title: List of GNU Core Utilities commands
text: # List of GNU Core Utilities commands
  
  This is a list of commands from the GNU Core Utilities for Unix environments. These commands can be found on Unix operating systems and most Unix-like operating systems.
  
  ## List
  
  Programs in coreutils 8.27 :
  
  | Name | Category | Description |
  | - | - | - |
  | chcon | File utilities | Changes file security context (SELinux) |
  | chgrp | File utilities | Changes file group ownership |
  | chown | File utilities | Changes file ownership |
  | chmod | File utilities | Changes the permissions of a file or directory |
  | cp | File utilities | Copies a file or directory |
  | dd | File utilities | Copies and converts a file |
  | df | File utilities | Shows disk free space on file systems |
  | dir | File utilities | Is exactly like "ls -C -b". (Files are by default listed in columns and sorted vertically.) |
  | dircolors | File utilities | Set up color for ls |
  | install | File utilities | Copies files and set attributes |
  | ln | File utilities | Creates a link to a file |
  | ls | File utilities | Lists the files in a directory |
  | mkdir | File utilities | Creates a directory |
  | mkfifo | File utilities | Makes named pipes (FIFOs) |
  | mknod | File utilities | Makes block or character special files |
  | mktemp | File utilities | Creates a temporary file or directory |
  | mv | File utilities | Moves files or rename files |
  | realpath | File utilities | Returns the resolved absolute or relative path for a file |
  | rm | File utilities | Removes (deletes) files, directories, device nodes and symbolic links |
  | rmdir | File utilities | Removes empty directories |
  | shred | File utilities | Overwrites a file to hide its contents, and optionally deletes it |
  | sync | File utilities | Flushes file system buffers |
  | touch | File utilities | Changes file timestamps; creates file |
  | truncate | File utilities | Shrink or extend the size of a file to the specified size |
  | vdir | File utilities | Is exactly like "ls -l -b". (Files are by default listed in long format.) |
  | b2sum | Text utilities | Computes and checks BLAKE2b message digest |
  | base32 | Text utilities | Encodes or decodes Base32, and prints result to standard output |
  | base64 | Text utilities | Encodes or decodes Base64, and prints result to standard output |
  | cat | Text utilities | Concatenates and prints files on the standard output |
  | cksum | Text utilities | Checksums (IEEE Ethernet CRC-32) and count the bytes in a file. Supersedes other *sum utilities with -a option from version 9.0. |
  | comm | Text utilities | Compares two sorted files line by line |
  | csplit | Text utilities | Splits a file into sections determined by context lines |
  | cut | Text utilities | Removes sections from each line of files |
  | expand | Text utilities | Converts tabs to spaces |
  | fmt | Text utilities | Simple optimal text formatter |
  | fold | Text utilities | Wraps each input line to fit in specified width |
  | head | Text utilities | Outputs the first part of files |
  | join | Text utilities | Joins lines of two files on a common field |
  | md5sum | Text utilities | Computes and checks MD5 message digest |
  | nl | Text utilities | Numbers lines of files |
  | numfmt | Text utilities | Reformat numbers |
  | od | Text utilities | Dumps files in octal and other formats |
  | paste | Text utilities | Merges lines of files |
  | ptx | Text utilities | Produces a permuted index of file contents |
  | pr | Text utilities | Converts text files for printing |
  | sha1sum, sha224sum, sha256sum, sha384sum, sha512sum | Text utilities | Computes and checks SHA-1/SHA-2 message digests |
  | shuf | Text utilities | generate random permutations |
  | sort | Text utilities | sort lines of text files |
  | split | Text utilities | Splits a file into pieces |
  | sum | Text utilities | Checksums and counts the blocks in a file |
  | tac | Text utilities | Concatenates and prints files in reverse order line by line |
  | tail | Text utilities | Outputs the last part of files |
  | tr | Text utilities | Translates or deletes characters |
  | tsort | Text utilities | Performs a topological sort |
  | unexpand | Text utilities | Converts spaces to tabs |
  | uniq | Text utilities | Removes duplicate lines from a sorted file |
  | wc | Text utilities | Prints the number of bytes, words, and lines in files |
  | arch | Shell utilities | Prints machine hardware name (same as uname -m) |
  | basename | Shell utilities | Removes the path prefix from a given pathname |
  | chroot | Shell utilities | Changes the root directory |
  | date | Shell utilities | Prints or sets the system date and time |
  | dirname | Shell utilities | Strips non-directory suffix from file name |
  | du | Shell utilities | Shows disk usage on file systems |
  | echo | Shell utilities | Displays a specified line of text |
  | env | Shell utilities | Displays and modifies environment variables |
  | expr | Shell utilities | Evaluates expressions |
  | factor | Shell utilities | Factors numbers |
  | false | Shell utilities | Does nothing, but exits unsuccessfully |
  | groups | Shell utilities | Prints the groups of which the user is a member |
  | hostid | Shell utilities | Prints the numeric identifier for the current host |
  | id | Shell utilities | Prints real or effective UID and GID |
  | link | Shell utilities | Creates a link to a file |
  | logname | Shell utilities | Print the user's login name |
  | nice | Shell utilities | Modifies scheduling priority |
  | nohup | Shell utilities | Allows a command to continue running after logging out |
  | nproc | Shell utilities | Queries the number of (active) processors |
  | pathchk | Shell utilities | Checks whether file names are valid or portable |
  | pinky | Shell utilities | A lightweight version of finger |
  | printenv | Shell utilities | Prints environment variables |
  | printf | Shell utilities | Formats and prints data |
  | pwd | Shell utilities | Prints the current working directory |
  | readlink | Shell utilities | Displays value of a symbolic link |
  | runcon | Shell utilities | Run command with specified security context |
  | seq | Shell utilities | Prints a sequence of numbers |
  | sleep | Shell utilities | Delays for a specified amount of time |
  | stat | Shell utilities | Returns data about an inode |
  | stdbuf | Shell utilities | Controls buffering for commands that use stdio |
  | stty | Shell utilities | Changes and prints terminal line settings |
  | tee | Shell utilities | Sends output to multiple files |
  | test | Shell utilities | Evaluates an expression |
  | timeout | Shell utilities | Run a command with a time limit |
  | true | Shell utilities | Does nothing, but exits successfully |
  | tty | Shell utilities | Prints terminal name |
  | uname | Shell utilities | Prints system information |
  | unlink | Shell utilities | Removes the specified file using the unlink function |
  | uptime | Shell utilities | Tells how long the system has been running |
  | users | Shell utilities | Prints the user names of users currently logged into the current host |
  | who | Shell utilities | Prints a list of all users currently logged in |
  | whoami | Shell utilities | Prints the effective userid |
  | yes | Shell utilities | Prints a string repeatedly |
  | [ | Other Utilities | A synonym for test; this program permits expressions like [ expression ]. |
  