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The Boys In The Boat
Remember in "Captain Blood" how the pirate Errol Flynn ended up with Olivia de Haviland? Well, forget it. According to B. R. Burg, an associate professor of history at Arizona State University, Captain Blood and his colleagues would not have been interested in Olivia de Haviland, or any other woman for that matter. In a paper delivered before the Organization of American Historians, Professor Burg concluded that the Caribbean pirates of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries were homosexuals. (As for Errol Flynn, that's another story.)
Although he admits that there are no detailed accounts of pirates' sexual lives, Burg says that "fo'c'sle humor abounds with tales of below-deck encounters where salty bo's'uns initiate tender cabin boys into the arcana of the sea, and even among the driest landlubbers there are few who ever assumed that tedious months aboard ship were whiled away only by carving scrimshaw and singing chanties."
But the womanless shipboard life was only part of the reason. Another inducement was the structure of society in the English settlements of the West Indies, where the few white women went to planters and merchants, and heterosexuality among indentured servants was discouraged because it distracted the women from their duties.
Basing his findings on "situational analysis," Burg states that the pirates did not adopt effeminate mannerisms, since such "were the distinguishing mark of the hated Spaniards who exemplified the unpirately characteristics of cowardice and passivity." The professor, whose specialty is sexuality in Restoration England, is currently writing a book on the subject. We're looking forward to situational analyses that he might prepare on other social groups: the Allied armies on the Western Front, monastic orders, the Brotherhood of Railroad Trainmen.


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Antarctic region
AllAuthorsArticle TitleHeadingsExhibitionsMuseum and Gallery HoldingsAuction RecordsBibliographyOccupationImage CaptionAbbreviation
From 1996199920002001200220032004200520062007200820092010201120122013201420152016201720182019
To 1996199920002001200220032004200520062007200820092010201120122013201420152016201720182019
Single year 1996199920002001200220032004200520062007200820092010201120122013201420152016201720182019
Grove Art Online (2)
Any Active Baptism Birth Burial Death Floruit
[[missing key: search-facet.tree.open-section]] Eighteenth-Century Art (2)
Neo-classicism and Greek Revival (2)
Fashion, Jewellery, and Body Art (1)
Performance Art and Dance (2)
Sculpture and Carving (2)
Performance Art and Dance x
Sculpture and Carving x
Neo-classicism and Greek Revival x
Dardel, Robert-Guillaume
Guilhem Scherf
(b Paris, 1749; d Paris, July 29, 1821).
French sculptor. He was a pupil of Augustin Pajou. He was never a member of the Académie Royale and until 1791 had no access to the official Salon, exhibiting instead at the Salon de la Correspondance, Paris, from 1781 to 1787; he was also denied access to the marble provided by the Bâtiments du Roi for royal commissions, for which only Academicians were eligible, and was forced to be principally a modeller producing works in terracotta or bronze. His chief patron was Prince Louis-Joseph de Condé, and among works commissioned by the Condé family were a bust of Louis II, the Grand Condé (bronze, c. 1780; untraced), and a statuette of the Grand Condé at Fribourg (exh. Salon de la Correspondance 1782), the terracotta (1780; Chantilly, Mus. Condé) and bronze (1785; Chantilly, Mus. Condé) versions of which were made were made by the great bronze-founder Pierre Philippe Thomire. Three further commemorative statuettes in bronze are at Chantilly. They represent ...
Pradier, James
Philip Ward-Jackson
[Jean-Jacques]
(b Geneva, May 23, 1790; d Bougival, June 4, 1852).
Swiss sculptor, painter and composer. Prompted by his early displays of artistic talent, Pradier's parents placed him in the workshop of a jeweller, where he learnt engraving on metal. He attended drawing classes in Geneva, before leaving for Paris in 1807. By 1811 he was registered at the Ecole des Beaux-Arts and subsequently entered its sculpture competitions as a pupil of François-Frédéric, Baron Lemot. A more significant contribution to his artistic formation around this time was the guidance of the painter François Gérard. Pradier won the Prix de Rome in 1813 and was resident at the French Academy in Rome, from 1814 until 1819. On his return to France, he showed at the Salon of 1819 a group Centaur and Bacchante (untraced) and a reclining Bacchante (marble; Rouen, Mus. B.-A.). The latter, borrowing an erotically significant torsion from the Antique Callipygean Venus, opens the series of sensuous Classical female subjects that were to become Pradier's forte. In ...
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Second Annual 'Bowl 4 Ronnie' Raises $36,500 For Cancer Research
The second annual Bowl 4 Ronnie bowling party, benefiting the Ronnie James Dio Stand Up And Shout Cancer Fund, was held on November 4 at the Pinz bowling center in Studio City, California. Hosted by "That Metal Show" co-host Eddie Trunk and attended by 300 rockers, bowling enthusiasts and fund supporters, the event brought in $36,500 for the Ronnie James Dio Stand Up And Shout Cancer Fund, now in its seventh year of raising awareness and much-needed funding for cancer research.
Among the rock musicians in attendance at the event were:
* Tom Morello (RAGE AGAINST THE MACHINE)
* Brendon Small (DETHKLOK, "Metalocalypse")
* John 5 (ROB ZOMBIE)
* Dino Cazares (FEAR FACTORY)
* Bjorn Englen (DIO DISCIPLES, TONY MACALPINE, YNGWIE MALMSTEEN)
* Chris Broderick (MEGADETH, ACT OF DEFIANCE)
* Joey Vera (ARMORED SAINT)
* Roy Mayorga (STONE SOUR)
* Christian Martucci (STONE SOUR)
* Jinxx (BLACK VEIL BRIDES)
* Tim "Ripper" Owens (DIO DISCIPLES, JUDAS PRIEST)
* Michael Spencer (FLOTSAM AND JETSAM)
* Monte Pittman (MADONNA)
* Lizzy Borden
* Ira Black (METAL CHURCH, LIZZY BORDEN)
* Robert Sarzo (HURRICANE)
* Rudy Sarzo (DIO, QUIET RIOT, WHITESNAKE)
* Scott Warren (DIO, WARRANT)
* Craig Goldy (DIO)
* Simon Wright (DIO, AC/DC)
* David "Rock" Feinstein (ELF, THE RODS)
* Sean McNabb (LYNCH MOB, QUIET RIOT, DOKKEN)
* Christine Devine (Fox 11 News anchor)
* Damon Fox (THE CULT)
* Chris Hager (ROUGH CUTT)
* Marty O'Brien (LITA FORD)
* Mick Sweda (BULLETBOYS)
* Jeff Scott Soto (JOURNEY, TRANS-SIBERIAN ORCHESTRA)
* Joe Colover
* Jessie Sanchez (THE OTHERS)
* John Hatfield (THE OTHERS)
* Chas West (LYNCH MOB, FOREIGNER, BONHAM)
* Joe Retta (DIO DISCIPLES, SWEET)
* Marc Ferrari (KEEL)
* Joanie Pimentel (NO SMALL CHILDREN)
* Lisa Pimentel (NO SMALL CHILDREN)
* Nicola Belinsky (NO SMALL CHILDREN)
* Howie Simon (NELSON, ALCATRAZ)
* Herman Li (DRAGONFORCE)
* Brann Dailor (MASTODON)
* Ann Boleyn (HELLION)
* Sonia Harley
DJ Will provided music throughout the evening.
The event kicked off with open bowling and a VIP pre-party for lane sponsors, celebrities and their guests. The evening included a celebrity bowling tournament, a raffle and a special live auction.
