text:
Jeremiah Briscoe (born August 15, 1993) is a former gridiron football quarterback.  He played college football at Sam Houston State, where he was a two-time winner of the Walter Payton Award. He played for the Edmonton Eskimos of the Canadian Football League (CFL).

High school
Originally a three-year letterer at Second Baptist, Briscoe played wide receiver as a sophomore and caught 51 passes for 792 yards and five touchdowns, while playing backup quarterback and throwing for 3 touchdowns. He became the quarterback as a junior passed for 2,358 yards and 23 touchdowns on zero interceptions. Jeremiah transferred to Stratford for his senior year and threw for 1,863 yards and 12 touchdowns on only 3 interceptions, also running for 6 more rushing touchdowns as a senior. Moreso than football, Briscoe actually preferred baseball to football and had a 2.48 ERA with 55 strikeouts in 48 innings pitched.

Considered a three-star recruit by 247sports, Briscoe chose a full-ride scholarship to the University of Alabama at Birmingham over offers from Baylor, Boise State, Lamar, Sam Houston State, Stephen F Austin, Wyoming, and preferred walk-on's from Texas A&M and Ole Miss. He was also recruited by UAB to play baseball, and sought baseball recruitment from Stephen F Austin, Texas A&M, and Baylor.

College career
Briscoe started his college career at UAB in 2014, where he threw for 361 yards and 3 touchdowns in six games, one of which he started. He also played baseball. Briscoe transferred to Sam Houston State University after UAB's football program was cut following his freshman year.

Despite being a sophomore backup at Sam Houston State behind Jared Johnson, Briscoe passed for 1,883 yards and 14 touchdowns in the 2015 season. As a junior in the 2016 season, Briscoe was a full-time starter and won the Walter Payton Award after passing for 4,602 yards and 57 touchdowns, an FCS single-season record until 2022, when Lindsey Scott Jr. threw 60 for Incarnate Word.

As a senior in 2017, Briscoe threw for 5,003 yards and 46 touchdowns, later winning the Walter Payton a second time. He is only the second player in FCS history to win the Walter Payton more than once.

Statistics

Professional career
Briscoe was originally invited to a training camp with the Pittsburgh Steelers, but was not signed after camp ended. On April 27, 2018, Briscoe signed with the Philadelphia Eagles. However, Briscoe   appear in only one scrimmage before being cut by the team on August 17, 2018.

On November 7, 2018, Jeremiah Briscoe signed with the Edmonton Eskimos of the Canadian Football League. Briscoe played with the Eskimos for three seasons as a reserve quarterback and practice squad player. He appeared in 10 games throughout his career, where he had two incomplete passes against the Hamilton Tiger-Cats on October 4, 2019. He also had one tackle.

Briscoe retired from football on June 25, 2021.

References

External links
 Sam Houston State profile

1993 births
Living people
American football quarterbacks
Canadian football quarterbacks
Edmonton Elks players
Sam Houston Bearkats football players
UAB Blazers football players
Walter Payton Award winners
Players of American football from Houston
Players of Canadian football from Houston


text:
Die Urmünder (Protostomia) sind eine Stammgruppe der Gewebetiere (Eumetazoa). Die Mehrzahl der Tierstämme und die große Mehrheit aller irdischen Tierarten gehört zur Gruppe der Protostomia, die traditionell den übrigen Bilateria, den Neumündern (Deuterostomia), gegenübergestellt wird. Von einigen wenigen Stämmen (Pfeilwürmer, auch Gastrotricha und einigen wenigen anderen) ist die Zuordnung zu einer dieser beiden Großgruppen allerdings nicht abschließend geklärt.

Definition und Abgrenzung
Zu den Urmündern zählen traditionell die Tierstämme mit einem vollständigen Verdauungstrakt, bei denen in der Embryonalentwicklung der Mund aus dem schlitzförmigen Urmund hervorgeht, während der Anus sekundär durchbricht oder aus dem hinteren Teil des Urmundes entsteht. Die Entstehung des Mundes der Urmünder kann auf verschiedene Weise erfolgen.

Traditionell zählte man zu ihnen die Häutungstiere (Ecdysozoa), die Lophotrochozoen (Lophotrochozoa) und die Plattwurmartigen (Platyzoa). Die Pfeilwürmer (Chaetognatha) sind hier nicht (mehr) integriert, da sie nach molekulargenetischen Untersuchungen vielleicht eine isoliert-basale Stellung im System einnehmen. Dorthin sind in neuerer Zeit auch andere Gruppen umgesetzt worden, wie etwa Analysen zur Einordnung der Xenacoelomorpha nahelegen. Die Urmünder sind, im Gegensatz zu den Neumündern (Deuterostomia), nach heute überwiegender Ansicht paraphyletisch, stellen also keine natürliche Gruppe im Sinne der phylogenetischen Systematik dar.

Systematik
 Häutungstiere (Ecdysozoa)
 Nematoida
 Fadenwürmer (Nematoda)
 Saitenwürmer (Nematomorpha)
 Scalidophora
 Hakenrüssler (Kinorhyncha)
 Priapswürmer (Priapulida)
 Korsetttierchen (Loricifera)
 Panarthropoda
 Bärtierchen (Tardigrada)
 Stummelfüßer (Onychophora)
 Lobopoden (Lobopodia) †
 Gliederfüßer (Arthropoda), unter anderem mit den Insekten, Spinnentieren und Krebstieren
 Lophotrochozoen (Lophotrochozoa)
 Weichtiere (Mollusca), unter anderem mit den Schnecken, Muscheln und Tintenfischen
 Ringelwürmer (Annelida), unter anderem mit den Regenwürmern
 Moostierchen (Bryozoa)
 Armfüßer (Brachiopoda)
 Igelwürmer (Echiura)
 Schnurwürmer (Nemertea)
 Plattwurmartige (Platyzoa)
 Plattwürmer (Plathelminthes)
 Kratzwürmer (Acanthocephala)
 Cycliophora
 Bauchhärlinge (Gastrotricha)
 Kiefermündchen (Gnathostomulida)
 Kelchwürmer (Kamptozoa)
 Micrognathozoa
 Rädertierchen (Rotatoria)

Einzelnachweise

Weblinks

Vielzellige Tiere
Mund

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Rockland és una població dels Estats Units a l'estat d'Idaho. Segons el cens del 2000 tenia una població de 316 habitants.

Demografia
Segons el cens del 2000, Rockland tenia 316 habitants, 100 habitatges, i 80 famílies. La densitat de població era de 420,7 habitants/km².

Dels 100 habitatges en un 45% hi vivien nens de menys de 18 anys, en un 72% hi vivien parelles casades, en un 6% dones solteres, i en un 20% no eren unitats familiars. En el 19% dels habitatges hi vivien persones soles l'11% de les quals corresponia a persones de 65 anys o més que vivien soles. El nombre mitjà de persones vivint en cada habitatge era de 3,16 i el nombre mitjà de persones que vivien en cada família era de 3,65.

Per edats la població es repartia de la següent manera: un 39,6% tenia menys de 18 anys, un 6,3% entre 18 i 24, un 19% entre 25 i 44, un 23,7% de 45 a 60 i un 11,4% 65 anys o més.

L'edat mediana era de 28 anys. Per cada 100 dones de 18 o més anys hi havia 103,2 homes.

La renda mediana per habitatge era de 30.625 $ i la renda mediana per família de 42.778 $. Els homes tenien una renda mediana de 38.125 $ mentre que les dones 19.038 $. La renda per capita de la població era de 14.554 $. Aproximadament el 14,3% de les famílies i el 15,5% de la població estaven per davall del llindar de pobresa.

Poblacions més properes
El següent diagrama mostra les poblacions més properes.

Referències

Entitats de població d'Idaho


text:
Пирдопска духовна околия е околия и ариерейско наместничество с център град Пирдоп е част от Ловчанската епархия на Българската православна църква.

Храмове
 с. Антон – "Св. Пророк Илия" – 10. 09. 1894 г.
 с. Буново – "Св. Вмчк. Теодор Тирон" – 1834 г.
 с. Душанци – "Св. св. Кирил и Методий" – 27. 10. 1880 г.
 гр. Златица – "Св. Вмчк. Георги" – 20. 04. 1850 г.
 с. Църквище – "Св. Вмчца Екатерина" – 03. 06. 1934 г.
 с. Карлиево – "Св. Вмчк. Евстатий" – 1848 г.
 с. Каменица – "Св. Петка" – 1934 г.
 с. Мирково – "Св. Вмчк. Димитър" – 1834 г.
 гр. Пирдоп – "Успение Богородично" – 1819 г.
 гр. Пирдоп – "Успение Богородично" – 1819 г.
 с. Смолско – "Въведение Богородично" – 04. 10. 1860 г.
 с. Чавдар – "Св. Архангел Михаил" – 1883 г.
 с. Челопеч – "Св. Николай" – 1835 г.

Външни препратки
 Пирдопска духовна околия – Официален сайт на св. Синод на БПЦ


text:
Gymnopleurus qurosh es una especie de escarabajo del género Gymnopleurus, familia Scarabaeidae. Fue descrita científicamente por Montreuil en 2011.

Se distribuye por la región paleártica. Habita en Irán.

Referencias

Enlaces externos
 Gymnopleurus qurosh Enciclopedia de la vida.
 Gymnopleurus qurosh Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF).

qurosh
Insectos descritos en 2011
Insectos de Irán


text:
Potentilla grayi is a species of cinquefoil known by the common name Gray's cinquefoil.

Description
Potentilla grayi is a small upright plant growing 10 to 20 centimeters tall. The leaves are ternate, divided into three leaflets. Each leaflet is roughly oval in shape and has usually seven blunt teeth along the edges. The inflorescence is a cyme of one to five flowers each with five yellow petals.

Distribution
Potentilla grayi is endemic to the Sierra Nevada of California, where it grows in high mountain meadows.

References

External links
Jepson Manual Treatment - Potentilla grayi
Potentilla grayi Photo gallery

grayi
Endemic flora of California


text:
Dans le domaine militaire,  peut désigner :

Allemagne
 d'infanterie

URSS


text:
Linkinhorne (in Cornish Lanngynhorn) is a civil parish and village in southeast Cornwall, England, United Kingdom. The village itself is situated at  and is approximately four miles (6.5 km) northwest of Callington and seven miles (11 km) south of Launceston. The parish population at the 2011 census including Downgate was 1,541

Geography
As well as Linkinhorne village, other settlements in the parish include (in alphabetical order) Bray Shop, Caradon Town, Downgate, Henwood, Ley Mill, Minions, Plushabridge, Rilla Mill and Upton Cross. The area is bordered by the River Inny in the north-east and Bodmin Moor to the west. The valley of the River Lynher runs through the parish.

History
Linkinhorne parish is within the Deanery and Hundred of East and is bounded on the north by North Hill and Lezant, on the east by Stoke Climsland and South Hill, on the south and west by St Ive and St Cleer. The name Linkinhorne means church site (Lann) of Kenhoarn. In the Domesday Book of 1086, the manor is referred to as Resleston (town by the ford) (Rillaton).

The parish is largely rural, although west of the B3254 road from Launceston to Liskeard, the parish includes part of Caradon Hill, once an industrialised mining area.

The parish church of St Melor is built of granite and dates from the 15th century. The tower is 120 ft high and the features of the church include a medieval altar slab, a 13th-century font and 15th-century wall paintings. The north aisle and lofty tower are said to have been built at the expense of Henry Trecarrel. The church is a Grade I listed building. Daniel Gumb (d. 1776), a stonemason, lived in a cottage near the Cheesewring; several gravestones in Linkinhorne churchyard were carved by him.

In medieval times there were chapels at Trefrize and Caradon. Arthur Langdon (1896) records a Cornish cross and a cross base at North Coombe; and another cross base at Sturt's Corner. Andrew Langdon (1996) records the cross at Northcoombe (it was set up on a stone in 1908).

Also in the parish are the Holy Well of St Melor; a 15th-century bridge over the Lynher at Plushabridge; and near Minions the Rillaton round barrow (in which Bronze Age grave goods, including a gold beaker, were discovered in 1837). The Hurlers are a group of three stone circles near Upton Cross.

The manor of Rillaton was the head manor of the Hundred of East and one of the 17 Antiqua maneria of the Duchy of Cornwall.

