text:
You are now leaving the FederalRegister.gov website.
Click the link below to continue or wait 10 seconds to be transferred to:
http://www.flickr.com/
You are linking to a photograph that is sourced from Flickr under a Creative Commons license. All photographs on FederalRegister.gov section pages are published with attribution to the photo owner, and are consistent with the terms of use specified by the photo owner. For more information on Flickr and Creative Commons licensing see: http://www.flickr.com/creativecommons/. The photographs on section pages are generic illustrations of subject matter; they are not abstracted from the text of Federal Register documents. FederalRegister.gov assumes no responsibility for public comments on photographs that may appear on the Flickr website.
We have provided a link to this site because it has information that may interest you. This link is not an endorsement by the National Archives's Office of the Federal Register or the Government Publishing Office of the opinions, products, or services presented on this site, or any sites linked to it. We are not responsible for the legality or accuracy of information on this site, the policies, or for any costs incurred while using this site.
Thank you for visiting FederalRegister.gov!
The documents posted on this site are XML renditions of published Federal Register documents. Each document posted on the site includes a link to the corresponding official PDF file on govinfo.gov. This prototype edition of the daily Federal Register on FederalRegister.gov will remain an unofficial informational resource until the Administrative Committee of the Federal Register (ACFR) issues a regulation granting it official legal status. For complete information about, and access to, our official publications and services, go to About the Federal Register on NARA's archives.gov.
The OFR/GPO partnership is committed to presenting accurate and reliable regulatory information on FederalRegister.gov with the objective of establishing the XML-based Federal Register as an ACFR-sanctioned publication in the future. While every effort has been made to ensure that the material on FederalRegister.gov is accurately displayed, consistent with the official SGML-based PDF version on govinfo.gov, those relying on it for legal research should verify their results against an official edition of the Federal Register. Until the ACFR grants it official status, the XML rendition of the daily Federal Register on FederalRegister.gov does not provide legal notice to the public or judicial notice to the courts.
? {{#if commentPeriodOpen }} This document has a comment period that ends {{commentDaysRemaining}}. ({{commentsCloseOn}}) {{else}} Comments on this document are being accepted at Regulations.gov. {{/if}} Submit a formal comment
You are submitting an official comment to Regulations.gov.
Comments are due {{commentDueDate}}.
close comment form
{{human_size this.size}}
{{/each}} {{#if this.error}} Error: {{this.error}} {{else}}
{{/if}} {{human_size this.size}}
{{>comment_summary}}
. The maximum allowable size for any file is {{maxSize}}.
The following file types are permitted:
{{#inColumns fileTypes count=3}} {{#each this}}
{{/each}} {{/inColumns}}
{{#with document_details}}
A {{type}} by {{agency}}
{{published}}
{{/with}} {{#with comment_details}}
{{#if agency_participating}}
Comment Tracking Number
{{tracking_number}}
Comment Submission Date
{{submission_date}}
{{#each fields}}
{{#each values}} {{createDd this}} {{/each}} {{/each}}
{{#unless agency_participating}} {{#with document_details}}
{{agency}} does not publish comments on Regulations.gov. To check the status of your comment or obtain further information, please follow-up directly with the agency contact listed in the document you submitted a comment for.
{{/with}} {{/unless}}
The Office of the Federal Register publishes rules, proposed rules, notices, and presidential documents on behalf of Federal agencies and the President of the United States. Although our site has the ability to link a user directly to the document docket on Regulations.gov, we do not accept or manage comments on any document we publish. You must submit your comments through regulations.gov or directly to the agency that wrote the document. We will not send any comments to the agency.
If you have comments or suggestions on how to improve the FederalRegister.gov website or have questions about using FederalRegister.gov, please choose the 'Website Feedback' button below.
{{{ document_feedback_text }}}
If you have questions for the Agency that issued the current document please contact the agency directly.
RSS 2.0 Link
{{#if emailSubscriptionAction }}
Notify when:
Filed on Public Inspection
Do not show this warning again
Health & Public Welfare
Small Business Size Standards
by the Small Business Administration on 07/18/2019
photo by: Trending Topics 2019
Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform
286 documents in the last year
48 documents in the last year
Stock & Commodities Trading
Economic Sanctions & Foreign Assets Control
17 New Documents In this Issue
180 Documents Open for Comment
Taking of Marine Mammals
by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration on 07/18/2019
photo by: Todd Lappin
Endangered & Threatened Species
1338 documents in the last year
Made in America Day and Made in America Week, 2019
by the Executive Office of the President on 07/18/2019
photo by: Washington State Department of Agriculture
Immigration & Border Control
Cultural Objects Imported for Exhibition
International Trade (Anti-Dumping)
Controlled Exports (CCL & USML)
Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast Out
by the Federal Aviation Administration on 07/18/2019
photo by: Richard Masoner / Cyclelicious
Patent, Trademark, and Copyright
Energy Efficiency & Renewable Resources
Maximizing Use of American-Made Goods, Products, and Materials
photo by: The Library of Congress
Automobile Safety & Fuel Economy
Oil and Gas Leasing
Trade Adjustment Assistance
Medicare Program
by the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services on 07/18/2019
photo by: Rob Custodio
6 documents in the last year
Veterans Employment & Training
Disaster Declarations & Assistance
Topics (CFR Indexing Terms)
Public Inspection
Presidential Documents
Explore Agencies
Agriculture Department 22 7
Commerce Department 76 3
Defense Department 24 12
Education Department 8 2
Energy Department 39 8
Environmental Protection Agency 44 17
Health and Human Services Department 71 17
Homeland Security Department 36 16
Housing and Urban Development Department 2 6
Interior Department 16 14
Justice Department 7 7
Labor Department 6 5
State Department 4 0
Transportation Department 51 31
Treasury Department 11 8
Veterans Affairs Department 4 5
Explore Topics (CFR Indexing Terms)
Administrative practice and procedure 16 5
Air pollution control 24 8
Airspace 18 3
Environmental protection 26 8
Intergovernmental relations 20 6
Navigation (air) 18 3
Nitrogen dioxide 19 2
Ozone 16 3
Particulate matter 13 2
Volatile organic compounds 17 2
Current Issue 514 Pages
98 documents from 41 agencies
76 Notices
2 Presidential Documents
6 Proposed Rules
14 Rules
Go to a specific date
Go to a specific date:
The Public Inspection page on FederalRegister.gov offers a preview of documents scheduled to appear in the next day's Federal Register issue. The Public Inspection page may also include documents scheduled for later issues, at the request of the issuing agency.
Special Filing
updated on 11:15 AM on Thursday, July 18, 2019
5 documents from 7 agencies
1 Rule
Regular Filing
updated on 8:45 AM on Thursday, July 18, 2019
117 documents from 45 agencies
102 Notices
Executive Orders view
The President of the United States manages the operations of the Executive branch of Government through Executive orders.
Executive Order 13881
Collecting Information About Citizenship Status in Connection With the Decennial Census
Proclamations view
The President of the United States communicates information on holidays, commemorations, special observances, trade, and policy through Proclamations.
Other Presidential Documents view
The President of the United States issues other types of documents, including but not limited to; memoranda, notices, determinations, letters, messages, and orders.
Advanced Document Search
Public Inspection Search
FR Index
Reader Aids
Reader Aids Home
Office of the Federal Register Blog
Using FederalRegister.Gov
Understanding the Federal Register
Recent Site Updates
Government Policy and OFR Procedures
Congressional Review
My FR
My Clipboard
Search the Federal Register
Please sign in or create an account to use this functionality.
Create New Folder
Creating folders will help you organize your clipped documents.
When this folder is created the current document will be added to that folder.
Create Folder
Creating folder and saving clipping...
{{#each folders}} {{#ifInFolder ../currentDocumentNumber}}
{{/ifInFolder}} {{this.name}}
The Federal Register
The Daily Journal of the United States Government
This site displays a prototype of a "Web 2.0" version of the daily Federal Register. It is not an official legal edition of the Federal Register, and does not replace the official print version or the official electronic version on GPO's govinfo.gov.
Decision on Supplemental Information on the Effluent Limitations Guidelines and Standards for the Oil and Gas Extraction Point Source Category
A Rule by the Environmental Protection Agency on 07/05/2019
Information about this document as published in the Federal Register.
Printed version:
This decision shall be considered issued for purposes of judicial review at 1 p.m. Eastern Standard Time on July 19, 2019. Section 509(b)(1) of the CWA, judicial review of this decision can be had only by filing a petition for review in the U.S. Court of Appeals within 120 days after the decision is considered issued for purposes of judicial review.
Document Citation:
84 FR 32094
32094-32096 (3 pages)
CFR:
40 CFR 435
Agency/Docket Numbers:
EPA-HQ-OW-2016-0598
FRL-9995-74-OW
Document Number:
Document Statistics
Document page views are updated periodically throughout the day and are cumulative counts for this document including its time on Public Inspection. Counts are subject to sampling, reprocessing and revision (up or down) throughout the day.
as of 07/18/2019 at 4:15 pm EDT
Enhanced Content
Relevant information about this document from Regulations.gov provides additional context. This information is not part of the official Federal Register document.
Docket Number:
Docket Name:
Effluent Limitations Guidelines and Standards for the Oil and Gas Extraction Point Source Category
Docket RIN
2040-AF35
Supporting/Related Materials:
UOG Sanitization Memo - DCN SGE01533
David Clark (PGCC) email to EPA - DCN SGE01536
Materials discussed on 5/15/2019 call between PGCC and EPA -...
Development Document for Effluent Limitations Guidelines and...
UOG Analysis Summary for PGCC Discussion - DCN SGE01532
PA DEP and EPA Notes from 11/11/2018 Meeting - DCN SGE01531
Correlation Diagram From PA DCNR DCN SGE01530
List of Follow-up Calls to 308 Letters_2018 DCN SGE01529
Keyrock Energy LLC (facility known as Brinkerton Treatment...
See all 1126 supporting documents
The FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT section includes the name and telephone number of a person within your agency who can answer questions about the document. It may list two or more persons to contact concerning different aspects of a document.
For more information please see the Document Drafting Handbook sections on the use of For Further Information Contact in Federal Register documents.
Enhanced Content - For Further Information Contact
The List of Subjects contains a list of index terms (List of Subjects) for each CFR part number cited in the document's heading. The terms provide a common vocabulary for indexing the rulemaking documents of all agencies and are the basis of the "CFR Index" prepared by the OFR.