100 percent of the net proceeds from the Bowl 4 Ronnie will go to the Dio Cancer Fund. At the event, the Dio Cancer Fund presented a check for $25,000 to further the research of Dr. David Wong, director of the Dental Research Institute at the University of California, Los Angeles. Dr. Wong is developing a non-invasive saliva test for early cancer detection. The Dio Cancer Fund already presented Dr. Wong with $25,000 at their annual Ride For Ronnie motorcycle event in May of this year. Dr. Wong believes this simple test will become available for medical use within the next three years.
Dr. Sandeep Kapoor, Dio Cancer Fund medical director, explained that UCLA's Dr. David Wong is not kidding when he has said he is going to find a "blueprint" for gastric cancer, the disease that took the life of singer Ronnie James Dio in 2010. Says Kapoor: "The NIH (National Institute of Health) has recently given him a grant to do a 'prospective trial' looking at stomach cancer biomarkers There is going to be a 'liquid saliva' screening test for stomach cancer that I and millions of other doctors will be able to use in our offices. This simple saliva test might have saved Ronnie's life, and it will be able to save countless lives in the future."
A six-string Jackson guitar donated by Chris Broderick of ACT OF DEFIANCE and stage played by him while on tour with MEGADETH in 2012 was auctioned to raise additional funds. Among the raffle prizes awarded were a specially-designed bowling ball and a bowling pin featuring the Bowl 4 Ronnie artwork, each accompanied by a bowling party donated by host venue Pinz bowling center.
In addition to emceeing duties, Trunk captained his own bowling team comprising Tom Morello, Rock Feinstein, Jeff Scott Soto, John 5 and Tim "Ripper" Owens. His team took top honors for the highest celebrity bowling team score. The winner of the newly-minted Dean Schachtel Award — named for the late Dio Cancer Fund board member — for the highest overall bowling score went to Dio Cancer Fund supporter Scott Courtright.
HEART's ANN WILSON Releases Music Video For Her Cover Version Of ALICE IN CHAINS' 'Rooster'
UDO DIRKSCHNEIDER Defends His Decision To Continue Performing ACCEPT Material With U.D.O.: People 'Still Wanna Hear These Songs'
TED NUGENT Says He Doesn't Take His Exclusion From ROCK AND ROLL HALL OF FAME Personally: 'I Don't Need It'
TIM 'RIPPER' OWENS Saw Tensions Brewing Between K.K. DOWNING And GLENN TIPTON During Making Of 'Demolition'
Watch AMY LEE And LZZY HALE Perform LINKIN PARK's 'Heavy' In Cincinnati


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Legislature's Vote on 15th Amendment Has Long History (253)
View all the posts from April 4, 1997
KNOXVILLE, Tenn. — The Tennessee General Assembly voted this week for the second time in its history on the 15th amendment to the U.S. Constitution.
The first time — in 1870 — the legislature refused to ratify the amendment, which guaranteed black males the right to vote after it was ratified by three-fourths of the states.
This week the legislature reversed itself by voting unanimously in both the Senate and House, to post-ratify the amendment.
Dr. Paul Bergeron, lead researcher on the Presidential Papers Project of Andrew Johnson at the University of Tennessee-Knoxville, said Friday the importance of the 1870 vote and this week's action was primarily symbolic.
"The irony is that three years before the 1870 vote, the state legislature had already passed a state law giving the vote to male blacks," said Bergeron. "But by 1870 there was a very conservative movement back in power in the legislature and, in a mood of defiance, said, 'we will not ratify the 15th amendment.'
"But black males were allowed to vote in the state, nonetheless."
This week's vote also was symbolic because the required three-fourths of the states long ago ratified the amendment, which became binding on all states, Bergeron said.
The legislature's latest action caught Bergeron by surprise.
"I was taken aback when I heard this on the news because it never even crossed my mind that Tennessee had never ratified," he said. "I knew they did not in 1870, but I considered that all a moot point once the required number of states ratified."
Contact: Dr. Paul Bergeron (423-974-2449)


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Notations: The Cage Effect Today
Event | Reviews | Comments
© Courtesy of Hunter College/Times Square Gallery
Hunter College/Times Square Gallery
February 17th, 2012 - April 21st, 2012
Opening: February 16th, 2012 6:00 PM - 8:00 PM
Soledad Arias
Céleste Boursier-Mougenot
José Damasceno
Hanne Darboven
Matthew Deleget
Liz Deschenes
Felipe Dulzaides
Yukio Fujimoto
Nicolás Guagnini
Lynne Harlow
Douglas Huebler
David Lamelas
Reiner Leist
Jorge Macchi
Rivane Neuenschwander
Kaz Oshiro
Edgardo Rudnitzky
Linda Stillman
Daniel Wurtzel
http://www.hunter.cuny.edu/art/galleries...
awischme@hunter.cuny.edu
Tuesday – Saturday, 1 – 6 pm
The Hunter College Art Galleries are pleased to present Notations: The Cage Effect Today, on view from February 17-April 21, 2012. As 2012 marks the centennial of John Cage's birth, this exhibition commemorates the widespread effect of the artist's six decades of assiduous and relentless inventive creation on subsequent generations of artists. Cage has been described as the most important artist of the second half of the 20th century, influencing many artists from Jasper Johns to Gerhard Richter, Robert Rauschenberg to Ellsworth Kelly, Nam June Paik to Yoko Ono, and from Joseph Beuys to Hélio Oiticica—each of whom played a significant role in the configuration of today's art world. Cage has never been more vital than today—as seen through the legions of artists around the globe who tenaciously explore many of the tropes that Cage left behind. Notations: The Cage Effect Today examines the reverberation of his diverse influence throughout North America, Asia, Europe, and Latin America. Some 28 artists selected for inclusion in the exhibition include Waltercio Caldas, Hanne Darboven, Liz Deschenes, David Lamelas, Christian Marclay, Kaz Oshiro, and Fred Sandback among many others.
These artists and their contemporaries have been inspired by John Cage's multifarious approach to making art. Only through a close examination of what succeeding generations of artists have to say is it possible to measure the far-reaching extent of Cage's unique legacy.
The Hunter College Art Galleries, under the auspices of the Department of Art and Art History, has been a vital aspect of the New York cultural landscape since its inception over a quarter-century ago. This exhibition, curated by Joachim Pissarro, Bershad Professor of Art History and Director of the Hunter College Art Galleries, together with Bibi Calderaro, Julio Grinblatt (MFA '10) and Michelle Yun, is the result of an educational process developed with graduate students, who have been engaged in the curatorial process at every level. This project underscores the Galleries' unique ability to share the highest levels of academic scholarship and curatorial connoisseurship with the student community and the general public, thus facilitating a dynamic cultural exchange.
Notations: The Cage Effect Today, is accompanied by a fully illustrated catalogue with essays by Dr. Pissarro, Bibi Calderaro and Julio Grinblatt and includes plate entries by graduate students. The book will be distributed by Charta Editions, Milan. A plethora of public programming including inter-disciplinary concerts, film screenings and a mushroom hunting event complements the exhibition.


text:
A Remembrance Day like no other
Ceremonies marking Remembrance Day 2020 have taken place around the world, with dignitaries laying wreaths, but only small crowds allowed due to the pandemic.
Remembrance Day 10:59am Nov 12, 2020
Aussies assemble history-making bridge in Turkey
More than 300 metres above Turkey's Dardenelles Strait, an Australian craning company has pulled off a spectacular world-first.
World 10:46pm Jun 27, 2020
Heroic Qantas founder's link to Australia's remarkable war horses
Light horse brigade enthusiast David McGinness has a special link to the thousands of horses sent to war from Australia.
