text:
Micronet 800 was an information provider (IP) on Prestel, aimed at the 1980s personal computer market. It was an online magazine that gave subscribers computer related news, reviews, general subject articles and downloadable telesoftware.

Users would log onto the Prestel network (which was usually a local call) and then access the Micronet 800 home page by entering *800# (hence the name) on their modem or computer.  Most Micronet 800 members would have their default main index page set to page 800 automatically.

History
The name Micronet 800 derives from its home page, 800, on the BT Prestel videotext service.

Micronet 800 derived from the earlier development in 1980 and 1981 of 'Electronic Insight' by Bob Denton. Electronic Insight was a Prestel-based feature-and-price-comparison site listing computers, calculators and other electronic and IT products, whose main page was on page 800 of Prestel.  Electronic Insight was acquired by Telemap Group, a part of EMAP, East Midland (note, not Midlands) Allied Press, in 1982 on the recommendation of Richard Hease, a number of whose computer magazines EMAP had just bought.  Telemap had been formed in 1981 to explore the opportunities of British Telecom's Prestel videotext service.  It had been looking at the horticultural market that EMAP served with a number of magazine titles, notably providing a 'Closed User Group' purchasing network for garden centre businesses, complementing EMAP's printed 'Garden Trade News' magazine. But horticulturalists and IT proved not to be a natural marriage, and the service had insufficient users to make it viable.

Richard Hease, in 1982 Chairman of EMAP's Computer & Business Press which had acquired Electronic Insight, organised a pitch to the Telemap Group by David Babsky of a projected interactive online computer magazine to replace the existing content of Electronic Insight. Babsky showed a 'dummy issue' of the intended online magazine, programmed in Integer BASIC on an Apple II computer. Hease suggested that there be several different 'areas' of the magazine, with titles such as MicroNews, MicroNet (for those interested in networking), etc., and Babsky proposed that the entire project be called 'Micronet 800' to ensure that it could be easily found by anyone using Prestel, as its page number would be part of its name. Hease and Denton negotiated with BT Prestel for a special relationship that would rank it alongside the Nottingham Building Society's plans for its Homelink as the two key thrusts for Prestel.

Hease negotiated with then telecoms minister John Butcher a £25 subsidy for Micronet subscribers to have their homes equipped free with a telephone jack-socket for the relevant modem.

The Telemap editorial staff was first based at 8 Herbal Hill, Clerkenwell, London (after the preliminary discussions and presentation at EMAP's offices in Hatton Garden), and the technical staff in an EMAP building in Peterborough. In 1986 the technical staff moved down to the London building.

Telemap was to be the base for Micronet 800 and the editorial development of the site. Hease's and Denton's "Prism Micro Products", the exclusive distributor of Sinclair Computers in the UK, was charged with developing the required modems for the enterprise, to ensure that Micronet 800's pages could be accessed by such microcomputers as Apple II, ZX81, BBC Micro, Dragon 32/64, IBM PCs, PET, and subsequently the ZX Spectrum, Sinclair QL, Camputers Lynx, VIC-20, Commodore 64, and other 1980s home computers.

Although fast by contemporary standards, Prestel modems were quite slow from today's point of view (1200 baud download, 75 upload) and the display was just 24 lines of 40 characters, with seven colours and very simple block graphics. Yet Micronet 800 had versions of many of the Internet's subsequent features, especially an interactive 'ChatLine' (similar to Internet Relay Chat) developed by Mike Brown, who joined Micronet 800 from the Council for Educational Technology, where he'd devised a standard UK format for downloadable programs which became known as 'telesoftware'.

Micronet 800 was quite similar in scope to, and compatible with, the German Bildschirmtext and French Minitel services, but Minitel achieved volume sales for its terminals by the simple expedient of replacing paper telephone books with their terminals. Based on its success, Minitel proved resilient against the Internet adoption in France.

For Micronet, Denton negotiated that the interested parties would all agree to adopt the CET, Council for Educational Technology, format for telesoftware - one of two then competing formats.  Telesoftware allowed users to download software directly from the Prestel site. Micronet then negotiated with hobbyist computer groups to provide applications and utilities that would be listed on, and be downloadable from, the Micronet 800 site. Approximately 50% of software - for Sinclair, Apple, BBC Micro, IBM, etc. - was available at no cost, and the other 50% was paid for by the automatic addition of the cost of the software to the subscriber's telephone bill.

Prism developed a broad range of modems from a simple acoustic coupler to integrated 'network interfaces' for each of the early home and personal computers.  Prism models included the VTX5000, the only modem custom designed for the popular ZX Spectrum, and the more general purpose Modem 1000 and Modem 2000. These were ready-to-use out of a box, so that the buyer would get the modem with all relevant leads, cards (if necessary) and software to connect with Micronet.

Some 25,000 subscribers were eventually signed up to Micronet 800 to make it the largest CUG, Closed User Group, on Prestel; its total user base peaked at 90,000. Micronet achieved over 1.1 million page views a week. Its first subscriber, who joined on its opening day, 1 March 1983, was Jeremy Dredge, an estate agent from Thames Ditton in Surrey. Its 10,000th subscriber was Tom Corcoran, a director of BBC television's Top Of The Pops.

In 1985 Telemap saw that Prism was preoccupied with its Sinclair computer distribution agency and in developing Prism's own 'luggable' Wren microcomputer, so prospective Micronet subscribers were then sent a list of several other modem suppliers.

Following Prism's collapse in 1985 and the subsequent purchase of their stock by Telemap, and in a bid to increase take-up, Micronet 800 encouraged users by giving away a free modem to new users subscribing for a year.

However, in a move that saw the demise of Micronet, Prestel priced the home user out of the service with a new pricing structure, adding time charges on top of the phone charges for evening access which effectively killed off home usage even though the network was under-utilized during the 6pm to 8am time-slot. Today this remains the peak usage time of the Internet.

Many of the lessons learned with respect to online publishing and interactive services were pioneered by Micronet 800 and became every bit as important with the growth of the Internet.

BT became the majority shareholder in 1987 (after a previous 19% Telemap stake had been sold to Bell Canada) initially managing the company as part of BT Spectrum, its Value Added Services Group, before passing the group to BT Prestel. In 1988 the company passed a milestone by becoming the only Value Added Data service to become profitable. In 1989 BT finally acquired the entire company, moved it into a BT building (Dialcom House) in Apsley, just outside Hemel Hempstead in Hertfordshire, and folded the business into first the Dialcom Group along with the rest of the BT Prestel companies and Telecom Gold and subsequently BT Managed Network Services.

In 1991 along with all its online services, BT closed the service deciding to focus on providing network services and transferred the subscriber base to Compuserve which subsequently became AOL in the UK.

The Micronet service closed 31 October 1991. It had 10,000 members at closure and was "easily the largest online service in the UK specialising in microcomputing".  Despite this apparent success, this was less than 10% of the number of users they were predicting having shortly after launch.

Micronet/Telemap Management:

 Richard Hease - chairman and co-founder 1982-1983
 Bob Denton - co-founder 1982-1983
 Tim Schoonmaker - Managing Director 1983-1986
 Ian Rock - Publisher (formerly Marketing Manager) 1983-1986 (Author of 'How To Run The Country Manual')
 Tom Baird - BT liaison
 John Tomany - Managing Director 1987-1990
 Michael Weatherseed - General Manager 1990-1991

Micronet editors:

David Babsky, founding editor
Simon D'Arcy, Editor then Publisher
Sid Smith (author of "Something Like A House", Whitbread award-winning novel), news editor, then editor.
Francis Jago (Now CEO of Fingal, a creative communications agency in London)
Paul Needs, Amstrad & PC staff writer, then editor then managing editor computer and leisure service. Paul is now a professional entertainer and recording artist.
Ian Burley, Micronet's final editor (Now CEO of The Write Technology Ltd, an Internet online publishing business behind Digital Photography Now)
Barbara Conway (died 1991), part-time media editor in the early years of Micronet 800

Other editorial staff
Ken Young - online journo and roving reporter
Adam Denning - original Technical Editor
David Rosenbaum - News Editor and editor of Musicnet
Chris Bourne - Sunday Xtra editor
Paul Vigay - Acorn Editor
Chris Lewis - Sinclair Editor
Ian Burley - Acorn Editor, then News Editor.
Rupert Goodwins - editorial assistant
Afshin Rattansi - music and arts journalist
David Farmbrough - music journalist

Production team:

Robin Wilkinson - publisher in Peterborough, testing, sales and downloading; previously EMAP's Telemap publisher
Val Burgess - previously of Prestel, Micronet 800 telesoftware database manager
Mike Brown - previously of CET, Technical Director
Richard Tyner- Software sales and acquisition,
John Mason - software testing and pricing
John Prout - technical help desk
Denise Shemuel - editorial database manager, London
Colin Morgan
Roger "Woj" Cracknell
Gary Richard Smith
Robert O'Donnell
Patrick Reilly
Daemonn Brody
Denise Slater - graphic designer for downloadable software pages, in Peterborough
Anna Smith - editorial graphic designer in London, then Super sub-editor
Sharon Giles

Marketing Team:
Ian Rock - Marketing Manager
Peter Probert - PR Manager.
Phil Godsell - Product Manager
Lynne Thomas (the late) - Exhibitions Manager
Claire Walker - Advertising and PR Executive
Lynne Bennett - Marketing Executive

Other contributors:

Steve Gold
Robert Schifreen - previously 'Bug Buster' columnist in Richard Hease's 'Computer & Video Games' magazine.
David Janda

Quotes:

"There is no future for online services aimed at domestic computer users" - Michael Collins, the department head of Prestel/Telecom Gold Business Services, stated in a meeting with Paul Needs. [February 1990 - Paul Needs]

"Micronet is to communication in the 80s what the [Gutenberg] Bible was to the Middle Ages" - David Babsky, Micronet Editor, 1984.

Services provided

Micronet 800 pioneered many public online services, such as Multi User Games, long before the Internet was in widespread use.
Chatlines: Users could post messages that other users could see and respond to. Celebrity Chatline was a weekly feature conceived by Publisher Ian Rock and implemented by Sid Smith in which a prominent person was interviewed by Micronet users whose questions appeared onscreen, with Micronet personnel usually typing the answers (if the 'celebrity' couldn't type or format the text themselves). Early 'celebrities' included Sir Clive Sinclair, Feargal Sharkey, Fatima Whitbread and Lord Cardigan.
Downloadable software: Micronet 800 implemented the CET specification that allowed 8 bit files to be transmitted over a 7 bit medium, with some basic error detection and error correction.
Online games: The longest-running game on the system was StarNet, a Play-by-mail game, whereby the players would send in moves which would be executed once a day (a sort of very slow game of chess, where the aim was to become the emperor of the galaxy) run by Liverpudlian Mike Singleton by inputting the moves he was forwarded by email from Micronet into a Commodore PET computer. Micronet 800 also hosted SHADES, one of the first MUDs - a realtime, highly competitive hack-and-slash game that is still running today.
E-mail: Each Prestel user had a unique number (usually the last nine digits of the subscriber's telephone number), and this could be used to send messages. Micronet users were reported to be particularly enthusiastic about the medium, sending twice as many 'mailbox' messages as regular Prestel users. On 1 July 1984 users could send a pre-formatted 'Happy Birthday' email to Princess Diana via Prince Philip, in whose name the Buckingham Palace press office telephone number had been registered as a Prestel user.
Gallery: Conceived by Publisher Ian Rock, this was an area where users could post their own pages about anything they wished, subject to minor oversight for libel and obscenity.
News and reviews: Micronet was frequently the first organisation worldwide to report on happenings in the UK computer industry.

References

External links
The Micronet Story
PrismVTX 5000 modem for Micronet 800
Shades the Game
Celebrating the Viewdata Revolution

BT Group
Legacy systems
Pre–World Wide Web online services
Teletext


text:
Jean Leunis, né en 1532 à Liège (Belgique) et décédé le  à Turin (Italie), était un prêtre jésuite liégeois. Il est le fondateur des Congrégations mariales, aujourd'hui connues sous le nom de « Communautés de vie chrétienne » (CVX).

Fondation des congrégations mariales
On ne connait rien de la jeunesse de Leunis sinon qu'il est entré dans la Compagnie de Jésus, à Rome, quelques semaines avant la mort de saint Ignace de Loyola, en 1556. Alors qu'il était professeur de Latin au Collège Romain (aujourd'hui Université grégorienne) (1560-64) il prit l'habitude de rassembler un groupe d'étudiants pour les engager à une vie spirituelle plus profonde (prière personnelle, dévotion à la Vierge Marie, vie sacramentelle régulière) et les inciter à des « œuvres de charité » dans la ville de Rome. Le groupe se réunissait régulièrement : le soutien et l'aide mutuelle étaient importants. L'initiative était novatrice : pour la première fois, on offrait à des non-clercs la possibilité d'approfondir leur foi et la vie chrétienne.

