text:
Catherine Hiegel (born 10 December 1946) is a French actress, comedian and director.

Personal life
Catherine Hiegel is the daughter of Pierre Hiegel, radio host, music critic, radio producer and artistic director of French houses of discs. She is also the niece of Pierre Bellemare.

Career
At ten, she played Cosette in a radio adaptation of Les Misérables, where her father played Jean Valjean. She sang in 1956 with André Claveau, Viens danser avec papa.

On the advice of her father, she stopped school to learn comedy. She took lessons with Raymond Girard and Jacques Charon, and began her career on stage to the Théâtre des Bouffes-Parisiens with Cactus Flower, alongside Jean Poiret and Sophie Desmarets. She joined the French National Academy of Dramatic Arts in the classes of Jean Marchat then Lise Delamare, and also attended classes of Jean-Laurent Cochet.

She joined the Comédie-Française in 1969. She worked with directors as varied as Philippe Adrien, Patrice Chéreau, Dario Fo, Jorge Lavelli, Jean-Paul Roussillon, in the classical and contemporary repertoire. She became Dean of the troupe after the death of Christine Fersen in 2008.

Catherine Hiegel is also a professor to the CNSAD for thirteen years.

She have won 2 Molière Award on 5 nominations.

Theater

Filmography

References

External links

Living people
French film actresses
French television actresses
1946 births
20th-century French actresses
21st-century French actresses
People from Montreuil, Seine-Saint-Denis
French National Academy of Dramatic Arts alumni


text:
Курт Мюллер ():
 Мюллер, Курт (1903—1944) — немецкий антифашист.
 Мюллер, Курт Карл Фридрих (1865—1933) — немецкий историк и писатель, редактор.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Vuelta a Aragón is a professional bicycle road race held in Spain in May of each year. The event was first run in 1939, and was not held between 2006 and 2017. The future of the race is uncertain; there had been plans to organise it again, but an effort to revive it in 2009 failed due to a lack of sufficient sponsorship to be held. It was not until May 2018 that another race was organized; it was added to the UCI road calendar as a 2.1 road race event on the Europe Tour.

Winners

References

UCI Europe Tour races
Recurring sporting events established in 1939
1939 establishments in Spain
Sport in Aragon
Cycle races in Spain


text:
Saint-Michel es una estación de la línea 4 del metro de París situada en el límite de los Distritos V y VI.

Ofrece conexiones con las líneas B y C de la red de cercanías a través de un pasillo que lleva hasta la estación de Saint-Michel - Notre-Dame.

Historia
La estación fue inaugurada el 9 de julio de 1910.

Debe su nombre al bulevar Saint-Michel y a la plaza Saint-Michel bajo la cual se sitúa.

Descripción
La estación, se compone de dos andenes curvados y estrechos de 110 metros longitud y de dos vías. Situada a gran profundidad, acceder a ella requiere bajar unas largas escaleras metálicas que dan a una pasarela que sobrevuela las vías y permite dirigirse a uno u otro andén. La bajada permite disfrutar de la estilizada bóveda de la estación de un tamaño muy superior al túnel por el que luego se pierden los trenes. Esto es debido a que la estación no fue construida como prolongación del túnel sino que fue hundida desde la superficie.

Está revestida completamente de los clásicos azulejos blancos biselados del metro parisino.

La iluminación es de estilo Motte y se realiza con lámparas resguardadas en estructuras rectangulares de color naranja que sobrevuelan la totalidad de los andenes no muy lejos de las vías.

La señalización por su parte usa la moderna tipografía Parisine donde el nombre de la estación aparece en letras blancas sobre un panel metálico de color azul. Por último los asientos, que también son de estilo Motte, combinan una larga y estrecha hilera de cemento revestida de azulejos naranja que sirve de banco improvisado con algunos asientos individualizados del mismo color que se sitúan sobre dicha estructura.

Accesos
La estación dispone de cuatro accesos. Uno de ellos, construido por Hector Guimard está catalogado como Monumento Histórico.

 Acceso 1: plaza Saint-Michel.
 Acceso 2: plaza Saint-Michel esquina con el bulevar Saint-Michel.
 Acceso 3: plaza Saint-Michel esquina con el muelle Saint-Michel.
 Acceso 4: plaza Saint-André des Arts.

Bibliografía

Enlaces externos

Saint Mi
Monumentos históricos de Francia
Estaciones de metro de Francia inauguradas en 1910


text:
Parafia Wniebowzięcia Najświętszej Maryi Panny w Kerczu – rzymskokatolicka parafia znajdująca się w diecezji odesko-symferopolskiej w dekanacie krymskim. Opiekę nad parafią sprawują księża diecezjalni. Msze święte sprawowane są również w języku polskim

Historia
Pierwszy murowany kościół katolicki w Kerczu zbudowany został w latach 1831-1840. Społeczność katolicką w mieście stanowili wtedy głównie włoscy żeglarze, ich rodziny oraz potomkowie włoskich kolonizatorów z XIV-XV w. W 1883 wzniesiono nowy kościół murowany, prawdopodobnie na miejscu poprzedniego. Został on znacjonalizowany po rewolucji październikowej służąc początkowo jako kinoteatr, a następnie jako sala gimnastyczna. Zrujnowany budynek został zwrócony wiernym w 1992.

Przypisy

Linki zewnętrzne
 Portal diecezji odesko-symferopolskiej
 Portal okręgu krymskiego

Kercz
Kercz
Religia w Kerczu


text:
1995 Голяма награда на Пасифика е 2-рото за Голямата награда на Пасифика и петнадесети кръг от сезон 1995 във Формула 1, провежда се на 22 октомври 1995 година на пистата Окаяма, Япония.

Квалификация

Състезание

Класиране след състезанието

 Генерално класиране при пилотите

 Генерално класиране при отборите

Източници

Голяма награда на Пасифика


text:
Регентский университет () — частный университет, расположенный в Вирджиния-Бич, штат Виргиния, США. Основан в 1978 году телепроповедником Пэтом Робертсоном при содействии Телекомпании CBN под названием Университет CBN (CBN University), в 1990 году университет получил современное название.

Занимается подготовкой «христианских руководителей», свою миссию университет формулирует как «трансформация общества через компетентное, высокопрофессиональное христианское лидерство». Обучение ведётся по направлениям: современные средства связи и искусство, бизнес, юриспруденция, богословие, образование, государственные отношения и общественное лидерство.

По данным университета, около 150 его выпускников перешли на работу в федеральное правительство после победы на президентских выборах в 2001 году Джорджа Буша, которого поддерживал Пэт Робертсон.

Ссылки
 Regent University official website
 Regent University School of Undergraduate Studies
 Regent University School of Law
 Regent University School of Divinity

Регентский университет
Христианство


text:
Hodoșa se poate referi la:

 Hodoșa, Mureș
 Hodoșa, Harghita

Vezi și
 Hodoș (dezambiguizare)


text:
Zaliv Kochak är en vik i Kazakstan. Den ligger i den västra delen av landet,  km sydväst om huvudstaden Astana.

Stäppklimat råder i trakten. Årsmedeltemperaturen i trakten är  °C. Den varmaste månaden är juli, då medeltemperaturen är  °C, och den kallaste är januari, med  °C. Genomsnittlig årsnederbörd är  millimeter. Den regnigaste månaden är april, med i genomsnitt  mm nederbörd, och den torraste är maj, med  mm nederbörd.

Källor

Bukter i Kazakstan


text:
Der Crannóg im Lough-Na-Crannagh bei Ballycastle im County Antrim in Nordirland ist einer der seltenen Crannógs, die auf natürlichen Inseln liegen und mit noch etwa 0,9–1,2 m hohen Mauern umgeben sind. Ein weiteres Beispiel dieser Art ist Doon Fort im Lough Doon im County Donegal.

Der Lough-na-Crannagh (, "See des Crannógs") ist ein kleiner See in einer Mulde am Fair Head an der Nordküste von Antrim. Er enthält den einzigen ummauerten Crannóg in Nordirland. Seine Form ist oval mit 25 bis 30 m Durchmesser. Sein bemerkenswert guter Zustand kann das Ergebnis seiner abseitigen Lage sein, aber es ist wahrscheinlicher, dass er bis in sehr späte Zeit benutzt und mehrfach rekonstruiert wurde. Auf der Nordseite bilden zwei Reihen von Felsblöcken unter der Wasserlinie einen kleinen Hafen. Die 1886 gemachte Ausgrabung durch McHenry erbrachte nur Feuerstein und Tierknochen.

Mehrere hundert (geschätzt werden 3000) Crannógs sind aus Irland, von den Hebriden, von Orkney, den Shetlandinseln und vom schottischen Festland bekannt. Ein Exemplar, der Llan-Gors Crannóg, wurde 1868 in Wales im Llangorse Lake gefunden. Obwohl einige in der Bronzezeit entstanden, scheinen die meisten aus dem frühen Mittelalter zu stammen und zum Teil darüber hinaus genutzt worden zu sein.

Etwa 200 Meter entfernt in Coolanlough liegt die Ruine eines Wedge Tombs. Etwa 500 Meter südlich liegt das Passage Tomb von Cross. Etwa 950 Meter südöstlich des Crannóg liegen die Reste des Court Tomb von Cloghafadd.

Siehe auch
 Crannóg von Ballinderry Nr. 1

Literatur
 E. P. Kelly: Observations on Irish lake-dwellings. In: C. Karkov und R. Farrell (Hrsg.): Studies in insuLar art and archaeology. 1991 S. 81–98. American Early Medieval Studies 1. Cornell
 A. O'Sullivan: Crannogs, Lake-dwellings of early Ireland. Country House, Dublin 2000, ISBN 1-86059-091-8

Weblinks
 Beschreibung engl.

Lough-Na-Crannagh
Lough-Na-Crannagh
County Antrim
Lough-Na-Crannagh


text:
Sowa (niem. Euldörfel) – przysiółek wsi Sokolec w Polsce, położony w województwie dolnośląskim, w powiecie kłodzkim, w gminie Nowa Ruda, w Sudetach Środkowych na południowym zboczu Wielkiej Sowy, nad górnym biegiem Sowiego Potoku, na wysokości do około 890 m n.p.m..

W latach 1975–1998 przysiółek administracyjnie należał do województwa wałbrzyskiego.

Zabytki
Na terenie Sowy znajduje się zespół dawnych gospód i schronisk wzniesionych na początku XX wieku: ("Marysieńka", "Zosieńka" i "Lucynka"). Są to budynki murowano-drewniane, o architekturze typowych schronisk sudeckich.

Szlaki turystyczne
Przez Sowę prowadzą dwa znakowane szlaki turystyczne:
  Główny Szlak Sudecki z Przełęczy Sokolej na Wielką Sowę,
  ze Świerków na Wielką Sowę.

Zobacz też
 Sowy

Przypisy

Bibliografia
 Słownik geografii turystycznej Sudetów. Marek Staffa (redakcja). T. 11: Góry Sowie, Wzgórza Włodzickie. Wrocław: Wyd: I-Bis 1995, .

Sokolec


text:
Shakra is a Swiss hard rock band founded in the late 1990s.

History
With their first releases Shakra (1997), and Moving Force (1999), and by touring with Great White and Uriah Heep, the early career of this Swiss band was a steep learning curve with dramatic success but the real breakthrough came with their third record Power Ride (2001) when singer Pete Wiedmer was forced to leave the band because of ill health, replaced by Mark Fox. Fox immediately put his stamp on the following album Rising (2003), which saw Shakra hit the German and Swiss album charts. The band played several concerts and festivals, one of which was the prestigious "Bang Your Head" event.
The controversial video clip for the song "Chains Of Temptation" showed singer Fox giving himself a heroin injection.

After supporting Iron Maiden at the Swiss "Spirit Of Rock" festival, Shakra went on a 12-country tour with HammerFall and Stratovarius.
The band played a significant show in Zurich with Guns N' Roses in 2006.

Shortly after the Everest album was released, Mark Fox left the band and was replaced by John Prakesh on vocals.

The band released "Back On Track" in February 2011 and "Powerplay" in January 2013.

