Instruction: I strongly believe in having a growth mindset and being a lifelong learner. However, I am a very busy person and I always find it hard to find time in the day to dedicate to educating myself on a variety of topics. I would love to read more, but I simply don't have the time to be able to do this today regularly. What are some ways that I can consume content to learn and exercise my mind, using the least amount of time as possible?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
I strongly believe in having a growth mindset and being a lifelong learner. However, I am a very busy person and I always find it hard to find time in the day to dedicate to educating myself on a variety of topics. I would love to read more, but I simply don't have the time to be able to do this today regularly. What are some ways that I can consume content to learn and exercise my mind, using the least amount of time as possible?

### Response:

Output:
Time management is very hard for many people. Having a growth mindset is a fantastic way to continue to better yourself through all of life's troubles and tribulations. Here are a few ways that you can educate yourself either on the go, or with minimal time commitment:

1. TED (and TEDx) Talks - TED Talks are popular videos that present a great idea in 18 minutes or less. While TED talks are intended for a global audience, TEDx talks are intended for smaller audiences and are usually presented at a local level. TED and TEDx talk videos are readily available for consumption, for free from the website www.ted.com, via a mobiule app, as well as on Spotify, YouTube and many other content platforms.

2. Podcasts - Podcasts are a series of on-demand episodes, delivered orally, focused on a specific theme. Podcasts can be accessed from many types of devices and are readily available from many popular platforms, including Spotify, Apple Podcasts and iHeartRadio. Podcasts are focused on any number of topics, and can easily be listened to while on the go.

3. Newsletters - Newsletters are printed or electronic reports that are made available by many organizations to a subscribed audience. They are often written in short, digestible formats to provide the highlights of a variety of topics, and typically contain links to learn more, if desired. They usually take only a few minutes to read and are readily available from news sources like the Wall Street Journal, CNN, Fox News, as well as many websites and LinkedIn groups.

In addition to these ideas, simply dedicating a small amount of time each day to learning and improving yourself can go a long way. Try to dedicate 15 minutes every day, ideally at the same time each day, toward this and before long, it will become a habit.


Instruction: How well establish is the Cuban red-tailed hawk as a species?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
How well establish is the Cuban red-tailed hawk as a species?

### Input:
The Cuban red-tailed hawk (Buteo jamaicensis solitudinus) is a subspecies of red-tailed hawk native to the Bahamas, Florida, and Cuba.

Like other island races, the validity of this subspecies has been called into question, but it has its defenders as well. Generally, this subspecies appears as a diminutive version of B. j. umbrinus in plumage characteristics but is considerably isolated from that race.

### Response:

Input:
The Cuban red-tailed hawk (Buteo jamaicensis solitudinus) is a subspecies of red-tailed hawk native to the Bahamas, Florida, and Cuba.

Like other island races, the validity of this subspecies has been called into question, but it has its defenders as well. Generally, this subspecies appears as a diminutive version of B. j. umbrinus in plumage characteristics but is considerably isolated from that race.

Output: The validity of this subspecies has been called into question, but it has its defenders as well.


Instruction: List some of the best life changing self-help books

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
List some of the best life changing self-help books

### Response:

Output:
Atomic Habits by James Clear
Power of discipline by Daniel Walter
The Power of Habit by Charles Duhigg
Tiny Habits by BJ Fogg
High Performance Habits by Brendon Burchard
Getting Things Done by David Allen
What the Most Successful People Do Before Breakfast by Laura Vanderkam
How to Change by Katy Milkman
Start With Why by Simon Sinek
The Culture Code by Daniel Coyle


Instruction: List some of the best surf breaks in California

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
List some of the best surf breaks in California

### Response:

Output: Trestles "Uppers" Lowers" "Middles", Cottons, Blacks, Rincon, Malibu, Mavericks, Huntington Pier, Lunada Bay, San Onofre, T-Street, Hollister Ranch, Santa Cruz, Point Dume, Swamis, Windandsea, Salt Creek, Killer Dana (before Dana Point Harbor was built)


Instruction: Which characters belong to DC or Marvel Universe? She-Hulk, Wonder Woman

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Which characters belong to DC or Marvel Universe? She-Hulk, Wonder Woman

### Response:

Output: She-Hulk is Marvel, Wonder Woman is DC


Instruction: What are some of the best camping locations in Ontario, Canada?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
What are some of the best camping locations in Ontario, Canada?

### Response:

Output:
Some of the best places to camp in Ontario, Canada are:
* Killbear provincial Park
* Algonquin Provincial Park
* Sleeping Giant Provincial Park
* Killarney Provincial Park
* Bruce Peninsula National Park
* Grundy Lake Provincial Park
* Bon Echo Provincial Park


Instruction: Is there a way to prevent type 1 diabetes?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Is there a way to prevent type 1 diabetes?

### Input:
There is no known way to prevent type 1 diabetes. Treatment with insulin is required for survival. Insulin therapy is usually given by injection just under the skin but can also be delivered by an insulin pump. A diabetic diet and exercise are important parts of management. If left untreated, diabetes can cause many complications. Complications of relatively rapid onset include diabetic ketoacidosis and nonketotic hyperosmolar coma. Long-term complications include heart disease, stroke, kidney failure, foot ulcers and damage to the eyes. Furthermore, since insulin lowers blood sugar levels, complications may arise from low blood sugar if more insulin is taken than necessary.

### Response:

Input: There is no known way to prevent type 1 diabetes. Treatment with insulin is required for survival. Insulin therapy is usually given by injection just under the skin but can also be delivered by an insulin pump. A diabetic diet and exercise are important parts of management. If left untreated, diabetes can cause many complications. Complications of relatively rapid onset include diabetic ketoacidosis and nonketotic hyperosmolar coma. Long-term complications include heart disease, stroke, kidney failure, foot ulcers and damage to the eyes. Furthermore, since insulin lowers blood sugar levels, complications may arise from low blood sugar if more insulin is taken than necessary.

Output: There is currently no way to prevent type 1 diabetes. Treatment by injection or by an insulin pump is required for survival.


Instruction: Why was the 2023 Women's NCAA basketball championship controversial?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Why was the 2023 Women's NCAA basketball championship controversial?

### Response:

Output: LSU beat Iowa to win the NCAA women's basketball championship in slightly controversial game. Many fans and pundits observed overly tight officiating resulting in many of the key stars on both teams with quick fouls and spending time on the bench altering the flow of the game requiring more bench players to play than expected. Particularly impactful was a questionable technical foul on Iowa player Caitlin Clark in the second half. Additionally, near the end of the game Angel Reece the LSU star mocked Iowa start Clark as her team won mimicking her soon to be placed championship ring on her hand. The 'trash talk' drove discussion on sportsmanship online among fans and journalists


Instruction: What is the Scots word that The Pleasance is derived from?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
What is the Scots word that The Pleasance is derived from?

### Input:
The Pleasance is a street just outside the Old Town of Edinburgh, Scotland, a remnant of the Flodden Wall flanking the west side of the street between Drummond Street and the Cowgate. Historically, the street was one of the main routes into Edinburgh from the south, meeting St Mary's Wynd (now St Mary's Street) at St Mary's Wynd Port, one of the gateways of the town walls. The name derives from the Scots plesance, meaning a park or garden. It first appears in 1507 as the name of a nearby house, and was later transferred to the street and then the suburb which was part of the regality of the Canongate. The derivation of the name from a nunnery of St Mary of Placentia, often mentioned in histories of Edinburgh, is an invention by William Maitland in his 1753 History of Edinburgh.

### Response:

Input: The Pleasance is a street just outside the Old Town of Edinburgh, Scotland, a remnant of the Flodden Wall flanking the west side of the street between Drummond Street and the Cowgate. Historically, the street was one of the main routes into Edinburgh from the south, meeting St Mary's Wynd (now St Mary's Street) at St Mary's Wynd Port, one of the gateways of the town walls. The name derives from the Scots plesance, meaning a park or garden. It first appears in 1507 as the name of a nearby house, and was later transferred to the street and then the suburb which was part of the regality of the Canongate. The derivation of the name from a nunnery of St Mary of Placentia, often mentioned in histories of Edinburgh, is an invention by William Maitland in his 1753 History of Edinburgh.

Output: plesance


Instruction: List the 7 most recent US Speakers of the House (newest to oldest).

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
List the 7 most recent US Speakers of the House (newest to oldest).

### Response:

Output:
Kevin McCarthy
Nancy Pelosi
Paul Ryan
John Boehner
Nancy Pelosi
Dennis Hastert
Newt Gingrich


Instruction: How is education in Singapore

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
How is education in Singapore

### Input:
Education in Singapore is managed by the Ministry of Education (MOE).[5] It controls the development and administration of state schools receiving taxpayers' funding, but also has an advisory and supervisory role in respect of private schools. For both private and state schools, there are variations in the extent of autonomy in their curriculum, scope of taxpayers' aid and funding, tuition burden on the students, and admission policy.

### Response:

Input: Education in Singapore is managed by the Ministry of Education (MOE).[5] It controls the development and administration of state schools receiving taxpayers' funding, but also has an advisory and supervisory role in respect of private schools. For both private and state schools, there are variations in the extent of autonomy in their curriculum, scope of taxpayers' aid and funding, tuition burden on the students, and admission policy.

