text:
A longhouse or long house is a type of long, proportionately narrow, single-room building for communal dwelling. It has been built in various parts of the world including Asia, Europe, and North America.

Many were built from timber and often represent the earliest form of permanent structure in many cultures. Types include the Neolithic long house of Europe, the Norman Medieval Longhouses that evolved in Western Briton (Tŷ Hir) and Northern France (Longère) and the various types of longhouse built by different cultures among the indigenous peoples of the Americas.

Europe

The Neolithic long house type was introduced with the first farmers of central and western Europe around 5000 BCE, 7,000 years ago. These were farming settlements built in groups of six to twelve and were home to large extended families and kin.
The Germanic cattle-farmer longhouses emerged along the southwestern North Sea coast in the third or fourth century BCE and may be the ancestors of several medieval house types such as the Scandinavian langhus, the English, Welsh and Scottish longhouse variants and the German and Dutch Low German house. The longhouse is a traditional form of shelter.

Some of the medieval longhouse types of Europe that have survived are:

The Western Brittonic 'Dartmoor longhouse' variants in Devon, Cornwall, and Wales where it is known as the Tŷ Hir are often typified by the use of cruck construction It is built along a slope and a single passage gives access to both human and animal shelter under a single roof.
There are dozens of pre 1600 Longhouses remaining on Exmoor and the surrounding area.
Some can be dated using dendrochronology to before 1400 but sites can be much older and have names with a Saxon origin.
Longhouses on Exmoor are typically: -
A single-story building, one room deep, laid out as two crucked bays a cross passage and two crucked bays.
There are many places on and around Exmoor where if you trace a stream up to its source you find a spring and an adjacent Longhouse, being a preferred location.
As glass was not available until the middle of the 16th century, they were oriented loosely East West with openings (for a door and latticed unglazed windows) only in the South wall to provide the maximum shelter from the worst weather and catch the sun.
They are often dug into the hillside,
the lower parts of the walls are formed from rough stone in mud pointing with cob above, as before the 17th century lime cement were virtually unknown.
The floors were not made a true level. Livestock used the lower end. A hole is often provided in the base of the end wall for mucking out.
The cross passage (often misnamed as a breezeway did not pass right through the building) establishes distinct areas for people in one half of the house and livestock in the other, but would only be needed for a couple of months at most in the winter.
There was a fire pit, sometimes with a stone reredos, (Hendre'r-ywydd Uchaf Farmhouse, Denbighshire) the smoke rose to the eaves and passed the through the thatch.
As skills and wealth have increased; after 1500 many had built in settles, most by 1700 would have been adapted and have: separate buildings for livestock, a second storey, stairways, a chimney with bread oven, an outshut (pantry/larder/dairy which was only accessible from inside the house), glazed windows, lime screed floors and at least some decorative plasterwork.
The northwest England type in Cumbria.
The Scottish longhouse, "blackhouse" or taighean-dubha.
The Western French  or maison longue from Lower Brittany, Normandy, Mayenne, Anjou (also in the Cantal, Lozère and the Pyrenees Ariège), is very similar to the western British type with shared livestock quarters and central drain.
The Old Frisian longhouse or Langhuis that developed into the Frisian farmhouse which probably influenced the development of the Gulf house (German: Gulfhaus), which spread along the North Sea coast to the east and north.
The Scandinavian or Viking Langhus/Långhus and mead hall.

Medieval development of the Germanic longhouse
Further developments of the Germanic longhouse during the Middle Ages were the Low German house in northern and especially northwestern Germany and its northern neighbour, the Geestharden house in Jutland including Schleswig, with its variant, the Frisian house. With these house types the wooden posts originally rammed into the ground were replaced by posts supported on a base. The large and well-supported attic enabled large quantities of hay or grain to be stored in dry conditions. This development may have been driven because the weather became wetter over time. Good examples of these houses have been preserved, some dating back to the 16th century. The longhouse was 50 to 60 feet long.

Americas

In North America two groups of longhouses emerged: the Native American/First Nations longhouse of the tribes usually connected with the Iroquois (Haudenosaunee) in the northeast, and a similarly shaped structure which arose independently among the indigenous peoples of the Pacific Northwest Coast.

The longhouses inhabited by the Iroquois were wood boards/bark-covered structures of standardized design "in the shape of an arbor" about  wide providing shelter for several related families. The longhouse had a  central aisle and  compartments, about  long, down each side. The end compartments were usually used for storage. Hearths were spaced about  apart down the aisle, with smoke holes in the roof. Two families shared each hearth. Each longhouse would house several generations of an extended family; a house was built proportionately to the number of families it was expected to contain and might be lengthened over time to accommodate growth. It is possible to infer the population of an Iroquois town from the sizes and number of longhouses it contained.

In South America, the Tucano people of Colombia and northwest Brazil traditionally combine a household in a single long house. The Xingu peoples of central Brazil build a series of longhouses in circular formations forming round villages. The ancient Tupi people of the Brazilian coast used to do this as well. The Yanomami people of Brazil and Venezuela build a round hut with a thatched roof that has a hole in the middle, called shabono, which could be considered a sort of longhouse.

Asia

Ancient Mumun pottery period culture
In Daepyeong, an archaeological site of the Mumun pottery period in Korea, longhouses have been found that date to circa 1100-850 BC. Their layout seems to be similar to those of the Iroquois. In these, several fireplaces were arranged along the longitudinal axis of the building. Later, the ancient Koreans started raising their buildings on stilts, so that the inner partitions and arrangements are somewhat obscure. The size of the buildings and their placement within the settlements may point to buildings for the nobles of their society or some sort of community or religious buildings. In Igeum-dong, an excavation site in South Korea, the large longhouses, 29 and 26 metres long, are situated between the megalithic cemetery and the rest of the settlement.

Taiwan
The longhouse may be an old building tradition among the people of Austronesian origin or intensive contact. The Austronesian language group seems to have spread to southeast Asia and the Pacific islands as well as Madagascar from the island of Taiwan. Groups like the Siraya of ancient Taiwan built longhouses and practiced head hunting, as did, for example the later Dayaks of Borneo.

Borneo

Many of the inhabitants of the Southeast Asian island of Borneo (now Indonesian Kalimantan, East Malaysia and Brunei Darussalam), the Dayak, live traditionally in buildings known as longhouses: rumah betang in Indonesia and rumah panjang in Malay. Common to most of these is that they are built raised off the ground on stilts and are divided into a more or less public area along one side and a row of private living quarters lined along the other side. This seems to have been the way of building best accustomed to life in the jungle in the past, as otherwise hardly related people have come to build their dwellings in similar ways. One may observe similarities to South American jungle villages also living in large single structures. They are raised and built over a hill, flooding presents little inconvenience and the height acts as defence against enemy attacks. Some longhouses are quite large; up to 1152m. The entire architecture is designed and built as a standing tree with branches to the right and left with the front part facing the sunrise while the back faces the sunset. The longhouse building acts as the normal accommodation and a house of worship for religious activities. The entry could double as a canoe dock. Cooling air could circulate underneath the raised floor of the dwelling, and the elevated living areas were more likely to catch above-ground breezes. Livestock could shelter underneath the longhouses for greater protection from predators and the elements. In fact, chickens coops were hung from the main room structure for easy feeding.

Old longhouses in Asia were made of tree trunks as structure members, long leaves as the roof cover, split bamboo or small tree trunks as the flooring and tree bark as the wall coverings. In the past, longhouses were primarily made out of timber sourced from trees such as Eusideroxylon zwageri (Bornean ironwood) so the longhouses were able to stand firm and durable. In modern times many of the older longhouses have been replaced with buildings using more modern materials, like brick or cement, but of similar design.

Many place names in Borneo have "Long" in their name (which means river) and most of these are or once were longhouses.

Siberut

A traditional house type of the Sakuddei people, on the island of Siberut, part of the Mentawai Islands some 130 kilometres (81 mi) to the west off the coast of Sumatra (Sumatera), Indonesia is also described as a longhouse on stilts. Some five to ten families may live in each, but they are organized differently inside from those on Borneo. From front to back, such a house, called an "uma", regularly consists of an open platform serving as the main entrance place, followed by a covered gallery. The inside is divided into two rooms, one behind the other. On the back there is another platform. The whole building is raised on short stilts about half a metre off the ground. The front platform is used for general activities while the covered gallery is the favorite place for the men to host guests, and where the men usually sleep. The following first room is entered by a door and contains a central communal hearth and a place for dancing. There are also places for religious and ritual objects and activities. In the adjoining room the women and their small children as well as unmarried daughters sleep, usually in compartments divided into families. The platform on the back is used by the women for their everyday activities. Visiting women usually enter the house here.

Vietnam

The Mnong and Rade of Vietnam also have a tradition of building longhouses () that may be  long. In contrast to the jungle versions of Borneo these sport shorter stilts and seem to use a veranda in front of a short (gable) side as main entrance.

Nepal
The Rana Tharu is an ethnic group indigenous to the western Terai of Nepal. Most of them prefer living in longhouses called Badaghar with big families of many generations, sometimes 40-50 people. All household members pool their labor force, contribute their income, share the expenditure and use one kitchen. Traditionally, their houses are built entirely using natural materials such as reed poles for walls and thatch for roofing.

See also
 Housebarn, a related structure
 Indonesian architecture
 Igloo
 Tipi
 Wigwam
 Nakamal, a similar building built by communities in Vanuatu
 Wharenui, a similar structure built by the Māori people of New Zealand
 Dorset culture, a Paleo-Eskimo culture that also built longhouses
 Kampong (village)
 Vernacular architecture

References

Bibliography
For the longhouses in Sarawak on Borneo, these books were used as sources, among others:
 Morrison, Hedda. [1962] (Fifth impression 1974). Life in a Longhouse – Borneo Literature Bureau Kuching, Sarawak, Malaysia. Printed in Hong Kong by Dai Nippon Printing Co. (Int.) Ltd. – with translations to Malay, Iban and Chinese (Pendiau Dirumah Panjai – Kehidupan Di-Rumah Panjang).
Short introduction text followed by the photo section (ca. 170) with quite detailed descriptions to each photo in the four languages.
 Dickson, M.G. [1962] (Third edition (revised) 1968). Sarawak and its People – Borneo Literature Bureau. Printed in Hong Kong by Dai Nippon Printing Co. (Int.) Ltd.
Basic school book keeping the language simple and explaining things so children unaware of the world outside of their village can easily understand. Yet, as school books often are, very rich in information. On page 100 is a drawing of a longhouse (cut open) with a detailed description. Some of the photos are from Hedda Morrison; see her book Life in a Longhouse.

Further reading
 Inside Austronesian Houses: Perspectives on domestic designs for living with long sections on Borneo longhouses.
 Population listing of some of the ethnic groups of Sarawak, Malaysia.
 Borneo (Kalimantan) Kenyah-Kayan traditional art.
 Robert J. Barrett (file dated 6 May 2004), "Space, repetition and collective interlocution: Psychiatric interviews in a Borneo longhouse" (pdf format). Communication & Medicine 1(1) (2004), pp. 25–34.Dense study of schizophrenia, but includes two pages of "2. Longhouse architecture: Ruai, bilik and sadau", with a plan view and elevation view; and detailed references.
 The Pagan Tribes of Borneo by Charles Hose and William McDougall from 1912. Somewhat pov as can be expected for the time and quite wrong on some ethnic points, still a good source for the architecture of the time and other things like clothing. Seems to center on the Kayan within Sarawak with regards to the difference to other groups. (Gutenberg project complete text)
 Royal Ontario Museum: longhouse village View a North American longhouse village, Ontario, Canada.
 Exhibitions & Galleries: World Culture Galleries: Gallery of Canada: First Peoples
 Collections & Research Online image collection.
 The Potlatch Longhouse (Haida potlatches and longhouses)

House types
Architecture in Malaysia
Rumah adat
Vernacular architecture
Indigenous architecture of the Americas


text:
Film und Foto, ook wel bekend onder de afkorting FiFo, was een fototentoonstelling die in 1929 door de Deutsche Werkbund werd georganiseerd in Stuttgart, Duitsland. De volledige titel luidde Film und Foto. Internationale Ausstellung des Deutschen Werkbunds. De tentoonstelling, gehouden aan de Interimtheaterplatz, opende in mei 1929 en gaf een internationaal overzicht van de contemporaine fotografie. De tentoonstelling markeerde de internationale doorbraak van de Nieuwe Fotografie.

