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INTEGRATED MICROWAVE TECHNOLOGIES, LLC (IMT) RF CENTRAL DIRECT VU GETS THE PICTURE AT IBC 2012
Integrated Microwave Technologies, LLC (IMT), a Business Unit within the Vitec Group's Videocom Division, and a leader in advanced digital microwave systems serving the Broadcast, Sports & Entertainment and MAG (Military, Aerospace & Government) markets, introduces its RF Central Direct VU handheld dual-diversity COFDM HD receiver at IBC 2012 (Stand 1.D40).
Nicole Rosen
Handheld Dual-Diversity COFDM HD Receiver Designed for ENG, Confidence Monitoring, Sporting Events and Video Assist Applications
AMSTERDAM, SEPTEMBER 7, 2012 – Integrated Microwave Technologies, LLC (IMT), a Business Unit within the Vitec Group's Videocom Division, and a leader in advanced digital microwave systems serving the Broadcast, Sports & Entertainment and MAG (Military, Aerospace & Government) markets, introduces its RF CentralDirect VU handheld dual-diversity COFDM HD receiverat IBC 2012 (Stand 1.D40).
The RF Central Direct VU HD is a COFDM (DVB-T-compliant) diversity handheld receiver/monitor. It offers exceptional RF performance and durability, combined with true ease of operation and superb MPEG-4 decoding. The unit displays COFDM video transmissions using a built-in internal nine-inch 16:9-format screen using a bright, high-resolution LCD screen. The display also features an easy to use, menu-driven interface.
Much more than a COFDM handheld receiver, the Direct VU HD can send video over Ethernet to remote software or hardware decoders. This allows multiple remote viewers to monitor the same video simultaneously. An SDI output enables the user to view the incoming video on an external monitor if needed.
"All of the features of the Direct VU allow us to provide an unequaled value in a high-quality COFDM receiver/monitor for ENG, confidence monitoring, sporting events and video-assist applications," says Integrated Microwave Technologies Divisional Chief Executive Stephen Shpock. "The Direct VU requires minimal setup to operate and was designed with the user in mind."
For advanced functions such as changing frequency plans, AES decryption keys or unit naming, an easy to use administration software package is supplied.
The administration software package also allows users to configure and store up to 16 custom preset configurations. The presets can store as little or as much information as the administrator wishes. These values can then be locked in place, providing simple and reliable operation. Access control ensures that users will not inadvertently corrupt mission-critical settings.
An easy to use OSD display helps the user navigate the local user interface. The OSD features receiver statistics such as signal strength, preset, modulation and battery strength. The OSD provides users with full confidence in the operation of the unit.
About Integrated Microwave Technologies, LLC
Integrated Microwave Technologies, LLC (IMT) is a Business Unit within the Vitec Group's Videocom Division. The company comprises the leading microwave brands Nucomm, RF Central and Microwave Service Company (MSC), offering broadcasters worldwide complete broadcast solutions. Nucomm is a premium brand of digital microwave video systems (including COFDM and VSB) for portable and fixed link applications. RF Central is an innovative brand of compact microwave video equipment for licensed and license free broadcast applications. MSC is a premier provider of engineering, integration, technical support, installation and commissioning services. IMT is an ISO 9001:2008 certified QMS organization and recipient of multiple industry awards for design and innovations.
More information can be found atwww.imt-broadcast.com.
A Snapshot of The Vitec Group
Vitec is an international Group principally serving customers in the broadcast, photographic and military, aerospace and government (MAG) markets. Listed on the London Stock Exchange with 2011 revenue of £351 million, Vitec is based on strong, well known, premium brands on which its customers worldwide rely. Vitec is organised in three divisions: Imaging & Staging, Videocom and Services.
Imaging & Staging designs, manufactures and distributes equipment and accessories for photography, video and events.
Videocom designs and distributes systems and products used in broadcasting and live entertainment, film and video production and MAG.
Services provides equipment rental, workflow design and technical support for camera, video, audio, fibre optic and wireless technology used by TV production teams and film crews.
More information can be found atwww.vitecgroup.com.
Integrated Microwave Technologies, LLC (IMT) RF Central 2-GHz microLite Makes European Debut at IBC 2012
AMSTERDAM, SEPTEMBER 4, 2012 – Integrated Microwave Technologies, LLC (IMT), a Business Unit within the Vitec Group's Videocom Division, and a leader in advanced digital microwave systems serving the Broadcast, Sports & Entertainment and MAG (Military, Aerospace & Government) markets, officially introduces its RF Central 2-GHz microLite HD transmitter to the European market at IBC 2012 (Stand 1.D40).
Integrated Microwave Technologies, LLC (IMT) Nucomm Skymaster Transmitter Soars Into IBC 2012
Integrated Microwave Technologies, LLC (IMT), a Business Unit within the Vitec Group's Videocom Division, and a leader in advanced digital microwave systems serving the Broadcast, Sports & Entertainment and MAG (Military, Aerospace & Government) markets, features its Nucomm SkymasterTX Digital COFDM Video Downlink Transmitter at IBC 2012 (Stand 1.D40).
Integrated Microwave Technologies, LLC (IMT) RF Central Vclip microlite Transmitter Makes The Connection at IBC 2013
Integrated Microwave Technologies, LLC (IMT), a Business Unit within the Vitec Group's Videocom Division and a leader in advanced digital microwave systems serving the broadcast, sports and entertainment markets, presents its RF Central VClip microLite Transmitter (VMLT) at IBC 2013 (Hall 1, Stand D.40).
Award-Winning Integrated Microwave Technologies, LLC (IMT) Wireless Gear Heads to China for BIRTV 2012
BEIJING, CHINA, AUGUST 20, 2012 — Integrated Microwave Technologies, LLC (IMT), a Business Unit within the Vitec Group's Videocom Division, and a leader in advanced digital microwave systems serving the Broadcast, Sports & Entertainment and MAG (Military, Aerospace & Government) markets, showcases its Nucomm and RF Central state-of-the-art digital microwave video systems for portable and fixed-link applications at BIRTV 2012 (Booth 8B15), China's premier radio, film and television industry exhibition.
Integrated Microwave Technologies, LLC (IMT) Nucomm Connect Live Wins Star Award from Editors of TV Technology Europe at IBC 2012
Integrated Microwave Technologies, LLC (IMT), a Business Unit within the Vitec Group's Videocom Division, and a leader in advanced digital microwave systems serving the Broadcast, Sports & Entertainment and MAG (Military, Aerospace & Government) markets, is proud to announce that its Nucomm Connect Live Video HD transmitter is the winner of the 2012 STAR (Superior Technology Award Recipient) Award presented by the editorial staff of TV Technology Europe magazine at the 2012 IBC show.
Integrated Microwave Technologies, LLC (IMT) Showcases Complete Line of Best-Selling RF Central microLite Transmitters at CCW 2013
Integrated Microwave Technologies (IMT), a Business Unit within the Vitec Group's Videocom Division and a leader in advanced digital microwave systems serving the Broadcast, Sports & Entertainment, and Military, Aerospace & Government markets, showcases its complete family of RF Central microLite HD Transmitters at Content & Communications World 2013 (CCW Booth 1011). Comprising the RF Central microLite HD camera-top Transmitter and two RF Central microLite HD camera-back transmitters including the Anton/Bauer and V-Clip mount options, the complete microLite family of HD transmitters offers a full range of docking options for compatibility with nearly every camera on the market.
Integrated Microwave Technologies, LLC (IMT) Displays Award-Winning Wireless Gear at CCW 2012
Integrated Microwave Technologies, LLC (IMT), a Business Unit within the Vitec Group's Videocom Division, and a leader in advanced digital microwave systems serving the Broadcast, Sports & Entertainment and MAG (Military, Aerospace & Government) markets, highlights the latest technologies from Nucomm and RF Central at CCW 2012 (Booth 1011). The company is exhibiting a wide range of state-of-the-art digital microwave video equipment for portable and fixed-link applications at this year's show.