Développement
L'idée répondait à une attente spirituelle et eut du succès. À partir de 1565, Leunis commença à voyager et à fonder de nouveaux petits groupes. Partant généralement des collèges jésuites qui s'y trouvaient, de nombreuses villes eurent leurs congrégations mariales : des groupes séparés pour étudiants, hommes, femmes, etc. Aux pratiques de dévotion et à la prière se joignaient toujours une attention chrétienne aux autres - surtout les plus nécessiteux - et d'autres activités apostoliques.

Modèle Romain
La congrégation mariale du Collège romain fut considérée comme un modèle et fut même déclarée officiellement la Prima primaria par le Pape Grégoire XIII en 1584, à laquelle les autres devaient s'affilier. C'était là, en fait, le premier mouvement laïc dans l'Église. Le mouvement se répandit à l'étranger : Paris, Lyon et les principales villes d'Italie, d'Espagne, du Portugal, des Pays-Bas méridionaux, d'Allemagne eurent leurs congrégations. À la mort de Leunis (), 48 groupes étaient affiliés à la Prima primaria de Rome et 70 ans plus tard il y en avait 1459.  Ces groupes de laïcs contribuèrent beaucoup au renouveau de l'Église dans l'esprit du concile de Trente (1545-1563).

Annexes

Bibliographie
 L. Brien: Le P. Jean Leunis (1532-84), pèlerin du Christ sur les pas d'Ignace, dans Cahiers de spiritualité ignatienne, XV, 1991, p. 71-83.
 J. Wicki & R. Dendal: Le P.Jean Leunis, fondateur des Congrégations mariales, Rome, 1951.

Lien externe
 Le site de la Communauté de vie chrétienne (CVX)

Naissance en 1532
Naissance à Liège
Décès en novembre 1584
Jésuite belge
Religieux belge (avant 1830)
Décès à Turin

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Příjmení Štencl nese více různých osobností:

 Ivana Štenclová (* 1980) – česká vizuální umělkyně
 Ján Štencl (1912–1997) – slovenský a československý politik
 Jitka Štenclová (* 1952) – česká akademická malířka a textilní výtvarnice


text:
Thomas Richard Suozzi  (* 31. August 1962 in Glen Cove, New York) ist ein US-amerikanischer Politiker. Seit dem 3. Januar 2017 vertritt er den Bundesstaat New York im US-Repräsentantenhaus.

Werdegang
Thomas Suozzi ist der Sohn eines in die Vereinigten Staaten eingewanderten Italieners und einer Mutter mit irischen und englischen Vorfahren. Er besuchte katholische Schulen und absolvierte die Chaminade High School sowie das Boston College, wo er zwischen 1980 und 1984 das Fach Buchhaltung studierte. Nach einem anschließenden Jurastudium an der Fordham University wurde er 1989 als Rechtsanwalt zugelassen. Zwischen 1984 und 1986 arbeitete er als Revisor für die Firma Arthur Anderson and Company. Nach dem Abschluss seines Jurastudiums war er in den Jahren 1989 und 1990 für Bundesrichter Thomas Collier Platt als Law Clerk tätig. Von 1990 bis 1993 war er bei der Firma Shearman & Sterling Limited Liability Partnership angestellt. Später arbeitete er als Certified Public Accountant. Diesen Beruf übt er bis heute aus. Zwischenzeitlich hatte er auch einige Beraterfunktionen und die unten aufgeführten politischen Ämter inne.

Politisch schloss er sich der Demokratischen Partei an. Zwischen 1994 und 2001 fungierte er als Bürgermeister seiner Heimatgemeinde Glen Cove; von 2001 bis 2009 war er Leiter (Executive) der Verwaltung des Nassau County, was in etwa einem Landrat entspricht, bei der Wahl im November 2009 unterlag er dem Republikaner Ed Mangano. Im Jahr 2006 kandidierte er erfolglos in den Vorwahlen seiner Partei für das Amt des Gouverneurs von New York. Dabei unterlag er Eliot Spitzer. 2013 war Suozzi erneut demokratischer Kandidat bei der Wahl zum County Executive des Nassau County, bei der er wiederum Mangano unterlag. Bei den Kongresswahlen des Jahres 2016 wurde Suozzi im dritten Wahlbezirk von New York gegen den Republikaner Jack Martins in das US-Repräsentantenhaus in Washington, D.C. gewählt, wo er am 3. Januar 2017 die Nachfolge von Steve Israel antrat, der 2016 nicht mehr kandidiert hatte. Die Wahlen 2018 und 2020 konnte Suozzi ebenfalls gewinnen. Seine aktuelle Legislaturperiode im Repräsentantenhaus des 117. Kongresses läuft noch bis zum 3. Januar 2023.

Einzelnachweise

Weblinks
 Biographie beim Project Vote Smart
 Suozzi bei Ballotpedia

Mitglied des Repräsentantenhauses der Vereinigten Staaten für New York
Bürgermeister (Glen Cove)
Mitglied der Demokratischen Partei (Vereinigte Staaten)
Rechtsanwalt (Vereinigte Staaten)
US-Amerikaner
Geboren 1962
Mann


text:
10135 Wimhermsen eller 1993 LZ1 är en asteroid i huvudbältet som upptäcktes den 13 juni 1993 av den amerikanske astronomen Henry E. Holt vid Palomarobservatoriet. Den är uppkallad efter Wim Hermsen.

Asteroiden har en diameter på ungefär 4 kilometer och den tillhör asteroidgruppen Vesta.

Referenser

Huvudbältesasteroider
Vesta-asteroider
Småplaneter namngivna efter personer
Astronomiska upptäckter av HE Holt
Astronomiska upptäckter 1993


text:
Upton is een wijk in het Londense bestuurlijke gebied Bexley, in het zuidoosten van de regio Groot-Londen.

Wijk in Londen
London Borough of Bexley


text:
Нурлан Абдикаликов (;  17 серпня 1965, Кочкор, Киргизька Радянська Соціалістична Республіка —  1988, Москва) — радянський боксер, призер чемпіонату Європи серед аматорів.

Спортивна кар'єра
Нурлан Абдикаликов змалку ріс без батька, тому розумів, що мусить вміти постояти за себе. З десяти років почав займатися боксом. Став призером кількох всесоюзних і міжнародних турнірів в своїй віковій категорії, а 1982 року завоював золото чемпіонату СРСР серед юнаків. Нурлан ввійшов до складу юнацької збірної СРСР.

1984 року Нурлан Абдикаликов став чемпіоном СРСР в легкій вазі.

На чемпіонаті Європи у червні 1985 зайняв третє місце, здобувши дві перемоги і програвши у півфіналі Торстену Кох (НДР) — 0-5.

Цей успіх став останнім в кар'єрі Абдикаликова. Ще у лютому 1985 року на чемпіонаті СРСР в півфінальному бою у нього стався нервовий зрив, після якого його відправили на лікування в клінічний госпіталь імені М. Н. Бурденка. Пізніше його комісували з армії, оскільки на той час він значився військовослужбовцем, і перестали залучати до лав збірної. Абдикаликова не стало наприкінці 1988 року. Ні точна дата, ні причина смерті невідомі.

Примітки

Посилання
 Результати чемпіонату Європи 1985

Уродженці Киргизстану
Радянські боксери
Боксери легкої ваги
Бронзові призери чемпіонатів Європи з боксу


text:
Hanna Chang and Alexa Glatch were the defending champions but Glatch chose not to participate. Chang partnered alongside Makenna Jones, but lost in the semifinals to Han Na-lae and Jang Su-jeong.

Sophie Chang and Anna Danilina won the title, defeating Han and Jang in the final, 2–6, 7–6(7–4), [11–9].

Seeds

Draw

Draw

References

External links
Main Draw

Koser Jewelers Tennis Challenge - Doubles


text:
Anne-Marie Chouillet, née Anne-Marie Roche le  à Paris  et morte à Paris  le , est un professeur certifiée de mathématiques, devenue spécialiste et éditrice de Diderot, D'Alembert et Condorcet, de l'Encyclopédie et de la presse du .

En 1984, Anne-Marie Chouillet et son époux Jacques Chouillet furent les principaux organisateurs de rencontres scientifiques et savantes dans le cadre du bicentenaire du décès de Denis Diderot. Dans la foulée, ils avaient fondé la Société Diderot, et la revue Recherches sur Diderot et sur l'Encyclopédie.

Travaux

Éditions des œuvres de Diderot
Anne-Marie Chouillet et son époux ont collaboré à l'édition scientifique de textes de Denis Diderot, en particulier pour les Œuvres complètes de Diderot publiées chez Hermann à Paris (coll. dite DPV).

 Diderot, Œuvres complètes, X. Fiction, II. Le drame bourgeois, Paris, Hermann, 1982.
 Le Neveu de Rameau, Satire seconde, Paris 1982.
 La religieuse, Paris 1983.
 Jacques le fataliste, Paris 1983.
 Le Rêve de d'Alembert et autres écrits philosophiques, Paris, 1984.
 Le neveu de Rameau, satires, contes et entretiens, Paris, 1984.
 Le neveu de Rameau, introduction par Jacques Chouillet et les ill. de Michel Otthoffer, Paris, Imprimerie nationale, 1982.
 Voyage à Bourbonne, à Langres et autres récits, Paris, Aux amateurs de livres, 1989. Rééd. Langres, Dominque Guéniot, 2013 ( éd. revue et augmentée).
 Une lettre inédite de Diderot, Recherches sur Diderot et sur l'Encyclopédie, 1994, , .

Actes de colloques
 Denis Diderot : actes du colloque international, Paris, Sèvres, Reims, Langres, 04-11/07/1984, Paris, Aux amateurs de livres, 1985.
 Sylviane Albertan-Coppola, Anne-Marie Chouillet (dir.), La matière et l'homme dans l'Encyclopédie : [colloque, Joinville, 10-12/07/1995], Klincksieck, 1998.
 Les ennemis de Diderot : [colloque, Société Diderot, 25-26/10/1991], Klincksieck, 1993.

Éditions des œuvres de Condorcet
 Condorcet, Almanach anti-superstitieux

Autres publications
 Un peu d'histoire, Recherches sur Diderot et sur l'Encyclopédie, 2015, , p. 3-5.
 avec J.-N. Rieucau, Une « Note » inédite de Condorcet sur Diderot, Recherches sur Diderot et sur l'Encyclopédie, 2010, , p. 91-104.
 Diderot (1713-1784), notice dans le Dictionnaire des journalistes, [Dictionnaire des journalistes, http://dictionnaire-journalistes.gazettes18e.fr/journaliste/240-denis-diderot en ligne].
 Louis de Jaucourt (1704-1780, notice dans le Dictionnaire des journalistes : 1600-1789, en ligne.
 Le concept de beauté dans les écrits théoriques de Rameau, in Rameau en Auvergne, Recueil d'études établi et présenté par Jean-Louis Jam, Clermont-Ferrand, 1986, p. 101–103.
 L'anecdote Diderot-Euler ou Dieu prouvé par A+B, Dix-huitième siècle, 1979, , .
 Diderot et les despotes, Mots, 1983, , .
 Vocabulaire politique de Diderot : méthodes de classement et principes d'interprétation, Studies on Voltaire and the eighteenth century, 1980, , .
 avec Jacques Chouillet, Vocabulaire politique de Diderot et de quelques encyclopédistes, Mots, 1980, , .
 Dossier du Fils naturel et du Père de famille, Studies on Voltaire and the eighteenth century, 1982, , .
 Chronologie des écrits dramatiques de Diderot, In : Diderot [et le théâtre], Comédie française, 1984, .
 Peuple versus populace : analyse de quelques occurrences dans l'œuvre de Diderot et dans celle de Condorcet, Revue française d'histoire du livre, 1990, .

Bibliographie
 Irène Passeron et al. (dir.), Sciences, musiques, Lumières : mélanges offerts à Anne-Marie Chouillet, Centre international d'étude du , 2002.

Notes et références

Liens externes

Naissance en juillet 1921
Naissance dans le 20e arrondissement de Paris
Éditrice française
Spécialiste de Diderot
Professeur de mathématiques
Décès en mai 2016
Décès dans le 16e arrondissement de Paris
Décès à 94 ans


text:
Baron Rochester, of Rochester in the County of Kent, ist ein erblicher britischer Adelstitel in der Peerage of the United Kingdom.

Verleihung
Der Titel wurde am 23. Januar 1931 dem Politiker Sir Ernest Henry Lamb verliehen. Er diente 1931 bis 1935 als Paymaster General. 1955 beerbte ihn sein ältester Sohn als 2. Baron.

