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Hell in a Cell (2019) foi um evento de luta livre profissional produzido pela WWE e transmitido em formato pay-per-view (PPV) pelo WWE Network e contou com a participação de lutadores das marcas Raw, SmackDown. Aconteceu em 6 de outubro de 2019 no Golden 1 Center em Sacramento, Califórnia. Foi o décimo primeiro evento sob a cronologia Hell in a Cell.

Nove lutas foram disputadas no evento, incluindo uma no pré-show. O evento principal, foi uma luta Hell in a Cell pelo Campeonato Universal entre o atual campeão Seth Rollins e "The Fiend" Bray Wyatt, terminou com a paralisação do árbitro. Na outra luta Hell in a Cell, que abriu o show principal, Becky Lynch derrotou Sasha Banks por submissão para reter o Campeonato Feminino do Raw. Outras lutas proeminentes viram Daniel Bryan e Roman Reigns derrotarem Erick Rowan e Luke Harper em uma luta tornado de duplas, e Charlotte Flair derrotou Bayley por sumbissão para vencer seu quinto Campeonato Feminino do SmackDown e seu décimo título geral no elenco principal da WWE.

O evento teve uma recepção negativa da crítica e dos fãs, principalmente devido ao encerramento do evento principal.

Produção

Conceito
Hell in a Cell é uma gimmick anual de pay-per-view, geralmente produzido todo mês de outubro pela WWE desde 2009. O conceito do show vem da lutaHell in a Cell da WWE, na qual os competidores lutam dentro de uma estrutura coberta de 6 metros de altura em torno do ringue e da área do ringue. A luta do card no evento principal é disputada sob a estipulação Hell in a Cell. O evento de 2019 foi o décimo primeiro evento sob a cronologia Hell in a Cell e contou com lutadores das marcas Raw e SmackDown.

Histórias
O show foi composto por nove lutas, incluindo uma no pré-show. As lutas resultaram de enredos roteirizados, onde os lutadores retratavam heróis, vilões ou personagens menos distintos em eventos roteirizados que geravam tensão e culminavam em uma luta ou série de lutas. Os resultados foram predeterminados pelos escritores da WWE nas marcas Raw e SmackDown, enquanto as histórias foram produzidas nos programas semanais de televisão da WWE, Monday Night Raw e SmackDown Live (com este último renomeado para Friday Night SmackDown dois dias antes de o evento).

Em meio a especulações de que Bray Wyatt desafiaria Seth Rollins pelo Campeonato Universal no Hell in a Cell, Wyatt aparentemente confirmou os rumores em um segmento da Firefly Fun House no episódio de 2 de setembro do Raw. Após a defesa de título bem-sucedida de Seth Rollins contra Braun Strowman no Clash of Champions, Wyatt apareceu como sua sinistra persona alternativa The Fiend e atacou Rollins com um Sister Abigail e um Mandible Claw. Na noite seguinte no Raw, Rollins abordou o ataque de The Fiend e anunciou que estaria defendendo o Campeonato Universal contra The Fiend em uma luta Hell in a Cell no evento.

No Clash of Champions, a luta pelo Campeonato Feminino do Raw entre Becky Lynch e Sasha Banks terminou com uma vitória por desqualificação para Banks; assim, Lynch reteve já que o título não muda de mãos por desqualificação, a menos que estipulado. Após a luta, Lynch e Banks brigaram por toda a arena. Na noite seguinte no Raw, Banks desafiou Lynch para uma revanche no Hell in a Cell, e Lynch aceitou como uma luta Hell in a Cell.

Antes do Clash of Champions, Erick Rowan atacou Roman Reigns nos bastidores e mentiu sobre isso, resultando em ele e Daniel Bryan se separando como uma dupla. Rowan então derrotou Reigns em uma luta sem desqualificação no Clash of Champions graças ao retorno de Luke Harper, reformando sua dupla. No SmackDown seguinte, Rowan explicou que ele começou a mirar em Reigns para assustá-lo e para mostrar que Reigns não era a figura dominante que ele deveria ser. Rowan também disse que tinha sido esquecido, subestimado e desrespeitado e que não era igual a Bryan, mas melhor que ele. Bryan afirmou mais tarde que, independentemente se ele era um face ou um heel, ele nunca mentiu, e ele pensava em Rowan como seu amigo. Ele foi interrompido por Rowan e atacado por Harper. Reigns veio em auxílio de Bryan, mas Rowan e Harper dominaram Bryan e Reigns. Na semana seguinte, Rowan derrotou Bryan e após a luta, Harper e Rowan atacaram Bryan. Reigns veio novamente em auxílio de Bryan, onde eles finalmente venceram Rowan e Harper. Bryan e Reigns então desafiaram Rowan e Harper para uma luta de duplas no Hell in a Cell, que foi oficializada. No 20º aniversário do SmackDown em 4 de outubro, Reigns derrotou Rowan em uma luta lumberjack e Bryan apertou a mão de Reigns por respeito mútuo. No dia do evento, sua luta foi feita uma luta tornado de duplas.

No Clash of Champions, Bayley derrotou Charlotte Flair de forma controversa fazendo Flair bater com a cabeça em uma argola exposta para reter o Campeonato Feminino do SmackDown. Sua rivalidade continuaria em episódios subsequentes de Raw e SmackDown, também envolvendo Sasha Banks e a Campeã Feminina do Raw, Becky Lynch. No 20º aniversário do SmackDown em 4 de outubro, Flair e Lynch se uniram contra Bayley e Banks, onde Flair forçou Bayley a se submeter ao Figure Eight Leg Lock. Por causa da vitória, Flair ganhou uma revanche pelo Campeonato Feminino do SmackDown no Hell in a Cell.

Na final do King of the Ring no Raw de 16 de setembro, Baron Corbin derrotou Chad Gable para vencer o torneio, posteriormente mudando seu nome de ringue para King Corbin. Na noite seguinte no SmackDown depois que Corbin insultou Gable, Gable atacou Corbin. Uma revanche entre os dois no Raw de 23 de setembro terminou em desqualificação após Corbin atacar Gable com seu cetro. Outra revanche foi marcada para o Hell in a Cell.

No Raw de 16 de setembro, The O.C. (o Campeão dos Estados Unidos AJ Styles, Luke Gallows e Karl Anderson) derrotaram Cedric Alexander e The Viking Raiders (Ivar e Erik) em uma luta de trios. Após a luta, o The O.C. atacou Alexander e The Viking Raiders. Na semana seguinte, os The Viking Raiders derrotaram Gallows e Anderson em uma luta de duplas. Em 6 de outubro, uma luta entre The Viking Raiders e um parceiro de sua escolha contra todos os três membros do The O.C. foi agendada para Hell in a Cell.

No dia do evento, Alexa Bliss e Nikki Cross estavam programadas para defender o Campeonato Feminino de Duplas contra The Kabuki Warriors (Asuka e Kairi Sane), o time que Bliss e Cross eliminaram por último em uma fatal four-way de eliminação para vencerem os títulos em agosto.

Após semanas de rivalidade, uma luta entre Natalya e Lacey Evans foi agendada para o pré-show do Hell in a Cell.

Evento

Pré-show
Durante o pré-show do Hell in a Cell, Natalya enfrentou Lacey Evans. No clímax, quando Evans tentou um moonsault em Natalya, ela o evitou e forçou Evans a se submeter ao Sharpshooter para vencer a luta.

Ainda no pré-show, Randy Orton e Ali tiveram um confronto que levou Ali a desafiar Orton para uma luta que aconteceria no card principal.

Lutas preliminares
O pay-per-view começou com Becky Lynch defendendo o Campeonato Feminino do contra Sasha Banks em uma luta Hell in a Cell. No final, Banks jogou várias cadeiras no ringue e tentou um meteora em Lynch que estava deitada em cima das cadeiras, mas Lynch interceptou Banks com um suplex Exploder da corda superior para as cadeiras. Lynch então forçou Banks a se submeter ao Dis-arm-her para reter o título.

Em seguida foi a luta tornado de duplas, onde Daniel Bryan e Roman Reigns enfrentaram Erick Rowan e Luke Harper. No final, depois que Harper e Rowan dominaram a maior parte da luta, Bryan aplicou um running knee em Harper, seguido por Reigns aplicando um Superman Punch e uma Spear em Harper para vencer a luta. Após a luta, Reigns tentou apertar a mão de Bryan em sinal de respeito, mas Bryan insistiu em um abraço e os dois acabaram se abraçando.

Depois disso, Randy Orton enfrentou Ali. No final, Orton realizou um RKO em Ali para vencer a luta.

Na quarta luta, Alexa Bliss e Nikki Cross defenderam o Campeonato Feminino de Duplas contra The Kabuki Warriors (Asuka e Kairi Sane). No clímax, Sane distraiu Bliss fora do ringue enquanto Asuka cuspia o green mist no rosto de Cross e executava um roll-up em Cross para vencer o título.

Depois disso, The O.C. (o Campeão dos Estados Unidos AJ Styles, Luke Gallows e Karl Anderson) enfrentaram The Viking Raiders (Ivar e Erik) e um parceiro de sua escolha, que se revelou ser Braun Strowman. No final, após Strowman dominar o The O.C., o trio atacou Strowman com cadeiras de aço e acabou sendo desclassificado.

Em um segmento de backstage, Tamina (em sua primeira aparição desde a WrestleMania 35) fez um roll-up em Carmella para vencer o Campeonato 24/7.

Em seguida, King Corbin enfrentou Chad Gable. No clímax, Corbin tentou usar seu cetro em Gable, que o evitou e enrolou Corbin para vencer a luta, com o locutor do ringue anunciando-o como Shorty Gable (a pedido de Corbin).

Depois disso, a nova campeã 24/7 Tamina saiu dos bastidores para se esconder entre as equipes de transmissão internacional. Em uma briga envolvendo Funaki, Carmella executou um superkick em Tamina, seguido por R-Truth imobilizando Tamina para ganhar o campeonato 24/7 pela 20ª vez.

Na penúltima luta, Bayley defendeu o Campeonato Feminino do SmackDown contra Charlotte Flair. No final, Flair forçou Bayley a se submeter ao Figure Eight Leglock para ganhar o título pela quinta vez, e seu décimo título feminino geral no elenco principal da WWE.

Evento principal
No evento principal, Seth Rollins defendeu o Campeonato Universal contra "The Fiend" Bray Wyatt em uma luta Hell in a Cell, que foi banhada em luz vermelha. Durante a luta, Rollins executou um total de onze Stomps e um Pedigree em The Fiend, com The Fiend dando kick out em um em cada tentativa de pinfall, exceto a final, na qual ele deu kick out em dois. The Fiend usou um macete gigante em Rollins e, mais tarde, executou um Sister Abigail em Rollins mas Rollins fez o kick out. Rollins então recorreu ao uso de uma cadeira de aço, uma escada e uma caixa de ferramentas com Rollins visando especificamente a cabeça de The Fiend. Com The Fiend enterrado sob as armas, Rollins obteve uma marreta, mas o árbitro insistiu para que ele não a usasse. Após a contemplação, Rollins bateu a marreta no topo das armas sobre The Fiend, e o árbitro pediu para o gongo soar para interromper a luta sem um vencedor. Depois que a gaiola foi erguida, os paramédicos cuidaram de The Fiend, que se levantou e atacou Rollins com um Mandible Claw. Fora do ringue, The Fiend executou um Sister Abigail em Rollins e então executou um segundo Sister Abigail no concreto exposto antes de incapacitar Rollins com a Mandible Claw enquanto sangue escorria da boca de Rollins no final do evento.

Recepção
O Hell in a Cell recebeu críticas negativas, com a luta do evento principal sendo o foco esmagador de críticas. Digno de se notar, a torcida rejeitou a percepção ilógica do final da luta do evento principal pelo segundo ano consecutivo (uma interrupção do árbitro em uma partida sem regras de desqualificação que tradicionalmente não termina dessa maneira). A multidão logo começou a gritar "vaias" estrondosas, enquanto também gritava "besteira", "reembolso", "reinicie a luta" e também "AEW", em referência à All Elite Wrestling, uma empresa rival de luta livre. Nas redes sociais, o evento acabou virando tendência "pelos motivos errados", já que os fãs da WWE fizeram "memes sobre o final de Hell in a Cell enquanto questionavam a lógica por trás do booking da promoção". Outra tendência após o evento foi #CancelWWENetwork. De acordo com Dave Meltzer na Wrestling Observer Radio, o evento principal foi visto pela WWE como "um desastre, e isso é um eufemismo". O WWE Hall of Famer X-Pac, que apareceu no programa de entrevistas ao vivo da WWE Watch Along, reagiu indignado ao final do evento principal. Reconhecendo que a WWE não pode convidá-lo a voltar a esses programas de reação, X-Pac questionou: "como diabos você foi desqualificado em uma luta Hell in a Cell de merda?" O ex-árbitro da WWE Jim Korderas não gostou do final, já que durante a luta Hell in a Cell "todas as regras são jogadas pela janela e nesta luta deve haver uma finalidade. Esta luta foi projetada para negar coisas como uma interrupção do árbitro."