Notable people
 The wrestler James Gerry (born circa 1858) fought Samuel Rundle (Plymouth) for the championship of Cornwall in 1883. Lasting just over an hour, the match ended in a draw in the 19th round following Rundle tearing leg muscles. Gerry was reported in The Cornishman newspaper to have vanquished all the best men in America as well as many men in Cornwall.
The Church of England priest Theophilus Wodenote was vicar of Linkinhorne from 1619 to 1651, when he was sequestered from his benefice on account of his adherence to the Royalist cause. He was restored to his vicarage in 1660, and was buried at Linkinhorne on 1 October 1662.

References

External links
 Linkinhorne Parish website

Civil parishes in Cornwall
Holy wells in Cornwall
Villages in Cornwall


text:
– japońska zapaśniczka startująca w kategorii do 55 kg w stylu wolnym, trzykrotna mistrzyni olimpijska, dwunastokrotna mistrzyni świata.

Największym jej sukcesem jest złoty medal igrzysk olimpijskich w Atenach, Pekinie i w Londynie (kategoria 55 kg) i srebrny w Rio de Janeiro 2016(kategoria 53 kg).

Jest 13-krotną złotą medalistką mistrzostw świata (2002-2012). Cztery razy wygrała igrzyska azjatyckie (2002, 2006, 2010, 2014), cztery razy mistrzostwa Azji. Uniwersytecka mistrzyni świata z 2002 i mistrzyni uniwersjady w 2005. Pierwsza w Pucharze Świata w 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006 i 2014; druga w 2012. Mistrzyni świata juniorów i kadetów (1998-2001).

Mistrzyni Japonii w stylu wolnym w wadze do 55 kg z lat 2002–2011, 2013 i 2015 oraz w wadze do 53 kg z 2014.

Przypisy

Bibliografia
 Saori Yoshida na stronie FILA

 Dane na stronie Rio2016.com

Japońscy medaliści olimpijscy
Japońscy zapaśnicy
Medaliści Letnich Igrzysk Olimpijskich 2004
Medaliści Letnich Igrzysk Olimpijskich 2008
Medaliści Letnich Igrzysk Olimpijskich 2012
Medaliści Letnich Igrzysk Olimpijskich 2016
Medaliści Letniej Uniwersjady 2005
Zapaśnicy na Letnich Igrzyskach Olimpijskich 2016
Sportowcy związani z Tsue
Ludzie urodzeni w Tsue
Urodzeni w 1982


text:
Las Piñas es una ciudad filipina en Gran Manila. Limita con Parañaque al norte y noreste, Muntinlupa al este y sudeste, Imus al sur, Bacoor al sudoeste y la bahía de Manila al noroeste. Tiene 482.120 habitantes.

La mitad de su área se está desarrollando como zona residencial y el resto se usa como zonas comercial, industrial e institucional. La fisiografía actual de Las Piñas consiste de tres divisiones: la bahía de Manila, la Coastal Margin y la Meseta de Guadalupe.

La ciudad se divide por la vía Alabang-Zapote, anteriormente conocida como la calle Real. Forma parte de la carretera Maharlika, la cual atraviesa todo el país. La vía Alabang-Zapote conecta la autopista Luzón del Sur (SLEx), que pasa a través de Muntinlupa al este, a la Autopista Costera (oficialmente solamente la Coastal Road en inglés) a lo largo de la bahía de Manila.

En 2004, se está completando en la parte este de Las Piñas una nueva carretera que se llama Daang Hari (Vía Real en español), que conecta la ciudad a los vecinos de Bacoor, Muntinlupa y San Pedro y la cual permite a los residentes evitar el tráfico pesado en los distritos de Zapote y Alabang de Muntinlupa. La Daang Hari es una ruta popular a los ciclistas, especialmente los fines de semana.

Historia
A principios del siglo XIX formaba parte del Corregimiento de Tondo  en cuyo territorio se hallaba la plaza y ciudad de Manila.

Referencias

Ciudades de Filipinas
Gran Manila


text:
Killbuck Creek is a tributary of the Walhonding River, 81.7 mi (131.5 km) long, in north-central Ohio in the United States.  Via the Walhonding, Muskingum and Ohio Rivers, it is part of the watershed of the Mississippi River.  It drains an area of 613 mi² (1588 km²).

Killbuck Creek rises in northern Wayne County and initially flows in a counter-clockwise loop northward into southern Medina County and past the town of Burbank before turning to a southward course through Wayne, Holmes and Coshocton Counties to its mouth at the Walhonding River, 5 mi (8 km) west of the city of Coshocton.  Along its course it flows to the west of the city of Wooster and passes the towns of Holmesville, Millersburg and Killbuck.

A USGS stream gauge on the creek at Layland recorded a mean annual discharge of  during water years 1924-1930. According to a US Environmental Protection Agency estimate, the mean annual discharge of the creek at its mouth is .

Name
Killbuck Creek and the town of Killbuck are named for the Shawnee war chief Bemino (fl. 1710s–1780s) — known as John Killbuck, Sr, to the whites. According to the Geographic Names Information System, the stream has been known and spelled variously over the years:
Kilbuck Creek
Killbuck Run
Killbucks Creek
Kilbuck River
Kill-Buck River

The United States Board on Geographic Names settled on "Killbuck Creek" as the stream's name in 1963.

See also
List of rivers of Ohio

References

Rivers of Ohio
Rivers of Coshocton County, Ohio
Rivers of Holmes County, Ohio
Rivers of Medina County, Ohio
Rivers of Wayne County, Ohio


text:
Direttore artistico dell'Associazione Carte Blanche, del Teatro di San Pietro di Volterra e del Festival VolterraTeatro (fino al 2016), è noto soprattutto per l'attività teatrale svolta con i detenuti nel carcere di Volterra, dove fonda nel 1988 la Compagnia della Fortezza.

Biografia
Punzo nasce a Cercola (NA), il 17 marzo 1959. Inizia la sua attività a Napoli nel 1978 con spettacoli di strada del Teatro Laboratorio Proposta.

Nel 1983 giunge a Volterra ove comincia a collaborare con il gruppo L'Avventura. Un brevissimo ritorno a Napoli e poi il definitivo trasferimento in Toscana continuando con il progetto L'Avventura e il lavoro all'interno del Centro di Cultura Attiva Il Porto. Allo scioglimento del gruppo, lavora come aiuto regista di Thierry Salmon.

Nel 1987 fonda l'associazione culturale Carte Blanche di cui è attualmente direttore artistico. Lo stesso anno cura la regia di Etty da Diario 1941/1943 di Etty Hillesum (prima edizione di VolterraTeatro) e nel 1989 la regia di Verso Camille Claudel (VolterraTeatro'89).

Già nel 1988 aveva cominciato a lavorare con i detenuti del carcere di Volterra. Nasce così la Compagnia della Fortezza, uno dei primi progetti di teatro in carcere in Italia, dopo quelli di Vannuccini a Rebibbia a partire dal 1982 e di Pagano nel 1984 a Brescia.

Alla direzione della Compagnia crea decine di spettacoli, tra cui i pluripremiati Marat/Sade di Peter Weiss, I Negri di Jean Genet e il suo I Pescecani ovvero quello che resta di Bertolt Brecht. Dal 2004 gli spettacoli della Compagnia della Fortezza sono in tournée nei più importanti teatri e festival italiani.

Parallelamente svolge sempre la sua attività di regista fuori dal carcere; nel frattempo si rafforza anche la vocazione internazionale del suo impegno. Nel 1997 realizza la regia del monologo Teatro No con l'attore Nicola Rignanese; nel 1999 è uno dei maestri del teatro prescelti per il progetto internazionale I Porti del Mediterraneo promosso dall'Ente Teatrale Italiano (E.T.I.), conducendo un laboratorio a Casablanca (Marocco) con quindici attori marocchini, presentato poi in Italia al Teatro Duse di Bologna; sempre nel 1999 e nel 2000 ha condotto per la Biennale di Venezia un laboratorio produttivo a più tappe con 15 attori, concretizzatosi nello spettacolo Nihil-Nulla a seguito dell'affiancamento del Teatro Metastasio di Prato e del Festival di Zurigo; nel 2004 un nuovo laboratorio internazionale denominato Progetto Brecht con la produzione del Teatro Metastasio di Prato, Festival de Liegi (Belgio) e Spielzeiteuropa-Berliner Festspiele (Germania) e in collaborazione con Centre des Arts Sceniques (Belgio), Ferme du Buisson (Francia) e Theatre de la Place (Belgio), sfociato nello spettacolo Il Vuoto ovvero cosa resta di Bertolt Brecht; nel 2005 dirige l'attore maghrebino ex-detenuto Mimoun El Barouni nel monologo Il Libro della Vita. Nell'autunno del 2008 è la volta di un laboratorio con un gruppo di giovani e anziani sulla comunicazione e la memoria tra generazioni: esito finale è lo spettacolo Amleto - La tragedia della realtà.

Dal 1998 è direttore artistico del Teatro di San Pietro di Volterra e dal 2000, dopo tre anni di co-direzione, è direttore artistico unico del festival VolterraTeatro, incaricato mantenuto fino all'edizione del 2016.

La cifra del suo impegno è indissolubilmente legata all'idea di portare l'attività teatrale in carcere. In tal senso, è da alcuni anni impegnato nel progetto di creare un teatro stabile all'interno del carcere di Volterra.

Premio Europa per il Teatro
Nel 1997 l'associazione Carte Blanche e la Compagnia della Fortezza ricevono il III Premio Europa Realtà Teatrali, a Taormina, con la seguente motivazione:Da nove anni la Compagnia della Fortezza diretta da Armando Punzo persegue, superando con fatica e coerenza le più varie difficoltà e insidie, l'idea di un teatro che è riscatto e liberazione, affermazione della dignità che ogni uomo può e deve rivendicare.

Da Masaniello a Marat Sade, da Prigioni al recente I negri l'esperienza iniziata e laboriosamente consolidata all'interno del carcere di Volterra è divenuta un evento che ha suscitato interesse e partecipazione a livello italiano e internazionale. Introducendo l'immaginario teatrale all'interno della istituzione carceraria è stato realizzato un percorso grazie al quale un inedito dialogo e una nuova forma di comunicazione si sono stabiliti tra gli attori-carcerati e gli spettatori raccolti all'interno e all'esterno del carcere.

Ne I negri gli attori-detenuti, mettendo in scena se stessi, ammoniscono la società che li guarda e danno vita a uno spettacolo ironico e feroce, di una evidenza forte e nuova. Il dramma di Genet è stato integrato dal libero apporto degli interpreti, in un gioco di invenzioni e finzioni che fa rivivere la classica struttura del teatro all'interno del teatro. La genesi del teatro di Genet è così descritta da Armando Punzo: «Avevamo cominciato a lavorare su Moby Dick di Melville, ma alla fine il progetto non ci convinceva. È stato in quel momento che ho riletto I negri di Genet e sono rimasto folgorato dall'intuizione che c'è alla base, la storia di una compagnia di negri che recita per gli spettatori bianchi un dramma impregnato su un delitto commesso da negri ai danni di una bianca. E mi sono detto: ecco i negri sono loro, loro che stanno chiusi qui dentro, mentre i bianchi sono gli spettatori che vengono dal di fuori».

Dal progetto è nata un'inedita cerimonia sacra e dissacratoria, dove la provocazione è l'estrema risposta a una condizione di disagio, in cui lo spettatore percepisce con bruciante evidenza la propria condizione di bianco libero e innocente. In questa cerimonia colpisce la capacità di reinventare il linguaggio esaltando le possibilità e l'espressività degli attori, ma anche l'audacia con cui si colgono e si portano alle estreme conseguenze gli spunti offerti dal testo di Genet per cui agli "esclusi" non rimane che il teatro per comunicare.