Output:
Education spending usually makes up about 20 per cent of the annual national budget,[6] which subsidises state education and government-assisted private education for Singaporean citizens and funds the Edusave programme. Non-citizens bear significantly higher costs of educating their children in Singapore government and government-aided schools. In 2000, the Compulsory Education Act codified compulsory education for children of primary school age (excepting those with disabilities),[7] and made it a criminal offence for parents to fail to enroll their children in school and ensure their regular attendance.[8] Exemptions are allowed for homeschooling or full-time religious institutions, but parents must apply for exemption from the Ministry of Education and meet a minimum benchmark.[9]

The main language of instruction in Singapore is English, which was officially designated the first language within the local education system in 1987.[10] English is the first language learned by half the children by the time they reach preschool age and becomes the primary medium of instruction by the time they reach primary school. Although Malay, Mandarin and Tamil are also official languages, English is the language of instruction for nearly all subjects except the official Mother Tongue languages and the literatures of those languages; these are generally not taught in English, although there is provision for the use of English at the initial stages. Certain schools, such as secondary schools under the Special Assistance Plan (SAP), encourage a richer use of the mother tongue and may occasionally teach subjects in Mandarin Chinese.

Singapore's education system has been consistently ranked as one of the highest in the world by the OECD. It is believed that this comes from the style of teaching that is implemented in Singapore. Teachers focus on making sure that each of their students thoroughly move through the syllabus before moving on. By doing this teachers in Singapore teach a much more narrow but deeper type of instruction.[11] Furthermore, it has been described as "world-leading" and in 2010 was among those picked out for commendation by the Conservative former UK Education Secretary Michael Gove. According to PISA, an influential worldwide study on educational systems, Singapore has the highest performance in international education and tops in global rankings.[12][13] In 2020, Singaporean students made up half of the perfect scorers in the International Baccalaureate (IB) examinations worldwide.[14]


Instruction: Who is Stevie Wonder?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Who is Stevie Wonder?

### Input:
Stevie Wonder is an American singer-songwriter, who is credited as a pioneer and influence by musicians across a range of genres that include rhythm and blues, pop, soul, gospel, funk, and jazz.

### Response:

Input: Stevie Wonder is an American singer-songwriter, who is credited as a pioneer and influence by musicians across a range of genres that include rhythm and blues, pop, soul, gospel, funk, and jazz.

Output:
Stevie Wonder is an American singer-songwriter, who is credited as a pioneer and influence by musicians across a range of genres that include rhythm and blues, pop, soul, gospel, funk, and jazz.
A virtual one-man band, Wonder's use of synthesizers and other electronic musical instruments during the 1970s reshaped the conventions of R&B. He also helped drive such genres into the album era, crafting his LPs as cohesive and consistent, in addition to socially conscious statements with complex compositions. Blind since shortly after his birth, Wonder was a child prodigy who signed with Motown's Tamla label at the age of 11, where he was given the professional name Little Stevie Wonder.


Instruction: Who is the mercedes formula 1 team principal?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Who is the mercedes formula 1 team principal?

### Response:

Output: Toto Wolff is the team principal and CEO of the Mercedes-AMG PETRONAS F1 team


Instruction: Which TV show from the 80s and 90s features a bar owned by a former baseball player?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Which TV show from the 80s and 90s features a bar owned by a former baseball player?

### Response:

Output: Cheers


Instruction: What is the name of Baltimore Maryland's professional football team?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
What is the name of Baltimore Maryland's professional football team?

### Response:

Output: The Baltimore Ravens


Instruction: Who created the game of basketball?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Who created the game of basketball?

### Response:

Output: Basketball was invented by Dr. James Naismith, a canadian physical education teacher in winter of 1891. The game was invented to keep his students active during the Winter months.


Instruction: Tell me whether the following countries are located in Europe, North America, South America, Africa, or Asia: France, Mexico, Peru, India, Nepal, Rwanda, Egypt, Portugal, Kenya, Argentina, Canada

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Tell me whether the following countries are located in Europe, North America, South America, Africa, or Asia: France, Mexico, Peru, India, Nepal, Rwanda, Egypt, Portugal, Kenya, Argentina, Canada

### Response:

Output:
France: Europe
Mexico: North America
Peru: South America
India: Asia
Nepal: Asia
Rwanda: Africa
Egypt: Africa
Portugal: Europe
Kenya: Africa
Argentina: South America
Canada: North America


Instruction: What are the islands bathed by the Andfjorden fjord described on this paragraph?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
What are the islands bathed by the Andfjorden fjord described on this paragraph?

### Input:
Andfjorden is a fjord on the border of Nordland and Troms og Finnmark counties in Norway. It primarily flows between the large islands of Andøya and Senja. Grytøya and the smaller islands Bjarkøya and Krøttøya are located in the fjord. The main crossing is via the Andenes–Gryllefjord Ferry between Andøy and Senja municipalities. Other municipalities through which the fjord flows are Harstad, and Kvæfjord.

### Response:

Input: Andfjorden is a fjord on the border of Nordland and Troms og Finnmark counties in Norway. It primarily flows between the large islands of Andøya and Senja. Grytøya and the smaller islands Bjarkøya and Krøttøya are located in the fjord. The main crossing is via the Andenes–Gryllefjord Ferry between Andøy and Senja municipalities. Other municipalities through which the fjord flows are Harstad, and Kvæfjord.

Output: The Andfjorden fjord primarily flows between the Andøya and Senja islands. Grytøya and the smaller islands Bjarkøya and Krøttøya are located in the fjord.


Instruction: Identify which instrument is string or percussion: Dayereh, kumuz

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Identify which instrument is string or percussion: Dayereh, kumuz

### Response:

Output: kumuz is string, Dayereh is percussion.


Instruction: Tell me about the Sukhoi-Gulfstream

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Tell me about the Sukhoi-Gulfstream

### Input:
Sukhoi-Gulfstream S-21 was a projected Russian-American supersonic business jet.

In the early 1990s, Gulfstream Aerospace and the Sukhoi Design Bureau began a joint effort to develop a supersonic small business jet, code named the S-21. Due to questionable market demand for commercial supersonic air travel, commitment to the project weakened and delays mounted.[1]

Gulfstream eventually dissolved the partnership, although Sukhoi continued work on the S-21.

The S-21 would be capable of sustained cruise at Mach 2+ and much research and development has gone into the management of the troublesome transonic effects phenomena associated with near Mach 1 air speeds.

As of 2012, the project had not received any funding for the 2013-2025 development period and appeared to be cancelled.[2]

### Response:

Input:
Sukhoi-Gulfstream S-21 was a projected Russian-American supersonic business jet.

In the early 1990s, Gulfstream Aerospace and the Sukhoi Design Bureau began a joint effort to develop a supersonic small business jet, code named the S-21. Due to questionable market demand for commercial supersonic air travel, commitment to the project weakened and delays mounted.[1]

Gulfstream eventually dissolved the partnership, although Sukhoi continued work on the S-21.

The S-21 would be capable of sustained cruise at Mach 2+ and much research and development has gone into the management of the troublesome transonic effects phenomena associated with near Mach 1 air speeds.

As of 2012, the project had not received any funding for the 2013-2025 development period and appeared to be cancelled.[2]

Output:
The Sukhoi-Gulfstream S-21 was a projected Russian-American supersonic business jet.

In the early 1990s, Gulfstream Aerospace and the Sukhoi Design Bureau began a joint effort to develop a supersonic small business jet, code named the S-21. Due to questionable market demand for commercial supersonic air travel, commitment to the project weakened and delays mounted.


Instruction: What is the fastest car in the world?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
What is the fastest car in the world?

### Response:

Output: The fastest production car in the world is currently the Bugatti Chiron Supersport 300+ thanks to its 304mph top speed, although the Koenigsegg Jesko Absolut could topple the Bugatti from the position in the near future.


Instruction: What are the four ingredients for beer?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
What are the four ingredients for beer?

### Response:

Output: Water, Barley, Yeast and Hops


Instruction: Based on this text, please list the members of the band Phish, separated by commas.

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Based on this text, please list the members of the band Phish, separated by commas.

### Input:
Anastasio is a founding member of the rock band Phish, serving as lead guitarist and vocalist since their inception. Phish is noted for their musical improvisation, extended jams, exploration of a broad range of genres, and original live performances. Formed at the University of Vermont in 1983 (with the current line up solidifying in 1985), the band includes bassist and vocalist Mike Gordon; percussionist, vacuum player, and vocalist Jon Fishman; and keyboardist and vocalist Page McConnell. Phish performed together for over 20 years, releasing 10 studio albums, disbanding in August 2004. They reunited in March 2009 for a corresponding tour, released a reunion album Joy and have since resumed performing regularly.

### Response:

Input: Anastasio is a founding member of the rock band Phish, serving as lead guitarist and vocalist since their inception. Phish is noted for their musical improvisation, extended jams, exploration of a broad range of genres, and original live performances. Formed at the University of Vermont in 1983 (with the current line up solidifying in 1985), the band includes bassist and vocalist Mike Gordon; percussionist, vacuum player, and vocalist Jon Fishman; and keyboardist and vocalist Page McConnell. Phish performed together for over 20 years, releasing 10 studio albums, disbanding in August 2004. They reunited in March 2009 for a corresponding tour, released a reunion album Joy and have since resumed performing regularly.

Output: Anastasio, Mike Gordon, Jon Fishman, Page McConnell


Instruction: How many games did Edwin play in the NBA?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
How many games did Edwin play in the NBA?

