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To summarize: The three American scientists have been studying the circadian rhythm of the fruit fly for three decades.

The Nobel Assembly at the Karolinska Institute in Stockholm, Sweden, said it recognized them for their "discoveries of the molecular mechanisms that control the circadian rhythm," that is, our biological clock.

"Their discoveries explain how plants, animals and humans adapt their biological rhythm to synchronize with the revolutions of the Earth," the Assembly said in a statement.

The three scientists are pioneers in the study of our biological clock.

Their research allowed us "to take a look inside our biological clock and elucidate its internal workings," the institution explained.

The biological clock is responsible for making us sleepy at night and influences our mood, alertness and even our risk of suffering cardiac arrest.

"What this can do is make us more aware of the importance of sleep hygiene and how important it is to make sure that we are going to bed at an appropriate time," said Juleen Zierath of the Assembly.

The prize amounts to US$1.1 million and is the first of the Nobel Prizes to be announced each year. On Tuesday the name of the winner of the Nobel Prize in Physics will be revealed; on Wednesday, Chemistry; on Thursday, Literature; on Friday, Peace and on Monday the 9th, Economy.

The Nobel Prize in Medicine was awarded last year to Japanese biologist Yoshinori Ohsumi for discovering the mechanisms behind cellular autophagy, the process of cell degradation and recycling.

Pioneers in their field

The three scientists are pioneers in the study of biological rhythm.

Rosbash and Hall began collaborating at Brandeis University in Boston more than 30 years ago to study the circadian rhythm of Drosophila, the fruit fly family.

Both were the first to clone the first circadian rhythm gene of this fly in 1984.

The prize amounts to US$1.1 million...\nSummary in the same language as the doc:<end_of_turn>
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Les chercheurs américains Jeffrey C. Hall, Michael Rosbash et Michael W. Young ont reçu ce lundi le prix Nobel de médecine 2017.<end_of_turn><eos>