Digger identified 103 years after buried in unnamed grave in France
An indigenous Australian soldier has been identified more than 100 years after he was buried in an unnamed grave in France.
War 7:10am Dec 3, 2019
Archaeologists dig into the past with mysterious 'ghost fleet'
Archaeologists from across the United States are investigating a series of abandoned boats believed to date back the second World War.
ship 2:01pm Oct 14, 2019
'It is very emotional': Aussies prepare for WWI Armistice centenary
At the Australian War Memorial just outside the small town of Villers-Bretonneux in northern France, the Voices of Birralee choir from Brisbane echo across thousands of war graves of fallen soldiers.
Remembrance Day 6:57am Nov 10, 2018
Solved: One of Australia's most enduring World War One mysteries
On this day in 1914 the Royal Australian Navy suffered its first causalities of WW1 when the HMAS AE1 disappeared without a trace.
navy 2:40pm Sep 14, 2018
The little-known Aussie Olympian killed on his first day of combat
He was described today as one of the most remarkable unknown Australians.
War 7:21pm Sep 2, 2018
'They wanted to amputate my great grandfather's leg. He said no'
9NEWS reporter Chris O'Keefe has traced the story of his great-grandfather who, like so many young men, was sent off to fight in WWI.
ANZAC Day 7:21am Apr 25, 2018
The eight brothers from one family who all fought in WWI
Nobody knows if Albert John Handcock made it to the beach before he was killed at Gallipoli, but his death saw all seven of his brothers enlist.
ANZAC Day 9:02pm Apr 24, 2018
The three Diggers who died a week before the war ended
In the corner of a communal cemetery in the small French village of Le Rejet-de-Beaulieu, three graves lie in a row by themselves.
Should Sir John Monash be posthumously promoted?
He's Australia's greatest soldier- but those behind a push to honour World War One General, Sir John Monash, say he's being repeatedly snubbed by our governments.
World 7:38pm Apr 15, 2018
Nine Aussie WWI soldiers recovered from mass grave formally identified
After more than a century of uncertainty, the families of nine Australian World War One heroes are now able to visit their slain relatives' graves for the first time.
history 3:33pm Apr 9, 2018
Skull with bullet embedded being sent back to Australia
A Philadelphia medical museum said Tuesday it will return the skull of an Australian soldier who was killed in World War I to the Australian Army.
national 10:11am Oct 4, 2017
VIDEO: Troops remembered for their sacrifice at the Battle of Pozieres
A century after the battle that claimed the lives of 7000 Australians, families gather in the French village of Pozieres to remember their loved ones.
6pm news 8:13pm Jul 24, 2016
Three unknown Aussie diggers buried with honours in French countryside
Three unknown Australian soldiers whose remains lay where they fell for nearly a century have at last been given funerals and now rest with more than 700 of their mates in the French countryside.
France 9:07am Jul 24, 2016
Audio emerges of claims Australian soldiers executed prisoners in WWI
An audio recording allegedly containing eye-witness accounts of possible war crimes by Australian soldiers during WWI has surfaced.
national 12:24pm Sep 11, 2014
Soldiers' descendants come together on eve of WWI centenary
Descendants of two soldiers from France and Germany who were the first fatalities of World War I, gathered in eastern France on Saturday for a ceremony marking the centenary of their deaths.
Europe 12:37am Aug 3, 2014


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No-hassle Updates
Open Source Contribution
January 08, 2020 by Brent W Peterson
This entry was posted on January 08, 2020 by Brent W Peterson
Have you ever contributed to an open source project?
You've probably seen contribution days listed during conferences, talked to developers who have made their own contributions, and had your own ideas about what would work best for the future of a project. But have you actually contributed?
Contributing to an open source project is one of the best ways to learn more about it, become a member of the community, and influence its future. Without contributors, the project probably wouldn't even exist.
That's why we've prepared a short article on why you should be contributing to the Magento community – and how you can.
Why Contribute to Open Source?
Contributing to open source is one of the best things you can do to give back to the community. For many open source users, they've been given access to a free product with a large team of developers working behind the scenes to make sure it's production ready.
Eventually, giving back to that community is going to become a priority. If not to support the community and its continued existence, then to influence its development and future direction, or to just become an active part of that community.
That's not all. Contributing is a great way to learn about the software you are using. For Magento 2, this means becoming an expert in how to optimize and take full advantage of its functionality as an ecommerce platform. By being a contributor, you will probably gain a better understanding of the ecommerce platform than devs that just create sites.
Important Contribution Considerations
If you're thinking of contributing to Magento - or any open source project - there are a number of things you should consider.
Firstly, you need to bear in mind that open source projects are community driven. People contribute to them: not robots. For this reason, it's important to maintain a level of respect and professional courtesy at all times. This means more than just being polite in your interactions; it also means checking your code.
You should not be sending pull requests for code you haven't checked yourself. Test your code before submitting it. And don't just gung-ho your own, if there are templates or guidelines: follow them.
Templates are vital because without them open source projects can quickly descend into chaos. Magento 2 is one of the largest ecommerce projects out there. There are over 1000 contributors, thousands of open issues, and over 240 pull requests every month. Without some kind of coordination, the Magento 2 community would quickly struggle to continuously deliver high-quality and much-needed updates.
So how do you actually start contributing?
The good news is that you don't have to be a coding mastermind. Typos and translations are also vital parts of the contribution process, and can go a long way in developing the project.
The first step though, is to fork a GitHub repository and start working on something. This will give you insight into the contribution process and how it works. You don't have to commit anything to begin with – just play around and get comfortable with the process.
For Magento 2, you'll find CONTRIBUTION.md in the root directory. Here, most current contribution needs are covered. By joining the community engineering Slack channel, you'll also be able to have a direct and clear line of communication to other developers and community maintainers.
Ready, Get Set, Go
So, are you ready to get started?
Make sure to bring any questions you have to the incredible Magento community members. Each and every one of them will help you to become an even better contributor and ultimately build on and make Magento 2 community edition even better than it already is.
Let's Build Something Together
Contact us today to get your project started and hear more about all the awesome things we can do for you!
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Alhambra Source
Community news and voices for the City of Alhambra, California
Donor Supporters
Jessie Ong
Alhambra Source provides objective and important news reporting for our community.
Efren Moreno, Former Alhambra Mayor
Thank you Alhambra Source for truly informing the residents of Alhambra.
Jeff Maloney, Alhambra City Council Member
The Source has become an important source for news, public interest, and serious journalism in our community. Keep it up!
Sara Harris
As a career journalist and EJ advocate, I see community-based media like the Alhambra Source as crucial to democracy and equality.
I support Alhambra Source as often as I can because I believe a free and independent press is vital to the democratic process. No other news outlet with high journalistic standards consistently covers the stories and issues that matter to our community.
Adele Andrade Stadler, Alhambra City Council Member
The Source is a great independent newspaper that celebrates the communities and is not afraid to ask the tough questions!
Cliff Bender, Vice President, Alhambra Education Foundation
I want to know what's going on in my community- News, events, and human interest stories. The Alhambra Source gives me the information I need.
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We support Alhambra Source because this online news source is vitally important in engaging, informing and educating the residents of Alhambra.
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Alhambrans need to know the truth about our area!
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Such a valuable source of what's happening in city where we live. Objective reporting that informs us and allows us to come to our own conclusions.
COVID-19 Death Reported In Pasadena Area; Here Are Updates In The SGV
A title card created by the Alhambra Source from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's renderings of COVID-19.
By: Helen Arase
Alhambra , CA
The Los Angeles County Department of Public Health has announced the county's second COVID-19-related death.