Dave Meltzer, no Wrestling Observer Radio, afirmou que de uma "tomada de decisão" e "ponto de vista de reserva mental", Hell in a Cell foi "um dos piores" pay-per-views de wrestling profissional de todos os tempos. Alternativamente, do "ponto de vista da execução do wrestling", Hell in a Cell foi um show "melhor do que bem", com duas lutas de abertura sendo "muito boas" e o meio sendo "bom", mas foi apenas "morto na última luta " No Newsletter do Wrestling Observer, o evento foi descrito como um "desastre". Meltzer classificou as duas lutas de abertura com 4 estrelas e o evento principal com -2 estrelas. Este último foi descrito como "talvez o pior evento principal na história do pro wrestling onde a culpa não está em nenhum dos competidores", devido "ao tingimento do visual, a luta excessivamente longa, o babyface que a multidão foi rejeitando cada vez mais e um acabamento que não se explica ". Meltzer também criticou a "ordem das lutas instáveis", já que após o término das duas primeiras grandes lutas, a multidão "estava apenas esperando o evento principal" (apenas três lutas foram promovidas na TV), resultando em um "blá" no meio do show que parecia que "demorou uma eternidade".

Philip Martinez, da Newsweek, afirmou que Hell in a Cell "pode entrar para a história por um dos finais mais decepcionantes da história moderna da WWE." Daniel van Boom da CNET chamou Hell in a Cell de "um show ruim", "tão ruim quanto possível" para qualquer show com "dois grandes combates neles" (a luta pelo título feminino do Raw e a luta tornado de duplas), como a maioria do show foi "pulável, e o final foi fantasticamente estúpido".

Mike Tedesco da WrestleView declarou o Hell in a Cell como o pior PPV da WWE realizado em 2019 nos Estados Unidos até agora. Tedesco escreveu que a "péssima narrativa" do evento principal prejudicou a percepção de seus participantes e da gimmick da luta Hell in a Cell. Banks-Lynch foi "lento às vezes com alguns pontos mal cronometrados, mas elas foram inovadores nisso e trabalharam duro", enquanto Orton-Ali "foi muito bom" para uma luta não anunciada. A combinação do tornado e Bayley-Charlotte foram "decentes". A luta de trios foi "muito, muito ruim", a luta pelo título feminino foi "dolorosamente maçante" e Gable-Corbin estava "simplesmente lá".

Jason Powell, do Pro Wrestling Dot Net, afirmou que o "show atingiu o pico com as duas primeiras lutas, mas aquele terrível final do evento principal será discutido nos próximos anos." Foi "um dos acabamentos mais idiotas" que ele "já vira". Powell também criticou as finais para a luta de trios e Bayley-Charlotte.  Wade Keller do Pro Wrestling Torch chamou o evento principal de "desastre do início ao fim", afirmando que era "estúpido" que uma luta Hell in A Cell foi encerrada porque ficou muito violento. Portanto, Keller declarou a AEW a encedora do evento principal. Quanto ao resto do show, Keller descreveu Lynch-Banks como "tremendo", 4,25 estrelas em 5, e a combinação do tornado como "excelente", 4 estrelas. Corbin-Gable como seu "esforço menos inspirado até agora", os eventos do título 24/7, como "realmente planos", incluindo "palhaçadas estereotipadas de comédia maluca" do ex-lutador japonês Funaki e, por último, Orton-Ali como sem emoção.

O evento principal foi eleito o vencedor do Prêmio Gooker da WrestleCrap para a pior gimmick, enredo ou evento de luta livre em 2019. Em sua indução, foi notado que ter o videogame WWE 2K20 - cujo lançamento foi marcado por vários bugs - como patrocinador do show deveria ter prenunciado sua qualidade, já que "ver o vencedor Gooker sendo patrocinado pelo segundo corredor para o prêmio é um novo território rançoso." O evento principal também foi eleito a pior luta do ano pelo Wrestling Observer Newsletter, tornando-se a luta Hell in a Cell mais mal recebida de todos os tempos.

Depois do evento
No Raw seguinte, todas as campeãs femininas foram colocadas em uma luta de equipes, com a Campeã Feminina do Raw, Becky Lynch, e a nova Campeã Feminina do SmackDown, Charlotte Flair, contra as novas Campeãs Femininas de Duplas, The Kabuki Warriors (Asuka e Kairi Sane). As Kabuki Warriors venceram depois que Asuka cuspiu o green mist no rosto de Lynch e Sane a imobilizou. Após a luta, as ex-campeãs de duplas Alexa Bliss e Nikki Cross atacaram as Kabuki Warriors.

O WWE Draft de 2019 começou no episódio seguinte do SmackDown. Nesse episódio, Bayley, ostentando cabelo mais curto e destruindo os Bayley-buddies durante sua entrada, recuperou o Campeonato Feminino do SmackDown de Charlotte Flair. No Raw subsequente, a escolha número um do Raw no Draft, Becky Lynch, estava escalada para enfrentar Sasha Banks, draftada do SmackDown, em uma revanche sem título para determinar qual marca receberia o primeiro draft da noite. Banks, no entanto, não pôde competir devido a uma lesão e foi substituída por Charlotte Flair. Lynch venceu e Flair foi posteriormente convocada para o Raw.

Também durante o SmackDown seguinte (a primeira noite do Draft de 2019), o Campeão Universal Seth Rollins (representando o Raw) enfrentou Roman Reigns (representando o SmackDown) com o vencedor ganhando para sua marca o primeiro draft escolhido naquela noite. No clímax, "The Fiend" Bray Wyatt apareceu e atacou Rollins, resultando na vitória de Rollins por desqualificação e dando ao Raw a primeira escolha no Draft. Wyatt foi posteriormente convocado para o SmackDown. No Raw seguinte (segunda noite do Draft), Rollins foi convocado para o Raw, mas agendado para uma revanche pelo título com The Fiend no Crown Jewel em uma luta Falls Count Anywhere que não pode ser interrompida por qualquer motivo.

No Raw na noite após Hell in a Cell, Lacey Evans e Natalya tiveram uma revanche como uma luta Last Woman Standing que Natalya também ganhou. No Crown Jewel, Evans e Natalya competiram na primeira luta feminina da Arábia Saudita vencida por Natalya.

King Corbin enfrentou Chad Gable, agora oficialmente com Shorty Gable (mais tarde alterado para Shorty G), em uma revanche no SmackDown de 11 de outubro, que Corbin venceu.

Resultados

Links externos

2019 na Califórnia
Eventos da Califórnia
WWE Hell in a Cell
Eventos de 2019 no WWE Network
Eventos de outubro de 2019

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
637 () fue un año común comenzado en miércoles del calendario juliano, en vigor en aquella fecha.

Acontecimientos
 Comienzo de la conquista islámica de Persia: cae la capital sasánida Ctesifonte en manos de las tropas árabes de Sa'ad ibn Abi Waqqas.

Enlaces externos


text:
Estilete (ou estilo) é o termo da botânica que designa o prolongamento do ovário (parte inferior) até o estigma (parte superior) nas flores.

O estilete é formado por um tecido diferenciado chamado "tecido de transmissão", sujeito a ser degradado por enzimas secretadas pelo tubo polínico, que cresce pelo estilete até alcançar o ovário. Embora tenha importância na reprodução das Angiospermas, não está presente em algumas espécies.

Morfologia vegetal
Reprodução vegetal


text:
Quarto Centenário est une municipalité brésilienne située dans l'État du Paraná. Quarto Centenário est situé à 13 km au sud-ouest de Goioerê, qui est la plus grande ville aux alentours.

Notes et références

Municipalité au Paraná


text:
Lymexylon persicus är en skalbaggsart som beskrevs av Foursow 1935. Lymexylon persicus ingår i släktet Lymexylon och familjen varvsflugor. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.

Källor

Varvsflugor
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text:
Anthony Kenneth Blackburn (born 29 January 1943) is an English disc jockey, singer and TV presenter. He first achieved fame broadcasting on the pirate stations Radio Caroline and Radio London in the 1960s, before joining the BBC, on the BBC Light Programme. He was the first disc jockey to broadcast on BBC Radio 1 at its launch, on 30 September 1967, and has had several stints working for the corporation. He has also worked for Capital London and Classic Gold Digital, and currently BBC Radio 2, BBC Local Radio, and British Forces Broadcasting Service. He has also had a singing career.

In 2002 Blackburn was the first winner of the British reality TV series I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here!

Early life
Blackburn was born in Guildford, Surrey, on 29 January 1943, but in 1946 his family moved to Poole, Dorset, where his youngest sister, Jacqueline, was born. His sister was born suffering from polio and was unable to walk since birth. Blackburn's father, Kenneth Fleming Blackburn, was a GP and his mother, Pauline Cubitt (née Stone), was a nurse. He was educated at Castle Court School in Parkstone, Poole, Dorset. He gained entry to Millfield in Somerset on a sports scholarship and captained the school's cricket team.

Blackburn left before taking any examinations, but gained O-levels following private tuition, and enrolled for an HND course in Business Studies at Bournemouth Technical College.

Career

Early career as disc jockey
After beginning his career as a singer, Blackburn then worked as a DJ for the offshore pirate radio stations Radio Caroline and Radio London (1964–1967), before joining the BBC in the summer of 1967, initially broadcasting on the BBC Light Programme.

After a simulcast with BBC Radio 2 hosted by Paul Hollingdale, Blackburn was the first DJ to be heard on BBC Radio 1 when it officially launched at 7 am on 30 September 1967, with his first words on the new station being "And good morning everyone! Welcome to the exciting new sound of Radio 1!" The Move's "Flowers in the Rain" was the first complete record he played. Blackburn recalled in 2014: "My job was to entertain and tell corny jokes, not have opinions or talk politics. If I wanted to wish the Queen a happy birthday, I had to get clearance from above." In the early years of his Radio 1 career Blackburn often employed an audio clip of a barking dog, "Arnold", which he had previously used at Radio Caroline and Radio London.

At first he was associated mainly with mainstream pop, but he later championed soul music. It was largely due to him that "I'm Still Waiting" by Diana Ross, which was initially just an album track, was released as a single in the UK in 1971 and reached number one. He was a regular host of Top of the Pops for a decade until 1979 and he appeared with fellow DJ's Noel Edmonds and Kenny Everett on the 500th anniversary show where he performed the spoken part of "Won't Somebody Dance with Me" and then danced with singer Lynsey de Paul. In 1968, he fronted his own show, Time For Blackburn, produced by Southern Television for the ITV network. "The Radio 1 DJs were a massive attraction. We were mobbed everywhere we went", Blackburn told Simon Hattenstone, referring to personal appearances. "It was all a bit mad, but great fun", he told Judith Woods in 2014. We "were built up to be stars in our own right, and as a result we were as famous as the artists we played."

In 1973, when his pantomime performance was interrupted by a power cut, he said the miners should "go back to work". He was admonished by management and taken off-air for two weeks. In an interview for the Radio Academy's Radio Talk podcast in 2013, Blackburn said that it is "not advisable" for a broadcaster to reveal their political allegiances. In this interview, he said that he is "not a great lover of the TUC or of unions ... but I keep it to myself now."

Singing career
He was in a group called Tony Blackburn and the Rovers which at one point included Al Stewart; they performed in Bournemouth and the surrounding areas. His singing career failed to take off, although three studio albums and fourteen singles were released, of which two, "So Much Love" and "It's Only Love", made the UK Top 40 in 1968 and 1969 respectively. "So much Love" suffered from a shortage of copies because "the pressing plant went on strike, so nobody could get the record", he once recalled. "I don't think the strike was anything to do with the record, though it might have been... quality control or something." As the years progressed he spent less time making his own music and concentrated on radio work, by the end of the 1970s he had stopped singing altogether.

In 1972 he released a self-titled album on the RCA label. Two of the tracks were released as singles: "Chop Chop", written by Nicky Chinn and Mike Chapman, and "House of Cards", written by Lynsey de Paul and Barry Green. His version of Doris Troy's "I'll Do Anything" was recorded in 1969 for his second album, Tony Blackburn, which was released on Polydor label. This version of the Gamble and Huff song was re-discovered by Northern soul fans when it was pressed up as a white label and became a hit on the scene's dancefloors. The single was re-released as a single under the pseudonym Lenny Gamble on Casino Classics in June 1978, with the pseudonym being a portmanteau of songwriters Leon Huff and Kenny Gamble. Blackburn was allegedly furious when Noel Edmonds revealed the alias on air. Nevertheless, Blackburn and Edmonds became close friends. All of Blackburn's singles, including "I'll Do Anything" and "House of Cards" were released in 2012 on a CD compilation album The Singles Collection 1965–1980 on the Cherry Red label.

From 1973 to 1984
In June 1973, he took over Jimmy Young's mid-morning slot when Young moved across to Radio 2, where he introduced "The Golden Hour". The feature was to prove durable, being carried on by Simon Bates, Simon Mayo, and Chris Moyles when they subsequently took over that time slot.

Over several years of the 1970s, Blackburn was a co-presenter on the BBC's summer programme Seaside Special, alongside other well-known names from BBC Radio, such as Dave Lee Travis and David Hamilton. On 16 August 1975 he appeared singing "Tie a Yellow Ribbon Round the Ole Oak Tree", with a lion tamer, in a cage of lions.

In November 1977 he took over the weekday afternoon show and from September 1979 until December 1981 he presented the Sunday Top 40 show on Radio 1.

At the start of 1980 he took over from Ed Stewart as the presenter of Junior Choice, broadcast on Saturday and Sunday mornings from 8am to 10am, while continuing to present the Sunday chart show until the end of 1981. He was succeeded by Tommy Vance. During 1982, BBC Radio 1 dropped the name Junior Choice and the show became the Tony Blackburn's Saturday Show and Tony Blackburn's Sunday Show. Blackburn hosted both shows until his final show on 23 September 1984.

In addition to his Radio 1 weekend show, he joined BBC Radio London in 1981, where he presented the weekday afternoon show. It was here that he showed his appreciation of soul music. "Soul music is sexy music, raunchy music. I didn't want it to be a niche thing, I wanted to bring it to a mass audience. I wanted cab drivers to listen to it because I think pop soul is fabulous, I do, really", he told Simon Hattenstone.

From the mid to late 1980s, Blackburn presented the show "Soul Station" on BFBS Radio. One of the jingles was "Tony Blackburn - The Human Dynamo".

Blackburn had a difficult relationship with fellow DJ John Peel, whom he recalled saying: "'People don't realise how much you've done for soul music', and I said: 'I bet you'd never say that publicly', and he said: 'Oh no!'"

Having left Radio 1 after seventeen years of broadcasting, he took over Radio London's weekday mid-morning show in 1984. He joined Capital London in 1988, and was involved in beginning their Capital Gold London station, presenting programmes such as the Breakfast show, Weekends, Drivetime then the Weekday evening show playing his own choice of music, where he remained until 2002. He hosted similar shows on Jazz FM in Manchester and its successor Smooth, and the Real Radio Network.

Later career
In 1987, Blackburn made an extended appearance on the second ever edition of After Dark on Channel 4. In 1989 Blackburn co-presented the morning TV show Sky by Day on Sky One. The show aired weekdays at 11:00 and was broadcast live.

He was the subject of This Is Your Life in 1992, when he was surprised by Michael Aspel while broadcasting his Capital Gold radio show at the company's studios in London.

In 2002, Blackburn was the winner of the first series of the British reality TV show I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here!

In 2004, Blackburn re-joined BBC Radio London, originally taking over a two-hour timeslot on Monday evening from 20:00 to 22:00. Here he would be given free rein on his choice of music. In addition to this he also took over the station's Saturday Lunchtime show, broadcasting from 12:00 to 14:00.

Blackburn began presenting the Breakfast show for Bedfordshire-based Classic Gold Digital in late 2003. He was suspended in June 2004 for playing too many Cliff Richard records as the singer was not on the station's playlist. Noel Edmonds, whose company owned a majority shareholding, thought Blackburn would soon return to broadcasting for the station. The suspension was short lived. Blackburn won his dispute with management over the playlist a few days later, and Cliff Richard was added to it. "We should be playing him as much as The Beatles", said the station head. Whilst doing the Breakfast show, he left his Monday evening show on Radio London but continued to present Saturday Lunchtime.

"I'm still a part of the disco generation," Blackburn told The Times in December 2004. "There is no pretence there and it never seems to date. I think disco did much more as a contribution to music than Bob Dylan or Neil Young. People get snobbish about music. Disco never takes itself too seriously."

In early 2008, Blackburn took over Weekend Breakfast on Smooth Radio, originally broadcasting to London audiences only, but a couple of months later the show was networked across the Smooth Radio network.

On 6 November 2010, Blackburn replaced Dale Winton as the regular host of BBC Radio 2's Pick of the Pops programme. One of his remaining ambitions was to present a programme on Radio 2. "I was 37 when I left Radio 1, and 2 seemed a natural progression. So it's only taken 30 years", Blackburn said in 2010. Blackburn presented the show every Saturday from 13:00 to 15:00. He also presented shows on BBC Radio Berkshire from 22:00 to 01:00 on Fridays and Sundays, and BBC London 94.9 on Sundays from 12:00 to 15:00.

Between 2 July 2016 and June 2017, Blackburn presented a weekly four-hour soul music show, the Soul and Motown Show, every Saturday from 18:00 to 22:00 on London's DAB station Thames Radio.

From 2007 to 2020, he presented a weekly three-hour show, Tony's Blackburn's Playlist every Sunday from 16:00 to 19:00 on KMFM in Kent. This included a retro chart feature for many years.

Blackburn has won two lifetime achievement awards from the Radio Academy, the second of which was to mark his fifty years of broadcasting.

BBC dismissal and return
On 25 February 2016, Blackburn was dismissed by the BBC in an announcement from Lord Hall, the corporation's Director General, stating that the contents of documents from the early 1970s were in conflict with evidence Blackburn had given to Dame Janet Smith's inquiry into Jimmy Savile's sexual abuse at BBC premises. Blackburn said he repeatedly told Smith and the BBC that he had never been interviewed about an alleged incident in the 1970s and that Smith's report made no suggestion that he was guilty of any misconduct whatsoever. Smith found Blackburn's denial that he was interviewed by light entertainment head Bill Cotton and Sir Brian Neill QC unsatisfactory. Neill had been appointed by the BBC to look into unrelated matters concerning Top of the Pops. Cotton's colleague, Tony Preston, had written a memo at the time concerning the interviews. Neill, the only one of the three men still alive, initially declined to comment, but later said he had interviewed Blackburn and, in 1972, had cleared him of wrongdoing.

Blackburn complained that the BBC was dismissing him and damaging his career based on the discrepancy. He said that like Smith's report, a coroner's inquest and a police inquiry had made no suggestion that he was guilty of any misconduct, adding that the report was a "whitewash" and that he had been "scapegoated" for giving his best recollections of events 45 years before. He asked: "Given Dame Janet Smith's concerns of a culture of fear in coming forward at the BBC, what whistle-blower at the BBC would ever come forward when they see the way they have hung me out to dry?" He said he intended to take legal action against the BBC.

Nina Myskow commented on Radio 2: "It should be a sad black day for the BBC because of the revelations about the whole Savile episode, but in fact that's been buried very cleverly by the BBC as usual by sacking Tony Blackburn."

Blackburn continued to present a show on KMFM. A spokesman for the station said, "He is a great asset, a fantastic broadcaster and someone we are proud to work with."

In October 2016, it was reported that Blackburn would again be working for the BBC, presenting an hour-long programme on BBC Radio 2 on Friday evenings, and additionally returning to BBC Local Radio. He returned to BBC Radio 2 on New Year's Eve 2016, and to BBC Local Radio on both New Year's Day and 6 January 2017, opening with Gloria Gaynor's "I Will Survive".

Blackburn now presents Sounds of the 60s on Radio 2, having taken over on 4 March 2017 from Brian Matthew, who hosted it for 27 years. The show is now broadcast live on Saturday mornings between 06:00 and 08:00, and he now also presents his Golden Hour music programme on Sunday nights.

On 30 September 2017, Blackburn recreated his first Radio 1 breakfast show on BBC Radio 2, playing the songs from vinyl, and he later joined Nick Grimshaw, and guests Mike Read, Simon Mayo and Sara Cox for a special show to celebrate the 50th anniversary of the launches of Radio 1 and Radio 2.

In 2020, Blackburn teamed up with Kaiser Chiefs frontman Ricky Wilson to present a new series of podcasts entitled Ricky and Tony's Pop Detectives. The shows centre around Blackburn and Wilson trying to unravel long-held myths and rumours about pop stars' lives and their music. The first episode centred around whether Debbie Harry had really been in a car with serial killer Ted Bundy, as she had previously claimed. The series was released to positive reviews and a further series was released in the summer of 2020.

In the month that he celebrates his 80th birthday, Blackburn presented a 2 hour slot, 'Your Soul Mate' for BBC Radio 2, on 2 January 2023, sharing his favourite genre of music and his personal memories associated with the playlist.

Personal life
In 1972 Blackburn married actress Tessa Wyatt. The couple had a son, Simon, who was born on 8 April 1973, but they divorced in November 1977 after separating the previous year. In June 1992 he married his second wife, Debbie, a theatrical agent. He has a son, Simon, and a daughter, Victoria, who was born in 1997. He has two grandsons.

Blackburn has been a vegetarian since the age of four. He lives in Arkley, Hertfordshire.

References

External links
Sounds of the 60s with Tony Blackburn (BBC Radio 2)
Tony Blackburn (BBC Radio Berkshire)
Tony Blackburn's Soul on Sunday (BBC Radio London)
Tony Blackburn's Golden Hour (BBC Radio 2)

Audio: Interview with Paul Morley for The Observer, 2010

1943 births
Living people
BBC Radio 1 presenters
London
English radio DJs
English television presenters
I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (British TV series) winners
Offshore radio broadcasters
People educated at Millfield
People from Guildford
Pirate radio personalities
BBC Radio 2 presenters
English pop singers
British television presenters
Top of the Pops presenters


text:
Pseuderanthemum minutiflorum är en akantusväxtart som först beskrevs av Adolph Daniel Edward Elmer, och fick sitt nu gällande namn av Merrill. Pseuderanthemum minutiflorum ingår i släktet Pseuderanthemum och familjen akantusväxter. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.

Källor

Akantusväxter
minutiflorum


text:
Humbert war von 1101 bis 1104 Erzbischof des Erzbistums Hamburg-Bremen.

In Urkunden von 1089 bis 1101 wird Humbert als Kanzler Kaiser Heinrichs IV. erwähnt. Da dessen Kappelan Otto den ihm vom Kaiser angetragenen Bremer Erzbischofsstuhl zugunsten des Bamberger Bischofsamtes ausschlug, bestimmte Heinrich IV. wohl noch im Jahr 1101 Humbert zum Nachfolger Liemars. In der Reichspolitik spielte Humbert fortan kaum eine Rolle mehr und auch über seine kurze Bremer Amtszeit ist kaum nennenswertes überliefert. Allerdings fiel noch in diese Jahre die Entscheidung des Papstes von 1104, das schwedische Bistum Lund, das bis dahin der bremischen Jurisdiktion unterstand, zum Erzbistum aufzuwerten. Die Zuständigkeit der bremischen Kirche für Skandinavien ging damit verloren, auch wenn sie im 12. Jahrhundert noch einmal vorübergehend wieder anerkannt wurde.

Literatur
 Günter Glaeske: Die Erzbischöfe von Hamburg-Bremen als Reichsfürsten (937–1258). Hildesheim 1962, S. 120–121.
 Dieter Hägermann, Ulrich Weidinger und Konrad Elmshäuser: Bremische Kirchengeschichte im Mittelalter, Bremen 2012, S. 121.

Römisch-katholischer Bischof (12. Jahrhundert)
Bischof von Bremen
Erzbischof von Hamburg
Deutscher
Geboren im 11. Jahrhundert
Gestorben 1104
Mann


text:
Far from the Madding Crowd is a 1915 British silent drama film produced and directed by Laurence Trimble and starring Florence Turner, Henry Edwards and Malcolm Cherry. Trimble also adapted Thomas Hardy's 1874 novel for the screen. Far from the Madding Crowd is a lost film.

Cast
 Florence Turner as Bathsheba Everdene
 Henry Edwards as Gabriel Oak
 Malcolm Cherry as Farmer Boldwood
 Campbell Gullan as Sergeant Troy
 Marion Grey as Fanny Robin
 Dorothy Rowan as Lyddie
 John MacAndrews as Farmhand
 Johnny Butt as Farmhand
 Jean as Gabriel's dog

Production

The rights to adapt Far from the Madding Crowd for the screen were secured in 1915 by Turner Films, an independent film production company established in England by American film star Florence Turner. Filmmaker Laurence Trimble, who had often directed Turner while they were at Vitagraph Studios, was head of production for Turner Films, which had its studios at Walton-on-Thames.

Little is known about the production, apart from its being shot in authentic locales in Dorset. After the film's premiere on 16 November 1915, at a private screening at London's West End Cinema, the press response was favorable. The Times wrote that Hardy "can have little reason to complain of the way in which his work has been handled. … One feels that the country in which the action is laid is really the Wessex of the novel and that the farm, the cattle, the sheep are the genuine ones over which Gabriel Oak watched with such care." In February 1916, the five-reel feature film was given a general release in Britain.

On 19 June 1916 the film was released in the United States, the first of six Turner productions to be distributed in the U.S. by Mutual Film. The production was panned in a Variety review, which criticized the narrative as hard to follow and deemed the 30-year-old Turner as "no longer qualified physically to portray the roles of the simple ingenue type". The reviewer concluded, "Far from the Madding Crowd is one of those stories of the type that appeared a decade to two ago in The Fireside Companion, intended primarily for consumption in the scullery and pantry by the maids and the cook and the picture carries the same atmosphere."

Hardy does not appear to have seen the film, although he wrote program notes for its premiere. The film's success in Britain prompted him to write his publisher that he was "glad to hear that Far from the Madding Crowd comes out so well." By 1920 Hardy had changed his opinion, saying that it "seems to have been a failure". No boxoffice records are available to determine the film's financial success. Turner Films ceased production after Trimble and Turner returned to the U.S. later in 1916.

