text: The author begins his essay by providing background on the planet, letting the audience know that Venus is the second planet from the sun and is difficult for humans to explore. In the second and third paragraphs, the author explores many difficulties surrounding the thought of studying Venus. First, he claims, no spaceships have landed on Venus in recent years. This allows readers to understand that compared to Mars, another planet close to Earth that humans are trying to settle on, studying Venus will be a challenge. The author continues by explaining the ridiculous temperatures and atmospheric conditions of Venus, claiming a sweltering 800 degrees Fahrenheit with a pressure that is 90 times greater than the pressure on Earth ("The Challenge of Exploring Venus").. This alone causes the readers to double back, letting the audience know the dangers that come with even stepping foot on Venus. Furthermore, according to the author, Venus is well known for its frequent natural disasters, like earthquakes, volcanoes, and lightning strikes ("The Challenge of Exploring Venus"). Not only do unbelievable conditions exist at the surface itself, these sweltering temperatures also exist far above the planet. According to the author, temperatures would still be 170 degrees Fahrenheit even 30 miles above the surface, much hotter than the temperature 30 miles above the surface of Earth ("The Challenge of Exploring Venus"). The author later explains in the fifth paragraph that while exploring Venus would be tough, it would be possible. Knowing this information, the author convinces his audience that exploring Venus is a difficult task to accomplish.