### Input:
Edward Arnet Johnson (born May 1, 1959) is an American former professional basketball player who spent 17 seasons in the National Basketball Association (NBA) and a year in the Greek Basket League midway through his career. With nearly 1,200 games in the NBA, he scored the second-most career points among players who never played in an NBA All-Star Game, behind Jamal Crawford. As of the 2018–19 season, he is ranked 52nd in all-time points scored, and ranked fifth-most in points scored by an eligible player not in the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame. As of 2019 he is the co-host of NBA Today, which airs weekdays on Sirius XM NBA Radio and also is the play-by-play TV analyst for the Phoenix Suns on Bally Sports Arizona.

### Response:

Input: Edward Arnet Johnson (born May 1, 1959) is an American former professional basketball player who spent 17 seasons in the National Basketball Association (NBA) and a year in the Greek Basket League midway through his career. With nearly 1,200 games in the NBA, he scored the second-most career points among players who never played in an NBA All-Star Game, behind Jamal Crawford. As of the 2018–19 season, he is ranked 52nd in all-time points scored, and ranked fifth-most in points scored by an eligible player not in the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame. As of 2019 he is the co-host of NBA Today, which airs weekdays on Sirius XM NBA Radio and also is the play-by-play TV analyst for the Phoenix Suns on Bally Sports Arizona.

Output: Edwin played almost 1,200 games in the NBA.


Instruction: What is an optimisation problem?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
What is an optimisation problem?

### Response:

Output:
In mathematics and computer science, an optimisation problem is typically a search problem in which the best solution is to locate among all feasible solutions. An optimisation problem can be categorised as continuous or discrete depending on the type of their variables. In a discrete optimisation problem, variables are discrete and countable. In contrast, continuous variables include infinitely uncountable values, for example, a variable over a non-empty range of real numbers.

According to the number of objective functions, an optimisation problem is classified as single or multi-objective. A single-objective optimisation problem only involves one objective function to optimise. On the other hand, a multi-objective one considers two or more objectives simultaneously, which means the interaction between objectives has to be considered.


Instruction: What is the most important gear to bring for backpacking?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
What is the most important gear to bring for backpacking?

### Response:

Output: The most important gear for backpacking are the backpack, tent, sleeping bag, and sleeping pad. Without these, you'll likely have a miserable experience. In addition to those "large" items, you also need to bring a pot for boiling water, a small stove, and a gas canister to power that stove. Of course, you'll need to bring food proportional to how many days your trip lasts. In some parts of the world, a bear can is necessary to prevent bears from getting to your food. These are just the most important items, and there's many more things you should bring to have a safe and enjoyable trip.


Instruction: Classify each of the following a golf tournament or a tennis tournament: Masters, Dell Matchplay, PGA Championship, Wimbledon, Miami Open, French Open, Players Championship

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Classify each of the following a golf tournament or a tennis tournament: Masters, Dell Matchplay, PGA Championship, Wimbledon, Miami Open, French Open, Players Championship

### Response:

Output:
Masters: Golf Tournament
Dell Matchplay: Golf Tournament
PGA Championship: Golf Tournament
Wimbledon: Tennis Tournament
Miami Open: Tennis Tournament
French Open: Tennis Tournament
Players Championship: Golf Tournament


Instruction: Tell me which one of these is different than others - Football, Hockey, Basketball, Baseball, Cricket, Lacrosse.

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Tell me which one of these is different than others - Football, Hockey, Basketball, Baseball, Cricket, Lacrosse.

### Response:

Output:
All of these are popular sports. Depending on the context, these can be grouped differently.

In terms of popular American sports, Cricket is the odd one out. It's popularity is on the rise in USA, but it doesn't enjoy the same stature as other sports in this group.

In terms of international popularity, Lacrosse might be different than others. Although 68+ countries compete in Lacrosse, it's popularity is lower than the other sports in terms of viewership and following in total number of people.

(Ice) Hockey uses a rubber puck while other sports on the list use some form of a ball.


Instruction: Why Rafael Nadal succeeds on clay?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Why Rafael Nadal succeeds on clay?

### Input:
Rafael Nadal on clay is like a Grand Theft Auto game with the 'Infinite Ammo' cheat code enabled. Several have compared the Spaniard displaying his prowess on the red dirt to Picasso painting a live mural, Ennio Morricone producing a melody exactly congruent with the scenario, or Jorge Lorenzo posting similar times lap after lap in an almost mechanical yet fluid approach.

### Response:

Input: Rafael Nadal on clay is like a Grand Theft Auto game with the 'Infinite Ammo' cheat code enabled. Several have compared the Spaniard displaying his prowess on the red dirt to Picasso painting a live mural, Ennio Morricone producing a melody exactly congruent with the scenario, or Jorge Lorenzo posting similar times lap after lap in an almost mechanical yet fluid approach.

Output:
Rafael Nadal on clay is like a Grand Theft Auto game with the 'Infinite Ammo' cheat code enabled. Several have compared the Spaniard displaying his prowess on the red dirt to Picasso painting a live mural, Ennio Morricone producing a melody exactly congruent with the scenario, or Jorge Lorenzo posting similar times lap after lap in an almost mechanical yet fluid approach.

Rafael Nadal's ability on clay is mostly due to the surface itself. This may appear to be a quip, but the particular qualities of claycourts - which distinguish them from grass and hardcourts - are a fundamental reason why Rafael Nadal has dominated the surface the way he has.

What distinguishes clay? It's sluggish and bouncy. Fundamentally, clay reduces the speed of the ball once it bounces on the surface. Of course, there's more to it than just making the game slow and monotonous, but that's the distinguishing quality of a claycourt.

The surface is also less skiddish than grass or hard, allowing the ball to bounce high, which suits Rafael Nadal's high topspin-based game.

The slick nature of grass and hardcourt surfaces has been one of Rafael Nadal's main challenges throughout his career. Because there is significantly more skid on the ball on grass and hard than on clay, the ball tends to stay low. That in turn takes away vital time from the Spaniard to apply enough topspin.

For many of Rafael Nadal's career, his allegedly subpar serve in compared to his opponents was regarded as his most serious flaw. When his ground game isn't functioning, Nadal rarely has the luxury of a great first serve that can bail him out of trouble. To save break points, the 19-time Grand Slam champion frequently needs to drag out rallies.

Despite having a somewhat weak serve for the majority of his career, Rafael Nadal has able to take use of his southpaw serve on the ad side (to a right-handed opponent's normally weaker side). And nowhere has he done it better than on his favourite red dirt; just ask Roger Federer how much it sucks for the opponent.

The southpaw's serve forces the right-handed returner wide into his backhand corner, resulting in a weak return. This opens up practically the entire court for Rafael Nadal to unleash his most lethal weapon, the forehand down the line.

Rafael Nadal's obsession with patterns has been a feature of his game throughout his career, regardless of the surface.

In fact, because he is preoccupied on keeping to his rallying patterns, Nadal sometimes lets go of an opening and misses a chance to strike a winner into the open court. On social media, this has become known as Nadal's "Open Court atheism."


Instruction: Tell me 5 best Tom Hanks movies of all time.

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Tell me 5 best Tom Hanks movies of all time.

### Response:

Output: Forrest Gump, Saving Private Ryan, Apollo 13, Catch Me If You Can, Big.


Instruction: What position is best to use in your Fantasy Football flex slot?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
What position is best to use in your Fantasy Football flex slot?

### Response:

Output: The majority of fantasy football players believe it is best to use a running-back in your flex spot because running-backs traditionally receive the ball (touches) more often than wider receivers or tight-ends.  More touches theoretically means more opportunities to score points.  However, with recent NFL rule changes, stronger and faster wide receivers, and fantasy football scoring systems that provide extra points for catching a pass (catches) wide receivers are scoring significantly more points than running backs on a weekly basis.  Therefore, it is advised to play a wider receiver in your fantasy football flex spot.


Instruction: Write a short story about a little girl that saves her neighbors home from a bee infestation.

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Write a short story about a little girl that saves her neighbors home from a bee infestation.

### Response:

Output:
Milly was 6 years old and ever since she could remember, fascinated by bees. Her mother called her their little apiologist. Her father called her "honey bee." Her brother called her super tough because she had been stung by bees over 10 times and not once did she cry. The truth is, Milly felt like crying when she was stung, and it was not because the sting hurt. No, Milly was sad, because when a bee stings you, it dies and Milly loves bees.

Knowing what you now know about Milly, it will be no surprise to you that the Jackson's came to her when they needed help. The Jackson's were Milly's neighbors, and Milly thought they were very cool. First off, they loved animals. Including 3 kids, 2 dogs, 2 cats, and 12 little silver fish that sparkled in this huge fishbowl. They dressed colorfully, they organized street-wide garage sales, and every few weeks, they invited Milly and her brother over to watch movies in their backyard that they projected off the side of their garage.

The Jackson's were not the type of people to worry about much, but on this day, they appeared very concerned. When Milly opened the door after she heard the doorbell ring, their they all were, Thomas and Lauren (the parents), Amber, Jade, Hugo (the kids), Bosko and Roscoe (the dogs), Felix and Helix (the cats), and sparkles (all of the fish were named sparkle because you couldn't tell them apart) in their fishbowl. Amber spoke up, "Milly, we need your help, it's an emergency." Jade continued, "There are bees everywhere!" Hugo finished, "At least Dad and Roscoe are allergic to bee stings, so we just grabbed everyone and ran!"

