He taught at the University of Warwick, Centre for Economic Research and Graduate Education in Prague, and the London School of Economics. He also held a position at the Jagiellonian University in Krakow, and is a Research Associate of CAGE, University of Warwick. His research interests include long-run economic growth; divergence of living standards between Western and Eastern Europe; the second serfdom in Eastern Europe; economic geography; agglomeration economics; long-run comparative labour productivity of European countries; and historical national accounts. He has published in the Economic History Review, Explorations in Economic History, the Journal of Economic Geography, Scandinavian Economic History Review, and Research in Economic History.