He received his Ph.D. in chemical engineering from KAIST, Republic of Korea, in August, 2004. He then joined the University of Texas at Austin, TX, USA, as a postdoctoral researcher in 2004 (under Prof. Allen J. Bard). From 2008 to 2014, he was an associate professor at Sungkyunkwan University, Republic of Korea. He is the author or co-author of 220 papers and 60 patents.