title: Edward MacDowell Medal
text: # Edward MacDowell Medal
  
  The Edward MacDowell Medal is an award which has been given since 1960 to one person annually who has made an outstanding contribution to American culture and the arts. It is given by MacDowell, the first artist residency program in the United States.
  
  ## Background
  
  The award is named for composer Edward MacDowell, who, with pianist Marian MacDowell, his wife, founded the MacDowell artist residency (formerly known as The MacDowell Colony) in 1907. The residency exists to nurture the arts by offering creative individuals of the highest talent an inspiring environment in which to produce enduring works of the imagination. Each year, MacDowell welcomes more than 300 architects, composers, filmmakers, interdisciplinary artists, theatre artists, visual artists, and writers from across the United States and around the globe
  
  ## History of the award
  
  Established in 1960 with the first award going to Thornton Wilder, the award is given to one artist each year, from among seven artistic disciplines, "architecture, visual art, music composition, theater, writing, filmmaking and interdisciplinary art."
  
  Composer Aaron Copland was the second recipient of the award in 1961. Copland had been a resident of the artist's residency eight times between 1925 and 1956, and served as MacDowell's president from 1962 to 1968.
  
  Painter Georgia O'Keeffe received the award in 1972. O'Keeffe, who was then 84 years old, decided not to attend, and asked art historian Lloyd Goodrich to accept the award on her behalf. Goodrich explained that O'Keeffe believed that her paintings were more important than her words.
  
  When writer Mary McCarthy won the award in 1984, The New York Times sent culture reporter Samuel G. Freedman to Peterborough to interview McCarthy and cover the ceremony. McCarthy commented that if she knew that her nemesis, writer Lillian Hellman had won the award in 1976, she would have "probably not" accepted it. McCarthy conceded that the fact that her former husband, writer Edmund Wilson, had received the award in 1964 lent credibility to the honor.
  
  Composer and conductor Leonard Bernstein won the award in 1987. Bernstein observed that it was the first award he had received solely for musical composition. Bernard Holland, writing in The New York Times, noted that Bernstein had "made full use of the quiet and solitude of this venerable refuge for artists" three times previously, having been a resident there in 1962, 1970 and 1972.
  
  Award winner and writer William Styron spoke at the 1988 awards ceremony. He said that the group of previous winners "represents the brightest constellation of American talent that could be assembled in the latter half of this century", and that "their work has been of supreme value to the world".
  
  Composer Stephen Sondheim, who won the award in 2013, was the first winner with a background in musical theater.
  
  When California artist Betye Saar won the 2014 award, a reporter for the Los Angeles Times commented that she was "joining an elite roster of honorees."
  
  Jazz composer and musician Gunther Schuller was scheduled to receive the 2015 award on his 90th birthday. However, Schuller died June 21, 2015, before he could receive the award.
  
  ## Medal Day
  
  The Edward MacDowell Medal has been awarded during a free, public ceremony at MacDowell grounds in Peterborough, NH, to such figures as Aaron Copland (1961), Robert Frost (1962), Georgia O'Keeffe (1972), Leonard Bernstein (1987), Stephen Sondheim (2013), and Betye Saar (2014). MacDowell Chair, Fellow, and author Nell Irvin Painter, hosts the ceremony typically held on a summer Sunday in July or August beginning at noon. Following the award ceremony, guests can have picnic lunches before open studio tours, which are hosted by MacDowell artists-in-residence.
  
  ## List of recipients and speakers
  
  | Year | Medalist | Speaker |
  | - | - | - |
  | 1960 | Thornton Wilder | Edward Weeks |
  | 1961 | Aaron Copland | Irving Kolodin |
  | 1962 | Robert Frost | Aaron Copland |
  | 1963 | Alexander Calder | Meyer Shapiro |
  | 1964 | Edmund Wilson | Aaron Copland |
  | 1965 | Edgard Varese | Milton Babbitt |
  | 1966 | Edward Hopper | Lloyd Goodrich |
  | 1967 | Marianne Moore | Glenn Wescott |
  | 1968 | Roger Sessions | Edward T. Cone |
  | 1969 | Louise Nevelson | John Canaday |
  | 1970 | Eudora Welty | Elizabeth Janeway |
  | 1971 | William Schuman | Aaron Copland |
  | 1972 | Georgia O'Keeffe | Eric Larrabee |
  | 1973 | Norman Mailer | John Leonard |
  | 1974 | Walter Piston | Michael Steinberg |
  | 1975 | Willem de Kooning | Dore Ashton |
  | 1976 | Lillian Hellman | John Hersey |
  | 1977 | Virgil Thomson | Alfred Frankenstein |
  | 1978 | Richard Diebenkorn | John Canaday |
  | 1979 | John Cheever | Elizabeth Hardwick |
  | 1980 | Samuel Barber | Charles Wadsworth |
  | 1981 | John Updike | Wilfred Sheed |
  | 1982 | Isamu Noguchi | William Lieberman |
  | 1983 | Elliott Carter | Michael Steinberg |
  | 1984 | Mary McCarthy | Elizabeth Hardwick |
  | 1985 | Robert Motherwell | Varujan Boghosian |
  | 1986 | Lee Friedlander | John Szarkowski |
  | 1987 | Leonard Bernstein | Ned Rorem |
  | 1988 | William Styron | George Plimpton |
  | 1989 | Stan Brakhage | John Hanhardt |
  | 1990 | Louise Bourgeois | Robert Storr |
  | 1991 | David Diamond | Joseph Polisi |
  | 1992 | Richard Wilbur | Richard Howard |
  | 1993 | Harry Callahan | Anne Tucker |
  | 1994 | Jasper Johns | Kirk Varnedoe |
  | 1995 | George Crumb | Christopher Rouse |
  | 1996 | Joan Didion | Elizabeth Hardwick |
  | 1997 | Chuck Jones | John Canemaker |
  | 1998 | I. M. Pei | J. Carter Brown |
  | 1999 | Ellsworth Kelly | James Cuno |
  | 2000 | Lou Harrison | Dennis Russell Davies |
  | 2001 | Philip Roth | William Styron |
  | 2002 | Robert Frank | Philip Brookman |
  | 2003 | Merce Cunningham | Meredith Monk |
  | 2004 | Nam June Paik | John Hanhardt |
  | 2005 | Steve Reich | David Lang and Richard Serra |
  | 2006 | Alice Munro | Virginia Barber |
  | 2007 | Les Blank | Frederick Wiseman |
  | 2008 | Thom Mayne | Robert Campbell |
  | 2009 | Kiki Smith | Lynne Tillman |
  | 2010 | Sonny Rollins | Gary Giddins |
  | 2011 | Edward Albee | Mike Nichols |
  | 2012 | Nan Goldin | Lucy Sante |
  | 2013 | Stephen Sondheim | Frank Rich |
  | 2014 | Betye Saar | Lowery Stokes Sims |
  | 2015 | Gunther Schuller (posthumous) | Yehudi Wyner and Terrance McKnight |
  | 2016 | Toni Morrison | Peter Sellars |
  | 2017 | David Lynch | Kristine McKenna |
  | 2018 | Art Spiegelman | Hillary Chute |
  | 2019 | Charles Gaines | Thelma Golden |
  | 2021 | Rosanne Cash | Kurt Andersen |
  | 2022 | Sonia Sanchez | Walter Mosley |
  