Integrated Microwave Technologies, LLC (IMT) Nucomm Connect Live Beams into IBC 2012
Integrated Microwave Technologies, LLC (IMT), a Business Unit within the Vitec Group's Videocom Division, and a leader in advanced digital microwave systems serving the Broadcast, Sports & Entertainment and MAG (Military, Aerospace & Government) markets, unveils its Nucomm Connect Live COFDM and multi-4G/LTE live-video HD transmitter at IBC 2012 (Stand 1.D40).


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Calendar ITRL
Smart mobility policy - understanding the discourse
In recent years, ideas related to digitalization have come to form important parts of the contemporary transport policy agenda. This presentation is motivated by an interest in the ongoing formative phase of the emerging policy and planning area of digitalization and smart mobility.
Time: Tue 2018-05-22 08.30 - 09.30
Location: ITRL, Drottning Kristinas Väg 40 Stockholm, Sweden 10044
Lecturer: Karolina Isaksson, Jacob Witzell
The presentation will examine and critically discuss the ongoing discursive framing of digitalization in contemporary transport policy and planning, and to see what perspectives and meanings related to "smart" mobility and accessibility that are being established in strategic plans and policies for the transport sector.
The presentation is based upon a discourse analysis of the contemporary framing of the digitalization agenda in the Swedish transport policy context. The empirical focus is on transport strategies and official reports developed at the national level. The main findings indicate that digitalization is being framed as a rapid and unstoppable transformation process, which may lead to a range of positive outcomes such as reduced climate emissions, less congestion, improved accessibility and a smoother and more resource-efficient transport system. According to the ideas and assumptions that are being established through the current discourse, it is only through a stronger involvement of business enterprises that this transformation can occur. At the same, this emerging policy framing is less clear about how transport policy objectives will actually be balanced in relation to market and innovation interests. It also risk leaving the transition to sustainable mobility to less formalized and transparent policy arenas, parallel to, and partly detached from, established planning and strategy making processes.
Karolina Isaksson is a senior research leader in Planning and decision making processes at VTI, and adjunct professor in Urban planning specializing in policy and sustainability transitions at KTH. Her main research interests include sustainable transport development with a focus on power relations and institutional conditions.
Jacob Witzell is a PhD Student in Planning and decision analysis at VTI and KTH. He is currently studying organizational and institutional aspects of sustainable transitions within the MISTRA-program Sustainable Accessibility and Mobility Services.
The seminar is arranged by Integrated Transport Research Lab.
Breakfast will be served.
Please register by 18th of May to secure your place.
The event will also be streaming live on our Facebook page
Contact Albin Engholm, aengholm@kth.se
The presentation is the ninth installment in our series of Tuesday Seminars that will take place during 2018. Sign up for our newsletter to receive updates about future events at ITRL, or take a look at our calendar if you want to know more about what we have planned.
Tuesday seminar
Last changed: May 09, 2018

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Home / Lifestyle / Animals & Pets / Only Remaining Polar Bear in S. Korea to Move to British Wildlife Park
Only Remaining Polar Bear in S. Korea to Move to British Wildlife Park
Posted on June 11, 2018 by Korea Bizwire in Animals & Pets, Culture & Society, Lifestyle, Most Viewed with 0 Comments
Born in 1995 at a zoo in the southeastern city of Masan, Tongki moved to the Everland zoo two years later. (image: Everland)
YONGIN, Jun. 11 (Korea Bizwire) — The only remaining polar bear in South Korea, which has been living in a zoo south of Seoul for more than two decades, will move to a wildlife park in Britain later this year, zoo officials said Monday.
The planned relocation of the bear, named Tongki, from the Everland zoo to Britain's Yorkshire Wildlife Park came as the zoo has looked for ways to provide the aged bear with a better living environment after other polar bears of the zoo died.
Animal activists have also called for better living conditions for Tongki.
Everland zoo officials said they reached agreement with the British zoo on Tongki's relocation in November.
Born in 1995 at a zoo in the southeastern city of Masan, Tongki moved to the Everland zoo two years later. Considering a bear's life span is 25-30 years, the 24-year-old Tongki is about 70-80 in human years. It has been living alone in the zoo since 2015 after all other polar bears died.
Opened in 2009, Yorkshire Wildlife Park is a top-class animal park and is considered a good place for polar bears to live as it provides an environment similar to the actual habitat of bears, officials said.
Officials said Tongki is healthy enough to travel a long distance.
A polar bear expert with the British park visited the Everland zoo last month and checked Tongki's health and determined that the bear is in good health.
Tongki
Yorkshire Wildlife Park
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There Will Never Be a Genius in the SAE
WARNING: There is a certain ugly term that society has universally decided can no longer be quoted in print and must be bleeped from sound recordings. The term is commonly referred to now as "The N-word." I am going to use that word in this little essay. If you feel your head will explode from seeing the word, you should stop reading right here.
A few days ago a busload of fraternity boys from Sigma Alpha Epsilon at the University of Oklahoma were recorded singing a song to the tune of "If You're Happy and You Know It," with new lyrics. It went like this:
There will never be a nigger in the SAE!
You can hang him from a tree
But he'll never sign with me!
I'm sorry to say that it did not shock me to find that there is such consensual racism in a fraternity. I mean, it sounded like the whole bus was singing along. What did shock me, a little, was the stupidity. It was one of those "What were they thinking?" moments.
As it happened, there were at least two white boys on that bus who were recording the moment on their ubiquitous cell phones. A black student group obtained the videos, and posted them for all to see.
What I want to know is … how? I doubt the guys sent the videos to the student group because they thought black people might be amused by them. No one has yet told me how the videos got out there, but I have a good guess, and I'll bet you do, too. Those two geniuses must have posted them on the Internet.
Facebook, YouTube, Reddit, Imgur, any of a dozen possible sources that you would think, by now, even the least tech-savvy social networker in cyberspace (like myself) would realize puts it out there for all the world to see. But people keep doing it, don't they? Self-incrimination.
So far only two of this lynch-happy glee club have come forward, probably because their faces were easily identifiable in the videos. One of them, Parker Rice, 19, says the song was taught to him by other members. He also says:
"I am deeply sorry for what I did …"
"It was wrong and reckless …" Blah blah blah.
The other, Levi Pettit, let his parents speak for him:
" … shocked and saddened …"
"He made a horrible mistake …" Blah blah blah.
I would have thought that maybe one or two others on the bus might have come forward by now with a plea something like this:
"I was there on the bus and heard the racist song, but I didn't sing it. I thought about coming forward and telling the others how wrong it was, but I did not, and I am deeply ashamed …" Blah blah blah. But no one has.
Musing further, I wondered … could there be some other explanation for that song? Something that didn't involve racism? Any defense lawyer will tell you that there is always another side to every story, all you have to do is look for it, or make one up and sell it to a jury. Thus did Dan White get off easy for assassinating Harvey Milk and George Moscone because he ate too many Twinkies. Thus did O.J. Simpson get off completely for butchering Nicole Brown Simpson and Ronald Goldman because a fucking glove didn't easily fit.
So I thought and thought, just as a mental exercise, you understand, to see if I could come up with a way to exonerate these future-KKK assholes. And I came up with an excuse they could try out.
They were re-enactors.
I guess you know that, most weekends back East, hordes of fat guys go out into the woods on or near a battlefield of the War Between the States (or as we called it in Texas, the War of Northern Aggression) and drag their tents out of their Super-Duty extended cab pick-ups. Then they dress up in Union or Confederate uniforms and blaze away at each other, pretending that charging into a battery of cannons firing chain shot was a lot of fun.
