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Pholographic 

Sciences 
Corporation 


23  WEST  MAIN  STREET 

WEBSTER,  NY    K530 

(716)  872-45J3 


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CIHM/ICMH 

Microfiche 

Series. 


CIMIVI/ICMH 
Collection  de 
microfiches. 


Canadian  Institute  for  Historical  Microreproductions  /  Institut  canadien  de  microreproductions  historiques 


Technical  and  Bihliogriiphic  Notes/Notes  techniques  et  bibliogr.iphiques 


The  Institute  has  attempted  to  obtain  the  best 
original  copy  available  for  filming    Features  of  this 
copy  which  may  be  bibnographically  unique, 
which  may  alter  any  of  the  images  in  the 
reproduction    or  which  may  significantly  change 
the  usual  method  of  filming,  are  checked  below 


LInstitut  a  microfiln)ft  le  meilleur  exerTiplaire 
qu  il  lui  a  ete  possible  de  se  procurer    Les  dnt.njs 
de  cei  exemplaire  qui  sont  peut  etre  uniques  ilu 
point  de  vue  bibliographique    qui  peuvent  modifier 
une  image  reproduite    ou  qui  peuvent  exiqer  mu' 
modification  dans  la  methode  normale  de  filrtiaqe 
sont  indiques  ci  dessous 


I    \^'   Coloured  covers/ 

i/  i    Couverture  de  couleur 


n 


Coloured  pages/ 
Pages  de  couleur 


□ 


Covers  damaged/ 
Couverture  endommagee 


□    Pages  damaged/ 
Pages  endommagees 


[  Covers  restored  and/or  laminated/ 

I !    Couverture  restaur6e  et/ou  pelliculee 


L. 


"     Pages  restored  and   or  laminated/ 
.    Pages  restaurees  et/ou  pelliculees 


G 


Cover  title  missing/ 

Le  titre  de  couverture  manque 


(";,">    Pages  discoloured,  stained  or  foxed' 
U-J    Pages  decolorees    tachetees  ou  piquees 


"I    Coloured  maps/ 

J    Cartes  geographiques  en  ccjleur 


I  Pages  detached/ 

L ,    Pages  detachees 


G 


Coloured  ink  (i  e    other  than  blue  or  black)/ 
Encre  de  couleur  (i  e    autre  que  bleue  ou  noire) 


j     "j     Showthrouqh' 
Transparence 


c 


Coloured  plates  and/or  illustrations/ 
j    Planches  et/ou  illustrations  en  couleur 


G 


Quality  of  print  varies/ 
O.ualite  inegale  de  limpression 


Bound  with  other  material/ 
Relie  avec  d'autres  documents 


G 


includes  supplementary  material/ 
Comprend  du  materiel  supplementaire 


Tight  binding  may  cause  shadows  or  distortion 
along  interior  margin/ 

Lareliure  serree  peut  causer  de  lombre  ou  de  la 
distortion  le  lung  de  la  marge  int^rieure 

Blank  leaves  added  during  restoration  may 
appear  within  the  text    Whenever  possible,  these 
have  been  omitted  from  filming/ 
II  se  peut  que  certaines  pages  blanches  ajoutees 
lors  d  une  restauration  apparaissent  dans  le  texte, 
mais,  lorsque  cela  etait  possible,  ces  pages  n  ont 
pas  ete  filmees. 


G 

G 


Only  edition  available/ 
Seule  Edition  disponible 

Pages  wholly  or  partially  obscured  by  errata 
slips,  tissues,  etc..  have  been  refilmed  to 
ensure  the  best  possible  image/ 
Les  pages  totalement  ou  partiellement 
obscurcies  par  un  feuillet  d'errata,  une  pelure. 
etc     ont  ete  filmees  a  nouveau  de  facon  a 
obtenir  la  meilleure  image  possible 


c 


Additional  comments:/ 
Commentaires  supplementaires 


This  item  is  filmed  at  the  reduction  ratio  checked  below/ 

Ce  document  est  filme  au  taux  de  reduction  indique  ci-dessous. 


10X 

14X 

18X 

22X 

26  X 

30X 

12X 


16X 


20X 


24X 


28X 


32  X 


rh€f  to       filmHd  here  h«»  bnen  rHprodii(;od  thanks 
to  th«   j<inHrosttv  of 

libriiry  of  Cofiyriiss 
Photo<1iiplic:;itioii  S»'rvi«  h 


LexoiMpI'Mru  f(irn6  (ui  fop'-nluit  Qface  A  la 
(}6o6roMitd  de; 

lihf.ifv  of  Con(|ro!iS 

Phnfoii'.iplu  .ttioti  Sf*rvicB 


Thf)  inuiflos  appKi«rin(j  horw  arn  tho  l)Hsf  (quality 
possibU;  (oiv.idnrmy  the  condition  nnd  l«qibil(ty 
of  the  original  copy  and  in  koeping  with  the 
filminq  f;ontriir.t  spocificritions. 


Los  ini/iqes  sinv.intHS  ont  rtc  rjjproduites  avec  l« 
plus  grand  r.oin.  (ornptu  toriu  do  la  condition  et 
de  la  r\t«MHf»^  do  r»»xnniplain'  filni6.  Ht  hm 
conforiDitrt  vivof  Ids  conditions  du  contrat  de 
fllrnagi! 


Original  copins  in  printed  papnr  covers  aro  filmed 
beginning  with  the  front  v  ovnr  and  ending  on 
the  l«st  pagn  wth  a  printfid  or  illustrated  inipres 
sjion,  or  the  back  cover  when  appropriate    All 
other  original  copi«»s  are  filmed  beginning  on  the 
first  page  with  a  printed  or  illustrated  impres 
sion,  and  ending  on  She  last  page  with  a  printed 
or  illustratefl  impression 


Les  exer»iplair('S  ('riqinaiix  dont  l<i  couverture  en 
papier  est  iniprimei;  sont  film6s  on  conimencant 
par  ie  premier  plat  et  en  terminant  soil  par  la 
dernu>rp  pagt;  qui  comporto  une  empreinte 
d  impression  ou  d  illustration,  suit  pai  Ie  shcuiu) 
plat    selon  Ie  cas    Tous  les  autres  exemplaires 
oriqinaux  sont  film«^s  en  commen<;ant  par  la 
premiere  piiqc  c)ui  comporte  une  empreinte 
dimpression  ou  dillustration  et  en  terminant  pai 
la  derniAre  page  qui  comporte  une  telle 
MmpieintK 


The  last  recorded  frame  on  each  microfiche 
shall  contain  the  symbol  — »•  (meaning     CON 
TINUED"),  or  the  symbol  V  (meaning     tND    ), 
whichever  applies 


Un  des  synboles  suivants  apparaitra  sur  la 
derni6re  image  de  chaque  microfiche    selon  Ie 
cas;  Ie  symljole  — ^  signitie     A  SUIVRE    ,  Ie 
symbole  "^  bignfie     FIIM 


Maps,  plates,  charts,  etc  ,  may  be  filmed  at 
different  reduction  latios    Those  too  large  to  be 
entirely  included  in  one  exposure  are  filmed 
beginning  in  the  upper  left  hand  corner,  left  to 
right  and  top  to  bottom,  as  many  frames  as 
required    The  following  diagrams  illustrate  the 
method; 


Les  cartes,  planches    tableaux,  etc     peuvent  etre 
filmes  ci  des  taux  de  reduction  differents, 
Lorsque  Ie  document  est  trop  grand  pou'  6tre 
reproduit  en  un  seul  rlichf^    il  est  film^  ci  partir 
de  langi!"  suporieur  gaiiche    de  gauche  it  droite, 
et  de  haut  en  bas,  en  prenant  Ie  nombre 
d  im.jges  nt^cessaire    Les  diagrammes  suivants 
illustrent  la  inethode. 


1 

2 

r                              — 

3 

1 

■     2 

3 

:      4 

S 

6 

/ 


1^ 


/ 


1? 


THE 


/. 


HERO  or  COWPENS. 


A 


A    CENTENNIAL   SKETCH. 


"A  prince  cnn  mak'  n  hellod  kninlil, 
A  niurkis,  duke  mill  ii'  tli;it. 
Hut  an  lioiic><t  iiion's  iibooii  his  miRlit, 
(iuid  fuilli  he  niauna  fa'  that." 

Burns. 


s. 


•  ^^^i  Of  c  va»>v 


BARNES    &    COMPANY, 

r 
NEW    VOnk    AND   fllTCAdO, 


t.^.^  T 


K<« 


Co/iyil^lll,  liiai,  /.c  .1.  .V.  /..(»■';.'*  i^  tx. 


il 


'■^v       ^PIIK  uutlicm-fH   I11I8  In   ivfjivt    lliat    litr   liiiiilid   iicfi'PB 

to  U''Vi>liitioimrv  rorncpoiitli'iKT,  Inn  Ict'l    lur  ur^'ii- 

'        iiu'iit  li'fx  I'xliiMintivi'  lliaii   An'  cuiilil  ili',/irc.     'I'lii-  |iiiiiit- 

<       Houj,'lit    ti)   111'  fHluhliHliL'd   is  tliiil    Hciiiilid  Aniulil  |ht- 

roriiuil  iii»  cMsiiitial  or  viilimbk!  scrvuv  tliiring  mii'  Hivo- 

liilioiiiivy  Hlni;:jilc;  tliul  ho  appro|iriiiti<l  tiio  lu'in'U  fairly 

won  by  haiiifl  Mor;;aii,  ami  lui-t  worn  tlit'in  fo"  u  liuiulptl 

yi'iiiH.     Kor  faclM  piivoiial  to  Arnold  she  Iuin  ri'lit'tl  mainly 

\\\Mn\  Simvkn'  Life  nf  Aniofil ;   for  ilic  mmv  for  (irncral 

Morj,'aii   sill'    is  imli'hti'tl    lo   (Imlmni's   Life  of  Mdif/du. 

(isi'u  pa;:t'  V.)     For  f^rnoral   lii>t.)riial  ciincliisioiiH,   iii'lor 

eonsiiltiii}?  all  our  wlamlanl   aiillioritii.-i  ami   Hoinotimoa 

ri'adin;!  Iii'twi'cn  tlio  linon,  she  inis  lieen  airoful  not  to 

waiiilor  far  from  Hancrofl's  version. 

If  slm  huvi'  Hot  lior  hero  in  a  somewhat  jwetic  liglit,  her 
"olTencf  littth  this  extent— no  more." 


Ualtimohk,  AugUHt  1,  IWi. 


TT 


[Su  lurply  liiw  (imhmi'x  l.if>  of  Min-ijnn  liitii  tlruwn 
ii|Miii  in  llii'  |ir>'|niriiliiMi  <>!'  tlii^  *kv\v\\  tliiit  it  will  not  Ih) 
,Mil  nl"  |ilii(r  to  insert  till)  r.illowing  I'rum  llu-  |iri'fiia"  of 
tliul  work.) 

"  At  till!  il>  utii  (if  U.  niTsil  MurKnii,  lii«  \v\\>tr*,  (•orr<'!<|»>nili'iii'i', 
etc,  went  liiti.  iho  |nmm'miI'iii  of  IiIm  mm  111  liiw,  «l.'m'ral  VtvA^y 
Ni'vIlK'.  l»urlM>^  llu'  iwi'iity  yiurM  wIiUli  niM-n- Icil,  umiiy  nt  tli.xn 
|iii|icrH  wiTt'  liiM  i>r  tliHinivid.  Wliiit  riiimliinl,  liowiViT,  wiTi'  Una 
n.llri.il,  iirniiiKt'l  Mv\  liiiiiiiil  iiiM  two  liirjrit  voliiiiic*  I7  tli«  (l)>ii 
cru'.'H  uramlMoii,  Miijor  Mortfiui  Ni'vUU-.  Wh.'ii  hi-  illiil.  llify  livfimif 
til"  |iii)|MTiy  if  IiIh  willow,  wlio  Hiilmiltt.  d  tliini  to  my  |MritHui,  with 
llm  olijirl  ol'iiKriTlilililllt,'  wlii'lliiT  till-  |>ulilliiitioll  ol'u  H  liTt  |Hiriiiiu 

of  tlii'lr  conti'iitH  WDulU  U-  iuIvIhuMo  or  im'. 

"TliU  cnlliTlloii  Ih  11  vitv  viiliml)li-  oii',  cniltrnclnff,  iim  It  iloU, 
liitiTH  liltluTio  iiii|mlillHlii-il,  fnim  \ViiMliiii«ron,  tin'ciu',  I,n  Fayctro, 
Wiiyiic,  Uww*,  Jt'frcrHon,  Unniilinn,  lli-iiry,  Hiiii.-ilifc,  iim>1  otlnr 
illniiiiiruiftlifl  men  of  tlif  Ui'volullonnry  orii.  Tiny  u'Humd  in  fiirtn 
iiml  ••iriMinmtiiiH'crt  wlilcli  tlii'  hlsoriim  Iium  I'lllicp  fiilli'il  or  d  iinil  to 
iiotlci'.  Hut  wl  at  rliiilly  iittiiictcd  my  iittctiHoii  wum  Ilii"  nilillilnmri 
lljrlit  wlildi  thry  sh'-tl  uimii  tin'  iirlviiin  clumu'ttT  niid  niilitiiry 
HiTvici'H  of  Oi'DiTiil  Mcir«iin,  it'id   upon   tin-  dftailM  of  lilx  loiii;  nnd 

cvi-ntl'iil  (Mfir.     I'litil    I   Hiiw  till'*' iiipcrN  I  lulmri'd  iimliT  tli mi 

limn  error  of  iiHsi^'iiInK  liini  11  ininltlon  umonrf  tin- wurtlili'M  of  liii- 
Hfvolulion,  far  lii!ow  tliat  wliirli  lie  d-wrvi'd.  Afti  r  fximilniinf  all 
till-  Bouro'H  of  information  wiiliiii  my  nuicli,  1  Imviimh"  ronvini-'d, 
tluit  fi'W  If  any  of  tlu«  Iktoch  of  that  day,  fiirnlMlii>d  larjjiT  cniitrllni- 
tlonM  than  hi;  did  to  the  ({lory  of  our  uriun,  or  •niriMntttcd  liini  in  tlui 


xorr. 


/ 


•HMxini  n  I  viihii«  r.t  thilrwrvim^  Ni>vi<rili>'l«>M  t  rmml  t!iai  Hi 
elmrnfiir  ami  roitiliM't  liwl  Uiit  iiil»i*<iitn>ivi<i|  Ih  wnito  tna>«,  Hntl 
tiilnrrph'-ii'ti!!  >t  III  tiiliiTM;  nml  iluti  In  tii  iIii'm>  ciiiiwi*  rimuy  >i|r  oiif 
l>liili<rlttrii«  tmil  {»<%•»  iNirit^iil  hilo  wtitU'iiu'iiU  itt  VHrtiiiii't<  Mlilt  fuel* 
•imI  lii|iirt>tii^  III  liU  rutii''  'I'liK  mInm  iM'«  of  riill  Mi»U  I'iirrii'l  liirnrtnu 
lUitt  pynnlliitr  u  nnui  wlmaii  miiiiim  nml  ili'i'.U  fiiMiliili  m  rli'li  «  mi»ttv 
fur  nuilniiiil  prlili',  hun  Ik'hIiji'm  trtnptcil  Kli'ilmi  lo  muki'  hini  iIim 
ili«<Mit>  iif  jtif  |rt(rii<lM  Milt  till'  rikiiclful  pli'iiiri'i)  kIii'  Iiiim  ilruvin, 
itintitrli  rivit|ftil)iiilil)>,  nri<  mtt  llki'tii*i>Ki'«  ;  wlitli'  rlii-y  full  fur  Hlmri  of 
klix  spirit  iitut  iliuiiliy  wMi-li  hivi'riii'il  itii'  rinllt/ 

'  lltii  miipli'  im  wrri<  iIh'  iimii'imU  fiirtilnlii''!  Iiy  <li<ni<ri«t  Mnrtfiui'M 
MNH.,  iinicli  WMM  )'i't  III  U>  KittJiffml  luifiiri'  n  (■iiiiip|i>ii>  nnil  mnni'i'lfil 
■■IimIii  iif  I'Vi'hlM  ciMilil  Itii  I'liriiii'il  •  •  •  ,\  fi'W  liiivr  i-niiirlliiiti'il 
HI)  lur^i'ly  anil  itii  vuliiulily  to  wy  I'lilli'cllnna,  iim  In  rcmliT  iirl>iiii»|. 
iNltfiMiii'iiU  II  duly  IM  Mtill  M  a  pli'itNiiri'.  'I'Im*  tlml  of  ttiiiu*  U  tlm 
l«ii>  l>r.  Will,  lllll.iif  Wlnrhrdtir,  Vlrirliilii.  lli'  vim  mu"  of  lli-in'rnl 
MiirKiiiiK  jxTiuiiiiii  iiii(|  liitliimii'  frIi'iiilM  llr  iiiiiiiili'il  him  ilurliik; 
lliii  llliM-MM  tl.nt  tiTiiilmit  it  liU  nil'  iDiil  pii'iii'lii''l  till'  I'liiU'riil  Mi'rttiiui 
over  liU  K'nvi*.  To  liltn  I  nni  liiil)>lii.'il  ri<r  i»  tiirt,'"  fiilli>cilon  of  fMi'ti* 
mill  liiiiti'iloti'M  In  ri'lnll'iti  In  OciU'ritl  Morgan  wlili-li  tun  llin>ii|^li  liU 
I'lillri'  run  IT  nml  wlildi  witi'  rt'i'oriird  /rmn  hi»  oirn  tijin,  ll  wmill 
III'  iiuni'iili  to  I'Mliniiito  tliK  a  IviiniiiNfi'ii  I  ilorlvitl  from  tlil*  viiliiiilili< 
ronlriliiiiliui.  It  rxpinlni"!  rliciiiniliiiirr*  wlilcli,  wlilioiit  It,  wnulil 
liavi>  ri'iintiniil  liH'xp!ii'itlili<  WlnUi'Vi'r  of  nii<rit  itiiiy  Im'  nrrnrili'il  to 
till*  roniiiTiion  of  I'viiitn,  mm  illipluyiMl  licri'  nml  tliiTc  tliri>u);li  tint 
work,  will  In  ii  k^'u^  ■l*'Ki^>)  buowln^tn  llii<  iiHHiMiiini'it  I  riH.Milviil 
from  Dr.  Illll."    •    •    • 


t  riiiin  I  thai  ill* 

Ullll*l    I'llKl  •,    llltll 

WM  iiiuiiy  lit  niir 
rtillii't'  Mill)  rml* 

I'lirri*)'!  Iiiriiriiiii 
m<  rli'li  It  wmri'i' 
niiik«  hlni  iln' 
iilii>  liiiN  ilrut^ii, 
full  far  Hlmrl  *>f 

•<ni<nil  .M<irt(iiii'M 
:i>  Httil  riinni'i'ifil 

liiiv iiirlliiiti'il 

ri'iulrr  iii'lviniM  I. 
Ml  nf  llii'M'  U  tllii 
M  iiiii>  of  lli-iii<rnl 
ili'il  hliii  tliirliii; 
'  riiiirriil  Mi'riiitiii 
iilli'Cllon  of  fm-tii 
tun  ilir<iii({li  IiIm 
liim.  Il  wiiiill 
im  till*  viiliiiilili' 
'illlOIII  It,  \viiul<l 
y  Ih'  iircnnliMl  to 
i>ri<  iltri>u);li  tlm 
Innrn  I  rifclvtil 


T.\  inj-:  or  contents. 


L 


I. 

DANIKI.  Mu|((l,\N.-lli:iU>. 

|iMlk<^M»  Mkwtwn,  N''<*  ili'tx  jr  mi>i  ri'iiit»|l«iml«  Nrtti  rMm  Mm,  **lto> 
ilu>  Am#fli'iiii  "  Vifuliilii  III.'  niiiii'i.r  III*  «il"|iil'>ii  An .(iii|«iiil''«  Hwnl- 
iliMli'a  iiriiiy  •«•  It  t<«iii<ii'r    ii>'i>n\r  liiiiMlri>l  llriil       .  Iii>«,iiiii|iitiii|i'i|iitr)r. 

tltiMirti*  I I"'     IM'imif"  •  -iilillif.    Triii/I"'  «<iniiiiii(>r  wliti  III''  IimIUii-, 

M>i»>  Mll'l  iml-  WitrrI'",  •iitli".  »ihI  urnv*.  ilrli  M.  if  iiiliiin  .  IimIIhii 
H.ira.    Ohlttlii"  litrifi-  ^riilii"  nt  liml  f"ir  III-  ••  r>lM'.      IU«r>  iif  ill.'  UMl.'  nf 

l4<«ii'>/li>ii     K| '•  Ih.' •nil"!' "f  III.'  Ili'i.iliilliiii  liili'llli{iu>l>      H.'ffiilu 

)•  riiMi|iitii]i  mill  iiiiiri  !!•'•  In  n-wlmi  t       > 

II. 

iii;nki>ut  .\UN»»I.I».-M«M'K  wvmo 

IlK  hirih  iiihI  miM-irv.  Klirn  i>lil  I'lirlnm  ..lurk.  Hlmiit.'.  hl«  mi«'i'«lry. 
t'hllil  !■•  tillM'r.if  III.'  iiiiiii  III"  yiiMllilul  vllliilny.  Rflin'"  All  I'llunill.in. 
A|i|>ri'iilU'iil  iiiii  ilriiutft'l  lliiii«  rii. iiy  mill  iiil'Ti  lliu  llrllUli  ►••rili'i'  n 
lirmiulil  I'ltik  liy  111"  f.  mill"  lli-iiili-i",  l»i'..rl.  Kiiilwrk*  In  liimliK'". 
Mitki".  Ii.i>lt'  I'l  II.'  rli'li      llili'l'..     ^'iilt<  In  lm-liit«K     Ihtiilinitilry.     Ilrari'  of 

111!'  hmil.i  iif  U'tlhiihin      ltil»i'«  «  I i|iiin>  mnl  miiii(Iii'«  In  Ifewlnn      In- 

IrmliK  liliii».'ir  Iniii  Kiliiin  Alliii*  imrly,  itml  ii«  tin'  full  "f  TU'«in.l.'r.iini  lin 
l-ial.la  n|Hin  Ktil.Tliiif  III"  riirl  nl  All.'ii'- -lit.',  «il>i«  .ill. m  > m  I'Uiryli'nljf 
Ui-lvtiii,  l'ri/i«  III.'  fiiimillln  I'Hii.illliiHi.  tlllir"  I"  I'ml  II  nml  li.'..>ini. 
I '•|iiin<lli|''riir  Imi'Hcr.'.'..  t'ru.'.ili.' vxtioillllnii  iIimhikIi  Miilim  in nurprlr.' 
I|ii.'Imc.    Oitcra  tu  It'Ml  I'.    WHalilnuiiiii  trivtw  liltii  llM  vnmiiwiia. 

iii.-irr.v 

WAHIIINOTON    AM)   HIS  OF.NKUAT.R 


Tlii'lr  al.'nili'r  hIiIIIiIl'ii 
wrllii'-iirva^klotiv-     . 


% 


UU  lucri'illblu  lulmrn  ami  miScumt.'«.    TrcatU  Uio 
» .»»•• 

IV.— irr.\  iTx 

THHOIdir  TIIK   NVII.DKIINFSM. 

Tlin  Iritiftf  wnitnci' iif  III.' Iti'viiliilliiii  Mnrunn  II"  rriil  h  inl.r  l)ri".«  nf  Ihn 
rllli'  i'iini|iiiny.  Tiny  iK'rliirin  llic  iiilmr'.  nf  llrrriili-.  I>i'r|iiiti'li  iiml  "O- 
ci'.'i'V  III.'  .'•"■nlliilK  I.I  aiirr.'HK.  Arnnlil  .'ifiir.'.  ii>  rnlliiri'  liyi-i'iiilliii*  iili.'iul 
li'MirH  liy  rrl.'iiilly  liitll  ili'.iiniiiitiiirliiulil-.  ii|i|iriinrli.  Tin  v|iriiM'  nnrrji'liilly, 
iind  llic  Uilll'li  K.'l  llu'  l.'tU'i'".  rjiiiii  iirrlvlM','  nl  (Jiu'Ihi',  Mnr.'iin  riidiniiil- 
Ire- mill  iimii.i".'"  In  ii'^-milt  linini'illiiiily,  Arimlil  .li'ilin.'''.  Miinlpiin.'ry 
mill  Arnnlil  iirii'r»uiil  Jnin  I'nrri'.  iiml  ninki'  llii'  iiltiuk.  Miinli.'nini'!  v  In 
kilji'il  mill  Arnnlil  wniiinlril  mii'lili'  thu  hiiIIk.  Mnr^mi  AH'mnri.  rnniiiimiil, 
il'i-millx,  nnil  ki'U  Intn  lIu*  Inuii  ami  If  liikrii  prlxniH'r.  Mnit;mi  ntlroi'la 
nll.'iitinn  la  vlaili'il  by  n  llrilMi  .ifVn  liil.  t\hn  iin'i'r»  lillii  ('i|iiitl  rutlk  In  llio 
nrlll>li  army.    Miir','»ii  r.'pi'nU  It  ii'- u  pi'i-nmil  iii~iill 


m 


m 


TAlJl.i;   (»l'   t'USTi;NT.S. 


v.~n;(;. 

'I'lIK    U'.'/I'l.MOA'l'. 

r\(iE! 
CiitiBrO"'*  Hlinjliomly  porsNi  in  iln  :iil(iii|r,  lo  ciiiKinir  fiitimln.  Wiisic, 
lljwl^l^'J■.  mil  ruin  follow  Ariiolil  now  cull-  for  llic  n'irivil  iw  loudly  ii* 
III'  liail  ciilliil  iiir  liic  Milvann'.  lie  I-  iDurl-iniirtliillril  for  iniil-inlniinli'- 
Inilion,  AfliT  till'  ri'Mwil  liK'rowii  I'oiiit  Arnold  iiri.M>  llic  linililiui;  lliu 
l.iilii'  lliH-l.  II.'  (•oinuiaiid^<  It.  liKli'rl.iki'-'  iIh'  liniic>.-«l!dc.  llih  wlioli'  lli'ct 
di'slroycd,  imrllv  li.v  !lii'  c-ncinj'  and  iiai'llv  :iy  liini«i'|f.  «ic'(i<  uTcal  'jlory  and 
a  hiiiiadli'i'  general'!'  coinini->l(Mi.  Tlie  C'ana.Hun  fxpi'ilitlon  fnda  in  dl^U"- 
Icr,  faiUiri',  imd  hIiuuu' "l'* 

VI.— r;;(i. 

AI,L  S   WVAA.  THAT   KNDS   WHIJ., 

Tlio  Ri'viilulloiuin'  pintylias  achicvrd  a  scrii'-ipf  lirillianl  sure  "-'f.  I.cx- 
n)i;l<)n,  Concord,  Hunker  Hill.  Ticondcro^'a.  Ilo-ion  ddivcird,  and  Ihc 
ri'pnlcc  of  llic  Hrili-li  army  ami  U'lvy  from  Ciiarlc-lon.  S.  C,  Ti'c  lidf  of 
Viclory  now  clil!..!  'lln'  IPili-li  laml  a  -plcnddly  cciuipia'd  army  on  l.onj{ 
l»uind.  \V;\-liini;t('n  lia«  a  l-inic  anuy  and  no  ircncral-.  II  "  lia-  Mime  sol- 
tUcrH.  Tlic  Miirylaiiil  anii  Delaware  lr<ii  ii'^  here  win  llieir  ^pllr■.  Wai-li- 
Inu'lou  aceomiili-lcH  a  nui-lerly  ri'ircal,  ai  il  maneuvrert  :n  the  llludilands, 

(;ieene  I «  l'<irls  I.ee  and  \S';i.-hiii^'lon  i\illi  larKC  (.'arrl^o'i^  and  ^lc)reH. 

^Va>'ldn;.'lon  ri  lreat>  Ihroiiu'li  New  .JerM-y.  I.ee  und  (J.itcs  decline  lo  aHsl«l 
him.  and  inlritrue  for  Mr*  place.  ^Va>lnn■;l;!n  recrosses  the  Delaware, . 'iir- 
pri-.'s  and  capiur(w  ihe  Ilosians  at  Treiilon.  Kroin  lieiiifj  purnuod,  \V^^*ll• 
iuirtiai  becorucf'  tin  pursuer.  The  Brili-h.  tlioui'li  t'ley  oulnuniher  hini  lh« 
time:',  retreat  and  llnally  fall  li.nk  to  New  York.  The  rninpalL'ii  of  177ti  is 
a  lol.il  failure  lor  the  lirilMli  Will,  a  force  of  not  less  than  llfty  thousand 
they  aim  three  sinndianeous  blows  at  the  Yinini;  llviiu'idic— for  tVu  posses- 
hion  of  the  Hudson  Itiver,  I'liiiadelphia.  and  Charleston.  The  city  of  Nc\.' 
Voik  aluao  rocompenscs  till  ir  d^'antie  eirorl.s 58 

viL— irrc,  irrr. 

THE   UIFLE  HEtil.MKNT. 

Mnrcnii  Is  pnrolod,  and  returns  from  Canadii.  V/asldni.'loM  recommends  hint 
to  ('oi';.'ress  for  promotion.  T'ley  irlie  him  a  Colonel's  connnission.  Ilu 
recruits  his  re'.'inieni  am'  j(d!i.^  VVashiniilon  March,  1777.  Washinirloi;  de- 
t.iils  five  hundiel  pieUid  rillemei.  and  puts  Moru'an  In  ccuinnand.  Ilowi^ 
menace-'  rhdadelphia  hy  way  of  >;ew  Jer-ey.  Washinclon  oul'-'cneriils 
him  Mop.'.Ti  shows  himself  a  master  wcn-kman.  Howe  rclnrns  to  New 
York  to  renew  the  attack  by  soa 70 

viii.-i::r. 

FATJ,   OF   TI('ON"I)EnO(JA. 

Plnns  of  (lie  Ilritish  ministry  are  tile  same  as  for  177(1.  Capture  of  Hudson 
Tli\er  and  I'hil.idelphi.i.  liurLToyne  advances  from  Can.'idn  down  Lake 
Clnmpl.iin.      ISelakes    TieoMdero:;a,    cau^in;.'    Conlineiitil    consternation. 


r\(in 
niln.     Waste, 

IVi*    llllllll.V  111 

imil-iiilniiiiis- 
'  liiiililiii:,'  III)' 
11-  \vlii.;r  llfcl 
livil  LrlDry  and 
fiids  III  (\i>n*- 


I'.Mii; 

-lill  llin  al  iiM 
niiiiaiKl  i>f  llh' 


lAlll.i;  UV  COSTIiNTS. 

Wii-liliiL'l.iii   liri|i^  liiH  pM-liliMi  luai'  Nrw  Y'Tk  a-  ll'w 

I'liilacli'lpliia.    (lite-'  iimiiriivrcM  i i>il  Sfliil.ili'i'  I'mm  llii'  i 

Nuiihcih  l).')i:irliiirnt.  Iiilii-IK-  Ui  u'"!  Hi''  'i  '"I  I'f  Wa-liiiii;hin'.  iiHIc.t- 
anil  Irdiip^.  t'iiii-ivfn  dlrur!  lli.il  Mmu'iiii  and  th.'  rilli'  ii'Uinn'nl  ln'  m  nl  1m 
dllUh'  rM»iHlanC" 

IX.— i;;r. 

BATTLK  l»l'   HHANDYWlNi;, 

Wa«liin«li>n  onLMi,'!'-!  IInwc  Willi  o  ^.'ivully  Mi|ici-iiir  fnrcc  al  llic  Hnindywinc 
anil  iHilcli'al.d.  llii»o  lalf-  I'liil.i.lrlpliin.  Wa-liiimlin.  mmiIimt-  anulliir 
liailli-al  (iirinaiiliiHii.  I.ii^ri' It.  Ill'  rrtpu'^lK  (iaii'- to  tiiiI  liack  Miiri.-aii 
In  r.i-  a^^Ulanri'.  (iiili'rt  ili'rliiiis  tci  h.^iuI  him.  Iliii/iiynr 
(iali-,  vvliiihlili  ri'l'ii-i  ^  iK^i'iiil  Miiii,'aiito\ViiHlilii;4ii)ii. 
t'olniRl  UiiiuUlDii  lodeuiaiid  llic  lrin)|w. 


tx 


'iirrrndi'i'^   li 
Wu^liin-'liili  i-i-'iiili' 


i^-i 


I'li'il,  anil  till' 
,  Tl'i'  liili'  uf 
army  on  Lmi;; 
lia-  ^|lm('  1-1)1- 
-piir-.  \Va>li- 
lir  IliL'lilaiiils. 
Ms  anil  ^lllrl'«. 
'clini'  III  iiKsNt- 
Dolawari',  -iir- 
nrriiod,  Wa-li- 
iniliiT  liiin  lUi! 
alL'ii  of  1771)  is 
lUly  IliDiisiiiil 
for  y'.'u  posMS- 
le  city  of  No\>' 


53 


•ommcnds  him 
iiimis>inii.  Ilu 
uwliinu'lDi;  (lo- 
iiinaiid.  IIi)\V(! 
>n  (iiitircnorals 
ulurns  to  New 


tnre  of  TTnilson 
In  ilo  VII  Lake 
ciint^iri'iimion. 


X.— i;7r. 

AI{NO!-I)  HHFOUK  CONOHESS. 

Arnold  is  ordorod  to  Rliodi'  Miiml  to  recruit  n  forco  nL-iilii^l  it  tlirealeiu'd 
inva-lon  of  thai  coast  hy  h  Ihithh  (Kel.  Fails  to  aicoinpllsh  the  piirpiwc. 
Till'  Hrili-li  cnlri'iich  at  Newport.  .Nniold  deleniiiiii-^  lo  i,'i)  lo  I'hlladd- 
phlil.  On  his  way  in-  hears  that  the  Biltl-h  li;ive  niiuloa  raid  into  Connec- 
lieiit  to  liinii  lliii  stores  al  Daiilmry.  The  ('Dniieetieiit  militia;  under  \V ous- 
ter, follow  them  Arnold  joins  lliem  iiiiln^lleii.  KinhtswlnihnilN;  has  two 
horse-  killeil  uiiiltr  him.  The  Biliisli  get  sali  ly  nwny  alUr  having'  done  all 
theyiume  lo  do.  Arnold's  "e.xploils"  reaeh  ('Die.'icss  they  present  him 
with  a  horsi  and  a  Major-G.neral's  commi-^siim.  He  is  bIHI  dissatlsfted. 
Wa«liin;;toii  olTers  him  a  post  on  the  Unison.  He  refuses  it.  Woi'H  to 
ridlailelphla  ;o  di'iniind  an  imniiry.  Kinds  Ihni  his  Caiinliiii  misdeeds 
have  told  heavily  o^'alnst  hliii.  The  spirits  of  Tiiondeio^'a  anil  Moiit- 
reill  will  not  iliwn.  II''  parinles  his  services  and  his  wimiids.  He  Is  ac- 
(lilllled  and  susiuinc  I.  He  thou  presents  his  acciuinls  for  settlement, 
with  enormous  ai;i.'ri';,'ule  in  his  favor.  Siispliioiis  of  his  knavery.  Cun- 
(jress  refuse  to  settle,  lie  resitrns.  At  that  moment  Tii  onderoL'a  falls. 
\Va-liim,'lon  soodies  him  and  iirjes  him  to  join  the  army  before  ltnr;;i>yiie. 
llotjocs"    Undcrtukc.ilhfre'.lif  of  KorlSlanwix,  hntdoc-notdoit.   . 

XL— I7r7— 1T8(>. 
HORATIO  (JATES. 

i;  I'es  assumes  cnnimand  nf  the  army  hefore  lluri'oyiu'  Aiisust  inth,  Immrdl- 
alelyafier  the  haMloof  Heiinln^'lon,  hy  which  the  Ilrili»/i  were  irretriev.i- 

hly'lamnl.    (iates'  Hevoliitionary  cai r  i-  oi f  intri-iio.  iiol  of  mtvIiv, 

At  Si:a!n'-'a  he  appropriates  laurels  that  helon..'  to  Moi-.-an  •mil  oilieis,  and 

assumes  thn  r of  the  coni|neiiiii;  Iumo.     Af:er  llie  s,ii renil.r  nf  Itiiru'cyne 

Conirress  makes  him  i»ie>ii|eiit  of  the  Hoard  of  War.  Washiiii;ton.  in  iTlipsit 
at  Valley  Fortre,  is  now  at  Cates'  leiuler  mercies,  whi-li  are  cruel.  He 
works  tiie  "eahal."  H  explodes  wilhoiit  harm  lo  \V:i-liiiii.'loii,  tlioiii;li  he 
"sutrers  e\i|iiisiie  pain."  (iates  iiri.po-^cs  anolher  e.<:;ieiliiion  toCaiiaila. 
ll  fail-.     He  1)1  iiipies  olher  posts,  which  the  tiili!  uf  war  ilofs  not  ruaih.     In 


8H 


TAIILi;  OF  <;0_MliM'rf. 


PAnn 


\1Mi  hi'  rwi'ivpH  tlic  (•iiniiimiiil  of  llin  Sontliprn  Tlciitirdnf iit.  Al  rmmliMi  Ik 
oltcrtiiitH  111  fli.'hl  hi- own  ImllK'.  Ciimili'ii  iniok^  \Uv  liiilililr  of  Sumin-'ii. 
Ill' (.'('tH  lllr«  (|lllclllr*  ,         , I  I  •  1 1*' 

Ml. 

HATTI.K  ok  TIIK  COLCyMM.S— No.  I.-ITTT. 

ImiKirliuicr  (if  llii'  Iwlllc^  ol'SiiriiiciL'ii.  UaiikiinKPiiL'  tin'  "llflccn  docii-lvfliiit- 
llrv  cif  the  Hiirlil."  Di'lcal,  riMil.iuiil  cupnirc  <if  Uiu';.'<iviu'V  i\riiiyc(iiiviii(i'< 
Kiirii|M'  of  ihi'  iiliinmli'  Uiiiiiipli  of  llic  Coloiil  •  IihInci'h  Kiii'icc  to  iit- 
kiiowlcilur  »*  anil  coiiH'  opriily  to  our  ii^i-lhluiicc.  Of  Iliirt'oyiicV  uciirrul-, 
Kramer  is  inoi't  llliiHtiious.  I<uiik»  "itli  Tarli'toii.  bolli  arc  iloomccl  to  Im 
oiilu'i'iieralli'il  and  put  to  ►liaiiie  by  Ifitiirl  Moii.'nii.  MurifanV  coipi'  coiisli- 
tiilc  till'  iiilvanci'  of  tiato-'  army,  with  ili«ci('lionary  povurn  to  optTiilc  ac- 
conliiii;  to  lili  jmlL'iiu'iit  Tlii'  Biitinh  ailark  Si'pieiiilicr  I'.lili.  MorLaii 
coniluclr'  till'  (Irfnicc  Kirondcd  liy  CoIohoIh  Scaiiiiml  and  t'illv,  with  oilier 
coloiii'ls.  No  liiirlivr  oiIIcitm  III  the  tlrlil.  Mon.'aii  liiiils  all  Ins  Hiri'iii.'lli 
a'jiiiii'l  h.iizi'r.  Kind-  liliii  .i  fociiian  worthy  of  lii»  stt'cl.  Ni;;lit  i  lo»i's  Iho 
lialtle  The  llrilisi:  kiip  tlic  Held,  lint  atlli  far  heavier  lors  than  that  ofiho 
AmericniiH.    A/iiold  not  npon  the  Held  at  all.  .        ,        ,        .        .        .101 

\in.-ir:r. 

TUK  SIIJHKNDKR. 

Itiircoyne  hopCH  for  aid  from  Clinloii  lielow.  The  British  nwin  offer  hallh'  on 
October  Ttli.  (iati's  '•■irders  Mortran  to  bei.'lii  the  tfitno"  by  allaekliiL'  in 
Iriint  Moriran  jii(i;;es  olIuii'wiM',  suhinits  hi-  ouii  plan  of  allaek.  tiates 
iieeeptH  It.  MoruMii  ii'^'ain  tliiils  Krazerlhe  invineib  e  Mortraii  pnnide-  lor 
his  death.  With  t'ra/.i'i's  fi'.:i.  fell  bM.  The  tleid  battle  all  over  in  Iwiiily 
iniiititc's.  The  Aiiierieaiis  r  ursii.  ..ml  sloriii  the  Itrilish  tleld-works.  .Mur- 
pill  and  his  ecirps  rush  npoi   the'MJn'at  Uedoiibl.  '     (fates  salutes  Moijjaii 

(111  Ills  return  from  the  lie  1  as  the  he if  the  seeond  h:itlle  of  Saratoga. 

Arnold  had  been  ngaiw  torbiddeii  by  (iates  to  i;o  upon  tlietleld.  Ilearlni.'  the 
t-hoiils  of  the  vUiori  Arnold  rushes  in  at  the  heel  of  the  liuiil.'.its  hi-  liorsi^ 
killed,  mill  his  old  wound  reopened.  Ills  fame  secure.  Siitferinns  and  he- 
roism of  riUijjoyne'H  army,  lie  surrenders  Ortnber  ITIh.  (iates'  toadyism. 
lie  munds  MorKUli  for  the  "rabal  "  aBaiiisI  WashliiK'toii.  MoiL'an  spiirrin 
the  proposllion.  (iates  wilhdmWH  his  favor  from  Moruan,  and  docs  not 
mention  his  name  in  theolllcial  aocoiinl  of  the  seeond  battle,  tlales  and 
Arnold  mere  Hu'iire-liead-.  The  battles  foiiiilit  by  American  eoloncls  and 
(lie  yeomanry  of  New  York  and  New  KiiLdand.  MorL'au  bear-  ihe  Iniint  of 
both  liattles.  (.'oiiltc^s  ^.'ives  to  (iates  u  (.'old  medal,  to  Arnuld  the  full  rank 
he  had  demanded  to  .Moi');an  not liliiK US 

XIV.— i:rr.  irrs,  i::'.). 

HARD  SKKVICK  AND  NO  LAUHKLS. 

Morirnn  njoins  Washlui'ton,  and  enters  upon  n  service  of  eiuditeeii  montlis 
iiivolvim;  continual  hardship,  toil,  and  daiiyer.  Krieiid-hin  belweeii  Mor- 
tsnv.  and  La  Kayottc  In  the  spring'  of  IT*!!,  tliiils  his  eoii-litulion  breakini; 
down.  Ills  winti^r  in  Canada  had  develope  I  sciatiea.  Siibscfiucnl  exposure 
had  fised  il  iu  his  system  Self-ro-pcci  is  wniiniied.  Morgan  resiiins  and 
iloi'K  home  to  lii»  ploui;h.  i''A 


PAflK 


rninili'ii  111' 
f  Sumio.'ii. 


IJU 


III. 

eriFlvt'lmt" 
ycdiiviiiccji 

I'lCC    to  lit- 

•■»  uciiprul-', 
[lllinl  til  liu 

DIpK  COIIfili- 

<i|H'nili'  ac. 
1.  MnrLJiii 
,  uiili  iillicr 

IH  HlrrtlL;lll 
It  I  ll)»rr<  tlin 
I  llllll  III'  iliu 


104 


'it  linill''  nn 
illiuklnt'  ill 
;nk.  tiiili'i* 
in'iniili"'  I'lir 
r  in  Hviiiiy 
Dik^.  Miir- 
Ics  Miiijjim 
if  SiiniliifO. 
Iliaiiiiu'  iliu 
Is  lii"  liiirifo 
iiijs  mill  liu- 
-'  liiiiilylMii. 
I'L'iiii  Hpiirrig 

111   lIlHH   nut 

tlaiOH  mill 
iilonrls  an.'l 
llii'  liniht  iif 
III'  lull  nink 


Hi 


?i'ii  niontlix 
lupeii  Miir- 
in  brt'iikiiii; 
'tit  p^tpll^inrl' 
roslpnc  nml 


.\v,-ir;s,  1 ;:'.'. 

AUNOl.n    AT    IMllLADKl.l'lllA. 


XI 


P.\(IK 


Arnnl 


III 


151 


l:J» 


rnnlil  nurT-  lil- wimmliil  l<",'  throiiL-h  Ih- winirr  of  17TS     llivi.|vi'«  nar- 

^"I'li.'M.iilillvniiiipl III.  Mr  UN  v.l.ir  In  Hi.  Im-ll.'...  -'■l''';'' "         '  '; 

ll,;,,.,!,  ni.l  i.n  11,1'  iMil      In  ihi'  -piln^  In'  vi-M.  N.'W  IIi.mmi    ulnrr  I      I- 

;,,.hi.il  u-  111.'  Ii.'. sar.ilou'i.  «itl.  ili'inon-tru-lnn-.    (In  -ho  ;;);•"»";' 

,.f  IMiilinlilpliii.  I.ylli.'  ll.it,-li  lir  1,1,1,1111-  .unuiiinil  ulHu-  c  ty.  ";-■";'■;' 
„„,„  In  ,|„.  wrnn.'  plan'.  I'lnu  r-  upnn  a  -y-H'-i.  ol  -p.-uludmi  aiul  plnml  •  . 
;;, ,"  till.  ni.'rHianll  liy  ,h. r-.    .Mainl.  uilli  llM'CuuncI  i.t  IVnn.ylvann  . 

iii.iaii- .-'if  1"  .pUMiiinr anil  mmri.-  ii.r  bi'Mi'  "r  ''•^^■  ;';;';;'>'     ''  ; 

r,'-p.,ii.l-  »iili  III"  .'ni'.i.y.  anil  .'..'IruiL'i's  valnaMr  InMnna i  l-n  Iliili-li 

HM.    liip.ipulur»ilhUiiM"''M''"'-    Allackiil  In  Hi-' MroHs.         .        .        .i 

XVI.— 1  :;'.•.  Kso. 

TIIK   COlTUT-MAUriAl.. 

Arnulil  1.  ciiirt  mHi'tlall..il.  an.l  ri.pri".an.lpa  in  KcnlU-  wnr.l.  l.y  WnMhiiiCI.-n. 
l{,.,'i.ivi',  it  >nll,nlv.  |{,.-i.|v,.i,pi,n  Iri'a.i.ii.  IT-.-i'il  by  In- .ri'ililiii-.  l-o 
olbT-bini-ilffur  sail'  H.  llir  IMmiH.  An.l,aH,aili,r,  Tlir  K...n,  Innaii  nnniv 
,l,.,.|in.'..  III.  ili'i.r.mni.-  In  i-biain  cmnnianil  iif  \Vi  si  I'uini,  anil  sHI  ibo 
llails,-ii  UiviTl.,  III!'  llriii-b 

Nvii— nsu. 

THKASON. 

The  r-.mplol  ..r  Aini.l.l  willi  Clintiin.  Majnr  An.lr*.  An.nM  .U'vli-..s  ll.pmi,.- 
tlii.f  wilb(,'>'cttl'l''il-    l.'inallycn-iiii.sllsf,iiUirc'.    K.x.'iuti.m  "f  Anilru.     .  M 

xvni.-ns<».  irsi. 

Au.nOLDS   S.MAM,    VILLAINIF...?. 

lli-aMp„inls  bis  no«  masliTs.  HaMio  fnlbivviTs.  Sn-vp^  llir  Anirriiaii  oaiiM- 
f„i'  llii'  llrsi  lii.w.  Brilisli  bnvi.  ni.ronlld.'iicp  In  bim.  Appoint  liini  oiilyli. 
tbr  worU  of  lb.,  tbicf  an.l  Ibi-  roblar.  Ifc.va'ji.s,  burns,  an.l  |iluiiil.rs  ,n 
VirL'inia  an.l  nfl.r»ariis  in  ('.,nii...'li.'iil.  Uis  i.'.nins  only  llial  -f  Hii'  il''- 
Hlrucliv.-.  (iops  II,  Ki.-I',n,l.  Imi  I'.mis  biins.if  lU'i...!.'.!.  S.'.'ks  ii  .•ou.inaiul 
in  tbc  lliilisb  siTviii'.    N.  vir  obuius  it.    I'orlunt.ikserts  liiiii  to  tbt.  iuM.  .  lU. 

xix.-n:o. 

TIDE  OF   HA'ITLK  FLOWS  SOrTIIWARP. 

nrilislilako  Savannah.  Urn.  I.iiipolii  talii's  roniman.l  at  tbi' Soiilli.  Kmich 
nn.l  An.iri.aiis  altenipt  t<>  ri'take  Siivaiinab.  Kop.ilsf.l  wiili  sianu'litiT. 
UeatU  of  Jaspi'i-.    Liiuoln  puns  hims.lf  up  in  llmiK'slou  witli  his  army.     .  ITU 

XX.— ITHO. 
TllK  arol'HtiK  OF  THE  CAHOIJNAS. 

Clinton  Mi.nmoiis  Lin.oli,  losurri.n,l,.r  Mav  10.  ITWI.  Charl..ston  falls.  T.'.rh-- 
ton- his  military  siMiius     (.hiiion  l.ttv^.s0.lU^valll^.^viIhTal■lHon,lolinl^h 


xH 


■I'AIIM;  Ol'  COMllNTrf, 


TAIIK 

till'  mliiniriiHiin  iif  tlif  Smiih.  Tln'V  (li'lcnnlnc  !»  crii»li  mil  llii'  ^plrll  ■if 
lllH'fiy.  lialc-  a|i|inliilc(l  hi  Ihc  hoiilli.  lie  liniiicilliilrlv  n  i|iir"ii'  ('iiiii.'ri'p-< 
III  I'liiiiini-i-lciii  Miiipin  liriuHiliiTHi  ;iri'.il  anil  mihI  IiIiii  HchiiIi.  t'iiiii,'li'rii 
call- lilr.i  liilM  III!' Mi-vii'c  a- CiiliMH'l  Muiyaii.  'I'li  hi- rii  iiial  liuiinr  hi' ri'- 
liialli"  al  liiiiiu'.  <iali'-  inii-l  mi. I-  ui>  aloiii'.  Daltli'  ol'  Ciliniliii.  Ilr  Kalb, 
Willi  thr  Minlaiiil  anil  li.  laHUir  iiiiii|i-  al(inr,»an  Aimiliuii  iHiimr.  liali  ^' 
lllo  l(;nnlnllllliU^l.v  fnihi  llii' llilil '*!• 

.\.\i.~i:.s(i. 

PATlllOT   I.KADKItS  OF  TllK  SorTII. 

Till'  Siiiiili  riiiialnM  iiiiiiiiii|iii  rnl  Tliry  riilly  In  llif  Hliindiirilx  nf  llnlr  |.nliiiit 
ii'adrrM.  Davlij-iin.Wiiliani-,  Divii',  I'icKciih,  Siiinli'i'.  ami  Miirlmi  'I'arli'- 
Inn  i-liiki's  vii;ni-nii-l.v  III  lln'iii.  Mailmi  alum'  i>raiH"  lil»  wrath.  Muiiuii. 
tts  iiii.ii  Miiii  ^xi'iicral.    Similnrii  militia.    Tin  ir  iillliiiinl  crrvlci'.    .        .        .  I'M 

XXlI.-nso. 
HATTLi;  OI'  TIIK  (*01,oNKI,S.— No.  2. 

CdriiwiillH  ami  Tarl.Iini  Imni  ami  ravai.'P  HoiUli  Camlina.  In  So|ili'mlipr,  •' 
n«l,  imnc  towaiil-  Nuilli  Caniliiin.  Tlii'  ^llirll  ol'  Ihf  iiiuiinlaln- waken, 
t'oliiiirli  Clarkr,  ('lcu>i'luml,  I'aiiiplicll.  Williuni".  Slirlliy,  and  Sivirr  iinllo 
the  imiiinlaiii  vonmaiin.  or'  VirL-inia.  Tclini'^-ii',  tlio  <'ariilliiaj'.  ami  (Inir^'in. 
Till')'  cliiiili  Kin;;-  M;iiiiiialn,  (•iiciicl.',  ami  cni-h  ilir  lliin-li.  A  -iipiTli 
i.|i(ikr.  Nil  iillinr  aliiivi'  llir  iHiik  (ilciiliiml.  C'<ir!iwalli!<  und  Tniliimi  re- 
treat baik  inln  Soulli  t'unilina .        •        •  "* 

xxiH.— i;so.  i:8i. 

MA.JOR  (iKXKUAL  (JUKKNK. 

CunRrcsa  np|iolnt!<  rircciii'  li>  sneered  (iale-.  thf  iinvinii-  career.  .Iniirneyn 
Miiiiliwaril.  At  Miiiinl  Virmiii.  A-Hunier<  cumniaml  at  Clinilnlie,  N.  ('., 
Keeeinher-J,  1*1^1.  Kind-  llie  Sniilh  lint  a  "  Di-inal  Suaiiiii"  Itelin-  to  n 
Mriiiii.'  iiii>illiiii  nil  ihr  I'nI.e.  A  ••  caiiil' nf  leiMi-i."  Siiinli  r  ami  Marinii 
keen  "»-'  ita:ulard  nf  ili;'  K.pnlilic  w.ivinu 


■  in  tile  Simtheiii  part  of  llie  State.  JO.'l 


XXIV.— irsd,  usi. 

MOIMAN    TO   THE   UKSd'E. 

lleariiii:nf  llii'ili-tt-ler(ir('a:iiileii.  Mniwiii  -lay-  iin  liiiii.'er  iipiin  the  nnler  (if 
Uii*  (.'oiii-'.  lint  rni'K  at  nmi'  as  Cnlnml  Min^uii.  C'niiL'reHH,  iiru'id  by  .lell'et- 
Hoii.  u'ives  him  a  hripidiiT-^'eiiemlV  enininiM-iiin.  (JHten  nppniiiN  him  to 
ei.iniiiami  what  of  the  .MaiylamI  iinil  Delaware  liiii'  .^nrviveil  the  day  of  Caiii- 
(leii.  lie  lake-i  )in-t  ill  upper  Sniilh  Caiolina.  (ireciie  relleve;<  (iati-  ftiid 
coiitlrniH  MnrL-an  in  tlii^  -epaiale  cnininand.  MorL'an  !^  rnnv  thriateiiert 
with  Ihewhiile  I'.rili-h  iiriny  iimler  (■.iriiwuUis.  Tarliton,  am'  I.e-lie.  Jle 
wi-hi- to  iiiovcHniilhwaiil  and  meiiare  lln'lr  In.viv  po-ts.     (ireeiie  nlijeel-. 

C'urrespdiidem fCireeiie  and  Mhilmii.    (Jreiin.'  ha-  been  hiuid-omely  reiii- 

fnried.  hill  -till  reinainn  inaelive.  .MiirL'an  a-k-  fur  LiO"-  enrpi'  of  lavalry, 
and  fur  >'niiii'  diverr'iim  by  lie-  main  army  in  hi-  favor.  <ireeiii'  -ends  Lee 
ill  an  nppn-iledireelinn.  Mornun  -Ifjiiilles  that  be  inn-t  retreat  before  mi 
piiwirfiil  a  lone,  (ireene  objeel-  to  a  relrcal  finimi-  enire^pondeiiee. 
Tuileloii  elo-e  upon  Mor:.Mii.  •  "il^ 


»Mn 

ilii'  "iiirll  iif 

MiH  ('ini;:r(''"'* 

Ik    I'ltiiijrcfrt 

liuiiiir  lit'  ri'- 

n.     I)<'  Kiilli, 

Knicir.    (iiitivi 

.     .     .  m 

II. 

tlii'lr  pntriot 
irlcrii  'I'lirli'. 
itli.    Million, 


nil 


n 

1  Sciilrintior, 

lllllill-  \MlkC''. 
HrVirr   lllllli' 

ami  (i L-iii. 

Ii.     A  ^ll|"  ii> 
I  Tiiii'iiili  rt:- 


1!W 


or.    tliiiirncys 

lllnllc,    N,   ('., 

Iti'liri  -  to  a 
r  anil  Miirimi 
t  of  till' Stale.  M\ 


n  till'  nnlrr  <if 
u'l'd  liy  .MlVi- 
|iiihitt<  liim  III 
I'  (lay  (if  Ciiin- 
c'M  (iali-^  mill 
i\v  lliri  atriH'd 
('  I,(-lii'.  II" 
ri'i'iii'  iilijc'ii-. 
ul-oiiii'lj-  nlii- 
■|iii  of  cavalry, 

■111-    M'llds    I.l'i' 

real  bil'uri'  mi 
rH'liulHlrlicr. 


S13 


I  Alll.i;   OK   (  ONTCNT.-' 

.\.\V.  -  r.'M. 

AT   'rilK   CUWPKNS. 


Mil 


TarU'tiiii,  Willi  -npiTior  furci-,  m.r -  M.ir.at.     M..r..n  mil-  l-aoU  I.,  n  liar 

iMiiiil  .If  Hi.  ..«i.  .hMk'i'     Ti.ni-  HI •! ail.  inn,  .'ni-l h'-,  I-.  " n 

„,n:il.ll..t...  1.1-  «1M.W  nnny     Tl,.'  n„i-.  .n'llHan;  HHU  tl-'li.  ..    -  . ;«a..  .^  ''l 
,„.'  n,>l  .l.'l.a,  Uia,  Taili'lni.  mvU.-.     S,,l,'i,.li.l  ..i.n'n      ...».'  I  ■       1  ' 

rvlan.l.aii.li.nM.  Wa-lihi-mn.    IMmll.  1-  Im1«'    '    Hi.' liaill.'- nl  I  .■» 

;.n,rTM'-i.'u.     l-aiallil-   l-t^an   Mmu'im  ami  Miaki-p.'.nV-   mjal  Inn., 
llciii)'  V 


tVi 


XXVI— r.si. 

M(M!<i.\Ns  i{i';ri{i:.\T  to  (iriLioui'  contT-iioi'SK. 

TarlHiiii  nuiiiiit  an  mii,.  fur  IiIk  ania/.iii.'  .li  Cat.  Il  n  main,  a  my.t.'iy.  Mi-r- 
,.„,  not  ,lali'.l  liv  hi.  ..llHTl.  viiliiry.  Kimw-  llial  In'  «111  liav.'  I"'  « I .  I" 
I!,ill-li  pacU  at  hi-  hwl..  111.  rHrial  .hnw.  L'l.ftUT  u"  inu"  lli"'i  U"'  mill.', 
U-.oit.  I'.ru-Miml  ml.h'ail.  runiualll-.  I.n"<li'-I  il"wn  uiih  M""!"  '""• 
liil-MiHT.  h.'  cr.,".'.  thr  Uniail,  lln'  I'aiuli'l.  ami  llir  Oitawlia.  Hall,  h.'f.', 
I,„„|i. M.I  ll'lilai-'MlniHiiwii""  ill  hiim;  lip  llwK'iiliiainiy  111  lime.  l»flM) 
,l:,v,,rii.r  III.'  Imiili'  Oi.'.n.'  il.lr.  iiiM.  Murfai.-^  """\>  "iH'  ""'.v  »n  .'-corl 
olcaMilrv,  Till'  main  arniv.  iin.l.T  lliiv'.T,  i-  himh. '  in-  up  luwanis  aiiulher 
iHiliit     Al-i-i-'aii  1"  l)niliHi  ili.wn  vvilP  a-ui',  muhiiia,  ami  .ciatln,  Inim  f.'C- 

i„-„,';.  I.I  the  vvinti'i-  rain..     S,..'in^'  li P"  "f  .li-pnnnt,'  tl,.'  0..1--111K  of 

11,,'  rtiliivNlia  hv  (•..nuvalll-,  Mur-an  inarilii-  a«ay  i..\Nani  Hi.'  \nAM 
l..avi'.t;rioii.'al  llif  Calawlia  l....ill..-l  Il„'  mililla,  .'nilmira-.  tin-  .'n.'iny. 
;„.,  ,'„n„«.  Mo-.Mt,  .■rii".'.  Ih.'  Ya,ll;in  ami  .ak,'.  ..y.r  a  living  |,.i,mlat,n., 
ill,'.  1,,'ar  ihai  Tai'li'im,  1-  .■,.ini,iL-,    ••(Ir.at  iharl  "'  Ki't-  Ui.'n,  all  .aldy 

.,ve.,      II,.  .la r.  un.    On.  1 hl'.t  Ml  hi-  li."-''-    \V''il'-'  ''a.i<  U<  (.ivi'im 

tlial'nl  (luilf.inl  Ci.nri-ll.m-o  hr  mii-l  .init  tin'  -"io'  ami  -..humr  to 
riTinli.  llniiK-  lil^  army  to  »>Miir,.nl  I'Vliniary  Hih.  (..,'..lu•^  """>. 
iiml  rllUL'i'i', arrive  llicrc  tilt!  msltlay,l'Vliniary  11,1. M «*> 

xxvii.-nsi. 

M()ll»i.\N    AT   IIOMK, 

Moi-m.  roa.li.'.  Imm.^  oxliau.t.'.l  ami  wurn  I.,  ih.'  b.iiiP.  TJ.'C.'iv.'s  Ihi-  ion. 
Lrar.ilalioii.  of  r.mL'r.'-,  v-ith  «..lil  ii.c'.lai.  Al...  Iho.-'  ofSla,,'  olllnal.  aii.l 
liiHili.r  olll.Ti..  Till'  haul.'  of  C'owp.'ii.  U  .I'lor.  ly  .'rilii'i-.'.l.  Mori-'an  n 
miiliv.'.  ami  jiidmi.elit  iiiipil^'nea.  Al«.  1.1:*  l..oliv.>  i"  h'livln;:  the  htm.i'  __^^ 
at  that  time.     ,    ; 

xxvni.— 17(^1. 

(iHKRNK'S   HETUKAT   ACUOSS  THE   PAN. 

f!i',.<.n,.  r.'inain.  nt  the  Cntawbn  to  colleit  the  militia.  l).'ni,l>.in,  whh  tlvo 
l,„i„lie,l  militia,  L'ath.T  at  tin  Calawha  an.l  di-pnt.-  the  n„-iii-ol  tMni- 
ualli-'  arniv.  Daviihon  U  kiM.'il,  ami  Hi.'  miliiia  ..alt.',-.  <.nem'  <vii  I:* 
f„r  III.'  miliiia  sixl.'en  mil.',  away,  II.'  aflerwiod-  j-iim-  all  r.iiee-  at  (iuil- 
t.ml  0,111  t-llou>it'.    Ui>  foiee.  .  .iiial  ih....'  ..f  inni.uilli.,  Iml  he  ih.li.ie.  to 


»i 


Jtlt  TAIil.l;  Ol'   lON.KNTS. 

fl:M.  Ill  ('I'al-oviTllii' 1)1111 1" Sirirliilii.  Iiravlly 'diiforrpil.  In'  nirii.-c" 
III'  i),iii.  (  i.nivMill).,  Willi  h— .  limn  hiilfiJivi'iM'-  lor.  i'.  ■■ITii- liliii  Imt'lii 
III  (iiilllnni  liuiil-lliiii-i'.  tirniP'  iicirpl".  iiml  I-  lU'rialcil.  iOriiwuUN 
lallf  iliiwii  tiiHanl-  \\'liiilm,Mi'ii.  <ii>'iH'  iKiw  ri-iihrx  n>  |"i"li  li'il'llv 
liiloSiMiili  «'iir('llhii  iiiiil  •iii|in—  l.xnl  l(ii«iliinui  Ciiiiiil  n,  riifuriiiii.iii  l>, 
lii.'.iu'--  li'ilii-  r.ill  liilii  l(a\*aiMiV  hiiiiil"  till  1  111'  llml-  111!'  «"ik-  m  lain- 
(IniliMiMriiiifliiii-i-aiill.  Takr- im-IH'Oi  at  llulikiikV  hill,  liawilipii  Hiir- 
|iil«i-  Ori'i'iii'.  (iri'l'iif  l"\viii  'lul  ami  n  inai-  Tin'  «ar  In  Smiili  t'aiuliim 
iinw  iMciiiiii'  a  Haruf  |MJ-I-.  May  Hih.  M.iiiini  taki-  ImmI  Wal-mi  In  ln«. 
mill  ,<«  cumiMl-  HawilHii  m  ivanialr  I'aiii.l.ti,  .Mii>  II.  Siirniir  iaki-  Or- 
aiiL-lpiiil-'li.  .May  li.  Maii.ai  ami  Uilinia  Mull.'  lakr  I'.mI  .Mullf.  .lum- 
•Vli,  NiimltT  laki-  I'Mil  tiiiiiihy.  anil  i  nlnii.l  I.it  laki-  An^'il^-ln.  'I'liii-, 
liy  .Inly.  I>l,  SumliT,  MailiMi.  iiml  l,.>'  riiiii|.il  llir  .  >«rlialliPli  iif  lliu  wil"li 
SialiM  xci'iii  111!' MiKi'»i>l  l>.'t.M.'uii  riiurli'i'liiii  ami  Havaiiiiuli.       .        ■        .  Wt 

xMx.-i;si. 

MOHOAN    .\(i.\l.\    IN    TIIK  SKIiVICK. 

At  llic  iiri;i'nl  rail  nf  lln' VirL-inla  Siali'  iall.i:il-  anilul  la  Kayrtli',  Muru-an 
yiiiNiMi  hi-  MMaillu  iiii'i'l  'r.iil.loii.miw  in  Viri.Miila.  Ilr  .liiiii"  l.a  Kayi'lf, 
«ln.  i.'ivi«  him  niiiiiimiMl  (.r  all  ilu-  IL'hi  iinuii-  ind  vauiliy.  (ilvrr.  Tailr- 
luiupiu'  imiivclia  ■'.  .M'lir  llini  >mmU-' -riviri'  Moiuaii  Itriuki*  (Inwii  ni;uin. 
«;m^liiiin',  lia\iti;;-nmU  hi^  laM  lilii"  fill  ilii'aiiM' STD 


,\.\.\.— r.si.  • 

YOUKTOWN. 

WoililiilJl"n.  !i"Uriil  or  ilii'  i,M.|Hrati;>iior  till'  IViiich  Hi'i'l«.  iliriilr-  iiiim, 
IhrlririMil- ViirkliivMi  l).»ini>"iili'r.  ut-  tin'  Hilil-h  llnl  al  tin  immihuf 
llic '■h.-apiMikr.  \\^l^.llllll;^'M.  mar  .Vi'w  Vnrk.  mi-lraiis  iMiiilnii  n-  li>  lii^ 
lilaiiK.  .Maiclii-.  hi-  army  al  i'i.Mihlc-i|Uirk  t'lriMi.-li  .li'ivcy,  rfiiii-yhaiiia. 
ami  il<nvM  111  Aimaiiiill.-,  wIhmho  ilir  Krnii'h  u— fl<  lakr  llinii  tn  WIHiaiii»- 
hii;  'li.  \Va-hhii.'liiii  *i-ii"  Mmiiil  Vrrmm  fur  Ihc  llr-i  tiim'  In  fix  yiar-. 
(•rrnHalll-  h"|i<-  f<'i-  xmciir  fi.mi  cliiiU'ii  hy  mmi.    Th.    -ii'iif  |iro..'ri>-i  h. 

IVmIiti  aiTiir.l  liilw.in  ilir  Kivmli  anil  .\i iiaii  nlllccr-',    <'iirin\alll-  ai- 

H'm|.l^|H(-r»|Hl)v  ih.'.Iami'-  IIIm  r.  Slunii  ilriMv  him  haik.  11- laiiini 
lai.-.  CMniuallix  riniaiiiH  in  hi-  inil  ami  ncmlf  hi.-  i-uoiil.  War-hiniiloii 
fU-iaiiir*  (ho  nuiiiiiialili(,'»ll>' 


■JHIi 


xxxi.-irsi. 

AT    l..\ST. 

A  Nniinii'-  thnnk-.'lvlnjr.  Nndl-su  ini-iimli'v-lamllm.'  Iiolwpi'l)  Wnshinstnn 
ami  Miiiu-an.  Murt-an  al  lionm  Im|iii>M'il  laalHi  ami  tortum -.  Talii- 
arm-  a-aln  liiirini,'  lln'  -  Whi-Ucy  liifUniciiim,"  a-  ma,im-L:cmial  of  llio 
ViP'Inia  r.HTi--.  I  clpcti'il  liM'miu'n'-x.  IIimIiIi  ai-aiii  fail-.  Thr  "  llaii|iy 
Warniir"  liirn-lii-  lliniiL'hl-  hcav  tnwanl  I'rolnii.il  ln\aliiliMn.  Di'atli. 
Cliuraiicr  ami  HTvici.-     lli-hoiilor  of  niil.lary  ft'iiiii" 


S91 


III  liiltllU 
•  I'll»ull1» 

li  iMihll.v 
mil. Ill  l.v, 

III  Clllll' 

iliiii  Hiir- 
Caiiilinii 
n  hi  Inn, 
iiki-  or- 

C.      .Illlll' 

1  Tim-, 
liu  \>!i>)l' 

«i1 


.  MnrL'aii 
i  Kityrlli', 
ff  Tiiili'- 
iMi  au'uln. 


(Ill  ii|iiiii 

MMllllll  I't 

n-  Id  liii* 
i-,\hiiiim, 

w'iniuiii'- 

i-i.\  yiur». 
i'n'_'H'j*i*rH. 
nalll-  111. 
11-  niiillll- 


««) 


nshinstiui 
•■'.  Talii"< 
ml  (if  111!' 
(■  '■  lliipiiy 
(1.    Di'Uth. 


S9t 


^.:^-.^^. 


***^. 


1 


i 


«i&i 


•,^'' 


1 


I. 


DAMKL    M()U(i AN     111:110. 

"J  ltH>k  lUii'  friiiii  ihr  -liii|i.op|r  l<>  li"  It  prliico  iiml  a  nilir." 

IT  i-  no  mattor  of  rcjin-t  to  iih.  llml  tlio  liiiinaii  oii;:iii 
of  our  Inro  is  nvirlnm;,'  willi  iiissti  ry.  Wf  lilv  il- 
WImt  a  luH'iMf  tliiM  olwciirity  yivw  to  tlio  imii;;iiiiiiioii  I 
Till)  old  (In-cks  would  liiivr  set    it  tlowii  llius--*- Son  o.' 

Ju|iiU'r  ami ."     Wf  iiioiIi'I-mm  inijilil   do  wrll  to  tiiko 

a  hint  out  of  this  hoar  ami  la'aiitil'iil  iiwvk  in,vtholo;fy, 
that  HO  dcli^'hli'd   lo  nii\   ii|>   tlif  ;;ods   with  llio  alTaii-M 

t)f    Mlfll. 

Kicrnal  truth  !  that  lian  hlnonud  into  a  hi;;h('r  nu-anlnj? 
ill  our  Christianity,  when"  (io(|  in  His  word  and  in  His 
I'rovidi'iiit'  (DhtiMiially  shows  us.  how  lli'  n'ucws  the 
world  froni  lio'  iowii.-it  smiri'cs,  nsinj,'  the  Ihinjis  that 
arc  not.  to  coiit'ouiid  ilir  ini;rhly.  and  luiiij,'  to  non^rht  thii 
thing's  that  arc 

Naturu  disallows  heredity,  and  liaelvH  it  with  a  two- 
i>il;,'ed  sword.  IIow  shall  we  accounl  for  IjUthtT.  Shak- 
spere.  (.'roniwell.  Na|)(deon  or  \Va>hiM;,'loii  ?  llavin;,'  thoui 
iieri'  without  precedeiil ,  we  thereupiui  hiiild  <,'real  I'xpcctu- 
tioiis.  and  hehold  Ihu  outcome. 

Nature  is  averse  to  dynasties,  aiul  when  there  is  hravo 
work  to  l)e  dtiiu".  the  workmen  sprintr  into  tluir  places 
by  the  word  of  His  powci'. 

Oue  person  only,  could  have  lifted  the  veil  of  rays- 
tcry  from  his  autect'dciits -our  hero  himself.— hut  he 
dceliiu'd  to  do  it.  nor  did  he  <;ive  a  reas.Mi  t'^r  the  silence 
ho    maintained.      There    was   some    va^nc  hint    that    he 


to 


HANIl.t.  M*M(itAN— IIKUO. 


W.I'  t"!'  \VM.«h  fxtrjictiiin  ;  liU  |mri'iit'«  Jiiivih;^  t'mfijfciifotl 
tint  Ik  I'  «i>iiii'<>lii'it'  liilvu'cii  i;.>ii  ami  ImIh,  jlm  m* 
r«'iiiiMi'<ri>iii'i>  of  failii'i',  Mint  Iter,  fiMtiT  or  hroilicr,  t'liijii* 

ImmmI  III'  lltillli    t'Xi't'   i"<('ll|l('i|   llilll.       Il   i«  Illlri'I'liiill   wlli'tlh  r 

lie   liail   liiH  liii'lli|t!tiri'    ill    Ni'W  .li'i'M')'  (ir   l'i'iiii>,\Uuiiiii, 

llH    faillilv   IiUNIii^    iJMtl    nil    liiltll  MJllcil  of    llllt    riUT,  lllilT" 

lialt'ly.  ili'<  ilu'XTliitillilit  ft\\V  it  In  New  •lci»y  iiImiIiI 
li;l)l.  'I'll)  re  M  iiii'ttliir  misty  hii^'Ui  "lion,  thai  lie  laii 
iiuav  ri'oiii  lioiii(>  iipKii  Millie  ili-au'ri'i'iiii'iit  with  iii"  rallni'. 

We  Wolllil,  lloWcM-l',  JHtlcr  lake  llilll  jllnl  Ui*  We  tlllit  hilll, 
Maiiifl  Mor^'aii.  "Nulivi'  Aiiuiiiaii  "  in  il-i  lufiii'«i  .m  ii-c, 
ifkiii;;  no  i|iii  •.liiiiH,  \Vr  like  to  think  that  tlii'iT  tnii.'<t 
lliivv  htu'ii  hniKir  iiml  nIiiiic  in  llic  >toc)(  thul  miiiI  foi-lli 
mith  u  hIiooI  -  |Mi'liiiji-'  wionu'  ami  iii.jii-ti(i>  Hoiiiiwhcri' ; 
lull  oMT  all,  our  luro  tlraw."  a  pull  of  iinltrokiii  Hilciui'. 
^  c  I  \\^>  know  of  u  MiiiTly  that  tliu  ;.'o.|-(  wftv  thrre,  ami 
dill  -it  their  K'lil  to  ;.'ivt'  thi>  worll  iH-nraiicr  of  a  iiia'i. 

'riii>io  lli>t  seventi'eii  \ears  of  ,Mur;;anV  life,  then,  \m' 
call  hi'  |irehi-|iirle  ap' — Inil  front  thi>  time  he  lie;;in.s  lo 
^'iM-  aei'oiiiit  of  himself.  At  this  ii^i>  he  foiimt  his  environ* 
nieiiN  too  .-trai^'hl,  ami  for  cau-es  that  -eeiiii'd  inlei|iiiito 
to   justify  11    he^ril'il,    he     left     his     hninc.       lie    uolkeil    his 

way  lioiieMtly  down  throii'.di  I'eiinHVJvania,  ami  in  tho 
Hpriii;:  of  n"il,  (I'o-^ed  intti  \'ir;:inia,  and  hlopped  al  a 
Miiall  place — Chiirlc-tow  n,  .lelTeixnii  Co,  lis  adopt  inn, 
then.  Morgan  \\m*  a  Virf^inian.  'I'hciv  weio  ^'iant.s  in 
Viri,'inia  in  llios,.  dayn. 

So  this  huv  of  .seventeen  shook  od'tiie  past,  and  looked 
the  World  fairly  in  thi'  face  on  his  own  account,  lie  was 
poorly  cipiippcd  as  to  external  hcljis.  He  coni,|  haridy 
read  and  write, — rude  of  speech  ami  iinvarnidied  in  maii- 
IK  r  ; — hilt  he  had  a  si  ion;;  arm  and  a  lira\e  heart  ;  he  was 
hom".!  and  .-eoriied  a  lie.  lie  olitained  employmeni  iiiiiiie< 
dialely  ;  liiri  lirst  task  heiiiHr  to  ;.'riih  a  piece  ol'  ;_'roiiml.  in 
a  primitive  riali'.  Poinu'  llii-'  well,  he  pre-eiilly  siiperiii- 
leiided  a  .siw-mill,  and  .-hurt I v  after,  ohiaiiied   the  nioiv 


y 


ii.\Ma;i.  Moiiu.\N— iiKno. 


» 


jtiil    hi* 
llt'l-,  fliili|< 

ill    VVlM'tlllT 

iiii'vUuiiiii, 
•i\t'i',  hIU'I'- 
!>»•)'  alMtiii 
ml  lie  mil 
lii-<  ralliiT, 
L'  llml  liiiii, 
t  ii'«i  ><<  ii!*!', 
Ilti'ir   llill.''t 

Xi'lll     I'lll'lll 

hiiu'wIk  IV  ; 
I'll  Hilciiri'. 
I  here,  mill 
'  a  iiiiiM. 

',    tln'll.   \M' 

if  lN'j:iii.s  lit 
iHciiviron- 
il  n<li'i|iiiilo 
k\<iiki'il  hi-i 
ml  ill  lli(> 
i>|)|)<'(|  at  a 
ii<lii|il  ii>n, 
!  ;;iaiits   ill 

and  lnokrd 
t.  Ill'  wan 
mill  liaivly 
I'll  in  man- 
irl  ;  III'  wiH 

llrMi  illlllH'- 
^.TiMllnl.  ill 
!v  .>^ll|)l'rill- 

I     till'    IllnlV 


liK'mtivo  iiii'l  I'l  .|i"iMilili'  |i"-i  t'l'  vvatroii.r.  Tin-  ntsmit^ 
„(  iwu  \<'ui<  inoii'  «t  liuiM'»*l  luil.  tmiilf  liiiii  uwiuriif  ii 
wuK.m  ii'iul  tiuni.  Tin-.'  two  x.ur-  lia.l  ttr-.n^rlit  a  niaikt'il 
iiii|.r..v.'m<'iil  III  M'trnaii.  'I'Ih'  \>»\  Ha«  il.'>»'|.»|.iiiy  a  iiiiitf* 
iiiliniii  |ili\^i'|iu'— <>v>i'  M^  f'l'l  ill  Ini^lii.  Inn'"  "f  "»•' 
|irM|.oiti«»n.  piinWK  of  ii-nii— ii  \imiii;:  lltii-iilf-'.  wiili  u  Uwv 

I'lill  of  rnink  iniilli;,"!!'''  :  wiili  all,  ii  U I  •t"f^i  »f  mnilu'r 

wil  uii<l  inarliral  oininoii  •••n-i'.  lir  liaii  I'ihiimI  liint, 
1 luiniiauM'  U\a  iiiiml,  ami  htnl  piinnl  llu- ••tnilitlnii-o 

iif  lii'<  ni'i;,'lilt"i'-'. 

Mm  .iii'riii'.'i\t'nl-t  wi'i'iMii  liiml.    'I'lu'  l''rriirli  liiitl  l"ii;{ 
louknl   Willi  ,iiiii«'ii«t  t'U'M  III  till' up»rmi^  \in\Uii  Knj.'li'<li 
ni'iil.iii.iii-  iliiil    liii.rilinilit'l  till'  Ali.-lianii-i  ami  «.rM 
pii-liinK  ni|.icll.v  inwiiril-i  llic  >alli>  ol'  ilu'  Ohio.     Kiincli 
mill  Kn;;li-li  l>l'""l  lia«l  alna.U  rrini'OiHil  il^  ):ivi'ii  .-|..|m'm. 
Krintli  m'lii"  IiikI  wivsinl  rn.iii  '.In'  Kn^'li-li  ili-'  I""  m  i'" 
lii'ail-wal.rsan.l  vnii-  ChImiu'I  Wa-liin^'Liii  lia<l  -iiir.ivil 
a  ilrriat  al  "  iiiva'l  Mi'a.l-.ws"     'I'll.'  Kii;:ii-li  ^'..N.riini.'iil. 
alariiinl  at   lIu'  MUri'-H  ..r  iIm'   Kiviu'li.  hiiI  a  M|.l.'n.li.ll>- 
(•i|iii|.|.i'il  army,    iintlt'i'  (i'n.ral    Hiii.i.lnrk.    lu    iviii-iati- 
Hiili-li  iiilii'f.^N  "n  till'  Ohio.      Ill'  aniviil  in  llf   I'"l<>- 
mar,  ,|i<,iiil.aiki'l  ami  man  hill  ti.lM.rlCiiMil.iiiaii'l.     H'TO 
till-  tall  fur  wa;;oii'  ami  ItaiiiH  wan  iii';tini.     M"r;.'aii  al 
tiiii'i-  r.>iM.mli'il.  ami  fMimm  iinil  his  niiiiiary  raiviT  u-i  a 
liani.-Ur.    Il  i'"n  ihi-  maivh  thai  wi'  mul  iln'  lii»l  tluiruc- 
liiislii'  iiiii'i'tlitti'  ol*  him  : 

"  A  iliUii'iiliy  ar«iM'  lu'twoon  tlio  niplain  of  n  Rmijiany 
c.r  Vir^riiiia  iriM.]..-!  (lo  wliiih  .M<ir;:an  was  alia.lu'il  as 
wa','..mT)Mml  a  |...v,i'rfiil  fi  How.  win.  had  I  he  ri'|.iilaliun  ut 
hi'ln^r  a  skillful  lui^'ili^t  and  a  -rival  ImiIIn.  Ii  ua<  a^nvi'd 
that  at  till'  lii'sl  iiall  the  maltrr  >hniild  It  -ittU'd  li\  ii 
li;.dil.  Wiii'ii  Uh' i"ni|.an>  liallid  fm' diiiiu'r.  llii' <'a|»laiil 
M^piu'd  (.III  II.  imci  hi-aiila-oni-l.  whin  .M..f,u'an  ac.'i.st.a 
him,  .si\in^':  '  Captain,  yi.ii  iiiii.-t  nut  li.'.dit  that  man.' 
"'Why'^m.t':'' 
•"  Hivatiso  yi.n  aiv  uiif  ra[ilain.  and  il'  thr  fallow  \\\\\\tA 


r/ 


m 


|t,\M».l.   MUllUAS— II 


VKii,  wp  4ial1  all  Im'  iliviriiiiMt.     Th'J  h'M  (I'^tit  !tlin,  ninl  If 

lit    MllijM  Mil',   it   «mII  lint   hllll    lllf  I'lVilJl  ilf  till'  IMlllpilIlN,' 

••Tilt' •ii|»laiii  i-iiiiuimii'aU'd,  but  itl  la;>l  )ii'lilt*l.  Mor* 
ffaii  lit  tiiuv  riiKii>:««l  'I"'  '"tl'.,  ^>li»>  »■««»•»  «'»'U'»I — •  li'iltl, 

.■Iiul|;^li:*"* 

Siith  tiflir,  folliiwtil  till'  Kliiimt'fiil  ili'ftat  ami  rt'lnnl  nf 
Hiiiililotk,  iMirtiU'tl  liy  III''  Kri'mli  ninl  liiiliiuiM.  Mo-i  of 
till'  li'irilii'il  li'Jtii-'li'i''*  Ml  till'  I'l'iii'  of  III!'  iiniiN.iHi  li'iit'iitii;( 
111  till'  ilisi'li  r,  "liM'iniiiiilu  II  il  ihiii'  tilling  mill  ili'iiNi' till 
III  llio  mtlliiiMiiii*.  Niil  MiMpiii.  — Ill'  with  a  frw  ullitin 
niiiaiiuil  til  lii'ihu  nlT  tlio  fitk  ninl  hihiimIi'I.  llf  iliMild- 
ItH.  witiii».*i'il  lilt  liiii'iiil  nf  MiiuUli.i'k  ill  lilt'  iiiikI.  Wii'ii- 
iii;{ii>ii  ri'!iiliii>r  till'  liiiriiil  ycrvicf  ami  afttrwarili*  ili'iviii(( 
oviT  till' j.'rii>t'.  as  tlitl  all  llif  uiii,'i»ii«.  In  |iri'>tiil  ilM  ili-f 
ni\i'r_v  liv  till'  ImliiHH.  lit  iv  Mtirirun  llr«l  mw  Uu-liin;;* 
li.ii.  will!  \M\*  rnmi  tlii'i  liiiii'  our  nf  hi-*  i  liii'f  ili«|iil'aliiiii,4 
In  all  ^iioiliii'^i'i  ami  iinlilrm'"". 

Tilt'  tITti  I  i.f  lilt'  tliftat  of  niiitl.lnck  was  I'l  lay  n|iiii 
lilt'  wlmli'  tt'i-rilli'il  I'miititr  m'I||i'Iiii'IiI.-<  nf  I't'iiii^y haiiiii 
ami  Vir;riiiia  to  the  viiipuiu'i'  of  tlu'  fnf.  Tlio  KoM'i'iior 
nf  \'ir>:inia  |iiniii|iilv  nii>til  a  ri'^iiiu'iit  ami  iipitniiiU'il 
\Va.>liiii;;i<iii  In  ill  cniiiiiiaiiil.  Mmpiii,  iim  li'aiiistor,  was 
allarlii'il  In  till'  iiiiarlciimi'tt'i'-  ili'|iartiiu'iit.  IIIh  duty 
wax  li>  ti'aiiM|ini't  j-iiiiiilii's  to  tin-  iiiililiiry  imils  iiii>ii;r  tl'O 
fi'niitii'.-.  Tliit*  cniHiaiitl)  i'\|tosoil  hint  lo  liiiir-liriuillU 
("tjiiK'H  tinm  till-  lurking'  fnc  ;  Imt  it  wnn  tlu'  sdionl  in 
wliii'li  !m*  \v>.t.<i  I  iiiiii;;  for  ''i'  iiifuililili'  iiiarkHiiiaii  lii* 
aflirw.*  li  'n'caini'.  ami  In  lliat  |nrftfl  kiin\vlitiir<'  "f 
liitliati  warl'iiiv  xo  iiiviiliinlili'  in  his  Milt,''fi|iii'iit  iiu'ctT. 
Ill  tin-  ^priiiK  of  \',y,,  at  Kni't  t'hinwi'll,  (u'cninil  an  t\c'iit 
wliii'h  It  I'l  imli'lililc  marks  ii|inn  limly  ami  iiiiml. 

••A  liiitish  lii'iiltnaiit.  taking;  ollVmi'  at  v.mciliinjj 
wliitli  Mni';.'aii  hail  said  or  tloiu'.  ahiiscd  him  in  vioU'iit 
terms,  and  iil  K'li^'lh  .struck  liitii  with  Iho  tial  of  hisssvord. 


(ini'iniii'M  Liji  of  Mi.iyiiii,  \i,  'JS. 


MANU'.I,   MuliUAN  — ll»:i(o. 


!*{)*).  nnit  If 

U'll.    M'»r« 
^.il— •  lii.M, 

I  ri'li't'iil  of 

I,       MuhI  of 

tn  li'iiniiM^ 

I  .lri»Ni'  ttlT 

frw  ullu'l'n 

III'  •I.Mlllt- 

iiii'l.  Wii'li- 

III     ilM    llJH- 
Y    Wil-lllll^- 

ii-^liiruiiiiii^ 
I'l  liiy  o|Mii 

'llll'«vlMllliil 

ii|i|ii)iiili'(l 
iiiisii'i',  was 
Hilt  duty 
■*  iiliHi;;  fill! 
iiir-hrciMllli 
I'  sclioiil  ill 
rkMllliiii    lie 

I'lit   larcfi'. 

1(1  111!  (.•vent 

il. 

!«<iiii(>tliin^ 
in  violent 

{ liin  .iwonl. 


Morjfiui'*  imloiiiiiitltle  •|iirii  imilil  imi  l»rtMik  Ihi*  ntilfRii* 
N\  itli  ..III  I.L.tt  »t  hi-  cleii.  Iii'tl  lUt,  III-  •tnU'lHil  IIh'  •tHI«p«* 
Mifcli'M  (III  tlie  KftMiinl.  All  •.iTeiiic  Ml  )(iii\i'  uKiiiU't 
iiiilldiiA  tiiw  .iitl..!.  ..f  ci.iir-'i'.  f'.r  •uiiiiiiiin  iiii.l  i  \eiii|.liiry 
|tiiiii''lMiniii.  A  ilriiiii-li.iul  oiiil  iiiariial  miiI.  n.'.'l  M'»i"« 
pin  lo  rvivlvi' llvi'  liiiinlretl  la-li.*.  IK- wii«  iiiiiiictlltiuly 
F.tri|'|ic.l  aii'l  li'.l  lip.  aii'l  r..'Ht'l  at  ..in  .'  llic  all"lli'(| 
ititiiilicr  (.r  lii'li. '.  niu'  one.  \Mit  ii  lln'  leii'il.l.' .iHirinil) 
wu*.  OUT,  llie  ll.'li  of  hi"  ImH  k  li»i»K  •It.wii  ill  III;:'.  Only 
i>iicli  iin  ii'oii  ('.•iioiiiiitioii  UM  liif*  t.iiilil  have  •iirxiM.I  an 
net  i.f  enielt.v  •"  iMiU'Ttliiian.  eV.ii  in  llif  hnli-li  ai'liiy 
of  llial  ila>.  'I'll.'  ..III.,  r  f.fiiii;.'.  »|."n  relle.lii.n.  ihut  li«» 
hiitl  Ih'iii  in  tli.'  vvp..ii;:.  iiinl  re;;fellin;f  the  eoni«e'|ilencei4 
w  hi.  h  lia.l  follow,  il.  nia.lf  .\lor«;an  a  piilili.'  apology.  Sli;{ht 
iiM  MuU  uloiM  im  Ml    wa»  for  -..  .I..  |i  an  iiijan,    Moi'^iiii 

iiccepttHl  il I  finiii  thai   inoin.  Ill  iliMliarp'.i  fr.tiii  liU 

iiiiiiil  all  re-.nlnieiil  (..wanN  the  aullior  ..f  IiIm  HiilTeriiip[M 
anil  tli^'^fnii'.'."  * 

Here  ei'ops  ..lit  thai  iiieredihh'  niauimiiimily  «hi<h  wm 
HO  lar;{e  an  eleineiil  in  .Moipin'H  eharael.T.  That  Hrili-'h 
whippin;;  waii.  however,  to  Im'  piii.l  '      »  vvilh  int.riwt. 

Suoii  aft.  r.  the  rreiieh  ami  liuliuiiH  raiiie  down  in  xiieli 
iiiiiiiherH  into  Vir^siniii  that  the  vvlioli'  pii'ri,«on  of  Fort 
Mdward.  within  twenty  tiiilei  ..f  Winehe-ter.  fell  vietinn 
to  their  I'liiy.  So  ^nal  wan  llie  ...n.-itciiiiition.  that  the 
niilitiii  wiiH  called  .ml.  Mi.rj'iin  pfoinplly  oheyed  the  cull, 
and  nianlied  to  l''i.rl  IMward,  II.  n-  he  iiiake-'  lii«  tiivl 
iipp.araiiee  as  a  c.ltlief.  Hi-,  rank  we  .lo  not  know,  lail 
il  iiiii-l  have  heeii  one  of,  ut  lea.-t,  leinporary  coniniainl. 
The  fort  wiw  attaeke.l  hy  a  foiini.lahle  Imdy  of  Kniuli 
ami  Imliun.-*.  The  a.^-aiilt  wm*  fiirioii.-i,  Init  the  iiL-ipinilion 
..f  M.ir^rair.'"  pifxemc  anil  example  n-ulled  in  the  icpiil.-e 
and  lli;,dit  of  tho  iisMiiliint".  It  is  said  that  he  kille.l  loiir 
?iuvage.<  in  iM  many  ininilteM.     M<»rpin's  voice,  iimler  the 


*  (hiihiim'n  Lift  -if  .)f„r^nn. 


•'<) 


liAXIF.I,   M(»U(;AN— IIKKO, 


t^timiiliis  (.f  I'll'  Imtlli'lii'ltl,  was  wurtli  a  ro^iiinont  o?  men. 
As  du' sa\.;-vs  tiiriud  ami  IUmI.  lie  slionti'il  al  llic  lici^'ht 
of  liis  |iu\>t'rrul  v.iicc.  "  J.i't  us  I'ollnw  tlic  red  tl-.'vils;" 
till'  <rarriM)ii  tn  a  iiiaii  juiiicd  in  lln'  piii'suil.  oNfi'tunk  and 
sl;!ii;,dilcrfd  ilif  llviii;;'  Inland  tkaivd  liic  viciiiily  nf  tliiir 
cnu'l  jiirsi'iu'L'.  llt'iv  .Moi'.lmh  iiiadf  liis  iiia'k.  'I'lu  ctxil- 
iicss  not  k'ss  than  the  dariii,ir,  llu'  jiidfiiiii'iif  not  K'S-  liiaii 
tlh'  counigr,  ahovo  all,  liis  iulUiL'iK'o  owr  those  he  cmn- 
iii;i'i(U'd.  wtTf  (ihscTved  and  ivported. 

lie  was  souii  al'tiT  eoiniiieiidi'd  to  (iovcriKir  Diinviddie 
I'or  a,  captain's  conimissioii.  But  the  roval  piveriior  was 
averse  to  iironiolious  — one  who  was  hut  yi'stcnlay  a 
tcaiiisler  I  * 

Tiie  leading;  men  o!"  his  section  continued,  however,  to 
nrue  his  advancement,  in  view  of  the  value  of  his  inlhieiice 
ill  raising  recruits.  There  was  little  dillieiilty  in  getting 
men  to  eiili.-t  under  Morgan.  At  last  Dinwidilie  ho  far 
yielded  us  to  grant  him  an  ensign's  coinniission.  He  look 
post  at  once  at  Fort  Edward. 

Not  long  after  occurred  that  tragic  and  deadly  encoim- 
tcr  with  a  parly  of  Indians,  where  the  unseen  God  of 
heroes  plucked  him  from  out  the  very  jaws  of  death. 


*  In  illustration  of  Oovcriior  I'fiinvidtlic's  avropnnro,  it  U  rclatod 
tliat  he  l.ad  much  (itTfiidcil  Wasliiitfrtoii  by  iiiakiii),'  Iht*  kinjr's 
olliccrs  always  outrank  tlic  American  otliccrs  of  tlie  same  graile. 
This  rcduccii  Washinf^ton  from  tlic  rank  of  colom;!  to  cajjlain.  For 
11  lime  Diiiwiddic  allowed  no  liijrIuT  rank  than  caiitain  for  any 
American  oilicer.  Washinjilon  indignantly  threw  up  liis  connnis- 
sion  and  accomimnied  »radd<K-k  as  volunteer  aid.  Some  time  after 
this,  Oovernor  Sharpe,  of  Maryland,  who  greatly  nei  ded  him,  jiro- 
jx.s.'d  to  Washii'.rton  to  return  to  tho  service,  with  the  title  of 
colonel  hut  the  a.'tual  authority  of  captain.  With  characteiislic 
ditrnity.  Washington  wrote,  "  If  you  lliii\k  me  c»iiuhle  of  holding  a 
commission  that  has  lu'ither  nuk  nor  emolument  annexed  to  it.  ytiu 
must  nuiintain  a  very  contemptildc  opinion  of  my  weakne.-^s,  and 
believe  me  more  empty  than  the  commissiou  itself."  lie  was  at 
tills  time  in  his  tweuty-tliird  year. 


liANIl'.L    MOIKIAN  — IIKIIO. 


!1 


it  <i?  nipii. 
I  hi'  lici-^lit 
I  tlvvils;" 
I'fliMik  and 
ily  III"  tlu  ir 
Tlu  cuol- 
.1  K'ss  lliaii 
■(>  he  cmii- 

Diiiuiddio 
voniur  was 
vslmhiy  a 

liowevt'i',  to 
is  iiilliH'iico 
in  ^/I'lting 
;(l(lit'  ho  far 
.     lit'  look 

Ily  oncoun- 

'(,'11    (J()(l    of 

ilcatli. 

',  it  U  related 
f,'   llm   kiiifr's 

Slime  grmle. 
cii|)tuiii.  Fur 
iiuiii  for  liny 
I  liiw  eoiiimis- 
iiie  time  after 
(led  him,  iiro- 
li  the  title  of 

cliaiacterislic 
I'  of  lioldiiifj  a 
•xed  to  it,  Villi 
(V(;akness,  and 
"     lie  was  at 


Oil  Ills  way  fi-niii  one  of  llic  frotiticr  T'tIs  willi  .Ic-pah  lies 
fill-  ilic  (•(immaiiiliiii.'  (dliccr  at  \Viii(lir-|er.  he  lia'l  icacheil 
a  rt'iiuirkal)U'  prcciiMC'c  callud  ilaii<.'iiij,'  l^"■l^■     1'   "as  a 
mi'inoralilc  itlacc  of  Indian  aiiilniscadc,  and  li:;d  lii(nlli(' 
sci'iic  of  liloody  I'ncoiinl  rs  iMdwci-ii  tlic  i'i\al  liilics  of  Ca- 
tawl)a  and  Ihiawarc  Indian-^.     A  parly  of  I'lvn-linim  and 
Indian-  had  concealed  tlieni-eives  anion;;  l he  rock- o\er- 
haii-in,!,'  I  lie  I'oad,  and  wailiii.LMinlil  Moriraiiand  hisoeoil 
eaine  immediately  helow,  li.ey  dischar,ired  their  rilles.  kill- 
ing' tho  escort  and  (lesperately  woiindin,!,'  Mor;/aii.     A  l>all 
onU'rin,!,'  at  tlie  hack  of  the  neck,  irrazed  tlie  iefi  side  of 
the  nei'k  hone;  it  passed  thrmigh  the  mouth   near  the 
socket  of  the  jaw-! one,  and  came  out  tliroiiiih  tho  K-ft 
check,  kiiockiii!.'  ont  all  the  teeth  on  the  left  side.     Mor- 
iran  supposed  himself  mortally  wounded  ;  he  was  Ijleedini,' 
profusely,   and   fell    himself   hecoiwin^'   helplessly   weak, 
lie  was  well  mounted,  however,  and  leanin,!,'  forwarl,  ho 
^n-asiK'd  the  neck  of  the  nohle  animal  and  ur^'ed  her  into 
motion.     Fortunately  for  her   rider,   she  took  the  road 
hack  to  I  ho  fort.     A  licet  Indian  runner  loUowod  him  for 
some  time,  expect  in;,;  every  moment  to  see  him  fall  from 
his  horse.     Morgan's  one  thoUiiht  was  to  get  beyond  tho 
reach  of  his  pursuers  and  so  save  his  hody  from  iimtila- 
tion.     With  his  last  strength  he  urged  on   tho   animal 
with  his  heels,  and  putting  forth  all  hor  speed,  she  horo 
him  beyond  the  reach  of  the  Indian,  never  slackening  her 
Kjieed  until  she  reached  the  fort.     Morgan  was  lifted  from 
his  horse  perfectly  iiisensilile.     lie  lay  for  months  lu'twcen 
life  and  death,  bin  care  and  judicious  treatment,  with  the 
iron  tibro  of  his  constitution,  brought  him  again  to  life 
and   strength.    Notwithstanding  the  innumerable  perils 
he  cncfMintered  in  his  long  military  career— and  his  idaee 
wa.s  cvermm-e  in  the  f(n-e-front  of  the  battle,  and  in  the 
hottest  of  the  light— this  was  the  only  wound  he  ever 
received. 

••The  late  Moigan  Neville  (a  grandstm  of  Morgan),  in 


i»\Nii:i.  M(ii;ii AS  —  iii:i!ti. 


4  i 


a  l.ii.<:rai)liiciil  skclcli  of  ilu'  ;.'i'iicriil.  says  :  '1  well  roniom- 
li(  T,  wlu'ii  a  liny,  hvarinj,'  iiciicral  .Mitr;.Mii  (lcs(  rilu'  in  his 
|M.\vcTi'iil  ami  -raiiliic  st\ic,  the  i'Xi«!v>si(iii  of  llic  Imliaii's 
liici'  as  hi'  ran  wiiii  o]""  nioiilli  ami  tuniahawk  in  liaiul, 
iiv  the  siilc  ol'  his  linrM'.  cvpccliiiu'  every  iiimiieiit  In  sen 
hisvietiiii  fall.  Ihil  wlini  the  paiitiii;,'  savajri' i'oimtl  tho 
linrse  was  fast  leavinjr  him  heliiml,  he  ihrew  his  Imiiahawk 
xvilliDUl  ellecl  ami  uhamhined  the  piuMiit  with  a  yell  of 
(li.-aiiiioinietl  rairi'-'"  * 

\\\\\  the  war  drew  to  its  eloc — a  war  loo  iiuieli  crowded 
out  of  otir  sight  and  sym|iathy  liy  the  hrilliaiit  associations 
of  our  stni.iiifle  for  inde|iendcncc-yet  a  scarcely  Icsn  im- 
portant one,  since  it  scciire(l  this  North  American  conti- 
nent to  thociustodvof  Anf.'lo-Sa.\on  I'rotcstunt  civilization. 


Morfian  had  done  hravo  service  and  was  lionio  iigain  ; 
hut  he  had  hroughl  with  him.  Ix'sides  military  jjlory,  dis- 
cipline, and  experience,  the  vices  (tf  the  camp.  Hero  Ijcfrin'^ 
a  period  of  wild-oat  sowiiij;.  Says  his  hiographcr,  "Ho 
wei,i,died  at  this  time  two  hnn(!"cd  pounds,  yet  withont 
an  ounce  of  .siipcrlhious  llesh."'  With  such  a  ei>nstitnti()n 
he  could  drink  deeply,  yet  was  never  soon  intoxicated. 
He  gamitled,  ami  always  played  a  wiiniing  game.  Ilis 
fame  as  an  athlete  went  far  ami  near,  and  noted  pugilist ti 
came  to  try  his  skill.  He  kept  the  field.  In  siiort,  we 
are  sketching  the  career  of  one  with  whose  name  failure 
kceji.s  no  company.  Morgan  was  a  imirvelluns  success  from 
beginning  to  end. 

It  was  but  a  l)ricf  episode  in  the  great  man's  life :  for 
God  sent  his  angel  to  him,  in  the  form  of  a  modest,  lov- 
ing, devout  Avoinan,  unschooled,  untrained,  the  daughter 
of  a  farmer  of  Morgan's  own  rank   in  life-- by  name, 


iji->fh>m'»  Life  of  Morgan. 


n.VNIKL   M0U(;AN  —  IIKKO. 


'-il] 


•11  ivniom- 
ril)r  in  his 
If  Ijiiliuii'rt 
;  ill  liMiid, 

('lit  In  si'C 
ruiind  tlii^ 
toiiialiinvk 
li  11  yill  of 

ll  (TOW  (lid 
.-fiOL'illtiollS 

■ly  less  iin- 
icjiii  ('(inti- 
ivilizatioii. 


nio  iifjain  ; 
<:lory,  dis- 
li'iv  l)t';:iiis 
ihcr,  "lie 
ct  without 
Kiistitution 
ntoxicatcd. 
^amo.  His 
■d  |iiigilists 
)  short,  we 
line  I'ailiiro 
iucess  from 

.'s  life ;  for 
lodest,  lov- 
e  daughter 
-by  name, 


Aliigail  r.ailey.  The  rii.-tic  Ixaiity  l.iid  her  maidenly  spell 
u|iun  the  strong  man  and  drew  liini  genJy  away  from  his 
evil  conrs 's.  "'riie  lighl  of  her  eye>  siiinic  into  his  lifr.'' 
and  lie  left  all.-  Iii«  livcrn  liooii  eoni|iaiiions,  llie  ligliliiit,' 
ring,  the  gaining-talile  and  the  wine-eiiii,  and  I'ollowi'd  her 
into  elean  paths. 

'riirougli  tlics"  years  of  wild  life,  lu'  had  yet  maintained 
his  haliils  of  tlirill  and  industry,  and  was  aide  to  f.>talili.di 
his  wife  ill  a  handsome  two-story  dwelling — for  those 
,l]ivs — on  a  valiialile  piece  of  land  alioul  ten  miles  ea-t  of 
Wiliehester.      He  ealled  it  ".Soldier's  Rest," 

He  was  soon  ealled  from  liis(|uiet  home  liy  the  nnthreak 
of  I'oiitiae's  War.  During  this  struggle  he  held  the  rank 
of  lieutenant,  and  lo.-t  nothing  of  his  military  reputation. 
The  war  was  a  short  one.  and,  returning  home.  Morgan 
had  nine  years  of  liajipy  life  in  the  pure  atinos]tliciv  <d"  a 
Christian  h(Ui-eliold.  fnevi'iitCiil  they  soem  in  such  a 
career  as  his.  yet  iiio>t  important — years  of  noisidess 
inlluences,  and  ipiiet  development  of  all  the  germs,  of 
virtue  and  nohlcness  in  his  deep,  hroad  nature.  Ahigail 
uml  two  soft-eyed  little  girls  wei\'  his  household  treasures. 
His  wife's  inllueiiee  was  most  marked  ;  helpful  alike  to 
his  moral  and  mental  growth.  Both  felt  keenly  their 
educational  deficiencies,  and  hotli  worked  earnestly  to 
supply  ihe  lack.  It  is  said  that  in  after  years,  Mrs.  ?\lor- 
gan  tilled  with  ease  and  dignity  the  high  social  position 
to  which  her  hiisliand  advanced  her. 

His  material  interests  during  this  period  were  by  no 
means  neglected.  His  farming  and  stock-raising  hrought 
him  rich  returns  ;  while  his  military  grants  for  services  in 
the  jircvious  wars  had  made  him  a  large  land-owner. 

In  ITM,  (lov.  Nelson  commissioned  him  captain  of  the 
militia  of  Frederick  county.  Two  years  after  we  tiiid  him 
again  in  military  service,  on  the  front iex,  in  Lord  Diin- 
more's  war.  At  its  successful  termination,  on  their  return 
home,  the  division  to  which  Morgan  was  attached  licard 


^1 


m 


I»ANli:i.   MOIKIAN  — iir.wo. 


t  II 


„r  tlio  ,^tavllin;,'i'vciilsiil  Ih-  iktiImuuI  llic  llnrnlciiinf? 

„,„,,.(  of  iM.lili.'  air,iir.-ll..'  iU>Auii  of  11,0  l'..rt  of  lln..n„. 

,1,,  n,muiMiiM.n.  ..f  a  .hiv  of  n.^tni-  an.l  \m^^vv,  and  tl.o 

,„,,.tii.lr  "f  iIh'  lii'>t  Nuti.mal  C.n-ivss  lor  «l.'l.l.emti(.n,  at 
I'liihulL'liiliia.  , 

In  •!  «k.tcli  ol'  .M(>r;,'ini'.s  iiiililary  canrr.  wntlni  h} 
l,i,„-.if.  (KTurs  ll.c  followm-:--'-l^l»'ii  In.n.ih},'  tla'Hu 
ll.iipr,,  we.  as  ail  arn.v  xiH..no;.s.  I'nniir.l  mirs.'lvos  ii.to  ii 
HuciHY,  l.l.-l^'i..^'  o.u-  vv..nl  ..f  iH.nor  to  m; .  oHut.  o 
us.ist/our  br.tluvn  of    Uostou  ill  ease  l.oslilities  Bhould 

I'oiniiK'iu'C'.''  .  ,.  ,•!.,. 

Evrntri  foll..w.(l  witli  Htarllins  rapi.lity.  Lcxnigtoii, 
April  lit,  ir.r.;  Brmls  Hill,  .Inm-  IT;  'hnw  10,  tl.o 
CoLtinontal  Con-irss,  and  on  the  14th  the  "l'i»""tnH.nt 
of  Goom-  WashiM-t.m  as  foiniiian.ler-in-clui't  ol  tlio 
twci.tv  tliousaixl  nu'n  to  be  raisod  for  Jhe  (l.-fciico  of 
AnRTicaM  lilKTlii's.  Coiisirss  also  callocl  into  Hervuy  ten 
coinnanics  of  rilUMUcn  from  IV'n.i.-vlvania.  Marylau.l  an.l 
Vir'niiia  Of  one  of  tlu-  two,  from  Vir«rinia,  Morpm  was 
hy  luianimous  vote  of  the  committee  of  Frederick  c-ounty, 

ciiosen  captain.  ,,.,•. 

lie  had  for  some  time  intellifrently  watcliod  the  points 
in  dispute  be'ween  Kngland  and  America  and  had  taken 
his  position.  He  saw  it  in  its  various  aspects;  but  most 
of  all  he  woi-hed  it  as  a  question  of  justice  an.  lunnan 
ri-dits;  whether  the  sham  manhood  of  the  (dd  world 
should  tread  <lown  the  real  manhood  of  the  new.  He 
embraced  the  cause  of  the  Revolution  with  all  the  intensity 

of  his  nature. 

His  commission  was  dated  June  ^ii,  Vi>.  in  less  than 
ivn  days,  he  left  Winchester  at  the  head  of  nmety-six 
hardv  mountain  yeomanry  who  had  promptly  answered  to 
lii<  call— ail  practi.H'd  marksmen  with  the  riile, 

Thev  marched  to  Boston  in  twenty-one  days,  a  distance 
of  six  huu.lrcd  miles,  without  the  loss  of  a  man,  and 
reported  to  the  commander-in-chief. 


^ 


\roiit('iiiii« 

if   Hoi-l'Ml, 

V,  innl  till) 
emtidii,  111 

vrilhii  liy 
liii;,'  tlK'St.' 
Ivi's  into  11 
1  (illicr.  to 
ies  islioiiltl 


Lc'xiiif^toii, 
w   10,  tho 

IpoilltllH'Ilt 

ii'f  of  tho 
(Icfonce  of 

StTvici'    tell 

rvlautl  mill 
kloipm  was 
■ick  coiiiity, 

tlic  points 

I  hail  taken 
i ;  hut  most 
anil  hnnian 

old  worlil 
0  nuw.  IIo 
ho  intensity 

In  less  than 

)t'  ninety-six 

answered  to 

c. 

s.  a  distanec 

II  man,  and 


4  T^ 


f# 


r    !|,. 


>( 


d^-^'^ 


^:v;r. 


n. 


HKNKDKT   AIIXoLI)     MOCK    WVMO. 

"T'tliv  iii.il  "Ji>«!ir(l  Hii-  lli.v  Inraiiiv, 
Tliy '' liiH.l  .liij-,  friyhii'iil,  i!c  |Hi'iiii'.  wild  iiinl  fill  lipiH, 
Til)  iiiiiiii' I'l' inniiliiiiiil.  cl;ii'lii:r,  IihI(1  tiiiil  U'iitiinii|i>, 
'  Tliy  iiui.' niiillniii'il,  iiniiiil, -iiliil.  . -ly  aiiil  hliiDilj. 

bllUUli'  Mivts  lliy  hlr  uiiii  (Idlli  lliy  iloulll  alkiid  " 

IfllllAIUi  III. 

BKI'ORK  proccvdiiif,'  fiiHln  r  in  Morfriin's  citn'cr.  wo 
must,  look  aricr  our  mock-In  ru,  Hi'iu'ilict,  Arnold; 
for  llu'sc  two  Ivfr'm  now  to  Iicmt  ckIi  oIIht  comiiaiiv,  and 
so  (diiiiiuic  with  Iiricf  iiitiTViils,  iiiilil  al'icr  llic  sunvuiliT 
of  Miir^'oviic,  inid-wjiy  of  tlic  w;ir. 

Wo  shall  liiiil  sliai'i*  contra-ts  from  tlio  vcrv  ont>i'f.  V/o 
liiivc  said  (d"  .Moriraii  that  he  was  u  mar\i'llona  siiccoss  ; 
we  liiivc  to  say  of  Armdd  that  lit'  was  an  nnmiti^'ated 
failure  from  lirsl  to  last.  N'ictory  lied  from  him — honor 
AMnild  none  of  him  :  the  way  of  the  traiiSLrrrssor  was  hard. 

The  child  was  father  (o  the  man.  Horn  at  .Norwich, 
Coniioeticiit,  1T-1(»,  of  lliif  old  colonial  stock,  which  hud 
deteriorated  on  the  paternal  side.  lie  had  an  excellent 
niollier.  One  of  his  favorite  hoyish  amust.'meiita  was, 
(he  roliliini;-  of  liirds'  nests  and  manudinj?  the  youiif,'  in 
si;,dit  of  the  old  hirds.  tiial  he  miuht  lie  entertained 
hy  their  piteous  cries.  J  lis  lainily  was  in  such  cir- 
cumstances that  ho  enjoyed  very  fair  opiiortunitios  of 
education,  one  of  his  tutors  boin;,'  Dr.  dcwett.  a  ti'ueh- 
er  of  celrhrity;  hut  he  showed  no  fitiidness  fur  .-tiid.v, 
and   wjw  therciore  apprenticed   t<»  Iho  brothers  Lathroj), 


=1 

II; 


lift 


IlKSKlHi  T    AIINOI.h  '  MOIK-Illltn. 


(Irii^;;ist.^,    ul    Nmuii  li     imn  of  \,raltU,  CUuTgy  uiiil    iii- 
ti'irrily. 

'riicv  Wife  ivliitivis  III"  AriiiildN  iiiotJuT,  mill  di-pn^il 
fi>  ikImiiici'  till'  liuv's  intiTi-l^ — llu'  iimrf  iKruiiff  lii?* 
rullirr  liuil  .'iiiik  iiilii  iiilriii|iiniii(f,  jiiixrly  aiitl  uliiriiritv. 
Km  IiIm  |mtr<iii'<  Himii  I'uiiinl  tlii>y  liiul  t-iki'ii  ii  ImkI  .<iilij<rt. 
Ill' wii-t  iiii;.'ralrfiil.  ilraf  In  I'litn atv  or  ailxirc,  iiniialiciil 
(tf  rt'^lraiiit,  williuni  iialiiial  alVrrlimi  urcnii''  iciiri',  iittrily 
iiulilTi'i't'iit  tn  ^'iiiiil  or  ill  ti'|Mii'l,  aiiil  |)iis;i('!tKiii^  an  irtiiatu 
ami  iiivctcrato  Invi'  ol'  n-ml  mixhivf  and  irntitim  (Imlnir- 
liiiu — nil  tlii.i  wise  : 

"  Near  tlu-  ilnijjr  sliop  wuh  ii  Holiool-iioiiw.  ami  lie  wimlil 
M'attcriii  the  path  lnukrii  pii'Ci'H  ol"  ;.'lasH,  laki'ii  frnin  (lie 
cralr-'.  1)V  wliicli  tlic  cliililri'ii  wmilil  citl  llirir  IVi'l  in  ii<nuii 
liMiiid  i'lniii  srliniil.  Cnnkid  and  inipirrcct  pliials  wi  re 
poniiiiMitcsof  (licappi'i'iiticcH  ;  Hnainial)lt'  fellow  appivnt ice 

wa^  ill  llic  lialiit  i>r  plariiijj;  his  sliai ii  lln'  oiit-idi'  of  tlio 

dooi  and  U'ltin;.'  Ilu-Miiall  Imys  take  tlicin  away.  Arn<dd  did 
the  sumo,  hut  when  ho  hud  thusdccoyt'd  \\yj  '.(oyn,  and  they 
Avori'  linsy  pickiiifr  tlicni  up,  In- would  i-i^li  ont,  horsewhip 
in  hand,  cull  them  tliie\es,  and  heat  iliein  without  nii'rry. 

"llu  was  liki'wiHO  fond   of  t,  <•"  daring.  alwnvH 

forcnioHt   in  (hiii^rer  and  ha  fcarlt  vvas  wickedly 

mischievous.     Soinctiincs  he  took  <•(  j  'fist  mill,  and 

while  waitiii},'  for  the  meal,  he  wonii  .     iniself  ami 

a.stonisli  his  idaymateH,  hy  cliiii.'in;,'  to  .in  amis  of  a  lar;;e 
water-wheel  and  passing  with  it  iKiieath  and  altove  the 
water."'* 

No  marvel  that  such  a  character  should  have  desitised 
the  monotony  of  the  drnu:  shop,  and  at  sixteen  enlisted  in 
the  Hriti-li  army  witiiout  the  knowledge  of  his  friends. 
The  grief  of  hid  mother  induced  her  ])astor  Dr.  Lord  and 
others  to  interfere,  and  elTect  his  release. 

lie  ran  awav  a  second  time,  re-enlisted  ami   wa-<    -t:!- 


"  For  this  nnd  niorf,  »  'v  '•S/iarkii'  Lifi-  ff  Arni'M" 


lerpy  aiul  iii- 

aml  ili-|in.(il 
■  iK'cniiff  hi,-* 
iiiitl  ulisniritv. 
a  l>iul  Hiilijt'ct. 
ice,  iiii|iali(iit 

ii'iiti',  iitti  ily 
4111^'  an  iiinah' 

fllllott  (llHtlKC- 

and  lie  uoiilil 

iikiii  from  llic 

r  IVi'l  ill  niiluii 

ct  iiliialf*  were 

low  appi'cnticu 

onlsiilc  of  llio 

ty.   Arnold  (lid 

'.)OVH,  and  tlicv 

ont,  lior^t'wliip 

itiiout  nii'i'cy. 

daring,  ahvuys 

tvas  wiclu'dly 

'ri?>t  mill,  and 

iinscif  and 

iim^t  of  a  large 

and  aliovo  llie 

liavp  dcsiiisi'd 
ccn  cnlistfd  in 
of  his  friends. 
r  Dr.  Lord  and 

and    was    .'t:i- 

AriinM" 


lll'.SKDHT   Alt.NOl.D— MtM'K    llllitt. 


•r 


iiui„d  ill  Tif.>ndii»»i.'i«.  I'll*  pirri-oii  duly  wiw  tuiin— it 
iiiNulvtd  r.»lraint.  diMi|ilin.',  and  olMdi.hiv,  and  u«  tlnrf 
\vii.*  nrillnr  pn-iii  nor  ad\.  nliuv  to  nil-. ;  ili.  .,■,  Iir  divMrud 
mil  nhirn.'.l  lo  Noruirh.  N\  h.  n  a  Uriu  li  utli.ir  .-oou 
1,11,  r  pasMdiliroii^ili  tlir  town  in  Martlmr  d»-»  rlti*.'*.  young 
VrnoM  wa-"  f.tMVtr.|  \>\  lii.s  friend,-*  in  a  <<llar.  During 
il,  ■  lime  of  III-  re-ideiMv  in  Mr.  Lallirop'.->  family,  lie-ii\o 
inliiiiie  iniiil'le.  lliippil.N  lor  lier.  liiMiioili'r.  lionu-iloHii 
will! '/lief  ami  aii\iel\  and  nielanelioly  f.iivluMling- of  llio 
fuliireuf  till-  waswaid  loy.  sunk  l,rok,ii.lit arud  intoiln.' 

I'lMVe  liefiire   lie   K  Hilled    lli^  llianliond. 

Al  lilt'  <iid  of  lii-  appl•elltl(•^•^llip.  till-  l.allirop.^  kindly 
a--islid  liim  loctimmenec  the  drug  liii«im  .<-  in  New  ILiMn. 
lie  ^llo^Vl•d  energy  liiit  no  jiidgmeni,  and  seon  <  inl>aiked 
in  shipping  lo  the  West  Indie-',  in  addition  lo  hi"  regular 
husinc's.-i.  Ili-  made  coveral  \oyages  ihilher.  and  fought 
one  or  two  dm  Is.  His  lurliiilenl,  imperious  nuinni'rs,  and 
his  want  of  nmral  prineipK',  continually  invulved  Itini  ill 
(.inleiilion  and  tlillieiilly.  and  his  spi'rulalion.s  linallv 
"ended  in  li;'nknii»lcy.  under  eircuni-taiicc's  that  left  ii 
Htain  u|Hm  his  lame-ty  and  goo'l  failli." 

We  do  not  gather  grapes  of  .horns  n.»r  figs  of  thistle- — 
and  the  developmenl  of  Arnold^  siili-eipii'iil  villainy, 
soi'ins  eminently  logical,  consecutive  ami  kgitimalc. 

lie  i.H  an  uncanny  suhject  to  dissi-d  ;  one  can  find 
nothing  hut  foulness  and  dcformiiy.  Ili<  c,.nihiili\eness 
and dc'strucli\eness  were  inordinate  ;  his  ilomiminl  pa.-sion 
was  (inirin:  which  deveh'peil  with  tri;;hiriil  rapidil>,  Tho 
|i;\e  of  ma-tcry  was  strong;  his  will  was  a  cychnie  ;  a 
scheming  visionary  withal,  and  utterly  without  delicacy  or 
senlimeiit.  No  just ilical ion.  apology  or  cMeiiiial ion  seem 
pos.ihle.  Kxplanalion.  perhaps,  in  the  fact  that  he  was 
horn  almo.-t  or  altogeiln  r  without  moral  sense.  The  word 
idiot  exjircsscs  one  horn  without  intellect,  hut  it  remains 
for  our  lexicographers  to  supply  us  a  word  for  one  lnun 
without  moral  sense. 


V 


lit 


«§ 


ii(:xi;i)i<T  AHNoi.ii~'MorK  iu:uo. 


Ilhtll    llll'    (  ll'UM'lll-"— Hllll     tlH'     I'llIX    lllltl     lllilill"     lllil! 

\v«iil  !•*  iii.ikf  ii|)  lit  iK'lifi  Aiiioltl— wj'  loiiM  litivf  ii<» 
oIIh r  tltiiii  llll'  iiiiMi'iiMf  iiiiiitHiii'  ilif  ttttiltl  ;:'.i.  'I'Iihii;;!! 
uc  mil  In  iiu  iiM  (H'  It  |>iv  tlir  l.iatliiiiu'.  «<•  lii"l  •uir-i'lvi'^ 
ri.ilii.j.liii  I'lilhT  I.,  liiiifor  •r..ni :  himiin  .l.|  r.i\ity.  |«i-«- 
la;:  II  i-i'i'liiiii  |M»tMj,  tfXriti'*  |»ll>  r.illnr  llii'i  .iii\  "ili'l* 
fifliii;;.  A  v'i'i'i  iiiy«lin  i'  litiv  v\i;i|.|M.|  ii|..  Wi't.iii- 
IHil   lii-iiik  llll'  Miil«;  "\i>mI<  i>i  \\\n\\\,"  "III;:!!!;;  WAWi 

fitiiiiiiii;.'  Hill  iluirnwii  ^liiiiiu'.'*  ••  wniMltriii;.' Kliir^"  I I 

from  ili.ir  urldH  "ii»ulit>iii  is  i'itimcI  iln'  l(l;i' Kim-h  <>I 

tl.irkllr-s,'' 

Oil!    Ill'   Mi.li  \..|   .:iiii'    (nVii*   it    i-l   fltiifWi'  can    pt    li'» 

p'ii('j'iiUlii|i.  Aiipil'l  u;ci  II  iiiiliiiin  liliiinl*  ri'i'.  iu'lliiii;,' 
iiiiii'i'.  'rill'  uiir  tniiihl  hull  II  niiiiiil  tiMt-rlriiil.  iiikI  ih 
iiiiiiliirv  lil'i'  <i|i('iii'i|  lirl'uif  liini  a  |irn.|Mi'i  nf  :iil\(iiim-r. 
llif*lill('lin||  lllltl  innrn.  lit'  cilL-'iTly  rllh  I'll  ll|i"ii  it.  II'' 
wiH  fiiiiliiiii  III'  a  Ni  w  lliiM'ii  toiii|»i!iy  uln'ii  IIh'  ii' u  •  "I' 
till' iiiii'.'atri' i.f  L.'\iii;.'inii  niM'lii'l  ihc  lowti.  lit' ii--i  in- 
Mill  lii^  (•(•iii|iaiiv.  Iiiii'iiiiiriii'il  lii"t  t<i\vii..'iii('ii.  nnil  prnposi'il 
tit  li'uil  iiiiv  imiiil'rr  I'f  vi'liiiiti'iTS  » III*  wmilil  '.<»  u  ith  liiin, 
ti»  Hii-liiii. 

Si\l  V  ii'-i'liililnl  till'  liiAt  il;iy  ;  llll',  li;iil  li"  iiliiliiiliiit  i'lli. 
Ariiolil  ii|i|ili('il  III  llll'  M'liMiiiHii,  llll!  iliry  nlii-i'.!  to  iiir- 
iiisli  it  witlioiil  liiLrliir  iiulliniiiy,  Aiiinlil  I'nl  w  -il  tliiil 
ir  llu'  kcy^ol'ilii'  iiiii;:a/.iin'  wnv  imi  I'l'iilu'Diiiiiii;,  lu'  voiilil 
Ijri'ak  it  «»iK'n.    'i'lii'  mlic tiiicii  yii-lili'd. 


1. 


li' 


TllC  Jir.iji'rt  of  !l  Hllililii  (li'SiTIlt  n|inll  '!'irolli|i'l'i«V'it  liii'l 
ali'ciidy  lici'ii  i|iiirtly  iiiaiiirnl  at  IlarM'i'nI.  aii'l  a  imriy 
of  ('uiiiifrticiil  mill  lia'l  piin'  f'i''uaril  to  j"ii.  MiliiPi 
Alli'ii  ami  Ills  (ii'iMii  Moiiiilaiii  imy-.  Ani"!.!  hail  ;;oi 
,-iiiiU'  hint  of  .this,  lull  ill'  Imiu'il  yit  to  oiil-irip  tluiii.  for 
iimiicdialcly  on  rracliiii;,'  ('ainhriil^i'  lif  n'lircsi'iilril  to  ihr 
*•  Mas.'acliiiM'tl'   Commilli'i'  if  Safitv."   in    tln'   livilii'st 


Ill  M  1)1'   I     AU%H|,|»       \|n>  h     III  Ittt. 


«> 


iiiiii)i<i   that 
ilM   |iiiM>   no 

>l.       'ril<ili;;|| 

iiil  iiiir-k'lvi'>( 

.|M\il_V.  |Hf.'» 
II    illlV    uliliT 

l».  \\l'  <llll- 
111;; hi;;  wii^t'i 

•lllf'^  "    llMP.Cll 

lil;lrkt|i-rt    m|' 

'  can  p't  III) 
rt't',  lintliili;( 
riiil,  iiimI  uh 
T  :iil\tiilmv, 
i|ii)ii  il.  Ill' 
the  111  w  '  of 
.  lie  iivMiii- 
i;iil  iiroiioftt'il 
pi  witli  liiiiii 

iiiiiiMiniitioii, 
■I'li-ii'-l  to  iiir- 
•  i,t  w  il  I  lull 
iiig,  III'  voiiM 


iniili'Topi  liiiil 
iiii'l  a  |nirty 
I  jmIi,  KiIiiPi 
im1,|  jiaij  p>i 
lip  tlit'iii,  fur 

'Sl'lltcil    t'l    till' 
llir     livi'lii'sl 


ri»|t>ri<,  i!n'  pnit'tltiiUllily  ii»i«l  rt'lviuitrip'"  iif  "in-h  m  <  i»t>  r« 
pt'iM',    Thuy  III  ulicv  I'tMiiiniioiiMit'it  him  ioIoimI  Iti  ilu> 

.M.i"iiil»ii«tH-  ■■••i'\  Iff,  fiiiiii-lii 'I  liliM  oiif  |iiiii<li'i  •!  |.Mtii  i|,4 
ill  I'li'li.  Willi  tmili"iii\  In  .li'iiw  rniiliff  -iitii-  for  nil 
iici'iMiiry  j-iii'itlit  I*  iiimI    |>it>vl»i»i»i«   for  n  |.oi|\   of  iiooji- 

Ilo!     lo    fXiiiil     folll'    llllllilffil.       'I'lir-i      III'    \\a«     lU    llill«t 

ill  ilif  wi'>l«rii  |iiiii  of  ilif  Mali'  tiinl  |ironiil  Ut  Tituli* 

lltl'o;,M. 

Arnold  lia-linr'l  !'•  ilif  wc-tmi  ri'otilii'i*.  iiiul  tli'rf 
luanl  lli.it  llif  olliir  ill  t.ii  liliMiil  lin'l  niirlutl  Likf  (  liaiii- 
|i|iiiii.  Mf  Irfi  hi.  |iiirlv.  mill  \ntli  only  oiu-  iiiliii'liul, 
|iii-lu'il  oil  .iinl  ovti'took  iliriii  iHiiily-lhf  iiiilf*  from 
'riiuiiilrroj.':i.  Ill'  atiiioiinifil  liini-tlf.  hliounl  lii-i  coni- 
nii-ioii,  ami  claiiiinl  tin-  ti>iiiiiiaiiil  of  ilif  (A|M.|iiioii. 
Tlii"!  iiHoliiit  iii-'iii'iiiiri"  of  a  >li'aiip'r.  a-'Miniin;,'  lo  .nt 

iimlir    iiiiilioriu     wisii'li    lln)     iliil     iioi     n uiii/.f,    Wim 

|p|i>iii|il\  n-iiiii'ii.  f-iH'iiallv  lis  I  lir  \  iininiii  lio\..  who 
Wfiv  wiiritil\  atiaihiil  to  Alkii;  lIu'V  ivfii^nl  In  iiianh  a 
hlcp  iiflir  the  intriiihr. 

Sii'iii;.'  Ill'  (oiilil  not  furry  ttiP  point.  AriioM  |iropo..iil 
to  acroiniMiny  tlifiii  if  a  volimii  rr.  Iiohliii;.'  hi'*  rank 
in  uln-yaiur.     'I'lu'  iiH^aiilt   inmii   lli>'  fin  wa-*  mu'ci'^Mfnl, 

ami  Arnold  /,/v/v/,y/  it/iaii  viihr'nnj  Ihf  ij<ilv  nl  .\lliii\  hft 
liiiniL  Fairly  in  tlu'  fort,  tlii:^  nuddrni;-'.  iiia>lirfiil  >iiirit 
jipiiii  ii."'."'i'rtcd  liis  ri;:lit  to  tin- coinniand  of  ihc  |h.m  ai:d 
all  till'  truopi;  hut  x\*  they  wiTi-  coiiiniiH^ioiu  d  and  paid 
hv  Coniii'iticiit.  they  ^loiilly  witli-tond  him. 

Arnold  was  a^ain  rorci'd  to  :-iil>niil.  niidir  pioic.l.  liow- 
i'\rr.  and  h"  imini'diatcly  .-i-iii  a  li't  of  irrievamrs  to  iln- 
Ma--^iicliiis"ii-<  Coiiiniilli'i'.  Mrantimc.  Irllrrs  had  hn  n 
si'iit  hark  holh  to  ('oiiiu'cliriil  and  Ma-afhn-fll' I'oiici'rn- 
in,;,'  hi^  iiisolciil  coiidiii't.  whiri'iipnii  liic  h',i.'idatiiri'  ;ip- 
pointi'd  a  coniniitli'i'  to  repair  to  hake  ( ■|iaiiiplaiii  to 
invi'^tipiti'  till'  "  >|iirit.  caiiacity.  and  coiidiiit  ""  of  Arnold, 
and  if  they  tliou;,dit  it  advisalili',  to  ordiT  lii>  imim  dialc 
ret  urn    to    Ma.-isai'lnHett.s    to    r.iuhr  an  afcount    of    the 


10  H»;Ml,|.Mr    VUHiH.I»'-MiKK   IIKHft 

nM»iHV,  iiimiiHiiiliMii  iiimI  itii»rii»  l»«'  lm«i  h-Hlvs-K  dimI  «I««' 

iMtl-'lw  liwl  inlllriM'tiil   ill  iIh-  IIIIIIUM.r  (lurul.tiiv.     II" 

«,ii  iil-»  »'►  rtrnuiiiM'  H'l'  MiiMrlHi-  tiuilinriiy  .if  ilu-  -ni.rr 

fliMII   rnlll tillll. 

•ill.,  t'omiiiiii...  r.mii.l  him  m  <'i'"tti»  i'"'"'-  "'"'  '•'"' 
llHiriiiMnirliniMlHruiv  hiin.  Aninl.l  wa.«  iini-.'i'l :  "H' 
Hiii.l  lliiii  nil  ••nliT  i.>  iii'|iiii<-  iiiu»  In-  •umlii'  I  wluii  ii'» 
.'liury..  IiikI  I.,  til  .Nliil'iir.l  ii;rum'i  liim.  wtiMiii|.ivtH'.li.|iir.l; 
lliiit  till'  (i-iilii|.iioii  IM  jii'l>Z«"f  lit"  ni|Hi.  iiy  uii.l  M'li"' 
wii-  nil  iii'li'-'iiiiv:  ilul  tl'i*  I'"'"'  ""J^'"  •"  ''"^"  '"■'" 
.|...i,|...|   Lrfoiv   t'lirv    l|..n.,|v.l    hiMi    Willi    llirir  .■uMll.lfllCf. 

II..  .li.liiri.l  llm>  Ik'  IiimI  iilrni.l.v  pui-l  ""i  "^  '"^  "«'» 
imk'ImI   r-i'  III''  I'lil'li'-  '"■^''■''  "'""'  '''•'"  '""'  '"""''■'.'" 

iHitili.l*.  illi-l  n.iilrurhMl  .I.I.H  nil  hi.  )..  i->iul  nv.lit  III 
„nniiili;r  iHT.-aiir.  for  ih.'  iiniiv.  «hMh  h.'ttu.  Im.iiimI 
t.i  luv  or  hiivit  till'  |HMt  with  ili-hoiM.r.  m..l  lliiallv  ih.ii  ho 
w..iil."l  not  'iil.iiiil  |..tlir.lr..'ra.li.iiuiinf  Ihiii;.'mi|iim>.M.'.1 
|,y  u  jiiiiiHr  ..nir.r.      II.'    r..l|..«..l    tliir.   ii|.  hy   ii  r-Miiiiil 

ri'»*i;fiiiili"ii."*  ...Ill 

It,. I,  i.fi.i'wiir.t  r.liirli.«l  to  Ciiml.ii.l^'.'  t..  I.mI-.'  Iih 

('..ini'laiiil-  ..r  ill-ii-a;.'.'  a-ain-l  ih.'  i.-i-lalnn'.  ainl  al-.  I- 
pn'^.Mi  hi-  a.'c.Miiit..  for  H.'iihm.'iit.  •'  Mi-  iM'.'oiinfM  wtTf 
llnully  all'.w.'.l  uimI  M'llh''l.  iillli«'ii-h  wilh  a  nlu.  laii.v 
whii'l'i  iiulifat.'l  ih.iiltt  ami  MW|iifinii.*' 

Sm  imi.  h  f..r  An.ni.l'-  pml  in  the  caiitiin'  of  Ti.'oii- 
.hT..;ra.  int..  uhifli  h.'  Iia.l  m.  nnliaml-..in.ly  thiiixt  l.iin- 
K.'ir.''aml  to  wlii.h  he  ...ntrihnl.'.l  \v>  iifci'-^urv  or  .-s-'i'ii. 
titil  part;  \<l  Iw  inana,u'.'.l  s..  t-.  nv^ocial.'  hiiii-'i'lf  with 
it.  lu'foi'i'  till'  i.nl.lir.  tlial  lu'  iiii.lnly -luiiv.l  ihc  pristiKo 
(.r  111.'  .iitfriiiiM',  whil.'  the  wn-l''  nn'l  '"'-^  '""'  '"  f''^''' 
in;:  whi.h  h.'  ha.l  omisiDmil  wi'iw  iifvor  wciglii'l  against 

iiiiii.  ....  4     11 

Uiit    his   ini-ciru'vons  (Icvico^  at    iliin    tim.'  .'Ston.lcd 

fartlK  r.     Wliik'  on  tlu"  I.ak.'<.  he  wrote  to  C'un«iv.s  thai 


8" 
ft 


«  Siiiirlt'  l.ij'<  <if  Arnohl. 


iit;Ni;i*icr  AiiN*>i.i»- «"'  k  iiiit»». 


rnl,  iitttl  the 

l'o|llll\,        III* 

if  tl iHiir 

III,  iiimI  IimI 

III  I  wlii'ii  no 
(m't'iMlt'iili'iU 

V  iiikI  "I'lril, 
II  IlllM'  lu'i'ii 
r  cDiillili'iiri*. 

(if   lii">  itwii 

Hill'    llllllillrtl 

Hilt  rn<lit    ill 

|t>  \Vll>    IhiIIHiI 

iiiiills  lli.il  ho 
\'^  f<ll|ii'l>ri|nl 

liy  tl  fiii'iiial 

•  til  loilp'  Ins 
■(•,  mill  iili*'>  t»» 
iu-n»init*  wvvvi 

ii  nliii  taiiiv 

lire  <if  'riiiiii- 

V  tlirimt  liini- 
•«iiry  iir  I's-i'ii- 

liiiii.'ilf  with 
l  llu'  |>ri;<li;:o 
■i  iiinl  ill  fi'tl- 
i'ij,'lii'i|  iii,'aiii<t 

Iiiu'  cxtcnilt'cl 


lio  liifl  xcnl  iiiiim«'nl  loMmitiuili'MnM  li^iiitiihi'  Hrtti«h 
fiirn-  iImti',  i-ii«l  •li'i">»r  tin-  t.(ii|Hr  ..r  ili»-  t  iiiia.iiiiii« 
•ow.ir.l.  Am.  ii.it.    Ill'  wr»l.'  In  l»i»fli  UaiUvt,  mt«uUw 

ihiit  III.-  wii.'i.  ..r  r.iii.i.iii  •■..iii.i  Ih-  «'»»*'■"  «"<•  '«"  «•""" 

Mtfl  hi.ii.  lai.l  lH'f..r.'  th.iu  |.Iuim  f»v  tin-  .atii)..iti:n.  ..iT.f. 
Um  \n  Jiii.l  III.'  .•\|M'.liii..ii  iiii'l  Ih'  ivim.iimI.I"  rur  llH» 
nmilln.  II''  u-Muna  t'.MiKn'"-  iluH  •»>«  t'lmu.huti*  lia.l 
|.r..iiii^.a  t..  ..i"ii  «li.'  «at.'<  ii|»'»ti  fh.-  ii|.|..'aiaiu.'  ..f  an 
Aiii.ri.'aii  arniN.  ami  ilial  «;.  ii.'ial  t'arl.t..ii  lia.l  11..I  m.>rt< 
that!  tlvf  litiii'.lrt.l  «lT.."iiv«'  mvu,  who  wi-ru  i..tiUi'r«'a  ut 

VllliiiU*  |l<»illt«.  ...» 

'I'lii-c  ft|.iv..iitaii..ii!t  wiro  h.\  If.  tin'HH'*  with.Mit  rlU'rl, 
iIhmiv'Ii  ('..iiuivM  wiiH  mi  yi'l  |»rv|mr.'.l  1..  a.f,  Tlii-ri' 
u.f..  .Imilill.'MM  wi'i;ihiy  ivu-..im  aii.l  ..lli.r  ii.h.'.al.^  for 
till'  iilti'iii|.t.  i-|Mriall\  aiii.iiij.'  ill''  imiiilntf.  ri'i'lil  lllf  .V'W 
Kii;ilaiiil  Siiili'-.  U-'llial  a«  il  iiiiiy.  vvvtvi  it  niltu'  lliuli 
III  III'  It  Sicilian  I'XiM'.litii.ii,  wiili  A111..I.I  U>v  it"  Al.iliia.li-.. 

Tnv.  iiiMtilli-  lal.r.  Ill  Aiipn.i.  I  r.-'i.  ('..ii;.mv-,- ..nl'iv.l 
llii>  atlacU.  a-«'i;jMiiiU  ••"'  <"i"ii'"i"l-  h..tt.\.f.  I"  Sf'-iNlcr. 
II,.  Mii.ii  f.llili;  iii'.'l  lil^'lN  ""''  »li-pi«t.  \.\\\nu  iu 
Niirtli.fit  N.'W  Y..ik.  I..'  kii.w  -..iii.ihiiiy  -r  iIh'  p.'nU  ati.l 

i,„,,ni.ii.'al.iliti.'^  of  Hii.h  an  .•ntcrpiv.'.     !»' i"fl   -".vs 

••'I'll.' |.aihaif<MH  thf  Allatitic  iiimI  up  llu-  St.  biwri-mo 
WiiH  m.MV  ni-ilv  tfav.'t'Hi'.!  than  Hi"  r..ii.l  '..v  laii.l  rioiii  tli.< 
,.,,lo!ii.'^  to  (^i.l..'.-/'  Th.'  ii.'l.l.'  Monlp-iitirv  Mi.n'.'.l.'.l 
Sli.isl.T.  ni.lv  t..  I...  Kifrill.c.l.  Th.y  w.-n-  to  prom-.l  l.y 
the  haU.'^.  to'captuiv  all  int.  rMuinji  foil..  Mnntiral  ati.l 

(•UrIiCI'.  .11 

llavinu'  I'ailf'l  •"  "'"  t'on;,'ivs.  In  his  H.lii'm.-s  Afiiol.l, 
now  i.U.Mit  Cainhri.lps  Hincf  iVHijrninK  lii^  MaHsuclinscllH 
fiinmiH^-ion,;:..!  tht'carof  Washiii-tnii.aii.l  nr^'.'l  Hmm'Xih- 
.lilinntliroKuhMaiii.'.*  Ilo  ..liowcl  ilic  jmirnal  .-fa  HnH-li 
„lli,."r  who  lii.l  nia.k'  thi-  ji.iinii'y.  aii.l  iiU  a  nianiiscfipt 
null.  ..r  thi'c.iuntry  watorcl  hy  tlu'  Ki»iik'Ih'c.    II.'  lia.l  I.cin 

*  j/a»/if //(««■ ''*"(</i/,  Vol.  I,  i>  ;mi. 


m 


llKSl'liKT    AIISOI.I-  M<K'K    Ilinu). 


liiinsolf  in  CiiiuKlii.  iiinl  Uww  llic  liciirt  of  lli.'  Ciiiiailiim :. 
lit' wii-i  ('111 iiN'ly  Silt i.-lifil  of  till'  l\';i-iliilii\ oi'  i>('licti';iliii,L: 
Miiiiic  Willi  ii  (livisioii  (if  till'  iirniy,  wliich  could  -iiriiri-i' 
(^)U(l)c('.  now  so  fcdily  j.';irii-oii('(l.  iind  lliii-  co-uiicriili' 
will)  M(iiil,u'oiiK'iT  in  llu'  rcdiictioii  of  Ciiiiiidu.  lie  was 
fci'tiiin  of  the  rcsiill.  iind  |iro])o.('d  liinisclf  a-  llic  li  adcr 
of  llic  ciitcriirisc.     Pliacl'iii  would  drive  AjidHo's  .-Iccds. 

HiTc  licjrins  tliat  stran,Lrc  nmslciy  wliicli  Arnold  exerted 
over  Wa-liinu'ton  :  'liat  incredilile  fasciiialion  wliieli  lield 
and  compelled  llie  iininterniiited  fuvor  and  I'.atrona^'e  of 
llu>  conimander-in-cliief  — 11  fascination  wliieii  notliinir 
could  disparauc  or  iniiiair.  until  the  enormous  villainy  of 
West  I'oinl  suddenly  uncovered  him. 


■\   I 


i 


Ii,'  Ciiiiailiaii :. 
I'  iii'iicti'aliii.L; 
oiild  ,-iir|iri-(' 
ii>  cii-iiiicraU.' 
aila.  Ill'  was 
'  a-  tlic  li  ailcr 
)ll<i"s  .-Iccds. 

ilMllllll  CXtTU'll 

)n  wliicli  lii'ld 
I  iiatroiai;.'!'  nl' 
liicli  iiotliinir 
Dus  villaiiiv  ni" 


TlL-irrri. 

WASlllNiiToX    AND    HIS   (iKNKKALS. 

\  T  TASll  IX('/1'<  'N  l"\\<'rrd  a!>i)\i'  llicaN'Tap'  Inmiaiiiiy. 
W  Onliiiarv  iiinrtals  cuiiKl  not  cliinl)  lo  liis  Irvrl.  nr 
,Ai.t  in  hi>  alinosi-Iicrr.  The  laults  of  siuli  a  cl.ara.lrr 
(■:,iil(l  niilv  lir  virlin's  in  (•\(v^•s.  TliL'  clniirut^  wnv  .-o 
mixrd  in  iiiiii  llial  il  i.s  iniiM..-il.lf  (o  know  uliillirr  Jad;,'- 
iiir,,l  oiitwd-lud  in(Mlc-ty,  im.mI.-Iv  courairc  ("iirau''  ma-- 
iiaiiiniilv.  iiiauii:niiMiitv  paliciicr.  or  whcllicr  inlc.irnt.v 
oniwi'i^di.'d  llicni  all.     Vr:  hr  knew  ih.i  llial  -  he  was  not 

a;  olhi'i'  iucii." 

'I'v.o  ihiii-s  he  iillerly  lacked— Mli'-a>-vrl ion  and  the 
|,nwrr  to  sii'invt.  11  V/.v// //////''//  ('v^-■  //"'/'/'//,'/  ';/"  "  il'lntl'r. 
II,.  wa-  eizn-inn-ly  deceived  in  l,ee,  (iaii-  and  Anndd.  .nul 
nnaeeonntalily  coiitinned  nndiT  the  didiisioii. 

'I'll,.  l.ower"(d"  an  i-nol)l,>  o\.  r  a  nuhle  si.td  is  as  (dil  a.s 
i:,l,.|,.  (Illallo  ill  the  toils  of  lago  .-hows  il  •,  h'ieliM'd. 
l.iin<r  uf  villains,  with  his  >iip..rhii:iiuii  -vniii^  of  de'trur- 
li,,n.  draws  all  alioul  hiin  into  his  curiMit.  and  v.hiiis 
uilli  them  down  the  swift  sticpv  ,d"  ruin. 

If  I5enedi<-t  Arnold  he  taken  a<  the  invdnct  (d'  a  New 
Kn.udand  puritan  village,  he  i.s  seareely  .shamed  hy  the 
par.dlelsof  sneh  harharie  times. 

(\.riain  it  is,  he  had  >neoeeded  in  achievinir  a  sndden 
reputation  for  hrilliant  military  talents,  and  "  tlie  eau-e"' 
was  inueh  in  luvd  of  su.'h.  Let  u.s  see  what  hdp  Wah- 
iiiLilon  (Muld  eouiil  upeii  in  pro.-ecutinj,'  tlie  heavy  v.ork 
ludiad  undertaken.  -On  the  dav  .if  thel.attle  of  Bunker 
Hill,  ('onares-  had  ol'M-tod   four  Major  <ioneral.s  :— .IrA- 


B._ib    ifA'»rf>-  «*iW<l 


34 


nA>inN<)T(»N    aNI'   III-'  til  N'i;i!M''- 


!i 


vut.^  Woi'l,  ii  wnril.v  man  ..1'  H.nir  al.iliiy,  I'Ul  ..1.1  nii.l  .ml 
(,f  li.allli  ;  Ouirhs  Lrc.'AU  Kii;:lisliiniiii.  a  lriiit..r.  a  iiiili- 
tary  a.l\.  iiliir-r,  Ini.'  t.>  ii"  fHiis.'  and  ii.i  inaii.  |.a,-^i.'Mati'. 
,.niiii.laii.iii-aii.l  al.ii-i\.'.ai..l  in  tiiii.' ..r  .lan-cr.  a  ..avar.l. 
r/nli/>  Sriunihr.  a  tnif  iiatri.-t  aii.l  a  Ini.'  man.  ;:.MUT..n.sly 
nsinu-  liis  ci'v.lit.  inlliuMic'  an.l  iv-..mrfs  r..r  lli.'  caiiM-. 
but  lie  lack.'.l  iHTvr :  />■/•"-/  I'nhiiuiu  inc..mi..t.nt  f-.r 
Hiu-li  a  pnsiiiun  an.l  t.-)  ..I. I  i..  l-arn.  Ihnilio  llohs  cam.' 
w\\  as  A.ljntanl  (icn.Tal.  wilh  rank  ..i"  nri,i.'a.li.r.  a  I'la.r- 
wck.r  \vitli..ut  clianicltT  or  miliiary  talent." 

r.ancn.i't  sivs  :  ••  Tlic  conlim'ni  t.M.k  np  arms  witli  1ml 
ono  pMUTal  -ilTuvr  wIi.mIivw  I.,  liimstlf  the  l.m-  an.l  tni-t 
(if  lli.'  c.ninlry.  an.l  willi  n..l  ..n.'  ..f  tin'  live  ImIow  liim  tit 
to  .-uccecil  t.i  lii~  lilar.'." 