References

External links

Article on the lost film, Moviessilently.com 9 June 2013

1915 films
1910s historical drama films
Films directed by Laurence Trimble
Films based on British novels
Films based on works by Thomas Hardy
British silent feature films
Lost British films
British historical drama films
Films set in England
Films set in the 1870s
British black-and-white films
1915 lost films
Lost drama films
1915 drama films
1910s English-language films
1910s British films
Silent drama films
British drama short films


text:
L'edizione 1965 del campionato di calcio svedese (Allsvenskan) vide la vittoria finale del .

Capocannoniere del torneo fu Bo Larsson (), con 28 reti.

Classifica finale

Verdetti
 Malmö FF campione di Svezia 1965.
 Hammarby IF e GIF Sundsvall retrocesse in Division 2.

Collegamenti esterni

Calcio nel 1965
Campionato svedese di calcio


text:
Omphale vulgaris är en stekelart som beskrevs av Hans G. Hansson 1996. Omphale vulgaris ingår i släktet Omphale och familjen finglanssteklar.

Artens utbredningsområde är Costa Rica. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.

Källor

Finglanssteklar
vulgaris


text:
Ang Rita (1948 Nepál – 21. září 2020) byl nepálský horolezec a šerpa. Stal se prvním člověkem, který vystoupil 10krát na nejvyšší horu světa Mount Everest. Jako výškový nosič horolezeckých výprav vystoupil i na další osmitisícovky (celkem 21×), jako jsou Dhaulágirí, Čo Oju, Makalu a Kančendženga, kterou zdolal v zimním období. V letech 1983–1996 vystoupil 10× na Mount Everest bez použití umělého kyslíku z toho jednou v zimním období a jednou ze severu z Číny.

Na jaře 1984 se účastnil československé expedice s Dinou Štěrbovou a Věrou Komárkovou na Čo Oju. Na podzim lezl opět v československé expedici na Mount Everest jižním pilířem spolu s Jozefem Psotkou a Zoltánem Demjánem. Při návratu z vrcholu cestou přes Jižní sedlo Jozef Psotka zahynul, když se zřítil z ledovce. Byl posledním, kdo Jozefa Psotku viděl živého, na popud Československa se musel v Nepálu zodpovídat z toho, že zanechal Jozefa Psotku samotného v roztrhaném stanu na Jižním sedle.

Po posledním výstupu na Mount Everest v roce 1996 pro onemocnění cirhózou ukončil horolezeckou činnost. Jeho dva synové jsou také horolezci, již zdolali několik osmitisícovek. Ang Rita je znám i pod přezdívkou "Sněžný leopard".

Odkazy

Reference

Literatura

Externí odkazy
  Životopis na EverestHistory.com

Nepálští horolezci
Narození v Nepálu
Narození v roce 1948
Úmrtí v roce 2020
Muži
Úmrtí 21. září


text:
Der Aussichtsturm Kolibki (Wieża widokowa w Kolibkach) ist ein 50 Meter hoher Aussichts- und Fernmeldeturm, den die PTK Centertel 2006 in Kolibki (dt. Koliebken, kasch. Kòlëbki), einem Viertel in Gdynias Ortsteil Orłowo, nahe der SKM-Haltestelle errichten ließ. Der Turm ging am 17. September 2007 in Betrieb. Er fällt durch seine Konstruktion auf. Sie besteht aus drei Betonsäulen, zwischen denen eine Wendeltreppe bis zur Aussichtsplattform in 28 Meter Höhe führt.

Ein anderer Aussichtsturm in Gdynia befindet sich auf dem Berg Góra Donas.

Weblinks

 Wieża widokowa w Kolibkach bei Gdynia, moje miasto (polnisch)

Einzelnachweise

Kolibki
Gdynia
Kolibki
Erbaut in den 2000er Jahren
Bauwerk in der Woiwodschaft Pommern
Kolibki


text:
Le monocoque NZL-60 (ou Team New Zealand-NZL 60) de la Emirates Team New Zealand était le defender néo-zélandais de la Royal New Zealand Yacht Squadron d'Auckland lors de la  Coupe de l'America (America's Cup) en 2000 se déroulant à Auckland contre le Challenger italien Luna Rossa (ITA-45) du Yacht Club Punta Ala.

Construction
NZL-60 est un monocoque de Class America conçu par Tom Schnackenberg, Laurie Davidson, Clay Oliver et Mike Drummond. Il est construit à Auckland par Cookson Boatbuilders, en fibre de carbone. Son « lièvre », NZL-57, sort de chantier début septembre 1999. NZL-60 est terminé cinq semaines plus tard, à la mi-octobre.

Carrière

Lors de la  de la Coupe Louis Vuitton à Auckland en 1999-2000 onze bateaux de sept pays différents ont pris part à la compétition, sans la présence d'un bateau néo-zélandais. Ce fut le bateau italien Luna Rossa (ITA-45) qui remporta la victoire.

Lors de la , qui s'est déroulé à Auckland du  au , Team New Zealand NZL-60 skippé par Russell Coutts a battu le challenger italien Luna Rossa (ITA-45), skippé par Francesco de Angelis par 5 manches à 0.

C'était la première fois qu'il n'y avait pas de challenger américain à cette compétition.

Notes et références

Voir aussi

Articles connexes
New Zealand KZ-1,
Black Magic,
NZL-82,
NZL-92,
Aotearoa (NZL-5)

Liens externes
30° America's Cup - Site America's Cup History

Sloop
Yacht
Nom de bateau
Bateau néo-zélandais
Coupe de l'America 2000
Bateau lancé en 1999
Navire construit en Nouvelle-Zélande
Defender de la coupe de l'America


text:
The Drummond Will is a 2011 British comedy film directed by Alan Butterworth, starring Philip James and Mark Oosterveen, and written by Butterworth and Sam Forster. The film is a fusion of the theatrical style found in classic Ealing Comedies with modern British humour.

Plot
Following the death of their father, two sons inherit a decrepit cottage in a small British village in the middle of nowhere. They soon find the building also contains a large sum of unexpected cash, and through a combination of bad luck and very poor judgment they soon find themselves having to deal with an increasing body count of elderly villagers while attempting to avoid suspicion.

Cast

 Philip James as Danny Drummond
 Mark Oosterveen as Marcus Drummond
 Jeremy Drakes as Solicitor
 Jonathan Hansler as Constable
 Victoria Jeffrey as Betty
 Nigel Osner as Vicar
 Eryl Lloyd Parry as Colonel
 Keith Parry as Rufus Drummond
 Morrison Thomas as Malcolm the Bastard

Critical response
Critical reaction at film festivals was positive - it debuted at the Woods Hole Film Festival where it won the Best Film (Comedy) award, and later won various other festival awards including the Best International Feature award at the Big Island Film Festival. Dennis Harvey, reviewing the film for Variety, called it "an agreeable Ealing-meets-Farrelly feel on modest means" that will "amuse casual viewers and delight genre fans". George Haymont of the Huffington Post called it "one of the most refreshingly inventive and lovingly crafted send-ups of a beloved genre to be seen in many a moon" and is "the blackest of comedies and a joyful romp rolled into one very pleasing package".

Home media

The film was released theatrically in the US in July 2011, with a DVD and Blu-ray release in August 2011 in the UK.

References

External links

2010 films
2010 comedy-drama films
British black comedy films
British buddy films
British comedy-drama films
2010s English-language films
2010 directorial debut films
2010s British films


text:
Flair est un magazine hebdomadaire belge à destination des femmes qui appartient au groupe finlandais Sanoma Media. Il est publié en français et en néerlandais.

Historique
La société Sanoma Magazines Belgium S.A. a été fondée le . Récemment son nom a changé : Sanoma Media.

Sanoma Media possède plusieurs magazines et sites Internet : Flair, Moustique, Femmes d'aujourdhui, Libelle, GAEL, Feeling, Humo, Vitaya, Glam It, Zappybaby.be, Styletoday.be, kieskeurig.be, etc.

Le premier Flair francophone est sorti en . Il s'adresse à la femme active entre 18 et 35 ans.

Le site francophone est en ligne depuis .

Thèmes
Les thèmes des articles du magazines sont regroupés en quatre groupes qui ont reçu un nom :
Planet Soulmate (les relations, l'émotion, le sexe sans tabou, les conseils psycho),
Body (mode, beauté et minceur),
Luxe Accessible (bons plans, réductions sur les nuits d'hôtel, en thalassothérapie, au restaurant, etc.)
 Shopping (bonnes adresses, filons bon marché, cadeaux à mini-prix, etc.)

Les suppléments
De temps en temps, Flair est accompagné d'un supplément de plus petit format, appelé pocket. Les plus connus sont les suivants : Hôtel Pocket, Weekend Pocket, Resto Pocket, Beauty Farm Pocket.

Liens externes

 site de Sanoma Media

Magazine belge
Presse féminine


text:
Cet article recense les frontières de la Tchéquie.

Frontières terrestres

La Tchéquie n'a que des frontières terrestres qu'elle partage avec quatre pays voisins, Pologne, Autriche, Slovaquie, Allemagne. La République tchèque possède également une enclave de la France, grâce à la butte de Zuran.

Notes et références


text:
Паскі́вщина — село в Україні, у Броварському районі Київської області. Населення становить 544 особи. Входить до Згурівької селищної громади. Після аварії на ЧАЕС у 1986 році населення села Стечанка Іванківського району Київської області було сюди переселено.

Відомі мешканці

Уродженці
 Кирій Іван Іванович — український письменник, прозаїк.

Див. також
 Перелік населених пунктів, що постраждали від Голодомору 1932—1933 (Київська область)

Села Київської області


text:
Tereza Voborníková (* 31. května 2000 Vrchlabí) je česká biatlonistka a juniorská mistryně světa ve sprintu a stíhacím závodu.

Životopis
Tereza Voborníková se narodila 31. května 2000 ve Vrchlabí. V roce 2020 odmaturovala na gymnáziu v Jilemnici.

Ve světovém poháru ve své dosavadní kariéře nevyhrála žádný individuální ani kolektivní závod. Jejím nejlepším individuálním výsledkem je 6. místo ze sprintu na MS v Oslo Holmenkollen v sezóně 2022/2023. V roce 2022 se zúčastnila pekingské olympiády, kde nejlépe obsadila 34. místo ve vytrvalostním závodu.

Biatlonu se věnuje od roku 2014. Ve světovém poháru debutovala v lednu 2020 ve sprintu v Oberhofu.

Výsledky

Olympijské hry a mistrovství světa

Poznámka: Výsledky z mistrovství světa ani z olympijských her se do celkového hodnocení světového poháru nezapočítávají.

Světový pohár
Sezóna 2019/20

Sezóna 2020/21

Sezóna 2021/22

Sezóna 2022/23

Mistrovství Evropy

Juniorská a dorostenecká mistrovství

Odkazy

Reference

Externí odkazy

České biatlonistky
Narození v roce 2000
Narození 31. května
Narození ve Vrchlabí
Žijící lidé
Ženy


text:
Das Zentralinstitut für Isotopen- und Strahlenforschung (ZfI) war eine außeruniversitäre Forschungseinrichtung der Akademie der Wissenschaften der DDR (AdW).

Geschichte
Die Einrichtung bestand von 1969 bis 1991 in Leipzig. Sie entstand im Rahmen der 1968 begonnenen Akademiereform und wurde durch Zusammenlegung des Instituts für stabile Isotope Leipzig (1956–1970), des Instituts für angewandte Radioaktivität Leipzig (1956–1970), des Instituts für angewandte Isotopenforschung Berlin-Buch (1961–1970) und weiterer Einrichtungen gebildet.

Der Direktor des Instituts war von 1969 bis 1989 Klaus Wetzel. Nach dem politischen Umbruch in der DDR übernahm Frieder Bigl die Leitung des Instituts bis zu dessen Auflösung am 31. Dezember 1991. Nachfolgeeinrichtungen sind unter anderem das Leibniz-Institut für Oberflächenmodifizierung und das Helmholtz-Zentrum für Umweltforschung – UFZ.

