T; i 
BoraxICAL MAGAZINE; 
363 


Flower-Garden Diſplayed : 


ID 
The moſt Ornamental Fox EICON PAN rs, cultivated in the 
Open Ground, the Green-Houſe, and the Stove, are ac- 
curately repreſented in their natural Colours. 
TO WHICH ARE ADDED, 


Their Names, Claſs, Order, Generic and Specific Characters, according 
to the celebrated LIN Nx ns; their Places of Growth, and 
Times of Flowering : 


TCoocot ur WET 


THE MOST APPROVED METHODS OF CULTURE, 
A TW -@ 8 


Intended for the Uſe of ſuch Lavizs, GenTLEMEN, and GARDENERS, 23 
wiſh to become ſcientifically acquainted with the Plants they cultivate. 


By WILLIAM CURTIS, 


Author of the Fro Loxpixntwsis. 


V O I. III. 


« 'The ſpleen 1 is ie felt where Flora reigns ; 
« The low'ring eye, the petalance, the frown, 
« And ſullen BEE that o'erſhade, diſtort, 
« And mar the face of beauty, when no cauſe 
«« For ſuch immeaſurable wee appears; 
«© Theſe Flora baniſhes, and gives the fair 
« Sweet ſmiles and bloom, leis tranſient than her own.“ 
Cowrrx. 


— ä 
SS #0 
Printed by CoucuMan and Fry, Throgmorton-Street, 
For W. CURTIS, at his BorANIC-GAR DEN, Lambeth-Marſh; 
And Sold by t!Wprincipal Bookſellers in Great-Britain and Ireland. 


M-DCC XC. 


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ET. 2008 


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BRITANNICVM 


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L 731 
MOoONSONIA spECIOS A. LAROE-FLOWERR'D 
MoNnSONIA. 


KRK 


Claſs and Order. 


PoLYADELPHIA DODECANDRIA. 


Generic Charader. 


Cal. 5-phyllus. Cor. 5-petala. Stam. 15. connata in 5 fila- 
menta. Stylus g- fidus. Capſ. g-cocca. 


Specific Charatter and Synonyms. 


MONSONIA ae foliis quinatis: foliolis bipinnatis, 
u. Syſt. Vegetab. p. 697. 
MONSONIA grandiflora. Burm. prodr. 23. 


18 
1 — — 4. * et, 8 — 


| 


The genus of which this charming plant is the moſt di- 
ſtinguiſhed ſpegies, has been named in honour of Lady Anne 
Monſon. The whole family are natives of the Cape, and in 
their habit and fructification bear great affinity to the Gera- 
nium. The preſent ſpecies was introduced into this country 
in 1774, by Mr. Masson. 

We received this elegant plant juſt as it was coming into 
flower, from Mr. Cor vil, Nurſeryman, King's-Road, Chel- 
ſea, who was fo obliging as to inform me that he had ſuc- 
ceeded belt in propagating it by planting cuttings of the root 
in pots of mould, and plunging them in a tan-pit, watering 
them as occaſion may require; in due time buds appear on 
the tops of the cuttings left out of the ground. 

It rarely or never ripens its ſeed with us. | 

Should be treated as a hardy green-houſe plant ; may be 
ſheltered even under a frame, in the winter. 


Pub 4 as the Art directs, N 178, by Wilts, Botnnue Garden, Z ambeth Mark . 


74 


=, 


ANTIRRHINUM TRISTE, MELANCHOLY or 
BLACK-FLOWER'D ToAp-FLAxX. 


$30 $3333 $636 06-006 36-34 


Claſs and Order. 


DiDyYNAMIA ANGIOSPERMIA. 


Generic Character. 


Cal. 5-phyllus. Cor. baſis deorſum prominens, neQarifera, 
Cap. 2. locularis. 


Specific Character and Synonyms, 


ANTIRRHINUM rie foliis linearibus ſparſis inferioribus 
oppoſitis nettariis ſubulatis, floribus ſub- 
ſeſſilibus. Lin. Syst. Vegetab. p. 588. 

LINARIA triſtis hiſpanica. Dill. Elth. 201. f. 164. J. 199. 


— 


Receives its name of /r;/te from the ſombre appearance of 
its flowers; but this muſt be underſtood when placed at ſome 
little diſtance, for, on a near view, the principal colour of the 
bloſſoms is a fine rich brown, inclined to purple. 

Is a native of Spain, and of courſe a green-houſe plant 
with us, but it muſt not be too tenderly treated, as it loſes 
much of its beauty when drawn up, it ſhould therefore be 


kept out of doors when the ſeaſon will admit, as it only re- 


quires ſhelter from ſevere froſt, and that a common hot-bed 
frame will in general ſufficiently afford it. 

It flowers during moſt of the ſummer months; as it rarely 
or never ripens its ſeeds with us, the uſual mode. of propaga- 
ting it, is by cuttings, which ſtrike readily enough in the com- 
mon way. 

MirrER relates that it vas firſt introduced into this country 
by Sir CMARLIS WACER, from Gibraltar ſeeds. 


1 


PorENTILLA GRANDIFLORA LARGE» 


FLOWER'D POTENTILLA. 


III 


Claſs and Order. 


IcosanDRIA POLYGYNIA, 


Generic Character, 


Cal. 10-fidus. Petala 5. Sem. ſubrotunda, nuda, receptaculo 
parvo exſucco affixa. 


1 85 Speciſic Character and Synonyms. 


POTENTILLA grandiſſora foliis ternatis dentatis utrinque 
ſubpiloſis, caule — foliis lon- 
giore, Lin. Syſt. Vegetab. p. 7 
FRAG ARI A ſterilis, ampliſſimo folio et flore — cordatis, 
Vaill. Paris. 65+ 1. 10. J. 1. 


L 


Culture is well known to produce great alterations in the 
appearance of moſt plants, but particularly in thoſe which 
grow ſpontaneouſly on dry mountainous ſituations, and this is 
ſtrikingly exemplified in the preſent inſtance, this ſpecies of 
Potentilla, becoming in every reſpect much larger, as well as 
much ſmoother than in its natural ſtate. Vid. VAILI. above 
quoted. 

It is a hardy herbaceous plant, a native of Switzerland, Si- 
beria, and other parts of Europe, and flowers in July. 

LinxN&vus conſiders it as an annual; Mt1.1ts, as a bien- 
nial; we ſuſpett it to be, indeed have little doubt of its being 
a perennial ; having propagated it by parting its roots, but it 
may be raiſed more ſucceſsfully from ſeed. 


ub. the Art dip ects 6b 7. 176g nm umme m Zambeth Hark. 


Pub %*as the Att directs. March 22760.by . 


76 


8 [0+] 


ErILOBIUM ANGUSTISSIMUM.' NARROWESrT: 
LEAV'D W1ILLOW-HERB. 


OE EEE E EEE EEE TEETER 
Claſs and Order. 


OcTanDRIaA MoNOGYNIA, 


2 Generic Character. 
Cal. 4-fidus. Petala 4. Cagſ. oblonga, infera. Sem. pappoſa, 


Specific Charafter and Synonyms. 

EPILOBIUM anguftiimum, foliis ſparſis linearibus obſolete 
denticulatis aveniis, petalis æqualibus integer- 
rimis, Ait. Hort. Kew. 2. p. 5. 

EPILOBIUM anguftifolium, var. Lin. Sp. Pl. 

EPILOBIUM flore difformi, foliis linearibus. Hall, Fit, 
Helv. p. 427. u. 1001. 


— 


Though the Epilobium here figured has not been many years 
introduced into this country, it is a plant which has long been 
well known, and deſcribed. | 

Lix xs makes it à variety only of the Epilobium anguſ- 
tifolium; HALLER, a diſtin ſpecies, and in our opinion, moſt 


juſtly. 


Thoſe who have cultivated the Epilobium anguſtifolium have 
cauſe to know that it increaſes prodigiouſſy 5 its creeping 
roots. The preſent plant, ſo far as we have been able to de- 
termine from cultivating it ſeveral years, in our Garden, 
Lambeth-Marſh, has not ſhewn the leaſt diſpoſition to 1n- 
creaſe in the ſame way, nor have any ſeedlings ariſen from 
the ſeeds which it has ſpontaneouſly ſcattered : we have, in- 
deed, found it a plant rather difficult to propagate, yet it 1s 
highly probable that at a greater diſtance from London, and 
in a more favourable ſoil, its roots, thougb not of the creep- 
ing kind, may admit of a greater increaſe, and its feeds be 
more prolific. 

