when was the academy founded?
1863
National Academy of Sciences
 1863 
define species as a group of organisms that can reproduce to produce fertile offspring UNANSWERABLE what species means? A species is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of the appropriate sexes or mating types can produce fertile offspring,  In addition, paleontologists use the concept of the chronospecies since fossil reproduction cannot be examined. is there any famous concept followed regarding this? Yes, Most modern textbooks make use of Ernst Mayr's 1942 definition, known as the Biological Species Concept as a basis for further discussion on the definition of species. It is also called a reproductive or isolation concept. who was he? He was a renowned taxonomist, tropical explorer, ornithologist, philosopher of biology, and historian of science. when was he born? 5 July 1904 what other works has he done? He published "Systematics and the Origin of Species" what does it deal with? The book combines concepts of zoology and genetics, and features Mayr's biological species concept. The biological species concept defines a species in terms of biological factors such as reproduction, taking into account ecology, geography, and life history how was he honored? the National Academy of Sciences held a colloquium in honour of Mayr's 100th birthday. "Systematics and the Origin of Species: On Ernst Mayr's 100th Anniversary" was also published in commemoration. when? In December 2004
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National Academy of Sciences [SEP] Introduction
The group holds a congressional charter under Title 36 of the United States Code. Founded in 1863 as a result of an Act of Congress that was approved by Abraham Lincoln, the NAS is charged with "providing independent, objective advice to the nation on matters related to science and technology. … to provide scientific advice to the government 'whenever called upon' by any government department."