text:
Grace Cathedral is an Episcopal cathedral located in the heart of San Francisco. It is a famed sightseeing destination for its striking architecture, stunning stained glass, labyrinths, Interfaith AIDS Chapel, and arts and cultural programs. Grace Cathedral is a working cathedral for all people, serving the community and its congregation with a deep commitment to social justice. An admission fee for sightseeing includes self-guided tours in multiple languages. Religious services are held regularly.

On the top of Nob Hill, Grace is the cathedral church of the Episcopal Diocese of California, led by Bishop Marc Andrus since 2006, while the cathedral's local parish has been led by Dean Malcolm Clemens Young since 2015.

The parish, founded in 1849, lost its previous church building in the 1906 San Francisco earthquake. The parish opened a temporary facility in 1907, raised enough funds to start construction of the present cathedral in 1927, started using it in 1934, and completed final construction in 1964. The cathedral is known for its mosaics by Jan Henryk De Rosen, a replica of Ghiberti's Gates of Paradise, two labyrinths, varied stained glass windows, Keith Haring AIDS Chapel altarpiece, Our Lady of the Flowers by David LaChapelle, and medieval and contemporary furnishings, as well as its forty-four bell carillon, three organs, and choirs.

History
The cathedral's ancestral parish, Grace Church, was founded in 1849 during the California Gold Rush. Little Grace Pro-Cathedral (1907) was built on the new site, flanking Taylor Street near California Street, and a cathedral design by noted English Gothic Revival architect George F. Bodley was accepted. Little Grace was built on Powell near Jackson, across the street from the first Episcopal church in San Francisco, Trinity Church. After Trinity Church moved away, Grace Church moved into the larger building; this imposing third church, unofficially referred to as Grace "Cathedral" because of its size. In 1862, construction began at California and Stockton. The new church was consecrated on May 3, 1868. Prominent members of San Francisco society joined the parish in the third church, including Leland Stanford and William Henry Crocker.

In 1865, Mark Twain published (in The Californian newspaper) purported private correspondence between himself and potential short-term rectors, satirizing the church's somewhat unsuccessful efforts to find a short-term rector in the 1860s and 1870s, "stating" that he had written to one New York priest who had already turned down Grace's offer of $7,000 per year (): "A word in your ear: say nothing to anybody - keep dark - but just pack up your traps and come along out here... They never expected you to clinch a bargain like that. I will go to work and get up a little competition among the cloth". Among the short-term rectors were roll film inventor Hannibal Goodwin and James Smith Bush, the great-grandfather of former US President George H. W. Bush and great-great-grandfather of former US President George W. Bush.

When the 1862 building was destroyed in the fire following the 1906 earthquake, the Grace parish opened a temporary facility in 1907. The family of railroad baron and banker William Henry Crocker donated the site of their ruined Nob Hill property (on the block bounded by California, Jones, Sacramento, and Taylor) for a diocesan cathedral, which took its name and founding congregation from the nearby Grace parish.

Dean J. Wilmer Gresham nurtured the young cathedral and work began on the present structure with the laying of the cornerstone in 1910. The cathedral was designed in English Gothic style by George Frederick Bodley in London, who died in 1907, with Lewis P. Hobart of San Francisco completing the plans thereafter. The parish raised enough funds to build a few small portions, moving the parish services into a small completed section in 1912, then moving into the larger crypt, when that was completed in 1914. At a dinner event in 1927, Bishop Edward L. Parsons told the audience that the Episcopal Diocese of California was launching a fundraising effort in 1928, looking to raise $3.6 million (equivalent to $ million in ) to complete the full cathedral.

Over the next six years, the cathedral continued to expand, though the Great Depression hampered fundraising. By 1934, Grace parish was able to move its services into the chancel and partially complete nave of the cathedral. Further construction was put on hold until 1960, with the exception of one (of the two) bell towers, which was addressed whenever funds allowed, taking over seven years (1936–1943) to complete. Grace Cathedral remained in this state, with a large vacant space between the partial section of nave and the single bell tower, for the next 17 years. Once construction restarted in 1960, the cathedral quickly advanced, and was completed in 1964 as the third largest Episcopal cathedral in the nation.

On March 28, 1965, Martin Luther King Jr. gave a sermon at Grace Cathedral as part of the festival celebrating its completion and consecration. The service took place on the Fourth Sunday of Lent. Approximately 5,000 people were present to hear King's sermon. It was the largest gathering at the cathedral for the next 37 years, until the September 11, 2001, memorial service took place.

Design and features

The initial plans were drawn up by George Bodley and redesigned by his partner Cecil Hare after Bodley's death; Hobart, acting as Hare's local agent, completed the design. The cathedral was built using ferroconcrete over four campaigns, lasting from 1928 to 1930, 1931–34, 1939–43, and 1961–64. From 1914 to 1930, the congregation met in the present basement of the nave, now named the Founders Crypt. Services moved to the present Chapel of Grace in 1930, and by 1934, work on the Cathedral had been sufficiently completed to allow services to move there. Further work on the building was suspended by the Great Depression; the north tower was completed in 1943, followed by a long suspension in construction until 1960, when work on the final tower was started. The completion of the final tower in 1964 marked the end of structural construction, although much of the interior finish remains incomplete.

The overall plan and exterior of the French Gothic cathedral is inspired by cathedrals at Amiens, Paris, Beauvais, and Chartres. The interior features are inspired by the Aragon Palma Cathedral, and the Chapel of Grace is drawn from the Sainte-Chapelle. Overall, Grace Cathedral is  long,  wide at the transepts, with a central spire (flèche) rising  above street level. The towers are  above street level. The entry floor of the cathedral is itself  above street level, and the sanctuary floor is  above sea level. Under the original Bodley plans, Grace Cathedral would have been smaller and more square,  long and  wide.

Works by Jan Henryk De Rosen
Grace Cathedral has a significant collection of varied works by Jan Henryk De Rosen. Among these are a faux-tile mural behind the Chapel of Grace reredos from 1932, the mural in the Chapel of the Nativity's Adoration from 1946 showing the Holy Family with the magi and shepherds. At the donor's request, the original angels hovering above were removed by the artist, however constellations still mark their place. De Rosen also included a little image of his boyhood home in Warsaw in the mural. On a smaller scale, De Rosen painted exquisite panels for the original old high altar which is now in the Chapel of St. Francis columbarium.

The most visible works of De Rosen in Grace Cathedral are the historical aisle murals that were painted in 1949 and 1950 and composed in a style blending elements of the early Italian masters Giotto and Mantegna.

Ghiberti doors

The cathedral entrance has a large pair of doors, often called the "Ghiberti doors". They are reproductions of the doors of the Florence Baptistery by Lorenzo Ghiberti, also dubbed the "Gates of Paradise".

In 1943, the Nazi occupation government ordered the original doors to be removed from the Florence baptistery, along with other portable artworks, to protect them from bombing and possibly to give Hermann Göring a chance to add them to his collection. They were hidden in a disused railway tunnel until 1944, and latex casts were made after their rediscovery. The replica doors were cast in 1956 from molds of the original doors and were destined for a war memorial, but when financing for the memorial fell through, San Francisco philanthropist Charles D. Field bought these replicas, and they were then shipped to San Francisco and installed on the newly completed church in time for its official dedication in 1964.

The original Ghiberti doors are no longer installed in the baptistery as corrosion and weathering led conservators to decide that they must be preserved in a museum under a totally dry and controlled atmosphere. The doors now in the baptistery are more modern replicas installed in 1991.

Labyrinths

Laid out on the floor of Grace Cathedral is a labyrinth that is based on the famous medieval labyrinth of Cathédrale Notre-Dame de Chartres (The Cathedral of Our Lady of Chartres) located in Chartres, France. There is also another labyrinth outside of the cathedral, in the courtyard of its cathedral close.

Windows
Contained in the cathedral are  of stained glass windows by noted artists that depict over 1100 figures ranging from Adam and Eve to Albert Einstein. Thirty-two windows or window groups, dating from 1930 to 1966, were designed by American Charles Connick and his Boston studio. This includes the Chapel of Grace and baptistry window series that contains over 32,000 pieces of glass and covers nearly . The cathedral also contains 24 faceted windows by Gabriel Loire of Chartres, France, including the Human Endeavor series depicting John Glenn, Thurgood Marshall, Jane Addams, Robert Frost, and Einstein. Between 1995 and 1998, several of the cathedral's choir and aisle windows were restored by Reflection Studios of Emeryville, California.

Carillon
The carillon was the gift of Nathaniel T. Coulson, a San Francisco dentist and realtor who came from Lostwithiel in Cornwall. When Coulson first arrived in San Francisco in 1875, he found his way to Grace Church, which lacked a bell tower. Although a Methodist, he vowed to provide bells for the church and eventually spent his life savings to realize his dream and to erect the Singing (north) Tower to house them. The carillon consists of forty-four bronze bells, cast and tuned at the Gillett & Johnston Foundry of Croydon, England, in 1938. The bells arrived before the cathedral tower was completed, so they spent their first years on Treasure Island in San Francisco Bay as the centerpiece of the 1939-40 Golden Gate International Exposition. The carillon was first played from its Singing Tower home on Christmas Eve, 1940, and was formally dedicated in 1943. The bells have been rung to mark a number of important events, including D-Day and the centenary of the San Francisco cable car system.

Our Lady of the Flowers
by David LaChapelle

Chromogenic print. Anonymous gift, 2022

Inspired by the Virgin Mary, this work by the American photographer David LaChapelle celebrates faith and positivity in humanity. Mr. LaChapelle grew up during the AIDS epidemic and his early work was deeply influenced by ideas of life, death, and the metaphysical. The model is Haitian-born Guetcha Tondreau.

Cathedral School for Boys
In 1957, the Cathedral School for Boys was opened in the cathedral's bell towers. It was founded by the then dean, Julian Bartlett, in response to parents seeking an alternative to the other private schools in San Francisco. A permanent building was opened in June 1965, forming part of the cathedral close. Thanks in part to the presence of the school, the cathedral has one of only a handful of remaining Episcopal men and boys cathedral choirs, the Grace Cathedral Choir of Men and Boys; the 24 boys of the choir attend the Cathedral School for Boys, while the 12 men are a professional ensemble.

In popular culture

Photographer Ansel Adams produced a series of photographs of the incomplete cathedral in 1935.

Jazz pianist Vince Guaraldi composed and recorded a mass for jazz trio and choir. The performance at the cathedral on May 21, 1965 was released as At Grace Cathedral.

Duke Ellington performed his televised Concert of Sacred Music at the cathedral on September 26, 1965.

Art Garfunkel's 1973 solo album Angel Clare was recorded at Grace Cathedral.

"Grace Cathedral Park" is the first song on Red House Painters' 1993 self-titled album, their first.

"Grace Cathedral Hill" is track 7 on The Decemberists' 2003 Castaways and Cutouts album. It recounts a New Year's Eve experience in which the singer and his sullen (presumably grieving) female companion visit the church to light candles.

Grace Cathedral has appeared in a number of feature films over the years. Alfred Hitchcock filmed an abduction scene for his final film, Family Plot, in the cathedral in 1975. Some other film appearances include: The Pleasure of His Company (1961), Bullitt (1968), Time After Time (1979), Bicentennial Man (1999), Milk (2008), and Venom: Let There Be Carnage (2021). The short epilogue of the 1962 film How the West Was Won shows sweeping views of how the West had evolved into its modern self, including an aerial shot of San Francisco that flies directly over Grace Cathedral, showing some of its ongoing construction.

Armistead Maupin's iconic 1978–2014 Tales of the City book series has an Episcopal cannibal cult operating out of Grace Cathedral as one of its sub-plots. In the TV adaptation, Maupin plays a cameo role as a priest of Grace Cathedral, but the cathedral interiors were actually filmed in Montreal.

Fort Point Beer Company's beer can for their KSA beer features a graphic illustration of the Grace Cathedral.

List of deans
 Grace Cathedral has had nine deans, the chief resident cleric of the cathedral rector of the parish.