It is a native of the Alps of Switzerland, from whence it is 
frequently diſlodged, and carried into the plains by the im- 
petuoſity of torrents. 

It flowers with us in July and Auguſt, and being a hardy per- 
ennial, and perhaps the moſt elegant ſpecies of the genus, ap- 
pears to us highly deſerving a place in the gardens of the curious, 


— — 


— — 
— pan 


Lambeth M 


| 
PT 
5 
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2 
5 
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CrNTAUREA MONTANA. GREATER BLUE-BOTTLE. 


$S$$4 54444444444 $44 
Claſs and Order. 


" SYNGENESI1A POLYGAMIA FRUSTRANEA. 


Generic Character. 


Receptaculum ſetoſum. Pappus ſimplex. Corolle radii infundi- 
buliformes, longiores, 1rregulares. 


Specific Charafter and Synonyms. 


CENTAUREA montana calycibus ſerratis, folits lanceolatis 
decurrentibus caule ſimpliciſſimo. Lin. Syſt. 
Vegetab. p. 785. 
CYANUS montanus latifolius S. Verbaſculum cyanoides. 
Bauh. Pin. 273. 
CYANUS major. Lobel. icon. 548. 


— 
— 


It has been ſuggeſted by ſome of our readers, that too many 
common plants, like the preſent, are figured in this work. 
We wiſh it to be underſtood, that the profeſſed defign of 
the Botanical Magazine 1s to exhibit repreſentations of fuch. 
We are deſirous of putting it in the power of all who culti- 
vate or amuſe themſelves with plants, to become ſcientifically 
acquainted with them, as far as our labours extend; and we 
deem it of more conſequence, that they ſhould be able io aſ- 
certain ſuch as are to be.found in every garden, than ſuch 
as they may never have an opportunity of Teeing. On view- 
ing the repreſentations of objects of this fort, a defire of 
fecing the original is naturally excited, and the pleaſure is 
greatly enhanced by having it in our power to poſſeſs it. 
But, while we are deſirous of thus creating Botaniſts, we are no 
leſs anxious to gratify the wiſhes of thole already ſuch; and 
we believe, from a peruſal] of the Magazine, it will appear 
that one-third of the plants figured, have ſome pretenſions to 
novelty. 

The Centaurea montana is à native of the German Alps, 
flowers during the greateſt part of the ſummer, is a hardy 
perennial, and will grow in any foil or ſituation, ſome will 
think too readily, 


, 


Dy 


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Pb Tar the Act directs, March 11780. by Warts. Botaruc Carden Lambeth Marrh 


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74 


L 78 ] 
NARCISSUS ODORUS. SWEET-SCENTED, OT 


GREAT JONQUIL. 


EMME 
Claſs and Order. 


HEXANDRIA 


ONOGYNIA., 


Generic Charater. 


Petala G- Æqualia. Ne#ario infundibuliformi, 1-phyllo. Sta- 
mina intra nectarium. 


Specific Charafter and Synonyms. 


NARCISSUS adoxus ſpatha ſub-biflora, nectario campanulato 


ſexfido lævi dimidio petalis breviore, ſoliis 
ſemicylindricis. Lin. Syft. Vegetab. p. 317. 


NARCISSUS. anguſtifolius, five juncifolius maximus amplo 
calice. 


The Great Jonquilia with the large flower or cup. Park. 
Parad. p. 89. fig. 5. 


i — 
* —_— —_— 


We ſhall be thought, perhaps, too partial to this tribe of 
plants, this being the fifth ſpecies now figured ; but it ſhould 
be remembered, that as the ſpring does not afford that va- 
riety of flowers which the ſummer does, we are more limited 
in our choice; the flowers of this delightful ſeaſon have alſo 
greater claims to our notice, they prefent themſelves with 
double charms. | 

This ſpecies, which, as its name implies, poſſeſſes more 
fragrance than many of the others, is a native of the South of 
Europe, flowers in the open border in April, is a hardy 
perennial, thriving in almoſt any ſoil or ſituation, but ſuc- 
ceeds beſt in a loamy ſoil and eaſtern expoſure. Varies 
with double flowers, in which ſtate it is often uſed for 
torcing. 

No notice is taken of this ſpecies by MiirER, except as 
a variety of the N. Zonquilla, from which it differs oo cœlo. 


— — 


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| = - — — — — 
—̃ — — _— 


—— 
ns 


_ _ 4 


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Pb fas the Act directs, April 1 1769. by W Garter, Botanee Carden Lambeth March. 


- 


1 | 
Lotus JacoBzus BLACK-FLOWER'D 
LoTus. 


- Sie ttt , K K l . dented te 


Claſs and Order. 


DriaDeirnuia DECANDRIA. 


Generic Oaracter. 


Legumen cylindricum ſtrictum. Ale ſurſum longitudinaliter 
conniventes. Cal. tubuloſus. | 
| 
Specific Character and Synonyms. 


LOTUS Jacobæus leguminibus ſubternatis, caule herbaceo 
erecto, foliolis linearibus. Lin. Syſt. Veg. 691. 


LOTUS anguſtifolia, flore luteo purpuraſcente, inſulæ S. Ja- 
cobi. Comm. hort. 2. p. 165. t. 83. 


7 This ſpecies of Lotus has been called black-flower'd, not 
that the flqwers are abſolutely black, for they are of a very 
rich brown inclined to purple, but becauſe they appear ſo at 
a little diſtance ; the light colour of the foliage contributes 
not a little to this appearance. 

« It grows naturally in the Ifland of St. James; is too 
* tender to live abroad in England, ſo the plants muſt be 
kept in pots, and in the winter placed in a warm airy glaſs 
* caſe, but in the ſummer they ſhould be placed abroad in a 
« ſheltered ſituation. It may be eaſily propagated by cuttings 
during the ſummer ſeaſon, and alſo by ſeeds, but the plants 
* which have been two or three times propagated by cuttings, 
* ſeldom are fruitful.” Miller Gard. Di. : 

It continues to flower during the whole of the ſummer; as 
it is very apt to die off without any apparent cauſe, care 
ſhould be taken to have a ſucceſſion of plants from ſceds, if 
poſſible. 


5 — —  —  —  — — 


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— — 


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— 


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N , a Garden Lambeth March . 
Pub*as the Act directs April 1 1789. by N Botame 


[ 80 


SrickLIA MARILANDICA, MARYLAND Spi- 
GELIA, or WORM-GRASS. 
. 

Claſs and Order. 


PENTANDRIA MON OGYNIA. 


Generic Character. 


Corolla infundibuliformis. Capſula didyma. . locularis, po- 
lyſperma. 
Specific Character and Synonyms. 
SPIGELIA Marilandica caule tetragono, foliis omnibus oppo- 
ſitis. Lin. Sy. Veg. p. 197. Mant. 2. p. 338. 
LONICERA Marilandica. Spec. Pl. ed. 3. p. 249. 
PERICLYMENT virginiani flore coccineo planta marilandica 
ſpicata erecta foliis conjugatis. D. She- 
rard Rali Suppl. p. 32. Caleſb. vol. 11. 
t. 78. 
ANTHELMIA eee Dr. Lining. Eſays Phyſical 
and Literary, Vol. 1. and Vol. g. 


This plant, not leſs celfbrated for its ſuperior efficacy in 
deſtroying worms“, than mired for its beauty, is a native of 
the warmer parts of North America; the older Botaniſts, and 
even Lix Nx s, at one time conſidered it as a honeyſuckle, but 
he has now made a new genus of it, which he has named in 
honour of Se1GtLt1us, a Botaniſt of conſiderable note, author 
of the 1/agog. in rem berbar. publiſhed at Leyden in 1633. 

* This plant is not eaſily propagated in England, for the 
* roots make but flow increaſe, fo that the plant is not very 
* common in the Engliſh Gardens at preſent ; for although 
it is ſo hardy as to endure the cold of our ordinary winters 
in the open air, yet as it does not ripen ſeeds, the only 
way of propagating it is by parting of the roots; and as 
theſe do not make much increaſe by offsets, ſo the plants 
are ſcarce; it delights in a moiſt ſoil, and mult not be often 
4 tranſplanted.” Miller's Di#. 

