Almeida completed his medical degree, psychiatric training and a Ph.D. focusing on neuroimaging in São Paulo, Brazil. In 2005, he joined the Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic (WPIC) at the University of Pittsburgh, where he initiated a productive neuroimaging research career. In 2013, he joined Brown University where he completed psychiatric residency training. In 2017, Almeida joined the Department of Psychiatry at Dell Medical School.