Gc 

975.7 
So88c 
V.4 

1687537 


M.  L. 


REYNOLDS  HISTORICAL 
GENEALOGY  COLLECTION 


ALLEN  COUNTY  PUBLIC  LIBRARY 


3  1833  02300  6486 


Digitized  by  the  Internet  Archive 
in  2014 


https://archive.org/details/collectionsofsou04sout 


COLLECTIONS 


CtTARLE>T(3N  : 
i'uvi,.isj.r;';D  by  fh.?: 
>'^!;Ti{  (;Al;MiJ:^A  fHSTORIiUL  SOCIETV, 

I 
J 


^3 


REPORT  OF  THE  COMMITTEE 

1687337 

APPOINTED  BY  THE 

GENERAL  ASSEMBLY  OF  SOUTH  CAROLINA 

IlSr  1.74:0. 

ON'  THE 


UTn^DEH 


GENERAL  OGLETHORPE.. 


PUBLISHED  BY 

IKE  SOUTH  CAROLINA  HISTORICAL  SOCIETY. 


■Nn:j.  i-.p-j  ,  :i!-,aa  ;uid  117  East  Bay  Streets. 

\ 

* 

\ 


■    APPOINTED  BY  the: 

ENERAL  ASSEMBLY  OF  SOUTH' CAROLINA 

ON  THE 

1 .  f  i  U  i J  u  u  1 1  i.  i  .^J  -Li  i  i  i  Li  J 


G  E  N  E  R  A  L  O  G  L  ET  K  O  F;  P  E 


PUBLISHED  BY 

THE  SOUTH  CAROLINA  HISTORICAL  SOCIETY. 


rEIARLEsTON,  S.  C. 
Walicici:.  KvA\.j  cc  t ':>vr-\v  i;:Li,  Co.,  Pu inters. 

1S87.         -  - 


PREFACE. 


' 'e  the  T' 

•k  i-.rt  in  i-i 


1  of 


The  Expedition  asainst  St.  Augustine,  nmler  General  Opletliorre.  a 
subject  of  controversy  almost  a  century  and  a  half  a«:o,  has  ii-ain  been 
disi'n.sse<l  in  certain  publieations  of  rei  ont  date.  The  authors  of  these 
are  bio-^r;ipher.s  and  apologists  oi"  General  Oglethorpe,  and  tliev -.eem 
to  have  been  of  opinion  that  his  defence  required  ti^e  r 
certain  charges,  math-  '  ^  '  ;~  ■  . 

of  failure  was  fresh,  ;r_ 
dition.    A  reader  of  the- 
the  writers  -^imply  <•.-..'-_<.• 
same  n-ord- 

would  apn«-c:  •,  ■  :     :   :  1  „  - 

remark,  we  are  i;^  m  '    ~  ^  . .  .  ■  . 


In  - 


it  :■ 

r.:-:';: 

to  h 
this 
with 
fc-Ii  ^ 
0_' 
li  r. ; 

tiOu 


The  Car. 


-veil  ■ 


.  i-^  iS 

-.6  of 


.    -       -     .  ,     ■    .     .  ..  •,  :    -  Tlu^ 
;    ; '  'u  mIs  ;  his  va 
:  ^  ■■  UTiexhan^te'l.  r 

-  ■■L  his  c^'uraiie  that  th-  u- 

Ui:-  di. muster  were  such  as  no  commanding 
for  the  results  of  winch  no  one  could  be 


lina  Kr  J 
th'-     ■  . 


General  could      .  :r  ' 
marie  responsible. 

'  *■  It  lias  been  asserted  b}'  some  historians  that  tlie  raisins:  of  the 
siege  >v^^-^  owing  to  the  deiertion  of  Col.  \'und«jrdussen  and  the  <."aro- 
lent.  (.hi  the  c-..ntrary,  he  remained  with  Oglethorpe  until 
.  •  <jon.  Ojlf^thorpe  ackn-iwledged  his  anxiety  to  tight  ibr  ids 
:  -.iyii)i:  that  C-d.  Yamterdus^en  liad  made  sevend  hand- 
^  ,)T  •^e'•v;^ u.  wdiK'U  rece^-^^iv  ■C':o:iipei li-d  him  to  de-dine. ■ 
•o^).r..;i;r]a,  i--'-  -  '  'ri  i^-'ci  'ie/^t-rt,  out  no  more  m  pro- 
^•;rir  nMir.!-n.-r'  Off  fv;m  other  corps.    Col.  Yander- 

;..o:ir-i       V:^.r.^  :  ■  j\jc !':;:':  it.  and  did  n<A,  with 

en:.  i  hacL-:-'  o.    -ntd  loili  Aiz^ir^t*  naving  lost  only 


>r:\  -ri  ; 

i5  a.--. 


i 


tburieen  men  siCKiiess  and  <,io^er!:i'j]i.  h  is  triie  that  the  pe^pie  of 
('•.!p>lin;i  oa>t  many  uninst  rorlef-tiDns;  upon  0^1ethor;K?.  and  endeavored 
to  t'leviite  tiie  miiit;iry  eharai'ler  of  Cul.  Vander.iusseri  by  biuldiiiii  it 
up  on  the  mini  of  his  coQiiiiander-in-chief.  The  <.'ontroversies  were 
bitter,  but  worthless.  Let  iis  not  exhume  such  a  theme,  lon^i  buried 
in  the  ivy-covered  tomb  of  the  past,  bat  rather  e0m.-edin.2r  to  Col.  Van- 
derdiissen  tlie  full  share  of  honor  which  the  Assembly  of  Carolina 
voted  to  him,  award  to  Ogletliorpe  also  the  renown  he  so  richly  merits 
for  his  skill,  valor,  and  untiring  devotion  to  the  protection  and  j. reser- 
vation of  his  beloved  CieorLria." — Stt'-mfi'.^  History  <•/  CUorgia,  pj'.  ^'"^, 
V'.J— Edition,  mr. 

Had  other  writers  followed  this  advic-,  .,  .r      "  p-it  breath  in  these 
dry  bones/'  publication  of  the  followi'i.:  ;         '  :    •    ■    ■  Ivivf  ' 
thouirht  necessary.    But  in  two  volume- 
'!'  ■    .- ^       i  jorgia,"  1S78.  and^V  ; ; 

old  aspersions  oil   ;  ... 
ibv  aohe<  of  the  past.    It  is  ri;:;:,. •:  i.  aiivi,  -i>.i!;e 

to  oar  f-'.low-c-.-'untrymen,  i'-.'.-M  f.-  -lr  m.  . 

The  vi-y^x  ^    ■    ■  ■  -'v   :  . 

fro:a  '•.:.^-r  ..iLi;:-  -.      r.;k  ;  :,  ■     ■         ■  ^  -'^ 

authors,  and  the  i^rav--    •    ■    -  '        •   : -    ^  ..'.it 

is  !l    '  '         :  '    '          '              ■  ■  ^              ■                         '   "  ' 

sli   ■  ■      .           .  ■  ii.:-- 

iCr:;  c :>:-:■  '..        ii.  .:-ud  itj  C' ■  liv;-;!:-  uilk?'' '■'•^'n,  SUV  /          '.Iv  - 

fe^v  wh  ■  I' iont  or- ^M.ir^ '^ity.  ::i:iv          i;<  ^         it.  ir^'---- 

imriori ri;;  r  u-ii.,tr  it  - l''--  ti;f-'  i:;;;:"^  ;r i<:'n;'  '  •ii  th-  ( '.ir'^ilini-i^^  -.  • 

names  of  tht;  vtaraitiecwjio  mcu.I.e.tho  report  a;f  ^r-'     :-'--k'            •'  •  • 

for  its  -truth  and  ere- H!  iH:;-.   ■  Any  arteiapt     •         •      ■■  "    ••  t 

dv-r.:       .  e  vi<i'-iv.-y  i.a"  rhe  (.are  and  :.  .  .  '  y 

exen.i;^'-l  iu  lis  pi-r-p:ir:i.-i'.)n. 

The  cliavj^.-s.  ia  •j;ei\crui  rorui--.  au'ain.st  r.'a-:  Carolina  troop.:^.  av*-  t..r  It- 
ness  ia  an  ivinu- :  turL-^ilence  and  refractoriness,  de^ei-tion.  .'ivl  '  - 
aba  11  1'.  araeat  <•[  tlie  enrtr prise.    To  all  these  oonolusiv*'  aaswar-  -.vai 
be  i'.'und  in  the  .Rec-ort. 

Tur'lii'- ^-^  >n  Arri'-hiq. — O^rlethorpe  arrived  at  the  plare  of  rende.-"  .v- 
on  0th  May.     On  that  (h\y  he  had  vvlrh  liim  Jl':'  a-^ai  of  hi-s-o^'p.  f 
and  125  aiea  •  ■  \  ■  ■:  a' . '    a'  i  i    a  a,.,/ a  a  v--.:;:a  .1  a.- r      i  a^-a"     . •  -  • 
l.i^;'Ut,  Max  .'-;:  ;a:a  ia.^a^a   k';w::y-'\     T..i-^  ;aa).^.a--  ..a.  ,  a'  ■ 
th^'r,..-s  ;"a;aaa-  --a.  t=;  I.feat.a  t  r.-.  ^kai'n.  2-ka  >[a;.'.,  i  '  ,  •  -  '  a 
ua-;-'-:-:-:  /.'      ■      ..!/a;;ara/a  Scja-' r ;  i '    a  ;     ■,  a:^    ■il-i-.v- :     ••  <  a,-'' 
a    -     .  ■,-  passed  into  Fl  r;..       .  ■a-.]  .-.n  the  .^-u.aaki 


ot  ha  a    a  ;r  va  I  r  - 

dca-.  :  .  ih:'  aa:-  .a.^,,  =       a     a-'   ■  -a 

be  rcarch'^<.i  fi^r  ti)ri  >t.  iJic;.:","  *5:c.    The  ab'^ve  »vritei 


,-oiil  forward  a  rarr  of  the  regulars  and  IndUiiis,  and  a  part  of  the  Caro- 
"iLjia  troop-i.  nn-ler  .Alaxwell.  t<>  tlie  attuck.  This  \va.s  the  first  eivjiTie- 
menc  of  the  ex-peditiou.  When  the  -rarrison  capitulated  to  Ojiloth  jrpe/ 
T^-ho  soon  came  u}>  with  the  remainder  of  the  forces,  Lieut.  SausrJure 
I  DeSanssnre?),  of  the  Carolina  Regiment,  with  Lieut.  Dunbar,  of  tlie 
General's  Kegiment,  marched  in  and  took  possession.  Where,  at  this 
time,  were  the  rest  of  Oglethorpe's  Reiriment,  his  regulars  and  Geor^ria 
troops  ?  Xot  yet  arrived.  When  ^1  '  '■  ,  n  ve  ?  On  the  13th,  toget her 
with  m.'>re  '.\f  tho  CiroUna  IR^gl:  I'^connt  be  true,  aiid  who 

can.  doubt  it?  then  the  tirst  en'^ajciiicu.  '  -    before  all  of 

Oglethorpe's  troops  readied  tiie  rendez\    >  .         -a:ed  in  by  a 

large  proportion  of  our  Regiment." 

T'i.rbal>  ii<\\  InPificieneij,  D 's-'rtl'jH. — These  charges  are  wholly  falsi iied 
b\'  the  evidence,  contained  in  the  narratl\e.  of  iabinir,  and  etfurt, 
and  promptness  at  every  alarm.    It  is  true  -that  the  lo/'..  ■••   ■  ''-i*: 
the.v  only,  went  oil'— but  they  did  so  long  afrer  the  plan  ■  /    .  : ;  , 
the  town  by  a  sudden  and  vigor-  ;  ■ 

and  when  sundry  prop. frr,m  \';-  ■■  n    havir..-  '  i 

declined;  there  wjs  -  Biiv  ti-  -      ,  > 

fi'^rn^::'         i-v        C^'-'i  .      •  1  \i  ■  ■ 

Wi':],  ■  :  ■  :  .-  -       ■ '  '  •  '         '  '  e 

dia-  .  ^    ■      ^  .  ■  ■    ;  ■ 

eiibi'  '  v.-hiuteer  in  Nvh:i*:<;-v-M  ■      :  ?. 

to  ii'-t  ni-  '.'i  i-i-.-?  ]■■■  :.•  •  ■  ■•as  failure  of  the  very  condition  on  i  -li 
the-"  '-^  '  V.  r    '^  ore,  and  left-tliem  free  to  obey  wh::  y 

th'.'  ' .         -  .  thetn  at  ho;iie.    -Farther,. they  h      .-•  -r 

arr.-  ^.  :  '  \'  '-. 'iie  f^x;i-''-iv- - -■    -  '     '.or -fi"riri.-e^  r.' .  1 

by  <i  ;         :         -       -     '  -        the  Caroii::     ,         i-jiit  there  v,"vj-^ 
two  ueserti.-''!.  •  —  a  ni:!ii  of  Ne^v  ^       -.^  i.    -ho  saececdi'<;  :a 

getting  away  ;  :  ..-  •••rher  by  an  T.risliman.  •■•  ■  •>  taken  ar.'l  -ii 
The  charu^e  _-...iu.-':  Capt.  Bull  is  refuted  by  the  !'jl:t  tiiat  he  \\  :'u-  l.!  . 
bearer  -Lcs  'rjm  fieri.  0;j:!ethorpe  t  ;t-!'-  Lieutenant-' r  .i- 

of  SoLitu  Car  >;Liia.  Saruiy.  tln^  honorable  o{ii..-e  v'O'ild  n-jt  hav  .  l.-^t-n 
bestowevl  on  :i  deserttr. 

Too  7>-:.-';/  .l'"'i-'l')f,'n'  fit  of  ilu  EaU  ^'i>riS'-.—-Th\<  has  been  ans\\-ered 
as  above  by  Bi^-hoi>  Stevens.  The  ICe;'  a-t  t  'O  r-hva that  <^^1.  \\;  nii^r- 
dussen  and  ids  Keuin-ient  roaiaiTied  x-,  rae  ia-:.  ar-^^-'-'tiia^  I  a^a^^-- ■>:' 
Georgians  u-elesdy  :^eiit  out  i_-y  nie  (h-nar"-,;' .  Ta.-  n  ^  ^r.-'i  wy:^^  -^t 
in  action,  was  becau-e  General  ()a'-  :  :  !-.j;''aH(v^l  '  -I. 

derdussen's  proposals  to  go  iiU'^  a      .    -  :   ^  au  h  rhe  ■t.'.:-:ad 

Idmself  described  as    hands-aa  _ 

our  Regiment  fr^'m  A na-tatia.  . 
St  hie.    Stores  .wlil^  .  .  .  -a 

Point  Quartell— t:i.^  '  \a-. ■       ^-   ^    .       ■ -a:ai::  .-r    .■  ,  .,• 

positive  orders  from  the  General,  who  \^        aU^>  ai  l')i;L  Jihy    ■  '.'jl. 


G 


Van'.lerdiissen  •  I  am  of  yonr  arrival  at  i^t.  John's,  and  approve 
of  your  <^\-pf"ltti(>n.'=^  landing'  «ni  Vo\\\t  Qaartell."  Yet  the.  rredit  of 
bringing  off  the  artillery  is  u'iveii  by  some  to  Gen.  Oglethorpe's  men. 

It  may  be  nell  to  give  :i  brief  history  of  the  Jleport.  Tlie  failure  of 
the  expedition  liad  caused  general  disappointment  and  mortificari'^^n, 
an>I  jniich  of  the  blame  was  laid  by  friends  of  Gen.  Oglethorpe  on  the 
Carolinians.  The  authorities  of  Sonth  C'arDlina  felt  that  an  invesiiira- 
tion  siiould  be  made,  and  in  July,  1740,  a  comiuittee  was  appointed  for 


the  purpose.    It  consisted  of  fh»^  A*t' 
Pinckney,  T^Iessn;.  Dart.  M.^ 
Hyr:5r3.  Morris,  Austin,  Hons.  . 
Atkia.    Tliese  were  among  the  nj' sr 
of  the  Province.    Tli.-^- •i  -v    -  *  p  ■ 
•  made  iheir  report  in  IT 
that  • 

sti;]  extant  are  jiiven  in  an  At;-  ■w,':-. 

The  main  object  of  the  n^r.,  ••  it;  n 
Carolina  troops.  U'hi'e  n  i:y  l  t-s 
as  probable  causes  '  i  '  h-rt  -         ^  < 

1.  Gen.  O-^--''      -     i-     :  :    ■  ' 
killed  iwi--  ■               ■  A'     .  .. 
to  witiiAi     >■  —  ;  i;v 
alar?uc"i  .ai  I  \      ^.-ii  the  alert      the  very  tin 
an,  inv!t.>i-:>u. 

2.  He  at: 
viz  :  St."  Fr:Vn «.!e  Pa'."'.i.  ar 
for.  as  at-:  c.^rs  •  y  lett'.-r.-r;  '.ik 
St.  Ai!---.-f 'ah  a,  r\,.,  < 
piy  of  ]  T' .■,  :-;.):: an^iu^uu 
and  s!x  li.uf  '< ^viAd! 
paring  r^r  ati-i  urLiinir  a  sini 

o.  b^-f'  re  the  arri\-:il  of  t 
^';\nd^.•;  diis^en.  withcMif  an; 
St.  John's  tv-  Take  a  Httie 
gustine,  '.vhere  he  stiend- 
reconnoi':re.    At  len!^:!!  he 
tw;-  nnl*;-:;  of  St.  Aii-rnsiine. 


•General,  Col.  Bre\vton,Maj. 
;:.  Motte.  Filioit,  Captains 
A  .hn  Colleton,  Edmond 
and  inteiliaent  men 


iier-urt  is  to  vinvlic- 
also  sugi^ests  the-.^-  'l 


le  W 


:ontt; 


d  and  cook  two  lilth 


into  tne  town,  a' 
would  be  cr'.i%\  d»- 
when  Tl,  Puhn. 
it  is  t«".»  h:.'::ar  ;  'M 
the  ciisi'-ri 
rarv  (jf  f 


.1  fr,r, 


Spanish  forts  on  the  St.  J(.'"hn  s, 
d  "Pier. bit-'.  Tlius  further  alarm  was  iiiven, 
■r;  i.V.f-; .  "vVarren  fr'.'fp.  a  ves-^t- H'Onnd.  iri*m 
i-  ve-!^-r  .'f  St.  -A  ii-ii-Aiie  prcs>r-r  -r  -  s^ip- 
1":;.  lieu'^e  tiic  arrival  rf  j '.■.-ions 

lanre  in  tiir  narrative.  Ail  th;s  while  pre- 
ien  and  vi^rirons  assault, 
le  <  ■•oDimodcre.  b^fi-Te  the  arrival  of  C-m. 
concert,  (^en.  O^i-crltorpe  passes  over  tlie 
l.i-a'io  f 'jr.  'viiliin  twenty  miles  of  St.  Au- 
;i!.i,ui  ti; T'/e  weeks,  sendinij  out  parties  to 
i;iar;'l,ts  v.ith  the  force  he  heal  to  within 
Tn.i  v.-h.in  it  was  eypt  a:  y-i  h-i  -.vt.s-.jd  pusii 
I--  i.r.hubi  ants  i'it  ■  tiie  x  ast.'e.  where  tin-y 
.[^.  rarpo^e  wtiS  rply  Tr  re"rnn'.'itr^^.  And 
ic.^a  ,1.  f'ariV  :n;a  (>  ii-a  'oir  t-'-vti.  lie  is  toM 
"     "  s  01. iy  caiiplyinK  with 

•sh.ai  r>  o;u.  a  cotenjpo- 
■;!■■     ii  1     ,u  ?iti  Tinar; 

r-!nniirire:  not  ti^ink 


to  make  a  feint 


like 


7-  f 

drams  beating;  and  colors  tiying  ;  to  hU  own  satiafuction,  but  to  the 
mortiiication  of  Eoen  eager  for  the  attacV:. 

4.  By  .examination  of  the  Colonel  and  Lieutenant-Colonel  of  the 
Regiment,  it  appeared  that  the  General  never  afterwards  called  a  council 
of  war.  Even  the  important  step  of  goinj^  to  Anast.itia  was  not  oom- 
i<  1  u  n  i  cated  befo  re  ha  nd . 

5.  I'iscontinuance  of  the  blockade  on  the  land  side,  whilst  the  inen- 
of-war  prevented  supplies  of  provision  by  sea. 

6.  X)igpos!tion  of  troops ;  not  effecting  a  thorontrh  siege  or  blocka«le, 
nor  allowing  support,  which  caused  the  allair  at  Moosa. 

7.  The  conduct  of  the  Commodore  in  giving  notice  that  the  slnps 
must  withdraw  on  a  certain  day ;  and  his  lukewarmness.  and  refusal  to 
give  efficient  aid  in  attacking  the  sraliies.,  or  to  leave  two  hundred  men 
to  man  the  battery  until  the  return  of  the  ships. 


The  South  Carosina  Hi-torioal  Society  has  long;  desired  to  publish  the 
Report,  and  is  now  enabUrj  t--  so  Ui rough  assi-?ance  from  the  State 
Legislature. 

The  Preface  and  notes  were  pr^par^d  at  the  de>:ire  of  the  ^ocie^y.  by 
J.  J.  Pringle  <:rdrh.  a  member,  and  submitted  to  the  President,  Prof. 
F.  A.  PoroLer. 


1 


IX  THE  i:r?ER  HOUSE  OF  ASSEA[BLY. 

Ti? t:  r^YjA  y .  2 ik  1  J u  1  y .  1 74 1 . 

Message  from"  the  (.ommoxs,  with  thI':  1vi:fokt  of  the 
Committees  ox  the  ExpEDiTHvNTO  .^:•r,  Augustine. 

Present — The  Jl  John  Ft-n Nviclio,  Edmond  At- 

We 

mitiee 

of  iht^  1^  r_ 

against  St.  A' 
our-  .  i.- 


The  2d  of  Junk.  1 741 . 

Yon r  Cojnniitiee  have  hitherto  been  prevented  fjroni 
raafcin.ir  a  ih-porc  t<.»  the  House  of  the  Result  of  the.r  li.- 
qnirv  into  so  ntifortunate  an  Event  to  tiiis  Province  hy  tht- 
Great  Diiiie^ihi.- 'vhevh  -h-y  h;.v-  niet  witli  Oi  •"rdi-.-'-rio^^ 
proper  lo. ■•  ^i  -j:  e-;'jii  j.no  \  oui. .iicio  iiyMvi  i^^-f-- os  uvmLi;  'O 
Dif-'-i- .o..vi  lo-iOi  '-:'  o;u;r-  <>f      -  riv-vi;- ■■•     r'frr;'-0';:'\: :. 

hatii  :\hready  pruov;':  e  -  ■i;'':_'L;  '•\  :'.^-^:ci\.    'I'l"'^"  I'liii, 
tlt^  htiULT  at  Len::'::.        ^-o.''.  ..e.'i  v-'iu-  e'- 'iniriu^rjv' 
maturely  weiirhed  every  tiun<i  thai  Of^eurred  in  the  (Amusc 
of  their  luotiirv  are  •  '    ^  th-.-s-  'janot  letter 

acquit  thoniselve?  of  i:  ^  . ;  r  h.-,  :  , ne.-^  i'uUv  an-^ver 
thf  ExpeeUi' ions      ihe  Hoi1>e  g.;  -    ' :>..u.:inir  a  .in-r  and 


\ViLL[A:M  IJULL.  J-vr,.  so 


10 


faithful  narnitive  (so  far  as  thi.n<i;s  have  reached  their  knowl- 
eJo'e)  or'  ihe  lufasuro^  with  which  ilie  Enterpri^Lr  formed 
against  tlie  Town  and  Castle  of  St.  Augustine  was  Con- 
ducted i]i  tije  iiehi,  froin  the  time  General  Ogiethorjie  first 
Lavitled  in  Florida.  This  they  propose  to  do,  and  tlierein 
notiiing  shall  be  contained  but  incontestable  Facts  collected, 
from  the  Atteste«i  Extracts  of  Journals  Kept  by  the  H-c ro- 
tary of  the  Colonel  and  by  the  Lieut.  Colonel  of  tiie  Caro- 
lina RegiQient.  fr;>in  Examination  on  Oath,  and  n-nn; 
Original  Letic:-.«  ■■^'^  your  Coniirtitto;'.  Thev  nn-r  -.^ 
pursuant  to  the '  :.s  il:;y  :  'i'-;:!:.; 

House  •  ':■       '\  ^     ■  .    '    :  ; 

succes:'  '.       -  '  ■  •  '    '  i.  .  i  r:. 

other  RcL:;.  :  X-  .ind  '";i^>ervati-;:;-  ii:/L-n  the  -\[:\\\ 
a[)pear  to  vr^.; i' '  ^^arv.    hwi  ■■:-:jr 

Cor.U!::'^'   •  ^  .     -  :     0--];r-^nd  llv  I,,..;..-.,.....;  y 

■    ■  ^   ■  - 

m   :         .         ■  :   .  ■   ■  :       -  ^      ■  ;^    :  '.■       '.      '  -v:;/ 

solar  in  aii  11:1- 1-,  ••kinLT  ot  tL:-  :.;vr.u':e.  T]i;:u  l^v 
br!-.:':;-  ;-;:'rv  ■'iin.r  K.i-.itK;^:  i'^  thi-  ar&ir  into  one  view, 
you r  Committee  may  be  tii-  l-^'ter  onolded  to  -make  tlie" 
Remarks  propo^.-sl,  and  ;u  rh-  -  im  v  .iiue  liie  prudt^iive  of 
tins  <k.-veri;niriir  nin\-  ,  :  -  v ^;.-:io!uly  Justiii*?'^  1:^  hav- 
ing ]Lii_;;;>rv"  1  \\.  fti;:t  i<=via::i;!c::  at  a  time  when  tlic  Prov- 
ince could      ill  atfL^rd  to  do  ii. 

St.  Augu^tirie,  in  [-ossession  of  the  Crown  of  Spain,  is  well 
known  t«>  bo  rritu  ::C  at  but  a  Littie  distance  from  hence  in 
the  Latitude  of  3u'  UO'  X.,  in  Florida,  the  next  Territoiy  to 
tis.  It  is  maintaiuiMl  by  ]]is  Catholic  ^Majesty,  partly  bi 
order  to  [)reservo  his  Claim  to  Fiorida,  and  parti v  rb;tt  it 
may  be  of  service  ^  =  tlio  St..ite  Fi«-'-.-t.s  when  coming  tiirough 
the  (ruif  by  showing  ;i,Lrius  t^/  in^vn.  alon?;  the  Coa;-;L.  a^.u  l>y 
being  ready  to  giv-  n-sistaiv:e  v  hen  aiiy  of  them  are  Cast 
away  "  n  :  -ut.  Tl.ie  Castle.  l:>y  tiie  Largest  accou.nt  dotii 
not  co>-v.a-  more  tliau  one  acre  of  '  ■  b  bu:  is  a/ib-wnd  <;n 
ali  band-^  to  be  a '[ilace  of  (rreat      ^  b-ein.c  a.  .--inni-o 

Fori,  Ituilt  with  soft  stone,  ^viri>  i  ;nr  n;:-riM]i^  ;  thr'  Cnrraiu 


{ibout  sixtv  yariL-  in  length,  the  Parapet  nine  feet  thick,  the 
[I;;nLi])art  twenty  feet  high,  ca.-?enuae«l  unJenieath  for  Loag- 
iri_r^,  arched  over,  and  of  late  said  to  be  made  Bomb-proof: 
having  about  fifty  pieces  of  Cannon  mounted,  some  of  which 
are  24  pounders,  and  h  ■  ■■'Z\  ^;>nr.ljy  i-arris(nied  •■'Hh. 
about  300  or  '100  men  ■  ■.'.w  King's  Uvgular  Trw^r-s. 
The  Town  is  not  very  uirge,  nnd  but  Indiiierentiy  Turn- 
fled;  the  Inhabitants,  many  of  which  are  MuJattoe.s  of 
savage  Disposition,  are  all  in  the  King's  pay,  also  being 
Registered  from  their  Birth,  and  a  severe  penalty  laid 
on  a.  Master  .of  a  Vessel  that  shall  attempt  to  carry  any 
one  of  them  off.  T''-  -  formed  :  Militia.  ;:■  -  '  '  e 
been  2:enerally  (.'oHi;       »      be  neai'  the  sa]:h_  k  .  u- 

btT  ■']■  Ut'L^'ihsr  Troops.  Thus  Rvdyimr  wholly  on  tlie 
Kh'i:'<  '       ■  s:;  i  >-i>L'  : .  ^  •  ;jht>  nev::-;"  ri.;rn 

t  ^        '         •     -  J. ■■•h"- ,■    ,  '  :'  ■iii'g  on  tV'i'-r;--ii 

.         :  ■  -     -        ■-.      :         of    Lit,:>,  tKr-y 

spend-  their  tin:'*  in  univvv-al.  i-vvp^jtual  Idlei'i^ss.     :'r  mi 

since  they  iunl  a  Ncighb-.'ur,  the  I'rrtits  -..f  whose  Ia.h.i--;ry 
excited  their  Desires  and  Envy,  they  Iv.wc-  not  failed  to 
Carrv  these  Ineluniriuns  into  aeiieii  as  ol'ten  as  th*' '  ' -e'd 
with'  ''.it  tie.'  e.-a-t  regard  n;  i'cuee  or  V\  ar  subsisting  ■  .  '-a 
tlie  Crown  of  Great  Britain  and  Spain,  or  to  siipulaii.jiis 
agreed  on  Ivtween  the  two  (.vovernmerds.  And  rh  •••  eri 
in  some  Cases  wherein  tlie  r*er:r^>])S  conecrne'.l  were  ;  '  .  ;d 
the  Circumstances  such  that  they  could  not  be  easily  de- 
tected, that  ■  ••  nmient  iiath  pretended  Ignorance  and. 
seemed  to  dis;d:-w  .thereof  ;  yet  it  is  certain  that  at  the 
same  time  it  hath  concealed  the»:se  perS'..ms  and  Connived  at 
tlieir  actions.  In  April.  I'  T*),  Peace  tiu;n  subsisting.:  h^^- 
tween  the  Crowns,  the  ship  which  the  Lrerds  proprej':  ;  -  <T 
this  Province  sent  over  with  tlie  fb.'sr  SeUJ^a's  aria'  in 
Ashlev  River,  and.  having  latided  tiiem,  went  to  Vi:g::da 
\:)  iV^t'di  a  -aa^Mh/  rji'  Pi'.;\'i-i' ais.  vVc  .  I'l^v  Ifvau.  Ti.-  ^  ^  - 
iai'd-  at  >a  .Viijustioe  heeiTa.:  na.a'';ar'  ia  ••']'-'  ■a^  ia  ■■. 
-'Tit  a  pariv  ai  a  vessel  tr-ia.  tlmra-e  D)] aa ■< : r  aa  ^'.s  ;a  •  :  k 


1-2 

them.  AccoriliiiGcly  they  Lan^led  at  JStorio  Jnlvt  en  their 
I  nicks.  But  those  sotilers  ha*.-"-  '  t-tmI 
themselves,  and  the  ship  Retur    :  ;i  iieiiei", 

they  imxdo.  the  host  of  tlieir  w  iv  In  lo^<>  Peace 

still  sun<i -ru's.  ti"-  I      1        '  ^ss  who  had  obtained  from 


\  'J] 


Granville  Coirity  hav 

at  Beanibrc  on  Fori:  .  .      ■       ■  .^i  Sovil 

thd  Spaniar  ^                       ■  ■  ii      .  .\ 

landed  upon  r  :  ■  • ,  .                      ^vj  ii 

beinir  taken  in  aiu-^'  ■••^          !     ■    ■  :  >'\-  nei:,,. 


cienrl  ^'        :  :        .    ■  .    y  ; ,    ■   ■  :  ,  i  . 

bur  Qr-::     ;  fir!-      ^'i;'.-:  ^rblcv  '  ^  ';.::-.;h  -vVn,- 

ton,  in  cLiiiins.  and  iu^  v-i:,  ni(>:-[  iniiLiiiKinly  buiTu 
In   IT'Jii,  ^  Ainib^   Iv/  •■-:i-::n:,u  W 

to  tail  -       :      .t--  bv  L;M::1  atthob^.-d^ 

hundre'l  Appu laebv-r   in-ai'U^   ir  un   bi;-n.;e.  T:. 
hidians,   in  bi^n  bhi!'  -A-iri,    rhi-    lb  '  ' a(.H_% 
kno\v[t"lLr*j  C'f  i^  and  -'./ndlbi- lii-  l\,]'rj:yv 
aijnnainrrd  onr  '  tiien  in  tin:  n.uioin  -x[--- 

this  arms'  '-vas  aet'ndi;^'  '".'n  the  rnareri  crnni-ic:  d«'>'.v:i  • 

-  il'.    -  :  ■  .\\  \n  live  llili-'       '   iJM.-;;.  h'::a!ivd  : 

and   vvt  : :  ■  .>r!n:-r  ;  :    ^ :   -  rrrues  '  ' 

evenini;  L n  -n: .;    n>;       b       b;-/-",  :,  ^-b  b.  ^ 

cliee.    l?i  the  moT*nini::  '  -  ■•■      .    '.:      iKc- .  - 


i 


;  ,;id  sli-'pi.  Immediately  after  the  Spaiuards  ..and  A['pa- 
iaclMn.'i.  as  was  expocted.  coiniMg  on  to  attack  theiu  iiivd 
and  run  in  upon  the  Blankets;  thereuj-on  tlio  Creek,-?,  vusli- 
ing  fortii.  fell  on  lliern,  Killed,  and  took  the  greatest  piU't, 
and  entirely  routed  them.  To  this  "sti'atagem.  was  owing 
the  Defeat  of  the  Intended  Design.  It  was  the  Latter  end 
of  the  same  year<.^ueen  Annes  war  being  ccnnnenced,  OoL 
Moore,  then  <'  '  •  '  Kis  I^rovinco,  with  Reason  Ex- 
]>t-eted  a  visit  i;- , . .  •.  -  ar:ls  :  ond  ir  hnving  been  sug- 
gested to  iiini  ih^u  ■  -j-.  '  ■  .--riiy  taken,  if 
surprised. '  '  :  ^  ■  -  •  •  •  ■  i .  !• 
ingly  r.  '  ' 
dred                                             ■ '  -  : 

hundred  uf  th^;!!.  ITv.-;-." . ,  ;::  /   ■■-  -  -  ■      .  ■ 

Bar  of 'St.  Au..  ;  '  J:  '  ;  i  : 

at  Juan's,  mar 

hundred  aud  ■        .  ■  ^wu  w'^: 

Old}'  ■    ;."        i^^'  •■•  :  ' ■      ,    ■  ■ 

month-,  a!. 'I  :^  .  .  - ■  .-d      ..-r;' '  ■      u  ^h(-  ]'_^~— v  /  ,- 

few  men  :  yet  Ud\\\i^  w  •  I    rr-^         r:,;-^.: .  ;o...i     ■:- .  : 
man-of-vvar  c.jmi-..    '  vi-^  i\  ih.-  ilav;i'  ... 

Coasi:l'^r:.!;-le  nun  ,  -  ■  n'd-i'onr  Laiun 

r*..n-^--,   .\\.r-n  Lnn'^n  '.m  .n^^n.  ;:,-y  weit^  o':i^,_  ■' 

Ketri^at,  hn:  nu?  ^'■n  r^ni  hrst  naming  iln/ Town,  la  l~''l 
Col.  Moore  was  i '  ••■.:.n'~-i(>ued  a  Lieut.  Oi-nl.  by  S]-.  y ■■•{■•'■.. 
Johnson  who  su-/  iiim  in  th»>  (.Toveriimenr  i-        v •. > 

an  Expedition  a::";::.  ■  -  i  J-n  .  ,^    a  J  In.lian-  a"  ,  \  ^  -  n - 

lachr'e,  ai»''>n'  eii^hw"  :u:    -  -    .     \  ■  .\  ■  .rustint/.  ■ 

same  nn-tives  riiar  n-;  ..:L\;__-  .na  i  ,  :  ntion  h:-.  .n: 
undertaken.    He  ni arched  u]-  i>..n.  •  n  the  hea.d  '  f  nny 


of  St.  Lewis's  Foi  l.  \.  n 
Iiid'tui-.  :ri  viii  j:  him  ;  '.l:  < 
uisno.n  Lu^nnon.  an  .  i 
d,ivs  after  the  Kimi  of 


1  i 

Fort  with  130  men,  sent  to  him  pre-^oiits  nf  Provisions,  d'c. 
anti  made  iiis  peace,  after  which  he  nmrr"  i  ■ ;  rli  all 
the  rest  of  the  Towns,  5  of  wiiicli  had  stro!  ;  ,  ,1  De- 
fences against  sund]  armies,  but  all  snhmitted  vvithoiu  con- 
ditions.   He  broau'  '  300  Indians,  being  the  wliole 

of  3T0Wnsand  I  ^  .  ir,-,l]  v  (h-h--VPd 

tliewholeot  2 '['".vii-,  ,  .     i'--,/.,,  ;.;h 

compounded  wu'l  is:!!!.  p;i>r.  of  St.  Le\M^'-.  :i:id  tlie  penple  of 
another      '    ^         '  ^.  "  ^    ■ ' ;  .  ;     ^ "  -  -  ^  ■     '  ■ '  ■ 

Town  v.';.; ,  '  ^ -      ,  .•.• 

P^ovince  was  freed  from  m::  V  !  >L!:._-  :  ;1  'lorhig 

the  wh-: '  ■  '   '   ■  ■     'i-  ' : 

out  r»U:.  ,  -        .v:;>                     ■                              hi  ]  7-"'>j 

the          ■  ■  >    -i-         A'^-astiue  j-':^^-;         Frenc^h  U'om. 

3-Idrtinico  in  nuiking  ny-  a  Fleet  of  ten.  sail,  \vi(h  ;>00 

me^\  : ; ■ '^'r.. a 0 : !  2t!0  In-'  to 

In-   '  .F_-.                   '■--F  n 

Fi -/r-v  "  ■  'i,       .  ■  ■-'.■r 

Chcjric^'^  f:':  :  irliln .\  >^i:\'iAj,  ^v-i-re 

they  Tr-r.^:,:: L  -  parue:^  ct-iiorr  cu  -Limes  I^-iarid 

and  Wanor  Neck,  pduudering  and  bornin.2:  Houses,  etc., 
'til  Friday  (•F!--^  Fai*'.  F^'inri^F:-  ^^Fng  from  • 

lown  \N"ii:ii  v-i^:  1  :  ■:u-dv''A  -u  FiaiM^an'*'  i:.  '.F 

the  Town,  upon  a  Party  of  130  men.  w nad  got  thither 
and  set  tlie  >hip  on  tire.  Fie  utta(^k<.'.l  tlurm,  KilF'd  and 
wounded  about  30.  and  took  seventy  Prisoners.  Tin? 
next  Day  the  sldp  whieh  had  lost  Compaiiv  -riF  n  rt 
appearing,  the  wdiole  fleet  s<'t  sail  air^iin.  In  1715  Peace 
being  sometime  concluded  Fetwitai  the  Crowns,  the 
Yemassee  Indians,  who  !xF*re  the  settlement  of  this 
Province,,  had  lived  in  ainiiy  with  the  rh.'Verrinient  ar  Sr. 
Au.^zustine.  but  afterward-  IF/v-  •  '  oid  Settled  on  a  F'-^dy 
of  land  opou-ite  Port  .P*.*ynl  i^.e-'  arinc'  ' '<  aitiiru' ei--<  to 
and  in  the  most  Intimate  manner  v;Fa  che  --aTi^-r-  io  -  aroe 


*NoTia— -rL)beavv  no  (i'^iiat  is  :.i!-.iia 


iliv-m,  were  so  far  Disgusted  that  they  Broke  out  in  war  with 
this  Province,  by  mas3acrein>(,  on  the  15th  April,  above 
eiglity  of  the  Inhabitants  of  Granville  County.  But  it  was 
manifest  th^u  they  were  prompted  to  tlii.s  severe  Resentuient 
'"f  :heir  usage,  whatever  it  was.  by  the  Spania^k  at  St. 
A'.igustine.  For  thougli  tliose  Yeniassees  had.  During 
Queer)  Anne's  war,  been  rin-  greatest  Instruments  of  Con- 
stantly Disturbing  and  i.  '  -  .  -  :ng  them  in  so  ujiKh  ;t 
not  a  man  dared  for  a  h^  '  t^'^  1:0  out  of  the        ~  f 

liw  Castle,  and  Destroy  in ,.;  C  <    -tie,  yet  on  h 

day  this  ^wu'  Broke  :  V- shewe^.^        -  . 

C-.':-  ]  V  .          r  '     -       ,    -     :   -     ;v.vay    •  .■\v 

V:\  .  ..  .        .         ...      :  -■  -     :_-:-to  A  :,-^- 

tine,  and  havmg  Kav-  u                         '     .  'vi:i.:  '  :  :  ;-e 

and  'C  '         '  ^               ^   ...  a,   -     ]  r?.^ 

em  i                    ■  -  ^    ■          a     :     ,       _  .^i  :J-  :::'l< 

fr.r.  -m   ,     -        ■  -..v.  :  -  V, 

EiiC'!!^:  —  '  '  . 

the  S.-"^  ■  :    '  ...  •    •  :  ■        ^     ....^    :  v:  ,l:  ^■/o-;. 

head^:-*]  bv  >a.ni;ivd-.  riioy  tiit  l-Ii  sovor:J  r'—  -oinc:-  oii'l 
Carried  oif  tiiCr  slaves.  The  slaves  tlie)"a--l ves  at  in-ngih, 
takiiij  ;  d''a!i':ii:'-  .froiri  those  thinir-^  'U--vrM:;d  oftlifir  i-vvn 
ae.;  -rd    ■  ^a^tiiiu.  aip]  upon  I'^'-rojinded  i  a';_ic 

by  this  Government,  they  were  nor  Returufd.  '-..-ut  such  rates 
paid  for  tliose  that  could  not  be  concealed  as  that  v- 
ment  was  pleased  tr»  set  upon  them,  'i'iiis  Evil  inc. 
although  Conll.  Barnwell.*  who  was  sent  from  h'..tie-.%  - 
d lately  after  the  Conclusion  of  Queen  Anne's  war,  had,  m 
behalf  of  this  Government,  then  Entered  into  a  Stipulation 
with  that  mutually  to  Return  any  slaves  riiat  should  for 
the  future  Desert  from  Eire:---;  OTOvernnient.  notvvith^tioe.d- 
ing  whioh  the  very  year  Fr>;iee.  .nir  in  1721/.'^  wi-h  vvhor;^  t:e!.t 


-Note- — Thi^  was  Coi.  Joi:u  Darnwr-e,  fae.cr  ^eT'.yi.  Nuinaie-  '  ;  ■  - 
Well,  tronti'.'ued  Ui^-r  in  the  Report  as  serviiu'  iu  e:,j.t.',e:e ;  :>{* 
v.e  e:.i--r/  aid  tu  Gc:.  '  ■■..•rpe. 

■rXuTL — There  is  soiue  "  •.-'•'T;  he r>re-t-.-,h! y  fruiJi  aiisphu-ernent 
. > I  '.V .) r< i s — b'.: t  t h e  se ns<*  e-  .  -tt'.l 


Goveninieiu  confiriDed  tiie  V.  vSti|,'ulatiou  :  iiotwitlistandirig 
which  tlie  very  yrar  following  in  .17_7,  Peace  l)et\vei.'n  the 
(..'rown-s  ooiuiriuiiiLj;  Frt-:h  Depredanoiis  were  comniirterl  on 
this  I'rovince  from  Augustine,  both  by  land  and  water. 
wliiLii  created  the  Expeiise  of  two  Expeditions  to  prevent 
tiie  [)rooTess  of  tliem.  At  tiiat  time  this  Coast  beiriir  in- 
feste<i  by  several  Spanish  vessels.  whiO  styling  themselves 
Gaurda  Costas,  on  pr  ^  '>f  Searching,  plundered  and 
made  Prizes  of  all  th^  .  :  .^  ish  vessels  they  met  with,  a 
schooner,  fitted  out  at  .Vugustine  on  tlie  Like  account,  put 
into  North  Edi--  .  ^  '•:.  rf  rlir-  men  nia<le  a  descent  and  car- 
ried off  the  \.\:  -r-']  Fci'gu- >u.  wl'iioh  wei:;^  never 
returned  or  pai;]  ■  'ii  >\il>  r  ^  ':;i^t.  Mor^^i'-v  was 
fitted  out  by  the  *J'.'V-.':'iinu';i w;!  >  i^'-i  i';.'-  '  ■  f 
those  Pirates,  a  ;  ■  >h]y^.'xX  :'. 
time  a  party  ^  ^.  i  '•}-  - 
from  St.  Augustine  .  •  ■  ^.  '''ir  '-ai 
an  Incv:  •  '      ■  ■  ■          -    -           -       ^  ■  ■    '  ^-      •      ■  ■    . '  ■ 

Pon,  \vi...         •  , 

man  on  the  sa::.  ■.c.y\c:V[^  :\\\.    .   :  ■    .  . 

oner,  a^  '.  ■  ilorses,  occ,  oci.:  ,  ijiu  bt'ing  L-":::ciy 

pursucvi  i..y  a..-  Nv-'J'  a-,  who  had  net  ice  of  it.  thev  -v-re 
overtaken,  routed.  .•  ,  ;  li-xed  t;>  quit  their  Booty.  T!;e 
Government  J-:^_-:-,;  a  .  ^ry  ;  •  'a  •■■  at  L:.;^;  ^  ■ 
Indians,  T-  -.v.  ..-^  r.-nll.   iydmrr  aa  iiiar  } 'i:a 

instantlv.  ^a,.;,-    lai  u.i::a  i^'i  wiar^'- and  the  Like  .•^^ 
of  Iialians.  landed  at  St.  Ju;ai's.  and  Lavuig  h;ft  a  -'ai:  i 
number  to  take  care  of  ihe  craft,  marcht-l,  unHac      ,  . 
the  Yemassee's  Town  wiaiin  a  mile  ut  St.  Augiaiin--  :U 
attacked  it  at  once,  killeil  several  of  those  i!idi;a:-,  ■ 
sevead  Pra  ai^rra  and  <lr'-vo      '  Ibat  into  Sr  A  :  .  ■ 
where  they  were  sh  ^av^al.  and  havi^a^r  !.>-'.d.rove«i  ta  ■  a:, 
he  Returned  in  the  i.v.:a;amg  of  ITJ^.    A  Pari;,  a 
Wanassees  havin'j;  [aaaa^'l  a.  Pa  »!f'Hkie,  -'iri  ^rised  <      of  our 
scout  boats.  Kile  d        ■    aian  out  P:aH.  '-a     ■•    'v^,.  =  ;  n^- 
nianded  her.     vjne  of  ai--  !i-lian^  s-iziia-  ;aai  a-  hi- 
erty,  saved  Ins  life.    L'  • ..  a.-  iCeiurn  ba^-K  to  St.  Auu;a  -  a..  • 
a  Debate  arose  that  it  was  necessarv  to  Kill  him.  for  tin' 


17 


Governour  would  not  have  them  to  bring  any  one  alive. 
But  Cape.  Gilbert  pleading  u'ith  tlie  Indian  that  clainvjd 
him  was  protected  by  liim,  and  upon  coniiiig  to  St.  Aui^us- 
tir!e  wa.s.  after  some  time,  released  by  tlie  Governour.  In 
the  Latter  End  of  I7o7,  still  peace  subsisting,  great  prepa- 
rations were  made  to  invade  oneidy  this  Province  and 
Georgia.    For  tliat  purpoiie  a  '  -dy  of  men  arrived  in 

St.  Augustine,  in  Gallies,  from  •   .  '  .-liich  put  this 

Province  to  a  very  Lnnre  Ex.-  -  .  .  .••e  against,  but 
hap.       •  itjy  were  '  :  ■  ■ ar^  ;^j^y  ^wro  .idy 

to  set  u if,    l:\  l'7'>'^ ^  >       ■     i.  and  Gover- 

nour John-^.-r; ,  ■     ■;  h.  •■-d  tlie  bt-'orf- 

menii<:'ned  «^r:  ,  .  ■  :  ,  ;  -  ,  taken  ui-  ;.>v 
the  :r  .r<ls  to  answer  '  -  ;;■  K^:^-.  n.]'  :-  -- :o  the  Govnrn- 
meirt  01  "St.  All:.:  "  ...  r  .-l  r ,     ■'  .-iAvle'dge,  much 

less  to  Justify,  I   .  ,:^ceb  cite  red  to 

our  Properties,  but  now  an  Edict  of  his  •  liolic  Majesty 
himself  was  Published  by  beat  of  Dr^-  'uid  the  town 

of  St.  Augustine,  wher-  omuiv  X^-ar-:-:  i^  ^  ^ii^i:  to  Eng- 
lish Vessels,  which  carriea  thitii^rr  Sup^-^ics  of  Provisions, 
vjCC,  had  the  opportunity  of  hearing  n,  promising  Liberty 
and  protection  to  all  slaves  that  shouhJ  u.-^rt  thither  irom 
any  of  the  English.  Odonies,  but  more  *:--p-.-..ialiy  from  this, 
and  Least  tiiat  ••>:•  ■;:!  l.-  ibcf/nr  i)i  itself.  Sc-uet 

measures  were  tai-cen  to  make  it  Known  to  our  Slaves  in 
General,  in  Cuiisequence  of  which  numbers  of  Slaves  did. 
from  time  to  time,  by  Land  and  water,  Desert  to  St.  Augus- 
tine, and  the  better  to  facihrate  their  escape,  carried  otf 
masters' Horses,  Boats,  occ--— Some  of  them  first  Commi  '  : 
murder,  and  were  accordingly  received  and  de.  ..  .  . 
free.  Our  i  r.  Lieut.  Goveru'r,  by  Deputies  sent  from 
hence  on  that  occasion  to  Signior  Don  Manuel  de  Montiano, 
the  Present  Govern'r  of  St.  Augustine,  Set  forth  the  manner 
which  those  slaves  had  1  escaped,  and  Ledemanded  theni 
pursuant  to  the  stipu'  '  •  iween  the  two  Governmaits, 
and  to  the  peace  sti:  -:-'  „  --iwe^:-n  the  Gruw ns.  Not --.-i 
standing  which,  t'.  _  -liiM  <d')\\;i nu-en:.  ^icknowi  :.  . 
thr.se  Slaves  to  be  there,  yet  producing  the  King  o:  "r^j  en  s 


18 


said  Edict,  ho  Declared  that  lie  oordd  not  Dei iver  them  up 
withoiit  a  positive  order  lV>r  tliat  Par[>ose  from  the  Kin.i:,  and 
that  he  should  continue  to  RerCoiTe  all  others  that  should 
ll.:->]\  thither,  it  havintr  been  an  article  of  Comphiint 
against  hii  rredecessour  that  he  had  not  put  tlie  said  Edict 
in  force  Sooner.  The  Success  of  those  Deputies  being  too 
well  known  at  tlieir  Return,  Conspiracies  were  formed  and 
attempts  made  by  more  Slaves  to  Desert  to  Augustine,  l)ut 
as  every  one  was  by  this  time  alarmed  with  apj.rehension.s 
of  that  nature,  by  great  vigilance  they  were  prevented  from 
succeedinir. 

in  the  ii-  .i.  -i  -  'i.L  ^  -  .    ■  \.  .  ■  - ^'i:,: ' 

town,  in  which  they  iv  -  ..  tf-:  ^  --t 

Cruel  and  Barbarous  man!  _  -       ■  ■       ■  .  ^ 

jl-jt  arm-  .  :  1  :'-.!'r:u;)n^  ^' 

Course  i .      :    v  .v:'.!.  ■  "  ■    •   ■ : 

Road,  but  they  marclieJ      sivi  . 

own  Sti'-  -  .  - 

to  a  par'/.-    .  ^         .  ■  .  ' .    ^,  v  i.^- 

ber  was  m  a  manner  E^.  '  ■  .  :  ,  ^  :  ;i  \  EnL':ii:e- 

ment,  wherein  one  fought  i^-:  i  ■  .  ai;'!  LilV.  rlu, --liier 
LOT  ^'\_»untry  ^-'--r  '\  :  _        :  ^  :  /      x'  . 

en-    .       =i  as  ma  -         -   . :  ,    ■        ■  i^e 

Ble--;1:L:    -1    l-  'il    the    y  .     ■       ,        :      liic  gl'OM'^'-t 

part  being  Kill  ^    '  ■      ^ivfi;.        ;  i:.      :l.  ■  :  n. 

escaped  were  s.)  :    ■  ,  :     ,.,,)d  h\\\\\<<'^.'.   :  .        ■  ••. 

that    m    tb(:'  hnJ  '1  I'vii:.;  ;         T^:..  11 

:!.nd  Exo-Uitd.     That  Uif  •        .id  Vi-  :nad- 

Ei-iirreution  had  tlwy  aot  E -i-  ■•■  A  :  ^ : -i;]:*.  a 
iEice  of  H^-Cf/p[ii .lUc^war-E  v  I'-at 

tlie  Spa:-:..;.'E  had  a  hand  in  p-r/  . .  th:-  r- 

Acii;.'n,  there  was  bur  A'^'-  Ei^r  in 

-  .    ^  (oceding,  Don  Pei]r'\  ».  ■  ^  .  •  .  .  ■       \u  Si,  Au- 

gustine, came  to  Charlestown  ura  Eaunrh  with  'lo  l<v 
men  (one  of  which  was  a  '  '        -^ike  English  very 

Well),  undtT  a  Pretence       1  a  letter  to  General 

Oglethorpe,  althn'  h».;  could  i,.    '        'iy  be  Fgnorant  tiiat 


19 


the  General  resided  at  Fre'lerica,  not  lialf  the  Distance  from 
St.  Augustine;  and  in  Eeturn  he  was  seen  at  Times  lo  |»ut 
iiito  every  one  of  our  Inlets  on  tlie  Coast.  And  in  the  very 
mo]ith  in  which  the  alcove  Insurrection  was  inade,  the  Gen- 
eral acquainted  our  Lieut.  GovV  by  tiie  Letter  that  the 
^Magistrates  at  Savannah  in  Georgiji  liad  seized  a  Spaniard, 
whom  he  took  to  be  a  priest,  and  that  tiiey  thought,  from 
Vv'hat  tliey  liad  Discovered,  that  he  was  Etnr)loyed  by  the 
Spaniards  to  procure  a  general  L^-  -^ion  of  the  Negroes. 
On  this  occasion  Every  Breast  w  .  witl:.  <'-iicern.  Evil 

Brought  home  to  us  ;''r^■  ■:  ^•  P.'-,  ^ /■  •■.-■Lki^'ned  the 

- " --iou  of  tl      ^     '     .  livv:  -    i     ^  it  i,;v:  ■•^^v 


-.;ch 


th  Ih:';^i!-et  we 


T 


-  \ '  -  . :  ^  t  ?  :  ;:.:t  Den  of  thieves  and 
:itp  oAid  Slaves,  Bane  of 
,  .":'iV;:d  iii  our  iiiinrls  all  the 
:.v"-./ived  from  riirii->3  ever  since 


^  ri-.y  had  from  rirst  to  Last  in 
Icdce.  both  Pubiiekly  and  privalely. 


VIS  and  Ne:2:roe«?,  in  every  shape-  luo- 
s-.T-ie  Iii.-:ances  of  uncommon  Cruelty 
-j^i-':'  u'jis  That  this  Governmeut. 'vn 


nev".  •■  •   ■■-Vi  wanting  in  its  good  ofnces 


and  even  during  Qu^-n 


Anne's  -'vr, 


exercised  so  much    Human  it  v  towards 


of  them  Prisoners,  a  L-xw  'w.v-  na.s.'.-'l  t-.,  -A'^^  tiitru 


m 


20 


that  means  were  brought  in  alive,  and  the  said  Rewnrd 
Paid  for  them, 

St.  Auo:ust.ine  having  thus  at  last  ohtained  the  R'.)yal 
Sanction  for  it^  niiscldevous  Designs,  tlie  matter  was  fully 
Represented  to  hin  Maje.sty,  from  wliom  we  waited  with 
Patieace  for  Redress.  At  this  Melaneholy  Juncture  lii^5 
Majesty's  Proclamation  came  over  with  orders  to  the  Lieut. 
Governour  to  Grant  Letters  of  Marque  and  Reprisal  against 
the  subjects  of  the  Crown  of  Spain,  and  v>'ar  between  the 
tvvo  Crowns  seemed  Inevitable.  The  Hoj^es  of  beir»g  in 
Such  Case  at  Liberty  to  Revenge  our  Liberty  made  that 
Desirable  to  all  which. •  •.  v  •  -v  time,  would  have  h --a 
Deemed  a  misfortune  r.     >  ....  E'ro'.dncc.  as  \v<:  k;...,v 

our  own  strengtii  was  Insuflicient  of  itself  jV'r  such  an  un- 
dertakmg,  and  we  P   v     ^  •■  '  ;     -'v'^  assi-- 

but  in  the  meantim>  .  *  '  -iich  tht-  :y  :;- 

iards  would  have  dur;-  .  ;  -:i^,irs  to  carrv  . 

the  schem;^  '  -  "  -  ■ 

to  every  in.        .  ;  i '.^  i:,,;..:-  :  ..v  ....-^ui.  ;  ■  ■  - 

nour,  bcin,_  ...  ..  ,:.e'i  by  a  <:r!:-iul^']n;ir;  'U-r  frrtra  the  IL.. ^m'-- 
nah  that  the  preparation-  raa-le  there  :u  IT'iT  r.'  Livad.'  us 
still  lay  Ready,  and  that  the  Spaniards  iiad  otlicn  D-:- 
they  should  make  use  of  them  for  that  purpose  the  ni  'it 
they  h:.,rd  ic  was  war,  with  Reason  now  Expecting  an 
attack,  wrote  to  the  Captains  of  the  inen-of-war  o:\  the 
Northern  Stations  to  come  to  our  assistance  accordiuL'  to 
Instructions  given  in  Such  Case  from  home.  Tiiis  wr--  ;'ur 
Case,  these  were  our  Sentiments,  when  on  ye  8th  Nov'r, 
1739,  our  Lieut.  Governour  Cornniunicated  to  the  House  a 
letter  which  he  had  receiver]  from  General  Ogletliorpe,  dated 
27th  Sept'r  preceediag,  wherein  the  General  a^^iualnte*!  ids 
Honr.*  that  he  had  then  received  ord^'r:^  from  his  Migesty, 
dated  loth  June,  to  annoy  the  Subj^jcts  of  Spain  in  the  best 
Manner  he  Wcis  able,  That  he  had  sent  up  an  ofticer  into 
tlie  Cherokee  Nation  t<j  march  down  into  the  Spanish  Ter- 
ritories, tliat  he  had  aisu  sent- ■Conimis.sions  into  the  T'reek 


*  Vide  A  pp.  N'i).  1. 


01 


Nation,  from  \vhenco  lie  iifid  advice  that  Tonahowi  with 
200  men  had  <j:ono  a*rain.st  tl\e  Fiori<ias,  and  that  he  liad 
sent  an  Express  after  tiiem  to  attack  the  Spaniards,  and 
believed  they  would  strike  the  first  blow,  and  that  he  h^iped 
the  People  of  Carolina  would  give  the  assistance  necessary 
that  he  miglit  begin  with  the  siege  of  St.  Augustine  bt4bre 
more  Troops  arrived  there  from  Cuba.  This  Letter  was 
followed  by  two  others,  one  of  the  6th  Oct'r,*  wherein  the 
General  told  his  Horu  that,  by  fresh  advices  fronl  England* 
all  was  in  action,  that  he  hoped  the  A-seml>]y  wouM  come 


into  taking  this  favourable  ( 
their  r -      ■      ■   -  ^  '  •  ■ 

his     UtiL.  :;         :       ...        ,  .  ' 

wherein  he  assured  him  ti;  ■ 
power  for  taking  St.  Augusti 
Spain,  that  If  we  did  nf't 
was,  natu^-^^:     ■'yi'^     v  ■  •  . 
propo-. ■ 

make  theia  occier.  liit:  iioi 
disposed,  nnpointed  a  verv 

matter  int:         -  . 
of  the  ui >TH>i  ILjq--         :  .  rre 

the    Pr  -  i-.        V--,  :     -  ^  : 


)pportu  i! 


niid  have 


: .  -  :-re  never  '.vas  anyUiing  m  wiucn 
-r  ■  riy  Coucernod.  Tlie-  Committee 
'l.e  greatest  1)^/11' ^enition.  On  the 
'  '  va]U;vL:-t-  that  would  accrue  to 
:  ■  ■ :  -i  wf  S^.  Augustine  were  --^-if- 
^  -.  i-s  too  apparent  h'-.^w  gr- y 
ov- 1  by  the  Drea'.iful  mortalirv  0;^^- 
;x  in  173S,  thr^  ,  '  \  ;i  .^ir,o 
by  the  vellow  fever  iii  the  year  then  I  yc-'.-n:,  cae  Pe. at 
the  sa?:..-  . r.Midy  ]>avi!iir  che^^ritilly  heavy  Tax«-s,  and 

a  miscarriage  in  tiio  ;  ;     d  to  vi^-w  Uit:  luost 

Fatal  conseout  i    •  •  ■        '.ae  very  Kati->nal 

Prospect  of  Suc-e---  .u-;--  ,.  .  ^  The  < 'v-anairrr-e 

therefore  at  (jnce  Expressirig  th<  ir  >t.e>:- -  .;;»-  -al, 
and  at  the  time  a  becomiia..  T-;- der:>es-  t ......  their  Country,  in 


pro.^-,^-:  .   .  - 
one  iiand  rhe  luo- 
the  Provia  >    •  v  r 
evident,  on  ;,re; 
our  Strength  was  R; 
sioned  bv  the  Sma^  1 


"22 


their  Report^no  the  House  of  12ti]  Decein'r  Recomiiieruied 
tliat  in  ca.-e  Geueritl  Oglethorpe  Should  think  pj'0[<er  to 
forni  a  Desij^m  of  besieging  St.  Augustine,  and  shouhi  Coni- 
municato  his  Scheme  to  the  General  Assembly,  and  should 
make  it  appear  that  the  same  was  Prol)able  of  being  At- 
tended v\-itl"i  vSuccess  of  taking  or  Demolishing  that  Garrison, 
that  then  tlie  Puldick  of  this  Province  would  engage  to  give 
General  Oglethorpe  tiie  Be-r  •  ■  nnce  tliey  Reasonably 
Could  to  put  his  Scheme  in  E;^  .  _  .*n.  To  this  the  House 
agreed,  and  tlio  upr)er  Ilouse  havi]ig  Concurred  tliereto.  the 
Same  was  Comm-; ■         '  tii-  n^rx  •       ^x  -::  \' 

nour  by  Lett^rf  to       1 '         :  v  i.-;.- 
Governour  sent  down  to      •  '  '^  -  ■ 

which  he  had  Received  from  the  Gv  rai  to  t!.e  f'..v-. „••  .\r' 
offer,  Dated  29th  Decem'r.  Therein  the  Ci-i-ral  K'.::i;ic~ 
rated  evervdih^- that  he  ^bought  I\r-;-~'onbb^ -ivi  >^  r!  x^ tv- 
for  this  1  '         -       ;  him  •  Si^z-x.- 

"Ai-:--  •      ■ "    :    :  .      •     ■  •    :  .     ^  :.'T  -  ■  -....^ 

for       "   ^      :.  ...  ,  .      ^'.v.,,.-  i'X.,".n.:^     ■  ;.      ■..  : 
aii  .       .  ■  -  '  .  :      • '  ■  vdc-v  Sutncj«;'nt,        ^  .  --^ 

or  WhU'^  T^  X  ^  iT--        /  ■     ;  :       /  ■ ' ,       Ua:ii!-  r0i 

m-"^i.  KxtciK't-   t,^  L>ig 

Ti\^:i-' ^  - .  ~,  ii.,.:  : ^^.^  ,  .  ru^<;incs,  Ii  negroes  l.u.i. 

wb.it.-'  :?:ii!'icierit  to  Guard  them  and  oversee  tliem, 

Ves->-l-  ;\!;d  I'^-JnU-  ;n,;:,-  r^t  m  ^..'arry  ihe  Artilltry  men. 
Provisions,  occ,  fi  of  t'-^rn  *.-r  i^i-^-,  proporti' 

able  thereto  for  1/  .         as  many  I [  "ii-cnjeu  a-  t>-;Ti 

be  had  for  4  montiis,  Provisions  for  -iOO  men  of  Iris  =  ^ n 
Regiment,  at  the  Ihitoof  1  lb.  '  I  ■  ^      I  1  lb,  ■  '  : 

each  man.  WLtii  I> '^;us  for  Cjvv/:.,.,.       St.--  _ 
and  the  likv  allowance  of  Provisions  fur  '2'  Geon:; 
Equal  to  tiie  narnber  of  s  '  "  ■  ;  h^'  should  luave 

behind  iiim     •  'h^:  nui:;  .  r  ^x         rvj^n  b^'  exp^-jted 

from  us  'A  .  :  ,  ;  .it  was.  as  ^-■■T  ~  -  !y.''j  I'^-n. 
He  mentioned  also  that  he  could  march  400  men  of  his 
Regir;..  ]::'\ ■  ■' ■ '-'^  f-r-b:-'-  ""i^. 


NO*  li*?  ha<l  .^'Ot  hivt  I 'J  Horses  for  til eiri.  thai"  lie  should  have 
*  Iii'liaus,  ihiit  the  Cherokees  liad  ProDii^i-tl  to  be  dow  n 
in  Miircii,  that  he  expected  the  Creeks  the  siirae  time,  ai-d 
that  lie  had  a  Party  of  tlieai  with  him  for  Some  Months, 
and  that  lie  had  Cohonis  and  1,800  Siiells.  This  he  said 
v'as  ills  opinion  witli  ilelatiou  to  the  Preparations  for  Dis- 
lodging the  Spaniards  at  Augustine,  ^rithout  whieh  it  could 
not  certainly  be  done,  then  he  took  notice  of  Some  Induce- 
n.ients  for  us  to  Engage  in  the  Ujidertaking  immet.liately, 
\'iz :  That  If  we  did  not  take  the  Happy  Opportunity  t-  •  " ' 
Si.  Augustine  whilst  it'  was  weals.  t}v^  H-ivannaii  ■ 
blocked  up  by  our  men-'  o  -^l.- 
ble  of  Receiving  Succ.(;ui  ' 

as  well  as  Carolina  and  O  .     .  : 

that  as  Soon  as  the  sea  was  fre-.-  rge 
Body  cif  Troops  from  Cio    .  '  o    1       ■  oiade  at 

the  Havannah  Some  tin.L     ^     .  _  .     ■  ^'  j- 

this  Province)  were  still  t!ie;;  .  . 
Land  in  Florida  we  ma  si.      .::  •  •  -  war;  dit-y 

might  choosu  whom  tOi;:   .   ,  '  .        '  o  ^: 

all  North  America  with  T';      or:  '  -  v  ic  /  o;  ..  .. 

iiim>elf  t<i  do  all  tiia^  ::o.,vo:.. 
Enoniy,  as  his  ^[^  -   ...  o.o     .  -    r:  -  rio 

Personal  Labour  uj;  :  o  .  ;  .  '  j 

place  from  whence  th  o  X        ^  .v.  .   .  - 

saerc  their  Masters,  and  were  openly  iLiri;otir'.--l  afu-r  -ooh 
attempts.,  Lastiyjie  ■  o-t  r':/       ;.,i.,r     i-.o  1 

the  Island  of  Am.-H:!       l  :-;:0%^  o  ^  „      'iio.,:--.  _  i 

occasion  he  liad  •  .  lii  1- ir;  '.:,\t  ilie  Indian.--  oov- 

ing  pursu^'d  iii^'oo  'I    i  '\o'  -     o.     :  o,  ■ -■ 

runaway  from  CaruO  o       o_;  oi.  u  I'^-v  uo-,-       .V,o,  . 
On  the  4th  February  ih-  lo  o.it.  Oovernour  s*jor  o:.,-  oi^  ]  ^  ;:-- 
'2  other  letters,  which  he  ha-i  Il:-co[vv>.I   L-'on  the  fl'-oi-.r  i. 
In  one  of  these,  dated  2od  January/"  hv  !  •     ..;  -       j :  Oi  r 
that  a  Detachment ' of  h is  Majesty's  Tro  :^  -  .  i.  :     ;  ;.:y  of 


24 


Indians  had,  on  the  8th  of  that  month,  attacked  and  took 
tht^  Fort  of  Picolata,  on  the  Siaith  side  of  St.  Juan's  River, 
and  Fort  St.  Francis,  on  the  North  side,  which  Fons  com- 
manded the  Ferry  over  that  River  and  the  Passairo  from 
Augustine  to  the  Indian  Nations  and  the  Gulf  of  Mexico. 
In  the  other  letter*  he  says  that,  by  the  Examination  of 
Several  I'risoners  which  lie  had  taken  in  Fort  Francis,  lie 
found  Augustine  had  been  greatly  strengthened,  a  Covered 
way  having  been  made  Round  the  Fort,  vvdiich  they  thought 
would  be  Soon  finished  ;  that  the  Longer  wo  delayed  attack- 
ing them  the  Stronger  they  would  be;  that  he  had  hei-i  a 
council  cf  war,  by  whose  advice  he  had  made  out  the  prepa- 
rations necessary  according  to  the  present  Circum^tan'^es, 
and  that  Capt.  Heron,  the  Bearer,  would  I^ay  b^r"»rethe 
General  Assembly  the  assistance  nec^-.^;irvt  for  bringing 
the  Undertaking  to  an  happy  Issue.  Tli--  Estimate  of  tiiat 
assistance  accompanieu  the  ?ame,  co^^  '-i  one  Regi- 

ment of  Foot  of  600  men,  3  Troops  of  Llangers  105  men,  SUO 
Negroes  for  Pioneers,  160  white  intn  !<>  guard  and  coerce 
them,  50  men  for  Officers,  &c.,  amoiig  the  Indi:v- :  6 
months  Provisions  for  all  those  and  for  400  men  ids 
own  Regiment  and  3  months  Provisions  for  2,000  Li d^.^ns, 
as  also  one  Gmi,  Hatchet,  and  Pdanket,  for  each  of  il.em, 
besides  those  other  ntrcer'^arys  mentioned  in  his  !■,':;. ;er 
Letter,  dated  ye  29th  De>\rriil'er.  toa;et}ier  with  an  (k)  acct 
of  the  ForcfS  upon  the  Establi'^hmenis  at  St.  Auguyinie. 
which  the  (.General  had  from  t'ne  Spanish  Prisoners  iv.  '.■  . 
St.  Francis,  consisting  of  924  nien,  besides  ye  Town  }viiliiia, 
Indians,  Negroes,  and  Traiisports.  The  House  had  S«.''iie 
other  Inducements  to  assist  the  General  to  the  utmost  <  t  ii< 
Power,  not  mentioned  by  liim.  He  had  already  proceeded 
to  such  a  Length  with  tlie  Indians  to  Joyn  in  this  Under- 
taking, not  only  after  but  before  he  had  begun  to  consult 
measures  with  this  Crovernment,  that  he  could  not  nos.^iblv 
go  back  without  bringing  the  English  into  great  contempt 
amongst  them,  and  Etcuderinir  it  impossible  ever  after  to 


A|>p.  Nu.  8.  t  A       Nv.  \K 


r 


prevail  with  them  to  join  in  any  other.  Perliaps  also  (as 
we  know  the  Indians  will,  in  time  of  war,  join  one  side  or 
tlie  other,  and  some  of  them,  particularly  the  Creeks,  were 
ah't-ady  waverini^.)  the  Disappointment  might  Incline  many 
of  thern  to  Join  the  Spaniards,  all  of  which  would  be  of  the 
most  fatal  consequence  to  us  ;  on  the  Contrary,  if  they  struck 
the  first  blow  with  us  tiiey  could  be  relied  on  During  the 
whole  war,  and  if  we  should  be  so  fortunate  as  to  Reduce 
trie  Castle  of  Augustine  of  the  strength  of  wjiich  they  liad 
conceived  so  great  Ideas,  our  Reputation  would  be  Estab- 
lished with  them  forever.  Considered,  also,  that  by  the 
Reduction  of  that  Castle,  a  Sur--  '  '  '^'''-O  ■  ^^w.  ,,3^ 
occasioned   tlicrebv  in  iir.  '  _  '     ,^  ;T-^, 

Scout    ■  ..: .  T'l  ■.:--i'>,  ,.  _  /  ' 


a:i-\  v.:)(-  ot  the  Garris     ^  ';-id  been  h        ■     yet  tht-  1'/  = 
ents  to  the  Indians  had  b^  -  >  T:  '  ;  ,      ■      ..1  tiierci lud 
those  Red^i'^-:  ;::-]Lts  were    i,-;co:;:  •  :  --^ry  liiari 

ever  to  be  i> ^ 'lislied.  Upon  th' -.I'.l  other  Con- 
siderations, before  n;  :  .  ■  .  ■  tL-'  U  .-^.-^'.  i '>  ,-:;VvT-::  rhe 
greatest  Cheer^'  '      -  '       •        -   .  iis  Power 

to  the  Gen'^:'L.'         ■      :  ^     :  ^  -  Province, 

or  to  l' . •  -  w'tvY  into  a  Ojriain  Debt  for  tht-  b;;re 

atter-ipting  rr>  remove  its  Evils,  the  siu:-:—-  ■){  wliich  atic-rnpt 
nay  even  the  Probability  of  it  being  as  yet  Dou'otfiii.  The 
Same  Committee,  as  was  before  directed  by  the  House  to 
take  ur,-;-.rr  <  ''.tvS'';"r.\ti«»u  ri.e  fur.'Li*'>in2"  Eetc^^rs  and  hsti- 
mate  of  assistance  Sent  by  the  <  rener-;!  ,.  ha\-ing  condor re<l 
thereon  with  the  Committee  of  the  Upp-e:;  H-'.-use,  on  the 
5th  February.  Reported.*  '•  Thai  the  same  would  Exceed  the 
Sum  of  £200:492:10,  which  the  CV;nii;iittee  w.-i.^  of  npiniou 
was  an  Expense  too  Great  for  this  I^r-v,  inee  tu  i.>ear :  But 
"  Recommended  that  If  tlie  fjleneral  would  irndertake  the 
**  Expedition  against  St.  Augustine,  and  v- ■  u > ;  >.  ■  ■■\ ; fy  to  the 
"  <  teoeral  ..\;ssem]>lv  that  the  sani^       -   b:        P.-  "f  iH-imx 


*A{.j).  N'o.  11. 


23 


"  iiiiviu.^d  Willi  liiu  sucC(^:-s  i)t  taking  that  Garrison  with  an 
'  assi-iau'-e  from  this  (roverninont  of  an  pxn*rnse  aniount- 

ing  to  the  Sum  of  ,i:li!0,()lH),  that  then  the  Piiblick  of  this 
"  Province  wouhl  be  willing  to  be  at  tliat  Expense  and  to 
"  Provide  for  the  same.  To  this  botli  Houses  agreed,  and 
"  the  Committee  being  further  Directed  to  make  a  Caleula- 

tion  of  what  nuTnl)or  of  Forces,  quantity  of  Ammunition, 
"  Presents  for  Indians,  Provisions,  <ic..  miglit  be  transported 

to  Augustine  for  that  sum,  Reported  Otii  February,'"  That 
*•  the  same  was  stitHcient  for  the  payment  of  Foot  to  con- 

sisi  of  S  Comr)anies  with  60  men  each  (besides  Field  0th- 
one  Troop  of  Eangers  49  men,  300  white  men  or 

-iOO  liegroes  tor  Pioneers,  with  Utensils,  Presents  hv  1.000 

Indian^,  10,000  lbs.  Powder,  20,000  Bub 
"  Transportation,  Cr)n'i:';:r^;t  Charges  and        v,^;.:,-^  :  r 

ye  v.-hole.  to  be  c-  ■  ^)  i' i/n:/ This  Pc-oia. 

lion  V  -  '  ■  •  :  ■  :  ;  ■  'lext  F-  :  ■  '  .  Lieut.  Gover- 
nour  :      .      V  :  \  '  /  '::'jr  wuh.  Cci'I'Lt:  ' 

prnpt.^-   ,  :  _    :. .  \  _  -    V  '       ri'vdated  wu:.         .-  r 

carrying  on  the  Expe«;i  - i'>n  in  v  .  -iiould  undertake  it. 
To  ih:-        ^■    -  :   '  Lieut.  G'  '    .     '  ^  '■.:[■:'! 

