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StudyCorgi Psychology
Special Stages of Childhood Development
Topics: Child Development, Childhood Words: 1137 Pages: 4 Dec 30th, 2021
In the second half of the twentieth century, there appeared a great number of theories on child development investigating this issue from different angles. In particular, in the late seventies of the past century, Urie Bronfenbrenner suggested an ecological theory on child development in terms of cultural and social psychology (Blakemore and et al. 2008). According to this theory, the environment can be divided into several social systems with the child in the center. The layer that is located next to a child Bronfenbrenner is called microsystem consisting of several direct interactions in a family, in school or in a neighborhood. A set of characteristics possessed by a child influence other people in this environment and one of the affecting factors is the child's biology and gender. Other layers are mesosystem, ecosystem, macrosystem, and chronosystem (Bronfenbrenner 2005). Taking into consideration this classification, let us discuss how such a developmental issue as aggressive behavior is revealed at a very early age (for example 2-6 years) and in adolescence.
Very often, child aggression can be revealed if child observes this phenomenon at home in the form of punishment imposed by parents. Aggression can be also cultivated by the television programs and films displaying violent behavior, which is either approved or rewarded. Owing to the fact that a child of an early age is likely to emulate adult behavior, he/ she will surely repeat this pattern in future. The aggressive behavior may result in the observed parental violence thus acquiring a wrong association with it. The situation with adolescent aggression is a bit different, as reason for that lies not in heeding but in the lack of understanding on the parents' part. In other words, parents may provide distorted roles models for children thus making children create their own models of behavior. The absence of close family ties may lead to the emergence of violence and aggression as a socially accepted model of behavior (Siegel 2008, p. 95).
The mesosystem proposed by Bronfenbrenner's ecological theory implies the interaction of various parts of the environment influencing a child (Bronfenbrenner 2005). Hence, parents may communicate with other children's parents in neighborhood. According to the author, a successful communication of a child in mesosystem requires him/her to have strong and consistent supportive ground. For instance, if parents, teachers, and different organizations share similar views on family values, child development will be more beneficial.
Considering the above, the aggressive behavior revealed in this particular environment is the result of misbalance of moral and social norms among the parents and the parents of peers. A child of a very early age can provoke serious social and emotional problems to his/her peers for whom this behavior is alien. Such a situation may also generate violence in the kindergartens when a child does not know other methods of communication.
Due to the fact that adolescent generation is more subjected to the influence of an overt community, the aggressive behavior displayed at this age can even lead to juvenile delinquency and imprisonment. These consequences are first of all predetermined by the psychological atmosphere in the family. However, there is a possibility that aggression is generated by the community itself thus using violence as a usual language of communication. In particular, some of the peers can use aggression to compensate for their feelings of fear, despair, humiliation, and depression that further lead to a social isolation of a child.
Analyzing the influences that occurred in the ecosystem environment, children's development can be also affected by indirect factors. Hence, ecosystem may consist of the parents' outside experiences and views imposed by other parents (Bronfenbrenner 2005). Parents and teachers that directly communicate with children are influenced by other micro-and mesosystems. For example when one of the parents is dismissed from the work, he or she can send a negative message to a child. As a result, children can take those displays of aggression for granted. This situation will be even more vulnerable for adolescent children who perceive these acts of aggression at a more conscious age.
Different reactions of children on the displays of external aggression are also explained by the Piaget's theory of child development. According to his cognitive theory, Jean Piaget emphasizes that children's development is predominantly based on the knowledge acquisition. The process itself depends upon the principle of ideas developed as the main factor of maturing. Therefore, children under the age of 6 are at the stage of knowledge perception, which cannot be applied in practice due to the lack of experience (Slee, 2002, p. 64). Children over the age of 11 are more concerned with ideological problems, as they are capable to think logically. In this respect, aggressive behavior cannot be easily eliminated at this age.
The last but not the least layer is macrosystem that includes different subcultures a child lives in. This issue may refer to a certain cultural group or a country as a whole (Bronfenbrenner 2005). The analysis of cross-cultural relations between the ethnic groups shows that some communities are more violent and aggressive than others. In this case, a child's cultural environment can serve as the trigger point for acts of aggression (Sadock et al 2007 p. 46). The cultural beliefs usually include different habits and traditions cultivated in one group that can be alien to another. The violence may appear as the result of cross-communication. For example, little children can emulate the behavior when watching some TV programs, or they may display the behavior models that are culturally unaccepted in the kindergartens. In adolescence, a child may harbor misconception in case he/she fails to understand the actions thus negatively influencing his/her cultural development.
The chronosystem is the most detached part of the environment influencing child development (Bronfenbrenner 2005). Despite that, it is still closely interwoven into a child's behavior shaping. These chronological changes may involve the family moving to another place, or the birth of another child, or one of the parents gets an outside job (Blackmore et al. 2008). These alternations differently influence a child at two stages of development but the common thing is that the problem centers on a child's age. Hence, the child under the age of six can feel more disturbed if he/she has shared the parents' attention with another child. The same concern refers to adolescent children who are already less controlled by their parents. In both cases, the lack of attention generates aggression.
As it can be seen, be Bronfenbrenner's ecological theory make much sense, as it fosters a better understanding of the psychological process influencing child development. The main merit of this research lies in the analysis of psychological behavior of children in different natural, cultural, and ecological contexts. Considering the study of aggressive behavior among children of different ages, this theory has managed to clarify the major reasons for this problem.
Blackmore, O. J., Benerenbaum, S.A., Liben, L.S. (2008). Gender development. US: CRC Press.
Bronfenbrenner, U. (2005). Making human beings human: bioecological perspectives on human development. US:SAGE.
Sadock, B. J., Sadock, V. A., Levin, Z. (2007). Kaplan and Sadock study guide and self-examination in psychiatry. US: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
Siegel, L. J., and Welsh, B. C. (2008). Juvenile Delinquency: Theory, Practice, and Law. US: Cengage Learning.
Slee, P. T. (2002). Child, adolescent, and family development. Australia: Cambridge University Press.
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StudyCorgi. (2021, December 30). Special Stages of Childhood Development. Retrieved from https://studycorgi.com/special-stages-of-childhood-development/
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"Special Stages of Childhood Development." StudyCorgi, 30 Dec. 2021, studycorgi.com/special-stages-of-childhood-development/.
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StudyCorgi. (2021) 'Special Stages of Childhood Development'. 30 December.
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Ensuring the Right Drug at the Right Price
Indication-specific pricing makes therapy more affordable and accessible for all patients by aligning payment for a drug with the value it delivers to a particular patient population.
Harold Carter
Vice President, Strategy & Contracting
This week, the Institute for Clinical and Economic Review (ICER) published a white paper analyzing the potential for indication-specific pricing of medications in the U.S.
As drug costs continue to rise – especially for specialty medications – tools to manage drug trend are critical for payers. Indication-specific pricing makes therapy more affordable and accessible for all patients by aligning payment for a drug with the value it delivers to a particular patient population.
With the input of independent thought leaders like ICER's Dr. Steven Pearson, we launched the Oncology Care ValueSM program (OCV) earlier this year. While some oncology medications are indicated to treat multiple types of cancer, the cost of treatment may not align with its outcomes in each type. Additionally, some patients may not respond to therapy. The OCV Program protects payers from unnecessary spending while ensuring patients are treated with the right drug for their condition at the right price.
"As manufacturers, payers, and policy makers contemplate the potential merits of indication-specific pricing and approaches to it, it is clear that individual pilots, like that of Express Scripts, will be the most likely next steps forward," – Indication-specific Pricing of Pharmaceuticals in The U.S. Health Care System: A Report from the 2015 ICER Membership Policy Summit
Establishing a robust indication-specific pricing system is a complex undertaking that will take time, but it has advantages for patients, payers, providers and pharmaceutical manufacturers alike, according to the ICER analysis.
"There remained much support for its general goals and interest in its possibilities" among experts convened at an ICER Policy Summit, the white paper said. "Many will be watching (the Express Scripts oncology program) as a sentinel of the prospects for further development of indication-based pricing in the U.S."
To download the full white paper, click here.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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William Shakespeare's 'The Winter's Tale'
Story added 27th Oct 2017
Rehearsals from 'The Winter's Tale'
Following the success of Bollywood 'Twelfth Night', where we saw dancing in the aisles, the Build Theatre Company presents a new version of one of William Shakeapeare's most popular plays 'The Winter's Tale' - edited and directed by Petina Hapgood.
Wednesday 6 – Saturday 9 December 2017: 7:30pm (additional matinee Saturday 9 December: 2:30pm)
Tickets £12 or £8 concession (includes a drink) -
John Lyon's Theatre, Build, 1-10 Keeley Street, London WC2B 4BA
This electrifying version of "The Winter's Tale" begins in the bleak mid-winter. The story than rages across Europe, from court to country, from high tragedy to low comedy, across a time span of sixteen years. A fast-moving, action packed production, with atmospheric winter music. A modern-day fairytale - a story of jealousy and paranoia but ultimately of redemption and joyous voices joined in winter song. Come and Join us for a celebration of Shakespeare and Wintertime. See below for rehearsal images.
Rehearsals - November 2017
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У нашей организации интересный веб сайт на тематику продвижение в социальных сетях http://progressive.ua


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Organising for safety: How structure creates culture
Welcome to another episode of Embracing Differences with me Nippin Anand where I am joined by the world-leading safety scientist, Professor Andrew Hopkins, who takes the bull by the horns and helps us understand why we should be spending more time and effort to understand the structure of an organisation, in an intelligent but very accessible manner.
