Her work has been published in a variety of international journals, including International Studies Review, Contemporary Security Policy, Comparative Political Studies, Pacific Focus, and the Nonproliferation Review. Rublee has received grants from the United States Institute of Peace, the Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs, the ISA, the Asia New Zealand Foundation, and the Japan Foundation. Her book, Nonproliferation Norms: Why States Choose Nuclear Restraint, received the Alexander George Book Award for best book in political psychology.