Prior, he was a senior research scientist at the Intelligent Robot and Systems Group, Institute for Systems and Robotics, Instituto Superior Técnico, Lisbon, Portugal. His research interest is in planning under uncertainty for multiagent and multi-robot systems, in particular, the development of theory and solution methods for decentralized partially observable Markov decision process (Dec-POMDPs). He has applied approximate POMDP planning techniques to robotic applications, such as Network Robot Systems. His group demonstrated successful POMDP-based cooperation between surveillance cameras and mobile robots. Dr. Spaan received his PhD degree in Computer Science (2006) and an MSc degree in Artificial Intelligence (2002), both from the University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands.