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Iowa City Area Transit Study
Iowa City Area Transit Study News
Friday, April 16, 2021 - 11:30am
Transit changes proposed at virtual presentation April 29
Wednesday, January 15, 2020 - 1:30pm
Transit Study: City seeks feedback on possible route changes
Map of transit routes and stops, effective 8/2/21.
Bus schedules by route, effective 8/2/21.
The City Council approved the Iowa City Area Transit Study Plan and recommended changes within on June 1, 2021. Changes to fare and transfer policies will be effective July 6, 2021. The changes to the routes, stops, and bus schedule will be effective on 8/2. Read the full presentation to City Council here.
The new bus schedules will be formally published in late June, early July. Transportation staff will be available at an info booth at the Downtown Interchange in the coming months to help with any questions.
Overview of proposed changes: Arabic, Spanish, French, Chinese
Proposed routes, stops, and service changes:
Route flyers
Maps of routes: Arabic, Spanish, French, Chinese
Proposed changes to fare, passes, and transfer policies. General fare remains at $1/ride: Arabic, Spanish, French, Chinese
Proposed public transit/transportation enhancements
Submit your questions or comments about the changes here
Contact ICTransit@iowa-city.org, or call 319-356-5151 with any questions or comments about the changes.
Iowa City Area Transit Study Introduction
The City Council's Strategic Plan calls for the City "to undertake a comprehensive assessment of Iowa City's public transit system and to implement changes to assure that the service best meets the needs of the entire community."
The City also recently adopted a Climate Action Plan which calls for a shift of 55% of vehicular trips to more sustainable methods of transportation such as biking, walking, or transit to meet greenhouse gas emission reduction goals by 2050. To reach these goals and to provide more reliable service for those that use transit every day, the transit system will need to meet the needs of a greater number of residents and visitors.
In response, the City Council authorized an agreement with transportation planning firm Nelson-Nygaard Consulting Associates for a Comprehensive Operations Analysis (aka Transit Study) of Iowa City's transit system. The City of Coralville and the University of Iowa (CAMBUS), the partner transit agencies within the metro area, are also included in the study.
What will the study do?
The study will be comprehensive in nature, reviewing many aspects of the transit system including (but not limited to):
Hours of operation (including Sunday service)
Frequency of service
Analysis of a zero-fare system within Iowa City
Fares/passes
Bus stop amenities
Components of the study will be informed by ridership data collection, review of the existing system, public engagement, and understanding of public priorities, and will be augmented by the technical analysis and expertise of the consultant team to propose system enhancements.
The study will also consider emerging transportation technologies and solutions to help address current and future transportation challenges, strategies to improve coordination between local agencies, and will culminate in a set of service recommendations and associated costs to help guide decision making.
There will be multiple opportunities for public input/participation throughout the process. We encourage you to bookmark this page or subscribe to email updates via the link below.
Study Goals
Transit Study Documents
Proposed Scenario Maps (existing funding levels)
Scenario Descriptions
Scenario Service Frequency, Span, and Route Level Changes
Transit Vision for the Future (requires additional funding)
Existing Transit System Map
Preferred Alternative Transit System Route Design Map
City Council Work Session Presentation of ICATS Recommendations
Iowa City Area Transit Study Draft Plan Chapters
0. Front Matter
3. Plan Review
5. Transit in Iowa City Metro Area
6. Route Profiles
7. Scenario Development
8. Outreach Summary
9. Preferred Alternative
10. Transit Infrastructure and Zero-Emissions Transition Considerations
11. Vision for Transit
Appendix A: Ridership Maps
Appendix B: Route Profiles
Appendix C: Survey Instruments
Appendix D: Fare Study
Proposed Transit System Changes
Overview of Proposed Changes
Proposed Route Map
Fare and Fare Policy Changes
Proposed Route Details - by route
1-South Iowa City: Arabic, Spanish, French, Chinese
2-Court Street: Arabic, Spanish, French, Chinese
3-Eastside Loop (AM &PM school-hours trips only): Arabic, Spanish, French, Chinese
4-Downtown Shuttle: Arabic, Spanish, French, Chinese
5-Lower Muscatine/Kirkwood: Arabic, Spanish, French, Chinese
6-Peninsula: Arabic, Spanish, French, Chinese
7-North Dodge: Arabic, Spanish, French, Chinese
8-Oakcrest: Arabic, Spanish, French, Chinese
9-Towncrest: Arabic, Spanish, French, Chinese
10-West Iowa City: Arabic, Spanish, French, Chinese
11-Rochester: Arabic, Spanish, French, Chinese
12-Highway 1: Arabic, Spanish, French, Chinese
13-South Gilbert: Arabic, Spanish, French, Chinese
Proposed Preferred Alternative Transit System Design
The concept for the Preferred Alternative transit system design evolved from the three different scenarios that were presented to the public in January 2020 and are reflective of technical analysis, community input, and based on best practices and guiding principles.
The Preferred Alternative transit system design is an optimized version of our current transit system, using the existing financial, staffing, and capital resources available.
The proposed routes are focused on arterial streets and shifted away from local streets and private roads when possible to provide faster, more frequent, and more reliable service.
Shifting route design away from ineffective loop routes (which often require longer bus rides) to bi-directional "out and back" routes.
Simplifying the system so it is easier to understand by eliminating the night and weekend versions of routes. Each route will follow the same path no matter the day of the week or time of day.
All routes are available on Saturdays except the Downtown Shuttle and Eastside Loop, which currently do not run on the weekend.
Increased the frequency of service (more buses per hour) on core routes.
Better connections to major shopping designations/retail job centers.
Some areas will have longer walks to service.
Transit service in areas with overlapping routes or very low ridership is shifted to adjacent routes or areas of greater need.
Changes to the transit system routes and stops are planned for the summer of 2021.
Click on the map image for an interactive, live map.
Transit Stops
In late 2020, Iowa City Transit field evaluated all existing and proposed transit stops taking into consideration bus stop spacing standards, surrounding destinations, and the density of residential housing or commercial development. Proposed routes and stop locations can be viewed here. A formal bus schedule with arrival times for each route and bus stop location will be published later this summer.
Existing Transit Services versus Proposed Transit Service Comparison
As indicated above, transit routes and stops have been evaluated as part of the transit study. Other aspects of the system, including the number of buses available at a rate per hour (bus frequency) and the hours of operation, were also evaluated. Under the proposed transit system design, you no longer need to learn different routes for weekdays, evenings, and weekends. Each route will follow the same path no matter the day of the week or time of day. This is designed to help simplify the system and make it easier to understand. A general overview of the current transit system's routes, frequency of service, and service hours are posted below with the proposed transit system service level changes. As a reminder, the Preferred Alternative transit system design was developed considering Iowa City Transit's current levels of funding, staffing, and capital resources.
The study indicated a clear desire from the community for additional transit and mobility services (e.g. Sunday service, later service, overnight transportation), should additional funding be allocated towards mobility improvements. The Vision for Future Transportation: Transit and Mobility Enhancements section below provides more details on these potential enhancements.
Click here for a high-resolution image of the existing service levels chart.
Click here for a high-resolution image of the preferred alternative service levels chart.
Changes to Fare and Fare Policies
One goal of the ICATS transit study is to bring metro area fare and fare policies into better alignment to benefit metro-area travelers. The ICATS consultant team developed recommendations on how to simplify the fare system and improve coordination between transit agencies. In the fall of 2020, Iowa City and Coralville began a dialogue regarding the potential implementation of ICATS recommendations. For a more detailed analysis of the recommended fare changes, click here. For a quick overview of the proposed fare changes, read the Fare and Fare Policy Changes documents.
Vision for Future Transportation: Transit and Mobility Enhancements
One clear message from the public through the ICATS process is that the transportation and mobility needs of the community are significant and far exceed the public transit service currently available. In response, the study identified nine enhancements that could help improve the transit system or reduce transportation challenges if additional funding were acquired.
The nine enhancements were presented to the City Council at their October 6th and October 20th Work Sessions and are available here. The City Council directed staff to further evaluate several enhancements to improve mobility in Iowa City including:
Later Weekday and Saturday Service
"Night Owl Service" to help fill the transportation gap during overnight/weekend hours when transit is not in operation
At their March 2, 2021, Work Session, the City Council considered seven potential options for enhancing transportation on Sundays, during the evening hours after transit no longer runs, and during the overnight hours.
The options ranged from expanding fixed-route bus service, to on-demand partnerships with local transportation providers or transportation network companies. The City Council directed staff to move forward and plan for a two-year Sunday service pilot at an estimated cost of $1,560,000, to be funded temporarily through one-time federal COVID transit recovery funding. Near the end of the pilot, the City Council will evaluate and formally consider whether to continue Sunday service with funding from other sources. The Sunday service pilot will commence in late 2021 or early 2022.
At the March 2nd, 2021 meeting, the City Council also indicated an interest in further exploring transportation service partnerships to support off-transit hours transportation needs. The Council asked staff to further research and refine potential on-demand service scenarios and bring them back for further review. The March 2, 2021, City Council Work Session presentation on public transportation enhancements is available online.
Iowa City Transit will be presenting the proposed route, stop, and service changes at a virtual public presentation on Thursday, April 29th at 6:30 pm via the Zoom platform. The City Council will formally consider the adoption of the Iowa City Area Transit Study plan on June 1st, with fare and transfer policy changes coming July 6th and transit system route, stop and schedule changes coming on August 2nd. See the timeline below for more details.