[00:00:00] Nippin Anand: Consider this – You have been on a Safety Differently, Safety II, New View or a HOP course and you come out absolutely transformed. You found answers to so many questions that have bothered you for so many years as a HSE professional. After a reflective weekend, you get back to the office. Your boss walks up to you and asks "Hey man! How was the course last week? You tell him everything you have learned and how you spend the entire weekend thinking about how many great ideas you've had in mind for your next site visit and you make a strong business case, not just a safety case for what you say. Your boss looks at you incurious and disinterested and "Says sounds good! Can you please get that investigation closed out today? The CEO is expecting to present it to the board tomorrow and please keep it simple." as he walks away. It's more than six months you've been on the course and you read so many books but you still haven't had a chance to influence the desired change that you aim for.
[00:01:04]: If you're wondering what you might be missing to bring contemporary safety thinking into your organisation, this podcast will make absolute sense to you. In an organisation where senior leadership is rewarded a bonus that measures five times more than their salaries from bringing in new business and penalised a mere 3% cut in their annual salary when it comes to fatality. Convincing your bosses to switch from old to new view, Safety I to Safety II or human error to human performance, will only take you so far until you realise that you have hit the ceiling. It's a problem that most contemporary thinkers and safety scientists don't contemplate much less, discuss it openly in their world.
[00:01:47] Welcome to another episode of Embracing Differences with me, Nippin Anand where I'm joined by the world leading safety scientist Prof. Andrew Hopkins, who takes the bull by the horns and helps us understand why we should be spending more time in efforts to understand the structure of an organisation in an intelligent but very accessible manner. What I learned from Andrew Hopkins is that organisations are less about building relationships trust or a common language to communicate over concerns and more about understanding power relationships.
Of course, Hopkins avoid using abstract concepts like power greed or opacity. Instead, he builds upon a far more comprehensible and intuitively recognisable term – structure. Meaning, what incentivises or deters people in position of power to do what they do. Talking to another safety scientist and a great friend, Ivan Pupulidy just last week, I brought up my discussion Hopkins to him and said "Ivan, this is what Hopkins has to say!" Ivan responded to me saying "Come to think of it Nippin, we talk about local rationality. Why does it make sense for people to do what they do? How often do we attempt to make sense of board room decisions and the dynamics between the CEO and board members using the principles of local rationality?" Hmm. Brilliant point! Thank you, Ivan! So why are all our efforts to understand local rationality limited to workers and managers only? Hasn't this discourse about local rationality limited over framework of thinking? Listen to Andrew Hopkins you bet it would make you think and I always say this you have no reasons to believe Andrew or for that matter any so-called expert keep an open mind.
[00:03:32] Andrew Hopkins: Greetings to you all! My name is Andrew Hopkins, as you probably know I'm fascinated by the world of work, by industry and bring a sociological perspective to that. I am a sociologist; I've spent most of my life in the Australian National University in Canberra. Some of you'll might know of my books so it's a pleasure to be here today!
[00:03:53] Nippin Anand: Great! We are also very excited to have you. Would you like to give us an introduction to what is it that you want to talk about today?
[00:04:00] Andrew Hopkins: Yes, certainly. Thanks, Nippin. It's quite an opportunity you give me because I'd like to speak about my latest book* called, "Organising for safety: How structure creates culture" and in some respects that encapsulates an argument that I've been making in many of my books for years but I'm making it an all-concentrated way here then I have previously.
[00:04:22] So, let me start by saying, suppose you want to create a certain culture in your organisation. Say a culture that emphasizes safety, operational excellence or whatever it might be or seeking to create. The argument in my book in a nutshell is that to do this you need to set up the appropriate organisational structure. It's that structure which will give you the culture that you want. Now before I developed that I just want to acknowledge this is a controversial argument that there are other points of view around and then the leading one which I want to just mention is that the way you create a culture is by running educational campaigns the aim of which is to change the hearts and minds of people, to change the way they think, to change their values and that's a very frequent strategy which organisations adopt when they are seeking to change the culture of the organisation.
[00:05:18] To give you an example that comes from the petroleum company, Shell – A number of years ago now, they set out to change their culture, increase their focus on operational excellence and they ran what they called a 'hearts and minds campaign'. It was based upon the work of Patrick Hudson. Some of you will know his work and in particular his notion of the organisational maturity ladder or the safety culture ladder which divides the cultures of organisations into five different categories the lowest one is pathological and the highest one is generative which simply means high functioning safety culture.
[00:05:52] So, their aim was to move their organisation up that ladder. They did this by running their campaign, they put all their 250,000 employees through educational campaign and it was successful in some respects people learned the language of the maturity scale alert about pathological cultures and generative cultures they could use that language but nothing changed significantly in the organisation.
[00:06:18] Patrick Hudson, the author of this approach of this, wrote later an analysis of it and what he said was that nothing changed because the organisational structure had changed. What they needed to do was to set in place systems of reward and recognition which would encourage those behaviours which they were seeking to create but they hadn't done that so nothing has changed. There are many other stories in BP who had a similar experience which I won't talk about now, but that's the background which leads me to think structural change which is vital.
[00:07:00] So, I want to give you an example of what I'm talking about. The first one comes from NASA- The National Aeronautics and Space Administration in the US. It concerns the space shuttle, Columbia, that shuttled in 2003 was destroyed when it to return to earth and seven astronauts died. What happened was that pieces of external cladding off an external fuel tank foam cladding fell off the fuel tank at the time of launch and hit the shuttle and dented the surface of the shuttle. Now this was happening routinely at launch so there were a lot of these dents on the shuttle but certainly wasn't the designers but because it happened routinely without damage each had been normalised. This deviation or what I'd call an anomaly had been normalised and it was now seen as acceptable risk. On the occasion in question with this particular launch in 2003, a piece of foam fell off the external fuel tank and hit the leading edge of the wing of the shuttle and made a hole in that leading edge so the wind shuttle returned to the earth atmosphere, the air rushed into that hole and heated up the shuttle and destroyed it.
[00:08:17] Now there was a major inquiry into this at Columbia Accident Investigation. It was I guess a recognition of the culture of the organisation that was the problem. That was their primary focus as they described. It as a broken culture. The culture of NASA was – faster, better, cheaper – with no mention of safety there. So that from safety point of view this was a broken culture. Not it's interesting to me that's their analysis the root cause of the problem is the broken culture. So what's this solution? How do you change a culture? The way you change that culture is by making an organisational change.
[00:08:59] What they recommended was the creation of particular organisational entity within NASA, a technical engineering authority which would sit outside of the shuttle launch organisation. So it was not constrained by questions of cost or schedule which dominated the operation of the launch of the shuttle organisation. They sit outside that and had the authority to intervene within shuttle organisation on technical questions. It would determine what was anomalous and was not, what needed to be done about anomalies and that would ensure that kind of normalisation which occurred in the Colombia case would not occur again.
[00:09:38] So that's a very good example I think of what I mean by organisational change which is needed to create the culture you want. It's interesting that the board drew on the US submarine Navy as its primary example. This is a much-celebrated case which many theorists go back to because in 1963 which is more that 50 years ago. The first nuclear submarine was introduced into the Navy and they lost a nuclear submarine in peacetime accident couldn't afford to do this. Turns out they had been losing submarines in peacetime accidents at a remarkable rate about 1 every three years since in the previous 50 odd years. So, a colossal rate of summary loss they put up with and they realised they couldn't continue so they introduced this programme at 'sub safe' which was again an external organisation standing outside of the submarine operations still within Navy of course, but outside of submarine operations and with the authority to intervene within the submarine programme – It's normal operations.
[00:10:53] And since that time there have been no submarine losses with one possible exception but basically no submarine losses in peacetime since. So that's if you like a piece of empirical evidence for how effective that kind of intervention is or can be. So that's really the what lies behind my view that a culture of operational excellence does depend on having that kind of organisational structure where there is a technical organisation separated from the routine up day to day operations but that technical organisation has authority to intervene in the way I've described.
[00:11:32] Now the main case study in my book is BP. I've studied the oil company BP after the Macondo which was the name of the oil well which blew out in 2010 in the Gulf of Mexico. What's really interesting about case study is it's before and after because they entirely changed their organizational structure as a result of the accident. I think it killed 11 people but it also did cost more than 60 billion US dollars and had almost destroyed the company and quite interesting that it's when companies have a near death experience like this that they make the kinds of organisational changes.
[00:12:13] So, let me just talk about this before and after comparison. Before the accident, BP was a highly decentralised organisation. It was probably the most decent realised all the oil and gas companies. So, its operations in the Gulf of Mexico, of course it's a worldwide company but it had operations in the Gulf of Mexico and that operation functioned as pretty much no autonomous company. it was responsible to head office for making money of course, other than that, the central corporate structure did not exercise control over what was going on in the Gulf of Mexico. In particular, did not exercise any control over the quality of engineering. So, it's engineers there were under control as an independent business unit. These engineers were under constant pressure to save money and cut corners. That's really one of the root causes what happened because when they're under those pressures they do cut corners and they stop asking what is good engineering practise and they start asking a subtly different question which is – What is good enough?
[00:13:30] I hope you can understand very different question which leads to the erosion of quality, overtime. So, I would describe the culture of BP in the Gulf of Mexico, the culture of engineers as a cavalier culture or a careless culture. Digging into that a little more deeply to understand why that happened we have to understand the reporting structures within the organisation.
[00:13:58] So those engineers were reporting directly to line managers and the result of that was that the performance agreements were with the line managers whose primary concern was profitable production. So, their bonuses were determined by cost cutting production. If that's the way you reward your engineers, then overtime, that becomes their mindset and that is what happened in the Gulf of Mexico.
[00:14:25] That said, the decentralise structure in the way that I've just described was really a very fundamental course clearly BP thought so too and that's why they changed their structure following that accident. The new structure was one in which the engineers, wherever they were in the world were under centralised controls from head office in London. No longer were they answerable to local commercial managers. They were providing services to them but they were answerable up an engineering functional line to a chief engineer, in effect in London and their career prospects would be determined on how well they perform in that context, not by commercial success in the local operation.