This bus trip was like that. These guys were re-enacting the civil rights struggle of the 1960s. This happens to be the 50th anniversary of the police riot in Selma, Alabama. These guys had intended to go to Selma and pretend to be the racist white folks who watched the cops break heads and chanted "Niggers go home!" Then they planned to move on to the University of Alabama. They had a George Wallace impersonator ready to stand in the doorway of the auditorium and prevent two black students from entering. That is where they planned to sing their little racist ditty. I mean, you can't have a re-enactment with just one side showing up. You have to have the Johnny Rebs out there on the battlefield with the Union troops. So, in conclusion, ladies and gentlemen of the jury, I submit that this was all a misunderstanding.
You think it will fly? No, I don't, either.
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16 Albums & 21 Singles & EPs
Amy Winehouse, PJ Harvey, Siouxsie And The Banshees, Feist, Goldfrapp, Kate Bush


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Did Houghton cheat on wife?
Israel Houghton had infidelity issues in his previous marriage. Bailon is Israel's second wife. He was previously married for 20 years to a woman named Meleasa Houghton. Israel admits he was unfaithful throughout his marriage to Meleasa, even having outside children.
Accordingly, Did Israel Houghton have children outside of his marriage?
Israel Has Four Children
According to Israel's IMDb profile, he married his first wife [now ex-wife] Meleasa Houghton in 1994. During their marriage, which lasted until February 22, 2016, the two welcomed three children Sonny, Mariah, and Lillie. … However, his ex-wife Meleasa is not Jordan's biological mother.
Moreover, What is Israel Houghton's ex wife doing now?
Meleasa is a gospel singer. In 2015 she won the GMA Dove Award for traditional gospel. After her divorce she has not been active with her music but she is involved with women empowerment and charity organizations.
Also Is Israel Houghton still leading worship?
Israel currently serves as a worship leader (alongside Cindy Cruse-Ratcliff, Steve Crawford and Da'dra Crawford-Greathouse) at Lakewood Church in Houston, pastored by Joel Osteen. Houghton is also the producer of Darlene Zschech's latest worship albumRevealing Jesus.
Does Israel Houghton and Adrienne have children?
But despite being in a longtime relationship with singer Israel Houghton, she does not have any children, which raises the question: Does Adrienne Bailon want kids? To answer, the former 3LW star definitely does — and she's apparently started to try for one amid the coronavirus quarantine.
Why did Houghton divorce first wife?
How old is Israel?
How much did Adrienne Bailon's new house cost?
Why was Israel Houghton fired from Lakewood Church?
Why did Israel divorce his wife?
Does Loni Love have a child?
Can Palestinians become Israeli citizens?
Does Israel have nuclear weapons?
How safe is Israel?
How much does Adrienne Bailon make on The Real?
How much is Adrienne Bailon net worth?
Is Israel Houghton from Lakewood Church?
What church is Israel Houghton affiliated with?
Who sings at Joel Osteen church?
Who is Loni Love dating now?
Is Loni Love in a sorority?
What is Loni Love net worth?
How is Israel so rich?
How does Israel make money?
What is the average income in Israel?
Adrienne Houghton, who wed Israel Houghton after his cheating wrecked his marriage, calls adulterers 'cowardly' Adrienne Houghton (née Bailon), who wed Israel Houghton—the worship leader that divorced his wife of 20 years because of his own infidelity—calls men who cheat on their wives "cowardly."
Between 2.6 and 0.9 million years ago, at least four episodes of hominine dispersal from Africa to the Levant are known, each culturally distinct. The oldest evidence of early humans in the territory of modern Israel, dating to 1.5 million years ago, was found in Ubeidiya near the Sea of Galilee.
It seems that former Cheetah Girl Adrienne Bailon was on the prowl for a gorgeous LA home and she found exactly what she was looking for. Tucked behind the elite gates of The Oaks community in Calabasas, the dwelling cost the singer, actress, and now talk show host $3 million.
A recording at Lakewood said the Houston megachurch was closed for the holiday. RadarOnline claims Houghton was "booted from his five-year position as a minister"for allegedly cheating on his wife of 20 years with former Cheetah Girls member Adrienne Bailon.
For the sake of their children, like most estranged couples, they chose to remain friends and kind to each other going forward. The leading cause of their divorce was Andrienne Bailon, with who Israel has an extramarital affair before his divorce to wife, Meleasa Houghton.
Despite her achievements, the 48-year-old never had kids of her own, a decision she made several years ago. "The real" co-host, Loni Love, has been open about her decision never to have kids, despite several successful years in the entertainment industry, with all the means in place to raise a child.
Family reunification for Palestinians
In 2003, the Citizenship and Entry into Israel Law was passed.
Estimates of Israel's stockpile range between 80 and 400 nuclear warheads, and the country is believed to possess the ability to deliver them in several methods, including by aircraft, as submarine-launched cruise missiles, and via the Jericho series of intermediate to intercontinental range ballistic missiles.
The main tourist areas- Tel Aviv, Jerusalem, Haifa, the Negev, Dead Sea, and Galilee, remain as safe as always. In addition to that, personal safety in Israel is always incredibly high and crime very low, especially when compared to many Western countries and cities.
The Real has been on TV since 2012, so it's quite surprising that Adrienne Bailon was only earning an estimated $200,000 to $950,000 per season, according to Showbiz Cheatsheet.
How much is Adrienne Bailon Worth? Adrienne Bailon net worth: Adrienne Bailon is an American musician, actress, dancer, and television personality who has a net worth of $4 million.
A rep for Lakewood says, "Lakewood Church released Israel Houghton from his responsibilities as a worship leader [in February] and placed him on indefinite leave. Since that time, he has not been featured in any Lakewood Church related activities."
Renowned as a worship leader in Pastor Joel Osteen's Lakewood church in Houston, Houghton has also led hundreds of thousands in worship at events, churches and festivals around the world.
Cindy Lerae Cruse-Ratcliff (born May 18, 1963) is a singer-songwriter who serves as the senior worship leader at the Lakewood Church in Houston, Texas.
Loni Love and her boyfriend James Welsh have been together for two years and the star has been sharing their relationship with her fans.
Loni Love on Instagram: "Happy #InternationalDayOfFriendship to my sorority sisters from Delta Sigma Theta!" comiclonilove Happy #InternationalDayOfFriendship to my sorority sisters from Delta Sigma Theta!
Loni Love is worth an estimated $1 million, according to Celebrity Net Worth.
The country's major economic sectors are technology and industrial manufacturing; the Israeli diamond industry is one of the world's centers for diamond cutting and polishing, amounting to 23.2% of all exports.
Tax rates in Israel are among the highest in the world, with income, value-added, customs and excise, land, and luxury taxes being the main sources of revenue. The government has gradually raised the proportion of indirect taxes since the late 1950s.
Israeli households earned an average before-tax income of 18,671 shekels ($4855) a month last year, and an after-tax income of 15,427 shekels ($4011), according to the newly-released results of a survey conducted by the Central Bureau of Statistics.
Last Updated: 23 days ago – Authors : 9 – Contributors : 33 – References : 28 interviews and posts; 10 Videos.
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Quotes About Medical Research
Blindness & Vision
"Science cannot resolve moral conflicts, but it can help to more accurately frame the debates around these conflicts."
Heinz R. Pagels
"Research is to see what everybody else has seen, and to think what nobody else has thought."
Albert Szent-Gyorgyi
"Somewhere, something incredible is waiting to be known."
Dr. Carl Sagan
"Medicine, the only profession that labors incessantly to destroy the reason for its existence."
"Every great advance in science has issued from a new audacity of the imagination."
"It is ironic that in the same year we celebrate the 50th anniversary of the discovery of DNA, some would have us ban certain forms of DNA medical research. Restricting medical research has very real human consequences, measured in loss of life and tremendous suffering for patients and their families."
"Medical science has proven time and again that when the resources are provided, great progress in the treatment, cure, and prevention of disease can occur."
"Medical research in the twentieth century mostly takes place in the lab; in the Renaissance, though, researchers went first and foremost to the library to see what the ancients had said."