 J. Wilmer Gresham (1928–1939)
 Thomas Wright (1941–1943)
 Bernard Lovgren (1946–1951)
 C. Julian Bartlett (1956–1975)
 Stanley Rogers (1975–1977)
 David Gillespie (1978–1985)
 Alan Jones (1985–2009)
 Jane Shaw (2010–2014)
 Malcolm Clemens Young (2015–present)

Dean Alan Jones, who retired in 2009, had also served as the moderator of The Forum at Grace Cathedral. Dean Jane Shaw left Grace Cathedral in September 2014 to become Dean for Religious Life and Professor of Religious Studies at Stanford University.

See also

List of the Episcopal cathedrals of the United States
List of cathedrals in the United States

References

External links

Grace Cathedral website
Cathedrals of California website
Grace Cathedral Names Jane Alison Shaw as its Eighth Dean

Panorama
QTVR panorama from the nave

Cathedrals in San Francisco
Nob Hill, San Francisco
Episcopal church buildings in California
Grace San Francisco
Churches completed in 1964
20th-century Episcopal church buildings
Religious organizations established in 1849
1849 establishments in California
Cemeteries in San Francisco
Gothic Revival church buildings in California
Buildings and structures burned in the 1906 San Francisco earthquake
San Francisco Designated Landmarks
Church fires in the United States


text:
Le Temple de l'éléphant blanc () est un film italo-français réalisé par Umberto Lenzi, sorti en 1964.

Synopsis
Les fanatiques de l'éléphant blanc enlèvent la fille du ministre Patterson. Au même moment, une réception est organisée pour le Maharadjah...

Fiche technique
 Titre original :
 Titre français : Le Temple de l'éléphant blanc
 Réalisation : Umberto Lenzi
 Scénario : Fulvio Gicca Palli et Umberto Lenzi
 Décors : Arrigo Equini
 Photographie : Angelo Lotti
 Montage : Jolanda Benvenuti
 Musique : Georges Garvarentz
 Production : Solly V. Bianco
 Sociétés de production : Filmes (Italie), Capitole Films (France)
 Société de distribution : CCFC (Compagnie commerciale française cinématographique)
 Pays d'origine : Italie, France
 Langue originale : italien
 Format : 35 mm — couleur (Technicolor) — 2.35:1 (Techniscope) — monophonique
 Genre : aventure, drame
 Durée : 85 minutes
 Dates de sortie :
  :
  :

Distribution
 Sean Flynn (VF : Pierre Vaneck) : Dick Ramsey
 Alessandra Panaro  (VF : Arlette Thomas) : Cynthia Montague
 Marie Versini  (VF : elle-même) : Princesse Dhara
 Mimmo Palmara (VF : Raymond Loyer) : Parvati Sandok
 Arturo Dominici : le maharadja
 Giacomo Rossi-Stuart : Reginald Milliner
 Alejandro Barrera Dakar (VF : Georges Aminel) : Coukor
 Giorgio Cerioni (VF : Hubert Noël) : John Willoughby
 Andrea Bosic (VF : Jean-Henri Chambois) : Sir Robert Morton
 Giovanni Cianfriglia : Krichna,le guide
 Sal Borgese : membre de la secte
 Seyna Seyn  : Sara, prêtresse de l'éléphant blanc
 Jacques Herlin : officier anglais
 Roddy B.Rajapa : Prince Baran
 Enzo Fiermonte  : sergent
 Nello Pazzafini : membre de la secte
 Nando Angelini  : officier anglais
 Fortunato Arena  : membre de la secte

Liens externes

Film italien sorti en 1964
Film français sorti en 1964
Film d'aventure italien
Film d'aventure français
Film dramatique italien
Film dramatique français
Film réalisé par Umberto Lenzi

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Prin Vrancea este un film românesc din 1969 regizat de Sergiu Huzum.

Prezentare

Note

Legături externe

Vezi și
 1969 în film

Filme românești
Filme în limba română
Filme din 1969


text:
Nikolaj Ottovič Essen (), ruski mornariški častnik, * 23. december 1860, Sankt Peterburg, † 20. maj 1915, Reval, Ruski  imperij.

Velja za enega najpomembnejših admiralov Ruske imperialne mornarice med prvo svetovno vojno.

Življenjepis

Izhaja iz plemiške rodbine baltskih Nemcev Essen. Njegovi predniki so več kot dve stoletji služili v Ruski imperialni mornarici in sedem jih je prejelo red svetega Jurija, najvišje vojaško odlikovanje Ruskega imperija. Prejel je domačo izobrazbo in tekoče govoril angleško, francosko, rusko ter materni nemški jezik.

Služil je v Tihooceanski floti (1892–1896) in sredozemski eskadri (1897–1902). Poveljeval je minolovcu, topnjači in parniku. Nato se je vrnil na Tihooceansko floto, kjer je poveljeval križarki Novik z matičnim pristaniščem v Vladivostoku. Na začetku rusko-japonske vojne je admiral Stepan Osipovič Makarov Essnu zaupal poveljevanje bojne ladje Sevastopol v Port Arthurju.

Sodeloval je v bitki v Rumenem morju in obrambi Port Arthurja. Ko je izvedel za padec trdnjave Port Arthur, je bojno ladjo Sevastopol potopil v globokem morju in to je bila edina bojna ladja, ki je Japonska vojna mornarica po vojni ni mogla dvigniti. Za svoja dejanja je bil odlikovan z redom svetega Jurija 3. stopnje in bil povišan v kapitana.

Na koncu vojne je postal kapitan oklepne križarke Rjurik. Leta 1908 je postal kontraadmiral, leta 1909 pa prvi poveljnik Baltske flote. Leta 1913 je postal admiral.

Priznan je kot en najbolj sposobnih ruskih admiralov v prvi svetovni vojni. V prvem letu vojne je energično vodil Baltsko floto, ki je bila sestavljena iz štirih bojnih ladij, petih križark, štirih lahkih križark, 62 torpednih čolnov in 12 podmornic. Maja 1915 se je okužil s pljučnico in nepričakovano umrl. Njegov sin Antonij je umrl v boju kot poveljnik podmornice AG-14 24. oktobra 1917, njegovi hčerki pa sta se poročili s pomorskimi častniki.

Po njem je bila poimenovana fregata  ruske Črnomorske flote.

Sklici

Admirali Ruske imperialne mornarice
Nosilci reda svetega Jurija
Nosilci reda svetega Vladimirja
Nosilci reda svetega Stanislava
Nosilci reda belega orla (Rusija)
Nosilci reda svete Ane
Nosilci reda meča
Nosilci legije časti
Nosilci reda princa Danila I.
Veterani rusko-japonske vojne
Ljudje, po katerih so poimenovali ladjo
Umrli za pljučnico


text:
Авети́с Агароня́н (; 1866, Игдир — 20 марта 1948, Марсель, Франция) — армянский беллетрист, общественный и политический деятель, первый глава первой Армянской республики. Член партии Дашнакцутюн.

В 1926 году выдвигался А. Мейе на Нобелевскую премию по литературе.

Биография
Родился в городе Игдир, Эриванской губернии, Российской империи (сейчас в составе Турции). Учился в епархиальной школе.
 1886 — окончил семинарию Геворгян в Эчмиадзине, вёл преподавательскую работу в этой же семинарии, в школах Игдира и Нор Баязета.
 1894—1896 — участвовал в оказании помощи беженцам, прибывшим в Сурмалинский уезд. В это же время опубликовал в «Мшаке» несколько рассказов, посвященных жизни беженцев.
 С 1898 — учился в Лозаннском университете, затем в течение года в Сорбоннском университете.
 1901—1902 — участвовал в переговорах между партиями Дашнакцутюн и Гнчак об объединении.
 1902—1905 — заведовал литературным отделом редакции газеты «Мурч» в Тифлисе.
 1907 — участие в созванном в Голландии Конгрессе мира, которому представил требования армян относительно решения Армянского вопроса.
 1907—1909 — директор школы Нерсисян в Тифлисе.
 1909—1911 —  арест по т. н. «делу Дашнакцутюн» и заключение в тюрьму.
 1911—1916 — находился в эмиграции.
 30 мая 1918 — 1 августа 1918 — председатель Армянского национального совета, который провозгласил независимость Армении 28 мая 1918 года.
 5 августа 1919 — 2 декабря 1920 — председатель Парламента Республики Армения.
 1918 — возглавлял правительственную делегацию Армении на переговорах в Константинополе.
 С 1920 года и до конца жизни находился в эмиграции, в Париже.
 1920 — возглавлял армянскую делегацию на Парижской мирной конференции, где подписал Севрский мирный договор.
 1921 — принимал участие в Лондонской конференции.
 1922—1923 — принимал участие в Лозаннской конференции.

Литературная деятельность

Начал писать в 1890-х годах, главным образом мелкие рассказы из жизни армян-беженцев, прибывших в Закавказье после сасунской резни.

В дальнейшем, под влиянием западно-европейского символизма, написал целый ряд пьес и романов: «Чёрная птица», «Долина слёз» и др. Ему принадлежат также удачные очерки и рассказы: «В Италии», «В швейцарской деревне», «На большой дороге», «На улице» и др.. Автор книги «От Сардарапата до Лозанны».

Его произведения, а особенно сборник «По пути свободы», оказали большое воздействие на армянскую общественную мысль.

Примечания

Ссылки
 ACAM

Литература

Писатели Армении
Общественные деятели Армении
Члены партии «Дашнакцутюн»
Номинанты Нобелевской премии по литературе
Похороненные на кладбище Пер-Лашез


text:
Poul Henning Schröder, född 25 juli 1906 i Köpenhamn, död 3 december 1979 i Annedals församling, Göteborg, var en dansk-svensk inredningsarkitekt.

Schröder, som var son till Anthon Schrøder och Agnes Gantzel, studerade vid Lyngby och Köpenhamns tecknarskolor 1928 och vid Süddeutsche Schreinerfachschule von Carl Maibaum i Nürnberg 1929. Han blev konsulterande arkitekt i Köpenhamn 1930, i Malmö 1933 och vid AB Ferd. Lundquist & Co i Göteborg 1944.

Referenser

Danska inredningsarkitekter
Svenska inredningsarkitekter
Födda 1906
Avlidna 1979
Män
Arkitekter från Köpenhamn
Danska arkitekter under 1900-talet
Svenska arkitekter under 1900-talet


text:
Jacques Cadiou (born 11 December 1943) is a French former racing cyclist. He rode in the 1967 Tour de France.

Major results
1965
 1st Grand Prix d'Aix-en-Provence
1966
 4th GP Ouest–France
1968
 1st Grand Prix de Cannes
 4th Tour du Nord-Ouest
1969
 1st GP Monaco
1970
 1st Grand Prix de Saint-Raphaël
 3rd Overall Tour d'Indre-et-Loire
1971
 1st Stage 13b Volta a Portugal
 3rd Paris–Camembert
1972
 4th Overall Tour d'Indre-et-Loire
1973
 9th Bordeaux–Paris

References

1943 births
Living people
French male cyclists
People from Dourdan


text:
Al-Rahabin () is a sub-district located in As Sawd District, 'Amran Governorate, Yemen. Al-Rahabin had a population of 2041 according to the 2004 census.

References

Sub-districts in As Sawd District


text:
Аєрпунш (, букв. «яєчний пунш») — німецька назва теплого, солодкого алкогольного напою на основі яєць, схожого на еґноґ. Є типово зимовим напоєм; його подають на популярних різдвяних ярмарках Німеччини та Австрії. Аєрпунш готують з жовтків, цукру, білого вина та ванілі. Деколи можуть додавати вершки або заварний крем.

Рецепт типового аєрпуншу з білим вином на 3-4 осіб:
 1 пляшка білого вина (750 мл)
 4 яйця (або 8 жовтків)
 5 ст. л. цукру
 1 пачка ванільного цукру (або 2 ч. л. цукру та 1 ч. л. ванільного екстракту
 дрібка кориці
 4 зубці гвоздики
 250 мл міцного чаю
 лимон чи лимонний сік
Приготуйте 250 мл чаю та залиште вистигати. Збийте віничком 5 столових ложок цукру з яйцями (або жовтками), додайте трошки холодного білого вина, після цього активно збивайте. Додайте ванільний цукор до суміші та влийте туди решту білого вина, додайте корицю, гвоздику, лимонний сік та охолоджений час. За бажанням ще можна додати 50 мл темного рому. Перелийте готову суміш у баняк та легенько підігрійте. Не давайте їй нагріватись надто швидко, зверху вона повинна пінитись. Вийміть гвоздику. Напій подавайте гарячим та пінистим в горнятку, за бажанням можна додати збиті вершки та імбирне печиво.