Organisatie
De tentoonstelling werd georganiseerd door de Deutsche Werkbund. Directeur en intitatiefnemer was Gustav Stotz, directeur van de Württemberger onderafdeling van de Werkbund.
De internationale tentoonstelling kende verschillende landensecties. Verantwoordelijk hiervoor waren erkende specialisten. Otto Bauer, Mia Seeger, László Moholy-Nagy en Gustav Stotz maakten de selectie voor Duitsland, Piet Zwart voor Nederland, El Lissitzky voor de USSR, Edward Steichen en Edward Weston voor de Verenigde Staten en F.T. Gubler en Siegfried Giedion voor Zwitserland. Hans Richter was verantwoordelijk voor de film-sectie.

Tentoonstelling in Stuttgart
Op de tentoonstelling waren circa 1200 werken te zien van zo'n 150 fotografen, uit onder meer Duitsland, Oostenrijk, Zwitserland, Tsjechoslowakije, Frankrijk, Engeland, Nederland, België, de USSR en de Verenigde Staten.
Daarnaast was er veel anoniem werk te zien in de genres journalistieke fotografie, reclamefotografie, wetenschappelijke fotografie en amateurfotografie.
De tentoonstelling was spraakmakend, kreeg veel aandacht in de pers en had veel bezoekers. De tentoonstelling was tevens aanleiding voor het boek Foto-Auge/Oeil et Photo/Photo-eye van fotograaf Frans Roh en grafisch ontwerper Jan Tschichold.

Nederlandse inzending
Piet Zwart was de secretaris van de Nederlandse inzending, die werken bevatte van Henri Berssenbrugge, Jan Kamman, Gerrit Kiljan, Lajos d'Ebneth, Dr. Denis Mulder, Paul Schuitema en Zwart zelf.
Van Joris Ivens werd de film De Brug vertoond.

Navolging
De tentoonstelling kreeg in de periode 1929-1931 in aangepaste vorm een vervolg in Zürich, Berlijn, Gdansk (Danzig), Wenen, Zagreb, München, Tokio en Osaka.

Fotografietentoonstelling
Stuttgart

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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Hart-familien er en canadisk familie, hvis historie i lang tid har været forbundet med wrestling. Familiens patriark er wrestlinglegende Stu Hart, der var amatørwrestler og professionel wrestler, promotor og træner. Stu Hart ejede sin egen wrestlingorganisation, Stampede Wrestling, og han trænede flere af de bedste wrestlere i verden, heriblandt Chris Jericho, Chris Benoit og Edge. Hans sønner, Bret Hart og Owen Hart, opnåede ligeledes international succes i World Wrestling Federation (WWF).

Se også
 Hart - personer med efternavnet Hart.

Wrestling
Wrestlere fra Canada


text:
Le prix Filmfare du meilleur réalisateur en télougou est une récompense attribuée par le magazine indien Filmfare dans le cadre des Filmfare Awards South annuels pour les films en télougou (Tollywood).

Réalisateurs récompensés
Les années mentionnées sont celles de la sortie du film. La cérémonie a lieu l'année suivante.
 1972 : Kadiri Venkata Reddy - Sri Krishna Satya
 1973 : T. Rama Rao - Jeevana Tharangaalu
 1974 : K. Viswanath - O Seeta Katha
 1975 : K. Viswanath - Jeevana Jyothi
 1976 : Bapu - Seetha Kalyanam
 1977 : K. Raghavendra Rao - Prema Lekhalu
 1978 : K. Balachander - Maro Charithra
 1979 : Dasari Narayana Rao - Gorintaku
 1980 : Bapu - Vamsa Vruksham
 1981 : Dasari Narayana Rao - Premabhishekam
 1982 : K. Viswanath - Subhalekha
 1983 : K. Viswanath - Saagara Sangamam
 1984 : Jandhyala Subramanya Sastry - Srivariki Premalekha
 1985 : Singeetam Srinivasa Rao - Mayuri
 1986 : K. Viswanath - Swathi Muthyam
 1987 : K. Viswanath - Shrutilayalu
 1988 : M. V. Raghu - Kallu
 1989 : Mani Ratnam - Geethanjali
 1990 : K. Raghavendra Rao - Jagadeka Veerudu Athiloka Sundari
 1991 : Kranthi Kumar - Seetharamaiah Gari Manavaralu
 1992 : K. Viswanath - Aapathbandhavudu
 1993 : K. Raghavendra Rao - Allari Priyudu
 1994 : S. V. Krishna Reddy - Shubha Lagnam
 1995 : K. Viswanath - Subha Sankalpam
 1996 : Krishna Vamsi - Ninne Pelladata
 1997 : K. Raghavendra Rao - Annamayya
 1998 : Krishna Vamsi - Anthapuram
 1999 : B. Gopal - Samarasimha Reddy
 2000 : K. Vijaya Bhaskar - Nuvve Kavali
 2001 : Teja - Nuvvu Nenu
 2002 : Krishna Vamsi - Khadgam
 2003 : Gunasekhar - Okkadu
 2004 : Sukumar - Arya
 2005 : Trivikram Srinivas - Athadu
 2006 : Puri Jagannadh - Pokiri
 2007 : Sekhar Kammula - Happy Days
 2008 : Radhakrishna Jagarlamudi - Gamyam
 2009 : S. S. Rajamouli - Magadheera
 2010 : Radhakrishna Jagarlamudi - Vedam
 2011 : Sreenu Vaitla - Dookudu
 2012 : S. S. Rajamouli - Eega
 2013 : Trivikram Srinivas - Atharintiki Daaredi
 2014 : Vikram Kumar - Manam
 2015 : S. S. Rajamouli - La Légende de Baahubali - 1re partie
 2016 : Vamsi Paidipally - Oopiri''

Notes et références

South
Distinction fondée en 1972


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Jasus lalandii, the Cape rock lobster or West Coast rock lobster, is a species of spiny lobster found off the coast of Southern Africa. It is not known whom the specific epithet lalandii commemorates, although it may the French naturalist and taxonomer Pierre Antoine Delalande.

Distribution
Jasus lalandii occurs in shallow waters from Cape Cross, Namibia to Algoa Bay, South Africa, straddling the Cape of Good Hope. It may be found as deep as  and is usually found on rocky bottoms.

Culinary use
It is called crayfish () and is often braaied, particularly in the coastal areas along its range, however overfishing has depleted stocks.

Description

Orange to red-brown, with long antennae extending from the front of the head. Tail fan orange, blue and green. Thorax spiny. Eyes black and stalked.

Ecology

Generally found on rocky reefs, where it prefers the shelter of crevices. Often seen in groups with antennae protruding from the shelter. Swims backward in emergencies using the tail, but generally crawls around on the reef.

Its predators include seals, sharks and large fish.
It is susceptible to low oxygen levels in the water which may cause mass strandings.

Feeding
Jasus lalandii is a generalist predator and scavenger of mussels, sea urchins, abalone, barnacles, among other thing. When both abalone and sea urchins are available, rock lobsters preferentially feed on abalone. Which could be due to the higher calorific value of the sea urchins. In its choice for sea snails it selects prey below the critical size as attacking these prey is likely to involve the least risk. Small prey sea snails are opened by cracking the whole shell, while larger individuals are cracked sequentially by chipping parts of the shell until the muscular foot can be extracted. This indicates that overall J. lalandii optimizes the energetic returns from feeding while minimizing the risk involved.

Fishery
Jasus lalandii may grow up to a total length of , with a carapace length of . It is widely caught for its meat, with over 6,500 t being caught annually in lobster pots and hoop nets. In order to prevent overfishing, individual fishing quotas are allocated by the Republic of South Africa to fishermen and companies, totalling 1,700 t. There is also a closed season from 1 June to 15 November, a size limit of 80 mm (carapace length) and a ban on catching ovigerous females (females which are brooding their eggs).

References

Achelata
Edible crustaceans
Commercial crustaceans
Crustaceans of the Atlantic Ocean
Crustaceans described in 1837
Taxa named by Henri Milne-Edwards


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Вьоза́н () — коммуна во Франции, находится в регионе Юг — Пиренеи. Департамент — Жер. Входит в состав кантона Миранд. Округ коммуны — Миранд.

Код INSEE коммуны — 32466.

География

Коммуна расположена приблизительно в 630 км к югу от Парижа, в 85 км западнее Тулузы, в 30 км к югу от Оша.

На западе коммуны протекает река , а на востоке — река .

Климат
Климат умеренно-океанический. Лето жаркое и немного дождливое, температура часто превышает 35 °С. Зимой часто бывает отрицательная температура и ночные заморозки. Годовое количество осадков — 700—900 мм.

Население
Население коммуны на 2010 год составляло 110 человек.

Администрация

Экономика
В 2010 году среди 59 человек трудоспособного возраста (15-64 лет) 42 были экономически активными, 17 — неактивными (показатель активности — 71,2 %, в 1999 году было 63,6 %). Из 42 активных жителей работали 38 человек (21 мужчина и 17 женщин), безработных было 4 (2 мужчин и 2 женщины). Среди 17 неактивных 6 человек были учениками или студентами, 8 — пенсионерами, 3 были неактивными по другим причинам.

Примечания

Ссылки

 Официальный сайт

Коммуны департамента Жер


text:
Яворце () — село в Польщі, у гміні Карчміська Опольського повіту Люблінського воєводства.

Примітки

Села Опольського повіту (Люблінське воєводство)


text:
Ioan Petcu (* 1. Mai 1959 in Hunedoara) ist ein ehemaliger rumänischer Fußballspieler und derzeitiger -trainer. Er bestritt insgesamt 391 Spiele in der rumänischen Divizia A und der ungarischen Nemzeti Bajnokság.

Karriere als Spieler
Petcu begann seine Karriere in seiner Heimatstadt Hunedoara bei Corvinul. Dort erlebte er die erfolgreichste Zeit des Vereins als Spieler mit, als der Verein unter Trainer Mircea Lucescu nach dem Aufstieg 1980 zur rumänischen Spitze gehörte und sich in der Saison 1981/82 für den UEFA-Pokal qualifizieren konnte. Petcu blieb Corvinul bis zum Jahr 1990 treu, als er nach dem Ende des Kommunismus ins Ausland wechselte und sich APEP Pelendriou anschloss, das in der 2. Liga Zyperns spielte. Dieser Wechsel brachte Petcu nicht den erhofften Erfolg, so dass er schon 1991 nach Ungarn weiterzog und sich Diósgyőri VTK anschloss. Schon nach einem Jahr kehrte er nach Rumänien zurück und beendete nach zwei weiteren Spielzeiten bei Corvinul, das mittlerweile in die Divizia B abgestiegen war, im Jahr 1994 seine Karriere.

Nationalmannschaft
Petcu kam in seiner Laufbahn auf zwei Einsätze für die rumänische Fußballnationalmannschaft, die allerdings fast vier Jahre auseinander lagen. Sein Debüt gab er am 1. Mai 1982 gegen Zypern, sein zweites und letztes Länderspiel bestritt er am 2. März 1986 gegen Ägypten.