The ſcarcity of this plant, even now, is a proof of the juſt- 
neſs of Mr. MirtER's obſervation; it is in fact a very ſhy 
plant, and ſcarcely to be kept in this country but by fre- 
quent importation. 

lt lowers 1 in June and July. 


d. Lewis's Mater. Medica. 


7 


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A fas the Act direces, April 12749 by Nur, anne Carden, Lambeth March... _ 


a1 


CoLUTEA ARBORESCENS. TREE COLUTEA, 
or BLADDER SENNA, 


F LL LS AAAS 


Claſs and Order. 


DiADELPHIA DECANDRIA. 


Generic Chara#er. 


Calyx 5-fidus. Legumen inflatum, baſi ſuperiore dehiſcens. 


Specific Character and Synonyms. 


COLUTEA arbore/cens arborea foliolis obcordatis. Lin. Syft. 
Vegetab. p. 668. 


COLUTEA veſicaria. Baub. Pin. 396. 
The greater Baſtard Senna with bladders. Park. Par. 440. 


The Bladder Senna, a native of the South of France and 
Italy, produces a profuſion of bloom from June to Auguſt, 
when its inflated pods pleaſe from the ſingularity of their ap- 
pearance ; on theſe accounts, it is one of the moſt common 
lowering ſhrubs cultivated in gardens and plantations. 
* It is propagated by ſowing its ſeeds any time in the ſpring 
in a bed of common earth ; anq when the plants are come 
up, they muſt be kept clear from we eds, and the Michaelmas 
lollowing they ſhould be tranſplanted either into nurſery- 
rows, or in the places where they are deſigned to remain ; 
*« for if they are let grow in the ſeed-· bed too long, they are 
* very ſuhject to have tap roots, which render them unfit 
for tranſplanting; nor ſhould theſe trees be ſuffered to 

remain too long in the nurſery beſore they are nnn 
. «for the ſame reaſon.” Miller's Gard. Di#. 

e have learned by experience, that a very wet ſoil will 

3 fatal to theſe ſhrubs. 


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ACHENALIA TRICOLOR. THREE-coLOURED 
LAcHENALIA. 
NR 3 thee 36 
Claſs and Order. 
HEXANDRIA MONOGYNIA, 
Generic Charater. 


alyx ſubtriphyllus, inferus, coloratus. Corolla 3-petala, re- 
ceptaculo inſerta. Facquin jun. in act. helv. vol. g. 


Specific Charatter and Synonyms. 
ACHENALIA tricolor. Lin. Syſt. Vegetab. ed. 14. p. 314. 
| Jacg. Icon. pl. rarior, f. 3. 
HORMIUM Aloides. Lin. Syſt. Vegetab. ed. 14. P. 336. 
Suppl. 205. 


To Mr. LEE, of the Vineyard, Hammerſmith, the firſt, and 
s we underſtand, the only Nurſeryman as yet in poſſeſſion of 
is plant, which has but lately been introduced into this 
ountry from the Cape, we are indebted for the preſent 
)ecIMeEN, 5 

Mr. Jacgvin, jun. who has figured and deſcribed it in 
ie Atta Helvetica, gives it the name of Lachenalia, in honour 
f WARNERUS DE La CHENAL, a very eminent Swils Bo- 
miſt, and the particular friend of the late illuſtrious HALLER. 

ur readers ſhould be informed, that it had before been 
alled by two other different names, viz. Hyacinthus orchi- 
ides, and Phormium aloides, under the latter of which it now 
ands in the 14th edition of the Sytema Vegetabilium, as well 
s$ that of Lachenalia. 

Its trivial name of 7rico/or it receives from the three co- 
ours oblervable in the flowers ; but it muſt be noticed, that 
is only at the middle period of its flowering, that theſe three 
olours are highly diſtinguiſhable ; as it advances, the brilliant 
range of the top flowers dies away; the ſpots on the leaves 
Mo, which when the plant is young, give it the appearance 
an orchis, as it advances into bloom become leſs and leſs 
onſpicuous. 

Like moſt of the Cape plants, the Lachenalia requires to 
x ſheltered in the winter; during that ſeaſon it muſt there- 
ore be kept in a green-houſe, or hot-bed frame, well ſecured. 

It flowers in the ſpring, but its blowing may be accelerated 
Dy the warmth of the ſtove, for it bears forcing well enough. 
It is increaſed by offsets from the bulbs. 


- 


Pubs the Act diem May 1.1780. hin Bomm Garden, Lambeth March. 


bt G4 
HiBIscus SYRIACUS. SYRIAN HiBIScus; 
commonly called ALTHza FRUTEX. 


THT III 
Claſs and Order. 


MoNADELPHIA POLYANDRIA. 


Generic Character. 


Calyx duplex, exterior polyphyllus. Capſula g- locularis, po- 
lyſperma. 
Specific Character and Synonyms. 
HIBISCUS frizcus foliis cuneiformi ovatis ſuperne inciſo- 
ſerratis, caule arboreo. Lin. Syſt. Veg. p. 630. 
ALCEA arboreſcens ſyriaca. Baub. Pin. p. 316. 


ALTH AA frutex flore albo vel purpureo. Park. Par. p. 369. 


The Hibiſcus Hyriacus, known generally by the name of 
Althea fritex, is a native of Syria, and forms one of the chief 
ornaments of our gardens in autumn ; we view it, however, 
with leſs delight, as it is a ſure indication of approaching winter. 
| There are many varieties of it mentioned by authors, as the 
purple, red-flowered, white-flowered, variegated red and white 
flowered, and the ftriped-flowered, to which may be added, ano- 
ther variety, lately introduced, with double flowers: it varies 
alſo in its foliage, which is ſometimes marked with white, 
ſometimes with yellow. 

As from the lateneſs of its flowering, and the want of ſuf- 
ficient warmth, it rarely ripens its feeds with us; the uſual 
mode of increaſing i it is by layers, and ſometimes by cuttings; 
but the beſt plants are raiſed from ſeeds. MiLLER oblerves, 
that the ſcarce varieties may be propagated by grafting them 
on each other, which is the common method of propagating 
the forts with ſtriped leaves. 


In the time of ParxxinsoNn it was not looked on as a 


hardy ſhrub : he thus writes, —“ they are ſomewhat tender, 
« and would not be ſuffered to be uncovered in the winter 
„ time, or yet abroad in the garden, but kept in a large pot 
* or tubbe, in the houſe or in a warme cellar, if you would 
have them to thrive.” Park. Parad. 


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DA the Act directs. Mar.1.1789 by Warts, Botanic Garden, Lambeth March. 


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TussILaGo ALPINA. ALPINE COLTSFOOT. 


DOE OLE K TEE EE EEE 


Claſs and Order. 


SYNGENESIA POLYGAMIA. 


3 ²˙ A er 2. . 


PDE. I'VE 


Generic Character. 
bY 


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F OE er IS 


Receptaculum nudum. Pappus ſimplex. Cal. ſquame æquales, 
diſcum æquantes, ſubmembranacez. 


Specific Character and Synonyms. 


z 


TUSSILAGO alpina ſcapo unifloro ſubnudo, foliis cordato 


orbiculatis crenatis utrinque virentibus. Lin. 


Syſt. Vegelab. p. 755+ 


—— — 
— — 


. 90 Te... OS 


TUSSILAGO alpina rotundifolia glabra. Baub. Pin. 197. 


This" ſpecies, a native of the Alps, of Switzerland, and 
Auſtria, is frequently kept in gardens for the ſake of variety; ; 
like the reſt of the genus, it flowers early in the ſpring, in 
March and April; is a very hardy perennial, increaſes moſt 
readily in a moiſt thady ſituation, is uſually kept in pots for 
the convenience of ſheltering it in very ſevere ſeaſons ; but 
it will grow readily enough in the open border. All plants 
that flower early, though ever ſo hardy, require ſome kind 
of ſhelter, previous to, and during their flowering. 


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Is propagated by 799 its roots in autumn. 


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SPARTIUM JUNCEUM. SPANISH BROOM». 


+$%% $4 $4444 4-463 


Claſs and Order. 


DiaDdELPnlta DECANDRIA. 


