text:
Oltre ad essere un bassista molto richiesto, Pratt è compositore di musiche e testi. È stato il bassista del gruppo musicale Icehouse.

Carriera
Oltre ad esser stato membro dei già citati Icehouse, Pratt è meglio conosciuto per il suo lavoro come session man. Ha lavorato, tra gli altri, con Madonna, Jimmy Nail, Natalie Imbruglia, Michael Jackson, Ronan Keating, Rod Stewart, Dana Gillespie, Robert Palmer, Deborah Harry, Stephen Duffy e anche in Italia con Paola & Chiara.

Dal 1994 ha suonato il basso per Bryan Ferry e poi accompagnato nel suo tour solista in tutta Europa.

Ha calcato il grande palcoscenico come bassista dei Pink Floyd dal 1987, scelto dopo il definitivo abbandono di Roger Waters avvenuto nel 1985. Ha collaborato con loro nei tour Delicate Sound of Thunder del 1987, 1988 e 1989 facendo apprezzare le sue qualità e la sua maturità come bassista nonostante la giovane età, e successivamente in Pulse del 1994. In questi tour inoltre è voce corale in Another Brick in the Wall Part 2, Us and Them, Comfortably Numb e Run Like Hell.

Con David Gilmour ha suonato il basso e la chitarra ritmica nel suo album da solista On a Island del 2006 e nell'On a Island Tour dello stesso anno, dal quale verranno ricavati due doppi DVD Remember that Night e Live in Gdansk.

Dal 2018 collabora con Nick Mason nel ruolo di bassista della band "Nick Mason's Saucerful of Secrets", che ripropone dal vivo il catalogo dei Pink Floyd antecedente la pubblicazione di The Dark Side of the Moon. Nella band compare anche Gary Kemp degli Spandau Ballet nel ruolo di voce e chitarra.

Vita privata
È figlio dell'attore Mike Pratt. Nel 1996 sposa Gala Wright, figlia del tastierista dei Pink Floyd, Richard Wright.

Discografia

 1984 – Sidewalk – Icehouse
 1985 – Riptide – Robert Palmer
 1985 – The Dream Academy – The Dream Academy
 1986 – Measure for Measure – Icehouse
 1987 – Luz Y Sombra – Flans
 1987 – Remembrance Days – The Dream Academy
 1987 – Bête Noire – Bryan Ferry
 1988 – One More Story – Peter Cetera
 1988 – Delicate Sound of Thunder – Pink Floyd
 1989 – Kite – Kirsty MacColl
 1989 – Like a Prayer – Madonna
 1990 – Wild and Lonely – Associates
 1990 – Blue Pearl – Blue Pearl
 1990 – I'm Breathless – Madonna
 1990 – Don't Explain – Robert Palmer
 1990 – Toy Matinee – Toy Matinee
 1991 – Pop Life – Bananarama
 1991 – Ripe – Banderas
 1991 – Long Road – Junior Reid
 1991 – Electric Landlady – Kirsty MacColl
 1991 – Storyville – Robbie Robertson
 1991 – A Different Kind of Weather – The Dream Academy
 1991 – The Orb's Adventures Beyond the Ultraworld – The Orb
 1992 – Masterfile – Icehouse
 1992 – Growing Up in Public – Jimmy Nail
 1992 – Ridin' High – Robert Palmer
 1992 – U.F.Orb – The Orb
 1993 – Debravation – Debbie Harry
 1993 – Donna De Lory – Donna De Lory
 1993 – Last Action Hero - L'ultimo grande eroe – (colonna sonora di Michael Kamen)
 1993 – Call Me Nightlife – Nokko
 1993 – Elemental – Tears for Fears
 1994 – Billy Pilgrim – Billy Pilgrim
 1994 – Mamouna – Bryan Ferry
 1994 – Well... – Katey Sagal
 1994 – The Division Bell – Pink Floyd
 1994 – Heitor – T.P. Heitor
 1994 – The Next Hundred Years – Ted Hawkins
 1994 – Meanwhile – Third Matinee
 1994 – Fruit of Life – Wild Colonials
 1995 – Euroflake in Silverlake – Gregory Gray
 1995 – HIStory: Past, Present and Future - Book I – Michael Jackson
 1995 – Pulse – Pink Floyd
 1995 – A Spanner in the Works – Rod Stewart
 1996 – Raise the Pressure – Electronic
 1997 – Dark Days in Paradise – Gary Moore
 1997 – It's So Different Here – Gota Yashiki
 1997 – Blood on the Dance Floor: HIStory in the Mix – Michael Jackson
 1997 – Restless Heart – Whitesnake
 1998 – Messiah Meets Progenitor – Messiah
 1998 – The Ted Hawkins Story: Suffer No More – Ted Hawkins
 1999 – What Are You Going to Do with Your Life? – Echo & the Bunnymen
 1999 – Michael Hutchence – Michael Hutchence
 1999 – Reload – Tom Jones
 2000 – Lemonjelly.ky – Lemon Jelly
 2000 – Ronan – Ronan Keating
 2000 – Somewhere in the Sun: Best of the Dream Academy – The Dream Academy
 2001 – Born – bond
 2001 – Crystal Days: 1979-1999 – Echo & the Bunnymen
 2001 – Bring Down the Moon – Naimee Coleman
 2001 – White Lilies Island – Natalie Imbruglia
 2001 – Echoes: The Best of Pink Floyd – Pink Floyd
 2001 – Read My Lips – Sophie Ellis-Bextor
 2001 – Mixed Up World Pt. 2 – Sophie Ellis-Bextor
 2001 – They Called Him Tin Tin – Stephen Duffy
 2001 – Mink Car – They Might Be Giants
 2001 – Toy Matinee: Special Edition – Toy Matinee
 2002 – Watching Angels Mend – Alex Lloyd
 2002 – Shine – bond
 2002 – Lost Horizons – Lemon Jelly
 2002 – Festival – Paola & Chiara
 2002 – Best of Both Worlds: The Robert Palmer Anthology (1974-2001) – Robert Palmer
 2003 – Journey into Paradise – Dr. Alex Paterson
 2003 – Measure for Measure/Primitive Man – Icehouse
 2003 – The Outer Marker – Just Jack
 2003 – Shoot from the Hip – Sophie Ellis-Bextor
 2003 – Reload – Tom Jones
 2004 – Mistaken Identity – Delta Goodrem
 2004 – Live at Montreux, 1990 – Gary Moore
 2005 – Explosive: The Best of bond – bond
 2005 – A Million in Prizes: The Anthology – Iggy Pop
 2005 – Remembrance Days/A Different Kind of Weather – The Dream Academy
 2006 – On an Island – David Gilmour
 2006 – So Still – Mozez
 2006 – Living in a Giant Candle – Transit Kings
 2007 – Dylanesque – Bryan Ferry
 2008 – Live in Gdańsk – David Gilmour
 2015 – Rattle That Lock – David Gilmour
 2017 – Live at Pompeii – David Gilmour
 2020 – Live at the Roundhouse – Nick Mason's Saucerful of Secrets

Altri progetti

Collegamenti esterni

Comici britannici
Pink Floyd


text:
Chiesa di Sant'Onofrio – chiesa di Ascoli Piceno
 Chiesa di Sant'Onofrio – chiesa di Casalvecchio Siculo
 Chiesa di Sant'Onofrio – chiesa di Cerreto Sannita
 Chiesa di Sant'Onofrio – chiesa di Firenze
 Chiesa di Sant'Onofrio – chiesa di Sant'Onofrio, frazione di Lanciano in provincia di Chieti
 Chiesa di Sant'Onofrio – chiesa di Malfa
 Chiesa di Sant'Onofrio Re – chiesa di Palermo
 Chiesa di Sant'Onofrio al Gianicolo – chiesa-convento di Roma
 Chiesa di Sant'Onofrio dei Vecchi – chiesa monumentale di Napoli

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Bjurholm Municipality () is a municipality in Västerbotten County in northern Sweden. Its seat is located in Bjurholm.

The present municipality has the same territory as the one instituted in 1863, when the municipal system was implemented in Sweden. Between 1974 and 1983 it was, however, part of Vännäs Municipality. The split in 1983 made Bjurholm the least populated of all Swedish municipalities, and the population is still decreasing.

Locality

There is only one locality (or urban area) in Bjurholm Municipality:

Politics
Result of the 2010 election:
 Moderate Party 26,58%
 Centre Party 14,13%
 Liberal People's Party 8,07%
 Christian Democrats 6,50%
 Swedish Social Democratic Party 36,15%
 Left Party 	3,56%
 Green Party 1,94%
 Sweden Democrats 2,44%
 Other Parties 0,63%

Sister cities
Bjurholm Municipality has two sister cities:

 Bardu, Norway
 Kuivaniemi, Finland

Notable native
Warner Oland, actor

References

External links

Bjurholm Municipality  - Official site

Municipalities of Västerbotten County


text:
Grzegorz Banaszak (ur. 1958) – polski matematyk, profesor nauk matematycznych. Specjalizuje się w geometrii algebraicznej, algebraicznej K-teorii, algebraicznej teorii liczb oraz arytmetycznej geometrii algebraicznej. Profesor zwyczajny na Wydziale Matematyki i Informatyki Uniwersytetu im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu, gdzie pracuje jako kierownik Zakładu Arytmetycznej Geometrii Algebraicznej.

Życiorys zawodowy
Studia z matematyki ukończył na poznańskim UAM w 1982, gdzie obronił pracę magisterską przygotowaną pod kierunkiem prof. Włodzimierza Stasia. Stopień doktorski uzyskał w 1990 roku w Ohio State University na podstawie rozprawy pt. Algebraic K-theory of number fields and rings of integers and the Stickelberger ideal, przygotowanej pod kierunkiem prof. Warrena Sinnotta. Staż podoktorski odbył na kanadyjskim Uniwersytecie McMaster (1991-1993). W latach 1993-1994 pracował jako adiunkt n Uniwersytecie Szczecińskim. Od 1994 pracuje na macierzystym UAM, zdobywając kolejne awanse akademickie. Habilitował się w 1997 w Instytucie Matematycznym PAN na podstawie oceny dorobku naukowego i pracy pt. Systemy Eluera elementy podzielne w algebraicznej K-teorii ciał liczbowych i ich związek z klasycznymi hipotezami arytmetyki. Tytuł naukowy profesora nauk matematycznych otrzymał w 2007 roku.

Współautor (wraz z W. Gajdą) podręcznika akademickiego pt. Elementy algebry liniowej (Wydawnictwa Naukowo-Techniczne 2002, ). Artykuły publikował w takich czasopismach jak m.in. "Annals of Mathematics", "Compositio Mathematica", "Journal fur die reine angewandte Mathematik", "Documenta Mathematica", "Tohoku Mathematical Journal", "Commentarii Mathematici Helvetici", "Journal of Number Theory", "Acta Arithmetica", "Comptes Rendus de l'Académie des Sciences, Paris", "Journal of Pure and Applied Algebra", "Indiana University Mathematics Journal", "Contemporary Mathematics AMS", "Communications in Number Theory and Physics", "Journal of K-Theory", "Reports on Mathematical Physics" oraz "Open Systems & Information Dynamics".

Należy do Polskiego Towarzystwa Matematycznego oraz Amerykańskiego Towarzystwa Matematycznego.

Przypisy

Polscy matematycy XX wieku
Polscy matematycy XXI wieku
Urodzeni w 1958
Wykładowcy Wydziału Matematyki i Informatyki Uniwersytetu im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu


text:
Snam Rete Gas è una società che appartiene alla holding Snam, già del gruppo ENI, da cui si è scorporata il 1º gennaio 2012.
Si occupa di trasporto del gas naturale.
Opera esclusivamente in Italia, dove ha una rete di gasdotti che misura 32.625 chilometri (bilancio 2018).

Storia
La società venne costituita il 30 ottobre 1941 come Snam, il 1º giugno 2001 diventa Snam Rete Gas: quindi fino al 31 dicembre 2011 la sua storia è uguale a quella della sua controllante.

Dal 1º gennaio 2012 l'holding cambia nome in Snam e conferisce alla nuova società Snam Rete Gas il ramo d'azienda che include il trasporto, dispacciamento, telecontrollo e misura del gas, diventando così un Operatore Indipendente in osservanza del Decreto Legislativo 1º giugno 2011, n. 93, che ha recepito le direttive 2009/72/CE e 2009/73/CE relative alle norme comuni per il mercato interno dell'energia elettrica e del gas naturale.

Loghi

Note

Collegamenti esterni

Snam
Distributori di gas italiani


text:
Nikita Gennadjevitsj Katsalapov (Russisch: Никита Геннадьевич Кацалапов) (Moskou, 10 juli 1991) is een Russisch kunstschaatser die actief is in de discipline ijsdansen. Met schaatspartner Jelena Ilinych won Katsalapov tijdens de Olympische Spelen in Sotsji brons bij het ijsdansen en goud bij de landenwedstrijd. Sinds het seizoen 2014/15 schaatst hij met Viktoria Sinitsina.