27th  F-i/  -  '  f;..u  I.'.'  iiod  Recei' ^  ; 

Letter  wy  .-         .,--.-'L         ih-i  If  ho  roiiM:  -  ■ 

thinL."-      "i:..'  LiL'  Lr'^nr^:!  -  :.L,'.^:  : i-' -i:rler  ^  '  ]  L  :i- 
he\\^^''   ■    ■  .  L'..' ,;i  ;-M,jwn  ixnn  c-usnlt     irii  hny  aod 

Tile  .\--jL.'A;-\  \1   !:ur   he   ^L-uM    V'Tifir  'il'jFr  V\\]v: 

Thtj  Lxenerai  canit  to  Gharlestown  iLie  'S]d  Marc::.  >n  L 
by  letter  to  the  Govtra^'ir,  Dated    iLidi,  waleh  wix-  I 
before  the  House,  desired  his  Hoi; our   t-..-  ae-suaint  !L<e 
*'  Asseniblv  that  he  was  come  to  c-n.-ult  inea-ure.-:  n  ull 
them  f.-r  ■       .Lai:  rliat  Enrarr-ri.-e  to  a  happy  Coneia-ir-n 
with  tL-:  M;i,a.---r  Fxpense  •■^f  rn..'n  and  nio'nev,  ft.rr  whieh 
pur; it  worLid.  i-c  i.>est  Invmedi.itely,  wiiL  wbac  ynen 
'*  coulL  be  had  to  make  a  sud'lea  iiita-mpt.  [if  thi.-l  coiL  '  i:..t 
'*  be  Immediately  made,  that  ilie  only  ot'oer  liieasure  v,-;,.i.dd 
be  trie  giving  him  at  present  ^ueh  jiarr  .f  th  >  assistance 


"  proposed  as  nn.i>;iit  Keep  the  war  on  the  other  Side  of  6t 
J.>hii's  or  Miitha^i  luvor  iinlii  the  Fall,  durini;  wliich 
*'  time  Preparations  rnigh.t  be  made  for  the  Siege  Expense 
"  within  the  sum  voted  by  the  Asseml>iy.   To  this  he  add^d, 
"  That  in  case  neither  of  tliose  assistances  coidd  be  giv^ii, 
"  he  should  be  obliged  to  Draw  in  the  Troo|;s  from  the 
"  advanced  Posts  and  bring  th.e  Regiments  together  for 
'*  making  a  vigorous  Defense  in  one  p'lace,  and  If  he  was 
*'  put  under  the  necessity,  that  he  should  lose  the  advantage 
*•  already  .gained  by  the  taking  St.  Francis,  which  had  cui  off 
**  the  Coinmuuication  of  A   ...  :  -;  rie  with  the  Appalachees 
and  100  men  of  their  O  uiison  then  at  St.  Mark's.  nd 
the  Spaniards  would  again  he  ni^^ters  of  St..  Johh  he 
"  Path  to  the  Creek  Natio/  r>.       .     '     ;.i;d  i.l  i;i0- 

lesting us  fro:^-   ■  h  ■ '    -  ■         \\    .  \\[v\  'x:\  - ■  '■ --o- 

"  lutcly  neeess.L:  .   •  -  ■  -re 

"  upon  the  way  an.i  .  :  -  ^'n  k:^'  -:  u-'.vrn 

"  it  wu:-  !V,.:-.:,r  r._.  ,   ;.      i..::.,:;-^  . 

takei.  .  '   ^  ,/         ■  :x:  :-  wirh  tliv  l 

"  ni'.riv  ■  •  ;  'j.-r.-.y..  ..i. --:  =  Mijiy,  If  i\.  :  \  A\k  \  ii.  '  Tlie 
House  h.r.--      :    -  •  ;     •       :   ^'-^  A  .. ' :  ]v,v:,- 

Estiiiicire         .      .  .  '  i    '.m:..:  ii:. 

woUi.i    ;  '  '..iw   I'-i:   iLuu:;ng  the  Sa;iii;rn  PiX^  on 

Au:^u-'  :  :ii;i'>ned  i^v  rh- General  in  tlie  said  Letter  as 
the  iirs:  'd  to  be- tidvcii,  tne  Lieut,  ^'xovernour  procured 

the  same  from  Hit-  l.h-neral  and  sent  it  -i'-'wu  to  the  Hrjuse. 
oil  the  -Will  3[;..rcli,  IT^ij. Thori/in  t'  .e  General  pr<i'> 
That  one  Regiment  i>:  l-'o--'t  should  be  raised  Consi.^tiijg 
of  400  men.  to  be  .Engaged  for  3  months,  a  Troop  of 
"  Ran^er^  r^r  C:utlc  niiuu/r.-  AF  they  craiM  A;   j  " 
enoiigh  u  Pr»>vi-i.^::  ^  i      '.i.^j  -ame  f^'T  tiutt  tinie,  aii-i  ,!i>o 
500  Indians,  4  nu^ntiis.  wiih  i^rv;^-;!?-^     a  (tud.  Ha'cbirt, 
"  Blanket  and  some  Paints  eacii.  vv-.v-.-U  lor  Trausportanon 
of  tlu:  Forces,  .c-..  I -','h\' i  ■--■■■'.\\-:\:\y  oi         r>v:u  :;V;n 
"at  Purt  Ruyal,  5,0i)0  w:  I'^'  v/d-r,  b'j^oo  wt.  BuUl-ls.  lioxnuj 


28 


"  Flints,  200  Spades,  Axes,  floes,  or  Bills,  Medicines  and 
Surireous'  Chests,  8  six  |.»oun'lers,  2  Small  Brass  Field 
"  pieces  at  Port  Royal,  the  mortar  pieces  here,  arid  shells, 
the  Coliorns,  as  many  shells  as  could  be,  200  Rounds  for 
the  Cannon.  Mortar  pieces,  and  Cohorns,  20  pair  Cart 
Wheels.  Cartridge  Paper,  etc.,  etc., and  a  Sum  for  Contirigen- 
cies  ;  adding  that  if  these  preparations  could  not  be  had 
within  14.  days,  so  as  to  set  out  from  Charlestow n  vrithin 
"  that  time,  the  Enterprise  would  hardly  succeed,  th..'  ■   •:  - 
took  the  Town  and  the  Castle  should  Capitulate,  ]i  . 
Expenses  first  proposed  could  be  savvd.   But  if  the  Castle 
**  should  make  a  Resistance  beyond  '    ■   -ration,-'!:  - 
"  Battering  Cannon,  Pioneers,  Provisici;.:  .     them,  I  - 
"  and  Provisions  fjr        al-'V^^  Indiaii-s  Powder  and  : 
"  Utensils  for  the  Pioiieers,  in  the  " 
"  £120,000  voted  -hould  bf  erilcit'd  '  ■  : 

"  Trenches  in.  O)ctober,  and  r'-.-rce  .     ,  .  -    .  . 

This  w;--  .  :  '  1  !>y  a  I.'jiU'i'  t',^  ti.ie  Lieur.  -■■v- 
"  nour.*      '  ■     ^n-':vL-^^      ■  :  rh;;v  <is  it  ^vd^  o\ 

"  could  he     :  -  -    m^Jl't  i:.;  :  Ufiur^jil,  that  ili;    ■  .  '-L 

"  undertake  tlie  alcempt  v.ii\\  iUwX  assistunoo,  and  ibn'. 

"  Pearce  had  assured  him  that  If  we  were  Ready  in  1  -x  J  -'avs 

**  he  would  assist  ih-r  niidcrtakins:  w-t!)  his  Majestv's  -\'n'- 

'*  to   t;!c  UimO^t,  and    D^'-irt-l  li^.^l  r  an'^\'er  l  >: 

"  miii'ht  se!id  to  Sr.  YLd\-erron  Peyton  to  join  him  with  hi^ 
"  40  Gun  Ship  then  at  Vir^riida/'  On  Considering  this  Vlr.n 
it  was  the  unanimous  opinion  of  the  House  that  t!-;  -  - 
plies  therein  mentioned  could  not  possibly  be  pi.  i-  d 
by  the  Government  in  so  short  a  time  as  was  Requiied, 
and  theref:)re  as  the  House  had  then  the  Greatest  R^-ason 
to  think  that  that  Enterprise  would  not  he  unacrt:.k. n,  it 
directed  their  Committee  to  Ji.an  the  Committee  <ir  ih>.t 
Upper  House  and  to  Enquire  of  the  General  svliat  siivi-hes 
he  thought  would  be  neces.-ary  to  .Kte})  tlie  war  n-: 
other  side  of  Sc.  Jr/hn's  River.  Accordingly  tliurt-  \v:\< 
a  ConU^rence  of  the    Conmptti-i-s   of  Botl)    Houses  tlic 


^App.  No.  IS. 


29 


same  day,  at  which  General  Oglethorpe  was  Present,  as 
was  also  Oa|)t.  Pearoe,  the  C'oriiniodure  of  liis  Majesty's 
Ships  then  in  these  parts,  and  Capt.  \\'arren  and  many 
other  of  the  members  of  tlie  two  Houses.  The  (.reneral, 
being  accpiainted  with  the  opinion  and  Direction  of  ilie 
House,  still  proposed  making  the  sndden  attempt  upon 
St.  Augustine,  and  otTered  to  stay  a  longer  time  for  the 
supplies.  He  Represented  to  tiie  Committee  "that  he  had 
"  private  Intelligence  from  St.  Augustine  that  the  Phice  was 
"  in  the  utmost  want  of  Provisions,  that  it  was  certain  a 
great  pan  of  the  Orarrison  would  Desert  to  him  as  soun  as 
"  he  should  appear  there,  and  that  lie  di-l  r-'.t  .h  ■  '  .g 

himself  master  of  the  Triwn  ^he  first  lii;.. 1...:  ;1- 
titude  of  women  an^i  i  "  "ii-  i  i'v  fj  .  •  -lii 

"  thence  into  the  CasUe  rnu-i  n^'rc^-arHy  :  i: :  ■  ,:-  :h 

being  immediateh' lulloweii  by  ;^-  ;^tvtj ai  b 

"  would  undoubrcdly  T-.roduce  .  irrender  :  i]  :;r  hi 

Case  the  Hav  .  ^'  y  '  ]  '  .  our  Fi---  '  >  .  -re 

we  '     '  a  ■  .         '    ■  ■     ■  -1  a'a  vv-  .\  in 

all  Pa;.      :.ay,  raa.^  i  au.  a:  a.-.-        .      a.  Sr.  Aa^.^aiie 
than  let  it  fall  into  our  lianas.    At  the  same  tiiae  the 
Commodore  promise' i  to  aive  all  ii. .  -  •       a      ai  his 
**  power  a;  l'^-  Ei'tf---  aa-^-,  aai-larina      •'       a-vru-a  ,;ai-wer 
"  for  It  a  have  no  .        .  ■;y  sea.  and  ti^ey 

ought  all  to  be  hanged  if  they  did  not  take  it  in  a  very 
"  short  time."  These  were  Frtsh  aii'l  >  '  /  bndueeraari- s  : 
here  was  a  scheme  that  appeared  r:.,  .  ...  and  ia_iaa 
Probable  of  being  attended  with  success.  It  K:  a'.iily 
occurred  to  the  Committee  what  Glorious  SucOl—  had 
often  Crowned  attt;mpts  of  >uc;'<  a  nature  merely  iv'  •ni 
their  Sudrhaniess  and  a  ,a aai,-  Execution  of  them.  We 
had  ourselves  the  Examples  of  I'olaio  I  I  ahiiel  arid  Colonel 
Palmer,  who,  tho'  nor  bivd  soldiars,  y^t  letl  on  by  thair 
own  Courage,  happily  Flfocted  tlieir  sudden  attempt 
which  tliey  made.  In  this  we  were  to  havtj  a  ;';d 
who  prolt;^sed  to  have  Learned  th*        '  .       :  wiiv 

pretty  early  under  Prince  Eug^^  ,.  -  aaa/iit 
King's  Troops,  5  .men-of-war,  th',u    '    a,an:,  viz 


30 


Fin. liiborou.irh,  CoTriiiioclore  Pearco  :  Tlie  Stiuirrel.  Ciipt. 
^\  arren ;  The  Piirenix,  Capt.  Franshaw ;  The  Tartar. 
Capt.  Tovv'n^^liend  (all  20  (hui  Ships):  t!ie  Spence  Sloup, 
Cap't.  Lane:;,  and  3  more  expected  in  time,  viz:  The  Col- 
chester, Ca]>t.  Simonds,  of  50  Guns;  The  Hector,  Sr,  Yel- 
verton  Peyton,  of  40  Guns;  and  the  Wolf  Sloop,  Capt. 
Dandridere,  and  a  large  Body  of  Indians,  besides  our  own 
f>>rces.  On  the  otlier  si«le,  tlie  utmost  v;ant  of  Provisions 
at  Augustine;  such  another  opportunity  was  like  never 
to  present  again.  Induced  by  these  Fveasons,  as  well  as 
by  a  General  Reflection  on  our  cases :  considering  also 
that  when  we  had  done  every:!::;  ^  'r., 

selves,  If  we  misoarriv  '  v;  ^  -      "  a  -    .  \  . 

of  an  effectual  assishu      :        .  .  ,;  .  .         ^  ivh 

some  ambition  of  sharing  ui  ? ! . . •  ;  ^i-ry  i  lii-  M;:  -  -  - 
arms ;   The  Committee  in  their  1:  li-.-   ;  / .        ;.  it 

to  the  Hou-e  to  ^--i-^t  Genl.  OH•le^^■^■^:^■  .    .  _  ■  im- 

mediate :  -  "  r"->'\-;3  au<l 

necessaries  as  be   though:-  ;  Ej  ^  r ' 

according  to  bis  own  Plan  -i::.  ,]v.'  [• ' ..  -rrl  ^;;:;  , 
the  same  f-  -r  one  month  Luuj^er  tlian  liad  tu--/."  -c<.L 
being  preveiued  from  R-!-(ji!i]i]fudii:;j  ^>  iijr»ntiis  in  the 
whob)  by  t]iv  (.'a].-t;i.ins  of  liis  }daic'.-ty"s  ships  I>eeLiri]ig 
thai  th-'-y  i-'.niA  l  a  -A:\y  h »nger  on  cue  C;.'asr,  as  the  liur- 
ricane  season  would  come  in  betore  the  Expiration  of  that 
Term.  To  this  Both  Houses  lursbng  agreed,  art* I  the 
General  having  entered  into  some  stipulations  wib. 
Government,  an  Act  v;as  r^asse<.l  April  the  5th,*  17  . 
carrying  the  same  into  Er^eeution.  An  Exi)edi  ion  aga.iii-t 
St.  Augustine  being  then  concluded  np<>n  although  on 
ye  footing  of  a  sudden  and  vigorous  Ert  ut  being  rna.de. 
tiie  Levies  of  men  were  instantly  earrieil  on  with  the 
greatest  alacrity  in  so  pleasing  a  Pro-o-ect  of  suc-t-ss. 
Several  Gentlemen  of  Interest  in  tb-  Country.  <lis;-; .v:  r- 
ing  a  Rvs.;.>lutit)n  to  go  as  Volur:-: ••■ -r-  in  tiie  Expedition 
independent  of  the  other   Fu3ves.  ixt  tlu-ir  reque-it .  the 


*  App.  No.  42. 


31 


LieiU.  Governour  Connnissioned  (^'npt.  Rieljard  Wrig-Lt.  to 
••■>miiu!nd  them,  Imt  liisTructed  hiiri  to  oi.ey  tiie  Oncral  in 
all  rimes  of  aetion.  This  Comprmy  consiste'l  of  47  men, 
\\z:  32  Gentlemen,  officers  and  }nen,  and  io  Country 
J'M.rn  Exp.-rt  Tra.sty  negroes  (besides  S  settlement  In- 
dians who  would  join  tl^jem  and  no  others,  and  olfered  to 
serve  on  HorseWck  or  foot.,  as  oceasion  should  pLequire). 
Lest  the  supply  Granted  Should  not  prove  sufficient  fur 
the  End  proposed,  the  House  voted  an  addition  of  200  nu^n 
more,  besides  which  the  Lieut.  Governour  7*urchasp'i  in 
order,  at  the  Inlet  of  Metanses,  at  the  ■  : 

Augustine,  a  Large  sehoon  /  .  •  [  1 

12  Swivels,  which  might  g  ^  1 
3iot.    She  was  manned  with    ^  Il-i' t'^  i.  ;  ^e 

her  as  serviceable  as  possible,  as  the  n\ i  w.:/:.:  ••• ..; 
fit,  on  some  occasion  c?r  other,  to  j>':^  ,  :  . 

tbat  dlii-r-nt  rnniniunrls  J..ap=: 


I'-::  ! .  IS,  to  be  at  hand  ~ t-i-i'  t;::-:  ^  ;^ 

for  tliem.  and  thus  l;avini;  niu^jl!  .f\x«;e(- Li-i  Ui^j  <.T'?Ti;:-r:u  s 
own  pr«;;'''-a: ,  ti--  Jj^r;  -  "s 

oau-rc;    ciii't    U.--'  u        ;  .    :■        i^^c^!:  ...o 

airreeable  Exr.-.-  r.:ih'>n  -iioccrs.  In  the  meantime  the 
lIfV'"':'r      l  : -  ''ar.  niTiv^^d  froin  ^'irtrinin    -  ' 

a  sliiT)  fivLi        ■  :     .        ■C'ii  with  ivarlik^'  -r<^:v^'     :  ■ 
General.  Go[.      /   _^   •  '  .  /ihine  htriug  for -t  -L-::*-, 
which  was  6UU  lbs.  of  Gan  I''^-.vd;/i",     And  his  Jvlaj'-iy's 
Declaration  f^'' v^  \v  ^  :         ^:    ■  i^^  to  Jiand,  was  i'L'.'- 

claimed  in  j--:  .  ■     ,  .  .    :  1  .  ,v,-^  )n-  at  St.  Aiii^M.^::!;^ 

was  in  the  .-troiigest  m^inner  Confirmed  by  Letters  f';»u'id 
on  Board  a  Sloop  which  Capt.  Wuvveii  hnd  ::iktn  off  Sr. 
Augustine  Bound  from  thence  to  Idavanr.  :r-.  7'.'-'''ii-2  a  iM--t 
melancholy  account  tht;re^)t,  and  also  — 
Augustine,    The  Lv^ies  {<:.•;■     '       :  _     —      .  hi  d 

towards  the  Expedition  wlic  ■  -hhi 
from. til e  passing  of  the  Act,  Soo;.     .     •..        l  .  and 


having  been  Detaclied  away  from  time  to  time  with  all  the 
Provisions  and  Ammunition  necessary  to  the  General  at  St. 
Simon's,  or  if  he  was  gone  from  there,  to  St.  George's,  on 
the  north  side  of  St.  John's  River,  the  place  of  licndezvous 
appointed  by  him.     Conll.  Vandr'  :  to  whom  the 

chief  Command  of  the  forces  was  gi  ...  y  tiie  Lieut.  Gov- 
ernor (with  Instructions  to  proceed  according  to  the  Gen- 
eral's Directions  dur^  ■  e  of  action).  Embarked  on- 
Board  the  Commod'  "  .  '  -  '  the  12th  of  }day. 
Your  Committee  ha  .  .  ,  -  ;  view  of  the  rno- 
tr.--  y.'.-i  Miced  the  Legi-^-;  .  ■  ;  ;  ^aaeral  (j^le- 
tLjr.'c  LI.  '  .  ■  "  ---  ■  - 
Ujoting  \'           .          '  ;     - .           .  ^ , 

thereto,  "  /  -    .  i.  ■  _         ; --./pu- .^i,  :         .:  ■ 

c  JL^usr;  of  iii,-  i     .  -x 

T:.  .-         ■     ■    '1  v'„  :■  \.  :  :  ^'^rd       t]-;-  C.:  lA-rai  in  ti...:  .;cid 

NARRATIVE  OF  THE  EXIMCDITIOX. 

On  the  9th  May.  1740,"^  G-n-'r!,:  '':-[-i'ii:)vpe,  -v-haz 
forces  onl\' V.  ■  ^  then  arrived  at  St.  GeorLr- rhe 
piacc  of  t.^'.i;- i  :r         V  ./voiis  0  ^r':-:'-]  on ,  ^■^.];:-^stini:  ;;f  'Sj:'J 

lan'l  Company,  {:vra  of  tiie  Carolina  Reo-iment.T  being 
th--  iirst  Detachr:..::v:  uiid:,;r  the  Coiamand  (■■:  '"^'..^ra. 

LicUt.  ^Maxwell  r.;.d  '^a^iar:  ..>;aiiirer  and  103  Li  b  :..-,  of 
which  9  Were  Creeks,  tiie  rest  Ciierokees,  there  btiuLi  then 
no  other  Plt-kl  ofiicers  of  Either  Regiment  on  :h--  .v .-.•t. 
passed  over  from  tlieuce  into  Flori'la  and  encaUi[;  r;_:h: 
opposite  upon  rh-  Sp;;>;i:ih  sideuf  .•^L  Juan's  River.    H  ..v-;:; 


-  A  pp.  No.  22. 

pa.  r  _::ra*-nt  reached  it  'arraav 

nicutioii  of  e'arwiu.iau:-  uiuvii-.'  liii;  L-jr^cd  cUiju^e-i  in  the  taking  of  Fort 


i.he  Iiidiaus  to  recoiuioUre  the  Country,  ti;  v 
brought  in  ;i  Xeirro  Pri-oner  hito  at.  night,  and  gave  an 
aecnuiit  of  a  Fort  whicli  tht^y  had  seen  about  lialf  way  to 
St.  Augustine.  The  Xegro  gave  inibrmation  that  4  Gal  lies 
vere  fitted  and  numned  for  this  River.*  On  tlie  10th,  in  tlie 
morning,  the  General  leaving  only  20  Invalids  of  his  own 
men  and  25  sick  or  ailing  men  of  the  Carolinians,  under 
tiie  Command  of  Ensign  Sterling,  to  Guard  the  Transports, 
Consisting  of  2  sloops  in  his  own  servicv,'  and  -1  schooners  in 
that  of  CaroUna,  on  board  of  which  was  the  Aramuriition, 
Provisions,  i^cc,  and  taking  with  o  4  ;  ^^nder  and  some 
swivel  Guns,  marched  out  of  !■       .  -  ,  'f  the  Ki!i.'2:"s 

Troops,  100  Carolinians,  autl  lU')  Indians.  ■  .;  ■ 

visions,  to  attack  the  a'/   ■  M .  -        -  .  lUat  nigiic  at 

Lacawela  (the  hrst  Pa;:  m>       -     j^-acluur  ;i:^,:)ut 

10  miles  distance,  '.v;        4 Spaniard-;      i  •  : a  L' ^-■_>: Lt), 
where  he  was  oblige  ;      L      ■  ■;.     -      ,  •    ^ -  -aiid- 
deep,  having  no  Ii    •  ^       ;i  '  .  - 

unable  to  carry  th-.     .       :  r     i  .  .     •  ! 

Capt.  Lieut.  ^Lixwuil,  'X:'.\\  a  i---ir[y  !jf  lIj-  L^.  gular  Ti'ui:ips 
and  of  the  Carolina  Keginion-',         ■  P •  '  ,l 

party  of  Cherokees,  tu  Invest  r:._  .  :  P.  ..:^  ■  ■..i  ..  .Il'S 
further.  On  the  11th  tliat  panv,  at  orcak  of  day,  attacked 
it  and  Burnt  a  I'  '  '  -'i-:  '/y  it.  i^ur  t':  ^-^'^  ^niards  hrrd 
strongly  upon  U:.--  i;.i'y  w^r^'ui^liL  :  irtetire.  Aij -ut 
2  in  the  afternoon  the  Ofeueral  came  up  with  the  whole 
body,  and  having  sent  out  the  ludians  to  hunt  up  the  Span- 
ish Horses  and  Catrell.  ro-le  K ■.•and  to  view  the  F'>rt.  '•"■.e 
Spaniards  continued  hnng  till  night.  \^'hen  he  Surr'.-...  .  .u 
the  place  with  Guards  and  ■Ccai/i-s,  0>n  the  12th,  in  t he 
morning,  the  General  sent  one  of  ids  Srninish  Prir..tiicrs 
with  a  Drum  to  summons' the  Gairi--a  -dacu  ther^  ai-  ai 
otfered  to  Treat,  and  thv-  Tr. .-ag  a-lvO^l.  a  ag 
Declared  that  they  wtaa-  aalaag  to  givc  up  their  a'.,  :/,  -jf 
Plunder,  the  tbllowiag  articles  of  Capitulation  were  ngia^d 
upon : 


*  App.  Xo.  23. 
3 


t  App  No.  22. 


V>i 

Ist.  That  tlie  Garrison  ^^iiould  surrencier  Prisoners  of  war 
and  deliver  up  the  ForL  ^■v•ith  llie  Cannon  and  Stores,  to  the 
King  of  Great  Britain. 

2nd.  That  they  <hould  have  liberty  to  Keep  their  Bag- 
gage, and  not  be  Phmdered. 

3rd.  That  Seignior  Diego  Spinoha,  io  whom  tlie  Fort  be- 
longs, being  Built  at  his  charge  and  on  liis  Lands,  should 
hold  his  Slaves,  Lands  and  such,  other  Etlects  as  were  not 
already  plundered  in  the  Field. 

4th.  That  all  the  Deserters  and  Negro  Bunaways  frorn 
Carolina  should  not  have  the  Beneht  of  this  Capitulati<>n, 
but  be  Surrendered  to  Discretion. 

Tne  Grarrison  marched  our,  Consisting  of  oO  men  (of 
which   some   were   Negroes),  an-  ■  ^  /ii'-li  was  Don 

Diego  Sr/h'jola     Lieut,  r^-;-:'-'!-      ■  VTciieral's  lv*';^i- 

ment,  and.  Lieut.  Sau---ur.    I'  the  Car<'iii;:i 

Regiment,  with  a  party  of  ea<;h  eii'.t".-=l  and  took  pos- 
session of  the  Fort,  -  id  2  Car^-' 
of  2  pound  shot,  be-;  iv  •■  .^^..i  ^- .  i;  .-v  --:;!:-  tiii-  ]''-■' 
well  Known  by  the  name  ot  Fort  Diei:-'>.  being  situated  in 
fine  Savanna  LaiVi-.  vdri.  Fr-d:  water  B--'n;I-.  about  20  miles 
Distance  fi^om  ^i.  Aagu-ai.ie.  and  ubi.'ur  o  miles  fron.  die 
bead  of  a  Creek  vrhieli  hatli  its  Entrance  at  the  north  peiut 
of  that  Barr,  v\ais  :  .  -[v  a  Caw  Paa.  1  •••/longl.ng  to  the 
above  Die^;)  Sr-::ad.a  ..  .  •  aatto.  who  Keeping  a  Large  Stock 
of  Cattle  t  lie  re,  >e.ppia.-  I  :i.iat  Garrison  frequently  with  Beef. 
For  his  own  sar».  ay  a -gainst  Indians,  he  had  pallisaded  his 
LI'-;-;-  Round  with  Cedar  Piles  about  1-^  feet  high,  haei];g 
2  tiaukers,  but  no  Dit'di  v,"it]e>at.  Of  late  th.e  Goverra^a;r  uf 
St,  Augustine  had  -pared  him  a  sergeant  and  16  ujen  to 
defend  in  case  of  need,  whicli  vvan'a  Relieved  weekly  ))v  the 
like  number,  and  it  so  Ha pp>en in g  that  the  Relieving  priity 
came  here  the  night  before  it  was  invested,  was  the  Ri>a-on 
wdiy  so  many  were  ^aNl  in  it.  As  soon  as  the  Gate  was 
taken  possession  of.  an  alarm  came-'  that  sua>a»urs  were  come 
by  water  and  the  Horse  liy  land  to  reliC'Va'  the  Garrr:^on. 


^  App.  :so.  22. 


•:»..) 

L'pun  til's  tiiO  (.(tiit'i'ai  iiiarcljcd  lo  iuett  tlicin.  Theludiaus 
I>iscovere<l  sonie  Horsemen  who  rid  olf,  and  the  General, 
going  to  the  Liuiding  ]:)Uiee,  about  3  miles  from  the  Fort, 
found  2  large  Launehes  tliat  Rowed  with  20  oars  each,  the 
men  of  which  had  forsook  them.  The  Indians  follo^ved 
them  on  their  track,  but  the  Ground  at  Last  proved  so 
Thickety.  it  was  to  no  ])urj;)Ose,  yet  they  caught  about  -10  or 
50  Horses.  The  General  having  marked  out  an  Intrench- 
ment  to  be  made  Round  Fort  Diego,  and  left  Lieut.  Dunbar 
in  it  with  a  Crarrison  of  oO  men,  returned  to  St.  John's  with 
a  few  LTorse,  Leaving  the  Rest  of  the  Forces  to  march  at 
Leisure  witli  the  Prisoners  after  him.  The  Day  after  tiie 
General  marched  from  St.  John's,  persons  who  had  the  Care 
of  the  Craft,  not  thinking  themselves  safe  where  they  Lay, 
on  account  of  the  GalH--  ^  bi-iiy,  had  run  into  the  River 
under  Cover  of  St.  Ge-  ..  -  -  i-'ort.  which  was  bui  a  poor 
Shelter,  f':»r  there  wereoi!-;y  p.vo4  poun<lers.  on*- of  wliich  had 
a  naii  or  bit  Broke  in  tii'-  'i  =  '  '  .  On  'li-  LJtb.^  ^bo 
General  went  over  to  St.  G-.-li^:.  -..  .  a.-iv  Lit  hi.  Col.  L  a, 
ALijor  Heron  and  other  othcers,  wt-r^:-  arrivt-d  with  anoiiier 
part  of  his  Regiment,  and  waite'.l  Ire  orders,  and  .  le 
of  the  Carolina  Regiment.  On  the  lOih  instant,  as  luv  i.  ai- 
voy  arrived  within  sio'ht  of  Fort  Diego,  some  Spanish  In- 
dians tVom  the  Woods  having  fired, i  shot  a  servant  who  was 
lead  in  the  f'^n-raLs  Hor<e.  and  Cut  otf  his  head.  The 
General  witli  riir  liighlambjrs  and  Troops  enterevi  tlie  W'X'ds 
on  foot,  and  having  pursued  them  so  hard  that  thtrv  v.  ere 
obliged  to  Dro[)  the  Ht^ad  .  followtd  tlicm  as  f^.ir  as  the  Xegro 
Fort  Moosa,  witlun  Sight  of  St.  Augustine.  There  ap]>ea]'ed 
2  Spanish  Launches  on  the  River,  an<l  a  Body  of  Hor-e  anil 
Foot.  But  they  retired  as  .soon  as  the  English  came  within 
.2  miles  of  them.  The  Rangers  caught  30  Horses,  and  o* 
possession  of  several  Hou-t's,  v/liicli  rdie  General  preserved 
from  Burning,  some  of  them  being  spacious  and  g-od 
buildings,  it  seems,  he  thought  fit  tor  Quart'  r-  ibr  tht-  -i'-k, 
etc.    Thi-v  all  Returned  to  Fort  St.  Diego  the  same  night, 


*  App.  No.  'I'l.  t  App.  No.  "J2. 


30 


having  marched  that  Day  not  less  than  40  miles.  On  the 
iStii  iht'  Geiieral  KeimiK'd  to  the  Camp  at  ^St.  John's,  wliore 
Lieat.  Col.  Lejeau,  of  the  Carolina  Regiment,  had  arrived 
just  alit-r  he  Left  it  the  loth,  ajid  Major  Colleton  and 
several  other  officers  after  him,  with  another  part  of  that 
Regiment.  The  same  day  Col.  Vanderdnssen  arrived  on 
Board  Conunodore  Pearce,  in  Company  with  the  riia-nix, 
the  Hector  and  Squirrel  then  lying  oif  the  Bar  of  St.  Au- 
gustine. On  the  J 9th  the  General  went  on  board  the  Com- 
modore and  Returned.  Again  he  made  an  agreement*  with 
Diego  Spinola,  who  was  then  at  Liberty,  to  pay  him.  for  all 
his  Cattle  that  should  be  Kill  •  -  e  as  the  King 

of  Spain  paid  ].bn  f>r  tii  -  :^  Garrison  :  and 

also  if  he  wou'  .      '         /.  ir';.  h;-^  :  '       '  '     tint  for  fai 
to  allow  him  a  Certain  Price  per  head  for  ali  that  he  -i-  idd 
drive  up,  not  belonging  t-r.  hi'i,..<'--lf.    T'-'  General  a--  ^••ib- 
lished  an  ordert  forbi'  :ireYcr  t:  .  ;se 

any  Horses  .  from  the  •."on  ih?:  •  -of 

Either."    /■  -.ni  cHih.:  i--..-        ■     •     .        'i^r  !  ... 
On  the  -  ,  ^ .-. ;  at  2  in.-  ti^o         i..^  ^. : ,  '  .u-^rj.: 

ordered  to  Beat  to  arms,  C'Ol.  Vander'i'.'.--.-ii  went  to  him 
to  Know  the  Reason.  The  (Jeneral  ■  ■  G;  that  hv  ii:>.<i 
Re-.:'::'''v '  .^-'vT       '-^''n'jh  he  .  .  'ruied  -\:  - 

Sp.-...:..  .  G      ..;  of  Si.  Au,;_aMi;ie  in  v;iG::;-  rr, 

attack  Fort  Giego.  and  i^a^^  a;-[^];u!v  I^v.-rMj  tlie  ]'ki'-. 
Major  Heron  was  ■  ' i .  ■  1  a.v.-ay  inimediait^h'  with  50  ni-.-n, 
and  all  the  Rest  o:-' i  -i  •-;  to  iiiarch  at  Breuk  of  I>ay  with 
Days'  Provisions.  About  o  in  the  morning  the  (jvi:.  \\-A, 
taking  Li'-ut.  ('.'oh  Cook,  marched,  and  h.^aving  a  Conir..iny 
in  his  Camp,  marched  with  about  '^50  men  of  the  Car<'iiiia 
Regiment,  leaving  1  Coni'-iUiy  ai:-')  ii\  that  Camp.  The 
march  was  so  hard  and  tiie  Diiy  so  liot  that  B'l;  lanued  tor 
want  of  water,  and  Dropped  by  the  way;  2  -^i  tlie  General's 
men  died  on  the  march.  At  Lacanola  all  the  Troops  of  both 
Regiments  halted  till  about  sunset.  Bitt  the  General  him- 
self with  vt'  Hiiihland  (..'(.mnanv  w:  tG:  .-d  on,  overtook 


App.  Nu.  23.  f  App.  2so.  I'.S,  i  App.  No.  24. 


37 


]Major  Ileroi]  and  r.rnved  in  sv/ht  of  Fort  Dies^o  before  sun- 
set.    Having  ^enr  a  Detaelnneut  to  see  how  things  were, 
they  brought  word  tliat  it  was  a  lahse  akirm,  occasioned  by 
the  irarrison  and  Indians  in  the  woods  tiring  tlieir  ariiis  to 
clean  tiiem  after  a  Rain ;  \\'l.iieii  ye  Hunters  'twas  Said 
mistook.    Then  the  General  marl^ed  oat  a  Camp,  about  the 
saroe  time,  Just  before  Sunset.     Tjie  Ti'oops  ended  iheir 
march  from  Laconohi.  having  mounted  on  Carriage  wheels 
the  4  Pounder  wliicii  ye  General  had  left  there  in  the  sands 
10  Days  before,,  and  was  now  drawn  by  20  men  at  one  mile 
Jj ."stance,  the  way  to  Fort  Diego  striking  up  from  the  sand 
over  a  high  E.idge  of  Land,  the  '  >  '  ^  '  '  :  ■ 

culty,  helped  over  by  our  men,       ,  . 
Diego  Spinola,  who  was  left  ]>y  t:         .  ••:  to 

the  Troops,  and  a!         ,  -  l;.-:;^       '  ^  ;.-r 
was  but  9  milea,  He  .:.i::i-:a  ■  ./ 
they  did  not  reach-  Fort  D"  .  ni  i;. 

There,  no  place  beii  l    :^  ■    _  :         :    ;      '     th  y  .■ 
obliged  to        J  .v^  ^  '     in  im-  : 

the  Prisonvi-  -..iiiv.:  ^.u^,  ..'i:.;  ironil  , 

to  St.  John's  were  this  dav  just  put  aboard  tiie  man-of-war, 
and  the  rest  by  the  Generar-  r-n  b::K.;i\i  :]u;  .  •. 

Transports,  some  of  which  Laitta-  no  ^^v,v  ^i:-A:;oli-'.i.  i.  ..  .  ..y 

Guard  placed  over  them,  made  their  tsoape.  Un  -^sr. 
the  General,  taking  CoL  Vandordiissen  wiih  him,  and 
Lieut  Cc»l.  Cook,  Major  Heron,  and  Capt.  Horbury,  all  on 
Horseback,  with  a  few  Highlanders  on  Foot  and  -•:nie 
Indians,  went  from  For:  Diego  towards  Angus: ine  t-..  i- - 
noitre  the  Point  near  the  Bar.  They  went  on  Wiiii  suck 
speed,  the  weather  being  very  hot,  that  the  Indians  left 
them  bef':^re  they  got  half  wav  :  The  Hiiflilanders  dropped 
down  by  the  way,  one  of  whi-  h  I  :u  the  luarcli,  anvi 
Lieut.  Col.  Cook  and  Capt.  IF.  "in  years,  ar- 1  v-ry 

faint  from  excessive  heat  an.]  •■:  -vf-r.  iy  th^-  G-neriu  d 
Directions  returned  back.  The  General,  C'A.  "N'anderdussen 
and  Major  Heron  Kei;t  -"ai  '  ^  '     '.'^  of 

Augustine,  in  sight  of  r [;...'  I-  u. .  i./iving  •  ;  :  /•..-••i 

tlie  Ground,  they  got  back  to  Fort  Diego  about  2  in  tht^ 


38 

iTiornimr.  heartily  fatiur-ed.  having:  left  tlieir  Horses  at  last 
unable  to  walk.  On  tlie  '22nd,  th»i  General  and  Col.  A'lin- 
derdiissen  went  down  to  the  Camp  at  St.  John's,  where 
Lieut.  Col.  Cook  was  gone  before,  in  order  to  get  up  the 
arnnmnition  and  i'ro visions  to  Fort  Diego.  That  day 
another  j^art  of  the  Carolina  Regiment  arri  ved  there,  as  also 
Lieut.  Bryan,  with  part  of  the  Company  of  Volunteers.  On 
the  23rd.  a  small  party  was  sent  out  of  tl-.e  Carolina  Camp 
at  Fort  Diego  to  scout  towards  Augustine,  and  Returned 
that  Evening.  On  the  24th,  a  party  of  64  men  of  the  Caro- 
lina Regiment  marched  trom  ye  Camp  at  St.  John's  to  Fort 
Diego  with  Provisions.  th«  Volunteers  .;-'iniiig  them:  a 
party  of  the  Generals  also  marched  frDni  thvnee  with  a  (art 
Load  of  Provisions  for  their  men  at  inego.  About  this 
Time  the  Greneral  sent  to  Au^u■;^i;^:^  two  of  the  S[  .iuish 
Prisoners  which  he  had  taken  at  .  ,  with  L<, 'trTs 

to  Encourage,  as  he  said,  tht^  men  :  rnson      ■  --^rt 

to  him,  promising  good  us:!„_,  ^.^  ,  ■  r  ji'-^-er  [•  i. 

On  the  25th,  a  small  party  was  ->  ;a  -.'u  ■■•f  the  Gem-r.u's 
Camp  at  Fort  Diego,  to  scout  and  r.-'Tiin:  .  ;'ri,ai)d  a'l  t!:er 
small  party  was  sent  from  the  Carolirr .  ...t;;.p  there  to  that 
at  St.  John's.  On  the  2Jtli.  a  small  party  was  sent  out  of 
the  Carolina  Camp  at  Fort  Diego  t<  ;  -cuu  and  return  ac-iin. 
The  same  day,  in  the  nn-g,  the  ^jenerai,  Leaving  Lieut. 
Col.  Cook  with  a  party  vi  4^)  or  50  men,  with  the  artillery, 
etc.,  at  St.  John's,  set  out  witli  another  party  of  his  men  :>jy 
Fort  Diego.  On  the  27th.  that  oart  of  ihe  Carolina  Fh  gi- 
ment  which  came  to  ye  Camp  at  St.  Johns  the  -"'ha 
returned  to  that  at  Fort  Diego  ;  at  the  same  time  a  Boat 
with  Provisions  and  a  party  of  our  men  was  sent  to  the 
Palmetto  Hut  (Lacanola),  and  Coi.  \'anuer<inssen  went  tl lere 
with  a  small  party  to  see  them  laU'l,  bur  the  Southerly  wind 
preventing  it,  he  returned  witli  some  men  of  another  party, 
that  had  come  from  Fort  Diego  to  carry  them  u]).  Tie- 
same  day  Lieut.  Col.  Lejeau  Sent  out  ot  the  Cinnp  ea,  F'ai  t 
Diego  a  Large  party  in  order  to  Discover  a  Creek  reporte<i 
to  be  about  4  uiiles,  by  wiiiah  he  was  in  'n<>pes  the  Pr-:* vis- 
ions might  be  !)rought  from  St.  John's.     The  General  also, 


39 


in  tlie  eveninir.  innrclied  out  of  his  Cam pt,  at  Fort  Dii^^'o 
abi'iit  V.)0  men  of  his  Reirinieiit,  with  Lieut.  Ixryan,  and  cyf 
the  Vokinteers  and  a  party  of  Indians.  On  the  20t]i;  the 
General  having  marched  ail  night.*  ahout  Dayln'eak  coming 
within  5  or  0  miles  of  Aiitiustine,  he  came  in  sight  of  5 
scattered  Houses,  in  Some  of  which  Smoke  appeared. 
Thereupon  iiaving  caused  the  whole  hody  to  halt  at  a])out 
a  (Juarter  of  a  Milt  Distance,  he  ordered  Lieut.  Bryan  with 
6  Vokmteers  under  him  only  to  march  up  and  attack  those 
Houses;  the  Volnnteers  obeve'L  -/-ikI  searched  every 

one  of  them,  and  having  ]:>;•  ,  _  '  Xeiiro  Prisoners 

(Some  others  Escaping  for  want  of  :e 
General  tht;:  ■  ■  •  =  -'-^i:  with  tlte  "  !■  ' .  ■  ;  ■•\v;:-ii, 
I  see  the  Cr:  i;a\'e  ^.'c^iii-i^--       '  iu'-t/'  On 

which  Lieut.  Bryan  Repli--I,  Sir.  the  Oon-Uiot  is  ^■•'=•.•^rs, 
The  Volunteers  would  havr;  Burnt  tlie  Houses,  bui:  liie 
General  Refused  ^---nnt  'hem  to  do  it  :  -a^dng  that  ihey 
would  serve  for  -  thur  \\  i  bring  there. 

The  2  Negroes  \  -      \\y      .   y  ",'ere  i'M]^-l::;a 

Negroes  ('the  one  haviiig  ]AUJi.-tu;-y  iV_!!i  Mr.  I'arker,  aiid 
the  Other  having  been  carried  away  h\  the  Indians  from 
Coi.  Gibbes),  and  they  being,  according  to  one  of  the  stip- 
ulationst  with  the  Cb.a,-raL  Returnable  to  the  owners  upon 
paying  ia  Su.-riii\g  p>er  liead  to  tiie  Ca|>tors.  the  Volunteers 
otiered  to  pay  him  onedialf  the  salvage  and  Keep  thtni.  or 
to  Receive  one-half  and  give  them  up  to  him ;  but  the 
General,  claiming  a  proi'^yy  in  them.  Refused  botli  and 
took  them  to  himself.  It  -rails  ihMt  tlie  G*^neral  had  also 
before,  at  Diego,  taken  away  from  th>jse  \MjluRteers  several 
Horses  which  they  had  crai^ht  to  carrv  their  Baggage,  and 
ahho'  Cattle  were  very  Plenty,  yet  it  was  with  great  diih- 
cuUy  that  they  could,  wh;i-t  rdiey  were  there.  ■>btain  .'iny 
Fi  t.:sh  Provisions,  being  generally  h-'ft  to  shift  for  themselves, 
tho'  tne  Gcruerai  was  frequently  acquainted  with  it,  who 
said  Diego  Spinola  should  be  [)aid  for  all  that  were  Killed. 
This  day  the  Party  sent  out  hy  tiie  (  ar.jlina  Camp  at  Fort 


App.  Ncs.  25  and  ;i7.  t  App- 


40 

Diecfo  the  Day  before,  Returne*!  without  making  tlie  Ex- 
pected Discovery,  and  a  fresh  Party  was  sent  down  to  Pal- 
metto Hut  to  assist  in  carrying  up  the  Prisoner?.  The  same 
day  Col.  Vanderdussen,  in  the  morning  Early,  in  the 
Camp  at  Sr.  John's,  Struck  most  of  the  Tents  whicli,  with 
a  Quantity  of  Provisions,  skc,  were  put  on  Board  Boats  and 
sent  away  to  the  Palmetto  Hut  (Laeanola).  He  went  bnn- 
self  with  a  party  of  meji  to  see  tlie  same  Landed,  and 
returned  again  that  night.  On  the  20th,  at  Day  Break,  all 
the  Tents  in  the  Camp  at  St  q;^-'^  ^v^^V'  Mrn-k  rviid  .-.-•-^y- 
thing  put  on  board  B~''U-  it. 
At  ihe  same  time  anov  .  C-T^jhna  iL  j.  xiit 

arrived  there  in  the  aii-./u^-"  ■  •  •indi-r<b.i .  .iv- 

ing  orders  to  Beat  to  arms,  r..v  .t-  rijen       i;  :':d- 

merto  Hut  from  thence,  leavrm-  TMnhii.g  at  St.  J.^h;/-^ 
the  Transports  with  Provision-.       munition,  0:^ 
Col.  Lejeau  ha.l  !!Ki>-clj'j'l  <'iov;n  to  tlie  Palmetto  i>    .  >m 
Fort  Die-i'V  •      ''.'hn  ci\r-':':-]  up  ::iither  m^;-':  ■  :  Mio 

Provi-;.H,s,  ojvj.    The  ^  '  RrUirnc-1  dutt  uight  L■A^/^  to 

Fort  r>ie.f'^ -.-'rli  M-.'?  ;  vdiidi  ho  ./ciri-i^-d  fn-^  — 

the  -7th.  Tlie  2  Xi-i:'ioes  whicli  had  been  taken  g..  v:  . c- 
mat  ion  tbiat  the  Peonle  'of  Augustine  vrere  in  a  Stirving 
Condition,  On  tiie  oOtl].  C:>i.  V'nni itTrhi^sen,  leaviim-  a 
small  party  to  Guard  tlie  iTovisions,  v^cc ,  Remaining  at 
the  Palmetto  Hut,  marched  fr-jm  thence  and  came  to  the 
Camp  at  Fort  Diego ;  there  tli=_-  i.'arolina  Regiment,  vi  :  Sr. 
much  of  it  was  then  arriwd,  bf  hig  order;:^!]  un;;;-!'  o  •  -y 
the  Colonel.t  was  reviewed  by  tliv  G-neral.  Tb-..-  ■.  bd 
Return  was  378  men,  l:>.esides  Field  (Jthcers..  Voh.inteer<  iv:-A 
Cadets.  In  the  evenini:.  Ensiuii  Mace,  with  a  Detach ;:: 
of  42  men  from  Both  Roginieiits,  was  sent  to  take  Vk-i  on 
Augustine  Point. 

About  this  time  many  of  the  Cre'.-'k  Lidians.  a  fn-l  j  n;irty 
of  which  had  Joiuvd  tiie  (  n^ii-i^d  S;.  Johii'^.  with  T:-  ':  ■> 
Jones. X  wli'.)  being  v)f  Indian  Extiaer.  Ibnploye^l  b  '  '  .  „ 
as  a  Linguist  to  the  C^  ■d  ^  aiid  [vjvG  .;;-^  and  to  h-  ,  '  b  om, 


41 


]>ein!Z  Tired  with  Constant  fotigue  Duy  and  Nidit  in  Eange- 
ing  near  weeks  only  Backward  anil  forward, and  dljslKa.rt- 
ened  that  there  was  no  prospect  of  attacking  Augustine, 
returned  home.  It  seems  the  General  had  ordered  Jones  to 
Keep  out  Constantly  Scouting  Round  the  Country  with 
these  Indians  to  watch  the  Enemy's  Motions,  and  to  En- 
deavour to  take  some  Prisoners.  I3at  Positively  Enjoined 
1dm  not  to  ]")erniit  the  indicUis  to  aestroy  any  Houses,  auil 
Jones  had  often  told  the  General  tlir.l  th'^v  would  soon  be 
tired  with  that  way  of  Proce-^ h];--,  i-.r  iliri  they  loved  to 
go  and  do  their  Business  at  on;  •  •  ••turn,  n-i-juo  again,  to 
which  the  General  had  Ih-i-ii'        [[>     ;  '  :o 

home  don't  Di-Mnh  tl-.eui.  Ivt  th-^n  ..  .■  '  s 

also  o-re'\'  ^voM^'•     ■   ■  ^  :  ■  A 


iJiego.  , 
their  V: 

per::.' 


.      ;   :  ■    -  ■:   •     .      '   .  '        :.      ^  i 

A  :  .  i,u        ri.  .    :  '  .     ^ ,  aud 

Threat  .  :  -  ,  ■  iie 

General  '     .  •       v  ,     ■     ,  ...    .:r:>i_'-  i;ud 

taken  mfcTiiieri  lii in  :  ■  ^paiiiii:  ^  plaf'e  th-ir 

Imlian^  aad  \t-'p:r(u,'s  iii  :!.:..'■.., -  ^^ i- .ii  -o^ii*:-  ''a-[..uli-  :';=''in 
Augu-ti  v  '  -^'^^     "  ■■.■u 

the  a]^:  ■  ■  :   '    .  I  iiua  i    „  lis 

Br_  .•  i.-i  Kr-adin'-s  to  hi  rein  wirii  5  Days'  Provisih.ns, 
to  r^;  ' ' ' ,• '  -  TvM\'ii  ;h :  v.' ;  ^r^.-  r.f  Aug:.;.- line,  all  the 

acc^jLih '  -  ■  '   ■        . .  '    ;t  iiut     h, '  L;- be  iveiir^i  oi;.  liirheEvt^- 
niiiu;  th    ^    -  :  -    ;        ht'fl  out  ut  iiis  (Vnnp  ai' -hr       '  ^ 
(including;  liie  11  i^'  ■    .  >     ■  ■  ./.r-  ,v^^:['[  i  .  -.'i: !]  : ;  ii." 

^,  .h^.:h  X_-ro  ibr  tTui-.i^',  'v]:r>  ikm]  .[  .■yh,-d  ir.-h;  A'; h'^h- '  ih'j 

to  Fort  Diego,  was  a:  Largt-,  ari-.i  Ia-  the  • --.i.           ;  t. 

Jack.    C')l.  Vanderdussen  fjlluw:  h  ■ 

Iveginr-Jit^  I  i n f » 1  u d i ng  Vol u n t c r s  a : .  ■ .  '    •  i .  >  .  ,  a  :;  .  ai 

waaild          i  arry  ahov-  a  i;-;v<"  v ' '[1,^  laaa;.'!!. 

orov.  "  'i'-- A. -a-  aa                            ■  i':  i  a'-tto  Root-;, 


i;  App.  No.  I  -M'P- 


42 


Marshe-  and  Creek.^  in  tlie  Path,  whicli  made  it.  Difficult  to 
Carry  tlu-^  Gun  alun^-,  and  obiio-e-l  tlieui  to  make;  Cau^ev.< 
for  it.  About  one  in  the  morning  the  whole  arvnj  halted 
by  a  Run  of  water'''  at  about  12  miles  Distance,  and  lay  on 
their  arms  all  the  rest  of  the  night.  On  the  1st  June,  at  4 
in  tlie  afternoon,  the  army  Renewed  the  march,  witli  the  like 
Dirficulties.  At  ten  o'clk  a  Great  thunder  Storm,  Lightning 
and  luiin  coming  up,t  made  Both  men  and  arm.s  very  wet. 
Tliey  continued  marching,  it  being  so  Dark  that  notliing 
could  be  seen  before  tbiCm  (  tho'  after  some  time  the  weather 
cleared  up),  until  tliey  came  to  Some  Palmetto  Houses, 
where  they  Plaited  about  one  Hour.  At  12  o'clock  tlie 
moon  Rising,  the  army  marched  again,  at  last  left  the  Gim 
behind  them..  On  the  2nd.  befort-  Day,  ilu-y  got  to  a 
Dividing  Path  within  2  miles  of  St.  Augustine,  one  way 
leading  thither,  and  the  '  r  •:  ■  Negro  Fort  Moosa,  a 
little  V,  ay  off  to  the  left  hi-  .  ,  :e  armv  'halted.  Here 

Col.t  ■ —  .  wlio  attended  tlu  ■  'on 

as  a  \'olunteer,ij  at  his  pa^ ' "    ■  ^  .-^ 

at  the  head  of  an  Expedi  '  ^^  -    -  . 

Indians  living  close  by  i:^'  lu 

head  of  200  Carolinians  au«i  a  P;ir^;.  oi  Iiiuian^  an-.l  \>\\\tl 
the  Town.§  which  the  Genend  Rvi'u-,Mp  saying  it  w-.- 
hot-headed  or  hazardous  an  a'  tii:^;.*^  ti^.f  iic  knew  v, ; 
had  to  do  f  that  it  vv  as  the  Custom  of  armies  to  shew  them- 


^  Apf).  Xo.  fApp.  Xo.  3o. 

tThe  nasi.;-  i-  -  by  accident.    The  bl.mk 

"undoubictily  be  i.:  ■■j.nie  Palmer.     For  we  kii'  o 

other  sources  that  he  war-  -  ;7i:7  t'>  t  a  party  of  YenKissccs 

led  by  Spaniards,  who  h:id  inva-.hva  '  -its  near  Pun  Pon.  Indeed 
this  is  mentioned  in  the  Introduct'.'  ,~  Report. 

jl  A  pp.  So.?jfl  ■      ^  '   '  ,  .Xn. 

°  Thi'^  orincrs  to  mind  an  '^iistrativ:-  .    m  Lord 

Macun!.-        mj/s.    Its  pertinence  ui.:  -  ..i-T : 

•■  M-  •  .idmired  correctness  in  ■  ..  >  j --       i   ,  .  ^  i.  bu-ine.ss 

to  hit  rr«e  iben  ;  yon  must  never  thrust  in  quart  until  you  have  tiirust  in 
tierce.'  *  -  *  We  have  heard  of  an  old  German  Ofiicer  who  w;js  a  great 
adi:)irer  of  correct ne.'^.-  in  joilitary  operations.  He  ust:;d  t.^  revile  Buo- 
naparte for  .spoiiin^j;  the  science  of  war  which  had  be-,  r  '■  \  .>  -ivh 
exquisite  perfection  by  Marblial  Daun ;  'in  my  youtli  .          .  ,  '  lii.-i^cii 


43 


selves  to  tlie  Enoiiiy  fir^t  and  make  a  feint.  It  secm-^  Col. 
Fiilmev*  had  several  linie.^  upon  liis  march  proposed  tiie 
same  thing,  but  the  General  always  Refused  it,  and  often 
said  that  he  would  not,  by  any  means,  liave  the  T':>wn 
burnt  ;T  adding,  when  he  Halted  that  the  Houses  would  be 
very  servieeal)le  to  him.  The  General,  soon  Renewing  the 
marcli,  took  the  left  hand  Path,!!  and  Just  about  Day  Break 
entered  Fort  Moosa,  which  had  been  abandoned.    Thi-  For^ 

was  made  in  tlie 
Xecrro^^s  acrnin-t 


being  about  20  miles  from  Fort  Diego 
middle  of  a  Plantation  for  Safety  <^f  '1 
Indians;  it  was  4  Square,  with  a  "  '       h  *  . 

banked  Round  wir^         ^  '  ; r ; 

sides,  Lined  rou;  i       ^  1l.lTvi\-  !  - 

well  and  a  H-  -mi,  an^]  o  :-:^k--i-.    .V. -.t:  - 

Forces  w  .-  m,-  ■r.,;v.-i  I'-r.rn  i/^un-:  w^-::  :  :  ^ 

from  th'---^-^  •     -  ^       ■  ■ 

went  wr 

and  OrO'      d    rh.     i;'::;.;.;   -.r\\v,        :      '  '  --i-  ii':  ■ 

niar'  ^         '  -  ■  -ord:ni:iy  'i^-n-.  ^v>:-  Mh-w-r-  :  -  : 

Ci\\).  y:     '    ■         '  ■  Tlu-y  h>uu'i  it  in  ht -i  K",-  ;; 

Fortitication,  and  v<:rv  -tronij:.  with  a  great  many  new  ad' 
tions.  and  agrei-d  tl; -t  it  wc;rd:l  ]>p  inif practicable  to  att;i 
k  upon  that  -i'le  wir.i.vii;  di' -e  niairjri:.iis  which  they  e-of 
not  brin^  By  Land,  th-v  being  too  heavv  ;  Bat  r^tx-r-r 
that  Point  Quartidh  wljicii  lies  on  the  north  of  the  Ivir, 
separated  from  the  >h:gro  Fort  by  a  Creek,  woui<i  be  ^ 


and  roimrerniareh  all  the  r^ammer  withuiit  ;^ainin^  r,r  In^ln::  a  - 
lea'jue-- and  then  v.-ent  into  winter  qiiarNrrs,  A nn:  no  ,v  .  : : 
ignorant  but  hot-heade<]  y.  \  -1,     riir-  ,y. 

rim.  and  from  I'lni  t  j  u.-  '  ■ 

I-e.'r  '.  I    The  whole  sy.-jtein  o (  i-  ■  >  ni< 'jisrr-.'iis'y  in-. <MTect 

fen-in ;  r-    .  .    ■  ■  ■  '-'^       •- " 

means  ar.--  i:.^^  runvvt  s^  i;:  ■     ■  ■ 

Marshal  Dann  fionrishe<i  in  u 

General  < -j'  -^  -  ^  -   .,ps  jiouie  upoli^^^y  J 

f.-.iirsd  in     '         ■  '  ;i  -     ••'•'■ioii  of  the  perreo!.  - 

Apn.  X'  l.  ot'.  t  A  pp.  Xo.  :;s. 

A  pp.  Xo.  ot*.  ^App.  Xo.  10. 


an 


:;'nt'.iry — so  < 
eneral  aiay 
rhe  Ma'--ha 
:  Ann.  Xo.  t'- 


ild 
be 


-14 


lit  for  a  Battery,  in  order  to  Secure  a  Coinniunication  with 
tiu;  inen-oi-war.  At  the  same  time.  Lieut.  Bryan,  of  the 
^'olunteers,  with  o  or  4  of  tlie  Plangers.  went  ahnost  Ch.>se 
up  to  the  Town,  and  hrought  otf  3  Horses;  he  perceived  the 
Town  was  in  the  utmost  tunniit  .^irl  ('.  .nfasion,  the  inhab- 
itants screeching  and  crying.  lh)()ji  his  Return,  tohl  the 
General  of  it,  and  hearing  himself  tali^  of  withdrawing  the 
Forces,  he  asked  the  General  if  it  won  hi  not  he  l-est  to 
attack  the  Town  flica. ;  that  f^r  11, .^r  to  doit;  for  tluii  If 
he  Retreated  they  would  rniik^  -rations  against  his 

Return.  To  which tlic  General  li-  ;  ^  If  heattera[»ted 

to -storm  the  Towv  ;  :  •'My....: 

the  men  D;-v':«vvr-    -  :    ■  "  ;  :  :    .     ^  j-  ;  ■■.1 

af:-:i'^var- 1-       [- -^-.-  i-^  .      '  ■  i^; -I  .e^^-  I r-- 

habitanrs,  in  Case  of  an  a  track,  to  z^'  hit*:  •  .- 
afternooniya  ^"^^  ':r  .'i' !'  -h,  ^ 

in  tbp  F.:^rt  M  ■     ' z  .  ^     --v  ■  .    .  1 

th.  >■    ■■■■  .  -  ^        '  y  , 

TV.     '  ■  '      '  .  ■  ■  .  -     ■  , 

W  ' -  i  \  Z:  1-  '■  C  .        \      ■  '■'['-. 

a-      ..   >    •  i'l  III':-  c,    :  '.i,  \ii\yi  i : 

takeii  h.-:'- for  shelter  t<)  r:.  '    ;  V:r-  -  of 

th^;  (>  „  -  ■  :^  -:.Al  z<  hirr-  -  ■  ■  v,-,,r.-  ■- '  i  y— i 
I'j  i^  'rv.  ,  /  'a'cLirher,       l;..  ^  .^;:i-r;uy      ■  - 

I:  -iding  I  lis  C-'ntlriel  at  the  Dooi-s  for  letting  thtin 

in,  Saying  that  he  could  n« >t  he  (.-Tiiilty  of  a  '.rreatti'  '  • 
and  that  he  <le-erved  a  Th:>usand  hidi--^.  In  the  Ih  ; ~:  z 
the  Evening  tlieGtmerai  wciit  out  again  towards  the  <  r  r. i ...  *" 
with  15')  nieri  and  a  gr^-at  many  r^:a::;i-.  the  Druin-  h.-ing 
at  a  er^-Mt  di-yiiirr^  from  ea-jh  <:^\  r  ai  the  Dark,  I- ;u  a 
march  in  ^a-.'a:y  i'urties.  wiii'di  -  a'-oyh-  in  ti-  a  .    '  ^ 

to  tiring  th<'ir  Camion  and  smaal  arms  in  [.>l;.ir<--'.>i\<  all  K  :a.o 
th-ni:  a'n;a' -liiMua- n-;-,..'  I  S 'a  i    --d  /  .  a  'a  ha  -  ^  - 

night  -)ne  of  the  General's  men  Deserted  to  the  Enemy  at 

S.:u  Ri-c.      On  The  ;hl  the  '  '         :  '  i   ;  v  er.fa  J  ■ 

>"  App.  Xo.,  2S.  T       .       a--.  T.if-j).  a.  -Z^ 

1!  App.  Xo.  39.  ii  as  and  aa.        *i  App.  :%>-•• 


45 


in  the  Fort  Moosa.  taken  away  the  Gate,  and  burnt  the 
Hou^e  therein,  altho'  he  was  tohl  that  raiiiiit  serve  for  an 
Hospital,  mareheii  Back  to  Fort  Die^-o  with  Drum  beatint^ 
and  Colours  tiyin,u-.  Bein.s,'  out  of  Provisions,  the  men  wil- 
lingly performed  a  hard  march,  Dut  many  of  the  General's 
men,  greatly  tatigued,  gave  out  and  dropped  upon  the 
march  :  upon  which  the  General  ordered  any  mian  tliat 
lagged  behind  to  be  shot.  They  lieached  Fort  Diego  before 
sunset ;  there  they  found  Ensign  Mace,  Pleturned  the  Day 
betV-re  in  the  mornino;  from  Augustine  Point,  who  had  on 
iliC  1st  seen  G  English  men-of-war  and  a  sloop  come  to 
Augustine  Bar, and  seeing  2  S;  ■]ies,u}»on  their  dis- 

covering him,  coming   town -/'is  t!i'''U-_'ht  pror>^r  to 

march  off  the  Day  before,  and  thi>  D;:  '  ven 
sent  from  the  Carolina  Cami>  ■  •  "  ;■:  •  _  ■  .e  Palmetto 
Hut  for  Provisions,  against  tli-  '.  "  ■  .  i  ■■••.)'>:;.•::.  wl •••.•!! 
brought  lulbrmation  that  the  •'•  ;  <>:  ." 

were  Iving  off  that  Place.  -       ,   '  ^  a-  i  .-"'.;  -^ 

arrived  in-  tl;  ■  '  .       ,  '  li.' 

arrived  also.  ■  '      -  r'/iin-i  C;i; ^ip 

to  St;  John's.       : ,  \\"ini  ::.e^:i.'--aries  S'^n-ie 

more  men  of  th:r  ■>  be  arrivt.-i 

there.  :.,'r'-,-  ,     -  '  '  •  [i,--  afternuou 

Coi.  -  .      >      ■  -    -  ^.0    r.iliiiHrto  Hur. 

Several  oriicers  and  men  lia^l  hi-av.-  to  gr.'  also  to  look  after 
their  Bag.;-^.::"'       '  '  -  ^       hing  thenct, 

they  had  ^         :     _    .  .  5th  all  tlie 

Volumeters'^  then  at  Dieg>)  r  Coi.  Barnwell,  who 

Stayed  and  acted  as  an  Aid  'h^  '         GHUvral,  and 

ont^  more),  being  Disgust'^o       "'i  '  hud  m="^t 

with  and  Disappointed         .  ^  :  .   ;      -  i  : v  f  r. 

tlie  Town  of  St.  August ii^.-.  l{e;arn<''l  to  St.  Juhus  w i ^ h  a 
-  \  "        I- •  --me  again. Ther^-  meeting  vvitli  -h^ 


t  Tiie-s-e  V'>Iunteers-hud  joined  li.^  1. 
to  which  Gen.  O.Lrliichurpe'.s  letter^  ■  . 
snrLien  and  vii.c  -'J'  >ns  etl'ort  "  \vn«  r 
t^>r  a  term.  Tnelailurj 
fr</in  uhliijation  to  tuU.'  :  .  .  ^  .  .  .  -  ,  .  ,  . 


:  i.  .     -n  rij^e.  that  a 
.  i  not  enii>vc"d 
'    u:5r;i3i:  ubsoived  them 


4.; 


Rest  of  the  Company  of  Wjuintiers  Just  arrived,  Li^.-ut. 
Bryuii  proceeded  no  Furtlse]-  himself,  but  Joined  Tii*- 
Tartar,  man-of-war.  came  to  anchor  otf  the  Pahnetto  Hiu.* 
in  order  to  Wciter  and  to  Deliver  a  Letter  from  the  Coniino- 
dore  to  the  General.  She  had  <.;n  board  Sev«jral  stores  from 
Carolina  for  the  PLxpedition,  a  fresh  Detachment  of  men, 
andi  Capt.  Wriglit,  of  the  Volunteers.  Col.  Vanderdussen, 
who  Returned  in  tlie  morning  early  from  the  Palmetto  Hut,"^ 
Received  orders  from  the  (.Tcneral  to  march  with  tlie  (.'aro- 
lina  Regiment  and  take  possession  of  Point  QuartelL  Ac- 
cordingly, at  5  in  the  eveni^_.  =  •  \\  n-*  i!i'V,v  Provisions 
than  was  suf'  -  '  ■"     •        "  ■■a::\  th:ii,  i<>r  ^  ■  " 

Horses,  carri':-' .  .    ^  !  with  lU-i:    ,    .  - 

ifec.  He  marched  all  of  the  il- ..:  that  were  cii-ie  to 
march.    They  proceeded  d  v  e  ,  :  ;  ■ 

2nd  P  ''--;^'"'  Hut,  abouM3  :,.e      ■  -lu  :  . 

then    .         -l  ak^ne  the  B      b  \'l  .  . 

H.drt-d.  '   .  ■    .  ■ 

morning:, X  lii..,-'  '  -ii.  m  -  ' 

Augu-:iiK'  tb-':-.  -  :  b  bii  a  Caiiii-.  ■ :  ■:  -. 

and  Eocanip'. 'b  evi:;eb  -i  [[-.-'-^  :;a  il\A-.  -\  v^-si  —     .  -e 

ai  ■  ^  '  then  ui  Sigiit  i vi:;- ' er  riie  Bar.  Abz  ;  b  '  - 
b:'  H;-T.)r'"  S^iuir.'b  ..ad.  Phcenix,  a^:  i  .  . 

v.ev:  .■      .  ^w::-         ^'bee.---.)   '"'it.  Viz:   Tlie  Tartdi-.  Vb.a", 
and  ;:>pence.    e'oi.  Vaii' U  rdu.-- .-ii  st^ut  or'ea'>  i'.>        i  :.  /■ 
for  the  Boats  to  bring  PruVisi-.-n..-^  lb  »anii.  and  De^ir^-.-  ■  ■  .•• 
Townshend.  of  tht:  Tarr^o',  ro  L:  jel  the  2S  P(jii!id'  . 
their  Carriages  at  this  P<:/int.   Six  LraUi*-  a;»;M^av<jb  ^ 
being  under  the  Castle,  each  of  them,  as  was  Ibunb. 
wards,  Rowed  vrith  20  oars,  and  had  a  cashoo  pie-     .  • 
pouinler  in  the  Bow,  Some  >Swivel  Cans  fore  and  afr.  '■>  ■■ 
and  2  -bi.-ers,  and  had  come  ie  .  .  bit?  Havanne .  v.e'.i 

2  Sloops  Loaded  with  Pr-.^vir-e  ■!:-.;  :   e.e.e  tlic  Troor--'  „.  .  * 
the  place  of  Rendezcffus.    In  ii:'-  a^r•-••:i^;; C)  the 'be; : 
the  Hill  gave  notice  tluit  b  of  the  V  bb  --  were  in  le  b- 
coming  down  to  the  Point.'  C*,d.  Abmu  ;  bi--.;e  b  b  ;  j 

^App.  y...  t2.  T  X:  ,   V  ;Ai.p.  ... 

li  App.  No.  4o.  ,  V 


47 


they  were  going  to  Land  men  to  attMck  him,  ordered  tiie 
Reifirpv^nt  uiider  arms  and  Marched  aloniirthe  Doach  tou'ard 
the  Point,  which  was  almoin  a  (^,aarter  ot  a  mile  Distance. 
ThiC  Gallies,  directed  by  the  Colours,  Kept  an  aUerjiate  iire 
and  Shortened  their  Powder  so  well  that  not  one  shot  fell 
20  yards  from  the  men.  Having  opened  the  Castle,  Col. 
A'anderdussen  caused  the  Eegimenc  to  halt,  and  perceiving 
that  the  Gallies  weren<.  -  "  ' ' '  nlde  to  Land  any  men,  he 
ordered  them  to  the  Righ  :  ...  and  marclied  Slowly  Back 
till  they  got  under  cover.  Tlie  (^allies  having  tired  about 
20  Shots  (some  of  whicii  were  taken  up  and  Carried  into  the 
Camp),  Retired  back  to  th'  •.    Tm  -  Commodore  having 

by  this  tiring  Discoverea  .  ^  ;i  to  be  there,*  sent  3 
Boat-  a.'hore  with  his  own  Lieut,  and  those  of  t ! ■  H  -.:tor 
and  Phcenix,  whio  Delivers i  ^-i  '';)].  A'aiiderdusseii  thr 
following  Resolution  of  a  Couj.-..-::  \\'-,r.  held  by  the  Com- 
manders of  his  Maje.sty's  Shins  off  tie-  •  ..-i  .Ve wtine.  on 
Board  the  Flamboro!;  '     '     '.  "  \  ;  .  which 

he  desired  him  to  coii..:iU:ij.:;.':  lo  tiiu  Cr,;ur-ral,  Viz: 

Catt.  A'JNCEXT  PEARCE. 
Sr.  YELVERTIJX  PEYTON,  Bart. 
Capt.  CHARLES  EAXSHA  WE. 
Capt.  PETER  WARREN-         Capt.  WILLEIM  LAWS. 

General  Oglethorpe  having  <h/^ired  to  Know  the  longest 
time  his  M-.A.  -^^y's  Ships  can  stay  upon  this  Coast,  tiie  opin- 
ion of  the  C'Aiiicil  was  demanded  thereon.,  and  having 
examined  the  Pilots  of  all  his  Majesty's  Siiips  here.  "Tis  Our 
Cnanimous  t)p:nion  tlmt  we  cannot  stay  liere  Luuo<;"r  than 
tiie  5th  Ju^'-  -  xt  without  ririiniiig  tli^;  '  Hazerd  of 
his  Majesty  >a;ps  going  on  si i ore.  but  in  '  .-^  ri-e  Easterly 
wiieis  shouhl  sett  in  vv'o  must  Depart  soouicr.  Tiien  the 
question  was  put,  what  furth^^r  serviee  we  could  < lo  tr>wa!  ;A 
the  Reduction  of  St.  Augustine?  It  is  agre>.-'i  hv  t  he  Cuuncil 
that  If  General  Oglethorpe  Besieges  ri.  -  i'    u^--o  we  will 

^  App.  No.  47. 


4s 


spare  20U  iiien  more  to  attack  and  take  possession  of  tlte 
I-^;iH!'l  of  Enstatia.  which  af  ipears  to  be  ahsolutely  necessary 
towards  the  Kednction  of  St.  Augustine,  as  it  will  cut  oif 
the  Commnnieations  by  sea.  which  will  answer  the  End  of 
the  ^hAps  til]  the  Season  of  the  Year  will  admit  of  their 
Returning  on  the  Service. 

A'iX(:d':x'r  pearce. 

YELVERTOX  PEYTOX. 
CHAREES  EAXSHAWE. 

The  Lslaiid  of  Eustatia.or  Ana-tatia,in  the  Bay  opposite,  the 
Xorth  end  of  widoh,  t'Cv.'t]ier  with  Point  Quarrel],  tV.m^vd 
the  Inlet  to  St.  Ari_t:-uscine  over  liu  Ikiv  used  by  the  X'. - 
of  Burden,  and  the  South  end,  witii  the  Land  cppL'-i^e 
ther*-^-.  h.^-t  Called  tlie  M;.inrans<-.  b^  --bi  :i 

smab     .         \  -  ■        •  •:.^^^!'"'b    In  tbr  tii;;.  .      •  ' 

erab  having  rrCt-ived  tli^r  -^-jil  '^ii.!  uv'ie  die  ^ 

dore  by  the  in^'i '^\--'v ■  u^-ir^j  - 
say,  ait-r  bav:j.,„.  . ■•■  viid  dc'.  u  u".-: 

hewa];r^  b."  On  tb^:  "^  l  <  d.  Abniderdu-sen,  haviii::- ^v;  b .  i 
si;j;bl  i'urty  gone  all  iu'Uii'i  F^^;:r  Qi:;.;\  and  Vu/v:'-'\  ;::e 
v.       '  --nt.  a^  Dedred.  uv  t.x\^y\:<>     ;  iu' '_u.'ner;b  'b.  , 

ll     :  /ii      tbtr  ibjuncil  of  Wbir.  bebl  l,*y  the  b '  ■ 

or  his  Majesty's  Ships,  and  at  r  uine  time  ac'-iuaintfl  him 
that  he  liad  vie-ve«.l  tbe  bip-und  wliere  be  was,  an?i  ihar  be 
did  not  think  there  could  be  round  a  place  so  conveni-;-nt 
for  covering  our  men  and  idanting  a  Battery  to  c'^  n:  nio  lel 
the  River  and  Keep  tlie  e rallies  in  awe,  as  at  tiie  r  uint. 
The  Mortars  migbi  be  placed  under  cover  of  some  HbN  and 
within  half  Gun  Shot  of  the  (Jastle,  and  If  it  slicui'i  be 
necessar}'  to  mak-  a  Ivutery  for  I^attering  the  Town,  rluit  it 
2:::„-b"  '  e  done  without  b'>^;iuLr  bxoo-'ei  ^o  their  (.b;  ■■,  I 
lb;At  x.v  had  d^^-^ii-eil  the  v'"Ui ; ii=  n i(j['e  to  Send  eo. 
Tovvnshend.  with  all  fr-.-m  rb--  I'ahneito  I fut.  In  order  to  L.-.u-l 
the  Guns  and  Carriug'---  there  whieli  be  had  on  I'v^ard. 
Soon  after  Cob  \binderdur>>e)i  Dispatch-' 1  -intttbtcj'  le  -  ;  lo 

the  (Teuerab  RepresentiiU;  to  Inm  uiu".  uavin-^  b  ■.  '.  ^ 

.  *  App.        a:.  T  Ar^e       v.).  X  A  pp.  No,  •'/e. 


40 


oiiicers  i.ad  sLoppCii  tiic  L>oat  which  he  hud  ordered  to  take 
in  Provisions  ll>r  1dm  at  IVdnietto  Hut,  as  he  had  no  Pro- 
vi^ion:^  but  what  was  to  have  beuii  Bronchi  in  dtat  Boat,  lie 
had.  therefore,  been  Obuged  to  Send  some  of  Ids  m.en  to 
fetch  what  they  couhl,  which  could  not  be  jriii'.-h,  for  that 
they  were  not  yet  .Recovered  of  their  last  niarch,  and  hardiy 
aide  to  Perform  a  Second  •  •.  head,  and  Dt>ir..-d,  as 

fie  had  no  Horses,  tha'  ^ '  ;  '  ■  ■  <'dd  order  0       '  »'^at 

to  be  Delivered  to  hi-  ...  ,  ^    :     briii^i  l  :  ,  .  'U-. 

and  be  then  ready  to  take  the  iireat  Guns  ash.ore,  for  which 

at  Point  Quartell.     On^;.,  ~:;,.atoiii         .^^-ri^i:-'.  d. 

fk:  .-h  a      di.  (Aa^ih..iiy  a 

'  •  r>,-. !  s:.,  ,i  -  -  ^ 

v..  .■  U  ^  V  .  .  ■  ^  •  ■  ^  ■  • >     v_  .  :  p    .    J.JU     i  ,  J  L(  M    U  1  j.  1  \      '  i. 