Forschungsschwerpunkte
 Forschungen auf dem Gebiet radioaktiver und stabiler Isotope
 Massentrennung (Erzeugung von Isotopen)
 Untersuchung der Verteilung von Isotopen
 Nutzung der Isotope für Forschung und Industrie
 Forschungen unter Anwendung ionisierender Strahlung
 Untersuchung von ionisierender Strahlung und deren Wechselwirkung mit Materie
 Entwicklung von Strahlenquellen und -detektoren
 Anwendung von ionisierender Strahlung in Forschung und Industrie
 Forschungen unter Anwendung von Teilchenstrahlen
 Untersuchung der Wechselwirkung von Elektronen- und Ionenstrahlen mit Festkörpern
 Entwicklung von Strahlenquellen und -detektoren
 Anwendung in Forschung und Industrie

Struktur (Stand 1989)
 Direktor, 1. und 2. Stellvertreter
 Gewerkschaftsleitung
 Bereiche
 Isotopenanwendung
 Strahlenforschung
 Tracerforschung
 Isotopenforschung
 Informations- und Rechenzentrum
 Strahlenquellen- und Nuklearpharmaka
 Hauptabteilungen
 Wissenschaftlicher Gerätebau
 Isotopenproduktion
 Gerätetechnik
 Funktionalorgane
 Wissenschaftliches Sekretariat
 Patentabteilung
 Personalbüro
 Internationale Zusammenarbeit
 Justitiar
 Hauptstrahlenschutzbeauftragter
 Sicherheitsinspektor
 Ökonomie und technische Versorgung

Literatur
 UFZ-Umweltforschungszentrum Leipzig-Halle (Hrsg.): Leipzig Permoserstraße. Zur Geschichte eines Industrie- und Wissenschaftsstandortes. Passage-Verlag Leipzig 2001, ISBN 3-932900-61-8
 K. Wetzel, 15 Jahre Zentralinstitut für Isotopen- und Strahlenforschung der AdW der DDR, Isotopenpraxis Isotopes in Environmental and Health Studies, 20:10, 365–372, doi:10.1080/10256018408623380
 K. Wetzel & H. Hübner, 20 Years Central Institute of Isotope and Radiation Research – A Review of the last 5 Years, Isotopenpraxis, 25:10, 421–433, doi:10.1080/10256018908624174

Naturwissenschaftliches Forschungsinstitut
Forschungseinrichtung in Leipzig


text:
Mike Simpson (né le ) à Beverley en Angleterre est un pilote de course automobile anglais qui participe, aux mains de Sport-prototype et des voitures de Grand tourisme, dans des championnats tels que le Championnat du monde d'endurance et l'Asian Le Mans Series.

Carrière

Palmarès

Résultats aux 24 Heures du Mans

Résultats en Championnat du monde d'endurance

Résultats en European Le Mans Series

Résultats en Asian Le Mans Series

Notes et références

Liens externes

  Michael Simpson sur driverdb.com
  Michael Simpson sur driverdb.com
  Michael Simpson sur motorsportmagazine.com
  Michael Simpson sur racingsportscars.com

Naissance en septembre 1983
Pilote automobile anglais
Pilote des 24 Heures du Mans
Pilote du Championnat du monde d'endurance
Pilote des European Le Mans Series
Pilote des Asian Le Mans Series


text:
Acraea bonasia är en fjärilsart som beskrevs av Fabricius 1775. Acraea bonasia ingår i släktet Acraea och familjen praktfjärilar. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.

Bildgalleri

Källor

Externa länkar

Praktfjärilar
bonasia


text:
Die Herren von Benditt (auch Bendit, Benedict, Benedicten o. ä.) waren ein westfälisches Adelsgeschlecht.

Geschichte

Das Geschlecht gehörte zu den Erbsälzern, dem Patriziat der Stadt Werl. Die Benditt wurden bereits 1525 und 1627 unter den Erbsälzern erwähnt. Den Adelsstand erreichten sie jedoch erst Anfang des 18. Jahrhunderts. Am  15. April 1708 wurden sie von Kaiser Joseph I. in den erblichen Reichsadelsstand erhoben.

Als Familienmitglieder erscheinen u. a.:
 1457: Lefart Benditt, Bürger zu Werl, wurde vom Erzbischof von Köln mit dem Hof Westrich bei Werl belehnt
 1472: Hermann Benditt, Priester
 1472: Evert Benditt, Sohn von Evert

Das Geschlecht erlosch 1789.

Wappen
In Blau ein goldener Balken darauf drei schwarzen Salzpfannen, darunter eine goldene Rose. Auf dem gold-blau gewulsteten Helm ein offener blauer Flug, jeder Flügel mit dem goldenen Querbalken belegt, auf dem eine schwarze Salzpfanne. Zwischen den Flügeln schwebt eine goldene Rose. Die Helmdecken sind blau-gold.

Ledebur beschreibt abweichend einen silbernen Balken und eine rote Rose.

Literatur
 Anton Fahne: Geschichte der westphälischen Geschlechter, 1858, S. 419. (Digitalisat).
 Ernst Heinrich Kneschke: Neues allgemeines deutsches Adels-Lexicon. Band 1, Friedrich Voigt's Buchhandlung, Leipzig 1859, S. 300 (Digitalisat der ULB Düsseldorf).
 Leopold von Ledebur: Adelslexicon der Preußischen Monarchie. Band 1: A–K, Berlin 1855, S. 47 (Digitalisat).
 Max von Spießen: Wappenbuch des Westfälischen Adels, Band 1, Görlitz 1901–1903, S. 9 f. (Digitalisat); Band 2, Görlitz 1903, Tafel 22 (Digitalisat).

Einzelnachweise

Deutsches Adelsgeschlecht
Westfälisches Adelsgeschlecht


text:
Events from the year 1545 in art.

Events

Works

Paintings
Bronzino
Eleanor of Toledo with her son Giovanni de' Medici
Portrait of Cosimo I de' Medici
Portrait of Giovanni de' Medici as a Child
Venus, Cupid, Folly and Time
Lucas Cranach the Younger – The Conversion of St. Paul
Gerlach Flicke – Thomas Cranmer
 Master John – Catherine Parr (approximate date)
Michelangelo – The Conversion of Saul
Francesco de' Rossi (Il Salviati) – Triumph of Camillus (fresco for Cosimo I de' Medici in Sala dell'Udienza, Palazzo Vecchio, Florence (completed))
Titian – some dates approximate
Portrait of a Young Englishman
Portrait of Lavinia Vecellio
Portrait of Pietro Aretino
Portrait of Pope Paul III
Daniele da Volterra (after drawings by Michelangelo) – Descent from the Cross (approximate date)

Sculpture
 (approx. date) – Hans Gieng of Fribourg completes work on the fountains of Bern in Switzerland.

Births
date unknown
Farrukh Beg, Mughal painter who served in the court of Muhammad Hakim (died 1615)
Francesco da Urbino, Italian painter (died 1582)
Hans Collaert, Flemish engraver and draughtsman (died 1628)
Frans Pourbus the Elder, Flemish Renaissance painter primarily of religious and portraits (died 1581)
William Rogers, English engraver (died 1604)
Marco Vecellio, Italian painter, nephew of Titian (died 1611)
Juan Zariñena, Spanish painter (died 1634)

Deaths
September - Hans Baldung, German Renaissance artist as painter and printmaker in woodcut (born 1484)
date unknown
Alejo Fernandez, Spanish painter best known for his portrait of Christopher Columbus (born 1475)
Rueland Frueauf the Younger - German Late-Gothic painter (born 1470)
Albrecht Glockendon the Younger, German miniaturist and woodcutter (born 1500)
Vicente Juan Masip - Spanish painter of the Renaissance period (born 1475)
Wang E, Chinese landscape painter (born 1465)

Years of the 16th century in art


text:
Энциклопедия Кванмён  — 20-томная энциклопедия, выпущенная издательством «Наука и энциклопедия» в 2012 году по случаю столетия Ким Ир Сена. Энциклопедия содержит 58 000 статей и 9000 иллюстраций.

Описание
Энциклопедия «Кванмён», как и «Большая энциклопедия Кореи» в 30 томах, изданная раньше, содержит статьи по политике, экономике, науке, культуре и всем другим отраслям, прославляя в них заслуги Ким Ир Сена и деятельность ТПК.

На классификацию и систематизацию накопленных знаний всех отраслей, подготовку фотографий, иллюстраций, карт, потребовалось много специалистов и времени. Также впервые была составлена новая структура словаря. При работе над энциклопедией были созданы специальные секции по отраслям знаний и подборке авторов. Также при сборке материалов поддерживалась активная связь с учреждениями определённой отрасли, а также было уделено внимание по переводу иностранной литературы.

Энциклопедия «Кванмён» отличается по структуре от обычных универсальных энциклопедий с алфавитной структурой тем, что каждый из 20 томов представляет собой энциклопедический словарь по отраслям. Каждый том содержит материалы, изложенные по разделам, главам и частям. Статьи расположены систематически по научно-логическому и историко-хронологическому порядку.

Тома энциклопедии имеют фотографии Ким Ир Сена, Ким Чен Ира и Ким Чен Сук, статьи по истории развития разного рода отраслей и участии в нём ТПК, а также содержат знания и понятия о природе и обществе.

Тома
Энциклопедия «Кванмён» ориентирована на широкую аудиторию: статьи изложены доступным языком и иллюстрированы. Обеспечены логические связи между темами и последовательность изложения содержания. В конце каждого тома находится предметный указатель.

 조선의 역사 («История Кореи»)
 세계의 역사 («История мира»)
 정치.법 («Политика, закон»)
 철학 («Философия»)
 경제 («Экономика»)
 문학예술 («Литература и искусство»)
 교육.어학.출판보도 («Просвещение, лингвистика и печать»)
 조선의 지리 («География Кореи»)
 세계의 지리 («География мира»)
 수학 («Математика»)
 물리학 («Физика»)
 화학 («Химия»)
 생명과학 («Витально-биологическая наука»)
 천문.지구환경 («Астрономия, Земля»)
 정보.조종.나노기술 («Информация, управление и нанотехнология»)
 채굴.금속.기계.전기.전자공업 («Добывающая промышленность, металлургия, машиностроение, электроэнергетика, электроника»)
 화학공업.경공업.건설.운수.체신 («Химическая промышленность, легкая промышленность, строительство, транспорт, связь»)
 농업.산림업.수산업 («Сельское хозяйство, лесная и рыбная промышленность»)
 인체.보건 («Человеческое тело, здравоохранение»)
 체육 («Спорт»)

Структура
 В томах «История Кореи» , «Политика, закон» , «Философия»  и «Экономика»  собраны материалы о биографии Ким Ир Сена, его сторонников и близких, а также о революционной истории и традициях ТПК, о её линии и политике, о мероприятиях правительства КНДР на каждом этапе революции, о достижениях и опыте в проведении их в жизнь. Также в этих томах подверглись систематизации и обобщению идеи чучхе, идеи сонгун и сонгунская революционная линия ТПК, её стратегическая линия и вопросы строительства социалистической экономики.
 В томах «Литература и искусство» , «Просвещение, лингвистика и печать»  изложены идеи и теории партии в данных отраслях, успехи в области культурного строительства и мировые данные в этих областях.
 В томах «География Кореи» , «География мира» , «Астрономия, Земля»  и «История мира»  изложены география, природа, история и культура Кореи и разных стран мира, содержатся общие сводные знания о Земле и космосе.
 В томах «Математика» , «Физика» , «Химия» , «Витально-биологическая наука» и «Информация, управление и нанотехнология»  изложены фундаментальные понятия, принципы, главное содержание естественных наук, соответствующей каждой области знаний, отражены теоретические и прикладно-практические вопросы, новейшие достижения в современной науке и технике.
 В томах «Человеческое тело, здравоохранение»  и «Спорт»  обобщены и систематизированы основные знания о физиологической структуре человеческого тела, роли и функции органов и систем, изложены обширные знания о спортивных соревнованиях и видах спорта.
 В томах «Добывающая промышленность, металлургия, машиностроение, электроэнергетика, электроника» , «Химическая промышленность, легкая промышленность, строительство, транспорт, связь»  и «Сельское хозяйство, лесная и рыбная промышленность»  систематически изложены идеи и курс Ким Ир Сена и Ким Чен Ира и результаты, достигнутые под руководством ТПК. Отражены технические процессы производства, основанные на новейших достижениях техники, структура, принцип действия и технологические особенности машинного оборудования, прикладно-практические вопросы и мировые тенденции развития в этих областях.

Ссылки
 Официальная информация по энциклопедии «КВАНМЁН»

Примечания

Энциклопедии
Образование в КНДР
Универсальные энциклопедии
Энциклопедии на корейском языке
Энциклопедии КНДР
Энциклопедии Кореи


text:
Holy Family Hospital, Rawalpindi is a largest healthcare hospital in Rawalpindi, Pakistan. It is the 864-bed hospital and has 12 operational departments.

The hospital is affiliated with Rawalpindi Medical University.

History
The Christian Mission of Philadelphia started the hospital in 1927 in an old structure near Liaquat Bagh on Murree Road, and it moved to its current location in Satellite Town in 1946.

In 1945, following World War II, an Italian architect and war prisoner created the Holy Family Hospital (HFH) for Christian missionaries to serve the local people. The hospital was reestablished in 1948 after the partition of India. Initially, it was housed in St Mary's Cambridge Higher Secondary School building.

In 1977, Government of Punjab, Pakistan was given control of the hospital.

References

Hospitals in Rawalpindi
1948 establishments in Pakistan
Hospitals established in 1948
Christian hospitals


text:
Hladnjak na Bikavcu se nalazi u istočnom dijelu grada Višegrada u Republici Srpskoj, BiH.  Nastao je na brdu Bikavac za vrijeme austrougarske vladavine. Podignut je kao mesto za odmor, predah i zaštitu od sunca.

Nastanak
Austrijska vojska je po dolasku u Višegrad izgradila uskotračnu prugu, bolnicu, kasarnu i velelepni hladnjak. Služio im je za odmaranje i uživanje u pogledu na dvije rijeke Drinu i Rzav, koje su nedaleko odatle na ušću postajale jedna.

