1 


TO THE 


"> 


LANDED GENTLEMEN" 
Ons | 
„C 
. or | 
LINCOLNSHIRE: 

In which are pointed out the principal Cauſes 
of the preſent Redundancy of Wool, and 
the Exportation of it, proved to be impolitic 


and dangerous; together, with the Propoſal 
of a more ſafe and certain Remedy, 


Occaſioned by, and interſperſed with Obſervations 


upon, Sir John Dalrymple's Queſtion on that 
Subject, ä 


By a FRIEND and NEIGHBOUR, 


a” 


This is a Subject which will deſerve the Conſideration 
of every landed and every commercial Man in the - 
Kingdom; of the meaneſt Beggar, as well as the King 
and his Parliament. 


Sir J. DatRYMPLE, p. 25+ 


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HAVE juſt read, Gentlemen; with 
great care and attention, and I hope 


it will appear with great diſintereſtedneſs 


and impartiality, Sir John Dalrymple's 


Treatiſe on the Queſtion concerning the 


Exportation of Wool; and it gives me 
great concern, as it muſt do every man of 


feeling, to find himſelf obliged to differ 


from a writer of ſo diſtinguiſhed a cha- 


_ Tacter, eſpecially on a ſubject of ſuch 
importance to the COmmunilys N 


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Bor Auer it 18 not improbable that 
Hitervſſed: men may take tie opportunity 


of ſo great a name eſpouſing their cauſe, 
to hang out falſe colours, and triumph 
over perſons on the other fide of the 


queſtion; I have ventured to offer a few 
thoughts in reply to Sir John's pamphlet; 
how far they may be deemed an anſwer 
to his queſtion, is ſubmitted to the di- 


ſcernment, and determination oF the can- 


did, and inpartial publick. 


Tan ſorry 1 cannot, conſiſtently, Ac- 


company Sir John in the ſame order in 


which he has thought proper to arrange 


his thoughts; but muſt take the liberty 
to make my firſt obſervation on that pa- 
ragraph, page the 8th, where we ſhall 
find one of his moſt important facts: he 


there ſays, In ancient times, the wool 


of England was in as great eſtimation at 
1h org markets as the wool of mon. 


Six John FER not ſom qual happy 


in the reaſon he there N why it % 


not ſo at preſent. ] 
15 


4 


Ir is 18 Aa pity ſo great a man ih not 


an opportunity, before he publiſhed his 


opinion upon this ſubject, of knowing, 


That the great increaſe made by the Lin- 


colnſhire gentlemen. (even within theſe 
thirty years) in the length and weight of 
their fleeces, is not a proof that it is of a 


better quality, or that it is an improve- 
ment in the growth of wool; but that on 
the contrary, it ſuggeſts a good reaſon to 
thoſe who know the fact, why it does 


not now bear an equal eſtimation (as it 


formerly did) with the Spaniſh wool, for 


in proportion to its increaſe in length 


and coarſeneſs, it differs from the quality 


of the wool of ad 


Ir muſt be left to a perſon of Sir 


John' s ſuperior abilities, to reconcile this 


with what he allows, nay, advances in the 


ſame page, where he aſſerts, that the 
Spaniards have improved their wool by 
growing it finer; whereas he had imme- 


diately before taken it for granted (as he 


does too many of his poſitive aſſertions) 


that traders of Lincolnſhire have 


A 2 i been 


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been improving their's, by increaſing the 


length and weight of their fleeces; though 


it ſhould ſeem by their preſent alarm, 
that they have not been able to convince 


the manufacturers of any one country, 
that it is in reality an improvement. 80 
far is this from being the caſe, that 1 
have the authority of the moſt ſenſible 
and experienced merchants, of the great- 
eſt manufacturing county in the king 
dom, to ſay, that there is not at this time 

a market upon earth, where, what Sir 
John calls the improved. wool of Lin- 


colnſhire, is A defirable, or is deemed a 


uſeful commodity; and that this is not 


ſo much to be accounted for, by any al- 
teration made, either in the home con- 


ſumption, or in the foreign demands for 
thoſe goods which are made of ſtrong 


wool, as to the great increaſe which has 
been made to the coarſeneſs of it within 


theſe V years. 


Six John takes upon him to 155 page 
5, © The redundancy of wool is at pre- 


ſent ſo great in Britain, that it is ſunk 


in 


"F FT 

in many places 50, and in very few 
places leſs than 30 per cent.” He would 
have evinced the impartiality of his in- 
quiries into this important affair much 
more, if he had added, that in ſome 
places it is not ſunk at all, and in others 
greatly advanced. I muſt in this place 
take the liberty to remind Sir John Dal- 
rymple, for he cannot be ſuppoſed igno- 
rant of it, that it is not owing to any 
particular ſituation, that the ſinking in 
the price of wool, is in ſome places 50, 
while in others it is only 30 per cent. nay, 
while in others it is greatly advanced, and 
in ſome more than doubled: but that 
this is in the proportion, which its qua- 
lity now bears to that of ancient times, 
when the wool of England was in as 
great eſtimation at European markets, 
as the wool of Spain, 