[00:15:13] So, that was one factor and the other was to do with safety in operational risk function which they had created. So, they had a centralise operational risk which means major accidents. So, they created a function called safety and major accident risk which was run out of London and had enormous control over what's going on in BP's far-flung empire. It had several 100 employees in this function who were embedded in business units around the world and sat on management teams in various levels and could influence decision making at various levels but who reported up their own separate functional line to head office operated very much like the technical engineering authority recommended by the Columbia Accident Investigation. To me that is a very important model and the most recent example would be Boeing. Boeing had lost two 737 Max aircrafts just a couple of years ago and again the fundamental cause of that was the decentralised operation business units within Boeing were operating more or less autonomously.
[00:16:41] However, Boeing has now changed that structure. So, its engineers no longer report to local business unit but there are reports up a separate line to a chief engineer who is independent of any of those business. So, they've learned and implemented the same lesson. There are some qualifications that are needed to make this argument now. For a structure like this, like the safety in operational risks function in BP, cannot guarantee safety, it cannot improve your chances operating safely and BP has had some significant near misses since introducing this new system but it hasn't had another major accident.
[00:17:25] It had two major accidents before introducing this new system – The Macondo accident and five years earlier than that we had the Texas city refinery disaster which killed 15 people and cost the company billions of dollars. But since the reorganisation, it has not had a major accident now that's probably not yet statistically significant. It's very encouraging for BP and for those who are following the BP model. But this organizational structural model I'm talking about can be undermined in various ways. The most obvious one is if you don't resource it properly, it won't function properly. So that's something you have to watch out for, you have to be aware that this is expensive. People will resist this model because it costs money and so that's a way one of the problems with trying to introduce a model like this. The second change will undermine his bonus arrangements which operating companies. if you reward or people who are whose primary function is risk management, if you reward those people on the basis of company productivity and profit you undermine the capacity to perform their risk management job integrity.
[00:18:37] There are many examples to support what I've just said but I don't have time to talk about that now. I think also, if your organisation is the one which discourages the reporting of bad news, if it does not encourage the reporting of bad news, this will also tend to undermine whatever systems you have in place.
[00:18:58] Finally, the attitude of the board or the company is critically important. If the board's primary concern is to protect itself from bad news then nothing is going to save the organization in the long run. I've had the experience talking to people on boards and I realise that's their primary concern. They don't want me to give them the bad news. The point I'm making it is, the companies which have had these near-death experiences introduced the kinds of changes that I'm talking about and that to me is a very powerful piece of evidence in support of what I'm saying.
[00:19:42] Before I finish, I'd like to broaden the discussion a bit and say that this notion, that organisational structure creates culture is much broader than safety and applies in situations which have nothing to do with safety. Let me give you 2 examples. One concerns a culture which I've studied or had exposure to is in the railways, is the culture of punctuality or what is often called 'on time running' and it's a very strong culture which is maintained in all kinds of ways.
[00:20:18] It's one of the striking things about the railway system is that on time running is an absolute value. They don't always succeed but is a very powerful drive to run on time. The way I became aware of it was when I was studying an accident in a railway system, where the driver had been speeding. The cause of the accident was driving speed and when we looked into why the driver did that, was because of power this 'on time culture'. He was running late so he had to speed, result of which was a derailment which killed around seven people. The question I then ask myself is "Where does this come from?" about the language that they used to describe this was "On time running is king!". That was the question that came up again and again in the enquiry. It was the structure of the organization that created this. First of all, there is public pressure that trains run on time which is translated to political pressure. Often there are regulators who will penalize train companies for not running on time. So, the organization has a whole structure to get people to run on time. There's inspectors, there's a signalling structure, they record the data on arrival time so they got to arrive at their destination say, within three minutes. If they don't there are questions asked, the drivers are interviewed. The company will normally monitor arrival times twice a day at peak hours so they absolutely on to this and that's the reason why this culture is paramount.
[00:20:51] The second example I want to give is McDonald's – the fast-food company. McDonald's has a highly decentralised business model. Its individual outlets are franchisers which means that McDonald's itself is the company is not really too committed to the success or failure of those franchisees. It's up to them to make money and to be profitable if they fail that's their problem, not really McDonald's. So, it's a highly decentralised business model from that point of view. What's really important to McDonald's is not the survival of any one of those franchise operations. It's the quality, predictability and uniformity in the service and the product.
[00:22:36] McDonald's controls that very closely and centrally. It has a system of inspectors and quality control so that anyone going to McDonald's store anyone in the world knows the quality of service which they are going to be receiving. So that's the point is that if something is really important to an organization, they will control it centrally. If it isn't important, they will allow more decentralization. So that is the main argument of my book.
[00:23:11] It includes more critiques along the way. I do critique of the anarchist school of safety which I associate with the names of Dekker and Hollnagel. That school is basically arguing that safety is best left to the workers and may be true in some circumstances but is certainly not true for major accident risk industries. I make a critique to the concept of 'visibly felt leadership' which is a term that's very fashionable at the moment. So, you'll find a lot of other kinds of ideas along the way. Thank you.
[00:23:50] Nippin Anand: The terms independence and authority, kept coming back in this conversation and one could argue in some ways that a safety department and most organisation actually is independent and seemingly has the authority to do what they are supposed to do.
Can you elaborate a bit more on this concept of independence and authority? What kind of authority are we talking about here?
[00:24:13] Andrew Hopkins: Yes, some of these very large organisations will have a director of safety who sits on the management board and in that they have a degree of independence from any of the business units. So that's a tick in that respect. However, they don't exercise real authority. Their role almost always is ultimately advisory. What you find is they'll say, "We set the standards we developed, particular standards in the corporate centre but we have a role in enforcing them. From time to time, we carry out audits but our fundamental role when it comes to dealing with the business units is advisory. We are resource which is available for those units if that's what they want but it is not our responsibility to ensure compliance with those standards and we don't have the authority to intervene a shut down AN operation if it's not in compliance with the standards." So that's what I mean when I say the role of a safety department doesn't always have the requisite authority.
[00:25:23] Nippin Anand: Great! Thank you! Thank you very much for that. I really enjoyed talking to you.
What do you think? I thought it was a top provoking session that challenges outdent many levels especially at the time when we have been bogged down by so many competing theories safety Sciences and this complexity narrative. After listening to Andrew Hopkins, I'm thinking why should leadership come to come to terms with admitting that there are recurring patterns of resource constraints or goal conflicts in everyday work or start to accept that there is a significant disconnect between boardroom thinking and control room realities. No matter how well we dress them up these are systemic problems that would always create brushed under the carpet if the rewards and incentives are not designed to make them visible and intelligible.
[00:26:17] So, thank you professor Andrew Hopkins for so many empirical examples and reminding us that any genuine attempt to improve safety should first begin with understanding and addressing the structure of our organisation and we should always start from the top. What is mode Hopkins's work extends far beyond safety to include quality, reliability, operational excellence, technical excellence and even the long-term survival of an organisation. Fascinating! If you find the podcast interesting, I invite you and encourage you to read and Hopkin's latest book, 'Organising for safety: how structure creates culture' and I've included the link below for you in this podcast transcription. So, thank you once again for listening to the podcast and next week I will bring you something even more interesting till, then bye bye!


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Will This Secret Weapon Wipe Out America? Cause Catastrophic Damage To The Nation's Electricity Grid, Resulting In Long-term, National Power Outages
Amy S. November 16, 2016 November 16, 2016 No Comments on Will This Secret Weapon Wipe Out America? Cause Catastrophic Damage To The Nation's Electricity Grid, Resulting In Long-term, National Power Outages
This Secret Weapon
Anyone familiar with Nikola Tesla's numerous experiments (especially those in Colorado Springs) would recognize that the strange Soviet super lightning bolts are probably the direct result of Russia's use of the fantastically high power Tesla-style weather warfare attacks, nuclear fusion development, and the related particle beam death ray development. Tesla personally created lightning bolts about 1735 feet long, about 77 years ago.
19 years after the explosion in 1908 the forest at 13 miles out from the epicenter.The article in the June, 1976 issue of RADIO ELECTRONIC MAGAZINE described current US experimentation in creating gigantic Tesla-style man-made lightning and ball lightning (in the search for a fusion energy solution). However, the U.S. experiment is relatively tiny, compared to the massive Soviet efforts.
Tom Bearden is the foremost Nikola Tesla researcher…
A nuclear engineer, war games analyst, and military tactician, Lieutenant Colonel Bearden has over 26 years experience in air defense systems, tactics and operations; technical intelligence, anti-radiation missile countermeasures; nuclear weapons employment, computerized war games; and military systems requirements.
He is currently with the Alabama division of a large aerospace company where he is involved in determining the future requirements for laser weapons.
Lieutenant Colonel Bearden obtained a Master of Science degree in nuclear engineering from the Georgia Institute of Technology and a Bachelor of Science degree in mathematics from Northeast Louisiana University. He is also a graduate of the U.S. Army Command and General Staff College and several U.S. Army artillery and missile schools.
He has had direct experience with tube artillery and with the Ajax, Hercules, Hawk, and Patriot missile systems and the production of technical intelligence on Soviet surface-to-air missile systems for the U.S. Army/Department of Defense.
RELATED : EMP Rumors of War – How A Successful EMP Attack Could Bring Down America
Tom holds a Sandan (third degree black belt) in Yoseikan aikido; is a singer, guitarist and songwriter; member of Mensa, Society for the Investigation of the Unexplained, Vestigia, the American Association of Meta-Science: and is on the board of governors of the U.S. Psychotronics Association. In addition, he is Alabama Director of a small nonprofit foundation, the Association of Distinguished American Scientists and is a MUFON adviser on nuclear engineering.
