who is the philosopher latter mentioned?
A Greek philosopher and polymath during the Classical period in Ancient Greece.
Aristotle
Aristotle (; "Aristotélēs", ; 384–322 BC) was a Greek philosopher and polymath during the Classical period in Ancient Greece. 
which of the following is essential for a trait to be an adaptation Phenotypic trait or adaptive trait what does the term adaptation refer to? n biology, adaptation has three related meanings; Firstly, it is the dynamic evolutionary process that fits organisms to their environment, enhancing their evolutionary fitness, Secondly, it is a state reached by the population during that process, Thirdly, it is a phenotypic trait or adaptive trait, with a functional role in each individual organism what does the first trait mean? A phenotypic trait is an obvious, observable, and measurable trait; it is the expression of genes in an observable way. what philosophical issues did it face? Adaptation raises philosophical issues concerning how biologists speak of function and purpose, as this carries implications of evolutionary history – that a feature evolved by natural selection for a specific reason – and potentially of supernatural intervention – that features and organisms exist because of a deity's conscious intentions. what is its origin? Historically, adaptation has been described from the time of the ancient Greek philosophers such as Empedocles and Aristotle
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Aristotle [SEP] Introduction
Little is known about his life. Aristotle was born in the city of Stagira in Northern Greece. His father, Nicomachus, died when Aristotle was a child, and he was brought up by a guardian. At seventeen or eighteen years of age he joined Plato's Academy in Athens and remained there until the age of thirty-seven (c. 347 BC). Shortly after Plato died, Aristotle left Athens and, at the request of Philip II of Macedon, tutored Alexander the Great beginning in 343 BC. He established a library in the Lyceum which helped him to produce many of his hundreds of books on papyrus scrolls.