For more information please see the Document Drafting Handbook sections on the use of List of Subjects in Federal Register documents.
Enhanced Content - List of Subjects
The Preamble arranges basic information on the "who, what, where, when, and why" of a document for the reader's convenience. For Rules and Proposed Rules it explains the basis and purpose of the regulatory text, but contains no regulatory text.
For more information please see the Document Drafting Handbook sections on the use of Preamble in Federal Register documents.
Enhanced Content - Preamble
The text following this element occurred on page {{page}} of the print and PDF versions of this document.
Page citation
{{volume}} FR {{page}}
{{shortUrl}}/page-{{page}}
Printed Page
Agencies provide a heading for each part, subpart, section, and appendix that they are proposing to amend. The Amendment Part section identifies changes or additions to the CFR. The regulatory text of a document must fit into the current text of the CFR. It should precisely identify and describe the changes made to the CFR. The amendatory language uses standard terms to give specific instructions on how to change the CFR. It does not include a discussion of why the changes are made. If a document amends only certain sections within a CFR part, the authority citation for the part will set out as the first numbered item in the list of amendments for the part.
For more information please see the Document Drafting Handbook sections on the use of the Amendment Part section in Federal Register documents.
Enhanced Content - Amendment Part
Agencies provide a heading for each part, subpart, section, and appendix that they are proposing to amend. An appendix may appear at the section, subpart, or part level.
For more information please see the Document Draft sections on the use of Appendix in Federal Register documents.
Enhanced Content - Appendix
The Authority section cites the authority that authorizes the agency to change the CFR. The authority citation is given in the shortest form. Placement of the authority citation depends on what unit of the CFR the agency is amending.
For more information please see the Document Drafting Handbook sections on the use of the Authority section in Federal Register documents.
Enhanced Content - Authority
Agencies provide a heading for each part, subpart, section, and appendix that they are proposing to amend. The Part section contains the CFR part that the document adds or revises.
For more information please see the Document Drafting Handbook sections on the use of the Part section in Federal Register documents.
The Signature section contains the name and title of the person, as determined by the agency, who signed the submitted document for publication in the Federal Register.
For more information please see the Document Drafting Handbook sections on the use of Signature in Federal Register documents.
Enhanced Content - Signature
Stars are part of the published document. When an agency is adding or revising only certain units of a section, the amendatory language must state exactly which units are added or revised, and only those units are printed. Asterisks are used to represent text which is not changed.
5 stars are used to show that a whole paragraph, including its subordinate paragraphs, is unchanged.
For more information please see the Document Drafting Handbook section '1.14 Asterisks'.
What do stars mean?
The Supplementary Information section may include the regulatory history of this rulemaking proceeding. It will present the background information and detail necessary to give adequate notice of the issues to be commented on as required by the Administrative Procedure Act. It may also be used to provide additional information that is required by law, agency policy, or Executive order.
For more information please see the Document Drafting Handbook sections on the use of Supplementary Information in Federal Register documents.
Enhanced Content - Supplementary Information
Enhanced Content - Table of Contents
This tables of contents is a navigational tool, processed from the headings within the legal text of Federal Register documents. This repetition of headings to form internal navigation links has no substantive legal effect.
I. General Information
A. Does this notice apply to me?
B. Obtaining Copies of This Document and Related Information
II. Why is EPA issuing this decision?
III. Summary of Analysis and Results
IV. Findings
Enhanced Content - Submit Public Comment
This feature is not available for this document.
Enhanced Content - Read Public Comments
Read the 276 public comments on this document
Enhanced Content - Sharing
Shorter Document URL
https://www.federalregister.gov/d/2019-14361 https://www.federalregister.gov/d/2019-14361
Email this document to a friend
Share this document on Twitter
Share this document on Facebook
Enhanced Content - Document Print View
Enhanced Content - Document Tools
These tools are designed to help you understand the official document better and aid in comparing the online edition to the print edition.
These markup elements allow the user to see how the document follows the Document Drafting Handbook that agencies use to create their documents. These can be useful for better understanding how a document is structured but are not part of the published document itself.
Display Non-Printed Markup Elements
Enhanced Content - Developer Tools
This document is available in the following developer friendly formats:
JSON: Normalized attributes and metadata
XML: Original full text XML
MODS: Government Publishing Office metadata
More information and documentation can be found in our developer tools pages.
Official Content
View printed version (PDF)
This PDF is the current document as it appeared on Public Inspection on 07/03/2019 at 8:45 am.
If you are using public inspection listings for legal research, you should verify the contents of the documents against a final, official edition of the Federal Register. Only official editions of the Federal Register provide legal notice to the public and judicial notice to the courts under 44 U.S.C. 1503 & 1507. Learn more here.
Published Document
This document has been published in the Federal Register. Use the PDF linked in the document sidebar for the official electronic format.
Start Preamble
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).
Notification of decision.
The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is providing notice of its decision to not revise the final rule establishing pretreatment standards for discharges of pollutants into publicly owned treatment works (POTWs) from onshore unconventional oil and gas (UOG) extraction facilities. In 2016, the EPA promulgated the final rule, Effluent Limitations Guidelines and Standards for the Oil and Gas Extraction Point Source Category (the unconventional oil and gas or UOG rule), based on record information indicating that all facilities subject to the rule were meeting the zero discharge of pollutants requirement in the rule. After promulgation, the EPA received information indicating that certain facilities subject to the final rule were not meeting the rule's zero discharge of pollutants requirement. This notice provides new data and information, the EPA's analyses of that data and announces the Agency's decision to not revise the final UOG rule in response to the remand in Pennsylvania Grade Crude Oil Coalition v. EPA, No. 16-4064 (3rd Cir., August 31, 2017), requiring the EPA to consider further information and take any appropriate action with regard to the final rule.
Start Further Info
For more information, see the EPA's website: https://www.epa.gov/eg/unconventional-oil-and-gas-extraction-effluent-guidelines. For technical information, contact Karen Feret, Engineering and Analysis Division (4303T), Office of Water, Environmental Protection Agency, 1200 Pennsylvania Ave. NW, Washington, DC 20460-0001; telephone: 202-566-1915; email: feret.karen@epa.gov.
End Further Info End Preamble Start Supplemental Information
Entities potentially affected by this action include:
Example of regulated entity
North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) code
Industry Crude Petroleum and Natural Gas Extraction 211111
Industry Natural Gas Liquid Extraction 211112
The EPA has established a docket for this action under Docket ID No. EPA-HQ-OW-2016-0598. All documents in the docket are listed on the https://www.regulations.gov website. Although listed in the index, some information is not publicly available, e.g., CBI or other information whose disclosure is restricted by statute. Certain other material, such as copyrighted material, is not placed on the internet and will be publicly available only in hard copy form. Publicly available docket materials are available electronically through https://www.regulations.gov.
The EPA promulgated the UOG rule on June 28, 2016. 81 FR 41845. The UOG rule regulates wastewater pollutants from unconventional oil and gas extraction activities under Subpart C (Onshore Subcategory) of the oil and gas extraction effluent guidelines. The UOG rule is a national rule that prohibits onshore unconventional oil and gas extraction operations from discharging pollutants in wastewater to publicly owned treatment works (POTWs), in other words, a "zero discharge" requirement. The UOG rule defines the term "unconventional oil and gas operations" to include operations involving "crude oil and natural gas produced by a well drilled into a shale and/or tight formation (including, but not limited to, shale gas, shale oil, tight gas, and tight oil)." See 40 CFR 435.33(a)(2)(i). In promulgating the rule, the EPA explained that UOG wastewaters are not typical of POTW influent wastewater, and as a result some UOG extraction wastewater pollutants: Can be discharged untreated from a POTW to the receiving stream (i.e., the POTW is not designed to treat the pollutant); can cause the disruption of the POTW treatment operations (e.g., biological treatment is inhibited); can accumulate in biosolids, limiting their Start Printed Page 32095use; and can cause the formation of harmful disinfection by-products.
The EPA's record at the time of promulgation indicated that all UOG extraction facilities were meeting the zero discharge requirement, and the EPA received no comments at proposal indicating otherwise. However, after the UOG rule was promulgated, several interested parties notified the EPA that a number of oil and gas operations in Pennsylvania covered by the rule were in fact discharging wastewater to POTWs. These parties stated that their operations are "conventional" under Pennsylvania definitions, although they appear to meet the definition of "unconventional" in the UOG rule.
Based on this post-promulgation information, the EPA extended the compliance date for existing sources that were lawfully discharging to POTWs on or between April 7, 2015, and June 28, 2016, to three years from the effective date of the rule—to August 29, 2019, (compliance date postponement rule). See 81 FR 88126-88127. That rule did not change the compliance date for all other facilities subject to the final UOG rule.
Pennsylvania Grade Crude Oil Coalition (PGCC) also filed a petition for review of the rule in the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit. PGCC indicated that the EPA incorrectly found that there were no existing discharges to POTWs by facilities that meet the definition of "unconventional" in the UOG rule. In response, the EPA filed a motion (unopposed by PGCC) for voluntary remand without vacatur which was granted by the Court in October, 2017. Pennsylvania Crude Oil Coalition v. EPA, No. 16-4064 (3rd Cir., Aug. 31, 2017). In the motion, the EPA discussed the post-promulgation information referenced above, acknowledging that this new information was inconsistent with the record for the rule. The EPA explained that the Agency requested the remand to consider any additional evidence relevant to the UOG rule, develop the record, and take any follow-up action as appropriate. This notice provides the EPA's decision in accordance with this remand.
As explained in this notice, the EPA recently gathered new data and information and performed supporting analyses to update the 2016 record for the final UOG rule. The scope of the data collection and analyses discussed in this notice pertains only to those oil and gas extraction facilities in the United States that the EPA has identified to be discharging UOG wastewater to POTWs at the time it finalized the UOG rule—in other words, those facilities defined as conventional by Pennsylvania that meet the definition of unconventional in the UOG rule and are thus likely subject to the EPA's 2016 UOG pretreatment standard rule.
EPA staff also met with producers in Pennsylvania to further understand their concerns. As a result of this interaction, the EPA learned that the scope of the Agency's 2016 UOG pretreatment standard rule may not have been clear to certain producers. To clarify the scope of the UOG rule, the UOG rule is not applicable to activities regulated under the Stripper Subcategory (40 CFR 435 Subpart F). The UOG rule applies to onshore unconventional oil and gas extraction facilities regulated under Subpart C. Subpart C excludes facilities regulated under Subpart F.