Ir. alſo ſeems neceſſary to inform Sir 
John (you Gentlemen muſt know it) that 
the fineſt wool, which our manufacturers 
now ſubſtitute in the ſtead of Spaniſh 
wool, is at this time more than double 
AZ what 


. what the PI ice at it Was s three yours 80 
or informer mes. OY 


Is. chen ſome wools. ge, fins. 50, 
"Bika 30 per cent. while: others have been 
greatly advancing; and if it is a notori | 
ous fact, that the ſmalleſt and fineſt have 
ſank leaſt, and fo in proportion; does it 
not from hence follow, that one is more 
deſirable than the other as home? and can 
any advocate for exportation, give a rea- 
ſon why it ſhould not be equally deſirable 
to foreigners, who could only buy it, to 
carry it, when manufactured, to the ſame 
markets as ounfelresk 


The Lincolnſnire Drehe will, dogs 
excuſe me, if I venture to ſay, that it is 
a: ſerious and melancholy truth, which 
they ſeem to acknowledge and feel the 
weight of; that the wool which they have 
endeavoured to-zmprove, by increaſing the 
weight of the fleeces, is the woo] which 

at this time chiefly: lies on their hands, 
and has actually ſunk in price 20 per cent. 
Mrs: en any then wool; in the = 
om. 


: 1 
dom. Grant but then an exportation, 
and that wool will be bought up to be 


ſent abroad, which is moſt uſeful, both 


at home and at foreign markets; and ts 
it * 18 the, Barats. | 


'Lar x us 1 0 1 ths Iam countenanced- | 
and. encouraged in this argument by 
ſome of Sir John Dalrymple's on aſſer- 

tions. With regard to Spain, our an- 

cient rival at European markets, and who 

would be ſo once more, in caſe of expor- 

tation, he ſays, page 7, But the fact 
is, that as the king of Spain has a duty 

of near 18d. a pound upon wool export- 
ed, none but the very fineſt is ſent abroad, 
often not more than a ſmall part of the 
very fineſt of the fleece. In the next 
page he ſays, A tax upon the exporta- 
tion of Engliſh wool, will, in one reſpect, 
operate exactly in the ſame manner, that 

a tax upon the exportation of wool from 
Spain, has operated; for, in order to eſ- 
cape the weight of the tax, the merchants 

will export any the fine/t kinds of wool, 
and the wool-growers knowing this, will 

YE 1 vie 


LET! 


vie with each __ who wall ll grove the 
fineſt”! {+ ee 747 5 % 


It HAVE ſaid, and it is an inccantefted 
fact, that the fineſt wool in this king- 
dom, bears at this time the greateſt price, 
and that the price is in proportion to its 
fineneſs; which naturally leads us to try by 
Sir John's criterion propoſition rv, p. 3, 
whether it is not, likewiſe, the ſcarceſt. 
He there fa ys, * When there is a redun- 
dancy, the price will be low; when there 
is not, it will be high.“ By the kind aſ- 
ſiſtance of Sir John Dalrymple, we are 
therefore advanced thus far in the argu- 
ment, that ſmall fine wool is at this time 
very dear at home, conſequently very 
ſcarce; and that his Barometer will eaſily 
and infallibly ſhew, that it ſhould not, at 
* time, be loved to be exported. 


To chis it may, perhaps, be replied, 
5 That care may and will be taken by a 

proper clauſe in the act, to prevent the 
exportation of ſuch wool as is moſt uſe- 
| ful at dan that i is, * fineſt wool, or 
5 | 5 the 


the fineſt part of the fineſt fleeces, eſpe- 
eially when it appears as it does, 


be the deareſt and ſcarceſt. Is it neceſ- 
2. after what has been ſaid, to aſk 


cate for the exportation of. wool, cer- 


demand at foreign markets for coarſe 5 
wool, in which our preſent redundancy 


In ſhort, is there a foreign demand for 
any kind of wool, unleſs ! it be the fineſt? 


will ſtand forth and ſay, it is poſſible to 
form ſuch a clauſe as will not be liable 


to attend conſtantly, and diligently in- 
ſpect while every calk is made up which 


K „ 11 


by Sir John Dalrymple's Barometer, to 


Sir John, whether he, or any other adyo- 


tainly knows that there is now a greater 
chiefly if not folely conſiſts, than at home? 


which it appears is dear, conſequently 
ſcarce, and therefore /z eful, if not neceſ- 
ſary, at home: beſides, is there a lawyer, 
or any other member of parliament, that 


to be evaded every hour, unleſs there are 
proper perſons appointed by ee ge 


will be allowed to be exported? not to 
ſay how difficult it would be to procure 
ſuch a number of per! ſons of known in- 


te grity, 


˙ʒtf ig: - * 

5 tegrity, PET? properly ſkilled in this buſt- 
ness. What; maſt. become of theſe men 

when the exportation ** 75. foppæd 
4 mument? and when theſe officers: fala- 
_ ries/are paid, (as it would be found neceſ 