Timeline of Events (Updated April 2021)
The study was initially expected to be completed in the summer of 2020, however, delays were incurred as a result of the pandemic. Changes to routes, stops, and the transit schedule will be implemented in the summer of 2021.
August – Kickoff meeting with the consultant team
Phase I Public Outreach: September – Ridership data collected on each transit route. An on-board survey was administered to approximately 1,000 Iowa City Transit riders gathering basic demographic data, information about their transit trip, and desired service enhancements.
Phase II Public Outreach: November – Public meetings held in Iowa City, Coralville, and on the University of Iowa campus with over 90 attendees. Twelve stakeholder meetings were held with area social service, economic development, and educational organizations. Received over 1300 responses to the "Design Your Own Transit System" online tool to gauge public feedback about relative preference for different transit amenities.
October to November – Consultant team performed background review and market analysis, developed route profiles/maps, performed evaluation of University of Iowa student travel behaviors, performed an evening route analysis, and finalized a report on the existing conditions related to the transit system's current operations.
November to December – Using public feedback, developed alternate service scenarios.
Phase III Public Outreach: January – Held Open House public meetings in Iowa City, on the University campus, and in Coralville to present three different concepts for transit system service in the metro area with over 150 attendees. Concept 1 focused on increasing the frequency of service, Concept 2 focused on simplifying coverage, and Concept 3 (for Iowa City only) involved restructuring and improving weekend and evening service. Received 1,400 responses to an online survey relating to the three potential transit service scenarios.
March – Began development of preferred alternative transit system design based on feedback from the three alternative scenarios proposed to the public in January 2020. Transit study placed on hold in late March due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Develop goals for review of fares, review passes, and policies, evaluate fare structure, perform zero-fare analysis for Iowa City, research ticketless mobile fare solutions.
August – Reconvened transit study. Developed a draft preferred alternative based on community feedback from three distinct service scenarios presented in January and current funding levels. Developed recommendations for changes to fare policies to improve consistency amongst the metro-area transit systems. Developed potential enhancements to transit service and general mobility based on community input. These potential enhancements would require additional funding.
October – Presented to the City Council a draft preferred transit system design developed to provide faster, more frequent, and more reliable service while simplifying the system and improving evening and weekend service. Staff also presented fare recommendations and a list of nine potential service enhancements. The City Council indicated a desire to further review the expansion of evening service, Sunday service, and "night-owl" service that would operate when transit is not in service. The City Council indicated a desire to evaluate both fixed-route and micro transit or on-demand options. The City Council also indicated a desire to seek ways in which Iowa City and Coralville fares and fare policies can bring into better alignment.
November to December – Perform final field review of all route and stop recommendations, develop scenarios for potential transit/transportation service enhancements and present those options to the City Council, finalize Iowa City Area Transit Study document.
January to February – Finalize Iowa City Area Transit Study draft plan and proposed transit system design changes including routes, stops, and service changes.
February – Commence development of draft bus schedule.
March – on March 2nd, the City Council to consider options for enhancing transportation services available on Sundays, during the late evening, and overnight hours.
April – Publish proposed route, stop, service, fare and pass, and transfer policy changes. Publish draft Iowa City Area Transit Study draft plan chapters for review. On April 29th, a Virtual Presentation will be held to introduce the public to the proposed changes to the transit system
June – On June 1st host a public hearing on the proposed changes to the transit system at the City Council meeting; and City Council to formally consider adoption of the Iowa City Area Transit Study plan. Finalize development of new bus schedule.
July 6, 2021 – Upon City Council approval, implement fare, fare policy, and transfer policy changes.
August 2, 2021 – Upon City Council approval, implement preliminary transit system design changes.
Listen to the Iowa City Matters "Traveling with Transit" Podcast for a detailed conversation about area transit service.
Contact Director of Transportation Services Darian Nagle-Gamm for more information about the study at 319-356-5156 or email darian-nagle-gamm@iowa-city.org.
Sign up to receive updates and information directly through email at www.icgov.org/subscribe, and select the category "Transit Study Updates."


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Limestone stela of Nebipusenusret in form of pylon with cavetto cornice; low relief figured scenes; columns and rows of Hieroglyphic text.
12th Dynasty
1800BC (c.)
Found/Acquired: Abydos
Height: 100.50 centimetres
Width: 66 centimetres
$Inscriptions
Published : PM V: p. 96. HTBM 2: Plates 1-2. Blackman, JEA 21 (1935), 1-9, pl. I. Quirke, S, 1996 in Fs. Simpson, p. 674. Vernus, RdE 28, p. 140; N. Strudwick, Masterpieces of Ancient Egypt, London 2006, pp. 94-5. Translation: Lichtheim, Ancient Egyptian Autobiographies (OBO 84): p.122-124
Strudwick N 2006 This stela takes the form of a rectangular slab with a cornice at the top, with a round moulding (a 'torus', a representation of the original vegetation binding at the tops and sides of walls) at the upper, right, and left sides. The decoration is divided into three areas. The upper register displays the name of king Senwosret III in the centre, with a figure of the owner on either side, accompanied by a text referring to the gods Osiris (left) and Wepwawet (right). The central register shows Nebipusenwosret seated at an offering table, with a text to the right that lists some of his titles and gives some intriguing information about the stela's origin. The lower register consists of an address in seven lines to the priests of the Abydos temples and a prayer for offerings. The quality of the carving is uniformly good. Nebipusenwosret served under both Senwosret III and his son Amenemhat III. The latter's sed or jubilee festival is mentioned in the central text, so it is possible that the stela was made after Amenemhat's thirtieth year, when the festival was probably first celebrated (though this might have been earlier: see registration no. 1903,1010.1). Perhaps the most interesting item in the stela is this text in the central register: 'This stela went south in the charge of the eldest lector-priest Ibi, when the priesthood of the temple came to see the king in his perfect festival of eternity.' Clearly the stela was not set up by its owner in person; Nebipusenwosret claims to have 'grown up at the feet of the king' and was probably an official in the royal residence at Lisht, just north of the Faiyum. He thus presumably took advantage of the convenient visit of a group of priests to have his stela set up at Abydos. The sands of Abydos have produced more stelae, particularly of the Middle Kingdom, than any other site in Egypt. The reason is not hard to find: many people wanted to commemorate themselves in the presence of the god of the dead, Osiris, and the local necropolis deity, Wepwawet. Both are mentioned on Nebipusenwosret's stela. It is important to realize that most of these stelae belonged to people who were not buried there. People might have made a pilgrimage to the holy city and left a stela there, or, as in the present case, they might have someone else do it for them ('pilgrimage by proxy'). Many stelae were set up in small chapels, commemorating a whole family, and there could be several stelae per chapel. Only one other stela seems to mention Nebipusenwosret, if he is indeed identical to the Nebipu mentioned on Cairo CG 20235.
Strudwick 2006 / Masterpieces of Ancient Egypt (pp.94-95)
On display (G4/B22)
Purchased from: Henry Salt
Purchased through: Sotheby's
BM/Big number
Additional IDs
Miscellaneous number: BS.101 (Birch Slip Number)
Treatment: 07 Sep 2000
Treatment: 20 Feb 2015

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Sam Snead - Professional Golfer, Birthday and Childhood
Home › American › Sam SneadMay 27, 1912150 views
Sam Snead Biography Stories
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AmericanSportspersonsGolfersGemini Celebrities
Sam Snead's Personal Details
Sam Snead was a professional American golfer
Died on May 23, 2002
Famous Professional Golfer, Sportspersons, Golfers
Nick names Slammin' Sammy
Spouses Audrey Karnes
Siblings Homer
Known as Samuel Jackson Snead
Childrens Sam Snead
Valley High School
Birth Place Ashwood
Father Harry Snead
Mother Laura Snead
Sun Sign Gemini
Born in Ashwood
Famous as Professional Golfer
Died at Age 89
// Famous Professional Golfer
Sam Snead's photo
Who is Sam Snead?
Tim Fenchem once said—"No one will ever duplicate Sam Snead. No one will ever surpass Sam Snead because he was so unique"; and so he was. Sam Snead is remembered as one of the titans of golf, who remained competitive in massive proportions, well into his last years, leaving behind a tremendous legacy at the time of his death. He won a record 82 PGA Tour events, including seven majors. Overall he had a total 165 Professional wins in his whole career. His tremendous contributions and achievements in the field of golf earned him numerous titles and accolades including the Vardon Trophy and the 'PGA Tour Lifetime Achievement Award'. When Snead started out, he had never taken a single professional lesson or course in golf. He was an amateur who was destined for greatness and dominated the sport for nearly four decades during his tenure. His classic trademark style was his fluid, 'powerful swing' and his straw hat. He would also walk out on the field barefoot; making him one of the most passé yet poised players of the 20th century.
// Famous Sportspersons
Sam Snead was born on May 27, 1912, in Ashwood, Virginia, Near Hot Springs.
As a young boy, he was raised on a farm near the small town of Ashwood and was expected to get into squirrel hunting, which was a tradition for all rural boys in Virginia. However, he was very drawn to sports and was an all-round athlete when he was in school, making it to the football and the track-team.