TlifV  also  eU'ctc.l  .'i^xlit  Hriiradi.'r  (i.  ii.Tals. 

«'  »•"///  /'(i//;^/v»//.— W.'ll  .■st.rnn'd.— -.'V.'nty  years  old. 

"  i;ic/,(inl  Miiiihiiiiiicrii.—r^vwnlh   in  rank   from  Wu.-li- 
inf:jt.in,  sconil  in  m.rit. 

"  /)(iri(l  HofWn'.— A  man  of  inlfL'rity  and  palrL-tism.— 

^^ixty-tivc  y.'ars  .ild. 

"  Wilh'inn  /Av////.— \'ain  an.l  inf.imiu'lcnl. 

^•.J„yri,l,  >>//nv.  — lli^'lily  ot.rm.'d.  l.ut  witlumt    cx- 

])C'rii'ni't'. 

".hilni  'ntiiitt'is.—Sv\\  to  M.>ntj:.>inery  in  merit. 

",/«///(  SitIIiriiii.—\iihu  hoastfnl  and  amliitious. 

'- yalhiiiihl  r,'/vr»f'.— Wlio,  ari.r  Washin-t.'n;  liiid  no 
snperi.tr  in  natnral  resonre.'-.'" 

'riie>e  are  snlhstantially  UancrolVs  estimates. 

'I'liis  was  a  far  nntre  nnprnmisin;:  military  list  than  jiny 
one  at  that  time  snsivet.^d  :  yet  Wa~liin-.M'.n  liad  nr-^'d 
np..n  C.n.u'ress  tlie  ai.p.iintm.-nt  of  Initli  I..e  and  (iates. 
ami  liimseir  jrav.'  Arn.dd  liis  cmimissi.Mi. 

('ontrres><  had  li..n.>r.'.l  Wa-hinL'ton  with  larL'e  resi>..n>i- 
l)ility,l)nt  the  anth.e/ity  thai  >li..id.l  have  aee.oni.ani..l  it 
was  re^H'rveil  to  itself,  niiiltiplyiii.u'  iniiniiely  his  lahor-^  and 
vPNati..n...      Kintr  <'i^or:o    and     th.'     liritisharmv    v.ne. 


Ill   iilil   :lll(l  nlll 

IniiliM',  it  iiiili- 
111.  |ia.--i"n;iic. 
'.'(•r,  it  ciiwai'tl. 
laii.  ;.'ciu'niiisly 
fi.r  till'  ciiust'. 
(■(iiii|i('ti'iit    fill' 

//'/    (lilhs  ClIllU' 

.'iulii  r,  a  jilaci'- 

arms  witli  lait 

|n\f  ami  trust 

c  ImIow  111  111  lit 

ty  years  (tltl. 
Ilk   Innii  Wiisli- 

1(1  palrintisiu. — 


ut   witliDUt    I'X- 

in  merit. 
nl)itiiius. 
iii,irfi>ii;   liii'l   "•• 

at  OS. 

iry  list  thai)  tmy 

LTtoii   liatl    urj.'i'>l 

Lee  iintl  (iiites. 

1  larire  respuii.'!- 
•  aceeniiniliied  it 
■ly  liis  lahnrs  ami 
li.-!i   aniiv    v.iic. 


\\  ASlIINdlON     AM»    111-   •ilM;l!  VI>.  "•• 

«ln-oii-li..iil    the    whole   war.    llle   leas'    nf    his    alllirllui.S. 
While  he  arraiip<l.  ('«'ii;rress  ami    its   '•  l?nanls  cf  War' 
(lisaiTiiiifjed.     The  cans..'  was  cciistaiitly  to  he  saved  finm 
its  IViemls.    besides  his  iiiiiiiediate  prudii.'i«'iis  army  inrn- 
^lMm.h•llee,  he  (••.mliieted  aimilur  e.inaliy  l»rodi;riniis.  with 
iiieiiiliers  of  Con-iivsr*.  stale  -.'uveriinrs  and  ollieers.  with 
private  individuals  and  with  furei,-n  (•..uris  and  ollieials. 
All   coniitlainls  and    j:rie\aiiees.   I'rniii   all   and   whatever 
.(iiarters.  w.'iv   |odj,'ed   with  him.     It    re.|niiv.l  nfleiilimes 
tim  wlinl,.  wei-rht  (.r   his    intllleliee  In  keep  patriot    snl.lier.S 
liUr  S.lmvleraiid   Mniit;r"inery  to  their  post>.  a.irainsl  Hit! 
,-^iip.rhmiiiin   discoiira.ireiiunts  and   dillieiilties    that   hesel 
Ih.ni.     On  one  occasion,  after  an  «do(pient  appeal  to  their 
patriotism,  which   neeessitated  a  nhort  es^^ay  rather  than 
letter,  he  a<l''>  :  -  <i«»d  knows  tlieiv  is  n.d  a  ditlieulty  that 
you  hoth  justly  eotupliun  of.  whieh  I  have  iml    in  an  emi- 
nent deirrec  cxperienci'd,  that    1  am  not    t'lis  day  exi-eri- 
onein'i;  hut  we  must  hear  up  a,i.Mii>.st  them  and   make  tlio 
hest  o]  mankind  as  they  are.  since  we  eanimt   have  tliein 

as  we  wish." 

lie  must  riirhl  the  wnmu's  of  nnajipreeiated  merit, 
.soothe  the  i)an,i,'S  of  woundeil  anil)itioii  and  ailjust  the 
jealousies  of  the  ollieers  anions  themselves. 

TheyeaUeil  for  their  honors  in  advance.  Paoiiij,' the 
sour  and  surly  demands  of  pronounce.l  traitors  and  place- 
seekers  like'lAH',  Arnold,  dales  ami  Hurr,  what  a  ma- 
jestic patience  it  required  for  this-from  Un.ua.lier  (leiieral 

(ireene  : 

"  l.oMi  IsiAM).   May  21.  ITTii. 

"  Ihm-  ,s'/> ;— Fn.m  the  last  aeeoiiuls  from  (iirat 
Britain,  it  appears  ah'^.dulely  neeosary  tiiat  tlu'iv  slmuld 
he  an  au-rmentatiou  of  the  American  forces,  in  <'onse- 
,,neneeof  whieh  I  suppose  there  will  !..•  several  proiuo- 
tions.  As  I  have  no  desire  of  .p''"'".-'  ""'  ^''i'^'''^'-  *■ 
hope  the  Conirress  will  take  no  niea-iire  that  ^vilMuy 
me  under  the  disagreeahle  neeosity  of  dnin.ir  il- 


:iu 


WASIIINdTOK    AN'K   HIS  (il'NKItA  l.S. 


i* 


1 1 


I  liiivf  cvir  i'niiiiil  invH'ir  cxcccirni^'ly  Imi'l'V  iindrr  \uiir 
KmtIU'UcvV  i'"iiiiii!iiMi.  I  wisli  iM>  iiliiliiv  lo  .lt>rr\(.  was 
(..liiiil  to  "iiiv  iiicliiiatinii  lo  iiif-it.  llow  far  I  lia\.'  siir- 
ciril'-'il    ill    iiiy  <iulrii\..rs.   I    Mil.iiiit    l<.  yoiir    KxtrlKiuv's 

lii>(tcr  jiKlfrmiiii.  I  li"i"'  I  •!'•'"  '"•\'''"  ''^'  """■''  ''"""'  "'" 
i,n.mnl"i..Mll,an  MiKii.'Us  to  imiil  It.  *  *  *  Mndisly 
will  iviT  Inrlml  mo  l.»  apply  lo  thai  llniiM^  for  any  favors. 
1  (M.iisi.lcr  mvsrif  iiiiim'tliali'ly  iiiMKr  \(.iir  i;\(rllviicy'.s 
protirtiitu,  iiiul  look  up  to  yoii  for  jii.-liiv.  Facit  man 
L'vU  liiiusi'lf  wouiKkil  wliciv  lie  liml.s  luui-sclf  iir{,'krt.jd," 
flc,  etc.,  lit'.*  ^^^ 

Tho  eiitupai'-'ii  from  Aii;(iist  T, id  to  .January  IT*. T.  <lis- 
closr.l  I'.iiiallyi-tlu'  stupidity  of  Con.sivss.  in  (lisrc^^ardin,t!; 
(lifsiigS«'<tio"ii'^or\Vas!iiii^Mon.aiid  tlii'inscdvc,-*  und(•rlal<ill^' 
todiivrt  liis  military  nio\i'mriils,—tlu' worlV.I  iiicaparity 
of  liis  (dVucrs,  and  liis  own  utter  lack  of  sclt-a.S'^i'rtion. 

Concern  ill!,'  llie  Canadian  cxpiditinn,  llioiiLili  wr  iio- 
wliere  lind  that  W  a.hin;,'ton  oi.p<>>*'il  '<-  .^'t  w.'  do  not  llnd 
that  ho  Jiroposetl  it.  'riiree  years  suhseipiently,  in  \',:x, 
when  the  Kivneli  had  eoine  openly  to  our  help,  and  Con- 
^\v.<!i  Mig<,'ested  another  attempt  lo  contpier  it  in  tiic 
riileirst  of  the  Frunch.— Wasldn-I  promptly  .li.^eonra-ed 
it,  nrgin:.'  that  "it  was  not  to  the  inleiv^t  of  the  United 
Staterthat  a  1-ower  of  dilTerent  nice,  laimnafrc  and  re- 
ligion should  have  a  footing  on  this  eoiitineiit." 

^Washington  at  all  times  obeyed  the  orders  of  Congress 
fio  prompny,  that  they  might  have  .seemed  to  emanate 
from  his  own  conviction.  Kvcry  energy  wa>  used  to  hring 
its  plans  to  success,  or  failing  this,  to  retrieve  the  disji.-ter. 
J{i^htly  estimating  tlie  demands  of  the  campaign,  he 
knew  that  the  force  disi)atched  under  Montgomery  was 
inudc(|uatc  for  its  accomplishment.  Ho  was  the  more 
inclined  to  tiiis  :\Iaine  reinforeemeiit.  because  he  could  at 
this  time  spare  the  ln>op<.     Hie?  own  army  was  maintain- 

"  Wasitni'jloii'''  Cnnra^i.iuihrn'e  (fijutrJ:-'').  Vol.  I,  \\  SHfl. 


UASlllNt.lIlN    .\M>     III  -   t.l  Ni;iiM.^- 


m 


iiiHH  r  \()iir 
(l(,Tr\i'  wa-t 

I    Illl'.C    -iic- 

Kxfi'llriicy'.-i 
loiv  I'i.ikI  "f 
*  M(Mli>(y 
r  luiy  fiivotv. 
I'Actlliiicy's 
Kvcry  iniiu 
'  lu'gk'ctuil," 

I*.  4.  «,  II. 

.  .  1.  lIlH- 

(li>i('j:;inliii,L,' 
iiiiilcrliikiii^' 
>l  iiiciiiKU'ity 

l.^-i'l'tioll. 
niyli   we    iiD- 

0  do  not  liinl 
tly.  ill  r:«, 
Ip.  iiiid  Coii- 
■r  it  ii!  tiio 
viii.-ciiiiriiirnl 
r  till.'  I'liitcd 
i!i;r<'  and  re- 
1." 

<  of  Ciiiiurt'S.-* 

1  to    CMKllKltO 

used  to  liriii'^ 
■  till'  dis;!.-trr. 
•iinipiiiLrn,  lu- 
ilgtoiKTy  was 
ras  tlio  more 
0  hv  could  at 
tjis  maintain- 


in;,' a  forci' I  iiiacli\iiy  111  I'ori'  nusiciii.  I'..r  want  i.l' amniM- 
ni7iiiii:  llic  iihiv  trying' tmin  llh'  I'm  I  ll-at  ('uir.'iv-'-  and 
111'  War  Iti^ard  liad  ivp 'iili'dly  •'•jnili^'d  !:■'  dr-iiv  liiai  In' 
r^liunid  a-Miiiir  tiir  otr,.n-i\v,  II.'  rnidd  iirillirr  an  iinr 
with  raf.  t\  di,-i'lo  (•  till'  rcanni'f  his  iii.irii.m  ;  !iiil  luiii-- 
niinv  ran iul  id"  lli.'caiisc  lir  siTVfd  than  nl"  lii«  iv|ailatiiiii, 
III'  >i!riitiy  look  till'  ri'ii-inv. 

'rii,'.-c  (■nn-iiKraliniis.  t.iiivtiiii-  uiili  tin'  inr-i.-l.  nl  n.iin- 
mNhI'iIii'   ••  l'air-«|">kVii    mid    |m  rsiiadin.u' "   AninM.  piv- 
\ailrd.     'I'lii'  r.'inrorirnunt  ot  tlir  Cuiiadian  army  li>  uay 
of  llii"  uildiTiii-  nf  M.iinr  \va>  oriliTcd.  atul   Ariinld  iip- 
pnintid   to  had  ii.     Tli.'  i-Mnlials  to  its  mkt.-s  w,  iv - 
di^palrli   and  sccnry.     A  Hrllisli   army   would    (vrtninly 
iiiTivc    in  Canada    in     lli'^  .-prin,'-:'.     It    was  nou   nr  m  S' f. 
Arnold  a>siin'd  Wasliiii'jfton  thai  thi' niarrh  tniild  h.' made 
ill    Iwmtv  day<.  and    maiiitaini'd    hi-  av-ntiMii   tliat   two 
thuii.-and  111(11  Ciaild  ai  hi -w  thi'  cnniiuc.-l  of  ilir  pi'nviii'c. 
Jso  one  iippcar-i   to    havi'  cniitradirt.d   his  assi'rti.uis  i>v 
(piostioiicd   iii<   (-iiinali's:  fir   tin'    wiidcnuss   was  /nrn 
inrwjii'ihf  In  all  iail   hini-^rlf.     IVcan-c  an  lApkinn,'^- p:ivty 
(if    i'.riiidi    nlllcr.-   had   poiiet  rated    this  (•(iiiul  ry.  li-'iilly 
i'ipii|ipi'd.  iliiuisiiii:  their  o'vn  lime  and  sea-i>ii.  with  mu  nd 
in  view  hill    the  cNphiraliiin,   it   iraively  I'nl lowed  ihal   an 
army  (•"uld    drair   its    supplies    and    military  (iiuipmeiits 
lliniiiiih  such  a  country  at  dniilik'  (|uiek.  so  to  ,-pcak,  and 
cnier-e  in  ceiiditinn  fnr  in^lanl  as-aiilt  upon  llie  stroiii;v.-t 
piisitinii  on  the  coiitiucut.     Vci  tliid  ihey  were  expected 
to  y\o. 


1. 1.  3;lfi. 


■  M 


IV.-1775,  177(;. 

Tiin(>r(;ii  Tin-:  wildkunkss. 

Till'",  I'.irci- tlftaclicil   fur  siTvifc  in  CuiiiKla  aiiioiiiitcil 
t(»  uIhiuI  I'K'Viii   liiimlivd    imii.  (•<.ii«i.«<tiiifr  ••!'    li'H 

(•(»iii|)aiiios  1)1'  infaiilry  iiiid  tlin I'  rilKimii.     'I'lic  lalLr 

were  unliTfl  to  llic  IVoiit.  aiitl  .Mnrj.':m  Wii-  tlicir  Icailcr. 

"  His  imii  wrn-  armcl  with  lillf,  lonialiawk  and  loiijj 
knife.  Tlicy  w.r.'  dressed  in  llaiincl  shirts,  clotli  <»r  ImkU- 
»ikin  Itrtrclas,  iaickskiii  IcL'irins  and  ni(ii(a>ins.  Over 
fliCMi-  llicy  wore  l!iintin,i.'-^liirlH  niailr  uf  Imtwn  linsev.  or 
linscy-woiscy.  'IMic  sliirt.s  wore  cotdinid  at  tlic  wuisi  liy 
1)fll>  in  wliiCli  they  caiTicd  lln'ir  kni\is  and  t(.nialia\\l.>. 
In  the  wilderness.'  M(ir<ran  liim.-eir,  adi.pled  liie  Indian 
drosfj.  Part  of  tlieir  riint-  was  to  W  tiinMt.Ldi  a  lioslile 
Indian  rniinti-y.  wliieii  wonld  impose  upon  iiini  an  nntirin.Lt 
viLrilanc"'  in  fiuardini:  aL'ainst  Indian  ainlnisli."  * 

Moriran's  company  wore  on  tlieir  eaps  the  wonls  "  hl)- 
crtv  or  death."  Neither  advent nre  nor  prolit  had  hroii^rht 
him  to  the  wilderness  of  .Maine;  ol'  the  lirst.  his  lon-r 
Indian  wars  had  friveii  hinuisnrieit  ;  fortlie  last.he  wonld 
better  have  found  it  with  his  lloeks  and  herds  on  the, -lopes 
of  the  Alleiihanies. 

In  assuniini,'  his  h-adership.  he  had  received  orders  to 
"exaniiite  tiie  country  aloiiL'  the  route,  free  the  streiims 
from  impediments  to  navi;.'ation,  and  remove  ohst  met  ions 
fnmi  the  ro;id  :  to  asirrtain  all  fonl-  intersect inir  the  Ihi' 
of  march  :  to  examine  the  numerous  portages  over  which 

*  hriihiini'i*  L'li'i'  <]f  AriKiM.  y.  <i:3. 


Tiiunttiii  nil;  \vii.iii,uNi-;>^. 


m 


KSS. 

II   iilllKlllitril 

lill^'    t'l'     li'M 

The  llllliT 

I'ir  Kiiilcr. 
k  ami  loii^ 
nth  or  ItiK'k- 
siiis.  OvtT 
ill  linscy.  or 
lie  wuisi !  hy 
tdiniiliiiwlv!. 

tllC    lllllillll 

Llh  a  hostile 

I  ill)  untiring 
■•  * 

words  "  \'\h- 
hiiil  hronirlit 
rsl.  his  loiif,' 
aslJii'  would 
on  tiic  >lo|U'S 

(m1  onlors  to 

the  i<trniniH 

olisitriu'liona 

tiller  tin'  liii' 

.'.s  over  wliith 


il  would  he  nm-siiiy  to  move,  and  tako  all  m.-usiires  to 
r;i«iii!,iif  llii'ir  pas-a;.'!'." 

\\  ilh  all  ihr  di-|>at(li  thai  cuild  he  nsrd.  it  wa-*  the  IHtll 
nf  SpleiiilxT  svhrii  ih.'V  .iiiKaikrd  at  Newhiinport.  oil 
iiaii-i"iri-i  which  wnv  |n  (mitv  tli.iii  as  far  as  tianun.  r.i.n 
il,c  Knuirli.r.  Iltiv.  two  himdivd  hathaii\.  uhidi  N\a-h- 
ii,;r|oii    had   onhivd    lo    he  .•.ii.-lni.ud.  \M're  wailing'  to 

iccriM'  IIm'III. 

'I'hcir  route  was  ii|>  llu'  Kfiiiirlicc  aliiin-l  to  its  sources  ; 
„l,.,\v  Cinritiiiik.  lli.y  miisl  laeds  irasirse  "the  great 
.iirrviii';  plaee,"  a  dislanee  of  lillerM  iiiilrs  with  ihive 
Miiail  lak.s  Intirviuiii^'.  hefon'  ihev  n.uM  a-aiii  einhurk 
nil  the  l>.ad  IJi\ir.  a  w.-nrii  hraiieh  of  the  Keimehee,--ii 
l-liicr  (.r  ••|ireeiititoii.s  aseeiits.  yawniii},'  ravines,  liiick 
«ntaii^'lin;r  woodn.  swamps  and  water-coiirscrt."— the  rille- 
ni"U  niriTin;,'   the  hatcaiix.  ha;;,uap',  arms  arid  provisions. 

After  following  the  Dead  Hiver  for  ciehty-thnf  miles 
aiiotlier  earryinj,'  place,  over  a  moiiiitaiii  rhl.irc.  was  I.,  he 
passed,  hefoiv  they  reached  Lake  M. -antic,  in  Canada, 
cros^iii;;  which,  they  were  to  enter  the  Chaudiere,  a  swift, 
viol.'nt'^stream.  tliat  empties  into  the  St.  Lawrence  not  far 
from  l^iieltec. 

This  journey  throti},'h  the  wilderness,  with  its  outeome, 
is  till-  t'ragie-ronnince  of  the  i!.'\oliition,— a  presentiment 
of  that   after.   ;rrcater  Ira.iredy  of  the   Kreneh   revolution.^ 
••The   .March   to    Moscow."     ll   nads   like   the  liihors  of 
llerctiles,    Arnold's  twenty  day>  drajriivd  on  to  lifty-six. 
The  distance  was  six  hundred  miles,  throndi  silent,  pathless 
golituiK'S.— to  this  day.  in  part,  unsettled  and  unexiilored. 
As  they  advanced  lip  the  Keiinehec,  the  stream  heeanie 
rapid  ami  violent  over  its  roeky  hed  ;  often  they  could  not 
row.  Imt  must  drau' their  heavily  laden  h(»ats  up  (he  swift 
curn  lit.  waist   deep.     The  mountains   were   covered  with 
Hiiow.  aiiil  the  waters  at  a  deadly  eliill.     Hods  of  rock,  falls 
and  rapids,  often  forliade  tlie  pavsi.;ri>  of  their  lioats  at  all. 
Thev  were  to  ho  nnloailed.  and  with  their  ttniteiils  carried 


•I(> 


Tiiitoiuii  Tin:  \\ii.i»i:i;.si>"i. 


ly  111'  imii.  Ilir.m'/I»  linoojuc.  i)iil!i!r.-^  I'lin-'l'',  imtil  llu» 

rll'tillll  NMiiiM  liriir  liiclll  tl'.riiill. 

I.ciiNiii;,'  till'  Kfiiii'lu'i'.  tli-y  dm;.';.".!  I'Vcniliiii'.' <>\.i' a 
riMi;.'li  lid;,'!' iiiiil  llifMi^rli  -wiiiiiiw  iiinl  h»'^.\  .-iiikih;,' kru'u 
(liv|(.  til  Ilk'  Hciid  liivtr.  'I'lii'ir  coiir-ic  iii>w  lii\  tip  (Ids 
ri\«r  I'nr  ciulity-llnu'  indrs  an  i  no  U-.*  lliiiii  i-fVi  iid'in 
litiii"j.  Ipcciuim'  of  t'ldl-'aiid  r.ipids.  IIh-v  wiTf  furcfd  to  iiii> 
load  tlicir  IhhiI  •.  and  earn  llniii  mid  llu'ir  cnnifiil''. 
Winter  wind.-i  liiiw  1.  d  uroiind  tin  m  ;  tlirir-lioi  •' «(  r(';;i>n.'; 
ri!il\«  :ind  liriar-i  lure  till  Ir  ijiili.s  li'oni  tin  ir  Ii;h!n- :  No- 
\('iiilK'r  fains  dn'inln'd  Ihini:  r.iiniiM'.  disca^i',  and  drilli 
niiii't'lu'd  \Mi!i  iIm'Iii.  Tliiii'  nini|iaiiii-<  di^iilcd  iiiid 
iiiarclicd  li;iik.  'i'lnii' cMiniiiandi  r  plrad  a  iiii.'iindi.istaiid- 
iiijr  of  t'liluii  1  Arindil's  iirddv. 

Tlii'V  Imd  ilni;.'p'il  llnir  Imals  (nir  linndivd  and  ci^dity 
liiili'.'i  of  tlic  Jiiiii'iicy.  Aiii.ild  ill  a  Itlti  r  to  \Vasliin;.'loii 
wi'itfn  :  •'  Von  w.mld  liavi' lakfii  tin'  nun  for  aiii|iliiliioiH 
animal.s.  iw  tlii-y  wiic  nm-^t  n|' ilir  tinn' iindrr  walrr."  Tlu'V 
liai!  cairii'd  ilimi  on  tluir  shoiildrrs  forty  iiiilc.-'.  ilirou;:li 
frijilitfnl  tliii'kcl-i.  rii;."iid  moiiiitains.  ami  kii'  i-dicp  lio;;s, 
till  at  last:  llicy  rcadird  tin' CliaiidiiT.',  wliicli  ;;o(  s  i'oaiii- 
\u<^  and  raiiii;,'  down  its  rocky  I'haniu'l.  Swi'llcd  liy  li'iivy 
ht  inns,  it  \vliirl(  d  over  and  I'liirnircd  tlicir  lioal-t  and  con- 
tciils  ill  it-:  aiiL'ry  rapids  and  falls  ;  not  a  lioat  cscapcil,  ami 
till'  iiK'ii  ucrt'  scarci'lv  Hiivcd.  'I'Ih-v  naclii'd  tlicir  jonnu'v'H 
end  ill  a  pilialilc  and  almost  fainisli  ■(!  coiidilioii.  'rim 
first  tiup|>lit'S  that  were  served  to  the  starving' men,  weiv 
Boeufrerly  devoured  tliat  many  of  tiicm  sickcmd  and  mtnio 
died  from  tlieir  inipnulcnl  indiil,;.'enc'.'.  The  Canadians 
looked  with  minuled  wonder  and  admiration  npoii  the  men 
who  had  eoniiiicred  tin  ir  wir:  thron,;.'li  what  tliey  ref,'ardi'd 
an  impassahlc  wilderiu'ss,  'I'lie  troops,  advaiicin;.'  iis  fa<t 
as  Ihcir  cxhanstcd  slal-.'  would  iiermil.  a-^-^cinliled  on 
Novcinlicr  ilh,  four  leapnes  from  tlu'  St.  liawrcncc,  to  lla^ 
nuinlior  of  loss  than  six  hiiiidrod.  Deatii,  hickiRS.-s  and 
dc':= 'rtion?,  hnd  fonrfnlly  wasted  tliom. 


Tiiiioi  (ill  Tin:  >\  II  Mi:ii\H^^ 


41 


s  iinfil  l!«« 

hill,','  fivi'i'  a 
II kin;,'  kiK'u 
lay  lip  lliis 
I  i-fVi  iid'in 
ncd  to  iiii. 

r    rnlltflll-i. 

\\(  re  ;.'i>iii' ; 
luitlv^ :  \o- 

.  iiml     ilr  till 

>irli'i|  iiiiil 
iinkiMainl- 

tiiiil  ('i;,'lity 
\Vasliiii;.'t()ii 
aiii|iliiliii)iH 
Irr."  Tliry 
Icy.  lliroii;:!! 
'-ilic])  lin;.'s, 
I  ;itu  8  loaiii- 
k'll  liy  li'iivy 
iH  and  ciiii- 
■stiii»(Ml,  ami 
'ir  JDiinii'y's 
lilidii.  T\m 
<^  nii'i),  \v«'n3 
I'd  and  Homo 
.'  Canadians 
pun  the  null 
icy  rcfrarili'd 
ciiv.'  a.-<  lii'^t 
-cnililcd  on 
rciH'c,  to  I  ho 
(ickiK.s.-j  and 


Ariii'lil  lia'l.  hn\M'\cr.  ciVcriinliy  '  (/'•/^/•»'/  tliif'iilnr'i'j' 
//ii'  iiihi/ii-^f,  liy  di-pa'chiiiu' iiliiad  two  fricndls  lii'liaii-, 
mi-calli'd.  wiih  lt'iiiiNuddn>''cd  to  pir-on*  in  </iichr.  mi'l 
todcncral  >rhii,\ Icr.  aiitioniicini.'  hi"  camiiiL'.  The  liuti.ih-t 
pros.d  to  lie  iintVicndly,  and  ihc  hiicr-  1(11  into  the  h;iiMU 
of  ilic  |,i(  iitciiiini-<io\ci'iior  of  (^iiiImc.  lie  iniiil''  iii»l.iiil 
prcparatii-n-'  fordcrciifc.  Coloni'l  M(|.<iin.  IVoiii  the  Soi-el. 
joined  him  «ilh  one  hundred  and  s.veiity  iiien.  and  cnws 
ofNe^'els  Mni\  iiii;  Were  pn  s-cd  inlo  ihe^i  rviccof  ■ircnj.'lh- 
oiiln,!.'  till'  works,  while  the  marine'*  of  sey.  ral  wai'-vt— cU, 
hill'/  at  (^lichee,  to  tlie  nnmiier  of  IK  iirly  lliri'-  hiindied. 
inclined  I  hi'  dri'eiiccs. 

From  ihc  lime  Arnold  di -cose red  the  treaehery  of  liii* 
Indian  niei-cn^'er-i.  lie  aliandoiad  all  iih  a  of  a  siirpris>' 
iisAiiili.-  a  morlifyiii;i;  disappointment  to  the  Ik  roe-<  who 
liad  het'ii  iiirv(d  to  their  imredil.le  laliois  ami  eii'liiiam'e.., 

livihe  pvoiid  lio| r  re  enact  in;;  on  the  plains  of  Ahraham 

tiic  ;;|orioll.-(  deeds  of  WoHV.  Tlicy  were  Hi  ill  lit  Point, 
lii'\i.  for  tin'  Mritisli  laid  .-cciiied  nil  llie  lioals  on  ihc 
opposite  shore.  It  WiH  Xovi'inlur  i:!th  hc'"ore  llicy  coiild 
a-si'int)le  lioats  aid  hiilcanx  siillii'ieiit  for  iIk'  eroy-inu'. 
At  nine  o'cl.'ck.  on  the  ni.Ldit  of  the  i:ilh,  Mor^'an  and  his 
rilleiiieii.  still  le:idiii,!,Mhc  van,  eiiiliirkcd.  The  St.  Law - 
rcnt'O  was  two  miles  wide,  the  cnrivnt  rapid,  and  tin  ii* 
coiir.se  lay  hclweeii  a  IViLMt''  and  a  sLiop-ol-war.  'I'hey 
conliinied  locros^  safely  hy  deliichineiits  until  four  oVloek, 
when  they  were  discovered  and  lired  upon. 

Moi'^fan  meantime  had  n'connoiiered  ihc  approaches  to 
tlie  town,  and  found  ••  not  a  iiion-c  stiriiiie."  He  had,  his 
lire-lonir. aet'oinplislied  what  he  iindcrlook.  His  invcsiiiLrii- 
lions  salislied  him  that  Die  ,<.Mrrison  w.'i-c  not  aware  of 
their  erossiii<r. and  wrc  not  upon  iheir  ;:iiard.  IK'  thoii;:lit 
I  he  assault  should  he  made  at  once,  and  so  eomniunicitid 
his  views  to  the  ollieers  lie  had  perf.n'incd  the  eleven 
hiliorsof  llerciilcs.  and  now  l)e;.'u'ed  leave  todo  the  t well'lh. 
Neiiher  Arnold  nor  the  oiru'eis  accepted  lii.>  su^r.'-e^tioiis. 


^  Til  not  (III    I  hi:   NMI.I)i:UNK.nr<. 

It  wiiH  wumlcrfiil  liow  AriM-l'l'/*  riixInii'M  .l>Hcrlt'«t  Mm, 
|iivriHcly  wliiri  il  was  waiil«<l.  Tln'V  ar;.Minl  tliiil  llu'  liHiiy 
(III  llu-  iumi-  liitti.  rtiiliniii  tlniilii.  Iitrii  li'iinl  Ity  llif  ."iifri- 
Min.  Nonviihuliintlinv.  »I»''V  '"""•I  uriirttiirtl  tliul  lln> 
^.'arrixiih  liiul  Immh  .nii'^ly  iimii'miit  nf  (In  ir  t  ni'i-inv'.  lui'l 
lliiit  "llif  tiiiraiu\'  In  iIh'  liiwii.  taHi'il  St.  .Inliii'- Ualr. 
hail  Im'i'ii  o|hmi  llu-  wlii.U-  iiljriii  :  iIm-  onK.'rf.nr.'  .-I"  wiiitli 
HUMi  Hiii;.'li'  fT'iii  ;.'imnliil  li\  a  <lri»w-\  wahli."*  hiiriiiK 
till-  (lay,  A'liiiM  i^arad  il  \m  wlndc  iMifimiaml  lHf(ir«'  tl.f 
u  lU,  Hireling'  haul'',  ll<•|•ill^r  Iti  (Iraw  the  HritUlt  forco 
(.iil^itU-:  l»ul  Ih.y  ivmciiilH'ivtl  Montculin,  and  wi.*(.ly  re- 
iiiaiiii<|  liiliiii.!  tli'ir  <!i  rtiict'*. 

Ill' lik.wic.' Iic.[hm|  tliat  lliiw  frii'iiilly  I'ana'lianx.  wIkmii 

l)i>  liail  iv|ir('H«'iiti'il  a:<  (inly  wuiliiiu  tin' ii|»|»'''"'""*'^'  "•'  "" 
AiinTieaii  army  In  •'|»'ii  tli'i''  ^'i«i'".  woiiM  imw  prtiM- 
llicii' *M)ii»atiiy  ftT  llir  (iili.iiii'.t :  Imi  iii>iirtii;r  of  llif  kiii<l 
(iciMirri'il.  II'  lit'  liaii  riAnl  ilif  a-fuiill.  lie  would  tlotiliN 
li'^^M  luiM'  I'lHiinl  lliat  -yiiipalliy  uilliiti  llw  Hall,-,  i,a<*tly, 
At'ir'M  f't'iit  an  ullin  r,  iiii<l<  r  ila;:.  with  a  I'lltf  t"  lli«' 
(JiiMrimr.  |t.iiintnii>|v  calling;  |hiii  him.  U\  llu'  name  of 
I  III'  Amt'ficaii  ( 'oii|i:iv^p«.  !•»  Hiini'titlci',  iiinl  thi^ui' niiij; 
il;>a-iiiniH  r.in-iri|Uini' i4  IT  it  fliould  lie  (IfliiVi'd.  'I'lic 
olHi'iT  witli  till'  tla>r  was  liii'il  ii|tuii,  ami  ritiinl.  'I'his 
liliLMiftl  the  llfMt  (lay  hclorc  giielHc. 

\\\  this  timt'  Mor^faii  was  llinniii^ilily  disjLMititcd  with  llu- 
Htatt'  (if  iilTaiiN.  l-'rom  iiifurniatioii  rci'iivcd,  it  wu-^  clear 
that  had  lii^  oi'vici'  been  takfti,  Qiudu'c  would  idso  luive 
hi'i'ii  taken.  ArniddV  setiHcle.-«r<  livavado  and  tlleatiill,•:l('^;s 
parade  hifoii'  the  tnwti  were  not  to  his  mind.  It  wrnt 
jdain  to  liim  that  he  hii.t  heen  hroufrht  i-jMm  a  foolV 
(■(•ran.l.  Ills  men  had  also  that  day  oomiilained  that,  imt- 
willistaiHliii!.'  their  amide  sii|titlie.-<  of  thmr,  Uiey  were  still 
kept  upon  the  .short  allowaiieo  of  a  pint  a  ("iay.     Aci-om- 


*  Ornham'*  Life  of  .Morgan,  quold  from  Jloirj/'i  Ejtpeditioti, 
p.  K-,. 


.Hcrlt'<t  Mm, 
liul  till  lliinx 

Ity  I  lit'  ."iifri- 
tnl  tliitt  the 
t Tii-^iiti.'.  mill 
.liillll'-'  Ualr. 
t'llr«'  111'  wiiich 
I."*  hilling 
III  iH'fiir''  tl.f 

Hrtti>li  forco 
111(1  \\\nv\y  ro* 

ii'liiiti".  nlioiii 

li  liUW  j>l'UM' 
X    <if    llic  kliul 

Wnilhl  tliit|lil> 

Mill,-,  i,ll<*tl,Vi 
li'ltt'l-  In  till' 
tlll<     IKIIIII'    of 

I  flini.liliiiij; 
I.hlMll.       'I'lic 

lit  i  11.(1.    'This 

iKtcd  with  Ih;^ 
il,  it  wiH  clciir 
fitld  itlso  luivi' 
1  iiii'iuiiiiirlc!*!* 
iniiitl.  It  wiiM 
i'P<»n  II  fudl'M 
lied  llial,  iKit- 
thcy  wiTc  .'^till 
("iay.     Aci-'oin- 

iry'ii  Kjtpfditiiiu, 


TMHOHiH  TIIK   WII.UKUNMM.  W 

]Wilf.a  !.y  ttto..lllc.r*  I,.,  wuitcl  on  Arii.»H,  ^1•rm•llU..l 

liir  [.III '  mill  <lilliiUnl(il  ndrrM^  ^ 

wuiilil  pinliiiMN  liaM>  Imiii  iHiind  1.1 1.I'  u  |.;iri  cf  lliut  -N-fni 
of  ,..ru(..nni,  ulii.l.  Atii..l.l  mMciu  I-m  um  ..|.|M.ilm.iiy  »f 
|,i-,i'ii-iii-.  ll.M.vu.|.d  at  lli-t.  "'"I  «l'-"  '•'"•"•>  '■'"""» 
|,.,„,,|,,„„..,  A  VM.I.'t.i  all.i.Mii..ii  .ii-ni.l.  an.'.  .M-'ipm 
wa.  iipM.i  tlu.  |...int  (if  i-niUii;;.  bm^ru.i;;.-  of  (Irli.iii.'o 
,m.M..l  IhI«....|i  ilMHi  «H  M...p.n  hn  ArncMV  .i'"^''*"--- 
Tlu-mxi  (lav,  i.-.wfXH-.  and  tlMivart.f.  llic  rilhm.n  «im 

„.|.Vrd   W  il  11  i«  fldl  ldl..\Valltr  cf  |'l«»\  iM-Ml,.."  * 

M..r;i;.h  ua-.  n  loaiKal.lr  r  .r  hi-t  jiidiriiui^niivof  lux  nifH  \ 
tlii...tTivt*t.t'  tliU  nm- ami  kiiidm^M  h  pn^vid  in  tin-  lu.-t 
llnl  |,|.  luM  l.iit  ..lie  man  fr-ni  hi-*  .M.nii.any  in  llu'  |»a»..a«i.' 
llirouKli  .M'U.u';  i":;^!  """■  wi.  dr..«n.d  in  tin- nmndirri'. 

(»n  llu"  I'.ttli.  .Vnit'ld  niarclifd  away,  and  i<'«»k  (hiM  at 
l»..inl.ans-Tiiml.l.^.ri;.'Iii  Luj/n-M  ri-ni  (^i.Ihc.  I.,  awuil 

Mont n.rv's  ariisal.     Il-'  wr Im  \\a..l.in-.'i..i.   that   it 

v.ail.riv.,niiv  ivwnis-livi'  liiindivd  in.  n  l- lakr  gtiHur  ; 
later.  Ill'  wnitf  it  H\.'  tli"ii"iiiid. 


Mi-anliino,  M..nlp,mcry  Imd  made  a  l.iilU.inl  cannmi^rn. 
lakin;:  K..i-f^  Cl.nml.li. .  St.  .I..lins  and  11...  cit  V  ..f  M..nliv:il. 
»n,..l.,„d  run- with  IMS  praisi-;  Init  gii.t-.r  rcmaiind- 
tiu-  k.v  to  till-  wh.l.'  xiinati..n.  Afl.r  l.aMi.^r  p.m.-.iiH 
ttttlu.;ci''»^t'^»'"l  l»"-li"«"ith  tl.oM.  lr.M.,H  wl,n...|im.^ 
l„,l  ,.x,,in..1,  he  cHil.arki.d  with  arlill.'ry  and  .Moivs  and 
tlur..|.un.l.vdn...ntoj:.in.\.n..M.  On  llu- Mln.f  l)m.m- 
bi.r.tlu'ir  .initial  forirs,  k-.<-<  than  ni.c  llioiisan-l  .iTiriiv,. 
mon    •<api..ar.nl.fr..n.  Qmhc' in  mid-«intir  to  tak.- Ih." 

„, ',.,M  foililh'd  .ity  I'l  Ani.rica,  dcfrndid  hy  tvo  thou- 

Band  canu.m.  and  ii  Rurrisiui  n(.^v  nearly  twice  as  large  a:* 
till'  rorc'f  of  the  l)i'si«'},n'fs." 

*U,iirit'i^i:rpftlit!i}n,\y\^^ 


*J 


u 


Tftiinniii  Tiir  wii.m:nsti»«. 


li.aii  Im'  kiMW  Ih  li'.l  u  r.iH"iii  lnHM\  Ti»  ivriiiti  hIiIihiu 
llii' «'ii|itiiii'  i>t  t^iiilr>-,  \\.\'  lo  iliHMv  invay  III!  tin-  Immm' 
milk  lit'  liiitl  tltntc,  ritiiuiN 'I  v"s|H'iii'i|  li  :  ili.-  iiutioM 
•^wUvA  ftir  it;  III*  own  «""l  niitin' n.i.l  llu'  cuii-i'  t.i'  In- 
VMiiiiiry  iiliki'  iti'ti-iitiititl  it,  FuriluT,  ii  iiiii««  !»••  ilom' 
III  inut",  till-  liptr^  of  whiUr  wi'ri'  ii|t<m  tiniii  s  lln'  tulTtr. 

Ilty^    uf    llli>    Iticll    Wi'lV    illl<i|t'nil)|i'.       Twn    tlixiiijiiH    IiikI 

iiiiackril  till'  piimp— •»iiiill-|M»\  tiiiil  liuiii«-»tiikuf^"« ;  iil^'>, 
linn'  wi'i'i'  ili^toiiit'iitM  III  till'  unity.     Anmlil  lnul  "|iiur- 

nli'.l  with  hi*  oMlwrpi.  ami  tw.M.r  iliivi m|.iiiiit"' wiio 

rniily  (H  niiilliiy,  l.til  M..iiiH;..mt  ly'-i  nmiiiy  i  \|M-iiiliitinii 
Mull  tlii'iii  l>at'k  to  tlii'ir  tinly. 

Till'  lillK'  i>(  mml  of  till'  iiini  iNiMiv.l  will;  ;iu'  imw 
«A|iiriiij^  year.  'I'ln'  iI'miiiII  wuh  iIm  n  foiv  ll\.d  I'm-  liif 
lii;»llt  III'  llic  twtiily-MMli  of  |»firinlp(i'.  "  ll  wn*  <lnir, 
liiiil  Mi  c.il.l  I  lull  ii«»  man  I'niil.l  liaiulU' liU  uriii* '»r  m-iilf 
II  Willi.  Till'  iwt'iiiy.F'i'M'iitli  wa*  lia/y.  uinl  llu'  Iiimi|m 
«riv  |Mit  in  n>.*li"n.  Imt  tlif  ?<ky  clnirfil.  aiul  Moiit;.''»!iit  ry, 
tiiKliT  of  lii.il  liv.-".  rirallitl  tiMiii.  I"  wait,  r.ii-  ii 
iii^hl  of  rIoii.U  ami  ilarkiic-s  «illi  a  ^tl•|•lll  of  wiml  ami 
mi..w."'  Oil  iIm'  tliini.tli.  New  Y<iir'.i  f\.'.  a  noiilirn-t 
Kli.rin  Htl  ill.  'I'lu'  lniii|it  wt  re  (ii-|M»M'i|  fur  iittiuk  nt  lour 
(lillVrt'Ml  \>i>\n\n.  Two  of  llu'^c  attiu-kfi  ttvro  only  UU\\n: 
I  ho  mil  |M»int-i  of  iix-anlt  witc  iv-icrM'd  <<>v  Monixoiiii'i'y 
<in  oni'  si.li-  of  till'  town  iiml  Arnolil  on  lln  otlnr. 

Tin-  Hiiow  1i;mI  rliiiiiuv.l  In  ilriviii;,'  liail,  thai  .ill  llic 
incnV  I'yf!*  ami  Iik'"' :  .Xrnolir-i  iliviMioii  ailvamcil  uilli 
h.ii.l^  ii..wii,  iin.l  Ih.ir  ;,'nnrt  nmlcr  tlicir  «oaU  to  K.i  |» 
llu  III  ilry. 

TlifV  atlaekcil  willi  fiirioin  cnt'i'^'V,  hut  ii  inncki't-lmll 
ill  lii-'li'-^.lisiihlrtl  Arm. 1. 1  at  the  liivl  harrii'iul.',  iiii.l  lu' 
WiiH  lioriic  to  the  I'.'iir.  .M.tr;,'an  now  took  coininaml,  ami 
the  {."imc  wa*  in  hi<  "wn  liaml-..  ("hi'iTiiiK  <m  hit  nini 
wiilni  voice  "lomltT  thiin  the  iiorllie:i-t  grille,"  they  car- 
rii.l  l.alicrv  .il'ler  l.all.  ry,  takiii;,'  Iheir  ilefeml.Ts  priHoiiiTH. 


TUUUiMii  TIM    uiii>r:»\KJ*fc 


4i 


hut  1*1  hU 
Mill  hIiIimiu 
II  till'  lirii\» 

till'  nut  loll 

I'llll'f      til'     III!* 

|||<l     III'  ilolii) 

5  I  III'  Httitvr- 
WnvnurA  limt 
kiH'-'"* ;  iil.^is 
I  liiul  i|tiur« 

l|iimir^  Wll'O 
\|Mi-lltllltint| 

ill)  till'  iiiivr 
M'll  ("iir  I  III) 

t    \\;i*  ilt'iir, 

iniH  '•!•  wall' 

I  lit'   triMi|n 

kl(iiit;r'>iii' ry, 

wiiit  lot*  U 
iif  will)!  iiinl 

a  iiiirilirii«i 
lliu'k  lit  I'liiir 

only  fi'iiilrt : 
Mniit;;uiiu'i'y 

h.T. 
tlllll     I  III     llll> 

vaiii'i'il   will) 

LKlU    to    Kit  [• 

inii-'ki'Nlitii! 
cilili',  iihi!  lu' 
iiiiiiiaiiil,  ami 

Dtt  lii-*  nii'ii 
li',"  tiicy  ca'f. 
i'Vri  iiriHomi'Hi 


III*  h»-M  now  til-  li.w.r  |Hiri  '  (  It"'  >"»>".  '""'  ''""•  ''"■> 
waii'h.'.l  aii'UuiU'l  t"r  »l»''  |.r..iiii->'l 'i^'iiaMr.iiii  .M-iit- 

Ktiiiti'i\'»t  "itli*.  »i  III 

II.'  ttiili  iliri'c  liiiiilnthiu'tiiiii'l  I'i-  fw'MinI".  .M'  I  ii«r. 

fiuMuiMl  ni.i-'lii !«•»  Kiillaiil  \"IIHU  'hMih*.  lia-l  laki  li 

hh  iMiir.'  iil'-iii  iflt'i*  mi'l  •••••lv>  I'ltili,  <"» 'Ih'l"''?  »»"' 
ilnii;r»'r.Mi.  from  iIm'  ri'»»«»  I""'*.  »•"»'  ''  ♦»'"•  *''''  •''''^' 
t-nlly  iImv  .HiiM  l...|.  Hun  t.-i.  On  llii-y  *uiit.  Mmm.- 
«.,mVry  o'i'«'iiii';f  H"'  l"Hl>  iIh'.h'jIi  ilf  -ii'-w  with  In-  ..wn 
liiii.l'.'  A  l.uti.iv  liil.'rni|.ti'.l  Ih.ir  |iiilli-il  ii.tt'|  '';| 
mki'h.  Moiil;."»im'rv  mil.  IV'I  ilinii  to  •'.loiiliU-  .|iiii'k, 
hltii^i'ir  l.;hlii.;r.  wit'li  III"  >^'»"U.  •' <  ..iiu' mi.  l.iaM'  Im.>«, 
von  will  not  IVai-  to  r.ll.w  wlniM  \mii-  p  lurul  KmhU 
*A  HiiOi-ii  \vill-«»'.vnl  I'liiiiimi  iliMliaiv-Moniifoiiu'ry, 

Mi'lMi'T iiikI  ('!i.;'-i'iiinii  fi'll  'I'lfl. 

'I'lii'  ilnl'i'il  Miiw  wit-'  till'  uiiiiliii;{-«lu't't  of  iIk'  n-'M" 
aii'l  tlic  •»mv.'  o)i  tin'  iiim'iiin«  <'f  ili'-  n<'W  vnir.  IIT'I, 
li..rnn'  tlio  ;.'ali'^  <.r  (^ul"v.  'I'll. 'if  l-'U'l'T  rnll'H.  Iii"<  mi'ii 
mull'  ill  liuit  iviivat.  MmvMii  w.tili.l  mi  tin  mlu'i- -i'li' 
of  ilii'  t  nvii  rm-  tlif  -l;rimU  ihcy  m'Vi-r  hIioiiUI  «-i'.  ^  'I'ln-y 
waili'tl  too  Ion;,'.  'I''"'  ''""'".v.  now  fiia^fl  ffoni  .Irriti-liii^^ 
nlli.r  points  Hiifroiiiiil.il  nii.l  l.."lv  tluin  |iri.imi,Ty.  So 
cimIciI  a  iiolil.'  lit".',  aii'l  tin'  liinii'ntali..iH  I'm-  Mmit^ronU'ry 
wi'iv  iiH  lonilutnli'lo'i'U'iil  ill  H"'  Ufiti-l'  I'lifliann'iit  ih  in 
till'  Anirririin  C.nr.'fi''-'. 

.M.ir;,',iii.  I.alk.'  1  in  lii"  llf"!  wi^li  l'>  "■■'imit  Qi:.Ik'i'.  'iml 
.^ucftriUnl  now. inly  too  Wi'll  ;  Imt  I  I  liiiii  l.'ll  hi^  own  Mtiji'V. 
*♦**..  I  vviis  ii|»|ioiiit.il  to  till' (•  iiimiiiinl  of  111.' r.'f- 
Imii  111. pi' ..II  till' fiviT  St.  Cliirl.'^  iih.I.t  <!.'ii-'fal  AfiioM. 
Till'  p'U.'fal  having  Ik'.'Ii  w.mii.l.il  in  ili.'  1.'^'  whil.'  nml.'f 
till'  walLsanil  Ih-I' n'.'  wi'  K"'  '<''"'  ''"'  '"^^■"'  '  '"'"'  '','"'  "'^ 
ill  t!i.>  ciifi' or  two  of  niy  nifii  iiii.|  to'-k  lii-i  plai'i- in  tin' 
i".iiiiiiaiiil.  I  hail  i.i  ailiick  a  i\Mi-:jiin  l.atti'fy.  Hnppoitiil 
by  Captain  MrCl.'ii.l  iiiid  lil'iv  ri';,'iilaf  tr.Mip,-. 

"'rii.'lif>l  iriiii  nii'scil  111 ;  till'  Mi'onil  lla-li.'.l.  wlu'ii  I 
m'tl.ntl  III.'  la.l'li  rs  I'ofiii'  on  di.' .-li.mlili'fs  of  tin-  nu"i, 


1^ 


.w/ 


4(S 


TJimnfiii  riii:  \vii.iii:unksh. 


to  !,('  niHcd.     'I'll''  oi'li'T  was  inmicdiiitcly  olioyod,  iiikI  fnr 
Tear  I  lie   liu,>iiic:-.s   iiii;.'lit   not    lie  cxt'ciiti'd   -.villi  spiiil,   I 
iiMimli'l  iiiVH-ir  jiinl  |.ii|M'l  iniotlif  Ihum.     'I'lir  lir-l  niaii 
iiiiinii;.'  ('ai)tiiiii    M(('liMiil"s  ;,niai'(l,  wliu  was  |.aiiii'-:  lriif\, 
luidc   hut    a    laiiit    P'-i<taiicc.  ami    I'an    ililn  a   lioii-r   ihat- 
joiiidl  ilic  lw(i-j,'un  lialtiTV  and  iilatl'itrm.  wliciv  tlic;.Miard 
was  |ii..slc.|.     I  li;rlilci|  uii   Ilic  end  ul'  a  ^nvat   .iriin.  wliirli 
liiirt  liH'  \ci'v  MHicli,  and   |MTlia|is  >avi'd   my  lilV,  us   I   fell 
I'l-tiiii  tilt'  ^'iiii  on  till-  plalloi'Mi.  wiicrr  iIh'  liayoncl-,  wciv 
iiol  directed.     Culi.iiel  (Jliarlcs  i'orterlield,  wlio  was  |tlieiij 
a  cade!  ill  my  ediiipaiiy,  was  llie  tirst.  man  thai    I'dlluwtd 
me.  and  all   llie  men  came  after  liiiii  as  fast,  us  they  had 
riiom   to  jump  down.     All   this  was  perrnriiieil  in  a  few 
seconds.      I   ordered   tin'   liieii   to  lire   into  thi;   house  uiid 
follow  np  wilh  their  pikes,  which  they  did.  and  drove  th(! 
guard  into  the  street.     I  went   throiit^di  a  sally-port  at  the 
end   of   till)  platform,   met    the   ret  real  in:.'  unianl   in   the 
stroot,  iind  ordered  them  to  lay  down  their  arms  if  they 
expected  (|iuirters.     They  took  me  at  my  word,  and  every 
man  threw  his  arms  down. 

'•  We  then  (diarged  on  the  hattery  and  look  it,  swon!  in 
liand  ;  ])iishing  on,  we  took  (^verythini,'  that  (tpposcd  n-t 
at  the  point  of  the  hayoiiet   till  we  arrived  at  the  harrier 
gate.     IK're   I   was  ordered   t(j  wait   for   (General   Mont- 
gomery, ami  a  fatal  order  it  was.     It  prevented  me  taking 
"the  garrison,  as  I  had  already  made  half  the  town  ])risoner^. 
•*Thc  sally-port  throngh  the  harrier  was  standing  open  ; 
the  guard  had  left   it.  and  the  people  were  running  from 
the  M|)i)er  town  in  whole  platoons,  giving  themselves  up 
as  prisoners.     I  went  nii  to  the  edge  of  the  \ipi)er  town, 
iiirii'j..  with  an  interpreter,  to  see  what  was  going  on.  as 
the  tiring  had  ceased.     Finding  no  person  in  arms  at  all. 
1   returned  and  called  a  council  of  what  few  otlieers  T  had 
with  me,  for  the  greater  part  of  our  force  hud  missed  their 
way  and  li.id  not  got  int.>  the  town. 

"Here  I  was  overruled  hy  sound  judgment  and  good 


T 


(■(1,  siiid  fur 

II  Spil'il,     i 

ir  lir.-l  Mian 
inic-:  lnic\, 

(■  the  ;.Miiiril 
UMiii,  wliicli 
IV,  us   I    I'd  I 

)  was  |lliciij 

III  folliiwcd 
IIM  tlli'V  liiul 
■d   ill  11  tVw 

liiiiise  iuid 
1(1  drovi!  tlio 
•-I>i)i')  at  till' 
lard  ill  tlu! 
inns  if  tlicy 
1,  and  every 

it,  swoni  ill 

(»J)|)()Sc(l    IH 

;  the  IjiirriiT 
iieral  Moiit- 
d  me  takinji; 
VII  i)ris()ner>. 
iidiiifr  "pen  ; 
luiMiiiLT  from 
lem selves  up 
upper  town, 
aoin":  on.  as 
I  arms  at  all, 
otlieers  T  liad 
,  missed  tlieir 

lit  and  r'ood 


Tiiiioniif  Tin;  \vii.i»i,iiNi;.s.s. 


•r. 


rea-oniii;.'.  ft,  was  said,  in  llie  lir-f  l)lii'<',  llial,  if  I  went 
■Ml  1  ^l:o!ild  lire.dv  i.rd.rs  ;  in  llic  inAt.  Iliat  I  liad  more 
pri-omr-i  iliaii  1  lia  I  incii.  and  thai  if  1  Irj'i  ihiiiilhcy 
mi;.dit  Iiivak  out,  rdakr  ihf  hatli'i-y  wi'  liad  jii-i  .aphii'd, 
and  eiil  (.IT  our  retreat,  ll  wa-  i'liii  her  iir;.,"'d.  I  hat  (i'leral 
.Mtdilu'oiiM'i'y  woiiM  join  ii-  in  a  I'^w  miniiir-,  and  that 
we  were  .-lire  ot  eon.|U<^t   if  we  actdi    uiih  eaiilion  and 

jpi'iidi'iii'i'. 

••'I'll  tlii'se  jrooil  reason-  1  <^;\\i-  up  my  own  ojiiiiii'ii  and 
|u-t  th  ■  town."  i''or  (icniral  .Mnntt.'omcry.  havin;,'  fiit 
(Iciwii  an  oiit-pickft,  was  maridiiii'.'  up  lo  a  I wo-iruri  bat- 
tery wle'ii  an  iinhicky  shot  pm  an  end  to  his  (Ai-trnee, 
kiliini,'  at  ih.'  >ume  time  Captain  ('liifsemaii.  .Major 
Mcl'her.soii  and  othiTS  of  his  ^r'>od  olliecrs.  I'pon  this, 
Colon"!  Cami.hi'll,  his  <piarternia-ter-;.'(iMral,  undertook 
to  order  a  ivtrcat.  We  were  then  left  to  ^liift  for  oiir- 
Sidves,  hut  dill  not  yel  know  tin-  extiiit  of  the  mi-forl lines 
whii'h  had  occurred,  or  it  wa-  still  in  our  jiowcr  lo  have 
taken  the  j.Mrrisoii.''  t 

llis  (letiKdimi'iit  now  fuiind  tlicm-ilves  siirrniinded  ])y 
tlieir  onomies,  hut  .MorcMii'-  -]'irits  rose  with  tin-  emer- 
rfC'iicv,  and  ho  proposed  to  his  i.ilicers  to  cut  their  way 
hack  out.  of  the  town;  l»ut  tiny  had  lost  hope  and  pro- 
fern.Ml  to  surrender. 

A  .-intrle  incident  remains  to  he  imted.  wiiieh  Mori.'an 
himself  relat(-.  Humanity  and  kiiidne^-  marked  tiie 
treatment  of  the  i>ri-oners  hy  Carlefon.  lait  Mnrgan  re- 
ceived special  eon-ideration.  Hi-  ondiict  of  the  a--au!t 
had  imjircv-ed  them  with  a  hiirh  idea  of  his  military  ahility. 
"He  was  visited  frei|ueiitly  hy  a  Hritish  officer,  to  him 
unknown,  hut  from  his  uniform,  he  helunired  to  the  navy 
and  was  an   otlieer  nf   distinction.      Diirinjr   one   of   his 

*  S  ■venil  of  the  oili  ers  outranked  Morgan.  l>ut  at  tli-'  fall  of 

Ariii.lil,  D'.t  one  wouM  iiss  iim-  liLs  commaml,  Ijut  iin-.seil  ;t  upon 

.   Morirmi. 

\  Giiih<im'«  Life  of  .\f'r:/iiii.  \).  M'pt. 


,^l 


4ft  Tni!Ol(iIl   Tin:   WII.DF'IIN'I'SS. 

visits  iifUT  (Miiivcr.Mii;:  uiinii  u\u\\\  luiiic-,  he  iiskcil  Mur- 
f,Mii  if  lit'  dill  not  lifuiii  to  1k'  coiisiiiccil  lluil  liic  n-i-liincu 
(if  Aiii.ricii  \v;is  \i>iuimry.  Hi'  I'lulcaMinil  In  iminvs.'i 
ii])oii  Mnru'im  tlu' di-ii-lniii'^  cniir-ciiiii'Mci'S  liiiit  nm.-t  infal- 
liMv   cii-iu'   if  llu'   i'lli'   :illriii|p|    Wfiv   [icrscveivil   in.  iiiul 

CiirllrMU   (AJlorlcl    llilll   In    IVlM.UlUr  tlu'  iii-iulvisill  lUltllT- 

liiixin.i;'.  llr  liirlaivil  willi  Mriiiiii.u'  sim.vrily  niid  wiiriiitli 
liis  iuiminitioiM.I'  Murgan's  .<iiirii  ai.d  ciitci'i.ri.sc,  wiiii'ii  lie 
siiid  wore  worliiy  i.f  ik.IiIit  t  iniiln\iiiiiil,  ami  at  last  (nld 
llilll  tliat  il'lK'  w-'iild  c'Diisfiil  In  witiidraw  IVmii  tlu-  Aiiur- 
icaii  and  join  tin-  Hritisii  service,  lit'  was  coniniissioiied  lo 
olTer  him  tlie  ranix  and  eimiliinieiils  nl'  a  cnlunel  in  tlif 
royal  arm V.  .Mnr-an  rejected  the  propn.sal  willi  disdain, 
!iiid  addt(i  :  '  I  Impe,  sir.  you  will  never  a^'ain  insult  iiic, 
in  my  iiresml  distre.-sed  and  unrortunate  sitnatinii,  liy 
)nakin,u'  me  olTers  which  plainly  imply  that  ynii  think  nic 
a  scoundrel."* 

llercwejrct  the  true  rinir  of  hi>  metal ;  it  was  worthy 
of  tho  "chief"  hini<elf.  I'crhaps  nothinjr  in  Wa-hin,;,'- 
lon's  career  has  heen  mure  admired  liian  the  inannerof  his 
rejection  of  the  overtures  of  tho  otlleers,  thnmjrh  Colonel 
Js'icola,  in  lt!S3.  ju-oposiiiix  to  him  to  assume  the  headship 
of  the  nation  with  tiie  title  of  "Kin.ir."  The  line  ledin,-,' 
is  the  same  in  hoth  cases:  hoth  are  pn'soiKdh/  iiisullal. 
Thev  recei\e  it  as  a  man  of  honor  would  an  "  unhandsonio 
sii<r,iiestion."  \Vadiin,!:tnn  replies:  '-With  a  mixture  of 
suriirise  and  asmnislunent  I  have  read  the  sentiments  you 
have  suhmitted  to  my  perusal.  I  am  mucii  at  a  loss  to 
conceive  what  part  of  my  conduct  should  have  ^'iveii 
encouragement  to  such  an  address.  If  I  am  not  deceived 
in  the  knowled.ire  of  myself,  you  couM  not  have  found  a 
])eri5on  to  wlmm  your  schen\es  are  more  disairreealjle,''  etc. 
The  iioint  nf  Morixan's  scorn,  in  his  Canadian  prison  eight 
years  before,  is  not  a  whit  less  line. 


(Ji-iil<nn'^  Life.  p.  11 


[•  iiskcil  Miir- 
lic  rc-i-liinci' 

t<»  iiii|iitss 
I  iiiii.-t  inral- 
ctimI  ill.  mill 
hisiil  luiilci'- 
mid  Wiiniitli 
i.sc,  wliicli  lio 

iit  last  (old 
111  tlu'  Anur- 
imissioiu'il  to 

oldlH'l    ill    tiic 

uilli  (liMiiiiii, 

ill    illSllll    iiic, 

f^iiuatii'ii,  Iiy 
(III  think  niu 

it  was  wortliy 
in  Wii-liiiiij;- 
iiiaiUK  rot"  liis 
•ou<.'h  Cnloncl 
the  hoad^Iiip 
ic  iiiu'  li'i  liiiij 
(dhl  iiisidlid. 
•  uiihandsoiiio 
a  iiiixtmr  of 
riiliiiK'iits  y<m 
\\  al  a  loss  to 
d   have  ^'iwii 

I  not  dcfi'ivcd 
liav(,'  t'ouiid  a 
^nvcahlf,''  etc. 

II  iirisun  eight 


J 


V.-I77r.. 
THE   liETltEAT. 

AK>f()LI),  ill  hospital  with  his  shattered  linil),  found 
irnii>tlf,  1)V  tlu'  dcatii  ol'  Mniu^^oiiiery,  at   llir  head 
„f  alTairs.     Hi'  wrote-  U>  Washington  that  it  would  miuiro 
tell  tiiousiiid  men  to  coinplele  the  eoncpiest  of  Cmiada, 
and  opcniiiLC  a  vein  of  niode.ty,  adds  :— "  I  am  in  liop*-''' 
some  cxperieiieed  ollieer  will  "lie  siiit  here  to  take  eoin- 
iiiand  ;  tlie  serviee  re(|uires  greater  abilities  and  experieuco 
thi;u  1  ean  pretend  to."'    Montgoimry  in  his  last  d.fspatches 
to  Con-i-ess  had  informed  that  hody  that  it  would  reipiiro 
an  anny  of   ten  thousand  and  a  lleet  of  war-vessels  to 
hri)  Canada  afti-r  it  was  conquend.      Notwithstanding 
this  new  rcvidation,  with  the  disaslors  which  !iad  followed 
the  attempt.  Congress  having  entered  upon  it,  i>ursued  it 
Avith  ii  stuhliornucss  something  akin  to  insanity. 

(k'lieral  Woo-tiT,  a  hrave  old  patriot,  iiad  heen  left  in 
eommand  at  Montreal  hy  .Montgomery,  and  was  now  the 
liighest  oHioer  in  Canada.  He  f.-lt  liis  unlitness  for  the 
jMrsition,  and  was  un.\i(ms  to  he  sujiersoded  by  a  \(mngor 
and  more  etlieient  ollicer.  He  toid<  eommand  at  Quebec 
April  1st,  and  "the  garrison  hiughcd  as  they  saw  from 
the  ramparts  the  general,  now  venerable  from  age,  and 
distinguished  liy  his  singularly  larg.-  wig,  walking  solemnly 
ulong'the  walls' to  spy  out  their  weak  points.*' 

Now  England  had  sent  forward  several  regiments  imme- 
diately after  the  fall  of   Montgomery,  and  at  the  end  of 
April!   Congress  blindly  deelared   itself  "determined  on 
the   reduotion   of  Quebec,"  and   by  its  president   urged 
8 


T^ 


AO 


Tin:  1 1  mil  I ;  AT. 


WaHhiii<,'ton  to  liashu  (lie  ',l»'|tartinv  of  four  biilfarudis. 
A  wi'ck  later,  llimiLrli  \\ a^liin.u'ton  wim  hiiiif^i'lf  in  ur;,'tiil 
lU'cil  of  nun,  arms  an>l  inoiicv,  "williunt  so  nincli  as 
CKiisiillin.ir  Willi  ill.'  cniiiMiandiT-iii-cliii  r.  tluy  .^iiddcnly 
ami  iMnnijiI'Mily  (H'llcrcd  liini  In  (li'la«'li  .<-i\  addilinnal 
lialtaiiiin.s  I'ruin  his  army  i'nr  .■^irvicc  in  Canada,  and  I'lir- 
tlicr,  in<|uin'tl  if  lie  could  s|iiirf  more.  On  tlii'  day  lio 
rci'civcd  this  order,  his  elTeetive  foreo  consisted  of  Init 
ci^iht  tlionsand  three  Inindred  men,  poorly  armed  and 
worse  clad.  He  detached  immediately  six  »d'  his  hest  hat- 
talions— more  than  three  thousand  men — at  a  lime  wlieii 
the  Hritish  luiiiistry  was  directiuj^  aj^ainst  him  nuire  than 
thirty  thousand  \i'teran  troops.  It  was  a  louchin;,'  spt'C- 
tado  to  sec  Washiiiu'toii  resij^n  himself  to  the  ill-coiHiderctl 
votes  of  ("oii^fri'ss,  and  send  oil"  his  liest  troops  to  Canada 
at  their  ivenl,  oven  though  it  left  him  hare  and  exposed 
to  the  <rreatest  dan<ifer.s,  sayinj^  only,  *  I  could  wish  tlio 
nrniy  in  Canada  were  powerfully  reinforced,  at  the  samo 
time,  tru^tiiijr  Xew  York  and  the  Hud.-dis  Hiver  to  tho 
handful  of  men  remainiu'^  here,  is  too  <rreat  a  risk.'"* 

To  tho  costly  life  alreaily  sacrificed  hefore  Quehee,  thoy 
added  now  that  of  the  next  most  cITeetive  ollieer  in  tho 
service,  (Joneral  Thomas  of  Massachusetts.  He  arrived 
at  Quchec  in  May,  and  found  one-third  of  the  troops  in 
hosj)ital  with  small-pox,  and  within  a  month  liimself  fell 
a  victim  to  the  |)estileneo.  *'  llo  had  comc!  to  meet  dealli 
unattended  liy  olory."' 

General  Sullivan  next  succeeded.  He  came,  and  aired 
Ins  vocalmlary  of  l)ra.i,',iradocio,  hut  fallinj,'  into  the  hands 
of  one  Krazer  (of  wlmm  moreaiu)n).  at  Trois  Rivieres,  was 
taujxht  modesty.  Coiiirre.-.s.  hy  tlu;  iniluenee  of  .John 
Adams,  the  s])eeial  ])atron  of  (liites.  now  appointed  that 
oltieer  as  a  panacea  for  tho  ills  of  Canada. 

Hut  tliu  Cauailiaii  campaign  was  ended  before  ho  reached 


T 


»  Jlnirroft.  Vol.  Vin.i).  4'21. 


i 


r 


iir  bitltalioiiH. 
c'lf  ill  iir^'t  111 
t  f{)  niiicli  its 
1k_V  siidilciily 
■  \\  addilinii.'il 
imlii,  1111(1  I'lir- 
II  till'  (liiy  III! 
isisti'd  of  liiit 
_v  ariiit'd  and 
"f  Ills  lust  l)at- 
t  a  liiiu'  when 
ill!  nioiv  tliaii 
Kiiriiiii^'  s|ii'i!- 
ill-cdiisidiMvd 
dps  til  Caiiadii 
:'  and  I'xposi'd 
)uld  wish  tlio 
,  at  till'  saiiio 
Hiver  to  tho 
a  risU."'* 
•  (^lolii'c,  they 
otiiccr  ill  tho 
He  arrived 
the  troops  ill 
li  himself  fell 
to  iiioet  deal  li 

line,  and  aired 
iito  the  hands 
i  Rivii'irs,  was 
enee  of  .lohn 
ippointed  that 

ore  ho  rcaeheil 


Till".  i:i:ti!i:at. 


St 


i 


it.  "  Disasters  followed  fa.-l.  anil  followed  faster."  i'.iir- 
poyni'  had  arrived  in  the  St.  i,awivnie  with  an  army  from 
Kn^jland  ;  Arnold  was  now  eallin.i,'  for  a  ivtreat  as  vijjor- 
ousTy  as  hr  had  called  for  ..n  advaiuc.  and  il  was  cl.iir  to 
all  liiat  iinlevs  that  retreat  was  .-pivdy.  Ilu'rc  would  \>v  no 
army  to  hriii;:  away. 

'i'he  pi-tileiiee  ritivatid  with  them.  '•'I'lir  voya-iv  over 
till  lakes  was  made  in  leaky  hoals  wilhoi.t  awnings,  so 
tluit  tho  sick  lay  drenched  in  water  and  exposed  to  ihc 
.Inly  sun.  Their  only  food  was  raw  pork  and  hard  hread. 
When,  early  in  .Inly,  the  fia-iueiils  of  the  army  had 
miehed  Crmvn  I'oiiit,  tho  scene  of  distress  ])rodneed  ii 
momentary  despair  ;  iheir  elolhes.  their  Itiankets,  the  air, 
the  very  ^'roiind  they  trod  on,  was  inferled.  More  than 
thirty  new  f,naves  were  made  every  day.  In  a  little  more 
than  two  months,  the  northern  army  had  lo.-t  hy  de-ertion 
ami  death  more  than  ii'.e  thousand  men."* 

r.ut  we  must  return  to  the  special  notice  of  Arnold's 
military  career  in  Canada,  lie  had  harely  recovered  from 
his  wound  when  (ieneral  Wooster  appeared  at  (^iiehec — 
April  1st— and  assumed  command,  'i'liis  appointment  did 
not  please  Armdd,  who  complained  of  his  coldness  and 
reserve,  for  Wooster  neither  asked  nor  accepted  his  aihlco 
or  counsel. 

This  situation  is  well  exphiined  in  the  fact  that  the 
siurdy  old  patriot  was  a  towiisnian  and  neliihhor  of  Arnold. 
Just  at  this  time,  Arnold's  horse  stunihled  with  him  and 
aggravated  his  wound,  lie  asked  leave  to  retire  from 
Quebec,  and  dropped  down  to  Montreal,  where,  being  first 
in  rank,  he  at  once  assumed  ciuitrol. 

DuriiiL'  his  command  there,  occurred  t'lie  alTair  of  the 
Cedars  ;  not  exceeded  in  ignominy  by  any  event  ot  tho 
war.  At  the  Cedars,  alioiit  forty  miles  away  from  Mon- 
treal, a  point  that  proje-^'ed  far  into  the  river  and  could 

*  Ii,iiicr„fl,  Viil.  IX. 


n? 


•ritn  iM.TitrAT. 


„„ly  I.,  iii.proiuho.l  fn.in  ..,u>  >i.l..  An.  .M  ha.l  pn.i.|l 
liso  luuMliv.!  .MM.  ui..lr,-C..l..url  IW'.lrll.  IK'  ua.  w.ll 
iiiliviuliiil  aiKl  lia.l  two  lii'1.1  l>im'.s"'*  _ 

C.lom'l  lUikll  li.anl  of  tlu' npi>r..a(lM.f  Cai'l;""  '■'"'"; 

t,.r  witli  Iw..  Imii.liv.l  lliiti.-l.  aii.l  Caiuuliai.-.  a.i.l  «c\.ral 

h„„.l,v.l  lM.liai.<.-..u  Ani.Tirau  aull.oriiv  pnls  tlu-  mim- 

1,,,  nl  nv.rMX  luin.ln.l.     I.nisin-  Majm-   I'.i.n.rlul.l  ... 

,.|,ai'".'    H.'l''ll  wilt  I"  Mn.itival  to;,MVc  llii'  ala.-iii.     t  ap- 

tai..'"lM..-.sttr   l.ad    ..-  a.till.'.-y.  a...l   aita.kcl  u.th  i.....s- 

krM-v  ui.lv.     Al'i'i-  ivv)  (lavs,  l.iil  <Mw  i.iaii  in  liu'  loil  was 

AV.mn.kMl •  but  VuvAvv  to.rilir.l  15..t UrIi.'M  into  a M.r.T.i.k..-, 

I,v  ll.ivats  or  f;iviii-  liu-  wl.olf  pi.Tisoi.  ..p  to  ll.o  sava-;os 

i(  ,„v  „f  ,1,..  iH.si.prs  W..V  uo....>lnl.     Tin-  U'vms  of  li..- 

M.nvmUT  vvoiv  most  i;r..o...i..ious.     Mmi.tn...-  An.oM  ha.l 

di-piitclica  Major  Sl.ri'homM.c  will,  our  1.iuu1it*1  and  toi'ly 

,,h',.  to  tl.ch-  a;>ista...r.     \U'  app.'oacl.c..!  without  ki.ow...- 

what  had  happciuMl-was  sur.-oun.k.il  hyllu'  eiii'.ny,  IhiHy 

of  his  foivo  to.uahawkc'.l  a..>l  tl.r  wA  caplum  • 

At  the  .li'ws  of  this  M'coi.d  disastci-,  Ai'u.-ld  advaucvd 
with  a  foi-ci-  of  ci-ht  hundred  u.c...  From  La  Chmc— not 
fur  from  the  Cedar.-hL.  writ.s.  May  •.T.lh.  ir.<i:  "  <  '-c 
of  our  ni.'i.  this  ...(uucnt  canii'  in  who  was  takvn  at  tlio 
Cedir-  II.'  made  his  oscaiu"  this  iiu.rninf,'.  and  says  wo 
iKivc  lost  only  ten  privates  kilk.l.  the  rest  a.v  prisoners  at 
St.  Ann's  and  the  Ceda.-s.  The  eumn  hst  dnnble  hU 
number.  They  weiv  last  nijrl.t  within  thivc  miles  of  ns, 
uith  three  hundivd  sava-es,  tii'ty  ropulars,  and  two  h.in- 
d.-oa  andHftv  Canadians,  with  our  two  pieces  of  eannou  : 


hid  m  hearinn  Ihnt  ire  hwl  a  hi'-fje  hodij  »f  mm  here,  Ihnj 
vitiile  a  preeipildfe  retreat"  \  .       ,  ,        i 

Instea.l  of  movi..^'  at  once  upon  Hh"  enemy.  An.ol.l  sent  a 
vartv  of  Indiana  .nvr  the  river  with  a  n.es^ajre.  .k.n.andn.jr. 
in  his  u=.ual  bravado  style,  '•  the  sur.-euder  of  the  An<or.ean 


Vol.  I,  p  105 


*  Spiirlm'  C>rra>]M'i(l'iicf  of  Wii^hinf/loi,,  ^  »l.  1,  p  l.>'> 
t  Sjin-h'  Vorrixpomhiic:'  of  WniliuK.iton,  V..I.  1,  \>  "'IH, 


'i 


■nii:  iiivntKAT, 


SI 


ilil     liail     pnstc'tl 
111'  was  well 

■  Caiilaiii  l■^tl'^<- 
ins,  ami  several 
|iiiM  till'  miiii- 
•  Uiiiuitiilil  in 
II'  alarm,  t'ap- 
Kid  with  niii.s- 
iii  tlu'  fort  was 
into  a.-iinTiiiU'i', 
|)  Id  till'  sa\u;,'i'.s 
'he  tiTiiis  (>r  the 
imc  AhidM  hail 
iiilivii  ami  I'ni'ly 
,ilh()iil  kiiowiii;,' 
lu>  t'lu'tny,  thirty 
unci. 

U'doltl  adviuuvd 
1  Lii  t'liiiu— not 
th.  ir.<i:  "Ono 
as  takvn  at  tlio 
iiiK-  and  says  wo 
1  iiiv  pfisoiKT''  at 
/as/  (hnble  lliid 
live  miles  of  us, 
8,  and  two  hun- 
ioccs  of  rannnii  ; 
I,/  iitoi  lirrr,  lltiij 

Tiy.  Anioli!  sent  a 
-a<re.  dcmaiidiiiu'. 
•of  tiie  Anjeiiean 


^'..1.  T,  p  105 
Vol.  1,  1'  "•!«. 


prisoners.  th.v.lrn;n:r.  in  .:,«..  ..f  r.  f.oal.  or  .1  any  mnv- 

,1,,..  wvn mmitled,  that  I.,-  wo-ild  sa.nliee  .'very  .ndian 

,iK,t>l Id   fall   into  his  hands,  and   Inllnw  then,  to  thnr 

(owns,  uhi.h  \w  w.ndd  d.-tn-y  hy  ii.v  and  sw.-rd.       "  Me 

siiokr  da^';.'rrs.  hiil  iis.mI  none."  ...» 

The  Indians  returned  as  spirile.l  u  r.ply.  prumis.n-:.  il 

),,  attaekrd.  l-.  kill  al!  the  pri^oncr^  lhe\  had.  and  all  liiey 

.'■hould  captMre.  ,,       .     ,        ,  ,, 

I,  was  ..veninjr,  his  boats  had  nut  yet  all  arnved.  and  the 
.larkness  n.ade  it  neee-sa.y  for  hin>  to  ntitv.  I  e  eal led  a 
,,,„„,il  „,•  war.  and  il  was  nnanimonsly  (h.'.d.d  lo  atta-Iv 

ill  ihf  earlv  mornin.i;.  .     , 

At   midni-ht.   oi...  <.)•    the    imi.ri^om.d   oil,.,  rs   arrived 
with  a  lla-.  hrin-in-  arliel.-  l-r  an  ev<'han-:e  .d   prisuiiers, 
,,,,i,,,  i.a.llMrnarranu'rd  hy  Major Sherl.onrne  and  (  aptain 
iM.Mrr.     The  same   i^r.iominioiis  terms  were  .dieted,  ae- 
,.„„,,anie.lhy  the  threat   t.Met  hms..  th.-  sava^.'S  np..,i    he 
,,,i..',„..,.s.  ami  i.po.i  Ar...d.l.  ir  1...  >h.mld  a  ta.'k      1    w 
Umr..ssn.l  with  Arti.d.l  as  il  Imd  been  w.ih'.nterh.'ld  ; 
:„.,  <,an  we  see  that   he  was  ni.nv  valiant.     Uy  Ante.™ 
estimates,  the  memv  n.mihered  six  hnn.liv.l  ;    'n"^  "'"■ 
;„!,U.s  wot.l.l  perhaps,  re.lnce  this.     IW  Arnold's  l^nreH 
„„.,,  ,v..re  about  sis  b.t.Hlre.l  American  prisoners,  and  ho 
,,^,,,  „.,„  „i,„dr...l  fresh  tr..ops.     It  is  m-t  t..  be  siippos..,, 
„,;„    ,h,  ,,ns.mers  w.ml.l  fail  to  cmT'''""' ""•^'■•"  "'  "" 

utieinpted  ivsono.  .       i  p.  „i,i,.f 

AUlittleoflhat  rashness  that  was  Armd.U       u 

,,,i,i„^./,i,.,„,,  was  here  ..ee.U..I.  but  ,t  a^atn  deM  e.l 
,i,„  -The  same  threats  that  bron.^ht  th.;  sorren.l-r.d 
ni.tterlleld,  now  availed  b.  seare  Armd.l  ...to  aeeepLng 
the  di-i"-i'aeefi.l  terms  (dTe.-ed.  ,        ,     i 

Ii;\;tun.e.l   t.,  Montreal  with  his  ei.ht  hnt.d.-ed  men 

without  huvi,.s  Btruek  a  blow  for  the  ^'-Me  a,,d  wr.tes 

i„,„,,,iately  to  (b...en.l  S..h..yler.  '•  1  have  <-';    ">  ^  '    - 

Hodell   his  mai.n-.and  Captain  Y.mn,!:,  to  Sorel,  for  ti.t.i 

"'    This  a  lair  led  t.,  n.ueh  .M^i.-unation  and  reer.mi- 


bi 


Tin;  It  I T I!  I ; AT. 


b 


nation  iK-twc.n  lit.-  military  aiilliorific^  on  liotli  Mvn. 
Ci.ri;;rt'^-i  wiMliitl  i.t  i'r|iii<ii:ili'  ilir  ia|.itiilaiioii.  I.iit  Wii-li- 
in^ton  |>roii..iiii(r.l  it  l.in.liiiir.  I'l'i  ijr  ••x»tMil.il  in  .inr  luini 
\>\  otllcir^  Imvin;.'  in'oiu  r  uiiilioiiis.  Tin  iv  vmI'  no  liniior- 
aMr  wa\  nnl  of  ii. 

Tlii.s"(i..sf,-.  lln'  mililary  <\l>loii.H  of  Arnold  in  Canada  ; 
but  lliiTc  ninain  Minu'  oiiur  inaltci'M  to  Ik'  nolid. 

Ai  f<.ona?(  tlicf\a.nali<  n  was  .lii.riniiifd  npoii.  lif  inadc 
an  indiHriininatf  sci/.nif  oi"  ;.'ood.t  IVotn  lla'  nn  nlianis  <.f 
.Montreal.  itrolVs,-cdly  for  tin-  l-iihlir  MTvic'.  ^'iviii<f  (rrlill- 
futf-i  to  tlu'ir  owncrn,  wlio  \vtr»'  to  l(i>  paiil  I'v  tin-  military 
aiitlioritifs  of  tlic  I'liilfd  Stati'-'. 

II. •  sent  till'  ;,'.iod.s  to  Cliaml.ru',  in  iliaiL'.'  of  Colonel 
llazi-i.  'I'lii.^  olUccr  had  Imvh  I'or  some  lime  aMso.iatcd 
with  Arnold.  I)ut  lor  iva-ons  hcxl  known  lo  liims.lt'.  In- 
d.clinrd  to  !.'•  iiniili.tili'il  in  any  way  with  the  transM'ti"ii. 
The  jroods  lay  in  I'il'M  on  the  lainlin,','  t\|ioMd  to  iho 
wtalher  and  the  iijnndf'er. 

Tluir  owners  iullowed  the  army  to  Crown  roint.and  de- 
man. led  pay  for  the  whole  unn»niit,  including' th.'  dania-.'.'.l 
and  st.deii.'  'i'he  Idame  fell  npon  .Nrn.dil  ;  \\"  transferred 
it  to  llazeii.  who  he  deelar.'d  ha.l  not  ol.eyed  his  onlers. 

Ae..urt-niartial  foll.iwed.  Durin;,'  its  prof,'ress,  tli.' conrt 
refused  (o  aeeept  the  testim.tiiy  .d'  one  of  Arnold's  wit- 
ness'S,  who  was  Relieved  to  he  inter.'ste.l  in  the  alVair. 
Arnolil  addres-eil  a  disresp.etfnl  l.ll.'r  to  th.- cairf  ;  they 
diinanded  an  ap.do^'V  ;  he  ehallenired  them  all,  Mulividu- 
ally  anil  e.dlectively. 

Snch  numstr.>useirr.intery  comiielled  the  .•oiirt  to  appeal 
to  (ieneral  (iates.  command.r-in-chief  of  the  department. 
These  two,  Arnold  an.l  dates,  had  al.eady  liepin  to  Cx- 
(■han;.'e  sJL'ns.  (iates  ahruptly  diss.)lved  the  e.mrt.  and 
excnse.l  himself  to  Coimnss  f.n-  an  act  s.»  unjust  and  die- 
tutorial,  on  the  idea  "  that  the  United  States  could  not  lu; 
d.^prived  .d"  thatextrlkntomcur'rf  services  at  that  inipi.ir- 
tant  moment.'' 


f 


Tuv.  m;Tui:AT. 


M 


1)1  liolh  Mi'^, 
on,  )i;il  Wii'li- 

I'll    ill  llllr  I'ni'lit 
WUS  III!   IliilKil- 

ild  ill  Caiiaila  : 
lioli'd. 

ii|iii|i,  lie  lllitdi' 
•  iiu'nliiilil'  «'( 

.  ^'iviiijr  ci'S'iill- 
l.v  till'  iiiililary 

rj.'('  of  CdIoiu'I 
time  iis.-iiciati'il 

to    IlilllSllf,    III' 

III'  traiisii'tinii. 

■\|Mt^l'll      til      till' 

I  I'liiiil,  aiitl  di'- 
ii<.'tlif  (laiiiaju'ctl 
Iw  tran.-fcrn'il 
il  liis  onli'iv. 
(fjrcss,  till'  court 
if  AnioUl's  wil- 
1  ill  tlic  alVair. 
:h('  court  ;  llicy 
It  ttU.  Mulividii- 

.oiirt  to  appeal 
lie  di'partiiniit. 
y  liCLniii  to  C\- 
tlic  court,  ami 
unjust  and  dic- 
tes  could  not  In; 

at  thai  iuipor- 


Tlif  (•  iiiit,   liowcvcr,   licforu   itM  mljouniiiiciil,   pas-icd 
jild;;iiiiiil.  aci|uiltiiij,'  Coloiirl    lla/.cii— li-aviiiK   Arnold,  of 

COlirHi  ,   llluirr  icllnlin'. 


Hard  upon,  lollourd  a  riiplnn'  with  (  oloinl  lirowii, 
who  had  Ikci,  at  the  tai.inx  of  Ticoiidcro;:a  and  wan, 
perhaps  no  iidiiiirrr  of  Arnold.  'I'lii'  latter  accusid  Brown, 
ill  letters  to  ('oii:;ri  ,-H,  of  pliinderin;,'  tlio  lia^';.'a./e  of  pri.s- 
(iiiers  lakiii  ill  Caiiad;!,  duriii,:.'  the  sie^fe  of  t^iieltec. 

Colonel  IJrown  promptly  demanded  a  court  of  iinpiiry 
from  (leiieral  WooM.r  at  "the  lime.  I.iil.  throii^'h  evasions 
of  Ariiiild,  he  wan  niialile  to  prosecute  the  aH'i..  until 
after  the  cMicnatioii  of  Caniula.  lie  then  applied  to  Con- 
^MVMH  for  redress,  and  Congress  directed  dates  to;rniiit  liio 
iiii|uiry.  (iates  |ilayid  the  dictator  as  heloiv,  and  shieliled 
Arnold  from  the  iiiijiiiry. 

Colonel  Hrown  waited  until  the  end  of  the  campai^fii, 
and  then  demaiiilnl  the  arrest  of  Arnold  on  a  series  of 
chariie.s  running  tliroii<,'h  the  whole  period  of  l.is  com- 
iiiand.  dates  aira in  e\aded  it.  wiyinj;  that  he  would  hiy 
the  ju'tition  liefon'  ( 'oiiirress.  Colonel  Hrown.  iiidimiant 
at  this  shiiillin^'  and  iialllinj;  of  justice,  piihli^hed  tho 
whole  alTair.  comment iuj;  upon  Arnold  tvitli  unspariii),' 
(■everity.  During  all  this  time  Arnold,  safely  ensconced 
niider  the  wiiij,'  of  dates'  authority,  maintaiiieil  a  pro- 
found silence. 

Kollowinj,'  him  on  tho  retreat  of  the  army  from  Canadii, 
we  tiiid  him  at  Ticondero^'a.  acti\ely  enj,'ay:ed  in  proso- 
ciiliii;,'  naval  alTairs.  He  with  others  ur;:es  upon  Con^'ress 
the  huildinjr  of  a  fleet  of  not  less  than  thirty  vesstls  for 
I.ake  defence,  askin;;  that  "three  hundred  carpenters  1m« 
immediately  sent  up."  etc.  The  lleet  wa<  Imiil  and  Arnold 
wa:  put  ill  command.  It  proved  only  a  lloatiii},'  slau'c 
whereon  to  cut  his  antics  hefore  hi<rh  Heaven.  In  retivat- 
iti;,'  tho  army  to  'ricoiidcro<,'a,  it  was  thought  necessary  to 


.-^' 


.VI 


TMK   IlKTHtl.vr. 


ulriiKlMii  Crnwii  l*'iihl-it  iii.a^niv  il.>j.|.»i\-t|  ai   l!i^    lime, 
l.n)  il.Mil.tl.-*  wi«.'.  fi>r  flK-  fiitiiro  i->ll«7  «»u  <Ih'  liUki'H  wiu 

til  lie  tlftVll*!'.!'. 

Hill'  iliiiij,'  Wiis  nrfiiiilv  !•»  I><  (liihf.  tti  all  ri<*k'  uinl  nil 
cn.lH.  Tir.Mi<t.ni'„'a  w;i-  l'>  I"'  ^>\>^-  <>"'>  ••>  lt».|.llii;4 
thai  nnild  tli.'  IIii.l-Mi  IJiv.'f  Im'  ilffiiul! 'I  IV..m  ilif  nortli ; 
atiil  ill.'  jn.,-Hr..^v.u  ..r  tliii  rlvc'f  vviiJ*  lliroiiulHiiil  llu-  war 
til.-  Miiuiiiii"  nl.jiTl  of  ilir  Mnti.-li.  A  l.iikf  ll.rt  w.-ll- 
iiiuiiii  '.1  ii.i.I  jii.llcloUMly  tniiinluiii.'l,  w.miM  |H-r!iii|H  luivo 
iivcrtoil  '.Ih-  .•^luuii.'fiil  -urn  ii.l.r  ..f  iIh'  |i..-I  fiirlluT  mi. 
Arii'.M'.M  ll.'.»  coiiMMr.l  uf  alioiit  Iw.nlv  n.>.'V.  I.ir.-.-  iumI 
Kiiiall.  rj.'litlv  l.iiilt.  uikI  imiOiuhI  »•>'  liiMlsiiini.  'I'.,  atlniipt 
ft  hiittl.'  ^viili  Ciu-U't-ir-  l!f.  I  nf  li.:r  y  \.-h.1-.  \\rl|...nic.iv,| 
ni,.l  iimii..c.l  liv  .killfnl  i:ii;rli>li  imiHii.-.  wa^  simply 
tmnlluT  v.ckl.--",  tliiivxlcvil  alirm|.l  I.mIo  iIu'  iiii|M.«.ih!.'. 

TIjo   AtiifricuM  llti'l   uii'l'i"  Ariinl.l  '•r.Miiin.l  llio  l.iikt* 
witlim.t  ilu'  k"  miiil  n,inl.fi-  4lli.   \s\mi  <'arl.'t.m  ran- 

liuii^lv  uii'l  l.-i.sii»vly  ai.|.ivucli.M|.     Arii..M'>  «li"U J  p'.M- 

ti..ii  inv  hattlo  was  ••  wuniily  ai.pn.vr.1  l.>  O.ilis"  wim 
knew  '.rrliap^  M  Miiirli  iiboiil  ii  naval  Kailk-  a<  li.'  .liil 
ttlMMit  li  liiii.l  luiIlK-  ••I'lit  "1'-'  '<«"•"  "'""""'l  •"■  """'"  ''""■ 
poruiirt  nmlil  not  liiivr  lu'ii  mail''" 

(^iirk'toM  hml  twiiv  Hh-  intint.  t  -f  v-w.-js  witl.  m-.r.. 
(Iiaii  uvl<v  til.-  iiimilKT  of  fTMiH  aii.l  nu'ii.  Ol'  ••<mu>i-  iImi 
|,,itt|..-  roiiM  ciid  ill  iMit  on.-  w.iy.  'I'wu-thinls  of  llm 
Awnciiii  v.-sscN  wvn-  sluilli-ivil.  Mitik  or  striiuli-tl.  To 
Hinv  lli«- iv^l  from  <Mpliin".  Anioll  ran  (linn  into  u  shal- 
low civck  mil  .-ct  tli.'iii  oil  liiv.  Willi  color-  ilyin^'— lu'  lii'' 
liwl  to  ;;o  ashore.  S.-\rral  of  ih.-  smaller  hoiit-^  hixl  escaped 
iiii.l  fouii.l  slieller  iiiidcr  the  Kims  of  the  fort.*  The 
Hritish  lost  three  vessels. 

No  one  dniie*  to  Arnold  in  tliin  aHair  a  niajrniheont 
ciierfry  und  il  deiith-di  fviiitr  roiirajie.  hut  to  what,  end  'f 

•  [I  W  ihu-  to  (liit.-H  to  rt'm.iiil..-r  Unit  Ariiol'l  acte-l  in  oppoHitiou 
to  Uutfs"  or  ItTH  hi  i>rcciiiitii:iug  II  Imttlo. 


i 


I 


TiiK  a»;rMi-  \\. 


tft 


I  at   )!)'    liiii*', 

II  i.>k'  imtl  iill 
ly  li_\  li»>Min,^,' 
.iiii  I  lie  north  ; 
u'litnil  lilt'  war 
iiki'  ll<rt  wi-IU 
I  |i  r!iii|i4  Imvu 
tM  fiirllicr  oil. 
^•(''M,  l.ir,i;i.'  iiinl 

II,  'ruiitifiiiiti. 

s,  ttill-olliccliil 
•1.    wiM   siir»iily 

111'    lIII|MlS-4il<ll'. 

iiiii'il  llio  l.iiko 
Curlciiin  I'liu- 
>  «lmu'<'  of  |to*l- 
,y  UiiU'!*,"  who 
lilt  lie  ill  III'  «titl 
I'll  <i|'  IllnjC  «lim- 

.(•W,  with  iiioro 
or  coiir-t'  till) 
n  thinl-t  of  tim 
•  Ktriiuli'd.  To 
K'ln  info  II  ahiiU 
■H  11  villi,'— 111'  Ihn 
(iiitM  liinl  cscaiH'tl 
the    l"..rl.*     'I'iio 

T  II  niujrniru'ont 
o  w  haf-  I'tnl  f 

actinl  ill  oppoHithm 


Hv  th.  hi«  of  hi-  imiiir.'.  M...  Im'|.r.'.*ihh'  "  nrj."''  ^^"  •'» 
,,„„•,. .„KI  ,„.,Mtr.,r  liH'lf  "«///  »«  .k.fni>h>,,'.  >"  I'l^t 
,„m.'lh...;r  «u-  'nu.lM.I,  an.l  h.  tlio  ,..na.h.r.  wuh  a  .1... 

|.M,.|. ipli  «••  ivM'H"fi»'<' ««'•'  lii.tum.;..M-nh.'.Hi,ti. 

„„„i.  it  wa.  «.  II  aoiM'.     Hi-  ram.'  r.»»^'  hiwh.  r  ihuii  .'N.r, 
ami, n..«n'.m.l  lu  muuUIv  i.  «i'h  th.' .h^....Hion  o|  a 

jh.'l    "|v;'k|....lv    ^a<rili.r»l    n-llunit     p,|h|l.'    Imi..' Ill  If 

.,„„,,.„.  i,  to  U'  ,„.'u..ir.'.l  l.y  hi'-'ukatf...  liii-ii  n..K'.'.l  hi- 

i.xm..UllmlorH..""hMlliiiih.'<'hiua-h'.|" 

MuMi.i'urih.'  Luk.-.  rurl'lon  .hiiM  .aMh  haw  t:.l..  ii 
Ti;..„M|..rM;:a.  HO  i„>i.h",..al>  ly  «..-  il  .h'f.ii.h'.l  ai.-l  |..'... 
xi,i..„...|,     Uiii  il   NvuH  h-.r    ..II   hi.   i.rotrninii.M'.     «•*'"""' 

|iuwoha.llaih'.ll.Mi-^ Ml,,.  ||ii.U..uii.linu'   orajii...'- 

th.aat  Alha.iv.  Ilasi.ur  m- iin.l  ih,-  sir.t.v  of  (  a..a.la  l.y 
,lu.  .h.irii.ti.oi  of  tl»'  lh»'t.  Cuirh'lon  rvtirv.l.  mUmUwii  lo 
uilvaiii  '  1"  All.anv  m  the  ■'priii-'. 

S.  .loN  ti.i^  ill.s'arn.l.  ill-tiii.."l  ami  .liH.iHfroiM  taiui- 

,lia,M'M.'.li',i..l..      It    h:t.l    iM»o|so.|    tlu.   HIUTilln'  ol    •«""' 

tlM,  m..'l  vahiat.t.'  oth.'i'iM  In  llm  K.'ni.'.'.  wa^l.il  an  aniiy 
„f  l..n  thou-.iii.l  .n.n.  nmhTiallv  w.ak.ni..«  NN  a,-hu.;:t..r.  h 
rcTP.  uM.l  .■..Mlnl.niin.'  H'.litH.'io  llu- si,hM'.,iU'i.t  ili^n^i 
,.,....r  Lntii  IMamS  ami  il..-  .U'M'V.*.  Th.' (•on..'r.sHi..ual 
c.mmitti'f  of  in-iiiin  ini..  il»' cans.-,  of  lailiin-  r.  |h.i'I..I. 
"lh.'liit('m'^H..f  tla<.-«':in..ii."  "iim'h'i'i"'"  I'l'l-araiioii  in 

niiiiil..'iv;'«'><'.  •'•I'**''*'''''^'"'''"''''''""^^''''''''*'''''"'^"''''''"-^'' 
ami    'siiiall-|io\." 

(  .,i|.M-.'-'  .h'.r.'t'-l  to  M..iit).'<.imry  a  m-.tiiiim  lit ;  !<>  Ikmh'^i. 
,.l.|  \Vn..-l.'r,  a  .•..on  ..f  iiM|«iiry;  t.i  Aroohl  u  hngailiir. 
yoiK-mr'*  t'..miiusf*iou ;  to  Morgan,  iiouiiu.:,'. 


VL—ITTU. 

«AM/s  wi:i.i.  riiAT  i:ni)s  wi;i,ij' 


li 


XC.'Kl'T  I'lr  till'  ili'ii-lt  r-i  in  Ciiniulii.  iilTuir-*  IumI  iIiiim 
'  fill'  pilit'  I'miiit'iiilv  Will  fur  till'  AiiHiiriiri-'.  'I'lii'V 
IiikI  liit'ii  fur  MM)i-t>  tliitii  it  }t>itr  in  ui'tin'it  i'i"iKtuiiri>  lo 
l'iii;^tiiii>l.  Li'\iii;;ii>ii.  Ciiii'iii-il,  lliiiikir  lli!l  ami  TiiMit- 
iltTopi  l>;til  illiki'  \villi<'--ii|  III  lliiir  iiiitftiiil  M|ilril. 

The  liloiiilliyii  (iuilM't'iiiK r  MiMtiiit  rroiii  till'   Mrili'li 

lirillV  Ull'l   llrll   lldW  rililiiWliI    nil   till'   lltli  of    Mlin  ll,       'I'll  ' 

roi'lillralioii  ni'  |)((n'lii>li  r  lli'ijfiilt  li\  \Vii^liiii;,'liiii,ai'tniii- 

|i|i>l)(<il    ill  It  r<ill};K>  lli'illl,   "U  riilllliilltllioll   (' 'llciTti'll  \siili 

i'linllli'H^  uliility  Ull'l  -mlil'  iilv  I'Xi'i'tilcil,  lunl  in  ii  Uw  Iiuiiim 
iiiiidi'  llicir  iHi-iiltdii  iinlcMiiMi'." 

ill    till'    lllnlilll    of  .Imit',    till'    ulliijc    cnlitiirv    win   (Ire- 

trill>(l  liy  till'  K|tiril''(l  ii'iMil-i'  nf  ti  Hriti:*li  llnl  iiml  iiriiiy 
witit  lu'Msy  liw/i,  IVoiii  Cliiiili'-tiin,  Sniitli  Ciiniliini. 

Siic'li  tiK'rit'Hul'  hrilliiuil  mikci'sm'*  hail,  iMrluips.  iii-|iiri'.l 
llif  Aiiifrit'iiii"!  with  itn  oxtriivii^iiiit  I'HtimiU''  of  tlit'ir  niili- 
lai-y  aliility.  'I'Ih'v  iiail  nut  Miiririiiiily  cuiisiili  r.il  tliiit 
Kii'-rliiini  liail  Ihtii  tiikni  olT  jjiianl  l>y  tlii-*  smlilcii  iiiirisinu 
of  a  t'iill-;,'riiwii  ivliillion.  Sliu  wiim  liv  tlii-*  limi'.  Iinw- 
CMT,  liiiily  iiwiiki',  anil  was  coin  in;,',  in  fiilHfanliiil  llriti.ili 
Htyli'.  tiM'Viisli   ii.     'I'liiH  she  liopi'il   to  do  in  mi'  vij;oroin 

CUmi'ili;,'!!, 

{'on;r'ri'«<*  WHS  80  far  cnconrairi'd  n^  to  hI^'ii  iiiiil  adopt  tlic 
T>rrliiralioii  of   Indrpindfiiri' on   tlu'    Uli  of  duly.  l*;ii. 

Kilt  in  liir  midst  ol'tlic  national  I'MiUatii'ii. iiiritT  rroin 

Wadiiiu'toti  aiilioiini'i'd   to  Coiiirfi'rt-  llial  a   liiili-li   lli"t 


"  Al.l.  «   W  »».l.    Ml  \l    I  Ml'    WKI.L 


ftU 


fiiir''  liiiil  tliiu 
li^lUl^     Tiny 

l'r?<iKJiilli'0  to 
!l  llM.l  Ti.nii. 
|iinl. 
II  till'   lli-ili'li 

March.     Til- 

li;jlHli.lU'i'nlll- 

•ii('i'rti'<l  \uili 
n  II  fi'tV  lioiiiN 

!rv  wii-i  till'. 
Ucl  mill  iiriiiy 
oliiiii. 

liiips,  inxpiri'il 
(if  tlit'ir  inili- 

lisiilrrcil  tllill 
lllll'll  tl|il'iHill|L; 

\A  time,  how- 
:i!iliul  Mrlti-li 
1  i»ii "  vii;uriiin 

mill  iiilopt  till' 

•r .Inly.  i:;'i. 

I  ciiiirirr  rriiMi 
I    l!rili-li   I1<"'I 


uimI  iiriiiy  win'  in  Now  York  liurlH.r.  •'  I  «m  ho|M'fnl 
lliiil  tti'  •liiill  ^I't  •'•nil'  I'l  liifiin'tiii'iif"  iM'for*'  tiny  uri'  |M'i>- 
|imi"l  lo  uiiiuk,"  III'  ^M<  TIk'  wIioK'  I'riii.li  fi»r»'«t 
ilixiNtii'litMl  ill  till'  Miiriiitf  of  ImII  Ii*  .\iii«'ri' II,  (lin'dnl 
ni'Vrnilly  III  Ciiiiiiilii,  Cliiirl'itiiii  iiii'l  Nfw  Yor!%.  wu*  imt 
\vn*  thiiii  tifty  tlioiiiiiml  of  till'  Ikmi  Kui-<i|>'iiii  llKli<>)ii{ 
tiiiiti  rial  tliitt  KtiirliMli  pilil  i-oiilit  l)iiy. 

Itowo,  till)  Itriti^li  roiumuiiili'i',  Imnli'il  mi  Lmi;;  l<l.it|i| 
I)  f.irii'  of  iipwiinl  of  twiiiiy  tlioiMnii'l  lunk  iiinl  lllf. 
••  li  ttiM  till'  iiio-il  |M  rf.'it  iiniiy  of  il-«  tlay  in  lli '  woii  I  I'oi* 
e.\|)i'rii'ti<i',  iliTipliiic,  i'i|iti|imi'iit*i  ami  aitilliry  ;  ami  wiiri 
Hii|t|iorii'il  liy  iiion-  tliuii  riinr  liiimliiil  Kliip^  ami  trail-*" 
|HiriM  ill  till'  l»uy,  l»>  tin  i«lii|>'i  ol'  ilu'  lim-  iiml  Iwi'iity 
IViKati'H,  Willi  olIiiT  Piiiiall  vimm-I-i.  Atfiiiii^t  tliii  viwt  iirmu- 
liii'iit  till'  AnnriciiiH  liail  on  tlm  InIhihI  im  ninri'  tlitii 
('i;;;lit  llioiiHiiml  iih'Ii,  imMt  of  tlio:-!!'.  volimti'i'i.s  or  iiiiliti.t; 
mill  tlii'V  lial  Hot  lllf  iiiil  of  iihiiij^li'  platoon  of  fuviilry, 
imr  of  oiu'  "iliip  of  war."* 

ill  T.'  Wiiiliiii.'lon  flit  \m  iitiiio-'t  II 'I'll  of  till'  Itatlalionf 
lie  liatl  tiaimil  ami  wliirli  CoiiKri'i'S  lia'l  onhri'il  to  tlii'ir 
ilooiii  ill  Cmmla.  II''  wroU^  frankly  that  it  woiil.l  In' 
iinpo,<>4ilili'  to  piwi'iil  the  lamliii^'  of  tlm  llriti^li.  ••hiil  wn 
HJiall  iitliinpl  to  liuiui.-i  tlii'iii  ai  nimli  i-h  piK-iilili',  wliiili 
will  It"  all  that,  wc  cim  tlo."  Tninil.iill,  nf  ConncctiiMit, 
wrote  liiin:  "  Kmiwiiii;  our  caU'C  ri;fhl'oii-i  ami  Inistiii;,' 
Heaven  will  Miippi.rt  n-.  I  ilo  not  K''^''i'l>  <li''i"l  «l>'il  ''"'>' 
(Mil  ilo  ii;,'ainHt  iih."  \Va-<liinirtoii  liiemliil  liiu  theolo^'y 
i;,ii;:  "To  trust  alto^'etlier  in  tho  justiee  of  onr  i'iiM*j 
with  lilt  oiir  own  iitnio-it  oxertioiH  woiiiil  he  ti-inptiii;; 
I'mviueiiee."  'I'niiiilnill  inumiliali  ly ninvnu'il  liis"(.'  uin- 
fil  of  Sufoty"  iiml  <  ailed  out  nin  '  iniiv  r.';'iment!4. 

It  is  tolerahly  clear  that  \Vaisliiii','toii  fmi'^'ht  this  liattle 
of  LoiiK  Isliiml  uniler  pn.ti«it.  llin  jml;rniiiit  wa-<  that 
tho   war  sliouW  bo  oarrieil  on  ilefeiHively— lloKl  uctious 

«  lliwi'il',  Vol  l\,  i».  8">. 


^ 


CO 


"  AM.'s  \\\:\.i  rii\T  i:n'i>s  wki.i.. 


uv(mU'.l.  Oilirrs  thou-lil  will.  l.ii...  .lay.  of  ^^•^v^..l■k. 
rou.i>c'llnl  tl.iit  l-oiip  Islau.l  hv  lai.l  wustc,  Nc'W  \  ork 
bunu'd.  iuiil  tla-  annv  ivliiv  In  Ww  I'lislnr.scs  of  tin-   lliul- 


i^Oll. 


Join,  \hin.s  was  a'iaiiist  •' vii'l<liiit,'  Iho  cnn.iy  an  ii.cli 
of  .rroiiiiil."  Coi.^ivss  cail.'d  kn-  ll.f  l.attlc  and  lli.'V  -nt 
it.  ""It  wa^  tl.c  lixi'il  piirpoM-  of  Wasi.ingtuii  to  oiR-y 
implicit ly  (lir  onlcr-'  of  ('oi.,iriv^s.'* 

Just  ti.cn.  (loiu'raKlrcei.i-  IVll  violently  ill  ol  a  "  raf,'mg 
fever,"  uikI  the  loss  of  Lis  se.'viees  was  tl..'  moir  se.'i,..is 
l,eeaiis!>tho  woi-ks  he  (•ominaii.leil  weiv  Im..1I  mi.lcr  l.i=i 
eve  iii.a  1.0  hest  knew  the  environs.  To  Sullivan  his  plaeo 
was  assii?m.(l  :  hut  he  an.!  V-Muam  hhin.lcrea  fearlnlly. 
The  battle,  at  Ihi'  last,  liroved  ii  lna^sa;■l•e  of  our  l.ra\iJ 
Marvlunders,  who  that  .lay  '•  won  their  spurs."  .More  tha.i 
halfthn  loss  fell  upon  Stirliii'/s  eomniand  of  iMarylanil 
and  Delaware  trooi.s— one-roiii(h  on  the  Maryland  re-ii- 
ment  alone.  A  witness  of  their  heroie  but  vain  resistaiiec, 
Washin,'j:ton,  wi'un^r  his  hands,  exclaiming',  "MyUodl 
what  brave  n.en  1  must  this  day  lose." 

The  da;  done,  and  the  battle  lost,  Wadiin.Lfton  w.m  im- 
m..rtal  fanie  by  one  of  the  most  masterly  retreats  ever 
recorded,  saving  his  army  with  all  its  e.piipments  in  the 
face  of  an  overwhelming  Uritish  force,  (leiieral  (ilover, 
with  his  l)rigade  of  mariners  of  Marblehead,  rendered  hero 
invaimiblo  service.  But  they  were  dark  days  in  the  Ameri- 
can can. p.  The  burden  iil)on  the  c(min\ander-in-chief  was 
almost  bevcmd  the  limit  of  human  endurance.  "  Amoni,' 
his  n.ajoi'-generals  there  was  not  one  on  whom  he  could 
fully  rely."  The  army  knew  it ;  distrust  and  dejection  prc- 
viiilcd  ;  "Washington  alone  inspired  conlidcnce. 


Con-n-ess  still   demanded   of   him    impossibilities.     He 
was  expected  to  hold  New  York  :  but.  seeing  that  snob  an 


••Ai,i,"s  wi.i.L  THAT  i;ni'.s  WI'.l.I..*' 


Ill 


1.; 

(if    New  Vnlk. 
stc,   Ni'W  \oyk 

L'Sof    till-     llud- 

cncinv  nil  inch 
i\  iiuil  llu'V  <;<it 
.ngtuii   to  ol)(.'y 

11  of  a  *•  riij,'iiiK 
('  iiinrc  scrii)ii.s 
mill  miller  liirf 
lUivaii  Ills  place 
Icrcil  i'eiirl'iilly. 
re  o£  our  brave 
rs."  iMore  tlum 
1(1  of  iManlantl 
Marvlaiul  re-ji- 
vain  resistance, 
iijr,   "  My  (Soil  I 

lintfton  won  iiii- 
•ly  retreats  ever 
iiiimu'iits  ill  tlio 
(leiieral  (ilover, 
1(1,  rendered  here 
yri  in  the  Anieri- 
idcr-iu-chief  was 
iince.  "  Anionsj; 
whom  ho  could 
11(1  dejection  pre- 
en ce. 


possibilities,     lie 
'ins  that  such  an 


alienu.t  would  be  fatal  to  the  ci.use,  he  Mi-ued  the  nnM|r 
^    nHv,ha,.!.eyyiel,U.din.ini.    -IMiennUshM 

,ilv   and  Wa-hi.c^tou    retired    tu  White    I'la  .,>.  ll^d.t^l._^ 
;     •  1    n.^  nianeiTvering,  and  so  Iu.iu-m..^,  .b  .y.i.^r.  .... 
L^ut  the  enemy.     His  policy  was  Irm.  luUt   ,u„d 
1,;     I,  ^va.  now  far  into  September.     IL.we  had  been 
o'h.ii,.lelaye.l.hatlK.wasc.anp(.ll..l.o|d.nulunh.s^^ 

,„ost  important  pari  of  the  .Minp.i^n  a.onh.el  bv  th 
Hri.ish  n.inistry,Uu.d  l.  lu.d  tVanUy  -'""-;;;.,- 
ac..patches  to  Knuland  the  iur..«.-ity  .^i  Mi.nther  cMmpa.;:.;. 
''"-  LiuuMVa-bin,M(ailud,.w,n.ntndi..edtl,e(lestru(..,(,.. 
,,•  \n..d,lV  L.kelk.etalH.V(san.!..Kdde.l(;nt..stud,.Mnlch 
l.i;  p.m.p.ms  messaj^e  to  (;.m,r(.s,  •■  ..niKMvtreat  .4    ayu- 

;;„„i„,Vu.Meral  Sir  (iuy  Carlcton,  with  Ins  lleet  and  a.mv, 

I'riini  drown  I'oint.  ,      .        . 

Zt  till  darker  days  were  at  hand,  fireene  havn,:  ob- 
tain     the  coveted  Major-denefnrs  coinniissiuii,  lor  which 

"ad  stipulated,  resolved  to  naiintain  his  ii-.w  bono . 
Mt  some  cost,     lie  .p.estioned  and  d.srep.rded  \\a>h.n,tr 

l;;dir(.cti(.n«;-po>i.iv.ord(.rsWVh,n^(m..o^^^^^^ 

i,.n(.,  because  the  C.mjrress.onal    loan     ot  ^^•'    ;;' 
live   he  ti.ial  word,    dreenc  took  the  liberty  to  d.lTe.  ^uU 
AVasl    Won   corresponded  with  the  Board,  expressui^^  lu 

which  he  had  commiind.     Hut  withm  a  week  it  wa.,  sui 
!ic     t      lu.lWitish.wi.livalualdeartille 
:     twentv.sixliundr(.dpris..ncrs...fwh(n,i.>m^lud^w^^^ 
well-traiiu'd   soldiers,      dreeno    never   acknovvledjje.     h.S 
'e  ro 'of  iudsment,"  nor  did  he  mend  his  ways  ;  Cr  three 
defter,  having  nuled  to  carry  out  Washingioust.my 
and  positive  order  to  remove  the  garrison  and  «to  e.  f 
Fort   Lee,  five  thousand   I'.ritish  and   Hessians  surpus...l 
limther.    "Aroused  from  his  bed  by  the   report  of  a 
clt;vinaii.Gi.(.eonler(.dhist..opsunder^a^^^^^^^^ 
took  t(">  tlight.  with  more  than  two  thousand  men.  leaMU, 


(l!| 


ALi-s  \vi:m,  that  i:\iis  \vi;i,i,. 


!■ 


Mnnkcls  iiml  Ii:il;},';iu'»',  pi'i>visi()ii.s,  I'lHir  Iiiiii(lrc'(l  ti'iils 
htiniilinir.  mill  nil  liis  miiiinii,  I'Ncopt  two  twelve  iioimili'iv. 
With  lii.s  iitiiinst  sjK'cd,  lie  hiirely  I'SCiijied  iieiii;;  eiil  dlT. 
AVasliiii<;t(»n,  l»y  11  ni|ml  iimicli  li>  liis  rescue,  covered  the 
retreat  s(i  that  only  a  lew  stnifrglers  were  taken.'' — l>;ni- 
croft.  Vol.  1\,  i».  VM\* 

Notliin;,'  remained  Iml  a  nireat  into  New  Jersey  ami 
the  defenee  of  l'liiladel|iliia,  now  the  eoveted  ohjeot  of 
J'>riti.sli  ainliition. 

WashiiiLitoirs  position  was  inexpressihiy  tryinp  at  tiiis 
juncture.  Not  only  wa,s  he  lianijiered  hy  the  final  word 
of  the  Conjjfressional  Hoard  of  War.  lait  ••lhe  power  lo 
override  tlu'  majority  of  his  ;renerals  liad  not  lu'eii  ex- 
l)lifitly  conferred."  M^  was  oxperted  to  consult  with  and 
1)0  outvoted  hy  men  who  could  do  little  hut  liindei  his 
military  operations. 

John  Adams.  Chairman  of  the  Hoard  of  War,  "wh.lo 
ho  cultivated  conlideiitial  relations  with  Ta'O  and  (iates, 
never  extended  the  same  cordial  frankness  to  Washington, 
never  compi'ehendt'd  his  superior  capacity  for  war,  and 
never  weigliod  his  dillicultios  with  generous  consideration, 
lyioreover.  Congress  was  always  ready  'o  assimie  the  conduct 
of  tlio  campaign  and  to  issue  impracticaldc  resolutions. 
To  (Jatcs  it  intrusted  a  limited  power  of  filling  up  vacan- 
cies as  thoy  occurred  in  his  army  ;  but  it  refused  the  same 
to  Washington,  saying,  "  future  generals  may  make  had 
use  of  it."  Notwithstanding  the  warning  and  entreaties 
of  Washington  after  the  battle  of  Long  Island,  John 
Adams,  groat  man  and  great  patriot  as  ho  was,  with  igno- 


1 

I 


t: 


*  With  incrediljlc  magnanimity,  Wnshington  covorod  also  Orcpne's 
military  n'i)iitati(>n.  He  never  niiljniided  liis  oflicers.  Tli(t  merited 
"  I  told  yim  HO,"  never  escaped  him  ;  thoiiirh,  Ileiiven  known,  it  niii!-,t 
oftentimes  have  lieen  in  his  thnufhts.  The  oilinni  of  Forts  I.ee  nnd 
Washington  fell  upon  him,  and  he  took  it.  It  belonged  fairly  to 
Congress  nnd  ttenor.il  Oreene,  who  from  this  time  trusted  himself 
h'Hs,  and  Washington  more. 


I 


Al.l,'.^    U  I.I.I-  TII.M    l-'^"-'    \\  '"•• 


a 


11(1  red  ((.'iil.s 
(■  |i()iini!i'iN. 
iii^  ('111  (ilT. 
covert il  till' 

;,.|l."_/;,7//- 

■  .Tcrscv  uikI 
(1   ohjeet  of 

,'inp  iit  lliis 
'  tiiiiil  word 
ill'  power  to 
ol  been  e.\- 
ilt  with  iiiid 
liiiulei    lii.s 

iVar,  "wh.lo 
and  (iates, 
iVasliinijtnii, 
or  war,  ami 
iiisideration. 

tllC'OOlldlK't 

resolution.s. 
g  np  vacaii- 
ed  the  same 
y  make  had 
d  entreaties 
-land,  John 
5,  with  igno- 

I  also  Orcpne's 

Th(!  merited 

inowH,  it  niiiht 

TMll't.l   I.CC  1111(1 

lifted  fairly  to 
•listed  himsi.'lf 


nint  l)o!iliie-s  niaintiiined  ami  aimoiiiiivd,  'Mlir  I'.ritish 
force  is  H»  di\ideil,  tiiey  will  do  m>  great  iiialti  r  more  tlii.s 
lUll."  Le.s.s  than  three  week.s  al'ti  rwards,  euine  the  fall  of 
i"ort<  Lee  ami  Wa.shington.* 

Little  knew  or  thoiiglit  tlie  iniiimaiuler-in-ehief,  at 
this  nnuiviil,  tli;'J  any  one  coveted  his  otlire.  "  Sneh 
is  my  situation."  .-aid  "he  privately,  •'thai  il"  1  were  to 
wishliie  liitlercst  enive  loan  enemy  on  this  side  of  the 
grave.  1  should  put  him  in  my  stead,  with  my  ieeiings"'; 
ye!,  at  tiiis  very  time,  lioth  dates  and  Lre.  taking  ad- 
vantage <d"  the  reeeiil.  disasteis.  were  working  a-.-idiioiisly 
upon  Congress,  and  among  tiie  otlieers,  to  aeeoniplish 
iiis  removal,  (iates,  while  in  command  at  Tiennderoga, 
had  tiius  early  .showed  this  spirit  of  rivalry,  declining  to 
make  his  reports  to  the  commander-in-chief,  and  pur- 
p,»ely  coinmnnieating  with  Cniigress,  claiming  that  ho 
and  iiis  coiineil  of  otlieers  "were  in  nothing  inferior  to 
that  of  the  coinmamler-in-cliief." 

Congress  had  snnimoned  iice.  as  far  liaek  as  August, 
from  the  South  (where  he  was  doing  mad  work),  to  join 
Washington,  as,  in  event  of  aeeidvnt,  Lee  wonUl  be  Ids 
.«uc(  t'ssor.  lie  was  now  in  command  on  the  ca.st  side  of 
the  llml.-'ou  Hiver.  Some  hint  of  the  maneuvres  of  these 
two  was  brought  to  Washington's  notice,  yet,  "  neither 
the  neglect,  distrust,  and  interfi'ivnce  of  Congress,  nor 
the  want  of  faithful,  able,  or  oven  competent  subordi- 
nates, nor  the  melting  away  of  liis  army  iiy  short  enlist- 
ment, could  make  him  waver  in  his  i)urpo.se  of  i)ersever- 
anoe  to  the  end.  No  provocation  could  force  from  his 
pon  one  word  of  i)ersonal  ])ctulanec,  or  even  the  momen- 
tary expression  of  u  wish   to  resign."    This  lofty  .spirit 

*  Perilous  ns  wns  the  nutlook.  nt  this  \  .imo  Adnms  nskod  and 
ol)taini'd  leave  of  ahscnce  from  ('onirrcsH.  and  at  liis  home  in  Massa- 
chiiactts  rod'ivfil  tin-  lu'ws  of  the  (lisiiHtei-s  in  New  Jersey  and  the 
removal  of  Congress  to  Ualtiinore. 


.J 


M 


**  Ai.i/s  wr.i.i,  III  AT  i:m>s  w  i;i.i.. 


r^f 


lixr.l  ill  11  M'lviie  lui'Jil  to  \vlii<'li  n<'i>^'  "f  •l"'^'-  ""'''}' ''"' ' 
men  .niiM  «liinl>.  llr  wiis  lU'itluT  flulrd  nor  .U'>|M.ir!.'iit 
Willi  iIk'  vhU  iiiiil  lliiw  «>1'  I  111'  tiilc  ol'  liiillir.  a-  wvw  ilfV. 

III.  sTVi  1  a  cans.,  to  wliirli  ho  had  ^'ivon  all  I'ailh  :  who 
Ht.nvs  hiiniaiiitv  caiiii.^l  I'i.il.  He  w'l'l^'l  "S  *'  in  lii^  .un'at 
'raskinastiT's  oVc,"  aii'l  thus  .■..uhl  alT.-nl   to  hi;  "  i«atH'iit 

tdwanls  all  men."  . 

Thinirs  ccrtainlv  lo..Knl  .l-'siuTati- ;  th.'  I'.nlish  had  1..1- 
li.wcd  \Va~hihLrton  into  New  .Jriwy  in  I'nnr.  As  lu- 
i\w^r<\  th..  I.'arilaii.  hivakin-dnwii  a  imrl  ol'  llif  hnd;r", 
ih..  Americans  eaniionaded  Cnrnwallis"  army  acr..ss  the 
liver.  One  nf  ihe  haltcries  was  served  hy  a  yoiilh  naineil 
Alexander  llamiltoii.  win.  wa^  soon  to  liocomc  rv  oi" 
Wasliin-rt-.n-s  m.lde-t  (■..adjntnrs.  The  AnuTic.in  i'oivo 
was  seaively  three  Ihoiisaml.  //""•'■  ir(i.<  In  hi  hmk  hfj  m- 
visible  liiiiiib  from  nirnr/H-lmiu;/  llir  Ultlr  h"n'l ';/"  /"''V/rs. 
Washiimton,  in  "an^iiiish  even  to  tears"  at  Ihe  desolatioii 
(.f  the  peoplo  of  Nuw  JiTsey  nnder  their  iron  war-hoof, 
i!,i.lressed  I, eo  once  more :  '•  I  iv<iuest.  and  I  enlreat  joii, 
and  this  too  l.\  the  athifv  of  all  the  .uenenil  ollicers  with 
me,  to  mareh  and  join  nic  with  your  whole  force,  with 
all  [lussihle  expedition.  Do  eoine  on— yonr  arrival  without 
delay  may  he  the  meaiiiS  of  preservinj;  a  city.'" 

Lee  had  heen  .snmmonod  a  .lozeii  times  he  fore  to  join 
him,  hut  nuthinf,Mvas  further  from  his  intention^!.  Con- 
ri(-rs  and  letters  reached  him  everyday,  sometimes  two 
a  day.  tellin-,'  of  the  extremity  of  the  situation;  >et  he 
delained  liy  far  th(.  most  ollicient  re-rimeiits  on  the  Hud- 
son and  declined  to  move,  lie  felt  himself  .snllicieiitly 
stroim  to  disre.u-ard  hy  evading'  the  orders  of  ('onjjre.'^s, 
writing;  to  the  (Joveruor  of  Massuchnsetts,  '*  Affairs  apjiear 
in  .so  inii)ortant  a  crisis,  that  I  think  even  the^resolves  of 
C'onjiress  must  no  lon<i;er  weii,di  nicely  with  us." 

The  reputation  of  Lee  was  at  its  zenith  .it  this  time. 
In  Congress  and  the  New  Kn-land  States  '-his  name  was 


I 


th 


0  mvlhical  .=^vnihol  of  ahiiily.  decision,  knowledge  of  war 


k 


I'se  iHiisy  litl! ' 
iir  (U'>|i(tiiiliiit 
as  wi'iv  llii'V. 
ill  liiilli  :  will) 
*•  ill  ills  i;n:it 
()  111)  **  patu'iit 

rilish  IkkI  I'ul- 
I'lini'.  As  III- 
til'  I  he  iiriil;.'!'. 

IIIV  ilClMSS  tin.' 
l  VOIIlll  IlilllK'il 
(.'('OIIU'    <H"    oi' 

.iiK'i'icm    rnrci' 

III  liiirk  hlj  ill- 

hiniil  iif  lirrni'n. 

the  (k'S()liiti(»n 

iron  wiir-liixit", 

T  ciitrriit  i<iu, 

111  ofliccrs  Willi 

ulc  hmw  with 

arrival  wit  limit 

<  before  to  join 
tt'ii!ioii>'.  Coti- 
soiiK'tinu's  (wo 
nation  ;  \(l  lu' 
Is  on  till'  llml- 
^L■lf  .snUicii'iitly 
•s  of  Coiiijtrcss, 
-  AtTairs  ajijioar 
the  rc'si-lves  of 

h  at  this  time. 

'•  his  nanic  \vas 

iiowledgo  of  war 


I 


••ALI.':-   W I.I.I-  THAI'    I:M'-1    ^^ '•'''" 


tf& 


,.,,l  .„,,,.-h"     .\t   Ih"  .liviM.r  of   Fori  \Va.-hn.ut,.n     h>' 
.a:r.l..ruM.ortl,atl...iia,l--..oii,.s,.lU.h..p^^^^^^^^ 

;.,,,,rn,..^w-n.anain.iiaaniiK.itoiuiiowi. 

anu.inl.rof('.ii,Mvs.slu-wr -     our  a,.i.hv  niak.- nr 

„,,1  llM.l  I  th.  powvrs  I  n.nl.l  do  vui,  n.nr li  ;..>.,... 
Muilil  I  li"/  ilirhifrfnroiirimL  Did  ii'-n.^  ol  the  (  ..n- 
■rivs.^  I'vir  ivuil  the  Uoiiiau  history  ?" 
"  Vl  l,.t  I'.rlin-  hiin^cif  (•uu.i"-l^'>l  ''.V  !i>ill".nty  ot  (  nii- 
.,;,.s  ;„  cross  liu.  lIu.lM.n  into  New  .k.rs..y,  lu-  Im^'Mv.l 
:,ill'on  itswostcrn  hank,  a.tcrininr.l  not  to  juin  l-nvs 
;vi:h  Washinp;toiiJmt  to  imprr.s  intu  l.isownnmmr.na 

H  ,,i„,o,vrn.-nls  that  wviv  nuw  hnnu'  InnT.-d   lonvaul. 

„  ,,,ulv  to  Washin-'ton-s  niihl  r.rn.uf  lur  h.s  tura,n.s>, 
,,^.  ,,,„-,  .,„U,  .•  I  shall  rsplain  my  dillHulti.s  wh.n  ^^;• 
,,.„,,  ,,,,U.i;nr,.."     nn.h..l.h.d'l..n.,id.r..-M.v^.- 
,„,,„.   that  SHinvU'r   had    hnrruMl    nnwan    anm  1.  ..lu 
y    ;vno  to  Washington. 'M  shall, in,  n.ys.i;att,.r  h..ad 

U,.n.orrow.-'     Om  tin-  Sth  of   iVrrtnl-rr.  wluU-   tin'  .-..n- 

^,         .in:.-hiofwaspai,dnllyn.t.va.iH.l.i;;.v<u.a,..^ 

Iow.a,nl(^.Mnvallis^vithhisha,.dtnl<d     all.s.a,..d 

„\,l  ,„,f-<.lad  soldi.rs.  weak  and   wnrn  wth    al.^n.  uu 

,U.,v,   !...lK.dthoanda.itytoa>u...nn,vto     .M,,n>s 
ShHutd  no  int.M.tiontoj..iu  ionvsw.th    Nashtti^to,. 

„l.Ma,nassnrcah.isv.ry.M-on,."    Tlu-. •onru.ro 
^,slduto,Mvasvrayin,lorhisa^M.ta.HrwtU.h.p.n,u.^ 
„,,  li,..     Uisnu'ssa-rr  tothofren.-ralwas  Ihath.vnnld 
I    n.i.n  in  so  far -that  ho  wonld  han^;  on  iho  -.u.ny  s 
;' ,ar  and  annuv  tlu-m,"  addh.^Mhal  his  d.v.sum  -  muount.d 

l„  f„„r  thousaiul  nohlr-spiritcd  nuMi.  ,, 

..  Whom  th.  j,..ds  vould  destroy  they  hr>-t  tnako  n.a 
K„„r  davs  after.  Leo  ^vith  a  s.nall  'M.ard  stopped  for  the 
,;,t  at  White's  tavern  near  Hask.nrid^e,  e^h  nnles 
n'mn  his  main  anny.  The  o.uMuy  were  at  the  sate  d,s  a,u. 
of  ei..htoe,i  miles.  "  The  uext  ni.nun,  he  lay  m  hed  .  I 
.,i.,,?.-  look.     On  risin,'.  he  wast.A  two  hours  w.th  W.I- 


kinson,  a  nies 


3sen"er  from  Gates,  in  boasting  of  his  own 


(iU 


*'  AI.I.'S    WKI.I,  THAT    KNItS    Wi:i,l,." 


Lz- 


|in»\vi'j!8  mid  ciivilliiii?  at  {'voryllii'ijr  tltuu-  liy  cllnrj.  I! 
was  li'Ji  u'tlock  liilnrc  lie  .-at  tltiwii  (i»  ln'caKra-i.  al'liT 
wliicli  111'  Inok  tiiiii'  ii>  a  Kitcr  tn  (iatcs  to  indulge  h'n 
^llIl'^ll  lowani-  till'  *fliii't"  in  lliid  wise: 

'•  y\\     Id.AI!    (iAIl-S — 

"Till'  iii;'>'iii(>us  iiiaiHiiMc  <ir  Fort  WaHliiii;,'!^!! 
lias  niiliiii;;i'il  lli*.'  j^'imhIIv  I'aliric  wv  had  liccn  bnildiii;,'. 
'riuT.'  iK'vcr  was  s'>  daninod  a  stroke.  I'liilii'  iimis,  n  cer- 
tain iiiv'A\  man  is  i\m>sI  daninaldy  ti'dicicnt.  lie  has  iliruwn 
ni  •  into  a  .-itiialiim  when'  1  liavc  my  uhoicc  iil'dillicnllif.s  : 
il"  I  slay  ii\  this  pruv  incf  1  risk  niyse'lf  and  my  army  ;  il'  I 
do  not  slay,  liic  jirosiiicc  is  lost  Innvi  r.  'I'drics  arc  in  my 
Ironl,  rear,  and  on  my  Hanks.  In  siiort,  uidcss  .something 
Avliich  I  do  not  c\|!ccl  tnrns  np.  v.c  arc  lost.  *  -k  *  * 
AiHcii,  my  dear  iVicnd.     (ioil  Mess  yon. 

"C11AI1L1.H  Lki:." 

The  paper  which  he  si^rned  was  not  yet  I'oldi'd  when 
Vdkinson.at  the  window,  cricil  ont,  •*  Here  aiv  tlu'  Urilish 
c.ivalry."  Something  he  ilid  not  expect  tnrned  np.  and 
the  cause  was  saved. 

A  young  liritish  oilicer  with  a  seoniing  jiarly  of  thirty 
dragoons  scouring  (lie  vicinity,  learned  of  I.ce's  lodging-s, 
and  made  a  suiKUmi  descent  npon  the  tavern.  The  olVu'cr 
called  i'ur  an  immediate  surrender,  or  the  house  would  i)o 
lircd.  "Within  two  minutes,  he  who  had  made  it  his 
ludjitual  lioast  that  he  would  never  lie  taken  alive,  ,-neakcd 
out  unarmed,  liareheadeil,  in  slippi'rs  and  hlankel-coal.  his 
I'ullar  open,  palu  with  I'ear,  with  the  ahjecL  manner  (d"  a 
coward,  ami  entreated  I  he  dragoons  to  spare  his  life. 
They  seized  him  just  as  he  v,,is.  and  set  him  on  Wilkin- 
son's horsi',  which  shKjil  saddled  at  the  door,  and  in  four 
minutes  tVom  i'le  time  o!"  their  a]iiieai'ancc  they  i)egan 
their  nir.al."* 

*  naiwr.ft,  V..1.  IX,  pnw.s  209,  210. 


H^ 


>\  (illicr.!.  li 
(■al\l"ii«l.  iil'li'i' 
I  imliiluc  liLs 


'CD   l)nililiM<^'. 

I'    IKIIIS,  11  CiT- 

Ic  lias  Ihruwii 
irdilliciillics  : 
ly  iiriiiy  ;  if  1 
rics  ari'  in  my 
'ss  sonictliiii;,' 

j;|_         *  !|<  *  * 

{LJ,s  Li;i;." 

foldi'il  wIk'ii 
IV  Mil'  IJrili.sli 
I'lU'd   lip.  and 

ir(y  i>\'  lliirty 
tr's  l(Klj.nii;,'.s, 
.  The  (.Hirer 
iiso  uuMJd  t»e 

inadt'  il  liis 
iiiivf.  ,-iH'aki'd 
iilsi'l-coai,  his 

iiiaiincr  of  :i 
»aru  Iiis  lifi'. 
n  on  \Vill\in- 
'.  and  in  four 
I'   llu'V  i)cuan 


»•  Ai.i."s  wi:i.i,  THAT  i'.Ni>-<  wr.i.i, 


w 


Tlu-  Urilish  dirliiicd  ('•  nj^'ard  liini  an  a  |.risoiicr, 
ri'l'iiM'd  to  cvi-liiiii^'f  liini.  and  lalMlIrd  liim  ••  dr.scrli  r," 
wii.  ivni-nn  111'  iiro;-M.rd  lu  d>',vi-t  l.aciv  iiilo  llic  llnlidi 
ann\.  and  ollnvd  a  plan  lor  a  I'.riti.di  ulliick  iip'ni  llii) 
.Jcr.rvs  and  capliin'  ol'  IMiiladclpliia.  Wa.liin,i:toii.  witli 
liJH  lilimiliildi'  ma;:naiiiniily,  rtoii;.dil.  lo  iilicniti-  hini.  and 
linally  clUrl.'d  il  I'y  -iviiiu'  x'wral  Hrili>li  ollitvrs  in 
f\(lii"m;;c.  It  uus  ti'lmd  iiiM'sinu'iit.  lie  ai»piars  i';.'aiii 
at  Moninoiilli,  whi'iv  his  tr.axn.  is  nnniistakahly  uniov- 
crt'd;  Ik'  ifi  conrl-niariialcil  and  disapp.ars  IVoin  history. 
Jt  is  iniTi'dililf  tlrit  siu'li  a  cond.ination  of  .|iialilit's  could 
liavc  li.coiiu'  the  iilol  <d"  tlii"  hour  with  so  larjiranil  n'spid- 
a'.l.^  a  faclion,  and  that,  ii  Imivi.'.  Iinni'st.  puritan  patriiit 
like  .John  Adams  conlil  liavc  hestowed  upon  him  a  I'onti- 
deiur  which  In-  withheld  from  Washin^'ton. 

It  wonlil  hv  dillieiill  to  esllnnito  the  };aiii  to  the  Amor- 
iean  cause  hy  ilie  caplnre  of  Lee.     His  I'orees  now  joined 
Wash  ill'-;-!  on,  who.  hy  his  masterly  ni  ineinre.-,  h;id  held  llus 
whole  I'.ritisli  iirmy'at  Lay.  slowly  retrealin?  thf(Mi;.Mi  New 
Jers-v  for  ninety  "mile<. 'delayin;r  nnd  iiara-sin,:,'  the  foe, 
CDveriiei  as  he   eonld    the   terrilied    inhahitants,  jrainint,' 
lime,  ami   trnstin;:  for  the  "t'lirther  protect i<ni  of  mid- 
winter and  impassahle  roads."     Crossing'  tlie  Delaware,  he 
fiecnred   every   l>oal    for   seventy  miles,     (iafes   had  now 
joined  him  with  live  hundred  New  Kn.irliind  men.  led  hy 
'the  valiant   Stark,  who  with  Slirlin.u',  .Mercer.  Sullivan, 
(irccne,  (ilt)vcr,  Knox.  Mnnroc  and  Alexander  llamillon, 
i-enderod  valiiahlo  service  in  >xeciitin<,'  that  superb  stroke, 
the  surprise  of  Trenton  and  tlio  capture  of  the  IIe.<siau 
unny.    The  jdan  included  the  co-operation  of  three  detach- 
ments, crossing'  at  dilTerent  jioints.    The  erne  at  liristid, 
AVasliin^non  earnestly  sidieited  (iates  to  lead,  "  u.sin:,'  the 
lan;j:nap;e  of  entreaty." 

His  own  detachment  lieiran  its  march  at  three  o'clock 
in  theafternoonof  Christmas  day.  and  reached  McConkey's 
J-'errv  in  the  winter  twilij;ht ;  aliigh  wind  dashed  sleet  aud 


uaiamtmim 


rJ 


r^ 


OH 

1) 


••  m.i.'h  «i:i.i,  that  v.np.  wiii- 


„„  n.lu.l.   -Wh..  will   l.a.l   ..^  ..„.'      (.loN.Ts  .m.nmM 


annv   from  1....^'  Isla.ul  to  Ne.w\u,U  att.r  .1.. I.:'"- 

Hi.i.'iHMl  forwiir.l  to  iiiiin  llic  I-ohI.- 


.Iiist  llifii  II  iin  ><*«'n- 

rniiii 

I 


....  n,nu..  unnunnrinj,'  timt  ....  l.^lpcouM  hocxiKrh..!  I.h.... 
H...  troop.  .It  H.-iMol  Soon  ..ftc-r.  Wilk...so,,  ...-.•.w.  u.mI 
,,,,„.,,aalHI..Mn\V>.sl.i..^MoulV.m,(;.M.n.l(.at..H.  I'n.m 
(;,,uT..l«iiit.'s'f'  sii.l\V.isl.i..^rioi.;  •  W  l.-'v  .s  I..- .  <>, 
Lis  w.iy   In  Confliv-H,'  «uia    NVilkii>H«.n.-      <  on.t:.v>s  l.ml 

ivtivult'.l  to  l5iilliii."\T. 

-PI,,  «u,-kwa..HrM,„pl..>l..'.lw.tl.o..tl......        .■aN.'W"l>. 

,i„,„i,,,  ,!.(.  .■l...,u..ts  all  ll.ro.i.ul.  li.at  w.M.  s.n,-mi.il 
^,:i„„..-;i,M.t.  a,,as,,>.t..hi..^'tl..viHu,.yi,,tl.r,May.law.. 
,l,,t  was  lo  tu...  a  ..atini.V  .l..spair  i..l..  I.-P'^  a...l  ;r.M  t.. 

Ulo.....  of  ni^'l.t    wiil.    li..'   .a.lia.ur  of  a   ...w  .l>.y.      l..' 


IJIOO  11    Ol      lllZiii      "■• ,  "•II     .,..1 

niciiiV   8o   iiiloi'pivtrd    .1.  All   oil.     "I  . 


K;lnc.ktl.c.(i.v,t,.vc...,nizo.ll.isaist...,,..sl,...laS.li>. 
Hn<l  from  ti.o  mn^t  ill..strio,.s  vthols  oa.i.c-  p.ais.s  a.  .1 


The  ti.lo  ..f  battl.  t,.n,..l:   fron.  1km,,.'  tl.o  p...v..H-s 

t,,,  ,i,i,ish  „ow  lura,,,.  tl...  p..rs...Hl-a  l.a,..r  soizihI  tli.M.i 

,c.    .vhvatrl  a.,.1  \Vasl,i,..L't.,..  foUow.-l,  I.a.m  ..,^'  Jl.o 

hills  of  >;c.w  Jcrsoy  ^vith  hi.  pha.ito.,,  a.-„,v,  1.nv..,-i.,j; 

„n.l  ho„,c.st.aa.s  .i,..l   village,  to  p.-oto..t  the-  t.rr.hcl 

Zo     ami  .hiMn...  tV.,...  iho  br„tal  soKVuTy;  sweep...,' 

"       po..tl,eo.,e,..y'.tora,i..f.p.u-tiosl,keh.i..    wml.r 

gusts,  e.pt..ri„K,  .r-l-rsing,  or  e....,pell,.„  tl.e.n  to  keep 


i 


MA. 


I  iilt'iijr  liii-,'"' 

'V!*    lIllirilHT'* 

r  till'  ilrl'.at. 

It'll  II  IIIO"*!'!!- 

xpi'i'tfil  rntiii 
1  iin-ivt'd  iiinl 
liiti's.  'KruiM 
islu'!''  '<>i> 
I'onS^iVHrf  liml 

WVAW  WnrK. 

lild.   slnniirnl 

I  lie  ^rv;iy  (l:ivMi 
'.  iiml  ;ril"l  il"' 
I'W  ila.v.     'I'll!' 
H,"  xiiiil    I<"i''l 
init/rniitoM." 
frc-is  pill  ii|Miii 
lull   llowf  mill 
t(.      Not    iiloiic 
itconu'  of  tliirt 
r  liu«  ii.u'i-.  oM 
:iiislic(l  iiMlity, 
lie  pniist's  mill 

II  lil)t'rly  ill  lilt! 

;  tlic  ])iir-'>urs, 
n'w  soizi'il  tliriii 
I,  liiimitiiifj  llii! 
iriiiy.  liDvcriiij; 
ct  Uk'  torritic'd 
liory ;  H\veopiii«» 
ke  til  fill  \viiit«  !• 
I'  tlirin  to  kirp 


4 


^m.rt...M  «..ur/..   II. -''.'„    /-^.•VV.     /V"'^^^  >^"'''-'^"."       "    "^"^     '^i      5|4       *• 


> 


-4  !> 


^^ 


I ' 


I 


I 


••AM,V  wrU.  THAT  t^NP'   W  > » I.. 


6* 


;;::'i„!^::;:':s':it;;':: ::;-- ■■"■'■"'- 


r,..  I     ,m,.l  PI-..V i.i..vlal  t..  111.'  V ^-  lloiml'l"' 

....1  ilu.lr  LMiiiiiiiie  tlTtnl.'^. 


■I'lio    1 


J 


(US 

Iti 


VII.-l7:r,,  1777. 

Tin:  uii'm:  ui:(jimi:nt. 

OV  till-  ni^'lit  of  Sipi.tiilwr  lltli.  \]',t'>,  llw  trim-|t..ilH 
«iiil(i|  iiidi  N'l'H  York  linrliiir,  ltriii;fin;r ''"III  <'iiiui>lu 

(III*  |illl'i>|ri|  |iri-ii||i'|''4  I'l  \'  ;Imm|  l>y  till'  t'Irltli  tli'\  iif  ( 'lll'li'tDll. 
it  UlW  liiiilllitjiil.  iilhl  till  li;:lit  iif  It  full  IliiMill  «il\l'IVil  lllit 
|i|('ii»iiiil  clinii  •*  iiinl  ;{iti  II  hill  ,«lii|i(y.  I'lmii  tlif  how  of 
oui' of  the  hual.'i,  :i,H  .»||(.'  loiiilu'il  i||i>  laiiil,  >|)i'iiii;;  ii  »tui- 
wiirt  i'oriii.  mill  ru"!!!!^  liiHi<ullf  down  with  lii^  face  lo  iho 
I'tirtli,  an  if  to  tinliiat'**  it,  Ik>  rridi  aloinl,  "  <>,  my  <'oiiii- 
Iry"!  It  «ii-  .Mmi-;.'!!)!.  \U<  r(|MniiMl  wiihiiii  ilclav  toiliu 
coiiiruaiiiii  r-iii-i  liii  t'  at  the  Ana  ritati  liiad  i|iiarl>'r,'<.  Ilo 
wax  tt'umily  rwuiwil.  Ili>  iinwuis'il  Waiiliitiyttoii  o(  Uiit  tlo- 
tiTiniiiatioii  111  I'i'liirii  (u  ilu'  >iivi(i'.  at  .simhi  as  li<' coiihl 
he  ivlfiixrd  I'rniu  liin  |i;irii|i',  ami  llu'ii  lii'  wi'iit  hoiii<'»anl 
to  Ahiuitil  anil  tlii<  ciiililriti. 

\ViHliiii;;tnn  |inimiiily  traiismiltiil  to  Conjfriss  liisvirwx 
ami  wislK'si  comuniiiiy  MurLfaii,  in  the  fnllowiiig  UattT : 

•'  IIahi.km   IlKidiiT*,  Hcptiinlu'r  SO,  I770. 

"8in  : — I  woiilil  he:,'  Icavr  to  rccotnimiKl  to  ihi'  particu- 
lar iiiiticc  of  ( 'on;,'riss  Captain  Haiiirl  ^lorpiii,  just  ro- 
tiirni'il  aiMoti^  the  pri.son<.'r.s  from  Canaihi.  Iliri  comliiit 
as  an  oHiirr.  on  the  I'xpcilition  with  (iiiu  nil  Arnold  last 
fall,  his  intrepid  lii'liavim'  in  ihi*  assinlt  upon  (^iiclu'i;, 
wlicii  the  hravo  Moiit^'oiui'i'v  foil,  thi*  iidk'xil'loattaclnmiit 
he  proi'ossi'd  to  our  cause  diirini,'  his  inipri.'ionnii'iit.  and 
which  he  perseveres  in,— all,  in  my  opinion,  entitle  him  to 
the  lavor  of  Con;rres.s.  and   lead  me  to  helieve  that  in  lii< 


Tiir  uirn;  iiminir>(T. 


n 


r. 

ivu  triiii'|tiiri4 
ft'Miii  Ciiiiailii 
\  i>(  Ciii'li'tiiii. 

II  elht'lfil  llu' 

III  the  liow  of 
|*ruii;;  u  ntui- 

IM  flU'l'  ll»  tllU 
(),   IIIV  Clilltl- 

t  ili'liu  tit  I  ho 
|iiiirli'iN.     Ilr 

(III  of  ||i.<(  (U>- 
I  us  III'  I'OllIll 
lit    Imllirwui'il 

TrSS  Ills  \il'\VM 

iiig  k'ttir : 

niM'raO.  l7Tfl. 

(I  till'  inirticii* 
•pill,  Just  ro- 
ll iri  ('i)iiilti('t 
I  Arnold  l;i-t 
ipon  (^iicIk'C, 
loattaciiinciit 

.<!0|ll||l'l|t,  iiihI 

rntUlo  liiiii  to 
t>  tliiil  ill  liU 


|iroiiioiiiiii  flic  Srati-.t  ttill  Kuiii  11  {f'«;i|  itiiit  Viiliiulili'  olllci-i*, 
•    ♦    •    « 

"  I  iiiii,  "ir. 