XtrLrr^;.^   b':'rt.     Ar'rer\^  ni'd-  di-  p  .  <ent  h:- 

m.']i- -iL  r"^  ib-ir  L'aiUiiaT'.)  Uur  i\.erci\'i-^  tiie  idi'ii-ral 
al)i>ard .  -ddi  2M'J  men  -'/f  Ids  Keiiirnent.  in  order  to  curry 
tht-m  Ib.uiid;  r-'  tb-  l-b'iud  Ai^i -t;!,:  i;; ,    lb"';;,  dd^  :iK-C':i. 

m^r:v:i:.z  a  bjttv-r  tr-s^i  l.'V  whivi;   i.e  I]jrbr]"ia;tl 

him  ibat  he  bab  .-':-nt  the  ab<:*ve  parr:  t';  i'.  aiKi'  |>C'~--er>-ioji 
of  the  Xe,2:ro  Fort;  lait  that  be  did  nut  say  arjvbiu-n^*  of  his 
goin-z  to  Embark  on  board  tho<e  si  dps  :  Thar  if  the  same 
was  laii  in  Execntiou.  lie  took  it  to  i -e  a  vvrv  great  bis- 
servii-o  T.J  tbe  "\\'i:v)h/'  ad'ar.  iia-  'ba^  it  waaibf  Loa'a-  tIl.;  Cod- 
iies  I'oa--' r-  of  tht-  H;iri>'.-r,r.  o.  >r  >[»  ail  iJomnuinications 

l;t.-T  a;.        b-Oj.  Ma-'    I -y   TO'-  wbl'di  Was  vei'V  unr^'T- 

C':..b  ^  ;'^k'-,  ba-  o'-aK  have  aU  t-aa  '»a!,-  Mi:d  <"a]ier  In"![<k- 
uaai-  -f         b.Mai'     :o  tl:;a  p.-aay      ar  I,,  a-^  a-  maio,  a- 

^App.  No.  51.  ;.t,  va;,  ^a  :  .ian.  No.  ^2. 

4 


50 


which  would  make  them  masters  of  the  Harbour,  when 
they  raiafht  pass  over  at  Pleasure  with  their  Boats,  aud  the 
men-of-war  to  assi.-t  them,  and  miglit  march  across  with 
part  of  their  men  to  secure  the  ^hitansas,  leaving  Col.  Cook 
there  with  tlie  Rest  to  manage  the  Batteries  and  Bombs, 
and  might  secure  themselves  in  the  same  manner  a  passage 
over  the  South  of  the  Town  without  being  hurt  by  the 
Gaiiies,  by  wbi^  i'  'hey  would  bo  ITm  ■  - :-^^^d  on  ail  ?ides 
without  havii'  ,  .  -u  their  Ixrvv^-r  ,  >  ibem-:-: ■•.  or 
hurt  us,  That  as  he  shouLi  not  have  an  opportunity  to  see 
the  General,  he  Desired  that  he  wouM  '  ^  ^-is  a  L;rr]t  iiuo 
his  Consideration.  Col.  Vandcrdiis.^  :  ;  ,-^  utciied  nU"  ilie 
following  Letter  to  the  General  at  the  Camp  of  St,  Augus- 
tine : 

June  the  8th,  1740. 

SiR  :  I  Received  Your  Excellenev's  Letter  at  8  o'':'loel: 
this  mf'jrniiii::.  l':-arce'-  i'';/;!,t  is  Jvisr  com-  :;-hOi'e. 

and  I  ::;.iv^;-  -ent  her  i>aek  to  desire  some  Provisions.  He 
informs  me  by  a  Letti-r  tli at  he  had  Sent  down  Capt .  Wov- 
ren  and  Capt.  Laws  lo  Receive  Your  Excellency  <:ri  h"  'cHnI. 
witli  2'h« J  men  of  your  Regiment,  in  order  to  Carry  Roiaid 
to  hhand,  which  will,  in  my  ophjiot\  be  a  wron.j  -tfrp, 
ah  "■  .•  afraid  mo  v  <-'verset  the  wlmle  in  Retarding  the 
tin  a.--  ■  ih  jl  i  is  .-o  siiort  by  the  Resolution  of  the  Council  of 
War.  and  therefore  ougrit  to  be  made  the  most  of;  and  it 
\v:h  L  :  rh  '  a'  ';jy  at  Liljertv  on  the  Island  :-ide  to 
feis.ii  ca-ir  Latcc  aa<l  vnlier  Provisions,  therefore  am  of 
opinion  that  nothing  can  be  of  Greatei-  service  than  the 
Fortif\"ih^  cf  tids  Point,  a^  I  have  laeatioiied  btiore.  whiah 
wouh^  -  a:  -  -  — age  acro^^s  wiaaait  any  interruv.tion. 
And  L  y.-hv  rhv-  -.-a icy  will  only  Seiid  Round  the  Craft  I 
will  undertake  to  Land  all  thu  (funs  and  everythimr  eLe 
that  is  necessary.  T'  '  :  I'^  a  '  onr  Exaeileucy  tr^  give 
orders  that  the  Boai      .  :  a,.  {'(A.  Styaicns  rha'  wos 

stopped  by  your  orhi-!-  ;,  .  Delivera.I  ra  luy  r-'"  ;-,  ..i^ 
it  is  not  Possibk-  to  brnig  iCound  my  Pr;) visions  and  ntiier 


51 


necevssaries,  it  not  being  possible  to  have  any  Dependence 
upon  the  other  Boats  sailing  up  here,  as  the  wind  stands. 
I  remain  voar  Excellenev's  most  hun^ble  servant, 

ALEXANDER  \'ANDERDU8SEN. 

The  same  day  Lieut.  Col  Cook,  who  had  been  left  by  the 
General  in  the  Camp  at  St.  John's,  with  the  Artillery  and 
Provisions,  wrote  to  Col.  \"anderdussen  the  ibiiowing  Letter  : 

St.  MATTVi  June  8th,  1740. 

Sir  :  ''I  h.v ;  -  '    ■  •  v      :    '  •  ■  ■ '  '  ■  ^'i  -^i-!  in:  ■,   '  "  \t 

o  o  clociv,  vvuh  yo'ir-  -..-n-. : .  ■  r 
you  are  in  such  distress  for 

tremely  Concerned  to  find  we  a r- ■  .:  • : - g    n  Entirely  in  a 

new  Sy:>tcm  of  war.  l.-  :'■  :  '  ii  at  th^  ^-  ;  lt 
end,  whieh  i-iit-  nv-    \y J  liavi  '  .  t 

the  atra.-Iv      -  .,             T  ■         'J  -.^-ud  plao^- uf 


^Tagaziii:'-  c.n'i  "^t'Tcs  of  Prnvi-:---::-  :  c  ~  han<.l ;  bu t  hrre 
I  lind  i[   ,      .  I  h;id  order-  -  "i^-  l  '^^y-  '.o 

put  on  buard  ev*; rvtii ing  that  lay  upon  the  ;-traiid  m  rhe 
Camp,  before  wlii'  i I  had  ilrMwi-  the  rv;o  Pr'-videnee  ^b'-rtars 

to  DivgJ.      l-\:\\.^r[     ^         '   -        b    '    d         with  SODi';         i  is 

oil  l./Oard  one  oi'  y.-ur  Seh'-n -  ner-.  the  Dureiicster,  and  ih^  i 
six  pounder-  with  .-leji,  and  a  precty  many  shells  on  bo;-.rd 
the  Sarah  for  all  the  L'tftbrt-nt  XL) r tars  as  well  as  tor  tlie 
Large  Alortar  now  on  Board  the  Comni  ;!  aa.  Mr.  Wright 
tells  me  you  hav"  .;:-:b.-ved  all  tiie  Euats  and  Vessels  btao!:e- 
ing  to  the  Pro\ah(  !->.a  Carolirai.  to  cc^'m  Immediately  <.  •  u, 
excepting  two,  whieh  are  Lai.-a-^i  1  ]'-..de:lj  wirii  Pr i-  .:s. 
Now  the  Gener.b  -  '  a^  are  r!:.e.  b;.  ^ ;.-  .  I^;  ^ats  are  to  he 
sent  to  you,  M a^  ^  ih--^  r,      .    h.a-  ;f  r  ll;--e  -r-  ids 

words)  oif  oi"     _       .  -_a,    .   --^  Mb.  L^aie  Pa'vv-s, 

Now  I  sunpose  he  means  in  this  Harbour,  tier  b.  _;  ,d 
several  others)  is  not  of  thai    ^  l[(,aa  \  cr  tb  ■        •  > 

stay  in  the  said  place  till  ibr  .  .  ^  ;  ^-r- ireiii  hi^  Ex^   -  .  y, 
*  App.  Xo.  54. 


who  tells  be  is  ihon  a-oiii:^  Mlnjard  a  inan-of-\vai\  but  lets 
liie  no  furilior  iiito  the  secret  of  his  Exj-udition.  I  have 
Likewise  liis  or<l('r<  to  remove  oil  the  Cairip  from  the  Banks 
of  the  Paver  of  St.  Mathews  to  the  ralmett(.>  Hat,  the  nearest 
to  Diego,  there  to  iMieamp.  As  [  have  long  since  mounted 
one  of  the  Howitzers  on  ^lacliine  Carriages  for  that  Purpose 
I  shall  bring  it  to  that  place,  and  shall  fetch  ih^-  J  Provi- 
dence .Mortars  i'r(»m  Divgo,  and  hop*-- ynur  assistance  to  draw 
them  from  thence  to  Point  Quarti;-.'.  hv  y,v.\v  T.e't.-r  to 
his  Excellency  [it  appears]  tliat  i  -^n  i".  i.-.^'-v  con- 

venient, as  you  tiu'l  tiic  snid   lb  '  :  '       ~  ready 

made  for  that  })Ui  -         '    ■  ■  ■■'   ;  -  ■  "  •  • 

any  other-  ruV.  h'.  i  ;:. 

Privat.;  n.:-  ■       ■  •  .  Uic 

}ih:':..:. .   b:  ^     '  -     '    ■   ^-Ild    nV,  :       •  ' 

ter  an     -      :  ^    -  /v  ^in.         -    ;  ■■^ 

Q.uartv.  b.  -  :b .         .  b..L  -  :    _ ; . : 

come  out  and  -  >  ■  i  iMnn  iVr-,.  [vr:\.i    ■  ..  , 

in  any  '..v.     [b,'\-;        ^•  ■c-;  to  ad'b         ,  i^ia 

AVILL'M  Cb)nK. 

P.  S. — 1  \\-as  in  li'.'Oe-  i^j  have  marcii*/-!  this  day.  but  have 
bed:  Lnbaveo  in  lo-ioovinL:;  the  I^rovi-ions  one  P -at  to 
another. 

This  Day  Col.  \  ;i.uderdi[s.-on  aopbcd'  to  rhe  Comii.  ; 
for  some  Pr(>visi'.«n>,  wivr     ni  Uun  a-le^rc  some  Pii-,-;,  \  >  ■ 

and  V'  -  -  --UI         bl-   V  ;[:.r 

Hut       ....  .  .     '  ---.rb  -u  b:-i  : 

gave  (Orders  to  tlic  tnHo\\'ii;j-  •  •  y          '''-^^v  i'-M^i;n-<  b;" 

next  Day  to  Fort        -  s,  '  ^  -     '  '  -     .  bb. 

Independent  TfiLrhlaun  ;  V:  !,  ;  - 

geant  anu  \    "■    u  of  tfie  b-  n  -  i";:ni:cr^  \  :;;  ,  ^ 


w 


with  10  (bo'WLlil-..:.-.   liL   l;:-;  .    aiiU  Th< 

*  XpiK  Nos.  22,  :u;, 


with  35  Creek  and  Euehet^  iiulinn.s,  innking  in  tlie  whole 
not  Les<  tiuui  l:jU  nor  nioiv  tluin  133  men.  Capt.  I'ahner 
(who  was  employ ed'-^  in  thi.- Expedition  by  tlie  General,  with 
his  men,t  Cow^x'iis  or  to  drive  i\[>  Cattle  and  rioi\<es  for 
his  own  use,  for  which  Last  he  was  to  have,  Besides  his  pay, 
--£-iO  for  every  Horse  and  .£30  for  every  Mare  he  should 
catch,  and  v.  as  paiticularly  Enjoyned  not  to  Destroy  any 
Houses  If  tlie  People  had  (Quitted  tliem)  was  ordered  to 
make  Excursions  from  Oleosa,  and  Jones  idso  was  Directed 
to  Kee[>  tlie  Indians  always  out  Seoutinii,-.  The  Command 
of  the  whole  i'arty  was  vt-rbally  given  by  the  (:reneral  to 
Col.  Palmer,T  with  Di:\  ■  '       ■  '  -  ■ 

Augustine  as  often  a?  i 
in  the  woods.    The  Col.  t-  ■      ;    u  were 

too  few,  and  that  he  shoiiid  "  .  :n. 

The  General  lleplyed  rliat  L  i:  .. 
would  send  one  of  Ir-  .  '.vs.  •  ir"  •        :     ,  - 

said  he  would,  go,  v^.  :    :   '    [ '  /a 

that  he  would  ser;  ■ 

above  party  set  oii     .  :    : ;  .  .    ^  ,       ^  • 

visions  with  them  than  wliat  tht.y  '  ,  ;  ivd  in  th«-;r:'  r-ii  ip- 
sacks,  V-..:      >       111^.  V.:.-  ^-"'J-'-  of  Bi-.:-  .    "  h, 

ordereu  ■•y  i-iic  cn:ii-:  i;:.i,    1  i;. [■  ;i  r  uiirv  L,.  i  ^;.l■l^ML  (_': ,>  y 
repeated  to  tlie  Geir.  :  -  i  Ami  he  had  to-        iin^i!. !  .  -  r' 
Sir:   You  are  going  to  sa'.rilic  \rr..-\i,^  to  whi.di  tiie 

General  answer  ■  ■.       "      "-u-w  a-  1  uiken  p    -  — ^vi 

of  the  Island  A;...      ;j       woiiid  .-riid  liito  inor'-:;--  - 
Soon  after  they  were  gone,  the  General.  L<.:-:..ving  F  -f  ' 
Garrisoned     b./f,M;u,  !vi:ir. -5.-1  ■  d--v;i  i-;  'A-^'-avv-'  i  ^-o 
Hut  on  the  St^a  Bt;ach,  Ui'.  : '  :    ."F  ^  '^y'--  B  ;::  ..nd 

his  Company,  who  tlie  <u  ;  -  iiuir-     ; < >  ^uyii 

the  Carolina  Eegii  xi^u^--.  \i]  '.vvUh^j:.  Col. 

Vanderdussen,  had  lU:-.;..'! ved  a  \'!-rl';i'  -:'dcr  fi-e:.  idni  to 


*  App.  No.  -j'K 

•r  Evitleiitly  soaie  \vt>r(.is  are  licre  'iuiiitftl.  irfM-liai;?..  "  t3  seiirch  f<-»r 

t  App.  Nos.      and  od.  ;i  App,  Xos.  32  and  ;m  . 

'i  App.  Nos.  •;4  and  :;7.  *'  Apn,  Xo.  ;>2,               App.  N'  .  ''fx 


54 


Joyn  Col.  Palmer,  he  coiinternKinded  tluit  order,  and  ordered 
him  to  proceed  to  Point  QaiirteiL  then  lie  embarked  on 
board  the  men-of-war  there  with  his  Regimentj  then  con- 
sistins:  of  257  otiieers  and  men  (havini::  onlv  10  Dav^^"  Pro- 
visions  and  Scarce  any  annnunition  but  what  was  in.  their 
Cartoucli  Boxes),  and  about  100  Indians.  This  Day  Lieut. 
Col.  Lejeau  went  from  the  Camp  at  Point  Quarteli  to  KSt. 
John's  to  order  out  all  the  Carolina  Transports  tlicre.  Ex- 
cept that  with  the  Indian  Presents,  Pound  to  that  Point,  in 
his  way  finding  the  Boat  with  P'' •  jr.  1  ^tcat  on  b'vird. 
whiuh  the  General  stopped  at  thr  =      [[ut  i..-/--  ■-:  to 

St.  John's,  where  Ensi-  M  <.;-;U;„ '  L-  r'l  with  a  Idiard 

to  take  care  of  the  Carolina  i'rovj-ioiis,        L^in  '< 
he  ordered  her  away  I,>irectly  to  tiie  Canip  ai  P'.-i-;-.      :  a'- 
tell.    The  same  Day  Lieut.  Coi.  (.''.K'k  iii^'Ved  the  'jmn 
from  St.  J.  ■,  "  '        v,-^;.  r-r,- 

Howitzer,  villi V,  J 1  '       ■  i  ,.    i-ii'.  ^. 

monung,  having   seen  all  ^  put       :     ,  ; 

ordered  irom  St.  Juhu'-  <  :  •    ;       "  .      l  au-l  :  . ' 

those  things  which  Lvy  ■  -  Ilut,  Li;:  ■  ; 

Lejeau  Keiurned  Lack.  in\  ni-  wa;.  he  orJcrca  K 
Gough  at  the  Hut  to  put  on  board  that  vessel  Eve'  ^  .;c  . 
under  iLs  care.  Whi'^-i  wc--  n.:-v<:.  l)leifo  Sjc 
there  on  Horse  Back.  undLer  no  ^j>:.  ird,  and  in  tlic  •.  •  ,_■ 
comiM^-  the  furtlicr  Hut.  lie  fuund  only  a  SergcarP  I  h 
men,  Guarding  the  <.»enerars  Provi-ior;-,"  •A'c,  LeU  L ;•:■  <;. 
This  Day  a  party  of  the  Spanish  Lidiac-,  v^ho  had  Lan.h-di 
in  the  night,  not  above  a  mile  fr<>ui  tiie  CaroHna  Lanir;  at 
Point  Quarteli,  fell  upon  Some  Cherc'koes  on  the  Sea  Li  erh, 
who  were  going  to  it,,  and  Kilujd  two  of  them.  Cul.  W'.u- 
derdussen  marched  'd  Corapa!.L->  i  aiiucauirely,  upon  '.ciiO^e 
Approach  they  iied.  He  onr-a-d  th  in  l.>ock  thrr>uuL  the 
Bushes  to  the  wa-er  -alv  or  St.  -LuaL-  lUver,  h-cdiindi  the 
Camp,  where  they  G>^t  on  board  thair  Boat,  the 
coming  at  thesame  time  to  Support  thtjnn  Tapt.  Bu' 
his  Com|»any,  got  into  ti«e  ( ';\u\['  af  Poi'j^  -'n-ar-a..  •! 
party  which  the  GemuYil  sent  waa  c' /i.  Paa.annirn 

^At>p.  -Nt.).  ■'>7. 


nn 


5o 

Fort  Moosa.'^'  all  but  tlie  Hangers,,  entered  iniincdiatcly,  and 
began  to  Encamp  within.  The  Colonel  Disapproved  ot  it, 
and  signified  that  it  \va;>  tho  General's  Directions  to  Caaip 
by  night  in  the  woods;  he  uAd  them  that  that  Place  might 
prove  a  grave  to  tliem  (a^  it  had  been  dismantled),  and 
that  he  had  mucli  Rather  Encamp  anywhere  in  OT)en 
Ground,  where  he  could  tight  his  Enemy  Round  about 
wherever  he  could  firid  ati  iidvantage  ;  but  AhiTntosli  and 
]\rcKay  neither  paid  any  Regard  thereto,  but  got  each  to 
making  a  Palmetto  Hou.se  tor  themselves  as  w^^ll  as  the 
men.  The  Colonel,  thus  not  being  ohev<:-h  <  h 
the  Rangers  without  the  Fori.    In  the  ■  ii.  Col.  V  ai- 

derdussen,  perceiving  fi-'^;-.  ['-,:^:  ■.''  'iit-;.  i:^-ul:-h  vA^lour^ 
Hoisted  in  Furc  Muosa,  ^'lu,  •  '  .  •  ir'-'i-  'q>^m  a  Com- 
munication. Sent  a  man,t  who  swom:  :\ .  Cu-  River,  with 
a  Letter  to  that  pur})ose.  Directs  ..  .  :  .  :  \  C;.  ::  C  r, 
which  Letter  was  Jh  cr-Iv'  iC  -n)  -  :.-.v::]  '  r. 

Hugh  McKay.  ,  ;  '  . 

was  sent  out  of  tii*;  (.aii;;.  ;,t    ['.nui  to  }r..;'H 

that  which  was  Expected  Back  ivoin  the  Pahi^^-it-  Ii'i-  M-i\h 
the  Rice,  In  order  to  prevent  their  being  ;  i'l-  -d,  and  ni 
the  afternoon  botli  pn nk-s  Return«.'d  to  the  Camp  with  Pro- 
visions. A  rvle.ssenger  arrived  in  the  Camp  fre»ra  Lieut,  Col. 
Cook,  desiring  a  F-;v^''  -^^  nieo  t'>  a^.-isthiia  in  Draweci^  '^e 
Howitzer,  his  .e..  ■  -ary  :.r  upon  wirieii  </<^L  Vander- 

dussen  sent  hitn  a  r>?.  :iy  of.  men.  The  General,  by  bet- 
ters from  on  board  tiie  S[ •..•nr----,  mau  of- war,  a<:'Ouainte;l  CcL 
Vanderdussen  that  he  pv-e-o-i.-fi  to  Land  tlie  n^xt  m .ruing, 
at  4  o'clock,  upon  tlie  Island  Anastatia  wirh  what  men  lie 
had  thereabout  200  S^i^'>^-.  under  tiv  •   '    ;'  Q?.pi. 

Warren, Cant.  Laws  ano  b'ann  T')\vn>div.:  n.o.nans; 
that  he  should  want  all  the  Craf?  ixo  had,  v.  hi  .  h  he  Desired 
that  he  would  send  Immediately.  The  br.nrivil  aiso  sent 
him  some  Provisions,  wliich  he  said  that.  Knnwir;g  the  -nnt 
he  was  in,  he  had  obtained  from  the  Commodore  for  niea, 
together  with  2  four  r:^a;.acr^.  Bnb-n,        nhic'i  :d 

*  A  pp.  Nos.  32,  So  and  37.  t  App.  No-.  66  and  3  J. 

t  App.  yos.  .59  and  m. 


5G 


shouM  be  iiioiuited  to  drive  otY  the  Gallies  ;  and  that  If  he 
carri-,-d  the  Lslan<i  he  should  have  an  easy  {.'ominuiiication 
with  him,  that  he  should  drive  out  the  (rallies,  and  all  our 
Craft  eould  eouie  in  and  Ho  with  safety  witliin  the  Bar.*  Capt. 
AVarreirs  Surgeon  came  ashore  in  one  of  the  Boats  which 
brouiiht  those  Letters,  who  told  Col.  A'anderdussen  that  his 
Captain  had  Desired  him  to  take  the  Distanee  of  the  Castle 
from  the  utmost  Point  by  a  Compass.  Aecordine-ly  the 
Colonel  sent  a  party  with  him.    Upon  his  Ileturn  he  said  it 


was  two  miles  Distance  from  the  Castle 
for  a  Bomb  B^utery.-^    Col.  \'aiiderdu~ 
General  that  he  hcid  Received  the  2  four 
obliged  to  drop  them  at  High  '  ' ' 

get  purchase  to  put  tlie^u  ^ 
pounders  imeaning  X'---^-  .  ^ 

pecr-_.[  1'  -;;iid  in  iho  T i;i;:-:;"r'-,  ■ 
thv       '  '  -        ■       '  :  -  ^  -  . 

thv;. 

hem  a''r  .  :        .  '  '        , o.  _    ;:;  : 

Town-':  ■'  ■ 

would    -  -  c  ■  -  '  .    -      .  ..  ^ 
take  them  and  th-:  -  :       .  ,  vo 

to        ...  ....    :  :  /       .  ^  ;:.:.KV^,ro,...  :  ^- 

be  tiiuu,_.at  j^:',  '       !...::.':.-    -I   (  ; 

thought  they  :       ;  vi  -c  i 

that  Capt.  \\'cirreft"s  I'Mr;,  ;  i„;]J 
Boats,  told  hiii .  ■  • 
distance  from  ri  l  i 
ingly  he  had  sent  a  p;irt;^ 
Return  he  said  it  was  2  nii 
therefore  not  ht  Ynv 
apprehend  which  way  ;, 


v;-reft)re  not  iit 
'ce  Back  to  the 

j'i',  r-,  but  was 


.le 


r  i : ;■■   r'oiiir,  w. 

:u^i  LK:'>ired  him  tu  : 
I  ^'V  a  <Ajmoass  ;  that 


WiiU 

.  Hi., 


what  he  said  SiiuuM  b^'  true,  that  it  was  Certainly  the  i>est 
place  ibr  a  Battery,  in  order  to  Command  rl-e  b'i  ver  and 
keep  the  Gallies  in  awe,  and  alr^o  to  Transport  ri.^  M 
across  to  any  other  place  that  might  be  1:'m<a  N  - 
But  that  thev  should  be      •     ^  i'iues  when  Col.  (  : 


rs 
'vy 

11 Q 


A|)p.  No.  ^il. 


A  pp.  No.  i;l 


up.  On  ilie  l-tii,  <';ii']y  in  tiie  inonunu-.  Lieut.  Col.  Cook 
and  C?i[>t.  X<)rl)urv  g«)t  mU)  the  (  iimp  at  Point  O^-^-^'^^-'il' 
having  Left  the  mortar  not  far  behind.  CoL  Vanderdussen. 
taking  a  party  of  the  Grenadiers/''  marched  with  them  to 
the  Point,  where  they  measured  the  di-tance  to  St.  Augus- 
tine Castle,  and  found  it  to  he  1  nrile  and  a  Quarter.  Tiien 
they  .Returne'l  to  the  Camp.  Soon  after  tliey  observed  the 
Castle  and  Callies  tiring  at  the  Piirty  on  the  main,  \v\io 
were  driving  some  Llor.-es  from  under  the  Castle  towards 
Fort  Moosa.  ddie  English  Flag  was  Seen  also  hoisted  at 
the  Lookout  ui/on  lIjc  Island  Anastatia.  The  General 
Landed  there  witli  tiie  forces  before  ni<^ntioned,  which  ]ie 
had  advised  Cni.  ^     .  •  Three  of  the  Gallies 

went  down  towar'!-  i^:  •  iT:i'  '  '  ■  !i  them  afivr  they 
were  Landed,  but  upon  the  m-  1  -I'-k'V.s  nnikin-i  ^ail 

towards  the  Gallies.  they  Keni-^d  u;  :  r 

Indians  being  sent  Ijetbre.  th  •  ^ 

pounder,  drawn  beibre  tiiem  ti,'  .  .  ,  :rie 

Castle.    There  was  n(/body  upon  -b'  i.  lor  upun  the 

arrival  of  tiie  Carolina  Keu''  -  '    '  :  'yLiiNjll  rhe 

Spaniards  had  quitted  it,  took  'ii  i  bin-  wlbch 

they  had  at  the  Lookout,  and  :  ■  .  ■  ibat-iorm  on  which 
they  were  placed.    In  the  Eveunv:.  f.'ook's  partv 

and  the  Party  which  had  •  ••  ■  ■■  ■  '  ■  w-i.st,  arrived 
with  the  Howitzer  m  tin  ^  .  ..  :  .i  cll.  S,  ,iue 
of  the  Carolina  Vessels  got  in  o\  er  tiie  Bar  and  aiiv  L  H'ed 
under  the  Inland.  X'and^  ib-i--,  i;  -■.  \.  Q 

pounders  belorigiii'^  lu  tiiu  lb;.; cux,  .  -         5:-  ^  iiot 

the  Carriage  with  it,  as  also  Some  Provisions  and  Stores. 
On  the  loth,  at  Break  of  Day,  Col.  ^bmderdussen  ordered 
the  Mortar  [ov  flowit.-; M.-.t  2  S::-;.--..:"j.d!.-;>' to  I)-'-  carried 
to  the  other  side  of  tb^;  ;.  :,.:,■,;[[.    T  he  (Ttn- 

eral  Sent  an  order  over  tbr  the  onh-  pNat  (bji.  X'anderdussen 
had  to  bring  Provisions  or  anything  else  -n  -liore.  I.)v  one 
Mr.  L'jgy,  who  carried  her  away  witliout  bnediiie'  tue  Bed 
of  the  Mortar  which  was  on  board  iier.  Th.*.-  <b  there- 
fore and  Col.  Cookb^ho  took  the  ^e  ee  .:.f  the  Areil- 
Aj)p.  No.  t'rl.  ""^ 


If^ry.  were  obli.o-ed  to  ploce  the  ^h.>rtiir  in  tlie  Sands.  The 
Ccirriages  of  the  ^Sixpouiiders  proved  so  bad  that  tliey  were 
obliged  to  place  them  in  the  Sands  also.  Whilst  the  Bat- 
teries were  making,  the  Gallies  were  busy  firing  at  the 
General's  Men  upon  Anastatia.  At  S  o'clock,  Lieut.  Col. 
Cook  threw  a  Bomb  from  the  Mortar,*  whicii  broke  just  over 
the  Castie,  As  the  Battery  was  placed  opposite  to  th.;-  -.r  .-/le 
of  one  of  Bastions,  it  was  sometime  before  they  r.r .[  .ng 
any  Guns  to  bear  upon  it:  at  Ln-.  y  threw  a  "^4  pound 
shot,  a  shell  was  R' •  ,^  '  •  '  ■    •  ''he 

Point.    The  6  poll i.  .  :  -  .  ■   -  :h 

Shot  tidling  across  tlir  Ur>\]-r- ri.;^  .V^ h,: ■  .ud 
the  other  in  tii''  nji^;-:       :\r^.i\    ['<r  ■ 
Castle.    A  Reeipr<jca!         v  ,.-  ^  _^  .  J.a- 

teries  and  the  Ca=^rle  rht/  wh-i.  -  r- .  <  wr'  -reat 
deu'         ;  .  ^  '  :  '■■''.'■•■■;  ) r  uu'M  ^.iry- 

ing  [iu-       ■   —  :  .  '  '^'-'^y  ■  '    '  ■  '     '  ~ 

This  'V  -        j  '..''Uinow  ■  .  on 

fijund   ;        o. niiv;  wnii  a   Letter  to  C'ol.  X'an.J <:■■"! 
from  il     .    .10  For;  '  ;     <  -    '  ■ 

had  8  1:  '  -yi  inroad  wlio.  ji  iv:-;,,'.;,:  ^  ■ji-o^-i-^.-o  ^..vh 
of  the  men  there,  would  hold  out  no  longer  than  till  the 
next  night :  wiiei.,  ; '.'i-'.v  had  not  ^••.>tue  how  Supply,  tiie}' 
Should  '  ■      .  ■         vuvi        ^  •      ([uesi  or'  vici- 

uais,  wL.  .  ■  loo  ;m -t  l.  ,  .  ..e^.    He  h-gged 

him  to  spare  them  a  supplv  of  Br'r-t  and  fUee  until  the 
Gen.-r:.r-  arrival  ;uol  ,.a^:Vo;  :-..iai  li:-;]  ;i>iirgeon.  I 
£i  great  number  sicks  with  Fluxes.  O-oo  The  Col.  an s ■;  -i 
•that  he  had  no  Provisions  sint-e  lie  <.-a-me  to  Point  Qaartell 
but  what  he  had  been  oblig^'d  to  >ond  hi-  [»eople  for  to  the 
Hut,  and  tluu  :  ^    ■    '    o  ■■■'■••^(.ar  hot  U)-.  r  '  of 

which  he  had  -..a  .  ikwvr],  wIi-kAi  aai-  o  . .      ,  he 

could  spare.    Ail  night  a  Re^aaa- a  ai  (ire  was  kc;  '  e- 

tween  the  Castle  and  the  Hi  to -ry  ;u  P'Oiu  Qiuoa'  ut. 
Cadogaii  was  sent  up  the  Ixi\-er  in  a  boat  wiih  b:-  :o  to 


Fort  Diego  for  the  two  -matli.  mort.-ir-  tloLV.*^  On 


*  App.  Xo.  63.  t  App.  y...  ;  .Ipp 

§  App,  No.  Go.  App.  xhO.  bo. 


50 


ill  the  morning',  a  .-lioll  v/cu-^  thvowii  from  tlie  Diortar  at 
Point  Qiuirtell  rigiit  into  the  IJa-tiou  of  tlie  Ciistle  next  to 
it.  Several  Guns  were  tir^'d  from  the  (.'astle  and  Gallies 
both  at  tlie  men  at  Point  Quarteli  and  on  Anastatia.  Col. 
Vanderdussen  wrote  the  General  the  following  Letter : 

Camp  at  Point  Oi  Ai-TrLL,  June,  1740. 

Sir:  I  wrote  your  Excellency  v..  at  Some  of  the  IS 
pounders  and  Some  of  the  0  pounder;-  would  I;»e  of  the  mo.^t 
Service  to  us,  and  that  the  Boat  ^  -n,^ 


bring  them  ashore     I  !:  '^'.  '-^'a^-- 

but  yesterday  morr...  '  . 
Loo^v  to  brinp:  her  awu' 

■  ■  ■               ..   '::^e.    I  a:;-rd- 

.           .                  .  .                    ■     .  and  ihe 

Bo.::          -            ~           .  .    :                  '    iu  ^-r^  .nd  -  in 

-  -   ^  :    :  '      -   :  ,  '    ■  ..  .    :  .  ,  -  rl'ie 

Ex':-_r..^  •  :  ■  .      'V'"".-   -uM-M    U:.  : 

which  '.v-;/'   -  .       '   .  ;  i  -       .  '',  Olid  2  ii-or^  '::n 

board  my  -ci:^       ^  ~ ,  ■      ;    .  ''^es 

are  so  ver}'  ii'td  liici^  -.^  ^'..^          ^         a.c;...  "!:e 

Sand.    However.  ]■  ;   :                 •    rday  mor. . : . 

shot.  lIlo  Hi-'  .I'l.  /.  .■;  :  iU su.  1 1  i 0     0( t ii d  m  tlie  ill i- idle 

of  them,  they  -vr  ii.-.-l.'-  ■  :;;e  Ca-de.  an*]  have  not  dar*.-*.!  to 
advance  towarO-      -nc:-!,:,    ?»ir,  t       ,;::n  weni  P^kliiu 
night  in  a  ^^d,  iny  ini'ii  ;;ud  2  of  Mr.  (/o'jk  s, 

within  rail-'  --f .  •i'.;m,  l);n.  rhry  M-M.t  where  ti'jey  were. 

He  i-      ...  .  '      d;;^:-        1^  ^rnall  nK^rr-;-  ^':at 

are  tlitrro.    Th^.*  r-i'.r::<:'-  Wv:  ■  .^m  (ddi^e^  1  to  i v;  in 

the  ---bl     Mr.  H--V  h.-.-^-  -:k.:^i  li:.- ;  ';.d 

the  .  U'K-vn,  v-:.r^  r  I.-.,!  d';j-    :  -  ry 

times!!';     'i'^d  strikes  her  i^'  '  d..  :-:-iid,  A::i/L  •■r  .:---  a, 

ing  ...  -  -„  .:  ■  .  k        ...       -         ..  ,  d.-.- 

cepting  1.  /  .  luive  Broke  in  i  !io  idi-i  If  ur  Town,  io  r i •  a'  :.uy 
first  ''^piuiuu  that  f  ga\'e  your  Kxcvdlency  about  this  jdace 


GO 


as  bein<r  tlie  proporest  Situati')ii  for  a  13attery,  botli  for  a 
Cannon  and  Bf.unbs,  is  coniirnu-d  ncAv  liy  experience.  In. 
the  mean  time  I  Iteniain 

Your  Excellency's  nio.-t  Liind^ie  servant, 

ALEXANDER  \'AXDERI)ESSEX. 

The  Greneral  wrote  Col.  Vanderdussen  the  following  Eettei* : 

CxMr  AxASTATiA.  14th  June,  1710. 

Sir  :   ^\Ve  are  Afa^t^/r^ . ^I:.- 1  ]'ivhoui\  and  Can  Rl- 'e  >^afe 

both  from  the  ( «  • . ,  ■  -    i":  ••  •  •  •  •  v)f  Aii.a'usdne.    J  f  you 

have  a  mind  to  send  m  :  •              .■  do.    I  wc^ul  i  >\[in 

have  -i  T:      v, .■ ,  •  n  v  co  th^;  rf^iin.  I 

order;;  .     .    .  ^ ..,  '   ■ .  .  .r!;'<i.  ;i,>ni  rm. 

Sr,  your  most  divu;  In;::  :  -.  -.:  r--oi:i:. 

JAMhr.  ouLETli'jRPE. 

Col.  "^'andvv.h^-^pii.        .  ;        >:  „  ... 

Pearl,  Co]-;::.  .  hx  Cuvi/i''::    ,    A  .  '  '  'her 

Vessels  C'-n     - : . '  ■  .  r^..  ;  ■  :u     -^iimil  ^  i^- .i 

Anastatia  .       . :  :  ,  ;        r.-i;d,    ile  iV-uiid  >  n;:- 

pounderst  Landino;  for  a  Ratterv,  to  l)eat  down  tIm;-  iVuvn 
and  D.-rr>>\-  rhi^  '  nr'  -       •,    -  •  -  Carried  hy  - 

an<.t  Oi.e  oi  inij'ii.  Ai,;iiiK-!.L     >  from  tii-  <  • 

was  such.  l/viUL^  aJ.'f.'Vtr  a  mile  and  a  half,  tliat  it  was  found 
by  Experience  tlies^  could  lan   r«;aeli  it.     The  Cen-r.d  :-A'X 

Col.  \'audordu--^Ml   Xh:ii   \\':\'   B:iM-^"r\-  '^'^Ir  li;        '-r  lo 

have  thv'  'dun-  V'.irrhvd  lui  'ji:: :  [i>  iii.ikc  a  l'a[:v;ry  i::  v  ^rher 
place,  niucti  nearer,  which  }dace  he  desired  him  t^'  ^  ^  .'iid 
see.    A':'C(>rdii!:„ ; \'  Ci-'y  went  and  -'^-^  '  >    e*     ■  nie 

side  of  a  mur>h,  ao.  ,ur  2  nidf-  U-'jei  li...  liej,::  '">ur 
a  mile  from  the  (disue.  This  place  w,!-  api  rve/Oii  'a',  i'd-v 
fired  Briskly  i';;'a;,  the  ('as tie  at  them,  upon  wiiich  ihey 
Returned,  and  \',- • :  -  ■  i  ^ -  -  e^  .  ••  ;  Id^  '  Vre;'  at 
Point  Quart'dl.     Iw    Le    .  .  -     id.'^ee.  apt. 

Palmrr.    •  d  e  !i  •-  rr-yn  and  the  (jcorfiia  iduii^' r- ^  i'>r  Capt. 


In'lians.  made  J^xrursious  evovv  day.  Somotinies  for  15 
miles  Round,  and  had  .Dro\-<:-  ');.•.  -lii!  h-r  about  1U{)  Horses. 
At  night  they  n?od  to  L^o  rnit  in;  i  alarm  the  Spaniards  in 
St.  Auiru.-tine,  and  particularly  on  the  j*2th.  The  Genera Fs 
Coluurs  having  l)een  seen  at  Anastatia.  Capt.  Pahner.  that 
night,  pursuant  to  hi-  -^J  -  'vith  the  Ih-mgvr.^  and 
Indians,  and  Capt.  McK\  ■  .  •  •  of  the  1  Ilgiikinders, 

wen.t  out  and  fired  upon  the  Town.  Coh  Pahiier  had  con- 
stantly Remained  with  the  Rangers  with.out  the  Fort  *  and 
from  Day  to  Day  perpetually  hlan'r,!  <  '■n,t.  Mcintosh  and 
Capt.  McKay,  \\'ho  with  fh'.^  Iv--'  i''Si;:'ined  witliin. 

lie  told  them  the  Sp; -i'  1  •  '::it 

tiieir  n^^'::'---;  -  :         ,  -      .  •     '  ■  ^ '  '  ■  --e 

th;;ir  1...  ^       ...  .       ::,      :     :    ■    ^  -d 

would  not  move,  it  the  Va.'  'tiv  ,-;n;.<-       v  ir;       i^riiL  '^'his 


the  2  Latr-r  S. 


at  4  oVluck  '.  \'-r\'  i,i"rrd'i--.  and  to  ,^r;;i;d  ic*  iheir  Av]>\<. 

Pvu--:  ■  ii   would  Snll   Ivr-  Ac'-vl'].:^- 

the  Colonel '>ft(;n  t-\\  mr;  ;■  i  •  — ^^i.  Umt  ■i'<_)unt,  Telliiiu- 
rh.;r.  rV.^  ^.    v   -    :         T    "  tiw:;.  ih^-v  did 

Tlle^■  L'--  i'      -  ;  ^   .  ■  '  ■     m'^-m;   ddil^rir,^  i/i-r. 

du<-  :  st  df'ah  1  h-  <  wi.-hed  ]iin:--;f 

awav,        rh;n  h"  n^.  v:  r  '  ii       !ri-  'ijf'.'..  t!i;U 

]iad  U'-^  C^'iiMi' ; -i>  n  t-  :  :\:a:   d-  v  'dd  i!<;r  r>-_.rd 

his  aiv'r-  i:i  id:--  ■  w  ;!; ,     y^-iii.M:  o-.-iiiL,  -i-ur  r.vei'  hv 

th*--  t ;-:■!:' ^!-d  -irr/T  h'/  h;!ti  L;  i-:.;d  !!]>r>u  Aua-i-itin.  :i>  ue  liad 
promise-d.  and  nut  «-v..-r  liv.inng  tr^.'rn  iiim,  (V-i.  Pahiier  said 

flere  i:r  evl(l.:'i)i-e  (>f  f '-e                 .H-r,!'  <  '  •!.   }';>'•.  ■•>•  rh'.se  who 

arlirin  that,  contrary  i-..  C'cii.  O- Uvih-.-rpc'.-  iiistru'-ii-.'ii.s.  Ii.,-  kt-pi  with  in. 
the  Fort. 

t  This  probably  .should  be  "  enraiavn^.d," 


62 


he  coui'i  act  conceive  wliat  the  General  meant  hy  it.  that 
he  Believed  lie  had  sent  liim  there  lur  a  sacrifice,  and  was 
frequently  Ir^ard  to  complain  that  they  were  left  a  sacrifice 
by  Him/^  In  the  Evening  S  Creek  hnlians  marched  from 
tlie  Nation  to  Fort  Moosa  ;  they  Enquired  for  the  (.^'-neral, 
and  upon  being  told  that  he  was  then  upon  the  Inland 
Amistatia.  asked  what  they  did  there,  th(n  Avhctlier  the 
General  sent  these  few  men  against  the  strong  Ga-:tle  with 
those  Little  Guns  of  theirs,  and  said  that  they  were  jn-t  like 
Something  put  into  a  Large  Mouth,  Ready  to  be  Devoured 
as  soon  as  shut.  On  tin-  loth.t  about  one  in  the  morning, 
Some  of  the  Eangers  whicli  i    :  '  ^    •  - 

close  by  the  Town,  but  it  b^dn.;   /    y  ■  ,  '\ 

it,  Returned  to  Fort  Mo«..».-a ,  nnd  il- 

heard  the  Spanish  Indians  daneinLi  ; ' , •  •  ■  ■  :  i  -L-ur      V'    ••  - 
upon  Col.  Palmer  sai<]       \  ■       ;  : 

Day,  ordered  tliem  t^^  v:,  .  .  ,    ,    ;     -.  L'. 

would  awake  them.    At    or  4  c'-'  ■ 
and  alnio-d  all  the  Rangers  cr^jt  no  hi > .-;ui..;- ;  ■  • 

to  their  arms.  Tlien  tli  ' ^ I.  ■■'  '  •  i^;  -      ■  F^  ;-;  - 
them  up,  argued  tin  _  .  .  -  ' 

them  to  stand  to  theii  i>;'^       :^  i  il.        i^  -      ,  „ 

him,  most  of  then-   b:  ,    '      i     _     '      f      ;        ^  ^ 
great  Fas-ion,  an^F  ■    F.  ^  .  ■     :  :  :   ..      ...  ..w 

what  they  Tra-h.v'.  ;^^  that  x\i^:  >oaa^'''F-  wei;i..i  ^  :  i  ;  . 
attack  them  after  tiie  Indian  m.)  ;  -r,  .-o^.l  iFov-h  F  ii:at 
the  General  had  ^-or  r];;  ]n  r-^.T. :  ^  -  ■•r:?a:e.  F':  -^^.a.l 
sometimeafterint:     '  ..  a  ii 

one  of  the  advanced  Scaitinels  callc'l  usu  that  tbcr--  as  a 
party  of  men  Comii.a.      V ^    r';da:  r  Tailing  !  -al. 

Stand  to  your  arms,  r,'-:  .  a^      '  aF^Mii  Ri:    a,     a  ir 

first  fire,  then  iialf  of  you  tire  and  Draw  Back,  uiaking 
Room  t«:)r  the  Rest  to  '    ^      ■         i    -  •viH  K ill 
dogs,    Son^e  of 'the  i  i'aa,-  i.  .  r-.  ti-.-a  u|,>oii  iMAirj  .      ■  .. 
of  the  Bastions,  tired,  notwithstanding.    Directly  the  IF 
poured  in  a  Large  ^'o[i('y,  u;    a  aaa,  ;,  the  CoIojh.I  .-aid  : 
Are  these  the  men  I  have  to  trust  t'F'    f  '■'  a-e, 

*App.  No.  37.  '     )        -  ;:_  , 


63 


and  betook  himseif  to  tlie  Ditch.  The  Rangers,  who  vrere 
about  12  yard?  vvithout,  did  tlie  same,  for  the  Colonel  had 
before  Directed  them  in  Case  of  an  attack  to  do  so,  because 
they  would  be  in  as  uuicli  Danger  from  tlie  fire  of  the  High- 
landers within  the  Fort  as  from  the  Enemy  without.  Junes 
Run  iiiii)  tJie  Fort  and  got  all  the  Indians  togeth^er  in  une 
Flanker,  there  being  a  great  Flurry  and  Confusion  amongst 
the  rnen,  some  being  dressed  and  sume  undressed.  Fie  went 
into  every  Flanker  ttiree  times,  ye'  "^^ild  not  find  Capt. 
Mcintosh,  nor  see  anything  of  his  .-^ ,  -  ,  but  found  Capt' 
McKay  in  one  of  them.  y-\.<  up  in  hi-  shirt,  with  a  sn.all 
sword  and  a  musket,  whom  ' -    ^ -  ^   '  ^  ;'  ^ 

with  the  Higlilanders,  but  !  ' ;  ■       .  ■  .  >e 

the  Enemy,  attacking  in  Difter  jv:  • -i:  ri--.  Uuslu^d-' and 
particularly  Endeavored  to  force  :  -•.<.y  into  ti:.^-  Fort 

throu^-'i  ■  In; '-Fite,  but  it  e-:^  >  wvL  \  e  ^-d  ^Iti  ■•ir  -  ^  ^  n- 
staut  >n:-;rf  Fire  on  ail  •>  •■. -r  a  \>'.n!r*.'?r  -f  :n\  n--  :  .en 
the  2  Fi..inki-r.-  tliat  ^  nno   :  ^1. 

Palmer.  \\'ho  kep^  ■  "  '  ...  i  re :  ■  ■  :  eij-hig  r;  .n 
aloud,  tliat  they  v..,';  i..,,e:-.^;  cvee  .At  lie.L:  :  .-y 
came  on  again,  sword  in  hand,  and  i.\vf>:red  •  i  i.:e, 
being  led  on  by -ui  v'tlA;^'!-,  wh.:eu  _  .u  liis  ]\e ;  :-.e->.-. 
shot:  at  the  saie-?  limL-  a;- )K:  ■  ■  e  e-r\-  ,e.-  e  ihe 

Breae''    ^.        r:ue:;  Mie  F<>rc  \  ■    -  .  -     .  -  pa:;  I.  .e-i-,  it 

bein.u'  -e-:!!  about  iiah"  an  ho-ur  lu--:'.)ri.  l.>.iv.  Mcivay  imme- 
diately jurnped  over  i;uu  tin-  Dni  ii  wirh  a  small  sword  in 
his  hand,  and  advised  al 

after  Mcintosh  was  '  Ve  i  eiit  i'ri-oiicr.  Tiiey  T 
witldn  Sr;njt:tiiiie  ai  ('iub  \-(.re.  rior:,:!:  and  Sk 
fast  as  they  cuuM,  ciU  tiie  Sp-.niarls  o'eing;  Evider 
ters.  a 


il  mat  A  t/rc  ai.ae  ...  a:u  O-.  e,    •.•  va*r  on  ai 


Ditch  and  made  the  ].>est  of  ih<:\''  way  oil,  tliro'  li;.:^  Kacop,' 
that  r>urr')Unded  the  Fort,  aaieng-^t  wlii(  [i  Jon.e;^,  v.-; -1 1 ^  *> 
Indians.  Jumping  over,  wa^  Joyuial  by  Col.  raiiiKe-'-  [wo 
sons  (the  Ca[)tain  and  his  Brother),  and  anoihtr  ';!:'  tlie 
Rangers,  who  all  together  firing  as  they  marched,  and  open- 
ing a  Fassag-e  to  tliem-tbe  o':'  dinir  escape,  Capt.  Pa^ 
in  particular,  KiUing  i^.  .  .  e^diao,  oy  the  wa.\ , 


■\va:s  Just  Ready  lo  Kn-K/k  I>(avii  .}(;iie-.  Ai!  this  iivwr  i'ol. 
Paluier  liiainlaiiit'd  the  J >it.uh  wlu^if'  ht- was,  tlio"  \>\\i  wirh 
two  of  tiie  Caroiina  Ivangers  l>y  hi-  side.  At  h'li^ith  lie  was 
Shot  hy  one  withiin  the  Fort.  Bk-tthng  ir.wardly  very 
rniicli  at  the  ni(.)Uih,.  lie  yet  L<ja(k.-^d  his  Gm\,  and  wpicii 
ahnost  gonr\  jvehiiLr  and  })antini::.  Hi-  still  cried  out  a^  he 
fell  ;  Hurra  ;  niy  Lads,  the  I)ay's  our  own.  I  ha,ve  been 
in  nuvny  l)atile>  and  nt/ver  lost  one  yet.*"  'rhereuonn  tliose 
2  men,  beiuL:  llie  Li\<t.  (juitted  the  dd\.nch  and  Escai^ed 
t^irouLi^h  the  Enemy,  with  many  wouutls,  to  th*^  Rivr-r  -'d--, 
opposite  to  Point  Quarielk  beiriir  ah^mi.  a  mil 
from  the  Fort.        ■       /  •  -  k-  ■  •  ■ 

a  few  that  could  -v>  i>     ■  .!.-     ;:      -  , 

Spaniards,  a^  it  please-. ^i.  ddd  U'li  pu i-i:.;- k :  ■  . 
bur  _        "        ^'  '  ■■ii  <  -  r.-ir  ^['ri;;;:-  ^  - 


In  th: 


w :  I 

count  u  :  V 

For-  ^ : 

e<-' . . .  .  .  - '  .  L 

oth>:v;::-.  -ne  vt  ^ 
about  ■  ^  v. 
Lieut.  '     ■  _ 


tars  ther--,         .  ^    i    .  i:  kie  River,  and  seeing'  tk.w. 
hud         ■     ■  --r  k^i^^  idiii.  -^y^-v:  .:::d 

took  i  ■    ,  -  ;\'  ^'i  k  :  ^  -  i  ;;;;  -Ui(  1.  :\   i  -'a' 

whicil  Feb  ^b!:]■i.  iku—  !:       ur  tb.-       -  h-l 

had  escaped  had  sv\-am  i)Vcr      fii':  rb-  k  ■ 

Galhes  O'-re^k vinLr  tlit-se  ik^ai-  ^^\ei  k.i' 

niovetl  uj^tlie  Rivv.i"  to  intercept  -iheir  Lah-Fnir.         -  _ 
shot  beinpf  tired  at  triem,  tM.k;  iV       ['=ant  <^uarr  -b  :-k 
■  •',  they  Retired  under  tiic  Fa^k",  and  the  Fiorbe 


65 


Laiifled  at  Point  ^^^-li^^^'telL  Col.  \'and(jrd'j<<en  sent  au  Ex- 
press Iminediately  to  Fort  Diego  to  uequaint  them  witli 
wliat  had  happened  that  tliey  miglit  be  upon  their  guai-d. 
lest  the  Spaniards  shoiilvl  surprisi:^  them.  He  sent  also  an 
areoLinr  of  the  aflair  o\'er  to  the  General  upon  Anastatia, 
Soon  after  which  Lieut.  Col.  Cook  lumself  went  over  to  Talk 
with  tiie  General.  The  Remaining  part  of  that  Day  every- 
thing Rested  Quiet  on  all  sides,  and  in  the  afternoon  Col. 
Vanderdussen  move'  '  '■  ■     "'  PohiT,, 

close  by  a  Battery,        .     .  ■  ''.-^ 

Spaniards  should  thi:  ■  '  :  ;  ,  • 

night  tlie  Regiment  wa-  ^ 

G=,  .      -    .       :..„   :  ■.;    --i.l:  •  ^  -      .   .  ii...!i.ir  Ikiil  ; 

Camp  Besieging  St.  Av(m:-ti\k,  10th  June,  174''. 
.^>ir:  God  hasbeen  p^' ;i ]  TO  L';'— ^        ^..h  - 
Exc[>ting  one  unfor;  w  ,  ^ 

Diego  we  .    ■  !ud  Si.  .\Vi::-.  .'.i    :  ■ 

hour  of  Sr.       .       ■  ■     '  :  .         i  '.O'r      ■    '  ^  ^  -  [ 
and  the  0-  ..  :    .        . ,.:  -  ^JOauue]'- 

and  In<lians.  :  .      ^  :i:^:ri:.  O^^^ ":,-rM-..  .>;i  tlie  Lanrl 

si'!  ■      /  ■  -   :  -  -  W'.-  i!--;.-  ri.^a  OM,  Fjlmer 

a:.  .  .  :  iiP-L  KilltMl  or  rrr-on ;-.    .Ail  the 

R  . . .  ■ .  •:  was  with  me  i-  -a  A.  so  is  Col.  \'an<k>rdussen 
and  ail  the  Carolina  Y'.  :  \d.  In  all  other  ihJ.ng.^  v^v 
hav<?  Leeij  -u^  •  -  Tiic  r^p;.uiiurds  haviniz  fhr^i  a  f 
num;M.-r  ot  i,  ^  .  and  not  S'?  much  as  hit  a  man.  \\v. 
hope  sr)on  to  make  •  h;-m  p- \ y  Avar  for  the  Last  action,  But 
wi^h  f-r  n:  -  vi-  :;:-av-'  -  ^: .;  ^  ^  ■  o-Aged  to 

Lea'/c  Ur^,   a<iU      ■  -    ^-..a:::'-    i  ,''a--a        a      1k>'':i:i  ay  LaUU  a.m.L 

water  with  so  small  a  force.    Capt.  Bull  i~  ,^'ail. 

r  am  Sr.,  vour  m-..>-t  <jb:a.liant  iluia^'M.  Sarvnm:, 

JAMEr^  ij^aLETIDjRFE. 


Fa  ti-e  Morning  the  mr.vrjr  h.-iu  ■  nx,-  !  uaoa  ^0.-  H-d  at 
Point  Quartell,  Col.  V.aal  aa^-      auving  Brou^.u:  it  over 

"■•  Ap[a  Xo.  70. 


from  Auastatia,  was  j)Laye<.l  aLcahi.  and  Several  Shv;lls  rhrown 
into  the  Town,  aud  one  into  tiie  Castle.  The  Spaniards 
fired  but  3  or  4  Guns.  Soon  after  Col.  Vanderdussen  went 
over  with  Lieut.  C->1.  Cook  to  trio  Island:  he  fun  rid  iliin'js 
in  a  good  Deal  iA  Distraction.  .Resolutions  taken  aiid  not 
put  in  Execution,  and  the  Ixittery  in  i^:  -  e-r  -  ^  >  •  ^  - 
one  Gun  was  carried  down  and  the  o;i :,:  i i;  . 
Sea  nibn  wure  cumplaiiiino-  and  sayinn;'  they  would  do  no 
more,  Capt.  Warren  w  -  ■      -      '  ^  ^      _  • '.^ 

the  General  was  vour-  i^:  ;        .  ■  - 

tion  or  anyuiinir  el-^,-  '.'.r  i;  'd  ir-r  i 

thread:  li-'l  r  ^  ^        .      :  '  ■      :  :    ;      '  ■ ,  ^ , 


orders  : 

to  ihi^  I.::-- ..  :■■  ■    ,  -.•■ii > --.1    .    ■  ^  ■. 

nou-  ;nvl  M'  :,  -  .■  -    :       .  -r 

with  Xv    -sM-y-  Pr.vi-i^.u^  \[..;,.  an. I  aU  r:-:  ^ 

for  the  S'.-rviee.  winch  ;. 
Make   the    utn^.-^i  I-:;,. 
R.:S.llt  of      c^c'.-.-  .  . 
cers  of  the  inen-oi-wa  r. 


from  Gtrii.  < ). 
t  App.  Xo.  7'-' 


07 


Col.  V'aiiderdusst'ii  and  Lieut.  Col.  Cook  Returned  to  tiie 
Camp  at  Point  (Juarteil,  and  at  ni>iht  threw  SeA'eral  Sheila. 
Sonie  Shot  were  also  Exchanged  thi^  Day  between  the  Bat- 
tery and  xlnastatia  and  the  Castle  and  (rallies.  On  the  iTtli, 
in  the  n\orning,  Col.  Vanderdussen  him>self  fearing  if  the 
order.-?  which  he  had  Received  from  tljc  <  nMieral  were  put 
in  Execution,  that  the  Party  whicli  ho  w  a<  to  Leave  behind 
him  at  the  Poird  might  be  Serve<l  as  that  Party  at  Moosa 
had  been,  Summoned  all  his  ^y'-^  r  \gether,  and  Laying 
before  them  the  General's  on'  -i^'-d  th^^r  opinions: 

thereupon,  accordingly,  they  ])•  ,  -  >  him  in 

Writing,  as  folio w^' : 

Sir;    We  having  perused  the  order-  of  his  Excelleury 
(feneral  Oglethorpe,  which  you  -A-ere  idv^ise-l  t-.»  C*:-;.i.i::::i- 
•       are  •   >  . ,  -       ■     "  ■  '  '  ■     v.  ■ ,  ^  j 

'       _  •     ,  ■   tlie   W-lfiii:'';  -  •  ■.:  :,.    :  . 

and  the  ■■  •  \       .  ' 

to  go  OV'  .    :  .  ;     i  v  ' 

the  Regi:..  :V_  :  •  .  parties ;w(      :         -  .  .i 

Posts  where  they  were  t^vcrv  I  [■  •!  ii' ■  r;  \^^-\^       o[  r, 
y--  -  "'ly.  obligi--  Th';  ^v;M^lr  ^M't;iei:i  e  -  ' 

;l>  _  wiiich  wili  so  Wr-akeii  li.e  ...  ■  .  .-^  '/f 

an  attack  they  will  liardly  be  li hie  t'»  -iai;d  Iv.  i-n  an  Espial 
Number  of  i      '      ^  lii'.vo  alavady  ^-xp-rivi;  ■  ^d 

too  fatally  tli-  In  v.^.n-.  ■ ,  a.  ii<;.;  oT  ir.  L!dy-.  ^ 
an  attack  should  be  made  on  the  Paviy  j>ro}" -.-i  •  i  •  L- 
here  by  the  <  Tallies  Landing  a  Number  of  Men,  our  liciT r  .ey 
(as  it  is  called:'  can  be  rrf  no  ;e>f  to  prev-  iit  -u^ei  Linidiur. 
for  as  we  h:.:.-:-  ^  ooe  <.din  }.b e;i) ■  ■  d.  ^  1  »:V'::U  rhai  .eiA- 
after  ev^e-  .1  take  near  a  bp;:-'  dan  Hour  to  be 
repla'-ed  /..e:;  a  Idoir'ouni.  tliu  lE  -  '  --  j'  'vieiL  c  ;-f; 
pass  ir,  E-:u/'-K!i;y  ■  ^,  ^-e^;  r.i';.i  ue-vW^  ie:>ve  'O 
level  a  (dun,  .vii .  .,,  ^'  her-  e^ow  a  lsmi 
Xumber  of  Sick  and  wounded  who  will  Repuire  a  Guar;! 
tii  dviprif]  them,  which  will  '  e  :  ■ 
to  leave  them  without  it  w^.'>i,■:   ..  .  e..  ,          .^i-u  eieus,: 


OS 

human.  -Itiily.  Flt  iliat  in.  Ca^e  of  a  Defeat  evf/ry  man 
must  Expect  to  Ix?  inui'<lere<l,  having  no  place  to  Retreat  to, 
which  the  Enemy  v/ill  always  h;r-.  '^'i  <'n"iHie>,  and  in 
Such  Ca?e  the  Morrar  and  Gun^^  :  .  .  ^all  to  th^' Si-an- 
iards.  who  afterwtird-  will  Certainly  use  them  against  the 
party  on  the  Island  of  Anastatia,  a  C<''  ■  hat  Re- 
quires the  utmost  Care  to  aToid.  othly.  ;  ,  .....  ..  /le  Gen- 
eral withdra^\'  his  own  Soldiers  from  us,  we  tlnnk  it  as 
Reasonable  to  have  ihis  R-  '  ■ 

that  if  Augusrine  is  to  be     ^:  .     ':  .'  ;u.  -  .  - 

cannot  Conceive  of  whar  i.  :       this  P*  : 

possibly  be,  especially  wh  ': :  \  wive 
the  whole  Foi-  -    •  v     .  ^  .  v  .-i.i','. 

all  the  Cas^tains  :ni;]  L,.'';i"  -Ma;:;-  .'i  ui-      :  :cnt. 

Col.  Vanderde^-r-n  v.^<-re  -i, 

cated  the  san:^- '  ■  :  >.  •  ^   •  *  ;  . 
they  Refused  to     •    ■  .■  ' 

''this  is  'V  '  -         '•  •  ■     i:  M 

orders  nie  m.  ■ .  -  :  .  . 
was  Dropped .     Th  •  ^  ;  i  ^- 

order  I'rni^i  t i.-j  .■  : 

Upon  this  CoL   \    ;  -  :-!-m:i n 
Barge  wen':       '  :  - 

with  him  K  '  ~  a  :  _  ;  ,.: : . 
Capt.  Warren's  Tent,  where  th*  -  re-iu  ! 
were  given  for  every  on--  tu  wirhd: 
the  Commo'lore,  Col.  X'aiid :  -  ;  ^ 
Laws.  Then  the  General  :*>k"d  ih'. 
to  be  done  in  tlie  Preseni  Sltuatioi 


A  pp.  L'.',. 
t  This  \va->  bat  a 

But  a-jainst  :.  ; 
i  App.  No.  74. 


L.r  ^      ■   vi  as 
Capr.    '  : 

to  comt*  a--;iore 

i!g  the\'  wt'iiT  Vo 

':']  rheni ;  orders 
-1     / '      ., ,  1 


of  adair- 


00 


declared  tliat  tliey  vvoiilil  stay  no  Lono-or  than  the  otli  of 
next  month,  nor  vSO  Long  in  Case  Eaj^teiiy  winds  Set  in 
Sooner.  The  Commodore  made  answer  that  that  was  not 
in  his  Sphere,  being  the  Peonliar  Btisiness  of  tiie  General  to 
Direct.  But  that  During  his  Stay  he  wnnld  give  all  the 
assistance  he  could  Spare  out  of  hi-  Majesty's  Ships.  Then 
tl'e  General  asked  C"ol.  A"ander*iussen  the  same  Question, 
who  answered"^  that  lie  would  give  his  opini  ;  ;  'i  that 
afterwards  he  might  do  as  he  th  -  ■  •        That  it  was 

his  opinion,  first— That  the  ;  ■    -    ^■  vl  upon  that 

Island  nearest  to  the  Town  Should  'h'-.iised  with  all  }'r.s- 
sible  .Expeu .  ^     '      ■  '  .'^  .,t 

to  drive  the;/,       ]  ■  :  . ;  ■  :  .  .  ::-s 

should  E^r,,:    .  :      ^  .    :        ;/^.  ,  .-  ;  ^ ;  .  r  S 

i':^-   :  the  manner  ho       1  :  ^.        p.-' '  .r. 


municar  -  ,  ,.  \  ■     .  '  dii'i  ij./ >  m  .  ^o.  ■ !  w-w:  i'U' 5 

and  other  i: ,-;-_--'u/.  — --T^ .^'j.  ir  v,  --^       the  i/r];^,-^  *  - 

quenc<;-  '    ; .   ihvyo.  i  --,;;.':;--     ■     "'-v-'  ■ /.v.  aI- 

eniiij  I'  .    .          h.;,v':;_.        :    ,    .  '.0 

tell  iiin^  :  ;  ;     'l'.\'f;e  that  ue  ^vn-  :\r,\]'r.[  -1'  t;K-  Sr.;i,iii,5,r'_N.  ./nd 

tiiei-- '  ■■■  ■.'    -n  an  ishr.n.h  ui:*.  i  aiso  tlie  i'arty  oi  the 

Return  i:  di-;.' d/i  .-'V,  liud  -mi)':       itnr  p-.-.m^'m  ppi,,, 
Main  :  as  a  ^maii  parr\- i>f  thdii  \'-^\<\i\^.  'v-ve  l/ie 

already  if  thev  liad  nor  M-rp/p/l''.  ■ii.rp:-;;  •  >  :  uur 
people  at  Fort  Di-g- wh':'  ;  ..^  p  •  /  ■  :  i  _  vard. 
That  after  all  -h::,  w.,.  iPit  lu  K  uo  :i  Dav  diould  l<e 
agreed  upon  by  a  Signal    >x  \\:\-  ■.•5  ni  the  Jslana  to 

be  carried  down  to  the  ;-our{i  l  \  '■ :■  Fown.  and  tiiO^-? 
upon  the  Main  at  the  Xorth  end  lu  ,.P;:^■k  rh-  Tuwn  .i^e 

Col.  VdlldcvaA^^.:..  ..       -      ..    :    •  u:p..v. 


70 


same  time,  sword  in  hand.*  This  was  agreed  to,  and  that 
the  General  should  go  over  to  tlie  ^hiin  witli  his  troof^s,  and 
the  Indians,  and  that  Colonel  Vanderdussen  should  come 
over  to  tlie  Island  and  take  the  Command  there,  in  Conse- 
quence of  which  the  General  ordered  him  to  Bring  his 
whole  Regiment  over  from  Point  Quarteil  to  Ana-taiia. 
The  Colonel  returned  t<>  his  Camp.  X'ery  few  Gvivi^  were 
fired  this  Day  on  eitlier  Side.  In  tiie  X^"  :  :^  '  at 
Point  Quarteil  was  alarmed  by  the  Soun'l  ei  Coat-  Iv  wing 
on  the  Water,  and  all  were  o^ot  under  arms,  but  n"  - f'ino- 
further  eii.?ued.  On  tlie  l^aa  >  .  o  of  the  Companies  •  ; 
Carolina  Eesfi;: a" '  ,. 
over  to  Anast;^' :      '  .  - ,  . a;  a,-;...:,  a.. ^:a,        .  :.a^r 

Side.  Col.  Vu  '  -  '  r>ver  with  Liaiia  ^  '  -  a 
to  the  I^baad.  ami  '  ■     ^  before,  wa  :.  :iie 

Battery  being  in  '       r  -r- 

for  that  was  a  gra, a  _  aj  a  :„a 

He  went  to  til  ^a:  ^  a-':-;  him  whetliar  1; 

alt- ■•  ^        •  y ~  ::\  :a:.         torwari^-  a  : 

to  .:gaa  \  [  ■  '--^  Short  V.}:r 

attenij  :  -  .wfew  Dav-,  a    r  i;  ,^ 

Men-ot-''A'.u-  w^niid  s-a-      L'a^',.-  :  'a-  a  \\ic  oth 
Ivh^i-';     J:.-  ^  .  i:^       :  ^!  '  -b;-..        ■  .  v,.:Hairur  ah  ^       i  -  w 
he  .      :  h   '       ^    :    .        -a:    aa   ha.d   ra--"  -aac 

Provisio!!-  f'vi'-ra  aaa.    L'a-?  ^  a  .j,  .^gi  told  him  thar  !a;-aa-ai^ 
that  vera  aa_ar  --U'l  ov-r  Pnjviaions,  Ihey  heiia:'  ■[ 
the  Slno[/  ;jai  aaaaii         l:a.<l    [>a 'ai  a^ :  ■  n  lem)  K*"aa 
liver,  and  the  iiaxr  a-  \  a-  ^  a:a;  J  a  ,,arli  the  'dau.  The 

General  Replied  Vnni  lit-  had  no  Boats  :  the  Coionj"-!  said 
that  hp  wonld  ca-'i'\'  :  hiaii  ovar  -  ''^-  a,  and  '  ilv 
Sent  tw.)  Bv.ax^  ihr  tie--  Pr--.>vi?i'->!. -  aai  Carra-  ,  nr- 
to  the  Point.  In  tlie  Evening  he  a:-  :-;a'ned  to  his  -d 
Point  Quarteil.  Leaving  Lirut.  ( '>,[.  Cor.k  with  the  i.rnJ, 
who  ordered  him  to  stav  thia'-  thai-  lie  laigl-t  t'a-:*  !,:_;]it 
Settle  Matters  with  liim.  esaMa.  ha  h' r; !  .  :  ,  .;iu 
over  to  the  Island  with  lii^ '>'-vai  < '.aaaa:;-',  aia;  ■  , 

again:  rha-  a  .  iit  nvt-r  also.    L^  the  E  .•■  .  . 

*  App.  So.  "if  App.  No.  7  >. 


great  Carolina  Mortar,  at  the  Lower  Battery  upon  Ana&Uxtia, 
was  tired,  and  also  the  mortar  at  Point  Qiiarudl,  and  ai 
ni^lit  a  great  number  of  Cohorns  were  tired,  iit  tlie  advanced 
Battery:  some  of  tlie  Shells  broke  over  the  luiUies,  and 
some  fell  Short.  On  the  20th,  in  the  morning,  two  Desert- 
ers from  tlie  Gallies,  an  English' ^iinn  and  a  Dutehmanj  came 
to  the  camp  iiipon  Anastatia,  v, .  o  Information  that  the 
Spaniar<ls,  Imagining  there  ^^  ^0  men  upon  that 

Island,  and  200  men  upon  i  'Ui*  ^^.icucell,  intended,  the 
Xigltt  beff:.>re,  to  have  Landed  ntio  men  nu  Ai^astatin.  But 
that  u|.>on  riir  ^Vohorns  b-i, ■  _  .  ^  ^ 

> ;  ri-  ■ .      ■  r.^ ;  ■      ^  '■" ^    '  ^-l  .    ■      '        ,  •  ■  '  .■ic'Cr 

that  C  ■  A  ■  :    ■  ^ .        ^  .  ■      ^  1.1  were 


a  Great  man^^  would  L  . -.i.  .             :  A   ii:-;    > :  •       -  ■r;a- 

nity.    That  G.:  :  ' '  .     .           :G-  i 

au'i  that  oneor  :    ;  ; : ,     -  ^        \  In.  ..r.  ■  ■■^  i 

In  ihe  afternoiv . ;        '  .  ■     ■  _                tiie  G;.'V^'r- 

nour  uf  St.  A:i^':-;i:;.'.        ,  -          u:  -  me 

time  Let  hi:     '  :    '    "  -   ;     .        v  ■  Ir.--;:./:-;  lil 

he\\oi,ld  ;  ■ "  ;  F'iA' MiLT- ],;■;  l:id. 

An  Ofhc'?!' wirh,  a  i  .„  '.\  ':.;e  and  n  in'\iii  having  gone 
down  to  th-  F'iv-i'  '         -        \/'i-;lv.-.  and  l-ci't  a 

Parley,  0,  ;  '  [.H-:-  -rid  Ih-;;eiv- 

ing  tii;-  L.rf-r       .  m         >.    '      -  Returned 

wich  a  mi— tli-it  an  aii-wcr  -houdd  .,:v'vn  the  next 
morning  at  8  o'clock.  No  Guns  wei'e  ruyd  this  Day  on 
either  -^^ide. 

"  1 '»ner  from  Fredv  :  ■  :     :.'■-]  }•■>(.  Augustine  bAir- 

bo,.  ^  :         ^"'^   ■  :  '       •    .  .,dr   ^  -  .  ■    '  ^      .  ■ 

Ge:r-;.,.  i  i^^u^v  -^..A.d      ,  :  ...  .  ... i.:.rm -d. 

Shells  and  IB";  Barrels  of  (.hi!.;  ■  /  Viz:  BjO  Barrels  out 
of  the  Store  Ships  from  Enudand  (which  th.e  f.hjneral  had 


App.  Xo.  7<i.  r  A  pp.  No.  77. 

i  App.  No.  78.  ii  App.  No.  TV. 


Left  at  Frederica  when  he  set  out  from  Uience),  an<l  1<3  bar- 
rels more  taken  in  hy  the  way  at  St.  Andrew's.  Thi<  was 
the  first  Powder  that  the  General  fiad  out  of  ihafc  Ship.  He 
had  sent  Back  the  above  Schooner  about  a  Month  ago  from 
St.  John's  to  Frederica,  with  an  order  to  Capt.  Colebatch, 
the  ma-'er  r»f  the  Store  Ship,  for  Several  Stores,  amongst 
whieli  •  as  to  he  5<)  barrels  of  Powder,  but  when  she 

Ivetur]\'  L      '     '  '  ;    May.  wi^'' tlie  article, 

the        .  .        :    ^        I^i--').       >::::vcbvrv.  v/ho 

w.;-^      ^  .     y     .     :  ■  ■  i--;  -e^d 

50  barrels  of  Povvder.  bat  tliat  ov  -:.drr  :  it 

wa~.  y:  :.._ngy..- 

par-  .    :  .        -    .     •  ^  '  -ame  iJay  v;  :...     ■  ..r- 

for  thv  i  V' Icr,  ccc,  'W  Brva^v^St.  Another  C^  -  ■  a;  ."  .  : 
the  C'a:  •niia  Ib?a;i:  a  carrio'l  o^er  from  Pouit  a„  a:ia'- 
t^dl  r..  A---a;a-:i,  ;  a  ^  aaaa  a  faw  of  the  ^^--a  -a!-^ 
A:a   -    :    -  .    a.-.  .  -     .1  a.  i:b.,  F^nn     lb  a  "a", 

thva^v-  .a>  ■  ■     -         r    .      ■^sbheyw ■  ■  ■  : 

ori      :  ■     -  ..  i  .:  ; .  ■  ■ ,   .  ■  ■  -  ■  ■  ;  ■   :  aa  1  !  a.         [  .  \:- 

tar  ;     .  ^  -  ^  -  ■  -  ;  'a-.U!  ar-:-,  i 

,  :       .  a  '  .  '  ''''\:.  a  ■      '   ^  '     a  :       t  tlie  a!:v;aj^  a^i  or 
ap[)er  i>>aLivry  pia.'^..     [l  ii:  '  ■   a:'?  two  luita-ries 

Lavaieaiirr''  -aA  ^  i.-ii-^;  ....  .  Thi.EvcaiaLir 
Caia-.  W'r^^.'  :         :  .r.::  :btar  ncyv-.^. 

to  aa->i;,-   a       lai-  aav-ui..a;d  ixUtciy  ,  who  did  mora  ilii-^  r-ne 
Niab'    '        b_al  b^'Cii  d-aia  t.'va.'r  suice  the  force  hu'l 
up  a  a.._'  Island.    In  tlu'  Xiyhi,  upon  an  alarm  tha:  aie 
Spaniards  wereLanvlia^  i\x  the  Pouit  of  ?vhir>r!  oj^jM.:,iaj  rj;^' 
Ca-tA.  Col.  "v^and^ii-da  -  a  his  Ra^ximent  under  ;^  raa^. 

with<HU  B-ar  -vf  1--;:.^  Marelaal  <!-)W]i  thitlia:',:; .>u 

found  it  ;       aairm.     On  tla-  2i-a,  ia  die  ra:^:a.a;a-, 

Col.  Vanderdu^'.-en  lu  lirvt-d  ail  ■  ■  aaraVs  C'aa- '"L:a 
thay  miyhi  Eia!M;'a  i-^-riia  Mani.  i'li.;  Boat  Expeata'l  wnii 
(he 'I'A'';;rn^!ur .  •  ;  _ :  > -aiae'-  answ«-r  to  the  Cent-ral  ■.■ame 
ovvL'  \aivb  <!  ie"~~a:.r''  dait  hi^  answer  Should  be  sent  in  the 


He  Swore  by  the  Holy  Cross  that  he  would  Defend  the 
Casth?  to  tlie  Last  droj)  of  his  Blood,'*'  and  ho|!ed  soon  to  kiss 
his  Excellency's  hands  tiiere  :  with  Respect  to  the  Prisoners 
that  he  treated  all  witli  Iliinianily,  a<  he  Desired  tliat  his 
People  niigiit  be  treated.  It  -  >  -  ro  two-tlii;-  '  ■  the 
people  were  for Stirrendei'ing  '  .i>  ,  .  i  .vn  that  ii.v_;  •:;  uld 
be  permitted  to  .li'o  to  the  Havanna.  But  the  Governoar 
and  the  Bishop,  who  had  eonie  at  ' "  wledge  of  ti . 

that  our  iiien-of-war  Dt\-:.j!:-    -  "idd  not  .-^n;.- 

it.    Tlie  firing  was  Rei-  • -'d'-s.  iw.'i   <■■■■  .  rai 

Shells  thrown  as  well  as  '  T.  : 

TheC:      ^  •  • 
sho-e,  W-  :    ...L  \ 

di;^~  :^     "      /       ..:      .   .  ^  :        .  : 

the*;-'.  -  V,.    :y  ,   v,-^        .  i         .  ■„;:,:,.  ^ 

affair.       .  -     -  ^ 

wouM  corrv  it  oii  vv:;!;  \  ■  :  :       '  -  ;  „• 

Ot    '      ■      '     '  ,  ■  :  :  ^      ;         .        ]  ,      ;  ,  .  ■  ■:■  \    \   ]  '  ■  ;  all 

exp-...;  j:...       ]  ^  '    ■   .  ;    ^  - 

Anastatia,  np'                 .  'm..     Oh  il.  ■ 

Battery  '  '--h^'^  r;ii-ni  wi-ii         :  ,  ,            Bap'-  by 

theAb.lu;/             i  nirir  N.'l,/ •  -  ■  vow  [  iv.:h,- 

teen  rCiU-'/  .                        a. id  :i-  -  .;;  ya'il'Uhl,  i  ■  .;•]. 

to  play  ea rly  upon  the  e'asth'  and  «  nd.lies  Lvinj^-  befor-,.-  di-- 
Town,whirii  R'-;-';v:a./i  rli^^  tiru  Briskly.    However,  th.; 
lie-  w^:Ti''  -  ^  e  ■■0'".j  d      luoA-e  iuvrUi-v  '\''y^'z\,  i^v  tiia:  i:.  '-'-^ 
Rao::  •„  :     a       wliirl.   lay  ^.._a   r,.  rl.,i,.  at   ^.a.   .  . 