Cronologia opere

Spettacoli
 1989 - La Gatta Cenerentola di Roberto De Simone
 1990 - Masaniello di Elvio Porta
 1991 - 'O Juorno 'e San Michele di Elvio Porta
 1992 - Il Corrente di Elvio Porta
 1993 - Marat-Sade di Peter Weiss
 1994 - La prigione (The Brig) di Kenneth Brown
 1995 - L'Eneide - II studio da Virgilio, con la partecipazione degli allievi della Scuola d'Arte Drammatica Paolo Grassi di Milano
 1996 - I Negri di Jean Genet
 1997 - Retrospettiva dei tre principali spettacoli della Compagnia della Fortezza: Marat-Sade, La Prigione e I Negri
 1997 - Teatro No con l'attore professionista Nicola Rignanese
 1998 - Orlando Furioso da Ludovico Ariosto
 1999 - Insulti al pubblico da Peter Handke
 1999 - Progetto I Porti del Mediterraneo a Casablanca e a Bologna
 1999 - Laboratorio per una nuova produzione alla Biennale di Venezia
 2000 - Macbeth da William Shakespeare
 2000 - Nihil-Nulla da Hamletmachine di Heiner Müller con 15 attori professionisti (prodotto con la Biennale di Venezia, Teatro Metastasio di Prato e Festival di Zurigo)
 2001 - Amleto da William Shakespeare
 2002 - L'Opera da tre soldi - Primo studio da Bertolt Brecht
 2003 - I Pescecani ovvero quello che resta di Bertolt Brecht di Armando Punzo
 2004 - P.P.Pasolini ovvero elogio al disimpegno di Armando Punzo
 2004 - Sing Sing Cabaret - Scene da I Pescecani di Armando Punzo
 2005 - Appunti per un film di Armando Punzo
 2005 - Il Vuoto ovvero quel che resta di Bertolt Brecht di Armando Punzo
 2005 - Il Libro della Vita con Mimoun El Barouni di Armando Punzo e Alì Taifouri
 2006 - Budini, capretti, capponi, e grassi signori ovvero la Scuola dei buffoni di Armando Punzo
 2007 - Pinocchio. Lo Spettacolo della Ragione - Primo studio di Armando Punzo
 2007 - Brecht Cabaret di Armando Punzo
 2008 - Pinocchio. Lo Spettacolo della Ragione di Armando Punzo
 2008 - Un silenzio straordinario da Samuel Beckett
 2008 - Amleto - La tragedia della realtà di Armando Punzo
 2009 - Alice nel paese delle meraviglie - Saggio sulla fine di una civiltà di Armando Punzo
 2010 - Hamlice - Saggio sulla fine di una civiltà di Armando Punzo
 2010 - Il sogno di Faust di Armando Punzo
 2011 - Romeo e Giulietta - Mercuzio non vuole morire di Armando Punzo
 2012 - Progetto Mercuzio non vuole morire di Armando Punzo
 2013 - Santo Genet Commediante e Martire - primo studio di Armando Punzo
 2014 - Santo Genet di Armando Punzo
 2015 - Shakespeare. Know Well di Armando Punzo
 2015 - A-solo. Studi di assenza in pubblico di Armando Punzo
 2016 - Dopo la tempesta. L'opera segreta di Shakespeare di Armando Punzo
 2017 - Le parole lievi. Cerco il volto che avevo prima che il mondo fosse creato di Armando Punzo
 2018 - Beatitudo di Armando Punzo
 2018 - Le rovine circolari. Cerco il volto che avevo prima che il mondo fosse creato di Armando Punzo
2019 - Naturae-ouverture di Armando Punzo

Direzioni artistiche e progetti
 1987 - Luoghi Comuni - installazione
 1990 - Teatròbus
 1996 - Co-direzione artistica Festival VolterraTeatro'96; progetto Il Teatro e la Città 96/97; progetto I Teatri dell'Impossibile; Shorashim - rassegna di cultura ebraica
 1997 - Co-direzione artistica Festival VolterraTeatro'97; progetto Il Teatro e la Città 97/98; progetto I Teatri dell'Impossibile; Shorashim - rassegna di cultura ebraica
 1998 - Co-direzione artistica Festival VolterraTeatro'98; progetto Il teatro e la Città 98/99; progetto I Teatri dell'Impossibile; Shorashim - rassegna di cultura ebraica
 1999 - Co-direzione artistica Festival VolterraTeatro'99; progetto Il Teatro e la Città 99/00; progetto I Teatri dell'Impossibile; Shorashim - rassegna di cultura ebraica
 2000 - Direzione artistica Festival VolterraTeatro'00; progetto Il Teatro e la Città 00/01, Shorashim - rassegna di cultura ebraica
 2001 - Direzione artistica Festival VolterraTeatro'01; progetto Il Teatro e la Città 01/02; Shorashim - rassegna di cultura ebraica
 2002 - Direzione artistica Festival VolterraTeatro'02; progetto Il Teatro e la Città 02/03, Shorashim - rassegna di cultura ebraica
 2003 - Direzione artistica Festival VolterraTeatro'03; progetto Il Teatro e la Città 2003 - Nostalgie d'autunno
 2004 - Direzione artistica Festival VolterraTeatro'04
 2005 - Direzione artistica Festival VolterraTeatro'05
 2006 - Direzione artistica Festival VolterraTeatro'06
 2007 - Direzione artistica Festival VolterraTeatro'07
 2008 - Direzione artistica Festival VolterraTeatro'08
 2009 - Direzione artistica Festival VolterraTeatro'09
 2010 - Direzione artistica Festival VolterraTeatro 2010
 2011 - Direzione artistica Festival VolterraTeatro 2011
 2012 - Direzione artistica Festival VolterraTeatro 2012
 2013 - Direzione artistica Festival VolterraTeatro 2013
 2014 - Direzione artistica Festival VolterraTeatro 2014
 2015 - Direzione artistica Festival VolterraTeatro 2015
 2016 - Direzione artistica Festival VolterraTeatro 2016
 2017 - Direzione artistica Progetto Hybris
 2018 - Direzione artistica #trentannidifortezza
2019 - Direzione artistica #trentannidifortezza

Premi
 1991 - Premio Speciale UBU per il lavoro svolto all'interno del carcere.
 1993 - Premio UBU a Marat-Sade di Peter Weiss come miglior spettacolo dell'anno; Premio Speciale UBU alla Compagnia della Fortezza per l'impegno collettivo nella ricerca e nel lavoro drammaturgico.
 1996 - Premio speciale Teatro Festival Parma-Banca Monte Parma per lo spettacolo I Negri di Jean Genet;
 1997 - Premio Europa Realtà Teatrali alla Compagnia della Fortezza (Armando Punzo)
 2000 - Premio Enrico Maria Salerno per il miglior video realizzato nelle carceri italiane.
 2004 - Premio UBU allo spettacolo I Pescecani ovvero quello che resta di Bertolt Brecht come miglior spettacolo dell'anno; Premio ANCT-Associazione Nazionale Critici di Teatro ad Armando Punzo e alla Compagnia della Fortezza; Premio Carmelo Bene della rivista letteraria Lo Straniero ad Armando Punzo e alla Compagnia della Fortezza.
 2005 - Premio ex aequo per la Cultura Contemporanea della Regione Toscana
 2006 - Premio miglior documentario a Nella Tana del Lupo (Festival di Palazzo Venezia di Roma).
 2009 - Medaglia d'argento della Presidenza della Repubblica Festival Viviani d'Impegno Civile
 2010 - Premio UBU ad Armando Punzo come miglior regia dell'anno per lo spettacolo Alice nel paese delle meraviglie - Saggio sulla fine di una civiltà.
 2012 - Premio Peppino Patroni Griffi assegnato dal Capri Hollywood International Film Festival ad Armando Punzo per lo straordinario lavoro svolto in 25 anni con la Compagnia della Fortezza.
 2014 - Premio UBU ad Armando Punzo, Silvia Bertoni e Alessandro Marzetti come miglior allestimento scenico per lo spettacolo Santo Genet Commediante e Martire
 2014 - Premio ReteCritica al Festival VolterraTeatro per la migliore strategia di comunicazione virale
 2016 - Premio Scenari pagani assegnato da Casa Babylon Teatro
 2016 - Premio Napoli assegnato dalla Fondazione Premio Napoli
 2018 - Sigillo d'ateneo conferito dall'Università di Urbino
 2018 - Medaglia d'oro della Presidenza della Repubblica per lo spettacolo Beatitudo
 2018 - Premio Buone Notizie assegnato dal Corriere della Sera
 2018 - Premio Nesi assegnato dalla Fondazione Nesi

Produzioni video e cd-rom
 1993 - Le Voci di dentro-Carte Blanche: cinque anni di teatro nel carcere di Volterra, produzione RAI-TGR in collaborazione con la Provincia di Pisa, regia di Stefano Marcelli. Interventi di Dario Fo e dell'On. Mario Gozzini.
 1994 - Documentario della televisione tedesca sul lavoro della Compagnia della Fortezza, produzione EuroKick, Milano.
 1996 - Il Teatro dentro le mura. La Compagnia della Fortezza, produzione ZDF, regia di Reinhard Keller.
 1997 - La Compagnia della Fortezza, produzione Fabrica-centro per la ricerca sulla comunicazione di Oliviero Toscani.
 1998 - Laboratorio teatrale 1998 - Orlando Furioso, a cura di P.Catalano e A.Salvadori, produzione Carte Blanche con il sostegno di E.T.I.-Ente Teatrale Italiano.
 1999 - Laboratorio teatrale per la Biennale di Venezia, Produzione RAI-SAT, regia di Francesco degli Espinosa.
 2000 - Orlando Furioso-Percorsi di lavoro sullo spettacolo realizzato nel 1998 con gli attori della Compagnia della Fortezza, cd-rom a cura di A.Salvadori e V.Di Pasquale, produzione Tracce-rassegna teatro d'autore, Assessorato alla Cultura del comune di Pieve di Cento e USL 5 di Bologna.
 2003 - Documentario Nella Tana del Lupo sulla Compagnia della Fortezza, regia di Matteo Bellinelli per la Televisione Svizzera Italiana.
 2004 - Documentario Siamo Fuori dal Tunnel sulla Compagnia della Fortezza, regia di Antonia Moro per Un mondo a colori-RAI Educational.
 2005 - Film-documentario I Balordi sulla Compagnia della Fortezza, regia di Mirjam Kubescha, vincitore del Torino Film Festival.
 2005 - Il Libro della Vita di Armando Punzo e Alì Taifouri, regia di Erika Manoni ed Alessandro Bonifazi.
 2005 - Muss Es Sein Es Muss Sein, videoclip con la regia di Antonia Moro.
 2006 - I Pescecani di Armando Punzo, DVD per la collana Teatro In/civile.
 2006 - Chant d'amour...Ma chi me l'avrebbe detto a me che avrei fatto l'attore, regia di Antonia Moro.
 2008 - Mi interessa Don Chisciotte, film-documentario di Lavinia Baroni.
 2010 - Documentario Catene come destino sulle vite degli attori della Compagnia della Fortezza Mimoun El Barouni e Jamel Bin Salah Soltani e la loro esperienza con Punzo, regia di Matteo Bellinelli per la Televisione Svizzera Italiana.

Pubblicazioni
Armando Punzo, È ai vinti che va il suo amore. I primi venticinque anni di autoreclusione con la Compagnia della Fortezza di Volterra, ed. Clichy 2013.
Armando Punzo, Un'idea più grande di me. Conversazioni con Rossella Menna, Luca Sossella Editore 2019. (seconda edizione 2020)

Note

Altri progetti

Collegamenti esterni

Vincitori del Premio Ubu


text:
José Alexandre de Souza Gurgel do Amaral ( – ) foi um médico brasileiro.

Doutorado em medicina pela Faculdade de Medicina do Rio de Janeiro em 1860, defendo a tese "Sinfisiotomia e a Operação Cesariana". Foi eleito membro da Academia Nacional de Medicina em 1885, com o número acadêmico 144, na presidência de Agostinho José de Sousa Lima.

Membros da Academia Nacional de Medicina
Médicos do Brasil


text:
John Ramm is an English comedian and actor.  He plays Raymond Box in the National Theatre of Brent, and has also appeared on film and television in Robin Hood ("Will You Tolerate This?"), The Palace, Foyle's War ("All Clear") and as Makepeace's neighbour in Shakespeare in Love.

On stage, he has appeared with the Royal Shakespeare Company in their 2004 Lope de Vega season, at the Chichester Festival Theatre, in a 2008 production of Ring Round the Moon at the Playhouse Theatre London, as Dogberry in Much Ado About Nothing in 2011, in the 2013 play The Low Road, and as Thomas More and Henry Norris in Mike Poulton's 2014-2015 stage adaptions of Wolf Hall and Bring Up The Bodies respectively. In 2016 he performed at the Orange Tree Theatre in Sheppey for which he received The Offie (Off West End Theatre Award) for Best Male Performance.

Ramm plays Sergeant Brunswick in the BBC Radio 4 comedy drama series Inspector Steine. In March 2022, he appeared in an episode of the BBC soap opera Doctors as Bix Banton.

