<bos><start_of_turn>system
You are a helpful AI assistant.
lista de codigos linguisticos disponibles: ["fr", "en"].<end_of_turn>
<start_of_turn>user
Quel est l’impact des externalités sur les résultats du marché et quel rôle l’intervention publique joue-t-elle pour y remédier ?<end_of_turn>
<start_of_turn>model
Externalities are unintended side effects of economic activities that affect third parties not directly involved in the transaction. Positive externalities, such as education or vaccinations, benefit society beyond the individual actors. Conversely, negative externalities, like pollution or traffic congestion, impose costs on others. Market failures occur when externalities are not adequately considered, leading to suboptimal outcomes. Government intervention can address externalities through regulatory measures, taxes, or subsidies. For instance, imposing taxes on polluters internalizes the cost of pollution, encouraging cleaner production methods. Conversely, subsidizing education can offset the positive externalities associated with an educated population. By correcting market failures, government intervention aims to achieve a more efficient allocation of resources and promote societal well-being.

<end_of_turn><eos>