Milly's eyes darted between each of the people and pets in front of her. She could see and sense the fear in them. They did not know that there was nothing to fear, Milly the little apiologist was here. Milly took a deep breath, and calmly said, "Lead me to them." Thomas said, "Thank you Milly, we think they are coming out of the garage, but we're not sure", as they started to walk next door.

Stepping through the grass, you could start to hear what the Jackson's were talking about. With each step, a droning buzz sound got closer. As Milly stepped off the lawn and onto the Jackson's driveway the buzzing went up a few decibels. She started to see them. Little movements in every direction - coming from the garage, going to the garage, bouncing off the windows of the car, hovering above the buffet of colorful flowers in the planters hanging on the side of the back deck. To some it might look chaotic, but to Milly, it was amazing.

The Jackson’s stayed back, near the start of the driveway, holding their collective breaths, as Milly walked right into the swarms' midst. Milly’s tie-dye shirt was bright pink and yellow, and had the words, “Flower Power” written on the front in bold, bubbly letters. It attracted a lot of attention. Bees were landing all over her, as if exploring the shirt for some hidden nectar. Unbothered, Milly stood there for a minute and just listened to the buzz. She could sense that it was louder towards the garage. Milly went to the green wooden door and peered in through the window. She could not believe her eyes.

The window on the door of the Jackson’s garage was in need of a cleaning. But it was clear to Milly that something remarkable was behind this door, because she could see bees everywhere. Not just flying, but bees on the table top, the toolbox, the walls, the lights, the bicycles, they were everywhere. So many, the walls looked like they were moving. Milly opened the door and walked in, a few bees blasted out as the door opened, along with a rush of air carrying a slightly sweet fragrance.

More bees flew towards Milly, landing on her. Walking on her sleeves, hanging on to her shoe laces, getting tangled in her hair. Milly put her hand over her mouth and nose, so she could breathe without inhaling a bee. She had to keep blinking to keep the bees from obscuring her vision. She walked slowly to the table top that used to have a few tools on it, keeping a close eye on where she stepped. She started her search here, because she noticed a strange pattern in the surface movement: there was a small trail between thousands of bees on the wall behind the table top.

Milly knows a lot about bees. That male bees don’t have stingers. Females and males have different body types and shapes. Females have shorter antennae, males tend to be slimmer and smaller. Milly also knows that each hive has a single queen, and that the queen likes to walk quickly amongst her hive. As she walks, the workers all around her will part in front of her, leaving a small wake behind the queen. With this in mind, Millly scanned the wall, looking for her.

And there she is. The queen bee stands out. She’s larger in every way. The patterns on her wings are more clear. She moves where she pleases, and her workers are happy to clear a path in front of her. Milly reached out and picked her up. The buzzing in the garage got louder almost immediately. The bees near the wall, started to lift off and fly around quickly in front of Milly, who was once again holding a hand over her mouth and nose. Milly turned to face the door and began to retrace her steps back out of the garage.

As Milly took each step, more and more bees started to land on her closed hand holding the queen. Bees landed on her arm, on her shoulder, on neck, and slowly covered all of Milly’s body. Milly made it to the door, and walked out. The Jackson’s started yelling, “Milly are you OK?!” “Milly??!!!!” “Call 9-1-1!!!” Roscoe barked. Milly couldn’t hear anything over the buzzing though. The weight of the bees was unexpectedly heavy. The bees were warm too, and she could feel a tinge of perspiration on her brow.

Milly headed home. She didn’t have any pets of her own, she didn’t ask for much, but she was about to make a big ask. Milly still moved slowly, as her vision was still obscured given the movement in front, above, and below her eyes. She could sense the Jackson’s kids rushing ahead of her, and shouting. Milly could feel the queen in her hand moving around, pushing at the edges between her fingers, trying to get through to her hive that was crawling all over Milly.

As she walked back across the lawn, she started to see people on the street watching her. She could see her house between blinks, and her mother and father walking towards her, with big grins on their faces. They walked right up to Milly, and spoke loudly to be heard over the buzzing. “Where are you going, my little beekeeper?” Her dad’s voice cut through the buzz. Milly just looked up at him, and over at her mom. She responded with her eyes, though blinking rapidly, those big green eyes conveyed a desire to her parents that they understood.

The two parents looked at each other and sighed, then looked back down at their daughter. “So, what are we supposed to do, get a nice box or jar for the queen?” Milly nodded, and headed through the gate to their backyard. Milly’s parents followed, along with her brother, and the Jackson’s, though Roscoe stayed wearily at the back of the group. Milly’s mother disappeared into their shed and emerged a few seconds later with a small box that had a lid with a very fine mesh. A temporary home for a queen.

The box was placed on the patio table and the group gathered around. Milly reached out and placed the queen in the box and stepped back. As she stepped away, the bees started to lift off of her, buzzing in the air, waiting to pick up the new signal of the queen’s location. Then one by one, they found her, and rapidly flew towards the box, covering the table in seconds.

Milly let out a deep breath and looked at her friends and family. She dropped the hand from over her mouth, and helped a few bees that were stuck in her hair find their way out. She had the biggest smile on her face, like only a happy 6 year old can have, and she asked, “Who likes honey?”


Instruction: Which of the following car brands produce electric vehicles: Toyota, Tesla, and Ford. List the models that are electric.

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Which of the following car brands produce electric vehicles: Toyota, Tesla, and Ford. List the models that are electric.

### Response:

Output: There are a few types of electric vehicles: battery electric vehicle (BEV), plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV), and hybrid electric vehicles (HEV). Toyota produces the Prius which is a HEV with an PHEV variant, they also produce the bZ4X a fully battery electric crossover. Tesla solely produces battery electric vehicles with their Model 3, Model S, Model X, and Model Y models. Ford produces the Mustang Mach-e and F-150 Lightning as fully battery electric vehicles.


Instruction: What are some ways that I can conserve water at home?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
What are some ways that I can conserve water at home?

### Response:

Output: Some ways you can conserve water at home include limiting or eliminating taking baths, installing high pressure shower heads in your shower, and reducing toilet flushing. Some more creative ways include reusing water you use to rinse your vegetables to water houseplants and replacing your lawn with drought-tolerant plants.


Instruction: Give me a list of the greatest basketball players of all time.

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Give me a list of the greatest basketball players of all time.

### Response:

Output: Michael Jordan and Lebron James are often considered as the two greatest basketball players of all time. In addition, Kareem Abdul-Jabbar, Bill Russell, Magic Johnson, Kobe Bryant, and Larry Bird are all considered amongst the best basketball players to play the game.


Instruction: How do I travel from SF to Aspen ski resorts?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
How do I travel from SF to Aspen ski resorts?

### Response:

Output: During winter season, United airline operates direct flight from SFO to ASE a few times a week. ASE is the local airport of Aspen. Once you arrive at ASE, most hotels and resorts offer complimentary shuttle to and from the local airport. Direct flight usually ends around the first week of April, so if that's not an option, you can either take a 1-stop flight from SFO to ASE, or fly into Denver then drive to Aspen. The drive is about 4.5 hours if the road condition is okay. If cost is a concern, flying to Denver and use rental car is usually cheaper.


Instruction: What is pair skating, Can you help identify some key points from the give text?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
What is pair skating, Can you help identify some key points from the give text?

### Input:
Pair skating is a figure skating discipline defined by the International Skating Union (ISU) as "the skating of two persons in unison who perform their movements in such harmony with each other as to give the impression of genuine Pair Skating as compared with independent Single Skating". The ISU also states that a pairs team consists of "one Woman and one Man". Pair skating, along with men's and women's single skating, has been an Olympic discipline since figure skating, the oldest Winter Olympic sport, was introduced at the 1908 Summer Olympics in London. The ISU World Figure Skating Championships introduced pair skating in 1908.

### Response:

Input: Pair skating is a figure skating discipline defined by the International Skating Union (ISU) as "the skating of two persons in unison who perform their movements in such harmony with each other as to give the impression of genuine Pair Skating as compared with independent Single Skating". The ISU also states that a pairs team consists of "one Woman and one Man". Pair skating, along with men's and women's single skating, has been an Olympic discipline since figure skating, the oldest Winter Olympic sport, was introduced at the 1908 Summer Olympics in London. The ISU World Figure Skating Championships introduced pair skating in 1908.

Output:
1. The International Skating Union (ISU) defines pair skating as "the skating of two persons in unison who perform their movements in such harmony with each other as to give the impression of genuine Pair Skating as compared to independent Single Skating" as a kind of figure skating.
2. According to the ISU, a pairs team is comprised of "one Man and one Woman."
3. Since figure skating, the first Winter Olympic sport, was established at the 1908 Summer Olympics in London, men's and women's pair skating have been Olympic events, along with men's and women's single skating.
4. Pair skating was first featured in the ISU World Figure Skating Championships in 1908.


Instruction: Which cryptography libraries support SHA-2?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Which cryptography libraries support SHA-2?

