is this system used in any other countries?
Yes, in England, and South Korea,  to name a few.
Highway
. A highway is defined in English common law by a number of similarly-worded definitions such as "a way over which all members of the public have the right to pass and repass without hindrance" usually accompanied by "at all times"; ownership of the ground is for most purposes irrelevant thus the term encompasses all such ways from the widest trunk roads in public ownership to the narrowest footpath providing unlimited pedestrian access over private land.
odd interstate routes run primarily north and south Yes, in U.S.  generally, most north-to-south highways are odd-numbered, with the lowest numbers in the east, and the highest in the west. how are the names assigned for it? The official route log published by AASHTO , has been named "United States Numbered Highways" since its initial publication. Within the route log, "U.S. Route" is used in the table of contents, while "United States Highway" appears as the heading for each route.
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Highway [SEP] England and Wales
The general legal definition deals with right of use not the form of construction; this is distinct from e.g. the popular use of the word in the US. A highway is defined in English common law by a number of similarly-worded definitions such as "a way over which all members of the public have the right to pass and repass without hindrance" usually accompanied by "at all times"; ownership of the ground is for most purposes irrelevant thus the term encompasses all such ways from the widest trunk roads in public ownership to the narrowest footpath providing unlimited pedestrian access over private land.