••  Yoiii'  ^l'r\  liiimMi'  mi'viiht, 

'  •■(t»;i».  NV  \>*iiiN«.Ti»N.'* 

Ill  XiuciiiImt,  Cmiuri"'*  ii«'li'«l  «i|"iii  \Vii»liiii;,'loii%  n»ft- 

P"lio|l    mill    ^.INC   Ililll  11  tolnllt  1%  Comilli.-ioll.      Aliolll   tint 

lH';iiiiiiiii;<  of  llif  \riir  III'  uiM  iM'lmiiX'''l  itn'l  'liri'iliil  ti» 
I'fi'i'iiit  for  liU  n'KiiU'iit.  In  r'''»niiu',v.  Im'  ivitImiI  mi 
iirjjfriit  ximiiiioii^  to  I'l'pori  wiili  nil  iiic-ilili'  ili-|iiili'li  toilio 
iiiiiiii  aniiy,— mill  -liortly  ururwiinli  llic  l'i'llo\Miii:  rliunit- 
tiii.tif  li'ilci-  from  I'iiiriik  IKiiry,  tin-  (Wni'i'iior  ol'Vir- 
^iniii,  ivui'IiimI  liiiii  : 

*•  Willi  nmhiiiuiiii,  Miiri'li  1.1,  I7T7. 

••Hill  :--I  inii*t  mvv  inoic  aildri'^-i  \oii  on  the  iiilijcct  of 
nviivliiii','  your  ri';,'iiuinl  to  join  (1.  lu'iiii  \Vii-liiiiirii>ii. 
'riii'i-i'  if*  a  iiiorc  |Mi!.i|iin;f  iiiMOMiiiy  for  your  aid  than  yoii 
an-  afi|niiiMltd  vviili.  or  lli.m  I  iiiii  wiili  |»ro|irii'ty  i'X|iliiiii 
ill  detail.  You  will,  llifivforf,  Hiiniioiinl  I'vcry  olwta'li". 
and  lo-t'  not  a  iiioiiunt,  lr>r  America  nwivu  invoiind  tliat 
liiiiy  pnnc  fatal. 

••  I  am,  Ar,  iti'., 

'♦  IVvTiin  K  IIi:niiv. 

«•  Colon i;i.  Muuijan." 

.Nforj,'im  pushed  on  at  onec  with  what  foiee  lie  had  cid- 
Ireled,  and  i.y  the  end  of  March  reaeiied  head.iuarter.i  at 
Morristowii.  '  Washi.iKl"'!.  in  tl"-'  nini|mi;,Mi  of  the  pivvi- 
oii!)  yiur,  liiul  sori'ly  MiilTcri'd  from  the  laek  <>!  a  cor|>s  of 
,'«liar|ishiioter.s -iin'ii  of  the  woods  and  lln'  rille  under  ii 
leiidi'r  t.f  iK'iieirutioii  and  sapu'ity,  uitoii  whose  prompt 
jmd  correct  iiilellif^em-f  of  the  enemy's  movements  might 
ollcii  turn  the  tide  of  battle.  He  detailetl  a  force  of  live 
hiindrid  picked  men  from  his  various  i'i';;iiiieiits,  ami  put 


•^•1 


n 


Tin;  Kiii.i;  i!i;(iiMi:N'T. 


M„r.Mii  iii  c.iinMuiul.  As  !i  prool'  of  Mui-fjan's  liiu-  di.s- 
cemm.Ml  of  tliinii.Mcr,  liis  ci^'lit  cai.luiii.s  iipixniilcil  l.y 
liiiii^rir.  ull  ivMilnv.l  \aliial.lc  sri-\icv.  and  iiotwitliMaii.l- 
i„s,Mln'"srvnv  \vM^  t>.  wliidi  llu'V  wi'iv  bill..si'.jiU'Ully  miI)- 
j,rt,.(l,  nut  ..11.^  was  fn:iii.l  want  in-. 

■  Tl.c  <.Tvir..  uiKUi  wlii.li  Mor-un  now  .'ulrml  was  liotli 
,,,,,i.,„,  ,„.d  .laii-.T..i>>.  ii'volvin-  aUnulanl  labor  ai.l 
iiUNi.'tv.  cooliirss  or  ni-liiirss,aronliii-  lollu'  cnirruviicy  ; 
nnalrnr..  iu.l-i.i-Mt.  aiul  uinra-in-  vi-ilaiur.  lie  was 
llu'  watcher,  not  al  me  for  Washinglon's  ninip  at  Mid- 
(llcl.rooU.  l.iit  also  of  llowc'-s  every  ni..veMient,-ol 
wliieli  111'  was  to  -ivo  imnieiliati!  intolli<,'eiiee  to  tlit- 
„,ain  arn.v.  uiul,  will,  liis  rahi;ers,  to  harass,  am.oy  ami 
j„vy  ai.on  the  enemy's  outposts.  lie  pnmd  lumsell 
ii-iiiasler  workman'"  in  (^ery  position  in  wliieli  he  was 

'"Thrmi-h  Howe's  native  imioleme.  his  slu->,'isli  (luelph 
hh,ua,  orthr.muli  want  of  earnestness  in  the  cause  (so 
fhaP'c.l  the  home  niinistrv),  he  had  lost  the  two  l:est  11-rht- 
in-inonths- April  ami  .Mav.  He  had  <lenmnded  of  tho 
niFnislrv  tifleen  thousand  additional  troops,  and  the  oam- 
pmni  oV  i;:r  eoidemplaled  proeisely  what  they  had  failed 
to  aeeoniplish  in  1  r.r.-the  capture  of  the  Hudson  IJivei- 
and  Philadelphia. 

("arleion's  humanity  had  lm)up;lit  him  into  dis;:raee  at 
lu)me.  He  nal  heeii  superseded  hy  lUirgoyne.  who  was 
„nw  approaehiui,'  Ticonderop,,  with  the  expectation  of 
Howe's  eo-oi-eralion  iVoin  helow,  lUil  Howe  e.mld  not 
venture  to  ascend  the  Hudson,  without  lirst  disposinj.'  of 
Washin-xton's  arniv.  It  would  leave  New  Y(.rk  in  perd 
and  expose  iiimsJlf  to  he  penned  ainon^'  the  hi.uhlai.tls 
„f  the  river.  Ho  had  had  Ids  tilt  with  Washinfrton  m  its 
fastnesiies  t lie  year  before,  and  he  had  no  mind  to  repeat 
the  experiment.  He  pndVrred  the  capture  of  the  capital 
of  the  ^oum,'  Ucimhlic,  and  preferred  also  to  approa-h  it 
by  till" 'easy  lowlands  of  New  Jersey,     line  here,  too,  ho 


Tin:  nwi.v.  ki:(iimi:nt. 


1f» 


an's  liiu-  (li.s- 
iilipiiililt'tl  I'.V 
iinlwitli.-lainl- 
ii'i[iK'ntly  ^iil)- 

•ri'il  was  liiitli 
lit  lalmr  iiii'l 
r  ciin'ruiiicy  ; 
ICC.  lie  was 
•amp  ut  Miil- 
iivcmcnt,  —  ul' 
imjiit'c  tit  tliL' 
<s.  aiiiiny  ainl 
irovfd  liiinscll' 
whicli  lie  was 

iiixfifisli  (lut'li>li 
ilic  caiiso  (so 
two  licst  li;;lit- 
mamli'd  ol'  tlio 
,  and  till'  caiii- 
tlicy  liad  I'aiU'tl 
Iludsou  IJiviT 

II to  dispfraci'  ut 
roviu",  will)  was 
c.xiioctation  of 
[owe  could  not 
•st  disiiosin<.'  of 

York  ill  ])eril 
f  the  hiulilaiids 
sliiufrtoii  in  its 

mind  to  repeat 
•e  of  the  ciipilal 
)  to  apjiroaeh  it 
no  here,  too,  he 


must  lirst  dispose  of  Wushin^doii's  army  hefore  ho  could 
venture  to  pui  liie  Delaware  liihiiid  him.  and  so  cut  off 
Ills  retreat  lo  his  ships  in  ca.-e  of  disaster. 

\Va>hinmoii  hail  iini  ei^fht  (housuutl  troops  in  his  entire 
commanil'    1-ut    he   adroitly  disposed    ihem    lo  simulate 
,t  much   lar-cr   numher.     On  the  twelfth  of  .lune,  il..we 
l,;i\iii;r   ,veei\ed  lior.M-.  tents,  stores,  isn''  reiiitoreemehls, 
,nit   Ids  army  of  I'.ritish,  Hessians  and  Anspaelu'rs.  to  the 
numher  (d"  seventeen    thousand,   in    motion.     Iloats   and 
pontoons    for   crossing;   tlie    Delawniv    were   collected    at 
Hrnn^wirk.     lie    hoped    to   dnw    \Vas!iiii-lon    from    his 
forliiied  e.mip  into  a  Held    li;:ht.      11. ■  marched  and  maii- 
ciivretl  and  countermarciied  ;  WasliiiiLrion  kci)t  six  thou- 
sand intrenched   in  camp  ;  with  the  reM.  as   an  army  of 
olmTviitioii,  he    followed   and    watcheih     For   himself  ho 
wa>    ni.Lfht    and  dav  in  the  saddh',  and   every  man   .slept 
upon    hiri  arms.     Uowe  threw  up  fortilieatioiis   near   the 
American  camp,  and  challen;j;ed  attack.     It  was  not  ac- 
cept cil. 

While  the  armies  thus  conl'rimted,  Conpress  adopted  the 
])resent  national  lla;.'  of  thirteen  stripes,  with  stars,  on  a 
Held  of  hlue  They  also  fretted  and  chafed  at  the  inac- 
tivity (d'  the  ainiy".  While  Washiu^don,  with  matchless 
liriuieiu-e,  was  saving,'  the  cause,  when  to  liave  crossed 
the  river  with  his  small  and  ill-provided  force  was  just 
what  Hove  de-ired,  one  of  his  <;eneral  otticers  wrote, 
'•  We  must  tijiht  or  lose  our  honor";  and  Samuel  Adams 
said.  "  1  am  not  over-well  pleased  with  what  is  called  the 
Fahian  war  in  America."  Washinjrton  heard  it,  l)nt  he 
heeded  it  not;  and,  with  nndisturhed  self-possession,  con- 
tinued to  hold  in  cheek  an<l  hatHe  mi  onomy  of  more  than 
twice  his  numhers.  Howe  marched  a.irain  to  Brunswick, 
fei<jnin<r  still  an  intention  to  cross  Xew  Jersey,  closely 
ohrerveri  l)y  Washington.  Uallled  and  ont-maneuvrod, 
on  the  twentieth,  to  the  joy  and  relief  of  the  whole  State, 
the  entire  British  force  was  in  retreat  for  Amhoy.     On 


i>^»a!«tfv<egK'.'i'Hag?sa8ettggs 


-a> 


;4 


TllK    UII'l.i:    KKiilMKNI'. 


this  retreat  Mor-;iiii  f:ri':it!y  disliii<;uislu'a  iumself.  Wasli- 
ingtoii  liail  planiu'd  a  joint  iitta<-k  by  Snll'viiii,  Maxwell 
uiul  CJreeiic,  intweeii  lininswiek  and  Aiiilx.y.  Sullivan 
arrived  too  late  ;  Maxwell  did  tint  reeeive  the  order  sent 
him  ;  (Ireene  was  on  liaud.  hut  plaeetl  his  battery  of  heavy 
iruns'ut  a  point  too  distant  to  be  etl'eetive.  15ut  at  I'iseiit- 
away,  .Mor;,'an  and  bis  riileineii  attacked  the  eoliiinn  of 
Corn'wailis^s.i  tiereely  and  i.eisistenlly  tliat  llnwe  was 
h.reed  to  order  up  heavy  artillery,  before  he  eould  rid 
liirt  ihudxs  of  their  iinerrini,'  rille-balls  and  proeev.l  upon 

bis  ret n  at.  .  ,     ,     • 

The  American  olliecrs  were  generally  jubilant,  deelarnifj 
that  the  British  were  panie-struek.     Wasbin^'lon  did  not 
share  in  this  ..pinion,  but  so  far  yielded  to  tbeir  wishes  a3 
to  come   down   from   the   hei-blrf  with  his  mam  army. 
Stirliii"  with  one  division  pushed  ahead.     Howe  immedi- 
ately cmieeivcd  the  idea  of  -etlin-  into  their  rear.    Hastily 
reealliii'^   his  (iermaii    battalions   \\>ii(li    bad   crossed    to 
Stateii  Island,  he  made  a  swift  mareb  in  two  eulumns,  by 
diiferent   routes.     On    the    ni-bt  of    the    twenly-sixlh, 
C.rnwallis   overtook    Stirlin;:,  who  tired   oiiee   and    led, 
leavin'.-  three  pieces  of  his  artiUery.-brass  three-pounders, 
but  rt'centlv  arrived  from  France.     The  .Nmencans  lost 
more  than  a  hundred  killed   an.l  ,.risoners  ;  tho  lhili>h 
less.      The  other  column   under  Howe,  who  hud   aimed 
for  Washington's  division  to  which  Morgan  was  attaclu-d, 
accomplished  nothing;  they  had  retired  pr.mij.tly  to  the 
heights  of  M'.ddlebrook.  ,      .     ,  n      m  ■ 

The  British  again  turned  towards  Ariboy.  Un  this 
retreat  also  Morgan  overtook  Cornwallis'  division.  an(l 
followed  it  as  far  as  l?ahway,  keeping  up  u  continiKil 
Kkirmi>h  u].on  his  ilanks  and  rear,  killing  and  wounding 
a  lar-rc  number.  Xever  once  had  he  or  bis  party  sutlered 
a  suiTrise,  or  failed  to  accomplish  what  they  were  expected 

*^  Washington,  in  his  reports  to  Congress,  made  honorable 


I- 


TllK   KIFI.i:    KKOIMKNT. 


W 


msolf.  Wiisli- 
1'. villi,  Maxwell 
Ihiv.  Sullivan 
tlic  (iiiUt  SOllt 
uttiTV  oi"  heavy 

i'ul  at  I'iscat- 
lie  cnlumii  of 
lilt     Il'iWf   WHS 

lie   '.mild    liil 

I  jinicc-l  ipion 

ilant,  (Iccliiriiiff 
iiiLTlon  dill  nut 

tlioir  wislu's  as 
lis  main  army. 

Howe  immi'di- 
r  rt'iir.  Hastily 
had  crn-si'd  to 
wo  CnllllllllS,  hy 

>  twenty-sixth, 
once  and  lied, 
Ihree-iiounders, 
^Nmcricii'is  lost 
Ts  ;  llio  Hritish 
vho  hud  aimed 

II  was  attached, 
in-omptly  to  the 

:il)oy.  On  this 
is'  division,  and 
tip  u  oontinual 
'/^  and  wounding 
is  party  sulTered 
ey  were  expected 

made  honorable 


meiiti.m  of  them,  Hpecmlly  m.ling  that  •' they  .•.mstantly 
advanced  upon  an  enemy  far  superior  to  them  in  iiiim'o.  rs 
and    well    ^eiMired."      Wayne  also  shared    llus  lioiiorahlo 

liieiilioii. 

On   tin-  :K)th   of    .June,  llowo  cviicualed  JSew  .ler.sey, 

never  a-ain,  as  it  proved,  to  put  foot  mion  its  soil. 


ammmii.jutmmmii:''' 


VTIl.-^lTTV. 


FALL  OF  TK'UiNDHROGA, 

1)HILAl)KLril[A  once  didiv  bifiillud  freely,  nil  (I 
vonluretl  t(»  ol.sirve  the  liivt  iiiuiiverMiry  of  iiide- 
K'ntlciiee  \vitli(leiii.iii.strati()iis  riillier  muiv  jiil>il;iiit  than 
if  ils  cilizuns  liiid  known  tlio  oahiniity  that  was  on  that 
day  iMipeMdin-,'  over  tlie  iit)rtheni  army.  A  week  after,  iho 
lidhi;,'.s  fell  like  a  sound  of  doom  over  the  land.  On  the 
5lli  of  July  fell  Tit'Oiidero^m,  and  the  nc.rthern  gales  of 
the  Heiiiihfie  were  in  the  hands  of  Hurooyne. 

Washin;;t(.n  dared  not  move  nidil  he  eoidd  penetrate 
Howe's  plans  of  summer  campaifin.  It  would  he  either  to 
ascend  the  river  and  co-operate  with  I'.iiruoyne,  or.  perhaps, 
to  make  another  attack  on  Philadelphia.  In  the  latter 
case,  he  mi^ht  niareli  across  New  Jersey  as  hefore.  or  em- 
hark  cm  thiTlleet  of  Admiral  Howe  and  hy  sea  ascend  the 
Delaware,  or  enter  the  Chesapeake  Hay.  disc mhark  at  its 
head,  and  ai)proaeh  the  city  hy  land.  It  w.is  harily  possi- 
ble that  he  might  contemplate  an  expedition  still  further  ; 
this  last  was  not  pro. .able  at  ,so  advanced  a  season. 

Fortunately  for  the  American  ciiu.se.  Howe  could  not 
rid  himself  of  the  ambition  or  delusion  that  the  capture 
of  I'hiUulelphia  was  of  the  highest  military  importance. 
Besides,  he  wa^  irritated  at  being  out-generaled  in  Ne\v 
Jer.sey,  and  stirred  with  envy  at  the  splen<lid  success  of 
Burgoyne,  he  resolved  to  let  him  f<n'  the  iiresent  ca.'ve  :  :.- 
owiribrtunes  on  the  Hudson.  Ik  embarked  his  army  ;  nd 
stood  out  to  sea. 

Washington  ordered  a  strict  watch  along  the  coa^t. 


FAI,r.  OK  TirONDKIlOdA. 


V 


(1    freely,  rrnd 
ivMi'v  <•!'    iiiiie- 

jiiliilaiit  lliiin 
it  \V!is  on   tliiit 

Week  after,  the 

latitl.  On  the 
•tlieni  gates  of 
le. 

onld  jicnetrato 
;iUl  l)c  either  to 
lie,  or.  perhiips, 
In  tlie  hitter 
^  lieforo.  or  oin- 
•  sea  ascend  the 
i.'unhark  at  its 

as  harely  possi- 
m  still  further ; 

season . 

lowe  could  not 
hat  the  cai>t!iro 
ary  iniportanci". 
leraled  in  Now 
ndid  success  of 
resent  ca.'vo  iiis 
ed  his  army  ;  ticl 

on"  the  coast. 


After  some  davs,  the  British  Hoot  was  seen  at  the  mftulh 

of  111.'  Delaware.  Still  Washiii^Mon  did  not  move— it  !ni;.dit 
he  only  a  maneiiviv.  The  llert  disippeare.!  lor  several 
day:^;  Wasldn-ilon  siill  liioii-ht  lluue  wouM  lelurn  and 
jro  up  the  iluiUou.  The  eonimainK  r-in-eliief  could  not 
rid  himself  of  this  ni/mion,  hecaiise  it  wouhl  hnve  heen 
Howe's  hij^l-est  wisdom  to  do  so.  A  week  later,  the  lleet 
suileU  into  Chesaiieakc  15ay,aml,  no  l..ii-cr  in  douht,\Va>h- 
iii"t:Mi  jiiit  his  aniiv  in  motion,  and  ordered  the  mililia  ot 
IVnnsyhaiiia,   Delauare,  Maryland  and  Vir},'inia  to  join 

liini. 

The  conduct  of  the  northern  campni.irn  was  e<|ually 
\Vashiii;,'ton"s  care  at  this  liiiie  with  thai  of  his  own.  Dis- 
cord ami  disorder  lei-iucd  tlaiv  alike,  to  the  dis.'omliiurc 
„f  patriots  and  the  peril  of  the  cause.  Th  intri-uesol 
dates  had  prevailed  w  iih  Coii^rress.  and  they  lia.l  api.omted 
liim  (o  supersede  Scliuvler  in  command  .d'  the  nortluTii 
deimrtment.  (Jutes' aml.il ion  was  pricked  hy  lus  taiui'V 
iMlhu.uce.  •'  As  vour  sou  and  heir,"  wrole  his  only  flnl.l, 
'•I  entreat  you  m.t  to  tarni.h  the  honor  of  your  lamily. 
His  uneasy  and  amhitious  wife  ud.ls  :  ■•  H'  v,,,  -.ve  up  one 
iota,  and  condescend  to  ho  adjutant-general    ■  Miaylorgue, 

but  will  never  forp^t  it."  ,     ,       ,•     i       i 

'Phe  old  patriot.  Scliuvler,  was  willing  to  he  displacee 
hy  a  man  of  svipmor  ahility.  hut  not  hy  this  vain  and 
h'uu'M-v  place-seeker,  whom  he  rightly  estimated. 

Schuvlcr  repaired  to  Congress,  and  in  person  appea  ec 
from  tliis  decision  of  the  Board  of  War.  After  protracted 
debate,  lie  was  reinstat-'d  just  in  time  to  share  the  o.luim 
with  St.  C'iaii  of  the  tall  of  4'iconderoga,  and  most  aus- 
picii.nsly  for  (Jates,  who  thus  escaped  all  responsibility  tor 
the  disaster.  During  his  te.nporary  .■onimand  at  the  nort  h 
Gates,  whoso  treachery  against  the  co.>!mandei-in-eluet 
was  maturing,  used  every  eiV  rt  h.  divert  reinfoi-eements 
from  Washington's  army  to  Ins  own.  Writing  to  H^uicock, 
ho  says:  -I  foresee  the  worst  of  cunsciueiices  xrom  too 


II 


m 


I'M. I,  Of    111  tiNDKIlOOA. 


Ijriuat  u  proporli.ii  ol'  ili"  imiin  tinny  h.-iup  tlniwn  iiiln  tlio 
TlciwyM.  Hoi|inHt  ('(.nurcs^  in  my  mmu'.  to  onh-r  two 
tn„,l.Hot'  lidiw  lo  All»iin>."     It  WHS  (lone. 

Wusliinjilon  llion^'lil  thai,  (lutes  tilimil. I  niako  his  i-(m|Ui- 
HftioiLs  diiCctiy  to  him.  »r  n\  Ia>{  liirnish  liim  tMlni.UmU- ; 
l.ut  (iiitcs  inVist.'il  upon  .U:ilin-i-  immi'diiitrly  wilh  Coii- 
j;iv«s,  on  the  i)li'!i  tiiiit  it  iv(iunv(l  less  writ  in.;,',  lie  sneer- 
Tnjfly  remarke.!  toil  nieml.er  of  Conirivss,  "  I  am  not  in- 
|\rled  witli  a  rnnivthi^  srribnuli:  wm  serviceulile  action 
without  doors  is  w(.rth  all  that  hart  l)een  wrote  Mnco  the 
heurinuin;,'  of  the  war."  In  a  letter  to  Lovell,  a  Now 
Kir'land  meniher  of  ('onj;res>,  ho  rohearsos  Jiis  complaints 
a-ahist  "(lec.rire  Washington."  nririii.u'  that  Con^rress 
shonld  intervene  because  '•  (lenerals  were  like  parsons,  all 
for  christcninjr  their  own  child  first."  ♦ 

In  thoso  puerile  innuendoes  apiinsi  i>.  spirit  ton  lofty  to 
onterluin  such  sentiments,  dates  lays  bare  his  own  heart, 
with  its  fuvious  self-peeking,  without  an  olonienl  of  patri- 
olisiiv,  or  a  seru|.le  lor  the  consecjuences  to  the  causo. 

Wasliii-.trton  did  not  share  the  iiaiiic  with  regard  to  tho 
advance  of  lUirgoyiw  into  tho  wilderness  of  upper  Now 
York  ;  ho  rathor  hailed  it.  His  prophetic  ibrocast  antici- 
pated tho  disastrous  termination  of  the  invasion.  Bur- 
■royne's  armv  was  less  than  eight  thousan<l.  Ho  wrote 
vneouragingly  to  Schuyler,  bid.ling  him  '■  never  despair"; 
explaining  tliat  Burgoyne  must  necessarily  leave  adecpiate 
g;irris(>ns  at  every  post  in  his  rear,  which  would  he  eon- 
linually  menaced  by  the  militia  of  New  York  and  Ver- 
mont :tha^  the  immense  labor  of  cutting  now  roads  and 
dragging  artillery  and  supplies  througli  siudi  a  wilderness, 
would  Exhaust  lind  delay  their  movenuMit.s  :  that  the  har- 
vests «vre  now  gathered,  and  tlie  brave  yeomanry  of  New 
York  and  New  England  would  flock  to  reinforce  liis  army, 
eager  to  avengv-  the  shocking  barliarities  of  Burgoyne's 
Indiau  allies.  Yet  at  tins  time,  '^  peridexod  in  the  ex- 
*  Bnneroft,  Vol.  IX. 


FAI.I.  <»!■•  TIl(»NI)i;iiOi.  \. 


W 


niwn  iiiln  tlio 
III  (inli'i'   l\v«) 

lUt"  liis  rc(|ui- 
II 11  itii|iliniU- ; 
fly  will)  Coii- 

jr,        lie  SlU'lT- 

I  mil  lint   iii- 

(Tllltlc     lUtillll 

lute  .since  tlie 
lovi'll,  u  Now 
lis  c'diiijilaints 
Hint  ('<iii;.fn'ss 
kc  paomis,  all 

I'it  too  Idl'ty  ti> 
lis  oAvii  iit'uri, 
iiu'iit  (if  jiutri- 

lio  flUISO. 

I  rcfiaril  to  tho 
(if  uiijier  New 
brt'cast  antici- 
iivasion.    Biii- 

(1.        Ilo    WflltC 

lover  dfi^puir"'; 
loavo  a<l('(iiiato 
iVduld  1)0  con- 
rork  and  V'er- 
uow  roads  and 
li  a  wilderness, 
:  tlnif  tlie  har- 
mianryof  New 
force  li is  army, 
of  liur^oyne's 
icd  in  the  ex- 


iren.c  -  Lv  noW( -k  nnnicuvrc.-Nvith  ll.e  wl.olc  c.>n^t  from 
N..wYork  to  Maryland  threatened  :  .ntnati.s  lor  nm. 
,;.,,.,,.H..san.l  supplies  n.n.i...c(lio,,..,u;.yM^^^^ 

rroin  Scl.nylcf.  front  the  Conned  ol  New  ^o  K.  I     •    •' 

,„„H;„„„:,,u.ur  Morris.     SehuyW  was  ternllcd  o  ,i  ol     1 

.  ,„i  •  Wa^hinj^'ton  Kent  Art.old  the  fearless,  and  Lincoln. 

aspi.larwi.htl.eKu.teni.nditia      neS(.ntaNo^ 

hi.«wil..ssa.,.hlis(M.ndl.u,v,(;i..ver(.r  Mas-aehns(:t... 

;;;rhi.  liuelM.ip..le(.fton,,..e.dal.     and.r..e    oU^ 

(i.,„.n,ors  of  the  Kaslern  Sttiten  nr^.n^  then,  lo  lia>  e,  on 

eir.nili.ia.     Thi-.,s  went  as  NN^isl.in,t(.n  ha-l  pn.dic  ed 

li,n v.u-  an.iv,  supplied  frotn  Ca.iada.  h.-a.i  lo  ^utTe 

;.,        Thev '...-.saved    to  seize  the   A.ner.cun   stores  at 

l.„n:nn.to.i,  but  Stark   re,.nls..|  the.n  and  won  the.r  a 

ndi(lvietoi-vandendnnn,f:n..e.     .Mioilur  e.xped.  to. 

|.asi,nilarpniTose,in.heM..hawkVall(.,wasre,m^^^ 

,„ar  F„rt  Stanwix  l.y  Ihe  h.-ave  yeo.nanry  of  that  valley 

nnder  Herkimer,  who  fell  in  Ihe  eonlliet. 

",,,...  were  iiTelrievahly  heavy  blows  for  the  army  of 
Hnr,oyt.e.     .Inst  aHer  these  important  victories,  (  onjrn^ 
a-^ain  snperseded  Schnyler  hy  the  uppo...lment  of  (.mK'H. 
"rM  st  auspieiouslv  for  dales."  say.  hvint:.  ;ut    Ins  pro- 
.1,"  n,   „,on  ent.  wl.e..  everylhin,  was  ready  for  the  ..cklo 
,,;,„t  Into  the  harvest,  (kmentl  (Jatcs  arr.v(.   „.  (.amp 
and  r.Me.va  Hchuvler  .  f  hi.  command,  so  lot-  the  ohjec 
f   Ids   a.pu-atio,^.  if  not   i.itrignes."     dates  cont.tmoc 
IH.  de.nand    f.n-  .vinfofccnenls.   a.id   Consn.s,  agamst 
Wisld.Um',st^dviee,  who  warned  thotn  that  Nevv  Jersey 
and  I'ennsvlvania  tn.o,,s  we.-e  needed  at  home  to  repel 
HowJ.  srantc.l  hi.n  full  powcs  to  call  on  thos*.  States. 

Last  and  heaviest  lo.8  of  all  to  the  c,m.mander-ui-eh,ef 
Congress  directed  him  to  dispatch  Morgan  -d  1^.  Pjc^ 
linjxade.  .elected  from  his  best  regin.cnts,  to  a.s,»t  dates 

^'^:^.;hh.^;m  lyed  .o  pvomptly  that  the  ordcv  may 
ijeeni  to  have  been  his  own. ' 


iib«s*s.>#^' 


m 


I'AI.L   Ol'  ill  ONI»KUO(».V. 


".!'Y/'/V  1(1,  17;7. 
'•  (S'/V;  —  AfltT  ymi  receive  tliis,  yuii  will  innreli  as  mmih 
IM  pos'ilile  wiili  III"  !'!!!'j,'H  iiiiiU  I'  MMir  (nMiiiiaiiil  tu  I'eeks- 
kill,  win  re  ve.'Sels  will  lie  pinv  idetl  to  lake  ym  to  Alliaiiv. 
'I'lu' ap|ir'niieli  (if  the  enemy  lia-t  made  fiirtlier  reiiiforce- 
mc'iits  nt'ccsiiury,  ami  I  know  t»f  ikkmu'iis  so  likely  to  elieek 
t!;eir  pro;ri'OH,-<  ill  prnporiiitii  tn  ils  niimlier  as  tliat  iimler 
your  coiiiinaiKl. 

"  1  liavo  ymit  (U'peiKK'iii  (•  on  yon.  ymir  ollieeix  and 
your  men,  and  i  am  per-uaded  yon  will  ilo  honor  ioyour- 
ht'ivo.s  and  essential  service  to  yonr  rouiiiry,  etc.,  etc. 
"  I  am  your  ohcdiciit  servant, 

♦•(«i:<)it(iK  Was!iin(itov." 
"  Colon i:i,  Moiiuw." 


To  (ieneral  dates,  Wasliin!,'lon  wrote:  "I  have  <li.><- 
])atclied  Colonel  Morj,'an  with  his  rillemen  to  your  assist- 
ance, and  e\pe 't  they  will  he  with  you  in  ii;jht  or  ten 
dayy  from  Ihi.-:  date.  This  corjirf  1  iuivc  <,'renf,  dependenci' 
on,  and  have  no  douI)t  hut  tlicy  will  lie  cxeeedin;j;ly  useltil 
t(t  you  ;  as  a  check  {iiveii  to  the  savajies  iind  kcepinji  them 
within  houmls,  will  prevent  (ieiu'ral  Hurifoyuo  from  j,'et- 
tiuf,'  iiitelli;,fence  as  rornicrly,"  etc.,  cic. 

To  (ieneral  Putnam  he  wi'ote  :  "The  people  ol"  the 
Northern  army  seem  so  inlimiilaled.  by  llio  Indians  that  I 
have  determined  to  sem^  up  Colonel  Mor;iaii\s  corps.  You 
will  pleas(i  Iiavo  sloopn  ready  at  Pcekskdl  to  transport 
iltem,  and  proviwions  laid  iu,  that  they  nuiy  not  wait  a 
moment." 

Ta  (Jovernor  Clinton:  *•  I  am  forwanlinf?  as  fast  as 
possililc  Colonel  Mor;,'an',s  corps  of  rillemen,  amount  in,',' 
to  about  five  hundred.  These  arc  all  chosen  men,  selected 
from  the  army  at  larjje,  well  acfuuiinted  with  t!ie  ritlo 
and  with  that  mode  of  fif,ditin<,'  which  is  necessary  to  make 
them  a  jirood  counterpoise  to  the  savages.  /  cxperf  tho. 
most  eminent  services  from  them,  and  I  shall  bo  mistaken 


'■i.Ht  US,  17: T. 

lal'cll  IIM  MMlll 
IIhI    tl)    I'cck-*- 

III  III  Alliiiiiv. 
nr  ninrorci'- 
ktlv  to  cluck 
l^  tllllt    iiihIi'I- 

nllicCI'S    1111(1 

iiinr  ;<)  yoiir- 
■Ic,  etc. 

iltlNllTOy." 


"  I  Imvo  (lin- 

0  voiir  iissis(- 
lipjlit  or  ten 

it.  (It'lltllllulU'l' 

'(liiiuly  iiscliil 
ki't'piii;;'  (litiii 
lie  from  ;,'el- 

ii'o|ilc  ul'  llu' 
liiiliiins  tliiit  1 
i  corps.  You 
to  Inmspnrfc 
ly  nut  wait  a 

u<^  n»  fast  aH 
II,  anioimiiii,'^ 
men,  solt'otcd 
ivitli  t!u'  ritlu 
ssiiry  to  iiiako 
/  expert  tlio. 

1  be  mistaken 


I  All.  <»l'  TH'«»Mti:il»>ti.\. 

i,  „„i,-  |.r...i.."  'l- f"  '"'■  '"""'■'''  I'""''"'""  " 

,,::':i..::';:;..v  ">'«'^i -^-^^r,;:::: 

1  I,  ic'tuu  aii.l  l-r.  Sianwix],  ihr  army,  .uu  .;!  I. 
i;:;;:';;;.Uc  pauic-.tn.ck  .,  ,l.cln..ia..a.ul,hHrJo.y 
aM.l('aii.i.liana..assin.  in  li.'li:.!.  <lic,-MM. 

At  Mlmi.v  Moi-an  Ibun.l  al.tt.f  fron.  <.an'>.    ^l"  ^''- 
i,,^,i    ,!^.a.i4ac,ionattlK.pn.pcc.or,vcc,v.n,i^^^ 

;;:lrlrl.oonl.cavmy,an.llK.wasto,.cc.vc<.r.U^^^^ 

J    Hc,    in.l....s..,Mi.lionott! liccrsn    tl.canuy. 

T.      .ucl  proves  .liat   lie  .a.  cp.ally  as  good  a  countc - 
'l;l^l,el.estaii.ll.nuc.-tolM5.ir,..yuo'.  lW.t.,,h 

lles.siun  ollkciv,  a.s  to  In.f  savage  ulhc^j. 


a.ij  liiii  <iiiii'*rr'^'T"^'"-''-- ■''*■•'' 


IX.— 177T. 
IJATTLK  OF    nUANDVWINK. 

BUT  liHW  fiiri'il  \Vii-liii);:i«>ii,  wiiln'iii  ilicf.|oHl  liniri* 
unit  >lr..ii;.'   hail. I.-'   lii'   liiul   miiI    In  (liiU-?     Hi'foiv 
him  was  aiiuilicr  llild  I'ikIi'  "'<'»  <>>.  nvlii'liiiin^i  ••d.ls,  U) 
HUM-   (lio   city  I'l"   l»liila(l.l|iliia.      'I'lu'   War    Huunls   <tiio 
vv(.iil<I  lliiiik,'iiii;,'lil    by  tlii-i  liiiu-  li.ivc  tli«i-sU<l  tlif  .rior 
t)!'  \a>\\<^  Mi.ikI  and  New  V.»rk,     Kill  tlir  ..>m'  xpirit  .-till 
atheiitiinMl  to  tlimi  milihiry  iiiruirs.     .Joliii  Atlimi-  wr<»|i.8 
"Wi'dliiiU  rake  and  srapo  oiinii;;li  In  d"  IIowi'm  luisi- 
iifss;    till'  conliiu'iital  army  umU'r  Wa-liiii^'l(.n    \a   vunv 
numintiia  liy  several  lli.m-andH  tiaiii  lloweV  winde  force ; 
tliooiK'iiiy  Ki\t'  ""l  that  they  arc  ei;;lile.".,  tlioii.sanr|  .>lriin;,', 
lait  we  know  lu'tter,  and  that  lliey  liave  not  ten  tliousand. 
Washint,'ton  i.-i  very  prudent  ;    I  f^liunld  put,  nion    to  risk 
were  I  in  his  whoes,  hut  |)erhaps  lu' is  ri^rhl.     (iansevoorl 
|at  Slanwix)  lias  proved  thai   it   is  possihle  to  h<M  a  post, 
and  Stark  [at,  Heuninfjlon  |.  thai   it   is  praetiiahle  even  to 
attack  lines  and  posts  with  militia.     I  wish  the  continen- 
tal iirniy  would  prove  tlmt  anything  can  he  done.     I  aoi 
weary  with  so  niueh   in-ipidity  ;     I   am  niek  of   Fubiau 
Hv.stems.     My  toast  is,  u  short  and  violent  war."* 
'  Now  ueeording  to  returns  in  the  Hritish  l)ei)artnient  of 
States,   Howe's  army  numbered  nineteen    tlnmsand   live 
luin<lred  ell'eetive  men,  besides  otlieers.      Both  oilieers  and 
men  were  soldiers  by  profession,  Keleeted   from  Iho  he.>t 
of  the  Hriti.<h  empire,  ami  the  liest  of  the  warlike  rare  of 
llosse,  i)erfeetly  equipped.     WasiiiM,uton'ij  etTeetive  foree, 
«  ll^».roft.  Vol.  IX. 


HATtl.r.  0¥  Mll\SI»NWIKK. 


¥A 


im:. 

ic  hloiit  lii'iiri<i 
aiv'f  lU'l'tu'c 
iiiilijt  iidd.x,  lu 
•  Huul'dr*.  tilK' 
•sUd    the  rl'lor 

lUw  xpirit  ^till 
H  wliitli'  force ; 

tl'l)  tlioiistlliil. 

t,  iiuM'i    to  risk 

.       (iilMSl'VOOrl 

to  hold  a  post, 
iciiMi'  even  to 
I  the  eoiilinert- 
I'  done.  I  iiirt 
iek  id"  Fubian 
nir."* 
I)(>|iartiueiit  of 

tliousaiid  live 
)tli  ollicers  and 

friiiii  tlio  be.>t 
warlike  race  of 
ell'eetive  foroo, 


uu'\nAm  '«>'l""i  «'"»  ^"«'>'iteers  wiw  I.'.k  tl.uiv  twelve 

tlloiiMaiid.  ....        .  .1 

.•I'onmv-  never  exiMted  more  rmni  \Nu.hinut.m.  >«»d 

nexerCUNe  lull.  I...  MipinTt  ;    »mt   he  ind.d^ed  HI  imeom- 

„lui»t.  iH'urihf^  l..in<eir  >viil.  .iKvkt.ev.andd.K«'i'v.'>">'|'r 

l,pr,-ltinL'   III.'   ol..dirnee    and    re..|>*-'t    llMt    VN-re   due   1| 

•XMe.  a.  1...  eiul   >n,.,.nor.     Vhu.  he  tired  ou,  ev. 

ton^.e-  «ml  udver. rtune.  a.el   MXed   h..  e.-unlrs  hy 

I..„m,>re  ai.d   eo„.lai,ev.     He  .aw   ihu.   po-l-i.tV   «a^  h.. 

"'\'!;„  *sueh  were  the  friend,  he  had  at  \m  ha.-k.  while  hi- 
fac- witM  turned  wil.ravelv  to  Iheir  foer*. 

He  nexer  showed  hin.Mlf  more  fertile  .n  ver-oiUveH  th.m 
ir    this  eaiuimi'M.  ;    hnt    it    would    haNe   A-iunrd    H.iper- 
;„        ;:      r;;M;vereon.etheldMnd.rin.oMn.^ 

•l^Sdlivan   al    the    fordn  of   the   li..m  vwn.e.  and 
;;;:J,o  at  (lerman.owo.     U  for  one  hot.r  of  Morgan  UM.I 

liiri  rilliineii  If  .  ..       i      •        u- ,  i.iiv.r 

,„„„,.,„„,,>■  after  .he  ha.tle  of  Hrandyw.ne.  W a>h.nK- 

ton  H'lll  the  follnwinK  to  (lales  : 

"Camp  nkaii  I'oiTxoaovK,  S.  pI.iiwkt -Jttli,  1777. 
.*  .SV,  ._ThiH  army  Ir.m  not  he-n  ahle  to  oppo.e  (ieneral 
IIowo  will,  the  ...e:-osH  that  1  wi.hed.  and  ..eeds  a  re...- 

,.:;.„u.nt.     nhe.vforo  rCHp.es,    th..tJl'yo..h.tve-^ 
fortunate   as   to   ol.liire  General   B...^".v..e   to   .et.eut  I 
'vZlro^^ov  if  vou  haw..  ..ot.ana  cMreun.Htanees  w.ll 
:;;;;;; '  tla  Vo..  wlll  o.aer  Colonel   Mor,..,.  to  join  n.o 


«  //.oirr-//,  Vol.  r 


Miirfi'iii.  i>.  i78. 


a^jtf  «»r.afc»  »i^^— 


iijpiil)  wiH)  III-'  for|»»i.  T  *C'nt  Mill  tip  wlicii  I  llioiiuii'  >•»» 
iiiuttruilly  wuiiua  hiiii,  iiml  if  liu  rti-niii..  »',im  l>i'  tli*- 
|H-ti-.a  with  iMiw,  >»u  will  illreot  him  to  nturii  Im- 
im'tUnU'ly.  Y<»u  will  |»'riTi>.'  I  <lo  ii'»t  iii.niion  ilii^  liy 
way  "f  iHiiritiumtl,  Imt  li-iive  ytm  lu  ilili  riiiiiu'  ii|t'iu  il 
ufiurtliiij?  !••  V"iii'  ■iiii.itiiMi,  «'tt'.,  vtv, 

"  V"ur  iiU'tliint  M'rvHiii, 

'•(}KU.  W.V-.UINt.TUN." 
•«  Major  (iiniTul  (iATLM." 

Till'  (li'linito  oiiin-iify  «>f  ttiiM  li'll.r.  wiMild  liiiv<'  lt"<'ii 
Hulllritiii  for  tiny  man.  lot  uiltr'.y  winning  m  <\.ry  Mi-nti- 
iiu'iit  iif  KciKToiiily  mill  jiiMin-.  Ih-  r<'|ilii'tl  iiiiim-liiit»'ly, 
liul  iiolliiiijr  wiH  fiiilliii'  from  liix  iiUi'Utioiis  llmii  lo  com- 
ply willi  tlir  ri'iim'.-tt. 

"CwtV  UKIIMr>»  IlKIOIIT,  Oi'tolHT  ftih,  17*7. 

«,9,>;_Hiii(<>  (lie  iiftinii  ..r  tlh-  I'.Mli  llif  cminy  liuvo 
ki'pt  till- ^'roiiiid  tlit-y  occiipii'il  llii- iiioriiin;:  of  lIuiL  nay, 
aiul  fortilii'il  ilifir  raniii.  Tlio  atlvaiurd  Hi'iilrio^  of  my 
piokcl  aro  poHtnl  vvilhin  f-hot  of,  ami  opponito  tlio  ciii'my'rt ; 
miiluT  side  liavf  k'^*'"  «i'<>iii\d  an  inch. 

"  In  this  xitiiiitioii,  your  Kxrcllciicy  would  not  wi^h  ino 
In  pnrt  ii'ifft  llio  corpx,  tfw  nrmij  of  (/nunil  H>ir!i'<tfiip  /.> 
iUDsf  iifniid  nf.  Ill  a  foitnijiht  ul  I'iiiIIicmI  I  Iimu-  tlui 
pPMpcd.  of  lH'in«  alili-  lo  rein  lone  your  K\cflltii(V  in  n 
niori'  coiisidiruhlc  iimnnor  than  by  a  Kinglf  rcgimi'iit,  i  li'., 

cti;.,  eta, 

*'l  Imvu  tho  honor  to  lu<,  etc. 

"  IIOIIATIO   (iVTE.S." 

"Iliii  Excellency  ricncranVAsinNOToN." 


.lolm  Adamsi  priticiscd  tlio  defeat  iit  Urandywine  severely, 
and  blamed  Washington  for  oros,<ing  the  S(  huylkill.     "  It 


iliitMuiii  yoii 
I  t'idi  l)i>  tliM* 
>  tvUim  lilt' 

lit  ion  lW\*  \>y 
iiiMi'  ii|Mtii  it 


IIISi.ToN. 


Id  hii^''  l>"«'ti 
II  cMiy  M'liti- 
iiiiiiit'<liut«'lv, 

tllllll  III  ('(Mil- 


1'  ciiiiiiy  liiivo 
;  itt  iluit  Muy, 
ii'iilrii'H  of  my 
u  till)  I'lii'iiiy'rt ; 

I  not  wirili  liif 
f/  Hiirni'tfiii'  /.I 
Hi  I  lin\<'  tlio 
Accllt'iicy  ill  11 
[•(•{■(imi'iit,  lie., 

no  Gates." 


lywine  severely, 
■huvlkill.    "  it 


i  I 


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IMAGE  EVALUATION 
TEST  TARGET  (MT-3) 


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'      111112  0 


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Photographic 
Corporation 


23  7,'EST  MAIN  STREET 

WEBSTER,  NY    lASf-O 

(716)  872-4503 


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UA'rri.i:  ok  iuunovwin'K- 


85 


u  a  vorv  inju.li.Moi.s  mui.ouvre  :  if  \u'  IhuI  sent  oik-  l.njr.u  o 

^.    .  ;  r   !    pi.'-rl   llow.-sarmvi,.  a...-n,.n.,    o.n- 
of    1...  funk      llouv.il!   no,   .....>n,.t   H.      H'-.H 
:    ,  1       is  IW.   in   .1..  lMawu.v.     «>  ^  •'';-';  ^-n,   j. 
o.  .Mvat.  ....!.     O.K.  l,.:.lin;rmin.l.  uuul,l.■M^.^.l.•llK. 
t';.    0   in-.u  that    n.lM  vvl.i.'l.  Mr.us  m  awa.     .t.  - 
Vo      'Ullow.  rrossM.lu.  S..lunlk.ll.lM.   a:>^^ 

^::;:.it;u,  n.piu..,.  'n-'''^-^';':'';:;,:;:;:; ;: 

a.k.f..at.  a..l   w.'mI    far   to   ili--...raA'   <  ";   »'"-''    "" 
;;  ll.c  fn..Hls  uf  An.en..a  al.rua,l.     ^^ushm,,on     > 

:;  ,     ,  of  IMS  nnli.ary  ,av>,i,.  .i.h  .1......     IviKr 

,,,  ,,r,val  af.or  (Irr.naMtuuu.   was  prunou.ura      a.lnu 
,,     ,onau.l..l,as,lH.aHaM.l.aaiMr,MV..ilpla.uu..l. 

'*t;.,lK.so  actions.  .lK.fon.i..M.m..rsshowc.a,^^ 

pOlantry  an.l   -lid   .xc.rll..Hl  ......r;    Annan.l.    M.u.N, 

I'liii-ki  aii'l  aliovo  all  l^a  l-ayi'lii'. 
'Tl.:^:;.,.lespin,sha.   ..Hwln.u;nrn.u,.heH^^^^ 

tl,.  ea-tli,   bv  tlu>    IHi'sntuil    nw.-nrlism   ol    W  a^lun^'tun, 
;,      .l:auU•..rt^.M.au..to^vluc.hlu;lm.Ur-•^ln- 
'^u>    1'V.nd.    otr.vrs   .specially    i'n..ml    .h.M...h.s 
i,.:i,.o,l  with  an  admiration,  at  on.r  .ntlu.s.aslir  an.l  pr..- 

".nn'lialikelmnoraldHotlu.mscdvosau^^ 

'"t  i^l.o  ca,nvai,n  of  i;:.;,  Washingum  J.y  Itis -^^^ 

nro-n-anum.  at  th- Xortl,.  so  ajram  .n  ^'V    '/'.::. 
.,(;atc.ssonKmyoflushesttn.,.sa,.dut1.<r^^^^^^^^ 

,,,,,  mana"cd  to  detain  Ilowc,  vvdl.  an  ann>  n.'ai  >  ^u.u 
h:;:rHu,-,vday.inanK.r.h.^imy-fournnU.s,and 

tln.s  piTVont.'d  Lis  co-operation  witltU.ir,iroyno 

Tl  is  c.o.operatiou  «-as  indnded  ui  th.  o,^o,.  o 

n,i„    trv.  and  Howp  f.tilv  calculated  to  take  Phdadelplua 


pp 


ll.\  111,1;   til'    nUVNMiVV  INF.. 


in  (iinc  In  (Vi-iiiatcli  nii  iidciniiilr  I'orcc  lo  r.iir^func'.-^ 
iis!<ii>tiiiii't'.  iiticr  lie  ^lioiilil  Imvr  n'Mi'licil  AII)iiiiy.  Mill 
the  si'cond  luittlc  of  SlillwaliT  was  f()ii;:lit  IIikt  days  after 
Gcrniaiilnwii.  and  011  llii'  IHili  Octolur  canic  swift  licralds 
iiiti)  tlic  camp  lir!ii;L;iii;r  news  of  tlu' siinvudiTof  Jiurpiviic. 

Wasliin^'toii  ri'ct'ivi'd  it  as  if  it  laid  Itcrii  liisowii  victory, 
with  devout,  tiiaiikfiiliicss  ;  an  "a  siirnal  strol<c  oC  Provi- 
dence." "  All  will  he  well,"  he  said,  "  in  His  own  frood 
titiie."  Somewhere  evidently,  this  ;;reat  son!  had  had  a 
Jacob's  wrest  lo  with  (;o(r.s  anjjel,  and  t  hoy  had  come  to 
an  iiiidcrstaiidinj,'. 

The  news  of  the  surrender  soon  ]»ussed  from  the  Amer- 
ican into  the  IJritish  camp,  and  (leneral  IIowo  learned 
with  excessive  vexation  the  reveives  of  Hriiish  arms  at  the 
North,  lie  was  also  far  from  satisiied  with  his  own  posi- 
tion, lie  found  that  the  possession  of  Philadelphia  in  no 
way  altered  the  status.  Thoro  was  no  intiuiiilation.  no 
])anic,  no  yielding  of  pur]>ose  with  the  patriots.  Th.'  p  )si- 
tion  was  likewise  one  of  anxiety  and  peril. 

The  outcome  could  only  ho  a  (piestion  of  "how  long 
shall  wo  stay  hero,  and  hy  what  way  leave?" 

The  British  addressed  Miemselves  at  once  to  reduce  tlie 
defoncos  of  the  Delaware  Hivcr,  as  llowo  foresaw  thai  he 
must  depend  mainly  ui»on  the  Heel  for  supplies. 

In  a  lit  of  impatience  he  ordered  the  as.-ault  upon  l{e<l 
Bank  ;  one  of  the  most  ohstinate  ot  the  American  fortifi- 
cations.    It  was  repulsed  with  frightful  loss. 

On  receiving  the  intelligence  of  this  victory  at  l{id 
Bank.  John  Adams  exclaimed:  "Thank  (iod  !  the  ghiry 
is  not  immediatel ;•  due  to  the  commandor-in-chief,  or 
idolatry  and  i'dulation  would  have  hoon  so  excessive  as  to 
endanger  our  lihcrtics." 

Not  long  after,  llowe  asked  the  king's  leave  to  resign, 
at  the  same  time  assuring  the  ministry  tiiat  still  another 
campaign  would  ho  necessary  for  tlie  rednctioi.  of  America 
with  larger  roinforcements  than  they  had  yet  dispatched. 


1  liiirsTfivni''.-! 
Ihuiiy.  Mill 
(T  (liiVM  after 
swift  licnilds 
(if  Jiurpiviif. 

I  (iwii  victory, 
iiko  of  I'rovi- 
lis  own  frootl 
il  liad  liiiil  II 
Iiiiil  roiin'  to 

111  iIm'  Anici- 
Io\vi>  Ii'iitncil 

II  iiniis  at  tlic 
liis  ovii  |Mi.si- 
dclpliia  in  no 
niiilation.  no 
s.     Til.'  |.  )si- 


f  "  liow  long 


to  n'diicc  tlio 
I'c'saw  that  lio 

ii's. 

lit    lljlOll    Kcil 

oricaii  J'ortili- 

c'tory  at  Ifid 
[)(1  !  tlu'  z^lory 
i-iii-cliit'f,  or 
ixcessive  as  to 

avc  to  iTsifiii, 
;  still  aiiotlu-r 
)i.  of  Anicrica 
.'t  dispatt'liod. 


HATTl-K   Ol'    |lllAM»\WIN'i;- 


The  conlitU'tKc  tliat  Congress  wit hlu'M  fn-m  Washing- 
Ion  WHS  fullv  K'von  to  (iiitc.-.     Hi'*  promises  to  ivml'.nr 
the  couiiiiahder-in-eliief  after  tiie  suireii-ier  ot  Hiii,,">yno 
nMiiaine.l  i-urposely  unnillille.l.     Weeks  paHsed.  i-iid  not  iv 
HoMier  iiad    been  sent   s..uthwanl.      Washin-ton  at    last 
••dispatelied  Alexander  Hamilton  with  aiithnr.ty  to  de- 
,„,„„1  th,,,,,."     In  his  letter  of  instnuti-ns  to  IlaMiiltoii. 
Washiii-tou   writes.    -If  yon   meet  Colonel   M..i-aP.  and 
1,1s  ei.ri)*)  on  their  wuv  down,  let  them  know  how  essential 
their  serviees  are  to  us,  and  d.'siiv  the  Colonel  to  hasten 
hH  mairh  as  miieh  as  is  eoiisistent  with  the  health  ol  his 
men.  after  their  late  faf.-nes."*    Hut  (iatos  still  fonlinued 
to  evoU.!  comi.lianee.  makin,:    •  i  idle  and  insineeiv  pretext 
of  attack  upon  Tieondero^'u,  for  he  knew  the  British  iiad 
uhandoned   it.     Hi"   sent  no  report  of  the  surrender  to 
Wasiiinston— a  marked  disres|)ect— l)Ut  to  Coiifircss  : 

"Willi  nn  army  in  henith,  viiror.  and  si.irits.  Major- 
Genera!  (iiites  now  waits  the  commaiuls  of  the  honorable 

Con^Tess."  . 

Instead  of  rebuking  his  insubordination  in  the  matter 
of  sending  the  troops  to  Washington,  Congiv>s  forbade 
Washington  to  detach  moro  than  twenty-tivc  luiiidrcd 
men,  iireliuling  the  corps  of  Morgan,  without  lirst  con- 
sulting (iatos  and  Clinton.  Sul)se.iuontly  it  amended  the 
order '"'directing  that  he  should  not  detach  any  troops 
except  after  such  consultation,  and  "John  and  Samuel 
Adams,  and  Oerry  of  Massachusetts,  and  Marcliaiit  of 
Kliode  Island  voted  for  that  restriction." 

It  was  the  18th  of  November  before  Morgan  with  his 
corps  arrived  at  Whitemarsh,  Washington's  head(|iiarters, 
having  been  basely  held  back  more  than  live  weeks  after 
liurgoyuc's  capitulation  had  become  a  certainty. 

*  GraJiim's  Life  of  Morgan,  p.  177. 


-/ 


X.-1777. 
APvXOLI)  liKFOUK  c"(>X(aii:ss. 

WK  Icfi  Arnold  lit  'l'icoii(icrn;,'ii,  iil'tc-r  lii.s  iiii\iil 
Imltli'  with  Curletoii  in  OcloInT,  li;0.  lie  iv- 
muiiu'd  tlioro  ii  month,  t'lnl  tluii  ivpoiti'd  u*  Wioliin;,'- 
loii  a  fVw  diiy.s  Ix-foro  tlic  luiltlo  of  'I'lvntoii.  llo  liiid 
niis!-ed  (U'spiitclR'.s  on  hi-  way  down,  instruct inj,'  him 
to  repair  at  onc(t  to  IMiod^.'  Island,  t(t  concert  measures 
to  meet  tiio  (hreati'ued  invasion  ol"  a  heavy  Hritisli  lloet 
then  iiuverinj;  oil"  tiie  coa^l.  He  spent  the  winter  in 
IJhodo  Island  and  Uosl(.n,  Iml  failed  in  rai.sinff  an  adc- 
quato  ft)rco  either  to  eheck  the  invasion  or  lo  disIod,;,'e 
the  Uritish  from  Newport,  where  they  had  lauded  uud 
iutronehed  themselves. 

In  March,  i;T7,  whilst  he  sojourned  at  i?ostoii,  Con- 
jiress  appointed  live  Major-CuMierals,  all  from  Arnold's 
juniors  in  rank,  lie  was  loud  in  his  indignation.  He 
wrote  to  ({ates  : 

"Byllf^aven!   !  nm  a  vlllniii,  if  I  spok  not 
A  brave  rcvenp'  for  injured  honor." 

Washington  wrote  immediately  a  soothing  letter,  assur- 
ing him  that  there  must  have  heeii  some  mistake,  and 
that  the  matter  should  he  investigat.'d.  This  did  hnt 
"  plunge  him  into  more  choler." 

lie  reidied  :  "  Cciigress  ])r(miotin<r  junior  olTieers  to  the 
rank  of  major-generals,  I  view  as  a  very  civil  way  of 
reiiuesting  my  resignation  as  unqualified  for  the  olliei'  I 
hold.     Mv  commission   was  conferred   unsolicited,    and 


AUNOLII    IICl'lfltK  COSIMIKHH. 


8!» 


iT     lli.S     IlilMll 

^0.  He  rc- 
1*1  \V;i>liiii^'- 
)!).  llo  liad 
Inicliuj^  liiiii 
jt'i't  iiicasurc'rt 
r  Hritisli  i]vH 
lu)  winter  in 
irtiii}?  an  adc- 
<v  Id  (lislodlic 
il  laudi'il  uiid 

]?o.-:toii,  ('im- 
roiu  Arnold's 
ignutiun.     IIu 

not 

J  letter,  assur- 

niistako,  and 

Thi>':   did   l)ut 

officprs  to  tlie 
■  fivil  way  of 
)]•  the  otlici'  T 
Sdiicited,   and 


rm-ivfd  Willi  [)lni.>*uiv  only  as  u  nioans  of  MTvin,!.'  my 
toiinlry.  Willi  i"|iial  pLasuiv  I  rc'si-,'n  il,  \vli.n  I  can  no 
lon>,'ei"  serve  mv  ionnlry  willi  honor.  'I'lie  |.ei>on  wiio. 
voiti  or  I  lie  iiie."  IVeliii^'  of  honor,  will  tamely  eondesetnd 

to  K'ivK  »•!'  •'•«  '"'Ji'''  '""'  '''■'"'"  "  I'"""" '••'•''""  "'  ''"' 
oxiieiiHo  of  his  reimtatioii,  I  hold  us  a  dis^Taee  to  the 
army,  and  nnworlhy  of  the  <.doiioiis  cause  in  which  we 
are  eii-ra^^'ed.  When  I  entered  the  army,  my  ehiiraeler 
wiw  unimiieaehed.  I  ha\u  saeriliced  my  interest,  fase. 
and  huit|tiness  in  her  canse/'  il-re  spouls  up  a  jet  of 
truth  :  "Jf  ix  I'ttlhcr  n  mifforhitir  Ihttii  «  fault,  Ihot  >i>!l 
ij-erfioim  liure  not  bven  rnmuKil  trilli  siicrrss.  In  jnslice. 
liierefore,  to  my  own  character,  ami  lor  the  satisl'aetioii 
i.f  my  iVieiid,-,  l  mu>t  ie.|iiest  a  eourt  of  iiniuiry  into  my 
coiidiu't,"  etc.,  etc. 

MiMiilime  \Va.>hiii^'ton  liad,  on  iminiry  into  the  allair, 
learned  liiat  I  lie  .several  Elates  insisted  on  having'  .'-neral 
ollieer.s  in  proportion  to  the  ininilier  of  troops  furnished, 
and  ('onnectieiit  alreatly  had  her  (piola. 

He  hastened  lo  explain  this  to  Arnold,  adding' :  "  I  eon- 
fess  this  is  a  straiif^e  mode  of  reasoniii}.',  hut  it  may  show 
you  that  the  promotion  diielo  your  seiii(M-ity  was  not  over- 
looked for  want  of  merit."  lie  further  dissuade.l  him 
from  askin},'  a  court  of  iiKjuiry,  as  no  iliarj;e  luul  lieen 
made  against  him  hv  C'onsress,  adding  that  puhlie  hodies 
were  not  respon>il)le  for  their  acts,  and  that  all  the  satis- 
faction an  individual  could  obtain  was  his  own  conscious- 
iiess  that  he  deserved  hotter  than  he  Imd  received. 

But  this  philosophy  was  no  cure  for  Arnold's  malady. 
He  refused  to  i)e  coniforted,  and  still  desired  permission 
to  go  to  Philadelphia  and  demand  an  impiiry.  Ho  had 
l.ravcd  court-martials  before,  and  parried  their  righteous 
judgment  so  snceessfully  that  he  now  res(dved  to  outface 

Congress. 

But  Colonel  Stark  had  also  been  omitted  from  the  tivo 
bri"adier-gonerals  newly  made  by  Congress,  and  one  can 


T^~' 


••■/* 


w 


AliNOI,!!   HKKOUK  lONdltKHS, 


miri'i'l.v  ri'fr.iiii  from  wondiriii;,'  Unit  WuKliiiijrl"H  '«li"Wt'<l 
m  lillli-  iiiM'UsiiK-'H  fur  llif  iH';;lrcl  ..run  oniirr  wIki  liiul  co 
moiillv  iHTforiiittl  llii'  Imivrsl  and  nmst  in\iilualilc  cer- 
vico.  lit' with  \Vii-iiiiij.'tim  hii«l  run  tlio  ire  blockutU- of 
III.'  D.liiwiin'.  iin.l  iil'lt  r  tli.'  ins|.initiim  ol"  (lie  pic.'^i'hce 
of  I  lie  cuniniiiiMlcr-in-clii.'l".  it  wim  Stark's  l.tivmu't  tliarp! 
that  lia.l  aHMir.d  liif  vict.-rv  at  Tr.iit.tM.  II.'  iLi-fornu'd 
HiKnal  xi'i-vu'i'  uftiTwanl  ill  rrin.'.t.m,  and  at  llic  Hinio 
tinii',  v.'hcn  tin;  pavniuMti-r  \va.-<  out  of  l)otli  money  and 
cr.'dit.  111",  with  Wasiiin-,'t.in  und  otluT  ollict  rs,  pli.lgi'd  h's 
lii'ivatf  fiii'tuiif. 

lit"  had  .listinj,'uislud  himsolf  iit  UunkiT  Hill,  un<l  long 
Itcrori'  in  tlic  Froni'li-lmlian  war,— over}  wiicre  ju  rfoiniin^' 
liiilliani  and  valualilf  siTvitr.  He  was  dearly  worth  all 
III.'  mMJor-;;inerals  Congre^.s  had  yet  aiipuinl.'.l  ;  hut  they 
parsed  him  hy,  hoeausc  he  was  "  self-willed,"  iIioukIi  !»« 
Ktood  at  tln'  lieail  of  the  li>t  from  New  llam|»sliire.  The 
j:reat  heart  was  hurl  to  the  core,  and  on  l)ehalf  .if  iiisidle.l 
manho.id  ht  left,  the  nervieo  and  went  homo  to  hi«plou;jh, 
•'where  his  patriotism,  like  tlio  lire  of  the  smithy  when 
sprinkleil  with  wutc',  .riowed  more  fiercely  than  ever." 
His  State  reeeived  him  with  honor,  and  put  him  at  tho 
heail  .if  all  the  troops  foon  after  raised  to  oppose  Hur- 
goyne's  approach. 


Hut  Arnold  was  no  (.'ineinnahis.  and  had  becides  no 
piougli  to  go  to.  He  went  to  Philadelphia.  On  his  way, 
]iussinj.'  through  C'onnectieut.  he  heard  of  the  raid  <if  two 
thousand  Uritish  troops  under 'I'ryon,  who  had  landed  at 
Camp.i,  n.'ar  Fairfax,  and  pnueeded  to  Danliury  to  de- 
stroy the  public  stores  thus  eolleeted.  (ienerals  Wo.ister 
and'silliman,  with  ('.)nneeti(nt  militia,  had  gone  in  juir- 
suit  of  them,  Arnold  joined  himsolf  to  them  ?<«('?? n'M/, 
al)out  four  miles  from  Danbury,  where  they  learned  that 


AHXOth  WKFOIIK  (ONCMir.'M. 


Ui 


iplitn  /<linW('(l 
I'V  will)  lltul  CI) 
iMilualile  for- 
t'  l)li)('l\iiili'  i)f 

till!  |)r('."<riict' 
luiiiii't  rliar;.'!" 
Ill'  iMrformcil 

III  (ill'  Minio 
li  tiioni'y  aiul 

■8,  pU'llgl'll  li's 

Hill,  ami  Ion;; 
re  iHTfurmin^ 
ally  WDiili  all 
Icil  ;  liii'.  tiny 
1,"  thoii^'Ii  liii 
uiisliiri',  Tlu) 
alf  iif  iiisultcil 
ti)  liiMpliiii^'li, 
smilliy  wlu'ii 
ly  than  ever." 
lit  liiiii  at  the 
I)  oppD.-o   Hiir- 


md  bonulea  no 
.  On  his  way, 
he  rail!  of  two 
>  hail  lanik'd  at 
)anl)iiry  to  ile- 
'iierals  Woostcr 
il  poiu'  in  ])iir- 
honi  nninviU'(l, 
ey  learned  that 


„„.  ,„„„  „„d  HloiT*  had  lM'.n  l...rii.-d.  and  Ih-  nnt';''  «'."r.. 
rHimi;,'l.v  Ih.  .uiit..  th.y  had  lum...     (i.n.ra      Nno-l-r 
uiihhwdiviM.m   |.u-l.i.l  on   ami  i.mdr  a  >|.iriln    a  trnk 
upun  th.ir  riar.  taking'  a  Hioro  of  ,.rU..miS  l'»'t  ll.r  Mmm' 
„,'l  ,„a„  r..|l  rnaii  IiIh  ImiM-  i.ioilally  wniiiid.d.     Arm) Id 
l,..a.l.d  till,  i.lh.rdivi.iun.  ami  iimd.' a  l.nu>h  atti'inpi   l.. 
i,„,,,,,„  ,|,,i,  ,„unh  !.y  ihri.«ii.Kn|;al.amnidi..  iHliind 
whi.h    hi.    parly  ron^dit    |ur   lirtnii    mimiti;.   «''■"     '';; 
Hriii-h.  luur  li.ms   Unir  lUinilKT.  .u^ilv  oat-llaiiknl  Hum 
uml  w.ni   ...I  Ihiiruay.     Th.v.  I.uwrv..r.  Ii.i.ij;  upoi.  lh>' 
,,„,„ivVrc.ar.aml  Anmld  r..ii;,'ht  .ill.  his  n-md  ili>p.-n.  .| 
,„,,vm-dn.t  ami  splinin-   tlvin,:.  ami  two  Imi-i'^  ki  li  d 
,„„,,,,|,i,„:    Tlu    Hrili.-h   nil.  a,  llu-  M,  hni   .ni  .avk.d 
HilVly.  Iiasing  a.i.omnli.-lud  what  tliryiaiim   D  do  willi 

Hiiiall  lonH.  ..   ^  •• 

"Tho  ni'ws  of  Ihrs,'  r.r/ilntlx  soon  narlinl  (  i>ii},'ii'M, 
,„„l,|„,n.nimissio.,nf  Majoi-demral  w.iH  givi-n  to  him  ; 
„|s.)  a  hor^e  hand.-onu'ly  cai.iivisnm'd.  Wnv  ivor  hi.m.rs 
Korhraplv  won?  Hnt  this  Mill  lift  him  below  the  live 
|„.fo,v  api.oiiili-1.  Ill'  cumi.inid  I.)  sulk.  Washin-tun, 
anxious  to  put  him  in  good  liu.m.M'ml.  avimd  to  niako 
what  iMUi'iids  Ik-  could  f-.r  tlu'  lu'-l.cl  of  Cou-ri'ss.  l.y  ap- 
pointing him  to  thi"  coniniand  on  tlu'  North  Hiv-r,  th.-n 
(•onsidnvd  on.',  if  not  the  most  lionorahl'  poM  an  oIIicim- 

could  hold.  , ,  •     f    ... 

II..   howi'Vi'iMloHini'd  it,  and  pirfiTmi  to  ol)tain  liom 

Conm-ss  an  oxami:iatloii  into  his  coiidiut.  Arriving  at 
JMiilaiU'lphia,  ho  booame  convinood  of  what  lu'  had  sus- 
pected -that  the  published  aeeusatioiis  of  Colonel  Hrown 
had  niado  an  impression;  the  spirits  of  Montreal  and 
Ticomleroga  "would  not  down." 

His  complaints  were  loud,  and  with  an  air  of  injurid 
huioeeneo  he  wrote  to  Congress  :  "lam  exceedingly  un- 
ha,mv  to  linil,  that  after  having  made  every  sacrifice  of 
fortune,  ease,  and  domestic  hapi.iness  lo  serve  my  country, 
1  am   publicly  impeached  (in  particular  by  Lieutenant- 


AMXOI.I)   ItKIOUi:  (OMiUM.H. 


rotnii.l  Brown)  nf  It  futiil<»;^ii(' of  «ilm«n  wliich,  if  Inu', 
(»ii;;lil  !'•  ^iilijfil  111"  hi  .li->,'riu«',  liifiiiiiy,  iiml  llu-  jiinl 
nwiilnunt  of  my  ruiiniryiinii.  ('uiiMiiuiiH  of  i\w  ri'i-li* 
tmlf  nf  in>  iiili  iilinii-  Iiuwcmt  I  iimy  Ihim'  find  in  Jii'lj.'- 
iiH'iit-l  iiiii't  rii|tn,-i  ilii'  lu\or  t»f  ('ii(i;:r»— to  |M>iiil  out 
Mtnic  iiiikU-  l»y  wlin  li  my  «'niiiliift.  ami  Ibal  of  my  mi  iii^ti -, 
may  Itf  im|iiiiitl  into,  mnl  jiiMiic  il"m'  io  llu-  iiiiMutiit 
mill  iiiiiiri'tl." 

Til.'  niM.'  Weill  lo  lilt'  ••  H.cinl  of  War."  ami  tlii-y  u«i|iilU 
ti'.l  Jiim.iU'flariii^'  llmi  liis  cliamilir  Imtl  iH'f"  "ini'llN  mi'l 
ffr.iiiii(lli'>-ly  a,>|Mi-i'.l."  ('..ii^'ii'--i  »t.iilli!iiitl  ili«'  iTport,  Inil 
i4iitl  wiililiiltl  tin-  ruiik  for  vnIikIi  In-  <'i.iiuiiil..l.  N<ir  wi  ri> 
tlu'  Impri'-HiitiiH  ivmovftl  from  llu-  iiiimlM  of  many  mt'iii- 
Ihts  of  C'oii^'ii'xH  l»y  llif  clianiiit'i'  of  llii'  "  Hoanl  of  War." 
Arnold  was  si'ii.-illc  nf  lliLsand  wiih  >lill  diK-ati-llf<l 
and  nma-'v.     lit'  m".l    iMi'st-nti'd  his  acionnlH,  wliii'li  in- 

v.dvtd  him  in  m'W  dimcnltics.     In  fad.  if  tin-  un ils 

had  pivccd.'d  III.'  iiMiniry.  it  i-i  dniihlfiil  if  the  af.|nitlal 
wonld  hav  iHrii  aimniod.  Tlify  vvfiv  h..|K'U'.^sly  con- 
fmtt'd.  ThiH  t'tmfiixion  wan  im  donht  iar;;iiy  c-onsnin.tit 
U|Min  tli(>  want  of  itropcr  orfjanizatioii  at  tlic  licpinninj?  of 
hostililici.  Thi'  hn.'^ini'ss  id"  imrtliaMi.s  iianiuntH, -I'tc, 
often  It'll  npo,;  tlio  commandiTH  of  di'tachmcnls. 

It  was  pccniiarlv  the  cast'  in  the  Canadian  campai^'n. 
♦'  I'rom  the  linif  Arnold  left  ('anil.ri.l;,'c  until  aft.r  tlif  iv- 
in-at  to  Crown  I'oint,  he  he.d  on  varionn  oceaHlouH  aeletl  an 
comman.ler.  eommissarv  and  paymaster.  His  aeeonntn  wero 
vtdnniinnns.  complitated.  and  in  many  parts  withont 
vonehers  or  proper  certilieales."  This  irrejrnlarily  they 
I'oni.l  have  condoned,  hnt  it  was  also  iliseoveietl  "that  ho 
had  introduced  a  series  td"  extrava-ranl  eliarixes  in  his  own 
favor,  snme  nf  them  tliibious  in  tlieireharaeler.  and  others 
manitestlv  nnreasonahlo.  even  if  the  items  eouhl  have  boon 
provoil,  which  swelled  his  personal  claims  upon  the  gov- 
ernment to  an  ennrmnns  amount."* 

*  tiiiarku' Lij'r  of  Arnold. 


hull,  if  IriH', 
(IkI  till"  jil"! 
o!  till'  riTli- 
•rri'il  ill  Jiiil'.'- 

.  til  |ll)illl   Dill 

f  my  iH'fiinri'M, 
I  lie   iliiiiicclil 

I  till')-  iictjllit. 
J  ••fniill)  mill 

III'  h|tiMt,  lull 

cil.  Nor  \vt  11' 
f  iiiiiiiy  iiii'iii- 
iMinl  iif  War." 

II  (llr.Slli<ti<'i| 

Ilt8,  wliicli  ill- 
llic  iiicuimlH 
llii'  iu'i|iiillal 
opilt'f^sly  coil- 
iy  c'liiiM  i(iiiiit 
!•  Iicpiiiiiinj?  of 
lyiiiiiitH,  -I'tc, 

OIllH. 

inn  (lunpaif,'!!. 
il  at'tiT  till'  rc- 
iiHions  iiclt'il  ii.-i 
I  accitiinlM  were 
parts  williiiiit 
■(••rularity  llicy 
riTi'd  "  tliat  lit' 
i^vit  ill  liin  own 
■tor,  and  otiiors 
(lultl  have  boon 
upon  the  gov- 


A.;t«.iH  pnllywill  ki.ouii  that    1...  had  .'uU'n'.l  Iho 
,,rvirc'  «iilMMit  ilthiT  moi.ry  ..r  .r-dii.  anml,.  r  ••  m  pii.v 
luwaroH.  ;m  in  Imvv.  In  Hh' M"" I' a  f' .  .....nlli-MH.. 

•V,.'...ili.ury.ru....l.-'.>.M    h.iv.  uiriin...  ..•. 
,.,i^a..'  r...t.im'  ..r  H...  I.   an   iiuioui.t  a-  ..nnarvd  ...  Hi- 
lialaiici'  tif  liix  nil'"!.!!'".  , 

Knas.'rv.  in  whi.h  r.M,;:.v.*  w.H  to  I,.,  ownviu'lnd  and  tho 

,,i.ia."d..f.u.id.d.   ii,H..M.nii.-..o«M";K-";«  """•";•"; 

,,,.,,„,,   ..,„,    ,,i.   rri.nd.   urn.    v.x.  d    imd  i/ri.s.d   at 

!.        l„.:,l„.,k.i...Nl.adund..r.ak. f  si.idinit.i.,' « • 

.t^onu'ri.-u-ano,ll...r..r..or.l.ohi,d....o^^^^^^^^^^^^^ 
who..'N,.rvin.ll..yd..'.n.dinvalnal.l..o  lh.'('onnli.>. 

What  l.lindn.H/!    NMi.it  inra..ni..nn!    What  oiio  p.m'of 
.2lH..rvii'.didhi-v.c'ord.how?    Ii.'l.ad.u^^ 
.lil'..ve.vdu.v..i:..Kahh'.M.in.  lor;.do,n,Ml.^^ 
Hlnmld   hav..   l.tl  undo....  and   Lav.;.,'  nndo,,..   .I.o.' 

.h.M.ld   l.aN.'  don,.";  for  riinnintf  hHoiv  ho  w.ih  «' it. .  m 
wh.-n.  hi'  >va<  nnl    lu-d-.l.  and  hraii..- avva.v    an..N  .In. 
,.,h...M  had    w..n.     I,nsslaili..v  and   di>i>l.r  had  .lu^r.:,.! 
hiHstopUroni  Iho  outsit.     'IMi.'  ai'.'on.itH  swr.  ivhrnd  lo 
ucon.niitt.'o.  andtl.i'miitti'rl.m.K. 

If  «a.  now.!,......  ir.T.  a.id  Mow.- was  u^Mi.n  th.oah....n« 

(orrosH  Now  .Ic-i'V.  I'hilad.li.hia  was  ast.r.  Ari.ohl 
WIS  si'.it  l.y  Ih.'  "  War  Hoard  "  to  j^nia.'.l  tl.r  IK'l.iwar.. I  .■<.■ 

opcrati. with  w.i,shi.,Kto...  m ,  ..s wo i.au' ''-f ;"-;;7;;;;; 

Moi-an's  rilU-halls,  at  I'is.ataway  and  ilahwaj.  o^r..tlu.i 
witirWa^l.i..,'lo„\s  stuhhorn  ,...t.vn(h.n....ls  uid  dnvon 
Unwv  to  d.cidc  upon  appiuachin-  lMiil;i.l.lph..i  by  «eu. 
Tluis  AiMioid  had  no  opporluniiy  for  "  n  'W     I'xplo.ls 

„^.  ,,,,„„,,„a  ,„  „,ov  iho  sotil.niM.t  of  n.s  um...nts,-tt 
,.„„.,,  .,ri>n,„om.c.e.8ity  for  hin..  Hut  ' '<'  ;""-';»;"':;; 
H.vn.ed  n..l  at  .dl  i...li'>-l  '-"""^v  then.  an.  doh.vcd  I, c  . 
,.,„,,,.  Delay  a.id  invcstlKalion  wore  w ha  Arnold  no.st 
;uL.lc.d.  II.'  il.erc.foro  h.-okc  in  upon  their  d.h  .rations 
with  a  tender  of  his  rwij^'iiation.  aeclurin-  that  h;  was 


^  AiiMot.ti  iti;»oii»;  loXMM 

drh.  ti  t-.  M>i«  >"'P  "»'y  »•>•  .1  ^.n*..  of  t!.-  inj.i^tk..  lu-  IumI 
MitT.n.l  II-  1T.>I«  .1.  .1  nil  unUiit  l..u.  f-.r  In* .  ..iiiitry.  uiui 
hi.  r.u.li.H.-.  .liTuiu  to  ••  llula  mul  l.l-.r' i..  [H-r  0..U.... 
.hiit  lit  itiU  iim.%  niiiu'  II..-  i.>i.Hl«<'>«''i'  of  II...  full  or 
Ti.M.ipl.T..-:.!.  un.l  tl...  iriim.i.l.i.i.t  a.Uuit.v  of  n...'«..Ni,..  Hi 

ilu.  uunl,  -.  al...  .»  Uti.i-  tV'.H'  NVu.l,i..«l m;:.i.i«  *';'«• 

uri'M  t»  M-iia  Ar....M  to  tl...  i....tl..  ni  ..rii.y.  I-  lil>"wi... 
Vv,..(..  t..  A.'....I.U.-ll.i..>r  l.iiH  "•"»  |«r...U'li..K  I...U  t..;;... 

IliH  r.M^..aii..i.   Wit.    iMulMil.l)    i..t.n.l..l   L.  pn.k  tho 
.v„.,.ail.i..-  ..r  Cui.j^ri..-:  al  all  .^oxt-.  I.u  waM  n.^ilv  .... 

'"  \nil i...i  .If  l...a.l'|.iarf.-.'-.   l.i>  «a^  |...t  it.  «'om........l  ..f 

tt.lUUi..i..'ni..-  i.fmyuii.l  p.lali.>t..'.l  ...  ar  ImhI  I'.avv.inl. 
l.-M.ir  .!..>-.  afl.r.  wiil.ii.  Hi"  li.i.ilH  "f  liU  c..i..ma...l,  »vvnr. 
jvl  ll...  i.ax'<lv  '.r  .lull.'  Mfi'.vu.  ,        ,  ■„    I 

Ari...l.r-  pifk''!-  W..IV  i\v\uu  in.  luul  tw....r  tli.v..  kill..I. 

TI..W  wl...  .-.  UIUMJ  l.fou-lit  HI.  .A;.it;i..l-Ut...l  i..r..n..l  ..f  tiR' 

„„n,l...r  ..f  tl...  sivu;/.'^.    A.-n..l.l  .lH;..l.."l ,.  t/n,„s.n,.l  mm  m 
p,n's,nl,  it.  iw..  .liNiHi..n^  .m.i  L.  fall  iil-m  Hh'T  fr....t  a...l 

tli....ll.i.|-  i.iH.i.  ih.if  ri'.tr.   A  iLMivv  .l...xv-....r  .•.1....1...VV..S...-. 

frll  ..pni,  llhi.'  |».«.l..i'.  a.i.l  tl,..y  n.arfl..'.!  l>urU  vMli...u 
K-iin-  tl...  I.ali.....<     It  laov.'-l  I"  I'avf  lu..!!  only  u  Muall 

pnrlv  wl...  n.u.U>  a  Kwil'l  n.tr..at  afl.T  H,(.utr...M.iH  t...... .i'. 

Tl...  iifxt  .lay  Scliiiv). .  ami  l.i^  wl."!''  a''"')'  ••'''  ''•"'^  "* 
8tilhvut..r.     Moaiiti.n.".  11...  .|...Hli..n  ..f  Ari...l.l's  nmk  l.u.l 

I „  l,r....-l.t  hcfniv  ("..i.«.v.-H.  aii.l  tl.p  v..t(.  wiiH  l.ravily 

u«.a..Ht  l,i....-tl.r.o  tu  .......     11..  i....n...liat..ly  Mjrn.n.'.l  t.. 

S.I...V1.'..  hi.   iiitonti....  t..  rctin-:  Im.I  Sliayl..-  l,..^..M.ul.t 

hin,  i,nt   t.)  l.uv..  at  that  (.i-itifal  jimK.iiv,  aii.l  I..' ajruiii 

BiispiMi.k.tl  Ilia  iMiriH).*.'.  . 

'rii..  i.cxl  'V.iit  ill  An.i.l.r^  inililiii-y  caiwi- (.(Tiii-iv.l  ii> 

,.„„Mi.i.li..n  with  tho  i"li»f  of  l.o.-t  Stannix-a  ni-st   ..... 

portaiit  u.'t.c'9*.rv  to  tho  t.urrcn.U.r  of  Ki.'--..ync..     lIaMM;{ 

VHR'trntod  wi.ll  into  ij...  wil.h.rncss  hotwivn  F..rt  K.lwiini 

♦  IhiKi't^fl  Klvt.i  (iiily  twn  li"linn«  — V.il.  IX,  \i.  'Mi. 


AMxni.h  iirrtiur.  .oyttHKiH 


W 


i«kiiiiiiiry,uiul 
ill  lu-r  <'iiii»«*. 

i.r  iiii-  full  of 

r  lliii;(<)Mii'  ill 
I,  tir){iiit(  t'oif 

,    lif  iikt'wi»i» 

ii;;  liiia  l<i;;>t. 
t   III  )iii«'k  tlio 
wiiK  null)  ill- 

,t    nine    fu  join 

n   C'ollllllilllil  of 

Kurl    I'Mwuitl, 

iiiin.tiul,  oci'ur- 

(ir  tlin'<'  killxl. 
lU'i'iitiiii  of  Mu' 
liinisunil  iiivn  in 
tlii'ir  friint.  and 
if  niiii.lM>\vc\t'r, 
I  liack  vsillMiiit 
in  only  11  »*maU 
iifioiis  tiiiinl'T.* 
tiiy  I'fli  liiiik  to 
iiolirM  riiiik  liuil 
■otn  wiiH  li»'ii\ily 
tt'ly  ,-ijriiitli'il  to 
Imylcr  lii'-^oiiiilit 
I'c,  ami  he  a;{ain 

UTiT  (irftirri'd  in 
\\x — ii  mo»t  lin- 
•;,'oyiK'.  llii\iii<j; 
H'li  Fort  Hilwurtl 
IX,  p.  ;««'J. 


mill  Allmny.  with  Hu-  niililia  xwurnitnu  in  hi*  rinr,  It  Iw 
cunu*  no  lonuir  |H.Mil.l.!  ror  Htiruoyn.-  to  f.-l  hl»  nniiy 
from  Ciiiailu.  It  wu*  ti  iim-.«ity  t.i  tliuw  -•ii|.| 'i.-  I'lviii 
III.'  finiiriil  v.ill.'vof  III-  Mohawk.  TIm-  rai.l  h|noi  IWn- 
niiiuton  wii*Hl«o|.laiint«l  with  th«'  «iiw  of  Ihv  itt|»lim- of 
III'-  niupizlin  '<iH  Unit  |t'.iiif. 

Hinyoytir  lia.l  .li.|Mi.  li.  •!  St.  \rA'f  Aith.lulit  hnti.lr.a 
llriiixli  ami  in-aily  a  tlioii.im.l  Stiimi  wunlor*  to  li».ili«o 
Tort  Stutiwix  — u  foriiii.l;il>i.'  po-t  of  nv.  ll.toii.ti;i»ti'il 
rartli-woi-kM  at  tin-  lifaM-wat.  i .  of  ilir  M..liii«k.  ahly  •innU 
»,m>A  l.y  iti\  liiiii.liv.l  tiii'ii  iiikIii-  Colon.!  (lanMvmirt.  A 
hmM'  Imii'l  of  patriot  rr,u.|io|.|.'rM  of  ihr  Mohawk  Vi.ll.-y, 
,„t,|,.r  II  rkiiiur,  lulsaiuT'l  to  tin-  r.li'f  of  ihi-  pirn-oii. 
liilnilii'M  of  tli.'ir  appro  all.  tli.'  uliol.'  Im.'I..  of  -.ivay:.-*, 
t-aivfiiilv  ilcpo^itiiitf  tli.'ir  i-laiiki-t*  ami  fur  rolu'^  I'  ft  tlio 
("imp  liakc.l.  or  «itli  onlv  liiiiitiiiU--liirt  <,  araixl  with 
MK.ar.  musk.-l  aii.l  t..nialia«k  for  lli.ir  iiiiinl.ron.  I>u«|. 
w»n.  Tlii'V  w.-ri'  nupport.a  by  nnil-r  with  liin  raiipr-, 
Hir.lolm  .roliii-.oii  with  hi^  York.MN.  hmim-  Hriti.h  iv;{iilarH 

uii.l  Caiaaliaii-*.  ....         ,. 

,,„  ,.,,„„.  ,1,.,  ,„„,.i.,t  |„„„l.  ami  ahoiit  mx  mil.'H  from  tlio 

f.,it  ili.'y  iMtiTi'il  ail  aiiilai-a.lo.  Tli.'y  w.iv  1111-I..I  a« 
,„  ,|„.  luimluiM  ..f  th.'ir  fo.".  A  llcnv  aii.l  l>loo,ly  Miii«- 
yli.  ihrv  ma.l.-  of  it;  "  iIm-  wliilf  """>.  '»"•"  ""  "'•'  '"'"'*'' 
iif  il,/ Mohawk.  wnMtU'a  MiiKK'-hamU.!  u  itii  the  Sciircu 
warrior,  rhihl  of  lli.'  --oil.  .I.'aliii-r  tiioiu:!  woiiiicIh  willi  tli.j 
huvom-r  ..rtho  halih.t  ;  falling  '•'  <'"'  '■'"•'''  ' '^'»•'!";'•' 
thdr  Irfi  haii.l.-..limh.'«l  \n  vmU  otlirr'rt  hair,  tliurri^rlit 
haii.l  Kr.i-pi»K  i"  Hi"  (."ip'.r  .h'ath  llu' ki.ilV  i-hmi,"'!  •'! 
,,a,.h  othi'r'^  Ihhoiii."*  Ihrkinur  wa-  riioilally  wiimU'il, 
but  ivmaiiicl  on  tlu>  li.l.l  }.'iviii«  «»nli'ix  t.)  tin-  la^-t. 

After  a  striiw'^'  '»''  '«'"  '"""'"'   ''"'  '^"^"J-"""  ^^ '""''■«'^^■• 

Iraviii"  Mvtv  ..f  th.'ir  warriors  tU'a.l  or  wouiuU-tl  iKiii-alh 

tla>  [vvv^.     On  tia-  ..llu>r  .i.l.'.  tlu-  hiooil  of  oviT  one  hun- 

drc-a  uml  til'ty  of  the  bo^t  ami  bravo-t  fiv .'holiU-rH  of  Iho 

»  IUhioI'I,  V"1   IN- 


l)(i 


AUNoi.u  iti-ioui;  a)N(iUi:.s8, 


;;,lU>v  (.f  tl.o  Molunvk.  criins.-.u-l  llio  giwn  swanl  of  tho 


.l,„aan.:i  liltvsiila..lunl  IT-.n.  tl..  ImtI  .umUv  Ul;.nrl 
WiUotl  ;  tl..vei.U.iv,l  ii;rnin.i.  aiul  captiirul  live  Hntisl, 
,1.,.,.,  privah.'pai.Ts.all  tl..'  kettles,  l.laula-ls,  an-  iurnHu.s 
orilu!  Imiians,  will,  a  .squa.l  of  ,.vis..M. ...  a.wl   rHunu-l 

'' fIu-"  ll.e  lirsi  tinu.u  captured  Rriii.^h  Haf?  llnato.l  bonoat). 

tae  sti'.vs  aii'l  stripes. 

Tl.eln.HiMH.lVautirat  the  .<lun-l.ler  ot  ll.eir  eluel.  a,..! 
Hulk-d  hvthe  l..ssnnheir  l.lankels  a.ul  furs.  l.e^raM  to 
tlosert.  Thev  had  heard  of  the  approach  .d  reu.iune- 
nients;  it  nd-ht  ...eau  anulher  Herkimer,  lor  Seluiyier 
hud  deta..l>ed  a  hrii^'ade  of  ei;;ld  hundred  n.-.n  under  (.en- 
c-ral  [.earned.  Arnold,  however,  ruh<nhnr>l  I"  Utk,  .vm- 
maml.  Hewas  instr-.ieted  to  eall  out  n.ditia  as  he  ad- 
vaneod,  im>teet  the  settkMuents,  an.l  repel  the  enemy. 

A.Ti;in.'  at  (;evman  Flats  Arnold  eouuted  his  lorces, 
and    found    he   had    tuelvo   hun.lred  n-ular-.  and  ahout 
,.,H.  hun.lred  n-ihtia.      He   .  Iso  learne.l  .hat  SI     Lepr  ^ 
r.ree  w  IS  sevnleen  hun.hed,  iui'ludiufi'  a  thousand  Induins. 
Arnold-s  lor ee,  with   the  -arrisun  of    Fort   Stanw.x.  was 
<,aite  o-iual  to  that  ot  .i.e  enen>y  ;  but  he  was  no  Indian 
lUhter,as  the  "Cedars"  had  proved;    he  therefore  di.- 
putchcd  a  messenger  to  (ieneral  (iates,  ^vlm  bad  aj^am 
superseded  Sehuyler,  asking  for  a  thousand.  1,.!..  troop 
]li  also  issue.l  a  pompous  and  wordy  ..roc'lama  ion  iul 
„r    promises    ;>   those   who   would   suonut,    and   d.refu 
thrtidsto  sueh  as  e(mtinued  in  arms  apun.t  the  Lnited 
States      lie  then  ventured  lo  move  forward  towan.  1-oit 


Stanwix.  ,     , 

A  sin-ular  turn  of  idTairs  here  oeeurve.l.  A  .,>>  had 
been  captured  and  bron-ht  into  the  Ameneun  eam]. :  an 
inhai,itant  ..f  that  v.einity.  Sparks  says.  H'^t  i;'^;>";'"-';>; 
Colonel  Brooks  of   Massaehuselts  suggested  that  he   ut 


I  swaiil  of  tlio 
y  of  iwo  l>un- 

UM<Kr  Ci.lnlirl 

rullivc  British 

!,  mill  fiirruiics 

ami   rcliiriH'il 

lloatodbonouth 

iuir  rliiil's  and 
hirs,  iH'fjiin  to 
[1  of   iviiifort'o- 
r,  for  Se'lniyler 
1..U  under  Ueii- 
L-il  (i>  lab:,  coiii- 
litiii  as   lie   iid- 
tliL'  ciR'iny. 
utod  liis  forces, 
diuv  aiitl  alxtut 
liat  SI.    Lc^ier'.s 
loiisaud  Iiidiuns. 
•t  Staiuvix.  was 
L'  WHS  no  Indian 
0  thorcforo  di.s- 
who  bad  af,'ain 
nd  ligiii  troojjs. 
rockniiiition  i'ldl 
ill,    aud   direful 
alii.>t,  the  United 
ard  toward  Fort 

!f(l.  A  .-i)y  had 
[■rieun  euMi]) :  an 
,  that  i/ieutenant 
•sted   that  he   he 


AiiKoiJi  ni;i'i)iii:  coNMiUEsa. 


m 


sent  to  llie  eiirniy  with  falso  intelliirenee  ;  he  wiis  to  re- 
port llie  ai'iiroacii  of  a  lar^'e  army  ;  l>v  this  they  hoped  to 
stiiuidate  llic  dc-rrlioii  oi  the  sava^rt's.  Sparks  also  .^ays 
that  -a  friendly  Imliaii  advised  that  huUcIs  .-Ik.uI.I  l.'e 
shot  Ihroiiuh  his  elotjiinjr.  to  eon'irni  his  slory.'"  of  escape 
from  the  AmerieuM.-.  His  life  and  ihe  sr'curily  of  Iiim 
])ropfrlv  was  to  he  the  reward  of  his  railhi'ulness,  and  his 
hrother  was  detainni  as  a  hosta^'e. 

His  pari  was  handsonu'ls  performed.  A  second  me.s- 
sen.u'cr  followed  ieavd  afler.  and  ma.irnilied  the  nnmltei* 
threel'olil.  'I'lu'  ruse  was  perl'celly  .-ueeessfiil.  A  panic 
seized  the  India'ss.  who  .-lood  not  iii>on  the  order  of  their 
<,'oin;.%  hut  plundered  their  IViei|i|.s  as  if  they  hail  heeii 
their  eiu'inies,  boarin;,'  oil"  as  their  booty  the  elolhing  of 
the  Hritish  ollieers,  boats  ami  provisions.  '\'\r'  panic  coiii- 
numieated  itself  to  St.  Le;,'er'«  force,  and  though  no  man 
l.ursaed.  the  retreat  became  a  lli;;ht,  leaving  lifty-nino 
teut.s  .standing,  with  nuich  baggage  ami  equipage. 

The  news  of  St.  Leger's  retreat  reaelied  Arnold  twenty- 
two  mile.s  from  Slaiiwix,  but  this  otlieer  could  by  no 
means  omit  the  piinc'iilio  of  marching  on.  and  in  jterson 
cnterinif  the  fort  with  cidors  Hying,  without  having  struck 
a  blow. 

A  swift  march  1)aek  to Ciatos' army,  upon  whir-h  Hurgoyno 
was  now  pressing  down,  would  have  been  more  useful, 
but  it  would  have  lieen  no  "exploit."  Arnold's  letters 
conlirm  the  above  slatemenls. 


•'To  (JicNKiLM.  (Iati;s. 

"(Jkkma.n  Flats,  AuiTust  21st,  1777. 

"  Dear  (h'Hrv(tl :~\  leavi'  this  place  this  morning  with 
twelve  tuindred  continental  troops  and  a  handful  of 
milili.i,  for  Fort  Stanwix.  which  is  still  besieged  by  a  num- 
ber e-jual  io  ours.  Yun  nlioU  /ic/ir  of  7111/  di'iiif/  rii:/(iriinis 
or  no  more.     A.s  soi»n  a.s  the  .safety  of  this  jiart  of  the 


".IS 


AiiM'Mi  I'.i'.riMii;  <'(>NMiii;s! 


,,,„mtry  will  luTM.il.  I  will  lly  In  y..ur  assistance.     (Ini.ml 
lliTkimiT  (li'.''i  ycstcrilay. 

*•  I  am,  I'll'. 

••  HkX EDICT  AUKOLD." 


"To  Okni:u.\i-  (Iati"-'. 

'•  iMiiiT  |)AYT(>N,  AufruHt  2;M,  17.7. 
'■  n,.,r  <ln,c,-nl:-\  ..n.tc.  vu„  ..>.  ih..  -.'Ist  frun. ' (Imuan 
Flats'  an.l  miucstotl  von  t..  s.'.wl  me  a  iviiilunvMiHit  ul  a 
tlw.usau.l  liirl.t    tfoops.      As  tl..  H.cn.y  i.a.l  n.a.lo  llie.r 
„pp,,,aciK'S  witlnn  two  liu.uiiv.l  ya.'.ls  ot  tiu"  lort.  I  was 
d''U.n.u..L.cl  tu  ha/.anl  a  hattl.  fatn.T  li.an  smIUt  t Ik-  garn- 
gon  to  full  a  sacrilitv.     Tl.is  mor..ii.,ix  I  ...a.rl.e.l  in-m  ti.e 
(;muan  Flats  for  tl.is  i.lacv.     llcv  1  l.av.  niot,  with  an 
oxpress,  with  an  enclosed  letter  from  Colonel  (.ansevooit, 
acp.ai.iting  me  that  the  enemy  Inul  jestcnlay  retire    Imm 
Fort   Stanwix  with   prcipitation.     I   shall    immc.ha  >  In 
detach  nine  hundred   mm.  and  make  a  iV.rce.l  n.arci.  in 
hopes  of  cun.ing  nj,  with   their  rear  and  seeunnp'    he.r 
can.ton  and  l.a-a^^>.     1  have  sent  an  order  tor  tl  e   ,,u ht 
tr,M.i.s,  if  y.m  have  sent  any,  to  return  to  y.m,  .nd  the. 
militia,  to  go  home.  , 

'■  I  iiin,  etc. 

"  Hi;Nf.i)i<  r  AiiSOi.D." 


r: 

% 


"ToGexkkal  (i.VTICS. 

"(ii'.llMAN  Ft. VPS,  Aujiust  3J^tl»,  1<<7. 

-  Drm-  a>urral:-\  rea.'hed   Fort  Stanwix  on  the  ;>4th, 
t.,„  late  after  so  fatiguing  a  march  to  parsne  the  enriny 

tl.at  evenin-.  The  nest  n.orning  a  .Ictachme.d  <.t  Iinc 
Inu.dred  followed  them,  hut  a  heavy  rain  ca.ne  ....  an.l 
ohiiged  tlieni  to  .•elire.  except  a  small  party  who  wen  as 
lUr  as  O.ieida  Lake  rn'rinnfj  just  in  t!>„e  to  sec  J  lu'  hts  ,,f 
tlw  mm,,  >iounj  of     Theiv  is  nothing  to  he  teared  Inn,. 


I 


1.1 


f 

IS 


AiiNoij)  iii;rf)ui:  coxdiiiHs. 


00 


mco.     (li'iu'i'al 


T  AliXOLl).' 


ufjiiHt  2!t(l,  1777. 

friiin  '(icriiiiin 
irorci'Miciit  of  a 
111(1  niiiiU'  (liiir 
tlu'  litrt.  I  was 
siiUVr  till-  giirri- 
iirclu'd  iVoiii  tlio 
ve  mot  with  im 
)m'l  (iiinsevoort, 
(liiy  rctiivil  I'l'iiin 
all    iiniiu'iliiili  ly 
I'divcmI  iiiiircli  in 
I  s('ciiriii;.'  Ilu'ii* 
lor  fur  tl  o  li,!-'l't 
to  vou,  iJiid  Iho 


lUT   AllSOM>.'" 


ViiRust  2Sili,  1777. 
iwix  on  till'  ;Mtli. 
)ursue  tlu'  ciK'iiiy 

tiK'lniR'llt  of  lUi' 
liii  canic  on  and 
Kivty  who  went  as 
('  /o  SCO  the  his/  of 
to  he  tViirod  from 


I 


111-  I  nrmy  in  llii.s  iiuarlrr.     Yon  ip.iiy  drpi'iiil  npon  my 
joining'  yon  as  soon  as  iius^ilik'. 

••1  am,  lie.  !5r;M:i)iiT  Ai:Nni,it.'' 

lie  makes  no  allnsion  to  llif  rn-r  and  [nolial'ly  Knew 
noiliinirof  it.  uliicli  coiiiii'ms  S|iarks'  .aatcmiiit  cniicci'n- 
iii;,' Colontd  IJroolvS.  liiil  Si.  l.c^'rr's  jianic  was  doiddlcs.s 
more  larjridy  ov.inj^  to  the  I'cvcrlii'raiion  of  Siai'K's  <:iins 
from  Hi'iininirlim  llu'  days  Ijidoiv.  'I'lit!  spy  took  tlniL 
iirws  also,  from  the  ,\mi'rican  into  tlu;  liritisli  camp, 
whicli  made  tlu'  rclroat  a  necessity.  Thus  victory  ajj;aiii 
f,'a.c  Arn(dd  the  slip,  res(dv(d  never  to  foiil  her  wing.s  oil 
hi!  .standards.  'I'lic  Urilish  Annual  ifeiristcr  .slid,  (ianse- 
voort  and  Willet  "meriteii  the  prai-e  oven  of  an  eiK'iny." 
Wash i Hilton  decdared,  "  it  wa.s  Herkimer  who  lir.st  ri'verscd 
tho^iloomof  the  Northern  campai^iti."  'i'lie  hero  of  IIk; 
Mohawk  valley  served  from  lovi' of  country,  not  for  re- 
ward. He  did  iiol  want  a  continental  command  ornn)ney. 
|[e  ilied  soon  after  the  hattic  and  ('on,i:rc>s  decreed  him  a 
inoiinment  ;  to  (Janst'voort  they  vded  thanks  and  a  com- 
mand; to  Willet  an  ele.uant  swiud.* — is  it  not  com|ietent 
in  this  centennial  recall  of  the  fathers,  that  our  historie.i 
and  cv(do])!edias  should  jmrire  them.  "  s  of  such  crr(Mv. 
liv  divorcing  the  mimes  of  Fort  Staiiui.v  and  Arnold,  and 
identifvin?  the  real  heroes  with  their  brave  deeds. 

'riie  repulse  at  Fort  Sianwix  hy  Herkimer  was  the  first 
preat  hlow  which  fell  upon  IJuriroyne.  The  se<MnHl  was 
ni(U\  disastrous  still;  the  overwhelminfj  defeat  at  Heii- 
nini,'ton,  the  most  brilliant  lield  (iiiht  of  the  war,  with 
the  exception  of  ("owpens.  Mori'-an  and  Stark  were  nii- 
douljtedly  the;i;rcat.  Ii(dd  execulives  of  the  I{evo!uti.»n. 

f/xmed'  l)y  Herkimer  and   Stark,  with   their  brave   fol- 
lowers. Hurtroyne  canu'  halting''  to  tlu'  battles  of  Saratoga, 
to  meet  his  .lOom  at  the  hanils  of  .Morgan  and  his  rilU  iiu'ii, 
with  the  patriot  yeomam-y  of  New  York  and  New  Kn^dand. 
*  Biihcrot't,  Vol.  i\'. 


XI.-1777-1780. 


IIOUATKJ    (JATIOS. 

TlIEMortlicni  iiriiiy  liiy  (MiciiiiiikmI  nine  iiiil(  s  i.lmvo 
All.iiiiv.  iiciir  tlio'iuoiith  ol'  llie  Moliawk.  On  Hit' 
llHli  Aii^ni.-t",  lir;.  (iciKTiil  (iiitL's  u,s.<iiiiu'cl  coimiiiiml  and 
(u'limil  Silinyk-r  ivtiroU.  .      . ,,       , 

Wlio  was  IliiH  man  HatoH?  Knplisl.  l.y  l.irtli.  All  aiillior- 
ili(s  ;i-m'  tliat  liis  niotlicr  was  lioiisfkccpcr  lor  llir  si'c.in.l 
DnK..  of  I,oc(ls.  Irvin-  >ays  liis  IuIIkt  wa<a  captain  in  tlio 
UritiMi  arniv  ;  Sarfr^'i't  *'V>  lu-  was  a  ivspcctal.lc  victuall.T 
of  Kcnsin^iion.  Thai  wliilT  of  imwliolfsoni.'  atMu.^pli.To 
put  a  vinirintohis  bloo.l  tluit  lu>  never  lia<l  the  slainina 
to  tlirow  otr,  th..ugh  transphmtetl  into  (lie  nioiiiit.iin  air 
of  IVce.loni  that  iiourishe.l  I'atriek  Henry,  Moi-an,  Joi- 
ferson.  and  \Vasliint;ton.  He  had  aceoinpanied  liraddoek 
upon  his  exiicdition  to  Fori  |)u(piesne,and  was  wounded 
in  the  hattle;  he  iTtiinied  to  Hnfiland.  Imt.  dissitislied 
with  his  prospeets  of  i)roinotion.  he  sold  his  eoniniissi..n 
in  the  liritish  armv  and  onii}?ratcd  to  Virfrinia. 

Here  ho  renewed  his  ae.piaintanee  with  WashniLrton. 
lli^j  militarv  eaveer,  throiipli  the  war  of  Hevolniinn.  was 
one  of  intri-ue  rather  than  of  service.  His  .-xi.loits  .an 
W'  more  than  reek.med  on  the  tiiifreis  of  on.'  hand.  In 
fa.-t.  Saratoga  and  Camden  ineln.leall  that  e..uld  heealled 
aetive  military  service. 

Appointed  Adjutant-deii.'ral.  with  rank  oi  Unpulier- 
(leneral.  lie  accompanied  Washin-t.-n  t.)  Canihrul-e  m 
dune  1715.  He  be<ian  at  once  to  elann.r  f..r  an  indepen- 
dent command.     He  was  appointed    t..  Canada  the  luxt 


k 


IIOHATIO  HATES. 


101 


10  mill  s  i.lmvo 
Kiwk.     Oil   till' 

(lllllllliliul  iiiul 

til.  Allaiitlior- 
|nr  till'  scctiiid 
;i  ('ii|itiiiii  ill  the 
taliU'  victiialli'r 
iiif  atllUl^lllR'^o 
;iil  the  .staiiiina 
>  iiioiiiitaiii  air 
V,  -Miiriraii,  Joi- 
auictl  15ra(iclo('k 
(I  \vii<i  wouiiiU'il 
liut.  (lissatisfu'd 
lii8  toiiimissidii 
liniu. 

til  WasliiiiL'ton. 
licvuliiiidii.  was 
lis  i'\i)loits  can 
f  (iiic  hand.  Ill 
t  c(Hilil  he  called 

ik  of  Hripidier- 
0  ('aiiihriil,!;v  in 
fur  an  indcpen- 
'aiiada  the  next 


i 


year;  hiii  ilir  rNpcditidii  waxdeml.  ami  lie  met  tlio  relmiN 
iiiL' ariiiv  a!  Crown  roint.  .Inly  III'!. 

The  only  military  event  that  marks  his  adiuini'lralion 
there,  was  the  hiiildiiiLf  and  al'lerwards  ihe  .«iiliiiteriii>jiiiid 
hiirninir  of  the  Lake  Meet  iiialer  Arnold. 

A  few  weeks  allrr  ihal.  ihoiiiih  entreated  to  eo-o|ierato 
with  him.  he  left  W ashiii^'toii  in  his  dire  extremity  at  thu 
passa^'e  of  the  Delaware  and  hurried  on  to  Coiijfress,  then 
sitlin;,'  at  lialtiniore.  to  pii-h  his  own  fortunes.  A;iaiii, 
in  the  .sprin,i,'of  ITil,  \Vasliinj;toii  entreated  (iatt's  toeomo 
to  his  aid,  as  lie  was  doiiijj  notliiii",'.— hut  vainly;  he  was 
.still  maiii'iiveriiiji  for  an  independent  coiiniiaiid  of  ihe 
norlhcrn  department. 

He  siieeeeded.  and  jostled  the  old  patriot  SehiiyliT  iVi'iii 
his  post.  Selinyler  appealed  personally  to  Ci-n^'re-s  and 
was  re-iii<lated.  IJiit  al'ler  the  fall  of 'rieuiidero;,Mi.diily  r)lli, 
1?;;,  dates,  with  the  New  Kiifflaiid  iniliiciiee.  directed  the 
odium  of  the  Ui.suster  ii|ioii  Seluiyler,  and  Coiijiress  aizaiu 
superseded  him.  On  August  I'.ith,  iiiiniciliately  following 
the  important,  victories  of  S'.anwix  and  l'>eiiniiij,'toii.  (iates 
took  eomnuind  of  an  army  ahly  olliivred  and  lur;,'ely  out- 
numherini;  the  llritish  forces. 

Here  ho  assumes  the  role  (d"  the  coiKpieriii^r  hero  and 
crowns  his  own  brows  with  stolen  laiirtds. 

After  the  surrender  of  Uiiru'o.vne.  Congress  makes  him 
I'residi'iit  of  the  Hoard  of  War.  thus  virtually  imtting 
\Vasiiin;;tou— in  eclipse  at  Valley  Forj," — at  his  mercy, 
(liites  is  now  emholdeiu'd  to  the  infamous  work  of  the 
'•cabal,"  which  had  some  strong  siipjiorters  in  Congress, 
(ireat  elTorts  weiv  made  by  tlu'  conspirators  to  win  over 
Patrick  Henry,  then  (iovernor  of  Virginia,  and  Laurens, 
I'resideiit  of  Congress,  Jiiit  their  iiro|iusals  were  met 
with  disdiiin — the  people  and  the  army  stood  loyally  to 
the  "  cliiel  "  ;  Congress  had  salt  enough  to  save  it,  and  tho 
" cabal "  returnou  V    jdague  i'<  inventors. 


ur.» 


llOliATIO   (iAtr.S 


fi 


Mi 


4"lu-simc  fill.' lu'f.ll  II  projcctrtl  cxjUMUtion  t<.  Caimt'a, 
,,nmu..'.l  l.v  (lute-  lit  tliiH  liiiic.  NNilli.nil  cuMKiilliii-  Wii.hIi- 

ill-Mull.  lll.(i    l«>   ll'f   cnllimi.iul    nf    Wlli.ll    ll.'   UlilM.llll.tl    l,a 

V^\v\U\  Willi  II  li'M"'  "'■  'li'i'wii'J-'  'i'""  ''"">■  '''■'""  ''''^  ""'" 
.ri'im.r  I'l.  \Vasliiii;.'tuii.     S.  iiiitiiiii;ialr.l  a  failiiiv  r.-iillr-j 

in  (■.„i"n'H^<lii'-'''tiiii,'<''il'''^  '"  iiii'l'i'l'il^''  i""l''".-'  ''"'•I'"'' 

Withuu?    IMTvinllslv     .■..MMlltil.,-     llir    (•..llllliall.l.'.-lU-d.lH, 

wl,.,  stnu.1    now  l.i-lHT  tliaii  .N.r  ill  alli'MinmliMus.     I,!i 
Kiiu.ttc  writi's   I.)    his  IuI.ac.I    fri.ii.l    in   an   c.viiii.Mldy 

(■liimniu^'  iiiaiiiici*;  

"  l"i.i;MiN(iitiN.  I'.Uruary  ll,  ln^*. 

"  U,,  Dnir  i;n,rni/:~\  (■.iiiiinl  IH  my  •rui-ii'  '^o 
uiilioi'il  iiiKiii'.'  lliis  n..|,urtimiiy  Mrwniiii.i.'  to  yuur  Ivv 
....llcii.  \.  Ilinii-li  I  liail  ii"t  vcl  pulJir  l.usmrs^  |u  s|..aU  i.|. 
I  ni,  oil  \rrv  >ln\\iv.  sniiiciiiiii-^  (IivihIkmI  Iiv  Taiii.  some- 
liin'scovriv'.l  l.\ MM.w.  ami  ii<«l  niUrlaiiiiim  maiiv  liaii.l- 
snm,' llioii-lilsalMm!  ilic  i^rnj.rh.i  inciirMuii  into  Caiiaila. 
ir  siuroscs  wtTc  to  Im'  lia.l,  it  would  siiri«ri.-o  inc  in  a 
nio-a  a"rmil.U-  maiiii.r.  Lak-' ('iiaiii|.laiii  is  loo  c.ld  lor 
,„.,„luciii-  llu'  lra,-t  l.il  of  laiiivl,  and  it'  I  •-ii  not  starwd, 
1  sliall  Iti'  as  proud  as  if  1  liad  L'aiiird  llircc  l.attk's. 

••Mr.  DiuT  liad  ^'ivcii  t(.  iin'  a  nndr/.voiis  at  a  tavern, 
hut  iirhwh/  mis  In  be  funixl  Ihrrr.  I  faiirv  \\v  will  he  with 
Mr.  C'onw'ay  sooner  than  he  told  me.  They  will  |)erha|)s 
aui/jiirr  Ctni'iild  />r/orr  iin/  iirririiK  iun\  1  expeel  to  nieel 
them  at  the  |L'overiior"s  house  in  (iuehee. 

(•(Hild  I  helievejorom'siiifrleiii  laiit.  that  this  iiompous 
rnimiiiniil  of  it  nnrtlirni  iiniii/  will  let  your  Kxeelluney  lor- 
P't  a  little' voura!)seiit  friend.  1  would  send  the  project  to 
the  jdaee  it" (Mimes  Iroin.  It  is  a  very  nielaneholy  id.a  for 
rue  that  1  cannot  foll.iw  your  fortnn.s  as  near  your  person 
as  I  could  wish  ;  hut  my  heart  will  taUe  very  sincerely  its 
jvrl  of  evervthin,!:  which  can  happen  to  you.  and  1  am 
ulreadv  thinkinjr  of  the  a.-reealile  moment  when  I  may 
c.mieilowu  to  assure  your  K\e.!!ency  of  the  most  lender 
niTcction  and  hi.irhest  respect." 


lIUilATHi   liATK.s. 


109 


III)  III  Caiiiii'ii, 
Milliiiu'  Wii'li- 

M|i|luillll'll     \i>i 

fruiii  \m  iillr- 
iiiliii'f  rf-iilti''l 
niliiii.u'  I'nriln  r 
;ill(i<l-ill-«llii'l', 

iiiiations.  I.!t 
ail   ixiiuitiiU'ly 

liruary  (t,  177S. 

my  ^riiiili-  po 
\>i  {(I  yuiii"  Kx- 
cs-t  III  spiak  III", 
li\  ruin,  sdiiic- 
11^'  iiiiiiiv  liiiml- 
II  iiiti)  Canada, 
irjirix-  nit'  in  a 

is  tiMi  (Mild  I'nr 
••>n  nut  starved, 

l.attks. 
MIS  at  a  tavfrn, 

lie  will  lie  with 
loy  will  |»(  rliaps 
oxiH'cl   t(i  nu'L't 

at  lliisiionipons 
I'Acc'ik'iK'y  lor- 
d  till'  project  ti» 
inclioly  idea  for 
icar  your  ptrsdii 
cry  ."^iiifcrtly  its 
ymi.  and  1  am 
lit  when  I  may 
I  he  must  tender 


i 


Afjain,  uixler  tlate  nl"  March  'i't,  JIT.** : 

*' Dntr  (iotirnil  :—\  am  very  .^eiiHiliJe  nf  tlic  pnodno*'.i 
which  Irii-i  til  ili.->ipalc  m_\  fear-^  iiImhiI  that  riiliniloiiH 
Ciiniiilinii  f.ijinHliiiii.  At  the  pn'<cnt  lillli'.  wc  kiKiW 
which  wa-  the  iiini  of  llic  •  lliuioraldc  IJuard,"  and  for 
which  prn|iei  ilnvc  or  I'liiir  nim  hau-  rushed  the  coiinlry 
iitlu  a  ;rrial  expense,  uiid  ri.-Ked  the  icpiilalioii  of  our 
iiriiiH  and  Ihciil'coi'  many  hundred  men,  had  tlu' frcncral 
(your  deceived  I'riend).  Iieeii  as  la.-h  and  fnnlish  as  they 
si'ciii  to  Imvc  expected.  O,  ,\ineri<'an  freedom!  what 
shall  lieeoine  of  you.  il'yiiu  niv  in  such  liiinds  y  llovever, 
you  know  I  have  wroto  to  Coiifiri'ss.  ami  as  soon  as  their 
"leave  will  come,  I  .-hull  let  Conway  iiavr  the  command  of 
these  lew  re,<;imi'iils.  and  I  shall  inimcdiatidy  join  my 
rcsiioctahle  friend.  My  only  desire  is  to  jnin  you,  and  tlio 
oiilv  favor  I  have  askeil  of  ymir  coinmissioners  in  France 
lia<  liceii.  not  to  he  under  any  orders  but  ihoso  of  General 
WashiiiL'lon. 

"  With  the  utmost  respect  and  alTection, 
"  I  have  the  hunor  to  lie, 

"  La  l''Avr.'rri:."* 

After  this  (iatcs  occupied  a  post  on  the  Hudson,  l>ut  the 
tide  of  war  <lid  not  roach  it.  In  ImO,  he  obtained  leave 
of  al)seiice  and  went  home  to  Viri:inia  to  look  after  his 
private  alTairs.  In  Jiiiic,  ITKi),  he  was  ordered  by  Con- 
irress  to  take  the  command  of  the  Sontliern  department, 
then  ovi'rrun  by,  and  in  possession  of,  the  Hrilish. 

lie  went  to  Camden  Ani^'iist  r.sO,  and  there,  undcrtak- 
inu'  to  lij;lit  his  own  battle,— Camden  priok.s  the  bubble  of 
Saratoga,  and  he  ffcts  his  (|iiict us. 

*  Spiivka' C<>rr(Si)OHdvHCi,\o\.  \\. 


•>- 


XII.-1TT7. 


TlIK   liATlLK  Ol'   'llll':  (((I-ONKIA 


■f 


It 


iiliinini 


••  \  <rnliirv  hcfiiM'  niir_'<.viM'-i.  «'nni|'i»ll?i'.  Kmiit.'iinc,  i\1>l"-l  "f  Kivti.li  r. 

,..„„mi.n.|.  r,,'lu„l  |....|"'-'l  In  .nnw  MU«ln-I  n.lony  „f  N..«  Ynrk  h>  Mm.  .mn« 

r,„.lr  full,.«v.l  l.v  IliirL'Myn.  In   f.r;.     Kr.i.ic..  -..»  ll.ul  n|"M,  llml  n.t,  ihralr.-  uf 

«a,«lMTrllrlmli,  hu.l».r.| ron.  licr  ihn  (-"nlr..!  nf  .1,1- n.niln.nl,  Imt  m,H.  nt 

...HM.y  lm.l  iHM.n  l«.«lrn  I7  Ih-  ...w  iM,«..r  «l,Uh  «..-  .,„Im,.1.,«  u|.  """  •'"'-••;''•;;• 
T..  111.  yn'Ui-U  ,.,s,.,ntn..„l  11,1- v  iftury  l.a.l  «  M^'ui.Uiam.  Hmt  ....  llku  victor, 

COUl.l  llUVt  liil.l  U|lil.l  .illllT  lll'lcli"." 

LII'TLK  th.-iiu'lit  111"'  iTiiv.'  spirif.^  that  nmrcluMl  out  on 
^  lliiil  lUtli"..!'  Scpt.inlifr.  T. ;  r.  I"  nrivst  th.'  ad- 
xaiurof  H.ir'r..viu>Varmv.  tliat  ll.al  l.atll.-.  witl.tlirlin.il 
one  M.  s(.(.u  t.)  r..llow,  wm-  {«  Ih'  iviiu'inl... nd  aMl..ll^' li.o 
gival,  .liTisivf  l.attlcs  of  llu-  af,'.'.s :  wiili  Maratlmii.  M.lau- 
ni.S  Tours,  Orlcau-^.  I.iiizcii,  and  Wat.Tlo...  "Tli.'y  ImuI.I..I 
hviWv  tl.aii  llu'V  knew."  H  was  the  turning'  ti(K-  ti.at  wua 
to  leart  on  to  Viotorv,  securin-,' a  vast  rontincnt  dowcn'.l 
Willi  cvcrv  pliv^inil  fssontial  of  a  pmit  nation  ;  iininiasMi-- 
i;l.l.«  aivas  of"vir^'in  soil,  -ran.l  fori'sts,  niatcliU'ss  nvors 
and  lakes,  and  <'onnll(«ss  ImrhorH,  vast  r..al  iiclds  and  in- 
(.Nhaustil.lc  n.onntain  stoivhous.-s  <.f  metallic  w.'altli.-ii 
,„u-nili(Tnt  thfatru  foi  the  iiflh  ud  of  tlu"  -ivat  drama  ..f 
the  race. 

"  WfHtwiinl  tho  roum-  of  i-niiiirc  trtkcs  its  way  ; 
Till-  first  fntir  nets  ulrcmly  imst, 
A  lil'lli  slmll  close  till' 'Irniiiii  witli  llif  dliy,— 

Tiiuf'a  i.;il)l.'Ht  (itl'spriiiK  is  Us  lust." 

Fp  out  of  this  ponderous  natural  foundation  was  to  rise 
apolitical  fabric,  restin-  on  its  stately  pillars  ot  hberty 


L 


.ONKLS. 


(  iif  Kri'iiili  ciiliiiilHl 
,v  Yiirk  li>  III"  "iiiiio 

Hull    M'l)    Ilnlllll'  llf 

iilliinil,  lii'f  Miic'li  III 

IK  U|l  illlurxl-ll'lil'r. 

Unit  III)  llkii  vli'liiry 


lurclicil  out  (111 
iirrt'sl  till'  ai!- 
,  wiili  tlu>  liii.il 
nil  arnoii;^  I  lie 
r;illiiiii.  Mrlai!- 
••'riii'V  liniMcil 
<r  tidi'  tliiit  \vi;8 
iiicnt  (lowered 
)n  ;  iiniiicaHiii*- 
lat  ell  less  rivciN 
lii'lils  and  iii- 
illic  wcallli. — a 
givat  ilruimi  ol' 

Ita  wny  ; 
dny,— 


Hon  was  to  nso 
liars  ot  liberty 


I 


Tin;  HAITI, i:  of  iiii:  <  ()I,osi:i,s 


101 


mid  lau,  whifli  .-li<'iild  cm  iron  and  d.-riiid  a  .-oclal  »\Mvu\ 
ri»o;:ni/,in;;  llir  c'liial  lirtillitrlnMid  ol'  iiiaii.  and,  diiiard- 
iu;(  luredilary  |iri\ilr;.'>-.  ,«iiiiri'  iili!*nliiic  intilliilnal  iVei'. 
doni.  and.  in  lliiiiu-  Hitiriiiial.  al  sDJiilr  lnlcraiifi'  of  i-xeivv- 
tidiij,'  Ittit  inloli'i'aiicf.  Thf  wuild  was  lo  an;  fur  the  thvt 
t'ln",  ajioveinimiit  attem|ili(l  tnlteadiniiiitired  aieurdiii;^ 
III  the  lelielrtof  llie  New  'IVntanielll. 
'I'lie    Urelaraliiin  ol'  liidepeiidi  nee    had    lalleii    liko   t\ 

Ihlllldrllii  't  out  III'    Ihe  clear   iieaselis  M|Hi|l    the   inllen  C>M- 
leaisul"  the  old  world— a  wmd  ol'  tiiiid  doom  I"  'licm.  '"'^ 

lolhe   1 pies  II  Wind  (if  eUTlial   lii'|ie.     A   iialinii  "  Imrn 

ill  a  day"  was  In  illiistralt   il  hei'itre  the  raee, 

'I'lie  Old  spirit  .-lirivd,  and  t>iaiit^  uhi-peivd  :  "ir  we 
III  it  thus  aliine  all  iiini  will  lulie\e  it.  iiiid  whal  shall 
heeuni.'  id' our   phue   and    natiim"?     It   was   ii   .-imie  nf 


and    natimi     .      ..    •■.. 

-whii.-ot  \er  should  fall  iipoll 


sliiinliliii;;.  i  rnek  id'  olTeiiet — wliii.-ot\er  should  fall  upon 
it  >hoiil(l  lie  hmkeii,  and  up  n  w  lioiiiiiioever  it  ."-lioiild  fall, 
it:  would  iiv'uiA  him  to  iiowder. 


it,  wiiiild  f,'rind  hini  to  powder. 

One  thiii<,' iiiiiy  lent  it  ^rraee  to  the  eyes  nf  the  Kurnpean 
^fii\cniiiieiil-i.  'hie  loss  (if  her  ciiliiiiies  winild  elTeetiially 
cripple  I'lnj^laiid.  now  ;;iMun  so  pdweifiil  and  arrojrant 
that  ail  en\ied  ami  haled  her.  And  they  Iimked  on  iin\- 
ioaslv  wateliiii;,'  I'urtlie  niilcoine  nf  her  proud  elTnrts  to 
crush   the  yoiin;,'  ;riant  in  its  cradle'.     Ks[>eci!dly  did  they 

.......1.      ll...      1*.....    ..4*     ll.Ij      ..«' .....I  tl  ...i.      j.f*      till  I'lri  tt'll..      Illiii      lIlM 


crush  the  yoiin;,'  ;riant  in  its  craillo.  .l',s[>eciiuiy  did  iiie'y 
watch  the  I'ate  (d'  this  expedition  of  Uurjfiiyiie  into  tin 
very  heart  of  Hit!  colonies.  France  and  Spain  waitei 
only  for  its  diseoinlilure.  to  arm  airainsi  Kii^landj  am 
thus  seeiire  the  indeiieiideiice  of  the  new  traiisatlaiiti* 
pouer. 


the 
I 

(I 
ic 


-mmmm 


m 


iiii;  ii.vmi:  of  riiK  cuuiniua 


IImVIIo    \nUiivr   hi.'ilul.'l    lul'^lKMlH-  llli'iUII-'.'r  lUKoplr 

wliH  IiimI  |M'n\iil  ill.  iii-«In'  "  •"  -iroii^'  in  Hcir-.ltfi  ii.  ,•. 

Till'  iv\ir«r*  i»r  III.  lliiiisli  arm-  vv.i-i'  u-  mi.I4.  ii  a-  ili' v 
w»'i'c  ili-iiMiiitii-.  Hill  !«••  immllii*  I'lfuri'.  Iln-  K»i«li'li 
I'otii't  ami  iiiiiii-ir.V  wiiv  iiil'>\i<'ii'''l  «ill'  ''"'  •"'"""" 
Hitr.>-.«  ..r  III.' .  \|MMlilinii.  W.irM  ..r  all.  llii\  wi'ic  lli-iii- 
wl\.M  ihl"Ni<arr.l  uilh  ilnir  nwn  atliicsi'im  iit".  lUi'l  «'••<••'' 
it.il  Hulllrii'iitly  i.\i»riv-i  ilioirtni.i.iiii'i  t«l'  llu-ir  proNiiifial 

fdc. 

From  I'aiiaiU  l'»  'ri<uiul<Ti»;rii.  luil  I..  >ii  iv  ^^virl  pnn 
hm/mmi  i.rruMV  viiinritH;  ili"  l.aK'  -  iiii'l  r..rtri'HM's  ki-yx  of 
till'  Niirlli,  wfi'  ill  till  ir  liamN. 

Tln'.v  liail  iTiirlir.l  ihr  l)aiik»i  "l'  tin'  llii'l-'Mi.  iimI  fur 
fn.m  AHmiiv.  nl'ji"  I  x"  l"i'«  •If'ii'f''  !  <J"  v  iniu'/iiit'tl 
tliiii    ilnir  UnU  W'li'  omt.  aii'l  iiiifi.M|.iil.'ir  uii  «'aM\   ami 

„-nval«l.'  .l.'.-c'iil   l<»  N'«  Vnrk.     So  t iM-iit  w.  iv  lli.y. 

tliat    III''    Harnii.'.-s    liMtl.M'l,    l<aily    Arlaml.  an. I    ullu'r 

oniccr/  uiv''^,  tliil  11"!   Iii''iiiil«'  »"  '" puny  iliiir  liiis- 

l.antU.  Till' army  wuH  a  |.i.l<r.|  mu-;  llic  liiii't  inililary 
nr;.'anizali«tnn  »t  Kiif-'laml  ami  ilu- r.iiliii.'nt  li.nl  ((Milrili- 
uh'il  llu'ir  al.li'.t  ll;.'liliiij,'  muU'rial  :  in  <M|ui|.im m.  fn-m 
tlio  liCHt  ar<'n«l>t  t.r  Kiiroiir.  It  fi  imiliiii;.'  to  !«'  ll.^'in■ll. 
Thurc  wasi  no  i|m-limi  nl  tlii'  |"i>'>iial  lira^ry  of  Hir- 
poyr. — of  lliit  111'  IkiiI  niaili' proof  ill  his  lat.' iMinpaiuiH 
ill  I'.rtii^'al— l)ut  jmlKmt'Mt  ii  an  ilrmiiii  a;*  u-x-nlia!  m 
coiin;.'!'.  f"r  lii;:li  p^iK'taNliip.  ami  llii'^  Ik'  lai-knl. 

Ilirforivs  wrn-  li;iir  Mii'-'ii-li  ami  lialf  (lirman.  'I'lic 
({(•rnan  olUirrs  Uciili'^fl,  Uivynian.  Haiim,  Spirlii.  jiimI 
(lall  lail  provi'tl  tluir  skill  ami  i'ourii;.'f  '.lyoml  rasil.  He 
was  Most  ahly  siipporlnl  l^y  his  KiiL'lish  otliivrs.  Sir  .Tohn 
Dyko  Aclami.  Sir  Francis  Clarkr.  the  Karl  Malrarni-;. 
(li'm-ri'ls  Phillips  ami  Hamilton.  Ciiptaiiis  \Viiliam,s  ami 
.loni'sif  the  artilli'i-y.  ami  m.tal)ly  I'V  (ii'iural  Vviv/.cr,  at 
onre  iht' i-liarm  ami  inspiration  i.i'  the  Mriti.-h  army,  ilf 
it  wan  who.  on   that   fatal  ni;Jit  a-sanlf  of  Mont,<:oim'rv 


W 


Tilt"  iivrn.i:  or  iiii.  "  mimnki,**. 


Ml 


II  ctuirnvi'myj 

tlril'   llf    U   |H>0|)|(' 

rMlifrlHi', 

. ml. I'  II  II'  Ihcy 
I'.    111.     I:ii;,'ImI| 

li    (he   Itnlliitiil 
\h\  WlMc  tll'lll* 

lilts  uiiil  nttilil 
llii'ir  |ti'o\iii<'iai 

11   ti  >\\\1{   |)n>- 
rtrfdM'!*,  ki'VM  of 

Iiiil-Dii.  imt   far 

liny   iiiia.'.rint'il 

■iT  nil  «'a.«y   iitnl 

il'llt   Wrl'»|   tlll'V, 
iImI,    illl'l     iillliM' 

ipaiiy  tlicii'  liiiH- 
r  liin'-t  military 
'!lt  li;iil  ((Mitril*- 
'(|iii|iinriii.  I'l'iiiii 
;  tn  Ik'  ih.'il'i'il. 
hraMi'v  of  Hir- 
H  lal><  ciiiiipaiu'iis 
1  iM  u'S'iilial  in 

l:i.-K.(l. 

I"  (ii  riniiii.  The 
III),  S|uiiit.  iiml 
■yniid  (iisil.  He 
ilVnfr-i,  Sir  .liiliii 

Karl  Halcarra-i. 
iiM  WiiliMiiiH  mill 
•iii'ral  Frii7.fr,  at 
[•itish  iiriiiy.     Ill' 

nf   Miiutyrinu'rv 


ii|H>ti  Qih'Ih'c,  piiiij(  lii^  niiiliiiulii  i'>'iit'l-.  Iia'l  Willi  III-* 
tiiyl-  i\,'  iMTi'.iu.l  thr  fii-«-.  i!n'  Aiiiiri.aii  si^'iiul-'  of 
iilliit;».  ami  \miIm.uI  wuiliii^  fmllur  ..r.li'i",  nni««''|  llio 
tlrimi^  lo  iK'ut  till'  jrarri^oii  io  lu'iii-*  ;*  li.-  who  fuiiluroii 

ill  'I'l-oi"  HiNii'rt's  liiiil  .1.  f.iitiirrii |i-"ii  itiiil  fi.Hriiiniil*"! 

Hiillixaii  ;  foivnio-i  in  llii' hit"  alia.  I-.  uiioii 'rit"ii<l>  rojrii, 
he  hii.l  arii-«anl  cliii'tHl  t\\v  n-liviMiiiK  army  of  Si.  Cliilr, 
iiimI  witli  U.i'l»»»l,  liuriii'il  uiul  I'liptiiivil  many,  tU'Miio\iiij< 
l'ii;:y:a;X»'  an  I  arm-'. 

Ilnaiii.'  now,  at  lii*t.  I.  im.  I  liii  •luum  at  llu'  liamU 
».r  "a  I'mmaii  woitliv  "f  liiM  Mo  I."  tt  foi-maii  ••llil'iiO 
iHiiiid"  li.rikUM'  In-  hail  "IiIh  (|iiarril  Jn-t." 

I'ni/.r  vsiili  Tiirl.'inii  wore  llu'  uiily  Uriti-*li  ollliyr*, 
(lir..u;.'liMiii  111.'  uliol'-  war,  who  AmwA  nil/ihiiif  ymiiiH, 

TIU'.U''"  two    llll.lolllili  .lly    )M.<M.'s-r.|     It.        Until     W.'ft'    ollt- 

jri-iiiTallnl  atitl  |miI  to  Mriiuiic  l>y  Paiii.l  Morpiii. 

ThiH  man  I'.a.vr.  tin-  lli^rlilaml.  r,  r..ii-!it  niuh-r  tli.t 
•.pur  ..r  II  puwrifnl  uiHliw.  A  Mimi  ..I"  tlu'  Iihiim-  ..f 
LuMill.  wlii.li  hail  .•inlinavd  tli-'  ran-.'  of  ll.r  |,iM  Stuart 
I'r.tiii'lir,  ami  \nIi">.'  furliinc^  winl  (l"\\n  uith  that 
.lyna-ty  on  tli-  ImM  ..f  Calloihii  Itr..  TIiIh  Kill..!  iiml 
uiiil.iliiMi-*  .l.-.rml:iiil  .ninv.l  tlir  l»nti-h  unnv,  ami  ru..-^ 
inpi.llv  lo  .li-tin-'iion.  IL-  luul  ..hiainol  ilu'  r.mk  of 
Uii^fii.'li.r  (ii'iunil.  loi.l  wu^  H|K'cliilly  wli'cl.'.l  to  cuiiiMiaml 
11  .li>i4on  of  l»Mr;r..vim'H  army.  II.-  iia.l  »l>o  n'.vuca 
n.iiraniv  that  tim  siicM.s.riil  issin'of  thr  I'xpr.lition  w.mM 
avail  to  ivvnko  tim  atlaiiil  Mill  rlfaviiin  to  hU  lioiw.  aii.l 
r..|.Mv  iiH  honors  and  c^tato^.  Trin-  m  tlio  Ira.liiioii^  ..t 
his  amrtry.  h.'  ^ir.lf.1  on  liis  H.u.nl  anl  wml  forth  to 
hattlf  a;,'aiiist  tin'  ri^rht.x  of  Imiiiaiiily. 

lint  from  out  tlio  foiv>l  of  the  N'l-w  World  i-am-  l.i- 
fcarloHS  Hpiril  appoinli'tl  to  unvsl  and  end  hi-*  hrillianl 
cam-r.  Xo  scion  he.  ..I'  an  illii'lrion-  hmisr.  Thoii-li 
only  IV  fviiturv  ajio.  w»'  know  m  littli-  of  hi.*  am'(>.stry  as  uf 
that  of  tho  i.ropiict  of  lloivh,  far  ol!  in  the  misty  dawn. 
*  JiM't'i  ili»t  Aiiuriaiii  lkvol<iU"n. 


lAtri.i:  or  iiir  n»i.»»Mi'.i.it, 


l-'.ti.Hiuli !  Iif  wiw  *<•»  of  U.mI.  wilt)  i«  iil.li'  l»  r»iU»'  i»|»  l.ii 
rliililrcii  iVmn  tlu'  ntuiii*. 

h  WII-.  tint  I  iliiii  u  ri'|»ri-.nttttlv.'.if  flu-  ii.-w  •li'.|»«Mi.ii. 

linn  or   limilll"n.l   ^ll-'lll.l    -IliN.f   III.'  I.ll.ruf   llli--lM.|l|..l 

kuiKlif'Hr  mull'*  niuklii}^.  M..rpm  v»ih  a  ».)tli-ii.li.l  \>r,'. 
wnlirii'iit  o\'  iho  ii.vv  ur-lir  Mi"  11..I.I.  nini -of  ilif  ••nnll 
Ii..yu"  ali't  "mil  i-lililltM"  "niu-  y.Miii;.'  U.|.iil.li«'. 

Hiir '..>  II.**  for.i'*  l»y  Miri.niM  .-limiH.".  iip|»i'.»\iiiiiil'''l 
fiirlil  rii.m..iii».l.-i»lMMil'  r.Mir  lli.Mii.aiMl  Mriii-h.  il.r..'  llmfi- 
niiii.l  (M'iriMii*  aiiil  Ik  th.ai.aii-l  Caiui.liaii  |..\ali'l  -  ainl  III* 
(liatf.  II.'  Iia.l  l.'l"  a  tli..MHaii.l  I..  ptrrU.Mi  'rir..ii.|.  h.^u-* 
II  tun  h.'uvv  «lrulti5  liU  liH'k  "f  ju.l;?niriii  wux  mm  «ii..ttn 
ill  *t'ii.liiiir  olT  Itit  ^"I'VV  Hi'iiii'.wi.k  m.'n.'iiari.'..  iiii.l.r 
Hatitii.  to  I..'  Mirr..iiii'l.'.l  aii.l  Im>..ii.  t.'.l  \'\  Siark'-.  Ii;:lilly 
«'.|iii|i|>«'<l  y.'..iiiuiirv.  I.i-imriil  ..f  .'IiiIiiimiimii  iiimI  |ialri..liiii. 
|»y  Hlii.li  III-  HiifT.'iv.l  11  !..»'.■*  .'f  miii'h  iw.»  liiiii.li-..l  kill..! 
iin.l  f..iir  IiiiimIh''1  |.riM..ii.  r-..  Hiii'>:m\ih'%  army  .1..  r.  a  ..I 
ilaily  ;  lla-  Aiii.riiaii  i'aiii|i  »vut  r.'iiir..iv.'tl  tliiily.  Mm- 
(foyii.'V  urniy  wim  a  »i|.l.ii.li.l  iiiurliin.' ;  ili-'  Am.  li.  an  niniy 
wa'-i  a  Ii\iii'.'.  I>r.'ittliiii;.'.  Imiiiiiijf  M ml.  iii">iii^:  like'  KiiiKiil'* 
wht'fU.  I.v  111.'  ''laiit  or  til.'  liuii;:  fnalinv. 

lM-..m  III.'  Ii"','iiiiiiii;,'  "I"  III"  camiMii;.'!!  larly  in  May. 
iiiilil  111.'  iiii'i.ll.'  of  A-i^'ii-l.  III.'  Ilrili-li  lia.l  iii.i  im  tul-.T- 
><ary  wli.t  lia.l  ill  tlif  ItUMt  iiiliiiii.i'ii,  i|  iliiin  :  ami  .'mii 
n.iw.  n..luillistuii«liii>:  tin-  ivl.iil.'  ..I"  ll.rkim.r  ami  ili.' 
iliuaxt.T  or  llrimiii;.'l..n.  IJiirv'oyiu' iiijmli.i.ni.|y  v.iilnr.'.l. 
S.'|>i.'mli.'r  Mill.  10  fni-H  lln'  I'.ii.l  ";i  on  a  hri.l;."'  "f  l"'alM. 
with  lii.M  f  plni.li.l  train  of  artilUiy.  tlm^'  n»in|.f..mi-iii>i 
his  tham'.'rt  "I"  rt'tivat  Khonhl  it  l».r  .iu<  M.'i'i'*-afy.  'I,. 
..|icam|.."l  .Ml  111.'  h.idil^  or  ;->aiulo;pi  on  tli.-  haiikn  ..r 
thi'  Ihi.l-.iii,   mar  wli.iv    it  ricei\i'N    tli.-    watfi-.s  or   lliu 

Mohawk. 

On  111.'  Mh  .if  Sfpli'iiilMT  Cat.'-'ai'Miy  h'fl  th.'ir.'ncamit- 
imiii  at  ••Siiii'.l."  aii'l  "H  thf  I'ilh  o.'i'ii|.i.'.l '•  H-Ihium 
ll.'iL'hi-."  which  w.'i-i'  al  .-n.'.'  .4r.m;:lv  i'ortilii'.l.  mi'I'T  tli- 
.liicotinn  of  K.>s('iiHko.     Hut  n  f<'W  niil.'<  ir^w  intcrvcnca 


If 


I 


I  rtiUt'  ii|t  \t',i 

I'W  «li»|M'll»!l« 
|||i«   ••  111  lll'll 

•|ilt'tiiiiil  |*rt>* 
.r  till'  •'mill 

i|i|)ro\iitiiit>'i| 
1.  il.rn'  llinii. 
ili't-  mill  ill* 

iriiln|i  ritlfll— 
M    HOW  tllllUII 

■iiarii'x  iiiiilii' 
liiiU'i  li;.'litl_v 
III  |iiitriiili-iii, 

IIMilri'il  killnl 
|ll\   i|(  I  I'l  il  ■>  il 

tliiilv.  IJiir- 
im  I'll  ah  iii'iiiy 
liki'  Iv/i  kiiTi 

aiiy  ill  Muv, 
lllt'l  111!  lul.rr- 
III  ;  iiinl  I'M'ii 

IIIlT  llllil  I  III' 
l«lv  Vi'llllirnl. 
riilp'  nf  liiiill', 
I'lillllM'iillliMli;,' 


I'Ci'^-iirv, 


n, 


llli'   hillikH    of 

ivatt'i'H  of   lliu 
tln'iri'iicainp* 

lied  ••  Hi'lillllH 

ii'il.  iinili'i'  til" 
•>\v  intfi'voniil 


TUii  u.\irt»*  or  riiB  «»m»»w^. 


IM 


„„t.lMl  rHl.m.l  MMi'^im  »„liau..'„..|.«aii.r.  .ul.l:    "A 

Iim.K  ^iv.ii  h.  llii-  •<>»"«««  '•»»•'  »K«1''»rf  »'•'"»  **»'•"' 
ImmiimI*.  will  i.r.'>.'iit  <}.n.ntl  llur-uu,,.  rruiii  ir.tili.!: 
i,„,  lHu'.  lie.'."  n  I'lH^.'.l  ....  Mi.ipiii  «.«'  k.|.i  hi-  HI 
ucUaii.r  uf  llli-  ariiiv.  «.ii.liih«  ll»'  niouiii. nr*  of  tlu' 
•  iKim.  ••  Willi  llii-  III"  ri.v  »f  tiitmkin;^  wli.ii.  v.r  In-  jii»l««'<l 

'^''ll.'.'mvM.,,....  Ii.mI  ih.p'l-l  "»  «•'"''■ "•  "  '"•'•'"•»»»"•'« 

tlu.  Cahu-liuh*  mimI   In.liuiH  «lm.   iImn  vuiv  .h,.  rtlliU   l»/ 

|,ii„i|r..ls  vvl.il.'   ilu'    HritUli   f.;i"l"i-  ' '''    ""I   ''""^ 

th..„u.'h.i    I..V..M.I    lli'ii'    '""'l'.    >^'" '    i.i..v..km;(    a 

,1m.«..|'  ..r    nlU'.tMlU.      Iluip.vm.  riMmin.'l   li<    |"iii>f" 
ImiLUiii...  tlin.nnliniit   III.'  i'.m..iM.!.r..f  Iim  ..m.|iai;:i.  ..r 

th,.  |„linl»l-.   |....ili"ll,    UImI    tllMMMMIIl^.lf    tit-   AllMllillll*, 
Wllil..   Ili.  ..VVII    NV.IV   SVi  II    Ull.l.'l-I I   I'V   l>i*  •'»"»>.  ^ 

•n,..  Hur..ii.-  lUi.li'n'l.  ill  Imt  iiit.'r.'Htiiiir  iM.i.'^.r  iln^ 
,,„ni,mip... um.lv  vvnt-;  ..Tl,.' A.iM'i.'n..^  nnti.iim...  a! 
„„i'  iiinvini.  uiMiml  .'XiKTUi,.  wlii'iM'Vir  »*•  ari'iv.-;  llnsHf 
cmirKi'.  injur."'  ..ni'  alTaiM."  .,  t 

On  tlu.  ni..i'ni!m  ..I'  ili"  I'.mIi.  nnr.'-vn-'  put  hh  nrmr  n 

lion  in  tliiv.'  .■..Ininii...  a  lull'  niilf  ap.iri.      Hi-  1%'lit 

|,,1  hv  l'ia/,.r.  II.-  <->.i'''  liv  l.iii.m'ir.  iin.l  tlu-  i.'ft  nrnvhA 
iiv  till'  river  r'.:i'l  mi'l' '"  ll''i'l.'-'l- 

Mur-'ai.  vva.  .ml  ."'I  l'..r«in"l  t.Mh.v.lup  il.-ir  .nU'iiti..ti<<. 
•\'^u,  r.m.pam-'  un.l.r  M^H  M-n-i'  «.iv  M-nt  iilini.  .  ami 
Mopran  r..ll..\v..l  will.  II..-  main  L.-ly  ..f  Li-  n.riH.  H''  «^'.'; 
uH'as-i  vvat.l.l'i.l  -.f  Hm-  ivar.  -  l..  ^-.'  liut  -yrv  man  .li.l 
1,1.  .inlv.  an.l  H.al  ...wanU.li.l  n.-l  la;-'  l.-l"n.l  nl.il-  l.iavo 
„„,,  rmul.t  in  rr..nt."  M.nii.^.  a  ni..-.t  Hpiiit.'.l  ..ni.rr. 
ImwuviT.  pn-li.'.l  '".  l.M»  nipiaiy.  aii'l  .aMi-  Mul.l.nly  uih.ii 
.,  -trnii"  iiick-t  ..r  III.'  ••nrn.v.  ..r.'upyini,'  a  "n-.li..>iM' ; 
,,.a,.„M.„....,l  iiin.-iri.y  av..ll.'y..fnll;-|";ll-'.  •"'  ""• 
vminv  ivplii.l  i'r..ni  il..'ir  cowrt  with  -.  t'li^k  a  lir-  H.at 
tlK-  Anu'ri.ans.iui.'klv  r.lUm.k  tmvaf.l  tlnirniMiM  i'..lumu, 


If  immi  iiiiiw»BWMMWiii;<')lltt«BI 


f 


\i 


ll(i  'liii:  i.AiTi.i;  ur  iiir.  ((•;,'».%•  i;i,s. 