A detailed description of the data sources, methodology, and associated analyses can be found at: https://www.epa.gov/eg/unconventional-oil-and-gas-extraction-effluent-guidelines. This section summarizes that information and provides results.
First, the EPA conducted additional analyses to determine whether wells discharging to POTWs in Pennsylvania would meet the definition of "unconventional" and thus be subject to the EPA's 2016 UOG rule. Oil and gas operators in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania must report to the Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection information on their wells, such as wastewater management and formation type. During development of the 2016 UOG rule, the EPA used this Commonwealth-compiled data to support the Agency's finding that there were no UOG extraction facilities discharging wastewater to POTWs. However, based on the information submitted to the EPA after promulgation of the rule, the Agency came to understand that some facilities that would meet the definition of unconventional in the 2016 UOG rule were categorized as conventional in the Pennsylvania data that the EPA relied on, based on the Commonwealth's narrower definition of unconventional. Accordingly, the EPA has re-evaluated the available data. In particular, the EPA used information that the oil and gas extraction facilities reported to Pennsylvania for 2016 and well formation information from multiple sources to identify those oil and gas extraction facilities that discharged any wastewater to POTWs and that are defined as conventional under Pennsylvania's definition, but are defined as unconventional under the UOG rule's definition.[1] As described above, oil and gas extraction activities regulated under the Stripper Subcategory (Subpart F) are not included in this rule, and therefore were not included in the scope of analyses discussed in this notice. In the analysis of the data, the EPA excluded any well that had less than a ratio of 15,000 cubic feet of gas per 1 barrel of oil and had less than an average of 10 barrels per day of oil over the year's reported production and number of producing days. Based on the 2016 Commonwealth data, the EPA determined that out of 879 oil and gas extraction entities reporting to Pennsylvania in 2016 (and over 6,000 entities nationwide), 22 entities discharged at least some portion of their wastewater to a POTW from UOG operations as defined by the 2016 UOG rule. Based on the 2016 data, the EPA concludes that this subset of entities may need to make changes to comply with the 2016 UOG rule (and would incur any associated costs).
For each well that generated wastewater that was sent to a POTW from these 22 entities, the EPA determined the nearest wastewater management alternative (centralized waste treatment (CWT) facility or Class II underground injection control (UIC) well). The EPA found that wastewater management alternatives were available to all of these entities as many of them reported using another wastewater management alternative in addition to a POTW in 2016. To estimate the potential incremental costs of this rule to these entities (which represent the only entities in the U.S. that may incur costs associated with the nationally applicable rule), the EPA calculated any incremental wastewater management costs for these entities to send their wastewater to the nearest wastewater management alternative as well as any associated incremental transportation costs. The EPA added incremental wastewater management and transportation costs to determine the total incremental costs to these entities to comply with the 2016 UOG rule.
The EPA also evaluated incremental non-water quality environmental Start Printed Page 32096impacts associated with alternative wastewater management approaches. These include changes in air emissions, solid waste generation, and energy consumption. The incremental change depends on the alternative wastewater management approach. For example, sludge generation would likely decrease if a UOG facility sends its wastewater to a UIC well and would likely increase if it sends its wastewater to a CWT facility. Even if each UOG operator that currently sends its wastewater to a POTW elected to use a wastewater management approach that incrementally increased air emissions, sludge generation or energy usage, these changes would be small relative to U.S. totals for this industry as a whole.
The EPA then conducted a discounted cash flow analysis (modeled future revenue and operation costs) over 10 years to estimate the potential financial impacts on these entities. Based on this analysis, the EPA determined that seven of the 22 entities would have negative profits irrespective of the UOG rule's incremental costs. For the remaining entities, when adding in the incremental costs of the rule, the EPA's analysis shows that none of the 15 entities would be at risk of closure as a result of complying with the UOG rule.
In light of the model predictions based on 2016 reported data that some of these entities would have negative profits irrespective of the UOG rule's incremental costs, the EPA also reviewed oil and gas production data for all 22 entities as reported to Pennsylvania in 2017. All 22 entities continued to report oil and gas production to Pennsylvania, demonstrating that they remain in business. Therefore, the EPA is reporting cost information as a range with the lower value representing information for the 15 modeled profitable entities and the upper value representing information for all 22 entities. The EPA's analysis shows that for 2016, the median incremental costs would be $131 to $279 per entity and the total costs of the UOG rule for 2016 would be approximately $33,000 to $65,000 (in 2016$).
At the time the EPA promulgated the 2016 UOG rule, it established a zero discharge of pollutant pretreatment standard for UOG extraction facilities based on alternative wastewater management approaches. Consistent with the factors identified in the Clean Water Act and described in the preamble to the 2016 rule, the EPA found these alternatives to be available, have acceptable non-water quality environmental impacts, and be economically achievable, based in part on its findings that no existing UOG facilities were discharging pollutants to POTWs at the time of the 2016 rule. The EPA concluded that such standards would prevent some UOG extraction wastewater constituents from largely "passing through" the POTW untreated, and then discharged from the POTW to the receiving stream.
The EPA has supplemented that rulemaking record to account for the UOG facilities in Pennsylvania that were in fact discharging wastewater to POTWs at the time of the rulemaking. Based on the EPA's analysis of the new information described above, the EPA concludes that the zero discharge of pollutants standard is technologically available, economically achievable, and has acceptable non-water quality environmental impacts. Based on this information, the EPA will not revise the 2016 UOG rule.
Start Signature
Dated: June 20, 2019.
David P. Ross,
Assistant Administrator, Office of Water.
End Signature End Supplemental Information
1. The EPA defines unconventional as: 40 CFR 435.33(a)(2)(i) Unconventional oil and gas means crude oil and natural gas produced by a well drilled into a shale and/or tight formation (including, but not limited to, shale gas, shale oil, tight gas, tight oil). Pennsylvania defines an unconventional formation as: A geological shale formation existing below the base of the Elk Sandstone or its geologic equivalent stratigraphic interval where natural gas generally cannot be produced at economic flow rates or in economic volumes except by vertical or horizontal well bores stimulated by hydraulic fracture treatments or by using multilateral well bores or other techniques to expose more of the formation to the well bore (See DCN SGE01486).
Back to Citation
[FR Doc. 2019-14361 Filed 7-3-19; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 6560-50-P
Continuity Information


text:
Timeline of Roman Britain
Life in Roman Britain
People of Roman Britain
Places of Roman Britain
The Roman Military of Britain
The Tribes of Iron-Age and Roman Britain
The Parisi were a British Celtic tribe located sin the north of England. Next to their neighbours to the north and west, the powerful Brigantes, the Celtic Parisi were insignificant in terms of the extent of their territory. However, they seemed to have been more culturally advanced and had some civilising effect on the Brigantes.
The Realm of the Parisi according to Ptolemy
"Near which¹ on the Opportunum Sinus² are the Parisi and the town Petuaria 20*40 56°40."
Above quote from the Geographia of Ptolemy (II.ii)
i.e. the Brigantes tribe.
Bridlington Bay, which formed the natural border to the east.
The Parisi tribe inhabited North Humberside and were surrounded to the north, west and south-west by the Brigante and on the south by the Coritani. Rather more advanced than the former tribe, but culturally inferior to the latter.
Other passages in Ptolemy Book II Chapter 2 give the ancient names of other geographical features within the territories of the Parisi:
Abus Fluvius (River Humber) Formed the southern boundary of the tribe. Their neighbours the Coritani lived on the opposite (southern) bank.
Oceli Promonturium (Spurn Head) forms the north bank of the Humber Estuary.
The Civitas Parisorum The Principal Tribal Centre
Petvaria [Parisorvm] (Brough-on-Humber, Humberside)
The suspected cantonal capital and the only Πολις ascribed to the tribe by Ptolemy; its official status was only that of a vicus.
Other Places of Note
North Ferriby – nearby Brough, was the site of an old iron-age settlement and the northern terminus of a ferry over the Humber estuary to South Ferriby, in the territories of the Coritani.
Derventio (Malton, North Yorkshire) – Roman fort with attached minor settlement or vicus.
D ELGOVICIA ? (Millington, Humberside) – Minor settlement included a temple.
Rudston (Humberside) – Villa with crude but effective mozaics, on the road to the east coast near Bridlington.
Industry in the canton is represented by potteries at Norton, Crambeck, East Knapton and Throlam. It has been suggested that Eburacum (York) was originally attributed to the Parisi, but became detached from Parisian rule by the establishment of the colonia.
The Continental Parisii
The Parisii were a people of Gaul, who lived along the banks of the Sequana (Seine), and on an island in the river known as Lutetia; the island is nowadays famous as the site of the Notre Dame Cathedral in the centre of Paris, the capital city of modern France. Julius Caesar in his Gallic Wars, provides vital information on the political history of this continental Gallic tribe:
"… At the beginning of spring [52BC] a convention of Gaul was proclaimed, according to his [Caesar's] practice. The arrival of all except the Senones, Carnutes, and Treveri¹ made him think this exception the beginning of an armed rebellion: and to give the impression that he counted all else of secondary importance, he removed the convention to Lutetia, a town of the Parisii. (These were the next neighbours to the Senones, and in the previous generation had formed one state with them; but it was believed that they had held aloof from the present design.) …" (Caesar De Bello Gallico vi.3)
The former two were powerful Gallic tribes from the Pleine de la Beauce region of the middle Loire valley, centered around modern Orleans in France, while the latter were a Belgic tribe from the Ardennes area around modern Luxembourg; Caesar by this action interposed himself between the Gallic and Belgic tribes, thus preventing them from joining forces and posing a formidable threat.
The continental Parisii were not to take Caesar's bullying for long however, for they joined forces with their near neighbours the Suessiones and declared themselves against him in the general rising of Vercingatorix in 52BC. Caesar was thereupon forced to send his lieutenant Labienus with four legions to see to this northern threat, while he personally led his remaining six legions against Vercingatorix and the Arverni at Gergovia (La Gergovie) in southern France (vide Caesar G.W. vii.4, & 34 et seq.).
