what was the background history that inspired him to write this?
It was written against the "Anti-Federalist Papers" which criticized the proposition regarding the new Constitution.
The Federalist Papers
The Federal Convention (Constitutional Convention) sent the proposed Constitution to the Confederation Congress, which in turn submitted it to the states for ratification at the end of September 1787. On September 27, 1787, "Cato" first appeared in the New York press criticizing the proposition; "Brutus" followed on October 18, 1787. These and other articles and public letters critical of the new Constitution would eventually become known as the "Anti-Federalist Papers". In response, Alexander Hamilton decided to launch a measured defense and extensive explanation of the proposed Constitution to the people of the state of New York. 
who should be credited for the federal bill of rights James Madison. when was it framed? UNANSWERABLE was there a group that opposed it? Yes, the Anti-Federalists. Though initially it was opposed by the Federalists as well. did the afore-mentioned person write any "papers" regarding the latter group? No, it was rather in response to the former group. what was this document about? It was about influencing the voters to ratify the Constitution.
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The Federalist Papers [SEP] Origins
The Federal Convention (Constitutional Convention) sent the proposed Constitution to the Confederation Congress, which in turn submitted it to the states for ratification at the end of September 1787. On September 27, 1787, "Cato" first appeared in the New York press criticizing the proposition; "Brutus" followed on October 18, 1787. These and other articles and public letters critical of the new Constitution would eventually become known as the "Anti-Federalist Papers". In response, Alexander Hamilton decided to launch a measured defense and extensive explanation of the proposed Constitution to the people of the state of New York. He wrote in Federalist No.