Previously, he had faculty appointments at the University of Hong Kong and Vlerick Business School in Belgium. He was also a research fellow in Strategy and International Management at Catholic University of Leuven, Belgium, a Research Associate in Strategy and Finance at INSEAD, France, and completed a PhD in Management at the Solvay Business School, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, Belgium. He has published in academic and practitioner journals, and in the business press, on topics of strategy and international business, and on competition in emerging markets. He has also advised start-ups in Europe and Asia.