He received his Ph.D. degree from the Department of Information Technology at the University of Queensland. He received his M.Sc. degree in Medical Library and Information Science from Iran University of Medical Sciences in 1999 and BSc. degree in Medical Library and Information Science at Kerman University of Medical Sciences in 1996. Email: s.asadi at shahed.ac.ir Mehdi Safari Iran He received his M.A. degree in Information Science from the University of Tehran in 2003 and B.A. degree in Library and Information Science from Shiraz University in 2000. His Research interests include metadata, knowledge organization and representation, search engines, ontology and conceptual modeling. Currently he is working in the Encyclopaedia Islamica Foundation.