Див. також
 Адвокат
 Кокіто
 Еґноґ
 Гоголь-моголь
 Ромпопе
 Сабайон

Джерела
 Рецепт аєрпуншу

Австрійська кухня
Різдвяна їжа
Німецька кухня
Незавершені статті про Німеччину
Коктейлі з вином


text:
Johann Gottfried Bernhard Bach (* Weimar,  - † Iéna, ) est le sixième enfant de Jean-Sébastien Bach et l'avant-dernier que lui donna sa première femme, Maria Barbara.

Biographie
Johann Gottfried Bernhard tient deux de ses prénoms de ses parrains Johann Andréas Schanert, greffier à Ohrdruf et de Johann Bernhard Bach, un cousin organiste à Eisenach. Il fréquente la Thomasschule et est l'élève de son père grâce auquel il obtient, le , le poste d'organiste de la Marienkirche de Mühlhausen. L'atmosphère hostile qui y règne le décide à changer de poste : il est nommé organiste de la Jacobikirche de Sangerhausen le . Accablé de dettes, il quitte la ville au printemps 1738 en se gardant d'informer qui que ce soit de sa nouvelle destination. Il se fait inscrire clandestinement à l'Université d'Iéna (faculté de droit) le , mais meurt prématurément, victime d'une fièvre aiguë.

Voir aussi
 Famille Bach

Liens externes

Johann Gottfried
Naissance en mai 1715
Naissance à Weimar
Décès en mai 1739
Décès à Iéna
Décès à 24 ans
Étudiant de l'université d'Iéna


text:
El Luhrs Building es un edificio histórico de diez pisos ubicado en 11 West Jefferson en Phoenix, en el estado de Arizona (Estados Unidos). Fue incluido en el Registro de propiedades históricas de Phoenix en 1990. Fue construido por el empresario local George HN Luhrs, un miembro original del Concejo Municipal de Phoenix de 1881 a 1885, a un costo de 553 000 dólares, y se inauguró el 17 de mayo de 1924. En ese momento, era el edificio más alto de Phoenix y se decía que era el edificio más grande entre El Paso y Los Ángeles.

En 2009, el edificio fue renovado con la ayuda de una subvención de preservación histórica de 500 000 dólares.

Arquitectura
El Luhrs Building en forma de L fue diseñado en el estilo Beaux-Arts por el estudio de arquitectura de El Paso de Trost & Trost.El edificio está revestido con ladrillo marrón, con una elaborada ornamentación de mármol en los dos pisos superiores y una cornisa pesada en la parte superior. Jay J. Garfield, un conocido constructor local, fue el contratista del edificio.

La planta baja del edificio fue arrendada por el Departamento del Tesoro de los Estados Unidos entre 1924 y 1935. Los pisos 7 al 10 fueron la ubicación original del Arizona Club, incluidos los comedores, los salones, una biblioteca y las habitaciones para los miembros del club. Cuando el Arizona Club se mudó del Luhrs Building en 1971, los pisos superiores también se convirtieron en espacio para oficinas. El sexto piso fue ocupado originalmente por Standard Oil.

Véase también

 Anexo:Edificios más altos de Phoenix
 Primeros rascacielos
 Luhrs Tower

Referencias

Edificios y estructuras terminadas en 1924
Arquitectura de Estados Unidos de 1924
Edificios de oficinas de Estados Unidos de los años 1920
Rascacielos de oficinas de Estados Unidos
Arquitectura Beaux-Arts en Estados Unidos


text:
This is a list of the deadliest tornadoes in world history. This list includes confirmed individual tornadoes that caused 100 or more direct fatalities.

The deadliest tornadoes by far have occurred in a small area of Bangladesh and East India. In this  area, 24 of the 42 tornadoes which are known to have killed 100 or more people occurred. This is probably due to the high population density and poor economic status of the area, as well as a lack of early warning system.

Most of the rest occurred in the United States in 1953 or earlier, before tornado prediction efforts began. The only tornado on this list to occur during the 21st century is the Joplin tornado, which occurred on May 22, 2011.

Uncertainty

There are many sources of uncertainty in the statistics mentioned on this page. Before the 20th century, and even until recently in third-world countries, records-keeping was spotty at best. Before the American Civil War, slave deaths were often not included in tornado death tolls. Fatalities of Africans in the Southern US were routinely not counted through the 1940s and in some cases into the 1950s. Most tornadoes from many decades ago had no official government report on damage or casualties, so statistics must be compiled from local newspapers, which are not always a reliable, consistent, or comprehensive source. Many death tolls were published with people still missing, or with people critically injured and likely to die later. News media, Red Cross, and other counts don't necessarily distinguish whether a death was directly caused by a tornado and can include deaths during cleanup efforts. Routine counting of fatalities began in the US in the 1950s. In Bangladesh and India, exact populations of towns were often not known, so most death figures are approximate. Individual tornado descriptions go into more detail on these uncertainties. Officials in some areas, for example in Russia (and the USSR) and parts of Europe, until recent years denied that tornadoes occur in those areas thus fatalities may not be counted as tornadic.

There is also meteorological uncertainty with the nature of many tornadoes on this list. Before the 1970s, and even now outside of North America, most tornado paths were not thoroughly surveyed to ensure that the storm was indeed a single tornado and not a series of tornadoes from the same storm (a tornado family). Often a single supercell can produce a new tornado soon after or even before the demise of an old tornado, giving the appearance to many observers that a single tornado has caused all the damage. On this list, if it is likely that the tornado was in fact two or more tornadoes, it will appear in italics.

Tornadoes

''*This was probably not a single tornado, but a tornado family (a group of tornadoes formed by the same supercell). However, it is impossible to tell from historical records, so officially they are recorded as a single tornado.
†May have been higher.
#Most injury figures are approximate

See also
List of deadliest Storm Prediction Center days by outlook risk level
List of natural disasters by death toll
List of tornadoes and tornado outbreaks
List of tornado-related deaths at schools
List of F5 and EF5 tornadoes
 List of F4 and EF4 tornadoes
 List of F4 and EF4 tornadoes (2010–2019)
 List of F4 and EF4 tornadoes (2020–present)
Tornado records

References

Book reference

External links
 The 25 Deadliest U.S. Tornadoes by the Storm Prediction Center

 100 or more deaths
tornadoes


text:
Neo Jessica Joshua (born 20 December 1987), better known as Nao (), is an English singer-songwriter and record producer from East London. Her sound has been described as soul combined with electronic music, funk and R&B. Nao coined the term "wonky funk" to describe her style. She released her debut album, For All We Know, in 2016, her second album, Saturn, in 2018, followed by her most recent album, And Then Life Was Beautiful, released in 2021.

Background and early life
Nao was the youngest of five children in her Jamaican mother's house, but is the only child of her mother and father, who raised her "as friends" between London and Nottingham, where he lives. Her single "Another Lifetime" was dedicated to her mother.

She studied vocal jazz at the Guildhall School of Music & Drama in London and went on to be a backing singer for artists such as Kwabs and Jarvis Cocker. For six years up to 2014 she sang in an all-girl a cappella group called The Boxettes.

Career
In October 2014 she released her first EP, So Good, it reached number 4 on the iTunes electronic chart and the title track made the BBC Radio 1 and BBC 1Xtra national playlists in the United Kingdom. This was followed by a second EP, 15 February (II MMXV), in May 2015, receiving the "Best New Music" tag from Pitchfork. Nao made her hit "Another Lifetime" for her mother. In September 2015 Nao was named as a nominee for best newcomer at the 2015 MOBO Awards. Nao was a featured vocalist and writer on Disclosure's UK number 1 album, Caracal, on the track "Superego". She was featured in the long list for the BBC Sound of... 2016 prize in November 2015, ultimately being named in third place in January 2016. Nao also featured as a co-writer on the track "Velvet / Jenny Francis (Interlude)" on Stormzy's debut album Gang Signs & Prayer.

Her debut album, For All We Know, was released on 29 July 2016, leading to a Brit Award Nomination for Best British Female Solo Artist.

In 2017, she released a buzz single, entitled "Nostalgia", as she tells fans that she was back in the studio recording material for her second album. During that time, she also appeared as a co-writer in Mura Masa's self-titled debut album on the song "Nothing Else!", featuring Jamie Lidell.

In mid-2018, she revealed that her next single was to be called "Another Lifetime" and co-written and produced by debut album affiliates Grades and Stint. It was eventually released in June 2018. She also performed live with Chic and Mura Masa on the song "Boogie All Night", which is included on Chic's 2018 comeback album It's About Time; she is a featured artist on the song alongside Mura Masa. She released her second album Saturn on 26 October 2018. Saturn respectively received nominations for Album of the Year at the Mercury Prize in 2019 and Best Urban Contemporary Album at the 62nd Grammy Awards in 2020.

On 29 July 2021, Nao revealed details of her third album, And Then Life Was Beautiful, which was released on September 24, 2021.

Personal life
On 15 January 2020, Nao announced via Instagram that she was expecting her first child. She gave birth to a girl on 11 June 2020. In 2021, Nao announced that she would not be touring for her third album because of her diagnosis of chronic fatigue syndrome.

Discography

Studio albums

Extended plays

Singles

Promotional singles

As featured artist

Guest appearances

Songwriting credits

Awards and nominations

References

1987 births
Living people
21st-century Black British women singers
Avant-garde singers
English electronic musicians
British women singer-songwriters
English women in electronic music
English people of Jamaican descent
English record producers


text:
Gotra (clan)
 Gotra (geslacht), een geslacht van gewone sluipwespen


text:
Hadrut bezeichnet
 Hadrut (Provinz), eine Provinz der Republik Bergkarabach
 Hadrut (Stadt), eine Stadt in Aserbaidschan bzw. in der Republik Bergkarabach


text:
Alaeddine Ajaray (en ), né le  à Casablanca (Maroc), est un footballeur marocain jouant au poste d'attaquant au Maghreb de Fes.

Biographie

En club
Alaeddine Ajaray commence sa carrière en deuxième division marocaine avec le Widad Sportive Témara. Avec ce club, il dispute quatorze matchs et marque deux buts.

Le 1er août 2019, il signe un contrat de trois ans à la RS Berkane. Il vit une saison impressionnante avec le club en remportant la Coupe de la confédération 2019-2020, soit le premier titre continental de l'histoire du club. Il dispute six matchs en compétition continentale et 18 matchs en Botola Pro. Indésirable en fin de saison, il est mis sur la liste des départs.

Le 13 novembre 2020, il signe un contrat de trois ans au Maghreb Association sportive.

En sélection
Le 21 mars 2021, il est convoqué par Houcine Ammouta avec l'équipe du Maroc A' pour un stage de préparation, à huit mois de la Coupe arabe de la FIFA 2021. Le joueur ne sera finalement pas repris pour la compétition.

Palmarès

En club
 RS Berkane
 Coupe de la confédération (1) :
 Vainqueur : 2019-20.

Notes et références

Liens externes

Naissance en janvier 1993
Naissance à Casablanca
Footballeur marocain
Joueur de la Renaissance sportive de Berkane
Joueur du Maghreb de Fès


text:
Emblyna mitis är en spindelart som först beskrevs av Tord Tamerlan Teodor Thorell 1875.  Emblyna mitis ingår i släktet Emblyna och familjen kardarspindlar. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.

Källor

Kardarspindlar
mitis


text:
Monte Binga is een berg in Sussundenga-district, Mozambique.

De Monte Binga is onderdeel van Chimanimani-gebergte, en is het hoogste punt van Mozambique.
Het ligt in de provincie Manica.

Berg in Mozambique
Tweeduizender


text:
North Bay 69 was a forest fire burning in Strathcona Township of Temagami, Ontario, Canada. The fire, which was started by a lightning strike, was reported on July 8, 2018 and threatened the nearby town of Temagami, as well as forced evacuation of some residents along Highway 11 south of the town. North Bay 69 was extinguished on August 15, leaving behind a burned area measuring .

