His research focuses on market structure and competition in deregulated infrastructure industries and the effect of infrastructure on the economy. His current projects study network neutrality and other types of â€œopen systemsâ€ regulation, and vertical dis-integration in several types of infrastructure industries. His Ph.D. is from the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania, and he was formerly a Member of Technical Staff at Bell Laboratories and a visiting scholar at Columbia Business School. In 2007 he was president of the Transportation and Public Utilities Group of the Allied Social Science Associations.