Biografie

Katsalapov begon in 1995 met kunstschaatsen. Doordat hij moeite had met enkele sprongen stapte hij over op het ijsdansen. In het begin van zijn carrière werd hij al gekoppeld aan schaatsster Jelena Ilinych; ze beëindigden in 2005 voor de eerste keer de samenwerking.

Tot 2008 trainde hij met Angelina Kabysjeva. In 2008 begon een hernieuwde samenwerking met Ilinych. Ilinych en Katsalapov werden in 2010 wereldkampioen bij de junioren. Ze namen bij de senioren vier keer deel aan zowel de wereldkampioenschappen als de Europese kampioenschappen (2x zilver, 1x brons). Daarnaast veroverden ze olympisch brons bij het ijsdansen op de Olympische Winterspelen 2014 in Sotsji. Bij de landenwedstrijd eindigde het Russische team op de eerste plek en dus werden Ilinych en Katsalapov, die daar ook deel van uitmaakten, olympisch kampioen. In 2014 ging Katsalapov een samenwerking aan met Viktoria Sinitsina. Ze eindigden als 4e bij de EK 2016 en als 9e bij de WK 2016.

Katsalapov en Sinitsina hebben ook buiten het ijs een relatie. Ze trouwden op 2 oktober 2022.

Belangrijke resultaten
 2008-2014 met Jelena Ilinych, 2014-2021 met Viktoria Sinitsina

Russisch kunstrijder
Russisch olympisch kampioen
Olympisch kampioen namens Russisch Olympisch Comité


text:
Roščino (già Raivola fino al 1948) è una cittadina della Russia europea nordoccidentale, situata nella oblast' di Leningrado (rajon Vyborgskij).

Fino al 1948 appartenne alla Finlandia (governatorato di Vyborg), con il nome di Raivola.

Note

Altri progetti

Collegamenti esterni

Centri abitati del Vyborgskij rajon


text:
Manuel Edfelder (* 20. Januar 1996 in Bad Reichenhall) ist ein deutscher Eishockeyspieler auf der Position des Stürmers, der seit 2021 erneut bei den Starbulls Rosenheim in der Eishockey-Oberliga spielt.

Karriere

Manuel Edfelder wurde in Bad Reichenhall geboren und wuchs auch dort auf. Bis 2013 durchlief er die Nachwuchsmannschaften des EV Berchtesgaden, ehe er in den Nachwuchsbereich der Starbulls Rosenheim wechselte. Mit der Juniorenmannschaft der Starbulls spielte er in den folgenden zwei Jahren in der DNL, ehe er während der Saison 2014/15 für die Profimannschaft des Klubs in der DEL2 debütierte. 2017 erhielt er einen Vertrag bei der Düsseldorfer EG aus der DEL, trat diesen jedoch nicht an und wechselte stattdessen zum EC Bad Tölz.

2021 kehrte er zu seinem Heimatverein zurück.

International

Edfelder nahm 2014 mit der deutschen U18-Nationalmannschaft an der U18-Junioren-Weltmeisterschaft teil und belegte mit dem Nationalteam den neunten Platz. Anschließend kam er in der U19- und U20-Nationalmannschaft zum Einsatz. Mit letzterer spielte er 2016 bei der U20-Weltmeisterschaft der Division I und belegte Rang fünf.

Weblinks

Einzelnachweise

Eishockeyspieler (Starbulls Rosenheim)
Eishockeyspieler (EC Bad Tölz)
Deutscher
Geboren 1996
Mann


text:
Stylocoronella riedli är en nässeldjursart som beskrevs av Luitfried von Salvini-Plawen 1966. Stylocoronella riedli ingår i släktet Stylocoronella och familjen Lucernariidae. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.

Källor

Externa länkar

Bägarmaneter
riedli


text:
Caratteristiche tecniche
È un terzino sinistro.

Carriera
Cresciuto nel settore giovanile dell', inizia la propria carriera nel 2017 al , dove debutta il 4 febbraio in occasione dell'incontro di Football League Two perso 2-0 contro l'.

Statistiche
Statistiche aggiornate al 7 agosto 2021.

Presenze e reti nei club

Collegamenti esterni

Calciatori inglesi


text:
Boarmia zernyaria är en fjärilsart som beskrevs av Charles E. Rungs 1946. Boarmia zernyaria ingår i släktet Boarmia och familjen mätare. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.

Källor

Mätare
zernyaria


text:
La   division d'infanterie (en allemand : 717. Infanterie-Division ou 717. ID) est une des divisions d'infanterie de l'armée allemande (Wehrmacht) durant la Seconde Guerre mondiale.

Création
La 717. Infanterie-Division est formée le  dans l'ouest de l'Autriche avec du personnel venant du Wehrkreis XVII en tant qu'élément de la 15. Welle ( de mobilisation).

Elle est transférée en  en Yougoslavie où elle prend part à des opérations de sécurité et de luttes anti-partisanes.

Pendant ses opérations en Serbie, son Infanterie-Regiment 749 avec l'Infanterie-Regiment 724 de la 704. Infanterie-Division prennent part aux massacres de plus de 2 300 civils de la ville de Kragujevac le 20 et  en représailles d'attaques de partisans. Ce crime de guerre est connu sous le nom de massacre de Kragujevac.

Le , elle est réorganisée et renommée 117. Jäger-Division.

Organisation

Commandants

Officiers d'opérations (Generalstabsoffiziere (Ia))

Théâtres d'opérations
 Allemagne :  -
 Serbie et Croatie :  -
 Opérations anti-partisans en Croatie
 Opération Foča
 Opération Fruška Gora

Ordres de bataille
1941
 Infanterie-Regiment 737
 Infanterie-Regiment 749
 Artillerie-Abteilung 670
 Pionier-Kompanie 717
 Nachrichten-Kompanie 717
 Versorgungseinheiten 717

Articles connexes
 Liste des divisions allemandes de la Seconde Guerre mondiale

Liens externes
  717. Infanterie-Division sur lexikon-der-wehrmacht

Division d'infanterie de la Wehrmacht


text:
Charles Louis Auguste Fouquet, duc de Belle-Isle (22 September 168426 January 1761) was a French general and statesman.

Life and career
Born in Villefranche-de-Rouergue, Belle-Isle was the grandson of Nicolas Fouquet, who served as Superintendent of Finances under Louis XIV. His family was in disgrace because of Fouquet's brash ambition in the eyes of Louis XIV. Determined to blot out his family's prior disgrace, he entered the army at an early age and was made proprietary colonel of a dragoon regiment in 1708. He rose during the War of the Spanish Succession to the rank of brigadier, and in March 1718 to that of Maréchal de Camp. He was present at the capture of Fuenterrabía in 1718 and of San Sebastián in 1719 during the War of the Quadruple Alliance (1718–1720.)

Aided by the rise of Cardinal Fleury, Belle-Isle was made lieutenant-général, and grew in influence over French military policy.
In the War of the Polish Succession he commanded a corps under the orders of Marshal Berwick, capturing Trier and Traben-Trarbach and taking part in the Siege of Philippsburg in 1734.
When peace was made in 1736, Louis XV gave Belle-Isle the governments of three important fortresses: Metz, Toul, and Verdun offices that he would hold until his death. This was in recognition of both his military services and of his taking part in the negotiations for the cession of Lorraine.

Belle-Isle's military and political reputation was now at its height, and he was one of the government's principal advisers on military and diplomatic affairs. In 1741 he was sent on diplomatic mission to Frankfurt, Germany as French Plenipotentiary to carry out, in the interests of France, a grand scheme of political reorganization in the moribund empire, and especially to obtain the election of Charles Albert, Elector of Bavaria as emperor. The long tradition of Franco-Austrian rivalry had crystallized around Belle-Isle, who had emerged as the leader of the bellicose bloc of French policy makers towards the House of Austria.
In the eventful year of 1741, he was at the masthead of French interventionist policy in Germany—characterized by scholar Richard Lodge as a "scheme for the humiliation of the House of Austria,"—and of the beginnings of the War of the Austrian Succession. French aggression was in large part made possible by the precedent set by the Frederick II of Prussia and his conquest of Silesia. France's initial victories—including the election of Charles Albert to Holy Roman Emperor—were short lived, and by 1743 the war was proving to be very disappointing for France, as Belle-Isle's military command in Germany was full of setbacks and losses. His aggressive strategy towards Austria was predicated on the swift defeat of an impotent and disorganized Austria, along with the lynchpin that was Franco-Prussian alliance.

Belle-Isle was named Maréchal de France in 1741 and received control of a large army, with which it is said that he promised to make peace in three months under the walls of Vienna. The truth of this story is open to question, for no one knew better than Belle-Isle the limitations imposed upon commanders by the military and political circumstances of the times. He was, according to one scholar, "the most important single influence on French policy in the crucial year of 1741."

However, the circumstances in which he found himself severely limited his efforts both as a general and as a statesman. Following his initial victories, Belle-Isle suffered regression and defeat. This was at least partly because Frederick the Great, having already accomplished his aims, pulled Prussia out of the war prematurely, leaving Belle-Isle at the mercy of a much larger Austrian army. Despite the desperate circumstances, however, the daring French retreat from Prague would distinguish Belle-Isle's military brilliance and bravery. In ten days he led 14,000 men—5000 men stayed in the city under the command of François de Chevert—into and across the Upper Palatine Forest whilst being harassed by the enemy's light cavalry and suffering great hardships. But by never allowing himself to be cut off, he was able to reach the relative safety of Eger, after losing 1500 men. His subordinate, François de Chevert, and his 5000 men, defended Prague so well that the Austrians allowed them to leave the city through an honourable capitulation. The means by which this was obtained supposedly included Chevert threatening to burn down the city.

The campaign, however, had discredited Belle-Isle; he was ridiculed in Paris and Fleury is said to have turned against him, and to complete his misfortunes, he was taken prisoner by the English in going from Cassel to Berlin through Hanover.

He was forced to remain a year in England, in spite of the demands of Louis XV and the Emperor Charles VII. During the French campaigns of 1746–47, Belle-Isle was in command at the Alpine frontier. There his younger brother, the Chevalier de Belle-Isle, served under his command. The younger Belle-Isle led the French army sent to invade Piedmont where he was killed at the Battle of Assietta. Following the defeat, French forces were weakened and demoralized. However, the older Belle-Isle still managed to repel a follow-up invasion of the Provence by Austrian and Italian forces and pushed the fighting back into the plain of Lombardy. At the peace, having thus retrieved his military reputation from the disasters of 1742–43, Belle-Isle was made a Peer of France in 1748. King Louis XV would make him Secretary of State for War in 1758, a position Belle-Isle would hold until his death in 1761.

During his three years as Secretary of War, Belle-Isle undertook many reforms. Most Important was the development of a French military school for officers, seeing as the officer corps was shown to be inadequate during the wars of the past few decades.
This included the suppression of the proprietary colonelcies of nobles who were too young to command; and he instituted an Order of Merit.
These reforms of the officer corps were similar to the structure of the Prussian army in that it attempted to place merit and honour above the blind appointments of nobility. The successfulness of his reforms is debated, because by this time the Seven Years' War was in progress. According to one scholar, Walter L. Dorn, Belle-Isle's efforts came "too late to make a difference" in the war and the continuing decline of French military power.

Belle-Isle was a close friend of Count Saint-Germain and in 1760 allowed him to travel to The Hague in order to secure a peace treaty, obtain funding for France, and set up a whole separate company to manage France's treasury. The French Foreign Minister, Duc de Choiseul, was strongly against this and tried to have Count Saint-Germain arrested.

Belle-Isle held an interest in literature throughout his life, and was elected a member of the French National Academy in 1740; so he founded the National Academy of Metz in 1760. Also, Belle-Isle is regarded today as a builder-ruler. As benefactor of the city, he initiated during his dukedom the modernization of the centre of Metz in a context of Enlightenment. Belle-Isle awarded royal architect Jacques-François Blondel for the embellishment of the town square and the construction of the city hall, the parliament, and the guardhouse lodging. He also decided the edification of the royal Governor and Intendant palaces and the opera house of Metz, describing it as "one of the most beautiful France's opera-theater" at his time. Just before his death, he stated: "The city of Metz is my mistress." However, his dukedom over Metz would end with his death because his only son, the Comte de Gisors, had been killed on 23 June 1758 in the Battle of Krefeld. A commemorative plate honors him today on the forecourt of the opera house of Metz.

Notes

References

1684 births
1761 deaths
People from Villefranche-de-Rouergue
Marshals of France
Members of the Académie Française
French military personnel of the War of the Spanish Succession
French military personnel of the War of the Quadruple Alliance
French military personnel of the War of the Polish Succession
French military personnel of the War of the Austrian Succession
Secretaries of State for War (France)
Knights of the Golden Fleece of Spain
Peers created by Louis XV


text:
Mering station is a railway station in the municipality of Mering, located in the district of Aichach-Friedberg in Swabia, Germany.