On April 23, 2014, John Prakesh announced he was leaving Shakra.

In October 2015, Mark Fox joined Shakra again. A new single, "Hello", was released.

Discography

Studio albums
 Shakra (1998)
 Moving Force (1999)
 Power Ride (2001)
 Rising (2003)
 Fall (2005)
 Infected (2007)
 Everest (2009)
 Back on Track (2011)
 Powerplay (2013)
 High Noon (2016)
 Snakes & Ladders (2017)
 Mad World (2020)

Live albums
 The Live Side (2000)
 My Life My World (2004)

Compilation albums
 Life Tales – The Ballads (2017)

External links

 Official Homepage
 Official Facebook account
 Shakra Myspace Page

Swiss heavy metal musical groups


text:
The G20 or Group of 20 is an intergovernmental forum comprising 19 countries and the European Union (EU). It works to address major issues related to the global economy, such as international financial stability, climate change mitigation, and sustainable development.

The G20 is composed of most of the world's largest economies, including both industrialised and developing nations; it accounts for around 80% of gross world product (GWP), 75% of international trade, two-thirds of the global population, and 60% of the world's land area.

The G20 was founded in 1999 in response to several world economic crises. Since 2008, it has convened at least once a year, with summits involving each member's head of government or state, finance minister, or foreign minister, and other high-ranking officials; the EU is represented by the European Commission and the European Central Bank. Other countries, international organizations, and nongovernmental organizations are invited to attend the summits, some on a permanent basis.

In its 2009 summit, the G20 declared itself the primary venue for international economic and financial cooperation. The group's stature has risen during the subsequent decade, and it is recognised by analysts as exercising considerable global influence; it is also criticised for its limited membership, lack of enforcement powers, and for the alleged undermining of existing international institutions. Summits are often met with protests, particularly by anti-globalization groups.

History

Founding
The G20 is the latest in a series of post–World War II initiatives aimed at international coordination of economic policy, which include institutions such as the "Bretton Woods twins", the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank, and what is now the World Trade Organization.

The G20 was foreshadowed at the Cologne summit of the G7 in June 1999, and formally established at the G7 Finance Ministers' meeting on 26 September 1999 with an inaugural meeting on 15–16 December 1999 in Berlin. Canadian finance minister Paul Martin was chosen as the first chairman and German finance minister Hans Eichel hosted the inaugural meeting.

A 2004 report by Colin I. Bradford and Johannes F. Linn of the Brookings Institution asserted the group was founded primarily at the initiative of Eichel, the concurrent chair of the G7. However, Bradford later described then-Finance Minister of Canada (and future Prime Minister of Canada) Paul Martin as "the crucial architect of the formation of the G-20 at finance minister level", and as the one who later "proposed that the G-20 countries move to leaders level summits". Canadian academic and journalistic sources have also identified the G20 as a project initiated by Martin and his American counterpart then-Treasury Secretary Larry Summers. All acknowledge, however, that Germany and the United States played a key role in bringing their vision into reality.

Martin and Summers conceived of the G20 in response to the series of massive debt crises that had spread across emerging markets in the late 1990s, beginning with the Mexican peso crisis and followed by the 1997 Asian financial crisis, the 1998 Russian financial crisis, and eventually impacting the United States, most prominently in the form of the collapse of the prominent hedge fund Long-Term Capital Management in the autumn of 1998. It illustrated to them that in a rapidly globalizing world, the G7, G8, and the Bretton Woods system would be unable to provide financial stability, and they conceived of a new, broader permanent group of major world economies that would give a voice and new responsibilities in providing it.

The G20 membership was decided by Eichel's deputy Caio Koch-Weser and Summers's deputy Timothy Geithner. According to the political economist Robert Wade:

Early topics
The G20's primary focus has been governance of the global economy. Summit themes have varied from year to year.
The theme of the 2006 G20 ministerial meeting was "Building and Sustaining Prosperity". The issues discussed included domestic reforms to achieve "sustained growth", global energy and resource commodity markets, reform of the World Bank and IMF, and the impact of demographic changes.

In 2007, South Africa hosted the secretariat with Trevor A. Manuel, South African Minister of Finance as chairperson of the G20.

In 2008, Guido Mantega, Brazil's Minister of Finance, was the G20 chairperson and proposed dialogue on competition in financial markets, clean energy, economic development and fiscal elements of growth and development.

On 11 October 2008 after a meeting of G7 finance ministers, US President George W. Bush stated that the next meeting of the G20 would be important in finding solutions to the burgeoning economic crisis of 2008.

Summits
The Summit of G20 Finance Ministers and Central Bank Governors, who prepare the leaders' summit and implement their decisions, was created as a response both to the financial crisis of 2007–2008 and to a growing recognition that key emerging countries were not adequately included in the core of global economic discussion and governance. Additionally, G20 summits of heads of state or government were held.

After the 2008 debut summit in Washington, DC, G20 leaders met twice a year: in London and Pittsburgh in 2009, and in Toronto and Seoul in 2010.

Since 2011, when France chaired and hosted the G20, the summits have been held only once a year. The 2016 summit was held in Hangzhou, China, the 2017 summit was held in Hamburg, Germany, the 2018 summit was held in Buenos Aires, Argentina, the 2019 summit was held in Osaka, Japan, the 2020 summit was scheduled in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia but it was held virtually due to Covid-19, the 2021 summit was held in Rome, Italy and the 2022 summit was held in Bali, Indonesia.

A number of other ministerial-level G20 meetings have been held since 2010. Agriculture ministerial meetings were conducted in 2011 and 2012; meetings of foreign ministers were held in 2012 and 2013; trade ministers met in 2012 and 2014, and employment ministerial meetings have taken place annually since 2010.

In 2012, the G20 Ministers of Tourism and Heads of Delegation of G20 member countries and other invited States, as well as representatives from the World Travel and Tourism Council (WTTC), World Tourism Organization (UNWTO) and other organisations in the Travel & Tourism sector met in Mérida, Mexico, on May 16 at the 4th G20 meeting and focused on 'Tourism as a means to Job Creation'. As a result of this meeting and The World Travel & Tourism Council's Visa Impact Research, later on the Leaders of the G20, convened in Los Cabos on 18–19 June, would recognise the impact of Travel & Tourism for the first time. That year, the G20 Leaders Declaration added the following statement: "We recognise the role of travel and tourism as a vehicle for job creation, economic growth and development, and, while recognizing the sovereign right of States to control the entry of foreign nationals, we will work towards developing travel facilitation initiatives in support of job creation, quality work, poverty reduction and global growth."

In March 2014, the former Australian foreign minister Julie Bishop, when Australia was hosting the 2014 G20 summit in Brisbane, proposed to ban Russia from the summit over its annexation of Ukrainian Crimea.
The BRICS foreign ministers subsequently reminded Bishop that "the custodianship of the G20 belongs to all Member States equally and no one Member State can unilaterally determine its nature and character."

In 2016, the G20 framed its commitment to the 2030 Agenda (Sustainable Development Goals) in three key themes; the promotion of strong sustainable and balanced growth; protection of the planet from degradation; and furthering co-operation with low-income and developing countries. At the G20 Summit in Hangzhou, members agreed on an action plan and issued a high level principles document to member countries to help facilitate the agenda's implementation.

Japan hosted the 2019 summit, The 2020 summit was to be held in Saudi Arabia, but was instead held virtually on 21–22 November 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic under the presidency of Saudi Arabia. 2021 G20 Rome summit which was held in Rome, the capital city of Italy, on 30–31 October 2021.

Indonesia held the G20 presidency from 1 December 2021 to 30 November 2022. During its presidency, Indonesia has focused on the global COVID-19 pandemic and how to collectively overcome the challenges related to it. The three priorities of Indonesia's G20 presidency: global health architecture, digital transformations, sustainable energy transitions.
India holds the G20 presidency from 1st December 2022, with the presidency theme of 'Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam' - 'One Earth One Family One Future'.

List of summits

Chair rotation
To decide which member nation gets to chair the G20 leaders' meeting for a given year, all members, except the European Union, are assigned to one of five different groupings, with all but one group having four members, the other having three. Nations from the same region are placed in the same group, except Group 1 and Group 2. All countries within a group are eligible to take over the G20 Presidency when it is their group's turn. Therefore,the states within the relevant group need to negotiate among themselves to select the next G20 President. Each year, a different G20 member country assumes the presidency starting from 1 December until 30 November. This system has been in place since 2010, when South Korea, which is in Group 5, held the G20 chair. The table below lists the nations' groupings:

To ensure continuity, the presidency is supported by a "troika" made up of the current, immediate past and next host countries.

Organization
The G20 operates without a permanent secretariat or staff. The group's chair rotates annually among the members and is selected from a different regional grouping of countries. The incumbent chair establishes a temporary secretariat for the duration of its term, which coordinates the group's work and organizes its meetings. The 2021 summit was held in Italy. The 2022 summit is held in Bali, Indonesia. The current chair is held by India. The 2023 and 2024 summits will be hosted by India and Brazil respectively.

Proposed permanent secretariat
In 2010, President of France Nicolas Sarkozy proposed the establishment of a permanent G20 secretariat, similar to the United Nations. Seoul and Paris were suggested as possible locations for its headquarters. Brazil and China supported the establishment of a secretariat, while Italy and Japan expressed opposition to the proposal. South Korea proposed a "cyber secretariat" as an alternative. It has been argued that the G20 has been using the OECD as a secretariat.

Members
, there are 20 members in the group: Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, France, Germany, India, Indonesia, Italy, South Korea, Japan, Mexico, Russia, Saudi Arabia, South Africa, Turkey, the United Kingdom, the United States, and the European Union. Guest invitees include, amongst others, Spain, the United Nations, the World Bank, the African Union and ASEAN.

Representatives include, at the leaders' summits, the leaders of nineteen countries and of the European Union, and, at the ministerial-level meetings, the finance ministers and central bank governors of nineteen countries and of the European Union.

In addition, each year, the G20's guests include Spain; the Chair of ASEAN; two African countries (the chair of the African Union and a representative of the New Partnership for Africa's Development (NEPAD) and a country (sometimes more than one) invited by the presidency, usually from its own region.

The first of the tables below lists the member entities and their leaders, finance ministers and central bank governors. The second table lists relevant statistics such as population and GDP figures for each member, as well as detailing memberships of other international organizations, such as the G7, BRICS and MIKTA. Total GDP figures are given in millions of US dollars.

Leaders

Current Leaders

Member country data

In addition to these 20 members, the chief executive officers of several other international forums and institutions participate in meetings of the G20. These include the managing director and Chairman of the International Monetary Fund, the President of the World Bank, the International Monetary and Financial Committee and the Chairman of the Development Assistance Committee.

The G20's membership does not reflect exactly the 20 largest economies of the world in any given year; as the organization states:

Role of Asian countries
A 2011 report released by the Asian Development Bank (ADB) predicted that large Asian economies such as China and India would play a more important role in global economic governance in the future. The report claimed that the rise of emerging market economies heralded a new world order, in which the G20 would become the global economic steering committee. The ADB furthermore noted that Asian countries had led the global recovery following the late-2000s recession. It predicted that the region would have a greater presence on the global stage, shaping the G20's agenda for balanced and sustainable growth through strengthening intraregional trade and stimulating domestic demand.

Invitees

Typically, several participants that are not full members of the G20 are extended invitations to participate in the summits. Permanent guest invitees are: the government of Spain; the Chair of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations; the Chair of the African Union; and a representative of the New Partnership for Africa's Development are invited in their capacities as leaders of their organisations and as heads of government of their home states. In addition, the leaders of the Financial Stability Board, the International Labour Organization, the International Monetary Fund, the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, the United Nations, the World Bank Group and the World Trade Organization are invited and participate in pre-summit planning within the policy purview of their respective organisation.