K'aviii"  i^i'vcval   kil'.ci!  iiii.!  'AniiiKl  m|,  aiul  ovm   t'n')ii;^hl   it. 
iifcv.-'^iicy  (■MlisiM'".-c.   .M(ir;,'im"s  i)i\i(iiiic(.'('i|iiiilK'(l  liiscorr- 
ii^'o ;  In-  wu>  lU'voi'  ui-li  u'llil  Ihr  t'liliic--^  nf  tiiiif,  ilirii  imlli- 
iii,L(c()ulil  excrcd  till'  liiTciU'ss  and  iiii|H'li;(»ilv  dl'  lii-a- 
.siiill.    Coiuiiif^'iipat  tliis  instant,  lie  fnlly  nali/.i  il  t!ic;;ra\- 
ilv  of  tlu' .-itnatinn.     •"  Hut  in  rclr.'ut  or  atlvunci'.  In  llrr  ur 
jturs'U',  to  (lis|H'r.-i'  or  ((ilKct,  wiTc  'Aw  tactics  ol"  tiiis  celt  - 
liratcd  cov))-!.'"     .A!oru''un'.s  ^iunal  was  an  in.stninicnt  niudu 
IVnir  a  tiirkcv-liiJiif  fnrdccuyin;,'  wild  turkey.    In  a  fcwnm- 
nunls  llicdi-iicr-^cil  culnnin  jratlicrcd  to  tlirir  leader,  and  tin- 
wli(de  rei^iinent  advanced  npnn  a  large  liudyol'  the  eiieiiiy. 
3Ioryan  attatdu'il  with  such  vigor  that  the  liritisli  frll  l>aik 
to  an  cniiiiencN'  I'rontiiig  an  ojien  jiieee  of  gro({nd  called 
Freeman's  iMeld-.     'J'he  wrestle  was  for  the  possc.-^-Ion  of 
this  cleared  gionnd.     lJiirgoyne*s  centre  colnnm  heiug  n- 
infonrd,  the  struggle  was  tierco  and  liloody,  Frazer  with 
liis  right  wing  now  wheided  and  dashed  his  eohiniii  against 
Morgan,  who  was  forced  to  give  gmund  and  take  hi.S''  irji! 
to   the   shelter  of   the    woods,     (iatts,  however,   lieari  .g 
of  the  extent  of  tiie  action,  Iiad  disiialeh.-d  the  regiments 
of  Colonels  Scammell  and  Cilley.      'I'hev   took   the    left, 
of  the  rillo  corps,  and  linding  himself  set  i' re  on  the  right 
by  inilienetrahle   thickets  and  a   marshy  ravine.  .Morgan 
a'lain  advanced  and  renewed  tl'c  action  with  redoulded  fury. 

The  iron  hail  of  six  hundred  nuirksmen  forced  hack 
both  eohimns  of  the  Urilish  armv,  leaving  the  ground 
covered  with  dead  and  wounded,  and  their  artillery.  This, 
howiver.  the  .\mericans  couhl  neither  bring  oil',  by  na.Min 
of  tlio  nature  of  the  ground,  nor  turn  against  the  enemy, 
liccause  they  had  taken  away  the  linlstocks.  The  liritish 
(|uiekly  rallied  and  came  down  again.  l'>y  this  time  (iaies 
had  reinforced  Morgan  with  live  additional  regiments,  who 
were  now  opposed  to  tlu'  condjined  forces  id'  l-'ia/.er  and 
liurgnyne. 

Tlie  Americans  numbered  two  thousand  live  hundred  ; 
the  I'.rilisli  aliout  thn  .'  lliousand.  witli  ariillery.  nf  which 


•iiii;  iiMii.i:  or  tim;  m>i.<>m,i.s. 


Ill 


1  tii')Uj^hi  it. 
ilk'il  his  cos:  r- 

IC,  ilu'll   iHllll- 

ilv  ni'  lii  -  ii-- 
i/.i'il  llu'  ;:riiv- 
lli'i'.  In  llt'i'  nr 

I  of  til  is  c'clc- 

•uiiK'iit  inuili! 

In  !i  few  nil I- 

'ikU'V, iiml  till' 
if  the  (.lu'iiiy. 
iti.sii  fi'll  Imrk 
;i'()((nd  calk'ii 
|)(is.~i'.-^>iim  ol' 
inn  lic'iu;^  rc- 
;  i'-razi'V  with 
iliiinii  iiiriiiiisi 
tuki'  liin  •■  H'ji! 
ever,  lieMii  ._:,' 
tlie  re^iinenls 

liiuk    tile     lel'L 

'  iiu  (lie  ri^iit 
vine,  .Mi)r,uiiii 
(liiiilileil  I'liry. 
I  I'lirced  liiiek 
C  tlic  <,nMiiinl 
illery/  This 
oil',  liy  reaMtii 
st  tlie  enemy, 
'I'he  liriti^h 
ii<  time  (iaiis 
.'triiiH'iits,  w  ho 
,['  Fiii/.er  iuiil 

ive  hiiliilre-I  ; 
ei'v.  nf  uliicli 


,|„.    \n..neans   hmi    .mn.'.     The   lialtle    ra.i^t-l  ahm-   Iho 

uh..ie  liii.  Inr  mure  ihan  an  hour;  hut  the  h M  wa^  '»' 

iheAiiieile.ni  ri-hl.wh.iv  Moi-aii  oi'l'-^'-l  1'im/..t.  .\;:aiu 
„„.l  irain  I,.'  ha^  driven  ihe  I'.nti-h  haeK  npou  tlie  .  mi- 
„enee'l..Solld  .he  eleariu-.  Their  eauiel.  Ue.v  h.enlne 
„ln.Hl  e'.h-sririiieirarlilleri.-lshail'.lllMHi  jaeked  ml. 
\I.,r.an  n^v  ma.l..  U,.:  n.i.t  de-i-rate  ellurl  to  charp' 
i.Mhe.minenee.drive  them  i.verthe  hill,  and  turn  iheir 
ijf,  ,,.,,,1,.     lUd    h.re(inek   met  (Ir.ek,  and   Mni-an  was 

M.nol^le  of  a  pni»l  ,lr    rrslshu.rr  whieh    he   eollld  nul  oNH- 

c  ,me  So  thev  sAavcd  haek  and  forward,  alternately  f.Mv- 
i,,.,„a  ,;ilsin-,  ami  the  Uliti^h.amid  iho  hea|.s  ot  the.r 
.h.id  and  wuuiidul.al  la.!  iK-aii  to  siiow  si-ns  ol  yieldiiur, 
,vhen  Ueid,  .el.  I'l-.^hin-  throH-h  the  woods  hronfrhl  his 
,,„,,„„„  u>  the  timely  reseue  of  his  -eiu-ral.  am!  saved  the 
,u,nv  from  a  n-nt.  Krazer  and  linyman  we.v  now  ea-er 
,.,,  ,,„v„net  ehai-e  will,  their  I'lv-h  trooi...  wh.eli  would 
have  inevitahlv  tn.a.ed  the  rort.n.es  of  the  day;  hut  l.ur- 
...vne  onlered'a  .'eti-eat.  His  olVuvrs  wen,'  ehatrnned  and 
l-Vi/er  and  Ueides.l  told  him  Mainly  that  he  d.d  not. 
know  how  to  avail  himself  if  his  advai.ta-es. 

CJeneral  Learned,  with  hi^  Liipad-'.  at  sunset  ea.ne  .il'o.i 
the  Held;  iMt,  the   lliv  had   slaekei.ed  and  the  hattle  wa^ 
,l„ne      The    Amerieans   returned    to   their  camp,  taking' 
,|,,ir  wounded    a.nl  one   hnnd.vd  prisoners.    The  Bntisb 
l,ivouaeked  .m  the  liallle-iield.  and   elaimed  the  vietory-iV 
elaimwhieh  eouhl  .ea.vely  !.■  sustained.     The  Amer.eau 
lo.s  was  sli-htlv  over  thiee  hnnilivd   killed  and  wounded, 
while  that,  of  ti.e  British  exceeded  six  hundred,  besides  a 
heavy  desertion  of  Canadian,^  and  Indian,  after  the  battle. 
\lso  it  was  the  puri-o.^e  and  neeessity  of  the  Hritisli  to 
,vdvanee,  and  the  objeet  of  the  Amerieans  to  prevent  the.r 
advance.      This   was   fully   aeeompli>hed,      !•  urtiiermo.T, 
|,„th  Fra/.erand  IJeide-el.  ollieers  of  or..;,t  judvanent  as  W(dl 
as  braverv,  now  coun.seled    liui-oyne    to  a  si^e'dy  retreat 
across  the  Hudson.     They  knew  that  another  .uch  victory 


1  ( 


!  i' 


«1 

^1- 


11 


iTIUlWWI—   ■lllt-.n 


fta 


riiK  UATii.i;  oi-  Tin:  iui.u.nki.s. 


\\i)\\\<]  la-  tlicir  riiiii.  mid  liiul  im  wi-li  I'it  a  ■' fuu'l  iill 

Uilll    lIlCSl.'   Allliril'ilM   Cnli.lU'l'. 

TIm- iliiv  iitt«r  till'  liiiiilr.  (.Ml' nl'  1 1),' rillr  <'iii'|i.x  liniiiL'lii 
(Inttii  an  iiiiliaii.  iiml  l"niiil  in  lii-  ^Imi-iiinicli  a  IcltiT  IVniii 
JUii'^iivnc  lo  (itiirral  I'uwill. 


"('AMI'   NI'.AK   STII.I.WATI'.II,  Si'jitcllllMT  20.  1TT7. 

'•  Ihvr  Sir  :  —  \  lake  lln'  lii'sl  n|i|i(iriiiiiity  lo  infurni  vnii 
lliat  \vi'  liavo  had  a  sen  smart  and  Inmoralilf  action,  and 
arc  ni)W  cncaniiu'd  in  IVunt  of  tlu'  lirM.  wliicli  iniisl  df- 
niniiMraic  niir  vicln'v  iM^vmid  llic  |Mi\vcr  id'  an  Ann'ricaii 
lU'Ws-writcr  In  i'\|iliiin  away.  'I'lif  Inss  mi  oacli  sidi'  iMniint 
bo  iiartii'iilarlv  asfiTlaincd. 

••  Y(Mir  nl.cdi.ni  sii-vaiit,  .T.   15il!rinvxr." 

<;cn(ral  (iaics  dis|)alrliid  llic  t'ollowin;,' to  lion.  . I,  Ilaii- 
(■(iik,  l'ri')«idcnt  ol'  Con^rrcss  : 

■•  IJiaiMiH  lliaians,  S('iitciiiln'r',"3,  IT77. 

"  Friday  I  «a>!  int'ornird  liy  my  n'ciiniioiliTiiiLr  parties 
tliat  ilu'i'i'icniy  wcrf  mnxin,:;  towanl  diirlrrt.  I  iniiiirdi.it'ly 
dclaclicd  CnluiH'l  MniMran's  cnrjis,  nmsi-^lin.i,'  t'l"  tlic  rillc 
rc^^imcnt  and  the  li^dil  infantry  (d"  the  army.  In  olj.-i'rv." 
llicir  diivcli.in  and  liara-s  their  ad\aii(v.  This  party,  at. 
huH-imst  twelve,  fell  in  with  a  picket  uf  the  enemy,  whirli 
tlicy  imniediattdy  dn.\e:  h'.it  thcciu'iny  lieiii.i?  reini'urced, 
afli'-r  a  brisk  eonlliel,  tliey  were  in  turn  nl.li;,'ed  Id  ivliiv. 

"'riii.s  skirmish  divw  ihc  main  i.^dyiil'  llie  enemy,  and 
a  l)ri,ixade  from  my  left,  lo  snppori  l!\e  action  wiiieli.  after 
a  sliiirt  cessation,  was  renewed  with  .Lireat  warmth  ami 
viuieiiee.  Al  this  lime,  heariiii:  fn>m  prisoners  that  llio 
Avhide  l^ritish  force  and  a  division  of  foreiiriier-  had  eii- 
•'Uiitd  our  party,  1  reinforced  with  four  more  reirimeiils. 
This  eontiniieir  the  action  till  I  lie  cIoh-  of  the  day.  when 
both  armies  retired  from  the  held. 

"Kiuluscd  13  a  return  (d"  our  lo-.  and  I  am  well  a  sni>  d. 


I 


.,,,,,.    iiviTir.    'T   Tin;    ml.oSMU-s. 


m 


.•I'cuuil  iill 
I'ps  |pr(inL''lit 

L  ll'ltiT  IVtilU 


)cr2n.  1777. 
iiitiiriii  _v<m 
jicliiiii.  aiul 
•h  iiiust  tlt'- 
II  Ain.Tifiiu 
I  sidi'  (Miiiiut 

lifiovN'r.." 
Ion.  ,1,  I[;iii- 


l.t-r',>'3,  1777. 

■riiiir  parlii'S 
iiiiiiifdiati'ly 
of  tlic  ritU' 
y.  lo  oli.scrvo 
Ills  |);irtv.  lit 
lu'iiiy.  wliirli 
If  I'ciiil'oi'ci'd, 

(I    to   ITlil'i'. 

'  ciii'iiiv.  and 
wliicli.  al'irr 
kvaniilli  and 
ITS  thai  the 
icr-  liiid  cii- 
IV  rririiiU'iits. 
R'  day,  wlii'ii 

well  a  sill  I  d. 


l,vthr,..nrnnTnt  i.-tiiMunv  nf  pri-niirrs  and  d.-.Ttrrs  nl 
^anun.  .liara.-.  t^  that  <-i..ral  Uni-uyiu-.  who  .niii- 
niand.d  in  i-ri-nii.  ivn.ivc-d  a  wound  m  \u^  1.  It  slioul.lrr  : 
,(,;„  ,hr  ..iMv-s.M-oiid  iv_'i.nn,t  was  .Mit  to  par.-,  mat 
„,„  ,i„,  .,„,,„v  sullViv.l  scvrndyin  ..vrr>-,.iarl.  r  wh...v 
,|,,v  wv,v  .•..;:"a,LM'd.  Th..  ^'.n.Tal  ,i.'ood  hrhaMor  ol  I  u- 
„,.;.i>.^.""  "'"^  inip-HanI  o.ca-ioii.  .■aniu.t  1...  Murass..!  by 
,lH.  n.osi  vn.ran  army:  to  .liMTiniinatr  in  prai^r  ol  ti..' 
,„i,,,,,s  would  1..  i.gustuv,  as  tliry  all  d.^M.u.d.hM,o,,o^ 
„„,  ,,,,|;,„s,.  of  CoM-ivs..  l.i..u,..naut-(oloiirl  (oll.niu 
,„d   l''u,..nan.-Colo.,..l   Adam,  w  hi.  .!.■  -.   oMh-  un- 

rniMiinal.l.raNvwlM   IVll  in   tluar  .ountn  s  raus...  Iniv.  ii 

lastiii-  lUMuorial  -o  iluir  -lory.    'Vhr  armi.s  ivu.a.n  .u- 

,,,„„,uil  within  two. nil.  suf  ..ach.plhrr. 

v'rv  a.Iivi.lv   i,.>l...r.ainly.     Only  th.  harml.-  d.ad 

n.on    ii«vom.n.i..n;.mt   a  word  tV.r  th..    .nu.,.   Mnr.an 
h..,n,af.w.iaysalV,^l..■.^.•ws..sl..m.1Mr.u....n      . 

,„..,<   to  Wa-hin,.ton.   ui.h    th.    phn.  -  i''    'I."     ;""'"     " 
v.mr  KN.dU.m.v  w.a.l.l  not  wi.l.  im- to  ,. art  with  tlu.  .■...,. 

11,0  army  of  (ioncral  I'-urLroync  is  m..«t  alraul  ul. 


..Mur.Ws..ori.sl.nn.th."l..Mn.t..f  tli.  day's  p.'rils.at.d 

.h..uhl  .;ap  111.-  ;:r.at..>haiv  ..fits   Kl|.n.<.l--^>^^ 

«„.oiui    r.-im.Mt   „f   Ilan.il.nn's   bn^n.-i;'.   a,.aii.l    whul 
,,i.  ,,..i„,.',it  .■..nt.mlnl.  l..sMu.arly  two  :.n...h-od  m....a.>. 

;    ;,;for,y-..i,h.   wI...c...mp.....ltl.oar,,...•y.^..^.S- 
^v.,vlik.•wis..arrav(•.lap.in.-n.im,hut,w.l^..     Itth    t    M 
„,..„,,„,.     ,)„,i;,.o.u...f  llu-mostol.^tinat..K...nu....d 
isoftl...  war,in.hi..hu..,1ys.v..n....usand.m^^^ 

v,.n.  ....a,...!,  no.   u  si..,!.'  ..iVuvr.  ahov.  the   rank   ot  a 
:;„..,;,;,ar..lnp.m,h..i.l.lu..nlnij^..l...un    o^^^^^^ 

,.,.." <.,„nl.ata...s.   wIi.m,    (u.-.-val    I.-arn..!    a.   m-. 
•udd    ,..s..r  app.an..l  upon  11..  ^n-oun.'      (l.noraMN.l- 


*  Co,,-,,..!  1V..,„  <;,«/<.»,<:  I.;j\  :/ M"r;i'"i.  y. 


IW. 


tu 


TIIK    IIATTI  i;    Of    Tin:    (OI.ONTLS. 


•I 


kin.-oii  stiitc'  lliiil  lie  \v;i>  f\|ir('s-ly  rmliiddiii  liy  (ImIi's  Ii> 
Vi-il  the  llrlil  (ir  i/iirrf  t!|U'rilli<lllS.  'I'lic  crfilii  nl'  iliis 
trltiridii- ;icl  it'll,  .-u  ^cnii'iillv  accunlcil  ciilnr  In  ArimM  nr 
(Jiih's.  |ir(i|ir|i_\  IhIhii;,'-  t">  iicitlii'i'.  It  >li(>iilil  <.'n  tiMinii  li 
till'  iiniiKMV  III'  ili.-i' uiilliiiil  iiii'M  wliii,  mi;i,-.M-tiii  liyilif 
ilii'i'fliiiL;- liiiiiil  111'  lillii'rol'  Hiiir  ('(iiiiiiMinlris,  rmiplii  ihr 
ItMllli'  iiiiil  Willi  till'  iliiy.  IliMoric  liiitli  iri|iiirf>  iliis  (A- 
liliiliiitiii.i.  ;iiiil  piilil.c  jiislicc  will  ^'ivf  the  liiiiri'l>  tn  IIkim' 
wlm  Willi  tliciii. 

*•  AiiKtiij,'  this  ^Inrioiis  liiiiiil  (if  licnirs,  il  is  no  injiisiici' 
Id  ;isM>rt  that  Moiynii  was  |in'-(iiiiiifntly  disliiiirui'lu'il. 
His  ivLiiiiifiil  was  tir.-l  in  tlir  lirlil  ami  last  out  of  il. 
Where  il  was  ('iiji;ii;;(il.  tlm  strife  w;is  iiiorc  dcaillv  tliaii  in 
ii!i\  other  posilioii.  Its  loss  wa<  irrealer.  in  |iiii]Miriiiiii  In 
lis  immliers,  ihiiM  lliiil  nf  iiiiy  ollur  re;.Miiieiil.  while  I  lie 
imiiiln'r  ol'  the  enemy  whiih  fell  iiy  il.>  hands,  was  iieiiily 
one-hair  of  that  admit  led  liy  Miir;;iiyne  to  have  fallen  in 
the  hattlo.  riioii^h  Morjran  wasdi'nied  the  inerileil  nuii- 
tion  in  dates' conimunieation  to  ('onjj;i'ess.  just iee  claims 
for  him  the  ioreinosl  |iosition  anionj;  those  who  .«iiiired  the 
f;lorie<  of  thai  diiy.  Tosterity  will  freely  aeeonl  him  this, 
and  iiail  him,  arf  did  his  friends  and  iieijrhhors  on  his  re- 
turn iionie  a  few  months  after,  as  'the  hero  iif  Sural ix;;!.' 

'•  The  news  of  this  vietoi-y  was  received  with  ;:re;il, 
denionslralions  of  joy  lhron;:hoiil  the  .•ouiitry.  ami  (laics 
and  Arnold  rea|ied  a  rich  liar\esl  of  nndeservtil  honors 
and  aii|ilausc.''  * 

Uaneroft  nays:  "()n  the  I'.rilish  side,  three  major-;ien- 
orals  came  on  tlio  Hold  ;  on  the  Ami'rican  side,  not  niii'.  nor 
a  hri^adier,  until  near  its  close.  Praise  justly  fell  uimn 
Moi\iran  of  Vir;.:inia  and  Scammel  of  New  Ilampsliire : 
iioUi' otVered  their  live-^  more  freely  than  the  Conlinenlal 
rcjriment  of  Cilley  and  the  Connect icul  inililia  of  Cook'. 
Tlie  American  loss,  incliidini'-  tiie  wounded  and  missinj,% 
was  less  than  three  hnndred  and  twenty.  'I'his  battio 
*  OniJuiiHK  I.ij'i'  iif  Miivijiiii,  \>.  \'\\. 


Tin:  HAITI  r.  <»r  rm-  ('"U.onku'*. 


Iiy  (InlcH  to 

I'ClIlt  III'  lliis 
III  Al'llnlil  or 
i  jrii  III  rlirirll 

-1-1  (I (  liy  1 1)1' 

■i,  i'uliplll  till' 
IIIIT-    lllis  l\- 

\rv\>  til  llm-i' 

>  III)  injiislico 
i,>liii,iriii>li('il. 

ISl     (lilt    III'    it. 

■aillv  tliaii  ill 
it'ujMiriiiiii  lo 

It.    Wlliil-     till! 

s.  was  Ml  arly 
avf  rallrii  ill 
iiii'rilcil  iiirii- 
jiislicc  claiiiis 
ho  .-liaroij  the 
•iii'd  liiiii  llii.-, 
irs  (111  Ills  re- 
Ill'  Saratii'ja.' 
1  wiiji  ^rcat 
ry,  and  (lalcs 
(■rvi'd   Imiinrs 

'I'  iiiajiir-j>oii- 
,  nut  I  UK',  imr 
tly  I't'll  iiiiiiii 

Ilaiiiiisliirc: 
!■  ('(iiiliiu'iital 
ilia  (if  Cdiik'. 
and   iiiissiiij,% 

This  battle 


1» 

IcmI 


,,,■  ,,1,„1  ,|„,  liriii-h  I'l.nr  invtricvalily.  Tl.-ir  I..HsoNnv.h..| 
■  ix  hlllalivd.  or  tile  siMV-Mciind  li/l..M.t  (iiaii-Hcd  l.y 
.Mi.ij.M!.'-<ni|-).  wlii.h  l«'li  •■■"lada  livr  h.ihdrrd  -Ir-i,;:, 
,|,„,,,,,M.a:Mrd  I.,-.  Ilui. -iM>  HI,  1.  and  f.-iir  uf  li^-'  nt'.lr.T.S. 
\  rilli-hi.t  niiaiii  t'nr  liur-..\iH'  -innK  an  «.11i<rr  al  hif< 


.<-i(U 


Spark-,  ill  l.iH  Lil" of  Ai>'"l'l--''v-:'-'''''^"  "'"'"'■ ''"'"'•'• 

IIhT  ..III.  ivd  nut,  imr  liilMlillrd  I"  '4"  ""I-  '"  '"'^"  "">  I"""'' 
i„  ,i„,  a.iluii."  llildivili  iiiaKrs  nil  iiuniinn  "I  In""  i"  <'"' 
li,-t  1,111  Ir.  and  Arnidii'-M\Mi  Iriurs  .niirinn  In- ali-'iav 
V,,,  ihr  irriir  ih-m-  "".  i'l.d  t.i  llil-  day  (iat-^  and 
Avnnld  Hrai-  llu  ir  mirarn.d  liiiinir.-. 

()„r  i-  paiii.'d  III  liiid  lliul  m  tliiil  Mryliand-i.nii'.nniri- 
l„„i„„  ,„  ,,,,.,,1  hi-tnnr  Ihrraimv.  -  KitHrii  |)in-iv 
lliitilcs  ol'  111.'  \V..rid."M..iniii'ni  an  Kn-li-li  .-.  Imlar  as 
l',.,lc<-(ir  Civasv,  falls  inM  thu  .siiii  •  <vo>r  !•>  rnllnNvm^' llic 
llaliaii  histunaii  -  i'.nii:!."  wlm-.'  hi^nry.  thi.i..L:li  m  nuiny 
riMMcts  a  N.TV  i.i.lil"  siati'iiirnt  ..f  "uv  If.M-lminiiary 
,„,,.i,„|.  was   vi'i   wiimn   m..   n-ar  ih'   ditr  ..f  th.'t'v.'iHs 

;i..,rrilird.        TllC    .-mnkr   of   llu'   1.1111.-11'  Id    l.;:il    lint    Hlltll- 

,.i,.nilvcliarid  away  m  di.|•^.^..  tin- tnn'  ml"  "f  Hi'' '"•'">■ 
To  <'\u'  til.'  '-'inrv  of  this  lialll.'  to  (ial.'-  or  Anmld.  would 
not  "lie  a  MivatiT'i'iTor  than  to  a,-cril)i.'  tlie  honor  of  M>'ia:i- 
riis  to  I-iviiis  ratlR'rtiian  t'.  N.ro. 

Moro  m..nnif;il  ,-till  it  is  t..  read  in  tln"  (•cntiiinial  ynr 
of  -n-ace  1.^;:.  ill  "lie  of  our  I'orHm.st  nionihli.'^,  in  an 
.,rti~l.'  dnlirat.'d  to  111.'  iniiiioryof  this  nu.-t  ini|.or(ant, 
,,,ili,arv  cvi'iit  :  -  Hv  lour  (M-lock.  tin-  mtion  had  lin'oin.' 
.a.n.Tai-  Arnol.l.  with  niii"  conliiu'iital  ivi.nin.nts  and 
Moi-airs  ('..rps  had  coini.l.'ti'ly  (n-a^'rd   llu'  wlu.l"  toreo 

„f  l?"ui MR'  am:   Fraxi'r:"  mi'l  I'l".^'   mournfal  ol  all.  to 

lind   tlml"  Ih.'  orat.irs  of    thr   late  .riit.nnial  ci'l.l.ratioii 

(is::)  on  tlh'  hattlv-lirld      we  hclii'VC  without  I'XCL'l.tlon- 

niaki' AiniM  111''  ••lu'i-oof  Sanito-a.' 

Arnold  was  ahsnit  hy  txpn'ss  coniniaiid  ol  (-utv-.  who 

«  Vnl,   IX.  II.   113. 


t    ¥ 


ii»; 


THi;  iiATTi.i;  fti-  tmk  touonkls. 


i- 


?l 


Wiiiihil  DO  rivals.  \\r  IiikI  rr;ili/i'il  \\\h  loiiu  iiiiil»itioii  ol" 
iiiilr|)ciii|fiit  I'liriiiiiiniil  ;  Iml  il  win*  In  lie  niily  ii  >lr|i|>iiii;. 
>^IhIi('  tn  II  hiirlirr  |i';r  1'.  'I'll"  <(iii>|iir:ir\  ii;.';iiiisl  \V;i>liilii;- 
toii  WHS  )ii:itiii'iii<.'  ill  his  iiiiinl.  lie  iiii'iiiil  lojn.sllc  liiiii 
iiniii  lii<  |Hi-l  as  lie  Ii.'mI  ildi't'  Scliiivjci'.  A  year  ii;^(t.  \sc 
.■;iw  liiiii  ImlUiiiir  Jii^li'i'  lo  -liirlii  Anmlij.  (tT  ulmsc  service 
lie  llieji  -iDoii  ill  need  ;  l)>il  !;a\v  liaviii;;  .M(iri,'aii.  h)  wlio-e 
-kill  lie  sajeiy  I'Diirnleij  iii't  rcpiitalioii.  In-  had  iiu  ikciI  nf 
AiiioM.  and  i)l)\iniisly  wishod  to  keep  him  in  ('cliiiM'. 
AnioM  wM-i  at  lliH  liiiif  (lilies'  (Mnia!  in  military  rank,  and 
had  \Miii  a  r(|iiilalion  far  inoie  lirilliaiit.  Ilolli  were 
tlioroii<i;lily  sfllish  and  aliki' iiilciil  upon  piishinj?  racli  his 
own  rorlmie-.  'I'licy  \\v\v  ((iiially  wauling'  in  ina^,'iiaii- 
imitv.  AriinM  had  more  will,  cm  r^y  and  iiiipcliis;a 
iiKirc  ineredili!"  aiidacily,  and  wasiillcrly  witlioiil  scriipio 
or  conscieiK' '.  His  chief  hope  liciiij,'  tiic  palrona^'c  ni' 
\Vashiii,i;lon.  (lutes  Knew  he  had  no  prospect  of  tlrawint,' 
liiiii  from  his  alleu'iaiice  to  the  conimaiiiler-iii-ciii"f.  Nei- 
ther <lid  (lilies  >hare  in  the  pneral  enthusiasm  eoncerniiii,' 
Arnold's  military  aliility.  Wilkinson,  (iaies'  aid-ile-eamji, 
says,  he  I'nrtiade  him  tof;'oiipon  the  Held  "lesl  he  should 
do  some  rash  tlnnjr,"  Had  he  needed  him,  lie  would 
douhtless  have  made  use  of  him. 

We  do  not  for^ji't  tiiat  upon  the  arriviil  t.i"  Mor^rnn's 
corps  nt  headijuarters,  (lates  had  reinforeed  il  with  a 
battalion  of  litrlit  inl'antry,  desi^ualed  it  as  the  advance  of 
the  army,  and  direi'ted  that,  il  should  receive  orders  only 
i'roni  hiniseli'.  .\fter  the  action  of  tlu'  I'.llh.  the  returns 
v'ere  aceordin;j;]y  made  directly  to  Gates.  Arnold  was  in- 
ceiiseil,  and  slill  more  at  lindinij  that  the  report  to  Con- 
gress lefl  his  name  and  that  of  his  division  iinmcnlioned, 
stating  only  that  the  hattlo  had  boon  I'oiight  l)y  detach- 
ments from  the  army.  ''Had  my  division  behaved  ill,"' 
said  lie,  "llio  other  division  of  the  army  would  have 
thought  it  oxtieniely  hard  to  have  boeu  umunable  for  their 
conduct." 


jWlSr"'-^? 


Tin:  iiATTi.r.  of  tiii;  .  oi.n\M;j.H. 


m 


;;  iiml»i(it>ii  of 

y  II  S)i|>|ti||ir. 

iisi  Wii>liiiii,'- 

to  jOMtlt'    ililll 

yciir  11)^0,  Hi- 
uIhisc  MTvici' 
;iiii.  h)  wIiOm' 
1(1  iiu  need  ol' 

II  in  t'i'li|(»('. 
iirv  liiiik.  ,111(1 

hotli  were 
m\<i  ciicli  lii.s 
in  iiiii^iiiiii- 
1  iiii|i('liis ;  a 
IIkmiI  m  riipli' 
piitrKiiii^T  i>[' 
I  (>(  (Irawiiit,' 
i-flii'l".     Nii- 

III  <()n('('niiii;^ 
ai(l-<l('-<','im|i, 
i'8t  he  I'lioiilil 
ni,  hu  vvuiild 

t-f  Mor^riiii's 
I'd  il  with  a 
lie  adxaiirc  of 
I'  (irdors  only 
,  tilt-  ret  urns 
rnuld  was  in- 
'port  to  Cori- 
ininciiliuiii'd, 
It  l>y  (li'tiicli- 
bi'havnl  ill,"' 

would  have 
lublu  for  their 


l{..,so|svd  i..approi,rialr  tli-  pn-ti-"'  "f  M'T-iiix  corps 
lohini-.lf,   Arnold   romimi.'d    to  is-n.'  ofd'T-   f<»r   i""'" 

n.oMll.rUl..   Uilirh  divW  frol.l  daU-    th.'  folhANill-  -Hirml 

""•'•(.•iiiniirl  Mor-iiiiV  .orps  not  hriiiir  atta.hrd  to  iiny 
l,n.radr  or  ,11\  i.ioii  of  ihr  i,rin> .  lie  is  to  inak.'  ntiinis  and 
,v|H.rt-  to  hrad.piiiniJ'.s  only.  Ifoiu  whciici'  aloii.'  hr   i.  to 

rm  ivc  order-. "" 

A  hi-'h  ultcivatioii  now  afos(«  I.Hwcm  tlie  Iwo  ircncra!.-. 
diiiiii-'^which  (iairs  iiiforiiird  Arnold  ••that  he  tiioii-ht 
l,i,„  ,,,•  ii,,|..  ronscnifiHT  in  ilie  army,  aial  liiat  uleti 
,;,,,„,,,,1  |,„H.„|„   arrived  iir   .shoidd  -i\c  to  liiin  Hh'  .'o,,,-- 

iiiind  of  adi\i-ioii." 

A(oiTi>|.ond.iiir  followed,  liol  and  wrathlul  on  Armdd  s 
part,  arro-aiit  and  niiv  Lidiii- on  the  part  of  (iaie-.  Ar- 
„„ld  .lemaiided  a  pas-  for  hiin-eir  and  <nitr  totheconi- 
iiiaiid.r-iii-ehief.     (iate.-  promptly  ^'a\e  H. 

Arnold  found  he  did  not  want  it.  lie  feared  the  odium 
whieh  wouhl  (all  upon  him  i'orreiirin-  fn-iu  servi.cat  tins 
,rilieal  juneture.  when  another  hatile  was  in  hourly  e\- 
peetatioii.  lie  therefore  remained  in  camp  «•////-/(//  rum- 
m,unl  (t»,l  ,nlh»„l  n„ph,i,„vi,t.  Lincoln  arrivin- at  this 
time,  (iates  -ravr  him  the  rifilit  "in^s  and  him-ell  assumed 
eharj:e  of  the  left.    .Morgan  and  the  ritle  reijiment  were  his 

special  property. 

AH  the  better  for  this  fall  in- out  of  the  rofrnoH  went 
matters  in  the  AnuTiean  eamp.  The  eountry  had  inter- 
preted the  battle  .d'  the  I'.ith  as  a  jinat  victory.  The 
militia  of  New  York  and  New  Kn-rland  reinforerd  lie' 
camp  daily.  <iates'  numbers  now  nearly  doiililed  thos"  ol 
liuriioyne^      Hop-'  and   eonlidenee  in-pired  e\ery  heart. 

Theysmolled  the  battle  and  .-ceiited  the  victory:  they 
stood ''like  greyhounds  in  ihe  slii-s.  -traininj,' ui«jn  tlie 
Ktarl." 


■■I>M>"*»* 


li 


XTTT.-irT?. 
TIIK  sriJKKNOKll. 


T 


i 


'■  III- ilriiih  ihImi'-o  »|iiili  li  III  «  llrl• 
K  I'll  it>  the  cliill<'-i  |>ri-ui!l  III  III- ('aiii|<i, 
lli'iiiu'  liriilii  <1  iiiii'o,  liink  llri'  mill  linii  ii>\av 
Kniiii  llii' 1)1  •Miiii|ii  rcil  iiiiiiiiL'i' 111  III"  iiiiM|i"  ; 
|''iir  frmii  lilx  im Ml  «ii-  liif  imii)  -Iim  li'ij   ' 

IlKMlV  IV. 

IN  tliL'  Urilisli  ciiiiip  Ihr  licartH  ui'  ihr  kccpiTs  trt'iiilili'd, 
Imivc  nu'ii  iliiiii;.'li  ilicy  wciv.  Iiiir;jrit\ii('  liiul  uliaii- 
iliiiK'il  all  iiili'iilitiii  III'  a  rnrllKT  athaiicc  iinlil  intilli^'^riiri' 
coiiltl  1)1'  ivi'i'ivcd  I'nuii  Cliiiloii  licliiw.  lie  pnicc'cilrtl  lo 
intrdicli  on  lli-.'  lirlil  nf  iljc  lato  liaiilc  ihrowinjr  iiii  siruii;,' 
work-'  In  tilt'  ri;:!il,  wliicli  In-  callril  llic  "(ircat  [{filimhl  '"; 
il  was  a  liiial  >tr(in;:ii'ilil  ami  was  placid  iimlcr  I'ra/.i'f's 
fomiiiaiid.  lie  cxtriidcil  his  iiitiviicliiuciil.s  Irltward  to 
Iho  river  liaiik  :  here  I  lie  (iiTiiians  wore  pnsti-d  and  linr- 
povnc's  li('adi|iiartcrs  were  Itctwci'ii  and  in  tlic  rear.  A 
deep  dilfli  ran  ainn;.'  the  tntiiv  front  fur  nine  liiindrcd 
paces. 

So  vifrilaiit  were  the  Ainirican  inarksnu'ii  that  the 
IJritish  rcinaiiicd  clii>c  prismicr'  witiiin  their  camp  and  in 
pnifouiid  iirtmrance  i»l'  mir  alTairs.  The  journal  nf  one 
III"  their  <tHicers  says:  ••  We  could  hear  his  inornin;r  and 
evcnin!,'  j^iiiis.  liLs  (lrniii<  ami  other  mii>es  ot'  his  (•;iiiip, 
yet  we  knew  nut  where  he  stood,  liow  lit'  was  posted,  iniieh 
less  how  .-troll;,'  he  was ;  a  rare  case  in  sncli  a  situation.'" 

On  the  iii<,dit  of  Septeinlicr  'iM,  Krilish  ears  were 
.startled  with  such  shouts  of  exiiitatioii  that  they  suppo^'cd 
llie  Aimrican.s  were  ccleltratiii''  some   liolidav.      A   few 


THR  tTiinr.viiri!. 


tlO 


iliivi*  iifli  r  a  i<|i;iMi|  |iri.nii.  r  inrri.!  to  iln  m  the  in-w-  of 
tho  tiiillanl  iNpl'til^  t>t  r«»|iiinl  \U>>\\f\  ul  'riruii.|.'ni;.M  ; 
mill  hm^'nviM'  uti- tlia.i.'riiif.l  (u  llml  hiins.ir  ••  iiulfl.ttd  lo 
hi-*  .■iiciiis  in  I'l'Miit,  r.-r  ilic  inw.*  .if  ili-u^tiT.^  iir  Iiii4  ..wii 
|tui*l^  ill  lii'  riiir," 

II  \\i\i  till'  siiiic  t'"l"iii  I  Mniwii  wlio  III  I  •"  |iniiii|>tly 
inri  .\nniM'.i  iiiiliaiitl-uiiir  rliai'L'i'-*  a'.'aiii-l  liim.  ami  afl.T. 
wiinN  imlili-'li'il  ii  lull  accniinl  »\'  ilial  utliifrN  ini-d.- 
iiiiiiiiins  in  Canaila.     Mr  winir  iliii-  Ih  (iatiM  ; 


IV 

ici's  iri'iiilplcd, 
>ii(>  liail  nlian- 

il   illtt'lli^fi'IM'l' 
'  |irilC't't'(lr(l   1(1 

iiij,'  iiji  strmi;,' 
'lit  IJtdiuihl  ": 
indcr  l"raz(  r',s 
s  li'ltwiinl  III 
till  anil  lliir- 
tlic  rear.  A 
nine  liiimirc'il 

lion  that  tiif 
r  cainii  and  in 
i)iirii:il  III'  oiii- 
-  iiiornin;:  and 
ol"  hi-;  ciiinp, 
posted,  imiiii 
It  )i  situation.''' 
isli  oars  \w\y 
tlicy  sii|i|io-'cd 
idav.      A    i'l'W 


"  I,\Ki;  lir.oiiiiK,  S.  I'll  Mili.r  isili.  I.TT. 

'■  fhar  (ir,i'nil:A\\\h  firoat  fati;:iii'  aft.  r  man  liin« 
all  laM  ni.i.d!t.  I  anivod  at  thin  plan-  at  lavaU  i»f  day  and 
ii,imi'diuii-ly  lto;:aii  lln'  atlark,  and  in  a  I'cw  niinulcH 
carried  ilio  place. 

••I  liiid  inyH'll'  in  piiH8eH:.inii  of  two  liundred  and  niiiety- 
l!ine  prisoners  cxolnsive  III'  one  linndred  (.f  i-iii''  nlea-ed. 
l"  liiiNc  taken  one  linndred  and  til'ly  liateaiiv  almvc  llio 
I'alls.  lil'ly  in  Lake  Cliamplain.  M\enil  lai-'re  ^Mln-l)oats  an 
anueil  sloop,  and  ii  fow  canin'ii."' 


^t     >t<     *     * 


'I'liis  rcvoiw  .vas  keenly  felt  in  ilic  Hritisli  army,  w.icro 
alTaii'<  ^M-ew  dailv  inoiv  di.-tivssin;r  and  depro-ini.'.  Tlnir 
Ii.ii.ses'vi'iv  slarxin;,'.  the  Koldiors'  rations  liiid  lieon  re- 
diiced  to  11  ininimimi.  and  tliev  were  liea\ily  •  iiciiml.ered 
Willi  llieir  sick  and  wounded.— Tlie  only  v:\\  ol'  Impe  cnine 
iVi.m  tiio  lower  Hudson.  A  iiiesscii^'or  from  Cliiiloi':  liad 
uimle  liis  wav  with  -rroat  dillieulty  into  tlio  .•amp.  infurm- 
in«' Ihii-'oviie  tiiid.  he  w;is  id.oiit  to  attack  tiie  forts  and 
.L.'l'enres  of  the  ri\er.  Ihii-nyne  dispatehed  tlie  messenger 
hack  hearin-r  earnest  ei>'rea;ie^  for  Clinton's  speedy  eo- 
,,,„.,atii.n.  ^tatin,;r  that  he  eoull  hol,l  out  untiKKlol.er 
loth.  Init  after  that,  hunger  would  eoiniiel  him  to  retreat 
to  liSike  tJhamplain. 

On  tho  fith  of  Octohor  IJuriroyue  called  a  oounoil  of  war. 


J 


Il 


\-m  TMK  »l  IIHKXIH.H. 

FiiU.r  uii.l  HritliHil   iir;:<*l  u  «|..'''«1.\  n  tr.nt    l<>   ili'  if  "M 
|iH<iiinii  (III  lliiiii).!  hunk  of  lli«'  IIiiiImoii. 

It  II  HiiryMMM'V  |'ii<lf  wuiiM  iml  !»•  luhi'til.     Tlio  t..m*f 

llil'l    llrrll    |.M.'..ri.'ll  .Ml   lli"   li|.-  ••  hliloll-  llfVir  ri'llVllt."' 

II  ■  i.rall.l.  iil-<».  Iliiil  il'Tliiiiili  liii.l  (vn^lMVil  Cui'l'lon 
iH'niii'  III'  W'liM  ••hu/.iinl  milliiiiK."  Hi-iviulin;.' hi*  in- 
►triiniuii.  ill  vnIiIi  II  In*  or.l.r-  wciv  i»<r»iiii>t'>n.  aint  ink- 
ing c.miiMl  uiil\   Hllh    IlilllMlf.  Ill'   ri'nlM.l    oliri'    III.. IV    t.. 

in  III.'  I'lil.'  .if  liiiiil '.     Ill  fi"i  ii  !'•"'  I"'"!'"'  "  '■''"'"■  "'' 
t'viU,  lo  I'illii  r  a.huii.'.'  ..r  nirnii. 

It  wax  II. .w  III.'  '.Ill  »t*  Oct.'lH'i'.  Htif;.'".Mi.'  -train..!  Iii.^ 
nir  l.iwanN  llu'  riv.r.  I.nt  niii^rlil  n.»  m.iiii.I  ri'..iii  (  iiiit..ir»» 
aiiii\.  'I'lii^  (1. 11.  Till  liii.l  on  (U'lol.rr  Dili.  lIu'  .lny  I'.l'.'i'.- 
llu  l.ulll.'.  <ai.liir.il  till'  r..iis  iiiiil  |.uv-.m|  iIh' .l.tViu'i'^  of 
llic  ristr.  aii.l  a  .l.lacliniiiii  ..I'  liis  army  tli.l  actually 
apiifoaili  Hiihin  I'.Mly  iniUv-or  AHuny.  l-'oitiinauly,  cadi 
r.niaiiii'.l  in  i^riionuir.' .>l"  tli.- -.ili.  r"'  ni.iM'in.ut.H. 

|liir;roviii'  tl.'layi'.l  lli.'  atia.'k  until  ilin'f  ..VIocU.  .-.»  tliiit 
in  ca'-i'  of  irMa't.-r,  iiiy:hl  iit  l.ii^t  woulil  ('onic  to  lli.ir 
nlii'l*.  'I'll.'  plan  of  lullii-  w.is  iiiiirli  a.-"  lu'iort' :  tli.y 
a.haii.v.l  in  tliivc  .  uliiimi-..  I''ra/tr  wiili  tin-  infantry 
iiii.lrr  Halcarras  on  llir  ii-;lil.  llii>  (l.'iniaiiM  in  the  coiitrc. 
an. I  Ailan.r.^  gri'iiadiiTs  on  tlu-  left,  wiili  ailillcry  postod 

.1   :..i  .......1..  .il,....r  il,,i  tiliiilii  Hill' 


at  inliTvals  iiL.ti;.'  lli.'  wliolc  lin. 
■"lie  rillf  c.irps  tli>('.)vi'r.'.l  tli.'  iii.im' 


•y  postod 
mint  ami  it  wa-i  im- 


I  lie  nil.'  r..rpt  iii>.  .hit.'..  ..•'    mnn m.  ■■■  ••■■•i   ..   .•.• 

nu'.liaU'ly  eommiiniruto.l  to  (lal.'s.  wli.i  (li>'pal('lu'.l  Wil 
kin:^.)!!  to  "or.l.T  on  Morjiun  l.>  bc^-'in  Hi.'  ■j-amc"  lij 
piiMiin',' r.irwar.l  lii>»  corp.-i  in  rr.nil,  I'.ul  Mor-an  jmlj.'.'d 
otii.iwi-.'.  Kii.iwinjt,'  tlu'  lay  of  lli.'  land  (..  ils  inimitf4 
rcaliiivs,  anti  luninj:  informed  liim^.lf  ..f  tin' .lisp.isiiioii 
<.f  till'  cmiiiy's  forcis.  lif  Miiiinilti'd  his  own  plan  of 
attack,  which  (laics  immcdialcly  acccptc.l. 

(icnoral  I/incoln  was  I.,  watch  the  riulii  ..f  the  Anicrican 
line-.,  cover  the  camp,  aii.l  take  <'are  .>f  the  coinmamlci'. 
llciici-al  Toor's  hi-ipi.le  was  dircctcil  t.>  a.haiicc  and  simiil- 
tuncously  attack   tin-  c.'iili.'  ami   1.  ft   win;:;    Morgan   r.'- 


Id    tli>  It'  <>|i| 

it.  T1)o  ttHu-*l 
■r  ri'ti'i'iii." 
iiivil  Cui'Iii'iii 
I'luliit;/  IiIm  iii- 
Mi's.  iiml  Ink- 
Diici'  nmri'  tit 
If  a  ilmiri'  iif 

if  -tniiiiril  lii,"t 
linm  (  lihliiirH 
I  III'  iliiv  III  ri>ri' 

lit'  llt'l'l'IICl'-  of 

\i  tliit  actually 
(iiiiatclv,  cacli 
nuts. 

iVIoc'U,  .-"  I  lull 
('oiiic  (u   llii'ir 

hi'iorc  :    tlu'j' 
I  till'  iiifaiitry 

iii  I  he  ci'iitri'. 
iiitilU'i'v  iK).4i'il 

iiml  it  wa-i  im- 
Uluitclu'il  Wil- 
ilu'  ^'■iiiiu',"  liy 
Mor^iiin  jiulj.'t'tl 

Id  il:<  Illilllltcst 

llu'  ilis|nisitioi» 
*  own    plan    of 

if  the  AiiU'rirtm 
111'  ('oiiiinaiulor. 
[iiicc  ami  siiiiul- 
iS ;    Morgan   n'- 


I 


Tn»;  Hriint;xi>r.n. 


^'l^ 


pprv.'l  f..r  liiiii-.  ir  ilii-  I'.i'ili-li  lijL'lii  win'-'  iiii'l.'r  I'Viiz.r 
mill  Haltanu"'.  It  ri-inl  oti  a  rtin  r.  iiml  IummpI  t-n  llu- 
ri;rlii  ri'Mi' iilirii|tily  a  tliifl.ly  woutlnl  lull,  .Mtn-.'iin*.  i'i';xl. 
Iiiiiil  mail.'  a  cwift  ami  ^ill'?ll  |t'i«li  n|»  lliiniivli  llii'Ht' 
MtitiiU:  piiiiiiiiL'  III''  lii'l  i"i''  '"'  """  '""•i''""''l  ill  '•!• 
jihl'.'itniil.  aii'l  fill  a--uriil  ol'  a  -[""Is  >iii"r\.  IIi» 
«|iiirl»l\  I'll!  Iii"i  li'<Mi|ii  ill  |in.iiinii.  I >iiirl'"rii'-  iiifiiniry 
wi'n- unlfi'i'il  to  Im-liiH'  ii»  iIm'  fntni.  ihr  rilli  m- u  IhiIiu 
IliitiK  aiut  n  ar. 

'I'll.'  Iir«i  lir»'  from  I'onr".  ln'i'ja'li'  iipi'ii  ilf  Mi'inii  lift 
ua-  I  111'  iiii|ioiiiti'il  i«ip!i.i!  :  .Mor^raii  mvi|.i  iloun  liaii  ilm 
hill  \iUv  a  loriiuilo;  ilic  nark  of  •.i.v  liiiiiilrnl  rill«  •<  -I'lit. 
tlii'ii'  nil -V  ii;'<'i'-i  of  ilealli  Into  niiil.  iiiul  lili'.  .>-t!'i'«iii;,'  llio 
({loiinil  Mitli  ill!'  'Iriitl  iiiiil  wniimliil.  Koi' II  moiiu'iit  lliii 
colmiin  .•ta^rj.'fi'rii,  Inii  riciiwrnl.  .Mor^'an  now  oriliriil 
Id'ai'liiirii  to  111'*'  Iiml  iliiii';>i' \silli  lli«'  lutvoml  while  the 
rill"!  ri'loiiiliil.  Tlii'V  rIiar;.Mil  >-ramll\.  In  aiiollnr  imi- 
iiii'iit  till'  rilK'rt  poiiri'il  hi  apiiii.  on  llank.s  ami  niir,  Tlu' 
Hrilish  hi'iikc  ami  lli'il.  It  v\aM  tin-  wmk  of  a  fiw  miniilm. 
FriiztT  who  hail  hnn  laid  in  riv-irvi".  m*  in;:  llu-  mi-rhiif, 
jiilvanrtil  with  lii-<  iiilaiilry  to  ihc  ivsciu'.  "lU'mit  tlu' 
wlii'li'  win;:  ll\iii,u'  in  (liHonhT.  Ilcrcily  piirMU'il  hy  .Morpiii 
mill  hi-t  iiii'ii."  Ill'  llinw  hiiiisi'if  hiiwnn  the  llviii;,' 
(•nliiiiin  Iiml  llicif  iiniMK'fs  ami  coscicil  tlu'ir  ri'trciit  to  tlio 
;rai'.  whiTi'  ihi'V  riillicil.  Ila\iii;:  pn.-lit'd  hiH'k  tlu.>  Hrilish 
rlL'lit.  iIk-  lith'  of  lialllc  now  rolKil  inward  tin'  criiln'.  and 
111!'  wholi'  Ann'ritaii  force  wa^  liirmd  upon  il.  Sceinj^ 
the  iliinger,  Hur>royno  ordered  l''ru/er  to  tho  rcsfiie  'it  that 

]ioilll. 

'jorpiii  hud  ohserved  tlii-<  oMicer  closely.  It  was  ho 
ii^riiiii-t  wlniin.  in  the  ha! tie  of  the  lUth.  he  had  so  des- 
pii'iitils'  pushed,  and  who  had  so  dcspcrati'ly  pushed  hack 
upon  him.  Ill'  iras  Ihv  inrunihlc*  lie  had  wntihrd  liini 
on   this   day,    u   nohle-luukiii;;  ollicer,   niounlrd   upon   ii 

**  TIiIh  rtoeouut  of  Fru'ier'a  ilt'Uth  b  luuiiilv  rutin  t,'i;i/itiiii'.i  l.<ji  <// 
.]firi/<iii. 

G 


m 


III!    riti!KHi»>;i(. 


1 

i 


,j,|,.n,l|,!  M,|.li  fluirvfir  tliwhlnif  fr«»m  mM»ih.l«>r  ilu  IIik* 

III   till'    olh,  I'.   wlMlV^.f    ill!'    •llU.l.'ll*    Wlt«    J/lilll.  'f.  itM»l    l'> 

Whi!-'  hr  liM'l.  M..r;.'(iiM''Mii.t.l.i.-l  iIm'  i-.iU'oniM'«».ii. 
I.. I  il.Hiliir.ih  III-  ili.ivr.Mi-  "i.Tiily  n-Ml>i.l  In  H'.k  ri»r 
>t'  ton  in  hi*  •!'  lilt.  H''  -•'•''•'"I  •«'•*•'  '•'  ''•"  '•'"•  "•" 
••(TiiiJiii;irK>'nMi.l"l  iIhiii  •'•ii  rau.mlil''  |««-iiu»ii.  |i«miii..I 

,.,it   ili.'il I   num.  iiiil  Im-I  lli.in.  wl>. »  In- u.'M  niiiii» 

uiiliiii  I'liiitff.  «•»  llri',  Tilt'  Hiilv  It  iiiiirk  lliul  fill  ti»m 
M.iVini.  Im>.iiiiI  ih.-f  .Iir.'.ti..iis  w.!-:  *' II<'  •»  »•  ''•'i^'' 
iiiiin,  iMii  Im-  iiiii»t  -III'."  n«.«  nri.ii  IiikI  III  ilirnuii  Imiii. 
»i,'ir  iirr...*  ihu  I  ruck  of  »  n-litr..iH  niii-.'  'i-  It  «ii'  .nuimli 
-iJ*  «"iimi|'liiiiit  \\\hvU  iiuict  ihU  «lu)  loll  oil  "^'i'  !••'' 

IIIUMul'''!  IhhIv. 

M.M/iaii  l<»ltl  iifitrwiinV"'  how  iilttiiiivi  \  iiml  iiiiMniuly 
|li'u!i«'n<'«l  hi'  iiiurUMiitii  wluii.  I'l  ■•  f<  >v  iiiiiiiilt-'.  li"  ^iiw 
tlinii  liii'.'  th.ir  rilh<  mi'l  inm.  A  lull  •tii  iIummikIi  Iim 
Iioi'mV  iiiam-  an. I  anotli.  r  lliii.ti'.'h  llif  t  rii|>|»'i-.  Hi-  ai.| 
iiii|.lniv.|  l'ia,'.M-  I.,  .hiiiijri'  hi"  iMi.ili'MU  ••  My  •lnl>  {'••r- 
l.i.U  III.' I.I  IK  t'f.'iii  'I.iii-"'r."  li'  aiH.ili.  r  iih.iiu'IiI  u  rill«- 
l.all  I. .IV  ihr.'.irJi  In-  ImmIs.  iiii.l  li-  l'.  II  iii..i:all>  «.'mi.l..l. 
Willi  Vrm'V'*  lull,  r.ll  nil  :  ili'iv  ua-  ii^  l..n>.'ri  it  |.iv- 
Ifncc.r  iv«i^liii«:  tli^may  nvl/.rA  all  luait-'.  'I'll.'  Am.  r- 
icain  II'  ilii><  III..IIIIIII.  ii'iiilnitr.l  l.v  I'lv.'U  rifc'iiii'iii'', 
«liar;.'cil  riirioiiK  al.>ii;.'lli.'  wlii.lf  Mill'.  ^ 

hiii-..\ii.'  onl.'ivil  a  nlivat  i..  lli."  "(IrcMt  Hr.|..ii1.l.    in 
j„„„i,„„i  |„.,il..l' I...I  .aMy.tr.rliii-iMiillii-;  l.aMir.' all 

i,i,,aii.i I'.Mir  1imimIiv.I   kill.d   mipI  «niiii<|.'.l.  iii.lii.lvni 

liu.  ilaw.r  ..r  lii,^  oni(vr--l'ni/'r.    A.laii.l.  W  illiaiii'.  >ir 
I'l-aiifi.".  Clark.'  an. I  ..iIi.tv. 

Hilt  111.' vii'l..ri.iii.'4  army  vmi'.'  iiI  iIk'h'  l"- !"•  M<»>"^ii'> 
piiiMU'il  tlit'.K'lVal.il  ri.L'lit  tlivi-ioii.  iiii.l.  r  Ualcinus  iiil'» 
iliclr  inliTiU'lini.'iii^;  ImiI.  .  Invkr.l  l-y  a  |un..ii- .li-<  h  .r-.' 
of  (■aim..n.  Ii.'  li.'ll.rnl  lii-  roi'lH  in  ii  |.i.'r.' ul'  w.mmI^  at 
IiiiikI,  uii.l  t'oniinii.il  lii    iiiiinl.  mii^  liiv  npuu  tlfir  arlil- 


TiiK  »n'Hiir.!Hi'ni. 


ISI 


I  ImI  •>(    llti     lilll' 

llillh  •!,  IIM'I    !►> 
*n»V  i»f  llh'  ••••!• 

\vt\  lo  r)>t'k  ri»r 

(if  111-  llltll  (111- 

Mflllltll.  |ilMl|li  'I 

II  Iii>  Uv\\  t'(»lll»» 
I  lull    fill    fflll 

•  lie   i»   11   I'liiv 

III  ilirouii  ItiiM' 

It    Ull'  t'lllMluU 

nil   i>ri    I'Nii'    liiii 

y  iiikI  iiiinhmimI.v 

tllimilrs  lie  '•IIW 
rill    lliroll^'lt    llii4 

iiji|M'r.  lli^  iiiil 
••My  iliily  I'll"* 

inojiii'iil  u  rillt- 
iii':;ill\  wihiimIhI, 

iiM  liiii;,Mi  II  piv» 
rls.  Till'  Ann  r- 
lii.'h   nj:iiiMiii^, 

rent  Htiloiil.i."  ill 
I  ilii> ;  li'U\iiiL'  iill 
•iiiiil'il.  iii('liiily>!X 
ml.  \\  liliiiin-.  >ir 

r  lir,  N,  Mitruiiii 
.  r  r>;i!f,inii-,  iiil" 

ruriuii-i  ili't  li.ir'jc 
liii'cf  oi"  wiiutis  ill 

iipoii  lli'ii'  firlil- 


WI«U    TIm'  IUM  »h»hI.'  «••».  i«»'  Amm  rl.iMt.  mow  M^rmrtl 
III.'  Hriil-I*  work-.    I'..r  «ii   JiMiir  i!..-  Ilritiy  »«»!   H' >?«•«• 

„..at.tt.  ...i,i.iMi..».    At  I.  hv'ilt  •••'•  "»••'•"•  ""^  ""•  ^"l'-"n-^ 
UH|..iiu.rl.i.«.K.i.«r.Mr.iiMt..Uh.liiilMilH  ti,irin.lHH|m- 

nt  V  .-am*  wi»hl»  ilif"«lnMt  |{..l..it».i."  A  Im.i.I-i.*. 
iMiitit  -ini-uVlM  rv  l.M.ls  |.tuiv.  Tl..'  Hi.n-I»  li>'l'i  M.l.uiiry 
^.  IV  .m  tiM'  iH.ii.l  -r  ^'iMii;.'  wu>.  win  ii  iIm  >  wr.-  Mroiirfl.V 
r.iiil'«n'.aiMMl  iliriitUiMaiiUiyuml  flMr^.'.  .M»rK'tm.  m 
U\n  iiiMHi.itt-  nf  ll;rli.«i  IhiIiI.'  .■M.ti..ii..ii.  n.ur  l-.i  liM 
,„..  ,,!•.•  nf  tiiihil  .M  III-  I.I-M.I.IM-.'.  II'  "r-l't'>l  II  r.ir.iii. 
M.iitliiiM'  I'm-  n  ii,f..»r.liM  III-  tlruwii  otT  Im  Mnnirili'  i«  il>" 
iiulit   ii;.'i»in  I   M..rptii.  Iiii.l  wniUtiMl  ihr  Hnii-li  .'MMv; 

Iniv  rol..i..|    Id k-  Lr-kr    tliP.H;,'!.    lli'    «i'ii«»»'i   '"'•"'• 

1111,1  III   till'  .ri-i.'.  ti'iiinl   I.Miiiir.|  »uiiiiiiuii|Mli<'y  |.iil 

III,,  tth .livi».iMn  I..  iHiii  :  «h.'>  ll.'l.  t*"^'"i;r  th.  if  hll«'l. 

w...iii.|.'.l.  i.ni'.  IhW."-  '""I  '"-"H'O.  "''>'  '•"•  *''•'"'  '"•*'>■ 
.,r  iliiir  l>ni\''  'i'li'i'il  l»i»yiiiiiii. 

|lii,;r<iv'if  niil.-n.l  iIm'  |M.i.iii..ii  i..Ih'  niiikrii ;  l'»it  m^l;t 
«•».  fHinin;.' ..II.  ur  Hm-v  ha.l  .."  I>">ii  i-  i.n.m|.i  U.mA 
r„t,.ii.l   Ur.M.k-  uii.l  (i.iH'iiil   h.ariii'1   isiiilili-h.  .1   Hi' m- 

H.|m.    williill    111.'    .IMlllV^tt-lk-.      TIlU    Culnll.'l    lirnokH 

\SM.  1...  wli..  Ii.mI  M'Ut  •»••'  M'\  '"«"  ^'-  '''>•"''■"'  ""'"'•  '" 
SiiinwiN.  II' NMi^  ,iri,r«iinN(io\.rii..r..f  Mu-iiiliii-cll-. 
l*|,  to  llic  lilll"'.  Ill''  F.ii.Ji-li  111  liuiti.  hinl  iifViT  Im'.'Ii 
|,i„ii.'lil  tciHliiiii  Hi.'li-liliiiif  M""'''''''"*"^  III.' AiiK-riniiix. 
Thi/illiiMon  >va^  ii"W  I"  "•'•  .li-p"  H"''  •''  •'"'•''  '•  "'•"^"' 
S,inil..;.M  w.  tv  111.'  W'M'k  ol    Aiii«  ri'iiii  n.lnii.'l-  ini'l    patl'i"! 

\.oiniim'\  (in.l   \sli"  'an  clisprosr   it  ?)  Up  v  w.i iIm- 

HiJti-li  'u\v  i.iv..tiiiii.Mllv  111.'  Iiattl.'s  i.r  •r-val  v'<""ral-- 
lli.i,.  I„;i\v  I  mi.l  lu-l.  Th.iv  is  pi'.)l.al.ly.  im.  ..tlur  m- 
>iim.v  ..f  Mii'li  yplriMliil  l.'ii.l.'f.^liip  iii  pi'..p..i'ii..n  i." » '•.■  iiimi- 
l.rol'iN  I'.iiikaii.l  111.'.  «i»'ii.'ial  lliir;,'..vii.'.oii  hi^  I'.'Hirn  t.) 
l,;„,,|,,,„|,.,|.rii...llli.ii-.'\.'-.iiilii--  !{i'.'.f.l<.r  111.'  Kvi'l.'ii.'*' 
Im.I'miv  III.'  II. .11-.'  of  (•..mni..iis"<.n  liis  "  l'aiiipai;,'ii  aii'l 
Sntfciul.'i'."  I{»'l\'n'iii-  t..  M..rjxaii*H  fini-.'..rpH  ^Irirnin 
l,irkrd   Ih-i/is/i    inhnilrii  jV.nn    tin'  jirhl   aii.l    afl.rw.inli 


% 


'^Jft^tSJSff^^rfT^^^*^ 


i 


1','4 


THE   HUUHKNDKI!. 


Htormiii},'  till' "firoiit  Hodoul)!,"  In-  oliscrvi-H  :  "If  tluTO 
1)0  luiy  person  who.  after  f<»iisiik'rin<,'  that  circuiiistuiiee, 
and  the  Hul)yoi|iU'iit  ohstinacy  in  the  attaek  on  the  {loal  of 
Lonl  l?alcarr;is,  with  various  oIIkt  actions  of  llu'  day, 
eoiilinucs  to  dotiltt  that  llu-  Americans  possi'ss  ihe  quality 
xiwAfm-iiJIji  of  lifihtinj;.  they  are  of  a  i>re.JMdicc  that  it 
would  he  viTV  ahsiii'd  lon;,'i'r  1o  contend  with." 

On  linrf;(>yne's  introdnetion  to  ^lorpm  after  the  capitu- 
lation, he  took  him  warmly  hy  the  hainl  ami  said  :  "  Sir, 
you  coninnind  the  finest  ngiment  in  the  world."  * 


Night  closed  on  the  battered,  heaten,  ont-peneraled, 
diseomtited  British  army.  Tlie  American  camp  rang  with 
shouts  of  exultation ;  tlu'  people  crowdeil  in  i'roin  miles 
around  as  the  news  of  victory  spreail. 

Morgan  coming,  grimed  with  the  dust  and  sweat  of 
battle,  to  heath luarters,  was  met  hy  Gates,  who  embraced 
him,  exclaiming  :  "Morgan,  you  have  done  wonders  this 
day  ;  you  have  immortalized  yoiirsolf  and  honored  your 
country — if  jjim  atr  no/  promolul  iniiiiidiiilrhi,  I  trill  iinf 
servo  (iml/tcr  day.''  Morgan  merely  replied  :  "  For 
Heaven's  sake.  General,  forbear  this  stuff,  and  give  me 
somethin<;  to  eat  and  drink,  for  I  am  ready  to  die  with 
lumger  and  exhaustion."  f  Morgan  was  a  man  'f  mar- 
vellous penetration,  and  had  doubtless  taken  tlie  (ieneral's 
measure. 

Gates  had  not  appeared  on  the  field.  Wilkinson  says 
he  remained  at  his  (quarters,  conversing  with  Sir  Francis 
Clarke,  who  was  brought  in,  early  in  the  action,  morlally 
wounded,  and  laid  upon  (hites'  lied. 

Where  was  Arnold  ?    Si)arks  says  that  after  the  (piarrel. 
he  had  remained  with   the   army,   without   authority  or 
comnumd,  and  without  communication  with  Gates. 
*  OraMm'ii  Life  of  Moiy  tn.  \  J)i:  Ull's  Manuscript. 


Tin:   SI  ItUKNDlCU. 


l!.'5 


cH  :  '•  If  tluTo 
(.irciiiMstatnf, 
i  on  I  lie  jiosl  of 
lis  of  lilt'  <l;iy, 
■ifss  I  111'  (/iiiili/y 
I'jiulicc  lliiit  it 
Ih." 

flrr  tliL"  eniiitii- 
11(1  .-.lid  :  "  Sir, 
uria."  * 


ont-pciicralcd, 

(aiii|i  niii<,'  with 

ill  from  iiiik'8 

I  iiiul  SWCill  of 
,  who  cinbraeed 
no  woiidtTS  til  is 
1  lioiioivil  your 
(i/cl;/,  I  in'll  not 
ri[)lic'd  :  "  For 
r.  and  givo  mo 
ady  to  die  with 
a  man  '  f  mar- 
c'li  the  Gcnorara 

Wilkin.^on  says 
vith  [Sir  Francis 
action,  iiiorlaliy 

fter  the  (luarrcl, 
lit   aiitiiority  or 
th  Gates. 
's  .Viinuscript. 


Wlii'ii  till'  socond  hiittlc  coininenci'd,  .\rnold,  still  for- 
bidden to  take  )»art,  hceanie  infiiiiat.'d.  '•  Me  coiitiiiiu'd 
ill  nniip  somrtiiiir,  hut  at  leii-ilh  rode  olT.  in  full  ^m11o|..  lo 
tiie  lielil  wilhoiit  iHriiii.s.-iioii.  This  l.eiii;>;  told  to  dale-', 
he  sent.  Major  Armstioiij,'  after  him  with  onlers  to  return."  * 
As  soon  lis  Ani.dd  .-^aw  Arinstroiijr.  antieipatiiif,'  the 
pni'iMnt  "I"  his  mes.si.L'e,  he  iml  simrs  to  his  lioise.  Ariii- 
slroiiK  piiiMied,  following,'  tUi^vrnitir  iintn  itiai/sui  Arnold, 
wilhoiit  lieiiij,'  able  to  gel  near  enough  to  sjieak  to  him. 
Ill  moveil  iiiee.-santly  on  the  tield.  giving  onlers  in  every 
direelion,  and   sometinirs  in  diivet  oitpo.-itioii  to  ihos.' of 

the  otlu-er.s."     ••  lie  behaved, "  says   Samuel  W InilT,  a 

sergeant  in  the  battle,  ••  more  like  a  madman  than  a  di> 
ereet  otlieer."  It  was  ihe  opinion  of  many  ihat  he  was 
into.xieated  ;  some  thought  wilh  brandy,  some  with  opium, 
—more  likely  with  pri.l.'.  rage  and  desperation,  lie  had 
lo.st  all  eonimand  of  himself  ;  was  seareely  eoiiseious  of,  ..r 
ivspon>itdefor,  his  actions,  and  certumly  in  no  eoiiditioii 
to  give  orders  to  others. 

But  a  word  ('(meerning  the  duration  of  the  battle.     It 
iHgan  about  three  o'clock.     Bancroft  says  :  "  dust  twciily 
mi"iutes  after   the  beginning  of  the  attack,  the  British 
lines  wavered  and  broke,  and  Burgoyno  gave  the  order  lo 
retreat."     The-Barone.-s   Keidesel,  in  /trr  (jiiKifn-f,  fcr  lo 
the  mu\  .says  :  "  Aliout  four  o'clock  they  brought  in  to 
nic  poor  (ieiieral  Fru/.er,  mortally  wounded."     Even  ex- 
tending the  time  of  the  licld-iight  to  a  half-hour  or  longer, 
what  iiad  Arnold  to  do  with  it?     lie  did  not  leave  tho 
American  camp   for    "  some  time  after  the  battle  com- 
meiieed."  t     Indeed,  no  authority  makes  mention  of^  him 
until  the  attack  upon  the  British  iiit,renclinient.<.     Then 
Major  Armstnmgimrsned  him  "forhalf  an  hour,"  Arnold 
dashing  hither  and  thither,  without  aim  or  object,  except 
to  evade  his  pursuer  and   his  message— everywhere,  and 
nowhere  to  any  nseful  imriiose.   lie  dashed  in  after  Morgan 
*  Sparks.  \  ^Mvk». 


VH] 


TUB  8iMtui;Nin;K. 


into  nalci.rras-  wmk^  im.l  .mt  ii-ain  ;  llicn  inlu  tho 
(ic-rniiii.  liiu's  alur  Coloii.l  Un.nks.  aii.l  Ww  lust  vlli-y 
„f  thr  lotmiliii}.'  Hnmswiclsrrs  MiatU'ml  Ins  K-  aii.l 
kilU".!  Lis  lu.iw.  Majnr  .\nn>lr<.ii,-  only  tlicn  owrtonk 
l,i„,,a.Mlsi.mv:li..l  ii.  .l..|ivmn-(ial.s'onl..r  lur  lui.i  lo 

ivturn  to  rami..      •'"''    ''''^   ''"""'  '""  ''''■'""!'•  '  Z.     "',  ,, 
ina.liioss  resiilloa    ino.st    forlimalclv    for    luiii.-rll.       1  ho 
wound   lie-  nrriv.'il  at   llu«  iiionu'iil  of   niKliii.-  n.lo  (lio 
ViTvunnsnf  ilanircr  and  .Icatli.  a.liU'.l  fivsii  Insln-  lo  Ins 
niilitarx-'lory,  and  was  a  now  duiiu  to  puhlio  fasor  and 

"'Tl'ismdy  woll-aullicnlicatod  lu'ld  performance,  was 
striking  an  Aineriean  ollieer  nn  llie  liea<l  witii  lus  sword  ; 
"llienext  day,  when  tlic  ollieer  demamled  redress,  Ar- 
nold   dei4are(i    his    i;:n..raMee   of   tho   aet   anil   i'Xl»ressed 

re;,'ret." 

Inth.'faeeof  tlie'^e  adinilled   faets,   can  any  one  miiin- 
tain  that   this   man  was  capahlo  of  issuing'  an   intellifient 
ndlitary-order?   .\Viikin>on.  who  was  on  the  l.atlle-lield, 
and  whose   attention  was  specially  directed   to  Arnold  s 
movements,  savs:  Mt  is  certain  that   he  neither  remlered 
service  not  deserved  credit  on  that  day;  and  ///'■  iroinut  fie 
rcrciml  oloncsftred  him  from  Iwiiif/ orcrs/Hit/mml  Inj  (J airs' 
pn/Hihiri/if.     On  siicli  caprices  of  fortnne  does  the  lud.Me 
of  nulitarV  reputation  depen.l."     The  exullin,-r  cry  of  the 
victors  had  reached  his  ears,  and  maddened  him  :  he  .le- 
tcrmined  to  share  with  them  the  fruits  of  liiat    victory, 
rusirnu^  in  at  the  clo^e  of  the  action,  and  iilentifyiiiK  him- 
self wiUi  the  -.dories  of  the  day.      The  very   horse  upon 
which  he  rode  into  the  Held,  he  stole.f 


' 


*  Sniirkx.  ,.  ,,  ,      , 

+  Tlic  lU.l.uul,  a  l.eantin.1  Spnnish  l.orse,  tl.o  pnipcrty  ol  Colonel 
I  t.vv-w  WHS  iM.rn.'  vd  l.v  Arnol.l  «)ii  tliis  nmision.  A  nliort  tmie  after 
till'  action,  C.loncl  Lewis  .•ailed  <m  l.iin  and  re<iu.-Hte<l  a  cerlilicate 
of  tlieliorHC  l.aviufr  l.-cn  liilled.  tl.at  l.e  ini^rht  <;l.tain  tl,..  val...  of 
him,  according  t.,  i.siK-.  from  tl.e  i.ublic  treuHury.    Arnold  declmed 


TllK  HlUUKN'DKIl. 


Itl 


IllCMI     illlil    tlio 

till'  lust,  vulli-y 

I  his    Ic;,'  1111(1 
tlicii  ovrridiik 

ilcr  lor  liiiii  In 
m<\\\  -Hi'* 
l.im-cir.  Thi- 
isliiii;:  into  Hi'' 
<li  lustn-  to  liis 
.ililic;  I'livor  ami 

rfomiiinci',   «iis 

witli  his  sworil ; 

I'd    ivtli'i'ss,  Ar- 

aiul  I'xiiiissi'il 

II  iiny  oiH'  iiiiiiii- 
r  ail  iiitcliip'iit. 
tlio  hiittli-lii'ltl, 

ted    to    Aninlil'.S 

icilhcr  rciitlcivd 
ml  ///''  irdiniil  he 
ii/niml  hy  (Intcs 
(kics  I  ho  hiili!)!o 
ihiii.i:  cry  of  the 
U'd  him  :  he  tle- 
of  tiiat  victory, 
idi'iitil'yiiii^-  hmi- 
very   horse  upon 


])r(iporty  of  ('i)lom'l 

A  nlii>rt  tiiiH'  iificr 

(liicHfi'd  n  C(!rtili('iit() 

djtiiin  tlic  vnliii'  <if 

ry.    Arnold  tli'diucil 


]?ut  i\\v  coiicliision  of  the  wliolc  imitl.r  is,  that  hot h 
(iat.s  and  Arnold  \vi«ro  only,  and  sol.dy.  anid.nial  ll,irmv- 
li.iul^  in  this  important  iiiililiiryrriMS.  It  was  (vrtaiiily 
iurlimatf  fur  tiu'  ca.iM'  ihM  (oit.'^  iTmaiii.d  at  h.ad- 
(,iiarti-is.  'I'lioii-li  not  aito^'Hhcr  waiitiiij,'  in  military 
kiu.wUMlir.-  he  was,  from  i-crsonal  cowanrur,  mll,i>,{i„ti 
Ihv  ihl>/]  and  perhaps  no  on.'  knew  this  hi'tti-r  than  him- 
M'lt".  The  onlv  movfiiu'iit  orduivd  hy  him.  two  days  after 
llu-   latlie,    when    liiir-oyne   was  attempting    a  general 

,nvi„..  the  .•.■rtincnt.>.8nyin),'it  woal.l  have  .in  ill  »i.|.Mn,n.-..  f..r  a 
M/,,,,  .'.•nrn.l  to  Hi-n  u  (vnilicate  for  n  liorso  tliut  l.».l  lieen  nliot 
un,l.  r  lii.u  in  ImUle.  L-wm  sui.l  no  more  till  Arnold  wnn  iiIhuU  to 
l..uve  ilierunii..  when  lie  insisted  on  Leintr  ultowe.l  u  i.ro,«.r  nmiiK'nsa^ 

li.m  fur  the  loss  of  Ilia  hers.-.  Arnnjd  still  asslKne.l  motives  of 
,l,.r,raey  forrefu.-,n),'acortitirate,l.ut  told  Lewis  that  he  bad  a  fmo 
Narneomseti  mare  In  the  puMi.-  stal.les.  n'hidi  he  would  givu  hiin 
In  the  idareof  his  hors.-,  uf.-l  immediately  wrote  an  onlcr  to  tlio 
U.M.prr  of  the  stahles,  dir.rtin«l,-n.  to  deliver  the  mare  (o  Colonel 
I„.vvi..  Meantime  Arnold  lefi,  and  a  few  .lays  after  the  order  wan 
,,re...nted.  The  keein-r  Raid  there  was  no  mare  helon^'mR  to  (.on- 
,.,,,1  Arnold,  in  the  staldeH.  There  had  he.  n  on.' of  that  d.'8.Ti|.tion 
H.„n.'  tim..  hefor...  hut  sh.-  ha.l  h-'.n  s.dd  t..  another  olH.Tr.  It  waH 
Kul,se.,.untlv  ase..rtain...l  that  Arnold  ha.l  s.'nr  in  a  <•<  rt.tiratc  and 
ha.l  r.'-.'iv.'.i  pay  'r""'  t>'"  trovernment  f..r  th.'  In.is.,  that  had  been 

'^'"A.'rain,  at  th.-  elos.-  of  the  war,  wh.n  on  the  p./int  <>(  Hailiiifr  for 
Fn.dan.l    Arnold  horrow.-.l  tw..  hun.lr.'.l  d<,llar8  from  Captain  (  nnip- 
iM.ll  in  the  Uritish  H.Tvi.v.  for  whi.di  he  -av..  him  an  or.l.T  on  (  ajK 
tain  lA'wis,  «avin-  that  Lewis  ow.l  him  f..r  a  mar.-  p.ir.-has.'.l  three 
v,.«rs  l..-f..re.  "  Captain  Camph.U  h.-in*-'  a  fri.-n.l  of  Cdon.-l  L.-wis 
iu.d  ,.^i.ectiii;i  to  s.-.-  liim  apiin,  t.M,k  tlu-  or.ler  as  a  sate  e-piivah-n  , 
a,,.,  i„an..d  the  money  to  Arn.d.l.     When  the  news  of  ,M-«ee  arnv.d 
in   New   Y..rk,  Colon.-l   Camph.U  was.   hy    iH-mussion   of   (Jem'n.l 
Washit.Kt.m.  dispat.-h.-<l  hy  the  British  eomman.l.-r  at  N.-w  \ork  by 
h,n,l  with  the  intellijrenc.-,  to  the  (J..v.-rnor  of  Canada.     On  his  way 
1...   Htopped   to   visit   his    fri.-n.l    Lewis   in    Albany,  an.l   prc-sent.-d 
ArnnhlV  ..id.-r.      Th.-ir  mntnal   surpris,-  may  b.-   imajrin.-d    iK.th 
b,.inR  .-q.ial  8e.l!er.-r8  hy  this  r.fin.-ment  of  knavery.*       hus  head- 
dreB>.ed  hiui3<.-lf  with  ciual  gust.,  t..  small,  as  t..  great  villainies. 

*  fiprtrks. 


IT 


I'iH 


TMK  sntUKKItr.il. 


rotri'iit,  will-iiij^li  losiilli'il  in  (liHfjfruco  and  tH.'^u-ler  to  llio 
Amcriciiii  army. 

"Tlio  tu'tion  was  tlic  liattli"  i)f  tlic  liiisbamliili'ii.  So 
many  ci"  llif  rank  and  lilo  wvrv  fnrlioldcrs  or  IVicliuldcrs' 
sons,  < 'lilt-  tlu'V  .i,Mvi' cluirac'le'i-  In  tlio  wlwdo  army.  Ni'xt 
to  tlio  ^'onoroiiscurc  of  Wasliinj;toii  in  dctatliiii^'  to  tliat 
army  trooits  dcslincd  ai,'ain.-l  llowi',  vit-lory  wa^i  diu'  to  tlic 
c«ntlinsiasni  of  tlio  soldicrt*.  Tlioir  idmmoii  zeal  <  rciitcd  a 
harmonion-scorrospondfnco  of  movinicnl  and  liallUd  tlio 
hifili  otliccrs  and  veterans  opiioscd  to  ilicm."* 

On  tlii.s  di'ci>ive  day,  men  of  New  York,  New  Knirlaiid. 
and  men  of  tlic  valley  of  Viri^'inia,  led  liy  the  lion-luartrd 
Morgan,  fonght  togi'tlicr  in  a  I'omiMnii  tuiist'. 


Tlio  British  OcMUTal  might  yet  have  saved  the  romnanis 
of  Ills  army,  by  a  rapid  tlight  on  llir  iii-hl  fujlowing  the 
battle;  but  he  contented  himself  with  transferring  hi;! 
ramp  to  the  iieight.-^  on  his  rear,  and  the  dawning  day 
revealed  the  misery  and  liopelessness  of  his  sit  nation. 
Delay  was  fatal  to  Hiirgoyne  ;  the  Haroness  l{^ide.sel  Bays  : 
"  A  retreat  was  spoken  of,  but  there  was  not  tlie  least 
movement  made  toward  it.  We  learned  that  (ieneral 
Hnrgoyne  intended  to  fnliil  the  last  wish  of  (ieneral 
Frazer,  to  have  him  bnned  at  six  o'clock  in  the  even- 
ing at  the  ])\-M2  design.ited  by  him.  Tiiis  occasioned  a 
delay  to  which  part  of  the  misfortunes  of  the  army  was 

owing." 

The  death  of  Frazer,  aside  from  the  defeat,  would  havo 
liung  the  British  cnnp  in  gloom,  so  closely  had  he  drawn 
all  hearts  to  himself.  "  lie  (piestioned  the  surgeon  eagerly 
as  to  his  wound,  and  when  he  found  that  he  must  go  from 
wife  and  children  ;  that  fame  and  i)romot;  m  and  life  were 

*  Bancroft,  Vol.  IX. 


isa-lcr  to  ilio 

limillllrll.      S!> 

ir  IVfclioldtTs' 

iiriiiv.     Ni'Nt 

riling  ti»  llmt 

ViM  fllK'  to  tin- 

/.{'111  <  rciiti'il  a 

xl  ItatlU'll  llio 

N'cw  Kii;:liii)(l, 
le  lioii-lic'iirlcd 


1  the  roniniinis 
I  I'lillowiii;,'  till! 
iiiisrcrriii;;  liis 
.'  ilawiiiiijr  (lay 

his   siliiatinii. 

licidiWL'l  aavs : 

not  the  least 

that  (icneral 

5h   of   (ii'iii-ral 

k  in  the  evcii- 

irt  ocfiisiont'd  a 

the  army  was 

'at,  would  have 
,'  had  111'  drawn 
snrfjcon  ca/.'^crly 
^  must  go  from 
111  and  life  were 


TIIK  SlUKKNDKIl. 


•.'a 


gliding  from  before  l>is  eyes,  he  cri.d  out   in  his  u;,'ony  : 

*  Uumned  and)iiion.'" 

•  "Ai  .siniMt  nf  the  Sih.  as  his  l.ndy.  alleudcd  hy  liie  nlh- 
irrs  ami  hi^  lamily.  was  home  hy  suidlers  of  his  r..r|.rt  to 
III.'  (ireal  {{edonitt  aliove  the  Hudson,  wli.iv  he  had  asked 
l„  he  hnri.'d.  the  ihive  Majnr  (i.iierals.  and  none  he-id.'. 
j„iMe<l  the  I  mill.  Aiiii.lsl  ih.'  .ra,-.  h'.-s  ho..miiiK  ><\'  tli.' 
'Aiii.'riean  arlillerv.  the  onh  r  pr.'serilu'.l  l'..r  tlio  hnrial 
of  I  he  .lea.!  was  stViclly  ohserve.l.  in  the  twili<,'hl.  owr  his 
v'rav.'.  N.'ver  more  shall  h.- chase  the  red  ileer  throii;;h 
ill,'  heather  of  Strath  Krriek.  or  ^'uide  the  skilV  aeruss  the 
fathomless  lake  of  central  Scollan.l,  or  muso  over  the  rum 
of  the  Stuarts  on  the  nunn'  of  Drum-mo^sie,  or  dream  of 
gh.ry  heside  the  crystal  waters  ..f  liie  Ne.-s.  Death  in 
itseU  is  not  terrihle.  iiut  lu'  came  to  America  r<»r  sellish 
advanci'ment,  and  tliou-li  bravely  true  as  a  s.ddier.  he 

ilied  nneons.de.l.''* 

As  soon  as  the  funeral  services  were  over,  the  order  hr 
retreat  was  given,  hut  thnui-h  a  ni^dit  of  pouriiii:  rain, 
it  was  all  too  slow.  The  ontinual  rain  of  the  next  day 
cimipelled  a  halt,  and  hy  the  loth  it  was  impossihie  to 
attempt  the  crossing  of  the  Hudson.  The  Americans  ha.l 
taken  position  on  the  opposite  side  on  the  hanks  id"  the 
Batten  Kill.  Bnrg.iyno  ordered  his  army  to  reoeonpy 
their  former  camp  on  the  heights  .d'  Saralogn. 

The  lay  of  the  land  resembled  a  vast  amphilheatre  with 
the  British  in  the  arena,  and  the  Americans  posted  up..n 
the  risini,'  elevations  around.  Bnrgoyne'.s  fortilied  camp 
cxtendeif  u  halt  ndlo  along  the  riu'r,  with  his  artillery  on 
an  elevated  plateau. 

iMoriian  and  his  shariishooters  were  i)i.stcd  on  still  higher 
ground  in  his  rear.  aii<l  to  the  west.  Opposite,  on  the 
eastern  bank  of  the  lluds.m.  Fell.)wes  with  three  thousand 
was  intreiiclied.  dates  with  the  main  army  occupied  the 
height  south  of  Fish  Cr.'.  k.  Stark  the  invincible,  with 
*  Biiix-nnt,  v., I   IX. 


I 


lao 


TllK  SUIIUKNIIKK. 


Iw.)  tlioiisiin('  -r  \M  llicrivor  at  l'..rt  K.hviinl.  H.- 
tvvciMi  liiii)  lino  .  ..  .ifor;;..  llu'  .\iM.ii.aii.s  lia.l  a  strongly 
forlili.'.l  camp,  uu.l  llic  riur  uii  hotli  Mva  wu8  liiu'd  with. 
\un\\v^  ..finililia.  wlio  [Ukv>\  h>nu  all  (lUarl.iN.  to  l.a-  liie 
cam.".  The  coii-liiinii  ..!"  tlu'  Hiili>li  anii.v  was  i.itial.If  in^ 
til.'  iMiviiu-.  'IMie  M.Ulii'iM  wore  worn  down  by  wvuKh  of 
imrssaiil  toil,  privation.  Kickiu'Hs.  and  doHiKTate  liKlili"^'. 
Tluir  losHc's  iiicliid.'d  liu'ir  lii>,'li.'Ht,  oirurrs  and  h-<t 
ll-ditiiig  material.  D.sirUd  l.y  llu'ir  Caiuuliai.  and  Indian 
ui'lit'S  tlH'ir  liospitaU  irowik'd  with  Avk  iind  woimdfd. 
tlicir  fITi'ctivi'  Umv  was  liss  tlian  one  lialf  tla;  niinih.r 
Hnr;;(ivn(>  had  hroiijiiil  IVoni  Canada. 

In  ilii'  depths  of  a  ^doouiy  wildiTiicss.  they  were  in- 
vested by  u  \ietorionsanny.  nior'  tliun  twice  tiicir  num- 
ber, wlio  encircled  tiieni  witli  a  wall  of  steel  ;  an  enemy 
who  declined  to  light,  und  who  in  their  hiph  intrench- 
inenta  deiled  attack.  "The  trui.  which  IJeidc^el  and 
l-'razi-r  hail  foreseen  was  spriuif,'." 

••In  '.his  helpless  condition,  obliged  to  be  constantly 
under  arms  while  the  enemy's  cannon  played  on  every 
part  of  their  caini)  and  their  rille-balls  wiiistled  through 
the  lines,  tiie  troops  of  Hurgoyne  reiaiiu'tl  their  lirmness. 
and  while  sinking  nn.ler  ii  hard  necessity  they  showed 
Ihem.selvea  worthy  of  u  better  laie."  * 

On  the  i:5th,  starvation  was  im?nincnt.  und  the  ollicers 
in  council  urged  Ibirgoyuc  to  capitulate.  On  the  ir.th, 
the  articles  of  capitulation  were  barely  coiu-luded,  when 
n  messenger  brought  to  Burgoyne  news  of  Clinton's  suc- 
cess on  ?he  Hudson,  and  that  part  of  his  forces  weiv 
within  fifty  miles  of  the  camp.  Too  late-their  faith  was 
liledged.  The  Americans  also  had  heard  from  below,  ami 
would  have  attacked  immediately. 

On  the  ITth  of  October,  the  convention  of  Saratoga 
was  carried  into  elTcct  by  which  live  thousand,  seven 
hundred    and   ninety  surrendered    themselves   prisoners, 

*■  BoUa. 


J 


TiiK  huuukni>i:k. 


i:»l 


IvlvMinl.  He- 
hail  u  slroii),'ly 
was  liiii'd  with 
Icrs,  to  lijiy:  liiL' 
Wii-<  pitiiiltlt'  in 
n  by  wt'i'kjj  of 
icralo  HkIi' '">,'• 
ict'i's  iiini  lii'st 
iini  iiiul  hnliiiii 
utnl    Wdiiniicil. 

ill'     lll(!     Illllll!/l'l* 

they   wtTC  ii»- 

vifc  tiicir  miiii- 

ci'l  ;   ail  I'lii'iiiy 

liitrii  iiilrt'iuli- 

i    iioidt'rfel   ttuil 

)  iio  ((lu^tantly 
ilayi'tl  OH  every 
liistlcil  llir(iiif.'li 
I  tlicir  lirmnt'ss, 
ty  tlicy  «liowi'il 

iinil  tlio  olVu'iT.s 

On  the  l*)tli, 

(iiicludeil,  wiien 

if  Clinton's  8mc- 

his  I'ori'OH  were 
—their  fiiith  was 

from  below,  and 

ion  of  Sarato.ira 
tlioii.-and.  seven 
selves   prisoners, 


with  forty-two  (lieees  of  I  he  I'e.t  bni-s  ordnanee  then 
known,  forty-six  hundred  muKkets.  and  a  lar«e  uniount 
of  aniniiinition. 

Mnel'  lias  lieen  sai'l  'ind  wrillen  eoncernln]:,'  the  ma.i;  .m- 
iinily  and  delu'aey  shown  by  (Jates  to  his  vani|!iished  foe; 
the  over-},'enerous  terms  pmnted  to  Hurj,'<.yne.  which  pivo 
inllidle  ('.'^suti-faetion  to  ('on;,Mess  and  the  country,  ami 
which  were  llnallv  <lisallowed  ;  his  onlerin^'  his  wholo 
army  ont  of  sight'wliile  the  Uriiish  stacked  tlieir  arms,  at 
lliecomm;ind  of  their  own  ollicers  :  also  ihe  spectacular 
arnin;,'emcnt  for  tiie  surrender  of  Uuryoyne's  sword,  etc., 

On  that,  day  fiates  dined  and  wined  the  onicprs,  and 
nianv  compliments  and  fair  speeches  were  exchanged. 
15nr;,'oyne  linaliv  proposed  a  toast  to  (leneral  WashinRton, 
which  U  must  have  irke.l  (Jates  to  swallow, who  in  turn 
.Irain.'d  a  ;,dass  to  Kinji  (ieorj^'c.  Hv  pre-arran-ement,  aa 
tiie  Hrilish  armv  tiled  past  headquartera.  the  two  generals 
stepped  out  inVront  ..f  the  lent,  and,  in  sighl  of  both 
arnii.'s,  Uur-oyne  handed  his  sword  to  dates,  who  immc- 
diatelv  returned  it.  .    . 

it  was  scarcelv  magnanimity,  seeing  that  magmunmity 
is  not  a  garment  to  be  worn  to-day  and  folded  up  as  a 
vesture  to-ni.)rrow  ;  that  it  is  no  respecter  of  persons,  but 
is  debtor  to  all  mankind  ;  that  it  is  a  (luality  of  the  soul, 
which  inheres  ;  the  exipiisite  bloom  and  aroma  of  tho 
character,  that  unconsciously  and  inevitably  colors  and 
perl'umcs  every  thought  and  <leed  of  its  p.ossessor. 

It  was  more  likely  that  nnhandsonu'  thing  which  wo 
call  toadvism,  since  it  was  only  eNercis,.d  towards  tne  ene- 
mies of 'his  conntrv.  At  that  very  instant  he  had  none 
for  tho  noble  spirits  who  had  contributed  so  largely  to 
seen,  •  his  present  exaltation.  We  lane  already  seen  how 
persistent Iv  he  held  back  Washington's  own  forces,  even 
after  the  surrender,  when  he  no  longer  needed  them. 
He  forgot    that    the  i.ompous    message  dispatched   to 


J 


I 


132 


THE  winiiKNni'.n. 


ConKrcMH,  iiiHtoad  <>f  lo  liit'  cumiiiimil.T-'m-cliicf,  wiis  niii(l<- 
|)..,Hsi!)lo  oiilv  l.y  till-  Kin«'f"-''}  "'■  NVusliin;;lnii.  in  hlrip- 
i.iii;,'  liiiiL^ilf  of"  liiH  iM'Ht  oIlKrrM  iiiul  mm  to  iriiifnnr  llio 
uriiry  or  tlu-  lIiKlsnii.  wliilf  li.'  Hkilfiilly  kept  at  l.uy  iinirly 
hvici-  hi.-t  own  iiiiinlnTs  on  lln-  iK'lnwaiv. 

WIkmI.ms  not  Mr  thai  (iatts.  liainlicappiMl  witli  Sulli- 
van and  (hvcnc,  aiul  WaHliington.  Mipportcl  by  Stark 
anil  Mor;;iin.  willi  any  apinoacli  to  f.|iialily  of  forcis, 
would  liavi'  ^-ivcn  a  sunvndiT  lit  IMiihKi.ll'liia  in.xU'ad  of 
Saratopi.  Wi'  sliouid  luivo  hold  tlu'  D.lawaiv  and  lo^t  the 
Hudson— undanihy  wlii.di  tlio  I'onimamlor-in-ihicr  foiv- 
8aw  and  providi-il  a;.':iinst. 

dates'  coniw  towanis  Arnold,  odious  art  lie  appears,  was 
(•.|ually  wanlin;?  in  justiiv  and  j^'cuiTosity ;  and  IVotn  an 
t'xtravaji;ant  appreciation  and  a  fuwidn<r  patroiia^'e  of  Mor- 
jran,  ho  suddenly  assumed  towards  him  a  iuiu;;hty  and 
disdainful  domoaiior.  Nolwillistandin«  tho  splendi.l  sor- 
vico  ho  had  rondered,  Mor^'an's  nanu"  had  otdy  a  passing 
notioo  in  tho  early  despatches,  and  was  not  oven  nien- 
tionod  in  dates' ollicial  account  of  the  surrender,  to  which 
lie  had  so  lar<,'ely  contrilnitcd. 

This  suildeii  fall  from  the  dcneral's  favor  was  marked 
hy  tho  olliccrs,  as  dates  had  f,'ivcn  Morgan  tho  most 
unmistakaldo  proofs  of  his  conlidoMco  and  esteem  from 
the  moment  of  his  arrival  in  camj).  Morfjan  kept  silence, 
iind  tho  matter  reinainid  a  mystery  at  tho  time,  Init  was 
afti-rward  satisfactorily  explained. 

"  Immediately  after  the  siirrcndtM*.  Mor^'an  visited  dates 
on  husiiies-',  when  ho  was  taken  aside  hy  liie  (Jenoral  and 
conlidiiitially  informed  that  the  main  army  was  extremely 
dissatisfied  with  tho  conduct  of  tho  war  hy  tho  com- 
mander-in-chief, and  that  several  of  tho  best  olliccrs 
liircatened  to  rosi;;n  unless  a  cluuij;o  took  iilace.  Mor<,Mn 
])crfoctly  comi»rohended  tho  motives  of  dates,  altho\i^'h  ho 
did  not  then  know  of  the  corrcspotulenee  ho  had  lieen 
holding.'  with  Conway,  and  he  sternly  replied  :  '  I  have  one 


J.- 


TiiK  HimiKNrnin. 


133 


lii'f,  wiis  niiidi' 
(loll,  ill  i"lrip- 
»  n'ii»f<'r<'i'  I  he 
:  at  liiiy  iinirly 

■i|  uiJii  Siilii- 
■t('(l  by  Slark 
ily  <il'  fori'i'-^. 
Iiiii  iii.xU'iul  of 
ri'uml  lof-l  iIk' 
-ill-ill icf  foiv- 

ic  appcivrM,  wiia 

;   ailtl    tViilll    illl 

roiiii^'i'  of  Mor- 
i  limijility  and 

L'    Blllt'lldid  WlT- 

oiily  a  pa.'siiij,' 

Kit     CVl'll    IIU'II- 

.'udcr,  (t)  which 

iv  was  marked 
pill  tiic  nioHt 
d  I'stcfiii  from 
III  kept  silniCL'. 
time,  Itiit  wart 

in  visited  (Iiitos 
lie  Cietioral  and 
r  was  extremely 
r  by  the  eom- 
e  best  odicers 
place.  M(>i<jan 
k'8,  aithoiii;h  ho 
e  he  had  lieon 
d  ;  'I  have  one 


fivvor  to  a-k  of  yon,  .-ir.  wiiieh   i-*,  never  to  mention   that 
delcjilaldo  mibjeet  to  me  iij,'ain,  for  under  no  otiier  man 
liiiin  Washinjilon.  a.<t  eommuiider-in-eiiii  f.   \\nnld    I   ever 
M'r\e.'      A  day  ur  two  after  ilie  ioie,i:ninj,'  inleiehuiiK'' "' 
view^,  (leiieiaf  (iati.-*  pive  II  dinner  to  the  prineipal  otlieei-H 
of  llie   Hritifh  army,   lo  which   a   niiinlier  oi'  Aiiniii-an 
oIliccrH  were  al-o    invited.     Mor;;un   wa-.   not   ainnti^'  the 
iiinnlier.     lleruro  llie  eveiiinK  wan  oNcr.  the  p.lty  iiidi;:nity 
recoiled  upon   its  anilior.     .Moi-.'an   had   oeca-inii    to  see 
dale-'  upon  olVicial    i)ii-ine>M.     lie   wa^   ii-lieivd   into   the 
,liiiii)jr-in..iii,  where  they  .still  sat  at  table.     Ila\iii.yattemleil 
to  the  matter  in  hand, "he  wan  allowed  to  w ithdraw.  with- 
out e\en  the  empty  eefeinuiiy  ol*  an  inirodiictioii.     Struck 
by  the  cniiimamliii;,'  ii.!,'iiiv  and  nolde  mien  of  the  colonel, 
they  imiiiiied  his  name,  and  on   learning.' that   it  was  Col- 
oiie'l  Mortraii.  they  left  the  tal  Ic  and.  iullowin;;  him.  took 
him  by  liie  hand,  made  tlanisehes  Known  to  him,  frankly 
declaiinu  at  111*'  same  time  that  they  had  fell  him  severely 
in  the  Held."  *   They  hatl  only  a  dinin^'-room  aciiiiaintanco 
with  (iates. 

Salvos  of  cannon  annomurd  the  ^.dorious  tidings  of  tlio 
enrrender  all  over  the  coiiniry.  Confrrcss  ^'ave  thanks  to 
Ihearmv.  the  coveted  lull  rank  of  major-jreiieral  to  Ar- 
nold, a  medal  of  f,'<dd  to  Cates— to  .M..r^'an.  m.lliinir. 

And  th)  we.  in  these  h(dy  eeiitiiinial  days,  liviiii,'  in  Hu' 
rich  fruilatre  of  the  iiolde  plant in-r  of  lh..se  mi-.dity  sj.irits, 
_do  we  still  conlinn  the  old  injustice,  ami  still  consent  to 
IVaud  and  villainy,  by  raising  statues  and  carving  imirblea 
to  liules  uml  Arnold? 

*  Graham's  Life.  «f  Morgan.     Dr.  Ilill'a  MSS. 


J 


XIV,     1T77   I TT'.K 
UAUI)  SIOUVlCi:  AND  NO  LAl'UKLS. 


MOKfJAN  iiioM'tl  >\illi     11  liu»*tt'  hi  join  Wiiwhinjrtuii 
ill  \\  liitt'iiiiirHli,  a  .-n ;;  im-iilinii  in   llic  \!('iiiily 

III'  I'liil  ii|il|iliia.  v^hiili  III-  iviitlicti  Niiv.'iiilH'r  ISih,  lt;i. 

Al  that  linii'  ti  party  ut  if  rlaiiinfinfj:  for  tlu'coiiiiiiaiMlrr- 
iii-cliitf  tif  iiliiitk  llitwv,  hilt,  a-i  In-  liiul  li-.-'s  than  'i;.'!!! 
llidU-auil  I'lTii  tiu'  nit  11  iiml  \\»wv  \Mi.-i  wi'll  iiilrciii  ln'il 
with  twiff  that  niinilnr.  hi-  (Ircliiu-tl  ho  ra.xh  a  nioM  iitfiii. 
lirtwilh.-iaiitlintr  iln'  niiliiirnl-nnu'  innuriidiHN  hvclli'l  al 
hiui.  11''  stn  n;rth(  iH'd  hit  own  jiosilioii.  ittiil  coiMinllud 
llowo  to  the  iniliativc. 

On  tilt'  ni.uht  of  Dctcniht-r  lih.  tliat  olliccr  tiioMtl  oiil 
from  his  hms  «ilii  loiirficii  thoiisiiiul  iik  n.  an<l  thf  nest 
Mioinin;,'  aihaiiciil  to  (  iH-^iniit  Hill,  ainmt  ihiiv  niil»'<» 
lVon>  111 '  v\jxh{  winy  ol"  tho  Anicricuii  army. 

'I'ht' I'liiiKvlvania  mihtia  wcii' onhnd  forward  to  sl<ir- 
nii-li  with  Ihf  finiiiy,  hut  alter  a  nliorl  ciiirairiini'nt, 
thi'V  lk«l  in  (li^'ordi  r,  U-aviiif:  thtir  commr.ndor,  (Jeni'val 
IrviiU'.  wounded  and  a  prisoiur.  The  Hrii>-!i.  duriii;:  tho 
night,  cliiUi'.'ed  their  ground,  and  now  menaced  tlie  .\mer- 
i(;an  left,  advaneiu,u'  within  u  iiiiU'  of  tiieir  linen.  Every 
ni>i>earunce  indiculed  n  HvriouH  intention  of  hatile.  which 
Wasliiii,u'!o"<  det.M'niiiied  not  to  dt'cline.  On  the  niorniii;:' 
of  the  sih.  .Mor;:an  was  ordered  to  the  front  with  his 
coi'iM.  (iencral  (ii.st  ami  u  hody  of  Maryland  militia  were 
also  thrown  forward  a  short  distance  to  the  rij/Jit. 

Mor;.'an  put   his  men    in  motion    towards  a  very  cnn- 
sideiaiiie   hodv  of  the  eneniv.     Arf  soon  as  ho  hearil  tho 


lUKLS. 

ihi-  \i<'itiily 

I  sill,  irrr. 

(■iimiitati<lrr« 
1  tliiiii  •■'v^Ut 

I  iiilniirlii'il 

II  muvtuu'iit, 
•(  Icvi'lli'il   at 

III  CDiniH  llt'il 

r  )iift\nl  (Mil 

ami  till'  iir\t 

lliiiv   luiliii 

Hard  to  •^Ivir- 
cn^'ajri'iiii'iit, 
fitlcr,  Ociicral 
!i.  duriii;,'  I  Ik.' 
Ill  the  Aiiirr- 
litirH,  Every 
hill  lie.  wliicli 
flu;  niiTiiiii/ 
out  will)  lii.s 
1  Miililia  WHO 
i-.',lit. 

;  a  vi'l'v   rnii- 
1k'  lii'aitl   tlio 


llVItU  hKHVK  !    ,\SI»  NO  l.\l  UKIA 


n.\ 


llrliiK  ill  llif  ilinrlinii  of  llu'  .M.irylaiiil  iiiililiu.  If  K"V».' 
i|„.  \v<.r.l  luitl  i»i»  n»riw  ii.liMr.tl  a  w.llaiiiiiil  .lit- 
ihurui',  iiii'l  n'^l"''  f"i'«aril  witli  tli.ir  ii-iial  iiiiiMlu- 
•Mltv.  A  Mf.ii'l  anil  tliir.l  >oll,y  ..r  liall-.  in  ra|'i«l  "lu- 
iv»-io»i.  ihiii.M'.l  1.111  il...  Hn'irth  riiiil^K;  iliry  llr.'.!  with- 
itiit  I'lT.rt.  lu-olv.'  anil  lU-.l  in  ili-onl.r.  Moiptii  |.ui>iu'i| 
III.-  living'  f'K'  milil  liny  rci.tlHtl  u  l.o.ly  'f  Itiili-li  iiifaii- 
»iv.  \\lio  wciv  jiiusiiiK  to  llii'ir  *m»>i'{.    TSii-y  rallii«l  uml 

Jlr.  coiU.'Mt  WllH  IVlicW.-il  with  SV^nv.  Sr.tWma  ilamiliil 
|,y  ill.'  pn-iiiiv  <.f  tlirici-  tiuir  miiii!i^i-.s  lli»'  iill'imii 
Hlu'll.r.il  llMiii-ch»'i  iiiiii>ii;r  (111.  tm'A  uud  coiitimiiil  <o 
poiir  it)  iii'tMi  tin-  Hi-itisli  uii  iin<va4iigllr.',fvcrylnill.'urry. 
ill"  ilfi  iiH'-'ap'  III'  vviHii'iU  .11'  il.iiili. 

rtif..simiauly.  (nucral  ii\M  luul  Ik.'H  coiiipi'llcil  to 
j?i\.>};i.>iiii.l  hi'iatv  \m  opiM.m'ntM,  who  now  iisnioti  upon 
Mor>riui.  riiuiiii:.'  liiiii'.'lf  lliivat.'iif.l  upon  ll;iiik  ami 
ivarf  lit-  sl}.Miallfd  a  iviival  ;  tlu'V  ilnw  oil'  in  prrfiut 
onltT,  nor  .lid  tlu-  Ih-iliah  v.'iitnre  u  st.p  in  i>iir-nit,  ho 
hi'iivy  wjw  tlii'ir  Iok-i, 

Till'  .'iij.'aKinitnt.  t!ioii;,'li  i^hort.  Imd  Ikcu  ('\co('din;rly 
spirited,  and,  for  tlu'  tini*'  ami  nnnilii'r»«  (•n^'a;.'i'd,  llu' 
Hlan;;liti'r  of  tlit-  Hriti>h  wiis  im'rc'dil)U'.  'I'li.ir  Iom<  in 
(his  int'uniitcT  with  tli--  rillr  torps  waa  not  \vm  than  two 

Il  n  I  id  n'd. 

Uowi'  had  now  inamMvivd  for  three  days  hi-fort'  Wa,sh- 
iiiflton'.'.  army  and  lo»t  during'  iliat  linu'  not  Ii-m  than  three 
hiimlrfd  mdllfty  in  killrd  and  woimd.d-thc  majority  of 
tlinu  in  a  sliiniii^li  of  l.ss  tliim  an  hour  '.vith  tho  rillo 
corpH. 

Siiili  an  adnioiiilioii  was  not  lo.st  n|Km  ii  oouiniaiRUT 
liko  liowi'.  Till'  next  .lay  In-  inartdud  with  hi^  wliolo 
fori'O  hiick  to  l'hi!;iikl]>hia.  and  did  not  again  npoui  tho 
cNpcrinu'nt.  It  wa^  fortnna!.'  :  for  Wa>ihin^'ton'H  army, 
pimhod  with  Imnj^'fr  ami  nakcdiu'Si^,  warf  linv>-du  '•nmbat. 

Thi-  rillo  corps  had  siitVcrt'd  Hovcroly  in  llio  ."'Tair  of 
Chostnnt  Hill,  twentv-s^v.u  killid  ami  wounded  ;  among 


M\iif>  "fiitvnK  \xi»  so  i,,\riti:iA 


* 


thdti  ttip  ttiiiM'  Mijiii'  Mi<rii<i,  IttliiMil  liv  all.  Ill' ilit'it  n 
ft'W  «iii)«  iifli  r.  llrh'Ui-  (fit  II  {{liiii|Mi' iif  lltai  tari*  iiihl 
iH'uiiiifiil  »|tirii  ll'.'i  WriMHifil  utfr  our  cihim',  our  luiiili'* 
Ili'ItU  iumI  «'iiiii|i>,  Iik<>  III!  itii;;<'l  of  ud  ir\,  ilroiiiiiriK  lliii 
b'ltui  tif  MMtiiuitliv  ulit'i'f  it  mi4  Mtiiai  Mori'ly  Ui'iilrtl. 

The  liriivf  iuittiiiciiu'lv  ilruw  In  t\\\<  liruvi*.  r|Hiti  t\w 
iit'ri\iil  i>r  Miir^iiu^  i-tit'iN  frittii  tin*  Nnrtli,  lailtivi  ttn 
IiimI  i\|iri  "III  III '  ^rt'uliKl  iiit«'fi>»tl  ill  iliiir  miii\i'|iii  ni', 
Mii'i  IiikI  '•iMii.'lit  lilt'  rrii'iiil'liiii  of  ||4  iinii'cr^  Ik'lwi'i'ii 
Morptii  iiiiil  liiiiini'ir,  iliiM  rrl<  iitMii|t  ri|ti'tii«l  iiiiii  an  iiitU 
lliiirv  Ihiil  ciii'i'il  uiily  uilli  lifi'. 

Lll'IIM  III'     IkI'I    CiilllMllltMlnl     purl   of    flit'  ('))r|lM   ill  II  lilMc 

Mkiniii'li  It  *luy  tir  hvt»  liffuri' iht*  ll;;/lit  iit  riii"<iiiiii  Hill, 
iiiiil.  ill  lii'4  iict'tiiuit  III  Wiiiliiiiirloii,  wiH  ciillin^iimlic  in 
tlicir  iiniiHi'. 

'i'hiv  liiiil  tiil'ti'ktxl  a  |)ii'krl-;:titii'i|  nf  ilir<'i>  liiiiiilrcil  tiiul 
fifty  ll''?»iiiii'<.  Willi  llnir  lli'li|.|tiiti"«,  ulm,  afit<r  ti  fi'w 
liiimitt'^  liiiril  tl;.'liliii;r.  wm'  cuiiiiirlliil  in  lly.  lit'  wrtiff  ; 
••Hiiti-li  ft'inrnirt  III!  Ill'*  tame  luiri'  In  tli  iniiil.  ImiI  >t>iy 
fur  i'miii  ri't'ou'riiij;  tliiir  )rriiiiiii|,  llu'y  uiwayx  ivrri'iiltil." 
'I'lic  piir-iiil  wii''  |Mi«li('cl  III  lliiir  riitii|»,  villi  llif  liwx.  mi 
till'  AiiU'ricaii  ."iilc,  of  only  oiu'  killnl  ami  «i\  woiiinlril. 
'i'lio  tniii'<tnir4  I'Xtolli'il  tilt'  rilli'iiM'ii :  "1  ncvi'r  naw  iihm 
Ml  nirrry,  mi  H|iiril('il,  iiml  ho  ili'-ii-on.x  lo  ^m  on  lo  ilic 
I'lit'iny.  wliiitt'Vir  foric  liny  ini^'lil  nurt,  tin  lliat  hiiijiII 
parly  in  lliis  liltlc  ti;.'lit." 

For  Major  Morris  (lit-  inari|niH  cnti'rtnini'tl  llii'  iiio.«>t 
pncroiii  atTi  rtioii.  'I'lif  fiut  lliaf  lii«  wiff  tinil  tliililnn 
well'  lif'l  nniirn\i(|(t|  ti,r,  liy  his  ilmlli.  paimd  Lal'ayclU' 
iK'fply.  iintl  ilii'vv  from  him  tlif  t'olloHin;;  proposal,  so 
cxijnirtiti'  in  il.iicaiy  of  ft'i'hn;;  ami  I'xprossion  : 


•♦  A''i'r  >VV."  — I  just  now  ific  ivfil  ymir  fa\or  coiHfrnin;? 
our  laft'  fricnil  Major  Morri-.  anti  I  lu'cil  iiol  itpiat  lo 
yon  liow  iniicli  I  am  coiifcnicil  in  tlif  iiiiinsts  of  his 
familv.     1  spoke  tlio  otln  r  dav  to  liis   K\i»llrnrv  on  IIm' 


IIAHIt  hKUVIO;    \HU  XO  UIKKIH. 


i:iT 


III'  llll'll  (I 

ill   lari*  iiimI 

Miir  ImiIiK'* 

i'o|i|iing  (iiu 

I'lMiti  rlin 
I.  hil'iivttti) 
iiiii\i'iiii  nr", 
^,  llfhui'ii 
iiiii  an  iiiti* 

|(M  ill  II  liltli' 

I'Miiiii  Hill. 

lllltiillMtll'     ill 

iiiiiilrfil  ami 

iifliT  II   few 

lie  Wl'iilf  ! 

liil.  iilll    MMV 

I  rt'lrt'alcil." 

|||i>  |n<i<.  nil 
.\  Wu|lt|i|l'<l, 
l>r    MIW   IIIIMI 

I   nil     In    till* 

lliat    Hiiiali 

«l  (lie  li)i)>'t 
11(1  t'liililnii 
I   Lal'ayillit 

[M'OJtOSUl,     KU 

I 

•  coMciTninjy 
it  i'('|K'al  lo 
rests   i>r  his 

I  IK  V  •III    till' 


Mihi.c».  a».l  I  ^hull  writ*'  to<'MiurnM  ii  ury  |H»riiiMil»r 
Ut\vr,  whi r>'  )«»  will  '•i'  M»iit'"«i>'J' 

"I   Ihti'iiit  ti»  ^piak   u-t  ill  V'tiif  liaiiii',  ami   ilial  nf  all 
vuiir.uri.  .  ail':  a.  1h  itijr  iiivm'U  li"ii'>i«''l  witli  tln-ir  n.iiH- 

tU'llfi'. 

"  It  ii  my  n|.;iii..ll  that  ll  <l<r.l|l  »  ilulr  llli^llil  'n   ):<*'''»  ''• 

llii' raiiiil>,a'*a  mark  of  ^jrai.iiilii' •«'   fi'Mii  lli.  ir .  iMiiiliy, 

anil  Ihal  IiIm  -^nii  iiMi*t  In-  i.i'niiioti'il  «<  mMih  iii«  immmIiU'. 
••  Hut,  my  «liiir  Ar,  jnii  know  \u>w  Imi!,'  dMiiriiM  waivi' 

aiiv   matiir   ttliiit-<»t'\ir   \nUm'   u  tliti.iim.  ami  u-*  Mr-. 

M.'.ii'ii  may  I  «•  in  "••im-  want  li.  furo  timt  (inn'.  I  mn  K«»inu 

t.i  in.iil.l.'ytai  with  t»  r'.inmix^inn  tthiili   I   Ih«  y<m  will 

I'xiciili'  uiili  III"  ;.'ri',ilft  H'lri'ty. 

"  ir  .-lit'  »ant.(l  InlHiiiow  any  Miniul"  iinmi'V,  in»\iKrtli';( 
iI...  aimii-.in.'nt-i  of  f.muns,-*.  it  wotiM  ii'.t  IrtTunu'  u 
Miaii^rr  unknown  to  li.T.  to..lTi  r  liiin^*  K  for  I'.iat  |air|.'»^'*. 
lint  von  .oul.Ka^  fnnn  y.nimlf)  t.H  Uw  ilml  yon  l.a.l 
riirn'.l.  who.  hniiK  in  llu'  iirmy.  .lon't  know  what  to  ... 
with  tl.i'ir  monv^ys  nu'l  "-  th.'y  aiv  not  in  ih"  im  naniilo 
nrlin.hamlrv  wav.wi.nl.l  uillin-ly  kt  lui- liaMorn'or  inany 
tlMMi-an^l-  of  .h.llars  ul.i.l.  i-ho  mij,'ht  '/\u'  i-pnn  in  Ihuo 

or  four  v.'iifK.  ,    ,.         ,    , 

"On,"  o.h.T  wav  wonl.l  h...  to  I.I  h.r  l..li.><'  'hat  you 
1,;,\..  .n,|.  or  iMnnnutl,  ihr  inon.y  iVoin  any  l..wn  or  Inaly 
y.Mi  will  Im-  pliu-ia  t..  ni.Mition  ;  or  it  w..iil.l  he  nmlk-.-H  lo 
imnlion  when'  il.  .'oimH  from, 

'•  In  a  u.iril.  inv  tl.ar  ^il•.  if  with  ih.'  nivatcnt  xern'oy 
un.l  ihi.  most  niiiuit.'  iv-ani  lor  I  hat  liilyV  ddicucy,  y.m 
may  Ilml  u  manner  of  lu'ii.K  n-  fnl  to  lur.  I  l»'^'  V..u 
W...1I.I  c.mmnni.  ;d.'  lo  in.>  imnwliuti'ly.  1  nliall.  a.  soon 
iiH  po-HihU".  l.-t  M.u  know  th.'  answer  of  Coiifrri'sg.  when- 
i.vor  nn  lUiMWir  will  hf  ^'..t.  an.l  in  ,■^p.rtill^'  Iho  pk^Miiv 
to  hear  from  yon,  I  Imv  ih.-  honor  to  1k".  very  wim'^'ivly, 
"  Your  inoHl  oluiliciil  M'rMint, 

"MAUta'I-^    •>';   I^A  FAY  KITE. 

"To  Ctlonil  MoiKiAN,  of  thu  Uilli!  Corps." 


138 


IIAItn  SiCHVKK   AND    N'O   LAUREI& 


I 

II' 


rcrsumlt'd  (hat  Howe  liiul  now  iiljiindoiictl  nil  inti'iilinn 
of  batlle,  Wasliinjiion  coiidiictt'tl  his  t.itti'rik'iiialioii  army 
inti)  \viiiU'r-i[iiarturs  at  Va!!i-y  Forgr;  a  ituMiiun  ,-cciiru 
from  attack  and  I'avoraldi'  to  such  a  di.^po.Miion  of  (he 
AnuTican  WnwA  as  wonld  l)C'.xt  provcnt  Mio  l'()ra;:inj,'  of  thi' 
British  urniy.  Cu'ncral  Armstrong  kept  tiio  old  camp  at, 
Whitcmarsh*;  General  Sniallwood  took  jMist  at  W  ilm'mii- 
ton  ;  Major  .Jameson  with  cavalry  ^'uarded  the  east,  and 
Captain  Leo  the  weat  sido  ol"  the  8clinylkiil  ;  iMorpm  was 
iu  advance  of  these,  on  the  west  side  of  tlie  river,  cliar<;-ed 
to  watch  every  movement,  of  the  enemy  and  detect  their 
purpose. 

Soon  tile  vigilance  of  his  American  keojiers  nnido  it 
necessary  for  Howe  to  detach  a  British  brigade  to  steal  a 
sheep;  the  tUrt  of  Admiral  Howe  was  taxed  to  supply  the 
army,  and  the  witticism  of  Dr.  I''rauklin  was  justified, 
"instead  of  the  British  taking  I'liiladelphia,  Philadelphia 
had  taken  them.'' 

JIuch  of  the  service  to  which  Morgan  was  now  a]»- 
pointed  was  of  the  severest  character,  invaluable  to  the 
cause  but  unattended  with  glory  or  remuneration  ;  never- 
theless, that  unknown,  nnseen,  nnappreclated  work  which, 
faithfully  performed,  best  strengthens  the  libre  of  heroic 
sonls. 

In  advance,  as  nsual,  and  so  near  the  enemy's  post,  their 
vigilance  was  never  to  slumber  uor  sleep,— frosty  night 
watches  succeeded  the  labors  of  the  day  ;  the  cold  was 
intense,  yet  oftentimes  they  dared  not  build  (ires;  with- 
out shelter  and  most  scantily  fed,  they  saved  themselves 
from  ])erisliing  only  by  keeping  in  constant  motion. 

Here  sets  in  a  stretch  of  eighteen  months  of  much  such 
service.  Even  his  Herculean  physi((ne  was  beginning  to 
succumb.  Wherever  skill,  vigilance,  penetration,  judg- 
ment or  daring  was  moat  wanted,  thither  went  this 
Agamemnon,  shepherd  of  tlie  pcoi)le.  Xot  once  was  he 
surprised  ;  not  once  did  he  bring  false  intelligence. 


all  intention 
'nnilion  anny 

i.^ilidii  -ci'iiro 
vision  <ir  llu' 
ira;iin,u'  nl"  iIkj 
'  old  (Min|i  Jit 
at  WilmiMii'- 
tlio  cast,  and 
;  Morpm  was 
river,  cliai'^id 
I  (U.'teet  tiieir 

jiers  made  it 
idu  to  .steal  a 

tosnpidy  the 
«as  jiistilied, 

Philadelj)iiiii 

was  now  a]>- 
liialile  to  tiie 
'at ion  ;  never- 
il  work  wliieli, 
ibro  of  heroic 

y's  post,  their 
-frosty  ni^ht 
the  eold  was 
i  (ires  ;  with- 
'd  themselves 
notion, 
of  mnch  such 
i  bejxinninfr  to 
tration,  jndfj;- 
er  went  this 
.  once  was  he 
l^encc. 


HAIil)   SKUVICE   ANI>    NO   I,ArUEIA 


139 


I 


His  services  at  the  time  of  the  evaenati(m  ofl'hila.lel- 
,,hia  in  the  summer  or  r.  ;s  were  invalnalde -the  lolluwm- 

hriel'  letters  amoiiL,'  many  testily  to  U : 

■•  llKM,  (ii-AiiTi;i;s,  Vai.i.kv  Foikm:,  Mny  IT.  1T7X. 
..,,,„,  sir:-nU  Ivxeelleney  is  mneh  ohli-ed  lo  yoii 
for  y.mr  information.     There  is  jinle^rnum  J.,  ^hmht  of 
their  intentions  to  evacuate  the  city. 
"I  am,  with  much  resjiect, 

"  Your  humhlo  servant, 

".Jamks  Mc'lIicNin." 

"Colonel  MOKiiAN.  at  Radnor."' 

•'  llr.Ai)  c^r Ain-Kus,  Mny  oO,  HT^. 
"  Dear  .s'/V;— Your  letter  ooneeriun;,'  Sir  llmry  Clinton 
is  received.     His  Kscellency  is  hi^d.ly  pleased  with  yimr 
conduct  ui)on  this  occiision.  etc.     *    * 

"  I  am  your  olu'dient  servant. 

•■JoUN    riTZliLli.M.P,  A.  I  >.('•" 

"Colonel  MoudAX." 

Certain  it  is,  that  Morjran  was  rising  to  fame  and  honor 
uith  the  army  and  with  its  ahl.vst  olVuers.  i1h"'J;;1'  '"^ 
»ume  had  not  vet  penetrated  "the  dull  cold  ear  ol  (  on- 
crcss  Thev  .lid  not  know  this  pvat  c.mihmatuMi.  that 
reminds  us  by  turns  of  Ilereules  and  Ajax  an.l  A-ameu.- 
„on  an.l  ol.l  i?unyan-s  "  (inat  Heart."  llist..ry  says  that 
15.disarius  ha.l  a  voice,  like  that  with  whuh  we  know 
M.)r.'an  le.l  on  his  men,  when  he  st..rme.l  (iuebce,  an.l 
rushed  into  the-Clreat  Me.h.uht"  at  Sarat..?a,  and  mle 
d.jwn  lknTarlet.ni.mtheliehlofC.)wpens 

Tliere  was  one  thin-,  however,  whi.-h  this  heroic  soul 
could  mt  do.  with  all  the  power  <.f  that  matchless  v.,icc. 
lleeouhhil  Mow  ///n  o,rn  Ivompel.  No  her..ie  soul  ever 
did  P.>rha|)s,  like  Washington,  ho  Ihou-ht  posterity 
would  blow  it  for  him  ;  meantime  ho  served  a  r««M'  and 
n..t  himxilf.    'iMiat  ho  felt  the  neglect  is  e.iually  certain, 


140 


IIAUI)  SKRVICi:  AND   NO  LAlllKI-S. 


if 

i 


1111(1   lliis.  witli  olhi  r  (•(.risidi'ialinn.s  uiulouliUMlIy  liil  lo 
liis  I'l'tin'iiunt  in  .Iiiiic  1T^!>. 

Ko  n'liiiiiiiid  loiii:  ciKiiii.'li  losci'tlic  fruit  ni'  iii,s  liilnns 
at  Siinitd,!.'!!.  Till'  I'lriicli  kiiiuV  iiiiil)ii-^sii»liir.s  iuul  liccii  rc- 
(ri\c(l  \)\  (oii;.n'f>s,  niid  tlio  Fiviicli  kiiiii's  iiniiics  iiiiil 
iiavii's  wii-c  in  uiir  waters,  and  Iuul  ntrcssituUMl  the  I'viicii- 
atidii  1)1"  I'liiliiilclphia.  Spain  ami  llolland  wire  lil\t'\vi,>v 
arrayed  ayaiiist  Kii^iiainl,  ami  lliey  were  cros.-in;;  >wur(ls 
in  every  ijuarter  of  the  world,  for  it  seemed  that  tlie  l>irlli 
throes  of  the  Voimji  Hepiililic  were  to  shake  the  j;lolie. 
The  eause,  Moriran  ihonjriit.  was  now  assured— it  no  loii;:er 
needed  him.  He  knew  perl'eetly  llio  value  of  the  services 
he  had  perforiiu^d,  and  ho  knew  that  others  were  wearinj,' 
the  laurels  iliat  ri.uiili'ully  beloii.iicd  to  him.  He  eoii- 
Htautlv  saw  ids  ini'eriors.  eil!;er  iiy  theirown  iniporliiiMties 
or  those  of  tln'ir  friends,  or  llirouj,di  tinoritism  or  still  less 
worthy  motives,  pass  ahove  him. 

tlates  tilled  a  hu^io  spaee  in  luihlie  favor,  and  Arnold 
was  at  this  moment  installed  in  splendor  in  I'hilaileliihia, 
tlio  pampered  pet  of  society  and  of  the  commander-in- 
chief— hatching  "treasons,  strata-rems,  and  sjioils." 

Ill  this  eontiiiiied  lack  of  reeo^niition  and  ackiiowlidt,'- 
nieiit,  this  ;,n-eat  spirit  at  last  roalizi'd  that  ?/(rt///((/w/  irua 
i)isi(l/<'l  ill  /ii.<  prrsiiii,  and,  to  hi;:  eternal  honor,  he  re- 
signed and  Went  home. 

It  was  shortly  hefore  this  that  tho  ^ranpiis  do  La 
Fayette,  under  whoso  orders  IMorgan's  corps  had  so  often 
served,  was  about  to  cmliark  for  France  to  olTer  his  sword 
to  his  king,  who  liad  eomo  to  open  rupture  with  F:ngland 
by  tho  rccogniti(m  of  tho  independence  of  America.  On 
tho  point  of  sailing  ho  had  been  seized  at  Hoston  with  a 
violent  fever  and  barely  escaped  with  his  life.  Tho  follow- 
ing letter  was  in  reply  to  one  from  Morgan: 


"Dear  Sir 


"  FiBiiKiu,,  November  28,  1778. 
-Your  most  kind  and  obliging  letter  arrived 


J 


lIAltl)   SEUVK'E   AN'I)    NO   I.AfUEl-S, 


141 


111'  liis  I.iIhiis 

lliul   llCl'll   I'l'- 

;  ariiiics  iiiiil 
.1(1  I  ho  t'Viicii- 
vtrc  lilvf.viM' 
is.-iii;;  .-words 
hat  the  liirtl) 
Ci'  the  jilidic. 
—it  no  loii^ifi" 
['  (hu  siTvicM 
woru  wcariiif,' 

II.       lie    ciill- 

iiii|M)rliiiMtit.'H 
III  or  ."till  It'.-H 

',  and  Arnold 
riiila(k'l|iliia, 
iininaiidi'r-iii- 
poils." 
aekiiowlrdo;- 

honor,  lie;  ro- 

ir<|uis  do  lia 
had  ,s()  ofton 
ITor  his  tiword 
with  England 
Vuiorioa.  On 
[}()ston  with  a 
The  folluw- 


nbor  28,  1778. 
letter  arrived 


safe  into  m\  hands,  l.ut  I  \\n<  then  loo  ill  for  tliinklnp  of 
ansivirin- 'il.  Howovor.  Ihon-h  it  was  at  thai  tinio.  out 
„r  niv  [..rwrr  t.-rxprossanyihin-.  I  did  IV.I  all  the  mmIi- 

innils  or  L'ratiliid.'  for  the  frioiidshii.  and   fh>'  iS I   id^a 

voM  are  id.a>  d  lo.Mitrrtain  of  nio.  Mi'lh  aroo,\Uvn.clv 
;i,,,r  to  n.\  hi  art.  and  1  do  asMUv  vou  my  dear  sir.  thai 
tl,,.  true  n-ar-l  and  c-t-vni,  and  tin-  .-inn  re  allVctioii  you 
iiavf  in-piri'd  to  nu'.  will  last  for  cvi^r. 

"'riio  .-tren{,'lh  of  vouili  and  a  ;r,„,d  oonslitutii.n,  have 
|,rou-dit  nioal'ain  lo'healih  and  to  ihr  eujoxnimls  (d' this 
world.  Dvinu'  in  a  shanud'nl  ImmI.  alur  havin-  e.^sayni 
some  mo;e  hoiiorald.'  occasions  in  the  liidd,  would  lune 
heen  lor  me.  the  mo.<t  criud  disapiiointmenl. 

"1  am  just  settin--  out  for  Franee  and  hope  to  he  t hero 
in  a  short  tim-'.  -My  country  is  at  war,  and  J  think  it 
my  dutv  to  o(,  mvself  for  otlVrinjr  my  services  to  her. 
However.  I  am  v.ry  far  from  havin-  the  .Vmeriean  servi(e, 
and  1  have  menlv'u  furlouj-li  from  ('on;,nvss.  I  am  much 
inclined  to  think' that  the  kin^' will  have  no  (.l.jrction  lo 
my  returning,'  here:  so  that  1  am  almo.-t  eon\inced  that 
I  shall  have  the  pleasure  to  see  you  nest  sprin-r. 

"1  most  earnestly  bej?  you  to  present  my  best  emnpli- 
ments  to  thef.'entlenu'n  oliicers  in  my  division.  I  sludl  for 
all  my  life,  feel  pleased  and  prou<l,  in  the  idea  that  I  have 
bad  the  honor  to  be  entrusted  with  such  a  division.  I 
anticipate  the  baj.piness  td"  lindin,!:  them  next  eampai.un, 
and  l<lare  llatter  myself  that  these  -entlemen  will  not 
torpot  a  friend  ami  fellow  soldier,  wlm  entertains  for  them 
uU  the  sentiments  of  atleetion  and  esteem. 

*'  Farewell  my  dear  sir  ;  don't  for;,'et  your  friend  on  the 
other  side  of  the  great  water  and  lielieve  mo  ever. 


"Your  aifeetionate 


"L.v  Favhite. 


"Coloni'l  MouGAN. 


It  is  worth  while  to  imiuire  for  the  secret  of  the  esprit 


i>  irrw  m*-'  i-wnntmt^ 


■  ^.r;;  r^r^  im.wt.rv^rt^rTr 


•t^mSSSAmA^- 


l\i 


llAlil)   SDUVICi:   ANIt    NO    I-AIKKI-S. 


of  this  miiiflilf'sriilccorps.  wIkxc  fanif  liiul  froiic  lliroii.u'h 
thf  liiiwl  ;i!hl  cnissnl  tlic  M'a^J.  OM  Kivdirirk  tin' (imit 
liad  <>l)si'r\i'il  ilK'ii'  t act ics  Willi  prnfoiiiKlf.-t  iiiton'-t,  iin<l 
iiilfodiicnl  iiilii  his  own  iiriiiv  hddiis  iii'  siuirpshonlcrs. 

Cuiiini--  to  a  (lose  scnitiiiv  of  its  soul  and  inspiralion.— 
this  ijjrcat,  ina>-ivc.  ;;ninitn  ciiaraetiT.— wo  liiul  it  fx- 
(|uisltely    xcinrd    with    hmuUtul'Ss,    delicacy,   and    wnsi- 

hilitv. 

Morf,'an'scai)acily  for  conimandiii,!:  wan  "sinsnlaf,  rather 

than  rare."  lii.s  own  conduel  liiinislud  the  best  exaniph' 
for  the  imitation  of  his  men,  and  inspired  them  ('(jnally 
with  the  pn.l'oundesl  re.-pccl  and  the  mosi  iillVetionato 

rcpird. 

"In  the  fjovcrnment.  of  his  re,mm<'nt  the  stern  and 
severe  svsteni  of  the  army  was  unUnown.  He  appeaU'd 
to  the  \mihy  raliier  than'  to  the  IVars  of  his  men,  and 
obtained  from  them  a  prompt  performance  of  their 
dntv. 

'•He  held  himself  accessible  to  them  on  all  necessary 
occasions,  and  eneonraged  them  to  come  to  him  whenever 
Ihey  had  just  cause  oi'  complaint.  He  knew  what  every 
soldier  was  ciitithd  to.  and  would  never  suil'er  them  to  bo 
wromjed  or  imposed  upon.  Ho  took  great  pains  to  have 
them''i)rovided  at  all  times  with  a  sunieieney  of  provi-Moiis, 
clothing  and  everything  necessary  to  their  comfort.  Tho 
wounded  and  sick  experienced  his  constant  care  and  atten- 
tion. Thus  oilieers  and  men  came  to  regard  themselves 
as  a  band  of  brothers,  among  whom  none  of  the  austerities 
of  strict  discipline  were  observed.  The  all'ection  of  his 
men  for  Morgan  is  shown  in  the  fact,  that  almost  every 
one  who  nuirehed  witlj  him  through  the  wilderness  to 
Quebec  aiul  survived  its  disasters,  was  found  afterwards 
in  the  ranks  of  his  regiment. 

'•  He  never  permitted  any  of  them  to  be  brought  before  a 
court-martial,  or  to  be  punished  by  whipping.  [That 
sword  had  once  entered  his  own   soul.]     When  one  of 


jono  tliroii.u'h 
ck  till'  (jivut 
iiUorc-t.  ami 
(sliodlci's. 
iis|iiriilii>ii. — 
liiul  it  fx- 
,   and    wiisfi- 

irriiliir,  ratlicr 
l)cst  cxamiilo 
tlu'iii  ('(iiially 
I   allVclionalo 

lu'  stt'i'ii  aiitl 

Ho  appoalt'tl 

Ills  111(11,  anil 

uco  of    their 

all  nocopsiiry 
liiii  wliL'iiovor 
w  uliat  fVi-Ty 
vv  tliciu  t"  l»o 
pains  (o  'lavo 
of  jirovi.-itms, 
oinl'ort.  Tiic 
are  ami  alton- 
ii'd  tlu'insclvL's 
the  uuistcritii'S 
I'oction  di"  liis 
t  almost  ovi-ry 
wildcTMcss  to 
nd  aftiTwards 

DUght  lu'foro  a 
)|»ing.  [Thai 
When  onu  of 


ItAUl)   SKIlVIfi;   AN'I)   NO    I.AIIMM.S. 


148 


tlicni  was  charfjcdwith  an  olTciicc  wliich  i';illcd  for  piinish- 
incnt.  the  acri.iscd,  if  ;,aiilty,  was  taki'ii  liy  M<ir;:an  to 
.■idinc  sivliidcd  placf,  wliciv  no  one  ciddd  wiliicss  what 
nr.;hl  (km  iir.  and  tin  re,  after  a  Icetari'  (lU  Ihr  iiiiiiri'pi'iely 
(pf  ids  cuiidiiet,  Wduid  U'eiiM'  a  thiinipin.L'.  ninii'  o.  less 
M\el'e,  aicurdinu'  li>  the  nalui'i'  id'  his  <dVeiiee. 

••It  once  happemd.  when  .Mnrj,'an  was  away  fmni  his 
camp,  tiiat  itiif  (d'  his  favdritc  rillenien.  wlio  had  commit- 
ted .some  Miisdcineanor,  wa>  hron^dit  hid'nrc  a  <()iirl-mar- 
tial,  c((iid(iniied  and  whipped  in  the  face  of  the  whole 
re;;imeMt.  When  Morj^an  returned,  and  was  informed  id' 
\»  ii.it  had  happened,  lie  v  as  so  moved  that  he  weiit.  Ho 
dieiared  that  he  woiiM  not  have  had  theollVmled  whipped 
upon  any  consideration  wliatever;  that  he  was  a  hi^di- 
Hpirited  and  ellieieiit  soldier,  respected  at  home,  and  now 
he  must  ho  t-o  lowered  in  his  own  eslet  m  as  to  I c  iinalilo 
ever   to  recover  his  former  self-respect  and  pride  of  inaii- 

liood. 

"Another  instanco  oi"  his  iiianiier  of  ji-overniii,ij.  On  ono 
occasion,  a  roii.L,di  pine  cd'  road  was  to  he  repaired  ;  a 
l)arty  of  his  men  were  aeconlin-iy  sent,  under  an  eiisi^ni, 
to  execute  the  work.  While  thus  eiiiuM^red,  Mor^ran  rodo 
lip  and  saw  two  of  them  licavin.ir  at  a  lar^'c  rock,  tl<"  re- 
moval of  which  was  evidently  heyond  their  stren<,'th.  The 
oiisipn  stood  and  looked  on  hut  olTered  no  assistance. 
«  Why  don't  you  lay  hold  and  help  those  men?  '  imiuired 
Moi;.'au  of  the  eiisi^-u.  'Sir,'  replied  the  latter,  'I  am 
an  otKeer.'  '  I  he^'  your  pardon,'  responded  Morgan  ; 
'I  did  not  think  of  that.'  Instantly  ali;,dit in.;;  from  his 
horse,  he  apiiroaehcd  the  rotd<,  scizin.u;  hold  of  which,  iio 
exclaimed  to  the  men,  'Xow  heave  hard,  my  hoys.'  Tho 
rock  was  soon  displaced,  and  Morgan,  without  another 
word,  mounted  and  rode  olT."* 

We  have  alluded  toother  circumstances  that  conduced 
to  Morgan's  resignation.  The  deiireciatiou  o*"  l!.;  cur- 
*■  Gra/ttm's  Life  of  Miirgaii,\}.'H)0. 


141  HAIII*  smiVICK  ANU   NO   L.UUEt.8. 

rcncy,  and  tlu-  imvcrty  ..f  tl.o  n.ililary  chest,  l.iul  for 
H.m'  tim.'  U'ft  the  (.lli.rrs  vilhoiil  a.U-iiuilc-  snpiw.rt. 
Mui.v  .■lVi.iiMit..lli.vrs  Im.l  .luil  tho  sH-Nico,  bi'niii.si'  iUvy 
oouM  1...  lou-.r  inaUr  a  .U'.rnt  apiK^MMncc.  M..r::aM  luul 
1,,,,..  iMTi.  .Ira»ii.-..i.n.i  hi^  private  iwcmu'S.  wbilc  Ins 
interc.tH  wcro  .ulVciii.^' ^iriim.lv  l.y  his  i.n.traoU.l  ahsi'Uco 

from  liDiiH'.  .     1    ,  ,      f 

A.rniscrcoiniuilMon,  howrviT,  was  the  iini.aina  .^ua- .. 

hi.  iicallh.     The  unparallclca  scvrntii's  ..f  tliat  ill-slaiml 

(•anaclian  cxHitioi.  ;   that    wii.ttT  wading  thn.u-h    Iho 

rivers  an.l  mnvAws  oi  Maim',  will,  the  Hul.H.i.u'nt  hard 

service'  l-cfore  Quebec,  had   induced  u  rheunialic  allectDii, 

vvhicii  at  times  (U'vch)i>ed  into  a  Inrt  uriuR  sciatica. 

The  services  of  tlio  rille  corps,  for  the  eighteen  moiitlis 

fuUovvin-  the  surreudcr  at   Saratoga,   had  also   involved 

more  peril,  privation  and  fatigue  than  that  of  any  other 

regiment  in  the  army. 

Their  incessant  reconnoissaiices  and  mancuvrcs  beloro 
the  enemy's  outposts,  their  innunieral)le  piekel  lights  and 
Hkirmishes,  unrecoi<l>d,  h)St  to  history  and  now  forgotten, 
were  attended  by  mo.'  privation  and  danger  than  regular 
field  engagements. 

Ill  June,  I'm!*,  he  communicated  his  intentions  to 
Washington  and  asked  i.ermission  to  wait  upon  Congress 
Avith  his  resignation.  Washington  received  his  ]m.posi- 
tion  with  much  concern,  and  endeavored  to  dissuade  bun, 
while  he  admitted  the  gravity  of  the  causes  for  such  a 

stop.  ,    .  1 

Mor<^an,  however,  adhered  to  his  resolution,  and  prc- 
scnted^to  Congress,  a  few  days  after,  the  following  from 
the  commander-in-chief  ; 

"To  the  I'lMCSlDKST  OF  COXGUESS. 

,SVy  .•—Colonel  Morgan,  of  the  Virginia  line,  who  Avaits 
on  Congress  with  his  resignation,  will  have  the  honor  of 
delivering  this  to  yi)U.     I  cannot,  in  Justice,  avoid  men- 


8. 

ipsit,  li!i<1   for 

lilllc    Blllipnrt. 

bi'fiuiM'  liny 

MorL'iiii  liiid 

ic'S,  wbili'  lii."* 

ractid  iiliHi'lKO 

|i;iin'tl  .-lull'  III" 
lint  ill-stairid 

tliroii^ih    till) 
i).-t(iiuiit   liiirtl 
lalir  ullVctioii, 
'iiiticu. 
rliU'fii  niuiitlis 

ul.-o   in  vols  1(1 
It  ul"  uuy  other 

nc'uvros  iH'foio 
•kcl  li;:lils  and 
now  i'orj,'<)tt('ii, 
IT  tliiin  rctriilur 

intentions    to 

npon  C'onp'esrf 

I'll  liis  jmiposi- 

0  (lissnude  him, 

ases  for  such  u 

lit  ion,  and  prc- 
fol lowing  from 


lino,  who  Avaits 
ve  the  honor  of 
Liee,  avoid  nien- 


HAUD  SEUVKJi:  AND   NO   LAlMlKLS. 


115 


tioniii;,'  him  um  ii  \ery  valmihlo  olHcer,  who  has  remien  d  ii 
Keriefi  of  important  service.-,  and  di.stinj,'ui.-lied  hinirtelf  on 
ticvcrul  oceisions. 

"  1  am,  sir,  very  re^peel  fully, 

*'  Vour  (diedirnt  HervanI, 

•'  liKO.  Wasuixoton." 


1^1 

lit 


■ 

i'.. 


XV.--1778-1770. 
AllXOLI)    AT   PlIlI.ADKLrillA. 

ARNOLD.  I'v  tl>iH  li«'»s  was  movin}!  Hwiltly  to  tho 
A  .•oMSM.u...atinn  ..f  l.H  villainir..  Afl.r  ihv  "  Sau-~ 
n,ulrr;-Or.olK.rlMr,lH.lm.l    lain  huuu-  .....uIIh  ...  Ims- 

c  v.u'  f.'f  l.i    iTUNcrv  aM.l   n.ilitary  skill.  .■iurMaly  /.  //« 
S;;"!  «///-«  AV//.  Sr,ta>,l.r,  of  which  he  got  Iho  whole 

"''cln^ivsH  haa  so  far  rvl-uU.\  as  to  porniit  \Va4,ingtou 
<o  .•onrn.ission  hin,  to  the  full   rank  for  which  h.  ha.l  so 
v^  i     tly  contcu.lcl  with  that  body.    There  is   '  jle  .loul. 
e  iniustico  of  (Jate.   toward  Arnol.l  stil    further 
^      li     .1      csv,upa.hi.sof.hecoi^ 

conipanied  theconnnis/.on  with  alctter  suy.np  "  Assoun 
u  -2  situation  will  ,erinit,  I  request  you  will  repair  o 
Sis  unny,  it  l-.iuK  my  earnest  wish  to  have  your  servKcs 
the  ensuiiitr  oanipai^'n. ' 

In  the  sprin,  of  ITTH,  he  J-'-eyed  homewan^  ^e  v 
Haven.  Kear  that  i.lace,  he  reccivea  unn.iMakal.le  .U 
"o^l^ations  of  the  puhlic  appreciation  ol  his  sen  •  . 
Li.-,  nut  uiHl  es.,ortea  into  the  town  by  Bcverul  n.  litu  y 
commnios  with  lea.lins  citizens,  while  his  arrival  w 
an^.mcea  hv  thirteen  disehai-es  of  cannon  He  reeei  .1 
:^r      ea'further  coinpl.nient  from  Washington,  in  tlie 

;      of  a  hanasoine  set  of  epaulettes  un.   sword  knot        s 

u  testimony  of  sincere  regard  and  approhatH.n  of  h,s  co  - 

n  t "    These  had  been  sent  to  Washington  tro.n  one  of 


AUNOI.Ii   AT   IIIII.ADKM'HIA. 


Ill' 


.IMIIA. 

gwiftly  t'>  tho 
Hit  I  lie  "Slir- 
iuoiiIIh  ill  ln)S- 
,.  litre  lie  iic- 
.f  (1(11.  ml  Hiir- 
I'.-jHi'ially  ///  //'fl 
>  got  llio  wliulo 

mit  \Vii>liingtt>n 
which  111'  liiiil  .-^o 
re  iH  little  »l()iil»t 
(,1(1  still  further 
ilei-iii-chiei",  who 
^iiyiiip,  "As soon 
oil  will  repair  to 
,ve  your  services 

onicwanl  to  Now 
iiniiistakalilo  tle- 
1  of  hid  service;, 
,'  geveriil  luilitury 
hid  arrival  wa-i 
on.  III.'  received 
'ashiiifiton,  in  tho 
I  sword  knot,  "  as 
l»ation  of  hiscon- 
igtou  from  cue  of 


his  rreiieh  iidnru-erf,  willi  the  rei|iKMt  that  lie  would  wear 
out',  mid  lirt'sfciit  the  other  to  any  jfcntleinan  he  uii^ihl 
select. 

At  the  (lid  of  May  W,f<,  .\iiiold  joined  \Va.-hiiiu'l<in  at 
Valley  I''or;,'c.  'riiecoiidilioii  of  hi-  wound  >till  foiliiddihfj 
aclive  i-ervicc.  \Va>hiii;;loti  decided  to  appoint  him  to  the 
coiiinianil  at  riiiladdphia,  as  soon  in  the  l»riti>h  should 
I'vaeiiatc  it. 

A  more  injiidieioiis  appointment  was.  perhaps,  ne.er 
made.  No'hiii','  could  imoic  forcihiy  il!ii>tralc  how  eoin- 
phlely  Washinjitoii's  eyes  were  lioKlen  in  rc;.'ard  to  Arnold's 
character  and  (|iialili<atioiis.  A  military  commandant  wiw 
Hcarci'ly  neces.sary,  lis  only  ii  handful  of  militia  remained 
in  the  city  ;  hut,  ollu'rwisc,  the  po>t  involved  the  selllc- 
ineiit  of  the  nici'st  and  most  intricate  (|iieslion!<,  re<iiiiriii;,' 
tho  utmost  tact,  delicacy,  jnd^'iueiit  and  integrity. 

Darinil  the  Hrili~li  occupation  of  Philadelphia,  many  of 
doiihlfiil  patriotism  had  Hocked  thither,  and  still  re- 
nmiiied,  holding  large  (piiitititics  of  mcrcliaiidise  ;  this 
naturally  led  to  disputed  ownershipand  gave  upportunitica 
for  rraudiilcnl  transactions. 