### Input:
Below is a list of cryptography libraries that support SHA-2:

Botan
Bouncy Castle
Cryptlib
Crypto++
Libgcrypt
Mbed TLS[45][46]
libsodium
Nettle
LibreSSL
OpenSSL
GnuTLS
wolfSSL
Hardware acceleration is provided by the following processor extensions:

Intel SHA extensions: Available on some Intel and AMD x86 processors.
VIA PadLock
ARMv8 Cryptography Extensions [47]
IBM z/Architecture: Available since 2005 as part of the Message-Security-Assist Extensions 1 (SHA-256) and 2 (SHA-512)[48]
IBM Power ISA since Since v 2.07

### Response:

Input:
Below is a list of cryptography libraries that support SHA-2:

Botan
Bouncy Castle
Cryptlib
Crypto++
Libgcrypt
Mbed TLS[45][46]
libsodium
Nettle
LibreSSL
OpenSSL
GnuTLS
wolfSSL
Hardware acceleration is provided by the following processor extensions:

Intel SHA extensions: Available on some Intel and AMD x86 processors.
VIA PadLock
ARMv8 Cryptography Extensions [47]
IBM z/Architecture: Available since 2005 as part of the Message-Security-Assist Extensions 1 (SHA-256) and 2 (SHA-512)[48]
IBM Power ISA since Since v 2.07

Output:
Libraries that support SHA-2:
Botan
Bouncy Castle
Cryptlib
Crypto++
Libgcrypt
Mbed TLS[45][46]
libsodium
Nettle
LibreSSL
OpenSSL
GnuTLS
wolfSSL


Instruction: Name some of the bravolebrities from Southern Charm

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Name some of the bravolebrities from Southern Charm

### Response:

Output: Austen Kroll, Craig Conover, Kathryn Dennis, Leva Bonaparte, Madison LeCroy, Marcie Hobbs, Naomie Olindo, Olivia Flowers, Patricia Altschul, Shep Rose, Taylor Ann Green and Venita Aspen


Instruction: What are some edible weeds that grow well in Maryland?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
What are some edible weeds that grow well in Maryland?

### Response:

Output: Many edible plants grow well in Maryland without human intervention including chickweed, purslane, dandelion, and lamb's quarters. All of these plants may volunteer in a typical suburban yard or empty lot and will grow without being watered or tended to. They are all edible and nutritious.


Instruction: how to express love without saying it out loud?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
how to express love without saying it out loud?

### Response:

Output: The book Five Love Languages talks about ways to express and experience love between partners are compliments, quality time, gifting, acts of service, physical touch. Although you do need to speak out your compliments, the other four can be done without a word. Some people also claim that preparing food and enjoying food together is another good way of bonding. Other suggestions include having a date routine like watching favorite movies or going to a dance hall and dancing to some Barry White on a fixed day every month.


Instruction: Name some of the popular gaming consoles in the 2020s

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Name some of the popular gaming consoles in the 2020s

### Response:

Output: PlayStation 5, Xbox series X, Nintendo Switch, and Steam Deck


Instruction: Where does the suburb of Rozelle's name come from?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Where does the suburb of Rozelle's name come from?

### Input:
The name Rozelle and Rozelle Bay (often shown as "Rozella Bay" on old maps), originated from the parrots found in abundance at Rose Hill (near Parramatta) the first suburb of Sydney, established as a prime farming area for the new colony. The parrots, also in abundance in the inner west Bay area of Sydney, were commonly called "Rose Hill parrots" or "Rose-hillers" then Rosella.

### Response:

Input: The name Rozelle and Rozelle Bay (often shown as "Rozella Bay" on old maps), originated from the parrots found in abundance at Rose Hill (near Parramatta) the first suburb of Sydney, established as a prime farming area for the new colony. The parrots, also in abundance in the inner west Bay area of Sydney, were commonly called "Rose Hill parrots" or "Rose-hillers" then Rosella.

Output: The name Rozelle originated from the parrots found in abundance at Rose Hill the first suburb of Sydney. The parrots, also in abundance in the inner west Bay area of Sydney, were commonly called "Rose Hill parrots" or "Rose-hillers" then Rosella


Instruction: Do you prefer a Tesla model S or a Porsche Taycan

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Do you prefer a Tesla model S or a Porsche Taycan

### Response:

Output: Tesla model S and Porsche Taycan share many similarities. They are both premium electric vehicles starting from $80k. Some say that Tesla has a better acceleration speed with its best trim Plaid S of 0-100km/h in 2.3s, while the the Porsche Taycan Turbo S can do in 2.8s. However, some people prefer Porsche Taycan for its brand for luxury and better in-car furnitures.


Instruction: What is Apache Kafka?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
What is Apache Kafka?

### Response:

Output: Apache Kafka is a distributed event store and stream-processing platform. It is an open-source system developed by the Apache Software Foundation written in Java and Scala.


Instruction: How do I make great espresso?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
How do I make great espresso?

### Response:

Output: Making great espresso requires a few elements. Firstly, you need to start with freshly roasted, high quality coffee that's ground and brewed immediately thereafter. You need a burr grinder that's able to consistently grind coffee finely, with minimal heat and retention. Finally, you'll need to brew your coffee in an espresso machine, ideally one that has good temperature stability, uniform dispersion of water and the ability to extract at 9 bar of pressure.


Instruction: According to Greek mythology, who was the first woman on earth?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
According to Greek mythology, who was the first woman on earth?

### Response:

Output: Pandora


Instruction: Who is the Greatest male Tennis player of all time?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Who is the Greatest male Tennis player of all time?

### Response:

Output:
Here are few things to consider to come up with the player.
1. Player who has won most grand slams
2. Player who spent most time as world #1
3. Player who has won grand slams on all three surfaces (Hard, Clay, Grass)
4. Player who has won most year end ATP finals and also Olympics
5. Head to head wins between players

Based on this criteria, the greatest male tennis player of all time is Novak Djokovic. There are two other male players who are in contention: Roger Federer and Rafael Nadal. Novak and Nadal both have won 22 grand slams each. All three have a favorite surface (Grass for Roger, Clay for Nadal and Hard for Djokovic) but they won grand slams on all surfaces. Djokovic has the record of spending most time as world #1. He also has a better head-to-head record over Nadal and Federer. Djokovic and Roger share the record of winning most year end ATP Finals. Roger Federer kickstarted the golden age of Tennis and he is extremely popular for his skill, talent and grace with which he used to play. Roger won Wimbledon the highest number of times among all players. Nadal won French Open 14 times which is a record that potentially may never ever be broken. History will remember all three players for their contribution to Tennis and a lot of tennis fans are lucky to have been part of the Golden age of tennis.


Instruction: When was Lee Kuan Yew born and when did he rule as the Prime Minister of Singapore?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
When was Lee Kuan Yew born and when did he rule as the Prime Minister of Singapore?

### Input:
Lee Kuan Yew (16 September 1923 – 23 March 2015), born Harry Lee Kuan Yew, often referred to by his initials LKY, was a Singaporean lawyer, politician and statesman who served as the inaugural Prime Minister of Singapore between 1959 and 1990, and Secretary-General of the People's Action Party between 1954 and 1992. He was the Member of Parliament (MP) for the constituency of Tanjong Pagar from 1955 until his death in 2015. Lee is widely recognised as the founding father of Singapore.

### Response:

Input: Lee Kuan Yew (16 September 1923 – 23 March 2015), born Harry Lee Kuan Yew, often referred to by his initials LKY, was a Singaporean lawyer, politician and statesman who served as the inaugural Prime Minister of Singapore between 1959 and 1990, and Secretary-General of the People's Action Party between 1954 and 1992. He was the Member of Parliament (MP) for the constituency of Tanjong Pagar from 1955 until his death in 2015. Lee is widely recognised as the founding father of Singapore.

Output: Lee Kuan Yew was born on 16 September 1923 and he served as the inaugural Prime Minister of Singapore from 1959 to 1990.


Instruction: Where has the word ciao originated

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Where has the word ciao originated

### Input:
Ciao (/tʃaʊ/ CHOW, Italian: [ˈtʃaːo] (listen)) is an informal salutation in the Italian language that is used for both "hello" and "goodbye".

Originally from the Venetian language, it has entered the vocabulary of English and of many other languages around the world. Its dual meaning of "hello" and "goodbye" makes it similar to shalom in Hebrew, salaam in Arabic, annyeong in Korean, aloha in Hawaiian, drud (bedrud) in Persian, and chào in Vietnamese (the latter is a false cognate; the two words are not linguistically related despite sounding similar to each other).

### Response:

Input:
Ciao (/tʃaʊ/ CHOW, Italian: [ˈtʃaːo] (listen)) is an informal salutation in the Italian language that is used for both "hello" and "goodbye".

Originally from the Venetian language, it has entered the vocabulary of English and of many other languages around the world. Its dual meaning of "hello" and "goodbye" makes it similar to shalom in Hebrew, salaam in Arabic, annyeong in Korean, aloha in Hawaiian, drud (bedrud) in Persian, and chào in Vietnamese (the latter is a false cognate; the two words are not linguistically related despite sounding similar to each other).

Output:
Ciao is an informal salutation in the Italian language that is used for both "hello" and "goodbye".

Originally from the Venetian language, it has entered the vocabulary of English and of many other languages around the world. Its dual meaning of "hello" and "goodbye" makes it similar to shalom in Hebrew, salaam in Arabic, annyeong in Korean, aloha in Hawaiian, drud (bedrud) in Persian, and chao in Vietnamese (the latter is a false cognate; the two words are not linguistically related despite sounding similar to each other).