ſary to have one in almoſt every t towns) 
I-would-aſk, Where will be Sir; John's 


in 


aſted revenue? Here it will, naturally | 


4 — that it is one of the firſt princi- 
ples of a good financier to recommend 


fuch. matt 9s pen be A AW ak Wo oy 


| nets fi: n 940 


Sun: 4:19 TH 


Fug ee * e os Sie Jeb 


| 3 Eſhall take the liberty. to obſerve 
upon, is in page the gth, where he ſays, 
„ Prchibiting the Exportation ſinks the 
10 price of wool, and cauſes a demand from 
foreign markets. Had he ſaid, it has a 


tendency to enable the Britiſh. to afford 


their manufactures. cheaper at foreign 
markets than their rival nations, he 
would have been much nearer the truth, 

and would: have n 0 a dene 0e- 


Falte. A 


I $HQULD 


WF TT. «+ 

I snovrp be glad to engage your at- 
| tention. to this further conſideration, Viz, 
If wool is to be exponted under the 
ſanction of an act of parliament, I pre» 
ſume it muſt be done one of theſe. two 
ways: it might be done by a tempo- 
rary act, to be renewed on any emer- 
gency: but as a ſudden alteration in 
the redundancy or ſearcity of wool, or 
certain proſpect of ſuch an alteration 
may poſſibly happen, by a general rot, 
and other concurring circumſtances, im- 
mediately after the prorogation of. par- 
hament; a very conſiderable, quantity of 
wool, perhaps the greateſt; part of the 
_ fineſt wool i in the nation „ 
up and exported, to the great diſap- 
pointment and irreparable loſs of the 
community, before parliament can poſj- 
ſibly aſſemble to guard againſt this evil; 
it is therefore moſt probable, that it will . 
be propoſed to lodge a, diſcretionary 
15 in thei King and his Council, as 

as been ſometimes done with reſpect 


| to corn, to allow. or Pare an ex- 
Portation. | 


116 


„ . 
„ [ 12 1 


Tus ſeems to be Sir John' 8 plan, be- 
cauſe he ſays, page 14th, © The price of 


Wool will not be raiſed upon the manu- 


facturer beyond a juſt medium; becauſe 


the moment it riſes above that medium, 
the exportation by law, which is pro- 


poſed to be permitted only while the 


price is low, will be ſtopped.“ But as 
an exportation is to raiſe a revenue, it 
is not impoſſible that ſuch a ſet of men 


may be in power as may be tempted to 


ſuffer that conſideration to have ſo 


much influence on their deliberations, 


_ greatly to bias their judgements; and 
| how far it will be looked upon conſiſtent 


with the Britiſh Conſtitution, to put it 


in the power of any miniſter to raiſe a 
kevenue by proclamation, muſt be left to 
pPerſons of quicker apprehenſions and 
better judgements than mine to deter- 

mine; but I will take upon me to ſay, 
that ſuch a propoſal would have cauſed 
forme jog our ee to ſhudder. 


x woULD- Fürther aer that if th 
exportation 18 once — it may 
z19 1 8 facilitate 


13 * 


facilitate the 1 of wool when i it 
is prohibited and moſt wanted at home, 
not only by taking from men's minds a 
ſenſe of the heinouſneſs of the crime, by 
its being ſometimes allowed and eſta- 
bliſhed by law, but alſo by putting 
things into a regular method and train 
for procuring the wool, and carrying it 
to foreign countries; and may it not alſo 
be preſumed, that when our neighbours, 
perhaps our enemies, have, by means of | 
our raw materials, diverted our trade 
into their own channel, and thereby in- 
creaſed the demand for their manufactu- 
ries, from even our preſent cuſtomers, 
and have fixed with them a regular trade 
and correſpondence, that we ſhall find it 
difficult, if not impoſſible, to regain 
thoſe cuſtomers when we pleaſe? eſpe- 
cially as thoſe they would then be con- 
nected with, and ſupplyed by, can ma- 
nufacture them cheaper than ourſelves. 
If this is the caſe, an exportation once 
permitted muſt be continued, for the 
ſame reaſon it was firſt granted; viz. a 
redundancy 1 in the wool of Britain. What 
3H the 


N bs 4} 

the Wileſt man laid of contention is ap. 
: plicable to many other affairs in life, and 
may juſtly be adopted here; The begin- 


ning of frrife is as when one Kees out 
water: therefore leave off” contention, before 


; ir.be meddled with. 


| 1 MUST. 8 treſpaly. upon "your pa- 
tience; Gentlemen, while 1 inform you, 
that ſuffering. the exportation of raw 
wool will not, in reality, add to the 
number of markets for the woollen ma- 
nufactures, but only enable other na- 
tions, by employing their inhabitants; 
perhaps our own preſent manufacturers, 
to go to our preſent markets with our 
own commodities. | 


Sr John alerts, page 12th, in time 
of war it ſhould be the object of a nation 
to export her leſs bulky commodities, 
for very good reaſons, which he there 
aſſigns: taking this therefore for granted, 
ought we not to export our manufactu- 
ries, which are, at leaſt, upon an average 
equal 


