what are the examples of bacteria used to carry out this process?
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describe genetic engineering and give one example of it It is the direct manipulation of an organism's genes using biotechnology - the first GMO was a bacterium generated by Herbert Boyer and Stanley Cohen in 1973. what are the steps involved to execute this engineering process? Genetic engineers must first choose what gene they wish to insert into the organism - genetic screens can be carried out to determine potential genes and further tests then used to identify the best candidates. what are the apparatus and equipment needed to carry out this engineering process? Microarrays, transcriptomics and genome sequencing how is this engineering method applied in the pharmaceutical field? The manufacturing of drugs, creation of model animals that mimic human conditions and gene therapy - mass-produce human insulin in bacteria. and how is it applied in the field of farming? To create and use genetically modified crops or genetically modified livestock to produce genetically modified food. any examples of crops which can be genetically modified? The Amflora potato, soybeans, canola and tomato what are the benefits of the crops which are genetically produced this way? Increased production, increased tolerance to abiotic stresses, altering the composition of the food, or producing novel products. how can this process be of benefit to produce biofuels? Genetically engineered bacteria - making them perform tasks outside their natural cycle, such as making biofuels.
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Genetic engineering [SEP] Industrial
Organisms can have their cells transformed with a gene coding for a useful protein, such as an enzyme, so that they will overexpress the desired protein. Mass quantities of the protein can then be manufactured by growing the transformed organism in bioreactor equipment using industrial fermentation, and then purifying the protein. Some genes do not work well in bacteria, so yeast, insect cells or mammalians cells can also be used. These techniques are used to produce medicines such as insulin, human growth hormone, and vaccines, supplements such as tryptophan, aid in the production of food (chymosin in cheese making) and fuels.