title: Associated motion
text: # Associated motion
  
  Associated motion is a grammatical category whose main function is to associate a motion component to the event expressed by the verbal root.
  
  This category is attested in Pama–Nyungan languages, where it was first discovered (Koch 1984, Wilkins 1991), in Tacanan (Guillaume 2006, 2008, 2009), in rGyalrong languages (Jacques 2013) and in Panoan languages (Tallman 2021).
  
  Languages with associated motion present a contrast between association motion and purposive motion verb constructions, as in the following examples from Japhug Rgyalrong (Jacques 2013:202-3).
  
  laχtɕʰa
  
  thing
  
  ɯ-kɯ-χtɯ
  
  3SG-NMLZ-buy
  
  jɤ-ari-a
  
  AOR-go-1SG
  
  laχtɕʰa ɯ-kɯ-χtɯ jɤ-ari-a
  
  thing 3SG-NMLZ-buy AOR-go-1SG
  
  'I went to buy things'
  
  laχtɕʰa
  
  thing
  
  ɕ-tɤ-χtɯ-t-a
  
  TRANSLOC-AOR-buy-PST-1SG
  
  laχtɕʰa ɕ-tɤ-χtɯ-t-a
  
  thing TRANSLOC-AOR-buy-PST-1SG
  
  'I went to buy things'
  
  Although both examples have the same English translation, they differ in that (2) with the translocative associated motion prefix ɕ- implies that the buying did take place, while (1) with the motion verb does not imply the buying took place, even though the going did. The distinction made by the translocative is similar to the distinction made in "I went and bought things".
  
  