Peter Lewis Allen
"When burned on a CD, the human genome is smaller than Microsoft Office."
Steve Jurvetson
"The art and science of asking questions is the source of all knowledge. "
"There is no medicine like hope, no incentive so great and no tonic so powerful as expectations of something better than tomorrow."
Orioson Swett Marden


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עברית Search
Homepage About News Documents Publications Podcast Donate Contact
English עברית
Accessing the Archives
Israel State Archives: One Step Forward, Two Steps Back
Suspicions of war crimes in 1948: "If these acts are covered up – the blame lies with the entire government"
Classified minutes of cabinet meeting held in July 1948 revealed
National Security or Public Image? The Case of the Jaffa Ghetto
Concealing Archival Material from 1948: The case of the Riftin report
Concealed for 73 years, the Riftin report is finally published in full
Israeli Case Law of Access to the Archives
International Principles
1967/8: first year of Occupation
MAG briefing on the legal and juridical problems in the territories of the military government
Knesset Foreign Affairs and Defense Committee meetings, June 1967 – June 1968: the complete transcripts. Part 2
These tasks cannot be carried out by usual means
Linguistic move
Report of the Military Prosecutor in Gaza and North Sinai, July-August 1967
Capital of the West Bank
The Comay-Meron Cable reveals reasons for Israeli position on applicability of 4th Geneva Convention
Displacement in the Heights: How the Population of the Golan Heights Vanished in 1967
The Committee of Directors-General: meeting minutes, 1967-1977
The Death Penalty in the Occupied Territories: the Coordination Committee designs a policy
IDF General HQ on future of the Territories: "a conversation with no conclusion"
Under the Guise of Security
Israel shoots propaganda film. Golan Heights residents flee
Research for Teddy
Re: West Bank residents' thoughts and opinions regarding the future
Erasure of the Green Line
Seven Options for the Future of the West Bank and the Gaza Strip
The Hebron settlement: "We are not discussing the spiritual side today; we are discussing the practical side."
Deportation policy approved despite warning it violates 4th Geneva Convention
Researching the occupation
Memorandum – Visit to the office of the military governor of the Gaza Strip
"There Would Be No End": The Killing of PWD Workers by Border Police officers
"The committee wishes to particularly emphasize that time is of cardinal importance"
"Re: Geneva Convention – Blasting Homes and Deportation"
"It should be described as an act of Municipal Fusion, rather than annexation"
"Cautionary remarks with respect to the use of certain terms"
"Rule and law in the Occupied Territory of Gaza Strip and Northern Sinai"
"There is the question of the Arabs and the question of the Jews": Government discussion on the future of the West Bank, August 20 1967
1967/8: The Occupation's First Year
About the dangers of annexing the West Bank: Eliyahu Sasson's Letters
After the annexation: East Jerusalem problems awaiting resolution
Agenda: exchanging views on the Administered Territories
Gaza & Sinai 1956/7
What happened in Gaza in 1956? When the archives are silent, stories do the talking
Gaza Report. November 1956 – March 1957
The State of Israel and the Laws of Occupation: the Beginning
Intelligence and resistance during Gaza's first Israeli Occupation
Palestinian citizens in Israel
Refusing to reach an agreement
Israeli Arabs – Situation Assessment and Projection
Kafr Qasim Massacre: Document Library
Independence Day as a Loyalty Gauge
Intelligence brief from 1948 hidden for decades indicates Jewish fighters' actions were the major cause of Arab displacement, not calls from Arab leadership
"The premise with regards to Arabs in Israel: a security problem"
Fast-tracking the Judaization of the Galilee: "Land reserves for the next 40 years for settlement activity"
Palestinian citizens of Israel during a second round: Unfounded assessment
Preparations for the first Land Day, 1976: Transcripts of consultation meetings convened by Prime Minister Rabin
Big Brother in the Teachers' Lounge: "We have found out from various sources that the above are communists."
The Khirbet Jalameh affair: "The eviction, carried out without use of force, had no legal expression."
"Though some incidents in which military commanders collect architectural relics from historical sites do occur, it is difficult to prevent this"
"We are still interested in remaining under the Military Rule"
"A complex, delicate problem"
"An intricate issue": Censorship of Arabic language prose and poetry in Israel
Our interest is to preserve Israel as a Jewish state. When we say 'security,' that is what's meant"
"The abandoned villages remain standing, but they hardly have a soul in them […] this emptiness is a vulnerability in terms of the return of Arab refugees"
"The government [knows] which demonstration is acceptable and which is not acceptable"
Mixed Cities: A history of segregation and inequality
"It is better to have special areas for Jews and areas for Arabs"
"It is Proposed to Relocate the Arab Tribes in Order to Free the Areas They Occupy"
Arab Satellite Parties – Another Means of Control
Afforestation – a tool for landgrab
Insurance against political risk: Settlements and the Yanai governmental insurance corporation
Failed attempts at law enforcement
Settlements – yes. Unapproved settlements – no
Rafah Salient expulsion: declassified 1969 cable presents plan
"Initially, the seizure is for security purposes"
Unavoidable Necessity: Lands of Aqraba, Lands of Gitit
"The fiction of replacing the means with the end may backfire"
Israeli government knew building settlements on lands allegedly seized for military needs was unlawful, Document Reveals
A Private Initiative: the affair of Elkana D and the death of Ibrahim Al-Aqra
Archived documents uncovered by Akevot filed to High Court in petition on settlement jurisdiction allocation
Israeli Policy in the Occupied Territories
The shape of the occupation to come: Israeli preparations for controlling the occupied territories
Shin Bet recommendations for actions in the Occupied Territories
Firing Zone 918: a 1967 legal opinion presented to the High Court
The man behind the "enlightened occupation"
The Umbricht Brief: Israel and the 4th Geneva Convention
"Are the Golan Heights now a part of Israel?"
Abandoned babies from Sinai sent abroad for adoption
Appropriate tools: Israeli Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Amnesty's Israel Section, 1969-1977
Human rights and International Law
"The matter herein concerns the competency of a governmental authority to prohibit broadcasting something due to its content and the idea it encapsulates"
Investigating Torture Allegations – "important for the Shin Bet and important for the rule of law"
Bedouins
The Bedouin Siyag plan: "Facilitating control on the ground" and "creating enclaves to break contiguity."
Expulsion from Rafah Salient : The Declassified Report of the Commission of Inquiry
Military Intelligence, The Sarahin Bedouins and the expulsion from Mount Negev: Military Governor's Brief
The Protest of Bedouins Following Land Settlement in the Negev
Hast thou dispossessed, and also taken possession? How the grain of the al-Hozayel tribe ended up in the hands of the former Military Governor
Aims and Means - the podcast
Exiled in Sinai: The story of the Nekhel and Abu Zenima detention facilities
Operation Patient: The Hidden Story of the Initiative to Deport Palestinian Prisoners to Jordan
The Military Rule
The Military Rule as mediator between the state and Palestinian citizens: "Discrimination on the basis of race"
Security Settlements and the Question of Land: the Ratner Committee report on Military Rule and its Secret Annex
File GL-17005/6: the reordering of control over Palestinian citizens of Israel at the late stages of the Military Rule
"Due to political considerations, we decided this recommendation belongs in the letter rather than the report"
"Without unnecessary brutality"
"The public assumed erroneously that upon the abolition of the Military Rule apparatus, every citizen would be free to travel anywhere."
"Rafiq Halabi doesn't have to be everywhere"
December 3rd, 1948 - June 5th, 1952
Akevot Institute | May 2021
The term "mixed cities," which has been making headlines recently, hides a varied history. Some cities were mixed before 1948, some became mixed immediately after the war, and others have been becoming increasingly mixed due to long lasting socio-demographic trends. A brief overview of what happened in these cities – together with a number of archival documents – can help explain the varying intensities of the tensions that have erupted in the past week.
