He is M.A. in Religious Studies, Sociology and Punjabi. He received Ph.D degree from Department of Sociology & Social anthropology, Punjabi University, Patiala on “Modernization and Sikhs: a sociological study. He is the author of five books and supervised two dozen M. Phil and Ph. D scholars. Study of religion, especially Sikh Studies, is his area of study. Presently he is also editor of The Journal of Religious Studies.