- 


Generic Character. 


Stigma longitudinale, ſupra villoſum. Filamenta germini ad- 
hærentia. Calyx deorſum productus. 


Specific Character and $ ynonyms. 


SPARTIUM junceum ramis oppoſitis teretibus apice floriſeris, 
foliis lanceolatis. Lin. Syſt. Vegetab. p. 643. 


SPARTIUM 1 ſeminibus lenti ſimilibus. Baub. 
Pin. 396. 


Spaniſh Broom. Park. Parad. p. 442. f. 443. g. 4. 


Grows naturally in France, Spain, Italy, and Turkey; 
bears our climate extremely well; is a common ſhrub in our 
nurſeries and plantations, which it much enlivens by its yellow 


bloſſoms: flowers from June to Augult, or longer in cool 
ſeaſons, 


Is raiſed by ſeeds, which generally come up plentifully 


under the ſhrubs. 


Mirrrx mentions a variety of it, which, as inferior to the 
common ſort, does not appear to be worth cultivating. 


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GLapioLus Couuuxis. Couuox CoRvn- 
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3% + % 364336 4% 336-5 ht 56-4 


Claſs and Order, 


TRIANDRIA MONOGYNIA, 


Generic Charafer. 


Corolla ſexpartita, ringens. Stamina adſcendentia, 


Specific Charafter and Synonyms. 


GLADIOLUS communis foliis enfiformibus, floribus diſtan- 
tibus. 


GLADIOLUS utrinque floridus ? Baub. Pin. 41. 


The French Corn-Flag. Park. Parad. p. 189. f. 191. , 1, 


Grows wild in the corn fields of moſt of the warmer parts 
of Europe, varies with white and fleſh-coloured bloſſoms, 
increaſes ſo faſt, both by offsets and ſeeds, as to become 
troubleſome to the cultivator; hence, having been ſupplanted 
by the Greater Corn-Flag, the Byzantinus of M1LLER, whoſe 
blofloms are larger, and more ſhewy, it is not ſo generally 
found in gardens as formerly. 


It flowers in June. 


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FD 2 1580. by Vliartss, Botrme Garden Lambeth Marth . 


BY. 
HyosCYAMUS AUREUS. GOLDEN-FLOWER'D 
HENBANE. 


e K .f . . . . . 
_ Claſs and Order. 


PENTANDRIA DiGYNIA. 


( Generic Character. 


Corolla infundibuliformis, obtuſa. Staminarinclinata, Capſule 
operculata 2-locularis. - 


Specific Character and Synonyms. 


HYOSCYAMUS aureus foliis petiolatis. dentatis acutis flo- 
ribus pedunculatis, fructibus pendulis. 
Lin. Syft. Vegetab. p. 220. 


HYOSCYAMUS creticus luteus major. Baub. Pin. 169. 


— 


A native of Crete, and other parts of the Eaſt. 


* Flowers moſt part of the ſummer, but ſeldom ripens ſeeds 
in England; will continue for ſeveral years, if kept in pots 
* and ſheltered in winter, for it will not live in the open air 
* during that ſeaſon ; if placed under a common hot-bed frame, 
« where it may enjoy as much free air as poſſible in mild wea- 
« ther, it will thrive better than when more OY. treated. 


* It may be eaſily propagated by cuttings, which if planted _ 
* in a ſhady border and covered with hand-glaſles, in any of 

* the ſummer months, they will take root in a month or fix 
« weeks, and may be afterwards planted in pots and treated 
like the old plants.” MiLLER's Gard. Di. 


It is, however, a more common pradlice to keep this plant 
in the ſtove in the winter; one advantage, at leaſt, attends 
this method, we ſecure it with certainty. 


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Narcissus BuLBocoDIUM. Hoop PETTI- 
COAT NARCISSUS. 


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Claſs and Order. [ 


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HEXJANDRIA MONOGYNIA. - 


Generic Chara@er. 


Petalia 6, æqualia: Ne#ario infundibuliformi, 1 A 
Stamina intra nectarium. 


Specific Character and Synonyms. 


IJ. 


NARCISSUS Bulbocodium ſpatha uniflora, nettario turbinato 
petalis majore, ſtaminibus piſtilloque declina- 


tis. Lin. Syſt. Vegetadb. P. 317. 
NARCISSUS montanus junfifolius, calyce aureo. Baubin, 
P- 53+ 


The greater yellow Junquilia, or baſtard Daffodil. Park. 
Parad. p. 106. J. 107. fig. 6. var. min. fig. 7. 


i 


Grows ſpontaneouſly in Portugal; flowers in the open 
border about the middle of May, is an old inhabitant of our 
gardens, but, like the /riandrus, is now become ſcarce, at 
ſeaſt in the nurſeries about London; in ſome gardens in 
Hampſhire we have ſeen it grow abundantly: MiLLEs calls 
it the Hoop Pelticoat Narciſſus, the nectary, as he obſerves, 
being formed like the ladies hoop petticoats. 


_ It certainly is one of the neateſt and moſt elegant of the 
genus, is propagated by offsets, and ſhould be planted in a 
Joomy ſoil, with an Eaſtern expoſure. 


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VIOLA PEDaTa CuT-LEAv'D VIOLET. 


$4466 
Claſs and Order. 


SYNGENESIA MONOGANIA» 


Generic Character. 


Calyx 5-phyllus. Cor. 5-petala, irregularis, poſtice cornuta. 


Capſula ſupera, 3-valvis, 1-loculans. 


Specific Character and Synonyms. 


VIOLA pedata acaulis, foliis pedatis ſeptempartitis. Lin. 
Syſt. Veget. ed. 14. Murr. p. 802. Spec. Pl. p. 1323. 


Gronov. Fl. Virg. ed. 2. p. 135. 


VIOLA tricolor caule nudo, foliis tenuius diſſectis. Banif. 
Virg. 


VIOLA inodora flore purpuraſcente ſpecioſo, foliis ad mo- 
dum digitorum inciſis. Clayt. u. 254. 


This ſpecies of Violet, a native of Virginia, 1s very rarely 
met with in our gardens; the figure we have given, was drawn 
from a plant which flowered this ſpring in the garden of 
Tnomas SyKEs, Eſq. at Hackney, who poſſeſſes a very fine 
collettion of plants, and of American ones in particular, 


It is more remarkable for the Gngularity of its foliage than 
the beauty of its bloſſoms; the former exhibit a very good 
example of the folium pedatum of Linx aus, whence its name. 


MirrER, who Calls it mullifida from a former edition of 
Lixxaus's Species Plantarum, ſays, that the flowers are not 
ſucceeded by ſeeds here, hence it can only be propagated 
by parting its roots, 2 


The beſt mode of treating it, will be to place the roots 
in a pot of loam and bog carth mixed, and plunge the pot 
into a north border, where it mult be ſheltered in the winter, 
or taken up and kept in a common hot-bed frame. 


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GoRTERIA RIGENS. RICGCID-LEAVv'p 
GORTERIA. 
XR | 
Claſs and Order. 


SYNGENESIA POLYGAMIA FRUSTRANEA. 


Generic Cbaracter. 


Receptaculum nudum. Pappus lanatus. Corolle radii ligulatæ. 


Calyx imbricatus, ſquamis ſpinoſis. 
Specific Character and Synonyms. 


GORTERIA ripens foliis lanceolatis pinnatifidis, caule de- 
preſſo, ſcapis unifloris. Lin. Syſt. Vegetab. ed. 


14. Murr. 783. Sp. Pl. ed. 3. p. 1284. 
ARCTOTIS ramis decumbentibus, foliis lineari-lanceolatis 
rigidis, fubtus argenteis. Mill. Di. et Icon. 
F. 49- | 
ARCTOTHECA foliis rigidis leniter diſſectis. Vill. a. 
1728. 1. g. 


The GorTER1a, of which there are ſeveral ſpecies, and 
moſt of them, like the preſent, natives of the Cape, has been 
named in honour of DAvIͤů ps GokrER, author of the 
Flora Zutphanica and Ingrica ; the trivial name of rigens is 
given to this ſpecies from the rigidity of its leaves, a term 
which it 1s ſometimes apt to exchange for the more common 
botanic name of ringens ; an inſtance of ſuch miſtake occurs 
in the 6th edition of MiLLEer's Gard. Dif. 


boalt a more ſhewy plant; its bloſſoms, when expanded b 
the heat of the ſun, and it is only when the ſun ſhines on 
them that they are fully expanded, exhibit an unrivalled 
brilliancy of appearance. 