Karriere als Trainer
Nach dem Ende seiner aktiven Laufbahn war Petcu zunächst als Trainer bei Corvinul tätig. Der Klub verpasste 1995 als Zweitplatzierter seiner Staffel den Aufstieg in die Divizia A, nachdem das Relegationsspiel gegen Sportul Studențesc, den Drittletzten der Divizia Națională 1994/95, mit 0:1 verloren ging. Später wurde Petcu Trainer bei Mureșul Deva und Aurul Certej und war im Herbst 2004 Coach des Drittligisten Aurul Brad, bevor er im Frühjahr 2005 den Zweitligisten Unirea Sânnicolau Mare trainierte. Nachdem die örtlichen Behörden dem Verein im Sommer 2005 keine weitere finanzielle Unterstützung mehr zusagten, übernahm Petcu stattdessen das Traineramt bei dem neu gegründeten FC Corvinul 2005 Hunedoara. Im Sommer 2006 kehrte er zu Unirea Sânnicolau Mare zurück, der als Tabellenletzter der Saison 2005/06 in die Liga III abgestiegen war. 2008 wurde der Aufstieg in die Liga II geschafft, doch die Vereinsführung entschloss sich, das Zweitligastartrecht an den neu gegründeten FCM Târgu Mureș zu verkaufen. Petcu verließ den finanziell instabilen Verein und kehrte am 24. August 2008 zu FC Corvinul 2005 Hunedoara zurück. Im September 2008 musste der Verein jedoch vor dem 7. Spieltag der Liga III den Spielbetrieb einstellen und zog sich am 28. Oktober 2008 endgültig aus der Meisterschaft zurück. Anschließend fand Petcu keinen neuen Verein, bis er am 6. Juli 2009 als neuer Trainer von FC Bihor Oradea vorgestellt wurde. Nach der Heimniederlage gegen FC Baia Mare am 24. Oktober 2009 wurde sein Trainervertrag jedoch wieder aufgelöst. 2010 wurde er zunächst Sportdirektor des Drittligisten FC Hunedoara und übernahm am 2. November 2010 auch das Traineramt, nachdem der bisherige Trainer Eusebiu Șuvagău seinen Rücktritt erklärt hatte. Obwohl die Mannschaft zu diesem Zeitpunkt Tabellenspitzenreiter in ihrer Staffel war, verpasste sie am Saisonende als Fünftplatzierter den Aufstieg in die Liga II. Ioan Petcu wurde daraufhin im Juli 2011 entlassen.

Einzelnachweise

Weblinks
 Ioan Petcu auf romaniansoccer.ro (englisch)

Fußballnationalspieler (Rumänien)
Fußballspieler (Corvinul Hunedoara)
Fußballspieler (Diósgyőri VTK)
Fußballtrainer (Corvinul Hunedoara)
Fußballtrainer (FC Bihor Oradea)
Rumäne
Geboren 1959
Mann


text:
The River Laggan is a small river on the Scottish island of Islay. Having gathered the waters of the Kilennan River, Barr River and Duich River / Torra River it enters the sea at the north end of Laggan Bay off Loch Indaal.

References

External links

Landforms of Islay
Laggan


text:
Donkey Kong 3 (jap.: , Hepburn: Donkī Kongu Surī) ist ein Shoot-'em-up-Arcade-Spiel, das im Jahr 1983 von Nintendos Entwicklerstudio Nintendo Research & Development 1 entwickelt wurde. Es ist der Nachfolger von Donkey Kong Jr. und wurde später für das Nintendo Entertainment System (NES) bzw. den Family Computer (Famicom) portiert. Es ist der letzte Ableger einer dreiteiligen Serie von Donkey-Kong-Arcade-Spielen und unterscheidet sich nach übereinstimmender Meinung einiger Tester stark von seinen Vorgängern. Das Spiel konnte vom Erfolg her nicht an den ersten Teil der Reihe, Donkey Kong, anknüpfen.

Spielprinzip
Donkey Kong 3 ist ein Shoot-'em-up-Spiel, das Ideen von Space Firebird, einem früheren Nintendo-Arcade-Spiel, aufgreift und sie in eine neue Umgebung bringt. Donkey Kong hängt in Donkey Kong 3 an Ranken in der Mitte des Bildschirms, und der vom Spieler kontrollierte Stanley, der Kammerjäger, rennt und springt auf Plattformen unter ihm. Stanley kann sowohl auf Donkey Kong als auch auf Insekten, die durch die Level fliegen, Insektenspray abfeuern. Ein Level ist abgeschlossen, wenn Donkey Kong, weil er permanent mit Insektenspray besprüht wird, an die oberste Stelle des Bildschirms zu klettern gezwungen wird, oder indem alle Insekten getötet werden. Eine Superspraydose fällt auf die Reben herunter, wenn Donkey Kong weit genug nach oben gejagt wurde. Das Superspray hält nur eine begrenzte Zeit lang an und lässt Donkey Kong viel schneller nach oben klettern, wodurch es einfacher wird, das Level zu beenden. Es entsteht nur zu Beginn eines jeden Versuchs. Die Insekten sind u. a. Bienenköniginnen, die bei Zerstörung in tödliche Stücke zerfallen, Schmetterlinge, Käfer, Motten und Weinfresser. Einige der Insekten versuchen, die Blumen am unteren Bildschirmrand aufzunehmen und wegzutragen. Verlorene Blumen verringern den Bonus am Ende eines Levels.

Es gibt insgesamt drei Level in einer festgelegten Reihenfolge, die sich nach Beenden des Spiels wiederholen.

Handlung
Im Spiel steuert der Spieler den Gewächshausgärtner Stanley, der Donkey Kong mit seiner Sprühpistole ein Gewächshaus hinauftreiben muss, während dieser unentwegt Insekten aufscheucht, die Stanley angreifen. Durch die Sprühpistole enthält das Spiel Shoot-'em-up-Elemente.

Nachfolger, Portierung und Neuveröffentlichungen

Nachfolger

1984 entwickelte Hudson Soft einen inoffiziellen Nachfolger von Donkey Kong 3 für die ausschließlich in Japan erschienenen Spielkonsolen NEC PC-8801, NEC PC-6601, Sharp X1 und FM-7 mit dem Titel Donkey Kong 3: The Great Counterattack (jap.:ドンキーコング3 大逆襲, Hepburn: Donkī Kongu Surī Dai Gyakushū). Das Spiel unterscheidet sich erheblich vom Original. Während das Insektenspray aus dem Original-Spiel, mit dem Donkey Kong in die Luft gejagt wird, erhalten bleibt, werden 20 neue Hintergründe im Freien geboten, darunter eine Brücke, der Planet Saturn, eine Wüste, eine Pyramide und eine Autobahn. Nachdem der Spieler das 20. Level abgeschlossen hat, beginnt das Spiel in Level 21 vor vorne. Stanley kann sich nur von links nach rechts bewegen und nicht springen.

Jahrzehntelang war Donkey Kong 3: The Great Counterattack für die Videospiel-Community außerhalb Japans praktisch unzugänglich. Im Dezember 2017 wurde eine seltene Kopie der Sharp X1-Version von Fans bei Yahoo! Auctions erworben. Im Februar 2018 wurde das Spiel dem Rest der Welt per Emulation zur Verfügung gestellt.

Game-&-Watch-Portierung

Eine Game-&-Watch-Version des Spiels hat ein anderes Gameplay. In dieser Version kontrolliert Spieler 1 Stanley und der Computer (oder Spieler 2) Donkey Kong in einem Duell gegeneinander, indem sie mit Sprühdosen sprühen, um die Bienen auf die andere Seite zu bewegen und die Bienen dazu bringen, ihre Gegner zu stechen. Spieler können bis zu drei Mal mit ihrer Sprühdose sprühen, ist der Tank leer, muss er neu aufgefüllt werden. Eine Version dieses Spiels wurde in das Spiel Game & Watch Gallery 4 für den Game Boy Advance aufgenommen, jedoch mit Mario anstelle von Stanley und einem Buu Huu und einem Feuerball anstelle der Bienen.

Neuveröffentlichungen
Die NES-Version von Donkey Kong 3 wurde für die Virtual Console der Wii, des Nintendo 3DS und der Wii U veröffentlicht, während die Arcade-Version im Nintendo eShop der Nintendo Switch als Teil der Arcade-Archives-Serie von Hamster veröffentlicht wurde. Das Spiel erschien auch in der exklusiv für Mitglieder von Nintendo Switch Online erhältlichen kostenlos aus dem Nintendo eShop der Nintendo Switch herunterladbaren Anwendung Nintendo Entertainment System – Nintendo Switch Online.

Rezeption

Die Bewertungen zu Donkey Kong 3 waren größtenteils durchwachsen. IGN bewertete das Spiel mit 6,0 von insgesamt 10 möglichen Punkten.

Das im Vereinigten Königreich ansässige Videospiel-Fachmagazin Computer and Video Games behauptete, "fast action and superior sound effects" ("schnelle Action und überlegene Soundeffekte") machten Donkey Kong 3 zu einem "sure hit" ("definitiven Hit") in Arcade-Hallen.

Nintendo Life urteilte, dass sich Donkey Kong 3 im Gameplay grundlegend von seinen Vorgängern unterscheidet.

Trivia

 Das Spiel kann in Animal Crossing für den Nintendo GameCube freischaltet werden.
 Eine Trophäe von Stanley, dem Protagonisten des Spiels, kann in Super Smash Bros. Melee für den Nintendo GameCube freigeschaltet werden.

Weblinks
 Offizieller Eintrag bei nintendo.de

Einzelnachweise

Computerspiel 1983
Arcade-Spiel
NES-Spiel
Nintendo Research & Development 1


text:
Der Digital Speech Standard (DSS) ist ein proprietärer (d. h. nicht offener), herstellerübergreifender Audiocodec zur verlustarmen Speicherung von Sprachdaten in Diktiergeräten.

Entstehung

Bereits einige Jahre vor der Markteinführung der ersten digitalen Diktiergeräte entwickelte Grundig in Zusammenarbeit mit der Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg 1994 den ersten DSS-Codec. Der DSS-Standard wurde darauf aufbauend 1997 als Gemeinschaftsentwicklung von Grundig, Olympus und Philips vorgestellt. Zeitgleich gründeten die beteiligten Hersteller ein offenes Standardisierungsgremium - die International Voice Association (IVA)  - zur einheitlichen Spezifizierung und Weiterentwicklung des DSS-Standards.

Durch hohe Anforderungen für die Geräteentwicklung und Lizenzgebühren wird DSS nur in den professionellen Geräten der IVA-Mitglieder verwendet.

Eigenschaften

Der DSS-Audiocodec wurde speziell zur Speicherung menschlicher Sprache entwickelt und benutzt wie das weit bekanntere MP3 ein psychoakustisches Modell. So wird eine relativ hohe Komprimierungsrate bei nur geringen Qualitätsverlusten erreicht. Dennoch verschlechtert sich durch die verlustbehaftete Kompression die Erkennungsrate computergestützter Spracherkennung. Diese Schwäche wurde im nachfolgenden Standard "DSS  Pro" verbessert.

Neben der Optimierung des Speicherbedarfs der Aufnahmen können weitere Informationen zu den Aufnahmen hinzugefügt werden. So können in den Headerdateien der Aufnahmen z. B. eine Autorenkennung ö.Ä. gespeichert werden.

DSS-Dateien können durch spezielle Software weiterverarbeitet werden, die Hersteller der Diktierlösungen bieten entsprechend leistungsfähige Schreibplatzsoftware und Workflow-Management-Programme. Es existieren aber auch kostenlose Abspielprogramme.
Eine Weiterverarbeitung mit anderer Software ist jedoch nicht möglich. Das Demonstrationsprogramm ist nur für Microsoft Betriebssysteme verfügbar. Von Olympus gibt es eine kostenlose Abspielsoftware auch für macOS (DSS-Player Lite), die auf der dortigen Webpage geladen werden kann. Anders als
DSS Player for MAC, wurde die Lite Version der Software seit 2003 allerdings nicht mehr gepflegt und läuft unter macOS Sierra nicht mehr (Stand Okt 2012).

Nach kurzer Untersuchung des DSS-Formats wurden folgende Erkenntnisse gewonnen:
 DSS ist ein Container, der zur Speicherung von unterschiedlichen Codecs benutzt werden kann.
 Zurzeit sind zwei Aufnahmemodi bekannt: LP und SP. LP nutzt G.723.1 Codec.

Der Nachfolger DSS Pro

Der Quasi-Standard für professionelle Anwendungen DSS wurde in seiner zweiten Fassung leicht modernisiert:
Zum einen wurde die Abtastrate auf 16 kHz angehoben, um die Sprachqualität weiter zu verbessern und den Anforderungen von Spracherkennungssoftware besser zu genügen. So ist es jetzt mit einem DSS Pro-Diktiergerät möglich, seine Diktate direkt an die Spracherkennung Dragon NaturallySpeaking zu übergeben. Die ersten Diktiergeräte mit DSS Pro sind das Philips DPM 9600 bzw. 9620 und das Digta 420 in zwei Schiebeschalter Varianten von Grundig Business Systems. Olympus hat mit dem DS-5000 mittlerweile ebenfalls ein DSS Pro fähiges Diktiergerät auf den Markt gebracht.