Tačno vrijeme izgradnje nije poznato. Kao dokaz njegove starosti je čuvena fotografija Višegrada, koju je fotografisao austrougarski fotograf juna 1905. godine. Na njoj je predstavljena panorama tadašnjeg Višegrada, baš onakva kako ju je i Ivo Andrić opisao u pripovjeci "Rzavski bregovi" :Bikavac se sasvim promijenio: posjekoše nekada čuvene orahe, izbrazdaše brijeg puteljcima, posadiše bagremove, digoše terase i hladnjake i sve je bilo pod konac. U neposrednoj blizini ispod hladnjaka se nalazi tunel kroz koji je prolazila uskotračna pruga.

Turizam
Poslije Drugog svjetskog rata na Bikavcu u neposrednoj blizini hladnjaka izgrađeni su hotel i bungalovi, za potrebe turizma Višegrada. Najpopularnije mjesto odmora bilo je hlad hladnjaka. Kao nezaobilazna destinacija romantičnih putovanja, ekskurzija, kutak za zaljubljene. Najveći dokaz toga je nastanak pjesme "U lijepom starom gradu Višegradu", koju je napisao Kragujevčanin Dragiša Nedović, sredinom pedesetih godina dvadesetog vijeka. Bio je inspirisan ljubavlju na ovom, njemu, kao i mnogim drugim, dragom mjestu, punom sjećanja i uspomena.

Tokom zadnjih ratnih dešavanja, hotel Bikavac, bungalovi kao i hladnjak su devastirani. Opština Višegrad je 2014. godine obnovila hladnjak, te se i on uvrstio u program "Višegradskih staza", kulturne manifestacije, kao otvorena scena za ljubitelje pjesme i pisane riječi.

Time je i omogućen povratak hladnjaka u nezaobilaznu turističku destinaciju grada Višegrada.

Vidi još
 Turistička organizacija Višegrad

Izvori

Spoljašnje veze
 Klix/Tunel na Bikavcu svjedoči o historiji Višegrada, pijanim svatovima, regrutima, utvarama...
 058 ba/Ljepota rzavskih bregova

Туризам Републике Српске
Општина Вишеград


text:
Fusiplata sharmai är en insektsart som beskrevs av Irena Dworakowska 1993. Fusiplata sharmai ingår i släktet Fusiplata och familjen dvärgstritar. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.

Källor

Dvärgstritar
sharmai


text:
A gazetted officer is a police officer in the Sri Lanka Police Service whose name is published in the Police Gazette of Sri Lanka. They are equal to commissioned officers.

Gazetted  officers

gazetted  officers
Inspector General of Police (IGP)
Senior Deputy Inspector General of Police (SDIG)
Deputy Inspector General of Police (DIG)
Senior Superintendent of Police (SSP)
Superintendent of Police (SP)
Assistant Superintendent of Police (ASP)
Chief Inspector of Police (CI)
Inspector of Police (IP)
Sub Inspector of Police (SI)

External links and references
Issuing of Clearance Certificates

Police ranks of Sri Lanka


text:
Greatest Hits is a compilation album by the English synth-pop band The Human League, released on 31 October 1988 by Virgin Records. It contains 13 singles released by the band, spanning from their debut single (1978's "Being Boiled") to their most recent album at the time (1986's Crash), as well as lead singer Philip Oakey's collaboration with Giorgio Moroder, "Together in Electric Dreams". The album reached No. 3 in the UK.

On 30 October 1995, to cash in on the band's renewed success at that time, Virgin repackaged the album with a new cover and added newer tracks: "Tell Me When" (from the Octopus album) and a new remix of "Don't You Want Me" by German group Snap!. Additionally, a brand-new track, "Stay with Me Tonight", was included which the band had recorded under their new recording contract with EastWest Records. This would later be released as a single.

Track listing
(Virgin HLCD1 - 259 355-222)
 "Mirror Man" (Burden, Callis, Oakey) – 3:49 from Fascination!
 "(Keep Feeling) Fascination" (Callis, Oakey) – 3:43 from Fascination!
 "The Sound of the Crowd" (Burden, Oakey) – 3:56 from Dare
 "The Lebanon" (Callis, Oakey) – 3:43 from Hysteria
 "Human" (Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis) – 3:46 from Crash
 "Together in Electric Dreams" (Moroder, Oakey) – 3:53 from Philip Oakey & Giorgio Moroder and Electric Dreams
 "Don't You Want Me" (Callis, Oakey, Wright) – 3:57 from Dare
 "Being Boiled" (Marsh, Oakey, Ware) – 3:38 Non-album single
 "Love Action (I Believe in Love)" (Burden, Oakey) – 3:50 from Dare
 "Louise" (Callis, Oakey, Wright) – 4:55 from Hysteria
 "Open Your Heart" (Callis, Oakey) – 3:55 from Dare
 "Love Is All That Matters" (Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis) – 4:06 from Crash
 "Life on Your Own" (Callis, Oakey, Wright) – 4:05 from Hysteria

 Note: Track 8 is the original version of "Being Boiled" and was released on the Fast Product Label.
 Note: The Chilean cassette release (EMI Odeón Chilena - Virgin 105575), and the North American CD release (A&M Records - 7502152272) dropped the track "Together in Electric Dreams".

1995 reissue
(Virgin CDV 2792 - 724384094621)
 "Don't You Want Me" (Callis, Oakey, Wright) (1981) – 3:59 from Dare
 "Love Action (I Believe in Love)" (Burden, Oakey) (1981) – 3:52 from Dare
 "Mirror Man" (Burden, Callis, Oakey) (1982) – 3:52 from Fascination!
 "Tell Me When" (Beckett, Oakey) (1994) - 4:43 from Octopus
 "Stay with Me Tonight" (Oakey, Stanley) (1995) - 4:01 Previously unreleased
 "Open Your Heart" (Callis, Oakey) (1981) – 3:56 from Dare
 "(Keep Feeling) Fascination" (Callis, Oakey) (1983) – 3:45 from Fascination!
 "The Sound of the Crowd" (Burden, Oakey) (1981) – 3:57 from Dare
 "Being Boiled" (Marsh, Oakey, Ware) (1978) – 3:39 Non-album single
 "The Lebanon" (Callis, Oakey) (1984) – 3:43 from Hysteria
 "Love Is All That Matters" (Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis) (1987) – 4:06 from Crash
 "Louise" (Callis, Oakey, Wright) (1984) – 4:57 from Hysteria
 "Life on Your Own" (Callis, Oakey, Wright) (1984) – 4:05 from Hysteria
 "Together In Electric Dreams" (Moroder, Oakey) (1984) – 3:53 from Philip Oakey & Giorgio Moroder and Electric Dreams
 "Human" (Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis) (1986) – 3:49 from Crash
 "Don't You Want Me" (Snap 7″ Remix) (1995) - 3:58 Previously unreleased

Charts

Weekly charts

Year-end charts

Certifications

Video release

To accompany both the original and repackaged versions of the album Virgin also released a VHS video tape compilation featuring the music videos of the tracks on each album.

References

External links
 Reviews for Greatest Hits

1988 greatest hits albums
1995 greatest hits albums
The Human League albums
Virgin Records compilation albums


text:
The barbel steed (Hemibarbus labeo) is a species of small freshwater fish in the family Cyprinidae. It is found throughout the Amur basin in eastern Asia to northern Vietnam, Japan and islands of Hainan and Taiwan.

References

Hemibarbus
Fish described in 1776


text:
Јоксимовић може бити:
 Јоксимовић (презиме), о презимену
 Божидар Јоксимовић, композитор
 Хранислав Јоксимовић, лекар
 Жељко Јоксимовић, композитор и пјевач
 Вучко Јоксимовић, Свети сурдулички мученик
 Небојша Јоксимовић, кошаркаш
 Петар Јоксимовић (устаник),
 Петар Јоксимовић, фудбалер
 Петар М. Јоксимовић, сликар
 Саво Јоксимовић, генерал
 Зоран Јоксимовић, књижевник, историчар
 Миодраг Јоксимовић, грађевински инжењер
 Јоксимовић (окно), излазно окно "Сењског рудника"


text:
Demanietta merguensis is een krabbensoort uit de familie van de Potamidae. De wetenschappelijke naam van de soort is voor het eerst geldig gepubliceerd in 1966 door Bott.

Potamidae
IUCN-status onzeker


text:
Deze lijst van voetbalinterlands is een overzicht van alle officiële voetbalwedstrijden tussen de nationale teams van Nigeria en Zuid-Korea. De landen speelden tot op heden vijf keer tegen elkaar. De eerste ontmoeting, een vriendschappelijke wedstrijd, werd gespeeld in Seoul op 8 juni 1983. Het laatste duel, eveneens een vriendschappelijke wedstrijd, werd gespeeld op 11 augustus 2010 in Suwon.

Wedstrijden

Samenvatting

Details

Tweede ontmoeting

Vierde ontmoeting

Zuid-Korea
Nigeria


text:
Headquarters is the title of a studio album by the music group Monkey House, released in May 2012, on the Alma Records label, which is affiliated with the Universal Music Group. It was mainly recorded at the Drive Shed in Toronto. It was produced and arranged by Don Breithaupt, and the engineer was John 'Beetle' Bailey. Breithaupt is the founder and leader of Monkey House, who have been recording since 1992. Their previous two albums were Welcome to the Club (1992), and True Winter (1998). In 2005, they released Big Money, a collection of singles, remasters, and rarities. Stylistically, the Headquarters album shows it to be influenced by the music of Steely Dan, with arranged horns and background vocals throughout. Breithaupt says the tunes are "pop songs with too many chords!" Also, some guitar work comes from guest artists Drew Zingg (who is best known for his work with Boz Scaggs and Steely Dan), as well as from Kim Mitchell and Rik Emmett (founder of the band Triumph). Also making contributions on this album are Steely Dan trumpet player and musical director Michael Leonhart, with Julie Crochetière and David Blamires adding backup vocals. Headquarters has generated increasing attention and multi-genre airplay for Monkey House, with a growing international audience.

Track listing
All songs written by Don Breithaupt, except where noted.

Personnel
Monkey House
Don Breithaupt – lead vocals, keyboards, backup vocals, percussion (tracks 9,10,12), arranger, & producer.
Mark Kelso – drums
Pat Kilbride - bass

Additional personnel
Justin Abedin – guitar (tracks 3,4,5,7)
Mike Francis - guitar (tracks 1,2,8,10,11,12,13)
Tony Zorzi - guitar (tracks 6,9)
Anthony Vanderburgh - guitar and solo (track 13)
Drew Zingg - solo guitar (track 2)
Rik Emmett - solo guitar (track 8)
Kim Mitchell - solo guitar (track 12)
Michael Leonhart - solo trumpet (track 3)
Art Avalos – percussion (tracks 1,3,4,5,7,8,12,14)
Mat Pataki – percussion (track 13)
Julie Crochetière – backup vocals (tracks 1,3,5,14)
David Blamires – backup vocals (track 11)
Rikki Rumball - backup vocals (tracks 4,6,14)
Jennie Laws - scat vocals (track 9)
Perry White – tenor sax (solo track 1), soprano sax (solo track 6)
John Johnson – tenor sax (tracks 1,2,6,7,8,9,10,12,13,14)
Colleen Allen - tenor sax (track 9)
Andy Ballantyne - alto sax (tracks 1,2,6,7,8,9,10,12,13,14)
Verne Dorge – baritone sax (tracks 1,2,6,7,8,9,10,12,13,14)
William Sperandei – trumpet (track 3),(solo on tracks 5,11)
Dave Dunlop - trumpet (tracks 1,2,6,7,8,9,10,12,13,14)
Tony Carlucci - trumpet (track 13)
Gord Myers - trombone (tracks 1,2,6,7,8,9,10,12,13,14)
Doug Gibson - trombone (tracks 9,10,12), trombone & bass trombone (tracks 1,2,6,7,8,13,14), bass trombone (track 5)
Mark Mosca - steel pans (tracks 7,14)
Sheldon Moore - turntables (tracks 3,5)

References

2012 albums


text:
World's Scariest Police Chases is an action driving video game developed by Swedish company Unique Development Studios (sv) and published by Activision for the PlayStation in June 2001. It is a video game adaptation of a television show of the same name but later renamed to World's Wildest Police Videos.

Reception

The game received "mixed" reviews according to the review aggregation website Metacritic. Daniel Erickson of NextGen, however, said, "Never has a television show been translated so perfectly into a videogame – exciting, over-the-top, and just a little on the silly side."

References

External links

2001 video games
Activision games
Organized crime video games
PlayStation (console) games
PlayStation (console)-only games
Racing video games
Unique Development Studios games
Video games about police officers
Video games based on television series
Video games developed in Sweden
Video games set in the United States


text:
Bacillus-Virus Phi29 (wissenschaftlich Bacillus virus phi29, veraltet Bacillus phage phi29, Φ29) ist eine Spezies von Viren in der Gattung Salasvirus (früher Phi29virus) in der Unterfamilie Picovirinae.
Diese gehört seit 2021 zur neu eingerichteten Familie Salasmaviridae der Klasse Caudoviricetes (früher zur Familie Podoviridae der Ordnung Caudovirales).

Das Genom von Bacillus-Virus Phi29 besteht aus doppelsträngiger DNA (dsDNA). Das DNA-Molekül liegt in linearer Form vor, ist also nicht kreisförmig geschlossen.