It is believed that this young boy played golf with a crooked stick and stones that he collected. His first real introduction to the game was when he was picked as a caddy at the age of 15 at a Hot Springs golf course, not far from his home.
He and his friends would walk barefoot to the course and caddy for professional players and earn a little money in the process. This eventually got him hooked to the sport.
He soon worked as an assistant pro at 'The Homestead' at the age of 19 and turned to professional golf in 1934. Two years later, he joined the PGA Tour and accomplished instant triumph.
In 1936, he won two golf bouts at the Meadow Brook Club, earning a $10,000 fee. This fee helped him financially and helped him play the sport full time.
1937 was his first full year on the Tour, where he won five events, including the Oakland Open at Claremont Country Club in California. The same year, he played in the US Pro Tennis Championship, losing to Karel Kozeluh. The next year, he won the Greater Greensboro Open.
In 1942, he was conscripted to the US Navy during World War II, where he served as an athletic specialist in San Diego. After a back injury, he was given a medical discharge from the army.
In 1944, he was made a head pro at 'The Greenbrier Resort' in White Sulphur Springs, in West Virginia. Six years later, he won 11 events, achieving third place overall after Byron Nelson and Ben Hogan.
In 1952, at the Jacksonville Open, he forfeited rather than playing against Doug Ford, after the duo's match ended in a tie at the finish of the regulation play.
He played in a controversial match against Mason Rudolph at the Mid Ocean Club in Bermuda, in December 1959. He deliberately lost that match after he discovered he had too many golf clubs in his bag on the 12th hole. The match was tied at that stage. As per the Rules of Golf a player is limited to 14 clubs and hence Snead would have been immediately disqualified. He also captained a Ryder Cup team in 1959.
In 1962, he participated in and won the Royal Poinciana Plaza Invitational and became the only man to ever win an endorsed LPGA Tour Event. The same year, he wrote his autobiography, 'The Education of a Golfer'.
In 1965, he participated in the Greater Greensboro Open and was the oldest player to win a PGA Tour event at the time.
He once again captained a Ryder Cup team in 1969. Two years later, he won the PGA Club Professional at Pinehurst Resort.
He participated in a US Open, aged 61, in 1973. The next year, he was seen at the PGA Championship to finish tied for third, three hits behind winner, Lee Trevino.
He participated in the 'Legends of Golf' event and won the tournament, in 1978.
In 1980, he participated in the 'Golf Digest Commemorative Pro-Am', which was also a senior win for him. Two years later, he participated in and won the 'Liberty Mutual Legends of Golf', along with Don January.
In 1983, he was seen playing at 'The Homestead' in Hot Springs, Virginia, where he shot a round of 60.
He played at the Old White course of 'The Greenbrier' in White Sulphur Springs, West Virginia, in 1997, where he shot a round of 78. The next year, he was awarded for his contributions to golf.
Till 2002, he hit the symbolic 'starting tee shot' at the significant, 'The Masters'. In his final years, he wrote a number of instructional guides and columns for golf magazines.
From 1939 to 1955, he won the Vardon Trophy four times.
In 1949, he was presented the 'PGA Player of the Year' Award.
He was the only player to post a top-10 finish in at least one major championship in five different decades.
He was inducted into the 'World Golf Hall of Fame', in 1974.
He is the holder of the title of 'Most PGA Tour Victories' (82).
In 1998, he was honored with the 'PGA Tour Lifetime Achievement Award'.
Sam Snead was best known for playing his tournaments barefoot and also wore his signature straw hat while playing.
He married Audrey in 1940 and had two sons; Sam Jr. and Terry. The couple remained together till Audrey's death in 1990
He passed away on May 23, 2002, in Hot Springs, Virginia following complications from a stroke, four days before his 90th birthday.
He was inducted posthumously, into the West Virginia Golf Hall of Fame, in 2009.
This American golfer's most famous quote was 'Keep close count of your nickels and dimes, stay away from whiskey and never concede a putt'.
This famous professional golfer was fondly known as 'Slammin' Sammy' for his 'perfect swing' in golf.
// Famous Golfers
Sam Snead awards
1998 - PGA Tour Lifetime Achievement Award
Sam Snead biography timelines
// 27th May 1912
// 23rd May 2002
// Famous American
Sam Snead's FAQ
What is Sam Snead birthday?
Sam Snead was born at 1912-05-27
When was Sam Snead died?
Sam Snead was died at 2002-05-23
Where was Sam Snead died?
Sam Snead was died in Virginia
Which age was Sam Snead died?
Sam Snead was died at age 89
Where is Sam Snead's birth place?
Sam Snead was born in Ashwood
What is Sam Snead nationalities?
Sam Snead's nationalities is American
What is Sam Snead nick names?
Sam Snead's nickNames is Slammin' Sammy
Who is Sam Snead spouses?
Sam Snead's spouses is Audrey Karnes
Who is Sam Snead siblings?
Sam Snead's siblings is Homer
Who is Sam Snead childrens?
Sam Snead's childrens is Sam Snead
What was Sam Snead universities?
Sam Snead studied at Valley High School, Hot Springs, VA
Who is Sam Snead's father?
Sam Snead's father is Harry Snead
Who is Sam Snead's mother?
Sam Snead's mother is Laura Snead
What is Sam Snead's sun sign?
Sam Snead is Gemini
How famous is Sam Snead?
Sam Snead is famouse as Professional Golfer


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"Education: Choice and Transparency"
The NH Liberty Alliance hosted its 10th (can you imagine?) annual Liberty Dinner at Dell-Lea in Chichester, NH, on 7/14/2013. This year's keynote speaker was the honorable Jason Bedrick. The NHLA blurb on Jason goes something like this:
Jason Bedrick is a policy analyst with Cato's Center for Educational Freedom. Bedrick has extensive policy research experience, including detailed legislative development and analysis. He previously served as a legislator in the New Hampshire House of Representatives and was a research fellow at the Josiah Bartlett Center for Public Policy, where he focused on state education policy. Bedrick received his Master's in Public Policy, with a focus in education policy, from the John F. Kennedy School of Government at Harvard University. His thesis, "Choosing to Learn", assessed the scholarship tax credit programs operating in eight states including their impact of student performance, fiscal impact, program design, and popularity.
Btw, the Activist of the Year was Kirk McNeil, from NH Common Sense and NH Compassion, for finally succeeding in getting medical marijuana past a NH governor's desk (though while promised, it's still technically pending at this writing), and the Legislator of the Year was my own Mark Warden, becoming the first two-time winner of that honor (one that the aforementioned Jason Bedrick has earned, himself, in 2008). Give 'em a couple days to get it posted, but see the entire Liberty Rating (and the historic record thereof) here.
And This Is What 'Found Family' Looks Like
Dan Bridgeland departed this plane in early July, 2013. I don't believe I ever met Dan officially, but I'm confident that he was a kindred spirit. Attendance at his memorial service, held by the Church of the Sword in Manchester, NH on 7/14/2013 and here represented, easily confirms that. I deeply regret his departure for an ostensibly better world, particularly before I got to know him.
Your humble chronicler was there in the fall/winter of 2003-2004, mere months after the Free State Project announced its participants' voted state choice, at the first coordinated in-state meetings of what would transform by April into the Merrimack Valley Porcupines meetings -- still arguably the largest and most consequential monthly libertarian gatherings in the country, perhaps the world. Probably at least half the "porcs" already in NH at the time were there, by my recollection, and we easily fit at one table in a back corner at Martha's Exchange in Nashua, but very soon to move north to the more centrally located Milly's Tavern in Manchester.
How far this movement has already come since then. And either our community is, indeed, disproportionately beset, as it sometimes feels, by tragedy and drama and loss and sorrow, or... Or our community is in fact already far larger and more committed to each other on a personal level than we may often give it credit for being. So perhaps the percentages aren't so skewed after all. And just look at the benefits.
We are community. Voluntary community. And we are mighty in part because we are many. Already. And we are many because of principled individuals like Dan.
Thank you, Dan, for having been -- for still being part of this community. This - you, faithful reader -- is his legacy. Let's make him proud. Every day.
Obituary For: Daniel J. Bridgeland
Labels: Free State Project


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...stinguished Service Medal for exceptional leadership. General Cook holds a master of business administration (MBA) from Southern Illinois University, as well as a bachelor's degree from Michigan State University. He is a...
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Inspira Financial Appoints Randy Berholtz to the Board of Directors
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...ncial Inc. (Inspira or the Company) (TSXV:LND), is pleased to announce the appointment of Randy Berholtz, JD, MBA, to the board of directors of the Company... ...
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Condé Nast Appoints Former Pandora Chief As Its New CEO
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...ecializing in technology, and a member of the physics technical staff at Hughes Aircraft Company. He holds an MBA from Dartmouth College and a BS in physics from the University of Southern California. "I have long admire...
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Press Releases>Technology>Networking Technology>Technology Associates>
Technology Associates
Technology Associates Named to Top 100 List
Cary, NC, July 09, 2008 --(PR.com)-- Eric Hobbs, president of Technology Associates (www.technologyassociates.net), a full-service technology solutions and support firm, has announced that the company has been named to Business Leader Magazine's inaugural Top 100 List. Celebrating the top small businesses in North Carolina, Business Leader Magazine's Top 100 List ranks companies based on revenue growth, percentage of business conducted within North Carolina and the total number of employees. A company's community involvement and its participation within industry trends are also considered as a basis for Top 100 selections. All Top 100 winners will be featured in Business Leader Magazine's special June issue.