The deceased was described as a man between 30 and 50 years old with underlying health conditions, who was in the Pasadena area, L.A. County Department of Public Health Director Barbara Ferrer said Thursday at the daily press briefing. Other news outlets, including the Pasadena Star News, reported he was a Glendora resident who died in Pasadena. Read more about him here.
The department also announced 40 new cases, bringing the county's total count to 231. There at now seven labs, each with multiple locations with testing abilities.
Local cities with cases are: Alhambra with two, Monterey Park with two and South Pasadena with one. The department is now noting that cities with less than 25,000 residents are being added to the nearest city or community.
In a somber tone, Ferrer told residents that you should assume that you are infected, and that others around you are infected.
"If your test was negative today with no symptoms, it says nothing about where you would be tomorrow or the next day," she said. Ferrer noted that at this time, 1,700 people have been tested, thought that number is going to increase as both positive cases and testing ability increases.
To the younger people who aren't taking the social distancing seriously, "For those that aren't having serious illness, I can promise you that they're passing it on to those who are having serious illness." There are people, between 18 and 40 who are infected, and some can die, Ferrer said.
So how long does the SVG and greater Los Angeles have to aggressively suppress daily activities?
The length of time will depend on how well the county responds now, Ferrer said.
Here's a roundup of information and resources:
The cities of Alhambra, Rosemead, San Gabriel and Monterey Park all have pages dedicated to coronavirus resources and changes to city services like cancellations, making appointments and meal plans.
Alhambra's page of cancelled events and functioning services is here.
The city has also temporarily relaxed parking restrictions beginning March 16 and ending April 5; citations and restrictions will halt for street sweeping and overnight parking violations. Citations issued on March 16 will be voided and a letter received in the mail. If you have not received a letter, call Traffic Division at 626-570-5119.
Meal services for seniors have been modified in the San Gabriel Valley. While the centers are closed, meals can still be picked up and taken home.
The L.A. County Sheriff's Department stations throughout the county will keep their lobbies open to the public, but they encourage you to call or go online for help.
Alhambra Police Department posted on their Facebook page that there are fake door-to-door COVID-19 home inspections. Call 9-1-1 immediately to report it or use their online portal on the city website.
Some of the Alhambra-related Facebook pages have posts showing panic buying, food hoarding, and price gouging – which is a misdemeanor. Call 2-1-1 or 800-593-8222 to report if you are a victim or suspect a business is price gouging in this state of emergency.
An employee at the Target in Alhambra said they see the same elderly people come into the store multiple times per day and leave empty handed.
Last week, Gov. Gavin Newsom signed an executive order to ensure critical supplies are delivered quickly to the state – masks, gloves equipment, etc. – but also "food for emergency restocking of stores."
Recently those same Alhambra pages have begun to work collaboratively to help each other find food and supplies, begun to ask each other not to hoard and provided learning resources for kids.
Help the elderly in the community get groceries from Target or Costco, as county officials suggest in their daily press briefings.
If you want to volunteer to help others in the SGV, there are many ways and not all of them require in-person participation. California Volunteers has a page here.
The Asian Youth Center (AYC) is working with the Los Angeles Regional Food Bank to distribute food at the San Gabriel Center, by appointment only. Call 626-537-0954 to make an appointment.
Visit AYC's homepage for updates, provided in multiple languages, on their adjusted services.
Alhambra Unified School District, which includes students in Alhambra, San Gabriel, Monterey Park and Rosemead, has a news and announcements page where parents can go to fill out a technology request form, educational resources and info on free internet for 60 days.
For information on emergency meal services for anyone under 18, regardless of AUSD enrollment status, go to the food and nutrition services page.
San Gabriel Mission High School began online classes March 18. Though instruction is at home, the students are expected to be in uniform while attending virtual school, according to Principal Raquel Cagigas.
Ramona Convent Secondary School is instructing online from March 18 through April 14.
Students are worried about social events like prom and graduation ceremonies, says Ramona's Sister Kathleen Callaway.
Students are also worried about Scholastic Assessment Test (SAT) and Advanced Placement (AP) testing, says Cagigas.
SAT and American College Testing (ACT) testing is pushed back to June, according to the College Board and ACT coronavirus sites. Check their pages for updates.
The National Federation of State High School Associations established an agreement with eKnowledge, digital learning products, to offer SAT/ACT prep materials for less than 5% of the price. See the site for info.
Both Catholic schools have essential administrative staff on campus; San Gabriel Mission is allowing teachers to use the internet during school hours and Ramona said they are cleaning the school.
Both Catholic schools take direction from the Archdiocese of Los Angeles, which suspended masses on March 16. Their site was down Thursday, but the announcement can be read here.
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Bulgaria Posts English
Shakira was quickly reminded that she cheated on her ex with Pique
Saturday 14th January 2023 07:14 PM
Mexico deports Bulgarian tourists, the authorities do not give up
Monday 23rd January 2023 03:13 PM
In 1 hour, the tickets for the performances with John Malkovich were sold out, only the most expensive ones remained
Wednesday 25th January 2023 11:42 AM


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Open Knowledge Repository content related to COVID-19 / coronavirus can be found here.✕
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Technological Change and the Labor Market in Argentina and Uruguay : A Task Content Analysis
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Apella, Ignacio
Zunino, Gonzalo
The objective of this paper is to analyze the employment profile trends in Argentina and Uruguay according to the task content performed by the workers in their jobs. The paper aims to produce an approximation of the impact of technological change on the labor market. The paper uses the definition of an indicator that captures the relative importance of four types of tasks, cognitive/manual and routine/nonroutine, based on the information provided by Occupational Information Network and household surveys. The analysis finds that in the last two decades the relative importance of cognitive tasks in the workplace has increased in line with the reduction of manual tasks, particularly among the youngest cohorts.
"Apella, Ignacio; Zunino, Gonzalo. 2017. Technological Change and the Labor Market in Argentina and Uruguay : A Task Content Analysis. Policy Research Working Paper;No. 8215. World Bank, Washington, DC. © World Bank. https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/28550 License: CC BY 3.0 IGO."
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Syniverse Advances Blockchain's Future with IBM and Other Industry Leaders
by Chris Rivera | Jun 25, 2019 | Blockchain | 1 comment
Blockchain has rapidly emerged as one of this year's most important technologies. In the last few years, its growth has truly opened a new era in the efficiency, transparency and security of the world's transactions. Syniverse has been steadily making investments in this technology in parallel with this growth, and this has recently culminated in a couple of major achievements for us.
For businesses and industries involved in clearing and settlement today, the logical evolution is blockchain. It's transforming the speed, ease, flexibility, and, most importantly, security of the way we monetize transactions. In particular, a crucial factor driving the adoption of blockchain is that the number of transactions is increasing tremendously in an all-connected world driven by, one, the internet of things (IoT) and, two, 5G, the new mobile standard that will enable the robust and reliable foundation for powering the IoT. At the same time, the requirement to be able to securely validate and monetize these transactions has become more vital than ever. Blockchain technology offers an ideally suited solution to meet these requirements.
Syniverse's role has lent itself to playing an integral role with blockchain. Our heritage includes decades of connecting both mobile operators and enterprises that has almost perfectly positioned us to help today's companies deal with an ever-growing ecosystem and related transactions. We serve as the ultimate independent third party that can enable, validate, and monetize transactions.
To this end, we recently made a major move in blockchain with the announcement of the completion of a proof of concept with IBM, Orange, and MTS. We co-developed a solution that uses blockchain to instantly validate new wholesale billing and charging processes for clearing and settlement services. The first phase included the successful testing of a pilot, and Syniverse and IBM are now bringing this solution to market to sell to mobile operators.
