title: Space geodesy
text: # Space geodesy
  
  Geodesy :
  
  Fundamentals
  
  Geodesy
  
  Geodynamics
  
  Geomatics
  
  History :
  
  Concepts
  
  Geographical distance
  
  Geoid
  
  Figure of the Earth (radius and circumference)
  
  Geodetic coordinates
  
  Geodetic datum
  
  Geodesic
  
  Horizontal position representation
  
  Latitude / Longitude
  
  Map projection
  
  Reference ellipsoid
  
  Satellite geodesy
  
  Spatial reference system
  
  Spatial relations
  
  Vertical positions :
  
  Technologies
  
  Global Nav. Sat. Systems (GNSSs)
  
  Global Pos. System (GPS)
  
  GLONASS (Russia)
  
  BeiDou (BDS) (China)
  
  Galileo (Europe)
  
  NAVIC (India)
  
  Quasi-Zenith Sat. Sys. (QZSS) (Japan)
  
  Discrete Global Grid and Geocoding :
  
  Standards (history) NGVD 29 Sea Level Datum 1929 OSGB36 Ordnance Survey Great Britain 1936 SK-42 Systema Koordinat 1942 goda ED50 European Datum 1950 SAD69 South American Datum 1969 GRS 80 Geodetic Reference System 1980 ISO 6709 Geographic point coord. 1983 NAD 83 North American Datum 1983 WGS 84 World Geodetic System 1984 NAVD 88 N. American Vertical Datum 1988 ETRS89 European Terrestrial Ref. Sys. 1989 GCJ-02 Chinese obfuscated datum 2002 Geo URI Internet link to a point 2010
  
  International Terrestrial Reference System
  
  Spatial Reference System Identifier (SRID)
  
  Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) :
  
  vte :
  
  Space geodesy is geodesy by means of sources external to Earth, mainly artificial satellites (in satellite geodesy) but also quasars (in very-long-baseline interferometry, VLBI), visible stars (in stellar triangulation), and the retroreflectors on the Moon (in lunar laser ranging, LLR).
  
  