In January 1960, Khrushchev announced the development of a new, fantastic weapon—one so powerful it could wipe out all life on earth if unrestrainedly used. The New York Times printed part of the story. Khrushchev, of course, was referring to the newly emerging scalar EM weapons. So in early 1960 the Soviets were in at least what we call the engineering development stage for large scalar EM beam weapons, which would be deployed when finished.
Video Source
On May 1, 1960 Soviet defensive radars—rigged as prototype scalar EM beam weapons—probably downed Francis Gary Powers's high-flying U-2 reconnaissance plane over the Soviet Union, precipitating a major diplomatic incident. At the time, no Soviet surface to-air missile could reach the high-flying U-2, but of course it was extensively tracked on Soviet defense radars. Powers reported that a flash occurred behind his plane and persisted—almost certainly the signature of time reversed wave real-time holography. Eisenhower first denied, then was forced to admit, the photo-reconnaissance nature of Powers' mission when Khrushchev revealed that the Soviets had captured Powers alive. Khrushchev then cancelled a major summit meeting with President Eisenhower. Powers was imprisoned, and released in February 1962 in exchange for Rudolf Abel, a convicted Soviet spy.
In the fall of 1962, with his new super weapons nearing deployment, the ebullient Khrushchev could no longer contain his eagerness. He "jumped the gun" and attempted to change the international balance of power at a single stroke. The Soviets started inserting MRBMs—weapons which would blanket the U.S. like a glove—into Cuba at a feverish pace.
Accordingly, as soon as his new super weapons were deployed and ready, Khrushchev did that "something dramatic." On April 10, 1963 he destroyed the U.S.S. Thresher with one of his new weapons. Scalar EM (electrogravitational) beams, focused through the ocean to interfere on the Thresher under the surface, recreated spurious EM energy in the sub's electrical control circuits, jamming them so that the sub lost control, sank to crush depth, and imploded. Spurious electromagnetic "splatter" surrounding the immediate vicinity of the targeted area left a signature of intense EM interference with multiple systems and multiple frequencies of the U.S.S. Skylark, surface companion of the Thresher. This anomalous EM interference was so virulent that it required over 1-1/ 2 hours for the Skylark to transmit an emergency message back to headquarters that the sub had been lost.
Ongoing Secrecy in Advanced Weapons Research
In matters of defence, no government will ever openly disclose its best military assets unless forced to do so. And thus, many military capabilities may be developed and kept secret for a long time. Indeed, even when they are used for the first time, depending upon the technology itself, it may well be the case that disclosure is not a necessary consequence. For even existing and widely known weapons can be used without ever any issues of acknowledgement arising. By way of example, one could attack another country with a reasonably low yield nuclear weapon set off deep underground. The damage would mirror that of a strong earthquake, and thus the fact that an actual weapon was used, or that a specific country was behind the attack, might never become known.
If the European Union breaks apart, and it looks like it may, the Euro currency (the second most used currency in the world) will vanish. Neocons, CIA and the "deep state" in the U.S.. NATO in Europe. Who else is being aggressive in our world towards other nations? Who else is continually poking Russia and China to provoke a war?
The endless ponzi schemes like QE, ZIRP and the US dollar itself. The world reserve currency is the US dollar and this has allowed the US Treasury, in conjunction with the Federal Reserve, to export our inflation to other countries around the world.
Now is the time to either redouble your prepping efforts or make a serious dedication to getting your preps in order. Ukraine, Syria, Libya, Afghanistan, South China Sea and these are the just the ongoing military wars.
Russia is preparing to test-fire a nuclear weapon which is so powerful it could reportedly destroy a whole country in seconds.
This Secret Weapon is rumoured to be the most powerful ever designed and is equipped with stealth technology to help it dodge enemy radar systems .
This terrifying doomsday weapon is likely to strike fear into the hearts of Western military chiefs, as current missile defence technology is totally incapable of stopping it.
The Secret Weapon is expected to be capable of delivering up to a dozen warheads, allowing to effectively destroy an area the "size of Texas or France", the broadcaster continued.
It is expected to have a range of 10,000 km, allowing Moscow to attack European cities including London as well as major cities on America's west and east coasts.
That fearsome weapon? An electromagnetic pulse. Pry, executive director of the EMP Task Force on National and Homeland Security, a congressional advisory board, described a scenario in which an adversary could detonate a nuclear device in the atmosphere over the United States, which would in turn generate an EMP that would cause catastrophic damage to the nation's electricity grid, resulting in long-term, national power outages.
It is, indeed, a frightening scenario—and it isn't the only threat to the nation's electricity grid. U.S. critical infrastructure is also vulnerable to cyber and physical attacks. The risk of such attacks is real, and, in some cases, growing. But don't run out and stock your bomb shelter with whale oil just yet. In fact, odds are you have far more to fear from nut-obsessed squirrels than nutty extremists when it comes to the reliability of your electricity.
The grim power of modern nuclear weapons.The greatest minds of the military-industrial complex have spent the past century devising ever more destructive weapons. In our timeline of terror, we show the horrifying development of modern nuclear weapons, which are now so powerful they can wipe out an entire city in seconds and render much of a country uninhabitable.
With tensions between Russia and the West rising, it is said the new bomber will be capable of striking any target on the planet within two hours.
According to the Strategic Missile Forces Academy, the engine will operate in two modes – using kerosene fuel for conventional flight and a methane-oxygen combination to power the craft into space.
The craft's shape also mimics the design of the US Stealth Bomber – making it invisible to radar.
Do you think that this weapon could actually wipe out the USA in reality?
Could you survive after an EMP attack? Would you be able to sustain your loved ones when all hell breaks loose? In this video, I will unearth a long-forgotten secret that helped our ancestors survive famines, wars, economic crises, diseases, droughts, and anything else life threw at them… a secret that will help you do the same for your loved ones when America crumbles into the ground. I'm also going to share with you three old lessons that will ensure your children will be well fed when others are rummaging through garbage bins. Click here to learn all about the 3 skills that will help you thrive in any crises situation.
Other useful resources:
The Lost Ways (Learn the long forgotten secrets that helped our forefathers survive famines,wars,economic crisis and anything else life threw at them)
Survival MD (Best Post Collapse First Aid Survival GuideEver)
Backyard Innovator (A Self Sustaining Source Of Fresh Meat,Vegetables And Clean Drinking Water)
Blackout USA (EMP survival and preparedness)
Conquering the coming collapse (Financial advice and preparedness )
Liberty Generator (Build and make your own energy source)
Backyard Liberty (Easy and cheap DIY Aquaponic system to grow your organic and living food bank)
Bullet Proof Home (A Prepper's Guide in Safeguarding a Home )
Family Self Defense (Best Self Defense Strategies For You And Your Family)
Survive Any Crisis (Best Items To Hoard For A Long Term Crisis)
Survive The End Days (Biggest Cover Up Of Our President)
Drought USA (Discover The Amazing Device That Turns Air Into Water)
prepperfortress
tldm.org
Build Up to WW3 — CHINA SENDS 12,000 TROOPS to the RUSSIA / CHINA BORDER – Coincides With Russia Nuclear Drills
Feds to Americans: You Need to Prepare for Life Without Electricity ( This is why 90% of the population wouldnt survive )
Portions of North Carolina to be WITHOUT ELECTRICITY for TWO WEEKS!
How to Make and Store Electricity Before a Catastrophic Grid Collapse
4-STAR ADMIRAL: IRAN PREPPING EMP ATTACK ON AMERICA, OBAMA AND KERRY ARE HANDING THEM THE WEAPON
'Catastrophic': Hedge Fund Billionaire Paul Singer Warns of EMP
'Nasa Confirms Six Days of Darkness in December': No, they don't – it's a hoax
"Nobody will Survive this War"
EMP, News EM weapons, laser weapons, nuclear weapons, Russia, Weapon, Wipe Out America
29 Signs That The Elite Are Transforming Society Into A Total Domination Control Grid
Why Donald Trump Must Shut Down The Federal Reserve And Start Issuing Debt-Free Money


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Tag: Japan ME Association
An Outstanding Preview Screening of our ME Documentary Film
Japan ME Association hosted our first preview screening of "Hope to these Hands: The Reality of ME/CFS," our original documentary film depicting the situation of severely ill ME/CFS patients in Japan which we began filming in 2014, at the TKP Shinagawa Conference Center in Shinagawa, Tokyo on October 22, 2017. Despite rain from a typhoon, many people turned out for the event for an outstanding premiere of the film. We are deeply grateful to everyone who attended, as well as to those who worked tirelessly to raise funds to make the film possible.
With JMEA board member Dr. Isu Shin, M.D., Ph.D., moderating, JMEA President Mieko Shinohara thanked Director Seiji Arihara for making the film and expressed that the objective of making and screening the film before audiences in Japan was to raise accurate awareness about ME and to advance research for the disease.
Mr. Arihara then gave a candid introduction to the film, revealing that when he and Ms. Shinohara first produced a Japanese-subtitled version of the American documentary film "I Remember Me," many years ago with director Kim Snyder's permission, he had never imagined that he would one day make a Japanese documentary about Japanese ME patients. He explained that making the film required acquiring a deep understanding of the day-to-day reality of the disease. He also expressed his gratitude to the many patients who agreed to be filmed but who did not appear in the final version of the documentary.
The film depicts patients who are severely ill with ME amidst a society that does not recognize the illness, the social and financial consequences of patients' inability to obtain Disability Certificates, our patient association, and finally, the hope from recent research developments in the US and other countries to develop effective treatments.
We received immediate feedback on the film after the screening: "Thank you for making this film." "The film captured patients' thoughts and troubles concisely." "It was encouraging to learn about all the research being done in the United States." "I was happy that the film makes clear that 'stress' is not the cause of the illness." "I felt encouraged to overcome the difficulties that I experience." "The film achieved a balance between subjective patient experiences and objective information." "I want the severely ill patients who couldn't make it to the screening to see the film as soon as possible."