Events
Three intense thunderstorms took place in the North Bay District with little accompanying rain between June 30 and July 6, 2018 that resulted in several wildfires throughout the North Bay Fire Management Area. North Bay 69 was discovered on July 8 in Strathcona Township,  southeast of the town of Temagami. It was approximately  in size and posed an imminent threat to areas in front of the wildfire's path, resulting in 20 homes being evacuated south of the town between Finlayson Point Provincial Park and Jessie Lake.

By July 9, the town of Temagami became very smokey and a voluntary notice had been issued for the town to evacuate. Some residents with respiratory issues had already voluntarily left by this time. North Bay 69 had grown  in size by July 10 and the town of Temagami was still on a voluntary evacuation notice. Sprinkler systems were installed at the Temagami marina to protect structures from the wildfire. Fire crews were actively battling the wildfire but North Bay 69 was still not under control on July 11.

Fire crews and heavy helicopters made good progress in reducing fire activity of North Bay 69 on July 12. The wildfire was remapped to reflect a more accurate size of  on July 15, although it had not grown in recent days. The evacuation order extending south of the town of Temagami to Jessie Lake was downgraded to an evacuation alert. The status of North Bay 69 on July 17 was "being held" but was downgraded to "under control" on July 18. The status of North Bay 69 remained as "under control" on July 19. The Municipality of Temagami ended its declaration of emergency on July 24 and North Bay 69 was eventually extinguished on August 15.

Impact
Inaccurate information regarding the dangers posed to Temagami by North Bay 69 in early July 2018 had a devastating effect on businesses in the community throughout the summer season. Affected businesses included Lakeland Airways, the Three Buoys houseboat operation and the Temagami Shores restaurant. In August, Darren Gareh, owner of Lakeland Airways and the Three Buoys houseboat operation, said "at this time of the year I would normally have 15 flights a day. But we've only got about five or six now." Steph and Mark Wagner, owners of the Temagami Shores restaurant, also expressed their struggles in August. "Right now, at this time of the year, we should be full," said Mark Wagner. Steph Wagner said, "there were a lot of misconceptions about what actually happened here" and that "it scared people".

See also
List of fires in Canada

References

External links

Wildfires in Canada
Natural disasters in Ontario
2018 in Ontario
2018 wildfires in North America
2018 disasters in Canada
Strathcona Township
History of Temagami


text:
{{Info/Ator
| lang = br
| nome = Sabrina Fidalgo
| imagem = SabrinaFidalgo2.jpg
| localidaden = Rio de Janeiro, RJ,
| nacionalidade =
| ocupação = cineasta, atriz, produtora, colunista, escritora, artista visual e  apresentadora
| atividade = 1981 – presente
| IMDB_id = 2776284
| Pais = Ubirajara Fidalgo e Alzira Fidalgo
|premio                = Vencedora dos Troféus Candango de Melhor Direção e Melhor Trilha Sonora | 52º Festival de Brasília do Cinema Brasileiro
| indicações         = Grande Prêmio do Cinema Brasileiro 2020 – Alfazema (filme)
| educação= Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro Hochschule für Fernsehen und Film München  Universidad de Córdoba (España)
| Cônjuge = Yvan Rodic
| nascimento_data =
}}Sabrina Fidalgo (Rio de Janeiro, 24 de setembro ) é uma diretora de cinema, roteirista, atriz,  artista visual,  colunista, autora e produtora  brasileira. Foi eleita em março de 2018, pela publicação norte-americana Bustle, uma das 36 Female Filmmakers Across the Globe Who Are Breaking Ground In Their Own Country, ficando em oitavo lugar. Dirigiu os filmes de curta e media-metragem Black Berlim (2009), Personal Vivator (2014), Rainha (2016) e Alfazema (2019). Esse último concorreu ao Grande Prêmio do Cinema Brasileiro, na categoria de Melhor Curta-metragem, e foi o vencedor dos troféus Candango, nas categorias de Melhor Direção e Melhor Trilha-sonora, no 52º Festival de Brasília do Cinema Brasileiro.

Biografia
Filha do dramaturgo Ubirajara Fidalgo e da produtora teatral  Alzira Fidalgo, Sabrina Fidalgo nasceu e cresceu entre os bairros de Copacabana e Botafogo, na Zona Sul do Rio de Janeiro. Durante a infância e adolescência estudou na escola particular Colégio Santo Amaro de corrente católica-beneditina. Estreou nos palcos aos 2 anos de idade como atriz-mirim da companhia Teatro Profissional do Negro - T.E.P.R.O.N,  fundada por seus pais nos anos 1970, onde permaneceu até os 8 anos de idade. Cursou Teoria do Teatro no curso de Artes-Cênicas da Uni-Rio e, no final do ano 2000, se radicou em Munique, Alemanha, onde estudou alemão se formando no Deutschkurse bei der Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München (LMU) e posteriormente ingressando no  curso de Humanidades e Estudos Sociológicos no Studienkolleg bei den Universitäten des Freistaates Bayern. Após finalizar os estudos frequentou os cursos de cinema e documentário na Hochschule für Fernsehen und Film München e, na sequência, fora contemplada com uma bolsa de estudos integral para realizar uma especialização em roteiro cinematográfico promovida pela instituição espanhola, ABC Guionístas, na Universidade de Córdoba (Espanha).

De volta ao Brasil, em 2008, abriu no ano seguinte, juntamente com sua mãe Alzira Fidalgo, a produtora independente de cinema Fidalgo Produções, onde passou a produzir e coproduzir seus próprios projetos.

Estreou no cinema ainda na Alemanha, escrevendo, dirigindo, atuando e coproduzindo o curta-metragem Sonar 2006 - Special Report. Em seguida, igualmente escreveu, dirigiu, atuou e produziu os curta-metragens   Das Gesetz des Staerkeren (2007), Black Berlim (2009), Cinema Mudo (2012) e Personal Vivator (2014). Ainda no ano de 2014 realizou o documentário musical de média-metragem para a televisão Rio Encantado. Com Black Berlim ganhou o prêmio especial do júri no BAFF - Bahia Afro Film Festival, escolhido como filme síntese sobre migração e imigração pelo Lateinamerika-Institut da Freie Universität Berlin.

Seu filme de média-metragem Rainha (2016), que inicia sua Trilogia do Carnaval, estreou no Festival Ver e Fazer Filmes e levou os prêmios de melhor atriz, melhor ator coadjuvante, melhor figurino e melhor som. Ainda em 2016, Rainha (2016) ganhou o prêmio de melhor filme pelo Juri Popular da competição do Panorama Carioca do Festival Internacional de Curtas do Rio de Janeiro - Curta Cinema . Em 2017, Rainha (2016) recebeu o prêmio de melhor filme de média-metragem do 8º Festival de Cinema Independente CIVIFILMES de São Paulo, no ano seguinte recebeu os prêmios de Melhor Atriz no 6º Festival de Cinema Curta Pinhais - FESTCINE , o troféu FISCINE de Melhor Filme de média-metragem no Festival de Cinema de Jaraguá do Sul e Melhor Atriz no VI Tudo Sobre Mulheres - Festival de Cinema Feminino da Chapada dos Guimarães, entre outros. Em 2019  Rainha (2016) foi convidado pelo International Film Festival Rotterdam para participar da mostra "Perspectives".

Ainda em 2019, ela lançou a segunda parte da Trilogia do Carnaval iniciada com Rainha. Alfazema estreou no 12º Encontro de Cinema Negro Zózimo Bulbul - Brasil, África, Caribe e outras Diásporas no dia 26 de outubro de 2019 e foi o vencedor do prêmio de Melhor Filme pelo Juri Popular do 29º Festival Internacional de Curtas do Rio de Janeiro - Curta Cinema, tornando-a bicampeã nessa categoria do festival. Alfazema foi ainda o vencedor dos troféus Candango. nas categorias Melhor Direção e Melhor Trilha-Sonora, no 52º Festival de Brasília do Cinema Brasileiro. O curta ainda foi um dos finalistas da 20° edição do Grande Prêmio do Cinema Brasileiro em 2020 e o vencedor de cinco prêmios no 2º Festival de Cinema Negro de Santa Catarina, como Melhor Direção e Melhor Roteiro e o Prêmio Cruz e Souza de Melhor Filme de Curta-Metragem.

Nesse mesmo ano, Sabrina compôs a mesa do júri da 48ª edição do Festival de Cinema de Gramado, onde foi eleita a Presidente do Júri, tornando-se a primeira mulher negra a ocupar essa posição no festival de cinema mais tradicional do Brasil. Em 2020 voltou a ser convidada pelo festival a compor o júri da 50° edição comemorativa do Festival de Gramado.

Em 2022, seu primeiro trabalho como artista visual, a videoinstalação Voyage, Voyage , foi selecionada pela prestigiosa galeria de arte A Gentil Carioca, através de edital público para participação na 17ª edição da exposição coletiva "Abre-Alas", com curadoria dos artistas Maxwell Alexandre, Pollyana Quintella e Deri Andrade. A obra, que versa sobre a impossibilidade de deslocamento durante a pandemia global do COVID-19, ficou exposta ao público entre os meses de fevereiro e abril desse ano na sede da galeria no Rio de Janeiro. Um dos filmes da videoinstalação foi selecionado para a mostra competitiva de curtas-metragens do 30° Festival Internacional de Curtas do Rio de Janeiro.

Também em 2022, participou como autora na antologia Pretagonismos, organizado por Rodrigo França e Raymundo Jonathan pela Editora Agir.

Entre 28 de abril de 2015 e março de 2016, Sabrina Fidalgo comandou o programa de web TV SuperBapho, produzido pela Midia Ninja e transmitido em tempo real na internet através do Canal Pos TV. A partir do ano de 2017, ela subiu uma série de episódios do programa independente sobre música eletrônica, o House of Lady Sabrina, pioneiro no Stories da rede social Instagram.

Em 2020, foi citada como parte dos Top 10 Novos Cineastas Brasileiros pelo Papo de Cinema, em uma lista feita através da votação de diversos críticos.

Entre 2019 e 2020 colaborou com a coluna
Quadro Negro de Dodô Azevedo na Folha de S.Paulo. Em 2020, estreou como articulista do HuffPost Brasil até o fechamento do portal no Brasil. Desde fevereiro de 2021 é uma das colunistas digitais da Vogue Brasil.

Obras
 PRETAGONÍSMOS. Rio de Janeiro: AGIR, 2022. ISBN 9786558371250:'''

"Pretagonismo" é um neologismo adotado por Rodrigo França e Jonathan Raymundo, organizadores desta obra, para descrever aquilo que foi negado às pessoas negras durante séculos: o domínio sobre suas próprias histórias. Pouco a pouco, porém, os mais de 100 milhões de negros e negras no Brasil têm sido capazes de se ver representados na cultura, na sociedade, nas artes, na política, enfim, em todos os espaços.

Este livro reúne textos de 28 pessoas de diversas áreas que têm escrito uma nova história, agora no papel de narradores, sujeitos e protagonistas: Adailton Moreira Costa, Andressa Cabral, Anielle Franco, Aza Njeri, Carla Akotirene, Deborah Medeiros, Diego Moraes, Doralyce, Eliana Alves Cruz, Elisa Lucinda, Érico Brás, Fábio Kabral, Filó Filho, Flávia Oliveira, Henrique Vieira, Jonathan Raymundo, Julio de Sá, Katiúscia Ribeiro, Leonardo Morjan Britto Peçanha, Marco Rocha, Mariana Ferreira, Pedro Carneiro, Rico Dalasam, Rodrigo França, Sabrina Fidalgo, Valéria Barcellos, William Reis e ainda conta com a contribuição da ambientalista indígena Narubia Werreria.