Other invitees are chosen by the host country, usually one or two countries from its region. For example, South Korea invited Singapore. International organisations which have been invited in the past include the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC), the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision (BCBS), the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS), the Eurasian Economic Community (EAEC), the European Central Bank (ECB), the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), the Global Governance Group (3G) and the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC). Previously, the Netherlands had a similar status to Spain while the rotating presidency of the Council of the European Union would also receive an invitation, but only in that capacity and not as their own state's leader (such as the Czech premiers Mirek Topolánek and Jan Fischer during the 2009 summits).

Permanent guest invitees

Agenda

Financial focus
The initial G20 agenda, as conceived by US, Canadian and German policymakers, was very much focused on the sustainability of sovereign debt and global financial stability, in an inclusive format that would bring in the largest developing economies as equal partners. During a summit in November 2008, the leaders of the group pledged to contribute trillions to international financial organizations, including the World Bank and IMF, mainly for re-establishing the global financial system.

Since inception, the recurring themes covered by G20 summit participants have related in priority to global economic growth, international trade and financial market regulation.

Inclusive growth
The G20 countries account for almost 75% of global carbon emissions. After the adoption of the UN Sustainable Development Goals and the Paris Climate Agreement in 2015, more "issues of global significance" were added to the G20 agenda: migration, digitisation, employment, healthcare, the economic empowerment of women and development aid. Despite promises G20 nations subsidised fossil fuel companies over $3.3 trillion between 2015 and 2021.

The G20 countries account for almost 75% of the global carbon emissions and promised in 2009 to phase out 'inefficient subsidies'. Despite these promises G20 nations have subsidised fossil fuel companies over $3.3 trillion between 2015 and 2021, with several nations increasing subsidies; Australia (+48.2%), the US (+36.7%), Indonesia (+26.6%), France (+23.8%), China (+4.1%), Brazil (+3.0%), Mexico (+2.6%).  China alone generates over half of the coal-generated electricity in the world.

Interrelated themes
Wolfgang Schäuble, German Federal Minister of Finance, has insisted on the interconnected nature of the issues facing G20 nations, be they purely financial or developmental, and the need to reach effective, cross-cutting policy measures: "Globalization has lifted hundreds of millions out of poverty, but there is also a growing rise in frustration in some quarters […] development, [national] security and migration are all interlinked"

G20 Engagement Groups
The G20 Engagement Groups are independent collectives that are led by organisations of the host country. They represent a diverse group of stakeholders and work collectively to develop non-binding policy recommendations formally submitted to the G20 leaders for consideration.

For the 2022 G20 hosted by Indonesia, there are 10 Engagement Groups formed to facilitate independent stakeholders in developing proposals and policy recommendations for G20 leaders.

Influence and accountability
The G20's prominent membership gives it a strong input on global policy despite lacking any formal ability to enforce rules. There are disputes over the legitimacy of the G20, and criticisms of its organisation and the efficacy of its declarations.

The G20's transparency and accountability have been questioned by critics, who call attention to the absence of a formal charter and the fact that the most important G20 meetings are closed-door. In 2001, the economist Frances Stewart proposed an Economic Security Council within the United Nations as an alternative to the G20. In such a council, members would be elected by the General Assembly based on their importance to the world economy, and the contribution they are willing to provide to world economic development.

The cost and extent of summit-related security is often a contentious issue in the hosting country, and G20 summits have attracted protesters from a variety of backgrounds, including information activists, opponents of fractional-reserve banking and anti-capitalists. In 2010, the Toronto G20 summit sparked mass protests and rioting, leading to the largest mass arrest in Canada's history.

Views on the G20's exclusivity of membership
Although the G20 has stated that the group's "economic weight and broad membership gives it a high degree of legitimacy and influence over the management of the global economy and financial system", its legitimacy has been challenged. A 2011 report for the Danish Institute for International Studies criticised the G20's exclusivity, particularly highlighting its underrepresentation of African countries and its practice of inviting observers from non-member states as a mere "concession at the margins", which does not grant the organisation representational legitimacy. Concerning the membership issue, US President Barack Obama noted the difficulty of pleasing everyone: "Everybody wants the smallest possible group that includes them. So, if they're the 21st largest nation in the world, they want the G21, and think it's highly unfair if they have been cut out." Others stated in 2011 that the exclusivity is not an insurmountable problem and proposed mechanisms by which it could become more inclusive.

Norwegian perspective

In line with Norway's emphasis on inclusive international processes, the United Nations, and the UN system, in a 2010 interview with Der Spiegel, the current prime minister of Norway Jonas Gahr Støre called the G20 "one of the greatest setbacks since World War II" as 173 nations who are all members of the UN are not among the G20. This includes Norway, a major developed economy and the seventh-largest contributor to UN international development programs, which is not a member of the EU, and thus is not represented in the G20 even indirectly. Norway, like other such nations, has little or no voice within the group. Støre argued that the G20 undermines the legitimacy of international organizations set up in the aftermath of World War II, such as the IMF, World Bank and United Nations:

Norway, under the government of Erna Solberg, attended the 2017 G20 summit in Hamburg, Germany.

Spanish position on membership
Spain is the world's thirteenth largest economy by nominal GDP (the fifteenth largest by purchasing power parity), the fourth in the European Union, the second among Spanish-speaking countries, the third in Iberoamerica. In addition, since the 1990s several Spanish companies have gained multinational status, and Spain is an important foreign investor worldwide. Its numbers clearly exceed the numbers of several current members of the G20 such as Argentina or South Africa. These facts supported the idea that Spain should seek permanent membership in the G20. However, Spain, a permanent guest, does not plan to request official membership.

Polish aspirations
In contrast with the Spanish position, the Polish government has repeatedly asked to join the G20.

Before the 2009 G20 London summit, the Polish government expressed an interest in joining with Spain and the Netherlands and condemned an "organisational mess" in which a few European leaders speak in the name of all the EU without legitimate authorisation in cases which belong to the European Commission.

During a 2010 meeting with foreign diplomats, Polish president Lech Kaczyński said:

In 2012, Tim Ferguson wrote in Forbes that swapping Argentina for Poland should be considered, claiming that the Polish economy was headed toward a leadership role in Europe and its membership would be more legitimate. A similar opinion was expressed by Marcin Sobczyk in the Wall Street Journal. Mamta Murthi from the World Bank said: "To be in 'a club', what Poland can do is to continue working as if it already is in the club it wants to join."

In 2014, consulting company Ernst & Young published its report about optimal members for G20. After analyzing trade, institutional and investment links Poland was included as one of the optimal members.

G20 membership has been part of the look program of Poland's Law and Justice party and President Andrzej Duda. In March 2017, Deputy Prime Minister of Poland Mateusz Morawiecki took part in a meeting of G20 financial ministers in Baden-Baden as the first Polish representative.

Global Governance Group (3G) response
In June 2010, Singapore's representative to the United Nations warned the G20 that its decisions would affect "all countries, big and small", and asserted that prominent non-G20 members should be included in financial reform discussions. Singapore thereafter took a leading role in organizing the Global Governance Group (3G), an informal grouping of 30 non-G20 countries (including several microstates and many Third World countries) with the aim of collectively channelling their views into the G20 process more effectively. Singapore's chairing of the 3G was cited as a rationale for inviting Singapore to the November 2010 G20 summit in South Korea, as well as 2011, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, and 2017 summits.

Foreign Policy critiques
The American magazine Foreign Policy has published articles condemning the G20, in terms of its principal function as an alternative to the supposedly exclusive G8. It questions the actions of some of the G20 members and advances the notion that some nations should not have membership in the first place. Furthermore, with the effects of the Great Recession still ongoing, the magazine has criticized the G20's efforts to implement reforms of the world's financial institutions, branding such efforts as failures.

Calls for removal of Russia
In March 2022, following Russia's invasion of Ukraine, U.S. President Joe Biden called for the removal of Russia from the group. Alternatively, he suggested that Ukraine be allowed to attend the 2022 summit, despite its lack of membership. Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau also said the group should "re-evaluate" Russia's participation. Russia claims it would not be a significant issue, as most G20 members are already fighting Russia economically due to the war. China suggested that expelling Russia would be counterproductive. In November 2022, Indonesia and Russia stated that Vladimir Putin would not attend the G20 summit in person, but may attend virtually. During the 2022 summit, Ukrainian president Volodymyr Zelenskyy appeared in a video statement and repeatedly addressed the assembly as the 'G19' as a means of indicating his viewpoint that Russia should be removed from the group.

See also
Model G20
G8
G7
League of Nations

Notes

References

Bibliography

Further reading

External links

 G20 website of the OECD
 G20 Information Centre from the University of Toronto
 A Guide To Committees, Groups, And Clubs from the International Monetary Fund
 G20 Special Report from The Guardian

 The G20's role in the post-crisis world by FRIDE
 The Group of Twenty – A History, 2007
 Economics for Everyone: G20 – Gearing for Growth

Economic country classifications
Intergovernmental organizations
Organizations established in 1999


text:
Eurylabus nakayai är en stekelart som beskrevs av Tohru Uchida 1956. Eurylabus nakayai ingår i släktet Eurylabus och familjen brokparasitsteklar. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.

Källor

Brokparasitsteklar
nakayai


text:
La acedera acuática (Rumex aquaticus L.) es una especie de la familia de las poligonáceas.

Distribución y hábitat
Esta especie se encuentra en Asia y Europa Oriental.  La frontera occidental de su área principal pasa por el Oeste de la región del río Rin, en el Norte y el Este de la Alta Selva negra.  La frontera al Sur de Europa son los Alpes y en la península balcánica. El límite Norte de Europa se encuentra en el Cabo Norte. En el Este se extiende la gama a través de la totalidad de Siberia hasta el Pacífico, Rusia, Kazajistán, Kirguistán, Mongolia y China. También está en Japón.

La especie prefiere la humedad, suelos inundados periódicamente o del rango de meso a eutrófico de aguas.  Le gustan los suelos alcalinos, formados por grava y arcilla.

Rumex aquaticus crece sobre todo en la costa o en los cañaverales de altura, en las riberas de los ríos donde las aguas son calmadas.  Raras, pero también las encontramos en las depresiones de inundaciones periódicas.

Descripción
Planta herbácea perenne, que puede crecer hasta  de 0'8 a 2 metros de altura. Las hojas son sentadas y los tallos son casi tan largos como las hojas. La base de estas tiene hasta 45 centímetros de largo y 25 centímetros de anchura, son alargadas y de forma oval-triangulares, presentan una coloración verde oscuro. La base es profundamente cordiforme y redondeada basalmente. En la mitad superior de la hoja el margen casi entero y la punta a menudo es aguda o lanceolada, aunque puede presentar una fina ondulación.  El lateral de las vainas es de color marrón con flecos.

De julio a agosto las plantas están llenas de muchas inflorescencias muy densas (panículas).  Estos son los principales ejes, y a menudo representan la mitad de la longitud del tallo (es decir, hasta un metro de altura).  Las flores son hermafroditas y la mayoría se organizan superponiéndolos para formar la panícula.

El fruto es un aquenio de 5 a 9 milímetros de largo y de 4 a 7 milímetros de anchura.  Son triangulares y ovado-redondeadas. La corteza puede ser de color verde hasta marrón.  Los frutos secos son de 3'4 a 3'8 milímetros de largo y de color marrón claro.

Propiedades
La especie tiene prestaciones médicas, ayuda a combatir la causa de los dolores de estómago y diarrea. Un extracto de la raíz cuida diversas enfermedades cutáneas.  El polvo de la raíz se puede utilizar como un sustituto de la pasta de dientes.

Taxonomía
Rumex aquaticus fue descrita por   Carlos Linneo  y publicado en Species Plantarum 1: 336. 1753.
Etimología
Ver: Rumex

aquaticus: epíteto latíno que significa "acuática".
Variedades
 Rumex aquaticus ssp. aquaticus
 Rumex aquaticus ssp. arcticus (Trautv.) Hiitonen
 Rumex aquaticus ssp. protractus

Sinonimia
 Rumex aquaticus subsp. euaquaticus Rech. f.
 Rumex aquaticus subsp. protractus (Rech. f.) Rech. f.
 Rumex protractus'' Rech.f.

