    Sentence 1: Although no single retailer  pioneeréd. or adopted: ‘all the  innovations that. compose lean  rétailing, We ‘focus -here on those in  three | segments'mass: -rmerchants,  national’. chains, \ and . departments  stores'that played important roles in  ing the Larger transformation.         Sentence: 2: There. were five different  retailers that developed Key portions  of leanretailing.