Liste der Barone Rochester (1931)
 Ernest Lamb, 1. Baron Rochester (1876–1955)
 Foster Lamb, 2. Baron Rochester (* 1916)

Voraussichtlicher Titelerbe (Heir apparent) ist der ältere Sohn des aktuellen Titelinhabers, Hon. David Charles Lamb (* 1944).

Siehe auch
 Earl of Rochester
 Viscount Rochester

Einzelnachweise

Weblinks
 Leigh Rayment's Peerage Page

Rochester

Erstverleihung 1931


text:
Cuchery () is a commune in the Marne department in north-eastern France.

See also
Communes of the Marne department
Eugène Charles Miroy
Montagne de Reims Regional Natural Park

References

Communes of Marne (department)


text:
«Зозулі» () — американський комедійний мюзикл Пола Слоуна 1930 року.

Сюжет

У ролях
 Берт Вілер — Горобець
 Роберт Вулсі — професор Каннінгем
 Дороті Лі — Аніта
 Джобіна Гоуланд — Фанні Ферст
 Г'ю Тревор — Біллі Шеннон
 Джун Клайд — Рут Честер
 Іван Лебедефф — Барон
 Маргарита Падула — Гіпсова Королева
 Мітчелл Льюїс — Джуліус
 Реймонд Морель — Гіпсова Сестра

Примітки

Посилання
 The Cuckoos на сайті Internet Movie Database
 The Cuckoos  на сайті AllMovie

Фільми США 1930
Кінокомедії 1930
Фільми англійською мовою
Кінокомедії США
Мюзикли
Чорно-білі фільми США
Фільми RKO Pictures


text:
John Dewhirst ist der Name folgender Personen:

* John Dewhirst (Archäologe), kanadischer Archäologe
 John Dawson Dewhirst (1952–1978?), englischer Lehrer und Terroropfer in Kambodscha


text:
Сергій Георгієв (,  20 жовтня 1991, Кірсова) — молдовський футболіст, півзахисник клубу «Шериф».

Клубна кар'єра
У дорослому футболі дебютував 2008 року виступами за команду клубу «Шериф», кольори якої захищає й донині.

Виступи за збірні
Залучався до складу молодіжної збірної Молдови. На молодіжному рівні зіграв у 5 офіційних матчах, забив 1 гол.

2011 року дебютував в офіційних матчах у складі національної збірної Молдови. Наразі провів у формі головної команди країни 1 матч.

Досягнення
 Чемпіон Молдови (4) :
 «Шериф»: 2008-09, 2009-10, 2011-12, 2012-13.
 Володар Кубка Молдови (2) :
 «Шериф»: 2008-09, 2009-10.
 Володар Суперкубка Молдови (1):
 «Шериф»: 2014.
 Володар Кубка Співдружності (1):
 «Шериф»: 2009.

Посилання
 Статистика виступів на сайті national-football-teams.com
 Профіль футболіст на сайті moldova.sports

Молдовські футболісти
Гравці молодіжної збірної Молдови з футболу
Гравці збірної Молдови з футболу
Футболісти «Шерифа» (Тирасполь)


text:
Hōraku ware (豊楽焼) is a type of Japanese pottery historically from Nagoya, Owari Province, central Japan. The first character 豊, which means "abundant", can be compounded and pronounced as "Hō" or "Toyo", therefore it is also known as Toyoraku ware.

History
Production started in the later Edo period when it was founded by Rikei Katō (1708–1796), a ceramist who lived in the Owari domain. His successor, Toyohachi (?-1801), continued the style under that name. Some source state he worked in the central Ōsu area of Nagoya, south of the temple Banshō-ji, however that conflicts with the family memoir which states that he lived in Fujimigahara, and that the third generation moved in 1753 from Fujimigahara to central Nagoya, which is also confirmed by a reference in the sen-cha text called "Sencha Soshinan", published in 1779.

Toyoraku's third generation Daiki Toyosuke (大喜豊助 1779~1864) took up the family name Daiki, which was to remain. He served as a master of his craft in the Owari domain. In addition to Unge ware, Oribe, aka-e, shimitsu and fukai, etc. he also used natural mottling on earthenware to produce a marbleized effect. The 1801 tea handbook Sencha Hayashinan mentions Toyosuke as an expert of teaware, with the following words of praise: "Except for kibisho (kyūsu) teapots, it is unnecessary to go seek for masters in the capital." The seals were "Toyaka" (豊禾) and "Toyosuke" (豊助).

The fourth generation Toyosuke (四代豊助 1813~1858) moved back to Nagoya and worked in Kamimaezu (上前津) in today's Naka-ku. He also produced ceramic ware in the Owari domain. He specialised in making elaborate ceramic pieces by applying makie-e, that made them look as if they are complete lacquerware or made out of wood. Some of his works were done in the Raku ware style, from which it received its name.

The fifth generation Toyosuke died in 1885.

The sixth generation Toyosuke lived from 1848-1917. He apparently made tea wares and sculptural pieces made to the order of Emperor Meiji in 1876, and also exhibited domestically and abroad, winning a prize at the Exposition Universelle (1878) in Paris. From 1896 he began actively exporting wares to the United States. In his late years, he turned his attention to the workshop specialty of Raku-type ware.

His son became the seventh head of the workshop but died prematurely from illness. Therefore his second son became the eighth and last generation head of the workshop in Taishō 3 (1915).

See also
During the time of the production Ofukei ware, Hagiyama ware and Sasashima ware were also made, mostly for tea utensils.

Other pottery from Nagoya and the wider Owari region:

 Kawana ware
 Tokoname ware
 Inuyama ware

References

External links

 https://asia.si.edu/object/F1901.182a-b/

Culture in Nagoya
History of Nagoya
Japanese pottery


text:
Šёl soldat s fronta (Шёл солдат с фронта) è un film del 1939 diretto da Vladimir Grigor'evič Legošin.

Trama

Note

Collegamenti esterni


text:
Guido van de Kamp (Sint-Michielsgestel, 8 februari 1964) is een voormalig Nederlands voetballer die als doelman speelde.

Van de Kamp begon zijn loopbaan bij FC Den Bosch waar hij debuteerde en tussen 1984 en begin 1991 reservedoelman achter Jan van Grinsven was. Hij werd verhuurd aan N.E.C. waarvoor hij in drie duels in actie kwam en reserve was achter Wilfried Brookhuis. In de zomer van 1991 ging hij naar Schotland waar hij eerst tot 1995 voor Dundee United speelde waarmee hij in 1994 de Scottish Cup won. Hierna speelde hij twee seizoenen voor Dunfermline Athletic waarmee hij in 1996 kampioen in de Scottish First Division werd. In 1997 speelde hij een maand op huurbasis in Noord-Ierland voor Glentoran. Aansluitend speelde hij tot 2001 voor Raith Rovers alvorens zijn loopbaan datzelfde jaar bij Alloa Athletic te besluiten.

Hij speelde nog bij zijn jeugdclub RKVV Sint-Michielsgestel waar hij later keeperstrainer werd. Dat was hij ook een periode bij FC Den Bosch en hij verliet in 2018 de organisatie van de club waar hij toen facilitair medewerker was. In 2015 werd hij opgenomen in de hall of fame van Dundee United. Hij was ook keeperstrainer bij RKDVC, HVCH en EVVC.

Kamp, Guide van de


text:
Chima [t͡ʃiːma], (* 6. November 1972 in Frankfurt am Main geboren, eigentlich Chimaobinna Enyiakanwanne Onyele), ist ein deutscher Musiker. Er steht bei der Universal Music Group unter Vertrag und ist Mitglied von Brothers Keepers.

Leben
Chimas Eltern waren Anfang der 1960er-Jahre von Nigeria nach Deutschland gezogen. Er wurde in Frankfurt a. M. geboren, ging dort in den Kindergarten und machte das Abitur auf der Ernst-Reuter-Schule. Mit 16 oder 17 Jahren besucht er das erste Mal Nigeria, was seinen Blick auf seine Eltern stark veränderte. Nach dem Abitur begann er ein Studium der Soziologie. Er ist Vater eines Sohnes.

Karriere
Mitte der 1990er-Jahre trat Chima mit dem Geschwisterpaar Aisha und Ismael Abdallah als Teil der englischsprachigen Rapgruppe Otropic T(h)ree auf. Ihre erste Platte scheiterte kommerziell, die Gruppe löste sich später auf. Erste Charterfolge erzielte der Sänger erst 2000 als Teil von Brothers Keepers, mit denen er durch den Erfolg der Top-4-Single Adriano (Letzte Warnung) deutschlandweit bekannt wurde. Im Anschluss daran erschien sein Solodebüt Reine Glaubenssache, das 2002 über EMI veröffentlicht wurde und aus dem die beiden Singles Ich leb das und Lass los ausgekoppelt wurden. Zu dieser Zeit ging er als Supportact mit Herbie Hancock auf Tour und begann mit den Vorbereitungen für sein zweites Album Im Rahmen der Möglichkeiten, das im Oktober 2005 nach einem Labelwechsel bei Pelham Power Productions erschien. Die erste Singleauskopplung aus dem Album, Wundervoll, wurde auch im Radio gespielt und zeigt die Wandlung vom Rapper zum deutschsprachigen Reggae-/Soulsänger.

2011 unterschrieb er einen Vertrag bei Konrad Sommermeyer (* 1979), der auch Tim Bendzko und Frida Gold managt. 2012 wurde er von der Universal Music Group unter Vertrag genommen. Mit der ersten Labelveröffentlichung, der Single Morgen, hatte er seine erste Chartplatzierung. Ähnlichkeiten mit dem Song Morgen von Herr von Grau haben unter anderem bei den Fans beider Parteien auf Facebook und der Bild für Furore gesorgt.

Zu Morgen gibt es auch einen Remix von Deichkind. Wenige Wochen nach der Singleveröffentlichung folgte das Album Stille, auf dem beim Stück Kleinigkeiten die Sängerin Lary mitwirkt.

Im November 2012 spielte Chima seine bislang einzige eigene Tournee unter dem Titel Merkst du was Tour. Im Oktober 2015 ging er erneut auf Deutschland-Tournee.

2019 sang er mit Namika das Titellied zu dem Film Rate Your Date und kündigte das Erscheinen eines neuen Albums im selben Jahr an.

Diskografie
Alben
 2002: Reine Glaubenssache
 2005: Im Rahmen der Möglichkeiten
 2012: Stille
 2014: Von Steinen und Elefanten

Singles
 2001: Ich leb das
 2002: Lass los
 2005: Wundervoll
 2006: Immer noch
 2012: Morgen
 2012: Ausflug ins Blaue
 2012: Fliegen
 2014: 100 Elefanten
 2014: Das große Schweigen (exklusiv bei Spotify)
 2019: Wir können alles sein (mit Namika)

Quellen

Weblinks

 Chima bei Allesreal.de
 Chima bei Brothers Keepers
 Biographie bei Universal Music
 Fabian Elsäßer: "Die deutsche Sprache ist mir ein persönliches Anliegen". Deutschlandfunk, 14. Juli 2012 (Interview).

Popsänger
Rapper
Pseudonym
Deutscher
Geboren 1972
Mann


text:
Zizania latifolia, known as Manchurian wild rice (), is the only member of the wild rice genus Zizania native to Asia. It is used as a food plant. Both the stem and grain are edible. Gathered in the wild, Manchurian wild rice was an important grain in ancient China. A wetland plant, Manchurian wild rice is now very rare in the wild, and its use as a grain has completely disappeared in Asia, though it continues to be cultivated for its stems. A measure of its former popularity is that the surname Jiǎng (), one of the most common in China, derives from this crop.

Cultivation

Zizania latifolia is grown as an agricultural crop across Asia. The success of the crop depends on the smut fungus Ustilago esculenta. The grass is not grown for its grain, as are other wild rice species, but for the stems, which swell into juicy galls when infected with the smut. When the fungus invades the host plant it causes it to hypertrophy; its cells increasing in size and number. Infection with U. esculenta prevents the plant from flowering and setting seed so the crop is propagated asexually, by rhizome. New sprouts are infected by spores in the environment, which is generally a paddy. The galled stems are harvested as a vegetable known as  in China. Its Japanese name is makomotake. The galled section of the stem is  wide and up to  long. This vegetable has been grown for at least 400 years. It is popular for its flavor and tender texture, and it is eaten raw or cooked. Its taste resembles fresh bamboo shoots. It stays crisp when stir-fried. The main harvesting season is between September and November. This is typhoon season in parts of Asia, a time when many other vegetables are unavailable. This makes the product more attractive to consumers.

Invasive species
It has been accidentally introduced into the wild in New Zealand and is considered an invasive species there. It has been introduced into Hawaii.

