She received her PhD in Talmud and Rabbinics from The Jewish Theological Seminary, and also holds an LLM in Jewish Law from Hebrew University. Dr. Gray has written on a number of topics, notably martyrdom in the Palestinian Talmud, the redactions of the Babylonian and Palestinian Talmuds, the relationship of halakhah and law, treatments of sexuality in the Babylonian Talmud and medieval halakhic works, liturgy, and the medieval halakhic texts concerning women as givers of tzedakah. She is the author of A Talmud in Exile: The Influence of Yerushalmi Avodah Zarah on the Formation of Bavli Avodah Zarah (Brown, 2005) and is currently working on a book about wealth and poverty in classical rabbinic literature.