Filmografia
 2006 - Sonar 2006 - Special Report (Curta-Metragem, documentário em vídeo)
 2007 - Das Gesetz des Staerkeren (Curta-metragem, ficção)
 2009 - Black Berlim (Curta-metragem, ficção)
 2012 - Cinema Mudo (Curta-metragem, ficção)
 2014 - Personal Vivator (Curta-metragem, ficção)
 2014 - Rio Encantado (Media-metragem, documentário musical)
 2016 - Rainha (Curta-metragem, ficção)
2019 - Alfazema (Curta-metragem, ficção)
2022 - Voyage, Voyage (videoarte | experimental)

Ligações externas
  Site Oficial
  IMDB de Sabrina Fidalgo
  Quem é Sabrina Fidalgo - AFRONTA
 A Mulher Negra no Cinema Brasileiro Por Sabrina Fidalgo - Site Cinemação

Naturais da cidade do Rio de Janeiro
Atrizes do Rio de Janeiro (estado)
Cineastas do Rio de Janeiro
Cineastas afro-brasileiros
Documentaristas do Brasil
!Mais Teoria da História na Wiki (Negres)


text:
Claude Desgranges est un homme politique français né le  à Romenay (Saône-et-Loire) et décédé le  à Dijon (Cote-d'Or).

Biographie
Négociant, il est maire de Romenay de 1888 à 1921, et conseiller général du canton de Tournus de 1904 à sa mort. Il est élu sénateur de Saône-et-Loire en 1920, mais meurt en 1921, des suites d'une opération chirurgicale.

Notes et références

Voir aussi

Bibliographie

Articles connexes
 Liste des sénateurs de Saône-et-Loire

Liens externes

Naissance en septembre 1857
Naissance en Saône-et-Loire
Décès en mars 1921
Décès à Dijon
Sénateur de Saône-et-Loire
Maire de Saône-et-Loire
Conseiller général de Saône-et-Loire
Décès à 63 ans


text:
Biografia
Di nobile famiglia pavese, studiò Filosofia e Teologia presso il Seminario Vescovile di Pavia; nel dicembre 1906 si laureò in Teologia presso il Pontificio Seminario Romano; nel giugno 1912 conseguì la Licenza in Scienze Bibliche presso la Pontificia Commissione Biblica.

Nel giugno 1906 fu ordinato sacerdote e nel marzo 1918 Canonico Onorario della Cattedrale dal  Vescovo di Pavia Monsignore Francesco Ciceri; il Vescovo Giuseppe Ballerini lo insignì del titolo di Monsignore nel 1931 e, nello stesso anno, ottenne il titolo di Cameriere Segreto soprannumerario di Papa Pio XI.

Nel 1909 incominciò ad insegnare Biblica presso il Seminario Vescovile di Pavia.

Nell'aprile 1922 si laureò presso l'Università di Pavia con una tesi dal titolo "Sul valore storico della dimora di Israele in Egitto".

Dal 1925 al 1928 fu docente di Materie Letterarie presso il R. Ginnasio Ugo Foscolo di Pavia.

Dal 1936 al 1954 fu professore incaricato della cattedra di Ebraico e Lingue semitiche comparate presso l'Ateneo pavese.

Tra il 1928 e il 1939 fu Rettore dell'Almo  Collegio Borromeo ; ritiratosi poi in Seminario, ne divenne Prefetto degli Studi.

Nel 1956 lasciò la sua biblioteca personale  all'Università di Pavia, dove è tuttora conservata come Fondo Rinaldo Nascimbene.

Morì nel 1958 a Pavia.

Il fondo librario

Il una lettera autografa datata 19 aprile 1956, Nascimbene comunicò la propria intenzione di donare alla Facoltà di Lettere dell'Università di Pavia le cinque librerie già presenti presso la biblioteca, con tutto il loro contenuto di libri, riviste e documenti manoscritti (oltre 700 volumi e alcune testate di periodici), riservando a se stesso e al direttore della biblioteca l'uso esclusivo dei volumi, fino alla propria morte.

La donazione fu ufficialmente accettata dal Consiglio di Amministrazione dell'Università nel maggio dello stesso anno, ma il materiale fu inventariato ed entrò a far parte del patrimonio della biblioteca solo negli anni 1958-59.

Raccolto per motivi di studio, comprende varie edizioni della vulgata, anche in edizioni antiche, e varie bibbie in ebraico; il Nuovo Testamento in siriaco, arabo, copto, tigrino, ge-ez; la prima edizione italiana (Brescia, 1597-1598, postuma) dei Commentarii in quatuor Evangelistas di Juan Maldonado; un'ampia gamma di saggi e commenti alla Bibbia di autorevoli studiosi contemporanei quali Joseph-Marie Lagrange, Rudolf Bultmann, Alfred Loisy, Rudolf Kittel; numerose opere sulla storia del popolo ebreo e molti testi di esegeti cattolici e protestanti.

Il fondo, attualmente conservato presso la Biblioteca di Studi Umanistici , è identificabile dalla firma del possessore, da un timbro di possesso o, più frequentemente, dall'ex libris con il suo nome. Una parte dei volumi è stata personalmente acquisita da Nascimbene dal Seminario diocesano di Pavia, che conserva preso la propria biblioteca molti volumi e riviste identificate dal medesimo ex libris.

Opere
Il "Logos" di S. Giovanni, La scuola cattolica, 38(2), 1910: 802.809

Il problema escatologico in S. Paolo, La scuola cattolica 47(2), 1919: 293-310; 48(1), 1920: 38-53 e 431-445

Cento anni di Egittologia: 1822-1922, La scuola cattolica 51, 1923: 48-62

Note esegetiche: Esodo 20., 22-26, nell'interpretazione degli esegeti contemporanei, La scuola cattolica 52(1), 1924: 428-435

Alcune osservazioni sul valore degli Atti in ordine allo studio di S. Paolo, La scuola cattolica 53(1), 1925: 180-199

Il canto di Debora, Annuario del R. Liceo Ugo Foscolo 1926-27, 1936-37, Pavia: Arti Grafiche

Antichissime testimonianze sugli ebrei. Athenaeum: studi periodici di letteratura e storia, A. 5 n.s. (1927): 147-159

Il Salmo 39 e i Salmi da morto nuovamente tradotti dallo ebraico in lingua volgare e metricamente disposti dal canonico Rinaldo Nascimbene, Pavia: Artigianelli, 1931

Lezioni di Ebraico e lingue semitiche comparate: anno accademico 1944-45. Parte I: La lingua ebraica. Parte II: Testi semitici; vocabolario, Pavia: Cucchi, 1944-45

Dalle fonti aramaiche nuova traduzione della Bibbia?, La Provincia pavese, anno CXXXI, n. 202, 1950.

Ancora dei Charibu, Athenaeum: studi periodici di letteratura e storia, fasc. I-II, 1951

Palaestina antiqua (eiusque divisio aetate Jesu Christi), Novara: Istituto Geografico De Agostini, 1944 (carta geografica)

Note

Bibliografia
 Cesare Angelini, Ritratti di sacerdoti, Pavia, 1977  (Quaderni del Seminario di Pavia; 6)
 Giuseppe Casati, Mons. Rinaldo Nascimbene, Pavia, Fusi, 1970 (Quaderni del Seminario di Pavia; 2)
 Necrologio, Vita diocesana, anno XXXIV, aprile-luglio 1958: 87

Altri progetti


text:
Ajusco je sopečný dóm v Mexiku, jehož nejvyšší vrchol Cruz del Marqués měří 3 930 m n. m. Nachází se v Tlalpanu na jižním předměstí Ciudad de México a je nejvyšší horou na území mexického hlavního města. Ajusco je součástí Neovulkanického pohoří, převažujícími horninami jsou andezit a dacit. K poslední erupci vulkánu došlo podle odhadů před více než deseti tisíci lety.

V roce 1936 zde byl vyhlášen národní park Cumbres del Ajusco, kde žije ohrožený králík lávový. Na svazích sopky rostou duby, borovice a jedle posvátná.

Oblast okolo sopky je pro obyvatele metropole oblíbeným cílem výletů a byl zde založen zábavní park společnosti Six Flags. Návštěvníkům jsou k dispozici cyklostezky, ekofarmy, kempy a výletní restaurace, v zimě se zde dá lyžovat. Na vrcholu byly nalezeny pozůstatky aztéckého kultovního místa.

Název hory znamená v jazyce nahuatl "tryskající voda", zdejší prameny napájejí řeky Balsas a Lermu.

Reference

Externí odkazy

Třítisícovky v Mexiku
Sopky v Mexiku
Ciudad de México


text:
Vlčí hory nebo Vlčí Hory může znamenat:
místopisné označení (část obce, místní název)
 Vlčí Hory: malá vesnice, část obce Staré Bříště v okrese Pelhřimov
 Vlčí hory: místní název v katastrálním území obce Miskovice, nedaleko NPP Rybníček u Hořan ()

název filmu
 Vlčí hory (film): český název španělského přírodopisného dokumentárního filmu Las Montañas del lobo z roku 2003

Související články
 Vlčí hora

Rozcestníky_-_místopisné_jméno


text:
Joseph Ware may refer to:

 Joseph Ware (cricketer) (1822–1868), English cricketer
 Joseph F. Ware Sr. (1880–1969), professor of military science and tactics
 Joe Ware (baseball) (1913–1994), American Negro league baseball player
 Joseph F. Ware Jr. (1916–2012), flight test engineer


text:
Aziz Hajini (born Abdul Aziz Parray; 7 March 1957  11 September 2021) was a Kashmiri writer, poet, critic and convenor of Sahitya Akademi for New Delhi's Northern Regional Board. He served as a government school teacher for 30 years before being appointed as assistant professor at the department of Kashmiri of the University of Kashmir until he retired from active service in 2019. In between he was appointed secretary of Jammu and Kashmir Academy of Art, Culture and Languages in 2015 by PDP led government which evoked severe criticism in the media for his alleged links with the separatists.

Biography
Hajini was born as Abdul Aziz Parray in 1957 at Hajan area of Bandipura, Jammu and Kashmir. He did his early schooling at Hajan, and later moved to Srinagar city where he graduated from the Government Degree College, Bemina. He later received honours degree in Kashmiri language from the University of Kashmir. He is first gold medalist of the university in the Kashmiri language category. He obtained PhD in 2017 from the same university. Prior to his PhD, he qualified for the National Eligibility Test (NET).

Hajini died on 11 September 2021, at the age of 64.

Career
He was elected  as the president of Adbee Markaz Kamraz, an NGO of the Jammu and Kashmir. From 2008 to 2012, he served as convenor of Sahitya Akademi for Kashmiri languages. Prior to this, he served as a member of the Akademi from 1997 to 2002.

In 2015, his book Aane Khane, a literary criticism covering Kashmiri literature and language was released by the then governor of Jammu and Kashmir Narinder Nath Vohra and later in 2016, he became the recipient of Akademi Award in Kashmir after the book was released to general public.

He was also appointed a member of the Indian Institute of Public Administration for New Delhi and a member of the National Book Trust in 2012. From 1998 to 2000, he was appointed president of Kashmir Theater Association an NGO and between 1998 and 2008, served as general secretary of the Adbi Markaz Kamraz. He also participated in literary seminars abroad such as the US, the UAE and in Canada.

Literary contribution
He wrote more than twenty books in Kashmiri language, including poetry and criticism.

Controversy
His appointment as Secretary of Jammu Kashmir Academy of Art Culture and languages (JAACL) in 2015  evoked severe criticism in the media for his alleged links with the separatists, especially with Umar Farooq All Party Hurriyat Conference Chief.

Awards
In 2013, he translated 'Do Gaz Zameen, a novel by Abdul Samad into Kashmiri language, leading it to become the recipient of an uncertain award for best translation in Kashmiri.

References

1957 births
2021 deaths
People from Srinagar
University of Kashmir alumni
Poets from Jammu and Kashmir
Recipients of the Sahitya Akademi Award in Kashmiri
Recipients of the Sahitya Akademi Prize for Translation


text:
Biografia
Nata a Newburgh, nello stato statunitense di New York, ottenne una bachelor al Vassar College nel 1915. Lavorò con la Nast publishing prima che iniziasse la prima guerra mondiale, terminata la quale, strinse amicizia con i componenti dell'Algonquin Round Table, fra cui Alexander Woollcott.

Nel 1928 sposò Ralph Pulitzer.

