Goldstein displays the photograph on his website, www.goldsteinphoto.com, where the photograph appears with the watermark "© www.goldsteinphoto.com" centered at the bottom of the image. Compl. ¶ 15, ECF No. 1; Id. Ex. 2: Website Screenshot, ECF No. 1-2. Defendant Metropolitan Regional Information Systems, Inc. ("MRIS") operates an online real estate listing service that allows subscribers, mainly real estate brokers, to post listings for available properties for a fee. Subscribers agree to assign to MRIS the copyright in any photograph they upload to the database.