ELEVENTH  ANNUAL  REPORT 


OF  THE 

COMMITTEE  OF  VISITORS 

OE  THE 

COUNTY  LUNATIC  IASYLUI 


COLMEY  HATCH. 

JANUARY  QUARTER  SESSION,  1862. 


LONDON : 

PRINTED  BY  JOHN  THOMAS  NORRIS,  ALDERSGATE  STREEP. 

1862. 


fflU'b'bU&ey  Cotmtg  Utmattc 

COLNEY  HATCH. 

LIST  OF  THE  COMMITTEE  OF  VISITORS 

Appointed  January,  1861, 


HENRY  WARNER,  Esq.,  Chairman,  Priory,  Hornsey. 

B.  J.  ARMSTRONG,  Esq.,  7,  Upper  Wimpole  Street. 

J.  BAXENDALE,  Esq.,  Woodside,  Whetstone. 

W.  P.  BODKIN,  ESQ.,  Merton  Lane,  Highgate. 

J.  S.  BROOKING,  ESQ.,  3,  Hyde  Park  Square. 

E.  HALSWELL,  Esq.,  26,  Kensington  Gate. 

H.  W.  R ,  W.  HALSEY,  Esq.,  34,  Norfolk  Square,  Hyde  Park. 
E.  HEALEY,  Esq.,  7,  Euston  Grove,  Euston  Square. 

W.  HOWARD,  Esq.,  7,  Newmarket  Terrace,  Cambridge  Heath. 
H.  M.  KEMSHEAD,  Esq.,  Westbourne  Park,  Paddington. 

J.  MARSHALL,  Esq,,  Wildwood,  Hampstead. 

W.  SIMPSON,  Esq.,  11,  Artillery  Place,  Finsbury  Square. 

W.  STUTFIELD,  ESQ.,  Hildersham  Rookery,  Cambridge. 

G.  SUMMERS,  Esq.,  3,  Gloucester  Crescent,  Regent’s  Park. 

J.  J.  TANNER,  Esq.,  Upper  Clapton. 

P.  TWELLS,  Esq.,  Stoke  Newington. 

C.  WOODWARD,  Esq.,  10,  Compton  Terrace,  Islington. 

W.  H.  WYATT,  ESQ-,  1,  Harrington  Square. 


TABLE  OF  CONTENTS. 


Page 

Report  of  Committee  of  Visitors  .  .  .  .  .  .5 

APPENDICES  TO  REP  OPT/ 

A.  Details  of  New  Arrangement  of  Male  Staff  ...  13 

B.  Entry  of  Commissioners  in  Lunacy  at  their  Visit  of  Inspection,  and  Corre¬ 

spondence  thereon  .  .  .  .  ,  .20 

C.  Contract  prices  of  Provisions,  &c. .  ....  43 

D.  Abstract  and  Summary  of  the  Returns  of  the  number  of  Pauper  Lunatics 

chargeable  to  the  County,  and  Parishes  in  the  County  .  .  .44 

E.  The  Accounts  of  the  Asylum  for  the  Year  .  .  .  „  47 


1. — Account  Current  .  . 

2— Balance  Sheet  . 

3.  — Income  and  Expenditure  . 

4.  — Victoria  Fund  Account 


F.  List  of  Officers  and  Servants,  with  their  Salaries  and  Wages  .  .50 

G.  Return  of  Admissions,  Discharges,  and  Deaths  in  1861  0  *  53 

H.  Ditto  ditto  from  the  opening  of  the  Asylum  ,  .  .54 

I.  Dietary  for  the  Patients  ......  55 

K.  Account  of  Additions,  Alterations  and  Improvements  .  .  .66 


REPORTS  FROM  THE  OFFICERS. 


1.  — Report  from  the  Superintendent  of  the  Male  Department 

Medical  Tables,  Male  Department  .  .  . 

2. — Report  from  the  Superintendent  of  the  Female  Department 

Medical  Tables,  Female  Department  ,  ,  . 

3. — Steward’s  Report  .  .  .  ,  , 

Farm  and  Garden  Accounts  .... 
Employment  of  Male  Patients  in  Tailor’s  Shop  . 

„  „  in  Shoemaker’s  Shop  . 

Return  of  Provisions  consumed  during  the  Year  , 

4.  — Chaplain’s  Report  .  ,  t  ,  . 


.  57 
64 
.  83 
89 
.  104 
108 
.  110 
111 
.  112 
114 


V. 

V- 


. 


' 

* 


TO  HER  MAJESTY’S  JUSTICES  OF  THE  PEACE 
for  the  County  of  Middlesex,  in  General 
Quarter  Session  assembled. 


THE  ELEVENTH  REPORT  of  the  COM¬ 
MITTEE  of  VISITORS  of  the  COUNTY 
LUNATIC  ASYLUM  at  COLNE Y  HATCH . 

At  the  close  of  another  year,  it  becomes  the  duty  of  your 
Committee  to  submit  their  Annual  Report  of  the  state  and 
condition  of  the  Asylum,  its  sufficiency  for  the  proper  accom¬ 
modation  of  the  number  of  Lunatics  for  whom  it  is  requisite 
to  provide  accommodation,  and  as  to  the  management  of  the 
Asylum,  the  conduct  of  the  Officers  and  Servants,  the 
care  of  the  Patients,  and  such  other  matters  in  relation 
thereto  as  it  may  be  desirable  to  remark  upon. 

To  proceed,  therefore,  in  order,  your  Committee  have  to 
report,  that  the  Building  and  Offices  are  in  good  repair ; 
many  improvements  have  been  carried  out,  as  will  be  found 
detailed  in  the  Appendix.  The  Lava  floors  originally  laid 
down  in  six  of  the  Wards  have  been  taken  up,  and  Wooden 
flooring  substituted,  much  to  the  comfort  of  the  Patients,  and 
the  improvement  of  the  Wards,  in  regard  to  both  light  and 


6 


warmth.  This  work  has  been  completed  at  a  cost  of 
1,728/.  Os.  3 d.,  being  less  than  the  2,000/.  granted  by  the 
Court  by  271/.  19s.  9 d. ;  and  your  Committee  recommend 
that  they  be  authorized  by  the  Court  to  make  Orders  upon 
the  County  Treasurer  for  the  appropriation  of  this  surplus 
to  defray  the  cost  of  additional  single  rooms  found  to  be 
absolutely  necessary  for  the  Laundry  Ward.  Much  progress 
has  been  made  in  the  improvement  and  cultivation  of  the 
Grounds  and  Airing-Courts.  At  the  breaking  up  of  the 
severe  frost  last  winter,  many  heavy  repairs  were  found 
necessary,  and  they  have  been  effected  with  economy,  and 
under  the  average  yearly  -cost  of  repairs. 

The  Asylum  has,  hitherto,  been  adequate  for  the  accom¬ 
modation  of  the  Lunatics  requiring  admission ;  but  in  the 
Female  Department  there  are  at  present  only  37  vacant 
beds :  the  accommodation  in  the  Male  Department  is  still 
ample,  there  being  on  that  side  107  vacancies;  the  number 
of  Patients  now  in  the  Asylum  is  1,868,  viz.,  754  Males,  and 
1,114  Females. 

The  conduct  of  the  Officers  and  Servants  has  been  generally 
very  good.  Some  exceptions  have,  however,  occurred,  the 
most  flagrant  of  which  have  been  cases  of  assault  upon 
Patients,  in  the  Male  Department,  by  Attendants ;  and  the 
Committee,  after  due  inquiry,  have  been  compelled  to  dis¬ 
miss  four  Male  Attendants  for  such  misconduct.  These  men 
were  young  Officers,  either  on  probation,  or  but  recently 
confirmed  in  their  appointments  ;  and  although  their  offences 
were  such  as  to  demand  their  dismissal,  it  did  not  appear 
necessary  in  any  of  the  cases  to  punish  them  further. 

Mr.  Tyerman,  the  Medical  Superintendent  of  the  Male 


7 


Department,  haying  communicated  to  the  Committee,  in  May 
last,  his  intention  to  retire  at  the  end  of  the  year,  your 
Committee  took  steps  to  supply  his  place ;  and,  out  of  a 
considerable  number  of  Candidates,  haye  elected  Dr.  Edgar 
Sheppard,  who  commenced  his  duties  as  Superintendent  on 
the  1st  instant;  and  your  Committee  trust  that  he  will  be 
found  an  able  and  efficient  officer. 

Mr.  Hargood,  one  of  the  Assistant  Medical  Officers  in  the 
Male  Department,  resigned  his  appointment  in  July  last; 
and  your  Committee,  in  consequence  of  arrangements  then 
made  for  the  reconstruction  of  the  Male  Staff,  which  will  be 
hereafter  detailed,  deemed  it  advisable  not  to  fill  up  the 
vacancy.  They  are  quite  satisfied  that  a  Medical  Superin¬ 
tendent,  with  one  Assistant,  and  with  the  aid  of  the 
Dispenser,  will  be  found  an  amply  sufficient  Medical  Staff 
for  the  requirements  of  the  Male  Department. 

Mr.  Ferguson,  one  of  the  Assistant  Medical  Officers  in  the 
Female  Department,  also  resigned  his  appointment  in 
August  last ;  and  the  Committee  haye  appointed  Mr.  G.  R. 
Irvine  to  fill  the  vacancy. 

The  health  of  the  Patients  has  been  generally  good ;  they 
have  been  again,  fortunately,  free  from  epidemics,  and  their 
comforts  have  been  in  all  respects  carefully  attended  to. 
Two  deaths,  occasioned  by  violence,  have  occurred  in  the 
Male  Department,  into  the  circumstances  attending  each  of 
which  your  Committee  made  careful  inquiry  at  the  time. 
The  first,  in  order  of  time,  was  the  case  of  Samuel  May,  a 
Patient  who  died  in  April  last,  after  a  few  days’  illness  ;  and 
who,  before  his  death,  stated  that  he  had  been  ill-used  by 
other  Patients  in  his  Ward.  Every  attention  was  paid  to  him 


8 


during  his  illness ;  and  it  appearing  upon  a  post  mortem 
examination  of  the  body  that  the  sternum  and  some  of  the 
ribs  had  been  fractured,  the  Coroner  was  requested  to  hold 
an  Inquest  on  the  body ;  and  the  Committee  also  instituted 
an  inquiry,  and  availed  themselves  of  the  services  of  Mr. 
Solly,  the  Surgeon  of  St.  Thomas’s  Hospital,  to  assist  Mr. 
Tyerman  in  the  investigation.  The  verdict  returned  by  the 
Coroner’s  Jury  was  “  That  the  deceased  died  of  exhaustion 
“  from  mental  disease,  accelerated  by  fractures  ofthe  ribs,  by 
“  what  means  occasioned  there  was  no  evidence  before  the 
“  Jurors  to  show.” 

To  this  verdict  the  Jury  attached  a  recommendation,  “  That 
“  the  Committee  of  Visitors  should  employ  a  larger  number 
“  of  Attendants  in  the  several  Wards,  being  convinced  that 
“  their  number  is  at  present  too  limited  effectually  to  take 
“  charge  of  the  very  numerous  Patients  in  the  Asylum.” 

The  other  case  was  that  of  Joseph  Bigg,  an  imbecile 
Patient,  who  was  found  strangled  in  the  Ward.  In  this  case 
an  Inquest  was  held,  and  the  Jury  returned  a  verdict  of 
“  Death  by  strangulation,  caused  by  a  handkerchief  placed 
round  the  neck  by  some  person  or  persons  unknown.” 

To  this  verdict  the  following  remark  was  annexed : — 
“  The  Jury  wish  to  express  their  hope  that,  in  future,  the 
“  instructions  of  Mr.  Tyerman  for  the  dispersion  of  the 
“  Attendants  throughout  the  Wards  of  which  they  have 
“  charge,  will  be  more  carefully  carried  into  effect.” 

From  the  inquiry  instituted  by  your  Committee,  it  ap¬ 
peared  that  the  Patient  must  have  been  attacked  and  stran¬ 
gled  in  the  dusk  of  the  afternoon,  while  in  the  Ward  with 


9 


forty  other  Patients  and  four  Attendants ;  and  there  *?as 
little  doubt,  if  any,  that  the  deed  had  been  done  by  another 
Patient  of  the  same  Ward,  who  had  not  previously  shown 
any  homicidal  tendencies.  The  Attendants  appeared  to  have 
been  performing  their  respective  duties  in  the  Ward  at  the 
time  ;  and  it  seems  probable  that  the  Patient  suspected 
watched  his  opportunity,  and  availed  himself  of  the  time  of 
day  and  the  position  of  the  Patient  at  the  end  of  the  Ward  to 
commit  the  act.  Your  Committee  were  unable  to  find  that, 
in  this  instance,  the  Attendants  ivere  amenable  to  the  com¬ 
plaint  of  neglecting  to  spread  themselves  about  the  Ward  ; 
and  both  these  cases  appear  to  be.  in  some  measure,  the 
result  of  the  unlimited  practice  of  a  system  of  non-restraint, 
from  the  exercise  of  which,  at  times,  the  most  careful 
supervision  is  not  sufficient  totally  to  guard  against  such  unfor¬ 
tunate  casualties. 

It  appearing  to  the  Committee,  in  the  course  of  the  inquiry 
into  the  first-mentioned  case,  that  it  was  highly  desirable  to 
establish  a  more  trustworthy  system  of  supervision  in  the 
Male  Wards,  and  that  it  was  very  expedient  to  procure  the 
services  of  a  class  of  persons  superior  to  the  generality  of 
Ward  Attendants,  with  more  responsibility  and  at  a  higher 
rate  of  remuneration,  they  arranged  a  plan,  after  very  careful 
consideration,  which  has  now  been  in  operation  for  the  last 
six  months  with  very  satisfactory  results. 

Only  one  serious  casualty  has  taken  place  during  that 
period ;  and,  although  this  plan  has  led  to  some  increased 
expenditure,  your  Committee  believe  that  they  have  an  ample 
return  in  the  constant  watchfulness  exercised  by  superior 
Officers  over  the  ordinary  Ward  Attendants,  and  in  the 
consequently  greater  comfort  and  kinder  treatment  of  the 


10 


Patients.  The  details  of  the  plan  referred  to  are  given  in  the 
Appendix,  and  the  Committee  confine  themselves  here  to  an 
outline  of  it. 

The  Male  Department  is  presided  over  by  the  Medical 
Superintendent,  aided  by  the  Assistant  Medical  Officer,  and 
is  divided  into  Two  Divisions,  over  each  of  which  is  an  In¬ 
spector,  whose  duty  it  is  to  see  that  all  the  orders  of  the 
Medical  Superintendent  and  the  General  Regulations  of  the 
Committee  are  duly  observed.  Each  Division  is  sub-divided 
into  three  Sections,  with  a  Head  Attendant  over  each,  whose 
duty  it  is  to  be  constantly  passing  through  the  Wards  and 
Airing  Court  of  his  Section,  for  the  purpose  of  observing  the 
conduct  of  the  Attendants,  their  attention  to  duty,  their  care 
of  the  Patients,  and  their  proper  obedience  to  orders.  The 
Attendants  consist  of  three  classes — Attendants  having  the 
charge  of  Separate  Wards  ;  Night  Watchers  (both  of  which 
classes  have  a  higher  scale  of  wages) ;  and  common  Ward 
Attendants  and  Supernumeraries.  There  are  also,  occasion¬ 
ally,  Special  Attendants  for  particular  Patients,  and  the  Staff 
of  Attendants  has  been  somewhat  increased,  it  having  been 
thought  most  desirable  that  no  Ward  containing  Patients  of 
a  violent  character  should  be  left,  at  any  time,  without  at 
least  two  Attendants  in  it;  audit  has  thus  become  neces¬ 
sary  to  add  to  the  number  of  Attendants  in  such  Wards. 

In  the  early  part  of  the  year,  some  correspondence  took 
place,  between  the  Authorities  of  the  City  of  London  and 
your  Committee,  on  the  subject  of  providing  accommodation, 
in  this  Asylum,  for  about  200  Patients  belonging  to  the  City; 
and  a  meeting  of  your  Committee,  with  a  Deputation  from 
the  Aldermen  and  Common  Council  of  London,  was  held; 
but  it  was  found  that  it  would  be  quHe  impracticable  to 


11 


•  furnish  such  accommodation  for  the  City  as  was  required. 
The  present  large  number  of  Patients  in  the  Asylum  proves 
that  the  result  then  arrived  at  was  the  correct  one. 

The  Sewage  from  the  Asylum  has  again  become  a  matter  of 
complaint  from  the  inhabitants  of  the  neighbourhood.  It 
may  probably  become  necessary,  at  some  future  time,  to  bring 
the  subject  again  before  the  Court. 

It  may  be  found  necessary,  by  the  new  Committee  to  be 
now  appointed  by  the  Court,  to  apply  for  a  grant  of  money 
towards  the  cost  of  improved  Ventilation  in  some  of  the 
Wards,  and  for  the  completion  of  the  Walk  round  the 
grounds.. 

During  the  past  year,  your  Committee  have  appropriated 
the  sum  of  300/.,  out  of  the  400/.  to  which  they  are  limited 
annually  for  expenditure  in  improvements,  to  the  purchase 
of  one  of  Stevens’s  patent  Dough-making  Machines.  This  has 
been  in  full  working  order  for  some  weeks,  and  they  are  able 
to  report  satisfactorily  of  its  efficiency  ;  not  only  is  the  bread 
very  much  better  mixed  by  its  use,  but  an  increased  yield  of 
four  loaves  is  obtained  from  every  sack  of  flour. 

The  Commissioners  in  Lunacy  made  their  yearly  visit  to 
the  Asylum  on  the  19th,  20th,  and  21st  December  last,  and 
the  entry  made  by  them  in  the  Visitors’  Book,  together  with 
the  Correspondence  thereon,  are  appended  to  this  Report,  for 
the  information  of  the  Court. 

Your  Committee  are  able  to  report  that,  notwithstanding 
the  increased  cost  of  provisions  generally,  they  have  been 
able  to  keep  the  weekly  rate  of  maintenance  for  Middlesex 


12 


Patients  at  9s.  1  Id.  per  head  per  week  ;  and  they  assure  the 
Court  that  every  kind  of  economy  in  the  expenditure  con¬ 
sistent  with  the  welfare  of  the  Patients  is  strictly  enforced. 

Many  Patients  have  been  exchanged  with  the  1 1  an  well 
Asylum ;  and  both  Committees,  in  making  these  exchanges, 
have  endeavoured  to  draft  off  those  belonging  to  parishes  in 
the  district  surrounding  the  Asylum  to  which  they  were 
removed,  so  as  to  afford  all  possible  facilities  to  the  parochial 
authorities  and  the  friends  of  the  Patients  to  visit  them. 

The  Reports  of  the  Medical  Superintendents,  and  the 
Medical  Tables,  together  with  the  usual  Reports  from  the 
Chaplain  and  Steward,  and  the  different  Official  Returns,  are 
annexed,  in  which  the  Medical  and  Domestic  History  of  the 
Establishment  will  be  found  fully  detailed. 

The  Members  of  the  Committee  who  will  retire,  pursuant 
to  the  Standing  Orders  of  the  Court,  are  Messrs,  Armstrong, 
Baxendale,  Brooking,  Kemshead,  Marshall,  and  Warner. 

All  which  is  submitted,  &c. 

HENRY  WARNER, 

Chairman . 

Colney  Hatch  Asy7um, 

1 6th  January ,  1862. 


I 


13 


APPENDIX  A. 


ARRANGEMENTS  AND  DETAILS  FOR  THE  DIVI¬ 
SION  AND  MANAGEMENT  OF  THE  WARDS  IN 
THE  MALE  DEPARTMENT. 

To  Commence  on  the  of  July,  1861. 


The  Department  to  be  divided  into  Two  Divisions,  to  be 
called  the  (A)  and  (B)  Divisions,  and  sub-divided  into  Six 
Sections,  to  be  numbered  from  I.  to  VI. 

Each  Division  to  be  under  an  Inspector;  Mr.  Ford  for  the 
A,  Mr.  Aggas  for  the  B,  who  will  in  future  wear  Uniform. 

Each  Section  to  be  specially  attended  to  by  a  Head 
Attendant.  These  Sections  are  as  under 

(A)  DIVISON. 

Section  I. — Nos.  1,  4,  5  Wards,  with  one  Airing  Court. 
Head  Attendant,  H.  Fleming. 

Section  II. — Nos.  2,  3,  6  and  9  Wards,  with  one  Airing 
Court.  Head  Attendant,  S,  Rawson. 

Section  III. — Nos.  7,  8  and  10  Wards  and  Juvenile 
Ward,  with  one  Airing  Court  as  now  altered.  Head  Atten¬ 
dant,  George  Blofield. 


14 


(B)  DIVISION. 

Section  IV. — Wards  12,  13  and  B  3,  with  one  Airing 
Court.  Head  Attendant,  W.  H.  Cowley. 

Section  V. — Wards  B  2  and  14,  with  one  Airing  Court, 
Head  Attendant,  J.  Gearing. 

Section  VI. — Wards  11  and  D,  with  one  Airing  Court. 
Head  Attendant,  J.  Foulsham. 

The  Inspectors  and  Head  Attendants  will  be  under  the 
directions  of  the  Medical  Superintendent  and  his  Assistant ; 
the  Head  Attendants  being  immediately  under  the  direc¬ 
tions  of  the  Inspectors. 

The  Regulations  for  the  Attendants  as  to  rank,  promotion, 
and  leave  of  absence,  are  annexed. 

The  number  of  the  Supernumerary  Attendants  will  be  in¬ 
creased  to  five,  and  the  duties  will  be  in  future  as  follows  : — 

Attendance  during  the  day  on  Ward  B  1. 

Relieving  Wards. 

Removing  bodies  of  Deceased  Patients  to  Dead-house. 

Assisting  post-mortem  Examinations. 

Attending  to  the  Funerals. 

The  duties  of  Undertaker  and  Messenger  will  cease  to  be 
performed  by  an  officer  specially  appointed  for  that  purpose, 
and  the  officer  now  acting  as  such  will  be  one  of  the  five 
Supernumeraries  ;  the  duties  of  Undertaker  to  be  performed 
by  a  Supernumerary.  The  duty  of  taking  Letters  to  and  from 
the  post,  and  their  collection  and  delivery,  will  be  re-arranged 
in  the  following  manner : — 


15 


Letters  received  at  the  gate  to  be  brought  down  to  the 
office  by  the  Gate-porter ;  they  will  be  sorted  in  the  office., 
and  the  Letters  for  the  Male  Department  will  be  sent  to  the 
Inspectors’  Office,  from  whence  they  must  be  delivered  out 
as  shall  be  arranged  by  the  Inspectors. 

Boxes  will  be  supplied  to  each  residence  for  reception  of 
Letters  addressed  to  officers. 

Letters  for  post  to  be  sent  either  to  the  Clerk’s  Office  or 
to  the  Upper  Gate,  where  a  Box  will  be  placed  for  their 
deposit. 

The  Wards  lately  called  1  and  2  Infirmaries  are  to  be  for 
the  future  converted  into  one  Ward ;  the  Upper  floor  to  be 
for  sleeping  accommodation,  and  the  Lower  for  occupation 
by  day.  All  boys  of  unobjectionable  habits  and  a  few  of  the 
adult  Patients,  to  be  selected  by  the  Medical  Superintendent, 
will  be  placed  in  this  Ward ;  two  Attendants  only  will  be 
required  for  this  Ward,  and  the  other  two  will  be  transferred, 
one  or  both  (as  may  be  required)  becoming  Supernumerary. 
The  rest  of  the  boys,  whose  condition  or  habits  will  not 
make  it  desirable  to  mix  with  the  better  class,  are  to  be 
placed  in  one  other  Ward  only,  to  be  selected  by  the  Medical 
Superintendent. 