Riconoscimenti
 1943: premio Pulitzer per la storia per l'opera Reveille in Washington, 1860–1865.
 1960: premio Bancroft per l'opera In the Days of McKinley

Opere
The Back of the Book (1924)
Tin Wedding (1926)
The Feathered Nest (1928)
Reveille in Washington, 1860–1865 (1942)
In the Days of McKinley (1959)

Note

Collegamenti esterni

Vincitori del Premio Pulitzer


text:
Origine
Secondo la Chronique anonyme des rois de France, Margherita era la figlia terzogenita del re di Francia Luigi IX il Santo e della moglie, Margherita di Provenza, che come riportato dal Vincentii Bellovacensis Memoriale Omnium Temporum era la figlia primogenita del conte di Provenza e conte di Forcalquier, Raimondo Berengario IV e della moglie (come risulta dalla cronaca del monaco benedettino inglese, cronista della storia inglese, Matteo Paris (1200 – 1259), quando descrive il matrimonio della figlia Eleonora con il re d'Inghilterra, Enrico III), Beatrice di Savoia (1206 – 1266), che, secondo il documento n° 49 del Peter der Zweite Graf von Savoyen, Markgraf in Italien, sein Haus und seine Lande, dello storico, Ludwig Wurstenberger, era figlia del Conte di Savoia, d'Aosta e di Moriana, Tommaso I (1177 – 1233) e della moglie, Beatrice Margherita di Ginevra (1180 – 1257), che secondo la Chronica Albrici Monachi Trium Fontium era figlia di Guglielmo I di Ginevra e di Margherita Béatrice di Faucigny.Luigi IX il Santo, secondo il Chronicon Turonense, era il figlio primogenito del re di Francia Luigi VIII e della moglie Bianca di Castiglia.

Biografia
Margherita, nona di undici figli, apparteneva per nascita alla dinastia dei Capetingi; suo fratello maggiore era Filippo, che sarebbe succeduto al padre e invece fra i fratelli cadetti si ricorda Roberto di Clermont, mentre tra le sorelle si ricordano: Isabelle di Francia morì di malattia, poco meno che trentenne, pochi mesi dopo la morte del marito Tebaldo II di Navarra, Bianca di Francia che sposò Ferdinando de la Cerda e infine Agnès di Francia che sposò Roberto II di Borgogna e fu la madre di Jeanne di Borgogna che, come moglie di Filippo VI di Francia, divenne regina di Francia.

Nel 1257, secondo la Histoire généalogique des ducs de Bourgogne de la maison de France, Margherita venne fidanzata a Enrico, che, secondo la Genealogia Ducum Brabantiæ Heredum Franciæ era il figlio maschio primogenito del duca Duca di Lorena e del Brabante, Enrico III e della moglie Alice di Borgogna.Dopo la morte di Enrico III, nel titolo di duca del Brabante gli succedette, come Enrico IV, il fidanzato di Margherita, Enrico, di circa dieci anni, sotto tutela della madre, Alice di Borgogna.

Enrico IV, malaticcio e di scarsa intelligenza, ancora secondo la Histoire généalogique des ducs de Bourgogne de la maison de France, rinunciò dopo pochi anni al ducato, in favore del fratello minore Giovanni; secondo i Trophees tant sacres que profanes de la duché de Brabant ..., Volume 1 a tale rinuncia fu forzato dalla madre, Alice; Enrico prese quindi la decisione di farsi monaco, entrando monaco fra gli agostiniani dell'abbazia di San Benigno, a Digione; pronunciò i voti il 1º ottobre 1269. In questa occasione, la duchessa Alice, mantenne l'impegno di fidanzamento con la principessa Margherita, per il figlio secondogenito Giovanni.

Nel 1270, Margherita, secondo la Genealogia Ducum Brabantiæ Ampliata, sposò Giovanni I di Brabante, che, sempre secondo la Genealogia Ducum Brabantiæ Heredum Franciæ era il figlio maschio secondogenito del duca Duca di Lorena e del Brabante, Enrico III e di Alice di Borgogna. Si dice che Giovanni fosse un modello perfetto di cavalleria feudale, coraggioso, avventuroso, eccellente in ogni tipo di esercizio fisico, amante dell'esibizionismo e generoso di carattere. Nella letteratura e nella poesia medievale si trovano molti riferimenti su di lui e se era famoso per le proprie eccellenze era anche famoso per i molti figli illegittimi che generò.La Chronique anonyme des rois de France ci ricorda che Margherita non visse a lungo, infatti, attorno al 1270-1271, ella rimase incinta, ma morì nel 1271 nel dare alla luce il figlio che non le sopravvisse.Dopo essere rimasto vedovo, il marito, Giovanni I, sempre secondo la Genealogia Ducum Brabantiæ Ampliata, si risposò, in seconde nozze, nel 1273, con Margherita di Dampierre o delle Fiandre(1251-1285), che sia secondo il Iohannis de Thilrode Chronicon che secondo il Iohannis de Thielrode Genealogia Comitum Flandriæ era figlia del Conte di Fiandra e Marchese di Namur, Guido di Dampierre e di Matilde di Bethune.

Figli
Margherita a Giovanni diede un solo figlio:
 un bambino che visse poche ore.

Ascendenza

Note

Bibliografia
  Monumenta Germaniae Historica, Scriptores, tomus IX.
  Monumenta Germaniae Historica, Scriptores, tomus XXIII.
  Monumenta Germaniae Historica, Scriptores, tomus XXV.
  Monumenta Germaniae Historica, Scriptores, Tomus XXIV.
  Recueil des historiens des Gaules et de la France. Tome 18.
  Recueil des historiens des Gaules et de la France. Tome 21.
  Matthæi Parisiensis, Monachi Sancti Albani, Chronica Majorar, vol. III.
  Chronique des ducs de Brabant, Volume 2.
  Peter der Zweite Graf von Savoyen, Markgraf in Italien, sein Haus und seine Lande.

Letteratura storiografica
   Histoire généalogique des ducs de Bourgogne de la maison de France.
  Trophées tant sacrés que profanes du duché de Brabant.

Voci correlate
 Regno di Francia
 Sovrani di Francia
 Lotaringia
 Duchi di Brabante

Altri progetti

Collegamenti esterni

M
M


text:
Dytiscus mutinensis är en skalbaggsart som beskrevs av Branden 1885. Dytiscus mutinensis ingår i släktet Dytiscus och familjen dykare. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.

Källor

Externa länkar

Dykare
mutinensis


text:
The York–Beverley line was a railway line between York, Market Weighton and Beverley in Yorkshire, England. The line was sanctioned in 1846 and the first part, the York to Market Weighton Line opened in 1847. Construction of the second part to Beverley was delayed for 17 years in part by the downfall of George Hudson, and a less favourable financial environment following the collapse of the 1840s railway bubble; the North Eastern Railway revived and completed the scheme in the 1860s; the Market Weighton to Beverley Line opened in 1865.

The line left the York and Scarborough Railway at a junction north of York and turned eastward, crossing the largely flat terrain of the Vale of York via Stamford Bridge, Pocklington and Market Weighton before making its way over hillier ground via a gap in the Yorkshire Wolds, between Market Weighton and Goodmanham; the line then ran steadily downhill to the River Hull valley past Cherry Burton to a junction with the Hull to Scarborough Line at Beverley.

Market Weighton became the junction of two other railways, the Selby to Market Weighton line, sanctioned at the same time as the original York-Beverley scheme, and opened in 1848; and the Scarborough, Bridlington and West Riding Junction Railway (Market Weighton to Driffield), opened in 1890.

The line once was a preferred route for trains running directly between the English cities of York and Kingston upon Hull. Before closure the route Hull–Beverley–Market Weighton–York had daily direct trains and was often referred to as the Hull to York line.

The line was recommended for closure in the 1963 Beeching report and closed in November 1965.

History

Background
By the mid 1840s lines had been constructed from Leeds to Selby (Leeds and Selby Railway, 1834), Selby to Hull (Hull and Selby Railway, 1840) and from Hull to Beverley and Bridlington (Hull and Selby Railway, Bridlington branch, 1846), all of which were owned or leased by George Hudson's York and North Midland Railway.

In early 1845 the Hull and Selby Railway had authorised surveys for a line from its Bridlington branch via Market Weighton and Pocklington to York connection with a junction on either the Great North of England Railway or the York and North Midland Railway, as well as another branch to Market Weighton from its main line. On 17 May 1845 after being approached by interested parties from Beverley,  the York and Midland shareholders agreed to proceed with surveys for the line and its branch. A rival scheme, promoted by the York, Hull and East and West Yorkshire Junction Railway running from a related proposed scheme at York, the Leeds and York Railway spurred the Y&NMR to the promotion of an act in 1845 for the Beverley–Market Weighton–York line, as well as other railways in East Yorkshire. An act, the York and North Midland Railway (East Riding Branches) [No.1] Act was obtained in 1846.

George Hudson also acquired the Londesborough Hall estate for £474,000 in an attempt to prevent landowners on the line causing problems for the railway.

As part of the agreements needed to obtain the passage of the East Riding branches acts through Parliament the Y&NMR had to make agreements buy out the proprietors of the  Pocklington Canal, Market Weighton Canal, its branch Sir Edward Vavasour's Canal and the Leven Canal.  The Y&NMR began proceedings to obtain an act to that effect in 1846, which was passed as the "York and North Midland Railway (Canals Purchase) Act" in 1847. The Leven canal was to be acquired in case of the Y&NMR constructing a Hornsea branch, the others were necessary for the lines to Market Weighton, and were bought at £18,000; £14,404 5s 10d; and £836 15s (1/15 of the price of its parent) respectively.

York to Market Weighton (1846–1865)

Construction of the line was contracted to Jackson and Bean for £116,009; Buildings on the line were designed by G.T. Andrews and constructed by Burton and Son.  Lesser stations generally consisted of two platforms, either parallel or staggered at a road crossing, with a two storey station houses, with a bay window overlooking the platform, the larger ones had a stone pillared portico at one of the entrances. The main stations (Pocklington and Market Weighton) had two platforms under an overall hipped roof trainshed, with single storey station buildings adjacent and parallel to the shed, with the entrance distinguished again by a stone pillared portico, or at Pocklington, by an arched arcade. Market Weighton had a two road engine shed, with turntable. Other buildings included goods sheds, coal drops, and gatehouses/platelayers cottages which were typically single storey buildings with distinctive double chimneys with arched brick saddles connecting the stack. George Hudson had a private station for Londesborough Hall.

The only bridge of note on the section was the Stamford Bridge Viaduct crossing the River Derwent. The viaduct consisted of  span semicircular brick approach arches, 10 on the southeast side, and 5 on the northwest side, with a  cast iron span over the river. The iron work was erected by Gilkes Wilson and Company to a design by J.C. Birkinshaw; it consisted of six cast iron spandrel arched ribs, each made of five sections bolted together; with the ribs cross braced by spandrils; the weight of the iron work bridge was over .

The line was completed on 4 October 1847. The line was constructed as double track,  long, at a total cost of £380,000, with gradients were generally light with maximum of 1 in 171 and 1 in 191, most of the line was built with gradient of 1:200 to 1:300 or better; there were peaks of  elevation near Holtby and Pocklington.

The Selby to Market Weighton line opened on 1 August 1848 with a junction on the line west of Market Weighton station. Three trains per day ran each way on the York to Market Weighton Line (1847), and the same number on the contemporary line to Driffield; coaches operated from Market Weighton to Beverley.

In 1848-49 costs per year for the line were estimated at:  sleepers and rails, £1,481 and £522; maintenance wages £881 8s (22 employees); signalling, goods and coaching department wages, (30 employees), £1,200 12s; and a very rough estimate of £70 per mile for works and building maintenance.

Total working charges on the line, including maintenance, wages, depreciation, insurance, rents, train running costs, sundries and administration was £7,808. Receipts in the first 12 months after opening were £971 (coaching), £1,335 (freight), plus rents to a total of £2,336. the total train miles in the first half of 1849 was 22,793 and 6,949 for passenger and goods trains respectively.

In 1855 the basic service was still three trains per day with the stopping service taking 75 minutes. Yapham Gate was a scheduled stop on Market days.

Extension to Beverley

The compulsory purchase powers of the 1846 act were to expire after three years, with the powers to construct a railway expiring after five; in 1849 the Y&NMR applied for, and obtained a second act, authorising the abandonment and replacement of  the authorised section of the line from Market Weighton to Cherry Burton with a deviation between the same points. The act also extended the original 1846 act's duration of compulsory purchase and construction by two and five years respectively.