Founded in 1997, Technology Associates is a full-service technology solutions and support firm that specializes in providing network design, implementation, management and support to small- to medium-sized businesses in North Carolina. Technology Associates partners with their clients to manage their technology solutions as a valued business asset and emphasizes proactive solutions to prevent problems before they occur. For more information, please visit www.technologyassociates.net.
"We consider it an extremely high honor to be named to Business Leader Magazine's Top 100 List," said Hobbs. "There are a number of outstanding small businesses in North Carolina. To be recognized among them is a milestone achievement for our growing company."
About Technology Associates:
Founded in 1997, Technology Associates is a full-service technology solutions and support firm that specializes in providing network design, implementation, management and support to small- to medium-sized businesses in North Carolina. Technology Associates partners with their clients to manage their technology solutions as a valued business asset and emphasizes proactive solutions to prevent problems before they occur. The firm utilizes scalable technologies which allow business owners to have a technology infrastructure that can grow with their business needs. The combined years of experience for the Technology Associates engineering staff is 63 years, while the average years of experience is 16. Technology Associates prides itself on offering a low engineer-to-customer ratio to ensure timely responsiveness and individual attention for their customers. Technology Associates is a Microsoft® Certified Partner, meaning they possess a high degree of competence and expertise with Microsoft® technologies, as well as a Microsoft® Small Business Specialist. For more information please call (919) 459-0100 or visit their Web site at www.technologyassociates.net.
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NewsNews Center
Federation News
Republican Women of the #RedWave: Sandy Smith
Posted: Oct 6, 2022
Categories: Profiles, Candidates
Author: NFRW Communications
Republican Nominee for U.S. House, North Carolina 1st District
By Nancy Almasi, Virginia
"If you want change, you have to step up." - Sandy Smith, Republican nominee, North Carolina CD-1
Sandy Smith understands this outlook more than anyone. In 2020, she narrowly lost to incumbent Congressman GK Butterfield. But, in the process, she swung her district 25 points back toward the Republican column. This time around, Butterfield has declined to run. Sandy is determined to finish the job and win in 2022.
That's why, recognizing the importance of her race and her value as a candidate, the National Republican Congressional Committee has selected Sandy as one its Young Gun candidates during this election cycle.
A staunch conservative with a can-do attitude, Sandy's campaign is focused on turning around the economic outlook in a district that has struggled under the disastrous policies of the Biden administration. Her district is a rural one – covering 19 counties in eastern North Carolina, where the farmers are under tremendous pressure due to the high cost of fuel and fertilizers.
"Inflation is killing us," she noted. "High gas prices contribute to high food prices and trickle down to the high cost of everything else. Right now, gas prices are artificially low due to the Biden administration draining of our strategic oil reserves. The position he is putting our country in is extremely alarming. We need to focus on American energy independence. We need to bring down gas prices, but also bring back the manufacturing of fertilizers to the USA."
Sandy, a business executive and real estate investor who also farms 137 acres with her husband, William, would also like to bring more broadband internet access to her district. "If we can deploy more internet access, companies will want to relocate here. People can also work from home." To provide an example of this need, she pointed out, "Amazon is hiring hundreds of people for customer service positions. Increased broadband internet access means putting jobs instantly (into this district). It can also keep our families together. One of the struggles in our community is kids leaving the area to find work elsewhere."
Sandy's energy and drive has attracted the attention of top Republicans such as President Donald Trump, House Minority Leader Kevin McCarthy, Congresswoman Elise Stefanik, and RNC Chairwoman Ronna McDaniel. She has also received endorsements from leaders in North Carolina such as Lt. Gov. Mark Robinson, several members of the North Carolina congressional delegation, and Fire Chief Thomas Lily. Their support is helping her campaign with increasing her name recognition and fundraising. "It was a huge honor to get that shout-out from President Trump (at a recent rally in Wilmington, NC)," Sandy said. "I am a well-rounded candidate. I wasn't hand-picked by the elites. They see the numbers. We have shown folks that 'hey, we can do this.' This is why Democrats are having to put so much money into this race because they see the writing on the wall."
Sandy also credits the members of Republican Women of Pitt County for steering her to victory in November. "They are fantastic and I love them. They have been organizing meet and greets and finding speaking opportunities. They are helping with a big fundraiser coming up on October 12th," she said. "We women – we know how to get it done!"
If elected in November, Sandy would like to serve on House committees such as agriculture, education, transportation and infrastructure, and the budget. She is a proud Marine mom who would also like to bring some much needed resources to the retired veterans in her community.
Learn more about Sandy's campaign at sandysmithnc.com.
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text:
lemire.me
— All Comments/Replies — Dec 10th, 2009 1:56 am — "Kevembuangga" writes: But did you try Burrows–Wheeler w[...] Dec 10th, 2009 7:57 am — "Daniel Lemire" writes: @Kevembuangga Yes, I thought about it…[...] Dec 11th, 2009 2:38 am — "Kevembuangga" writes: makes reconstructing single rows a messy[...] Dec 11th, 2009 7:39 am — "Daniel Lemire" writes: @Kevembuangga Suppose you want to get al[...] Dec 11th, 2009 11:36 am — "Kevembuangga" writes: How do you extract these row IDs quickly[...] Dec 11th, 2009 12:09 pm — "Daniel Lemire" writes: @Kevembuangga Thank you for the pointers[...] Dec 11th, 2009 1:26 pm — "Kevembuangga" writes: I can scan RLE-compressed data looking f[...] Dec 11th, 2009 1:33 pm — "Kevembuangga" writes: Typo: "each possible column value" i[...] Dec 11th, 2009 2:09 pm — "Daniel Lemire" writes: @Kevembuangga if you were really clever [...] Dec 12th, 2009 12:35 am — "Kevembuangga" writes: The curse of dimensionality … Looks li[...] Dec 12th, 2009 10:28 am — "Daniel Lemire" writes: @Kevembuangga Yes, I think we are talkin[...] Dec 12th, 2009 12:25 pm — "Kevembuangga" writes: I think we are talking about the same th[...] Dec 15th, 2009 12:20 am — "Willfred" writes: Interesting, simple and effective.
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Home>Posts>Poems>Life Goes On
My father didn't believe in an afterlife. By his way of thinking, when you died, that was it. One minute you're here, the next minute you enter the darkness: no heaven, no chance of ever seeing your loved ones again, so you're lucky if you lived a good life and got to say goodbye before they turned out the lights.
How depressing.
We didn't talk about those things too much. Religion and God were almost taboo subjects in my house growing up. So I thought it was pretty cool last year when after one of my mother's good strong margaritas on an empty stomach, I actually got into a discussion with my dad about life after death. His opinion about the afterlife hadn't changed, but over the past year and a half, since the death of my step-daughter Susan, mine certainly had. Several evidential readings with mediums had proven to me that our spirits live on after the change we call death.
Dad was too much of a gentleman to tell me he thought I was crazy. He just sat there sipping his "Margaret" and shaking his head at my "silly notions" that our bodies were occupied by a spirit that continued on eternally.
"Why would I want to live forever?" he asked. At 92 he was getting kind of tired.
Even when I explained that the Other Side wasn't like it is here in the physical world – that it's far more beautiful, suffused with love, and free of the aging body, he didn't want any part of it.
"But wouldn't you want to spend eternity with Mom?" I asked. After 61 years together, their love was stronger than most couples ever hope for.
He reached over and patted my mother's knee. "Your mother and I have enjoyed every day of our lives together," he said. "I couldn't ask for more than that."
But I knew that he could. Susan had sent us too many signs in the days and months since her death to ignore the fact that she wasn't still around.
"Dad," I said, "One day I'm going to meet you on the Other Side, and when I do, I'm going to greet you with a big hug and say, 'I told you so!"
He gave me a tolerant smile, and we left it at that.
My dad, Bill Smeltzer, died on January 15th of this year. My mom and all three of his kids were at his side, touching him and telling him we loved him as he took his last breath. I couldn't help but look around the room in those painful moments and wish I had a medium's gift. With my limited physical senses I wasn't able to detect his spirit as it left his body. Within minutes it was clear that his spirit no longer occupied the body that had lovingly housed him, and we were left with mere memories.
I waited almost two months to consult with a medium. I spoke to Susan and my dad often, but in the days prior to the reading I meditated and sent them a very clear message that they would have an excellent chance to communicate with me through a gifted helper. I asked them to be there.
The medium wasted no time.
"There's a gentleman here who was pretty sick," said Janet, who knew nothing about my father or his recent death. "He had some kind of manual job around coal."
Even if she had met my dad, it was unlikely that Janet would have known that decades earlier, when he first started working on the Pennsylvania railroad decked out in striped coveralls and cap, he'd shoveled coal on those ancient black steam engines.
"Was this pretty recent?" she asked. "Because this is not an old passing. It feels pretty recent. There's something about William… or Bill…"
That would be my dad. His real name was Oliver, but he went by Bill.
"Did you write some kind of poem or a letter at the end?"
No, I didn't, but my brother sure did.
"He's acknowledging that it's very, very important to him," Janet said.
My eyes were now brimming with tears. That poem had meant so much to my mom that she'd copied and framed it for the family. Now everyone would know that Dad had "read" the poem, too.
