Josh also serves at the Director of Innovation and Economic Opportunity for the City of Birmingham. Josh completed his DPhil in Politics at the University of Oxford, Oriel College, in 2016 where his dissertation combined experiments with qualitative interviews to understand voter turnout among the uninsured in Alabama. Josh has consistently been motivated to research and understand questions of efficacy at the intersection of social policy and political engagement. While in Germany, Josh is working with Claudia Landwehr (University of Mainz) to study how economic opportunities shape efficacy.