Instruction: Give me some ideas for a gender reveal

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Give me some ideas for a gender reveal

### Response:

Output:
Here are some ideas for a gender reveal-
Bursting a balloon with confetti in blue or pink colors
Cutting a cake with the icing in blue or pink colors
Blasting a party popper with blue or pink colors
Organize a personalized treasure hunt with final clue revealing the gender
Box of pink or blue color helium filled balloons


Instruction: What is graph theory?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
What is graph theory?

### Input:
In mathematics, graph theory is the study of graphs, which are mathematical structures used to model pairwise relations between objects. A graph in this context is made up of vertices (also called nodes or points) which are connected by edges (also called links or lines). A distinction is made between undirected graphs, where edges link two vertices symmetrically, and directed graphs, where edges link two vertices asymmetrically. Graphs are one of the principal objects of study in discrete mathematics.

### Response:

Input: In mathematics, graph theory is the study of graphs, which are mathematical structures used to model pairwise relations between objects. A graph in this context is made up of vertices (also called nodes or points) which are connected by edges (also called links or lines). A distinction is made between undirected graphs, where edges link two vertices symmetrically, and directed graphs, where edges link two vertices asymmetrically. Graphs are one of the principal objects of study in discrete mathematics.

Output: Graph theory is the study of graphs, which are mathematical structures used to model pairwise relations between objects.


Instruction: Given a reference text about the Salt River, tell me how long the river is and where it starts and finishes.

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Given a reference text about the Salt River, tell me how long the river is and where it starts and finishes.

### Input:
The Salt River is a formerly navigable hanging channel of the Eel River which flowed about 9 miles (14 km) from near Fortuna and Waddington, California, to the estuary at the Pacific Ocean, until siltation from logging and agricultural practices essentially closed the channel. It was historically an important navigation route until the early 20th century. It now intercepts and drains tributaries from the Wildcat Hills along the south side of the Eel River floodplain. Efforts to restore the river began in 1987, permits and construction began in 2012, and water first flowed in the restored channel in October 2013.

### Response:

Input: The Salt River is a formerly navigable hanging channel of the Eel River which flowed about 9 miles (14 km) from near Fortuna and Waddington, California, to the estuary at the Pacific Ocean, until siltation from logging and agricultural practices essentially closed the channel. It was historically an important navigation route until the early 20th century. It now intercepts and drains tributaries from the Wildcat Hills along the south side of the Eel River floodplain. Efforts to restore the river began in 1987, permits and construction began in 2012, and water first flowed in the restored channel in October 2013.

Output: The Salt River is about 9 miles long and starts near Fortuna and Waddington California and flows into the Pacific Ocean.


Instruction: We are going to the zoo and need you to tell us which animals belong in which section. The animals are alligator, bald eagle, elephant, hippopotamus, camel, frog, penguin, and zebra. The sections are amphibians, birds, mammals, and reptiles.

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
We are going to the zoo and need you to tell us which animals belong in which section. The animals are alligator, bald eagle, elephant, hippopotamus, camel, frog, penguin, and zebra. The sections are amphibians, birds, mammals, and reptiles.

### Response:

Output: The alligator is a reptile. The Bald Eagle and Penguin are birds. Camel and elephant are mammals. The frog is an amphibian.


Instruction: How does one get accepted into a United States federal academy like West Point.

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
How does one get accepted into a United States federal academy like West Point.

### Response:

Output: In order to get excepted into a United States Federal Academy, one has to receive a nomination either from a congressman, senator, or president. The process is long and requires patience, but can be rewarding.


Instruction: Why do people like macaroni and cheese and how is it made?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Why do people like macaroni and cheese and how is it made?

### Response:

Output: Macaroni and cheese is is a popular dish across the world that is widely regarded for its flavor and textural components. Macaroni and cheese is made with cooked pasta, usually elbow macaroni, and a cheese sauce. The cheese sauce is usually made by cooking a roux, which is a mixture of butter and flour, and then adding milk. Once thickened, cheese is added to the sauce. Some macaroni and cheese is stove top, meaning that it is not baked after the cheese sauce is mixed with the macaroni. However, the best dish is sprinkled with bread crumbs and baked in the oven until the top is crispy.


Instruction: From the text below, tell me where Mount Balinhard got its name.

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
From the text below, tell me where Mount Balinhard got its name.

### Input:
Mount Balinhard is a summit in Alberta, Canada.[1]

Mount Balinhard was named for a title bestowed on the Earl of Southesk.[2]

### Response:

Input:
Mount Balinhard is a summit in Alberta, Canada.[1]

Mount Balinhard was named for a title bestowed on the Earl of Southesk.[2]

Output: Balinhard was a title bestowed on the Earl of Southesk, from which Mount Balinhard gets its name.


Instruction: Who was Lionel Danthanarayana ?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Who was Lionel Danthanarayana ?

### Input:
Lionel Danthanarayana (born 24 August 1940 – died 30 July 1994 as ලයනල් දැරණියගල) [Sinhala]), popularly as stage name Lionel Deraniyagala, was an actor in Sri Lankan cinema and theater.[1] One of the most popular villain artists ever in Sri Lankan film history, he had a career for more than three decades as the antagonist.

### Response:

Input: Lionel Danthanarayana (born 24 August 1940 – died 30 July 1994 as ලයනල් දැරණියගල) [Sinhala]), popularly as stage name Lionel Deraniyagala, was an actor in Sri Lankan cinema and theater.[1] One of the most popular villain artists ever in Sri Lankan film history, he had a career for more than three decades as the antagonist.

Output: Lionel Danthanarayana was bor on August 24, 1940.   He was a famous Sri Lankan Cinema and theatre actor.   He is considered one of the most famous Sri Lankan viillain artists, and spent more than three decades as the antagonist.


Instruction: In 1961 which Henry Mancini record won Grammy record of year

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
In 1961 which Henry Mancini record won Grammy record of year

### Response:

Output: Moon River


Instruction: Which city will host the 2024 Summer Olympics?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Which city will host the 2024 Summer Olympics?

### Response:

Output: The 2024 Summer Olympics will be hosted mainly at Paris from 26 July to 11 August 2024, with other 16 cities spread across Metropolitan France and one in Tahiti as subsites.


Instruction: What are some of the top places to visit in Switzerland?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
What are some of the top places to visit in Switzerland?

### Response:

Output: Switzerland is an amazing country with many popular tourist attractions. Cities to visit include Zurich, Geneva, Lucerne, and Zermatt. During the summer months, you can hike in the mountains near Bern or Interlaken. Tourists will often take a ferry ride across Lake Geneva in the summer of visit Chateau de Chillon. There are beautiful waterfalls that form from the snow melt in the valleys. In the winter, it is popular to go skiing or snowboarding in the Swiss Alps, particularly in Zermatt and St. Moritz.


Instruction: Based on this paragraph about the Ming treasure voyages, who commanded the fleet?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Based on this paragraph about the Ming treasure voyages, who commanded the fleet?

### Input:
The Ming treasure voyages were the seven maritime expeditions undertaken by Ming China's treasure fleet between 1405 and 1433. The Yongle Emperor ordered the construction of the treasure fleet in 1403. The grand project resulted in far-reaching ocean voyages to the coastal territories and islands in and around the South China Sea, the Indian Ocean, and beyond. Admiral Zheng He was commissioned to command the treasure fleet for the expeditions. Six of the voyages occurred during the Yongle reign (r. 1402–24), while the seventh voyage occurred during the Xuande reign (r. 1425–1435). The first three voyages reached up to Calicut on India's Malabar Coast, while the fourth voyage went as far as Hormuz in the Persian Gulf. In the last three voyages, the fleet traveled up to the Arabian Peninsula and East Africa.

### Response:

Input: The Ming treasure voyages were the seven maritime expeditions undertaken by Ming China's treasure fleet between 1405 and 1433. The Yongle Emperor ordered the construction of the treasure fleet in 1403. The grand project resulted in far-reaching ocean voyages to the coastal territories and islands in and around the South China Sea, the Indian Ocean, and beyond. Admiral Zheng He was commissioned to command the treasure fleet for the expeditions. Six of the voyages occurred during the Yongle reign (r. 1402–24), while the seventh voyage occurred during the Xuande reign (r. 1425–1435). The first three voyages reached up to Calicut on India's Malabar Coast, while the fourth voyage went as far as Hormuz in the Persian Gulf. In the last three voyages, the fleet traveled up to the Arabian Peninsula and East Africa.

Output: Based on this text, Admiral Zheng He commanded the Ming treasure voyages.


Instruction: What should you pay attention to when buying a house?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
What should you pay attention to when buying a house?

### Response:

Output: First of all, location matters a lot. You want to be in a safe neighborhood for your family, and with high school ratings so your children can go to the best schools and get the best education. Secondly, the price matters of course. A good metric to look at is the price per square foot when you are comparing multiple houses. You will usually decide a price range that you could afford, and then start filtering down the houses on the market based on your location choice. Last but not the least, the style and design of the house obviously matters a lot. Some people prefer open floor plan, while some people prefer older classical style of buildings. For example, you may like 2 story building designs better than 1 story design, while others would prefer to choose the opposite.


Instruction: Can you castle if the rook previously moved

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Can you castle if the rook previously moved

### Input:
Once per game, each king can make a move known as castling. Castling consists of moving the king two squares toward a rook of the same color on the same rank, and then placing the rook on the square that the king crossed.