Dad went on to tell the medium that my mother was wearing his wedding ring. (She was) And that she was talking to his picture. (All the time) And that she somehow blamed herself for his passing. (She did, although we all tried to tell her not to)
Janet was getting a very clear message from my father: "She has to stop beating herself up about that. There was nothing she could have done. When it's your time, it's your time."
Dad was interrupted then by the spirit of a young girl who had died rather suddenly a couple of years back.
It was my Susan. She never let me down.
"Why was there some delay when she died?" Janet asked. "About someone finding out? delay… delay…"
That would be because Ty and I were off on our sailboat and no one could find us for two full days to share the devastating news.
Janet was batting a thousand, but Susan's story is one I'll save for another day, as it was the impetus for this blog.
Meanwhile, Dad's spirit was still hanging around, and he had more things to bring up, like the stack of silver dollars and the oversized Indian nickel that Janet said looked like a large medal. I'd just been to my parent's home, and that large coin with an Indian head was sitting on my dad's dresser. My mom had just mentioned the silver dollars the other day.
I'd heard that Janet was a highly evidential medium, meaning that she passed along evidence that only the loved ones would know. Now I shook my head in awe: the coins, the poem, my mother's behavior … I couldn't have asked for more poignant evidence that this medium truly was communicating with my father on the Other Side.
Time was running out, and there was one thing I had to know.
"Is he surprised that there's more?" I asked. It was obvious from the evidence Janet had given me, that my father was not in the world of darkness he'd long envisioned.
There was a pause as Janet passed along my question, then she responded. "He says it was like an 'aha' moment, so I don't know that I want to say 'surprised.' It's almost like he feels contentment."
And that's what I felt as I hung up the phone. Sheer contentment. I miss my father terribly, but now I have my proof that his spirit is around, and that he's happy. He hears my mother when she talks to him, and I know he hears me, too. He showed up for our appointment, didn't he?
I passed along his messages to my brother and sister, and to my mother. Back when we sipped those margaritas and had our discussion about life after death, my mom remained mostly silent. I sensed that she wanted to believe, but after 61 years with my dad, their beliefs, like their lives, had almost become one.
In the days following his death, I encouraged her to talk to my dad, and she had.
Good thing, because he's been listening. He's around. He loves us just as much from the Other Side as when he was here beside us.
My mother's energy increased dramatically in the days after hearing the evidential messages from that reading. She's had a spring in her step that none of us had seen in quite a while.
"I feel more at peace than I have since your father died," Mom told me.
And that, my friends, is the whole point of consulting a medium.
Jayesh Mitha2009-06-22T05:55:59-04:00June 22nd, 2009|0 Comments


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Home › School Drama Book, The
School Drama Book, The
Author: Ewing, Robyn
School Drama is a professional learning program for primary school teachers, which focuses on the power of using drama and literature to improve English and literacy in young learners.
School Drama was developed by the Sydney Theatre Company (STC) in 2009, in partnership with the University of Sydney. It has been acclaimed by Australian and international critics, and is now a cornerstone of the STC's Education program.
This book is a comprehensive School Drama resource. It includes:
A summary of how drama and literature enhance literacy
An explanation of the School Drama approach and methodology
Learning outcomes from the School Drama program so far
An exploration of the art and pedagogy of drama (via elements, devices, and roles)
22 classroom dramas: each comprised of a series of workshops that progress through common themes and texts.
The School Drama Book is essential reading for teachers and theatre practitioners who want to educate confidently with drama, either through the STC's School Drama program or on their own. It uses drama as a critical pedagogy, and encourages learning through activities, rather than teaching 'about' the texts. This approach has been shown to develop rich imaginations and creative capacities for the future.
Includes a foreword by Cate Blanchett and Andrew Upton.
Erratum: the unit published on page 248 titled Stolen based on the book The Rabbits by John Marsden and Shaun Tan should read 'appropriate for years 6 to 7 (and beyond)', not 'years 4 to 7'.
Publisher: Currency Press
Subject: Plays
Audience: Secondary
Curriculum: Australian
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text:
Zambialaws
Search,title,keywords
Principal Legislation
Subsidiary Legislation
Acts on Notice
Repealed Acts
Repealed Acts -1912
Blackhall Publishing
Bulletin-2017
NATIONAL ASSEMBLY (POWERS AND PRIVILEGES) ACT
Arrangement of Sections
1. Short title
2. Interpretation
PRIVILEGES AND IMMUNITIES OF THE ASSEMBLY AND ITS OFFICERS
3. Freedom of speech and debate
4. Immunity from legal proceedings
5. Freedom from arrest
5A. Arrest for criminal offence
6. Exemption from certain services
6A. Certificate of exemption to attend court
7. Power to exclude strangers
8. Evidence of proceedings in Assembly or committee not to be given without leave
9. Civil process not to be served nor members arrested on civil process within precincts of the Assembly Chamber
9A. Power of Assembly to inquire into offences
10. Power to order attendance of witness
11. Attendance to be notified by summons
11A. Failure to attend before Assembly or committee
12. Witnesses may be examined on oath
13. Objection to answer question or produce papers
14. Privileges of witnesses
15. Certificate issued to witnesses making full disclosure to be a bar to civil or criminal proceedings
16. False evidence
17. Interference with witnesses
18. False documents
19. Contempt
20. Questions relating to evidence and production of documents before the Assembly or a committee to be determined in accordance with usage of Parliament
21. Penalty where not otherwise provided
22. Corrupt or improper practices
23. Other offences against members and officers
24. Disobedience
25. Other offences
26. Officers of the Assembly to have powers of police officer
27. Sanction of Director of Public Prosecutions for prosecutions
28. Disciplinary powers of Assembly
28A. Manner of admonition or reprimand
28B. Establishment of Commitee on Privileges
28C. Procedure for dealing with an offence against Assembly
29. (Repealed)
30. Admissibility of votes and proceedings printed by or under authority of Assembly
31. Protection of persons responsible for publications authorised by the Assembly
32. Publication of proceedings without malice
33. Powers to be supplementary to powers under the Constitution
34. Courts not to exercise jurisdiction in respect of acts of the Assembly, Speaker and officers
35. Absence of the Speaker, etc.
to declare and define certain powers, privileges and immunities of the National Assembly and of the members and officers of such Assembly; to secure freedom of speech in the National Assembly; to regulate admittance to the precincts of the National Assembly; to give protection to the persons employed in the publication of the reports and other papers of the National Assembly; and to provide for matters incidental to or connected with the foregoing.
[28th September, 1956]
Act 34 of 1956,
Act 4 of 1957,
GN 421 of 1962,
SI 174 of 1965.
This Act may be cited as the National Assembly (Powers and Privileges) Act.
In this Act, unless the context otherwise requires—
"Assembly" means the National Assembly;
["Authorised committee" rep by s 2(a) of Act 13 of 2016.]
"Clerk" means the Clerk of the Assembly and includes any person acting as such on the authority of the Speaker;
"committee" means a parliamentary committee established in accordance with Article 80 of the Constitution;
[Subs by s 2(b) of Act 13 of 2016.]
"meeting" means the period between the time when the Assembly first assembles after being summoned and the time at which it is adjourned sine die;
"member" means any member of the Assembly and includes the Speaker;
"officer" means the Clerk or any other officer or person acting within the precincts of the Assembly Chamber under the orders of the Speaker;
"precincts of the Assembly Chamber" means the chamber in which the Assembly sits in session for the transaction of business, together with the offices, rooms, lobbies, galleries, courtyards, gardens and other places provided for the use or accommodation of members, officers or strangers, and any passages connecting such places, and any other places immediately contiguous thereto as may from time to time be designated by the Speaker;
"Standing Orders" means the Standing Orders of the Assembly made in accordance with Article 77 of the Constitution;
"stranger" means any person other than a member or an officer;
"votes and proceedings" means the official daily record of the proceedings in the Assembly.
[S 2 am by Act 68 of 1957 ; S.I. 174 of 1965 ; 23 of 1976.]
[Am by s 3 of Act 13 of 2016.]
There shall be freedom of speech and debate in the Assembly. Such freedom of speech and debate shall not be liable to be questioned in any court or place outside the Assembly.
No civil or criminal proceedings may be instituted against any member for words spoken before, or written in a report to, the Assembly or to a committee thereof or by reason of any matter or thing brought by him therein by petition, Bill, resolution, motion or otherwise.
For the duration of a meeting members shall enjoy freedom from arrest for any civil debt except a debt the contraction of which constitutes a criminal offence.
Where a member is arrested for a criminal offence, the arresting officer shall inform the speaker of the arrest within 48 hours of the arrest.
[S 5A ins by s 4 of Act 13 of 2016.]
(1) No member or officer shall be required to serve as an assessor at any proceedings in any court or other place.
(2) Save by the leave of the Assembly first obtained, no member or officer shall be required, while attending the Assembly, to attend as a witness in any civil proceedings in any court or in any proceedings before any commission appointed under the Inquiries Act, unless that court or commission holds its sittings at the seat of the Assembly.
(1) Despite any other written law, where a member or officer is required while the Assembly is conducting its business to attend—
(a) as a witness before a court, tribunal or a commission established under the Inquiries Act, in any civil or criminal proceedings; or
(b) as a defendant in any civil proceedings,
the Speaker, First Deputy Speaker, Second Deputy Speaker or a person designated by the Speaker, shall issue a certificate exempting the member or officer the member or officer from attending the Courts, Tribunal or Commission and stating that the member or officer is, or would be, attending to the business of the Assembly on the dates and times indicated in the certificate.
