He received his PhD from the Department of Economics, University of Heidelberg, Germany, and was a Researcher at the Centre for European Economic Research (ZEW), Mannheim, Germany. His research includes theoretical and applied work on issues in public and environmental economics. Recently, he conducted studies on international environmental agreements, on emissions trading systems, and on policy decisions under risk and uncertainty. His current research comprises work on climate policy and on the voluntary provision of public goods ‑ all combining theoretical and experimental studies.