The  dilliciilty  was  further  complicated  hy  the  indeliiui- 
ble  powers  of  tho  military  commander,  llow  far  did  his 
iinthority  extend,  :ind  where  cl.i.-li  with  the  civil  go\ern- 
niciit  of  I'ennsylvaniu,  whose  laws  its  citizens  were  lioimd 
to  obey  ? 

Arnold's  iiistriietions  from  Washington  ooiild  only  bo 
expressed  in  general  terms,  leaving  far  too  much  to  his 
own  discretion  in  their  oxocnt ion. 

Jlis  proclaniation  upon  entering  the  city,  prohibiting  tho 
sale  of  any  and  all  goods  until  a  joint  committee  of  Con- 
gress and  rennsylvania  sliouM  decide  their  ownership, 
brought  upon  him  at  (Uice  an  odium  that  his  haughtinosa 
and  arrogance  could  only  incroaso. 

Hel'ore  a  month,  this  restless  spirit  conceived  a  ;-uddon 
design  of  obtaining  the  command  of  the  navy,  and  with 


IIH 


AiiNoi,i»  AT   mil  \itii.rni.\. 


t 


In 


ti 


llmt  lull-Ill  wrote  l.Miinnuil  llu- «oriiniun.l.rliit  hit  f.  !»:!>'• 

iiiit  »lmt  hi*  iViiii.l-  IumI  |in>i>(Mcil  Mitli  u  \>m\\m\  U.t  him. 
Tlu  Chi.  r.  in  iv|-h .  <l'vliMc.l  !.•  iidvin-  liuii  in  llu'  mat- 

tir,  iirjriiiK  hi-*  i^riioi'iiin  i'  "f  n^ivnl  tt.iun'nH. 
Am  Ihin-  U  niiwhnv  uiiv  f'.onl  or  uii\  »ii.  li  ..lT<r  luiny 

*.tis.'j.'<'^l<'«l  f'Tor  iiiii.!.'  l..'Arii(.l«l.  *'\iTi.l  in  ih-i  l.lt.i'lu 

NV.ishin^tttn,  il  was  .I.miIiiIo^h  ii  malliTnr  hi*  own  inyt'U. 

ti.Mi.  iin.l  lu' Ihoujiht  tooltlain  iho  iiillncmf  t-f  Uasliius- 

loii  li»  furthor  hi-<  plun^. 
Ill-  wiirt  ni.isl  iikoly  in.luco<l  lo  Iho  prujirt  by  inarico— 

it  ..pciiL'tl  a  lino  prosjH'C't  of  rii-I,   prizt's  an<l   |.ttintUr. 

Money  wui*  hocomiii,'  an  ali>olul-  iii'ci'->-ily,  r<.«'  l»«'  wiw 

ul  ihiri  liuii'  ill  IIh'  ni'i'i''^''**  |Hruniury  MraiU. 

in  a'^MiniiiiiL!:  I  he  lonimand  of  thu  nty,  ho  had  installtil 

hiniceir  in  u  »«lvK'  of  Hpkntlid  «"ctra\aj!;aiKv,  out  of  all 
prop'Tlion  to  liiH  ivvrnuc'S.  He  t"*.ii  a  hanil-oinr  Iioiimo, 
foiincrly  Uk-  in  nn  mansion,  fni'«i.Mh«Ml  ;,i  fxtravapiiitly, 
on.l  tlniv.!  a  cimcli  and  four.  Wlini  Uu-  Fnii.li  Ani»m.s,*a. 
dor  arrivfd  in  IMiilad.lphiu.  hi;  and  his  Miito  w.n  Ar- 
nold's f,MU'Hts  for  kiomo  luiii'. 

Likivviso,  I;i0  ha<l  married  tlit-  yowng  and  l.rautihil 
daughter  of  Mr.  Kdwin  Shippcii.  afterwards rhiel' .In -tie- 
of  IVniir^yUunia—pninoiineed  royalists.  The  !atly  Imd 
k.^non  terms  (d"  intimacy  with  the  IJritisli  oilleeri<  .liiri(i« 
their  oreupati..n  of  the  city;  ^he  had  adorned  the  (Vie. -I" 
the  Mischiaiiza.  inaiifjuratcit  in  honor  of  the  depart, le^' 
lierues.  and  afterwards  correH,M»,.ded  with  Major  Andre. 
Social  relations,  ki»  intimate,  witli  ilio  royalist  circles  of 
Pliiladelphiii.   doubtless  iiiwis  Btimulus   and   directicn  to 

Ariudd's  villainy.  ,   . ,    ,     » 

A  few  months  after  tho  " nuvul" project  subsided.  Ar- 
nold coiK'eived  a  disi^'u  oi  obtuinin;,'  rt  tjrant  .d'  land  in 
Western  Nev  York,  as  a  place  of  settl.men^  for  oIVk  .rs 
(uul  .-soldiers  who  had  served  under  him,  and  others— who- 
soever would.  It  received  the  sii-.etion  and  favor  of  soino 
of  the  best  men  of  tha'  Stale  ;  bui  this  projoijt  necessitated 


f 


I 


AUN<I|,|)    AT    I'irit.Vltl  Ll'ltlV. 


t«» 


r-jn-tltii-r.  any' 

H    ill    tlu'  lltltt- 

ii||  filTiT  \h\\\n 

{\\,n  111  tor  to 

\\i  (»wn  iiivt'ii* 

r  (.r   Wusllillif- 

ct  bv  ii\!iriro— 
and   |)tiinili'r. 
ty,  r«,i-  I  If  \V(W 
s. 

(1  hull  instullcil 
lie.',  Diit   (if  all 

IhImiIUi'    lltlllS^O, 

I'Xtruvapiii'ly, 
■C'lirll  AnnuLssiii- 
tiiiito  win    Ar- 

ujkI  iKiuitifiil 
JnCliii'lMii-tic'i' 

Tin*  !iuly  liitd 
I  (illliHTX  iltiridfj 
nifil  tho  (V'li'  cf 
f  tlic  ilcpiirtiiii,' 
\\  Major  Aiiilri'. 
yulist  circ'lt'S  of 
ml  (liricticu  to 

t  snbsidiil.  Ar- 
;raiit  ol'  laud  ia 
xwn^  fc.r  (illictTS 
lid  others — who- 
id  favor  of  '<uino 
joi;t  iu'cessitat<'d 


I 


n  pi'hMH  fur  luiililiiiif  <i|> — ciciiliiisr  Miinithiii}^  — hrinjfinjj 
iiiiiiii  tliiii;X  •"  I"'*'*'  Aniidil'M  jft'iiiiit  wa'*  iiiir  of  d«"*t«'iu>- 
lioii  .viily;  hu  t'ontd  only  pull  ilowr  aiul  di'xlr»>y.  'I'liit 
Ht'liciiii  I'  II  liii'iiu„'li.  V.liul  Will  \vniii|Mil  tip  ill  tlifit  pro* 
Ju't  no  itiiiii  kiiinss  Mo-t  lilvrl\  it  »a-<  ii  pn  :«riitiiui  iit  <if 
MiU'h  Iri'UHoit  M  that  tuibH'ipuntly  atitniptvil  liy  Ai'i'oii 
Hinr. 

l-'roiii  Iht-  limi' of  Ani'ild's  arrisul  in  riiiliiiMphin.  ho 
hud  \»'vn  iuvolvi'd  in  n  ii.iiiint  di^piitt'H  iiiid  ilitlliMiliii'ii 
with  tho  ••t'oinnil  of  I\nn''yl\tiiiia,'' which  ri'siili "diKWi'ii 
iiioiilhs  afliT,  aliiiiit  ■liinuiiry  I'V.*,  in  tln'  pas^ap'  hy  that 
hudy  of  a  i»'\ti'i'  piililic  r«'ii.'<uiv  Upon  hi,'*  coiidinl.  TIr' 
Ationioy  (U'lU'i'til  wiw  diri'ctfd  to  pro^i'culc  him  in  tlnir 
court?*  Ill'  I  iw  fur  his  illi  ^al  and  nppivMsivi'  act?'. 

A.«  Ariidld  Mas  u  I  nitid  Statts  othi'iT.  it  wii^  tlioiijjht 
proper  to  up|it'al  to  t'otifjroHt*,  timl  tu'cordinK'v  •'"'>'  bail 
tlicir  thar>;i'S  hi'foiv  that  hody.  Tlusi'  .locimu'iiti*  wi'i'u  in 
tinio  rcfiTfi'd  to  a  "ci-mniittt'c  of  iii<iiiiry,"  who  vindi- 
cated Arnold  Irnm  all  criininality  on  thi'  I'liur^'cs  litoiiaht 
lid'on;  them.  Hut  it  catne  to  Ik>  known  that  thu"<'ou- 
{.'rcssional  ('oiumitttc  "  had  not  rn'i'iv.d  |hi>  full  tcmtimony 
olfi'ivd  l»y  the  "('oiincil  of  I'cniifvhania,"  ><o  iliat  lliiir 
roport  wjw  not  ncccpti'd  by  I'ongri'iiJ*,  hut  n-forrcd  anew 
to  anothrr  joint  conimilfoo  of  tin'  two  hmliox. 

Till'  all'air  dragged  on  for  iUontliM.  iiini  it  vvas  fiiifilly 
]»ropo>oil  to  ri'fcr  it  to  tho  t'oimnandir-iu-fhii'r  and  to  tt 
niiliiiiry  triln.nal. 

Ariuild  considi'i'od  himscIC  xcry  unhandsomely  dealt 
with  by  Congr'ss,  whii  li  had  deilinnl  to  coutirm  thy 
ne<|iiiftul  of  their  own  "Committee,"  i»ud  ho  charged  them 
xvith  sacrificing  him  to  maintain  amieablo  relations  with 
tho  '•('oiiiieilof  reiinsylvania." 

Tho  court-martial  wm  al'out  to  asi^omblc.  .fuuo  Int. 
Ki'.>,  at  Middii  brook,  when  the  Itrifisli  Uiiuy  threatened  a 
movement  upon  the  llmlson,  or.  it,  might  he,  into  the 
Jirs.'ys  ;  the  court  wus  iuljounied. 


\ 


f 


m 


AIIMul.li   A  I    illlUMKI.IillA. 


^i^rnnl.l  1»;»T.  J.v  |>vriM!-M.ii  of  WiwWu'jrioti.  Iv.i.Ml.il  hi4 
riviiiiMtiioi  «..im-  muiiili^  1..  loiv  ;  In-.  Im.w.v. c.  Mill  r. luiii.'il 
U\4  c.MnmH-ioii  iHiil  nmliiiiu'«l  to  ri-M"'  in  I'hilii.l.  I|.liiu. 

|K.|ii«U'»l  by  111.'  mIwhm  k>rM.'iKl««''l  |"'|'"l«"'.  •"  **•''* 
out-  iluy  a-«iaiilt(«l  in  lit'"  Mmt^  I'.v  u  im"I».  II"  iiniiM'li- 
ttl.ly.. ".1.11.111111.  .1  IoCmiiki-'M  imi'I  ri'im'iilt'a  lliiit  IhkIv  to 
»ml"r  him  u  ismtil  of  loiiliii' nlul  Ii'.h»|.i*.  mltliii;.'.  '•lliU 
iv.iii->l.  I  iir.^mi.'.  will  ni.l  !..•  .I.iii.tl  lo  a  mini  wh"  luH 
Koullni  r.Mi-hl  aii.l  l.l.'.l  ill  ili.'.l.'f.mvuf  III.*  liUrrti.'H  ..f 

hii<  n.iiiitrv." 

(•..iiy:iv.H(l.<rm.'<l  »'•  inti-rfir..  uml   r.rtrr.<l  liim  In  tlio 

«i\il  uiiilH'rili.H  of  l»i  iiii-\ls..iiia  I'-r  ritlivuH.     lie  ri'in'Wi-.l 

liiM  ri'.|ii.7»l  for  a  u'l""''!  "f  '"^^'y  '"•'"•  '•«''''"f'">'  •'""  '''* 
lift'  wut  in  dan;.'.!-  Irnm  a  -  mud.  i;ffmmiit.  d.dml"!  rid.l.l.-," 
»;ruiii  ivriiiiidiiii,'  iIk'Hi  "f  •'i-'  '"'i'^  •""'  -'•''>'^"<-''<'  t'oiiyiviti 
turiu'd  li  'kut  t'ur  lo  lUu  wily  i'isieirulus. 


I:  , 


U 


Htilt  rttaiiiikl 

liliitli'l|illtU. 
llllln',  lit'    W.W 
III'    lllllll*>li> 

that  ImhIv  Io 
iiltliii;:.  "  lliit 
iiiiiii  svlio  liii^ 
ic  liliirtiiH  iif 

il  liitii  til  tlii> 

III'  I'llicwril 

iriiiu  'l)ut  liin 
Iu.Im!  rnM.I.'," 
Vit.      t'ullgtVi«M 


XVI.     I77!M7H0. 
Tin:    (orUT-MAUTIAL. 

TIIK  full  of  li^ii  ui.i«'iiwiiv  ill  iiiiliiiicv  iniiiif'iivri'><,nMfl 
in  lliii  wiiiltT  \Vii-liiti;.Miin  itiiiMiniiitil  lliiit  ii  riiiiri< 
tiiiirlial  WDiilil  iHxi'iiilili'  Ih'i  <  iiilici- '.'D.  1 1  pill  I  iitilil  •!  iiiih 
iirv  ;')itli.  liHO,  wlii'ii  it  |ir<iiiiiiiii(Til  \\n  vcrdiri. 

Arimlil^  (Icrtiin'  III"  liiiii'i'lf   wii"! '•  vi^ii'inM.  cliiliMnito 

mill    rlllliarlt'ri''lir,"  r^|H'i'iilll,V     ulli'll    lie    llia<li>    llin    llfliul 

|itiiiii|('uf  liiri  "  iiiiti'ioiJHiii,  Hft's ii'CK,  muriilct'H  and  woiiiiiU, 
iiiul  I'liiitiiri'Jiti'il  |ii<4  rial  Hiiil  iiiiii;:iiiiirv  unui;^'!''."  'I'liiii 
o\ir-t|iiiii'.  wi'iikiiu'il  till'  I'nrir  (•!'  Iiim  iiif,'iumiil-',  ami  it 
Will*  i-liMii'ly  Mi'ni  Imw  lulritilly  ho  iiiaiu'iivroil  to  iliviTl  thu 
iitlt'iitii)ii  iif  till' (iiiii't  fniiii  CMMMilial  I  )  irnlcviint  |i<iiiit^. 
llf  spiikt'  tliii-i ;  '•  Wliiii  tilt'  pri'M'iil  iu'('i"^Hai7  war  wiili 
(iirat  Iti'itaiii  i'iiiiiiih'Iii'imI,  I  was  in  easy  ('ir(Uiii''laiic('H, 
liii|i|iy  ill  (liinii'slic  cuiiiu'ctiuii.x,  hU'^tti'il  with  a  ri-iiii^ratiiily 
wlni  cliiiiiH'il  my  cuiv  iitnl  ailt'iitinii.  The  iilicrtiiv-i  i>(  my 
(oiiiiliy  \vi  If  ill  tlaii;;i'r.  Shi'  calli'il  on  all  her  failhl'iil 
tutiiM  tit  jiiiii  in  her  tlct'i'iict'.  I  ohoycd  tlio  call.  I  Hacri- 
llii'il  iliiiiii'-tii!  cano  anil  lia|»piiii'-s  In  the  mtvIoo  (if  my 
cmintiy,  ami  in  hor  scrvii'c  iiavi'  I  j-acriliitil  it  trrcat  part 
(if  II  haiiiNoinc  ftit'tuin'.  I  wan  oiu'  nf  tlio  lii'st  hi  tlio 
tiflil,  1111(1  frnm  that  liiiic  to  the  pri'.-n'iit  Imui'  I  havo  not 
aliaiiiiiiui'il  hiT  MTvioc.  My  tiiiii',  my  pi'isun  ant)  my 
fnrtiiiu'  have  hci'ii  ticvntcd  tu  my  coiintry  in  thi-i  war,  and 
if  tho  8i'ntiiiu'iit<  nf  tlmso  who  nro  siipromi'  in  tlw  ITnitcd 
States  in  civil  and  military  alTairn  have  any  wiij,'lil,  my 
time,  my  ftirlnne  and  my  person  have  no!  Ineii  devoted  hi 
>uui.    *    *    *    *     Ilmvc  often  hied    in  this  Kcrvice ;  tho 


lo'^ 


Tin;  coi  K■r-MAla•IAI-. 


n...l•l^s  that  I  lioiir  iirt' siilliciciit-  cvidfiico  (if  my  cniitliict. 
The  iiiipiirliiil  iridic  will  Jml-v  ol"  niv  .<i'r\ircs  ami  ul.v- 
ilicr  till' nuiriis  1  liavo  iiict  wiili  ari'  iint  liiiclmvd  wiili 
till'  l.ascst  iiijinititiulo."'  lie  liillcrly  (Iciimiiurd  lii.s  pcr- 
Kcculnis,  as  lit'  was  plcasid  to  call  his  |trn>cciitiirs.  and 
adtUd  :  "111  the  hmir  of  daii^'cr.  when  llio  alTairs  of 
America  wore  a  ^rlooiiiy  aspect,  when  onr  illii.-trioiis  (ieii- 
eral  was  retreatiii.i;  tliroii;:li  New  Jersey  with  a  haiidl'iil 
of  men,  I  did  not  iiropose  to  my  associates  basely  to  (jiiit, 
the  (ioiieral  and  saeriliee  the  cause  of  my  country  to  my 
jiersonal  .safety,  hy  a^hv^  over  to  the  enemy  and  makin.i,' 
my  peace." 

"Savs  Sparks  :  "  The  hoastfnliiess  and  mali;j;nily  of  tlieso 
dcchimtions  arc  olivious  enon,!.di ;  hnt  their  consiimnialo 
hypocrisy  can  he  understood  only  hy  knowing'  thi'  fad  that, 
attliomonient  they  were  littered,  he  had  l)eeiiei;,dit  months 
in  secret  t'orrospomhMicc  with  the  enemy, and  was  prepared, 
when  the  lirst  opporteiiity  ^houid  olTi'r,  to  de.-ert  and  he- 
tray  his  eonntry."  Notwithslandin",'  this  clnhorult' defence, 
llie  court  found  him  f,Multy  of  two  of  the  four  cliar^ies. 
aiid  .seiiteiiceil  him  to  he  rcprimandeil  liy  the  commander- 
in-chief. 

The  lungmige  of  Washinjiton  was  preserved  liy  >r.  .\Iar- 
hois,  secretary  of  the  rreneh  legation:  '-Our  profession 
is  the  chastest  of  all.  The  shadow  of  a  limit  tarnishes 
our  most  l)rilliant  actions.  The  least  inadvertence  may 
eanse  us  to  lose  that  imhlic  favor  which  is  so  hard  to  he 
gained.  I  reprimand  you  for  liaving  forgotten  that,  in 
proportion  as  you  had  rendered  yourself  i'ormidahle  to  our 
enemies,  you"  should  luive  shown  moderation  to  o\ir 
citizens.  Exliihit  again  those  splendid  qualities  whicli 
have  i)laeed  you  in  the  rank  of  our  most  distinguished^ 
generals.  As"  far  as  it  shall  he  in  my  power,  I  will  myself 
furnish  you  with  opportunities  for  regaining  the  esteem 
which  vou  have  formerly  enjoyed." 

Washington's  tenderness  and  delicacy  were  as  pearls 


I 


r, 


r 


my  coliiltict. 
CCS.  ;iiiil  U  I."- 
iiicliii'cil  will) 
need  lii.s  |i(r- 
iscciitiirs.  iiiiil 
lliu  iitViiirs  (pf 
lii>trit>iis  (ici\- 
itli  ii  liiiiidrnl 

l)iiscly  In  iiuit. 
•(iiiiitry  to  my 
y  iiml   niiikiiit^ 

i^^nity  of  llicso 
r  ('oiisiiimiialc 
X  llic  I'licl  tli;it, 
11  ci;,'lit  luoiillis 
1  was  prepared, 
Ic.-crt  and  lic- 
joi'alc  del'i'iu'c, 
foiir  cliar^os, 
le  c'ommaiider- 

•(■d  l.y  M.  .Mar- 
Oiir  pntfcssioii 
fault  tariii.slii.'S 
dvortoiice  may 
1  HO  hard  Id  1>o 
rcittcii  tliat,  ill 
rmidahle  t"  our 
'ration  to  our 
jualitios  wliifli 
t  distiii;;'ui.-lK'd 
■r,  I  will  myself 
ing  the  esteem 

were  as  pearls 


Tin:  (oi'KT-M  \u■rIAI,. 


l.■.:t 


Ihntwn  to  swine,     lie  nccivctl  llic  n  iirimainl  with  sullen 

reserve,  and  fr this  time  devoted  liimseif  to  siicii  iiiatiir- 

iii;:  of  his  tre;i>onal)lc  dcsi;rns  as  i-liouid  hrill^'  him  the 
jar^'csl  pecuniary  results.  Ilea.>ked  leave  of  altsence  for 
the  smiimer.  on  the  i)lca  of  attending'  to  his  private  all'airs, 
hilt  eontinned  to  reside  in  I'lrdadclphia.  He  was  at  tiiat, 
time  eoncerneil  in  petty  .viiceiilalioiis,  privateering'  enter- 
prises imd  (•oinniercial  ventures,  in  which  he  had  his  usual 
ill-luck  —  '-the  los-es  oiit\vei,<,diiii!.'  the  jirotits."  Also, 
.shortly  after  the  trial,  he  a<;ain  pressed  Con^'ress  for  u 
settli'ineiit  of  his  old  disputed  aceoiints,  with  such 
ciTronlery  as  to  eontirm  his  enemies  in  their  dis,!;iists  ami 
wear  out  the  patience  of  his  friends.  His  tdaims  were 
not  allowed. 

His  ne.\t  move  was  to  o!fer  himself  for  sale  to  tlie  French 
envoy,  M.  de  la  I.uzerne.  Tluit  minister,  takini,'  tliepnh- 
li(!  estimate  of  his  disliiiiruisiieil  services,  had  tirated  him 
with  irreat  kindness  even  after  the  eensure  of  the  court- 
martial.  Arnold  wished  to  turn  the  Frenchman's  ameni- 
ties into  cash,  and  to  that  end  ho  unhosomed  himself 
without  reserve,  making'  tlie  usual  parade  of  his  "  services, 
sacriliees  and  wounds,  the  iii.irratitude  of  his  country,  tho 
injiistieo  of  Congress,  and  the  malice  of  his  enemies." 

The  war,  he  said,  had  swamped  his  fortunes ;  iio  was 
harasseil  hy  his  creditors,  ami,  unless  he  could  eflect  a 
loan  to  the  amount  of  his  debts,  he  should  he  compelled  to 
(juit  his  profession  from  p"»erty.  He  si't  hefore  the  min- 
ister the  great  advantages  that  would  accrue  to  his  sov- 
ereign, the  French  king,  t((  secure  to  his  service  an  Ameri- 
can general  of  a  rank  and  inllueiicc  so  high  as  his. 

'I'he  Frenchman  was  a  man  of  clean  hands  and  noljlc 
sentiments;  he  listened  to  the  American  with  ]iain,  and 
frankly  answered  :  "Yon  desire  of  me  a  service  which  it 
\v(uild  1)0  easy  for  me  to  render,  luit  which  would  degrade 
ns  Inith.  Wh(>n  the  envoy  of  a  foreign  power  gives,  or,  if 
you  will,  lends   monev,  it   is  ordinarily  to  corrupt  tiiose 


tfaaBMiaMg»i''*if^te.Ma«saaga 


SM 


IIIK   (  OUin-MAIlTIAI.. 


hi 


wild  n-ocivc  if.  and  to  make  tliciii  tin*  creatures  of  tlic 
8()\i'ri'i,!.'ii  \vl\(im  licsi'rvt'S  ;  or,  rallicr,  lie  corriiiil.s  willioul 
persuaclitifr ;  lif  l>iiys  and  dors  not  srcnn-. 

"  Hut  tlu'  lii'iu  li'a;:uf  cnicrt'd  into  hctwccn  tlic  Kin},' 
and  tlif  rnitcd  Stales  is  liii'  uorlv  of  justice  and  ol"  ilio 
wisest  [xiiicv.  It  lias  for  its  liasis,  u  rcciiirocai  interest 
and  },'o(mI  will.  In  the  uii>>ion  with  uliieii  I  am  eharu'ed, 
niv  true  ,L:lory  eonsists.  in  fullillinir  it  without  iMtri,L;iu'  or 
ciihal  ;  witiiout  resortinj,'  to  si'crcL  pruet ices,  and  by  the 
I'orei'  alone  of  the  eouditions  of  the  alliauee." 

iMirtlieriniire.  hopin;,'  to  win  haek  to  Jiaths  of  duly  and 
rectitude  so  illustrious  ii  .-uhlier.  he  "  !iddres>ed  him  in  the 
laiiguiiL'c  of  ox|)ostulation  and  advice,  reiniiidiiiir  him  that 
murmurs  and  resentnienis  at  the  acts  of  |iuMie  liodies  and 
the  persetiilions  of  political  (»liltonents,  were  evidences  of 
u  weak  rather  tlian  of  a  ^n-eat  mind,  rest in.ir  ou  its  <iwn 
dijfnily  and  power,  aiiti  that  a  consciousness  of  innocence 
was  hiHliest  support.  He  recurred  to  the  renown  of  his 
former  exploits,  appealed  to  his  !<ense  of  jjatriotism  and 
honor,  his  love  of  <j;lory.  and  repre<en!ed  in  the  most  attrac- 
tive colors  the  wide  lield  of  action  yet  liei'ore  him.  if  ho 
w(nild  .suppress  his  aii;j:rr.  bear  his  trouldes  with  fortitiale, 
iiiid  unite  heart  and  hand  with  his  cumpatriots  in  the 
i^wnl  work  in  which  he  had  alri'ady  laltorc.l  with  so  much 
credit  to  himself,  and  beuelit  lo  his  country."  * 

The  iiiteh  of  such  sentinionts  was  away  above  and  out 
of  Arnold's  inner  sen.sc  of  hcarinji;  the  one  only  thinir  he 
wanted  was  money.  The  advice  of  the  French  minister 
was  not  appreciated,  and  Arnold  left  him.  iudi.iruant  at 
his  ill  success,  and  at  the  rebulT  he  had  received. 

Arnold's  talents  show  to  the  hi;;hest  advantage  in  the 
matter  of  the  treas(m  ;  in  devisin<r  mischiefs  he  was  in  his 
element.  The  i)lan  was  matured  with  skill,  caution  (le- 
liberalion,  and  matchless  ability,  np  to  a  certain  point; 
for  at  the  last,  always.  "  the  devil  is  an  ass." 
*  fipfirLi'  L{!''  •]!'  Arnold. 


I  i. 


t 


1 


iturcs  of  the 
iijils  wit  limit. 

CM  till'  Kiiij,' 
(■  iiml  i>r  iIk" 
•oca!  interest, 
iini  cliarired, 
t  iiitri,L;iu'  iir 
!,  ami  l»y  tlic 

;  111"  (inly  and 
'(I  liiiii  ill  the 
lin^  iiiin  that 
lie  hdilies  ami 
eviiK'iiees  uf 
iir  (III  its  (i\\  11 
of  ililKM'eiiei! 
'OlKiWll  (if  his 
itri(iti<Mi  and 
e  iiKisI  altrai!- 
H'e  him.  if  ho 
I'ith  fort  it  nth', 
itritits  ill  liie 
with  so  iiiiicli 

ihove  and  out. 
only  thiiiir  he 
L'lU'ii  minister 
indiirnaiit.  at 
ived.  ' 

■antajjo  in  tho 
;  he  was  in  liis 
1,  caiitiuii  dc- 
jcrluiii  iioint ; 


I  1 


Tin:  ( oiiii-M AUii.M.. 


l.-),' 


He  iiad  lieeii  for  ei^liteeii  iiioiiliis  in  cninmiiiiieatioii 
with  the  enemy  iiinier  ii.-siiined  miiiii.s.  The  correspond- 
ence with  .Major  A  11(1  n'',  slill  niaintaiiied  by  .Mr<.  Arnold 
aflir  lier  iii,irria,ire.  atfordcd  facilities  which  Arnold  so 
miin:i'ii'i|  as  not  even  to  excite  her  8ll-liic!()li>.  'riiroii^h 
iliis  cliaiinel  he  coinmimicatdl  directly  wiili  Sir  Henry 
Clinloii.  He  was  in  Iiriti-h  pay.  and  had  already  I'ur- 
ni>liei|  salualde  informal  ion. 

It  wa<  now  iiiidsiininier  of  lisn.  and  c.'rtain  movements 
of  the  French  and  Kn-li  ii  lleeis.  newly  arri\ed  in  our 
waters,  juade  it  desirahh'  to  consummate  the  treason. 

We  have  already  explained  that  from  tlKM'omineiieenienfc 
of  ho^lilities,  the  possesMoii  of  the  Hudson  liiver  had  heeii 
the  supreme  olijeet  of  the  r»riti>li.  Arnold's  sii|ireme 
necessity  was  money,  and  he  knew  that  U<'st  I'oiiit  would 
hrin.ir  the  larj^e-t  pviee  in  the  l'>rili-h  market;  this  hooty, 
so  ri(di,  li'.'  lioped  nii;i-|it  he  furl  her  enhanced  liy  the  iie- 
trayal  into  tin-  (Miemy's  hands  of  the  iiersoii  of  lii,s  friend 
and  heiiefaclnr,  the  commander-in-tdiief.* 

*  Till)  follDwiiiK  li'tter  tVdiii  ihr  ctiivalroiis  yolla,^'  Liiurona  cs- 
pri'SSi!*  the  wi'iitiiueiit  of  tlie  tliiy  (Hi  lliis  |iniiil : 

'■  riiir,.M)i:i.iMii  \,  ( i(  IoIkt  ■!.  1  rso. 

".sVr.— With  IJK!  tiiiiinph  «{  ii  reinililiciiii  iiml  '.he  iiiniT  tinder 
eiiKitioiw  1)1'  (ilie  w!i  >  shicerely  levtM  liis  (ieiieiai,  1  CMiij.M-iitiihite  ymir 
I'An'lleiicy  "II  yciiir  latt;  i>ri)vi(leniiiil  e.-i.'aiie.  1  ciniiiriitiilate  my 
oouiitry,  wliDse  Hiilety  is  m  iiitiiimtely  united  witli  yours,  and  wlio 
iiiav  r('.:ard  iliis  miniculdiis  rescue  of  tier  clianipioii,  as  an  assuraiio 
tl;,it  I  h'aven  approves  lur  olioice  of  a  defender,  and  is  iiropitions  to 
her  cause  In  f:ict,  idl  the  ascendency  tliat  could  lie  'X'wn  tiy  virtue, 
(ri'iiius  and  valor,  would  only  have  furnished  a  deplorable  exainplo 
of  union uiiate  merit,  if,  by  the  Divine  interposition,  you  liad  not 
lirevai'ed  over  tlie  most  impenetrable  iiert'uly  that  lias  yet  dis>rrac(!(l 
iniinkind.  'I'his  happy  event  lunst  insiiinf  ev(-ry  virtuous  citizen  of 
Ainerica  with  new  conlideiice,  and  tiMiislix  tier  enemies  with  awful 
terror.  I  need  not  inform  your  Kxcellency,  liow  1  have  hiiifjuisheil 
in  so  loiif;  ii  separation  from  you,  and  how  anxious  1  am  to  uksuhj 
you,  iu  person,  of  tho  veneration  an  I  allachnien*  of  your  faithful  aid, 

•  .loIlN  laciiKNs." 


■MtMtfc*. '  .<WrT.ft-J  -i 


K.rt 


TUr  roniT-MAHTIAI.. 


J  ' 


i 


Siicli  WfiT  llic  relations  hctwocn  Arnold  ami  Wiisliinir- 
ton,  lli;it  it  WHS  only  lo  ask  ami  have;  lie  tlicivt'or.'  ail- 
(IivssihI  liiiu-eil'  at  oniv  to  olituin  tii"  coinniaiid  of  that 

post. 

lie  liad  ii|)  to  this  time  pleaded  the  stale  ol*  hw  wounds, 
ill   jiistilieatioii  uf  his  loiiLt  l"iirloii,i.di  from  aelive  >eni(r. 
H..'ii,)\v  suddenly  represented  himself  ready  ami  solieiti.iis 
to  resume  military  duty.      \Vashin<;toii,  from  certain  in- 
diealious,  antieipaiin.i,'  ii  slirrinjr  eampaifin.   intended  to 
pivc  him  command  of  the  h'fl  winy  of  the  army,  hoi.iuf,' 
lu-  would  here  find  an  ojiportunity  lo  retrieve  his  popularity 
by  some  hrilliant  stroke.     Arnold  at  lirst  maneuvred  in- 
directly throiiuh  Schuyler  and   Livin^'ston  lo  obtain  the 
coveted  command,  but  \Vashin<;ton   cstetMiied   the  post  he 
had  asdi<jned  him,  so  important  ami  honorahle,  that  he 
declined  to  act  upon  their  8U,u;irestions,    Meantime  Arnold 
arrived  at  head'iuarters,  and  leariiiujn;  from  (ienoral  'ril^ili- 
man  of  his  appoint ment  to  the  left  wing,  his  counteminee 
fell.     He  seemed  embarrassed  and  ill  ut  ease.     He  soupht 
the  c(mimaiider-in-chief  and  repre.-eiitod  to  him  that  his 
wounds  still  disabled  him  from  Held  service,  and  that  at 
West   Pt»inl   only,  could  ho  do  himself  justice  and  hid 
oountrv  service. 

Washington  was  ]mzzled.  He  could  not  comprehend 
how  a  man  of  Arnold's  temiwrament  and  eutliii>iaMn, 
should  decline  a  post  tliat  oiVered  active  service  and  rare 
opportunity  for  his  .special  abilities,  and  ask  for  one  of 
cpiiet  garrison  duty,  with   no  prospect  of  enterprise  or 

glorv. 

^ot  a  shadow  of  suspicion,  however,  seems  to  have 
crossed  his  mind,  and  being  convinced  that  Arnold  really 
desired  it,  he  made  out  his  instructions  August  'M\,  ITSO. 
and  Arnoltl  immediately  assumed  commaml  at  West  I'oini. 
This  included  all  the  fortilications  in  the  Highlands. 

•'Four  years  before,  Washington  had  sailed  i>etwecn 
th.'  lliulikmds  where  nature  Mends  iiiouutaiiis  ami  \alleys. 


I 


111(1  WiisliiiiiT- 
llicrcritrf  ;i(l- 
liiiiid  (>r  lliiit 

if  Iii-:  woiiiid:', 
ictivi'  -ri'\  ice. 
iintl  solicitous 
n  (rrtuiii  in- 
iiitt'ii(U'il  to 
aiiiiy,  iiopiii;; 
Ills  {lojmlaiity 
laiu'uvrcd  in- 
to ohUiiii  tilt' 
lI  the  post  ho 
nililo,  tliiii  iio 
ntiint'  Arnold 
it'iK'i'al  'rilj:li- 
s  countcniuict; 
}.  He  soiifriii- 
hiin  tiiut  Ids 
C  ami  that  at 
istic'C  and  his 

t  C'oniprc'luiul 
il  ftitliii.-iii.'-in. 
rvi(!C'  and  rafo 
sk  for  0110  of 
fiitorin-isc  or 

ocms  to  liavo 
;  Arnold  really 
prnst  ;5d,  1:K(). 
at  West  1 'oil  11. 
i,:;lilands, 
-ailt'd  iu'twccii 
ins  and  \allrv«. 


Tin;  ( <»l'KT-MAl^Tl.\^.. 


t.■)7 


u 


( 


and  llio  deep  rlvcr  in  tvcttdinir  luaiity ;  and  lie  hud 
sclccliil  for  rortilitiilion  tin'  points  Ik'sI  adapud  to  com- 
mand till'  passapo.  Now  it  was  covered  with  fortressi's 
and  artillery.  l''ort  Dcliaiiee  alone  was  dereiidiil  liy  a 
hundred  and  twenty  pieces  of  eannoii.  and  was  helieved 
to  lie  impre;:nalili'.  Ilere  wore  mapizines  of  powder  and 
iimmnnition.  complelely  lilled,  for  the  use  not  only  of  that 
post,  hilt  of  the  whole  army.  These  fort itieal ions  si'eiii- 
iiiirly  reprexnted  a  vast  outlay  of  money.  Willi  ju-odi- 
;:ioiis  lalior,  Imtre  truiiUs  of  trees,  and  enormous  hewn 
f^toiies  weiv  piled  upon  steep  rocks. 

'•All  this  had  heeii  done  without  cost  to  the  state,  hy 
the  hands  of  American  soldiers  who  were  pervaded  by  ii 
.«pirit  us  enthusiastic  and  as  deterniined  as  that  of  the 
hravcst  and  most  cultivated  of  their  leaders.  'I'liese  works, 
of  which  every  stone  was  a  monnnu'iit  of  hiimliie  disin- 
terested patriotism,  were  to  he  hetrayed  to  the  enemy,  with 
all  their  frarrisons,"' ♦ 

Clinton  caii-rht  eagerly  at  the  prospect  of  so  magnificent 
a  prize  as  West  Point,  with  its  (.i)iilent  military  magazines, 
cannon,  garrisons,  vessels,  boats,  and  stoi'es.  TIu'  home 
ministry  as  eagerly  supported  him.  direcling  him  to  iueiir 
any  expense  within  reason,  for  the  suecessfnl  issue  of  the 
gigantic  scheme. 

*  Baui-roft,  Vol.  X. 


MMito 


l 


XVII.— 17N(>. 
TRKASOX. 

"  lli'iiu'  rt'liiii'H,  iiHifi  yri:ci(iii-,  mill  ficr  friiiii  ull  lunlrMiiu 


IIaMI  KT. 


AM)  nnw.  till'  trc.i<(iii  li;i\iii;,'  liiK.  ii  .<Iiii|h',  ArunM 
.  ilirw  ucrti.-"'  its  "  liliii'ktK'SM  (if  (liirkiicss,"  a  liin' nl" 
Miililiii  luiliimce; — lii:iis;'lf  sclcctt'il  the  cn-lly  victim  In 
mlnrii  tlic  odious  trairi'ily  al)out  to  lie  i  luictcil.  lie  dc- 
iiiamkMl  that  Aiidiv,  tlif  ^'raci'  and  idol  nl'  Cliiitoii's  armv, 
wlioin  Sir  irciirv  loved  as  liis  own  .-oii, -lioidd  lio  i-i'Mt  to 
I'oiHiinniialc  till'  I'oul  trcailirn.— Aiidri'.  u  liosi' name  I'or 
all  Uniirlitly  virtues  and  aeeoniplisliniints.  mi;,dil  lia\o 
j,'(tne  down  the  a^'es  linked  with  that  of  Sir  IMiilip  Sidney, 
had  he,  like  him,  (/iren  his  life  in  the  cause  ol'  Iiuumm 
lihcrty.  IJut  alack!  he  could  ur^c  nothin;,'  1ml '-an 
honest  zeal  in  the  .service  of  his  kin,L^'"*  mid  the  success- 
fiil  issiu' of  the  aUiiii- was  to  hrin;;  him  rank  and  emolii- 
nient.  Without  duplicity,  or  even  ordinary  cautii-n, 
Andro  was  the  last  man  to  he  sent  ujion  such  an  eirand, 
und  it  is  certain  tliai  he  ilid  nol  seek  the  service. 

Clinton  had  dispatched  him  upon  hisdanjrerons  mission 
with  three  distinct  diarizes:  luit  to  pass  within  the 
American  lines:  not  to  chan<]^c  his  dn -s,  and  upon  no 
account  to  lake  jtapers.  Arnold  compelled  iiim  to  all 
three. 

The  British  ship  "  ViiUuro"  had  lueii  sent  up  the  Hud- 
son and  anchored  off  Tollers  Poi'it.  lo  facilitate  the  affair. 

*  Letters  to  Geiiereil  WaK/iinjf  ,-  niul  Sir  II,  iivi/  Ciiiit'm. 


fj 


H. 


IIami.kt. 

ii|M'.  Ariii'M 
;.«*,"  a  liiii'  I'f 
V    \i('tiiM    III 

I'f.l.       \\,'i\v- 

intdii's  iinny, 

1(1     1)0   !-l'llt     t.t 

(pfii-  iiiiiiu'  fur 
iiii^rlii  liiivo 
liiliji  Sidney, 
si'  (if  juini.in 
ii;;   hut  '•  an 

tilO   SlIl'CC'SS- 

aiid  ciiiolu- 
iry    caulii'ii, 
■h  an  rrnuul, 
!(-•(.'. 
Tons  mission 

williin  tliu 
nd  upon  no 
.    him    to  all 

up  the  Ilnd- 
dc  the  atrair. 

I  Ciiiitun. 


I 


•ii(i;.\MiN. 


i.Mt 


|)>)li!»'s  Imti-v  had  lucn  lirst  (l.^ijriiah'd  as  the  place  of  meet- 
in;,'.  Aiidivai'!ivin;,'tlirr('and  liiidin;,'noim's-a;,".'orniis>(  n- 
pT  ficiin  Arnold,  afU'i'wardsiistrndi'd  the  river  and  n  iielnd 
ihe  '*Vulture"at,  T  o'clock  on  the  evenin;,'nf  Si  ptcniKer  •.Ml, 

lie  confidently  expeeled  In  meet  Ariinld  tin  ri'  the  same 
ni;:;lif,  "aenurdin;^  In  the  tenor  of  hi-  litler"  ;  hnt  that 
eoward-vill  in  had  no  inieiitioii  of  coining  on  hoard  the 
••  Vnltni'e."  fie  had  re.-olved  that  Amhv  an.d  iiol  he, 
^lionld  take  the  ri>k,s  of  the  ini'etili.ir. 

Andiv  waited  aii\io!i-Iy  throii;;h  tlie  ni;,dit.  and  in  the 
moriiiii.Lt  dispatelied  a  leticr  to  Sir  llenr\.  in  rather  de- 
spiindi'iit  tone,  '•  saving.'  llii.(  this  was  the  .-eemid  excur- 
sion he  had  made  williout  any  o-ton-ihlo  rea-<Mi,  and  a 
third  would  infallihly  fix  suspicions,  lie  llioii,-ht  it  hest, 
thererore,  to  stay  where  lu'  was.  under  pretence  ol"  sick- 
ness, iind  try  further  expedienlH."  An  opportunity  oe- 
cnrred  Ihe  ne.\t  da,\  to  send  a  lelier  ashore  inider  llajr.  It 
reached  Arnold  safely,  and  lie  now  addressed  himself  to 
arranp;e  for  lirinxiii.Lj  Andre  on  shore. 

Arnold  had  no  aeeninplieu — he  Itore  llie  whole  hurden 
of  infamy  alone — hut  he  had  mana,Lred  to  win  to  sundry 
nefarious  transactions,  a  man  named  .losiiui,  Smith.  See- 
in;;  his  snseeptihility  as  a  tool.  Arnold  had  flattered  him 
with  civilities,  invited  him  to  liea(l(piartcrs,  etc.  Smith 
.serveil  him,   ind  a-ked  no  (piestions. 

The  diilieulty  was  to  ;j;et  two  hoatnien  willin.ij:  to  {,'0 
with  Smith  at  nudni.i-ht,  with  muilled  oars,  to  the  '•  Vul- 
ture." Two  hrothers  mimed  Cohpihoun  were  selected, 
l)ut.  they  stoutly  refused,  savin;,'  they  would  willinirly  ^o 
hy  dayli.ijht  under  ila.ir,  luit  declined  ihe  ni.yht  service. 
.\rnold  argued  with  them  that  the  moi'nin;^:  wnuM  he  too 
lati. — there  was  a  ;,'entlein;in  oi\  hoard  w  lioin  he  must  see 
immediately  upon  husiness  of  lii;j;hest  iiniioitance  to  the 
luihlie  interest,  and  they  were  \w  patriots  if  tlu'y  refused 
their  services.  They  still  drew  hack,  l-'urther  ajipeals  to 
their  patriotism  failed  :  the  men  were  ohdiirate. 


ti 


li;i) 


"<■•■ 


lUr.ANON. 


AriK.M.  lit  l;i>l,  tliiviihiUMl  (.»  put  (liom  niidrr  urrcxl.  iih 
ilisatrnitd  In  their  fniiiitnV  caiiM'.  'I'licy  linn  cun.-iiilcil 
to  ill)'!/  his  iirilns.  Ill'  prnmi.-^til  iIk'Iii  lil'ly  imhiiiiI- <»I' 
Hull r  a'-'  iiii  ciicuiiiaj.'cmciil.  wliirli,  it  is  uliun-l  lU'iillt-M  t«» 
adil,  tliry  never  reeeived. 

At  mi"iliii!.dil  "I*  the  'iU\  ii  1-nal  with  limited  oar-'  ap- 
pnuK  lied  the  ••  Viiililiv."  and  a  letter  Hi^'iiilied  t..  Aiidiv 
(lull  he  wiiH  i'X|ieeli'd  to  ctniie  ii.-hore.  It  iliii-liates  Aii- 
drt'',i  ehufiieter.  that  lie  at  ciiee  iiivpare*!  t(»  eoiiii>ly  with 
(hi'  MiiiiiiitMi-,  with  no  Mciirily  i'or  his  nai'ety  hut  "the 
word  of  a  man  u  ho  wiw  ,>-eekiiij,'  to  betray  his  eoiintrv." 


l{eiiiissiie,-s  "  euiild  ^u  im 


I'lirllier. 


lie  was  stron^ity  ilisMiaded  IVuin  .«o  doiii;;  ;  Imt  sneli  was 
his  ea^'oniess  to  act'oiiiiili.'«h  the  ulijeet,  that  he  seemed 
indillVreiit  to  the  risks  (»f  sii.li  a  step. 

He  wore  his  uniform,  Iml  over  it  ii  hlue  overcoat,  wliieli 
concealeil  iill.     lie   entered   tlio    boat,  and    the   oar-ineii 

rowed,  a  silent  party,  to  the  shore,  called  I ir  ('i"V". ''ii 

the  we- tern  hank  of  the  river,  iiliont  six  miles  below  Stony 

I'uinl. 

It  was  the  orcciso  jmiut  that  Arnold  had  dosi;rnated,and, 
in  a  few  moineiits  after  the  brat  loii.'i"d  the  river  side, 
Smith  and  Andre  jrropcd  their  way  up  the  bank  tiirouLrli 
the  darkness  and  found  the  traitor  nmcoaled  in  a  eliimp 
of  thick  l)iishcs.  Smith  returned  to  the  boa.  at  Arnold's 
voqiiost,  but  full  of  vexation  and  disgust,  as  he  expected 
to  be  i)rescnt  ;ii  the  interview,  after  the  trouble  it  had  cost 
him  to  l)ring  ilio  parties  together. 

Some  hours  i)assed.  The  honest  oarsmen  slept  heavily, 
but  a  troubled  ciuiseience  kejit  Smilii  iiupasy  and  wake- 
ful. With  the  first  streak  of  dawn  he  ai>proached  and 
adnnmished  Arnold  that  the  boat  must  h'avc  its  jiresent 
statittn  before  day. 

Ihit  the  ntfair  was  yet  far  from  conchided.  Ariudd 
jravo  consent  for  the  boat  to  return  up  the  river,  and  he, 
with    Andre,   mounted    horses  which  bad  been  provided 


1 


ll'll   ClllL-l'lllfll 

fly  |Miiiii(l«  oi" 

-l  licrdli'-M  to 
lllnl   iiiirs  il|i- 

iiil  III  A  ml  IV 
lii-liiitr-<  An- 
I  I'liiiiply  Willi 
cty  liiit  "  tlif 
Ills  c'oiiiitn." 

lull    Sllcll   WHS 

III,   111.'  srt'iiK'tl 

■('renal,  which 
Ihc   niir-i'uii 

idlll,'  ClnV".  'Ill 

'8  hi'iow  Sluiiy 

'si;rnatc(l,  iiiul, 
Ihc  river  side, 
hank  thitniLrh 
cil  ill  a  cliiiii|) 
lai  at  Aninld's 
as  he  ex|ieetc(l 
iblc  it  had  cost 

1  slept  heavily, 
iisy  and  wake- 
[>l)r( inched  and 
ivc  its  ])resont 

uded.  Arnold 
river,  and  he, 
been  provided 


I 


Tltli.VHUN. 


hil 


i 


and  rude  Koveral  inilc-i  to  SniithV  Unwao.  ••It  wa^  .-till 
dark,  and  the  voiceul'  ihe  (niiiicl.deiiialidiiij^tho  eninilei'- 
i*iL:ii.  \Mis  the  lli>l  iiiliiiiati"n  to  Andre  thai  he  wa-  v\  illilii 
the  Anierieiiii  liiie-i,  "  "  .Mardiail  al-«>,-,i\s.  that  Andre  iiad 
|ii'reiii|it"rily  refii-ed  III  lM(airiid  wiihin  the  Aiiericiii 
liluM  ;  hill  the  pioiiii«c  made  him  !•>  AiiiuM.  !'•  iv-inci 
tilt''  iihj.'ctiiiii,  vui-  iM'l  iiliMrved.  Aiiiire  wa-i  >lartli'd, 
and  iMrl'eetIv  realized  tli"  peril  of  hi-  >iliiatinii.     It   was 

1(111  late,  |iov\c\cr.  c\(cpt  to  !icr\e  hilllMll'  In  IllccI  the 
exi;,'elicy  linw  iipnii  hiin, 

Their  cuiiMilialicii-  were  risimi<d  iipnii  arrivin;,'  at, 
Siuilh's  hniiH'.  Shurily  al'li  r  dayli;:lil.  tleir  ntlrinion 
\va.<*  altraeted  hy  the  ,«uiiiid  nl'  a  eaniKHia'Ic.  iiiel  Andre 
saw  fiMiii  his  windows,  with  iiiixitiii-  heart,  the  '•  Vnlliire" 
hoist  anchor  and  drnp  down  the  river  out  of  raii,L:e  oi'  the 
(.hot  I'roni  an  Aniericiiii  eanimn  at  Verplaiick"^  I'niiit. 

j'.erore  nniiil  of  Seplilnlier  •»-.'d.  the  plot,  with  all  itH 
ciiidilions  and  details,  wa-  consuininated  and  ready  for 
cNcciilinn.  The  da\  was  li\ed.  Miieli  of  the.e  detail!* 
has  never  seen  the  liuiit.  ll  i-^  not  known  for  how  many 
pieces  of  ^^ilver  Arnold  ii;:retd  to  sell  hi<  country.  Ihit, 
as  avarice  was  his  .-i 'iiinlatin^'  motive,  and  the  prize  was 
of  priceless  value  to  the  pnivha-er,  llx'  sniii  demanded 
hy  Arnold  ii/ioii  fhr  simr.'^sfiil  is.siic  «/ l/ir  jtlo/,\nn^\  liavo 
been  I'ahiiloiis. 

Till)  hiisiness  eonelitded.  Andre's  concern  now  was  a 
(sal'e  and  speedy  return  to  '.he  '•  Viilliire."  lie  iiisi-ted 
that  he  slionld  he  put  on  hoard  of  the  "Vulture."  Ar- 
nold pretended  to  as.seiit,  lull  al  the  same  time  sujjffresteil 
many  ohjoclioiis  to  it.  and  advi.-^ed  the  ivtnrn  liy  land  as 
much  safer.  Andre  adhered  to  his  determination  to  re- 
turn as  he  came.     This  could  not  lie  accomplished  iiniil 

ni^dilfall. 

ill  -Vndre's  own  account  of  his  captiiie.  he  says  :  "Aninld 
(piilted  me,  having'  himself  made  me  pnt,  the  papers  I 
*  Sparku' Life  of  Arnold. 


Is 

I' 


109 


TUK.\-OS. 


ii 


Wt'Jidwwn  iii\  >lni'kiH>r*  tllitl  fwU  WhiUt  hv  i\n\  i», 
he  i'\|inf,<i'il  It  \vi«''  in  <  !•»•  "f  "•»>  iiicMltiii  !«  t'lltiii;:  m\ 
that  ilicy  ^li.  wi.l  In-  .IrMn.Vr.l ;  wlii<li  I  Mii-I  nf  i.rtii'M' 
w.itiM  1k'  III.-  <ii-r.  ;i^  »U>ii  I  \wiii  iiiN.  111.'  iM'iit  I  MinitM 

h.;M'    llh'tH    (i''i    illi.Pllt   Willi    a    Mrill; mill  il  I't'-tlt'.       H-'TnlV 

wo  |iiii'|.'i|. -^oiiH' mt'iiH"ii  liii'l  ''f'"  '"•"''■  "^  my  .r.i-Kiiiif 
Ifit' rhtf  atnl  pMii'.'anotlit'i' nunc  ;  l.ni  I  olij.rtnl  iimmIi 
tn  II.  an. I  lli..ii;:lil  ii  y\a*  n'UM,  tliai  in  tlir  «av  I  nnii.', 
I  ua>  In  n  tarn." 

Ann. 1. 1  1.  II  .\inlri'  iiIh.iiI  .'l.v.t.  i.'.I.m  Ii  in  ih.'  iimniiiijf. 
till.  r.Ml  lii,  \m-'^y'  aial  ».iil  up  •'"•  •■'^«'>"  •"  '''■*  l"""'"!"'"'' 
tiT.^.  ll  wa.M  jn^l  laiv  lliai  llif  ;.".•!.'*  -mk.Ii'  liilii  I'Hn.l.  aial 
hi-  call.!  II..I  .-IV  llial  lii.H  own  .-alVly  aial  lliul  of  tli.'  wlioK' 
ultuii' WUH  wraiMMil  up  in  lln-  |.»in<ni«l  sU'i'ty  uial  »i»*iii<(l 
jvtnrn  .»!'  An  liv  |.r  N<w  V'.rk. 

'I'la' I'Miviiii' ••uiiti.Mi  ami  .-<Kill  wlii.li  lia.l  rliar.i.t.  vizril 
tiiiii  ill  llif  tiiiiiv  coiKJiicI  of  III''  livailary  n|.  I"  llii-i 
p„iiil.  m'iiiumI  Mi.l.lcniy  I..  tl-.Ti  liini.  'I'Ih'  iin|."rianl 
do.anniils  pliUiMl  l.y  iiim  in  Aniliv",s  >I.Hkiii;r'«  wnv  in 
Ainold'H  muri-;.'nisiil  liainlwriliiitr.  anil  I'lnloiscil  l»y  liiiii. 
lluviiij:,  iH  lit'  llitMi;rlil.  Mi'i'iiml  iiis  own  |Krsonal  sa'dy, 
lie.  wiTi  a  Miiai  in-tiisil.ility.  Miit  Aiiiln''  to  liis  doom. 

Tlii.-i  view  of  Arnold'^  Iriai  Ini'V  to  Amliv  in  cn.-taincd 
l)V  Aiidri'V  own  ,-tal.  nitiilM  in  lii.><  lottors  to  \ViiHliiii_'lon 
aiid  to  Si"  lii'iiry  ('li'"'Mi.  To  Wa-hinu'toii  la'  wiot.".  *  *  * 
'•  I  caiiK'  ap  in  tlu'  '  V  allnri' '  niaii-of-war.  and  wa<  Iriclifd 
from  tho  ship  lo  llic  I'.ai'li.  I^in;;  liciv.  I  was  lojd  thai 
till'  ijpiinnu'li  oi"  day  w.r.ild  piwiiil.  my  ivlnr.i.  and  ihal  I 
must  iu'  coiKralcd  until  llu'  next  ni^'lit.  1  was  in  my 
r.'j.'iin.'iitais  and  lia.l  fairly  risk.'d  my  pi-rson.  Apiinst  my 
sti'^ailalii.ns  my  int.'nti<m,-.  ami  wilhout  my  knowK'd,iro 
li.'foivliand.  I  was  conduct.' I  williiii  one  of  ymir  p'.st.s. 
Your  CM, llcncy  may  conceive  my  scn-^ali. Ml  on  tliisocca- 
.sion.  au.l  will  iina/mc  how  much  nior.'  mii4  I  litivc  hccii 
ulTcctcd,  hy  a  rcl'ii.- 1!  '.»  reconduct  mo  back  the  next  night 
as  I  had  hecn  brought. 


I 


T 


Tm'AKtijf. 


I  hi 


«t  III'  tlii!  it, 
H  t'.iliiii;:  III"', 
ill  of  nHii'M' 
dill  I  clh'ltM 
iitM'.       Ili'l'tifi' 

mv  ( rn'ciiiu' 

iji'Ctcd  llllM'll 
WIIV    I   CiHllr, 

he  iiiiil'liilljir. 
li.-i  !ii;Ml<|ii;ir- 
tii  liliihl,  ilinl 
of  till'  wliolo 

ami  ti»»iti'('il 
ilMi'iH'ti'rizi'd 

V    ll|l    t'>    llli"* 

It'  iiii|)<>riiiMl 
in;:-*  wnv  ill 

il'scti    l>v  liilll. 

I 

rsiiiiiil  suft'ly, 
Iii.s  iltioin. 
'  !•«  Hii.-liiinctl 
i  WiisliiiiiriiMi 

!•  Wl'iitr:  *  *  * 

(I  \vii"<  rtU'lit'd 
WiiH  told  thill 
'ii.  iinil  dial  I 
1  Win  in  iii> 
,  Apiinst  my 
ly  kiuiwIi'tlLTt' 
f  vdiir  |M(st,s. 
on  tliis  oc(':i- 
t  I  iiavc  liciii 
lie  next  aiglit 


••'I'liii'i  liiioiuptt  pri"!!!!' r,l  liiiil  iiM.»i»nrt  my  ••n'.ijM'. 
I  i(iiiliri|  my  niiiroriii  iiml  wii"  |»ii  miI  iinoilii-i' «iiy  in  »lii« 
iiiyht.  Hiilioijl  111.'  AiiH'iu  nil  |'"-i,*.  to  iMiiinil  j.'r'.iiii.!.  ninl 
ii)f"ini.«l  I  u  ,-  l.tNMinl  nil  nihil  tl  |Mrlli-.  mid  l.ri  In  |)i'i'i»# 
lof  N.  w  V"»ik.  'i'lnf.  ii«i  I  li.ivr  till'  lifimi'  lo  ivlnti',  wiih 
i  hi'h'tninl  ililo  llif  ulf  roiiiliiinii  ol  nil  .  ii'  lii.s  in  di"*;j;ilii»u 
witliiii  voiii'  iHut-*" 

'I'u  ^i^  Ilriiry  ('liiii'iii  In- vM-oir:  '•■'**  "'I'li.' in.  nH  i.|" 
{■oiiiiiiu'  williin'lln'  «ii.  iiiyV  jioM*  iind  oi  ( liuiiiL'iliK  »nv 
llfl«iW,  wlilcli  I'd  I"  my  |iiT>i|it  i*iliinlioii,  w.-n- fuiifniry  to 
!iiy  own  iiihiiiiuiH.  \\y  tlii'y  wciT  to  _\Miii'  oi'iUi'i;  iiiid  llu' 
I'iriiiitoiii  roiii.'  ssliicli  I  look  to  iTiiuii,  wii-<  /hz/c-W  willi- 
uHt  ull>riiniiv.'  n|inii  nii'," 
lliil  lo  coniiiiuc  : 

rpiMi  liuviii'.'  AiidK'.  AriioM  wmii'  iind  j.mv.-  lo  Smilli 
two  |iii.'*'iioi'h.  out'  iintlinriziinj  liiiii  tojro  l>y  wiiltf  niid  iIk' 
otii.r  by  laiiil.  A  lliird  |ia-.-^|iori  nin:  ••  iVrniil  Mr.  dolm 
Aiidii -on  (Andn'-'i  ii-^niiiid  iiiiim)  to  |iii-^  tlic  ;.niiii.h  lo 
111.' Wliiir  INniii".  or  lM'low."tl.'.  'I'lii.^  \\\*\  wim  llir  om- 
wliicll  lu'  |in'Ht'iil''d  to  lii-«  lluct'  tii|>lor!<. 

Aiidiv  wniricd  tliioii;.di  nii  aiiMoiis  dii\ .  mid  al  Miiidown 
lif.aiiii'  iinimiii'iil  to  M't  oil".  Wluil  wcrr  lii-*  I'li'lin;:-  u|Mm 
Irarniii',' fVmn  Smilli  Hint  li.'  Iind  mndc  no  nnnii.'.'i'niciilH 
Tor  r.iiifiiiiiL'  to  llic  "  N'lillnn  ."  and  llml  In'  had  no  inh-ii- 
liim  «»f  so  doiiij.'.  All  Andn'V  <iitr.nlif.s  w.iv  willioiit 
avail,  and  iiolliiiiu'  ivninii.id  hnt  to  -iiiunit  to  iIr'  liard 
iK't'fitd'.v  of  lii>(  .Mlnation  mid  take  lIu"  land  nniti'. 

Arnold  had  iiniiro-cd  iiiion  him  tin.' al'soliitc  nrccs^ily 
-d'  <han;rin^'  hi-<  *\\''^'''^'  i"  •'^'ii'  •»''  ivliirniiif,'  hy  Innd. 
Smith  tlicivfoiv  fnrnishiil  him  a  fit  iziii's  coat,  and  hin 
niililarv  coal  was  l(  I't  hrhind.  Arindil  had  even  lulli'd 
Smith's  >nsi.iiiou-i  nlioiit  liu'  r.riti^ii  nnirorm,  hy  n'-irc- 
si'iitin^'  to  liiin.  that  it  was  th.'  jirid.'  mid  vanity  ol" 
"  Aiidi'rsoii."' who  wislh'd  to  make  a  liirnrc  as  a  innii  of 
(•ons.'i|ii<'nt'i'.  and  hail  Itorruwcd  a  mat  from  u  military 
auijliaiiiluuce. 


11^  TUK\^<»N. 

Siiiiifi  iin.tiiHHiii5..t  Ilim  lottlitihi  n  ^hnpt  tll«tnnm  of 
Uliit.'  I'lttiux.  II'  ili'ii  I'l't  him  uimI  I'.iiiiii.'-I  t'l  I  ('Hit 
loAiiittM.  Mury  hcImm»|.Im»v  Kimiwk  iIu- ri'Mj  Imw  AiuliV' 
iiflir  itiixMii;;!!!!  llif  Arm  riniii  liihi*.  llifoii^'li  llii"limi:i  i.im 
iMiiti'iil  ;rr>'iitiil,  liml  uliiHict  iviiiliiil  III''  lli>l  lliiiuli  |M.«i, 
wli'ii  ilii'«''  |Miiif,  titfi  iii'i',  liiii  iiii'tirnnitilili' |»uii'iHt».  -J<iliii 
Piiiiltliiijr.  PiiNt'l  NVilliiim?<,  mill  l«.»ur  Vim  NVii-i— tlniv. 
I.y   Ihf   ritiiiiiil  ilicni'.  (tmrpit  frmii  du'  wti\>ti<li-  timt 

lllll<'il  ill''  llUltil-otll  '  Iiiir-«i  tUilll  Id  liult. 

A  ili"r<.ii;(li  Hiiri'h  Itrmijrlit  nil  U>  Uulit.  An«lr»''n  ritli 
(pITi'In  III'  hi"*  liiirii',  lii^  liMi'^i'.  Iii'*  uiilrii.  Willi  fnrilii'T 
jTwiiril-i  iiihI  liitiiiirH  ri'i.iu  tin- Hriti-li  i<'niihtihili  r  nl  Ntw 
Yi»rk.  fiiili  «l  III  ii)n'U|il  liin  niiitor". 

"TlilM  in  the  MTV  limmi  111  wli'ii  niic  of  llic  imcl  «1^- 
tiii'iiii'lii'ili'Iiii'r'<"l'  III''  Am.  riniii  miiiv— a  maiu'tlil'mtfil 
Ilii'iMi-lnMil  tlif  wiiilil  I'm'  lii-*  lnilliaiit  (■\|.|nilii--lK'lriiyi'tl, 
out  of  u  Imw  vfiiucaiict'.  Uio  «'oimtry  In-  IiimI  m  rvnl.  ami 
Hilil  il  fur  a  |iiir-i'  nf  p>M.  tliivc  cnmmim  fi.l'liiT'*  \>\v- 
r.Trcil  III.'  li'Hii'Ml   III  till'  iH.t'iil.  ami  rhltliiy  to  r.iriiiiic.'"* 

hi'im;.'lil  to  liial,  Amlri-  iii-fscrvnl  a  muni  mild*'  ami 
(lij,'iiili.'tl  .l.iMii'timiil,  "III'  aiisw.ivil  .'viry  i(m'>tiiiii 
jii'niiipily.  ili^iKM  Ti'tl  m»  ('iiiliarnix>iit.  III.  m»ii;.1iI  iu.  di-- 
piiHi'.  .-I'atcil  Willi  fraiikm'-'M  iiiid  tnitli  fM-ryiliitt;,'  ilial 
nlaU'il  to  himM'll',  ami  ih-'iI  m.  wi.nis  In  ix|ilaiii.  imIIuiN' 
or  ill  r.'ml  any  |mrl  of  his  coihIik  I."  Hi-*  kni-hlly  mhiii 
nf  a  lie  (om|ii'lli'il  llu' tni^'ic  MTtlii'l  uhicli  ill.' com't  |in- 
iiomicfil  ami  I'Xt'ciili'il.  At  lilri  ili-ath.  Hm-  lamciilatiniit 
of  his  cmiiiii's  miiiiili'il  with  Hh'  wail  of  his  tViiiuls. 

Yil  Hamion  w.^ll  ^ays :  "His  kiiij,'  did  ri^ht  in  olTcr- 
in^  h.moniMi'  rank  to  iiis  hmlhi  r.  ami  in  {.'isin^'  pensions 
to  his  mntlK'raml  ^i>iirs;  Iml  not  in  raisii:^'  a  miiiiorial 
to  his  nariK'  in  Wi'slminstcr  Ahlicy— smli  liotiof  iH'Iniijrs 
1(.  i.lhir  (nti'i'iirist's  and  otlivr  di'ttls.  The  laldi  t  lia<  in 
tU  plati-  in  a  samtnary.  diar.  I'lotn  lis  nionumonts,  to 
every  fri.'iid  of  j;('iiiiis  and  mankind." 

'  JSf'tt'i'n  Aiiaiii''iii  Hi lytliiliuii. 


1 


•.|    In  !■  |M(ll 

\\i>\\  Aiiiiit' 

M'  'l.lllUtl''lM 
lllttMll  |H>nl, 

iVifl  — till  rr, 
uiiNMiilf  timl 

Ainli»''.'<  rii  li 
>\illi  fiirlhi'T 
mlt  r  ill  Nivv 

lie  iiiii-l  t|i" 
III  {'('li'lMlltl'il 

lri~lK'lravi<il, 
I  fxTxril,  ami 

.<*i»l'lil'l''<    |I1V- 

(I  rtii'iiiiii'."* 
ii    iiiiltlc  mill 

■I'V     ijlloliiitl 

i;jlil  no  (li— 
ryiliiii^'  tliiit 
ilitili,  |iiilliiit(> 
iii;:lilly  •n.ru 
lie  ciiiii't  pro. 
laiiii'iilalintm 
•iiiiiis. 

i^lit  in  olTcr- 
lillj,'  pi'iisiuiis 
;  n  iiic'iiioriiil 
uliul"  lu'ldliv's 
lalilct   iia-i  III 

lllllllUilt.s,    to 


Will.  -I7.N«».  17>*1. 
AUNOl.hS   SMALL  VII.LAIMKS. 

'•  Tlio  11*11"'  »'  •>»•'  »M«"l  •'»""  '"'  ' 

I'llliVKHI'. 

TIIK  ni|.i"iil.  I  vtii  ill  triiiii',  itMiaw.-  hh.  uimI  iiiMilr' 
till'  |.ir|Mimiiii'  rtiili  11  wrtuiii  ili;riuiv.  Wi-  Iium' 
tluTi'fon'.  Ill*  fur  ii"  p'i'Hililf.  iiliriil^'i'l  tin'  ilfiail-i  of  Ar- 
jiol-l'v-'t'"''  villains,  luvf.  rriii;.'  lu  lain;.' to  tlu'  rronl  iiin 
Miiallir  Milaini.-.  Ili'  lia«  Ikiii  loo  ininli  txtimaU'*!  J»y 
tliU  uiii-  ili'f.l  III'  •iiaini'  ;  loo  iiiiuh  rtjraiiUd  ii-i  u  fill'ii 
tiiiiii,  III-  iliil  ii"i  f^ill.  Hi^  l.iiizni  ini|iiiiU'ii(v  lila/iil 
tint  ill  a  K'tliT  tii;  llnvals  (o  \Va.sliiii;:ioii.  a-i  .mioii  u-i  Iio 
Imil  Vfinhitl  till'  UriiUli  llm-',— it  toutaimil  lliest-  woiiU : 
"I  !«■;;  \v\tM'  ti)  u^-^iiri' V'lif  Ivvii'lli'in  >  llial  I  am  aititalnl 
l»y  llii'  "aim-  priiiripU'  wliiili  lia  i\rr  liirii  liu'  jioMTiiiiij; 
riilc  of  iny  I'limhn'l  in  tlii^  iiiilia|iiiy  content."  llo  fpuko 
liiilri'  iliaii  111'  km-w. 

Culoii.l   lluiiiill ill  a  li'iti'i-  to  \Va-liiiij.'lon  imiiii'.li- 

atily  I'ollouiii;;  till'  liva-oii,  \vrili»« :  ••Tlu'*  man  i,<t  in  ivfi-y 
Kt'iiHU  •li-pirablc.  Ill  aililiiioii  lo  ili.'  kiiiiMTy  ami  proMti- 
tiilioii  iliiiin;:  liiH  (■oiiiMianil  in  riiilailrlpliia,  which  (ho 
lali- -li/airi' of  lii-  paprr^  hat  iinroMi'il,  liu' iii^tmy  of  \m 
.ommaiiil  at  Wi'.-t  I'oiiit.  is  a  lii.-lory  uf  littlo  as  woll  m 
•,'mit  \lllaiiiiis.  Ml'  piaitiml  I'M'iy  tlirly  act  of  pi-cnla- 
titiii.  ami  fvi'ii  stoupi'il  III  ciiniiiclioiiM  with  siillor.s  of  tlii' 
;i;ai'ri,-oii  to  (ii'fraiul  iIh'  pulilic"' 

ImiiU'ilialfly  ii|ii)ii  hi'  captinv.  Ainliv.  imt  ii';.'arilinj,' 
I  hi.'  ca<i'  in  tin'  si  rioii-i  li;iht  it  aftiTwanlK  a-^Mimnl,  and 
far  k'A-'  aiij'.vhiMiliii^'  tin-  fate  wliicli  awaileil  him,  .Hriucil 
(inly  iinxiuiis  to  'n'oviili'  for  ArnolirH  Harrlv. 


il 


100 


AnNOM)'.S   SMAM-   VILLAINIKS. 


'I'lic  l)liiiiilcrin<,'  stupidity  of  tlio  coininiindiiMt  of  tho 
AiiiriiciUi  |Mi^l  to  wliicl'  lie  was  tlrst  taken,  served  liis 
yviiri.iis  iiii|.idse,  for  Andre  indiieed  liini  to  dispateii  a 
jiie-sen-ier  up  the  river  to  ii,fonn  Anidld  tliat<  llie  man 
*•  Anderson"  hail  lieen  captured. 

Arnold  received  the  intelligence  as  he  Mit  at  hrcid-ii'ast 
talile.  Coniprehendin,'^-  the  full  danger  that  ineiuiced  him, 
hu  stayed  no  longer  than  to  give  a  hurried  wor.l  of  lare- 
well  to  his  voui.g  wife,  tint  recently  a  motlur,  an-1  lied  to 
take  refuge' on  hoard  the  '•  Vulture,"  still  lying  unchored 

in  the  stream. 

Kiding  witli  hot  sjieed  to  the  landing,  he  entered  a  hoat 
ami  onlered  the  oarsmi'U  to  push  out  from  the  shore.  Six 
rowers  i)romi)tly  obeyed  tlio command.  Arnold  stimulated 
their  lusty  oar-strokes  Willi  a  pnuni.-o  of  two  gallons  of 
rum  if  they  made  a  (piick  i)assage  to  the  "  Vullure,"  rep- 
resenting ilio  extreme  importance  of  the  imsiness  to  he 
disi)iitched. 

He  ])as.-ed  the  shore  batteries  in  safety,  by  waving  his 
white  handkerchief  as  a  Hag.  and  arriving  on  board  the 
'•Vulture"'  announced  himself  to  Captain  Southerland. 
He  then  .-.  nt  for  the  leader  of  the  boatmen  to  come  into 
the  cabin,  when  he  informed  him  that  lie  and  his  fellow- 
boatmen  were  ])risoiicrs. 

The  man  was  an  intelligent  and  siiirited  fellow  ;  ho 
uoclared  thev  were  no  piisoners,  that  they  had  cc.me  on 
board  nnderVi'otectiimof  ailag,  and  he  turned  to  Caiitain 
Southerland  for  justice  and  honor.  'IMie  British  sailor  felt 
extreme  disgusi  ut  tlie  affair,  and  though  lie  could  not 
countermand  the  order  of  Arn(dd,  he  took  the  boatman's 
l)ur(jlc  and  allowed  him  to  go  ashore  for  clothes  and  money. 
On  their  arrival  at  New  York  the  following  day,  Sir 
Henry  Clintoi',  with  scorn  of  the  mean-H'ss,  nt  once  set 
(henrall  at  liberty.  British  honor  acquired  a  new  lustre 
from  Clinton  at  this  time. 

With  his  heart  full  of  anguish  at  the  impending  fate  of 


AUNOM)'S   HMAM,   V  II.I.AINIKS. 


Iiuif  of  tho 

SiTVCll    liis 

(lisiKitc'li  il 

:t   tiic  man 

Il  l)n'akt'ii.-'t 
•iiiic'id  him, 
•I'd  nf  laiv- 
aiv-1  lit" I  l(. 
g  uii(;lioi'C'd 

I'lvd  a  l)oat 
shore.  Six 
[  stimulated 
1)  uallmis  of 
iltiuv,"  irp- 
siiiL'i.s  to  bo 

f  wavinjf  his 
II  hoard  tho 
ioiitiiorlaiul. 
I()  coino  into 
I  his  fellow- 
fellow  ;  ho 
ad  t'omo  ou 
d  to  t'aiitain 
\A\  sailor  felt 
('  eoiild   not 
le  hoal  man's 
;  and  money. 
wv^  day,  Sir 
,  at  onee  set 
a  new  lustre 

idins;  fate  of 


Andre,  ami  hnmilialicm  at  the  l..l;d  mi.-carria-re  of  so 
maii-nilieent  a  seheme,  il  was  di.-linellv  inliiiialed  lo  Clin- 
ton, from  the  hi-hest  sourees.  thai  iliere  was  one  way.  and 
one  onlv,  lo  save  Andre— that  was.  to  e.xehan^'e  liim  for 
liie  irailor  Arnold,  lie  wrnn-'  his  own  heart  in  re:urii- 
iiiii  the  answer,  that  *■  to  jrive  nj)  a  man  who  had  deserted 
from  the.'iK'my.  and  opeidy  ('..iioiist'd  the  kin^''s  cause,  W'a.s 
sneh  i.  violation  of  honor  and  of  every  military  prineiple, 
that  he  would  not  for  a  moment  enleilain  tla'  iiha,"  An 
unspeakalde  di.-pist  tilled  the  mind  of  every  Ihiti.^li  otlieer 
i.nd  iuau  of  honor,  at  tho  si^ht  of  tiiis  heirayer  of  ins 
eoiintrv,  and  prime  eauso  of  tho  death  of  llie  man  lluy 
idoii/.ed.  Yet  (Tmton  was  eompelled  to  oive  him  tiie 
speeilied  hiifh  rank  in  his  nuijesty's  army,  and  reeeivo 
him  at  his  ndlilary  eoun-vls.  British  otlleers  ••  Inited  to 
servo  with  him,  under  him,  or  over  him." 

Arnohl  made  ha>le  to  ]ireseiil  also  his  elaims  for  indem- 
nity for  loss  ineurred  hy  (omin--  over.  The  sum  de- 
nnimled  was  hetwoen  thirty  and  forty  thousand  dollars. 
It  was  simply  ohiainiii.i!:  money  under  false  preteriees,  h-r 
he  left  hehiu'd  ;H)lhin^'  hut  dehts,  and  his  creditors  w.-ro 
the  onlv  losers. 

To  the  Anu^rieau  cause,  his  defection  was  innuoi\so 
pain,  and  he  speedily  heeame  as  mischievous  and  ]iestilent 
to  British  interests  as  he  had  heen  to  Ameriean. 

Tlu' expectation  that  Arnold  would  have  an  extensive 
f(dlowin<;  of  de.H'Vters,  was  dooi-'od  to  disai)iiointment. 
His  windy  and  amhu'ious  addri'SS(>s  to  the  American  jteople, 
and  to  tho  Anu'rieati  army,  with  the  prolTer  of  Itounties 
of  English  gold,  failed  to  draw  a  single  otlieer  or  private 
from  t"ieir  country's  standards.  A  few  refugees  and  dis- 
ci,)ntented  spirits.'already  in  Now  York,  wore  given  liim 
as  a  nucleus  for  a  regiment,  whieli  was  never  tilled. 

lie  took  all  his  native  impudence  with  him,  and,  net- 
tled hy  his  failure,  ascribed  il  to  the  insullicient  bounty 
ofrerod"  by  Sir  Henry  Clint.  >;  inissing  hy  his  counnander's 


I 


iGd 


AUXOhUS   SMALL    VH.LAIXIKS. 


aiiflidi'ily,  111'  wmk'  Iiiiiisilf  Id  tin'  niiiiUtrv,  iircriii;^  iliiifc 
tlio  Ijuiiiilv  1)1'  iiirriiisi'd.  It  was  (li  1)10,  I'lit.  with  tin- smiio 
ill  siieci'ss.  Till'  mure  iniinralili'  to  tliuM'  jii;  .-t)ii;flil  I'j 
C'orriip;,  as  at  that  tiiiii'  liu' "diitiiu'iital  cnriviicy  was  at 
its  worst. 

Also,  ill  liisli'tliTs  to  till'  jiiinistry,  he  liiul  givally  iiiis- 
rcpresi'iiti'ii  till'  ival  >t!iliis  of  AiiiL'i'ican  alluirs,  stating 
that  th.'  rt'somvi's  of  Coiiyross  wriv  ul tcrly  L'xhauslcd, 
iiotwit'istaiidinj,'  tlu'  lali'  favoralilo  alliaiici'  with  tlio 
J''r('iu'!i  :  that  tlu"  caiiso  was  b('('omiii<!;  more  and  nioru 
uii|io|)iilar  wilii  till'  in'opk',  who  anient ly  di'siivil  a  rccoii- 
ciliatiou  with  Kiiirlaiul,  I'tc.  So  ia,i,'(  r  wiiv  the  iiiiiii>liy 
at  this  tiuic  to  listen  to  any  word  of  hojie,  tiait  they 
greedily  swallowed  the  assurance  of  a  man  wlio  liail  stood 
so  hip;h  in  military  eouneils  from  the  very  he^nniiing  of 
the  war,  and  ]iad  so  emiiieiilly  enjoyed  the  coidideiiee  of 
the  commander-ill-chief.  It  caused  the  ministry  to  relax 
their  elTorts  at  the  very  nionu'iit  when  they  should  have 
renewed  them,  to  the  iiiauiiest  detriment  of  Clinton's 
military  ]>l:;ns. 

It  was,  perhaps,  the  lirst  real  serN.oe  ho  had  jierfornied 
for  his  country.  Fiirtherniore,  his  restive  aniliition  U'd 
him  a^ain  to  pass  the  authority  of  his  commander  (ieiieral 
Clinton,  and  ho  wrote  to  Germain  sul)mitting  a  plan  by 
uhieli  West  Point  might  be  taken  with  ease,  if  not  by  a 
conp-df-inain,  yet  by  a  few  days  regular  attack.  This 
caused  Lord  (Jermain  to  priek  the  sides  of  Clinton's  mili- 
tary intent,  in  a  manner  that  implied  "censure,  cither 
n])on  his  discernment  or  his  enterprise." 

Clinton  returned  fur  answer,  that  the  scheme  was  vis- 
ionary and  impracticable  with  the  present  strength  and 
vigilance  of  theso-recently-nienaccd  jiosts,  and  concluded  : 
"As  to  Major-lieneral  A 'uold's  oi)inion,  I  can  only  say 
that,  wluitevcr  he  may  have  roiiresentcd  to  your  Lordshiji, 
nothing  he  has  yet  comnumicatod  to  me,  has  convinced 
mc  that  the  rebel  jiosts  in  the  Highlands  can  be  reduced 


\ 


aunold's  small  viixainiks. 


tm 


rt  illi  till'  saiiii! 
In.'  M)ii;,Mil  l> 
iriviicy  was  iii. 

il  j,'ivatly  iiiis- 
ill'uirs,  statin;,' 
rly  L'xliaiislcil, 
net'  with  tli(! 
H'c  and  iikh'l' 
j.-iivd  il  iccdu- 
'  tlic  iiiiiiislry 
jK',  tliat  (licy 
who  had  stood 
■  lii'^iiiiiiiiig  of 
coiilidi'iii'o  of 
nistry  to  I'l'lax 
)•  should  havi' 
.  of  C'liiitoii'a 

Kid  ])orforin('d 
aiiihition  U'd 
aiidor  (iciii'ml 
ing  a  phin  by 
■^0.  if  not  hy  a 
attack.  Tiiis 
L'linton's  mili- 
!cnsiire,  I'liiicr 

■heme  was  vis- 
stiviijftli  and 
lul  oonoliide<l  : 
can  only  say 
oar  Lordshi]), 
las  convinced 
an  bo  riMlucoi] 


by  a  'few  days'  iv.milar  attack.'  lint,  if  he  convinces  nio 
now  thai  sue!)  a  ihiiiu'  i.^  practicalilc  (for  to  fail  wotdd  1)0 
death  {■>  our  caii.-^c  in  ihi  in'csciit,  .>.tati'  of  \\\v  war),  Isiiall 
nmst  li!  'ly  lie  induced  to  make  the  alteiiipt.  I  have, 
ther^foi'e.  rei|iiii-ed  tlial  .ucnei'al  olllee,-  lu  send  his  jilan  of 
o|Kraiion  lo  nie  witlioul  lUl.iy,  and  to  follow,  or  aeeoni- 
jiany  il.  himself." 

Il  was  as  visioiiai-y  as  iiad  liet'ii  his  [dan  for  the  eai.tiifo 
of  l^uehee,  liut  tile  prudence  of  Clinton  luvvdiietl  iho 
tli.-a-:rniis  altempt.  Nothiii,^'  more  was  ever  heard  ol"  it, 
a;id  .\ruold  idled  throu-h  the  suniiiier  wiihout  a  com- 
niaml. 

He  had  left  his  military  lame  behind  him.  His  now 
friends  did  not  share  tiie  Amerieaii  cnihu.-iasm  for  lii.s 
i-oldierly  abiiilie.s.  They  had  a  truer  ^au^ze,  and,  csti- 
malin;,'  him  with  remarKable  penetration.  I  hey  appointed 
him  only  to  the  work  of  a  thief  and  a  roMier. 

In  the  winter  of  K.Sl.  they  sent  him  on  a  plundering 
and  burnin,!,'  cNpedition  to  Virginia  [it  was  the  very  time 
that  Daniel  .Moru'sm  was  at  C'owponsJ  ;  but  so  little  did 
Clinton  trust  iiini,  that  lie  s,nt  witii  him  two  ollicers, 
of  ti-ied  ability  and  honor,  with  the  express  command 
tliat  he  was  to  undertake  nothing  without  their  counsel 
ami  consent. 

A  <rale  scatlcrcd  the  llect  at  the  mouth  of  the  Chesa- 
peake, aiid  Arnold,  without  wailing  to  reassemble,  i)ushea 
<.n  up  the  Janus  River  to  Kiehmond.  Here  lie  thought 
to  cheat  his  new  masters,  for '•  he  otlered  lo  spare  Rich- 
mond if  he  mi.ulit  carry  oil'  unmolesU'd  its  vast  stores  of 
(ol)acco";  but  they  rejected  the  proposition  with  scorn, 
and  he  biiriu'd  all.  He  wiis  soon  compelled  lo  retreat,  and 
was  lecalled  to  New  York  by  Clinton.* 

*  It  WHS  lit  tliis  tiimi  tlmt  AnioUl  nttrniptnl  to  ri)n'L'spc;iul  witti 
l.a  Fayi'tM'  liy  iiii},' of  tniiv.  15ut  Lu  Fayette  ri'l'iis-tl  to  rcail  the 
1.  tier  ami  sent  it  back  uiiopcncd.  NVlicn  Cornwallis  cunie  into 
Virginia,  tic  took  tlie   liist  opportunity  to  send  liini  down  to  I'orts- 


\ 


iro 


AKNOI.D'S  SMALL   VM.LAINIKM. 


Olio  moro  nnd  tlic  lust  of  hia  "cxpInil.M. '  His  nivapos  of 
tl.c  .'Iiorcs  <il'  ('i.imccliciit  ;  iiiul.  IVoiii  liis  kiunvlfil^t'  of 
I  lie  locality,  it  is  IhIii'mmI  lliiit  tliu  cxputlition  ori;;iniiti'(l 
with  liiiii. 

It  WHS  in  llic  pildcii  Scjitciiilii'i'  ll.Sl,  wliilc  Vt'iisliiiii,f|(Hi 
iiml  Lii  Fiiyolte  wojv  In'I'oro  Yorktowii.  He  hiirmil  townw 
iiinl  vessels,  inimenso  inii;::aziiies  tif  public  property,  iiml 
Itiilcliernl,  .villi  saviiije  t'erocity,  the  f.'arri,-'oii  wt  I'ort 
(Jrisunld,  af'cr  they  had  surrendered,  ll  is  said  that  "ho 
titoiid  ill  tile  beliVy  of  a  .steeple  and  witiios.<ed  the  eoiilla- 
firatioii,  and  what  adds  to  the  eiiorniity  is,  that  he  stood 
almost  in  sij^dit  of  the  s[)ot  where  he  drew  his  lirst  hrealli ; 
unil  tliiit  nuuiy  of  tlio  tlyiiig  whose  <,'roans  assaileil  his 
cars,  iiiid  of  the  livii:;^  wlio.so  hoii-scs  iind  elfeets  lie  saw 
devoured  'ly  the  lianies,  were  iii.s  early  friends— the  I'rieiid.s 
of  lii.s  father  and  mother — and  that  these  wanton  acts 
\yero  witliout  provocation  on  tlio  part  of  the  sntferers."  * 
Ho  mif^ht  even  have  seen  the  lilile  seliool-hou.-e,  iii'onnd 
which,  in  his  hoyisii  iiiii|tiity,  he  iisid  lo  strew  the  pieces 
of  broken  glas.s  tliat  the  chihlren  mi.ulitcnt  tiieir  IVet  on 
goiiif?  and  returning  from  school.  The  lioy  was  father  of 
the  man. 


"With  the  surrender  of  Corinvallis,  Arnold  found  lii.s 
military  occiipati(>n  gone ;  j^hiinned  by  his  fellow  ollieer.s, 
ho  asked  ]iermi.ssioii  of  Clinton  to  sail  for  England. 
Arriving  there,  he  found  a  deeper  scorn  and  contempt 
awaiting  him.     There  was  only  one  "so  jioor  to  do  him 

iTioutli,  out  of  l>i.^  siglit  nnd  assoriation.  It  was  also  at  ttiis  tinio 
tliat  Arnold  iiskcd  an  Anu'iican  otiiccr  who  had  lici'n  lakrn  iiI'Isoiht, 
wliat  tlicy  wiuiid  do  with  liiin  if  he  should  fd!  iiU'-  their  hands. 
Ho  rcplii'd,  "  We  wouh!  cut  otf  tho  li'/,' wldch  was  woinnird  wlii'o 
yo,  4  foil  slit  in  till)  pauBo  of  libt^rty,  and  bury  it  witli  the  hoiioisor 
wi.r,  and  han?  tlio  rest  of  your  Ixidy  on  the  u:il)l)('t," 
*  SpiivLs' Life  of  ArnobJ. 


■^ 


J 


'   If  is  riivnjjos  of 

S    kll(»\vlfili;t'    of 

Utioii  (iri;;inat('il 

llilc  Vt'usliiii;,f|on 
lo  hiiriud  luwns 
c  propi'i'ty,  and 
irrison  iit:  I'nrt 
i.s  .-aiil  thai  "  lin 

SSCd    IIr'    IMHlllll- 

is,  (liat  1k'  stood 
his  lirst  hrcalii ; 
•Aua  as.>ail(Ml  his 
il  I'lrcc'ts  lie  saw 
lids — the  IViLiida 
L'so  wanton  acta 
tlio  sutrorersi."  * 

l)l-lloU.-l',  iU'olUld 

strew  the  iiiccog 
lit  liu'ir  I'cc't  on 
ly  was  I'athor  of 


•nold  found  liia 
s  fellow  ollieers, 
il  for  England. 
1  mid  eonteiiipt 
jioor  to  do  liim 

IS  also  nt  this  tinio 
ii'cn  lakrii  iii'isoiicr, 
ill!''  tlicir  Imiiils. 
tUM  woiindi'd  wlii'o 
witll  tho  llolliiiW  nf 
■t. " 


AUKOr.D's  SMALI-   VIM, A  INJKS. 


i;i 


roverpiioo."     His  Majesty,  the  'I'iiird  Cleorse,  was  iierforeo 
liis  ''virlld. 

'I'jie  iii\e(live  of  l-ord  Laudei'dah-  resulted  ill  a  duel; 
while  Lord  .Surrey,  risiu,;,'  to  siuaU  one  day  in  the  House 
oi"  Coiiinions,  saw  Ariwdd  enter  the  iMJlery  ;  he  sat  down 
(,uiekly,  iioinlin;^'  to  him  and  exelainiin,^' :  "1  will  not, 
speak  while  that  iiiun  is  in  the  House." 

Atrain  and  airain,  lie  solicited  a  eoinniand  in  the  IJrilish 
Kcrvice.  hut  it  was  not  <:ranted.  All  heohtaiiied  was  aeon- 
tract  for  suiiidyint?  the  Hiitisli  troops  and  pnivisions;  ho 
al'lerwards  received  a  <iift  of  land  in  Canada  for  his  ser- 
vices in  tho  West  indies.  At  St.  Johns,  .New  Urunswiek, 
ho  parried  on  an  extensive  busii>ess,  occupyinj,' two  large 
warehouses.  Uiion  ono  of  tlioso  he  proeiirod  insuraneo 
forahii.^e  a)-:ouiil.  It  soon  al'ter  took  liro  uud  was  en- 
tirely consuiiiea  with  all  it  contained.  His  two  sons,  who 
slept  ill  the  warehouse  escaped,  but  could  give  no  account 
of  tlie  origin  of  the  lire. 

It  was  generally  believed  that  it  had  been  insured  for  an 
amount  far  beyond  the  value  of  the  goods  stored  in  it,  and 
was  set  alire.  Proof,  however,  could  not  be  furnished,  iind 
Arnold  received  the  full  value  of  the  iiiereliandise  insured. 

1\)  illustrate  the  sentiment  of  the  public  in  the  mutter  : 
]\ronson,  Arnold's  partner,  accused  him  of  having  insti- 
galed  the  fire  ;  Arnold  brought  suit  against  him  for  libel, 
and  obtained  a  verdict  of  two-and-sixpouce. 

Fortune  continued  to  desert  him  to  the  last,  until, 
twenty  years  after  iiis  treason,  in  1801,  in  slianie,  obscu- 
rity and  poverty,  he  sank  into  a  dishonored  grave,— an 
unanswerable  argument  for  the  doctrine  of  native  de- 
])ravity. 


XIX.— 1770. 
TIDK  OF  IIATTM-:  FLOWS  SOUTH WAUD. 


MKAN'l'lMK  ill.'  tide  .)l'  KaKlr  Iiiid  roll( d  M)iitli\viinl. 
'i'liii  llriii-li  luitl  iidoil  ri'iisdiis  for  sliil'liiiL,'  the 
tlu'Mlrc  ol'  war.  St'iitiiiu-iil  was  iiioit' ('(|iiallv  ilividcd  lliorc. 
TliL'  ivj)iil)Ii('aii8  .H'arctiv  oiit-iiiiriilMivd  (lie  torit'-.  It 
iniisl  (>('  said,  howovi'C,  llmt  as  a  rule  llic  \iitiioiis  and 
iiilcUigciit  adhered  lo  (he  caii.-e  ot'  iiideiieiideiiee,  while  the 
ignorant  and  \iei()iis,  wilh  I  lie  hope  of  iiiiiader  and  advcu- 
tinv,  Hookwl  to  tho'kin<;'.s  stiindimlH. 

The  coast  al)ounded  in  <fouii!  harbors  and  Iho  country 
was  II  rich  plain,  wattTed  by  navi^'ahlc  rivcns,  by  whicli 
tlicy  conlil  ]ione(ratc  to  the  very  heart  of  llie  provineos 

Anion,!,'  the  reasons  yiveii  by  TarJeton,  whoncconiiianied 
.Sir  Henry  Clinton  on  liis  expedition  to  South  Carolina, 
Were:  "  Thi!  mildness  of  the  clin»atc,  richness  of  (he 
country,  its  vicinity  to  Georgia  [already  in  tlio  power  of 
the  Hritish]  and  i/.s  disfdiirr  frnin  ]V(f<hi»;//oii." 

From  the  midsummer  of  ITtS,  the  ablest  commanders 
in  the  British  service,  <tenerals  (Jla^xc,  IIowc,  liuruciyne, 
Cornwallis,  and  (Minton,  l>ad  lK>cn  snccessivclv  out-iren- 
cralled,  out-manenvred  and  put  to  shame,  by  his  matchless 
condonations.  'I'hey  hail  thouf^lit  l<>  uproot  the  Anieriean 
rebellion  by  strikinc:  at  Boston,  'Mbc  Iiot-bed  of  treason''; 
but  in  ii  few  monilis  tliey  we-e  <lrivtn  from  its  harbor. 
They  then  fancieil  to  dcca|iitai,'  it,  by  sciziu,^'  ihe  Hudson 
river  and  thus  diviiiinj;  tlie  eustorn  from  the  middle  colo- 
nies. They  were  foiled  on  the  jdains  of  J^irutoga,  and  the 
surrcuder  vS  Dnrgoync  was  llio  conse<piencc.      In   1777 


TiDi;  or  ii.vrri.i;  ki.ow.h  south \v.\ui». 


in 


iTIIWAKD. 


illcil  Miiitliwiird. 
itr  .^liiriiiiL,'  till' 
l_v  ilividi'd  (licTc. 
(he  torit'-.  It 
H'  \irtiKMi.s  and 
Iciicc,  wliilr  (Iio 
idtT  and  uilveii- 

lud  llio  country 
•Ivors,  Iiy  wliifli 
lio  provinces 
lionocoiniianioil 
Sdulli  Camlina, 
ricliiiL'ss  of  the 
in  tlio  power  of 

■A  c'oniniaiulers 
owe,  I'lUrudyne, 
•isivelv  otit-''en- 
'ly  liis  inal('lile.s.s 
•t  the  Anieiieaii 
led  of  treason ''; 
Voni  its  harlior. 
\\\'^  llie  lliidson 
ho  middle  colo- 
•nitoga,  and  the 
nee."    In   ITTT 


V- 


they  had  indeed  cstalili.-hcd  tiuiiisclvos  in  the  eily  "t'  tho 
Conliiientiil  Coiiirres-'.  Inil  only  to  yiehl  it  ujiiii  ihrlolJoW" 
ill,!,'  y<ar.  In  the  ,«imuiU'r  o!'  HIS,  coinlii;,''  iixain  iiimn 
\\  hite  I'laiii",  Wa-liin^'lun  wroti; :  "  After  two  \eiirs 
inaiii'ns(  riiiLT.  ami  the  stranir'st  vJeisjiUmU'S,  Imtli  armies 
are  linmuhl  hack  to  tlie  \'  ry  jinint  they  -ct  out  I'l'iiin,  and 
the  ollViidini,'  parly  is  now  reduced  to  the  use  of  tiic  spade 
and  pii'ka\e  for  ,>arely.  Tiic  iiand  of  rrovideiiee  has  hc'ii 
HO  eoii-pieiioiis  in  all  this,  thai  lie  must  he  wniv.'  liian  an 
inlidel  that  lacks  failh,  and  more  liian  wicked,  ihat  luis 
not  ui-atitinh'  enoii;i^h  to  aekliowled.i^i!  hi-i  ohlinatioiis." 

Had  \Vasl)in<,'ton  iieen  an  iiiih(diever,  consulting,'  only 
the  "stars"'  for  his  or.ieiis,  he  would  still  have  heen  a 
formidahle  antaixonist  :  hut.  with  his  sideiidid  military 
iiiMiiict  — holding,'  fast  hy  the  hand  of  his  ( !od— siiyin.i,' 
t'on'inually :  "•Tlioii  will  ^iiidr  luc  willi  lliiuv  rf/r,"  \w 
had  Iiecoine  to  his  eneiMies,  liir  ftiirniD/iirrd/i/i: 

As  early  as  T,  is,  the  coasi  of  (ieor^ia  had  lu'eu  ravaged 
hy  nriti>li  troops,  from  their  station  in  Florida,  joined  hy 
Indian  trihes  who  were  ho-.iirht  liy  lirilish  a,u;eiils  with 
costly  presenls  to  enter  their  service. 

In'  r,?.)  Colonel  Camphell  was  disi.alched  IVoiu  Niw 
York  with  three  thousand  troops  to  lake  Sa\aiiiiah.  It 
was  leehly  defended  hy  the  American  (ieiieral  Howe. 
(Iiiidfd  tiirouijh  a  swamp  !»y  a  ne^n'o,  Camphell  Inined 
Howe's  position.  Vi<(t>roii.lv  i.".i(/U«'d  on  ad  sides,  he 
capitulated,  and  the  i-apitai  M;tli  nearly  live  hundred 
jirisiuiers.  forty-ei,ij;ht  pieces  of  eaiinon,  tlu'  fovt  with 
lar<!;e  military  stoves  and  much  provision  fell  to  the 
British  with  a  loss  to  them  of  only  twenty-four  killed  and 
wounded. 

Ilavinjr  estahlisltod  tliemselves  in  Savannah,  the  T^ritish 
ranjjed  at  will  throujxli  southern  (>eor<j;ia  ;  pusliin,u'  north- 
ward, they  forlilied  Au'_nista  and  opened  communieation 
with  the  sava^fo  trihe>  "f  upper  («eov;:ui. 

The  delegates  of  South  Carolina  re(iucsted  Congress  to 


lailv 


tn 


Tini:  or  hattm;  flows  moltiiwaud. 


foirl  Miijiir  (Jiiuriil  Lincoln,  to  coininuiitl  llicif  fnror^  ; 
;t  iiiiin  lii;.'li!y  rsln  iiicil  f.ir  lii-'  iiit(';:rily  iiinl  pfivuti'  vir- 
tiK',-',  luit  wilhniil  It  .'lir  n['  iitilitiuy  iiistinit.  i'lsiisu'r 
fullowi'd  fiisl  iiikI  folltiwi'd  fustic.  Ill  St|it(iiilii'r  ; !  I'.*  IIh' 
f!ii\iilri(!  I)iit  iin|it'linni.«i  l''n'iicliiniiii  i»"K.sliiiii;:'  ci'dilfiily 
u|i|ic;ii'i'(l  ii|)iiii  tlu'Cdiist  of  (;e(ir;.nii  willi  lliitt  nini  nriny, 
lli'il  ^ii;,'llili(■<l  liis  jmi'i'dsr  In  is.-sisi,  in  rclukiiij,' Kii\ii!iii.ili. 
Anlniniiiil  {^iiics  iiii|>rn;u'liinu'.  !u'  |inci|iiliilii|  tlic  iiiad 
UHHiinll,  wiiii'li  wn.s  n'jiiii.si'd  witii  l'i|ulill'iil  .slaiiyli'  i. 


Aiiion.ir  tiu'  slain,  wen-  tlic  hnivc  I'olandcr  INila  i.f  ami 
SiTfTfUiit  .IiispiT.  'I'lim'  yciiiM  licl'ort'  ,ln.-|Mi  liad  <avii(d 
iniinorlal  fame  at  tin-  dctViuv  <if  l''nrl  .Mniillrio  in  tlio 
liarl»ir  III' Cliarlisliiii.  A  hall  Iroiii  the  cnciiiy'.s  f^'up  .sliot 
uway  till' llajr.-lulT  ;  .lasprr  lca|u'il  I'ldiii  llic  wall,  ni  "n  tlu' 
Ikmu'Ii.  canuli)  up  tlif  .-tais  of  iilnTly.  and  cliinliiii,';  llio 
breast  Work,  tliiini;;ii  u  .slorn!  ;;'.'  hallcts,  li\(d  tin'  lla;; 
upDii  till' point  of  Ills  sponlooii,  and  pivc  it  a.irain  to  (lu- 
luVL'/i',  cryitifl,  "(lod  save  liberty  and  my  coiinlry  for- 
ever." Al'ter  the  enemy  bad  retired  discoinHted.  (lover- 
lior  IJiitled^'e.  in  iiresenee  of  the  whole  r'lximenl,  fo.k  bin 
sword  from  his  ;-ide  and  with  bis  own  hand  presented  it 
to  .Tasper. 

He  oll'ered  him  a  eoininissioii  also,  but  this  hifrti  liei'oio 
poiil  declined  it.  He  was  only  one  of  (iod's  nobKiiiiu 
and  modestly  said  :  "1  am  <,fi'eatly  ohliu:ed  fuyoudover- 
«or,  hilt  I  bad  rather  not  ha\e  a  conunissio!i  :  as  I  am,  I 
l»ass  very  well  with  smdi  company  as  a  inmr  serijeunl  lias  ii 
riuiit  to  keej).  H  1  took  a  commission,  I  .should  be  forced 
to  kee|.  biirber  comiiany,  am!  then,  as  I  don't  know  how 
10  read,  I  should  only  he  jtiitting'  myself  in  a  way  to  be 
liiuflhed  at." 

I'lie  I'nir  datiirhters  of  Charleston  were  also  pitbered 
there  to  thank  their  bruvu  defenders,  and  Mrs.  t'oloiiol 


\ 


■AUU. 


■run:  or  hattm:  i  i.dws  soirnwAiin. 


IT.') 


il  tlic'r  forof's ; 
uikI  priviiti'  vir- 
tiiii't.  i'murttcr 
ciiilioi'  r.  I'.t  till' 
sliiiii;;'  Hi'ildi'iily 
llirl  Kill!  nriiiy, 
kiii,i,'  MiHii'.iiiiiii. 
liliilitl  I  lie  iimd 

.slilllgll'     I. 


(llT  I'lll.l  kf  iiiul 
pi'i'  )i:i(i  *;iviirtl 
iliiiiltrio  ill  tlio 
ciiiv'.s  >;'i!!>  .>ln)t 
•  Willi,  ii;  "11  till- 
(1  cliiiilim','  I  ho 
li\i'(l  liii'  lla^' 
it  ii,U!iiii  to  Uio 
ly  ciiiiiitry  for- 
utnlUi'il.  (ioviT- 
riiufiit,  fnik  liin 
iiid  i»rt'.«i'!iU'i|  it 

tliis  liijrli  licroicj 
Clod's  iiiihli'iiii'ii 

1    (o  you  (ioVCT- 

qo:i  :  as  I  am,  I 
ir  sorsjoiiiil  lias  a 
<Iiould  lit'  forced 
loii'L  know  how 
in  a  way  to  bo 

('  also  piHicix'd 
id  Mrd.  Colonel 


Y.\M.  i^re^eiited  lilt"  ivu'iiiK'Mt  willi  Uv>h  colors,  ('m- 
l.roidcnd  in  ^'old  mid  nlvcr  willi  h.  r  onmi  limid.  They 
wcred.livcrcd  to  .luMpcr.  wlio  "so^td  never  to  ;.'i\.'  Ihnii 
iiji  Imt  uilh  his  lil'e." 

Now,  iiiid.T  liie  fatal  wJNol*  Savaiiiiitii.  he  made  - 1 

liis\ow.  'I'hn.ii^di  all  that  day  of  ninia^'o  .la^Mr  had 
remained  unhurt,  hut  when  the  retreat  was  Hoiirnhd  he 
rushed  forward  to  >ei/r  and  hriii^'ol!  lli^  colors,  when  a 
fatal  liall  entered  hi-i  lung's. 

ill  an  (dd  lime  worn  Imok,  a  ■i.eeimen  <d'  the  southern 
literature  of  more  than  hall'  a  eeiiturv  ap..  entitled 
•'Weenis  and  Horry's  Life  «  .  Marion."  may  he  found  a 
iwi^e  or  two,  deserilVni<r  the  •lealli  id'  till,-)  brave  man.  It 
lias  an  exiiuisitc  touch  of  poetry  and  jiatlios,  equal  to  iinv- 
thiii^'  that  ever  fell  from  ilie  pen  id"  DieUeiis,  albeit  tho 
ilealh  of  ••  I'oor  Joe"  or  "  Little  Taul."    Thus  : 

•*As  he  passed  by  mo  with  the  colors  in  his  hand,  I 
olnerved  he  had  a  liad  limp  in  his  walk. 

••  •  Ymi  are  not  mueh  hurt.  1  hope,  Jasper.'  said  L 

"  •  Yes,  iMiijor,  I  believe  I've  },'ot  my  furloii-,di.' 

•• '  Pshaw,'  ipioth  I,  '  i'urloiitih  for  what*:" 

"  '  Why  to  <(o  home  to  Heaven,  1  hope.' 

"His  words  made  .such  an  impression  on  mo,  that  as 
H)or  as  diitv  permitted  1  went  to  see  him.  As  I  entered 
the  .ent.  he'lil'ted  his  eyes  to  me.  but  their  lire  was  almost 
(luenehed.  St  retelling'' his  feeble  band  be  said,  with  per- 
fe(;t  tramiuiUity:  '  Wcdl,  Major,  1  told  you  I  had  got  my 

furloujirh.' 

•'  '1  hope  not,'  I  replied. 

•"(),  yes!  I  am  goiiiir.  and  very  fast  too;  but  thank 
Ciod,  I  am  not  afraid  to  go.' 

"  1  told  him.  I  knew  he  was  too  bravo  to  fear  death,  ami 
too  honest  to  be  alarnn  d  about  its  eonsei|ueiices. 

'••Why  as  to  Mial  matter,  sir,  I  wim't  brag;  but  I 
have  my  hopes.  I  am  but  a  poor  ignorant  body,  but 
somehow  or  other  1  have  always  built  my  hopes  of  what 


1 


m 


Tflii;   (II'    IIVTIII     I  'IIW-*  SOI  TltWATin, 


floil  ntiiv  ill!  fur  1110  ht'rt"/h'r,  on  \v.luU  li.'  Im-i  (loii-  fm'  m  - 
hiri'.' 

"[  tulil  liiiii  I  (h(iii;,'lit  III'  wii'<  »i>rn'(t  in  llmt. 

*••  Xuw,  Miijoi'.  \w\\''a  the  wiu  I  ciiiiitinrl  iiiy-*!  If.  Tiflv 
your.'  Ill,"'  (I  Mty  !••  in\Mir)  I  wuH  III)'', 'ill/,  iiiiil  liinl  ii<i 
lliiMi;;lit  dial  llic*  wiM  itny  hiicIi  jtrainl  itiid  U-aiilil'iil 
wurlil  ii-i  llii^.  Hilt,  iittlwilli^timdiii^',  tlici-i'  n'lm  miicIi  h 
wiiild,  anil  111  It'  ({'III  hu*  liriiii;.'lil  nil-  inio  ii.  .Now  cjiii't 
lit'  ill  lU'lvyt'iiiM  iiiitr'',  or  inili'til  in  lll'iy  iiiiiiiili<i  iiinrc, 
lii'iii^'  lilt'  iiiti)  iiiiiitlii'i- umiil,  as  iiiiiili  alMiv  lliis  aa  \\\\* 
in  iiliDM'  that  .-tall'  ol'  hDHiiiuj  in  wliiili  I  ,13  Hl'ty  V('iir.4 
a.iro!" 

"  I  liiltl  liiiii  I  lliniiv'lil  il  \WH  a  MTV  lia|i|iy  way  <if 
rcaHDiiiii;.',  ami  hiuIi  as  ^iiitctl  tli<- •^imiini ';<.<i  aiitl  ^.M'l'iitiii'Hrt 

onioii. 

•'•I  lliiiik  so,  >[uj(»r.  iiik!  I  Irii-I  I  >li,ill  IIimI  it  sn.'  he 
cmitiniKil  ;  '  tliiiii^li  I  liiivi'  lut  n  a  tnan  <<!' Iilmiil,  vil, 
tliaiik  (It'll,  I  lia\i'  always  livfd  willi  an  cyi  In  lliat  ///vv// 
Imiw,  My  innlhcr  was  a  pind  wiiiniii.  and  wln'ii  I  sat,  a 
cliild,  on  liiT  kill'',  .''111'  talkt'd  in  nii'  id'  (itiij,  ami  luld  iih' 
it  vvasOnil  will)  Imilt.  this  p-ttit  wnrld,  with  all  il^^  ridii's 
iiiid  ^'oiid  thlntrs,  and  imt  I'nr  /////*.vr//  Iml  |'i«i'  ///■  /  aii<l 
that  !'  I  wiiiiM  Iml  i}o  Mis  will,  in  that  inily  ai'i'i'|il:ildi' 
way — u;;iiiid  lift' — he  wmild  dn  still  j.'rt'ak'i'  and  lultrr 
Iliiii;;;.^  I'lr  lilt' ht'ri'al'lrr.  'I'licsc  lliiiij.M  wfii!  mi  ilt'i'|»  inlo 
Miy  lit'art,  .Majnr,  thai  ihi'V  iicmt  fnnid  I'c  tiikfii  invay  rnmi 
inc.  1  have  hardly  imt  ;,'i>iii'  In  Kcd  nr  <;;tit  ii|i  a;jaiii 
witliniit  my  prayiTs.  I  liavf  hiiiiurcd  my  lalliti'  ami 
liidtliiT,  and.  thank  (Jnd.  I  havf  lifcn  xfrirf/i/  Imif  ^/.' 

"  Ho  I'untiniicd.  with  tears  in  his  fvi-s  ami  wiili  iiinch 
ofTt)ri,  thai  Ik-  had  a  <."H)d  lin|M'  he  wufi  p»ili;L'  wliriv  Im 
Kliinild  net  ill)  what  he  hail  Keen  olili^jod  tn  'In  in  this 
wnrld. 

"  •  I  'vc  killed  men  in  my  liiiii'.  Maji.r.  lail  imt  in  maliee, 
lint  in  what  J  llii)ii},dit  a  just  war  I'nr  my  eminlry;  ami  as 
I  hnrc  nil  malice  a''aiiist  these  I  killed,  neither  tin  I  hear 


Iltln)  tloli'  fill'  nil  ^ 

iliiir. 

I  m\-  II'.     Fiflv 

(//,   tiliil    li;li|    lilt 

.  unti  U'iiiiiirtil 
[<p»»  ii'iiH  mv\\  K 
>  ii.  N'liw  fiiii't 
'  iiiiiiiiti's  limn', 
•V"'  (liix  as  lliM 
HiM  lll'ty  smvn 

lill|i|i_\     \MI_V    i>f 

's  iiiitl  ;:ri'ittiic(i(i 

II  iillil    it    SI),'    III' 

1  111'  lilnntl.  Vcl, 
\t  Id  I  tint  iil'iiit 
I  wIh'II  I  y;it,  u 
III,  mill  lull!  nil' 
li  all   il'^  rii'lii'.-* 

III  I'nr  lilt  !  aiii| 
iiilv  arccplalilc 
iiU'i'  and  lii'ltrr 

•it     Ml  l|ci'|l     illllt 

akcii  11  way  I'niin 
•  jfiil  n|i  aj:aiii 
my   i'allii'i'   aiii| 

///  hull'  v/.' 

and  with  iniicii 
piinu'  wliciv  III' 
I   III  ill)   in  tlii'4 

it  iml  ill  inalici', 
•iiiiiitry ;  and  as 
I'iliu'i'  di)  I  lu'iir 


Htivn£pfn4<lHWtthr.lmu  kilUd  m<' ;  and  I  lirarlil)  trii4 
ii,"(i..d,  ii.i' ('liri»*i'^  M»kf.  •I»»t  w»^^^  •'•'i»l'  '""•  ''">  '"''*'^ 
to;.'t'Uli'i!  vvlun"  we  hIihU  fitrgivi..  iind  Lai-  ..!>.•  !ii...l!..f 
wC  lii'itlti.'i'-'.  And  now.  niv  ;r".Ml  I'riiiid.  -i^  I  liu\<'  l"il  ii 
ni.».'tiim-l.»liu..  I  iMg  Noiiwill  d..ii  fiw  ihinji^  lur  m.' 

wluiji  I  iim  ffoiK'.  ,.  .,   , 

"  •  Ymii  mv  Illllt  Mvni'd— it  i"  llu (..iMrn.ii'  Iuill.dK»« 

iMi'^i'iiiid  H,  iiu'  r..r  my  .-i'fvio'M  at  I'hiI  Mnuliiii-  jiiv*. 
lual  ,w..ii.|  tn  mv  luthiP.  and  t.  II  liim  I  n."  r  .li-lionoivd 
il,  II  V  »lii»"i''  »vvvi>l'iir  iiKMi'll  him  hii^  .-<'it  ''i*'!  '" 
|,.,,«-ornht'tt  rlifi-. 

•  If  \.tii  sUoiildHiM'lhi»mr<'«l>.'»iit!t\\..man.  Mr-<.  Wlu't. 
ti'U  hi-  I  loi^l  my  lire  Iti  Haxin^'  tlic  tnli.rs  hlu-  ^avr  H.  <iiir 
iT^imnil.  A^ui  if  Mill  f.!«i»ild  v^^ww  iicn.-M  |Mini'  doms  and 
hi,  wit'.'  and  lilth-  I'l'V,  i*il  thmi  .]n^\n\-  is  ^'..lu' ;  Iml  Iho 
piminhmna'  ot  tho  liiml  hiiltli'  whi.'h  h.'  -im'.'  luu^dit  for 
lli.il'  miki-.  I.rmt-hl  a  s.rnl  J..y  to  his  hniit  jii.t  a^  il  was 
„h..iit  K.  .-^t'M'  ii^  inolinii  r.iivMr.'*  IK'  M'"K''  tlM'Sf  last 
Honls  in  11  liv.ii.'i'  ti.in"  llum  hil'mv;  hit  il  wa.>  like  tin' 
last  kindlin;.'  uf  the  la|H>r  in  its  nilli'.-s  scHK.t;  iii>taiilly 
ill.'  |.aliiii'.-s  i>r  diath  (jvofspnad  ids  I'lifi'— he  sank  ImlR 
and  iNpiri'd." 

LiiH'idii  !  li  the  ivmnanis  <d'  I  is  miiimcd  aii.Uhattiivtl 
„f|HV  iiitoCharlcsldii.  W.inl'.im  .iiinls  fi'i.m  thcl'iU'cdiniis 
iimlVii'piiiiii.withlurni' military  St. iivs and  |'n>\isi..ns.  w.r.' 
(TOW. It'll  int..  a  city  wlii.-h  ci.iild  iinl  1k'  .lifiiali'd.  'I'hn 
hi-iiM'  men  in.liislriimsly  sir.'ii^'lli.iu.l  its  t'orlilicati.ms ;  it 
\v»3  l»»it  t"  ''tiild  thi'ii'  t)wn  }.'i'a\<'8. 

in  .1  Hilary  of  r.Hl>.  Sir  lliiiiv  C'liiitoii  had  uilid  fri.m 
Xrw  Yi.  kwilh  i'i;:lit  tliouiind  il^<■  Imn'lnd  nun,  fully 
i'liuii-ia'd.  Ik'  cm'tMintiTi'd  oiilra-.'<.'«tu>  i..rin>;  liis  ..rd- 
iiani'i-sliip  fnundm'il ;  «d'  hirt  transiinrts.  many  wiTccitluT 
.■aptuivil  i.r  lost,  and  his  cavalry  Imrsfs  all  perished.     It 

*  II..  Ii:i.l,  Ht  tiiirtiil  DiliN.  ivsninl  tli.'iii  t'rdia  tli.-  iininkTOUH  liiiiuJs 
ni  It  l.nHi.l  M.l.lii  TV.  ami  Kivi.l  I'l.ii  livs. 


il 


ITH 


Tim;  ni'  nvmi:  ri.ow^  hoitiinvauis 


WM  iUv  t'lul  ')1  I'Vliruiiry  M»rv  lln'  llirt  n'iiJ«i'i'ml'l'«l  olT 
llif  UliMi'l  »t  '\'},\«>'.  I'lilitiHi  l'.iiirnl  Itix  wIh'Ii'  r-iivf  ill 
tJtor^'lu  iumI  Ciiiolii.tt,  in»l  fur  frxm  h  ii  llMtii»tiuil.  iiml.  km 
KiMtii  tu  lu*  ctMild  ri'hiiMiiit  liU  niviitn.  lu'  tixiiiiM  iinil  it 
ninlioiid  uii*l  l«  Uiii'«  l>  M'iitIi  iilttir.'  ilu-  cMuct  into  Sutitli 
CiintliiM.  Illiitl)  <>tulili-liiii;f  lii<*  I"""!*  u*  Ih'  uihiliiftil. 
.\|>iil  '.Mil,  lii-t  lint  ({uliu'il  tli«'  hiiilxiruf  ('liarli'ntiiii  \vUli> 
<iiii  |m4m.  mill  •>»  ilii'  UHhitf  April  lio  Hiimiii'iiMil  l.ininlu 
to  mirriiiili  r 


I 


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ilioli'  I'ulTi'  ill 
ll^itlitl,  iiimI,  m» 

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I 


XX.     17S(». 

ruv)  scoriJcJK  of  tiik  takolinas. 

''T"*I11;RI''.  iiccijiiipaiiiid  Cliiilon  nii  tliis  ('Npi'ilil  inn  mi 
1  (plliivi-  111'  cxci'iilicii;!!  iiiililary  jri'iiiiis  who  was 
(.pivilily  to  iR'comc!  Ilu'  .scniir-.i  iiml  h'ln.r  nflln'Sf  iin- 
ii..|i|>v  |irnviii(".'-'.  Soiiu'  criiiis  luivi'  pniiiuiinctil  liim  a 
jircsi'iiliiiu'iil  (if  ilic  iirw  ^y.-l(•lll  of  miliian  tailii's— tak- 
iii;;-  I'.i'a'lilocU  ami  llic  llowcs  as  ivpn  ■^ciilalivc  s  of  Hie 
oltl.  '•'I'arlrloii's  oiitTatioii.-!  woiv  cIiarautiTi.stic  of  that 
IK'W  sysf.'iii.  which  Lraiii.d  frcdi  spirit  diiriiij.' tho  Firnch 
l{,\olutioii.  iiini   aftcrwanis  ili,slin,iiiiis!u'(l  Napoleon  I.''* 

YrL  thf  same  I'K'imiits  have  fharact.riz.d  all  f;ivat 
,,,,l,li,,,.s.-Alr\aiHh'r,  Cavsir,  (lasloii  dc  Foix.  A.lolplms 
iMarliM.r  mil^i.  and  MoPLran.  'I'ha!  line  i'<iiii|K)i,<e  of  jud,i(- 
iiinit  and  dariiiLT— swift iirss  (•.•Krily,  siippl.MU'Ss.  in^'r- 
uiiitv,  ul)i.iiiity— iKTsistunt  sk'duvdiaiiinur  lilows.  as  loii^r 
and  "as  manv  as  nci'dfn!  tu  acconiplish  a  iTSidt.  atljonniing 
sKvp  and  "food,  and  tillin.L?  tlic  twcnly-i'otir  hours  with 

valors. 

Tark'toii  needed  only  a  fri'oat  oiiportninty  and  unlimitca 
(•omniand.  Well  for  onr  eaii^e  he  was  only  a  ndonel,  and 
])Ut  poorly  <reneraled.  It  inu..t  he  said  that  he  was  utterly 
without  the  (piality  of  luer-y.  A  few  specimens  of  his 
work  will  host  illustrate  the  worker.  We  left  Lincoln 
]u'nned  up  in  Charleston,  with  all  tlie  military  resources 
of  ihoCarolinas,  haviui,' heen.  on  April  lutli,  snnnu.>ned 
liy  Clinton  to  surrender.  The  eiiv  \\a^  aiuio<t  con'pletcly 
invested  ;  hut  tlic  American  eavah'y.  under  (i.^nend  Huircr 
*  Cirn'iil/I'iii'.i  "  lliiltli •■<<'/  tlic  Aiiuru-'iii  liti;diiti"n." 


1 


1i 
11 


u 


-■'•     ; 


t    I 


•nm-  — »''1''«'y'»'rt^'—  ■-r>iM«fc«*flE.i!a«iSS*B!«1 -■-- 


I, SI  I 


Tin:  SI  nrudi;  oi'  iiii:  r  Mtoi.iSAS. 


iiiiil  Cnlnii..!  \V:i-iii'ivlMii.  l.(,||i  line  nllicirs  hi'li'  a  |MiHlii.ii 
ill  .M..iik"- Cipnirr.  Ihirlv  imli'-  il^^\^.  ( 'li;irlr-lnii.  u  liirli 
iiiainliiiiicl  !i  r.iiiiiiini)iiMii"ii  uilli  llif  npiicr  (■(.iiiiiiy  tVr 
sii|i|.lic<  r.-r  l!ir  -iii'ri>suii,  ainl  cnviTnl  ii  uav  of  ivtival  .aU 

(if    llic  citV. 

AswilV  iiiJit  iiiaivli,  April  l-.Mli.  aii-1  'I'Mrlrloii  Iia<l 
llniii  Ml  his  j;ii|'.  lliiL'ir  and  Wii-liiiiui""  H'''  I"  <''-■ 
.-waiiili  aad  sccri-UMJ  ilicinsrivrs.  as   lid  all  who  rniild. 

'rarii'hPi,  iniik  a  hundivd  prisniicrs— (illiccrs,  di'andims 
mid  hii/./.ar.— lil'iy  wa-niis  (d'  cinlliin--.  amiiiuiiiliuii,  etc., 
mid.  iii'id  valiiahi.' nl'  ill  to  IIh  I'-rili  h  at  liial  liiiir.  i'oiii- 
hlllldl-d  liorsrs,  witil  ,M|,iii,iilrn;s.  lie  ajn  tn(d>.  posscs- 
s^iuii  of  llic  IViTV  and  all  llu'  hoals.  'I'his  i(inipU-lnl  the 
iiivcsliiiciit  (d"  Chmi  slon.  Hrili-li  loss  -one  olliirr  mul 
Iwo  ni."i  woiiin! 'd,  and  live  liorsrs  isilh'd.'  " 

May  I'th.  'raii.'ton  loiidly  surprised  an  Aini'ric:m  dc- 
ladinhiil  nnd'T  ('.d'ai^U  Wash  i  nut  "n  and  W  hit'',  al 
I  rnc\v"s  I'l'iry.- "  Iiisislancc  and  slaniililiT  S'lon  ccas^Ml."' 
Till'  Iwo  cnjonrls  s;i\cd  lliiiii-i|v(  s  llii-  liiiK'  li\  -winiifiin':. 
Aimrican  joss— live  (dlii'.Ts  and  lliiriysix  nirn  Kilhd  and 
woiiiidrd  :  seven  olVicers  and  sisty  dragoons  pri-om  r-. 
uiih  all  Ihe  lioi'<e-,  nniis  and  (M|iiipnient-^.  'I'inieion 
|.i-l  two  ilra.Liooiis  ail  I  i'oiir  li^irs.s.  Imt,  iviin-ninir  lo 
Lipi'd  Ci.riiwallis' eainp  the  same  eveniinr.  (weiitv  Imrses 
expired  with  rali,i!;ne.  More  ol"  lliiskind  of  work  in  its 
plaee. 

Charlesloii  pas-ed  to  the  !?rdi-h  May  lith,  i^so.  I'.y 
inehidiii'j- all  the  niah' adults,  old  and  intirm.  in  his  li«t. 
Clinton  eiiiild  reiioi't  live  thon-and  iirisoners.  The  spoil 
w:is  not  less  than  a  million  and  a  hall"  in  our  money.  'l"ho 
IJrilish  army  heeame  a  hand  id'  phnitler.  rs.  and  ••  tin' (li\  i- 
(lend  (d'  a  I'lajoi'-jreneral  was  fonr  thousand  ,uiiinea<."  f 

'I'lie  noirfoes  wore  tho  most  valual>le  part  of  this  spoil. 
Hie  sli'ves  of  reh(ds.  not  exciptiiiL^  those  who  threw  them- 
Kolves  upon   the   lirilidi  for  protection,  were  iniineiliat'dy 


-I  =■. 


tl 


■  lit  a  |MiMliiiii 
li'-l'iii,  \*  hull 
•  ciiiih! IT  t'l  r 
if  iL'tnal  t,iiL 

rarli'tuti  liail 

1     II. MJ    lo    111.- 

Id  I'liiilil. 
ri'H,  (lra,:;(iiitiH 
llllitinll,  cic, 
lat  liiiir,  i'uur 
tiidk  |M)SS('S- 
(Piii|ph'i('il  the 
IV  iillicrr  ami 

Xiiicrlciiii  ilc- 
kI    Whil.'.   al 

S'iOM  era'''!!.' 
Ii_\  -u  iiiiiiiiii';'. 
f'li  killi'l  ami 
)iis  iii'i~iiiicr>, 
N.  'rarlcliiii 
ivtiiriiiiiL,^    ||> 

IWi'lltV    linlM'S 

!'  unrk  in    its 

th,  l^so.  |;y 
in,  in  lii>  li-l. 
rs.  'riic  spnil 
iimni'V.  'I'lie 
mil  '•  llic  (livi- 

;fiiiiit'a<."  t 
of  this  spoil. 
io  threw  iIkiii- 
1'  iinniciliali'ly 
//,  V..1.  X. 


-I  I. 


Tin;  scoi  i!(ii;  m'  Tin:  <  auoi.is  \s.  i.'^l 

^||■i^,|„■/l   IO  llh'   \\\   I    III  li''  .  «!i"n^    lli'.v  l.roii-lit   a    lii-li 

A  l.aii  ..r  iiaii-rriiiiiiial.'  naili-rati-n  ua«  |.iv|iarril  !-r 
the  wIm.I  ■  cHinlrs.  rrolrctiun  miiM  nnlv  h.'  ol.laim'l  ii 
ivliirn  I'nv  niiriimlilioiial  ami  ,>rf,rr /'•i/f//,'/.  (  liiitni,  .1- 
l,,n„iii,,|    I,,  riMi-li  o'll   ilh'  .i-iril   ol'  rilMrt\.  and  rnni|,rl 

,.\,.ry  Mill apalii-  "I'  iMNirinu'  arm-,  into  Priii-h  -rrNi'i'. 

'liic  iniilr  inlial.ilani- of  tiir  \arioiis  (li-tricl>  ui'iv  fii- 
n.ll.Ml.  ami  iiilmr  I'.rili  h  or  tors  oilicT.-  (far  ni'iroiliva.h'il 
or  ilir  two),  were  ii|)|iointiil.  -uilh  I'ivil  as  u.ll  a>  m;li- 
laiT  pnucrs."  All  owr  fori  v  Vrar-  of  ii;,'r,  uvit  Io  ppvM'.  \f 
llu' kin-'s  aiithoril.v  al  home;  nil  iimlrr  thai  ii/o.  utay  l.) 
i-crsc  -i\  moiilh-  of  iiioNvar  in  l!n'  r".v:il  arini-s.  The 
Carolin  I-  u  'iv  111  lice  >in.' 11  \a.-l   r.r;li-li  (  amp. 

Afi.r  ihi'   issiio  of    lliis   proclamation,  any  Caroliniau 
taken  ill  arm-,  was  liahle  In  death  for  deriiinii  and  Ivar- 
iii"  arm- auiiiii-l  his  cmintry.     L"rd  [{nwdon,  in  (  nmmaiid 
(iirihe  Sanlee,  i-!ie(|  the  fnljo w iiiL' ' 'rd' r  :     •■  If  aiis  p  ■!'- 
son  .-hall   iiieel   a  soldier  si rairudiie/.  and   shall   iiol  secure 
him.or -pivad  an  alami  I'nv  ihal  piirpo-v.  or  if  any  person 
shall  shelier  or  Lniide  a  .-nhlier  -I  ra,L;L^nl.L^  they -hall   he 
pnnislieil  liv  whippin.Lr.  imprisonment  or  he  ,-ent   to  .-erve 
in  ihi'  W'e-I   Indi"-.      I  will  •j:i\e  Irii  ,;.Mi;neas  for  ihe  head 
of  aii\  dc-ei'ter  iieloii.Ldii'j-  Io  1  lie  Milniiici  rs  of  Irrland.  and 
live  'riiinea    »//////.  if  I  hey  hriiii:-  liiin  in  alive."     Thus  wer(( 
Ihesi'  proud  and  hiL'h--piriled  peo|>le  forced  to  heconic  Ihu 
ai^enls  ef  their  own  siihjeeiinn. 
'  Sinniied   liy  their  miliiary  di.-aler<  and  hy  the  savii,i,'(' 
criiellv  of    tlieir  oppressors,  their  ener;;ie<  were   for  the 
time  jiaralvzeii— yi't  the  p,  ople  uf  the  C'ai'olinas  remainetl 
iincoir|Uered. 

('liiiton  sent  a  (letaehment  to  streiiirllien  An.Lrn-ta  :  an- 
other to  Ninely-si\.  and  a  third  under  Coriiwallis  Io 
Camden.  'i'lu-.^  iiiipurlaiil  po-ls  held  the  iwn  Siaies, 
(ieoriria  and  Snioh  Cai'idina.  in  jirc-ent  siilijeeiinn. 

'idle  onlv  armed  .\Mi'iiean  force  y-l   in  the  ijidd  'v*;!-  .a 


i  a 


f 


(.  ■ 


1811 


■i'liK  Mitt'K'ii;  oi  Tin;  i  ai;u'.in.\.s. 


)(orii(ia  111'  111.'  \'ir;.;iiii;i  liif.  wliii  li  iirri\<'i|  tun  liilc  In  ji'iii 
llic  ;,'.iiTi-itii  ill  ('liui'li'.-<i"ii,  iiiid  liny  li;il  r.li'i'iilnl  iinfili- 
«;ii(|  Inward  Niirlli  ('i.inliiiM.  Tiirli  Inn  was  (li-|ial('lHil 
iilirr  ilii'iii.  May  '.".Mli.  \\r  IhitiiI  a  iiiaii'h  (irmn'  liiimliid 
atitl  live  mill"  ill  liliy  i'air  iiuiii's,  ami  caiiu'  up  wiili  lliini 
(III  the  liiinliM,  of  111"  Slalc.  "  ( 'uloiici  I'.iirnrd.  svilli  alMUil 
one  liimilnil,  .-avcil  llirinsfivcs  liy  a  |ir(ii|iiialr  lli^iil.  llic 
rest  .-iicil  I'lir  (|iiaitrr.  lnil  niic  liiiiidri'il  and  lil'lci'ii  were 
Killed  I'll  I  111'  -I'lii.  a  lniiidnd  and  lilly  wiiv  loo  Kadly 
liarkrd  III  lie  linncd;  uiily  ririy-tiu'ci'  coiilil  lir  lirmiulil 
away  a><  |>ri-i)ni'is."  * 

'rarlrinn's  iiwn  an, mil  i>t'  it  is:  *' One  liiimlnil  niliiriM 
and  111.  II  Killiil  and  wniiiidrd.  two  liiindnil  luiMunrs, 
lilty-li\i'  liarrrls  uf  pnwdcr.  and  tut'nty--ix  wa^'oiis  ol' 
I'lutliin;:,  amn  and  (aiiip-ri|uipai,'<'.  ^vitli  a  l>rili,sli  lo-.-i  ol" 
Hixli'i'ii  kilii'd  and  woiimli'd  and  lliirly-onc  liniM-s.'' 

Sir  Henry  Clinloii  aiinonncid  llial  'rarleton  "  had  killed, 
wounded,  and  taken  pri.-nnor,  more  than  his  own  I'l.ice.'' 
('(irnwalli-  in  Ins  ik's[iatclios  lo  the  ministry  writes  :  -I 
add  the  hiirhi'st  eiieoniiiiin.s  oi  Lientenant-Colniiel  'I'arle- 
ton.  It  will  'i:ive  me  imist  m  nslhle  salisraeiiun  to  hear  that, 
vuiir  Kxeelleiiey  ha-  nliiaimil  i'or  him  Mmie  dislin^fiiisiicil 
mark  of  His  Majesty's  ra\or.""f 

The  luople  of  Ameriea  called  it  a  I'olii-hlooded  massaeiv, 
and  ••'rarli'titn's  (|iiarli'rs"  bocanie  a  liy-word  of  Innror. 

Cioneral  C'intnii  now  ivtnriied  to  New  York  and  lift. 
Cornwaliis  and  'I'arleton  to  complete  the  .snhjiii,'atioii  of 
the  Soiilli.  Their  cruelty  "as  overdone  and  workid  ilie 
oiher  way.  Marion  rejoiced  when  he  heard  of  the  .snlTer- 
ini:s  of  the  peo]ile  ;  "'tis  a  harsh  medicine,  but  it  \a  neees- 
.<arv.  Oiir  country  is  lik"  a  man  who  has  swaliowed  a 
morial  poi-oii.  and  unless  they  are  we!!  worked  and  scoured 
of  their  partiali;y  to  the  J';ii;(li>h.  tiny  ai'e  lost." 

Til  Coii'ires-:,  Houston,  the  deleirate  from  (u'ori;ia.  said  : 
••Our   mi-forlniii  s    are.    under   (J<'d.    the     .-oiiree   of    our 


THK  scoi  itdi;  or  Tin;  r\i;iii,iN  as. 


IfiJi 


lillc    III  Jxill 

.'iiti'il  imrili. 

tli-|iiilcli('i| 

•III'  Iniiiili'i'd 

I  with  lliciii 

,   SVilll   illiiiUt 

(•  lli;;lil.  llic 
lirictii  wi  re 
(■  l(Mi  liiiilly 

III'    ln'iillulll 
lll'ril   iillicrfH 

il   |iii-uiu  r.s, 
\v;i;,'i)tis   of 
rili.sli  liiv-s  of 
rsi's." 

"liitil  killiil. 
own  t'l  I'd'."' 
'vi'iti's  :  •■  I 
iloiM'l  'Parli'. 
to  lirar  lliiit 
i.iiiiiiL,niii«lR'(l 

I'll  iiKis-arri', 
uf  liiiiTor. 
)rk  anil    lift 

l)jllt,Mtinll  of 

wurkc'il  llio 
if  11 10  niillVr- 
it  il  \a  iicct'S- 
swalii) we'll  a 
1  and  si'Diiri'd 
t." 

I'oruiii.  sail!  : 
nrcr  ol'   our 


I 


L 


^al'^l\.■'      ''''"■  |""1'''-  ^^l'"",-lil  il|'  •"  ''"'■>  'I'"'  <l''1'«>'ii'i""> 

an.UniniMll.il   lo  li'Jii.  n-.w  ri.lli.'.l   I"  ili''  >t;m.i..nb  of 

llii'ir  own  (iiiinlrv.  , 

'I'll!'  lull  of  (  liiirli'lnii  liii'l  rcM  rlii'mliil  like  a  hmiiwI  ol 

,l„un.  ov.T  till'   lainl.     N"!  .^inn'  Hi.'  fall  of  Ti. I.ro.ua 

liail  ill-'  taiM'  ol'  llii'  riiniMir  rici'ivfl  f"  .si'Miv  a  Idow  ;— 
••  l)iii  uiii'M'  I'l'inainiil  lii'liinil. 

Wa-liiii^'loii  liail  ili'iailiiil  ?  nilliwaiil  from  lii-*  army. 
Il„.  siilimnil  cootinnilal  l.i'i,u'aii."il'  Mai'vlasi'l  ami  lU'lu- 
wari'  Irnops  iiniiir  ilif  alili'  (imiral  l>i'  Kali». 

(;rninil(ii'ii'ii.'.M'iirii''l  t'i'"Mi  Wa.liiii-rli.ii  the  cotiMniinil 
Ml'   till'   Soiilliirii    Di'parliiii'nl,  ami   wi.iiM    lia\i'  ohl.iiii.a 
it.  I, Ml  Coimri-s  i'.niorin.--  iii.s  la'i'ri'f.iici' ami  slill '■joimil 
lo'  il>  iilol,"  appoinU'il  (iinii'iiMiali'.',  wlinM'  "  lii;;ii  l>l;>^vll 
pride  was  811  80011  to  hrrak  iiml'T  liim."     I'  "a.^  a  fatal 
aiii.iiilim'nt   to  tin- juilicioiis  apiH-iiitiuiiit  of  tlir  inoil.-l, 
|,ra\i'.  anilcxpcniMici'il   Dr   Kill..     Nn|   only  ^l..  Imt    lliry 
niiliamlsoiiiclyniuilftiaU'i  imlipi'mliiil  of  tln'cniiiniamliT- 
in-chii'l'.     Ill' was  to  iTccivc  onlirs  frniii  ami  ivpoit  only 
to  ('Mii.-nvss.      It  nii.i^dit.  liuvo  Iti'Ii   liis  own  stipiilalii-ii. 
ill'  was  ili'siiniil,  liowi".!'!'.  to  u  Krirf  ami  iii;;lorioiis  caivi'r, 
with  till'  lar^'.'  aniliorily  ^'raiitiil   liim  liy  tlial  lioily.     In 
twosliort  nionllis  lie  lia'd   tin- inli  liiily  t<>  n-porl  lo  ('(iii- 
.jTis-    i'roiii    till'    iLMinmininiis    ti-lil   of   Canuli'ii,    '•  IKail- 
'(|uarli.'rs  in  tlu'  saiKUi',"— Hyin^- 


dates  Imil  ri'ci'ivi'il  llio  iinnoutici'iiu'iil  ol"  liis  appoint- 
nic'iit  to  till'  SuutliiTii  Dc'iiiirtiiK'nt  at,  liis  lionii'  in  Virj^inia, 

Ilis  lir.-l  tliontrlit- was  to  ol.fain  MnrLran's  sor\ in'S,  ami 
hi'  iiMi'.u'ilialily  solii'iti'il  of  Coiilm-css  a  loniinissioii  for  liiin 
as  HriLrailii'r  (Iciicral  in  tin'  roiitiiu'iital  sirvirc. 

Sliortly  lu'forc  this,  lir  liad  soui.dit  an  iiit('r\ii'\v  with 
Mur-^an.'  whni  the  liiii.-e  of  their  estraii.^enienl   was  ro- 


ll 


I  ! 


I 


i 


sKcstwssbwms&'v   -.^ 


m 


TIIF,  Mtnl  li<tF,  liF  Tilt;  f Vliiil," VVrf. 


u.'Wi'il.  Miir;.'iiM  |ii<Mi(II\  ii  immliii  him  i<\'  iIh-  iivircf* 
111'  liail  |M  rri'iim  I  iliiiiii;:'  lln'  i  iiiii|iiii'.'M  nl'  lliir;'i»\  in'.  i<tiil 
nf    llicir    iiii|M)il.iiiii'    III    rM|ii|)' lliii'.r    III-    -iiininlt  r.      II'' 

ri'tllilllll'il  littlrMnj'  till'  ilt^MMlilinh'  illlii  llljlt.-llMM'  of  llnl 
r\rn    IlilinillL''    llilll    ill    III'     olliriiti    inriilllil    of    lliiil     lilii-l 

iii'itin  i,iitii.-<  iilViiir  III  till'  \\;ir. 

t\  lllll     tlllJiiliN    liilliM    lojlM     niilKi',     lie    ||lli'|ll|i|i'i|,     iill'l 

Morpili  Ik'Hi  iliiil  liiiK',  uilh  III.  ir-iiiil  iiiiiu'iianiiiiily,  i|i.'<- 
liii-«ci|  till'  niiilhr  liniM  his  iiiinij  anil  ;ir(r|iiiM|  (Inlivs' 
(ivi'ilmv-  nl'  IVicinl  hip, 

CnllUH'    -.   Ilii«i\ir.    'Viilllcil    .MiipMIl    lllt'i    llic  Si'I'V  ici'    IH 

<'i>|i>iii'l  mils;  hill  III  liiM  rIci'iNil  liiiiiir  he  ii-m  rlcij  |ii<« 
tli;:iiil_v  hy  tli'i'liiiiii;,'  hi  t.">.  rM-idt'-*  I  he  •cii-t'  <>\'  iiijii-ii  iic 
lie  IVJI,  ti  \V('iy;lily  ri'iiMiii  fur  iliis  ciPinsi'  i'<'iniiiiii  il.  'I'lu' 
Siiiillici'ii  Sliiti'-4  had  Im'i  II  iii\ iili'ii  inio  niiliiary  ili.<4li'ii'l>, 
ill  ciitli  ol'  which.  (iirirrr.«i  had  hcni  ii|i|iniiili'd  hy  Sliiti' 
iiiilhin'iiy.  Ill' wiiiild  lie  oiitraiikid  h;  I  lir^c,  and  Milijri'l 
<  iiiiliiiiially  In  llic  niilds  dl"  \\\-  iiil'rriurs  in  iiiiliiiiry  !•>,• 
Iicriciii't'  and  ahilii\.  'I'lirHiiLilMiiit  his  ah'>lc  |irrvii>ii-i 
(Mii'iT,  <'vri'|il  whrii  ai  tin^  undrr  ihc  I'liniinandi'r-in-cjiirr, 
Mnr^iaii  had  cnnlcndcd  with  llii.s  disadvaiiliii,'''. — hi»"imi 
iiiiiiv  III'  Ihal."  Ilislicallli  alsn,  ihniiLrh  nnnh  ini|ii'<i\i'd, 
was  far  rnmi  ri'-t'-lalili-in'd. 

(iaii's  was  lain  In  .i;i>  wilininl  him  and  liirhl  his  nun 
lialllc.  ('ciiicril  and  srll-as-niancc  wml  uilh  him.  Imu- 
(•\cr;  Ihi'liJind  led  llu'  hiiiid.  On  his  w;'y  llirmi^h  \ii'- 
■.Miiia  ill'  nicl  his  old  Iririid  Lvr.  Ihr  Irailur,  now  in  jirivali* 
lil'i'.  whii  warnrd  (iaics  thai  hr  wuiiid  liiid  ( Urnwaiiis  a 
toii^di  iiitTc  III'  F,n^di>ii  href.  "'rnni:li,  sir."  n  plied  (Jalcs. 
"  iDii^di  I  tiitii  hrj;ad  I'll  li'iidrr  him.  I'll  make  /*//rM  ot 
liim  in  llni'i-  liinirs  al'tcr  I  srl  eye-  npnn  him." 

"  Ayi' I  will  yon.  indeed."  returned  r^ee  ;  "then  send 
I'or  iiie  ami  I  will  eome  and  help  yon  eat  liiiii." 

(Jutes  smiled  an  adieu  and  mde  olT.  lui!  fee  called  afti  r 
liim  ;  "'rake  care.  (Jutes,  lake  care,  le>t  \oiir  Xoi'liiei'ii 
laurel'  turn  lo>(iiiih(rn  willows." 


I  lie      fl'vifCrt 

i';'ct\  111',  ;'lii| 
rt  Inlir.  lit' 
i\\rv  III'    iml 

'     lllill      IIMi-l 

lii|ili'i|,    ;iii<l 

IllllllilV.    *\t!*' 

[ili'l  <l!ili's' 
ic  Hl'I'V  ici'  in 

ii-.»irl('i|   his 

III'   ill  jll;-!  ill' 

iiiiii'ii.   'riu> 

n'V  (lislrlcl-i, 
111    liv  Sliiln 

1111(1    Mllijrl'l, 

mililiiry  on> 

(Ir     |in'VinlH 

iltT-iii-cliii  r, 
<jc, — HO  "  no 
li  iiii|iniM'il, 

;lll  lii^  nun 
li  liiiii,  liovv. 
lu'dimli  \'ir- 
>\v  ill  |iri\iilo 
i  iiriiwiillis  a 

Illicit   (ijllt'-i, 

iiikf  pilthi  of 
*'  tlicii  scml 

•(•llllc<|   ilftrr 

III'   Xdiiiicvn 


'iiii;  Hdi  uiii,  ••f  Tilt;  •  .\uoi,is\-t. 


|i<:, 


•  <(;„t.-    llinM;'1i  II  C'li.-i'  liMil  iit  r».  wi»-  l.iii  ii  I'.icm 

i„  ,„,„,,.     II,.  W.I    ..r  il.iii    riH,|.|i:ir,ls  I  .•iM/N.l.ni;nr.l 

,,,.,,l„v  II.  H.nm   ii    M  !i  M.i-r-riMir   I tniim.ai..        .. 

,.,„|iri,.v..rlmn-liim.ll'  t U.n'H.hI  LmpM  ..n.ui.lU. 

VVMlll.l   •  .lull'  I..  I""l^  I'im  III   thr  fill-.'     So  ruhll.l.  (It    All-  It.' 

,.f  Mrt-.rv  lllill    ■!'    •!"•  «•"'"'-'  '"'■'""  ""■   ''•"■''  ''"'    "' 

(  ;,M,i|,i.  I .Im.i1  Million  iiii.iinv- 1 1'  lll..rn|  i  .  1.,;  i-n 

...SuiiliM'  risir.  lu.il   ,1, -ir-.y -■v-n  h">^. '"""• '""'  '■■"""■; 
,1,;,.    ,.„i,l.i   mA^i  an    Kn-li-linmn    in    In.^   HfJit    u,^sM'\ 

Cliarl.  -I.'"."*  .  ,     1  • 

(iiilrsin  <iiiHT  -■.liii'.'  n..  Ki.II..  Iniil  .lirlin.-.!  i..  luK"  I«h 

rouii,..!.  .....I   iM>l''."l  '•'■   I""' ''i"-    ''.Vl'"^^".^  '»'■   '^"   • 

„„.|    l.i.  .ilU.rr^  iMlvi.nl.  liiP.ii-l.   M   >;.litl.n..MH  ill..!  \n.H- 

,„..iviM„nc.l   rumiiiv.    I,r   hil    1.1^   ;iniiv    iln uli    ;•    |..>'" 

,,,,,,,,,Mslii.ivlli.'Vu..|v  iVii,;  I..  r.iiln|i..iMinn|.i|M;..lH-* 
„,„1  „,,,,„   ..i.rn.'ttitli   ni..hi—'  iH"!   "'"''■   ''""  ' "^ "■'-"■• 

Tii.r.M.iivi.ilnn.lH-  ii.ImIvs iiihI  .i,.nn  iiimiii-  m  ;u- 

C.n.iliii.  u.ivrni.r  l'..r  .  Iw  Im  |- lal  Hum  il..' I '- "l''. 

Maiinii  an.l    ll..rrv.   1^  fi.iv  .l..iMriiir.'.  |.iv-i„i..l   ili. m- 

H..lv.-loi;,k.'  liUM-nl'  l.nni.iiM  |.,.K..I1..  u.iIiuImi.i 

||„.V  liD.I  liivn  .i.rvin.,'i.siii.l'.  aii-l  l>.l^^'•">  ^^1"""  •'  ^-'■"' 
rni'iMlshij.  lia.l  >i'nn...'  "l'-     'I'l"'  ^"""1  "''''  '"''"  ;"'''  '  " 
,,;„.i  will,  Mill  Hill.   III.'  ini.r.'  iv.'ivi.  l-.;i'i-'  I  l.'l  "  !"•'•• 
sriiiiiiiiiit'llrfl  Nvv  I'Ml  to  ni.il  w>  m.'i''- " 
••  •  \V.'  Ili.|.ril  Inr  ImII.T  lliiiiv'-.' 