(2) A certificate issued under sub-section (1) is sufficient proof that the member or officer is attending to business of the Assembly.
(1) No stranger shall be entitled, as of right, to enter or remain within the precincts of the Assembly Chamber and the Speaker or any officer authorised in that behalf by the Speaker may at any time order any stranger to withdraw therefrom.
(2) The Speaker may issue such orders as he may in his discretion deem necessary or desirable for the regulation of the admittance of strangers to, and the conduct of strangers within, the precincts of the Assembly Chamber.
(3) The exhibition in a conspicuous position in the precincts of the Assembly Chamber of a copy, duly authenticated by the Clerk, of any orders made by the Speaker under this section shall be deemed to be sufficient notice to all persons affected thereby.
A member, officer or person employed to take or transcribe minutes of evidence before the Assembly or a committee shall not give evidence elsewhere about the contents of the minutes or the contents of a document laid before the Assembly or a committee, about any proceedings or examination held before the Assembly or a committee, without the special leave of the Speaker.
[S 8 subs by s 6 of Act 10 of 2016.]
Notwithstanding anything to the contrary, no process issued by any court of Zambia or outside Zambia in the exercise of its civil jurisdiction shall be served or executed within the precincts of the Assembly Chamber while the Assembly is sitting, or through the Speaker or any officer of the Assembly, nor shall any member be arrested on civil process, save by the leave of the Speaker first obtained, while he is within the precincts of the Assembly and while the Assembly is sitting.
Subject to the Constitution, the Assembly has the power and jurisdiction necessary to inquire into, an act or omission, matter or thing, amounting to contempt of Parliament contrary to section 19, or a contravention of the Standing Orders and rules of parliamentary practice and procedure.
Subject to the provisions of sections 13, 14 and 20, the Assembly or a committee may order a person to—
(a) attend before the Assembly or the committee and to give evidence or to produce a paper, book, record or document in the possession or under the control of that person; or
(b) appear before the Assembly or the committee to submit information or report on a matter under the consideration of the Assembly or the committee.
[S 10 subs by s 8 of Act 13 of 2016.]
{mprestriction ids ="1,2,3"}
(1) Any order to attend to give evidence or to produce documents before the Assembly or may be notified to the person required to attend or to produce documents by a summons under the hand of the Clerk issued by the direction of the Speaker.
[S 11(1) am by s 9(a) of Act 13 of 2016.]
(2) A summons issued under subsection (1) shall specify—
(a) the time and place of hearing; and
(b) the documents required to be produced and by the person summoned.
[S 11(2) subs by s 9(b) of Act 13 of 2016.]
(3) A summons issued under subsection (1) shall be served on the person named in the summons by—
(a) delivering a copy to the person; or
(b) leaving a copy with an adult person at the usual or last known place of abode in Zambia.
[S 11(3) ins by s 9(b) of Act 13 0f 2016.]
(4) The Assembly shall pay or tender to the person summoned, such sum for the person's expenses as may be specified by Standing Order.
[S 11(4) ins by s 9(b) of Act 13 of 2016].
(5) A summons under this section may be served by an officer or by a police officer.
[S 11 am by Act 23 of 1976; s 11(3) renumbered as s 11(5) by s 9(c) of Act 13 of 2016.]
(1) A person summoned by the Assembly or a committee under section 11 and who fails, without reasonable cause, to attend before the Assembly or the committee at the time and place specified in the summons commits an offence and is liable, upon conviction, to a fine not exceeding ten thousand penalty units or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding three months, or to both.
[S 11A ins by s 10 of Act 13 of 2016.]
(1) The Assembly or the committee may require that a fact, matter or thing relating to the subject of inquiry before the Assembly or that committee is verified or otherwise ascertained by the oral examination of a witness, and may cause that witness to be examined on oath.
[S 12(1) subs by s 11 of Act 13 of 2016.]
(2) An oath required to be taken under the provisions of this section may be administered by the Clerk or by any other person appointed by the Assembly for that purpose, or, in the case of a witness before a committee, by the chairman of the committee or by the member presiding in the absence of the chairman, or by the clerk to the committee.
(1) Where any person ordered to attend to give evidence or to produce any paper, book, record or document before the Assembly refuses to answer any question that may be put to him or to produce any such paper, book, record or document on the ground that the same is of a private nature and does not affect the subject of inquiry, the Speaker may excuse the answering of such question or the production of such paper, book, record or document, or may order the answering or production thereof.
(2) Where any person ordered to attend to give evidence or to produce any paper, book, record or document before a committee refuses to answer any question that may be put to him or to produce any such paper, book, record or document on the ground that the same is of a private nature and does not affect the subject of inquiry, the chairman of the committee may report such refusal to the Speaker with the reasons therefor; and the Speaker may thereupon excuse the answering of such question or the production of such paper, book, record or document, or may order the answering or production thereof.
[S 13(2) am by s 12 of Act 13 of 2016.]
(1) Every person summoned to attend to give evidence or to produce any paper, book, record or document before the Assembly or a committee shall be entitled, in respect of such evidence or the disclosure of any communication or the production of any such paper, book, record or document, to the same rights and privileges as before a court of law.
[S 14(1) am by s 13(a) of Act 13 of 2016.]
(2) Except with the consent of the President, no person shall—
(a) produce before the Assembly or a committee any paper, book, record or document; or
(b) give before the Assembly or a committee evidence;
relating to the correspondence of any naval, military or air force matter, nor shall secondary evidence be received by or produced before the Assembly or a committee of the contents of any such paper, book, record or document.
(3) Except upon the direction of the President, a person shall not refuse to—
(a) produce before the Assembly or a committee a paper, book, record or document; or
(b) give evidence before the Assembly or a committee,
relating to the correspondence of a civil department or to a matter affecting the public service.
[S 14(3) subs by s 13(b) of Act 13 of 2016.]
(4) Secondary evidence shall not be received by or produced before the Assembly or a committee of the contents of a paper, book, record or document which the President has directed shall not be produced.
[S 14 am by Act 6 of 1970; s 14(4) ins by s 13(b) of Act 13 of 2016.]
(1) Every witness before the Assembly or a committee who shall answer fully and faithfully any questions put to him by the Assembly or such committee to its satisfaction shall be entitled to receive a certificate stating that such witness was upon his examination so required to answer and did answer any such question.
[S15(1) am by s 14 of Act 13 of 2016.]
(2) Every certificate under sub-section (1) shall, in the case of a witness before the Assembly, be under the hand of the Speaker, and in the case of a witness before a committee, be under the hand of the chairman thereof.
(3) On production of such certificate to any court of law, such court shall stay any proceedings, civil or criminal, except for a charge under section 104 or 125 of the Penal Code, against such witness for any act or thing done by him before the time and revealed by the evidence of such witness, and may, in its discretion, award to such witness the expenses to which he may have been put.
Any person who before the Assembly or committee intentionally gives a false answer to any question material to the subject of inquiry which may be put to him during the course of any examination shall be guilty of an offence against section 104 of the Penal Code.
[S 16 am by s 15 of Act 13 of 2016.]
Any person who—
(a) tampers with, deters, threatens, molests, beguiles or in any way unduly influences any witness in regard to any evidence to be given by him before the Assembly or any committee; or
(b) threatens, molests or in any way punishes, damnifies or injures or attempts to punish, damnify or injure any person for having given evidence before the Assembly or any committee or on account of any evidence which he has given before the Assembly or any committee;
shall be liable on conviction to a fine not exceeding twenty thousand penalty units or to imprisonment with or without hard labour for a term not exceeding 12 months, or to both.
[S 17 am by Act 13 of 1994; s 16 of Act 13 of 2016.]
Any person who presents to the Assembly or to any committee any false, untrue, fabricated or falsified document with intent to deceive the Assembly or committee shall, where such presentation does not constitute an offence under section 16, be liable on conviction to a fine not exceeding ten thousand penalty units or to imprisonment with or without hard labour for a term not exceeding six months, or to both.
Any person shall be guilty of an offence who—
(a) having been called upon to give evidence before the Assembly or a committee thereof refuses to be sworn or make an affirmation; or
[S 19(a) am by s 18 of Act 13 of 2016.]
(b) being a witness misconducts himself; or
(c) causes an obstruction or disturbance within the precincts of the Assembly Chamber during a sitting of the Assembly or of a committee thereof; or
(d) shows disrespect in speech or manner towards the Speaker; or
(e) commits any other act of intentional disrespect to or with reference to the proceedings of the Assembly or of a committee of the Assembly or to any person presiding at such proceedings.
Where at any time any question arises in the Assembly or in a committee regarding—
(a) the right or power of the Assembly or committee to hear, admit or receive oral evidence; or
(b) the right or power of the Assembly or committee to peruse or examine any paper, book, record or document or to summon, direct or call upon any person to produce any paper, book, record or document before the Assembly or committee; or
(c) the right or privilege of any person (including a member of the Assembly or committee) to refuse to produce any paper, book, record or document or to lay any paper, book, record or document before the Assembly or committee;
that question shall, subject to the preceding provisions of this Act, and except in so far as express provision is made in those provisions for the determination of that question, be determined in accordance with the usage and practice of other Commonwealth Parliaments.