Importation of the stems to the United States is prohibited in order to protect the North American wild rice species from the fungus.

Research
This wild rice can be crossed with ordinary rice by protoplast fusion. Manual "repeated pollination", a different approach, produces fertile offspring with ~0.1% wild rice DNA.

The genome of the species was initially sequenced in 2015. In 2022, a new sequencing project produced a chromosome-level (2n=2x=34) assembly.

References

Flora of Myanmar
Flora of China
Flora of Assam (region)
Flora of Japan
Flora of Korea
Flora of Siberia
Flora of Taiwan
Flora of Vietnam
Cereals
Rice
Oryzoideae
Stem vegetables


text:
Hogg Robinson Group was a corporate travel management company. It was acquired by American Express Global Business Travel in July 2018.

History
Hogg Robinson Group was established in 1845, by brothers in law Francis Hogg, a young wine merchant, and Augustus Robinson, an insurance broker.

The partnership developed mercantile and insurance interests from offices in Birchin Lane in the City of London. Its travel business was established after World War II. By 1984, it was one of the four largest travel agency operators in the United Kingdom, and included the chains Wakefield Fortune and Blue Star, as well as the shops of Hogg Robinson.

In June 1993, the retail division was sold to Airtours (later MyTravel Group). Airtours merged it with Pickfords Travel, acquired by Airtours from Pickfords in September 1992, to form Going Places (later Thomas Cook Group). In 1997, new chairman Neville Bain led the sale of Hogg Robinson's transport division and the acquisition of two business travel operations. In June 1998, it acquired 51% of Hider Travel of Canada.

In June 2000, chief executive David Radcliffe led a £232 million management buyout funded by Schroder Ventures (now Permira). Hogg Robinson divested of various of its insurance broking businesses in 2001.

In October 2006, the company expanded in Halifax, Nova Scotia. In April 2007, the company expanded its office space in Charlotte, North Carolina. In March 2012, the company acquired Spendvision. In February 2015, it was rebranded as Fraedom.

In May 2017, the company acquired eWings.com, a travel management company for small to medium sized companies. In February 2018, the company sold Fraedom to Visa Inc. for $195 million. On July 19, 2018, American Express Global Business Travel acquired the company for approximately £400 million.

References

British companies disestablished in 2018
Companies formerly listed on the London Stock Exchange
British companies established in 1845


text:
O anel de polinômios com coeficientes em um anel qualquer e qualquer número de indeterminadas é a generalização dos anéis como , dos polinômios com coeficientes reais p(x) = a0 + a1 x + ... + an xn.

De forma genérica, para definir-se o anel dos polinômios precisa-se:
 um anel A dos coeficientes;
 um conjunto S das indeterminadas.

As indeterminadas aqui tem um significado puramente abstrato, não sendo exigido que S tenha nenhuma estrutura. Assim, é conveniente que S seja um conjunto de símbolos, e (para evitar ambiguidades) que seja disjunto de A.

Um polinômio com coeficientes em A e indeterminadas em S pode ser:
 o polinômio nulo, denominado 0 (exceto quando haja necessidade de fazer alguma diferença entre este polinômio e o elemento neutro de A; neste caso, podem-se usar índices para marcar a diferença entre eles: 0A e 0A[S]).
 os monômios, que são representados pela justaposição de um elemento (não-nulo) de A seguido de um número finito de elementos de S (podendo ser nenhum) elevados a uma potência inteira positiva. Por exemplo, se  e S = {x, y}, então 2, 2 x1 e 2 x² y³ são monômios. Aqui é importante notar que os produtos de potências de S comutam, por exemplo, 2 x² y³ = 2 y³ x². Quando a potência for um, representa-se o monômio sem este valor: 2 x² y1 = 2 x² y.
 uma soma de dois ou mais monômios (mas sempre uma quantidade finita), em que a parte indeterminada de todas parcelas são diferentes. Novamente, esta soma é comutativa, de forma que duas somas que diferem por uma permutação das parcelas são iguais.

O anel de polinômios é este conjunto A[S] com duas operações de soma de polinômios e produto de polinômios, definidas de forma que:
 o polinômio nulo é elemento neutro aditivo
 A[S] é um anel
 o produto de monômios se comporta como se as indeterminadas comutassem entre si, e que o produto de xn e xm seja xn + m

Existem várias formas equivalentes de criar modelos para A[S], por exemplo o conjunto  de todos os objetos

,[1]

onde , , cada -tupla de números inteiros positivos é diferente para diferente valor de , pode servir de modelo para o anel de polinômios com indeterminadas em  sobre .

É importante notar que essa expressão é puramente formal, não significando nenhuma operação interna dos elementos de S. No caso particular em que m = 0, temos o polinômio nulo, também representado por 0. No caso particular m = 1, temos um monômio. No caso particular m = 1 e n = 0, temos um elemento de A sendo usado para representar um elemento de A[S].

Introdução
Os polinômios mais conhecidos são os que têm coeficientes inteiros. Por exemplo, tomando  como o anel  e , um elemento de  pode ser

. [2]

Note-se que, se bem que o conjunto de indeterminadas  possa ser um conjunto infinito, cada polinômio contém um número finito de termos.

Se , então se pode escrever  no lugar de . Assim,  é um anel de polinômios em uma só indeterminada .

Pode notar-se facilmente que cada elemento de  é refletido em  como o monômio a.

É possível mostrar que A é um sub-anel de A[S] (mais precisamente, A é isomorfo a um sub-anel de A[S]).

Propriedades fundamentais
Fatos de interesse sobre anéis de polinômios têm que ver com as propriedades do mesmo a partir do anel no que têm seus coeficientes. Por exemplo, quando  é um domínio de integridade,  também o é, e as unidades de  são as mesmas que as de . Pelo contrário  nunca será um corpo, não importando que  o seja ou não, pois ainda que as unidades de  sejam as mesmas que as de ,  é tão somente um sub-anel de . Entretanto, o anel  é um domínio de integridade se  o é, logo, dado o caso, se pode construir o corpo de quocientes de  (i.e. o corpo de frações de polinômios), que se nota comumente por .

Os coeficientes dos polinômios de um anel  podem tomar-se não somente como os elementos de . Na prática, podemos fazer agrupamentos do tipo

e estas também devem fazer-se em um anel de polinômios . Para ele se separam os elementos de  em dois conjuntos disjuntos, digamos  e , logo o anel de polinômios  tem coeficientes no anel de polinômios  e indeterminadas em .

Se  é um anel e , claramente  é um sub-anel de .

Seja  um anel unitário. Todo polinômio não nulo de  cujo coeficiente diretor seja uma unidade pode dividir euclidianamente a qualquer outro polinômio de  e o grau do resto é estritamente menor que o grau do divisor. Ou seja, se  y  são polinômios de  não nulos, como o coeficiente diretor de  uma unidade de , então existem polinômios  e  de  tais que

|med=con|der=.

Assim, para que a divisão de polinômios seja sempre possível em um anel de polinômios ,  deve ser um corpo (i.e. todo elemento de A deve ser uma unidade), e se assim sucede  será um domínio euclidiano. Um fato muito importante é que um anel de polinômios  é um domínio de ideais principais (DIP) se e somente se  é um corpo. Posto que todos os domínios euclidianos são DIPs, temos que  não é um domínio euclidiano se  contém mais de um elemento, pois , e  nunca é um corpo e portanto tampouco um DIP.

Definição formal

Os monômios puros
A definição formal dos anéis de polinômios parte da definição dos monômios puros (sem coeficientes em um anel). Note-se que se  é um conjunto e, por exemplo, , um monômio a partir de  pode ser

. [3]

No monômio puro anterior, cada um dos elementos  tem um expoente natural. Portanto, podemos considerar a cada monômio com indeterminadas em  como uma aplicação  (aqui e no resto do artigo consideramos que  inclui o zero). O monômio [3] seria entendido então como a aplicação  dada por , ,  e onde  se anula para todos os demais elementos (se estes existem) de . Observar que um monômio puro é o produto de um número finito de indeterminadas. Ainda que  seja infinito, podemos obter um monômio  fazendo que  seja nulo para todas aquelas indeterminadas que não queremos que apareçam no monômio. Por exemplo, se , o monômio

 [4]

se corresponde com a aplicação  dada por ,  e .

Em vista das considerações anteriores, a definição de um conjunto de monômios puros tem de ser a seguinte:

Definição
Seja  um conjunto. O conjunto dos monômios puros com indeterminadas em , representado por , é o conjunto de todas as aplicações  tais que o conjunto  é finito.

(1)

Se , se definem as aplicações  e , onde , mediante

   e

para todo .

Estas aplicações estão bem definidas, e claramente  e . Vemos pois que se  são aplicações de ,  se interpreta como o produto dos monômios puros representados por  e , e se  é um número natural,  se interpreta como a potência -ésima do monômio puro representado por .

Note-se que o monômio puro  de  que toma constantemente o valor 0 é tal que

   e

para todo . Assim, este monômio se representa pelo mesmo símbolo 0.

Observe-se que o elemento  se interpreta em , claramente, como a aplicação  que vale 1 em  e 0 em qualquer outro caso. Nestos termos qualquer monômio puro  de  pode escrever-se como

   [5]

onde  são os elementos de  para os quais a aplicação  não se anula (por definição, estes elementos são sempre um número finito).  Claramente, cada termo

      [6]

de [5] representa o fator  no monômio puro representado por . Ou seja, [5] se entende como o monômio puro

.    [7]

Polinômios com coeficientes em um anel
Para dar andamento à definição de um anel de polinômios, observemos que um polinômio, como [2], é uma soma finita de monômios puros (pre-)multiplicados por coeficientes em um anel (no caso de [2] os coeficientes são inteiros). Assim, por exemplo, é suficiente associar o polinômio [2] com uma aplicação , onde , tal que  toma o valor do coeficiente correspondente quando se valora em um monômio .

Em vista disto temos:

Sejam  um conjunto,  um anel e  o conjunto de monômios puros da definição [1]. O anel de polinômios com indeterminadas em  sobre  é o conjunto  de todas as aplicações  tais que o conjunto  é finito.

Podemos considerar agora os monômios com coeficientes no anel  como casos especiais de polinômios. Se  é unitário, então podemos considerar o polinômio  que vale 1 em  e 0 em qualquer outro caso como o próprio monômio puro . Para ver-se que, na realidade, tanto  como  são, do ponto de vista algébrico, um subconjunto de  e que efetivamente  é um anel que contém  como um sub-anel, é necessário definir as operações de anel sobre .

Operações sobre

Definições
A adição sobre  claramente pode ser definida assim:

Sejam  polinômios de . Se define  como a aplicação dada por

    8

para todo monômio puro . Fica claro que .

Esta definição se interpreta como a redução dos termos semelhantes (i.e. os coeficientes de um mesmo monômio ) de  e .
Quando multiplicamos polinômios, costumamos somar os termos semelhantes que surjam no produto para obter um polinômio o mais reduzido possível. Em vista disto, temos a definição da multiplicação em :

Sejam  polinômios de . Se define  como a aplicação dada por

    '[9]

para todo monômio puro . O membro direito de [9] é a soma de todos os produtos  tais que . A aplicação  é claramente um polinômio de .

Propriedades de anel
A respeito das operações de adição e multiplicação, segundo tem sido definidas, o conjunto  cumpre com que:

 é um anel Se  é um anel e  é um conjunto então  é um anel.

Referências
 Lam, Tsit-Yuen (2001), A First Course in Noncommutative Rings, Berlin, New York: Springer-Verlag, ISBN 978-0-387-95325-0
 Lang, Serge (2002), Algebra, Graduate Texts in Mathematics, 211 (Revised third ed.), New York: Springer-Verlag, MR1878556, ISBN 978-0-387-95385-4
 Osborne, M. Scott (2000), Basic homological algebra, Graduate Texts in Mathematics, 196, Berlin, New York: Springer-Verlag, MR1757274, ISBN 978-0-387-98934-1

Ligações externas

Álgebra abstrata
Teoria de invariantes


text:
Die Umaghlessi Liga 1998/99 war die 10. Spielzeit der höchsten georgischen Spielklasse im Männerfußball. Dinamo Tiflis gewann zum zehnten Mal in Folge den Meistertitel.

Modus
Die 16 Vereine spielten im Verlauf der Saison zweimal gegeneinander; einmal zu Hause und einmal auswärts. Somit bestritt jede Mannschaft 30 Spiele. Zwei Teams stiegen direkt ab. Die Mannschaften auf den Plätzen 13 und 14 mussten in die Relegation.