Einzelnachweise

Audiokompression
Audiosignalformat


text:
Michael McMillan (born 1962) is a British playwright, artist, curator and educator, born in England to parents who were migrants from St Vincent and the Grenadines (SVG). As an academic, he focuses his research on "the creative process, ethnography, oral histories, material culture and performativity". He is the author of several plays, and as an artist his first installation, The West Indian Front Room, was exhibited at the Geffrye Museum in 2005, going on to inspire a 2007 BBC Four documentary Tales from the Front Room, a website, a 2009 book, The Front Room: Migrant Aesthetics in the Home, and various international commissions, such as Van Huis Uit: The Living Room of Migrants in the Netherlands (Imagine IC, Amsterdam, and Netherlands Tour, 2007–08) and A Living Room Surrounded by Salt (IBB, Curaçao, 2008). A more recent installation of the Walter Rodney Bookshop featured as part of the 2015 exhibition No Colour Bar at the Guildhall Art Gallery.

McMillan has said of the range of his work: "I was a painter before I was a playwright/dramatist and through making live art pieces and writing critically about performance, photography, visual arts culture, I have come home in a sense to fine arts, through making mixed-media installations, which given my interest in performativity background can be seen also as theatre sets. My work and practice is often interdisciplinary using mixed media, installations and performance."

Life and career

Michael McMillan was born in 1962 in High Wycombe, UK, of Caribbean migrant heritage; as he has said, "Both my parents came from St Vincent & the Grenadines and ... were 'arrivants', to use Edward Kamau Brathwaite's term, from colonies where they were imbued with English culture." Given this background, he has said, "I grew up with learning three languages: the creole spoken by my parents as a fusion of an English lexicon and an African grammar; the Jamaican English spoken on the streets of Hackney and around London and the London English spoken at school." He won an essay competition, run by Len Garrison's ACER (Afro-Caribbean Education Resource), and after going to FESTAC 77 (the Second World Festival of African Arts and Culture), he wrote his play The School Leaver (1978), which was produced at the Royal Court Theatre's Young Writers' Festival.

McMillan read sociology and African and Asian studies at Sussex University, graduating in 1984, and then earned an MA degree in Independent Film & Video from Central Saint Martins, London, in 1991. From 2000, he was a Royal Literary Fund Writing Fellow at the London College of Communication and went on to become, since 2003, a Visiting Professor of Creative Writing at the University of the Arts London (UAL), and a researcher and Associate Lecturer at the London College of Fashion (LCF), teaching predominantly Cultural & Historical Studies. He was awarded a practice-based Arts Doctorate from Middlesex University in 2010. In 2010–11, he was Arts in Health & Well Being artist-in-residence in North Wales.

Writing

McMillan's interest in oral history and the stories of first-generation Caribbean migrants is reflected in early writings such as Brother to Brother (1996) and The Black Boy Pub & Other Stories (1997), which used recordings of interviews done during a year's residence in High Wycombe, where many of those arriving in particular from SVG had settled. As a dramatist, he has had work performed and produced by the Royal Court Theatre, Channel 4, BBC Radio 4, and in venues across the UK. His play The School Leaver was published by the Black Ink Collective in 1978, when McMillan was 16 years old, and was reprinted several times. His other plays include Master Juba (2006), Babel Junction (2006), and a new translation of Bertholt Brecht's The Good Person of Sezuan, set in Jamaica in the 1980s.

McMillan has written a number of essays and articles in national and international publications, and has presented papers at conferences and symposiums in the UK, Europe, Canada, USA, Caribbean and Brazil, including as keynote speaker at the 2006 "Islands in Between" Conference on Language, Literature & History of the Eastern Caribbean (University of the West Indies, School of Continuing Studies, St. Vincent & the Grenadines).

Installations
Alongside teaching, McMillan has also worked on mixed-media exhibitions and publications. His first installation, The West Indian Front Room (he uses "the term 'West Indian' as it refers to a particular moment of post-World War II Caribbean migration to England and the wider Diaspora"), drew on memories of the domestic setting created by his parents and their like after they migrated to Britain, featuring a recreation of a typical front room of the 1970s to raise  "questions about the constructions of diaspora, identity, race, class and gender in the domestic interior". According to cultural theorist Stuart Hall, "The front room is a conservative element of black domestic life, which is more complex and rich than the generality of the society ever realises"; nevertheless, McMillan recalled in an article in The Guardian: "Growing up in our front room caused me much aesthetic distress. The wallpaper and carpet never seemed to match, and Jim Reeves would be crooning from the Blue Spot radiogram on a Sunday. This room was based on the Victorian parlour and was inscribed with a formal code of behaviour because it was reserved for receiving guests. It was packed with furniture, ornaments and soft furnishings surrounded by a gallery of pictures and photographs." Mounted at London's Geffrye Museum in October 2005, the critically acclaimed exhibition resonated with more than 35,000 visitors who represented a variety of ages, genders and social, cultural and ethnic backgrounds. Different versions have since been remade in other countries and cultural settings, including in the Netherlands and in Curaçao, and the associated BBC4 television documentary Tales from the Front Room was broadcast in 2007. He has also made presentations on The Front Room at the University of Wisconsin-Madison (2009), Clark University, Worcester (2009) and Northwestern University, Chicago, (2008). A book entitled The Front Room: Migrant Aesthetics in the Home followed in 2009.

Another installation-based exhibition was The Beauty Shop (2008) at the 198 Gallery in south London, where, as with The Front Room, McMillan "tried to create a tangible sense of performance. Visitors were encouraged to respond to them as theatre as much as art."

In 2015, he recreated the Walter Rodney Bookshop as an installation within the exhibition No Colour Bar: Black British Art in Action 1960–1990 at the Guildhall Art Gallery (July 2015–January 2016), and participated in related events.

Another recent work is Doing Nothing Is Not An Option, a site-responsive mixed-media installation to commemorate the 20th anniversary of the death of Ken Saro-Wiwa by exploring the relationship between local people in Peckham and the memory of the Nigerian writer and activist.

Selected curatorial work
 Van Huis Uit: The Living Room of Migrants in the Netherlands (Imagine IC, Amsterdam, and Netherlands Tour, 2007–08)
 A Living Room Surrounded by Salt (Instituto Buena Bista, Curaçao, 2008)
 The Beauty Shop (198 Contemporary Arts and Learning, Brixton, 25 January 2008 – 28 March 2013)
 The West Indian Front Room (Geffrye Museum, 2005–06)
 The Southall Story (South Bank Centre, 2010)
 "I Miss My Mum's Cooking" (in Who More Sci-Fi Than Us, KAdE Kunsthal, Amersfoort, Netherlands, 2012)
 "The Waiting Room" (in Stories and Journeys, Gwynedd Museum & Art Gallery, Bangor, North Wales, 2012)
 "My Hair: Black Hair Culture, Style and Politics" (in Origins of the Afro Comb, Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology, 2013)
 "The Walter Rodney Bookshop" (in No Colour Bar: Black British Art in Action 1960–1990, Guildhall Art Gallery, 10 July 2015 – 24 January 2016)

Selected publications
 The School Leaver (Black Ink Collective, 1978)
 On Duty (Akira Press, 1984)
 Editor, Words, Sounds & Power Anthology (Centerprise Publishing Project, 1988)
 Living Proof: Views of a World Living with HIV/AIDS (Artist Agency, 1992).
 The Black Boy Pub & Other Stories: The black experience in High Wycombe (Wycombe District Council, 1997).
 If I Could Fly: An anthology of writings from young men at Orchard Lodge Resource Centre (Southwark Social Services, 1998).
 Growing Up Is Hard To Do: A Book For Young People & Adults About Sexual Health (Young People's Health Project, 2000).
 Same Difference: 25 Years of International Youth Volunteering with the Daneford Trust (2006).
 The Waiting Room: An audio-visual tale of an artist in residence at the Alaw Ward (Cancer & Palliative Care Unit) in Ysbyty Gwynedd & Rheumatology Clinics in Ysbyty Gwynedd and Ysbyty Llandudno (2006)
 The Front Room: Migrant Aesthetics in the Home (Black Dog Publishing, 2009, )

Plays and performance pieces
 The School Leaver (Royal Court Theatre, 1978)
 Hard Time Pressure (Royal Court Theatre, 1980)
 Carve Your Name (The Old Vic Theatre, 1981)
 Day of Action (Brent Black People's Theatre, 1981)
 On Duty (Carlton Centre, Kilburn, 1983)
 First Impressions (Perspective Theatre Company, 1988)
 Portrait of a Shopping Centre as a Cathedral (1990)
 The Last Blind Date (Artists Alliance/Live Theatre, 1992)
 Invisible (Double Edge Theatre Company; 1993 & 1998)
 Brother to Brother (Lyric Hammersmith and tour, 1996 & 1998); in Cheryl Robson (ed.), Black and Asian Plays Anthology, Aurora Metro, 2000
 I Hope It's Not a Black Man (1996)
 After Windrush (Oval House Theatre, 1998)
 Blood for Britain (BBC Radio 4 Drama, 2001)
 Can you Play Football? (2004)
 Babel Junction (Empire Theatre, 2006)
 Master Juba (Luton Library Theatre, Albany Theatre, 2006)
 New translation of The Good Person of Sezuan by Bertolt Brecht (2010 & 2012)

References

External links
 "Michael McMillan | St. Vincent – UK", Uprising Art.
 "Exclusive Interview: Michael McMillan – in the framework of the exhibition Who More Sci-Fi than Us", Uprising Art, 2 July 2012.
 "Michael McMillan", Black Plays Archive, National Theatre.
 Michael McMillan at Doollee.com.
 "Artist Shiraz Bayjoo In Conversation with Michael McMillan, 5 Feb 2015", InivaArts. YouTube.
 Sigita Bendikaitė, "Story | Michael McMillan on curating A front Room in 1970", University of the Arts London, 8 March 2022.

1962 births
20th-century British dramatists and playwrights
20th-century male writers
21st-century male writers
Academics of the University of the Arts London
Alumni of Central Saint Martins
Alumni of the University of Sussex
Black British academics
Black British artists
Black British writers
British curators
English curators
English people of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines descent
Living people


text:
Sigle
 Zero Ping Mode – mod del videogioco Quake III Arena
 Zero Point Module – tecnologia immaginaria di Stargate

Codici
 zpm – codice ISO 639-3 della lingua zapoteca di Mixtepec


text:
Methia flavicornis is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Casey in 1924.

References

Methiini
Beetles described in 1924


text:
La Salette of Quezon is a private, Catholic, coeducational, basic education institution run by the Missionaries of Our Lady of La Salette in Quezon, Isabela. Philippines. It was founded by the La Salettes in June 1960.

History
History accounts say that the school started its operation in June 1960 as a secondary education institution. After being successful in its operation as a high school, the administrators decided to open an Elementary department. La Salette of Quezon became a basic education institution.

Our Lady of La Salette

Our Lady of La Salette is the patroness of the school which is named after her. The Parish Church beside the campus was also named after Our Lady of La Salette since the school was originally owned by the Parish.

It was on September 19, 1846, when the Virgin Mary appeared to two French children named Mélanie Calvat and Maximin Giraud in the mountain of La Salette in France. It was said that the Virgin Mary is speaking with tears, and told the two children that unless people repented she would be forced to let go the arm of her son because it had become so heavy. The Virgin Mary went on to complain that she had to pray ceaselessly to her son for them, but the people still worked during Sundays and blasphemed. Mary also spoke of coming punishments for these sins, including crop blights and famine. She confided a secret to each of the children, which they were not to divulge, although eventually these secrets were made known to Pope Pius IX. Finally she asked the children to spread her message before disappearing. The famous phrase from the Virgin Mary goes "Come near my Children, do not be afraid...".

After the Apparition, only few people believed what the children saw and heard. The farmers who came into contact with the children where amazed at them. They were so ignorant, and yet they were able to transmit and communicate, in French, a complicated message which they did not understand well. As well, they were able to do this clearly and with precise descriptions. Mélanie Calvat and Maximin Giraud were constantly interrogated by curious people as well as their devoted ones. They simply said the same story, repeating it over and over. To those interested in going up the mountain, they take them to the place where Our Lady appeared. On several occasions, they were threatened with jail if they did not deny the alleged apparitions and if they continued to speak about them. Without fear or hesitation, they continued to report all the messages that Our Lady gave them.

The Apparition was approved by the name Our Lady of La Salette by Pope Pius IX and verified the apparition of the Virgin Mary.