Each  Head  Attendant  is  to  be  lodged  in  some  room  in  his 
own  Section ;  such  of  the  Second  Class  Attendants  as  shall 
be  found  to  require  accommodation  elsewhere  are  to  be 
lodged  in  the  centre. 

Memorandum. — One  of  the  Supernumeraries  who  can 
write  well  is  to  be  employed  in  assisting  the  Inspectors  at 
Desk  Work. 


16 


The  Head  Attendants  will  be  distinguished  by  different 
Uniform,  and  by  the  Number  of  the  Section  embroidered  on 
their  Caps. 

The  First  Class  Attendants  will  be  numbered  from  ”11 
upwards. 

The  Second  Class  Attendants  will  be  numbered  from  41 
upwards. 

The  present  allowance  of  three  pounds  of  Tobacco  weekly 
for  distribution  among  the  Patients  not  employed  in  the 
shops,  works  or  grounds,  will  be  discontinued ;  tobacco 
required  for  such  Patients  is  to  be  ordered  by  the  Medical 
Superintendent,  solely  on  medical  grounds,  and  inserted  on 
the  Sick  and  Extra-Diet  Lists,  and  no  Smoking  is  to  be 
allowed  in  the  Wards  without  special  medical  orders  in 
writing. 

The  Six  Wards  to  which  the  Working  Patients  who  wear 
Corduroy  Clothing  are  to  be  classified,  will  be  selected  by 
the  Medical  Superintendent  with  the  least  possible  delay. 

B  1  Dormitory  to  be  used  as  a  Dormitory  for  Working 
Patients  ;  and  the  Third  Night  Watch  is  to  confine  his  atten¬ 
tion  solely  to  that  Dormitory  from  Eight  p.m.  till  Six  a.m., 
having  relief  from  a  reserve  man,  as  already  notified,  during 
the  time  he  goes  to  supper, 

C  Spur  is  added  to  No.  5  Ward. 

After  Mr.  Hargood  leaves,  Dr.  Tucker  will  be  the  only 
Assistant  Medical  Officer  in  the  Male  Department. 


17 


A  Book  is  to  be  kept  in  each  Ward,  in  which  the  follow¬ 
ing  Officers  are  requested  to  sign  their  names  at  each  visit, 
viz. : — 

Medical  Superintendent,  and  his  Assistant. 
Chaplain. 

Steward,  and  his  Assistant.  ""V 
Clerk  of  Asylum. 

Clerk  of  Works. 

Inspector  of  Division. 


Middlesex  County  Asylum ,  Colney  Hatch . 

NOTICE  TO  THE  WARD  ATTENDANTS  AND  NIGHT 
WATCH  IN  THE  MALE  DEPARTMENT. 

On  the  1st  of  July  next  the  Committee  of  Visitors  intend 
to  commence  several  alterations  in  the  arrangements  and 
discipline  of  the  Wards,  and  they  trust  that  the  Ward 
Attendants  will  exert  themselves  in  carrying  the  same  into 
effect. 

1.  As  to  the  Attendants . — All  Candidates  on  probation  to 
be  for  the  first  month  put  into  training,  and  a  report  made 
as  to  their  capability.  If  confirmed  in  their  appointments  at 
the  end  of  three  months,  they  will  be  ranked  as  Second 
Class  Attendants,  and  have  their  uniform. 

Tbe  Attendants  having  charge  of  Wards  will  be  called 
First  Class  Attendants.  The  promotion  to  this  Class  will  no 
longer  be  by  seniority,  but  for  efficiency,  good  conduct,  and 


18 


competent  education.  All  Attendants  promoted  will  be  on 
probation  for  three  months,  and,  if  confirmed  at  the  end  of 
that  time,  will  be  entitled  to  the  rise  of  51.  a-year  in  their 
wages  as  now  given  to  Attendants  in  charge,  from  the  date 
of  confirmation.  Alterations  will  be  made  in  the  uniforms 
to  distinguish  the  Classes. 

The  Night  Watches  will  rank  as  First  Class  Attendants, 
and  the  quarterly  gratuities  will  cease. 

2.  As  to  Leave  of  Absence.- — The  Single  Men  will  be 
allowed  to  go  out  every  night,  except  when  on  reserve,  after 
the  Patients’  bed-time,  until  10  o’clock;  they  will  each  have 
a  day’s  holiday,  according  to  a  list  to  be  kept,  once  in  a 
month.  The  Married  Men  will  also  be  allowed  to  sleep  out 
any  (or  every)  night,  returning  by  6  a.m.  ;  and  those  whose 
wives  live  in  London,  or  at  a  distance,  may  leave,  by  special 
permission,  on  one  night  each  week,  at  6  o’clock,  returning 
next  morning  at  7.  For  the  Reserve,  six  Second  Class  and 
three  First  Class  Attendants,  and  one  Head  Attendant,  will 
be  required  nightly,  and  these  will  take  the  duty  in  turns. 

3.  As  to  the  Wards. — The  present  Head  Attendants  will 
be  called  Ward  Inspectors.  The  Male  Department  will  be 
divided  into  Six  Sections,  over  each  of  which  a  Head 
Attendant  will  be  appointed,  wdio  will  constantly  perambulate 
the  Wards  and  Airing  Court  attached,  and  see  that  the  same 
are  properly  attended  to  .  No  Ward  is  to  be  left  without  at 
least  two  Attendants  between  6  a.m.  and  8  p.m.  A  Book  is 
to  be  kept  in  each  Ward  in  which  the  Officers  visiting  the 
Ward  will  sign  their  names,  and  the  Evening  Reports  will  be 
made  out  in  this  book,  and  a  copy  sent  to  the  Head  Atten¬ 
dant  of  the  Section. 


19 


The  Manual  of  Duties  will  shortly  be  revised,  and  the 
Attendants  are  requested  carefully  to  study  it,  and  abide  by 
its  directions;  as,  for  the  future,  promotion  will  be  the 
reward  of  good  conduct  and  attention,  united  with  efficiency. 

By  Order  of  the  Committee, 

JOHN  S.  SKAIFE, 

Clerk . 

t 


1 1th  June ,  1861 . 


20 


APPENDIX  B. 


I. 

ENTRY  OF  COMMISSIONERS  IN  LUNACY 
AT  THEIR  VISIT. 


Colney  Hatch  Asylum, 

21  st  December ,  1861. 

On  the  19th  and  20th  instant,  and  this  day,  we  have  visited 
this  Asylum,  inspected  its  several  Wards,  Offices,  Workshops 
and  Premises,  and  seen  all  the  Patients  resident  therein. 

Since  the  last  visit,  on  the  19th  July  1860,  the  changes  in 
the  Patients  have  been  as  under — 


M.  F.  Total. 

Admitted  .  338  ..  360  ..  698 

Discharged  . . .  141  . .  283  . .  424 

„  of  whom  recovered. ...  100  . .  114  . .  214 
Died  .  167  ..  110  ..  277 


With  the  exception  of  one  death  caused  by  violence,  into 
which  inquiry  was  made  by  the  Committee,  and  the  circum¬ 
stances  of  which  have  been  the  subject  of  much  correspond¬ 
ence  with  our  Board,  the  deaths  have  been  from  ordinary 
causes,  chiefly  Phthisis,  Apoplexy,  and  General  Paralysis, 

The  Patients  now  on  the  books  of  the  Asylum  are  in 
number  1 ,861 ,  being,  on  theMale  side,  755,  and  on  the  Female, 


21 


1,106;  all  of  whom,  excepting  two  Males,  one  escaped  and 
one  absent  on  trial,  and  four  Females  at  present  on  trial,  we 
have  personally  exa  mined. 

The  only  employment  of  restraint  since  the  last  visit  has 
been  in  the  case  of  one  Female  Patient,  for  surgical  reasons. 

The  amount  of  Seclusion  on  the  Male  side  continues  as 
heretofore.  On  the  Female  side,  a  large  increase  appears 
during  the  last  six  months  over  the  number  in  the  twelve 
preceding;  the  return  in  the  first  twelve  being  302,  and  in 
the  last  six  503 ;  but  this  increase  would  seem  to  have  arisen 
from  the  overcrowding  occasioned  during  the  substitution  of 
boarded  for  asphalte  floors  in  four  of  the  Female  Wards, 

The  number  of  those  employed  on  one  of  the  days  of  our 
visit  were  returned  as  811,  being  335  in  the  Male,  and  476 
in  the  Female  Division.  The  proportion  of  useful  employ¬ 
ments  comprised  in  the  returns,  however,  appears  to  be  small. 
Upon  inquiry  we  find,  that  the  boots  and  shoes  made  are 
almost  exclusively  those  of  canvas  and  cloth,  used  in  the 
Wards,  and  that  a  considerable  quantity  of  Men’s  Clothing  is 
still  contracted  for.  We  are  of  opinion  that  many  more 
Patients  might  be  instructed  as  Tailors,  Shoemakers,  Basket 
and  Mat  Makers,  in  Upholstery  Departments,  and  in  other 
ways ;  that  a  much  larger  number  might,  with  advantage,  be 
employed  upon  the  land,  in  constructing  walks  and  improving 
the  Airing  Courts,  and  that  a  great  proportion  of  the  Females 
now  without  any  employment  whatever,  might  be  occupied 
in  knitting  Stockings,  Straw-plaiting,  Netting,  &c. 

The  attendances  at  Chapel  appear  very  small  in  proportion 
to  the  number  in  the  Asylum  ;  but  they  are  limited  by  the  size 


22 


of  the  building  itself,  which  is  wholly  inadequate  to  an  Insti¬ 
tution  of  this  vast  magnitude. 

The  arrangements  for  Out-door  Exercise  are  still  incom¬ 
plete,  in  consequence  of  the  state  of  the  proposed  walk  round 
the  boundary,  which  ought  now  to  be  finished  without  fur¬ 
ther  delay.  This  is  a  subject  requiring  immediate  attention, 
several  of  the  Patients  in  the  worst  Wards  of  both  Divisions 
having,  at  present,  few  opportunities  of  getting  beyond  their 
Airing  Courts.  Generally,  throughout  the  Female  Division, 
noise  and  excitement  prevailed  to  a  very  considerable  extent, 
and,  though  this  may  have  been  partly  occasioned  by  our 
visit,  it  was  in  a  much  greater  degree  attributable  to  the 
utter  absence  of  means  for  engaging  the  attention  of  the 
Patients,  interesting  them  in  any  occupation  or  amusement, 
or  affording  them  a  sufficient  variety  of  exercise  out  of  doors. 
Besides  a  large  number  crouching  on  the  floors,  many  were  in 
or  upon  their  beds,  some  for  very  trivial  causes,  and  some  as 
if  they  had  merely  sought  relief  there  from  the  noise  and 
monotony  of  the  Galleries. 

A  return  made  in  the  Laundry,  on  one  of  the  days  of  our 
visit,  of  what  is  called  the  “  Casual  Dirty  Linen  ”  of  the 
previous  day,  showed  528  articles  from  the  Male  Wards,  and 
495  from  the  Female  ;  a  disproportion,  considering  the  rela¬ 
tive  numbers  of  the  sexes,  that  should  suggest  inquiry  into 
the  causes  on  the  part  of  the  Medical  Superintendents.  The 
management  of  the  Laundry  we  found  to  be  generally  effi¬ 
cient,  but  the  proportion  of  paid  Laundry  Maids  is  too  large, 
and  it  would  be  an  advantage,  we  think,  to  effect  such  a  re¬ 
duction  in  this  respect  as  might  enable  paid  assistance  to  be 
afforded  to  the  Superintendent. 


23 


A  new  and  better  Dress,  we  were  glad  to  observe,  bas 
been  introduced  for  several  of  the  orderly  Male  Patients,  but 
we  found  in  use  among  the  demented,  destructive,  and  dirty 
class,  very  unsightly  brown  frocks,  with  locked  leather  belts, 
which  we  recommend  to  be  entirely  discontinued.  The 
clothing  of  many  of  the  women  is  much  worn,  and  the  mate¬ 
rial  poor  in  quality,  and  deficient  in  warmth.  A  greater 
variety  of  a  warmer  kind  ought  to  be  provided,  and  the 
selection  of  it,  as  well  as  the  mode  of  making  up,  ought  to  be 
left  solely  to  the  Matrons,  subject  to  the  Medical  Officer’s 
approval. 

Means  and  opportunities  of  amusement  are  extremely  de¬ 
ficient  throughout  the  Asylum  As  we  passed  through  both 
Divisions,  we  observed  in  some  Wards  a  complete  absence  of 
Books  of  a  cheerful  kind,  and  a  great  want  of  cheap  amus¬ 
ing  Periodicals  and  Newspapers.  We  were  informed  that 
since  the  last  visit,  the  supply  of  Publications  of  the  latter 
description  had  been  somewhat  increased,  but,  on  subse¬ 
quently  examining  the  list  of  all  that  are  now  taken  in,  we 
found  it  totally  inadequate  to  the  supply  required  for  so  large 
a  number  of  Patients.  Immediate  attention  should  be  given 
to  this ;  and  any  arrangement  making  it  a  part  of  the  regular 
daily  duty  of  Inspectors  and  Head  Attendants  in  both  Divi¬ 
sions,  to  read  for  a  time  to  Patients  in  each  Ward,  would 
have  a  most  beneficial  effect.  In  the  Female  Division,  a 
Weekly  Entertainment  is  given  in  one  of  the  Dining  Halls, 
but  no  similar  provision  is  made  for  the  Men  ;  and,  excepting 
upon  one  occa  sion  in  each  year,  the  general  Recreation  Hall 
is  never  used  for  assembling  the  two  sexes  for  purposes  of 
recreation. 

We  have  to  state,  with  much  satisfaction,  that,  since  the 


24 


last  visit,  all  the  asphalte  floors  in  the  Wards,  two  in  the 
Male  and  four  in  the  Female  Division,  have  been  removed 
and  replaced  by  boards,  a  change  contributing  greatly  to  the 
health  and  comfort  of  the  Patients, 

Several  of  the  W ards  of  both  Divisions  in  the  old  block  are 
very  dark  and  gloomy  towards  the  centre,  and  it  seems  to  ns 
that  the  removal  of  the  walls  of  the  respective  associated 
Dormitories  opposite  to  recesses,  and  enlargement  of  the 
windows,  would  remedy  a  defect  which  cannot  but  have  a 
depressing  influence  on  the  inmates  of  these  Wards.  Though 
some  change  has  of  late  been  made,  by  placing  on  the  walls 
a  coloured  instead  of  a  wdiite  wash,  and  one  Day -room  has 
been  papered,  the  Wards,  generally,  have  still  a  very  comfort¬ 
less  look,  and  if  the  recesses  were  papered  throughout,  and 
the  general  monotony  relieved  by  a  greater  variety  of  colour, 
the  Patients  would  derive  much  advantage  from  the  addi¬ 
tional  cheerfulness.  Many  more  objects  should  also  be  placed 
in  these  Wards  to  attract  attention  and  interest.  Everywhere 
there  is  a  deficiency  of  comfortable  and  ordinary  domestic 
furniture  :  backed  seats,  chairs,  sofas,  and  small  tables  are 
required  for  the  Galleries  and  Day-rooms.  The  tables  in  the 
Men’s  Wards  should  be  covered  as  in  the  Female  Division ; 
chairs  and  night  conveniences  should  be  put  in  the  Bed¬ 
rooms,  in  many  of  which  there  is  still  a  want  of  curtains  or 
blinds.  More  furniture  suitable  for  the  sick  should  be  placed 
in  the  Infirmaries.  The  number  of  washing  basons  in  the 
Sleeping-rooms  should  be  greatly  increased,  and  the  same 
comforts  and  conveniences,  which  we  were  glad  to  observe  in 
the  lately-completed  Dormitories  of  the  new  buildings,  should 
be  supplied  in  all  the  associated  Dormitories. 

These  matters  have  so  important  a  bearing  on  the  sanitary 


25 


treatment,  as  well  as  comfort  of  the  Patients,  that  we  again 
strongly  urge  upon  the  Visitors  a  suggestion  made  so  long 
since  as  1854,  that  the  Medical  Officers  should  have  authority 
so  to  furnish  completely  a  Ward  on  each  side  of  the  Asylum 
as  would  show  at  once  the  effect  upon  the  Patients,  and 
afford  some  guide  to  the  probable  cost  of  carrying  out  the 
improvement  generally. 

The  defects  of  Ventilation  pointed  out  repeatedly  in  pre¬ 
vious  Entries  have  been  remedied  to  some  extent  in  the  Male 
Division;  but  it  is  essential  that  steps  should  now  be  taken 
more  thoroughly  to  deal  with  this  very  grave  defect,  espe¬ 
cially  on  the  Female  side,  in  the  various  Dormitories  of  the 
old  building ,  and  generally  in  the  Sculleries  and  padded 
rooms.  The  low  temperature  was  repeatedly  complained  of 
by  the  inmates  of  several  of  the  new  Wards*  more  particularly 
in  the  Spur  of  No.  19  on  the  Women’s  side,  and  in  the 
Laundry  Dormitories  ;  and,  recommending  this  subject  to  the 
early  attention  of  the  Committee,  we  suggest  that  additional 
blankets  should  at  once  be  supplied  in  these  rooms. 

Of  the  suggestions  made  at  the  last  visit,  some  have  been 
carried  out  in  the  improvements  above  adverted  to ;  and 
as  to  others  we  have  to  remark — That  additional  furniture 
and  pictures  have  been  ordered,  though  not  yet  placed  in 
some  of  the  Wards  ;  that  in  the  twenty  bedded  Dormitories 
there  has  been  a  reduction  of  two  beds,  and  a  redistribution 
giving  further  space ;  that  some  of  the  Airing  Courts  have 
been  a  little  more  planted,  and  the  sun-shades  covered ;  that 
the  ventilation  of  the  Laundry  Dining-Hall  has  been  im¬ 
proved,  though  it  remains  still  defective  ;  that  in  the  Corridors 
some  small  windows  have  been  knocked  out,  and  gas-lights 
have  been  suspended  from  the  ceiling  of  the  low  level  Corridor 


26 


at  the  hack  of  25  Ward ;  that  the  southern  windows  have 
been  better  provided  with  blinds ;  that  large  baize  curtains 
have  been  supplied  to  the  Laundry  Dormitories,  in  which 
there  is  still  great  deficiency  of  warmth ;  that  a  few  hand¬ 
rails  have  been  put  up,  and  that  clear  has  been  substituted 
for  deadened  glass  at  the  end  of  30  Basement  Ward.  We  find 
also,  that  eight  single  Sleeping  rooms  for  the  Laundry  depart¬ 
ment  have  been  built  out  from  the  south  (low  level) 
Corridor. 

Nothing  has  been  done  to  remedy  the  closeness  and  incon¬ 
venience  of  many  of  the  Lavatories,  as  to  which  we  now 
repeat  the  suggestion  formerly  made,  and  think  it  also  highly 
advisable  that,  wherever  Bath-rooms  adjoin  the  Lavatories, 
a  door  between  them  should  be  opened,  whereby  the  latter 
may  become  available  for  Dressing-rooms. 

We  have  further  to  recommend — 

1.  That  not  more  than  one  Patient  be  placed  in  a  Bath 

at  the  same  time,  and  that  the  water  be  changed 

more  frequently  than  at  present. 

2.  That  there  be  a  change  of  Table-cloths  at  least  twice 

a-week. 

3.  That  Hand-rails  be  placed  to  all  staircases. 

4.  That  the  Bedsteads  having  sackings  without  Mat¬ 

tresses  be  gradually  disused. 

5.  That  the  Shower  Baths  be  better  lighted. 


27 


6.  That  the  practice  of  washing  Chamber-pots  in  the 

Baths  be  forthwith  discontinued, 

7.  That  steps  be  taken  to  give  more  complete  effect  to 

the  suggestion  of  the  30th  March,  1857,  by  the 
adoption  of  a  system  of  training  the  Idiots  as  a 
special  class,  and  by  organizing  a  plan  of  Instruction 
for  the  Patients  generally. 

8.  That  an  exchange  of  troublesome  and  violent  cases 

between  the  two  County  Asylums  be  promoted,  as 
far  as  possible,  in  order  to  try  the  effect  upon  the 
Patients. 

9.  That  the  Beds  be  removed  from  the  Corridors  in  Nos. 

3  and  4  Infirmaries. 

10.  That  it  is  worthy  of  consideration  whether  arrange¬ 

ments  might  not  be  made  to  permit  the  friends  of 
Patients  coming  by  railway  to  enter  by  the  private 
door  at  the  Station,  which,  in  our  opinion,  would  be 
appreciated  by  them  as  a  great  boon. 

The  position  and  powers  of  the  Medical  Officers,  the  orga¬ 
nization  of  the  Staff  of  Attendants,  and  the  arrangements  to 
ensure  the  discharge  of  their  respective  duties,  are  subjects 
deriving  so  much  additional  importance  from  the  great 
extension  of  the  Establishment,  that  we  have  given  very 
careful  attention  to  them  at  this  visit. 

The  office  of  Superintendent  of  the  Male  Division,  vacated 
by  Mr.  Tyerman,  has  been  filled  up  by  the  appointment  of 
Dr.  Sheppard,  who  will  immediately  enter  upon  his  duties. 


28 


Mr.  Hargood,  one  of  the  Assistant  Medical  Officers  on  the 
Male  side,  has  lately  resigned,  and  it  is  stated  to  be  the 
intention  of  the  Committee  not  to  fill  up  the  vacancy.  So  to 
reduce  the  Medical  Staff  however,  would,  in  our  opinion,  be 
in  the  highest  degree  inexpedient,  especially  at  a  time  when, 
from  the  increase  of  numbers  in  the  Female  Division,  now 
containing  upwards  of  1,100  Patients,  it  has  become  manifest 
that  a  third  Assistant  Medical  Officer  is  urgently  required  on 
that  side. 

We  have  further  to  state  our  opinion,  as  the  result  of 
inquiries  during  the  present  and  previous  visits,  that  in 
several  respects  the  Medical  Superintendents"of  this  Asylum 
are  not  invested  with  the  authority  essential  to  a  complete 
discharge  of  their  responsible  functions.  They  have  no  voice 
in  the  selection  of  the  sub-officers  or  Attendants,  their  power 
being  limited  to  suspension  for  flagrant  misconduct.  They 
are  regarded  as  mere  Medical  Officers,  whereas,  in  our 
judgment,  they  ought  to  be  known  and  recognized  in  the 
Asylum  generally  as  its  Superintendents ,  and  as  having  abso¬ 
lute  direction  of  everything  connected  with  the  moral  treat¬ 
ment  of  the  Patients.  They  should  have  the  ordering  of 
employments,  recreations,  and  out-door  exercises,  and  should 
have  a  discretion,  we  think,  to  grant  special  indulgences  to 
particular  Patients,  whose  previous  position  in  life  and  degree 
of  education  may  properly  have  rendered  them  exceptional 
cases. 

The  Assistant  Medical  Officers,  we  regret  to  learn,  are 
subjected  to  restrictions  not  called  for  by  any  substantial 
reasons.  A  regulation  lately  made,  and  at  first,  but  now  no 
longer,  applicable  also  to  the  Superintendents  and  the 
Steward,  requires  them  to  return  to  the  Asylum  every  night 


29 


not  later  than  half-past  ten  o’clock,  thus  effectually  debarring 
them  from  attending  any  evening  meetings  of  a  scientific  or 
other  character  in  London. 

The  Superintendents  are  empowered  to  permit  the  Assistant 
Medical  Officers  to  be  absent  for  a  whole  night ;  but  per¬ 
mission  to  enter  the  Asylum  at  a  later  hour  than  half-past 
ten  must  be  obtained  from  the  Committee. 

We  have  now  to  report  the  arrangements  adopted  in 
reference  to  the  subject  of  Attendants. 

The  Male  side  of  the  Asylum  is  divided  into  Six  Sections, 
each  writh  a  Head  Attendant,  and  these  are  grouped  into 
two  Divisions,  A  and  B,  over  each  of  which  is  placed  an 
Inspector. 

