did this area face colonization?
Yes, by the Spaniards.
Aztecs
After the siege and complete destruction of the Aztec capital, Cuahtémoc was captured on 13 August 1521, marking the beginning of Spanish hegemony in central Mexico. 
where is the aztec civilization located on a map Mesoamerica, which extends from approximately central Mexico through Belize, Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua, and northern Costa Rica. which era did this civilization contribute to? The civilization reached its peak in the post-classic period from 1300 to 1521.
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Aztecs [SEP] Final Aztec rulers and the Spanish conquest
Spaniards held Cuauhtémoc captive until he was tortured and executed on the orders of Cortés, supposedly for treason, during an ill-fated expedition to Honduras in 1525. His death marked the end of a tumultuous era in Aztec political history.