Extra-curricular activities
Extra-curricular activities are one of the three main factors that contribute in the computation of grades for Salettinians. Competitions and other activities including club participations are counted with corresponding points.

Pupil Government Organization
The Pupil Government Organization or PGO is the student government inside the campus for the Elementary Department.

Central Board of Students
The Supreme Student Government or SSG is the student government inside the campus for the high school department. The candidates are allowed to campaign but were given limited time. Campaign paraphernalia have to be located in the designated areas. The CBS Officers are determined by an Election with voters comprising all the high school students. Positions include President, Vice President, Secretary and more.

Classroom Officers
Each class are required to have their own Officers to represent the class for School meetings organized by the President of the Supreme Student Government. The classroom officers are responsible for the wellness and peacefulness of the class.

Prayers
The Prayer of Angelus is prayed on the school sound system which is a sign of the dismissal for the Morning class while The Memorare of Our Lady of La Salette is played on school sound system as a mark for afternoon dismissal. The 3 o'clock prayer is also played on the school sound system at exactly 3:00 pm.

Celebrations

Intamurals
The Intramurals or sports Intramurals is usually celebrated every July. It is a one-day celebration starting with a Celebration of the Holy Eucharist and a Parade around the town led by the school Drum and Lyre Corps. The celebration starts in the morning and ends in the afternoon. Sports is the center of this celebration with the opposing teams compete with each other on different sport events.

The intramural sports programs are often organized on the campus to promote competition and fun among the students. In the afternoon, unfinished games and categories are continued on the celebration of the Foundation Day.

Foundation Day
The celebration of the Foundation starts every September 16 and ends on September 19 marking the Anniversary of the Apparition of Our Lady of La Salette. The Foundation Day is the most awaited event in a school year.

Buwan ng Wika
The Buwan ng Wika is always celebrated in schools in the Philippines every August. The school promotes the usage of Filipino in the school campus during this month. At the last week of August, Competitions are always held. Some of these are Slogan Making Contest, Poster Making Contest.

Nutrition Month
Every July, La Salette of Roxas celebrates Nutrition Month. During the last week of Celebration, there are also Slogan and Poster Making Contest with a theme about Nutrition. There are also Cooking Competition and Quiz Bee wherein the questions are all about their TLE subjects.

Others
Rosary Month
This is celebrated every October. Students are required to pray the Holy Rosary.

Alay sa Belen
During the month of December, students have to donate goods like used underwear, toys and basic commodities. Each section must earn their goods and they are being counted weekly with corresponding points. The section with the highest value of donations are announced to be the winner. The CBS officer is responsible in packing and distributing the rice, toys and canned goods etc.

Notable alumni
Priscilla Pangan
Dr. John Donnie Ramos
Atty. Eduardo Cabantac
Daryl Gascon
Lui Gascon

Schools in Isabela (province)
Catholic elementary schools in the Philippines
Catholic secondary schools in the Philippines


text:
Biografia
Durante il suo secondo consolato entrambi i consoli vennero inviati nel Sannio, ma nelle montagne il loro attacco venne respinto dai Sanniti. La sconfitta portò ad un contrasto tra i due consoli: secondo Giovanni Zonara , a Rufino fu dato il comando delle operazioni in Bruzio ed in Lucania, mentre Bubulco rimase nel Sannio. Nella realtà le assegnazioni furono probabilmente invertite, dato che nei Fasti capitolini è riportato il trionfo di Bubulco sui bruzi e sui lucani.

Note

Bubulco Bruto, Gaio
Giunio Bubulco Bruto, Gaio


text:
Camping è un film del 1958 diretto da Franco Zeffirelli.

Trama
I due giovani fidanzati Tao e Valeria decidono di andarsi a godere una bella vacanza in intimità, lontani dalla solita routine quotidiana. Ma i genitori di Valeria, diffidenti nei confronti del ragazzo, vogliono che con loro parta anche Nino, il fratello di Valeria.

Dopo un viaggio pieno di peripezie, a bordo di un sidecar, si ritrovano in un camping popolato in prevalenza da turisti di nazionalità tedesca, che vengono attratti dalla bellezza ammaliante di Valeria, che dovrà subire il costante controllo del suo fidanzato e di suo fratello.

Accoglienza

Incassi
Incasso accertato a tutto il 31 marzo 1964: £ 330.693.052.

Critica
Su Il Messaggero del 6 aprile 1958: "Ecco un altro film realizzato con pochi mezzi, assai sciocco nelle intenzioni, neanche privo di volgarità, che tuttavia si lascia vedere con facile piacevolezza e riesce in parecchi punti a divertire spensieratamente il pubblico."

Bibliografia
Catalogo Bolaffi del cinema italiano secondo volume a cura di Gianni Rondolino.

Collegamenti esterni

Film commedia
Film diretti da Franco Zeffirelli


text:
Milan Korec (* 1951 Plzeň) je československý basketbalista, vysoký 184 cm.

V družstvu Lokomotiva Plzeň jeho trenérem byl Miloš Sládek. V československé basketbalové lize hrál celkem 9 sezón (1970–1979), z toho za klub Spartak Sokolovo / Sparta Praha 5 sezón (1970–1975) s nímž získal tři čtvrtá a dvě šestá místa, Baník Ostrava tři sezóny (1975–1979) a Dukla Olomouc jednu sezónu (1976–1977). V československé basketbalové lize zaznamenal celkem 2306 bodů.

Za reprezentační družstvo Československa v letech 1971–1973 hrál celkem 43 zápasů. Za Československo hrál také na Mistrovství Evropy juniorů v roce 1970 (Athény, Řecko), skončili na 8. místě, odehrál 5 zápasů a zaznamenal 34 bodů.

Hráčská kariéra

kluby
 Lokomotiva Plzeň
 1970–1975 Sparta Praha: 3x 4. místo (1971–1973), 2x 6. místo (1974, 1975), celkem 1211 bodů
 1975–1976, 1977–1979 Baník Ostrava: 6. místo (1978), 8. místo (1976), 9. místo (1979)
 1970–1975 Dukla Olomouc: 6. místo (1976)
 Československá basketbalová liga 9 sezón (1970–1979) a celkem 2306 bodů

Československo
 Za reprezentační družstvo mužů Československa v letech 1971–1973 celkem 43 utkání.
 Na Mistrovství Evropy juniorů v roce 1970 (Athémy, Řecko) na 8. místě, celkem 5 zápasů a 34 bodů

Odkazy

Reference

Související články
 Československá basketbalová federace • basketbalová liga • basketbalová reprezentace • statistiky
 BC Sparta Praha

Externí odkazy
 BC Sparta Praha web bcsparta.cz
 Sparta Praha v lize basketbalu mužů web members.chello.cz
 Historická tabulka střelců Sparty v 1.lize (1962–2005) web members.chello.cz
 Plzeňská trenérská legenda bere jediný lék: prazdroj u Mansfelda 2.3.2012 web sport.idnes.cz
 Trenérská basketbalová legenda Miloš Sládek slaví osmdesátiny 01.03.2012 web basketbal.tjloko-plzen.cz
  ME juniorů 1970 - Athens in Greece web archive.fiba.com
  FIBA, Milan Korec web archive.fiba.com

Českoslovenští basketbalisté
Čeští basketbalisté
Muži
Narození v roce 1951
Narození v Plzni
Možná žijící lidé


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Ludmila Kloudová-Veselá (rozená Veselá, 29. srpna 1900 Benešov – 1988) byla česká právnička, feministka a advokátka, místopředsedkyně Ženské národní rady, absolventka Právnická fakulta Univerzity Karlovy, od roku 1929 druhá akreditovaná advokátka v Československu. Byla dcerou benešovského advokáta a prvního československého ministra spravedlnosti JUDr. Františka Veselého. Po nástupu komunistického režimu v ČSR byla se svým manželem vystavena perzekucím.

Život

Mládí
Narodila se v Benešově v rodině advokáta a starosty města Františka Veselého a jeho ženy Mileny, rozené Erbenové. Rodiče pocházeli z Jičína, posléze se rodina přesunula kvůli otcově zaměstnání do Benešova. Otec František dlouhodobě spolupracoval a přátelil se s T. G. Masarykem (mj. jako jeho právní zástupce), během první světové války působil jako člen protirakouské odbojové organizace Maffie. Matka Milada roku 1905 spoluzakládala ve městě Spolek dam a dívek, první ženský spolek ve městě, jehož se stala předsedkyní. Její sestrou byla Marie Fliederová-Veselá, pozdější manželka československého diplomata a velvyslance Roberta Fliedera.

Studia
Po absolvování středního vzdělání začala studovat Právnickou fakultu Univerzity Karlovy. Až do roku 1900 docházely dívky na přednášky na hospitační studium (bez statutu řádné posluchačky); v roce 1900 bylo novým zákonem dívkám umožněno skládat zkoušky za celou dosavadní dobu studia. Řádné studium práv mohly ženy nastoupit až se vznikem Československa roku 1918. Její spolužačkou zde byla mj. Milada Horáková, poznala se zde nejspíš se svým budoucím manželem Ivanem Kloudou, synem pražského advokáta, politika a předsedy Advokátní komory Antonína Kloudy. Sňatek uzavřeli po ukončení studia. Začala se, spolu s Horákovou, angažovat v Ženské národní radě a dalších ženských organizacích.

Advokátka
Na základě umožnění působení žen zákonem z roku 1922 složila Kloudová-Veselá advokátské zkoušky a roku 1929 se tak, po Matyldě Wíchové-Mocové, stala teprve druhou československou advokátkou. Téhož roku se stala společnicí v advokátní kanceláři svého otce v Benešově, kterou po jeho smrti roku 1935 se svým manželem převzala. Do roku 1931 bylo v ČSR registrováno 7 advokátek, ještě před rozpadem tzv. První republiky roku 1938 tehdy působilo na území ČSR 45 právniček.

Veřejná činnost
Roku 1933 převzala po své matce vedení Spolku dam a dívek. Podílela se na rekonstrukci orgánů Ženské národní rady, zrušené během druhé světové války. Roku 1946 nahradila Miladu Horákovou ve funkci předsedkyně Rady českoslovanských žen. Po únoru 1948 byly ŽNS a Rada čs. žen postupně zrušeny, stejně jako Spolek dam a dívek, zaniklý roku 1951.

Rodina byla pak nadále vystavena politickým perzekucím: kvůli znárodnění přišla o veškerý majetek, Ivan Klouda odešel nuceně pracovat do Dolu Hlubina v Ostravě. Ludmile Kloudové-Veselé byla nadále znemožněna advokátská činnost, posléze pak pracovala jako účetní benešovské pobočky podniku Ovoce a zelenina.

Úmrtí
Ludmila Kloudová-Veselá zemřela roku 1988 ve věku 88 let, patrně v Benešově. Pohřbena byla v rodinné hrobce na Novém městském hřbitově v Benešově.

Odkazy

Reference

Externí odkazy
 Historie rodiny Kloudů a Veselých
 Ženský spolek v Benešově

Absolventi Právnické fakulty Univerzity Karlovy
Čeští advokáti
České právničky
České feministky
Ženy
Úmrtí v roce 1988
Narození v roce 1900
Právníci z Prahy
Narození 29. srpna
Narození v Benešově
Osoby s nejistým datem úmrtí
Úmrtí v Československu
Pohřbení na Městských hřbitovech v Benešově


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"Merrymaking at My Place" is a song by Scottish musician Calvin Harris. It was released as the third single from Harris' debut studio album, I Created Disco (2007), on 20 August 2007. The radio edit which appears on the single has an altered chorus and several altered verses in order to remove all apparent drug references from the song. Despite some airplay and video play, the single failed to reach the top 40 on the UK Singles Chart, making it to number 43 on full release.

Music video
The music video, directed by Kinga Burza features Calvin and his friends enjoying themselves to the song, in what appears to be Calvin's grandmother's house.  The location is assumed when Calvin talks to his grandmother on the telephone, just moments before his friends arrive. At the end of the video, Calvin's grandmother arrives home to find the house in a mess and has a heart attack.