Military Government Adjacent Committee meeting
After Ramle and Lod were seized in July 1948, only about 1,000 Palestinian residents remained in them, the vast majority of them belonging to the poorest and most marginalized segments of society. After the war, Israel rapidly settled tens of thousands of newly arrived Jewish immigrants in the homes and neighborhoods left behind. Attempts by Palestinian residents to return to their homes in the cities were aggressively blocked by the Military Government. The few remaining Palestinian residents were joined, over time, by internally displaced Palestinians from the surrounding villages who had been stripped of land and property and moved to the city in search of sources of income. The decision to settle newly arrived Jewish immigrants in Lod was made while the fighting was still underway: Transcripts from a meeting of the Military Government Adjacent Committee posted here present a brief overview of the first steps towards settling new residents in the cities conquered and cleared out of Palestinians during the war. The first commander of the Military Government, Major General Avenr Elimelech pronounced: "Close to 6,000 people can be settled in Lod."
Report from activities among Arab Refugees
As the war ended and the Triangle area was annexed to Israel, about 156,000 Palestinians remained inside Israel – 25,000 of them were internally displaced, uprooted from their lands and stripped of all property. In the latter half of 1949, the government set up a committee to "formulate plans for the rehabilitation of Arab refugees." The document posted here refers to decisions made by the Refugee Settlement Authority, which was established based on this committee several years later. One of the committee's decisions was to expell all residents of the village of Zakkaryia, near Beit Shemesh. Some residents moved outside Israel entirely, while others were housed in a tent encampment in Ramle, and later in the homes of Palestinian residents who had been expelled from the city and left it. The city of Majdal was also cleared out of its residents, and as the document reports, some were transferred to Gaza, while another group would later be housed in Ramle. The same document also notes that refugees (referring to displaced Palestinians) from nearby villages also lived in Acre. They, too, had been "sorted," as the document states, and some were moved to Syria.
Meeting regarding security conditions in the cities Ramle-Lod
Jewish invasions of Palestinian homes began taking place in mixed cities where Jewish residents were settled during and after the war. Unlike the state-sanctioned assignment of Palestinian properties to Jewish citizens, carried out by the Custodian of Absentee property or his delegates, these were illegal, unsanctioned invasions by Jewish civilians into Palestinian properties whose original owners had either been internally displaced or became refugees. Some of these invasions were organized (for instance, by groups of discharged soldiers and war veterans with disabilities), while others were carried out by individuals acting alone. A speaker at a meeting held prior to the end of the Military Government in Ramle-Lod cautioned: "There is serious concern over invasions into apartments in 'Arab quarters' and forcible removals of Arab residents."
Overview of activities in cooperation with Military Governors
In September 1948, Prime Minister and Minister of Defense David Ben Gurion announced the establishment of a military government in the held territories (the term refers to all territories designated for the Arab state under the UN partition plan that had been seized during the war). In the months that followed, additional areas with concentrations of Palestinian citizens were put under the Military Rule. These areas were assigned Military Governors to run the affairs of the Military Government, with attachés from the Ministry of Minority Affairs and the Ministry of Interior, who were charged with overseeing routine civilian matters. This system was put in place in Jaffa, Lod, Ramle, Nazareth, and Acre (but not in Haifa). As the document posted here indicates, by March 1949, "special conditions" had been created in Acre, Ramle and Lod, "as a result of the Hebrew population settling in their midst." Consequently, the government decided to set up city-specific committees as a preliminary step towards the abolition of the Military Government. The Military Government in these cities was ultimately ended in July of 1949. The remaining areas where Palestinians lived in Israel were kept under Military Rule for 17 more years until it was finally dismantled in 1966.
Report on Jewish Agency absorption action in Ramle
After the war, Israel rapidly settled tens of thousands of newly arrived Jewish immigrants in the homes and neighborhoods that Palestinians left behind. At the same time, the Military Government aggressively prevented Palestinian residents from returning to them. As a large enough Jewish population had been established in some of these cities, the possibility of ending the Military Government in Lod, Ramle, and Acre was discussed and eventually implemented in July 1949. Some two months prior to that, the Jewish Agency Department of Absorption prepared a concluding report about its work in the city, indicating that by May of 1949, Ramle had received 2,450 newly arrived Jewish families – a total of 7,878 people. To compare, after the war, only 1,000 Palestinian residents remained in Ramle and Lod combined. The report also indicates these new Jewish immigrants had arrived from no less than 22 different countries, that a third of them were children, and that time and effort would be needed in order for most of these families to be fully integrated into the city's economy.
Letter from residents of Lod
When the War of Independence came to an end, about 1,000 Palestinian residents remained in Lod and Ramle combined. The tens of thousands of Palestinians who had resided in the cities before the war were expelled or fled months earlier. Soon, Israel began settling newly arrived Jewish immigrants in the emptied Palestinian cities, while taking over lands and buildings that belonged to local Palestinian residents who had become citizens of the newly established state. The letter posted here sheds light on the policies of exploitation and pilferage employed by various state authorities against Palestinian citizens living in Lod in the years following the war. The letter's authors protest the expropriation of their properties, the lack of response their applications they filed to have their property released, and requests they made to lease land in the meantime in order to be able to make a living. They also request an end to the use of threats against them and to the transfer of their properties to new residents of the city.
Minutes of the Military Government Adjacent Committee meeting
Meeting in preparation for the abolition of the Military Government in the cities Ramle-Lod
Ministry of Interior overview
Letter from residents of Lod to Prime Minister David Ben Gurion


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Last Flight from Tehran // How 34 Israelis managed to escape in the middle of the Iranian Revolution
Isaac Horovitz
Iran was in flames at the height of the chaos during the Islamic Revolution of 1978. Revolutionary Guards patrolled the streets, stopping anyone suspected of collaborating with the Shah and hanging them from street lights. The ayatollahs were beginning to impose their authority.
Israel was soon declared a target, and anti-Zionist slogans began to appear on walls. The Israeli Embassy was taken over by a mob of protesters and handed over to the PLO. Thirty-four senior Israelis, including the ambassador, a member of the Knesset, the head of the Mossad in Iran and the Israeli military attaché, were trapped in Iran. Fortunately, having been forewarned of the danger, they had gone into hiding. But they knew that they couldn't stay hidden for long.
Back in Israel, the government officials were desperate. They had done all they could to rescue their trapped countrymen, but without success, and with every passing day the situation was becoming more dangerous. With every other option exhausted, Chief of Staff Lt. General Rafael Eitan formulated a daring rescue plan. It would require the participation of the Israeli Air Force and was assigned to a unit under the direction of Colonel Ephraim Sneh.
According to the plan, a Hercules turboprop transport aircraft would land in the Dasht-e Kavir desert, 500 kilometers from Tehran. The plane would pick up the trapped Israelis, who would hopefully figure out a way to get there.
The operation was coordinated with the military attaché of the Israeli Embassy in Tehran, Brigadier General Yitzchak Segev. "I had to organize our group and somehow get us out to the desert. We were then supposed to mark the place for the rescue plane to land. But the plan seemed rather hopeless," he recalls. "On the road out of Tehran we passed rows of gallows from which the Revolutionary Guards were busy hanging people they'd stopped in the street. How exactly were 34 foreigners going to get out of the capital and then continue driving for another five hours into the desert?"
There were other problems as well. How would an unauthorized aircraft avoid detection by the Iranian air defenses and radar, and then find a remote landing site?
But there was no other choice. The 34 Israelis were in clear and immediate danger. They had to be rescued, even if the plan was less than optimal. No one involved in the planning could have imagined how it would turn out.
The Fall of the Shah
The Shah of Iran, Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, ascended Persia's Peacock Throne in 1941. He set out to move his country forward and ally it with the West. In truth, he succeeded in making great advances in fields such as education, women's rights, workers' rights, and health care, and amassed the world's sixth-largest army. The Shah ruled his country with an iron fist, with the help of the intelligence service he established, known as the SAVAK, which terrorized the populace.
