He received his PhD in philosophy from New York University and his MD from UCSF. Alongside his training in behavioral neurology at UCSF, he has undertaken postdoctoral research training in cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging at UC Berkeley. He serves as a member of the Neuroethics Division of the National Institutes of Health BRAIN (Brain Research through Advancing Innovative Neurotechnologies) Multi-Council Working Group and the American Academy of Neurology's Ethics, Law and Humanities Committee.