External links

John Ramm at Chichester Festival Theatre

References

Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
English male television actors
English male film actors
English male stage actors


text:
Clan Ewen of Otter (), was a Scottish clan which once controlled the area around Kilfinan on the Cowal peninsula in Argyll.

Origin
Clan Ewen of Otter claimed descent from Donnsleibhe, who was said to be a descendant of an Irish prince of the O'Neill dynasty named Ánrothán Ua Néill, who left Ireland for Kintyre in the 11th century. He was a son of Áed, son of Flaithbertach Ua Néill, King of Ailech and Cenél nEógain, died 1036. There are several other Argyll clans which claim a descent from this prince—Clan Lamont, Clan Maclachlan, Clan MacNeil of Barra, and also the MacSweens who left Scotland to settle in Ireland in the 14th century. From this descent, these clans claim a further descent from the legendary Niall Noigíallach, High King of Ireland, who lived from the mid 4th century to the early 5th century.

The only genealogy to survive regarding Clan Ewen of Otter, is the so-called MS 1467, now held in the National Library of Scotland. The Gaelic manuscript was written in 1467 and contains the genealogies of many Scottish clans. Unfortunately the MacEwen genealogy is practically unreadable in places. The MS 1467 was uncovered by W. F. Skene in the early 19th century, who transcribed and translated it. The following is his translated transcription for the MacEwens of Otter:

Contradicting Skene's transcription (above), Niall Campbell, 10th Duke of Argyll, considered the MacEwens of Otter as a branch of the MacSweens, and thus descended from Dugald, son of Suibne (who is thought to have left his name to one of the oldest stone castles in Scotland—Castle Sween).
Another origin suggested by earlier writers posited descent from the 13th-century Ewen Mac Dunslebhe, whose brother Fearchar is the ancestor of Clan Lamont.

However, there is no obvious reason to doubt that the clan took its name from the Ewen listed in the genealogy of MS1467 above. This would date the foundation of the Clan Ewen of Otter to the first half of the fourteenth century.

History
The chiefs of the clan lived at Otter, on Loch Fyne. Their castle, 'MacEwen Castle' was located on the rocky shore of the loch, near Kilfinan. Ruins of the castle are still present in the area.

In March 1432, Swene MacEwen resigned his title to the Barony of Otter to his feudal lord, King James. The king restored Swene to his title, but designated Gillespie Campbell (heir to Duncan Campbell of Lochow) as heir to the Barony of Otter. When Swene died in 1493, the barony passed into the hands of the Campbells.

Since the death of Swene the line of chiefs of the MacEwens of Otter has been untraced, however according to tradition, a MacEwen clan arrived in the earldom of Lennox "under a chieftain of their own" during the fifteenth century; the same tradition, which refers to a new banner, suggests that the clan chief was granted arms by Mary Queen of Scots at some time before her defeat at The Battle of Langside in 1568.

Castles

Castle MacEwen, also known as Castle Ewen and Caisteal Mhic Eoghainn, is a mile north-west of Kilfinan, in Cowal, Argyll. It was the stronghold of the MacEwens of Otter. The old castle reused the site of an Iron Age dun, and is today marked by a cairn. The castle was excavated in the 1960s.
Ballimore which was three miles north east of Kilfinan, Cowal, Argyll was also held by the MacEwens of Otter and was lost at the same time as Castle MacEwen. There is now a steep sided motte and on the summit are two burial enclosures of the Campbells of Otter that date from the nineteenth century.

See also
Clan Ewing

References

External links
Clan Ewen website
Clan Ewing website

Scottish clans
Armigerous clans


text:
A Woman Needs Love is a 1981 album by American band Raydio, led by guitarist singer/songwriter Ray Parker Jr. Released by Arista Records on April 11, 1981, this is the fourth and final album by the band.

History
It again includes eight tracks, but this time, all of them were written and produced by Parker himself. The album, released in 1981, gave Raydio their biggest pop hit in the form of the title track, which peaked at number 4 on the pop charts. It also reached number 1 on the R&B charts and number 11 on the Adult Contemporary charts. It was followed by two more singles; "That Old Song" (21 pop, 26 R&B, 7 AC) and "It's Your Night" (73 R&B). The album itself peaked at number 13 and was certified gold by the RIAA. "Still in the Groove" is a sequel to the previous album's "For Those Who Like to Groove".

Track listing
All songs written by Ray Parker Jr.
"A Woman Needs Love (Just Like You Do)" – 4:07
"It's Your Night" – 6:39
"That Old Song" – 4:25
"All In the Way You Get Down" – 3:55
"You Can't Fight What You Feel" – 5:48
"Old Pro" – 4:45
"Still In The Groove" – 6:21
"So Into You" – 4:29

Personnel

Raydio
Arnell Carmichael –  vocals
Ray Parker Jr. – vocals, guitars, bass, synthesizer, piano, drums
Larry Tolbert – drums

Additional personnel
Jack Ashford – tambourine
Michael Boddicker – synthesizers
Ollie E. Brown – drums, percussion
Jesse Erlich – cello
Henry Ferber – violin
Kenny Flood – flute
Charles Green – wind instruments
Paula Hochhalter – cello
Paul Jackson Jr. – guitars
Marvin Limonick – violin
Gareth Nuttycombe – viola
Gene Page – steel pan
Don Palmer – violin
Sylvester Rivers – piano, synthesizers
David Schwartz –  viola
Marshall Sosson – violin
Bob Sushell – violin

Production
Written, Arranged, Produced & Mixed By Ray Parker Jr.
Engineers: Reginald Dozier, Ray Parker Jr.
Assistant Engineer: Al Ramirez
Mastering: Bernie Grundman

Charts

Weekly charts

Year-end charts

Singles

See also
List of number-one R&B albums of 1981 (U.S.)

References

External links
 A Woman Needs Love at Discogs

1981 albums
Arista Records albums
Raydio albums
Albums produced by Ray Parker Jr.


text:
The Bathgate and Coatbridge Railway, also known as the "New Monkland Line", was built by Monkland Railways. It opened on 28 July 1863. The line was absorbed into the Edinburgh and Glasgow Railway on 31 July 1865. The following day (1 August 1865), the line became part of the North British Railway.

Closure
The last regular passenger train along this route between Glasgow and Edinburgh ran on 8 January 1956 (the line henceforth being closed to passengers east of Airdrie). Freight services continued until February 1982, then the line was lifted.

Connections to other lines
At Greenside Junction (between Coatbridge Sunnyside and Coatdyke) to the Monkland and Kirkintilloch Railway
At Brownieside Junction to the Ballochney Railway
At Westcraigs to the Shotts branch of Wilsontown, Morningside and Coltness Railway
At Polkemmet Junction to the Wilsontown, Morningside and Coltness Railway

Reopening

The section between Drumgelloch and Bathgate was reopened and electrified in October 2010, thus linking the current North Clyde Line with the Edinburgh to Bathgate Line. Work to reopen the line started with a sod cutting ceremony in June 2007.

References

 Airdrie-Bathgate Rail Link

North British Railway
Railway lines opened in 1863
Railway companies disestablished in 1865
Coatbridge
Bathgate


text:
Station Wąsosz Konecki is een spoorwegstation in de Poolse plaats Wąsosz.

Wąsosz Konecki


text:
Mutiny Within é uma banda de metalcore formada em 2002 na cidade de Edison, Nova Jérsei.

Em 2010, seu álbum Mutiny Within alcançou o 1.º lugar na Billboard 200.

Integrantes

Membros atuais
 Chris Clancy – vocal
 Andrew Jacobs – baixo, vocal de apoio
 Brandon Jacobs – guitarra
 Daniel Bage – guitarra
 Drew Stavola – teclado

Ex-membros
 Bill Fore – bateria
 Chad Anthony – bateria

Discografia
Demos
 2006: Mutiny Demo
 2006: Audition Demo

Álbuns de estúdio
 2010: Mutiny Within
 2013: Synchronicity
 2017: Origins

Ligações externas
 Site oficial

Bandas de Nova Jérsei
Bandas de metalcore
Bandas de death metal melódico
Bandas formadas em 2002
Mutiny Within


text:
Cape South () or formerly known as Cape Silat is the southernmost point on the island of Kalimantan (also known as Borneo), at . Administratively it is part of South Kalimantan province of Indonesia. Once this whole region was a swamp, but the land area north of the cape is being cleared for rubber plantations and grazing for cattle. The sediment along the coast is from the Barito River to the north and from small streams near the tip of the cape where land has been cleared. The forested hills of the southern Besar Range are visible along the south-eastern coast midway between the upper center and upper right of the image.

Selatan
South Kalimantan


text:
Рудица — река в России, протекает по Ленинградской области, впадает в Лопухинку.

Примечания

Бассейн Ковашей
Реки Ленинградской области


text:
Das Departamento del Vaupés ist ein Departamento im Südosten Kolumbiens.
Es grenzt im Osten an Brasilien, im Süden an das Departamento Amazonas, an Caquetá im Westen und nördlich liegen Guaviare und Guainía.

Landwirtschaft und Rinderhaltung sind die wirtschaftlichen Standbeine der Region. Es werden Mais, Yuca, Kochbananen, Reis, Kakao und Süßkartoffeln auf minderwertigen Böden angebaut. Weiterhin spielen Jagd, Fischfang, Bergbau und die Holzgewinnung eine wichtige Rolle.

Sehenswert sind die Stromschnellen Jirijirimo des Flusses Río Apaporis.

Administrative Unterteilung
Das Departamento del Vaupés besteht aus drei Gemeinden (Municipios) (CM) und drei Ämtern (CD). Die Ämter sind durch das Fehlen städtischer Strukturen gekennzeichnet. Im Folgenden verzeichnet sind alle Gemeinden und Ämter mit ihrer Gesamteinwohnerzahl sowie der Einwohnerzahl für Gemeindekern und ländlichen Bereich aus der Volkszählung des kolumbianischen Statistikamtes DANE aus dem Jahr 2018, hochgerechnet für das Jahr 2022.

Einzelnachweise

Kolumbianisches Departamento


text:
Nactus vankampeni är en ödleart som beskrevs av  Leo Daniël Brongersma 1933. Nactus vankampeni ingår i släktet Nactus och familjen geckoödlor. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.

Källor

Geckoödlor
vankampeni


text:
Alan Hale, Jr (eg. Alan Hale Mackahan), född 8 mars 1921 i Los Angeles i Kalifornien, död 2 januari 1990 i Los Angeles, var en amerikansk skådespelare. Han är mest känd för sin roll som Jonas 'The Skipper' Grumby i TV-serien Gilligan's Island.

Biografi

Uppväxt och tidig karriär
Alans föräldrar hette Alan Hale, Sr och Gretchen Hartman, och båda hade framgångsrika karriärer som skådespelare. Alan Hale, Jr medverkade i sina första filmer redan som spädbarn.

Under Andra världskriget tog Alan värvning i USA:s kustbevakning, och när hans pappa dog år 1950 så slutade Alan att använda Junior i sitt namn.

Under slutet av 1940-talet och början av 1950-talet medverkade han flitigt i The Gene Autry Show på TV, samt i många av Gene Autrys filmer. Han medverkade även i många andra TV-serier under 50-talet, exempelvis Frontier och Casey Jones. Därefter medverkade han i många deckarserier på TV.

Gilligan's Island
Trots att han är mest känd för att medverka i komedier, så började han inte förknippas med komedier förrän år 1964 då han spelade en av huvugrollerna i komediserien Gilligan's Island. Efter att Gilligan's Island lagts ner, så blev det svårt för Hale att få nya roller, vilket ledde till att han ofta drabbades av ekonomiska problem under långa perioder. Det var han inte ensam om, då de övriga skådespelarna från serien också hade svårt att få nya roller efter att serien lagts ner. Rollen som The Skipper spelar han även i filmen Rescue from Gilligan's Island och i de tecknade serierna The New Adventures of Gilligan och Gilligan's Planet.

Senare karriär
År 1968 medverkade han i TV-serien The Good Guys tillsammans med sin vän och kollega Bob Denver (som också medverkade i Gilligan's Island). Han gästspelade även i tre avsnitt av Fantasy Island.

När Hale insåg att hans karriär som skådespelare började nå sitt slut, så bestämde han sig för att börja leta efter ett annat arbete. Han öppnade en restaurang, Alan Hale's Lobster Barrow, i West Hollywood. Han var delägare i restaurangen, och han välkomnade ofta sina gäster utklädd till karaktären Jonas 'The Skipper' Grumby (som han spelade i Gilligan's Island).

