He graduated from Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 2009, with a Ph.D. thesis on nearest neighbor search in high-dimensional spaces. Following graduation, he was a postdoctoral researcher at the Center for Computational Intractability, hosted by Princeton, New York University and the Institute for Advanced Study. Andoni then joined Microsoft Research Silicon Valley, where he was a full-time researcher until 2014. Afterward, he was a visiting scientist at the Simons Institute for the Theory of Computing at the University of California, Berkeley, until joining Columbia in 2015.