References

Railway stations in Bavaria
Railway stations in Germany opened in 1840
1840 establishments in Bavaria


text:
Andrea Sottil (born 4 January 1974) is an Italian football coach and former footballer, who played as a defender, currently in charge of Udinese.

Player career
Sottil started his career with Torino and made his Serie A debut on 6 December 1992, in a 1–1 draw to Foggia. In 1994, he left Torino to join Fiorentina, then moving to Atalanta later in 1996. In 1999, he moved to Udinese, where he also had the opportunity to play at continental level in the UEFA Cup.

Sottil was signed by Reggina in co-ownership deal in summer 2003, along with teammate Gonzalo Martínez. In summer 2005, he was signed by Catania, which he was the regular starter in the first two-season, but only played 7 games in 2007–08 Serie A.

In August 2008, he was signed by Rimini. In July 2009 he left for Alessandria. He retired at the end of the 2010–11 season, having managed over 200 games in Serie A throughout his career.

Coach
Soon after retirement, Sottil passed the category 2 (UEFA A) coaching exam in June 2011. Later in the summer he was appointed new head coach of Lega Pro Prima Divisione club U.S. Siracusa, with the goal of leading the ambitious Sicilians into the battle to promotion in the Serie B league.

In 2012, he was the coach of Gubbio in Lega Pro Prima Divisione. In 2013, he is the coach of A.C. Cuneo in Lega Pro Seconda Divisione. He was fired on 7 January 2014. Ezio Rossi replaced Sottil on the next day.

In 2015 Sottil returned to Siracusa for A.S.D. Città di Siracusa. The club was promoted to Lega Pro as Siracusa Calcio. He left the club in the summer 2017.

He was re-hired by Livorno on 8 April 2018 after getting fired earlier in the same season.

On 5 July 2018, he was appointed new coach of Catania. He was fired from Catania on 2 July 2019.

On 7 July 2020, he took his first Serie B managerial role, being named Nicola Legrottaglie's successor at the helm of Pescara in a last-ditch attempt to save the club from relegation. He guided Pescara to safety after defeating Perugia on penalties in a two-legged playoff, but was not confirmed for the next season.

On 23 December 2020, he took over as the new head coach of relegation-threatened Serie B side Ascoli, becoming the third manager of the season for the Bianconeri. After guiding Ascoli for two seasons, and reaching the promotion playoffs in his final one in charge of the club, on 6 June 2022 Sottil left the Picchio by mutual consent. The following day, he was announced as the new head coach of Serie A club Udinese.

Personal life
His son Riccardo Sottil made his Serie A debut for Fiorentina in the 2018–19 season.

Managerial statistics

Honours
Fiorentina
Coppa Italia: 1995–96

Udinese
UEFA Intertoto Cup: 2000

Individual
Serie A Coach of the Month: September 2022

References

External links
http://aic.football.it/scheda/353/sottil-andrea.htm
http://www.gazzetta.it/speciali/statistiche/2008_nw/giocatori/1025.shtml
http://www.gazzetta.it/Speciali/serie_a_2007/giocatori/sottil_and.shtml
FIGC

1974 births
Living people
People from Venaria Reale
Italian footballers
Italian football managers
Italy under-21 international footballers
Italy youth international footballers
Torino F.C. players
ACF Fiorentina players
Atalanta B.C. players
Udinese Calcio players
Reggina 1914 players
Genoa C.F.C. players
Catania S.S.D. players
Rimini F.C. 1912 players
U.S. Alessandria Calcio 1912 players
Serie A players
Serie B players
Association football defenders
Catania S.S.D. managers
A.S. Gubbio 1910 managers
U.S. Siracusa managers
U.S. Livorno 1915 managers
Delfino Pescara 1936 managers
Ascoli Calcio 1898 F.C. managers
Udinese Calcio managers
Serie B managers
Serie C managers
Serie D managers
Footballers from Piedmont
Sportspeople from the Metropolitan City of Turin


text:
Château Sec est une résidence privée construite durant la seconde moitié des années 1960 et située dans le 9e arrondissement de Marseille, plus précisément dans le quartier de Mazargues. Elle inclut la tour Altitude 117 réputée pour être l'une des plus hautes tours d'habitation de Marseille.

Historique
La construction de l'ensemble s'inscrit dans le processus d'urbanisation des quartiers sud de Marseille dont de grandes parties étaient encore occupées par des bastides ou des « campagnes » (terrains privés boisés ou cultivés, entourés de murs). Le projet est porté par l'entrepreneur et promoteur Georges Laville. Il confie la conception aux architectes associés Bernard Laville (son fils, né en 1928, également connu pour avoir participé à la conception du Grand Pavois) et Mario Fabre (né en 1933).

Le permis de construire est délivré en 1962. La construction est réalisée en plusieurs tranche livrées entre 1965 et 1968.

Initialement ouverte, la résidence est fermée depuis 2000, ou plus précisément semi-fermée du fait de la nécessité de laisser un accès libre aux commerces en journée. Cette évolution s'inscrit dans une tendance générale, commune à la plupart des résidences de relatif standing depuis la fin des années 1990.

Description

La résidence compte six immeubles d'habitation : une grande tour de 24 étages (bâtiment Altitude 117), deux autres tours plus petites de 17 et 15 étages (bâtiments L'Horizon et La Mer) et trois barres de 6 à 10 étages (bâtiments Les Collines, Le Soleil et Le Provence). Les trois tours sont attenantes à une dalle abritant des services collectifs. Les trois barres rayonnent à partir de cet îlot central. L'ensemble compte environ .

La tour Altitude 117, avec ses 24 étages, est la troisième plus haute tour d'habitation de Marseille, derrière le Grand Pavois et la tour de la Rouvière. Son nom indique l'altitude de son dernier étage ou de son toit.

La résidence inclut des commerces, des parkings, des terrains de tennis. Elle forme un tout cohérent avec le groupe scolaire Château Sec (école maternelle, école élémentaire et centré aéré) qui a ouvert ses portes lors de la rentrée 1967.

Outre l'organisation générale des bâtiments, la principale singularité de l'ensemble réside dans la grande diversité des principes architecturaux utilisés pour les immeubles d'habitation. Cette diversité concerne par exemple les hauteurs (de 6 à 24 étages), les volumes (à l'image des trois tours dont les sections sont respectivement en H, carrée et rectangulaire), les parties basses (sur dalle pour la grande tour, avec des commerces pour l'immeuble Le Soleil), les modes de distribution des appartements (usage atypique de coursives pour les immeubles Les Collines et La Mer), les modénatures (originale pour la tour L'Horizon, évoquant l'architecture japonaise)... L'unité visuelle est obtenue grâce au tramage des façades (notamment l'homogénéité des lignes verticales partout espacées de ) et les peintures bichromes claires.

Reconnaissance

L'ensemble Château Sec reçoit en 2006 le label Patrimoine du , devenu depuis le label Architecture contemporaine remarquable.

Cette labellisation fait suite à l'étude « Ensembles et résidences à Marseille 1955-1975 » réalisée en 2004 par l'architecte Thierry Durousseau sur commande de la DRAC Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, publiée en 2005. Celle-ci recense environ 480 ensembles de plus de 100 logements construits à Marseille entre 1955 et 1975, parmi lesquels un comité de pilotage a sélectionné 80 ensembles « sur la base de critères esthétiques, mais aussi du point de vue de l'histoire des techniques, des évolutions politiques, culturelles, économiques et sociales » pour l'établissement de fiches monographiques plus détaillées. Une vingtaine d'entre eux ont finalement été sélectionnés pour recevoir le label Patrimoine du  en novembre 2006.

Voir aussi

Bibliographie
 . Accès direct pour téléchargement de la version pdf.

Articles connexes
 Urbanisme à Marseille
 Liste des plus hauts bâtiments de Marseille
 Label Architecture contemporaine remarquable

Liens externes
 Notices sur pss-archi.eu des tours Altitude 117, L'Horizon et La Mer.

Notes et références

9e arrondissement de Marseille
Grand ensemble à Marseille
Édifice labellisé « Patrimoine du XXe siècle » à Marseille


text:
Barbara Reimann, geborene Dollwetzel (* 29. Januar 1920 in Hamburg; † 21. April 2013 in Berlin) war eine Zeitzeugin des politischen Widerstandes gegen den Nationalsozialismus und Überlebende von Gestapohaft und Konzentrationslager.

Biographie

Kindheit in einer Arbeiterfamilie
Barbara Dollwetzel beschrieb ihr Leben als das "eines Kindes aus einer ganz normalen Hamburger Arbeiterfamilie". Ihr Vater Max Dollwetzel war Schlosser und Gewerkschafter seit 1900 und war 1919 Mitbegründer der Hamburger KPD. Ihre Mutter Clara Clasen war Frauenrechtlerin und engagierte sich in der Aufklärung und dem politischen Kampf gegen den Schwangerschaftsabbruchparagraphen §218 sowie in der Roten Hilfe und der Internationalen Arbeiterhilfe. Ihre Brüder Heinrich Dollwetzel und Erich Dollwetzel waren Mitglieder der "Roten Jungfront" und des "Roten Frontkämpferbundes". Mit der "Machtübernahme" durch die Nationalsozialisten war die Familie Repressionen, vor allem durch Hausdurchsuchungen, ausgesetzt. Die Brüder Heinrich und Erich Dollwetzel waren gezwungen, in die Illegalität abzutauchen.

Widerstand gegen den Nationalsozialismus
Zur gleichen Zeit organisierte sich Bärbel Dollwetzel im Widerstand gegen den Nationalsozialismus und war im Untergrund in einer sozialistischen Jugendorganisation in Hamburg-Harburg aktiv. Sie unterstützte politisch Verfolgte und schrieb Antikriegsbriefe an Soldaten. 1943 gelang es den Verfolgungsbehörden, den Spitzel Alfons Pannek in die Gruppe einzuführen. Die Gruppe wurde im Juni 1943 enttarnt, als einer ihrer Antikriegsbriefe von der Gestapo abgefangen werden konnte.

Gestapohaft und Konzentrationslager
In Gestapoverhören wurde sie gezwungen, einen Schutzhaftbefehl – mit dem Vermerk "Rückkehr unerwünscht" – zu unterschreiben. Darin wurde ihr Wehrkraftzersetzung, Vorbereitung zum Hochverrat und das Abhören ausländischer Sender vorgeworfen. Es folgte die Inhaftierung im Polizeigefängnis Fuhlsbüttel bis zum 20. April 1944.
Am 28. April 1944 wurde sie mit ihrer Mutter und ihrer Patentante Emmi Wilde in das Frauenkonzentrationslager Ravensbrück deportiert. Im April 1945 wurden sie von der SS auf den Todesmarsch geschickt und am 3. Mai von US-amerikanischen Soldaten befreit.

Politische Arbeit nach der Befreiung
Nach ihrer Befreiung wurde sie Mitarbeiterin im "Komitee ehemaliger politischer Gefangener" in Hamburg. 1946 zog sie nach Ost-Berlin. Dort arbeitete sie in der "Zentralverwaltung für Gesundheitswesen der Sowjetzone" und im Generalsekretariat der "Vereinigung der Verfolgten des Naziregimes" (VVN).

Nach einem Richterlehrgang und einem Jurastudium an der Akademie für Staats- und Rechtswissenschaft in Babelsberg wurde sie in der Justiz der DDR tätig.

Ab 1970 lag der Schwerpunkt ihrer Arbeit in ihrer Unterstützung der "Lagergemeinschaft Ravensbrück". Sie referierte in der Gedenkstätte und an Schulen als Zeitzeugin. Nach fünfjähriger Zusammenarbeit mit den Journalistinnen Franziska Bruder und Heike Kleffner erschien 2000 ihre Biographie aus acht Jahrzehnten Deutschland.

Literatur
 Franziska Bruder, Heike Kleffner (Hrsg.): … die Erinnerung darf nicht sterben. Barbara Reimann – Eine Biografie aus acht Jahrzehnten Deutschland. Unrast Verlag, Münster, ISBN 3-89771-802-2.

Einzelnachweise

Weblinks

 Auszug aus einem Interview mit Ebba Rohweder, 1. März 2004
 Nachruf in der taz
 Nachruf im apabiz Monitor

SED-Mitglied
Mitglied der VVN-BdA
Person (Widerstand gegen den Nationalsozialismus)
Etter-Rose-Hampel-Gruppe
Häftling im KZ Ravensbrück
Häftling im KZ Fuhlsbüttel
DDR-Bürger
Deutscher
Geboren 1920
Gestorben 2013
Frau


text:
The Geochemist's Workbench (GWB) is an integrated set of interactive software tools for solving a range of problems in aqueous chemistry. The graphical user interface simplifies the use of the geochemical code.