The  Female  side  is  divided  into  Three  Sections,  A,  B,  and 
the  Laundry  Department :  A  and  B  having  each  a  Matron, 
and  the  Laundry  Department  being  under  charge  of  a 
Superintendent. 

This  organization  is,  doubtless,  calculated  to  promote  regu¬ 
larity  and  define  responsibility,  so  far  as  these  are  attainable 
in  an  Institution  of  such  excessive  magnitude.  As  an 
instance,  nevertheless,  of  the  necessity  for  still  more  efficient 
supervision,  we  have  to  state  that,  on  visiting  Yfard  14  in 
the  Male  Division,  where  about  35  of  the  Patients  were  at 
dinner,  we  found  that  they  had  no  knives,  forks,  or  spoons ; 
and  we  learnt,  upon  inquiry,  that  for  upwards  of  six  months 
past  they  had  been  in  the  practice  of  eating  their  food  with 
their  fingers,  although  there  were  spoons  in  store  in  the 
Ward. 


30 


The  existence  of  such  an  abuse  for  so  long  a  period, 
known  as  it  was  to  the  Inspectors  and  Head  Attendants, 
appears  strongly  to  illustrate  the  need  for  more  complete 
supervision  on  the  part  of  the  Medical  Officers,  and  to  suggest 
the  expediency  of  limiting  the  duties  of  an  adequate  number 
of  Assistant  Medical  Officers  to  distinct  departments. 

The  Ward  referred  to  was  that  in  which  (unobserved  by 
the  Attendants)  one  of  the  Patients  was  recently  strangled 
by  another. 

Upon  the  subject  of  Diet,  and  the  quality  of  the  Meat  and 
other  provisions,  we  have  to  state,  that  during  our  progress 
through  the  Asylum  many  complaints  were  made  to  us. 
We  saw  the  Patients  at  dinner  on  two  several  days,  and  much  of 
the  beef  appeared  to  us  to  be  coarse  and  hard,  on  tasting  it  the 
first  day,  though  it  was  better  on  the  second.  Upon  statements 
being  repeated  to  us,  however,  that  generally  the  Meat  was  of 
inferior  quality,  frequently  hard,  without  fat,  and  tasteless, 
we  made  sufficient  inquiry  to  satisfy  ourselves  of  the  urgent 
necessity  for  a  special  investigation  into  these  complaints  on 
the  part  of  the  Committee  ;  and  we  would  suggest  to  them  to 
examine,  amongst  other  persons,  the  Housekeeper  on  the 
Female  side,  who  seems  to  have  had  much  experience,  and 
who,  besides  supplying  all  the  extra  diet  on  that  side,  and 
providing  for  the  Assistant  Medical  Officers  of  both  Divisions, 
is  responsible  for  the  cooking  and  distribution  of  the  food  of 
nearly  all  the  Female  Patients.  On  the  subject  of  quantity, 
we  repeat  a  suggestion  formerly  made,  and  which  we  think 
to  be  essential  under  the  present  system,  that  the  amount  of 
the  Meat  allowed  should  be  calculated  upon  its  weight  after 
being  cooked,  and  without  bone,  and  not,  as  now,  when  raw. 


31 


As  respects  the  Female  Attendants,  it  appears  to  us,  that, 
in  some  of  the  Wards  at  least,  their  comfort  would  be 
materially  promoted  by  being  allowed  to  take  their  breakfast 
and  tea  in  their  respective  departments,  and  a  revision  of 
some  portion  of  their  dietary  would  on  other  grounds  seem 
to  be  desirable. 

Whatever  involves  the  comfort  and  proper  position  of  those 
who  are  engaged  in  the  arduous  administration  of  this 
Asylum,  we  hold  to  be  of  the  highest  moment ;  and  we 
entertain  a  strong  belief  that  the  Committee  will  be  anxious 
to  contribute,  in  any  reasonable  way  that  can  be  fairly  pointed 
out,  to  the  greater  efficiency,  as  well  of  the  inferior  Officers  as 
of  the  general  Medical  Staff. 

JOHN  FORSTER. 

JAMES  WILKES. 

S.  GASKELL. 

R.  W.  S.  LUTWIDGE. 


32 


II. 

t  ,  LETTER  TO  COMMISSIONERS  IN  LUNACY.  • 

-  -  ...  .  ■ 

33,  Milner  Square ,  Islington , 

8 th  January ,  1862. 

i  4  j  i  *  /  .1  '  *_..h  >...  J'j  ,  -  .a.  -  ^ 

,  Colne y  Hatch  Lunatic  Asylum. 

Sie, — The  Committee  of  Visitors  of  this  Asylum  have  read 
with  attention  the  Entry  made  by  the  four  Commissioners 
in  Lunacy  who  visited  the  Asylum  on  the  19th,  20th,  and 
2lst  ultimo,  and  purpose  to  take  many  of  the  matters  as  to 
which  the  Visiting  Commissioners  have  made  suggestions  or 
recommendations  into  their  early  consideration. 

The  Committee  notice/  that  many  of  the  observations  of 
the  Commissioners  which  appear  of  a  suggestive  character, 
do,  in  fact,  refer  to  matters  which  have  already  been  deter¬ 
mined  upon  by  the  Committee,  and  many  of  which  are  par¬ 
tially  carried  out.  As  to  several  of  their  suggestions,  the 
Committee  had  already  considered  and  anticipated  the  sub¬ 
jects,  and  either  adopted  them  /  if  practicable,  or  abandoned 
the  idea  if  found  impracticable :  for  example,  they  have 
recently  directed  the  Steward  to  procure  patterns  of  cotton 
prints  suitable  for  warmer  dresses  for  the  Female  Patients. 
Means  of  amusement  and  occupation/  and  pictures,  or  objects 
of  interest  likely  to  attract  the  attention  of  the  Patients, 
have  been  constantly  supplied  whenever  asked  for,  the  gross 
cost  of  which  during  each  successive  year  has  been  consi¬ 
derable  (in  the  case  of  books  and  periodicals  alone  amount¬ 
ing  to  between  1 1 01.  and  120 1,  per  annum),  and  there  is 
always  a  stock  of  instruments  of  amusement,  or  toys,  in  store. 


33 


obtainable  on  the  requisition  of  tbe  Medical  Superintendents. 
The  practice  of  washing  chamber-pots  and  offensive  articles 
in  the  baths  has  been  prohibited,  and  tubs  have  already  been 
ordered  to  be  provided  for  the  purpose.  Additional  furni¬ 
ture,  curtains,  blinds,  &c.,  are  provided  wherever  it  is  made 
apparent  to  the  Committee  that  the  same  are  required. 
Hand-rails  were  recently  put  up  experimentally,  as  to  the 
best  form  for  the  purpose,  and  it  is  intended  to  provide  them 
for  the  staircases  in  each  department.  Numerous  Patients, 
and  occasionally  troublesome  and  violent  ones,  have  been 
exchanged  between  the  two  Asylums  during  the  last  three 
years,  and  more  especially  during  the  past  year.  'Ihe 
Female  Attendants,  so  far  as  the  Medical  Superintendent 
advises,  are  allowed  to  take  their  meals  in  their  Wards;  but 
the  Committee  have  not  allowed  them  to  do  so  as  a  general 
rule,  in  consequence  of  the  confusion,  want  of  due  observ¬ 
ance  of  regular  meal-times,  waste,  and  irregularities  which 
took  place.  The  improved  ventilation  of  the  Wards,  the 
colouring  of  the  walls,  and  many  other  improvements  and 
alterations,  are  being  effected,  with  as  much  speed  as  the 
limited  sum,  specified  by  law  as  the  extent  to  which  Commit¬ 
tees  of  Visitors  may  incur  expenses  for  such  matters  in  each 
year,  will  allow  the  Visitors  of  this  Asylum  to  proceed. 

The  further  employment  of  Male  Patients  in  the  different 
trades  and  handicrafts,  and  in  the  grounds,  has  been  con¬ 
stantly  urged  upon  the  late  Medical  Superintendent  of  that 
department,  and  various  indulgences,  in  the  shape  of  dif¬ 
ferent  clothing,  tobacco,  snuff,  tea,  &c.,  have  been  held  out 
to  induce  the  Patients  so  to  employ  themselves  ;  and  the  Com¬ 
mittee  would  be  glad  to  find  a  larger  proportion  so  engaged. 
They  will  impress  this  on  the  New  Medical  Superintendent,  and 
they  trust  that  an  increase  of  employments  may  take  place. 


34 


In  the  Female  Department,  Straw  Plaiting  was  attempted, 
but  found  to  be  a  failure ;  and  the  Committee  will  most  cheer¬ 
fully  aid  and  encourage  the  Medical  Superintendent  in  pro¬ 
moting  any  occupation  which  he  may  deem  the  Patients 
capable  of  undertaking,  so  fully  aware  are  they  of  the  fact 
that  occupation  and  exercise  may  be  considered  the  great 
promoters  of  recovery  to  sound  mind.  Although  the  Walk 
round  the  boundary  is  only  partially  constructed,  and  may 
probably  not  be  completely  carried  round,  there  are  numerous 
walks  in  other  parts  of  the  grounds,  beyond  the  Airing 
Courts,  to  which  the  Patients  have  access,  restricted  only 
and  solely  by  the  Medical  Superintendents,  whose  authority 
as  to  exercise,  whether  within  or  beyond  the  limits  of  the 
Asylum  Grounds,  is  unlimited :  and  it  is  to  them  that  the 
Committee  look  for  fully  carrying  out  this  very  desirable  re¬ 
medial  treatment. 

The  Committee  of  Visitors,  at  the  time  when  the  Asylum 
was  enlarged,  provided  additional  accommodation  in  the 
Chapel,  which  is  now  capable  of  containing  700  Patients ; 
and  they  are  quite  satisfied  that  it  is  sufficiently  commodious 
for  the  proportion  of  Patients  able  to  derive  benefit  from 
attending  Divine  Service,  and  who  may  attend  without 
danger  of  interrupting  or  annoying  the  others. 

The  large  Hall  is  now  used  as  a  Dining  Hall,  and  it  would 
be  very  undesirable  to  disturb  its  arrangements  for  the  pur¬ 
poses  of  recreation,  &c. ;  but  although  this  and  the  other  Halls 
are  not  available  for  assemblies  of  Patients  of  the  two  sexes 
for  recreation,  the  Medical  Superintendents  can,  if  they  think 
fit,  assemble  them  in  smaller  numbers  in  the  Wards,  with 
the  fullest  concurrence  of  the  Visitors. 

.  Although  the  Committee  of  Visitors  are  of  opinion  that 


35 


the  practice  of  reading  aloud  to  the  Patients  of  some  of  the 
Wards  might  be  very  beneficial  when  the  Patients  are  able 
and  willing  to  attend  to  it,  they  do  not  think  it  desirable  to 
make  it  a  part  of  the  regular  daily  duty  of  either  Inspectors 
or  Head  Attendants,  whose  time  must  be  occupied  in  general 
and  constantly  watchful  supervision. 

The  Committee  have  already,  on  more  than  one  occasion, 
taken  the  question  of  assisting  the  Superintendent  of  the 
Laundry  into  their  consideration.  They  have  already  divided 
and  classified  the  duties  and  employment  of  that  department 
into  Twelve  Sections,  to  each  of  which  a  competent  paid  Ser¬ 
vant  is  appointed,  with  other  paid  Servants  where  requisite ; 
and  the  Committee  are  of  opinion  that  it  is  inexpedient  to 
appoint  a  paid  Assistant ;  and  taking  into  consideration 
the  care  of  the  Patients,  not  only  at  their  work,  but  in  the 
Laundry  Ward  itself,  to  which  some  of  the  Laundry  Women 
are  appointed  to  act  as  Attendants,  as  well  as  the  urgent 
need  for  precision  and  punctuality  in  carrying  on  the  duty 
of  the  Laundry,  they  are  also  of  opinion  that  the  proportion 
of  paid  Laundry  Women  is  not  too  large. 

The  suggestions  of  the  Commissioners  with  reference  to 
the  removal  of  the  walls  of  some  of  the  associated  Dormi¬ 
tories  opposite  the  recesses  in  the  Wards,  and  the  enlarge¬ 
ment  of  the  windows,  with  a  view  to  afford  more  light,  and 
the  alterations  in  the  Lavatories  and  Bath  Booms,  will  re¬ 
ceive  due  consideration  ;  but  there  may  be  structural  or  other 
objections  to  the  plans,  into  which  previous  inquiry  must  be 
made. 

The  Committee  concur  with  the  Commissioners  in  disap- 
provingof  the  practice  which  has  sprung  up  among  the  Patients 


36 


in  Ward  14,  of  eating  their  dinners  without  knives,  forks,  or 
spoons.  It  probably  originated  in  the  imbecility  of  the 

i.i  •  J.  <  i 4  <  .  „  \  '  _  ;  ■  .  •  . ’  •"  ••  1 

Patients  in  that  Ward,  many  of  whom  would  be  unwilling  to 
use  knives,  forks,  or  spoons,  even  if  provided  for  them ;  and 
it  illustrates  the  necessity  of  more  efficient  supervision  on 
the  part  of  the  Medical  Superintendent.  The  Committee 

’j  ■ .  .  ■  ?  .  ’ 

have  ordered, this  practice  to  be  discontinued,  and  they  trust 
there  will  not  be  anv  recurrence  of  it. 

:  i  J  .  ■■  f,  •  -  ...  ...  ^ 

With  reference  to  the  fact  of  the  vacancy  in  the  Male 
Department  caused  by  the  resignation  of  Mr.  Hargood,  one 
of  the  Assistant  Medical  Officers,  not  having  been  filled  up, 
the  Committee  have  to  state,  that  when  they  entered  upon 
the  reconstruction  and  aimmentation  of  the  Staff  of  Subnr- 
dinate  Male  Officers  in  July  last  (at  the  time  when  Mr. 
Hargood’s  retirement  was  about  to  take  place),  they  satisfied 
themselves,  after  full  inquiries,  that  one  Assistant  Medical 
Officer  in  the  Male  Department  was  amply  sufficient  for  per¬ 
forming  the  duties  required  of  him  therein. 

*> i.  -  j  _ '  \  ’ !'  I  } f  ’•>  q  f  w  ■  .  ■  .  .  _  .  .  • 

The  suggestion  made  by  the  Visiting  Commissioners 
whether  arrangements  might  be  made  to  permit  the  friends 
of  Patients  coming  by  Railway  to  enter  by  the  private  door 
at  the  Station,  appears  for  many  reasons  to  be  impracticable. 

The  Commissioners  who  visited  the  Asylum  appear  to 
have  been  misinformed  as  to  facts  in  many  eases  to  which 
they  advert  in  their  Entry.  To  these  subjects  the  Committee 
will  now  proceed  to  refer. 

With  reference  to  the  observation  that  the  Medical 
Superintendents  have  not  a  voice  in  the  selection  of  the 
Sub-officers  or  Attendants,  the  Committee  have  to  state, 


37 


that  this  must  be  founded  on  misrepresentation  to  the 
Visiting  Commissioners.  A  Candidate’s  Book  is  kept  on 
the  Male  side  by  the  Medical  Superintendent,  and  on 
the  Female  side  by  the  Matron,  who  respectively  take 
down  all  particulars  as  to  the  Candidates  before  they  attend 
the  Committee.  And  when  the  Candidates  do  attend  the 
Committee,  each  Medical  Officer  attends  and  assists  the 
Committee  with  his  advice  on  the  probable  fitness  of  the 
Candidates,  many  of  whom  are  rejected  at  his  suggestion. 
After  approval,  the  Medical  Superintendent  calls  on  the 
approved  Candidates  to  commence  duty  on  probation,  as 

j  ,  - 

vacancies  occur,  and  at  the  end  of  three  months  (or  sooner  if 
inefficient)  the  Medical  Superintendent  reports,  on  a  printed 
form,  his  opinion  of  the  person’s  efficiency,  by  which  report 
the  Committee  are  governed.  Again,  the  Medical  Super¬ 
intendents  report  deserving  Attendants  for  promotion  or 
gratuity,  and  theiv  recommendations  are  almost  invariably 
adopted ;  and  their  powers  of  suspension  go  far  beyond  cases 
of  flagrant  misconduct. 

The  Medical  Superintendents  have  the  ordering  of  the 
employments  of  the  Patients,  their  recreation  and  their  exer¬ 
cise,  in  an  almost  unbounded  manner ;  and  their  suggestions 
as  to  special  indulgences  to  Patients  are  always  considered 
by  the  Committee  with  great  attention. 

The  Assistant  Medical  Officers  may  be  really  subjected  to 
the  virtual  restriction  of  returning  to  the  Asylum  by  half- 
past  10  at  night,  although  there  is  no  regulation  to  that 
effect ;  because  the  Committee  have  determined  that  the 
Gate  Porter,  whose  duty  commences  at  5  a.m.,  when  he 
admits  the  Farm  Labourers,  and  which  continues  for  many 
hours  during  each  day  without  intermission,  shall  not  be 


38 


* 

required  to  open  tlie  gates  after  10.30  p.m.,  in  order  that  he 
may  have  the  opportunity  of  gaining  six  hours  rest  out  of 
the  twenty-four.  It  is  true  that  the  Committee  have  inti¬ 
mated  to  the  two  Medical  Superintendents  and  the  Steward 
that,  upon  occasions  of  a  special  nature,  and  upon  giving  pre¬ 
vious  notice  to  the  Gate  Porter,  they  will  not  object  to  his 
admitting  them ;  but  this  is  a  relaxation  of  the  rule,  which 
they  do  not  deem  it  necessary,  nor  (indeed,  as  in  past  expe¬ 
rience  they  have  discovered)  is  it  expedient  to  extend  to  the 
Assistant  Medical  Officers,  who  ought  to  be  on  duty  and 
ready  for  active  employment  at  or  soon  after  7  o’clock  in  the 
morning.  The  Committee  never  have  refused  any  reasonable 
application  from  these  gentlemen  for  special  leave,  and  the 
Medical  Superintendents  are  not  disposed  to  place  any  im¬ 
pediment  in  their  way  ;  but  the  Committee  do  not  sec  any 
good  reason  for  altering  the  present  regulation  as  to  admis¬ 
sion  at  the  gates. 

The  Committee  have  endeavoured  to  reply  to  the  whole  of 
the  remarks  made  by  the  Visiting  Commissioners  in  their 
Entry;  but  they  observe,  with  much  regret,  that  the  more  they 
have,  from  feelings  of  courtesy,  listened  to  the  representations 
of  the  Commissioners  in  Lunacy,  the  more  that  body  has 
attempted  to  encroach  on  the  functions  of  the  Committee  of 
Visitors,  and  to  assume  a  tone  of  dictation  in  matters  over 
which  they  have  no  control. 

But  the  Committee  must  remind  the  Commissioners  that 
they  are  the  body  to  which,  by  law,  is  entrusted  the  care 
and  management  of  the  Asylum,  and  the  appointment  and 
regulation  of  the  duties  of  the  Officers,  under  restrictions 
plainly  defined  by  law :  and  that  to  them  the  Court  of 
Quarter  Session  and  the  Ratepayers  of  the  County  look  for  a 


39 


just  and  economical  administration,  which  shall  be  not 
unsuited  to  the  class  of  life  to  which  the  unfortunate  Patients 
under  their  care  belong. 

The  Committee  cannot  conclude  their  remarks  without 
expressing  their  surprise  that  the  Commissioners  should 
consider  themselves  able,  after  a  visit  once  in  the  year,  to 
express  themselves  so  positively  as  to  what  alterations  are 
desirable.  The  Committee,  who,  during  the  whole  of  the 
year  devote  constant  and  anxious  care  to  the  management  of 
the  Asylum,  know  that  many  of  the  matters  suggested  by 
the  Commissioners  in  Lunacy  are  quite  impracticable,  and 
that  if  they  were  adopted,  they  wTould  involve  the  whole 
establishment  in  hopeless  confusion.  The  Visiting  Com¬ 
missioners  in  Lunacy,  in  their  Entry,  do  not  appear  sufficiently 
to  bear  in  mind  the  fact  that  the  Colney  Hatch  Asylum  is 
established  for  Pauper  Lunatics  only,  and  that  many  luxuries 
and  appliances  suggested  by  them  are  quite  unsuited  to  that 
class  of  Patients,  and  could  not  be  provided,  but  at  a  cost 
which  would  be  most  justly  complained  of  by  the  parishes 
chargeable  for  their  support,  and  which  would,  even  if 
granted  to  the  Patients  during  their  residence  in  the  Asylum, 
tend  most  materially  to  aggravate  the  distress  of  those  dis¬ 
charged  as  recovered,  who,  on  their  return  to  their  homes 
and  former  condition,  would  have  to  forego  those  comforts 
which  by  long  use  had  become  almost  necessaries. 

I  am,  Sir, 

Your  very  obedient  Servant, 

JOHN  S.  SKAIFE, 

Cleric  to  the  Visitors. 

The  Honourable  TV.  C.  Spring  Lice, 

Secretary  to  the  Commissioners  in  Lunacy. 


40 


p 


III. 


LETTER  FROM  COMMISSIONERS  IN  LUNACY.* 

V<  k 

••  i  r>  •  ••  5  r»-  j  *.  ,  -  ... 

. •  ■  .  -i/  J  •  ..  r-J  J  o  :•  '■  . 1  .  .  ..  «  '•  \  '  • 


Office  of  Commissioners  in  Lunacy, 

19,  Whitehall  Place, 

15L4  January,  1862. 


Sir, 


I  am  directed  to  acknowledge  the  receipt  of  your  letter, 
transmitting  the  remarks  of  the  Committee  of  Visitors  of 
Colney  Hatch  Asylum  upon  the  Entry  by  the  Visiting  Com- 
missioners  in  December  last. 


In  these  remarks,  the  Commissioners  have  pleasure  in 

" 

observing  the  Committee  appear  to  approve  of  many  of 
the  suggestions  made ;  and  the  experience  of  the  Com¬ 
missioners  as  to  the  reception  of  former  similar  Entries  at 
Colney  Hatch  Asylum  disposes  them  to  believe  that  other 
suggestions,  for  the  present  regarded  with  less  favour,  will 
hereafter  obtain  the  attention  of  the  Visitors  as  of  not  inferior 
importance. 

Waiting  this  future  occasion,  they  avail  themselves  of  the 
opportunity  now  afforded  them  to  state,  that  having  recon¬ 
sidered  at  their  Board  the  recommendations  adverted  to 
in  your  letter  as  in  the  opinion  of  the  Committee  either 
unimportant  or  impracticable,  they  entertained  the  strongest 
conviction  that  this  adverse  opinion  has  been  hastily  formed  ; 


#  This  letter,  having  been  received  only  on  the  day  of  making 
this  Keport,  is  appended  at  the  special  request  of  the  Commissioners 
in  Lunacy  ;  but  the  Committee  of  Visitors  are  of  course  at  present 
unable  to  make  any  observations  on  its  contents  in  reply. 


41 


and  that  early  adoption  of  the  recommendations  in  question 
will  be  found  essential  to  the  due  protection  and  humane 
treatment  of  the  Patients  in  Colney  Hatch  Asylum. 

. . ..  ....  T  .  .  J  *  \  .A  "L. 

The  Commissioners,  observing  the  warning  lhat  is  given 
them  in  your  letter  against  encroaching  upon  functions  not 
properly  theirs,  and  your  mention  of  the  claim  of  the  Visitors 
to  have  treated  their  suggestions  with  “  courtesy,”  regret  to 
be  under  the  necessity  of  reminding  the  Committee  that  the 
members  of  this  Board,  on  whom  the  Legislaturedias  imposed 
duties  of  visitation  and  inquiry  applicable  to  all  Asylums, 
have  a  title  to  graver  consideration  than  mere ,  “  courtesy  ” 
from  those  with  whom  the 
them  into  unavoidable  communication. 