Officially, the Shah supported Arab causes and was part of the anti-Israel alliance. But the two countries had full diplomatic relations, and each maintained an embassy in the other's country. In fact, the Shah admired Israel and forged strong ties with the Jewish state.
The two countries enjoyed close trade relations. Israel bought all its oil from Iran, and Iran exported oil to other countries via a pipeline that led to Eilat, from where it was transported elsewhere. In return, Israel sold billions of dollars' worth of military equipment to Tehran. Israel also developed weapons for the Iranian military, with the Mossad and the SAVAK working together to gather intelligence. The friendship was so strong that Iran became Israel's second-closest ally after the United States. Aside from the approximately 100,000 Persian Jews who lived in the country, there were an additional 3,000 Israeli diplomats, agricultural and military advisers, and representatives of various companies.
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Why is CONCACAF Champions League qualifying so dang complicated this year?
Or why the New York Red Bulls are relying on Atlanta United to get them into CCL 2019.
By Austin Fido@canetop Dec 4, 2018, 9:17am EST
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The recently-concluded 2019 CONCACAF Champions League draw was a little more complicated than is perhaps usual for a soccer tournament. There is still one slot open in the 16-team field: a slot that will ultimately be filled by either Portland Timbers or New York Red Bulls.
If Portland wins the 2018 MLS Cup, Portland plays CCL 2019; if Portland does not win MLS Cup this year, RBNY takes the open slot by virtue of having the best aggregate points record in MLS over the past two seasons of any otherwise not-CCL-qualified American club.
Atlanta United has the best points record in the league over 2017 and 2018, and thereby has already qualified for CCL 2019, but if it wins MLS Cup this year it would be twice qualified, so the open slot would fall to RBNY.
If this seems confusing, it's because it is. So much so that CONCACAF's publication of the results of its own drawn was at odds with its description of how the draw was supposed to play out.
Matchups have been set for #SCCL2019!
Los emparejamientos para los octavos de final de la #SCCL 2019 son los siguientes: pic.twitter.com/HgQUoTpxj4
— Scotiabank Concacaf Champions League (@TheChampions) December 4, 2018
Spot the mistake? CONCACAF has RBNY or Portland down to play Atletico Pantoja, but that isn't quite right, per CONCACAF's own account of the structure of the draw. It is true that RBNY and Portland are competing for the same berth in CCL, but their method of qualification and therefore their place in the draw, is different.
If Portland qualifies, it qualifies as the MLS Cup winner, and that is a title it is contesting with Atlanta United. In the CCL 2019 draw, the slot awarded to the 2018 MLS Cup winner was matched with Costa Rican club Herediano - so that is the slot Portland should take if it beats Atlanta in MLS Cup on December 8. In that scenario, Atlanta claims its "best aggregate points record in MLS" slot and plays Atletico Pantoja.
⚽ .@atleticopantoja vs @ATLUTD. Por muchas razones, el partido que me hubiera gustado. Aunque no estaba en el destino, si pude "echar pleito" con mi hermano @fdorodriguez durante la recepción.
Mi hermano, grato conversar y pasarnos un rato como los viejos tiempos #SCCL2019 pic.twitter.com/42IvQgd3Uz
— José Ernesto Devárez (@JEDevarez) December 4, 2018
If RBNY qualifies, it is because Atlanta won MLS Cup, in which case the Red Bulls play Atletico Pantoja and the Five Stripes get Herediano.
CONCACAF either forgot this detail or changed its mind about the structure of the draw without telling anyone. Either is possible, neither would be necessary if the qualifying routes for this edition of the tournament were a little more straightforward.
Why so complicated? Didn't the MLS Supporters' Shield winner in any given year used to automatically qualify for CCL - and wouldn't that be RBNY this year? Good questions, strawman who just popped into my head agitating for a blog post; good questions. Here is a modest attempt to explain why the draw for CCL 2019 is so seemingly muddled this year.
The only constant is change, or CONCACAF loves to tinker with CCL
The first and simplest answer to the question of why CCL qualification has got a little murkier than usual this year is that CONCACAF loves to tinker with the format of its regional club championship.
CONCACAF started organizing a regional club championship back in 1962 and has since experimented with just about every conceivable format (including no championship at all from 1964 to 1966). We are currently in the "Champions League" era of the championship, a name-change that accompanied a format switch back in 2008.
In March and April 2008, CONCACAF held a Champions' Cup contested by eight teams and won by Pachuca. In August 2008, CONCACAF kicked off its inaugural Champions League, losing an apostrophe in exchange for a lot more teams. The new format for the regional club championship saw 24 teams enter a tournament that comprised three distinct phases: a 16-team preliminary stage; a 16-team group stage; an eight-team knockout stage.
It was not the last modification CONCACAF would make to the tournament but the "Champions League" moniker has stuck, even though the relentless tinkering with the competition has now come full circle and the present CCL is basically an expanded version of the "Champions' Cup" format that was abandoned in 2008.
CONCACAF is not unique in its habit of constantly tweaking and modifying its tournaments. It is the preferred past-time of most administrators of soccer's federations, associations and leagues around the world.. Still, if you're ever wondering why some aspect of CCL has changed, the answer is almost always fundamentally because changing aspects of CCL - or whatever name has been given to the regional club championship - is what CONCACAF likes to do.
Careful what you wish for, or MLS kinda asked for this
The specific change CONCACAF engineered in its latest round of changes to CCL was a sort of administrative sleight of hand: make the tournament bigger and smaller at the same time.
Back in 2008, when Champions' Cup flipped into Champions League, the most visible consequence of the format change was the competition got a lot longer: teams now had to make room for games in the summer that would lead to knockout rounds in the spring.
In MLS at least - and quite possibly elsewhere around the region - this change quickly gave rise to a new tradition: year-long complaining about CCL fixtures. The format shifted a little over the years, but it mostly stuck with the idea that teams would play a few games in the summer and then those that qualified for the knockout rounds would play a few more in the spring.
MLS clubs promptly started a semi-annual tradition of complaining about the CCL schedule: in the summer, the tournament was accused of intruding upon the culmination of the MLS regular season; in the spring, it was argued the competition started up too early and caught MLS teams unawares and unprepared, since they were mostly just emerging from preseason when the CCL knockout rounds began.
Contrary to the opinion of some, CONCACAF is not a cabal dedicated to the ruination of American soccer. The USA is a member of CONCACAF and a very significant one at that: the federation is headquartered in the USA and schedules as many of its tournaments as it can in the home of the world's favorite hard currency.
The arguments against the CCL format were heard, the CCL format was changed. The USA can't just have the region's club championship rigged in its favor (though CONCACAF has experimented with that idea too: from 1997 to 2000, the latter stages of Champions' Cup were single-elimination rounds staged mostly in a single US city - MLS clubs won two of the four tournaments in that stretch), so the format didn't get switched to something perfectly aligned with whatever MLS teams thought they might want - but a change was made nonetheless.
The nettlesome summer rounds of CCL were eliminated, sparing the region's bigger clubs what had become a somewhat self-defeating exercise anyway. Liga MX and MLS teams in particular had fallen into the habit of fielding mostly reserve sides during the CCL Group Stage, a habit that provided some upsets to enliven the competition but did little to enhance the tournament's overall reputation.
MLS teams in particular also had third - perhaps more valid - complaint: they effectively contested every CCL over three different years with three different squads. The tournament straddled summer and spring because that is the way most soccer seasons around the world are structured. But MLS runs from early March to early December (for now). And MLS teams can and do change their rosters quite significantly from season to season.
This meant an American team in the quarterfinals of CCL could be on its third distinct squad since starting the cycle for a particular tournament.
Take RBNY's 2016-17 CCL bid, for example. The Red Bulls qualified for that tournament as the 2015 Supporter's Shield winner, a title clinched in October, 2015: squad one.
