His research interests include the cultural and intellectual history of early modern Europe. He has written about religion and religious tolerance in the Enlightenment, the history of secularization, and Jewish-Christian relations. His books include The Enlightenment Bible: Translation, Scholarship, Culture (Princeton University Press, 2005), which won the 2005 George L. Mosse Prize from the American Historical Association. He holds a B.A. from Brown University and a Ph.D. from the University of California at Berkeley.