They  gladly  leave  to  the  Committee  their  full  responsi¬ 
bility  for  the  conduct  and  management  of  an  Institution 
which  has  outgrown  all  the  limits  within  which  any  proper 
or  satisfactory  administration  of  a  Lunatic  Asylum  appears 
to  them  to  be  possible.  They  will  not  here  dwell  specially 
on  events  of  recent  occurrence.  Every  day’s  experience — 
since  they  protested  in  1856  against  the  enlargement  then 
determined  upon  by  the  Committee — has  confirmed  and 
extended  their  belief  in  the  evils  inseparable  from  the  con¬ 
gregation  under  one  roof  of  such  vast  numbers  of  the  insane. 
But  they  must  continue  to  think  it  incumbent  upon  them 
to  contribute,  as  far  as  may  be  possible,  to  the  alleviation  of 
those  ill-consequences,  b)^  inquiring,  from  time  to  time, 
whether,  in  the  language  of  the  110th  Section  of  the  Act  of 
Parliament  defining  their  functions,  the  provisions  of  the 
law  have  been  carried  out  as  to  the  Construction  of  the 
Asylum  ;  as  to  its  Visitation  and  Management ;  as  to  the 
performance  of  Divine  Service  therein  ;  as  to  the  Attendants 


discharge  of  their  duties  brings 


42 


employed ;  as  to  the  Occupations  and  Amusements  of  the 
Patients  ;  as  to  their  Dietary ;  and  as  to  all  other  matters 
which,  to  the  Visiting  Members  of  their  body,  “  shall 
seem  meet.” 

If  they  were  in  any  degree  to  evade  or  abdicate  those 
inquiries,  they  must  also  violate  that  provision  of  the  88th 
Section  of  the  same  Statute  which  directs  them  to  report  to 
the  Lord  Chancellor,  in  every  year,  the  state  and  condition 
of  the  several  Asylums,  and  of  the  care  of  the  Patients 
therein,  “  and  of  such  other  particulars  as  they  shall  think 
deserving  of  notice.” 

Their  opportunities  of  investigation  as  to  any  one  Asylum 
are  indeed  limited  by  the  necessity  of  giving  similar  attention 
to  every  such  establishment  in  the  Kingdom ;  but  the  Com¬ 
mittee,  upon  further  reflection,  will  perhaps  not  differ  from 
them  in  thinking  that  an  experience  so  varied  and  extensive 
entitles  their  suggestions  to  at  least  equal  weight  with  those 
derived  from  familiarity  with  one  Asylum  alone.  Nor  can 
the  Commissioners  regard  it  as  any  disadvantage  in  the 
performance  of  their  duties  at  Colney  Hatch,  that  by  the 
infrequency  of  their  visits,  to  which  allusion  is  made  in  your 
letter,  they  avoid  the  danger  of  becoming  reconciled  by 
custom  and  habit  to  the  continuance  of  evils  that  might  be 
removed. 

I  am,  Sir, 

Your  obedient  Servant, 

W.  C.  SPRING  RICE, 

Secretary . 

J.  S.  SJcaife ,  Esq., 

Cleric  to  Visitors  of  Colney  Hatch  Asylum. 


fFifijWessrp  lamattr  Sfeplttm,  Colitcj)  Hatd). 


43 


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44 


APPENDIX  D. 


.  - . .  I. 

Summary  of  the  Gross  Numbers  of  Lunatics  and  Idiots  chargeable  to  the 
different  Parishes  and  Unions  in  the  County  of  Middlesex,  to  the  County, 
and  adjudged  to  other  Counties ,  but  who  are  still  in  the  County  Asylums , 
during  the  last  Eleven  Years. 


In  the  Yeah 

1850..  ..2,370 

1851  Increase  95r 

- 2,465 

1852  Increase  ..  274 


1853  Increase  ., 

1854  Increase  .. 

1855  Increase.. 

V  ? 

f  r.  J  .  ■  .  '  l  . 

1856  Increase  . . 

1857  Increase  . . 

1858  Increase  .. 

1859  Increase 

1860  Increase 

••  -v  r.  a  *  H  ‘  1  ,v.  ‘  '•  •_ 

1861  Increase 


-2,739 

159 


«  «  •  • 


-2,898 

226 


-3,124 

261 


■3,385 

54 


-3,439 


59 


-3,498 

221 


■  3,719 
74 


4  i 


•  •  *  * 


•  t  -*  •  •  f  • 


■3,793 

295 


-4,088 

285 


-4,333 


J  371 


Patients  in  Licen- 
seel  Houses  . ,  } 
Patients  in  Work  ¬ 
houses  or  with  J  494 
Friends.,..  .-. 

Patients  in  the 
two  Asylums  . . 


1855. 

1856. 

1857. 

OO 

»o 

GO 

T— 1 

1859. 

1860. 

1861. 

490 

Y  ;  \  . 

461 

.  \  \ 

471 

565 

44 

68 

47 

628 

664 

708 

866 

869 

920 

: '. .  t 

1,035 

2,267 

’  ' '  '•  v-  s 

2,314 

2,319 

2,288 

2,880 

3,100 

3,251 

3,385 

3,439 

3,498 

3,719 

3,793 

4,088 

4,333 

45 


II. 


Statement  of  Lunatics  and  Idiots  chargeable  to  the  County ,  and  Parishes 
and  Unions  in  the  County ,  in  each  Y  ear  from  1851. 


;-r>. 


Gross  Numbers  ih  the  Years 

© 

\  r- 

; 

PARISH,  OR  UNION 

1851. 

1S52. 

1853. 

1854. 

i : 

1855. 

1856. 

i. 

1357. 

1858. 

1859. 

•  J  '7. '  « 

.jo. 

i860. 

1861. 

Barnet  Union  (Part  of) . 

10 

13 

16 

10 

11 

17 

16 

15 

17 

20 

18 

Brentford  . 

49 

52 

51 

54 

54 

61 

62 

68 

67 

69 

75 

East  London  (Part  of)  . 

O 

° 

3 

1 

3 

3 

3 

3 

3 

3 

6 

4 

Edmonton  (ditto)  . 

3S 

33 

35 

42 

48 

42 

46 

51 

,55 

.  88 

92 

Fulham . 

18 

24 

31 

45 

56 

53 

61 

69 

76 

79 

89 

Hackney  . 

64 

69 

76 

84 

90 

95 

105 

111 

117 

124 

114 

Hendon .  . 

20 

20 

'21 

23 

24 

25 

25 

26 

24 

29 

26 

Holborn .  ...... 

62 

63 

72 

82 

87 

70 

70 

70” 

66 

74 

71 

Kingston  (Part  of) . 

9 

-  '8 

9 

11 

3 

2 

3 

8 

4 

6 

6 

Poplar  . 

53 

59 

55 

55 

64 

66 

S5 

86 

95 

97 

121 

Staines  . 

8 

12 

14 

18 

20 

20 

19 

21 

23 

24 

31 

Stepney . . .  . 

183 

184 

172 

210 

246 

224 

140 

166 

168 

177 

182 

Strand  . 

80 

90 

99 

107 

102 

101 

106 

116 

100 

114 

120 

Uxbridge  . 

22 

26 

26 

26 

25 

19 

23 

31 

30 

28 

31 

Whitechapel . 

120 

137 

145 

136 

145 

145 

167 

168 

180 

184 

182 

Parish  of  Hampstead . 

23 

24 

29 

31 

34 

31 

28 

31 

29 

29 

32 

„  Kensington . 

54 

67 

61 

64 

70 

74 

56 

76 

08 

82 

101 

„  *Mi!e  End  Old  Town  . 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

99 

104 

97 

115 

123 

„  Paddington . 

27 

23 

39 

45 

49 

54 

66 

64 

60 

62 

72 

„  St.  George  in  the  East 

56 

71 

96 

86 

93 

78 

88 

100 

97 

102 

108 

„  St.  George,  Hanover 

Square  . 

92 

93 

92 

97 

96 

109 

104 

103 

104 

109 

111 

„  St.  Giles  &  Bloomsbury 

62 

61 

68 

64 

74 

138 

72 

71 

74 

76 

76 

„  Clerkenwell . 

63 

69 

94 

89 

111 

113 

112 

120 

127 

118 

140 

„  St.  James,  Westminster 

62 

65 

81 

77 

81 

81 

88 

82 

98 

98 

101 

„  Shoreditch  . 

156 

182 

183 

191 

205 

212 

225 

210 

222 

252 

242 

St.  Luke  . 

70 

83 

82 

94 

94 

95 

93 

112 

120 

126 

122 

„  St.  Luke,  Chelsea  .... 

64 

80 

81 

97 

112 

115 

125 

120 

120 

132 

134 

„  St.  Martin-in-the-Fields 

88 

88 

98 

1U 

90 

84 

78 

73 

68 

72 

73 

,,  St.  Margaret  &  St.John, 

Westminster  . 

78 

91 

107 

117 

127 

131 

125 

134 

126 

131 

135 

„  St.  Marylebone  . 

230 

217 

209 

298 

305 

282 

319 

330 

341 

350 

434 

,,  St.  Mary,  Islington  . . 

(15 

69 

77 

87 

119 

111 

126 

143 

133 

152 

152 

„  Bethnal  Green . 

78 

100 

105 

100 

121 

137 

118 

133 

115 

133 

161 

„  St.  Pancras . 

23  7 

261 

265 

262 

300 

305 

313 

347 

385 

451 

469 

County  of  Middlesex  . 

231 

214 

270 

286 

291 

300 

321 

337 

■ 

336 

342 

385 

Total . 

2465 

2646 

2857 

i 

r-H 

o 

r— 1 

CO 

3350 

3391 

3490 

3699 

3765 

4048 

4333 

*  Previously  included  in  Stepney  Union. 


III. 

Statement  of  the  Distribution  of  Pauper  Lunatics  in  Asylums ,  Licensed  Houses,  Sfc.,  in  the  Years  1859,  1860,  and  1861, 


? 


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MIDDLESEX  COUNTY  LUNAT 


J 


INCOME  AND  EXPENDITURE  fro 


INCOME. 


Date 


1861. 


Dec. 

31. 


HEADS  OF  INCOME. 


QUARTERS  ENDING 


31st  March.  30th  June.  30th  Sept.  31st  Dec 


Year  ending 
31st  Dec. 


From  Parishes  in  Middle¬ 
sex  for  Maintenance 


From  Parishes  in  other 
Counties  for  Mainte¬ 
nance . 


From  County  Treasurer 
for  Maintenance .... 


For  Funerals . 

For  Clothing  . 

For  Gas  and  Water  .... 


From  Weekly  Kate. 


£  s.  d. 
9901  11  8 


£  s.  d. 
10280  16  7 


133  16  0 
1369  8  5 
32  16  3 
21  2  0 


112  8  0 
1106  5  1 
35  2  0 
43  3  8 
17  6  1 


£  s.  d. 
10576  16  8 


£  s.  d. 

10)05  2  11 


201  10  0 
1464  8  2 
22  10  0 
54  14  7 


£  s.  d, 

41264  7  10 


216  8  0 
1501  10  6 
25  4  0 
40  8  1 


667  2  0 
5741  12  2 
115  12  3 
159  8  4 


Total 


asylum,  colney  hatch. 


\st  January  to  31 5/  December,  1861. 


EXPENDITURE. 


ATE. 


HEADS  OF 
EXPENDITURE. 


861  • 


d.  MDec. 
;  31. 


Provisions. 


24  19  6  42  5  7 


Total  Income  from! 
Weekly  Rate,  &c.  . .  J 


Repairs • 

From  County  Treasurer 


11458 


14  4  11895  1  5  12322  19  5  12313  13  0  47990  8  2  l47990  8  2 


From  County  Rate. 


Improvements. 
From  County  Treasurer 


Total  Income  from  \ 
County  Rate . J 


Total  Income  ..  . 


co 

QO 

o 

747  15  0 

966  2  7 

33  0  0 

1082  8  4 

747  15  0 

999  2  7 

12541  2  8 

12642  16  5 

13322  2  0 

Balance 

948  19  1 


362  17  5 


3745  5  0 


■385  17  5 


1301  16  6  4131  2  6 


4131  2  5 


13615  9  6 
from  Dec. 


52121  10  7 
31st,  1860  .. 


52121  10  7 
7461  8  5 


Laid  before  Ike  Committee  of  Visitors,  14 th  January,  1862, 
HENRY  WARNER,  Chairman. 


QUARTERS  ENDING 


31st  March. 


30th  June.  30th  Sept. 


31st  Dec. 


Year  ending 
31st  Dec. 


Total 
of  General  | 
Heads  of 
Expenditure! 


From  Weekly  Rate. 


ByMeat . 

Flour  . 

Oatmeal,  Peas ,  &c. 
Tea,  Cocoa,  &c.. .  . 
Sugar  and  Treacle 
Sundry  Groceries . 
Tobacco,  Snuff,  &c, 

Butter . 

Cheese  and  Eggs  . 
Malt  and  Hops  . . 
Potatoes  and  other 

Vegetables . 

Farm  (see  Farm  Re¬ 
turns)  . . . 


Total . 


douse  and  other  Expenses 


£  s. 

1762  9 

1228  10 
11  0 
383  15 
218  13 
98  13 
84  6 
202  8  10 
446  13  7 
603  0  0 


430  19  H 
657  19  0 


6128  10  0 


£  s.  d. 

1780  19  3 
1160  5  0 
12  14  7 
391  12  8 
248  4  8 
86  7  7 
88  8  4 
205  2  H 
434  8  5 
603  0  0 


360  13  3 
560  10  8 


5932  7  4 


By  Coals,  & c . 

Soap . 

Starch,  Soda,  &c. . 

Oil,  Candles,  &c.  . 
Furniture,  Bedding 

and  Linen . . 

Ironmongery.Cutlery, 

&c . 

Turnery,  Brooms, 

Brushes,  &c . 

Earthenware  andGlass 
Rates  and  Taxes  .... 
Postage,  Stationery  ,&c 
Printing  and  Adver¬ 
tisements  . . 

Freight  and  Carriage 
Retaking  Patients .... 
Patients  on  Trial.... 

Law  Expenses  . 

Funeral  Expenses. . . . 
Periodicals,  Books, &c. 
Gas  Account  (Lime) . . 


759  14  6 
140  5  0 
44  10  7 
41  11  3 


129  18  0 
80  1  6 


72  14  10 
63  3  4 


42  10  8 


1160  14  1 
114  12  9 
40  1  10 
21  6  8 


242  1  10 
66  10  5 


£  s. 

2095  11 
1182  15 
11  3 
460  1 


261.17  9 
112  9  7 
92  10  0 
212  5  6 
404  5  2 
745  14  9 


284  7  5 
136  18  2 


5999  18  9 


981  19  1 
174  0  6 
44  13  6 
27  6  2 


Salaries  and  Wages. 

By  Salaries  of  Officers  .. 
Wages  of  Servants  . 


By 


Total 
Clothing  . 


16  18  3 
6  12  1 
0  17  11 

38  4  7 
93  2  9 
18  5  3 
27  15  10 

17  12  0 


1594  4  4 


61  1  9 
36  6  0 
36  17  11 
38  4  9 


750  5  2 
24  12  9 


15  9  9 
6  11  3 

1  9  2 
62  10  10 


16  10  0 
19  17  6 
14  8  0 


49  0 
48  3  2 
2  5 
63  9 


£  s. 
2036  13 
1099  15 
9  19 
372  9 
229  11 
114  11  11 
84  9  0 
200  10  6 
432  12  2 
714  8  8 


296  1  2 
398  18  0 


5989  19  7 


£  s.  d. 
7675  13  5 
4671  5  0 
44  17  1 


1607  18 
958  7 
412  2 
349  14 
820  7 
1717  19 
2666  3 


s.  d. 


1373  1  9 
1754  5  10 


24050  15  8 


1027  14  9 
121  6  0 
44  11  7 
42  16  0 


535  12  11 
61  5  0 


35  13  6 
38  17  8 
31  0  3 
33  13  11 


62  13  8 
5  3  2 
0  16  0 
71  16  3 


13  15  0 
21  8  6 
12  16  0 


1954  14  6  2354  3  5 


Total 


Medicine,  Sfc. 

By  Drugs,  Leeches, 
Trusses,  &c.  ... 
Wine  and  Spirits  . 

Porter  and  Ale  . 

Fish  .Poultry  .Oranges, 
&c,  . . . 


Total  ..... 

By  Incidentals.... 

Total  Expenditure  \ 
from  Weekly  Rate  J 


1146  10  10  1273  18  6 


921  8  0 
1565  8  11 


2486  16  11 


77  3  2 
377  19  0 
127  13 


922  5  0 
1588  14  8 


1079  14  1 


53  3 
5  11 
0  15 
44  12 
17  16 
24  6 
41  17 
17  12 


24050  15  8 


3930  2  5 
550  4  3 
174  .  3  6 
133  0  1 


1657  17  11 
232  9  8 


218  10  3 
186  10  2 
70  3  6 
177  18  4 


148  5 
23  17 
3  18 
217  4 
110  18 
72  16 
110  19 
62  8 


2178  5  11 


1315  12  5 


916  18  10 
1598  6  8 


2510  19  8  2515  5  6 


3 

121  8  0 


.704  3  5 


76  10 


12136  15  8 


Repairs. 


53  12  6 
95  18  6 
108  13  0 


112  11  8 


370  15  8 


71  5  9 
232  16  0 
124  0  4 


1188  1  8 
1620  8  1 


2808  9  9 


8081  8  2 


8081  8  2 


4815  15  9  4815  15  9 


3948  13  6 
6372  IS  4 


10321  11  10 


109  14  10 


206  2  3 


12248  17  10 


537  16  11 


178  11  10 


58  14  7 
125  1  3 
115  5  0 


102  10  3 


401  11  1 


162  4  1 


12665  10  6 


12856  2  10 


10321  1  10  I 


260  16  0 
831  14  9 
475  11  7 


446  4  9 


2014  7  1 


623  8  4 


49907  6  10 


2014  7  1 
623  8  4 


49907  6  10 


From  County  Rate. 


By  Labour  . 

Building  and  other 
Materials, viz. — 
Bricks,  Slates,  &c... 

Timber  . . . 

Iron,  Lead, Zinc,  &c. 

Glass  . . . . 

Paint,  8cc . 

Sundries  . . . . . . 

Insurance  . 


Improvements . 


£59582  19  0 


TotalExpenditurefroml 
County  Rate  . / 


1082  8  4 


1082  8  4 


747  15  -0 


966  2  7 


33  0  0 


948  19  1 


747  15  0 


999  2  7 


Total  Expenditure 


13219  4  0 


12996  12  10 


13664  13  1 


352  17  5 


1301  16  6 


3745  5  0 


385  17  5 


4131  2  6 


4131  2  5 


14157  19  4 


54038  9  3 
Balance 
£ 


54038  9  3 
5544  9  9 


59582  19  0 


Examined  by  the  Committee  of  Accounts,  14 th  January,  1S02. 

W.  H.  WYATT,  Chairman. 


49 


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50 


APPENDIX  F. 


ittitftlegtt  ^Pountg  Eunattc  ^teglum,  &olneg 


THE  ESTABLISHMENT — 31st  December,  1861. 


OFFICERS. 


.Resident  Medical  Superin¬ 
tendents— 

(a)  Mr.  W.  G.  Marshall, 
Female  Department 
*  (a)  Mr.  D.  F.  T'yerman, 
Male  ditto  . 

( d )  The  Rev.  W.  Bullock, Chap¬ 

lain  . 

(c)  Mr.  T.  H.  Chany,  Clerk  of 
the  Asylum  (e)  . 

(e)  Mr.  J.  S.  Skaife,  Clerk  to 

Committee  of  Visitors .... 
(a)  Mr.  G.  TI.  Henderson, 

Steward . 

Dr.  W  C.  Tucker,  Assistant 
Medical  Officer,  Male  De¬ 
partment  . 

Mr.  J.  V.  Faull,  ditto,  Female 

Department . 

Mr.  G.  R.  Irvine,  ditto.  Female 

Department  . . 

Mr.  R.  G.  Rose,  Dispenser  . . 
(c)  Mr.  R  Quilton,  Assistant 

Clerk  (e)  . 

(c)  R.  T.  Eade,  Assistant 
Clerk  (e) . 


Per  Ann. 
£  s.  d. 
500  0  0 

500  0  0 

200  0  0 

300  0  0 

130  0  0 

450  0  0 

150  0  0 

100  0  0 

100  0  0 
100  0  0 

100  0  0 

52  0  0 


( b )  Mr.  J.  H.  Kei ridge,  As¬ 
sistant  Storekeeper. ..... 

(c)  Mr.W.  C.  Arlolt,  Steward’s 

Clerk  (e) . . .  .  ...... 

(a)  Mr.  H.  Johns,  Clerk  of  the 


Mr.  J.  T.  Ford,  Inspector - 

Mr.  J.  Aggas  ditto . 

(a)  Miss  S.  Culling,  Matron  . 
(a)  Miss  S.  Builder,  Matron. . 
Mrs.  A.  Pollard,  Matrons’ As- 


Miss  E.  Hemmings,  ditto - 

Mrs.  E.  J.  Goble,  House- 


Mrs.  A.  J.  Bate, Work  Mistress 
Miss  E.  Young,  Schoolmis- 


Mrs.  E.  Welham,  Superin- 


SERVANTS— MALE. 


1  Attendant  . .at  40  0  0 

3  Attendants  .  at  38  0  0 


2 

2 

1 

2 

3 

3 

1 

5 

8 

28 


at  37  0  0 
at  36  0  0 
at  35  0  0 
at  33  0  0 
at  32  0  0 
at  30  0  0 
at  29  0  0 

at  27  0  0 
at  26  i>  0 
at  25  0  0 


1  House  Porter  .  at  25  0  0 

1  Messman .  at  31  0  0 

1  Laundry  Attendant  ....  at  27  0  0 

(c)  3  Attendants  (Garden). .  at  110 

(/)  2  Gate  Porters .  “  J  *  J] 


Per  Ann. 

£ 

s. 

d. 

100 

0 

0 

60 

0 

0 

200 

0 

0 

50 

0 

0 

50 

0 

0 

150 

0 

0 

150 

0 

0 

40 

0 

0 

35 

0 

0 

50 

0 

0 

40 

0 

0 

40 

0 

0 

75 

0 

0 

;,772 

0 

0 

£ 

s. 

d. 

240 

0 

0 

40 

0 

0 

114 

0 

0 

74 

0 

0 

72 

0 

0 

35 

0 

0 

66 

0 

0 

96 

0 

0 

90 

0 

0 

29 

0 

0 

135 

0 

0 

208 

0 

0 

700 

0 

0 

25 

0 

0 

31 

0 

0 

27 

0 

0 

163 

16 

0 

114 

8 

0 

Carried  forward  ^2,260  4  0 


(а)  Lodged,  and  allowed  Coals,  Gas,  Butter,  Milk,  and  Vegetables.  The  Matrons, 
washing. 

(б)  Boarded  only.  (c)  Neither  Boarded  nor  Lodged. 

( d )  With  House  and  Garden.  ( e )  Dinner  allowed  daily. 

( f )  Lodged  and  allowed  Coals,  Gas,  Milk,  and  Vegetables.  One  Gate  Porter,  Beer. 

All  the  others  have  Board,  Lodging,  and  Washing. 

*  Retired  this  day;  now,  Dr.  E.  Sheppard. 


51 


THE  ESTABLISHMEN T — continued. 


( b )  2  Porters  (Store  room) 

( b )  1  Labourer  „ 

( b )  1  Butcher . .  .... 

(6)  1  Cook  . 


(c)  5  Shoemakers 


{; 


(c)  1  Assistant  ditto . 

(c)  1  Laundry  Stoker . 

(c)  4  Coal  Carriers . 