Die natürlichen Wirte sind Bakterien der Gattung Bacillus (Bazillen), daher werden diese Viren als Bakteriophagen (oder kurz Phagen) klassifiziert.

Zur selben Spezies gehört neben dem Referenzstamm Bacillus phage phi-29 auch der Bacillus phage phi-15,
zur selben Gattung gehört auch die Spezies Bacillus-Virus PZA und die Kandidaten Bacillus phage BS32, Bacillus phage M2 und Bacillus phage M2Y.
Zur Schwestergattung Beecentumtrevirus gehören die Spezies Bacillus-Virus B103 und Bacillus-Phage Nf. Etwas entfernter verwandt ist die Spezies Bacillus-Virus GA1 (Unterfamilie Tatarstanvirinae).
Die Φ29-Phagen sind die kleinsten bisher isolierten Bacillus-Phagen und gehören zu den kleinsten bekannten dsDNA-Phagen.

Aufbau

Die Virionen (Virusteilchen) von Φ29 haben eine Kopf-Schwanz-Struktur mit einem ikosaedrischen "Kopf" und einem kurzen "Schwanz", durch den nach der Infektion das viruseigene Erbmaterial (die lineare dsDNA) ins Zellinnere des Wirtsbakteriums gelangt.
Der Kopf (Kapsid) hat eine leicht längliche Form von 45 × 54 nm, er hat eine Symmetrie mit Triangulationszahl T=3, Q=5.
Der Schwanz ist nicht kontraktil mit einem "Kragen" aus 25 Anhängseln in der Nackenregion. Am Kopf befinden sich 25 Fibrillen, die aber in manchen Laborstämmen verloren gegangen sind. Diese Strukturen dienen dazu, die Wirtszelle zuerkennen und sich an ihr anzuheften.

Genom
Das Genom besteht wie allgemein in der Gattung Salsavirus aus einem einzigen linearen Stück (Segment) doppelsträngiger DNA mit einer Länge von 16 bis 20 kbp und kodiert etwa 20 bis 30 Gene.

Vermehrungszyklus
Der folgende Ablauf folgt im Wesentlichen der Beschreibung auf ViralZone:
 Zunächst lagert such der Phage mit Hilfe der Schwanzfibrillen an das Wirtsbakterium an.
 Danach wird die viruseigene DNA durch den Schwanz in das Zellplasma der Wirtszelle injiziert.
 Anschließend erfolgt Transkription (Ablesen der DNA und Erzeugen einer Messenger-RNA – mRNA) und Translation (Erzeugen eines Proteins aus der mRNA) einiger "früher" Gene des Virus.
 Es folgt die Replikation des DNA-Genoms per Strangversetzung () durch die virale DNA-Polymerase (φ29-DNA-Polymerase).
 Die Transkription und Translation von "späten" Genen steht in der Schlussphase der Genexpression.
 In der darauf folgenden Assemblierungsphase werden zunächst die "Procapside" zusammengesetzt. Dies sind die noch leeren, nicht mit Nukleinsäure – DNA oder RNA – bzw. Nukleoprotein gefüllten Kapside der
 Das Genom wird verpackt (), Details dazu siehe unten.
 Das Anheften des Schwanzes an die Kapside schließt die Assemblierung ab.
 Die reifen Virionen werden schließlich per Lyse (Platzen und Tod der Wirtszelle) freigesetzt.

Systematik
Einige früher für Phi29likevirus, d. h. Salasvirus, vorgeschlagene Vertreter finden sich inzwischen in anderen Gattungen (verbliebene Vorschläge in Anführungszeichen):

Äußere Systematik
Ordnung: Caudoviricetes, Morphotyp: Podoviren
 Familie Salasmaviridae
 Unterfamilie Picovirinae
 Gattung Salasvirus (veraltet Phi29virus, Phi29likevirus, )
 Spezies Bacillus-Virus phi29 (wissenschaftlich Salasvirus phi29, Φ29), Stämme siehe unten
 Spezies Bacillus-Virus Gxv1 (wiss. Salasvirus Gxv1, Gxv1)
 Spezies Bacillus-Birus vB_BveP-Goe6 (wiss. Salasvirus Goe6)
 Spezies "Bacillus-Phage BS32" (BS32)
 Spezies "Bacillus-Phage M2" (M2)
 Spezies "Bacillus-Phage M2Y" (M2Y)

 Gattung Beecentumtrevirus
 Spezies Bacillus-Virus B103 (wiss. Beecentumtrevirus B103, B103) mit den Stämmen  (Nf) und
 Spezies "Bacillus-Phage SF5" (SF5)

 Unterfamilie Tatarstanvirinae
 Gattung Gaunavirus
 Spezies Bacillus-Virus GA1 (wiss. Gaunavirus GA1, GA-1) mit Bacillus-Phage GA1 (GA1)
 Spezies Bacillus-Virus SRT01hs (wiss. Gaunavirus SRT01hs)
 Gattung Karezivirus
 Spezies Bacillus-Virus Karezi (wiss. Karezivirus karezi)

Die Spezies Kurthia-Virus 6 (en. ) der Gattung Salasvirus wurde vom ICTV gestrichen, da ohne Beleg.

Synonyme
Inoffizielle Synonyme für die Spezies sind nach NCBI:
 Bacillus phage phi-29
 Bacillus phage phi29
 Bacillus subtilis phage phi29
 Bacteriophage phi-29
 Phage phi-29

Stämme
Stämme der Spezies Φ29 sind nach NCBI:
 Bacillus phage phi29
 Bacillus phage PZA (PZA)
 Phage phi-15 (Φ15)
 Bacillus phage BSTP4

Bakteriophagen-pRNA
Während der Replikation wird wie bei anderen linearen dsDNA-Viren das virale Genom in das zuvor gebildete virale Procapsid verpackt. Die genauen Vorgänge wurden beispielhaft am Phagen Φ29 erforscht:

Die Verpackung von DNA in das Procapsid erfordert einen molekularen Motor, der Adenosintriphosphat (ATP) als Energie verwendet, um die eigentlich energetisch ungünstige Bewegung zu bewerkstelligen.
Wie bei einigen anderen Bakteriophagen auch ist ein wesentlicher Bestandteil dieses Motors ein RNA-Molekül, das als pRNA () bezeichnet wird. Es handelt sich dabei um eine spezielle Form nicht-kodierender RNA (, ncRNA), da diese nicht wie sonst Proteine kodiert.
Strukturanalysen dieses Verpackungsmotors haben gezeigt, dass das pRNA-Molekül eine fünffache Symmetrie aufweist, wenn es an das Procapsid gebunden ist.
Es wird angenommen, dass die pRNA durch das Kapsid-Konnektor-Protein () gebunden ist.

Nur die ersten 120 Basen der pRNA sind für die Verpackung der viralen DNA essentiell.
Vermutlich besteht die pRNA aus zwei Abschnitten (Domänen), von denen der eine den ersten 120 Basen und der zweite den verbleibenden 50 Basen entspricht.

Verwendung
Die φ29-DNA-Polymerase wird zu verschiedenen Methoden der isothermen DNA-Amplifikation wie dem Gibson Assembly und der Multidisplacement Amplification verwendet.

Einzelnachweise

Modellorganismus
Bakteriophage
Virusspezies


text:
Пярну-Ягупиский район — административно-территориальная единица в составе Эстонской ССР, существовавшая в 1950—1959 годах. Центр — Пярну-Яагупи. Площадь района в 1955 году составляла 958,4 км².

История
Пярну-Ягупиский район был образован в 1950 году, когда уездное деление в Эстонской ССР было заменено районным. В 1952 году район был включён в состав Пярнуской области, но уже в апреле 1953 года в результате упразднения областей в Эстонской ССР район был возвращён в республиканское подчинение.

В 1959 году Пярну-Ягупиский район был упразднён.

Административное деление
В 1955 году район включал 1 посёлок городского типа (Пярну-Ягупи) и 5 сельсоветов: Ареский, Велисеский, Вигалаский, Киви-Вигалаский, Халинганский.

Примечания

Районы Эстонской ССР


text:
Alter do Chão es una freguesia portuguesa del concelho de Alter do Chão, con 140,67 km² de superficie y 2.556 habitantes (2001). Su densidad de población es de 18,2 hab/km².

Galería

Enlaces externos

 Alter do Chão en freguesiasdeportugal.com (en portugués)
 Portal del distrito de Portalegre (en portugués)

Freguesias de Alter do Chão


text:
Jubilee Records was een Amerikaans platenlabel gespecialiseerd in rhythm and blues en andere opkomende genres. Het platenlabel werd in 1946 opgericht in New York door Herb Abramson en Jerry Blaine. Jerry Blaine heeft later Abramson uit het platenlabel gekocht. Het platenlabel was de eerste in zijn soort dat de blanke markt bereikte met muziek van Afro-Amerikaanse vocalisten.

De grootste hit voor het platenlabel was "Crying In The Chapel" door The Orioles. In 1954 werd Josie Records opgericht een onderverdeling van Jubilee Records. Josie Records (1954-1971) bracht in totaal 271 singles uit. Het label bracht up-tempomuziek uit (rock-'n-roll) met hits als "Do you want to dance" door Bobby Freeman.
In 1970 werden zowel Jubilee als Josie Records overgenomen door Roulette Records.

Amerikaans platenlabel
Rhythm-and-blues-platenlabel


text:
Chiles uafhængighedserklæring er et dokument, der proklamerer uafhængighed for Chile fra det Spanske imperium. Det første udkast blev skrevet i januar 1818, og den endelige udgave blev godkendt af den øverste diktator, Bernardo O'Higgins 12. februar samme år i Talca. Dette er tilfældet, skønt det af dokumentet selv fremgår, at det er godkendt 1. januar 1818 i Concepción. Uafhængighedsceremonien fandt sted 12. februar, som var 1-årsdagen for slaget ved Chacabuco.

Det originale dokument, som indeholdt kommentarer af O'Higgins, blev beskadiget i Palacio de la Real Audiencia de Santiago. I 1832 blev der under præsident José Joaquín Prieto sendt en ny kopi af erklæringen til O'Higgins, der nu opholdt sig i Peru, og O'Higgins underskrev denne kopi, der ligeledes senere blev underskrevet af tre af O'Higgins' ministre, Miguel Zañartu, Hipólito Villegas og José Ignacio Zenteno, der fortsat opholdt sig i Chile. Denne kopi blev opbevaret i Palacio de La Moneda i Santiago indtil 1973, hvor det under militærkuppet i 1973 blev ødelagt under kampene.

Referencer

Chiles historie


text:
Pir Mohammad (ur. około 1374, zm. w 1407) – wnuk Timura, wyznaczony przez niego na jego następcę.

Był on synem Dżahangira, najstarszego i ulubionego syna Timura, który zmarł w roku 1376 lub 1377. W r. 1391/1392 Pir Mohammad otrzymał namiestnictwo Kabulu, a w roku 1398 prowadził awangardę armii Timura maszerującej na Indie, która zdobyła Multan. Po kampanii indyjskiej terytorium zarządzane przez Pir Mohammada poszerzyło się o nowe nabytki jego dziada na subkontynencie. Przed swoją śmiercią Timur wyznaczył go na swojego następcę, jednak zanim Pir Mohammad ze swojej oddalonej od centrum państwa prowincji dotarł do Samarkandy zajął ją Chalil Soltan (1405-1409), inny wnuk Timura, który przekonał do siebie dużą część armii zimującej w Taszkencie. Pir Mohammad mógł przeprowadzić atak na Chalil Soltana jedynie z terytorium swojego wuja, Szahrocha (1405-1447), który rządził znaczną częścią wschodniego Iranu z Heratu. Pod koniec 1405 roku Pir Mohammad przybył do Balchu i zażądał pomocy od Szahrocha, który przysłał mu armię na czele z jego emirem Szahmalikiem i synem Ulugh Begiem. W lutym 1406 roku połączone siły obu wojsk poniosły porażkę w walce z armią Chalil Soltana pod Karszi w dzisiejszym Uzbekistanie. Przyczyną porażki była ucieczka z pola bitwy żołnierzy z plemienia Süldüs, do którego należał najpotężniejszy z emirów Pir Mohammada, Pir Ali Taz Suldus. Po bitwie Pir Mohammadowi udało się jednak na powrót zebrać armię i z inicjatywy Pir Alego zająć fortecę Hesar-e Szadman nad Amu-Darią, będącą siedzibą głównej gałęzi Süldüsów, co można odczytywać jako próbę zdobycia przez Pir Alego dominujących wpływów w swoim plemieniu. Wkrótce udało mu się zgromadzić wokół siebie większość emirów z otoczenia Pir Mohammada i w lutym 1407 r. doprowadzić do jego morderstwa. Pir Mohammad pozostawił po sobie syna, Ghajdu, który później rządził w imieniu Szahrocha w Kabulu, zanim nie zbuntował się i ostatecznie nie został przez niego uwięziony w roku 1418.

Przypisy

Władcy z dynastii Timurydów
Ludzie związani z Kabulem
Urodzeni w 1374
Zmarli w 1407


text:
Adam Warren (1967) é um quadrinista estadunidense que é mais famoso por suas adaptações de Dirty Pair (publicanda no Brasil pela Editora Mythos) e Bubblegum Crisis, e por ser um dos primeiros ilustradores americanos a desenhar usando o estilo mangá.