After a short break, former JMEA Vice President Dr. Miwako Hosoda spoke about the remarkable journey of Japan ME Association's efforts in engaging medical researchers, government policymakers, social scientists, other non-profit associations, and the media to improve the situation of patients' lives.
Finally, Dr. Takashi Yamamura, Director of Immunology at the National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry (NCNP) gave a presentation entitled "Directions in ME/CFS Research." Dr. Yamamura, a leading specialist in multiple sclerosis (MS) who is now also engaged in ME/CFS research, gave the example of developments in MS, where after 25 years of having no effective treatments, there are now around five drug treatments for the disease, with many patients able to work; when one drug emerges, the landscape can change dramatically within 10 years. Neurological diseases often are not detected by standard medical tests, as is the case with ME/CFS. He emphasized the importance of research on inflammation in the brain and central nervous system and about the potential for major research advances in Japan; Japan should not merely depend on research from the US and Europe, especially with the high quality of Japan's immunological research, with research institutions equipped with advanced technology on par with research universities abroad. He also discussed the importance of detecting the disease early in patients going forward, and the possibility of using existing drugs to treat the disease.
Finally, we answered questions from the press, including how we planned to make use of the documentary to spread awareness in Japan, whether the name "chronic fatigue syndrome" would change, and what steps were necessary to obtain adequate funding to advance medical research.
Author JMEAPosted on October 27, 2017 January 14, 2019 Categories Awareness, UncategorizedTags Awareness, chronic fatigue syndrome, documentary, japan, Japan ME Association, myalgic encephalomyelitis
Democratic Party Hosts Study Group on ME/CFS
The Democratic Party's Disability/Intractable Disease Policy Promotion group held a study group on ME/CFS at a conference room in the House of Representatives Building on May 11, 2017. The objective of the study group was to discuss ways to help bring relief to patients. 14 Democratic Party Diet members as well as the Secretaries to 23 additional Diet members attended.
With Representative Yasuko Komiyama serving as moderator, group chairman Representative Kazuhiro Haraguchi said in his opening remarks that when he disclosed [his] intractable disease osteogenesis five months ago, what surprised him was how many people are suffering, and that the study group would "give a voice to those who do not have a voice." Japan ME Association president Mieko Shinohara then gave brief remarks, reading our request letter, and delivering the letter to Mr. Haraguchi.
House of Councillors member Ryuhei Kawada said, "When I met Ms. Shinohara six years ago, we discussed the name "chronic fatigue syndrome" made it difficult to understand the disease. The disease is now being researched as a neurological disease, and it is classified as a neurological disorder by the WHO. A therapy called rituximab may be emerging. We'd like study this disease as myalgic encephaloymelitis so that we can create a system where research advances may be made."
Next, National Center for Neurology and Psychiatry (NCNP) Director of Immunology Dr. Takashi Yamamura provided an informational brief to the group as a medical specialist. Dr. Yamamura is a neurology specialist who has treated and researched multiple sclerosis (MS). He explained how, having received a request from the patient association to use the technology and learning at NCNP to treat this disease, "[we] began research and seeing patients with the belief that we have to do this. One problem of this disease is that patients may not be properly diagnosed at a hospital because abnormalities do not show up on current standard medical tests. Hospitals handle this by telling the patients that there are no abnormalities or that they should visit another hospital because they may be suffering from a psychiatric illness. It is a miserable situation, which is why I believe we must develop an objective diagnostic method."
Dr. Yamamura explained the state of ME research, indicating that there is increased focus on abnormalities in the brain, including a PET image study indicating inflammation in the brain. Various diseases of inflammation should be treatable using drugs to effectively suppress inflammation. US patients advocated for research and the US National Institutes of Health (NIH) is investigating the disease with the US government increasing the amount of funding. Oncologists in Norway have published two papers in which the cancer drug rituximab had a significant benefit for about 60% of patients. The issue is how to move forward in this research context. Rituximab is a drug that kills tumors of lymphocytes called B cells and is thought to be a drug that modifies the immune system, and the possibility of using immune modulators for ME is something that is discussed by many scientists overseas.
Dr. Yamamura explained his experience with treating the disease optic nerve myelitis, a disease where severe fatigue is a symptom. Inflammation occurs in the eyes and the spinal cord and fatigue is severe. He explained that in optic nerve myelitis, where the inflammatory substance IL6 is elevated in patients, drugs used for rheumatoid arthritis led to dramatic improvement of fatigue symptoms in these patients. Fatigue is closely related to the immune system and it is important to focus on the immune system.
Many of the ME patients examined demonstrated immune abnormalities. Detailed analysis of patients' lymphocytes using state-of-the-art flow cytometry technology has shown some of the B cells with clear abnormalities. Since the drug rituximab targets B cells, it is consistent with rituximab being effective. There is a need to shift gears from conventional fatigue research to research for treatments that target the immune system, and there is momentum in this direction globally.
On June 14 there will be a meeting of the Federation of Clinical Immunology Societies in the United States, and the NIH has organized a special four-hour symposium. There will be a session to study information with other researchers on immune abnormalities in myalgic encephalomyelitis and Dr. Yamamura would participate; there was momentum, and he appealed to the study group that he wanted to bring relief to patients as soon as possible.
Japan ME Association president Mieko Shinohara gave brief remarks. She recounted that "I had an onset of ME while studying abroad in the United States in 1990, by 1992 I already knew that I had brain abnormalities by MRI, an immune modulating drug called Ampligen was being tested since 1988. The disease has been treated as the neuro immune disease in Western countries. The NIH study used the Canadian Consensus Criteria as the basis for its research, a document that points to the WHO's classification of the disease as a neurological disorder, as with the clinical guidelines issued by the IACFS/ME in 2012. It is common knowledge in the West that the disease is a neuro (immune) disease."
She also mentioned that the phase III trial study of rituximab being conducted in Norway would conclude in October, with patients all over the world awaiting the results. There are many patients who have been ill for 20-30 years. The Ministry of Health survey made clear that 30% of patients in Japan are severely ill patients who are bedridden or close. The patients want more than anything to get better and to have clinical trials proceed. We ask that politicians and Ministry of Health officals understand the situation that patients are in and to act in a way that brings relief to their suffering.
After showing the trailer for the documentary that the Association is filming, Mr. Hiraiwa from the Ministry of Health explained the current intractable disease law and reported on ME/CFS research so far.
A lively question and answer session followed. Among the questions asked were whether Japan would be ready to test rituximab if the Norwegian study published positive results; whether there was evidence of infectious disease in light of historical outbreaks; whether there were neurologists prepared to conduct clinical drug trials; whether a specialized outpatient practice at NCNP could be established; whether the disease could be designated as an intractable; and why ME and CFS were described together. Dr. Yamamura explained that if there is a positive study result for rituximab in Norway and it is approved for clinical use, information would need to be submitted by the drug maker to the Japanese review agency PMDA before it could be used in Japan; that while in many cases a virus has been involved in triggering the onset of ME, the abnormality of the immune system continues but there is no increase in the triggering virus in the patient's body; and that the name ME/CFS is being used for official purposes. The Ministry of Health Disease Control Division expressed that the ministry would continue to consult with Dr. Yamamura and work together with the patient association.
Representative Yasuhiro Nakane gave closing remarks. "We would like to firmly understand the wishes of the patient association. The budget has been an obstacle in medicine and administration generally, but it is the role of politicians to do something. Please accept our best wishes as we work under the leadership of Mr. Haraguchi."
Author JMEAPosted on May 12, 2017 December 29, 2017 Categories Advocacy, UncategorizedTags Advocacy, CFS, government, japan, Japan ME Association, Japanese Diet, ME, ME/CFS, research, study group
The Japanese National Diet Adopts the Association's 2016 Petition
We are very happy to report that both Houses of the Japanese National Diet adopted of Japan ME Association's 2016 petition during this year's extraordinary Diet session. With our last petition adopted by the House of Councillors in 2014 and by the House of Representatives in 2015, success on our petitions at the legislature for the third year in a row is a truly remarkable achievement. Our petition was the only one adopted by the House of Councillors' Health, Labour and Welfare Committee during this Diet session and just one of two adopted by the House of Representatives.
Thanks to the hard work of many, 105 bipartisan Diet members across seven political parties and two independent Diet members agreed to introduce the petition, and we gathered nearly 14,000 signatures. The signatories included not only patients and their families, but people who learned about ME for the first time through the petition who wished to help improve the situation of patients. We express our heartfelt gratitude to everyone. The petition will be delivered to the Cabinet, and the Cabinet will issue updates on the petition items to the House of Representatives approximately twice annually.
We believe that our October international academic symposium (supported by the Ministry of Health and Japan Medical Association, sponsored by the Nippon Foundation, and where the President of the Japan Neurology Association gave remarks) had a positive impact on the petition's adoption. We continue to hope for advances in research for ME by specialist researchers, the establishing of a national medical system where ME patients may receive medical treatment, and for research into effective treatments for the disease similar to that which is being conducted abroad. We thank you in advance for your continued support towards these important goals.
Author JMEAPosted on December 14, 2016 September 30, 2017 Categories UncategorizedTags Advocacy, CFS, chronic fatigue syndrome, japan, Japan ME Association, Japanese National Diet, ME, ME/CFS, myalgic encephalomyelitis, petition


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Graham Farmelo is an award-winning science writer and biographer. Formerly an academic and senior executive of the Science Museum from 1990-2003, he also works as speaker and consultant in science communication. Graham is often a guest on BBC Radio 4, has contributed to the New Scientist and Scientific American and written reviews in a wide range of publications, notably The Times, The New York Times, The Guardian, Nature and Times Higher Education. He is a Fellow at Churchill College, Cambridge, and a regular visitor at the Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton.
