when was it launched?
1959
Luna 1
"Luna 1" was launched as part of the Soviet Luna programme in 1959. 
what is the name of the moon on earth The name Luna is used in scientific writing can you list a few characteristics of it? It is a very slightly scalene ellipsoid due to tidal stretching, Its shape is more elongated. how does it's atmosphere look like? It has an atmosphere so tenuous as to be nearly vacuum and it varies with the lunar day. Its sources include outgassing and sputtering, a product of the bombardment of lunar soil by solar wind ions. how big is it? The Moon is an exceptionally large natural satellite relative to Earth: Its diameter is more than a quarter and its mass is 1/81 of Earth's. It is the largest moon in the Solar System relative to the size of its planet. does it have seasons in it? The Moon's solar illumination varies much less with season, the Moon's north pole may remain illuminated for the entire lunar day, Similarly, there are places that remain in permanent shadow at the bottoms of many polar craters, and these "craters of eternal darkness" are extremely cold were there any missions done by russia on it? Yes, Luna 1, Luna 2, Luna 9, Luna 24 and so on what was the first one about? It was the first spacecraft to reach the vicinity of Earth's Moon, and the first spacecraft to be placed in heliocentric orbit.
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Luna 1 [SEP] Introduction
Luna 1, also known as Mechta ( , "lit.": "Dream"), E-1 No.4 and "First Lunar Rover", was the first spacecraft to reach the vicinity of Earth's Moon, and the first spacecraft to be placed in heliocentric orbit. Intended as an impactor, "Luna 1" was launched as part of the Soviet Luna programme in 1959. However, due to an incorrectly timed upper stage burn during its launch, it missed the Moon, in the process becoming the first spacecraft to leave geocentric orbit. A malfunction in the ground-based control system caused an error in the rocket's burntime, and the spacecraft missed the target and flew by the Moon at a distance of 5900 km (more than three times the Moon's radius) at the closest point.