#SecondFamily @NewYorkRedBulls @MLS pic.twitter.com/TDneVeqEDk
— Felipe Martins (@FeliMartins8) October 26, 2015
They started playing the Group Stage of the 2016-17 CCL in August, 2016, by which time the roster was missing notable contributors from the year before like Matt Miazga and Lloyd Sam: squad two.
By February, 2017, when the team kicked off the quarterfinals of CCL 2016-17 against Vancouver Whitecaps, the roster had changed further - no more Dax McCarty, most notably: squad three.
No 2017 treble for #RBNY. Vancouver was simply better prepared than New York. An inauspicious start to the season for Jesse Marsch's squad
— Savarese 4 #USMNT (@Klimberginho) March 3, 2017
The difference between squad one and squad three in this sequence for RBNY? The 2015 team was top of the league; the 2017 squad finished sixth in the Eastern Conference.
So CONCACAF took the Group Stage away. The split-year format was abandoned after the 2016-17 edition. There would be a new format that simultaneously expanded the competition and contracted it. In the summer of 2017, CONCACAF League would see 16 teams compete for a single berth in a new, stand-alone 16-team CONCACAF Champions League that would run in the spring of 2018. The larger associations in the region - Mexico, the USA, and Canada - kept their allocations of teams to the tournament (four each for Mexico and the USA; one for Canada) and were spared the summer competition - they would be parachuted straight into the CCL-proper spring championship.
There were now technically a total of 31 teams in CCL (if you include those in the summer CONCACAF League tournament) - up from 24. But also the CCL part of CCL - the bit contested by "Champions" as opposed to the also-rans invited to the summer competition - was reduced to a 16-team spring sprint for a regional title.
The change didn't address all of the complaints of MLS clubs: they'd still have to prepare for a major tournament that started in their preseason. But it did eliminate two of the three main sources of discontent for American teams: no longer would they be competing in 2017 for a trophy they earned the right to chase back in 2015; no more need to send weakened teams to El Salvador in September to risk an early exit from the competition.
Two out of three ain't bad; MLS complaints might be quietened for a while. Except...
Change in format = change in qualifying procedures = short-term pain
The present CCL format was announced more than a year in advance of its implementation. We knew in January 2017 that there would be no CCL for American teams until early 2018. The problem, however, was that teams coming off the 2016 MLS season were effectively already qualified for CCL.
CONCACAF leaves the question of how to qualify teams for CCL up to the respective national and regional (the Caribbean handles CCL qualification as a bloc) associations. In the case of teams filling the four spots reserved for the USA, that qualification process had settled on a familiar format: MLS Cup winner, US Open Cup winner, Supporters' Shield winner, and the regular-season winner of whichever MLS Conference didn't produce the holder of the Shield.
To be fair to US Soccer, it is a pretty balanced qualification formula. You won't find any other domestic Cup champions in CCL, but US Soccer has long favored reserving a spot for the US Open Cup winner - which also creates a hypothetical route to CCL for teams not in MLS. The four teams are also split between knockout-competition champions (MLS Cup and USOC) and top performers in the league (Shield and Conference winners). Mexico, by contrast, gets four spots and gives them all to the finalists of the two play-off tournaments Liga MX gets through every year.
So in January 2017, US Soccer already had its four qualified teams for the 2017-18 CONCACAF Champions League: Seattle Sounders had won 2016 MLS Cup; FC Dallas had won the 2016 Shield and USOC; RBNY was the non-Shield winning regular-season Eastern Conference champ; and Colorado Rapids qualified as the runner-up in the Shield race because FCD had won two CCL berths but only needed one.
What to do? Tell these teams they missed out on CCL because it wasn't happening until 2018? US Soccer could have gone that route, but didn't. Instead, all four advanced to the 2018 CONCACAF Champions League. That left the question of what to do with two seasons - 2017 and 2018 - that could potentially qualify teams for the 2019 CONCACAF Champions League.
The decision was taken to combine 2017 and 2018 into one single qualifying period for 2019 CCL. This would mean that by 2019, US teams would be back to qualifying four teams from that year for CCL the next: 2020 CCL is expected to receive the usual four American candidates for the competition - the 2019 MLS Cup and USOC winners; the 2019 Shield winner; the regular-season winner of whichever Conference didn't produce the Shield winner.
Once it was decided not to disappoint the teams that already thought they'd qualified for CCL in 2016, the task was to work out a way of sending four American teams from the combined outcomes of the 2017 and 2018 seasons to CCL 2019.
The formula that was chosen was to simply send the two MLS Cup winners and the two USOC winners from those years to CCL. That broke with a longstanding tradition of the Supporters' Shield winner getting a CCL berth, but it also preserved the CCL spot linked to US Open Cup. And it would only be necessary for a couple of seasons, and the everything could go back to "normal" - at least until the next CCL format change.
A wrinkle came in the form of Toronto FC winning the 2017 MLS Cup and Supporters' Shield. TFC is a Canadian team; Canadian teams have their own route to CCL.
So it was decided that the American CCL spot otherwise due the 2017 MLS Cup winner would be awarded to the American team with the best aggregate points record in the 2017 and 2018 seasons. Atlanta United claimed that prize, but remains in the running for the 2018 MLS Cup.
Qualified ☑
International competition here we come. #UniteAndConquer pic.twitter.com/7VEG7nUQO4
— Atlanta United FC (@ATLUTD) October 21, 2018
If Atlanta wins the 2018 MLS Cup, it will be twice-qualified for CCL 2019 - in which case the team with the second-best aggregate MLS points record over the last two years gets the last spot for an American team: RBNY.


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When the Jerry Sandusky sex-abuse scandal broke at Pennsylvania State University last November, Al Perillo made a decision: Starting this year, all Pop Warner Football coaches in New England - not just head coaches, but assistants, too - will be required to learn what constitutes proper protocol.
"We want to make sure everyone is aware of the do's and don'ts,'' said Perillo, who lives in Everett and serves as Pop Warner's New England director.
The online tutorial warns against such things as driving other children home from practices, advising coaches to instead call police if a child's ride does not show and parents cannot be reached. Officials also plan to reemphasize the importance of touching athletes only in appropriate places, generally on the helmet for a football player, on the arm for a cheerleader.
"Don't do anything that could be misconstrued,'' Perillo said.
Welcome to coaching in 2012, a time when "risk management'' goes way beyond walking the field before a game to check for broken glass or holes. After fall's high-profile accusations - against Sandusky, an assistant football coach who was accused of sexually abusing 10 boys, and against Bernie Fine, an assistant basketball coach at Syracuse University fired amid allegations he molested two boys - a number of youth sports-related organizations are significantly strengthening existing child-protection efforts. Their goal: to prevent child abuse, and in some cases, to make sure that coaches do not inadvertently make themselves vulnerable to unfounded accusations.
Little League Baseball and Softball, which has almost 95,000 Massachusetts players, has e-mailed its volunteers worldwide to alert them that information about reporting suspected child abuse is available on the organization's website.
"This whole Sandusky situation has brought this to the forefront,'' said Steve Barr, Little League's director of media relations.
In January, Positive Coaching Alliance, a California-based nonprofit with a Boston chapter, drafted guidelines for leagues and coaches. One section informs readers that among child-abuse victims, 90 percent "are abused by someone whom they know and trust'' and reminds them that "statistics show most instances of child abuse go undetected.''
"We see this as a great teachable moment,'' said Jim Thompson, the group's founder.
Criminal background checks, such as the Criminal Offender Record Information system used by Massachusetts youth sports organizations, are important, Thompson said, "but they don't solve the problem. If you have a predator who hasn't been caught or charged, they won't show up. And often times with background checks from jurisdiction to jurisdiction you don't pick up something.''