Castling is permissible if the following conditions are met:[1]

Neither the king nor the rook has previously moved during the game.
There are no pieces between the king and the rook.
The king is not in check and does not pass through or land on any square attacked by an enemy piece.
Castling is still permitted if the rook is under attack, or if the rook crosses an attacked square.

### Response:

Input:
Once per game, each king can make a move known as castling. Castling consists of moving the king two squares toward a rook of the same color on the same rank, and then placing the rook on the square that the king crossed.

Castling is permissible if the following conditions are met:[1]

Neither the king nor the rook has previously moved during the game.
There are no pieces between the king and the rook.
The king is not in check and does not pass through or land on any square attacked by an enemy piece.
Castling is still permitted if the rook is under attack, or if the rook crosses an attacked square.

Output:
No.
In order to castle, the king and the rook involved in the move, must have never moved previously in the game.


Instruction: Given this paragraph about Jiu-Jitsu, who taught Carlos Gracie.

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Given this paragraph about Jiu-Jitsu, who taught Carlos Gracie.

### Input:
Brazilian jiu-jitsu was initially developed in 1925 by Brazilian brothers Carlos, Oswaldo, Gastão Jr., George, and Hélio Gracie, after Carlos was taught jiu-jitsu by a travelling Japanese judoka, Mitsuyo Maeda, who himself mastered his ground fighting while interacting with Taro Miyake (Tanabe student), Sadakazu Uyenishi (Handa, Tanabe) and Yukio Tani (Tenjin Shinyo-ryu) and catch wrestlers in Europe.

### Response:

Input: Brazilian jiu-jitsu was initially developed in 1925 by Brazilian brothers Carlos, Oswaldo, Gastão Jr., George, and Hélio Gracie, after Carlos was taught jiu-jitsu by a travelling Japanese judoka, Mitsuyo Maeda, who himself mastered his ground fighting while interacting with Taro Miyake (Tanabe student), Sadakazu Uyenishi (Handa, Tanabe) and Yukio Tani (Tenjin Shinyo-ryu) and catch wrestlers in Europe.

Output: Mitsuyo Maeda


Instruction: Who formed the rock group One Day as a Lion?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Who formed the rock group One Day as a Lion?

### Input:
One Day as a Lion was an alternative rock supergroup that was started in 2008 by Zack de la Rocha, the vocalist of Rage Against the Machine, and Jon Theodore, former drummer of The Mars Volta and current drummer of Queens of the Stone Age. The duo blended elements of rock and hip hop. One Day as a Lion released their eponymous debut EP in July 2008 on the Anti- label. The band's name comes from a quote by Benito Mussolini

### Response:

Input: One Day as a Lion was an alternative rock supergroup that was started in 2008 by Zack de la Rocha, the vocalist of Rage Against the Machine, and Jon Theodore, former drummer of The Mars Volta and current drummer of Queens of the Stone Age. The duo blended elements of rock and hip hop. One Day as a Lion released their eponymous debut EP in July 2008 on the Anti- label. The band's name comes from a quote by Benito Mussolini

Output: Zack de la Rocha and Jon Theodore


Instruction: What is the standard tuning of an electric guitar?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
What is the standard tuning of an electric guitar?

### Response:

Output: The standard tuning of an electric guitar beginning with the 6th string going down the 1st string is EADGBE


Instruction: Classify each of the following as either ski gear or swim gear: fins, pull buoy, bib, bindings, gloves, kickboard, neck gator, boots, and parka.

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Classify each of the following as either ski gear or swim gear: fins, pull buoy, bib, bindings, gloves, kickboard, neck gator, boots, and parka.

### Response:

Output: The items used for skiing include bib, bindings, gloves, neck gator, and boots. The items used for swimming include fins, pull buoy, kickboard, and parka.


Instruction: How to survive the zombie apocalypse ?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
How to survive the zombie apocalypse ?

### Response:

Output:
-Picking the right group of collaborative survivors is key to success
-Have an open mind, learn to work better with strangers
-Learn a new survival skill - Sewing , cooking , fishing, hunting , farming
-Have a well stocked survival bag that has food and water for at least a week
-Learn how to use a firearm
-Take a self defense class
-Mark out several safe areas you can seek shelter in
-Learn basic DIY skills, plumbing, electrical maintenance and carpentry
-Pick the right shoes, comfortable for daily usage but also provide protection from nails, rocks and other dangerous objects


Instruction: Which of the following are periodic elements: Ti, N, Pt, Fl, Zt, 1L, 2y, O, F, V, Y

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Which of the following are periodic elements: Ti, N, Pt, Fl, Zt, 1L, 2y, O, F, V, Y

### Response:

Output: The following are periodic elements: Ti, N, Pt, Fl, O, F, V, Y


Instruction: Identify which car manufacturer is Chinese or American: Ford, Higer

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Identify which car manufacturer is Chinese or American: Ford, Higer

### Response:

Output: Ford is American, Higer is Chinese


Instruction: How can I ensure exactly-once delivery when reading data from Kafka with Spark?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
How can I ensure exactly-once delivery when reading data from Kafka with Spark?

### Response:

Output: To ensure exactly once delivery, you can use the idempotent producer setting in Kafka and the checkpointing mechanism in Spark Structured Streaming. This is possible to achieve if your sink is a delta table, but not if the sink is another Kafka topic.


Instruction: What is Herd Immunity?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
What is Herd Immunity?

### Response:

Output: It’s a form of indirect protection from infectious disease that occurs when a large %age of a population has become immune to an infection, thereby providing a measure of protection for individuals who are not immune


Instruction: Given a reference text about Philip, Duke of Parma, who were his parents?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Given a reference text about Philip, Duke of Parma, who were his parents?

### Input:
Philip, Duke of Parma

Philip (Spanish: Felipe, Italian: Filippo; 15 March 1720 – 18 July 1765) was Duke of Parma from 18 October 1748 until his death in 1765. He was born a Spanish infante, being the second son of King Philip V and Elisabeth Farnese. The Duchy of Parma had been ruled by the House of Farnese, Queen Elisabeth's family. Philip founded the House of Bourbon-Parma, a cadet line of the House of Bourbon. He was a first cousin and son-in-law of the French king Louis XV.

### Response:

Input:
Philip, Duke of Parma

Philip (Spanish: Felipe, Italian: Filippo; 15 March 1720 – 18 July 1765) was Duke of Parma from 18 October 1748 until his death in 1765. He was born a Spanish infante, being the second son of King Philip V and Elisabeth Farnese. The Duchy of Parma had been ruled by the House of Farnese, Queen Elisabeth's family. Philip founded the House of Bourbon-Parma, a cadet line of the House of Bourbon. He was a first cousin and son-in-law of the French king Louis XV.

Output: Philip, Duke of Parma's parents were King Philip V and Elisabeth Farnese.


Instruction: Which of the following are continents: Asia, Africa, China, Australia, United States of America, North America, Sri Lanka, Thailand.

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Which of the following are continents: Asia, Africa, China, Australia, United States of America, North America, Sri Lanka, Thailand.

### Response:

Output: The continents are: Asia, Africa, Australia, and North America.


Instruction: Which of the following animals is a marsupial: kangaroo, zebra, or elephant?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Which of the following animals is a marsupial: kangaroo, zebra, or elephant?

### Response:

Output: Of the animals listed, kangaroo is the only marsupial.


Instruction: What was the first Pink Floyd album

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
What was the first Pink Floyd album

### Response:

Output: Piper at the gates of dawn


Instruction: Which of these are helpful for starting a fire and which are better for putting out a fire: water, dirt, matches, dry newspaper, sticks, charcoal lighter fluid, and human pee.

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Which of these are helpful for starting a fire and which are better for putting out a fire: water, dirt, matches, dry newspaper, sticks, charcoal lighter fluid, and human pee.

### Response:

Output: The following items are helpful for starting a fire: matches, dry newspaper, sticks, and charcoal lighter fluid. These items are useful for putting out a fire: water, dirt, and human pee.


Instruction: Describe how you would approach a corporate rebrand. Share your objectives, timeline, required budget and resources, and how you would measure your success.

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Describe how you would approach a corporate rebrand. Share your objectives, timeline, required budget and resources, and how you would measure your success.

### Response:

Output:
You should approach a rebrand by partnering with a creative agency to develop a polished, scalable version of a company story, which would likely be a 4-6 month project.

Objective: Develop the corporate story — who you are as a company, your vision and mission, what you believe, what you do and how you do it — while also partnering with various teams across the business to ensure the corporate story is married with the product story, differentiators, and the solutions and value you provide to customers. The result should be an authentic representation of the company.

Timeline: A rebrand project would include 6-8 weeks of discovery (conducting a formal audit of the company's current brand and interviews with team members, customers and partners), leading to multiple weeks of reviews, eventually resulting in a brand identity and brand book to share the updated brand with your employee base.

Resources and budget: Estimated $300,000 - 500,000 (cost varies widely and depends on the size of the firm and scope of project). In order for this project to be successful, secure upfront executive buy-in and alignment, and time from the executive team starting at the discovery phase through reviews and the final debut.

Measurement: Unfortunately, it’s difficult to assign a quantitative metric to measure the success of a rebrand and messaging project, so put qualitative measurements in place for the short-term, assessing how well you captured how your customers think of your company, and how well you captured the vision for the future. In the long-term, invest in brand awareness surveys and track NPS scores.


Instruction: If you had a chance to go on a trip to Mars, would you - why or why not?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
If you had a chance to go on a trip to Mars, would you - why or why not?