It flowers in June, but rarely brings its ſeeds to perfec- 
tion, in this country, which is of the leſs conſequence, as 
the plant i is readily enough increaſed by cuttings. 

It requires the common treatment of a greenhoule plant. 


The greenhouſe, to which it properly belongs, can aded bh, 


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IRIS Sus fAN A. CHALCEDONIAN IRIS. 


KK K . r . r f x . & N x K K. 
Claſs and Order. 


TRIAN DRA MON OOGYNIA. 


Generic Charader. 


Cor. 6-petala, inæqualis, petalis alternis geniculato-patentibus, 
Stigmata petaliformia, cucullato-bilabiata. 


\ 


Specific Character and Synonyms. 


IRIS /u/iora barbata foliis enſiformibus glabris, ſcapo unifloro, 
petalis rotundatis. Lin. Sy. Vegetab. ed. 14. Pp. 88. 


IRIS ſuſiana flore maximo et albo nigricante. Baub. Pin. 31. 


The great Turkey Flower-de-luce. Park. Parad. 179. 


This ſpecies, by far the moſt magnificent of the Iris tribe, 
is a native of Perſia, from a chief city of which it takes the 
name of Sufjana : Linn evs informs us, that it was imported 
into Holland from Conſtantinople in 1373. 

Though an inhabitant of, a much warmer climate than our 
own, it thrives readily in the open borders of our gardens; 
and, in certain favourable ſituations, flowers freely about the 
latter end of May or beginning of June. It ſucceeds beſt in 
a loamy foil and ſunny expoſure, with a pure air: moiſture, 
which favours the growth of moſt of the genus, is injurious 
and ſometimes even fatal to this ſpecies. 

As it rarely ripens its feeds with us, it is generally pro- 
pagated by parting its roots in autumn. Theſe are alſo 
uſually imported from Holland, and may be had of the im- 
porters of bulbs at a reaſonable rate. 

Being liable to be deſtroyed by ſeaſons unuſually ſevere, it 
wilt he prudent to place a few roots of it in pots, either in the 
greenhouſe or in a- hot-bed frame during the winter. 

It bears forcing well. 


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SAXIFRAGA SARMENTOSA. STRAW BERRY 
SAXI FRAGE. 


NR KERK RRR 
Claſs and Order. 


DEC ANDRIA DIGYNIA. 


Generic Character. 


Calyx g partitus. Cor. 5-petala, Cagſ. 2-roſtris, 1-locularis, 
polyſperma. 


Specific Character and Synonyms. 
SAXIFRAGCA f/armento/a foliis radicalibus ſubrotundis cor- 


datis crenatis, ſarmentis axillaribus radicanti- 
bus, corolla irregulari, racemo compoſito. 


Lin. Syſt. Veg. ed. 14. p. 412. Suppl. p. 240. 


This ſpecies of Saxifrage differing ſo widely from the 
others, both in its habit and fruttification, as to create a doubt 
in the minds of ſome, whether it ought not to be conſidered 
as a diſtinct genus, is a native of China, and one of the many 
plants which have been introduced into our gardens ſince the 
time of MILLER. 

Its round variegated leaves, and ſtrawberry-like runners, 
the uncommon magnitude of the two lowermoſl pendant pe— 
tals, joined to the very conſpicuous glandular nectary in the 
centre of -the flower, half ſurrounding the germen, render 
this ſpecies ſtrikingly dillindt. 

It is properly a greenhouſe plant; in mild winters indeed 
it will bear the open air, eſpecially if placed at the foot of 
a wall, or among rouck-work; but, in {uch fituations, it is 
frequently killed in ſevere ſeaſons. 

It flowers in May and June, but does not produce its 
bloſſoms ſo freely as ſome others. 

No difficulty attends the propagation of it, for it increaſes 
lo faſt by its runners, as to be even troubleſome. 


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SEMPERVIVUM MONANTHES. DWARF 
HouUSELEEK. 
OTE EEE EEE , KK K AK 
Claſs and Order. 


DoDECANDRIA DODECAGYNIA., « 


Generic Character. 


Calyx 12-partitus, Pelala 12. Capſule 12, polyſpermæ. 


Specific Character and Synonyms. 


SEMPERVIVUM monanthes foliis teretibus clavatis confertis, 
pedunculis nudis ſubunifloris, neQarus 
obcordatis. Aion. Hort. Kew. 


— — — 


It appears from the Horius Kewen/is, the publication of 
which is daily expected, that the plant here figured was firſt 
brought to this country from the Canary Iflands, by Mr. 
Francis Massow, in the year 1777. 

It is highl deſerving the notice of the Botaniſt, not only 
as being by fir the leaſt ſpecies of the genus, but on account 
of its Nettaria; theſe, though not mentioned by Linxzvus 
in his character of the genus, have been deicribed by other 
authors, particularly Jacquixn and HALTER; and though 
not preſent in moſt, and but faintly viſible in a few ſpecies of 
Sempervivum, in this plant form a principal part of the fruc- 
tification ; they are uſually ſeven in number, but vary from 
{ix to eight. 

In the ſpecimens we have examined, and which perhaps 
have been rendered luxuriant by culture, the number of ſta- 
mina has been from twelve to ſixteen; of ſtyles, from fix to 
eight; of flowers on the {ame ſtalk, from one to eight. 

It flowers during moſt of the ſummer months, ſucceeds very 
well with the common treatment of a greenhouſe plant in the 
ſummer, but does beſt in a dry ſtove in the winter, 

Is readily increaſed by parting its roots. 


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SISYRINCHIUM IRIDIOIDES, IRIS-LEAV'p 
SISYRINCHIUM. . 


3% 4% $34 4+ 360-06 36-36-2636 7 
Claſs and Order. 


GyNANDRIA TRIANDRIA. 


Generic Chara@er. 


Monogyna. Spatha diphylla. Petala 6 plana. Capſula tri- 


locularis, infera. 


Specific Character and Synonyms. 


; 8 b Pi. 
SISYRINCHIUM zridivides foliis enfiformibus ; petalis ob- 
longo-obcordatis, venoſis; germinibus 
yriformibus, ſubhirſutis. | 
SISYRINCHIUM Bermudiana. Lin. Syſt. Vegetab. p. 820. 
var. 2. Spec. Pl. p. 1353- 
BERMUDIANA iridis folio, radice fibrola. Drill. Elth. 48. 
. to Ja 
SISYRINCHIUM Bermudiana foliis gladiolatis amplexicau- 
libus, pedunculis brevioribus. Miller“ 
Di. ed. 6. 4to. 


On comparing the preſent plant with the Bermudiana grami- 
nea flore minore caruleo of DilLEx1ius, Both of which I have 
growing, and now in pots before me, the difference appears 
lo ſtriking, that I am induced with him and MiLLEx to con- 
ſider them as diſtin& ſpecies; eſpecially as, on a cloſe exa- 
mination, there appear charatters ſufficient to juſtify me 
in the opinion, which characters are not altered by culture. 

It 1s a native of the Bermudian Iflands, and flowers in the 
open border from May to the end of July; it is not uncom- 
mon to keep it in the greenhouſe, for which, from its ſize, 
Kc. it is very well adapted; but it is not neceſſary to treat it 
tenderly, as it will bear a greater degree of cold than many 
plants uſually conſidered as hardy. 

It may be propagated moſt readily by ſeeds, or by parting 
Its roots in the autumn; ſhould be planted on a border with 
an eaſtern aſpect ; ſoil the ſame as for bulbs, 


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CERANIUM RADULA. RAS P-LEAV'D 
GERANIU Au. 


NR KN 
Claſs and Order. 


MoNADELPHIA DECANDRIA. 


Generic Chara#ter. 


Monogyna. Oigmata 5. Frudus roſtratus, 5-COCCUs. 


Specific CharaFer and Synonyms. 
' CGERANIUM revolutum pedunculis ſubbifloris, foliis multi- 


fidis linearibus ſcabris ad oras revolutis, caule 
arboreo. Facg. ic. 133. collef. 1. p. 84. 
GERANIUM \Radula. Cavanill. Dill. 4. p. 262. f. 101. . 1. 


