who are responsible for the process?
Smithsonian Institution became the first organization to draw real-time surface analyses.
Surface weather analysis
Smithsonian Institution became the first organization to draw real-time surface analyses. 
what does surface weather analysis mean? A special type of weather map that provides a view of weather elements over a geographical area how is it done? By tracing the values of relevant quantities such as sea level pressure, temperature, and cloud cover onto a geographical map
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Surface weather analysis [SEP] Introduction
Use of surface analyses began first in the United States, spreading worldwide during the 1870s. Use of the Norwegian cyclone model for frontal analysis began in the late 1910s across Europe, with its use finally spreading to the United States during World War II.