He holds a Ph.D in Criminology from the University Delaware in Newark, Delaware. His interests focus on: the cultural and structural dynamics of crime and crime-control; how institutions create and perpetuate inequalities; building a theoretical foundation for criminal justice theory; and how individuals are disciplined and punished. Among other work, he is currently working on a series of articles and a book manuscript examining the intersections of discipline and punishment, cultural dispositions, and inequality. John is the co-author of Theorizing Criminal Justice: Eight Essential Orientations and his work is published in a number of journals, including the British Journal of Criminology, Theoretical Criminology, Punishment and Society, Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency, Justice Quarterly, and the Journal of Criminal Justice.