He graduated from the University of Birmingham in 2001 and undertook specialist surgical training throughout the South West in general and upper GI surgery. Sam was awarded a PhD in cancer biology from the University of Birmingham and his doctoral research was supported by the highly competitive Cancer Research UK Clinical Fellowship. Sam has also undertaken Fellowships in Sarcoma Surgery at the Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori in Milan and as the Royal College of Surgeons Sarcoma Fellow in Birmingham.