Track listing

Charts

References

2007 singles
Calvin Harris songs
Songs written by Calvin Harris
2007 songs


text:
Адмиралтейская площадь:
 Адмиралтейская площадь — площадь в Воронеже
 Адмиралтейская площадь — ранее существовавшая площадь в Казани.
 Адмиралтейская площадь — ранее существовавшая площадь в Санкт-Петербурге


text:
Albert Spaggiari – criminale e militare francese
 Antonella Spaggiari – politica italiana
 Bruno Spaggiari – pilota motociclistico italiano
 Christian Spaggiari – regista italiano
 Livio Spaggiari – calciatore italiano
 Angelo Spaggiari – cantante italiano noto come Perseo Miranda


text:
The Waggoner Mansion (a.k.a. El Castile) is a historic mansion in Decatur, Texas.  The sixteen room mansion was built in 1883 by the Waggoner Family.  It was purchased in 1942 by Mr. and Mrs. Phil Luker.

Location
The mansion is located at 1003 East Main in Decatur, a town in Wise County, Texas. It spans thirteen and a half acres of land.

History
The mansion was built in 1883 for Daniel Waggoner, owner of the Waggoner Ranch. It was designed in the Victorian architectural style. It comprises sixteen rooms and six bathrooms, with two bedrooms on the ground floor and four bedrooms on the first floor.

The house was inherited by Daniel Waggoner's son, William Thomas Waggoner. In 1942, it was purchased by Mrs and Mr Phil Luker.

It is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

See also

National Register of Historic Places listings in Wise County, Texas
Recorded Texas Historic Landmarks in Wise County

References

External links

Houses on the National Register of Historic Places in Texas
Houses in Wise County, Texas
Houses completed in 1883
Victorian architecture in Texas
National Register of Historic Places in Wise County, Texas


text:
Danielle Moné Truitt (* 2. März 1981 in Sacramento) ist eine US-amerikanische Schauspielerin

Leben
Truitt ist in Sacramento geboren und aufgewachsen, 2000 begann sie ihr Studium an der California State University, Sacramento in Theater & Tanz das sie 2004 abschloss. Nach ihrem Studium arbeitete sie kurze Zeit im Bankwesen. 2005 trat sie erstmals als Schauspielerin in Erscheinung. Seit 2021 gehört sie als "Sergeant Ayanna Bell" zu den Darstellern der Serie Law & Order: Organized Crime.  Ihr Schaffen umfasst mehr als ein Dutzend Produktion.

Sie ist Mutter von zwei Kindern.

Filmografie

 2005: Fugitive Hunter
 2009: Küss den Frosch (The Princess and the Frog, Zeichentrick, Stimme)
 2014: Super Fun Night (Fernsehserie, eine Folge)
 2015: Mulaney (Fernsehserie, eine Folge)
 2017: Rebel (Fernsehserie, 9 Folgen)
 2019: Snowfall (Fernsehserie, eine Folge)
 2020: Deputy – Einsatz Los Angeles (Deputy, Fernsehserie, 12 Folgen)
 2020: Chicago Med (Fernsehserie, eine Folge)
 seit 2021: Law & Order: Organized Crime (Fernsehserie)
 2021–2022: Law & Order: Special Victims Unit (Fernsehserie, 4 Folgen)

Weblinks

Einzelnachweise

Filmschauspieler
US-Amerikaner
Geboren 1981
Frau


text:
Szepesváraljai Sarbó Artúr, született Schön Artúr (Pest, 1867. március 10. – Budapest, 1943. szeptember 17.) nemzetközi hírű ideggyógyász, a magyar logopédia iskolateremtő személyisége.

Életútja

Édesapja Sarbó (Schön) Vilmos (1829–1906) biztosítótársasági vezérigazgató, édesanyja Lőwy Aurélia (Amália) voltak. Orvosi oklevelét Budapesten szerezte (1891), tanulmányait Berlinben, Párizsban, Londonban egészítette ki, dolgozott J. M. Charcot párizsi klinikáján, H. Jackson mellett Londonban. Utána neurológusként a budapesti elmekórtani klinikán, a poliklinika idegosztályán, a Munkásbiztosító Pénztár ideg-szakrendelésén, majd 17 éven át a Szent István Kórház idegosztályának vezető főorvosaként működött.

1897-ben a Budapesti Tudományegyetemen magántanári, 1909-től rendkívüli tanári kinevezést kapott. 1898-ban Náray Szabó Sándor felkérésére vállalta el a Roboz József által szervezett Dadogók és Hebegők Gyógytanfolyamának (melynek elnevezése 1900-tól Dadogók és egyéb beszédhibában szenvedők tanfolyama) párhuzamos vezetését. 1918 szeptemberében benyújtotta lemondását. A gyógypedagógia ügyével azonban később is szoros kapcsolatban maradt. Különösen vonatkozik ez a szakemberképzésre.

1900-tól 1914-ig pedagógusok, iskolaorvosok és egészségtantanárok beszédhiba-javításra felkészítő kurzusait is vezette és a Gyógypedagógiai Tanítóképzőben is tanított (1904–). Szorgalmazta, hogy a gyógypedagógusokon kívül - a pedagógusképző intézmények tanárainak kellő felkészítésével - minden óvónő, tanító és tanár kapjon kiképzést a munkája során jelentkező logopédiai feladatok ellátására.

Sarbó Artúr mindezeken túl ápolta a külföldi tudományos kapcsolatokat, gyakran szerepelt nemzetközi gyógypedagógiai kongresszusokon és széles körű szakmai közéleti tevékenységet is folytatott: népszerűsítő előadásokat tartott és gyakran hallatta hangját a gyermekvédelmi, a szociális munka, az iskola-egészségügy érdekében. Egy országos felmérés adataival bizonyította, hogy az iskolás-korú népesség 3,6%-a beszédhibás, s e tanulók 23%-a iskolai előmenetelében is akadályozott. Felhívására további 16 gyógytanfolyam kezdte meg működését az országban. Budapesten "beszédhibás osztályok" szervezésére is sor került. Ezekben az osztályokban a beszédzavarok javítására képesített pedagógusok látták el a tanítás keretében a beszédkorrekciós feladatokat.

Sarbó Artúr logopédiai tudományos kutatói és szakirodalmi tevékenysége hasonlóan gazdag. A beszéd főcímet viselő 300 oldalas kézikönyve (1906) a magyar logopédia egyik legkitűnőbb alkotása. Az orvostudomány történetében mint a magyar neurológia kiváló művelőjét tartják számon.

Magánélete
Házastársa Rosenberg Elza (1877–1961) volt, akivel 1899. május 1-jén Budapesten, a Józsefvárosban kötött házasságot.

Gyermekei

 Sarbó Sarolta Ella (1901–?). Férje dr. Takács József János (1895–1956) kincstári alügyész volt.
 Sarbó Magdolna Karolina (1900–1985) textilvegyész. Férje dr. Egyed Ferenc Lajos miniszteri osztálytanácsos volt.

Főbb munkái

Ideggyógyászati megfigyelések. Budapest, 1897. (Klinikai Füzetek VII. 7.)
A compensáló gyakorlati gyógymódról. Budapest, 1899. (Különnyomat a Gyógyászatból.)
Szabályzat okleveles tanítóknak és tanároknak dadogók és egyéb beszédhibában szenvedők oktatására képesítő tanfolyam számára. Budapest 1900.
Szabályzat dadogók és egyéb beszédhibában szenvedők tanfolyamai számára. Budapest, 1900.
Népszerű útmutatás a beszédhibák felismerésére és elhárítására. Budapest, 1901.
A hibás beszédű tanulók statisztikája. Orvosi Hetilap, 1901. 20. 330–332. 21. 347–349.
Az epilepsia kór- és gyógytanának jelen állása. Budapest, 1904.
A beszéd összes vonatkozásaiban, különös tekintettel a gyermekkorra. Budapest, 1906.
A siketnémák egy új oktatási módjáról. (Bárczi Gusztáv dr. módszere.) Szociális Orvostudomány, 1935. április Klny.

Jegyzetek

Források

Gergely András: Jeles magyar zsidó orvosok lexikona. Budapest, Makkabi, 2001.

Gordosné Szabó Anna: Sarbó Artúr. In: Pedagógiai Lexikon. 3. köt. Főszerk. Báthory Zoltán, Falus Iván. Budapest, Keraban Könyvkiadó. 1997. 287-288. o.
Sarbó Artúr

További információk

Bárczi Gusztáv: Professzor Sarbó Artúr emléke. Magyar Gyógypedagógiai Tanárok Közl., 1943. 170-171.;
Gordosné Szabó Anna: A magyar gyógypedagógia logopédia öröksége a XX. sz. közepén. II. Sarbó Artúr. Gyógypedagógiai Szemle, 1993. 2. 94-100.;
Subosits I.-Göllesz V.: Emlékezés Sarbó Artúrra. Ideggyógyászati Szemle, 1993. 7-8. 279-280.;
Réthy E.-né: Sarbó Artúr és a kisgyermekkori beszédfejlődés és -fejlesztés elmélete a századfordulón. Gyógypedagógiai Szemle, 1995. 1. 34-39.
Sarbó Artur, História - Tudósnaptár
Sarbó Artúr és munkássága, beszéd.hu

Magyar ideggyógyászok
Magyar gyógypedagógusok
Magyar egyetemi, főiskolai oktatók
1867-ben született személyek
1943-ban elhunyt személyek
Pestiek
Családi nevüket magyarosított személyek


text:
BA Connect was a wholly-owned subsidiary airline of British Airways. It was headquartered in Didsbury, Manchester, England, it operated a network of domestic and European services from a number of airports in the United Kingdom on behalf of British Airways. The airline operated as a low-cost carrier, with food sold via a 'buy on board' programme (except for flights to London City Airport).

On 3 November 2006 British Airways announced the sale of BA Connect to Flybe. It formally transferred to Flybe on 25 March 2007.

History

The company was incorporated on 26 January 1970 as Brymon Aviation Limited which operated as Brymon Airways. On 30 July 1993 the company was renamed Brymon Airways Limited to reflect the operating name.

The company was purchased by British Airways in 1993 and on 28 March 2002 it was merged with British Regional Airlines and was renamed British Airways Citiexpress Ltd operating as BA CitiExpress.

British Airways Citiexpress is recognised for pioneering and attaining CAA approval for the print-at-home boarding pass, one of the first self-service tools of the digital era.

The regional operations of British Airways at Birmingham and Manchester, and the operations of the former CityFlyer Express, were integrated into the new airline later in 2002.

On 1 February 2006 the airline was renamed BA Connect Limited operating as BA Connect and operations moved to a low-cost carrier model, with food sold via a 'buy on board' programme (except for flights to London City Airport). However, allocated seating and a baggage valet service were still available, while lounge access, tier points and BA Miles remained unaffected for those in the Executive Club. Operationally the new service came into effect on 26 March 2006.

BA Connect handled most of British Airways' domestic and European services that do not serve London Heathrow or Gatwick airports.  It had hubs in Birmingham, Bristol, London City, Manchester and Southampton.  From these locations the carrier operated services to several northwest European destinations and also to Glasgow, Edinburgh and Aberdeen.  A few services also operated from Gatwick.  In total, BA Connect flew from 17 airports in the UK and Ireland on 63 routes to major or central regional airports.

On 3 November 2006, British Airways chief executive said that he had reached an agreement for Flybe to purchase BA Connect. BA would ensure that Flybe has sufficient funding in order to achieve its growth targets and the transition out of current BA Connect fleet. In return BA would acquire a 15% stake in the new business. The acquisition (which did not include BA Connect routes to London City or from Manchester to New York) would significantly increase the Flybe route network in both the UK and continental Europe, making Flybe the largest regional airline in Europe. Retention of the London City routes would result in BA retaining the RJ100 aircraft for these domestic and European services.

BA had to pay Flybe a sum of money to take on the company due to Flybe actually taking on a company that would cost them money rather than make profits for the foreseeable future.

Much concern was expressed at the shedding of routes across Scotland, but Flybe stated that BA Connect routes would be kept and expanded. On 6 March 2007 Flybe stated that they would not be operating any former BA Connect services from Bristol. Consequently, the last flights on any of BA Connect's routes from Bristol was on 24 March 2007.

Services
BA Connect operated from several destinations that were also served by the parent company, and were part of British Airways destinations.  Those that were not served by British Airways itself, mainly UK regional destinations, are listed in British Airways franchise destinations.