Referencias

Enlaces externos

 http://www.ibiblio.org/pfaf/cgi-bin/arr_html?Rumex+aquaticus

aquaticus
Flora de Europa
Plantas acuáticas
Plantas medicinales
Plantas descritas en 1753
Plantas descritas por Linnaeus


text:
L'àcid hexafluorosilicic o àcid fluorosilícic és un compost inorgànic amb la fórmula H₂SiF₆. És un producte de la producció de fluorur d'hidrogen i la producció de fosfats fertilitzants. La majoria de l'àcid hexaflurosilícic es fa servir per a la producció del metall alumini. També és comú usar l'àcid hexaflurosilícic per la fluoridització de l'aigua.

Química
Com altres compostos relacionats amb ell, l'àcid hexaflurosilícic no existeix com una espècie química discreta; és a dir, que no s'ha aïllat un material amb la fórmula H₂SiF₆. L'àcid hexaflurosilícic fa referència a una mescla en equilibri amb l'anió hexafluorosilicat (SiF₆2−) en una solució aquosa o altres solvents que continguin donants forts de protons

Producció i reaccions principals
El fluorur d'hidrogen es produeix a partir de l'espat de fluor per tractament amb àcid sulfúric. Com a subproducte, aproximadament es produeix 50 kg de H₂SiF₆ per tona d'HF També es produeix. H₂SiF₆com subproducte de la producció d'àcid fosfòric a partir de l'apatita i la fluorapatita.

L'àcid hexafluorosilícic també es pot originar tractant el terafluorur de silici amb àcid hidrofluòric.

Usos
La majoria de l'àcid hexaflurosilícic es converteix en fluorur d'alumini i criolita. Aquests materials són centrals per la conversió de la mena d'alumini a metall alumini. La conversió de trifluorur d'alumini es descriu com:
H₂SiF₆ + Al₂O₃ → 2 AlF₃ + SiO₂ + H₂O

L'àcid hexaflurosilícic es converteix a una gran varietat de sals útils hexafluorosilicades. La sals de potassi es fa servir en la producció de porcellanes, la de magnesi per endurir ciments i com insecticida, i la de bari per a fòsfors.

El H₂SiF₆ és un reactiu especialitzat en la síntesi orgànica per als enllaços Si-O dels èters silils.

L'àcid hexaflurosilícic i les seves sals es fan servir com conservants de la fusta.

Seguretat
L'àcid hexaflurosilícic allibera fluorur d'hidrogen quan s'evapora, és corrosiu i pot causar enverinament per fluorur i edema pulmonar. Ataca el vidre i el gres.
El valor de LD50 per a l'àcid hexaflurosilícic és de 70 mg/kg .

Referències

hexafluorosilicic
Silicats


text:
Lluís Riu i Rovira de Villar (Sant Esteve de Palautordera, 1932 – 1996) va ser alcalde de Sant Esteve de Palautordera entre 1979 i 1991.

Biografia
Fill d'una important família de propietaris rurals, va estudiar enginyeria tècnica agrícola i exercí tota la seva vida d'empresari
agrícola.

Seguint la tradició familiar, va ser alcalde de Sant Esteve de Palautordera en tres mandats successius. En les primeres eleccions democràtiques després del franquisme encapçalà la candidatura independent Per un Ajuntament obert al Poble, que guanyà les eleccions, i va ser nomenat alcalde al 19 d'abril de 1979. Es presentà dues vegades més, les dues com a independent en la llista de CiU, i portà la vara d'alcalde fins al 15 de juny de 1991. Realitzacions dels seus mandats foren l'aprovació de les normes subsidiàries de planejament, la catalanització del nom del poble i dels seus carrers i la construcció del pavelló poliesportiu.

Germans
Un seu germà Francesc Riu i Rovira de Villar és religiós salesià, va estar 30 anys al capdavant de l'"Escola Cristiana de Catalunya", i ha publicat diversos llibres de tema pedagògic. Un altre, Antoni Riu i Rovira de Villar, es titulà en enginyeria industrial el 1979, va ser Cap Provincial de Trànsit de la Província de Barcelona (almenys des del 1999 i fins al 2004), per passar a ser subdirector general d'Educació, Divulgació i Formació Viària i, el 2008, subdirector general de Formació per a la Seguretat viària de la Dirección General de Tráfico. Un tercer, Josep Maria Riu i Rovira de Villar, s'ha dedicat a la gestió agrícola, i ha estat en la direcció de la Comunitat de Regants de Sant Esteve de Palautordera. Una germana, Maria Àngels Riu i Rovira de Villar, és doctora i tresorera de la "ONG Pobles Germans" (des de l'any 2002 fins a l'actualitat); una altra, Montserrat Riu i Rovira de Villar és religiosa de l'orde del Sagrat Cor de Jesús i n'havia estat provincial d'Espanya-Nord; i una tercera, Ma. Teresa Riu Rovira de Villar és doctora, religiosa de les Missioneres de Crist Jesús i actual directora de l'Hospital Regional de Kole, a la República Democràtica del Congo.

Notes

Enllaços externs
 Fitxa biogràfica
 Presentació d'un treball genealògic sobre -entre altres- els Riu de Sant Esteve de Palautordera i els Rovira de Villar de Llerona

Alcaldes del Vallès Oriental
Santestevencs


text:
NGC 3063 est une paire d'étoiles située dans la constellation de la Grande Ourse.
L'astronome germano-britannique William Herschel a enregistré la position de cette paire d'étoiles le .

Notes et références

Voir aussi

Articles connexes
 Liste des objets du NGC

Lien externe

(en) NGC 3063 sur le site du professeur C. Seligman

3063
NGC 3063
NGC 3063
Objet céleste découvert en 1802
Objet céleste découvert par William Herschel


text:
Barão do Tinguá é um título nobiliárquico criado por D. Pedro II do Brasil por decreto de 11 de outubro de 1848, a favor de Pedro Correia e Castro.

 Titulares
 Pedro Correia e Castro (1786–1869);
 Francisco Pinto Duarte (1821–1896).


text:
Љубомир Врачаревић (Вараждин, 6. мај 1947 — Београд, 18. новембар 2013) био је српски спортиста, мајстор и творац реалног аикидоа, црни појас 10. дан.

Биографија
Он је оснивач стила "Реални аикидо". Љубомир Врачаревић је постао мајстор аикидоа 1971. године. Током свог првог боравка у Јапану вежбао у Хомбо дођоу код Кишомару Ујешибе, 10. Дан, сина оснивача Аикидоа Морихеји Ујешибе.

Поштујући достигнућа јапанских мајстора, изграђује свој стил примерен менталитету, конституцији и традицији људи поднебља са ког потиче.

Рад са полицијом и специјалним јединицама војске, подстакао га је да развија свој стил у правцу практичне примене, стално га надограђујући.

Током другог боравка у Токију 1993. године и вежбања у Јошинкан дођоу, школи мајстора Гозо Шиоде 10. Дан, увиђа исправност свог схватања аикидоа.

Међународну репутацију мајстор Врачаревић изградио је обучавајући јединице полиције, војске, служби обезбеђења, као и телохранитеље више државника. У току своје досадашње каријере одржао је више од 250 семинара широм света. Кроз клубове реалног аикидоа до сада је прошло више од 130.000 ученика.
Област обучавања којој придаје велику пажњу је рад са децом од 5 до 12 година.
Аутор је 12 књига о реалном аикидоу и самоодбрани.

Мајстор Врачаревић је инструктор у ИБССА, професор на Високој школи за спорт у Београду, редован је члан Руске академије наука о Земљи и Интернационалне академије за националну безбедност. Такође је носилац других међународних признања:Технички Директор Руске Асоцијације за Реални Аикидо, члан Евро-Азијског Кјокушинкаи Комитета, Почасни председник Вушу Федерације област Шенуанг - Кина, Почасни члан ММА. Међународна академија за питања националне безбедности Русије, доделила му је чин генерал-лајтант.

У САД 2002. године изабран је за члана -{United States Martial Arts Hall of Fame}-.

На церемонији куће славних -{United States Martial Arts Hall of Fame}- 9. августа 2003. Љубомиру Врачаревићу је додељено највеће звање у борилачким вештинама: Црни појас 10. Дан-Соке као творцу стила Реални аикидо. Реални аикидо је увршћен у интернационалну класификацију борилачких вештина као аутентична српска вештина. Мајстор Врачаревић је 2007. године у Београду основао Европску кућу славних за борилачке вештине и спортове.

Преминуо је 18. новембра 2013. године у 67. години живота.

Занимљивости

Остварио је епизодне улоге у филмовима Како је пропао рокенрол (Нинџа инструктор) и Шејтанов ратник (инструктор Реалног Аикидоа).

Референце

Спољашње везе

 сајт Светског центра реалног аикидоа
 Љубомир Врачаревић у "Кући славних" САД
 Мајстори реалног аикидоа стижу у Хиландар - интервју ("Политика", 9. септембар 2012)

Рођени 1947.
Умрли 2013.
Вараждинци
Срби у Хрватској
Аикидо


text:
Cambrai Memorial is een Britse militaire begraafplaats gelegen in de Franse plaats Louverval in de gemeente Doignies in het  Noorderdepartement. De begraafplaats wordt onderhouden door de Commonwealth War Graves Commission.

De begraafplaats telt 7,057 Commonwealth WW1 names commemorated.

Begraafplaats van de CWGC in Frankrijk
Doignies


text:
L'Éthiopie a participé de manière quelque peu épisodique aux Jeux paralympiques. Elle n'y a pas connu le même succès qu'aux Jeux olympiques, puisqu'à ce jour seuls trois Éthiopiens ont remporté une médaille paralympique.

Historique
Le pays envoie sa première délégation aux Jeux d'été de 1968 à Tel Aviv : deux athlètes en fauteuil roulant, qui participent tous deux à la fois aux épreuves de tennis de table et d'athlétisme, sans approcher des podiums. Absente en 1972, l'Ethiopie envoie à nouveau l'athlète Abraham Habte aux Jeux d'été de 1976, ne se joignant ainsi pas au boycott de ces Jeux (malgré la participation éthiopienne au boycott des JO de Montréal cette même année). À Toronto, Habte concourt à des épreuves d'athlétisme, de boulingrin et de tennis de table. Cette fois, il s'illustre à l'épreuve de lancer de javelot de précision. Il est l'un des quatre athlètes à terminer en tête de la compétition, avec 74 points, mais est classé quatrième, au pied du podium. Aux Jeux de 1980, il demeure l'unique représentant éthiopien, et participe cette fois uniquement à l'épreuve de boulingrin, où il remporte son premier match mais n'obtient pas de médaille.

L'Éthiopie est ensuite absente des Jeux durant vingt-quatre ans. Le pays est entré dans la période de la « terreur rouge », sous le régime de Mengistu Haile Mariam. La fin de la dictature au début des années 1990 permet le retour de l'Éthiopie aux Jeux olympiques, mais ce n'est qu'au début du  que le pays connaît une réelle stabilité politique.

Aux Jeux paralympiques d'été de 2004 à Athènes, le sprinteur Kiross Tekle Redae (amputé du bras gauche) est le seul représentant éthiopien. En 2008, le pays aligne deux athlètes, cette fois en demi-fond et en course de fond. Tesfalem Gebru Kebede (atteint d'une déformation du bras gauche) remporte sa première course sur , mais termine cinquième en finale ; sur , il termine quatrième, et le pays manque à nouveau de peu de remporter sa première médaille. Pour les Jeux de 2012 à Londres, Kebede est accompagné par trois autres athlètes, la plus grande délégation éthiopienne à ce jour. Si les résultats de Kebede y sont décevants, son compatriote Wondiye Fikre Indelbu décroche la médaille d'argent sur . L'athlète de 24 ans, dont la main droite avait été arrachée et qui avait été éborgné par une grenade durant son enfance, termine derrière le Kenyan Abraham Tarbei dans la catégorie T46 et obtient la première médaille de son pays.

L'Éthiopie n'a jamais participé aux Jeux paralympiques d'hiver.

Bilan général
Ces données proviennent de la base de données du Comité international paralympique.