§  \\i\i>  sh'->     .  a.  i'M-r.    At  N </on  lilt.' /u''"  ^-^  , -d. 

and  anothr"  a^v  ^d-;  -  \  -  --a  a e  v-uw^r  diar  aad, 
and  a  :    a,  e         ■      ■^■-•^'y   'da;  ^  ddiif-s.     A:  d 

O'clooi-:  -y^'  a;-  ;aj-  idaa-W'  d  y;->'cds-  on  d.-4b.  Sid;-:  ,.  \ 
Lastt-d    r.:'    '      :  d-  .  Aar  Caa ,  ^ -^y       y  5,.,  (y.^ 

liegirnt'iii  .  -  'a  ^  ...a  a  av  idiL  \  au^h-rda-^.-!!  a  -i,; 
Point  Quar^ell  to  Ana-'ati;!.  and  ^nnie  of  tiie  Genera!  -  a.  :\ 


4 


7-1  ' 

more  or  his  men  over  to  Point  Qiiartell,  aufi  Col.  X'ander- 
du.^sen  ordered  Lieut.  Col.  Lejeaii  to  come  over  from  thence 
to  Aiia-^tatia  with  the  Remainder  of  his  Regiment.  Accord- 
in.o-ly  in  the  eveninir  he  did,  Leaving  only  a  few,  which  the 
Boat.^  could  not  Receive,  to  come  over  the  next  morning. 
On  the  24th  *  before  Day,  some  of  the  Chickasaw  Indians 
who  had  swam  acros.s  the  River  and drilled  a  Spanir^h  Indian 
near  the  Tovrn.  came  diincin<x  and  Sino'in.i;-  the  Death  Hop, 
accordino:.  to  their  custom,  to  the  General's  Tent  to  pre>ent 
him  with  tlie  hea<l.  The  General  Rc-''"i  ^f^'l  to  a'- o;  -^  it. 
called  them  Barbarous  DoGfs,  and  with  n 
;  ■  '   ,  '  :  ■ .  i, 

Lnu.;'  p  >  the  Ft'v-.    : '  ■  i    ■  ■  ^- ;     :  '   . ,               ^     :  I  :  ■  :  ■  ;i 

that  manner,  an-l  it       ]^-A  <\  ri'i'^d 

one  of  our  he;  i  ■  le 

should  liave  bt:-  ;:  ^    .  n 

now  used  by  the  ■  ^    .   ■        ■   :       _■-    1'"                 :  •.  y 

seems."^  as  well  'i- ■  ; 

Leave,  say i no-  the  Mouses  would  be  useful  to  us.  ]MiUiy 

S':-::-^  ^--'''-^--'v  M  i  <  ;n  ::  •  ^  -  -  Day  on  Both  S^L--.t 
The  -.rvii •  ^  '  ^  ,  -  ec  10  attack  the  Eu-my 

upon  the  Lan^l  -ide  without  more  Troops.  He  wrote  the 
following  Letter  to  our  Lieut.  Governour:!! 

Fkom  the  C.orr  before  Augl'stive, 

24th  June,  1740. 

Sir  :    ?We  !;:ive  \i:v\  a  Small  Loss  at  Moosa,  as  I  men- 

:\'  ;  .     :  >        '-7,  i  A;:i|).  Xo?.  and 

i  A'l    a  -Ma^- 

^  This  IcU'^r  i';;r:!i>l:'  -  n.in.i^.  ".-aa,.\      :  r  ti;-'     -u-.ai'.n.  wan-ii  r;;;ist 
be  described  as  slanderous  '      a  B;di,  viz  :  tu.it  he  'i-.-soried 

hi=:  post  when  on  duty  iind         -  _ht  privatf^iy.  c.irrviji^z ''iT  aMir 

!      :.  • 'd  escaped  tu  Cluiriestown."  Certainly  a  -  a  -      ■  -  •  dd 
--i^ned  the  honorable  y^ost  of  bearer  of  '.-.."■i -.  -i.d 
referee  for  mrther  Information.    One  nusrepresenuicairi  so  serio  ;- as 
tli!.-^  should   bring  into  tiuesti.on  the  whole  of  any  history  wliich 
ad-ptsit. 

L 


tioned  in  my  last.  We  siininioned  the  Town,  to  wiiicii  die 
Goveniour,  Bishop  iiiid  Council  of  War  gave  a  modest  an.-wer, 
that  they  were  Resolved  to  make  a  Defense.  The  ^.Tallies 
are  tiie  most  troublesome  tilings  we  meet  with,  who  it 
Walker's  Schooner  were  here  may  easily  be  Restrained.  I 
have  Desired  Caj)!.  Bull  to  carry  you  these  advices,  an.d  to 
solicit  for  more  Men  and  Walker  s  Schooner.  If  there  are 
more  to  be  Raised  at  riio  \<-,.rtlr>v-.r<l.  Mr.  Hol/.i.-i;'lorf,  of 
Purysburgh,  has  a  very  gooil  intercut,  and  is  very  Pr<![>er  to 
be  Employed. 

I  am  Sr.,  your  most  obedient  hum])le  Servant. 

Refer  you  to  Capt.  Bii''         ,    !  .  t. 

In  tht;  ]•/■     ■;,  ■  ^     -  ■[[ 

Regiment  u  .;,  .    ..  ^         .       -\  .  -  : 

also  Leaving  Li  .;;-:.  •  '  >[.  i''^,/::  ;  i  o''  ir-  -.ts 

only  ii;.  '  ' .  '     ^ '  . 

up'.ai  -  ■   -   -  - 

over  wi:ii  die        _  _    .  ,    -   ,  ;  _  :  ; ,  , 

did  go  over,  an^i  n  \-;-:ii^r-.  :    '     ■  ■ 
per^'^    '    '  '^0  g.:i  [(>  hiui,    '  *      :        .  .■;..:„ 

the  on  :\y.-  -[rai.:   '.v-;u;  ;  ■  ]  -    r      :  '...y,, 

again.    A  ■  y  r  ■;■  .  :      .   'u  the 

Evenin:.:  '  '   4  \'anderd;i-.'::  .■  :-:,ir. 

propose' I  ■         .       ;  >^rvice  -r.  ^  ■       .  r 

attack  upoji  iL^  .-  ■  ■  e;.^;"  i       -'u: :     \'.  ■  .  - 

The  Colonel  oriered  to  undcruikr  ir  h  lii^y  wu';;.!  '  wa 
their  Boats  and  >ome  of  i.heir  Men.    Tiiis  they  :.  - 

come  into.    Then  Iw^  prop^-^ed  t<>  Cnpt.  Tyrie^  - 
offered  his  service.',  tliey  .-lion Id  (.'onunand  the  ar.:       .  ■  ni- 
sei ve.-.    Agrecel  to.   Capt.  War  re  is  g"ing  on  b<:ai.  •  ■  ' 

mod'.'Te  l>i-appr<.>vt:-.l  •-.fir,  ;ni'i  -e^'i  h"  Siiiee'e-  M 

thinic  '^f  -ueh  eonse^ ,  -ii'e'e   ^     e_^-^,:d'n  \: 


^App.  Xo.  25.  tAp 
;i  Notice  is  Uiiaiii ' ' '  ' 


-^viiich,  as  usual.  "  ■  ■  ■  ..n- 

swered,  yet  ngain lie  •  .  i.   -in-i  iina!i>- th»^  cuin- 

modore  pronounces  it  '  -o--.  e~.   i-i:-.  -u:  ••iiue.s  further  .-.s-i.-ruiice. 


his  Knowledge,  Upon  thisCapt.  Warren  I\eturning  ashore, 
Col.  \'anilerdiLssen  went  with  him  on  honrd  the  Commo- 
dore, and  having  aru-ued  the  necessity  of  attacking  the 
Gallies.  and  that  tlie  Diillculty  was  not  so  great  as  they 

InV  /:   .      '    -       '    ;      .  ^'  "   ■'  !  IjC  put  in  Ex- 

ecuii'  i.  .  :.  .  - -'--^     ^  ^  —  -1-:^^  ^:vi!ant  (Mr.  Swan- 

ton)  should  go  asliore  and  take  upon  him  the  Command  of 
the  attack,  but  when  the  G*-  came  on  shore  new 

Difficulties  were  a^:;:'':         -  '■'  'ron  desired  Col. 

Vanderdussen  to  a-.  ,     :       .       :          ;        .,  ].jat  n^-i 

he  could  give,  which  he  did  by  him  in  a  Letter,  <i- 


ice 


Sir  :    Cnotain  Warren  n>:'l  me  \i  w<.v..ild  be  pr«^r.-fr  to 


1  of  li.  J.  :      ■      '          .  .       '  :  -  '  -  .ul 

Cami;-"--  ■  v:ii;u:ii  1 

100  iri:                            .   .    I         -       :   proper  o, 

COIii:^;-.     '  I  r^n;i;'  hl-v          . .  .       :   -  r)i   the  hy 


the  -.  '  -       :  ■  ;  ;  -uniel  Run- 


i-e 


lies,  and  tlieref«jre  am  v-  .  ••rnin  it  inu  -i  be  attendcl  wirh 
success,  and  with  as  Lit  tie  danger  as  anything  of  that  nature 
Possibh-  can  be. 

I  am  Sr.,  your  Kojr-sr's  mc-st  Humble  Servant, 

AL£XA^;DER  VAXDERDUSSEN, 

The  Commodore  air-wered  the  Colonel  as  follows  : 

Flamborough,  off  the  Bar  of  Augustixe, 

25th  June.  1 7  e  k 

Sir;  *I  have  the  favour  of  yours  by  Capt.  \\birrO!;.  nnd 
shall      .iickul  to  do  anytlnnu*  in  my  v  •  li-:-  -t 

you  ] 'l•^:^^LNe.  But  a-  rlie  ^'i--  i-,  ^  Me,  ;.eee'_!.  rLe  aji<ur  .i  ■  .,o 
-  App,  No.  N'i. 


■■7/ 

Hazai-'Jous  for  ii^  to  I'li'lrriake,  as  yoii  will  |»ei'i'.oive  l.)v  the 
Resolutions  of  the  Ctamcil  of  War  yesterday,  which  1  liave 
Desired  Capt.  Warren  to  Conimiinioate  to  you.  I  have  sent 
by  hiTii  a  List  of  tlie  PJoats  belono-in,u-  to  us,  and  the  numhur 
of  men.  ihey  ought  tr*  carry  to  be  lit  for  action,  and  by  that 
I  Believe  you  will  tliink  the  Strength  we  can  muster  between 
us  will  not  be  able  to  carry  the  Project  proposed  into  Execu- 
tion with  any  hopes  of  Success.  However,  to  shew  my 
Inclination  for  his  ^h\jesty's  Service  on  tlvis  occasion,  I  am 
ready  to  Leave  it  to  tiie  ^Liture  Dehdjeration  of  the  Gentle- 


men of  our  Own  Service  and  T^Mirs  on  shore.  But  as  a 
Failure  of  such  an  i:^  ;  :  '  •  :  ^  •  se- 
quences, botti  to  the  Sii' ;  -  .  .  '  '  'iV 
of  Carolina,  who  is  chieiiy  In  :  -  ^  ^.r, 
I  hope  your  and  their  prudence  w;l  ,  .  i  i-;  I'l-i'  • ;  ike 
Xothing  but  w;  -  i-  ■  ■  -  ■  '..  '  :s, 
under  the  Circr, ;  .  V  ^  '  ■  .  .  .  r- 
ence  of  our  ■  :  ^  -  -  •  •■in.^-  -  :  v  :  la 
informed  by  lix  :  ■  '  i  31:  i-- 
ketry  from  the  '  .  .  ^  m  ;  ■  ;u  •  he 
Gallies,  makes  the  su-;          '  l  '    '  -  r  ^■u^i-:  -  ^:  .  ire 


Consideration  before  it  is  put  in  Ivv' .  U'ion.  Our  ^hips, 
from  the  a-:-"  ■:  j'  are  >o  K-' lii  :"d  ro  },[( n  that 
they  are  Li:-:._:    o.v  ^urvice  Ship-ui  War  urt-  intended 

for." 

I  am  Sr.,  your  most  Humble  Servant, 

VINCENT  PEARSE. 

In  the  night  the  Campu!)un  Ana^t;iii;i  \v;i<  alarn;'  1  :  :  :n. 
On  the  2i)th  the  Batterie-.  irMi  -ai  An.  -  -,1-1  j-unt 
Quartell.  Kei>t  up  a  lire  upon  ihe  Town  aTi-  ■  :  - ;  A  con- 
ference was  lield  at  C'ol.  \'anderdus>en's  Tent  !i];^.n  the 
Commodore's  Letter  of  the  Day  before,  where  was  Present 
besides  himself,  Lieut.  Col.  C<>ok,Capt,  Warren,  Capt.  Laws, 
an<l  Ca[>t.  Townsht-nd,  wiierein  it  was  a^Te^^d  tiair  the  Gal- 
lies should  "'  A:efl  with  the  ]'  ^-jd  there  was 
water  Enougii  la  theS'  -    \    ;     -:r  :  :;/<•  the  Boats 


to  pass.  Ill  tlio  afternoon  Ca['t.  Warren  went  on  board  the 
Commodore  with  the  Sciid  liesohition,  where  a  Coaneil  of 
War  having  been  held,  the  Commodore  Communicated  the 
Result  thereof  to  CoL  Vanderdiissen  bv  the  foilowincr  Letter : 

FLAMJiOROUCrir,  OFF  THE  Bar  OF  AUGTJSTTXE. 

2()th  June,  1740. 

^SiR  :  Under  the  present  I^nt;'  :  -  '  •  '  ■  h -  .i-jht  imprac- 
ticable to  attack  til           ^  '    uiiich  I  iiave 
acquainted  the  Ge:.            :   .         .  a-.t 
I  am  Sr.,  your  most  Ilumbio  i, 

The  same  day  the             i-^re  lYiail'-  .  i'>r  -^^idn 

Fanshaw  to  Leave  the  'M-^aisa-j  Inlet  au'i  to  Join  him. 

The  General  havii  :.  -       ;          ■]■  ';i  •  '^.t 

Quartell  to  them:V:..  ■  ;    i  "'/^     ;       -  -          _     :  'k' 

fi:3rces  upon  A]  ^.i-'-r' ]y]  -v/        .^-i  ^-aween 

one  and  two  in  th-  ;  ■  u     -  . 

party  sent  dowr^       <  '                  ;,  v..  ,  ■ 

prevent  its  be.;::^  -  -  ;  ■ :  .  .  .;:  L^e 
Lurkinir  on  tiie  ^ii .  :             in  .-.i        t  and  S.Ain ded  between 

^'v.  r..-:;.  ,  ..1  ,        ,  ,       ,  ^  j;,und  4 

-  :  ^1.     i  ."  -  ^,          ^-  :'    ^  r  !] pr^n  tiie  SoiUh 

end  at  i  :';       4.;,         rii-/ liirw-iiiij  :  :  u  ;;nd  Bonibs 

played  as  usual.  CoL  v'anderdussen  iiavirig  Lteceived  this 
morninix  the  Conimndore  s  L^ntf-r  of  thr-  ].»ay  before,  w.-iU 
on  board  to  him  with  Capt.  \\4irrt;n.  ii-  hi'wught  it.  Then 
all  the  Seven  Captiiir:s  of  Iri-  Maje.-'ty's  bhins  were  [)resent 
together.  (].r:-<  u:i-r  -v]  ",v:i^Capr.  F.ii'-b  ^  v  Ju^t  conu'  up 
from  the  M.  i  w  '.:  ■  -  i:d  i4i;it  he       i      .  n  lying  'he 

Musquitoes  a  Large  Slo-"^M.  2  Sriir,, -:.\^.[  -^--r  Lan;i<4itjs. 
These  were  the  sann-  y*; ■  -v.^  i  ''■-^■cv-vr  :v.>i.:  •;-^t. 
Augustine  had  bef.;-  4  r.        j  r- 1 

from  Ha  van  na  wit  i;  l  TIj^'  .4:^  ;  . i4:~t- 

erly,  they  told  Col.  \4inderdussen  tfiai  they  -i.  i  be 
fjbiigeii  to  slip  their  La^  '  ~       i    '  -  'i  him  n.;     ,  ;4L-r 

*  A  pp.  No.  .vs.       t  Apr).  \     -  •.       ^  Aj.     .Xu.  ■  A.p]).  .•: 


79 


assistance.  L'pon  this  the  Colonei  went  Down  and  wrote 
the  ibliou'ing  Letter,  which  he  sent  to  the  Connnodore  ; 

27th  JL^'E,  IT-h). 
Sir:   I  rt'Ceived  H         -our  of  v;.-/  -  -  ^^tant, 
wherein  you  reconiiu  :  • ' I  the  Coi.-.  oi  a.u  ..;tack 

upon  tlie  Giillies  to  th.e  Gentlemen  of  your  service  and  ours 
ashore,  upon  which  we  liad  a  contereiv.;-  ■  T  ir  ,  •-. :  :re 

were  present  CaiJt,  AWirren,  Capt.  h:  ^^-^ ;  :  "       .-^  •!. 

Coh  Cook  and  niyself,  and  it  \  -  .  :'.■■.[ 
attack  the  Gal  lies  with  our  Boats,  provi  ;  .  re  v\\,-  w.;.  it-r 
enouu/:  ■•  ■'  :  ;  — .  '       '    ■     '     ■  -  - 

hltkn.    ,    ...  ■  .  :      ^  :    :  :  .a- 

f-  ':V'\i''->\   :  .   .         ■ .  ■  . ■      ■  :■.    i-j  r-uuiid  at  h;:ll 


ot  y.-::--    :  ■  .     :  -       :'■  :  m   .      ■;.  -  ■ 

Und-V  ti;        .  '       ■  :-   di-jCeht  hiWrj-^/H. 

;  ,     ,  \  .  I  :      V  ^.V     l^J    a.'^  rC.l.il 

that  I  would  never  have  [>ropose'l  a  n  at  lack  upon  (.'i  al- 
lies by  Boats,  and  to  round  under  th:-  '  ■••.-;!<•,  if  tiie  •  h:,^-^ 
had  not  appear<:-d  '!;e  ;in<l  all  other  iM/r-oii-  iha-:  iu.^l  :ai 
opportunity  to  ;  ;  :  ]':  :r  and  situation  of  the  Gaire.-.  to 
be  Practicable  and  aif-ndicd  witii  all  Probal»ility  of  Stievoss, 
and  with  as  Litth^  la.';  av^'  tai-a.:-'  ■;'  naruru  :a--  T 
ble  to.    Howevi-r,  i   '^.-r  L  .  a''  la.;  ^  ^ar  con>i' a  ; 

you  are  now  to  C(jn-"ida]-  the  .Situati'.ai  wa  .-hid!  he  jaii  in 
when  th*:- tiaia  com'],-  a^^'        ^•■^    I  sh;:;'  '     '  a 

upon  a  Laige  Isian'i  d:         '.ati  Larai  .a  a- 

from  all  parts,  if  tliose  ^  r-di--  i_  ^  rd^'ir  pf— --a-n. 
and  l^i^'V  r-^  d  _      'wixt  laa  aod 

the  Geiicral.        <.  d   :.  a.  :a,:-'  a:  -a;--d:ar  a.  a^t 

go  ashore,  and  is  Lhiab.       . .  ■  ..   .ra  '/y  '.--a:,  ax;,    i  . 
not  beijicj  sutiicient  to  defeiiil  both  ends  of  dia  Island.    If  I 


send  niy  <Jraft  Koiiucl  to  the  Mataiisa^:.  wiiit.li  is  the  only 
arid  be.^t place,  1  mii<t  foilow  with  all  my  force.^,  in  order  to 
Defend  myself  and  them,  and  so  Leave  this  side  open  to 
the  Enemy,  and  the  Bar  to  any  Imharkations  either  to  or,  in 
or  OUT,  and  it  .Impossit)le  to  me  toTrans|»ort  the  Artillery, 
which  must  fall  a  prey  to  the  Lnemy.  But  mast  Leave 
this  also  to  your  Consideration.  You  are  too  well  acquainted 
with  the  fatal  consequences  tliat  mu^^t  follow  from  our  being 
Defeated,  upon  the  Province  of  South  (  :i  ^  :  i-e- 

fbre  needless  ibr  jne  to  Repeat,  f  -''-A'  ^'\-'y  .  j  '.\.y  -,iin- 
ioxi  in  Duty  to  my  country  ar  ^  ■.  ..der  m\-  comniand 

who  must  beleft  behind,  if  tlit  '         -  -'  d. 

as  Supposed  Impr;:  1  .        ^  :  - 

tion.     I  should  th ■      ^iv  :    -         ;  i 

(and  you  will  be  a  Ju«.li>*e  wh-.-f K'-r  it  basy  In-  -'Ui  in  E x u- 
tion)  is  that  one  or  both  ot  h--  Mai.-.-*.      • ;         ■ .  ■ .  • 

Lic^hteivd  M-:^  ---r  •     ;    V  .  . 


secure  ' . 
fend  this. 


The  (jenei 


will  Ki^ep  tiii^^i 

them  to  Surr--  -i .  ■ .' 

Loi--.-;  ..XJ:>  •  -  K 

hinder  all  ^  <  hi:  :-;.d 
greattjr  Suj^'iv  <j! 
of  the  neigbourinLi 

I  am  Sr.,  vour  nio^ 


'  r'.'lina  for  a 
'ir-,  (jr  trom  aijv 


ant. 


ALEXANDER  VAXDERDUsSE:s 


This  iiaving  been  considered  by  tla-m  in  Council,  the 
Cor  ■  '  ^  •--  .--i'  -'-d  V.J  foi,  \';i,nderda^-en  the  f  d- 
lowu:_  U-^M.hu^,!- ;     i'  ihc  {;.;iincd  tliat  the 

Men-of-War  Scooi'-  :  i)v  g. ;t  into  the  M'a- 

tansas,  well  maiiUed  and  Aruit-.i,  for  the  Protect i<.)n  •.' 
Forces  Left  on  the  Island    '  ^'     '-:--raria.  i:n<i.  tiii- i-  ail 
the  assistance  Can  be  give;-   ;  r  -  ■■  M.ije-';.'N  ^]-'y-. 

Dated  on  board  his  ^fajesty's  ship  Flan.d  --..'V*  v  :  he 
Bar  of  Augustine,  this  27th  -lune,  174' >. 

X^IXCENT  I'EARSE. 

*  App.  ^"o.  93. 


81 


The  wind  increasing,  Col.  X'anderdiissen  got  into  a  Small 
Boat  and  went  on  Shore,  and  the  Men-oi-"\Var  Slipt  iheir 
Cables  and  Stood  out  to  Sea.  Several  of  the  Volunteers* 
embarked  in  order  to  Return  home.  Tliis  Day t  the  General 
marched  to  Fort  Moosa,  where  he  found  Several  Graves  and 
30  Dead  Bodies  of  his  people,  wlncti  he  Buried  all  nidit. 
Tiie  Vv'ind  Blew  very  hard  at  North  Ea>:t,  v\hich  broaglit 
into  the  Harbour  a  great  Sea  and  drove  up  Several  Bc^d.ts 
ashore  upon  the  Island  a  good  way  above  high  water  niark.t 
But  the  Vessels  all  rid  it  out.  |j  I  acquaiiiLod  you  w  uh  iliC 
taking  the  Island  Anastatia;  the  Scainen  Blocked  the 
Town'; '   -     ^ide:CoL\'~    ■     -  ■     Quariell ; 

and Coi.  A/'uiLxt-r,  wb'b  tb-  b:...  ai id  f"b.'--i':ria 

Rangers,  on  iii-'  :         .    :  "  \       j/v^l  :rs, 

locked  them-clves  uv  i;;e  bort  ai  Muosa  :  bi^-/  x:-:-:-  -  ^:  .it- 
roui':d'-i  ;:^nb  cm  un;  W:..v:  :\\-  I^v^^'j*:  v.-a-  not  .  ^  :iT 

tir.:  b.;  ..i-,- 1.    C.l  b:bb,i,-r  I    ;;^.:b  ;.nb      Ih-iA.  : 
ngbtinc  i.-r.^v-by  i:.v  ^b  ■^■cv\b  h:..'.i'r  '.  -  aid 

SOL"  "        ^   c--:^';:  L'j,:-  c        ^^,.^1        [:   •  .-;-t 

are  tht^  tb\::;.v;:.  -.r-^' ■ .  =    i ' .  ■  ■  i^.b  L  ii- =  Z^^'-lI- 

mand  of  bie  i';>un'.  v-.         ,  ,  „         b'"'nbj<!r:!.iij;  uf 

bjr  T(y/^':i  '  '  Lm:b  -   .  biv      ;.,b  /  ^    -  Saving  tb-rn- 

sbvc,^  ];i   ■i.o  r:.,;,:.    ,  ,    b^:-.:   •         vb  :b-,  I  ^bb. 

gi\.-a^  iiibic^b;;,'  laL.  b, i ^  b.--  i.'c<;i'l  ■■lild 

Soldierly  Honours,  and  Marclierl  to  St.  Augustine,  and  all 
the  Spaniards  bav^^  turnin  b^r-aken  tiie  Country  and  nnired 
into  the  Fort  and  piaee  '  bu'bi  has  been,  and  will  be.  Se- 
verely B:iv  :  'V  our  B«..inbs  and  cannon,  I  give  this 
account  at  Large  that  vou  may  not  be  moved  with  false 
Stories  set  about  b^*  <.'''-  rxv-^:-.  '-vho  run  away. 

i  am  y^j  .r  ...  -.-/vrjiiate  Fri«-iib.  b:c., 

JAMES  bH^;LETHOEPE. 


*  Tliiis  i:  appear?  that  nnorhj;^]  r.:.r*^/  =  -  .j'"-'vrs  embark-!  u^t 
home,  becctu-e  the  departure  of -h?  r..  -  •  .;  '\  s  r'^-noliisLve  :  h  .j.  the 
object  iV;r  which  tiiey  (^ame,  v-/  ;     j  r  iL^  attempt  r  •  ^:ea 

.  h  -.    -h  t  Aip.  No  -V 

,,  ■•  1  acquitiiiied  "  seems  to  be  the  be^imnir^  oi'a,  lel't^r — but  to.  whom 
<ioes  not  appear. 
6 


He  vvroie  also  to  the  Magistrates  and  Baiiitfs  ol"  Fiedoricci 
thus  :  *0n  tiie  2bLii  the  General  having  advanced  some  dis- 
tance towards  St.  Augustine,  ^Yhere  he  Pitched  his  Camp 
in  the  middle  of  a  marsh  on  the  side  of  St.  James  Kiver, 
Sent  his  aid  de  camp  over  to  Anastatia  to  Col.  Vanderdussen 
to  know  tlie  Reason  why  the  Gallies  had  not  been  attacked, 
as  agreed  on.  Tlie  Colonel,  by  Letter,  acquainted  the  Gen.-  ' 
eral  with  everything  that  had  passed  Relating  thereto,  jind 
added,  They  (the  men-of-war)  are  now  out  at  Sea.  I  am  in 
great  Hopes  if  they  should  stay  out  a  few  Days  to  make  an 
attempt  upon  tlie  (.Tallies  with  the  assistance  of  their  men 
which  they  had  Left  ashore.  Mr.  s  •  -v:.  who  was  .Lor. 
the  command  of  then:,  -t^r  rn-  -iv-.r  i--.  :xri<\  I  hope 

therefore,  to  make  thi  :  ■  Return 

of  the  Ships,  and  for  that        •  ire  you  ^v'i::. 

Boat  as  soon  a-  ['•  --:'■'.  '      r  r  ■.  [>ririci]''  . 

that  affair,  th-: :  -  •  -  .-rij  i:.         ^  .,j 

them  into  it  I  shall  aeqii;: 
is  to  be  put  ii:  '-^ 

to  obey  anv  1,  ^ .:.:.v;r  :  :  !.^::e..  :!^;U'.:y,  -ur 

Excellency's  most  Humb;  •■;it, 

ALEXAXDER  VAXDERDT : :X. 

,  But  when  the  Colniei     ^:  ri;.-  -aine  to  Li^ 

Swanton  he  ^'-r\-  '  b        bini  thai  lie  had  or  '  ■  ■  > 

Venture  any  of  the  Seaiiitxi  tiU         :N  curn  of  :;: 
On  the  29th  there  was  a  K^-:^pL•^:^^:l  beiwceu  ^ 

teries  and  Ca.-tle.  The  i>oats  which  had  been,  drov-  ■ 
and  damaged,  v.- ere  got  -fi  ag;;]n.  :CoL  \^aJiderduss-i:  :.. liv- 
ing been  to  the  S  ;  •  ^ -  : '  iij  '  lound  a  line 
Bluff,  opposite  to  I:..,  ...  ,1.  ■  :^  -  >tian  ( whicii 
Runs  up  to  the  back  of  St.  Aug .  with  a  Ih 'USe  and 
Plantatioi:  tliere-v,,  wh-v-,  '  r  r^om  the 
(.Tallies  kepi  waX'.-Ii  at  night.,  \r--iit  a^.,i.-.v  -.nvrc  ju  ■  uo  after- 
noon with  Lieut.  CoL  Cook,  both  aorreeina:  that  this  was  a 


App.  jscKo').  t  App,  No.  9o. 

i  Col.  Vanderdii.-i.-ien's  plan  auain  too  venturesome. 
!!  App.  No.  96. 


83 


proper  place  for  a  Battery,  to  keei)  the  Gallies  ur  any  other 
vessel  from  going  in  or  out,  and  also  to  hinder  tlie  Gallies 
from  going  up  the  Iliver  St.  Sebastian,  bv  -which  means 
they  would  not  be  able  to  get  away  from  our  Cannon.  Tliey 
Resolved,  if  the  Men-of-War  should  not  Return,  to  ^Make  a 
Battery  there  as  Soon  as  Possible,  which  would  answer  the 
end  proposed,  by  having  the  two  Men-of-AVar  Sloops  Sent 
in  yv-iriiin  the  Matansas.  On  the  30th  there  was  a  Reci|>rocai 
Mre  again  between  the  Bn-  ■  ■  ■  ■  !  ^he  Castle.  The  Boats 
were  Repaired.    A  New  .      .ium  belonging  to  Col. 

v'anderdussen's  own  Company  Deserted  and  went  over  to 
thv  :  ::-rds.  The  '  ■  '..  '^d  wrote  *'  ■  L.  -  i- to 
oui  -Li.  ..u.  Governour  ; 

Camp  befobk  St.  Augt-stin'e,  ''^'ih  .ju?U',  1740, 

Sir  :  I  h..v^-  vered  Moo;-.;.,"  ■  '  •U-u^]  n  "i  ^h',v- 
th^^  S.,         i,:'  luto  St.  AnsTUstlne.     I  vi:--  v^n  ■ 

Ik.:'.  '  -  -   ■        '         ..  . 

a^^•'-  ...  ,    i  ■  : 

Cfi-c:-:-,  ^;,:V-  !     { j  r  U:- ,  iili         Hi       :  :     '    ■■  : :  :  .-■■^i. 

down.    Movk^  art-  ■  vvevv  ]  ';•;■  m  i 

I  am  Sr..  y^.M;r  m^.^ri  ubeui^-nr  Ilun:'  '  r'-:Pu. 

JA\ihS  V-    ..  .  .  ;:?  :4-FE. 

Thi-  L.  .i^-ral  wrote  also  to  Col.  Vai.-Icrdii-ScQ  the  kA'^r^- 
ing  Letier  ; 

C'A^vrp  BEFOKE  St.  Augustine,  oOth  June,  1740. 

you    L'ci->:  "4  F.i.i^;,;;.  ueLl-l  die 

DifficuUir,-  the  ordv  .j<^f-  I  have  to  pr'U'ido  i:F"-^-:t 

and  Diego  "f  - ..i 

before  you  c^iuc      a;/.     ii  v^-,:  ii--4;.;.„  '  v  ' 

pray  Send  me  Back  that  Boat.  I  desire  al-  :  >  ,,  ,  ,4 
send  me  the  Inrda-i  presents,  with  power  to«4-;r;  o.o.  d^-m, 
for  much  Depends  upon  the  ;  '  ■  ■  '  ^  '■  '  l.ook 
to  give  you  all  thu  Asd^tan<  :^  Diosent 

Thi<  <^oms  an  eruuty  ....  ..  :         ,  -    -.li  ..■-.tves 

and  dead  bodies  at  Moosa,    S-^e  p.  M. 
t  App.  No. 


juncture.  Pray,  trive  me  your  advice  what  you  think  are 
the  best  measures  if  you  attack  the  Gallies  at  all,  or  if  you 
do  not  Succeed. 

I  am  Sr.,  vour  ^lost  Humble  Servant, 

JAMES  OGLETHORPE. 

On  the  L-^t  July,  in  this  Situation  of  affairs,  ''Capt.  Wright, 
of  tlie  Volunteers,  Seeing  no  prospect  of  anythir.g  being 
attempted,  having  Received  atlv ;  1-  *V"*:'.  M  tuc  that  the 
negroes  were  Like  to  make  an  -h;;r  b----:-.  M<ai,  and  rind- 
ing himself,  as  well  as  manv  hi-  '  Reduced  to  a 
bad  State  of  Health  by  v^u-  b:wi:;^-s  ot  tiie  water  on  tiie 
Island  (which  ■ ^  ^'H'; Ki'^-;  5  ■;  .t -, 
Camp.)  iirsi  w.,. ■  l^.;. 

him  with  his  Intentions,  and  thtr-n  ]',r.;bai-:-::  •  •     i  i ":  : 
with  the  rest    f  ib^^     x.h   :;■  .     ■  ■:  ^  -      ■  ■      rh;!:  mjU 

Chose  to  ^'.iv       ]    ,    ;        :     ./    .    ■ :  ;  ^  -  \----^ 

peara::-         \  .  .    '  ■ 

th:/:  '  '       .  . : ■'.■■^i'   \  .;nd.    'i  he  i>v!  ii- -I'lv'^  aii  i 

kf-:        ■:    .   ■         ^  ■  M  ' 

cai... .  .        ^      .  -    .......  ^  .         .  .       v-,-:/^         ;-,  :  . 

the  Island.t    In  the  Evening  Col.  \'iinderdu-.-v.-r:  R  •<  ' 
Advice  from  i\  '        ■  an  Rh-rd  Cir-  :'.  i  ,    ;     ^-n  - 

Cowkee^^f^\\ i         -i.")Cr--jk  jU'Jiui;-,  ^  ^\ 

him  tL:.,  •  a!';.'!!  rl;  y-  wav  in.-  •: 

On  the  2nd  all  the  Men-of-\\';:i  '       :  \\  ^-.  v::--  \  ^a:  i:. 
(except  Sr.  Yelvero:.ii  Pevton,  in  ;:h;-  \\j-a-j\,      ^  • 
Best  of  his  way  for  Mrgiaia,  though  he  had  i . .  i-     t  -  .  ■ 
Crew  of  hands  ashore,  and  0  (ndde  and  anchor  at  >; 
Commodore  '  o  Lilian'::    a:  i  "^Colf  \\a. 

Pilo!.  to  .:Hun:  ::,v  ...r  .^f  Ha-  n.ian:--^.  At  ;h.^ir  r.:  :.:  a 
Can.n.::  ^  i  Wiir  was  b.':'ld.  wahn'^rn:  rh'»-a  Pii^at-  [■cing  R:vani- 
ined  upon  oath,      ^  :  r!.-ri;  aai^        Water  h:  •    J  ■ 

upon  :■---  \^  .  ■  .  \  '  aa'  in,  and  ;i  :;  -v  r  a.  ■  ...  ^ 
in  th:-  ,  ..  ,..-an  a  HnrnaanL   ^  L:na  :,, 

a-  a'  '  -      ■  ^   :a        :     ^'  ,      '^ue  abna-t  iii  <  a-^-  r!.-\-  -a- 

*  App.  'Sos,  42  and  28.  -I-      a  ^'iO. 

J  App.  No.  25.  :|  App.  a  a,  IGL 


85 


attacked  l\v  tlie  Gal  lies.  Then  the  Commodore  a«sked  Mr. 
BhiijQprield  ikirradal,  Lieut,  of  the  Wolf  Sloop  ( vrho  had 
been  along  with  the  Pilots),  what  he  had  to  say  in  that 
ailair.  He  replied  that  ihe  Pilots  had  given  their  opinion, 
and  that  he  was  not  there  to  be  Examine'!,  I  ■  ^he 
Court  asked  his  opinion  he  would  give  it.  i  i.c  v.  -.  .<i  ;  de- 
sired he  would  give  his  opinion.  Then  he  Declared  that 
there  was  not  only  Water  enough  upon  the  Bar  for  those 
Sloops  to  2-0  in,  But  that  they  ■  /  ■  rpaite  Safe  when  they 
were  in,  and  that  there  was  K  ..iiough  for  3  of  them  to 
fight  Abreast  in  Case  they' should  be  attacked.  The  Pilot 
objecting  to  their  Lying,  he  asked  theui  whether  xh-y  re- 
me';:''         hnvr-         -rii:'b  _i-    :  :v  v,-r.v/- 

Til:-     .        .  :  ,  ,  ,  •  .'. 

thev  could  lie  safe  irom  a  Hurricane  under  that  Kiaud. 

Ho--;-..;    ■'  -  -^nnu-in-  ^  : 

dussen  : 

FLAMBOROrGH,  OFF  THE  Ba}'.  OF  AuGrSTINE. 

2nd  July.  1740. 

Sir  :  According  to  the  Resolutions  Ol  the  Council  War 
which  I  gave  Col.  Vai:i<k-r'.I;.isseii  ui-'l-.-v  rny  hand  of  ye  27rh 
June  Last,  to  get  the  tvro  Mi-n-of- W.-i r  .■:\r.>  >ii<  over  tiie  Bar 
of  Matan-a?,  I  sent  tlie  Phoenix  and  'WiAi'  Sloop  to  suund 
the  -^aiaie.  a:i<  i  ■  i  i- n  Caea  re"  r e    :ha  /aie  -a^  \:  <^fthe 

Pilots  wno  soui..^;-.-_.  :aat  Bar  "\ahea-iii  y  _  ,L  e  .il  ^e.r-  a^  Im- 
practicable to  put  in  Execution.  Tne  otii  of  July  is  ie.-i..r  at 
hand.  I  shall,  therefore,  be  oMiu- d.  in  a  Day  or  two,  to 
Inibark  ti)e  Seamen,  an*]  am  Sr.,  eVc, 

VIXCEXT  PEABSE. 

Col.  \'iinderdussen,  upon  the  Receipt  of  this,  wrote  the 
f(;llowing  Lcuer  to  the  General: 

Camp  upon  Axastatia,  2nd  July,  1740. 

'     ^         ■  •  Last  Ke.--'a  ^  a  --^ 

aa.   .      .     .      ■     a   thr;  Flaui  ■  • 


the  Counci 


founded  upon  the  Report  made  to  tliem  by  iiie  Pilots,  wlio 
went  to  Sound  the  Matansa-  •  Report  makes  it  Imprac- 
ticable to  carry  in  those  Mi;,  .i  .  ar  vSloops  proposed  ;  and 
another  part  of  the  Resolution  is  to  take  on  board  all  the 
Men  and  in  two  days  to  Sail  from  Hence,  ■A'hich  part  of  the 
Resolution,  if  put  in  Praclire.  will  put  it  out  of  our  power 
to  go  on  with  the  Siege,  it  j'.'Or  Inking  in  my  power  to  main- 
tain this  Island  ;  nor  can  I  get  my  Men  orf  If  I  was  ordered, 
and  in  particular  the  Guns  an  '  ■  • "• '.  '  ' 
my  opinion  there  is  no  way  to  ..  uu;;,,.-  .  i: 

by  Leaving  th"-  Matansas  and  tlris  i-  vhich  [  think 

won.:.;  ;  .        _   ;  ,  ' '.            '^    •  ,  ■  '.'-e  is  C-.-id 

theCa:  _..  .    -        ■         .  ^     :    ']:'■  ^a::  y_,..c  into  rh-:-  Ma- 

tan-a--.            m.^k-:  •;  L;;::[^/v  uno;i  tli,,'  River  St.  Svv --^-..n 

(which  I  nienti^'^-  '  ;      :                ■  ■■^^^          ■  .^11 

keep  thd-  Ga]'-  ■  ^                     ■  _  -  .  -h- 

war'i    v      -.,  --  -h'-  :  ■      '  '         ^■C).^  ^  v^.^'ds 

the  Bar.     >o  tha^  •.-     ■  '    .•   I"  ■  '  .  up  in  a  phice 

where  tin;  --  ^";n:  -    .     '  !      "     -/A  communication 

fi'om  tl- .  ^    :^  G.  ; ,  .  ,1    /  ,  nnmy  power  wirh- 

out  a----'  iii 1  won  hi  advise  application  to  be  made  to  the 

Con;  :     '     .  .  "■     -  ■  v-ni  to  be  GcG  ;;-hore  with  piTiper 

ofii:  „  ,  .     :  tii^y  ^\onl'i  maintain  one  of 

the  I'  ^       -   tn:  :h;r  LI'irriL-ane  months  be  over,  and  we 
have  the  Shii'--  Return,     (apt.  Town.-hvi-d  told  me  he  was 
^"i''^':e  ^  -     'r-  \i  Lh^■  G>^nnnodore  would  ^j;ive  him  Leuve  to 
......  ;  .    ->Gn..  ii      :'t  heinnd.    lies  a  young  telL-w  of 

Spirit  and  I  am  sure,  by  what  I  have  Sf  t;n  >ince  he  has  been 
ashore.  G      ' .:■  will  not  i>e  Backward  in  anything  where 
glory  ui;.. .  ;.. ..-  iicjuired.     [  elc  -ire  that  you  will  proj'OS'-  dus 

to  the  Gommod'-re.  .  e  v  nieanriTue  IGmain  your  Ex-, 
cellency's  most  Humble  Servant, 

ALEX.  \'AXI)ERDUS>EX. 

The  General  thereupon  going  over  to  Ar-istatia  fron-i  the 
main,  sent  the  tollov/iog  Letter  to  the  Gommodore: 


87 


Camp  tpon  Anastatia,  2nd  July,  1740. 

Sir  ;  *By  Report  of  the  otlicers  of  the  Land  forces  under 
my  Comii[:iand,  who  I  have  spoke  to,  I  hud  by  Colonel  Van- 
derdussen  that,  notwithstanding  the  Disappointment  of  the 
Sloops  of  theMen-of-War  not  being  able  to  be  Carried  into 
the  Matanzas,  lie  with  the  Forces  un-ler  bis  Comn.  -11 
undertake!  to  make  a  Battery,  on  the  Bbasf.  undtr  m^i  L'jin- 
mand,  of  the  River  St.  Sebastian,  whicli  will  k-ep  the  Gal- 
lies  from  moving  further  to  the  Southward.  An<I  the 
Battery  upon  the  Beach  will  prevent  them  from  going 
towards  the  Bar.  wh'cb  will  Block  them  up  so  as  to  be  of 
no  use.  Bui  ]\>:  cu..  -  '  •>:q  of  I  lie  Batteries  only,  and 
cannot  do  this  unless  I  keep  tho  ^biin  at  id  C  •  :  '  ..te 
with  him  from  the  South.  lie  thorvib]  c>  desires  ur-  'y 
to  the  Commodore  for  200  Men  Tb:u  y^V'-  l  ore  ; lo 
the  Fleet,  to  be  left  ashore,  wit.  :  «      ri-  ■  .\d 

^'    '  "       1     ■      ■  r    '  '  _        ■      _     ■  -■  ]\r:  Batteriv  •   .  .:i8 

assistance,  and  that  one  of  the  M  f-W'ar  may  R  . at 
Frederica.  H  -A^  .l  -  ■  A-':/  the  OjUjum 
of  this  Island,  liic  next  rhiug  -  ;  :  iio  Artillerv  and 

the  Troops.     Bv  this  Day's  R-a  a.,  .  :     .:Js  of  o^)  -■■l-:x  are 
'.;.a""''.  ]     ■'-•;:;Vi.'t  of  niv  R'J:zli.l^':^a,  and  o'hers  do 
not  rare  betr-r.    J?      .■ ,  -  :A--:-;Tance  to  ca^ry 

off  the  Artillery.     if  >  .ia;  -       .1  would,  with  the 

Land  forces  and  In  l;a:i>,  ]<■..:■■  =  ..  in  and  the  Town 

blockaded  till  I  liear  wh,-  :^':;.nlic-  iiiiu'U  [»rob;iblv  c>a;ie. 
But  sicknes-  .n  r  :.-'  ns,  Succours  throwr'  into  the  pdace  by 
the  Infjrni;  ••  --nt  me  from'  Cai'C.  Fanshaw,  and  be- 

sides, tl.;^"  -  ;ov-  triiuk  it  ;Leces-a.ry  to  Lay 

before  you  whut  ih-y  may  ..i,.>  A  the^  .-ho'dd  follow  and  fall 
upon  St.  Anch-e'-,-;-,  Fr..- b-ri-a  and  all  the  SetthmeiUs  of  Car- 


^  Ap]).  No.  li)4. 

^  ,  Here  on  the  word  of  Gen.  O^rlethorpe  himself  we  lind  that,  so  fax- 
from  exhibiting  impatience.  Col.  Vanfit?rdu.>«en  oontinae.s  t<>  suggest 
plans  to  be  executed  by  h:  -  nd  his*  eoDiToaijd,  looking  to  per^e' 
verance  until  the  ."jliins       .  .  n. 


88 


olina,  are  '^Eno^aged  here,  of  Georgia  and  the  Strengtii  ol 
Carolina  are  Eii.e;aged  here.  1  desire,  therefore,  that  you 
will  think  of  protecting  St.  John's  River,  or  at  least  Frede- 
rica,  where  Ships  may  come  into  Jekyll  Sound,  anil  t.ike 
such  other  measures  as  may  be  proper  to  protect  and  pre- 
serve the  Artillery  and  the  Sea  Coasts. 
I  am  Sr.,  vtc, 

JA:MES  OGLETHORPE. 

Few  Gun^  fired  this  Day,  an^^  -  l>v  the  Enemy.  On 
the  3d  tCol.  Vanderdussen  havii-:;  -ed  Infornuuion 

in  the  Night  that  one  of  tliH  S;      -  ^  .  ■ 

through  the  Matansas.  :-r  :  ,  1 

with  the -Company  of  'ors  to  tl'f'-  y^an'  --  ■  'Ti 

the  Island  and  the  Main.    Ai  Day  or.-; 
he  discovered  3  Launcho-  ai-^  a        ;  .  - 
Masthead,  lying  just  bv  .    - ^ 

them.  But  the  GaH  •  ir 
Protection,  and  oblig^^M  •     i;:;ir:.     i^ii:  C":  . 

sent  the  General  the  \'')^^'>;\'r:'i'j:  aiis'.\ to  his  Lery-  •  "  ' 
day  before,  with  t'-:  li-:.-  I':     :i  ^  : 1.'.;„:;:m!  ot  War 

FlAMBO ROUGH,  OFF  THE  BaK  St.  AuGUSTI::t: , 

3rd  July,  .  r  r'  . 

Sir:  tl  had  the  favour  of  yours  last  night  by  Capt.  War- 
ren: this  n>  ~  '  i  called  a  Council  of  War  upon  it.  The 
Result  of  1.  I  liere  Inclo:-e  to  ^ow.  ^'vi  agrt-^^^i" -  "  ■  it 
shall,  to-morrow  Morning,  emi^ark  tliC  rirnmaxi  .a.  ]  -  .il 
according  to  the  Former  Resolution  of  the  Council  of  'ar. 
I  shall,  accord!  •■  '  '  •'-'.order  one-       rhf  M  of- 

War  into  JekyL  x  .'.lu  sorry  tliat  i;,.:  c-u.^gu  >  .  die 

year  will  not  permit  my  Longer  stav.  I  heartily  v^'i-h  you 
success,  and  am  Sr.,  &c., 

VT^^CEXT  PEARSE. 


^  There  13  scrae  ob^sjiiric      ;•  _      .  i       -iy  it  ><ho';l.i  be 

while  Geor;ji;ia  and  the  :^treni:'':  :  ;  :^.ro  ^  u  here.'' 

T  App.  No,  h.'5.  ,  --"i^PP' 


81) 

*At  a  Council  of  War  held  on  board  his  Majesty's  Ship 
Fiamijorough,  off  the  Bar  of  Augustine,  3rd  •luly,  1740 — 
Present,  Capt.  \"incent  Pearse,  Capt.  Warren,  Capt.  Charles 
Fanshaw,  Hono'ble  Capt.  Geo.  Towusliend,  Cant.  Vv'illiara 
Laws,  Capt.  William  Dandridge.:  General  Oglethorpe  hav- 
ing applied  to  me,  by  his  Letter  of  the  2d  instant,  to  L'.^ave 
on  Shore  200  Seamen  belonging  to  his  Majesty's  Ships  here, 
to  man  one  of  the  f3atteries  on  thel-land  of  St.  Eustatia,  the 
same  was  taken  into  Gon-'  m  ^■r^^::  •:  I  the  Council  are 
unanimously  of  opinion  th  'ild  not  be  Com- 

plied with,  for  the  follovv-ing  ;    ist.  Th.'d  the  Com- 

pani.^  „^        -  ^     '  .;      ■     '\  ^■        -„        '   '  - 

the  r ^  :  ;          i  . 

over  F:' i : •       .    -  ■    ualv  ;ind  v.- ■ ,  •  if 

ihi  -Iyq  Sum:   \    .       .  ,       : wil- 

der o.-..    ^  -  •      .  :  .    "^-^  -ae 

time  is  so  :'■ .  ''^  -      -       ,  . 

Reduce  ^  ■■;  -  •ut 

Quantity     pi\.;vii.uii- ■  w  ' 
Srdly.    That  there  are  n^.^      ^  -  ^       ■      i;    <  :  -.aii- 

cient  to  v'i^  ,^  .  -'k.  r;::  :  /■-r  -  ':  ■  '  ,  D^Jier  \v:iv  of 
being  Suppit  -d  v::;:  ^  [  -'^■■-^  r-;^  v  n::;-:  pi;ri-li  ^vi;^'.  '-•.-k- 
ness  in  H^'.ir'  ~  -  -iv^Jng 'mi.  i(.r  \va;.:  of 

Cloaths  an<.i  :.l.--v- -  a  I  if  h--  Aiu;  :-r\''~,  Sor^'ic- 

be  thought  to^^"'      :     >v-  ^y.  :  i/-  ''"''^g  F-:'  on 

Shore,  it  is  the  iiuii.^U:  i/  --r  ;  "  :y  ^.'Ulr^r  p;^  --'-ar  'lai 
a  Proper  Enquiry  *  ./  -'^r  iIk;  Faiiir  h  •••  .  ud 

that  the  Person  or      -on-  v;^-  'int  d.-iie  ihoii   ]  '..rv. 

or  deceived  others.  ■  ^  ;i         —  .       ;  ■  =  ■  j  ;■:  ■  l  i;.  -  •  •  - 

merits.    It  h-^iivi  f . :^  ^ '_F_  •  ii  i  iK-'.  Ill 

his  said  r.  Uv.j.  1     y.-l-i  i^V'^iq^::  Sr.  .]iA,i\'<  Fu'er.  --r  at 

least  Fr.-l  -;-'- -i^  wh^-T'^- . iiii.>  .a-kvli  d, 
and  take  sucii  -  ' 

Artillery  and        ^  ^     .  >  V;.- 

side ration,  the  Council  are  of  •: :  \'  if  vr*/  co!ild  pro- 

tect the  '  \v  -     FF'  k..M;F;Fi-;-L', '/-F  : 

all  the  Ai.v:.-.        ui  vp.i::-.;  v-:-  ■  p  --:;iv  .lo,  n..::. 

*  App.  No.  ior>. 


00 


appear  by  the  Resolutions  of  the  Council  of  War  the  oth 
June  la^t ;  as  to  protecting  St.  John  s  River,  we  cannot  Con- 
ceive how  the  General  can  suppose  it  to  be  done,  Since  he 
knows  b}'  Commodore  Fearse's  Letter  of  the  27th  May  Last, 
that  it  is  Impi-acticable  for  a  ship  or  sloop  of  Vv'ar  to  2;o  in 
and  come  out  again.    Signed  by  the  otiicers  : 

VINCENT  PEARSE.     ^    GEO.  TOWNSHEND. 

PETER  WARREN.  WILL'M  LAWS. 

CHAS.  FANSHAW.  WILLAI  DANDRIDGE. 

^The  General  Returned  late  at  night  to  his  ow!\  Camp 
upon  the  main.  On  the  4th  tb.e  Sf-ATr..r/;  were  orders- on 
board  their  Ships  ;  part  of  then-;  i.  The 

sent  over  to  Anastatia,  hy-  r!,;j  I:-.-;  ..  "  •  ■'  .-j;  orders.. 

Directed  to  Col.  Vanderdussen  and  Lieut,  ^oi.    ook  : 

Sirs  :    I  send  ; 
you  can't  make   ^  ■  .  '  . 
them,  to  assist  you  in 
served  must  be  Des: . 
You  may  either  seij'i 
you  think  proper. 

Take  what  provision^  you  think  til  out  of  Logie's  New 
Sloop,  that  she  n:.-y  go  over  the  Bar  to  St.  .John's  Riv^r. 
Supply  the  Sick  with  Provisions  from  her  or  anv  other. 

JA^^IES  OGLETHORP]-:. 

Col.  Vanderdussen,  upon  the  Perusal  of  this,  sent  the 
following  Letter  to  the  General : 

Camp  upon  Ana-tatia,  4th  July,  1740. 
tCol.  Cook  Shewoil  me  a  small  pnv^or.  '.\-heri.  iu  your  Excel- 
lency desired  him  and  me,  if  wo        :  ,         i,  — ;-tance  from 
the  Men-jf^W:.r.  aiid  could  u^r  ia\::g       .  a  : ;ie  .A  - 'a'' -  / 
to  De-rr^.o'      ■  Ucnuiinder  of  tluau.    As  to  tbo  Arra.:      .  .5 


t  ThiJi  pa?.s;ige  ii?  not  clear— but  is '^nbstantially  expiained  by  en?i:iriir 
letter  from  Coi.  Vanderdus-sen. 
;App.  No.  108. 


JAMES  OGLETHORPE. 


01 


Col  Cook  ]ui.s  the  Charge  of  them,  I  shall  Leave  that  iii- 
tireiy  to  him,  and  give  liini  what  ai:Tistance  I  can.  You 
Desire  us  to  preserve  the  Men  and  Craft,  and  to  send  iheni 
to  St.  John's,  or  elsewhere,  wliich  will  not  be  so  Easily  done, 
for  we  cannot  put  our  Men  >  -  !  •  '  •  ■  ^  lers,  they 
not  being  able  to  get  out  at  j  .  ..i  -^j  be  sup- 

posed but  that  when  the  Gallies  see  us  moving,  they  will 
pursue  and  destroy  some  of  our  The  oniy  "v;r,-  that 

I  know  (if  it  must  be  done;.     '  ^  -  r:  r<T:  i 

tell,  and  as  that  must  be  doi  i        ■    :  -  : 

Sufficient  Number  of  iherii,  for  you  hr  \-  ;        I  :  i:  ; 
Boar  -  .     '        ■^-T;-      -  ■     ^e  I>J 

not .  .4  ^  : :  -     .  . 

in  such     :  .   '  '  - 

sure,  if  voiir  •   V;:.  ~  ^'V\.-r      rj.ii-  I^lariL 

StiQ  k----^  r^:,-.-:,    ;  J  v.  ,  ;  .    :,,-,,v  ; 

If   W,       .  ., 

kept  in,  -y.-^-'i  ■     ■  -  ^  -  ■  -.'ties  wit' 


e  our  atioirs 
done,  I  am 


Oral:  .        •  e:--,  e      ^- .^^ 

more  F:  e-  ;:  ^  -'e -Tiuli.  i 

sion.  Your  iT,-:e:^ -;:y  ; nir.  v^>a  wt." ^  e'T'^; 

sure     V  ;    I;v-h\  }•  t  ".v  -.^     j  —  ;       ...  - 

the  Men-of-W'ar.  Yoiiv 
giviiv:-  ^■.-T:ve^::  on 

be  Sent  by,  I  think  it  mv  Du^ 

think  may  .  :  ^'  :  rh-  Lasr  Exivv-yii.  But  nr  ''f' 
that  to  your  ;:...v>  -iipv:'!  i-ir    :;' x  ^-ut.  and  v..-:':y.  le 

desire  to  hiive  i''_/-irive  '^rdri-  U-.;;,,  .  ■  .•jj^c^'Ueite v  •i.-.^^"  i 
am  to  Act,  and  shall  tiikt-  care  to  put  them  in  ExecUh-.-n  10 
the  uujiost  of  my  ^  ■  xe  iii  ttu;  Meantime  K^^rx.iin 

Your  Kxoellencv's  \''  -  Se;-v[L!ii:, 


y  v;in  Excuse 

o  the  iTuvino,;  I  i.-r-  ■he  li 
MTipr  anvrhiii 


lYDIxU 


self — ann  from  tiie  "  tnrbs;;. 
cheer  an;]  em-'juragement.  .  , 
'hau    I"  ^eave  our  affairs''  \ji 


92 


In  answer  to  this  trie  General  wrote  back  to  Col.  Viiiider- 
dussen  tlius  : 

Camp  before  St.  Augustine,  4th  July.  1740. 

Sir:  I  thank  you  tor  giving  your  opinion,  and  your 
advice  vv'ill  always  have  a  great  weight  witii  me.  But  the 
following  Reasons  Show  the  Necessity  of  Raising  the 
Blockade  from  the  Island  and  not  losing  all  the  Men  there. 
Whilst  they  are  preserved  we  may  keep  the  Spaniards  within 
Bounds,  but  if  they  are  Lost,  the  Damage  to  the  Province 
of  Carolina  will  be  very  great.  l>z.  ']'■■)  Block  ar>  St.  Au- 
gustine, '  -  ■ ^  -  '  "  '  '  '  --e 
2nd  on  t,-.  ;-.k.:.  ....;  .  .  _  .g 
that  Island  will  not  BL)ck  tl,  ■  ■ ,  ;: : .is 
by  the  Succours,  which  came  Xewiv  ivom  the  Havanna  in 
Sloops  and  La;: T..^--.  .^-i-..-  ^^^^  ;ve 
could  not  Block  :  -f 
the  ^len-of-War.  n.  .  ■■U.  It  ih :  '■■  '^rs 
come  out  a:-  ■  -  :  '  ,  - '  ^  :  n 
the  Island  arc  :  >^  >  :  '  :  :  v  ::- 
lery  will  be  greater  :':  :  -  .  .  r'. 
Augustine.  I  am  no  .;aa^r-  Ti:e  '-r^-:'.  nor  wliei iier  thrM^rift 
can  go  into  the  ^h;rri:-;;-.  Jkn  i'  ■  '  , 
that  can  :j:>:^  into  rh-  'r,,:  ,.  li.ay  (V)-:,  ,  .  .  _  j:-^ 
is  Less  i  ■-'(  tiveir  at  racking  our  Craft  whilst  the  M-n- 
of-War  are  in  Sight,  and  Sui:ponrti  by  your  Schooner  and 
Logie's  Sloop.  I  thereiore  prater  the  Saving  the  Men.  and 
also  the  Artillery,  if  Possible.  The  mortars  are  the  tirst, 
thereiore,  to  be  Carried  otf,  The  Cannon  and  all  the  warlike 
Stores.  Nothing  Should  be  -  ••]  l^ut  u'h at  can't  be 
Carried  otf  with  Safety  to  rh-  ^.-^n  ^:'vah<  leinir  s^nt 
otf,  I  approve  of  yonr  p'  .r  ^  :  :r  ;*  ■■•t  CnPt  Urr-r- 
tell,  and  thence  to  join  me.  \Ve  will  |4a  '  '  '  le 
upon  them, and  do  n"t  Do-ubt  to  restrain  tk=-;  -h  '. .■> v- 
rison,  keeping  them  in  oial  till  the  Craft  is  Sr:'-  and  will 
assist  and  Sup|»ort  you  to  the  Last  Man,  Y^  ^l  ■  -  r:  1  *  'ie 
Craft  under  the  Convoy  of  the  Men-of-War,  if  - 
for  tiiem,  to  Frederica  or  Charlestown.     Thv       r  i 


Logie  should  2:0  into  St.  Johu's  and  detWid  that.  This  is 
my  Disposition,  ^vhich  I  only  nieiitioii  as  advice  to  be 
judged  of  as  you  find  necessary  ;  But  what  follows  are  orders. 


ORDERS. 

Lieut.  Col.  Cook  and  Col.  Wmderdussen  to  Raise  the 
Blockade irom  the  Island  of -Anastatia,  and  :  ' 
Train  and  Troops,  with  the  Leri-t  L;---  v  .         •  ^r. 

But  to  Spoil  Rather  than  Iea\-c  thv  At-;;  :i  i->     .  U 

he  your  authority  for  so  doing. 

^  JAMES  OGLETHORPE. 

^Oli  "-h  tl;e  -  .  :  '.-v.  thv  1 ^  L 

and  carried  aboard  .      Ti:    ■  y,  n 

were  paid,  by  the  (t^  ^  .  ,  ^  .  ,  A  ..j.^:  Ihi-  ::i 
for  LandincT  -uid  eiviji';'  :[,''^y    —  k:  MuuntiMU  Aj:' 

Artillery,    i  '  l  ' '     •  ^ ■    ■  ^  -■-rii  wk;-  ■ :   ■  uru^:;-     ,  y 

had  Landtd  ii^-ui-  >-^u:iA:.A        -     .  .  \  irA:-;- 
were  permitted  only  i<*  'Aiiw  .-u  :  ^  ™  Ik,:^^  '^'H  j-c;.;';-  r< 
from  the  Lower  Barh-ry,  nearest  to  the  j-antiin-.  of 
which  they  :  ■  [i:,.;!t  :ikni;,-f  it.  one  (>f  tht^  k'arolnia  v^os- 

sels,  and  th^'^  rhev  dropi  :it  ;.)w       •:•.]•  iVfark.  aiul  5 

Eighteer:  ■  •■ -.^n^:;  rs  more  la}  -y,  jo,l  ^  .:  ;.ich  they  Lud 
Lano^  V  It  -v^-i'i-  never  Ah*ui;tea.  About  10  in  the  lore- 
noon,  the  Oenerai  niovnig  out  of  his  lamp  towards  St.  Au- 
gustine, a  Body  of  about  oOU  Horse  and  foot  came  our  to 
Meet  hinu  But  upon  his  auv;  .  '  ...  and  a  Shell  ing 
thrown  at  the  same  time  from  I'oiiit  a  art  ell,  they  uiMn-  .;i^- 
charged  their  pie«.-6s  and  drove  Ba  b  bill  Speed,  in 

a  Short  time  they  came  out  again  .  bring,  hut  at 

such  a  Distance  that  -.lIv  ;.;  w ~   .  :.by  wounded..  A 

all  Run  in  ugain  as  last  as  before.t    Tie   ■  ••■e        '    ■  :vz 

within  half  a  mile  of  the  Plaee.  under  f :    :  -  eee 

asked  Col.  Barnwell  wliat  b^  rie^ui:;':;  ..f  e;,-  i-.ttiii.,  L  i  -k. 


*  App.  NoSi  110  ana  .\:  p.  X<.'S.  :x.iid 


94 


Spinoza  (•vvho  was  thtni  with  tliein")  go  in,  for  that  lu-  had 
Promised  to  Return  in  3  djiys,  to  which  the  Col.  answered, 
that  lie  had  often  heard  his  father  say  Never  trust  a  xSpan- 
iard,  nor  be  afraid  of  an  Indian,  then,  said  the  General.  I 
perceive  you  do  not  approve  ol^it.  However,  havin,c^  added 
that  the  Lettinij:  go  a  Single  Prisoner  was  of  ['■.>>  ;  :once 

and  that  the  Enemy  knew  the  Situation*.  ,  De- 

serters, he  let  the  said  Diego  Spinosa  g«..  inio  St.  Augustine 
to  the  great  Dis.satisfaetion  of  .•d!  :.A    "   '.un.     V   -  ■ 
ever  he  was  in  therv  the  <  ■  ■  .      '  \  ;y 

Spot  where  the  Generals  ^iui  ;  i  ai  to 


lair  V/     ,    ■  .   ,    •  :  :  :  .  ,   ■  ■      .  ; ■  v.  ^  .    : :  ' 

tion^:  :  i      i  .    ■  ^  ;  ^  ^  •  ^;         •  -  i ' 

the  nuiili  J  !;u'r,j:/ MA:-  :  -aA-;;-  ii": iiiniLfiv :  :. 

was  Spr-^:-  ■        \\  -  •  A'    ■■;  'l-\;v.  ;■  J    '  : 

advanc;  ;  ^    :  al     ^  i 

pounder  an<!  'J  '    ■■          ■-        .              ^  a:  -L-  ..:A 

in  the  uion.  a  a                                   :a:u  • 

to  Maj.  (.'oih  ■  '  ■               ■          '     :  -.-A'"-r  ' 

oif  tile  A'H-  ■.   '        ::a    "  -iu-  disriiounvv 

taken  in  the  .  -a:.-       rji;-  Aa'-'u,  atteuii 

deso'"  '     ■   '    HA'  '^.i:a           -lyAv    .         Aegro,  who 

with  .  .  .  :  A     :    ,      A;!-  i., 

with  some  Afijroes  imn  Settlement  Indians  as  their  ( 
The  man  heiA'..;    '    '  '  'a  a  >'\v.^n 
of  the  Carol:. AA,  i.^a, ' -un 
next  day,  an<i  the  Sau- 
Sick  Men  of  the  Cai  A.i  iA.;:! 
Vessel  in  order  tu  o.-  e, -, 

imbarking  Artii  le  ry  an.  1  --s  ■  :  'a;.,-  ki  u-l  or  orlter. 
Yanderdussen  wrote  the  foili.wi 


a  and  used  to  Seout 
4ain. 

r^-^'  Add  by  th-  .  rs 
,  •  A  ''d  to  be  . Ae 
:  La,  '  r;!ieral.  .About  40 
it  were  put  on  )a  at^;  a 
M  ^'ii-  day  wa<  HpAut  in 
AA,-  Kiial  or  orUer.  Col. 
eiier  TO  the  General : 


'      '  «  'ami*  (..y  AxASTATiA,  5)rh  July,  1740 

Sir:"^  [  hope  by  to-morrow  tA-  a^ :  !ii'A-t  <'f  our  Cani'oa  on 
board,  a^  h    A   I  -iadi  'i a -h'O  tlie  lAia>;U'k:ui-n.  (.-f  rj,^: 
I  cann('  ■   vA  A..  a.  :    -.'a  nes'A-r  dAd.I  have  -a-  ::,  ai 


App.  N 


T  App.  A '  J.  I. 


opportunity  as  we  have  now,  for  it.  wo  .send  our  Craft  IvOiiuJ. 
to  the  Matansas.  and  make  a  Battv^ry  ui)on  the  Bluti,  I  will 
undertake  to  defend  the  place  and  keep  them  from  all  Com- 
munication to  the  Havanna  or  elsewhere,  and  tliat  witli  iiUO 
Men  more  than  ivhat  I  have  now,  till  we  uet  Supplies  from 
the  Colonies.  Your  Excellency  told  me  your  Reason  for 
Raising  the  Blockade  was  that,  while  the  ^[en-of-AVar  were 
liere,  we  could  not  stop  them  from  l-r  '       isions  from 

the  Havanna.    The  Reason  was  because  ujc  jlatansas  was 
open,  and  no  Battery  upon  the  Bluff,  wliicli  ;doue  will  Stop 
all  pas.saire,  both  from  tiie  Matansas  and  '  ■       .  tvxs. 
I  am  your  Excc : 

, ..L^ I.; -^.EX. 

'^In  the  even!  1;  ^  '  ,  -  ^  ,  •  •  ^  '  •  iv;-:;,  r 
as  beibre  by  Col.  .    .  .  - 

eral  to  the  Governour  of  -  v-L:  h 

was  -  '  .  -  ■  ■  .        ..  - 

oners  .:,.:^iu  -j.  :  ' 

should  be  allow--   i:.^         Au  i<r\<'X'::r  -'m-  -  ^     ■  ' 

Sent  the  Next  day.    A'  .         „  ^   ^  -rs  vver;' 

drawn  from  the  adva^i'-  :  ]'  .  ■:■■:    ■  ■  I    :  j^v.-r 

Batt-^rv.  c^n  the  7tii,  by  l  /  -  ■  V.  ■  ■ .  .  ;  ,  --i-r 
•::'"'!\.  Tiwn  down.    T^;,-  ;  _  '  .k   '^v  : 

at  Work  :  :  -J.,  r  V  :iKler  winch  lU .  h;  vi;.^ 
been  cracked  in  liri:!-.:  /  .  i^-  worth  bringin,^  .^.i-  \>'iV'X 
and  Nailed,  so  that  Xc---;  thing  was  brouLrhf       fr-  -m 

the  advanced  Battery.  ( 'or  A'andei -  '  - 
ing  Letter  to  our  Lt.  Governour  bv  tiie  Boat  wuh  the  -k 
Men  : 

Camp  upon  Axast.\tia,  7th  Jn ly,  1740. 

Sir  :  [  wrote  you  at  Large  of  all  our  Tr.;;i:-._;ctioi'-  h:ih- 
erto  ;  I  am  now  getting  if:  ■■■•■[  '  l  Shipped  oti 

for  the  other  sideband  h^pt;  u>  ■  ;  ii-  •   r      in-  k^:^ 

my  Retreat,  v,  liich  I  hope  to  perfon.  .  -  ;  J 

what  the  General  (\'-\  :\-  ri  ^  u  ]       ]:■:[  KlIow.  lie 

says  that  .he  designs  lo  keep  upe-Li.  tuc  -     ,  b..r  [  :;u 

App.  N"o.  11:3. 


96 


almost  sure  that  stayinu;  there  is  the  Least  of  bis  tlioiigliti?, 
ancL  indeed,  i  think  will  be  of  no  Service  alter  Hai.-ing  the 
Blockade  upon  this  Island.  We  had  the  \vlir;l<.-  in  .y.ir  power, 
and  still  mighi  Kecoverif  we  were  to  keei)  tiiis  Island,  upon 
the  Success  of  which  I  durst  pawn  my  Life.  I  have  done 
all  I  c<:»uld  against  leaving  the  Blockade,  buth  by  word  and 
Letters;  but  he  is  deaf  to  all,  for  what  Rt  asun  tb-  L'^rd 
knows.  I  wroO:"  him  yesterday,  a  Copy  of  wliich  you  have 
annexed.    I  have  Sent  thi^  ^-  di>;- sick,  aial  a- soon 

as  we  get  out  shall  send  i-wi  '  >  ■  ^  >"  J'.'hn's.  where 
they  sltall  Remain  till  I  have*/  in  the  mean- 

time Remain  your  Hor  '  ■  aiii, 

The  S       .r-v  parsed  tiit  da\'  bft;_-!\;  upniv  Bayley  liaviiig 

beer:  '    •  -    ^  r^-SC:,:.  ^ ^ r ^ 

R-a   .  .a  a...       ^  .  ,         -v  -.aai 

aa  -  ■        3 Ian  was  ^  ■  -    ■!       ^  ...   '  wd 

dest-rvediy.  ior  r:^-    >a  :       ^aa:';:l  -\:]^  ■  .  1. 

drawn  oti,  0!-  ai-a,.'.aaa  a.  .:;.a  •  j  a- :./.^-i.:a:-.  ^c.^  p::^-  :ai 
board,  the  Li.eaiy'>  cming  at  the  Knowledge  of  it  at  that 
Juncture  must  liave  been  of  fatal  (.'ons-;  ;  aence  to  the  Regi- 
ment. Col.  A'au'lvrthasseti  iiaviiia  at  this  Juncture  per- 
ceived an  In:--lia-Kiori  -jj  '.ii.--ert  i\i  -ome  '.,>thers,  that  either 
had  ]vlaster>  t-  i'^  raiai  a-  or  were  in  dcl)t  in  Carolina,  cau-ed 
the  wliole  Regiiueia  ^  -  l:>v  the  dtad  Body,  man  by  man, 
and  to  Return  to  tia  a;  -^i..--^ :  thaa  a-f-aio-to  the  head  '.a  die 
Regiment,  made  a  Siiort  aaid  pr* >p..'r  Speech  upon,  the  occa- 
sion.'^ The  a;  s.,ua:a^e  and  soa:  ■  \  :[,>■  Guns  were  put  on  board, 
in  which  Capt.  Tyrrel  was  of  g  ~^  a* vice  in  the  a.--  ae 
he  gave.  A  great  Storm  of  T;  .  ..a;  arid  Lighi.a; .; .,ad 
Rain  coming  up.  the  rr;;viia;fV  S-diOiai^n- s  mast  was  aiiich 
damaged,  aa:l  d.-  ilag  at  th^  Top?aa-L  li^aal  Stru^-a  a  a  aa 
The  Flag  at  ta-  L^>^:.kout  wa-  "^'  ra^av  drnaii  at  t-;.  -a^i.e 
time.*  In  the  Eveiiin-j:  th  =  -  V:  >      -.-f  trace  met,  and  an 

:     ;. :  je  of  a-- ■  .  -  -     ■■    '  -•  aaroJii;a  .i^^-gi- 

meiit— one  a  New  i-....:  ;,.a  \i-.\u,  :iirl  rl-.a  other  an  Iriihiiiaa.  ■  . 
t  A  pp.  No.  llo. 


answer  was  broimht  Iroin  tlie  (.r.jveniour  io  the  Ueueral  s 
Letter.  The  oJlioer  who  Im-  ^'luiu  it  luiviiiir,  u]»ou  Inqiiiry. 
been  told  the  Reason  of  m  •  i'vjiments  being  in  Motion 
thi-  ?vl.ornin.g.  Said  such  thirms  would  iiappen,  and  that 
they  li ad,  a  few  days  before,  Shot  4:  Men  for  the  same  Rea;- 
son.  On  the  Sth  Lieut.  CoL  Cook  went  over  to  Point  <-)uar- 
telh  2  Eigliteen  Pounders  still  .Reuiaining  Mounted  at  the 
Lower  Battery,  one  i;f  wltieh  lie  advised  him  to  keep 
mounted  till  he  \vent  off.  and  then  to  Split  it,  which  being 
afterwards  Drawn  off.  and  with  trie  RemainfL/r  of  the  .Vrtil- 
lery,  beiuLC  embarked  in  the  afternoon,  f'ol.  \'an.l  ■  --r-n 
ctrdered  all  .      '  ^  ■       -  nfrlir-  r]-onr 

Line,  which   ,  .        - : J-^  ■ -irn'-'-  ^nid 

sent  them  on  board     ■  .  ^.'i:-:  ;.;U  rb.,'  R..--^  cA  i;  .-  ,, 

L;:i"    il!  Ill"  -IVKi  k  III-  Rcj^r  of  Tiit; 


Re-t  of  the  \'t--v'-  and  f'^.^ji-  ■;.;■< b:-ri:':[  ii 

by  the  Colonel  t'j  the  lb.:  . '■'  b.    ,  -r 

in  the  morniuL:".    fhi  tf.i  '   b.  .  ;  -  ^-m     :     ;  :  i;:  f  . ^  ■ 
iLu',  '"''b,  Vand  .•rdu--ri!   ni..;  r«.;hed  dow<i  i-.'  th"  v.'ra::r  .-ide 
with  ail  til-  Kegimeni.  ex  cent  his  own  b  \  •    ny  and  the 
C'''':\r-; II V  of  <_t:^:-!;  ;Miv:'-.  luu  bavin;^  -^/vu  :i.ibark  in 

i'  :\  ■  ni   f<»r  tlK'^--:-  ^>bi-.;-  Ll  *    'nqniiiv'-,  .:]id 

-Liw  riii.-rn.  aiso  ini-..:v:.:.:d  a  Little  aft^r  MUi  Ri-e.  without  the 
least  cunfusion.  T;i  -:  '  •  ibin-'rii  went  oif  in  a  sni:b'  b..::;.t^ 
having  left  nothiiii:  .  wbai--ver  but  the  bb.e,:. 

was  split.  The  tide  being  favourable  and  wind  srualb  diu 
there  was  a  grear  -rwell  upon  the  Bar.  which  cau-'.  1  bie 
Largest  of  the  vessels  to  tliuui'  i^  and  Brake  un  rue 

Province  Sciiooner's  Keel,  Vi  i  -   _  Rowed  and  some 

towed,  ail  get  liap-^sily ')ver  ni  sai^r'tv.  iMAiii-r  -i-i  in  Num- 
ber. The  Colonel  liad  ordered  the  Drums  of  the  two  la.st 
Companies  to  beat  the  Reveille  and  th.^  .-^-u tries  to  pas-  the 
word,  wduch  Deceive'!  the  Enemy,  but  by  tiiat  time  the  Sun 
v-.  :^  e  .     ,  ^      ■:  -    ing  rb'-  Fi-.bdi  C'A  '  ^      -  :iny      ■  -r 

tery.  and  no  Return  being  nnidv  iL'-m  c h-M./r.  -.)me  ef  ibeni 
"  7 


98 


ventured  ashore  upon  the  Island.  '  • '  •  -  time  all  our  (Jraft 
were  got  over  the  Bar.  Tlien  th..  •  .  dropped  down 
opposite  to  Point  Quarteli  Baitery,  whore  Ensign  Maee  was 
with  al.'out  50  of  the  (..ronerars  soldier.s,  and  tired  very 
Briskly  upon  them.  They  Hulled  the  Orooriria  Periau,u-er, 
lying  there.  Ensign  ^lace  RetAirned  some  shot  from  the  G 
Pounders  lying  on  the  sand.  Col.  ^'anderdiissen  expecting 
that  thvy  wo'.ild  make  a  descent  t'.roh-  •■  i-v:- 

diately  LaiK i'v i  M irii  the  Coii^n- n^,- ■ '  :  ■    .  -^.'t. 