Senare i livet
Hale älskade barn. När han låg döende i cancer, så fick han höra att det låg ett sjukt barn på samma sjukhus som älskade Gilligan's Island. Han besökte pojken och sa "The Skipper is here, son, everything is going to be all right" (Skipper är här, pojke, allting kommer att ordna sig). Hale vägde ganska mycket då han medverkade i Gilligan's Island, och nu hade han tappat många kilon på grund av sin sjukdom. Pojken lade märke till detta och ifrågasatte om han verkligen var Alan Hale. Hale ville inte uppröra pojken genom att berätta sanningen, så därför ljög han ihop att det skulle göras en nyinspelning av Gilligan's Island och att han skulle spela Gilligan i den nya versionen.

Död
Alan Hale dog av cancer den 2 januari 1990. Han blev 68 år. Han kremerades och askan spreds till havs. Hale var den andre skådespelaren från Gilligan's Island som dog. Jim Backus dog året innan, och Natalie Schafer dog strax efter Hale. Bob Denver dog år 2005.

Filmografi (urval)
 (okrediterad)

 (okrediterad)

Externa länkar

Amerikanska skådespelare under 1900-talet
Amerikanska TV-skådespelare
Skådespelare från Los Angeles
Födda 1921
Avlidna 1990
Män
Personer från Los Angeles
Personer som tjänstgjort i USA:s kustbevakning


text:
Isbrueckerichthys is een geslacht van straalvinnige vissen uit de familie van de harnasmeervallen (Loricariidae).

Soorten
 Isbrueckerichthys duseni (, 1907)
 = Hemipsilichthys duseni , 1907
 = Pareiorhaphis duseni (, 1907)
 Isbrueckerichthys alipionis (, 1947)
 = Pareiorhaphis alipionis , 1947
 Isbrueckerichthys epakmos , 2003
 Isbrueckerichthys calvus , 2006
 Isbrueckerichthys saxicola , 2006

Harnasmeervallen


text:
Обсадата на Алкасар е изключително символична победа на националистите в Толедо в началния етап на Гражданската война в Испания.

Алкасар на Толедо е държан от различни военни сили в полза на националистическото въстание. Милиции на партиите в Народния фронт започват своята обсада на 21 юли 1936 г. Тя приключва на 27 септември с пристигането на Африканската армия под командването на Франсиско Франко.

Предистория
На 17 юли 1936 г. Франсиско Франко започва военния бунт в Испанско Мароко. На 18 юли военният губернатор на провинция Толедо, полковник Москардо, нарежда на гражданската гвардия на провинцията да се концентрира в град Толедо. През 19 и 20 юли са направени различни опити от военното министерство на републиканското правителство да се сдобият с боеприпасите в оръжейната фабрика в Толедо. Всеки път полковник Москардо отказва и е заплашен, че срещу него ще бъде изпратена сила от Мадрид.

Сили
Републиканските сили, изпратени в Толедо, се състоят от приблизително 8 000 души от милициите на Национална конфедерация на труда. Републиканските военновъздушни сили извършват разузнаване, забелязват артилерията и бомбардират Алкасар 35 пъти.

Участници в националистическото въстание са 800 души от гвардията, 6 кадети от Военната академия, 100 войници и 200 цивилни от десните политически партии. Единствените оръжия, които притежават са пушки, няколко стари картечници и няколко ръчни гранати.

Приблизително 670 цивилни (500 жени и 50 деца) са в Алкасар по време на обсадата. Много от тях са членове на семействата на гвардейците, докато други са избягали от настъпващите републикански милиции. На жените не е дадена роля в защитата на Алкасар; не им е позволено дори да готвят или да се грижат за ранените. Присъствието им в Алказар обаче дава на мъжете морален кураж да продължат отбраната. Цивилните са пазени от атаки на републиканците. По време на обсадата се раждат две деца. Едно от родените бебета, което става офицер в испанската армия, е изгонено от армията в края на 70-те години, защото се присъединява към Военния демократичен съюз.

Освен това, десет затворници и около 100-200 заложници (включително жени и деца) са държани от националистите по време на обсадата. Сред заложниците са гражданският управител на провинцията и семейството му.

Символизъм
Алкасар става резиденция на испанските монарси след повторното завоюване на Толедо от маврите, но е изоставен от Филип II и през 18 век е превърнат във военна академия. След пожар през 1886 г. части от Алкасар са подсилени със стоманени и бетонни греди.

Националистите виждат Алкасар като представяне на силата и господството на Испания. Загубата на Алкасар от републиканците ще бъде сериозен удар върху визията и морала на националистите. Толедо е и духовната столица на Испанското вестготско кралство.

Освен фабрика за малки оръжия, Толедо е град без военна стойност за двете страни; националистическите сили там са малки, изолирани, зле оборудвани и не са в състояние да водят настъпателни операции. Републиканското правителство смята, че тъй като гарнизонът е само на 64 километра югозападно от Мадрид и няма да получи незабавна помощ от другите националистически сили, това ще бъде лесна пропагандна победа.

Обсада

21 юли
Прокламация, обявяваща "положение на война", е прочетена от капитан Емилио Вела-Идалго, капитан на кавалерията (и племенник на републиканския генерал Мануел Карденал Доминисис) във Военната академия в 7:00 часа сутринта в Сокодовер, главният площад от Толедо. Дадени са заповеди за "арестуването на добре известни леви активисти" в Толедо, но само директорът на местния затвор е арестуван.

Републиканските войски, изпратени от Мадрид, първо пристигат в болницата на Тавера в покрайнините на Толедо, но пренасочват атаката си към оръжейната фабрика, след като получават силен отпор от болницата. Отряд от 200 гвардейци е разположен в оръжейната фабрика и последват преговори с републиканците. По време на тези разговори гражданската гвардия товари камиони с боеприпаси от фабриката и ги изпраща до Алкасар, преди да евакуира и унищожи фабриката.

22 юли – 13 август
До 22 юли републиканците контролират по-голямата част от Толедо и търсят предаването на Алкасар чрез артилерийски обстрел. По време на обсадата националистите са с пасивна отбрана, като отвръщат на огъня само когато атаката е неизбежна.

Полковник Москардо е извикан по телефона от началника на Работническата милиция, комисар Кандидо Кабельо, сутринта на 23 юли в Толедо и му казва, че ако Алкасар не бъде предаден до десет минути, 24-годишният син на Москардо, Луис, който е заловен по-рано през деня, ще бъде екзекутиран. Полковник Москардо иска да говори със сина си, а той го пита какво трябва да направи. "Предай душата си на Бог", казва той на сина си, "и умри като патриот, викайки "Viva Cristo Rey!" и "Viva España!" Алкасар не се предава." "Това - отговоря синът му - мога да направя." Луис е незабавно разстрелян, противно на слуховете, че той всъщност не е застрелян до месец по-късно "в отмъщение за въздушно нападение".

14 август – 17 септември

На 14 август републиканците променят тактиката, след като смятат, че защитата от северната страна на Алкасар е достатъчно намалена. През следващите пет седмици републиканците атакуват Камарата на военното правителство единадесет пъти, но всеки път са отблъсквани от националистите. След войната Франко награждава посмъртно Гилермо Хуарес де Мария и Есперанса с Orden del Mérito Militar за смелостта му при пробива. Ако републиканците бяха превзели сградата на военното правителство, това би им позволило да струпат голям брой войски само на 37 метра от Алкасар.

Пратеник на републиканците, майор Висенте Рохо, е изпратен при полковник Москардо на 9 септември, за да иска предаването на Алкасар. Това е отказано, но полковник Москардо иска да бъде изпратен свещеник, който да кръсти двете деца, родени по време на обсадата, и също да отслужи литургия.

Васкес Камараса, мадридски проповедник с леви възгледи, е пратен в Алкасар сутринта на 11 септември, за да изпълни това и да издаде общо опрощение на защитниците на Алкасар. Същата вечер майор Рохо се среща с полковник Москардо, за да обсъдят евакуацията на жените и децата. Жените единодушно отговарят, че никога няма да се предадат и ако се наложи ще вземат оръжие за защитата на Алкасар.

Чилийският посланик в Испания, Хосе Рамон Гутиерес, след като научава, че предишните опити за предаване са се провалили, отива на 12 септември, за да осигури предаването на Алкасар. Той не успява да се свърже с полковник Москардо, тъй като телефонните кабели са скъсани миналата нощ от гранати, хвърлени от републиканските милиции, и той не желае да използва други методи за комуникация.

18 септември
От 16 август републиканците копаят две мини до югозападната кула на Алкасар. Сутринта на 18 септември експлозивите в мините са взривени от Франсиско Ларго Кабайеро, унищожавайки напълно югозападната кула и двамата защитници в нея. Приблизително 10 минути след експлозията републиканците предприемат четири атаки срещу Алкасар с помощта на бронирани коли и танкове. Атаките се провалят след решителна защита от страна на националистите, но републиканците отговарят с продължителен артилерийски обстрел на Алкасар през цялата нощ и на следващия ден.

19 – 26 септември
Бомбардировката на отдалечените сгради е толкова силна, че комуникацията между тях и Алкасар става невъзможна. Наредено е изтегляне от сградите и до нощта на 21 септември гарнизоните са съсредоточени в това, което е останало от Алкасар. Републиканците атакуват отдалечените сгради сутринта на 22 септември, но напредъкът е бавен, защото те не знаят, че сградите са изоставени.

В 5:00 часа сутринта на 23 септември републиканците нападат северните пробиви на Алкасар и изненадват защитниците, като хвърлят гранати и динамит. Националистите от тази страна са прогонени в двора на Алкасар.

По-късно сутринта е организирано ново нападение, този път водено от танк. Вълна след вълна от републикански войници атакуват пробивите, но след 45 минути атаката е спряна и отстъпват.

Подкрепление
Първият знак за настъпваща националистическа колона е на 22 август, когато самолет, изпратен от Франко, качва сандък с храна в Алкасар заедно със съобщение до защитниците, че Африканската армия е на път да подкрепи гарнизона. До 26 септември колоните на националистите достигат село Баргас, на 6 километра северно от Толедо.

Позицията на републиканците в Толедо става отчайваща и на сутринта на 27 септември те предприемат последно нападение срещу Алкасар. Атаката е отблъсната и малко след това националистите се спускат от Баргас, за да прекратят обсадата. След пристигането на основните националистически сили, повечето от републиканските войски се отстъпват към Аранхуес.

Последици

Символичната стойност на Алкасар нараства с течение на седмиците и републиканците хвърлят крайно необходимите хора, артилерия и оръжия за превземането на крепостта (вместо да ги използват, за да се изправят срещу северното настъпление на Франко през Западна Испания). Пресата е поканена от републиканското правителство да стане свидетел на експлозията на мините и щурмуването на Алкасар на 18 септември, когато самият министър-председател Франсиско Ларго Кабайеро детонира мината, но едва на 29 септември пресата влиза в Алкасар, този път по покана на националистите, превръщайки цялата афера в огромна пропагандна победа за тях, подкопавайки републиканския морал.

Решението на Франко да освободи защитниците на Алкасар е противоречиво по онова време. Много от неговите съветници смятат, че той трябва да продължи напредването към Мадрид, защото обсадителите на Алкасар ще бъдат извикани в Мадрид за неговата защита. Франко обаче смята, че пропагандната стойност на Алкасар е по-важна и нарежда на армията от Африка да го освободи. Наистина, когато Франко пристига в Алкасар ден след освобождаването му, той е посрещнат от Москардо, който заявява: "Няма повече новини в Алкасар, мой генерале. Давам ви го унищожен, но със запазена чест". Два дни след освобождаването на Алкасар, Франко е провъзгласен за генералисимус и през октомври е обявен за държавен глава.

Историята на обсадата е много интересна за чуждестранните поддръжници на Франко, които прочитат няколко книги, публикувани на чужди езици, и се стремят да се срещнат с Москардо, когато посещават следвоенна Испания. През декември 1936 г. делегация на румънската Желязна гвардия, водена от Йон Моца и Василе Марин, подарява церемониален меч на оцелелите от обсадата и обявява съюза на тяхното движение с испанските националисти.

Източници

Литература
Eby, Cecil D. The Siege of the Alcazar. New York: Random House, 1965.
Moss, Geoffrey MacNeill. The Siege of the Alcázar: A History of the Siege of the Toledo Alcázar, 1936. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1937. . Moss arrived in Toledo three weeks after the end of the siege and stayed for three months, interviewing survivors and checking reports by Moscardó and the internal newspaper. It was re-published and translated several times. While Moss admires the defenders, he is careful in distinguishing his conjectures from oral reports.
Thomas, Hugh. The Spanish Civil War. New York: Harper & Brothers, 1961.