A couple of weeks later, we followed this announcement by taking part in an IBM Blockchain Platform Board of Advisors meeting in the New York City area that I attended on behalf of Syniverse. The board is composed of some of today's leading lights in blockchain development that include programmers, developers, product managers, and senior executives from technology companies as well as businesses from a range of industries. Syniverse is privileged to be a member and is represented by myself and Dennis Meurs, Vice President and General Manager of Transaction and Clearing Services, and head of our blockchain solutions.
The meeting offered us an opportunity to contribute input on a variety of the newest standards now emerging for blockchain that will shape its application by businesses for years to come. One of the most important of these is Hyperledger, an open source initiative whose goal is to create enterprise-grade distributed ledger frameworks and ensure the transparency and interoperability required to bring blockchain technologies forward to mainstream commercial adoption. All in all, it was a stimulating and enriching few days in New York that proved to be perfect timing for building on Syniverse and IBM's new blockchain solution.
We're excited about what lies on the horizon for both our companies in this fast-moving technology space. As mentioned above, we see ourselves as particularly suited to address the complexities of clearing and settlement. Blockchain links multiple parties and data to one transaction and requires these elements to be connected in a seamless and secure way. In this area, our heritage in connecting both mobile operators and nontechnology companies ideally positions us for helping businesses deal with this ever-growing ecosystem and its related transactions.
In the same way, IBM, as one of the largest and oldest technology companies in the world, has leveraged its professionals' skill and its technology assets to establish itself as an early blockchain leader. It's positioned itself at the forefront of blockchain by leading advancements in transaction processing speeds, developing advanced cryptography to secure transactions, and contributing millions of lines of open source code to advance blockchain for businesses.
Together, our two companies offer a compelling solution that combines clearing-and-settlement expertise with advanced technology and blockchain development leadership. Following our recent solution launch and Board of Advisors meeting, I'm looking forward to how we build on our accomplishments in the second half of 2019.
Chris Rivera
Chris Rivera serves as Syniverse's Chief Technology Officer, responsible for the company's global research and development, digital and cloud transformation, network and data center design, operations, cybersecurity, and information technology (IT). His career includes more than 24 years of leadership roles in technology operations, product management, and product marketing for technology companies and government institutions. Most recently, Chris served in a variety of senior roles at Cisco Systems, including Managing Director, Chief Technology Officer, Americas Mobile and Web Providers; Senior Director, Product Line Management, Routing Technology Group; and Director, Product Line Management, Optical Networking. Prior to Cisco, he was a Product Manager at Cerent Corporation (acquired by Cisco in 1999), as well as a Marketing Manager at DSC Communications (acquired by Alcatel in 1998), and he served on the Advisory Board of Joyent, a cloud services company (acquired by Samsung in 2016). He began his career as an Operations and Electronic Systems Officer in the U.S. Navy, for which he served for five years and last held the rank of Lieutenant. Chris has a bachelor's degree from the U.S. Naval Academy and completed coursework at the University of California at San Diego.
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Jack Hugnou	on June 26, 2019 at 1:46 pm
Great article. Extremely interesting an to the point. I look forward to reading you future articles. Thank you


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Wed, 29 Jul, 2020 - 14:58
Funding to open North Cork as greenway route
Labour Party TD Sean Sherlock. Photo: Sam Boal/Rollingnews.ie
Breda Graham
Cork TD Seán Sherlock has welcomed the "first step to open up North Cork as a greenway route" with funding of €80,00 to examine the feasibility for the Mallow to Dungarvan Greenway confirmed.
The Mallow TD said that the "economic and leisure benefits" of greenways have been proven with the success of the Waterford Greenway, a 46km long route from Dungarvan to Waterford city.
"This is the first step to open up North Cork as a Greenway route that can revitalise towns and villages along the route as has been done in Kilmacthomas and Dungarvan for instance. The next steps to achieve viability of a route will be crucial," Deputy Sherlock said.
His comments come as Minister for Climate Change, Communications Networks and Transport, Eamon Ryan, announced funding of €4.5m for 26 Greenway Projects across the country, including the Mallow to Dungarvan stretch which would include developing parts of the old rail line and would link Mallow to Waterford city through Dungarvan.
The funding was allocated under the Carbon Tax Fund 2020 and provides support for feasibility and helps local authorities to plan and design Greenway projects in preparation for construction funding in the coming years.
Minister Ryan said that such greenways will "encourage tourism in the future, and will also provide a safe, segregated space for people walking and cycling".
He said that he was "particularly pleased" that a number of Greenway proposals in the areas supported by the Just Transition Fund have been funded and that various projects will benefit from the funding.
Minister for Media, Tourism, Art, Culture and the Gaeltacht, Catherine Martin, said that greenways play "an important role" in supporting local communities, creating jobs, and bringing more visitors into the country "that might not otherwise experience tourism".
"As we have seen over the course of the lockdown, people are eager to get out into nature and avail of the stunning scenery in our country," she said.


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The Stop-Bernie Campaign Can't Figure Out Which Way to Go
The other contenders march in circles with the local culinary union.
By Jeremy Stahl
Feb 20, 20206:49 PM
Democratic presidential candidate Sen. Elizabeth Warren walks with members of Culinary Workers Union Local 226 on a picket line outside of Palms Casino Resort on February 19, 2020 in Las Vegas, Nevada. Mario Tama/Getty Images
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Before the leading Democratic contenders showed up for Wednesday's presidential debate in Las Vegas, the majority of them made a point of going by the Palms Casino Resort, where the powerful Culinary Union Local 226 was holding a picket. The union—which boasts 60,000 members and calls itself the largest immigrant group in the state, and which was the first union in the nation to endorse Barack Obama in 2008—had declined to endorse a candidate, but that just meant the would-be nominees were trying to cultivate the workers' goodwill as Saturday's Nevada caucuses closed in.
With cumbersome press entourages following each candidate, the picketing soon got physically awkward. Sen. Elizabeth Warren was the first on the scene, and her arrival led the union members to fall out of their looped marching pattern and start trailing after her en masse, in one single direction. Harried organizers had to steer them back into formation: "Come on, this way!"
The others each brought their own form of entropy. For Pete Buttigieg, the back of the line simply stopped moving, waiting for the former South Bend mayor to make his arrival. Former vice president Joe Biden and his large media contingent started walking in the wrong direction, against the loop, causing a minor traffic jam. Billionaire Tom Steyer, who'd missed qualifying for the debate, marched halfway around the loop and made his exit by simply cutting through the formation. And by the time Sen. Amy Klobuchar was making the circuit, union leaders were calling for the picketers to drop out of line and come take in speeches from Local 226 officials.
The only missing candidates were former New York mayor Michael Bloomberg, whose self-funded megadollar ad-blitz campaign isn't on the ballot in Nevada, and the national polling frontrunner, Sen. Bernie Sanders, who'd received the union's anti-endorsement, in the form of a memo warning Local 226 members that his Medicare for All plan would confiscate their current, collectively bargained healthcare benefits.
But as the picketing difficulties suggested, being against Sanders is not the same thing as having an alternative plan. The union, like the Democratic Party establishment, has not identified someone to get behind—a difficulty that carried through the debate, when a handful of candidates had strong nights beating up Bloomberg but none of them emerged as a clear No. 2 to Sanders.
In Nevada, where Sanders' lead has skyrocketed in recent days following a virtual tie for the win in Iowa and a clear-cut victory in New Hampshire, the Vermont senator seems poised to take advantage of the divided field and remain on a slow but steady trajectory to the nomination.
