He received his PhD from the University of California, Irvine, Department of Criminology, Law and Society. His research interests include race and class disparities in the criminal justice system, grassroots organizing for criminal justice reform, and critical investigations of risk assessment instruments and the risk factor paradigm. His work has appeared in various journals including Theoretical Criminology, British Journal of Criminology, Punishment & Society, Social Justice, Youth Justice, and the International Journal for Crime, Justice and Social Democracy. He is currently finishing a book project, with Randolph R. Myers, entitled Youth, Community, and the Struggle for Social Justice (to be published by Routledge in 2017).