History
The GWB package was originally developed at the Department of Geology of the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign over a period of more than twenty years, under the sponsorship initially of a consortium of companies and government laboratories, and later through license fees paid by a community of users.  In 2011, the GWB development team moved to the Research Park at the University of Illinois, and subsequently off campus in Champaign, IL, where they operate as an independent company named Aqueous Solutions LLC. Since its release, many thousands of licensed copies have been installed in more than 90 countries. In 2014, a free Student Edition of the software was released, and was later expanded in 2021 to a Community Edition free to all aqueous chemists.

An early version of the software was one of the first applications of parallel vector computing, the predecessor to today's multi-core processors, to geological research. The current release is multithreaded, and as such retains features of the early parallel vector architecture.

Overview
The GWB is an integrated geochemical modeling package used for balancing chemical reactions, calculating stability diagrams and the equilibrium states of natural waters, tracing reaction processes, modeling reactive transport, plotting the results of these calculations, and storing the related data.  The Workbench, designed for personal computers running Microsoft Windows, is distributed commercially in three packages: GWB Professional, Standard, and Essentials, as well as in the free GWB Community Edition.

GWB reads datasets of thermodynamic equilibrium constants (most commonly compiled from 0 to 300 °C along the steam saturation curve) with which it can calculate chemical equilibria. Thermodynamic datasets from other popular programs like PHREEQC, PHRQPITZ, WATEQ4F, and Visual MINTEQ have been formatted for the GWB, enabling comparison and validation of the different codes. The programs K2GWB, DBCreate, and logKcalc were written to generate thermodynamic data for GWB under pressures and temperatures beyond the limits of the default datasets. The GWB can couple chemical reaction with hydrologic transport to produce simulations known as reactive transport models. GWB can calculate flow fields dynamically, or import flow fields as numeric data or calculated directly from the USGS hydrologic flow code MODFLOW.

Uses in science and industry
Geochemists working in the field, office, lab, or classroom store their analyses, calculate the distribution of chemical mass, create plots and diagrams, evaluate their experiments, and solve real-world problems.

The software is used by environmental chemists, engineers, microbiologists, and remediators to gain quantitative understanding of the chemical and microbiological reactions which control the fate and mobility of contaminants in the biosphere. With this knowledge, they can develop predictive models of contaminant fate and transport, and test the effectiveness of costly remediation schemes before implementing them in the field.

Within the energy industry, petroleum engineers, mining geologists, environmental geochemists and geothermal energy developers use the software to search for resources, optimize recovery, and manage wastes, all while using safe and environmentally friendly practices. Geoscientists manage the side effects of energy production in carbon sequestration projects and in the design of nuclear waste repositories.

Uses in education
Hundreds of scholarly articles cite or use GWB and several textbooks apply the software to solve common problems in environmental protection and remediation, the petroleum industry, and economic geology.

Geochemistry students can save time performing routine but tedious tasks that are easily accomplished with the software. Instead of balancing chemical reactions and constructing Eh-pH diagrams by hand, for example, students can spend time exploring advanced topics like multi-component equilibrium, kinetic theory, or reactive transport. A free download of The Geochemist's Workbench Community Edition is available from the developer's website.

Other geochemical modeling programs in common use
Aqion
ChemEQL
ChemPlugin
CHESS, HYTEC
CHILLER, CHIM-XPT
CrunchFlow
EQ3/EQ6
GEOCHEM-EZ
GEMS-PSI
GWB Community Edition
HYDROGEOCHEM
MINEQL+
MINTEQA2
PHREEQC
SOLMINEQ.88, GAMSPATH.99
TOUGHREACT
Visual MINTEQ
WATEQ4F
WHAM

See also
Earth Science
Environmental Engineering
Groundwater
Geochemistry
Hydrogeology
Groundwater model
Geochemical model
Reactive transport model

References

External links

 Community Edition website
 Users group

Scientific simulation software
Geology software


text:
Chruszczewka Szlachecka – wieś w Polsce położona w województwie mazowieckim, w powiecie sokołowskim, w gminie Kosów Lacki.

W latach 1975–1998 miejscowość administracyjnie należała do województwa siedleckiego.

Wierni wyznania rzymskokatolickiego zamieszkali w Chruszczewkce Szlacheckiej należą do parafii Kosów Lacki. W miejscowości znajduje się kaplica dojazdowa pw. Najświętszego serca Pana Jezusa.

Przypisy

Linki zewnętrzne

Kosów Lacki (gmina)


text:
The Virginia Department of Transportation (VDOT) is the agency of the state government responsible for transportation in the state of Virginia in the United States. VDOT is headquartered at the Virginia Department of Highways Building in downtown Richmond. VDOT is responsible for building, maintaining, and operating the roads, bridges, and tunnels in the commonwealth. It is overseen by the Commonwealth Transportation Board, which has the power to fund airports, seaports, rail, and public transportation.

VDOT's revised annual budget for fiscal year 2019 is $5.4 billion.

VDOT has a workforce of about 7,500 full-time employees.

Responsibilities

Virginia has the nation's third largest system of state-maintained highways, after North Carolina and Texas. The Virginia highway system totals approximately 58,000 miles of interstate, primary, frontage, and secondary roads. The system includes about 20,000 bridges and structures. In addition, independent cities and towns, as well as the counties of Henrico and Arlington, maintain approximately 12,000 miles of local streets, and receive funds from the state for that purpose.

VDOT operates and maintains:

 Roads: VDOT's largest responsibility is the maintenance of roads. Filling potholes, storm drain cleaning, water drainage, guard rail replacement, bridge work, tree removal, and trash removal, as well as the maintenance of signs and traffic lights.
 More than 21,000 bridges and structures
 Snow removal: VDOT is responsible for removing snow along the major roads of Virginia.
 Forty-one safety rest areas and ten welcome centers along major highways
More than 100 commuter parking lots
Four underwater crossings in the Hampton Roads area:
The mid-town Elizabeth River tunnel
The downtown Elizabeth River tunnel
The Hampton Roads Bridge-Tunnel on Interstate 64
The Monitor-Merrimac Memorial Bridge-Tunnel on Interstate 664

Two mountain tunnels on Interstate 77 in southwest Virginia:
East River Mountain Tunnel
Big Walker Mountain Tunnel
 Two toll roads:
 Fairfax County's Dulles Toll Road (operated and maintained by MWAA)
 The Powhite Parkway Extension near Richmond
One toll bridge: The George P. Coleman Memorial Bridge
Three ferry services:
 Jamestown Ferry
 Sunny Bank
 Merry Point

Budget
Highway maintenance and operations represent 41% of the total budget, followed by 32% for highway systems construction. Smaller portions of the budget are directed to address the needs and requirements of debt service, support to other agencies, administration, and earmarks and special financing.

Sources

(in millions)

Expenditures

(in millions)

Districts

Virginia is divided into nine districts:

Bristol District
Counties: Bland, Buchanan, Dickenson, Grayson, Lee, Russell, Scott, Smyth, Tazewell, Washington, Wise and Wythe
Cities: Bristol, Norton
Salem District
Counties: Bedford, Botetourt, Carroll, Craig, Floyd, Franklin, Giles, Henry, Montgomery, Patrick, Pulaski and Roanoke
Cities: Bedford, Galax, Martinsville, Radford, Roanoke and Salem
Lynchburg District
Counties: Amherst, Appomattox, Buckingham, Campbell, Charlotte, Cumberland, Halifax, Nelson, Pittsylvania and Prince Edward
Cities: Danville and Lynchburg
Richmond District
Counties: Amelia, Brunswick, Charles City, Chesterfield, Dinwiddie, Goochland, Hanover, Henrico, Lunenburg, Mecklenburg, New Kent, Nottoway, Powhatan, and Prince George
Cities: Colonial Heights, Hopewell, Petersburg, and Richmond
Hampton Roads District
Counties: Accomack, Isle of Wight, James City, Northampton, Southampton, Surry, Sussex, York, and Greensville
Cities: Chesapeake, Emporia, Franklin, Hampton, Newport News, Norfolk, Poquoson, Portsmouth, Suffolk, Virginia Beach, and Williamsburg
Fredericksburg District
Counties: Caroline, Essex, Gloucester, King and Queen, King George, King William, Lancaster, Mathews, Middlesex, Northumberland, Richmond, Spotsylvania, Stafford, and Westmoreland
Cities: Fredericksburg
Culpeper District
Counties: Albemarle, Culpeper, Fauquier, Fluvanna, Greene, Louisa, Madison, Orange, and Rappahannock
Cities: Charlottesville
Staunton District
Counties: Alleghany, Augusta, Bath, Clarke, Frederick, Highland, Page, Rockbridge, Rockingham, Shenandoah, and Warren
Cities: Buena Vista, Covington, Harrisonburg, Lexington, Staunton, Waynesboro, and Winchester
Northern Virginia District
Counties: Arlington, Fairfax, Loudoun, and Prince William
Cities: Alexandria, Fairfax, Falls Church, Manassas, and Manassas Park

District Notes

511

Many US states, as well as several US local governments and Canadian provinces, provide 511 systems. VDOT provides the Virginia 511 service, which may be accessed by the 511 telephone number, the https://www.511virginia.org/ website, and Twitter.  In May 2012, VDOT introduced the Virginia 511 smartphone apps for Apple and Android devices. The Virginia 511 system provides traffic cameras, real-time road and traffic conditions, trip planning, weather information, and alternatives to traveling by car.

Controversies

Closing of rest areas
In July 2009, VDOT closed 19 of its rest areas around the state, leaving some stretches of highway, such as I-81 which is a popular route for trucks, or the heavily traveled and often congested I-95 northbound between Washington, D.C. and Richmond, a distance of , without a rest stop. Drivers complained that people who needed to use the restroom would have nowhere to go. VDOT countered that the I-95 corridor is highly developed, and many businesses have restrooms, and that closing the rest stops would save VDOT 9 million dollars toward its 2.6 billion dollar budget deficit.

In January 2010, governor Bob McDonnell announced that he would reopen all of the closed rest areas as part of his campaign promises. The state is using an "adopt a rest stop" program, pulling 3 million dollars from the reserve maintenance fund, and employing non-violent inmates to help reopen the rest stops. They all reopened on April 17, 2010.

Roadside memorials

Spontaneous roadside memorials, often in the form of white crosses, Stars of David, bouquets of flowers, and photos of the dead, have been placed along roads at the scenes of fatal accidents.  As of July 1, 2003, Virginia law has banned these memorials.  Transportation officials have deemed them a threat to the safety of motorists.

Virginia law §33.2-216 prohibits any person from installing a memorial on any highway controlled by the VDOT without a permit. VDOT will install a roadside memorial sign, normally for a period of two years. The sign may not deviate from the standard roadside memorial sign specifications. The cost must by paid by the person requesting the sign.

Not everyone agreed with the new program. Vowing to ignore the program, Del. Robert G. Marshall (R-Prince William), whose son was killed in an auto accident along Interstate 81 in November 2001, said:

This is the bureaucratization of love. I don't like it one bit. I intend to put a cross up for my son. Period.

By marking an accident site, survivors create "a living memory of this person's life," said Donna Schuurman, president of Association for Death Education and Counseling. Americans have swept the grieving process under the rug, and now it's popping up in public ways that few expected—and that some don't like, according to Ms. Schuurman.

HOT lanes

In 1995, Virginia passed the Public-Private Transportation Act (PPTA), which allows the state to enter into agreements with private entities to construct, improve, maintain and operate transportation facilities. Since then, Virginia has proposed or awarded several PPTA contracts, including:

Capital Beltway (I-495) HOT Lanes (Completed in November 2012)
14 miles of four HOV/HOT lanes on the Capital Beltway between the Springfield Interchange and just north of the Dulles Toll Road
I-95 / I-395 HOT Lanes (proposed)
56 miles from the Pentagon to Spotsylvania County
The HOT lanes were complete in December 2014, but the lanes stretch from just north of Edsall Road to Garrisonville

High-occupancy toll lanes (HOT lanes) are toll lanes operating alongside existing highway lanes.  They provided drivers with a faster and more reliable travel option. Buses, carpools, motorcycles and emergency vehicles will be able to use the HOT lanes for free while drivers with fewer than three occupants can use the HOT lanes by paying a toll.  The HOT lanes will use dynamic or congestion pricing to manage the number vehicles, and to keep them free-flowing.  On average, vehicles are expected to be traveling 55 miles per hour, even during peak travel times.

The first HOT Lanes in the nation to open was the 91 Express Lanes project in Orange County, California, opening in December 1995.  A computer adjusts the toll every six minutes, raising it if too many cars are on the highway, lowering it if the highway is underutilized.  Even drivers who won't pay the toll appreciate the HOT lanes diverting traffic form the regular highway.

But many people are not happy about the proposed HOT lanes in Northern Virginia.  In 2001, Maryland governor Parris N. Glendening (D) stopped a state study of similar proposals for the Maryland side of the Capital Beltway.  The governor believed it would be unfair to low-income residents to allow affluent drivers to buy their way out of traffic.