"While this was happening with Caesar, Labienus had left the draft of recruits newly arrived from Italy at Agedincum¹ to guard the baggage, and with four legions started for Lutetia, a town of the Parisii, situated on an island in the Sequana river [Seine]. …" (Caesar De Bello Gallico vii.57)
Realising the formidable defences afforded Lutetia by the river, Labienus first turned his forces against the Suessiones, capturing their city of Metiosedum, which was likewise situated on an island in the Seine, though evidently less formidably defended. From this base the Roman tribune then led his army downstream along either bank of the river towards the Parisian capital. Hearing of the Roman's imminent approach off refugees from the recently sacked town, the citizens of Lutetia were compelled to abandon their city and set it afire before withdrawing into the nearby marshes.
Suffering defeat at the hands of Caesar's able lieutenant Labienus did little to subdue the spirit of the tribe, however, for when Vercingetorix called upon the peoples of Gaul to aid him during the siege of Alesia, the Parisii fielded eight thousands troops to answer the call (vide Caesar G.W. vii.75). The Gallic uprising of Vercingatorix was doomed to failure, and the Gallic leader was several years later led in Triumph through the streets of Rome and ceremonially strangled on the Capitol; of the continental Parisii, no further mention by Caesar is made.
Parisi Tribe of North Eastern Britain. Tribal Capital Petuaria. (22Dbc)
Parisii Tribe of Northern Gallia Lugdunensis. Tribal Capital Lutetia (Paris) on the Sequana (River Seine). Lutetia Parisiorum and Agedincum Senonum were the two major cities of the Province of Lugdunensis Senonia following the Division of Empire c.395AD. (23Ec, 29Fd)
References for The Parisi
Peoples of Roman Britain : The Parisi by Herman Ramm (Duckworth, 1978);
The Geography of Claudius Ptolemaeus, trans. by E.L. Stevenson (Dover, New York, 1991);
Atlas of Great Britain by the Ordnance Survey (Country Life, 1982);
Historical Map and Guide: Roman Britain by the OS (4th Ed., 1990);
© Copyright www.roman-britain.co.uk. All Rights Reserved

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Hey Western Civilisation: What Makes You so Special?
An overwhelming number of the explorers in history have been European. The Concise Encyclopedia of Explorers lists a total of 274 explorers, of which only 15 are non-European, with none listed after the mid-fifteenth century.8 In the urge to explore new regions of the earth and map the nameless, we can detect, in a crystallized way, the "prime-symbol" of Western restlessness. We can also detect the Western mind's desire – if I may borrow the language of Hegel – to expand its cognitive horizon, to "subdue the outer world to its ends with an energy which has ensured for it the mastery of the world."9 _Ricardo Duchesne
Westerners and Europeans have been at the forefront of most of the important human discoveries and accomplishments in science, philosophy, technology, and the arts since around 800 BC.
It is asserted by historian Ricardo Duchesne that westerners have also been at the forefront of most important human global exploration and discovery (h/t Dennis Mangan).
IN HIS 2003 book, Human Accomplishment: Pursuit of Excellence in the Arts and Sciences, 800 BC to 1950, Charles Murray argued that the great artistic and scientific accomplishments were overwhelmingly European. "What the human species is today," he wrote, "it owes in astonishing degree to what was accomplished in just half a dozen centuries by the peoples of one small portion of the northwestern Eurasian land mass."
...The point I want to make, however, is that Murray pays no attention to accomplishments in other human endeavors such as leadership, exploration, and heroic deeds. The achievements he measures come only in the form of "great books" and "great ideas." In this respect, Murray's book is similar to certain older-style Western Civ textbooks where the progression of modern liberal ideals is the central theme. David Gress dubbed this type of historiography the "Grand Narrative." By teaching Western history in terms of the realization of liberal democratic values, these texts "placed a burden of justification on the West … to explain how the reality differed from the ideal.'3 Gress called upon historians to do away with this idealized image of Western uniqueness and to emphasize the realities of Western geopolitical struggles and mercantile interests. Norman Davies, too, has criticized the way early Western civilization courses tended to "filter out anything that might appear mundane or repulsive."4
MY VIEW IS that Europeans were not only exceptional in their literary endeavors, but also in their agonistic and expansionist behaviors. Their great books, including their liberal values, were themselves inseparably connected to their aristocratic ethos of competitive individualism. There is no need to concede to multicultural critics, as Davies does, "the sorry catalogue of wars, conflict, and persecutions that have dogged every stage of the [Western] tale."5 The expansionist dispositions of Europeans as well as their literary and other achievements were similarly driven by an aggressive and individually felt desire for superlative and undemocratic recognition. _Richard Duchesne
It is neither fashionable nor politically correct to acknowledge the leadership of Euro - westerners in any important and beneficial activity. This is particularly true if one is claiming that there is something innate within Euro-westerners which allowed them to provide leadership in multiple areas of human accomplishment which have improved the overall human condition for large numbers of the world's inhabitants.
More politically correct scholars such as Jared Diamond (Guns, Germs, and Steel) have attempted to provide alternative explanations to the idea of western exceptionalism. But few such arguments are able to withstand any degree of scrutiny or critical examination. Which leaves us with the question: What is it about western civilisation which caused it to produce so many exceptional achievers across so many important human fields of study and achievement?
Historian Ricardo Duchesne is also the author of a well researched book on the same topic: The Uniqueness of Western Civilization.
Below is an audio interview with Duchesne, where he discusses his arguments regarding the uniqueness of western civilisation.
Interview w/ Ricardo Duchesne re his book: The Uniqueness of Western Civilization
And so, again, what makes Euro-westerners so special?
It has been claimed that ADHD is far more common among Europeans than in non-Europeans. It is likely that a number of other genetic clusters which influence behaviour are likely to have been divergent in European populations as opposed to non-European populations. As the tools of genetic study improve, we should better understand how different breeding populations diverged in unique ways.
As Duchesne points out, the particular aggressiveness of westerners creates a wide range of problems at the same time that it opens and exploits beneficial opportunities.
Other populations tend to be more aggressive than Europeans in terms of impulsive violent crime -- such as many African populations and a number of South American indigenous populations. But Europeans are more violent in this way than are East Asians. There is a gradient of sorts, in terms of homicide rates: Africans > Europeans > East Asians.
Curiously, a similar gradient of average male testosterone levels appears to exist, with higher levels in Africans, medium levels in Europeans, and lower levels in East Asian males.
Even more interestingly, an IQ gradient exists in the opposite direction, with East Asian average IQs > European average IQs > African average IQs. Taken together, this might suggest that exploration requires at least moderate IQ and moderate testosterone levels -- in combination with other gene clusters which may add particular strengths to an explorer's innate arsenal of grit, gumption, "g", and go-getiveness.
We should note, however, that "he who laughs last, laughs best." If Europeans (and East Asians) allow their numbers to decline below certain levels of influence, they risk being ultimately overwhelmed by more enthusiastic procreators who may unfortunately lack some of the more remarkable qualities of the higher achieving populations, on average.
More Reading: Invention of the Modern World (Alan Macfarlane's Focus on England's role) h/t HBD Chick
Labels: clash of civilisations, demographics, history
I've been working on a follow-up to my article on the failure of Europe to economically and culturally integrate immigrants. It hinges on universal values, demonstrated by successful models of social programs from Germany, France, UK, Norway, Sweden and the US. It takes some points that I learned from my work in advertising in the international market.
The idea of limiting the population, whether by force or on the sly is nothing new though. Examples exist from South Africa, Australia, UK, ect...
http://www.theage.com.au/articles/2002/03/09/1015365752044.html
World-famous microbiologist Sir Macfarlane Burnet, the Nobel prize winner revered as Australia's greatest medical research scientist, secretly urged the government to develop biological weapons for use against Indonesia and other "overpopulated" countries of South-East Asia.
Tuesday, 03 July, 2012
The key is detecting fraud though, some of these programs have fudged their numbers for political brownie points.
drama said...
I think John Keegans book "a history of warfare" offers a good analysis of the development of different cultures in it's analysis of war
neil craig said...
Pr ot cpuld be that it had to happen somewhere and once it starts feedbacks push that culture forward fastest.
Look at the coincidence that the south sea islands were explored and settled between about 500 & 1500 AD without any link at all with European culture and that Cheng Ho's exploration fleet explored the Indian ocean in 1430 only a few decades before Vasco da Gama did the same from Portugal, with no real contact between the 2 cultures.
When you look at 6,000 years of written history and far more prehistory that would be a remarkable coincidence if some underlying factor were not driving most human cultures to some outbreak of exploration and invention about then.
On the other hand we still did come first.
Wednesday, 04 July, 2012
Charles Murray was a fool to claim Western Europe's emergence as what we refer to as Western Civilisation was a consequence of our own "great books" and "great ideas."
How many of the vast Chinese, Indian, Persian and Babylonian libraries did he peruse? Near zero, I'll venture - about as much as the average Western European Caucasian today.
Declaring that Celtic blue-bottoms, Nordic berserkers and the Gothic barbarians had intellectual primacy over civilisations that existed and flourished while they were still dashing the heads of their enemies children against the rocks, is like declaring that hyenas formulated the principles of modern butchery.
The truth is more likely to be that the "great books" and "great ideas" to which Murray refers originated - thematically if not in content or prosaic style - elsewhere, and were merely developed and adapted into the bland, cursory and one-dimensional style favoured by the Latin peoples of Western Europe. This soul-less method of intellectual discourse dominates academia today.
Western Civilisation is characterised by the way it believes in its own greatness. It has a superiority complex. Yet much of what we call great is intellectually vain and morally futile. It's not hard to look back on Western Civilisation now and see it as massive sprint up the garden path. Ask most people from those other, older cultures and they'll tell you they hate the West and (not so) secretly yearn for its decline. Many Western Europeans are feeling this way also.
Why is this happening? Perhaps because it doesn't understand and can't handle in a spiritual sense many of the ideas it purports to have originated. It doesn't teach the truth of God in its discourse about STEM subjects, seeking instead to evacuate God entirely. In so doing, it stands for little but its own proliferation and sows within itself the seeds of its own destruction.
Consumerism, godlessnes, idol worship, feminism, usury. These are the five pillars of Western Civilisation. It has elevated to positions of great power the Pagan, Berserker and Barbarian with expensive pantsuits and useless Ivy League degrees - who seek, ever so civilly, to dash out the brains of their enemies children on a rock.