„ 


equal to ten tinte the Tale; and in as 
little RO as s the: raw b 


TY may not, ern be dug im- 
pertinent to aſk, whether you ever attend 
ed to this, which is a weighty conſidera- 
tion, That the manufacturers of a coun- 
try, perhaps the moſt expert, are apt, 
nay, may poſſibly be obliged, for want 
of employ, to follow the raw materials, 
and carry with them a knowledge of | 
thoſe important improvements which 

have been made in the woollen manu- 
factures in Britain, eſpecially thoſe uſeful 
and 1 ingenious machines by which many 
men's work may be performed by a few 
children? Increafing the revenue, there- 
fore, by decreaſing the number of inha- 
bitants, does not ſeem to be a ſcheme 


' worthy of Sir John Dalrymple, or the 
0 Lincolnſhire gentlemen. | 


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Ir greatly adds to my happineſs, yl I 
hope it will do to my readers ſatisfaction, 
in this argument, to find it confirmed 
1 the reaſoning of Sir John himſelf, in 


pages 


* 


ges 20 and 26, wie he. aſſerts, that 
Nhat Spaniſh provinces, il e, Catalon Ha 
Ru Valencia, where, the Epe of | 
the, raw materials is leaſt encoiltaged, 
they have more induſtry, and Wealth. 
and more population than, perhaps, all 
the reſt of the FORE meter a 125 


togeth ber. 


E kacke which Sir 1 00d Sik 

from Lord Burleigh, Mr. Smith; Dr. 
King, Dr. Davenant, and others, of the 
laſt and preſent century, may. ſerve to 
ſhew his great erudition, which is already 
too well known. and eſtabliſhed to want 
ſuch feeble aid, but cannot with ſafety 
be implicitly followed by us till we have 
ved to ſee exactly the ſame ſtate of 
| things return; which period ſeems at 
preſent t to be at no > ſmall diſtance. 


nba i 


Tis arguments, theieforg: eh 
are grounded upon what happened in 
other countries, or in ancient times, 
may ſe "fer rve.to amuſe, but cannot inſtruct; 
ange thoſe who are ed 5 them 105 in 

82 1377 * "a 


7 4 A 
*114 


17 ; 


L . 


3 


MS ability, find themſelves. wnetch- 
edly miſtaken. One rock, which Sir J. 
Dalrymple, and other very ſenſible and 


worthy, writers have ſtruck againſt, if 
not. ſplit upon, 1 that proyiſions being | 


cheap, gives an adyantage! to a nation that 
depends upon its manufactures; whereas 


ah, very reyerſe ; is the fact, and acts are 


& 4:4 © þ te 


overthrow or ſhake them. 


1 © 1 


Ws, is likewiſe x one of; thoſe facts, 


which perſons who have been engaged in 
any conſiderable manufactory know to 


their great eee and loſs, 


7. 
; ay 4 
911 {93 45 


„% 


As this, however, f is not 4 commonly 


received opinion by thoſe who have pub- 

liſhed on this, ſubject, it, may ink 
ſome explanation and proof. 

N90 1. {Ct 

We advocates for. each fide of this 

queſtion are agreed, that any manufacs 


turing. country (raw. materials,: being 


Equal) which can have the fi quan- 
B tity 


ted 10% 10 VM: - 


rangues 2 and well 8 periods that will 


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W 3: 
: N 
* 
- : 
N 111 
A , if 
l 4 
1 1 * 
f 5 
1 
p 4 
1 % 
. ii 
; = 
10 = 
k =" 
. 1 
5 4 by 
* . 
R i 
: ' 
bn. * = 
: : q! im 
l ; 1 
þ Y | = 
| h ' 
pe : 1 A 
- == 
* HF 
- 0 1 
= 3 
7 j A 
1 
| T ; 
- = 
8 p . 
* 1 1 
6 
7 . al 
0 * 1 * 
1 4 
1 5 
: * 
; 1 we” 
- "mY 5 
j , 18 
. + 4 
* 

1 2 ug 
1 
| 4 \ ; 
« * 

Sigh 


| . 4 1 
tity of work 18 finiſhed at the leaſt 
8 N een ke, 

ob zi 1 ON 0 ic 

e bx perience,, W ich is an. uner 

: guide, ers Us, that there f is not one 

; Manch teuer in twenty, eſpecially in 

large populous trading towns, that will 
do more work in a week than will main- 

tain himſelf and family; and if he can pur- 
chaß = 1 1 19 98 as. to main- 


1 15 c, n to "hs gl 
tion, one-third” of the manufacturer's 8 
labour! is loſt to the community; conſe- 
quently one-third of our raw materials, 
when there is a redundancy, (and this 
alone will both cauſe and increaſe. one,) 
mut lie on hand, let the demand for 
our' manufactures be ever ſo great and 
Urgent. Add to this, that in ſuch a 
— uation the merchant, that he, may be 
able 0 execute his orders, by way of en- 
ticiny his neighbour” s workmen, thinks it 
&pedicnt to advance wages; his.neigh- 
| bout in his own defence does. rhe ſame, 