Vereine

Abschlusstabelle

Platzierungskriterien: 1. Punkte – 2. Siege – 3. Direkter Vergleich (Punkte, Tordifferenz, geschossene Tore) – 4. Tordifferenz – 5. geschossene Tore

Kreuztabelle

Relegation
Zuerst traten die Mannschaften auf den Plätzen 13 und 14 in einem Spiel gegeneinander an. Der Sieger verblieb in der Umaghlessi Liga. Der Verlierer dieser Partie spielte dann gegen den Relegationssieger der Pirveli Liga. TSU Tiflis als Sieger spielte auch in der folgenden Saison in der Umaghlessi Liga.

|}

Weblinks
 Saison 1998/99 bei wildstat.com

Einzelnachweise

1998
Fußballsaison 1998/99


text:
Bertil Hille (born October 10, 1940) is an Emeritus Professor, and the Wayne E. Crill Endowed Professor in the Department of Physiology and Biophysics at the University of Washington. He is particularly well known for his pioneering research on cell signalling by ion channels. His book Ion Channels of Excitable Membranes has been the standard work on the subject, appearing in multiple editions since its first publication in 1984.

Biography

Early life and education
Hille was born in New Haven, Connecticut. His father is Carl Einar Hille, a Yale math professor and a member of the U.S. National Academy of Sciences and the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences. He attended the Foote School and Westminster School (Connecticut).

Hille received his B.S. summa cum laude in Zoology from Yale University (1962) and his Ph.D. in Life Sciences from The Rockefeller University (1967). During his PhD, Hille started his long-term collaboration with Clay Armstrong, who he shared many awards with several decades later. After completing his Ph.D, Hille did postdoc research with Sir Alan L. Hodgkin (1963 Nobel laureate for the basis of nerve action potentials) and Richard Keynes at the University of Cambridge, England.

Career
In 1968 Hille joined the Department of Physiology and Biophysics at the University of Washington's School of Medicine. In 2005, he was named the Wayne E. Crill Endowed Professor. On July 1, 2021, he became a professor emeritus.

Personal life
Bertil Hille is married to Merrill Burr Hille, Professor Emerita of Biology at the University of Washington, and has two sons, Erik Darwin Hille and Jon Trygve Hille Grey.

Scientific contributions
Bertil Hille pioneered the concept of ion channels as membrane proteins forming gated aqueous pores (with Clay Armstrong). He showed that Na+ and K+ channels of axons can be distinguished by drugs such as tetrodotoxin and tetraethylammonium ion, and that their ionic selectivity can be understood by a limiting pore size, the selectivity filter, and by movements of ions through a series of saturable sites. He showed that local anesthetics enter Na+ channels in a state-dependent manner.

In 1984, Hille started a new direction of studying the modulation of ion channels by G protein–coupled receptors. He distinguished two new signaling pathways for excitable cells. A fast, pertussis toxin-sensitive pathway turned on inward rectifier K+ channels and turned off Ca2+ channels by G protein Gβγ subunits. A slow, pertussis toxin-insensitive pathway turned off some K+ and Ca2+ channels by depleting the plasma membrane phosphoinositides, phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2). New tools and findings from the Hille lab, together with the initial finding (1996) from Donald W. Hilgemann's lab at UT southwestern, demonstrated that PIP2 is an essential cofactor for many ion channels and transporters. The low-abundance signaling lipid PIP2 indeed plays a significant role in regulating neuronal and cardiac excitability.  Hille has developed a detailed model of the PIP2 loss mechanism and its effects on the muscarinic inhibition of M-channels.

Hille has published more than 200 papers and book chapters. He is the author of multiple editions of Ion Channels of Excitable Membranes, described as an essential introduction not just for beginners but for readers throughout the areas of biochemistry and biophysics. Hille's book is considered to mark a turning point in the field, defining the modern era of ion channel studies.
The book is known for its clarity of language, its ability to communicate to both the beginner and the specialist, its attention to research history, and the breadth and depth of its scientific coverage.

Awards and distinctions
 1986 - Elected to the National Academy of Sciences
 1990 - Bristol-Myers Squibb Award
 1996 - Louisa Gross Horwitz Prize at Columbia University (with Clay Armstrong)
 1998 - Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences
 1999 - Albert Lasker Award for Basic Medical Research (with Rod MacKinnon and Clay Armstrong)
 2001 Gairdner Foundation International Award (with Armstrong and MacKinnon), "For the elucidation of the mechanism of action and molecular structure of cation channels".
 2002 - Elected to the Institute of Medicine (now the National Academy of Medicine)
 2008 - Doctorate of Science honoris causa, The Rockefeller University
 2009 - Bard Lecture, Johns Hopkins University
 2018 - Distinguished Science in Medicine Lecture, University of Washington School of Medicine

References

External links
 Faculty page at UW

1940 births
Members of the United States National Academy of Sciences
Fellows of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences
American biochemists
Living people
University of Washington faculty
Recipients of the Albert Lasker Award for Basic Medical Research
Electrophysiologists
Members of the National Academy of Medicine


text:
Alice Wins the Derby est un court métrage d'animation américain de la série Alice Comedies, sorti le  ou  1925.

Synopsis
Alice, Julius et Pete participent à une course mélangeant course automobile et course de chevaux. Pete n'hésite pas à tricher, par exemple en forçant Julius à prendre un détour.

Fiche technique
 Titre original : Alice Wins the Derby
 Série : Alice Comedies
 Réalisateur : Walt Disney
 Distribution : Margie Gay (Alice)
 Animateur : Rollin Hamilton, Thurston Harper, Ub Iwerks
 Encre et peinture : Lillian Bounds, Kathleen Dollard, Hazelle Linston
 Image : Mike Marcus
 Montage : George Winkler
 Producteur : Walt Disney
 Distributeur:
 Margaret J. Winkler (1925)
 Syndicate Pictures (1929, version sonorisée)
 Dates de sortie :
 Version muette : 15 juin ou 12 juillet 1925
 Version sonorisée :
 Autres dates :
 Production : mai-
 Dépôt de copyright :
 Achèvement et livraison :
 Première à New York :  au Piccadilly Theater en première partie de The Woman Hater
 Format d'image : Noir et Blanc
 Durée : 6 min 53
 Langue :
 Pays :

Commentaires
Ce film est la première course entre les trois principaux protagonistes. Cette compétition se "poursuit" dans Alice's Balloon Race (1926), une course de ballon, puis dans Alice's Brown Derby (1927), nouvelle course de chevaux et enfin dans Alice's Auto Race (1927), une course de voiture avec un scénario proche de Alice Wins the Derby.

Notes et références

Liens externes

Film américain sorti en 1925
Court métrage d'animation américain
Film américain en noir et blanc
Alice Comedies


text:
Jeremy Piasecki (* 21. September 1978 in New York City) ist ein ehemaliger US-amerikanischer Wasserballspieler, heutiger -trainer und außerdem Reservesoldat der US-Marine.

Leben
Piasecki ist in New York City geboren, wuchs aber in Newport Beach nahe Fallbrook auf. Er besuchte die Corona del Mar High School und das Orange Coast College. Jeremy Piasecki ist mit Leilani Piasecki, die die Vorstandsvorsitzende der afghanischen Wasserballnationalmannschaft ist, verheiratet und hat mit ihr eine Tochter und einen Sohn.

Piasecki war Teil der Wasserballmannschaft von Corona del Mar, die 1992 Bronze bei den US-amerikanischen Olympischen Jugend-Wasserballspielen gewann. Zudem trainierte er die späteren Sieger bei den Olympischen Spielen Amanda Beard, Jason Lezak und Aaron Peirsol bei den Irvine Novaquatics.

Im Januar 2008 wurde er auf einem Stützpunkt der Afghanischen Armee in der Nähe von Kabul als Berater in Verwaltungsfragen der US-Marine eingesetzt. Ende 2008 gründete er dann die afghanische Wasserballnationalmannschaft nahe dem Stützpunkt.

Weblinks
 Biografie von Jeremy Piasecki auf ocregister.com

Einzelnachweise

Wasserballtrainer
US-Amerikaner
Geboren 1978
Mann


text:
Osoby o tym nazwisku:
 Peter Heise – duński kompozytor i organista
 Jacob Heise – niemiecki rzeźbiarz i mistrz bursztynniczy


text:
Nathanael Pringsheim (ur. 30 listopada 1823 we Wziesku, zm. 6 października 1894 w Berlinie) – niemiecki botanik.

Studiował na Uniwersytecie we Wrocławiu, Uniwersytecie w Lipsku i Uniwersytecie Fryderyka Wilhelma w Berlinie. W 1848 po przedstawieniu dysertacji De forma et incremento stratorum crassiorum in plantarum cellula otrzymał tytuł doktora filozofii. W 1851 został privatdozentem. W 1864 został profesorem nadzwyczajnym botaniki na Uniwersytecie Fryderyka Wilhelma. W tym samym roku otrzymał katedrę fizjologii roślin na Uniwersytecie w Jenie i został dyrektorem ogrodu botanicznego w Jenie.

Pringsheim jako pierwszy opisał rozmnażanie glonów. Kolejne prace poświęcił rodzajom i rodzinom Vaucheria (1855), Oedogoniaceae (1855-1858), Coleochaeteae (1860), Hydrodictyon (1861), Pandorina (1869). W tej ostatniej pracy opisał proces łączenia zoospor jako prymitywnego rodzaju rozmnażania płciowego.

Od 29 marca 1860 należał do Berlińsko-Brandenburskiej Akademii Nauk.

W 1882 w Berlinie założył Niemieckie Towarzystwo Botaniczne (Deutsche Botanische Gesellschaft, DBG) i był jego pierwszym przewodniczącym. Był wydawcą Jahrbücher für wissenschaftliche Botanik. Towarzystwo botaniczne jego imienia działa w Hamburgu (Die Nathanael-Pringsheim-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Biologischen Anstalt Helgoland e.V.).

Linki zewnętrzne

Absolwenci i studenci Uniwersytetu w Lipsku
Niemieccy botanicy
Urodzeni w 1823
Zmarli w 1894


text:
Als Mittelsaalhaus bezeichnet man eine typische Bauform im antiken Mesopotamien. Sie trat in der Obed-Zeit auf und wurde später zur typischen Bauform für monumentale und repräsentative Bauten, konnte aber auch Privathäusern zugrunde liegen. Vor allem für die chalkolitische Ubaid- und Uruk-Kultur gilt dieser Hausgrundriss als Leitfossil. Seine Verbreitung bis nach Nordmesopotamien, wo entsprechende Gebäude etwa in Habuba Kabira, Tell Brak, Tell Hamoukar, Tell es-Sweyhat und an anderen Fundorten freigelegt wurden, diente unter anderem als Beleg für eine so genannte Uruk-Expansion.

Typisch für Mittelsaalhäuser ist der namensgebende langrechteckige Saal zu dessen Seiten oft unregelmäßige Raumtrakte liegen. Er kann T-förmig erweitert sein. Dieser Mittelsaal war funktionales Zentrum des Gebäudes. Er diente aber auch als Zugangsweg zu den seitlich liegenden Raumtrakten. Bei Tempeln dieser Bauform finden sich häufig Kultnischen an einer Schmalseite dieses Saales.

Literatur
 Hans J. Nissen: Geschichte Alt-Vorderasiens, München 2012, S. 37.
 Astrid Nunn: Der Alte Orient, Aalen 2011, S. 103.

Lokale Bauform
Architektur (Alter Orient)
Mesopotamien
Uruk-Kultur
Obed-Kultur
Kupfersteinzeit (Alter Orient)


text:
Események
 február 12. – IX. Leó pápa megválasztása.
 Az elzászi ottmarsheimi apátság felszentelése.
 A nizzai Szűz Mária-székesegyház felszentelése.

Az év témái

Államok vezetőinek listája 1049-ben

Születések

Halálozások

11. század


text:
Brianna Lyston (born 24 May 2004) is a Jamaican sprint athlete who holds the 200m under-13s world record in 23.72s.

Lyston ran 22.53 (-2.2) at the 2022 Issa Boys and Girls Championship in Kingston, Jamaica. This made her the second fastest Under 20 female athlete from Jamaica. This also broke the Class 1 meeting record which was held by Simone Facey who ran a 22.71 back in 2004.

Lyston won her 100m heat in a personal best 11.14 (+0.7) at the 2022 Central Athletics Championships in Spanish Town, Jamaica to beat Tia Clayton.

Personal bests
Outdoor
100 metres – 11.14 (+0.7 m/s) (Spanish Town, Jamaica 15 MAR 2022)
200 metres – 22.53 (-2.2 m/s) (Kingston, Jamaica 9 APR 2022)
400 metres - 56.86 ( Spanish Town, Jamaica 18 FEB 2020)
4x100 metres – 42.58 (WR not ratified due to procedural error) Kingston, Jamaica 17 APR 2022)

References

Jamaican female sprinters
2004 births
Living people
21st-century Jamaican women
World Athletics U20 Championships winners


text:
Karamazov Twins — российская рок-группа, созданная в Майкопе. Наибольшую известность группе принесла работа над музыкой к фильму «Шапито-шоу» (2011).

История группы
Группа Karamazov Twins была создана в Майкопе Жаком Поляковым.

В 2012 году группа выступила на петербургском фестивале «Stereoleto».

Дискография
 2008 — Karamazov Twins

Состав группы
 Жак Поляков — вокал, гитара, музыка, текст
 Алина Ростоцкая — вокал
 Алексей Подольский — вокал, танцы
 Михаил Лобов — гитара
 Асия Шакирова — клавиши
 Андрей Савушкин — бас
 Андрей Панкратов — барабаны

Цитаты
 «Марина, автор сценария к "Шапито-шоу", путешествовала автостопом и в какой-то момент на месяц зависла без денег в Майкопе. Познакомилась со всей андерграундной майкопской тусовкой — там их много. Среди них был Жак — великолепный певец и композитор. Годы спустя мы как-то решили послушать жаковские записи, его группу Karamazov Twins. Это были два альбома, записанные под гитару: один назывался "Поп", другой — "Рок". Мы заслушали эти записи до дыр и решили привезти Жака в Москву. Мы подумали, что сделаем из него звезду, но ничего у нас не вышло. Притом, что и группа Karamazov Twins — интересная и прекрасная, и Жак — мощный композитор, мелодист, таких людей — один на миллион. Но главные наши мечты были, конечно связаны с тем, чтобы сотрудничать с ним в кино. Когда началось "Шапито", мы сразу накинулись на Жака, а когда выяснилось, что мы можем вставить туда песни, были просто счастливы» — Сергей Лобан, 2012.

Примечания

Ссылки
 «Karamazov Twins» на сайте www.lastfm.ru
 Karamazov Twins: гегемоны моей истории
 Karamazov Twins — «Танька»

Рок-группы России


text:
The Quebec Liberal Party fielded a full slate of 125 candidates in the 2007 Quebec provincial election, and elected forty-eight members to form a minority government after the election. Many of the party's candidates have their own biography pages; information about others may be found here.

Candidates

Nicolet-Yamaska: Yves Baril
Yves Baril was born in Sainte-Perpétue de Nicolet. He is a poultry and cereal producer and was president of the Fédération des producteurs de volaille du Québec (Federation of Quebec Poultry Producers) from 2000 to 2007, when he resigned to run for public office. He publicly supported a 2001 Superior Court of Quebec decision that upheld the legality of market quotas in the poultry sector and later endorsed an April 2005 Supreme Court of Canada decision that upheld the provincial court's ruling. He outlined his organization's approach to biosecurity in late 2005, during the period of an avian flu outbreak in North America.

Baril won the Nicolet-Yamaska Liberal nomination over Denis Vallée in late 2006. For the 2007 campaign, he stood with Premier Jean Charest to present the Liberal Party's agriculture platform. He received 6,770 votes (25.72%), finishing third against Action démocratique du Québec candidate Éric Dorion. On 13 February 2008, he was named as a member of the Commission de protection du territoire agricole du Québec.

Pointe-aux-Trembles: Daniel Fournier
Daniel Fournier was born and raised in Montreal East. He campaigned against his community's amalgamation into the City of Montreal in 2001; describing himself as a "blue-collar worker, citizen, and volunteer," he argued that Montreal East's budget surplus would ultimately pay for services in the city's more affluent areas. In 2004, he was a prominent activist for the "Oui" side in a successful de-merger referendum.

Fournier was once a member of the Parti Québécois, although he says that he tore up his party membership in 2000 because the PQ had moved away from its origins as a labour party. He subsequently ran for the Liberal Party in two elections. He also planned to run in a 2008 by-election, but was not chosen as his party's candidate.

He is not to be confused with the Montreal businessperson Daniel Fournier, who has run for the House of Commons of Canada as a Conservative candidate.

Richelieu: Gilles Salvas
Gilles Salvas was born in the Montérégie region of Quebec, where he has lived and worked for his entire life. He is a longtime municipal politician, having served as mayor of Saint-Robert since 1989. He is a federalist and supports a continued role for Quebec within Canada. In announcing his provincial candidacy in 2007, he accused past Parti Québécois (PQ) governments of having devolved provincial responsibilities to the municipalities without providing adequate funding. He endorsed Premier Jean Charest's health reforms and called for English-language training in francophone schools from the earliest grades. On election day, he finished third against PQ incumbent Sylvain Simard amid a provincial swing away from the Liberals.

Salvas was re-elected by a narrow margin in the 2009 municipal election. As of 2009, he is a member of the Centre local de développement (CLD) de Pierre-De Saurel.

References

2007


text:
"Magic" is a song by British rock band Coldplay for their sixth studio album, Ghost Stories (2014). It was released on 3 March 2014 as the record's lead single, being written and produced by band members Guy Berryman, Jonny Buckland, Will Champion, Chris Martin, while production assistance was provided by Paul Epworth.

Background and recording
The song was recorded by the band during sessions for their sixth studio album in 2013, at their purpose-built studios The Bakery and The Beehive in North London, England, both originally constructed for work on their two previous studio albums, 2008's Viva la Vida or Death and All His Friends and 2011's Mylo Xyloto respectively. The song's bass riff, the first part of the song, was originally conceived by Guy Berryman during the band's recording sessions in February 2013.

The single art for "Magic" was etched by British-based, Czech etching artist Mila Fürstová. The artwork features a symbolic white dove imposed onto a blue background. Much like other artworks of the Ghost Stories album cycle, the image depicts a scenario contained within the perimeter of the subject of focus, this time the white dove. The scenario features imagery related to stage magic, including a levitating couple, a flying deck of cards and a theater stage.

Composition
A beat consisting of a "muffled snare" and "dusty bass riff" is repeated throughout most of the song. As the song progresses, a piano is later added to the instrumentation which is eventually swapped out for a stomp-clap beat and again for a synth beat. Following the song's second chorus, these beats are gradually combined while Martin sings in falsetto. The song's "anticlimactic" portion then decreases intensity until it has eventually resumed to simply a snare and bass riff.

Critical reception

Jamieson Cox of Time magazine wrote that "Magic" isn't as far from the style of Coldplay's previous albums as "Midnight", the first track from Ghost Stories that was revealed. He added that the single "does hint at a few new tricks up the band's sleeve," and described it as "a successful marriage of old and new." Rolling Stone magazine's Kory Grow commented in similar tone, calling the song "a return to form," proven "to be Coldplay through and through." Digital Spy's Lewis Corner concurred, writing: "[The song] isn't a quick card trick to draw you in like some of the band's previous hits, but rather a long-form spectacle that slowly allures you with its intricacies and delicate craftsmanship."

Writing for Consequence of Sound , Alex Young opined that the track "sounds a lot less Bon Iver and a lot more Chris Martin drinking a venti, no-whip Skinny Vanilla Latte on a Sunday afternoon." Carl Williot of Idolator noted the song's Edge influence and commented that it showed "a tonedown their trademark grandeur in exchange for a more minimalist, atmospheric set of songs." Spin'''s Kyle McGovern had similar thoughts, and called the track "a low-key meditation on love." Bill Lamb of About.com gave the song 4.5 stars out of 5 and called it a "refreshingly simple, heartwarming love song." Writing for Los Angeles Times, Mikael Wood commented: "With Martin's delicate falsetto floating over a muted drum-machine beat ... this one offers up a sumptuous vocal melody – and a surprisingly soulful one at that".Mondo Sonoro (#43), and Rolling Stone (#30) named "Magic" one of the best songs from 2014, while Tampa Bay Times (#45) included the track on their "Best Pop Songs of the 2010s" list. In 2022, Billboard placed the song at number 26 on their editorial of "Best Love Songs of the 21st Century".

Music video
Background and concept

A music video for "Magic" was directed by Jonas Åkerlund. Starring Chinese actress Zhang Ziyi, the video pays tribute to silent films, and is based on a literal interpretation of "Magic", with the narrative revolving around an "old-timey magic show". The five-minute music video was premiered on music video hosting service Vevo on 7 April 2014.

The narrative of the music video is centered around a magic show, which was translated by the director from a literal interpretation of Coldplay's song, whose lyrics make allusions to various magic tricks and stunts. The video itself is presented as a monochrome silent film, with cinematography and production mimicking those of the early 20th Century silent films, including an opening credits sequence, with "ragtime jazz", reminiscent of those used in early silent films. The video's narrative has been compared to the 2006 film The Prestige, without the "gripping" elements of the film.

When Jonas Åkerlund was interviewed, he said, despite the silent movie influences of it, the video was set in the present.

Synopsis and reception
Cecile (Zhang Ziyi) is a stage magician who performs magic in a traveling circus. She performs with Christophe (Chris Martin), a young magician who serves as Cecile's assistant. The duo perform various routine magic acts, such as impalement arts and shapeshifting. Cecile is married to Claude (also played by Chris Martin), a famous magician who, in addition to being an alcoholic, is violently aggressive to his wife. As Christophe continues to perform with Cecile, he starts to notice evidence of Claude's aggressive behavior towards Cecile, including bruises across her arm and witnessing Claude shouting at his wife, reducing her to tears.

Christophe, after he learns the art of levitation, formulates an idea to relieve Cecile of her troubles with Claude. He invites Cecile into the show tent to show her his newly-learnt ability to levitate himself. This however, upsets Claude who, after accusing his wife of cheating on him with Christophe, seeks to challenge him to a fight in one of his alcohol-fueled rampages. Christophe, however, uses his new abilities to levitate Claude and send him flying into the sky, thus saving Cecile from Claude. The two continue the show without Claude and show off new entertaining magic tricks and stunts.

Carl Williott of American music website Idolator wrote positively of the video, stating that it was "a quirky, entertaining video, specifically the parts with Martin playing a goofy-ass villain". Jason Scott of music blog Popdust also wrote positively, describing the music video's imagery as "vivid" and "a literal interpretation of what we've all come to expect from a 1920s side-show attraction". The video was filmed on 4 and 5 February 2014 in Los Angeles State Historic Park and no camera tricks were used.

Covers and versions
In July 2014, R&B artist Brandy released a rerecorded version of "Magic" to her TwitMusic account. The same day, it peaked at number one on Billboard''s Trending 140 chart, less than 24 hours after its premiere. Covered in live performances by various artists. In April 2014, singer Aloe Blacc performed the song on BBC Radio 1's Live Lounge. A few days later, You Me at Six covered the song BBC Radio 1's Live Lounge on the same venue. Singer Rita Ora gave a mashup rendition of "Magic" and Beyoncé's "Drunk in Love" at the Radio 1's Big Weekend event in May 2014. In September 2014, Jacob Banks also sang "Magic" on BBC Radio 1's Live Lounge. The song was also covered by singer-songwriter Lauren Aquilina for her own BBC Radio 1 Maida Vale Studios session.

Track listing

Personnel
Adapted from DR credits.

Coldplay
Guy Berryman – bass
Jonny Buckland – guitar
Will Champion – drums, percussion
Chris Martin – vocals, acoustic guitar

Additional musicians
Paul Epworth, Rick Simpson – keyboards

Technical personnel
Paul Epworth – production
Rik Simpson – production
Daniel Green – production

Charts

Weekly charts

Year-end charts

All-time charts

Certifications

Release history

References

External links

2014 singles
2014 songs
Parlophone singles
Atlantic Records singles
Coldplay songs
Song recordings produced by Paul Epworth
Song recordings produced by Rik Simpson
Songs written by Jonny Buckland
Songs written by Guy Berryman
Songs written by Will Champion
Songs written by Chris Martin
Music videos directed by Jonas Åkerlund
Black-and-white music videos


text:
El Open Championship 2017 será la edición 146° del campeonato, celebrada 20 al 23 de julio de 2017 en Royal Birkdale Golf Club en Southport, Inglaterra.

Será la 10° edición del campeonato jugó en el Royal Birkdale.

Lugar de encuentro
El evento 2017 será el décimo abierto jugó en el Royal Birkdale Golf Club. La más reciente fue en 2008, cuando Pádraig Harrington defendió con éxito su título de 2007.

Campo

Jugadores
Cada jugador se clasifica de acuerdo a la primera categoría en la que se clasificó, pero otras categorías se muestran entre paréntesis.