In 2003, Virginia Department of Transportation Commissioner Philip A. Shucet stated that "[s]ingle drivers could pay $1 to $4 to get off of the congested regular lanes." By 2009, transportation planners in Washington estimated the projected rush-hour toll need to be $1.60 a mile. According to VDOT's web site:

There will be no toll cap, as tolls must be able to increase to the level necessary to manage real-time traffic demand and keep the lanes congestion free.

Those who own property along the path of the Capital Beltway HOT Lanes are growing increasingly agitated with the project.  Supervisor Sharon Bulova (D-Braddock), who represents a number of neighborhoods affected by the construction, said,

Once the project is truly underway, eventually pretty much all the trees in the VDOT right of way are going to be cleared ... I know I didn't have an appreciation of the extent of the clearing that was going to be done ... Do they really need to clear every teeny piece of vegetation in their right of way?

History
The Virginia General Assembly established the first State Highway Commission in 1906.

In 1927, the Virginia Department of Highways (VDH) was established as a state agency.

VDH became the Virginia Department of Highways and Transportation (VDHT) in 1974, adding railroads and public transportation to its portfolio.

In 1986, the General Assembly authorized expanded revenue sources for transportation, including airports and seaports.  Also during that same special session, the General Assembly formally renamed the agency the Virginia Department of Transportation (VDOT).

The General Assembly spun off VDOT's rail and public transportation into a new department, the Department of Rail and Public Transportation (DPRT).  DPRT reports directly to the Virginia Secretary of Transportation.

External links

VDOT Official Website

References

Transportation in Virginia
State departments of transportation of the United States
Transportation
1906 establishments in Virginia


text:
Пули () општина је у округу Лаво-Орон у кантону Во, Швајцарска. Налази се на обали Женевског језера и представља једно од источних предграђа Лозане.

Грб
Блазон општинског грба гласи Per pale Argent and Gules, overall a Grape-bunch counterchanged leaved Vert.

Географија

Површина Пулија износи око 5,90 километара квадратних (од 2009). Од ове површине, 20,5% се користи у пољопривредне сврхе, а 24,1% је пошумљено. Осталих 56,1% је покривено путевима и зградама. Мање од један проценат чине река и језера.

Од насељеног подручја, стамбена здања заузимају 37,3% укупне површине, док транспортна инфраструктура чини 13,2%. Тек 4,4% чине паркови, зелене површине и спортски терени. Цело пошумљено земљиште је прекривено шумама. Што се тиче пољопривредног земљишта, 13,2% се користи за узгој усева, а 4,8% су пашњаци. Воћнаци и виногради заузимају 2,6% површине..

Општина је била део округа Лозана све док се није раздвојила датума 31. августа 2006. и постала део новог округа Лаво-Орон.

Пули се протеже од Женевског језера до планинског краја Жора. Припада му врх Монтс де Пули, са висином од 806 метара. У општини се такође налази неколико села.

Демографија

Према подацима из 2018, у Пулију живи 18.313 становника. Укупно 27,3% становништва су чинили странци.  У раздобљу од 1999. до 2009. укупан број становника порастао је за 6,8% (миграције су утицале на прилив становништва од 7,3% док се тај проценат смањио за 0,2% због морталитета).

Већина популације (од 2000) прича француски (82,8%). Затим следе немачки са 4,8% и италијански са 2,8%. Најмање заступљен језик је Романш, који прича троје људи.

Од становништва у општини, око 2.669 њих је рођено у Пулију и још живе у истом. Њих 5.190 није рођено у Пулију, али јесте рођено у истом кантону, док је 2.824 људи рођено негде другде у Швајцарској и 4.928 је рођени ван граница те земље.

Године 2008, било је 146 новорођених и 169 преминулих особа. Не гледајући миграције, популација швајцарских држављана опала је за 51, док је популација странаца порасла за 28 становника. Било је 9 Швајцараца који су емигрирали из Швајцарске и 2 Швајцарке које су имигрирале назад у Швајцарску.  Истовремено, било је 128 страних мушких и 147 страних женских држављана који су имигрирали из друге државе у Швајцарску. Крајњи природни прираштај износио је 0,9%, са смањењем од 71 и повећањем од 227 људи

Што се тиче старосне расподеле становништва (2009), у Пулију је било 1.568 особа старости од 0 до 9 година (9,2%) и 1.814 (10,6%) особа старости између 10 и 19 година. Од одрасле популације, 1.608 људи (9,4%) је имало између 20 и 29 година, 2.294 (13,4%) између 30 и 39, 2.571 (15,1%) између 40 и 49 и 2.205 (12,9%) између 50 and и 59 година. Старије грађане је бројало њих 2.236 (13.1%) који су имали од 60 до 69 година, 1.610 (9.4%) који су имали од 70 до 79, 972 (5,7%) који су имали од 80 до 89 и 201 особа (1.2%) која је била 90-годишњак или старија.

Од 2000, 5.999 особа није било у браку, док је њих 7.763 било у браку, 1.110 удовица или удоваца и 1.162 разведених особа.

Од 2000, у општини је било 7.539 приватних домаћинстава и у просеку 2,1 особа по домаћинству.  Онда, 3.013 домаћинстава која су бројале само једну особу и 292 домаћинстава са пет или више људи.  Од укупних 7.690 боравишта који су пристали да одговоре на задато питање, 39,2% боравишта су била намењена за само једну особу, а било је 36 пунолетних грађана који су живели са својим родитељима. Од осталих домаћинстава, 2.090 внчаних парова нису имали деце, а 1.829 их је имало. Забележено је 439 самохраних родитеља са дететом или децом.

Године 2000. забележено је 8.248 апартмана у општини.  Најобичнија апартманска просторија бројала је три собе (таквих апартмана било је 2,230). Следе 502 једнособних апартмана и 2.241 апартмана са пет или више соба.  Од ових апартмана, њих 7.348 (89,1%) било је стално заузето, док њих 738 (8,9%) припада сезонским туристичким апартманима, а 162 (2%) су била празна. Од 2009, стопа изградње нових домова износила је 4 нова дома по 1.000 становника.  Стопа слободних радних места у општини, 2010, чинило је 0,27%.

У следећем графикону представљена је промена броја становника по годинама:

Религија
Од 2000. године, 5.953 (37,1%) становника прати католицизам, док 5.730 (35,7%) припада Швајцарстој реформираној цркви. Остатак чине православци (310), припадници Хришћанске-католичке цркве Швајцарске (17) и верници неке друге хришћанске цркве (449). Било је 246 особа (1,53%) јудаистичке вероисповести и 383 (2.39%) Муслимана.  Даље следе будисти (43), хиндуисти (25) и још 44 особа које припадају некој другој цркви. Осталих 2.288 особа (14,27%) су агностици или атеисти. Њих 748 (4,67%) се није изјаснило по овом питању.

Култура

У Пулију се налази неколико музеја:
 Центар генерала Гизана. Музеј је 2009. посетуло 1.323 људи.
 Древна римска вила Пулија
 Музеј уметности Пулија

Постоји и једно позориште (Théâtre de l'Octogone) као и биоскоп (Cinéma city club).

Познате особе из Пулија

 Рене Обержоноа (1872–1957, швајцарски постимпресионистички сликар, живео у Пулију од 1929. до 1934.
 Анри Гизан (1874–1960), генерал Војске Швајцарске током Другог светског рата, целог свог живота живео у Пулију.
 Родолф Арчибалд Рајс (1875–1929), криминолог, живео једно време у Пулију.
 Жана де Витингоф (1875–1926 у Пулију), белгијска списатељица, пријатељица мајке Маргерит Јурсенар.
 Емил Робер Бланше (1877–1943 у Пулију), швајцарска пијанисткиња и композиторка.
 Шарл Фердинанд Раму (1878–1947), писац, живео у Пулију док није преминуо.
 Џаша Хоренстајн (1898–1973), амерички диригент, живео у Пулију од 1959. док није преминуо.
Пумипон Адунјадет или Рама IX (1927–2016), краљ Тајланда, живео у Пулију с времена на време између 1933. и 1951.
 Франсоа Оланд (1954), председник Француске 2012/2017, посетио Пули као дете.
 Лук Рекордон (1955. у Пулију), швајцарски политичар.

Види још
 Списак швајцарских градова
 Кантон Во
 Швајцарска

Референце

Спољашње везе

Кантон Во
Градови у Швајцарској


text:
Masdevallia oxapampaensis är en orkidéart som beskrevs av David Edward Bennett och Eric Alston Christenson. Masdevallia oxapampaensis ingår i släktet Masdevallia och familjen orkidéer.

Artens utbredningsområde är Peru. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.

Källor

Orkidéer
oxapampaensis


text:
Didam railway station is located in Didam, Netherlands. The station was opened on 15 July 1885 and is located on the Winterswijk–Zevenaar railway line. The station is operated by Arriva and Breng and they use trains with Diesel engines.

Train services

Bus services

External links
NS website
Dutch Public Transport journey planner

Railway stations in Gelderland
Railway stations opened in 1885
Montferland
1885 establishments in the Netherlands
Railway stations in the Netherlands opened in the 19th century


text:
Sezon 1994/1995 był 4. sezonem o mistrzostwo Białorusi. Tytułu mistrzowskiego broniło Dynama Mińsk.

Tabela końcowa

Najlepsi strzelcy
 19 goli
 Pawieł Stawrou (Dynama-93 Mińsk)

 18 goli
 Yawhen Kaszenceu (Dynama Mińsk)

 14 goals
 Walancin Bialkiewicz (Dynama Mińsk)
 Piatro Kaczura (Dynama Mińsk)

 13 goals
 Siarhiej Wechtiou (Dźwina Witebsk)

 12 goals
 Andrej Skorabahaćka (Dniapro Mohylew)

Zobacz też
Wyszejszaja liha

Linki zewnętrzne
 Oficjalna strona Pierwszej Ligi Białoruskiej

1994 w piłce nożnej
1995 w piłce nożnej
Pierwszy poziom rozgrywek piłkarskich na Białorusi
1995 na Białorusi


text:
La galaxia elíptica M87 (también conocida como Galaxia Virgo A, Virgo A, Messier 87, M87, o NGC 4486) es una galaxia elíptica gigante fácil de ver con telescopios de aficionado. Se trata de la mayor y más luminosa galaxia de la zona norte del Cúmulo de Virgo, y se halla en el centro del subgrupo Virgo A (el más masivo de todos los subgrupos en los que se divide el cúmulo). La galaxia también contiene un núcleo galáctico activo notable, que es una fuente de alta intensidad de radiación de longitud de onda amplia, en particular en radiofrecuencias, y un chorro de plasma energético que se origina en el núcleo y se extiende al menos 1500 pársecs (4900 años luz), y viajan a una velocidad relativista. Puesto que es la galaxia elíptica más brillante cercana a la Tierra y una de las fuentes de radio más brillantes del cielo, es un objetivo popular tanto para la astronomía amateur como para el estudio científico. Se estima que la galaxia tiene una masa dentro de un radio de 32 kpc de 2,6 ± 0,3 × 1012 masas solares, el doble de masa que nuestra galaxia, e incluyendo materia oscura puede ser 200 veces más masiva que esta. M87 se encuentra a unos 16,4 millones de pársecs (53 millones de años luz) de la Tierra.

Cúmulos globulares y halo exterior
M87 tiene una población inusualmente grande de cúmulos globulares. En un sondeo del 2006, se estimó que habría unos 12.000 ± 800 cúmulos alrededor de M87, en comparación con los 150-200 de la Vía Láctea.

Además, está rodeada por un gran halo solo visible en fotografías de muy larga exposición y sensibilidad, de forma muy elongada e irregular y que se extiende al menos 30 minutos de arco (el tamaño aparente de la Luna llena) -correspondiente a un tamaño real de más de medio millón de años luz a la distancia de esta galaxia-, y que se cree que está formado por estrellas pertenecientes a galaxias que han sido destruidas por la atracción gravitatoria de M87 en encuentros cercanos con ella, para después ser absorbidas finalmente. Dicho halo parece estar distorsionado por la atracción gravitatoria de galaxias vecinas del cúmulo de Virgo, y su presencia explica que M87 se clasifique a veces como una galaxia de tipo cD, aunque incipiente.

Al parecer, el halo llega hasta una distancia de alrededor de 150 kilopársecs; se desconoce la razón por la que acaba a esa distancia, y las posibilidades barajadas incluyen un encuentro pasado entre M87 y otra galaxia -seguramente M84- o una contracción de este debido a materia oscura cayendo hacia la galaxia aquí tratada; el mismo estudio en el que se ha sugerido esto también propone que M87 y M86 están cayendo la una hacia la otra y que están siendo observadas justo antes de su primer acercamiento cercano. En él, también existen diversas corrientes de estrellas, y se cree que han sido arrancadas de otras galaxias cercanas o que son restos de galaxias menores destruidas y absorbidas por M87.