This is one of the numerous tribe of Geraniums introduced 4 
from the Cape ſince the time of MirLER: it takes the name 4 
of Radula, which 1s the Latin term for a raſp or file, from the I 
rough raſp-like ſurface of the leaves. 4 

There are two varicties of it, a major and a minor, which *. 
keep pretty conſtantly to their characters; and as this ſpecies 7 
is readily raiſed from ſeeds, it affords alſo many ſeminal A 
varieties. = 

As a Botaniſt, deſirous of ſeeing plants diſtintt in their 9 

characters, we could almoſt wiſh it were impoſſible to raiſe a 
thele foreign Gerantums from leeds; for, without pretending 4 


to any extraordinary diſcernment, we may venture to pro- 
phecy, that in a few years, from the multiplication of ſeminal 
varieties, ſpringing from feeds caſually, or perhaps purpoſely 1 
impregnated with the pollen of different ſorts, ſuch a crop 
will be produced as will battle all our attempts to reduce to 
ſpecies, or even regular varieties. 

Such as are partial to this tribe, will no doubt wiſh to 
have this ſpecies in their collection; the bloſſoms are pretty, 
and the foliage 1s fingular, but it remains but a ſhort time 
in flower. 

It is readily propagated by cuttings. 


——_ — 


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Hub Tas the Act du Sep 2789, by Wiiongs, Bor 


Garden, Lambeth Mart . 


[ 96 ] 


LANTANA ACULEATA. PRICKLY LANTANA, 
DOD TE EEE EE N N. N. . l. . 


Claſs and Order. 


DipDyNAMIla ANGIOSPERMIA:, 


Generic Character. 
Calyx 4-dentatus obſolete, S, uncinato- reſfractum. Drupa 


nucleo 2-loculari. 


Specific Character and Synonyms. 


LANTANA aculeata foliis oppoſitis, caule aculeato ramoſo 
ſpicis hemiſphæricis. Lin. Syſt. Veg. ed. 14. p. 
566. 


According to Miriux, this ſpecies grows naturally in 
Jamaica, and moſt of the other Iſlands in the Weft-Indies, 
where it is called wild Sage ; the flowers, which are very bril- 
liant, are ſucceeded by roundiſh berries, which, when ripe, 
turn black, having a pulpy covering over a ſingle hard ſeed, 


It is readily propagated by cuttings. 


Different plants vary greatly in the colour of their bloſſoms, 
and the pricklineſs of their ſtalks; the prickles are ſeldom 
ſound on the young ſhoots. 


This plant will bear to be placed abroad in the warmeſt 
ſummer months, the reſt of the year it requires artificial heat. 
It is uſually placed in the dry ſtove, to which, as it is ſeldom 
without flowers, it imparts great brilliancy. 


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CL 97] 


Fucusla Cocel NEA. SCARLET FUCHSIA. 


Claſs and Order. 


OcTranDRIla MoONOGYNIA. 


Generic Cbaradter. 


Calyx 1-phyllus, coloratus, corollifer, maximus. Petala 4, parva. 
Bacca infera, 4-locularis, polyſperma. 


Specific Character and Synonyms. 


FUCHSIA coccinea foliis oppoſitis ovatis denticulatis ; petalis 
obovatis, obtuſis. Hort. Kew. 


THILCO Feuillée it. 3. p. 64. t. 47. 


The preſent plant is a native of Chili, and was introduced to 
the royal gardens at Kew, in the year 1788, by Capt. FIRTH; 
it takes the name of Fuchſia from Fuchs a German Botaniſt of 
great celebrity, author of the Hiforia Stirpium in folto, pub- 
liſhed in 1542, containing five hundred and ſixteen figures in 
wood; and which, though mere outlines, expreſs the objects 
they are intended to repreſent, infinitely better than many, 
laboured engravings of more modern times. 

Every perſon who can boaſt a hot-houſe will be anxious to 
poſſeſs the Fuchſia, as it is not only a plant of peculiar beauty, 
but produces its rich pendant bloſſoms through moſt of the 
ſummer; the petals in the centre of the flower are particularly 
deſerving of notice; they ſomewhat reſemble a ſmall roll of 
the richeſt purple-coloured ribband. 

Though this plant will not ſucceed well in the winter, nor 
be eaſily propagated unleſs in a ſtove, it will flower very well 
during the ſummer months, 'in a good green-houſe or hot-bed 
frame, and though at preſent from its novelty it bears a high 
price, yet as it is readily propagated, both by layers, cuttings, 
and ſceds, it will ſoon be within the purchaſe of every lover 
of plants, 

Mr. Lre, of Hammerſmith, we underſtand firſt had this 
plant for ſale. 


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[ 98 ] 


TROPAOLUM Minus. SMALL TROP AOLUM, 
or INDIAN-CRESS. 
$5643 4436-33633 3-33 
Claſs and Order. 


OcrAN DRIA MONOGYNIA. 


Generic Character. 


Cal. 1-phyllus, calcaratus. Pelala 5, inæqualia. Baccæ tres, 
ſiccæ. 
Specific Character and Synonyms. 


TROPÆOLUM minus foliis peltatis repandis, petalis acumi- 
nato- ſetaceis. Lin. Sy. Vegetab. p. 357. 


Indian-Creſſes, or yellow Larke's-heeles. Park. Parad. p. 280. 


This ſpecies of Tropæolum (which like the majas already 
figured in this work, 1s a native of Peru) has long heen an 


inhabitant of our gardens ; it was the only ſpecies we had in 


the time of Parxx1insoNn, by whom it is figured and deſcribed; 
it appears indeed to have been a great favourite with that intel- 
ligent author, for he ſays this plant © is of ſo great beauty 
and ſweetneſſe withall, that my garden of delight cannot 
* bee unfurniſhed of it, and again the whole flower hath a fine 
e ſmall ſent, very pleaſing, which being placed in the middle of 
« ſome Carnations or Gilloflowers (for they are in flower at 
the ſame time) make a delicate Tuſſimuſie, as they call it, 
« or Noſegay, both for fight and ſent.” 

As the Paſſiflora cærulca, from its ſuperior beauty and hardi- 
neſs, has in a great degree ſupplanted the icarnata, ſo has the 
Tropeolum majus the minus; we have been informed indeed that 
It was entirely loſt to our gardens till Jately, when it was re- 
introduced by Dr. J. E. Suirn, who by diſtributing it to his 
friends, and the Nurſerymen near London, has again rendered 
it tolerably plentiful. 

Like the majus it is an annual, though by artificial heat it 
may be kept in a pot through the winter, as uſually is the 
variety of it with double flowers; but as it will grow readily in 
the open air, in warm ſheltered ſituations, it ſhould be raiſed 
on a hot- bed, like other tender annuals, if we wiſh to have it 
flower early in the ſummer, contfnue long in bloſſom, and 
produce perfect ſceds. 


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ANTIRRHINUM PURPUREUM. PURPLE 
TOAD-FLAX. 


KR IIA 


Claſs and Order. 


DiDyNamia ANGLIOSPERMIA, 


Generic Cbaracter. 


Calvx 5-phylus. Corelle baſis deorſum prominens, neQtarifera, 
Capſula 2-locularis. 


Specific Character and Synonyms. 


ANTIRRHINUM purpureum foliis quaternis linearibus, caule 
ereQto ſpicato. Lin. Syſt. Vegetab. p. 58 


LINARIA purpurea major odorata. Baub. Pin. 213. 
LINARIA altera purpurea. Dod. Pempt. 183. 


Though not ſo beautiful as many of the genus, this ſpecies 
is a common inhabitant of the flower-garden, in which 1t con- 
tinues to bloſſom, during moſt of the ſummer. 


It is a native of Italy, and delights in a PEE ſoil and ſituation ; 
it will even flouriſh on walls, and hence will ſerve very well 
to decorate the more elevated parts of rock-work. 


When oace introduced it comes up 8 from 
ſeeds. 


Pub Tas the ae hen b H Botanic Carden Lambeth Marh 


(401 


LATHYRUS TINGITAN US. TANGIER PEA, 


N eee. 


Claſs and Order. 


DiAaDELPHIA DECANDRIA., 


Generic Character. 