1. The Open Champions 60 años o menos el 23 de julio de 2017
Stewart Cink (2), Darren Clarke (2), John Daly, David Duval, Ernie Els (2), Todd Hamilton, Pádraig Harrington (2), Zach Johnson (2,17), Paul Lawrie, Tom Lehman, Sandy Lyle, Rory McIlroy (2,3,4,5,10,12,17), Phil Mickelson (2,3,4,12,17), Mark O'Meara, Louis Oosthuizen (2,4,5), Henrik Stenson (2,3,4,5,17)

Elegible, pero no entraron:  Ian Baker-Finch, Mark Calcavecchia, Nick Faldo, Justin Leonard, Nick Price, Tiger Woods
Ben Curtis se retiró antes del torneo.

2. The Open Champions entre 2007–2016

3. Los 10 finalistas del Open Championship 2016
Sergio García (4,5,9,17), Bill Haas (4), Tyrrell Hatton (4,5), J. B. Holmes (4,12,17), Dustin Johnson (4,8,12,17), Andrew Johnston (5), Søren Kjeldsen (5), Steve Stricker

4. Los 50 mejores jugadores en la Clasificación Mundial Oficial (OWGR) para la semana del 21, 2017
Daniel Berger (12), Wesley Bryan, Rafael Cabrera-Bello (5,17), Paul Casey (12), Kevin Chappell (12), Jason Day (10,11,12), Ross Fisher (5), Matthew Fitzpatrick (5,17), Tommy Fleetwood, Rickie Fowler (11,17), Branden Grace (5), Emiliano Grillo (12), Adam Hadwin, Billy Horschel, Kim Si-woo (11,12), Kevin Kisner (12), Russell Knox (12), Brooks Koepka (8,17), Matt Kuchar (12,17), Marc Leishman, Hideki Matsuyama (12,21), William McGirt (12), Francesco Molinari (5), Ryan Moore (12,17), Alexander Norén (5,6), Pat Perez, Thomas Pieters (5,17), Jon Rahm, Patrick Reed (12,17), Justin Rose (8,14,17), Charl Schwartzel (5,12), Adam Scott (9,12), Brandt Snedeker (12,17), Jordan Spieth (8,9,12,17), Hideto Tanihara (22), Justin Thomas (12), Jimmy Walker (10,12,17), Bubba Watson (9,12), Bernd Wiesberger (5), Danny Willett (5,9,17), Gary Woodland (12)

5. Top 30 en la Carrera a Dubái 2016
Richard Bland, Scott Hend (18), David Horsey, Thongchai Jaidee, Martin Kaymer (8,17), Li Haotong, Shane Lowry, Joost Luiten, Thorbjørn Olesen, Andy Sullivan (17), Wang Jeung-hun, Lee Westwood (17), Chris Wood (6,17)

6. Los tres últimos ganadores BMW PGA Championship.
An Byeong-hun

7. Los 5 mejores jugadores, no ya exentos, dentro de los 20 primeros a la Carrera a Dubái 2017 a través del BMW International Open
Dylan Frittelli, Pablo Larrazábal, Alexander Lévy, David Lipsky, Fabrizio Zanotti

8. Los últimos 5 ganadores US Open

9. Los últimos 5 ganadores de Masters

10. Los últimos 5 ganadores PGA Championship
Jason Dufner (12)

11. Los últimos 3 ganadores Players Championship

12. Las 30 clasificados del Tour Championship 2016
Roberto Castro, Kevin Na, Sean O'Hair, Jhonattan Vegas

13. Los 5 mejores jugadores, no está ya exento, dentro del top 20 del 2017 de la Copa FedEx lista de puntos a través del Travelers Championship
Brian Harman, Russell Henley, Charley Hoffman, Brendan Steele

14. El ganador del Torneo Olímpico de Golf 2016

15. Ganador del Open de Argentina 2016
Kent Bulle

16. El ganador y finalista del Korea Open 2017
Chang Yi-keun, Kim Gi-whan

17. Jugadores del la Ryder Cup 2016

18. Ganador Asian Tour 2016 Orden de Mérito

19. Ganador del PGA Tour of Australasia 2016 Orden de Mérito
Matthew Griffin

20. Ganador del Sunshine Tour 2016 Orden de Mérito
Brandon Stone

21.Ganador del Japan Open 2016

22. Top 2 del Japan Golf Tour 2016
Yuta Ikeda

23. Top 2, , ya no exentos, en el Japan Golf Tour 2017 Lista Oficial a través del Japan Golf Tour Championship
Yūsaku Miyazato, Shaun Norris

24. El ganador del Senior Open Championship 2016
Paul Broadhurst

25. El ganador del Amateur Championship
Harry Elliss (a)

26. Ganador del U.S. Amateur 2016Curtis Luck perderá su exención después de que se hizo profesional en abril de 2017.27. Los ganadores de las ediciones 2016 y 2017 de la Amateur Europea
Luca Cianchetti (a), Alfie Plant (a)

28. Receptor del Mark H. Medal McCormack 2016
Maverick McNealy (a)

 Campeones del pasado en el campo
Pasaron el corte

No pasaron el corte

 Nacionalidades en el campo

 Resúmenes de ronda
Primera rondaJueves, 20 de julio de 2017Tres estadounidenses Brooks Koepka, Matt Kuchar y Jordan Spieth compartieron la ventaja después de la primera ronda con cinco bajo par, un golpe de ventaja de Paul Casey y Charl Schwartzel. El campeón reinante, Henrik Stenson, se encontraba bajo una marca de 69.

Segunda rondaViernes, 21 de julio de 2017En condiciones difíciles Jordan Spieth hizo en su segunda ronda 69 para liderar por dos golpes de Matt Kuchar. Solo ocho jugadores obtuvieron una calificación inferior a la media para su segunda ronda, Zach Johnson fue la mejor ronda del día con 66. El amateur Alfie Plant fue el único aficionado en pasar el corte. Él hizo un águila (eagled) en el par-cinco del décimo quinto hoyo para hacer 73 con un total de 36 hoyos que suman 144.

Tercera rondaSábado, 22 de julio de 2017Jordan Spieth hizo 65 para tomar una ventaja de tres golpes sobre Matt Kuchar, quien hizo 66. En un día más fácil de anotar, Branden Grace hizo 62, rompiendo el récord de larga duración de 63 (hecho por Johnny Miller en la ronda final Del Abierto de los Estados Unidos de 1973). Muchos otros jugadores subieron en la tabla de clasificación, con los puntos culminantes Dustin Johnson, hizo 64 para conseguir el séptimo lugar, y Henrik Stenson, que hizo 65 para también conseguir el séptimo lugar. El promedio de gol fue de 69.03.

Ronda finalDomingo, 23 de julio de 2017''

Referencias

Enlaces externos
 Página oficial
 La cobertura en el sitio oficial del PGA Tour

The Open Championship
Golf en Reino Unido
Eventos deportivos en Reino Unido


text:
Mariestad ou Mariestádio () é uma cidade sueca da região de Gotalândia, província da Gotalândia Ocidental, condado da Gotalândia Ocidental e comuna de Mariestad, onde é sede. Tem 11,3 quilômetros quadrados e está às margens do lago Vener. Segundo censo de 2018, havia  habitantes. A cidade foi fundada em 1583 pelo filho de Gustavo Vasa – o duque Carlos, mais tarde rei , que batizou a urbe com o nome da sua primeira esposa, a princesa Maria de Pfalz.

Notas

Bibliografia

Mariestad


text:
Somebody Loves You is the second studio album by American country music artist Crystal Gayle. It was released on October 20, 1975. It peaked at #11 on the Billboard Country Albums chart, with two tracks that broke into the Top Ten Country Singles: the title song, "Somebody Loves You", peaked at #8, and Gayle scored her first ever #1 country hit with "I'll Get Over You".

Critical reception
Reviewing a reissue of the album, Record Collector wrote that "the elegant two-step of 'I'll Get Over You' and the bouncy title track [give] Gayle more substantial and challenging melodies to tackle."

Track listing

Personnel
Crystal Gayle - vocals
Jimmy Colvard - electric and acoustic guitar
Allen Reynolds - acoustic guitar, backing vocals
Lloyd Green - steel guitar
Buddy Spicher - fiddle
Joe Allen - bass
Shane Keister - keyboards
Charles Cochran - keyboards, string arrangements
Kenny Malone - drums, percussion
Garth Fundis, Janie Fricke - backing vocals

Charts

Weekly charts

Year-end charts

References

Crystal Gayle albums
Albums produced by Allen Reynolds
United Artists Records albums
1975 albums


text:
Keith Oatley (ur. 16 marca 1939) – anglo-kanadyjski powieściopisarz i emerytowany profesor psychologii poznawczej na Uniwersytecie w Toronto. Jego powieść Przypadek Emily V wygrał 1994  za pierwszą powieść.

Życie
Urodził się w Londynie. Uzyskał tytuł magistra psychologii na Uniwersytecie w Cambridge oraz tytuł doktora psychologii na University College London. Odbył staż podoktorski w dziedzinie inżynierii w medycynie w Imperial College London. W 1990 roku przeniósł się do Kanady.

Prace
 Keith Oatley, 2007, .
 A natural history: a novel, Viking, 1998, .
 Therefore Choose, Goose Lane Editions, 2010, .

Literatura faktu
 Brain mechanisms and mind, Dutton, 1972
 Perceptions and representations Methuen, 1978, .
 Selves in relation, Methuen,1984, .
  Emotions: A Brief History Wiley-Blackwell. 2004. .
 Best laid schemes: the psychology of emotions Cambridge University Press. 1992. .
 Keith Oatley, Dacher, Keltner, Jennifer M. Jenskins (2006). Understanding emotions. Wiley-Blackwell. .
 Jennifer M. Jenkins; Keith Oatley; Nancy L. Stein, eds. (1998). Human emotions: a reader Wiley-Blackwell. .
 Our Minds, Our Selves: A Brief History of Psychology. Princeton University Press. 2018. .

Dodatkowe linki

 Strona autora
 Blog autora
 Autorski Psychology Today blog

Przypisy

Brytyjscy pisarze XX wieku
Brytyjscy psycholodzy
Psycholodzy poznawczy


text:
De Grote strandschelp (Mactra stultorum; veel gebruikt synoniem: Mactra corallina) is een in zee levend tweekleppige weekdier.

Beschrijving

Schelpkenmerken
De schelp is vrij dunschalig en min of meer ovaal. De top ligt vrijwel in het midden. De buitenkant is glad en glanzend met alleen fijne groeilijntjes.

Grootte
Lengte tot 65 mm, hoogte tot 50 mm.

Kleur
Geelwit of lichtbruin, vleeskleurig, met vanuit de top stralende, paarsbruine kleurbanden. De binnenkant is paarsviolet. De opperhuid is bruingeel. Oude schelpen zijn dikschaliger, ondoorzichtig en hebben vaak donkere kleurbanden, ze worden gerekend tot de ondersoort M. stultorum plistoneerlandica.

Voorkomen
Losse kleppen en doubletten spoelen algemeen aan op het strand langs de hele kust. Na storm of vorst spoelen er vaak grote aantallen levende exemplaren aan.

Meer afbeeldingen

Zie ook
 Lijst van Mollusca
 Termen in gebruik bij de beschrijving van schelpen

Mactridae
Plioceen
Pleistoceen
Holoceen


text:
Fenryll est une société française de figurines fantastiques.

Historique
Elle a été fondée en 1991 par Thierry Crabouliet, sculpteur, figuriniste et commercial, alors étudiant.

Dès le départ, Fenryll a choisi la résine dite alimentaire pour la réalisation des figurines, en se démarquant de ses concurrents qui privilégiaient généralement le plomb, devenant ainsi la première société française de figurines fantastiques en résine. Le choix originel de la résine présente un double avantage : un meilleur rendu des détails en plus de possibilités dynamiques dans la sculpture, mais aussi des prix compétitifs.

Fenryll propose aussi des prestations de services dans tout ce qui touche à la sculpture et au moulage en résine de modèles sculptés. Un club a été fondé permettant aux amateurs de bénéficier de figurines inédites.

Les premières pièces réalisées déclinèrent un univers fantastique général en grandes tailles, puis dès 1996 la marque s'est orientée principalement vers les figurines 28mm compatibles avec les multiples wargames existant sur le marché.

Les choix artistiques s'inscrivent dans des représentations médiévales-fantastiques assez classiques, proches de la littérature de Tolkien ou de Moorcock (nains, elfes, monstres divers). Les personnages féminins font cependant l'objet d'une attention particulière qui fit le succès de certaines gammes. Les liens avec l'univers des jeux de rôle sont revendiqués, par l'existence d'une série d'aventuriers des deux sexes. Chaque personnage est alors représenté à différentes époques de son existence, ce qui rend compte de l'évolution de son expérience.