As a result of the York and North Midland Railway's inquiry into George Hudson's fraud the company found itself needing to reduce expenditure; and construction of the Market Weighton to Beverley section was postponed. In 1851 two landowners brought a case against the Y&NMR, attempting to compel them to construct the Market Weighton to Cherry Burton Section; the court (Queen's Bench) found in the plaintiffs' favour, but the decision was rejected  as erroneous on appeal to the Court of Exchequer Chamber; the court ruled that the act of 1849 used permissive (and not imperative) terms and so the company was not compelled to complete the line.

In 1862 the Y&NMR's successor the North Eastern Railway applied to renew the powers to build the line to Beverley, local interests raised £40,000 towards the cost of the line through the purchase of NER stock. An act, the North Eastern Railway (Beverley Branch), was obtained in 1862.

The line ran roughly east-northeast out of Market Weighton, turning eastward towards Goodmanham; here the ground was boggy and prone to springs; the line ran on the bed of a diverted stream; there was a skew bridge east of Goodmanham, followed by a climb into the Yorkshire Wolds towards Kiplingcotes, a third of which was at a gradient of 1 in 160, with a peak east of Kiplingcotes at . Beyond the peak of the wolds the line ran east to Cherry Burton, then roughly southeast to Beverley; from the peak to Beverley the route was downhill, with gradients between 1:161 and 1:185. Most of the roads were crossed by bridge or underpassed, with the exception of Pighill crossing outside Beverley.

The  branch was opened on 1 May 1865; the line was built as a single track line, with a double track section at Kiplingcotes.

Operations (1865–1965)

After the opening of the Beverley section in 1865 trains could run through from York to Hull; by 1870 the standard service had also increased to four trains per day; additionally an express train running from Hull and connecting at York for the express to Scotland had to be run, stopping only at the main stations: Beverley, Market Weighton, Pocklington and Stamford Bridge.

In 1890 the Scarborough, Bridlington and West Riding Junction Railway from Market Weighton to Driffield opened, with a junction on the line to Beverley just east of Market Weighton station, at East junction.

By 1895 the service had increased to six trains per day each way, of which all but one were stopping services; by 1910 the service had reached eight trains each way. During the First World War service were reduced, recovering to pre-war levels in the 1920s; through trains also began to run from Hull to Newcastle using the line. In the 1930s a Sunday train began to run on the line, an excursion service from York to the coast at Bridlington.  The level-crossing on the busy York to Scarborough trust road (later A64) was grade separated in the 1930s.

Holtby station closed for passengers in September 1939. Service were reduced again during the Second World War and recovered post war. Nunburnholme station closed to passengers, goods service to Holtby ended in 1951, whilst the station roof at Market Weighton had been removed and replaced with steel awnings in around 1948.

Diesel multiple units were introduced on the line in 1957. Warthill, Fangfoss and Cherry Burton railway stations were closed  to passengers in 1959.

At the beginning of the 1960s nine trains per day ran each way, including expresses.

Modernisation and closure (1955–65)
In the around 1955 British Railways started investigating the use of boom barriers as a replacement for traditional gates, and an experimental installation was made at the level-crossing at Warthill, controlled from a nearby signal box.

In 1960 British Rail began work on converting the line to a Centralised Traffic Control (CTC) system, involving singling the line, with passing loops at Pocklington and Market Weighton; modernisation of level crossings; colour light signalling installed; and removal of signal control to a single signal box at Bootham junction, York.

The CTC was halted with the publication of the Beeching Report of 1963, which recommended that the passenger service on the line ("York-Hull via Beverley") cease, with all stations to be closed. The line was one of the case studies given in the report; which calculated expenses of £107,500 on an income of £90,400, and estimated that additional savings would be obtained after closure, with over a quarter of the revenue retained by re-routing of through (Hull-York) services.

Goods service ended at Kiplingcoates and Cherry Burton in 1964, and at Londesborough, Earswick, Stamford Bridge and Fangfoss in 1965. Goods services at Pocklington were still actively used and BR North-Eastern proposed schemes to retain the section of the line from Beverley, or from Market Weighton via the Selby to Market Weighton line. The change of government to Labour after the 1964 general election failed to halt the closure, despite some expectations that the closures would be halted and services on the line were withdrawn in November 1965. The last train ran on 27 November 1965.

Stations and landmarks

The completed route left the Y&NMR's York to Scarborough Line at Bootham Junction north of York and at the other end joined its Hull to Bridlington Line at a junction north of Beverley. Market Weighton station became the location of the junction between the York to Beverley Line and the Selby to Market Weighton line (1848), and the Market Weighton to Driffield line (Scarborough, Bridlington and West Riding Junction Railway, SB&WRJR). The entire route had been double-tracked by 1890 with the opening SB&WRJR.

Of the 13 intermediate stations between York and Beverley, only six (Earswick, Stamford Bridge, Pocklington, Londesborough, Market Weighton and Kiplingcotes) were still open when the line closed in 1965.

Post closure

As of 2015, much of the former trackbed is still extant, with exceptions within the towns of Pocklington, Stamford Bridge and the York urban area where building development has taken place. The heavier engineering works east of Market Weighton are more visible, whilst west in the Vale of York parts of the line are no longer evidenced on the ground, more than half of the route is discernible as earthworks or field boundaries. The route between Beverley and Market Weighton has been converted into a cycleway, Hudson Way (also known as Wilberforce Way).

Many of the line's structures are still extant; exceptions include the station buildings at Market Weighton demolished in 1979, as well as Earswick station, also demolished.

At Stamford Bridge the station house and platforms survive, as does the goods shed.  The listed iron bridge and viaduct over the River Derwent at Stamford Bridge was proposed for demolition by the East Riding of Yorkshire Council in the early 1990s, but the decision was reversed in 1992.

At Pocklington the station, station master's house, and station goods shed are all still extant, and listed structures. Several other station buildings survive including Fangfoss, Warthill, Holtby,  Nunburnholme, Londesborough, Cherry Burton, and Kiplingcotes.

Two of the former gate keepers cottages are now Grade II listed buildings, Market Weighton and Barmby Moor.

Re-opening proposals

A group, the Minsters' Rail Campaign, was established in 2001 to promote the re-opening of the line.

In 2004 the East Riding of Yorkshire Council commissioned a report from Carl Bro Group to investigate the feasibility of re-opening the line. Because of redevelopment, alterations to the former route were considered – developments in York (housing in Huntington and New Earswick) required the connection to the York to Scarborough Line to be moved north; an alternative route via the former Derwent Valley Light Railway and the Foss Islands branch into the centre of York was also considered. Building development had also taken place on the track bed in Pocklington, Stamford Bridge; with alternative alignments proposed, going around the outskirts of the towns. A new alignment of the track out of Beverley was also proposed to the close proximity of properties, traffic levels at level crossings and other developments.

The study found benefits to opening the line for passenger traffic, both for commuter and leisure traffic, but found no practical uses of the line for freight. The report recommended reinstating a service from Hull via Beverley, Market Weighton, Stamford Bridge and Pocklington connecting to the York to Scarborough Line at Haxby, on a double track line with a frequency of 2 trains per hour, with intermediate stations only at Market Weighton, Pocklington and Stamford Bridge. The estimate journey time was under 1 hour. Capital costs of the scheme were estimated at £239 million, with operating costs at £2.9 million pa; additional direct revenue from a bi-hourly service was estimated £0.257 million per annum; the scheme was not expected to be profitable and would require a subsidy from government.

The 2011 East Riding of Yorkshire Council (ERYC) transport plan identified the re-opening of the line as a long-term goal, and safeguarded the route from development. In 2013 ERYC published a draft local plan which allowed building on the line, and excluded re-instatement of the rail line from its schemes as it had concluded that the scheme would not be realistically deliverable within the plan's 20 year timeframe.

Following the Government's plans to reinstate lines closed in the 1960s which was announced in November 2017, it has been proposed that the line could reopen as a result. In January 2019, Campaign for Better Transport released a report identifying the line which was listed as Priority 2 for reopening. Priority 2 is for those lines which require further development or a change in circumstances (such as housing developments). In June 2020, the East Riding of Yorkshire Council submitted a request for funding to cover a feasibility study which would investigate reopening the line.

Notes

References

Sources

External links

Closed railway lines in Yorkshire and the Humber
Rail transport in the East Riding of Yorkshire
Rail transport in North Yorkshire
Railway lines opened in 1865


text:
Kustsvala (Hirundo tahitica) är en tätting i familjen svalor med mycket vid utbredning i östra och sydöstra Asiens kustområden och vidare österut ända till Tahiti.

Kännetecken

Utseende
Kustsvalan är en 13 cm lång svala med stålblå ovansida, sotgrå undersida och rost- eller kastanjebrunt på haka, strupe och panna. Hos nominatformen tahitica i Sällskapsöarna (eller egna arten, se nedan) är det rödbruna mindre utbrett, undersidan nästan svart och stjärten påtagligt längre, men både näbb och vingar mycket kortare.

Den är lik både ladusvalan och australiska välkomstsvalan, men undersidan är mörkare, de förlängda yttre stjärtpennorna mycket kortare och den saknar det svarta bandet mellan strupe och bröst. Mycket närbesläktade tamilsvalan är mindre med längre stjärt och istället grönglansig ovan.

Läten
Lätet beskrivs som ett är tunt och stressat "tswee" eller ett drillande "prr-up" som ofta upprepas till ett kvitter.

Utbredning och systematik
Kustsvalan delas idag normalt in i åtta underarter med följande utbredning:
 Hirundo tahitica javanica – förekommer från Andamanöarna och Myanmar till Indokina, Sundaöarna, Wallacea, Filippinerna
 Hirundo tahitica namiyei – förekommer på Ryukyuöarna och Taiwan
 Hirundo tahitica frontalis – förekommer på norra och västra Nya Guinea
 Hirundo tahitica albescens – förekommer på södra och östra Nya Guinea
 Hirundo tahitica ambiens - förekommer på Niu Briten (Bismarcköarna)
 Hirundo tahitica subfusca – förekommer i  Nya Irland, Salomonöarna, Nya Kaledonien, Vanuatu, Fiji och Tonga
 Hirundo tahitica tahitica – förekommer i Sällskapsöarna (Moorea och Tahiti)

Tidigare inkluderades även den sydindiska tamilsvalan (H. domicola) i arten. Birdlife International och internationella naturvårdsunionen IUCN gör en annan uppdelning där alla underarter utom nominatformen tahitica tillsammans med tamilsvala urskiljs som den egna arten Hirundo javanica. Förr behandlades även kustsvala och välkomstsvala som en och samma art.

Levnadssätt
Kustsvalan återfinns som namnet avslöjar oftast i kusttrakter, men rör sig allt mer inåt landet, framför allt till skogklädda låga bergstrakter. Den hittas i både öppna och beskogade områden, framför allt nära vatten, och ofta nära bebyggelse. Som andra svalor lever den av flygande insekter, i Malaysia 60% steklar (flygmyror och midjesteklar), men även flugor, termiter och skalbaggar. Fågeln häckar i kolonier utmed klippstup, i grottor samt på byggnader och broar.

Status och hot
IUCN bedömer hotstatus för å ena sidan nominatformen tahitica, å andra sidan javanica inklusive tamilsvalan var för sig, båda som livskraftiga.

Noter

Externa länkar

 Läten på xeno-canto.org

Svalor
Fåglar i oceaniska regionen
Fåglar i australiska regionen
Fåglar i orientaliska regionen
Fåglar i palearktiska regionen


text:
"Crucișătorul" (titlu original: "Dreadnought") este al 17-lea episod din al doilea sezon al serialului TV american SF Star Trek: Voyager. A avut premiera la 12 februarie 1996 pe canalul UPN.

Prezentare
O rachetă balistică Cardassiană cu inteligență artificială extrem de avansată, care a fost reprogramată de către B'Elanna Torres, este găsită în Cuadrantul Delta.