That doesn't mean that the culinary union isn't keeping up a blistering critique of Sanders, or that the other candidates aren't trying to join in. Geoconda Argüello-Kline, secretary-treasurer for the Culinary Union, has been telling everyone who will listen that she and the union's director of communications, Bethany Khan, have continued to face harassment from Sanders supporters ever since Local 226 released a scorecard of Democratic candidates that said Sanders' plan would "End Culinary Healthcare."
On Tuesday night, at a women's event at the union hall, Argüello-Kline called on Sanders to denounce these supporters in stronger terms, and for Sanders to specifically address the fact that the harassment has been targeted at two women of color instead of the president of the entire union, Ted Pappageorge.
"What has happened has been a terrible attack from Sen. Sanders' followers to me and to Bethany Khan, the two women supporters, but not to the president, who is a white man," Argüello-Kline told her members, before Warren and Klobuchar addressed them. Argüello-Kline says she had received more than 1,000 abusive or threatening messages, from Twitter, to phone calls, to text messages, some of them telling her to leave the country.
It's unclear how many of these are from Bernie supporters and how many might be from bad actors entirely unconnected to Sanders, but Argüello-Kline has been adamant that Sanders' supporters are responsible. "You don't think he has to say, 'Stop attacking women of color'?" she told reporters. "If I'm the leader of this union and I see the women of color coming under attack, I would say that."
Sanders initially put out a generic statement calling for "supporters of all campaigns not to engage in bullying or ugly personal attacks" and not acknowledging the role his own supporters might be playing in the harassment. On Tuesday, Sanders denied that his campaign workers were attacking the union leaders, again refusing to address whether his supporters might be involved.
The agenda for Wednesday's debate, which managed to skip over any real mentions of war and foreign policy, made room for discussing the hostilities between the union and the Sanders camp. Asked about it onstage, Sanders said that his own backers who are women of color face their own abuse, and he suggested that some of the attacks on culinary union officials might be from trolls.
"If you want to talk to some of the women on my campaign, what you will see is the most ugly, sexist, racist attacks that are—I wouldn't even describe them here, they're so disgusting," Sanders said. "And let me say something else about this, not being too paranoid. All of us remember 2016, and what we remember is efforts by Russians and others to try to interfere in our election and divide us up. I'm not saying that's happening, but it would not shock me."
Again, Sanders denied that his supporters might have attacked these union leaders: "I saw some of those tweets regarding the Culinary Workers Union. I have a 30-year 100 percent pro-union voting record. Do you think I would support or anybody who supports me would be attacking union leaders? It's not thinkable." Slate asked the culinary union if it was satisfied with the response. "Any woman on Twitter who is an organizer or who works in the political space is well aware of the consequences of being a target of ROSE Twitter, especially women of color," responded Khan, referencing the emoji Democratic socialists use on Twitter. "The fact is that two women of color have been attacked and continue to be targets, just for voicing our opinion. We remain, to this day, under attack by folks who wish to dismiss or gaslight us. We will not be silent."
The Sanders campaign also insists that his plan would not hurt the unions. "We have great respect for culinary. Bernie has great respect for culinary," Sanders campaign senior advisor Jeff Weaver told me after the debate. "Bernie Sanders will not sign a bill that does not provide better benefits than folks already have and culinary workers like workers at every union in this country will see an increase in their paycheck because Medicare For All will mandate that employers who save money under a collective bargaining agreement when we move to Medicare for All has to pass those savings on to workers in the form of extra compensation."
That promise is clearly not good enough for Argüello-Kline and many of her members. "I will always tell the facts to the members, it's their health care," she told reporters. "Our health care has not been a gift."
At the Tuesday union hall event, I spoke with two women of color who said they were supporting Biden and that their top issue was health care.
"I love Sen. Warren. I love that she's family oriented, pro-woman," said Sheena Reid, a Biden supporter who is black. "I'm not so much for her universal health care because [I want to keep] my union health care."
Wendy Almada, a naturalized citizen who came to the United States from Mexico when she was 11 years old, also said that she was voting for Biden because she wanted to "keep my insurance" and "not be on Medicare."
Sanders' debate opponents tried to take further advantage of the union rift on Wednesday night. Buttigieg accused Sanders of being "at war with the Culinary Union right here in Las Vegas," while Warren repeated a previous line that "We are all responsible for our supporters and we need to step up."
The campaign for Bloomberg, who has been no friend of unions, put out a series of talking points criticizing Sanders supporters for "'divisive 'energy'" and even put out an ad "taking on 'Bernie Bros.'"
But none of the negativity against Sanders seemed to be helping anyone else produce positive results. In the most recent RealClearPolitics Nevada polling average—mostly taken before the debate—he was in a commanding 14-point lead with 30 percent of the vote and with five other candidates sharing between 10 and 16 percent of the vote each and nobody pulling away. And with more than 70,000 early caucus votes having already been cast in Nevada prior to Wednesday's debate, it may be too late for anyone to catch up to Sanders, however the debate performances ultimately land.
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Epigenetics—an epic challenge to evolution
This growing discipline challenges a number of 'holy cows' of neo-Darwinism
by Marc Ambler
Isogenic agouti mice of the same age and sex. Coat color and obesity depend upon the epigenetic status of a specific allele.
Credit: Wikipedia.org
During the European winter of 1944, Allied troops were pushing toward Germany. In Nazi-occupied Holland, Dutch drivers went on strike to further hinder the German war effort. In retaliation, the Germans began a blockade of the Western Netherlands which, together with a severe winter, resulted in a period of catastrophic deprivation and starvation. The population was reduced to a diet of about a third of their needed daily calorie intake, resulting in approximately 20,000 deaths between November 1944 and May 1945 when the blockade was lifted. People were forced to eat grass and tulip bulbs, and were burning furniture for heat in order to stay alive. This period is known as the Dutch Hunger Winter. The iconic actress Audrey Hepburn1 was a teenager in Holland at the time. The ill health she suffered throughout her life was likely a result of the deprivations of these few months.
Epigenetics suggests that latent genetic information of sorts is sitting in the DNA waiting for a particular environment in order to be switched on or off
One can easily imagine how a severe lack of nutrition could affect the health of the victims. But what about the lives of babies who were still in the womb during that terrible period, and even generations beyond them? Due to excellent registry and health records in the Netherlands, scientists have been able to use this episode as a 'living laboratory', following birth weights and health issues for decades after the end of World War II. This has yielded some startling results.
Babies who were in the first months of gestation during this period were found to have normal birth weights, while more likely to suffer from obesity in their later years. Those exposed to starvation in the last months of gestation were found to be under the average weight at birth, and for the rest of their lives. They were less likely than the general population to be obese.2 Even more startling, these same characteristics seemed to also have passed on to the following generation, the grandchildren of the women starved during those six awful months. This was so despite the fact that the diets of these women, and those of their descendants, returned to normal when the blockade ended.
These and other variations from average suggested that these changes were not just a result of a nutrition deficiency during the development of these children, but that the 'environmental' change represented by the starvation had led to something changing in the expression of their genetic information. In other words, external changes had led to long-term inherited effects.