(c)  2  Coal  Carters  ......  || 

(c)  4  Gasmen  .  i  , 


(c)  5  Stokers 


(*) 


1  Stoker  in 
Kitchen  . 


Female 


(c)  1  Labourer,  Airing  Cour 

(c)  1  Labourer  (Cleaning 

Vegetables) . 

(d)  1  Cowman . . ... . 

(c)  I  Assistant,  ditto  . 

(e)  1  Pigman . . 

(c)  1  Farm  Labourer . 

(c)  1  Head  Gardener . 

(e)  4  Garden  Labourers  . 

(c)  2  Gardeners  —  Front 

Grounds  . 

(c)  1  Carter  . 

(c)  1  Gravedigger,  &c.  . 


130 


} 


£  s. 

d. 

£ 

s. 

d- 

Brought  forward  2,260 

4 

0 

.  at 
.  at 

i 

i 

2 

0 

o  o 

per  Week 

. . .  109 

4 

0 

at 

0 

15 

0 

. .  39 

0 

0 

at 

45 

0 

0 

per  Year 

0 

0 

at 

30 

0 

0 

*  i 

0 

0 

at 

0 

7 

0 

per  Week 

4 

0 

at 

at 

1 

0 

7 

12 

°\ 

0/ 

»» 

S 

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at 

at 

1 

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17 

°\ 

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01 

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8 

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18 

9  > 

4 

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at 

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0 

7 

18 

S} 

99 

.  117 

0 

0 

at 

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0 

0 

9) 

.  52 

0 

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9  9 

16 

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Of 

99 

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1 

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0 

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at 

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S9 

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0 

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at 

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18 

9 

°\ 

Oj 

99 

12 

0 

at 

0 

12 

0 

99 

4 

0 

at 

0 

18 

0 

99 

16 

0 

at 

1 

5 

0 

0 

0 

at 

0 

15 

0 

99 

0 

0 

at 

0 

14 

0 

9  9 

8 

0 

at 

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0 

9  9 

.  36 

8 

0 

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5 

0 

9> 

0 

0 

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0 

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0 

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.  156 

0 

0 

at 

0 

15 

0 

99 

0 

0 

at 

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13 

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9  9 

16 

0 

at 

0 

15 

0 

99 

0 

0 

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0 

7 

0 

9y 

4 

0 

£4,834  13  4 


SERVANTS— FEMALE. 

£  s.  d.  £  s.  d„ 

1  Attendant  . at  29  0  0  per  Year .  29  0  0 

2  Attendants  . at  28  0  0  ,,  .  56  0  0 

1  „  . at  27  0  0  „  .  27  0  0 


Carried  forward  ^6J112  0  0 

(c)  Neither  Boarded  nor  Lodged. 


(b)  Boarded  only. 

( d )  House,  Coals,  and  Milk. 

The  others  have  Board,  Lodging,  and  Washing. 


52 


THE  ESTABLISHMENT — continued. 


£  s.  d. 


4 

Attendants . . 

26 

0 

0 

per  Tear 

1 

99  •»•«••••• 

25 

0 

0 

1 

24 

0 

0 

2 

23 

0 

0 

>> 

2 

22 

0 

0 

11 

21 

0 

0 

99 

4 

20 

0 

0 

99 

1 

19 

0 

0 

1 

18 

0 

0 

9 

17 

0 

0 

16 

16 

0 

0 

34 

15 

0 

0 

1 

Messwoman  . 

24 

0 

0 

1 

Assistant  ditto  . 

12 

0 

0 

1 

Cook . . . 

20 

0 

0 

3 

Kitchenmaids . 

14 

0 

0 

2 

Housemaids  . „  ..... 

14 

0 

0 

1 

Head  Laundry  Maid 

....  at 

22 

0 

0 

9  9 

t 

..  ..at 

20 

0 

0 

9  9 

1 

Laundry  Maid . 

21 

0 

0 

99 

2 

18 

0 

0 

3 

17 

0 

0 

99 

3 

16 

0 

0 

99 

4 

15 

0 

0 

3 

))  •  •  •  • 

14 

0 

0 

99 

4 

12 

0 

0 

99 

1 

11 

0 

0 

99 

1 

99  *  •  •  • 

10 

0 

0 

99 

322  Females 
130  Males 
25  Officers 


£  s.  d. 

Brought  forward  112  0  0 

.  304  0  0 

. .  25  0  0 

.  24  0  0 

. 46  0  0 

.  44  0  0 

.  231  0  0 

.  80  0  0 

. .  19  0  0 

.  18  0  0 

. .  153  0  0 

.  256  0  0 

.  510  0  0 

. .  24  0  0 

. .  12  0  0 

.  20  0  0 

. .  42  0  0 

.  28  0  0 

....  .  . .  22  0  0 

. .  20  0  0 

.  21  0  0 

. .  36  0  0 

.  51  0  0 

.  48  0  0 

.  60  0  0 

. .  42  0  0 

.  48  0  0 

. . .  11  0  0 

. .  10  0  0 


£2,117  0  0 
4,834  13  4 
3,772  0  0 


277 


£10,723  13  4 


The  above  have  "Board,  Lodging,  and  Washing. 


THOS.  H.  CHANY, 

Clerk  of  the  Asylum . 


APPENDIX  H.  . 

Co  Imp  Hatcfi  lunatic  Steplum. 

Return  of  Patients  annually  admitted  into  the  Asylum,  from,  its  opening  on  the  17 th  July,  1 851,  to  the  31s£ 
Dec.,  1861,  distinguishing  the  Admissions,  Discharges,  Deaths ,  and  those  now  remaining  in  the  Asylum. 


54 


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THOS.  H.  CHANY,  Clerk  of  the  Asylum . 


APPENDIX  I. 

Httmicssev  Countp  lunatic  9teplum,  Colitei? 

DIETARY  FOR  THE  PATIENTS  DAILY. 


♦ 


7? 


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Days  of 
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APPENDIX  K. 


IMPROVEMENTS  ACCOUNT  FOR  THE  YEAR 
ENDING  31st  DECEMBER,  1861. 

£  s.  d. 

Foul  Linen  Closet  in  No.  5  Airing  Court .  33  0  0 

Dough -making  Machine  . . 300  0  0 

Shafting,  &c.,  for  ditto  . .  48  14  11 

Belting  for  ditto  . . 4  2  6 

£385  17  5 


H.  JOHNS, 

Clerk  of  the  Works. 


EEPOET  OP  THE  MALE  DEPAETMENT  EOE  THE 

YEAE  1861. 


1st  January,  1862. 

Gentlemen, 

I  have  the  honour  to  report  that  967  Patients,  being  two 
more  than  in  1860,  have  been  under  care  and  treatment  in  the 
Male  Department  during  the  past  year,  in  which  period  the 
number  of  recoveries  has  been  greater  by  22,  and  of  the  deaths 
less  by  28  ;  these  different  results  appearing  mainly  attributable, 
on  the  one  hand,  to  the  admission  of  a  proportionately  larger 
number  of  curable  cases,  and  on  the  other  to  a  diminished 
number  of  admissions  as  compared  with  those  of  1860,  and 
which  were  consequent  upon  the  enlargement  of  the  building  in 
the  former  of  these  years. 


There  remained  on  the  Eegisters  31st  Dec., 

1860,  Male  Patients .  716 

Admitted  during  the  year  (including  26  re¬ 
admissions)  .  251 

Total  under  care  . . .  —  —967 

Discharged  as  recovered .  69 

Eelieved  and  not  improved  . . . . . . 26 


58 


Died  .  118 

Total  discharged  and  deceased  .  . 213 

Remained  on  the  Registers  31st  Dec.,  1861  754 

Daily  average  number  for  the  year . 


The  following  have  been  the  various  forms  which  the  disease 
presented  in  the  cases  admitted  : — 


Mania  . . 72 

,,  Associated  with  General  Paralysis...  5 

«  »  Epilepsy  .  16 

Melancholia . 58 

,,  Associated  with  Epilepsy  .  1 

Dementia .  80 

,,  Associated  with  General  Paralysis  45 

„  „  Epilepsy  .  14 

Idiocy  and  Imbecility  .  7 


248 


Thus,  as  heretofore,  a  considerable  proportion  of  the  “eases 
has  been  complicated  with  Epilepsy  and  General  Paralysis, 
whilst  many  of  those  not  so  complicated  have  been  of  a  chronic 
character. 

General  Paralysis  has,  as  usual,  been  one  of  the  principal 
causes  of  death,  and  next  to  it  ranks  Epilepsy. 


Of  General  Paralysis  have  died  .  43 

„  Epilepsy .  23 

,,  Decay  and  Infirmity  .  16 


59 


Of  Pulmonary  Consumption  . . 

,,  Peritonitis  . , . . 

,,  Bronchitis  . . 

„  Maniacal  Exhaustion  . . . 

„  Chronic  Pulmonary  Disease  . . 

,,  Maniacal  Exhaustion  and  Fractures  of 

the  Bibs  . . . . . . . 

,,  Disease  of  the  Brain  with  Paralysis. . 

„  Erysipelas  and  Decay . . . . . 

,,  Asphyxia  by  Accidental  Suffocation  . . . 

,,  Pup t ure  of  Cerebral  Veins . 

,,  Emphysema  of  Lungs,  and  General 

Dropsy . 

„  Exhaustion  and  Gangrenous  Abscesses. 

„  Disease  of  the  Pleart  and  Lungs . 

„  Exhaustion  and  Spinal  Paralysis . 

„  Disease  of  the  Heart  . . . 

„  Asphyxia  by  .Strangulation . 

„  Gangrene  of  the  Foot :  an  Epileptic  ... 
„  Gangrene  of  the  Foot  and  Effusion  on 
Brain . . . .- 


14 

1 

2 

4 

1 

1 

2 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 


Total 


118 


Coroners’  Inquests  have  been  held  in  six  cases. 

In  the  first  the  Patient  was  found  dead  lying  upon  the  face  in 
his  bed. 

* 

In  the  second  the  elbows  were  cut  and  ulcerated  from  a  fall, 
and  fractures  of  the  ribs  found  upon  the  post-mortem  examina- 


60 


tion.  These  fractures  appeared  to  me  of  very  different  dates, 
an  opinion  supported  by  that  of  Mr.  Solly,  who  was  consulted 
by  the  Committee  upon  the  subject.  Subsequently  to  the  in¬ 
quiry  and  the  publication  of  the  case  in  the  newspapers,  Mr.  T. 
Goode,  an  Attendant  upon  the  Insane  in  the  Workhouse  from 
which  the  Patient  was  sent,  offered  a  statement  to  the  effect  that 
the  deceased,  when  under  his  observation,  fell  from  a  wall,  and 
threw  himself  about  in  the  most  reckless  manner,  after  which  he 
became  collapsed,  but  rallied  under  the  administration  of  restora¬ 
tives. 

In  the  third  case  a  young  Epileptic  Patient  was  suffocated  by 
attempting  to  swallow  a  portion  of  flannel  which  lodged  in  the 
pharynx. 

In  the  fourth  case  the  Patient  died  from  effusion  of  blood 
upon  the  brain,  the  result  of  a  fall  upon  the  edge  of  his  bed¬ 
stead  by  being  pushed  down  in  the  night  by  another  Patient. 

In  the  fifth  case  suffocation  occurred  in  an  Epileptic  fit. 

In  the  sixth  case  the  deceased  was  found  strangled  bv  another 
Patient,  by  means  of  a  neckerchief  which  was  passed  round  the 
neck,  and  concealed  by  that  usually  worn,  and  by  the  dress. 
Injury  of  an  intestine  was  also  found  in  the  post-mortem  exa¬ 
mination,  indicating  that  the  deceased  was  knelt  upon  whilst  the 
act  was  committed. 

Since  this  distressing  occurrence  another  attempt  at  strangula¬ 
tion  was  made  by  a  young  Irish  Patient,  who  is  demented  and 
habitually  taciturn. 

A  Paralytic  Patient  suffered  excessive  haemorrhage  by  thrust- 


61 


ing  his  hand  and  arm  through  a  pane  of  glass,  wounding  the 
radial  artery.  The  haemorrhage  was,  however,  restrained  by 
compression,  and  the  control  of  the  circulation  by  a  tourniquet 
applied  over  the  brachial  artery. 

In  two  instances  the  clavicle  has  been  fractured :  in  one, 
by  a  fall  in  an  epileptic  fit ;  in  the  other,  by  the  sufferer  being 
knocked  down  by  another  Patient,  an  Epileptic. 

In  one  instance  the  elbow  was  partially  dislocated  dining  a 
violent  attack  made  upon  an  Attendant. 

In  two  cases  the  shoulder  was  dislocated  :  in  one,  by  a  fall  in 
a  fit  of  epilepsy ;  in  the  other,  by  the  PatieBt  resisting  the  efforts 
of  an  Attendant  to  prevent  his  escape. 

All  these  cases  have  done  well. 

Fifteen  escapes  have  occurred  during  the  Year,  and  at  its 
close  two  of  the  Patients  remained  absent  from  the  Asylum. 

It  has  been  necessary  in  two  cases  to  resort  to  some  kind  of 
restraint ;  in  one  (that  of  the  Patient  who  wounded  his  radial 
artery)  by  firmly  securing  the  right  hand  to  the  side  of  the  bed 
to  prevent  his  tearing  away  the  dressings;  in  the  other,  by 
placing  the  arms  and  hands  beneath  the  dress,  or  sheeting,  to 
prevent  constant  abrasion  of  the  face  by  the  fingers,  and  which 
resulted  in  Erysipelas  of  the  face,  but  which  subsided  on  re¬ 
moving  the  cause. 

Extremely  dangerous  and  homicidal  tendencies  have  been 
frequently  manifested  by  several  epileptic  and  maniacal  Patients, 


62: 


and  injuries  have  occurred  to  Attendants ;  in  one  instance,  by 
the  Patient  seizing  an  Attendant  and  dashing  his  head  against 
a  window  mullion,  concussion  of  the  brain  resulting. 

I  am  happy  to  report  the  improved  condition  of  two  Wards 
by  the  removal  of  the  Asphalte  Flooring,  and  substituting  floors 
of  Wood ;  and  that  of  other  Wards  by  extending  the  plan  for 
promoting  better  Ventilation  by  placing  the  Gas  Lights  beneath 
openings  in  the  Ceilings,  and  which  communicate  by  means  of 
flues  with  the  chimney  shafts. 

The  insertion  of  perforated  zinc  panels  in  the  upper  part 
of  the  doors  of  all  the  dormitories  has  greatly  facilitated  the  duty 
of  night  watching ;  and  as  all  the  eighteen -bedded  rooms,  as  well 
as  the  large  dormitory,  are  lighted  overhead  during  the  night, 
the  Patients  can  easily  be  observed  without  opening  the  doors. 
These  arrangements  are  found  greatly  to  contribute  to  the 
comfort  of  the  Patients,  who  do  not  object  to  use  an  associated 
room.  In  the  cases  in  which  an  objection  is  made,  the  Patients 
are  accommodated  in  single  rooms. 


The  health  of  the  Patients  has  been  promoted  by  the  usual 
occupations,  and  by  daily  exercise  around  the  premises,  facilitated 
by  the  extended  walks  in  process  of  formation.  Several  pic¬ 
nic  excursions  into  the  country  have  been  made,  affording  great 
pleasure  to  all,  and  considerably  benefiting  many  who  partici¬ 
pated  in  them. 

Much  benefit  to  the  Institution  is  to  be  anticipated  by  the 
increase  in  the  staff  of  the  Attendants,  and  the  greater  division 
of  their  responsibilities. 


63  s 

Efficient  assistance  has  been  rendered  me  by  Dr.  Tucker,  the 
Assistant  Medical  Officer,  under  the  very  onerous  responsibilities 
and  labours  of  the  office  from  which  I  now  retire,  respectfully 
and  sincerely  wishing  you  every  success  in  further  promoting 
the  comfort  and  recovery  of  the  Insane. 

I  have  the  honour  to  be,  Gentlemen, 

Your  most  obedient,  humble  Servant, 

D.  T.  TYEEMAN. 

The  Chairman  and  Committee  of  Visitors. 


64 


TABLE  I. — (Males.) 

Form  of  the  Disease  of  the  251  Male  Patients  admitted 
during  the  Year  ending  December  31$^,  1861. 

Mania .  76 

- - —  complicated  with  General  Paralysis .  9 

- -  Epilepsy  . . .  6 

Monomania  .  2 

Melancholia  .....  . .  45 

- complicated  with  General  Paralysis  2 

— - - Epilepsy .  2 

Dementia .  60 

- —  complicated  with  General  Paralysis  . .  32 

- - * - Epilepsy .  8 

Idiocy  and  Imbecility  . 9 

Total .  251 


TABLE  II.— (Males.) 

Combination  of  Mental  Disturbance  with  Epilepsy  iti  23 
Epileptic  Cases  admitted  during  the  Year  ending  31s£ 
December ,  1860. 

Epilepsy  with  Mania  .  10 

- - Dementia . 10 

—  -  Melancholia . . .  1 

J - - - Idiocy  and  Imbecility .  ...  2 


Total 


23 


65 


TABLE  III. 


Duration  of  the  Disorder  in  the  251  Male  Patients  admitted 
during  the  Year  ending  December  315/,  1861. 


DUKATION. 

MALES. 

Not  exceeding  1  Week 

40 

2  Weeks 

10 

>> 

3 

55 

9 

55 

1  Month 

11 

»» 

2  Months 

9 

55 

3 

55 

16 

?  ? 

4 

55 

6 

55 

5 

55 

5 

55 

6 

55 

7 

95 

7 

55 

3 

55 

8 

55 

2 

55 

9 

55 

•  * 

3 

55 

10 

55 

1 

5? 

1 

Year 

8 

59 

2 

Years 

7 

55 

3 

55 

4 

55 

4 

55 

4 

55 

6 

55 

2 

55 

7 

55 

2 

55 

8 

5  5 

2 

55 

10 

55 

•  • 

2 

55 

11 

55 

1 

55 

13 

55 

• 

1 

35 

14 

55 

1 

55  r 

24 

3  5 

2 

55 

26 

55 

2 

From  Birth 

• 

•  • 

•  « 

4 

Not  ascertained 

i  • 

♦  • 

87. 

*  e  ;  v  tr 

Total. . 

251 

66 


TABLE  IV. 

Causes  of  the  Disorder  in  the  251  Male  Patients  admitted 
during  the  Year  ending  December  31s£,  186  . 

MORAL. 


Fright .  5 

Grief... . 3 

Over  Study .  5 

Religion  .  4 

Domestic  Troubles .  2 

Anxiety  . 1 

Went  of  Employment  .  5 

Loss  of  Situation . 1 

Misfortune .  9 


PHYSICAL. 

Epilepsy .  7 

Injury  to  Head  . * .  6 

Intemperance  . . 19 

Disease  of  Brain  . .  5 

Paralysis . 3 

Insolation  . 2 

Fall . 3 

Business  . 3 

Masturbation  . * . .  * »  3 

Not  ascertained .  165 


Total 


251 


TABLE  Y. 


Station  or  Occupation  of  the  251  Male  Patients  admitted 
during  the  Year  ending  December  31«s^,  1861. 


Draper’s  Assistants  . .  . 
French  Polishers . 

f  :■ i  -t 

Miners  . . 

Stone  Masons  . 

Labourers  . . 

Blacksmiths . 

Bookbinders . 

Shipwrights . 

Costermongers . 

Cabmen . 

Grainers  . 

Porters . . .  . . 

Engineer  . 

Poulterer  . 

Commercial  Travellers 

Bakers  . . 

Printers . . 

Farmers . . 

V*  atchmakers  ....  1 . 

Bricklayers  . 

Carvers  and  Gilders  . . 

Carpenters  . 

Weavers  . 

Mail  Guard  ........ 

Cabinetmakers . 

Schoolmaster . 

Shopmen  . 

Sailors  . 

Shoemakers  . . . 

Tailors  . 

Brush  makers . . 

Compositors . 

Gardeners . 


3 

2 

2 

5 

35 

9 

3 

4 
7 

3 
2 

4 
1 
1 

3 

7 

4 
2 

3*  1 

8 
2 
3 
2 
1 
9 
1 

3 

4 

6 
9 
2 
2 
3 


Brought  forward  . .  . .  155 


Publicans  .  2 

Clerks  .  14 

Policemen .  2 

Cigar  Maker .  1 

Domestic  Servants  .  7 

Law  Writer .  1 

Acrobat .  1 

Waterman . . .  1 

Groeers . 3 

Goldsmith . , .  1 

Messengers  .  2 

Carmen .  5 

Hatters .  4 

Gunsmith .  1 

Custom  House  Officer .  1 

Cheesemonger  . 1 

Commission  Agents  — .  3 

'Bargeman  . .  1 

Drover  .  1 

Glass  Cutter .  1 

Cellarmen .  3 

Coal  Whippers .  2 

Butcher .  1 

Plumbers  .  2 

Coopers .  2 

Barbers . 3 

Paper  Stainers .  2 

Coachman.... .  1 

Station  Masters  . .  2 

Not  ascertained .  25 

.  .  Total . 251 


Carried  forward 


155 


68 


TABLE  VI. 

Degree  of  Education  of  the  251  Male  Patients  admitted  during 
the  Year  ending  December  31s  it,  1861. 

Can  Read  and  Write  .  76 

Cannot  Read  and  Write . . ....  r  t ... .  23 

Can  Read  and  Write  imperfectly  .  17 

Not  ascertained  . . 135 

Total.. .  251 


TABLE  VII. 

Proportion  of  the  Married ,  Single ,  and  Widowed  of  the  251 
Male  Patients  admitted  during  the  Year  ending  December 
31  st,  1861. 

Single  . . 93 

Married . 123 

Widowed  . . 17 

Not  ascertained  18 

Total . 251 


TABLE  VIII. 

4 

Religious  Persuasion  of  the  251  Male  Patients  admitted  during 
the  Year  ending  December  31  st,  1861. 

Established  Church . - .  . .  . .  208 

Protestant  Dissent  . . . . .  9 

Roman  Catholic  . . . . .  18 

J e wish  . . .  2 

NGt  ascertained  . . .  14 

251 


Total 


69 


TABLES  IX.  and  X. 


Age  at  the  Time  of  the  First  Attack  of  Insanity ,  and  of 
Admission  into  the  Asylum,  of  the  251  Male  Patients 
admitted  during  the  Year  ending  December  2>\st,  1861. 


Age. 

First  Attack. 

Admission. 

Under  5  Years  . . 

From  5  to  10  Years  ........ 

2 

1 

,,  10  to  15  ,,  ........ 

3 

2 

„  15  to  20  „  . . 

9 

14 

„  20  to  25  „  ........ 

25 

21 

„  25  to  30  „  ........ 

22 

32 

,,  30  to  35  ,,  ........ 

34 

36 

,,  35  to  40  ,, 

37 

42 

„  40  to  45  „  ........ 

32 

36 

,,  45  to  50  ,,  ........ 

18 

18 

,,  50  to  55  ,,  ........ 

10 

11 

„  55  to  60  ,,  . . . 

6 

21 

,,  60  to  65  „  . 

5 

6 

„  65  to  70  „  . 

3 

4 

„  70  to  75  „  . 

2 

6 

„  75  to  80  „  . 

6 

1 

Not  ascertained  . 

27 

1 

Total  ........ 

251 

251 

70 


4 


TABLE  XI. 

Causes  of  the  Disorder  in  the  69  Male  Patmits  Discharged 
Cured  during  the  Year  ending  December  31  st,  1861. 


MORAL. 

Loss  of  Situation  . . .  .  2 

Family  Troubles  . 5 

Over  Study  . 2 

Religion  . 4 

Fright  . 2 

Grief  and  Trouble . . .  4 


PHYSICAL. 

Injuries . . 


Intemperance  . 8 

Epilepsy  . . . 2 

Insolation . 2 

Hereditary  . 3 

Masturbation  .......  . . I 

Not  ascertained  .....  . . . 27 

■ 

Total  . . 69 


71 


TABLE  XII. 