The Strangest Man, his masterful biography of Paul Dirac – pioneer in quantum mechanics, the 'British Einstein' and youngest theoretician ever to win the Nobel Prize for Physics – won the 2009 Costa Book Award for Biography and the 2009 Los Angeles Times Book Prize for Science and Technology. It was also chosen by Physics World as their Book of the Year. Graham edited the bestselling It Must Be Beautiful: Great Equations Of Modern Science (2002). He is also the author of Churchill's Bomb (2013), which explored Winston Churchill's role in nuclear research from 1939-1953.
Graham's upcoming book The Universe Speaks in Numbers: How Modern Maths Reveals Nature's Greatest Secrets will be published by Faber&Faber in May 2019.
Farmelo was awarded the Kelvin Prize and Medal in 2012 by the Institute of Physics, which elected him a Fellow in 1998. In 2011 he was appointed an Honorary Fellow of the British Science Association. Graham is also an undercover restaurant critic and is based in London.
Graham's website can be found here.


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Home | News | New Chair of Governors for Downside School
New Chair of Governors for Downside School
We are pleased to announce that the Governors and Trustees have appointed Mr Adrian Aylward as Chair of Governors for Downside School.
Adrian, an existing Downside School Governor, was educated at Worth School and Oxford University, before spending nine years in the City and in Industry, latterly as CEO of a public company. In 1992 he moved into education and was Head Master of Stonyhurst College (from 1996 to 2006) and subsequently Head Master of Leweston School, Dorset, until 2015. Since then Adrian has been working as an educational consultant; he is therefore eminently qualified to take on the role and will work closely with Andrew Hobbs.
Adrian Aylward is the new Chair of Governors at Downside School.
The Governors have appointed Perrett Laver as recruitment consultants to assist the Governors and Trustees in finding the best possible Head for Downside. Perrett Laver are well known specialists with a global reach. The aim is to make an appointment early in the summer term. We will not rush an appointment and are confident, in the interim, that the School is in very good hands with Andrew Hobbs as acting Head. We shall keep you informed as matters progress.
As Downside looks to the future, the Trustees of Downside Abbey are exploring the possibility of the School becoming legally and financially separate from Downside Abbey. At present, senior School Staff are working on a new School Business Plan, in order to provide the basis on which a new School Trust can be built. The anticipated separation will leave the School on a strong footing for the future that puts the safety and wellbeing of pupils at its heart. Downside will remain a Benedictine school in ethos and any new status will not preclude members of the Monastic Community being members of staff. We believe such a separation is in the interests of both School and Monastery and will allow both to thrive.
Click here to learn more about the governors of Downside School.
Back to School News


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Trials of Death
This is the fifth title in the compelling and chilling saga of Darren Shan, but the second part in a new trilogy, following Darren's initiation into the vampire clan.
Compelled by his loyalty to Mr Crepsley, Darren Shan, the vampire's assistant, agrees to prove his worthiness to the vampire clan by undertaking a series of trials. Each Trial is set by the Vampire Princes to test agility, cunning and intelligence. Failure means death.
Whilst their attention is focused on Darren, the vampire clan fail to notice that the vampaneze have infiltrated their mountain stronghold. Who is the traitor helping the vampaneze, and will Darren survive the trials to oust the vampire's greatest foes?
Another atmospheric and terrifying tale from the author of Cirque Du Freak.
Cirque Du Freak
"…fast-paced and compelling book which leaves the reader hungry for more."
'Brilliant, macabre tale.'
"I read Cirque Du Freak last week. I loved it. I love the way you manage to juggle the funny with the unpleasant, the affection with the hurt. It's
great story-telling."
The Vampire's Assistant
"The Vampire's Assistant blazes a thrilling, gruesome trail through a fascinating plot."
The Good Book Guide
Vampire Mountain
"Get your teeth into it!"
Funday Times
Darren Shan is the number-one best-selling author of the series THE SAGA OF DARREN SHAN, the DEMONATA and more recently the SAGA OF LARTEN CREPSLEY and ZOM-B. His books have been read by millions of people around the world and translated into more than 25 languages. Darren lives in seclusion in the depths of Ireland. He is a big film buff, and also loves theatre, comics and books, and collecting art. He loves dreaming up new ways to terrify his readers, but never drinks blood. Or so he claims.
PUBLISHERS WEEKLY 1 MAY 2003
The Cirque Du Freak saga continues in a fifth installment, Trials of Death by Darren Shan. Once again the protagonist takes readers into the heart of the vampire world, where he must face the Trials of Initiation to prove himself worthy of being a half-vampire-or die trying. The gory tale ends with a "to be continued" teaser and an excerpt from book six.
HarperCollinsChildren'sBooks
More Books by Darren Shan
Lord Loss
Tunnels of Blood
Brothers to the Death
The Vampire Prince
Hunters of the Dusk
Allies of the Night
Killers of the Dawn
The Lake of Souls
Lord of the Shadows


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CLA-2-39:RR:NC:SP:221 I85281
Mr. David Thompson
GHY USA Inc.
572 South Fifth Street
RE: The tariff classification of plastic labels from Canada.
Dear Mr. Thompson:
In your letter dated August 14, 2002, on behalf of Sunset Screen Graphics, you requested a tariff classification ruling.
Four sample labels were provided with your letter. The label on which the words "Enter Code" are printed is a self-adhesive plastic label. The "Polaris" and "500 Classic" are also plastic self-adhesive labels. These two labels will be packaged together. The 500 Classic label is made in the United States. As you requested, these samples are being returned.
The applicable subheading for the Enter Code label and the Polaris self-adhesive label, whether or not packaged with labels made in the United States, will be 3919.90.5060, Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States (HTS), which provides for self-adhesive plates, sheets, film, foil, tape, strip and other flat shapes, of plastics, whether or not in rolls: other, other. The general rate of duty will be 5.8 percent ad valorem.
Your letter also contained a plastic label with various symbols against a red and black background. This label is not self-adhesive. Before we can issue a ruling for this label, we need to know how and where it is used. In addition, explain how the label is manufactured. This sample will be held on file in this office for 90 days from the date of this letter.
You also inquired about the country of origin marking requirement for the Polaris and 500 Classic labels. The marking statute, section 304, Tariff Act of 1930, as amended (19 U.S.C. 1304), provides that, unless excepted, every article of foreign origin (or its container) imported into the U.S. shall be marked in a conspicuous place as legibly, indelibly and permanently as the nature of the article (or its container) will permit, in such a manner as to indicate to the ultimate purchaser in the U.S. the English name of the country of origin of the article.
Packaging the Polaris and 500 Classic labels together does not change the country of origin. The 500 Classic labels are made in the United States, and are not articles of foreign origin. Therefore, the Classic 500 labels do not have to be marked with the country of origin. The Polaris labels or the packages in which they are sold must be marked in such a way that indicates the country of origin to the ultimate purchaser.
A copy of the ruling or the control number indicated above should be provided with the entry documents filed at the time this merchandise is imported. If you have any questions regarding the ruling, contact National Import Specialist Joan Mazzola at 646-733-3023.
Tariff No.: 3919.90.50 - Self-adhesive plates, sheets, other flat shapes, of plastics, not having a light-reflecting surface produced by glass grains, nesoi


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domestic-saudi-investor
Domestic Saudi Investor
Product & Performance
Morgan Stanley Saudi Equity Fund
Saudi Equity Strategy
Saudi Arabian Equity Team
View All Saudi Equity Strategy
View All Saudi Arabian Equity Team
Daniel Simkowitz
Head of Investment Management | 31 years industry experience
Dan Simkowitz is Head of Investment Management at Morgan Stanley. Dan serves on the Firm's Operating and Risk Committees and was Co-Chair of the Capital Commitment Committee. Dan was most recently Co-Head of Capital Markets.
His client experience includes several of the largest IPOs in history; General Motors/U.S. Treasury, Facebook, Dupont/Conoco, KKR, Accenture and several of the largest financings in history for Citigroup/U.S. Treasury, Blackrock, Procter & Gamble, Verizon and Wells Fargo.
Dan was the lead capital markets partner for the Firm's assignments for the U.S. Treasury and Federal Reserve during 2008-2012.
Dan is a graduate of Harvard College and holds an MBA from Columbia University. He began his career at Morgan Stanley in 1990 and has worked in Tokyo, Hong Kong and New York. Dan serves on the Advisory Board for the Morgan Stanley Institute for Sustainable Investing. He is on the boards of Theatre Forward and the Investment Company Institute and is a trustee for the U.S. Olympic Committee Foundation. Dan is a member of the Council on Foreign Relations, Urban-Brookings Tax Center's Leadership Council and Harvard's Committee on University Resources.
The information on this page is for informational purposes only.
Morgan Stanley Saudi Arabia is authorized and regulated by the Capital Market Authority, license number 06044-37.


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The "Wrestling Snob" finds what he was looking for, hangs up mantle.
Each and every year, since the demise of the NWA's "Jim Crocket Promotions," Adam Leavelle has devoted his time looking for what he calls "Wrestling Done Right." Along the way he's dubbed a few companies just that. Companies like Ring of Honor, Major League Wrestling, New Japan Pro Wrestling, and one of the several independent wrestling companies Adam worked for, Legacy Wrestling. Sadly, Legacy went out of business, and the other companies that had that mantle bestowed upon them, couldn't stay on that track completely. As such, while Adam gave his support to those companies, he also still proudly embraced "The Wrestling Snob" moniker because no one company would devote itself fully to "Wrestling Done Right." For all the "Foundations" out there, all the Gresham's, Hammerstone's, and Jay White's, there were clowns (sometimes literally), no selling Luchadores, and comedy "acts' that promoters just had to insert onto their shows in the name of wrestling being for "everybody."