Ele também contribuiu para vários quadrinhos de Gen¹³, uma versão futura dos Novos Titãs, trabalhou como escritor e character designer da série Livewire da Marvel Comics, seus outros projetos são Empowered (criação própria), capas para os mangás de Star Wars e Iron Man: Hypervelocity.

Ligações externas

Autores de banda desenhada dos Estados Unidos
Ilustradores de banda desenhada
Roteiristas de histórias em quadrinhos dos Estados Unidos


text:
Las lenguas joisanas o khoisánidas (también khoisán, kxoisán o khoesaan) son un grupo de lenguas africanas caracterizadas por el uso de chasquidos o "clics". Tradicionalmente se las ha considerado una familia de lenguas; sin embargo, lo más probable es que sean, en verdad, varias familias. Muchos lingüistas siguen conjeturando que podrían estar genéticamente emparentadas, aunque con una profundidad temporal muy grande, por lo que las considera una macrofamilia, si bien la evidencia en favor de esa hipótesis es escasa. El término proviene del nombre de los khoi (khoisán central) y los san (khoisán septentrional).

Distribución e historia
Históricamente, las lenguas han sido habladas principalmente por tres grupos étnicos: los khoikhoi, antiguamente conocidos por el término peyorativo hotentotes,  los san, a los que se les solía conocer como bosquimanos, término también peyorativo, y los damaras. Khoikhoi y san suelen ser denominados conjuntamente como pueblos khoisán en razón a similitudes antropológicas. Joseph Greenber agregó a este grupo lingüístico otras dos lenguas de África central, el hadza y el sandawe, ya que no parecen relacionadas con lenguas vecinas pero poseen clicks como los existentes en las lenguas khoisán.

En la actualidad, estas lenguas solamente se hablan en el desierto del Kalahari y en una pequeña área de Tanzania. Las lenguas del grupo son cada vez más escasas; varias se han extinguido. Muchas no tienen registro escrito. Las lenguas hadza y sandavés (o sandawe) de Tanzania se clasifican generalmente dentro de las lenguas joisanas, pero están muy separadas (tanto geográfica como lingüísticamente) de las demás. Muchos lingüistas ponen en duda el origen común de la familia joisana. Las lenguas más habladas del grupo son el coroca y el sandavés.

Históricamente es conocido que los pueblos joisán ocupaban un área más extensa en África Meridional y que fueron desplazados o substituidos por lenguas bantúes. Algunas lenguas bantúes como el Xhosa muestran clicks en su inventario fonológico, lo cual sugiere que debió haber hablantes bilingües en ambas lenguas. Igualmente la lingüística histórica ha demostrado que la expansión bantú debió desplazar a pueblos que hablaban lenguas joisán. De hecho la presencia de clicks en hadza y sandavés y el hecho de que no estén emparentados de manera visible con ninguna otra lengua africana, sugiere que pudieron tener alguna conexión histórica con las lenguas joisán propiamente dichas. Sin embargo, no existen evidencias de parentesco firme entre éstas y las otras lenguas joisanas y la presencia de clicks podría indicar un rasgo de área lingüística previamente existente a la expansión de las lenguas bantúes.

Descripción lingüística

Aun existiendo un elevado número de lingüistas partidarios de postular una macrofamilia khoisán, ninguno de los muchos intentos de probar el parentesco genético de todas las lenguas khoisanas ha sido convincente y la evidencia en favor del parentesco filogenético real es extremadamente escasa. Parte de las dificultades en el trabajo comparativo reside en que existe un cierto número de lenguas joisánidas actualmente desaparecidas para las que no existen virtualmente datos lingüísticos y son eslabones perdidos que habrían permitido hacer una comparación más efectiva. Excluyendo el hadza y el sandawe, la evidencia disponible para el resto de lenguas khoisán ha permitido identificar tres grupos bien definidos y dos lenguas de posición dudosa provisionalmente consideradas aisladas. Los tres grupos son:
 Khoisán septentrional (juu-ǂhoa, kx'a), formado por tres o cuatro unidades lenguas identificables
 Khoisán meridional (tuu), formado actualmente por un único miembro el complejo dialectal !xõõ, aunque se supone que la mayor parte de lenguas khoisán desparecidas habrían formado parte de este grupo.
 Khoisán central (kxoe), formado por más de una veintena de lenguas y variedades diferentes.
Las dos lenguas cuya posición es dudosa porque no parecen encajar del todo bien en los grupos anteriores son:
 El ǂhõã, hablado en Botsuana, frecuentemente emparentado con el khoisán septentrional.
 El kwadi, actualmente extinto pero hablado anteriormente en el sur de Angola, para algunos relacionados con el khoisán central.
El hadza y el sandawe tampoco parecen emparentados con las lenguas anteriores y parecen ser lenguas sobrevivientes de la expansión bantú hacia el sur de África que debió ocasinar la extinción de muchas lenguas posiblemente relacionadas con algunas lenguas khoisán.

Fonología
Una de las características más peculiares de estas lenguas consiste en el uso de chasquidos consonánticos como fonemas, incluyendo lenguas como el cungo (o kung-ekoka), que posee 50 chasquidos consonánticos diferentes y más de 140 fonemas individuales, así como el !xóõ, con un enorme inventario fonológico dotado de sonidos estridentes y guturales.

Gracias a la película de 1980 Los dioses deben estar locos en la que se puede oír la lengua de los san, el gran público conoce el sonido característico de los clicks.

Las únicas otras lenguas que usan chasquidos como fonemas son las lenguas bantúes nguni, como el josa (o xhosa) y el zulú de Sudáfrica, el sesotho también hablado en Sudáfrica y Lesoto, la lengua cushítica dahalo y una lengua ceremonial artificial llamada "damin", hablada por algunos aborígenes australianos. Se cree que todas estas lenguas, a excepción del damin, han tomado los chasquidos de las lenguas joisanas.

Morfología
Las lenguas joisanas difieren dramáticamente en su estructura gramatical y tipología, lo cual refuerza la hipótesis de que no tienen un origen común. En cuanto a la morfología y sintaxis existen dos tipos bien diferenciados:
 Las lenguas khoisán meridionales y septentrionales, estas últimas lenguas son fundamentalmente aislantes.
 Las lenguas khoe (khoisán central), poseen una morfología compleja que incluye partículas y afijos. Algunas de estas lenguas poseen hasta tres formas diferentes según el género gramatical (masculino, femenino, común) y tres formas según el número gramatical (singular, dual y plural). Los siguientes ejemplos tomados del naro ilustran los diferentes sufijos para marcar género y número:
{|class=wikitable style=text-align:center;
|-
! !! Masculino !! Femenino !! Común
|-
! Singular
| ba || sa || __
|-
! Dual
| ʦara || sara || khoara
|-
! Plural
| ǁua || ʣi || na
|}
Las lenguas khoe orientales de la rama del Kalahari tenden a hacer uso menor del sistema de clases nominales (género gramatical). La asignación de género o clase gramatical en principio está orientada según el sexo, aunque otras connotaciones como el tamaño y la forma pueden estar presentes (en varias lenguas el masculino se asocia a lo alargado y grande, y el femenino a lo pequeño y redondo). A veces ocurren dobletes diferenciados por el género:
yìí-bà (masc.) 'leño'
yìí-sá (fem.) 'árbol' [ya que produce frutos]
En las lenguas khoe la existencia de género va a compañada de concordancia gramatical, así los adjetivos, numerales y demostrativos concuerdan en género con el nombre al que acompañan. Algunas pocas lenguas (ǁani, buga, deti) tienen además marcas de objeto en el verbo que concuerdan con el objeto, lo cual hace más complejas morfológicamente en ese aspecto que las lenguas indoeuropeas.

Sintaxis
En la sintaxis las diferentes lenguas khoisán pertenecen a tipos prácticamente opuestos:
 En khoisán septentrional y meridional, predominan las lenguas con orden SVO, el núcleo sintáctico precede al modificador y se usan preposiciones.
 En khoisán central, el orden prdominante es SOV, los modificadores del nombre suelen precederlo y se usan postposiciones en lugar de preposiciones. El sandawe, el orden predominante es TSOV (marcador de tiempo+SOV) y el núcleo tiende a ser final. Similarmente el kwadi es SOV y de núcleo final.
 El hadza tiene orden dominante VSO aunque también puede darse el SVO, es de núcleo inicial, hechos que comparte con el khoisán septentrional y meridional, aunque a diferencia de estos es una lengua flexiva y tiene una morfología más compleja.

Comparación léxica
Al igual que en otras áreas, las lenguas joisanas muestran gran diversidad y o bien no constituyen una familia lingüística en absoluto o bien empezaron diversificarse hace demasiados milenios como para que pueda establecerse su parentesco. La siguiente table compara los numerales reconstruidos en las tres ramas identificadas como familias:

{|class=wikitable style=text-align:center;
|-
! rowspan=2|GLOSA
! Kxoisán central
! Kxoisán meridional
! Kxoisán septentrional
! rowspan=2| Hadza
! rowspan=2| Sandawe
|-
! PROTO-KXOE
! PROTO-TUU-!UI
! PROTO-KX'A
|-
| '1' || *ǀui || *ǂʔuẽ || *nǀèǃé || ʔitʃame || ts'éxì̥-è
|-
| '2' || *ǀam || *nǂwa || *tca- || pije || kísò-xì̥
|-
| '3' || *!noona || *ǁai(ŋǃona) || *ǃāō(nǃani) || samaka || sʷámkí-xì̥
|-
| '4' || *haka ||  ||  || bone~buni || hàká-xì̥
|}
Para el número 3 en las tres ramas aparecen términos relacionados aunque se trataría de préstamos léxicos desde el joisán central a las otras dos ramas.

Clasificación
Las lenguas joisán comparten rasgos fonológicos peculiares que en general parecen estar ausentes de lenguas africanas, excepto por préstamos evidentes de las lenguas joisán a otras lenguas. El avance de las comparación entre las lenguas joisán ha permitido reconstruir claramente tres unidades filogenéticas probadas (Joisán septentrional, Joisán central y Joisán meridional), con posibles relaciones entre ellas. La adscripción del sandavés (sandawe) y el hadza a estas lenguas es por otra parte tentativa y puesta en duda por ciertos autores. Un árbol maximal basado parcialmente en la evidencia del proyecto comparativo ASJP es el siguiente:

Otros trabajos han investigado la relación genética entre los pueblos putativamente macro-joisanos han encontrado el siguiente árbol clasdístico para los genes de los pueblos joisán:

Lista de lenguas joisanas

Véase también
Joisán
Hadza/sandawe
Angola
Namibia
Botsuana
Lenguas de Sudáfrica

Referencias

Bibliografía
 Moreno Cabrera, Juan Carlos (1990), Lenguas del mundo, Madrid ISBN 84-7774856-X (Utilizado para la castellanización de algunos nombres de lenguas)

Enlaces externos
 Lingüística khoisán en la Universidad de Cornell
 Árbol filogenético de lenguas khoisán


text:
The 2009 National Football League, known for sponsorship reasons as the Allianz National Football League, was the 78th staging of the National Football League (NFL), an annual Gaelic football tournament for the Gaelic Athletic Association county teams of Ireland. The League began on 31 January 2009. Thirty-two Gaelic football county teams from the island of Ireland, plus London, participated.

On 26 April, Kerry defeated Derry by 1-15 to 0-15 to win their 19th league title.

Format

League structure
The 2009 format of the National Football League was a system of four divisions. The top three divisions consisted of 8 teams, and Division 4 contained nine teams. Each team played every other team in its division once, either home or away. 2 points were awarded for a win and 1 for a draw.

Tie-breaker
If two or more teams were level on points:
 Points difference (total scored minus total conceded in all games) was used to rank the teams
 If points difference was identical, total scored was used to rank the teams
 If still identical, the head-to-head game between the teams concerned was used to rank the teams

Finals, promotions and relegations
The top two teams in Division 1 contested the 2009 NFL final. The top two teams in divisions 2, 3 and 4 were promoted, and contested the finals of their respective divisions. The bottom two teams in divisions 1, 2 and 3 were relegated.

Division 1

Table

Rounds 1 to 7

Division 1 Final

Division 2

Table

Rounds 1 to 7

Division 2 Final

Division 3

Table

Rounds 1 to 7

Division 3 Final

Division 4

Table

Rounds 1 to 7

Division 4 Final

Statistics
All scores correct as of 29 March 2016

Scoring
Widest winning margin: 34
Kilkenny 0-5 - 4-27 Antrim (Division 4)
Most goals in a match: 6
Wexford 2-9 - 4-16 Armagh (Division 2)
Most points in a match: 37
Laois 0-23 - 1-14 Fermanagh (Division 2)
Most goals by one team in a match: 5
Dublin 5-22 - 0-10 Westmeath (Division 1)
Clare 5-21 - 0-4 Kilkenny (Division 4)
 Highest aggregate score: 47 points
Dublin 5-22 - 0-10 Westmeath (Division 1)
Lowest aggregate score: 16 points
Waterford 1-7 - 0-6 Carlow (Division 4)

Top scorers
Overall

Single game

References

National Football League
National Football League (Ireland) seasons