Chorro de materia y medio interestelar

En 1918, el astrónomo Herber Curtis, del Observatorio Lick, descubrió un chorro de materia procedente de la M87, que describió como "un curioso rayo recto". Este chorro de materia o jet se extiende al menos 5000 años luz desde el núcleo de M87, y está formado por materia eyectada de la propia galaxia, probablemente por un agujero negro supermasivo situado en su centro. Los astrónomos creían que el agujero negro en esta galaxia tiene una masa aproximada de 3200 millones de masas solares, pero investigaciones recientes suben esa masa hasta entre 6400 y 6600 millones de masas solares. Este agujero negro está rodeado por un disco de gas caliente, que le alimenta a razón de una masa solar cada 10 años, y se ha sugerido que su posición no coincide con la del centro exacto de esta galaxia, y está aproximadamente a 22 años luz de él (algo cuyas causas se desconocen y que ha sido atribuido a que M87 hubiera nacido tras la fusión de dos galaxias anteriores con agujeros negros supermasivos en su centro y que, al fusionarse estos, hubiera acabado allí, o también a que el jet hubiera propulsado al agujero negro a esa distancia).

El 22 de agosto de 2013, se publicó un estudio basado en observaciones realizadas, desde 1995 hasta el 2008, por diversos especialistas del Universo profundo, aprovechando las posibilidades del telescopio espacial Hubble. Obtuvieron una serie de películas a intervalos que muestran un chorro de plasma de 5000 años luz de largo que es expulsado de un agujero negro supermasivo. Ese agujero negro parece que se sitúa en el centro de la galaxia M87. Parece que encontró evidencias que sugieren el movimiento en espiral de ese chorro, creando un campo magnético en forma de hélice que rodea al agujero negro. En la parte exterior del chorro, un grupo de gas brillante, al que llamaron "nudo B", parece que va en zig-zag.

Otros autores niegan que tal desplazamiento exista. En M87, también se ha encontrado una fuente intensa de rayos X, y su proximidad significa que es una de las radiogalaxias mejor estudiadas.

Hay gas cayendo hacia la galaxia a un ritmo de 2-3 masas solares por año, gran parte del cual acaba en la región central de esta y que al menos en parte parece proceder de una galaxia menor rica en gas que está siendo absorbida por M87.

El medio interestelar de esta galaxia está ocupado por un gas enriquecido en elementos cómo carbono y nitrógeno, que han sido producidos sobre todo por estrellas existentes en la rama asintótica gigante, y oxígeno y hierro producidos por supernovas, sobre todo de tipo Ia. La abundancia de estos elementos es de la mitad de la abundancia en el Sol hasta un radio de 4 kilopársecs, y aumenta a partir de este radio.

Finalmente, M87 cuenta con diversos filamentos de polvo con masas de alrededor de 10000 masas solares, y otros de gas caliente que parecen proceder de la galaxia menor en proceso de absorción mencionada antes, y está rodeada por un halo de gas caliente.

Movimiento superlumínico
En las imágenes realizadas por el telescopio espacial Hubble en 1999, se midió el movimiento del chorro de materia de M87, y se halló que es de cuatro a seis veces la velocidad de la luz. Este movimiento es el resultado visual de la velocidad relativista del chorro de materia, y no de un movimiento superlumínico verdadero. La detección de tal movimiento respalda la teoría que afirma que cuásares, objetos BL Lacertae y radiogalaxias pueden ser el mismo fenómeno, conocido como galaxias activas, vistas desde distintas perspectivas; de hecho, algunos astrónomos han sugerido que M87 puede ser en realidad una galaxia de tipo BL Lacertae (aunque, a diferencia de otros objetos de esta clase, con un núcleo de poco brillo, comparado con el resto de la galaxia) vista desde un ángulo que resulta desfavorable para apreciar las propiedades de este tipo de objetos.

Lazos y anillos de emisión de rayos X
Las observaciones realizadas por el telescopio espacial Chandra indican la presencia de lazos y anillos en el gas caliente de emisión de rayos X que se extiende por el cúmulo y rodea a M87. Estos lazos y anillos son formados por ondas de presión. Las ondas de presión son causadas por la variaciones en la velocidad en que la materia es eyectada por el agujero negro supermasivo en chorros. La distribución de los lazos sugiere que las erupciones menores ocurren cada seis millones de años. Uno de los anillos, causado por una erupción mayor, es una onda de choque de 85.000 años luz de diámetro alrededor del agujero negro. Otras características notables son los finos filamentos de emisión de rayos X, que se extienden hasta una longitud de 100.000 años luz, y una gran cavidad en el gas caliente, causada por una gran erupción hace 70 millones de años.

A diferencia de lo que ocurre en otras galaxias elípticas gigantes situadas en el centro de cúmulos de galaxias como, por ejemplo, NGC 6166, las erupciones regulares impiden que el gas caliente que llena el medio intergaláctico del cúmulo de Virgo caiga hacia el centro de esta galaxia, por lo que se enfría y se forman estrellas, lo que implica que la evolución de M87 ha podido ser afectada en gran medida impidiendo que se convirtiese en una galaxia espiral de gran tamaño. Las observaciones también significaron la presencia de ondas de sonidos: 56 octavas por debajo del Do central para las erupciones menores y 58 o 59 octavas por debajo del Do central para las mayores.

Emisiones de rayos gamma: agujero negro supermasivo

M87 es también fuente de rayos gamma. Los rayos gamma son los más energéticos del espectro electromagnético; más de un millón de veces de mayor intensidad que la luz visible. Los rayos gamma procedentes de M87 empezaron a observarse a finales de la década de 1990, pero más tarde, con telescopios HESS, los científicos han medido la variación del flujo de rayos gamma y han descubierto que los cambios se producen en cuestión de días.

Se ha aceptado que en el centro de M87 se encuentra un agujero negro supermasivo (se propuso llamarlo Powehi, que en hawaiano significa "creación oscura adornada e insondable"), con una masa de varios miles de millones de masas solares. Sin embargo, el hecho de que las variaciones puedan cambiar en unos días hace que el entorno inmediato al agujero negro supermasivo de M87, con un tamaño similar al Sistema Solar, sea la localización más prometedora de rayos gamma. En general, a menor superficie, mayor rapidez de variación y viceversa.

La primera imagen del agujero negro, que se hizo pública el miércoles, 10 de abril del 2019, fue tomada por el llamado Telescopio del Horizonte de Sucesos (EHT, siglas en inglés de Event Horizon Telescope), una red de ocho telescopios, gracias al algoritmo generado por un equipo del Laboratorio de Ciencias de la Computación e Inteligencia Artificial del Instituto de Tecnología de Massachusetts (MIT), el Centro de Astrofísica Harvard-Smithsonian y el Observatorio Haystack del MIT, dirigidos en el 2016 por Katie Bouman, quien en ese entonces era estudiante de posgrado en el propio MIT.

Referencias

Véase también
 NGC 1316
 NGC 5128

Enlaces externos
 Messier 87, SEDS Messier (en inglés)
 Astronomy Picture of the Day 5 de abril de 1997 (en inglés)
 Astronomy Picture of the Day 1 de noviembre de 2001 (en inglés)
 Astronomy Picture of the Day 16 de junio de 2004 (en inglés)

Constelación de Virgo
M87
Objetos Messier


text:
El Carabassat (paraula derivada de carabassa o carbassa) és un fruita confitada (ensucrada) que s'extreu de la carabassa (normalment la de color groc o porquera) i per extensió de la paraula també amb el mateix procés amb altres fruites: peres, taronges, cireres, etc.

Entre altres, el carabassat és un ingredient típic en el farcit del pastisset d'ametla valencià

Elaboració
En ser un procés complicat no es fa de manera casolana sinó industrialment.

Es parteix pel mig la carbassa, se'n treuen les pipes i la part blanca de dins. Es trosseja en daus, es deixa remullar amb aigua i calç durant 8 hores, després es passa a una cambra ensofrada (on hi ha una combustió de sofre) durant 12 i després es posa a bullir durant 15 minuts. Posteriorment reposa en un contenidor amb almívar (doble de sucre que d'aigua) es torna a posar sucre i es repeteix els dos passos anteriors durant 10 dies.

Dolços


text:
Sub-Lingual Tablet è il trentesimo album in studio del gruppo musicale britannico The Fall, pubblicato nel 2015.

Tracce
Venice with the Girls (Mark E. Smith, Dave Spurr, Keiron Melling) – 4:11
Black Roof (Smith, Rob Barbato, Tim Presley) – 1:46
Dedication Not Medication (Smith, Spurr) – 4:47
First One Today (Smith, Eleni Poulou) – 2:45
Junger Cloth (Smith, Spurr, Melling) – 4:55
Stout Man (Iggy Pop, James Williamson) – 3:15
Auto Chip 2014-2016 (Smith, Poulou) – 10:03
Pledge! (Smith) – 6:32
Snazzy (Smith, Poulou) – 2:29
Fibre Book Troll (Smith, Poulou, Spurr) – 5:59
Quit iPhone (Smith, Spurr, Melling) – 4:10

Formazione
Mark E. Smith – voce, chitarra (in First One Today)
Peter Greenway – chitarra
Elena Poulou – sintetizzatore
David Spurr – basso
Keiron Melling – batteria
Daren Garratt – batteria, percussioni, cori (in Auto Chip 2014-2016)

Collegamenti esterni


text:
Брайа́н Да́ффи (; род. 1953) — астронавт НАСА. Совершил четыре космических полёта на шаттлах: STS-45 (1992, «Атлантис»), STS-57 (1993, «Индевор»), STS-72 (1996, «Индевор») и STS-92 (2000, «Дискавери»), полковник ВВС США.

Личные данные и образование

Брайан Даффи родился 20 июня 1953 года в городе Бостон, штата Массачусетс. В 1971 году окончил среднюю школу в городе Роклэнд, в том же штате. В 1975 году получил степень бакалавра наук в области математики в Академии ВВС США. В 1981 году получил степень доктора наук в области администрирования и менеджмента в Университете Южной Калифорнии.

Женат на Джанет М. Хэлмс, она из Уэст-Лафайетта, штат Индиана. У них двое детей. Он любит гольф, бег и чтение. Радиолюбитель с позывным N5WQW.

До НАСА
В 1976 году получил степень бакалавриат подготовки пилотов на авиабазе в Коламбусе, в штате Миссисипи. С 1976 года стал летать на самолёте F-15. До 1979 года служил на авиабазе «Лэнгли», штат Виргиния. В конце 1979 года был переведён на авиабазу «Кадена», Окинава, Япония, где в течение трёх лет продолжал летать на F-15. В 1982 году поступил в Школу лётчиков-испытателей. После обучения был распределён на авиабазу «Эглин», во Флориде. Он имеет около 5 000 часов налёта на более чем 25 различных типах самолётов.

Подготовка к космическим полётам
В 1985 году Даффи был приглашён в НАСА. В июле 1985 года был зачислен в отряд НАСА в составе 11-го набора, кандидатом в астронавты. Стал проходить обучение по курсу Общекосмической подготовки (ОКП). По окончании курса, в июле 1986 года получил квалификацию «пилот» и назначение в Офис астронавтов НАСА. Он принимал участие в разработке и тестировании дисплеев, алгоритмов работы лётных экипажей, а также отладкой программного обеспечения шаттлов. Был оператором связи в Центре управления полётами во время нескольких миссий. Он также работал в качестве помощника Директора (технического) и и. о. Директора в Космическом Центре имени Джонсона в Хьюстоне, штат Техас.

Полёты в космос
 Первый полёт — STS-45, шаттл «Атлантис». C 24 марта по 2 апреля 1992 года в качестве пилота. Это был первый из полётов шаттла с лабораторией «ATLAS-1» для изучения атмосферы Земли и её взаимодействие с Солнцем. Продолжительность полёта составила 8 суток 22 часа 10 минут.

 Второй полёт — STS-57, шаттл «Индевор». C 21 июня по 1 июля 1993 года в качестве пилота. Основная цель полёта: доставка шаттлом европейского робота-манипулятора, выход в открытый космос двух членов экипажа, проведение различных экспериментов в первом полёте Спейсхэба, продолжение медико-биологических исследований и астрономических наблюдений. Продолжительность полёта составила 9 суток 23 часа 46 минут.

 Третий полёт — STS-72, шаттл «Индевор». C 11 по 20 января 1996 года в качестве командира корабля. Основной задачей миссии был захват на орбите и возвращение на Землю японского исследовательского спутника — ''Space Flyer Unit (SFU)''. Спутник SFU (вес: 3.577 кг) был запущен с японского космодрома Танэгасима, ракетой — H-II, 18 марта 1995 года. На третий день полёта «Индевора», спутник SFU был захвачен краном-роботом и помещён в грузовой отсек шаттла. Краном-роботом управлял японский астронавт Коити Ваката. Был развернут и выпущен в свободный полёт научно-исследовательский спутник — OAST-Flyer (Office of Aeronautics and Space Technology Flyer). Этот спутник находился в автономном полёте, примерно, 50 часов и удалялся от «Индевора» на расстояние до 72 км. Затем этот спутник был захвачен роботом-манипулятором и вновь помещён в грузовой отсек «Индевора». Проводились исследования озонового слоя атмосферы Земли. Проводились работы по точному измерению высоты полёта шаттла над поверхностью Земли. Проводились также медицинские и биологические исследования. Продолжительность полёта составила 8 суток 22 часа 2 минуты.