Around five years ago, sometime in 2017, Adam discovered the historical promotion, still doing shows in Japan, Pro Wrestling Noah. For some time "The Wrestling Snob" found great relief, and encouragement in Noah. The only problem was that finding their shows was difficult. Often, when you could find them, they would be weeks, or sometimes even months old. Even then, you couldn't find all of their shows, only some of the bigger shows here and there. Frustrated, Adam gave up, and just continued to watch what he could, often fast forwarding way too much. Finally, in 2021, Adam discovered that "Wrestle Universe" carried nearly every Pro Wrestling Noah show, and what they didn't carry, the Japanese television station, ABEMA carried. Both Wrestle Universe, and ABEMA have subscription models that would allow Adam to watch every single Pro Wrestling Noah show!
After a few months of getting back onboard "The Ark," Adam knew this is what he'd been looking for since 1988, the year JCP sold to Ted Turner, and began going downhill. Yes, there were a few more good years left after Turner purchased JCP, but the writing was on the wall. Adam suspected that the day would shortly come where the cartoon like WWE would "win" the wrestling war in America, and he would have to search for "wrestling done right" amidst tons of wrestling "ga-ga." While being "The Wrestling Snob" was fun on some level, it also got tiresome, and sometimes even depressing. Having absolutely loved professional wrestling since he was seven years old (1977) Adam feared it had died, and what many were calling "evolved" was actually a metamorphosis into something else entirely. This is where boarding the Ark, Pro Wrestling Noah, saved Adam, and the wrestling business, and lead "The Wrestling Snob" down the path of redemption.
No longer "angry" or "frustrated," Adam has now found intelligent wrestling, he has found wrestling that makes sense, and is presented like a sport, matches that are showcased as "fights," where the wrestlers look like they are struggling to perform offensive maneuvers, and registering pain, and anguish when being hit with, or put into said maneuvers. Most of all, Adam has found wrestling where the pace of the matches are as realistic as can be, in the world of pro wrestling, with said matches being presented as if the wrestlers in them are calculating, and thinking of strategy in what they are doing, and how they are responding to what their opponent is trying to do. While thinking of how best to describe this paragraph as shortly as possible, Adam came up with his bio name on Twitter, "Noah Noetic Nirvana." You see, Pro Wrestling Noah is a company that can be analyzed, broken down, and discussed in an intelligent, rational way. Noetic is defined as "relating to mental activity or the intellect." Pro Wrestling Noah is a professional wrestling company where the wrestlers, and as such the fans, can watch, breakdown, analyze, and discuss the in ring product, thus….."Noetic." Nirvana is, simply put, "heaven," or, better yet, in regard to Pro Wrestling Noah, "a state of perfect happiness; an ideal or idyllic place." So as of March, 2022, Adam Leavelle, the former "Wrestling Snob," hangs up that mantle and embraces N(3), The Noah Noetic Nirvana…the ideal place where wrestling, and fans alike, apply their intellect to professional wrestling. To say this in a shorter, and even simpler term, Pro Wrestling Noah is 100% "Wrestling Done Right!" The search is over, come aboard the Ark and be saved from the deep, murky, scary, waters of professional wrestling everywhere else.
Mount Ararat; A Pro Wrestling NOAH Podcast, Debuts On YouTube
Salvation From The Great Flood That Has Drowned Pro Wrestling In A Sea Of Ga-Ga
When Ring of Honor brought back the Pure Division, I was so excited that I was almost emotional about it. I covered ROH with a passion that I hadn't felt for wrestling in a long while. As ROH went on, the Pure division seemed to get less and less attention. ROH seemed to focus far more on "violence" and over the top, "car crash" style of wrestling, that's everywhere today. Now it seems that when ROH returns, the Pure division will be gone once again.
I spent a decent amount of time promoting, and being excited about Major League Wrestling as well. I loved those times, and I miss what MLW was. While I certainly don't hate MLW now, they've just embraced Lucha Libre so much that it's difficult for me to embrace it like I once had. Don't get me wrong, I want them to succeed, I just really wish they'd get back to the show I fell in love with. A show that had Lucha on it, but it wasn't the strongest or the most featured part of the show. I support their singles champions without question. Alexander Hammerstone and Alex Kane are excellent representatives, but I miss the Von Erichs, and the Lucha Underground stuff is too over the top for me. Maybe MLW will eventually return to what it was when I was loving it, at least I hope they do.
Thankfully, in the mean time, I found Pro Wrestling NOAH again, after a few years away. Wrestling Universe streaming nearly all NOAH shows excited me, as for the longest time I had no idea how to even watch NOAH shows, so I gladly subscribed. Now I watch so much NOAH that my beloved Stardom even pales in comparison. You see, NOAH doesn't do much (any?) over the top flippy stuff. They don't do much "super destructive moves" mid match that get no sold like it was a hip toss. NOAH doesn't have hyper (High) speed matches. NOAH referees enforce the rules, and don't get "bumped" in every other match. NOAH doesn't over book finishes of matches. NOAH doesn't have a super heel stable that absolutely must interfere, or ridiculously cheat in every single match they are in. NOAH's Junior Heavyweights don't have to work a video game style of match to differentiate themselves from the heavyweights. NOAH doesn't even need "Pure" rules because the rules of professional wrestling are actually enforced, and respected! Imagine that.
I know the vast majority of American Wrestling fans today need the car crash style. They need some sports entertainment, they need overly excitable promos from the very few American wrestlers today capable of giving them. They need English Speaking commentators explaining everything to them. They need some ga-ga. But if you're anything like me, and just want wrestling to be presented like a fight, shows that don't make you cringe, or even feel embarrassed to be a wrestling fan, and you don't want to drown in the sea of ga-ga, know that NOAH has English commentary. Noah has an English Twitter. NOAH has an English YouTube page, and NOAH now was WrestlingDoneRight.com supporting them with "The Pro Wrestling NOAH Network!" The doors are open, I'll see you on the ARK.
WDR, The NOAH Network Announces Podcast
Wrestling Done RIght; The Pro Wrestling NOAH Network, has announced a new weekly Pro Wrestling NOAH podcast, coming to YouTube! Adam Leavelle, will host a weekly show, about all things Pro Wrestling NOAH. News, Reviews, and Opinions, all passionately delivered in a way that only "The Wrestling Snob" can! We will announce a start date very soon, stay tuned!
Link here- Still under Construction!
MOUNT ARARAT
The Wrestling Done Right Network Becomes The Pro Wrestling NOAH Network
The Wrestling Done Right Network has been bringing you stories, coverage, and YouTube videos for the past 8 years, of only the best professional wrestling in the world. In that time, rarely has there been a single company that has dedicated itself to what WDR believes is "legitimate" or "worthy" professional wrestling. Having always been a supporter of Pro Wrestling NOAH, it wasn't until recently that WDR has had the full, and total access to NOAH as we do today, thanks to Wrestle Universe. As such, WDR has taken a bold, and confident change, deciding to focus solely on the one company in the world that has consistently presented, and promoted, "Wrestling Done Right," Pro Wrestling NOAH. WDR plans to still feature, and promote the few amazing professional wrestlers outside of NOAH, but when we do, pieces written about these wrestlers will be done so as a suggestion to Pro Wrestling NOAH to consider bringing in for a tour. Welcome aboard the ARK to all WDR fans and supporters. NOAH found grace in the eyes of the Lord, and Pro Wrestling NOAH found grace in the eyes of the wrestling snob!
www.wrestlingdoneright.com
Calling You To Get On The Ark With Me!
As is always the case, when I manage to find a wrestling company (not just random matches) that I can support as "Wrestling Done Right," I have this desire to stand on a rooftop and shout all about it at the top of my lungs. Thinking that I am finding others such as myself, my passion can get in the way of me realizing that 98% of wrestling fans today no longer really like "wrestling." Nearly all fans today like silly, over the top, goofy, drama, where guys smaller than people in the audience, in jeans, t-shirts, and Nike's, participate in choreographed tumble routines. Most fans today love wrestling "moves," the bigger, and the crazier, the better, and instead of being frustrated when these moves do little to no damage, they actually POP for that!
A sure fire way to get a "this is awesome" chant out of a pro wrestling crowd today is to have a wrestler kick out of a top rope Canadian Destroyer (or anything similar). When these "fans" watch something like Pro Wrestling NOAH, and see matches that have a good (slower) pace, and where selling is a major part of every match, and instead of it looking like a routine, the match looks like a struggle between two fighters, words like "boring" are always tossed around. Today's "fans" don't want to watch an entire show where every match is decided cleanly, in the middle of the ring. They don't want to watch a show where not one single table is broken. These fans don't want to watch an entire PPV quality show that doesn't have one single gimmick match. Funny thing, those type of things are exactly what I, and thankfully plenty of fans in Japan, and a few intelligent fans in America, see as "Wrestling Done Right," and I will hype, push, and promote it as if I was the owner of that company. That was a mistake tons of fans made back when Legacy Wrestling existed, so many thought and even told others, that I was the owner of the company, just because who could believe someone who wasn't the owner, would promote anything so heavily? Well, that's what I do for "Wrestling Done Right," and that is exactly what Pro Wrestling Noah is!
If you're tired of wrestling matches going 100mph, if you're tired of nothing being "sold," if you're tired of constant gimmick matches, if you're tired of wonky finishes, if you're tired of violent gymnastics and want wrestling to look like a fight, then Pro Wrestling NOAH is for you!
Will Terminus Save American Pro Wrestling?