Col.  Lejeau         uii ii       M",  "  .Q- 

pany  of  C'  -   ■  ^■c^i'.'V-d  i  :i- 

sigu  }^fac.;'.  :  .  —      -iv- I     :  ^       ■'■      '  o^>k  h,-,  ^  i liod 

earb'  "h'  ,  ;  '■ .  \  ^■■'^  <^  .  '  !  ^irt'Ctinu-.  tr.!-  St. 
Joi. . ,    '.  :  ^  ■  '         l' at  tiuu  P"inr,  aT}<l  -2^^\ivis. 

Cv^r  ij-::.;,.r  ^        .    ^  -i.    L  '  '    '  :  rhe  G^n-:..!  :  ' 

a-^ir-:-  A^.:.:.^  .  .  ■  ^-^^     r-;  ^         ■        ^  ^  -  -;-k 

:   '     ilaii:2:ao^e.      ■   r,--.--^)-.]'  •]-■■'     -  '^'-\-.::.\  ^  •:  '  ■  :iis 

^'\vv:  i.'  I^"'  :  I' •  ■l•!l^.■<  m:,  r|;;-  '     ^  , ' ;  ^  ■  .        ■  -i-ar 

QuartelL  wiacU  tljtii.  uiv  o[>en  to  th'-ir  aui..-  aa:  a-  a^-t 
whaff:  !i  ad  iiad  tltair  tir>;    taiap        ^Lait  Ira]:-.  Col. 

A'aiidfV  la— -eeiriir  (kipL  Paii-iaiW  aiai  vap^.  a.v!-:^ ^ud 
uii'i-'-r  -'^il.  Want  dii  U'>ard.  and  'i:-d^-a  ;'i.-ra  t'^  -■/•'  nil 
aiak'  a;a'  ('■:/nvov  th^;*  Crah  to  >a  !■  ■  .  -ka-a!  r:.  ka  ; 
tiaai  a..-  Mak  I'v^d  th-;'  v'rat't  ta  -a!  d  HI  the  evtlll!]:,  '  -'  d 
ih> aa,  ;  V  a  ia  2  [low  i>a;i!s  to  cdoaa  tla-  -liore  aral  a^a -aaa 
the  L^  .'^a.iaiu  witli  Pr-ivi-iaai-^.  lu  tlia  fMacnitima''"  thi.- '  a"'U- 
eral,  who  had  go]ia  rraui  I'aiiU  '  ^aarcad  (■var  to  Id-  i'aaa:a 
near  MoL-sa.  in  tla^  laomina.  a  litrlo  hat'a-,r  <Ji.)L  \k/aa^  :^a  — 
sen's  arrival,  sent.  '"»var  orders  to  Capt.  rniiihar  ana  [-..d'/n 
Mace  to  'anirn  aiitl  'a--'r .ar  everything  tluu  rh-y  c-iau'l  not 
carry  away,  aial  to  Kadi'^-  to  Sr.  .rulrnV.  'vh-..  in  the  cveuing 
put  these  orders  iii  Ex-.-aution  .Ha-  ''aguii  with  l^uraa  a..  the 
Periaager,  then  a^:  _ 'it  a  > '"^-/a  .  a.<-  aandra'd  poiiia;-  .■  a^a 
worth  of  Provisiori-  'aadalt  di'-  (ienerah  ha"\dua:  [a;a..aa.-^ed 

Col.  VaiUlal  -    -  :. 
t  Ap-p;Xo>.    -  . 


a  short  till:.  iVuni  a  New  York  >^-'>p,  had  iaiided 

there").  Con.-iv.  of  Bread,  Flour,  Ilaiii-,  C'liee^e.  Batter, 
Beer.  <Xc.  The  soldiers  w^n-e  L'jtli  to  part  wivi  the 
Liq        :!  :i' '  '  ■ :  : ;  \  o.-  of  it.     1 1;  'hat 

plight  they  burnt  i:-.'Xi  ii-  ■  re  iou-n- ' oa:. ; 

one  of  the  arms  being  le-a-- .r.u..  ^.  •;.  in  ilic  iii:.,  ;.aid 
sliot  E:;-!^n  ^hice  in  the  thidi.    The  8  six  ])0unders  belong- 

ing  to  i'l:     Ph   .     '  -    '          ^  ■          '    h      '  '  -  •          "      -  ^'-:ie 

two  of  their  'jv,:;,   )      ■    .        ■■  ]  . _;ot 

out,  but  it  sre]ii>  ii;             ■    \  „  "  lu  .i.-hi.h. 

IL;vi;>.;      -'it;  tlii-  Havock,  tii-  -^i^;:  v-  ^     /iiij-  ^-v  :''-' h '  i^g 

riru.;  h;;-  :-h  IhrHriii;:;  \^"iih  hi-  ReLrim-u'"  i:    ■  .h- 


!:  '      -  ■      _      ■      :     ^  :   ^.  —      ■    ;:;:u.l.ll_:h'.    - ';  Ut 

h  '        .   ■   \.    .  the    i'r^hu.  vhich 

they  liad  ("ilh   .  .      ,  ee^  ' 'hih  -:a.'.ke_rr  jit 

i)ff  several  Swi\-fi  ^.h;in-,  liand  Lirex-e  v-k,  h\e  :-:  .  . 

and  niaee  'ei'-r  rhinu-.  whir-k  \'-'-ri^  -k  'e;  r^envh  h-;'  '■'lo- 
"nelk  t'vv'.  h     ■  h  h     ^  ei.  ;'.  ■  \\e-'0- '■:-k  k.i-:--o.  k'he 

(jkjMel  eao-';'l  rh;..  i'-veijle  to  k. -e.  Tiie  Uenei'Mi"^  3T:-n 
set  orf  ak.-ir^-  k'le  B-.  a«-h  for  St.  Johns,  beinu-  ai)out  ok'es 
Di-kmce.  ^Ai  ^'  i^'ikock  the  kar^kina  Reehnicik  =  k  --^  k 
ha\'in;^  keeo  eveiihed  till  tliut  tiLi-  in  th;  ohiji^  (nv:  V-'::r^:''v 
another  fmni  the  iN'int,  whieli  tie-.-  <.hi-nerai's  People  kek  k.-rt 
there.    Tku-*  re  ek  irer  was  left  at  that  Place  b'tt  '"i  ( tp.ns, 

■\  hi'ki  k.,-\-  i;;ei  h:.v!'  0  iu  the  '-and.      Thf    hN/-e:e^]:^  „ 'e  to 

the  tirst  Pali:ieto,»  Hut,  bein--  ke  urst  weou'iug  place,  about 

2  o  elu  jk  \:  irkll^LT  a  verv  ie>t  'kie.  thee  i;;k.rAd  ki^-r-  kll 
the  Dusk  oi  ci.c  kv-oiri::,  ^eh,ei  liejy  :dae.eie-'l  aieee,  -ad 
halted  at  the  Seei-uk  w.iteriu^  okiei-,  ahp'oa     u'eh>:ec,  h -uer 


;  App.  y,,.  1  r.  :  App.  lis. 


100 


Evening  with  liis  Regiment  ut  u  place  called  llie  Gruve 
On  ye  lltli,  in.  the  TDomina;,  lie  got  to  Fort  Diego.  The 
Carolinii  Regiment,  at  break  of  Day,  marched  again,  and 
about  10  o'clock  got  to  St.  John's  Ftiver,  wljere  they  found 
all  the  Craft  Safe  arrived,  and  encamped  about  haU"  a  mile 
nearer  to  the  Sea  thari  before.  The  weather  being  very  l\ot, 
and  but  two  or  three  Watering  placers  in  all  the  Long  March, 
though  upon  a  fine  Beach,  many  of  the  men  that  were 
grown  weak  and  had  not  been  able  io  keep  vrith  tlie  Regi- 
ment, came  in  atterwards.  In  the  evening'^  an  Express  to 
Col.  Vanderdussen  from  tiie  General  arrrived  there  frtim 
Fort  Diego,  to  Knov,-  wlietherthev  had  got  safe  there.  This 
Express  Informed  liim  that  the  e^-::  r;';  a  '  ■ .  "in 
Moosa  the  night  before  he  left  Point  l ■a.  ^  au- 

derdussen  sent  the  following  Letter  to  tlie  Creiieral : 

St.  Jonx'^,  10th  Julv,  17  i'  >. 

Sir:  I  imbarked  my  nu'H  and  iiaai-  iay  bi-"!::;:i^. 
off  all  my  Cannon,  and  (.a:  ;  .  / -.  x  : '  :a,  a  .a :  v,  i-^  a  a 

the  Island,  ai  '   '  '  '  ^  •  b  a  ;  :     a  a, 

(^uartell,  and  i -      ^  .ly  .-/ai  a.y  ^  ;i.  -  .  ^.^a 

to  assist  in  Case  the  frallie.-  -hould  maka-  any  attempt  lu 
Land  men. and  seeing  the  mt-u-ef-war  niau  r  >ciil,  1  watir 
board  and  Dt-:r-'M F:aa-aa\v  r.,  ^ea    a  •  ^   _a>T.^e    ■  '  ;■ 
to  C':»nvoy  our         .    aa-  l7-ar  ■'    a      'v,,a  a  a- 

promised  me  he  would  do,  an<l  then  I  ua'-'a  "r'iers  to  all  "  ir 
Craft  to  go  directly  t<;  '       b- yiaaui^ad  r,  > 

voy  them.  At  my  airivei  on  -a>^.  -  1  a<i-  loid  that  '.b.i[M-. 
Dunbar  was  gone  over  to  your  Fxeelleney,  who  had  orderod 
your  People  to  Burn  .their  Provi,-ions.  oic,  and  to  Retire  to 
St.  John's.  T  -eiu,  before  day  Bn.-a i:.  rdter  von-r  Peopa-  had 
left  the  Point,  for  the  Swivel  <  bir.s.  Uaii  1  t.rrenado-,  and 
some  other  things  tliat  your  V\  'y  ie  had  Laft,  and  put  them 
on  board  a  small  Row  B  a;^  ^'  ■^;e  t;;•T- 

attend  me,  on  board  of  Wlir       ee-    Lit.-i.,^:!  aa.a  a,  \Vho  i:ad 

been  wounded  by  a  mu-ket  tiui!:  had  been  thrown  into  tlte 
lire  wheti  they  were  burni.ng  other  •  a  ■  _a    larr;.'  : 
*  App.  No.  il9. 


101 


Moment  at  this  pLace,  where  I  (Ind  the  Craft  all  safe  arrived. 
But  the  Schooner  and  SIoor>^  v'-f.  ^v.;;  in  vi^t.  I  sn]-i!.:'^e 
for  want  of  tide.  I  am  told  « ':A.  i.'-:>K>k  is  l;-.oii  tiio  o:\:cr 
side,  and  well,  but  liave  not  yet  heard  from  hinn  I  am 
Ready  to  obey  your  Excellency'-  ( i';^;:  .;nd^.  and  Remain 
your  Excellency's  most  humldo  -vrv;.:-, 


On  tlie  12th,  in  the  morning",  that  party  of  the  Gencrrd's 
men  whir-h  left  Poinr  n-'-vt,;^]]  rrnt  to  the  <"an,ip  at  St. 
Tohn'^.  •       !.:rA  r,.;  \^.,,; 


ral 


Fe>KT  DiEGO,  13th  Julv.  l7-k\ 


01 


rival  at  St.  Jolin'-;,  aii<i  aja'iv,ve 
-:  \:V:M  10  to--' 


^.iwii]  ■  vv.i-  -irand'-'d  ai'id  liurnt,  wliicli  occii-airitd  'ii,e 
Leaving  iho-c  coins.  I  marched  with  drum-  IVaniiu  a nd 
Colour-  r-y Hie  -a. rue  niiilit  you  leit  Roiut  (.^uarteil,  and 
EuLaina  a-.:,i  .A.;;L.a-iint'.  Ek; 'catino;  the  >!  :;idariC  ^<^Jald 
have  madv  a  .-ady^f.'/  v;hic]i  yur;-  J  m-vlC  -omctimc  the 
next  moraCi  ..a  ■  i;d  M  \:rh-  a  t^anrh' '  aj  lE;-  or.  A;  ov  Yarawa^^ 
and  th,  ;  a..:'  t:    ia:-  iri\,\v,  ;aid  rli^;   laat  3vh:'ri!in:_: 

•Reached  rbi  .  I  have  had  none  l_tc-o'-tv'd,  left  n-or-e 
behind,  nor  :i  man  from  lienco.  I  ha  v.-  -t^nt  out  par- 
ties to'  Quaiavd  and  .Vn^'Ui-tine  to-  si-'O  what  th,.;-  are  doing: 
Their  Ca:a.-  .Evai-c  -i  E  ■  ■  ^o,  d'a^a-  -t.  Dicuo.  aad 
then  Retarii'/O,  bui  ov  Ilui-i  io-v'  -av-  r^dvav^^  ot 

all.  I  -vr-'i  r-.  A  -a^  -E:.,^  a.  aar'y  .d  fO:-  hMU:tu-^  dn^,  dav  oa 
attack  aav  p:;r':  -  ■•■O;!-  "Oi.    I  i;i  ;i'idi  irom  iience  r 

morrow,  in  the  ,d'tera(»o.n,  and  1  'o.-ir>-  Hmt  you  would  suiy 
at  St.  JohnS  diui  L  mav  ( 'oii^nii  with  vi.ai  on  liie  pres-ant- 


*  App.  No.  121, 


102 

oc'?.!- i'r  i  '  show  this  to  the  Lieut.  Colonel,  it  will  save 

I  am,  br.,  vour  most  obedient  humbitj  servant, 

JAMES  OGLETROin'I-. 

A  Party  of  the  Carolina  Regiment  was  sent  to  Fort  Diego 
to  fetch  what  things  were  left  there  bei<>ngh>;jr  ro  tliem.  On 
the  14ih  some  of  the  (reneral's  iVoj'Ie  ;in;ived  at  tl i e  <  amp 
at  St.  John's,  who  said  that  he  intended  xo  Burn  F<..»i  •.  .1  ■  ,o 
and  everythi-  j  - h  an^l  Rr^tnv^  to  St.  Jrwin"^.  On  ^  '  . 
in  the  E^'- v.-  .    ^  T:.--' i ii'    ,j  ^       >i  - 

one  .  :  .     i-.nl  ■  :      i  '^il'l  D>'-_/'  ^" 

oui  :  ,  :  ad'UtioLi  Oi  a  ]  d.teh  and  Br-L.-t- 

workK'-'      '      :  a  :    ^        -a  L'le]'!  Deserted  trom  1''  ad 

2  from  r.  a      ^a^a  -         .i:_al  belr.re  the  Carohi;  a- 

ment  mar  aa.-.i  fiom  thence.  That  Dieo,-.  Spino.^a"-  i>  a-ri: 
a:.  ;;  .  :^  .  ^^lam  .with  a,  small  paiay  uL  Jsnrrrn-:  -a^l 
iad;:.:i  -     M-a'  da:-  1 -a>.;-:d  v-:.v  -v,.;ir,  and  v^Loa^-r 

General  iviz:  tiia  La  a,:; v--,  a~  it  appaared  an-"  a 
seidped  -^""V.-  'd"  'ia-in,  and  haa^-i:  :  ^''/a'tV.  I-i^ 

they  Wi.iaai  laac   .'aia  with  lAini         a.  ■  -^.'.vd,  up-.-'  .av 
_  Con-idera  ia.ai.  i>i;.r  aarriud  hnn  oif.     .Vb-.'Ut  9  o^ab  d 
eb;i:^a'd  .!  aa-ri-h'  (auia.'  into  the  Camp  ar  S:.  Jr)hn's.    em  ilie 
iGta  Col.  \  anderdussen  Received  from  the  General  t.he 
following  orders : 

Camp  on  St.  Mathls,  ln  Florida, 

iMth  July,  1740. 
Colonel  Vanderdussen  and  the  Carolina  Regiment  are  to 
stay  in  Fl<>rida  till  further  orders,  it  being  necessary  foi'  his 
Majastyb  -irv'.-.--.  ihe  aTaneral  havinLi:  >anr  u|>  to  Ca':'^'C  .:  aj 
Concert  wid.i  that  <  r^averument  the  measures  necessary  to  ae 
taken  again sr  the  Spaniards,  and  fur  the  security  •  of  the 
Prcviaee  ut  Carolina  at  rliis  .Juncture. 

JAMES  OGLETHORPE 

This  day  Col.  Vanderdussen  Received  tie-  frdlowing  IB.a  ter 
from  our  Eieur.  (Tovernour  a'' 


1<)3 

^^'iTARLi'.STO^vy,  July  9,  17  10. 
Sir  :  Althoagli  I  had  yesterday  sent  my  Xjetters  by  the 
Scout  Boat,  yet  I  thought  proper  by  Vaughan  to  acquaint 
you  that  Capi.  Walker's  Schooner's  will  be  Ready  in  two  or 
three  days.  I  shall  send  in  litr-r  Capt.  ^h-:Xeal  and  his  Com- 
pany, a  Master  and  Saih:;-:  <'vo^v  y^n  -  i-.Miiders  (that  slie 
may  withstand  tlio        :    -      .  .■■i) :.  i"J  '>r  l-i  ^w.vel 

Guns,  some  plank,  Occ.  (}^iv  !  ly  are  to  meet  next 
Week  ;  please  to  coi;:  :■  >      Contents  of  this  to  the 

General  and  Captain-    ■  lii-  '  i.:  :  ---v'^  Ships. 

I  am  Sr.,  vour  'Vii-':  lli^.:'  -ervant, 

WILLIAM  BLLL. 

On  the  17th  Colonel  Vand.-iii IL    -ivt-d  two  L-rr-rr^ 
fi'om  ''I'V  T-i^''i tenant  Gr.voT^'^'  ' ; ; u-'.       .':iiii>  him,  '^I'l^ 
oth-;;  -.    '  -ido-  u..  -L  ;  '5  tfuu.  as         ^  ■  ^ 

Men-..   "     .  .-^  .  .v/U^!  ...r-Lr  (.jpt.  ' i  ■  :  , 

and  ,  !  ■■■  '-^  ■  .  ^\  '^i  :  l^;  •  LrvV^-iy  : 

would  be  on  the  loth)  he  \vi!iild  Ehk  ;  im 

them  to  do  ■■.   •  ■  ■    s  most     ]   '-'.^  '  .  ■■'         "       •  v 

and  tilt"'  ui-^d  -  ;'::dr  Conn  try,  au^t  ,m-v,/  -:^:'y 

( rovc-i'u  .-.ir-  '  ^^''nh  (.MT'dina  and  \'i *-L.ini-y  I'or  -'jIj;^  - 
ance,  in  ^' :•  '>  :.,';ry.  d;  •  rU';*!:;  i!.-.  if  liotli':,.  re 
could  be  ouirr.  '•■<  ';(  tbc  l^th  IVdon;:!  \'riniierdu--ou  !;  :  '.  ■g. 
communicated  the  same  to  the  General,  who  said  h-:  .-.d 
Received  a  Letter  himself  to  tlie  Like  purpose,  an-.l  a-k:d 
him  wlu'^:  ^  '  '  '  '■■>.  rlie  General  Repiyed  idrr 
would  on.y  l.  ,;  -  M  r;  and  then  march  Back;  th  ir  if 

they  ci'^uld  Marcii  from  tlience  (St.  Joiin'^)  to  Augustine  in 
out'  da^',  the  Enemy,  thinixHi:^  tiiev  wor;;  irujie.  ^  ■  ' ^ '  ; 
Liable  to  l:>e  Surprised,  and  liiat  he  wonid  'rrite  ti-  ;. 
.<:Tuvern."a.u-  at  Large.    The  Letters  whicii  ibe  v.rfiurr-.u.  liv- 
ceived  at  this  time  wv  re  two.  as  follows  : 

(.'harlkstowx,  28rh  June,  1740. 
^iiT  :    Your  Letter  of  th'^  L  r]i  n^^tsr.!  "[  E' r'-:r->:d  -  -'le 
liand-      '  rir,  Wdliam  L.dnn-r,  wlvj        biiv/rmed  nic  '  .ai 


-m 


he  was  pre.-ent  in  the  Enoaoeineut  wlieu  liis  Father  and 
iibniit  7S  men  were  Kille'l  hy  the  Sj)iiiiiards  in  the  attack 
they  niar'io  ;-'-;M:i>t  the  .Snuiii  party  of  our  tbrce.s,  consisting 
of  .MO  ]\Ien,  about  a  mile  distance  froui  the  Ca>tle,  who 
you  say  being  Left  to  ahu-ni  the  Spaniards  on  tlie  Land  side, 
were  Surprised  by  tlun).  It  i."<  a  n.iattcir  of  great  Concern 
to  nie  to  hear  the  Enoiny  had  so  grtiit  an  advantage  of 
those  br..;.","  ^  and  to  make  -iich  ;}  llavock  among  them, 
without  i;.  ;  feav  of  their  i 1 1 ) l:'  V' -i ie ved  or  Supported . 
by  any  assistance, as  •>:.  . giment  y:u -  >ivi'-  with  you  on  the 
Islar.'i    ••  '  ;■  ^'U  ihi'  ■       ir,  wiihout 

and  ^       ■■            -  n V  rr>  jm       v  . 

the  I-^landai.-  I^;.-,  v.-;..-  .  .  i:          ■   -  ■  /           1  ■ 

Coii<;C'"-        ^'"-^  ■  ^  ■  i  tIk- .-.■.'^ 

Cht;i!r       ■            .  ;     .    ,  -  in  tiii-^  E^vP-' iiri^ >n,  \,\-:\:.^:- 

me  hopvi/:  I             i^'  -  ■iii'-i!  i  nv.';  'isrM\^  l:;  rh'-  [r.i'vii 

au^l           .  '  '  .    :  ' '  'nis  Pro^'Ur 

h:V..-     .   .  .   .  ::.    ^  :  -h,-  I  sl;:-;:    -      .  .i 

you  -.v"  Mr,  :  ^  -.u  ^'   M.::V-E.  .       a     ■        .  v-h.-ui  I  Kv'^, 

I  hl;a^:/^  .      •         and  aui  Sr,,  your  iuo;;  iJ:'--  iis-nt 

AVILLLi^l  BULL. 

Chart.estowx,  7th  July,  1740. 

Sir :*  By  the  Scout  Boat  I  Received  your  Letter  of  the 
13th  June  lasv.  wnrrrin  ^    :  |.E'';i-^^il  '[■■<  ivit'^r;;!  ni':'  ran 

you  had  Recovor,,d  },L.!,^,,,  ';aa.  J  she  <l;:ad,  :i!id  dr^na;  ta.- 
Spaniards  into  St.  Aagu-tlne :  That  you  greatly  vttni  an 
a-sisrance  af  ^Teii  ;  That  Malaclii  an'.i  Cldgilli,  witli  all  the 
Lower  < ."'reeks,  have  declarcfl  for  us,  and  sonie  of  them,  have 
been  df>w.n,  and  more  are  Lxpeetc-d  every  0;iv  at  ['una.  I 
am  g'n  l  yr.u  are  likv  ;o  ha.V'_*  >rtch  assistancv  iror.i  ?  '-.e  < .'reeks 
atai-a  -a'.'_  -  ;■     J'hr-y  (  a'  the  . :: :  m,.";  Jai  dans  are 

able  auu  a  ;u  e--'a  >.  ;a.  i-r-  on  rhi-  .^v';  n.  ii'  tliey  are 
well  u«ed.  Fneouraged.  aial  u^a  oi-gu-tvo  \  >y  a  .ay  lie.-traint 


105 


frora  rliat  lliey  apprehend  they  have  a  right  to  Eni(.>y  whilst 
they  are  in  on  Enemy  s  Country.  And  1  am  ghi'l  to  hear 
there  are  lewer  killed  than  was  Eeported,  though  wo  have 
no  As.-istance  from  those  who  are  yet  alive,  since  they  are 
Pri^oiiiTs.  vnd  c-'n'^  dU  ••  >v.'-v.ir.nf  the  Number  and 

C'.^:;m:":-:i  ^'loui  ;;  1  i'  i'';'  -.  v-;,:,r,  may  prove  a  greater 
I     '         -^'^^  Enemy  tiiey  co\:Li  have  if  our  Tvcu)])^ 

were  unitea.    Col.  Vanderdussen  can  Inform  yon  ■ 

F->  y-,,-:-.  orr-.T:tir.n  wPre  Enihlr'Vod  with  tii:  ■  - 

d::_  ^'"^i •  .m^"' ,  i; <  r^i;C'TUrage  a.  '^ 

with  our  Inhabitants  to  pr'-^cc"-.!  :u  li;;-  .! /-nM-'dir:..!;,  .ni^ 
ther^  ■-  '       ^    ■  /r/         :-:V  ]-::•.: 

fr-o:,,     ^  ■  _  u     LYilh:.:,  _  :  .-e 

n: : '  • :  i ; ' :  -  .)  1. ^  -ia^jrion  ever  -■^im:-;  tiie 

s      .  ^  y-r  :     Fort  Diego,  which  wa-^  ai)out  the  12th  Mav 

I  ?hould  l>;  g;::  ".  rr,  hear  what  Benefit  we  can  hov'.  a 

M           ;  t^:^;   ]■':,.  [                      :  -j-'l:"  in  our      —  .  - u, 

Cv,"     ■  '    ■     ■  ■         ■ '      !Y'.      y               '  ';-^ed,  or  : '  .'A 

pxvyu   •.                    ::\A  N  r.  ■■■y  y.;          :  -  ;     ;  nO  Ecs!'.  ...t 

eitijer  that  ever  I  heard  -^>f.  Our  (I  iv-.-'^l  A--emhly  are  to 
ir-  ;  :  ,  ■  lodi  1;>':-;,^       ■  ■   "  :  '  " 'iideavour  t  .  Ye-;,- 

f:''  ^  v-g:"i     i"!';-      '^-^  •  ■    ,.v  .  ....d  prevail  wi^n  :u^au 

a-  tar      .  ■  ;  ■         .  Ya^  i<  mo^t  f}r  the  Service  ui  his 

Majesty  cind  good  of  riedr  Country.  In  the  meantime  I  am 
ii"'  V:  ^V-. p.; -  ~  ^oiier,  which  Mr.  Builedge  Informed 
r:.  :  1  e  ; ;  i  •  ee;.:  !  be  sent,  with  sonie  more  Plank.  T 

wa^  inil-rnied  the  other  was  mismanaged  and  lost.  I  shall 
send  in  .this  S(;hiv.jrM. ]■  (.'apt.  -dcXeil  and  his  Coniieiii''.  a 
Master  ood  Sailing  Crew,  d  nine  pounders,  that  she  m:;y 
witiiscand  the  C-allies  upon  occasion.  12  or  14  Swivtd.  Guns, 
lie.  I  shall  apply  to  the  C-ovornour  of  North  Carolina  and 
Virginia  and  de-i^'e  aij  as^i-;;  ':  :  Men  at  their  Ex]=rnse. 
in  order  t'j  roritinao  a  Ee^  . a'  i. •■tiling  nan'e  een  oe 
done.  But  I  have  been  rn  hope.-^  of  •iicarin^r  that  fair  E-  a-e-es 
were  united,  and  carrying  on  regulavlv  the  appf"' a;,  in 
order  to  act  Po^sc-dan  a'^:.;'  T-  -va  -aai  (i'onhne  ta>-  r.;;^;  .}' 
to  iht  (  a-ile.  where  E^  ■.  va^:..i^i  -^.ea  have  lelt  the  r-i^'- 


lOr; 


our  Smuilcst  Siieils  falling  among  them,  and  if  no  Steps  to 
such  0,  purpose  have  been  or  vcWl  be  taken.  I  Confess  I  have 
Little  hope.-  of  that  Success,  which  was  at  hrst  Expected, 
and  so  much  desired,  by  tlie  Inhabitants  of  this  Province. 
The  Schooner  wilb  I  hci^e.  be  ready  in  two  or  three  days, 
but  as  the  Su."il  i)0.^t  waits.  J  ihua.uht  it  tiie  most  certain 
way  to  send  the  Letters  with  her  luiLiit-r  tiian  tiie  Schooner. 
I  am  Sr.,  vour  most  Hund.>le  StTvaut, 

WILLIAM  BULL. 

On  the  19th  the  General  sent  the  follr-wiri-  LctUT  tr»  r-ui 
Lieut.  G  >vernour: 

('amv  rv  Florida,  lOth.  July,  17 A^. 
Sir:  T'^  ;>nr  r^:.,^;!o-h  I  hav>:  but  VOi'V  l:n.]e 

tiiu^\  i        ,    -  ■  ^  '        :   '  ■  i:-'V,  whiri'  T  i  — 

lieve  will  <;lear  up    i"  ■  ^  ■  ■"^p       '       tlie  ! 

ment  '  ■  \^^L;--aLie  ro.ru  ' 

C]r<(]  -^  •        :^  ^  'u..::.,    ■  .  r-  ..;;^  tliat  L  --' 

it:  .  ;~r  be  one  y.i  r;  y  <  , :  p-e  on  St.  .vn-^-- 

tatia,  and  one  on  <  r.-iar^.ll,  which  I  could  not  Exec:  -  • 
the  Seas  spared  the  2UU  from  the  Island.  You  must  r»:ui 
her  I  mentioned  that  Augustine  was  Scarce  of  food,  the  En- 
tri':::  ,  .'  :  •  round  th^'  'i'  :  .vn  vW;:;k,  hvjI'  uiq  iTarri-ou  not 
Coiup>f  '  ;  [  tLeivfore  iu^i-ted  to  attack  it  Imia^']:-:  -b,-, 
since  ah  aoj-'CS  of  Success  lav  in  Speed,  and  that  as  I  ap[  i^j- 
hended.  if  we  delayed,  S  i  would  come  from  Cuba, 

they  would  F-rtity  the  Tm^-ik  iUi  up  d^^/ic  Erb-cbw.-  : 
the  Season  of  the  year  won  1*1  force  the  m(.M\-<;t-war  into  tiar- 
hour,  and  the  Heat  would  occasion  Sicioie-s  amongst  ours. 
All  whidi  lias  happened!.  After  I  Left  ('harleslown,  and 
before  the  Tri~>ops  got  to  the  Rendezvous,  ti  h.i'i  ' ';db/--:  -  iv!; 
Long  Brass  Xuio  p':>undc!'-,  got  into  Ao;o;-rinr,  -.vuli  j  :-.^.iu|'S 
Loaded  with  Ib'^^vis!.,.-.  T.:^-'.:  h.;b' ' ■b-;- /itade  tin-C'Uo  - 
municatioii  b-jtween  the  Main  E.;  .  .  riid;:;u  \  \. 

and  the  Sea  iUi-  T'e;-',- ^  e;-' e  : ' ;  ■  '■:[■-'.  - 

masters  >jEEi.e  It:.:.  ■         ..    .    .  :  ..b  - 

fore  wt.  made  ourselves  masters  of  i'oint  (^uarieii  and  the 


107 


T-:la]u]  ni  .\:  >  '  [f  \vd<  lnipor>sible  to  carry  lieavy  Can- 
Jion  and  ii;  •  iiein,  and  m:d-  '•*•■  ■  ■.'•]).■-  wi^l.orit  Pioneers, 
and  you  kj:"'v  when  I  j)ropos5.ii  J'';  ^-i'  ili':.rn,  wliitv  -  or  Ne- 
groes, it  was  an  Expense  the  Province  could  not  afford.  The 
Commodore  and  otficers  of  his  Majesty's  Ships  helped  us  at 
this  dead  h*;v  \-  Landed  the  Guns  and  'Mov^-r:-  ^ii-on 

the  Island..    >  r'ould  not  do  upon  the  M.. ■      T he 

Corarnodore  and  >•  -  _  ■  e-  d  vv-iih  nie  that  they  woukl 

■  '  L.:-:        '^11-   to  be  '    '  '^V 

'.  ■  .  '  '     ^  •    Town  un  the  Wj;       ■  -  :it 

tliv-.::.,       ,     —I  ■.     '  -ntheLynd.  I  ac..' •:  .r: -I'y 

went  on  the  Main.    If  the  Town  had  ■     •:.  C:r;ri',-d  ihe 
People  for(-.w  h-"  ^l^'  ^ 'I'-t;.-',  the  Bon'O  -  '  /  "I'i  ]]:-<:■:■:     ^-  ''^'I 
the  Ca-tle  ^ '      wwt^u,         v  :  and  tiii      .  Tv^.-.. 
tired  U:-  rho  hirtiie^t  par:      die  Town.    Whilst  the  hn,lf 


it  on  the  Land  si<  ie  ■  o  .o;,.  iw  being  at  the  sari  v..-  time 
Stornwd  on  tl;e  iTie  l'o".-v.^^-' acquaint- ^ 

that  .he  Couinh]  <  :    '■      tiwiud  ]■  .ocableto  .  : 

the  halt  Cidiiis,  aixd  that  they  were  -h-hiir^d  to  leave  the 
C0.0-:  h..;  -th  of  .hih.-.  ar'd  ?b-.r.  rh/'-^everal  Ve.-els 
k)aov;'h  \'-oi:[i  i.'r'.>vi -i^'):!-  were  ^T'^^t  hito  the  ^hitansas  f^'-r  rhe 
Spaniards.  Colonel  Vcuxderdussen  -Made  Several  Hand- 
some Pr-.'ps:--;ds,  to  which  I  Eefer  you.  The  Indian-  were 
tired  wit ii  the  Heats  and  Bad  weatlier,  and  Res-..-; v .■•]  = 
Return  home :  I  was  obliged  to  give  very  Large  S'.rr. is  to 
get  them  to  stay  a  fe\c  days.  Our  men  grew  unhealthv,  so 
that  tlu-  Returns  of  tie;-  Sirk  have  amounted  to  50  a  oa\\ 
The  [daee  nuv  Craft  lay  in  within  the  Bar  of  Augustine-  wa-- 
Expose^l  to  Easterly  v,  now.  wriieh  now  begin  to  g.ro\v  -Ian- 
gerou^.  oh  aohh'.:  rino  w  ah;  0,  1  tha^ught  the  oide  ^-x^^. 
way  w,--  -  ^  v-;. .  1  h  'oh  "  (hioovo 
d:c.,to     'e:  '        h.  ,^.1.1'  ]  -  rh>.:  h'h  .  i.d 

wait  till  ^ve  ^•■•:ha  h.  .a'  o'luh  >0'.^  -or-  r:_avaiha  t;aoh  i.h^- 
Towncutih:  i'.w.     Col.  Cook  and  C-h  'h  -os- 

sen  got  »-v^-..0!.ng  oii 'i'0<ird  from  Anastatia^  ^ni  i  .^..the 


10.^ 

Craft  Game  in  Sate  hither.  After  the  Craft  were  sailed.  Col. 
v'aiiderdiHsc'ii  landed,,  by  my  orders,  on  Point  i>uartell,  and 
marehed  from  thence  to  St.  Johir's.  I  niarclied  at  nrst 
towards  the  Tov/n.  tlien  returiied  and  Encamped  H  miles 
from  it.  The  n.ext  day  I  marched  about  7  miles  more  and 
halted  that  niglit  to  see  if  I  could  draw  tliem  to  Venture 
any  men  oat  from  Augustine,  and  next  <lay  to  Fort  St. 
Diego,  where  a  Party  of  their  Horse,  Negroes  and  pLidians. 
attempting  to  pursue  n.s,  \\  en--  Cli a r d  ;ind  Peato-i.  •-'ne 
Spanish  Horseman  rak  ;  :  .  .  ::  '  M:  ^  ^t 
ran  verv  :  ,  ■  the  Towi\.  i  ■  -  at 
this  Ca-  .  ■ •  ,  _     _  -di 

Bnck  or  ^     \  ^         :  :  ■  :;ld 

/  IhlVifl;.:       ■       :  .     :  -   ;      ■      ,     '  /  ■  ■ . OU 

l>uard  tlie  C'-:'!!.      I'       ■.'      /  •"      ■  A;;-i;-  ]\' i- 


thai  P;!r:/  •\.;-:,'       ■  A        -  rir  -rd-.^,  m.*]  Mv.  V::[:l 
is  mistook  in  many  part-  of  hi^      ■  nut. 
I  am  Sr.,  your  nio-t  obedir'Hi  humblo  Servant, 

JAMES  OGLETHORPE. 


P.  S. — I  yvi'.  t  v-./ry  glad  you  sent  Walker's  Schooner.  I 
wish  that  she  had  come  Sooner.  I  am  very  willing  to  giv^ 
all  assistance  I  can  toward^  Idcrlwr'ijin'i- '■he  TiurHien  ..>:'  •■'t;!-; 
good  People  ot  Carolina,  an' I.  rh.-j-  f  u-'d  p.-sy  I'J'J  m  ;i.  if 
they  are  di-'  liarg-d  out  of  tho  Carolina  R.-giment,  into  an 
Independent  <.";vr:nyany  w.eivh.  I  will  Raise.  They  will 
enable  you  to  se-n^l  '  ic:-/i\  men  t-*  the  Regiment  wichout 
any  new  Exre^i:,~e. 

July  (the  fr<;e  XegroV  h:^v-i':;:-  ^'.-^^-yi  nut  Si/nutim;  tlv;  e:^' 
before  with  so-!ne  Iniiuii-.  i.  1  u..;;        'lad  --"a  -  ain 

Cattle  on  the  other  side  a  k'l -  k.    Col.  Vand.erdu-^i.'n  - 
him  out  again  before  d;iv  a  !  ^'i  -  av  -  ^     a,  ,  a  'a^ 
same  time  he  sent  aPo  a  ^a;I■l^   -i  '  ;     j  l;  .„aa.nt 

to  view  ail  the  avenues  between  ti       ..  .  Vovl  Diegia  c ad 


see  if  any  ui  tiie  ►:?puuianis  were  out  tlia:  ^\'ay.  The  (.reueral 
aL-'O  sent  the  same  time  an  Ensign  and  40  'Men  of  his  Regi- 
ment to  tlie  rab.iiett(»  Hut,  in  order  to  Launch  a  Boat  that 
was  ashore  there.  In  tiie  evening  July  Returned  to  tlie 
Camp,  having  come  in*  w  itli  the  two  herds  of  Cattle,  near 
50  head  in  each,  and  iniit-d  :-l  ot  [oi'in.  On  tlie  'lOth,  in  the 
morning,  llie  (-renerahs  party  Returned  from  the  Pahnntto 
Hut  to  tlie  Camp,  having  ]'•-.■  •  -  ueant,  Corporal,  and  3 
Men,  who  deserted  wlrile  the\-  i  herefrom  the  head  of 
the  Command,  with  their  arms  and  aceoutremen.ts.  upon 
which  ('iA.  Vanderdussen  imu;-d  iaidv  dispatched  an  Ex- 
:*r-'-.-  :>■'  '''.!•'! 'hna  with  the  folio v\ing  Letter  to  the  Lieut. 

C-^^f^  St.  J>>Hy.'>.  linrh  July,  17-10. 

Stk  :     ^■''■:.^..-^i:-v  'li'  *^^'l^a••d  m      i:-v)f  * 

TicJh-e.     I  'i^        ■."->a  vn!;  si;!id  mv  'K-d-,;-r^  v/ii.ir  1  am 
-  -'■■•/■]  as  r----ii,E'.  I'i'r  our  [''-■y'':-  irrow  very  Si.;kly. 
j  am  your  ILjnor'-  iiiost  huiid/ie  S^u'vaut, 

ALEaAXDER  xlvxderdussex. 

In  th»/  Evening  th(-  partv  whicii  Col.  \'anderdus^t;n  had 
sent  out  the  day  bc-torc  K,.  [urned  iiit'*  r):«:-  Camp.  In  the 
Night  M^  n  1:1  .]*e  of  tlie  ti-neniL-  U'  :X at  deserted. On 
the  21  st"^  the  Oenerar.-^  Men  threareia-d  to  -o  away  in  whole 
parties  if  tliev  were  not  <;arrietl  Rack  :  olili^^ed  to  Imbark 
them  all  in  iIk-'  IX'i-r; i U'^.  E:ve'.-r>t  his  Boilv  ^-uurd.  and  -.-vj-d. 
them  over  to  St.  George"-  Ela:.!*].  fLaan  wiienee  lie  ■aaiered 
them  to  go  to  Frederiea.  ■  'Ju  ihe  --']  in  the  Moi-nbia,  '':e 
GeneraVs  [Regiment.  1  a.  a, Struck  their  Flag  at  ]•'  "^a 
Xeaa'L^e,  mareiied  ott  toward-  L!;>-a  ;a  .a.    ^  '^Ai'[:'A  ' '      y  ^"- 

*  App.  No.  lol.  I        .  N  ..       au..l  I  App.  '.a. 


to  do. 


110 


uur  Liuiic.  eruour,  iiud  tiie  arrival  of  AValkor's  6c[iu«jn.cr 
(fearing  she  might  pass  by,  and  Expecriiig  to  iinci  him  at. 
Augustine,  fall  into  their  hands),  and  also  to  protect  some 
Men  wiiicli  tlie  General  sent  up  to  destroy  Pupa,  on  the 
!Siorth  side.  "^'In  tlie  Evening  July  came  into  the  Camp  \vith 
the  Indians,  and  gave  Information  that  they  had  met  with 
the  Tracks  of  several  Spanish  Indians,  vrliereupr  i:  -  -.vere 
ordered  to  keep  out  all  night,  and  th  ;  IN  .:*r.K-iii  t  •/.ider 
arms  (as  they  wore  there  e\yvy  Mov:.  ..:  ..»'..;.-;:.:  ;..  ihr 
morning.  On  the  23rd  the  Iv  ■■\--j<  according- iy  under 

the  u'oods^  and  found  .  r.n 
had  been  at  the  Cree/ 

saw  none  of  them.     l.    .  ;      ^.  _ 

ordered  aboarvl    fOn  .        \\i  li-  M.^iN^v.,,,  r.e 

■  'reek  Indians  that  woi^'  •      -  -         '  • 

ordt^r  to  make  thai  naii'jii  i;     :i  "  ..i.'N.  - l  l;.:-!  iJ'i  -  ■.  :d 

them  with  Letters  to  tii-  ^ i\:  ri:-U:       :                :^  . 

cis  and  St.  Mark's,  giviji^            .baiTi.  ju^r  ai;;V,i^u::  .  ■] 

that  had  happened,  and  ir-  v  Sr.  Ro-ana  h;;id  p.  :d 

that  ".-'  .  ■  ^'^  :  ;  \\-aMiiaJe  tli  ^-"''^  ^  Pro- 
visio!!-    .  L        L  ;:''ur  in  the  (;i-:N.ahd  a-.  :-,:)i;^i-d 

him  that,  in  Case  the  War  ^.'oiuiiiued,  it  would  be  v>.  rv 
necessary  to  have  more  Indirui-  r.-f  rii-ir  L'arty.    The  }den 
whom  the  General  had  -"nr      -h-troy  F<.!rr  Puixi  ■  ' 
Rctarne'l,  (_'ul.  Wuiduriii;--  :;.  ■      .-.n^^-i       hi-  Reii-u-a;:; '  >ni 
board  the  Carolina  (J raft  in  ur-'l-^r  v>  Ih.*turu  home.  I'li 
25th  all  the  Vessals  weighed  riuehor  r .»  .l-"     -r  tl-v  •■••u 
only  the  Province's  Schr>nner  an^I  a  lew  .■ib-r.-  'i-j-t  ov  ^  i 
tlie  2nlh  all  tlio  re?t  of  trie  \'essels  g-;     ^     o^      .<>  ■  r:"~ 
Bar,  and  having  joined  the  '•'li.  rs.  Col.  \'and^  i-i-.— 
sail  with  the  whole  for  St.  Simon's,  in  order  to  Sappiy  ii;  ■m 
with  Water  thure  (that  at  St.  John's  being  Scarce  tir  to 


*  App.  No. 


f"  App,  No.  1l;4, 


Ill 


i-'i'iiik ;,  aiul  also  to  take  in  the  (.ruiis  which  had  been  Sliip})ud 
off  at  Anastiiiia  on  board  some  of  the  General's  A^essels. 
On  the  27th,  at  -i  in  (he  afternoon,  all  the  \\\ssels  arrived  at 
the  Cauip  at  ►St.  Sinion^^,  where  they  found  the  Tartar,  Man- 
of-AVar,  and  C\>I.  Vanderdussen  Received  by  the  Scout  Boat 
the  following  Lecrer  and  orders  from  our  l.ieut.  Governour: 

CiiAKLESTOWN.  lUth  July.  1740. 

*.SiR :  I  licrt-witii  seiid  you  a  Copy  of  the  Resoluiiort  of 
the  General  Assenildy  in  Relation  to  the  Forces  employed 
in  the  pay  of  ihis  Province,  to  a<-ist  in  the  P]xpedition 
against  St.  Augustine.  By  whi-'li  v<ju  will  that  I  am 
desired  to  give  orders  for  the  Innno.lLde  Heturu  of  the 
Forces  under  your  Commau'i  in  the  p;.iy  of  tliis  Provijice. 
I  do  therefore  hereby  order  and  direct  that  you,  with  all 
convenient  speed,  do  Emljark  in  the  A^essels  and  Boats  be- 
longing to  and  in  the  [niy  of  this  Province  tlie  Troops  uu'.ler 
your  Command,  with  the  Carn.L....  -mal,  :■!•;; is  and  ammu- 
nition, and  other  Warlike  ^t^sre-.  ^  Present*,  ece., 
belonging  to  this  Province,  ai-  i  lo  ;  -he  Best  of  y<>ur 
way  to  Charlestown,  to  wfdch  place  i  wisi!  you  a  good  pas- 
sage and  safe  arrival. 

I  am  Sr..  your  most  affec't  humble  Servant, 

WILLIAM  BULL. 

(,)n  the  2Sth  Colonel  Vau<lerdussen  landed  all  his  men  at 
St.  Simon  s  to  Refresh,  them.  The  same  day  the  General's 
troops  arrived  there  from  St.  Au'lrew  s.  Col.  ^"anderdussen 
sent  the  following  Letter  to  our  Lieut,  (rovernour  : 

St.  Simon's,  2;^rli  July,  1740. 

'"Sir:  In  my  last  by  Mr.  Stone  T  gvve  \;our  honour  ac- 
count of  the  Desertion  of  the  Gonei\dS  p-.-Mplo.  The  n-xt 
day  after  that  they  Threaiened  to  go  iwj\-  i,-,  ;  M  ties  if  they 
were  not  carried  Back,  whi'  "    ^      ^:  L^mbark  ihem 

all  before  Night,  and  orders    Ci-i.i  to  Li  •L;iica.    I  stayed 
there  3  days  afterwards,  waiting  for  your  Honour's  < orders 
*  App.  No.  i:->5.  t  App.  No.  lo6. 


132 

and  the  arrival  of  Walker's  fcciiooiier  (lest  he  sliould  have 
passed  by  and  fallen  into  their  hands  at  Augustine,  expect- 
ing to  r]nd  us  there;,  also  to  [)rotect  those  men  that  v/ere 
sent  up  by  the  General  to  destroy  Pii}ni.  As  soon  as  tl.sey 
arrived  I  imbarked  all  the  Forct':-  made  sail  for  this 

Place,  to  Supply  ourselves  with  W.'.i  •■u  at  our  Camp  at 
St.  John  s  not  being  fit  to  be  drriuk,',  and  likewise  to  take  in 
the  Guns  that  had  been  •  1  tor  this  place  on  board 
some  of  the  General's  \".  -  .  i  L:.j reived  your  Honour's 
orders  yesterday  by  the  Scon*  l^ru  tVw'  my  hnmediate  rt-rurn 
with  th'   ■  \V      -       :  :  ~  ..  r^,  ^j';.  p.  ev- 

ince 01  ■  ■     :    ^"■"■^'■\'  ■  .    :  ■  .       ^  • :  .  y  V. 

eeution.    I  L.;^  ^-  :  .  .      .        y  ■  \  -.ii 

boar-l    [,');r^-irr'~    SluOi-   l -  ^it  th.em  un  b';ariJ  of  i'l^ui 
Tyrrol  wlit-n  T        -^'.-d  a  hrjtter  from  thtf  <iem.'rai  fi^-ni 
Frederiea.in  wh-  .       iinswert-d  that  to  him  die  i.»ein.i-  >i<-k! 
in  order  to  C'oii^ult  wuii  m^-,  a-  iie  -aid,  ^i:-^;  [\e 

ti)  lii'iii.  iiA'i  ue-rU't'' -I a  W'juIvl  j^iw^ji'V'.  .  m  -  j.o^ih 
to  deliver  5  more  .1: " '  pounders  he  laid  on  board  uf 

him,  and  was  then  \yii\  j:  at  i.'i-derica;  to  winch  he  answered 
that  he  would  not  lei  me  have  them,  haviuij:  no  (diiM- 
protect  that  place,  and  would,  theretbre,  entei-  a.  Prot^-Tt.  ib»r 
wiiicli  [a'rpo-'O  lie  lu;-  "  :or  Col.  <Jook.  \Ndio  is  upon  Cum- 
berland. A-  liiose  Gviu.-  are  on  board  of  A^_^s-els  belonii-ing 
to  himself,  it  \»  ill  net  be  in  m}'  Power  to  brinu;  them  away 
without  orders.  I  hope  i 'y  u:?-morrow  night  to  have  all  the 
Ves>t:l.-:  WcUered,  and  -ludl  ::ail  the  Xext  <.lay  tbr  (;orudii.L, 
and  in  the  meantime  I  Pemain  your  Honour's  most  liuiiiide 
Servant, 

ALEXANDER  X^AXDEPDCSSEX. 

On  the  ord  August,  the  Regiment  being  reimbarked.  all 
the  Vessels  set  Sailfrom  St.  Si-;. ■■>ii-.  ]i;.vme  b-^  u  ACe  d. 
by  Contrary  winds,  to  .lait  into.  Savannah,  where  r!;:  v  [jy 
from  the -3111  to  the  12fii,  r.u  xi-  li]rh  they  all  ''ri^ 
at  Charlestown,  Id  Men  having  conie  b-ack  le--.  lu,  -  .  :« 
out,  Viz  :  7  died  of  the  Flux,  1  of  the  tiuinzy,  4  By  duAr- 


113 


ent  accident?,  1  (a  New  England  Man)  deserted,  and  1  (an 
Irish  Man*  sliol  ior  attempting  to  de^^ert.  But  as  it  pleased 
God  not  a  }dan  of  the  Regiment  having  been  killed  by  the 
Enemy. 

Thus  your  Commiitee  have  made  a  faithful  XiiiTiMive 
to  the  House  of  the  manner  in  wliich  the  Exptdui'm 
agiiinst  St.  Augustine  was  conducted,  in  wlhcli  that  the 
Hou^e  might  have  the  fullest  '    •  'Me.  they 

have  not  onutted  the  Transa-zM  ;  ..  .  y  ■  ;.•  [ay  ;  iiat  hath 
come  to  their  Knowledge.  .  ::'.nv  davs  which  cjiiiain 
only  thi...,-:         may  a;.;  ^-  r    .    :  . 

T  i  ,  '  ■  I        ,         ,    ■  .  .  -        .  .  ,  .  ■         :  , 

^i,       .  ■  -    —       ■         ■       ■      .  .  A  I' 

CoUi:-     ■  •              ■  "        ■  ■    ■  ■  '       ,    :    .  !  '  ill!        ^^  ^'i 

of  ifietS,  llicy  ]UV[-'  V  -     i>\  '    '  -  ■  ■  .  ,  [:-■■/[  li 

furth-r              r  ■                           i  .  v:t 

to  th.,  I'    ,  -      ^  ...  -:d 

mooi,  •  'y  ■  ■  ■  '     ■                    -     '  '      '  ■  -  -     "  ■  - 

niw-t  J:/-;   ■                                         '  :  '        ■  •    ,  -1 

thn/  adv;^:::.^.:  •  .  ^  ,  ,  ■  '  ■  i  . :  .  -  ■  d 
itself  with   v...    l-.:y  .^'i'. 

They  \vill  also,  \\  '      ■■  ri;Li'di  bv  vir-,-  ;  ^  .  .  li 

ob-vi'V-' - ■  ;r'                      ;  ;:      ;  -  .        u.  ii;'. :  ■  ;  a 

\y:.:,    .     .      .            .                   ■  /    •„  '  v,;,  provi' ;ms!   .  to 

observe  that  as  liiov  are  i^-^:              ;  :  '  ■  -       rh      '■'  't-t 

whatever  the  Ku.c-  of  ^'hicli  are  not  ibund/l  -^^^i'  ^;;  b' 
fb;cison.,  so  y^jur  b\:>niiniir!--,  luiikiiig         '^'^  'b  ::  ';f 

di:aL^'!"!r  i'l  ::  j>  .b!  ^jijN-bb;  !    .'b-i         ri;  .v  ■■-:,!•: 

'tliey  I'lave  a  bbght  to  do)  fr!:-:by  ^b-cu--  aM^i  b^]-ia.  k  -a 
Steps  which  have  be^ai  abaai  ia  b--  fba  ;'b  a^  -  ^jciU 
to  them  Repttgnant  thLr*.:a-.  ^    :  c....::  :  iir-b;^ 

taking  notice  lirst  of  one  or  two  >.>.■•:)-  vibali  taken  bv  the 
fbav: :  '  y  '     to  tins  Goverii  •        '   \  ^' a      '  '     bv  baa 
toa.r-i^.      ,ai  Expedition,      ;  ,.  :a.^  -  uiby  :i'A.-..uL: 

about  it,  yet  drew  after  ttiem  a  Consequence  of  the  Utmast 
8  " 


114 


Impori:aiice  aUerv\-ardri  lo  die  Success  thereof.  The  one  was 
his  Landing  in  Florida  (as  bn'h  Injon  ob^-erved  that  he  ad- 
vised our  Lieut.  Goveruour  f  'i  Dficember),  upon  some 
Spaniards  having  .Kilh?d  iwu  ui  nis  People  upon  Auielia 
Island,  and  purs'^i: ^  vritliin  a  few  nnles  of  St.  Augus- 
tine, where  the  i.  -w  with  him.,  Killed  one  iiogro. 
Mu-t  ri'=i  this  action  ha  v..-  ui  v.  '  <  :  to  the  Gover- 
uour of  that  place?  W  -  ■•  •  .  ,  .•••n  so 
Sleiidc-r  an  occasion,  to  :]ac- 
niy's  Coui^rry  at  a  time  when  lie  \v.  ;  -  ,  ,  ^  .  ;  :u  an 
Invasioi:  '  ' 
erven,  ri.      :  . 

arv  •■  ^  "  "  ,  .    _   -    .      ■  '.ai 


or 


-1  Exr 


AU; 


uiil  . : 


'.'^  Th^:-  u-)Vi;-rnour  of  Sr. 

■  '     ■iduiiiL;;  'i  ■  '  ■: 

■  .  Ui  iiii mediate  Su:  ;.: y  .:.f 
:..  u      bim  to  :.o:.:u 

;e  o!'  lb '    ^  "b:-  a  ■-apply 

b  ikbl  'ioiii';-.  wliicil  lo.^'o.- 
live,  "lo^.lMvevl  tiic  a,'r;ii- 

ibu   ^.b-:;'.-.  :;ob   lvu[/t  b^.'m 

b    '       ^-  '     '    voLir  bumii' iuee 


A.f 


got  cu  tne 


pears  to  yuur  L 


ii  Kciauraiuarv. 


ol)?erveibat  in  the  verv  first  Letter,  dated  '27th  September, 
which  he  wrote  to  the  Lieut.  Governour  upon  the  ;¥ubjei;t  of 
this  Expedition,  he  presses  his  I-Ionour  tluit  they  might  begin 
witii  the  Siege  of  St.  Augustine  before  more  Troops  arrived 
tliere  from  Cuba.  Ought  ]}e  then  to  have  taken  any  one 
step  thaf  couhi  be  supposed  sufficient  to  put  the  Goverriour 
of  that  place  upon  sending  for  Succours?  Thougli  the 
mind  being  long  Entei-tained  with  something  different  from 
what  it  Expected,  and  carried  away  Lisensibly  by  a  scene  of 


action  from  its  It rst  object,  is  ap^ 
Committee  think  it  in  a  ii.. 
House  of  the  footing  upon  wb  ^ 
tine  was  Engaged  in  by  thi- 
tiiat  any  meml)<;r  of  this  Hon--;  . 
sudden  attaek  was  to  be  made  uv 
carried  upon  ;  •        -  -  ;  - 
the  Castle,  th  ,  r     .  ; 

Keep  out  any 
and  dependence 
then  to  iav  S^■:■ 


■h- ,:f  if  vet  vr.-r 


It  :  a  ^  : 
If  U. 


\\  L-re 


'lacco. 


a  thing  of  tii. 


th 


e  pre  I 


tion. 

Cmv:.      f      ■       r  .  . 

a  thing  shouki  be  'v  r 
a.ny  one  unacquaiiK^:.,;  W:-': 
rative  which  your  Comn. :        .  i 
the  Expedition,  could  not  po-sii; 
^udden  atteniv-  ■  - ,  • 

;i  greed  upon.  . 
the  time  the  General  left  C:i:  r 
■l:xv  vhen  he  showed  himself  •  ■ 
g; Inline,  every  step  he  took,  ev-- y 
ifestly  to  alarm  the  place  betV^re 
-  irprise  upon  which  our 
As  soon  as  ever  he  g<:>t  jLiHi- / 
appointed,  where  he  had  ag 


I'lndt 


.11.:     ■  " 

[  in  K:: 
it.  nor  .-^ 


liand  in  Cas.. 

'  of  ■  ;    ■  ^  : 

: ii.it  anv 


'le  tbrct-s  ih: 


s-.u;!l 
1  and 

f:v-:J 

.  Aii- 
:;ian- 


tli  the  Diiitr<jii; 


IIG 


monds  to  Concert  Measure'^,  l>efore  the  Commodore  of  liis 
Ma;e>ty's  Ships,  before  CoL  Vaiidevdusseii,  that  had  tlie  chief 
Command  of  tlie  Carolina  Forces,  or  any  other  field  officer 
of  either  Regiment  arrived,  tliere  he  passes  directly  over  St. 
John's  River  into  Flori  '  'it  men  he  only  had,  then 

•marches-  away  about  25  mi'.-  :  -■  '■'  •■■-r-^'  '"•  St.' A u. ecus- 


tine  from  thence),  to  attack 


t  u|>on  a 


O'nrnen 'within  about  20  miles  of  St.  Augustine,  which  having 
been  Surrendered  to  h"  :  ■  •  ■•w  article- 
weeks  xvj->v^:  'viHi  as  SI.".'-'   -  . 
but  Se:v ;  .         Partie  :     -  : 
and  parties  back  to  St.  Juhn  - 
chi-'--  '  •,  -     ■  n-  •v.. 

frequent  opportunity  of  yv:;;- 


pends  about  3 


font  ca; 

hiiv,-  - 


:•  :••'=■' IV 1  liim  and  Retirt.^d. 
he  had  -       ■  '  .  "    '   '  : 
which  t:.  ■ 

of  tl:   ~  :   r.'i-      ■  ■•-    :     -   .  :  . 

Leuers,  it  ^-  -  v  .  :  ;  \  . 


-  .  :    ^     -^  -\/.:..-  -^Lh--  hi:.i:-:-l:  v.  ri. 
;    :  :  ;  -       _  ,        tiiat  G;-'  :  j 

h-;.,  :    ^   •:       .  .      „;..     '    '  ■     kr.    i  .  . 

I,  : .--  :    .    "  - ;    v.     -  ;   .  .  .  ^  .    .  dn:  v^k.  ^ 

Sr.  Auga-tir-f.  and  on  the  2iid  JiiMf,  '■-■U'V'c  day,  h:ikt;d 
wii;-'-;  J  ■    '  -  '    \" .    -\  iiumi)er  ~  ■ 

tiien  it  wa- -••"';:' •  ,  ,  i  ~.  :         .  i 

to  r  '  .  .   :    .  ■     ^  -.I.C 

this  mifeimer  onlv  ri>  .  '.ndi:-'!  : 

not  so  much  as  carry  a  mortar  \\v  .  ;.  ral  scarce  any 

ammunition  or  Provi-'-    -  :  '      '   •■  ir\- ■.].:■  y.  :■ ' 

the  ii:iost  Knowledge  ot      -  ^  ij..:v\  o-iwicd  I'j         -  ;-  :.:.-'  v.: 


117 


men  and  to  go  in  and  burn  the  town,  the  General,  in  a  vnofii 
iinuizing  manner,  telis  him  That  it  was  too  Hazardous  an 
action,  that  he  Knew  wliat  to  do ;  that  it  wa.>  tlie  eu^rom 
of  armies  always  to  shovv  iJiemselves  to  the  '  "  iirst  and 
to  make  a  Feint.  Your  Committee  are  reoi;_\  ,.i  a  Locs  for 
word^  to  J-]xpres<  th-'ir  >ense  on  this  occasion.  What,  did 
the  General,  nev.  ■  • '  .;')re  ho^v   ■;■;/,::'  '         :,'s  action 

■was  to  be, -or  if  he  aid.  laid  thought  ic  '  '  ' 

'lid  he  lead  this  Government  into  so  gr^.-.  .  ;  :  ^  i.  --  , :;  - 
pense?  Did  not  every  man  that  went  from  this  Province 
go  voluntarilv,  with  the  1'  '         ;g  such  a 

Hazard-'     M''):^^  -■--I  -  •  fi^.^n  a 

whole   I'.  ._,        :  ■    -    —  ■        ' '1 

acrion  ?    Your  Commitui'e  ar^'  .  - -= 

and  r,-:'-:  ■/  ■         •'  -'i':-  ■  \    ■  '  \        ■  -'t 

recc;  " : .  .  -   ...  -  -  '  ■ '  v 

Inr--;         -  ■  ■        n  r.  ,  .   .       -  ^  -  ..-^ 


alreadv  given? 


hv  til'.-  I  d' Oi  De~ci-[ci 

tiie  Inlia;;, in  CVise  of  an  :.; 
Oiiv  men  w-re  D-'-irous  to  or:- 
time  tli^''  .  mach 

they  were  nc\  '.•(■  iii    -  -  \         :  : 
wards,  and  whar     ve.-^'  ■ 
well  tlie  B  •■;  . 
pediii        ;\.  :    : . 
prop.-:-  1  ^ 

it.         iI:^'.V.;.   ,.V  , 

steps,  great  as  tii-\ 
afterwards,  tho  in  anr/tner 
take  notice  of  the  other  d) 
the  Expedition.     It  hatli 


irr.i'-"  riLar  in  tlie 


1  I..:  r^r.  -lA:y 


a 

■Vi- 
:0 

l-d 

.a 

■  i  ■  - 

.-o 
i  le 


.dv  that 


the 


lis 


Geueral  left  the  place  of  Rendezvous  before  the  Commodore 
or  Col.  Vandorda-seu  got  to  it,  so  that  nothing  was  Con- 
certed between  the  Ditterent  Commands  at  the  first  setting- 
out,  and  it  appears  by  the  Examination  of  the  Colonel  and 
the  Li.  Colonel  of  the  Carolina  Regiment,  that  the  General 
never  called  any  one  Council  of  War  during  the  vrhole  Ex- 
pedition afterwards.  Nay,  the  most  Important  step  he  took, 
and  which  proved  the  most  fatal,  that  is  his  leaving  the 
Main  and  going  otf  to  tiie  Island  Anastatia,  he  did  not  make 
Known  to  the  Colonel  till  after  he  was  actually  embarked, 
notwithstanding  that  h  ;     d:\y       :  .  • 

upon  some  other  affair,  aiiu  ar..-  '•  •-'••re  (.  via- 

manicate  by  Letter  to  Lit-ut.  r  .  .  'Ution  of 

going  on  board  a  Man-  Yet  ii     '/oservable  that 

that  Gentleman,  in  •  '  '  '       :--en,  says 

the  G^-iioral  had  L.-.         .  .  .  :  .4  ^^f  liis 

Ex[;edirion.    Avery  Ex  v   ■  .  ' 

is  Considere^l    '         '  -  -  ; •• 


uition.1,  ana  wno-   ;  ■  ■   -  ,    .       ,  vi  v-i^,- 

(v;     ,:■;;.]•         .  ~      .    ;     -   ■  '  -   ■  '        .         1  ■   ■  •  .  i 

t.:  .    .  :  -    ^.   .  '  •         ■  •  :^     .  .  ■    ^  a 

I  .  ■  .  .  winch  ■  ^:  ^  ::.g 

St.  AuLra^riu'j.  ■.  .  ..    ■  "f  their  ^len,  If  the 

Genera;,  would  land  a  Is  j  :.  I  •      ■     - -  [uenceof  \v'hich 

beseems  to  '  ■  'con  oi..-  .  ■  ■  iiat  tho'  they  \s-^oe 
the  best  Ju  : ■  .^t  v/a-  I.  .  :  -  ■  r.-  -o  s!<.M3  all  Comiii'oii- 
cation  by  s^:  .:  .\'ea.;i  !'"o^y  :iO  ;0L-        allowed  o>  oe 

Jud::-  ■       ''-'[idt  was  i'uo,  'Oirds  iL^-  ; 

tion  ui  u.e  place,  and  L  iiOve  :ao  :  ..■[ 

preferred  the  opinion  of        .  ^  o:     '  :  .     '■  . 

when  the  General  found  himseir"  Embarrussed  on  the  Isiand 
and  everything  was  at  a  stand,  tiiere  was.  by  Col.  V  ■.  \  v- 
dussen's  means,  a  sort  of  accidental  Cont'erence  bei\ 


*  App.  No3.  25  an<] 


119 


General,  the  Commodore  himself  and  the  Captains  of  the 
Men-of-\v  pr  then  on  shore,  wherein  the  General  did  ^-o  so 
far  as  to  ask  tliem  what  was  to  be  done  in  the  present  Sirii- 
ation  of  affair-',  the  Rc.-nlt  of  which  hath  been  Laruely 
related.  And  afterwards,  when  the  Men-of-War  were  auout 
to  leave  liira,  he  writes  to  Col.  Vanderdussen.  30th  Jnne,  to 
give  him  his  advice  what  were  the  best  measures  to  be  talker, 
in  Case  the  Gallies  should  not  be  attacked.  But  this  seeras 
to  have  been  calculated  only  for  his  beincr  Justified  in  doing 
what  he  then  intended  to  do  in  Case  the  Colonel  should 
advise  him  thereto.  For  wlien  the  Colonel  Vanderd.u-sen 
afterwards,  in  his  Letter  of  the  4th  July,  iiad  told  him  that 
he  did  not  apprehend  their  Case  to  be  s l^ad  a-  to  leave 
their  a  flairs  in  the  manner  lie  had  s;u  .•:  advised 

him  in  what  manner  to  Contmn  General, 

, .  '  '  ^  '  '  •    ■  ■ 

weight  :  \  .:  but  ai  ^  ,  ■    :  - ::  .  ; 

to  bring  ori  che  Troops,     'i:^  .  li-aiig.:  l.  ui 

of  St.  John's,  was  followed  b\'  V  -  i^-rrn;.  ;    .  The 

distance  from  thence  to  St.  A '  -  -  i 

about  45  miles,  and  the  Road  .so  ijad  tiiataiit-r  :  :.,  ^  - 
Cau^'vv-  with  mucli  Laiv:.;?  r^v^^v  C]'^-r-l:<  -m;,]  Ahii--.'  ■  ,  u 
iii  :o  draw  alon.  '  '         iie  w:?-^  ^ 

obliged  to  leave  it  on  the  way  ;  \v\i>:\-i'a<  the  Jistani-  mi 
Picolata  to  St.  Augustine  appears  to  have  been  3 
miles,  and  the  Road  very  good.    At  that  place  the  f=  . 
tis  well  known  to  your  Committee,  was  advised,  wheu  ue 
was  here,  by  those  who  were  acquainted  with  it,  r  -  '  .1 
his  forces,  and  it  appears,  by  the  Examination  of  C.':_>.-;1 
Barnwell  that  lie  had  not  foru'ot  tliat  advice,  but  did  w^-z 
approve  of  it.  l<..st  the  leaving  siglit  of  the  niOii-^-:- • ' 
sliould  discourage  his  ]nen.     Your  Committee  Can  ■  . 
enough  apprehend  that  the  leaving  sight  of  the  mon-ce  /  .-r 
<ni  a  Ri'treat  might  discourage  men.    But  they  can't  con- 
ceive' how  it  was  possible  that  a  short  separation  from  men- 
of-war,  which  they  knew  to  be  near  at  hand,  and  in  no 
danger  at  that  time  to  be  Blown  oti'by  bad  weather,  Should 


dkcourage  men  that  were  going  to  act  otiensively,  uor  can 
they  think  there  was  any  prudence  in  the  General  preierring 
a  march  or  45  to  15  rniies  in  so  warm  a  cUniate,  and  at  Such 
a  Season  of  the  year,  and  where  beside  rlie  want  of  water 
very  Liitle  was  to  be  had.  The  time  tiie  men  were  Em- 
ployed in  Consec|nence  of  this  Step  in  being  obHged  to  fetch 
Provisions  from  tlie  Craft  '25  miles  at  a  time  on  their  Backs 
was  very  Considerable,  and  the  men  vrert-  soon  excessively 
fatigued  in  doing  thisjogether  with  other  niarclies,  so  that  it 
is  not  to  be  Imagined  they  were  fit  f>r  n-rs^ii  'virh  an  eonal 
number  of  fresli  men.    Ttis  ^hln:  .       :  : 

the  Supply  of  Pr<.  -  '  ■'  -  ■  '  '  V'  -A;.- 
gustine  received  wi..i  ;  .        ■  ,      ^     :  ap- 

peared betbre  it,  the  place  wiis  still  iii  ;  -  of 

more,  which  was  ;:•  ■  - 

there  was  any  aA    ;       '      :      -  ;  : .    .  '  : 

what  came  in  th^  -        .\    ■  \' 
200.    If  then  the  Gon  ;  .  '  \  ,  -  :  :  ■ 

attaC-ic : '  .,;  ■  ;  ■  ■  -  ^     ■     .  :  "    " :  ^  . :   •      '     ./  ■ 

anysupply.^:  L^^^--;..:,  ,.-/,vS,,,.ci-->  ■ 
ensued.        -  A''-^,   ,  ;  -      ■  lu^'i-'M,  ^r-a-^v  r..^ 

ernour,  in     ■;  ■.:  i-,>  Li;^  \"  v-:  lu^fiu  at  St. 

acknowlt-.^:^.;']  i:.-  ivul  i.iii;  ^>  da\--  l/LO\ision- '  . 

andh-  ■  ■  ^      ■  :.  ■  .  -  ,  A.. '  !•  v.  ,     Instea  :  .  _ 

this.  .  i;.-'  \\.    .        A' i^-M  ;:i;lRlier,  1.^. 

wh:.       ^jwn  Regiment  anda:;-^!;.r  l'''>      i;  uis  on  bo:.:  : 
men-oi'-war.  leavin.2:  Col.  \'ande;  wirii  the  ('  :  '  ■  : 

Regiment,  then  at  Point  Q:i.-irrv.:  >  .■  .'.r.  Col.  Cook,  ^^'.  h 
about  50  men  in  Garri--  -n  at  ..  ::^[  l-:''>  men,  vrljites 

and  Indians,  on  their  > birch.  Artillery,  a  Sergeant,  ;u;d  a 
tew  men  at  the  Palmetto  Hut.  to  take  care  of  wliat  • :  - -  he 
had  Lt- ft  there ;  about  50  men  in  <.rarrison  ax  l  .^i-."_  and 
133  men,  whites  and  In<lians,  on  their  ^^hirch  to  Retake  Fort 
Moosa,  alarm  the  Spaniards  in  .\n.i;usti.n<\  an.d  lUockade 
them  on  the  Main.  This  I>eiag  the  Disposition  of  the  Forces, 
havinsc  with  the  addition  of  200  Seamen,  al-o  Landed  and 


121 


liva''!-;  :t  ^'on<|.uost,  a.-?'  lie  calls  it,  of  tlip  Island  Anastatia 
(w  here  dioro  was  not  a  man  to  oppose  liim  ),  after  a  ^^rt-at 
delay  2  Batteries  are  Raised  opposite  to  tlie  Town  and  Cas- 
tle, and  a  great  many  sludls  thrown  and  pounders  hrt-Ml. 
But  the  distance  snch,  all  to  no  purpose,  tiie  shot  but  Just 
go  a-Cro--  -i'^  IM'-     the  Sh;^--^  i-  1^  short  or  Burst 

in  thp  an.  ■  1:1  v en  )r  .        f  a  Bell  wiien- 

ever  any  are  thrown,  the  P<;'>[ae  h  ■  n  . 

and  the  sii^'  ■ 

itants  are  i  ,  .  .  . „  .  : 
Cattle.  '  The  Batteries  are  .  ;••  ■\,    A  hy  the  E\\v::ius":-  -s.-  ■  ■■ 

of  no  ,  :     '  ■  -  ■ 

Ge!i;-r-  ,  ,,  , 

ni.  ^  -  ■ .  -  ■  ■  ,     ,  . 