It was not likely that an environmental change could alter the sequences in their DNA code, which were still going to be the result of the combination of codes from their mother and father. So it must have been the way in which genes were expressed which had been altered by the environment, i.e. while the DNA sequence remained the same, certain genes were switched on or off as a result of outside, environmental stimuli. Scientists have identified the insulin-like growth factor II (a protein coded for by the IGF2 gene) as playing an important role in this.3
Epigenetics: a new discipline
A new discipline was born, the study of epigenetics (over, or above genetics). One of those doing research on this intriguing mechanism, Dr Bas Heijmans, says, "Epigenetics could be a mechanism which allows an individual to adapt rapidly to changed circumstances … It could be that the metabolism of children of the Hunger Winter has been set at a more economical level, driven by epigenetic changes."4 Tel Aviv University neurobiologist Oded Rechavi stated that "the children of Dutch famine victims showed various effects of their heredity that appeared to be a kind of compensation for their parents' starvation."5
Research pointing to changes in the access to genetic information in the DNA (genotype) driven by outside or environmental stimuli, and resulting in a change in the organism (phenotype), is proliferating. Experiments have been done on worms: "Previously, nobody had yet shown that it's enough to change the worms' environmental conditions to cause heredity that isn't dependent on DNA … Because restricting calorie intake apparently extends life, the great-grandchildren of our famished worms lived 1.5 times longer than ordinary worms—despite the fact that they ate no less than any other worm."6
In another example, an RNA silencer, induced in worms as a response to an introduced virus, continued to express itself for more than 100 generations.7
Studies on bison bones found in permafrost in a Canadian gold mine indicated that epigenetic changes in the bison population enabled them to adapt rapidly to changes in climate. These are changes far too rapid for traditional Darwinian models of natural selection to explain. "The bones play a key role in a world-first study, led by University of Adelaide researchers, which analyses special genetic modifications that turn genes on and off, without altering the DNA sequence itself. These 'epigenetic' changes can occur rapidly between generations—without requiring the time for standard evolutionary processes."8
Scientists conducting experiments on agouti mice found that by manipulating nutrition they could switch off a certain gene. When the gene is active ('on') the mice are normally obese and a yellowish colour; by switching the gene off the mice are of a normal, slim appearance, and brown. By feeding a combination of nutrients including vitamin B12 to the mother before mating, the gene was able to be turned off in the babies.9
Evolutionists holding to the paradigm of the Modern Synthesis (neo-Darwinism; that mutations and natural selection explain the diversity of life on earth) have tended to resist strongly the conclusions coming from epigenetic research. In their view, evolution is a slow process of random mutations in the genome, resulting sometimes in a tiny advantage in the phenotype. This is favoured by natural selection, and passed on by Mendelian inheritance to future generations. The gene is seen as the master that controls the outward expression in the cell and the larger organism, an idea made popular in Dawkins' book, The Selfish Gene. The idea that the interaction of the outward form of an organism with the environment passes information back to the genome, or even just affects how the genome 'acts', is anathema to them.
Even worse for evolutionists, epigenetics suggests that latent genetic information of sorts is sitting in the DNA waiting for a particular environment in order to be switched on or off. It is like information in a book with certain pages stapled together, only to be opened and the information acted upon in certain environmental circumstances. If evolution occurs by natural selection, via the environment culling or conserving the effect of random mutations, how can there possibly be a 'suite' of genetic information just waiting there to be switched on by an environment to which the organism has yet to be exposed? It poses another 'chicken or egg' conundrum to the myriad that already challenge evolutionists.
Junk DNA junked (again!)
It also adds another nail in the coffin of the so-called 'junk DNA' idea. As only a very small percentage of DNA codes directly for protein, evolutionists had been quick to promote the notion of junk DNA. They claimed that most DNA is 'vestigial'; left over from eons of random trial and error mutations. In fact, neo-Darwinist evolution demands this because the vast majority of mutations are thought to confer no selection advantage or disadvantage and so would just 'sit there' in the DNA.
It was clearly premature to label this DNA as 'junk'
A corollary of this belief is 'pseudogenes'; DNA sequences that look like genes but do not appear to code for protein, like normal genes; i.e. they are believed to be non-functional, having mutated from once-functional genes. This idea based on ignorance is used by scientists such as Francis Collins to argue that modern humans are related to certain apes which share the same 'pseudogenes'. If these are indeed genes that have degenerated by random copying errors, this would seem to have some merit. Common functional genes could indicate common design but organisms sharing the same genes that are a result of random errors would point by the laws of probability to them being related, much as common mistakes on exam papers would indicate a cribbing relationship between those sharing the mistakes. However, many different functions for 'pseudogenes' are being discovered, including roles in epigenetic modification of gene expression.10 These discoveries are relentlessly helping destroy one of the major claimed 'proofs' of the common descent of apes and men.
Denis Noble, a British biologist who held the Chair of Cardiovascular Physiology at the University of Oxford from 1984 to 2004, wrote a paper on the implications of epigenetics for neo-Darwinism. Though an evolutionist, he says, "It was clearly premature to label this DNA as 'junk'".11 He is recommending a complete re-think of the neo-Darwinian mechanisms of evolution—random mutations and natural selection. Unsurprisingly he is coming under attack for daring to challenge the status quo.
Another reason many neo-Darwinian evolutionists have been so opposed to epigenetics (though the undeniable evidence is forcing at least a grudging acceptance) is that it seems to be a resurrection of the idea of 'inheritance of acquired characteristics'. This was the view of the French naturalist Jean-Baptiste Lamarck. He believed that characteristics acquired by an organism during its lifetime (for example an animal 'acquiring' a longer neck by having to stretch for high leaves on trees) could be passed on to its descendants. For Lamarck this was an evolutionary mechanism. Darwin himself seemed sympathetic to the idea and alluded to it a number of times in his Origin of Species. But due to the implied movement toward a goal that Lamarck called Le pouvoir de la vie (the power of life), with possible metaphysical implications, the notion was rejected by neo-Darwinists.
Noble argues that epigenetics seems to vindicate aspects of Lamarckian ideas. He quotes John Maynard Smith, himself an influential neo-Darwinian, as having said in 1998 that Lamarckism "is not so obviously false as is sometimes made out".12 Noble continues to use the term 'inheritance of acquired characteristics'. This seems to completely miss the point! Epigenetic research indicates that these new characteristics are not acquired, but merely 'turned on'; all the information for the new characteristic shown in an organism was already there in the DNA, and activated by environmental stimuli. Someone turning on a vehicle air conditioner in response to high temperatures would not claim at that moment that the car had 'acquired' an air conditioner. The vehicle was manufactured with one; the activation of the air conditioner was in response to environmental conditions, and improved the 'survival' conditions in the vehicle. 'Inheritance of switched-on characteristics' would seem to be a better label for epigenetics.
Professor Alan Cooper of the University of Adelaide's Australian Centre for Ancient DNA (ACAD) says: "The climate record shows that very rapid change has been a persistent feature of the recent past, and organisms would need to adapt to these changes in their environment equally quickly. Standard mutation and selection processes are likely to be too slow in many of these situations."13 And so the study of epigenetics promises to potentially answer many questions for scientists working on models of biblical creation. Could it be one of the mechanisms that our omniscient and omnipotent God used to prepare the various kinds He created to adapt rapidly to different environments after the Fall (and subsequently the Flood)? Children born soon after the Dutch Hunger Winter, and their children after them, with their smaller physiques, would have been more likely to survive an extended famine. In the same manner, epigenetic processes in many organisms, with feedback from the environment regulating the switching on and off of certain genes, could have been one of God's mechanisms enabling creatures to respond rapidly to environmental change. This contrasts with the mere 'chance' expression of various possible combinations within the God-given mechanism of Mendelian genetics, 'selected' by a survival of the fittest process (and the survivors then passing those characteristics on to their offspring).