 Четвёртый полёт — STS-92, шаттл «Дискавери». C 11 по 24 октября 2000 года в качестве командира корабля. Основной задачей полёта была стыковка с Международной космической станции (МКС), продолжение её сборки, доставка ферменной конструкции Z1, гироскопов с управляющим моментом. Был доставлен герметичный стыковочный переходник-3 (PMA-3), оборудованный стыковочными узлами (был установлен на поддон Спейслэба), первоначально был пристыкован к надирному (нижнему, или обращённому к Земле) порту «Юнити». Продолжительность полёта составила 12 дней 21 час 44 минуты.

Общая продолжительность полётов в космос — 40 дней 17 часов 37 минут.

После полётов
Ушёл из отряда астронавтов и из НАСА 13 июня 2001 года. С 2004 года по 2008 год Даффи был вице-президентом в корпорации Lockheed Martin. В дальнейшем стал вице-президентом в корпорации АТК.

Награды и премии
Награждён: Медаль «За космический полёт» (1992, 1993, 1996 и 2000), Крест лётных заслуг (США), Медаль «За похвальную службу» (США), Медаль «За отличную службу» (США), Медаль похвальной службы (США) и многие другие.

См. также
 Список космонавтов и астронавтов (и кандидатов).
 Список астронавтов США — участников орбитальных космических полётов.
 Хронология пилотируемых космических полётов.

Примечания

Ссылки

Астронавты США
Персоналии:Lockheed
Выпускники Инженерной школы Университета Южной Калифорнии
Выпускники Университета Южной Калифорнии
Выпускники Академии ВВС США
Лётчики-испытатели США


text:
Indy 500 is a 1977 racing video game developed by Atari, Inc. for its Video Computer System (later known as the Atari 2600). It is themed around the Indianapolis 500, and is based on Atari's earlier 8-player arcade game, Indy 800.

Indy 500 was one of the nine launch titles offered when the Atari 2600 went on sale in September 1977. Sears Tele-Games later re-released it as Race. Included with each game was a set of two driving controllers, which were identical in appearance to the 2600 paddle controller but could rotate indefinitely in either direction, among other differences.

Gameplay

Though the packaging material claims it to have fourteen games, this number treats each of the various tracks as a "game". There are actually only three unique game modes, which are as follows. Each can be played with one or two players, and with either a time limit or a score limit.

 Standard racing: Players can race against the clock to complete as many laps as they can, or compete to finish 25 laps (requires two players). A number of courses were featured, which all have "Ice Race" variations featuring slippery physics.
 Crash and Score: This mode requires two players, but one can be computer-controlled. Either way, the goal is to seek out and drive into a white square randomly placed on the track; this will earn whichever player points, and the square will then be randomly placed elsewhere.
 Tag: Similar to the above, this is a two-player mode only. This is essentially tag; whoever has the blinking car gains points by avoiding the other player's car who gains points by "tagging" the blinking car, after which the roles of the players are reversed.

Reception
In 1995, Flux magazine ranked the game 58th on their "Top 100 Video Games."

See also

List of Atari 2600 games
Dodge 'Em (1980)
Math Gran Prix (1982)

References

1977 video games
Atari games
Atari 2600 games
IndyCar Series video games
North America-exclusive video games
Top-down racing video games
Video games developed in the United States
Video games set in Indianapolis


text:
Джон Уолтер Уилкокс (,  — ) — офицер ВМС США, контр-адмирал.

Биография
Уроженец штата Джорджия. Окончил Военно-морскую академию в 1905 году.

Во время Второй мировой войны командовал оперативным соединением № 39 (TF39), которое занималось прикрытием арктических конвоев.

В состав соединения входили линкоры «Вашингтон» (флагман) и «Северная Каролина», авианосец «Уосп», тяжелые крейсера «Уичита» и «Таскалуза», а также 8-й дивизион эскадренных миноносцев.

Инцидент в Северной Атлантике

В марте 1942 года соединение № 39 направлялось в Атлантический океан.

27 марта в точке  недалеко от о. Сейбл контр-адмирал Уилкокс, находившийся на линкоре «Вашингтон», во время мощного шторма упал за борт.

Для поиска адмирала с «Уоспа» был поднят самолёт, который вскоре потерпел аварию и тоже утонул.

После этого командование соединением принял на себя контр-адмирал Р. К. Гиффен.

Контр-адмирал Уилкокс — самый высокопоставленный офицер ВМС США, погибший в море не во время боя.

Ссылки
 Печальная история адмирала Уилкокса
 Блон Ж. Русские конвои

Выпускники Военно-морской академии США
Выпускники Военно-морского колледжа (США)
Преподаватели Военно-морского колледжа (США)
Преподаватели Военно-морской академии США
Участники Второй мировой войны
Контр-адмиралы (США)


text:
|}
Gruppe A der U-20-Fußball-Weltmeisterschaft der Frauen 2010:

Deutschland – Costa Rica 4:2 (2:1)

Kolumbien – Frankreich 1:1 (0:1)

Deutschland – Kolumbien 3:1 (1:0)

Costa Rica – Frankreich 0:2 (0:0)

Frankreich – Deutschland 1:4 (0:2)

Costa Rica – Kolumbien 0:3 (0:2)

Gruppe A


text:
Le cose che ci raccontiamo, pubblicato nel gennaio 2016, è l'ottavo album in studio del gruppo piemontese Perturbazione.

Tracce

Formazione
 Tommaso Cerasuolo - voce
 Cristiano Lo Mele - chitarra, tastiere
 Alex Baracco - basso
 Rossano Antonio Lo Mele - batteria

Classifiche

Note

Collegamenti esterni


text:
Bașlîkî (în ) este un sat în comuna Dubîșce din raionul Kiverți, regiunea Volînia, Ucraina.

Demografie

Conform recensământului din 2001, majoritatea populației localității Bașlîkî era vorbitoare de ucraineană (%), existând în minoritate și vorbitori de alte limbi.

Note

Bașlîkî, Dubîșce, Kiverți, Volîn
Bașlîkî, Dubîșce, Kiverți, Volîn
Bașlîkî, Dubîșce, Kiverți, Volîn


text:
Rajky (v anglickém originále Birds of Paradise) je dokumentární seriál televize BBC ze série Svět přírody vyprávěný Davidem Attenboroughem z roku 2010. Zobrazuje život rajek na Nové Guineji. Seriál sleduje život těchto ptáků, jejich souboje, hledání potravy atd. V Česku je seriál vysílán na Viasat Nature.

Externí odkazy

 Oficiální stránky
 Viasat Nature

Britské vzdělávací televizní seriály
Televizní seriály BBC
Televizní seriály vysílané od roku 2010
Dokumentární seriály o přírodě


text:
Ein Membranreaktor ist eine Anlage zur Durchführung einer chemischen oder biochemischen Reaktion, die eine membranbasierte Trennstufe als integralen Bestandteil beinhaltet. Es gibt jedoch auch Ausführungen, bei denen sich die Membran außerhalb des chemischen Reaktors befindet.
Die Verwendung von Membranreaktoren führt teilweise zur Verbesserung der Selektivität einer Reaktion und durch die kontinuierliche Produktabnahme zur Ausbeuteerhöhung bei gleichgewichtslimitierten Reaktionen.

Die Ausbeuteerhöhung der Reaktion beruht auf der Änderung der Konzentration eines Stoffes durch die kontinuierliche Entfernung bzw. Zuführung aus bzw. in den Reaktionsraum. Dies geschieht selektiv für den betreffenden Stoff durch eine für diesen Stoff durchlässige Membran.

Die Membran in solchen Reaktoren kann z. B. aus porösem Glas oder aus geeigneten Polymerschichten bestehen.

Anwendungen
Membranreaktoren können zur Selektivitätssteigerung bei der Selektivoxidation von Kohlenwasserstoffen verwendet werden. Dabei wird entlang des Katalysatorbetts Sauerstoff zugegeben, so dass durch dessen niedrige örtliche Konzentration die unerwünschte Totaloxidation verhindert, bzw. zurückgedrängt wird. Auch für Dehydrierungsreaktionen von Kohlenwasserstoffen (Bsp. Propan zu Propen) kann die Membranreaktortechnologie verwendet werden. Dabei kommen Palladium/Silber-Kompositmembranen für die Reaktion und zur Wasserstoffabtrennung zum Einsatz.

Auch die Immobilisierung von Enzymen an einer porösen Membran kann als Membranreaktorsystem (Enzymmembranreaktor, EMR) betrachtet werden. Solche Systeme werden in der Biotechnologie verwendet und erleichtern die Abtrennung der Produkte aus dem Reaktionsgemisch (Katalysator, Edukte). Es gibt mehrere technische Verfahren, bei denen Enzymmembranreaktoren in der industriellen Produktion eingesetzt werden, z. B. in der kinetischen Racematspaltung (enantioselektive Hydrolyse) von DL-N-Acetylaminosäuren. Dabei entsteht in einem kontinuierlichen Prozess unter Einwirkung eines geeigneten Enzyms (L-Acylase) ein Gemisch aus der L-Aminosäure, Essigsäure und D-N-Acetylaminosäure, das durch fraktionierende Kristallisation oder Ionenaustauschchromatographie getrennt werden kann. Wegen der vergleichsweise hohen molaren Masse bleibt das Enzym an der Membran, die wie ein molekularer Filter wirkt, hängen, während die Aminosäure, die N-Acetylaminosäure und die Essigsäure passieren können. Teilweise werden auch molekülvergrößerte Enzymderivate, statt reiner Enzyme, in Enzymmembranreaktoren eingesetzt. Auch Amidasen, Hydantoinasen, Racemasen werden schon länger in Membranreaktoren mit Erfolg eingesetzt.

In den Enzymmembranreaktoren lassen sich auch Coenzym-abhängige biochemische Umwandlungen realisieren. Solche Verfahren erlauben z. B. die enantioselektive kontinuierliche Umwandlung von α-Ketocarbonsäuren in enantiomerenreine α-Aminosäuren und werden in technischen Pilotanlagen eingesetzt.
Auch Hydrogenasen wurden erfolgreich eingesetzt.

Analog zu Enzymen, deren katalytische Aktivität mit der makromolekularen Struktur eng verknüpft ist, lassen sich auch chemische Katalysatoren so modifizieren, dass sie durch Membranen zurückgehalten werden. Dieses Konzept wird auch als Chemzym bezeichnet.

Eine weitere Anwendung mit zunehmender Bedeutung ist die Abwasserreinigung mit Membranbelebungsreaktoren (MBR).

Literatur

Einzelnachweise

Chemischer Reaktor
Membrantechnik


text:
El lago Burigi (antes Lueor-lo-Urigi, "lago blanco de Urigi") es un lago endorreico del distrito de Karagwe, en la región de Kagera, en Tanzania. La mitad meridional del lago pertenece a la Reserva de caza de Burigi (Burigi Game Reserve).

Geografía
El lago tiene forma de coma, con una prolongación más estrecha en su parte superior que lo hace más largo en época de lluvias. Tiene entre 30 y 50 km de longitud y 4 km de anchura, aunque en periodos de sequía puede quedarse en 18 km de longitud.  Se encuentra en una depresión sin salida rodeada de colinas, que se elevan unos 300 m por encima del lago. Sus aguas son de color azul intenso. En los aledaños hay extensas zonas pantanosas, sobre todo al norte y especialmente al sur, donde se encuentra reserva de caza de Burigi.

En periodos secos, ocupa unos 70 km². Es alimentado por una serie de ríos procedentes de las colinas entre los que destaca el río Ruiza. La zona está muy poco poblada. Es visible desde las localidades de Useni o de Kavari, aldea de 400 habitantes.

Las zonas pantanosas que lo rodean están cubiertas de papiros y bosques inundables. Las colinas son amarronadas, cubiertas de matorrales y algunos bosques de acacias. En el interior hay numerosos islotes.

Flora y fauna
El entorno del lago es favorable para los pájaros, entre ellos grullas, garzas y pelícanos, jacanas africanas (Actophilornis africana), garcetas y otras zancudas que se desplazan por las amplias ensenadas de las orillas, donde abundan las lechugas de agua (Pistia stratiotes). También se encuentran aquí antílopes acuáticos (Kobus ellipsiprymnus) e hipopótamos con bastante frecuencia. Abundan los mosquitos y hace años el lago estaba infestado de gusano de Guinea (Dracunculus medinensis).

Historia
El lago Burigi fue visitado por la expedición del geógrafo alemán Hans Meyer, pionero en el ascenso al monte Kilimanjaro, que realizó varias expediciones entre 1887 y 1912. En esa época, el lago se llamaba Urigi. Sin embargo, el descubrimiento del lago se atribuye al inglés John Hanning Speke, que buscaba las fuentes del Nilo y recorrió la región en 1858. Fue Speke quien le dio el nombre de Lago Blanco de Urigi.