G:-:-  -  ;.  ^  I.  ... 

t:> _ _  .  .         •       ...  ■  ■ ,-  ,  .  ,     ,  . 

ini;  -  :  '         '     '      .  -    ^    ^      ■  :  ;  .   r    [    n.  -     /  of 

Li;  '..     ■  '  . 

anu  ;i :    '         ^.  ■  ^  ^    .  ■ 

cation  ■  .  ^  ;     ^   :  >  ■  ^ :  -  - '  K  ;  \,  .   ^  ,  ■ 

Ch  -     •  .    .  .  •      ■         n'  ..^       ,    -  -       :  : 


wr:  ■  L  .  ^    '4  nie  j  •  :i':.>i  ei'ii : 

Si'  -  .  .  -  '  '  niusiivi;  ■      rr  '  r\i-:V  llllr  ._  -  ■ 

SOL.  ■  ■    .      "  .   "    ■  Oh?  ha\''-    a :    a  -  i  ■ 

port  a  I    .       • i'ai,      'Aaa  a.     ^--r' ;  ia-..  - 
seen  by  the  most    \  :  v  —  ui?o  la  ^  -       :  a,  a ^  a 

f(-rent  ti:)r'-  -  -  -'^^^  a- a  tiiii-ly    -         :  -^'a^  a:.-n  i 

in  Ca-e  =a'.;-.  ..n-:  i-:.  aaul  r..  ■  a  •■  ^ ':]]':vr-\  mla-h^  a.a/._ 
T:\r''.aa  "^h^ais  antl  hr*  a  ?'a_;.^a  r  r«">  le.-  [an  a  j>a  li; 

haih  a-"^    ^'^-^  ■  ^        -a'  -  ■  ^  '     '•      •      '  .at 

with  soi'r      ■],'■.  '-L  iairii.  ;•  ■;  '.^.---.a  '  -■r 

out  of  t-lie  Earth  in  Sonares.  and  Sn]>p.>sini^  even  rh-:.>  ■  i^a 
the  Battering-  cannon  a-  -id  at  tlau  .nee 

and  acro:^s  so  wiile  a  lv.i\a.-i  :     le  a  Breach  in  ni'"*^e 

Walls,  what  could  have  follow;  ,  -      out  to  Stand  and  Look. 


1-22 


at  it.  Xotvv'iil-jstnndina  this  ill  Conduct  of  the  General,  the 
Expedition  would,  in  aii  pr  "  ■•^-,l.lave  Succeeded  at  last 
I)}'  nieer  good  ibrtune,  the  a-ds  not  havino-  had.  the 

Spirit  to  attack  any  of  our  fcn'ues  under  all  their  disadvan- 
tages (for  those  wliich  attacked  tlie  party  at  Moosa  on  such 
in-iec|ua]  terms  were  Negroes  and  Fcrsarloes  and  Convicts, 
animated  with  the  Promise  of  Freedoni),  and  such  an  Iricli- 
nation  there  was  in  the  Garrison-Men  to  desert  that  it  seems 
4  were  Shot  at  a  time  for  attempting  to  '  But  the  last 

Blow  was  given  to  the  Success  of  th'-  1  ;  -  .:iion  in  a  verv 
Extraordinary  way  by  the  Con:'  ,  your  r 

mittee  calls  i  ,  -   -  : 

doreProiu-.  •  .  J 

v:)  give •  .  ,  .  -  ■ 

proposed,  and  rraid  i:  .  i..v  [[  r;,.  : 

Should  have  n<)  [^  Ilm        -  '     .  :  ^ 

-rMirairmont  thi-^  r;r,>T-vi;-,:.  .  ^,  ^     .  . 

tlicy  canuut  -  ■  -  : 

f'^i^-  '"'..Mdaci  ■         '   .  ^.         .     '   "  -.M^ 

i  r      :  I  he  h^i.:  .     ■  ...-^     .  • 

taken  Post  upon  i.-ii  -  .  ^ 

then  Present,  sig;    "      :   '        \:    .  '' 

Pilijt-,  it  was  their  •  ■  ■  ;  -  ,     :      ;  r 

than  the  oth    .h^];-,  :      i  : 

^fajesty's  ^liips  n  .  ;i  g    •  -.^ ^'i^^-iam:    .  v- 
ing  been  })ut  what  further  Service  they  <.'ould  do  to'v;u''.K' 
the  Reduction  of  St.  Au:.;'"'.-- ine,  it  was  ••       -       ■■  ■ 
General  besieged  thu:  1  and  w<'        ;    ^  ■  -.i 

at  Least  of  his  own  Re.^-imoiit,  they  won  hi  Lund  20*  >  ii;^  m  ro 
attack  and  t::k,>  P^.-^.      -       '  '  ,  in  -^rdt:;r  -  •  ■  [ 

ConHuunieation  Ijy  -      w.:-!:  \'"         :.  Lis^vcr  die  Ena 
-hips,  'till  the  Season  of  tlu;  Year  would  adroit  of  their 
Pf-turning.    It  ap]>«'ars  v-ory  odd  to  your  Committee  that 
the  ComUiOdore,  who  knew  so:welld;'    E      ■  ;  ' 

dition,  should  not  only  talk  of  a  Si-: ,        .  ,         -  . 


123 


to  draw  the  General  ofF  from  tiie  Main.  Your  Commit  tee 
are  sensible,  that  the  Commodore  told  the  Committee  of  Con- 
ference that  he  apprehended  it  not  Safe  for  the  Ships  to  lie 
upon,  the  Coast  in  July.  Yet  lie  was  assured  that  the  la-t 
Hurricane,  which  v.-  ;  '  ;  2nd  An^'ust,  172S  w;.i>  so 
early  that  it  was  C  .      :     Extraordinary  in  Poiai  of 

time.  But,  iiowever,  it  seems,  noon  Exarai nation  of  the 
Pilots,  it  wa'^  thouerht  his  Ma;  -  '  :  -  ■        1  run  the 

utmost  hazard  in  stayin.:  '  -    •  .  •  '  -  ^[^\\- 

early  declaration  prov..:  :  ,  •  .  ;o 

Surrender  of  St.  A;:  :  >  ■  - i 

Bishop,  who  i>::':  .         -.^  [ 

; ! ' : .        ■  ■■   ■  / ■      i  ■  ^  i'        _  a 

time  ro  eft-Ci  an^  -  ■  ■ ■    ^  ^  :    i ,  •  ' :  ^  •  : :  r  *;L ;  • 

rin-i  the  I  '-.^^  ^  ■  ■>  .  ■       :   :[     ,:  -  ^       \  :      -  e 

anv  as^i-  '  .  :.      H  ^  -  1, 

dm-:.-  :  >        ■  ^     '  ^      .  —    .  -         ■  ■ 

1:1-  A:        ~  " -U  ■  .  A  ;;  , 

upon  tm-   :  •  [    ~       V-  n-  .,..^:.]. 

on.  and  '    ■  ^  ■    .  _  -         .  ■  ' '  > 

Main  w::;_        i.  •      .        .  r  v 

propor^al  of  att^'-  kinLT  '  :    '    .      v  :  ,    -  , 

ashore,  r\  :  >  ^'r^-li-'.i  r^, 

attack.      i  i.^:'  ^.'^         ■  i:  ii.L'  A  v/;\l.       ...  ■ 

prised  tiiai  a  Th::<_       -    :    '  ^  ■        .i  ,  I 

on  without  his  know^:.  ,  l  •            h  •  ■    ■  ■  '  :i!j;aiu  t!:;^'  it 

'  -    '    1  "!  .       ,  ■    r       -    ■  17    ■  -  -  .    .  ^ 

there,  and  CoL  A'anderdussen  must  send  a.:      •  ■ 
Commo-;  :     '  -  ,  ,    ■  ■  '    '    !  he  can  -    •  :  - 

prise  wir:..      i  :■■  ^-v 

hazardous,  however  '   .     -  .  l'- ;ii.-ra:ion  of 


124 


the  Geutleineu  of  the  Sea  and  .  Land  service  on  shore  ;  they 
hiiving  had  a  Conference,  agree  that  the  f rallies  Shall  be 
attdcko'l,  [ir'jvi<h?d  there  i^  water  Enouuh  in  the  Swash  op- 
posite to  the  Castle  for  tlie  Boats  to  pass,  btit  at  the  very 
same  time,  on  the  2(3tli  June,  the  Commodore,  having  called 
a  Cor.neil  of  \\';i.r  ah  .)ard,  St*nds  a  Letter  ashore,  that  it  is 
Liipracticable,  without  assigning  any  Reasons,  and  Ln me- 
diately makes  a  signal  to  the  Phoenix,  which  lay  at  Matan- 
sas,  to  leave  tlie  siime  and  join  him,  altho"  deserters  from  St. 
Augustine  had  given  an  ^iccount  that  some  vessels  were 
expected  from  tlie  Ilavanna  with  Provisions,  and  thu'  he 
had  before  sent  the  Province  Schooner,  wliicb  was  bought 
by  the  Lieut.  Governouv,  on  purpose  to  lie  at  tlie  >iatansa-\ 
to  leave  tiie  same  and  join  him  u\  .  •  .  j: -tine  Bar 
to  protect  the  Craft.     T'\>--  ^  ■  .  ro  v.^'v^r 

Enougli  tor  the  Boats.  ' 

modore  and  acquaint>  iU  ::  iw  at  the 

same  time  relates  that  he  i.      -  -  l-'i'-  ■■  it 

the  ^lusquitos.  The  Co^::.:^  .  :  Is 
Colonel  A'anderdussun  that  he  can  give  him  no  turtlier 
assistance.  The  Colnii-i,  -  •  •  ;  •■  -  ;  ;■  ['  ]  ■  ho 
should  be  Left  in,  [^rop-  ■  -      .        '   ^  - -  f  h 

his  Majesty's  ships  and  send  them  over  to  .vr-is  Bar  to 
Secure  that  passage.    T: -  ■  .  it 

\<  L--':nved  they  shall  ia-  g"l  m  lac,,.:  "  .  ■  : -ic.  A  S^-Vi^ 
L;;-:eriy  wind  Itising,  and  the  Shi[^s  '  Slipped  th^ir 

Cables  and  put  to  Sea,  Col.  ■•dussen,  in  their  absence, 

proposed  to  tlie  * '  '  .  ■    tit  Icit  on  Shore  wirh 

the  Crew,  to  attacu  ^  .  ■  ^  ..as  him  his  orders  are 
to  attempt  nothing  in  his  absence.  On  tlicir  Beturn,  the 
Phcenix  and  Wolf  are  sent  to  Sound  tiio  Bur  of  the  Matan- 
sas,  and  their  Pilots  Rc|»ort,  v.[>-)]\  oath,  tiiat  there  is  not 
water  Enough  there  f  .»r  the  ^'r*  m)^,  thai  it  they  could  go  in, 
tht-y  co'uld  not  Lye  satb  ir<im  a  Idurricane,  or  tight  .more 
than  one  a!)reast.  if  attackc  :  U  is  Coiitradicted  in  every 
Particular  by  the  Wolf's  ;.  nt,  that  was  Present  at 

tlie  Sounding.  The  Cotn  :  .  notwithstauiling,  writes 
the  General  and  Col.  Vanderdiisseii  both,  'tis  Imnracticable 


123 


to  2-et  in  those  Sloop.s  over  tiie  Bar  oi'  ALitaiisas;  the  General 
t  lie  re  upon,  by  the  ('olonel's  de.sh-e,.  applied  to  the  Commo- 
dore for  the  200  Men  there  on  Shore  to  be  Left,  witii  ar. 
officer  of  their  own.  on  the  I^^hmd,  witli  the  C  arolina  K;.-u"i- 
ment.  till  the  Return  of  tlie  Sliips,  in  order  fo  inan  one 
Battery  on  the  South  side  of  the  Island,  to  guard  the  Pa>- 
-age  within  the  Matansa?,  and  d^^^ires,  if  that  eoukl  not  be 
done,  that  he  woukl  assist  to  Save  the  Arlillory,  witiiout 
which  it  was  In^Liossible  to  be  carried  oth  The  Commodore 
Iniving  held  a  Council  of  War-  thereupon,  it  is  declared 
that  the  Leaving  200  men  cannot  be  C;  '  'i.  and  no 

answer  is  given  whether  ;      :    '  'i;- 
gettingoff  the  Artillery.  .  ... 
got  into  Augustine  with  Provisions.     ^  ;  :i  are  all 

tal^en  off  the  Is'     '        '       "  „  f 

the  Arfillery,  th.  ■  . 

to  do  it,  and  all  the  Mei  ■  -  : 

Carolina  Station,  S'  '  .  ^ 

Can  anything  in  th'. 

are  now  the  i'^'Cni.    .     ■.  .  r, 
being  Landed  on  Aniislatia,  w<-    ,     ,  :  ■  .^i-  ■ 
of  the  Ships  ti''       '    P    ■      ■     :  ■  -    •  r 

They  have  foui,  ;  ■  •; 
I 'revisions  Enougli.  •  d 

the  rioet.    How  lur '      ;    '    .  io 

Limited  for  his  stay  Expired,  within  which  I'li:  •  la-.  •  a  n 
in  while  the  Province's  S=  ■  .  •  '  '.-h    >  n 

purpose  for  that  en  i.  v-^  •  ■  -  [   -    .    :  ' ,v: 

gusiine  Bar,  and  Lm  ,    -         :  Comminve 

beg  leave  to  observe  as  to  t lie  design  formed  n  arra--'.  .,e 
(Tidlie-.  riia'  it  \vm-  li-.  i         v..  ■  ^  ■  - 

10  have  been  very  Kaiionady  founded,  that  tlie  Seamen  un 
Sliore  (who  were  a  Com})any  of  brave  men)  m-Q  said  to 
have  discovered  the  greatest  Impatience,  as -well  a.s  all  others 
to  be  Engaged  in  it.  and  that  it  had'  all  tiie  Probability  uf 


1.26 


Success  which  a  thing  of  that  nature  couM  a-hnit  of.  But 
tho' all  otlievri  Seem  to  have  approved  of  tliat  Eiuerpri-o, 
the  Commodore  was  afraid  it  was  too  Hazardous.  Youi- 
Coinniittee  have  pointed  out  what  appeal's  to  them  to  l^c 
the  Principal  causes  of  tiie  ill  Success  of  the  Expedition,  and 
they  a])preheu'.l  it  to  be  very  Clear  upon  tlie  wliole,  that 
Neither  the  General  nor  the  Commodore  have  taken  ariv 
proper  or  Vigorous  Step  towards  the  Reduetion  of  St.  Xu- 


.{irustine,  or  done  what  they  eni'M'.r-  d  d---..  r-^-.^l  ^h  •refore 

they  are  of  opinion  tiiat  this  G"  ...;'Mitly 

misled  by  both.     Some  Ex.-         :  —  p.t  of 

•  i  good  understanding  betwe-  ii  •  it  in 

this  nothing  is  to  bo  heard  of        i  .  =  \^               .is  to 

that  of  the  Carolina  Regimeiit,  not  only  the  ■  •riect 

obedience  appears  to  have  been     ^  '   '  i-sen 


to  all  the  G-r.^-;d--  <.nh  -^.  ^.v^  ,  . 
iiim  to  pro!-  -  ,  ,  •  ■  -  ^  '  -.r 

things  to  aeiion  ;  a    :  ' 
Somewhat  the  more  Siiri'ii- 

0.11  but  more  than  he  asked         ■         '  .  :0 

Ri^ngers.  which  not  bL-in  ,.  ■  :  :       <^        '  r;;-  i;; 

as  he  himself  proposed,  :  ':  '  j  ;  >  ;  ^  -  f 
any  AddiM'i^:;-  S=-'vi-.'  •  ■       '      -       ,:       :  . 

missary  GeU'^i'al,  -  i-  v-d  i'\  '  - 

Service,  besides  2  Conu.'amvs  1:     ^  -  .  -  :  ■-  ;^  '  "  - 

10  Companies,  including  ofti  :  ;  -  .i  ]'•■:-  •'  i  .-  v 
Schooner  to  Eye  at  the  Matansas,  54 — A^duut-  vi-  ana  r;;,  ir 
Xegroes,  47 — L'ratt.  Viz  :  -  '  \  -  -  ■  ■  :  ->  ^  4  i 
the  Men-of-\\4u\  2"— l-i  -  :..     .  a  ,  ;. -4   a^  r  4 

which  4  to  carry  ■  4  ■  :  ■  -  4-  ^  •  i  . i ^  ir^-].,  i  :  i 
Ri»val,  each  of  which  had  ai  lea:-r  4  nn.u  wicii  arms,  iiod 
some  had  more),  4»;  ....  76  Sw  i    •  44  iw>x-  all 

attend  at  once).    The  Expense    ,  ^  :  ;i  th^? 

otiier  articles  iii  the  General's  Estimate,  and  :.•  niers 
adde<l  to  ttiem  afterwanl-.  •  ■     '        '■'  4^ 

Cash  paid,  besides  the  vu • '  .■■■■■■l 
many  othwr  Stores,  taken  oi:'.  '    .      .  and 


1:27 


by  tlie  Mearest  Coinpiitatiou  tbero  was  about  200  In- 

diuiis  pre^^ent  ill  the  Expeditiou,  of  wliicli  mot^t  tbar,  were 

of  any  Consequence,  particulariy  tlie  Chicasaws,  went  at 

nie  In-itanoe  of  the  Lieut.  Governour.     On  the  other  hand, 

indeed  tlie  Gen.eral  appear?  to  have  carried  with  him  alnjut 

3l)0  or  370  men  of  iiis  own  ReLi'iment  and  about  i^O  men 

more,  HiL;■]llan(h.H^-.  ar^d  Rangers  hired,  withx  a  very  small 

Quantity  of  Provisions  and  ammuniti'-v;    ^  Morrowed 

both  of  tlieni  from  the  Men-of- War,  1)01;  _  -  pr.  >- 

visions  by  chance,  from  a  Xew  Yorker 

with  the  Forces  before  St.  Angus;  .  .  ; 

of  the  000  Barrels  of '         •  ^  ,    ~    -  .  - 

the  Store  Ship  froi:. 

Expedition,  untii  4  dir.. 

The  General  ^:    ■ . 

Lieut.  Govern  ■  . :' 

the  management  ^    :  ,  ' 

Back  a  Long  Lv  ^  ^  ■ 

Tho"  vour       -  ■  :  - 
have  any  F:  .  ■     ^  - 

Believes  it  will  -  ;    ■         .  Ui--  ■■  r^-, 

they  have  though[  u "/  -        _    \  ■  '  ;■•      h;.  ■. 

lay  it  candidly  at  L<';  -jih  ■  ^        ^'.Ti--  •  w- 

sideration  it  is  Sub  :    '         •  .  ■•   ■  .  \ 

General  says  that,  ^v'   ^  ^  -  '  -  '\[.  ; 

'  I.       :   -    ...  ^  .  I. ..;  ;  -. 

•Two  of  tiiose  L  ■       '  'h.  v   ai'e  called)  ^re  f^iju. 

Hugh  McKay*^  ■  '       -'r  F-.  y 

out  of  that  F':vr,i\iy[  ii.  y  .. 

Generahs  orders  tjiat  F..  :  •  ^  "  :  ;  :  ■  --d:.!^'  ^  .e 
Fort-  because  it  was  demolished,  but  c:  i  •  •  F-  ■  - 

the  ThicketsFand      .  ■  *'F   F.-'      i.  r:di! 
had  the  Ciiief  comir;  :.  .  i,  :  v.;:::.;:. 

Fort.  Another  is  said  to  be  one  Sergeani:  Chirks,  who 
Vouches,  for  the  Bravery  Captain  at   ■  ■ 

attack  u[)on  that  party.  ]>;...  i.-  the  papers  •  I  - 
tioas  do  not  appear  to  your  Committee,  thuv  .      .  ,  i 


before  the   Ilon^e.     Your   Cuiiimitu-  .■  -^.^ 

obliired,  iti  Ju-tioe  to  the  luernory  of  ti  >  . 
dead,  to  ^'ilidieate  him  from  a  charge  so  dish'.'  e. 
Your  Committee  mu?:t  remind  that,  on  the  8th  June,  <.'o[. 
\-^and€rdu.-sen  Received  an  Express  from  the  Genc-ral  tliat 
he  had  sent  a  Party  (which  was  that  sent  under  Coh  rahnoi'j 
to  Retake  possession  of  Fort  Moosa  ;  arid  it  is  ol)serriride 
tliat,  after  that  |)arty  was  cut  of^  1-    '  ;      v  '  in  none  of  his 
Letters  to  -  the  Lieut.  Govern*  ' :    -  -  hint-  o.t  :my 

disobedience  of  orders,  until  hi-  11-  to 
him,  dated  2Sth  Ju:  :;or 
that  par'-       r.'.    'i  -  .      : ; 

Govern...  ^.     .  KUh  J\.:..  .         ...  x:.  /■  ■ 

cut  off ),  or-    -     ■  ■':  ■  ^   ■'  i>a!'tv  o^^.-ig 

Left  to  alariQ  :\.  /  ■ 

bv  ■hen]  :  ^  ,  '    ^   :    ■  .- 


they  Wi  ■• 

by  the  Geuciui  s 

June.  th;u  h.-  ^e; 

th:r  ■        _  .  : 

ov  111      .J  ■  ^  ■  '■- 


every  night  in  the  Wood-,  and  \V';  •  .  :  -   ji  wijcn     -      :  '  v 

got  so  fi.'':'  hi;  u;:       !r  "  ■  - 

withstand. iiLi       dv;- i;!<:u,  -x^   : \  \ 
Camped  wnlni:   h  ,  P'  :;t.     Th^-  C--  ].''■_  :-  ^  id 

Capt.  McKav  oj)-;!!-  (^d.  "^-'•va'!vV(ii;^--:i.Md-  ia^iu:]-  dhi-  ---t  r.;, 
the  Commandisig  [-'.,:-: 

Such.    Col.  ruhi;-  -  .   _     .  ,  r  ,1 

l)y  any  (^ne.  Jxit  ihe  Rangers  wiiom  oidy  it  1  ;-  if  it 
was  Int^'uded  that  he  shouhl  T'ommarKb  cd "  •  1  :  -.'p 
witliout.    If  the  General  Intended  otherw  -^  •  .      .  u 

was  a  great  oversiglit  to  Invest  him  u  uh  a  Bare  Cci  bid 


1  -20 

conimaiivi.  a.-  i;  Ju'  >o.     lu  thiiT  . 

'.'ertaiiiiv  jleoeived  tlio  (''nlonel,  l)€caase  tlio'  he  veil'iilly 
orderea  the  -^aid  McKay  to  Ibllow  diro^ctioii-,  > 
niiglit  imder^taixi  them  to  he  givoii  to  him  a^^  ('aptaiu 
ihv  Higliland  Kai.}o;ers  ias  lie  is  Styled  in  the  above  paper-r. 
called  Deposiiiou.^V  thu"  not  as  any  tiling  Else.  Ti-is  vi  nr 
Coninrittee  Remark  because  of  all  thai;  thoy  have  Examined 
they  coidd  not  hud  one  that  certainly  knows  in  what  Ca- 
pacity lie  Avas.  One  said  he  was  called  Adjutant,  anotlier, 
1  aprain  of  Rajigers,  an'.i  another.  Ensign  of  Foot,  hut  all 
agree  that  he  took  upon  him  ■    ■  niand  as  Mny-, 

tho'  none  kn<:'W  wh')  had  tlu^i'-  ^  -uh\  Ji-u- 

i;ver  the  Colonel  gives  ivis  .  ■         -.lis  thi  i.  die  Span- 

iards oould  from  the- Castle  cou-;  :  ■>. 
Man,  that  th  -  p;:^.r-v- -^  -.r-.  .  :  . 

uncommon  L   '  ■  ^  .  ' 

upon  their  guards  and  u;  ■       ■  '  ^ 
no  purpcse.    Your  <  -  ■  ^ 

tiiat  it  was  the  true  ; 

partv.  hiorst'  and  ib^^t,  sh;    :  r\  :  the 

thickets  :  Cranr  : :  ■  ^    '  ' 

liave  p re v-~-^u  :;-■'!  :  \  _  ,  >  . 

siblv  be  I :t  --v  .  - 

hjss  at  anv  .  !  .  ■  ,  .  .  i 

thehv?  Had  ili^'V  >  '  I 
iix  the  very  spot  ot  ^  .  • : 

not  ih(.'  (reneral  himseh'  i     •  >  : 
those  .Rangers  to  catch  i  ;•      -  -:  •  •  ".. 
per  head,  and  who  had  ;!■•;  w.m  iy,  u  .  :  i.  ■ 
up  ahc-ur  100  ?    A\'as  there  any  one  st-s!  taken  t<  r 
the  I'any?    If  tfiu  GeiaTal  did  ;i  ['  •     ■  even  to 

Reconnoin'c      Am'.;';-' ''i' ■  v--i- h  i ■  ■> 

how  can       '  >•  :  '         l\'.-0.  S,;;:.ll  iu'  ,  : .  i : .  iv  . : , ;  ~  ...i. 

(d  Men  Suttivdent  to  Blockade  it,  and  tlui.t  with  8  hw,  of 

Bread  t^)  each  .man?    \\di<;ever  kn^w  Ced.  Palmer  ktjows- 

tbat  he  was  a  man  of  (^reat  Courairf.  that  lie  had  ratiior  too 

mi'jdi  fire,  and  wbeil  he  ottered  to  go  in  and  Ikini  tiic  Tow n  «>f 

St.  Augustine,  tlie  rhaieral  tci'med  it  a  le.;tdveade'i  action 
o 


130 


iiiiu  u  fiiM.jA.L-..  i  \  ; iit:' Examiiuiti'.)!!  of  Air.  Jones,  that  the 
Colout-l  might  have  entered  the  twwn  where. he  propOiii'd  to 
d<.'  it),  yet  when  the  General  proposed  to  sernl  ium  with  that 
party,  this  liot-lieaded  man  tohl  the  (.jeneral  they  were  too 
tew  for  the  pnr{)o.-e.  The  General  Keplie.s  that  if  lie  was 
unwillinij;-,  he  w^jnhl  send  one  of  hi-  own  ottieers-  The 
Colonel  scorned  to  hav  'nrn.L^e  called  in  question,  and 

consents  to  <ro.  Ihrt  t(Hi-  oo.i  he.  was  o-oino-  to  Sacrifice  those 
nhiU.  Tiu'  General  promised  indrfd  thereupon  to  send 
assistance   iVoui  Anastatia.  -  none.  The 

Colonel,  however,  detcir'   '   '  '  in  so  hrave  a 

Manner  under  the  di-  'f  -isif^c;.  ^iid 


IV-SS\ 


Evi'lent  if 
the  Fort  ; 
tain^-'l  Id-^ 
any 
e  I':  ■  : 
la  ■  :• , 


[lacKeo 


'osr. 


Your('<-  .  ; 

tlie  ]>>  :  .  : 
Au^u>tine  ;  au'l  <  ien. 

00--    '  '  ' 

ihe  Colonel,  or  iuiv  ni 


mously  ;     :  , 

aide  Conncil  ;  wiio  joi  i 
neirii^r  th!-  '  ^  ; 
have  been  o.  *  ^i-  i'.--.  o.-j, . 
rhe  Hxpedition.    Your  (.'(mnniire 
•lonahie  in  th'jrn,  aft*  r  ;ill  that  h.; 


1)  liiein  ill  [ 


i  r, 


-.it 


:',  WMi!i(i  be  !'n;;; 
I  li  said.  U"' 


■■sine  in  tliih  Expediiinii.     And  tir;^t,  tliey  caiiijot  l-ut  in 

"lie  most  p-ateiiil  niaiiiier  take  notice  of  Col.  A'aiidf i d"'i--tii. 

who  appear*  to  have  acted        '               '  i        '     ,;t.  in 

Several  dutiei?  wliit-ii  the  X.;-  :     ^  .   -       ■  ■    1  nor 

oblige  him  to,  who  not  only  pnncinaily  oi;.  :;.<'  (-ienfial 

in  everything,  hut  took  uneonii  i  —  . 

action.  iM)    h ::  -"i '        :  ■  ■                ■  :  • :  -  ' 

as  to  C'  :  ■  ■  :  - 
-onie  proposals,  wlio  when      .  ■ 


t(jr  action.  * 


*;:-;>i.    .h>u-]L^hv^.u'  a,!i 


•to  Leave  the  i:*'''.  > 
cial'ark  rhem  the 


\e  humble  desire  or"  rvr^rv 


Pro-o] 


ri{":)|>er 


1:>2 

Eiiquirv  njuy      ii^a-it-  wiiert-  thr  iauit  lies,  tiiat  the  1  cr:^o]i 
Tcr^iins  who  Iiavo  not  doiU' ..tliolL-  .Dm y,  <»r  dccf^^'cd 
othor-.  may  be  j[)iinished  acrort iinp;  to  Uieh  Demerit-." 


STATE  OF  SOUTH  CAROL!  XA, ") 

'    :  iCE  Secretary  of  State.  I 

I,  James  X.  Lip-^coml).  Sor^rernrv  ;  ;  - 
that  the  forep:oing  is  a  ' ^     ■  ' 


I  lie  'jiie  1  i  ,  '  .  ,  ; :   ,  ? 

eri'.-e. 

[>f:AL.l  JA^  X.  Ln>;VAl]y  >v 


In  iiinliet:  coiitinuatioii  of  the  >t;itciiieius  in  ibreigoiMg 
Report,  tiie  loliowino-  extracts  cire  ^iven  froia  the  >fO.  'Jo. 
(Tazdff'.  oi  xh-Ai  period,  priiited  in  (.'barlestoii : 

*Leiar  iroiii  FivhTira.  Dec.  20,  1739.    The  Spaki..  - 
:.rving-  invaded  this  Province  and  killed  some  of  theinhaiji- 
tuuts  and  also  having-  fomented  an  insurrection  of  tlie  negroes 
in  Carolina  who  nivirvlerc' •       •••  •  :  -         ■      n.. Ogle- 

thorpe with  a  party  Cu  =  ,.  ••  ^ns  and 

llegular  Troops, on  Sth  lii-:  ;  -  which 

divides  Florida  from  <  ■  . 
several  posts  they  heia  v-, 
it,  he  niiide  an  inroad  '\. 

halfway  to  Augustine.  ■  -.^  .   .  .  ui 

Xegroes  lUid  Ind;         '  ■ 

intended  to  ottai  .  -  : 

(  hlekasau-  Indians  t-.  \  f 

witii  the  whole  '  -  \ 

tine,  and  the  I  ';  -       .  -  : 

far  tVom  it.    T      ,  ,        -  ^  ^  ■ ,  -  i  -  : 

Tiie  (r-^Yi.  stayVi-o  days  y  :-\  -.'.w    .  :  . 

Indians  annoycil  the     •    ,^  ■   :••  ;■ 

iVn-ts,  killing  or  taki;  ^  ; 

■  ^antry.    The  Gen.      ■  •  r    :  ; 

,  without  the  loss  of  oe 

'^(Jharleston,  Feh.  u — \..  ■  -•^:^--^ie;;d:  ii!  < ^'v.:t 

Oen.  Oglethorpe  has  tak      :     ,  ^ 

called  Pieolah  he  hurnt,  tiie  ori;  :   ■  :  -  o    ,      ,   ■  . 

Fran<'''  ^  ■    '  ■  : '   '  i  ■\  '  ^ :  :         •       :  ■     1 1  ■ 

and  *.!iir'  w  ,  ■  i     -.ir:  - 

PRO('LA>rAT[ox  nr  i'r ]■:>:]..  O'-^x/i-vviunivK.  Apr..  1,  1 7ln. 


UM/tial.    ■■  Aiid  i  0'  •  ;  ■ : ;  ' 
h;iv!;  de-erted  from  >     »  ■ 
"^ig  the  said  Exp 


d  up  f^-^ 


^.See  [MVJie:  114. 


their  iv^pO'jtive  o\viu;-r.s  oupayiii.u'  five  poiiii(!.<  hitorling  |u.r 
liead  iQ  the  captors.,  if  the  orlicer^  of  the  Ships  of  shall 
land  men  to  assist  the  huvl  forces,  one  luoiety  of  all 
plunder  taken  in  such  service  shall  ,<;o  to  the  oiticers  and 
men  in  his  Majesty^s  sea  service.  All  plunder  taken  and 
accriuniz  to  ofiicers  and  men  hi  Land  Service  shall  be 
'lividfd  among  oilieers  andi.  men  of  tlie  lauid  Service  in  the 
sirne  manner  and  pr<.>portion  as  pri^ct'S  are  distributed 
among  ofiicers  and  men  in  Ids  Majest>''s  Sea  Service  accord- 
ing to  the  rules  of  has  ^[ajesty's  Xavy,  And  whatever 
sliare  of  plunaler  shall  come  to  me  as  Genl,  and  Coiumander 
of  the  Forces,  I  udll  apjdy  ' iue  totally  town  i'  V-  ■  •  ''v 
of  sucii  inou  as  may  lui,...  be  maiined  or  v  .  i,: 
said  Expedition    and  towards   ;  ne  widows  and 

children  of  any  of  said  f      ~    :    ;         y  '      ki-   ^  ■  ■ 
service  and   tor   re\\-^r^  1  ;r -    k  k 
distinguished  brave 
as  a  slave,  for  all  ^     ^  -  ' 
his  Majesty  and  are  lo  o-c  •  r=:-aied  a-  i '■ii-jUl-;;.-  ;;n«a 
slaves/' 

Bv  \'incent  IVar.-- ,  i  ■  >  '  hi-     ',  ' 

y:         ,        ■       ■    \  ^  \  v, 

a^'  ..a     ■  .■■i..A:',Vi<^  -  .  :  :      ■  '  ■- 

Majesty  and  tlie  welf .   ■    ;  '  -  -  /       .     .  i  ■  .  d 

pay  all  seamen  '  l  ^  -  '  :     ■  •  •  - 

any  w,".;  '^  .  \  -.-lur:!.         iiivc.vi-j  iT  lisL-y  wid 

eiuisi  .  .  .  :  : 

April  3,  .1740. — X oi wit  1  islanding  the  great  expences  this 

(J0Uli':;-v  t,,    '  ■    .  '  :   '  ■  -      ^  ^  ... 

iard-.  ;  '^-iv.  ..d  ii^. ■  li. .  ■■  ■■,  t_  ]  i; ^  ; 
Lieut.  (Tovt-ruour.  to  ra.ise  a  It'^^itnent  of  Foot  and  a  Tr 

Au_-i-- i.i  i/L').,; au^jiit.'i  -:„-v\.r:d  of  hi-  .Uaj-^iy':- 

ships  of  war — as  also  to  provide  sloops,  boats,  guns,  ammu- 
nition, ])rovisioiis  fur  Indians,  and  all  otlier  neet.'S<aries  .for 
that  undertaking.    Alex.  V  i  .      ■   ■    ••  '-^..t.  is  an; ■•  '■  '  • 

Colonel  of  the  said  forces.       V,/  r  ;fj\;ir    ;  ; 

of  gentlemen  design  to  go       \'olunteer>  an  i    ,      ;L-;uir  - 


iu  the  honoui*  of  that  Expedition  at  their  own  ox|>v  ii>>;-:. 
all  sliowing  the  greatest  alacrity  lor  the  service  of  ]n> 
Majesty  and  the  .20'>d  of  their  country,  so  that  from  tlie 
union  of  >rrength  hy  sea  and  by  hind,  we  liave  no  reason 
to  <louht  of  snccess  to  ihc-  undertaking.  We  hear,  fnrther, 
that  Capt.  Ricliard  Wright,  having  oilered  himself  to  go  as 
a  \'o]unreer.  has  received  a  Comirdssion  to  head  all  tin.-  \'^ol- 
unteers  ;  and  tliat  (Vipt.  roarce,  tliC  Connnodore  here,  hath 
-ent  the  Spence,  man-of-war,  -  ■  ■  -  '  '  : '  : 
Providence  to  convey  ov^-r.  Mu.:  /  -  >  -  .  :  ■. 

Tuesday  (2d  April)  being  the  ^lav  appointed  for  the  review 
of  tlio  Ivi/ginient  of  thi-  "    ■  '  '  ^  - 

Guards,  they  were  re  vie  we  o  L'^-i-.n'i.-  r, 
(ten.  Ogletlinrp'-^.  and  all  rh*'  H(»n.  (  '  x- 
ceediiigly        .  ^  ^  '         .     ,  '1 


and  B; 


Mala;  IT V  Ola'ae. 

■  ;.:'.^-li.rr.     \\  ^  .      •    -         .i     :  V-  '  ' 

Lit-utennnt  <'if  the  san'ie  ;  ::.:^[  vL-   iJ-^^r  "  ■  'iv 

hath  gi:  "       .         mission  to  (.'apt.  John  Bee.  Jr..  "  •  ••■•ii.- 

.         .    .  ■  -I 

warrioiir-       [  :>.■'  i  •  i  p  ■  ■ 

d lately  for  ih».-     ■  ■i■■eiL^■:-.  y.u:- 

Indian- are  on  ■  ;reh  to  join  him. 


i^aia^t  St.  Augll:^tilu^  thai  thtn-  have  liberty  from  the  in-n- 

ral  to  rake  any  number  oi  slaves,  capabl*  ^"  "ii^x  diuy. 
•vith  them,  who  are  to  be  provided  fo^.  |»y  ^  die,  and 
ill  case  any  person  shall  h.>se  their  slaves  in  the  Expedition, 
-hall  be  paid  250 £  tor  sucli  slave  killed. 

And  whereas  the  Lieut.  Gov.  has  made  provision  lor  such 

\'ols.  as  are  willing  to  go,  Thi^  is  to  give  Jiotiee  they  are 
to  embark  frnin  Charlestnii  by  lOth  in-t ,  and  For  furtiier 
rncoaragement  of  any  other  gentlemen  wiK>  are  ineiinable, 
die  name-  of  tho^ie  already  entere«i  are  as  Ibllows : 

Richard    Wright,   Jona.   Br\-an,    Rubt.   Wriiiht,  .Ino. 
Miilbraiu,   W'm.  Walters,  Sauii    ;  ' 
Thos.  Rivers,  Isaac  Xiehol^.  1>.  .  \  , 

Willoughby  West,  Chas.  IV;;'       -  ;---N.  ]'  . 

Jones,  Thus.  Battler.  Tho^.  h    i  '  -.Ladson. 

h-»s.  Bryan,  Jos.  0-v;d',  d       ;        y  r  .. 

^'Vilkin>on,  Elisha  1'  -    '       -  .  . 

Barnwell  Jno.  h-  ; . ■  •[,\^ 

slay  Id. — By  lert^^r<  f'-.-^Mi  F'-t  Vv--  '  '^/'  -k  P^v^r  R  .-.-•-^  - 
:'.-'ar  that  Capt.  N  -  -  '     :  ' 

of  his  Company  to  join  nis  i  • 

^) -•mbark  with  t^'- r. '^f" -i:  ^  .  -    ,  . 

•thai  Capt.  ^^ralaehy  Glaze,  Cai.t.  of  one  of  * 
of  \'ols.  latL-ly  died  there  of  the  tiux. 

On  Id  .July,  1740.  Lieut.  G-\--     /:      ,   d  -'u-d.^L-  . 
<Jo\inQu  and  Civii ■      of  A:--:..!;.:'!.-  t;)  ■ 
them     inf  Tiir^r;,  .   r    ,,;•,-.•  i.  .  .r"  the  diii- ~ 

J  orces  e:  :  ,         u;  the  Expe.litioii,".  that  is  oi 
ot  the  Exin  ditt'C:       d  the  A^seUibiy  promised  to  provide 
anyrhuig  that  uhl;::      neces-ary  for  protection,  occ. 


137 


[The  u.>ll<>Nviij-:  is  the  Appendix  lelVrre.l  to  in  the  f<n\'goii5g 
Keiiort.    it  <Kk>  uol  liowovtT  i  as  here  priuted  >  exiefid  t)eyoiu!  N'». 
37.    The  Kjiuuiiuler       not  extanl,  ur  <-aii  nor  be  fv»iu\d.    >^ee  i-- 
tVoiu  tiu- <  )t!u-!- of  the  >eererary  of  State  ut  the  eml  <.>f  rhis  Api)eno;x.] 


APPENDIX. 


No.  ].— Extraet  of  Gcnor;.'  '     ;  ■  -   '-iter  o*  Li.  '.ii. 

<TOver}iour  BvAl,  dated  2Gtli  i  • 

8iK  :    1  luive  J'--'        T^  -  tv-u  Vii-  M-^-^^v, 


-rder  tliein  to  attack  il 


a)  id  .[ 


Cui.a. 

Your  most  Obodieiit  and  IIo^o'-  ■  ^:  rv:;io 

X-;  ;     i'      L.-i.(.^;n  C^J.-p.-  ro!-'^  [.rtrer  to  Lieut. 

Sir:'  Capiaiu  TTi^'Oiu-dh  Rrrivpd  >n['e  -fiMl  '.<n  ij.Aird 
Uini  P'av-t.  yi-K    -  -     ■    -  ^'        L  _^o:L  All 

]»our-  at  St.  Aii^u-tioo.    '\\       -  .   :   :  ive  my        •  ^ 
V<.'Ur  most  Udedient  and  liu!odk'  Sie  v  ^  , 

JAMES  u^^r^.u iu]aM: 


N'*.  — I*". X tract  of  <.^(.'iieral  0.i:-lethorpe*s  Letter  v..  ljp:u.t. 
InAeni.Hiv  Bull.  .iate<l  ;i'»tii  Octol^oi-,  17ol»  : 

Siii  :    I  shall  «lo  tiie  ufriio.-?t  in  my  jiowor  for  t;;iK':i,u  -Vu- 
,2U.-^*ane  before  Suecnii's  coino  frDiu  Spain  ;  if  we  do  uot 
attack.  \ve  sliall  he  attacked.    I  hope  f'>r  your  A^^i-^taiice 
with  tliC  A^soRibiy,  and  .should  be  Lilad  tu  hear  from  yau. 
I  am.  Sir,  ^'<)ur  loost  Obe<lient.  Miinifdo  Servant, 

JAMl-s  (.IGLKTHOKPE. 

Xo.  4. — The  committee  to  whom  the  Kt :       •  .i- 

mittee  appointed  on  his  I[(»;;v'^''  [.'  -  r  <  >i 
^lessage  relatinrr      ■ho  A--i~  i 

Execudng  of  i            -  -  to  nn!.ke  Re- 
prisals against  liic  ;^|.c;Oiai  > ;    '  -i-,            ■■  ^r. 
Aagusiine,  was  Kecommi^'    .  '     ■  :     ,   .i;  ;         .  : 
of  the  rpper  JTonse  ; 

FvL'port  :    Ti.  ■ :   ' : '  ■  '  '\v 

the    L'^-^-.  1  -.^             -    •  u 

f>ur  0.  -  .                             .  ^     :  -  :r 

Augustine,  has  :,  .  ■    ■      ■1  muny  < >\ :  i::.  ;          ^v  - 

free  us  from  th*;  h':;  ■       -  _  ;  ■.  -  from 

other  Tnconveo:'       ■         '  " 
Provinee  1---  '         ^  ' 
Your  CV.: 

Case  f-rener     '      -i !ior[)e  shall  think  :•:      r    .  •  ■  •  •;        .  •  - 

sign  of  Be-i;  _ m ■        ■  ^  -  ^    '   rr'H^viiwr-  - 

Scheme  tn  ^ii.-  P-'\--.  • 

shall  make  it  appear  that    ■  •  -  :g 

Attended  with         ■  -■ ■    :     ik':;.;    i'  iJemc;:      i  :    .  L«ar- 

ris(.tn,  that  theu  i;,     :   i-^^  kv-r  lins  E'ro\-iLr.      ' ; 

to  give  trtrneral  f)g^    .    ; m- the  best  Assistance  :  -  -  v.- 

<ib]y  can  to  put  liis  Sciieuje  iu  Hxecuti'-n.   Your  v'^ 

also  recommend  that  a        -  :         "   :  ■  '  i:'-  'I 

Lieut.  (Juveruour.  to  a    ,  ...        .   -        :       -  . 


130 


Jesire       Honour  tu  ,-en<l  a  Copy  thoreot"  to  Creneral  ( 
thui'[te  by  tho  nr-t  (  \pportuiul:y. 

X.-.  -"">. — TliC  Lieut.  Governuur  Cull's  Letter  to  (  Jeneral 
nu;[^;fi;orpe.  Delved  the  ioih  Deceiuber,  1730 : 

v^iK. :  As  you  was  pleased  to  eoininunicate  to  me  your 
Iiiteiit  ions  of  .!i-«)iHg  to  Attack  -  \    .  :-- 

tiue,  I  l;-:'^      ■         '  '      '  : 

Jesiretl  Ui'.-y  ' .  ■  : .  - 
could  izive  to  Such  ail  U; 
()■■  ■■      ■  Satety, 

(  :  .  ^     ,  -  on  tit;-,.  .  ^  ,  - 

1         '  .  .  vour  ni*;^  •  ' , 

\\  ]  ■  . .  i  ;      • : '  ; . 

Xo.  7. — 'reaer^i!  '       :         ■  --  I'u.:-  Lit  at,  It  . '.<■■-- 


Sir:    a  Detaciimoi!'      r..-  M  ;  , 
command  and  a  l^ir!    •       Li       ■  :  " 
attack^']  .  ■ 
of  St.  Joliu  s  Ui\'cr  <  ■!  - 
which  we  began  to  at; 
Side  ot  the  ILver,  about  :  ■    ;    ■    ;  . 
deLn<LMl  'b        :  ■  - 

C.       :  .  ron  the  '    ,  •       ■  .  '  ~ 


'  the  Lidian  X;; 


Gulf  i;f  Mexico. 


N- '.  ^. —  Lxir;.cr  <A'  ( J..>nera.! '  <  Vh-thorpe's  Letter  to  f-ieut 
io\  ernv)ur  Iniil  : 


Frkdekr'a.  24th  January,  173!;)— 

Sij>  :  I  have  ^iiice,  in  the  Fortot  ^^t.  Francis,  taken  >everal 
l^ri^uuers.  and  hy  their  Exaniinations  hiid  that  the  place 
ha.>  been  greatly  <trengthene<l  and  a  eovered  way  haN'ing 
Ix^en  made  roaiid  tlie  Fort,  whicli  they  think  will  be  ^oon 
finished.  Tin  '  we  delay  atiaekinir  tht'Oi  tlie  Stronger 

they  will  be.  !  :  h-ld  a  C'  " !  '^f  \V  ai'.  by  who.se  axl- 
viee  I  have  made  '  •  ■ .  .  •  ;  ;.'     --ai'y.  according 

to  the  present  Circumstances,    i  ^    :  '  :  [eron,  who 

will  wait  e ^  - 'U  with  r':'-^-     '  w 
(.Jenural   .,\  -      ^       j"bi-  \.   .   -  .  ;  ..a- 

this.  I'mU     .  .  ,  .  ~    ■  ; 

Ycur  ruu-i  i  *:    1 :       '  b;  !  .^ 


Tin. 
and  c</ 


own  l 


Its  torn: 


Sr.  A-       :  ^ 
ceivtai  ir^iu  lii"  [  ii- 


I'cace  uii  tii 


141 


•  (ioveriHuont  will  amount  to  an  oxpr-n.-e  of  tin,'  Simi 
.200.41^2.  which  your  (.'ommittee  are  of  Opinion  is  an  Ex- 

j)fr.'nce  ttio  oj-oat  for  thii=:  Pi-ovuico  to  Boar. 

But  tin-'  ■C<)n"iniittoe  of  this  Hou<o  Ivocoianiend  thai  if 

(  roneral  (.'Lilethiirpe  will  uitdcrtake  tlie  l''xpe<lition  a;L;ainst 
\  ^ieu>tine,  ainl  will  cercify  to  the  (.n-neral  A^scnnbly  uf 

Tills  Provinee  that  rlie  -anie  is  prol)able  of  heing  atten';  -  } 

with  Success  of  takiuL;  tliat  Garrison,  with  '<•]  assistaijce 
.(,)in  tliis  Govvn^iuni'iit  of  an  I-]xpeuee  <jf  -  K,  t<>  'oe 

i:^mph.y!.(l  by  thi-  Government.  That  the  ; 

Province  are  wilHn*^  to  l>e  at  that  Ex[)en>  •.      i  :  i-^s     ■  ]■..[■ 

the  same. 

Xl>.  rl. — lu-pori  of  tlie  -    ■;  '  • 

for 'Kill sin. ii"  of  tiie  sum  «;f  i '  ..  _  ' 

val  Gglethorpe  in  an  r';  ~  ,  : 

>i.  AuLTU-rine,  wlio  '  ' :         ■  . 

(.V>nsi<]vr  rUid  ma'-;*  ;  \!  ■ . , 

(^uantin-  of  Airu  ^ :  -  ;  1 

-iim. 

i  i         s.  ,!, 

One  E^'^riment,  to  (  ■  ^   ,i  '      m:-  i,  u^v 

one  month's  pay   I^' )   

A  LieuL  Colenel.  Ibr  :i  w-.'-  pay   lua   ... 

A  ^laiov.  for  1  uioiivh"--  ;  nv  ,. 

All  A.ljiUiiiit.  iV'r  1  iiioiiiL  -  pay  

T\".'n  Si;rjtrv.-i:-.  ha-  1  nioiith's  p:tV..  t.'-i  -u.-[!-.. 

A  ■  .  -  ■.         '    ■  '   

A  l:e_:      :  .  :   ,  .         .     :  .     ,     ,  : 

lO  take  rare  ' >i'  ihe  pruvi>L'jHr?.  1  tnontir.-? 

I'^A-  •  

Their  luty  iVtr  1  iin.'ur!:   

Wiiich,:ut  *j  lu- :  -  ■  ,  uin  Mints 

to  the  sum  o,  

i-liirhi  (.''inspaiivb  of  i-'ooi.ijoii^^iiiiini,'  each  of: 

A  Cai'taiii.  f<-»r  o^^.'  i;:-     h"s;  nay.  at  

A  Lieutenant,  "  u's  pay,  at......>v...... 

V  Ensign,  for  1  m      !,  s  pay.  at.  

j  ^^er'iif'anrs,  at        ea'.-h  per  iu'>iith.  i-^  


142 


.  Driiui.  f'sru  mrijuhV  pay   i:; 

1'  firiv-ato  iiuni,  at.  fl2  eiwh  ni-m.  their  pay 

I  monrh  i«?   ^yji 

'  r"on.  •.heir  vh'-'le  |-;.iy  f'-r  '  ••>•.••!' is   7^>S 

< -a; nauy-  i' .r  riit-  >a:u'/  na^;;  at  tiiat 
Rale  is  ^i.:;>4 

for  the  \vh«jle  f«>r  <i  nioistlis,  ijj  

'  'lit-  Trortp  of  Horse,  to  Consist  of  : 

'.  <  'aptain,  for  I  monrh's  ray.  at   i  ' 

Liy'Ueiiaiir,  for  1  month's  nay,  at   30 

:  r<jrnet.  for  1  ilionth  s  j-ay,  at  •  2-"> 

1  '2^iarter  Ma.^ter.  for  I  month's  pay,  at..."..-...  20 

1  Drniivand  TriHupfct,  for  i  iiioiuh's  pay......  16 

44  private  Men,  at  i^io  per  m'  lith  for  each...  7iU 

.Man  and  Honst: : 

•  :  Men,  ih'--r  -.vh  ve  '-v           .  .          :■■    --.^ 


Which,  for  0  :iiOiil.x>  d*  Liuii  iiut'^,  l<  

For       white  men,  if  they  are  not  to  be  had. 

then  4oo  relavt-.-^,  iiicir  pay  for  months.... 
Tkovi^ioX-s  FOi:  thk  lii:tr!  mknt  a.no 
Pif  XF.ERr>,  Via  : 
For  447  Bushels  of  Corn  por  iiioiith.  for 

iiK  'Dths.  2  *i.S2  biLshei-s.  wiiicii.  at  s>.  per 

EiisheL  is  1  '  '-2  1 

For  i'5')  ib<.  of  rii'o  per  day.  for  o  ili'Vi  '.-. 

13  17IJi(jo  lb>..  which,  at  :5^s.  per  HXt.  is  - 

-For  vjoo  ibs.  of  Beef,  pei-  day  for  (i  nion  th.s.    . . 

is  ITl/.HMt  lbs.,  which,  at  i'5  per  100,  i........  s..");.?.-,  . 

For  7r>'>  Barrels  to  carry  tiie  corn  and  rice 

in.  at  10  Shillings  per  Barrel   ;n '>  1 

Pr.E.-iEyT--  AM)  rROVI<l..'N>   FOR  1.000 

Indi  ^ns,  Vix  :  - 

For  1,<H  0  Gun>,  at  £o  apiece  3,'  ! so 

For  1,000  Hut-chetr^,  at  10  .^Idliings   oOO  . 

For  1/ioo  Blankets,  at  oOs  2,o«'n 

r  4,<«>0  Bushels  01  C<:>rn.  for  4  nioni'ns.  at 

ss.  per  Budiiel  l.'-oo 

F<-r571  barrels,  to  carry  the  Corn  in.  at  lo 
:;hiliii]g:5apif^  .   2^- 


14:1 


inn  and  rren*ils  fur  the  Pioiiet-rs, 
Viz: 

For  L'O  Ft-tiiauL'iirs,  at  =i:5*«»  por  month,  each, 

fort)  months  ..lO.siio 

For  !.«.»,( >  l:>.*.  \vt.  of  (inn  Pow.ler.  at  i:40 

per  U-<J   '  * 

For  -  V      ■  '    -  :  •       :  •     ,  ■  


  17.150 


Ft.'> V  i. 'o n rill 2 «•* n < •  v' >       l.oCO 

r,  :.    7.t>47 

'I'nral   ll'flcci. 


■u-:.Tit     >vi'riior  Fill 


tl..  :..        :   •••••  -hali  vcrvr',  v>tJ;  ii.M'j.rifiirf.  voiir  uii.-'.vi-r. 


•  Uinnble  Serva: 
WiiJ.IA.AF  BULF.. 


Tiie  ^: 


l-^L  That  rhe  Pl^ 


can  make  to 


1-14 


( ;<^iier;il  Ogletiioj-pe  in  torniin^j;  llie  ^iei^e  of  Sr.  Aii- 
I    .  uoi  exceeding  rli^'  Torni  of  Six  ^MontliS. 
it  is  therefore  proposed  by  the  Coiniuittee  and  rocfjia- 
in ended  to  liih  Honor,  the  Lieutenarir  '^>v<t]m  :•,  to  hi:  Siip- 
iil-att'd  v.  ith  (-ieiiend.  r)glv.'tiiorpe. 

;.:  .  ;   Tluit  thi'  Regiment  of  Foot,  aiid  Troop  of  Horse  to 
i^upplie<l  by  this  Crovernuient,  shall  be  Deerued  auxil- 
iaries ro  General  (.)gleth«>i;['e,  and  a  di-tinet  ]:)ody  of  Troops 
belongiiiu  to  tliis  (n.)verunient,  whirli  with  the  v\-iuT.o  ••r 
Xegro  Piuueers  in  the  Fay  -  '  '  :.<hallbe 

Slloieei  '    'I  i'-    f  '  -     «  r, . , 

iir.i.  ■  -  "  ' 

of  Hnr^e  i^^  ^       ■       :    ■  •  ^ 

cils  of  War  eulu..i  \  '  ,    •  '  ■ 

Title  aie"!  R-nik  in  i^'iMi:: 

shall  a^  '      '     -e  and   i  -  -  ' 

Otv.  ■ 

punished  l>y  tiie  Otiii/ers  <)[      ^  - 

othly.  T!^^       '     ■  - 
Province  u- 

dition,  and  ■     '         .  •  -     •  ' 

Hthly.  T.^    :   :  ;:.  ,  1.  '    '  -  - 

the  Indian-   -  .  ■ :  ;         ;  :    i  -i-.  ■      -     '  ^     :  .. 


otiieers  bel-  i:_ :  ^  ,  ■  •  ■  ■  -  .    •                     —  >  ^     ; ' .  ^  ;i 

ret'.;  :   ■  ^                             ^                , .  - 

;dLo\N'ed  the  Capo 'i*-. 

Tihly.  T'i  •        ■■e  Exp',-^  -     ^  ■  w  •         "       '■          ■  "  -'-^ 

by  thi>  Tr  is  Hioii                "  . 

relU  Mi.ne;,  it  is  not  < .  ' 
Negroes  can.  t>e  raise'l  at  the  Pay  ]iie.nr!«.»n<Ml  ui  rij?.;.  anOv'X-  d 


145 


r  of  white  men 
■    rt  thereof 


iiis  6ub- 
i  to  his 


Scliedule,  it  is  to  be  understood  and  <o  a^ci-reed,  that  if  ilie 
Men  and. Slaves  cannot  be  procured  al  those  Rates,  that  this 
Government  shall  not  be  under  any  obligations  to  raise  the 
said  Vieri  at  any  other  Rate  or  pay. 

Sthly.  And  as  it  v.-iU  no*-  be  tb-:'iid5f  T>r to  weaken 
this  Province,  by  r.i:  _ 
in  this  Province'  -vd  liiat 

shall  be  r-Wd 

levies  be      .  :  i 

a  satisfactory  answer  from  i  renerai  v  . 
scribing  these  Pro-  •  -  ^  '  ;  :  : 

Honour,  the  Lieutc], 

Oih.  Thar  the  Fu.-.:  .  - 

Troops  to  be  raised  by 
Honour,  the  lA^'v-'Uvr/ 
so  Tiiat  the  Tr    :  i 

l---;^  /  ■  \  . 

thel...  ■  -  .    ■    .  .  ^  .  :• 

trie  Xuinber  •  ■:'  ;  \  '  : '  ;  u  ■  •  ■ 

Auixustine,  <i.  '      Tv-  hi-.  ■ 
of  r'lar  ff;,.-v'  •    ,  I':;. v.  h.:^.;^.  :     ;  ; 

this  Province  in  ;  .yn^. 


:    a!M     :Ja.  .  T:; 

die  Troops  of 


No.  15. — General  Oglethorpe's  Letier  to  Lieutenant  Gov- 
erni}r  Bull : 

Feedekica,  the  27th  of  February,  1730-40. 

Sir:  I  ^•>- I  ^'our  L'^ner  v:'r]i  tin;  Puij^ts  iTK-b:'-^], 
and.     I  h':^':  hr-r-       -f  ;.:         Fr:^n,Tiv.  -  ^  ■  '■ 

I  am.  Sir,  voar  most  huml)[e  Servant, 


I  o 


146 


Xo.  16. — General  Oglethorpe'.-^  Letter  to  Tj'eutenar.t  (mr- 
ernor  Bull : 

CiURLES  Town,  2Gth  A  [arch,  1740. 

Sir:    I  received  tiie  Pleasure  of  •        '  ■ 

Assembly's   Plan,   pror'"^^n;T  ^ : .    ■  ■ 

towards  the  Sie.ee  of  Sr.  . .   ,  ■ 

I  desire  that  you  would  i).-  ■••lu^ •ly  t!..-"  •  m 

Come  to  Co:;-      ^  '■>-■--  .  .  '    .  ' 

terprise  to  o  ...  "  - 

of  Men  .i'  I..  :'.         for  whi^y.     .  .  y  -'^  .     -  ■ 


])e.  the  c:iv: 


WlthiU  : 


li  I  air:  :  '  ■  -    '               ■     ■  -.-i:  v.  I            i^'.^,-  ili-  -i 

alri:'0'i''  .   '  .                  -  i-;;;:.:            \  r-'/nrv-,  v/ii,^ 

cm  •  ■   :  ;           -  .  ^      .\;:_.  •     :  witli 

lachee,  ann  :Iy:i.ir-  '  Mm-  ■:?r  ui-i r  '  ^'irri-i'^ii 

Rivvr  Sr.  .Idm'^       ^r.  Mat\u-\y'-.  i^-  P;ph  rr,  il:. 
Nation,  and  the  Freiich,  and  oi  jh/l-v-'inu      ft-':;  , 
My  Si)eedy  rettiri!       .j--^  '':"  :v  i y :  n 

arr:    -  :       . . -        ; .  ■'  -  : . "  tw  ] ii^'W-n  t  a 

dents  fiaiM."  ■':•<•:  Troops  being  di- i .  ' 


aside,  I  sliould  theref'»re  desire  a  Speedy  answ'-r. 


147 


I  am  or-  ^  tedious,  if 
therefore  i:  :  •  .  ..  ; ,  ^  .  iho-Is  to  be 
taken,  I  am  r*^  -  a  Conference  with  the  Com- 
mittees of  the  Gene.t';  Mibjy,  if  they  desire  it,  and  am, 
Sir,  your  very  humbu*  .  .  -iit, 

■  "  JAM]:-  *  h:a._.l:tk(j]ui:. 

\                 ...^  :  ■  '        .        r--\  'in ce  for  a 

T-F  ^^--R  M"ai;.-h.  K  ''b 


or"  ''"'v: 
or  : 

d  ] 


Corii.  ■  ' 

m1  <dni-.  Five  hundred  TT-iM-iiot-.  Five  linu- 


Kovai 


Fhnts. 


14S 


Two  hundred  Spades,  Axes.  Hoe."^.  or  Bill-:  S'lrof  oM' 
Chests  and  'A[edicines,  Two  hinidred  and  fifty  F'  :  ,  ■-  ■  ;, 
nen  for  Bandages,  cV'c,  KtIv  pounds;  For  Coiriingenoie 
Ti  ;  '  l':.;')!  hundr^  '    -  ■'     ■    '  pounds. 

-  :  :        -;r3  and  C\'  .  ^    .  .,  :  Brass  Fivd( 

Pieces  from  Fort  Royal,  the  ^fortar  Piece  and  Bomh-,  (V 
horn-.  '  "  • -      .  .  -indred  Round 

tOY  thr    . .  .  Twentv      :  ■ 

light  Cart  v,  -'         .-  :  :    :         -  ^  :  ^  Pn--v  - 

Cannon,  a  Troop  (n'  i  ,.  .::  -  -  : 

l'^-'  cr-^  ''.rae  enou';.''.    \  '  •  _ 
wi' -       .arteen  <1  /.  '        '  ' 

within  that  time,  the  -  ■•• 

{'. .. 

and  Lif]-" 
proposea 
make  a  i- 

(.V:  \. 

I  ■ 
(_> ' 

or'.i--iij;l  - 

beginnin-;  >„ :  i:^  ,.,  ^       rvuciics  an  i  .  =    i  : 

by  a  Siege. 

No.  18. — General  Oglethorpe's  L-iter  to  Lieutenant  Go 
ernor  Bull : 

Charles  Tua-n,  20th  cf  Meien.  ITdrK 

of  what  numoer  oi  Men,         vvij [  be  n«  ■    —       .      (  •^i;n 
the  Sudden  atternpt  on  Augustine,  uk-:  '-  ii  - 
method  in  my  p.    ■  ,         e  sent  you  the  Est i !  ' ; ■  e  i  : 
which  thougii  it  is  not  as  large  as  I  think  wuuld  l^e  prop. 


149 


ret  lis  it  i<  tlint  c-n  I'O.Inuo.  I  will  uudertake  the  attempt 
with  it. 

I  aiii,  Sir,  voiir  verv  Isiimble  Servant, 

JAMES  OGLETH^JRFE. 


P.  S. — Having  Co];-  ..:-:'l  \v:.-h  (''•ipi.  ['lerce,  he  assures 
Die.  [hat  it  we  are  ready  to  move  in  tburieeu  days,  he  will 
as-ist  tlie  Undertaking  with   his  M  ships  i  - 

utmost:  he  .desired  an  immediate  an-w..        he  migi:;.  -  : 
to  Lieut.  Yelverton  Peyton  to      r.  h.aL  ■•'.-ith  his  ibny  un- 
ship now  in  \'irginia. 

Xo  10. — Rt^T.ort  of  tlie  Commir:eo  a pointed  to  Confer 

Thf  1^0  rn  or  Majich^  174tC 

-  '  ^    ■    ^'  .  .  ■  ■  '      Coii-.u::  v'-h 

1st.  Th-  .         :      ■  "  I:.  ^'  z  /^.is- 


*.:  :  \  -         :  :    ■  -      -  not      _  nve 

3dly.  T']:"  ■  ^ .  ■ -"i^ '  >;  I  -i  tliousuu' : 

^\  ■  "'  ., '  ^    ;   '     :  .   "  -d-^l^  '''f     .  '■    '  " 

].,,.  ■   .  ,  •  .         .  "       ■  ,       > o:i  a  '  ■  . 

■  fur  Tr.:;.-      iwlt  tiie  mei..  ;  ::i 

v;-;';:-,     ve  thou-;.,  -  =  -     ■  '  ^  x    v, T' .  i 

sand  pounds  weight  of  Bullet.s,  Twenty  Thousand  - 
Two  hunnv  d  S|-td--,  A.v,  ;,,  Hr..-  m-  T  \'-  ^      -  , 

and  Mr-di. 'l.^:  :  I"  -:  '  :  ■  ■ 

pounds,  Eight  -Six  {  -  .ais    with   Carriages,  lu •.> 


150 


Small  Bra.ss  Cauuon  from  Tort  Royal,  tlie  !\Iortar  Piece, 
Bomb^,  Cohorns  aocl  skelk  as  many  as  cari  be.  two  han-jro^i 
RouikIs  for  the  Cannon,  Mortar  Piece  and  Cohorns,  Twenty 
}>air  of  lio:ht  Cart  Wheeb.  Six  Roams  of  Cartridge  Papor,  a 
Troo[:i  of  forty  liangers. 

-tibly.  Tiiat  at  the  end  of  four  Moiulis,  or  at  the  end  of 
tiie  Service,  if  Sooner,  the  rnen  raided  in  thi<  Province  be 
i>rought  back  at  the  Expenr<e  of  this  Province. 

otluy.  Tiiat  the  money  lor  defra^  '  .  us  l^xpen^u  be 
borrowed  at  Eight  per  Cv  -  *  '  [Mia  ijy  l'iix  ■!'  "''  ■ 
Shillings  per  iiead  on  a::  ;nd  live  .■ 

hnndred  Acres  on  band  for  j 

Xo.  20. — 'Voucher  f<:>r  Car 'tain  Tyrr.A  -  •  <.-i;,g  put  ■..■ider 
the  Command  of  •■        .    •  ^  :'  \ 

Tlw  Lieute^---  '  •   .  ■  ^.     ■-.      -  ■      -  ■;  .  C'.V:-  --.- 

tee  tor  thi-.  tb.;  < /:  i:;;;:,.; ;       :  , 

-  :  ^  b' ru,-:::!.:;:  ^  y-yv^-ii     BaU  -  r-^'/yh  l:  .-^rriicn,,;!  ro 


W'lieii  you  > ;  ■MViv^:  wbii  tiie  F^m^:'-  rhis  Govern- 
ment r  -  ■        '         '  '    '  ,       ;,cl-al  R-i;" 

dezvv.'U-  -v., .  -  ill,  and 

will  Cndertake  th-  e'  .:  ,  ^  .   :i    :       b  i^u! ,  you  au- 

then  to  proceed  according  bj  in-  diruotions  durino;  the  tiiMt: 
of  action.  WILLIAM\B[;LL. 


No.  22. — ''.b-i.u'r;Ll  '  \^b-b.;^  !eb  J-airnal  of  iiis  tir-r  p--,;- 
ceedui_>  ir-^'.i  liiutii  ■  '  i  ■  ^  -  ■  ■  in  Fb:>rida,  Sr-nr 
to  Lieu:enaiit  Coveraor  B...;  .n.  -  iiu      bia.y,  1740: 

Fo St.  br!:      i:       ti' r:  M'.:>^'Vf!:  or 
Sr.  JoiiNb  '.UL  >r.  }b i I  ;i 1       i-i  ■'•h.^'^'j  br^o-. 

Ou  the  ninth  General  f *^i  ;Uiope  passed  int.;  Iborr  i.:. 
Cam[tt  up  ai  the  S;.*iidsli  side  of  the  River  St.  John's,  and 
then  sent  the  Indians  to  :  .  -  ..dtre  the  Country.  T}n.-y 


151 


l)i'onglit  in  a  Negro  Prisoner,  wliicli  they  had  tahia  near 
Fort  St.  Die.<?o,  as  also  letters  fruni  St.  Aug.vistine.  Two 
Sloops  arrived  with  his  sii^res  and  some  of  his  Ke;2inient 
from  Frederica.  and  four  Soliooneri:  with  stores  from  Ciuirles 
Town,  and  Car)tain,  Lieutenant  ^laxwell,  and  Ensign  Bla- 
rnyer,  wit]i  a  ])etae]iment  of  the  Carolina  Regiment.  On 
the  Tenth,  in  the  jMornino:,  he  marched  for  Fort  Si.  Ciego, 
and  eneaii«ped  that  night  at  La^-anp];i,  half  wav  to  .Vninis- 
tine,  where  lie  was  ol:)]i2ed  to  '  -  •         ^  -is 

InMng  drei),  Mnd  ■    ■      ^  .     ■      ■  Uic  uii-n 

eould  n<H  carry  i  :   .  r .  :i;  ,iin  Lieu- 

tenant MaxwelL  witli  a  parry  "f  ti;';>  rerjauir  Tro«;.]is.-  and  of 
the  ^.'arolina  \{'    '        ' .    ]  •  '    •  ■  : '  ^   :  ^.  ■  ^ i : ,     '  ■ ' .  ' 

r'^kee  In':    .  -       i  ;^    ' '    ■         \  '  '  .  •  d 

^  ■     ^      about        .  ■  ^  ■       _  y    :  -      ■  :  /'i 

as  near  as  they  eoulo.  :i!id      !      K-  '.  i:    :^  ' 

nearest  tf>  it.    .\ '     ■    ^  '  ,  '      '  .    Mi  ^  :  ^     .  •  ;"tt 

i  '-^  I-  n\'--'d  verv  -■vr.irjv  in^-;..  i^"^  ;n, 

so  tiiai  they  wur-  -A    :  '  '  .r-  (.General      '  i:p 

lu^        >      i'UiiL  u]"i  •  ^  'Tie. 

lie  rode  round  with  a  v^-s  v  tew  in  ^Jompany  Uj  \ ' ne 

•  \  '  ■  '  ■  ;  /       -  «.)t    lilt  rilirr  Di-  vm;^  i  ^  •  -li; 

^.V'.  ^  .i,!,'-  :   :      -i'.^  ;':d  two  liiL-il  tu  elu; ;  Ui, 
who  wounded  (aie  a>'.l  t'  ->k  his  IIo:-se,  and  tli;.-  :  .ai 

away.  T'i^■  •  :■' ;^  ■  -'i  i..U':-d  ririn;:;.  auil  thv^  * -o^•  ral 
^urr<'U]!d-;d  i'LiCv-  \ViLi_i  _;iiards  an^i  >'.-;itri'js.  vy;.  liie 
Twelfth,  in  t!ie  morning,  he  sent  one  oi  rhe  Snanis!)  Pris- 
oners with  a  f.)]'um  to  Suniii^'n-  the  (nirri-  ::,  ^'  .i-..*  uc- 
quainteti  them  \,  iki  d;  ?  Kk-!      !  i     iuM  rceeived, 

upon  which  tliey  uk'jf-  i  ;  ■  '  ,  i  :  ^  i^.e  *Joneral  spoke 
to  the  Truops  of  both   il-.-v  .  :.i      who  were  drawn  w],  in 

Lillv      -  i::Uh-e  Mid   li.C  ,   -.  '     .  dk  - 1    dl.-;.  ':'M- 

were  u'dinig  to  give  up  'k-  /  ^  : :^'er,  ai^i  : ;.)  ad- 

mlt^the  Spaniards  to     .  .i     -   "     iili  one  voice 

agreed  to  a  CapitiUatiou,  the  an  teles  of  wii  ieli  were  as 
follows  : 


1st.  That  the  (xaiTison  should  Surrender  Prisoners  of  war 
iwd  deliver  tip  the  Fort  with  the  Cannon  and  stores  to  tlie 
iviiu^  i'i  Great  Britain. 

2d\y.  That  they  should  have  liberty  to  keep  their  Bag- 
gage and  not  to  be  plundered. 

.'>dly.  That  Seignior  Diego  Spino>=a,  to  whom  this  .Fort 
belongs,  being  built  at  his  Charge  and  on  his  Lands,  sliould 
hold  his  Slaves,  Lands  arn]  -iich  r>t[)or  r^nect^  as  were  ]iot 
already  plundered  in  tl: 

'  \    That  all  Deserters  and  Xegru  Runaways  from  Car- 
<     ;    ^!:ould  not  have  the  Benetii  uf  this  Capitulation,  but 
••■  .  :  :ndered  to  Discretion. 

The  C;.'-.  ^  '  r       .  ^  .  .    -ud  Lieut-znani  Dimhav,  Kn- 

sign-     :  '  :  :  .  '    •  ■     'Ot^nerai-  Ktji2;inR'nt, 

and  1.,.  ,      ,       ^  •    ,....;Lui  Kegi'VnMir,  v,-iib  a 

P;U'ry  ironi  both,  to.;'--  :    ■    — i^'U  of  the  Fori  raid  lii  •  -  '.^^e 

an-, I  ":   ■  ■/  - 

tiie  L..  .    \-      :  . .  ^         ■    ■      ]                ■  'li 

as  the  iTute  wa-  rakv  ii  j •u-'^v --ic^n  of.  an  alarm  came,  tliat 

Sa.:C"ur-  w:-  /  ■   :                .     'T-  ■^z.  ^  ■■  ^, 

rt-lieve  liiij  ,                  :           .                       ; ,  -  •:- 

diately  to  mo'.-r  The  Indian-  <]i-'jo\'er<r-l  -ome  ll.oi  se- 

'  -  ■     : ,  T '  \'  ;i'v\a.y,  an'!    -WC  -j'jlr'Vjl  l[ii\\<'[i- 

iii^  i-^'  ;a:  /  c'i.i^'';-,  \v^^[c\.  wa-  'hrr-e  mdes  horn,  the 

Fort,  loi:;,:  ,  iha.t  r^'V^'d  with  tweiitv 

Oar-  each,  but  [!.■,  ;:  ■  i\^rr'_^^>k  ib^-i".^,  luid  th-!>;.;is 
Wi.*re  (rone.     'J'l.     b  [iu:-m  u['0n  their  ti  ...  iv, 

bur  tht--v  i:-ot  iir..  ,    a  juid  that  they  could  irA 

ov'  a  .m.     Tb','  iii.n.u!^  tot)k  the  three  Horses,  and 

one  of  tiiV  ji.<-ii         .  '  b'=.'.j  the  (den  era  I,  ar,d  'oetween 

tony  and  idr  -  M  r-  -  _  .  Jdarc^  ui  the  C^'untry  ;  nw-j  they 
and  all  i.       • .  : 'ir- mi  fully  upon  Lit  b'jrb    The  Land 

is  ii;.''.-tl;    'i::  •        ;  'with  Lesh  wutcr  Pon.ds.  bldiere 

^v;.:-  v-r;/  :jne  v\-beal       -'^ij  ni  Lit/::') 

^iMie-  vii],  ;-Rd  a  PL.-::^a-!  'md  a.  ir.... ;  lb:;-,  .g 
■      ;e--  ,    ^  ■■i"'U[  ■!    m,u:  U'^eei  m,  ::;;g   .■^e\'erid  i.sther 

Houses  and  Stneks  of  Cattle  about  the  C<>amr;v'. 
^i'liis  name  should  no  doubt  be  DeSaus».5ure. 