Médailles par année

Médaillés éthiopiens

Voir aussi
 Éthiopie aux Jeux olympiques

Références

Éthiopie aux Jeux paralympiques


text:
De Union comorienne pour le progrès (Nederlands: Comorese Unie voor de Vooruitgang) was een politieke partij op de Comoren. De partij werd in 1982 opgericht door president Ahmed Abdallah en was tot 1990 de enige toegestane partij van het land. Wel was het niet-partijgebonden burgers toegestaan om als onafhankelijke kandidaat mee te doen aan verkiezingen.

President Abdallah wist zijn impopulaire regime met hulp van Franse huurlingen onder Bob Denard in stand te houden, maar uiteindelijk werd hij op 26 november 1989 vermoord - mogelijk in opdracht van Denard. Daags na de moord werd hij als president opgevolgd door Said Mohamed Djohar die in 1990 begon met het liberaliseren van het regime en in datzelfde jaar een einde maakte aan de monopoliepositie van de UCP. In 1991 werd de partij ontbonden.

Zie ook
Geschiedenis van de Comoren

Verwijzingen

Politiek in de Comoren


text:
Der Téngrélasee ist ein See im Südwesten Burkina Fasos, nahe Banfora.

Beschreibung
Der See ist wegen der dort lebenden Flusspferde eine lokale Touristenattraktion. Seit 2009 steht er auch auf der Liste schützenswerter Feuchtgebiete der Ramsar-Konvention.

Auf dem Téngrélasee gibt es zahlreiche Schwimmpflanzen, darunter Seerosen (Nymphaea lotus, N. guineensis), Seekanne (Nymphoides ezannoi), Wassernuss (Trapa bicornis) und Wasserschlauch (Utricularia stellaris u. a.).

Einzelnachweise

Cascades (Burkina Faso)
STengrelasee


text:
Juncus coriaceus, the leathery rush, is a species of flowering plant in the family Juncaceae, native to the southeastern United States, from Texas to Cape May, New Jersey. A report from New York state turns out to have been erroneous. A wetland species, it prefers poorly drained soils.

References

coriaceus
Endemic flora of the United States
Flora of Texas
Flora of Oklahoma
Flora of the Southeastern United States
Flora of New Jersey
Plants described in 1929
Flora without expected TNC conservation status


text:
Sclerogibba mancinii is een vliesvleugelig insect uit de familie van de Sclerogibbidae. De wetenschappelijke naam van de soort is voor het eerst geldig gepubliceerd in 1933 door Masi. De soort komt voornamelijk voor in Jemen.

Sclerogibbidae


text:
Mankachar College, established in 1971, is a general degree college situated at Mankachar, in South Salmara district, Assam. This college is affiliated with the Gauhati University.

Departments

Science
Physics
Mathematics
Chemistry
Botany
Zoology

Arts and Commerce
 Assamese
 English
History
Education
Economics
Philosophy
Political Science

References

External links
http://www.mankacharcollege.org

Universities and colleges in Assam
Colleges affiliated to Gauhati University
Educational institutions established in 1971
1971 establishments in Assam


text:
Anacropora är ett släkte av koralldjur. Anacropora ingår i familjen Acroporidae.

Kladogram enligt Catalogue of Life:

Källor

Externa länkar

Stenkoraller
Anacropora


text:
King of the Wild Horses is a 1933 American Columbia Pictures Western film directed by Earl Haley. It was produced and released by Columbia Pictures with stunts by Yakima Canutt.

Cast
Rex the Wonder Horse as Rex
Lady the Horse as The Mare
Marquis the Horse as Rex's Rival
William Janney as Two Feathers
Dorothy Appleby as Napeeta
Wallace MacDonald as Gorman
Harry Semels as John Foster
Ford West as Dr. Anderson
Art Mix as Haley
Charles LeMoyne as a henchman(*uncredited)

Preservation status
A print is held in the Library of Congress collection.

References

External links

1933 films
Columbia Pictures films
American Western (genre) films
1933 Western (genre) films
American black-and-white films
1930s American films
1930s English-language films


text:
Бахарлы́ Вторые () — поселок в Агдамском районе Азербайджана.

История
Основан постановлением Милли Меджлиса Азербайджана от 6 октября 2007 года "О изменениях в административном делении Агдамского района". С этого же дня входит в Учогланский муниципалитет.

География
Неподалёку от поселка протекает река Хачынчай.

Село находится в 28 км от райцентра Агдам, в 23 км от временного райцентра Кузанлы и в 331 км от Баку. Ближайшая ж/д станция — Тазакенд.

Высота села над уровнем моря — 252 м.

Население

Посёлок основан для беженцев. Постоянного населения не имеет.

Климат
В селе холодный семиаридный климат.

Примечания

Населённые пункты Агдамского района


text:
France competed at the 2010 Summer Youth Olympics, the inaugural Youth Olympic Games, held in Singapore from 14 August to 26 August 2010.

The French squad consisted of 60 athletes competing in 18 sports: aquatics (diving, swimming), archery, athletics, badminton, basketball, boxing, canoeing, fencing, gymnastics, handball, judo, modern pentathlon, rowing, sailing, shooting, table tennis, taekwondo and triathlon.

Medalists

Archery

Boys

Girls

Mixed Team

Athletics

Boys
Track and Road Events

Girls
Track and Road Events

Field Events

Badminton

Boys

Girls

Basketball

Girls

Boxing

Boys

Canoeing

Boys

Girls

Diving

Girls

Fencing

Group Stage

Knock-Out Stage

Gymnastics

Artistic Gymnastics

Boys

Girls

Handball

Judo

Individual

Team

Modern pentathlon

Rowing

Sailing

Windsurfing

Shooting

Pistol

Rifle

Swimming

Boys

Girls

Mixed

 * raced in heats only

Table tennis

Individual

Team

Taekwondo

Triathlon

Men's

Mixed

References

External links
Competitors List: France – Singapore 2010 official site
 Schedule/Results – Singapore 2010 official site

2010 in French sport
Nations at the 2010 Summer Youth Olympics
France at the Youth Olympics


text:
L'ilium (ou ilion) est la partie supérieure de l'os coxal. Il est constitué d'un corps et d'une aile.

Description

Corps de l'ilium
Le corps de l'ilium forme moins des deux-cinquièmes supérieur de l'acétabulum.

Latéralement, à la limite avec l'aile iliaque, il est marqué par le sillon supra-acétabulaire (ou gouttière sus-cotyloïdienne). Ce sillon correspond au passage du tendon réfléchi du muscle droit fémoral qui se fixe dans la partie postérieure du sillon.

Sur sa face sacro-pelvienne, le corps est séparée de l'aile par la ligne arquée.

La ligne arquée fait partie de la ligne terminale qui forme la limite entre le petit bassin et le grand bassin.

Au-dessous et en arrière de la ligne arquée, se trouve la surface articulaire coxale de l'articulation sacro-iliaque : la surface auriculaire de l'ilion et la tubérosité iliaque.

Aile de l'ilium

L'aile de l'ilium est la partie supérieure large et aplatie de l'ilium. L'ensemble des deux ailes forme le grand bassin osseux.

Elle présente une face externe constituant la surface glutéale de l'ilium, et une surface interne constituant la fosse iliaque interne faisant partie de la face sacro-pelvienne de l'ilion.

Les deux faces se rejoignent en haut au niveau de la crête iliaque.

Surface glutéale de l'ilium
La surface glutéale de l'ilium (ou fosse iliaque externe ou face glutéale de l'ilion) est la face externe de l'ilium. Elle de forme triangulaire et ondulée : convexe en avant et en arrière et concave dans sa partie moyenne.

Elle est marquée par les lignes glutéales antérieure, postérieure et inférieure.

Ligne glutéale antérieure
La ligne glutéale antérieure (ou ligne demi-circulaire antérieure ou ligne semi-circulaire antérieure) est la plus longue des trois lignes glutéales.

Elle commence au niveau de la crête iliaque à environ 4 cm derrière son extrémité antérieure. Elle est concave en bas et en avant et se termine à la partie moyenne du bord supérieur de la grande incisure ischiatique.

Au milieu de cette ligne, un foramen nutritif est souvent observé.

Elle sépare les surfaces d'insertion du muscle petit glutéal en avant et du muscle moyen glutéal en arrière.

Ligne glutéale postérieure
La ligne glutéale postérieure (ou ligne demi-circulaire postérieure ou ligne semi-circulaire postérieure ou ligne semi circulaire supérieure) est la plus courte des lignes glutéales. C'est une ligne concave en avant qui débute à l'union du quart postérieur et des trois-quarts antérieurs de la crête iliaque. Elle descend presque verticalement et se termine au niveau du bord supérieur de la grande incisure ischiatique en arrière de la ligne glutéale antérieure.

Elle sépare les surfaces d'insertion du muscle moyen glutéal en avant de celle du muscle grand glutéal en arrière.

Ligne glutéale inférieure
La ligne glutéale inférieure (ou ligne fessière ou ligne semi-circulaire inférieure ou ligne spino-cotyloïdienne ou crête supra-tegminale) correspond à la lèvre supérieure du sillon supra-acétabulaire.

Elle limite en bas l'insertion du muscle petit glutéal.

Fosse iliaque interne

La fosse iliaque interne est la partie de la surface sacro-pelvienne située au-dessus de la ligne arquée. Elle est limitée en haut par la crête iliaque.

Elle est concave est donne insertion dans ses deux-tiers supérieurs au muscle iliaque.

Elle constitue la limite osseuse latérale du grand bassin.

Crête iliaque
La crête iliaque est le bord supérieur de l'aile de l'ilium. Elle a une  forme de S et convexe en haut.

Elle s'étend de l'épine iliaque antérieure et supérieure à l'épine iliaque postérieure et supérieure.

Dans sa partie moyenne, elle est épaissie par le tubercule iliaque qui donne insertion au muscle moyen glutéal.

Elle est limitée par deux lèvres une externe et une interne.

La lèvre externe donne insertion au muscle tenseur du fascia lata, au muscle oblique externe de l'abdomen et au muscle latissimus du dos. Le fascia lata s'y insère également sur toute sa longueur.

La lèvre interne donne insertion au muscle transverse de l'abdomen, le muscle carré des lombes, le muscle érecteur du rachis et le muscle iliaque.

Entre les deux lèvres, s'insère le muscle oblique interne de l'abdomen.

Aspect clinique
La crête iliaque est palpable sous la peau.

C'est le seul os du corps où on a détecté une pathologie très particulière : le pneumatokyste, il s'agit de la formation d'une cavité à l'intérieur de l'os, pouvant atteindre plusieurs centimètres et contenant de l'azote.

Anatomie comparée

Dinosaures
La structure de la hanche et en particulier celle de l'ilium est un critère de distinction dans clade des Dinosauria entre les deux ordres Saurischia et Ornithischia.

Notes et références

Liens externes

Squelette du membre inférieur

he:אגן#כסל


text:
Mountain Village est une localité d'Alaska aux États-Unis dans la Région de recensement de Kusilvak. En 2010, il y avait .

Situation - climat
Elle est située sur la rive nord du fleuve Yukon à  à l'ouest de St. Mary's et à  au nord-ouest d'Anchorage, aux pieds de la montagne Azachorok, qui est le premier relief rencontré quand on remonte le cours du Yukon.

La moyenne des températures est de  en juillet et de  en janvier.

Histoire
Mountain Village était un camp de pêche l'été, jusqu'à l'ouverture d'un magasin de fournitures générales en 1908, ce qui a entraîné l'arrivée de nouveaux habitants. La même année, une école et une mission y ont été établies. La poste a ouvert en 1923, suivie par une usine de salage de saumon en 1956 et une conserverie en 1964. Les trois sont actuellement fermées. La localité a été déclaré centre scolaire régional en 1976.

Les habitants pratiquent une économie de subsistance saisonnière, à base de pêche, de chasse, et de cueillette. Les seuls emplois offerts le sont dans l'administration et l'école.

Démographie

Articles connexes
 Région de recensement de Kusilvak

Sources et références
  CIS

Ville en Alaska
Région de recensement de Wade Hampton


text:
Les relations entre l'Algérie et le Mali correspondent aux interactions diplomatiques, culturelles et économiques entre la République algérienne démocratique et populaire et le République du Mali.