Stylus planus, ſupra villoſus, ſuperne latior, Cal. laciniæ ſupe · 
riores 2-breviores, | 


Specific Character and Synonyms, 


LATHYRUS tingitanus pedunculis bifloris, cirrhis diphyllis, 
foliolis alternis lanceolatis glabris, ſtipulis lu- 
natis. Lin, Syſt. Vegetab, p. 663. | 


LATHYRUS tingitanus, filiquis orobi, flore amplo ruber- 
rimo. Moris. hiſt. 2. p. 55- 


The Tangier Pea, a native of Morocco, cannot boaſt the 
agreeable ſcent, or variety of colours of the ſweet Pea; nor 
does it continue ſo long in flower; nevertheleſs there is a 
richneſs in the colour of its bloſſoms, which entitles it to a 
place in the gardens of the curious, in which it is uſually ſown 
in the ſpring, with other hardy annuals. | 


It flowers in June and July, 


The beſt mode of propagating it, is to ſow the ſeeds on the 
borders in patches, where the plants are to remain; thinning 
them when they come up, ſo as to leave only two or three 
together. 


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ALys8UM HALIMIFOLIUM. SWEET ALYSSUM, 


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Claſs and Order. 


TETRADYNAMIA SILICULOSA. 


Generic Cbaracter. 


Filamenta quædam introrſum denticulo notata. Silicula emar- 
ginata. 


Specific Character and Synonyms. 
ALYSSUM balimifolium caulibus ſuffruticoſis, diffuſis, foliis 


lineari-lanceolatis integerrimis, villoſiuſculis, ſta- 
minibus ſimplicibus, ſiliculis ſubrotundis integris. 
Hort. Kew. V. 2. p. 381. 

ALYSSUM balimifolium caulibus procumbentibus, perennan- 
tibus, foliis lanceolato-linearibus, acutis, inte- 
gerrimis. Linn. Syſt. Vegetab. p. 590. 

Thlaſpi halimi folio ſempervirens. Herm. lugd. 594. J. 595. 


Grows ſpontaneouſly in dry fituations, in the ſouthernmoſt 
parts of Europe, where it is Gadd and in ſimilar ſituations 
it is ſo in ſome degree with us; but on our flower-borders, 
where it is uſually ſown, it grows ſo luxuriantly, that the ſtalks 
becoming juicy and tender, are generally deſtroyed by our 
froſts; hence it is an annual from peculiarity of circumſtance; 
as ſuch, it is very generally cultivated ; the flowers exhibit a 
pretty, innocent appearance, and ſtrongly diffuſe an agreeable 
honey-like ſmell. They continue to blow through moſt of 
the ſummer months. 

It is a very proper plant for a wall or piece of rock-work ; 
care muſt be taken, however, not to ſow too much of the 
ſeed in one pot, as it ſpreads wide, but it may eaſily be re- 
duced at any period of its growth, as it does not creep at the 


root. 
The ſpecific deſcription in the Hortus Kewenſis above re- 


ferred to, admirably charaQterizes the plant, but ſurely at the 
expence of its generic character. 


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[ 102 ] 


CAMPANULA SPECULUM. VENUS's LOOKING- 
GLASS. 


TINA 


Claſs and Order. 


PENTANDRIA MONOGYNIA. 


Generic Character. 


Corolla campanulata, fundo clauſo valvis ſtaminiferis. Stigma 
trifidum. Cap/ula infera, poris lateralibus dehiſcens. 


Specific Character and Synonyms. 


CAMPANULA Fpeculum caule ramoſiſſimo, diffuſo ; foliis 
oblongis ſubcrenatis, floribus ſolitariis, cap- 
ſulis priſmaticis. Linn. Hi. YVegetab. p. 209. 


ONOBRYCHIS arvenſis ſ. Campanula arvenſis erecta. Baub. 
Pin. 215. 


Grows wild among the corn in the South of Europe, is an 
annual, and, like the Sweet Alyſſum, generally cultivated in 
our gardens, and moſt deſervedly ſo indeed, for when a large 
aſſemblage of its bloſſoms are expanded by the rays of the 
ſun, their brilliancy is ſuch as almoſt to dazzle the eyes of 
the beholder. 


Thoſe annuals which bear our winter's froſts without injury, 
are advantageouſly ſown in the autumn; for by that means 
they flower more early, and their ſeeds ripen with more cer- 
tainty ; the preſent plant is one of thoſe : it uſually ſows itſelf, 
and is therefore raiſed without any trouble. 


It begins to flower in May and June, and continues to 
enliven the garden till Auguſt or September. 


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CRANE'S-BiLL. 


$3$44+5+ 55+ +444 #44+-%% 
Claſs and Order. 
MoNADELPHIA Herrandkra: 
Generic Character. 


Calyx 5-partitus: lacinia ſuprema deſinente in tubulum ca- 
pillarem, neQariferum, ſecus peduaculum decurrentem. 


Cor. 5-petala, irregularis. lam. 10. in æqualia: quorum g 


(raro g) caſtrata. Frufus, 5-coceus, roſtratus: roſtra ſpi- 
ralia, introrſum barbata. L'Herit. Geran. 


Specific Character and Synonyms. 


PELARGONIUM aceto/um umbellis paucifloris, foliis obo- 
vatis crenatis glabris carnoſis, petalis li- 
nearibus. L'Herit. Monogr. de Geran. u. 97. 
GERANIUM' acetoſum calycibus monophyllis, fohiis glabris 
obovatis carnoſis crenatis, caule fruticoſo laxo. 
Linn. Syfl. Vegetab. ed. 14. Murr. p. 613. 
Sp. Pl. p. 947- 
GERANIUM Africanum fruteſcens, folio craſſo et glauco 
acetoſæ ſapore. Comm. prel. 51. f. 1. 


" — 


Monſ. L'HERITIER, the celebrated French Botaniſt, who, 
in the number, elegance, and accuracy of his engravings, 
appears ambitious of excelling all his cotemporaries, in a 
work now executing on the family of Geranium, has thought 
it neceſſary to divide that numerous genus into three, viz. 
Erodium, Pelargonium, and Geranium. 

The Erodium includes thoſe which Linxz vs (who noticing 
the great difference in their appearance, had made three divi- 
ſions of them) deſcribes with five fertile ſtamina, and calls 
Myrrhina ; the Pelargonium thoſe with ſeven fertile ſtamina, 
his Africana ; che Geranium thoſe with ten fertile ſtamina, his 


Batrachra. 
They 


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They are continued under the claſs Monadelphia, in which 


| they now form three different orders, according to the number 


of their ſtamina, viz. Pentendria, Heptandria, and Decandria. 
If the principles of the Linnean uw had been ſtrictly adhered 
to, they ſhould perhaps have been ſeparated into different 
claſſes; for though the Pelargonium is Monadelphous, the Ge- 
ranium is not ſo; in conſequence of this alteration, the Gera- 
nium peltatum and radula, figured in a former part of this 
work, muſt now be called Pelargonium peltatum, and radula, 
and the Geranium Reichardt be an Erodium. 

The leaves of this plant have ſomewhat the taſte of ſorrel, 
whence its name, it flowers during moſt of the ſummer, and 
is readily propagated by cuttings. MILLER mentions a variety 
of it with ſcarlet flowers. 

It is a native of the Cape, and known to have been culti- 
vated in Chelſea Garden, in the year 1724. 


— CE SL LOL Dn nn . 


[ 204 J 


LySIMACHIA | BULBIFERA. BULB-BEARING 
LOOSESTRIFE. 


SIRI IRMA 
Claſs and Order. 


PENTANDRIA MONOGYNIA. 


Generic Character. 
Corolla rotata. Capſula globoſa, mucronata, 10-valvis. 


Specific Character and Synonyms. 


LYSIMACHIA F#ria racemis terminalibus, petalis lanceolatis 
patulis, foliis lanceolatis ſeſſilibus. Hort. Kew. 