This  Forx  is  within  four  hours'  march  of  Augustine.  After 
the  taking-  of  Fo}-l:  St.  General  Oaiethorpe  marked 

out  an  additional  lutrenclmient  to  bo  made  there,  left  LieiL- 
teiiaut  Dunbar  with  a  Garrison  of  Fifty  men,  and  returne<l 
to  the  River  St.  Mnthews  with  a  few  Horse,  leaving  the  rest 
"ft  lie  Detachment  to  march  at  Leasure.  who  guarded  down 
lifry  Prisoners.  He  went  over  to  St.  Greorge's  the  thirteenrh 
at  night,  where  ^Fajor  Cook,  Captain  Heron,  Captain  McKay, 
and  Captain  Desl)risay  were  arrived  with  part  of  the  Recri- 
ment.  and  also  some  of  the  Carolina  Regiment.  On  the 
fifteen:''-  I  ]  'i  ■         ^ l>aggage 

and  ,:  ,    , :  :  ■  ^   ■!  f^'it  at 

the  mouth  of  trie  Kiv        ^      :      .  /         :       ■r.  '  Eve- 
ning he  march'- •  '  '^^  ^ ;  ■  i 
a  P--'.-  --h-:  .  -  ^         -  ■ 

voy,  witii  Provi:-i' •  ["^'C 

\\  , :  •  .■   ■  ;     : .    ,  '  ■  ■   ^    ■    -   :  .      '  "     :  - 

The  General    'r/r  \],.    H  • 
woods  on  Fo*:  I  ; ;  - ' 

h::.   '    ^V;..-:  ■  ;  ^     ,  h. 

miits  fr^^'iii    >i.  iMvLr'..      PL:.,/  ^   uvo  it 

P:!'':''P  -  ;  Iviver,  and  a  \^>y.]Y      j  j,  and 

ih.  ■  :■■  .  •  )0U  as  the  EnLrli-h  rrrw^-  wi:]iin  ti\ 
of  them.  The  lla:^-.--^  i;ui-'-:d  aiwi  t  .-^k 
and  took  po-^-'.-sir-n  <.'r  ----ral  ^p^^;  ■  '  ■  winch  Ui*:' 
General  i»rcserved  fr-^n  ;  ••irninij-,  >■  ■:  ri.Liu  beiiiLi  \'"]'v 
snacious  and  LT-'od  P  ,   ;.\      tit  for  '  m :.--r>  f'.'r  ib^'  -iek. 

ike.  =  fP       I  k        ■  ■  -    ,V::..   KiilrP  ^.kd   h       C  :  >  .k 

shot  thr-jugli.  Ill  Sv\-  •  k:    -~    '  '       -  ;     ^  r 

St.  Diego  the  same  lib:  .:,  :i;i^-inL^  li:  :  :^   _  ....... .  - 

that  Day.  On  thv  FiL;ht*.'enth  tbo  General  returned  to  tbe 
Cam[)  at  the  Riv'.-r  >:  P. •  -  The  sju;-' ';;'\P'oi;;ii-  k  re 
Fearce,  in  His  ^h^i'.'.-i;  k-  k:.-  j-'k'.        -  _p  .  and  c 

tain  Fanshaw,  in  insP^Iajes-  ,  ..    uix,  cauic  to 

an  anehur  near  tin-  Bar  to  confer  with  the  General. 


r.a 


The  Cormnnuoro  had  left  Sir  i\'lvorton  Pe^'it^n  in  bis 
Mi.ije>ty'r^  Ship,  the  Hector,  and  Captain  \rarren,  in  his 
>h\jt>ty'.s  Ship,  the  Squirrel,  tu  t/ioek  Uj'  the  Bar  of  Augus- 
tine On  llie  ninereentli,  in  the  niorninir.  tlie  (  General  went 
<>n  Board  the  Coniiuodore,  and  tliey  relumed  tojzether  on 
Shore.  About  nhrhnghi  three  In<lians  came  to  him  with 
advices.    T'^:  '        "  'V  '  ■  '''■•"-';':'!■-  ]^>^\-'  ;'t 

Die-o,  ;  ■  ^  ^      "  .  i-  . 

attacked  hy  the  Spaniards  they  won-  ••:  ire  near,  but 

eamv  '    l     ■      ■  •■  ■  ^-  ■  a 

to  ofet  ready  for  iw  .  •         .  ■•;  t  > 

'.•arry  six  days'     '  - 

with  Coh--^  T'  .      ■    ■,      V:.;  r         '   /    -  ^   :  ^ 

tenant  1  _ . ...j.  .  .  ;  "  h'  ;:  ■  \  T       ■     ^  ■ .  :  ■      .  : 

and  Stewart.  Sev.:  .  :^       :  ^)ne  hundi-ed 

and  Ei-V---  '  ^  '  '  ^  : 

Larliire.  Cu,   -    .  '  ;  -    .  . 

t'?nants  Iza  :  : .  ■  ,  .       ■  ,  ■  ■    :,  ^  •  .. , ■         : _  1 

j-'-,.-'u'--  I-Mamver,  Da;;-    '  a-l    i,-i^l-on,  \vit i.;- 

<''ar'  ^  ■  .    '  >  '      ■ "   ^ .  :    -  '  ^        "     :\[  1".. ' ^  [i.  :  ae 

Moi  i  a  a ,  '.',a  .  .  .  -  .v:'  .  .a;  L>;r.  ay  rrasrai  'ae 
deUiv  in  ,ireiting  out  ra;  'r-  ■  ^ ais.  Tht.-y  tnai'-  to 
Lac;:  a     "  a  ■ .      .a  .  - .      ■         -  'a       '     '    ^  ^  a '  •  a  .a- 

men:   i;._a..:.       i.  .-a:. -.a.  -■■ar^  ^  \    .  ".a^    -     a  Li 

the  heat  of  the  day;  but  the  General  with  ra^  U  a  ad 
Company  marched  on.       '  H  a:l 

beiV)i'e  >ua-=-'  arrived  \'.a  ■  .a l.  a  .  a;_;..,  a.i;.  -.-uc 
a.  IJetavi..  ,  :  :•  --a  h-ua  all  th;;.a-^  -i' ■ 'd.  T!:>^v  T-(aa  n  ;-d, 
All  well,  and  tnai  it  was  a  :■]<:■  ;d:aa 

Garria')n  ar^d  n.  ■  .,a 

their  arms  V-j  ^  a;-...t    .    ihun,wia  . .  aa    ii  a 

returning  mistook.     T i ■ aai  marked  out  a  Camp,  and 


on  the  tweiity-jfoeond,  at  Ni.o"ht.  returiied  hither  to  carry  up 

Xo.  i!;.:.~-TLt;  i   :  V.,v.iiui:^  Wright,  Es^..  ^ 

:>^ai*y  to  the  C;/  /V-.-es. 

>"1;th  C'akoi.ixa  Co>[.  Berks,  ss. 

CnrolinLi  .  ■  :    .:     '  \       :    ■  .  ■  - 

V.\      ^    :         ;       -^.z  ^"i:       tili-  H.'lv  i:v:;ii;.:'-;;  ,  .  / 

U\ I'.i,  ut-e iar c i  : 

'■  That  Nv:    '  -  y'  ;  .  -Ma,  .v, 


kees  ;  an^.    :  .  -  '        )\  ■  ^  ^      ^  oi 

either  K^ui^. .-e-       e:  ■  .yy.e 

Thnr  th--  e^a:i\^  I 'ri^:-' ^ ,  ;•  ^.e:.'!!  th.'^^  Lilians  brought  in 

to  .    a  "  .  i^'a"--  ;  '  e.  '  fuUr  GaHrVS 

;        .   -.^  y-_.    ^  :.  ^  ^        e.^  ,   :  .'o!.n-^s 

'l^uU  '.lie;-;  ir.-eUi  :!ay  ^.a   yi  :i.y,  a'liali  >  ;a;-  \.anaral  IiLU--aa,^i 

iVuVii  the  Caiiip  ;U  St.  John'.-  for  Forr.  InaLTo.  he  left  only 
about  '  '  "   /  \  :-'.:\\^\^  "I  ih--  ia,vn  jj  ;,:  :::"y~ov"  'c 

ar.:  .  .  .  .  :  :ha  y  ..r-li  i  i:^a  \  ^  ,  ■  ■  .  .  a  o.::,  '..  h 
(.  ■    ■  .     ■   -  Sluuf;^  in  ie^      ,    :^  a 

in  that  of  rai-lina,  on  l]':»ar<[  ai'  wioaa  \"a-  all  the  eiaa.^a/- 
nition.  Ih  .  -    v'^     ^:  '  Jiui  ilia  eha-r^  were  lu  3.[,oeh 

with  Six        •  '  i  ■  ' 

.'■   That  riie  o:;v  :oa.:'       i  ;,>ina:Tal  left  St.  JohnS,  ti;a'  to/aft 

rliidk  '  _  o      -  ,  •.    ■  -  ■     •■.  :aoa    S,  ■,-  L^w  a'ooiy-  :;r: 
couiit     I  '  a;  :^        -  :   ^  : :       ■  ^  _    y  i     r .  'O ,  r 

Cover  .jya     i  a:  i        ,    a.,L  .....  .       -  ^A^y  ':a  ^  ar 

pound  era  there,  one  of  '^^^  •  ^:ai  a  nail  ■■]•  hit  hruke  in  c^.:e 
Touehdiole. 


15G 


That  about  the  Nineteenth  day  of  May  he  was  present  in 
tliC  General^s  Tent,  where  he  Iteard  tlie  General  tell  Don 
Diego,  "  That  he  would  do  him  as  little  Prejudiee  as  pos- 
sible, and  agreed  to  pay  him  for  all  the  Beefs  thai  sh-.,^uld 
be  killed  of  his  the  same  price  as  the  King  of  Spain  pai<i 
hinn  and  tliat  if  he  v/ou.d  go  oat  witli  ins  People  to  lumt 
for  Cattle,  and  Slum  Id  drive  up  ajiy  belong;:.:  •  '  r  in 
such  ea^e  he  Should  iiave  a  certain  Price  for  i:-*  :.-  i^^r 
lie..i.h 

Thai  :  ■  a  (jf  nei": '  lU-  ^  . '  : !'  ' '  •  '  ' :  at 
St.  John'^.      ..  jv  >unt  of  m,  ■  '.  .      •  .    .  al 

diad  given  out,  That  no  -  Id 

buy  any  Horses  of  the  In-'  ■    :  \  - 

proper. means  of  carry;  •/ 

TlnU  one  d;iv  h<d';:'  ,  ^      •         ,  <c, 

Jolm's,  die  Gr  :        "  Thnt  ho    -     ■        ,^   ■  ;id 


th- 


pO:;e.  whereu[ion  the  t 
to  sen<l        -  i-  P;;- 
there  ^v■  •       ' ■  : 
Garrison ;  Aiid  tluu  u 
a  Guard  tor  Pear  - 
klV  -'  ^  -  f  >r  he    ^  ; 

thi  ■        .  .  .  h,. 

eoidii  Iva^rn. 

That  of  r; 
Die^o  to  S'  .      .i    ,  . 


Men 


')  Prisoners  bn*: 
'•art  onlv  were  i 


(i~\\ur,  and  several  ■  on  Board  the  (AuoHna  ('r 


>i:'-i:irv.'d,  nor  auy  Ikuivd  Placed  uvur  them  ;  so  tiiut  suino  ol" 
them  imule  their  E.-eape  frcun  on  ]:>oar:l  the  said  Craft. 

Thnt  about  the  twenry-thiril  dav  of  May  he  was  present 
in  the  General's  Tent,  when  a  Soh]ier  came  and  tohi  the 
Ueneral  that  there  were  three  Men  of  Captain  ^viikeli's  Com- 
pany who  wore  willi no;  to  enter  in  his  Regiment  ;  upon 
which  the  General  Commended  tlie  Soldier,  and  ordered 
some  Beer  to  be  ]^iven  iuro  :  'i^'^  >:  •  -  ;  '  ■  r;o- 
nent,  told  the  General,  That  a  .  jc- 

tiee  it  would  be  <i  disadvantage  to  (  l-  m.  from  wiienoe 
our  men  Ynid  come  witli  ;    l  ^" '-^  ■  r 

that  the  said  Company  v. 

drawing  men  out  of  one  ik  .  :  .  was  n<^ 

Augmentation  of  the  i-'^r^^  :;:  :!  '\  \..^  '--/..^  iCx- 
j)ressed  son';: 

about  the  2'iti,i  of  Mr^-.      \"/_  .;;iv  a;  ■:  .    ,      -      :;:r\-  i^^en 


Sworn  before  mo  this  'Jo lb  c-f  Vi-ow  1741 


iii-NRY  GiBBES,  J.  P. 


X;^  J4--;b-:-  -.-r  r>r  ^Fr  :    ■       his  J 


of  tiiv  iweiiiietfi  of  jiay,  1740  : 

Tills  morning  at  Tw<>  o\;]<'*ck  the  (.!enr 
to  arms;  Cob  Vander<l^i-:-vi!  \v.  ;:L  ;.;'> 
The  Genera]  told  him  ■ 

he  wa-  Inf"'ri:i-:d  o  -    '        ■  : 
ga-:in^"^.  in  ■  -v^  ■  .    :  ■ 

actually  In v  -  ^  Tiie 
nrms.  "  A:  :    .  k  A.  M.  m.^v 

bundrvd  .       ^.    .  !:        ,  : 

to  rehtve  Eorl  {>it-go. 

Remains  in  our  Camp  Men.  uiid^ 
Captain  Stobo  :  and  iifty  in  the  Generai 
mand  of  Captain  McKay. 


Xo.  "25. — Deposition  of  Coi.  Alexander  A'anderdussen 


SoiTTH  Caeolixa,  Com.  Berks,  ss. 

Alexander  A'anderdussen,  Esq.,  (Colonel  of  the  Forces  in 
the  Pay  of  this  Province,  which  as-i.-nf-;^  General  Ogkthorpe 
in  ihe  late  Expedition  against  _     in--,  being  duly 

sworn  on  the  Holy  Evangelists  of  Almiglity  God,  dechireih, 
in  ans^  '  '  ^'  ■  •  '  ■  ^  -  •  inanded  of  him  by 
a  Com.;..     .  ■  .  - 

That  every  thing  contained  in  the  K  •  iken  by  the 

said  Committ':-  '        G    :   '       G  :   :.  ■ 

ihl-  .      G:,   -^..-^  ■  ~      ^        ■   ■         '    .  - 

kn'^^G.G.^•  G  :  /  :,.  ::._.,-nr 

Ana-tatia,  that  he  h^.^.  .  '  -  -  ;  '_.,\)~ 

tab  -  •  ■  '     -     '  -  -  -      ^  b, 

said  .TcuT'nal.  are  to  the  '  b^-  '  /       .-.^       ;  ;  : 

\        ■    G-eG.-^  -i  rbe  ^  );;:  ^  .  ,     e.     \ --m 

ibf:;/  ^  '  ^    -    -  .  e^     "  i. 

bb, ■  -  ..:„l-  •  ue-n  iii  rb:r;ri-  --  TownG^*'-' -"'/''n  the 
ibeiieral,  tb;;-  e  ;.ej !,\vMi. <:•!  a;],;  bbe.-^^.r'.  h.^  (,'oncert  b.  ^  .--is- 
urr-  be-  e;rr'Giicr  -  ■  "  i'e .  ;  b  ,u;  >e  (b:.- -  •  b.r 
Pla:,:e  bx-:.'.  r...    b  ".^  ^     U,-  ^ 

Tbat:  r.,.^  -v  :  ■  ^-,-::.-eG  G:.^ 

on  the  Fkir:  bt  ^ib^•  (^f  ^>r,  .^G^^b  Ri  s  ./r.  Eiu  thnt  h-:-  ._bb 
riot  til  on  call  a  Council  of  \\  ar,  nor  at  any  time  after  ^.wriwi 
llie  ExpcG'b;-n. 

Tiiat  the  General  told  him  the  r^ui^  c  ^e  lb-  Gcc  b  ^  m 
that  Piece  u'as,  in  order  m  ke.  p  en  e  c  Meiiiuiibce:- ■  .  ' 
the  S.  c  V':v^-.:<. 

was  eiec  ;•-    L  v;  c-  <o  h^irb,   e  :'        -  ■  c^     v./ev  lec"  '  ■  - 
na;e  '      ■  •••--e-  /,f  ■  ,  c  .■  : 

ami  '-J:::.  .:e;-!ier;e  e,  •  .  ,  e.  , -ini.        .  -  . 

two  of  the  Generel  s  AG  n.  he  was  told  rliey  died. 


150 


That  f''^  .  '  -v..        I.i'.  rtv^  ;.n  -  ■  ' 

the  Gene;..  ■    i 1  .i.  \  i\.  Ond  ii_i;<i'.     eu-.  i 

them  by  nii^iit  Coiisi<lera]»lv  out  of  tlieii-  \vay. 

That  when  th.  ■   . "\vitli  some  Officers  and 


tine. 

Colonel  * 
^vere  so  'i^;:o 
tlie  General 


^  imoitre  the 

. ,  ■  Foot,  \rbn 

tv  of  the  March,  di   '  ; 


lieutenant 


y 

i  t 

thiv 


to  be 


irom  !  ;  , 
the  I;.:. 

made  t^ 
bnrnt  t 

Tie:) 

of     ]:■■■  ' 

hiiio  r.. 


'K  awa.v 


^  ;.'!e;r:d  ^ 


Opinion  ;  iji:: 

will  brin^r  thein  v.^  ;-;- ;  ; 

That  bv  •  nf(<'!nati<)n 
General  i -  .:;tnd"d 


^:di  orders  i;^ 


G'jw;!'!;!:'!-.  Lt.i.)ov^  tvV(j-L!iira<  oi'  tiie  People  were  ibr  barren- 
«lerin_2:.  upon  Condition  tliat  they  should  be  permitted  to  go 
to  Havana,  But  that  the  Governor  and  i)i>iiO[.->  who  hiid 
come  at  th--  '  :    "  tlio  tinie  that  the  Men-of-AVar 

designed  U.:  -^^  v.    '      .  ^     i'-'i'-  into  it. 

Thar  the  Governor  oi  A"  .:  s  answer^  wirh  ro~peet  to 
the  Prisoners  was,  that  he  treated  all  with  hur; .-.  as  he 
desired  his  People  migiu  be  treated. 

That  the  men-of-war  having-  bcf^n  oV-lieed.  bv  a  StrC'ticr 
Easterly  wind,  to  Slip  their  '  :•  •      ...  -"v; 

Yeb-,.--',       ^  V  ■  ^  ■  ^ 

Secretly  - to  his  Station  at  Virginia,  liv./  b  .•  :>  ....  and 
Crew  of  hands    .i  - i.^ ^:  e. 

That  v,h-:        ■  :     .     -a    --;t   a-.,;-   ^'.n-.-^.    Ar:M<--'--.        -  V.- 

^bb^  L,    . : :       ■    b"  ... ^        ^-     .  .   ..  : 


111  1 


la. 


•ry  fair,  when  the  men-of-war  Set 


. i  :  ' 
beiar.-  : 
Governor  c;:  .\  ;  a 
"  That  Ciener-:  -a-  ^ 
Pieolata.  on  >^  J  _ :  - 
Sioi^e,  aiid  r  v^^--t:'.'  av 
Aninmni;      ,  ■vc,  j"-''  = 

That  tih^  - -a  ; 
to  St.  Aug^:;  -  : 
and  the  ^ii^:    .      a  ti: 
half;  Tliat  upon  the 
Quarrel  1  (wb'-^^  f  : : 
Gate),  the  ^ 
nothinir  on       "  -  t 


<  n.v-rnor  at  i..a 
-    -lav  of  Pi 


a  in  :  and  tiiat  wi: 


ri'  .l  a 

^  ;at 


IGl 

Shell  was  thrown  after,  either  from  Point  Quartell,  or  from 
Anasiatia,  a  Beil  was  rung  in  Augustine,  to  give  notice  to 
the  Peoitle  to  retire. 

ALEXAX[m:R  VAXDERDrSSEX. 

Svrorn  before  me  this  2otli  of  June,  1741. 
Alexandkk  Cramaiie.  J. 

X^x  -2  Extract  of  Lieutenant  Coh>nel  Lejeau'^  Journal 
of  the  20th  of  }Jay,  1740  : 

The  Sun  being  about  h^uf  an  hour  high,  ordei^s  were 
given,  for  marching    .  :      -       ■  '  ■  ■ 

for  about  a  mile:  ti  ■ 

mounting  overaiiic'    ^  -       .  ■    ^  - 

the  Coast :  had       : :      A  . 

Sol'lierr-.    -V:  ■  \  . 
over.    It  beim^  but  n;:      :     ■  -  ■  ■'■>" 


out  any  lire,  on  tlie    :   -  '  -^^v. 

No.  27.-~Evtn;ct  r.  A  ;..l  \" ;A '-  1-:- .  .  to 
Lieut-i       '  -  vcrnor  Bull : 

The  twenf^  -  ^^y  r.f  M;-  ,  K  c- 

The  General,  I.  and         :       r  - ,  • .  ; c  :  ^ -  iii xr  ^ia,- 
twenty-first  day  of  M:'  /      ■  : 
Bar.  ^Wr  v-,.ii^  vA:h:M  .  A  ^  -^^        ■       ■  ; 

i.ur  (kiarvl  ".       ■  '    '  y  ^  ■  . 
dians  and  Seotis  :  > ;  a  " 

^ve  gut  rialf  way;  >o  tLar  ih^iv  v-.u-  "i;!_y  \.  _  u..'.^  i: 
on,,  and  if  the-  . Spaniards  had  not  beliavovl  like  wlu:i 
are,  they  might  have  ^urnri^-ed  u>.  we  being  wniniri  . 
of  the  Ishmd  of  Anastiitia.    W.e  returned  after  viewing  t-.:- 


Ground,  very  nuu.-lv  t:it^2".i'--l  •"''•r  TT-t--^^--  not  being  able  to 
walk,  and  arrived;: 1     ,    :  Kn'k  next  uiorniiig. 

A.L EX .\  Sl  'Kli  \A\ DEii D CSSEN .  ^ 

Xo.  2S. — The  Deposition  of  Lieutenant  Bryan,  of  tlie  \"ul- 
nnteers  : 

South  •         .       ■    >■  e^s. 

Jonathan  Brvan,  late  Lieutenant  of  .ipsniv  of  \'ol- 

unteer-,        '    -      -    :    ■  ,  ' ..  ^'.^  T'...  -  ■ 

tion    aL;aU;^r   bt,   A    ..  .  '  ;'y  :-:\\.:\U  ^'H  Ui,:  11' '\\ 

Kvangeli^ts  of  Air;. 

That  be  land"d  oi\  i;'  '      :  St   du;;i;'-  :.'  'lit 


Diego,  whi 

C(">n  tinned 


Tiiat  the  Gener; 
jioiter  wit] I  a  largo 


about      '      ■.;  '..M*  of  a  Mih^'>  ili-^iaiiCe.  Thi-: 


oners  two  Xeu' 


U,  ] 


replied,  Sir,  the  Cond-j-e 

■  .      and  the  o      ;■  ■  '-arried  away  by  rh*-  1;.  ^,.;  ^ 

iroui  Colonel  Gibbt-s :   And  ; ii-r  [li^-  General  claiming-  a 


103 


i'i-].ertv  in  tliem.  the  A^)lunteers  otfered  either  to  pay  Lin: 
one-half  of  the  Salvci.c:e,  or  to  receive  the  same  from  linn  : 
but  that  he  ordered  them  to  take  Charge  of  those  Xegroe?, 
then  marched  back  to  Diego,  having  been  about  three  days 
out  upon  this  March,  and  the  next  day  took  them  away, 
nd  never  allowed  anything,-  for  th.em.  And  tliat  the  Iven- 
erai  also  tO',;-'  .   ^  '  ■  X'A:.'  ' 

which  they  Ik:- .  - 

General  refased  to  Pv  -      ^,  ■  ..  :  ^  u-v-  .  ;■  ^re- 

said,  saying  tliey  would  Serve  fori.  iuts  that  lie 

should  h^  ::  .;       '  : 

That  v-:       .    /  .    :  .                              -          ■  :ity, 

it  was  with  great  dili.  "             -  .     ■  l  ■  —  luy 

fresli  Provisions,  b-:  :                       -    -              :  . 

selve-  ;       ■'  ih-     -rv  •  ■  ; 

and  t'^  :  .:  /    ■  ,\             -^i--,   :  •  ■ 

p;. '  '  '     ■W  tiiar  V  ^     :  ^    . •                ;:vL  ■ 

T  :  ,     , .  - 

i--  .  ,  '  -     ■  '        '      :  ■ 

heard  <       ,    '  .  .     :  • :  .  -    ■     .  ■ '  ^  -  ir.  v..\.  ■  '  ■ 

W    '    :      ■  i.Ki'.-  ^  ..'  :  .     ■  ;  :      -    . - 

P,  -  ,    ^    ^         ,,.  ,    ^      ,     .       -  -         ■  '  ] 


and  took  Possession  of  F  u\         ■  ^1  Si. 

Li.                                                                            '         '  "                             -L  , 

Town.     T-  ■               ':].::  "h-r  n;.'-  i.iii:::-         ;  •■    ■  - 

neu^  wir ^ :  : /  1  --^  — '  ■■  ■  ■  ['   \.  r . ...    -  --^      vii'  :  t^'.n-  ■ 

Trr.       •        .  :  :     :     -  .      -  •              r  ■  ,  , 

the  Inhabitai:-  >  •.>■••:  '  :  and  ("'ryino; ;  he,  this            ■-.  . 

told  the  -          ;    ;       '  ■  :  '  ' 

tw              ■     .  ^.          ■  .  ■  was  tk 

for  that  if  iie  retreatt^dj  they  w<.'uM  make  preparat ■<:>ii^ 


against  his  return,  to  which  flu-  < ;      i;  1  !V|>]ied,  that  if  he 


That  a  grtiai  Ean^  .       -  Day,  some  of  the 


Caroliim  Regiment  betook  theiiist^ves  i\)r  shelter  into  a  House' 
in  Fort  Moo>a,  where  were  s*;         '  • 
and  private  men.    That  <ooi\  -  ■ 

Wdanteers  and  Carolina  orlieer>  cro  out  again  into  the 
weather,  and  was  told  l>y  *    '      :  ■  : 

them,  -'--.t  rherea---:;        '  :  >  -  ■         :  .  ■■ 

re!'!-::       led  the  .    :      ,        '    ...   ^  :  .  ~  ' 

that  he  Could  not  ■  ^  / 


attempted  to  Storm,  the  Town. 


'-e  three  Imndrii-d 


men. 


teer?^  (of  which  tlie 


.as  one)  and  ofHcers  iT  the 


of 


an 


th.  - 

th.: ; 


jiot  pur  in  Exv 
Compassion  ;  i' 


That  a  day  or  tw^^  :u"m  v,  all 


Colonel  he'- . 
an.l  oiu.'  \V 
with  a  R'r- 


Aiu  'i 


ing  met       ,1         .   ,.  ,  .  :  |  -  oi;^;    "^1  : 

allowance  of  Pro \  i-  : ,  !  diat  letc-hed  Tw 

upon  Men's  Backs ;   i>ut  that  he  hii  -    '  ' 


iG5 


re-t  i)i  liiL-  (,'uui ^'     N'oluiueei':^.  iust arrive*^  at  St.  Juaivs, 
t     <  •  •• 

SiavtMi  wirii  theni. 

That  lit;  w^i^  afterwards  at  Point  r^uartell,  wlien  tho^e  tluiL 
e:?uape'.l  iVom  the  defeat  of  Moo^a  (  '  .  er  there,  and 

particularly  reiueinl.>er-r  that  Adjimn.  .  '  ivay  had  Scarce 
any  (;'!(.)the,s  ori.  and  t«>]<.l  liliu  that  he  had  lost  his  Commis- 
sion, i^C, 

That  af^'----  -  '  '  ^  ■  r  ( \  ^^  : 
Aiiastatin.  -  .  .  ,  ^  •  .  ■  ■  ■  '.\\\      :  .    :  . 

jovned  the  Forces  tiiere.     That  the  >  '    in  ueneral, 

I .  : ' '.  cteries  on  tl ;  "  ^  ■ ;  ■  -  u'. ;  .  ^  >  ■  ■  'hi 


to 


Caser, 


the  Soaniart]-.  bui  not 
all  his  men  home. 


](>XATiIAX  BR  VAX. 


of  Mor.-h.  1741. 

J.  /\ 


Xn.  2v. — One  of  Genev^tl  O^^lothoi'j'e'^  Stipulations; 

And  I  do  furtlior  declare,  that  all  Negroes  which  have 
Deserted  froni  South  Carolina,  and  wliicii  shall  be  taken  in 
Florida  du:'^'L  r\>i.\  ^aid  Expedition,  shall  be  delivered  up 
to  their  re-i  -  ..-wners,  on  paying  the  Sum  of  five  pounds 
Sterlinii:  per  iicad  to  the  Captors. 

JAMES  OGLETHOEPE. 

No.  C'/. —  lv\-r-'"t  IVorn  Lieutenant  Cobjiiel  Lejeau  s  Jour- 
nal ; 

Tui:  .;;erir    ,  v.,v-,  :  - 

In  the  ni-ht  la^e.  th.  -  ,.  wJ         :     i       '  -  of 

Order,  he  e '■-.•.n  •  j'v:-  '^  ..\ ■  ,  .  - ■ 


\    ^  r 


^vhich 

teer-^.  nvA  r^.. 
No.  32.— D 


South  C.veolin  a,  < 


Scouting-  round  the  Country,  to  watch  tlio  Enejuy's?  V.  '  ^, 
and.  10  Endeavour  to  take  some  Prisoners ;  but  }i^  :  .  .y 
enjoyne'l  him  not  to  permit  the  Indians  to  l/arn  or  de-tro\' 
any  Houses. 

That  he  often  tohl  the  General  they  vvouhl  soon  be  tired 
with  that  way  of  Proceeding,  for  that  they  loved  to  go  and 
no  their  Business  at  once.  an<l  return  li.'me  again.  To 
vv'hirh  the  Oenerai  replied.  If  tliey  have  a  nnnd  to  go  home, 
don't  disturb  them,  let  thein  ^r*.  That  alter  about  tliree 
Wfek>  luid  been  snent  in  ra i  uiilv  for--.\ :ird  an  ;  .  .  ■ 


f 


the  Town;  but^h.::  '..  i:   ;J   ■  ii  ^  "'\  A-  v;-. 

ii^'::d  •  :  ■  .        ...    :    ;  -    ■  <  '  .  Uiat  he  k 


tlie  Spailid-.  I-'r-  -  .  :  '           .      ,          .      iv.d  u.ii  oe 

j.--;:-  •        .         .  L      v.-      :  .        V  iv' .  li.ore  })articiikirly 

P  ":  ■  :  ..    -         '  :            'i^jarv.l  liie  rT(;U'.-'a[  >  Sr-'-retai  v  -a'' 

.    .  r;a;.:vhiil                 Fort  la-..,}. 

t\]o\  -  ■  .  .  ^  . ^  .^^a  a  : ,  . .    ..  -     ] 'O-^---.^  ai 

of  A'.i}>-'           .'ii  !u-  l^aa'v- .  ^a.u            a  >  n.;  hi  Sura\-au;.r. 

D;.:^..  ^,  ^  i,..,.  r  -  7  -  -ry^    ^aa"  ^ 

about  the  Eighth  of  -aa.  -  '.-r^.l-.-rct.!  Iiim,  this  -  a..-,  a.c. 
with  about  thirty -live  laaaia-.  la  .;.  •  .[liLroiaaa  -  aa- 

pany.  the  Pangers,  and  ^  -  •        ai  i  twaj ve  ;-:^olaiL-rs, 

making  all  t-'g-'h-r  ••-:;a;  ..  k:.:  heJ  and  thirty  men  ; 
anil  to  go  with  .avl  ikilmer,  to  whom  la— :aa  i^:-  !: -d 
given  the  direaUou  uf  a-Nv      ♦<  :]•      his  k.-.-: 

and  tu  be  sure  to  keep  .  .  :  ■  out  Sr.;u,,,,:^. 
Tiiat  the  treneral  added,  la.;  a.  -  _  a         :  •  v;ath  in-  men 


to  Aiia.^tntia  :  That  when  lie  made  a  ^^iuiuil  from  tltonce.  tliis 
['ar'V  uas  to  Fire  uvioii  the  Tow'^  ].\  Xi^^iit.  That  he  heard 
0>I"i:cl  Palmer  toll  the  Genera:,  ■ 'arty  was  not  eiiougli. ; 
that  he  had  too  few  men.  upon  \viiicii  the  ri-eneral  an^iired 
liim.  That  be  v  -  h'' ^  r;  .\  :.l  tlie  next  morii- 
inir.  ja-t  ].)efor< •  ;  •  •  .•  l'::i:v  ^-  -  ■     iio,  this  L)e]><'>i\ent, 

lieani  Cok-»nel  Palmer  auain  repeat  tl^je  like  to  the  General, 
adding  the^e  wov'-.      •  ' 
Tiien  '    To  \vhi(dV  iU^  :   ^  -  -  v 

ever  he  had  takeu  po-  .  .,  ^  ~^<H)d 

him  more  a>:^i^ta]\ce.  Tliat  on  the  teniii  (hr  iie 
Party  r-r/.r    :       /    "  ^.^   -    \     ^  ' 

iiad  been  ciistnantied.  .  ■:'       i      e  ,    T::^!  ; 

Pai'  ■-         .     ■  .v-:-i.-  . 

all  ■     ::  .  -       ■     e  :  ^ 

tit:-   .  ■  :  .  . 

an  i  (  a : ^r.    i  ■  ■■■  ■         .  ^     ■  '  !  . 

r^,UiO.  >  .  .  :  ■        ~  . 

\vonld  liave  tlieir  .  -  ■  ,  i  >  '  :  - 

I)..-:  :'  ...  ....  -  ■  ■ ;  ::.  ■  , 

Pa::       ■  ^   ,\   ,        :  M:   ■      .  -■.-.■^  ..^,.;V.-;  •:  -  ::,:V- 

ing  Ui'  e''.              .  i-i.  ^            ■      ■                 ;  s;^'     '  - 

tains-,  ^;  :  .         .     :  ■  >,     .    :  -           :  ^  ^..vy  ■ 

Command,  (iid  ihA  vfS.--:  ■  .        '  ■  ■  ■        :  :    d  ihat  !i^ .  i  i: 

j         a   ;  i '            :    .  ■  ■      .  ■      . :       '  ^ :  ■ :  i        ■■'■<[    0  >. 

.  li  0'  ■  • ;  ■  n     f  '  '      ^          :  a 

of    [^:;  -  .  ^  ^  :         :  r 

dv.:-'  ■  ave/riv  uiLil         ■  -     ^  ^ 

of    i  Lvi  Wt'On  f..\'a     .  :  :   ..  ■ 

the  mt-iUi  time  the  Pamiva^  and  Indians  :  v  -'hn 

round  abrait  and  dr-^^               :  :  '  !' 

after  thu  Generals  ( ;  -    ,  . :  v.    -    :;  ..im- 

tvvelfrh,  as  this  Dej^onent  remeud.>ers.  that  Xiudft.  : 


to  liu:  0<.iicrai  ^  i  >ii"vctioQ^,  \hi:  Kaiiicers,  Iiuliau^tf,  ana  a  it-w 
of  the  PlitAiilanaeis,  wirli  Ca}>t.  ^^<'Ka\^  went  oat  and  fj.ro<.l 
into  the  T'"'vrn.  Bat  tliat  no  men  being  ;-ent  over  from 
Aiiar^tatia,  Col.  PahiK-r  freqnently  coinplained,  ii.i  tiiis  I  de- 
ponent's hearing-.  That  the  General  lia<l  lel't  theni  i-.r  a 
^^avriiiee. 

That  on  the  fifteenth,  two  }ioars  before  Day,  CoL  Pahp.er 
aiei  alraost  all  tlie  Rangt'r>  got  up  as  iisaal,  and  stood  to 
their  Arms.  Tiuit  the  Colonel  went  into  the  Fort  and 
roased  the  men  there  ;  bat  that  most  of  them  lied  down, 
again.  That  he.  this  De[)or^  '  :  iioar  after,  wa^ 
talking  witli  the  ^  .      n  iM::  ,^  ^ 

hred  very  near,  ' 

Inoians  Hiight  leave  t  •:   '  •   '  .-.a 

betook  'k-     ■    '  ■  'k,      ■    .  :  .  - 

Thi^t  :     :  .  . 

dressefl  and  soiH-  ,  i     T'i  -  i  -    :  - 

:t^-'_  •  ■     :•  k  ,      _   ,  ■  ■ 

That  he  ~  .  •  .  ,  :  k 

into  ever;  ■        '  ■       ;  •  •  Ti;:;;  :  ■ 

Sk  '  ■■  ■  •  ■  ,  '    ■  ^ 

to  Sa|  :       '        •  ■   ■  -    '  :    .V  -  >.i  Jik, 

do  it.     Ti.        "  ■  ;  - 

Gate  wa^     :  ^  ^  '  iiiy  l.v 

Flanker-     ..        :  r  --k^  ^  ^;.e  Fnemv  Ik 

sword  ill  Hand,  k  1  »y  an  Giii«-er,  wk  .  •     ••.  ti.>  I 

nont,       ' ,     ''  l    '  ;  ■       ■  ■  '  ■  :  —  .  :  '  '       ,  , 

hunr  :  ,  I  . 

and  !-       k       -  'i         i  h       ■  /  •i.^^/        r^nriny  ti ;,e 

the  Ditch,  wik.   •••■!:Mm  aial  Six   Indians  lie  r beared  a  \v-v 
thro'  the  Enemy,  opening  a  i<a>sage  as  they  tired,  a 
< ■   ■  •■  ■     :    -'^['-"-v,  in  partienlar,  kiiied  a 

li;  I   I        .:  „  zing  to  knoek  down  kirn,  thi-  . 

Rent.     'I'hat  they  wade'l  d.own  the  Creek  wideli  ran.-  by 


170 


Moosu,  about  a  mile  and  a  1     :        "  ■  V.'w.-v  ; 
Point  Q-aarteil,  where  they  i  .      \<  :      t.ui'..y  -.i;  - 
escaped,  amongst  which  \xa<  Captain  ^IcKay,  and  one 
Scroirirs,  another   otiicor  of  the  <Tenerai'<.  both    n  it 
Clothes,  the  former  *     ;■■ .    ;  .      '  ^  •  !     '  • 

two  or  three  scars 

of  Palmetto  Kovai.  and  the  i.^  -  ii  ;  ^  i i  ^.  iie  tiiiii 
Guntindl';-    '   -•'      '  ■  hu']  Thro'.'.ii  H\v.-  ' 

rhe  better  t-/  /\       '        -''V^  I'-nr  ;i:V,  . 

Lieutenant  Cadooan,  v'.-'''-  :  . 


TO 

::at 

Mr. 

iOUt 

■  rid 


l>eliei  a.nd  knitwied 


]-ariv 


■  tne  1) 


1  !.■;!! 


aiii.l  private  luiris 

heai!.;'i  Will,  1,.,/;^; 
anhnate  ilit-ni  to  ri- 
riiat  \v 


i'i        I    Tiieill    Hi  !'  •  .:vU- 


AuaM 


That  all  the  Spaid^li    1  ^--./i'tvT-  n  ■ 
tlex.'  taken  at  i>!ego,  ^^  '  ■       •         -  ; 
\\  an.  wer*' ai^vavs  at  i  .    ,  ■ :  v 

us  tiie  (fenerai  had  riveii  leave  to  Duo  1 


171 


A\: ..  V  ,  when  lie  was  in  half  a  mile  of  it,  under  cover  ci 
ti,  iinmediately  the  Cannon  of  the  Castle  played 

direeily  on  the  Generars  men.  and  obliged  tliem  to  ruireat. 

THOMAS  JONES. 

Sworn  before  nie  this  9th  of  April,  1741. 
Henry  Glbbes,  J.  P. 

No.  33. — Extract  of  Mr.  Gordon's  Journal,  tli'.-  thirty- first 
of  }-hiy,  1740  : 

"(h.'  ^tenerai  -    •   '  '-'^  '  "  -       .  :    ^"  ■:-  -  ■ 

X-...  .^  he  luul  I:         '  -  .  ;  ■ 

havl  placed  tlieir  Indians  :  'i  ''^  .i:-  -  ;h         :->:.;>.;:  - 
<li^raiice  iv        v".      ^  :   .  -       h  ~  -    -  ^ 

Sally  u^t  ■      ;    ^     :  .  .  :  ...y,  . 

he  wa-  .ii.^  y  -  :  .     ■  ,  ■  i ■       ^  ? 

which  Colonel  \'an(j^        — :         ^  ^  :  i      h  ^ 


Arnisat  tburi  T';-  h  :.         wa^  T.:;r,'/      :■  - 

dred  a;;'i    Sv       '■-■■-.y.  ^^ml;. -  : 

C:"i  ■■      •  /    '  ■  ■^iMiarLu  ii^en,  and  ai  ihve 

T  h '  ■  '    ■  '     '     '  ■  .     ■  ■  •  ■ 

Xo.  34. — Extinct  of  Lieu  tenant  Colonel  Lejeau's  Journal, 

of  the  thiriy-hi-c  of  May,  1740  : 

After  passing  ^oine  Crs:"-k-  -iih  '"^Wi  -'K.i'j  lidvd  Ma^'-ht^s 
in  seveial  Places,  in  a  X..:        /.uh  fail  of  h    i:-  :  li 
so  CausevtMh  bv  rouixh  i....: : ;  :  :  ^ „;  m  rh-  X'uiu        r  ;  > . 
o'clock  canie  «'>vv-r  a  hue  run  of  WLi:er,  w  lie  re  the.  Re,:. . :  .  r 
baited  in  a  Line  irontinij:  tie-  ihi-iny;  h)ut  Guard-  ^ 
[  hiU'd,  th*'      n  lav  '^u  ::.r]iL>  ail  niizht.     Frouj  iu  '^'j 

L)  [hi-  ha;..-v^  i.-  ubuur  •    -   ,  Miles. 

Xo.  35. — Extract  of  Liciueuaut  Cohue  1  Lrj can's  J"^^r'  d, 
of  the  fir-t  of  June,  1740: 

Re-i,  .     h;   :d,u:)ut  ibur  in  thr-        :     ■       n>;;r;.  ; 
Thenee.  passed  over  some  bad  Runs  ana  Riijees  of  Mar-li, 


luui  Mue  irouMe  ^euiiii^  !:>vt  r  die  i  ^ 
(/clock  luul  a  iii'y'iii  >i<-vii\  oi' Thunder.  1. 
aud  so  dark  could  -ee  notliing  boibre  u- 
one  wet  to  tlio  Skiii,  a^^  w<A[  ni^  our  arm. 
ir  beca'  i  ■ ':  ,ir  a<i'ain,  and  at  last  <■ 
Palm'  I  .  .-.  <evt-ral  out  Houso- 
about  i\n  hour  wet  a:<  we  were.  tL' 
uiarch  a.gaiu. 


til'     ■    -  ■      '   ^             '.  ■„..  ^  ■     ,  ■ ' 
sion  at  ail  ' ; 

I>i..__,,    r,.  .!                                       ,  ,     .    •  ■ 

iu  iL.-  t'Ciierar:^  Pay,  a  ^  .  '  ^ 

•[  The  (r,n<-ra]"-   lb-..,  -  \ 

^  :■■  al.d  I-hi:;u,,-,  iiiai.;  ,  .  .  . 
liuudred  and  luirlv  uieii,  and  to  '.nareh 


173 

Xei>-ro  I  'ori:.  caihHi  Moo^a.  wiiiiin  iwo  Miier;  from  -St.  .Viigu.-- 
tine.  ivnu]  whence  lie  was  to  make  exciir>^ions. 

That  he  liap|»onv(]  tr,  be  hy  wlHjn  the  t^ieneral  toiu  loh>nel 
Painter  (  wiio  went  with  tho^^e  Forces,  and  afterwn.rvU  told 
this  De[)onent  that  tliey  were  ]>y  a  W^rbai  order  of  tlic^  (jen- 
eraL  to  be  advised  ai"j<l  directed  by  hinii  to  alarm  iht.*  Span- 
iards ill  Augustine  as  often  as  he  could  :  And  thai  \:-:  .-ils?/ 
afterwardsiieard  Caritain  McKay  and  Capiain  jicliir'^^ii  say 
they  liad  the  same  orders  in  writing. 

That  the  neck  of  Land  leading  to  St.  Augustine  \\as  so 
narrow  that  the  Enemy V       '  ■  \:<>'.  b  •  <>bserve«l  so 

Avcll  anywliere  as  at  or  :u  >■  .  ^ 

That  when  tliey  arriv^  -i.  Th^*  Foot  bf-^au  i(» 

Camp  within  the   •  '    ,       .  ' '  , 

fore  taken  down,  a.;-.  ^-  v  .i.ii  J: 
by  the  Generab  Colonel  Pabm-; 
tiiereof  Saying  that  he  b  '     ^i^v-;    ■  :  -  .  '-n 
without  in  o[.,  ^  ■     ■  -  . '     ;  ;  ;. 

all  n.nr.'  -b  .  ■ 

whici;  ^  .  ,     .         -    ■         <   .    ■      .         =     ,         .  _  - 

ing,  lait  b  -  . :  .      .  ■ 

of  the  M:- 

tliQ  Ibihgt;  -  .    ■  ■  :  ■  • 

expre--iitLr  any  Uiiea-  <  _     :^  '  ■. 

PrOVi-'     ^       ,  :  ■    ^    ,::  ,  ■ 

nor   \>--:\::V'  .       .  (.;•  -   ■     .  .i  ■ 

tinie  in  il?e  l'^)rl  evc^?- abt-r.  wiiii-:    .   -  i '-oniu'i' i  -  -- 

(:-nT.    That  tlic  Culo!;:  :  :  i.bv  -   .  '  ■  ;b.- 

M(d\ay  and  Al'diitosli  wlii^bi  '  .  :  •         .\  ; 

ticularly.  tisa.t  iht.-y  sliould  all  ri<i^  ai  i-eri-v       :       ■  • 
an*  1  Stand  to  tie-ir  Ar rii^.  be^'N  ■  b     .  :    ■  ;  ■ 

used  to  make  an  Attack.         ;  fi(,u-  b.  C^    (  : 
often  Went  twice  in  a  morning  into  th--  1  Vir,  : 
up:  liut  tiiat  it  did  n<>tseem  t«»  be  rega^Nicd  by  Th'  Thar 
he  often  fell  int;*  a  ['a--:  is  them  on  ti-.  •-  .■■•••..•'■.•uni  ; 

Telling  tlscm.that  he  .valie  o  lo-  v^-  -bib. 
lait  that  they  la\'  like  (1o;l^s  to  Lia  .         :    J  -  ^        .  lait 

iliis  1  H  iionent  ofteir. heard  ium.  wisli  himself  awfiy  ibr  that 


he  never  saw  such  Men  in  his  Life  ;  that  they  did  nor  regard 
his  advice,  and  he  had  no  Commission  from  the  General  to 
Shew. 

That  this  Deponent  ne\  •  ■•  '  -r  wii.»  h.-.d  ti:e  Chief  Com- 
mand. That  McKc:  "  St-.HnG^i  to  act  alike  in 
every  thin*:.  l)iu  i  ay  a  LeH^r  c-omincr  from  Coh>- 
nel  Vanderdiissen.  directed  to  th-.-  -'r  -  iUeer  at 
Moo^a.  he  saw  Ca^^  \  --'          ■     '  ;  ;            ,  •!  - 

Tluit,  pursuant  \  ■  /  .     .     ■       <;nvn  and 

the  Georo-ia  Rangers,  Colvm: ;  ■  ii .        Kav.  he 

made  V'  :  :  '  ^  ^       ■        ■  "  ■'  - 

rovnid  ... 


up  a;: 


lat 


Thar  on 


yar  i-       < , 

\Vt'!W 

U-Ual.      ']'■,    ■  ^      ■    •  \ 

inakc\  'i-^^'  '   .\  . 

liad  ['ui  oii  id-         -       .  ■   ^'  v-  : 
awake,  he  iiOiird  tii-  \V.^:  -  , 
Fort,  for  there  i^     ' '  ■  ' 
any  more  fi'ian  oit:.  .    ^  .-. 
were  fuHow^-il  irame;h.;iteiy  l>y  a 
Toon  wlii  di.      t!:e  Colonel  iiad 
on  S';'-!;        ;  ^•■••>;d.-n,  F-  ^■  i*!;  h'- 

<'^r-  -         :■:       -  ^  - 

landers'  Yiv-  w^'i^wi  Else  endanuv 
the  Enemy.    Tliat-u  consr-  "..  ' 
both  sides  for  some  time; 
perctived  the  Enemy  wa-  ,   .  . 


;    i .  1 1: ; ! 

■ird  H., 


arms,  ^vr 

>  0.  i  ,  , ; ;  r  : 


1.;-:  ot 


•rt  at  Chib  Vv'ork 


175 


harking  and  Slaj^bing  in  a  terrible  manner  •  «^:o Thv/n,a^ 
.Toiie>  junnie'l  over  the  Wall  into  the  Diti.\..  :-.-ie  this  Ue- 
ptJiient  was.  and  Ho\d  t\\e  Fort  was  taken,  it  was  all  ov^-i',  all 
OUT  people  were  kiliei.l,  and  above  two  hundred  Spanic;rds 
within,  and  a'!-'--  ^  m  make  their  escape  inimediatr'ly. 
Upon  wiiich  h  \u<  iJrutlier,  an^l  -aid  Crrave^^  ;}rid 

Jone-^,  made  his  way  ihrouirh  the  Enf^nr.  '  ^  ;  (by  the 
way  Shooting  an  Indian  liui.t  was  goin^  ■  k ;;ock  down 
Jones)  to  a  Creek,  through  which  h<'^  w  ;  ;  ■••.r.wn  'with 
iorne  others  thjithe  found  thei-.-.  ;.-  ',o 
Iliver  opp'-  _  ;r 


Li-;..  ...      V..-  ^  .      .  l-Jiv.  V.  ,  . 

upon  tlu-ir  waving  t<-t  ; . ;  ^  , .  ^-.i  •  ^  m       •  ^  r.W  '  :  •  - 

Boat,  being  -5  men.  \Vh:f  ;  ■         ■  -md  ian-...     ; n.  Oi 

UIM.U  p:-.!:.^   (  p!-''M 

And          i ^  ^     v , -d  ^  ■  ^  ^ .  :     i  i -u  tlu.  {]■  i.-  \\:[ 

firsl  marched  towards  Ai-':j^'-::n' ,  j              <:n'-  i'e 

and  a  half  *•[''',!;':•  hair vd     ,  -'  vi^::;  ..  d: 

Thar  therH.;:...;,  i'..].  ^^i-;.  :  e..-. .:■„,;,  i....',. 

way  tn  enter         .    ■    ,  .  at  rhr-             :  ^\  i.^ 

!!^v-'.-:     ■     ■    :         A.  .  ,  :              ...  :.;u 

SO  loiiii:  sirict:-  i.    .  .     ■  .  -  ' . . 

Town.    That  a  Xegroe. then  present  (  whu  had  desertud  to 


17*3 


iiiiu  I'roiu  Augusuno  to  .L>it.*gu)  gave  aDothor  accoiini  winch 
nm^t  be  rigdit.  (  •.vhicli  Nogroe  wa.s  at  large,  and  stiled  a  (^ap- 
tain  by  Intn-.  That  he  knew  ^vliat  he  had  lo  do  I  That  it 
wais--the-<.'ustom  of  Armie.s.  alway.-;  to  shew  themselves  to\ 
tlie  EneDiy  first;  and  to  make  a  feint.-  Accordhigly,  tliat 
the  Army  marclied  away  to  Moo:^a.  a  iittl?  I.feliiiid  tlien.i  on 
one  side.  thcU  the 'Indians  wlio  assistcii  in  the  ExpGdition 
told  him.  the  said  r)e[''-Mir^'".  •  ;•      •  ' 

Vrt;;neral  was  iipori  the  Islai,. I  ■ 'i'  /ii::' -  .i ' :  ■[.'., 
to  go  over  the  River,  arid  !)urn  the  l^nvn  ;  \mi  that  the 
(Jnneral  refused  leavt\  -  v-',  ' 

usvhn  tr.  !T>. 

wi  .  ,  \  : :  PA  LAI  ]■:■:. 

Sworn  1        •  i^'  ■     ■-  ''^^h  of  F(;hrinirv.  1741.  . 

x^..  :j7      '    ■  :  :  -        ■  : 

SoUTTT  ('ARi'^  fXA,  ^  '■  ■::    ■  '::i:':s. 

^  -  .    :  A      A  ^^--i::     t;.<-  a 

-  •      '  '   : , .      :   <    ■  ^  ^  ^at  \vh<  ■  '  •  ■ 

get  no;:            '  ■  :  ■  '•. 

That  th'-  i     .  .  .      .            ■              .  :  A  . ;  '  - 

reeoni)'  -      •  '  ^     '         ■           ^  .A 

Carolii.;        -  .:'  . •             :            '   •  ■  ,-. 

sight    of  ri         I  .    :'::'<      :  '     ■     r        a    ■  :         -  ••  ■ ,;;  :■ 

from       ■  -  -.^--rA:'  --.^  „  ^  ■ '   .  -  "  .  ■    ^  A  A  ^ 

orderevi        \' >  '       :         :  -    '  ■  :    ^  -        ,  :• 

|!Oi"ieiu"-<  RtMii        .  ■ .  •    ,  .      ■^  '    : ,       '  ;  ■  ' 

:  ■  ■'  :  -  1  - ti.)  g<,»  Up  aiul  tore-  ■'!'■' :  ill, 
V'iOell  tin-  ;    '    i  :     ■      •       ■  ^   :  ■  ^    ■     ,  ■  /       ^        '  '  - 

groes  in  ■.         , .  ■■■ 

(-renernl,  who  kept  them  lor  his  own  use,  re.'-.         '  \v 


177 


any  Unng  for  the  Salva,u'0,  but  as  he  hoard  hlained  their 
ra.-?]i  Conduct.  That  when  the  (-reneral  marched  with  the 
whole  Array  to  Augustine,  and  came  to  a  dividing  path 
,  within  two  miles  of  it,  W'  ^  '  '  v  haired,  lie  iieard  Colonel 
.Palmer  otfer  him,  with  ;■  ^  r  part  ot  the  meri.  to  enter 
the  Town  and  set  it  on  tire,  wiiich  the  General  refused; 


That  whilst,  at  ^U 
and  some  of  iliC  W-li: 
the  Car'-lii:-  J " 
¥01"  U  r,  '         •  :  ,  - 

tli-  ^         ■        ;       i^  i  [ 

O'  ;  ^     ..    .  \ 


to  Ft.' it.  Mlm  '-a,  iiO'.'Ul  a.  .  iUc 


the  (..T^n>;: ^ 


1 


of  Cixv 


1 1 


he.  ;:! 


That  Col. 


Palmer  also  went 
.\  the  tenth,  all 


1  hat  v,  \\':\ 


came 


That  r^A. 


■\.iiemaini.ler  lo^t.) 


ITS 


I.  -Ta>.  X.  Lip-oouib,  Secretary  of  State,  (_lo  riereby  cert'lfy 
riiat  tlie  tbre:::joing  is  a  true  0->py  of  the  Appendix  to  the 
Report  of  the  Expeditiou  to  St.  Aivl: ■    ii^.  .      r;  ' - 
this  oliice,  in  \'oiuine  T.Al'ouncil  .1  ;  .  -  ■ 

Fa^je^  4S5  to  518  inclusive. 

'Witnes.s  my  hand  and  th  ■•  •  Seal  of  the  State  at  C'V)- 
Iiimbia,  South  Giroliu;!.  thi-  -i  day  of  July,  A.  P. 

18S4.  and  in  the    ,         -Ired  ar  '  ■     ■   :  .i^i.     :  : 


Letter  f- 


CHASM 


2d  July,  lT4h 


J':;.ilUnr\-  1^4t. 


*'  of  ih.-^ 


does  not  appe. 
caret  a  1  f  >:  -  ■ 


U  I  i. 


umes  i:i 


A'erv  ivs^'x  ^■•  V, 


ADDRESS 

DEI  IVFRtn   BEFORE  I  H!-: 

SOUTH  CAROLINA 


Historical  Society. 


1  HFTR 


TWEMV-FIRST  AaX1\'ERSARV 


?J.vv  10.  .t8;6, 


WILLIAM  J.  RIVERS.  L-O-. 


■  Cli    R!  .LS^^^-^'S;,  -> 

••HE  XrWs     .  -  :     .  _  :. 


SOUTH  CAROLINA 

Historical  Society. 

The  meeting  of  the  S'^uth  Carolina  Historical  Society, 
:iekl  ill  Charleston,  on  Friday,  IMa}-  19,  1876,  was  the  first 
mniversary  celebrated  by  the  Society  since  the  war. 

The  Hibernian  Hall  was  nlied  with  a  kr-^e  and  brilliant 
iudience.  The  officers  of  the  Society  and  a  lari^e  number 
Df  gentlemen  occupied  seats  on  the  platform.  The  Presl- 
Jent  of  the  Societ)',  Prof.  F.  A.  P::'kCUEi;y  introduced  Mr. 
Rivers,  with  the  following  remarks: 

Fric}id^a>,dFLiloiv-ciiizins:  .'\s  this  is  the  first  appear- 
ance in  public  of  tl\e  Soutii  Carolina  Historical  Society 
5ince  the  war,  you  w  ill.  I  trust,  indulge  me  for  a  brief  space 
while  I  explain  our  position.  Theobject  of  our  organiza- 
tion, and  em.inently  that  of  our  revival,  is  to  coiiect  and 
preserve  among  ourselves  tlae  memorials,  by  means  of  which 
I  true  and  faithful  history  of  our  State  may  be  studied  ;  and 
with  this  end  in  view,  we  appeal  to  your  benevolence,  }'our 
patri-.;ti-.a^_.  and  your  public  spirit.  To  say  more  on  tliis 
topic         would  be  unbecoming. 

In  seiectirg  a -gentleman  to  represent  us  on  this  occasion, 
ruir  e\'es  were  turned  spont;^.n -^ou  W)  ,  almost  instinctiv'dy, 
on  one- who  -had  not  only  n i.s  mark  as  an  historian  of 
South  Carolina,  but  on  \  ■  e  had  peculiar  claims  as  (^ne 

of  the  (bunders  of  the  ::-i>:.iety.    Tuenty-one  years  ago. 


4 


this  cla\%  he  and  I,  together  with  the  late  ve'/^  Dr. 

»i;y.  i  RiK,  were  appointed  to  draft  a  plan  of  oi'l  .in. 
To  us  were  coiriniitlcd  the  working  offices  of  tiic  >■  ■:;et\\ 
I  speak  of  ra)\seh'"  because  I  am  not  willirig  to  fov^-^xj  what 
httle  inerit  I  deserve  for  the  prosecution  of  the  wov'k,  but 
I  must  honestly  confess  that  it  is  to  the  zeah  the  cucr;^)-, 
and  tile  intelligence  of  my  friend  that  the  Society  o^ves  its 
success.  We  worked  well,  but  ^'  ■  '  oie  associate--  ■  -  '  - 
most  among  whom  I  must  ment^  :  .  art  CakR'^:  :  ar-i 
Ogdex  Ha\IM()Xi:),  men  wiio  knew  what  to  c!  >  '  hovv  to 
do  it.  Above  all,  we  worked  uiidc:r  j 
the  entire  onhdence  of  t!ie  per^pie.  ...  MiO.-c  --P;A  - 
well  done  w as  it-elf  a  reward.  That  chief  was  FET.n:;i;i'.  • 
After  the  war,  it  secpicd  almost  ]'u-)pcless  to  attempt  to 
organize,  kr  "' amu  was  gone.  M'"»VL'rRiE  was  gone.  Car- 
R(»LL  and  :  ..A.  .  jXiA  were  gone;  ar'd  R  IVEks  was  uca  liere 
to  help  us.  But  we  hoped  that  A.  ...  ole  of  Soaa-  -k-.iro- 
lina  would  cliecJ-  on  those  rtArJ.eavor  rr>  -'AA/ix-e 

the  Societ}-,  a-.d  last  SuA>:;;jr  w::-  .  .;.e.  Wc  then,  felt 
that  the  next  best  thing  to  having  our  old  frietv]  i->  Aork 
with  us,  would  be  to  h-ivQ  him  represent  us  before  \"0u  oi^ 
our  anni\'ersary.  The  call  Vv'as  made,  and  it  was  prornpthe 
answered.  And  iiow,  ladies  and  gentlemen,  I  have  the 
]kcii.sA re  of  inirodu^Aig  to  you  -  iVofessor  WILLIAM  JA^■F^ 
RU'ERS. 


Mr.  Rivers,  after  being  enthusiastically  greeted  by  tlie 
audience,  delivered  his  address. 


ADDRESS. 


The  honor  had  been  assigned  to  nie  to  deliver  the  last 
Anniversary  Address  before  the  S <..>•.:  iv.-ty :  and  I  did  so  at  a 
tin"ie  when  tlie  reverberations  of  the  -  '  t!;e  rM^-  i  ;vv 
bombardment  of  Fort  Sumter  bad  sc  ^r^v-^.  died  a  was-  '''i 
the  ruffled  waters  of  our  harbor.  In  apoearinc^  before  you 
on  this  First  Anniversary  of  your  aus[  '  \  re-'/a-^-anized 
Associ",  '  a; -aiot  but  bear  in  my  th  . ;  •  -  i he  d;s;istr ai-s 
period    ..  aitervened  :  its  terr: ^e:  e^aa ac^-.  its  vi^ 

ries.andcc    :   ■  -  -  .e...  :  .-a-  il.r.  of  the 

oppre^--  :  - 

our  hu,r;,;aea.         :■.-•a,^;.■^       ...    .        .      ■    ,  ia;/ 
pated  that  on  an  occasion  Hke  rras  .^er         p;hts  could  'lot 
be  altogetlier  diverted  a-ia  '     :  -ricai   si^^nificaraa-  of 

the  eventfid  -a-^-^d  througi>  a  i, v.  c  aave  passed.  I  wouUi, 
however,  v  .  retire  from  tile  duty  \vhich  \'0ur  partiah- 
ty  iias  assii:(ned  n^e  rather  than  d\\'eU  too  minutely  aiKju 
our  afflictiaL^  experience,  <a-  recaU  to  your  recralectioii .  in 
this  hour  of  our  re-unioii,  any  disc(.)uragia^  aspect  of  the 
realities  which  confront  us  on  every  side.  Uur  endea\or 
should  be  to  look  above  and  beyond  the  ruins  of  our  former 
prosperity.  Let  us  remember  that  the  shadows  from,  a 
stormy  sky  flit  from  us  when  the  changeful  clouds  arc  g  ^na  ; 
and.  that  the  obscurity  of  night,  even  if  there  be  no  n  a  ' 
nant  g:  -'-^ •  ■  .  \  fides  away  at  last  befor..  a  e: 
dawn  ;-~  e..-,.  ,.e    adency  and  the  gloom  of  a  sorrov.-- 

ful  discomhture  shall  not  rest'  forever  upon  us,  but  wiH 
decrease  and  disappear,  as  they  are  now  decre;.-  !  : .kI 
disappearing,  in  the  faint  dawning  of  a  more  che:ra:a,  a 
n^iore  hopeful  day,  thougli  we  may  not  call  it  yet  all  cl  aed. 
less  and  serene. 


6 


it  was  the  purport  of  my  former  addre-s  to  trace  the 
out~growth  of  tiie  spirit  and  f<^rms  of  repub;^c:i]i  go\'ern- 
ment  in  our  colonial  history,  detached  from  the  histor\-  of 
other  American  settlements;  inasmuch  as  our  forefacliers, 
taking  up  their  abode  on  the  margin  of  this  vast  Continent 
with  impenetrable  forests  around  them,  stood  separated  by 
the  breadth-  of  tlie  Atlantic  from  the  mother  country,  and 
held  but  V."  ■  ■..••-course  wit);  th.c  n\oro  .X'Wtlic!'!!  co •'■>.. lies, 
hcitv.^  b.  '  >  .iiem  b)'       ].io!idcal  W'Xvw^c.^.  wiuite ver.  It 

w  ..  '  ;   \  f'-.rtune.  too,  to  be  renioved  b\-  tiieir  charv:;r 

from  the  immediate  protection  of  the  crown,  and  to  i'vik 
for  help  only  to  the  fV  !       >■  ,:::nt  of  a  Board  of  Vro- 

prietors,  who  lived  in  uti.-jrcHC  nemisphere.  and  u-ho, 
destitute  themselves  of  efficient  resources,  left  tlieir  coloni^^th. 
in  their  iso^ited  position,  to  their  o\vn        n nance,  and 


for  "he  mo>:  ;.;-.rt..  to  their  own  defence  agains:  •:. ft  recurring 

an;;  ..,!!:^..    Our  early  Instorv-  ^i!0',vs  tliat  the\' 

m;:-:-'.  .b  ihcmsclveN  ;Lnd  :t:-:iri!cf.u  ^ui 

seh-rc;  \- .  .  .  \'^^v-k  out   their  own  sr)ciai   anci  p;'ii:;c:d 

advancv.  :v.  Tlie}-  had  brou.ght  with  them  from  their 


English  jiomes  the  principles  of  civil  hbvrrty,  evi:)lved  there 
by  the  arduou-  contests  wliich  terminated  in  the  constitii- 
tional  guarantees  of  i6S8.    Tiiey  had  brought  Vvdth  tliern 
a  loVc  oi  niorality  and  religion,  as  is  evinced  by  their  early 
enactm>ent-  .'.gainst  idleness,  intemperance,  and  profantt)', 
and  for  tlie  proper  obser\-ance  of  the  Sabbath.    They  asso- 
ciated Vvitli  themselves  the  zealous  and  thrift)^  HugucU'jts 
who.  in  considerable  numbers,  sought  refuge  here  from 
religious  persecution  in  their  native  land.    They  v/elcomed, 
from  every  quarter,  accessions  of  physical  strength,  and  ail 
that  might  ju-omote  the  virtue,  intelligence,  and  industr}"  of 
the  community,  and  the  libercd  spirit  of  their  political  ten- 
dencies.   Hence  they  soon  became — not' as  a  mere  depend- 
ent .portion  of  a  larger  nationality,  a  branch  -without  life 
save  by  adliesion  to  the  present  stock — but  rather  as  a 
vigorous  shoot  transplanted  to  a    -      -oik  and  acquiring 
thereby  fresh  powers  of  se!f-devc.       ...... I.    In  other  w...rd-, 

there  was  engendered  in  the  new  color.y,  as  fully  as  in  any 


7 


American  colony,  an  au!.,^rnented  propulsion,  as  it  were,  in 
the  direction  of  ius  ov  ,  '  ;cs,  \vhich  had  been  froni 

the  beginning,  towards  a  _  •  resentatire  v-ern- 

nient  in  preference  to  tl- ...  ,    locratic,  an.^  suon- 

archical  forms  of  the  old  count;'}'. 

The  crowning  chararrcristic  of  our  people  is  iov''  mi 
their  legislative  and  cot'tsti'tutional  history.    While  tii.- 
emigrants  were  gatherine,  together  in  England,  the  genius 
of  her  most   :'■  '^her  and  the  state.-. nvtnly 

exf    :^-'*~  ■:e  of  iWj-c  -^n..  ^:ocided  the  fete  of  tl:...  v 

m-'  ...  :h,  were  busy  in  fr-rmdng,  in  t \ m e  fjt  the  en".  ..- 
tion,  a  model  of  government  desigp.c-i  -.-.^t  to  prevent  m 
the  new  cr>'  >o^-  -\  ;       •  -.f  do;,i"vratic  power: — an 

event  whi-:".  .        -      - cn3alcd.     Again  and  :..;:.ain. 

in  nve  forms  within  less  than  thirty  years,  this  ch'.'  ■' 
model  war-  '      '>_-^cnt!::d  '      ^-'j^MjUince,  .  . 

often  qui.  .       .  >  rc>ted 

i^rant  co!"!'..  '  .  .  -  "; ...n ;Tence  ■ 

be  necessary  ('"i.  the  e.-'.. be -n; iienl  ee  e.  e-f  governiviPiit. 

Indeed,  the  oeop'ewere.  a--  b}'  inheritance,  capable  of  tli em- 
selves  t-.)  originate  and  enforce  whatever  enactments  their 
own  condition  and  we  da  re  might  demand.  They  had  not 
b ''■""- ^ e"'' "  been,  co\v:'"t;y  \r.  bi^     iiearts,  a  disposition  to 

oo!.       e,  o..  ;  U' ei:!'>a,  a  '  i';:oo.^  o  lIou  c*  >  conspire  against 

or  thwart  lawful  authority — but  only  their  inclination  to- 
wards sed-government  emanatiiig  froin  habitual  hone  '  - 
ences,  and  from  an  enlightened  knowledge  of  English  o;..,.e,  -. 
and  privileges,  in  the  atn"ii:>splicre  of  which  they  had  b:u,l 
their  being.  Although  incentives  enough  must  liave  spriiii':r 
up  ipi  the  newnicss  of  tlieir  separate  position  on  a  ,  ■  r- 
continent,  to  lead  such  emigrants  as  they  were  to  ine  .  .  - 
ence  of  thought  and  action,  yet,  in  addition  to"  this,  the 
proprietors  them.sel\'es — no  doubt  unin.tentionally — had  pre- 
pared in  their  model  of"  government  the  }'east  of  continued 
•political  <Ludy  and  agitation,  and  sent  it  along  with  the  car  ;o 
of  tlte  .first,  vessel  that  bore  our  a:ve.:-oow  to  the^e  ^^Iv.-.res. 
They  were  not  leit,  after  tin:  seib..Hic!ri  of  the  ccbo^'o  io'.  l 
been  successfully  effected,  to  tlie  quiet  pursuit  of  their  o,  e.  ,  - 


8 


rial  iritert'5t.s  :  bi.it  for  tVs  O  g;enerations  \vere  constatuly  urged 
by  the  persistent  maladministration  of  those  who  held  the 
charter  of  the  Province,  to  the  investigation  and  vindication 
of  their  rights. 

During  the  one  hundred  years  of  our  colonial  history  tliere 
is  a  continuous  thread  of  discussion  on  legislative  and  con- 
stitutional topics,  with  successive  triumphs  in  behalf  of 
i.opular  claims,  leaditig  through  to  the  revolutions  of  iyig 
and  1776.    The  gen-'-  -- .--^       i'--:  ■ /        '  ^^f 

.  a  fertile  soil,  and  cc-.:.  ...  .      .         ...  .  ,  ...d 

abundant  wealtli.  had  leisure  to  devote  ti"!-.  ji  v^-s.  co  the 
acquisition  of  meiit''.:      .  ..iiiuMit:?  3.1: >i  :   ..  .  - 

of  parliamentary  hi-.i  .  ..  tiie  oCiencc     .   /  .u. 

^lany  of  them,  reared  in  the  schools  and  coii >•{  Iv.. ;i, 
with  minds  enriched     •  di  a  courtly 

■  ;  ■  _   ...    J  .         ^   their  W  i  . :     - .      .  ! 

■   .  1:'.^  ■  ■       :  =         ;  ./^nent  of  their 

c     :        .  •  '  .tutatiuii^.     l  :icy  \\\.  -    '  ;  ;i  cvcv  l  i-ady, 

V,,.  .       ,^      'ir  pen,  to  discourse  c.e:,.^  ■  ::      ...  i;;-arned!\' 
snbiects      -t-.ite- man  ship  and  the  public  interests.  Their 
V  ;         :<.)lonial  history  exc:v        :s  their  •'•leiual  Culture, 
ex:<'  r^. Li  character,  and  thor-.^  .;....a;  L:ainin^x  <         ■  \  the 

th.cory.  -..-'X  uhe  p.'a.-..i;cal  work  in. g  ■  out  o)  i.  .  .  ..  xinve 
,  de?ne>C'.v.icy.  It  is  not  t''i  ere  fore  surprising  that  when  Mas>a- 
chusetts,  in  1765,  sent  forth  the  first  call  for  a  union  of  the 
colonies,  the  respon'se  that  rendered  such  a  union  effectual, 
.  came  from  the  Assembly  of  South  Carolina :  a  union,  to 
use  the  lar;guage  of  that  da)',  to  defend  their  right  of 
making  their  own  laws  and  disposing  of  their  own  property 
by  representatives  of  their  own  choosingd'  Nc^r  is  it  sur- 
prising that  ten  y  ia-.v;  latur,  on  the  defection  of  the  K<.)ya! 
gover (--n:;:n  liere.  Ovir  lathers,  ii'a'.'  .  '  .  X' e X;  tliuir  aidec- 
tioxf.a-  a- ar  mother  country,  a  x  die  Southern 

colonics,  and,  I  believe,  the  nrnt  in  ail  the  colonies,  to  frame 
for  themselves,  as  they  did  nearly  a  half-year  be'"  >  '^x 
Declaration  of  Independence,  a  constitutional  gOv^;.  a  -  x 
ba^ed  on  the  authority  of  the  people.     This  provisional 


9 


c<-'nstitut!()M  was  followed,  when  ruc(^!ict!iatioii  wiih  Er.gl.iiu] 
appeared  no  longer  possible,  by  the  constitiitioii  of  1778, 
which  was  again  modihed  in  1790,  to  conform  to  th^at  of  the 
new  union  :  and  finally  readied  its  perfection  as  a  frame  <j\ 
government  b\'  the  established  equilibrium  of  re!)rescr.t:itio!! 
and  power  between  the  upper  and  lower  sectioijs  of  the 
State,  about  1807,  obliterating  all  possible  occasion  of  dis- 
cordance between  varying  interests,  and  dissimilar  elements 
of  population,  and  of  taxable  wealth,  and  combiriing  cver\- 
section  in  kindh'  regard  for  each  other,  and  in  patriotic 
unanimity  of  action. 

Mere  our  wisdom  in  self-governnient  culminated.  W'e 
were  one  pe         •      •  '  ^    .-piril  animated  all.  Every 

interest  was  ;  .  ...  .   ^     -.erdcd  and  protected.  Jus- 

tice, truth,  and  honor  directed  our  public  council-  :  i-civCe  cAid 
plenty  sm.iled  upon  the  land;  \nrtue  and  rehu,        \  :  :":;.:eil 
our  happy  homes.     The  p>crtecti<->u   oi   our  •  •ig.'-mc  .' 
elicited  the  admiration  of  •;'ur  able-:  -        -man  in  liis  tre'Uise 
"On  the  cor  ^    '  ...■■,:{     -vernment  of  tlK-  L  n!tc:e  St:.i  :  e" 

and  he  concludes  h-s  •jmium  .with  the  words,  "ma}-  its 
success,  as  an  exai.::-.-,  kad  to  its  imitation  b\'  others, 
until  our  u  hole  s\'stcm — the  united  governme:it  of  all  the 
States,  as  well  as  the  individual  governments  of  each — shall 
settle  down  m  iiive  c>'ncor(j  and  harmon\-.'" 