Gamme
En 2007 la gamme se décline ainsi :

 Aventuriers et Loyaux
 Amazones
 Barbares
 Elfes et créatures féeriques
 Nains
 Samouraïs et Ninjas
 Chaos
 Mutants
 Pygmées
 Orcs et Gobelins
 Démons et morts-vivants
 Cavaliers et machines de guerre
 Petits et gros Dragons
 Science Fiction
 Figurines humoristiques, bébés dragons, aventuriers transformés en grenouilles
 Bâtiments, accessoires, saynètes
 Divers personnages de grande taille

Fenryll propose aussi un jeu de stratégie, Frères d'Armes, ainsi que des figurines déclinant l'univers du Donjon de Naheulbeuk.

En 1998, Fenryll a publié un jeu intitulé Arkaal. Il proposait un univers simple, dans lequel chaque joueur pouvait faire évoluer son village peuplé de différentes figurines d'une même faction. Un village comportait des guerriers bien sûr, mais aussi des artisans, chasseurs, pêcheurs et agriculteurs qui servaient à produire de la richesse pour autoriser de nouveaux guerriers.

Liens

Le site de Fenryll

Fabricant de jouets ayant son siège en France
Entreprise fondée en 1991


text:
Skrzydlik (łac. pterygium, z gr. pterygion = "skrzydło") – zmiana chorobowa oka polegająca na zgrubieniu spojówki gałkowej w obrębie szpary powiekowej, w kształcie trójkąta zwróconego wierzchołkiem do rogówki.

Etiologia
Nie ma w pełni udokumentowanego wytłumaczenia przyczyn powstawania skrzydlika. Najczęściej pojawia się on u osób, które wiele czasu spędzają na otwartej przestrzeni, a szczególnie w słonecznym klimacie. Długotrwała ekspozycja na światło słoneczne, w szczególności na promieniowanie ultrafioletowe oraz przewlekłe drażnienie oczu przez suche, zapylone środowisko wydają się grać ważną rolę jako przyczyna powstawania skrzydlika.

Leczenie

W przypadku zaczerwienienia i podrażnienia skrzydlika stosuje się miejscowe leczenie kroplami lub maściami do oczu, w celu zlikwidowania stanu zapalnego. Jeżeli skrzydlik jest bardzo duży, tak, że upośledza widzenie lub oko wygląda brzydko, wtedy może być usunięty chirurgicznie.

Pomimo prawidłowo przeprowadzonego zabiegu usunięcia skrzydlika, może on nawrócić w tym samym miejscu. Czasami naświetlanie, przymrażanie lub miejscowe leczenie po zabiegu, mogą zapobiec ponownemu wzrostowi skrzydlika.

Ochrona przed nadmiarem promieniowania ultrafioletowego za pomocą właściwych szkieł przeciwsłonecznych oraz unikanie suchego, zapylonego środowiska mogą także zapobiec nawrotom lub powstawaniu skrzydlika.

Bibliografia

Choroby oczu


text:
Die Nixer waren eine deutsche Castingband, die es im Jahr 2003 mit ihrer ersten und einzigen Single, auf welcher außer minutenlanger Stille nichts zu hören war, bis auf Platz 73 der deutschen Singlecharts schafften. Bei dem vom Radiosender Project 89.0 digital beworbenen durchgeführten satirischen Projekt handelte es sich um eine Parodie auf Castingshows wie Deutschland sucht den Superstar.

Geschichte
Nach einem mehrwöchigen Casting wurden aus mehr als 3000 Bewerbern fünf junge Menschen aus dem Sendegebiet von Project 89.0 nach dem strengen Kriterium ausgewählt, dass sie nichts können dürfen und auch so aussehen sollten. Auf ihrer Debütsingle Nix ist außer einem anfänglichen Einzählen ("One-two-three-four") lediglich das akustische Hintergrundrauschen des Raumes zu hören. Die Band, die mit penetranten Jingles im Radioprogramm von Project 89.0 beworben wurde, schaffte auf Anhieb den Sprung in die deutschen Singlecharts, da der Sender seine Hörer zum Kauf der Single in der ersten und einzigen Woche motivierte.

Trotz des Erfolges ihres Erstlings entschied sich die Band, anders als die großen Vorbilder aus dem Fernsehen, zu einem radikalen Stilwechsel. Auf ihrer zweiten Single war eine Coverversion von The House of the Rising Sun zu hören.

Nur wenige Monate nach der Band, im August 2003 wurde auch der Radiosender Project 89.0 digital aufgelöst und durch 89.0 RTL ("Die besten Hits von heute") ersetzt.

Quellen

Weblinks
 Artikel über die Band bei Telepolis

Nixer


text:
Lindi ist eine tansanische Küstenstadt, liegt an der Lindi Bay des Indischen Ozeans und hat ungefähr 80.000 Einwohner (Census 2002: 30.000).

Geografie
Als Hauptstadt der gleichnamigen Region Lindi liegt Lindi im südöstlichen Tansania an der Mündung des Flusses Lukuledi. Die umgebende Region ist nur dünn besiedelt.

Geschichte

Lindi wurde im 17. Jh. gegründet, als arabisch-sansibarische Händler den Ort als strategisch günstigen Endpunkt ihrer Sklaven- und Elfenbeinkarawanen vom Lake Nasa (auch Lake Malawi) nutzten. Die deutschen Kolonialisten verlegten den Hauptsitz des Bezirks Lindi hierher. Von den ehemals vermutlich prunkvollen Villen aus Korallenstein entlang der Bucht und vom Bezirksamt stehen heute nur noch Ruinen. Die einst stattliche deutsche Boma vorne am Meer in der Nähe des Hafens ist heute von Bäumen überwuchert.
Die Region war ein wichtiges Anbaugebiet für Sisal. Zur Zeit des deutschen Kolonialismus bildete Lindi die Hauptstadt der südlichen Region Deutsch-Ostafrikas. Die Zahl der Einwohner betrug etwa 4000. Lindi war Sitz des Bezirksamts, besaß ein Hauptzollamt sowie eine Post- und Telegrafenanstalt. Zudem war Lindi Stationsort der 3. Kompanie der Schutztruppe für Deutsch-Ostafrika. Die Schifffahrt erfuhr nach 1900 einen Aufschwung. Der Hafenverkehr umfasste 1908 beispielsweise 34 ankommende Schiffe der Deutschen Ost-Afrika Linie. Lindi war dann Haupthafen der südlichen Landesteile Tansanias, bis es nach 1950 in dieser Funktion von Mtwara abgelöst wurde.

Verkehr
 Hafen: Der kleine Hafen von Lindi hat nur lokale Bedeutung.
 Flughafen: Der Flughafen in Lindi wird von der staatlichen Behörde Tanzania Civil Aviation Authority verwaltet. Es gibt keine Linienflüge nach Lindi.
 Straßen: Die wichtigste Straßenverbindung ist die durchgehend asphaltierte Bundesstraße nach Daressalam. Auch die Verlängerung der Küstenstraße nach Süden nach Mtwara ist asphaltiert und ganzjährig befahrbar.

Religion
Schätzungen des US-amerikanischen Pew Research Centers von 2010 zufolge sind in etwa 35 % der Bevölkerung Tansanias moslemisch, während 60 % dem katholischen Glauben anhängen. Auf Sansibar und den Inseln sowie den Küstenregionen (Lindi) ist der Islam jedoch mit mehr als 98 % die dominierende Religion. In den Küstenregionen Ostafrikas und entlang alter Handelsrouten, wo jahrhundertelang arabische Händler ins Hinterland reisten, festigte sich der Islam. Mit der Ankunft der Europäer erhielten die Imame Konkurrenz durch das Christentum. Die christlichen Gemeinden zogen sich jedoch bald ins Hinterland zurück, da die moslemische Phalanx an der Küste nicht zu durchbrechen war.

Lindi ist Sitz des Bistums Lindi.

Weblinks

 Lindi, Deutsches Koloniallexikon von 1920

Einzelnachweise

Ort in Tansania

Ort in Afrika
Deutsch-Ostafrika
Hauptort einer Verwaltungseinheit
Ort mit Seehafen


text:
La pierre runique de Holmby, répertoriée sous le nom de DR 328 dans le catalogue Rundata, est une pierre runique commémorative de l'ère viking portant l'image d'un navire. Elle est située à Holmby, qui est à environ deux kilomètres au sud-est de la localité de Flyinge dans la province historique de Scanie en Suède.

Description
La pierre de Holmby comprend une inscription qui consiste en un texte runique inscrit à l'envers dans une arche située au-dessus d'une représentation de navire en mer. La pierre est en grès et mesure  de hauteur. Elle a été découverte dans le mur de l'angle sud-ouest d'un clocher d'église vers 1667. Avant que la nature historique des pierres runiques ne soit comprise, elles étaient souvent réutilisées comme matériaux de construction pour les routes, les ponts et les bâtiments. La pierre a été retirée de son emplacement et élevée à l'extérieur de l'église en 1908. L'inscription est classée comme étant sculptée dans le style RAK, qui est considéré comme le style de pierres runiques le plus ancien. Cette classification concerne les inscriptions où les extrémités des bandes runiques sont droites et où il n'y a pas de têtes de serpent ou d'autres animaux. L'inscription a été datée comme ayant été gravée après les pierres de Jelling.

Il a été souligné que l'image du navire présente une ancienne forme incluant des becs à l'avant et à l'arrière. Il est possible qu'il s'agisse d'une représentation d'un navire rituel symbolique, et non d'un type de navire connu de l'époque viking. Il existe d'autres inscriptions avec des caractéristiques similaires qui peuvent représenter d'anciens navires symboliques comme DR 77 à Hjermind, DR 119 à Spentrup, DR 258 à Bösarp et DR 271 à Tullstorps.  On peut compter d'autres gravures runiques de l'ère viking représentant des navires dont DR 220 à Sønder Kirkeby, DR EM85;523 à Farsø, Ög 181 à Ledberg, Ög 224 à Stratomta, Ög MÖLM1960;230 à Törnevalla, Sö 122 à Skresta, Sö 154 à Skarpåker, Sö 158 à Österberga, Sö 164 à Spånga, Sö 351 à Överjärna, Sö 352 à Linga, Vg 51 à Husaby, U 370 à Herresta, U 979 à Gamla Uppsala, U 1052 à Axlunda, U 1161 à Altuna et Vs 17 à Råby. Trois pierres, les pierres Hørdum et Långtora kyrka et U 1001 à Rasbo, représentent des navires mais ne comprennent, dans leur état actuel, aucune rune. Elles n'ont peut-être jamais compris de gravures runiques.

Le texte runique indique que la pierre a été élevée comme un mémorial, par un homme nommé Sveinn, pour son père Þorgeirr. Le nom Þorgeirr est théophorique. Il est lié au dieu païen nordique Thor et signifie "la lance de Thor". Le texte runique utilise le mot stena signifiant "pierres", suggérant que plus d'une pierre a été élevée à l'origine en mémoire de Þorgeirr. Si tel est le cas, la deuxième pierre du mémorial a depuis été perdue. Les derniers mots du texte , faþur sin ("son père"), en vieux norrois, sont gravés sous l'image du navire en mer.

Dans la région, la pierre est connue sous le nom de Holmbystenen. La gravure a été inscrite en danois dans le catalogue Rundata, car la Scanie faisait partie du Danemark historique.

Inscription

Translittération des runes en caractères latins

 : suin : risþi : stina ¶ + ¶ þesi : ef(t)iʀ : þurgiʀ : ¶ faþur : sin :

Transcription en vieux norrois

 Swen resþi stena þæssi æftiʀ Þorgiʀ, faþur sin.

Traduction en français

 Sveinn a élevé ces pierres à la mémoire de Þorgeirr, son père.

Références

Pierre runique en Suède
Archéologie


text:
Йорк () — региональный муниципалитет в провинции Онтарио, который является северной частью Большого Торонто и внутреннего кольца урбанизированного района Золотая подкова, что в Южном Онтарио. Находится между озёрами Симко и Онтарио. Население составляет  (3-е место по провинции), площадь — 1761,84 км² (40-е место в Онтарио), средняя плотность населения — . Центром является город Ньюмаркет. В ежедневном общении региональный муниципалитет часто называют «Регион Йорк». С 1792 года до 1971 года существовало графство Йорк.

Демография
Согласно переписи 2006 года, население Йорка составляет , что на 22,4 % больше, чем во время переписи 2001 года; это 3-й по темпам прироста населения переписной регион Канады.  проживают в сельской местности и  — в урбанизированных зонах.

География
На севере омывается озером Симко и имеет водную (север) и сухопутную (северо-запад) границы с графством . На западе граничит с региональным муниципалитетом Дарем, на юге граница с собственно Торонто, на востоке — региональный муниципалитет Пил.

Примечания

Ссылки
 Официальный сайт

Административное деление Онтарио