Could skin, feather and fur colours have been more the result of epigenetic pre-programming activating after the Flood in animals and after Babel in humans, with those 'switched-on' genes then passed on to further generations by conventional genetics (transgenerational epigenetics)? Could apparently significant differences in different species, otherwise very similar to each other, have been the result of epigenetic switching within the same kind, but in different environments? For example, the thick fur and sebaceous (oil) glands in the woolly mammoths would have enabled them to survive very cold climates. Modern elephants lack these characteristics and yet in so many other ways are extremely similar to them.
The physiology associated with carnivory—tooth design, shortened gut and so on—could it also potentially be explained by epigenetics? Perhaps these characteristics were switched on simultaneously in many members of a population in response to environmental change at the Fall.14
Epigenetic research is gathering momentum, revealing another layer of breath-taking design. The 'junk DNA' and 'pseudogene' paradigm is fast crumbling along with neo-Darwinism itself. One senses that scientists are just beginning to scratch the surface of the "fearfully and wonderfully made"15 phenomenon that is life.
Carey, N. The Epigenetics Revolution: How Modern Biology Is Rewriting Our Understanding of Genetics, Disease, and Inheritance, Columbia University Press, 2012, accessed http://www.naturalhistorymag.com/features/142195/beyond-dna-epigenetics, 2 April, 2015. Return to text.
Lumey, L. H., Reproductive outcomes in women prenatally exposed to undernutrition: a review of findings from the Dutch famine birth cohort, Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 57(1):129-135, February 1998; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/PNS19980019. Return to text.
Bastiaan T., et al., Persistent epigenetic differences associated with prenatal exposure to famine in humans, PNAS 105(44):17046–17049, doi: 10.1073/pnas.0806560105. Return to text.
Lumey, Ref. 1. Return to text.
Efrati, I, Study: Effects of starvation can affect several generations (in worms, anyway), 29 July 2014; haartez.com. Return to text.
Efrati, Ref. 4 Return to text.
Noble, D, Physiology is rocking the foundations of evolutionary biology, Research by Rechavi et al., quoted in Experimental Physiology 98(8):1235–1243, August 2013; doi: 10.1113/expphysiol.2012.071134. Return to text.
University of Adelaide, DNA holds clues to climate change adaptation, 2 June 2012; jpost.com. Return to text.
Waterland R.A., Jirtle R.L., Transposable elements: targets for early nutritional effects on epigenetic gene regulation, Mol Cell Biol. 23(15):5293-300, 2003. Return to text.
Roberts, T. C., and Morris, K. V., Not so pseudo anymore: pseudogenes as therapeutic targets, Pharmacogenomics 14(16):2023–2034. doi:10.2217/pgs.13.172, 2013. Return to text.
Noble, Denis, Physiology is rocking the foundations of evolutionary biology, Experimental Physiology 98(8):1235–1243, August 2013; doi: 10.1113/expphysiol.2012.071134. Return to text.
Noble, Ref. 6 Return to text.
Cooper, A., Ancient DNA holds clues to climate change adaptation, January 2012; adelaide.edu.au. Return to text.
Noble, Ref. 6. Return to text.
Psalm 139:14. Return to text.
Darwin's Lamarckism vindicated?
'Junk' DNA: evolutionary discards or God's tools?
Pseudogenes
The genetic puppeteer
Evolution's Achilles' Heels
by Nine Ph.D. scientists
Genetic Entropy
by Dr John Sanford
Refuting Evolution
by Jonathan Sarfati
eReader (.epub)
Programming of Life


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GretschTech
Behemoth Frontman Drops Video for New Side Project
Adam "Nergal" Darski of Polish death metal band Behemoth has partnered with British/Polish rock musician John Porter for a new side project called Me And That Man.
The duo has drawn heavily from blues, country and folk for their upcoming debut effort, Songs of Love and Death, due out March 24.
"With Me And That Man, the songs just come out in a very organic way," said Nergal. "One would be bluesy, one would be more of a ballad, but put together they all made sense. I need Me And That Man to keep the balance, as the potential of my mother band seems limitless. It gets bigger and bigger, more advanced and more sophisticated… and darker …and blacker. But Me And That Man is at the opposite pole, artistically speaking. With all the best art, once you have it in you, you have to release it, otherwise it becomes intoxicating and dangerous to your own system. This is how I deal with my emotions and my dark feelings and shadows. This is not happy music, but it's liberating."
Having already dropped lead single "My Church is Black" earlier this year, the duo has now debuted the official video for "Ain't Much Loving." Watch the somber tune below …
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Sheldon S. Wolin
10.1353/tae.1991.0003
Sheldon Wolin (bio)
The impetus for this brief commentary came from Jeffrey Isaac's essay, "The Strange Silence of Political Theory." Political Theory, Nov., 1995) Professor Isaac's principal claim was that the failure of American political theorists to theorize about the significance of the overthrow of Soviet-style regimes and of the Central European dissident movement that had helped to bring it about was symptomatic of a more general failing to respond to "the possibility of new forms of democratic citizenship and new forms of authoritarian reaction." (p.649) Although I might disagree with Isaac's understanding of the significance of the events of 1989 and agree in principle that it is important for political theorists to engage the ideas spawned by Solidarity and Charter 77, I am not persuaded that he has explained the reasons for "the strange silence." He points to the professionalization of theory, the overemphasis on canonical texts, and an aesthetic aversion to "practical political problems located in space and time, in particular places, with particular histories" (p. 643). Again, there may be something to be said for each of these considerations, but taken as a whole they do not seem to account for the virtually blanket-indictment levelled against political theorists.
Let me attempt to reformulate Isaac's indictment and reframe the question: let us call the problem a failure of political sensibility. By that I mean an inability or refusal to articulate a conception of the political in the midst of wildly differing claims about it, some of them issuing from nontraditional claimants. What can account for that dissociation of sensibility? By that question I mean to shift discussion from the question, "What is wrong with political theory today?" to the question, "Why is political theory so difficult today?"
Let me begin to attempt an answer by quoting a phrase which Isaac uses with reference to Central Europe, "the dramatic experience of our time." The word "dramatic" is, I would suggest, a way of conceding that political theory is a difficult undertaking these days, and precisely in reaction to that uncertainty 1989 acquires an unambiguousness that then relieves our difficulties. But a different sensibility, while acknowledging the "dramatic" character of 1989, might object to the formulation "our time," with its implication of a homogeneous, shared time. The objection is in part that there is no single shared "political time," only culturally constituted different times. Their self-conscious character produces the equivalent of a different time zone that contributes to a disruption and undermines the possibility of a common narrative structure and, along with it, a common identity — formerly a staple element in conceptions of the political. These diverse time zones help to promote (what can be called) "the instability of political time" and to expose a broader political problem, one which I can best approach through the language of temporality. I am referring to a pervasive temporal disjunction that has contributed to serious political difficulties and helped to make the task of the theorist daunting.
Starkly put, political time is out of synch with the temporalities, rhythms, and pace governing economy and culture. Political time, especially in societies with pretensions to democracy, requires an element of leisure, not in the sense of a leisure class (which is the form in which the ancient writers conceived it), but in the sense, say, of a leisurely pace. This is owing to the needs of political action to be preceded by deliberation and deliberation, as its "deliberate" part suggests, takes time because, typically, it occurs in a setting of competing or conflicting but legitimate considerations. Political time is conditioned by the presence of differences and the attempt to negotiate them. The results of negotiations, whether successful or not, preserve time: consider the times preserved in the various failed attempts to deal with the secession crises prior to the Civil War. Thus time is "taken" in deliberation yet "saved." That political time has a preservative function. is not surprising. Since time immemorial political authorities have been charged with preserving bodies, goods, souls, practices, and circumscribed ways of life.
Political theory might also be said to be governed by political time. It has its...