.-•(».  n..,"lir  ivpli.'il. 'It  is  inii..-.^-il'l.'.     W.iM''';."'!!.'. 
„„lha.siHr.x..ln.l...    T..-ii.orn.w,  ils.vmstl-.-lK''-'" 

1 ust.aii.l.  in  n.^j.l■l■-'..l.■nl.^^i'l.••nftl..•^•''^•;•l'''•''•'•y'' 

,„„.  si.!..     Th-  niililiHUill,  I   M.iMHMMi^   iiMial.  play  111.' 
hark  -an.i-il.ai   is.  -.t  ...it  of  Hi.'  srr:i|i.'  u^  last  as  tluir 

1 ...an   ram- tli.'m.     \M   ll.at.  y.ui  know,  won  t.lo  t.>i 

,,,'.      Ian.  anol.l  m.I.Ii.t  ami  .aniiot   run  :  Mini   I  l-.li.'s.' 
1   iiMv  H.nii-  l.nivc  I'.'ilows  wiHi  mr  ulm  uill  .laii.M.v  ni.' 
,ill,l„.  |a<t.     Wh.'ii  Noiilicarof  unr  i.atil.'.  y.-u  \vill  I'luli- 
ahiy  lu'ur  that  \.'nr  M  fii.'"'  I»«'  Ki'H'  '^  "'  ^''^'^^' 
*  Horry  "i<l  11'... »V  l.if,  of  .Vnrion. 


;  I 


U 


••«w-- --•*•*'  %^-%^^ 


^^ 


tKO 


TTTF  KrorrjiiR  i>P  TIIH  I'Allol.iMAH. 


*'  I  looki'il  lit  Miirioti,  iiiid  ilu>  (iMirn  rinnA  in  \m  ryo*.  Ho 

KaHt^aw  II,  ami  takiti'/  ii*  I*;,  llir  liatiti,  witli  a  IimiK  nf  miU 

lllUl!t»ll.fil|i|  :   '  .\n,  ;.'ililhll|.  II,  IM>rlll(>liii|l-'fi»nilr  I  HI  I  lluwv 

of  I'lniiri'uiiilittiiiii,  t  jiin  Iiii|»|)v.  To  ilic  Uihi' iri'i'UH'iihtit 
tliMTi'i'  fur  nil  :  ilii'ii  what  jov  tu  lie  iil>li'  \n  hurl  ilriilh 
willimil  tli^iiiii;,  !  TliiK,  llnilik  <iiH|,  jy  tny  fii^r,  Till' 
liuplMrifxp*  <if  mail  \*  u\\  Hi.-h— tlml  lia|>|>iii>  •<*  I  ilniti  in- 
•■•iiiMUlftil  ss'wU  filin'rri/.  To  in.-rl  i^it  jrrcal  iiii  lul  rnmi 
nil  iiitiiit'i  lit  |i(H|i|i.  I  will  ^''hitlty  iiK'<  I  the  Hriti'li  lo- 
iiiniriiu.  111  iiii\  iiijii.-*  \Jiati'M'i'.' 

'•  A*    lir   clMikr.    I     >ii\V    Huliictlilii;;   ill    |ii<i    liiuk    \\lihli 

ilt'iiioii-'lrati  i|  the  (livitiiiN  Ml'  \irtiu>  ami  llu'  iiimiui-liility 
of  lliu  smil." 


Tiirlftoii   \vii.'<  a  ;:uiitl  ciitic  in  uijl  ha  u  piml  l!;.''liti'i'. 

Ill'    |Mlilll.«     trill      ill    \\\H    **  ('aill|iui;.'ll,"    hilK'olll'K     llli^lllkl'  Itf 

hliiiliiii;:  hiai-i'll'  ii|i  in  ('liiiili  •Inn  in  hr  cuiiiiircil,  in-irail 
(>r  tl'iiii;,'  ii-i  Wii-iiiii;;liili  iliil"ulii'ii  In'  tiliiiiiilniiiil  New 
\i>\\\  I'nr  till'  •lulvt'V.'^  ami  \iiilr.|  i'|iiliii|i'||i!iia  in  ilu! 
Kiii/ji.-jli.  as  a  ciiiilnii'v  ('.iiiiM'  winijil  liavi-  iiiiaMiiilalth  I'r- 
cstalilifilifd  llii' siiMrii^'iily  of  (fnal  Mrilaiii  in  Aiiicnia." 

Of  (lativ,  lie  siilil  :  "  III' had  tint  sullii'iciit  lu'mtiaiinii 
to  pfrccixc  thai  l»y  a  fnrccd  man  h  iii»  iho  cnok,  lu'  fniiM 
have  pax-icd  l.oni  Wawdnn's  Hank  and  rcai  lied  Caimli  ii, 
which  uoiild  havi'  hccii  an  easy  cniicnicsl  and  a  fatal  lp|"\v 
to  the  Hritish.  fill'  llicir  hu-|iiial.  lia;r,L'aL''i'.  |irov|,»iniis  and 
anniiiinillMii  wvw  llicrc  iiiidt  r  a  uiak  ;;iiard." 

Iii'ti  ad  uf  thi-.  dates  made  an  iiiinii'aiii'  ;_'  hail  uf  two 
dii\,j.  which  cnalilcd  I  he  British  ii.>  reinforce  and  seemv  a 
fuNnralile  pndlii>ii.  On  the  iiij^ht  of  tlii'  lifleeiitli  of  Aii- 
^i'list,  at  tell  o'cinek.  (tales  pill  his  army  on  the  mareli, 
iiiid  at  two  next  inornin;.'  they  >liiiiil.led  iipnn  the  J5rili.di, 
mlvaiieiii;:  to  meet  thelii. 

The  ndvance  of  (Jales'  army  were  militia,  wlio  had  never 


I  hlK  r\t"t.    Do 

II  llMlk  l)(  lllli- 
i'llll'  lllll    tllDH* 

III'  ii'l*i'MiriiUh» 
*  nn  1 1  ill  lllll 
ly  I'u^i'.  Till' 
•^  I  tlii'iii  ill- 
(III  i'\ll  fi'iiiii 
1'  Hriti-li  lu- 

'    Iniik     whii'll 

iiiitiiDrliiiity 


L'lioil    li:;litfr, 

V      llli'lMJM     llf 

iit'i'il,  iii-li';iil 
inliiiiiij  New 
'l|)!ii:i   III    llu) 

lilNiiiiiilliiy   I'r- 

iii  Ami'l'icii." 

I  |ii'||('l|';iliiitl 
I'lv,  lie  cuiijil 
h*'i|  C'llinli  II, 
I  11  I'illlll  lilnw 

mvl.'iniis  II  III  I 

4 

„'  IkiII  (if  luo 
iiinl  .sciiri'  ji 
•liilli  (iT  All* 
till'  iiiiirili, 
I  I  III'  lii'ili.'lt, 

111)  lull!  never 


Tin:  HioniflK  «>»'  illK  tAIUM.IS.SK. 


IH? 


••  i,iirii.l.'.l  topHu'i-  Ik  r..iv."  H^.mo  Hl»..f«  wom  i»xi-l.iin«.-.l, 
Imii  I.MII,  Hill.-  mlji.iini.'.lu.lii'H  until  .ln\'i^lit.  l^  M'!.'* 
Ih.  •tiiuiliiin  111   iifJet  Munuli  l.»iMf.».\  \\w  iHKit-  .»»  the 

BimUv,?*!!!!!!.'.'  IiimI !'■  i>""  'MikM  «i'''  •'"'"■  I'"" '••'■'» 

mill  itnil  u-Im'I  fui-  I'.iuf  liiiiiiln'l  I 'I'  «'•  •>"«i"l'»  " 

Hiiii.|i  I'lhM.v  nf  Ml. IV.  iin.l  |.f..»i»l.»ii.  ..II  llu-  HMi.  ironi 
l'|iiirt.'i«i"ii  ti.'lli.'  ni'n|.  lit  ( iiiii.lHi.     Ii  «ii^  ttmiii. '  . 

Juit.'.  rniiml  him  .If  Nulh  ImH  llir..'  ilnmMin.l  iiimI  lllly. 
Ill  for  iliii\.  U-'  |.'im|"MMly  tMliilini 'I  *.  •'riM'"'"  "i" 
I'lii.ii^'li  li.r  inir  i.m|H.^'."    I'l.riiwuUi*  Ul  K-«  il'."'  '«" 

tlioti-'tii'il.  ,        ,    ,  .  ,     , 

<;al.'^  iiiiil  II"  I'lii'i  I'l'  I'Ulll''.  "ii'l  »""•>  I"""""  I'''"''' 
wi'll  in  til.'  mil'.  l»..  Kiill..  ut  tin- l.i.l  m.-tmni.  ihIvIm'.I 
,|„„  ii„.  army  Mii.iil.l  fall  I'^'k  1-.  Ihid-'V^  Mill-,  v^li'i'" 
tl,..y  ruiilil  ..crui.y  a;i  tMi'll-nt   i"-iii"i'   ninl  iiwait  lliu 

llriiiili  aiiiiik.  ,  ,i    .  -. 

Uiil.'^  in-l  "Ills  rj.iliilliM'  n.im-I.lint  l.inli'.l  that  it 
wiiM  iirunipl.'.l  I'V  rnvvanlin';  wIkivhi.'m.  Hi.'  I.ras.-  "M 
(i,'Mi-ral  li'iip.'.!  tV..iii  l.i^  l>"r-"  iii"l.  I'li"'i"-'  '"""""  "'  ""' 
li.'iiili.r  lii-n.ninianil.nlnHi.l  w  iili  waiiiiHi  :^- NNiH.  •"' • 
ti  iVw  liniirs  will  lit  111  M'l'  win.  aiv  tin'  I.imm'." 

(i'lt..^  i,-MU"l  II"  "nlfi-  f"i'  il"'  '""•'"•  i"""*';:iii;  "'i'' "' 
l,i^  utVu'.r-  sii;rL'.'.-t''l  ll''it  tin' l>ri^'i"l<' "f  Siovni^*' inilitm. 
tlif  WTuki'.^i  III'  111.'  ariii\.>lii'iil.l  au.i.'k;  l.ui  ('..niNuilliM 
M'r\  li.'M  lriMi|H.  iiinl.r  Ha'  a!.!.'  ('"L.tu'l  Weh-ler.  w.TO 
thi'nwii  a-ain^i  Unni.  a  nl  ill''  IkHIL'  ivally  n.ninunn'.l 
Willi  tliolli'.'lit  "i'  ill!'  militiii:  'raiUt'Hi.  s\iili  1ih  cuMilry, 
purMl.'il  Ih.'ni  tliirlv  mil.-,  .nltiii:-'  ilnm  ilnwii  wiiIh.uI 
liieny.  <iat..^  ilnl  willi  lli.'iii.  iht  .H'l  la'  luill  nnlil  In- 
mi.liVil  llill-l."n.ii-li,  N.ii'lli  Caioliiui.  ami  ii-  was  >anl 
"llial  In-  killi'.l  llim-  li"i>e^  in  lii-'  Hii-'lii-" 

'I'll.'  ll\iiiu'  will'-'  fi.iniH.fi'il  I  wn-lliinls  nl'  llii'  army.     Me 

Kail,  aial    l"is    .Maivliiml  iiial   D.  lawart'   li p-t   niiKnin,! 

fo  y^nr  Au>rrlnn>  Imvn:  'I'll.'  wliul.'  Mrili-li  i.nuv  ""^v 
,,„,„.,,1  „|„,n  tli.in.  N.'V'T  \vas  L.tirr  li-lHin;.'  «l"m'.  ainl 
(lie  Hriti.-h  loiL  nearly  live  luiiulrcl  kl'..iv  llio  Aiuennind 


i  .1 


m 


ffm  MArRilK  W  TTIR  r\|)n|,IVA)i. 


^l^>!l|^•||,  T>f  Kiilh  Ml.  |»i  diil  hy  i'Icvpii  wmn.tU.  Ho 
illt'il,  II  ft  «  (l;i\'4  iiCii'r,  II  priMiiti'r.  ImK  ••  Ihi'  iiiti»»i)|iitrnl 
fi'iiinl  itf  IllN'iry." 

A  Hriitpli  oltlitr  n>ii)h>l> il  uitli  him  for  liif  iiil<fiiriiMH' ; 
III'  n  plli'il  !  "I  iliiiiiti  >"ii.  Ar,  for  yn\r  jjimruiM  «uii. 
|Nitliy,  1)111  I  i|ii<  ilii'  ilt'dili  I  iihw»\M  |)iu\><t  iWi—iiu'  ili'ulli 
of  II  «iiMifr  li^liiiii^  for  llii'  immIiM  nf  iiiuii." 

Hy  nil  iiniiiiitti*,  IhiiIi  MiiiMi  iiii*l  Aincricitii,  (iiiit'<i  IumI 
diMii'  I'M  rviliiii;/  ill  lii«  pow.  I'  til  I  ii-iii'i-  III.'  \  irriiry  n|'  Corn, 
uiilli^,  'riit'.iiiii'<-iiiii  itii'l  ilh't  iiniiiM'«'>iiiii  ui  I'l'  |i<  rt'i'i  1,  In 
u  IrlliT  froiti  Ui*iii>;'iit  Nil"!!  of  Nnrtli  Ciiriilint  tt*  Wimliiiiif* 
fiiM.  iiiiiii 'iliiiti'lv  ;ifti  r  till*  iji-ii-iir  ol'  (' nii'liii,  lif  ri*" 
\'u\\*  till-  !>itiiiitiiin.  Till'  o|i|M-iiiMi>tl  |iiti|)|i'  Will'  Jiiit 
lii'^iiiiiiii^  In  lift  n|»  llirir  tniMl"  iifti  >  llu'  full  ui'  ('liiii'lr>'« 
loll.  |li<  Kiilli''4  iiriiiy  liml  uiluiiiriil  to  I'lilic  UImi',  iiikI 
l»y  ilii*  lui'l   I'lroMi'iil  iVniii  ilii'  rill  my  om-  nf  iIm-  iiihj*! 

flMlilflll  I'l-uioil-'  of   l||i>  Sliih'.      Kif-iilii   IIiIm,  llli'  lllllilill  of 

llii'   iwo   Sttiti'-,  iiuili'f   llnir   liiii|i'ii4 — Marion,  Siiinfi'r. 

Pirki'llo,  liml  Willi:  III*  IiimI  Ii:|i|  IlilK'  Hi'MI'lll  ^ki^tlli^lM'rt 
\Mill  till'  lllilM,\.  IIImI  ll;|iliiirll  f-llrr'-Hl'llI  ill  llll.  Allail'M 
Wffi'    lii'^rillllilliU'   to  WillP  IV  IIIOi*t  fllVnrillill'   IIH|H'»'t.  IiihI    iml 

(lull'."*  nixliiy  ihriiiril  to  risk  llic  full'  of  iIh'  hM>  ('iiriilniU'* 
oil  II  f'lwjl'  liutllf.  "  i  lliiiik  I  mil  jii.Miiliiil  ill  •aviii;.'  iliiil 
III'  |iiil  nil  to  ri.<k, — Ih'cuusi'  no  pri'vioiiM  I'lTi'iliiul  dhii^iiivh 
wi-ro  tukrii  to  ;<tivi' till' litiv;j:ii}ri' :  tmrilol  liuni  llml  any 
]ilnri'  wii-i  iisi;'iii'ii  I'nr  llll'  iiriny  to  nlri'iii  to  in  ra^i'  nf  mi-- 
fitrliiiir,  Al  ilir  lli^'lit  III'  llll'  niilitia.  if  tlic  ri';.'ular-  liinl 
lii'i'ii  nrili'ivi!  In  nlivat  In  ii'iiirlcy'rt  MilM.  Ilvi'  inilc-i  in  llnir 
I'l'iir.  iMi.'j.iilily  all  iiii'.'lil  lia\i'  luiii  .-avi'il.  I  am  tuM  thai 
willi  oiii'  liinidrril  iiicti  till'  iia."-*  nailil  JniM'  lu'cii  ilrl'i'inli  i| 
iijjriiin.st  ill''  wlinl,'  Ui'itisli  aniiy.  *  *  *  f  sir.  \\r  liail 
I  \|iinilril  ii|i\vai'iNnf  Iwriily-llv  '  III  illinii-  of  ill  •liar- llll  that 
ariny  ;  Wf  liaij  ilraiiiiil  ivi'ry  sonri'c  tiiiil  cNliaii-ti'il  I'Mry 
fiiiiil  in  I'liirlia-in;.' ti  iitH.  wa;.'oiw,  lim'scs.  iiriii.''.  ainniiiiii- 
tii'ii,  jiri'vi>ioii-<,  H|iirit»4.  Hii^rnr.  rull'i't'.  {•aniii-ri|iii|ia;;i'— in 
sliuit.  I'VoryllsiiiLr  apin  rlainin;^'  to  an  army,  ami  in  u  Min^rln 


\i 


Till:  ^lonntr  or  rnr.  i'\miin>t». 


\hU 


llli'fnrMMIC  i 
III  IMIH    xUtt* 

>r— till'  itiiiili 
III,  (U\U'*  IiimI 

(on  nf  CkPII. 

!■  |ll'|fl    it,  til 

I  Id  WiiMliiit;;* 
ii'K'ii,  In-  ft'- 
li'    \v(  rt'  Jii^t 

I  hI"  ('liiil'lc-'* 

<•  IMsi'i',  mill 

llf     till'     IIIHMt 
lIlC   lllllllill  of 

Htii,  Siiintfr, 
il   .•kiriiii*lii'4 

all.      AllaiiM 
Hit,  liinl    iiol 

UO  ('ill'll|lllll4 

II  MIUII<.'  lllllt 
illlll   lllt'll>«lll'i'M 

iit'ii  lllllt  iHiy 

II  ClIMI'  llf  iiii  — 

rcj.'iiliir"  liiiil 
iiill("«  ill  llicii' 

mil  \n\i\  lllllt 
pccll  ilrlrllili  ij 

Sir,  \\v  liml 
Inlliir-mi  (lull 

llJIII-lftl  cMI'V 

rill.'',  ainiiniiii- 
-i'i(iii|i!i;;('— ill 


liittr  linunill  *..-  I"  .i»|.l"«-ly  M  •«»'!  III.  .irii.v  .i.ihllill.U."!. 
Tla- iiilliliH  -nilMr.'.l  l.iih.'ir  hniii.  •.  .).iv  ..liiijf  t.  m.i  ut 
II,.  V  tt.  Ill  5  Uio  in'Mliir*  iitri'uiMl  oil  on.  r  lit.  ir  <"  i"  i»l 

,„  Mill. '.Mijrli.  t«..  iMiiMlr-.l  iiii.l  lll'tv  mil.'*  tnmx  lUo 

,,U r  ,i..ii.»n,  wlim.  (l.'iM'iul  tlui.'.  iir.lv. . I  ilitv  .l.s- 

Itfur  llu-  IhiHK  I.'UnIiiK  »M  1I>'  ru.i|.l|'y..lHiit..tli.  la.. 
HUH'*  uf  till'  Hh'tlV."*  , 

'IV  miim||iWk-1  lU'iuial,  IIihukIi  -hIx  iv.,uii..l  loh  |M..'t 
|.»  ruti'r.'HN  rrpoiti'il  u  r.'U.lii)^  aruiwai'il  lu  It..' .'Mill- 
lim..'l.'r'i.|..'lii.'r  :  ••  If  I  a..'  >.  t  in  r-  i.'l.  r  p»'"l  ^  »;^''''"  »" 
Ili..rnit..l  SJitt.'i'.  il  will  U'  iim'-^iin  U  Mm»u1.I  Im'  -.■.  h 
llmi  I  liiiv''  iIh-  Mii-pot'i  '»r  r..iiyr.  -^  im.l  \»ur  Km'-IU  lu'.v. 
ntl,.i'«ir  -.1111.'  iniivti.iiik  lli.'v  |.l.u'.'  my  Mii»'nwM  l.y 

|,|,„„i„j;  hi..,  ai.'l  ll'ni-.  r..'..i. U'l  llu'in^'lv''"  •'►  '"V'»f. 

»»l  vi.tt,  xlf.  v^ill  l"iH"yii'>'"ti^  «••''"''  ""  •"»*  '""""•'» 
,„H.!ir  hu.'li  ili'iv  ••'■."'"'  *^'"  ^l"'«  >'""'  yi''iiiii<<<  "f 
^^,,l  I'lithcr    by  i'i"l.'i'ii'i«  iliuii   ..liglitiiin'  tiK'  »uU,mi- 

'"lli'ii  III.'  ili-ii-t.T  .IM  ii-l  lliii'l'  Willi  tlif  .lay  ..f  (  ;.iih1.  n. 
'rarlt'l.iii.   ivliiniiir-'    fi'ni.i    tlii'    l«iir-iiii   ..f   <lahV   ll,\iii;x 
iiniiv.  I.ai'ii.'.l  thil  Siinil.'i'  liu«l  iiil.'m'|.U"l  ninl  .  ,i|.tm'.  .1 
,|„.',..iis..\  ..r  fni'lv  wajMiiHMl'  lli'lli^IiMiiipli.-  ami  lai^.•n 
II  Iiim.li-i"i  pri^nta  i'^     SuliitiT.  'lavii;,'  laanl  "f  \\-.-  .l.'l.ut 
„r  (lal.'H.   I.ial  ivlnal.'.l   nf  Uf  Wul-iv...     Tai'l.t..ii  wiim 
u\i\'\.'\  iii"'i.   liiMmc'k.      Siiiiit.T.  MipiK'-iii'-'.  I'f'I'HMy. 
Ilia,  il'u'  Kriiili  «a\ali\v  w..iiM  laK.'  a  .l.iy  nl"  ivsl  ufLr  llio 
l.iidl...  ami  Imviiij,'  liiiii»*'lt  iini.l.' a  inari'li  .^f  f.ii'ly  iiiiIch, 
liall.'.l  at  llu'  Mii(Mav  laut.  |urliis..vvii  iv^l  ami  I'.'l'r.'.liimi.l 
mill  fi'll  ra-l  a-U'.'|.  in  Hh'  'l''"'-'  "f  "  ^^"-"""     ''''"■''••'»"•  ''y 
I'uiro.l    miirrli.'s  |.-'mi.nl  ,>mi.l.iil>  iM"'"   lli'in.  <li-l"''^'''' 
,„„1  ,l,..tr..v.'.l  liif  .l.'liicl.iiU'lil.  killiii;.'"!,,.  l,iiialr..l   nihl 
jillv  .III  tli.^l'Hl.  taUiii^'tliv.'.'  Iiiiialri'-l  i'ri>niu'M.  n'l.'a-iii;r 
airili,.  Hiili-h  an.l  l-.rv  pri-niaTs.  aipl  i'..'..\.'rin;:  ail  Hi" 
wu«'.Jiia  MiM'Ui'  I'u.l  .'aiiliiinl.     Tai'Kt.a,  l..,-t  uii.' ..tli.'ir 

*  >/(,f;'^.v' r,.;'.  ii-nh  Wimiiiii'/fni,.  v.L  III,  |i.  no. 

I  >;./'/•/•;' for.  .nVA  ir'.'s/,///;//'i/(,  V.il  111,  i-  7<1. 


1 1 

t  i 
t 


t 

1      .; 


.11 


r.io 


■VUV.  SCOrWfir.  OV  THR   CAUOMNAH, 


iiml  Iwr'.ity-niiu'  Killed  aiwl  woiiiuKd.  Coniwiilli.^,  roport- 
inu:  litis  iilViiii',  -iiys  :  '•  'I'liis  iicliini  is  Ino  lirilli;iiit  to  iin.l 
.my  (■(miinriil  of  luiiu'.  iinil  will,  1  doiil)!  imt,  lii^lily 
nriiiiiiiiniil  l/uutiMiMit  Colciu'l  T.irk'tDii  i<>  lii.s  Majoiy's 


I;i\nr. 


'I'liis  WHS  Sumter'.-,  first  oiiedtinler  Avilli  'riiilehm. 
•' 'I'vo  (lavs  iil'ler,  ho  rudu  into  (  liarUitti'  iiluiie,  willioiit 
liat  or  sadille."  f 

*  Tiirhtuii')!  CiiiitiKi.'i/ii.  p.  t::8.  f  Ilnirrnft.  Vol  X. 


wiilli.J,  I'oimrt- 

it   iidt.  hi^lily 
I  Ills  Ma ic:-! >•"•■< 


iluin',  uilliuiit 


oCt,  Vol   X. 


\ 


WASHINGTON.  Si:.MTER. 

(■ARTISAN    l.EAUfc^RS   Ul-'   TUJi   SOUTH. 


/ 


>>^\ 


XXI.— K.so. 
PATIUOT  LKADKIIS  OF  TIIK  SOl'TII. 

/"^ORWVAM.IS  iM.w  I'iAi  liimscif  nt  lil.i  n  v  l<i  .li>|,iii(h 
\..y  III  tlu'  lllilli-lry  lllilt  (il'iir;:-!;!  ;ili(l  llir  ( ';ii  u|i  |i;is  Wi'l'O 
"  I'li'il  ill  iMitr  liinrr."  Ill  tlirir  eyes  lu' WHS  I  lie  diir  iiuiii 
''oil  v\li()Mi  iv,-tt'il  iIk'  liDpcs  of  llic  iJiinisiry  for  \\\v  siio 
c'l'ssl'iil  k  riiiiiiiitiMii  uf  till'  w;ir." 

He,  wiili  'rarlclKii.  liiid  (Inidcd  ili;it  ;iii  irnii  vokc-lidulil 
])v  put  iiiMiii  llic  |H'()|)li' of  the  South,  lie  ordi'ivil  coui- 
ni:iiiilcr<  of  all  posts  "  (o  iniiirismi  all  wlr>  would  not 
take  up  anus  for  I hf  kiii^',  and  to  sci/c  or  destroy  tlu  ir 
wlede  propniy.  Any  luilit i;i  man  who  had  horne  arms 
with  the  lirilish.  and  ai'terward  joined  the  Aiiierieaiis, 
slioiild  lir  liaiiiivd  iiuniediatt'ly." 

His  underlinjrs,  lory  jiimI  IJritish.  all  throuirh  <i.'  Slate, 
lieltered  liy  liis  iiistriiet ions.     They  patrolled  tlieeouni,;- 

■  and  iieai", — hurned,  ravaged,  and  put  to  death  wlioiu 
liiey  would. 

"In  violation  of  airiT'enieiifj,  flie  ConlineJital  soldier-j 
who  capitulated  at  ( 'luirksloii.  nineteen  lunulred  in 
nuiuher,  were  transferred  to  wretched  prison  -hips,  whero 
they  weri'  joined  hy  hundivils  more,  taken  iit  ('amd(>u. 

In  thirteen  months,  one-third  of  them  h,id  perished  liy 
inaliicnant  fevers.  Others  wei'e  impressed  into  Hritish 
iia\al  service,  or  taken  liy  violence  (m  h.iard  fninsiiorls  and 
forced  to  ,-erve  in  I'ritish  iviximeiits  in  Jamaiia.  Ofinoro 
than  tliree  thousand,  all  hut  .seven  luuudreil  wi're  thus 
made  wav  with."  , 


lot 


I'ATitioT  i.i:ai»i:kh  oi'  tmi:  soitii. 


Y(>M1h' S.iiiili  r  •iii;iiiicil  iinc'ui'iiii'rt'il.  iiml  moved  for- 

Willtl   I"  lllT  ilnlr|ii||il(lnc  lliliill'^ll   llic  liil|.'IC~|   .(ilT.iWS  III' 

(•i\il  Uiir.  Mi'iiiliri's  (if  llic  »iiiiir  t'l'iiiilic-  were  iiiT;i_\ci| 
ii'/ai!i>:|  i'UiU  iiilic'i';  iii'iuiil)cirs  oiiihiwcil  nmi  Mi\ii'.iily 
liiili'lu'i'td  I'.icli  ullui':  llu'  liiinl  liliizi'il  v.iili  I  111  I'll  i  11,1,' 
li(»iiii'slt'H(Is  ;  vvoiiicii  ainl  cliiMitii,  nariil  in  lii\iii\,  uni' 

(l;-i\r!l  I'lMIII  lllr'r  IliilllCS  illnl  .-IliMrril    lull'   chl'l    lioiilr  I'nr- 

I'-i  lii'cs.  wliili'  liirjT  n'Wiinls  were  oll'i  inl  \i\  the  iJriii-li 
tnitlKiriiii'.-*  tn  lliDsc  wliii  .-lidiild  iiiliinii  ul'  ihc  pliici'  nt" 
{■iiiiciMliiii'iit  ul'  ciittlc,  liiir..(<,  iic,:;riir-:.  iilali'.  liniiils  nml 
iIl'I'iI,-,  (if  flic  |iiiiri(its  (if  till'  Ciirnliiiiis. 

Of  Sdiilii  (';iriiliiiii.  Miiiicrdl'i  sivs;  ••  Lci'l  in  licr  nwii 
rc^iuircc-.  il  uiis  I  lirniiuli  IiIiumI-IuiI  iiiid  ilr\;i-l;ii  inn,  iniil 
llic  (li'|iilis  (if  \vr(tclii'i|iic..j<.  thjii  lu'T  :itizni-  U(  iv  hi  liriiii; 
licr  liiick  tn  li'.T  place  in  ilic  |{c|iiililic.  Iiv  llicii'dwn  luiMic 
Cdiirau'c  Mini  sclf-(lc\()lidii,  luiriini  sujji  rnl  iiii>n\  (IikI  iland 
niiirc.  (Ill'/  iir/ii'iri'/  iikuc,  ///'Hi  tliv  uii'i  <'!'  tiiiij  i.lli'  r  S/n/r.'" 
'I'iicv  rallied  In  tlii'  slaiidard.--  (if  tlicir  |i;ilii(it  leaders: 
Williaiii-.  KavidMiii,  I'iekeii-,  l)a\ie,  Suiiilel',  and,  most 
illii-li'idus  dl'  nil.  I'Vaiiei.^  . Marion. 

Of  rich  lliiiriieipii   lilddd.  lie    ri'|ire.-eiited   the  viri  lies  (if 

throe  jfcnciMlidiiy.  and  Ids  iiaine  de.-erves  td  >taiid   next  fn 

(lidsc  lY'  ,\M(irv:aii.  Siark  mid  \Va\iie,  aniuim'  (he  j.M'eal   lit'ld 

e'.eeiitivc.v  df  the  liivdjiil  idii.     lie  was  .sniail  in  sialiire.df 

(  lelieale  |ili\ .->i'|Ue.  and  i;vii!lc  tn  tendcriie«s.     Armed  willi 

I'll  kniuii!  1\   \  in  lies  (if  cdiiraire.  triil  li  and  inmdr.  he  |irdvi(l 

'liiiii.-elf  the    fi'iemi    and  |irdteetdr  (d'    the   weak    and   np- 

].ire.-,;c(]  ;  lie'wept  with  the  wee]iin,n'  indthers,  widows  and 

d,rphans  df  h.'s  siiirei  iiiir  cdniitrv.  a.id  ilnw  to  hini-elf  the 

IdVe  and  (Mnlidence  ol'  all. 

'  Sd.iii  after  the  fall  oF  rharleston.  Sumter  liail  luiverrd 
'.•oiiiid  the  lirit|>h  camp  so  iniicli  to  their  aiitidy.inee  that 
t'drnuallis  dispjilclied  'larK  tmi  to  desiroy  liiiii.  sayiiiu-; 
"Snmter  has  ce^'lainly  heeii  (inr  ;j:reatesl  plague  in  this 
('diintrv."  Hcwas.sddn.  lidWevi  r.  fdiced  td  recall  Tarletdii 
I'd  deal  with  a  stil,'  niori'  wary  aiitai,'dni,sl. 


ITII. 

mill  iiKMcd  for- 

■•I(~l    MMTiiW-  ni' 

''    Were    iilT;i_\ci| 

iiiiil    Mi\ii'.!i'ly 

V.  illl       I  III  I'll  i  11^' 

ill  lii\iir_\.  ui'ii- 

chl'l    llC-iilc   |nr- 

Ipv  till'  Hi'ili.-li 
•  if  I  he  pliici'  of 
laic,  lioiiils  ami 

,(il  111  licr  iiwn 
lr\ii-i;ii  iiHi,  ami 
I-  Ui  IV  111  liriiii,' 
iicii'  (iwii  lui'dic 
iiiiifc,  iiiid  i/iirrd 
inii.lliT  Slulf!" 
|ial  lint  Iradci's  : 
lU'i*.  and,  iuu;^t 

I  Illl'  virtues  of 
(>  .■"lilinl  next  ((» 
;■  I  he  jrn'al  lii'jd 
ill  ill  sialiirc.  of 
i.  AriiK'd  with 
iiiKir.  he  in'iivi-d 
weak  and  np- 
'IV,  widows  juhI 
■  t(»  liiiii-i'lt'  (lio 

tor  liail  hiivi  r.d 

iiiiiinyaiiii'  thai 

y  liiin,  sayii!;^-  : 

lilauiic  ill   I  his 

ri'call  'rarlctdii 


I'ATuiiir  i.i;m»i;i!s  uk  tii!;  .s(»itii. 


I'.iM 


"Ci.Iiiiul  Mil-ion."  wnili'  CnriiWallis.  -  so  \vriiii;:lil  <iii 
ll„.  miiiilsor  llh'  iH-ipli',  ihai  liiiTc  was  scaivrly  an  in- 
l,.,l,iiai,t  luiur.ii  111.'  iVdfcaiid  llu'  Sanliv  thai  wii-  not 
ii,  anii^  a-ainsl  lis.  Tin y  <vcn  cros-cd  the  SanltT  ami 
niii'inl  liTi.ir  to  111!'  -ale- of  CharlrMoii.  TlifV  aiv  lliu 
Ninu'>IiilV  as  tiiiniHi.-i' nil  .NimTiran-." 

'I'o '|'ari,.| (MrnuallL- uioir:  -I  iiin.M  mih  i  nls  In']"" 

voii  will  ):<'i  at  .Mr.  .Marion.     1  am  ah\a\s  .-an-iiiiu'  where 


.. .,, 


von  iii'i'  coiiii  Tiiiii  ,    ,  ...       » 

'    Tarlelon  liiiiiseU'  |'iy-  Irihiile  lotho  <' zeal  .ind  aluliiy  ol 
>|,..  M,in ■■  liir  with  all  lii>  .-Kill  and  ciiiihiii;.:  he  Tailed  lu 

lri:|i  iiini.  , 

lie  was  .-o,,n  a-aiii   ivealle.l   loaileiid   to  Sninler.  who 
had  jiisi   di  IVateil  a    i'.riii-h  delaehiiieiil    under  Weyines, 
amrConiwallis    writes  :- I    wi-h    \oii    wnnid    uel    lluve 
K..non<  and  iii\ide  voiiivelf  iiitn  ihr.e  piirl,^.     We  eaii  do 
nulhini,'   withiint    von."      Tlii^  lime    '["ailemn   advanced 
Kwilllv?  hill   eaillioii.-ly.   "pon  Siiinler.  who.    Ihoii-h    su- 
perior in   iiiiniliers.  promiitly  iH'iiivd.  and   intreiiehid  his 
i'u'.ce  ill  -ood   iioMliiiii.  ii>in,i:  some   lng-lioii>es   I'or  harri- 
cades.     Nulliiii'.:daiinled  iiy  his  ilisadvaiila,i.'e  <d'  niiniiiers, 
Tarlelon  rollowed  lioMly.  and  at  la-l,  leavin.ir  his  inl'antry 
,„,|,i,„l,  |„.  ,„;i.i,,  an  niiexiieeted  pii>li  with  only  one  Inin- 
dred  and  seveiilv  eavalry  and  ei,-,dily  mounted  men.    Coni- 
ini;  np  with  tllem.  he  allaeked   viuoroii-ly.     The  Anier- 
ieims   inllieleil  heavy  lo.^s  niioii   the  enemy,  li'      nnfnrli!- 
iiatelv,  Sumter  wa-  severely  wminded  early  in  theaelioii, 
ai'id  the  whole  liand  retivat'ed.  and  even  llioii,trlit  il  wi>e  to 
disperse  lor  the  lime,     lioili   claimed   the  vielnry.     Corii- 
wallis  makes   his  aekiiowle.l-meiil  ^  lo  Tarlelon^  in  llieso 
wenN  :  "  1  will  not  lire  yoii  with  a  ivpetition  of  my  olili- 
Katioiis  to  von.     I  linsl    '\u\\\\\\\   liiid   that    i   shall  never 
r.iiuvl   them."     To  the  liriti-^h  ministry  he  wrote  :  "It  is 
n<it"ea-v  for  laeiitcnant-Coloiiel   Tarlelon   to  add    to  the 
repntalion  he  has  acipiiivd  in  this  province.     With  a  small 
^  Tiii-Uliiii'.i  f'iiii(i>in!/iix.  ' 


1U4 


rATiii  IT  i.i.Ai>i;iis  oi"  Tin;  soith. 


force  nf  i-iivjilrv  lie  jMir-niiil  iiml  tlcfi'iitcil  Siiintcr,  ulio 
hail  II  tli(iii«imi|  111' II,  hliillrri'il  in  lo;;-lii»ii-(-i.  in  a  ."-liitili,' 
liD.-iiidii.  'I'liM  ticliiiii  i<  II  |ir(ii>r  of  tliat  s|iiril.  iiinl  IIiumo 
liilftll."',  wllicll  lilll-t  iTIiiltr  till'  liiu-t  I'lliriciit  .si'i'viiv  III 
Ills  coimln'."  * 

Oil  till' ii|mii'i>:iiImiI' <iatrs' nriiiy  til  ('aiiiilcii.  Mariim  IwhI 
ciiiiu'  iiHii  lii.1  iMiMp  Willi  his  tatli'i'iU'iiiuliDi)  initiliii  liri< 
^zaili'.  As  his  incii  wnv  hallcs-'.  Marlon  "look  part  with 
Ills  hrclhrt'ii."  ami  inanluil  hallr-s  al  their  head. 

They  ami  their  eoiiiiiiamler  ilrew  i'ortli  oiil\  the  semii 
ol'lhal  tine  ,i:eiilleiiiaii  (iates,  who  had  im  ilisliiiel  to  di- 
cover  either  altility  or  iioliilii\  in  lionorahic  niu's.  .Marinii, 
will)  knew  the  liearl  of  the  inilitiaiiieii,  iiiid  knew  how  to 
///////  and  ciiiii/itrr  with  thctn,  iii'  :ht  hase  Haved  the  day  at 
Caniden.  in  spite  id'  dates;  hut  that  mi-i/nirrn/  sent 
.Marion,  with  Majnr  Horry,  on  the  iiseli'-is  errand  of  de- 
Ktrovinif  the  lirid;,'es  and  hoals  hehind  the  Uriti-h  In  pre- 
\eiit  their  »»eapi'.  After  dates' defeat.  Marimi  waylaid  a 
15rili>h  j,aiard,  who  were  ei.ndMciinir  some  of  ihe  eonliiirii- 
lal  prisoners  from  Cainden  lo  ( 'liarleslon.  ili>pei>eil  them, 
tind  rel    ised  liie  eapliws. 

lA'arniiij,'  the  utter  rout  and  de-liiietinn  nf  dates'  army 
and  tlie  pro^lralinn  of  the  eau-e,  Marion  sonnded  lii.s 
si^'iials.  asseinhled  \\\<  little  hand  of  faithful  hearts  ahoiit 
him,  and  thnsaildres>ed  them:  "  Well,  ^'intlemen.  yon  seo 
our  .-iluatinn.  (Mir  piMcefnl  land  lilled  with  iiimiar  and 
dealh.  while  I'oiviun  rulliaii>.  hravinj,'  lis  np  to  oiir  very 
lire-sides  and  altars  leave  us  no  alliriiative  luil  slavery  or 
death.  Two  ifaliant  armiis  have  niarelied  to  onr  as-i-l- 
imce  ;  Imt  for  lack  of  coni|ietent  eoniiiiaiiders.  hnlh  iiavi^ 
heeii  lost.    That  under  deiieral  Lineoln.  after  havini:  liem 

duped  and  liutehered  at  Savannah,  wa-  al  laM  e pleiely 

trapprd  at  Charle^lon.  That  iiuder  <  Ifuer.d  dates,  hav- 
in;:  hei'ii  imprudeiilly  ovirmarehed,  is  iinw  eul  up  at 
Camden.     Thus  are  all  oni'  hnp.'s  from  the  north  entirely 

"    T'trtloii't  Civil liiliijna. 


III. 
SiiintiT,  wtui 

■I'"',  ill  11  ^l|•ltll^ 
|iii'it,  tiiiil  lliiMi' 
•iciit  service  III 

I'll,  Miirinii  liml 
I'll  inilili;!  Iii'i- 
Imik  |illl't  uiili 
hciid. 
only  I  lie  Hcuru 

ill>liMcl     to  di" 

niu'^.  .Miiriiiii. 
i|  knew  lidw  III 
lived  the  diiy  at 
iin-i/riirrnl  sciil 
<  fi'i'iiiid  (if  dc- 

lirili-li  In  |iiv- 
;ii'i<iii  WiiylMid  :t 
if  llir  riilllillcll- 

lispcrMMl  tliiiii, 

III'  dates'  army 
ill  .-iiiiiidi'd  Ids 
111  lirai'ls  alioiil. 
tiriiii'll.  you  Sft' 
illi  i!|ir>iar  and 
i|i  to  our  very 
I'  hut  slavi'iy  or 
I  to  our  assist- 
di'i's.  Iml  li  liavi' 
tiT  liaviiiu'  licrll 
Ia«l  riiiii|ilfi('ly 
r,d  (iaii's.  ii:iv- 
mw  ciil  ii|>  at 
•  iiorlii  oiitii'rlv 


PATUIOT    l.r.Alil.K^   <>l'    "l"'   ^'••'Tll 


109 


.^^  ,„,  ,,id,  and  ,.oo,.CaroliiuiHl.rt  fo  shin  for  lior^idf. 

And.. .iyroui.tnm.n.l   «ai.t   ,i.  know  vom-  luiM.k 

\.  ,„  Mivown.  timt  lm-<lM'nl"ii^'   iiiial.'  up.     I  .-i-'dr 
iuv  HIV  i',  l.u.    a    I ...t.ai.dlolill.lia.    ;''•;;-''';:;'. 

'4,,,M/Slu.niavn,i,i..  toll.atwri.t..l..dMal.;lor.l^ 
I   knou.l.nt   mv  .;.•-<  >lsnll  iu'mt  Lvli-ld  .1.     SvwyhM 

Ml.,  .hiiik  li.T  Vliuiiis  in  ii.y  .mv.  i-' d    poi, tr  to     ii. 

i;;iioniiniou^l.adi.'.-  yxrlaiin:   //   "-as   ,,n.rn„nn.hrr  l.ol 

hi'iiiiiilil  iitf  III  l/ii'^ .'  . 

Wo  ,„v  t..mi-t..  I    to  .lipai.otii.r  pa-.  Hon.  tiuMpiaiiit 
,,,,,,,,, ,,,,ri,is  l.i.uT.iid.i.r  and  l.roll.rr  III  anus: 

..'I'hr  Wadiin-iuu  of   the  Sontli,   Marion   «tiaddy  pni- 
BU.dtlu.wariaiv^niostsari.   lor  us,  and   most   iatul   .o  our 
ninuiis.     lie  lauul.i    ns    to  sl.rp  in   tli.  suamp^.  to  i.rd 
o„  root...  to  drink  tl>.  turl.id  wains  of  lii..  ditdi.  and    .. 
prowl   ni^i.llv   round   tii.'  H.cainpiuiMits  of  Ha-   Uh'    UW 
lions  round  t'li..  iiahitatioiis  of  ,l,u..  win.  had  slau^d.ti.|vd 
th.ir  .Mil...     Sonietiiurs  h>.    tai.^ht    us  to   tail  .;|H.n   ih.- 
furnivhy  .surprises  dislradin-  liir   luidni-hl    inmr  wiiii 
,1„,  |,;,rrors  of  our  hattlc  ;  at  oth.r  tiin.  s.  whm  our  toiycs 
WTiv  inmusnl.  In-  hd  us  on  l.oldly  to  ,h  ■  rliar...  ln;wM,^ 
tho  i.m-iiiyto  pifccs   under   Ha-  approviuir  ii;;lil  "1   da>. 
()    Marion,  u.v   IVirnd  !    my   fri''i«<l  !    alihou-h  tiiy  wars 
a,vall  cMi.led.'and  tiiyscir  at   ivM   in  tlu' -rav...  y.t  I   -.v 
Uur  still.     1  soc>   th...  as  thou  w.  rt   wont   to  ndc  most 
tm-ild.  in  l.attir  to  tho  eia.ini.s  of  ihy  n.untry.      llntu" 
i.vos    like  halls  of  liiv.  ilauinl  li.l.rath  thy  lowcnn.i.'  hn.ws. 
lint  lovely  still  werl  thou   in   iiimy.  thou  hravcst  anion- 
,1,..  sons  of  men  1     Tor  soon  as  the  enemy,  sinkin-  under 
„nr  .swords,  eried   for  .piarter.  thy  heart  swelled  with  eo.u- 
niiseration.  and   thv  .ounlenunce  was  ehaiiuvd.   even  as 
„H,  ....untenamr  of  a  man  who  heheld   the  slau;il.ter  ol 
hi^hrothers.     The  hiLsest    lory  who  eouhl   hut  toueh  the 
lH,„,  of  thy  f,Mrineiit,  was  sate.     The  aveiiirn-s  ofhlood 
8topi.ed  short  in  thv  pivsenee.  and  turned  away  ahaslied 


»  t  •  ■ 


I'.Ml 


PATiiiitT  i,r.\i»i:iis  or  Tin;  hoi  th. 


IVniii  tlic  li^ililiiiiii,' nf  tliin<>  »■>■('■«.  0  Unit  iiiv  pni  wen' 
111'  ihc  i|iiill  tit'  till' Mviiii  llial  ,-iiiu'^  I'nr  I'iiIuh' tliiv-.  linn 
Hliuiiltl-I  lliiiii,  iiiv  i'rii'iiil.  rcti'ivc  ihc  fiiliii's'  of  lliy  funic." 
I-'riiiii  llii«i  liinr.  iliitf  till'  tiu'lics  III"  ih'iM  iiiiii\illnn-|\ 
cla-lic  liiiu'iilc.  wliirli  -Mini  iinii'.-<  iiiiinln'n  i|  l«iiil>  iiml 
fiMiiii'tiiiirs  iwrhi'  Imiiilnil.  iiH  till'  i'iiiiru'iii'_\  iliiiianiliil, 

llll'l  IM  lIn'V  wirMiil,   li_\   turns,  llir  line  nr  the  ■.Uiild, 

'I'lii-  jrnviriimcnl  \m\a  imiwitIcm  to  luiiini.iin  inililiiry 
ina^iiiziiit'^',  coimiii-Harial,  nr  lii>-|tilal  ;  wiilmiil  ilnilu's 
shelter,  ration.'*  or  |iav.  tliis  |iatri(il  liainl  iiinichril  ami 
(iiiiiiiir-inarclutl.  iuImiiu'ciI  ant!  ri'irt'alril,  (U.-ImikIiiI  an! 
iv-a-'i'inlilrtl,  niaiicnvi'i'il  and  ili-^Mlvi'ii.  \i»ililt'  nr  imi-IMi', 
lis  l»v  nia:;ii'.  Vm-v\  .>wani|i  riiriii.«lit'il  tlirin  with  a  nalnral 
liidin^'-l'l  iiv.  wlu'iii'c  llii'y  sinlili'iilv  I'lntTjrcil  n|Hiii  llnir 
I'liciiiv.  .-innk  a  suil't  lilou,  and  ivlircil  tn  tluir  rasliir.-i.H 
iViMii  .<ii|Ki'ior  r'Tfi's. 

'I'lic  iiiimln'i'  and   \ali t'  tlu-i'  skirinislus  with   llu' 

I'lU'iny.  (scapi'  llio  pajif  of  liisltirv,  and  fan  nc\(  .•  lie  told. 
Mai'iiiii  loilfil 't)i'  ili'lVatfd,  in  turn,  tlic  aMi'sl  iiiViiTrs  nf 
Ciiriiwalli-i,  fiont  to  .'^top  liis  cari'tT,  and  iiiliily  lialUcd 
'I'arit'tdii  A//  i/iulliif)  him.  Winn  (ini'iu'V  army  was  driven 
Iict'iiiv  ('oriiwalii-',  tint  of  Nurlli  (';!i'idiiia.  .Marimi  .»\vi'pt 
down  and  liarassid  liis  piois  in  llif  iv.ir.  fniitiiiinj,'  cnii- 
vtivs,  and  Itivakiiij,'  tlitir  (■iiiiiniiinifal'ons  with  Cliark'-tun. 

Si'orii  iipnii  any  and  all  in-iniiatiims  '.^..iii.t  tin' valnr 
td'  till'  Sunt  hern  militia  of  the  Ucvolutiiiii.  'I'liey  rcndci'ttl 
spli'iidid  .service,  and  in  tlu'  host  p(i.-sil)k>  way  siiitt'd  to 
tlicir  circiinistaiu'C's.  Whilf  cvi'i'y  lii'ld  action  of  iIm' 
rf;^ii!ar  army  in  tlu'  ('aniliiias.  fxccpl  Cow  puis.  \\.\: 
alti'iitk'tl  hy  disasttT  and  a  nua-iiiv  id"  di^LM'ai'c.  thc.->' 
patriot  mililia  Icitloi's,  and  tlnir  fi.lldwcrs,  hai'i'ird  and 
Wdrrit'd  tlif  ni'ili-h  inil  nf  their  hurdci's  :  and  the  ftu'ees 
of  Siiinter  and  .Maritiii  swejit  the  <'niiiilry  to  the  very 
<,Mtes  t)f  Charle-ttiii.  liet  (Jiiilfoid  Coint-ilou-e,  llol'- 
ixirU's  Hill.  Ninety-six.  and  I-'ai law  Spring's  ctiiii'css. 

As  soon  us  the  iirilish  evaeiiateil  the  eily  td'  Cliarlestiiii, 


>l  III. 

hat  my  prii  wen* 
I'ltlliii'  )hivs  llii'ii 
li'M^  iif  lliy  fllllir." 

tlli.<4    llllll'Sclliill^ls 

i('i'(  il  iwi'iily  mill 

U'rlli'V  ili'lliaililrd, 

r  the  ■'Uiiiil. 
ii.iiiii.iin  iiiiliiiiry 
wiilmiM  clot  III'.-, 
ml  iii:ii'i'lic(l  mill 
•li,  ili.<lMiiili'il  aii'l 
i«ililt'  nr  iiivi-iliji', 
'III  willi  a  iialiii'ai 
I'i'p'tl  iipuii  ilnii' 
I  tn  liii'ir  J'asliii'.vH 

riilislii's  wltli  (lie 
call  iii'\i  .•  Im'  tulil. 

aMf.^l  iijlicci's  III' 
111  iilli'i'ly  liallh'il 
s  army  wn^*  driven 
la,  Marinii  swi'pt 
11%  caiitiiiiii;,'  v'l'ii- 
s  with  Cliark'Miin. 

:i;,,ii;i.  t   lln'  valnr 

11.     Tlll-y  ITIlili'lrd 

ililo  way  suited  to 
•id  ai'tiiill  id'  till' 
|il  Cow  |iiii>.  u.:' 
li'  disL'rart'.  Iiu'>>' 
WITS.  Iiai'i'iid  and 
s  :  iiiid  till'  t'lU'ci'S 
iinlry  to  tlic  vrry 
oint-IIoiiM',   lloi'- 

IJ,'S  I'Olli'cSS. 

'ilv  ol'  Ciiai'li'sloii, 


rATUlt/l'  iKAKKus  »•!•  Tin;  -oini. 


i{»r 


>f.irion  .li.'atti.'.l  til^  *wnt.l.  di-lniiid.d  lit«  I'aitl.liil  n.mmd.'H 
tti,lMl.i'l.'ndi'ri.,-oral.n.th.'i.andwriitl.arki..l.oV..r».V 

In  |,i.  ,,|ol.«ll.  -Ol,.'  or  till'  l.lll'.'.t  111.  II.  nil.  -I   pall'l'"'^  IM'.I 

„„..!  u.lfoit  (l.'ii.'iaN  thai    Aiii.fi.aii   History  .uh  hoa,M. 

Valiaiil  111  ttiif.  Il''  «"^  al-i.vM-  m  i  hr  .  omi.il.  ol   |..a.'... 

||„  i.riiiward  sat    in  tl.r  -mal '  hi.  Stat.',  and  a.-i-l.  d 

ill  I'lMiiiin;.?  iiM.'on.litiiii'  n. 

IlisniiViin-i'iinrli  -il  of  St.  .Inlm  -  |.an-h.  .    uih 

Carolina,  and   -ii  plain  »\,\ow^  loiiil..  il\U   .d'   a   prnuU" 

fili/.iii."  luiiikH  till- sat'ivil  .-pot. 

M,.anlim.'lh.'liol  .\ii-ii«t  hrratli  .d' that  .ahiiiiilons  day 

of  Cam.hn.  hraiili-  on  its  «in->  ih.'  -roan-  -d'  a  l..st  nUHi. 

ami  H  proHtnif   | I". -w-pi    np  tltn-nuh   th.'  sa  l.'S  of 

Vii-'inia  and  raim-  to  Moi-aiiV  .'MIn.     M  •■..uld  m.  hm-n 
|,.,ld    ha.'k;   ih.'   rail-    m.'.hd   rvny   palri.H    li.art    atnl 

luiiid  lo   Ih.'   iv-.iii'.     "i voi.'i'.d'   wailiii-   t '  "• 

hanks  ..f  S..iitli.'riMilvui.nalis.  was  ad.h'd  lli.'  .-pnr  ol  iIh' 
,„li.„„  ,,...aso,i  .in,st.na.t.'d  o„  tin' hanl.s  of  ihrlliidson. 
Nnrdid  hi'  stand  npi-n  lli.' ord.T  of  his  -oin-.  hut  to  I.h 
olrnml  hi.nor.  h.' wnt  al  oiuv.  as  C/.W  .»/-.///"/'.  n 
S.pti'mhiT  i;;^".i'.'.'oinpai,i.'il  hy  an  .-ort  of  y.mn- -.'ntl,- 
,„;.„wh.,  di'Mivil  to  srrM'  will.  him.  .Mui'Laii  lodo  iiilu 
(Inks' camp  ut  llillshonm-h.  and  nporiid  lor  duty. 


c 


xxii.-i:h«». 
TITK  battm:  or 'rin:  <  ui.onki.s   n... •.». 

■■*()KN\VAI,MS' iiml.iiinii  .  \i.  ii.lr.l  U>m  iln.r}.'iii  I" 
^^  llii-  wiit.i*  ..r  Ml.'  Cl..-u|...ik.'.  Thi-  iHU.Ii  li.'  i.iMl 
prnmi^i'l  f..iv-t..iv  I..  III.'  Hiiti-li  <rn«ii.  II'  l»a.l  Iniiill.'il 
,i,„l  j;„ni-nih-l  liii-  Hlr..ii«  iiit.ri.ri'  |.n,tM  ..r  (lun.lrn. 
Wiim-lM.roiiirh.  Nimty-.'^iN.  uii.l  Aii-.'iiMa.  Willi  n  <  liuiii 
„i;„f,, ,.,.,,•  |,n.|,.  ImIow...))  lIuSaMlrruiPl  Wiil.riv.  ll..'  nrli 

,„„l  |',.,til. itrv  ^^a«  -'..iir'.l  h.  ll"m.     Ih-  lu'l'l.  »\*o, 

t»M.  M'UfuiiHt  rrnm  riiiirlr-l'in  I..  SumhiiiuIi. 

T\u'  »'V.--ivi'  lifiit  "I'  "iiniiiMr  luiiiv'  piiHscl.  ('MriiwallM 
llMMi-lit  li.'  nii;:lil  now  miUiii''  Ii'^  imUuii..-  into  \nrlli 
(•iir..iiii:i.     Hill  lli.'as.'iijrcr  wiM.'ii  lii-lnick. 

iMiriii^'  till-  Minnii.r.  Mriii-li  iii."'ii-  lia^l  -tirtv.!  up  Mm 
Clirn.k.T  IrilK's;  lli.ir  rliiifM  IiikI  cmiu' iI.'Vmi  In  Aii^ni.la 
toni.fl  tliuM.  ii-.iiH  aii.l  ivcrivi-  llu- |.ivy.iil^  wlii.li  «iiv 
to  .-imr  llii'ir  Z'''l  >"  '•>''''"  miinli'nais  wnik. 

CnloiH.l  Clarkr.  a  i'li/iliv.'  iMlrinl  rn.iu  {',vo\'<ih.  willi  u 
n.mi'aiiv  of  nll'iiini.  a«.i-t.'.l  L.v  u  l.aii.l  of  l,a.kw.MMl,.iii.  n. 
aiia.k.'.i  ami  tli-r.-alnl  Hi'  ^Miii^"" 'iiwl' r  < '"l""'''  Hi'"Wii. 
Ill   Aii^'ii>la,  ciii-linvd  llir  iuvmhis  and  iln»\i'  llir  .-uvajr'-.-i 

|,ii(U  l<>  llK'ir  liiii'-  ,      ,,  .  .  ,  ,     . 

C.luiul    iM.i-ii^uii.  c.inmMn.lrr   .-f   ll.r   Hnli-ii  P'.^l   "f 

Niiul>-Si\.  aii.l  iM'M  I..  TarlH-'ii  in  uinlanl\  aii-l  .■nu-llv, 

,"„n\t('l  ..111  I"  \vav-lay  aii'l  .apliiiv  llii.-*  Ani.Ti.an  ik'tu-'li- 

Mr  r,  II  ill  ui'.li  a  i>arls  ..f  Nnilli  (  arnliiia  niilitia.  iiiiilrr 
M,  Dnwall,  uIm.iii  li''  piirsiir.l  ami  >.atl.'iv.l  al  III.'  f-.l  ..f 
tlu-  Alir-i.ann-.  wli.  iv  T-nip  .-rr  aii.l  lli.' CaP-iiiia.-.  ni.'.'l. 
The  TiK^liNtM  hhii-IiI  icliit:.-  aii...n-  IIk-  .Iwrll.Ts  in  llio 
i,plaiul.>".  uial   rm.iiiih'.l   liu'  .^..rruws  ..f  lli.;  l.lain.s  IkL.nv 


M:I,S      No.  J. 

fi'ttiii  (ii'or^ia  to 
li-  iiiiit'li  Ik'  '•!»'! 
Il.'liii.l  rui'tilii'il 
itMtH  "I"  (  llliulrli, 
I.  Willi  a  <liiiiii 
Wiihri'i',  III"'  iii'li 

I.        \\r    lll'lil.  Ill-i'. 

Ii. 

iiicsi'il,  ('onivv:illi-« 

mill'  ihio   Ni'itli 

ruck. 

mil  ,'tirriil   tip  ll"' 

ilitVMi  III  .\ii';ii-lii 
I'Hi'llH  Nvllirll  «i'l'i' 
ik. 
Ill  <i('i>i';,'i:i,  Willi  II 

if  li:i<'kwiini|.<iiii  II. 

r  Coluiicl  llrowii, 

ilnivi'  llir  •avii;.'i'.H 

ir   i5rili-ii  pii^l   III' 

liicit>  llli'l  rnii'll.v. 

Aiiu'i'it'aii  iklarli- 

iliiianiilitiii.  iiiiil'T 
•  rcil  ill  till'  t'liiit  "!' 
Ill'  ('ariiliiiu:''  iiH'i't. 

llf   llwi'lltTS   ill    lilt' 

I"  llii;  [ihiiu.s  litliiw 


•  l'l»>l«t|t<<'l<U' 


IIV»**  ^"^^^iV'  ^      "^ 


^^^? 


"'V^s.  I     \^'^:,.'i 


X>%- 


MAP  OP 

OIKKAl'IOMo  111 

VIUJSIMA. 

NOUTIl  (  AUOLINA, 

S.  CAlinl.l.VA. 

ANi>  «iK<>U<i  I  A. 

,|„„.„.r..   Km..'".  II 

Hi*../,  K..iih«.       tli 


I 


Tll»!  HAtri.K  »r  TIIK  luioxru— »•>.  * 


VM) 


iviry  ^««  imiv  known;'    MV  .l-rv  of    U.  an«.  .• . 

•11,,.   ,mi   ..r  III.'  niMnnlHin*  w..ki>-tht.  *j»ini  •  r  l.l.  ii>  \ 

"     ,  Lm.-.  .IrMv.Ml  li-mil...  I.,uI.1u.mI..u.mI  .Ink,- onr 
;;:         ;;   n.-. '•>•    Tlu.nH.n..r,lu.Wut..uK.i 

s  nil   !?.»■.!...  s.si..r.-ni "'"'">  "'■^' ";";:;, i' 

^:'      iu;i;.J.n..h..r.in.| M..n.kll...n.l..-.|«of 

,|,i.„,nN.n..ni.  ioin.a  linn.  «iH.  four  l.nn.l,v.ln.l.titt. 

J.,^.na.ln.fu,i.iv..i.na.rM'-l».-ull.r..,m^^^^ 

.., inl.a  .rn.l../w.u.  ul  W:....n,„.  Sr  ..nl..     .'•      .     .^^ 

^^,,,  ,,,.M,.xt.luv.ra.l.  m:.n  n.ouni.a.MU.unvv..  1...  H  . 

,,,„„.i,„|,  l,U..«n  ntl...an.ln.min«lnKuwnHtoroar 
r;io.;:jH..un.l...n.l--M!u.n...nn...,.wh.^^^^ 
,.,.-..  ,|,rnu,M.  II..  All.^rl.MMi.-  ...V  111-  l.i;,'h.-l.     N- 

r  ..  f.Ti.  M.il.H   iM'lw.'.n   111.'  Watiii.V'i  "'"'  ""'  »'""«""• 

;.  Mu.irnnnili- lu.l..lv„ll.;v..n.unt..no 

,,;:,,;;,,,,  .,,...r.       .....anulunl)!..  i.artKwufruyulU.. 

;;;:  ;:.i;;i..,vHn..nu.  'n..'  "'•iM-t-  ''•-•'"""'  --  -•"  •" 

'^£;rn.op.tr^.tl..a...^....n.WUl.n..^^ 
..„|oonV.M.,M,,.  lilV.wu.  un.ln.  np,,o    (a     U 

iir''an'l  -wcllini.' as  il  rnllr.l. 

ll,...lsan.....l..Mn.r.  llM.MK. n.ar  11...  IhM  ul  (  ..  - 

j„,;„.  .,n    11..  Hn.u.l  Uiv...--a...i.uM.n.,s  spul.  so  ^ i  <.» 


aoo 


iiii:  iiattm;  or  riii:  coi.onki.s— n(i.  j. 


Iilazi'  Willi  the  ;;l(>rv  of  our  iirms— llicy  joiiicil  I'nrccs  uinl 
('(tuiitoil  !liirt(>cii  iiiuidri'd  stntiij,'. 

Willium.s  |)i'(i]i()si'il  to  ;^uiik'  tlicni  ;it  once  lo  l''cr,i:ii.-on*s 
eiu.'imi|»iii('iil.  Cjilliii;,'  !i  council,  liny  iK'cidcd  lo  |iiisli  i>\ 
ami  strike  liiiii  liysin'iirisc  Select Iii;.>'  nine  lnniilre(l  picked 
men  and  their  lleetest  liorscs  tlicy  l»exiiM  I  heir  march  al 
sunset,  'riiey  dismounted  but  ;mici;  in  thirty-six  hours. 
All  ni,i;ht  they  rode,  and  the  next  day,  cvcninix,  Ocloher 
Till,  ITso,  ri'aclu'd  the  loot  of  Kinj,''s  Mountain — |>er- 
jtctiial  nionument  of  the  valor  of  these  men. 

J-'erfjiison's  I'oree  of  tories,  and  ii  ilelachinciit  of  British 
rcfriilars.  nnnihta-cd  upwards  of  ele\cii  hundred.  'I'hey 
were  slron^^Iy  poslcd  on  what,  they  thoiiirhl  an  imprei/na- 
blo  lieij'^ht,  " the  craj,'f,'y  (dilTs  cro|i|iin,i;  out  in  form  of 
nalnra!  breastworks  alon:,'  its  sides  and  on  its  heights." 

IJul  those  brave  hearts  and  stroni;  hands  had  come  to  do 
tiie  (ieed.  and  they  did  it.  All  iionor  to  the  militia  heroes 
of  Kiii,i,''f!  Mountain,  with(. lit  a  leader  above  the  iaid<  of 
(Mdonel.  All  honor  to  the  jiatriot  yeomanry  of  \'i)'L;iiiia, 
'I'cnnessee,  North  Carolina,  South  Carolina,  and  (ieor^iia, 
who  met  here  to  clasp  hands  and  pour  out  their  heart's 
blood  in  the  cause  ol"  human  liberty. 

'I'liey  quietly  dismounleil  and  fornu'd  themselves  into 
four  columns.  The  post  of  extreme  danjjer  was  assumed 
by  Colonel  Canijtbell,  of  N'ir^jinia.  ami  Cidonel  Shelbv. 
'I'hey  led  the  lwoo(»lumns  that  were  to  attack  in  front; 
climbinjr  the  jnountain,  lo  be  received  on  the  bayonets  of 
the  Mrilish  reiridars. 

IJiit  on,  and  np.  they  strode — hearts  of  lions — re]iulsed 
at  iirst,  they  rallied,  and  fjfaiiii'd  the  heiirhl.  A  death 
strugrrle  ensued,  until  the  riiiht  and  left  wiiias  in  the  wnv 
closed  round  the  enemy's  Hanks  and  rear,  and  eii'eled  them 
with  a  rin;^'  of  lire. 

For  lifly  minutes  the  battle  raj^ed,  until  the  position  i>\' 
the  enemy  was  no  longer  tenable.  Their  Iciider,  Fer^Mison. 
being  killeil,  they  utiempled  to  csca|ie along  the  to]»orthe 


I 


—  NO.  J. 

i)iiu'(|  I'orcrs  aiiil 

ICC  Id  l''cr;,'ii,-'oii"H 
cidc'd  to  push  o'l 
'  liniiilrc(l  jiickcil 
I  llicir  Miai'cli  iit 
tliirty-six  Inuirs. 
'vciiiiiir,  Oclolicr 
Momitiiiii — per- 
I'll. 

iiiiciit  of  Hrilisli 
liimilrcd.  'I'licy 
III  MM  iiii|)rc!.qia- 
oiil  ill  form  i)f 
1  its  licii,di|s." 
s  liiul  cotiic  III  ilo 
lie  militia  licnics 
iiivc  till'  rank  of 
iiii'v  of  N'irLciiiia, 
Mil,  ami  (icoi'iiia. 
Dill    tiicir  heart's 

thcm.-clvcs  into 
Ucr  was  assiimci.l 

Coliiiicl  Shclliv. 
illack  ill  front  ; 
1  the  bayonets  of 

■  lions — rcjiiilscd 
ci.irhl.  A  death 
iMiifTs  in  the  rt'ar 
and  circled  them 

1  the  position  (d" 
eader,  FiTf^nson. 
v^  the  to]»  of  llio 


Tin;  iiMTi.r.  (»i'  Tin.  i  oi.()si;i,>— no. 


.'(•l 


rid^'e:  l.nl  foloiiels  Cl.inelan.i.  Sevier  and  William^  in- 
teircplcd  tiiciii.  and  they  threw  down  llicir  arms. 

'I'he  Mriti.-h  h^-«  was  I'niir  hiin.lrcd  and  lil'lv  killed  nr 
scscrclv  wnmidcd,  and  si\  hundred  and  lifly  pri>niiers. 
Tlie  .\nicric,iii  l..-s  was  mily  twenty-ei,i.dit  Killed  and  si\iy 
wonnd.d.  Aim.n-  these,  however,  they  laid  l.>  mourn  the 
dciHh  of  Ihe  pairini  Cohuicl  dames  Williams— "a  iiiaii  uf 
exalted  character  ami  of  a  lu'lcf  hut  ^dnrimis  career." 

As  the  hatlle  of   llcrkiiii-i's  .M.diauk  y naiiry  had  tu'st 

reversed  the  filooin  <if  lli<'  Nnrthcrn  Dcpuriincnl  in  WiJ, 
M)  m.w  Ihe  hatlle  of  Ihe  yeomanry  nf  Isin/s  Mnunlaiii 
)ir<l  revers.Ml   ihe  ^doom  (d"  the  Soiitlicrii   Oepariimnt    iii 

r.sii. 

'I'l,,.  m..unlaiiiecrs  had  moved  t  >o  swiftly  this  lime  for 
Tarlcl.ui.  lU'  iicard  the  tidin--  «\'  the  disa.ler  at  the 
|'„r'.s  of  Ihe  Ciitawl.a.  and  sj.ed  hack  with  all  h;i-tc  to 
Cornwaliis'  camp.  An  imincdiale  n  treat  was  onlcred. 
The  wli.de  aspect  (d'  atfairs  was  (han-cd.  It  stren;,'lli- 
cned  the  hearts  (d'  the  juilriols  and  dismavi'd  the  tories. 

'  The  appearance  tin  tho  frmilicrs  of  a  niimenms  cnniiy 
fnuh  settlements  l.eyoml  the  UKiunlains  whose  names  had 
thus  far  remained  "unknown  In  ihe  i'.rilish,  took  llniu- 
wallis  hy  surprise  ;  and  their  success  was  fatal  to  this  in- 
tended "e\i.cdiii<.n.  lie  1';:-;  .'xpeclid  to  Mep  with  ea-,.- 
from  one  Ciindimi  to  ihe  other,  and  fnun  iliesc  to  the 
compiesi  of  Viririida."  '• 

There  was  nothing  now  hut  a  swifl  retreat  ha(d<  inio 
South  ('ar..lina.  (Ui  whiidi  lu'  was  f.dlowed  hy  the  mililia, 
who  "harassed  his  fora^'in-;  parties,  intercepted  his  dis- 
])atelu>s,  and  (aptured  his  wa<;ons."' 

Thev  were  delayed  hy  heavy  rains  at  the  fords;  Corn- 
wa11i>  fell  ill  <d'  a  "fever":  they  were  without  tents,  aiul  the 
soldiers  hivona.ked  in  the  woods,  drenidied  wilh  rain,  m 
unwhcdesome  i.ir.  After  a  mi^erahle  march  ol  lifieen 
davs.  they  found  themselves  at  the  posis  from  wliich  they 
*  liirinvll.  Vol.  .\. 


im 


Tin:  iiATii.i;  «>r  tiik  ('t»i,ONi;i,s     no.  '. 


Iia<l  set  (lilt,  luiir  Ciiiiitli'ii.  Ant  mini  Miiilariii  (Icciiiiati'd 
llir  I'.riti-h  n\i:ini'.'iits  in  their  ;-'arri-oii<  faster  than  the 
British  niinilrv  ciniM  i(|ilai'('  ihciii. 

Jt  wa-  a  siiprrli  ftroki'.  Kiii,i;*s  Mi)iiiitaiii— ii  rcvclati 'ii 
ti)  the  I'.riti-h.  and  it  illniiiinati'.s  \Va.-liin,::ti>n".s  imaninj,' 
wlu'ii.  in  the  iniilst  "t'  tlic  (lisa-ters  ol'  the  .Icrscy.x,  lie  ih- 
flaiv.l  that,  if  driven  fi'uin  tlie  Atlantic  eoa.-l.  he  eniild 
retire  l)eliind  llie  natural  Inirrier  uf  the  Alle^hanies,  mi'l 
.slill  hnld  tile  edlitiiieiit. 


-NO.   -. 

iiliiriii  (Icciiiiatfd 
fiistiT  tliMii  the 

liii— u  rcvcliili 'II 
ii::tuirs  iiiiiiiiiii.L; 
ic  .Icrscy.s,  lit'  ilc- 

•    idll.-l.   Ill'    cnllld 

Allciiliiiiiics,  mill 


J  *. 


XMll.     ITSO. 


linWfVlT.     >UlU'r- 

riiut    iilVnir   tmi-lil   Coii-riv-^s 


lii.allv   aciiiiilt.Ml   will,    li-mni.      11.' was 

sr.U'.l  suon  iifl.T  CimiiU'ii.     '1 • 

lJ...onli.ln..rin.lr>ruwu    Hpn.n,  an.!  ...0.  m      .a 

I,,.  „,„   ,,.,„„,a.Mlrr-i..-Hn.r,  «l.n.    nt    -.'.km.-    rui-'-'- ""^^ 

,„„,  ,,  ,i,,n  a.u)  nmsistcMil  Mdl.Hvut  to  11.0 

•        ""   1  liim 


No  II. all  0 

hirf 

i^hi'il  iiiti'i:i'iiv 


,l,e  „t.,u-k  »l.m,  T,-ont..n.    IH<  .ml,l».y  .Tn.nl  :.'    l''^l^- 
V.l,i„=lnn  ;,„.l   I-.'.  ^.1    «"-l.v.i '■'■""■'•""• 

; .  ,.inJ.>in.Ml,,..livo■l,^,u..lH...».;™A.".■v;'■; 


„..ai-ivnch  j.alo..sy;  hut  wv  n.nu...,lK.r    o  1... 

ho  stno,i  iVni.iullv  with  \Va<!u..g.o..  ...  th.  n.atl.iM 

'■  An;i'(U.nnantown.  Wa.l.i...t,.,.  i.,.!,,...!  l.in.  t.  a-rcM-t 

,„.    oiVu rMua.-t.n..a<i.T-.  l...t   he  I  .-ok   .t  ryh.cta  nth, 

''^;    ;,,,,i    ,n..va..io,.sly.a,.ail..allyso   av^^>r,oth.n.- 
^     hi<l.lt..rst..Cu....v.^as.o.l..awth..  ,"-'>o>.nml 


adm 


-T — 


;J(>t 


ma.i()i;-<ii:m:uai,  iii;i:i:Ni:. 


ci'ii-iirc  of  lliiit  lidily  ;  iiml,  liiit  I'tir  ihc  iiriim|il  jiihI  viiror- 

(ill.><     itllcl'Scllliull     III'     \Vasilili;;loir.M     illlllli  lice,     lit'     Uolllil 

imdialilv  liii\r  iH't'iitlisiiiissiil  lilt'  MTvici'. 

(iii'ciic  liiul  a  \itc  ul'  Iciit  r-uriliii;:,  ami  lia-  in  llir.-c, 
cl.iliiii'aUd  hiiii-t'ir  ill  a  \\i\\  iiol  cniKliicivc  lo  his  iiiinn'r- 
lalilv.  His  I'aiiK'  wmild  have  lircii  iimrr  ciiiliiriiii;  if  ho 
liad  writtfii  t'cwiT  It'iurs,  iiinl  also  if  .Inlm-nii  liinl  hcmt 
wrillfii  Ills  hl'c. 

(ifiicral  (irci'iK.'  cuiiu'  ol'  iicacc-loviiii,' (Quaker  |iaii'iilau'i'. 
yot  hi' had  an  iiKtrdiiiato  amliitiun  I'lir  inililaiT  ;.'l(irv,  and 
his  own  ivpiitution  was  In  him  a  |M'r|i(inal  .■MHircc  dI'  dis- 
(|uii't. 

lie  assnnifd  ihc  dniics  dl"  (|n:irlcrnia>l('r  while  liiciiriny 
was  yi'l  at  Valley  l''cir;ii',  and  when  llic  adniinistraliiin  of 
tho  I'oiiinii.-sarial  was  at  its  worst.  Tin  iv  witc  (•iiniiii- 
raiit  coiitra('t(jrs  and  snlliTS  in  lliosi.'  days,  who  avaiird 
thcniselvi's  of  tlu'  vicissitudes  of  values  mid  the  de|ire(ia- 
tioii  of  the  enrreiiey,  \\'ashiii;;toii  wi'ites  to  the  IVe.-i- 
(lent  of  IV'iiiisylvania  with  exeeptional  warmth  :  "  It  is 
much  to  he  lamenttd  that  each  Stutt',  Iniij;' "ere  this,  has 
not  hunted  ihein  down  as  pests  to  society  and  the  jrreati'4 
enemies  wo  have.  I  would  to  (oxi  ||i;it  soiim  of  ihc  more 
atrocious  in  each  Stale  were  hunii:  upon  irallows  live  limes 
as  hi^dias  Hainan's;  no  punislin:<'ni,  in  myojiinioii,  is  too 
sevoro  for  llie  man  who  can  huild  ids  forlunesupon  his 
country's  ruin.'' 

Washinuton  ho|)ed  nincli  friun  the  intetrrily  and  indu~lry 
«of  (ireene,  us  the  dcjiurtnu'iit  had  liecn  placed  ••on  a  ceii- 
trali/ed  system  under  (Ireeiie's  immediate  authoi'ity.  with 
jiowers  almost  iiuleiiendent  of  Conirrcss,  ami  lucrative 
{'inolumeiils  for  himself,  his  assistants  and  suhordimites."' 

lint  (ireeut' was  resli\e  and  discontented  at  his  post; 
lie  failed  {<.>  '^iw  satisfaction  and  preferred  to  return  to 
fu'ld  service,  lie  writes  to  Washington  :  "I  have  desired 
<.'on;,'ress  lo  </\\c  me  leave  to  reduii.  as  I  anprcheiideil  ii 
loss  of  reputation  if  I  continued  in  the  Imsiness.     I  will 


M.v.i(tit-<ii:M:ii Ai'  iiiii;i;M;. 


•^(»;. 


in|it  ami  siirnr- 
iici',     ill'    wmilil 

1      llll-    ill     lllCSt', 

I'  III  his  iiiiiiinr- 
fiHlmiiit,'  if  III' 

ll-nll   llilij    IICMT 

iikcr  iiari'iiliiirc, 
laiT  ;.'liirv.  and 
I  source  III'  liis- 

w  liilc  I  ill'  army 
iniiiislralinji  nf 

0  wiTc  ciirmn- 
rs.  \\  lio  avaiird 
il   llic  il('|in'ria- 

;     III    liU'    I'lV-i- 

iriiitli  :  "  ll  is 
ij;'  "ere  this,  has 
imI  llif  ;irrrali'»t. 

Ill    (if    I  III'  IIKU'O 

liiws  live  limes 
ojiiiiiiiii.  is  liio 
limes  ii|iii|i  his 

ly  ami  iiiiiiisiry 
(•I'll  *•  (111  a  ci'ii- 
iiiithorily,  w  ilh 
ami  lueraliM' 
siihiinliiiak's."' 
'll  at.  his  |i(isf  ; 

1  to  return  to 
■  1  I  ia\e  desired 
a|i|irelieniled  a 
i.sine>s.     I  will 


ii 


not  saerillee  tiiy  :-e|)iilati(iii  for  iiny  coiisidei'iiiion  what- 
ever, lam  wil'liii-- lo  serve  the  iMilili.-,  I.ni  I  ihiiiK  1  h:ise 
a  riuhi  III  I  hi.ii-r  thai  «a\  of  iierfiirmiii;;-  Hie  -er\  ie.'  u  liii  li 
^^^\\~\n■  imi-l  iiiuinraMe  lnm\Mll'.  *  ■  *  *  I  ^^iH  '"  ' 
deny  ihiil  l  he  prnlil-  an-  ilaiieriiiL;'  I"  my  I'nrimie.  Imt  ikh 
1,'ssliiiiiiMiii"  Id  my  mililary  jiriile.     *    *    *    ^'^     "     'riieiv 

is  a  -I'eal  liillcK  Uee  lirtweeli  lieill-  I'ai-i  ij  In  all  nlHee  aild 
disc.  iiiliii,Lr  looiie.  uliieli  i-  m,\  ea,«e.  'riiriv  i«  al.-iia  -real 
dilTelVliee  liilWeell  -el'sillU'  U  here  Mill    have  a   fair  |irn-|M'el 

of    h •  ami   laurel-.   aii>l   where   vmi   have  no  |.riis|iee| 

of  eiilur.  Snhn'hi  irrr  hniril  iif  (I  'iinn-hriiitislii'  ill  Ins- 
/iirif.  ii-'<  •-•'"■//.  '/;•  ///  ii/ii/liii/  (imi  lirilliiiiil  tulinii.  1  eii- 
•  M'fed  ill  ihis  hii-iness  as  well  out  "f  r„ii,i„issiiiii  /n  i/'inr 
7:rrr//nir;/  as  fnnn  a  ivirard  to  the  |iiililie."*  |lle  I'.o- 
where  seems  to  realize  thai  he  .-erved  a  eaiisr.  | 

At  aiiolherdate.  lliii-:  -  Voiir  K\eelleiiey  has  imnle  ni" 
very  iinhaii|iy.     I   eaii   siilmiil    very  |i;il  ieiilly  t"  di-erved 
censure,  Imt   it  wounds  my  i'eeliiiii-.-  e\eeediii.Ldy  to  meet 
with  a  reliiiUe  for  doiuL'' vv  hat  1  emieeived  to  he  a  |iroiier 
])art  (d'  my  duty,  ami   ill  Ihe  onhr  of  ihiii-s.      ■■    *    *     " 
If  1  had  nejrleeted  my  duty  in  |uirsiiil  of  plea-iT  .  or  if  f 
had  heeii  waiitiii,!.'  in   iv-peet  to  your  1-Acelleiicy.  1  would 
have  |iiit  my  haml    \:\>'>\\   my  mouiii  and  heen  silent  ii|iiiii 
theoeeasion  :  Iml  a.-  I  am  imi  rmiMious  of  lieiii^r  eharireahlo 
with  either  the  mm  or  iheolher.  I  cannot    help  thinkin.;,' 
1    have    heen    t  rcaled  with  a  de;.'ree  of  severity  that    1    am 
in   no   respect    deservinir.     Vour    Kvcelleiiey    well    knows 
iinw  1  came  into  this  deparlmeiil.      It  was  liy  your  special 
reoiiest,  and  you  must  he  seiisilile  there  is  no  other  man 
Ilium  earth  would  liavo  liroii^dit   me  into  the  Imsiiiess  hut 
vou.    The  distre-^s  the  department  was  mjlirilisiirarc  irliirh 
III  list  (irroii/jitnn/  ijiDir  Dprni/imis  willnml  c  rlntinii'.    the 
dilliciilty  of  eii,L:a,i:iii,ir  a  peiMm  capahle  of  conduclin.ir  the 
>)usiiu'ss.  torrcther  wilh  the  h..pes  of  meetini:  ymir  appm- 
halion,   and   havinir  yoiii"  I'idl  aid  and   assistance,   recoii- 
■:*  Till'  itiiliis,  wtii'icvcr  orcmiiiiu'.  hip  "urs. 


.4 


:^IHI 


MA.nin-iii.M:u\i,  iiiii;i;xi;. 


' 


liltd     nil'    ll»    lIlC    tllMliTtJlkih','.       *      ♦      ♦      ♦      *      ♦       I    llUNC 

lit  Ml'  ,»iilicil('i|  ytw  I'nr  a  rininii;.'li  to  pt  Inniic,  to  iiiiliil;.'ii 
ill  [ilt'iisiirc  III"  I"  iiii|iru\f  my  iiitii'i'>t,  Hliicli,  liy-tlu-liy.  I 
liiivi' iit'j:l('iti'<l  ^.'iiiiii:  on  rmir  yiui's.  Ni  itlii  r  have  1  cNcr 
^i|lal•l•(l  iiivsclt',  liy  iiiirlil  or  (lav,.\vli('ri'  it  has  ln'iii  iicci's- 
Hary  to  |iruiiinic  the  |iiililii'  intcri'.-t  iiiidcr  yoiir  (linclinii 
I  have  lu'vrr  lucii  iroiihlr-nini'  In  *tiiir  KNci'llciicy  to  piili- 
li>li  aiiyiiiiii;.Mo  my  aiUaiila;:r,  alilniii^li  I  iliink  iiiysilt' 
lis  jiisily  I'lilitk'il  as  .xmif  ollicis  wlm  Inuc  lucii  more 
i'lii'liiiialc,  |iarli('iil;n'l\  in  the  aclioii  i>\'  ilir  Ki'amlywiiic. 
Ilourvcr,  I  can  sptiik  wilii  a  ln'ciniiiiiir  priilr  llial  I  liavc 
always  cinK'UvoriMl  to  ilc.«(  r\c  the  inililic  tstiiiu  ami  yiair 
KxirllciifyV  ii|titroliiilioii. 

As  I  caiin'  into  tin-  (|i.iartcrniiisii'r's  (U'liartiiu'iii  wiili 
rcliictaiici',  so  I  sliall  leave  it  with  pleasure.  Your  iiillii- 
ciiee  ln'niii^ht  me  in.  ami  the  want  oi'  your  aiiprolcii ion 
will  indiiee  me  to  ;.'■(  imiI." 

It  is  lint  very  sur|irisiiij.'  liial.  two  moiilhsafler  this  date, 
(Jreeiii'  writes  :  ••'I'his  Is  the  tiiird  time  1  have  wrote  siiKe 
J  have  had  a  line  from  your  Kxeelleiiey.  f^huiild  he  ;,dad 
to  hear  from  yon  when  at  leisure,  ote.""' 

Tiiat  majestic  li;L,'nr('.  livinjr  in  the  iijrt'.s  rather  than  the 
moments,  workiii;,'  for  the  races  yet  to  he.  ratiicr  than  for 
his  con  temporaries,  opposed  a  matchless  piitieiiec,  alike  to 
the  treachery  of  lice.  the  iiidiirereiice  of  Adams,  the  arro- 
<,'aiice  of  (iates.  ami  the  peliilanee  of  (Ireeiic. 

Upon  the  fall  of  Charleslon.  Orcene  had  askedof  Wash- 
in<rtoii  the  comniand  of  the  Soiitlu'rn  l)epartmeiit.  hut 
Coiiirress  selected  dates.  After  the  failure  of  the  complut 
of  Arnold  and  Clinton.  Wasliin-rton  appointed  (ireene 
'president  of  the  military  court  that  tried  Andre,  and 
snbseijiiently  (Jreeiietjolieited  the  command  of  West  Point. 


"Ortohcrr,,  IT.-^O. 
««,<?(>.•— A  now  disposition  of    the  army  <.'oiiiij;   tn  he 
*■  Spur/.M  ('ofri.^i>o)iiteiii-r  <if  \Viis/,ii(:itoii,  Vet.  II,  i"   10',', 


»♦ 


MA.IUIMIKNKIIAI.  (lUKKNH. 


•io:' 


*  *  T  llllM' 
ic.  Id  iiullll;.'!! 

.  la-tlu-liy.  I 
r  have  1  t'Vcr 

S   llC'l'll      IICCl'S- 

niir  llinclinll 
IcIK'V   |(»  |il|li- 

lliiiik    iny>(  It' 

('     liccll     IIHU'c 

hiiiiHlywiiii'. 
I'  llitil  I  liavc 
'till  ninl  your 

[irtiiu'iil    willi 

^'diir  iiillii- 

r  :i]i|iriili;ii  imi 

flcr  tlii>!  <l:ilc, 

VL'  Whlti'  silK  t' 

lioilld    Itc  ;,'liiil 

itlu  r  tliaii  \\u' 
itlicr  tlian  I'nr 
iciicc,  alike  l(» 
iiiiis,  the  arm- 

skcddf  Wa^li- 

)artiiu'iit,  l)iit 
if  the  comiiliit 
liiitcd  (irociic 
A  11(1  n',  and 
ifW.'sl  Point. 

tohtrrt,  1780. 
triiiiiij  til  !io 

II.  |.   10-,'. 


n.a.l.'.  and  ui.  ..lli.Tr  a|.i"''"''''l  '-"''-'  '"""i.andnl  W.-t 
I'l.ihi.  I  lake  tlu'  liln  ri\  .I'l-'l  I-  \n\>nuxU'  i.iv  iiniinatinii^ 
l„,-,l..ai.|M'ii.t.m'i.i.  *  •  *  *  Ihuprlh.ivi-nniliin^' 
i,„|..|i,.ai.M.ritnpn.iK.rinllic'a|.i'lirati..n.  I  an.  i"'""'!""' 
,.,,|„,  nuasMiv   linni    llu'  IV'.  line's  in-id.Ml  m  tlir  liuniai. 

l,..nl,-'Hr.     *    *    •  ,         ,, 

111.  nlitaiiicd  it.  l.ut  had  .KTii|ii.'d  llic  l"-t  "iily  a  l.w 
,|„\s  wluii  Wasiiiii-t.m  was  u->\nvAi'i\  l.y  C.n-n'.rt  tu 
ni.M.c  (lutes'  Hum-ssor.  II.'  m  hrtrd  OmTul  (.ivorn-, 
,ir-iiiii^'  him  to  prnmd  ..Miiiusaid  without  di'lay  ;  t<. 
which  ho  ri'plii'd  : 

"  Wkst  I'oiN'i'.  Oi'iiilicr  HI,  171^0. 
.i,s',V._Vuur  i'A.'.li.'U.'s's  l.'it.'i'  of  tlu'  l»lh,  iii.iH.int- 
i„.r  mo  to  tiK-  comn.aMd  of  tlu'  Soiitiuri.  anuy.  was  .icliwivd 
uu-  last,  i-wnin','.     1  hfjr  yiir  HmtIU'IU'V  to  ho  luMsuadrd 
llial  1  am  t'lillv  s.'iisihU-  of  tlu-  honor  you  do  uu:    1  Ioivm'U 
,1„.  ,,„„,„;iMd"will  hi' amnnpanii'd  with  iniii.m.rahlo  om- 
iiarrassnu'iits;    hut   iho  fxcnorons  Mipport  which   I  expect 
In.m  the  partialilv  .-f  Southcni  j,'ciith'incii.  as  well  as  the 
ai.l  and  as.sistamr"l  hope  lo  derixe  iVoni  yoiir  Kxeelleney  ^ 
advice  and  extensive  iniliicMcc  aironls  me  .so,n.- eonsoia- 
(iuii  in  eontemplatinj;  the  ditliciiilics. 

"Iwill  prepare  nivself  for  liie  command  a^  soon  as  I 
,,,n  ;  it  it  was  possililV,  1  shonld  he  -lad  to  spend  a  f.w 
davs  at  h.mie.  hei'ore  I  set  out  to  the  M.nlhward.  especially 
us'it  isalio;,'etlu'r  uncertain  how  lon^'  my  command  may 
continue,  or'wliat  deaths  or  accidents  may  happen  dunn.i,' 
uivahsencc.  However,  it  will  m-t  he  possible  for  me  to 
leave  this  jdace  for  several  days,  if  1  put  my  U\<i'-,v^v  m 
the  least  order,  or  mv  hiisiness  in  prop.'r  train  for  such  a 
lou'^  journev.  Nor  is  my  health  in  a  condition  to  .set  out 
immediately,  havln-  had  u  considerable  fever  upon  me  lor 
several  days,"  etc. 

Washinuton  liad   not    yet  received   intelliueuee  of  the 
biilUe  of   KinjiV  .Mountain;    that  event  hasin;.'  occurred 


y,..J 


»l 


•>o« 


M  \.ioit-(irM:it.\i.  iiiii;i:M:. 


Oi'IiiImt  sill,  only  live  'liiN-'  I'lf'Tc  lir  liiul  ninniimiMiiliil 

toCinvlU'    Ills  ll|>|iHillllllrlll.        II)'    IVlliniiMl   jnl'  llll-WlT  llml 

tlu' ;;rii\f  ;if.|)fil  nl'  inililmy  iitV;iii>  in  S.miiIi  Caniiiiiii  a'l- 
mitlfil  no  (lila.v ;  llial  lif  niUftt  ■'il  fnl  niiinntiiihhf. 
(ii'i'irn'  wrilcH : 

"Wkht  I'iiim',  (M.iImt  I'».  ITnO, 
..  >7,.;__V,iiir  Kxci'llfncy'"*  linor  nf  the  isih  ciinn'  Id 
hunii  llii-i  al'tiTiiiKiii.  I  liail  ^.'iwii  <i\cr  llic  llionirlits  of 
jfoiii;;  liiiini'  i'M'Ii  if  I  olilaimil  vmir  |H'rnii!ij<inii.  Iiifurc  I 
iTi'i'lvi'tl  Vidir  |ili  uMiiv  ii|MHi  the  i-iiliji'tt.  Hi  fnif  I  nianliiil 
fiKiM 'ra|i|ian  I  wnttf  tn  Mrs.  (iriciif  In  cdint'  li»  ramp, 
iind  <  xiK'tl  her  linv  cmtv  iionr.  SImiild  I  >"cl  out  \»'Un\> 
liiT  arrival.  \\w  tiisipltoinlMiciil  nl'  iml  scciii;:  inc.  aiUUil 
III  thf  .-lidik  111'  niv  ;.'niii;r  -niilli^ani.  I  am  utv  appi'i'licM- 
.-JM'  will  llUM!  Httllll'  tli.sijirci'aliif  rlVn  l  ll|i"ll  IliT  lu'allii. 
i'.H|ioiially  as  her  upp»vlu'ii!<i.)ii«  liavr  luvn  ail  alive  roptct- 
iii;r  my  ^'niiij,' sdutliwanl.  Inrort'  llnTc  was  ilu'  Irasl  proli- 
jihility  of  il.  My  lta;:jj;a;:i'  sols  oiil  in  llio  morniii-;,  it! 
('(.Ion.  I  llii.u'lus  (liK!!  not  tli^appniiil  ww  alioiit  tlif  liorsw; 
nixi  mv  xtiiy  hIiuU  not  be  nioiv  tliiiii  f.  <lay  loii^'or,  wIil-IIut 
Mrs.  (Irtcnc  conifs  or  not. 

"Voiir  Kxtrllcncy  caiiiKf*   "-    nioiv  nuxions  to  liiivf  mo 
conif  on,  than  I  am  to  foi.;..  r  onltTs.  I'srKriiilly 

Hiiic'  thf  two  last  artiflcsof  ii  .  the  sailing' of  Iho 

troops  from   New  Ytnk.  ami   IK  •  ul  Luril  C'orn- 

walli.s  into  tho  Stulo  of  North  Ca.  '" 

(icnoral  firocni'  left  West  Point.  OcIoIht  '^Oth.  and 
maili' a  sort  of  Icisnivly.  triumphal  procrssion  wouthwanl. 
He  aihlrc'sseH  the  (■omniandcr-in-chiff  frcun  IMiiladflphia, 
Novcmhcr  ;{il,  ami  a  few  days  aftrr,  finds  himsflf  under 
the  hospitalde  roof  of  Mount  Vernon,  ami  writes  tJius.  hy 
"eunclie  li;;ht  ":  "Mount  Vernoit  is  one  of  the  mo>ti 
Dleusunt  places  I  ever  .saw,  and   I   do   not  wonder  you  s(i 


pi 


*  Bpnrkx'  ('">ri.^p''iiilri,i-'\  Vul   III,,  |>.  l'.J:t. 


MA.Mlll-tiKSKKAI.  UllKKSH. 


•HM 


nllllii  ;ltri| 

i-wir  iliiil 
I'llllllll  ll'l- 


I't.  MM. 
I  ciiini'  li> 
loiiL'lil'  <>!' 

1.   licl'nn'   I 

I  lllini'llrit 

to   ('lllll|l, 

(till   iM'fnl'f 

nil',  adilcil 
U|t|inllrll- 
liT  lu'illlll. 

\v  ropt'ct- 
|iii.-<l  |iritli- 
loriiiii;;,  il' 
lit'  Imrsi'M ; 
r,  wlu'llicr 

()  liavc  inc 
.  I'snci'iiilly 
lih^'iil'  111'.' 
AJl'il  C'ldii- 


Snth.  iiiid 
■loiitlnvanl. 
iilii(l('l|iliiii, 
isclf  iiiidcr 
IS  Uiu-i.  by 
I  lie   inostj 

Illi'T    Villi  SI* 


i 


.,ft.M  l.iM'.'uM.  II.  rniin.  i"  tl«"  pliu-Miv.  uf  .l.mirM.r  l.lr. 

,„.„„llr  r...    Mirll  a^aiTiHri'llVVnil   Miakr.    *       _ 

'  ,,,,.„„  |{i,.|„ni.Mil.  NoM'inlMr  I'.mIi.  !..•  wnii'i:  '•  I  mmi 
,,,viu.a  ai.il  inut.-luill.  nil  II...  inarK^  i-f  n  Mnvl  um 
alliiMinn   that    I   .::..   .i-h.      Y •  I'"';';,  I-'';"'  '"•'"  V 

.in.MllufM'ni.v.  Hl.il    1    alllrNr.V.liMvi.l.ll^V.      ti.VoU  Inl 

llK.'wariu  ina.miT  in  «l.i.'l.  N"U  r.ri.ninu.|Mli'.l  mr  m  i  10 
„„lin...f  voiirlVM.ik     Yom'W,.i-l.l  ami  nillniii.  i'.    ..mI, 

with  Cun;}!'--^  ui.'l  ll'i^  >*«"<".  '"  ^"I'l""'  "''  ""'  !^"">1"''','. 
„,,,,,„ions.  will  lH..Mii.lii.'.'lvini|.nrta..l   m  m.v  .nrn'M.. 
To  AlixuMiU-v  llamillnii  li>'  «r""'  =  ••«Mi'"n.l  Wa-lmi- 
„„M  inll....i.ri' will  ill.  luniv  llia.i  all  ll,i.  iks..,,.  .Ik--  .M-nU 

,,„.,,.„„i„„,„.     1  ahvuVHll.uiiv'liI  tiiniiN. .i.-,vi.i.|.Mla.;, 

,„„  i„  „.ai,s  plans  III.  U  liUli- lis.^  llmi.  a.li.ivil,  ami  ...n. 
vi'ivuUy  a.lii.'iir.l.  Krom  l.iinj:  ll...  rii. ml  nl  tin' (.•  mial. 
iruuinl  in\-rlt"  '•M'-rirm-.-lv  v.rll  iviviM'il. 

Nuiwilli-laniii...'  all   tl.k  ll>'-   '""•'•"'.•.  ..t    (In;  -iMiatinM 

lK.oa..li.laki'l.ol<l.m(;n....|..    (M' lli.  SiH.lli.m  | P  ••   .-; 

vavu.  "I  hilicM-  lli.'vU'WS  anil  wlIu'soI  lli.-ivat  l.i..l> 
l,r  (li,.  propli.  a.r  rnt.nly  will.  ns.  Hul  r.n.i.M'  (lu-  piM- 
H.nal  intlu.n.r  i.f  a  iVw.  ami  ih-y  aiv  a  lilVLss  an.  .nan.- 
inale   nuiHS.  witl'.uiil    .linrtii.n   cr  .^pint    ti.  iniploy  il-o 

..I  canni.t  cunlHnplHi'  n.y  ..wn  .ilnalH.n  wiiln..!  llu' 
umUi'st  ih-frivo  ..!•  ai.xii-ty.  I  nin  lar  nn.i.v.il  in.n.  aln,..>l 
all  n.v  IVii'iMlH  i.n.l  r.mn.rlii.ns.  ami  l.avo  I..  pn.si.M.li'  ii 
v.u-  in  an.Mntn  ii.  H'*'  lH>«t  staU-.  .Ut.-n.l.Ml  wul.  n.sni- 
,„.mntal.liMliiru-nlli...:  Imt  .l.ml.ly  si.  ni.>v,  In.m  tlu-siaU' 
«r  onr  nnan.H.s  ami  till- l"^.-.r  pul.lic  nvil.t      How  I  shall 

,,,  ,,,,,  ,0  support  n.ysolt-  unil.r  all  Urns.  ...nl.arras.mi.nts 
(iuil  ontv  knows!  My  only  fonsolalioi,  is.  thai  it  I  lail. 
1  i,.,p..  it  will  not  |.i.i.cc..n.paniv.l  willi  any  pniiliar  marks 
of  pfrs..nal  ilis-r.mi'.  Cvi.suro  ami  ivproaih  oven  lollow 
*  lh'aHi'»  Lifi  of  (Irii'ie,  Vol.  Ill .  p.  .VI. 


i 


MiU 


MA.ini(.iii;Nt:ii\i.  «i|(»;k!«k. 


Illl>  llllfortlilltlli'.     't'hi-*  I  t'\|N'i't,  if    I  itnti't  xllCCiTil,     Till* 

I'tiiii  iif  tnv  fiiiiiiK  M  uliiit  liitiiv'^  tii)i-i  litiivs  i)ii  ni\  niiiiil. 
Mv  rni'iiint'  14  Kitiiill,  iiihI  tiii>l'i>iliii|i'  III'  i|i>|;i',ii'i'  ii>  m.', 
liMlril  Im'  ruin  III  lli<  til  I  lit';;  mhii'  Kxiu'lliiiry  uill  »|i>  uw 
llic  linimr  Id  I'liiuiiiil  ilic  iiii'ln^i  d  |ii|ir  In  Ml'-,  (Jrii'iM'. 
who  i»  niiilii'id  cMiidilti,'!;  lll»luij'|i)  It)  lll)  ;.'tMiiy  buiuIi- 
wiiril." 

Arriving'  .1  f'liiirlottc.  N'nrtli  Ciirnlifi;!.  Dcccmln'r  vM, 
r.HH,  II till"  11  jiMirins  iif  j«i\  wiik*.  (irt'ciif  nlit'Nfd  •fah"', 
u^>iiiiii'it  I'DiiiintiMil  oT  till'  Soiiilurii  iKiniriiiiiiil,  iiinl 
wi'ih'M!  "'I'd  jrivi- vuiir  Kxci'lltiicv  iiii  idfiiul'  ihc  >iiitt' uimI 
(iiiiditiiiii  of  llii.4  at'iny,  if  it  diTi-viw  llif  iiiiiin' ul'  niii',  1 
I  iiclu-c  \(iii  nil  »'\l  iiiri  of  a  Ictltr  fiiiiii  (i.  iicnil  <lait"' lt» 
ihc  Uniiid  nf  War:  'Nolliiii;'  can  In'  iihiit  un  l»  lud  and 
di-ln-Hiiu'  llian  tlu'  roiidiiiiiii  nf  llic  lrn((|i-,  >|arvin;.'  uilli 
(■old  and  liiinp'i',  williuni  IciiI.h  or  fani|M  (|iii|iap'.  TIhim' 
nf  the  Virginia  line  art-  liliTally  nakiil,  until  fi>i'any  kind 
of  diil.v,  and  iiin-l  niiiain  h>  until  *'|iitliin;{  can  Im'  had 
from  lilt'  north.' " 

Ai^aiii  :"  "I  will  imi  |iiiiii  y»»nr  Kxccllciicy  with  fiirllicr 
arcMiintH  of  thf  wants  and  NiitTiriti;rM  of  ihis  umiy  :  l>iii  I 
am  not  without  ^.'I'cat  appri'hcnsion  of  ii^  entire  di-sidii- 
tion  iinifs-*  the  eoniiiiis-ai'\',s  ami  i|n:irlerma-ter'^  ileparl- 
nieiits  can  lit!  rendered  more  eiiiii|ieteii|  |o  thedemanni 
of  llie  xrviee.  Nor  are  the  elolliiii;;  and  ho-iiital  de|iarl- 
nieiil.s  iipoii  a  hetter  fotjiiii;:.  Not  a  oliilliii^  in  tlie  puv- 
clieMt,  nor  a  proHpect  of  any  tor  months  U  'onie.  This  i,s 
really  makini,'  hrickH  willnmt  ntraw."  ••  P.  S.  'I'his  m-i- 
nieiit  aeeoiints  lia\e  lieen  received  that  (Jeiicra!  Le-lie 
laniled  his  troops  at  ClMirlestoii  on  !l.e  '■ilut  Deeeinher, 
ami  on  the  '^Jth  was  at  Slonk'w  corner." 

'I'h's  was  .strict ly  true.  |. Ill  not  at  ail  new.  Xor  was  it 
pecnii  ir  to  the  Caiolina-.  'I'lie  \'ir;:inia  troops  at  hoinu 
were  nakeil  :  Siiuiter's  and  Marion's  hami  of  lieroe.s  wero 
in  liie  .sime  state;  yet  at  tliis  \cry  time.  ImiiIi  in  Virjrinia 
a:id  Carolina,  tiiey  were  in  active  warfare  and  doiiij;  capital 


.J 


>|,V»«H«»'K'* »•»»•*''  •'»►'►:'*►•• 


■,Ml 


VI- 1.    Tit.' 

IIIV  lllilhl. 
Ii'r  111  nil', 
Uill  il<i  IIM' 
l>.  ( til  Thr. 
ili^;  oniitli- 

iiil'i'i'  M. 

\t'il  iiah'w, 
llrlll,  mill 
■  Htiilt'  ami 

•  iif  iillr,  I 
il  tJuli"  Id 

tl'lll'll   !lll>l 

I'vili;:  Willi 
V.  TliiM- 
r  iinv  kiln  I 
III  ill'  IkmI 

III  riirllicr 
i.v  :    I  111  I  I 

re  (ii-siilii- 
•'^  lii'imrl- 

•  licinjitHif 

till  ilr|ilirl- 
II  llli'  piiv- 

'.     Til  is 'in 

This  III'.. 

ml    f,c«lii' 

hcfiiiilicr, 

N'ltr  Wiis  it 

IS   111    llulllc 

oi'oi's  wcru 

II  Virjriiiiii 
iig  ciipiliil 


i;      H 


«.rvl.v.  !fnw  ..n.n  h.ul  th.*  iirmv  ..r  tin  . i.mmim'UMii- 
Hiiir  iMvri..h  uii«wt  imI  t"  »l>i*  •l.-»t'i|,tiMii. 

Tl...  ...MiiiiuiMlrr  .lunlMlrM  iviiili.U.l  !.••»  "nir-.  f-.l- 

.irni...  r..|.li-:    "  V "   H^ "'■•"•>'^   »"""''/''    ':"'.'."■ 

lKri:nli.niiM.i..  I.aii.ltlii..l.«>.  Il  '••••"•■  I  ••"""' •".""• 
Hou.l.wanl  III  .■x|K..l.,li..i.  ..r  mvUu'A  willi  .lilll.  ull..- 5 
|,»l  llhV  ruri-m'i'a  wliiit  I  l.u.l  iinv  I'l-u -f  «»' 

will  ,lo"ull  ill  "iir  |.M«..r;  l.i»i  ili''  >"l«l'^''"  l'-'^''  'J"  'l'!'"''* 
„„.|  ,1  „  i,„iH...ihl..  III.  V  ..lioul.l  ill  III.  ir  I'lVM.nl  Mniaiinit. 
/  ,r,sl,  lh>  vi„m>l  wonhhlirr  ,>m  „  l,Ul>  >n>„r  h„,r  h  i>n,.n'r 
,„ns,hr..    ll..«i.v.T.  I  .Ini.-t  int.iMl  •'.  t-jlr"^^'  "»l  '-'^ 

N..rtli('ar..liiiu.  il^  /'•""/'"""'%"'■""'  ''• 

l„  II,   .III.    II «i>n...Ml  «ir-iM'   l.'xl  .Mill   liuninrr 

„„.l'r  NVa.l.i..;rlni.--  «i..^'.  aii-l  i.-.w.  in  -i.-in..;;  "''••'•'• 
,„„„,  ,,  .|,|,arl.n.iii  M-  m-Iiiiu'  fi-ni  «!•">■;,""  '■'  "•''  ^  '"•^"• 
.Milk..  li.'li:i4ov.iv.tiiiial.'.lliiHiil.ilili«'^.  . 

|.'i„.liii-  il  iiii il'l"  lMMil...isl  lii^  iin.iN  n.af(  lull  ott  , 

1„.  |,„1  ..,11  Ki.-.i,i,kn  liMMilivii-li  a  iMMtiniiih  ainiit. 
ral,v.i.„M.nll,|.|'.a.v.n.(l..rawllilk  TI.i.Iht  ...v.  no 
|,.l  hi.  ,mnv.umving..n  Pinnil.  r  ■M.h.  1  .M).     <.nr.,c, 

wanl.'.l  ......  niniv;    the   iru.-i..   liauiig  tnUilly   l-l    tli.ir 

ili«(i|»liiii'." 


If  to 
lit 


(Ir'nio's  hiu-mi.hrr  .i.y^  H.mI  In-  a-MiH-.-a  hmi^.ir  I. 
...lisrilililiin-  iM.th  ..m.rrs  aii.l  liu-l..  n,nli„!l  hsopn's  h 

llli  if  li'ifti/i  "/■  //"""//'/  "'"/  rnnffvsiitioii."  t 

Wffiil  hill  ni.i  Will  tinic.l.  ill  Ni.w  ..f  ihi'  military 
.tains;  tho  immimiil.  .l-a-lU  rimM-vmy  al  lhaMi.nmo.it. 
l„,th  in  VirKiniaiiMcl  llir  Carolinas.  IN.li.Hlnn-anns  niil.n 
tiuui  n.unmTs  was  in  ..hUt.  wh.ii  Arnuhl  was  ravajim;t 
ViP'iniaaml  hnniin^'  Inr  t"Wii-.  wIh'Ii  rnriiwaHis  will, 
his  ...Miljiitui-  Itawili.n.  W  ilM.  r  ami  Tarl.lon  w^v  spn  a,l 
ovri'SuiiihCarnlina  linMiii- Iht  la^i  h'liml:  ainl  !.-lw.  i.y 

*  Spniku'  I'orniiioiiiliufi,  Vol.  111.,  p.  '.'US. 
\  Uinin'^  Life  '•J'<'r(in>. 


•41  "i 


NAItMl'ltr.XKHU.  ilRI'.r.NK. 


llrt't>i)i'«i>wH  ri|»i»rt,  wiili  two  tlii>ii*iiH)l  tr*'*U  inMi|i-,  |)tii| 
liiit'liii  it)  Chill |i'>iiMi  iiii>l  imImiiiixI  iliirl\  milt  •  on  tii<  Mity 
|i>  jitiii  roiiittiillii..  A»itlt'  front  iliiti  "r.iiii|Mif  Ut)M..i'." 
ttlitii  li'»|N'  ti»  nnifr>»iii  iliU  f.tfmiiluMi' iii.iii)  !  Snitiiir 
iiimI  Million  wi'h'  ill  llif  lul'l !  IhIow  mill  Littiiii  ('.ilniliii 
iiikI  Cli.il'li  •lull,  uiili'liiiiv'.  liJinixin;:,  iiipI  \vii<liitur  llii* 
I  lit  tiiv,  iiihI  kit'iMii;*'  <ir«» III-  iiiftniHul  »»t  iIk  ir  •  vi  ry  ii»uv»'» 

llli'Ul, 


I 


ft  • 


IL 


•  •h  ltt>  Mity 

if     III   )M..t'," 

1  SmiiiIiI' 
I'll  Ciliiilt'ti 
ii'iiitur  tilt* 
Nirv  iitiAi" 


T 


XXIV.     1>".ITM. 

MoiUJAN  rn  rill'  iiKscii:. 

C-^ATI'Slurl  I.U1I..I  ll..iii.iMl   ill   In-   •"•n|'  "f   l»"<ll.'l 
J    M..r.'ai..      Ii    M.ii.l    !.«•  Nit.l  of  Itiiil  ..mm-  tliiil   I.- 

wa.  .lokK  «l'^"  '"■  "'■'''»•  '"  '^••'•'»"'"»  »'"'  '•^••"•'-"'""'•"  ''"• 
rm'fii;'iit'"»r  lii«  liinkni  num.  ....         ,       • 

Uni'  Miiivl.tii.l  1»'»'"*-.  l.i.-.it.imiiH'..lnU.I  llnvvim  aii.l 
r..|.M.I  tmiu  II.  Williiiiii-.«''rr  ili..r..«illi  tli.iiMiniMn« 
,„,„i,u.i,hilH:  MM...  ..f  III.'  ViiKiuia  lii..;;  «,il,  i.i.l.iu 
iu.>vls   uin.-l  ;  in  all  almiil  f...iri.vii  Iniii.liv.l  iifii. 

Mnrm,.,  «.M  limir  .liut..|.v  liniml  In  Ih-  N-nl.  Cor.-lm'* 
„,,„|,.,,ili...  I.,  lak.'  n.n.M.uii.l  of  llu'if  i.iililui,  lut   «.UH'^ 

l.a.l  ai...tl..T  pl.n.      I'l-n.  tl..  t«..  I...iiali f  .i.tui.ln. 

lu.    M.lirU.I    r.M.r  l.i.ii.lnHl    pi.k  .1    ......    u...li'.-  <'..oiH'l 

llowar.1;  u  ronipaiiy  ..r  ritln.-n  un.Lr  rj;ini..  I{n-! 
K...I.    fm-im-nt.  of    Culoi,  I.    Ul.ii-    "'.,1    W  ...|..M;rinii  j 

...ival.v  HM  lia.l ap.'.!  tin-  wwonl  of  'P.irl.t..,,.  «,  ;••  unit.'. 

nnln-'l.a.utrnaMt  Coloiu-l  \Vasl..in-lni..  i.ikI  tl..' .■Mn.n.Mihl 
.,r  111-  ul.ol..  KivH.  10  Colo.;.!  .Mor.'ai.."  Ortoh..-  I  l.>«>. 
iu„  HV.i.  .lus.i  Ik.Ioiv  King'.-  Moai.taiii  ll..iu'<l  vmH'  >i"l- 

'  U,M,i''intrni-.-n.T  of  tl.M  flno  Htrokr.  vill.  ll.-'  loi.il 
,|,.mi.ir.-,..'nt  ol'  Cuniwulii-"  I'Imh-  ni..l  l.i«  lal.."'.'  '"^''k 
from  N.-iH.  Carnlimi.  Mor-.m  I'lv.-'l  l''nvunl  "1^-  '"<" 
Suntl.Can.li.i:..  .\t  tl.l<  tin..' <i;iti- ^..«■..^M  tl..  lulMv- 
i„..r  r.-uliiiinMnf  ( 'nn-iv.ri  wit h  .■..luuii -h-ii  o!  Ungadur 
lii'iK'ial  foi'  Mnr^ruii  : 

"  ( 1, villi, „'^  l.:jy '/  .»/■"■,'/■'".  !'■  '-''"'• 


'i 


U  111 


ait 


M(JU(iA.N   TO  Tllj;   UI,S(  I  i:. 

"Oc<,-/;,r  is,  IT80. 


'•  III  ('i>N(ii;r.s,-(. 

'•('i»n,;:r>'s>  iduU  into  ciinsidcratioii  tlic  rciioi't  nt'  the 
Hdiinl  nl' War  ri-|ic(iiiiu  tin' iirniiniiiuii  nl'  Cnlniirl  .M(ir- 
;;Mii.  (iml  it  a|i|K'iiriii,u  Irnin  tlic  IctUi's  of  (iovci'imrs  Ji'llVr- 
Sdii  and  liiillcdu'i',  and  ot'  Majni'  (IcinTal  (iati'S,  lliut 
('(iloiid  .Miir;;:in's  |irniiuili(Mi  In  ill''  raiiU  nt'  HriLTadicr 
(tciici'al  will  iviiiovc  M'vcrai  (•iiil)airas.Mii','iiis  wiiicli  im|ii'dt' 
tli(  piihlic  stTvici'  ill  tlic  SdiiiluTii  Di'iiaiiiiicnl  and  ihal  it 
will  ollui'wisc  greatly  advaiici'  llic  saiil  service. 

"• /.Vwy/zw/.  'i  erel'dre.  tliiit  Cnloiiel  Daniel  .Mtiriran  lie, 
and  lieivliy  is,  ai>iM)int('<l  to  the  ranU  of  IJriuadier  (ieiiei'al 
in  tlie  army  ul'  the  I'nileil  States. 

*•  ('ii.\i!i,i;s  TiioMi'.sox,  Secretary," 

E.\tract  from  the  mimites. 

('<in;ri'at Illations  ]iniired  in  njioii  liini  from  lirdtlier 
ollicers  wlio  host  knew  his  worth,  and  Moruan  set  his 
I'aee  to  the  foo.  His  littlv'  force  Inul  heen  in  part  clotlied, 
liiit  they  were  without  tents,  wapMis.  camp  oipiipiifio, 
coinniissariat  or  hospital  stores,  'i'liey  were  expected  to 
lind  their  own  provisions,  liuht  and  sleep,  with  no  shelter 
from  the  storm  and  no  coverinif  from  the  ni^lit  <U'WS, 
"hevond  the  hranches  of  tlu'  trees  on  the  leeward  side  of  a 
hill." 

They  soon  found  something''  to  d^i.  A  n<'st  of  lories 
wore  fjathcrod  at  Iho  farm  of  one  iiu.irly,  who  had  received 
a  commission  of  ('(donel  from  the  British,  and  was  re- 
crniliiiif  lor  the  Uin;j;'s  service.  Morijran  detached  his 
cavalry  under  Colonel  Washintrton.  to  Imak  them  np. 
Jfiii:ly  hearinir  of  their  approach,  intreiiclu'd  himself  in  a 
lu;,'-house  with  a  line  of  aliatti<.  etc. 

Colonel  Washin^rton  saw  at  onet'  that  his  tmop  of  horso 
was  inade(pialo  to  the  situation.  Fruitful  in  resourci's,  ho 
inii)rovisod  artillery,  by  moiintinji  a  pine  loir  upon  wheels, 
disposed  his  forces  as  if  for  a  cannonade,  and  sent  a  cor- 


J 


MoiKiAN  TO  Tin:  ui:-< ii;. 


•,'ir. 


nr  is,  1T80. 

)(irt  nf  ilic 
i>loiii'l  Mdi'- 
iKirs  Jfllcr- 
liuti's,  liiat 
r  l{riLru(liti' 
lich  ini|i('<lt' 
iiml  Ihal  it 

Miiriraii  1k', 
licr  (ii'iicnil 

.'crc'tarv," 


)m  l)rcitlK'r 
;:aii  set  liis 
art  C'lutlu'd, 
»  o(nii|iajii', 
rxpi'dcil  t(» 
1  no  slu'lttT 
iiifrlit  (lews, 
ml  si(k'  ((!'  !i 

st  of  torii's 
lail  iVL'civcd 
iiul  '.vns  rc- 
I'taclit'd    Ills 

^     tlll'lll     U|l. 

liiusi'ir  ill  ii 

io|i  of  liorso 

vsourci's.  lie 

poll  wlioc'l.s, 

scat  ii  cor- 


J 


noral  of  .Iniironns  Willi  a  sniiMiioim  l.>  siinvn.lcr.  l.'n^'b' 
mailrnn  i.arlrv.  l.iit  Minvnd.iv.l  at  oii.v.  and  W  a«liin-lon 
,„;,,Tlicd  Lack"  Willi  a  hmidivd  u,y\  pii-niiu'-.  |.ruM-inii,.. 

'"(iau'>"annvliadiiiraiiuirilrad'.aii.rdlo(  l,;iii.t!c.  u  Imiv 
(leiicral  div.'ih'  took  cniiimand.  Will,  a  .',  laToiis  cm. 
Mdcralinii  for<;alrs-  frdiii-.  lie  conlirnird  all  that  (^Im- 
••rai's  .-laiidiiitr  orders,  iucliidiici  llios.'  to  Moruan.  'I'>^'> 
weeks  later.  Dcc.'iiilM'r -^ittli.  (ircciic  Willi  llie  iiiaiii  army 
„r.,l,„ul  twcKc  liiiiidrcd  men  marched  loChcraw  Hills  on 
ti,c  I'rdee;  Morpiii  with  a  force  of  le.-s  than  ^ix  hundred 
|u,  hed  forward   to  the  country  hclwecn   tlic  Inroad  and 

I'licolel  rivers.  .  . 

Hid  instructions  from  (Ireeiie  wcv.  to  take  posilioii  wvst 
of  tlieCalawl.a.  and  as  sotm  as  joined  l.y  the  militia  he 
was  to  actolTcnsively  nrdelVnsiv.dy  as  his  prudence  and 
(lisoivtion  miirlit  direct.  '■  (ov/zV////-/  sHrpn'^''-^  I'll  ('"■rH  /'">"• 
siOle  uvvranlh,,."  W^^  wa.  directed,  if  Ihe  enemy  moved 
towards  the  main  armv  at  Clieraw  Hills  to  follow  t liein 
„„.l  join  forces  with  (iiveiie.  He  wa-  aNo  directed  to 
keci.'dreeiie  constantly   informed  of   the   enemy  s  move- 

uunts.  etc.  . 

Monranluid  entertained  hi-h  hopes  ol  a  laru'c  r.'inlorce- 
meiit  of  militia,  perhaps  s.mic  of  the  upland  yeomanry 
„f  Kin.r-s  Mountain  fame.  ■  hnt  the  savai^e  trihes  were 
astir,  tln-eateniiiji-  their  setllemeiits :  they  were  compelled 
to  remain  and  stand  jruard  at  tleir  own  calnn  doors.  A 
letter  from  the  patriot  leader  Davidson  ev[.laiii<  : 

'■/>,.•« //(^/- It,  KSO 
'•  Av'/' .SV/v— Mvord.  rs  fn>m  (leneral  (Ireeiiewere,  to 
j,,in  vou  as  soon  "as  p<..vsihlc  after  you  crossed  the  river, 
which  1  should  have  eirected  hefore  this  time,  had  the 
troops  joined  a<;reetil)le  to  my  expectations.  iJut  the  ex- 
pedition a-ainst  the  Ciicrokee  Downs,  mid  the  murders 
committed  ill  Uutherfordaiid  I'.urke  counties  have  entirely 


i  r_' 


)tto 


MOK<.\N   TO  Tin:  iti;s(tK. 


llniun  nlV    llic    llllrnlM I"   lllr    jHopIo  who  Wi'lV    In   cnm- 

JKIS,'   IMS    (■I'lllIllMlnl,  I'll'.,  itc. 


\VM.  UaS  lU-ON. 


••(aiurii!  l>.\Nii:i.  .MoiMi.VN." 


an 


Mnr-iiii  i'cll  III"  iMci'c  iiiiNirly  Ix'i'iuiM' every  iii«lk'iiti"ii 
)Miulril  tu  a  iiin\cmeiil  ol'  (•nniualli>'  anu\.  .-'•  .sonii  as  lie 
.slinllKI    he    joilie.l    \,\   I.eMle.       lie    lia.l    -real  1\   .Irsiiv.l    In 

filter  al  nmv  iiim.m  i.lViii^iNe  \\vl\  ..p'''"" '"  ^^'''"'''  ^^''''*' 

iiielu.le.l  .-.iieee-.^is.'altarks  npnii  N  ii.eiy-.Mv  aii.l  AnJ.'ll^la. 
..A  even  an  atla.'U  iiim.ii  llif  eainp  of  (  oruwallis  liim.-.ll. 
These  j.lai'.s  lie  was  now  ei.iii|.elle.l  lo  rdiinini  li.  liiaM.' 
t.)(l(.  what  lie  wniiM.  he  |iroeee(le.l  i..  ih.  uhal  i.r  eoiiM, 
ineslal.iishiiiLr  iiia-azin.'s..r  siii.pii.'S  al  varinns  poinls  in 
hi-  rear,  ami  or^raniziii;.'  a  ssslein  ..f  n.ililaiy  .1.  leetives  hy 
wliieli  lie  eoiild  I'e  siipplinl  wilh  >i.ee(ly  an.l  eonslaiit  in- 
rnrinaiinn  t.I'  evi^ry  nio\< meiit  ..f  llie  tiieniy;  reports  weiv 
to  he  rnrnislied  at  least  twice  in  iw.nty-l'oiir  hours.  He 
uLsotlispaleheil  Colonel  W  a.-liin-lon  ami  Major  Merall  to 
Fair  rore<l  Creek  to  l.reak  up  a  lar^'e  eani|.  of  to'ies. 
They  eoinp'.elely  surprised,  routed,  eaptnivd  or  disiur-^ed 
tlu.  "wiiolr  hody.  These  tory  eneouiilers.  thoii-h  mere 
aeirssories  to  "Mor.:aii's  treiieral  plans.  w»  re  imiiieii-ely 
useful  in  protect  ill-' the  families  and  property  of  the  whigs, 
aii'Mii  iniimiilatin.^Mlie  rising  <ir  the  l.iri.'S. 

I'.ut  a  powerful  eomhinat ion  wa-  form ing  against  liim, 
and  he  I'onsaw  earnest  worU  at  hand.  Coniwallis  well 
knew  the  temper  of  .Morgan's  steel.  Memories  id'  i'iseala- 
wav  and  Hahway,  rose  upon  him.  He  had  heen  '^'""n  K^ 
Morgan's  riile-halls  throughout  the  eampuigns  of  Kit, 
l^.N^and  ni'.i  in  the  .I.iveys-.  and  he  had  a  Briti>li.  not 
an  .\mcriean  estimation  of  the  hri f  Saratoga. 

Coniwallis  was  aiitici|iating  an  early  advance  inti)  Noiih 
Carolina  >o  soon  as  I,c-lie  came  up  :  hut  when  he  learned 
that  Mor-an  was  aliijd.  and  hoveling  in  the  vicinity  of 
his  imi'orlant    p.i-!<of   >;in"ty>i\   and  .\n;ru-ta,  he  called 


MoitdAN  TO  Tin;  i;i:.-''  t  i:. 


o  Were    In   cnin- 
,1.  1»AS  1U,>0.N. 


ivcrv  iii(li(.'iiti"ii 

l\  .  Ml  HOdll  lis  111' 
■l'illl\    I'.rsircil    to 

i«  ill  wliicli  wi'ix' 
i\  iiiid  Aiij.'nMii, 
iiwiillis  liiiii.-cll'. 
niiiili.  I'iimIpIi' 
>  u  lull  III'  coiilil, 
iirimis  poiiils  in 
u\  (1.  U'l'tivi'S  Ity 
iiul  cniistiint  in- 
\\\\  ri'iiiTt.s  Wffo 

fnlll'  lliilll's.       IK' 

Miijur  Md'.ili  lit 

i;illl|)  of    (<i'ii'!<. 

red  nr  (iisiu  r-:('<l 

•S.     lllOll^ll     IIUTI' 

Win'  ininu'ii-ily 
■rty  ol' till'  \\\\\'fl^, 

iiiir  iip'iiinst  liim. 

('nril\V;!llis    Well 

iiiirics  1(1'  I'isciita- 
1(1  lii'cii  stun;.'  liy 
iliiii.L'iis  of  IMT, 
nil  11  Bri(i>li.  not. 
r.itoij:;!. 

v;ini  T  into  Niiiili 

wIk'ii  lie  li'.iriK  (1 

II  ihc  \  ii'init'>  of 

,11 ','11 -1:1.  Ill'  <mII''i1 


for  liis  valiant  ('ol.iu'l  'I'lirli'loii.  'I'Ihtc  coul.l  li-  no  ad- 
\ai,rr  wiihoiil  liivl  disl>o>iiii;  "1"  Morgan.  It  was  m-w 
•  laiiiiary  I  ".>!. 

"  U'iNNsiioiidi  i.ii,  .liuiimiy  2,  17^1. 
<•  l>.„r  'r<'rh/n>i:-\  .-mt  llaidaiic  |o  yoii  la>l  iii.-ln.  t<> 
(Ir/nv  you  would  pa--  I'.ioad  risvr  with  tlir  ligioii  and  llu' 
lir.-l  hattalioii  ol'  lli«'  '.l-i  a-  m-oii  as  [.o.-sildc.  If  Mnr-iiii 
is  siill  at  Williams,  or  aiivulirri'  wiiliin  your  ri'arli.  I 
should  wi>li  vo'i  to  /nt.'^/t  liiin  Id  Ihc  iihiiosl.  I  liaw  not. 
|„.„nl.  cMvpi   from  .Mi'Artliur.  of  liis  lia\ in.;:  cannon,  nor 

wniild  1   Indii'M' it.  (Acci.l  oii\cr>^r 1  all!  Iioriiy.     Ii  IS 

iiuUTVcr.  pos>il.ii'.aiid  Niiii'l\-.M\  is  of  so  iiiiuli  iniiiorlancc 
that  no  tiniL'  i^  to  hr  lost. 

"  Voiirs  siiu'i'ivly, 

••C'oitNnAi.i.is." 

Mor^'an's  own  plan  was  to  lt- t  into  tin'  I'.rilish  ivar  :  to 
i,i;-|i  (Lwii  into  (ooi'gia.  I'oinprl  tlu'iii  to  R'tiirii  to  llio 
,,,,,■,,,„,,, ,f, I,,,-,,., .11  iiaiVd  posts,  and  tlius  r.'licvi' tlic  States 
,,f  Norili  Carolina  and  Virginia.  .\  roiirsc  t'liiini'i'.tly  wim', 
a^  fiituiv  oprralion.  sliowid.  It  looked  a  hazardous  gaim; 
iiulird.  and  would  hiivi'  hi'i'ii  in  ollur  liaud-^  :  hut  .Mor- 
gan.  ihoi.Ldi  niodi'st  as  valiant,  and  prudent  as  modest, 
roulil  vel'  niea>un'  his  own  ivsolines.  lUil  (ineiie.  who. 
.lohnsoii  savs.  -never  played  a  ha/ardoiis,  game  wlieii  a 
safe  one  would  do."  forhade  Morgan  from  going  m.  far 
from  the  "  Camp  of  h'.iio-e"  in  the  Cheraw  Hills. 

'I'heir  corre.-^pondeuee  at  this  time  will  hest  (lisclose  tlio 
situation.  [  I'll"  letters  are  copied  from  dni/unn'.s  Lifv  nf 
Jlur:j(in—{\.i'  italics  are  ours.J 

(Ivnenil  O'irciir  In  (lonral  M«r(i(t)i. 

"('AMI'  ON  Tlir.  Clir.ltAVVs,  I)( inlier 'JO,  ItSO. 

"Dinr  >'/V;— We  arrived  here  on  the  -^(Ith  inst.,  after  a 
very  tedious  and  disagrt'cahlc  uiurcli,  owing  to  the  hadness 
10 


91  r 


MitiiuAN  TO  iiir.  i:i;>''i'i'. 


of  llic   nii'Is  iind  111"  jiour  uimI  wnik   ,^(iiti' (.f  <»iir  Iciuih. 
Our  prn«|.ccl..  Willi   irLTMni   l>»  i-ruvi,-iuii,s  arc  iiuikIc d.  but 

thi .  is  no  K,u'\|il. 

••  I  Ii;iv.>  llii-i  iiioiiuiit  nctivcil  iiih  lli;.'cii(M'  liiiit  (iclicnil 

\a:A\v  IlilS  IlllMlril  Jl!  (IkIiI.-IoII.  illl'l  Is  oil  Ilis  WllV  |o 
Cilllltlrll.       IIi>  lolVC  i-   ill'OllI    IWo  llinllMllld.    i"  rllil|i^  .<ollir- 

lliiiii;  |,.-s.  I  mil  iilM'  iiiloriiH'!  tliiil  l'"i"'l  <'oniuiilli>  \niH 
viAkvUd  Ills  tron|is  iil  r;;!ii  li  n.  Voii  vvill  wiiuli  tluir 
iiK. lions  viTV  iiiirrowiy  and  Inh  rinc  niul  ipianl  dH'iin^^t  n 
sin-jnisr.     >/ii>iili/  l/ii//  imrv  l/iis  mii/.  ami    i''iil  iinhvmr 

l„  rrnss  Ihr  I'in r  ini'f  'jnii,  IIS.     I) I  1k'  s|.arin,u  o|'  _v(.ur 

(.\l.ivsscs,  l.iit  let  iiH'  know  lis  (d'lcii  II-'  iH.ssiMi'ol"  \oiir 
Kiliiatioii.  I  wisii  tol.c  Cully  inrninird  of  voiir  prosiu'ct 
n'S|K'ctin<i  provision.-,  and  iilso  tlir  iiiinil)rr  of  niililiii  llmt 
liiiy  joinnl  \oii.  A  liir^'f  luiinhrr  (d'  Idil-  and  liat.lirls 
iiiv  oil  till'  road.  As  soon  as  llicv  arrive,  von  sl'ull  l.i^ 
supplied.  Many  other  artieles  neees-ary  for  tliis  army. 
purticuUu-ly  shoes,  are  eoiiiinjX  on. 

'•  I  am,  sir,  voiir  most  olii'dient  servant, 

"  Naiii.vnii.i.  (lull  Ni.. 

"  (o'lieral  Daniel  MoiiOAN." 

■riic  aiiiu'xed.    from        'oiiel    ( >.    H.   Williams,  ivaelud 
Morgan  at  the  same  time: 

"('AMI'  AT  CllKUAW  Illi.l.s.Pioinliir  :'.(). 

"  Drill-  (I'nirnil  .-—I  eiu-lo  e  you  a  iiund'er  of  l.lUr  .  l>y 
ii  .«er<reaiit  .d'  I.ieiilenant-Coionel  Washiu^'toirs  rej,'imeiit, 
which  1  hop.,  will  arrive  safe.  Wcareat  i-rcst'iit  in  a  "camp 
of  repo-c."  and  theCeneral  is  exert in;i  himself  and  every 
body  else  lo  pui  Ids  little  army  in  a  lirtter  condition.  Teiiis 
siillicieni  for  a  larger  army  than  ours  are  eomin.ir  from 
I'hiladelphia  ;  iheV  are  expected  t-.  arrive  early  m  .lanii- 
tiry.  We  also  expect  shoes,  shirts  and  some  other  articles 
ossuntiallv  uecossarv.  (ieneral  Marion  writes  the  (icneral 
that  (Iciirral   Leslie  lauded  at  Charleslou   with    hi.s   com- 


MoiMiAN  T!>  Tin:  ui'ntri:. 


Il'.t 


of  (»iir  It'iiiiH. 

'   iiuikIi  ll,  Ijlll 

I  iluil  (ifiicnil 
•I I   liis  wiiy  III 

: 'iini\viilli>  lias 

II  wiilcli  tliiir 
'lit I'll  iiijii'n!>t  II 

ii'ill  I  iiifiin'iir 
piiriiiii  III'  your 
^S^lM^'  til"  \<iiir 

your  pntsiK'ct 
III'  mililiii   lluit 

■  ;ilul  liatrlicts 
■.    von     sl'Ull    111' 

I'lir  I  hi-  iiniiy. 

srrvaiit, 
Nll.l.   (JlM.I  Si.. 


llianis,  ivachril 


,s,  llici'inliiT  IK). 
LT  ol"   liltrr  .  I'V 

rtoii'.s  rci,'iiiu'iit, 
sent  in  a  "caniii 
iiisi'lf  and  (.'Very 
(nditimi.  'i\'nis 
IV  eoiniiijr  i'roi" 
L-  early  in  .lann- 
niMitluT  arliok'S 
iti'S  till'  fu'iienil 
will,    liii^   coni- 


niiiml  iiM  llri'i'inlii  r  'Hn\\,  ami  llial  lir  iiad  ail\;ini  ril  as  I'lir 
Its  Miink'.s  ('iirinr  -priilaliiy  tlir\  Mian  In  Inrin  a  jnni- 
linn  iinil  alU'inpl  Id  ::i\r  a  lilow  In  ii  jiiirt  of  our  I'urci' 
uliiic  ur  ;irr  (li\iili'i|,  ii„i/  I, Ills/  jiniliiilihi  Hull  hliiir  irill  lii> 

lllllliil  lit  l/nlf.  Its  iilir  iiiisiliiiii  ill  lliV  II  III I'f  lif'  II  H'ilili  flll'S< 
IS  Ir.ss  ih  n^aililr  lliilii   i/iiiir  il'iiip. 

'•  I  kiinw  Niiur  tliscrrlinii  rriiilrfs  all  riniiun  iViini  nil' 
iiimri'i--ai'y  ;  ImiI  my  jVicnii-liip  u  ill  pli;|.|  an  f\rnM'  I'm' 
llii'  iMipi'i'tiiniii'i' (if  wishin:,' yi.ii  Id  inn  im  ri.-k  id' a  de- 
I'ral.  May  yonr  laurels  IIdiiim-Ii  ulim  MMir  links  fade,  and 
an  aL'e  III'  piaee  ivuard  ynin'  toil-  in  war.  My  loNe  Id 
esery  relliiw-stddii  r,  and  adieu. 

*'  Viiiirs,  inosi  inily. 

"U.  U.  Williams. 
"  Uri.Lradier-deiieral  Mduiiw.*' 

.Miiruaii.  riiiiu  liiseanipuii  llie  I'aeolet.  wrilcs  (d  (ien- 
eral  (ireeiio  alitaiL  the  .-unie  dale  : 

"  />,rimhir:',\sf,  ITSO. 

"  /liiir  (iiiirrnl: — AftiT  an  nnintensiinj^  iiiarrh.  I  ar- 
rived at  this  place  on  the  :'51h  of  Deei  inher.  *  *  *  * 
'i'he  militia  are  inerea-ini,'  fast,  so  (hat  we  eaniiDl  he  siip- 
|ilied  in  this  neiifliliorliDDil  more  than  two  or  three  ila\~  at 
farthest.  Were  we  Id  aihanee  ami  lie  eDiisli'ained  Im  re- 
treat, the  eonseipienees  would  be  very  disairivealde,  and 
this  must  lie  the  ea^e  vhonld  we  lay  near  Ilie  enemy  and 
Cornwallis  reiiifnree.  whieh  he  can  dowiili  :rreat  faeilily. 

••(leiieral  Davidson  has  hron^hl  in  one  hundred  and 
twenty  men.  and  has  retnrned  to  iiring  I'orw.ird  a  draft  of 
livu  liiindred  men.  Colonel  I'iekens  |ia<  joined  iiie  with 
sixty.  Thirty  or  forty  of  tlie  men  \\ho  came  out  wiili 
him  have  frone  into  North  Carolina  to  secure  their  ell'ecis, 
and  will  immediately  repair  to  my  camii. 

'•When  1  shall  have  collected  my  evpected  force.  I  shall 
he  at  a  loss  how  to  u'l.     Cmilil  a  ilirirsinii  In'  inuih  in  im/ 


'«!•.'(> 


MoUdAN  TO  Tin;  iji;sii  K. 


fiimr  //>/  //..■  iii'iiti  iiniii/  I  -Ih'IiM  wi-lt  \»  munh  inl.i 
'(li'i»r;:iii.  'I'd  iiic  il  npiii'Mr.-*  im  inUi-iililc  m  Iriiic.  Imt 
slioiild  Im'  li.ip|iy  tH  rt'Cfivi'  yniir  ilirniimi^  nii  i!ii«  |Miiiii. 
IIS  //n;/  iiiKsl  hr  ///!■  i/in'i'i'  of  mi/  iirlimts. 

"I    IlllVl'    CUll^llllCll    will)  (iclicnil     |);l\  ill-nil  lllnl    CnlolK  I 

I'ickcii.-',  vvlicllirr  «'•  f'nlil  .-iriuv  a  .-afc  rftiv.n  .|i  >iiM  \\v 
l.c  piislicil  liy  il  .-iiiicrinr  r.nr.  They  l.-II  iiic  it  mii  Ik- 
easily  flVnli'tl  Itv  |i.i-siii^'  ii|tliir  S.iMiliiiali  aii'l  tl.  -ill;,' 
n\cr"tli.'  Iifiul.s  III'  till'  riviTs  iiliiii;r  til''  Imliaii  iiin'.  'l'<» 
.•\|Hlliti'  lllis  lll<i\rlllrlll.  >llnlllil  il  ituvt  witli  \  oiir  a  |i|ini- 
lialioii.  I  liavc  sciil  Cur  oih'  liiiiivlrnl  .-uorils.  wliirli  I  in- 
Ichil  to  pill  iiilo  ill.'  Iiiimls  (.r  f\ii(il  rillriinii,  lo  In- 
luoiiiilcil  mill  iiiroriMiMUil  with  i,ii  iiU'iiaiil-Coluiu'l  Wa-ii- 
iliL'loli's  I  nl|>'. 

••  I  liavi' also  writ  It'll  m  llic  <|iiarli'riiiaslrr  to  'ia\r  iiii'  niii' 
liuiiilrctl  iia('k->aili!li's  iiiaiU'  itiiiiit'iliaU'ly ;— slionM  Iii'm;|ii(| 
il"  yoii  wuiil.l  ilinct  him  lo  !n'  cNiuMliiioiis.  Wajroiis  will 
liL-'aii  iiiilH'MiiiH'iil.  whrllur  we  iilU'iiipl  i"  iiiiiioy  llio 
fiiciiiv  or  iiro\  iili'  I'nr  niir  own  sal'ily.     Il    irf  inroini'alidU' 

Wllh  llic  liallllV  ni'  lii:lll  IronlW  to  he  rlirllllllirrni  willi 
lKi}:,;.'a<;t'. 

"I  woiilil  wish  to  receive  an  answer  to  ihis  iiroim-iili.n 
as  soon  as  |)os.ilile.  Tins  ciniiilry  has  lieeii  so  exhaii.-lr.l 
thill  the  supiilies  lor  my  (lelaehiiieiil  have  hei'ii  iireeariiais 
ami  scant  ever  since  my  arrival,  ami  in  a  few  ila\s  will  he 
iMiattainalile — so  that  a  movement  isiinavoiilahle.  Should 
this  exiieditioii  hethoii;:lit  aihisalile.  u  |irol"oiiiel  .-ecrccy 
will  he  (SM'iilially  necessiry.  Colonel  Lee's  eor[i -  wuiiM 
ell- lire  its  siiece-s. 

'•  I  have  Hie  lioiior  te  he. 

••  Dan  111,  Mi»i;(iAN. 
"lion.  Major-d'ii  ■rai  (i  ur.r.Ni;."" 

O'cHinil    <ii'iv(iv  /"  h'riidiil   Muniin.. 

"  riie.KNW,  F.AST-siDi:  I'KDi'.r.,  .laiuiury  si,  KSl, 
'' A f//'  N/V;- Colonel  .Malmody  arrived  hei"  yeslerday 


I 


■f 


II   |||:|l'rll     Itilii 

mImIIIc.     lull 

HI   \\\\-    I'dihl, 

h  iiikI  ( 'iiloiM  I 
v.it   .|i  mill  \vi' 

Mil'    il     I'llll   III' 

iiiiii  el'.  ;-iiiu' 
liun  lint'.  'I'll 
h  your  ii|i|ini- 
■i.  wliii  II  I  ill- 

llrllli'll.  III  111' 
['iiliilH'l  W.lil- 

i»  !l;l\r  IIU'  iilll' 

<liiiii|il  lie  :;liiil 

\\:ipiiis  will 

III   iiiiiiiiy  iIk^ 

;  iiH'iilii|iiitilil(' 

iiiiilii  ri'<l  willi 

lis    lll'lijili-ilii'll 
Ml    l'\li;ill>lr'l 

cell  |in'(iii'iiiiis 
■U  (l;l_\s  U  ill  lie 
iliililf.  Slimilil 
li'iiiiiiil  .■■crrrry 
V  ciir[i  •  wi'iii  I 

K', 

i;i.  MuKOA.v. 


■i/i'i,. 

aluiary  S,  1 11^1. 

liiTi'   vi'-Imliiv 


1 


Moiiow  TO  Tin:  itisi  I'l;. 


ii-t 


i\ 


will)  vmir  litli'f  of  l!ii' :)l>l  Krirmliri-.  I  li.ivc  iimtiinly 
('nii>ii|i'i'ri|  \iiiir  |ii'ii|iu<ii  imi  III'  :iii  i\|irililiiiii  inin  (Jii)c>'iii. 
iiipI  (MiiiHil  iliiiik  il  warraiiiiilili'  in  ihr  ci'iiiriil  .'•iliialii<ii 
mil'  iiiiiis  i<  ill. 

••  I  liiiM'  till  ."iiiall  na-iiii  to  lliiiik.  Iiy  iiilrlli'j-iiicr  frmi' 
(lilTiriiit  i|iiarli'r«.  ilial  iln'  ciuinv  liasc  a  iiinMiiiriit  in 
(''iiil"iii|ilaliiiii,  ami  llial  in  nil  |iriilialiili|y  il  uill  hr  lliis 
way.  •>'***  Sliniilil  S..II  'iu  iniii  (i(iir;ria,  ami  llii' 
t'lii'iny   |iii-li   lliis  way.   umii    wIiuIc    I'mci' wmiM    he   u-n: 

lr,»S.      *     *     *     *     * 

"  ir  Mill  i'iii|iln\  ili'lailiiiii'iil.s  to  iiiii  rrii|ii  -npiilicj  jjuinLT 
111  ,\iml;.-Si\  ami  AuLrii-la,  il  Mill  |h  rpii  \  llic  I'limiy 
\iy\  iiiiirli.  ir  yii  Ihink  .\imly-Six,  .\ii;;ii>ta.  or  i'V<'ii 
Navaiiiiali,  I  an  lir  .xiii'|iriM'iI.  ami  your  I'lU'cc  will  ailinil  ol' ii 
•  litarlinu'iil  fur  llic  |iiii|ii»si'  ami  lra\i'  mhi  a  siiiricii'iicv  to 
Keep  lip  II  ;.'nii(|  (•iiiiiiieiiaiice.  yon  may  alleinpl  il.  Hut 
<|oii*i  iliink  of  utleiiiplin;.'  ciihcr  niile-s  liy  Mirprise,  for 
Voii  will  only  lual  \oiir  lieails  a;:iiiii>l  a  \will  witlioiii  fm'- 
ce.-s.  Small  parlies  are  lielter  lo  cll'eel  a  >iiiprisc  iIkim 
lari,'(' lioilie-.  ami  the  siieces-;  will  nut  ;.'reallv  depcnil  iipmi 
the  nninlur-:  Iml  uii  llie  .-lency  ami  spirit  of  llie  altai-k. 
I  iiiiist  repeat  niyeaiition  it)  yini  /u  i/iinn/  iii/tn'iis/  n  siir- 
pn'^r.  Tile  ciieniy  and  llie  lori'.s  will  hotli  try  to  hrini^ 
\oii  into  (li-^n-aee.  if  po<-;iMe.  to  jiri'vciit  your  inlliieiiei' 
upon  llii'  militia,  ojieeially  llie  weak  and  wiivcriii;,'.  / 
rmniof  /irr/ni'/  fi>  i/irr  i/cif  titif/  pitrliriihir  iiisfrin/iiuis 
rrs/irrfiHi/  il  /insifinii.  Siiiiiewliere  lietween  I  lie  Saliiila  and 
the  imrth  I'lrnad  Iiiver.  appears  lo  he  the  inosl  laMiralilc 
for  aiiiiiiyiii'i  tlie  eiieiiiy.  interniptiiiir  their  supplies,  and 
liara—iiij;  their  jviir,  if  they  ijiiuiiid  make  a  niovi'meiil  this 
way. 

'•  If  Villi  eoiiM  detaoli  a  small  party  to  kill  the  enemy's 
•Irafl-lmrses  and  recruit inireavalry.  upon  the  Conj^aree.  it, 
Would  ifivelhi'in  almost  as  deadly  a  lilowiisa  defeat.  Hut 
this  matter  must  lu-  conducted  with  irreat  secrecy  and 
dispatch.     Lieiitenant-Coloiiel    L  e  has  just  arrived  with 


Ui 


MoiuiAN   lo  nil:  UKHrlK. 


liirt  Icni.ni.  rm.l  (•..l"i..l  On'.n  \x  within  u  iVw  .lav.' iimri-h 

1)1'  ihis  «itii  a  I'l  ilil'"!' <'l>i»'"'- 

••  I  am.  ill  III'  >ir.  t'l<-. 

••Nmiiamki.  «;i:i.i;M;. 

•  •  H:ij.':iiiicr-«itiirriil  Moikivn."' 


a,, mill  Murium  hi  (!<  <i' inl  d'rinir. 
•■' n.»/r  V/V  •—    ***'"'"*    Si'ii.-ilili'  (if  ilir  iiii- 

I,....,nM..n.l,.l  as  ..v..rv  way  n.ln,lut..l  fur  .!>..  l.uMup 
,,,,,,,,H,mvvNatHnM^Mh.nmtinn,nril.r.ymy;M...."l'"-< 
,|,..v.h..ri;i. I  am   i. -hn.r.r  nl'  l.Hnj:  snr,.nM'.l. 

