    Sentence 1: Vatican Il gave rise to a  less hierarchical and more outward  looking Catholicism and set the stoe  for onee-unthinkable innovations ike  plainclothes nuns and the celebration  Peithe Mass in English and other  modern language                Sentence 2: Vatican II's changes to  Catholicism were borne out 0!  necessity because the church was    see cerned about losing members.