He has published several articles on Spanish historiography and diplomatic history, including most recently, "Cánovas and the Decline of Spain" (Mediterranean Historical Review, 7, June 1992). At present, he is working on a manuscript on Manuel González Prada and the origins of Peruvian radicalism and recently taught at the Catholic University of Peru as a senior Fulbright scholar. His essay in this volume is part of a longer ongoing study on the writing of history in Spain during the nineteenth and twentieth centuries.