Enlaces externos
 http://www.ajol.info/index.php/tjs/article/viewFile/18384/17322 (JA Mwambungu, "The diversity of benthic mollusc of lake Victoria and laje Burigi", Tanzania fiesheries research, march 2004)
 http://www.utalii.com/Lake_Victoria/Burigi.htm

Referencias

Burigi


text:
Tuiskon Ziller (* 22. Dezember 1817 in Wasungen (Sachsen-Meiningen); † 20. April 1882 in Leipzig) war ein deutscher Philosoph und Pädagoge (Herbartianer).

Leben
Ziller studierte in Leipzig Philologie, wirkte einige Jahre als Gymnasiallehrer, bezog nochmals die Universität Leipzig zum Studium vor allem der Rechte, habilitierte sich auch 1853 daselbst als juristischer Privatdozent, begann aber schon 1854 über Pädagogik zu lesen, um sich fortan dieser ausschließlich zu widmen. 1861 gründete er ein pädagogisches Seminar, dem er 1862 mit Hilfe eines Vereins von Schulfreunden eine Übungsschule zufügte. 1864 wurde er zum außerordentlichen Professor ernannt. Ziller war eine führende Figur des Herbartianismus und ab 1868 Gründungsvorsitzender des Vereins für Wissenschaftliche Pädagogik.

Schriften
Einleitung in die allgemeine Pädagogik (Leipzig 1856)
Die Regierung der Kinder (Leipzig 1857)
Grundlegung zur Lehre vom ergehenden Unterricht (Leipzig 1865, 2. Aufl. 1884)
Herbartische Reliquien (Leipzig 1871)
Vorlesungen über allgemeine Pädagogik (Leipzig 1876, 2. Aufl. 1884)
Allgemeine philosophische Ethik (Leipzig 1880, 2.Aust. 18?6)

Von 1860 bis 1865 gab er mit Friedrich Heinrich Theodor Allihn (1811–1885) die Zeitschrift für exakte Philosophie (Köthen), von 1865 an mit Ludwig Friedrich Georg Ballauf (1817–1905) die Monatsblätter für wissenschaftliche Pädagogik (Leipzig) heraus. An Stelle der letzteren trat seit 1868 das Jahrbuch des Vereins für wissenschaftliche Pädagogik.

Literatur
 Eintrag Ziller, Tuiskon in Meyers Konversationslexikon (1888)
 Karl Lange: Tuiskon Ziller – Blätter der Erinnerung. Leipzig 1884.
 Emil Müller: Das Paradigma des Herbartianismus unter problemgeschichtlichem Aspekt; Diss. Erfurt 2000 ()(ausführlich, aber nicht immer zuverlässig)

Weblinks

Pädagoge (19. Jahrhundert)
Hochschullehrer (Universität Leipzig)
Vereinsfunktionär
Deutscher
Geboren 1817
Gestorben 1882
Mann


text:
Symphonies pour chœur et orchestre
Les œuvres sont classées par ordre chronologique. Un astérisque (*) indique que le texte est utilisé tout au long de l'ensemble de la composition.
 Fantaisie chorale en ut mineur pour piano, solistes et orchestre, op. 80, de Ludwig van Beethoven (1808) (ce n'est pas une symphonie, mais une des deux œuvres majeures qui impliquent un chœur - voir  à Busoni)
 Symphonie n° 9 en ré mineur, op. 125, de Ludwig van Beethoven (1824)
 Roméo et Juliette, op. 17, de Hector Berlioz (1839)
 Grande symphonie funèbre et triomphale, op. 15, de Hector Berlioz (1840)
 Lobgesang (appelé aussi Symphonie n° 2 en si-bémol majeur), op. 52, de Felix Mendelssohn (1840)
 Faust-Symphonie, de Franz Liszt (1854)
 Dante Symphonie, de Franz Liszt (1856)
 Kullervo, op. 7, de Jean Sibelius (1892) ; texte extrait du Kalevala
 Symphonie n° 2 en ut mineur, « Résurrection », de Gustav Mahler (1894)
 Symphonie n° 3 en ré mineur, de Gustav Mahler (1896)
 Symphonie  en mi majeur, op. 26, d'Alexandre Scriabine (1900)
 Concerto pour piano, en ut mineur, op. 39, de Ferruccio Busoni (1904) (ce n'est pas une symphonie, mais une des deux œuvres majeures qui impliquent un chœur - voir Beethoven plus haut)
 Symphonie nº 3, de Guy Ropartz (1905)
 Symphonie n° 8 en mi-bémol majeur, de Gustav Mahler (1907) *
 A Sea Symphony (Symphonie n° 1), de Ralph Vaughan Williams (1909) *
 Les Cloches, op. 35, de Sergei Rachmaninoff (1913) *
 Symphonie n° 4, de Charles Ives (1916)
 Symphonie nº 3, op. 27, « Chant de la nuit », de Karol Szymanowski (1916)
 Symphonie n° 6, op. 48, de Charles Tournemire (1915-18)
 A Symphony: New England Holidays (ou Holidays symphony), de Charles Ives (1919)
 Symphonie n° 3 en ut majeur, op. 21, de Georges Enesco (1921)
 Symphonie chorale, de Gustav Holst (1924)
 Symphonie n° 1 « The Gothic », d'Havergal Brian (1919-1927)
 Symphonie n° 2 en si-bémol majeur, op. 14, « Octobre », de Dmitri Chostakovitch (1927)
 Symphonie n° 2, O Holy Lord, de Jan Maklakiewicz (1928)
 Symphonie n° 3 en mi-bémol majeur, op. 20, « Premier mai », de Dmitri Chostakovitch (1929)
 Morning Heroes, d'Arthur Bliss (1930) *
 Symphonie de Psaumes, d'Igor Stravinsky (1930) *
 Symphonie n° 4, « Das Siegeslied », d'Havergal Brian (1933) *
 Symphonie n° 3, « The Muses », de Cyril Scott (1937)
 Symphonie n° 4, « Folksong Symphony », de Roy Harris (1940)
 Symphonie n° 4, The Revelation of Saint John, d'Hilding Rosenberg (1940) *
 Symphonie n° 6, d'Erwin Schulhoff (1940)
 The Airborne Symphony, de Marc Blitzstein (1943-46)
 Den judiska sången, de Moses Pergament (1944)
 Symphonie n° 6, « In Memoriam », d'Alexandre Tansman (1944)
 Symphonie n° 5, « Le Gardien du Jardin », d'Hilding Rosenberg (1945)
 Odysseus (Symphonie n° 2), d'Armstrong Gibbs (création 1946)
 Symphonie n° 3, « Te Deum », de Darius Milhaud (1946)
 Spring Symphony, de Benjamin Britten (1947) *
 Symphonie n° 5, de Dimitrie Cuclin (1947)
 Symphonie n° 4, « The Cycle », de Peter Mennin (1948)
 Symphonie n° 10, de Dimitrie Cuclin (1949)
 Symphonie n° 12, de Dimitrie Cuclin (1951)
 Symphonie n° 9, op. 54, « Sinfonia Visionaria », de Kurt Atterberg (1956) *
 Deutsche Sinfonie, d'Hanns Eisler (1957) *
 Symphonie n° 12, op. 188, « Chorale », d'Alan Hovhaness (1960)
 Symphonie nº 13 en si-bémol mineur, op. 113, Babi Yar, de Dmitri Chostakovitch (1962) *
 Symphonie n° 3, « Kaddish », de Leonard Bernstein (1963)
 Symphonie n° 10, « Abraham Lincoln », de Roy Harris (1965)
 Vocal Symphony, d'Ivana Loudová (1965)
 Choral Symphony, de Jean Coulthard (1967)
 Sinfonia, de Luciano Berio (1969)
 Symphonie n° 2, op. 31, « Copernicienne », d'Henryk Górecki (1972) *
 Symphonie n° 9 (Sinfonia Sacra), op. 140, « The Resurrection », d'Edmund Rubbra (1972) *
 Symphonie n° 3, « The Icy Mirror », de Malcolm Williamson (1972) *
 Symphonie n° 23, op. 273, « Majnun », de Alan Hovhaness (1973)
 Symphonie n° 2, « Sinfonia mistica », de Kenneth Leighton (1974)
 Symphonie n° 13, « Bicentennial Symphony », de Roy Harris (1976)
 Symphonie n° 5, de Camargo Guarnieri (1977)
 Symphonie n° 7, « A Sea Symphony », d'Howard Hanson (1977) *
 Sinfonia fidei, Op. 95, d'Alun Hoddinott (1977)
 Symphonie n° 2, « Saint Florian », d'Alfred Schnittke (1979)
 Harmonium, de John Adams (1981) *
 Symphonie n° 3, « Sinfonia da Requiem », de József Soproni (1983)
 Symphonie n° 6, Aphorisms, d'Einar Englund (1984)
 Symphonie n° 4, d'Alfred Schnittke (1984)
 Symphonie n° 58, Sinfonia Sacra, op. 389, d'Alan Hovhaness (1985)
 Symphonie n° 7, « Pietas », d'Erkki-Sven Tüür (1987)
 The Dawn Is at Hand, de Malcolm Williamson (1987-89) *
 Symphonie n° 3, « Journey without Distance », de Richard Danielpour (1989) *
 Symphonie n° 7, op. 116, « Les clés du royaume », de Jan Hanuš (1990)
 Leaves of Grass: A Choral Symphony, de Robert Strassburg (1992)
 Mythodea, de Vangelis (1993) *
 Symphonie n° 2, de Philip Bračanin (1995/1997)
 Symphonie n° 7, « Les sept portes de Jérusalem, de Krzysztof Penderecki (1996)
 Symphonie n° 6, « Chorale », de Carl Vine (1996) *
 Symphonie n° 9, d'Hans Werner Henze (1997) *
 Symphony 1997: Heaven - Earth - Mankind, de Tan Dun (1997)
 Symphonie n° 5, Choral, de Philip Glass (1999) *
 Symphonie n° 4, The Gardens, d'Ellen Taaffe Zwilich (1999)
 River Symphony, de Sean O'Boyle (1999)
 Symphonie n° 2, de Lowell Liebermann (1999)
 Symphonie n° 9, « The Spirit of Time », de Robert Kyr (2000)
 Symphonie n° 4, « Star Chant », de Ross Edwards (2001)
 Symphonie n° 7, « Toltec », de Philip Glass (2005) *
 Symphonie n° 8, « Songs of Transitoriness », de Krzysztof Penderecki (2005)
 Symphonie n° 2, Festinemus amare homines, de Pawel Lukaszewski (2005)
 Symphonie n° 1, Symphony of Providence, de Pawel Lukaszewski (2008)
 Symphonie n° 3, Poems and Prayers, de Mohammed Fairouz (2010)
 Symphonie n° 3, « Symphony of Angels », de Pawel Lukaszewski (2010)
  Unfinished Remembering, de Paul Spicer (2014)* Symphonie chorale pour baryton et soprano, orchestre et chœur. Sur un texte d'Euan Tait.

Symphonies pour chœur non accompagné
Les œuvres sont classées par ordre chronologique. Ces travaux sont composés sans orchestre, mais les compositeurs les ont néanmoins intitulés ou sous-titrés comme des symphonies.
 Atalanta in Calydon, de Granville Bantock (1911)
 Vanity of Vanities, de Granville Bantock (1913)
 A Pageant of Human Life, de Granville Bantock (1913)
 Symphony for Voices, de Roy Harris (1935)
 Symphony for Voices, de Malcolm Williamson (1962)

Références
 Kennedy, Michael. The Oxford Dictionary of Music. Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press, 1985. .

Notes

Symphonies chorales


text:
Zijingshan () is a metro station of Zhengzhou Metro.

The station is an interchange station between Line 1 and Line 2. It became the first interchange station in Zhengzhou Metro system, with the opening of Line 2 on 19 August 2016.

Station layout

The station has 4 levels underground. The concourse is on the B2 level. The platforms for Line 1 and Line 2 are both island platforms. The B3 level is for the platforms of Line 1 and the B4 level is for the platforms of Line 2.

A staircase connecting the platforms on B3 and B4 levels is for passengers transferring from Line 2 to Line 1. Passengers transferring from Line 1 to Line 2 have to go up to the concourse first.

Exits

Surrounding area

Zijingshan Park (紫荆山公园)
Zijingshan Department Store (紫荆山百货大楼)
People's Square (人民广场)
Henan Hotel (河南饭店)
Yellow River Conservancy Commission (黄河水利委员会)
CPC Henan Provincial Committee (中共河南省委)

References

Stations of Zhengzhou Metro
Line 1, Zhengzhou Metro
Line 2, Zhengzhou Metro
Railway stations in China opened in 2013


text:
Lantén puede referirse a:
 el nombre común de la planta Plantago lanceolata
 el nombre común de la planta Plantago major;
 el nombre común de la planta '''''Plantago media.