Fleet

The BA Connect fleet included the following aircraft, before the sale to Flybe (March 2007)

1 BAe 146-100 (to Flybe)
2 BAe 146-200 (to Flybe)
1 BAe 146-300 (to Flybe)
10 Avro RJ100 (to BA CityFlyer)
6 Bombardier Dash 8 Q300 (to Flybe)
28 Embraer ERJ 145 (to Flybe)

See also
 List of defunct airlines of the United Kingdom

References

External links

BA Connect
BA Connect Fleet Age
BA Connect Fleet

Defunct airlines of the United Kingdom
Airlines established in 2006
Former Oneworld affiliate members
Airlines disestablished in 2007
British Airways

da:BA Connect


text:
Mieczysław Andrzej Rutkowski (ur. 2 stycznia 1934 w Białymstoku, zm. 9 listopada 2020 tamże) – polski działacz powojennego podziemia antykomunistycznego oraz opozycji w okresie PRL.

Od listopada 1951 był związany z białostocką młodzieżową organizacją antykomunistyczną "Młody Las", zaś w styczniu 1952 został aresztowany przez UB i następnie skazany na siedem lat więzienia. Został zwolniony na mocy amnestii w lipcu 1954, ale w ramach dalszych represji od października 1954 do września 1956 zmuszony był do pracy jako żołnierz-górnik w 6. Wojskowym Batalionie Górniczym w Kopalni Węgla Kamiennego "Wieczorek". Był działaczem opozycji; w okresie stanu wojennego był działaczem struktur konspiracyjnego Regionu Białystok NSZZ "Solidarność". Po transformacji systemowej był aktywnym działaczem kombatanckim. Był wieloletnim członkiem Zarządu Białostockiego Oddziału Związku Więźniów Politycznych Okresu Stalinowskiego w ramach którego piastował również funkcje wiceprezesa.

Wybrane odznaczenia
 Krzyż Kawalerski Orderu Odrodzenia Polski,
 Złoty Medal "Za zasługi dla obronności kraju"

Przypisy

Amnestionowani przez władze komunistyczne w Polsce
Działacze opozycji w PRL
Polskie ofiary represji stalinowskich
Ludzie urodzeni w Białymstoku
Odznaczeni Krzyżem Kawalerskim Orderu Odrodzenia Polski (III Rzeczpospolita)
Odznaczeni Medalem "Za zasługi dla obronności kraju"
Urodzeni w 1934
Więźniowie polityczni w Polsce Ludowej 1944–1956
Zmarli w 2020


text:
Carriera
Con la  ha disputato tre edizioni dei Campionati americani (1995, 1997, 1999).

Collegamenti esterni


text:
Carriera

Club
Nel luglio 2008 viene ingaggiato dal Newcastle United. Debutta con la maglia dei Magpies il 23 agosto 2008 contro il Leicester City; il 1º settembre 2008 fa il suo debutto con la squadra delle riserve contro il Sunderland al St James' Park. Con la nuova maglia si mette subito in luce, segnando 15 gol con la squadra under-19 e 7 gol con la squadra delle riserve. Per le sue prestazioni viene premiato con il Wor Jackie Milburn Trophy nel 2009. Dopo un'ottima stagione, firma con il Newcastle un rinnovo di tre anni e mezzo. L'8 agosto 2009 fa il suo debutto con la prima squadra contro il West Bromwich Albion, subentrando all'infortunato Shola Ameobi. Il 31 agosto 2009 fa il suo debutto da titolare contro il Leicester City, venendo nominato uomo-partita; viene sostituito all'84º minuto, ricevendo una standing-ovation dai tifosi del Newcastle. Il 9 dicembre 2009 segna il suo primo gol in prima squadra nella vittoria per 2-0 contro il Coventry City. Il 9 dicembre 2009 segna il suo secondo gol nella vittoria per 2-0 contro il Crystal Palace. Dopo la promozione del Newcastle in Premier League, Ranger trova meno spazio, venendo schierato solo in Football League Cup contro l'Accrington Stanley ed il Chelsea; segna il suo primo golo stagionale proprio nella vittoria per 4-3 con i Blues. Debutta in Premier League il 16 ottobre 2010, in un pareggio casalingo per 2-2 contro il Wigan Athletic. Segna il suo primo gol nella vittoria per 1-0 contro l'Arsenal, riuscendo a superare il difensore avversario Laurent Koscielny, per poi spedire la palla in rete e subire fallo dallo stesso Koscienly, che per questo è stato espulso. Il 3 dicembre 2010 rinnova il suo contratto con il Newcastle di cinque anni e mezzo, portandolo a scadenza nel 2016. Nella seconda parte di stagione riesce anche a guadagnarsi più spazio, grazie alla cessione di Andy Carroll al Liverpool e agli infortuni di Shola Ameobi e Leon Best.

Il 21 novembre 2011, dopo un inizio di stagione tutt'altro che positivo, viene ceduto in prestito al Barnsley fino al 14 gennaio 2012. Il 18 dicembre 2011, nella sconfitta per 1-0 contro il West Ham United, si infortuna al piede. Il prestito viene quindi interrotto in anticipo.

Il 22 marzo 2012 viene ceduto in prestito allo Sheffield Wednesday fino a fine stagione.

Il 1º marzo 2013 rescinde il suo contratto con il Newcastle.

Il 17 agosto 2013 si accasa allo Swindon Town, firmando un contratto di un anno con opzione per il secondo.

Nazionale
Il 25 marzo 2009 debutta con la maglia dell'Inghilterra under-19 contro la Repubblica Ceca, sbagliando clamorosamente un'occasione negli ultimi minuti tirando la palla sul palo. Ha segnato il suo primo gol nella sua seconda partita, contro la Bosnia ed Erzegovina, colpendo la palla di testa. Ha disputato gli Europei under-19, ma la sua nazionale è stata eliminata in finale dall'Ucraina.

Controversie
Nel 2007, a 15 anni, viene condannato a una pena di 11 mesi da scontare in un carcere minorile per rapina.

Il 27 agosto 2011 viene arrestato per aggressione, ma viene dichiarato innocente nel processo nell'ottobre 2012.

Nell'ottobre 2011 viene arrestato per ubriachezza molesta. L'arresto è avvenuto solo pochi giorni dopo il suo reintegro in prima squadra del Newcastle dopo un periodo punitivo di tre mesi nella squadra delle riserve. Nel marzo 2012 viene condannato a 3 mesi di carcere con la condizionale e a pagare una multa di 135 sterline.

Nel maggio 2011 viene interrogato dai dirigenti del Newcastle in merito a una fotografia che lo ritrae con una pistola finta. L'arma è stata in seguito consegnata.

Nelle prime ore del 23 settembre 2012 la polizia riceve una chiamata d'intervento in una casa a Londra per dei rumori molesti. La porta d'ingresso della casa era sfondata e Ranger è stato arrestato con l'accusa di violazione di domicilio. Le accuse sono cadute nel novembre 2012 dopo che la corte ha accettato la spiegazione di Ranger, che ha affermato di aver sfondato la porta temendo che la sua fidanzata stesse venendo rapita.

Il 25 gennaio 2013 viene arrestato con l'accusa di stupro. In seguito a questo evento, l'8 luglio 2013 è stato accusato formalmente di stupro.

Il 14 marzo 2013 è stato arrestato con l'accusa di aggressione dopo un incidente nel centro di Newcastle.

Il 3 gennaio 2014 Lee Power, presidente dello Swindon Town, ha dichiarato in una conferenza stampa di avere in programma un incontro con Ranger ed il suo agente per rescindere il suo contratto con il club a causa della mancanza di professionalità mostrata con la continua assenza agli allenamenti.

Il 23 marzo 2014 è stato arrestato con l'accusa di aver danneggiato un taxi a Liverpool.

Possiede diversi tatuaggi, tra i quali il suo cognome sulla tempia destra e uno smile sorridente sul labbro interno.

Palmarès

Newcastle: 2009-2010

Note

Collegamenti esterni

Calciatori inglesi


text:
Daeseongsan (Gangwon-do) is a mountain of South Korea. It has an altitude of 1175 metres

See also
List of mountains of Korea

References

Mountains of Gangwon Province, South Korea
Hwacheon County
Cheorwon County
Mountains of South Korea


text:
Лукаше́нко Сергі́й Валенти́нович (*30 квітня 1963, Одеса - 18 вересня 2020 - Одеса) — заслужений артист України.

Життєпис
Народився і виріс в Одесі. Закінчив одеську середню школу № 118. Після закінчення Ленінградського державного інституту театру та кінематографії з 1987 по 1990 рік працював в театрі Одеському театрі музичної комедії.

У 1990–1991 рр. — працював у державному дитячому музичному театрі «Задзеркалля» (Санкт-Петербург), де з успіхом співав в операх авторства П.Чайковського, С.Баневіча, А. Петрова.

У 1991–1992 рр. — артист вар'єте «Трійка».

У 1992 році актор знову повертається до Одеси, і продовжує свою роботу в театрі Музичної комедії, де і грає донині.

Має звання заслуженого артиста України.

Театральні ролі
 «Цілуй мене, Кет!» — Бів Келхоун
 «Маріца» — Сетфан
 «Принцеса цирку» — Тоні
 «Королева чардашу» — Боні
 «Снігова королева» — Кай
 «Буратіно» — Буратіно
 «Пригоди золотого курчати» — Курча
 «Кіт Леопольд» — Миша
 «Медовий місяць президента» — Франузький посол
 «Мафіозі» — Серджіо
 «Донна Люція» — Чарлі Вайк
 «Бременські музиканти» — Півень
 «Біла акація» — Сашка
 «Моя прекрасна леді» — Фреді
 «Гра, йде гра» — Тішка
 «Весела вдова» — Рауль де Сен Бріош
 «Гелло, Доллі» — Емброз
 «Кабаре» — Ернест Людвіг
 «Жюстіна Фавр» — Гектор
 «Мишоловка» — Релстона
 «Одеса-мама» — Стаховський

Кінематографічні ролі
 Ліквідація (серіал, 2007) — Ад'ютант
 Іван Подушкін. Джентльмен розшуку (міні-серіал, 2006) — Костя

Див. також
Одеський академічний театр музичної комедії імені М. Водяного

Джерела
Лукашенко Сергей. Биография

Заслужені артисти України


text:
Clavulinopsis laeticolor, la Clavaire jolie ou Clavaire joyeuse, est une espèce de champignons de la famille des Clavariaceae.

Liste des formes et variétés

Formes
Selon  :
 Clavulinopsis laeticolor f. bispora K.S.Thind & Sharda, 1986
 Clavulinopsis laeticolor f. bulbispora R.H.Petersen, 1968
 Clavulinopsis laeticolor f. coccineobasalis (Joss.) R.H.Petersen, 1971
 Clavulinopsis laeticolor f. laeticolor

Variétés
Selon  :
 Clavulinopsis laeticolor var. antillarum (Pat.) R.H. Petersen, 1968
 Clavulinopsis laeticolor var. laeticolor
 Clavulinopsis laeticolor var. microspora J.Aug.Schmitt, 2022

Systématique
Le nom correct complet (avec auteur) de ce taxon est Clavulinopsis laeticolor (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) R.H. Petersen, 1965.

L'espèce a été initialement classée dans le genre Clavaria sous le basionyme Clavaria laeticolor Berk. & M.A. Curtis, 1869.

Ce taxon porte en français le nom vernaculaire ou normalisé suivant : Clavaire jolie.

Clavulinopsis laeticolor a pour synonymes :
 Clavaria laeticola Berk. & M.A.Curtis (1868), 1868
 Clavaria laeticolor Berk. & M.A.Curtis, 1869
 Clavaria pulchra Peck, 1876
 Donkella laeticolor (Berk. & M.A.Curtis) Malysheva & Zmitr., 2006
 Donkella laeticolor (Berk. & M.A.Curtis) Malysheva, 2008
 Ramariopsis laeticolor (Berk. & M.A.Curtis) R.H.Petersen, 1978

Publication originale

Liens externes

Notes et références

Clavariaceae
Espèce de champignons (nom scientifique)


text:
The WHO Adverse Reactions Terminology (WHOART) is a dictionary meant to serve as a basis for rational coding of adverse reaction terms. The system is maintained by the Uppsala Monitoring Centre (UMC), the World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for International Drug Monitoring. The system is no longer actively maintained.