N15 ws 7.025 a 


Lact : ef Pe Fenn which 


— 


* 
— | 
at 5 


* 


* . 3 
l Silt 36 befſtith v * 
73 WS . we 4 23 & * 


which Way cher in the err 0 
workman to raiſe his demand yet higher, 
and to maintain his family Hin fill leſs 


labour, which increaſes "the evil, and 
m ad bad Tak.” A | F 


, u 18 1 8 
. * X 4 , 
. {NV 


1 m At Tuns advanced « on 152 
ſubject, will appear to every candid, 3 im- 
partial reader to be grounded on facts 
and experience, and to proceed from. juſt | 
and clear reaſoning, and from a deſire to 
point out and encourage what appears. 
to be a real i improvement, and the true 
—_— of the public. 


* 
* 0 A 
1 * 5 - S TT 
i V7 * 
- . 
a» - 


nder whe have Teal thus far wah 
care and caution, and a candid diſinter- 
eſted impartiality, will, 1 flatter myſelf, 
be convinced of the truth and impor-, 
tante of what I have offered to their con- 
ſideration, and will be ready to antici- 
pate me, in the following coneluſion; 
which will at the ſame time point out 
the principal cauſe, and the probable 
cure of the preſent LEN Jo gre 


£291 Tak; 


Ss © 0 N- 


1.01 
GO Io Y1 07 11340vs3bnas g. 
7 $ 14 * . nein 419. 
vii Tie! t 
0.0 N 0 I, vs! 10 x 
yd Do 11655 F< 5 * 12 10 Ne 


3 one 1 cauſe of the pre- 
ſent redundancy, which. chiefly. "conſiſt 
in the long wool, is the great increaſe 
made by the Lincolnſhire breeders, and 
others, in the coarſeneſs of their fleeces, 
even within theſe thirty years; and as this 
has; I hope, clearly appeared, they need 
not be told that ſo far as this is the 
E of the evil, the remedy i is to alter 
their mode of breeding, from what it has 
been for thirty years paſt, and for the 
future grow their wool as near in quality 
as their intereſt, prudence, and other 
eircumſtances will admit, to that which 
was produced in ancient times, when the 
wool of England was in as much eſtima- 
bannt eee Nen as 1 wook of 


\ e „ 


1198 10 HA 
Would 5 18 PE re IR as 1 
yon. Gentlemen, to fly from one extreme 
to the other, which would be a work of 
Sreat envenieneg and expence; all that 
2 I éwiſh 


a. 


1 a} 

Lwifh, to ates, that as you have 
been endeavouring to grow your wool. 
coarſer a ar d heavier, for the laſt thirty 
years, you would now make it your 
ſtudy. to grow it finer, till you find by 
the demand for it at market, that it is a 
deſirable commodity; and till the price 
compared with the weight of the fleece, 

&c, renders it, upon the whole, the moſt 
eligible and advantageous to yourſelves. 
This alteration is equally expedient and 
neceſlary,;, whether a power to export be 


denied, or granted, as the preſent coarſe. | 


wool, of Lincolnſhire 18 unſaleable | both 
at home and abroad. 


11 


p Iris alſo Kibepten to ie Lincelnſnire 


breeders, whether it would not be practi- 


0 cable to grow ſuch kind of fleece,” by 


rocuring ſuitable croſſes, as will be near 


a pPreſent weight, and at the ſame time 
E. a ſmaller hair; i. e. whether it is poſ- 
ſible to improve the fleece, not by in- 
creaſing, the thickneſs or ſtrength. of each 
5 reſpective hair, but by increaſing their 


8 bar . finenchs 0 on n the ame ] 


ot] s La | | 
* B ; 3 Meru 


F 
'4 5 0 TR 1 
h — - 9 . - : 
5 ; : 
. — n 2 
„r — — S — 2 . . 


Wu 
% 
Ls 
. — . 
8 ; 

2 3 

1 C - = 4 N — 

, Y IVE? * 

ey 4 o W 7 - 

a by _ ; . 
* 0 4 Ys . — 
. ² ³ A eR —— rr fe IIs —— — ee EFRON IErISTS Ont on DIS; . m_ — 
* K 8 8 I 9 7 N 1 - — WS —— - — __ Wo” wm * — 2 
* 2 4 9 0 3 een © R , I 2 * wy . N 5 N 88 4 =_ my _ 8 — — * > 2 
* 2 — 2 d _- ** T — 1 3 2 l = = _ s 
7 x SRI - 8 x — 2 — 25 — 3 EWA erer. * 5 TD n — I” r — 2 2 3 Mo - * \ — 
* — 8 — 3 * I - = — eb yy 4 1 . A 3 * 2 xp: 7 n 4 > a ood HO ER \ Dn SS — gee \ — 
1 3 r oy > - <4 _ a> 2 2 n 54+ 4 * 4 " _ OC — - + = ne" IF * — 
_ —— . „ - 2K eas \ _—— Fer VPs..c 
= - bs > ba o 