Great? Meh.
Not exactly convincing, coming from your peculiar perspective.
Theists -- such as Muslims -- tend to see the world in a "just so" manner, which is not at all consistent with a real and somewhat chaotic universe.
Islam had a "golden age," driven by a convergence of profound ideas from both East and West, along with a more intelligent human substrate than currently exists in modern Islamic nations.
There is no doubt that the west is in decline in many ways -- demographically, debt-wise, a cultural dumbing-down, etc.
Unfortunately, when one looks for wisdom outside the west, one is confronted largely by an even more rapid decay tending toward anarchy.
Your religion may be your own superiority complex in more ways than you comprehend. One must find whatever comfort one can in the face of despair.
Again, one of the reasons people are obsessed with the failures of the West, is because most people do not know Arabic and Chinese, and, therefore, do not know about their flaws. Anyway, the NWO is far more advanced and powerful than either the West, the Islam or China.
Sunday, 08 July, 2012
Your response to my comment above was anticipated. Empiricists seem to claim the truth to be an element somewhere within only their own perspective and are generally disinclined to agree with any perspective that refers to God. It's a common response. Those who don't know God will simply not agree in God's truth, nor are they likely to understand.
Instead, the empiricist seems inclined to assume those individuals who do know God as morally superior - the guilty conscience tends to construct such motives - but the truth is closer to the opposite. God compels the true believer not to feel superior in any way but to seek to understand the depth of his own moral failings, and through honest self-examination convict the heart and mind of a need and the means to do better as an individual. The result, ironically, is that the culture as a whole does better and advances civilisation in precisely the way Murray describes.
This truly hopeful journey is the fabric of all successful civilisations. The rapid and hopeless decay towards anarchy is evident in all cultures that have rejected God, and the West is leading this charge. The decay of the West, combined with its superiority complex and political manipulation of the rest of the world has stirred up iniquity in every culture and in every possible way, either by consumer choice or by force.
Orwell was not writing about empiricism but religion, which is readily apparent to those who have studied his work.
Monday, 03 September, 2012
Comparing Costs of Energy Production
Battle for Control of China's Government, Military
How Many People Could Live in a 100 km Tall Building?
An Explosion of Experimentation in Synthetic Biology
Growing Replacement Organs in the Lab: Wake Forest...
Reality Check: What Does Chinese Economic Growth ...
Human 2.0: Surviving On 1 Oz of Water a Day
The 48 Laws of Power, and Other Secret Archives
Should Prostitution Be Legalised to Help Coeds Pay...
Coal Will Be Thriving Long After Obama Is Gone


text:
Home > satire > New Mandatory Vaccine Can Stop the Conspiracy Pandemic
New Mandatory Vaccine Can Stop the Conspiracy Pandemic
July 30, 2020 July 30, 2020 Kevin Barrett
Dissociated Press
Guest Editorial by Dick Flaccidopholous, Director, Foundation for Undermining Conspiracy Theories (FUCT)
What is your purpose in life? Why do you log in to the office every day? What talking points do you use to convince powerful people with money to give you some?
Here at the Foundation for Undermining Conspiracy Theories we have a simple but elegant mission statement: "There are too many gol-danged conspiracy theories! We are FUCT! We've got to stop them!" Unfortunately, until now, it was easier said than done.
But today, thanks to a new vaccine, all that has changed. The new ConspiraVax Consortium headed by Bill Gates, Cass Sunstein, and Mr. Burns has successfully developed a cyber-vaccine that can stop the conspiracy pandemic, allowing life get back to normal, permitting the economy to resume functioning, and helping the people who blew up the World Trade Center relax and get on with their lives.
ConspiraVax 1.0 will be rolled out later this week. All Americans will be required to bring their phones, laptops, desktops, tablets, and other portable devices to the nearest DHS Vaccination Center to receive the anti-conspiracy-theory inoculation. A long, sharp, red-hot platinum needle, plunged deep into the control chip, will inject millions of self-replicating cyber-antibodies made from aborted fetuses. The cyber-antibodies will swarm through the device's storage, memory, and operating system, devouring conspiracy theories before they can infect the device's owner.
Some have questioned whether cleansing conspiracy theories from communications devices will solve the problem. They say that in the past, people read books and talked to each other face-to-face to learn how the CIA killed JFK, how the neocons did 9/11-anthrax, and how roughly the same people, give or take a few, presumably orchestrated the made-in-North-Carolina COVID-19 pandemic. If our electronic conspiracy infection is cured, they say, people will simply return to their old conspiracy-spreading habits of reading physical books and having real-life conversations.
But as ConspiraVax's CEO Mr. Burns likes to say, cackling with glee: It's too late! Bwa-ha-ha!! The manufacture and distribution of physical books is now totally dependent on electronic communication. Eliminate dissenting ideas from the electronic world, and they will also be eliminated from the pages of physical books.
What's more, thanks to COVID-19, people are no longer allowed to meet and talk face to face. Though a few diehard tinfoil hatters may mumble at each other through their masks over the back fence, staying at least six feet away from each other and missing most of what the other is saying, the contagion quotient (rate of transmission of conspiracy ideas) will be so low that the disease will quickly die out.
Inoculating the whole electronic world against the conspiracy pandemic may seem like overkill. But how else can we stop the conspiracy theory super-spreaders from infecting millions? Our only hope of getting back to a normal, pre-conspiracy-theory world is mandatory Conspira-Vax inoculations. We, and our devices, are going to have to shut up and take our medicine.
satireconspiracy theories, dystopia, mandatory vaccination, satire, vaccine
Wiser elements in Washington establishment get Iran's message: Analyst
FFWN: Mandatory Mask? Vaccine?! Microchip?!! You Gotta Draw the Line Somewhere!
One Thought to "New Mandatory Vaccine Can Stop the Conspiracy Pandemic"
Amin Abdullah
Some conspiracies take a longer time to incubate and hatch, than otbers. The following one took 10 years :
Covid-Con : Cooked in 2010. Served in 2020. (with 'Harry Vox', 2014)
https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=CDvCmhZc3rg


text:
Ozuna suspended 20 games under MLB domestic violence policy
Posted: Nov 29, 2021 / 04:50 PM EST / Updated: Nov 29, 2021 / 04:50 PM EST
Atlanta Braves' Marcell Ozuna stands on the field during the inning of baseball game against the Washington Nationals at Nationals Park, Tuesday, May 4, 2021, in Washington. (AP Photo/Alex Brandon)
NEW YORK (AP) — Atlanta Braves outfielder Marcell Ozuna received a retroactive 20-game suspension for violating Major League Baseball's domestic violence policy.
Ozuna was arrested May 29 on charges of aggravated assault by strangulation and battery after police officers said they witnessed him attacking his wife.
He was placed on administrative leave under the domestic violence policy.
The suspension is retroactive to Sept. 10 and covers the final 24 days of the regular season, costing him approximately $1.55 million of his $12 million salary. Ozuna did not play after May 25.
WSAV Blitz Twitter
Tweets by WSAVBlitz


text:
Corpus Christi: Energy Port of the Americas
By Greg Trauthwein
The Port of Corpus Christi lives up to its moniker 'Energy Port of the Americas,' as the movement of energy in and out dominates the port's history and future. John P. LaRue, Executive Director, Port Corpus Christi recently visited Maritime Reporter's headquarters in New York to discuss the nearly $50 billion in investment projects driving the port forward.
"Let's just start with what we are and what we are not," said LaRue. "We are not a container port. Up until a few years ago we were an oil import port (serving) three refineries: Citgo, Valero and Flint Hills Resources. We also have two grain elevators; and the only facility that we operate directly is dry bulk."
Pure and simple, the Port of Corpus Christi is an energy hub, connecting the Gulf of Mexico with the vast U.S. inland waterway system, positioned between the country's two largest shale oil and gas plays, the Permian Basin and Eagle Ford. Port Corpus Christi is the fourth largest port in the United States in total tonnage (about 100 million tons per year), a gateway to international and domestic marine commerce.
While the general assumption may be that anything energy-centric would languish today given the three-plus year global swoon in energy pricing, Port Corpus Christi has held its own. Cheap energy has attracted foreign industrial investment in the port, and the decision by the U.S. government in 2015 to allow the export of oil means that today Port Corpus Christi exports more oil than it imports. (Last year it imported 15.7 million and exported 29.7 million tons of crude. For a look at the Top 10 imports and exports, see Chart 1.)
"We saw a significant downturn in tonnage and revenue (last year), as we were down about 10%, in some categories even more," said LaRue. "This year has started to bounce back in a big way, and we have seen an uptick this year from just about everybody. The ability to export crude has made a big difference."
Illustrating the point using a top Port Corpus Christi customer [Oxy], that firm has made quantum leaps in the export of crude oil, going from zero barrels in 2015 to five million barrels in 2016, with a projection to export 35 million barrels in 2017.
$50 Billion in Investment
"About five years ago with the shale revolution, logistics started to change," said LaRue. "We received a lot of interest from mid-stream oil companies that wanted to move oil to other U.S. ports, which drove a mini-construction boom with new docks."
The mini-construction boom in new docks is one piece in a mega-construction boom in and around the port, with nearly $50 billion in investment over the past four years to today. "That's more than some states," LaRue said.
While cheap energy courtesy of the current global oil and gas price swoon conspired to reduce port revenues last year, there is a silver lining, LaRue said. "We have a lot of new industries coming in and we've been able to attract a lot of foreign direct investment because – not just because of the shale oil – but we have a lot of natural gas, and there are a lot of companies right now that want natural gas to use in their processes."
Austrian steel maker Voestalpine is one, as it is using gas to heat iron ore and make it into an iron briquettes, importing the raw materials and exporting the briquettes to Europe. MG is another, an Italian PET manufacturer, currently building one of the largest PET plants. The list goes on, with OxyChem involved in a JV producing ethylene; Chinese TPCO finishing a plant this year to manufacture oil and gas pipe, and Cheniere, which is building an LNG plant in Port Corpus Christi, a project which in and of itself has 3,500 people working today. "We have a lot of work for a lot of people right now," LaRue said. "Between TPCO, M&G and Cheniere, we probably have 5,500 to 6,000 construction workers active today (in the port) … and this is in a community of 300,000. The drop in oil prices has had its impact as a lot of the people that were working the shale formations have come down and are working construction for us."
While each of these projects is substantial, the showstopper was recently announced; a joint venture between ExxonMobil and SABIC for a new $10 billion, 1,300-acre plastics manufacturing complex on the South Texas Gulf Coast.
The project is under engineering review and design now, and when it comes to fruition it is touted to be the largest ethylene cracker in the country. The numbers surrounding the project are Texas-big, as it is projected to create 6,000 jobs during peak construction, create 600 new permanent jobs at the site with a $90,000 average annual salary plus benefits, not to mention the $22 billion in economic gains for the state during construction and the $50 billion in economic gains for the state during first six years.
Interestingly, LaRue sees even more room for growth, particularly in the cracker market. "I think this is really the start of a wave of larger announcements," he said, adding, "You see continued demand for basic plastics with a growing middle class in India, China and across Asia. Ethylene and Propylene are the building blocks, and there are many investments in cracker-type projects."
While LaRue is paid to attract businesses to his port, he is a fairly pragmatic in his assessment. He reiterates its proximity to the two major shale plays as a significant plank in the port's financial success, and also notes the positive business climate in Texas, "which is more conducive to energy operations."
"One of the unique things about Port Corpus Christi is we own our own oil docks," said LaRue, noting that it provides a significant revenue stream for the port. "Now with the shale we are seeing more and more activity."
"Most ports receive little or no revenue from (private dock) facilities 'inside the fence line' of the oil companies," he said. But at Port Corpus Christi, the port gets a percentage of the wharfage for cargo unloaded at private docks, as the port owns the land along the ship channel that ship must cross. "This is a unique revenue stream for the port." For vessel owners, shippers and manufacturers, LaRue is quick to mention these advantages:
Air Attainment: The port is in Air Attainment, meaning the process to build a plant is cheaper and shorter than a port not in attainment.
Free Flowing: Lack of vessel congestion, with normally only 4 to 6 ships waiting to get in. "We don't have fog, we don't have a big tidal fluctuation (normally only 1 to 2 feet)."
Rail Service: There are three rail services serving the port, providing reliability and competitiveness.
Proximity to Mexico: The port is 2.5 hours from the Mexican border. Mexico is a large and growing trade partner with Port Corpus Christi, with $1.7 billion in exports to Mexico in 2016 (vs. $1.4 billion in 2015), and $115 million in imports from Mexico in 2016 (vs. $88 million in 2015).
Stability: The U.S. is a stable environment, and LaRue counts the stability of the U.S. as a factor in attracting foreign manufacturing dollars.
Cheap Energy: Plentiful supplies of natural gas that, unlike other areas of the world, is more stable in price and availability, not beholden to political whim.
But Port Corpus Christi has its challenges too, with the number one being attaining the federal funding to dredge its 36 mile long ship channel from its current depth of 47 feet to the authorized depth of 54 feet. "Infrastructure is always the biggest challenge," said LaRue, and in step with most every commercial port in the world, dredging tops the chart. Port Corpus Christi received the authorization to dredge its ship channel to 54 feet in 2007, but federal funding has not followed. "The project is clean and there are no environmental issues with dredge material. We just we can't get it through the Administration," said LaRue. "Right now if you are not in the President's budget (because there are no earmarks) you can't start the project."
Rather than sit idle and hope, Port Corpus Christi is investing its own $32 million to get phase one of the project started, caring for the stretch from the Gulf of Mexico to inside the bay. "It's called accelerated funding, and there is some risk, because if it is never funded, we have to eat it," said LaRue. "But they will fund it. The total project cost to dredge to 54 feet is $350 million, but if we just sit here and wait for them to do it, it will never get done. We're going to put up $140 million (in total)."
Meanwhile the port will wait on a re-energized discussion on infrastructure funding in Washington. "This is the type of project that should be on someone's list, as the benefits are almost all export driven. If they get serious about infrastructure funding, we can get this project done in three to four years. If they don't it could drag on for seven or eight years."
Port of Corpus Christi: THE Energy Port of the Americas
The Port of Corpus Christi provides access to the U.S. inland waterway system from its location on the western Gulf of Mexico. It handles liquid bulk, RoRo, break-bulk, dry bulk and containerized cargo through multiple terminals. By the numbers, the port looks something like this:
$50 Billion: Amount of investment projects, foreign and domestic, in past 4 years or underway.
11,016: Total vessel calls in 2015
$350: Cost in millions to dredge the channel into Port of Corpus Christi from 47' to 52'.
$140: Investment in millions that Port Corpus Christi is spending to start dredging its channel to 52'.
85.7: Total tonnage (domestic and foreign), in millions, in 2015.
80.2: Percentage of total tonnage classified as Petroleum and Petroleum Products.
47: The depth, in feet, of the current channel into Port of Corpus Christi.
52: Authorized channel depth to be achieved when project (approved in 2007 under WRDA) finally makes it into the president's budget.
Top 10 Trading Partners, by Dollar Value
Sources: Port of Corpus Christi Port Performance Freight Statistics Program – Annual Report to Congress 2016, U.S. Department of Transportation, Bureau of Transportation Statistics.
(As published in the August 2017 edition of Maritime Reporter & Engineering News)
Read Corpus Christi: Energy Port of the Americas in Pdf, Flash or Html5 edition of August 2017 Maritime Reporter
Other stories from August 2017 issue
Trends in Heavy Lift Solutions page: 14
Marine Hazards to Subsea Cables and Pipelines page: 16
Keeping a Tight Lid on Tier III & Sealing Solutions page: 18
Sailing Ships: Ship of the Future? page: 20
Man Overboard Prevention and Recovery page: 22
Maritime Software: On the Origin of Meaning page: 24
Balancing Efficiency & Security as Maritime Goes Digital page: 27
Growing the KVH Empire page: 30
IoT & Changing Connectivity at Sea page: 32
Voices: Dr. Cleopatra Doumbia-Henry, President, World Maritime University page: 34
Schulte Marine Concept MD Kozdron Talks Shipbuilding page: 38
Shipbuilding: Mega Yards page: 42
Designing the New National Security Multi-Mission Vessel page: 48
Corpus Christi: Energy Port of the Americas page: 54
Power Play: Engine Suppliers Prepare for 2020 page: 60
Moving Ahead Powerfully page: 64
MEPC 71: Ballast Water Management Update page: 70


text:
Home / News / Gadgets Releases / Sony likely to launch Xperia Z1S, Xperia Tiachi on Nov 12: Report
Sony likely to launch Xperia Z1S, Xperia Tiachi on Nov 12: Report
Posted by Sushil Kumar | Oct 24, 2013 | Gadgets Releases |
If reports are to be believed, the Japanese tech giant Sony is all set to unveil two new smartphones, called Xperia Z1S and Xperia Tiachi on November 12 in China. The reports indicate that Sony is going to held a press event next month in Shanghai where it's expected to launch both the smartphones. The company will start sending the invitations for the event soon.
Leaked image of Sony Xperia Z1S
just 3-4 days ago, prolific leaker Evleaks had shared an image of the Xperia Z1S and revealed that the smartphone will be a variant of Xperia Z1f aka the Z1 Mini. The specifications of this smartphone is still unconfirmed, but speculations are rife that it will feature 4.3-inch 720p display, quad-core Qualcomm Snapdragon 800 processor, 2GB RAM, 16GB of internal storage, 2,300 mAh battery, and will be powered by Android 4.2.2 Jelly Bean OS.
As far as Sony Xperia Taichi is concerned, not much details related to the phone are available at this point, but it's rumoured to be mid-range phablet with a 6-inch display with a 1280×720 resolution and an octa-core MediaTek CPU inside.
According to the reports, these two new smartphones will hit the stores in Chinese markets first before heading to other international markets. While the Sony Xperia Z1S is reported to be launched in other markets like launched India too, we don't think Xperia Taichi will be launched in other markets. The phone is said to be exclusively launched for Chinese market.
Celkon Millennium Vogue Q455 w...
7-inch iBall 3G 7345Q-800 with...
Huawei unveils limited edition...
PreviousBBM for Android & iOS downloaded over 10 million times in 24 hours
NextSamsung fined in Taiwan for defaming HTC smartphones
Nokia 109 : An affordable Handset Launched for Rs.2,300
XOLO likely to launch Q1000S 5-inch 720p display smartphone with Android 4.2 and 13MP camera
Purported images of Lenovo X910 appear online
Google Nexus 5 and Nexus 7 (2013) India launch scheduled for Nov 12: Report


text:
jasonkeck
Everything posted by jasonkeck
2019 NCAA Wrestling Championship Tickets Thread (Requests, etc.: Merged Topics)
jasonkeck replied to restlefan's topic in College Wrestling
I have one lower level all sessions ticket in Section 102 (center of arena), row F (six rows from the floor). If interested pm me and make offer. (still available)
Thread for NCAA tickets for sale
jasonkeck replied to zonaclone's topic in College Wrestling
I have two upper level ALL SESSION tickets willing to sell for half price. Let me know if you are interested. I will deliver the tickets to the arena tomorrow prior to the session starting or can make other arrangements if necessary.
NCAA Tickets for sale
Wrestling Combine in Kansas City Oct. 1st & 2nd 7th-12th Grade
jasonkeck replied to jasonkeck's topic in High School Wrestling
We will exceed 100 wrestlers today who have registered for the upcoming combine that is just a little over a week away. Thank you to all those parents and athletes who are taking advantage of this opportunity.