Structure
 32 System-organ classesbody organ groups
 180 High level terms for grouping Preferred terms
 2085 Preferred terms principal terms for describing adverse reactions
 3445 Included terms synonyms to Preferred terms

See also
Pharmacovigilance
COSTART
MedDRA
Adverse event

References

WHO Adverse Reactions Terminology

Medical classification
Pharmacological classification systems


text:
Truljalia lata är en insektsart som beskrevs av Sigfrid Ingrisch 2002. Truljalia lata ingår i släktet Truljalia och familjen syrsor. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.

Källor

Syrsor
lata


text:
Spinobrunsiina es un género de foraminífero bentónico de la subfamilia Septabrunsiininae, de la familia Tournayellidae, de la superfamilia Tournayelloidea, del suborden Fusulinina y del orden Fusulinida. Su especie tipo es Septabrunsiina (Spinobrunsiina) ramsbottomi. Su rango cronoestratigráfico abarca desde el Tournaisiense hasta el Viseense (Carbonífero inferior).

Discusión
Algunas clasificaciones más recientes incluyen Spinobrunsiina en la familia Septabrunsiinidae, de la superfamilia Lituotubelloidea, del suborden Tournayellina, del orden Tournayellida, de la subclase Fusulinana y de la clase Fusulinata. También ha sido clasificado en la subfamilia Spinoendothyrinae, de la familia Loeblichiidae, de la superfamilia Loeblichioidea, del suborden Endothyrina y del orden Endothyrida.

Clasificación
Spinobrunsiina incluye a las siguientes especies:

 Spinobrunsiina chokieri †
 Spinobrunsiina goweri †
 Spinobrunsiina implicata †
 Spinobrunsiina implicata conspecta †
 Spinobrunsiina landeliesi †
 Spinobrunsiina lexhyi †
 Spinobrunsiina lexhyi spectabilis †
 Spinobrunsiina lexhyi ultima †
 Spinobrunsiina parakrainica †
 Spinobrunsiina parakrainica kusbassica †
 Spinobrunsiina ramsbottomi †
 Spinobrunsiina ramsbottomi excelsa †
 Spinobrunsiina robusta †
 Spinobrunsiina vachardi †

Bibliografía

Géneros de Tournayellida
Géneros de Fusulinida
Géneros de foraminíferos bentónicos


text:
A take-home naloxone program is a governmental program that provides naloxone drug kits to those that are at risk of an opioid overdose. Naloxone is a medication that was created to reverse opioid overdoses. As an opioid antagonist, it binds to the μ-opioid receptors blocking the opioid's effects. Naloxone quickly restores normal respiration. The ongoing opioid epidemic has caused many public health authorities to expand access to naloxone.

History
Naloxone was created in a laboratory, patented in 1961, and approved by the FDA a decade later. It was first proposed in the 1990s for community-based provisions of take-home naloxone rescue kits (THN) to opioid users, which involved training opioid users, along with their family or friends, in awareness, emergency management, and administration of naloxone. Police have been carrying naloxone in their squad cars since the mid 2000s. Paramedics have been carrying it since the release, however EMT's have started carrying it since the earlier 2000s. In 2010, there were 30 states with programs for take-home naloxone. In 2016, almost every state enacted legislation addressing this epidemic, and reinstated it in 2017.

Administration

There are three ways to administer naloxone. The first method is intravenous, working within two minutes. The second is through the nose (intranasal), or it could be injected into the muscles (intramuscular) which works within 5 minutes. Most likely, more than one dose will be needed. The effects only last about half an hour.  Naloxone is administered from home kits either by nasal spray or injection into the thigh.

Effectiveness
A systematic review of previous nine studies found that naloxone successfully reversed overdose used by participants in all but one study. Eleven studies reported 100% survival rate, and the remaining articles reported 83% to 93% survival rates. Multiple articles' results suggest that programs trained laypersons to respond to and treat opioid overdoses correctly, which resulted in thousands of lives being saved.

The curriculum for training participants included recognizing an overdose, how to prevent one, how to appropriately respond to an overdose, and administer naloxone correctly and safely. The researchers found that the amount of time to train participants varied in the studies, some taking 10 minutes to hours.  Eleven studies reported 100% survival rate, and the remaining articles reported 83% to 93% survival rates. Multiple articles' results suggest that programs trained laypersons to respond to and treat opioid overdoses correctly, which resulted in thousands of lives being saved.

Another systematic review utilized the Bradford Hill criteria, They found that twenty-one of the twenty-two studies they used to meet the Bradford-Hill criterion were cost-effective, and ongoing projects were able to access and train high-risk populations, which resulted in a low amount of adverse withdrawal effects. The programs reduced the number of deaths-by-overdose among the participants and their acquaintances. The review also found no evidence of increased heroin usage among the compiled studies. In fact, they found that a few studies had participants that reduced their drug usage, or in other studies that it had not changed. A limitation of their study was noted that the majority (90%) of reversed overdoses were heroin-induced when a study recruited methadone users specifically. Take-home naloxone programs have also been implemented overseas in Europe, Asia, and Australia, but studies of these programs used uncontrolled study designs.

CDC Reports

Prevention program report
According to the CDC, deaths from drug overdoses have more than doubled since 1999 in the U.S. 43, 982 deaths-by-overdose, whether unintentional, intentional, or undetermined intent were reported during 2013. Of these, 37% were from opioid prescriptions, and 19% were from heroin. The number of programs providing laypersons with training and take-home naloxone kits has been increasing since 1996. 136 of 140 organizations completed a survey for the Harm Reduction Coalition (HRC) in July 2014 that were known to provide naloxone take-home kits to laypersons in the United States. Between 1996 and June 2014, 152,283 people have received naloxone kits, and 26,463 reversals have been reported. People who received the kits were characterized as follows: about 82% as drug-users, 11.7% family/friends, 3.3% service providers, or 3.4% unknown. The HRC created a database of organizations, such as public health departments, pharmacies, substance use treatment facilities and more, who provide naloxone kits. Sixty-eight organizations reported that approximately 83% of laypersons who said they administered naloxone were users, approximately 10% were family and friends, under 1% were service providers, and 7% were unknown. According to forty-two organizations, 81.6% of the reversed overdoses involved heroin, and 14.1% were prescribed opioids. 90 organizations reported having distributed 140,053 vials, including refills, the year prior. Three operational organizations did not respond, and the remaining forty-three reported not yet distributing naloxone take-home kits. Sixty-nine organizations reported providing injectable naloxone only. Fifty-one organizations reported providing intranasal naloxone only. While sixteen organizations reported providing both. There were 111,602 injectable naloxone vials distributed in total, and 28,446 intranasal vials of naloxone. Of the responding organizations, approximately 30% reported trouble sustaining competent supply, while 54% reported deficient resources to sustain supplies to disperse kits. These numbers have increased substantially from a survey conducted in 2010. There used to be only 43 organizations, now there are 644 local sites providing naloxone instead of only 188. This is a 243% increase. In conclusion, the CDC has determined that these programs are safe and cost-effective. In fact, international health organizations recommend providing take-home naloxone kits.

Harm reduction coalition report
This report supports what the Center for Disease Control (CDC) reported. As previously stated, 644 local, community-based opioid overdose prevention programs have been reported operating by June 2014. These programs provide training and take-home naloxone kits to laypersons who may experience an overdose situation. From the 644 programs, 26,463 overdose reversals have been reported after training and equipping 152,283 people to reverse the overdose. This is a significant increase from 2010 by 99,251 people and up 16,292 saved lives.  Forty-three thousand, nine-hundred eighty-two deaths were reported in 2013, of which eight thousand two hundred fifty-seven were from heroin overdoses and sixteen thousand two hundred thirty-five were from prescription opioids.  Since 2014, when this article was published, 30 states and D.C. have programs, but with that, there are still 20 states without programs. The HRC published this article in hopes to encourage states that do not have programs to convince them that the programs are valuable.

Preventing opioid overdose report
This report states that 174 people are dying from opioid overdoses every day in the United States. As programs have been conducted and studied in urban cities, which have been deemed successful, this report is to determine the feasibility of take-home naloxone programs in rural settings. West Virginia University Injury Control Research Center (WVU ICRC) researchers questioned whether these programs would work in rural areas as it does in the cities. The researchers worked with WVU's Clinical and Translational Science Institute and the state's regional Substance Abuse Task Force to conduct the study in rural West Virginia (WV). Specific details were not reported in this article, however, they did conclude that it would be adaptable to rural WV prescription opioid users. These findings were brought to legislators, key health care and injury prevention professionals, substance abuse treatment and recovery specialists, and state advisory groups and coalitions who were pressured to start pilot programs which lead to the ICRC organizing a state-level, momentous meeting with others from organizations including the Director of Project Lazarus from North Caroline to provide more data. They agreed on the need to take part in the take-home naloxone initiatives in West Virginia. Programs  and bills were created to distribute naloxone to laypersons across the state.

Good samaritan laws
In 2015, a majority of the 52,000 overdose deaths were due to opioids in America. Almost every state enacted legislation addressing this epidemic and reinstated it in 2017. Until recently, access to naloxone has been limited until there were specific statutory protections for non-medical professionals to obtain and administer the drug. It is prohibited, however, to give this medication to anyone who is not an at-risk drug user. Before prescriptions for naloxone can be written, there needs to be a decent doctor-patient relationship established.

Versions of Good Samaritan laws or 911 drug immunity laws were enacted in 40 states and D.C. When experiencing or observing an overdose, there is immunity from arrest, charge, or prosecution for specific controlled substance possession and paraphernalia offenses. Some state laws have increased immunity which covers violations of pretrial, probation, or parole conditions and violations of protection or restraining orders. Be advised that these laws vary by state, some state immunity laws are more limited than others. When a possible overdose is reported, the caller must have the reasonable belief that an overdose is occurring and that they are calling in good faith, which is regularly included in the law to exclude seeking help during the execution of a search warrant or arrest. Another point is that some laws do not consider immunity as grounds to prevent the collection of evidence for a different crime(s). Additional requirements are that one must remain at the emergency until help arrives and cooperating with emergency personnel.

Those who may not qualify for Good Samaritan immunity might be able to enter into a drug diversion program or drug treatment court. Most states have these types of statutory programs, as well as other programs which were created by local jurisdictions. Funding for these has been increasingly provided by the states. At least 12 states funded, authorized, or expanded medication-assisted treatment opportunities during 2015 for those involved in the justice system.

Emergency responders
A study published by Massachusett in 2014 looked into when how first-responders interacted with opioid overdoses and needing to use naloxone in the field. Paramedics were the only ones legally allowed to use the overdose reversal drug when it was patented.  The rise in overdoses was driven by analgesic medications. Programs for take-home naloxone have started, with reports of lowered overdose deaths. Within the last decade, access has expanded to EMTs and police officers. Emergency first-responders administer naloxone intranasally. Before 2013, only eight states allowed EMTs to be able to administer naloxone, then five more states changed the policies or laws, totaling thirteen states in 2013. This was a much-needed improvement because paramedics are outnumbered by EMTs nationwide. Boston EMS was approved to train EMTs to carry and administer intranasal naloxone in 2005. This expanded to allow municipal EMS in 2012. In 2010, Revere, MA became the first fire department to join the Overdose Education and Naloxone Distribution (OEND) pilot program, which required them to report every overdose outcome. Firefighters administered naloxone 114 times in the following three years. Also in 2010, the Quincy, MA police department became the first to join the program. They administered naloxone 201 times between 2010 and 2013. Each kit's expense was approximately forty-three dollars. New hires and continuous educational training costs have been incorporated into the education programs. Unfortunately, there was no evidence yet to determine if the programs have effectively reduced the fatal opioid overdoses.

References

Drug rehabilitation
Substance dependence
Substance-related disorders


text:
Drożyska Małe (prononciation : ) est un  village polonais de la gmina de Zakrzewo dans le powiat de Złotów de la voïvodie de Grande-Pologne dans le centre-ouest de la Pologne.

Il se situe à environ 4 kilomètres au sud de Zakrzewo (siège de la gmina), 9 kilomètres à l'est de Złotów (siège du powiat), et à 110 kilomètres au nord de Poznań (capitale de la Grande-Pologne).

Histoire
De 1975 à 1998, le village faisait partie du territoire de la voïvodie de Piła.
Depuis 1999, Drożyska Małe est situé dans la voïvodie de Grande-Pologne.

Le village possède une population de 40 habitants.

Références

Village dans la voïvodie de Grande-Pologne
Powiat de Złotów