Présentation

La relation entre deux pays, autrefois anciennes colonies de la France, qui partagent le désert du Sahel comme frontière et ayant également une très longue frontière, a fait de cette relation un obstacle majeur pour les deux États voisins. En tant que deux pays musulmans à majorité sunnite, l'instabilité récente au Mali, notamment l'Azawad du peuple touareg, a déversé une forte présence d'Al-Qaida au Maghreb et a plongé l'Algérie dans une situation difficile. Pour riposter, l'Algérie a fortifié sa frontière et déployé davantage de troupes pour sécuriser la frontière avec le Mali. La peur de la croissance des militants du Mali amène l'Algérie et les États-Unis à discuter de la façon de freiner leurs actions extrémistes.

Représentations officielles
L'Algérie maintient une ambassade à Bamako et un consulat à Gao, tandis que le Mali a une ambassade à Alger et un consulat à Tamanrasset.

Immigrations
Les immigrés maliens ont formé  et la plupart vivent dans des villes côtières comme Oran, Constantine et Alger, bien que les maliens vivent parfois dans le Sud, notamment dans les provinces de Tamanrasset et Adrar.

Investissement
L'Algérie et le Mali vont plus loin pour diversifier la coopération économique. L'Algérie a été un investisseur majeur au Mali, économiquement en raison du progrès économique de l'Algérie et de la pauvreté moindre par rapport au Mali.

Rébellion touarègue de 2012
Lors de la rébellion touarègue de 2012, le consulat algérien a été saisi par au moins deux personnes portant des ceintures d'explosifs. Sept otages ont été pris, dont le consul. En ce qui concerne l'UDI de l'Azawad, le Premier ministre algérien a déclaré qu'il n'accepterait jamais de « remettre en cause l'intégrité territoriale du Mali » que l'Algérie a prévu de coordonner avec le MNLA pour travailler à la libération des otages.

Notes et références

Voir aussi

Articles connexes
 Liste des représentations diplomatiques de l'Algérie

Liens externes


text:
Lysgårdsbakken, oficialmente chamada Arena de Saltos de Lysgårdsbakkene (), é uma colina de saltos de esqui em Lillehammer, Norway. A colina maior tem um K-point de 123 e o tamanho 138, enquanto a colina menor tem o K-point de 90 e o tamanho 100. Foi inaugurada no início de 1993 para ser o palco principal dos Jogos Olímpicos de Inverno de 1994, em que foi o local da disputa das provas saltos de esqui e o combinado nórdico, bem como as cerimónias de abertura e de encerramento. Depois das Olimpíadas ,a arena se tornou integrante do Parque Olímpico de Lillehammer. Além disso, é regularmente palco de torneios da Copa do Mundo de Salto de Esqui e da Copa do Mundo de Combinado Nórdico, incluindo a etapa final do Circuito Nórdico. Tem a capacidade máxima de 35 mil espectadores e é uma das três pistas de saltos nacionais na Noruega. Em 2007, a pista maior foi reformada, ficando com um novo forro de plástico. Por ano, recebe 80 mil saltos no Inverno e 20 mil durante o verão.

Construção

Quando Lillehammer foi eleita como sede das Olimpíadas de Inverno de 1994,o projeto envolvia o uso de Balbergbakken, em Fåberg, a norte de Lillehammer. A ideia foi abandonada devido aos custos inerentes ao melhoramento da infraestrutura.  O financiamento contou com uma garantia do Parlamento da Noruega; os arquitectos foram da Økaw Arkitekter, e o principal contratante foi Martin M. Bakken. A construção começou no início de 1990, e ficou concluída em Dezembro de 1992. As arquibancadas foram construídas com elementos de cimento pré-construídos com barras metálicas. Os edifícios temporários e as instalações para as cerimónias foram instaladas em Dezembro de 1993, sendo removidas depois das Olimpíadas. Incluíam 70 escritórios para comentadores, um centro de imprensa e escritórios para os técnicos. A construção original incluiu características que permitiam saltos de esqui na pista menor durante o Verão. A infraestrutura foi colocada a uma profundidade considerável para proteger os saltadores do vento incessante na área e minimizar o impacto nos subúrbios. A Associação Nacional de Arquitectos Noruegueses atribuiu às colinas o prémio Betongtavlen de 1993. Em 2007, a colina maior foi renovada, recebendo um perfil expandido, um K-Point alargado de 120 para 123, e plástico no forro, permitindo assim que ambas as colinas sejam usadas durante o Verão.

Infraestruturas
A capacidade para espectadores é de 35 mil lugares . Nos quais 7,5 mil ficam sentados. Estruturas auxiliares incluem uma casa de partida, uma torre para os juízes com espaços de escritórios para os organizadores e juízes, um edifício para a imprensa e uma sala técnica por baixo das bancadas. Incluem-se ainda uma área de primeiros-socorros. Há também uma infraestrutura de produção de neve a alta pressão. O transporte para a torre da colina maior é feito por teleférico. Durante as Olimpíadas, o transporte para as infraestruturas foi feito sobretudo por trens/comboios, com os espectadores descendo na Estação de Lillehammer da Linha Dovre estando a pequena distância a pé.

A colina menor tem um K-point de 90 e um tamanho de 100, com 36 degraus para a saída e 11 degraus para a aproximação. Tem uma diferença de altura de 112 metros, e a aproximação está a 82 metros de altura. Desde 2007, a colina maior tem um K-point de 138 e uma altura de 138.

Eventos
Durante as Olimpíadas de Inverno de 1994, a infraestrutura sediou os três eventos de saltos de esqui e os dois de combinado nórdico, além das cerimónias de abertura e de encerramento. As provas foram de saltos normais individuais, saltos elevados individual e saltos elevados por equipes ; e saltos individuais e por equipes no combinado nórdico.

Lysgårdsbakken recebe tradicionalmente etapas da Copa do Mundo de Salto de Esqui e da Copa do Mundo de Combinado Nórdico , incluindo o Circuito Nórdico. Nos Jogos Olímpicos de Inverno da Juventude de 2016,a arena será a sede novamente das cerimônias , dos saltos de esqui e do combinado nórdico.

Em Setembro de 2015, o recorde da colina maior está fixado nos 146 metros, por Simon Ammann, enquanto o recorde da colina maior na época de Verão é de 145 metros e está na posse de Tom Hilde. Na colina mais pequena, o recorde actual é de 107.5 metros, estabelecido por Karl Geiger, e de 103.5 metros na época de Verão (recorde pertencente a Balthasar Schneider). A melhor senhora detém uma marca de 104.5 metros (Ema Klinec), e no Verão a melhor marca feminina é atualmente de 106.5 metros, por Daniela Iraschko-Stolz.

Esta é uma das três colinas nacionais de saltos de esqui na Noruega, além do Holmenkollbakken em Oslo e Granåsen em Trondheim. Lysgårdsbakken é usada regularmente como local de treinos, recebendo 80 mil saltos anuais durante o Inverno e 20 mil saltos anuais durante o Verão.

Em 2006, o programa de televisão Top Gear, da BBC One, filmou um programa especial dedicado às Olimpíadas de Inverno em diversas infraestruturas olímpicas de Lillehammer. Incluiu uma tentativa bem-sucedida de um salto de esqui usando um Mini British Leyland Mk V impulsionado por um foguete. KT Tunstall filmou a maior parte do seu single If Only (2008) em Lysgårdsbakken.

Jogos Olímpicos da Juventude
Jogos Olímpicos de Inverno da Juventude de 2016
Desportos de inverno
Jogos Olímpicos de Inverno


text:
Jakob Petelin Kranjski (latinsko Iacobus Gallus Carnilius; tudi Handl ali Händl), pozno-renesančni slovenski skladatelj, * konec julija 1550, najverjetneje Šentviška Gora ali Ribnica, † 18. julij 1591, Praga, Češka. Rodil se je na Kranjskem (Carniola), ki je v tistem času spadala pod Sveto Rimsko Cesarstvo, temu so vladali Habsburžani. V drugi polovici svojega življenja je živel in ustvarjal na Moravskem in v Češkem.

Domnevno se je izobraževal v samostanu v Stični, v mladosti je potoval po Nižji Avstriji in bival v obdonavskih samostanih Zwettl in Melk, kasneje je potoval v Prago, Wroclaw in Olomuc. Gallus je avtor številnih motetov, najbolj znana pa je zbirka 374 motetov, ki je namenjena petju v vsakem dnevu cerkvenega leta. Večja zbirka del je tudi t. i. Harmoniae morales, izbor 53 madrigalov. Gallus je bil sodobnik Giovannija Pierluigija da Palestrine in Orlanda di Lassa. V času svojega življenja je bil uspešen in cenjen skladatelj, vendar je na domačih tleh skozi stoletja utonil v pozabo. V slovenskem prostoru sta nanj ponovno opozorila skladatelja Josip Mantuani in Kamilo Mašek. Med letoma 1985 in 1996 je SAZU izdala njegova dela v dvajsetih zvezkih.

Gallusa so počastili s poimenovanjem osrednje dvorane v dvorani Cankar Center Gallusova dvorana (Gallusova dvorana).

Del desnega nabrežja reke Ljubljanice v Ljubljani, ki se razprostira od mostu svetega Jakoba do Kobblerjevega mostu, ima ime Gallusov nasip (Gallusovo nabrežje). To je tudi ime levega nabrežja reke Bistrice v mestu Ribnica, njegovega rojstnega kraja. Tam sta mu v spomin tudi spomenik z bronasto glavo skladatelja, delo arhitekta Jožeta Plečnika in kiparja Lojzeta Dolinarja iz leta 1932, ter kamnita plošča iz leta 1973. Plošča je bila prvotno postavljena že leta 1933, uničena pa med drugo svetovno vojno.

Slovenski javni sklad za kulturne dejavnosti vsako leto zaslužnim glasbenikom podeli bronaste, srebrne in zlate Gallusove značke (Gallusova značka) ter navedbe bronastega, srebrnega in zlatega Gallusa (Gallusova plaketa). Gallus je bil upodobljen na sprednji strani zdaj zastarelega 200-tolarskega bankovca Republike Slovenije.

Sklici

Glej tudi

 Seznam slovenskih skladateljev
 Seznam glasbenikov, upodobljenih na bankovcih
 Seznam Gallusovih del

Slovenski skladatelji


text:
Heterotis is een plantensoort uit de familie Melastomataceae. Het is een rechtopstaande struik met een uiteen spreidende groeiwijze. De jonge stengels en bladstelen hebben een roze kleur.

De soort uit het geslacht komt voor van Benin tot in Nigeria en op het eiland Bioko. Hij groeit daar op rotsachtige heuvels.

Synoniemen
 Dissotis rotundifolia var. fruticosa Brenan
 Dissotis fruticosa (Brenan) Brenan & Keay

Melastomataceae


text:
Эффект Элвиса (Таксон Элвис) — это термин, используемый в палеонтологии для обозначения группы, которая была ошибочно определена как потомок другой уже вымершей, но которая действительно не имеет филогенетических отношений с предыдущей группой, и произошла от другого вида (семейства), но существа из другой линии приобрели черты первого вида (семейства)
 Подобная морфология обусловлена конвергентной эволюцией, приводящей к ошибке классификации. Это означает, что исходный таксон навсегда исчез и что определённая группа, включающая ложных потомков, является полифилетической. Имя Элвис относится к Элвису Пресли, у которого, несмотря на смерть, ещё есть подражатели.

Напротив, Эффект Лазаря — это тот, который действительно является потомком старшего, который считался вымершим из-за того, что он на некоторое время исчез из окаменелости. А таксон-зомби — это разновидность таксона Лазаря, который по ошибке считается живым в тот период, когда он уже вымер.

Термин был придуман DH Erwin и ML Droser в статье 1993 года, чтобы отличать филогенетически связанные таксоны от таксонов, которые ими не являются

«Лучше, чем продолжать традицию, которой придерживается Яблонски [в таксоне Лазаря], мы предпочитаем более актуальную номинацию и предлагаем, чтобы такие таксоны были известны как таксоны Элвиса, ссылаясь на многих подражателей Элвиса, появившихся после смерти короля».