Duration  of  Disease  in  the  69  Male  Patients  discharged  Cured 
during  the  Year  ending  December  31s£,  1861. 


Not  exceeding  3  Months  . . . 

4  . 

55  ^  55  . *  *  V* . 

55  ^  55  .  .  .  *  .  . . .  .  .  . 

55  6  „  . 

55  7  55  . . .  *  * 

55  8  55  . .  •  •  • 

„  1  Year  . 


5  5 
55 

55 
55 
'5  5 


2 

3 

4 

5 

6 


Not  ascertained 


Years 

55 

55 

'55 

55 


4 

4 

2 

1 

2 

3 

4 
7 
2 
3 
2 
2 

33 


Total . < .  69 


TABLE  XIII. 

Age  of  the  69  Male  Patients  discharged  Cured  during  the 
Year  ending  December  31s£,  1861. 

AGE. 

From  15  to  20  Years . . . . .  6 


20  to  25 

. . . .  10 

99 

** 

25  to  30 

9  9 

99 

•  •  l  4  •  •  1  «  •  1  I  1  «  4  -•  •  4  1  •  14  6 

30  to  35 

1  H 

99 

99 

35  to  40 

9  9 

99 

40  to  45 

9  9 

99 

45  to  50 

99 

•  •  •  4  t  •  1  4  •  •  r#  •  «  •••  •  •  3 

55 

50  to  55 

55 

55 

55  to  60 

55 

Not  ascertained  .  . . .  .  «  «■» ....... ,  7 


69 


Total 


72 


TABLE  XIV. 


Time  of  Treatment  of  the  69  Male  Patients  discharged  Cured 
during  the  Year  ending  December  31$^,  1861. 

TIME  OF  TREATMENT. 

J  v  -  •  - 

Not  exceeding  1  Month, , ................. .  5 

„  2  Months  ........ .  5 

jj  3  ,,  .......... . . .  6 

3  3  d  . 7 

„  5  „  9 

»  6  »  . .  6 

33  33  . .  4 

33  3  „  5 

33  ^  ,,  4 

„  10  ,,  . . 4 

„  11  „  3 

„  1  Year  . 3 

•  „  2  Years . . . . .  4 

33  3  „  4 

Total  .  69 


TABLE  XV. 

Form  of  the  Disease  in  the  Cases  of  the  118  Male  Patients 
who  have  Died  in  the  Year  ending  December  31  st,  1861. 


Mania  . . . . . . . . .  30 

- -complicated  with  Epilepsy. . .  7 

- - — — — General  Paralysis  ....  8 

Monomania . 1 

Melancholia. . . 10 

Dementia  . 35 

- complicated  with  Epilepsy  .  4 

- General  Paralysis . .  16 

Idiocy  and  Imbecility . . .  4 


complicated  with  Epilepsy  3 


*  '  '  t  ‘  <  f 


118 


:-as 


Total 


73 


TABLE  XYI. 


Duration  of  the  Disease  of  the  118  Male  Patients  who  have  Died 
during  the  Year  ending  December  31s£,  1861. 


Not  exceeding  1  Month 
„  2  Months 


55 

5) 

55 

55 

55 

55 

55 

55 

55 

>5 

55 
55 
55 
55 
55 
5* 
55 
55 
55 
5  5 
55 
55 


3 

4 

5 

6 

7 

8 
9 

10 

11 

1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

7 

8 
9 

10 

11 

12 

24 

27 

68 


))  .................. 

55 

55  *4.«. 

55  ...........  * . . 

55  . . . 

55  .................. 

55  ................  .. 

55  . . 

55  ......  ......  ...... 

Year  . . . 

Years . 

55  ..........  . 

55  • 

55  ......t.tc.i.i.... 

55 

55 

5  5  . . .  . . 

55  •  •  . . .  • 

55  . . . 

55  •  •  •  . 

5  5  . .  *  • 

55  . . .  .  .  . 

55  . . 

55  .................. 


From  Birth  .  . . 
Not  ascertained 


4 
2 
1 
3 

5 

3 

4 
4 
4 
2 
2 
7 

16 

6 

O 

o 

3 

3 

3 

1 

1 

2 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

2 

32 


Total 


118 


TABLE  XVII. 


Age  of  the  118  Male  Patients  who  have  Died  in  the  Year  ending 

December  31-si?,  1861. 


AGE. 


From 

10  to  15  Years  . 

55 

15  to  20 

r> 

20  to  25 

55  • 

55 

25  to  30 

5  5  -»• 

V 

55 

30  to  35 

jj 

35  to  40 

55  • 

»> 

40  to  45 

j?  • 

'  55 

45  to  50 

55  • 

5? 

50  to  55 

55  • 

»» 

55  to  60 

55  * 

J5 

60  to  65 

55  • 

55 

65  to  70 

55  • 

j> 

70  to  75 

5.5  • 

55 

75  to  80 

* 

?» 

80  -to  85 

55 

85  to  90 

Not  ascertained 


0 

1 

13 

16 

11 

16 

15 

11 

6 

10 

2 

6 

2 

3 

1 

0 

5 


Total 


•  •  •  •  • 


75 


TABLE  XVIII. 


Time  under  Treatment  of  the  118  Male  Patients  ivho  have  Pied 
in  the  Year  ending  December  31s^,  1861. 


Not  exceeding  1  Week 


JJ 

2  Weeks 

JJ 

3 

j  j 

JJ 

1  Month 

JJ 

2  Months 

JJ 

3 

jj 

JJ 

4 

jj 

JJ 

5 

jj 

JJ 

6 

jj 

JJ 

7 

jj 

JJ 

8 

jj 

JJ 

9 

j  j 

9? 

10 

59 

11 

5  9 

jj 

1  Year  ! 

jj 

2  Years 

9? 

3 

jj 

99 

4 

j  j 

jj 

5 

jj 

59 

6 

55 

jj 

7 

jj 

>j 

8 

5  *  " 

jj 

9 

jj 

jj  * 

10 

3 
5 
5 

5 
8 
7 
7 

6 
6 

4 
4 
6 

3 
2 

4 
29 

1 


2 

1 

2 

1 

1 

2 

4 


Total 


118 


76 


TABLE  XIX. 


Length  of  Time  that  the  1,041  Male  Patients  ivho  have  Died 
from  the  opening  of  the  Institution  to  the  31  st  December , 
1861,  had  been  under  Treatment  in  the  Asylum. 


TIME  OE  TREATMENT. 

MALES. 

Not  exceeding  1  Week 

27 

>» 

2  Weeks 

35 

3  „ 

8 

>> 

1  Month. 

130 

2  Months 

17 

?> 

3  „  .. 

106 

33 

4  „  .. 

20 

33 

5  „  .. 

19 

33 

6  „  . . 

106 

33 

7  33  t  • 

7 

33 

8  „  .. 

8 

33 

9  „  .. 

96 

>3 

10  „  . . 

-•  • 

6 

33 

11  „  .. 

4 

33 

1  Year  . . 

92 

33 

2  Years . . 

161 

33 

3  „  .. 

74 

33 

4  „  .. 

37 

33 

5  „  « . 

*  • 

22 

33 

6  „  . . 

24 

33 

7  ,3 

13 

33 

8  „ 

10 

'9* 

9  „  .. 

15 

33 

10  „  .. 

Total 

*  • 

•  • 

4 

1,041 

77 


TABLE  XX. 

Causes  of  the  118  Deaths  of  Male  Patients  in  the  Year  ending 

December  31s^,  1861. 

General  Paralysis  and  Exhaustion .  48 

Epilepsy  . .  . . . . . .  18 

Phthisis  Pulinonalis . . . . . .  14 

Age  and  Decay . . . . . . , .  9 

Maniacal  Exhaustion  . 11 

Ditto,  accelerated  by  Fracture  of  the  Ribs . .  1 

Peritonitis .  1 

Bronchitis . 2 

Spinal  Paralysis  . 2 

Senile  Gangrene  . 2 

Pneumonia  .  . . 2 

Erysipelas . . . . . .  .  1 

Asphyxia  by  Choking  . . . 1 

Ditto,  by  Strangulation  . . 1 

Effusion  of  Blood  on  the  Brain,  the  result  of )  ^ 

Mechanical  Injury  . 

General  Dropsy  . 1 

Carbuncle . . . .  « .  1 

Disease  of  the  Heart  . 2 


Total . .  118 


78 


TABLE  XXL 

Form  of  Disease  in  the  Cases  of  the  754  Male  Patients 
remaining  in  the  Asylum  on  the  31  st  December ,  186L 


Mania . 20 

- complicated  Vitli  Epilepsy .  65 

- - -  —  General  Paralysis  . .  3 

- - Recurrent . , .  150 

Melancholia .  51 

- * - -  with  Suicidal  tendency .  2 

Monomania . 6 

Dementia  . 265 

- __ - with  Epilepsy ' .  97 

- - — . -  General  Paralysis . .  61 

Idiocy  and  Imbecility  .  28 

— - with.  Epilepsy  ....  6 


Total 


754 


79 


TABLE  XXII. 

Duration  of  Insanity  in  the  Cases  of  the  754  Male  Patients 
remaining  in  the  Asylum  on  the  31s£  December ,  1861. 


Xot  exceeding  1  Month 
,,  2  Months 


3  3 

3 

33 

4 

)) 

33 

5 

?  ? 

33 

6 

)  > 

33 

7' 

55 

33 

8 

33 

33 

9 

33 

33 

10 

33 

33 

11 

33 

33 

1  Year 

33 

2  Years 

33 

33 

33 

4 

33 

33 

5 

’  33 

33 

6 

33 

33 

7 

33 

33 

8 

33 

33 

9 

33 

33 

10 

33 

33 

11 

33 

33 

12 

33 

33 

13 

33 

S3 

14 

33 

33 

15 

33 

33 

16 

33 

DURATION. 


i 


12 

7 


3 


5 

4 

5 
3 
€ 


.  55 
.  56 
.  55 
.  25 
.  15 
.  13 
.  10 
.  11 
.  11 
6 

.  10 


2 


Carried  forward 


397 


80 


Brought  forward .  397 

Not  exceeding  17  Years  .  1 


» 

18 

.  1 

19 

))  ••••••••••••••• 

.  2 

99 

20 

9  9  . . . 

.  1 

9  9 

99 

21 

99  '  . . . 

.  1 

22 

9  9  • . . 

.  2 

9  9 

23 

9  9  . •  •*.•••••• 

.  5 

24 

9  9  '  '  '  *  . . •  •  •  ♦ 

.  3 

99 

25 

9  9  . . . 

*  f  . . ••••. 

.  2 

26  „  . . .  1 


30 

>>  . 

.  2 

99 

9  9 

33 

V 

.  1 

34 

9  9  ••••••• 

9  9  . 

.  1 

»  36  ,,  .  2 

)  >  39  , ,  ••••►• . . . .  1 


>> 

5) 

44 

>> 

1 

48 

9  9  • 

>> 

2 

53 

1 

9  9 

62 

9  9 

> } 

1 

Not  ascertained  . .  323 


Total .  754 


81 


TABLE  XXIII. 

Ages  of  the  754  Male  Patients  remaining  in  the  Asylum  on  the 

31st  December,  1861. 

AGES. 


From  5  to  10  years .  6 

„  10  „  15  „  16 

„  35  „  20  „  26 

„  20  „  25  „  31 

„  25  „  30  „  37 

„  30  „  35  „  120 

„  35  ,,40  „  .  112 

„  40  „  45  „  109 

„  45  „  50  „  100 

„  50  „  55  „  87 

„  55  „  60  „  31 

n  60  „  65  „  28 

„  65  „  70  „  14 

3,  70  „  75  „  12 

,,  7o  5,  80  ,,  5 

Xot  ascertained  .  20 


Total .  754 


TABLE  XXIV. 

Length  of  Time  that  the  754  Male  Patients  remaining  on  the 
31st  December ,  1861,  have  bee7i  in  the  Asylum. 

TIME. 

Xot  exceeding  1  Month . .  34 

2  Months .  15 


u 

>) 

a 

)) 

>> 

?? 
5  J 
J? 
)7 
)i 
3  } 
3) 
33 
33 
33 


3 

4 

5 

6 

7 

8 
9 

10 

11 


33 
33 
33 
33 
33 
33 
33 
3  3 
33 


23 

43 

52 

7 

15 

5 

10 

22 

29 


1  Year  .  49 

2  Years  .  56 


3 

4 

5 

6 

7 

8 
9 

10 


33 

33 

33 

33 

33 

33 

33 

33 


79 

47 

66 

36 

28 

66 

36 

36 


Total . 


754 


W.  C.  TUCKEE,  M.D.,  Assistant  Medical  Officer. 


\ 


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V.  ^ 


MEDICAL  REPORT 


OF 

THE  FEMALE  DEPARTMENT. 


TO  THE  VISITING  JUSTICES  OE  THE  COLNEY 
HATCH  LUNATIC  ASYLUM,  MIDDLESEX. 

December  31^,  1861. 

Gentlemen, 

The  Admissions,  Discharges,  and  Deaths  of  Eemale  Patients 
during  the  past  year,  with  the  usual  tabular  statements  of  other 
records  relating  to  the  management  of  this  Division  of  your 
valuable  Institution,  I  beg  to  submit  for  your  consideration. 

There  remained  of  Eemale  Patients  on  January 
1st,  1861  . . .  1,057 

Admitted  during  the  year .  272 

Total  under  care  . .  1,329 

Daily  average  number  . . .  1,089 

Of  these  there  have  been  discharged,  as 

Recovered  . 75 

Relieved .  49 

Not  Improved  .  7 

Died  .  84 


Total . . . * 

Remaining  in  the  Asylum,  31st  December,  1861  .. 


215 

1,114 


84 


The  Admissions  of  the  past  year  have,  unfortunately,  been  of 
a  very  unfavourable  character  with  respect  to  their  recovering  or 
fitness  for  leaving  the  Asylum ;  one-third  of  the  cases  having 
been  previously  confined  in  other  Institutions  of  a  similar 
description  for  several  years,  and  in  many  others  the  disease  is 

•  **•  ^ #  -  •  •  5  ^  •  /  .  .1  ^  1  j  ■  f 

complicated  with  Epilepsy  and  Paralysis,  whilst  theJ  geheral 
weakness  and  prostration  present  in  almost  all  the  cases  preclude 
the  hope  of  many  future  recoveries. 


Of  the  272  admissions  there  have  been  discharged — 


Recovered  .  26 

Relieved .  15 

Died  . 19 

Remaining . . 212 


The  chief  forms  of  the  diseases  have  been  Mania,  Melan¬ 
cholia,  Imbecility  with  Epilepsy,  &c.,  Recurrent  Mania,  and 
Recurrent  Melancholia. 


Of  the  7  5  cases  discharged  as  Recovered,  it  is  interesting  to 
state  that  the  residence  of  years  in  an  Asylum  does  not  prevent 
many  Patients  again  undertaking  their  previous  responsibility 
and.  avocation  in  life.  Some  instances  have  occurred  during  the 
past  year  in.  which  the  Patient  has  spent  more  than  ten  years  in 

.  .4  •  *  .'*,*/  >  .  r  : 

this  Asylum,  in  addition  to  many,  in  other  Institutions. 

The  usual  kind  and  considerate  plan  adopted  by  the  Com¬ 
mittee,  in  allowing  many  of  the  Patients  who  have  been  pre¬ 
viously  out  on  trial  with  their  friends  or  relatives,  has  been  the 
means  of  regaining  mutual  confidence. 

•  C  r.  v 

Amongst  the  number  of  those  thus  permitted  out  on  trial,  it 
was  found  necessary  to  retain  nine,  in  consequence  of  their 


85 


mental  condition  not  being  considered  sufficiently  satisfactory 
for  discharge ;  and  in  one  unfortunate  case  a  sudden  suicidal ' 
impulse  occurred,  during  which  she  inflicted  a  severe  wound 
with  a  knife  across  the  throat:  happily,  it  was  not  of  a  fatal 
character.  She  recovered  from  the  injury,  and  is  again  one  of 
the  most  useful  Patients  in  the  Asylum  in  nursing  and  consoling 
her  fellow- sufferers. 

The  Deaths  during  the  past  year,  amounting  to  84,  are  of  a 

larger  actual  number  than  those  that  have  taken  place  in  the 

previous  years;  but,  considering  the  daily  average  number  of 

Patients  residing  in  the  Asylum,  they  bear  about  the  same 

average,  no  particular  fatal  epidemic  disease  having  increased 

the  mortality. 

«/ 


The  causes  of  Deaths  can  be  arranged  in  the  following  order, 
viz. : — 


Apoplexy . 

Bronchitis  . . . . 

Cancer . . . 

Epilepsy  . . . . . 

General  Paralysis . . . . 

Natural  Decay,  with  Bronchitis,  &c.  ... 

Pulmonary  Consumption . 

Maniacal  Exhaustion  . 

V 

l  «  . . . '  •  ,  l  •  /  t  ■ 

Peritonitis  . . . 

Ovarian  Dropsy  . . . 

Other  Diseases . 


7 

4 

2 

7 
14 
18 
14 

8 

1 

.  *  • 

2 

,7 


Total  . . .  84 

V  r  j  i 

It  was  found  necessary  to  have  an  Inquest  upon  one  of  the 


86 


Patients  who  died  rather  suddenly  in  the  night,  after  a  con¬ 
tinued  attack  of  maniacal  excitement.  The  Verdict  of  the  Jury 
was,  “  Died  from  failure  of  the  Heart.  Natural  Death.” 

The  casualties  that  have  occurred  have  been  of  rather  more 
serious  nature,  four  Patients  having  accidentally  suffered  from 
fractured  legs.  In  one  instance  it  was  necessary  to  restrain 
the  Patient  by  means  of  a  sheet  fastened  across  the  body  and 
arms  for  a  few  days,  the  fracture  being  compound,  the  Patient 
also  suffering  from  Mania  with  Epilepsy.  One  Patient  had 
fracture  of  the  left  side  of  the  lower  jaw,  in  consequence  of  her 
chin  coming  in  contact  with  the  floor  in  the  Ward  during  an 
Epileptic  seizure. 

It  is  pleasing  to  be  able  not  to  record  any  fatal  casualty, 

although  several  unsuccessful  attempts  have  been  made  by  many 

Patients  to  commit  suicide  by  strangulation,  hanging,  and 

drowning  (whilst  being  bathed).  A  violent  Epileptic  attempted 

to  burn  a  hole  in  her  throat  with  a  poker  which  had  been 

casuallv  left  in  the  fire. 

«/ 

The  escapes  have  been  rather  more  frequent,  chiefly  from  the 
Drying-ground  belonging  to  the  Laundry  Department;  and  I 
beg  to  direct  the  attention  of  the  Committee  to  this  portion  of 
the  building,  as  it  would  make  this  part  of  the  Establishment 
more  effective  if  the  boundary  were  rendered  more  secure. 

In  recording  the  casualties  of  the  Patients,  it  may  not  be  out 
of  place  to  state  that  the  Nurses  do  not  always  escape  from 
accidents  consequent  upon  their  situation,  and,  in  one  unfortu¬ 
nate  instance,  a  homicidal  attack  was  made  upon  a  Nurse,  who 
received  a  violent  blow  on  the  mouth,  loosening  her  teeth,  and 
breaking  one.  Other  instances  have  occurred  in  which  it  has 


87  . 

been  necessary  for  Nurses  to  keep  their  beds  for  shorter  or 
longer  periods,  after  the  desperate  struggles  and  violence  of 
Patients  towards  them,  and,  in  most  instances,  so  far  as  could 
be  ascertained,  without  any  provocation. 

The  removal  of  the  asphalte  flooring  from  the  Wards  and 
Bed-rooms  this  year  has  added  very  much  to  the  health  and 
comfort  of  the  Patients,  and  will  also  contribute  very  much  to 
the  warmth  and  cheerfulness  of  the  Wards,  as  they  previously 
had  a  most  depressing  effect  upon  the  inmates. 

>  i . 

The  amusements  afforded  to  the  Patients  have  been  appre¬ 
ciated  by  them,  and  the  customary  Pete  in  the  field  during  the 
summer  was  attended  by  a  larger  number  than  in  previous 
years.  I  beg  also  to  thank  the  Committee  for  contributing 
more  to  their  in-door  pleasures  by  procuring  additional  pianos 
and  music.  1 

,  •  .  •  ,  i 

■  '  '  '«  ‘  :  ’.'V  ,  . 

In  a  building  of  this  magnitude,  and  among  so  large  a 
number  of  inmates,  a  further  addition  of  Musical  Instruments, 
&c.,  would  be  appreciated  by  many  of  them. 

The  habit  of  Patients  visiting  their  Belatives  has  been  fully 
carried  out,  as  in  former  years,  and  in  no  instance  has  the  privi¬ 
lege  been  abused. 

I  have  great  confidence  in  recommending  to  the  favourable 
consideration  of  the  Committee  the  constant  and  active  exer¬ 
tions  of  the  various  Officers  of  the  Female  Department  in  car¬ 
rying  out  the  necessary  details ;  also  the  Nurses  and  Servants 
generally,  for  their  attention  and  strict  compliance  with  the  rules 
of  the  Asylum,  two  instances  having  occurred  in  which  the 


88 


Committee  kindly  granted  pecuniary  allowance  for  length  of 
service  and  good  conduct. 

Thanking  the  Committee  for  their  efforts  in  rendering  the 
Asylum  so  comfortable  a  home  for  our  suffering  fellow- creatures, 


I  remain,  Gentlemen, 

Your  most  obedient  and  humble  Servant, 

•  •  '  •  ’  •  *  e  ■  /*  A , 

WILLIAM  GUESLAYE  MAESHALL, 
Medical  Superintendent, 

Female  Department. 


89 

JO.i 

TABLES  OF  THE  FEMALE  PATIENT 
FOR  THE  YEAR  1861. 

;  .  TABLE  L 


"Form  of  the  Disease  in  the  Cases  of  .the  272  Patients  admitted 
during  the  Year  ending  December  31s/,  1861. 


4  *  *  '  '  ’  *  *  ?  »  *  »  *'  1  ’ 1  ? 

FORM  OE  DISEASE. 

FEMALES. 

Mania  . .  . .  . . 

77 

„  with  Epilepsy  .  .  ... 

6 

„  ,,  General  Paralysis  .  . 

1 

„  ,,  Paralysis  .  . 

1 

„  a  Potu 

1 

„  with  Suicide 

3 

Chronic  Mania  . . 

19 

Recurrent  ,, 

41 

,,  with  Epilepsy  . . 

3 

Hysterical  „ 

3 

Puerperal  ,,  .  .  . .  . , 

7 

Melancholia  . . 

44 

Recurrent  Melancholia  . . 

13 

Imbecility 

19 

with  Epilepsy 

21 

,,  „  Paralysis  . .  . . 

1 

„  „  Chorea.  . 

1 

Senile  Imbecility  .  . 

6 

Dementia  . .  . . 

5 

„  with  Epilepsy 

1 

„  ,,  Paralysis 

1 

Total  . .  . ,  . , 

272 

m 


90 


TABLE  II. 

Combination  of  Mental  Diseases  with  Epilepsy  in  3 1  Epileptic 


Cases  admitted  during  the  Year  ending  December  31$£,  1861. 


FEMALES. 

With  Mania 

6 

„  Recurrent  ditto  . . 

3 

,,  Imbecility 

21 

,,  Dementia  .  . 

1 

31 

TABLE  III. 


Duration  of  the  Disorder  in  the  272  Cases  admitted  during 


the  Year  ending  December  31s£,  1861. 


DURATION. 

FEMALES. 