Външни препратки
 Снимки от обсадата

Битки от Гражданската война в Испания
1936 година


text:
NGC 1253A is een balkspiraalstelsel in het sterrenbeeld Eridanus.

Synoniemen
 PGC 12053
 MCG 1-9-19
 DDO 31
 VV 587
 Arp 279
 IRAS 03118-0259

Zie ook
Lijst van NGC-objecten

Externe links
  NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database
  SIMBAD Astronomical Database
  SEDS

NGC-object in Eridanus
Sterrenstelsel in Eridanus


text:
Ruins of Empires treći je studijski album kanadskog simfonijskog death metal-sastava Aeternam. Sastav je samostalno objavio album 10. veljače 2017. godine.

Popis pjesama

Osoblje
Aeternam
 Maxime Boucher – zborski vokali, bas-gitara
 Achraf Loudiy – vokali, zborski vokali, gitara
 Antoine Guertin – vokali, bubnjevi, udaraljke, glazbeni uzorci, produkcija orkestracije
Dodatni glazbenici
 Jef Fortin – dodatna gitara, produkcija, snimanje, miksanje, mastering
 Fred Leduc – tenor vokal (na pjesmi 1), zborski vokali
 Fanny Grenier – sopran vokal (na pjesmama 2 i 4), zborski vokali
 Marie-Christine Roy – erhu (na pjesmi 4)
 Hind Fazazi – vokali (na pjesmi 7)
 Annabelle Doucet – zborski vokali
 Chantale Grenier – zborski vokali
 Geneviève Laurin – zborski vokali
 Isabelle Lefrançois – zborski vokali
 Gabriel Giguere – zborski vokali
Ostalo osoblje
 David Lizotte – snimanje (zbora i erhua)
 Le Metallum – logotip
 Pascal Laquerre – naslovnica, ilustracije, raspored ilustracija
 Alexis BC – fotografija

Izvori

Kanadski glazbeni albumi
Albumi iz 2017.


text:
Plantagen, , är ett nordiskt företag i växtbranschen. Företaget har över 120 butiker i Norge, Sverige och Finland. Företaget har fler än 1.300 medarbetare och en årsomsättning på över 4,2 miljarder SEK.

Historia
Den första Plantagen butiken öppnades 1986 i Norge. År 2001 köpte Investor-bolaget EQT Plantagen i Norge, eller som det heter i Norge, Plantasjen. I Sverige bildades Plantagen genom att EQT 2002 köpte den svenska handelsträdgårdskedjan Växus, som med det bytte namn den 14 mars 2002 till Plantagen. Vidare hade även BP-plantor i Askim, Göteborg, förvärvats och profilerats om till Plantagen i februari 2002. Den 14 mars 2002 öppnade Plantagen Sveriges då största gardencenter i Uppsala. När Plantagengruppen inledde sin expansion 2002 i Norden hade man inledningsvis 20 butiker i Norge och 11 i Sverige. I december 2006 blev det offentligt att EQT sålde kedjan till riskkapitalbolaget Apax Partners. År 2006 hade antalet butiker vuxit till 72 butiker i Norge, Sverige och Finland, sedan 2002. Under hösten 2016 sålde Apax hela sitt innehav i Plantagen till investeringsbolaget Ratos. Antalet butiker hade då vuxit till 124 butiker i Norge, Sverige och Finland.

I maj 2020 blev Nina Jönsson VD för Plantagen.

VD
2013–2017: Jon Abrahamsson Ring
2017–2018: Daniel Julin
2018–2019: Christer Åberg (tillförordnad vd)
2019–2020: Olav Thorstad
2020–2022: Nina Jönsson
2022-idag: Jesper Lien

Referenser

Noter

Externa länkar
 Officiell webbplats

Företag bildade 1986
Svenska butikskedjor
Norska butikskedjor


text:
Bandar Tinggi (Bilah Hulu), een plaats in Indonesië
Bandar Tinggi (Bandar Masilam), een plaats in Indonesië


text:
was a Japanese judoka. He won a gold medal in the heavyweight division (above 80 kg) at the 1964 Summer Olympics in Tokyo and a world title in 1965.

Early life and education
Inokuma was born in Yokosuka, Kanagawa, and took judo at age 15. He entered the Tokyo University of Education (current University of Tsukuba) and won the All-Japan Judo Championships in 1959 at only 21 years of age, to become the first student competitor to win the championship. He placed second in the All-Japan Championships in 1960 and 1961, both times losing to the future Olympic silver medalist and lifelong friend Akio Kaminaga.

Career
Inokuma won the 1963 All-Japan Championships, but placed 4th in the 1964 All-Japan Championships and ended up entering the 1964 Summer Olympics in the +80 kg division (the heaviest weight category at the time excluding the open category). His main rivals there were Canadian Doug Rogers, who trained with Inokuma in Japan, and Georgian Anzor Kiknadze, who nearly defeated Inokuma in 1961 using sambo armlock techniques. Inokuma faced Kiknadze in the semifinals. He managed to avoid the armlocks and threw Kiknadze at the five minute to advance to the final against Rogers, who was about 30 kg heavier. In the final little happened in the first 10 minutes, and the referee, Charles Palmer threatened to disqualify both, with little effect. Inokuma was awarded the gold for a slightly higher activity.

After graduating, Inokuma became a judo instructor for Juntendo University and the Tokyo Metropolitan Police Department. In 1965, he entered the Open weight class of the World Judo Championships intending to wrestle Dutch judo champion Anton Geesink, but Geesink went to the +80 kg division that year, and the two never faced off against one another. Both Geesink and Inokuma won gold medals in the competition, and Inokuma announced his retirement shortly afterwards, citing lack of motivation.

Later life and death
In 1966, he resigned from his post at the Tokyo Police Department to become an executive at the Tokai Construction company (東海建設株式会社). He continued to work with judo as an advisor for the International Judo Federation, and as an instructor at Tokai University, where he coached future Olympic gold medalist Yasuhiro Yamashita. He also authored several books and manuals on judo. He became the CEO of  Tokai Construction   in 1993.

Inokuma died by suicide by seppuku in 2001, possibly due to  financial losses suffered by his company.

References

External links

1938 births
2001 suicides
Academic staff of Tokai University
Japanese chief executives
Japanese male judoka
Judoka at the 1964 Summer Olympics
Olympic judoka of Japan
Olympic gold medalists for Japan
Olympic medalists in judo
People from Yokosuka, Kanagawa
Seppuku from Meiji period to present
World judo champions
Suicides by sharp instrument in Japan
Medalists at the 1964 Summer Olympics
20th-century Japanese people
21st-century Japanese people


text:
Franz Pless (* 10. Oktober 1819 in Hohenstein bei Graupen, Königreich Böhmen, Kaisertum Österreich; † 10. Mai 1905 in Graz, Österreich-Ungarn) war ein böhmisch-österreichischer Chemiker und Philanthrop.

Leben

Kindheit und Jugend in Böhmen
Franz Pless wurde am 10. Oktober 1819 in der zu Graupen, heute Krupka, gehörenden Ortschaft Hohenstein, heute Unčín, in der Nähe des Wallfahrtsortes Mariaschein am Fuße des Erzgebirges und nahe den Schlachtfeldern von Kulm als Sohn eines Landschaftsarchitekten geboren. Durch manche Verluste und ihren Wohltätigkeitssinn waren seine Eltern genötigt strenger zu wirtschaften, damit das geringe Einkommen des Gewerbes und einer kleinen Landwirtschaft ausreichte, um ihn und seine sieben Geschwister zu erziehen. Mit zwölf Jahren kam er ans Internat des Gymnasiums in Leitmeritz und noch in jungen Jahren wurde seine Leidenschaft für die Naturwissenschaften durch die in der Nähe der Heimat befindlichen Bergwerke geweckt. Da es in der Gymnasiumsbibliothek keine Bücher darüber gab, legte er sich autodidaktisch eine Mineraliensammlung zu und ließ sich Schuberts Naturgeschichte aus Dresden schicken. In weiterer Folge besuchte er die Karls-Universität in Prag, wo er vor allem unter den Professoren Franz Serafin Exner und Ferdinand Heßler studierte. Nach der Absolvierung der philosophischen Studien in Prag trat er als Novize in den ritterlichen Kreuzherren-Orden ein. Dabei erlangte er von dessen Großmeister die Zusage, dass er sich für eine Professur der Naturwissenschaften dürfe. Diese Zusage wurde jedoch vom bald darauf nachfolgenden neuen Großmeister wieder zurückgenommen, da dieser meinte, dass sich Pless einer theologischen Professur zuwenden solle.

Erste Professur in Prag nach erfolgreichem Studium
Nach zwei Jahren verließ er den Orden aufgrund dieser Unstimmigkeiten wieder, um zunächst als Erzieher die Vollendung seiner Studien möglich zu machen, woraufhin er sich dem Studium der Chemie im Laboratorium von Josef Redtenbacher in Prag widmete. Redtenbacher war eben erst von Justus von Liebig aus Dresden angereist, nachdem er in Abwesenheit zum Professor der Chemie an der Universität Prag berufen wurde. In Prag eröffnete er Redtenbacher den ersten Unterricht in der neueren Chemie und besonders der analytischen Chemie im damaligen Österreich (Kaisertum Österreich). Während dieses Studiums in Prag publizierte Pless auch seine ersten Arbeiten aus dem Gebiet der Chemie. Im Jahre 1846 erfolgte die Ernennung zum Assistenten des Professors für Chemie am Joanneum in Graz, Johann Gottlieb, wobei er im folgenden Jahr auch Vorträge über technische Physik am besagten Joanneum, das zu dieser Zeit zu einer polytechnischen Lehranstalt erweitert und vor allem durch Erzherzog Johann in generöser Weise ausgestattet wurde, hielt. Die Herstellung der Lehrmittelsammlung für die beiden Lehrkanzeln der Chemie und der Physik nahm nahezu seine ganze Kraft in Anspruch. Ebenso die Vorarbeiten für chemische und physikalische Untersuchungen zum Beispiel über Piperin, Poarponiumöl, Einwirkung der Salpetersäure auf Kohlehydrate, nachdem er die richtige Formel für die Schießbaumwolle aufgestellt hatte. Weiters hatte er in dieser Zeit Arbeiten über die Ultraviolettstrahlung und die Empfänglichkeit der Netzhaut dafür und anderes.

Wenige Tage nachdem Léon Foucault im Keller seines Pariser Hauses den Versuch des nach ihm benannten Foucaultsches Pendels durchgeführt hatte, konnte Pless diesen Versuch zuerst in Deutschland und wenig später auch in Österreich, am Joanneum, zur Anschauung bringen. Am 26. August 1851 wurde Pless zum Professor der Chemie an der Universität Lemberg ernannt, wo er ein großes Tätigkeitsfeld vorfand, da der Ackerbau, das Gewerbe, die Industrie, wie auch der Unterricht noch auf einer niedrigen Stufe waren und der Handel zumeist in den Händen der hier zahlreich ansässigen armen Israeliten war, wobei er in allen Bereichen Anregungen machen konnte. Nachdem er ein chemisches Laboratorium eingerichtet und den pharmazeutischen Lehrkurs begründet hatte, was aufgrund diverser sich dagegenstellender Hindernisse rund eineinhalb Jahre gedauert hatte, behandelte er in weiterer Folge vor allem ökonomische Fragen, um seiner neuen chemischen Lehrkanzel in der Bevölkerung einen festen Boden zu sichern. Hierbei machte er sich unter anderem durch die erste Anregung zur Petroleumgewinnung bei Drohrbicz, der Anregung zur besseren Kohlenausbeutung bei Żółkiew oder der Bekämpfung der Vorurteile gegen Kohlenheizung durch Einführung derselben im Universitätsgebäude und in den Kasernen verdient. Weiters trat er für die Erzeugung von Pottasche, Salpeter und anderen Stoffen und  Salzen ein.