1,„,  l,x,„.,.lina!Vw.hy^tnlH-jo,m-l!.v(ul.m..U(la.kM 
an.l  Twi-V  rr!.'im.'nl.  Tl.rir  iimnlKTs  I  rannut  a-.n- 
,i„.  Thrm..MuM.lu..,nrll.  sM..-i'Hn.aM  Wmr  Ik.u. 
,;,.,  v.t  unl..,v.l  lojuin  nu.;  l.ut  I  lunr  aiiyH..!  ihur 
„nic..'rstnK.v,.ll..minrnmi.acll....li*'stl.at  tlu.v  may  Ik- 
iva.lv  to  i.mivh  at  tin-  slmrt.v-t  imti.v.  I  n.tfn.l  tl.r^r  as 
a  clwrk  m.  Ilu'  .nrmy  slmr.M  tlu'V  alfinpt  m.Ntlunj,' 
a"aiiisl   niv  (Utaciimciit.  , 

"••  Mv  Mtiiatioii  is  far  fn.ni  Lcinfr  uirrooal.lo  to  my  wi-^lxs 
„r  rxiurtalions.  Toraj:.'  and  pn.vi/M.ns  a.v  imt,  to  Ik'  l.a.l. 
Il,.,vNvcn.Mnotsul.siM.sutl.at  wo  liav  hut  .me  altiTua- 
,iv,._i.ithorto  iTtivat  or  move  into  (leoi-ia.  A  rot  mil 
will  h.- attcn.liHl  with  the  most  fatal  (■onM..,mn<vs.  lh.> 
spirit  N^hi.h  now  h.'-ins  to  pcrva.h-  the  pouplr  ami  call 
,|,„„  i,,,.,  ,1,.,  ,1,1,1,  will  he.  .h.stroy,.l.  TlK-  n.uil-a.  who 
have  al.va.lv  jnin.-l,  will  .UsH-t  us.  ami  it  is  not  uni....ha- 
l.le  hut  that  a  n-anl  for  their  own  safety  will  m.liur  them 
to  ioin  the  eiu'my. 

•'•I  shall  wait  with  impatience  for  your  directions  on 


T 


(  (l;t\!»'»»iirrll 


I,  (iiM.r.M.. 


imary  I,  l*Ht. 

,.  (if    llic   iiii- 
\v  \iH'tl  t'Vffy 

Mil  wIki  WllV 
till'  Im.-iiif!'"', 
my  ;  Ml.  milt'-.i 
ill-,'  siir|iii.-<<l. 
1.  1  wrnti'  \Mii  ; 

'(ildlll'IsClill-k's 
Clinllnt    il-i'lT- 

1  Wiser  I  liavi' 
ilii-K'tfd  tli'ir 
ii  lilt  V  iiiiiy  lit' 
ntcii'l  lli'-^f  lis 
•iiilit    iiiiytliiii.1,' 

Ic  to  tiiy  wi-lit'S 
i.  mil  to  III'  liiul. 
Ill  iiiu'  iiltiTiia- 
v'Xn\.    A  retreat 

(■i|llcMI'i-^.  Tin' 
ju'djilr  ami  call 
"lie  luiiilia.  wIki 
is  not  imiii'ilia- 
iill  iudiU'e  tlieni 

ir  direct UII1.S  ou 


MiimiAN  to  TiiK  ur,-<«'t'F.  ".•'•:» 

l!,..  HMl.j.rt  uf  my  letter  l.y  ('"I I  Maln.a.h.  m  till  H..  n 

niv  ti|Hrulii»ri-'  nm-'i  !•'•  .■^ii-iM'iidi'd. 

••  I  am,  d<ar  fir.  Iriilv  \niir-. 

••  W\MI  I,    MitllllAN." 

(Iff  III    III  Miiinnii. 

•M'AMe  HN  nil.  I'l  I'l  I',  .liiiiiiiiry  IM,  ITHl. 
••  linir  Sir  .  —  I  am  at  tlii-«  mmneiit  faMired  with  ymr 
1,11.  r-.r  til.,  nil  ih-l.     Siii.v  I  svr.il.u.n   I  liase  rnvi-.ea 

l,.||..r^   Ir.im  Viru'iina.  iiir.inniit'j  i. I'  ila'  arrival   tlim' 

„f  (I.Miral   I'liiHil'^  vvitli  a  .l.iarlimeiil  ..f  two  ll...ii..aiid 
livi.   l.midivd  men  fnmi  N.w  V..rk.    This  rireumMl.mn, 
renders  it  niill   more  im|irn|u  r  for  \oii  to  move  lar  to  llu. 
H.a.lliuard.    Il  U  mv  wi.-li  al.-i  ll.tU  \oii  liold  your  <;ro.ind, 
ir  iio^Ml.le.  lor   I    U>rvM'v  III..  di-a;;re.alil.e.mrtei|Ueii.rsor 
a  r'.iivat.     If  n.oviii-,'  as  far  m  Ninety-Six.  or  any\vli..ro 
ill  the  ii..ij.dil.oil...o.l  .if  it.  will  .•.mtrilmte  t..  the  ohiaiiiili',' 
..r  m.iiv  ampl..  Milililu'S  \oii  ha\..  my  .•oiisciit. 

••('ol.in.l  TarhLiii  is  .^ahl  lo  h-  .m  liis  way  to  pay  yo»i  ii 
visit      I  d.ml.l  not  hut  he  will  liav..  a  .l...vnl  i......|ition  ami 

„  ,,n.|i..r  dismi.s-i..ii.  An.l  I  am  hainiv  to  lind  y.-u  have 
lalu'ii  ..v.rv  laveaulion  to  avoid  a  Mirpris...  I  wis.i  .,."i  l«» 
,„,  ,„.„,,  p,l,.|i,.iilar  res|i.Ttinj:  y.mr  |ilan  aii-l  olij.rt  in  puv- 
iii;.'  a  vi^il  I'l  (li.'>r;ria. 

••  Vir-iniu  U  raising'  three  lliuiuiuul  nun  lo  reermt  tins 

urmy. 

'•  I  am,  <'te., 

"NaTIIAMKL  (lUKLNi:," 

flrcrur  fii  Mniildn. 

"  IlKAi)  iJiMirKiis,  Jiuiunry  i:),  17^1 

««  7)'7/r  S'lr  •— Theiv  ar..  s'ix  wa.L'on  I.m.Is  ..f  clolh  on  llie 

wav  from  CharK.si.m  to  the  Cm-are..  Uiv.r.  the  prop».rty 

„fun..  Wa.U.   Hamilton,  who,  it  is  said,  wi.las  H   <"  l"J> 

into  uur  han.ls.     It  will  halt  on  the  Cungaree  at  H-iday  s 


tu 


>|l)ltii\N   TO    I'Mi;   IIIX'l'R. 


rerrv.  but  in  timf  .*ttiii»tii»n  von  v.intini  >»•■»  ni  ii.  unil  '.\w 
niiiii,  il  i"*  h;iiiI.  \*  willing  (<»  nmvc  it  on  ln\»iiiil''  Nin<'l\» 
Six,  UK  if  !"•  nlifM'  lliiit  ^'urri>iMi.  To  •uii^lV  votii-tir  iv« 
H|ii'i'lin;,'  III!'  Miiiiirr.  m.ii  niii>l  ^< ml  a  iniin  t'>  Mi".  II mip. 
loll  it»  MMjiiirc  rt"|H(  iiMX  iIh'  npitil,  iiMtl,  il'  inn-.  I'tinnri 
with  him  II  |)liin  tni' gi-lfitjl  jHtfiwuitlon  ut"  llic  tloili,  m*  It 

tViMiltl    Id'  of   iillhilli'  iiii/>ni/(Hiii    In  pt    it  inin  <»iir  )in.i>i'N. 

Hi<in(I).  Ynii  will  rimlilv  «t'f,  Inun  thr  iiiiliiii'  of  tlio 
tliin;.'.  that  It    w  not  to   hf  cnri^iihiiMl  uit   jiionthr,   ii'»P 


tliin;.'.  that  ;t  i»  not  to  In-  fori^iiltifti  nit  jmintirr,  ii'»r 
iniiKt  iiiivImhIv  ImiI  yoiiiwH' kin»\v  miyiliin;,' ttf  the  Irmi'*- 
urtiiii),  ii>  il  WvKiM  iiM\iiiilily  ruin  ihi'  mnn.    (Ircii  imiiIihii 

ahouUl  bv  tuKvii  ty  yuuril  ng"''-''  ''"''"'  ''^''•''• 

"I  urn,  "tc, 

"  NATIIANtri.  (Jni-i^xK." 

Genci'd}  M<ir'j«ii  h>  (Ivneml  (innir, 

"  III  iiu'n  Mil.!.*,  .hlliniliy  t'i,  l*Nl, 
1T»mmIii).i  1)1  (iifi' '•  I'l"'!"'""-'"! 

"  fhnr  (»V;nw/.--- Voiir  li'ttvr?i  of  llu'  '.U\  iiinl  Hi!i  innn' 
t(t  li.iud  M'i-l'T.Jiiy.  just  in  I  Wii- i>fc|iiirl:iu  lu  (iiiiii;.'!'  my 
iii.-itidii.  ******  I  i'iikI  il  im|inttiial>lf  to  |iro- 
tnri' inoro  prmifiionM  in  Ihi.-t  <|iiiirU'r  than  an-  iilcihilcly 
ncrc-^sary  I'm' mir  own  iinniciiiaii' inn-ninptioii  ;  indcnl,  it 
hiKS  licci;  >viili  I  hi'  ^M-ciiti'M  tlilliinlly  lliul,  ^vt•  liavi'  I'fi-n 
lilih'  to  ilTccI  tlii^.  Wf  have  lo  focd  such  a  ii.inilKr  ot" 
lioroi';).  tliut  111.'  mn-t  |)l(iitifiil  cHHilry  niiisi  .-ooii  In  »'\- 
liaiistt'tl.  CoiiM  till' mililia  1)1' I't'i-umlnl  liu'liai;;:!:*'  lofir 
fatal  mode  of  piin,-;  to  war.  m«uh  pro\i>ioii  mijtht  In- 
Buvi'd  ;  hut  the  ciisloni  lias  taken  huch  deep  root  hat  it 
fannot  l)i'  aliolished. 

'•rpoii  a  lull  and  mature  (Iclihoral ion,  I  am  e(.nHriiii(l 
in  the  opinion  thai  nothing.'  ean  hi-  elTetteil  iiy  my  delaili- 
meiit  in  thin  eotintry.  whirh  will  l.alaiiie  the  risks  I  will 
he  snl»jeeled  lo  !.y"  remain iiij,'  iieiv.  The  enemy's  fireal 
superiority  in  uumberf,  und  our  distaiiee  from  tlic  main 


I 


I  III  ii.  mill  (til* 

•uiifil"  Niiii'ty 

'IV  vmii-rtf  n-- 

til  Mr.  II,iiii|t- 

ir   I  rill'.  ('((Ilrt'l'l 

till'  I'liilh,  n't  it 

illlll  OllC   |l(H5t'H- 

imtiii'i'  of  llu' 
*  jiiniiilii',  ii'T 
'^  tif  till'  Inniit- 

(ihal  iMiltiiill 
I.-. 

F.],  (tnv.r.sv.,** 

rttf\ 

iiinjiiy  \'i   ITNI. 
'•rii«l)rit»,"! 

1  mill  Hlli  nunc 
4  III  tlimi;.'t'  my 
itii'iilik'  to  |irn- 
I  m>'  iilistiliiicly 
timi  ;  iiiilcnl,  it 
[  \vf  iiiivi'  I'l'fii 
li  11  innii'K'r  I'f 
list  .-null  Im  l'\- 
t<»  cliaiijrt'  tiifii" 
>inii  !iii)(lil  I'f 
I't'J)  rout     liiil  it, 

I  mil  ('iinliniK  i' 

II  liy  my  ilftaili- 
tlii'  risUf*  I  will 
e  I'lirmy""  frrciit 

from  tiu-  m.'»iii 


MnliDA.N  T»  1ll»:  ttK'Tltb  Mi 

army.  v>ill  i  imlilf  l.oni  «   <rinviilli^  !••  iliitirli  no  nii|ii'rii»r 

a  foriT  llj^ilih-l  lll«'  i\*  !«•  iviiiirr  ll  i-Mliliill  !••  nlll' 
Mitcly  In  UNoitl  riMiihi;^  !'•  miKni.  •>"/'  niH  tin*  In' 
iihrii'i*  in  iii;i  funrit:  S>t  iitt«'iii|>l  !•»  »iir|»ri-i'  liH'  will 
ll,'  lift  iiiilricil  liy  tlu'iii.  iiml,  MtmUiil  a/«  wr  mii-l  lie, 
i>\vv\  |iti..ilili'  |iiii;iiiliiiii  limy  11"!  lit'  milllrirhl  tn  i«t'i'i»ru 
IH.  ' 'I'lic  H'uniiy  t'l"  fnr.i'.'i'  nii'li  i-'  it  iiii|in..il»li'  fur  iM 
iilwiiM  lo  Ih'  III  a  «'t>tii|»iit'i  lii'ilv  ;  iiMil  «rri'  tlii.4  »•'(  iIk> 

»'U)*i',  it  U  tiOVnllil  till'  mi  I'f   llimi  In  kri|)  lllf  iiiiliiiu   IVulll 

Hir:i;iy;liii;.''     \^'*  "  '"•  ""'i''  "i  iliiii."| 

••  My  fonv  M  iiia<li"|niitf  I"  (li»'  iitiini|»t^  you  Jiavo 
hiiiti'irut  •'—['■. »'.,  (ll  Miri»ri-i>  Niii(t>-Si\.  ur  Aiiirii-t.i,  or 
Sill  mm, ill.  or  iifiiu'k  Ci-niwdllM  in  liin  ("iim|i,  tn  wnti  ii 
iiiiriv  ilii'vii  n|i<tii  till-  ('iiii'.'iin'i'.  to  l^ill  lli>'  I'lHiJiv'i*  tiriift 
iiml  liivalry  liorM'.-,  to  ^lo|i  ^ll|)|llil'^  piiii),'  to  the  \,irioiM 
Uriii-'li  |iti-ls  t'l  "ll' iiftir  Mr.  Wailc  ll;iin|itoirx  cloih.  mnl 
III  lij:lit  'rarlitiMi,  ('i.rnwalli'  iiihI  Lt-lii'.  iii'livii'.nallv  ami 
(•i.|!.'ctivi'ly,i'lf.,  ell'..  <'l*'.  I  "  I  liiivi'  ir^w  with  iiuoiily  two 
Imnilicil  S'lnili  Carnliim  iiihI  tiiiir;.'ia.  and  one  liiimlriil 
iiint  forty  North  t'arolina  vnlmitii  iji.  Nor  do  1  (\|Mtl  to 
liiiM' mofc  tluili  IWD-lliinl-i  of  tlu'W  »o  UHxifit  iiu'  ;<lioiili|  I 
hi' allat'kril,  for  it  U  iiii|io«-il)l»'  to  kci'p  llniii  mil ciiil. 

'rihtll;/ll    I    am  roininnil    lliiit  wen-    Noll   nil    III.'  .ji.il.  t|ii» 

l»io|iriiiv  of  my  |ir.i|io>iliou  would  r-trikr  \uii  Innildy, 
hhiiiild  \oii  tirinlv  it  liiiidviHahli'  lo  recall  iii''.  ym  may 
i|i'|K'iid  on  inv  jitl'inptin;,' t'Vcrytliiiiir  111  uiiimy  iIm'  liiniiy 
and  to  |iro\id('  for  ilic  .sifdy  of  iii\  dclailinuiil.  1  shall 
clii'ri'fnlly  lU-niiii'-ci'  in  your  di'tcnninations. 

•'{'iiluncl  'I'arli'inii  ha^  cross't'd  tln'  Tyirir  ill  .Miis;rrii\('rt 
Mills  ;  liiH  t'oivo  WL>  runnot  liarn.  1 1  is  iiioiv  tliaii  lu-oh- 
iil'If  'SO  aiv  his  oliji'i't.  CornwallH  hy  lii.'^l  accounlH  WM 
at  tin-  crosii- roads  nvar  loco's  old  |iaci'. 

"\\\'  have  Just  Icarni'd  Hial  'rarli'lon's  Tinv  is  IVoiu 
L'k'M'li  to  iwchi'  hmidrid  Ihiti-li. 

•■  I  am.  diar  (ii  niral.  iriily  yours, 

••  hwirr.  MiMJiiAN'." 


I 


MM.,n\M   r»»  tur   »!i  ■•  tk. 


•M'AMl' ON  l»hm:»;,  Jimtiiiry  IH,  H^l. 
lTwi>  till)*  nf»i>r  "  row|i«ii*i") 

•'  thiir  ,V(V,'— VnilP  fiivr>r  i>f  llii-   IMli  Wii'  il»  li»rfiif  fti 

llic    llf*!     Iliv'ltl    IiImXII    r.'  imIimIn.    •    ♦    *    I   \\i|<  lltl'nnili  •!  ol 

l^ihi  ('iM'iiwiillN'  tnovoriu'iiH  lK'fi»ri>  ilic  ui'iiviit  nf  \i>iir 
|«  tti't',  iiimI  ii;^ri)'  with  y>\\  in  i>|ithi))M  Hint  \imi  iin-  liifi 
•tttji'fl  ;    iiihI  front  lii"  iiitikiii;;  na  ;;i'iuf;i|  u  iiniNt  iiti'iil.  it 

i'it||>hM'i-S  Mll<  I  hut  Im>  fi'i'l^  a  tri'till  illriiUVl'llii'lll't'  ftollt 
yt\U-   titViV  KImI  filllittiDl),       (it'llfl'tll  l<i'-'lit<  llIM  I'I'iKTil  lilt' 

('iitiiulNt  to  join  lilni.     ill'  uiiiiM  hi'Vi  r  li!ini^>«  hi<*  iriinji^ 

III  t'rIII'iVi'  \<ill  if  III'  iliil  llol  llllllk  it  III  •mill'  llll|Mil't||tnr, 
ll'if  Uiltllil  III'  |iUl  lli'i  iu|ltr|i\t'  rurri'  ill  |||ii|in||  il'  III'  lltul 
lliil  •iilllr  lr-|M'rt  fnl"  M'lll"  llllllllit  I-'.  /«,''/*  ."i  limlili  f/nllf 
i^ilHiiliiiii  in  nitirtil,  iiii'l  iiifiiifi"  llii  niitut  hii/i'/iJii/  ti//i  ii- 
//«)«  htijHiii'il  iii/iiinx/  II  fun'/irlir,  /in/  I  //link  it  ititt/ ijrntt 
ini/Mirfili'i'i'  In  k'ii'l>  II l>  If  J'liiri'  in  ///"/  i/iinr/i  r, 

"it  i-«  not  my  ^vi^ll  Mill  hIioiiIiI  i'uiih'  to  mtinii  iiiilt'iit 
Voti  Imu'  a  11111111/1"/  "ii/iiriiii'ifi/  uml  "  hhd'hI  iir/nin/i/  nf 
tnuriTiliii:/.     I'lii  liiitliiii;.'  In  llic  liii/.iinl ;  a  I'lliriil  iimv  'h! 

•llMliri'i'Clililr,  lillt   mil  (li-LTili  rflll.     Ilrv'liril  Hut   I  hi'  i)|i|||iiill>4 

I'l'  till'  iiiiv.  Il  i-*  not  mil'  'Mi-iin  -s  In  li-k  tmi  iiiiith.  Our 
tifi'nirit  nil'  ill  /'•'!  I'l'ilii'il  II  iiiiiiH/imi  mill  in/ II i I'l'  linn'  nml 
innsiiiij  In  i/iri' l/inn  ii  Inl/ir  Imif.  *  ♦  *  Ihl'iirc  Ihisriiii 
jiiissihiy  ri'iirli  Vol!,  i  inia;.'iiui  (hi'  luovt'imnt'^  of  Liinl 
Ctiniwallii  ainl  ('iihuu'l  'i'arl(>tuii  will  lie  Hitnicictitly  i'\- 
|ilaiiii'il.  ami  //'/»  /"'  iihlii/nl  »'"  Inki'  snnir  itirixii'i'  tiinisiiiifi, 
I  nhall  III'  iM'ifnily  sali^ilnl  if  you  kiTpcUar  of  11  iiiU- 
furliiiM'.  Tliniiiili  I  ii'in/i  i/'iii  litiinl-,  I  mil  iniirillitiif  In 
f.ipiiMi'  lliv  I'Oiiiiiiiiii  '■mill  In  i/irr  i/iiii  mi  ii/i/iorliini/i/  In  iif' 
nil  ill'  Hum. 

"  A-'  till'  riMir-"  Mil'  siil.jicl  III  smidiii  anil  {Ti'i'iit  kwcIIm, 
\(iii  iiiii>l  111'  can  fill  ill, it  llic  ciiciiiN  till  iii'l  lake  a  ;H..ilinii 
ill  Ndiir  rear  wlnrc  voii  can  miihcr  nlrcat  liy  vuiir  llaiiks 


I 


I 


^•m»J,|f«  V*  TIIK  UM'IU, 


m 


ry  UK  i;«l. 

li  Ilvi'l'i'j|  fO 
llll'oI'MIt  i|  «l( 

mi  t)f  y<»r 
»oii  iin-  liift 

ilMlllclll,  it 

iiiiH'»'  fnmi 

l'1'lMi.t'll    |||4> 

i"  hit  triiii|w 

llli|Mit'tiilii  r, 
II  ii'  III'  liuil 
ilMifilr  ifimi' 
Ulij'iil  nihil' 
if  tM  It/  If  mil 

ctinll  llllli'iH 
iriiilliiljf  lif 

I'l'iil  inity  ttu 

ill!'  iipinioim 
miith.  (till' 
iir  liiiif  mill 

"lire  lliif  riiii 
il><   nf    J,iil(| 

llticiiHv  ex* 

ri<  iiinisiiri'i, 
iir  (»f  a  luis- 
niiri/li'iiif  fit 
II II  if  If  fii  in- 

pri'iit.  swells 

it'    II    jMlsilillll 

vuiir  lliiiiks 


iir  yiMir  iVoiil.  I  iim  lu'i'iHirlnsf  iHMit^  li*  iiiitv«>  iilwii)!t  Hith 
till'  iirins  !  WKiiM  i(iit>  .r  mi»  U'  ttf  nuy  iiw  Ut  yon!*  'I'lu'y 
will  III*  |iiil  (III  »liri'l<  iiiiil  iiiiiiji'  tu  iiiii\i>  uiiti  lifili'  tiiorii 
ihllli'iiliy  lliiih  a  l<>iii|ii|  \Mi;;itii, 

"  I  am,  \iritii  ^I't'itl  t'Ktiviii,  I'tr. 

"|ii.vriiA.vii:L  IJn»:i:xK." 

Ilii'"  i.  II  mont  Mtniii;,'!'  military  \»m>,  Uhtiu'  uiili 
\\\i\\v  ImiimIiviI  mh  h,  Miiiv  rrinr.irii'il  liy  li-t-  ami  rulitucl 
«>ii('ii,  itilriiiiliiil  III  tli<'  rruill'iil  I'l'ijiiiii  III  the  IN  lite,  Imi-v 

ill  thf  t'lillivaliiiii  nf  tl haliitm.l'  iIhui^IiI  ami  nuiM'r. 

B.ilii»ti  of  lii«  iitlliiTH."  IUmIiU'i  llti^  IiIm  |m>ii  iiiovi'ii  iiit'1'14- 
Miiitly;  liatclii'i  lit' li'ttiTH  i-mi,.,!  froin  (hi.  "iam|i  nl*  ri- 
|ioii'"  iliiily  ill  all  iliiii  iii>n-i,  In  all  miinin  r  nf  i»l||iial!<, 
J'ivll  ami  iiiililury.  Iicxi'i'diin;,'  im-  Mipiiliii  ami  n  infuiTo- 
llU'litM  lor  Ilii  iirmy;  ami  it  mii<l  he  .-aiil.  with  m  ly  fiir 
nii('(v»i.  'I'liilH.  «a«iiiis  lialilii'fs  iiailt,  !-liiri«  ami  ».|iiii'.i, 
ill  ^ll^|•|.  cv.fyiliihjr  i|iifi,.,|  that  'vuy.  Till' (li'iii'ial  wiw 
iil-o  |iiv|iaiiii),'  >triinj,'  |H'ii.-t  |'i»r  |iri-oii('rs,  fi»r;;('lliii;j  tliu 
ohl  ii'n'i|it  Jul-  "(I  ink  ill','  a  ll"!!."  Ill-  mIiiiwh  liiniM'lf  iMpy 
iiii'li  the  (jnai')t'riiia.  tiT. 

Waxliiiij^liiirs  army  wu«  I'liiaoiiiti'd  with  ihr  drain 
MMilhwanl.  Ill'  hail  "cnt.  alur  iIh'  i,iH  »['  Cliarli  slnii,  Dn 
Kiilli  ami  his  cniciinl  Alaryliiii'l  ami  Ihlawaii'  liri;;aili'. 
To  (irct'iu-'H  I'ry  of  nitrcaty  ho  imw  ilif|»ait'luM|  Leo's  lino 
iiirpH  iif  eaMilry  ami  ('iiiiii«el|i'i|  that  the  wlmle  eiier^'ie,4 
III"  the  riih  Stale  of  Vii;,'iiiia  whoiil.l  lie  liiiiieil  in  that, 
ilineiion. 

.lellVr-^uii,  then  (iineriinr  of  Vir^iiniii,  I'iiIIowkI  tlieyo 
eiiiiti-ii'ls  III' \Va.-liin;,'l(in  until  he  iliew  n|inii  hiniself  llin 
eeiisiiro  ol'  hi.s  own  |ieii|>le  fur  the  ihreiieeuf  Ihe  Caiuliiias 
at  the  oxiu'iiHo  of  Vii;,'inia.  To  Stenheii.  Washiii-luii 
wrote  :  ••  Make  the  ilerciiee  of  the  Stale  iiili  ifrre  a-  little 
a-i  |io.«sil)|e  with  till'  mi:isiire-(  for  siiceoriii;.'  (ieiier.il  (inciie. 
Haiieroft  (-ayn :  "  Wiih  a  iiia;,'naniniity  that  kmw  mdliiii); 
III' fear,  Viru'iiiia  laiil  herself  I  m  re  Inr  ihe  protect  inn  of  the 


r" 


n9 


MoiKiAN  TO  Tin;  i!i:>'i  i:- 


;    ,   •'      lM.v.h.r   un,    in    >vplv    to   i^u.u. .   .nil    .n^- 

,,;,„naiu   tu   hi.n.  ...1  sln.uM   1,.  ...h1  any  n.-.v  |„. 
li   1.  c.on.,H.ilHl   ,o,u..o.n,anyal..l...nnn,nHi-lu.m. 

(,r  lie  Kit  witlioiit  ill!  army.  '  ,,,...  i    u, 

Wc...vMu,-a.Mvi,h   his  small  rum.  la.^lH.llunvanl.  to 

,...     .he   Brhisl,   ,;,..•  TarK.to...  lu.1.1   ,o  a  po.Uun  m 

t   [;.hlu.c.aMnu,c.v..Mmai,Uainl.islink.;u-numa.   J.^^ 

„,„-.,   sratt.r  it    to  i.p.u.ntslanat.un:    lnv huMcn  load 
V    J...rrc.tn.at.anai.iatostanaa.ull..n,ten;c.,.,mH.. 

^Xllght.  unless  witlKrMuauitVst.u,K.nnr,.ya..,l  a  mu>al 
',Ln,;ur:.u.cvss;"ul.m.aUno,   to    .••sun^^^^^^^^^^ 
,,.d  liuallv   lo   taUc  «'.k..,MsiNO  mrasnivs     with    iail.loi. 
T    .0     uiTiK.    an.)    incohnvnt    cautious   seen.  Mn;:nla,  y 
nt^.lJl.a,toilHMnanu!,..  lKal-K.v.rln..uKn.wnto 

1,(.  •<itniri«''l  from  Quflicc  to  Cowiinis. 
'S,:;;nKaswelK.vcs.e,uhaad.lieaU.lyl.intoao    .m.no 

„„,   ,„V,..tv  of  sonu.    -.iiuT-ion   n,   h><   fa.or.   b     tlu 

„..,    ,  „„;S„,a  su-.s,.l    tl.at    L.vs,.avah^^vouMl. 

„.l,i;tohim.    lint. in.ucs.w  til  to  send  L...ntt,.l 


ill   an   opiiositr  tlirccl mn.     I 


Ih-   was  luiiVclly  awaiv   tl\al 


Mo  .an  \  as  mn.acrd   hy  TarlHon  and   Co.nwan.s.  anM 
Clio  was  well  on  his  way  to  join  thclattcr.    My-   ^^ 
;l.nn.n,d..l   in  Virginia,  had  s..t  troops    wud^^ 

.orely  u.rdHl  at  home,  ap.inst  Armdd  and     '"'.''P-p 
;;n!;!dyinonUTthat(lm.m.   n.ighl  l.tvvent   the  junH.on 

.  1"  Leslie  with  C'ovnwallis.  , 

'\  ,:.....    ,,vs    that    (ireenc    aetually    "eontemplated 


.,;.       Connvallis'  anny  in  their  divided  eonditw.n. 

['u^K.ver   developed   rur.her   tha,>    a   -•;  -M  f- 
,,.lio   marehed   wi-lmut    interruption    n,.    ""  "^      *    ' 
State,  erossed  the  Catawha  and  joined  Cornwall.,  o    .  a 
;,,,  isth.-inst  (...e.  day  too  late-Cuwpens  was  iotight 


on  the  irili. 


,u 


^!< 


r 


Mniii;  \N   I"  nil'.  i;i;>rn:, 


il.flnii    ill'lrr- 

Ht       1      (lllllll 
1     IlillHllllI   III' 

my  iin'i'c  III' 
lllllllll    tlu'iii. 

1  lurwiinl.  Ill 
.  |ii).silii>ii  in 
y  iiiliirt,  liiit 
iddcM  Id  ml- 
.'11  ;  ('ujdiiu'il 
vnnii  ii  iiKTil 
■•siir[>ris('il  ;" 
ith  'rurli'lo'i. 
■Ill  ."inuMilarly 
Til  Kniiwu  lu 

tod  to  drot'iu' 
fiiviir,  I'V  lliL' 
ilry  wiiultl  III' 
(1  Ia'i'  I'lilivi'ly 
ly  iiwiuv  tliiil 
niiwiilliH.  iii'il 
Itrr.     SU'lllnll. 

ips,   which  Ik; 

I  l'hiUil>s,  c'\- 

tlio  jiinclioii 

'o(iiil«'mi>liiti.'il 
ihI  c'oiiilitiiiii."' 
contomplatiiiii. 
tliruiMrh  til'' 
iiWiiUis  un  .liui- 
■u.s  was  i'oiight 


3 


I 


TarlHon  hail  rxinv^sly  aiTan-nl  il,ai  li.  niul  Cnn.ualli.^ 
,|,.,ul.l  a.isai..'.'  .-inuiltam'i.ii.-ly  up-n  Mu,-;m  a-^  Ih.'ii' 
.Ir^i-ni  was  to  captun.  or  aiiiiiliilalr   Imii  ami   lu^  arm\. 

(nlMUall.^     rohll.Mlrd      lln'     alTail^Ii'IlUHt .     I'>lt     -lipiloMII- 

(rl'tainlv  lliat  (livnir.  wiili  tlu'  main  ann\.  n.mv  liian 
twi.H'  M.n-iiM-.  ronr.  wunU  nut  -tan.l  an  ullr  >l.r.latnr 
„niu'st.  militurvniuMniciil^.  ImiI  wniiM  iuoM'  out  to  dis- 
,),„  ..UaiHrof  Kc.li.'.  'lan.l  not  nianl,  northward 
;„„i,  ,,,,lii.V  .ai'riv  was  assured.  Cor.uall,.  iniM.alrn- 
lutrd;  a  uiastcrlv  inadivity  was  lln'  rolr  ot  th.'  main 
,,niiN  ;  ..litlar  a  disrivion  m"'  =1  .o-trrat  nui  was  to  ... 
attcn.i.lrd.  an.l  to  Moi-un"s  la-t  apiieal.  \Nii  h  the  ^.l.■lll- 
..,,H•.■  that  Tarlrlon  wascl.,,-.'  upon  him  withrlry  n  hun- 
Tlivd   liirKnl   r>fili-l'  n-ul;il-,  dnrlU'  olVrfS  til.  -ol.  roliso- 

latioii  ol"  ••boats  on  wlurls." 

ItMh'irm' had  had  Ihr  LM-arr  to  ioiin  him  th.  man:  arniy 

,„„1  |,..-s,.aMilryl'ortc'nilays!    What   ih.n  ?     Wrm.-hL 

lllivc  lorkril   Vorklown. 

I'rotVs-ord.  W.  (irceni..  inhis'^Ui^lonral  Nirwsollhe 

C.iidu.l  of  th..  l!..M.l..ii-n."  say^:  ■■Th.  .vron,im>l  ol 
Ih,.  South,  and  Ihr  hriliinnl  .ampai-ns  of  S(i  and  M,  lie- 
l.,n-(.Nrlusiv..|v  lodnvnr."  A  sloNHily  MatciiP.it.  to -av 
ll„.l,,,,|.  (iriR.raKlnrnca.v^unicdconiniamlolthrNmlli- 
,,„  l),,p;,rtim.nt  at  Charloli..  \.  C.  Drrriiihcr -Ith  I  .SO. 
.hi.t  twentv-si'M-n  days  .dthi' year  i;sniv,iiai.u.il.tl.on^h 
( u'lH-raM  irwiiL'-s  ru'ld-sorvicr  docs  not  comm.n.r  unt  HI' .1.- 

niarv  sth.  r.Sl,  whm  Mor-ran  hrou-ht  his  va^lonous  army 
iVnin  (owprns  to  (uiili'.-rd  ('.  II..  and  (Iriu.ral  lln-i  r  jomod 

l,i,H  ,1,,.  ncvt  .lav  with  thu  main  arm\  In.m  Cheraw  Hills. 
It  would  add  nothiu-  todiaicral  (invn.-s  military  lamo 
if  it  n„v  ..ossildo  to  i.l.tilily  him  with  i;,so.-  ll...  yiar  ot 
,.,,„„„  ami  disaster  at  Uu' South:  the  fall  oM'harliMon. 
Ui..  sham.'.d  Camden,  and  TarL^lon's  iron  h.rl  .m-hin- 
in  upon  tin;  Carolinas.  _  ,         ,' 

.      That    .d..om   is  hrok.M.   oiil..  hy  the  heroie   >i.ok.s  ot 
Sumt-r  and   Marion  with   'he  ^wami- heroes. -mu  l->   tlie 


ftf 


•.•;it> 


MOIK,  AN     lO    I  III:    l.'KMl  K, 


uliirv  <>r  KinL''s   Moiiniiiiii.  ()c|(>l)i'r    Illi,   ITso,  (Ivc  <liivs 
Ipifcr,.  Cr, .  hr  at  Ut-i    I'nini    ricciM'il   llic  iMlcllij:rii(T  ..I' 

llis  il|i|iiMnl  lllrllt    In    till'  Siilltll. 

(Iciicriil  (iicciii'  was  entirely  iniMieent  of  aiiv  nf  tlijs 
pH"!  widk  ;  iiml  the  main  army  lay  (lri;imini:  in  llieir 
Icnis  in  tlu'ir  "  C'am|)  i>\'  I!r|iipsi'."  a  Imndivil  ami  lil'iv 
miles  awiiy.  on  tiiiil  iiiitnuiMlile  winter  ilawn.  .lanuarv 
l^ili,  i;sl.  when  Mur^'an  ami  lii-  liamlliil  t<(  liei'ues.  Iiuilv 
presseij  \>y  'riirliluri.  Innicil  iiimii.  ernsheil  ami  eii|itnre<l 
llis  army,  r^nied  and  pur^un'  the  liitlurto  iiiviiieilile.  ami 
Wdii  immiirta!  i'liim'. 

I>nt  we  antiiiiiiile.  .Mnr^Mn's  admiraldi'  .system  of  mili- 
tary (leleeiinn  nnw  serveil  liim  In  ]inr|i(tst'.  ilr  knew 
every  movement  of  'I'arleton  ami  C'lriiwallis  alinnsi  as 
soon  as  made;  and.  like  a  skillt'nl  |ilayer.  ]ienetrati(l  ami 
antii'ipated  iluir  LMiiie.  \or  did  Morgan  uiideresiimate 
ill-  [iiiwerfnl  anta:i(ini>l.  I'e  knew  tiial  'rarleton  had 
thns  i'ar  lrinm|ilianlly  I'idden  down  all  n]i|ni>ilion.  M.ii  ion 
alone  had  esea|ieil.  hy  ^kili'nliy  deelinin;^'  to  ineasuro 
HWnrds  wiili  him.  Miir;/(U/  ilid  lutf  sick  llic  itmiuHfrr ; 
7'(ir/if(,ii  rui  ipilhil  it.  Morgan  resolved,  liowevtr,  to 
.select,  his  own  halt le-lield.  "  ()l)ser\  iiiLT  tlie  "guarded  ami 
delii)erate  manner  in  whieh  'I'arleton  advanced  npoii  him, 
— so  unlike  that  ollieer's  nsnal  mode  cd' apin'oacliiiii,' an 
oiilionenl" — he  was  coidirmed  in  his  snspicion  of  the  plan 
eoneei'ted  hetweeii  him  and  Coniwallis  toenti'ap  him. 

lie  resolved  toero~s  the  Paeolet  and  maicli  tow.irds  tlie 
n]i]ier  waters  of  tlu'  I'.road  iiivei',  which  wonld  cnahli'  the 
small  deliuhnieiits  id'  militia  he  had  station. 'd  there  to 
join  him,  and.  in  case  of  misfortune,  facilitati'  a  retreat 
toward  the  main  army  at  Cheraw. 

.VceordiiiLi'ly  he  liroke  up  his  camp,  put  his  troop.s  in 
motion  on  January  l.->lli,  crossed  the  I'acidet  ami  en- 
camped lor  the  niirht  at  l'>iirr"s  Mills,  on  Tliieketl v  Crerk, 
JJere  it  was  that  he  wrote  his  last  letter  to  (ireene— I  wo 
da\s  l)efore  (.'owpeiis — \wirniii^'  liim    that  it  would  not   he 


>m 


1^  f 


1 


MdliiiAS    Ik  Tin:    lilX  I  1.. 


.  live  (lii\s 

•iliirrlirc  of 

my  III'  ilii-; 
ir  ill  llirir 
I  iimi  lil'iv 
,  .liiiiiiiiry 
'r'p('>.  Iiuily 
I  ('a|>liirri| 
iu.'ililr.  :iih1 

'III  of  iiiili- 
ili'    knew 

illlll'isl      lis 

tr;il>'(l  anil 
cri'sliiiiali' 
ii'loii  had 
n.  M, II  ion 
)  nicasuri! 
"iiiiiimli'r  ; 

>\VOVH'.     to 

iirdi'il  ami 
ujiun  liiin, 
•acliiiiL;-  an 
if  llic  plan 
I  liiin. 
Dwanis  tlic 
I'lialilc  till' 
il  tlirrc  to 
'  a  ivli'i'at 

(rn,)]).s  in 
I    anil    cn- 

■Ity  VwvV. 
■ri'lll'  -  I  \(() 

iild  iiol   lie 


i 


« r 


! 


iiltt'iiys  in  \\U  |iourr  lo  olicy  Ins  inst  nut  Ions  Iiy  ivadiiiLr  a 
l.atlii. 

'i'ariitoii  fdlliiwcd.  iriiv-iiiir  ilic  I'anilci  ilic  nioininu' 
iiftcr.  liiarnini,'  tiii«.  MnfLian  iiiinndiati'ly  |inl  iii-  aiiiiv 
iipoii  till'  inanii.  I'li.-iiiii^-  mi  liy  a  iiioiinlain  mail,  in' 
|ias-(d  ilaiiciii  k-viili' at  iionn.  tiirin'il  into  a  l'y-|ialii.  and, 
arriviiiir  at  Cow  |m'|i.-  aimiit  .-un-ilouii,  lie  oidcnil  a  iialt.  — 
••  I'll  uo  no  furlliir." 


il 


•yr 


XXV.-1TS1. 

AT  TIIK  "Cu\\tm:ns;' 

"Thi'lr  Dii' Ic.  ImiM'   in   Iriltlc,  priivcl;    ■  lliw  liu',  (•  flniiL'hU'r  nf   .Ku'l« 

iM'arin-'.liivi'.  IMiuclirii'il  ;  If  '  vrr  f:IMiriu.'.  Ilmll  flcmilr-l  liv  me  lii  iIm'  Im-iili' 
tliilii,  iiinv  III  iii'h  liclrlctiil  iiif,()  Miii'rvi.aliil  t'lwil  III*'  In  cluy  llil-  iniin  «l;ii 
lidil-W.  «a,vliiu' Ihiil  1  -liiill  IM'I  l"lii,'  Ik  liiild  llic  lirillliliil  Mill  "  'I'liil-  lir  -i.nUc 
|im>liiL',  aiid  I'allii-  MimTvii  li'iuil  liiiii.  iiiul  i-'ini'  ^Irrn^'lh  ami  iliirlii'.'  lo  lil.'hiiilr 
llial  111'  iiiik'lil  lii'inini'tnii^iiicium-  MiiiiiiiL.'  all  Ih.'  Arirh'-.  aiuliniu-lil  ImuiuIV  <•■>■ 
liiiii-i'll' 1  \i''lli!iil  n  i:H\Mi.  Anil  ^la•  Uliiillnl  fiutii  In-  liiliin'l  ami  liir  -In.  iil  an 
luiwciirli'il  ilri\  uml  -mmlliiL,'  iii'ar  liliii,  iiiiiiki'  Miiimil  mumIs." 

Il.lAll,   lln.ik  V. 

Li:i"r  Willi  llu'so  fearful  oiMs  Hh'  iiniiinrtiil  pnils  iiiiiH' 
y  ali.iiil  uiir  luT'i.  iiiiil  C'(i\v|i('iis  iiinrc  lliiiii  iiiiy  nili.  r 
l,\'\iiliiiiiin;,rv  liallli-lirld  ivcnlls  llic  tipli'iidiil  iiiiicliiiuiy 
(if  t!i,.  Iliinii'rii'  .-Irit'.'s.  'I'luis  tii''  "lil  <ini'k  uniilil  .-;iy 
it.  1)111,  ill  iiur  "  >iiii'r  uiinl."  "  (iml  .-I'lil  his  iiii,i;rl." 

('ii\v|irii-  iiinl  'rri'iiliiii  jiliuiil  illiiiiiiiiiiU'il  willi  ii  .-ii|ii  r- 
liiiiiiuii  L'li'iv.  Ai  'I'nniiin,  wlnn  iln'  lli's.-iiiiis  llinw 
(li.uii  tlirir  iii'iii-.  '■  \\  ii.-liiii;j;ii'M,  wIh'Sc  .slioiiif  will  Iml 
liii'ii  slniiiiril  rurM'W'iiUTii  liiiurs,  ;,nivi'  Wiiy  luliis  I'lrliiiu'S 
ai'.il  wilh  cliisiH'il  IkuhIs  I'liisfd  his  eves.  <;K'!iiniii^' wi.h 
lliiiiil<rnliir~>.  Ill  licavi'ti."*  At  Cuwpcns.  al'tcr  the  \ictnrv. 
MiirLMii.  riilintr  liver  tiir  iiijil.  was  licinl  to  iitti  i  aiulilili' 
thauk-;ii\  iii,i:s  In  llu'  <ii'(l  "f  Imttlcs.t  'I'arli'tun  alti'iiipts 
ill  \aiii  III  accinnil  t'lir  his  aina/.iii^  (liscoinlitiirc.  Alter 
sii.ir,m'>rm,ii'  niaiiy  tliin.ns  which  ini.;,;lit  liavi'  inclined  tlio 
liattle  (itlierwise.  he  says,  "luit  al'ler  all  if  rntici/is  a  »ii;/s- 
/rrif.  It  was  either  the  bravery  or  •^<>i>i\  cnndiiel  uj'  the 
Americans,  or  the  lim-e  niaiiiier  id'  rnriiiiiiL;'.  always  prac- 
ticed liv  the  kinir's  (rMii|is  in  America,  m'  sunir  inifnnsifi). 
••••  lii'wr'-Jl,  V(.l    I\.  +  (hnhiiiii'x  A..,'.  ■il.\f"ifj'0>. 


Xi  Mil.  <  ow  I'llNS. 


;i;) 


nc    III     III''    lln-lili' 

hiy  III!-    Ilillll    «  ho 
'    'I'lm-  III'  -|iiikc' 

llirill'.'  Ill  lllnlHI'lll' 

iiiiu'lii  liiiir  nil  l'..r 
ami  lli^  -III'  111  ail 

Ii.iAii,  l!..,ikV. 

ill  piiils  ciiliu' 
an  any  uili.  r 
1(1  iniicliiiKry 
rk  uii'.ilil  >ay 
aiiurl." 
nlli   a  .-ii|irr- 
■>,-iaiis    llll'rW 
011:1:  \\ill   lii'l 
I)  liis  rci'Iiiiu'-, 
flcamiii;.'  wi.li 
■r  the  \  ictury, 
litli  I   aiiililili' 
•tun  alU'inpts 
I'll  lire.      Ariel- 
iii<liiu'(l  tliu 
iiiii'dix  ii  lttll>'- 
niiliicl  111'  llu' 
.  always  prac- 
III I'  (uil''insicn 

■[!'  M"l(J'iii. 


tt 


mill,  wlili'li  may  llirnw  Icrrnr  into  tlic  tiin.i  discipIiiHd 

M.l'lii  r-i  i>r  fiiiiiili'iMi'i  ill  ■  111. -I  i''iiii''T!ri|  ili\'i;:iis." 

('n\\|iiii-  nIlViN  M'wr.il  fiiillur  |iarallrU  in  'i'lvnloii. 
'I'lir  Imiir  srrii- nf  ili>a>l<r.-  al  tlif  Suiitli  liail  .  \l:'iiiMri| 
llir  i',-iiiii'fcs  anil  Wfll-iii-!i  l>rnKrii  llic  licari  •  ami  rr.-lii'il 
llir  iinin's  III  llial  -aliiMl  |iii.|il>'.  Kill,::".-  M.Hint.ri!.  in- 
iImiI.  liail  niaili'  a  rill  in  iIp' rlmnl.  lull  ill  iv  llif\  liml 
cniitrnilcii  mainly  willi  an  army  uf  tmir-.  Aililnl  in  llic 
wi'll-apiiiiinlfil  army  of  (  nrnuallis  'rarldnn  hail  -Inirk  a 
tiTmr  inio  the  Siuiiliirn  luari  likf  1  l.al  u  ii  li  w  liirli  iIh' 
III— iaii  .-ulilii  r.-  lanl   in-|iiiTil  \\w  Nurllni'ii   pairii'ls  al'lir 

Ihr  lit  real  (if  I '-;■  I'^liiml   ami   llir   ivvcIm's  of  I  In'  ('"m- 

nianiliT-iii-cliii  r  in  New  .Irr-iy.  Tiny  siw  imlliiiiLr  i" 
()l,|iii,-i'  111  >iicli  aihcr.-aric.-'.  As'l'ivntmi  (lis|iclli'i|  llic  illii- 
Mi.n  thai  invcsU'd  the  ll»-Man  wiili  iiivinrii.li'  mi.L'lil.  >" 
Cuwiii'iis  hriikc  till'  siicll  lliat  licM  llic  ('amliiia-^  niTNcKss 
liffore  Tarli  Inn. 

At    'riTiili'ii    ami   ('n.v|M'ii-.    VVa.-liinLMoii    ami    Mmiran 

(.i|iiall\  ivali/cil    iIk'   mninMiluiis  i.^.-ms  nl'  ll-r  I r.  aid 

fell  liic  ii/isiilii/r  ilin.ysif;/  iif  siirn.ys  1 11  t  lie  call-'i'.  Alhr 
(lie  lamliiiLrol'  Wa-liiiiLiton's  »lilaclimrnl  mar  'rirnlnii, 
Sullivan  ••  rcimi'tid  In  him  hy  niic  nl'  his  aid-,  that  llu' 
urms  nl"  his  i-arly  wtiv  wet."  "  ••'I'liiii  tril  yniir  <  inn  nil." 
answnvil  Wa-i  in.irlnn,  -tn  n-r  the  haynml.  ami  jn  ndraU' 
inlii  tlu'  Inwn.  U>v  the  tnwn  mii-t  he  laUcii,  ami  1  am  iv- 
Milv.il  tn  ill)  it."*'  Thill  Stark's  haymu'ts  nisliid  fnruanl. 
Mni'Lian  knew  ••lio  walked  o'er  perils,  nn  an  ed-e,  mmr 
liUelv  In  fall  ill,  than  m  p'l  n'er."  Wliai  strii;:-ie  slmnk 
liis  s^onl  on  that,  liat tie's  eve.  we  know  imt  :  hut  that  he 
came  out  I'rnni  it,  stroii.LX  and  calm,  we  do  kiinw. 

IlimsoU'  tolls  us  nl"  the  terror  that  .■iiriiated  him  on  that 
New  Year's  ove  of  i:;.')  hefore  the  assault  on  (,)imhee.  '•  He 
was  sleopin.L,'  when  the  onler  was  ,u:i\en  for  his  reiiimeiit  In 
furin.  Ujinn  awakiii--  his  mini  lieeame  suddenly  so  im- 
pressed with  the  fearful  nature  nf  ihe  eiileriirise  in  wliieli 
*  lliiiicroft.  Vol.  IX. 


•,':;i 


AT  THi;  roWI'KSH. 


he    w;i--    liliullt     In    I'llplj;!',    lllilt     ll''    -liivi'i  il    llirnll;:li    Iiis 

wliiilc  rraiiM'.  iiinl.  fnr  u  tiiiic.  It'll  .|iiiir  iiiiim|1iiiI  lu  iIh'  l.i-k 

Wllirll  (lllly  itlxt  lli'lmr  i||l|>nsri|  lljiKtl  llilll.  lie  .-nil;.']!! 
mil  II  si'cliuli'd  s|ii)|.  ;tii(i.  kllrfrni;f  iImwii.  Ill'  |ii';i_\i'(|  iiiii,«t 
I'lTVclllh    I'lil'    |H'iit('rlln||    I'lil'  llllll.-cH'  IIIhI    llM  lllcll,  iiihI  I'm' 

II  iriiiiniili  I'nr  lii^ruuiiin.  Ili'  imsc  wllli  ('iiiiriij.'(.' iiml  con- 
llilmcr.  iiii.l  will)  clui  rfiiliu  ^s  limk  lii>  iijiici' lit  the  lii'iul 
nl' lii>  I  luiiiiiaml,"  Mi>r,LM»r«  nun  wnrds  iirc  :  "IT  i'\<r  1 
imivcil  ill  ciiriicsl  il  \v;i^  ii|)'iii  ihal  nccnsinii.  (■niiiinilliiij,' 
liivM'lf  into  ill.'  Iiiiml-  ..f  llic  Aliiii-lily  ninl  iiM|iinrin'/  liis 
|ir(ih'('tiiiii.  ll.niiiir  tlniic  m),  I  kisc  I'ltnii  \\\\  kiut  s.  tli>- 
missi'd  my  I'l'iir-.  iniil  led  mi  my  im'ii  to  tlic  as-aiili.  I 
vi'rilv  liilii'Vc  it  was  ciilifi'ly  ou  inir  to  an  ovririilinir  I'l'o- 
vidi'iicr.  ill  wlioiii  1  I'ciHiscd  coiilidrlicc.  lliat  I  wu-  so 
iiicrciriillv  iii'otrcii'd.  ami  iMniiL'lii  oiT  >at'ily  IVoiii  tin' t'\- 
ii'rinc  ilaiiLii'i--^  llirmiu'li  wlii.lt  I  |ia~>rd  on  ilial  morn  111,1.'."* 

MnrLian  had  inrmiiiid  liiin.-iir  acciiralciy  of  ilic  iialiirc 
'III. I  -tivii'jlh  ol'Tarl. 'ton's  I'.'nv.  ricked  IJritisli  rcjiilars. 
twice  liis  nmiilirroj'  int'anlry.  lliive  linies  Ids  miiidier  o|' 
cavalry,  and  w.ll  -rrveil  ariillery.  ('m'iiw;illis*  ariii;  was 
iilmosi  wiiliin  strikiii.L;- tli>lance.  Of  artillery  Mdri^an  liad 
none,  1. 1,1  hoped  hi  nll'-el  this  iiL'ly  odds  hy  the  rilh -l/a!l.-! 
(if  hi-  >kdleii  mark-iiieii. 

His  little  army  inciiid.  d  what  remain. d  of  ihepillant 
hriLMdeuf  .M.irylamlers  iiinlei'  Howard,  who  nii  that  sliame- 
fiillield  of  Camden,  drove  the  Uriti-h  left  wiiiu'  tieforo 
them  at  the  point  of  their  liayoiiet-.  and  saved  American 
lioiior.  A  more  daring'  and  ell'e(  ii\e  ('m-|i-'  of  cavalry  for 
its  iiumliers  than  that  of  Colonel  Washinirtoii.  did  not 
e\i-t.  S-'ine  of  ills  nnlitia  had  also  served  ?liorL  terms 
amoiiLT  the  Continental  army. 

Oil  the  eveninfrheforc  the  hat  tie  Colonel  I'ickens  r-'aclied 

the  caiiii)  with  one  hundred   and   lifty   militia  i'roin   th-' 

Bi'..ail  Ii'iver.    Durint:  the  iiiirht  several  other  jiarlies  came 

in.  tiftv  ill  all.     .Moi'Lran  fell   himself  .«u.stainud  by  oillcers 

*  Ura/iitm'x  Life  <</  Morgan. 


\"' 


1 


Ai  nil;  r(»\vi'i:xrt. 


im 


nil  In  I  III'  i.i-k 

lie    .-nl|;.'llt 

■  li|;l_\rii    llliifit 

iiM'ii,  iiml  till' 
irjiL'i.'  iiii'l  f'lii- 

■('  lit    the  lli'll'l 

■ :  -It"  ('\ir  1 

h.  cuiiiinilliiii^' 

iiM|iiiii'iiiir  Ills 

iiiv  i\iitts.  tlis- 

ll(°'   ilSSlllll.       I 

vririiliiiu'  I'l'ii- 

JKll  1  Wil-  Sll 
y  I'lMtll  till'  r\- 

uil  iiiMniiiitr."'" 
(if  tlic  Mill  lire 
•itisli  rcvuliirs. 
Ills  miiiilii  r  III' 
illis*  .•irni/  \v;i> 
•V  MuriTiiii  liiiil 

■  the  rill.  -Kalis 

ni'  tlu'  pilhiiit 

nil  lllill  sIlllllK- 

t  uiiiu:  ln't'orc 
iviii  Amu  riiiiii 
ul'  en  V, I  In  fur 
iirtuii.  dill  imt 
(l  .-hurl  terms 

'icknis  r<'!U'licil 
ililiii  rrniii  III.' 
.■r  jmrtit's  caiiH' 
null  bv  otliccrs 


. 


Ill  wlifitll  lie  rr)io-<f'tl  iiiiuavcriiiir  inMliilriirp,  wtin.  in  liirii, 

!>tM  U    ImU    llh_\    Uilr  :.r||.|i|||,i|.   ;ill  I    V  i  IT   U  I'll  I'Kllllill     ti> 

^|,  .  I  I  III  111-.  1-,  ('.  t'i'iiiii  llii  ir  h'aili  r'-  linlal. 

Nnlalilv  liif  ^'all.ih'  <',i|,.i,'l  I'i.  Im  lis  I.icnii'tiaiil-Ciilii. 
Ill  I-  Wa-ii  'i,irtiMi  ami  llnwar.l  nf  .Maryland  Wfrc  h.wi'iw 
of  -innulli.  'I'riK.'  tlicy  iiad  lli'd  Itrl'iiri'  'riirlctiiii  ii  Cam- 
di  II.  and  will  iipiiii  al  (liiilfnrd  I'lHiit-lldii.-ii' ;  Iml  iiuvv  at, 
Ctiiv  lull-'.  Ill'  ,«liall  lly  1)1  I'll  re  tlu'iii. 

.Mnrjian's  lir.-'l  ciiri'  wa-*  to  .-trriiutlu'ii  lii>  cavalry.  m»  far 
iiil'iiiiir  in  niiiiilx i'>  III  llial  MJ'  III-  I'liriny.  Ilr  ('ailed  fur 
vnlunli'rr-,  and  l'iii'l\-li\i'  nun  sir|i|ii'd  t'nruiird.  'I'lu'y 
wi'iT  ('i|iii|i|iril  and  added  lu  W  a-liiiiirlnii'- i'iii'|i>.  lie  ne\t 
diT'i'li'd  Ins  lia;.'L'!i,u'i'  ti>  iiiii\e  lnl'iu'e  dav  li::lit  Inward  llii> 
ri.i'd- III'  ilie  Mruad  lliver;  iiii'l  llieie  nwai!  I'lirilier  nrdcrs. 
I'atiiilliiiLf  parlies  Were  ili'^|ial('lii'd  in  dill'ei.  nl  ''ireelimiS 
In  ualill  and  re|iiil'l  every  ninve  nf  llie  enilll\.  wlin  was 
eneaiii|ieil  imi  far  di  laiil.  'I'lie  li'nn|i«  »\(  re  disiiii-<eil  In 
fund  and   re.-t.     Mni'i^aii  uiili    Ids  nllieers  sal    in  iniineil  ; 

and  afler  llial — I  lie  cnniieil  n\er — U  I  III  I    tlli'll  ? 

'I'liel'i' enuld   lie  lin  r(|in<c  fn|'  MiiI';.Call.      jJndies  nf  luililia 

were  nrri\  iii'u' all  tlirna;;li  ili.'  ni.L;lit.nii  wliieli.  in  part,  his 

Iinpes  dipellded.  Snliie  nf  I  lirse  he  had  lieSerseell  lirfnie, 
and  they  did  iml  Kiinw  their  iiiiiiradis.  MnrMaii  iiiidi  r- 
,-tnnd  ilie  militia  tlinrniiirlily  ;  ;.'ave  tlieiii  full  credit  fnr 
the  kind  nrMi'vici'  lliey  rendered,  and  knew  InevS'  tnnhtaiii 
that  si'rviee  frinii  them. 

The  llrst  si;,dit  nf  >neli  a  cnmmander  inspired  I  hem  with 
cnntideiicc  ;  ills  piiwei'fiil  pli\sii|iie  and  di.uiiilied  military 
pi'eseiu'o  ;  his  I'l'pulatinn  fnr  judirineiit  and  cmiraire  ;  the 
fame  nf  his  achii'veineiits  ;  almvc  all.  the  mhiI  nf  jnindiiess 
that  heamed  I'min  his  cniiiiteiaiiiee  and  wanned  his  ;;cnial, 
friendly  manner,  drew  their  hearts  tn  him. 

These  new  uiipraeticed  militia — cliildreii  in  war — mii-l 
lie  iiliieaied  nver  nii^lit  iiiid  hrouirht  into  sympathy  anl 
lirntlurhnnd  wiili  his  little  army.  .Mnriran  miisi  impart 
tomt'whut  ul"  himself  to  every  heart  and  arm,  that   liny 


AT  Till:  I  OWI'KNS. 


miiVHlriko  lom'tiu-r.  as  willj  our  liriiri   ami  (iiic  iirm.  nii 
I  lie  ii.'Mrrnw. 

A  \i>liiiilit  r,  Major  'riiniiiii-i  ^■|»llll;.^  U\\*  ih  lliU  aiicr- 
tint.',  I'm-  uliirli  we  iliaiik  liiiii  n,:.'lit  liiMi'i ily.     lie  .•av.-i : 

••I  think  Miirv'aii  wvmv  .-I(  |tl  a  moiih'iit  llial  iii,irlit. 
Ill'  \\n:i  iiiii\iiiu;  alioiii  iiiiinii;,'  tin-  iicwlv  nrrivt'tl  \(iliiiiltrr». 
•  'isiii;,'  llii'tii  wiinl-  <<i  (  iirtiiii'a;.'tiiniit,  in-pn  liisi.'  tluii' 
ai'iiis  jliri'rliiip:  tliiiii  liow  1m-I  tn  impaiv  iIiciii-'iIm'.''. 
Ill'  iiliiiwctl  a  (•itiiliilciil  ami  rlirirl'nl  air.  juknl  willi 
llii'iii  aliMiil  their  i^wi'i'lluarts  al  limiu",  |iriiiiciiiiL,'  llu' 
cirlaiiit.v  dl'  siU(Trt-i  aii^l  tln'  «l'>rv  iIkv  would  win.  lie 
l.rniiii.'^.'il  tlicm.  if  llii'V  wniilil  Inil  staml  liv  him.  liic  "  nhl 
\\ii;:oii>r'  wciild  crack  iii-i  whip  nvcr  Man  Taiil'Mi  on  the 
iiiurniw.  •  llnid  up  _\iiiir  licad,-'.  Ii(>v«;  llircc  tires  and  yon 
are  free;  and  when  yu  .'.■•o  hack  to  your  iinnie-,  how  ihi' 
old  f'dks  will  hless  yoii.  and  the -irN  ki-s  yon  lor  vonr 
gallant  di'i'ds."" 

Morgan  ar;.'ned  fa\oralily  IVoni  the  lael  lliat  Tarl'  ton 
wa-  intoNJeated  with  his  lon,ir  lid.' of  .-.neces-.  ha-il\.  with 
the  inorniii,!.'  eaiiu'  the  inlelli'.'enee  thai  Cornwallis  had 
not  vet  moved  IVoni  'I'nrkey  Cnrk  ;  which  meant  llial 
Lc-lie  had  not  eoinc  \\\>  and  he  had  only  Tarletoii  to  lleht. 
'I'arleton's  army  wa<  in  motion  at  three  o'clock  on  the 
mortiiii.ir  id'  the  ilth.and  al  dawn  an  advance  .L'liard  ot" 
his  cavalry  drove  one  of  Mor^'anV  patrols  who  came  into^ 
camp,  after  a  runiiiii;:  liirht,  and  reported  the  approach  of 
the  I'.rilish.  Meantime  two  troops  of  ca\alry  were  sent, 
forward  with  order-  to  harass  the  .\iiie'-.can  rear,  snppos- 
in,;,'  of  course  that  they  were  ret reiii'.ni.'.  They  ri'tnriied 
to  announce  thai    the  Americans  '.waited   them   in  hattlc 


array. 

r 


riiey  were  deplovcil  npmi  the  field  that  Moriran  had 
.-elected;  siiu'e  occupied  l>y  the  iron  works  of  Messrs. 
Hamilton  and  Kimore  in  SpartanshurLT  district. 

It  measnretl  from  front  torearaliont  live  hundred  yards, 
and  was  cro-sed  by  two  emineiiees  ;    the  lirst   of  which, 


■ 


uiic  iii'in,  I'll 
11^    tlli-   lllicf 

111'  MiV'' : 

I  lii:il    lii'jlit. 
(I  \(illllllt  rl'-. 

IU'rlilSi.'  Ilirir 
.'  lliclll-chc.-i. 
,  jiiknl  wilh 
rnlicliliu'    llli' 

lid  uiii.  Ml' 
llilil,  llic  '  iilil 
tl'Irl'ill  nil   tll>- 

tires  aiitl  Villi 

lines,  lldW  llie 
yoii   I'lii"   VDiii" 

tliMl  Tali  I. '11 
Ijii-lly.  willi 

Dl'llWilllis      llil'l 

li  iinaiil  lliMl 
•lelnti  to  li.ulil. 
(('(•lock  oil  till' 
iiiicc  u'lianl  of 
k\liii  eaiiie  into 
le  appniaeii  nl' 
alrv  Were  si'nt 

II  rear,  siipims- 
Tliey  retiiriii'il 
tlieiii  ill  Itatllu 

t  MoriruM  hail 
•ks  nt"  Messrs. 
•iot. 

liuiidrod  yards, 
first   of  wliieli, 


"finnrr^ 


\    u*^ 


^-^M:'^""    ^'         « 


fcr-.-'.t 


^-"•^4" 

j:,^'. —     J -"BBB    OKJ-.'      -^'\,r' — -•"•' %«^'    ■     - 


r-i- 


^^•|'     I  111     .  nU  li  N't, 


'm 


-A-v- 


-t,\ 


.tl  ,in..J  ii«  In;;!..'.!  |»'tlil  aUnm  iIikv  lniii'lr..|  Viir'l-  rmm 
III.  ri.".i,  Till'  iifor.uA  ili.ii  il.'M-i.ii.lt'.l  r./r  iilMitil  ilfilHy 
ViirJ..  ttlMh  ii  ptiKluitlly  ru-.'  int..  u  ..<"ii.l  .  ntiii.iMv. 
Vli.'  iM.Mtinii  «ii-  I'ar  rr"iii  ill"  iuiv'l>»"»i'lt'""l  "f  '•«'i»>|"» 
riv,  Ir-rii  uiMl.rl'i'i.ii.  lu.a  »-<.vrtv.l  wiili  "i.  ..hliimrv 
cnrnthor  |.ii»y  ir».^{  «iW^'f."l  uiili  »ni.ai.;.niit  wUt^ur.' 
to  tin-  i-lii-mrur  t.f  lii-  •<""|'-  ">"'  ''•'  I''""  "^  '"'"'''• 

Moi-'Mii'-  iuM>*^T-r'.llH  ;/:.\.  '-v.T  iiii..'  h\mU'>  A  iii.  ii.lMit 
oiJ.  .1.  M.'liiihi.i  hud  v'"«"'  w'"'  »•"■  ''■»Wi»P'.  iH>"t  »•'•»•  ^^■''' 
i»rUom-r-  I..  Suli-lMirv.  u  •liicl  ^'iu.r.|...|  il..'  Iihi>  ,.  ..f  iti.. 
tiiilitia  ill  til"  r.iiiMHi'l  11  |uTnitla-«'«.r.liMal.li.l  .-r  ,-i.k 
.  r.a>i.'.l  hU  li;.'lninu'  U<tw  t»  v\,iU\  Iminliv.l.  Mur-.m 
liiiii'-rir  'iivi- ilii^  iiiiM»l.'i'.  iiikI  w.'  tiilv.'  liiM  WMi-il.  'lliu 
Hi-iii'^h  roiv,'  tviirh.'l  -  5.S-II  hiiii.iiv.l.  witli  ui'ltll.i). 

Oil  the  lift  citiiii.iK*'.  M'TJiiir  (H.Mr.l  (If  .l.tacl.tiMiit 
tlmtwuM  IM  1.  ill- til.'  .-tmiiiof  ll.-lHittl.'-Unw.inrs  ln- 
„i!iu..  ..M'..iiiiii.iiii«l'.  «iili  ill-  Vu-iiiiu  miliii.i  mmI.  f 
Tiil.lclt.  I.v.  lliitti  I'-'iir  limulivil  iiH'ii.  In  iM.i.l  ..r  Hh  — 
w,.,v  iH.-lv.l  llu-  iir.in  l">"ly  -r  luilnin.  mni.  r  C-l.m.  I 
I'ick.u^.iilKMit  tliiv,.luiiiaiv.l  ..iruiijr.     A  ImumIiv.I  vui'.ly.i 

ll.lVillir.'  of   (U.S..'.  wen'. I  IhmIv  .-f  ( Icur^'iall-.    In  lit.'    nulit, 

ati.l  al...iit  til.-  "iiiir     iniiihi.T  .'I"  Can-lniiai:-  -i.   Wn-  WU, 
Hfltrli'tl  r.n-  Kfif  .'..nni^'.'  im.l  slvill  will.  l!i>'  nll«'. 

riM.ii  liK'K>'"i'"l  <iniii.  II.'.'.  II  liiin.liv.l  nu.!  fillv  Niml.-* 
in  \Uv  nar.-r  titf  iuaiii  Lo'lv,  ('»-l.'ii'i  Wu-liiii-i-.n  w'»^* 
,„hI,mI  witli  hi-,  cuvalry.  ..m'  hnii.hv.l  an.l  i«.  nt.v  -irMn;,^ 
II..  «„.  \i,  liilK  111.'  mililiu  ^li«"it.!  Ilif.v  ll>.aii.l  pni.t'l 
llu.iii  sli..iiM  ll'i.'V  !«■  i-iu-u,.;.  IWk  ..r  Hi.  M.  ih-  ii-r.-.H 
.,r  (be  militia  w.  iv  ..niml  to  tin-  Im.M'^Ii- ..!'  y.niii- l"ia' 
tr.«vs.  su.l.tl..!  iiu.l  I'li.lt.'.l,  ivti.ly  f..niM>  isi  any  nii.  ra.n.  >. 

Tlu'V  iia.l    -lariTlv  takiii  tlK-ir  scvi-rul   i..i..ili.'iis.  vvlii  ii 
M.„-.m"ii   vv:i^-  ihC.riMv.l    tli,i!   Tarl.'l.mV  .lii.ositi..ii.s  wciv 

Micira-  iiHi.!i.'.i  an  ;iii iiaU- atiii.K.      IMas  \u,xM  Iium- 

|,ivii  Tark-t..MV  l.t-i   i-li^y,  au.l  vwi^  v\li.ii   M-.v-aii  m..-(_ 
IViiiv.l,  liul   iw.w  <U'i.arti'il  I'miu  in-  miU'l  ^^'-y  ^'•••'''l  "' 


AT  riii:  •owi'»:x«. 


ll»r  n»iill.  u»il  i»  Mt»l»!' i»ll'l''»M't'  iii^jiiri il  lii*  i«vm-  w.m.I 

uimI  iif'ilim,  iMiii  iHiMiihuiiif.Ut'*!  i»«»'U  to  hi'  folltim  r*. 

Willi.' tit.'  I  ii.iiiv  r..niif.|  llitir  lilt.'  nf  IhiHIi'.  Ii.' mitii. 
|iiti|  tlh  ^-li'.rt  iiii'l  .i^l'iil  int.  rvtil  f.i  'j'wv  |.»  iIm'  h^|t.il|\»» 
jtiti'.  ihi-  lit I'i'-iirt  iliivihoiii-.  iiii'l  lilt' I'  II  Hiiiil  tttn-tl  ttf 
ii|i|niil  lit  ilii'ir  ri.iini'ii' itinl  I'iiiii'.ii'-iii  '!'••  ili«'  |.i' ki'tl 
IhwIv  ttf  iiiarK  iii'ii  in  h'MUi.  In*  iii-lfiii  ii"ii-.  w.ri'.  to  iiika 

III."    «'U»I'|'   III'   III.'     II^V^    llll'l.    II|H.II     lit.'     ll|t|»rtHMll    til'  llitf 

I'lii'iiiv  witliiii  p""l  'li'Miiiiijr  lanv'''.  i'»  'ln*^*  wImiImi'  ><i' 
nut  iliiv  «.  11'  ttitiil.il  to  ill'  ir  npiiiiiii.'ii  ttt  Uvaw  »u» 
iiit.l  pHiil  iiiiirK-iii.ii. 

Tlii'V  »4t'l't'  It'  I'ttiri'  ttliiwh  ll"  iIh'  1  in  iii\  uiImiiiii'.I,  l"inl- 
ihU  iiimI  Itciiiv'  iiii'lff  >lti'lt.  i''«r  llirin.H.iihiil  iImv  r.ii'li.il 
iIh'  iiiiiiit  l»"l>  iiiitl'  r  I'likiii-.  nilli  uIh.mi  liny  w.r.'  to 
tu-t.  Ill-  liinl  M'l  till'  <lttii*yiimM  till  III''  li'iiit  iiii'l  III'' 
rm'i.liiil.iii''  i>ii  III.'  left.  Willi  111''  ^i''^v  f.f  t'Nfiiiii'.'  !i  >.|'iiii 
t'l' riMilrv.  "bf  liif  Hci'."' iM  Ih'  tiiiii'il  l'i"m  iln'  lni''. 
••  aIiIiIi  iii'i'  miHt  iiiiilli"!  I"  Hi''  ir"lii  i>t'  Imn.'  iifii  " 
'I'l.  ill''  iimiri  lioily  of  iiiiliiiii  It.'  tli'ii  iitltli'i',-".!  Imii  iH'. 

Hi-'    iT'l'T'  Wl  IV.    lO    II  "t'fVf   llicir    lllV    lllllil    till'  I  ll'IIIN    up- 

|ir..ii.li'il  wiiliiii  lll'iy  Viinl-.  wlu'ii.  iiftir  tldiv.riii;;  \\s<> 
H.ll-.liivii.'l  roiiiitl-.lli.v  wt'iv  to  ivfii'i'  in  yoiMl  onlii'iin.l 

lllki'    |"i-ilio|l    .III    III.'    Ii'i'l   of   III''    lllilill    I'll'',    i"    'III'    '''I"'- 

lii'iit'.'  liy  ri';;iiiii'iii-*  it'^  IIh'V  T'II  Imtk. 

Iliiviiii.'  (''•ncliiil''"!  tlicHi'  liiiimti'  tliivftioii-.  Ii<'  ilnn  aj'- 
pi'iilril  l.itlifii'  t'oiirii>;»'  iiiiil  pill  riot  isiii.  ll<(  onipliiiH  iii"! 
Ihi'iii  upon  ihn  ixcflliiit  ii'T\l.'' Ilicv  liml  nlrtinls  n  ii'li'it'l. 
with  :ill  I  he  .li-iiilviiiitii;rt'-  "f  roiil'ii'liiiu'  «illi  n'.L'iiliH' 
ti'iMtp!'.  uini  l"-oii'_'lil  tli'iii  oil  llii^  <'.ay  to  inl'l  lo  liml 
I'lpiiliilioii. 

11'' ii.-ki^'l  lull  ;iii  onliiiiiry  ili-jihiy  of  iii:iiiii 1  "H   ili''ii" 

purl  to  iTiidcr  victory  c'l'iiiiii.  Hi'  mlroiily  liiiiicl  llial 
lliulil  woiil.l  liiit  I'li-inv  llit'ir  (l.'slriiftioii.  wlnli'  silViy, 
iitUaiitii','!' Jind  honor  vstnil'l  iilikf  !"■  oliiiiiiutl  liy  a  coura- 
^XfoiiH  rt'sistaiii'i'.  Ill'  ii<-iiri'il  tiniii  liiat.  Hh'  Ii'IimII'.  'h' 
had  not  a  iloiiM  <\'  lli'-  n'siiH.  il"  Hh'V.  iIh'  miliiia.  "oiil.l 


\i    nil    iiMVI'I'V-*. 


•.»;i?» 


vsfn  word 

» 

It',  hi'  IMTII' 
H'  |>l')'|N'l'liM> 
hill   Mnfd  of 

III.'  |tiik(i| 
Mil',  to  llllyi' 
iMM'll   t>r  I  tut 

wIk'IIh'I'  »r 
'  l)i'ii\i'  hit  II 

IIKl't'il,  lilllil* 
ln'V   li'Ui'lli'll 

III  y  NVi  I'f  III 
lit  iiinl  lliK 
liii'.'  !i  ."iniil 
til  llir  III)''. 
Iii'iixf  hi'ii  " 
iHi'il  liiiii  I'Ifi 

If  llHIIIV  Ujl- 

livtriii;;  t\vi» 
ihI  Driti'i'iiml 

in  till'  I'l'iir, 

,  111'  ihrll  a|i- 
iiniiriiiii'iii<'<l 

nl\   I'l  IlilclCil, 

ivitli    i'(';.'iiliir 
u<lil   li>  that 

null    nil     llli'il' 

liiiiti'il  that 

while  sil'i'tv, 
I  liy  a  I'Hiira- 
ir  liiiiiilr.  Ill' 
lililia.  uiiiilil 


lull  |i»  rfi»rm  ftn'if  nii|>li  'liit\,  II"  rcrallnl  iIm' ;;l"ir>  uf 
in*  j»r  *itnM  liiittli'-llil"l«,  h»  Hliii''),  ill  till'  lit't'l  itl'  hi* 
\iiliahi  rllU'  njfihi-  ht*,  Im'  IhiI  li(niil>li»l  I'ih-k  fur  iiinri-  f«»r- 
iiimIiiIiIi'  Ihiih  iliM-i'  iiitw  Im  fiti-i'  lilm,  titi>l  r\|tri'««til   //' 

ill  (»/(» '//i /»»'»  htufihfn,  /«  tii'iih/  »fi'fif»/>fin;f  n'llh  no  tt/ifnim  til 
tr/niiH  h' /it/  iutfi»fhtf  hi*  utt'ht  iin»h  ii'hrHiiii'  kf  tlin»i; 
Hi  lii'iii-iiiir  hi*  Mitlt  r»,  with  an  I'vhMrlalinti  In  mIm'V  thfhi 
w itii  lhiiiiii'*>.  Ill'  |ii'iM'i'i  ili'il  tn  l|iiiwti'il%  htaiii  Hill'.  A  ft  «v 
hrli'l'  vvt>i'il«  wiiviill  ihiit  uii't'  iim'-i«iii'y  luri'.  'I'Ih'V  in  t  <Ii  .1 
iiii  .limnlu*  »>f  »'|»iril-^liriiiiji{  "{H't'i'li  i*'  iIm    iMiruiiiiini  .■ 

I    l'    ll''rnil'  llll'tU, 

III'    r\|i|alhfil    ttl    llli'lll     lli^    ill-lnirlinll-.    fnr    till  •|||0\l'. 

liii'iitu  nf  tli<' militia,  |ir«'|itinil  thiiii  i.>i\|it'it  ilir  n  in  at 
•if  lliat  Imm|\,  mill  hi-"  |iiti'|Mi.i'  t'l  III-  ai  rnlii|ili.'lu'<l  hs  ihi;^ 
hiaiiiiiMv.  Ill' iliiniiil  thrill  In  lliv  Inu  iiimI  ill  lihi  ratily  ; 
lint    In    lil'i;iK    IIII    any  iHC'tMlht,  IIImI.  if   f'in'i''l   In  IVtil'i'.  Ill 

rails  nil  llic  I  iiiiiiiiirf  ill  Ihrir  I'l'ai".  uImti'.  ,*ii|i|inrli  iI  !>> 
llii'    (•;".\ali>    ami    liiililia,   tlirtv   iniiM    lir   iin  ilitViit.      Ih' 

I'l'lllillilni     lll'lll     nf    lllril-     iiWM      jUnml     aill  ii'M'IIH  II I  •,     IIIhI 

cliaiL'til  iIhim  llial  \miIi  iImiii  n'ttitl  tin'  lliial  rni'liin.  .  nf 
llif  ilav  ami  lIu'  ;.'<'nil  tn  In'  iu'liir\ii|  I'nr  tlirir  inmiti'v. 

'rmiitnii  liiiiiM'ir  It'll  till'  iittiu''<  '(V  iimvin;.'  rnrwanl  uiili 
II  .-mall  rtroiiiiniit'riiiir  party.  A  .aliit.-nf  rili<'-l>al|i.  I'min 
III.'  Aiiu'ricaii  ihImiik'.'.  cniiviiKi'il  him  that  |ii'ii.|.ii(i'  ua^ 

till'  hi'tur  piri  n|'  valiif.     Ill'  fiiii't'tl  ami  ilirt'ttril  a  ii |t 

nl'  I'iiMilry  to  chiii'jri'  ih.'  linr  ami  diiM'  ii  in  ii|m'Ii  iIu'  v  ir 
hntly  nf  militia  iiii.h'i'  I'it  k.iii.  'I'lic  (imr-iiin-  jiml  Ciiin. 
liiiiaii-i  Mrictly  nlii'Vcl  tiir  .inliTH  thi'vhail  nn  ivi'il.  I'l'- 
tirtil  -lowly,  Inailili^' ami  liiiii'i.aml  jniiii'il  lin  main  I'mrt', 
uflir  hiniii;^  fiiiiiiiiil  lil'ii'i'ii  suhlli''. 

'I'arli'tnii  hy  this  tiiiif  liml  nnliivil  ilir  aihami' nl'  lii-^ 
iiililliTv,  ami.  iimlrr  cnvtr  nf  a  uarm  liiv.  \\a-  Inrminj,' 
Ihm  I'i^'hi  wiii^'.  Mis  li;rlit  ami  li'y:inii  iiil'aiitfy.  ilivflin;,' 
thiiii-i'Iv.'s  I.I"  I'sirylhiiii.'  hut  their iiriiH  ami  iimmiiiiiiii.ii. 
niiiiiHy  rnriiictl  on  llie  ri^iil.  ami.  unvintl  hy  the  lire  nl'  a 


no 


AT  'im:  rOWl'KNS. 


thrct'-iioiuulcr,  aiipncicluil  lu  within  tlircc  Imiiilrcd  viirds 
111'  llu' inilitiii.  'I'lu' .■^isriilli  !(',i.'iiii(iil  rnniird  idlhciill 
(if  the  liulit  inraiiirv,  cuvi'ImI  hy  aiinilirr  llnvc-|Miiinili  t. 
I''il'l\  (lra'.;i"'M-  mi  facli  ilaiik  (('iiiiiliinl  ilu  ili.-|in,-iiiuii  uf 
■laririuir-  iiiaiii  liiH'.  'I'iif  lii^l  lialtalinii  of  llic  m'miiIs- 
lir-l  iul'aiiti's.  wiili  tw"  liiiiiilrftl  ol'  llu'  \ri;'uin  c'a\al:y. 
w.Tc  ic,-ri".(il  at  alMiiit  (JUL'  liiimlivd  and  lil'ly  yard-  to  ilic 


nar. 


'I'arli  inn  ordrrcd  a  iirniiiiit  advaiico  of  the  wlinlc  line, 
acc(iiii|iaiiiitl  li\  a  (■uiiiiiiiial  lire  ul'  tlu'  ai'lilliTV.  \\  In  ii 
uilhiii  nlidiit  uiii'  liundrcd  yards  (if  llir  Aiiirricati  IVn:;i, 
thiv  iicrivi'd  a  close  and  deadly  liiv  l'n>ui  the  militia  iukU  r 
I'ickeiis.  SiiccetMliii;;  diseliar-es  told  well  ii|iuii  tlinii. 
('.-|H'C'iallv  tliiir  oHicirs.  iiol  cii"  id"  wliuin  slinwetl  liiiiiMll' 
i-(iM>[ii(U<»n.-ly  liul  was  lifnu,t:lit  In  tin  ;:Ti»iiiid. 

'I'lieir  jiai'e  slackened,  and  an  evident  disorder  |icr\adcd 
their  line,  hut  they  rci'o\i'reii  and  (■ontinn<'d  lliiir  Turward 
inoveineht    in  the  face  of  the  life  of  Tiektii-"  rilles. 

The  nuliiia  heiiau'd  iioidy.  they  «lid  nmre  than  had 
liei'n  n  (uired  of  IheMi.  Tiiey  now  retivated.  facinjjthe 
foe  and  lirint:'.  to  their  [dai  e  on  the  American  left,  luii, 
hc'fuiv  they  cunhl  I'onn  in  jio-ilion  Iumv.  'lark'toii  orilered 
ii  oavalry  cliai\iiv.  'I'iiis  hroke  their  lines,  and  they  re- 
treated rajjidly,  pur-ued  by  the  ca'wdry,  lo  the  ivar  emi- 
nence, and  to  the  protect  ion  of  Wash  i  nut  on'-s  IcLcion, — 
|ircci.-ely  as  they  had  iteen  directed. 

'I'he  ISritisl).  d.'ceiveil  hy  the  appareiil  llijzhf  of  the 
niililia,  supposin.t;'  the  victory  already  aidiie\i'd.  set-  iipa 
deari'nin,ir  shout,  and  with  a  rapid  Imt  uneven  iiaee, 
lirt'.ssed  forwanl  uimn  the  main  lini'  under  Jloward.  .\ow 
came  the  tu.Lj  (d'  battle.  'I'he  Contincntaks  ludd  their 
'■•round  as  if  rooted  to  (he  spot,  and  rapitUy  delivered  their 
lire.  The  liritish  line  faltered,  "eased  to  advance.,  and 
showeil  rather  a  disposition  to  retire;  so  much  so,  tli.i; 
Tarleton  lia>tily  ordered  up  his  re.-erves  — infantry  an  1 
oavali'y — to  their  support. 


luiMlrcd  Viinls 
lol  III  llu'  irl'l 
ln'in'-|piillliiliT. 
ili.>|iii,-itin|l  (if 

r  I  lie  >»'Viiil_v- 
cyioii  ciiNiil:  V. 
V  yiinl.~  to  iIk' 

llf  wlmlr    lilli', 

tillcry.  WImii 
in'riciin  IVn:;i, 
'  iiiililiu  iiiidi  r 

I  ll|inll  thi'lll, 
lliiWdl  llilll.-rll' 
1.1. 

mK'i'  |i(i"\iiil('il 
I  lli(  ir  IVirwiinl 
s'  rill.s. 
iiiiv  lliiiii   IukI 
Ic;!.  I'iK'iliLr  llic 

■il'illl  i.'l't.  lull, 
irlotoii  ui'ilrr.'d 
,  iiiul  iIu'V  rc- 
thc  I'l'iir  ciiii- 
lon'ri  k';riiiii, — 

llij:ht    of   ihc 

it'M'd.   Sl'l-    11 1»  il 

uiu'vcn  jiiict', 
luwanl.  Xtiw 
:als  lu'lcl  tlu'li- 
dclivc'ivil  tlii'ir 
J  iulviinct',,  iiii'l 

much  so,  lli.'i; 
—  iiitantry  nii  1 


AT  Tin;  <n\vi'i:vs. 


'in 


Moi'L'an  saw,  ami  liailcd  it  iisaii  indicition  nl'  di.s('oiir;i;f('- 
tiifiit  and  wcakm-.s  ;  lii-  clarion  \i<\\r<  >.iii  ii  ovir  ih,' 
licld.  iii>|iii'iiiL'  lii-  null  an  I  ojlicris  wiiii  new  (■iirrL:\. 

.\l  llii-  iiioiuriii  ill,'  jiriii-li  cavalry,  uliicli  had  pur- 
Hiii'd  oiir  iiiiliiia  in  liic  rear,  had  llicrc  ciicoiinicivd  Wasli- 
iiiL'lon's  IcL'ioii  III  ihcii'cn-i.  'I'liiy  wci-c  no\\  llyiiitx  hack 
pa-l  ihc  American  I.Tl,  Imlly  |piir-iici|  li\  \\  .i.-hinuiiui. 
uliilc  Ihc  inililia.  ralli'd  and  iv-lnrmr.l  hy  ihc  nalljini 
I'ickciis.  wci'c  sccti  coniintr  round  Ihc  rear  iiniiicncc.  ad- 
vancing''"WanN  the  Ann  rican  riL;iit.  Howard's  division 
slill  hiaiiilaiiiid  ii-cir  hravcly.  hill  ihc  ilriiish  iv-crvi-. 
ihlanlry  and  cavalry,  were  now  uji,  and  ihe  whole  line 
a^ain  ad\aiicinir. 

Tile  lir-l  reinrorcenieiils  t<ink  )io-l  on  ihe  li  I'l,  which 
siretchcd  lliiir  line  away  liey;ind  Howard's  riijhl,  and 
thrcaleiied  a  Hank  atlack.  l''or  a  lew  minutes,  ihe  iieril 
was  iinii)ineiil  ;  liiit  .Morgan  provided  for  the  emerpiicy. 
Wa>hin.irton's  ca\alry,  I'elnrniim-  from  the  |iiii\-iiii  of  llie 
llsiiiu'  r>rilisli  draiiomis.  were  onlered  iiy  Mor.e-an  lochariro 
ihe  l')rili»li  voscrve  cavalry  hel'ore  they  could  ellei't  llnir 
|iurpii-e  on  Howard's  ri.i^ht.  He  himself  gallnjiod  lo  ihe 
rear  to  hasten  ii|)  the  militia  to  the  ri'sciit'. 

.lust  now  occurred  what  seemed  to  threaten  a  calamity, 
liiit  the  military  instinct  of  hoili  *.Mnr;.ran  and  Howard 
joined  to  turn  il  into  splendid  victory.  I'niil  the  cavalry 
and  militia  could  reach  him,  a  chan,:^*'  nf  fioni  su,ir,iresteil 
itself  lo  Howard  as  the  hot  means  for  a  li  mjiorary  clu'ck 
upon  the  ra|iiilly  julvaiiciiii,'  foe.  He  ordered  Ihe  Hank 
coiuiiauy  to  pi'rform  the  cvoluiion  which  would  hrini;'  it. 
at  a  ri,uht  anule  willi  Ihe  main  hody.  Tlu'  order  was  mis- 
understood,  and  instead,  after  coming'  to  Ihe  riirhl  alioul. 
they  marched  In  the  rear,  and  Ihe  whole  liody  faced  ahoul 
and  moved  after  them.  This  was  agreeahle  to  ^[ovii'an's 
order  in  ease  they  were  compelled  to  retire.  Hut  he  now 
saw  the  movement  with  a  momentary  eonsleruatiou  : 
f:alloiiiiii;- up  lo  Howard,  they  came  loan  under,-t,;i:din  ■• 
11 


'•■I  V 


AT  Tin:  rowi'I'NS. 


1 


ami  (Irciilcil  ii.it  til  rc(iir\  llii' mi-lake.  Iii-lcail.  .Mni'^Mii 
I'liilf  liack  I'l  li\  n|Miii  ilir  -iiMt  I'ur  tliilii  lo  n-t'nnii  ; — llii> 
imi\(  iiinil  al-M  Ipioimlii   iln-m  alireii.-t  willi   llic  advaiiciiiy 

militia. 

Till'  militia  liatl  -riil  a  Lr:iiliii.>;- iiiv  into  the  l>rili-li  I't- 
."^cTM' iimlir  MrArtliiir.  iii'l  niilv  i'niciiiL;'  ii  i"  fni'i'i:'*  ii-< 
atti'm|il  ii|i"ii  till'  I'l'l.  lull  to  rctiiv  |.i  Mime  di-iiinn'. 
Wasliiiijjiiiii.  ill  till'  .siiiH'  limr.  matlc  a  I'minu-  mi -it  ii|inii 
tlic  cavalry,  jii.«l  iif!  liu'V  ucrc  atimil  !'•  duir.uv  t!i»'  Aimri- 
caii  llaiiU.  \n-iikv  tlin»ii<:h  lluir  (mIiiihii.  uiirclfd,  ami 
(•liari!;i'(l  tm  liiciii  a  sccnml  lina'.  uiili  crii.-hinjj:  fiV.'cl. 
Tliry  ipit  ou\\  llid.  Iiiit  (li-pir-tMl.  ami  Innli  no  i'lirilicr 
part  ill  tlir  liaiilr. 

'I'iic  l>i'iti.sli  had  liivii  thus  twice  mi-led.  cniistriiin;:  the 
change  i>r  iinsitiuii  (if  jlnward's  line  into  ivlivat  ami  de- 
feat. Wa^liiii.L'lon.  ill  their  rear,  H'ein,^  thelirokeii  i.^/in/ 
of  tile  I'.riti-h  line,  lia-teiied  aswil't  mes-ane  to  .Mur^can  : 
"Tliev  are  coiiiinu'  on  like  a  niol.  ;  i^ive  them  a  iiiv  and  1 
will  cliartre  tliem." 

llowar.rs  main  line  had  hy  this  time  di-ceiided  the 
.vlojie  of  the  iirsi  cmiiu'ncc  and  naehid  the  ri-e  of  i  he 
Krond  eminence  in  |Krfccl  order,  when  the  word  •■halt" 
uasjriven.  'I'lien  Morpm's  clarion  voice  rang  alon^^  the 
line:  "  I'aeoaliout,  oiu*  gooil  lire  and  the  victory  is  ours.  ' 

It  was  done  i)ravely  and  well ;  the  oii-coniin-- I'oe  re- 
coiled l.efore  the  deadly  tire.  and.  ere  they  recovered  the 
> hock.  Howard  thundered,  "  (har-e."  in  a  moment  the 
American  luiyoncts  wi'i-e  at  their  hreasis;  W  ashingtou  s 
cavalry  wc-ro  at  their  hacks  ;  the  whole  body  of  niiliiia  on 
their  "left  ;— the  hattlc  was  virtually  lione.  The  se\eiith 
rcirinicnt  threw  down  thi'ir  arms;  the  legion  ami  ligiit- 
infaiilry  attcmiited  to  lly.  hut  th'  cavalry  hemmed  them 
in.  and  litde  them  down. 

At  the  iwl  (d'  our  army  lay.  siiiPiuianl-  for  mercy,  those 
who  had  showed  lu.ne  when  ours  had  a-ki'd  it  from 
tlu'in.     "Tarlcton's  ([uartcrs"' ran  along  the   line,  and  it 


1 


n-t'nnii  : — (lii- 
till'  aihiiiirin;;- 

llic  r.iiii-li  rt- 

1    III   riii'i'i:'o  '\\< 
.vdiiic  (li-l ;iiiii'. 

idll-:   oII.tI     II|MI|I 

ip'  till-  Aiiirn- 

wlu'clfil,    iiiid 

iTii.-hiiiLr  fll'i'it. 

piiU   no  riii'iluT 

,  enlist riiinj.'  tlh' 
retreat   aiul  il"- 

K'  IjroKcll    I  sjH'il 

i;;v  tti  .Mur;,Mn  : 
u'lii  ,1  iiiv  and  I 

dc-cindcd  till' 
ilii'  ri>c  (if  llu' 
he  wnrd  •■  lialt" 
rauLT  aloii^'  tlio 
it'tnn  is  ours." 
-coniini:'  I'oc  I'l'- 
.'V  I'l'coM'ivd  till' 
1  11  nioiiii'iil  tlio 
<  ;  Washin.i^'ton's 
(Iv  of  niiliiia  oil 
.."  'I'lic  x'scntli 
'irloii  ami  H.^lit- 
V  lu'inincd  tiiciii 

for  iiurcv.  tlioso 
aski'd  il  from 
till.'   lino,  and  it 


AT  Tin:   (  (tUI'I.NS. 


rt'iiiiii'i'd   all   tlie   inllniiici'  of  Mmtraii.   llouard,  and   tlic 
olliri  i>.  III  |irc\(iii  wlioli  .-air  .-laiiulilrr. 

'i'hrir  |inci|(ita'c  advaiuv  li  id  left  their  ai'l  illir\  in  llieir 
rear;  I'oreed  h\  lioward's  charge  to  recoil,  their  art  illcrv  was 
now  a^raiii  in  fi'oiit.and  both  |iie<'es  were  (juickly  captiiivd. 

The  sirii,ir;.de  was  still  coiiliniied  liy  llu'  militia  and 
.MeArlliiir's  l.a'talion  on  the  riuhi.  I'"iercelv  a'>ailed.  on 
fi-onl  ami  llaiiK.  hy  I'iekeiis.  they  fell  haek.  thinking'  to 
ell'eil  a  safe  re,  reat,  when  llowanl  wheeled  U|ioii  iheiu 
'^illi  til''  fi.Liiit  winu'  (tf  the  Aiiierieaii  line.  They  uero 
tli,"o\vn  iitlerlv  into  eonruHon— the  mililia  rii-lud  n|i(iii 
llKni.ami  a  haml-to-hai:d  li;.dil  ensued.  The  (ieor-ians 
took  MeAiihiir  |aM<oiier;  hrokeii  and  dis|iirit(.'d.  lieserted 
hy  their  friends  and  .-iirroiinded  hy  their  enemies,  Ihev 
gntiindeil  their  urnis  at  the  snninions  of  Howard.  Col- 
on,! I'lvkons  roceived  their  eommandi'r',-  sword,  ami  tho 
militia  to(»iv  cliarue  of  the  prisoners. 

'larleton  in  \ain  endeavored  to  rally  his  lee;ion  eavali'v, 
to  advaiiee  and  eover  .Mi'Artliiir's  retreat.  Failing-  in  this, 
he  hiniM'lf  rotie  forward  at  the  head  of  his  detaehment 
of  the  seventeen! h  dra^^'oons,  aeeomitanied  hy  I'ourti'eii 
ollii'ers  (d'  the  li'.iiion  eav^hy,  with  the  lio])e  of  iieariiii:  olf 
the  artillery.  Ap|proaehiiii,'  near  enou<rh  to  discover  that 
the  artillery,  as  well  as  the  day,  was  lost,  he  wheeled  to 
retire.  Colonel  Washiiiijton,  st'eiiij;  the  party,  ri.<,ditly  con- 
jeetiired  that  Tarleton  was  with  (his  hody.  and,  l-a'sw  to 
crown  the  day  hy  his  capture,  imrsiied  aiul  eliarj;ed  them. 

In  his  ea^arness,  Washington  and  a  handful  of  men 
rode  much  ahead  of  his  party,  and  'I'arleloii  turned  iijiou 
them,  ^othiiit,'  daunted.  Washiimtoii  crossed  swords 
with  Tarletoii's  aid,  and  exiterieiiced  the  superioritv  of 
his  British  steel,  for  his  own  hroke  near  the  hilt.  The 
ollieer  ro.-e  in  his  stirrups  to  <five  viuor  to  the  iilow 
that  should  dispatch  our  ;rallant  kni.<;ht.  Coldiiel  \\i\A\- 
in.U-ton,  when  his  pa-v  ('(dliii.  a  lad  who  attended  upon 
ami   dearly    luved  \Va>liini;ton,  rode  up,  and   discharLiing- 


I 


mi 


AT  Tin:  roWI'CNS. 


liis  |ii-t(tl  iiit'i  llii'  uHiiTr's  .-IkuiIiIi  r.  Ilic  ii|ilit'li'i|  swiird 
I'l'll  I'riiiii  Ills  ;,'r;i~|i,  Aiiuilici'  (■lli(  I  r.  iiiiil  'rarlrinn  liim- 
tlilr.  Ilillinl  11  .-Willi!  llinisl  111  \Vil,«llillJ.M<>ll.  imu  ili  rriinlr.--, 
hut  lilt' misti'ii  fliariiils  mill  liur-ciiirii  ui'ic  iniind  iilmui 
ami  rvrry  hlnw  was  pairiril.  'I'l:!'  wlmle  iK'lailiiiiriit  ii.iu 
(•iMiiiiii;  up.  ami  'rarlt'tiiii  rraliziiiLr  lii>  tlaiiLrii-,  ihiaiii|M  il 
111  I'lill  .'"iHi'il.  sciiilin:;  a  iiarliau' .-Iml  iil  Wa-hiii^tnii.  wIhim' 
Imrse  rt'Cfivcd  llic  liall.  Mnruaii  (li>|Mt(li(il  iii-i  cavalry 
mill  llii'  iiiiuiiiU'd  iiilliiia  In  |Mir.-iu'  llic  ilyinu'  I'lir  and 
jrallior  ii|t  iIr:  slia;/j.d('rs.  riifni'limati'ly,  llicy  timk  lln' 
wrung  mad  at,  llic  oiilstt.  Tlii' linu'  lliiis  lostcoidd  imt 
1)C!  rc'CHtvcri'il.  fur  'raiKlnn  made  spcrd. 

'riic  pursuit  w.is  (•iiiiiiiiucil  for  mnvr  than  twenty  milc-i, 
mid  tliiuiirh  lialllrd  ill  ils  main  nlijtcl.  Wasliingiiin  in  rr- 
tuniiiiLC  swipl  llii'  ciiunli'y  mi  cadi  side  (if  lii<  riiiitc.  ciip- 
tiircd  and  lu'oiiLrlit  in  a  liumlrcd  addilinnal  pri-uinTs. 

'I'lie  American  loss  was  incredildy -mail — a  matliT  ol" 
twelve  killed  and  si\iy-one  woumled:  m>  olliccr  ot'  rank 
mn<)n,£j  eitlier.  The  loss  was  el.ielly  .siislaiiied  hy  the  Cnii- 
tinental  iruops,  ]iai'ticiilai'ly  liy  the  Hank  companies  oi' 
(he  ri-hl. 

The  Hi'iti>li  killed  and  wounded  amoimled  to  two 
liiimlred  and  tliiriy.  anionu' wlmni  liuof  ihe  killed  were 
otlicei'S.  and  anioiiir  the  prisoners.  twenty-.M'\en  were 
oiVieors ;  while  the  whole  nunilier  ol'  pri>oiiers  leaehed 
fully  six  liundred.  Of  the  liiiality  of  the  iroops— they 
were  ('uriiwallis"  iiest. 

It  was  all  over  in  less  than  an  hour.* 

Wo  have  no  idea  that  Morjj:an  fashioiiocl  hinisolf  after 
Shakespeare's  royal  hero.  Douhtless.  he  iie\er  lusird 
of  him.  The  parallel  would  startle  us,  did  we  not  know 
that  heroes  think  and  s[ieak  and  act  alike  the  world 
oNi'r. 

Induli^e  us,  iX'adei'.     Ta  the  herald  of  ihe  i''iviieh   Ivnir 

■*  For  lli'iH  iici'Dunt  oC  tlii' Inittie  of  <'o\V|iciis  wc  ate  iiidi'litcii  siili- 
stiilltiiiliv  to  "  (ir'i/rim'n  Ufi'  of  Mn-ijiin." 


Il|lliriri|  SWnl'il 
.  'I'lirli'Inli  liilU- 
tliiW  ill  I'lIK  ill'.--, 

re    riiiiiid    iilioiir 
IrlUrllllM'Ill     ll.iw 

iiLrti".  iliiiiiii|M  (1 

l-llill^l(i!l,  W  IliiM' 

•lull  his  iiiviilry 

llyiiiU'  I'lM'  iiinl 
,  llirv   lii'ik    llii' 

!5    l0>t    CDllIll     IihL 

111  twenty  mile^, 
isliiii^'loii  ill  rc- 
\\\<  niiiti,'.  ciip- 
il  |ii'i>uiirrs. 
ill — :i  iiialhT  of 
i>  iillircr  lit'  r:inl\ 
iR'ii  by  the  Coii- 
1<  ciiiiiiiiiiiii'.s  of 

Mlilllril     to     two 

lllr    killnl  \W\V, 

i'llt\-.M'\r|l     Ui'l'i! 

riMPiii'i's   rcaclii'il 
111'  troops — tliry 


ivl  hiiiisolf  after 

\i'  IH'MT  lu'iinl 
ill  \vr  not  know 
tiliko   I  he    world 

lu'  l''rrlicll  K'il.lT 
1'  air  ilidi'litiMJ   sub- 


AT    illi;   (UWI'IAS. 


^'1.1 


si'iil  lo  II,  iirv  \'.,  iiiilici|riliii-  til.,  il,;-,  ;ii  ,,r  ihr  iattiT  ami 
tii'iiiainliiiL'  to  know  ill  advaiuv  what  raiiMnn  h,.  uHj  ^rj-o, 
ro\al  ill  my  aii.>wrr-  ; 

■■  'i'lirn  ill.  !■  liui'lt, 
Ami  II  II  tliv  kill;,',  I  ill'  iiiit  silk  liliii  riiiw, 
Hut  niiilil  lie  willini.'  to  iimirli  ..ii  tn  CiiliiiH, 

WilllMlll    J||||I|'|1I'||MJ|   |,t, 

<iii  Mil  lliy  iiiii-iti  !■  «i'll  iiilvl.-r  hiiiisill': 

If  wii  limy  piisH,  «..  will ,  if  w,-  \,r  liimli.rr.I, 

\Vr  shiill,  vmii-  t;iwtiy  ltihiihI,  wilh  vdiir  ii'ii  IiIimhI 

I>ist'  ilor. 

Till'  Mini  (if  all  our  answer  is  Imi  this, — 

^V|.  wi.iiM  imt  sivk  a  liiutli'  as  wi'  ari' ; 

Niir  as  wi'  lu'i',  xw  say,  wi-  will  nut  slmii  it  ; 

.So  ti'll  your  iiii.iji'i'." 

'ii  111''  I'lionis  III  Acl  llh.  tho  iiio-lii  infur..  ih,.  I,;uili', 
lli'iii'_\  sic'iiils  111,,  luiiirs  anion;;  lii.s  iroojis,  sliiliny-  licaris 
iiml  nerves  for  the  iiion-ow. 

"  V'lr  fortli  lie  !.ni,.s  jiinl  visiis  all  liis  liost  ; 
Hills  tlii'Mi  yood  morrow,  with  a  iiinlcsl  siiii'i-, 
Ami  falls  (liiMii— lirotlifi's.  i'lii'inls.  ami  comitryinrii. 
rjioii  his  royal  fare  iliin>  is  no  iioii', 
How  (Iroml  an  army  liaili  siinoumliil  him  ; 
Nor 'loth  111' ilcilirate  oiir  joi  ot'colnr 
I'lito  llio  wi'iiry  ami  all  walrliiii  iiif^lit  ; 
Mm  ficslily  looks,  mill  ovcrliears  atiiiinr, 
W  illi  clii'i'i'tul  si'iiiltlanri'  ami  swrit  iiiajrstv; 
That  every  wri'tch,  piniiiL:  ami  pale  Iii't'orc; 
Bi'holilini;  liini.  plucks  cimroit  rnmi  liis  looks. 
A  larf.':i's.s  univi'i-sal,  liki'  llio  sun, 
His  liliiTal  eye  ilotti  fjfivc  to  oviry  oni-, 
'I'hawin^' colli  fear.     Then  iii.'iin,  am!  (jvutle,  nil 
lieliohl!  as  iiiny  iinworthim'ss  ililiiii'-- 
A  tilth'  (oiifh  I'f  llirnj  U):fiiii  'i  ///  Hw  nvjht. 

Full   siii'ely   there  niust   li;r.-   Iieeii   tliose   in   INforirair.s 
cai.ii,  will)  nnieniherint,'  the  hrave  men  lonerinff  idlv  at 


^m 


A  I    I  III:  "n^N  I'KN.H. 


I  III'  •■  «';mij>n|'  l.'i  |in-i'  ■*  ill  I  lie  CIhimw  Mills  umv  ill  Iciiiiin' 

to  unr,!-  ilkill   In  llln-c  nl    \\(  >t  llinichllli  I  :    -  < »  tllMl    \\v  \\<>v; 
1,11,1   iirlT  l>lll    <.|l,.    h'il    ihnll-alMl   hI'    llin-c    111(11     ill    I'illLrllin'l 

ill, it  ili>  Mil  vvnrU  to-iliiy." 

Aiiil  US   .Mill';.'!! MS  anion;.'  hi-   iiu'ii,  ilrawii   ii|i    ii 

lilllllc  lilK',  Sl'llili;,'  llcl'illV   lill'lll    (llr    is,.UcS  nl'  I  hilt    ilaV.   UIihI 

III.'    M-juiT    that    awaiti'il    lln'iii.    wv    hear    Kinj;    Ih'iii'}"^ 
C'ris|iii(ii  .-iittch; 

"  VVIlill's  111'  lluit    Wihln  S  NIP? 

My  I'lii.-iii  Woliiinivliiinr.'     Nil,  my  liiir  I'oiisin  : 
ll'  we  me  iiiiiiiii'cl  til  ilic,  \vi'  nil'  i'liini;;li 
'I'll  ijii  nur  ciiiiiitrv  loss  ;  iiml  ii'  t"  livi-, 
Till-  I'i'wcr  iiH'ii,  till-  frniitiT  wliiiir  of  Imiiipr. 
(iiiirn  will!  1  (iniy  llici'.  wiwli  iint  uw  umii  miiri-. 


'riiis  (lay  is  riilliil  till' trust  lift 'risiiiiiii 

III',  il'iit  iiiillivis  iliisiliiy  mill  t'iiiiii-<  siil'i'  lionu', 

Will  ^tiiml  11  tiptiii'  wlirii  this  liny  Ih  iiiiiiiiil, 

Ami  I'oiisc  liiin  ut  tin-  imiiu'  of  ('ri«|)iiiii. 

llr  tliiit  -liiill  livi-  tliistlny,  iiiiil  si'i'  old  airi- 

\\  ill  yiiiily  im  ilif  vii;il,  I'liist  liis  Iricmls, 

Ami  siiy,  tii-iinTMw  is  St.  ('ri.-|iiini. 

'I'lii'ii  will  111'  hti-ii)  his  sli'i'vrs  iiiiil  hIiow  liis  KciirH, 

Ami  say,  llicse  wniiiiils  I  liiul  mi  ('risiiiii'.--  day. 

Olil  iiu'ii  lin'tii't ;  yrt  all  shall  lii'  I'lirtfof, 

I'lUt  lii''ll  rriiiciiilii'i'  with  iiilvatitiiei'H, 

What  I'lits  111'  iliil  Ih'it  ihiy.     'rinn  shall  mir  nnliics 

F.iniiliar  in  tlii'ir  niiiiilhsas  hinisi'liiilil  wmils, 

lliiriy  thf  Kiiiir.  liiill'niil  ami  l''.\i't('r, 

Wai-wick  ami  Tallmt,  Salishury  ami  (ilnsti'i-, 

111'  ill  their  llitwiii^  oiiiis  tVfshly  niiii'iiihiTcd  ; 

His  story  shall  tlii'  i;iMid  iiiaii  trarh  his  sou 

Ami  «'ris|)iii  Ciisiiian  shall  iie'ir  iro  liy 

From  this  day  ♦■•  the  cmlinir  "I  ihc  wnrld 

Hut  W"  in  it  shall  hi'  ntiieiiiliiTrd. 

\\i'  lew,  \M)  1iaiii)y  fi'W.  \vc  hand  of  liinlhiTs, 

For  h"  lii.iiiiy  that  shi'ds  his  lilooil  with  me 

Shall  III'  my  ln'otlnr ;  hi'  ho  iio'ir  so  vih', 

This  (lay,  shall  jfi'i^l*-' '''«  cniiditioii. 


fl 


,  l.'!l\r  lllli'iailfi' 
•  (»  tliiil  We  nn,v 
II  n   in  I'iiiL'liinil 

I,  iliMwii   n|>   ill 

i|'  lll;ll    ilil\.  iUml 


S  WD? 

I'oiiHin : 


u  iiiiirt'. 


lionic, 

lU'll, 


liis  HciirH, 
^  ilav. 


imr  iiniucs 


■itn-, 
■nd  ; 
lilt 


icrs 
nil' 


1 


NT  Tin:   n»\\  IMINM. 


.11" 
>  1 1 


Ami,  iri'iili'iiii'ii  ill  Kimliiiiil  now  iilii'il, 
Sliiill  iliiiik  iIm  iiimInc^  iir.'iirhcil,  iIh'V  wen'  nut  tirTf, 
Ami  liiilil  ilii'n  iiitinliiiniU  ('licii|i.  w  liih'  iinv  »|H'iikH, 
'I'liai  loimiii  Willi  II-.,  ii|<oii  Si,  I'lUpiiiV  iliiv," 

Tllr   Imltlr  Wnll,    Wf   iinir  til,'   IdSllI   llrrii: 

"  A'   //.    N'ci'v    li'liilil  ;  Mil'  ihr  (li  ;hI  milllliriiir.' 
J/ini/il.   Here  Is  the  iiuiiilur  ol' tin- hliiiifflitiivd  I'r.ncli. 
A'.  //.  TIiIh  iioI'mIi.Ii  tell  iiir  lit' It'll  ilioiisaml  Kniirli 
'I'liut  ill  till'  tii'lil  III-  nIiiiii. 

Ill   lIll'Ci'  ll  II  tllilllMlllll  tlli'V  lliUc'  liF'^l, 
'I'lliTi' iiri'  Imt  r<jMc'i||  luillilriil  lin  irrlinriiH; 

Till'  hst  arc— priiHTiH,  Imroiis,  Innli-,  kiiiuliN,  Hiniiri'M 
Aiiil  i.'i'iitl(iii('n  of  liliiiiil  ami  (|imliiv. 
Ill  Ti'  WHS  n  royiil  fcllowslilii  "t<li'iiili ! 
Wlii'iT  \<  till'  iiiiiiilicr  III' iJiir  Fhjjlisli  ilrnd? 

[Ill  I'.'llil  pIT-illli  llllull.iT  pUlMT.] 

!Mwanl  ilic'  ilukr  <if  VniU.  th,.  ,:,\\  nC  Siilllilk, 
Sir  liic'liiird  Ki'ily.  Dnvv  (iiiiii,  ('S()ii;iv  ; 
Nunc  (It  .ilriiiiiic,— Mild  III' nil  iiilur  iiicii, 
Jt'if  Jl-i    ilKil  tiriiiti/." 

Kiiijf  liciirv  loi.  ^ivrs  lliiiiiKs  ri^r||(  liu  j-iiiinly  : 

"  ()  ( 1(1(1,  tlu'  nvni  wiiH  licrc, 
And  lint  t(i  us,  lint  ti)  lliy  anil  iiloiic, 
A-iciilic  wi' all  ;    W'ltiii.'  irithi'Ht  xlviiiiiijim. 
It'll  ill  jifiii/i  fhiirl,-.  mill  ( ri  II  /ilni/  nflnitf/r, 
Will  I  ri  r  />'ii'iini,  M,  r/rml  iiKil  n'l/'i  /ii.\ii 
On  mil  flint  unit  nii  tin'  otiii  f :'    'lake  i|  (ind 
Fur  it  Ih  only  iliiiic!" 

Ami  Iktc  is  oiir  iii(Ml(-:t  licrrrs  Icttor  to  liis  onninininlvr 
GeiKTal  (irunic.  in  wliicli  he  |iriiisose\i'rvli(ii|_v  lint  liiiii-cir. 

'•rAMi-  NKAT!  Cain  l'i!r.r;K,  JaniiaiT  1!),  ITsl. 

''Dear  Sir:—'y\w  ti ps  1  Imvc  the  liunnp  to  cninirimd, 

Imvo  oriii,,,,,!  .,  n-ivat  vichiry  over   ;i  (Icliiclur.ciit    I'ivmi  tlio 
rn-itish  iiMiiy,  ((iiniiiandcd  hy  Lii'iilciuuit-C'oluucl  Tiirk'lon. 


INS 


AT  Tin:  io\vi'i:ns. 


'I'Im*  iH'tiiiM  )iii|i|>('iii'i|  on  ilic   Dill  in^iiaiil.  aliiiiit  >iiiii'iM>, 

II'  ii  |il;u't' ciiIIimI  ('ii\\|m;h.  iinir  I'lii'dlii  liver.      «       *       « 

•■Siicli  Will    (he    iiit'ii'idi'iiy   ol'  d't   iiii!iiIii|n   |l|i,t   niir 

>l||i'ri>n,t   IIIIlM    lie   ;illl'illlllri|    III   ihr   jll-liri'   III'    iilir  l'j|l|>r  mill 

Jlu- ;.''ii!liiiilr_v  III'  mir  iriii»|i..  Ms  wislics  u.uilil  ihiiiirr  mi' 
til  iiaiiii'  cvcrv  M'liiiiiil  in  tin-  r(ir|is.  In  jii.-liir  in  ilii> 
l>r.i\(  r\  iiml  ;,'iiui|  niinliict  n(  liu'  (illinr-.  I  luur  lakfii  ilic 
liiii  i'ly  l(»  ciiflii-i'  ynii  a  lisl  nf  lliiir  niiiiii-',  I'rnni  ii  cni'sii'. 
finii  thai  \nii  will  lie  |i|iasiil  III  intriHliici'  -mh  cliuracttis 
til  I  III'  Wdiiil. 

"  I    :llll.   drill'  Ml'. 

"  Vnlll'  olinliillt   x'l'Villlt. 

••  l).VMI.l.   MnltfiAN. 
••'I'..  (Irncral  CiM.KNi:." 


I.  atioiit  MiiniM', 

\t'\:     *       *       « 

imlii'lN  |l|;it  nlir 
i|'  "III'  I'llilSr  IIImI 
Hlllil  itiiilKr  nil* 
I  jll-li.i'  111  ||||> 
I    llil\('  lilkt'll    Ihi' 

,  rriitii  II  c'li'N ii'. 
-in  h  cliniMrliiN 


■Mint. 


XW'I.     I7M. 

MoiKJANs  im:ti{i:.\t. 

I"*  1 1 1 .  lir-i  iii'W-  III'  (hi-  (  Tii.-liih;:  ill  rr;il  iTinlml  Cniii- 
\\:llli-'  rillll|i    1p\    llir    ll\  111;.' cjlMllr^  .  i  ill    llir    cVcllill;,' 

•  '1'  iIh'  lilli  •liiiiiiiirv.  A 'iiiiii-liiiniil  iiinl  innrliliriiliun 
I'luially  ihist-sciI  him.  He  hjul  nni  iiiniiiiiiii'il  ti  iiim- 
iiiriir."' iiii\i<'i\  I'lir  iIk' ri'-iili  nl'  i  In' I'liiuiiMtcr.  ,«ii  cMraMi- 
fjaiii  was  lii^  csliiiiaii'  nl'  'I'ai'irinu's  aliilil  \.  uiili  hi-  pii  kid 

I'lillimailil,  In  cnllllili  Icly  cni-li   .Mtili.MII, 

'rarli'liiii  critii  i-i's  <  oriiwallis  very  i'l'i'dy  in  his  ••('aiii- 
li;ii;:ii,"  I'm'  lailiii-  tu  i  n-ii|MTaii'  uilli  hiiii  uccnnlinu'  t<» 
lirf-ari'iiii;rriiiciit.  aiiil  says,  ••  it  uiiiiji!  Iia\r  prcvriilrd  ilic 
IllisfiiltUllf.  ur.  al  |ri|s|,  >()ri('iiri|  iis  nsiills,"  ||c  hit  ihc 
luiiiiiliaiiiiii  ami  ilisi.rrair  kti'iih.  and  |iri>iii|.liy  rii|iu>i(d 
('iii'iiwaliis  ciilu'r  (ii  ;iiii|i(uiic('  his  a|i|irii1ialiiin  nl'  liiscun- 
diict.  Ill-  Id  j;raiil  him  |,a\r  In  I'l'iirc  until  tlu'  alVaircduld 
III'  invest  i;;at('d. 

Ill  ri'piy.  ('oniwaliis  uriiis  to  him  :  ••  Yon  have  forr'ited 
111)  part  ol'  my  •'■^toi'iii.  as  an  (lilicrr,  hy  tlu'  iinroriiinati' 
alTair  ol"  ihc  ITth.  'I'lir  iiirans  ymi  usi  d  to  lirini;  tlio 
tiiiiiiy  In  artJDii  uiTi'  aMi'  and  niasti-i'ly.  and  nnist  cvtTdi) 
ymi  liiiiior.  VnnrdispoMiidii.s  wcfi' nncxcrplioiiahli'.  'I'ho 
filial  niislicha\iiii'  of  (tur  Iniops.  could  alonr  ha\('  dcprivrd 
Noll  of  ilio  ulory  which  was  so  jn-ily  yuiir  ihic" 

Auaiii.  in  his  dcspatclics.  Connvallis  writis:  "  Tli.-siipo- 
riorily  of  iiinulu  rs.  (|nalily  of  IlLrlitiiiLC  material,  artillery 
and  cavalry,  with  advanlap' nf  puMi  inn.  Id'l  'I'arlcioii  no 
I'nnm  to  diinhl  of  the  nm  t  Itnliiaiit  sncic-s,'"  '1',,  |,,,rd 
(icrniain  :    "'i'lie    (inrnrtniiale   alValr  of    the   l^ili   wa.s   a 


im 


Mnii.iAs  H  ih:ti!«:at. 


»('r,V  H'Vi'I'i'  tiiiil  liii('V|k  rft"i|  IiImw,  for  li. -ill.  '.  |iui.ii  ion, 
Olir  \>**4  iliii  iml  I'lilt  nliorl  i»f  '\\  liiiinlivit  lih  ii,"  'i'l* 
Sir  Ih  HIS  Miiiit'ii  ;  "li  i«  iiii|t(i>',(i!f  Id  rurt-if  nil  ilic 
iMHi--.  t|iiciMr-  lliiil  \Uli  um'\|Hiiiil  iilnl  ij/n!iififuiHi'tfi\iUi 

iii.i>  |iiii.liiiv',  hut  \(Mir  K,\it'l!i'tM'y  tint)'  Ih«  ii*i*tuvil  itmi 
imtliiu:.'  Iutt  ih''  iiM>  I  iili*>i|utt'  iH'Ci'f-ilx  (.Jnifl  iiiiluiv  imi> 
|t»  ;.'iu'  ii|»  Um'  iiii|Mirliiiif  ulijtcj  tif  llif«iiiti'cV  ('iiiii|Kilv'li.'' 
'riirU'inii  iii;i_v« :  "A  ilic  iUr«'iit  u\'  l'\'rj.'ii-<ii,  iii  l\nv/n 
Moiiiilaiii,  iiiii<li'  lltr  lir<l   iii\ii!>i(tii  uf  Noidi  Cai'iniiiii  im* 

{HlM^ilitc.  XI  IIh'  lilllllr  III'  ( 'ii\V|l('tl'<  \Mitlli|  IH'iililllilV  maktt 
till'  v''i'i»iii|  ilisinli'iilis" 

('i»W|u'ii-i  (iciiiiiii-iriiit'^  all  till' (|iialili(  •■  of  lldil  ir*  iii-ral- 
(-liip,  liiit  ulial  ^ii.ill  III- siiil  (if  till'  ri-ln.'ii  uliirli  Mui'.'aii 
cttiiiiiiiud  I'liiiii  ilii'  til  III  til  <itiitl'i>i.l  (■.iini.lliiii-r)' — 11 
«li"*liuici'  of  iiinr.'  I  lam  one  liimilnil  ami  liliv  iiiiici*— .«tiiL'- 
P'rini;  lii'iiralli  lliu  <V('i;,'lit  of  liin  .«|ioil> :  .>|\  IhiihIimI 
]iri.-niit'i's.  iiililUrv.  ^talllla^ll^,  i  i;;lit  liiiinlnil  iiiii«ki'I«.  a 
traM'iiii;,'  for;:!'.  wa^'niH,  rl".  Km*  ilif  ariilliTv.  Mni'jaii 
hail  caiiHii'i'ii  till  III  riiMii  till'  liriii.«li  at  Sanitoj.'a  in  I".  Ti' ; 
till'  hrili^i  hail  rrlaki'ii  lluiii  iVum  (iati'.-ial  <'aiii'i<ii.  iiml 
iMnr;,'aii  Ian!  n^^^iii  iM|iliirii|  iIh'iii  at  ('()W|tfii.-.  WluL 
M('iii('»<i'«  \vat('hi'«l  hrh'? 

Till' hall  ii' liver.  "  far  rrmii  lnii;;;  iiiloNicalfil  U'tli  hi-i 
uriurv,  Miir'^Mii  ihniiu'hl  only  ol'  lli(>  iiiiiiiiiiiiil  iinils  lliat 
Vrt  iiii'iiaii'il  him,"  ||  Has  .«*till  within  lln  |M.\\cr  nf  \u^ 
j'lU'iiiy  lo  |iliiiK  IViiMi  him  all  the  t'riiils  of  hi-  \ir|iiiv, 
lli>.shiM\i  \\"\\  a  mau'^niliiciil  |ini-('  nf  rniini'.!'  ami  .jihIl,'* 
lin'nt.     Instant  rctnal  was  im'nraiiM\ 

Mc'foro  f-im  I't.  Cnniwallis  wmilil  laar  nf  lln-  (l('>triirliiin 
(if  'rarliluii's  ai'iiiv.  (.i-^lii- \va>;  Minmciiiaril  \|m'cIih|  in 
his  cami).  'I'h"  Hriiisli  nriny  had  Ihtii  fm-  day-  niuliT 
iiiart'hiii'^  nrili'iV'.  Stuii;i  hy  a  «'1im'  nf  ht^-i  ami  humilia- 
iinii,  till-  Hiitisli  ciintmamli'r  wonlil  siinly  |iiil  i'drlli  ii 
.-tMpomlDUs  cM'Drt  III  |iinsiic  and  ovi'i-la'  i'  him.  I'tiovcr  his 
ta|ilnr(d  liuhl  iniaiiin.  and  piini.-li  .Mi>iL''an'.s  liiii  rily. 

Till'   \  ictufiniH  'iiiH'ia!   hui-^f    ^f■^(l|•^  hnw  f.>  rh-.f  :  \\i-> 


Hi»KttAii'f*  bi.'rKK.vr. 


m 


iil>       <>  |Hll.llii»ll, 

(ivil  null."    'lit 
I   ful'txif  nil   till' 

\m  »i»»it  It'll  I  lint 

liiiH  imluiv  i)ii> 

ll'CV  ('lllli|Kilv'll,'' 

il-oll,  III     Kili;.''^ 

ill  ('iil'inillil  illl* 

|irtiliiil>lv  iiiaku 

if    llcM  Ifi  IKTlll- 

wliiiji  Mii|.^'iiu 
•  iiiri-IIuici'y — K 
U\  iiiilcj* — .«tai'- 
:  -i\  liiiiiilrdi 
In  'I  iiiii<k<'l-i,  ,1 
rliiicry.  Mmm^mu 
rat();.'ii  in  I'. ; ',' ; 
il  <'aiii<l(ii,  iiml 
nupi'iis     What 

illllt'il  W'tll  lli-i 
llrllt  |M'|ils  lllill 
1(  |"i\Hl'  nf  lii-l 
'  nf    lli«    \  irjiiiy. 

rai.,v  iiiiil  Jihlu- 

lllc   ll('«tl'llctic)|l 

•lis  \ii('cli'i|  ill 
fnr  (|;iy.i  under 
IS  ami  iinniiiiii- 
•ly  |in(  fiH'lli  il 
liiii.  riciivcr  Ills 
li's  Iriir  lily. 
i\v  (.>  >•*!»(■  ,•  Iii-> 


lillt'W    out    iIk'     I'll    1    lllill     III'    itlU  Itti   ll    tiM'^MM    lllf    Itl'iKtit 

Uln'f  Mii»l  Ii"M  till'  i'«»»uiir,v  iimhIi  of  M.  Ih*  luprinl  uu 
|i>llpM' Ihiiti  I'l  iiiTiili'.'i'  ^"1*  iIm'  liiiiyili;,:  i»f  llii'  th  i.il  iiinl 
ill)'  r  tl'r  irf  llli'  Hi>lltl<l<>l  of  IimII)  al'Mlii^.  Al'dl''  IIU>I 
lrM|iliir-i   tilli'il    lllf    Wii;<i.|l.*,   pl'ini.nrix   W»M1'  r«i|ti'i|fi|   ami 

piiiit'iii'il.  mill  lilt'  M  fiolc  artM;.  in  iiioiinii  litrorr  iiudm.  Ai 
fiiii'i  I  lie  crti'wtl  ilic  Hhiiid  Ifistra!  tin- (In  rokti-  ImhiI, 
llltil  ('l|ruiii|M  i|  till  Ua  iimi'IIi  liatiU. 

A  fi'W  Ih'IIM  f>'f*t  vvai*  III!  Ill'  allttwttl  liin  anii> — iltt'jf 
Wert' nil  ifti'iiiiir-h  liiMi:  Im  furc  (lii\li;^'lii.  Wii-Iiiiivt'>ii  iimt 
Iii4  c^sviiln  liiitl  ii'iw  rt',i>>iii('i|  tluni.  Miii';:iiii  |iiil  all  iln* 
|>ri«i>tu'ri4  itiitln-  hi4  I'ltar);!',  itircctiii';  iIhui  $<i  ci'mm*  lli>> 
('ala«li!i  l>y  lln-  ii|'|t«r  rmtl-.  Tin'  tii;iin  >iimI\  luuk  a  iiintv 
iltrtil  I'liiiil  I'l  l{  iiii-n\Mi\  Mill-',  tin  till'  liiilc  Ciilawlia. 
.Mni';riiii  liitin  I  his  till-  liaikwanl.  I'lntiiiiially  li<li>iiinv  I'm' 
III''   |iiii'.>i|t'M  oil    liis  hack  ;   w  liiit.  tin  II,  W'lH  liin  .»iir|»riM' 

llll'l  ji<>\  III  li'ill'll  iVolll  lli^  ill  |('rM\i^  1)11  llic  '-il'lll  llllll.  tl|) 
III  III.-    r.llil.   Cnl'llUilllio   \\it.'>>till    ill    III*  t'illll|l.        II)'    |>ll>llt'll 

liirwant  \ut!i  r'|iiiil  u;.'<>t' iiii'l  liii|ii'. 

.Mi'iiMiiiii'',  li> '•lit' Ii.hI  jiiiihil   i'MTi-'i  w illl  ( 'iiniwiilli'*  nil 

llu>  ImIi.  iil'tt't'  ilii'ii'  l<in;r  tlthl  iiilli''iill    iiiiiri'li  up  ilii ;.'li 

lii'arly  tlic  uIih|i>  li<ii;;lli  uf  tlu>  Slati>.  On  I  If  I'nii.  ilict 
llrili>li  army  iiiiivi'il  tnwnrtl'*  Kiiijj'^  Ci'iik,  iiml 'rnrlcimi 
\\u-  ilircclcil  lucrum-  the  llniii'l  l»i\criiiMl  ri'i'uiiiiitiii'i' i'nr 
illl'  Mi^ji'iit'c  111'  Mdiy.ri.  'il*  wliii  i  iinixi'iin  Ml"*  llii',\  wtrc 
ill  profuiiiid  i^^ii'ininci' ;  >'*  Wi'll  liii'l  In'  k»'i'l  lii-  "*vii  »  unii- 
fv\.     My  way  lit"  iiiilliiilin'-'  lii-<  di-.irnii'' at  ('u«  |mih. 'I'iirh'- 

tiiii  llllll  r('|iri'<(  filed   .MiirL'iiii's  f'li sat  t  vvn  tlinii«:iiid.     li' 

flii>i  vvciT  Ml,  it  III  liiinvi'd  CnriiWiilli-'  111  iii'iM' Wiirily  in  his 
vifiniiy.  'rurli'ton  crov-i'd  llic  river.  Inil  li  ariud  (i;ily 
llllll  .Morpiii  hail  inarclu'il  iinnit'diiili'ly  frimi  tin'  lialllc- 
Ih'l'l.  t'l'iNM'd  tilt'  ni'iiaij  hy  iln-  iijipir  I'lii'd-'.  ami  tin'  iin- 
lijv.sidli  prcvaili' I  tliiil  he  ill!' inhd  111  hold  thai  |«.irl  nf 
l!i''i'(iniilry. 

C'linwalli"^  innv  riiii'jihl  eau'cils  at  llic  ln>!ii'  n!' ciriit  riii-.,' 
I.ini  and   iin  l"iiij  ih.'Uirkiil'  ilic    Ilili.     Hnt   M<'i','.'airs 


J 


ilM 


MuntiAS'"  H»;rn»:\T* 


m.iviir.l  i-wiiiil  tin  rui.ittlHi,  «'..rii»iillU  iMirrli'l  iKUily 

ilii\>  111  ritii, 

V.  \i'.l.i'..it.tl.  iiikI  uiii.«fii.mliil.li"  II..W  riimnl  lii»iiruiv 
III  iluMlinillniiliU  wily  mlwr^iiirv  ImkI  IuKiii.  Kim  iMiitHC  .1 
Willi  III-  Mi'Iiii'litl  l»iii:yii;j;«-lmiii.  \\v  i'iaili.-l  llu'  »•■.!  Imiik 
of  ihr  l.iilli'Ciil.iuliu  lit  Uiiiit-'wr'"  Mil''.  '"•  •'"'  '••'''• 
t.illnitllml  Mnrv'im  liml  i-hMm.l  i«o  'lav-  iMroit-,  iiimI 
i|.Mil.iU'..4  l.y  thi^  tiiiK-  lull  iKi-'nl  ilif  tiivtU  luiiuvbii,  iiimI 
\sa^  'i\\'f  n|Miii  lit  liitt  ••iiiiU. 

It  wa<  I'^tii  ..(.all. I  Mni';raiiN  Uiwh  llmitotl  il<nvn  willi  lU 
ti.l.'  ;  iiutliili;;  hirW  «'t>illtl  tti'|.nvi'  liiltl  of  IIk'  >iU>vW*  nf  lliat 
luil'.l-l'ull'.'lit  H.'Iil  of  CiiWIKli^      A-'  U'\H  hf'l*.-*  l-iim-,  III....'  tif 

('.Miiualli^  •Mill..  Ill'  liHMMil'iil  |.r.»iiiiM.-  I..  Ilif  Uriti-li 
mii»if«lry  !--wliat  |ir.>'i.!'.t  i.itimU.'  iln  m  vmukI!'  Hi-  iinli- 
lai'V  r.''i>iitiiti.ni  v.a<  ill  f.lipt;',  iiii'l  if  '..'It  K'tiii'U'il  l»y 
Koim-  »i|t.i(lv  ^lr..k^'  t>f  arm-,  wniiM  '.riii^'  ii|hiii  liiiii  ili*- 
iviiMUv  t)f  lii-*  Mi|KTi'»r-'.    "Ill  -ijrlil.  ii;*  it    ^^">-  "f  lii« 

lli'ml-iuartti'i*.  »  hv/*'  flflali "•   "f  'li^*  "•'">  •'•"'   '"'  " 

(■sij.Muv^l  :  yd  III'  liu.l  MilT.iv.l  ii,  ii.;r<  lia  r  v,  iili  it-*  anus 
M.iii.iiinl-.  raiiiiKii,  Iki'.'U.i;,^''.  •  ir..  t<»  Iw  l»'"rii.'  olT  hy  un 
iiii'.in»*iil.'ial.U'  f.'iw.  in  u  ••irciiitnii.-t  riMiic.  |.. winds  a  p-iinl 
wliii'li  lie  .iiiL'lit  lo  liav.'  kiKiwii  wmiiil  l.i' uilinil  nl.  iiml 
wliicli  wii-i  luaivr  !.»  Iiiiiistlf  tlimi  to  lii- n|.iMiiii  ui.  Ilr 
tm»<U'  no  vi^roroiiH,  wcll-tltncleil  .  Il'nri  l.»  aincii.l  lii-i  ini'*- 
hap-i  until  tlii'iitiH'  li;i<l  p!i--'.l  for  -mli  <  iVnri  i.ia\.iil."* 

VfXi'il  iiiiw  t.i  iKniiili'riniiil.  (.'nriiuiilli-*  caiiu'  to  the 
.l.-|iriatt'  iv^.iliilioii  of  «U'.«lfoying  \\U  m\y\As  trains,  iiti.l 
l.iirninj.'  Iii-t  liaj.';L'ii^'f,  thus  .liy.'nciim'M'rin^'  lii-  wliol.-  iiniiy 
f.ir  a  cliax'.  Noiliinj:  Imi  an  aliHointc  crtaiiily  of  Mice.  s,< 
coiiM  jn-!il'y  a  ^l.'|l  wlii.li  iiivolvitl  tlic  aliainlonnuiit  of 
liix  cohti  in|>lal(i|  «  iiiw  r  (',iiii|iai^'ii  ;  Iml,  l.:iniin,if  tiial 
.MofL'uti  li.i'l  (oiiif  to  a  iiall  at  Slicrralii's  i'or«l.  "ii  llif  cast 


*  f,lii,',,n„\^   I. Ill'  nf    ,]foig'>lt. 


i 


liittl  ru|Mill>' 
•rU<\  ih'ihI)' 

)i'i|  titH  unity 
%iii-itii»tN'rtil 

k>  \\f*i  littiik 

It   IIk'  -.Mill, 

iH'flll'l',     Itlt'i 

Ulan  lilt,  ititil 

•uii  wlili  \i* 

(ifii  ■<  iif  iliiit 

iim',  Mlii'i'  of 

I  hi'   Uriti'li 

?  nu  iiiiii- 

rctrii'U'iI  Ity 

mil  lliltl  thtl 
\M  li'.  nl'  liin 
iiy  liml  l>i'<'ii 
ill)  it-*  arms 

ir    olT    l»y    III) 

iiinl-  a  p'linl 
tiU'il  III,  iiikI 
|i<iiiiiil.  Ill' 
•ml   lii"*  iiiij** 

luilN.lil."* 
CillllC     til    till' 

l\  tiaili-.  iiimI 
•<  wlmli-  iinny 
ily  nl'  cuct'i  s.'i 
iiulnniiicnt  (if 
lariiiii.^   tliiii 

il,  nil  I  111'  I'Ust 


WMUhASi4   It  1.1  III. At. 


lutllk   Mf   lllf    CuIiIHInI,  III'    |)|lK'«'l'«U'll    t»  lAnCllll'   liix   miimI 

riKi'titti'Mu 

Mnr^'aii   Itail   ttiilti'il  tn  I'li'i'iiti  ittitl  in»l   liU  itKit,  atnl 

||ii|N  i|  |.(  ;.'il   |»nmi'   illfi'llt^trliri'   |'|n||t  lilHi  ||t'V  «fl|»V, 

lli*lti'aliltliit«l  iNt'itiiiit  iMriialty  rf«'«tuMi*liMi.  wht  itlitt' 

tlr;:i  III     il|)|>i'il|  of    lll>'    Silllll    lil'nil;.'||l     lltlll    aj^ilitt    illln  |tii> 

lli'l.l.  'I'lii' i'\|H».nh' t»f  It  ttiiihi'  iitm|'aiy;ii.  m  'lit'  IMMiy 
wa^nii.  wiiltimi  ii'itlx  or  clii'hiT,  wiilmtit  inmrorl*  ttri'Mii 
iii'i'»'«*iry  f'lnil,  hiiil  itiihiri il  fi'Mi'aiiil  n^'iit .  hikI  'If*'  lM|»ri| 

Itiy  nM  I'IM'lliy,  lH'iulil'll,-  "nlUl'llil- nf    |li.<  willtrl'    ill     MililUf 

atiil  ('atiinlii. 

Tlio  jHtiM  wiiH  inrtmi' !  he  wu*  \vi'll-iil«lt  iliiil>l<il.  Il 
wiM  iinu  till'  •.':ltl  nf  .liimijiry.  i»>'\rii  flay-  arii  r  r.»\\|iiii-. 

.Mnl'i/iill  I II I'll'  hi'*  nirilll\inll-l\  InWanU  llf  IlilNnl'^  lirliM*, 
lillt     It     i^^lill    a  •■  r;illl|>  nl'  Ui'|M»T," — t||i\    iliil   linl    In.llnl' 

(iiu  |M'ii<<  until  llic  '.'.'till. 
lie  vvriU'ii: 

"Stlf.ltilxr.ti'M  Ffiiiit,  .fiimiiiry '.*!l,  l*>»l 
">'//•■'— I     aniM'il    llrl'i'    llli-*    llinl'liili;;.        'I'lic    |ili^n||r|'H 

criK-iril  at  I.-tlaml  i''i>ri|.  I  .ihall  •«i'iii|  llu'iii  nii  in  Sali-iniry 
ill  lilt'  iimi'iiiti^r  yiianlctl  liy  .Miijnr 'rri|iliil'>  militia,  wittt.xo 
iiiiii'  iA|iii'(^  tlii-t  ilay.      I.nnl  ( 'I'l'iiwiilli,'',    vvlittlirr  frm.i 

lliul  illlrlll;;VII('('  nr  In  lllllkc  a  -IimU.  lllnNCil  ll|>  Inwiinls 
(iillnl'l     InWII    In    illli'IVi'|il    nil',   till'  litis   lll'lrl'   I     llili|   |>ll-«!4t'l| 

llilll.   *  *   "■ 

"I  ivi'i'i\ril  yniir  li'tli  r-J '.!'  tin'  |;;ili  in^i.  Wi.iiM  Inno 
ciiilcavni'i'il  In  p't  tlu'flntli  I  Wail.'  Ilaiii|ilnir- 1,  Imt  liiiii)^ 
nhliiri'il  to  cnnic  fu  far  nut  nf  ilic  way  «itli  my  i»risn»i»'i'H, 
|iiit>  il  cnlinly  nut  nf  my  pnwcr.  llnwi'Vi'f,  1  will  cnin- 
niunii'.'ili'  ilu'  mailer  In  CnliMul  I'icki'iH  ;  iicrliaii-*  In'  may 
Iiavr  .-niiii'  ciilrriiri-inj.'  rnllnwrr  tli;ii  wniild  iiinlcrtakf 
il.  I  lin',1'  cllliaircil  niH'  nf  lii^  i'a|»tailis  In  '^n  miinil  iiinl 
kill  tin'  fiii'my's  linrs.s  :  |iirlia|i-i  lie  may  i|n  llic  nilnr 
|p|isiiii',->.  /  iiilihd  f<i  sl;;ii  III  //li.i  p/iii'r  I  til  I  //I'/f  j'i'iiiti 
»/'///.  in  ni'ilrr  tniniiiii    (111-   III!  n  aii'l    U'l    in   i.noil   train. 


•:i  I 


Mdiii;  \N  s  Ki  I'iir.Ar. 


\Vi' iiii;,-l    li-  littf'l   "III  ^»ii'>   |i!ir\-h«>r>.'^.  Inf.  !is   1   wnilo 
\(m  \,rU«:r,  \v,i;j:i.ii,-  will  linl  iht  I'nr  li'llll   HMil|i.-'. 

••  1   li;i\c  '^nt     liMM   wIlM    IHC  WlllcllillU'    til*'  rllclliy's  IIUIVC- 

iiii'iil.-.  ;iM'l  uill  ,uiv>'  v.)ii   the  fiii-lic-t   iiiTouiits.      I   think 
Ihcy  will  111'  lliis  Wiiy.  il'llic  .-trnkc  \\v  ua^'  Tiirlrlnii  don't 

vUri'k   lili'MI. 

••  \;  I  his  lime  we  hiivo  .-iix  huntlnd  |iri;-oiu'V,-(. 
••  1  hiivo  tin.'  inmui'  lo  iir,  tli'. 

"  |)a s I i;i.  MniMiA.'.'. 

"  Major  (Icncral  (ii!i;t:sr:.*' 

Unc  ,<i'rnl.>a  litlli'  eovcrt  irony  in  llic  I'ollowinLr. 

S!ii;uii\i.i)'s  Foui),  .hiiiiiiiry ','1,  IT^I. 

«',sV;';--I  iiiivc  jM^t  rr.ivi'd  yonr  It'tlcr  of  tlic  l'.Mh[!\vo 

(lays  al'UT('owi.cn^|.  ami  am  much  olili.uvd  to  yo\i  for  your 

(•ai'ilii>nsa-ainsi   a  .s- ///•/;/■/>/•.     Mr.  Tarictoii  ini.irhl  as  wrll 

have  lici'ii  suriiri-cil  iiinisc'll',  n^  hvvn  .so  Uuvili.>hly  lu'at'.'n 

as  lie  wa-;. 

"  1  ai)|iro\H>  iMUcli  (if  havin.2;  lioals  with  tin'  main  avmv, 
1)nl  woiiM  not  wi-h  to  havi'  any  with  mo;  m;/  /"'rfi/  r-  ''/■; 
V'ntl-  loijicn-d  Ihrni.  I  am  com  incd  lliat  a  drsc;  nl  into 
(Irori^iii  would  answer  a  very  i;ood  puriiosi'.  Il  wuild 
draw'  the  attention  of  the  eneiny  that  way,  and  wouhl 
mneli  di-eoneerl  my  Lord's  plans. 

••I  am  convini'cd  hy  every  cin'unislivnn'.  he  intends  to 
march  ihroii^li  this  jwrt  of  .lie  State  towards  Vir;,dnia. 
mid   liis  malvin.i;  ii  junction  with  Leslie,  iixcs  me  in  tlial. 

opinion. 

••  I  >hou1d  1.0  exccedinply  slad  to  make  a  (losccnt  into 
(;cor_ri:i.  Iml^  am  so  emaciated  that  1  can't  umlertake  it. 
!  -row  worse  every  Imnr.  1  can't  ride  out  of  a  walk.  1 
iiin  eN'vedin,^,dy  so'rry  to  leave  the  Held  a!  such  a  tiine.K 
this,  Imt  it  niusr,  lie  the  ca-c  Pieknis  is  uvcryenfcr- 
])ri-;i'!,ii'  nnin,  and  a  very  judieiou.s  one  :  [h  rhajis  lie  niiuhl 
an>wcr  the  purpose. 


iiiv's  lllfiVC- 
-.  1  think 
rli'lmi  (loii'l. 


MolKlAX. 


iry ','1,  ITSl. 
he  I'.tlh  [!\vi> 
^■ii\i  I'll!'  yoiir 
iirlil   ii-i  well 
i^lily  bfuti'ii 

'  liiiiln  nvmy, 

I  jiiivhi  i>  ■"'> 

(Icsc;  111   illlii 

ll     WMild 

,  and    would 

ic  iiitcni!-'  ti) 
rds  Vir.'iinia, 
i  me  in  (liat 

descent  I'nlo 
iiiidertiike  iL 
.1'  ii  widk.  1 
ell  ii  (inic  .!■; 
a  very  i'i\ii  r- 
ajis  lie  niii^lit 


M'»i:i; w  -  i;i.ii;i;ai'. 


Hih 


"\   lia\i'  had   nu  iniiili'^iMi''"  I'l'iiin  I,iird  rin'Muallls  this 

{\\n   (!a\  •.       I    cXiwcI     Id    hral"    riiiill     him    (Nrl'V  hMiif.        ir 

anMhini;  inh  i^.-linij   traM.-jiirr-.    I    will   Iri    \i<\]    knnw    ii, 
innnt'dialuly. 

"  I  ha\i'  ilif  Imniir,  cic. 

••  nANIi;i.    MoliiiAN. 

••  Major  (icni  ral  (ii;i:i;M:. 

••  N.  I>.  Mv  drtai-hnirnl  i-  mneh  wcakrii.d  hy  ihis 
liiihi  uilh  'raiiclon.  WV  have  near  lil'ly  nirii  ili.sddcd. 
W'f  lia\i'  noihiiiu'  to  drink" 

'I'liey  had  elii'iTy  k'uniire  al  Cheraw  Hills,  fur  Mur'^an's 
^■(H)d  IVirud  Culuiul  <).  II.  William,  wrileri  In  iiini  im- 
inedialcly  ii|iiiM  reeci\in,u'  the  luw.s  ol'  Ids  viclory,  thdiiuii 
Morifau  does  not  iveeive  it  i'ur  nianv  davs  al'ter. 

"('ami-  I'KDia;,  .Iniuiiu-y  ■.'■>.  ITKl. 

'■  /hiir  (,'i  i/c/'(i/ : — 1  rfjoicc  e\e('edin;^iy  at:  your  .-u  '(h',-;'. 
The  advanla^v.s  yon  have  ^ainul  arc  i:n|iorlanl,  and  ilo 
i;-reul  honor  to  your  link'  eorp-.  1  am  delJLililed  that  the 
aceuinnlaled  honors  ol"  a  \oiinij  [lariisaii,  shoidd  \>v  phin- 
(h'ri'd  Iiy  my  (dd  I'rieiHl. 

•'  Wo  have  had  dfci  i/c  jdir,  ilrank  all  yoiii'  lieali !,-,  and 
sw<ire  yon  were  the  lini'sl  fellows  on  carlh.  and  lo\c  \oii 
if  |iossii)le  more  tlian  ever,  'I'he  (ienrrallias,  I  think, 
maiji'  ins  eomplime'nts  in  vci'v  hand-omc  terms,  llnelosed 
i.s  ti  copy  of  his  orders.  It  waswritien  immediately  arirr 
we  received  Hie  news,  and  iluriinj  //!■'  a/n  rn/in/i  af  snnin 
rhirrtj  biiaiice.     Cumplimeiits  to  Howard  and  all  friends. 

Adien. 

'"Sincerely  yours, 

"0.  II.  Williams. 
•*  Bri,iradier  (leneral  M'.jr.iiAX." 

Letters  from  .Morgan  to  (iicene  uinler  same  date  run 
this: 


nm 


Moi.i.  \N  .    i;n  i;i:  \i. 


••  Sm.lMlA!.!)'-'   I'ouii,  .lainiiiiy  J"!,  i;sl,  SiiiiiiM'. 
...s',>;_l   am    lliis   iiiitiiiciil    iiilnnucil   li\  r\i'iT>-   ilml 
I'nriiuiillis   is  ill    liiiiiisuwcr's  Mills,   on  Wu'w  inanii  lliis 
Wiiv.  tK'.-lriiyiiij.''  ail   lit'l'tirc   liim.     1   siuiil   kimw  tlic  is'ulli 
dl'  ihis  ill  ii  feu  lidiirs  and  Id  yoii  Kihiw  iiniiicdiafi'Iy. 

