He received his Ph.D. in History from Bowling Green State University, in Bowling Green, Ohio. His dissertation, entitled “Richard Nixon and Europe: Confrontation and Cooperation, 1969-1974” examined key elements in relations between the United States and its traditional postwar European allies, including Great Britain, France, and Germany. This multi-archival, multi-lingual research was based on the Nixon tapes, as well as sixteen government and historical archives in Belgium, France, Germany, Italy, the United Kingdom, and the United States. He teaches courses in the field of America and the World, including Diplomatic history and selected courses on the history of Asia.