title: Ksingmul language
text: # Ksingmul language
  
  Ksingmul (Ksing Mul, Puoc, Vietnamese: Xinh Mun, Chinese: 欣门语) is a Mon–Khmer language spoken by the Ksingmul people of Vietnam and Laos.
  
  ## Varieties
  
  Jerold Edmondson (2010: 144), citing Đặng Nghiêm Vạn, et al. (1972: 254 ff.), lists 3 major varieties of Ksingmul. Ksingmul Nghệt is the most conservative variety.
  
  * Ksingmul Nghệt: Nà Nghệt Village, Xiêng Khọ District, Sầm Nưa Province (Houaphan Province), Laos
  * Ksingmul Dạ: Chiềng On Village, Yên Châu District, Sơn La Province, Vietnam
  * Ksingmul Đồng
  
  ## Phonology
  
  Ksingmul Consonants :
  
  | | | Labial | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Glottal |
  | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
  | Nasal | Nasal | m | n | ɲ | ŋ | |
  | Stop | plain | p | t | c | k | ʔ |
  | Stop | aspirated | pʰ | tʰ | | kʰ | |
  | Stop | voiced | b | d | | g | |
  | Fricative | plain | | s | | | h |
  | Fricative | voiced | | zʲ | | | |
  | Approximant | Approximant | w | l | | | |
  
  Ksingmul Vowels :
  
  | | Front | Central | Back |
  | - | - | - | - |
  | Close | i | ɨ | u |
  | Diphthong | iə | ɨə | uə |
  | Mid | | ə | o |
  | Open-mid | ɛ | | ɔː |
  | Open | | ä | |
  
  All monophthongs can be long or short, apart from /ɔː/ which can only be long.
  
  