He received his Ph.D. (2010) in criminal justice from Washington State University. He also holds a B.A. in statistics from Rutgers University and an M.S. in biometrics from the University of Colorado. His work has appeared in Criminology and Public Policy, Sexual Abuse, Journal of Offender Rehabilitation, and American Journal of Criminal Justice. His research interests include criminological theory, jail systems, prison health care delivery, correctional treatment programs, sex offending, and research methods. Prior to his academic career, he worked as a researcher in the Montana and Colorado state correctional systems and as a biostatistician in environmental science, public health, infectious disease, and cardiac research.