Not  exceeding  1  Month 

125 

2  Months 

29 

55 

3  „ 

17 

55 

4  5  5 

6 

5  5 

5  „ 

•  • 

4 

55 

6  „ 

8 

55 

8  „ 

t 

5 

55 

9  „ 

5 

55 

1  Year 

10 

55 

2  Years 

20 

55 

3  „ 

3 

55 

4  „ 

2 

55 

5  „ 

1 

55 

6  „ 

2 

55 

7  „ 

3 

55 

9  „ 

Kb 

1 

55 

10  „ 

1 

55 

11  „ 

1 

55 

12  „ 

3 

55 

20  „ 

1 

55 

22  „ 

1 

55 

23  „ 

3 

15 

37  „ 

2 

55 

42  „ 

1 

55 

Years 

1 

From  Birth 

•  •  •  • 

3 

Not  ascertained  . . 

14 

Total . . 

272 

91 


TABLE  IV. 

Causes  of  the  Disorder  in  the  272  Patients  admitted  during 
the  Year  ending  December  31s£,  1861. 

FEMALES. 


MORAL. 

Anxiety  of  Husband  at  Sea  . .  1 

Death  of  Child  by  Scalding  . .  1 

„  Husband .  2 

„  Mother  . 1 

Disorderly  Life  of  Husband  . .  1 

Disappointed  Affection .  6 

„  in  Marriage  ....  1 

„  Operation  for 

Cataract  ....  1 

Calvinistic  Preaching  on  Elec¬ 
tion  .  1 

Grief  .  1 

Husband  attempting  Suicide . .  1 

„  going  to  an  Asylum . .  1 

„  leaving  her .  1 

Poverty  .  2 

Sudden  Excitement  .  2 

Trouble  .  2 

Over  Study .  2 

Reading  a  Tract,  “  The  Coming 
Struggle”  . 1 


28 

Not  ascertained  . 173 


PHYSICAL. 


Cancer  of  Right  Eye .  1 

Chorea .  2 

Cancer  of  Uterus  .  1 

Climacteric .  1 

Confinement  .  2 

Disease  of  Brain .  1 

Dissipation .  1 

Drink  .  3 

Drinking  Rum  after  Parturition  2 

Epilepsy  .  31 

Fever  . .  1 

Injury  to  Head  .  1 

Lactation .  5 

Milk  Fever .  1 

Nervousness  .  2 

Paralysis .  4 

Pregnancy  .  1 

PuerperaloFever .  2 

Rheumatic  Gout .  1 

Hereditary  .  8 


71 


Total 


272 


TABLE  V. 

Stations  or  Occupations  of  the  272  Patients  admitted  during  the 
Year  ending  December  3\st,  1861. 


FEMALES. 


Barmaids . ...... . 

2 

Brought  forward . . 

151 

Book  folder  ....  ......  . .  ... .  .... 

1 

Wife-  of  a  Blacksmith  . . 

1 

Bracemaker  . . 

1 

,,  Bricklayer . 

1 

iy  Beerhouse  Keeper  . 

1 

Charwomen .  . .  . 

5 

,,  Boiler  Maker . 

1 

Costermongers . . . 

2 

,,  Cab  Driver  . 

4 

„  Carman . 

2 

Daughter  of  Combmaker . 

1 

,,  Clockmaker  . . . 

2 

,,  Brewer  . . . . 

1 

3,  Clerk . 

2 

3J  Bricklayer . 

1 

Carpenter  . . 

.  . ,  Furrier . 

1 

„  Commercial  Clerk  . 

1 

Knife-grinder . 

1 

„  Coalheaver  . 

1 

.  Letter-carrier  . . 

1 

„  Coa-lwhipper. .  „  . . 

1 

,,  Labourer  . .  , .  , , 

1 

„  Clock  Vendor  . . 

1 

Musician-  . .  . 

2 

,,  Drayman  . . 

1 

Dairy  worn  an  . 

1 

,,  Draughtsman . . . . . 

1 

Domestic  Servants  . 

26 

,,  Draper  . 

1 

Dressmakers  . . 

6 

„  Drill  Master  . . 

1 

„  Bootmaker  . . 

1 

Gold  Wire  Drawer  . . . 

1 

]}  Bookseller . . . 

1 

Governesses .  .... 

6 

3,  Butcher . 

1 

„  General  Hawker . 

1 

Fruitseller  . 

1 

,,  Hairdresser  .  . . 

1 

„  Iron  Moulder  . . . 

1 

Hawker  . . . 

1 

,,  Jewel  Case  Maker  ....  .. 

i 

HoubGwrfe  •  •  «'*•••  ••  • « ••••  •  * 

1 

„  Labourer  . 

10 

„  Lighterman  . 

1 

Laundress  . .  ; . '. . .  .  . .  . ... . .  .  .... 

3 

„  Licensed  Victualler  .... 

1 

Lodging-house  Keeper . . . 

2 

,,  Musicallnstrume.ntMaker 

1 

„  Musician  . 

1 

Mangier  . ( _ _ 

1 

,,  Ostler . . 

1 

Midwife  . . . T 

1 

„  Paper  Colourer . 

1 

Needlework  . 

15 

„  Plumber  . 

1 

Nurses . . . 

6 

„  „  and  Painter .... 

1 

„  Pianoforte  Maker  . . 

1 

Pen  Cutter  .....  . 

1 

„  Printer  . . 

1 

Pipe- Trimmer  . .  ..  . . 

1 

„  Bailway  Pointsman  .  . . 

1 

„  Sailor .  .... 

2 

Bespeetable.’.  i .  .  .  ..  . . 

1 

„  Soldier  . . 

1 

Ship  Joiner — .  . 

1 

Servants  . . . . . 

30 

„  „  Broker’s  Clerk . 

1 

Sempstress . . 

1 

,,  Stationer . . 

1 

Shoebinders  . 

4 

„  Shoemaker  . 

5 

Shoecloser  ..........  . . . 

1 

Porter  . 

3 

Schoolmistresses  . 

2 

„  Plasterer  . 

1 

Silkwinders . .  .. 

2 

„  Tailor  . . . 

1 

Silkweavers . 

2 

„  Watchmaker  . 

1 

”  Wine  Cooper . 

1 

Tailoresses . . . 

2 

3)  WTheelwright  . 

1 

Tambour  Workers . 

2 

,,  Smith . . . 

2 

Trimming  Makers . 

1 

Widow  of  Labourer  . . 

1 

Truss  Coverer . . . . . .  . . 

T 

Washing . 

2 

Water  Cress  Seller  . 

1 

Umbrella  Maker  . . 

1 

No  Occupation .  . . 

32 

Weavers  . 

7 

Wife  of  a  Barber  . . . 

1 

Not  stated . . . 

11 

Carried  forward  . . 

151 

Total . 

272 

93 


TABLE  VI. 

1  /* 

%  i 

«- 

*•  Degree  of  Education  of  the  272 
Patients  admitted  during  the  Year 
ending  December  31$,  1861. 

-  ..  . 

FEMALES. 

Well  edueated  ........ 

■  --25 

Can  read  and  write  .... 

152  ‘  •  f 

„  read  . 

68'  ‘  ‘ 

_____  i  Ct 

Uneducated  . ,  • .  . . 

27‘  1  ’ 

Total  . 

272 ‘  '  ‘ 

_ t - - - 1- 

r 

TABLE  VII. 

I  -  -  ‘  *  •  i 

1 


'  "  *  j  ^  *  * 

Proportion  of  the  Married, 
Single's,  - and  Widoiv$:.pf  the  272 
Patients  admitted  during  the  Year 
ending  December  31$*.  1861.  <  ,  , 

j 

1 

1  A  ?; 

1 

\  i 

4  * 

FEMALES. 

Married  . . 

105 

Single.  . 

120 

Widows  . i .  . . 

39‘  '  ’ 

Not  Stated  . i .  . . 

8  .  . 

1  Total  . . 

k,  /•*. 

272  .  . 

•  'VIOV*  j  »  1 


TABLE  VIII. 

;  V  "■  r  '  • :>■ 

Religion  of  the  272  Patients  ad- 

'  mitted  during  the  Year  endinghDe- 

cemher  31 st,  1861.  , 

FEMALES. 

Hebrew  . 

3 

Church  of  England  ,...., 

103 

Church  of  Rome  ....  . . 

25 

Protestant  -  . . 4. 

112 

Baptist  .;  i  j . 

3 

Calvinist  . 

2  | 

"Congregational  . 

1 

Digsenter  ....  vt 

1 

Lutheran  ............ 

1 

Independent . . . 

3  1 

Wesleyan  . .  ,*j-;  ».«/•<  :i:i . 

3  ; 

tNot  stated  .pi.,.,.*  .-.  , 

10 

Unknown . . 

5 

m  •  a  ; 

Total  . . . 

272 

94 


TABLES  IX.  and  X. 

♦ 

Age  at  the  time  of  the  First  Attach  of  Insanity ,  and  of 
Admission  into  the  Asylum  of  the  272  Patients 
admitted  during  the  Year  ending  December  31  1861. 


AGE. 

First  Attack. 

Admission. 

.  1 

TTnrlpr  ft  Ypays  . . 

. ...  /:■  y..  O- 

'  •' ft  :  ■'  i  ■ ,  a  ■  •  •; 

From  5  to  10  Years  ....  ... 

3 

i 

.  :  >  :  -J  •  :  (  r  ; 

99  i.  0  to  1  5  99  •  •  r '  •*  %r‘%  r  «r 

9 

3 

"  15  to  20  „  .  . . 

21 

21 

„  20  to  25  ,V  ........ 

24 

27 

„  25  to  30  „  ........ 

25 

22  : 

„  30  to  35  „ 

39 

36 

„  35  to  40  ,y  ........ 

30 

33 

„  40  to  45  „  i  r U, .  v . 

25 

23 

„  45  to  50  °  „  ........ 

22 

31 

,, r  50  to  55^  ,,  ........ 

14 

27 

„  55  tor  60  ))  . . . 

9 

14 

if  60  to  65  •  .. ...»  . ■ 

4 

10 

65  to  70  jy  .  . 

5 

10 

V<rviirf,.  A 

(  c  .  '  r  t  c  o  o  c  r  t  .  t  «-*'•-  v  !'  'v  •  • 

, ,  70  to  75  ........ 

4 

3 

^  75  to  80  yy  . .  .r. ... 

1 

4 

From  Birth  . .  rf T . , , 

3 

— *• 

Not  ascertained 

34 

2 

Total . ....... 

272 

. . .  . 

272  | 

95 


TABLE  XI. 


Causes  of  the  Disorder  in  the  75  Cases  discharged  Cured 
during  the  Year  ending  December  31«£s  1861. 


•v- ' d  ‘  n  '.-j 


FEMALES. 


MOEAL. 

r"  -----  *  |  C  .  « 

Disappointed  Affection  ......  5 

r- 

.  1 

C  v  o  . 

i 

. .  1 

Distress  . 1 


Death  of  Child  , 
„  of  Mother 


Husband  becoming  Insane  . .  1 

Loss  in  Business . . {. .  1 

Fright . ......... . .  I 


•ra 
■  ■:*- 


11 


PHYSICAL. 

Jb  ,  ,  c  o  :  r.  '  C  V  .  ,  J 

Abortion  ................  1 

r  c  o  "/SiT'S  -  i.  ■'  "i  ’  •  .'v  '  : 

Cancer  of  Uterus  . 1 

,  •:  /» 

C  O  ts  :  lx  ■  .  - 

Childbirth  . .  2 

•-  P  _  O  ..  •' 

Drink . ...... . 

0  ■  jf  -  <>.■■  ■  ■  :: 

Depravity  . .  .. . .  . .  1 

Excitement . .  .>  ....  . .  1 

-  On  <r  T  -  '  •  .  ' 

Fever  . . 1 

Lactation  •  •  • «,  •  • .  ^ 3 

:  U  :7'C  ■  -  '  ;  -i.  f, 

Paralysis . .  1 

Pregnancy  ................  2 

Puerperal  Fever . .. . .  . .......  1 


Hereditary . . . . 

V  w 

Not  ascertained  ..  .. . 


19 

1 

1 

44 


Total ••  ••••••••#•  •  %  %  4  75 •  • 


-  ■  >‘77 

-■>,  ^  Iff 


96 


TABLES  XII.,  XIII.,  XIV.,  and  XV. 

7  ■■  'U.  -fi  ■■.-7 

Form  of  the  Disease — Duration  of  the  Disease  on  Admission 
— Age — and  Length  of  Time  under  Treatment  in  the 
Asylum,  in  the  Cases  of  the.  75  Datienhs  Discharged  Qur'ed 
during  the  Year  ending  December  ‘5\st,  1861. 

TABLE  XII.  TABLE  XIV. 


Form  of  the  Disease. 

Females. 

Mania  . 

30 

Recurrent  ditto . 

18 

Puerperal-  Mania  .... 

Recurrent  ditto ....... 

1 

Mania  a  Potu  . 

2 

Recurrent  ditto  .... 

1 

Hysterical  Mania  .... 

1 

Recurrent  ditto  .... 

1 

Chronic  Mania  . .... 

1 

Melancholia . 

7 

Recurrent  Melancholia 

5 

Imbecility . . 

3 

Dementia . 

1 

. »  . . Total « « •  « 4 

.  75 

TABLE  XIII. 


DUratiOhof  the  Disease. 

Females. 

Notexceedingl  month 

55 

„  *  3months 

10. 

. 6  „ 

3 

;  »  1  ¥*& 

V 

„  2  years 

2 

»>  4 

1 

Unknown . . . 

3 

Total  1 1  #  •  •  i 

75 

Age. 

Females. 

From 

15  to  20 

years 

9 

.  >y 

20  to  25 

99 

Ur 

25  to  30 

9  ) 

13 

. 

30  to  35 

<  99 

il 

35  to  40 

99 

8 

99 

40  to  45. 

99 , 

6 

>> 

45  to  50 

99 

7 

99 

50  to  55 

9) 

0 .  • 

» 

55  to  60 

99 

2 

)> 

GO  fo  65, 

:  *>, 

Tl  i  ! 

99 

65  to  70 

99 

1 

9  9 

70  to  75 

99. 

2. 

Not  known. ... 

1 

Total 

**’■** 

TABLE  XV. 


Duration  of  Treatment. 

Females. 

Not  exceeding  2  months 

1 

3  „ 

10 

99 

6  „ 

20 

>) 

9  „ 

14 

a 

1  year 

10 

2  years 

16 

99 

3  „ 

2 

>> 

6  „ 

I 

}} 

10  „ 

1 

Total . 

75 

97 


TABLES 

In  continuation  of  Tables  XII.,  XIII.,  XIV.,  and  XV.,  showing 
the  Occupation ,  Religion ,  Education ,  awe/  Social  Condition 
of  the  75  Patients  discharged  as  Cured  during  the  Year 
ending  December  31s^,  1861. 


Occupation. 


Barmaid  . 1 

Bonnet-maker . 1 

Charwomen .  2 

Domestic  Servants .  5 

Dressmaker .  1 

Daughter  of  Bricklayer ....  1 

Fishmonger  . .  1 

Laundress . . .  1 

Not  stated . . 2 

I  No  occupation  . . .  7 

Needlework  . .  2 

Nurse  . 1 

Pipe  Trimmer .  1 

Prostitute .  1 

Silk-winder .  1 

Sempstress  . 1 

Servants  .  18 

;  Tailoress .  2 

Tamhour  Worker  . 1 

j  Upholsteress .  1 

Wife  of  Bricklayer .  1 

„  Butcher  . .  1 

,,  Carman .  1 

,,  Cab-driver .  1 

„  Cabinet-maker  ....  1 

,,  Coalwhipper .  1 

„  Carpenter  .  1 

,,  Clerk .  1 

„  General  Dealer....  1 

,,  „  Hawker  ..  1 

„  „  Shopkeeper  1 

,,  Iron-moulder......  1 

,,  Lighterman  ......  1 

„  Labourers .  5 

„  Shoemaker .  1 

,,  Smith. .  1 

,,  Printers  ......  ...  2 

,,  Teacher  of  Languages  1 

Widow  of  Waterman  .  1 

Total  .  75 


Social  Condition. 


Married ........  . . SO 

Single . .  36 

Widowed .  8 

Not  known  .  1 

Total  .  75 


Education. 


Well  Educated .  5 

Read  and  Write .  48 

Read . 20 

Uneducated . 2 

Total  . 75 


Religion. 

Hebrew . 1 

Church  of  England ........  28 

,,  Rome  . .  10 

Baptist .  1 

Independent . . .  1 

Protestants . 31 

W  esley  an . 1 

Not  known  . 2 

Total  ........  75 


TABLES  XVI.,  XVII.,  XVIII.,  AND  XIX. 

Similar  Tables  in  the  Cases  of  the  84  Patients  who  have  Died  in  the 

Year  ending  December  31s£,  1861. 


TABLE  XVI. 


POEM  OP  THE  DISEASE. 

FEMALES. 

Mania  . 

20 

„  with  Epilepsy  . . 

1 

Chronic  Mania  . 

5 

Hysterical  „  . 

1 

Puerperal  „ 

2 

Recurrent  „  . 

8 

Melancholia . 

11 

„  with  Epilepsy  .... 

2 

Recurrent  Melancholia  .... 

1 

Imbecility  . 

8 

„  with  Epilepsy  . . 

5 

Senile  I  mbecility  . . 

4 

Dementia  . 

11 

„  with  Epilepsy . . 

2 

„  with  Paralysis . . 

l 

Senile  Dementia . 

2 

Total . 

84 

TABLE  XVIII. 


DUKATIOH. 

FEMALES. 

Not  exceeding  2  Months 

32 

99 

3 

99  •  • 

4 

99 

6 

»  »  '» 

3 

99 

9 

99 

3 

99 

1  Year  * .  ...... 1 

4 

99 

2  Years . 

8 

99 

3 

99  •'••••• 

3 

99 

4 

99  . . 

4 

99 

5 

9-9  *  • 

2 

99 

6 

99  . 

2 

99 

7 

99  . 

3 

99 

9 

99  •  •  •  •  •  • 

2 

99 

10 

99  ■*  >  •  •  •  • 

3 

99 

13 

. . 

1 

99 

18 

99  . 

1 

5i» 

20 

1 

Unknown 

4 

Not  stated 

4 

Total 

84 

TABLE  XVII. 


AGE. 

FEMALES. 

From  15  to  20  Years . 

2 

„  20  to  25  „  . 

— 

„  25  to  30  „  ...... 

4 

„  30  to  35  „  . 

7 

„  35  to  40  „  ...... 

10 

^  40  tO  45  yy  •••••• 

8 

,,  45  to  50  „  ...... 

8 

„  50  to  55  „  ...... 

8 

,,  55  to  60  „  ...... 

9 

,,  60  to  65  „  . 

8 

„  65  to  70  „  ...... 

9 

„  70  to  75  „  . 

5 

„  75  to  SO  „  . 

5 

„  80  to  85  „  . 

1 

1 

Total . 

84 

TABLE  XIX. 


TIME 

UHDEE  TBEATMEHT. 

FEMALES. 

Not  exceeding  1  Week  .... 

2 

99 

2  Weeks  .... 

2 

99 

1  Month  . . . . 

5 

99 

3  Months . .  . . 

8 

99 

6  „  ..... 

3 

99 

a  . . 

6 

99 

1  Year . 

6 

99 

2  Years . 

20 

99 

3  9P 

5 

99 

4  J5  ....... 

5 

99 

5.  „  ...... 

2 

99 

6  „  ... . .) 

1 

99 

7  „  ...... 

1 

99 

8  „  ...... 

1 

99 

9  »  . -  - 

2 

99 

10  „  . f 

a 

« 

11  „  ...... 

6 

Total . • 

84"  ‘ 

99 


TABLES 

In  continuation  of  Tables  XVI.,  XVII.,  XVIII.,  and  XIX., 
showing  the  Occupation ,  Religion ,  Education ,  awe?  Social 
Condition  of  the  84  Patients  who  have  Pied  during  the 
Year  ending  December  31s?,  1861. 


( Occupation „ 

Bonnet  Maker . 1 

Bootbinder  .  1 

Costermonger  . .  1 

Charwomen  . .  4 

Cook .  1 

Domestic  . 1 

„  Servants  .  2 

Dressmakers .  2 

Fruitseller ......  . .  1 

Lodging  House  Keepers  . .  2 

Manglers  . ......  3 

Monthly  Nurse . .  1 

Midwife . 1 

Needlework . . .  5 

No  occupation  .  9 

Not  known . 5 

Not  stated ... .. .  . .  .......  . .  7 

Servants  .  13 

Tambour  W orker . . .  1 

Umbrella  Maker  ........  1 

Wardrobe  Dealer .  1 

Washerwoman . 1 

Wife  of  Hair  Dresser  ....  1 

„  Clerk  . .  * .  1 

„  Labourers  .........  2 

„  Blacksmith  .  1 

„  Mariner  .  1 

,,  Iron  Plate  Worker.  1 

,,  Porter  .  1 

„  Printer .  1 

„  Paper  Hanger  ....  1 

Widow  of  Barber .  1 

„  Master  Painter  1 

„  Weaver .  1 

„  Labourers .  3 

„  Cooper  .  1 

,,  Shoebinder  ....  1 

„  Pianoforte  Maker  1 

Pauper .  1 

Total .  84 


Religion. 

Hebrew . 

2 

Church  of  England  . 

29 

„  Rome  ........ 

14 

Baptists  . 

2 

Dissenters . 

2 

Presbyterian . 

1 

Protestants  . . 

27 

Wesleyan  ....  ...  . . . . , 

2  ! 

Not  known  . 

5 

Total  . .  . . . 

84 

1 

Education , 

Well  Educated . 

2  j 

Head  and  Write  . 

37  | 

Read . . 

27 

Uneducated  . . . 

18 

Total  . 

84 

Social  Condition. 

Married . 

34 

Single . 

23 

Widowed  . 

25 

Not  stated . 

2 

Total  . . 

84 

100 


Assigned  Causes  of  the  Mental  Diseases  in  the  84  Cases  oj 
Deaths  during  the  Year  ending  December  31  1861. 


MOEAL. 

Anxiety  1 

Domestic  Trouble  . .  1 

Death  of  Husband  . , . . .  1 

53  Daughter  1 

Disagreement  with  Husband . 1 

Grief  . . . 1 

„  at”  Brother  going  to  Sea  » .  1 

Eeligion  . . 2 

Loss  of  Money  . . . . 1 

„  of  Husband.  ,  1 

Not  known  . , , . 56 

PHYSICAL. 

Epilepsy . . . . .  \  . , . .  10 

Paralysis  . .  2 

Puerperal  . 4 

Hereditary  1 

Total ..............  84 


101 


TABLE  XXI. 


Causes  of  the  84  Female  Deaths  in  the  Year  ending 

December  31s£,  1861. 


Apoplexy  . . * . . 

Bronchitis  .  • , . , , .  . . . 

Diarrhoea 

Diseased  Hip-joint  . . , , , . . 

Epilepsy  . . „ 

Exhaustion  from  Cancer  of  Breast,  &c.  e 

55  >5  55  Lip,  &C.  .  »  »  .  . 

„  „  Chorea  . 

„  „  General  Paralysis  . .  , . . 

5,  5,  55  Dropsy - 

„  „  Ovarian . . . 

„  „  Mania 

Natural  Decay,  with  Bronchitis  . » 

Peritonitis  . . . . . 

Phthisis  Pulmonalis . . . . . . . 

Syncope  (Inquest) . . . . . . . 

Syphilis  . . . 


Total 


7 

4 

2 

2 

7 
1 
1 
1 

14 

1 

1 

8 

18 

1 

14 

1 

1 


84 


102 


TABLE  XXII. 

Form  of  Disease  in  the  Cases  of  the  1,114  Patients  remaining 
in  the  Asylum  on  the  31s*f  December ,  1861. 


POEM  OE  1»¥ASE. 

Mania . 

- with.  Suicide  . . 

- Epilepsy . . .  . .  . 

- - - and.  Suicidal*  . 

- Hysteria  . 

- and  Epilepsy 

— - General  Paralysis . 

