who was the first to study this?
Charles Darwin and Alfred Russel Wallace
Introduction
The scientific theory of evolution by natural selection was conceived independently by Charles Darwin and Alfred Russel Wallace in the mid-19th century and was set out in detail in Darwin's book "On the Origin of Species".
which of the following is the ultimate result of evolution UNANSWERABLE what is evolution? It is change in the heritable characteristics of biological populations over successive generations.
Charles Darwin and Alfred Russel Wallace Anaximander and Empedocles. The proposal that one type of organism could descend from another type goes back to some of the first pre-Socratic Greek philosophers, such as Anaximander and Empedocles.
Evolution Evolution Evolution
Introduction Classical times Classical times
The scientific theory of evolution by natural selection was conceived independently by Charles Darwin and Alfred Russel Wallace in the mid-19th century and was set out in detail in Darwin's book "On the Origin of Species". Anaximander and Empedocles.  The proposal that one type of organism could descend from another type goes back to some of the first pre-Socratic Greek philosophers, such as Anaximander and Empedocles. 
wiki:1595328
Evolution [SEP] Introduction
The scientific theory of evolution by natural selection was conceived independently by Charles Darwin and Alfred Russel Wallace in the mid-19th century and was set out in detail in Darwin's book "On the Origin of Species". Evolution by natural selection was first demonstrated by the observation that more offspring are often produced than can possibly survive. This is followed by three observable facts about living organisms: (1) traits vary among individuals with respect to their morphology, physiology and behaviour (phenotypic variation), (2) different traits confer different rates of survival and reproduction (differential fitness) and (3) traits can be passed from generation to generation (heritability of fitness).