I have always been convinced that good, solid, well worked, professional wrestling has multiple millions of fans. The problem is, most of them have completely abandoned professional wrestling. I've been a fan of professional wrestling since 1977, and while the stuff that I loved is dead, and almost completely gone, the idea that wrestling COULD still be great, exists in my mind so much, that I can't completely stop being a fan, though I have come close, numerous times. While just about every major company over the last few decades have had great matches, none of them have presented that all of the time. Great matches always have to be surrounded by silliness, comedy, over the top, sports entertainment drivel, that insults wrestling fans that want it to be "done right." As of January 11th, 2022 the only two places where I can find "wrestling done right," are New Japan Pro Wrestling, Pro Wrestling NOAH, and World Wonder Ring, Stardom. I would have once included Major League Wrestling on this list, bust for some time now, it has been a Lucha company, and Lucha isn't something I have much interest in.
Ring of Honor's "Pure Division" rose up for a short time, and excited me like I've not been excited over American wrestling in many years. Shortly after though, the company went on hiatus, and from my understanding, when they return, the Pure title isn't coming back. While I love Jon Gresham, and "The Foundation," ROH's lack of support for the title they so recently brought back, doesn't inspire to me lend them a lot of support, but I am not saying I won't give them a chance, time will tell what ROH is going to be in April, when they come back.
Rising up in the place of ROH, and it's Pure Division, is "TERMINUS," a new company started by Jon Gresham himself, and his partner, Baron Black. They recently released the rules, or as they are calling them, "Directives," and they have me excited, they have me hopeful, and they have me ready to embrace the company with every ounce of passion that I have, and trust me, that's a lot of passion! Take a look at the directives here-
Here is the card for Terminus's first show, this Sunday, January 16th, 2022.
Singles Match
Liiza Hall vs. Janai Kai
Impact Digital Media Title Match
Jordynne Grace (c) vs. Kiera Hogan
Terminal Eliminator Four Way Match
Invictus Khash vs. JDX vs. Daniel Garcia vs. Adam Priest
Bandido vs. Baron Black
Tag Team Match
Fred Yehi & Tracy Williams vs. Dante Caballero & Joe Keys
Mike Bennett vs. Moose
Jay Lethal vs. Lee Moriarty
ROH World Title Pure Rules Match
Jonathan Gresham (c) vs. Josh Alexander
You can watch the show on FITE
Will Ospreay Has Arrived!
Meeting a young Will Ospreay
I first discovered Will Ospreay in What Culture Wrestling, in his faction The Swords of Essex, and later in the Pacitti Club. It wasn't too long after that, that the picture accompanying this article was taken, at a Ring of Honor show, in Philadelphia. Will was pleasantly surprised when I told him that I enjoyed his work in Swords of Essex, and we spoke about that a little bit. At the time Will was mostly known as a spot monkey style wrestler, by harsh critics such as myself, but I thought I saw something in him that could be more than that. I'll admit, I started backing off of my fandom of Ospreay as the years went on because he didn't seem to be coming out of the "spot monkey" stuff at all. However, I saw him take a beating from Matt Riddle in the midst of those years, selling so well for the former MMA star, that he won me over a little bit once again. When Kazuchika Okada took a strong interest in Ospreay, my interest was piqued once again, thinking that one of my favorite wrestlers saw what I saw in the young high flyer, and started paying attention to him again. It was at this time that Ospreay got caught up in a ton of social media drama, and while it didn't cause me to stop liking him, it did deject me to some degree. Wrestling also was overly silly (in this authors opinion) during this time as well, and I was hardly enjoying anything.
When I learned that Ospreay had turned heel on Okada, and formed his own stable called "The United Empire," in New Japan Pro Wrestling, my interest in Ospreay returned, and I especially enjoyed him defeating the beloved Kota Ibushi for the IWGP World Championship. I was still not fully invested in any professional wrestling at that time, but this did start nudging me toward being a bigger fan once again. Finally in January of this New Year, 2022, I decided to embrace New Japan Pro Wrestling, watching Wrestle Kingdom with undivided attention. All of this short article to say that Will Ospreay is no longer a spot monkey. While I am not here to say his matches are always "fiver star classics," or that his main event with Okada was one of the best matches ever (both kicked out of too many things imo) I am here to say that Will Ospreay has arrived at the top of the professional wrestling world as a solid worker in the ring, and on the mic. The United Empire is one of the most "fun" factions in the business today, and I always enjoyed Will as a heel, more than a baby face, and I will argue that I saw shades of the United Empire is his early work in Swords of Essex. I can't even say that Will Ospreay is one of my favorite wrestlers (think Jon Gresham, Shibata, Okada, Ishii, etc) but Will Ospreay is worthy of his place in New Japan, and I hope he is in line for an eventual long reign as the IWGP World Champion, and that The United Kingdom lasts for many, many, years.
Honoring Hana Kimura
World Wonder Ring Stardom wrestler, Hana Kimura, took her own life on May 23, 2020, due to cyber harassment, and bullying. Hana was one of this website's owners favorite modern day wrestlers. At only 22 years of age, Hana had her entire life in front of her, and was on track to becoming one of the best wrestlers on the planet. During her career she was an original member of Stardom faction, Oedo Tai, one of the most fun, and popular heel factions in all of wrestling. After breaking from Oedo Tai, she founded her own faction called "Tokyo Cyber Squad," that quickly became the hottest selling t-shirt, and merchandise seller, in Stardom. Hana Kimura had amazing matches with wrestlers such as Kagetsu, Tam Nakano, Arisa Hoshiki, Hazuki, and Guilia. Hana most recently held "The Goddess of Stardom" tag titles with Kagetsu (members of Oedo Tai) and the Artists of Stardom trios titles with Jungle Kyona, and Konami (members of Tokyo Cyber Squad). Hana was absolutely "Wrestling Done Right," and as such, our yearly "Wrestler of the year award" will now be titled "The Hana Kimura Wrestler of the year award." This is a small gesture, but wrestlingdoneright.com's attempt to forever remember, and honor, our beloved Joshi princess, Hana Kimura.
Evolving should also mean a variance of ring work
As I keep working on catching up with NJPW, currently watching 2020 New Year Dash, I realized that NJPW caused a major negative in wrestling, much like the Young Bucks have. Japan has had less selling for decades. "Fighting Spirit" always gave us wrestlers kicking out of insane moves, and major spots (even things such as pile drivers off the ring apron). It was never that big of a deal, because it was pretty much limited to Japan. It was a novelty. It was different, and thus generally acceptable. Then it spread all over the world, and stopped being special, and started to come across as kind of ridiculous. Gaijins also just aren't as talented as making that style seem "real" or "acceptable." The Japanese have been selling that style forever, and others trying to do so comes off as a cheap imitation.
In the same way, The Young Bucks used to be the only team that worked their style. It was over the top, overly fast, sort of like a cruiser-weight style on speed. That was their gimmick, special to them, and I accepted it, even enjoyed it. Then we started getting knock offs, copycats, etc. No one did it as good as the Bucks, and even the few that did, just made it too much.
"Fighting Spirit" and "Young Bucks Style" were cool when they were limited. Once these two things started being done by nearly everyone, it got to be way too much. Now when you get all these "wrestlers' combining those styles, it's really difficult to take. Watching two big men no sell killer moves, in Japan, is one thing. Watching tiny little men do it, while also flying all over the place with no rhyme or reason, is just....stupid. In fairness, The Young Bucks are best at what they do, and the Japanese are best at what they do. I just wish those "styles" would have remained exclusive with those teams/groups. This is what makes me appreciate the catch style that wrestlers like Zack Sabre Jr utilize. It's different, fresh, and realistic. I just so wish that there were more wrestlers capable of that style. This is also why I absolutely love the "Bloodsport" shows. More diversity of ring work style is what we need for wrestling done right.
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Share this Story: Sacha Baron Cohen: Borat won't be back
Sacha Baron Cohen: Borat won't be back
WENN - World Entertainment News Network
Sacha Baron Cohen plays Kazakh journalist Borat Sagdiyev in the "Borat" sequel. Photo by Courtesy of Amazon Studios /Courtesy of Amazon Studios
Sacha Baron Cohen has retired his controversial Borat character, because he can't imagine bringing the oddball Kazakh journalist back after two films.
Cohen released Borat Subsequent Moviefilm – his follow-up to the 2006 mockumentary Borat, in October via Amazon Prime Video, and in a new interview with Variety, the Brit has confirmed he can't foresee a further movie for the character.
Sacha Baron Cohen: Borat won't be back Back to video
"I brought Borat out because of (President Donald) Trump," he said. "There was a purpose to this movie, and I don't really see the purpose to doing it again. So yeah, he's locked away in the cupboard."
Sacha Baron Cohen: "I've been a very reluctant celebrity. I've spent my entire career trying to shy away from publicity. I also am very wary of the concept of someone being famous pushing their views on other people" https://t.co/dxUtz4KgAP
— Variety (@Variety) January 6, 2021
And Cohen admits there were times while he was making the Borat sequel, during which he staged a series of questionable stunts – including dressing up as Trump for a political event – that made him wonder if he was "mad".
"There were moments in making this movie where I thought, 'Why the hell am I doing this?'" he explained. "This is illogical. You think, 'Am I mad? Have I got something deeply wrong with me?'"
Earlier this week, Maria Bakalova, who played Borat's daughter Tutar in the sequel, said she felt it was her "duty" to see through a controversial interview scene with Trump's lawyer Rudy Giuliani, even though it was terribly uncomfortable.
Bakalova posed as a journalist for the interview with the former New York Mayor, and after the chat the pair retreated to a hotel room before Cohen – as Borat – burst in.
"I was afraid because Rudy is a lawyer, and he is the president's lawyer," she told the Los Angeles Times. "I am not an American and don't know about American politics, but I knew that as an actor, it was my duty to do this scene to save the movie. I also knew that I wasn't alone in the room because Sacha was hiding there. I knew that if something happened, I could make my exit."