what is farthest south?
It is the most  southerly latitude reached by explorers before the conquest of the South Pole in 1911.
Farthest South
Farthest South refers to the most southerly latitude reached by explorers before the conquest of the South Pole in 1911.
wiki:8436544
Farthest South [SEP] Introduction
Farthest South refers to the most southerly latitude reached by explorers before the conquest of the South Pole in 1911. Significant steps on the road to the pole were the discovery of lands south of Cape Horn in 1619, Captain James Cook's crossing of the Antarctic Circle in 1773, and the earliest confirmed sightings of the Antarctic mainland in 1820. From the late 19th century onward, the quest for Farthest South latitudes became in effect a race to reach the pole, which culminated in Roald Amundsen's success in December 1911. In the years before reaching the pole was a realistic objective, other motives drew adventurers southward.