D. 1 99- 


In the ſpring of the year 1781, I received roots of this 
plant from Mr. RoszxT Squ1ss, then at New-York, which 
produced flowers the enſuing ſummer, ſince that time, I have 
had frequent opportunities of obſerving a very peculiar cir- 
cumſtance in its ceconomy ; after flowering, inſtead of pro- 
ducing ſeeds, it throws out gemmæ vivaces, or bulbs of an 
unuſual form, from the alz of the leaves, which falling off in 
the month of October, when the plant decays, produce young 
plants the enſuing ſpring. | 

As it is diſtinguiſhed from all the known ſpecies of Hy- 
machia by this circumſtance, we have named it bu/bifera inſtead 
of fria, under which it appears in the Hortus Kewenfts. 

Some Botaniſts, whoſe abilities we revere, are of opinion 
that the trivial names of plants, which are or ſhould be a kind 
of abridgment of the ſpecific character, ought very rarely or 
never to be changed: we are not for altering them capri- 
ciouſly on every trivial occaſion, but in ſuch a caſe as the 
preſent, where the ſcience is manifeſtly advanced by the 
alteration, it would ſurely have been criminal to have pre- 
ferred a name, barely expreſſive, to one which immediately 
identifies the plant. 

The Ly/imachia bulbifera is a hardy perennial, grows ſpon- 
taneouſly in boggy or ſwampy ground, and hence requires 
a moiſt ſoil, It flowers in Auguſt. 


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L 105 J 


TRAD]ͥEScANTIA VIRGINICA, VIRGINIAN 
TRADESCANTIA, or SPIDERWORT. 


COLE EE EEDE TELL EVE 
Claſs and Order. 
HEXAND RIA MONOGYNIA. 


Generic Character. 
Calyx triphyllus. Petala 3. Filamenta villis articulatis. Cap- 
ſula g- locularis. 


Specific Character and Synonyms. 
TRADESCANTIA Pirginica erefta lævis, floribus congeſtis. 
Linn. Syſt. Vegetab. ed. 14. Murr. p. 314. 
Sp. Pl. 411. 
ALLIUM five moly Virginianum. Baub. Pin. 506. 
PHALANGIUM Ephemerum Virginianum Joannis Tradeſ- 
cant. 


The ſoon-fading Spiderwort of Virginia, or Tradeſcant his 


Spiderwort. Park. Parad. 152. 5. . 151. J 4. 


—— 


Under the name of Spiderwort, the old Botaniſts arranged 
many plants of very different genera: the name is ſaid to 
have ariſen from the ſuppoſed efficacy of ſome of theſe 
plants, in curing the bite of a kind of ſpider, called Phalan- 
gium ; not the Phalangium of Linnzeus, which is known to 
be perfectly harmleſs: under this name, Paxxinson mi- 
nutely deſcribes it ; he mentions alſo, how he firſt obtained it. 

« This Spiderwort,” ſays our venerable author, “ is of late 
* knowledge, and for it the Chriſtian world is indebted unto 
* that painful, induſtrious ſearcher, John Tradeſcant, who 
* firſt received it of a friend that brought it out of Virginia, 
„and hath imparted hereof, as of many other things, both 
« to me and others.” | 

TouRNErORT afterwards gave it the name of Ephemerum, 
expreſſive of the ſhort duration of its flowers, which Lin- 
xEUs changed to Tradęſcantia. 

Though a native of Virgina, it bears the ſeverity of our 
climate uninjured, and being a beautiful, as well as hardy 
perennial, is found in almoſt every garden. 

Though each bloſſom laſts but a day, it has ſuch a pro- 
fuſion in ſtore, that it is ſeldom found without flowers through 
the whole of the ſummer. There are two varieties of it, the 
one with white the other with pale purple flowers. The moſt 
uſual way of propagating it is by parting its roots in autumn; 
to obtain varieties, we muſt ſow its ſeeds. 


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1 
IBERIS UMBELLATA, PURPLE CAN DY-Turr. 


3606 36363605 36 3-6-6236 43-03 tl 
Claſs and Order. 


TETRADYNAMIA SILICULOSA. 


Generic Character. 


Corolla irregularis: Petalis 2 exterioribus majoribus : Silicula 
polyſperma, emarginata. 


Specific Character and Synonyms. 


IBERIS umbellata herbacea, foliis lanceolatis, acuminatis, 
inferioribus ſerratis ; ſuperioribus integerrimis. 
Linn. Syſt. Veg. ed. 14. Murr. p. 589. Sp. Pl. p. go6. 

THLASPI . A. creticum, iberdais fo. b 

Pin. 106. 

DRABA S. Arabis S. Thlaſpi Candiæ. Dod. pempt. 71. 

THLASPI creticum umbellatum flore albo et purpureo. 

Candy-Tufts, white and purple. Park. Parad. p. 390. 


— —_— jw” EI * 


—_ — _ 


The Candy-Tuft is one of thoſe annuals which contribute 
generally to enliven the borders of the flower-garden: its 
uſual colour is a pale purple, there is alfo a white variety of 
it, and another with deep but very bright purple flowers, the 
moſt deſirable of the three, but where a garden is large enough 
to admit of it, all the varieties may be ſown. 

For want of due diſcrimination, as Mirz has before 
obſerved, Nurſerymen are apt to collect and mix with this 
ſpecies the ſeeds of another, viz. the amara, and which per- 
ſons not much ſkilled in plants conſider as the white variety; 
but a ſlight attention will diſcover it to be a very different 
plant, having ſmaller and longer heads, differing allo in the 
ſhape of its leaves and ſeed veſſels, ioo trifling a plant indeed 
to appear in the flower-garden. 

Purple Candy-Tuft is a native of the South of Europe, 
and flowers in June and July: it ſhould be ſown in the ſpring, 
on the borders of the flower-garden in patches ; - when the 
plants come up, a few only ſhould be left, as they will thereby 
become ſtronger, produce more flowers, and be of longer 


duration. 


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Cass1a CHAMKcRISTA. Dwarre Casst1a. 
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Claſs and Order. 


DEecCanDRIA MONOGYNIA. 


Generic Chara@er. 


Calyx g-phyllus. Petala 8. Anthere ſuperne g ſteriles; in- 
fimæ 3 roſtratæ. Legumen. 


Specific Character and Synonyms. 


CASSIA Gamæcriſta foliis multijugis, glandula petiolari pe- 
dicellata, ſtipulis enfiformibus. Linn. Syft. Vegetab. 


ed. 14. Murr. p. 394. Hort: Kew. p. 64. 


CHAM ZECRISTA pavonis major. Comm. Hort. 1. p. 53. 
1. 37. 


A native of the Weſt-Indies, and of Virginia according to 
Linnzus; not common in our gardens, though cultivated as 
long ago as 1699, by the Ducizss of BeaurorT; (vid. 
Hort. Kew.) unnoticed by MILLER. | 


This ſpecies, ſuperior in beauty to many of the genus, is 
an annual, and conſequently raiſed only from ſeeds, theſe 
muſt be ſown in the ſpring, on a hot-bed, and when large 
enough to tranſplant, placed ſeparately in pots of light loamy 
earth, then replunged into a moderate hot-bed to bring them 
forward, and in the month of June removed into a warm 
border, where, if the ſeaſon prove favourable, they will flower 
very well towards Auguſt; but, as ſuch ſeldom ripen their 
ſeeds, it will be proper to keep a few plants in the ſtove or 
greenhouſe for that purpoſe, otherwiſe the ſpecies may be 


loſt, 


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ANTHYLLIS TETRAPHYLLA. FouUR-LEAv'n 


LADIES-FINGER. 


$3436 dh oe rt 


Claſs and Order. 


DiADELPHIA DECANDRIA. 


Generic Character. 


Calyx ventricoſus. Legumen ſubrotundum, tectum. 


Specific Character and Synonyms. 


ANTHYLLIS Yetraphylla herbacea, foliis quaterno-pinnatis. 
Linn. Syft. Vegetab. ed. 14. Murr. p. 25. Hort. 
Kew. vol. 3. p. 25. 


LOTUS pentaphyllos veſicaria. Baub. Pin. 332. 
TRIFOLIUM halicacabum. Cam. Hort. 171. f. 47. 


An annual; the ſpontaneous growth of Spain, Italy, and 
Sicily, flowers in the open border in July, and ripens its ſeeds 
in September. 


Long ſince cultivated in our gardens, but more as a rare, 
or curious, than a beautiful plant. 1 


Its ſeeds are to be ſown in April, on a bed of light earth, 
where they are to remain; no other care is neceſſary than 
thinning them, and keeping them clear of weeds. 


