Prior to entering academia in 1994, he was a senior legal officer at Malta's Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Since 2000 he has acted as a consultant on consumer and competition law to Malta's Ministry for Competitiveness and Communications. He has been a board member of the Malta Resources Authority, Malta's regulatory agency in the water, energy and mineral resources sectors since 2001 and was a member of Malta's Copyright Board from 1994 to 2005.