Lobothyris subgregaria семейства Плеченогие юрского периода  является примером таксона Элвиса, когда он был первоначально классифицирован.

Примечания

Палеонтология
Эволюция


text:
William Herschel was a British astronomer and composer who became famous for discovering the planet Uranus.

William Herschel may also refer to:

 Sir William Herschel, 2nd Baronet (1833–1917), British officer

See also
William Herschel Telescope
William Herschel Museum


text:
Schaerbeek vagy Schaarbeek vasútállomás Brüsszel Schaerbeek nevű kerületében.

A város központjától északkeletre fekszik, főleg a városközpont és Leuven, Antwerpen, illetve a Brüsszeli Nemzetközi Repülőtér között közlekedő vonatokat szolgálja ki. Ezeken a vonalakon ez az első állomás, melyen a szerelvények áthaladnak az Észak-Déli összekötő vonal után (Északi, Központi és Déli pályaudvarok). Bár csak helyi vonatok állnak meg Schaerbeek-nél, az állomás számos interregionális és csúcsidőszaki járat végállomásaként is szolgál.

Az állomás viszonylag nagy, 13 peronja van, melyeket 3-tól 15-ig számoznak. Az 1-es és 2-es vágányokat régebben az utasok gépkocsijait is szállító, főleg Dél-Franciaországi célállomásokra közlekedő szerelvények részére tartották fenn. Ezeket 2000-ben a Denderleeuw vasútállomásra irányították át, végül 2003-ban megszüntették. Schaerbeek állomás délnyugatra fekszik egy kiterjedt vasútüzemi területtől, ahol egy teherpályaudvar és egy vontatási műhely is található.

A flamand neoreneszánsz stílusú, pompás állomásépület Franz Seulen építész tervezése, és két fázisban épült: a bal szárny 1890 körül, a fő (jobb) szárny 1913-ban. Az épületet műemlékké nyilvánították 1994-ben, és a homlokzatot visszaállították. Ma az épület jórészt használaton kívül van, a jegypénztárak korlátozott időtartamban tartanak nyitva hétköznap.

Az állomás előtti tér a 92-es villamos és a 69-es busz végállomásaként üzemel. Az 58-as és 59-es buszok szintén megállnak itt.

Vasútvonalak
Az állomást az alábbi vasútvonalak érintik:

Kapcsolódó állomások
Az állomáshoz az alábbi állomások vannak a legközelebb:

Fordítás

Belgium vasútállomásai
Brüsszel közlekedése
Schaerbeek
1890-ben megnyílt vasútállomások
Eklektikus stílusban épült vasútállomások
Neoreneszánsz stílusban épült vasútállomások


text:
WKZL ("1075 KZL") is a Top 40 (CHR) station licensed to Winston-Salem, North Carolina and serves the Piedmont Triad area, which also includes Greensboro and High Point. The outlet, which is owned by Dick Broadcasting, operates at 107.5 MHz with an ERP of 100 kW. It has studio facilities and offices in downtown Greensboro alongside its sister station WKRR, and a transmitter site is near Stokesdale, North Carolina.

History
In 1958, WYFS became the first Winston-Salem station to play classical music. In 1966, the station became WAAA-FM, airing the soul music of WAAA, and WFDD took over classical music.

WAAA-FM was sold to Golden Circle Broadcasting Corp. in 1971.

The station had the call letters WSGH (standing for Winston-Salem / Greensboro / High Point) during the early 1970s when its format was easy listening.

The station began stereo broadcasts in January 1975 and changed its call letters to WKZL. In 1976, WKZL moved from a 285-foot tower on Indiana Avenue to a 499-foot tower and doubled its power to 100,000 watts.

For a short period of time in the mid-1970s the station featured an eclectic blend of pop, rock and progressive rock selected at random by the hosts. DJs on the air from 1975 to 1977 included Steve Gold (Marshall), Shel Bynum, Alan Cameron, Mitch Clarke, Nick Archer, Bruce Key, Ron Spivey, Kitty Kinnin, Reid Stott, Steve Norris, and Steve Day. Production chores were handled by Jack Shaw and Rowell Gormon. The late '70s era of WKZL's programming was a mix of Top 40 and album cuts formulated into playlists based on focus groups created under the direction of eccentric owner Bob Brown.

Program hosts included Morning Show Host Doug Paul, Rod Davis, Chris Angel, Kitty Kinnin, J.J. Hemingway, DD Thornton, and Chuck Holloway, who also served as Music Director. Doug Paul served as Program Director during his time at WKZL between 1978 and 1982. During this period, the station was pioneering music research that included weekly focus groups of 18- to 49-year-old listeners assembled by Owner Bob Brown and Sharon Paul. The format of the station was a unique hybrid of Deep Tracks, Top 40 and Jazz. Local music artists were featured in the programming mix and live concerts were broadcast weekly via NBC's THE SOURCE and other radio program syndicators. Known for a keen spot production sound and aggressive demo sales, the WKZL of the late 70's won many local and regional advertising awards and had up to three full-time copywriters on staff.

Brown eventually sold WAAA to Mutter Evans, who made history at age 25 by becoming the youngest black woman to own a commercial radio station in the US. Soon afterwards Brown sold WKZL to Nationwide Broadcasting, while maintaining ownership of the building that housed both stations.

When Nationwide took control and installed Station Manager Rick Fromme and Program Director Tom Daniels, the station changed its format to the more classic AOR (Album-oriented rock) under the guidance of the radio consultant firm Burkhart/Abrams. By 1982, WKZL was known by its slogan as "North Carolina's Best Rock". The playlist was built around well-known stadium artists such as Pink Floyd, The Who, and Led Zeppelin along with Southern Rock favorites Lynyrd Skynyrd, the Allman Brothers Band, and Molly Hatchet. Heavy metal artists AC/DC, Judas Priest, Ozzy Osbourne, and copycat artists also shared the spotlight with AOR pop artists REO Speedwagon and Journey.

Some of the original staff remained - including Chuck Holloway and Kitty Kinnin - but most of the new staff brought on board came from other AOR stations. DJs included DD Thornton (WKZL DJ from August 1978 to August 1979), Danno Lopez, Charlie McGee, Tim Hogan, and Neal Cassady.

Although WKZL branded itself as a classic rock station, it also distinguished itself as a leader with a new music program launched in March 1982 called the "New Generation Show". Former WKZL DJ DD Thornton submitted a proposal for a one-hour Sunday evening show to introduce new, innovative artists to the classic rock audience. Her proposal was considered so risky WKZL had to present it to Burkhart/Abrams asking for approval. Lee Abrams granted approval to give the show a test run.

The show debuted in March 1982 on Sunday evenings from 11:00 to midnight. Among the featured artists were The Pretenders, Talking Heads, Elvis Costello, and XTC. The show became so popular that station manager Fromme decided to expand the show from 11:00 p.m. to 1:00 a.m. Around the same time, local nightclub "Casablanca" asked to try a live version of the show on Monday nights. That weekly event drew large crowds and ran for several years. Eventually the "New Generation Show" was expanded to Sundays from 10:00 p.m. to 1:00 a.m. and was live at several clubs in Winston-Salem and Greensboro.

The popularity of many of the new artists that were played on "New Generation," the introduction of MTV, and the dedication of record and radio professionals who recognized the value of these new artists, prompted WKZL to open its format a bit and bring new artists such as X, the English Beat, the Psychedelic Furs, Berlin, Gary Numan, Wall of Voodoo, Duran Duran, U2, and R.E.M., into regular rotation. Because of Thornton's persistence, R.E.M.'s song "Radio Free Europe" was allowed into WKZL's playlist, making WKZL one of the first major commercial stations to play R.E.M.'s music in high rotation.

WKZL went through a series of Program Directors grappling with the emergence of pop bands gaining popularity through MTV and how to balance these modern bands with the traditional "classic rock" format. By 1984 and before 1985 rolled along, the hard-edge sound gave way to the pop sounds of Prince, Michael Jackson, and other artists who frequented Billboard's Top 40/CHR charts. At that point, the station flipped to CHR, and is one of the two dominant CHR stations in the Piedmont Triad, with the other being WKSI. On June 1, 1985, WKZL became an affiliate of American Top 40 with Casey Kasem.

While the "New Generation Show" remained popular, as the station format and management evolved towards the mainstream formula, program creator and producer DD Thornton altered the program name to "Choice Cuts" as a way of keeping pace with WKZL's changing facade, although the show's format remained the same. Yet as WKZL's format increasingly moved away from rock and into CHR, the juxtaposition of a show featuring groundbreaking artists with formulaic hits became more incongruous. Thornton ended up canceling the show and eventually left WKZL.

For most of the 1990s, WKZL called itself "107.5 The Eagle", playing adult contemporary music. For a brief time, the station was modern adult contemporary, competing directly with "98-7 The Point" (which changed to variety hits in 2005). Eventually the decision was made to return to Top 40. That came in 1999, around Labor Day weekend, when the station stunted, with recordings by management saying that the station was underperforming and that all the deejays were suspended until a new plan could be worked out. Morning man Jack Murphy was with the station from 1993 until 2012. The core of the Murphy in the Morning Show for most of the 1990s was Jack, joined by Terrie Knight (who also did news) and Chris Kelly (who also produced the show). Eric Christopher (1996-1998) was a weekend part-timer who became the morning show producer. Knight and Kelly exited in 1999, when Kelly went to do the "2 Guys Named Chris" show on Dick Broadcasting's other property, Rock 92 (WKRR). Knight went to do afternoons (at KZL), where she stayed until 2005 when she left the station and radio, altogether. Following Kelly and Knight, Jack Murphy was joined by cohosts Jeff Corbett, Britt Whitmire (1999-2003), Heather B. (2000-2002), Josie Cothran (2002–2007), John Garrett (2003-2004), Josh "in the Box" Anderson (2004-2010), Jared Pike (2007-current) and Katie O'Brien Tesh (2005-current).

Jared and Katie in the Morning, hosted by Jared Pike and Katie Tesh took over in June 2012 and are joined on air by Jason Goodman, Man Kisser Matt and Intern Squidward. Jared and Katie in the Morning have won the North Carolina Association of Broadcasters Morning Show of the Year for a large market in 2017 and again in 2021. Jared and Katie in the Morning are syndicated to Savannah, Georgia and Myrtle Beach, South Carolina. Jared and Katie in the Morning are known for their humor, on-air banter, War of the Roses, Pop Quiz, Torture Tuesday, Why Are You In Court Today and scoring large celebrity interviews including Miley Cyrus, Bill and Hillary Clinton, Joe Biden and Barack Obama.

1075 WKZL was a finalist for the national Marconi Awards for best CHR station in the country for 3 straight years - 2018, 2019 and 2020.

Controversy
In August 2015, Jared Pike and Jason Goodman were suspended after an on-air altercation erupted during "the baby bottle challenge." After apologizing to the staff and to their audience they were back on the air a week later.

References

External links

KZL
Contemporary hit radio stations in the United States


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This page is the discography of the Greek-Georgian pop singer Tamta. It consists of three albums and thirty-two singles, including her Eurovision Song Contest 2019 song "Replay".

Albums

Studio albums

Compilation albums

Extended plays

Singles

As lead artist

As featured artist

Music videos

References

Discographies of Greek artists
Pop music discographies


text:
Tratatul de la Trianon a fost semnat la data de 4 iunie 1920 între Puterile Aliate învingătoare în Primul Război Mondial și Ungaria, în calitate de stat succesor al Imperiului Austro-Ungar, stat învins în Primul Război Mondial. Tratatul a fost semnat în Palatul Marele Trianon de la Versailles de către 16 state aliate (inclusiv România), pe de o parte, și de Ungaria, de altă parte.

