Charles obtained his Ph.D, M.Sc, and B.Sc. with honours, all from University of Toronto. He has published extensively at premium conferences and journals such as PLDI, ICSE, FSE, ISSTA, OOPSLA, ECOOP, TOSEM, TSE, and TPDS. He has served on the organizational and technical committees of OOPSLA, ICSE, FSE, ISSTA, PLDI, Middleware, AOSD, APSEC, and currently an associate editor of IEEE TSE. His research received many awards including PLDI distinguished paper award, ACM SIGSOFT Doctoral Dissertation Award, and IBM PhD fellowships. Prior to his science endeavour, he spent a year in Beijing Normal University studying history. Before his graduate study, he worked as a software engineer at Motorola and a Silicon Valley startup.