* 
. %K — 


: % | 
> N * — 8 
©, 2 "> = l V N 1 . r — 
— 92 2 bitten bs — — 
— © \,. 
4 n 
2 * . 
2 * = 3 . t= - 


— 


r I 
P 8 


1 2 1 


AkorhrR vakls v Which has not a little 
cdatfihiltet to the fame end thatds,> 4 
recdundancy in the wool of Britaitr ig the 
excercling lou price which proviſions: have c 
been at for ſeveral years paſt. This Has 
been the reaſon why: our manufacturers 
have! not worked ſo much as they are ; 
obligetl: to do in more ſcarce and de r 
times; the conſequence of which is, that 1 
a proportionable part of our raw mate 
rials lie unworked upon the growers 
hands: the ane ne evi ler there 
fore; are: y StA 

To pay Arie a attention 0 o the breed 
of your-ſtheep: Hos 2591919 738 vas. 
Joo give e let to as 

invention and uſe of thoſe machines, by 
which one man or peed . do the | 
work/ of ſeveral: god THE trnd yd: 

To advance the price of provifios (by 
oranting an exportation of bread- corn, 
Kc.) ſo high as to oblige the manu- 
facturer to work ſix inſtead of four days 
in the weck, and enable the induſtrious 0 
farmer to maintain his family 

And to take more effectual Mess 55 
in thoſe counties, now! 3 appro ri- 

* 2 ated 


\ 


S * 


E 


Bits FS Ort 28 18 25 * Aron A 
ated tomgriculture, for employing ſuch of 
their ppor as are able, and would be willing 


to Work, if proper employment was pro- 
vided for them: for inſtance, men Who are 
by age or accident, incapable of very la- 
boxious exerciſe, women not engaged by a 
young 3 and children from eight to 
fourteen years of age; theſe are now 
maintained in idleneſs, by their reſpective 
pariſhes, and a heavy burden indeed they 
are, to the honeſt induſtrious cottager and 
houſekeeper, many of whom are much more 
ohjects of charity than thoſe poor whom 
they at preſent contribute to ſupport in 
idleneſs, and conſequently in diſorder 
and debauchery. Now might not this 
be, done, either on Mr. Gilbert's plan, 
or by having ſeveral houſes of induſtry 
in y every county, engaging one proper 
erſon to look after the poor of ſeveral 
iſhes, where they have no workhouſees 
to empioy them. God forbid that any 
perſon (even the moſt ſuperficial ob- 
ſerver) ſhould conclude from what 1 
havs: here;propoſed, it is my wiſh to ty. 
ranniſe 0 Ser, or oppreſs the poor; fo far 
DIE B 4 is 


24 : 
1 that from belag 6 ſe . it al- 
hals dien und wer alt be, my 
— happineſs to promote "their! e 
Intereſt) and to procure chen (as much 
a tuation Will admit ef) © chm 
_cothfortable maintenance. But Tam tob 
well read in tlie Hiftöry of man; tc give 
that to the idle and infamous petitioner” 
at my door; Whiehl is due to the Hofleſt 
And edüftrious family, ho, are by gc" 
Ugenee and a opficaron; ſupporting them”. 
ſelves; and rue ene es on 
SO PO ROSS DT OO Nm n Soi 
I Herr, Gentlemen, you will exctiſe | 
this digteſſion, and jbin Witt me in wiſh. 
ing that theſe ſchemes may be put into 
inmediath execution; ſince ſo many A we 
workthen' are at this time engage in o 
e Armies i It pow} vr 
ö Nd 96 22 Dan rn ne ene 

"Iam aware of, and, Apes erte 
to anſwer the B 0 


| JOht: 1 * 2 14 1 N 13 E : 10 3 5 17 7 * OF Ara 1 
onal rjatitiat: 1110 br i any 1600 8 


51 LE otiors 4 Abh. ir 14 dg Att 1 


i, wes 457 25 1 (bn on. © 


„ an 


Oh, p dae cab Ne ta Q 


1 00 28 ic noy wan 
. ee 4 8 l tem, 


7 501 4 57 11457 g ä N 8 J. AU 
Ts ſets 4 to be t the opinion of, Sir 
leg Dalrymple; for he ſays, page 18, 
The wools of France, are as Vatlong as 
the foils and climates of | their. Provinces,” 
I would not detain you, Gentlemen, wh 
Me re- ſerjous, reflections, by a aſking whe- 
ther; the breeders in Liner ; 
p00 their, Wool, Tinh, th ſe; thir "< 
Years: paſt, by altering the oil = cli 
mate? but would proceed to obſerve, that 
it is to be greatly lamented, that ge tle- 
- men do not condeſcend to try, by proper 


experiments , whether this, 3 18 4 truth, be- 


78 


4 wb #4 


cal junctu re. However, as they will n Not. 
be "at this Ex ex} Mence and tro able themſelves, 
heir indulge eh. re. 