Um Land und Leute kennenzulernen, bereiste er in den Ferien 1852 die östlichen Karpaten, wo er unter anderem nach Poschorita, Kirlibaba und Jakobeny in die Bukowina kam. In Jakobeny traf er im Manz'schen Hochofen, der im frühen 19. Jahrhundert unter der Leitung des Österreichers Karl Manz Ritter von Mariensee entstand, eine Art Thomasieren des Eisens, wobei er beim Untersuchen der Schlacken und Erze Mangan-Braunerz fand, das man in Jakobeny für ein Eisenerz gehalten hatte. In weiterer Folge beschloss Franz Pless diese Tatsache in den folgenden Ferien eingehender zu studieren. Nachdem er im Winter 1852/53 vor allem ein Kollegium über Agrikulturchemie gelesen hatte, fand er Anfang des Jahres 1853 in den Fachblättern zwei Abhandlungen von Auguste André Thomas Cahours und Julius Plücker, die seine Arbeiten über Piperin und die ultraviolette Strahlung fast gänzlich enthielten, wodurch er angeregt wurde, wieder selbst wissenschaftlich in Erscheinung zu treten. Daraufhin begann er eine Arbeit über die Synthese des Nikotions, wodurch er beabsichtigte, eine Lücken zwischen den Alkaloiden und den homologen Säuren auszufüllen.

Der folgenschwere Unfall
Bei einem Versuch am 12. März 1853, bei dem er Valerianäther mit Ammoniakflüssigkeit behandelt hatte, um Valeramid herzustellen, erblindete Pless vollständig. Nachdem er bereits einen Tag zuvor einen solchen Versuch durchgeführt hatte, versuchte er diesmal mit langsamer Erhitzung zum erhofften Ergebnis zu kommen. Aufgrund eines Siedeverzugs, der zur damaligen Zeit noch nicht erforscht war, kam es zu einer Explosion der Ammoniakflüssigkeit, bei der die Glasretorte zerstäubt und die Flüssigkeit auf sein rechtes Auge geschleudert wurde, die daraufhin sein ganzes Gesicht bis in die Mundhöhle überströmte. Bei diesem Unfall wurde die Linse seines rechten Auges zerdrückt und das linke Auge durch die heiße und ätzende Flüssigkeit gebrannt und geätzt. Danach fesselte ihn auch noch eine Gehirnhautentzündung wochenlang ans Krankenbett, wobei er in dieser Zeit als Hochschullehrer durch Professor Gustav Wolf vertreten wurde, ehe er 1856 gänzlich vom Steirer Leopold von Pebal abgelöst wurde. Auch nach der langsamen Genesung musste er seine angestrengten Geistesarbeiten weitgehend zurücklegen. Noch im Jahr 1855 gelang es ihm, die "Kohlenfrage" zum Abschluss zu bringen, was vor allem in dem strengen Winter 1855 geschätzt wurde, als die Holzpreise in Lemberg stark gestiegen waren und mit der Kohle eine akzeptable Alternative gefunden wurde.

Trotz Erblindung, voller Tatendrang
Mit Hilfe seines Freundes Franz Gatscher, der damals als Professor der gerichtlichen Medizin in Lemberg wirkte, gelang es ihm, bei der Choleraepidemie von 1855 drei Seuchenherde aus der Stadt zu entfernen. Dies gelang durch die Anbahnung eines besseren Kanalsystems, die Schließung des jüdischen Friedhofs, aus dem eine Quelle mit Leichengeruch floss, und durch die Regulierung des israelitischen Kleinmarktes auf dem Krakowskiplatz, im Judenviertel Lembergs. Während dieser Zeit wandte er auch Schwefelsäure gegen Cholera an, was er an 20 Familien erprobte, wobei er durch seine Gattin Marie (geborene Seelig) unterstützt wurde. Zum Zeitpunkt des Unfalls, bei dem er erblindete, war er gerade mit Marie verlobt gewesen und heiratete sie in weiterer Folge im Jahre 1854. Als im Juni 1855 Kaiser Franz Joseph erstmals das Kronland Galizien und dessen Hauptstadt besuchte, machte er auch an der Universität halt, wo ihm die dortigen Lehrkörper vorstellt wurden. Bei der Vorstellung, bei der auch Pless zugegen war, machte der Statthalter eine Bemerkung, dass Pless wegen zu kurzer Dienstzeit keinen Anspruch auf Pension hätte, woraufhin sich der Kaiser eigenständig um seine Pensionierung kümmerte. Dabei ließ er sich zuvor von Pless zeigen, wie es zu dieser verheerenden Explosion gekommen war. Eine Woche nach seinem Besuch erhielt Pless vom damaligen Minister für Cultus und Unterricht, Leo von Thun und Hohenstein, ein Telegramm, in dem stand, dass Kaiser Franz Joseph seine Pensionierung mit vollem Gehalt (damals noch 1.000 Konventionsgulden (fl. C. M.) für einen Universitätsprofessor) unterzeichnet hatte.

In seiner Existenz sichergestellt, begann er wieder an neuen Versuchen zu arbeiten und hoffte, zumindest am linken Auge, wieder etwas an Augenlicht zu gewinnen. Im Jahr 1856 trat er mit dem Postwagen die Reise über Krakau in seine Heimat an, ehe er ein halbes Jahr später nach Wien reiste, wohin sein Freund und Landsmann Ferdinand von Arlt, von Prag kommend, übersiedelt war. Der Chirurg und Augenarzt wollte ihm durch einen Pupillenausschnitt wieder zu einem wenigstens schwachen Sehen verhelfen; die  im darauffolgenden Jahr brachte jedoch nicht das erhoffte Ergebnis. Einzig hatte er mehr objektive Lichtempfindung gewonnen, was ihm jedoch auch nicht zum Sehen verhalf. Neben Ferdinand von Arlt war mit Albrecht von Graefe auch noch ein zweiter populärer Augenarzt dieser Zeit um die Behandlung von Franz Pless bemüht. Während seiner Zeit in Wien führte Pless auch weitere Versuche durch und testete dabei unter anderem die antiseptischen Wirkungen der Schwefelsäure auf den Kartoffelpilz und hatte seine Arbeiten auch auf andere Lebensmittel ausgedehnt. Ein Teil der daraus entstandenen Resultate, wie etwa über die Desinfektion von Wohnungen, Kellerräumen, Stallungen usw., wurde in einer Broschüre mit einer Auflage von mehreren tausend Stück abgedruckt. Diese sendete er an die Teilnehmer seines Patentes über die Bekämpfung der Kartoffelkrankheit. Ein weiteres Patent hatte er über die Abdampfung von oben bei Salzlösungen, wie etwa von Salzsole, Soda, Pottasche und Ammoniaklösungen. Letztgenanntes Patent fand kaum zu einer Verwendung und war eigentlich nur für eine billige Verwertung von Salzsole und Mutterlauge gedacht.

Anträge im österreichischen Parlament
Weiters arbeitete er in dieser Zeit auch im Journal seines Freundes Ferdinand Stamm mit und veröffentlichte im Journal Die neuesten Erfindungen verschiedene Versuche über die Verwendung des Kochsalzes, die er zuvor ausgeführt hatte. Durch Stamm, der neben seiner Tätigkeit als Schriftsteller und Journalist, auch in der Politik aktiv war, veranlasste Pless im ersten österreichischen Parlament, das gerade erst als Reichsrat gegründet wurde, einen Antrag auf Aufhebung des Salzmonopols einzubringen. Dieser Antrag fiel jedoch durch eine Minderheit von zwei Stimmen, jedoch hatte der damalige Finanzminister Ignaz von Plener seine Anträge zustimmend angenommen und versprach diese im Laufe der Zeit durchzuführen. Von seinen eingebrachten Anträgen wurde in weiterer Folge jedoch nur einer durchgebracht, nämlich die möglichst weite Versendung des Meersalzes. Ein zweiter Antrag betreffend den Verkauf von Salzsohlen in der Umgebung der Salzquellen wurde nur auf den Gütern des Lemberger Erzbischofes ausgeführt und fand keine Anwendung im übrigen Kaisertum. Seine restlichen Anträge wurden, nachdem das bisherige Ministerium, dem von Plener noch angehörte, durch ein neues ersetzt wurde, nicht weiter beachtet. Zudem hatte er weitere Patente in Planung, dabei eines über Heizöfen und ein weiteres über Ringöfen für Ziegel und Tonwaren, die er jedoch fallen ließ, da er als Erfahrung wusste, dass er als Blinder seine Patentrechte nicht wahren konnte.

Übersiedelung nach Graz
Danach machte er diverse weitere Versuche, unter anderem über trockene Häuser und Wohnräume und brachte Vorschläge, wie das Ausheizen von Neubauten, ein, die noch Jahrzehnte später zum Tragen kamen. Zudem wurden viele seiner verfassten Artikel in englischen und amerikanischen Fachblättern abgedruckt. Da er sich in Wien von einer Typhuserkrankung nicht sonderlich erholen konnte, zog er im Jahre 1862 in das für ihn "gesunde" Graz in die Steiermark, wo er mit Johann Gottlieb, unter dem er einst bereits als Assistent tätig war, Hofrat Eduard Krischek, Regierungsrat Ernst Mach, dem bereits genannten Leopold von Pebal oder Hofrat J. M. Rozsek befreundet war. Zu seinem Freundeskreis gehörte auch der spätere Grazer Bürgermeister Wilhelm Kienzl mit dessen Familie. Im Jahre 1864 erschien seine letzte wissenschaftliche Arbeit über das Lösungsgesetz und über Explosionen durch Siedeverzug in den Schriften der Wiener Akademie der Wissenschaften. Diese trug den Titel Über das Lösungsgesetz und das Sieden der Flüssigkeiten und über Dampfexplosionen. Seine Gesundheit verbesserte sich vor allem, nachdem er im Jahre 1868 einen kleinen Besitz in Pößnitz bei Marburg an der Drau erworben hatte, wo er Weinbau, Obst- und Wiesenkultur mit gutem Erfolg betrieb und hier viel Zeit verbrachte. Auch eine angeschlossene Baumschule besorgte er selbst. Nachdem jedoch seine Gattin erkrankte, musste er diesen Besitz wieder aufgeben; im Jahre 1872 verstarb Marie Pless.

Wirken im Kindergartenwesen und die letzten Jahre
In dieser Zeit brachte er auch einige Arbeiten über Wein- und Obstbau ein, wobei unter anderem ein Artikel Über die Bedeutung der Geflügelzucht in der Bodenkultur in der Wiener Geflügelzeitung erschien. Zwei Jahre nach dem Tod seiner Ehefrau hatte er mit Sophia Edle von Scherer eine neue Lebensgefährtin an seiner Seite. Da von Scherer zuvor im Kindergartenwesen aktiv war, wurde das Paar eingeladen in den Vorstand des Grazer Kindergartenvereines einzutreten. Daraufhin widmete sich das Paar größtenteils der geschäftlichen und pädagogischen Pflege von acht verschiedenen Kindergärten. Als Anhänger Pestalozzis und Fröbels wandte er deren Praktiken an und machte sich im Kindergartenwesen verdienstvoll. Bereits zu dieser Zeit plädierte er für die dringende Notwendigkeit eines Kindergartens bei jeder Erziehungsanstalt für blinde Kinder, um diese bei der Entwicklung ihrer übrigen Sinne zu unterstützen und diese weiterzuentwickeln. Jahrelang sammelte Pless Material für zwei Schriften, dabei eine für eine Kinderpädagoik und eine über eine Ethik, beide auf naturwissenschaftlicher Grundlage. Beide Arbeiten dürfte er jedoch nicht mehr zum Abschluss gebracht haben und war in den letzten Jahren seines Lebens auch von schweren Verlusten in seinem Einkommen betroffen. Am 10. Mai 1905 verstarb Franz Pless 85-jährig in Graz, wo er fast die gesamten letzten vier Jahrzehnte gelebt hatte. Bis zu seinem Ableben zeigte er ein stets gesundes Äußeres und einen gesunden Geist und wirkte, abgesehen von seinen weißen Haaren, jünger als er wirklich war, was sich auch durch seine aufrechte Körperhaltung und seine Bewegungen zeigte.

Veröffentlichungen (Auswahl)

Literatur

Chemiker (19. Jahrhundert)
Chemiker (20. Jahrhundert)
Hochschullehrer (Technische Universität Graz)
Hochschullehrer (Nationale Iwan-Franko-Universität Lwiw)
Person (Königreich Böhmen)
Person (Kaisertum Österreich)
Person (Cisleithanien)
Geboren 1819
Gestorben 1905
Mann


text:
Antônio Joaquim de Moura Andrade (Brotas, 22 de dezembro de 1889 — São Paulo, 8 de fevereiro de 1962) foi um empresário, fazendeiro e pecuarista brasileiro, fundador de Andradina e de Nova Andradina.

Seu nome de batismo era Antônio Joaquim de Andrade. Adotou o "Moura" em homenagem ao seu sócio a quem muito estimava, e que tinha esse sobrenome. Filho de Joaquim Teodoro de Andrade e Maria Júlia das Dores Andrade, nasceu em família pobre num lugarejo chamado Varjão. Teve  seis irmãs e um irmão. Entre eles, Octávio Moura Andrade, fundador de Águas de São Pedro. Era pai do senador Auro Soares de Moura Andrade.

Fundador de cidades e empresário, criou o Frigorifico Mouran além de inúmeras outras empresas. Começou a vida como escriturário, foi comprador de grãos, comerciante de café e considerado o maior pecuarista do Brasil entre os anos 30 e 60, o que lhe valeu a alcunha de "rei do gado".

Sempre que ia a uma de suas fazendas na cidade paulista de Bebedouro, visitava a Santa Casa de Misericórdia para fazer doações. Ele doou uma valiosa tela para o acervo do MASP, em sua inauguração.

Foi homenageado na música "Rei do Gado", de Teddy Vieira, que dá título ao álbum Rei do Gado, lançado em 1961 pela dupla sertaneja Tião Carreiro & Pardinho. A música foi gravada por outros artistas do gênero, como Tonico & Tinoco.

Proprietários rurais de São Paulo
Empresários do estado de São Paulo
Naturais de Brotas (São Paulo)


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The 1988 Grand National (officially known as the Seagram Grand National for sponsorship reasons) was the 142nd renewal of the Grand National horse race that took place at Aintree Racecourse near Liverpool, England, on 9 April 1988.

The race was won by Rhyme 'n' Reason, in a time of nine minutes and 53.5 seconds and by a distance of four lengths. Durham Edition was second, and Monamore third. West Tip finished fourth. 17/2 favourite Sacred Path fell at the first fence. Nine of the 40 runners completed the course, however one horse, Smith's Man broke down during the race and died a few days later.

Leading contenders
Sacred Path had been off the racecourse for fourteen months prior to a win at Warwick in March, which led him to be backed down to 17/2 favourite at the off despite the relative inexperience of his jockey, Clive Cox. The conditional jockey was one of eleven riders making their debut in the race but also proved to be one of the three who departed the race at the first fence. Neither horse nor rider competed in the race again.

Rhyme 'n Reason was a former Irish Grand National winner  who had gone through a two-season barren spell before emerging as the form horse going into the Grand National. Wins in the Anthony Mildmay, Peter Cazalet Memorial Chase at Sandown and the Racing Post Chase in January were followed by an appearance in the Cheltenham Gold Cup where he was still in contention but under pressure when falling four fences from home. Few of his potential backers were put off by that and he was sent off at 10/1 with Brendan Powell in the saddle. Their race looked certain to come to an end when the horse all but fell at Becher's Brook and was left in last place by the time horse and rider had recovered to continue. Powell settled his mount back into the field and moved forward to challenge going to Becher's second time round, emerging from the fence in second place after Strands Of Gold fell and Course Hunter suffered an identical fate to Rhyme 'n Reason on the first circuit. They were left in front by the fall of Little Polveir five fences from home and remained there until being passed by Durham Edition at the penultimate fence, at which stage they looked beaten. Rhyme 'N Reason rallied after the final fence and overhauled the leader to win. The 1988 National was his first, and was also to be his last, picking up a fractured hock while jumping Becher's Brook on the first circuit. The gelding was retired from racing after his victory and spent the remainder of his life at Woodhaven stud in Hampshire.

Lean Ar Aghaidh and jockey, Guy Landau were also well backed at 10/1 after finishing third in the previous year's National despite having only made one appearance on a racecourse in the year since, when finishing second to Rhyme 'N Reason in the Racing Post Chase. In addition the horse was being asked to carry a full stone more than the previous year. Landau made a bid to win from the front and led the field through the first circuit. Early on the second circuit it became clear that the pace was telling as Lean Ar Aghaidh began to drop back through the field. They were still in touch at the Canal Turn but rapidly lost ground from that point forward before being the last of eight competitors to finish.

West Tip was by now an old favourite with the public, having won the race in 1986 and finishing fourth in 1987 and was partnered, as for his three previous appearances, by Richard Dunwoody. Staying out of trouble on the first circuit, Dunwoody moved the 11/1 shot into contention at Becher's Brook on the second circuit and was left in second place by the fall of Little Polvier five fences from home. West Tip was among the leading quartet at the Anchor Bridge crossing but rapidly came under pressure and was beaten by the penultimate fence, holding off a late challenge from Attitude Adjuster to retain fourth place to the finish. The old favourite would return again for a fifth attempt the following year.

You're Welcome and Hard Case also attracted a great deal of public support but their odds of 13/1 proved unlucky for both. Peter Hobbs broke a stirrup leather at the fourth fence on the former and almost carried out Course Hunter before finally regaining enough control to pull You're Welcome up before Becher's first time. Hard Case fared little better and made no impression before falling at the nineteenth fence when well to the rear.

Finishing order

Non-finishers

Media coverage and aftermath

The BBC broadcast the race live on television for the twenty-ninth consecutive year as part of its regular Saturday afternoon Grandstand programme, in a Grand National special. Commentary on the race itself, for the seventeenth consecutive year was provided by John Hanmer, Julian Wilson and lead commentator, Peter O'Sullevan who was calling his forty-third Grand National on Television and prior to that, Radio. BBC Radio Two's regular Saturday sport on two programme also broadcast live from Aintree and broadcast the race as it had done every years since 1927. All of the leading United Kingdom daily newspapers carried multi-page Grand National special pull outs and colour guides.

There were no recorded serious injuries among riders but Smith's Man broke down very badly and was put down a few days later.

Post race celebrations included a gala dinner and auction for 350 invited guests at the Adelphi Hotel.

References

https://web.archive.org/web/20060116221716/http://www.grand-national-world.co.uk/gnw/the_race/past_winners_index.html

 1988
Grand National
Grand National
20th century in Merseyside


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Йожеф Кунст (; 28 июня 1790 года, Австро-Венгрия — 5 января 1866 года, Калоча, Австро-Венгрия) — католический прелат, епископ Кошице с 20 мая 1850 года по 15 марта 1852 год, архиепископ Калочи с 15 марта 1852 года по 5 января 1866 год .

Биография
1 августа 1813 года Йожеф Кунст был рукоположён в сан диакона и через несколько дней 8 августа его рукоположили в священника.

6 апреля 1850 года австро-венгерские власти назначили Йожефа Кунста епископом Кошице. 20 мая 1850 года Римский папа Пий IX утвердил это назначение. 25 августа 1850 года состоялось рукоположение Йожефа Кунста в епископа, которое совершил архиепископ Эстергома Янош Щитовский.

15 марта 1852 года Римский папа Пий IX назначил Йожефа Кунста архиепископом Калочи.

Скончался 5 января 1866 года в городе Калоча.

Ссылки
 Информация

Католические епископы Венгрии
Католические епископы Чехии


text:
Porciúncula este un oraș în unitatea federativă Rio de Janeiro (RJ), Brazilia.

Porciúncula


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La torre degli Alberti, situata in via de' Benci 10 all'angolo con borgo Santa Croce, è un'antica torre del centro storico di Firenze.

Storia
La torre era la base principale della famiglia degli Alberti di Catenaia una delle più potenti e numerose famiglie della Firenze medievale. La torre si erge in prossimità della linea dove correvano le mura cittadine del secondo cerchio (1172-1175), dotate di fossato (come ricorda il nome dell'antistante chiesa di San Jacopo tra i Fossi) che creava una specie di isola, detta "isola di Santa Croce".

In questa zona della città caratterizzata dalla presenza di molte proprietà della famiglia Alberti, alla quale è riconducibile anche la costruzione di questa fabbrica, voluta negli ultimi anni del XIII secolo da Alberto, Lapo e Neri degli Alberti del Giudice da Catenaia. Un primo intervento di rinnovo è ricordato nel 1356. La loggetta viene fatta risalire agli inizi del Quattrocento.

Era ancora degli Alberti nel 1759, quando una lettera di Giovan Battista Dei la cita come in pessime condizioni appigionata a un maniscalco. Il ramo fiorentino della famiglia si estinse nel 1836, dopodiché la torre passò, come molte altre proprietà del casato, ai Mori Ubaldini Alberti, che sicuramente ne erano proprietari nel 1843.

L'esposizione alle intemperie delle "antiche gloriose strutture" intensificò purtroppo l'azione disgregatrice degli agenti atmosferici. Fu restaurata nel 1938 in occasione della visita di Hitler a Firenze. Indipendentemente da tale evento, la struttura ha comunque subito nel tempo innumerevoli e importanti interventi conservativi, l'ultimo dei quali ha coinvolto la fabbrica per quasi tutta la seconda metà del Novecento. Nel 1953 si rilevarono infatti importanti lesioni alla torre, con una preoccupante situazione statica poi aggravata dai danni prodotti dall'alluvione del 4 novembre 1966. Negli anni settanta il Comune di Firenze emanò quindi una serie di ordinanze (1971-1974) che invitavano la proprietà a intervenire: a parte un modesto cantiere volto al ripristino della loggia nel 1979, solo nel 1983 si presentò un progetto complessivo di restauro, per le cure dell'ingegner Andrea Chiarugi e dell'architetto Giuseppe Scacciati, in parte sollecitato dalla stampa cittadina e dalle raccolte di firme volte alla salvaguardia di un edificio che, transennato, sembrava minacciare imminente rovina. Una serie di opere provvisionali per la messa in sicurezza della fabbrica vennero eseguite tra il 1983 e il 1989, poi interrotte, anche per incomprensioni tra la direzione del cantiere e la proprietà. Un nuovo progetto fu presentato nel 1990 e i lavori ripresi l'anno successivo, con la direzione dei lavori dell'architetto Giuseppe Scacciati e con la collaborazione dell'ingegnere Enrico Baroni. Nel 1994 il cantiere iniziò ad interessare anche l'edificio confinante (della stessa proprietà, con affaccio sia su via de' Benci sia su borgo Santa Croce) fino a concludersi, per quanto relativo agli esterni, attorno al 1995. Gli interventi agli ambienti interni sono proseguiti fino all'anno 2000.

Un rilievo dello stato attuale delle piante dei vari livelli e del prospetto della torre su via de' Benci (comprensivo dell'edificio tre quattrocentesco adiacente) è stato pubblicato da Gian Luigi Maffei.

La torre, con la sua loggia e il palazzo limitrofo, appare nell'elenco redatto nel 1901 dalla Direzione generale delle antichità e belle arti, quale edificio monumentale da considerare patrimonio artistico nazionale, ed è sottoposta a vincolo architettonico dal 1914.

Descrizione
La torre a pianta trapezoidale, evidentemente scapitozzata, molto insolita nel panorama dell'architettura medioevale fiorentina. Presenta sulle facciate laterali e su quella principale in angolo delle piccole finestre, anche se è possibile ancora vedere le sagome tamponate di più antiche monofore. Oltre che sul fronte dove campeggia l'arme della famiglia (d'azzurro, a quattro catene d'argento moventi dai quattro angoli dello scudo e riunite in cuore per un anello dello stesso), le catene araldiche ricorrono sui capitelli della piccola e elegante loggia che segna il bivio stradale, oggi ingresso a un bar.

L'antica porta di accesso alla torre la si vede, murata, sul fianco che prospetta borgo Santa Croce. Il terrazzino più in alto è un'aggiunta ottocentesca, che stempera il severo carattere difensivo della torre. Oltre esso si apre una sala riccamente decorata sempre nel corso di quel secolo quando, come documentano le fotografie pubblicate da Marco Dezzi Bardeschi e da Mario Tasso, la torre si presentava ancora intonacata. L'attuale immagine della torre, con l'apparecchio murario a vista, è da far risalire all'intervento di demolizione dell'intonaco attuato su questo come su molti altri edifici medioevali della zona in occasione dei ripristini del 1938.

A lungo l'ambiente al piano terreno è stato occupato dal Caffè delle Colonnine, uno dei più antichi di Firenze, e oggi ospita un altro locale pubblico.

Bibliografia

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Altri progetti

Collegamenti esterni
Claudio Paolini, schede nel Repertorio delle architetture civili di Firenze di Palazzo Spinelli (testi concessi in GFDL).

Alberti
Alberti (famiglia)