[S 20 am by Act 23 of 1976.]
For every offence under this Act for which no other penalty is specially provided, the offender shall be liable on conviction to a fine not exceeding five hundred penalty units or to imprisonment with or without hard labour for a term not exceeding three months, or to both.
(1) Any person who offers to any member or officer or to any person who is an employer, a partner or in the service of any member, either directly or indirectly, any bribe, fee, compensation, gift or reward in order to influence such member or officer in his conduct as such member or officer or for or in respect of the promotion of or opposition to any Bill, resolution, matter, rule or thing submitted to, or intended to be submitted to, the Assembly shall be guilty of an offence.
(2) Any member or officer or any person who is an employer, a partner or in the service of any member who demands, accepts or receives, directly or indirectly, any bribe, fee, compensation, gift or reward the offering of which is or would be an offence under this section shall likewise be guilty of an offence.
(3) Any person who commits an offence under this section shall be liable on conviction to a fine not exceeding ten thousand penalty units or to imprisonment with or without hard labour for a term not exceeding three years, or to both.
(4) In any proceedings against any person for an offence under this section, the court may, if it finds the offence proved—
(a) order that the value or the amount of any bribe, fee, compensation, gift or reward offered or accepted or received in contravention of this section shall be forfeited; or
[S 22(4)(a) am by s 19 of Act 13 of 2016.]
(b) order that the amount or the value of any bribe, fee, compensation, gift or reward accepted or received in contravention of this section shall be repaid by the person accepting or receiving the same, or by the person on whose behalf the same was accepted or received, to the person from whom it was accepted or received, or to the person on whose behalf such latter person was acting.
(a) threatens, assaults, obstructs or insults any member or officer going to or from the precincts of the Assembly Chamber; or
[S 23(a) am by s 20(a) of Act 13 of 2016.]
(b) endeavours to compel, either directly or indirectly, any member by threat, force, insult or menace to declare himself in favour of, or against, any Bill, resolution, matter, rule or thing submitted to, or intended to be submitted to, the Assembly; or
[S 23(b) am by s 20(b) of Act 13 of 2016.]
(c) assaults, interferes with, resists or obstructs any officer while in the execution of his duty as such officer or fails or refuses to comply with an instruction by an officer; or
[S 23(c) am by s 20(c) of Act 13 of 2016.]
(d) sends to any member any threatening letter, or challenges any member to a fight, on account of his conduct as such member;
(e) assaults, insults or threatens a member or deprives a member of a benefit on account of the member's conduct in the Assembly or a committee.
[S 23(e) ins by s 20(d) of Act 13 of 2016.]
Any person commits an offence who willfully and without lawful cause fails to comply with, or contravenes, any order made under section 7 or 10, or who willfully fails to obey any other order of the Assembly whereby the Assembly is obstructed in the performance of its functions:
Provided that no offence is committed under this section unless the Speaker or an officer has drawn to the attention of the person concerned the fact that such failure or contravention is contrary to such order, and the person thereafter continues in such failure or contravention as aforesaid.
(a) publishes, save by the general or special leave of the Assembly, a report of any proceedings of the Assembly or any committee when such proceedings have not been held in public; or
(b) publishes any false or scandalous libel on the Assembly or any report which willfully misrepresents in any way any proceedings of the Assembly or any committee; or
(c) publishes, save by the general or special leave of the Assembly, any paper, report or other document prepared expressly for submission to the Assembly before the same has been laid on the Table of the Assembly; or
(d) prints or causes to be printed a copy of any Act now or hereafter in force, or a copy of any report, paper or votes and proceedings of the Assembly as purporting to have been printed by the Government Printer, or by or under the authority of the Assembly, or of the Speaker, and the same is not so printed; or
(e) tenders in evidence any such copy as purporting to be so printed knowing that the same was not so printed; or
(f) creates or joins in any disturbance which interrupts or is likely to interrupt the proceedings of the Assembly while it is sitting; or
(g) publishes or prints any libels on any member concerning his character or conduct as a member and with regard to actions performed or words uttered by him in the course of the transaction of the business of the Assembly;
shall be guilty of an offence and shall be liable on conviction to a fine not exceeding five thousand penalty units or to imprisonment with or without hard labour for a term not exceeding 12 months, or to both.
[S 25 am by Act 4 of 1957 ; S.I. 174 of 1965 ; Act 23 of 1976; 13 of 1994.]
Every officer of the Assembly shall, for the purposes of this Act and of the application of the provisions of the criminal law, have all the powers and enjoy all the privileges of a police officer.
No prosecution shall be instituted for an offence under this Act except by the Director of Public Prosecutions upon information given to him in writing by the Speaker.
[S 27 am by S.I. 174 of 1965.]
(1) Where a member is found to have committed a contempt of the Assembly, whether specified in section 19 or otherwise, the Speaker, the Committee on Privileges or a select committee appointed under subsection (6) may impose any one or more of the following penalties—
(a) a formal warning;
(b) an admonition;
(c) a reprimand; and
(d) an order directing the member to apologise to the Assembly, in a manner determined by the Assembly.
(2) Where a member is found to have committed contempt of the Assembly of a serious nature and none of the other penalties are sufficient for the contempt committed by the member, the Speaker shall, on the resolution of the Assembly, suspend the member from the Assembly for a period not exceeding 30 days.
(3) A member who is suspended from the Assembly shall, during the period of suspension and for the purposes of this Act—
(a) not enter the precincts of the Assembly;
(b) not participate in an activity of the Assembly or a committee; and
(c) not be paid the salary or allowance the member is entitled to for the member's service as a member.
(4) If a person, not being a member, is found to have committed contempt, whether specified in section 19 or otherwise, the Speaker shall order the person to appear before the Assembly and the Speaker shall, upon attendance, admonish or reprimand the person at the Bar of the Assembly.
(5) The Speaker may refer a case of breach of privilege or contempt of the Assembly to the committee on privileges to examine the case and make appropriate recommendations to the Assembly.
(6) Where the alleged breach of privilege or contempt of the Assembly is committed by members of the Committee on Privileges, the Speaker shall appoint a select committee to examine the matter and report accordingly to the Assembly.
[S 28 subs by s 21 of Act 13 of 2016.]
(1) Where a member is to be admonished in accordance with section 28(1), the Assembly or a committee shall direct the member to stand in the member's seat and the Speaker shall proceed to admonish the member.
(2) Where a member is to be reprimanded, in accordance with section 28(1), the Speaker shall reprimand the member at the bar of the Assembly.
28B. Establishment of Committee on Privileges
(1) There is established a committee on privileges, which shall assist the Speaker in determining all matters of privileges and immunities of the Assembly and members.
(2) The composition, functions, powers and procedure of the committee shall be prescribed in the Standing Orders.
[S 28B ins by s 22 of Act 13 of 2016.]
(1) Proceedings for an offence against the Assembly may be instituted by the Assembly ordering the person alleged to have committed the offence to answer a charge or appear before the Assembly or the committee on privileges to answer the charge, on a date and time specified in the order.
(2) The order summoning a person to answer a charge or appear before the Assembly or a committee shall be signed by the Clerk, and personally served on the person summoned.
(3) The person summoned shall be given particulars, in writing, of the matter constituting the alleged offence.
(4) The person summoned shall answer the charge or appear before the Assembly or a committee, personally and may be represented by a legal practitioner.
(5) If the person summoned fails, without reasonable cause, to answer to the charge or appear before the Assembly or the committee on privileges, the Assembly or the committee may proceed to determine the matter.
[S 28C ins by s 22 of Act 13 of 2016.]
29. […]
[S 29 rep by Act 23 of 1976.]
Upon any inquiry touching the privileges, immunities and powers of the Assembly or of a member, a copy of the votes and proceedings, Standing Orders or other document of the Assembly printed or purporting to be printed by the Assembly or under the authority of the Assembly, or a copy of the votes and proceedings, Standing Orders or other document of the Assembly duly authenticated under the hand of the Clerk, shall be admitted as primafacie evidence of the contents thereof in all courts and places without any further proof being given.
Any person, being a defendant in any civil or criminal proceedings instituted for or on account or in respect of the publication by such person or by his servant, by order or under the authority of the Assembly of any reports, papers, minutes, votes or proceedings, may, on giving to the plaintiff or prosecutor, as the case may be, 24 hours' written notice of his intention, bring before the court in which such civil or criminal proceedings are being held a certificate under the hand of the Speaker stating that the reports, papers, minutes, votes or proceedings in respect whereof such civil or criminal proceedings have been instituted were published by such person or by his servant by order or under the authority of the Assembly together with an affidavit verifying such certificate, and such court shall thereupon immediately stay such civil or criminal proceedings and the same and every process issued therein shall be deemed to be finally determined.
In any civil or criminal proceedings instituted for publishing any extract from or abstract of any report, paper, votes and proceedings, referred to in section 25, if the court be satisfied that such extract or abstract was published bona fide and without malice, it shall enter judgment or verdict, as the case may be, for the defendant or accused.
The powers of the Assembly and of the Speaker under this Act shall be supplementary to any powers conferred by the Constitution or Standing Orders.
[S 33 am by G.N. 421 of 1962 ; S.I. 174 of 1965.]