FYI - There is a Saturday only ($50) and Sunday only ($40) option offered through the registration process for those that cannot commit to both days. We are filling up quickly so do not wait until the last minute and be shut out due to the combine reaching its capacity. www.missouriwrestling.com/combine/
We are now up to 27 colleges that will be attending the combine the first weekend in October. Get Recruited. See the schools committed to coming at www.missouriwrestling.com/combine/
jasonkeck posted a topic in High School Wrestling
MissouriWrestling.com and Greater Heights Wrestling are co-sponsoring a wrestling combine to be held at Park Hill High School in Kansas City, Missouri on October 1st and 2nd. Park Hill HS has won four consecutive state titles in the 4A (largest class in MO) and the Greater Heights Wrestling club had 7 Fargo All-Americans, including a National Champ, this past July. The Greater Heights youth club has won 13 consecutive Missouri State Youth Team Titles and had 17 state champions in 2016. Not only will there be Park Hill and Greater Heights wrestlers in attendance, but this combine is open to any and all wrestlers from all over the country who are interested in wrestling in college. Currently as of today there are 22 colleges committed to attending the combine and the schools range from DI, DII, DIII, NAIA and JUCO. You can check out a complete list of schools and register at www.missouriwrestling.com/combine/ Cost of the combine is only $90. There are numerous hotel options within a 5-10 mile radius from Park Hill HS which is located at 7701 NW Barry Road, Kansas City, MO 64153. The schedule is as follows: Sessions are set as follows: Saturday, Oct. 1st Session 1 9:30-11:30am Q&A with coaches and athletes 2-3pm Session 2 3:00-5:00pm Sunday, Oct. 2nd Session 3 9:30-11:30am For more information email Coach Keck at jasonkeck@yahoo.com
4 NCAA Tickets for Sale
jasonkeck posted a topic in College Wrestling
I have four NCAA tickets for sale. They are in the 300 level of the arena and are all next to one another. I can overnight tickets or bring them to the venue on Thursday. Asking face value for the tickets. If interested please email me at jasonkeck@yahoo.com


text:
Zelensky calls for more sanctions against Russia
Volodymyr Zelensky has urged countries to hit Russia with more sanctions in response to "a new wave of terror" after Monday's attacks on Ukraine.
At least 19 people were killed and scores more injured as Russian missiles hit regions across the country.
Defiant, he said the attacks will only "delay our recovery a little".
Following more strikes on Tuesday, Zelensky called on the West to find new ways to apply political pressure to Russia and support Ukraine.
The calls came after he met the G7 group of nations for emergency virtual talks on Tuesday.
The bloc – which consists of Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, the UK and US – promised to continue providing "financial, humanitarian, military, diplomatic and legal" support to his country "for as long as it takes".
Zelensky said: "For such a new wave of terror there must be a new wave of responsibility for Russia – new sanctions, new forms of political pressure and new forms of support for Ukraine."
"The terrorist state must be deprived of even the thought that any wave of terror can bring it anything."
Russian President Vladimir Putin said the attacks were retaliation for Saturday's explosion on a key bridge linking Russia to Crimea.
Western countries have already placed widespread sanctions against Russian businesses as well as allies of President Putin since the invasion of Ukraine in February.
This includes removing major Russian banks from the international financial messaging system Swift, and sanctioning more than 1 000 Russian individuals and businesses – including oligarchs.
While the US has banned all Russian oil and gas imports, the EU has been reluctant to do so because it relies on Russia for about 40% of its gas needs.
Monday's barrage of missile strikes was the heaviest bombardment Ukraine has seen since the early days of the war. Several strikes hit Kyiv – the first time the capital city has been targeted in months, and previous attacks have not hit the city centre.
Civilian areas including a popular park and children's playground were hit during the morning rush hour. Infrastructure was destroyed, causing a power blackout in many neighbourhoods.
On Tuesday, President Zelensky said 28 more missiles were fired, 20 of which were shot down. These included Iranian combat drones, he said. The BBC has not been able to verify this.
"If it wasn't for today's strikes, we would have already restored the energy supply, water supply and communications that the terrorists damaged yesterday," the president said in his nightly address on Tuesday evening.
"Today, Russia will achieve only one additional thing: it will delay our recovery a little."
He added that restoration works were taking place "quickly and efficiently" throughout the country, and that electricity and communication had been restored to most cities and villages targeted in Monday's attacks.
"Where there was destruction, the infrastructure will be renewed everywhere. Where there were losses, there is already or will be construction," he said.
On Tuesday, reports also emerged of a mass grave being found in recently liberated Lyman, in the eastern Donetsk region.
Pavlo Kyrylenko, head of the Donetsk region's military administration, was quoted by Associated Press as saying that more than 50 bodies of soldiers and civilians had been found in a series of graves. They included Ukrainian soldiers buried together in a mass grave, as well as individual graves holding the bodies of civilians.
"We are finding bodies and parts of bodies here," Kyrylenko said.
Lyman was liberated by Ukrainian troops last month, as part of a rapid counteroffensive that recaptured large parts of the east of the country from Russian forces. (BBC)
Ukraine won't cede land to Russia
The Ukrainian government says it will not agree a ceasefire deal with Russia that involves giving...
Horses getting the feel of the starting gates ahead of today's restart of horse racing at the Garrison Savannah. (Picture by Kenmore Bynoe.)
. . . And they're off!
All systems are go for the resumption of horse racing at the Garrison Savannah. Three months...
The Coast Guard rescue of fishing vessel Sunsea II. (GP)
Coast Guard rescues two fishermen
The Barbados Coast Guard (BCG) conducted a successful search and rescue yesterday for two fishermen...
Dario Taylor (GP)
Man charged with gun crime and breach of curfew
A Christ Church man is scheduled to appear in court today to face three charges. He is...
82-year-old woman succumbs to COVID
An 82-year-old Barbadian woman died from COVID-19, today, Saturday, November 20, at the...
Artist Oneka Small (GP)
VIDEO – Dat Is My Culture
We continue our Countdown To A Republic and host Krystal Penny Bowen talks with artist Oneka Small...
Daughters Jan Keizer (centre) and Debbie Gibson (right) looking at their mother Carlyn Leacock as she lay in repose. (Picture by Nigel Browne)
Carlyn 'beautiful inside and out'
Glowing tribute was paid to Barbados' "First Lady of Song", Carlyn Leacock, by her children...


text:
HOME Russian
October (Ten Days That Shook the World)
RUSSIAN DIRECTOR SERGEI EISENSTEIN'S POWERFUL RETELLING OF THE 1917 RUSSIAN REVOLUTION, OCTOBER IS AN ACKNOWLEDGED MASTERPIECE IN THE USE OF EDITING, LIGHTING, CAMERA PLACEMENT AND MISE-EN-SCENE.
Officially produced to commemorate the 10-year anniversary of the Russian Revolution, October quickly became another of Sergei Eisenstein's experiments in film form. As in his masterpiece, Battleship Potemkin, Eisenstein uses explosive montage to create the spirit of revolution--in this case, the events in St. Petersburg during the months leading up to the Bolshevik revolt. Eisenstein's insistence on speaking the language of pure film (deploying space, shadow, movement, and rhythm to create his meaning) shoves his mad rush of images straight into the viewer's eye. A worker's rebellion in the streets, followed by the raising of bridges to isolate their neighborhood, becomes a visual symphony of panic. The film has also been known as Ten Days That Shook the World, its release title in the U.S. (borrowed from the book by John Reed). Its value as propaganda can be debated, but October is incredibly dynamic as film art. --Robert Horton
Run Time: 95 (Minutes)
Director0: Grigori Aleksandrov
Eisenstein: The Sound Years (Ivan the Te...
Sergei Eisenstein: Autobiography
Battleship Potemkin [Blu-ray]
Strike: Remastered Edition [Blu-ray]
Battleship Potemkin (The Special Edition...


text:
Announcing the NAATP Foundation for Recovery Science and Education
National Addiction Treatment Association Announces the Creation of the Foundation for Recovery Science and Education to Study Treatment Effectiveness for Substance Use Disorder
With America's addiction crisis crippling the nation, skyrocketing rates of substance use and death, particularly with opioid overdose, combined with a lack of access to services and healthcare inequities, the National Association of Addiction Treatment Providers (NAATP) has responded with the creation of a new non-profit entity designed to measure the effectiveness of treatment. The NAATP Foundation for Recovery Science and Education (FoRSE) will conduct the Addiction Treatment Outcomes Program through a new and unique centralized Clinical Data Repository that allows data sharing from diverse populations and technology systems, with the ability to provide site-specific benchmarking reports on aggregated and de-identified data. This will, in turn, allow NAATP to evaluate the outcomes of different services for varied populations as never before.
NAATP CEO Marvin Ventrell said, "As the treatment for the disease of substance use disorder (SUD) establishes its footprint within the larger health care system, it is imperative for its viability, establishment of law and policy, insurance reimbursement, and consumer confidence that providers be able to demonstrate quality of care in the manner the system requires. If we do not do this, we will never be able to successfully address the addiction crisis in this country, and it is a moral imperative that we do so."
With groundwork for the program concluded and documented in NAATP's Outcomes Pilot Program in 2019, NAATP began work on the new foundation in 2020 in preparation for the official launch that will take place at the NAATP National Addiction Leadership Conference, NAATP National 2021, December 7-9 in Denver, CO. FoRSE Executive Director Dr. Annie Peters said, "We are thrilled to present the outcomes program to the addiction treatment national leadership this December. The key to the program's importance is that it is a program of collaborative science, meaning it will focus on partnerships across disciplines to pursue a common mission. We want everyone on board to collect and use data ethically for our shared vision: to help people get more and better care." Peters added, "addiction is treated in many settings, and data must be pooled and analyzed to advocate for a better standard of care. Without these data, we cannot establish the standardized measures that are prerequisite to the effective treatment of any disease."
As part of the work, FoRSE is committed to reducing the racial disparities in healthcare, which will be addressed at NAATP National 2021 as well. Peters said, "Integral to effectiveness and access to care is effectiveness and access to care for all." CEO Ventrell said, "It is essential that FoRSE incorporate NAATP's broader commitment to equity as set forth in our Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion Program."
To date, 18 treatment facilities are participating as early adopter data sites. The program is open to many more participants as it evolves. NAATP Board Chair and FoRSE Founders Campaign Chair Bob Ferguson said, "NAATP members are a motivated community of treatment professionals dedicated to excellent care. They are already effective, and still they are committed to the improvement of the field at large. In addition to the early adopter data sites, we are tremendously grateful to those NAATP FoRSE Founding Donors who have given $1 million already this year."
NAATP Foundation


text:
News & Insights / Blog / What does the future look like for brands?
What does the future look like for brands?
by Michael Karg, Group Chief Executive Officer
Summary of the opening address at Mediatel's "The Future of Brands" Conference by Michael Karg, Group CEO of Ebiquity
A brand is defined as a "name, term, design, symbol, or any other feature that identifies one seller's service as distinct from any other seller's". It is true that some brands have disappeared in the wake of recent digital disruption and transformation – globally-recognized household names like Saab, Blockbuster, Kodak, and Blackberry. At the same time, new brands have risen and grown to be some of the biggest and most powerful brands and businesses on the planet, from Google to Red Bull, Tesla to Alibaba.
