what were the different social levels in the society?
Aristocracy, and the degree-holding literati, commoners - scholars, farmers, artisans and merchants, mean people - slaves or bondservants, entertainers (including prostitutes and actors), tattooed criminals, and those low-level employees of government officials.
Qing dynasty
According to statute, Qing society was divided into relatively closed estates, of which in most general terms there were five. Apart from the estates of the officials, the comparatively minuscule aristocracy, and the degree-holding literati, there also existed a major division among ordinary Chinese between commoners and people with inferior status. They were divided into two categories: one of them, the good "commoner" people, the other "mean" people who were seen as debased and servile. The majority of the population belonged to the first category and were described as "liangmin", a legal term meaning good people, as opposed to "jianmin" meaning the mean (or ignoble) people. Qing law explicitly stated that the traditional four occupational groups of scholars, farmers, artisans and merchants were "good", or having a status of commoners. On the other hand, slaves or bondservants, entertainers (including prostitutes and actors), tattooed criminals, and those low-level employees of gover
what did rulers of the ming and qing dynasties have in common The "Mingshi" – the official history of the Ming dynasty was compiled by the Qing dynasty. when did the first dynasty rose to power? 1368. was there any remarkable progress in terms of technology during their period? Yes, the telescope, the "Yuanjingshuo" ("Far Seeing Optic Glass") and the field mill. how many ministries did they have? Six. which were they? Personnel, Revenue, Rites, War, Justice, and Public Works. which natural calamities did they face? Famines, floods and eathquakes. which emperor consolidated the second dynasty? Kangxi Emperor. which were their administrative branches? Each province was administered by a governor (, "xunfu") and a provincial military commander (, "tidu"). Below the province were prefectures (, "fu") operating under a prefect (, "zhīfǔ"), followed by subprefectures under a subprefect. The lowest unit was the county, overseen by a county magistrate. The position of viceroy or governor-general (, "zongdu") was the highest rank in the provincial administration.
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Qing dynasty [SEP] Statuses in society
According to statute, Qing society was divided into relatively closed estates, of which in most general terms there were five. Apart from the estates of the officials, the comparatively minuscule aristocracy, and the degree-holding literati, there also existed a major division among ordinary Chinese between commoners and people with inferior status. They were divided into two categories: one of them, the good "commoner" people, the other "mean" people who were seen as debased and servile. The majority of the population belonged to the first category and were described as "liangmin", a legal term meaning good people, as opposed to "jianmin" meaning the mean (or ignoble) people.