Tratatul a fost semnat pentru a stabili frontierele noului stat Ungaria cu vecinii săi: Austria, Regatul Sârbilor, Croaților și Slovenilor (stat devenit ulterior Iugoslavia), România și Cehoslovacia. Tratatul de la Trianon a făcut parte din seria tratatelor încheiate la finalul Primului Război Mondial, celelalte fiind tratatele de pace încheiate de Puterile Aliate cu Germania (la Versailles, în 28 iunie 1919), Austria (la Saint Germain en Laye, în 10 septembrie 1919), Bulgaria (la Neuilly, în 27 noiembrie 1919) și cu Turcia (la Sèvres, semnat la 4 iunie 1920 și repudiat apoi, fiind înlocuit cu tratatul de la Lausanne).

Conținutul tratatului

Tratatul este divizat în patru părți. Prima parte include Pactul Ligii Națiunilor (parte comună pentru toate tratatele de pace încheiate după Primul Război Mondial).

Partea a doua (articolele 27-35) definește frontierele Ungariei cu statele vecine. În principiu, acestea sunt actualele frontiere ale Ungariei. Frontiera româno-ungară este descrisă în secțiunea a doua a articolului 27 (traseul actualei frontiere între România și Ungaria).

În principiu, Tratatul consfințea includerea teritoriului Croației-Slavoniei (partea de nord a Republicii Croația) și Voivodinei (inclusiv treimea de vest a Banatului) în cadrul Regatului Sârbilor, Croaților și Slovenilor, a Slovaciei și Ruteniei (azi: Republica Slovacia și, respectiv, Regiunea Transcarpatia din Ucraina) în cadrul Cehoslovaciei, a Transilvaniei și părții răsăritene a Banatului în cadrul României și a Burgenlandului în cadrul Republicii Austriei.

Partea a treia (articolele 36-78), intitulată "Clauze politice pentru Europa", conținea o serie de clauze privind, pe de o parte, cadrul bilateral al relațiilor dintre Ungaria și statele vecine, recunoașterea unor clauze politice privind anumite state din Europa (Belgia, Luxemburg etc.), dispoziții referitoare la cetățenie, protecția minorităților naționale.

Partea a patra (articolele 79-101), intitulată "Interesele Ungariei în afara Europei", conținea prevederi referitoare la renunțarea de către Ungaria la tratatele încheiate de către Dubla Monarhie cu Maroc, Egipt, Siam (Thailanda de azi) și China.

Aplicarea dispozițiilor tratatului

Frontierele Ungariei cu statele vecine, astfel cum au fost descrise în tratat, au fost delimitate în anii imediat următori. Singura excepție a fost orașul Sopron (în limba germană Ödenburg) din Burgenland, care, în urma unui plebiscit ținut la data de 14 decembrie 1921, a decis să rămână parte a Ungariei.

Dispozițiile tratatului referitoare la minoritățile din Ungaria au fost aplicate parțial, astfel că procesul de asimilare a acestora a continuat, Ungaria fiind, în prezent, unul din statele cele mai omogene etnic din Europa.

Impactul tratatului

Tratatul de la Trianon, deși a consfințit existența unui stat maghiar independent, ideal al revoluționarilor maghiari de la 1848 și al oamenilor politici maghiari în perioada de sfârșit a Dublei Monarhii, a făcut acest lucru in frontiere drastic reduse. Din acest motiv, Tratatul a fost și continuă să fie perceput în mentalul colectiv maghiar drept o catastrofă. Din această perspectivă Tratatul de la Trianon reprezintă doar actul care a consfințit sfârșitul regatului Sfântului Ștefan, regat care, de facto, dispăruse în secolul al XVI-lea, prin înfrângerea de la Mohács și divizarea teritoriilor sale între Imperiul Otoman și Sfântul Imperiu Roman (devenit ulterior Austria și, în 1867, Dubla Monarhie, Austro-Ungaria), dar care, formal, a continuat să existe, împărații de la Viena purtând până la sfârșit și titlul de regi apostolici ai Ungariei.

Tratatul de la Trianon a consfințit trecerea către statele succesoare sau vecine a 71% din teritoriul Transleithaniei (partea ungară a Dublei Monarhii) și a 63% din populație, aceasta din urmă, în majoritatea ei, alcătuită din etnici ne-maghiari. Totuși, traseul noilor frontiere, în multe cazuri, nu s-a suprapus granițelor etnice (din motive obiective, dată fiind imposibilitatea delimitării exacte a regiunilor cu populație amestecată), astfel că peste sau 2.535.000 de etnici maghiari au ajuns în afara teritoriului Ungariei, majoritatea lor trăind de-a lungul granițelor din statele succesoare noi.

Tratatul nu a ocupat un rol la fel de important în conștiința populației statelor succesoare sau vecine; în principiu, pentru acestea Tratatul de la Trianon a consfințit realizarea dreptului la autodeterminare al popoarelor din Transleithania (partea ungară a Dublei Monarhii) și a consfințit o realitate existentă pe teren (majoritatea teritoriilor fuseseră deja ocupate de către forțele armate ale României, Cehoslovaciei și Regatului Sârbilor, Croaților și Slovenilor).

Deși istoriografia maghiară și unii oameni politici maghiari au susținut că Dubla Monarhie reprezentase o soluție mai echitabilă pentru minorități și că slovacii, croații, rutenii, românii din Transilvania ar fi fost mai favorizați în cadrul Dublei Monarhii decât în statele succesoare, nici un grup etnic din Dubla Monarhie nu a susținut revenirea la starea de lucruri anterioară Primului Război Mondial. Deși slovacii și croații au urmărit să obțină independența aproape imediat după 1920, scopul lor era crearea propriilor state naționale, ideal realizat abia după 1990.

Regatul Ungariei, statul rezultat în urma Primului Război Mondial, a urmărit revizuirea, fie și parțială, a Tratatului de la Trianon, aliindu-se, în acest scop, cu statele revizioniste, Germania și Italia. Deși în perioada 1938-1941 s-a reușit anexarea unor teritorii care aparținuseră Dublei Monarhii (1938 - sudul Slovaciei, 1939 - Ucraina Subcarpatică, 1940 - nordul Transilvaniei, 1941 - teritorii aflate azi în Serbia, Croația și Slovenia), frontierele de la Trianon au fost consfințite din nou în anul 1947, prin Tratatul de Pace de la Paris (10 februarie 1947), încheiat între Puterile Aliate și Ungaria.

Semnarea Tratatului și ratificarea acestuia
Tratatul de Pace de la Trianon a fost semnat la 4 iunie 1920 de Franța, Marea Britanie, Italia, Statele Unite, Japonia, România, Regatul Sârbilor, Croaților și Slovenilor, Cehoslovacia și alte nouă state - pe de o parte - și de Ungaria, pe de altă parte, aceasta fiind reprezentată de Agost Benárd și Alfréd Drasche-Lázár. Din partea României Tratatul a fost semnat de dr. Ion  Cantacuzino, ministru de stat și Nicolae Titulescu, fost ministru.

Tratatul a fost ratificat de Marea Britanie în mai 1921 și de Franța în iunie 1921. Cu ocazia dezbaterilor referitoare la ratificarea de către Franța, Aristide Briand a confirmat frontierele fixate pentru România și integritatea sa teritorială, spunând:

"Franța nu va interveni niciodată împreună cu guvernele aliate și prietene, pentru a dăuna dreptului României la suveranitate națională, oricât de puțin."

Extrase

Part V-VIII

Referințe

Legături externe
 Textul tratatului în limba engleză
 Trianon, 91 de ani: nostalgii în județul Covasna, 4 iunie 2011, Adevărul
 Ungaria agită Trianonul în numele "unității tuturor maghiarilor" , 23 mai 2010, Adevărul
 Consecințele Tratatului de la Trianon pentru români și maghiari | Larry Watts, 13 aprilie 2013, Adevărul
 Bătălia pentru Transilvania și Trianonul: Cum a învins România la masa negocierilor Ungaria, 12 septembrie 2013, Adevărul - articol Historia

1920 în Europa
1920 în Franța
Evoluția teritorială a României
Istoria Europei
Istoria României Mari (1918-1939)
Marea Unire
România în Primul Război Mondial
^
Trianon, Tratatul de la
Tratate ale României


text:
"Monumente budiste in regiunea Hōryū-ji" este denumirea unui loc din Patrimoniul Mondial UNESCO, situat în Japonia, care include 48 de clădiri în regiunea templelor budiste Hōryū-ji și Hokki-ji din orașul Ikaruga (prefectura Nara). Acest loc este înregistrat în lista Patrimoniului Mondial UNESCO din anul 1993. Lista cuprinde 21 de clădiri din  a templului Hōryū-ji, 9 clădiri din  a templului, 17  și construcții auxiliare (locuințele călugărilor, biblioteci et.), precum și pagoda din Hokki-ji. Din cele 48 de clădiri, 28 au fost construite înainte sau pe parcursul secolului VIII: Kondō (sala principală), Gojunotō (pagoda cu cinci nivele), Chūmon (poarțile interioare) și Kairō (galeria acoperită) de la Horyu-ji, precum și Sanjunotō (pagoda cu trei nivele) de la Hokki-ji. Acestea pot fi cele mai vechi clădiri din lemn din lume.

Lista de monumente

Vezi și
Lista de locuri din Partimoniul Mondial din Japonia

Note

Patrimoniul mondial în Japonia
Regiunea Kansai


text:
Yellowknife (in tlicho Sǫǫ̀mbak'è) è una città del Canada, capoluogo dei Territori del Nord-Ovest, dei quali è la sola città con una popolazione superiore a  abitanti.

Geografia fisica

Situata sulla costa nord del Grande Lago degli Schiavi sulla riva ovest della Baia di Yellowknife vicino alla foce del fiume Yellowknife, Yellowknife ha un clima subartico e le precipitazioni medie inferiori a 300 mm all'anno, la città si trova all'ombra pluviometra per via delle catene montuose ad ovest.

Grazie alla sua vicinanza al lago, Yellowknife ha una stagione al riparo dal gelo che in media dura poco più di cento giorni. La maggior parte delle precipitazioni limitate cade tra giugno e ottobre, con aprile è il mese più asciutto dell'anno e agosto è il più piovoso. La neve che cade in inverno si accumula sul terreno fino al disgelo in primavera.

Storia
Yellowknife, vale a dire "coltello giallo", ha questo nome a causa dei coltelli di rame usati dalle popolazioni Chipewyan e Dene che si stabilirono nell'area nel primo XIX secolo. La popolazione odierna è etnicamente mista. Delle otto lingue ufficiali dei Territori del Nord-Ovest, cinque vengono parlate da un numero significativo di locutori a Yellowknife: Chipewyan, Tlicho, Slavey meridionale e settentrionale, inglese e francese.

Voci correlate
 Yellowknives
 Cintura di rocce verdi di Yellowknife

Altri progetti

Collegamenti esterni


text:
Lillebror och Karlsson (, Malysj i Karlson) är en 19 minuter lång sovjetisk tecknad film producerad av Sojuzmultfilm 1968. Den bygger på Astrid Lindgrens bok Lillebror och Karlsson på taket. 1970 hade uppföljaren Karlsson är tillbaka premiär.

Handling
En sjuårig pojke, det yngsta barnet i familjen, har tråkigt i sin ensamhet när plötsligt en person med propeller på ryggen flyger in genom hans fönster och presenterar sig som: "Karlson på taket".

Röster
 Klara Rumjanova - Lillebror
 Vasilij Livanov - Karlsson / Lillebrors pappa
 Valentina Leontieva - Lillebrors mamma
 Maria Vinogradova - buse / valps ägare

Källor

Externa länkar

 Malysj i Karlson på animator.ru (ryska)
 Karlson på taket på nashfilm.ru (ryska)

Astrid Lindgren-filmatiseringar
Filmer 1968
Animerade kortfilmer
Sovjetiska kortfilmer
Ryskspråkiga filmer


text:
Lavaca County is een van de 254 county's in de Amerikaanse staat Texas.

De county heeft een landoppervlakte van 2.512 km² en telt 19.210 inwoners (volkstelling 2000). De hoofdplaats is Hallettsville.

Bevolkingsontwikkeling

County in Texas