### Response:

Output:
This is an amazingly difficult question to answer. On the one hand, it should be a non brainer - if offered, I would love to have the opportunity to go where no person has gone before, create history and be part of the team that creates hope for the survival of the human race when planet earth can no longer sustain us. I would love to build a future for our next generations, and I cannot think of a more noble goal that is also so thrilling and exhilarating.

And yet, I also flinch from the thought of leaving my loved ones behind. Is it selfish of me to try and solve larger issues where I am a mere cog-in-the-wheel, and run away from the real issues that I can actually solve for my family? Am I being impractical or idealistic, especially when I may never see my family in the real world again - both because of the time it would take for a return journey and the risks involved.

I dare say, I am glad I don't have to make this decision, just yet!


Instruction: From the given text, Provide some info regarding consistory

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
From the given text, Provide some info regarding consistory

### Input:
In the Roman Catholic Church a consistory is a formal meeting of the College of Cardinals called by the pope. There are two kinds of consistories, extraordinary and ordinary. An "extraordinary" consistory is held to allow the pope to consult with the entire membership of the College of Cardinals. An "ordinary" consistory is ceremonial in nature and attended by cardinals resident in Rome. For example, the pope elevates new cardinals to the College at a consistory; Pope Francis has called consistories for ceremonies of canonization.

### Response:

Input: In the Roman Catholic Church a consistory is a formal meeting of the College of Cardinals called by the pope. There are two kinds of consistories, extraordinary and ordinary. An "extraordinary" consistory is held to allow the pope to consult with the entire membership of the College of Cardinals. An "ordinary" consistory is ceremonial in nature and attended by cardinals resident in Rome. For example, the pope elevates new cardinals to the College at a consistory; Pope Francis has called consistories for ceremonies of canonization.

Output:
1. A consistory is a formal gathering of the College of Cardinals in the Roman Catholic Church that is summoned by the pope.
2. Consistories come in two varieties: remarkable and ordinary.
3. The pope can consult with the full College of Cardinals by calling a "extraordinary" consistory.
4. Cardinals who live in Rome attend "ordinary" consistories, which are ceremonial in nature.
5. Pope Francis has convened consistories for canonization ceremonies, for instance, where he elevates new cardinals to the College of Cardinals.


Instruction: Which states produced more than 10% of total US oil production in 2020?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Which states produced more than 10% of total US oil production in 2020?

### Input:
The leading oil-producing area in the United States in 2019 was Texas (5.07 million barrels (806,000 m3) per day), followed by the offshore federal zone of the Gulf of Mexico (1.90 million barrels (302,000 m3) per day), North Dakota (1.42 million barrels (226,000 m3) per day) and New Mexico (0.90 million barrels (143,000 m3) per day).[3] In 2020, the top five U.S. oil producing states were Texas (43%), North Dakota (10.4%), New Mexico (9.2%), Oklahoma (4.1%), and Colorado (4.0%).[2]

### Response:

Input: The leading oil-producing area in the United States in 2019 was Texas (5.07 million barrels (806,000 m3) per day), followed by the offshore federal zone of the Gulf of Mexico (1.90 million barrels (302,000 m3) per day), North Dakota (1.42 million barrels (226,000 m3) per day) and New Mexico (0.90 million barrels (143,000 m3) per day).[3] In 2020, the top five U.S. oil producing states were Texas (43%), North Dakota (10.4%), New Mexico (9.2%), Oklahoma (4.1%), and Colorado (4.0%).[2]

Output: Texas and North Dakota produced 43% and 10.4% of US oil in 2020, respectively.


Instruction: How much wood could a woodchuck chuck if a woodchuck could chuck wood?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
How much wood could a woodchuck chuck if a woodchuck could chuck wood?

### Response:

Output: The answer to this depends on various factors.  If the wood if very heavy, a woodchuck may not be capable of chucking it at all.  If the pieces are smaller and the woodchuck was relatively young and spritely, then they could probably chuck at least 30 to 40lbs within a few hours.  An older woodchuck may no longer have dexterity in its hands or the sufficient strength needed to chuck any piece of wood regardless of its size or weight.


Instruction: Which of these cities are in Austria: Graz, Warsaw, Amsterdam, Vienna, New York, Jakarta

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Which of these cities are in Austria: Graz, Warsaw, Amsterdam, Vienna, New York, Jakarta

### Response:

Output: Out of the cities you listed, Graz and Vienna are in Austria.


Instruction: What is the emblem of the United States Marine Corps?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
What is the emblem of the United States Marine Corps?

### Response:

Output: Approved and adopted in 1868, the Eagle, Global and Anchor is the official emblem and insignia of the United States Marine Corps.


Instruction: What is the difference between mozzarella and cheddar?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
What is the difference between mozzarella and cheddar?

### Response:

Output: Mozzarella (or Mozz) can be served fresh, while cheddar is generally aged for some time to improve flavor before it is consumed.


Instruction: If you find yourself being pursued by a hungry bear in the woods, label each of these items in your backpack as either 'useful', 'not useful', or 'an unfortunate choice to pack':  a fish, a gun, a book, a hamburger.

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
If you find yourself being pursued by a hungry bear in the woods, label each of these items in your backpack as either 'useful', 'not useful', or 'an unfortunate choice to pack':  a fish, a gun, a book, a hamburger.

### Response:

Output: In such a situation, being pursued by a hungry bear in the woods, a fish would be 'not useful', a gun would be 'useful', a book would be 'not useful', and a hamburger would be 'an unfortunate choice to pack'.


Instruction: ways to reduce solid waste

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
ways to reduce solid waste

### Response:

Output:
Use biodegradable plates
Use reusable personal bottles
Use less plastic products
Use less detergent
Use more biodegradable FMCG products


Instruction: What was the name of Dorrie Nossiter's exhibition?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
What was the name of Dorrie Nossiter's exhibition?

### Input:
Dorrie Nossiter (29 June 1893 – 1977) was an English jeweller and jewellery designer from Aston, near Birmingham.

Nossiter crafted precious jewellery of her own designs in the English Arts and Crafts Tradition in both sterling silver and gold. Her work is known for her use of colour and floral and curvature lines using gemstones in motifs. She was predominantly active during the 1930s.[1]

Nossiter was educated at the Municipal School of Art in Birmingham from 1910 to 1914. Nossiter married Ernest Guy Robinson in 1922. By 1935 she was living in London where her work was shown in the "Art by Four Women" exhibition at Walker's Gallery, London. Nossiter would go on to exhibit there from 1935 to 1939.

Nossiter's work is often confused with that of another female jeweller and jewellery designer of the same period, Sibyl Dunlop.[2]

### Response:

Input:
Dorrie Nossiter (29 June 1893 – 1977) was an English jeweller and jewellery designer from Aston, near Birmingham.

Nossiter crafted precious jewellery of her own designs in the English Arts and Crafts Tradition in both sterling silver and gold. Her work is known for her use of colour and floral and curvature lines using gemstones in motifs. She was predominantly active during the 1930s.[1]

Nossiter was educated at the Municipal School of Art in Birmingham from 1910 to 1914. Nossiter married Ernest Guy Robinson in 1922. By 1935 she was living in London where her work was shown in the "Art by Four Women" exhibition at Walker's Gallery, London. Nossiter would go on to exhibit there from 1935 to 1939.

Nossiter's work is often confused with that of another female jeweller and jewellery designer of the same period, Sibyl Dunlop.[2]

Output: Dorrie Nossiter showed her work in the "Art by Four Women" exhibition at the Walker's Gallery in London, England.


Instruction: Identify which instrument is string or percussion: Gandingan, Psaltery

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Identify which instrument is string or percussion: Gandingan, Psaltery

### Response:

Output: Psaltery is string, Gandingan is percussion.


Instruction: What are the benefits of meditation?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
What are the benefits of meditation?

### Response:

Output: Meditation enhances focus, memory, and mood. Meditation has also been shown to have other benefits such as reducing the negative impacts of lack of sleep.


Instruction: Given a reference text about Adventfjorden, how wide and long is it?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Given a reference text about Adventfjorden, how wide and long is it?

### Input:
Adventfjorden (Advent Bay) is a 7 km long and 4 km wide bay running south-eastwards from the southern side of Isfjorden, on the west coast of Spitsbergen in Svalbard. The name represents a corruption of Adventure Bay - probably named after the Hull-built whaleship Adventure, which operated in Isfjorden in 1656. The fjord was originally[when?] known as Klass Billen Bay. At the head of Adventfjorden is Adventdalen (Advent Valley).

The former mining-camp of Longyearbyen (now Svalbard's main town) lies on the fjord's southwestern shore, while another former mining-camp, Hiorthhamn, is located on its northeastern shore.

### Response:

Input:
Adventfjorden (Advent Bay) is a 7 km long and 4 km wide bay running south-eastwards from the southern side of Isfjorden, on the west coast of Spitsbergen in Svalbard. The name represents a corruption of Adventure Bay - probably named after the Hull-built whaleship Adventure, which operated in Isfjorden in 1656. The fjord was originally[when?] known as Klass Billen Bay. At the head of Adventfjorden is Adventdalen (Advent Valley).

The former mining-camp of Longyearbyen (now Svalbard's main town) lies on the fjord's southwestern shore, while another former mining-camp, Hiorthhamn, is located on its northeastern shore.

Output: Adventfjorden is 4km wide and 7km long.