'•  1  am   \nlir  nlicilirlll    -rlMIUl, 

•■  DaMI'I.  .MoUiiAN." 


Vcl  a,^;iiii  siiiic  (laic  : 

"  Siii.uuM.n's  rmii),  .'aniiiiry '^5,  K^l. 

"  Dmr  dntrviil  :—\  ivccisr  inlrllip  iicc  -very  liniir  (if 
tlif  ciicniv's  ra|iitl  aiiproarl).  in  ciMisi'iiiU'iici' ol'  wliidi  1  am 
K'lidiiiji:  ctl  my  \va,t.'(iiis.  My  numlicrs  al  this  iinu>  aiv  lo,» 
wi'ak  in  linhl  lliem.  /  iulnid  to  inorr  Imiuinh  Sulishin-n 
ill.  iin/n-  ht  ijrl  iiriir  Ihr  mniii  (inn;/.  I  Inmii'  Ihcil  iiilnid 
h  hrinij  iiir  '/"  ttn  (I'iiun  irl(i<li  I  diii  rrsninti  atri'/nlhi  lo 
II mill.  '  I  irjurl  ijnn  irill  inure  suiin  irhfir  mi  lln'  YikII'i  /  /" 
(iji/iiisr  till  if  crossiiiii. 

••  1  think  il  would  l.c  ailvisaMo  In  join  nur  i'nrns  and 
ll-]il  liu-.n  \<vUn\'  llu'V  join  rinllips.  wliidi  ihry  .rrhdidy 
will  do,  ir  tlu'y  art'  imt  slni'p'd.  1  havf  ..rdcrrd  I  he  cnni- 
inandintrnll'Krr  al  Sali-lmry  In  mnvcniT  with  tlic  prisoners 
and  stnivs.  If  ynu  tliiiik  it  ri-iit.  yn;i  will  ivinal  ii.  I 
cannnl  as.vi'tain*  liu'  enemy's  ntimlHTS,  Imt  suppnse  them 
odds  ui"  two  thniismd  :  l.iat  numbei- if  they  ivee|»  in  u  eoin- 
pUft  hudy,  wo  cannnl  liui't. 

"I  am,  dear  (ienefal.  etc.. 

>•  l)\NiKL  MonoAX." 

"('AMr  Sni:iii!M.i>"s  Foni),  Jnnuiwy  25, 1T81. 
<.-,S'/V.-~The  enemy  eneaiiiiH<l  la>t  ni-ht  at  Piamsnwors 
Mills  in  fnree:  tiiey  marched  near  thirty  miles  ycstefday. 
It  is  my  niiMiinii  'they  intend  tn  make  a  I'm'eed  mai-cli 
thrniidithis  par;  of  tin'  Stale,  and  make  a  jiinelinn  wrh 
Phillips  hiuh  np  in  the  cnnidfv.  //"  ■•«>,  thr  i>i.^ilii>i>  ,'/"" 
h,irr  hikfll' I'iil  hi  liii'ili  D.'t  of  III'-  iri'i/.      If  '  ■•>niir,il/i::  <i,il 


SI ,  SiimiM'. 
■\[iiT>-   ilial 
iiiarcli  this 
iw  till'  I  null 
iliiiti'ly. 

MoU.iAN." 


nry  W,  ITsi. 
cry  liniir  of 
'  u  liicli  I  Ilia 
iiim>  iii'i'  till) 
//\  Sitlishiirjl 
'  //ii'il  iiilfiiil 
I  C(irrf/i//ii  h) 
'ir  yiidhiil" 

ir  i'dl'rrS   Uiul 

Ik'V  crrlaiiily 
ITll  till'  fdlll- 
lln'  prisoiKTS 
rrpi'iil  ii.  I 
ii|i|)ii,-c  thrill 
x\)  ill  ii  culii- 


MUUOAX." 

iiiry  2."),  1781. 
t  IJaiiisuwor.s 
l(v  yi'.-tcnliiy. 
'iinnl   man  li 
unctiiiii  \vi'!i 

/l(,si/i(lll       Ij'ltl 

iri/in///;.-'  (iii'l 


M(»i{(i.\N  s  i;iTiii:.\r. 


'ih'l 


I.I sll>  litirr  jitihi'il  forri'S,  jrr.  irrr  ii"!  ulil''  to  miilniif  ii'ilJt 
tlnui.  All  till'  Siiiitlicrti  militia  lia'.c  ilispcivci).  What, 
iiiiiiiIk i- (ii'ijcral  |)a\ii|>nii  lia-  I  am  ii"l  alilc  tn  iiifunii 
\i)ii.  a     ilicy  w   '(■  Hilly  cullrrl iiiu'  yc-ttTilay.      /'/"///  this 

iiifoi'iiiii/fiiil  i/ii>>  ii'ill  III  ii/ilr  ill  i/is/iii.sr  (if  l/iiiir  Hi'iii'l  ill  llii' 
hi,\t  iiiiihuir.  I  uill  (l'>  i\iryiliiii;^r  in  my  pdwcr;  Iml  ynu 
may  lint  piil  miicli  <lr|i('ii<li  nee  ill  m<'.  !'>>!'  1  can  niatlicr 
mil' imr  walk.  I  will  <ciiiiiiiiu'  In  .Liivc  \nii  vwvs  inirlli- 
^■(■iicr  ill  my  powiT. 

•'  1  liavc  liic  lldlinr  111  be. 

•■  i).\Nii;i,  MoKCAX." 

A;;aiii : 

"Siikiii:ai.i>'>  I'lMa)  .l.iiiuiirv ','."i,  IT^l, 

*^  ])iiir  Sir : — At'ii'i"  my  lati'  f^iu'ccs-.  ami  my  .siiiu'iiiiic 
(■\]icclat  inii  tn  (III  MPiU'l  liiiii;- clever  this  camiiaiuii,  1  iiiii.-l 
iiil'(>i-iii  Vdii  thai  I  >liall  lie  uliliu'eil  to  jiivc  over  t  he  [nir- 
Miil.  l»v  reason  of  uii  oM  pain  r(  turniiiLf  upon  me  thai  laiil 
me  up  I'our  meiilhs  oT  la>i  winter  and  sprint;-.  It  i-  a 
i^eiatiea  that  reiulers  nu' entirely  incapahle  of  act  ive  ^  t- 
viee.  1  lia\e  ha  I  it  Tor  t  hree  Weeks. 'iuit.  on  jreti  iiiii'  Wet 
111"  other  (la\-.  il  has  sei/eil  me  more  violently.  \\h!cli  i;-ives 
me  ureal  pain  when  I  riile.  and  at  limes,  when  walking  or 
slandini:,  am  oliliii'ed  to  sit  down  a.-  (piick  as  if  !  were  shot. 

Iain  not  iinaei|iiainted  wit  li  the  hurt  my  reliriii;^  will 
l»e  to  the  service,  as  the  people  have  much  dependence  in 
inc.  Iitit  till-  love  I  liuvc  for  my  country,  and  the  williiiLT- 
iii'.-s  1  have  always  showed  to  serve  it.  will  convince  ymi 
that  iiotliin<r  would  he  waiitin,:,'  on  my  side  wc'e  1  aide  to 
persevere.  So  I  inii-t  lietr  k'uve  of  ahsence  till  1  liiid  my- 
self ahle  to  take  the  Held  auain.  If  1  can  jirocuiv  a 
chaise.  I  will  I'lideavor  to  jrel  home,  (ieiieral  Davidson. 
Colonel  l'i(kens.  a.id  (Ieiieral  Sumter,  can  niaii'iLre  the 
militia  hetler  than  I  can,  and  will  well  supply  my  idace. 

"  I  have  this  moment  re  .'lived  iiitcilijreiice  that  the 
cnemv  are  within  a  ^t'W  miles  from  tlii<  place,  movinj  on 


!^ 


.Mui!<.  \N  s  ui;ti!i:at. 


I'iiliHllv.     Ml/  /""'/.'I  II''''  ■'•"  "'"'/t'  tl'nl  I  ll'iiil*'  I  """'I  IJ'I'I' 
iniij. 

'•  I  ll;i\t'  Ihi'  Iinlior  (o  lie.  ell'., 

••  1>.\SII.1.   MtiliilAN."' 


TlH'nr\t  IciliT  isiiiulcriliitonlMimiiiiry  ".'Stli.  twi'lvi'diiys 
iil'liT  ('ii\v|i(ii>. — Ntt  siLTii  or  .-omul  of  tlu'  iiiaiii  iiiniy. 

'SnKiiiiAi.D's  I'diii),  .luiiuiiry  'JM,  17S1. 

'<  ,s'(V; — I.ord  ( 'orii  Will  lis  ciiciiiiiiM'd  on  I  he  •illli  iit  l!;mi- 
sowit's  Mi!!-,  witli  his  main  Itoily  I'roiii  Hi'dsid  I'ivcr.  .My 
rt!i<nii  I'lir  ii(i(  wriliiij^  Id  you  i'or  luo  diiy-  was  (o  liiid  "Hi 
whicli  way  tln-y  irally  iiitnidttl,  thai  1  ini-ht  liavf  it  in 
niv  powi'i  |o  inform  you  fully,  f  am  tryin,t;'  toKdlcct  ilu' 
inililia  to  make  a  .-laud  at.  this  jilacc.  I  lia\('  (mlircil 
(icniTal  DavidsdU,  witii  live  hundred  militia,  to  lieatly's 
{•"nnl.      We  ai'e  liilin.'i  all  llie  ]iri\at('  folds  In  ma!  i' them 

illl|)assidilr.       'i'he  (lUe  I   lie    at,    I    intilld    to  Ira\e   i:|iili.       1 

(U'dered  all  the  |ii'isi.ners  and  store-  fmm  Sali.-lmry  In  the 
Mnraviaii  town,  lam  tnld  they  aie  irone  undn-  a  weak 
;:iiai'd.  I  ho[ie  seme  nf  them  dnu't  p't  away,  l!"  the 
enemy  iHirsued,  I  ordei'cil  tlniu  to  .\u',Mi-la.  \'ifi:iiiia  : 
.-hiMild  Ik   jxhitl  if  you  Wduld  give  orders  ediieeniiu',''  them. 

•■  I  am  a  little  api'felirnsive  that  Cornwallis  inleii.ls 
to  surpris"  me.  lyiii^-S'i  Mill  tliisday  u'  twn;  hut  if  the 
militia  don'i  deei'ive  me.  whom  I  aiii  ohliu'ed  |u  Iru-I  lo 
as  guards  up  and  down  the  river,  f  think  I  will  put  il  out. 
of  his  power. 

"If  I  were  ahle  to  ride  and  ,soe  abont  everytliiuir  mysi  li". 
T  slioidd  think  myself  jierl'eetly  sale  ;  liiit  1  am  oi)lip'd  to 
lii'  in  a  housi'  out  of  eain|\  imt  beinir  aide  to  encounter 
till'  hadness  ',!'  the  weathrr.  llnwcver.  notliin;.,':  iu  my 
powiT  shall  he  left  undone  to  seeiiiv  this  part  of  t],u' 
eoiintry  anil  annoy  the  enemy. 

"'I  have  the  honor  to  I.e.  ete., 

"  l).\Mi:i.  Mor!<!A?>.'" 


/  iiiKsl  ijirc 

.M<u;(;.\s." 

I.  IutIvi'  (lays 
II  ainiy. 

i!ir.v,'H,  17S1, 

•vMlli  111  li'am- 
l  IJiv.r.     My 

l>  In  liml  (lilt 
it    have  it   in 

to  Kllll'Ct    tlic 

lia\r  nrdirTil 
I.  t(i  IScatly's 
I)  iiia!;i'  tiu'iii 

avr   i!|ii'l|.       I 

i.-liiiry  In  till' 
laiii'  a  \vcal< 
I  way.  I!"  liu' 
la,  \'iri:iiiia  ; 
cniiii','  lliciii. 
allis  iiilcii.ls 
I  :  liiit  ii'  the 
■d  lu  Ini-l   to 

.'ill   |lllt    it   (Hit 

tliiiiLT  iiiysili", 
am  ohiip'd  In 

til  rllCdUlltcr 

lliiii"'  iii  my 
;    part   (if  'lu' 

to., 

M  OKI!  AN.*' 


Mui;(i.\N  s  i;i;'i'i£i;\i. 


;tM 


"  nK.vn'YV  KollK,  .la.iunv  •.'Oi!i,  IT^l. 

ITw'lvi'  ilay-'  al'lcr  ■■  CnwiHii-."! 

"  hill r  Sir  :—\  lia\t'  jnsi  iii'rixcij  nt  tliis  jilai  ;•  In  view 
niir>itii,itinii.  (iciicral  I  »avii|,»iiii  is  liciv  willi  I'iulii  liiimlri'il 
iiK  II.  Till'  I'liciiiy  is  uitliiii  ten  milc,>  nf  t  his  placr  in  lorrc  ; 
tlu'ir  aiivuu'i'  is  III  siuiil.  li  i-  iiiicci'iaiii  wlicili(r  tliry 
inti'inl  I'tcrii-s  lull'  (ir  imt.  I  have  ilciacliiMJ  two  Imiiilivd 
iii'.'ii  III  I  111'  'riirkiisiviiii  I'niil.  t'l  lill  it  11)1  and  difriid  it. 

"All  cxitri'ss  has  just  arrived  \v!im  iiil'nriir-  iia'  that  llicy 
liiiVi'  liiiriii'd  tlu'ir  \va;;iiiis  iiiid  lnadcd  lluii'  iiicii  heavily. 
I  am  just  returning,'  Id  Shernilirs  iMifd.  wliiTeoiir  nuuiars 
lie.  1  e\|ieet  tiiey  will  aitrlii|il  In  cru-ri  in  I  he  lllul•lliIl'.^ 
1  will  lei  you  lu;ir  every  iiai'lieiilar. 

"  1  liilVC  lilL'  honor  to  lie. 

••  Danm::.  Moimian." 

It  was  now  .lanuary  ^liith,  the  i'lnirteeiiih  day  from  the 
liatlleol'  ('oW|ieii-;;  .-till  no -i;_'ii  or  sound  IVo  n  i!ie  main 
iiriii\. 

Morgan  lay  yet  at  Sherruld's  [•'onl.  ho|,iii,i:  to  he  joined 
hv  iiiilitiii,  and  lio|iiii;^  anaiiist  liop  ioi'  helji  from  I  Ireeiic. 
'I'he  militia  e..me  in  -lowly:  it  was  ■■■.  iiniolV)rpi'0|)arin,i,''l!io 
;^roiind  for  plant iiiir;  this  nni-t  he ai  tended  to,  uv  st-ar  atioii 
of  their  f.imilies  was  certain.  Also,  it  was 'I'arlelon's  anil 
roriiwallis' onli'is  to  Ini.n  the  house  of  <'\ery  v.  Ihl' \\lio 
was  ahseiil  from  home.  Xol wilhstandiiiir  the  cheek 
at  ('ow|ieiis.  the  whole  oii-comii'u-  Hriti>li  army  wii,-; 
ii|ioti  them.  .Morgan  saw  thai  there  oi|e-ht  to  he  anoilicr 
haltlc  foii'ilil  at  llie  Catawha,  if  they  were  to  accomplisli 
wliat  they  had  hceii  sent  lo  do,  namely,  to  keep Cornwallis 
o!il  of  Viriiinia.  and  drive  him  hack  to  the  sea.  I'at  his 
p'li'my  force  had  ''windleil.  'I'hc  (leorL';ia  and  South  Caro- 
lina volhiiteer-  had  u'one  hack,  while  the  leriii  of  .service 
of  Tripletr-  Vii'uinia  Miilitia  had  expired.  Morean  re- 
sohcd  to  wait  ni.ilii  the  la-f  monnnt  of  safety,  liopinu;.  if 
(ireeiie  i)roiiuht  uiitlie  army,  lodi.-puie  ','oriiwallis'  passage 


im 


jioiioan's  ur.TUiMr. 


«.r  ilif  fi\i'r.  A  li.'uvv  mill  Ium  ImU'Ii  "h  iIm-  -^'.mIi.  iiinl 
Mnru'iiii  wiix  Halt' St.  Ioii.l;  us  llu'  r'wrv  ciiitiiiaril  iiMlnnlulilc 
TliiLS  luaiii  T-  .-ii""!  wliiii.  nil  ilii'  iiinriiiiii;  111  .l.iuiiiiry 
;|ii||l.  (u'lliTal  (iiv.llr  rnilr  ilHo  Mnr;,'ullV  (MIHI"  Ji.vum- 
|.iiiiic<i  niilv  li,\  Hill' iiitl  aiitl  nil  tx'frl  "f  ciiMiln.  NMuil 
for?  '-'I'lial  \wiv  lio"  liniinr.  It  \va>  \u>\  a  (innial  I  hat 
\MH  waiiU'il  -it  was  an  army. 

Wo  can  iiuulirn-  iiml  wliat  nivriinu'  .Mi.rLraii  ^'a\('  liim  ; 
tlicy  piirJnl  cninpaiiy  Ip.I'.mv  many  Ip.iir-.  I'nr  tln'  ri\ir  fi'll 
IIS  raitiilly  as  it  iom'.'  and  .Muriraii  was  (•(.inprlli'l  to  himvc 
nil.  (Invnc  lia.l.-larli'tl  his  army  cm  thr-JiMlinf  .lannary— 
il  tuuix  I'mir.lav.s  to  {.'(•'  it  m  ni'.i  inn  atlrr  the  iu>\\>s  .if  tlic 
l,.„,l,,  ,v:a  IkmI  it  nil  tho  •.'.Mil.  1ml  it  wa^  maivliiii-  mwanls 
!>ali>t'ni'v.  mil  Calawlia.  umliT  <ii'ni  ral  Iliiuvr. 

Cnniuallis  wniiM  crnss  nil  the   ninrrnw  :  thri-.fnrr.  nil 

111,,  vu-iu'.v^  Ml'  tlu'  :Mst.  •■  MdPjan.  ui'h  hi-  runv.  imnrd 

niT  in  hI.ium'.  and.  pushiii-  furwaid  all  that  i.i.ulit  and  ihr 

i.c\t  dav.  -iiiniMl  a  full  da>V^  inaivli  alaad  of  ihr  cin  ni\."" 

(iivrnc'ivniaincd  at  th.'  (;iia\vl>a.     M.^rian  made   r.'r  lln' 

Yiidkin.     'VUr  maivli  wa-  .nialm  trd  in  a  swrci'in,-:,  dr^  n.di- 

inu'  winter  rain.    'l"h.'  Yadkin  was  rising'  ra|.i<lly.  hut  Mni- 

"■an   iiad   prnvidrd    hn-  iiis  cros-in--,  hy  asscinhlin-- all  ilu' 

hnuts    i'nr   mih's.       rpon    irarhin.i:    the    lord-,  li<'    f'miid 

hundreds   <.f  leiTilicil    [.eoi-lf  llun--  frnin   tiu'  nn-c(.inin,- 

ilritish  uniiv.  and  tlie  lender  nieivies  nf  Tarletnii.     'I'luy. 

I,,n.  threw  tiienisflves  nvnti  Mn)-an'>  |.n.te(ti.m.     ile.Liave 

ii_-(in'at  lloart"— sent  them  all  safely  a.'r<'>s.tlinu-h  lii.s 

-iiur-l  .m  tlu  wv.^t  hank  liad  a  lu.t   .kirnu-h  wilh   C'nrn- 

w.ii^lis'  advance  cavalry,  who  eudcavnivd  tnsei/e  the  boats 

Uu!   were  drixell   hnek. 

Mnriraii  inarehvil  nil  toward?  <'«nilf"rd  ('.  II..  in  North 
r^irolina.  whiflier  llie  main  army  were  al-o  imw  ordciwt 
t,u  d.irect  their  march.  T-ni  lie  now  he.-an  In  he  an\j(Ki!< 
«»M-  the  »>.»uforl  (.f  his  wnrn-down.  half-starved  soldiers. 
!le  cimld  neither  ride  on  liorsehack  nor  walk.  hut.  on 
the  .Mil  of  Fehnuiry.  .Lnvin-  the  comiuand  to  l/ienteiian;- 


I 


•  -Jltili.  iiinl 

Ulllnrdlllili'. 

<ii  .hiiiiiiiry 

llll|l    IICCUIII- 

iilrv.     W  liut 

ii'lllTuI    lIlMt 

I  ;:;i\i'  liiin  ; 
111'  ri\('r   Irll 

Icil     to     lllltVC 

f  .liiiiiiiirv — 

IUVV,<  (if    llll'     . 

liiii,'  luwiinls 

lirl'vl'ciri'.   I'M 
riircc.  Ill(i\r(l 

iulit  aiiil  iln' 

llir  fiiciny." 

Ill, nil'  fur  IIh' 

liUii'.  lll'l  IM'll- 

llyj.ul  Mnr- 
liliiiu'  iill  llll' 
;^•,  he  I'miiikI 
(.'  oii-cuiniiip; 
ctilll.  'I"ln_v, 
"11.  lIcLiavi' 
-s,t!inu^-li  lii.s 

I  Willi  C'nni- 
\v.v  till'  iMmtj*»- 

II..  ill   N'Tth 

iinw  (irilcriil 
til  111'  iiii  \i<i:!S 
r\c(l  Hiildicr.-. 

\\{\\<.    l>lll,    nil 

II  Iiirutcn;iiit- 


MIM.'CAN  S    I|I'.TIM:AT. 


^m 


Ciiliilnl  l!(iw;ii'i|,  !ir  ImiK  :i  f.ii'riii'jv  nir!  rmlr  nliniil  lu 
|ir>'|i:nv  ijiiiirtt  IS  ami  -ii|i|ili<'<.  Il<' ai'iniiiiili'lh  <l  all.  ami 
Wl'ot'-  In  (iiiu  ral  (iivilic  ; 

'(ill!  rniii)  ('  11. ,  I'rln-iiiiry  ti,  \y\. 
"Si;  .•  —  I  arii\r(|  licic  ia>i  i  viiiiiii;-.  aiul  mhi  a  iiiiiiiliir 

III'  |il'I-:.||ci'S  lliat  Wrrc  llriv.  Ill  jniu  I  lie  lliai  11  linijv  .  .\l»illl 
i'oiir  I  liuiis'iii'l  |i<aiiii|s  III'  .-allcil  i;i('al.  coi'ii-iiii  al  ami 
l(ii'ai,'c  ii|iiivaicul,  i-i  |irniiii»til  iiu'.  I  am  iiiu'.'li  imli«|iu.:ril 
nitli  pain.  W'li'ii  I  livl  cvrn  liiiii'j  in  as  u'-iuil  a  tiiiii  as 
|ii)s-ililr  rc-|M(iiiin'  |iiu\  i.>;iiii<,  cic.  1  ,>|iall  iiiovi' on  slowlv 
I"  Millie  .-all'  rctnat  ainI  '.\-\  to  rcciivcr. 

"  1  am  .^iiicci'i'lv .  etc.. 

"  D.wiii.  MoiicAV." 

Miir'iaii'.s  ai'iuy  reaclinl  (liiilfnnl  ( ',  II..  mi  I''('l,riiary 
Mil.  ami  1(11  llll'  '.Mil  llic  main  ariiiv.  nmlrr  llii'jti'.  u  illi 
till' ravalrv  III'  Iji'c  arrivi'd,  makiii;.'  a  I'lircc  uf  iwn  llmii- 
.>aiiil,  of  wliom  siv  Iniiulri'il  were  iiiiliiia. 

On  I  lie  li'nili  of  Octiitu'f.  .MnrLiaii  timk  a  carviai:!'  ami 
.«tai'U'ii  (owanls  luuiu'.  His  .-iin'cniiLis  Inul  Iiccuiik'  alninst 
iiisii|i|iiii'lalili'.  Al'tcr  a  frvv  days  trav*  liii,^',  he  was  lurcTd 
tu  >lii|i  al  till'  lidiisc  of  (li'iicral  iiawsoii.  .\uain  lie  .-ct 
oiil.  ami  was  a,i,".iiii  cniiiiirlhil  lo  ,<to|i  and  ^.'allicr  .-trciiutli. 
Hi^  frit'iid.  ('-■irlcr  ilarrisoii.  ivci'lvcd  tlii'  war-woi'ii  In m, 
and  iu'i-f  lit'  !vaiaiui.i]  .-uitu-  time. 


\ 


X\Vll.~lTsl. 
M()K(;AN  at    IIOMK. 

MOUr.AX  ivMclicil  his  lidiiir.  iii'iir  Wiiiclir-trr.  (iiiii- 
ciiili'.l  l(.  llii'  litHir.  >liuk.ii  l.v  Icrtiiiii  ii;;m>.ni«'K«''l 
Willi  Kii'tiiriii.!,'  piiins  tiiMi  opinv-Md  uiiii  iiiniliil  I'yiv- 
Imiliiiir-  ilitil  ills  iiiillU-i(ii\s  mill  ileitis  wi'iT  iloiic.  Tliiil 
lu'ivu'U'im  fniiiw,  willi  itsin.ii  lilM-.'.—tiniii.L:-  n'""!''  !''•'•  ''"' 
kiiijrh  sjiiril  lliat  iiiliiil»itfl  il.--iiln';Mly  I'iII.mv.I  m  its  liiuil 
I'lill?  '  H.Ml)  Mi)rf,'iui  mill  \V;i-liiii^'l"M  ■'^I'liiic'l  |>livsiraily 
(.ruani/.'d  tnr  (riilniiiriaiis  Imt  Inird  s*rvi(v  ciirtaili'tl 
;lu'iii  III'  ii  (|iim'ii'r  nl'  a  ci'iitiiry. 

Mis  iii.iiis  ol'  iiaiiil'iil  wcuriJU'ss  wi'iv  cluon'tl  liy  IftttT-* 
of  (•.•iifiraliilatiuii  i'mm  limlliiT  ulllcvis.  ami  iicl<iii'\vl.'il<;- 
jiii'iitsnl'  CoiiuTi'ss  and  i'Uht  piililir  li'>ili"-.  "f  tlir  lirilliaiit 
anil  Viilii'iltlc  f^'Tvii'''  li<'  ii^id  jn^t  1h  rt'nriiUMl.  Fnmi  tiit> 
lluufiu  mI'  Dclr^utcs  ui"  Virginia  : 

"  Frnlni,  Mnrcli  {)t!i,  iTSl. 
"  Hi'mJrrd.  'i'liat  ItriKailiiT-fii'iicn.l  Mur.L'iin  ln'  iTi|iu',-ti'(l 
(o  arci'pl  i.r  a  lior-i'  with  I'uniitun',  and  a  swnrd,  as  ii 
rurlhiT  ii-timniy  nf  tln'  hiirli  vstri'iii  id'  his  ruimtry  for 
hi-  iniliiary  fliarai'liT  mid  iiliilitic*.  si.  -;lnrinii.-ly  displayi'd 
in  tlir  \irti.ry  naiiird  by  him  and  thf  li'ni'ps  he  lately  eniii- 
inanded  in  Suiiili  Carclina,"  etc. 

I'Vuiii  lliiii.  Ikiehard  Ifeiiry  1-ie; 

•  liiciiMDND,  Alnrcii  •}\,  ITSl. 
">■/;■  .•_ll  is  with    peeuliar  jileasniv   that    1  e\eenlelhe 
order  I. r  the   lloiise  of  iKK-ates.  in  Iransmitiin.ir  d'  ymi 


MOIttI  \V    AT    III 'Mi;, 


■lii-trr.  (iim- 
ii;;iK'.  nii'knl 
iik'IiImI   I'lU'i'- 

.lolK'.        'I'llllt 

iiliiidc  I'lir  till' 
ivil  In  its  lilllll 
I'd  |)liy.-ic:ill_v 
U;e    ciirtiiik'd 

red  Iiy  U'ttcis 

iirloii'wlrd^f- 
r  ilic  lirilliiiiit 

il.       Flnlll    tllO 


rch  Otli,  iTSl. 

n  lie  iv(|iu'.-ti'<l 
I  swnrd,  iis  !i 
is  ('(luiitry  I'M" 
<u>\\  di.-|iliiyi'd 
lie  liiU'lv  n'lii- 


liirch  '.M,  ITSl. 

I    (ACClltf   llic 

uitiiii'^'  III  villi 


Uicir  jTiHi',  mid  (lirnii'^li  ilii'iii  tin'  -cn-c  ili:i!  yoiirrniiuiry 
ciiii'i'liiihs,  III'  till' iiiiiiiN  !>i;.MiMl  .-( rvici-  iiti'l'iiniMil  liy  m>ii 
in  llii'  viii'iiiii'i  \ 'I'll. I'll  .s  lliiit  yiiii  liii\i  nliiniin',!  hvit  the 
(iii'iiiii's  III'  till'  I'lnii'd  Sillies,  iiinl  iimri' ('iitriailv  in  ilii' 
laic  Wi'li-tinicd   liil:i!  ilcl'cal   '/\\c\\   in  lllr   Itl'ilih    li'i'ii|is   ill 

Sniilli  ( 'ai'oliii:i.  I  iiin  iliri'cti'ii  In  I'l  i|iii  si  nl'  vnit.  -ir,  tliiit 
Villi  will  ciiiiviv  III  till'  linivc  iilliriTs  iiiid  li'nii|i,i  iiiii|.  r 
yiiir  I  <Miiiii;iiiil  ill  llir  ii"liiiii  i>r  llii'  1  ;ili  III' .laiiiiiin.  lin- 
.■^rllM'  clllrrlailli'd  li\  lllr  lluliM'iil'  |)i  I'ualr- 111' llliir  Nilliil" 
and  <ivv;i\  scrvii'i'  mi  llial  nrra-inii, 

*•  Ha\ili,ir  tliii"^  di!ic'lini';^('d  my  iliily  In  llir  IIihim' i.l'  l»i|i'. 
^'ali'>i.  pii-init  tiic  to  laipriil  liiai  the  iihrnrliiiiiitc  stall' nf 
yiiiir  licallli  >liiiiild  dr|ii-i\i' lIu'  jmlilii' i<l'  ilnisr  (iiiiiiriit 
Hi'r\ici's  in  till' liild  uLiili  \nii  aiv  mi  riipalili' i.T  jicrfnrKi- 
iiiir.  I'i'l  mr  liiijH'  llial  it  will  iml  Ir  Imi;:  In  I'lii'''  n'liirn 
of  lirallli  will  n.-lnii   \u',i  In  llic  army  and  In  \niii'riiiiiilry. 

*■  1   have  till'  linlliU'  In  III', 

••  IiiniAiMi  lll^l(^    iii  i;.  Srr. 
"  llrigadiiT-fit'iii'iMl  Moi'iian.'' 

/■'null  (I'lirmmr  HhIJiiIiji' In  (IriKidl  Mnriiini. 

'■  CllKUAWf*.  .luii'.miy  2"i,  ITSt. 
*' Di'iir  Sir: — I  roi|iii's(  that  ymi  will  lie  pleased  to 
ncc'ciit  my  warini'st  and  most  cnnlial  I  hanks,  and  llial  \nti 
will  |in'>:i'iil  iIm'III  III  llir  ln'aM'  otllcrrs  and  mrii  iindii' 
yniir  command,  I'nr  the  irimd  cniidiict  and  iiilri'iiiility 
manircslrd  in  the  act  iunw  illi  liiciilcnanl-Cn!  iicl  Tarlclnii 
on  the  Kill  of  .laniiary.  This  total  dcfcal  of  clin-i'ii 
Urilish  troo|is,  liy  ii  iinmhcr  far  inferior  In  tluni,  will  fnr- 
cver  distiiiuni.-li  the  j;aliaiit  iiieii  liy  whom  ilu'  frlDi'lonji 
xielory  was  olitaiiicd  and  ciiilear  llieiii  iniheir  coiinii'v. 
Cnloiud  Pickens*  lii'Iiavinr  jiislilii'd  liie  i>|iininii  I  ha\e 
always  had  of  that  gallant  ollicrr.  I'jiclo-cd  is  a  liri.>:a- 
dicr't!  coiiiini.».>iuii,  of  which  1  de.-ire  his  accc|itaiicc, 

*•  I  am,  etc., 

'•.I.  lii-Ti.i:i)(ii;.'" 


1 


HM 


^itfl.vM  Mt  mm% 


|t|.  Jtlliltif  Pill  l't"i>|lMii>,,s  1,1'  n|i|tn  riiili.iii  iihil  "lt|igMlitl|» 
tu    IIm'   u!li)  ('!'«  tlHil    tllrll  nlloliMik     |iillt    ill    ill'  III. I)    iif 

t'<»HjHH«.     'I'Ikv  ilir.  i't.«l  Ifiat  II  ;((»l(|  tiudiil.  with  -iiitiilit 
iii-<rl|ili.»ii>',  ^lumM  lii>  iM'f.fiiini  111  Mui'piti,  i^.  (  •ildin  !- 
SV.Mliiiii;l''i|  and    lldwiiril  a  i^ih   r  hkiIuI,  iiipI    (h   .Nhijor 

'rii|ililt    I  -v.uhl. 

ll    Wil-  M'tU'cilv   <•    cl'-cMiOliltiil,       In  t'ii|lfit|»  IMli'tlMif  I  llU 

rf-|iiitivi'  iiiiiiiliiTs  i|iiiilit_v  uf  flj:lilin,i-' iiiiih  ii.il,  ilCv.  il 
Wii.-t  fi'i'liiiiil\  ihf  iiiii'^l  lirilli;iiil  iirtioh  ..f  tin-  war,  llud 
(ili'i'iic  hi'mitrhr  hU  iii-lii\  Willi  liiiii  lollic  Ciilinuliu.  iIim 
lnhMiip'  iif  ihiit  rivir  by  ('itriiuiilli<<  rmild  lia\i  'ivciii 
ritlliT    llllcrly   lli-|illli'il    iir   liiiliic   i^o  ill   U'lrnlH  IH   I   1    flllVr 

r(ini|i('ll('ii  iliiii  (ii'iuntl  Id  tail  hark  iiilo  |n\vi>i-  SoiiIIl 
Cariiiiiiii. 

liCHt  ,Miii';.f|iii  slmiild  Ih' ci\i  r-iiMii  ll  t'Vullcil,  (lu>  mvioiM 
liii'li'iM'il  lo  (ii-i  harp' their  lilllc  arrou-i 'if  cruiciMiii  hihI 
iiimiciiilit  at  (he  ('(iliiviiH  « Im,  fur  a  tiiin'.  hail  arri'.«li'(|  lliu 
aUi  iitiiiii  (if  llic  cniitiiiriii,  'rarli'ti)ii,  ,«iiiiijr  hy  .''<>  n>ii|. 
|il('l(' 11  rasti;ialiiiii  frmii  uiu- wlioiii  h'.-  aU'citiil  to  disjiiM', 
iin|Migii<  Mdr^iiin's  jiidjriiu'iif.  .u'liisinj;  liim  (d'  trimTiiy 
in  scli'ttiiisj  11  liilttlcdiclil  ilisailvaiitau'roii-'  loilit>  AiiU'ricaii 
ui'iiiy  iiiul  faMTahlc  lor  the  |lriii,»li. 

Ill,' savH  :  "'riu'  .«iiliiatioii  i>\'  \\u<  cnriny  wa-t  i'  iicnit* 
ill  ca-c  id'  a  iiii-i"orliiii('  ;  an  o|i(ii  coniiliy  and  a  river  in 
lliiir  nar,  threw  tiieiii  entirely  in  the  |io\ver  of  a  sw|ierior 
cavalry,  whild  llie  li;Lilit  irooji:,  |  |!i  iiidi  |,  in  caM  ol"  a  re- 
plll.-'c.  hail  the  cKiu'cliitioii  of  ii  iieijililioriii'j;  I'oir  ••  [('Mri! 
walli.s'ariny  I  to  jiiolv.t  ttu'iii  from  disl  ruction."  !■!  le- 
t'lii    tlocs    Hot    seclll    to  he   awaiv  of   the    recoil    of  I     .1 

criticism. 

.Morpiii,  in  a  few  vvonl-j,  jn-tilies  himself  from  tin? 
cliarirc  of  temerity,  ami  e-talp|i.dies  the  ripe  military  jiid;,'- 
iiicnt  that  lived  141011  the  lield  of  ('ou|)eiiN 

♦'I  would  not,"  .-^aid  lii',  "have  hud  a  swauiji  in  \iew  of 


i 


I'll  l>y  |ia>>r*»jy  i» 
tiriti  •ilttigMiiiiti 
I  ill'  lii.ti  i>f 
il.  vuih  -iiifiili(<' 
(ttn>  tie  riitolltlr* 
iiikI    |i»   Aliijtic 

iilflMiMII  III'  I  jiir 
lalt  liill,  i'li'..»  it. 
the  war,  iiiiil 
i>  Ctiluwiiit.  lli»< 
iilit  \u\<  Si'cm 
riiu-t  a-i  II  ImVf 
n   Imvi'i'  Soiitli 

('l|,   till'  t'llviolH 

f  ctiiiciMiii  iiikI 
mil  nrri'.-tid  ihr 
111;,'  liy  >">  niiii- 
■li'il  to  (Iis|i|-r, 
iin  of  ti'iiHTily 
n  the  AllU'riciill 

WiiM  i'  )M'nit;' 
iiikI  a  river  in 
•r  III'  a  sii|M'rinr 
ill  I'ii't  nl'  a  n- 
vj;  lorn-  fCurii 
el  mil."      i.,   i' - 

'(•oil     (if  '        1 

ILSrir  fnnil  I  lie 
'  lililitiilT  jml^'- 

aniji  ill  \i('\v  of 


Mono  A  V    SI  HoMK. 


IM)  mllltisi  MjMio  iiiiy  ioii!tii|i'r-.iii'>ii ;  llicy  would  huM-  mu«lu 
I'm*  fl,  .iii((  iMiihiti;;  ciMiM  ii.ivi-  ililiiiiivd  tliitn.  A<  lo 
rovn-iii;.,'  my  win,'-:  I  kluw  inv  imIw  isii's,  aipl  wa^  jni'- 
ri'i'ily»tuci'  I  A\t>nU\  hsiM'  iioihinu;  Inn  tlii\vi(-ri:jlii  li;.'liiiiiyr. 
A-  III  fhitit,  it  wa-i  iIm-  \i'ry  lliiiiu'  I  \'u-lii'il  lu  nil  ollf  all 
liii|K'o|'.  I  uoiijil  lia\i'  lliilliknl  't'ai'li't'ill  if  III'  liilil  Nil)-- 
loiitiiU'tl  tile  Willi  lit'' I'livaliy.  Il  N^'iiihl  lia\i>  li(M  II  liiitiM* 
tliiiii  pltiriii^  iiy  iHMi  hit  II  ill  till'  nai  to  .•IhmiI  iluwn  ilnt^u 
uliit  IiI'iiIm'  t'l'iiiii  the  rank/'. 

"  Wli.  h  iiii'ti  art-  fiirnd  In  li;:!ii,  llii_\  will  mI!  llrir 
IIms  a-*  tli'arly  iih  |iii«i.-ili|.'.  I  kiuMV  tlitit  ilir  ilr.ini  nj' 
'railrloii'-  fa\alr\  wmilil  ;:ivi'  iliir  wci^ilit  In  the  |irot(iiioii 
of  my  lia_\oin'ls  and  kii|i  my  triiii|if<  fi'iiii  lain  kin;.',  ii- 
HiifoidV  ri'Lriiiunt  liad  doni'. 

'•  Mad  I  rnm'^cd  ||ii>  riviT.  oiu-iuill'  nj'  tin'  iniliiju  wmild 
ittiiiii'diati'ly  liavi'  aluindiuu'd  tiii'," 

Siiiijily,  'riirii'tiiii  had  "  irfkniud  wiilmul  hi-  liu^t ;"  ho 
had  niiiK    In  ('(iW|icli'^  to  llii'cl  his  liiasUr. 

Ciiloiicl  1,(1'.  who  saw  hiiiisi  ir  '.,.|ii'l('s-ly  i('li|)<iO(l  t»y  tlio 
^lll^lldor  III' ('.iw|iciis  iiMrilii.'/)  .M(ir;.Mir,s  dchrniiiuilioii  to 
li'.dii  'rurlctoii  III  a  •'**iiildi'ij  tit  of  il!-ti>in|K'r,  whii'h  ov'pr* 
niliil  the  i.ii;;';;i'.-tii)ii:M)i"  Morfjuij'a  touml  and  di-xin-imina- 
tiii  ■■  jnd^riiiciit." 

Hi''  masti-rly  rctrwit,  lu'l'm't'  so  iipcrior  an  « iiciiiy,  ua.s 
liroiioiini'i'd  ••  luiraculoiH." 

I.cc  likcwi-o  acciMi's  him  id"  <|iian'('liiiij  with  flrcciu',  of 
fihowiiiLT  il  di-rcir.ird  for  ih  sil'i'ly 'd'  ihi'  main  iiddy  of 
tlic  army.  DoiiiiMc--  he  lial  ivasoii  fur  sniiic  riirioiH 
lli.iimhl,^  ol' his  ( 'iiniiiuuidiii;^'  <  Jciu'riil,  Inil  iiiMv  is  no 
liiiiol'  lliaf  any  jairiii;.'  words  passc'd  hciwicii  llii'in  ;  their 
;-iihsi'(|ii('iil  fdrrcHiMiiidiiu'c  iiitiivly  (•oiitradicts  such  an 
assertion.*     l-'or  lua^jnaiiiiiiilv  Mor<'aii  rani.-  wiih  Wadi- 

His  iiKilives  lor  leaving' the  yrviee  were  al-o  iinpu^ar'il  ; 
il  was  insinuated    thai    his  illdiealth  was  lei'^iied.     'I'lio-C 
*    /,(('.«  JA'  iiiiii'H  ■lull  (I'lii/i^nit'.s  IJff  ('l'  .]ft'i;/  '11. 

ii 


'4m 


MtMIHAX   AT  IIOMK. 


titv  the  sniiill  inftMt'Hit iiN  «>r  *im\\  iiiIihU,  i'oi»lmiU> «»•»! 
t),v  ihcintNil  ulivioim  tiwi*  mitt  iiiMiivvM  of  ttit<  iti*f.  unit  tn 
•  lirrtt  ii|i|iiti«iiii»M  to  lliv  »  \|iri"^  ii.«i  I'tiium  of  Moiuun  liitii* 
n.'lf.  \iv  wiM  uf  i,{\\' r  "iiiiy  lliiiii  llial  uhiili  m.ik.^  li.iii 
mill  liv|itH'rit«'>*f 

ItttMi'roft  wiy»  s  "A  wm-h-  hHuiK  uI"  luiiii'  rli«Mtiitiiii,.i»i, 
riMi(tiir|ii'  lit  nil  tin-  i'\|iusiirii<r  llii'  mill  riiriiii'r«'mii|>iii;'ii*, 
ftiiTi'il  liiiii  I"  liil^t'  li'ii^t'  "f  al'Miii't',  Wluri'Vi'i"  III'  liihl 
iilHKiinil,  lit'  liiul  iilwtiy-t  liinil«l«il  llu'  way  ItuhniiiK  ml'mn. 
lie  lli-i  iitlraili.l  iiiiciiliiMi  ul  Mo-tnii.  wii-i  rori'tiiiMt  mi 
iIr-  iiiiircli  ilir<>iij;li  ilif  wililiriiiM<  ii>  CiiiinLi.  iiinl  run- 
niiml  to  liikf  (imlur  liy  ^titrm.  !!'•  l"'i''  ill''  l>ni»il  "f 
I'Vi-ry  t'li^ii^ri'iiifnl  willi  Mm'piMii''"  iiniiy.  nml  now  li.'  iiinl 
Willi  tin'  iii't-t  I'Mi'iinnliitiiiy  victory  <>t'  ilu'  "m'.  lift  "'k 
willi  liiiii  into  i-iiirriiii'iit  the  |intUiM(tr  till  llif  iiriiiy  mitl 

of    llll't'llicl'  CINil    |V|ll'l«flltlltivi'l4    Ol'   till'    CiMllltfV.       A^'aiii 

mill  u'.'iiiii  hiMH'=t  n»M'  liiiil  lif  nii^'lit  oikv  iiii>r.  ii|t|i<'m'  in 
iinii.i;  l)iil  llif  iiiir.'iiiilin;.'  iiiiilmly  "liliu'ril  limi  Itinl'iiM' 
the  iiivitiitinnol'  \.\i  Kiiyclic  anil  "'vi'ii  of  \Va-liiiiu;t"n.'' 

'I'lii-i  liisl  wii-i  iriif  inolTnl  t!iiiii;.'li  in'l  litiTiilly  :  lie  lonk 
llic  llcM  lit  tilt'  iirjrt'iit  wilifituliim  III'  ia  iMivrilc  ami  uf 
(JuviTiiur  .li'lTtT.-on,  iliirinj.'  iIh'  m>'J.'''  "f  Vrnklnwii.  IphI, 
woon  hucLUiulK'tl  l(j  his  ilislivtsiii.1,'  inaliuly. 


I,  roHlrmUi  led 

|l<  t'UM'.  iitut    ill 

f  Mormiii  liiti»« 

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mrniiii|Hiiv'ii% 
urivii'  III'  li;i>l 
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Uiir.  Il«'i;nik 
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iiiiiU'v.  Airaiii 
iiiin  ii|i|i('iir  ii! 
Iiiiii  lit  I't  I'li'i' 
I'li'liiii;;!'!!!.'' 
i'l'MJIy  ;  lit'  look 

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Canadian  Institute  for  Historical  Microreproductions  /  Institut  canadien  de  microreproductions  historiques 


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xxvni.-irsi. 

GllKENE'S  UK  rUKAT  ACUaSS  TIIK  DAN. 

TURNING  over  (ii'iicrul  (JrcciifV  Irlk'i's  Id  WiisIiiiiL.'- 
tdU  jil'li  I"  C'owiK'iis.  wc  I'liiil  iiinkr  (liilr  (if  Jiiii.  'M. 
''Caiii|'  111"  KciiuH  •  ■" :  " 'I'lio  I'vi'iil  is  Lrldi'ioiiv.  iind  1  jnu 
cxt'i'i'iliii;.'ly  uiilmppy  that,  (iiir  wictclicil  ((iiidiliini  will 
iiiit  ]K'niiit  of  our  iiiipnisiiijj:  it  to  tliu  la'St  iitlvaiitiiuc. 
1  sliall  do  all  lean,  l)iit  our  prosiR'i'ts  arc  filooiiiy.  Our 
force  is  snsall  aiul  daily  di'eliiiiiiii'.  Wo  have  no  elotliiii>( 
or  provisions  hut  wliat  we  eolleet  from  day  to  day." 
On  January  •.'S,  four  tlays  after  hearing';  of  Cowjiens,  ••! 
liave  the  satisfaelion  to  transmit  to  your  Kxeelleiiey  a 
letter  from  15ri<i-adier-Geiieral  Mor<ran.  ainiouneinj;-  llie 
total  defeat  of  r/ieuteiuuit-Colouel  'i'ai'Ictoii.  The  vic- 
tory was  eomplete  and  the  aetion  jilorious.  The  bril- 
liancy and  success  with  which  it  was  i'';u;4lit  does  the 
liijrhest  honor  to  the  American  arms,  and  adds  splen- 
dor to  the  charucter  of  the  (ieiierai  and  his  ollieers. 
I  am  unhappy  that  the  distressed  couilition  of  this  army 
will  not  admit  of  our  improving  the  advantage  wo  have 
gained."* 

Under  date  of  February  1),  (Juilford  V.  II.,  KSi, 
General  (Ireeiie  gives  tiie  reason  for  leaving  his  army  and 
riding  in  haste  into  ^[organ's  camp  at  Sherrald's  Ford. 
Jle  says  :  '"I  set  out  to  join  the  light  infantry  in  order 
/()  rolh'cf  ihc  iiiHilia  ami  embarrass  the  enemy  till  \\^ 
could  elfeet  a  junction  of  our  foices."  f 

*  KfiifkH  Ck,'..  Viil.  IH,  i)p.  211-218. 
\  Spiir/.M'  ('or.,\'><\.Ui,  \t.)i-ir,. 


«p 


iG8 


(iitr.r.NK's  lurruKAT  acuoss  tiu:  han. 


Wc  liiivc  iilrciiily  rci'crnd  to  tlic  (liHiciilty  of  |M>rsimi1inff 
till;  iiiilitiu  rnmi  tlu'ir  iii,'ricultui'iil  ditties  iit  tins  jiiiuliiri', 
I)iit  (ic'iiinil  Duv'h'.soii'h  iiilliu'iico  Imd  cnlKitt'il  nlioiit 
I'i^'li!  liiiiMlnd  iiii'ii,  will)  were  postid  ;it  llic  iliilri'iiil  lords 
(pf  till'  ('iitiiwl)ii.  Wiu'ii  .Muniiiii  t'oiiiid  llmt  ('uriiwalli . 
would  ri'i'taiiily  ci'uss  the  C-'aluwlia  in  a  low  lioiirs,  lii' 
iiiovi'd  away  tnwaitls  tlic  Yadkin,  liaving  liiveiie  behind 
til  "c'ulli'i't  till'  iiiiliti;  and  cniliarrass  tlir  cin'niy."  IJoii- 
cral  (jivi'iK!  cnndiicli'd  im  purl  id'  tlu-  nlivat  of  Morgan's 
I'orco,  bill  followed  him  to  the  Yadkin  two  days  after. 

The  patriot  leader  Davidson,  with  four  hundred  inilitia. 
took  post  at  McOowau's  Ford,  a  short  distaiiee  below 
Sherrald'.s  Ford,  where  .Morgan's  army  Imd  lain,  lie 
resolved  to  dis|)u;e  as  long  as  ixtssible  the  crossing  of 
Cornwallis,  or  at  lea4  inllict  as  heavy  a  loss  ui)on  l\im 
us  possible.  (Ireene  writes;  "The  enemy  crossed  at 
McOowan's  Ford,  where  General  Davidson  was  posted 
with  the  greatest  part  of  the  militia,  irho  jird  at  the  firnt 
(lisr/inrf/c.  The  enemy  made  good  the  landing,  and  the 
niilil  ia  retreated.  A  jilace  of  rendezvous  was  appointed 
for  the  militia  to  collect  at,  who  wore  posted  at  the  dif- 
ferent fords  lip  and  down  the  river  above  thirty  miles. 
Part  of  them  halted  about  seven  miles  short  of  the  place 
of  rendezvous,  and  were  overtaken  by  Tarleton  and  dis- 
]iersed.  I  waited  that  night  at  the  jdacc  appointed  for 
the  militia  to  collect  at  till  morning;  but  not  a  man 
appeared."*  This  is  an  error  that  does  injustice  to  the 
militia  and  to  tlu^  vali.int  Davidson  who  stood  tu  his  post 
and  there  yielded  up  his  life  Tor  his  country- 
It  was  abrave  risk  that  ('(-rnwallis  took  in  the  darkness 
of  that  winter  morning,  to  cross  a  stream  "five  hundred 
yard^  wide,  two  to  foui'  feet  dee]),  and  with  a  current  so 
rapid  as  to  reiiuire  the  greatest  care  and  exertions  on  tln5 
part  of  those  crossing  to  prevent  being  swept  away." 
Davidson  discovered  their  approach  and  opened  firo 
*  SpaH'f,'  Cor.,  Vol.  HI.  p.  22G. 


r- 


v 


ii:  i»AN. 

illy  of  iMTsiiiuliiif!; 
*  lit  tins  jimcliii'i', 
follnli'il  iilioiit 
111'  iliilVrtiil  lords 
i  that  C'oi'iiwiilli - 
11  lew  li(iiir.-i,  he 
ig  tiivciie  bell  ill!  I 
ir  c'lii'iiiy."  Va'U- 
livat  of  Moryuu'.s 
wo  (lays  after. 
!•  liuiulreil  inilitiii, 
't  di.--taiiee  belnw 
y  liiul  lain,  lie 
■  the  crossing  of 
a  loss  u])(tn  liiiii 
'iiciiiy  cro.-sed  ut 
idson  WHS  posted 

0  jird  at  the  first 
landing,  and  the 
us  was  appointed 
posted  at  the  dif- 
)ovc  thirty  miles, 
diort  of  the  plaee 
Tarlcton  and  dis- 
acc  appointed  for 
;  but  not  a  man 
OS  injustice  to  the 
)  stood  tu  his  post 
itry. 

;)k  in  the  darkness 
un  "  five  luuidrcd 
with  a  current  so 
d  exertions  on  tliO 
jwopt  away." 

1  and  opened   fire 
2(i. 


T 


I 


(litFKNK's   KKTIIKAT   ACItOH-S  TIIR  DAK. 


H)'J 


upon  them  wi-en  they  had  reached  the  middle  of  tlio 
.-ftn'ain.  'I'htirguidr  iheiideserled  t!ie  Hriii:-!!,  and  lliis 
circuni-tance,  whicii  ul  first  appeared  to  be  a  cahimity, 
ensured  their  safety.  'They  no  longer  I'olldweil  I  lie  lord 
but  ke|it  their  way  dir(>elly  across  tlie  sireani.  and  lanih'd 
at  a  point  about  four  hnndred  yards  above  tiie  spot  wlieie 
Davidsttn  expected  them.  1,'Mrning  the  turn  id'  all'aii's, 
he  I'loved  upon  thcui  and  opened  a  severe  lire  upon  the 
IJrilisli  advance  guard.  Afler  a  sharp  action  in  wiiieii 
the  enemy  lost  sixty  killed  and  many  wounded  and  swept 
away  liy  the  current,  Davidson  was  nioimling  ids  hoive  lo 
brir.g  otf  his  detachnieni,  when  a  iirilisii  ImiIIcI  pierced 
liim  and  1  ■  fell  dead.* 

Inevituldy,  the  militia,  left  without  a  leader,  scattered; 
and  of  the  eight  hunii?'ed  collected  by  Davidson,  Iml  threo 
hundred  n  ported  at  the  appointed  rcnd'.'zvoiiz  al  Tarrant's 
'i'a.erii,  where  Tarlcton  was  quickly  njion  them.  This 
dissolved  the  whole  body.  We  might  reasonably  expect 
that  (leneral  (ireeiic  would  have  ben  at  the  ford  with 
Davidson,  or  at  least  at  the  rendezvous  at  Tarrant's 
Tavern,  ten  miles  from  the  Cat.iwl)a.  but  he  was  at  neither 
place ;  he  stopped  at  the  house  of  a  .Mr.  Carr,  sixteen 
mdes  away.  As  "not  a  man  ajipearcd,'' he  rode  on  to 
Salisbury  and  alighted,  worn  and  exhausted,  at  the  door  of 
the  tavern.  ''  What,  alone  !  fieneral  (Jreene  ?"  asked  an 
ollicer  who  was  expecting  him. 

"Yes,  hungry,  penniless  and  aloiu',"  added  (ireene. 

Here  occurred  the  incident  so  often  told  of  dreeiu', 
when  the  landlady  In-ought  her  little  st(,rc  o:  gold,  hoarded 
for  tlie  dire  extremiiies  of  those  evil  times,  and  gave  him 
all.  Likewise,  alter  supper,  (h-eene  noticed  on  the  wall  a 
])icture  of  King  George,  which  he  turned  with  its  face  to 
the  wall  and  wrote  upon  it,  "Hide  thy  face,  (Jeorgc,  and 
blush." 

Ho  followed  and  overtook  ^lorgan  at  the  Yadkin,  and 
*  Umhams  Life  of  Mt/ryan. 


1^^ 


x'io 


(iuki:m;',h  iirntic.vT  AciuHrt  thi:  i»an. 


writi'H  :  "  Ae  fnoii  u.'.  I  iirrivc(|  at  I  lie  iufaiitiy  •■iiiiip,  /  irrnffl 
lif/ifs  (()  nil  llir  mililiii  oHiccrs  ovci'  llic  iiioimtaiii.s  to 
j-nilifKly  IJK'ir  nun  uml  join  llu'  army.    Very  i'tw  liavc 

jnilu'il  ll.x." 

(ii'ci'iio  had  wi'idcn  In  \av  Io  liaxtrn  his  jniiclinn  wiih 
tlir  lii'iiiy,  saying,  "IKiv  is  ii  liiu'  lli'ld  mid  fjri'ut  gli>ry 
ahead, "  Iml  ai'lir  joiiiin^r  all  t'orccs  al  (inill'nrd,  ('i|iial  it' 
not  ^qvati'i'  than  that  of  Cnrnwailis,  hi'  declined  u  halt lu 
and  aiinoinu'i'd  his  iiiti'iition  to  ('(>uliiiiic  liiu  ivtroat  ovor 
till'  Dan  into  Virjjinia,  whore  ho  fxpc'cti'd  fnrthcr  ri'in- 
forcciMiiits, — a  ki'i'M  disa|iiioiiitincnl  to  his  oHicriv,  ('S|u'- 
cially  iho.-c  who  u.  ic  tVi'sli  I'nun  the  licid  of  ('ou|U'n.<  and 
i'ii;n'r  attain  to  inoasuru  swords  witli  tlif  cnrniy.  tlitimson 
says;  " 'I'lic  lallcn  ntiinlcnancos  of  his  oflleorH  proolaiMii'd 
tlu'ir  disa|)|i()in)ni(  lit."' 

llcfori'  Icavinj;  the  army  Morgan  had  indicated  his 
prol'i'i'oni'i'  for  his  siucL's-icir  as  comniandcr  of  I  lie  lijiht. 
troiip-i.     Ill"  had  named  his  I'riond  ("(done!  0.  II.  Williams. 

Tlie  ijiiestion  now  was,  how  to  make  tlie  passajre  of  tlio 
Dan,  for  (,'ornwallis  liad  j,'ained  its  M]»|ier  fords;  hut 
Carrinjftoii,  (Jreene's  ((nartormaster  and  a  most  etllciint 
ollieer,  su^'iresteil  that  the  army  cross  hy  llu-  Inwer  lords, 
on  rafts  and  houts  which  ho  had  assomhled  tiioro.  C'ohmcl 
Williams  with  his  lif^lit  infantry  protected  the  roar,  ami 
(irecno  and  hid  wholo  army  were  i)assed  t-ul'cly  over  tiio 
Dan. 

"  Unt  for  C'arrinjiton's  onorfry  and  punctuality  in  col- 
lecting'tlio  hoats  upon  the  Dan,  the  retreat  which  saved 
the  South,  would  have  l)con  its  ruin."*  It  is  somewhat 
diflieult  to  understand  iiow  (irecne's  retreat  saved  the 
South.  It  would  have  heen  "helter  in  the  hreach  than 
the  ohsorvance,"  since  it  abandoned  the  Candinas  once 
more  to  the  British  and  royalists,  who  uprose  and  returnod" 
to  their  evil  deeds.  Tarleton  says:  "Having  chafed 
Greene's  army  out  of  North  Carolina,  the  king's  standard 
*  Greene' it  Life  of  Grtcnc. 


ii;  i»AN. 


iiui;r:Ni;'.i  ui;Tiri:.VT  Adtoss  tiii;  ha.v. 


-v  I  1 


lli(>  iii(<uiil:iiii.s  to 
Vt'ry  I'tw   liiivo 

his  jlllU'linll   will) 

I  mill  j;n'iil  f,'l'>rv 
(iiiill'iird,  ('i|iial  it' 
:  tk'cliiu'd  u  Imttk' 
ic  lliu  ivti'oat  oNcr 
■tt'd  further  ri'iii- 
liis  otliccr-',  ('S|H'- 
il  ot'  ('ow|U'ii,j  and 
ciii'iiiy.  .liihiiM>ii 
illicors  pruchiiiucil 

lad  iiulicati'd  his 
idcr  of  I  lie  lijiht 
L'l  0.  II.  Williams. 
:ho  passajrc  of  tho 
ilipor  fords ;  hut 
1  a  most  olUciiiit 
\;  I  III-  lower  fords, 
:'d  there.  Coh)iiel 
Med  the  rear,  iiiid 
'd  Kulely  over  tiie 

iinctuality  in  col- 
treat  whieh  saved 
*  It  is  somewhat 
retreat  saved   the 

tlie  hreaeh  tlian 
le  Candinas  oiiee 
)rose  and  returned 

"Having  elia^ed 
e  king's  standard 


was  raised    at    Ilill>lMiroiigli,"      Haiieroft  nays:    "Seven 
i'limiiaiiirs  were  formed  iii  one  day." 

Frn'ii  the  Man,  (intiic  wrnle  :  "  I  wi-h  it  was  in  my 
)>u«ir  to  give  _\oiir  I'lxei'llcin'y  mure  l!uilt'rin;_'  Mrcinmls 
finm  this  i|narler.  IIouimt.  my  iitino-t  I'Viriinos  .--luil! 
he  cnntinued  io  save  tlieiiu  Slates.  I  shall  he  hapiiy  A  my 
eiiiidiiet  meets  with  your  a|i|iri)hatioii,  <ih  mif  nihutliiui. 
ti(l'iinls  Dir  110  pvosjini  of  jwrsinial  ijlory."'  Being  heavily 
reiiifnreed  hy  Virginia  militia,  (Ireene  reentsscd  the  Dan. 
Finding  his  force  more  than  twice  that  of  Cornwallis, 
(irei'iic  essavcil  a  hattle  at  (iuilford  ('.  II. 

Mis  )ilan  of  hatlle  was  «omewlmt  at  fault,  his  threu 
divisions  iteing  posted  at  too  great  a  distance  to  properly 
siip|tort  each  other.  Likewise  concorniiig  the  militia. 
"(Ireene  had  always  dill'ered  from  Washington  on  the 
proper  manner  of  using  ndlitia  ;  the  former  thought  they 
should  he  used  as  a  reserve  to  improve  an  advantage,  hut 
(iieeuf  insisted  that  they  ought  to  he  placed  in  front."* 
(iaies  had  done  the  .same  thing  at  Camden,  (ireene  tliere- 
hn-e  formed  his  front  line  of  North  Candina  militia,  who, 
Jlildreth  says,  Avere  so  posted  as  a  putiishmtMit  for  sus- 
pected loryisin.  "Food  for  powder!"  At  the  first  tiro 
they  lied,  throwing  away  arms,  knapsacko  and  canteens. 

The  heroes  i'f  C'owpens  were  there,  and  fought  spU'n- 
didly  ;  hy  British  admission,  they  were  at  the  jjoint  of 
victory  when  an  ill-limed  retreat  was  ordered,  leaving  tho 
field,  the  artillery  and  the  glory,  to  the  British,  who  pur- 
sued f(»r  three  miles.  (Jreeno  retreated  ten  miles,  to 
Trouhlesome  Creek,  and  fainted. 

He  had,  however,  accomplished  his  jjurpose,  which 
was.  he  said,  "  to  encumher  his  enemy  with  wounded."  f 
A  fourth  of  the  Briti.li  army  was  disahled,  including  their 
hest  oHicers — Tarleton,  Stewart  and  Weltster,  m(n-tally. 

The   British   were   so  weakened   hy  their  victo'-y  that 
Cornwallis  fell  leisurely  hack  and  down  towards  "Wilming- 
*  Bancroft,  Vol.  X.  t  Johnson. 


a:^ 


OIlKKNK'rt   UirritKAT  AC'llOSS  Till;   DAN. 


ton.  (irt'fiic  r<illow»(l  im  leisurely,  iim  rar  in  |»ei  p  |{i\er, 
lintl  llieiv^'iue  over  the  |»iu'«uil.  — coiiics  to  tlie  ('otielii,<>iiiii 
to  pUMJi  "hold!)"  into  Soiirh  ('iir(»liiiu  uml  let  C'ormviilliH 
Ro  l<»  '•  ilalil'nx,"  or  wherever  lie  will. 

JoliiiHoii    relulos  how  "(ii ne  ufterwiinls   found  out 

(hat  he  Mii;,'lii  liav(>  overtaken  ami  iiiiif-t  have  (leMm^jcd 
Coniwttllis." 

(iieeiie  coiiiiniiiiieate.s  to  ^Vll.^Illll^'^()n  IiIh  purpose  to 
"Hurpritie"  Uawdou  at,  I'ainden,  and  iiddn  :  ••  I  Hhall  take 
every  nioiisiire  to uvoid  a  nii^foitiuu' ;  hut  nccecHily  ol.hV'e.H 
me  to  eoiiiiiiit  myself  to  eliancMiiid  I  trust  my  frieiidn 
will  do  jiisticu  to  my  repiitulictii  if  imv  aeeiileiit'  attends 
me."* 

L'nI'ortiinately  (freono  wrote  lelteiM  whieli,  passing' 
tliroii;,di  an  iii-friciidly  eotintiy.  fell  iiit<i  hands  for  wliiih 
they  were  not  intended,  HO  that  Lord  Kawdon  at  v 'amdiii 
fn'ly  oxpeided  !ind  wiw  ready  to  receive  him,  L'nal.le  to 
Ktorm  the  works,  (Ireerie  look  a  stroii;,'  position  near  Cam- 
den, at  Iloiikirk's  i!ill.  His  force  wuh  nearly  two  tlionsaiid. 
Lord  ifawdon,  with  nine  hniidred,  eoiieliided  to  surprise 
Greene,  who  was  takinjr  a  not  over  early,  or  over  "  lia.My," 
onp  of  cofTee.  on  the  morn iiif?  of  April  v'Htli.  This  he 
did.  A  sharp  action  ensued,  when  (Jreetie  retreiilid,  hav- 
in<?  sut!ered  a  loss  of  three  liundred.  The  British  lost 
al)oiit  the  .same  nnml'er.  (ireene  wrote:  "Had  wo  de- 
feated the  enemy,  not  a  man  of  the  parly  would  have  ^'ot 
Imck  into  the  town  ;  the  disf];race  is  more  vexatimis  than 
anythinpf  else." 

Hut  Marion  had,  in  reality,  taken  Camden  two  days 
liefore  the  hattlo  of  Hohkirli's  Mill.  He  had  invesl.d 
I''ort  Wat.son,  on  Wright's  Hliilf,  helow.  The  hint!  v  as 
forty  feet  hijj;li,  and  the  {,'arrisoii  over  one  liundred.  ,Ma- 
rion's  men  felled  trees  and  built  towers  hi;jli  enou^^h  to 
command  the  fort,  und  compelled  u  surrender.  This  was 
the  conneetinpf  post  between  Camden  and  Charleston,  so 
*  Sparku'  dnTiitpomlcuci',  Vol.  Ill,  p.  279. 


III.    KA.V. 


OIIKI'NI'.N   ItnilDAT    \(|t(»HS    IIIK    l>.\N. 


ir:» 


ill-  in  M.'ip  lliMv, 

<  I"  the  (•oiii'iii.'iiiii 
mil  III  C'urinviilli,-! 

'uards   f(»iiii(l  Dill 

>l    IlIlM'   (Icsli'ii^t'il 

II  liin  |)iirpi)yt>  to 
"!h  :  '•  I  HJiali  Uiki' 
I  iK'ci'CKily  nhliHfcM 
Iriisl,  my  I'ricmls 
.•  m'l'iilciil  allciiils 

<  wliicli,  piis-^in;,' 
I  lia!i(l<i  j'or  wliii  li 
nvilmi  III  v'aiiiilcii 

him,  iriialilc  to 
iisitioii  near  Cam- 
arly  two  tliuiisand. 
•liidc'd  to  (^iiriH'iso 
,  or  over  "  lia.stv," 
I  :i8tli.  Thi/lR. 
lie  n'trciiUd,  lia\- 

Tho  Uritish  l..st 
\v  :  "  I  fad  wn  dc- 
y  would  liavt'  ^'ot 
ro  vcxalioiLs  lliaii 

'amdi'ii  two  days 
III'  liad  iiivcsli'd 
^  The  Idiiir  vas 
10  liiiiidi'i'd.  ,Ma- 
.s  lii;i;li  ('iioii;;li  to 
t'lidi'i".  Til  is  wan 
iid  C'liark't-toii,  .so 
,  1).  279. 


thai.  Iii'ai'ini;  of  it.s  I'.ili,  |ji>rd  Uawdoii  at  omc  ordircd  llio 
ili'xi ruction  of  Ids  Koikn  and  iIh'  i'\iu'iia'ioii  of  ('aiiiditi, 
TliiH  wii^  May  loili.  (Mi  May  I  lili,  Oniic'cliui'^li  Diir* 
ri'iidrri'd  to  (ii'iura!  Siimlrr.  (hi  llic  r.'lli,  .Marion  and 
Unit  liravo  woman,  Wilfna  Motic,  drint-  ilii>  llrilixli 
tVoin    Imii'I     Molli-.      Siiinltr    look     Tori    (iraiiliy.    and 

Le iii|Kll('d    till'   ^'ut'ii-^oii   of    AiigiLxia   to  ('a|iiliilati', 

JaiM'  oil). 

(irtt'iii'  mtaiiwltik'  altiiiiplH  Niiir|y-Si\,  and  niiiki'.s 
fi'iirfnl  work  of  it  ;— woi'su  llian  a  Idtindir,  it  wa.i  ii 
cri'iic. 

AllackiiiLr  till'  fiicmy  in  tin'  rrar,  and  niliiiin;,'  llii- 
Hnialli  r  |)o>Ih,  Marion  and  Sumii'r  liad  l<y  .Inly  rompillt'd 
llii'  Hiili>li  to  I'viu'uati'  tlie  Htmnj,'  iioct^  of  tliu  iipinr 
t'oiinlry,  and  llii'y  witc  now  {oiilint'd  to  llic  narrow  dis- 
trirt  iictwi't'ii  till' Saiili'i' and  lowiT  Snxannali.  'I'liis  waH 
llic  policy  lulvocali'il  from  Ilii;  llr^t  by  Mor^jrau  ;  tlio  Hi'ipicl 
jii'ovcs  it,s  wisdom. 

Ilancnd't  wilLsay.s  of  llii.-*  campai;:ii  :  "  WliatcNcr  win 
tichiovcd,  war.  uchii'vcd  liy  Amcrii  uih  alono,  and  /;// 
Amm'nnis  of  lliv  Sonl/i."  Mcanlimc.  tlic  intcrcst.s 
of  the  Southern  department  had  heeu  Ininsfcrrcd  to 
\\iii\n\ii. 

Coiiiwallis  having  refroshed  his  liallcred  army  and  re- 
inforced al  \Vilminj,'ton.  called  a  council  of  olliccrs  to 
deciile  wliellicr  lo  return  to  l!ie  dcfeiuc  of  what  ho  had 
already  iictpiired.  or  march  up  through  North  (.'arolina 
into  Virginia.  Tarlcion  warmly  opposeil  a  march  into 
Virginia,  and  coiinseleil  u  roturn  to  South  Carolina.  Mut 
Cornwallis  was  sick  of  tho  Carolimis,  and  hoped  now  llekKs 
would  bring  him  new  laureln. 

l-p  through  I  he  wlnde  length  of  the  State,  harrying 
and  terril\iiig  the  people,  Cornwallis,  with  two  thousand 
Iroopn,  marched,  "  wiili  no  opposition  which  an  advanced 
cuard  under  'i'arlelon  did  not  easily  overcome  ;"   reaching 


•,'T4  iiuk.hnk'h  iiKiiii:\r  m  ihwh  tiii;  i»a.h. 


llalifiix, '•  liin  lr"M>|i)4  Will'   lit  \h»h-  Iu  n.inind  I'Momiilli'rt 
lllllt   Ui'tV  U  it !.<<;{ I Uri'  til  llti'  tilUlli-  Iff   lllitll."^ 

Kaily  in   Muy  lu' jniiu-il  I'uri'i'i  with  l'liilli|c  at  I'liiii*- 
liiir^li,  mill  fiiiinil  liiiiini'lf  "iit  the  Inuij  nf  nfwu  llinti<aii«l 

clTnliM'  iiii'ii,  aiitl  Willi  riilii' iili-nl  nf  till'  watir,  vv|iili< 

l.a   l-'a)t'IU'   liail  iii>t  a  tliiril  of  thai    tuiiiilior  to  ti|ijiu«u 
mil. 

•  Jiii'iirofl,  Vi.l  X,  |i.  1H.V 


MAN. 


>hiiiiil  t'iiorniilk>i 
'liilli|Hat   I'l'li'M* 

»f  HiVl'll   tlinllMiml 
till'  WIlttT,    wllili' 

iiiiiltvr  ti*  op|iu«u 


\XI\.-IVH|. 

MoiKiAN  A(}ArN  IN  Tlli-:  SIOIIVICK. 

Al  'I'KK  It  fiirliiii;;li  <ii'  l»ii  niontlm  ni  lioriic.  Iiii^  licaltli 
Ih  in;;  in  a  inca'^iiiv  rciti'latcd,  uiul,  Mi'«'in;(  (ifiu  ml 
lirciiic  lianl  |>ii>lii'<l  at  llnlikirkV  Hill,  .Mmyan  had  ri'- 
HtUcil  Id  repair  al  onri-  li»  his  ramp,  .hist  ni  thl^  lirnc, 
lioWi'ViT,  Miiy  ITHl,  III.'  alariniii;,'  ctati' of  tliinK"*  in  V'ir- 
^'iiiiii  callcil  for  the  proinpt  iind  vigoroiu  hcrviuu  uf  all  lior 

fedllS. 

In  .Fttntiary  nf  ITHj.  wliil«f  Mor^ran  was  lioforc  Oirii- 
walli.s  HI  Siinlli  Carulina,  Arnold  invadi'd  Vii^iMia  willi 
fixtciti  hiindi'i'il  niiMi.  captnnil  Kichnidnd  and  dcslroyiil 
an  ininii'nsi-  aninnni  nj'  pnlilic  and  private  pmperlv.  in 
Mareh,  Phillips  joined  Arnold  with  two  thousand  Mntish 
fnini  New  York,  and  the  whole  conntry,  liclween  tlio 
riviTs  .James  and  York,  was  wasled  and  Iturnod.  \'ir;!:iniu 
haviiif,'  drained  lior  rosournos  to  Kti('nK'''eii(lreene'8  army, 
with  the  hope  that  Cornwullis  would  he  tlestroyed  or 
drisen  hack  to  the  nea,  was  illy  prepared  to  resist  tho 
present  powerful  invasion. 

Washington  Hcnl  Lii  Fayetle  l(»  tho  reseiu'.  ami  tliou};h 
he  was  ur;,'enfly  pr-'ssed  to  eonie  liimsell'  to  the  helpoj'  hiM 
own  Stale,  he  declined  to  move  from  the  hi-hlands  o!  I  he 
Hudson. 

He  hoped  much  from  the  iidluenco  of  La  Fayetle.  in 
Hultimorc  the  Manpiis  was  warmly  received,  and  tendered 
the  most  elepint  hospitaliliea  its  citizens  c(»uM  command. 
He  declined  these  expensive  honors,  and  lie;rji;cil  in.-tead, 
Ihat  the  ladies  of   Itaitimore  wmtld  assemhle  and  ply  tlnir 


m 


MoltitAN    ,\UAIN    IN    TIIK  HKUVHK. 


|tiilrl'»fi«»  in'tiiliK  to  ilutlii'  hi'*  iitiki'il  HoMii  f.— liitiiTlf 
i'liniuhiii^  till'  niiittriiiU.  "  IIimIii  >v  u>  Ui*  A>U',  i\*  \tiliiii- 
li'tTx,  jfiilluiil  yoiiii;^  nun,  nnninlril  ini  iIm  ir  tiwii  lnu>i'H, 
from  .Mur)!iuiil  mnl  \  iijriiiin.  Vonili.  p  iifM^iry,  n»nr« 
iiyi>  mill  pridli  nrt',  wt'iT  hit  «|hl|H  of  |niMniif<iun,  IIU 
|i(>t'ri'|)tinii-*  ui i'l-  i|ni>'k,  lii«  \i;.'iliin('i'  nrvt'f  fiiilol,  iin>l  in 
III*  iiU'tliotU  of  ^iiiiiiiiM  infonniitioii  of  llii>  niovttiu  nt'<  of 

tllf    tiHin.V,    llf    I'M'tllitl    all    ollliri'4    of     till'    Will',   i\tr|it 

Wio«|iiii;,'toii  mill  Moipin.     All  urronnie*  Ihui-  (I'-linionv  lo 
liLs  priiilt'iict',  mill  iliiii   lii>  nt'vcr  ont'o  I'oniniiltctI  liiiiiM'l; 
ilnriiiKii  M'r\  tlilllciiH  (■unipai;,^!,"*    'rmii^ton  Ik-uih  wilh»'M 
to  llii>4  In  IiIh  •■('ani|iai;;n." 
Ai'i'ivihg  ill  Uirlinioml,  Li  l*'a}i'ltu  atldi'f^Ncil  Mor;;tm  l 

"  M"iri\.  i"«i. 

"-I///  Drill'  Sir :  ~lla\\i\n  lifanl  that  on  your  rciovcry 
you  Iia<l  HL't  out  fur  tlio  Soiilhtrn  army,  I  math'  no  ilonlil 
yon  liail  arriM'd  in  South  Ctirnlinn.  Hut  I  hiar  lluit  you 
iin>  not  yet  ;,'onf,  and  with  tlic  I'miloiii  of  an  old  and  alTi'<'< 
lionalc  frii'iid,  taki-  tlio  liln'rty  to  r('i|ii(Ht  your  a-sislann'. 

''Lord  CoriiwulliM  caino  without  npiiosilion  lo  llalii'av, 
and  Inn  now  joiin'd  lorcc-t  willi  I'liillipn  at  IV'li'rsliiir;;h, 

"(IciKial  I'liillipV  lone  coii-ii-itcd  of  two  Ihuii.'.iiiid  li\i> 
hu 'ilii'd  r<';;ulai'M  rank  and  lilc  'I'lu'  forvf  of  Cornwalllrt 
you  rtiil  holiiT  know  than  I  do,  wlnn  I  li'il  ymi  it  conxisls 
of  tilt'  •^•;iil,  ll.'t,  Il.'ld  HritiMli,  one  lii'SHian  ri'^rinicnt,  llu- 
li^lif  inrantrv  and  },MnirtN,  'rarlcton'H  li<'Kioii  and  hoiiii^ 
otluT  corim.  They  havi-  entire  'oininaiid  of  the  waters. 
Tliey  have  iniieh  cavalry.  We  have  for  the  present  forty. 
Onr  re>j;iilar  force  is  near  nine  hundred.  Our  niililia  not 
very  strong.  Wo  have  not  a  hundred  rit'.emcn,  and  arc 
in  the  ^'reate^'t  need  of  arniH. 

"  Under  thoHe  cirt'iimstanee-',  my  dear  nir,  1  do  very 
much  wunt  your  ussiKtanci',  luid  Ih'jj  leave  to  request  it. 
holh  as  a  lover  of  piihlic  welfare  and  as  a  private  IVieiid 
*  liiiufriii't.  \'()1.  X. 


r' 


VHX 

(uMli  rx.~l)iin''ilf 

III  ir  Kttii  ImrM's 
;(t'iii'r<»iiiiy,  i'oiii'. 

|l«  IMIIIIfiiull,        lli^ 

li'  faiU'il,  aiiil  III 
hi*  inovciiu  iil-i  iif 

till'  will',  i\rt|it 
IhIII'  tl'-tilllil|l\   III 

itiitiiilti'il  liihiM'li 

ftoti  lli'lll'll  witllt'Mll 

li'udHcd  Mur^'iiti  : 

•M/.///^'i,  i:hi, 
nil  \iiiir  ri'coviry 

I  IIIIKli'  III)  ilolllit 
I  I  lii'iir  I  hilt  ynii 
'  ail  (till  and  iilYci'- 
t  y<iiir  ii^^^Utiiiici'. 
^iliDii  in  lliilifav, 
it  l'('li'r«liur;,'li, 

IW'il  lIlnllMlllil  li\<> 

ir"t>  <if  ('(iriiwallix 
ril  ynii  it  ciiiisisls 
mil  ri'^rinu'iit,  I  lie 

IjCK'hUI    lliul    HIIIIIU 

ml  (if  I  lie  water"*. 

till'  |insi'iil  forty. 

Our  inililia  lutt 

ril'.iiiK'ii,  and  are 

ur  sir,   I  dn  vi  ry 

ivo  to  ro(|iU'st  it. 

a  privati'  fiii'iid 


NiiitMAK  ,\(i\i^(  IS  trit,  ^mivii'R; 


•n? 


of  \*»\r*.  Vonr  iiillintt  •»>  run  do  iiHth-  tliiiii  nnlcr*  fi'iiii 
tlif  Kxiriiti-.i'.  IN'fiiiit  iiif.  my  d.'iir  j-ir,  iiiilr>ly  Ik  di'. 
}M  ltd  nil  vMii'  I'M  I'liDim. 

•'  Aiioilii'r  vrry  uwnl  ri'liiftirrcMiiiii  tu  «»iir  »itiiill,  dimin- 
Itiiw*  of  an  arniN.aiid  wliii-li  uill  iMndiici'  tin'  lhi|i|M' ^t 
I'lTn  Ik,  Hullld  III'    \iilll'   |ir|>'ill>d    |trr«r||ri'   nil    lll>'   ll>  Id.       I 

Ih'k  Ii'uu',  my  di'iir  nir,  innMt  wiiriiily  lufiiiri'Ul  you  to  Join 
liM  if  till'  Kliiti'  iif  your  Ih'uIiIi  uill  |ii  riitit. 

•'  I  ri'inaiii,  my  dfiir  nir,  hm-l  alTi  1 1    ,■  jlily  ,\iiiir  friiiid, 

"Lv  l'A\i;rr»:, 

"(liiural  .MoiniAN." 

AUo : 

"I'Viiiu  <'iiAiii,oTT»:»«viM,r.  .Iani'3,  l7Nt. 
••>'/>•,  -  I  liavi'  till'  lili'ilHilli'  to  ilirloi-i'  In  \oil  a  Ci'sollt- 
tioii  of  till'  llniiiiof  l»i'li';^ul(''',  Ity  wllit'li  Vnii  will  |M'|'i'i'iMi 
till*  I'Olilldi'iU'o  llicy  r»'|MtMi-  ill  yoiir  i'MTIioih  and  tin' 
(li'xiri'  llii'y  I'litcrlain  of  your  litidiii),'  ymir  aid  nndir  mir 
jii't'sciit  lii'i'iiiii'tanci'H.  I  ■'iiiccicly  winli  your  liialll  may 
ill'  HO  far  ri'-cHltildi^lifd  n»  to  iiirtnil  yon  to  taki>  Hit'  llilil, 
lis  no  Olio  would  I'liiitil  Minii'  iliitn  myirlfoii  tliu  I'lTrct  of 
your  intirpn-iitinii.    *    *    *    * 

'•  I  an>  willi  ;rn'at  i'i'-|i(rl, 

"  ^'nlir  llln,-.(  llUlllldl'  Hcrviiiit, 

••'I'lios.  .li;i'i'i;iiH(»«<. 
"lirigudior-Ui'iK'nil  .Moituw," 

Mi'antiiiio  Tarli'toii  had  iiindo  ii  cavalry  hwO('|)  hilaiid, 
>iiir|iri-ti'd  tlii'  As-ciiilily  at  Cliariotti'Hviiii' and  lakrii  hcvi'ii 
iinnilH'ri  jirisoniTH,  thiui  for  tho  lime  niunitiiij,'  llu'  civil 
aiillinrilyof  the  Statf.  A  fia,<,'mciit  of  tlio  body  addroinfiil 
Mor;j;im  : 

"RTAt'NTON,  .Inilr  I  I. 

*'Sir: — *  '"*'''  So  nuu'li  is  at  slake  on  llic  lidd  nf 
lialtlc.  thai  it  is  imt  nnly  our  wi>li.  Iml  thai  of  every  nieiii- 
liemf  the  A-senildv.  th.'ir  vnii  march  with  what  men   \nii 


r' 


xioiiiiAN  Aii.viN  IN  Tin;  si.iivin;. 


liavo  rai.^cMl,  Icnviii;;  onliTs  for  (dlu'rs  fo  lollow  }oii.  \\\> 
jiiv  truly  sou.  il»l(i  of  llio  iilayrily  with  wliicli  tlie  iiooplc  mi 
this  sido  of  tlio  iiiounlaiiis  will  joiii  joii ;  //ivi/  vixh  to  he 
eniii'iKUtih'il  hi/  If  (I  II.  \\\  tlicri'loro  ciitrcal;  tliat  you  loso 
iiu  tiuit'  ill  joiiiiii;^'  I  lie  Mai'ijuis. 

"  We  aro  your  very  liunil)ie  Kervaiits, 

'•  AUCIIIHAI.K   ('AliY, 
"IJkN.IAMIN    llAltUI.iO.N." 

Mnri:;aii  nspoinlcd  iiromptlv  to  llusi'  import iiii'itc  ap- 
pi'als.  ami  liaviiiLT  rlotli.  d  llie  iiii'ii  at  his  own  cxp'iisc, 
Hoiit  liic'ii)  I'orwanl  tiiiiicr  Captain  N'cIsom.  and  wrote  to 
the  S[i('al<i'r  of  the  House  of  J>fl('<,'ates  that  lie  had  con- 
tracted a  lieavy  debt,  wliieli  he  triisiod  would  be  assumed 
by  the  State.  ' 

Hearing  of  Morgan's  appi'oaeli,  La  Fayvtle  writes  : 

"Juno  12, 17S1. 
"Jfi/ /h'lf)' Sir : — With  the  grealest  satisfaction  1  have 
received  your  letter  nr-'iitioiiing  the  CNcrtious  you  have 
made  for  our  sup]>ort.  Your  assistauee  is  very  necessary 
to  us,  and  your  suceo.^s  in  collecting  the  troops  is  above 
my  ex])ecta!ion.  The  sooner  they  are  v.ith  us  the  better, 
ami  I  sliall  be  particularly  happy  in  taking  by  tne  hand  t 
fric:)d  I'or  whom  I  hiivo  ever  felt  the  highest  regaid  and 
siiiecrest  all'ectiou.  The  ene/n;,  are  opposite  to  Klk  {'reck. 
Our  junction  with  the  Peuiisy'.vanians  enaides  u.-  to  some 
resistance,  but  we  are  still  much  inferior  to  his  Lordship. 
"Whatever  yiui  think  l)ettcr  for  tlie  good  of  the  service 
that  comes  within  the  Ijounds  of  my  power,  I  refp'est  you 
will  eitlier  mention  to  mo  or  have  executed  in  my  name. 
Adieu,  my  dear  sir.  Avith  the  most  i)erfet't  regard  and 
uttachmeiit. 

''Your  must  luunble  servant, 

"  La  Faykttk." 

Having  >cnl  forward  hi-  cavalry,  Morgan  marched  with 


K'l;. 

lollow  you.     \\  I! 

•Il  tllO  |K'i)|t|c  III! 

///('//  vin/i  to  In; 
li  that  you  lost) 

tints, 

l>   ('\1!Y, 

IIaukioon." 

niiiortuMutc  ap- 
is own  ('.\|i,'iisc, 
1.  and  wrote  t(» 
hilt  lie  liiiil  cnii- 
II  1(1  bf  assiiiiK'd 

■tte  wrlk's  : 
".Iiiiu!  12, 17S1. 

isi'lictioll    1    llMVO 

rtioii.s  you  Iiavo 
s  very  nct'ossary 
tvoojts  is  above 
!;  IIS  the  better, 
'f  by  tiie  hiiiiil  ii. 
he.sl,  regal (1  and 
le  to  KIk  Creek. 
iiliU'h  u.-  to  .sdino 
to  his  Tjordshi|). 

I  of  the  servieo 
■r,  I  reqi'esl  you 
ed  in  my  niimo. 
feet  regard  and 

i.v   Fay  mi:." 

II  inarchcii  with 


Moli(iAN    AdAIN    IN   Tin;   SCitVK'i;. 


•.•:ii 


tl 


tlie  riilenien  he  had  eolieetcd  on  liii'  ■-.'niliol'  .lime,  and 
reaelied  the  lieadi|iiarter,s  of  tlio  Minvjiiis  on  the  Ulli  of 
.Jiiiv.  lie  wa.s  inmiedialely  inveslid  willi  the  eominaiid 
of  ail  the  light  troops  and  llu^  I'livalry. 

Concerning  the  Maryland  volunteer  dragoon.s,  liti  Fayotto 
wrote  to  him  : 

".Inly  !(!,  1;h1. 

"OiiD  Sir:—]  have  atfaeheil  lo  your  eotninand  .Major 
Ts'elson's  corps  and  tiie  Maryland  \r)lni!teer  dragoon.s.  1 
beg  leave  to  reeommeiid  the  latter  lo  your  atteiilinn. 
Mo.st  of  them  are  men  of  fortune  wdio  n^ake  great  .saeri- 
ilces  to  cci>e  tiieir  country.  You  will  not,  therefore,  put 
them  upon  the  duties  of  orderlies,  or  the  eonimon  eanip 
duties  wliieli  can  be  as  well  performed  by  tlu'  Contiiieutal 
lior.He.  In  everytliing  else,  yon  will  lind  they  will  answer 
your  expectations.  As  they  are  only  to  be  sul>ject  to  your 
order.s,  wiien  you  liaveaecom])lished  the  obje(;ts  mentioned 
in  my  letter  of  yesterday,  or  when  it  is  decided  that 
Tarleton  intends  soiitiierly  and  is  beyond  the  reach  of 
being  struck,  you  will  bo  good  enough  to  order  their 
return  to  heaihiuarters  It  is  my  wish  to  dismiss  them 
the  moment  it  is  in  my  jiowei'. 

*'  I  am  your  obedient  servant, 

"liA  FAYixn:." 

'riiink  of  that  !  from  a  man  who  had  himself  left  ease, 
honors,  wife,  children,  home  and  country  ;  who  hail 
perilled  his  life  and  devoted  his  jtrivate  fortune  in  the 
cuuso  of  an  humble  people  in  a  distant  land,  who  was 
struggling  to  solve  the  greatest  of  political  ])i'ol)lenis,  an<l 
to  realize  the  noblest  dream  of  the  noblest  dreamers,  from 
Plat')  to  Washington. 

The  morning  uftei  ^forgan's  arrival  in  camp,  Cornwnllis 
liad  dispatched  Tarleton  with  a  body  of  cavalry  and 
mounted  infantry  to  attack  La  Fayette.  They  encoun- 
tered  a    niiiiinti'd    patrol,   who   fell   back   upon   I  he  main 


^m 


M(»u<i.\N  Miws  IN   riiK  sr.iivin:. 


Im.iIv  "I"  rillcmcii,  -iviii,:,'  tliv  iilarm.  Tlicy  w.tc  iiisliinllv  in 
j.K.Miii.ii.  aixl  iipiHi  Tiirktdii's  iipiinmcli.opi'iicd  h»  pnniipt 
ami  vijinroiisa  lliv  upon  liini  that  lie  heat  a  liih'ty  ri'trcat.'" 
A  few  (lavs  after,  Cnriiwalli.-i  wnt  TarK'toii  upon  a  (li.-taiit 
and  ilaniTcnMis  cxpcdilidii  inland,  to  destroy  a  nia.irazine  of 
stores  wliieii  were  intended  for  (Ireene's  army.  Wayne 
anil    Moru'an   hail   well   eoneerled   a   plan   for  his  eaptnre. 

'rarlelon,  fniled  in  hiri  work  ofdeslriHli was  retiirninu:, 

and  liearin;,'  id"  tlu' tlni^'er  that  inenaeed  him,  he  destroyed 
Ills  wa^'ons,  made  haste  to  strike  a  lower  ronle  and  nar- 
i-owly  eseaped  eaptnre.f  'I'ln.-  knowledire  that  Mor,u;an  was 
sixain  in  the  Held  was  a  valuahle  cheek  both  npon  Tarleton 
and  Cornwallis. 

On  .Inly  'M,,  Mor;;an  and  Wayne  move'l  from  (ioode'a 
l^rid^'e  to  Deep  Creek,  as  ulTordin.t,'  ;,q'ealer  faeilities  for 
menaiinj?  retorshnrgli  or  wenring  a  passajro  into  ^'ortll 
Carolina.  This  may  he  considered  "the  lirst  of  a  series 
of  movements  which  ended  in  the  eaptnre  of  Cornwallis." 
Tliree  weeks  in  camp,  however,  convinced  Morjian  that, 
he  had  anticipated  !iis  restoration  to  health.  His  keen 
military  instincts,  the  imminent  i>e  il  of  Virtrinia,  the 
e\|iressed  wishes  of  Con<,'ress,  the  Comiianiler-in-cliief,  and 
the  State  anihorities.  with  the  earnest  entreaties  of  his 
cherished  friend  La  Fay^te.  had  stinnilated  him  to  the 
i'tfort  ;  hnt  the  exposnre  of  camp  life  s|>eeilily  awidu;  the 
sleepin,if  virus  in  his  system,  and  he  airain  succundied  to 
his  inexoralile  enemy,  lie  journeyed  homeward  early  in 
Anfrnst,  with  the  conviction  that  he  had  dealt  his  last 
blow  for  the  cause  he  loved  so  well. 

Shortly  before  this  he  liad  writti'ii  to  Cioncral  Greene  : 

"Camp  OoooK's  RiUDOE,  July  21.  1781. 

"PrarSir: — After  makin,;.'  usi'  of  the  cold  hath   for 
upwards  of  two  months,  I  tliouLrht  myself  so  far  recovered, 
as  to  be  aide  to  take  the  field,  and  intended  to  have  joined 
»r;;Y»/m//('.<  Lifr  of  M'irgitii.  \  Il"'<l. 


rtiTr  ill.Slillitlv  ill 
loiu'd  H(»  id'oiiipt 
ii  lii^^ty  ri'trciit.* 
m  iipiDi  a  (lislaiit 

•V  a  nia,i.'iiziiit'  "f 
■~  army.     Waviie 

fur  Ins  ('(i|itinv. 
1,  was  ittiiriiiii.ir, 

iin.  111'  (k'stroyi'tl 
'  niiilf  uihI  iiar- 
tliat  Morjraii  was 
li  iiiKin  TarlctDU 

L'^!  from  (iootlc's 
lU'i"  facilities  Inr 
isajio  into  >i'(»rtli 
'  lirst  of  a  scrii'S 
V  of  Coniwallis."' 
("l  Morgan  tliat 
L'altli.  His  krcM 
of  Virciiiia,  tiio 
idcr-in-ciiiof,  and 
L-ntroatii's  of  his 
latt'd  liini  to  tin' 
ict'ilily  awoke  I  ho 
lin  snocuinlu'd  to 
)nu'wanl  early  in 
!id  dealt  his  last 

Icncral  Greene : 

r.E,  July  Ql,  1781. 
lie  cold   l)atii   for 
f  so  far  reeovcrcd, 
I'll  to  have  joined 
\  Ih.d. 


MOllUAM    MiWS    IV   Tin:   SKKVK'K. 


S8t 


y„u.  Hut  niv  Lord,  iiialsin.r  .-•  .hep  a  liin,L;e  at  tlie  Old 
'Dominion,  liiat  liotli  I  louses)  (d'  I  lie  Assenilily  re(|iU'sliM|  me 
to  rai.-e  as  many  volunteers  as  po>--il)le  and  join  the  .Mar- 
(|iiis,  whivh  I  liid. 

-llowareall  llieold  hemes?  AVasliiii<;ton,  Lw,  IToMird, 
etc.  I  have  not  time  to  write  llu'iii.  Please  to  maixe  my 
romplinieiitH  to  them,  also  to  (ieiural  H\\<:vv,  Cohmel 
WiUiams  and  yonr  own  fiimily.  1  saw  yuiir  h'lter  toliie 
Manpiis  and  was  very  nnliappy  at  yonr  sifnation.'"  'I'lait 
d— d  reinforeenient  arrived  very  nnhieUily.  I  lay  out  llie 
nii,dit  after  arriving'  in  eaiiip.  and  eaii.iilil  cold.  I  iim 
afraid  I  iini  hruki-  down.  I  sincerely  wish  you  every  specie^ 
„f   t:..o.l    hick  and   all   the   liai.piness   that    comilry  can 

alTord. 

"  I  have  the  honor,  etc.. 

'•  Danii:!.  Moi!i;\n." 

To  this  Mori,'an  received  the  following  from  (ieiieral 
Givcut':t 

"  IlKADQtTAIlTKUS.  ('.VMUEN,  August  20,  1781. 

''Dear  Sir:— Yitnr  letter  of  duly  2Mh.  arrived  sale  at 
lica<l«inarters,  and  yonr  compliments  to  Williams,  Wadi- 
in-rton,  Lee,  and  other  gentlemen  yon  mention,  have  heen 
properly  disti  .  ed.  Nothing  would  give  me  greater 
pleasure  than  to  have  yon  with  me.  'I'lie  i.eopji.  of  this 
coiiniy  adm-e  von.  Had  yon  been  Avith  me  a  few  weeks 
past,  "yon  woiild  have  had  it  in  your  i.ower  to  give  the 
\v<n-l(f  the  pleasure  of  reading  a  second  Cowpeiis  airair. 
But  alas!  the  execntimi  failed  *  *  *  (ireal  gnierais 
are  scarce.  There  are  few  Morgans  to  be  found.  The 
hi.licsof  Charleston  toast  yon.  Don't  you  think  we  hrar 
heating  verv  well,  and  that  we  are  something oniie  iialure 
uf  stock  lisii.  the  mor.'  we  are  heat,  the  Letter  we  grow. 

•>  I  may  say  with  the  king  of  Prussia,  fortune  is  a  female 
and  I  am"  no  gallant.     Hhe  has  jilted  me  several  times  this 
*  At  Ninetv-Six.  t  Omhiin's  Life  »f  Mor(/an. 


•ISO 


MOKdAN   AflAIN   I\  TIIK  SIMtVin: 


(Mlii|iiiifr|),  hill  ill  spile  (.)•  Iicr  tcclli.  I  |iiir>Uf  licr  >lill,  in 
li'i|MS  (lio  old  ii(ia;r<'  will  he  riillilicd.a  im.v  tliiiiic  inav  pniVL' 
kiinl  at  last. 

"I  am  not  well  iilcasrd  with  hiv  r- biiir^.  Imi  I  |„.iir 
tliciii  with  iialiiiK'c.  I  was  (■(Hitciil  willi  ilic  IIo;:i:iii;,'  aL 
<iiiiiror.|.  Mill  I  lost  all  |iati('iict'  with  that  uf  Lcrl  l.'aw- 
'idii  [iloi.kirk's  llillj.  In  tlic  (nic  I  coiiMMi'ivd  victory  as 
dtiiil.trnl;  ill  till' otluT  certain.     *     *     * 

"lint  fu  add  to  my  nii^furtniic  tliat cnrsod  rcinforco- 
mriit,  innst  arrivt;  by  two  days  lou  soon.     [.Ninelv-Six.J 

"Hut  upon  the  whole  wc  aiv  as  well  oil"  as  could  l.o 
expected,  and  the  less  wc  are  indebted  to  foitime,  I  he 
;;Teater  oiir  nuTit,  1  claim  nothing;  the  annv  deserves 
cverytliiii;,'. 

"Miirse  yourtild  bones  niid  Htick  by  the  Manpiis.  until 
the  inodcni  Hannibal  nnfolds  bis  <:i"eat  (lesi;rns.  Wliile 
you  and  Wayne  are  with  him  I  ihink  he  will  be  well  sup. 
ported,  and  I  shall  feci  perfectly  easy. 

"  We  are  ti'vinjr  to  eolle-t  the  militia  to  pivc  the  enemy 
battle.  If  wc  succeed,  yon  may  bear  of  a  few  beinir  sent 
to  the  Blindcs  on  botli  sides.  The  Dominion  has  been  in 
j,'reat  jeopardy  this  campaijrn. 

*'  With  much  esteem,  etc., 

"A'ATIlA.\Ii:i,   (illKENM:." 

While  at  Hath  Springs  ho  received  tliis  from  La  Favette: 


"  MoKSTOK  IlriJ.,  Aiifrusf  !.'>  1T81. 
"  .Vi/  Drrtr  Prion?. -—l  have  been  hajipy  to  bear  vour 
health  was  better.  1  Uiqw  the  springs  will  cntiirly  recover 
it  :  then,  my  dear  Sir.  1  shall  he  hapiner  than  can  be  ex- 
pressed at  seeing  yon  with  the  army.  Von  are  the  Cicneral 
aud  the  friend  I  want;  and  bulb  from  inelinaticm  and' 
esteem,  I  lose  a  great  deal  when  ycni  go  from  me.  and  will 
think  it  a  great  pleasure  and  a  great  rcinfoie<nient  to  see 
you  again.     Jint  let  me  entreat  you  not  too  soon  to  expose 


IIVIIK. 

jiiirMic  Uvv  .«lill,  in 
•V  (lainc  limy  piovL' 

•1)11  IT,-',  lull    1    l.ciii- 

ll  I  lie  llo;^'i:illif  ill 
llMl    l>\'    Lcr,!    |,';i\V- 

isi(K'ivil  victory  as 

'  ciirHod  rciiiforct'- 

[XiiR'ly-Six.J 
II  (iir  as  could  lio 
1  to  foitiiiic,  (Ir. 
Ik'  army  ilcsorvcs 

he  Maniiiis.  niilil 
'  ili'si;:!!.--.  Wliilti 
'  will  bv  Hfll  sii[(. 

0  pivc  tlic  oiK'jiiy 
a  few  hciiiLj  sent 
iiiioii  has  hfoii  in 

to., 

ii;i-  (Jkkenk.'' 

fcom  LaFayi'tto: 

Aufrust  1')  1781. 
ipy  to  hear  yoiir 

1  c'liliicly  rt'covor 
r  than  can  he  c\- 
i  arc  the  (icncral 
)  inclination  ami 
■oni  nic.  and  will 
foi'ccniciit  to  SCO 
»o  .«oon  to  expose 


Mono.vN  ACAiv  IV  Tin:  sKuvici;. 

yonr  hcallli.  (irent  services  liivve  liccn  rendered  hy  yon ; 
p'cat  .services  are  justly  evpi'cted;  so  that  you  cannol,  cnn- 
•■^isieiit  with  your  duty,  trille  will;  yonr  own  life.  My  I  lie 
lime  .\oii  are  called  to  come,  [lerliaps  llie  scene  will  lie 
inleieshn;,'. 

••  Vonr  inlliience,  my  deiir  Sir,  may  r-iider  us  the 
fjreiilest  service.  'I'lie  mililia  are  com  in  jx  in  so  slow  Ihat 
1  shall  soon  be  left  with  Ihe  ContinfUlals.  Forlioil's  sake 
lell  them  to  come  oi».  I  do  cvt'ry  day,  expect  a  new  cam- 
paijrn,  iind  never  was  worse  provided. 

'•We  put  ou  Ihe  liest  face  wo  can.  Bul  I  eonl'ess  I 
dread  consefjuences.     *     ="     * 

"Could  it  he  possilile  to  |irocure  a  <|uanlily  of  shoes  ? 
The  whole  army  are  harei'ool.  These  arlicies  I  only  men- 
tion, my  dear  friend,  in  case  your  health  permits  you  to 
allend  to  iheiu.  1  he;f  you  will  not  laUe  any  trouhio 
ahont  iheni  Ihat  mi;j;iit  j,'ive  you  improper  fUliirue. 

"  Lord  Cornwallis'  army  is  divided  between   York  and 

(;ioueester.     Al  York  tiu-y  don't  t'orlit'y;  Imt  they  do  at 

(iloncesler.    *     *     f'    There  is  some  runu)r  of  a  Heel  near 

the  Capes,  but  I  do  not  believe  it.   Adieu,  my  dear  .Morj;an. 

"  Most  alTeetionately  your  I'rit'ud, 

"  La  Ivvvivni:." 

This  correspondence,  coi)ied  from  O'mliaiii's  Life  of 
Mon/iin,  covering?  the  time  of  his  connection  wilh  tbo 
armv  of  Viririnia,  disposes  of  the  innuendoes  concerning 
Morj,'an's  leiynetl  ill  health,  and  his  lack  of  devotion  to  the 
cause, 

]$ut  a  preater  trial  awaited  him.  when  he  learned  that 
"\Vashin,;xt<Jn  was  bt't'ore  Yorklown  ;  Ihe  French  Heels  olt 
the  coast,  and  plory  and  victory  for  the  American  arms. 

The  war-worn  iiero  essayed  to  rou:;e  biniseir.  anil  once 
more  gird  on  his  armor,  but  in  vain. 

He  sends  this  {rreelini,'  to  his  lieloved  Commander-in- 
chief,  full  of  delicacy  and  magiumimily  : 


Moitn.vN  Ad.MS  i.v  Tin:  8i:itvici;. 


•' Sfpt,  iiihir  20,  \l»l. 

<«>•//•; -At  ii,  time  like  iliis  wlicii  yinir  Kmu lU'Ucy's 
mcry  mnmnit  iimst  Ik- (l.vdicd  In  tlic  ;:raiMl  liiisiiic<s  i.|' 
Anu'rira.  1  Uimw  ymi  cim  liiiM-  Imt  littlr  Icisiiiv  for  private 
h'ttiTi^.  hut  till'  rirlinv'"  <»!'  my  ''i'"'*'  ^^''l  »"'  l'i>'"'''  ""'  '" 
Ik"  ciU'iil;  1  camiitt  avoid  coiipMliilalin^'  yi»iir  Kxci'lli'iiry 
on  the  prcsciit  l'avoral)lc'  appcaraiwc  of  our  alTairn. 

'•  I  (•iiiiii<»t  avoid  ti'lliiii,'  ycHir  Ivu'clK'iicy  liow  tniich  I 
wisli  you  HiU'Ci'Hx.  and  liow  luucli  I  wish  that  tlio  ntatu  of 
my  hndtli  would  pcriuil  luc  to  alTord  uiy  small  siTviccs  on 
this  jjri'iil  o  •I'asioii. 

"Smh  huH  luru  my  peculiar  late.  Hiat  durin;,'  IIk^ 
vvliole  eoiirse  of  the  pre^iit  war.  I  have  iic\er  on  any  im- 
portant event,  had  tlie  honor  of  servin;,'  parlieniarly  under 
vour  I'Acelleney. 

•it  is  a  misfortune  I  have  ever  sineerely  lamented. 
There  is  nothinj.'  upon  earth,  \V(Mild  have  f^iven  me  more 
veal  pleasure,  than  to  have  made  this  eampai^Mi  umler  your 
Kxoelleucy'fi  eye.  to  have  shared  the  danj,'er,  unil  let  niu 
add,  the  glory  too,  w!  'eh  I  am  almost  eonliilent  will  he 
ae(iuired.  Hiit  as  my  health  will  not  admit  of  my  rejoin- 
in<r  the  army  immediatcdy,  I  must  heff  leave  to  repeat  to 
yonr  Kxoelleiiey,  my  most  earnest  wishes  for  yoiir  sueeess 
imd  for  your  personal  safety.  I  have  the  honor  to  he,  with 
cientiments  of  the  highest  esteem, 

"  Your  Excelleiiey's  ohedieut  huml>le  .servant, 

"  Damkl  Moud.VN." 


To  whieh  Wushin{j;ton  very  handsomely  replie.s  : 

"Before  YoilKTOWN.  OrtoluT  Titli,  1781. 

«,S'(>;— Surrounded,  as  I  am,  with  a  great  variety  of 
eoneerns  on  the  in-esent  oceasion,  I  can  yet  lind  time  to 
answer  vour  letter  of  the  '.'Oth  idt,.  whieh  I  have  reeeived 
with  mutdi  satisfaction,  not  only  as  it  is  lilled  with  such 
warm  expressions  of  desire  for  my  success  on  the  present 


I  (IB. 

ptiiiihcr  20.  178t, 
itir  I')\i'illi'lU'y'H 
rami  liiisiiif^s  ».|' 
isiiiv  fill'  private 
lot  pcniiit  nil'  to 
your  Kvcclli'iicy 
r  aiTairs. 

iicy  liow  iniicli  I 
lliat  tlu-  i^liito  <tf 
mimll  services  on 

Dial  iliiriii'^'  (III* 
iicMT  on  any  iin- 
arlicMilarly  lunk-r 

ct'irly  laiucntiil. 
I'  f^'ivcn  nil'  more 
pai;:ii  under  your 
Djjer.  unil  let  mo 
eoiilident  will  l»o 
nit  of  my  rejoin- 
ouvo  to  repeat  to 
;  for  ymir  success 
hijuor  to  be,  with 

iilile  servant, 
ii;l  MoiiiiAN." 

y  replies  : 

Ontol)(;rr)tli,  ITHl. 
I  great  variety  of 
yet  liiul  time  to 
■h  I  liave  received 
s  tilled  with  smh 
'83  on  the  present 


MOIKIAN    AUAIN    IN    Tllf.   Si;i!VH  K. 


expedition,  iiut  as  it  linatlies  the  spirit  and  ardor  of  it 
veteran  soldier,  who,  lIionj,di  im|taired  in  I  lie -er\  ice  of  his 
eonntrv,  \ei  retains  the  scntinieiils  ..f  a  .-oldier  in  llui 
prinu'st  de^^ree. 

Me  assured  that  I  mo-t  sincerely  laiinnl  your  prrsenl 
sitnaiion.and  e-leitn  it  a  peculiar  In.vs  td  ilie  I'liilcd  Slates 
that  \on  are  at  this  time  iinalde  (o  render  y^'l!r  services  in 
(he  lield.  1  most  siiiciTely  thank  you  for  tlie  k.nd  e\- 
pre.-siniisof  your  good  wishes,  and  earmslly  hope  ihal  \i>n 
may  he  soon  restored  to  that  HJiare  of  health  which  ynu 
may  desire,  and  willi  whicii  yon  may  again  lie  useful  to 
voiir  country  in  the  same  einineiil  degree  as  has  already 
dislinguished  your  conduct. 

"  With  much  regard  and  esteem, 

"1  am,  sir,  your  nio.-t  oliediciit  servant, 

"  liliUllot;   \VASiliN(iTUN." 


V 


XXX."  ITsl. 


T 


Vo UK  TOWN. 

I1K,1mv  ..r  I.miKU.  lilHM'ly  was  in-l.r.l  al.ni.l  Lnla^n, 

.      aM.l  tl...  f,ntl.fi.lw;.l.lursai.at..ilirstl.n.M.  Hio 

1.,^,    .i,|,tuM,loo.ly  HinlV,lVlt.la-,'l..w..nha(  .hmn 

'";!:;:;;;':mrat  .i..t  po..i  a,  ........ou...  wiu.....  1.0 

.onnnau.l.a  u  way  of  rc.m.t  i.no  Nortia  an.h.wt,  n  .  .  a 

a.lvai.ta.U.snnsitinu  so  Ion- as  he  eouUl  nmm.a.al  t  u, 

ln;hosi..J  tlu.  n.u-iti.m.  suiH.riority,  .1  nn^ 
l.ly' btHO.no  unU'nabl..     I lo  lookc.l.  of  ....mv.,  tor  co-oiuT- 

ulion  ami  siumm.i-  from  (niiitoii  at  New  ^  ork, 

O^laMlav  .l.a  Connvallis  took  po4  at  (il<mc.osU.r  a-^ 

Yorktow,),  VVashinoton.  n-ar  Now  York,  l.a.l  bm.  assuml 

tbis   .U.t.n.Vnu.l    biscouivo    soutbwanl,  xv.lh    b.  alh.-l 
laiwl    force  of    I'rc.ich  u.ulor   Uocbaiul)eau  and  bis  own 

""wbil.  .livisions  an.l  jealousies  confnsed  tbc  couneils  of 
C'ornwallis  and  Clinton,  perfeet   aceonl  joined  the  band 
„nd  strengthened  the  heartsof  the  ^''-^'-''-'Y;*;'''''';:,'  ^^^^^^^ 
a„,l  naval  foree.     De  Harras.  ..ununander  .d    he     .u    1. 
::.adron  at  Newport,  .raeeiully  put    lun.seU  .u.d.r^t^^ 

„  ,b-rs  .d-  Dodrasse.  his  junior;  and  when  the  attei,  ^^.  h 
twentv-ei,ht  ship,  of   the  line,  entered   tu.      hc.a,K^^^^^ 

u,„l  disembarked  three  thousand  men  under  the  Ma.M".^ 
1  SI.  Simonju.  ouiekly  notilled  Lu  Fayette  thai.  .hon:.d. 


Y«)HKTOWS. 


*i>i1 


ImiuI  linliiuil, 
.  llii'oii;.'ll  lilt' 
ol'   lluil    ililWIl 

ill.  wliciuc  llO 
riiliim,  iiiaik*  u 

lirt  Wil''  11    lIK'St 

ciiiiinumil  tlio 
must   iiii'\ila- 

k. 

(iloiic'i'sUT  aiiil 
1(1  hi'oii  ussint'il 
(Kt  DcClrassf  ; 
,vilh  llu-  alii  I'll 
11  and  li"n  «\\'i 

the  council.-!  "f 
iiied  the  liaiuls 
-Auu'ricaii  Imm'I 

■  (.f  till'  FlTlllll 
llSrli'    UIhUt    till' 

tlio  latter,  with 
the  Clu'Kapeakc 
(ler  the  Man|iii3 
tte  thill.  tlii'Ujj;h 


IiU  f't'iiior  liMih  ill  yiat'^  ami  ner\i('e.  lie  wislnil  lo  place 
liim.^ilf  ami  liin  |'i>i't'(H  iimler  liUoriU'i'H  u^ia  Major-Cietieml 
ill  the  I'liileil  Statu  M  rviee. 

(■|irinvalli.s  lull  fnitillfil  the  ptwtH  nl"  York  lllul  (ilniici-i. 
t(T  tllll'in;,' tlir  lil'-l  Meek  ill  AlljillHt,  ami  nli  the  ilojli  ol' 
the  .xailie  iii'iiilii,  Urdiii-Mi-  In  M  the  Chesapeake  and  llif 
ma.  St|iliiiilnr  .Mil.  iIh'  Ihili-li  Ailiiiiral  (ir.nes  wandii- 
patelu'd  i'ldm  N'tw  Vnik  to  restniv  the  halaiiei'.  Iml  \h> 
iira-M'  eii;^a;;ed  him  at  tlu'  iiioulii  of  the  Chr-iipfuKr,  and. 
al'tcr  an  aetioii  nj'  nearly  lliiee  huiirs,  rciimimil  nin-lrr  nl' 
tlic  Hitiialioii.  'I'lie  Hrilish  los.^  was  ho  jynal  iliiiMiiase-* 
wa-t  fompcllid  to  reliini  to  New  York  live  day -difliTward. 

Wa«hiii'.ttuii  had  limu^dit  hi-^  t'oret'-<  throii^'h  I'l  iiii  yt- 
vania  ami  .Maryl.ind  to  the  head  of  tlu'  Che-apcake, 
wliemv  the  I'lcm  h  lleet  wna  to  convey  them  before  York- 
town. 

Ficaviii;,'  them  al  the  Klk  Hiver,  "  Washiiifjloii,  wiili 
theConntH  llochainheaii  and  ChastelleUN,  vUWun  sixty 
iniliH  a  day,  on  the  even  in.',' of  tin-  ninth  of  Scplcmlier. 
reached  his  own  seat  al  Mount  N'criioii.  It  wa>  the  lirst 
tiiiiu  in  more  than  six  years  that  he  had  hccii  his  home. 
i-'roni  itrt  lofty  natural  terrace  aliovr'  the  I'otoinae,  his 
illustrious  fiuests  commanded  a  nohle  river,  a  wide  ex- 
panse, and  the  hei^'ht  then  clotheil  in  forest— within  ii 
{,'eneratioii  lo  hear  the  Capitol  of  the  rniteil  IJipiililic." 

Two  days  tln'V  !-ojoiirn>d  there,  and  the  foiirti'eiith 
l)rou;.dit  tiiem  to  Williahi -Imr-di,  where  f^a  layette  wel- 
c'omi'd  Ids  Itoiovod  (leiieral  as  "(Jeneralissimoof  the  coiii- 
liiiied  armies  of  iho  two  nations,  to  scenes  of  .ylory.'' 

\\'a'hiiit.'ton  liad  sueceedeil  in  ileceiviti;;' Clinton  as  to 
hi-  ival  iiileiitioiis,  up  t<i  the  latest  moment  Iieforo  sottiiifr 
hi-i  army  in  motion  southward.  He  had  caused  to  lie 
civeied.in  tl>e  vicinity  of  New  York,  lar.Lre  army  hakcrii's, 
and  had  also  allowed  letters  to  Wochaniheaii.  coneerniii^i; 
the  projected  attack  upon  thatcily.  to  lind  their  way  into 
Clinton's  IkiihIs. 


iM 


YOUKTOWJt. 


unlw  wu  i.in, •-.........! Uf , ",';:»"-  '7;;; 

fmm  Vir«i..iu.  iimi-M.   |.l^.ni..l   n..  .■x|M..lin..M  ..     n  . 
!„.,.„„„,,,.     TI.,.a.M^H..ioHU.MlH.H■l^v^v...v«ul,o 
,,„n,l|..|.  but  Wu^lunxlui,  .li.l  .....  M.ru  .......  l.-"«  '"f-" 

"^  Th!''lllli.'.l   f..ir..s.|H'.'.lilviT(-t.d  u.-..u...lf.'>;i>«'|ni''  u 
wi,ll..r  I1.V.     lli...„lyl...|.ow..M.»l»'.M»..l.'.'i'l«l"''-" 

M.l.tu,l.;.ll..il..l.i^"i''-     Al.lt..-iu..|.l..rM,M,.IM 

„,,,„„.„.,.„  uuuMs.il   IV...n   N.wNnrk   ..u.   IuUt  tl.i... 
0.t..l.r:.ll..an.l...';r.'.l   l.i''»  '-'  '"'"'l  '""■      '  Kv  W'"-U 
,n  Hln.nuMl,...,   tl...i.-  .IrfHur..   iM.t    .1...    A..... ■,.■.....    ..... 

K,v...l.  NV.'.v  I'MUullv  /.i'..l....s  ...Ivan.'...;,'  lli.'v  |.!.n.ll.'N  «....l 

,,viiin-  l..iil.'.-i.'S  "  l.i.l'  'l"'.V  ii-.>\N..i"l  «'">  """'■  "'""  '^ 

liiiii.lii"!  K'.m-.  .  ,       1      .     ;  „.  ..r 

•I'll,.  .Mil  ..I'  <).  inl.cr  cimit'  iiti'l  pii-"^'"'  will. ".It  h;..!  .•! 
ll„.  lUrt.  Thiir  .v|.;ii.N  w.iv  ^till  mi.ni..|.ltt..l.  Ai...tli»  r 
ciplKT  Utter  a.M.ivnl  Cor.iwalliH  ll.al  tiny  w..uM  hu\  on 
llu.  l-tl.  ..f  Octnlur.  Milt  I.."  liM.I  l»>r>..i  I"  <l.'-pi'ii-. 
'1-1,.,  .....n.v".^  piiralM^  a.i.l  tiv.icl.i-s  unr  .l.iily  civm..- 
Hi.fil.in.i,'  l.im.  a...l  Lis  w.-.'U*.  wi-ie  iTim.l.lit.K  In-ftiiv  tl..u- 
flTi'Otivi'  tin'.  .     ,      , 

.\t  (llu.ur.trr,  111.'  n.-itish  wm-  sl...l  m  l.y  .In.-.'.HiH 
,„„1.,,'  tl.c  lH.ko  .!.■  l-auzui.  aii.l  tl..'  Vi.-Ki.iia  militi.i. 

TuiK'toi.  lm.l  miulo  (.no  gcrtio  willi  h-.i..-  .'I  l.i'.'akui^' 
ilu-ond.  llu-'  I..Mi.jr.'.v,  I'.it  tlu-y  w.'iv  ri.l.U'.i  d..wn  ...ul 
.IrlM.M  l.:.<-k.  'rurl.'l....'^  l..'i-^o  VMIH  c^.iuro.l,  and  l.is 
li.lcr  iiiHTowly  i^ciipcti.  ,        ,       ,  u 

Tw..  ^U'oii;,'  iv(l..iil'tH  n'liiMin.'.l  t..  1...  Iiik.ii  l-v  a-saii  t. 
\Va-ir.nut..n  assifincl  <.m'  I.'  ll.«'  ••'•■'•'"■•''  •'"•  ""•"'•  ^"  ""' 
\,„...-i.ii..-.  Tl.cv  iv.rivcMl  ll.cii-  ..r.U'1-.s  will.  II..'  f-'rcatcKt 
n.lh.iMaHi.i.  Tl.i'  Kn'iH'li  oMhrr.^  aii.l  ^..Uli.  i-  La.l  .■.|>.a  ly 
iiuhihtMl  tlic  1..V..  ..r  rnr.l...ii.  aii.l  w.rc  pruii.!  t..  !..■  tl..'«U'- 
|'..n.l,T.i  and  saviors  of  tli.'  y..!...;:  K.'l'ul.li''. 
There  was  also  inml.  eimilalioii  l-ctweii   tin*  attacking' 


1,  ill  onliT  !'• 
ihli',  liix  ft»r«H'H, 

nlitioll    iif     lll'»'i 

iniiiin;.'  AiiM'I'l 
IV  vu'i'i'  wUli'Xil 
mil  fniiii  iMfidi' 

ii>l  ('uriiwiitli'4  u 
>ul  niilit  <  liiitoi) 
itii'lurM^fiiilli'l 
itiil  Inter  tliuii 
1.  'I'liiV  workcil 
All)' liniiH  uml 
hrir  |):inill<'l-  iiinl 
ith  iii"i'«'  tliiiii  11 

willnuit  ni^rii  "'f 
pith.l.  AmitluT 
icy  would  s-iiil  "ii 
I'ljfiin  to  (lt"^|t:iii'. 
Mc  (liiily  circiim- 
iliii;,'  hi'tore  tluir 

:    in  liy  (lnij,'oonH 
iiiiii  militia. 
iin|ii>  nl'  liri'iikiii;]^ 
ritltUii  (Inwii    aiitl 
.ililuivil,  and    ids 

■  ImUcii  I'V  ii-giinlt. 

h,  tiic  oiIh'T  t>i  tilt' 

i  with  the  jrri'atfiit 

iildiif-  liiid  (MiimUy 

[iroiid  to  lie  tlii'vK- 

l.li.'. 

virii   111"  attarkin;.' 


VnliKTnwy. 


StM) 


l>artit'il  ii*  ti»  »hi«li  *li"uld  llrM  luhi.'Vi'  fh.-  riiplnn-  of  il..' 
ivdoiil.l  a.niuii'd  ili.Mi.  Til"  AiiMiiian  ...liiniii  wu-  lid 
by  111"  -iillaiil  and  «il"i.tl  AI"Naiid"i'  lluiiiilton,  who  in 
all"i'  yiMi*  iH'rloniii'd  all  tlu'  hiHliunt  pMiMiMof  hU  yoiiili. 
1\k<  w.i^  airoiii|.iiliiid  \>\  lli"  "oiittl\  yoiiliU  Cohniil  Laii- 
iviH,  who  always  MmiiUl  tlif  ihihi  of  dai  Hif. 

Tilt'  Fivnth  coliiniii  wa«  UtI  h>  t'ouiii  William  di-  iKiix 
PolilM  and  tho  Haroii  d"  I'lviiadc 

'riioirolllti'r.-' ad<lr"-.*i'd  llniii  iiTw  umd-ol'  iiii.|tiiaiinii  ; 
th"  aliii  k  wa't  mad"  with  llu-  ;fr"aU'Ml  imiu'lmmity.  and 
Iho  udoiilit-i  tarried  ul  the  |Miiiit  of  th.'  hayoiui.  with 
littli!  lojin  to  III"  Aiiuritaii  loliimn  ;  the  I'l'iiwh  kiiIT"I"iI 

IIIUM'. 

tWiiwallis  rti"iiiK  III"  HiilTcriiiHH  of  hix  iium,  i'rowd"il 
Into  It  HMiall  ipiuf,  with  o\(r  a  Ihoii-aml  di-aldfil  l»y 
woumis  and  I'.imp-lV'ser.  Ii.iieiicd  to  tin'  cmhiimI  of  hin 
oIllcerM  mid  ivHolvid  to  iitt"m|»l  an  I'waii"  on  ih"  nivthi  «d' 
Ihi'  IHth  Ortoher.  I'll"  sii'k  and  W(Miiid.d  wt  re  roiii- 
iiitiiih'd  liy  It'tt"!'  I'»  ih"  meny  ami  >,'"iK'rn«ily  ol"  Wanliinj,'- 

I lit  tfi"  \"i'y  tiiii"  th"  Hriti-h  w"rt'   p(r|i"trafin«  Ih" 

moMt  uli'ticloiiM  ci'tii'llicH  ill  Con  licet  ifiil. 

The  army  "ml>aik"d  in  .small  liouts  on  th"  .lames  Himt, 
when  a  .Midden  and  \inlinl  siiiiull  drovi-  the  hoals  doun 
the  river  and  threatened  them  with  in.staiil  deHtrmtion. 

With   ditHeidly   ihey   relanded    1    ritiiriied   to   tluir 

e.imp.  feeling'  that  th"  hand  of  I'lovideiiec  wius  a>.'aiii.-t 
them.  On  III"  isih,  Cornwallis  Kent  a  llajf  to  Wa>li- 
iiij,'lon  with  proposals  to  arraii;:"  lor  a  capitiilalioti.  (hi 
the  I'.'l'.i,  111"  pn>ts  of  York  ami  (iloiiec-ter  wire  .siir- 
reiuli'id.  'riic  land  I'oii'es  heeame  priHoiier.s  l(»  Amer- 
ica, and  the  setinicii  to  Kiaiicc.  'i'lie  ^hippinir  and  naval 
Klore.s  fell  to  thr  Frciiih.  the  Held  artillery  to  the  Anur- 
i.-aiis- -one  hiiiidrcd  and  .-■iv  pieiv.s.  ol' whii  h  hcvi  iit\-tiv" 
Wi'i'c  hra^s.  The  talents  mid  luavery  di.s|dayed  hy  the 
allit'is  won  them  immortal  jiloiy.  and  they  cidiamvil  it  l.y 
the  hum, mil V  aii.l  piii m-ity  .>liowu  lu  their  pii>oncr!!. 
I'i 


<00 


voiiKrowM. 


Thf  Vnuth  i.llUvrs  i»  jHirtiniliir,  hoimntl  tlummlw*  I»y 
till   iiMX't  lUlifiitK  cuiuitU-miiori  »»f  ilulr  im'i'»l«»».     Lunl 

t'.iriitt  il|i'<  ill  Iti"  |»iit>li«'  l.flcft  lukiutwl' >'{»'«!  till*.* 

Oil  till' (lay  uf  Riirn ii'Ur.  ('<.inttalti*  wu  t»M»  unit  li  liitllg' 
I I  to  Itu'f  hU  ttiit,  hut  wnl  111*  wwHril  l».v  <»«iMnil 

O'lliim.  I.il»<'»lll.  wti'>  III"!  MM. 'ilcrnl  hi'  MVVi'iil  III 
C'litirU'i-lHll  In  ('..iliwallix.  WIW  ii|t|Mtilitn|  Ity  W  ii'li,li^'l<»li 
I.,  iir.lv.'  Iliiit  .ir  r..ni\v»lli«.  Tli.-  Hjfor  i.f  iln'  HrilUli 
oil  Mint  .•.'.uiilitn  wiiM  wi'll  i.nii'ni»H'i..l.  iin'l  NVii-hin^'iuii 
r.M|iiii-.l  ili.>  rii|.iliiliiliii«  r<ti'.'  to  iiiiirili  ..III  willi  r<»i«.i^ 
lUM'il.  Yii.  iM  III'-  I'lc.ii.iN  lit.. I  |.ai.t  thf  Aiii.ri.iiii 
liiu'M,  wi»  n'rmiiilH-r  hU  ••hiir>{.'.  '*  l>oii'i  hii//.ii,  h*>y*\  |n»-<- 
li'iity  will  hii/./ii  f.»i'  yiiii." 

Tail.h.it.  wli'»  wan  hi  c.tnimaiiil  ..r  thf  po-t  of  (n..iir.-i.l.r 
lit  III.'  liiiif  of  iho  Kunvinhr.  toiimiiiiiicalf.l  l.»  Ihi'  Kn  mh 
(Ji'iuTul  Clioiti'  hiHiip|.nh.ii«i'>in  i«>r  hi.-"  |iiir«tiiul  HulVty  if 
|iiil  lit  ihi-  .li -p'.Mil  'if  III.'  Aiiifri.an  militia. f 

Hcj^ot  NiMy  uwiiy.  ami  «.ii  hi-,  ri-tiirn  lo  Knjjlaiul  wa-i 
imiiKMliali'ly  iironmlt'tl  lt»  tlu'  rank  of  Coloiul.  ami  iMcanu! 
HI)  p..|.iilnr,'lluit  ill  r.UO  lu-  was  f.iit  I-.  p;irliiiiii.'iil  fiv..  ..f 
cxpi'UML"  from  hiri  iiatiM-  town.  In  IHIV,  lit'  wan  luhaii.r.l 
to  llio  niiik  of  iimj')r-gi'iu'ml,  und  the  next  yciir  i-mit.-.l 
a  Ininiiu't.t 

•  IMtii'n  Annr:<-ini  lliioliition.  \  I.n'M  }[> iiwin. 


i 


'li  lIu'riiKchi'M  hi 

w 

tm't'iit'M.    t<uril 

ttMi  iiiiirli  iliiliit- 
Mir<t  l>>  (it'iitriil 
il  hi'  nwonl  at 
I  Ity  NVii-liinuiHii 
truf  ilif  hritUli 
itiil  \Vii-liiii;;i'>ii 
I  mil  Willi  ndiii'^ 
■t  III!'  Aiiirriiiiil 
ill//,il,  lio)*!  iNit- 

itmt  «tf  (lloiii'fiilt'r 
imI  III  till'  Ki'i  lull 
lii'iHuiiul  MulVly  if 

i.i.f 
III  Kii;;liiiul  wiH 

illtrl,  mill   lircaillr 

iirliiiiiii'iil   fri'i'  iif 

III'  wuH  luhaiit'i'il 

u'Xt  yi'ur  fri'iiti'tl 

\ti:'K  Ml  mnin. 


\ 


XXXl.  -1781. 

AT    LAST. 

Till",  iiunH'*  of  WiiMiiiiKtiHi,  UiMliaiiiliuiH,  I.II  Kuywllo 
iiimI  IK'  UruHW'  wfi'W  «m  iviry  t<Mi>;iu>.  'I'Ih'  hIumiIm  of 
\ir|iiry  rroiii  tin-  llilu  of  Yitrkl'»wii  run  Iml  Mi»i';,'iiii  in  lilo 
limiii'  iiiiir  Wiiirlii  4ir.  an. I  ilnw  I'nrlli  Iim  lnai'lii'-t  omi- 
^fiiiliilaliitiiH  to  hit  t'iiiimiainlir-iu-(hitf,  iiiul  lo  hU  friiiMl 
Li  l'"ii\rlti'. 

Slmrtly  ufltT,  (.i'imiitimI  ii  painrnl  nml  mitlliMi  mis. 
mill' r«laniliii),'  lirlwrcii  Mmvuii  ami  NVii-liiiij:tuii.  Thi' 
\  iryihiii  IrimpM  (uiiiiiiaiitlnl  l»y  Hif  lonin'r  wt'iv  iliKhaiiiUil 
iil'iir  llii'  HiirivmliT  al  Yoiktowii.  iiinl  tin-  pt\iriinii'iil, 
iiii.tlilc  lo  (liMcliar;,'!)  tlu"  halaiici'  iliu'  llifiii.  ii-^iicil  «'cr- 
liilnih'H  uf  Ihu  iimmint  wiili  |iroMiiM>  of  fiitiiiv  piiyMK'nt. 
Hut  iiiiiiiy  mI"  iIii!  HiililiiTrt  wi'fc  KJi'k  or  tli-ahliil  hy  vvkiiihI^, 
ra^u'''!.  pi'iiiiili'HS  or  at  ii  ilitlii!  from  tluir  Iioiih-h. 
'I'lii'ir  piv.sHiiijr  iiiTi'MMitii'i*  I'lifoiiraKcil  impriiuii'li il  h|h'Oii- 
lulord  to  pri'y  upon  llu'in,  hy  olTi-riiij^  to  oa'-li  tin-  cirtill- 
cati'i  at  Hlumu'rul  ili-icmiiit,  'WU  coniiii^'  to  Morpiu's 
kiiowKilj,'!',  lit' iiinicstly  ailvini'tl  llu'm  lo  ri'lain  tluir  ciT- 
lilltatoM,  118  till'  putilic  faith  wan  pli'djri'il  for  llu-ir  pay- 
in'iit.  olT.riiij.',  at  I  hi'  smii'  tinu',  if  any  wi  iv  coinpcllnl 
In  part  with  llu'iii,  to  tloulilo  llu'  mm  otl'in'tl  hy  llif^o 
Hpii'ulators,  uinl  iiNo  ti  promise  to  hoM  Hum  miliji't  t  to 
llii'ir  ii'diniplioii  ;ihoultl  tliry  tliHiro  it. 

Tho  spt'cnlalors  foilril  of  thi'ir  prolltn.  circiihitoil  iiijii- 
riiMia  accMsatioiis,  cliar;,'iii^'  (ii'iicral  Moipm  with  tho 
iiiianiiisM  llit'y  hail  thfmHclvcs  Honj^lit  to  pnutii'f  upon 
till'  soliliir-.     Il  caiiif  to  \Vasliin;4liiir8  earn.     lU'  irasvil 


AT   f-AST. 


lo  (MMTcsiM,!..;  will.  M..rmii.,  .'i>''i'l,vi'>;riv^^'"l  I'i.^  wmiu  or 

(■onli.lcnce  in  liim.  iui.l  wlirii  llicv  nift.  tiviiUtl  luni  uiih 

MnrfTMii  was  wniimk'.l  lotlu'soul;  sii.-iurliii.;,'  tl.i' niusr, 
1,11.1  firliii^'  lnn\  uiwlcscncci  w:i,s  lln>  imi.liuU  (riisinv,  lu' 
Bouglitim  (•xpliiiiation.  Wiishiii.mun  tuM  hini  IVaiiKlv  tlii.l 
he  couid  v>\vvm  no  iniiii  win.  •'  liilioivd  luulor  tlie  I'liiirj,^  u^l^ 
i.rnlitiii^'  iiy  t''^'  iHrcssitios  iiii-l  ilistivjiscs  of  tlit-  .s.ildiors." 
Moi"iiirtlKMi  stilled  tlio  fiidsof  tlu!  cm;  f;iviiif,'  liim  tli'' 
tostimonvi.l"  mmdKTsor  tlio  soldiiTs,  wliicU  ulunct' cmmi- 
vimvd  Wasliiiinton  how  ciiliirly  lie  hud  lurn  .Uriivod  ; 
he  i)r()m).tly  expressed  liis  rejiret  at,  liavm,^-  ciilertaiiiod 
aecusatioiisapiiustanian  so  high  in  liis  eslcrni,  wilhoiit. 
iiist  liearini,'  his  version  of  it.  A  litlu'  of  tlie  loii-;-.-iilUr- 
inji;  and  misplaced  eonlideiiee  thrown  away  upon  Arnold, 
wmild  have  saved  Morgan  from  a  wonnd  sluirper  than  tliu 

steel  of  an  enemy. 

Morgan  never  recovered  his  healtji,  hut  ten  years  oi 
(piiet  jM-osperity  in  the  hosom  of  his  family  had  somewhat 
hnilt  up  liis  eonstitntion  and  <|uito  repaired  his  iortiines. 
He  directed  the  plough  as  successfully  as  he  had  wielded 
the  sword.  J?y  Stu'c  grants  and  purchases  ho  hecame 
po.ssessor  of  not  less  than  two  hundred  and  fifty  thousand 
acres  of  land  on  the  Ohio  and  Monongahela  rivers.  |le 
ha<l  l)uilt  a  stately  mansion  and  called  it  "Saratoga."-- 
ahodc  of  a  reiined  and  Christian  homo-circle,— his  estima- 
te wife,  the.r  t  wo  daughters-the  elder  married  ti>  Colonel 
l^eville,  the  younger  to  .Major  Heard— and  their  children. 
With  ease  and  dignity  they  dis]tensed  the  largest  hospi- 
talities to  the  host  society  that  Virginia  could  hoast. 

]\Iorgan  appears  again  in  pid)lic  life  during  the  "  ^^  his- 
]<oy  Insurrection"  as  nKij(.r-general  of  the  Virginia  militia. 
In  1707  ho  represented  the  counties  of  Frederic  and' 
Berkeley  in  Congress.  lie  was  also  a  memher  of  tlie  Con- 
gress calli.'d  hy  Wa.-hington  in  1707  to  fake  into  considera- 


iA 


^ 


AT    LAST. 


:i\y.i 


:(•(!     Ills   Wllllt    Ol' 

I'iitc'il  him  Hiili 

•lillV'  tU'  I'lllisr. 
ii'd  (■(■iisiirc,  111' 

ill!  IVilllklv  tllilt 
IT  tillM'llill';,'!'')!' 

)l'  the  .Sdldii'iu" 
jiiviii^  liim  llu' 
ell  111  DiU'O  coii- 
lii'cn  (U'ci'ivod  ; 
in;;  ciiliTtaiiuKl 
.'Stci'iii,  wit  limit. 

tilt'  l()ii;r-.-iinvi'- 
ly  upon  AnioUl, 
liarpiT  tlui'i  llic! 

ut  l<'ii  yt'ars  ol' 
y  liiwl  soiiK'wliat 
Til  his  rortiincs. 

ho  had  wii'ldi'd 
uses  ho  became 
d  fifty  tluiusaiid 
iL'la  riviTs.  Ik- 
t  "Sarafttpi,"-- 
cdo, — his  ostiiiia- 
arrit'd  to  ('(iloiicl 
d  tlRirchildivn. 
10  larfji'st  hospi- 
)uld  lioast. 
riii-r  (he  "Whis- 

Vii'friiiia  militia. 
!)f  Frcdorie  and' 
iiiluT  «)!'  the  Cou- 
:c  into  coiisidera- 


i 


,1,,,,  ^.Mluv:,lr,m,-<■nM,p!.^^i^nul■alTail•si.Hu^,.M  Ai.irii.a 
.i,„l  Kn.iirc,  and  was  iiain.'d  in  eoiiM.Mtinii  wiih  a  hi.jli 
,,,„„„,„„1.  i„  ..smt  ..r  war  with  thai  cniinlry.  Uhiloai 
hi.  pu-i  .Inrin-  Hie  iv-nlar  sesMon  of  ('nii-iv>s  m  L'.i.s. 
his  health  a.tfiin  }.'ave  way.  He  sank  int..  a  (•(.nlinn.d 
invalidism  I'roin  this  time. 

Durin"- his  whole  caiver,  evn  in  his  wild  yonn-  da\<, 
Mui-an  had  always  expresse.)  and  manifeste.l  the  ,-ivate.si 
.vsiurt  lor  ivli-inn.     Darin-  the  lat<.  .vars  oi  his  hie   he 
Ind  been  a  iv-ular  attendant  of  the  .•Iniivh  ..I  which  his 
wife  hud  h.n-  heon  u  memhcr.     He  now  heeanie  a  eoiii- 
n.uuieant,  and  for  (he  fuller  enjoyment  of  ivli-ioi.s  pmi- 
Ir^.s   left  hlseountrv  residenee  and  removed  to  W  inelies- 
(,".      \  sirn.i-  fiieiui.hip  had  sprnns  up  between  (ieneral 
Mo'rsan  and  his  pastor,  llov.  Dr.  Hill,  of  the  IVe-bytman 
..huivh.     He  was  in  eonstant  att>  ndanee  upon  him  .hmn- 
Hu.  latter  vears  of  his  life,  and  to  his  nianusenpl-    lor- 
.,m-s  hio./raplier,  Mr.  James  (iraham,  is  lar-ely  indebted 
•?ors.nneof  the  most  inteirstin- laets  of  our  hen..-  early 
lile.  wliieh  Dr.  Hill  had  from  hi- own  lijis. 

Ami  now  this  happy  warrior.  liaMi.-r  sirnek  all  bis 
valiant  blows  for  God  and  humanity,  rested  a  "tie  sjmee 
IVom  his  labors  and  wailed  for  Ins  tinalluHouKh.  lu> 
,U>  serve  who  only  -land  and  wait."  for  "-v  he  girded  on 
l,i,si.iritual  armor  and  made  full  prooi  ol.  that  m.blei 
cmraW^iih  wl.ieb  the  Christian  warrior  triumi.hs  oser 

his  last  enemy.  ,  ,     ■  •     i    ., . . 

After  a  w.>aris(nne  eonlinemeiil  ol  a  year  to  his  hoii>. . 
an.l  of  six  months  (o  his  b.d  ur  easy-ehair,  be  .auk  unuer 
hi.  inlirmities  and  expired  July  .1,  180:i  m  the  sixty- 
seventh  year  of  his  aj^^s  -  having  served  his  generation 

In  the  military  escort  at  his  grave  were  seven  mem  he  > 
of  the  rille  company  with  whieb  Morgan  mare  ud  lo 
JJostou    in    Vnr^.      Their   war-worn    nlles    hied    the    laM 

salute  over  his  grave.  . 

His    biograpb.r    says  of    bis   Urvolntionavy    -.rviee.^  . 


!'.)t 


AT    I,.\.-T. 


••Wli.lliiT  wt'  tv;.'ar<l  tlifir  extent,  ilni''  \i'l'>'<  "''  '''>''' 
l,,ill,;,,.ry.  iIh-v  wnv  ii.-t  smpM.-.'.l  h\  iIk.M' of  i.ny  nih..r 
olVuci-  in  llu' annv.  fuvpt  tl,r  CcnMiiimd.r-in-.liirt  liiiii- 


"Uc  piirlicil'iiteil  in.or  liiul  tli- .linrii(.ii  nt,  ii.nily  lilly 

,,„„U,,1,<    will,    111.'    I'lU'lliy.    fi-llt     nf    which    W.Tr     -.•IllTill 

,.„„.ji„viiK'nts,  ami  in  no  itisIaiKr  ili.l  he  Tail  uf  nil iiv  m- 
iririial  siim.ss.  'nir(.ii;;li(.nl  his  loii-  military  .artrr.  iir 
never  exiu.ri.-.uT.l  a  surpri.r,  llio.i<rii   the  nature  of  the 


Hcrviee   m   whieli   he  was  ehietly   eii«af;eil  suhjeeUd    h-ii 
constautlN  tosueli  a  ■■oiitin^Tiiey.* 

'.1,1  pi'rsoi.  he  was  more  than  six  iVrt  liijih.  an.l  wrll 
i.roporlione.1  ;  of  an  imposin-,'  i.reseiiee  ;  moving'  Willi 
't,vn-lii  ami  ^'raee  :  of  a  hardy  eonstitntion.  thai  dehr.l 
lati-.i.-.  hui.-er  and  eold.  He  eould  -low  with  iiilen>est 
iin-rer.  hut  passion  never  masteivd  his  power  of  diseerii- 
niHit;  his  disposition  was  sweet  and  peaeefiil,  so  thai  he 
ilrli'diled  inaetsof  kindness,  and  never  harhored  nialieo 
or  revenue,  lliscoura-v  was  un{  an  idle  (pialily.  it  spriin;.' 
from  Ihc^mlense  energy  of  his  will,  wliieh  Lore  him  on  to 
do  hisdntv  with  an  irresisiihle  impetuosity,  llis  faetdlies 
were  .iniekened  at  the  approach  of  danj^er.  An  insdne- 
live  jiereeption  of  eliaraeter  assisted  hi;n  to  ehoose  tlioso 
whom  it  Avas  wise  to  trust,  and  a  reciprocal  sympalhy 
made  the  ohedienco  of  his  soldiers  an  act  of  alfeclionalo 

eonlidenee. 

"Wherever  he  was  posted  in  the  haltU-iield.  the  huiit 
was  sure  to  he  wa-ed  with  fearlessness,  jud-inent,  and 
massive  eneriry-  "I'  all  tlie  oilicers  whom  Vir^dnia  sml 
into  the  war,'m-xt  to  Washington,  M<.roan  was  the  -ival- 
,.st  ;  vet  slie  raises  no  statue  to  the  ineomparahle  lea<lerol' 

her  light  troo]>s.""  t  .  ,     ,    ,    .  «t    i  • 

U  is  idle  to  mention  any  name  with  that  ot   Waslnng- 

toii,— a  uivalness  s any-sided  and  syiiimelrieal  as  to  he 

nniiiue. '"  r.iil    if  we  .-.m-uhr  military  genius  alone— as  a 
*  a rnlonu- ^  L.y-    'fy ■"■!}""  W'"" '"?'.  V..1   VliI 


AT    LAST. 


HM 


Ullllr,  iT  llicir 
.(■  Ill'  iiiiv  111  Iht 
r-iii-cliirl'  liiiii- 

<it',  iiciirly  lillv 

I  wi'iT  ^ciu'riil 
fail  t>r  ml  in'  <ir 
itar.v  ciii'trr.  Ini 

iiatiiiv  (if  I  lit' 
siiiijfi'li'il   liim 

liijili.  ami  well 
;  iiioviii'T  willi 
idii.  thai  (Iflifd 

with  iiili'iist'.st 
iwcr  (if  (lisct'i'ii- 
•ffiil,  so  lliiil  ho 
Kirlmri'il  iiialici' 
luiiity.  il  s|irmi  '• 

Imiv  liim  (111  to 
,'.  His  facullii'.s 
r.     All   iiistiiu;- 

iO  cilDOSl'    thllSl.' 

)rot'al  syni|iatliy 
t  (jf  allx'otiiiiiuto 

,-ii.'hl.  the  liiiht 

iii(l;;iiK'iit,  ami 

III  Vir^'inia  sent 

II  was  the  ,i!.i'i  al- 
jiaraliii'  IcadiT  of 


I 


I 


\ul\  rM'ciilivi — Miir;^'un  towers  ahuvr  all.  'I'lmi  iii-iillVr- 
aliK'  military  caslc.  which  it  sinus  must  lu-  cmiund  lic- 
caii-i'  it  caiiiKil  li'.'  ciin'il.  Iiad  thus  far  kept  him  maiiack'tl 
iimicr  his  inf.  ridi's.  Cnuiu'iis  was  liis  siii;;h'  (iiipdrtiiiiily 
tu  slidW  tin:  reach  of  liis  ^'ciiiiis.  He  cxhiliits  here  that. 
marvcUmis  [idwer  (if  symiiathy  which  put  him  in  ni/ipur/ 
with  tliose  he  coiiiinamled.  and  hy  which  he  so  multiplii  d 
and  (.'ommiiiiicatca  himself  to  his  troops  tiiat  he  worKed 
his  divisions  as  if  they  liud  liecii  his  own  limlis.  His  unny 
iiidividiiaii/.cd. 

U  would  seem  eminently  proper  that  centennial  hot'ors 
t:i  Daniel  Morgan  should  not  devolve  upon  any  one  Siatc.^ 
\o  State  can  cstahlish  its  claim  to  iiim.  liis  track  of 
<,dory  reaches  from  Quehee  to  Cowpeiis. 

Leaving  Camidii,— Maine,  New  York,  New  Jersey,  IVnii- 
svlvania,  Virginia,  North  and  South  ("arolina,  may  well 
c'oiiteiid  for  the  lumor  of  honoring  him.  He  hcloiigs  to 
the  conliiicnt. 

Kisiiig  from  the  hiimhlest  ohscnrity  to  Ihenohle  Iieigid 
lie  gained,  he.  more  than  any  other  of  that  woni'-rlul 
Uevolutionary  group,  illustrates  the  genius  ajid  forecasts 
the  pos.sihilities  of  the  New  World. 

Virginia!  dear  old  Dominion, — mother  of  States,  hal- 
lowed ground  indeed,— holding  in  thy  hosom  ilie  sacred 
relies  of  .JelTerson,  Henry,  Morgan  and  Washington  ! 
From  .such  precious  sc(jd  what  heroic  harvests  mav  we  yet 
Kat  her  ! 


hat  of  Washing- 
met  I'ical  as  lo  be 
iiiiis  alom; — as  a 

,„Tt.  Vol  vin 