While the Sandusky case has grabbed attention nationwide, those involved in youth sports say they are also motivated to refocus attention on child safety by local stories, and headlines that seem to keep coming: "Lawrence school worker gets 5 years on rape charge'' (Associated Press, Jan. 6, 2012); "Man sexually assaulted by ex-coach faces him in court'' (Lowell Sun, Feb. 9, 2011); "Former Coach Faces Child Porn Charges'' (Globe, Feb. 26, 2011).
Many organizations, of course, began increasing child-protection efforts long before the charges against Sandusky, amid growing societal awareness of sexual predators at schools, in religious organizations, and in sports. Next week, after a couple of years of work, the US Olympic Committee plans to unveil a safe-sport handbook, launch a safe-sport website, and introduce an online coaching certification program.
Tensions surrounding child sex abuse are running so high that, around the time Perillo was deciding to beef up coach training, Daniel Lebowitz, executive director of Northeastern University's Sport in Society Center, was fielding calls from coaches worried their own reputations might be stained by Sandusky. "Are people going to assume that because I'm a coach I'm doing this?'' they asked.
Indeed, a number of local coaches and a Sports Illustrated columnist who coaches a boys' junior varsity basketball team in California said the recent high-profile scandals prompted them to feel uncomfortable or to change their behavior.
"You do get nervous because someone can say something happened and it's really our word against theirs, and you are automatically guilty,'' said John Saia, of West Roxbury, a skating coach for the Boston Junior Bruins and a board member and coach for Parkway Youth Hockey. "It doesn't matter what the truth is. I try to make sure I don't get myself into a situation that could lead to any accusations.''
"You know how you used to pat kids on the butt and send them into the game?'' said Pat Inderwish, a veteran Pop Warner coach, and president of Central Massachusetts Pop Warner and Boylston/West Boylston Youth Football. "Some people see that as inappropriate contact now. Those are the things you've got to keep in your mind.''
Phil Taylor, the Sports Illustrated columnist who wrote about his new policy against driving kids home from evening practices, said he was worried that he would be criticized for over-reacting, but instead he largely received support.
"They said they had exactly the same feelings of being alone with a player in a way they'd never thought about before,'' he said in an interview with the Globe. "I also got a few responses from people who said, 'Get over it. As long as you're not a pervert, what do you have to worry about? Don't let the child molesters win.' But 90 percent of the responses were, 'What a shame this is, but I know exactly what you are talking about.' ''
James C. Schmutz, executive director of the American Sport Education Program, an Illinois firm that sells coach education to scholastic and youth sport coaches and organizations, estimates that 44 million children between ages 7 and 17 participate in organized sports in the United States, with about 8 million coaches.
"There is no good data on the percentage of coaches who are formally educated [about sexual child abuse], but it's not a big number,'' Schmutz said. "Without mandatory education, it's one of the challenges of running volunteer organizations and covering all scholastic coaches.''
The difficulty of educating volunteer coaches is part of the reason Mike Singleton, executive director of Massachusetts Youth Soccer - which has included risk-management education for all of its coaches for almost a decade - says parents should get to know their children's coaches.
"If you're a parent and you show up at Macy's and someone says, 'I'm the Macy's child care worker; just give your child to me,' people would think that was an absurd idea,'' Singleton said. "But as long as someone's in athletic gear and says, 'I'm a coach,' people drop their kid off and leave. That's absurd to me.''
Beth Teitell can be reached at bteitell@globe.com. Follow her on Twitter @bethteitell.


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Patricia Barbizet
I was born and raised in France and I am the CEO of Temaris & Associes.
I started my career with Renault in 1977 as International Treasurer having graduated from ESCP- Europe business school in 1976. I became CFO of Renault Crédit International in 1984 to 1989.
Following this I joined the Pinault Group as CFO and was appointed Deputy Director-General for Finance and Communication of Pinault-CFAO before becoming Managing Director of Groupe Artémis, the investment company of the Pinault group until 2018.
During my career I have been Chairwoman of Christie's International Ltd and served on various boards as an independent Director including Gucci, Yves Saint Laurent, PSA Peugeot-Citroen & Air France-KLM. I was appointed to lead the Investment Committee of the French government's Strategic Investment Fund from 2008 to 2013. In 2017, I was appointed chairwoman of the French High Committee on Corporate Governance (HCGE).
I am currently a board member of Total, Axa, and Lead Member of the board of Pernod Ricard and chairwoman of the board of the "Cité de la Musique – Philharmonie de Paris"
White Star Capital is a global multi-stage technology investment platform that invests in exceptional entrepreneurs building ambitious, international businesses. Operating out of New York, London, Paris, Montreal, Toronto, Tokyo, and Hong Kong, our presence, perspective, and people enable us to partner closely with our founders to help them scale internationally.
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Mississippi River's Gulf Outlet. Credit: US Army Corps of Engineers
Understanding Alternative Reasons For Denying Climate Change Could Help Bridge Divide
August 15, 2017 Eurasia Review 0 Comments
Mainstream criticism of people who deny climate change essentially portrays climate skeptics as being out of touch, ignorant or somehow incapable of understanding the facts about climate change.
However, an early look at ongoing work by a University of Kansas researcher examines alternative reasons for climate change denial, specifically economic, social or cultural influences on why individuals or entire communities remain skeptical of climate change.
"The most obvious example of this is the instance of an individual who works for an industry, such as in oil and gas production, that may be negatively impacted by regulatory policy," said Jacob Lipsman, a KU doctoral student in Sociology. "This also functions on the community level; for instance, in southeast Louisiana, oil and gas represents a disproportionate source of revenue for coastal parishes."
His project focuses on two Louisiana parishes adjacent to the mouth of the Mississippi River — Plaquemines and St. Bernard. Lipsman assessed perceptions of environmental risk among a vulnerable population in the region and the links between attitudes about climate change and local discursive and political processes surrounding coastal restoration issues in the region.
It is crucial to study these issues in Louisiana right now because the state has already lost over 1,800 square miles of land–an area the size of the state of Delaware– to coastal erosion.
"This land loss has major impacts on communities both directly in terms of increased flood vulnerability and indirectly through potentially decreased economic productivity," he said.
He will present findings of pilot research in the project on Tuesday, Aug. 15, at the American Sociological Association's 2017 annual meeting in Montreal. The project was funded on a grant from the National Science Foundation, and the KU Institute for Policy & Social Research provided assistance with the award submission and will help to manage the award.
So far in his research, Lipsman has found despite the higher than average rates of climate change denial in southeast Louisiana, parish residents have shown an environmental awareness that, on the surface, seems inconsistent with climate attitudes.
"Local residents are aware of coastal erosion and are focused on addressing this issue, whether or not they attribute this land loss to climate change," he said.
A major centerpiece of coastal policy is the Louisiana's Comprehensive Master Plan for a Sustainable Coast, a 50-year, $50 billion series of proposals designed to restore Louisiana's coast. The master plan includes a range of project types including sediment diversions, shoreline protection, hydrologic restoration, structural protection, non-structural protection, and others.
While residents may not be entirely focused climate change itself, the coastal master plan is a major focus in local politics, particularly since the legal settlement from the 2010 BP Deepwater Horizon oil spill has made major funding avenues available for the execution of the master plan.
The region is a prime place to study alternative reasons for climate change denial because southeast Louisiana communities rely so heavily on oil and gas, commercial fishing and maritime industry — all of which would be affected by environmental regulations — for revenue.
"We investigate whether this rather than an inability to understand basic science, is a contributor to climate skepticism in the region," Lipsman said.
This work could help those who advocate for climate change policies in how they engage with those who deny climate change based on economic or cultural factors, he said.
"If an individual or a community is resistant to the idea of climate change for economic or social reasons, climate advocates will not be able to effectively communicate with these individuals about climate change simply by presenting more data," Lipsman said. "By better understanding the processes of climate change denial, climate advocates will be better equipped to have an effective dialogue with individuals and communities that are skeptical of these ideas."
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