what happened to the latter mentioned country during the prehistoric times?
Mesolithic people settled in this region between 8000 and 7000 BC.
York
Archaeological evidence suggests that Mesolithic people settled in the region of York between 8000 and 7000 BC, although it is not known whether their settlements were permanent or temporary.
20. what brought europe out of the middle ages The Battle of Bosworth Field in 1485 where did this battle take place? It started at Houses of Lancaster and York but later extended across England.
wiki:19577320
York [SEP] Early history
Constantius I died in 306 AD during his stay in York, and his son Constantine the Great was proclaimed Emperor by the troops based in the fortress. In 314 AD a bishop from York attended the Council at Arles to represent Christians from the province. While the Roman "colonia" and fortress were on high ground, by 400 AD the town was victim to occasional flooding from the Rivers Ouse and Foss, and the population reduced. York declined in the post-Roman era, and was taken and settled by the Angles in the 5th century.