Neither the Assembly, the Speaker nor any officer shall be subject to the jurisdiction of any court in respect of the exercise of any power conferred on or vested in the Assembly, the Speaker or such officer by or under the Constitution, the Standing Orders and this Act.
(1) For the purposes of this section "absent", in relation to the Speaker or the Deputy Speaker, means—
(a) that the office of Speaker or the office of Deputy Speaker is vacant; or
(b) that the Speaker or the Deputy Speaker is incapable of, or is from any cause prevented from, performing the duties of the office of Speaker; or
(c) that the Speaker or the Deputy Speaker is absent from Lusaka.
(2) For the duration of any period during which the Speaker is absent, the powers and privileges vested in the Speaker by this Act shall be vested in the Deputy Speaker.
(3) For the duration of any period during which both the Speaker and the Deputy Speaker are absent—
(a) the powers and privileges vested in the Speaker by the provisions, other than sections 15 and 31, of this Act shall—
(i) in so far as they relate to any matter arising at a sitting of the Assembly for the transaction of business, be vested in such member of the Assembly as may be elected by the Assembly by virtue of the provisions of the Constitution to preside at the sitting of the Assembly when such matter arises; and
(ii) in so far as they relate to any other matter, be vested in such member of the Assembly as may be appointed for this purpose by the Assembly; and
(b) the powers vested in the Speaker by sections15 and 31 shall be vested in the Clerk.
[S 35 am by Act 68 of 1957 ; G.N. 421 of 1962 ; S.I. 174 of 1965 ; Act 23 of 1976.]
{/mprestriction}
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Permanent Columbine Memorial
Located in Clement Park, a short distance from the school
There is a permanent memorial to the victims of the Columbine tragedy. It was dedicated in September of 2007.
Not long after the tragedy, some people began making contributions for a memorial. The Columbine Memorial Committee was the organization that raised the funds to build a permanent memorial, conducting fundraising events and soliciting donations from across the country and even the world. The Foothills Foundation provided its nonprofit umbrella and acted as guardian of the funds.
Today, a group of five volunteers act as the Board of The Columbine Memorial Foundation, Inc., a non profit organization. The Foundation was formed in March 2009 after the Columbine Memorial Committee completed construction of the Memorial and disbanded. The Foundation's mission is to keep the Memorial the place of beauty, peace, reflection and
Words of victim Lauren Townshend's mom, on the outer Ring of Healing
remembrance it was intended to be. The Foundation coordinates and facilitates maintenance, volunteer efforts, repairs, improvements and fundraising for the Columbine Memorial.
The cost to maintain, repair and provide improvements for the Columbine Memorial are estimated at $10,000 to $15,000 per year. Donations are currently being accepted for this purpose. 100% of funds received go towards maintenance and improvements at the Memorial.
Within the local community and, the Foundation believes, across the nation, it is an appropriate goal to assure that the innocent victims of Columbine are "never forgotten". This memorial serves not only to honor
Madeline Mauser at the outer Ring
those innocent victims but also to provide a permanent historic record of this tragedy, and to deliver a message of hope and education for many generations to come.
The memorial is an open, public place for all to visit and reflect on the impact and lessons learned from this tragedy. The memorial location in Clement Park provides a stunning, but peaceful outdoor setting for visiting and personal/family reflection. As one of the victim's parents put it "Upon leaving this Memorial, a parent's first reaction will hopefully be to hug their child, and tell them they love them."
The Columbine Memorial Foundation is an opportunity to provide something positive in response to the Columbine tragedy. It will unite, not divide, our community and nation.
Cash donations for the Columbine Memorial can be sent to:
Columbine Memorial Foundation
Littleton, CO 80162-1636
Credit Card Contributions can be made online at
www.ColumbineMemorial.org
One of the community messages on the outer Ring of Healing
The Memorial serves to honor the victims but also to provide a historic record of the tragedy and to deliver a message of hope for generations to come. The memorial includes an inner Ring of Remembrance and an outer Ring of Healing. The outer ring contains the etched words of injured victims and those of other Columbine students, teachers and staff as well as community members.
The inner Ring of Remembrance has 13 stations, one for each of those killed, with engraved messages written by their families.
A look at the inner Ring of Remembrance
Daniel's station on the inner Ring of Healing, with outer Ring in background
Daniel's mom, Linda, is the one who developed the words engraved on Daniel's station. The words read:
It's not easy to sum up the life of a son and brother. To his parents he was a first-born gift with spiritual dimensions that caused us to seek a deeper life. To his sister Christine, he was a fun companion but also one who was willing to share his wisdom and knowledge. To his sister Madeline he will be the brother who was never known, but whose presence will always be felt. To others, he will be an inspiration for how he tackled his own weaknesses and often overcame them in surprising ways.
We remember Daniel as a boy with a gentle spirit and a shy grin. Often charming and sometimes intense, he was just coming into his own. He still saw the world through largely innocent eyes. He was an inquisitive and sometimes typically maddening adolescent who would challenge you to examine your assumptions about most everything.
In the most profound sense, however, Daniel was one who, despite difficulties, knew the ineffable sweetness of life and it was part of him. It was our great blessing to have had him as a member of our family.
The waterfalls on the Outer Ring
An overlook above the Memorial, where one can view both the mountains and the Memorial.
More photos of the Memorial can be found on this site here.
To donate or learn more about the memorial, please visit the website at http://www.columbinememorial.org/default.asp


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UPSC Quiz – 2020 : IAS Daily Current Affairs Quiz Day 89
UPSC Quiz – 2020: IAS Daily Current Affairs Quiz Day 89
Consider the following statements with respect to 'Chalukya dynasty'
The Chalukyas ruled over the Deccan plateau in India for over 600 years.
The dynasty was confined to present State of Karnataka.
c) Both
d) Only
Solution (a)
The Chalukyas ruled over the Deccan plateau in India for over 600 years. During this period, they ruled as three closely related, but individual dynasties. These are the "Chalukyas of Badami" (also called "Early Chalukyas"), who ruled between the 6th and the 8th century, and the two sibling dynasties, the "Chalukyas of Kalyani" (also called Western Chalukyas or "Later Chalukyas") and the "Chalukyas of Vengi" (also called Eastern Chalukyas).
It was spread over Karnataka, Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh and Telangana.
Consider the following statements with respect to 'Ionospheric Connection Explorer (ICON)'
It studies the interaction between Earth's weather systems and space weather driven by the Sun, and how this interaction drives turbulence in the upper atmosphere.
It is part of NASA's Explorers program.
d) None
Solution (c)
The Ionospheric Connection Explorer (ICON)[7] is a satellite designed to investigate changes in the Earth's ionosphere, the dynamic region high in our atmosphere where terrestrial weather from below meets space weather from above. ICON studies the interaction between Earth's weather systems and space weather driven by the Sun, and how this interaction drives turbulence in the upper atmosphere. It is hoped that a better understanding of this dynamic will mitigate its effects on communications, GPS signals, and technology in general. It is part of NASA's Explorers program and is operated by UC Berkeley's Space Sciences Laboratory.
Consider the following statements with respect to 'Elastocaloric effect'
In the elastocaloric effect, the transfer of heat works much the same way as when fluid refrigerants are compressed and expanded.
A good elastocaloric material must exhibit a large latent heat, and a large adiabatic temperature change.
Elastocaloric materials are solids capable of stress-induced reversible phase transformations during which latent heat is released or absorbed. The elastocaloric effect occurs when stress is applied or removed, and a phase transformation is induced. As a result of the entropy difference between the two co-existing phases, the material heats up or cools down. A good elastocaloric material must exhibit a large latent heat, a large adiabatic temperature change, good thermal conductivity, long fatigue life, and low cost. Shape memory polymers can also exhibit elastocaloric effect.
Source: https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/this-word-means-elastocaloric-effect-6065022/
Consider the following statements with respect to 'SUMAN' Scheme.
Under the scheme, pregnant women, mothers up to 6 months after delivery, and all sick newborns will be able to avail free healthcare benefits.
The government will also provide free transport from home to health institutions.
Surakshit Matritva Aashwasan (SUMAN)
Under the scheme, pregnant women, mothers up to 6 months after delivery, and all sick newborns will be able to avail of free healthcare benefits. The beneficiaries visiting public health facilities are entitled to several free services. There will be zero expense access to the identification and management of complications during and after the pregnancy. The government will also provide free transport from home to health institutions. There will be assured referral services with the scope of reaching health facility within one hour of any critical case emergency and Drop back from institution to home after due discharge (minimum 48 hrs). The pregnant women will have a zero expense delivery and C-section facility in case of complications at public health facilities. It will ensure respectful care with privacy and dignity, with early initiation and support for breastfeeding, zero dose vaccination and free and zero expense services for sick newborns and neonates.
Source: https://www.livemint.com/news/india/government-launches-suman-scheme-assures-free-medicines-for-pregnant-women-11570704991082.html
The proposed 'Green Wall of India' will pass through
a) 1, 2 and 3
b) 1, 3 and 4
c) 2, 3 and 4
Solution (b)
It will be a 1,400km long and 5km wide green belt from Gujarat to the Delhi-Haryana border, on the lines of the "Great Green Wall" running through the width of Africa, from Dakar (Senegal) to Djibouti, to combat climate change and desertification.
Source: https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/government-plans-1400km-long-great-green-wall-of-india/articleshow/71496260.cms