Originally from San Juan, Puerto Rico, Jaramillo came to Stanford University to pursue his B.S. in Chemical Engineering. Jaramillo then continued his education at the University of California at Santa Barbara, earning his M.S. and Ph.D. in Chemical Engineering. Jaramillo then conducted post-doctoral research at the Technical University of Denmark in the Department of Physics, as a Hans Christian Ørsted Post-doctoral Fellow. Jaramillo returned to Stanford in Fall 2007 to start his independent research career, where he has won a number of awards for his research efforts, including the National Science Foundation (NSF) CAREER Award (2011), Mohr-Davidow Ventures MDV Innovator Award (2009), the Hellman Faculty Scholar Award (2009), and the NSF BRIGE Award.