4 
I mult beg 
Hed long fi 
late the follo ing act, 
5 L +. * FED, 1 : 7 " ol © © PE% 4 
4 VIE DALY  $S>o d gas 


#' \ - 
+3IT Y f 4 


"Eh Y produce it as one, at. this 7 


* A 8 
5 * 
To 


+. _ 


o 
t 
1 1 , 
: $ * 
: ll 7.50 
1 yr. 
4 Z 
3 
* 
7 
p * 
25 
; 
4 4 
* 
: * 
? N 
15 
4 
fl 
D "7 
? 4 
* 
1 
; . F 
4 
£ 
> KB 1 
g 
i 
"= 
+ 
” * 
IP ” 
9 1 - 9 g 
3 ö 
* 
f "= 
| * 
11 v 
2 
« Lo 
1 
4 4 
4 


Te 


Api expeiitlent,” Nr TO 
Breezer procured frötn 4 diſtant e Sn, 
RFV 


"and "thelr' Wh 65 
"toi 1808 9 e 


ee Mie pide es fiber 1 0 
diſtant pon a i fine woolled male and fe- 
male; and alſo put them, and their off. : 
ſprang; inte the fame pal ure, with the 
1 eber Woolled ones; and continued foto > to. 
grazethemn, a and their reſp eftive of if ring,. 7 
for three ge Sabi! ende together; . 
and at the end of that riod, as we as 
at each reſpective clip-d; ay, : they had each : 
of - them, fo far retained. their original 
kind of Wool, t hat the fine was, Worth | 
nine pence, ah the other not worth | 


three pence; Which was the e 
when firft purchaſed.” . 
rig] ee ee ee ec! 


Tus fact will be confirmed, 2 ren- 
dered more eaſy to be underſtood, by the 
following obſervation: an obſervation, 

which, Hoſe who are concer ed 1 
3 0 "muſt" Have an op | 

of ma king every day; that 50 

Jae e. 


— 


17 510 


very A ſkins, ; brought krom distant 
ces f: dt Sn OPEN commons; 
"thus grazed together. for many years, 
ch retain their original kind of Wooks'. 


and tf 
and that if there! is any alter 
their "offspring, 1 it is only by the accidental © 4 


will ca 

croſſes in a flock. To elucidate this pro 
poſition, let us further take two pi pieces, 
or parcels, of lands, either 1 in the 8 r 
diſtant climates; ſo different 1 in kind and 
richneſs, that eight acres of the one, will, - 

. mäfftain an equal number of the ſame 
brded of! ſheep, juſt as wellas twelve "MEI 
the; other: : and though they be ſo ſtocked + 
and grazed, for many years, or generation 510 
the wool of each flock. will, I believe, be 
found to have undergone no other alter- 
ation, than ſuch as might have ariſen, 
had they been grazed together, 1 5 
the dune . of time, in the An Tang. * 


2 


* 1 9 . 
ei er v4 | * 932 
8 As tal nt + * . 43, wes: W 


0 3JxcTION u. 


Wy te pres ers f Fe a8 40% 
improye the quality of their wool, 


* 85 . ; 


7 9 | miniſning 


7 
\ ＋ ws 
7 * 


ht 28. J 


the, the wehe ce the. fleeces.; 5 

| IN i; bs ably t o fir at a . 

igher price, Me Pang e yet. 
chat they: gain in quality, they Joſe in 
— quantity:;fo that upon WW Whole, it will 
no more money, than, it dges at 
Fe 5 remedy.ig) as 
. e „1. Anden rubs : 


Fa FIR 1210 A. ans: on. 

1 To. what. I have 1 255 hinted, 1 would 

now further add: that thoſe ſheep. which 

Produe „ what Sir. John calls, the im- 

proved long heavy fleeces of: Lincolnſhire, 

_ requiremore, food, to maintain them, 
than thoſe ſheep which produce the finer 
wool; not only, becauſe the adgitional 

quantity of wool, requires, an additional 

ſupport; . but; alfo, becauſe, they are not 
poſſeſſed of. that form, and ſhape, which 

1 found negeſſary to ſuch a conſtitution, 

as is inclinable to live, and feed, on leſs 

- food; and at the ſame time, are far infe- 
_ rior to the latter; in the quantity, as well 
as quality of their mutton; ſo that the 


Bra Aer. lee greater number 


- 


* 


ft. 13 al 29, 3) F 17 CL kit. 4 | 


alas ie able ne 
quantity; and quality of food to grow'as 
great weight of wool, upom the whole, 
as he wWhe attends ſolely to that breed, 
Whieh produces the eoarſe flecces; and 
will at the ſame time; have greatly the 
advantage, in the ene and e 


of the fleſh. 
DIO WI mojo ie No Sr GF 
Gi i fy e K ey; 


0b JE ET! I 0 * in. 


il 3377 ty GIY 2 16 | 
Tur fitrier 105 abt! to FE helped out of ; 