Rezumat

Actori ocazionali
 Raphael Sbarge - Michael Jonas
 Nancy Hower - Ensign Samantha Wildman
 Michael Spound - Lorum
 Dan Kern - Kellum

Note

Legături externe

Episoade din Star Trek: Voyager
Episoade de televiziune din 1996
Inteligența artificială în ficțiune


text:
Il dr. Slump ed Arale / Pat la ragazza del baseball è un singolo dei gruppi Rocking Horse e Le Mele Verdi, pubblicato nel 1983.

Lato A

Il dr. Slump ed Arale è un brano musicale inciso dai Rocking Horse come sigla dell'anime Il dr. Slump e Arale. La canzone è stata scritta da Mike Fraiser, Douglas Meakin e Lucio Macchiarella e arrangiata Dave Sumner (chitarre), Mike Fraser (piano), Mick Brill (basso) e Marvin Johnson (batteria). Il provino originale era stato realizzato per l'anime L'isola del tesoro ma venne scartata e riadattata in seguito nel testo .

Lato B

Pat, la ragazza del baseball è un brano musicale inciso dal gruppo Le Mele Verdi come sigla dell'anime omonimo. Il brano è stato scritto da Loriana Lana, su musica di Claudio Maioli e arrangiamenti di Silvano D'Auria. La voce principale è di Alessandra Maldifassi.

Note

I 45 giri italiani dei cartoni animati su Siglandia


text:
Isabel de Lima Mayer Alves Moreira (1976) es una jurista y política portuguesa. Diputada en la Asamblea de la República desde 2011, integrada dentro del grupo parlamentario del Partido Socialista (PS), se ha distinguido por su reivindicación de los derechos LGBT, así como por su condición de voz crítica en el debate público del PS.

Biografía
Nacida el 2 de abril de 1976 en Río de Janeiro en el seno de una familia acomodada con 5 hermanos, es hija del ministro salazarista Adriano Moreira, entonces en el exilio brasileño tras la Revolución de los Claveles.

Llegó a Portugal a los dos años de edad, y estudió en el lisboeta colegio Mira Rio, vinculado al Opus Dei, circunstancia que terminó alejándola de la religión. Cursó estudios universitarios en la Facultad de Derecho de la Universidad de Lisboa, especializándose en derecho constitucional.

Moreira, que trabajó como asesora jurídica del ministro de Asuntos Extranjeros Luís Amado, fue elegida diputada en la Asamblea de la República en las elecciones legislativas de 2011 dentro de las listas del Partido Socialista (aunque entonces no era militante). En su primera legislatura en el parlamento portugués rompió la disciplina de partido en la votación de la reforma del Código Laboral. Se afilió al partido hacia 2013. Ha reivindicado con ahínco los derechos LGBT, como el matrimonio entre personas del mismo sexo, el derecho a la adopción por parte de parejas homosexuales, o la aprobación de la Ley de Identidad de Género de 2011, que reconoce diferentes derechos a las personas transexuales. Renovó su escaño de diputada en las elecciones de 2015 y 2019.

Obras

Notas

Referencias

Diputados de la XII Legislatura de la Asamblea de la República
Diputados de la XIII Legislatura de la Asamblea de la República
Diputados de la XIV Legislatura de la Asamblea de la República
Diputados en la Asamblea de la República por Lisboa
Socialistas de Portugal


text:
Forelophilus overbecki är en myrart som beskrevs av Heinrich Kutter 1931. Forelophilus overbecki ingår i släktet Forelophilus och familjen myror. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.

Bildgalleri

Källor

Externa länkar

Myror
overbecki


text:
Antoni Szczepański (zm. po 1870 w Sząbruku koło Olsztyna) – polski działacz kulturalny na Warmii, założyciel biblioteki ludowej, rolnik.

Życiorys
W 1846 zawarł związek małżeński z Elżbietą z Buynów, I voto Samulowską, wdową po Józefie Samulowskim; został wówczas gospodarzem w Sząbruku w powiecie olsztyńskim, a rodzinnie – ojczymem Andrzeja Samulowskiego, późniejszego księgarza, poety warmińskiego, działacza oświatowego. W lipcu 1863 Antoni Szczepański w imieniu chłopów warmińskich ogłosił na łamach pisma "Przyjaciel Ludu" list do Ignacego Łyskowskiego z prośbą o przesyłanie na Warmię polskich książek rolniczych. Zgromadzony w ten sposób księgozbiór stanowił pierwszą polską bibliotekę ludową na Warmii.

Bibliografia
 Tadeusz Oracki, Słownik biograficzny Warmii, Mazur i Powiśla XIX i XX wieku (do 1945 roku), Instytut Wydawniczy Pax, Warszawa 1983

Polscy działacze kulturalni
Polscy rolnicy
Warmiacy
Zmarli w XIX wieku


text:
The 1st Guides Regiment (, ) was an armoured regiment of the Belgian Army. Previously amalgamated with the 1st Regiment Chasseurs à cheval (2004), in 2011 the regiment was amalgamated with 2/4 Regiment of Chasseurs à cheval to form the "Intelligence, Surveillance, Target Acquisition, Reconnaissance (ISTAR) battalion of the Chasseurs à cheval".

Cavalry regiment
The two historic Guides regiments of the Belgian Army were created respectively in 1833 and 1874. They formed part of the light cavalry and came to correspond to the Guard cavalry of other nations, providing mounted escorts for the monarchy prior to World War I. Both regiments were mechanized in October 1937, subsequently forming armored battalions in the post-war Belgian Army. The mounted tradition survived until 2011 in the form of a pony retained as the regimental mascot, and always named "Colback".

Amalgamations
The modern regiment was formed in 1994 by the amalgamation of the (Francophone) 1er Régiment des Guides and the (Dutch-speaking) 2de Regiment Gidsen, following a reorganization of the army. The amalgamation saw both regiments withdrawn as operational units, with the name of the new unit, together with the combined battle honours of its antecedents, assigned to the Cavalry Training School (L'école de cavalerie/Pantsercavalerieschool).  In addition to this role, the regiment had a reserve role as an armoured regiment, attached to the 17th Mechanised Brigade, which was Belgium's main force stationed in Germany.  This role ended in 2002.

The following year, the regiment was reduced to a single squadron and reactivated as an operational unit. The Eskadron Gidsen was formed as a reconnaissance unit to be attached to the army's Para-Commando Brigade, replacing 3 Regiment Lanciers-Parachutisten.  In 2004, the squadron was merged with the 1st Regiment Jagers the Paard, under the combined regimental title of 1ste Regiment Jagers te Paard/Gidsen.

In 2011 the regiment was again amalgamated with 2/4 Regiment to form the Intelligence, Surveillance, Target Acquisition, Reconnaissance' (ISTAR) battalion of the Chasseurs à cheval".

Battle Honours
 Halen/Haelen, Charge of Burkel, Antwerpen/Anvers, Maldegem, Gete/Gette, Winterbeek, Zelzate, Campagne 1914–1918

Uniform
The two Guides regiments of the Belgian Army wore distinctive uniforms, comprising a plumed busby, green dolman braided in yellow, and crimson breeches, until the early stages of World War I. A modernized green and crimson uniform was introduced for officers' ceremonial dress in the 1930s and is still worn today for the marching and concert attire of the Guides Band.

 Regimental Band

The Royal Band of the Belgian Guides (Groot Harmonieorkest van de Belgische Gidsen'') is an internationally acclaimed premier symphonic band and was formerly the official ceremonial band of the Belgian Guides. The ensemble is composed of 84 musicians, and a trumpet and bugle platoon of 19 players. It still serves as the official military band of the Belgian Land Component, although the regiment of which it formed a part has been disbanded.

By order of King Leopold I of Belgium, the band was formed in 1832 as the Royal Band of the 1st Regiment.  The King commissioned Jean-Valentin Bender (nl) (1801–1873) as its first conductor.  Under the title of "Musique Particulière du Roi," the band played at numerous royal occasions. During the period between the two World Wars, the Band of the Guides achieved an international reputation.

Directors

 1832–1873: Jean-Valentin Bender (nl) (1801–1873)
 1873–1892: Jean-Michel Frédéric Staps (1810–1898)
 1892–1901: Julien-Jean Simar (1852–1903)
 1901–1918: Léon Walpot (nl) (1852–1928)
 1918–1945: Arthur Prévost (nl) (1888–1967)
 1945–1946: René De Ceuninck (1893–1973)
 1946–1948: Franz Wangermée (nl) (1894–1967)
 1948–1957: Simon Poulain (nl) (1906–2004)
 1957–1961: Karel Torfs (nl) (1912–2002)
 1962–1985: Yvon Ducène (nl) (born 1928)
 1985–2003: Norbert Nozy (born 1952)
 2003–2007: François De Ridder (nl) (1951–2007)
 2007–2008: Dirk Acquet
 2008–present: Yves Segers (born 1978)

Notable People
 Wolfgang, the 3rd Duke d'Ursel, Prince of Arche and Charleville, Count of Grobbendonk (1882-1914), died in battle

Affiliations
  - Royal Dragoon Guards

External links
 Régiment Premier Guides

Regiments of Belgium
Military units and formations established in 1994
Military units and formations disestablished in 2011
Organisations based in Belgium with royal patronage


text:
Партиза́нская улица — название улиц в различных населённых пунктах государств бывшего СССР.

Россия
 Партизанская улица — улица в Абакане.
 Партизанская улица — улица в Архангельске.
 Партизанская улица — улица в Ачинске.
 Партизанская улица — улица в Барнауле.
 Партизанская улица — улица в Грозном.
 Партизанская улица — улица в Иркутске.
 Партизанская улица — улица в Казани.
 Партизанская улица — улица в Костроме.
 Партизанская улица — улица в Красноярске.
 Партизанская улица — улица в Липецке.
 Партизанская улица — улица в Луге.
 Партизанская улица — улица в Москве.
 Партизанская улица — улица в Новосибирске.
 Партизанская улица — улица в Омске.
 Партизанская улица — улица в Петрозаводске.
 Партизанская улица — улица в Подольске.
 Партизанская улица — улица в Самаре.
 Партизанская улица — улица в Санкт-Петербурге.
 Партизанская улица — улица в Смоленске.
 Партизанская улица — улица в Томске.

Украина
 Партизанская улица — улица в Днепре.
 Партизанская улица — улица в Донецке.
 Партизанская улица — улица в Евпатории.
 Партизанская улица — улица в Константиновке.
 В Луганске:
 Партизанская улица.
 2-я Партизанская улица.
 Партизанская улица — улица в Николаеве Николаевской области.
 Партизанская улица — улица в Симферополе.
 Партизанская улица — улица в Харькове.
 Партизанская улица — улица в Хмельницком.
 Партизанская улица — улица в Чернигове.

См. также
 Партизанский переулок
 Улица Красных Партизан
 Улица Сибирских Партизан
 Улица Партизана Германа


text:
Rio dos Índios is a municipality in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.  As of 2020, the estimated population was 2,660.

See also
List of municipalities in Rio Grande do Sul

References

Municipalities in Rio Grande do Sul


text:
В одиночному жіночому розряді тенісного турніру Canada Open 1989, який проходив в рамках Туру WTA 1989, Мартіна Навратілова здобула титул, у фіналі перемігши Аранчу Санчес Вікаріо 6-2, 6-2.

Сіяні гравчині

 Мартіна Навратілова (переможниця)
 Відсутня
 Кріс Еверт (2-ге коло)
 Аранча Санчес Вікаріо (фінал)
 Яна Новотна (чвертьфінал)
 Відсутня
 Гана Мандлікова (2-ге коло)
 Катаріна Ліндквіст-Раян (2-ге коло)

 Гелен Келесі (3-тє коло)
 Наталі Тозья (чвертьфінал)
 Барбара Паулюс (чвертьфінал)
 Міягі Нана (3-тє коло)
 Відсутня
 Відсутня
 Енн Мінтер (чвертьфінал)
 Лариса Нейланд (1-ше коло)

Основна сітка

Фінальна частина

Верхня половина

Секція 1

Секція 2

Нижня половина

Секція 3

Секція 4

Посилання

Canadian Open (теніс)


text:
Гунсунь:

 Гунсунь — китайская фамилия.
 Гунсунь Лун — древнекитайский философ.
 Гунсунь Цзань — военачальник поздней династии Хань в Китае.
 Гунсунь Чоу — один из учеников древнекитайского философа Мэн-цзы