So, while it's clear that brands come and go, I believe that there are currently three trends and dynamics in the market that will determine which ones thrive and which ones disappear.
Consumers' unstoppable appetite for services and utilities
The increasing role of word of mouth
The emerging discipline of marketing to machines
The rise of digital – technology, not media – has demonstrated that consumers are very keen on products and services that make life easier, better, and simpler. The on-demand, always-on culture spawned by technology has had a profound impact in the entertainment sector, with books (Amazon), music (Spotify), movies and TV (Netflix). This trend has grown powerful brands in the process. But it has also grown brands in categories previously considered to be of little interest to consumers, from banking and financial services to heating and lighting.
What unites these new or extended brands and categories is utility, and utility is a critical criterion for differentiation and brand health today and into the future. Utility is about making life easier and simpler, with brands becoming super-useful. It's also about making life more fun and entertaining.
Word of mouth is undervalued, underestimated, and frequently misunderstood by many brands. We've always known that consumers trust friends and family in terms of product recommendations. Recommendations from trusted sources drive behavior. According to McKinsey, word of mouth drives 30-50% of all purchase decisions, and this is especially true for first-time buyers. There is also evidence that word of mouth drives more sales than above-the-line advertising, notably in skincare and mobile technology.
TripAdvisor has more than 300m members and 500m reviews, and the site and its content is a major driver of consumer travel behavior. It is one of the most powerful examples of the shift from one-to-one to one-to-many, and the key to that is the application of analytics; the data-driven approach. Brands that succeed in the future will be those that use analytics to understand and harness the power of word of mouth.
The rise and rise of voice search heralds the dawn of another discipline many brands will need to master if they are to thrive. A recent Mindshare/JWT report showed that 31% of smartphone users use voice search at least once a week. Christmas 2017 – Amazon's biggest ever, with 30% more sales than 2016 – saw the company's Alexa-based Echo Dot the best-selling product in any category across Amazon. 40m Americans now own and use smart speakers.
Research shows that voice-based search works differently from text-based search, with consumers using fewer branded terms. This trend is reflected in Duracell losing its market-leading position during 2017, replaced by Amazon Basics batteries, which now have 21% and 31% market share respectively. Clearly, there are strategies brands can use to turn voice search to their advantage, and in this case, it could involve paying Amazon to get on Alexa's shortlist, increasing the overall marketing budget to drive branded search, or creating voice-based stores within Amazon, eBay, and other online marketplaces.
These three trends all highlight the common truths that brands now have more, more complex data to analyze if they are to thrive. Those brands that embrace the data-driven approach need to balance creative with analytics, left-brain with right-brain marketing. Google, Amazon, and Facebook have all used analytics to test and learn which approaches work best, where diminishing returns lie. Other brands are quickly catching up and catching on.
Ebiquity's Chief Strategy Officer, Christian Polman, has written a blog with his reflections on the main themes emerging from the Mediatel conference on the future of brands. Read his blog here.
Ebiquity acquires digital media monitoring firm Digital Decisions
Change and consolidation: dominant themes for media in 2020
Political ads on social under scrutiny
Making way for the science of planning marketing investment
We are a leading independent global marketing and media consultancy
Ebiquity plc - a company listed on the London Stock Exchange (AIM:EBQ)
Part of the Ebiquity Group:
Anti Bribery Policy
Suspicious Emails
Statement of Independence
©2020 Ebiquity plc. All rights reserved.


text:
Mathematics Education Centre
Dr Camilla Gilmore
Reader in Mathematical Cognition
Member, Senior Management Group
c.gilmore@lboro.ac.uk
SCH.0.30 (Schofield Building)
Mathematical Cognition Group
External activities
I completed my undergraduate and graduate studies at Nottingham (BSc Psychology), Reading (MSc Psychology Research Methods) and Oxford (DPhil Experimental Psychology). Following this I worked as a postdoc in the Psychology Department at Harvard University and was then a Research Fellow in the Learning Sciences Research Institute at Nottingham for 5 years. I moved to the MEC in 2011.
Mathematical cognition in adults and children.
Mathematical learning difficulties and dyscalculia.
Conceptual and procedural understanding of mathematics.
My recent research projects have been funded by Action Medical Research, British Academy, ESRC, Nuffield Foundation, and Royal Society.
Please see my personal webpage for details of current projects.
Mathematics Learning Support Centre
Our award-winning mathematics and statistics support.
The School of Science
We are part of the School of Science, find out more.
Information for current staff
The MEC intranet
Internal information for staff
Health & Safety website
How to contact us by telephone, email or in writing.


text:
Archbishop Nichols: Travelling in a Mercedes made me feel uneasy
David V Barrett
Archbishop Vincent Nichols of Westminster has said that travelling in a silver Mercedes to meet business leaders in London made him start questioning himself.
In a homily at a Mass with seminarians at Walsingham last weekend, he said he had asked himself if he should be following Pope Francis's example of using older cars. "What am I doing here? What do I know about questions involving the regulation of the finance industry?" he said. "I also thought that I should be in a Ford Focus (or even a battered old Renault 4), heading off to one of the many economically deprived parts of London!"
But a phrase came to his mind, he said. "It consoled me, and also gave me a sense of identity and purpose as Canary Wharf drew near. The phrase is one often used by Pope Francis to describe our fundamental vocation, a title given to us in baptism and lived out in our own particular vocation. I am a 'missionary disciple'. That is what I am and why I am in this car.
"This is where the Lord wants me to be. This is his initiative. So no matter how uncomfortable I feel in the silver Mercedes I am there only because he wants me there. So, this is the Lord's business. To remember that is a great liberation."
Archbishop Nichols also said: "Often, as a celebrant and preacher, I am quite dissatisfied. I have not spoken well. The congregation seem
restless and distracted, the servers are shuffling around behind me.
"But then a great peace can come to me. I am here, as a priest, at this and every Mass, to do one thing above all else. It is to lift Him up… I lift him up: his body, broken and given for us; his blood, poured out for us. And, for those moments, the church falls silent, all heads are raised and bowed. It happens."
This article first appeared in print edition of The Catholic Herald dated 20/9/13
Tags Archbishop Nichols Pope Francis Vincent Nichols Walsingham
Eric Gill: a moral problem
'It is true, it is true, it is true'
Aubrey Beardsley epitomised 1890s decadence. His conversion changed everything
It's all about power… 'British Baroque' at Tate Britain
How a militaristic goddess became the Venus of Western art
Is that it? The National Gallery's 'immersive' Leonardo show
When people really believed in fairies
An Egyptian extravaganza that costs an arm and a leg


text:
Planned La Pine, OR Biomass Facility Hinges on Market
- by Dylan J. Darling, March 17, 2015, Bend Bulletin
[[{"type":"media","view_mode":"media_large","fid":"423","attributes":{"alt":"","class":"media-image","style":"width: 333px; height: 171px; margin: 3px 10px; float: left;","title":"Photo: Biomass Magazine"}}]]A wood-burning power plant remains a possibility for La Pine, with the city now taking the lead on the project from Deschutes County and the company behind it waiting for a change in the energy market.
"It's just been on hold due to market conditions," said Rob Broberg, president of Biogreen Sustainable Energy Co., based in Vancouver, Washington. "And we plan on holding out until we are able to market and sell power."
The company must find an energy buyer to make the planned plant economically viable, said Rick Allen, La Pine city manager.
"They need to find a power company that wants to buy their power," he said. "…That's really the issue."
The $75 million, 25-megawatt biomass plant would produce enough electricity to power about 19,000 homes, Broberg said. The plant would burn wood — limbs and other scrap left over after logging, debris from thinning projects and urban waste — to heat water, create steam and turn a turbine. Interested power companies would likely be in California, where the state requires an increasing percentage of its power to come from "greener" sources such as biomass, wind and solar.
Biogreen has been considering a biomass plant in La Pine, which is surrounded by forest, for more than five years. The company has held land and building permits for the plant with Deschutes County, but those have expired.
Tom Anderson, Deschutes County administrator, said future dealings will be with the city of La Pine. The plant would be in the La Pine Industrial Park, which was county-run and predated the incorporation of the city in 2007.
"Now that the city is incorporated, the county felt it was important to give the city a little more self-determination as to what kind of projects go into the (industrial) park there," Anderson said. Last fall the county and city reached an agreement for the city to manage the remaining land in the 320-acre park while the county still owns the property. About half of the acres are still available.
The power plant would sit on 19½ acres, Broberg said. About 20 people would work at the plant and another 65 or so would work in the forest, gathering wood to burn. Given the number of thinning projects in the forests around La Pine aimed at reducing the chance of large wildfires, he figures there should be a steady supply of wood.
While not helping any group opposed to the planned plant in La Pine, Mike Ewall, executive director of the Pennsylvania-based Energy Justice Network, said his nonprofit has helped stop other biomass projects in Oregon and around the country. He argues that biomass plants are "very polluting and very inefficient."
"Anything that burns anything is not clean energy," he said.
The Energy Justice Network has been fielding questions from people about a potential biofuels plant in Lakeview. The plant, proposed by Red Rock Biofuels in Fort Collins, Colorado, would turn biomass into jet fuel and diesel, which would be shipped by train. The questions include how much air pollution the plant would create and how safe the railway shipping would be.
Calling the plan for biomass in La Pine a "very valuable project," Biogreen's Broberg said the power plant would put off less smoke than wood burned in open air.
Along with securing a power buyer for the planned La Pine plant, hurdles left for Biogreen to clear include water and labor. The plant would use about 300 gallons per minute on the hottest days of the year. Allen said that's how much the whole city of La Pine currently uses on a hot day. City officials would want to be sure the city system could supply enough water to the plant, as as well as to current and future customers.
"The city wants to make sure that we have enough water for commercial expansion," Allen said. La Pine draws groundwater from wells to provide water for the growing city. The current water supply is ample, but not endless.
In 2011, Biogreen faced a labor union complaint saying the company wanted to avoid using union workers to build the plant. Broberg said the company has a tentative agreement with a union and the issue would be resolved if the plant goes ahead. Broberg declined to name the union.
Advocating for the planned biomass plant in La Pine, Roger Lee, executive director for the Economic Development for Central Oregon, said it would bring jobs to La Pine. But Biogreen has a long way to go before building.
"There are lots of complexities," Lee said.