5 preſent difficulties, by raiſing the 
price of proviſions, but by his n 


lowering the rent of his farm— 1711 


Bor do we Hind in thel gene ality 


landlords any ſuch diſpoſition? I an- 
ticipate the anſwer of ten thoufand in- 


duſtrious farmers, in the negative] Since 
then, there is no probability of aſſiſtance 
coming from that quarter, before it is 
too late; their tenants demand it from 


another; an adequate price for their com- 


modities — Grant them this — they aſk, 


they 


bo rn in full paleltich f wealth 
and Proſperity; conſe uently, of e 
erofity, and publick ſpirit. 
ves then, Gentlemen, at this 
ous criſis, true leavers of your c coun- 
try, by contributing generouſly to its ſup- 
port; and the lateft poſterity. ” ſhall look 
bark wäth admiration on your characters, 
and compare you to thoſe brilliant con- 

Bens, Khich in the darknels, of the 
night, though apparently ſituated in the 
boundaries of ſpace, dart their oppor- 
tunely 1 4 8 e even to 
Kaith!“ 


ws j bo Ks 4 wu * 3 * 44 
„ * 5 
> — » * 1 : . 1 a 1 22 + 8 * 
F A J 7 . : 4 * 4 
4 . bp. 1 * : g : " e -— 4 


0B JB © xp; 10 N Tv... 
231 1034930 r 3 
I by the third remedy, ; propoſed, .the | 
manufacturers ſhould be obliged to work 


ſix, inſtead of four days in a week, and 
we ſhould employ more machines, &c. 


ow wo * 


there is no reaſon to believe, that \ We: Mall 


have a demand, either at home, r from 


* a,” 


(Rn, for” ſa an additional 


fs N 182 quantity 


4 


o * * AS oo 2 FER * 4 * 82 mY ſin 5 1 2 ry. 
2 2 * en * . e Chas rr 8 IN * " 2 —_ > 5 
3 r 8 on EEE R 4 a eds A Es WEED ied br tg 8 . 
R 5 PEE Tae? RET 9.5, 0) 9 ENS, Te PRIN . : : 
* A 9 175 n Nr LS 0 4 N * 
FF F F LN ds AI A a | 


S 
8 DEP x 8 
Cos 


LIED? 

Dx 55 

* ar 
wk 2 


enn. ME v3 * * 


* „ 


> Sod * 
L 


* 
R 


* 
3% 
148 
2 
a 
B : 
3 
bo 4 
3 
. 
be 
n 
£ Mu 
2 i 
= 
\F . 
2 3 q 
4 by 
5 
_— 
WE 
= 
"= 
"2% 
4 25 8 
. . 8 
bb 
8 
3 > 
"* 
384 
- 
"x 
C7 
(a. 38 
* 
. 
- 
. 
i 
is 
. 8 
5 
"528 
3 
. 
0 
-_” 
Y 
© 
oF 
"3 
* 
SE 
- IS 
I 
a 
BY 
0 
, 
2 


38 
= 
. 
8 
1 
* 
5 
bi” 
1% 
. 
* 
. 
0 * 
bs . 
2 
FE 
> 
* 
42 
5 
8 
5 
En 
. 


| are me 15 of. 


laſt fairly determined. 


5⁰ Foy Hh ume caſte 


8 f res Hut Ni fins g- h 

v 1 N be, us. 

me it eviden y.. appears «that 
119 

r demand for la eon e 


a pains to ſhew, 


1 1 has e 1 f. that if a power 


awas granted for exportation, none of the 


coarſe” : heavy. wool, would be bought. up, 


to be ſent abroad. The ee is Sd 


Sd 44 » ü Hoe F 


1 wovty only ad. it is a ns oa 
bounties of Providence ſhould be per- 
verted, and abuſed: but when this is the 


_ caſe, it is the part of a wiſe legiſlature, to 


take ſuch meaſures, as will prevent its 
diſorderly ſubjects, from ee them- 
ſelves, and ruining their ale 5 


Tux ſcheme propoſed, as far a5 it re- 5 


360 


ſpects the advancement of the price of 


proviſions; at the ſame time, that it will 
be an ir to the land-owner, and 


farmer, 


*% 


Ee: ne 1 8 uin 
| | er, And ere F enric 1 ©. commu- / 


1 = improve its mo rals, and pre- 2 
t, a e . ſtop to, thoſe vices, 
| 3 1 3 
ch are the ſu; Ire deſtruction of | any | 
4 ene Ji 
0 le. It w ill. Ve a tendency. to diſ- 
cobrage ge dru inkenneſs, and diſſi- 
pation, the ca 5 üſe 0 of almoſt all 


111 


enormities : iK wil 


JT! - 438133 


Peace, and quiet; an 


train up the Tif. 
e an * for 


= 
w £ 


7 IAG 


. STIOLL 


ing generation in a 
thoſe important virtues which 


43 El i; 4 


nation. „ ä | 


9 
„ " z 
8 * 
” 
- : 0 
x — 
4 * L — 
* 


8 n Cat; 4 « | } : : 
7 We A Ts Lond 8 e LES < 
co — S DOSS ES DA EAI COMES Ire td, wn ER 2 SY 


Amer | | 
* SY 404% 4% : 5 


Th 


P 
* 
N 
. 
=” 
* 
. 
* 
yy 
82 