Chronic  Mania . 

• - with  Epilepsy . 

Monomania  . ' . 

Homicidal  Mania . . . . . 

Mania  a  Potu . 

Erotomania  . 

Puerperal  Mania . 

- with  Epilepsy  . . . . 


Recurrent  Mania . . . 

- -  with  Suicide  . . . 

- Epilepsy . . . 

- - —  Hysteria . 

- - General  Paralysis,  . 

Melancholia  . . . 

- with  Suicide . 

- Epilepsy . . 

- -  General  Paralysis . 

— - Recurrent . . 

Dementia  .  „ . 

- with  Epilepsy  . 

■ — .  . .  General  Paralysis  . . 

- - -  Senile  . 


Imbecility . 

- with  Epilepsy  ..  . . 

- Paralysis . 

- — - General  Paralysis . ., 

- Chorea . 

-  Congenital . 

- -  with  Epilepsy 

- Senile . 

- -  with  Epilepsy . .  . . 


Idiocy . 

- - Congenital  . 

- with  Epilepsy 


114 

1 

11 

8 

1 


138 

3 

6 

2 

32 


131 

29 

4 

2 


77 

60 

2 

4 

1 

4 

4 

9 

2 


135 


181 


166 


163 

9 


Total .  t 


1,114 


103 


TABLE  XXIII. 

Duration  of  Insanity ,  prior  to  Ad¬ 
mission,  in  the  Cases  of  the  1,114 
Patients  remaining  in  the  Asylum 
on  the  31s£  December,  1861. 


DURATION. 

FEMALES. 

Not  exceeding  3  Months- 

64 

11 

6 

11 

32 

11 

9 

11 

51 

11 

1 

Year 

27 

2  Years 

111 

.  ’} 

3 

11 

76 

11 

4 

19 

55 

5 

11 

54 

>> 

6 

11 

47 

11 

7 

11 

40 

11 

8 

11 

37 

11 

9 

19 

49 

11 

10 

11 

43 

11 

11 

11 

31 

11 

12 

11 

15 

j> 

13 

>) 

22 

11 

14 

11 

25 

11 

15 

11 

20 

11 

16 

11 

19 

>1 

17 

11 

20 

1  1 

18 

11 

23 

11 

19 

>> 

9 

11 

20 

11 

12 

if 

22 

>> 

1 

11 

23 

11 

28 

11 

24 

11 

6 

>> 

27 

11 

7 

11 

29 

11 

6 

11 

32 

11 

2 

11 

37 

11 

3 

11 

50 

11 

1 

Many  years 

12 

From  birth 

31 

Not  ascertained . . 

70 

„  stated  . . 

65 

Total 

1,114 

TABLE  XXIV. 

Ages  of  the  1,114  Patients  remaining 
in  the  Asylum  on  the  31st  Decem¬ 
ber,  1861. 


AGES. 

FEMALES. 

Under  5 

years  . 

, 

From  5 

to 

10  years 

,  ,  ,  , 

— 

11 

10 

to 

15 

11 

•  •  •  • 

7 

11 

15 

to 

20 

11 

•  •  •  • 

37 

11 

20 

to 

25 

1 1 

•  •  9  • 

70 

11 

25 

to 

30 

11 

•  •  •  • 

116 

11 

30 

to 

35 

11 

•  •  •  • 

118 

11 

35 

to 

40 

11 

•  •  •  • 

135 

11 

40 

to 

45 

11 

•  •  •  • 

169 

11 

45 

to 

50 

11 

«  •  •  * 

128 

11 

50 

to 

55 

11 

•  *  •  • 

108 

11 

55 

to 

60 

11 

•  •  •  • 

78 

11 

60 

to 

65 

If 

<8 

H 

65 

to 

70 

11 

•  •it 

34 

70 

to 

75 

11 

•  a  •  • 

22 

V 

75 

to 

80 

1 1 

•  •  •  • 

15 

1 1 

80 

to 

85 

11 

•  •  •  • 

2 

Not 

ascertained 

29 

Total  . 

TABLE  XXV. 

Length  of  Time  that  the  1,111  Patients 
remaining  on  the  31  st  December , 
1861,  have  been  in  the  Asylum. 


TIME. 

FEMALES. 

Not  exceeding  3  Months.. 

42 

11 

6 

11  •  • 

64 

11 

9 

99  •  • 

71 

1 1 

1  Year 

32 

11 

2  Years  . . 

141 

11 

3 

11  •  • 

365 

11 

4 

11 

35 

11 

5 

11  •  ♦ 

41 

11 

6 

11 

38 

11 

7 

11 

16 

11 

8 

>>  « • 

30 

11 

9 

11  •  • 

39 

11 

10 

11  •  • 

60 

11 

11 

11  •  t 

240 

Total 

1,114 

Female  Department, 
31st  December ,  1861. 


W.  G.  MARSHALL, 

Medical  Superintendent , 


104 


STEWARD’S  REPORT. 


January ,  1862. 

Gentlemen, 

I  have  the  honour  to  submit  a  brief  Eeport  for  the  year  1861, 
explaining  a  few  alterations  and  improvements,  which  have  been 
carried  out  by  your  desire  during  that  period,  with  the  usual 
Annual  Returns  annexed. 

The  Workshops,  which  were  altered  and  re-appropriated 
during  the  latter  part  of  1859,  are  found  to  be  convenient  and 
comfortable  for  the  Patients,  with  ample  accommodation  for  an 
increased  number.  The  Tailors  and  Shoemakers  are  still  a  very 
small  percentage  on  the  total  number  of  Patients  who  are  now 
on  the  Male  side  of  the  Asylum.  If  this  number  could  be 
added  to,  it  would  prevent  the  necessity  of  sending  some  hun¬ 
dreds  of  garments  to  the  Plouse  of  Correction  and  elsewhere, 
which  we  find  it  impossible  to  complete  with  our  present 
limited  staff. 

On  an  average,  about  23  Patients  have  attended  the  Tailors’ 
shop  during  the  year;  but  of  these  not  more  than  16  are 
Tradesmen,  and  able  to  use  the  needle.  By  the  Return  appended 
to  this  Report  it  will  be  seen  that  the  net  earnings  of  the 
Tailors’  shop,  after  paying  wages  to  journeymen,  and  estimating 
the  work  at  a  very  low  price,  amounts  to  R309  7s.  Id.,  or 
R19  6s.  8d.  as  the  earnings  of  each  Patient. 


105 


In  the  Shoemakers’  shop  the  average  attendance  of  Patients 
has  reached  about  21,  and  of  these  about  15  only  have  been 
brought  up  to  the  trade.  The  earnings  of  these  Patients,  also 
calculated  at  a  low  price,  amount  to  £226  12s.  5d.,  or  about 
£15  per  Patient.  These  sums,  I  am  glad  to  say,  exceed  the 
earnings  of  these  trades  during  the  previous  year.  I  hope  that, 
should  I  have  to  draw  up  these  details  at  the  end  of  the  present 
year,  I  may  be  enabled  to  produce  a  still  more  encouraging 
statement. 

The  pecuniary  advantages  derived  from  the  employment  of 
the  Patients  are  thus  shown  to  be  considerable,  in  addition  to 
the  more  important  benefit  to  health  which  useful  occupation 
affords.  It  must  also  be  gratifying  to  them  to  know  that  they 
are  contributing  largely  to  their  own  support,  and  may  possibly 
give  them  confidence  that,  should  they  be  restored  to  health  and 
discharged  from  the  Asylum,  they  would  be  again  enabled  to 
follow  their  respective  trades  and  earn  their  own  living. 

A  like  proportion  of  Patients  has  attended  the  other  Work¬ 
shops,  and  their  labour  has  also  been  remunerative. 

The  Domestic  Offices  are  in  an  efficient  state,  and  continue  to 
give  great  satisfaction.  During  the  past  year  Stevens’s  Patent 
Dough-making  Apparatus  has  been  fixed  in  the  Bakehouse.  One 
of  these  Machines  had  previously  been  in  use  at  the  House  of 
Correction,  and  pronounced  to  be  a  great  improvement  both  in 
economy  and  cleanliness.  The  Machine  supplied  to  the  Asylum 
has  been  long  enough  in  use  to  enable  me  to  endorse  this 
opinion. 

The  consumption  of  Flour  here  for  all  purposes  is,  on  an 
average,  48  Sacks  per  week — 87  for  Bread  alone.  Out  of  each 


106 


sack  of  Flour  97i  41b.  Loaves  are  made  by  hand,  and  100§  by 
the  Machine,  showing  a  saving  of  Is.  lOd.  per  sack ;  and  this  is 
also  ejected  with  the  Flour  used  for  other  purposes.  The  annual 
saving  upon  the  Flour  consumed  is,  therefore,  <£204  19s.  4d. 
I  believe  402  lbs.  of  Bread  from  280  lbs.  of  Household  Flour  is 
a  large  production. 

During  the  last  year  a  Gravel  Walk,  eight  feet  wide  and  about 
three-quarters  of  a  mile  in  length,  has  been  formed  through  the 
fields  belonging  to  the  Asylum,  to  enable  the  Patients  to  take 
daily  walks  beyond  the  gardens  during  the  winter  months,  when 
the  grass  is  too  damp  for  them.  The  circuit  of  the  property  is  not 
yet  complete,  there  being  rather  more  than  a  quarter  of  a  mile 
unfinished ;  it  is  proposed  to  do  this  early  in  the  year. 

The  Airing  Courts  are  in  good  order,  and  the  Thatched  Bustic 
Sun-shades  erected  hi  each  (the  last  having  been  finished  hi  the 
early  part  of  the  year)  appear  to  be  much  used  and  admired. 

The  Gardens,  which  have  been  formed  on  the  West  of  the 
Asylum  for  the  use  of  such  of  the  Female  Patients  as  may  be 
found  to  take  an  interest  in  them,  have  been  attended  to  and 
planted.  Upwards  of  10,000  plants  were  reared  last  year,  and 
transplanted  into  the  Gardens  and  Airing  Courts,  besides  some 
hundreds  of  others  which  were  sent  into  the  Wards  in  flower. 

A  small  Ice-house  has  been  constructed  in  the  East  side  of 
the  building,  and  is  now  ready  for  the  reception  of  ice. 

I  have  given  much  personal  attention  to  the  Farm  and  Stock 
during  the  year.  The  Stock,  with  the  exception  of  the  Cows, 
which  have  again  suffered  from  Pneumonia,  have  been  veiy 
healthy.  A  large  quantity  of  Pork  has  been  supplied  by  the 


107 


Farm,  ancl  the  change  in  Diet  which  it  affords  has  been  appre¬ 
ciated  by  the  Patients. 

The  principal  Crops  grown  upon  the  Farm  and  in  the  Gardens 
have  been  40  Loads  of  Hay,  39  Quarters  of  Oats,  210  Tons  of 
Wurzel,  2  Acres  of  Eye  Grass,  6  of  Vetches,  4,000  Bushels  of 
Cabbage,  113  Bushels  of  Parsnips,  143  Bushels  of  Onions,  157 
Bushels  of  Garden  Peas  and  Beans,  3,515  Lettuces,  and  440 
Bundles  of  Bhubarb.  A  considerable  quantity  of  other  useful 
kinds  of  Vegetables  has  been  grown  for  the  use  of  the  House. 
Cabbages,  Parsnips,  Carrots,  Lettuces,  Peas,  and  Beans  have 
been  given  to  the  Patients  during  the  season ;  and  Fruit  was 
constantly  supplied  to  the  Infirmaries,  and  occasionally  to  the 
other  Wards. 

I  have  the  honour  to  be, 

Gentlemen, 

Your  most  obedient  Servant, 

GEOBGE  II.  HENDEBSON. 

Steward. 


To  the  Committee  of  Visitors , 
Colney  Hatch  Asylum , 


108 


jMtWestfj:  Cotmtp  lunatic 

COLNEY  HATCH. 


FARM  AND  GARDEN  ACCOUNTS. 


Abstract  of  Receipts  and  Payments  from  1st  January  to  31s£ 

December ,  1861. 


RECEIPTS. 

PAYMENTS. 

To  Sale  of— 

£  s. 

d. 

By  Cash  for — • 

£  s. 

d. 

7  Cows  (less  expenses  of 

33  Cows. .  . . 

764  10 

0 

sale)  . . 

160  8 

6 

46  Sheep  . 

83  14 

0 

4  Scotch  Bullocks  (less  ex- 

1  Bull  . .  , . 

13  10 

0 

pensesofsale . 

77  2 

0 

1  Boar  Pig  . — ...... 

6  6 

0 

2  Calves . . . 

2  10 

0 

Hay,  Corn,  Straw,  OilCake, 

37  Sheep  . . 

84  7 

0 

&c . . . 

703  6 

2 

14  Lambs  . 

22  12 

0 

Meal,  &c.,for  Pigs  &  Cows 

63  4 

0 

5  Pigs . . . . 

14  16 

6 

Seeds . . . 

40  7 

9 

Hides,  Skins,  &c . 

59  8 

4 

Implements,  Harness,  &c. . 

15  6 

11 

Bones . . . 

9  15 

4 

'Wages . . . 

479  10 

10 

Wool . . . 

17  6 

0 

Incidentals . 

32  15 

10 

Balance . . . 

1,754  5 

10 

£2,202  11 

6 

£2,202  11 

6 

THOS.  H.  CHANY, 

Clerk  of  the  Asylum. 


Value  of  Stock  on  Farm. 


1st  January,  1861.  £  s.  d. 

31  Cows  and  4  Bullocks  ..  815  0  0 

36  Sheep  .  72  0  0 

153  Pigs  . .  288  13  0 

7  Horses  .  190  0  0 

Implements  and  Harness. .  199  0  0 

Hay  and  Clover . .  236  0  0 

Mangold  Wurzel  .  75  0  0 


£1,875  13  0 


1st  January,  1862.  £  s.  d. 

22  Cows  and  1  Bull  ......  550  0  0 

191  Pigs . . .  382  16  0 

7  Horses  .  158  0  0 

Implements  and  Harness..  180  0  0 

Hay  in  Store  . 170  0  0 

Mangold  in  Store  .  150  0  Q 

Decrease  in  Value  of  Stock  .  284  17  o 


£1,875  13  0 


GEORGE  H.  HENDERSON, 

Steward , 


109 


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GEORGE] H.  HENDERSON,  Steward, 


112 


JliWestjr  Count#  ^Lunatic  Sfeplum, 

COLNEY  HATCH. 


Provisions  consumed  during  the  Year  ending  Dec.  31s£,  1861. 

Number  of  Officers  and  Servants  ......  203 

Ditto  Male  Patients  . .  754 

Ditto  Female  Patients . 1,114 


Total . 2,071 


Meat — Bacon  . 7,594j  lbs. 

Beef  and  Mutton .  320,477  lbs. 

Pork  .  . . .  14,638  lbs. 

Beer .  88,873  gals. 

Bread  . 725,488  lbs. 

Butter . 24,349f  lbs. 

Cheese . . .  5 7, 504 \  lbs. 

Cocoa  . 18,5381  lbs. 

Coffee  . . . . .  1, 0391  lbs. 

Eggs .  3,120  No. 

Flour  . 611,344  lbs. 

Malt . 732  qrs. 

Milk . , .  24,988  gals. 

Hops .  7,197  lbs. 

Potatoes  . 472,833  lbs. 

Sugar  .  30,800j  lbs. 

Tea . 7,6491  lbs. 

Molasses . . .  37,4211  lbs. 

For  the  Sick. 

Wine  . 122,568  oz. 

Brandy . 33,696  oz. 

Gin  . . . , .  5,976  oz. 

Porter  and  Ale . . . 74,386  pints. 

Fish .  23,505  No. 

Biscuits  .  . . . 20,440  No. 

Eggs .  47,577  No. 

GEORGE  H.  HENDERSON, 

Steward. 


THE  CHAPLAIN'S  REPORT. 


TO  THE  COMMITTEE  OF  VISITING  JUSTICES  OF 
THE  MIDDLESEX  COUNTY  LUNATIC  ASYLUM, 
COLNEY  HATCH. 

Gentlemen, 

In  reviewing  tlie  course  of  my  ministrations  in  the  Asylum 
during  the  past  year,  I  believe  I  may  take  pleasure  in  feeling 
that  the  moral  and  spiritual  welfare  and  comfort  of  the  Patients 
have  not  in  any  way  become  deteriorated  during  that  period. 
I  think  that  cheerfulness,  good-humour,  and  contentment  on  their 
part  are  rather  on  the  increase  than  otherwise,  and  the  mainte¬ 
nance  of  order  and  discipline  is  thereby  facilitated  in  proportion. 
These  results  would  seem  to  flow  naturally  from  the  growth  of 
that  system  of  kindness  and  considerate  attention  to  the  Patients 
on  the  part  of  all  the  Officers  and  Attendants  which  you  have 
established  in  the  Asylum.  I  believe  that  kindly  intercourse 
and  conversation  with  them  (exercised,  of  course,  with  judgment 
and  discretion),  are  highly  conducive  to  their  mental  and  general 
improvement.  They  are  cheered  and  sustained  by  an  exhibition 
of  interest  in  their  former  circumstances,  as  well  as  in  their  pre¬ 
sent  condition,  and  this'  sometimes  unlocks  a  taciturnity  which 
has  resisted  all  other  efforts.  With  this  view,  I  frequently  offer 
myself  as  a  medium  of  communication  with  their  absent  rela¬ 
tives'  or  friends,  and  generally  with  beneficial  results.  In  one 
case  the  result  has  been  the  restoration  to  his  family  in  Ireland 
of  a  young  man  who  had  been  lost  to  them  for  upwards  of 
twelve  months. 


114 


The  circulation  of  interesting  and  religious  books,  tracis, 
magazines,  and  other  periodicals  (of  which  I  have  again,  on  the 
behalf  of  the  Patients,  to  thank  you  for  an  increased  supply),  is 
eminently  conducive  to  the  comfort  and  happiness  of  many  of 
them.  Nor,  I  think,  should  I  omit  to  notice,  under  the  head  of 
means  of  mental  and  moral  culture  and  improvement,  the 
Musical  Instruments  which  you  have  recently  added  to  those 
already  in  use  in  the  Wards.  The  satisfaction  which  those 
among  the  Patients  who  are  capable  feel  in  using  them  (and 
there  are  some  very  fair  musicians  on  both  sides  of  the  house), 
and  the  pleasure  which  the  other  Patients  evince  in  hearing 
them,  sometimes  turning  them  to  account  in  a  sprightly  dance, 
in  which  the  Attendants  join,  and  sometimes  accompanying 
them  with  the  voice— in  either  case  producing  a  result  of  cheer¬ 
fulness  and  moral  harmony  in  the  Ward — are,  I  think,  a  sufficient 
proof  of  the  usefulness  of  their  introduction. 

The  generosity  and  Christian  philanthropy  of  some  friends  of 
one  member  of  your  Board  have  supplied  the  Wards  with  100 
copies  of  a  very  simple  but  ingenious  and  valuable  work,  under 
the  title  of  the  “Bedroom  Companion  and  Silent  Comforter,” 
consisting  of  sheets  of  Scripture  texts  of  an  encouraging  and 
consolatory  character,  printed  in  very  large  type  and  slung  upon 
a  roller,  in  sufficient  numbers  to  afford  a  page  of  two  or  three 
texts  for  every  day  in  the  month.  These  I  have  distributed 
generally  on  either  side  of  the  house,  either  in  day-rooms  or 
dormitories,  or  in  single  rooms,  as  I  thought  they  would  be  most 
extensively  useful  and  best  appreciated,  and  I  am  happy  to  say 
that  those  who  possess  them  or  have  access  to  them  seem  to 
find  much  pleasure  in  using  them. 

Another  cause  of  what  I  cannot  but  believe  to  be  a  general 
improvement  traceable  in  the  condition  of  the  Patients,  though 


115 


not  properly  belonging  to  my  department,  seems  nevertheless 
obvious  to  a  comment  from  me,  especially  as,  in  one  respect,  it 
comes  immediately  under  my  observation.  I  allude  to  the 
increased  facilities  for  the  access  of  fresh  air  into  the  building 
through  the  apertures  in  the  corridors,  and  the  opening  of  a 
window  in  the  chapel.  It  is,  perhaps,  owing  to  these  circum¬ 
stances  (or,  at  least,  in  part)  that  the  health  and  behaviour  of  the 
Patients  during  Divine  Service  are  so  much  better  than  they  were 
last  year.  Our  Sunday  services  used  to  be  painfully  interrupted 
by  the  removal  of  invalid  or  excited  Patients,  to  the  number  on 
an  average  of  eight  on  each  Sunday  (four  in  each  of  the  two 
services).  "We  now  have  rarely  more  than  one  such  interruption, 
and  seldom  even  that,  though  the  numbers  of  the  congregation 
are  increased,  and  the  Chapel  is  therefore  filled  more  closely. 
The  average  attendance  at  each  of  the  Sunday  services  is  600. 

I  believe  that  many  more  would  be  permitted,  and  would  gladly 
attend,  but  that  the  Chapel  would  be  then  inconveniently 
crowded.  The  general  attention  and  good  behaviour  of  the 
Patients  are  very  marked,  and  never  fail  to  draw  forth  a  comment 
of  approval  from  any  strangers  who  may  happen  to  be  present. 

The  Services  have  been  duly  and  regularly  performed,  i.e.,  at 

II  and  half-past  3  on  Sundays,  Christmas  Day,  and  Good  Friday, 
and  on  the  week  days  at  a  quarter-past  8  a.m.,  and  5  p.m., 
except  on  Ascension  Day,  when,  with  your  permission,  instead  of 
the  usual  short  early  morning  service,  we  had  a  full  service  at  11, 
with  a  brief  address  on  the  subject  of  the  Festival,  which  was 
very  well  attended  and  apparently  appreciated. 

The  Sacrament  of  Holy  Communion  has  been  administered 
on  the  first  Sunday  in  every  month,  excepting  the  month  of 
September,  when  I  was  away.  The  Communicants,  who 


116 


behave  very  well,  are  generally  about  5  or  6  Male,  and  20  or 
25  Female  Patients. 


In  the  month  of  May  I  had  the  satisfaction  of  presenting  to 
the  Bishop  of  the  Diocese  for  Confirmation  by  him,  with  your 
permission,  a  Female  Patient,  who  has  since  been  discharged 
as  recovered. 


The  Funerals  have  been  decently  and  solemnly  performed  to 
the  satisfaction,  frequently  expressed,  of  the  attendant  relatives 
and  friends. 

The  School  Class  on  the  Female  side  continues  to  be  held  by 
Miss  Young,  who  does  what  can  be  done  in  the  way  of  amusing 
and  instructing  a  number  of  the  junior  Patients. 

I  have  visited  the  Wards  frequently,  and  I  am  happy  to  find 
my  visits  generally  acceptable  to  the  Patients. 

I  have  to  thank  you  tor  not  only  giving  me  a  holiday  during 
the  summer,  but  for  also  providing  me  with  the  means  of  securing 
the  performance  of  my  duties  during  my  absence. 

In  conclusion,  I  cannot  but  think  that  you  have  reason  to 
consider  that,  as  far  as  the  mental  and  moral  condition  of  the 
Patients  are  concerned,  the  Asylum  is  becoming  continually 
more  efficient  to  the  end  for  which  it  was  designed,  viz.,  to  be  a 
home  and  a  refuge  for  the  helpless,  and  for  those  who  are 
without  the  power  of  self-control,  and  to  be  a  sanatorium  for 
those  whose  mental  health,  though  broken,  is  not  past  recovery. 


117 


I  think  the  occasional  discharge  of  Patients  cured,  and  the 
general  improvement  of  most  of  those  who  still  remain,  alike 
attest  this  fact. 

I  have  the  honour  to  be, 

Gentlemen, 

Your  obedient,  faithful  Servant, 

WILLIAM  BULLOCK, 

Chaplain. 


January ,  1862. 