The  influence  wc  had  attained  thrfjuglu^ut  the  union,  of 
which  we  formed  a  federal  part,  during  fift}-  years  and  n^i;_>re 
under  our  perfected  State  constitution,  would  be  sufllc'.ent!}' 
ii^dicated  b}-  caiiii}g  over  tiie  n.inies  iji  our  governor;-,  e  r 
representatix  es  in  congress,  and  the  officers  of  the  cabin.ct  ; 
and  no  1  :ss  by  a  notice  of  the  distin.ction.s  bestowed  nr^)--, 
our  people  in  other  States.  It  m.iy  be  granted  me  to  aliu<ie. 
in  this -  Connection,  to  ..the  four  natives  of  South  Carislfn  i 
who  were  governors  of  .Southern  States,  and  others  xvho 
represented  Southern  States  in  congress  in  tlie  memorable 
year  i860,  as  an  evidence  of  the  influence  wc  liad  ■  acquired 
by  the  abiiit}-.  incorruptible  integrity,  and  master:}-  :  -  :es 
and  essax's  of  our  statesnujn  :  and,  a\'c  ma)'  sa\-,  b\-  tiie 
ful  knowledge  of  our  people  generally  in  the  administration 


lO 


of  public  afiliirs — an  '>jnorancc  of  whicli  on  the  part  of  'un- 
oitizcn.  it  was  customary  for  us  to  attribatc  to  inexcusable 
and  culpable  negligence — and  having  all'.Kled  to  this,  it  ina\- 
be  permitted  me  to  add  that  the  faithful  iiistorian.  a  ccnturv- 
hence,  will  no  doubt  decide  that  neither  arrogant  blindness 
nor  a  stubbon.  attachnien^t  to  the  institution  of  African 
slavery,  but  an  hereditary  appreciation  of  constitutional 
liberty  as  v/e  deemed  it  most  conducive  to  our  v.'elfare,  led 
us  :•  .■  .rapt  in  t-i>..:t  -lu-'  ■■  '  '  -r  to  frame,  in  conjunc- 
tU^..  ,^      '■•ther  Stcv^.:-,  a  .     j ■r:eut  in  order  to  prc-cr'/c 

our  rig:": IS  as  a  State  from  the  control  of  ir.imicai  ny- 
and  from  the  danger  of  an  ;.b-:  ...  ,  .  ition  in  (.Ici oga- 
tion  of  the  original  compact  lu  v,  ui^u  v..-e  had  yielded  our 
allegiance.  W'e  e.irnestly  protest  against  the  historical  in- 
justice of  ascribing  our  action  at  that  period  to  less  eU:v  .i^.-d 
moti\'e-^  .\ ■ •  ■  ■ "  "  mu -.t  h-'  '"  :' ,:r;i  nc^: : 
an  un.-  ■ //  ■  ,  ^  a--      .   ^       ^  _  ;        v,  ■ 

co-'^:  ■  Lva.^t-.-  1-a-'>  \'c:-.r-  liier. 

another  :    "  in  lien 

own,  bv' a  e'"'i: v^iirli  ^  at...;  ^.^^  rail,  and  di;::.:.^. 
\\  hom-  wc  did  not  -cuv  ..--e.  1  lie  tonner  excited  no  \-i'.»icnt 
opp.jsiuon,  aiid  in  the  course  of  time  came  to  naught  by  its 
ovo."-  '■■'■:,/):■:■  jfy.  Time  will  disclose  tlie  fate  of  the  latter, 
if,  \  .  ,  of  it  b.j  inC'",)n^istL nt  with  the  outgrowth  and 
]...5ig  vsrablished  characteristics  v'f  our  people.  ' 

But  we  mu-t  take  notice,  chat  while  wc  had  been  thus 
pursuing  conser\-at'i\"eh"  for  ntariy  two  centuries  our  own 
■  constitutioFiai  and  material  deveIopnien.t,  till  we  had  readied 
a  remarkable  prosperit)'  in  ever}-  respect,  there  had  bcv::i 
another  an^d  a  diiTerent  kind  of  development  in  pre-,  re ^.^ 
be}'ond  our  iinjits,  threatening  to  turn  it^  influences  to'vards 
us,  and  to  sap  inevitably  the.  foundation  of  our  wealth,  and 
injure,  perhaps  destroy,  the  efficienc)'  of  (n.ir  succe--rul 
State  governm.ent.  I.  allude  not  now  to  the  policy  of 
.nationalism,  but  to  the  diffusion  and  active  propagancn>m 
of  a  new  -  v  '    -.A  phiiantliropy,  oriie:-'  in  tlic  m'^t.r.er 

country,  v,;.  v.,.-.  i:ig  tlie  old  rigor  o.;"  laws  and  the 

se\cr:t)'  of  prison  discipline:  exciting  compassion  for  crimi- 


1 1 

nal>  reL;ardIe^s  of  the  danger  of  looking  upon  crir;ie  itself 
too  ienienil)-  :  en'ibrricing  in  its  unrestricted  beiievolencc  all 
men  e\'er}'\\'here  as  brothers,  wliose  i!!s  it  had  become  a 
bounden  duty  to  alle\-iate  and  redress;  and  abhiorriivo-  t he- 
possible  abuses  of  invol un.tar\-  ser\'itude,  especially  of  tlie 
African  race,  till  the  bondman  became  to  many  tender 
liearts  an  object  to  be  wept  over,  and  v.  jiose  liberation  from 
servitude  ^vould  hallow  any  means  adapted  for  its  attain- 
n'sent.  The  impetus  of  this  s])readir:;;  -[i^-l  accumulatint; 
flood  of  -extravagant  -benevolence,  reach  in-:;  at  times  the 
vercre  of  fanaticism,  we  in  this  little  Stare  de-ir-d  tri  have 
turned  away  from  us.  because  we  f.-)  re  save  its  contrariety,  iii 
some  respects,  I- 1- r^'^  ^'Tv.- '-^-n^' ^^r:, 
as  we  shoul'^  h-.^-.  -.^  ri.  v,  ^-  ^■•^.i.-.i  u^.^ii.cr  :>,rr'_.-:  r>.  h-:^  ■ 
nor  avert  !  -  ^  ^^  y.'!-  nwsa'-;:nt  ii-  impetuous  cc'ur^^i.. 
ing  by  our  ■  ',rr y  ^  ;.;  ^  w-'-fr,  we  beae^■e^l  that  v^- 
eve^mo:^^'■  :\v/i\  r,  v-hi  th '^'C^^^ ;  rh:y  \h--:,.d 

or  in  ih  .  /.  ;:         .  ■■  't  :   .  ■■     '  -lo- 

cates to  interfere  with  '    :     ■mestic  insrirMti'.:  ns  or  subvert 
legal  and"  con-t ' ■  ^  •     :h    ■  / '  :  .t-  - ^  r_.'-'\    '  ui.)^  -n  and  - 
h' ratined.   \\h_  o  ■  \      /^„:;ct\  and  i-V'jzl^':' ■  w 

for  us  under  the  <egis  of  the  general  govern. ment,  tiii  e 
disc  :<\  in,  that  direction  the  a.stounding  and  mexora bie 
priucr-ie  •  a"  a  higher  law  than  the  constitution.  Then  ca:ne 
the  ah.. :  Ata/e  to  retire  from  the  union,  or  surrenciei'  at 
dictation  our  sx'siem  of  labor  and  the  rights  we  had  inrier- 
ited  and  knew  to  be  {oiirid  :d  on  sacred  compromise-.  It 
is  passed  now!  The  flujd  has  gone  over  us  and  swept  as 
down!  Rut  we  may  console  ourseh-es  with  the  thought 
that  the  force  of  every  such  moral  flood  bears  it  beyond  the 
limits  where  it  ought  to  stop;  and  that  at  least  a  parti..,: 
reaction  may  soon  be  expected.  For  injunes  luive  n 
come  upon  us  alone.  As  in  the  crusades  tiie  vv-ings  of  rhe 
church  ^\'ere  made  to  o\'ershaJow  a  seciihui^h.-  righteotis- 
cause,  and  the  infection,  as  of  reiigioiis  thr\-..)r,  seized  iiorai 
v.-hole  communities  including  women  and  little  ehudren.  im- 
pelling them  blindly  forward;  so  it  was  in  ti^e  mfr/ernent 
against  slaver)-:  not  essential  slavery,  but  against  the  h.rm 


12 


of  a  ]e_^al  ov\nership  of  slaves:  and  the  onset  came  indis- 
criminately upon  the  $^ood  that  existed  among-  us  as  v,  cil  as 
upon  the  evil;  while  the  intensity  of  the  hatred,  f'-siered 
by  misrepresentation  and  exaggeration,  was  entire!}-  <ii<pro- 
portionate  to  the  evil  tliat  rt-ally  existed.  And  as  in  the 
crusades.  State  intrigues  extracted  advantages  from  tYic 
wide-spread  and  intense  popular  fanaticism:  so  in  the, late 
movement  foreign  go\'ernments  may  ji.-ive  discerned  indus- 
trial and  commercial  advantages  for  themselves  in  the  di- 
minution of  the  r^'-^>-"'.'!"' 'x'  nf  tlio  rr,r':^>!;  St.ite:^.  "v,  of 
their  own  cottor  \  ^1 

nionarcliical  adv    ■  in  cri|>;)hn:.;  nru;  (Icprrc  i- : •  i;ie 

democratic  instiUii;  m:-  of  t]i^  uni-'Mi.     l:v:iee^i.  ^;  liriie 
already  that  we  should  M-e  the  begin  nin.g  of  a  re-aCvi-  n  i;i 
our  favor — in  more  than  goocl-wiii,  in  m.ore  than  re':U.><.ed 
friendship,  in  m '  in  a  re-integration  of  c]>e  n;.  '•  ••• 
whicli  -e  b-ing  v.eaith  and  .-^rr-ngdi,  anb,  ] 

Looking  back  ur         o  li-.i  :r'r'...r  as  a  c- /  .  .d 

a  State.  I  claim  tl-ar  .^outi-  L'aroli'na's  a rdent  ?o'  •  • '.-c 
liberty  our"  Anglo-Saxon  r.i^c  have  always  priztji?,  :  :.^r 
wh.ich  sh.e  lias  imperiled  her  existence  in  more  th;in  ciiie. 
prolonged  conflict  within  the  past  hundred  years,  challenges 
the  respect  of  thc'  Xortiiern  States,  witli  whom  she  ioi<,  in 
this  sacred  cause,  battled  side  b\-  side,  and  alas  '  '  't^  ;.ne, 
with  frowning  brow,  face  to  face!  For  her  histo;}-  /  tiie 
period  of  the  RevoUition.  South  Carolina  has  rccei-  •.  ,  "..i-- 
plaudits  of  the  whole  country.  For  no  part  of  her  gv 
at  the  period  of  Secession,  will  she  condescend  to  p^'^^d 
against  or  deprecate  the  unworthy  indignation  of  rs, 
or  deferenLialiy  bend  before  an  assumed  superiorly  -  :c 
cause  of  freedom.  .  The  claim  of  rosi)ect  that  she-  ■•  ,•  i:d 
urge  for  consistency  in  republican  principles  in  recent  tinnes. 
may  perhaps  be  established  more  directly  than  by  tl'.e  course 
which  I  shall  adopt  in  tliis  address:  but  it  seems  to  nv;  t'lat 
at  present  such  a  claim  ma\-  be  allowed  bv  our  N-o-rhern 
brethren  with  less  of  restriction  or  hesitanc)'  if,  in  ■  n 
spirit  of  historic  truth,  it  be  >hoA\  n  that  whatever  ;  ■..d 


13 


enor>  we  niax'  lia\'«"  com  in  it  red.  errors  no  less  gravt^  m 
character  have  been  committed  against  us  ;  that  ours  lias 
trui}-  beei"i  a  policy  of  conserv^ation  and  self-defense,  and 
not  of  vioicnce  and  ai.^g'ression. 

'I'lie  agitations  on  questions  of  tariff,  free  trade,  and  nulli- 
fication liave  subsided  as  though  they  h.ad  been  ephemeral 
in  their  nature.  The  activity  of  abolitionism,  which  used 
to  eriliven  its  energy  by  stimulating  a  hatred  of  us,  is  at  last 
quiescent  in  tlie  fruition  of  its  long  desired  obiect.  The 
contention  for  the  supremacy  of  the  general  governmciit 
has  ended,  if  not  in  a  total  eclipse  of  State  so\-ereignt\'  w  ith 
its  right  of  secession,  at  least  in  the  silence  of  i;:.-  ad^^-cates 
and  an  acquiescence  in  the  future  uidt\"  of  the  iv-puodc. 

Prejudices  born  of  ig;iora!(ce.  in:u-\  'jlence,  and  misrepre- 
sentation, are  folding  a\va)-  in  tlie  I:  effulgence  of  re- 
turning friendship,  and  a  more  intinvai:e  kr.o 'ed-ge  .-.f  -izh 
other;  and  \ve  rna\"  a^k  n^w.  ;th  the  a--.  j  i  i- 
scious  rectitude,  \vii'">  i:  is  erred  dt  iu-Jgi-^-.-n.t  r  \\"\\-r<  lias 
failed  in  patriotisn!  ?  Wdio  Jia- irv  k  r-  ^  ■  . :-  nvore  e^.:.i.:'!y 
European  machinations'  Wkio  h.i^  .  rjcr  intcrp'-ccjd 
the  constitution  ?  Who  has  refused  to  die  for  ^xkiac  l^e 
deemed  his  rights?  And  we  may  ask.  though  with  a  trem-:>r 
of  emotion,  who,  when  tiiis  State  \va-  tallen  and  overpowere(.i 
in  what  ^ko  cOii-idered  lier  striic  lor  .-^'.j.t-.g  ^'eernnient,  treated 
her,  Witii  their  temporary  grasp  of  authorit\-,  as  in  all  re- 
spects a  conquered,  rebellious  province,  because  she  durst 
tiiink  she  had  never  surrendered  her  -e[:^araic  sovereign!:)-, 
and  could,  as  a  last  resort,  dissolve  her  connection  with  a 
system  in  which  her  guaranteed  rights  were  hkeiy  to  be  im- 
paired by  a  combination  unfriendly  to  her.  and  a  combina- 
tion wdiich,  if  unresisted,  would  lead  to  a  consolidation  of 
th.e  government,  aiid  perchance  to  an  iil-omenedl  inaugura- 
tion of  imperial  power? 

i'ermit.  me  here  to  pause  for  a  n"tr>ment.  Some  of  our 
statesmen  who  had  led  us  forward  in  the  defense  of  our 
convictions  of  the  relations  of  the  State  to  tlie  Federal 
government,  passed  away,  prescient,  no  doubt,  o!  the  com- 
ing conflict.     And  though  like  mournful  prophets  tiie\' 


seem  to  cover  their  e\-cs  to  shut  out  the  disl^eartoninp,"  vis- 
io!i  of  approaching  calamities,  \'et,  firm  of  }.>urpv-)se  and 
persistent  unto  death,  they  ceased  n^^t  to  point  us  onward 
where  duty  and  honor  led.  It  was  not  allotted  them  to  guide 
us  further.  Others,  \\  iio  survive,  are  voiceless  in  their  grief 
for  our  failure  and  its  consequences.  And  we  are  left,  as  a 
younger  generation,  to  build  up  anew  the  edifice  of  State 
from  tile  shattered  antl  blackened  ruins  around  us.  With 
solemnit)'  v/e  accci)t  the  task.  And  bearinrr  mind  il^iat  if 
we  be  true  to  ourselves,  we-  cannot  be  d'r-hr-^yr^r^o.  b\  -\ny 
outwarci  force  or  guile,  we  may  face  the  i  ^  ,.  \  :  ';  lith 
and  courage;  and  even  look  tearless!}^  to  the  past,  behold- 
ing there,  not  the  f  -esemblance  of  nur  State,  decked 
in  borrowed  habh:.:^'-_  but  our  own  venerable  niotiier, 
in  sable  robes,  yet  with  a  serenity  on  her  queer;'}-  brow  that 
kno^\■s  no  darkening  of  despair,  as  she  bids  us  x-indicarc  her 
history,  garner  up  its  treasures,  and  unfold  t'v.  to  t":  con- 
templation of  our  latest  pf:^sre^;r \' ;  for  Uv  i  .  ■  - 
late  honor,  as  future  >]\,ib  c- hath  she  wit'  --i 
e\'ery  violation  of  the  principU-s  ^i^e  clierishcd.  T-~.  ''  j^- 
behest  ten  tliousand  voices  are  read}'  to  respond;  :r 
every  tone  would  be  heard,  in  unison,  reverence  for  her,  and 
un'ei':;  •-•  ''riotisn'i  for  the  whole  country.  For  thus  h-fth 
she  po.  J  -..'ut  our  duty  as  again  she  lifted  up  on  hig''--  the 
banner  of  the  union  ;  and  in  every  tone  wouid  be  he-i'-d 
the  symphony  of  our  hope,  that  the  mists  of  misunderstajid- 
ing  and  prejudice  .may  be  altogether  removed  fron^  the 
vision. of  th^j-c  whom  we  are  to  regard  henceforth,  as  fjd.  - 
citizens  of  an  undivided  Republic.  Contributing  to  ti^ds 
concordant  citizenship  vvill  be  tlie  consideratioi"'  by  us  and 
by  them  that  their  errors  and  ours  should  lead  to  an  unk^ia.^- 
ed  reviev.-  of  the  past,  and  beneficial  constitutio'.ial  compro- 
mises for  the  future,  in  place  of  f(.)rmer  ill-wili  aiid  the 
haughty  dictation  of  their  hour  of  trfumph. 

I  acknowledge  my  deficiency  in  approaching  such  a  theme. 
Yet  v.'hat  can  I  choose  on  this  occasion  but  t  .  feebly 

as  it  may  be,  of  that  which  co'itinualU"  e^;eapic^  our 
thoughts — the  condition  of  the  State,  the  misapprehensi-.}n 


of-  otlicrs  rcgardini;  our  policy  in  the  past,  and  rcgardini^ 
our  attitude  at  the  present  moment? 

I..  In  presentinj^  very  briefly,  from  our  poir.t  of  view,  a 
(c\v  p]\ases  of  the  recent  history  of  tiie  coiiii.tr}',  and  in 
speaking"  plainl\-  and  unreservedly,  v.e  disclaim  any  fc-cling 
of  acrimony,  and  shall  endeavor  to  k.:  ■  "  '  z"  ■''■r-  Mmits  of 
historical  evidence.  In  the  first  plac  ,  ^  .  ..  :  lat  from 
the  incipicncy  of  the  union  there  were  conflicting.;^  elements 
in  antecedent  X.    '      ■  wvl  "  '-abit-j,  'pursuits,  and 

mental  traits,  and  i:i  .     ^'^         '  \  o^dir^.in:  laiituJc-- 

and  elements-  more  dan^-  .■  •  :.;  '  .  .  -. 

sentiments,  and  in  dv'  l .  ity 
opr-,--:.:-j  to  the  ri;/'^--  =  s.-,v  ;r oi"  uic  ."^L.LLc^.  So 
di:  .  :  ^vas  tlic  L , \ .- : .  .'f  f-r:/::;;,;  <i  -atisfactc^ry  uui'j.:i.  that 
it  cannot  be  said  to  have  been  indubitably  :  tliar.  t!;e 
.jvv; -r iuiLion  ^\-as     !■   ■•■.■.■■[  -  '  ■ 

:^  .u.->:>  true  liiar  ■,.  :  .^i.v:  .j 

i^encratcd  by  the  uni:  ,  -  on  turned  fro  in  its 

purpose  c .     '  j.nd  tliat  the  :_*•  . 

became  a  -'.^  .  .  :  c  ^U(.'st  f  'r  tl;e  -a^.;,.  -  :  •  ^ ■  ' ■  ^ i..> '  ...  - 
N'ancement  :  ti:aL  ilu  >--j-uih  ac<;'!;!'jo  .md  icuu:  nta;!U:.M;!C..l 
control  of  the  administratio!"»,  but  used  it  n-jithev  s  J  '  •  ■■ 
n i;'''i:st;y  ;  that  the  '  o|.>i)Osite  section  of  States  - 
panic  -  i'.w  them  who  differed  from  us  on  cp.iestior;s  of  .  .  .• 
and  nationalism,  increased  more  rap  id  !>'  tha:i  v.  n--eUc.  -r 
population  and  conc;-ressioi;al  representation.  ivrJ  ••  i  at 
last  a  sure  means  of  securing-  in  tlieir.  turn.  a.-:-:;;.  nv  in 
power  by  a  coalition,  with,  the  orgamized  outgro-v\  th  o\  ab 
t  ion  ism  and  the  mighty  moral  force  of  its  semi-rch  :  - ; - 
enthusiasm  :  tiiat  in  hne,  the  spirit  of  the  Nortii  was  ag^e-c-- 
sive — the  spirit  of  the  South  coiiservative.  If.  tlierefoie.  in 
the  course  o\'  v:.LVty  contention  there  sprang  up  a  scctimial  iv 
iility  so  conspicurtusly,  avowedly,  and  hnally  -  ^  •  lentialiy 
detrimental  to  us  thatni  partnership  of  mLitu;a  ;  . eajhts  vas 
a[)parently  no  longer  possible,  must  hi^^tory  decide  that  our 
attempt,  under  such  circumstances,  to  f  -n  a  a  >ea:e'  i*:  ■ 
government  was  rebellious?  Does  not  the  re^pouahhig,' 
for  the  withdrawal  of  the  South  from  the  union,  even  under 


i6 


tlvj  supposition  that  we  had  not  an  I'.ndoubtcd  ric^hc  to  do 
as  we  di-.l.  n  --.t  th.>  ^''h.-'-i;  poHe;.'  was  not  only  finally 
aggressive'  ;jul  had  be;;-.i  .•.  •;•>  he-  so  - in  the  nrst  Congress 
that  assembled  under  t!:.  :  i  -^titution  -^xh^e  \-ct  the  new 
go  vein  me  n't  \\'as  unharmonious,  and  its  t  :-,-..;--^ncy  a  matter 
of  grave  solicitude? 

2.  The  liistory  of  a  Republic  must  needs  be  mari^ed  by 
part}'  contests.  But  these  -h.sild  l:;,;d  t  ^nostual  compro- 
mises, d  his  is  the  cor.  -  •  i  its  pr;  .  "s  ••  ■  f  its 
existence.  For^•.s  s:^  ::-.jaih.  (diir  i:.:il,;;v. ,  >r  > 
it  still  is,  being  :  .  "  .irate  States  united  by  rj.m. 
pact  for  specific  pur; ■  •  l<)r  .so  -~  .  believe,  v;:',  the 
Ranger  <.r-:"-r\.-  ;■  s  ••.  s  .'/tuaHs'  guar-i  li.e  rights  o\  the 
St.ile  -M  ..  - . ...  ,:s  from  whicl;  r  '  currcnt->dow 
to  purify  and  reoleni-h  the  rcserve>ir  of  the  ••  ver 


n-^,  not  ii.ov: 


aCti\'it\-  -  L..  :        ri;4:U-         io  .  -  OO'l'  ^s^,, 

ity,  subordinating,  already,  the  true  nature  of  the  g'.r:->vii 
g;  o  ^  ■  -  -  '  -.bcated  bv'  its  name,  t'j  the  subtle  \'ati>:o^a- 
II.-  I  L -  .-.ohic  motto.     If,  thereforej^ucli  an  issue  of 

the  late  contest  be  interiyreted  hereafter  as  a  lameiU.ible 
de-rb;:e  O  lo  Vu:  ivn/jty  our  repudoiican  institutioii<.  to 
wih'n:  \:  -.\  the  crrer  be  a-cribedi^ 

3.  Inasmuch  as  there  i-;  b}-  utliers  a  continued  reiterat i, ))i 
of  the  Miiyect  of  Lnianee  ots -n,  we  nui^t  reluctantl}'  sav  a 
word  ab.ait  it;  [)rend.-iug  that  no  dis|)ositi'.>n.  not  e-.'ea  u. 
thougiit,  !<  e\-er  eutertaiiied  among  u-!  to  re\^jrse,  if  v  e  'lad 
the  power  tr>  d<.>  so.  tliis  issue  of  the  late  war.  The  be 'Tents 
to  oursclve.i  of  the  tern:"  ^  ■  '  of  sla-eer}/  will  ubinM'  :.-e 
ackiioAvl edged  by  ee>;'-y  ■  ri  ...  the  South.  It  ne.-^, 
have  been  brouev.'  -at.  in  the  course  of  lime,  b  '  •  r 
■  ■,-•0  voluntary  act,  But  the  ■  eiess  and  irritiu:;.  n  of  ;iu: 
sp_--ele  mode  of  its  a.ccompi'.>:.;neni  :>y  ih  .  X  's.  .ee- 
are  inclined  to  believe,  be  condemned  in       :  -.y 


and  unphilanthropicai.  If  it  were  wronc^  for  us  to  hold 
slaves,  it  was  a  wrong  encouraged  by  tlie  legislation  of  liic 
British  Parliament.  And  the  nei;rocs  brought  hither,  came 
to  us  in  large  numbers  in  the  ships  of  New  England,  her- 
self a  slave-holder  and,  next  to  England,  our  principal  slave 
dealer.  It  was  computed  from  our  custom  house  records,  that 
during  the  four  years  preceding  1808,  there  were  brought 
to  this  port  39.075  slaves.  Of  these,  21,027  were  imported 
by  f^jreigncrs.  chiefly  British  :  14,605  by  natives  of  Northern 
States;  and  only  3443  by  citizens  of  slave-holding  States. 
The  money  |>aid  for  the  large  portion  introduced  by  our 
Northern  brethrer      •\         '    ■"•  •         '     this  '  :■ 

cofiers  at  home,     o    -  i      .    .  -  .   "  ■  -   r-,'  ' '^'-'y  J--  ~  • 
the  opprobrium  with  us,  if  they  wih  share  MC'thn-g  r'-^c.  In 

tip_^  .':..o  ■ .      liicivi      ab-cond  '  a' at 

la~:  '   ■     •  ■  "  .^y  :   •       -'t  tor-\;L.  and  we  spea:-:  of 

it  i'       '  ■  o.-  ':;;y         k^o.  •  ■  '      co-part?:  ; 

in  :.o^;.-.ii  V  /:  7  i-!'.-  thfii;  if  Eond^-:  - 

Boston  b  id  w:.  a. id  fashioned  for  us  a  coat  admirably 
suited  to  our  climate,  and  then,  because  ir-cir  opinion  of  it 
•had  changed,  looked  with  sifiister  abhorrence  upon  their 
own  handiwork,  anil  agreed  toj^ethcr  tr^  tc'ar  from  us  the 
ciotl;  thv.}'  h-id  sold  us,  v^':r  --Oon  to  us,  and 

e\'eii  1.0  tbo  laceration  of  our  tlesli  atid  the  shedding  of  our 
bioo(j.  Is  there  no  error  in  all  this  dealing  with  us,  in  al! 
the  Cra-ade  ag;dnst  u> And,  in  the  calm  verdict  of  future 
history,  to  whf)in  will  such  error  (to  call  it  b\- a  gentle  u;,,u,.: 
be  ascribed  ? 

4.  The  recu)rds  of  the  convep.tion  which  conformed  our 
State  con-t'tution  to  that  of  the  United  States  have  not 
been  prescr\-ed.  The  Treasurer's  vouchers  alone  are  fv!u;ui 
ir:  uur  archive^.  All  el-e,  il  ^s  said,  had  been  destroyed  by 
••special  order,  of  the  convention.,  that,  no  cxddence  might 
remain  of  the  tii'lerences  whicii  marked  their  deliberations. 
iMassachusetts  had  accepted  the  con-t"-     '  o  of  th-:  e-k  e- 

by  a  vote  of  1.87  to  16S.    k)i-.r  vote  O:'   .o.,-n, 

a  greater  willingness  for  unions,  had  been  149  to  73.  Dirfer^ 
3 


t;  ^     ■  -  ■    ■  ■   'i.^  existei  "   ■    ■    \[<-'-  If;  t''.     :r  ■       '   ^  -ti 

( - :  ■    >■  ■  i nc*;  c"' t',  .  >     ■        ,, , lirai  . ...  ■■■  ■       ' ^  s 

niainteiiancc.  A- C:I:^,v•  ■  . ■  _  uii-ccii  liic  luiM'":;  ^  :s 
unfriendly  tollow~citi;-:os' tl^-'t  peace  ir- !•.:'•■.  -  •  •  i  Cor- 
tez  bade  hi>  ^")Urnvf:--  iivjir  sh'^  -  :  ~  .:  .      ■  eo 

eye  mic;iit  tiini  b:>,c''^'        froiTi  tl.        :,  .        .  ■  ;c 

wisdom  and  nia;^"nanimir.y  o f  our  statesmen  -m'  the  i-.-o'  ^e- 
tionary  O:  -'^'-  .  -  "  rhat  ni;,:'o  O'-  :.  .  '        ■  'c 

concordaa.  ivl.".:  e,  e^-e;.     U.     i^ja  a..d 

ceased,  peace  had  broe.Jii  recearjCtie'O,  ..:d  with  It  an 
<:>biit'  ^      ■  ;        ■  '^-"b;  ^      a  ■  ■        a,  ■  ^'cncVs-ed  aibon? 


-•  aa    ->-,^e ..  oa..    riL^ni;  Oi  -a'  -; 
aia:rt\a  aiaj  b^cr.,  !a:  Kirrur  la 


A  rcpv'r.''        '  ■  aa.^aa  wlacn         a-a- teed 

to  us  by  OLir      ...   aa  .  .a  a;.i>;  e<:araj  to  na^  :        .  .  ;  thi; 

nunierieal.  aai;f!rit\a  waa  iaae.^a,  b\"  eier)  aiaa  v'a;:at 
reu*"ard  t'  >  race,  eob.jr.  previous  condition  of  servitude.  pro:.,i,r- 
a.e  :e-a;'a;.ea  .A.nd  su  c!eaip  and  iaJiscriminate  has 
become  tliis  ri-^lu  of  citizenship  that  even  u  omen  are  ciaan- 
ing  [)art;ciaaitir)n  in  it.  ^.hir  gfa-enmient  is  indeed  foanatai 
on  the  ce-ilccted  will  of  the  -er.-a'aa:<..b  Hut  to  constitute 
:  b'  ai"'''.a\  (.bbzot,  btis  ^h^vuk.l  be   'ni  e-ai-. 

karas':;-  c-  I'eas  ^^a  truiii,  and  justice.  The  ^o\-crnmaaL  as 
a  hegitimate  [>ower,  is  but  the  organization,  the  gather: ?ig 
into  one  f')cus,  of  the  public  reason  a;id  pubbc  morality. 
"What  we  call  representation  is  nothing  el-e  than  a  la. ns 
to  ai"i"a.a'  al:  thi^  result."  It  is  not  a  mere  obi/etijig  la-  ea'l- 
vidual  wills,  but  a  "p'-ore..:.  ••  b)'  which  oublic  raaso-n.- a  ii-e.A 
azotic  has  a  v^s^^t  -^:;:ieia',  aaa'  be  .-arract-a^  :V  aa 

the  boK..>m        -■'■  ■.a  ae      .,  a"     a"  aa,.-.     a.-,  'a  tie:  c^aawes- 

wiU  of  its  n'lost  truthful,  just,  and  reasaraii^ie  citizens,  are 


10 


be  error  commiLtcd  a^^^ain.st  the  essential  nature  of  represen- 
tation. \\e  ask',  in  the  name  of  "public  reason  and  public 
niorality,"  to  \rliom  will  tr.e  error  be  ascribed? 

Ck  ^Nations  are  but  errin;^'  men;  and  history  is,  in  !L;"reaL 
part,  but  a  record  of  tiieir  mistakes.  Kappy  is  the  people 
whose  time!)'  w  isdoni  repairs  the  past  and  changes  a  comin*;' 
e\'i!  into  p;ood.  If  to  the  oppressive  measures  ^>f  a  North- 
ern reconstruction  of  tlie  South,  be  denied  liereafter  tlie 
plea  ("»f  pure  philanthropy  towards  a  race  t  in  almo-t 

every  respect  from  the  common  race  of*  er-  '  and  our 
reconstrivctors,  and  sold,  in  Inree  numbers,  hy  reee-  f-, re- 
fathers  into  bondage  ton-;  e  f  , '  =  ;  • 
denied  to  the  effort  to  ele\-at  z^:.,  a-  .  .. 
higher  level  of  civilization,  by  t ; . .  •  -  .  indiscn.--  .  ..  y  \  ■■■ 
them  suSTrage  and  all  civil  pnvi!e;,fes,  and  enablincr  them, 
\\\^'-   :     "'-^e                  fvie  '^e  t!;:ie  >C;,cco  ii:  this  Stati: 

afid  in  u[)liolding  by  n-i'antr}-.  c  e/.ee,  ,  e-   ;  ,  ,,:icu 

and  plundering  ad\'enr in\:r--.  in\e-.tcd  ■  -  -!'.e  n^w  ana  ;,.;no- 
rant  x'oters  with  every  oini.e  of  U)in\Li  iit-ynty  -r.  to 

the  astonishment  of  the  world;  if,  \vhen  tru:;i  siiad  :ia\-e 
torn  a\'.eiv'  pretences,  such  philanthropy  be  accounted  b'^t 
a  lV :  t«-'  liumbie  an-.l  debase  u->  v/hile  maintaining  tiseir 
nw  i\  rrv  ascendency ;  if.  in  the  persistent  eagerness  to 
acc^e::;  •e  -h  such  a  policx',  precedents  have  been  perndtretl 
in  the  e.xercise  of  congressional  power,  and  in  the  employ- 
ment  of  the  army  by  the  executive  as  a  police  in  the  iniqui- 
ties of  the  Enforcement  -\ct,  and  to  interfere  with  States 
rights,  even  to  marching  the  military  into  halls  of  legisla- 
tion ;  if,  hereafter  an  irresponsible  central  pov>.er  thus  en- 
couraged shall  arise  to  stirle  their  own  \  oices  at  hon;e  and 
trample  upon  all  they  hold  most  dear,  to  whom  will  future 
history  ]>oint  as  having  swer\a:d  from  trie  course  into  vvudch 
our  ancestors  projected  their  experiment  of  a  new  Repubiic--- 
'  to  vrhorn  will  liiscory  puint  as  betra^'crs  of  our  c<^'mnion 
liberties,  but  to  those  wlio  may  prove  that  tlu  -v-  h.ave  r.;.t 
v.dsdon\  to  change  the  coming  evil  into  good,  nov  coieage 
to  retrace  their  steps  to  the  cqualii;\-  and  deiei'dve  r:'_;ht^ 


20 


of  the  States,  and  to  a  jar.t  regard  for  the  welfare,  not  of  a 
Section  only,  but  of  the  whole  country? 

Let  us,  however,  forbear  to  enumerate  further  the  politi- 
cal errors  of  tho-^e  who,  since  the  ascendency  of  their  skill- 
fully achieved  new  constitutional  amendments,  are  beginning 
to  seem  willing",  slowly  to  become  friends  ai^ain  at  this 
centennial  period  of  old  remembrances,  and  who  will  not 
f.iil  to  perceive  in  their  own  faithful  retrospect  of  the  cen- 
tury that  they  cannot  claim  to  have  been  blameless  or 
unselhsli,  or  alwa}'s  wise  and  p-^tr:  'ri:. 

And  shall  we  now  .  fnir^^inr,..     •  :ne,  turn  to  consiiJer 

if  there  has  been  a;i\-  'jrror  '\\\  ..'s  '    It  has  i^een  said 

that  we  should  approach  the  faults  :  f  ;•  ■..-ountry  a-  ^  or- 
ly  as  we  would  the  wounds  of  a  [.  :  ,  -  ■. .  Such  a  •  :\:i:ir^ 
oppresses  me  as  with  diffidence  the  uttera;ice  cnnic.-  that 
perli.aps  we  were  at  times  too  unc;:J  ^  ;r  and  ur.c--.'m;-ro- 

mising;  that  perhaps  we  were  not  ai ..•  •.'.•jtr.cr  fauith.;---  r:;e 
spirit  engendered  i;i  u-  -  -..•-..•ry  many  years  oi  \\  \  ■ :  :-ra 
I,  success,  and  by  the  unceasiny;  wcakh  j^ourci.!  upon 

u i'r./m  resources  whicli.  in  a  great  measure  contp/"'  .••  ■  ^  ':e 
industries  of  New  England,  aivl  of  the  mother  .  .  . 
I  presumic  not  to  say  there  was  error  in  an)-  of  our  funda- 
mental political  principles;  nor  should  I  imoly  that  there 
was  posiii\e  iauit  in  ilie  spirit  itself  wdiich  actuated  v)ur 
people,  fostering  as  it  did,  all  that  was  noble  and  of  Idgh 
imiport,  and  displaying  a  t}-])e  of  character,  the  counterpart 
of  vvdiich  existed,  to  tlie  same  extent,  no  where  else  in  our 
countr\'.  But  there  maiy  have  been  some  lack  of  wisdom 
accompanying  this  spirit;  some  inattention  to  results  In  its 
disdain  of  all  aspirations  lower  than  its  own  ;  in  its  indirfer- 
ence  to  the  spreading  fanaticism  of  a  universal  brotherhood  ^ 
in  its  defiance  of  the  tone  of  public  sentiment  abroad  ;  in  its 
depreciation  of  the  power  of  our  opponents;  in  its  in^.pro\'i- 
dence  in  neglecting  to  augment,  between  the  highe~r  c^i-s 
of  independent  planters  and  the  lowest  stratum 
tion,  a  large  and  en.ero;etic  middle  cla-s  ■ '  '  v.-c;Jih-j:-c.^  .  r.l 
strength-producing  cuizens,  engaged  in  small  farming  a.;^i  m 
mechanical,  commercial,  and  manulacturin-  industres;  to 


21 


encourage  th.em  and  sliare  with  them  public  honors,  and 
with  cordial  sympathy  restrain  thicir  sons  from.  seekiiiL;  a 
new  sphere  of  activity  bex'ond  our  borders,  to  the  weakeninL;, 
if  of  nothing  else,  at  least  of  our  numerical  strength,  as  we 
have  sorei)-  felt  in  our  liours  of  need.  \'et  so  potential  and 
inspiring  was  this  old  proud  spirit,  because  it  was  so  noble 
withal,  that  when  it  cried,  to  arms!  rich  and  poor,  the  higli- 
born,  the  lowly,  every  arti>an  and  luimblc  fanner  bov",  sprang 
alike  to  the  standard  of  tlie  State,  !c  to  die  beneath  its 
folds,  if  it  called  him  there  to  die.  li\  i;:'»of  of  this  absorb- 
ing State  patriotism  among  all  cLasscs,  is  tlie  Kict  that  with 
a  voting  population  of  about  60,000.  it  is  computed  that 
65,000  men  were  enrolled  for  the  war;  and  of  these.  12,GOO 
brave  hearts  breathed  ivjin  d}-ing  lips,  a  bies-ij-ig  oa  the 
State,  and  on.  the  cause  for  wliicri  siie  -ummoned  theni  to 
battle.  Hut  iet  ■  '  -i  from  all  thi  -  '  :  ■  from  our  km  Its, 
if  there  be  an}',  .     .  -'om  allusior-  di-astrous  con- 

Hict.  And  we  do  so  witii  the  :,■  ■  .-  i'  ^a  t'riat  tiie  war-worn 
men  who  have  survived  are  now,  with  ui'.a).>aied  lo vc  f-..r  the 
State  and  reverence  for  its  old  cliivairic  -pint,  paeicnt'y 
and  hopefuil\-  waiting  (or  a  returning  sense  of  justiee  in 
their  Northern  fellow-citizens,  and  the  coming  of  a  perma- 
nent reconciliation  based  upon  a  generous  appreciation  r>f 
their  nioti\  cs  in  the  past,  and  of  their  honor  and  pr.;bit\- 
and  mani\'  courage.  And  they  are  saying  to  those  wliom 
they  met  in  the  field,  and  to  the  wi]y  politicians  who  lia\-e 
misled  them,  lift  high  betueen  heaven  and  earth  the  scales 
of  justice,  and  iet  the  world  look  on  to  decide  between  us, 
for  in  the  confidence  which  truth  iniS[)ires,  we  fear  not  the 
verdict  of  its  righteous  judgment  I 

And  do  we  desire  ^\hat  is  unattainable  in  also  looking 
forward  to  our  future  abilit)'  to  rec*jnstruct  tor  ourseh'es  our 
local  governnient?  For  t\^'0  hundred  years  tiie  peoiile  of 
this  State  have  governed  themseive-.  Tfiey  liave  never 
had  a  constitution  which  they  did  not  nrike.  and  "to  this 
complexion"*  must  it  come  at  kist.  The  right  of  --elf  g^  'l  ern- 
ment  is  our  heir-loom,  the  hcir-do'Mn  ';f  the  j\;igii:>-Sa.-.ua 
race  in  this  countr}',  and  oi  nu  utlier  race.    Actuated  b)' 


friendli*:es;;  and  a  spirit  of  equal  justice  to  all  aroinul  u^,  and 
to  oveiy  honest  str        •  irr:\  c^-,  yc*.  we  would  be  un- 

true to  ourselves  as  ';■  ■  ;i;nia!ir.  if  we  lo»")ked  not 

K)rward  to  our  mast <;.■■•■  .•  '  a  time  'vlien  tin.;  Stale, 
awakeninff  from  lier  in:;:  '  ;s>ni.,ss  in  which  she  has  lain  con- 
fi>in-;^j-    ■  --.jd  by  the  i!'-. 

over  a-;  '  .  ;  ■■■i-'.;r  servile  imi;  i.s  ■ : .  w'.'^i  ■.  .-r 
indwelling  p-'-a  er  by  an  harmonicas  rc-cstablishment  '"••f  her 
goi'ernmcn:  i^-  b:is;s  i^j-ti^o  .c:;d  ]n;a^  'i,  ' -.^  'th- 
staiid:;'..--  '^s-;-  ^'■'■''•^rciit  inu.)Otence  annc^:-.:  b.^tiiiag, 

Sudden,  adventitious,  incon.ipatible  cliar-ges  in  tiie  'a'^ainic 
daw  'M'  s^-"-  ■     ^-  '  •       -  ■  ■■   ■         ■■..•at  although  si.!,a   ;■  . 
we  1.  , .        ...a  -         :;i  :         ^.  .   r  a  life-time  or  :a... 
tin^e-.  b\-  a  (orce  agamst  which  there  can  be  no  si;cce-.-rui 
"  -    ^    '  :  -.     .\  ]>C'-:"T;aae:it  change  or  addition  come-      •  • 
\  -  :a::;\-'L;,-  b^:;  :i  Wvr^h  t".  i^-  arss^n  tlie  oak.  i--- 

b;     ■ '  .  ..s  .   :  :    . ;  ,    ■  : .      '.■.[    root,   (.!<;)-/  \  .  : 

<av."  -  m  the  earth  beneath.,     1  lie  essential  o'- -a t. 

(>r         \  .t.ubty  i.^   the  gradual   operation  of  natur--      .  :  :a 
efn;cts  p.othiag  by  a  leap  or  a  jerk.    So  it  must  be  a;  -jon- 
stitutional  reform  and  development.    Hou;  many  }'ears,  how 
many  genera,  r  ions  passed  from  the  plant  big  of  r.ur  co!-       "  ^ 
the  perfecting  of  our  State  constitution  ?    Mow  n^ai:;.- 
turies  elapsed  in  Mn gland  from  the  time  when  the  op!.'.  >i;d'-.n 
of  kings  and  barons  gave  importance  to  an  access^-.i)  of 
freeholders  by  electi-on,  t.,  the  time  when  a  Parliamer.t  was 
convened  wath  a  preponderating  power  in  the  represent:;  t!\-es 
of  the  people--^    And  we,  the  descendants  of  that  people, 
shall  not  wbtness  our  inheritance  of  principles  labe;-'   .  -  ' 
acquired  throngli  hundreds  of  years,  transferred  insta'-' Oi.a.  • 
ously  and     -o!WW:ently  to  another  race,  who  have  in  them- 
sel\"es  no  gaidance  e»f  {- ■  :  '  ■  ■  or  experience,  and  nothiiw;  v'f 
the  vital  baw.t:  winch  ..sa-.:a-ar.  our  political  growth.  !•• 
present  depression  as  a  ndnorit\a  made  so  by  fe>rce.  •:: 
have  bat         ',.  v  ■ -iero,  a^  \o,e.;  I:b-eb-b  .e- 

cestors  wane  oWe';  '/  ■'  .■,  •  ■!  ;.'^-..       -.  ..-  1 

in  the  domination         o  -iO-^gi.,       ae.::,vie-.  L-r  a-.,ejlv  o  v.;r 


^3 


devastating  C!\-il  wnrs,  till  '<\t  lon<^th  by  their  admirable 
;  ' ■  -.city  the  \ <:.r\'  nature  of  tiie  ^;-nvernnicnL  was  trans- 
!•  and  rested,  vpon  the  requirements  ot  reason,  truth, 

and  justice.  .M'.er  r.Mr  j^te  conflict  had  ended,  ^vitli  its 
calaniitous  disorganization  of  the  relation-s  between  our- 
->:'\e.  anc^  ••••a,''  laboring  population  so  leaiq-  in  bondai;e, 
• . :  r  .  -  ■  do.  riQWf.'rless  as  we  \\'ere.  hut  stand  ]>r-.> ad ly 
aloof  at  ta-.:  aa  )•:—.•  d  ;  -ra     :  at 

with  ail  a^ur       _  ■  a  ■  a-  a-  :   a.  aa  , 

suddenly  Aarceo         *  ■  :      :  "i   our  d-'^iaai; 

people,  tile  most  of  th(:a,  a  ^  •  v :  >  a  i. '  a  od  ftar  sucli  l'K  \-a- 

i'^M-,.        :-..';d;-'  '  to  a  e'_au]deLe  donim^oaai: 

u^'oi'  ^  \.  \  ■  s'^a-^..  :.  .iati  \s-e  wtauid  haii  so  prep; '-^^^a;- 
ou>  an  a"a:'!^:ad'  a,-  a  C'"'ri.-^'in;natia)n  of  chr::->i  ^an  r)iid:o"  d; ro- 

hao:a-  ■_■(  ]'■-'}'■     Are  v;c   a-  ^    -  daar  v\-'!ni]\a  > 

aiJndrad       .    .mi^ljcIi       'w  ::cn  dir^iipe.",,  aoiid-iva'  ^ad 

!7-a.<:a.   .':  .  '    \  W::  -:dan'l;a;.i   ^a.  a,  ".- 

a-  a-'.;  ;  oar  riv:v  i:.i\a  io:aaOj>  been  cauod  to  c^'aT'o  ao 
we  stepped  asaJa  iroin  the  appropriate  sphere  of  our  heri- 


tai^c  :  .r-  of  oLi ;'<'d not  to  stand  by  passively, 
althu^.^h  V.  c  were  allowed  no  voice  in  our  local  o-overnrnc.nt. 
but  to  ea)niribute,  whar;: aar  we  were  not  repulsed  by  seli- 
conceii  aav i  distrust,  to  the  promotion  of  the  moraiit}', 
educati<  n.  and  iinprovajiiient  ot  the  new  cob:>red  citizen;^ 
and  ward.^  y>i  the  Uidted  States ;  enduring  meanwldle  I  heir 
overburdi.  idng  taxati<jn  of  our  Impoverished  e-tates.  in  h^a.);: 
that  t'vj  abundaiit  revenue  wrested  from  as  would  be 
fuliy  apndi--d  to  -aieh  :p  " ni  purposes  by  their  vaunting  frie'id^ 
and  Xortn  vaaoa  aai  iuv..  r-->  ••;  ::om  they  \''^tafa  into  office  in  a 
spirit  tow  ards  us  of  rva^v  :n  nwaU  andi  bitter  avLr>i'.«n,  and  wlieuii 
thca-hr  a-  'a  a  ^  -  "  a  -  a  v  ;-  aw  •  a  -af  that  wt  aoj 
not  t  h    •  aw    .  ■.  a  awe.  a  r  are  the  chief 

cdjpjw-     f  the  exercise 
when,  contused  in  a  t •  ■  d  ' 
and  demorahzatio;: . 
siiirht  dwaree.  aware  of 


-4 


State,  an  J  that  ncai'ly  all  their  new  !::;inde^  a  ■ 
fji^e  and  ra [i,.CM»i.i-  gn ides  -  ha.\  c  not  c-.:  jr, 
betior  gidda i'Oe  ?  i-{.ive  we  not  been  found,  thrr, 
gained  a;ui  ine-  ^nsiderable  concession  of  minority  r 

:.  ...  ■  ,  ■       ,  _  ^  our'  ki:.    .  . 

j:)crience  in  ^-.sch  mai^agenicnt  of  [)iibiic  allair^  a-- 

i\<^  d  "  ^  ■        d  ,  \  s.ib.iu^vl  ^'-^ 

(d-  •••  .      Historical  S-.  rit  t)  ■ :     \  )••.>  ;  a 

tr.     =        da'   .    .       dc^srd  tr-tn-of  h!:-t'>''\-r 

t.  :       ^    /  /■  a..,:  Larollua  :    Do   I   interpret  ;n-': 

c'ldia'ara:^:,  \  oar  beneficent  dispe>siti<.ni,  \'OLir  paird 

d;  di..  ditiire,  be  ii  idir  or  near''    _\nd  rnav  I  n^-t 

e\cr  the  State  ^',as  wor^'y 

it  ^v-  "-  i-    !i:/r  present  a;: 

ead V  V        a  ,  ■  'i  ;  r  V\ -a  t  a  a . 

ppv.  -  :  ■  .  .a 

to  ta^.  .-  a      ,x  ia,-diy  caita, 

\^d'iether  Soutli  CaroHaa  :daid  .yaaa  ac  radiad^^aa 
no  diniiiiution  of  iier  former  stateship,  and  p-^-'  ar- 
fluence  ;   or  whetlier— but  let  us  not  coiUenipiaiv 
the  future  other  than  she  has  beca,  a  proud  ecu  a 
t'^a  ;  >ri;.d'a:  tors  of  tlie  union!    Let  us  not  contena 
ot'iicr  than  our  old  State  ever  worthy  of  ou.r  lo\'e  aia 
whose  historic<il  career  is  still  unf!ni>hed,  and  \Ua 
achie\aanents  and  renown  it  is  the  claasen  rdii.'a: 
SLciacv"  to  elucidate  and  perpetuate.    Yet  I  may  a 
as  to  sa}'  that  there  arc  now  two  South  Carolinas  ; 
and  dignified  one  v/hose  life  a  political  tribulation 
overwhelming,  has  failed  to  extinguish  :    and  a  r 
spurious  South  Car< dina,  usurping  the  name  an^i  f 
of  the  <jkL    W'c  sh:dl  not  place  them  in  contra:-t, 
\aa.i     lo.->k  upon  this  picture- — an.d  eui  diisi" — but  ir 
a-ked,  a  id  the  new  nvhdda  God  forbid  I ;  vitiate  tn-  - 
will  the  cdd  niad'y  displace  rlie  uava  or  infuse  her 

modified  system  adapted  to  the  best  interests  of  I'a 


f  ad  mi  rat: 


>aic  PC' 


inc^"  races,  living  together  in  civil  e(|ual[ty,  but  in  insuper- 

:th!c  i^ocial  separat'-    ,  ■     '  '^,•:.thie^, 

and  antagonisms  n-  .•  .  ,.,  .  .  .•  ;  •  •  .  . aW-.-:  inter- 
meddling, and  tlie  wisest  statesmanship  and  forbearance 
on  our  part  can  change,  and  .perhaps  may  change,  into 
inutual  good  will  and  political  fraternity?  If  the  future, 
however,  shall  continue  to  Ije  like  the  present,  and  tiie 
recent  past  in  its  corru:  ■•  .        -.  .      the  grasping  at. 

arbitrary  or  exclusive  coiiji'.  '-  -v'  'rated 

from  bondage,  it  will  dem.'    ,   .      v    -    ,  :    ■  ;>r 

modification  of  decrees  und.;r  vljich  ii  v-  \  -  •^-'.i-r.:  •■'b- 
c>5'd!nate  an-     :  ■•  •  ■  •  ,  -■■  • 

to  African  ,        ■  :         ,  .  ^  .  -  ■  . 


\\  It tkOut  n\  \  ■ 


-v :..  Zr::  --'!'■.;:,..;:;;  '    .  :    [  ;  war,  Ic^d  US 

[  \A       '  .  .      tnniittuii  i.  ,::i^:a[  errors,  nioi'c  ^r.  --^  .  -v^ 

.  :)-.rw;  L  ^:::i^H:tuu  ai;  .iiir^t  us,  and  agu;n.->L  the  integriLy 
uf  our  old  constituti>jnal  republicanism;  to  show  that  i.ir  '-: 
has  been  a  continued  misapprehension  of  our  motives  aiui 
attitude  u  the  cessation  of  armed  hostilities :  and  to 
claim,  with.  -  :  :  -ui  o(  coa\-ictions,  fu uiided  on  ti  uih 
and  right,  th..  rc-vpoct  and  admirati«')ii  of  the  wiiole  country, 
and  r.he  ceaic- ssion  of  compromises  sucli  -as  may  better 
secure  our  common  liberties  in  the  union  for  our  children 
and  our  children'^  child  re;!.  There  is  more  need  of  a  Cen- 
tennial for  such  a  our]>o.-c  than  there  i-  nc  <.i  for  the  one 
^vldcil  \w:-  ;-;e      •     calibrating.     In  fd  diet  thac  the 

u:  '■.     ir  :  •  '      henceforth  iiKir-  -[jfui^^  \\\)  tla;  irae 

pidic)-  oi  tile  Northern  and  N  ■  '  --:r;?  Stitu-;  if  iii'-y 
shall  have  wisdoni  and  patri. /  e, is  -ucscituie  liie 
conservatioTi  and  strengtlien i>i  the  Caucasian  South  in 


26 


place  of  their  apparent  policy  for  its  impoverishment  and 
Africanization. 

As  an  Historical  Society,  the  scope  of  our  labors  and 
the  objects  which  \vc  design  to  accomphsh,  have  relatioi^ 
mainl}-  to  the  .past.  It  nia\',  hovvcver.  be  regarded  as  not 
inappropriate  to  the  purposes  of  our  Association,  to  en- 
deavor, with  fairness  and  without  reserve,  to  reveal  and 
expound  the  present,  and  thus  furnish  to  the  future  the  true 
key-note  of  its  interpretation  of  our  ]ii<tor}'  in  connection 
with  the  history  of  the  whole  count r\-.  And  it  mny  even 
be  permitted  us  to  transcend  for  a  mon\ent  the  limitations 
wliich  should  properly  interest  us,  and  to  glance  at  t"  :re 
as  Vv'e  deem  it  discernible  in  the  light  reflected  i-  "  :  j 
present,  and  in  the  liglit  \\hich  tlie  future  itself  l  y 
sheds  when  it  beckons  us  forward  to  dut\' to  be  p  ■  i 
and  ble^sitigs  to  ■  ■    -  '  ■    '  -        ■-'-■r  -' 

getic  must  a  pe^  v  

calling  them  onwrir.,;  r     /■■[■,■:         ,  : 
'       .  .  "  r  ir  b  j  ^. .  y'-^.l 

t  ^   ^,  I, ^b:;;  . .  '    l"ha.t  a.  -. 

\^'e  p.v:j  l:'-.::'V-u:  i ri-  /Jinate  portion  of  a  nation  h  i- 
very  neariy  unined  under  a  central  g*'\-crnment  to  wliich,  in 
re-p-v"  ■  '  -  TA-er,  ^\-e  are  scarceU"  mr^re  tlian  a  count}-  is  to 
a  S:..:  .  a  ward  to  a  Cit)'?  Inat  this  almost  accom- 
plished centralization  is  to  be  regarded  as  the  re^iik  of  an 
evolution  that  has  been  progressiiig  for  the  past  ■  ; 
drecl  years'^  If  this  be  so,  we  at  least  im])arted  pj-  y  - 
to  such  an  evolution.  We  were  not,  if  wc  judge  ari^i-t  '"-•■•m 
antecedent  causes.  mo\-ing  in  the  direction  of  <uc\i  a  . 
ment.  If  tl'is  interpretation  of  th.e  present  is  to  be  ■, 
our  transition  from  the  rank  of  a  Confederated  Star  c- 
union,  to  that  a  dependent  Province,  will  nc't  ha\'e 
occurred  with  our  passi\'e  consent,  r  a-  'virhout  a  struggle 
and  .rnany  a  wound.  \Vc  could  pa.-:i  n  to  our  po-ition 
with  the  thirty-eight  other  Provinces  of  the  natitin,  proud-- 
of  our  scars,  proud  of  them  in  the  presenxe  of  those  of  our 
sister.  Provinces  who  helped  h>rward  such  a  consunimati':»n 
and  fought  for  such  a  result.    But  Is  tliis  to  be  our  la^arc?' 


Will  forty-four  millions  of  voices,  throuL^hout  our  States  and 
Territories,  answer  in  the  •  '  '  \Vi;l  tliis  ^tare, 
feeble  as  she  is,  join  in  sacii  a:,  .  a.  -  asthis^  iia\a'\\:e, 
indeed,  no  future  with  an  independent  local  i^overnrnen.t, 
and  with  a  a  '\<  a  State  to  d  aend  our  constitutional 
r!:_^lu^-'  '  ;  aa^.;.  a  vd-tuKti)-  ^a-j^ani/cd  v^-a-iaa,  retain- 
!r.L;       th.a:  a":i-  v-~>b'y  characteristic  of  us  ^  'ttie  of 

Fort  M  -  .a;:dc  to- the  furhnq'  of  the  banner.-  at  A;a  •  : 
"'^  -  ■    -a^cr  thar  ;  •  ;iancy  is  fa"  aa— j.^  -  -d:  :  ^-a- 

.  .-        '  a  full     -  ^  ■ ,  .  M-a'cr  Stat.-  ■  ■  .  a:-    -,  a.;       •  .  . 

doniinatio!!   within  our  own  boi':  ■  -,  ^  1  a  dreairt  ar.d  a 
delvis!-.  •      •     diat  no      •     ^      fatarc.     r  :  :a;y  rt'^cia-  ■ 
to  our  beckons   ..  ■  .  <  ■^■ard  to  i'i^a,  •■  happiiu-:--  .lii-,.; 

renown,  ■v^■ou!d  be  'to  our  souls  the  ova.a-ture  of  a  nKairniid 
rer-  .  :r    ■:  '    a  that  ^^Tal:!l  hnwcd  oar  la     :  .  : 

S'^a  ;.-  "  .  ;a^:  ^^f.^-^^-^  '-i  OUT  si'ias  .-aa!  brvaiicr-  \-. -a...  .a>.^.i 
ai  '  :,"a-^  ea  ^/t  t<  '  ;3f -'-.ava  n  a^.i  kc-:aj  ---  L-a;.;  riybts 
b}-  i;-:  ■  --.'xalm-u-:.:  -  A)  ^ ..  ;       :  r.nt.    No.  ;  \....- 


who  perished  for  our  in'.;---; >cndent  local  L^ovt-rninent  a  ium- 
dred  y^-ars  'c^'J/k  hahtiuL;  under  the  stii^ma  of  rebel-,  are 
around  as  on  e\  er\-  --ide,  and  awaken  our  dutiful  rexe'  eace 
f^r  all  ihat  is  ada~ar:a>;e  in  patrirtti-^iTi.  To  these  tijna^  .  '  .a 
us  still  lead  our  children  as  to  hoh'  shriiies,  and  rv;ach 
them  there  to  emulate  the  probit}-  and  maidines^  of  f  ;aaer 
times,  and  to  h)ok  hopefully  to  the  future.  Let  us  tel^  d.^aa 
that  we  were  satisfied  witli  the  happy  condition  of  ;:)ur 
State,  and  with  it-  a  a-titution  ;  but  unprepared  suddr  i^'y 
to  break  up  on  deaaual  of  foreii^n  phiianthrophisr--  '"air 
establi>hed  s\'stem  <if  lab('a\  or  unite  in,  ^~;ther  people"^  de- 
\  eNy aiiciits  unconL;"ep.ial  with  our  own,  o\-  to  surrender  './ur 
iiberties  and  nier^e  v)arseKa::s  in  a  c^ai  -  '  ^  ai::;;d  a<)\  erMr;u  .it  ; 
let  us  tell  them  that  ae  were  a-  a  a-  ;  ishin;;  lad'v.-.'..--  ,  ■ 
planted  bythe  waiters  of  a  quiet,  stream,  but  a  {\- -"  A  -  erw 
\'x')V'  r--   '   liS  in  other  -  ro.-'    -,:m:';-  ■-      t''     a^    ...^  q{' 

reijain  its  \agor;  that  it  will  bloom  anew  and  put  forth  frash- 


28 


leaves  and  branches  in  the  place  of  tiiose  broken  and 
wrenched  av/ay  and  long  since  borne  down  on  tlic  raging 
flood;  let  us  tell  them  that  our  old  State  civilization  is  not 

anriih.iiated  :  its  courtesies  and  public  rnarnfestations  ma\'  Yj:- 
resirained  ;  its  elegancies  may  be  diminished  ;  its  joy  may  be 
turned  into  sorrow  ;  and  even  its  form  may  be  changed  :  but 
its  essential  force  still  exists  in  our  devotion  tf)  Ir-n  .r,  in 
our  love  of  every  mora!  ■::'\^\  : !  c  J  s  xcolience.  Lkir  career 
is  not  yet  completed.  :  .i-j  ,.;.;:e  may  be  stii'  lr>;:!trr 
than  the  past.    Truth,  and  justice,  aiui  :  ; 

are  everlasting :  surviving  re-  .  -  in.  ;..  ■  -  Mt,  and 
brin-:-v  ^  •  n-  n.  tinvc        .  .■-:or:.h  i\         ^•v^..  .-^:- 

and  Iv;   ^  •  cr^_  ,.n-y ^nni:,:  i'^  vid  -■^ir-; 

lina  inconsistent  \^  ith  thv  ,        ,  >        -  "::n; 


t   of  ,         .    •  ,     -    vP'    h.,  the 


It.     hut  let  us  n^v  ^  ;.    ;  _      -      :,   :.,^_it  <m:i^  uc-/n  m 

cc- ■  „  ami  ij'Jii'  ■  ' 

as  a  ;.we.     ■       ■  ;'i  onr  n..^  ^-  ■      -v^  f;-'_;...nu;n\    For  , 
not  aband.  ;  He  stni  rah:  -    a-    i:itions  of  tiie  r;:.;  h 

b\'  providences  which  we  may  not  full)*  cornprcii .n^'j  ,  i'':- 
they  give  r:s  assurance  that  He-  '[[  :h  -■•^■■l  ■■■■■  and  SLree-;-;,  n 
us  if  we  trust  in  hlini  :  and  -  e-    ,         in  the  - 

of  time  His  rign.tci.jus  vengeance  against  falseliood,  and 
fraud,  and  wickedness  in  high  places,  and  against  all  -who 
wilfully  pervert  truth  and  justice,  and  betra\-  tiie  rights  and 
freedom  of.  their  people. 


A  D  D  1.1  E  S  S 


Soi'Tii  Garolixa  Historical  Society 

ox  TriKIR 

MAY  i-rr, 
iVy  J.  J,  P  IM  X  i .  L  E  S     1  T  II .  E  .  Q  . 


Ill  tlu;  pnlniv  diiy>.  of         ;        -  'i^-.  ]<>  ;^-t;-m  r,i. 

;-    t'".'    a  i'^-'    „   ;  ,i,'i';j'vr:i'  ]  - '•..^i !  - :  li :  ■ 'r-^  :   Uy  :i"    a  j )]  >v)m  ;  T'-'t  i 
•>;■..[:;,■,_,->:•  -'Mf^U^  '^f   rl;-    j,;i^r.    Xau;   iih'U].h\^  l^v 

wiii'-h  til-'  ^---L-  ■     ,,  r]ui  |>!:i;ry  Mliu   r'-.iiMUcr  ;;v' 

wliicli  >:■•  ;l':i-rmrf.-<i.     Siicii  '•;i;!jnuernt»rari<.;]i  th'-y 

(leullH.Ml  'lllr  Tjj  liii;>r  a""'  a\<C)    i»t    l  •  '     :  - 

T?iiiio  (:Vf,'ry  A.ri;  Mi'  ^.i:.  tu  -ill  ■hinir-  \vir:.  ;  •    '  ■  '  ■! 

patience  '  in  r'n-.  !-:mi>.;-  ...!;  hi-  ^uonrrv/'  Superior  i:-  .m;  ^mv 
n;^pects  ■  M is  in^'Mcru  to  ancicMir  «'ivi]izafi./ji,  vahi:ilile  hints 
]u--y  -fi;;  ;V;'i'i  a,  w';')  \\'.;:!    f^i'  i-iijinrfv 

1  i  i>i ;  ii'-Tiun  lii  arc-  .ual  ariii-  r'lar  a  :i.=  -       a^ii     ^a'  :a: 

siicceaaiiiLr  ;>i»-i^>.  A^' liat  them.;.-  t.iou*  ■a.^Lira  :  •.-..i;  Aiu'l-iv 
•  •nas,  ^^L:._v-:■•a     .  :     a^aiai  1  had  i'or  the  ])resent 

ia;:<'asiu!i  \vhich  sjuajia.uv  -liiV'-L-  oar  r'iiaiLihr-  t"  S');!f!!  ^^'ai'o- 
litia  ami   her  hi>t<*rv.   jnst  a-  ^hf  i>  ^aiicc- lmli'  a  !  a:u- 

v»eriod  or  isii-ni'a  \\.\\:\  suiTerin.i:-.     Sl.xteen  years 
Siat'j,  ^vith  ten  <)t[icr-,  withdrew  from  tliis   Fe  '  a  a  ■  h'-a;. 

^l  lia=-ydides  Pelnp.  War.  B^K-k  a. 


2 


seokino*  safety,  poaf-e  and  liapi)inet^.>  niider  a  government 
v.-ir]iiii  tlieir  owii  hordor?,  so-  oi-ganized-  to  them  seciuod 
most  likely  to  etiect  those  o])jects.  War  ^v:>-  w;iL<  d  i  ■  v:>j 
thein  :  '  into  the  ['nioii.  It  \v;]>  >i;-<-e— f;il.  n'l'i  tm-  ^■<vu{ 
has  ^r  .-^-i'd  a  fasldori  of  adudni-tr'iri  'U,  ii'it  t^)  >;iv  i)i 
hi; inanity,  on  tlie  part  of  the  victors,  witi.^^iit  a  parallti  iii 
th\^  l:.\<'-vy  of  recorded  i ; .  ; ^ ■  ' ■  : ^-   i  -;.,.v.--;  ■  a 

word  hivt';>ted  \vit!l  ;d]  t-  !'i",-;-  .     ■■-v-    i  u'::- 

tioT:   r.f    th<-^    V'hh^-     ]■  \  1!.^ 

suhjeeitid  to  a  OS  ol  lite  i_--iL>»r:'.;'.«;e.  r.  '••  -d  :  '  -i 
there  h«'j-,''i  -v ''■iVid \-:d  .d  ^vr-w-\           ■  - 

erio.i;,\  ■        ;  r.;-  i  :d-  :    :•■  " 

ernmenr.  ^uch  a-  a  (•iv);:/-;  '  ■ ■. . p.o  ^vas  neve'-  '       ;  > 

ih.e   :■•  ^ :  •  di-  [v>  o^'-:'..-  -  ^ 

Car<.MO::: -u.d;  d^' '^•er•:l'd.        re^^ened  lier  jd'' . 
g-rasp  01  her  opp.^- •      ^nd  -r-d-''-.  ^.^d  tli*^  new  1-'--.:  ■:'  . 

r-'";r.''"  *":i;"irion.  theii   rhat  -li?':^  ih(^  i.'<\ 

>p;  d  :  ^  .i;-,  '.-  ■•iie  ot  a-raticucle  to  '.Todi  ior<.)Ui'  ■';'-d..'r- 
auee.   a?.'.:  f  Uaj'pv  luispiei^:?  under  whieii  <jur  S:;,'. 

d":,:':  -  ■  '.--d  i;;  :ier  dfe.     Sud  a,nd    patiHiu.         ■  : 

u--, d.._.  \-.    ^ ;-  ;         sittinir  in  Eu^'oii        .  i-> 

ness,  amid  distress  and  ]»erplexity,  mend-  hearts  well  >:i'Ai 


(.)n'y  a  I't^w  inontli-;  In-f'-r-'  tbr*  n.vplress  \va-  '1 '■•].] v^-i-fHi 

.     :  :    ■    ^--   .     ■      ■  .  ]      .      .      ,       nd-nnd.H.  ^ 

le-v  r  .  ■  '    ,  -   r  .  :„    -  ■  v.-  tuv-il 

Ham:^.  :  .      '   ■  -  ■:<■_:>■  .■:.^  i;^:;^e-  ^^--r- 

Stat«  Huw—   -  ■  ■  •         '    u:   '--au'h   w---^  th"  ^-t 

and  archiv--^,  v.-.i-  '  ■      •  i-  • 

defr-a ted ■  party.  n\  .  '  •  ■  ,,    ;  -  :  ■  -  ^: 

aiiiier  tlx*-  "ro  -r-      frr-i,,  i.ri::,:;-.         .v,i-  u<^'  '  ■ 

Hon  of  Mr.  fi;..v      uudf-T  the  :i'-»-Ki-.n  <>K  rlic  Ci-; 

rhe  State  II- /use  was  evacnaU'-'i]  by  th--  '^Arv^'-'Ai.  una 

ri iflitf ul  claimants. 


failinti-  the\)i  for  lookiiioc  after  the  thinii-.s  to  come;  for  surely 
never  Wiis  aiiv  furiner  sorr^nv  like  to  this  wliieh  has  i.evMi 
'lone  uii to  lis — 

Bnr  liow,  at  Inst,  the  sacred  iiitjucnce 

A  giiiniii<?ring  diiwn, 

crlud  li.irhiijirer  of  tlie  (jlorie^  of  the    '      i       <lriv,     Sot  nnlv 
then  may  ^^■e  recall  the     :  ■    y  ^..'n^s  '.v.  r^-  i 
t«.)  iiis  c!'eiir:L'le-.  sur\"i\''':>  i-;'  \v.ij'  ,         '      '        [  ' 

rhrllls  the  heart,  and   -v;-!-  ihr-     :  ■        < .  d:  u    :u  :  : 
veins — rhat   the   iriDirr  hi^'eeiar!  -iia.:i  take       a'j-ain        r  'S 
point  a  sr(:>ry  hKr^  r->  r;i,LT       '  ■';  .   ■  the  ^v^v-   e     >  •    •'  ■ 

sensitive  to  eiic-ru:!ehLiien^--  .    v\::\\^-  a-ed   iiL'e:;!:;  ■  -1 

intolerant  of  nusirovei-iMi.eii'.  ri^in-:  ;^>v.  ;  .  ; 

of  adversity  to  press  un  in  a  noble  career  <  r  t-nrhyiitc-nr*!  f  r  — - 
doni  hetirrhiir  their  tradiriuns,  and  the  ];ruiid  distincti..'n  of 
theii'  racj  ;oi'i  iiiieaire. 

It  is  net.  }i.Avev»-n\  a-  I  iiave  iniin.iate<l,  with  disen.- -{■.>::  •-: 
the  present  ox  too  curiMUr-  >r>eculati' >n.  on  tlie  Uirur'\  u 
veiled  frcjie  view,  that  I  now  prorw.-.^  i-  ,  vo^k 
ti(<n.  A.  chei:-ri;iH"  h()w  of  promise  I'ii'  li;;'  v-_ -  , 
httely  dark  wini  lowerlnir  ci>)ii(.U — -u'!-  iirul  it  witli  ^■?';U"''al 
jov.  ;in<i  r:ihi:'^-  fresh  c*<.>ara.*:-e,  we  move  forward  tu  tii«'  dma-s 
hi.'tore  <>ar  faith  :!"eass!o-e«l  and  ■dsnpe.  dau-'liter  <,d  fhi  :.. 
companion  of  the  way. ' '  Hi.it  of  the  fixed.  irrovo<;abie  p  ;-*. 
wirii  the  seal  of  immutabilirv  forever  set  upon  it,  it  is  ihi-- 
niilted  tu  :-p(.-;Lk  ^.vi?;;  (-»i.ndence.  I  in\d!i-  von  ru  tiie  rerr"- 
spcct.  Shonld  it.  ,>ee \ ri  supertiuons  t«»  >rir  up,  1 » y  w.mv  of 
remenduMiicc,  the  ndtids  of  my  tdder  iieai;-  r-.  I  ndv  r  :  ir 
}ndnl:XC;u:e,  becau-e  recital  of  nuich  liiat  iivioM^r^  to  v-.-- 
th;-on;;:h  which  they  have  lived,    i>ut  n'r  ■ -di!'-' . 

history,  is  iudt-pensablo.  in  order  to  im.-t ••.:<••  tiie  vunfiiier. 
t!i'i-e  Mp^.ni  whom  the  duties  and  privileu'-s  <d  citizenship  are 


4 


nov,'  devolvino',  to  know  ihe'w  State  nriirht,  aiul  so  knowip.rr^ 
to  estimate  properly  tlie  honours  iin<l  resp<)Tisil»ilities  of  tljMt 
cicizensiiip. 

When  ^vc  retlect  on  all  that  has  heen  inliicted  on  ns  in  the 
last  sixteen  years;  tlie  wagins:  of  the  late  war  1)Y  the  X'.ji-th 
on  the  S(vuth,  tlie  policy  pursued  ro^\'ards  the  l^^outh  since  rhe 
end  of  the  war,  especially  on  the  lie-:-'  : nigs  and  opinions 
of   the  ^orth   -v^^h  ^  ^   ^  '      ■■^o-  div;-;.; 

twenty-live     ■         .    y-         ■  ■    >  .  ■■  '  n.  .  ■  :  ■ 

rises  spontaiujuii>i\'  in  ■  Soiuii  r:,;' .  '-a 

done? — what    has  >liu   ^        i;  'r— •  ■  ';i 

thought  t(»  n)erii:  al'  r!.'-  ^tii  d^^iy 

These  questions  I  p-,,-  ,^     r,  ');r-;t_     li-'re  are  ^:  —  . 
d;>ni')t.  wlio  w<''>:  '       :;v  i  --^"l-  — I 

Siiall  nr«r  •[    •  •     ■  -'•;i--;.h!y  v^nir 

])atien!-t:'  .  -iu  ■  ■     ■■         \''^iur  ni^'w'-.  '-ir 

t:li^  may  ii.^^  i-^      :.r':i!v:' "  ■[  .\  Piil'^r  i.  :.;-  ■  i 

will  find  an  iippropri-ite  ]>i;ie^'  in  the  Tni].i\^-ing  remarks,  that 
the  singular  fate  of  Snuth  ('"ariilina  uiay  he  likened  xn     ■■j  ..f 
a  pupil  up'.'U    hose  devoted  hend.  n<'.r  h-eean^e  of  in--;-'-.... 
uess.   hut  ]>eeauso  of  to«v  <yv<:-it  d<'eiiitr,  the  vials  ,-.f  t'-a--v-r 
wrath  poured  have  been  tiio-e  froni  tiio  :.-ainl  of  the  '••.•icln-r. 

In  eoTisidering  tlie  'juestit  -is^  a-ked.  ;iijove,  th.e  prop.;r  k:h'- 
of  an  address  uiai^-e  jn«j  to  '-v.'nnne  iuv-l-Ii  to  one  p- >i ^ : " ,  vi  : ; 
The.  general  course  and  [>"-ition  of  ijur  Mate  toward-  the 
General  (.rovernmetit  an<l  her  sister  States.  It  ha-  h.-cii 
conmion  to  charge  hor  witii  a  chronic  spirit  of  iiupatieia/e  and 
discoistent.  ka,ding  - -f rcn  to  ,!idinir*'>ry  denu'ri-trati'^n-.  1  n-^ 
as  a  text,  the  follow] rig  w<.»rds  colhitedl  from  among  ^nn  --  -  ; 
'•Ever  on  tlie  watdi  for  is-  nes/'  — Agitati..n  did  ii-H  n^.  a>e 
there  on  one  point  ])efor<?  ir.  began  on  a-  — 
for  violent  remedies.  N<^r  hy  way  of  ■_  :  or  o  a- 
tiou,  none  is  nn-  at;  in   vindication  r.f  idie  Star o  f-  ai 

these  and  siniilar  imputations.  ,<n<l  in  ai-raii-Mti.ai  ;-f  h'-r 
motives  and  her  action  it  shall  he  my  oino'-t  to  siiowa  ri.ar 
from  the  formation  of  the  rni<>n.   upon  critical  oeeasions 


involving  A\e  position  and  honour  ami  diLi'nitv  of  ciie 
GeneTal  Governmenr  in  its  relations  with  foreia'n  powers. 
S'lmtL  Carolina  tias  l»een  true  and  faitht'ul.  and  moved  b}-  riie 
patriotic  .spirit  which  in  enierircricies  puts  aside  seltish  consid- 
erations and  interests,  has  ina<le  the  coninjon  cause  h^^/'  can:-e, 
i;tterin<r  no  uncertain  civiili;:::'  voice,  hut  stren^rthenin::::  the 
U'overnnient  and  projuoting  its  success  hv  tinn  and  eloquent 
words,  hv  iiift  of  iile  and  treasure,  hy  <l.'ino-  and  by  sntl'or- 
in*r  —that  in  matters  of  internal  or  ■nHz-^tii;  nar nn--  rouchinir 
the  relations  of  the  Government  vrith  tn,  >r.i:  -  ;  ^  ;  ■■':e 
Stales  with  each  otlicr.  S,;;  -';  ■  '  -  ■  .  -  ■     -  ruiiii-:  ;if 

others,   has  readily  accejut  ■ .  .  :  the  !*onf....on 

burden-,  lias  been  u-iU;!;--  r.-.  m.ike  sacrinci.'>.  ha-  srrii.-cl v  I  •■[it 
tlirh  aii:^  ''v''''^od  ii'T      ■i.;-''L;-^aiLo;;  [:-,  -    :    -  ■  ■ 

■.\  \a  •  ■  ■■'  v^-'a,:  ^  '''[.■'[ 

nient^  upoii  the  (."onsntntion  wiiic]!  Iiav*/  huen  causes  of  so 
many  w<:>es»  eann  r'r^^ni  none  'd"  rhoii)  frfin  her — 

so  far  tr'.va  havinu-  ^*a  pa-^io'i  tor  vi..ient  remedie*:."  hx'V 
representative-,  with  the  liiMrty  ctmciirrence  of  lier  people, 
in  «.)rder  to  secure  rr»e  h.lf-s-iu^-s  of  peace,  v^-heu  jaaice.  was 
consistent  with  ri-'ht  and  h-aiour.  have  d'»ne  that  whicli  i>  -t 
oiice  the  niusr  diiTicuit  and  the  nso-t  nn!)it'  of  all  chinii;-  .in  !*e 
done  by  men  in  puhiic  lite,  ihat  whirdi  stanij''^  with  true 
elevation  of  soul  ami  u't-nuine  iia.triori^ra.  1  mean  tliey  have 
risen  above  party,  and  dafyin<:,  '"tiio  Towd's  tumultuous 
cries,  ''have  b-ddiy  troad  tli*^  ]>ath  of  (hirv,  whether  leadinif 
to  comiiiendati.ai  <>r  to  (»ensure — tiiat  air'aaiii-li  at  times  her 
f'.<,>nvicti'..>n-  imposed  upon  hcv  c(mtentionr-  with  the  (ieneral 
(Toverri:;  a',  v-t  rlien  h'^v  ''liurse  was  «;)pen  and  manlv.  her 
]uir[)o:-e-  a^axaowdedLred  and  ]>rnehdnied.  and  (ainaed  into 
elfect  when  ttie  ^rovernnnj^nt  wa-  -li'  a;^-  and  frea  fro;[i  ^  lia  ar- 
ras-ment.  never  wlum  redress  of  her  private-  ua^a.i^s  iahrht 
have  LnveUi  ai<i  and  comfort  to  an  enemy,  (jr  so  iiampered  the 
G<;>vernment  in  its  foreign  ])olicy  .as  to  brinir  discredit  upon  it. 
The  statevsmen  of  hsT  established,  us  you  know,  a  fv.»rm  of 


G 


iroveriimont  founded  upon  a  written  c<")n,-Titiition — a  compact, 
iia\-ing  for  its  l)asi:-  tiie  free  consent  of  the  governed,  and 
recognizing  no  principle  of  force  other  tlian  tlie  •'energy  of 
law/'  consequently  dependent  for  its  life  on  the  good  faitli 
of  ]nen.  And  I  vvoTdd  have  you  ol>serve  tlie  coineirlence 
between  rlie  early  sncee.-s  of  this  new  experiment  of  g'>veni- 
n-ent,  and  the  prevalence  with  t'  -    -  ■  r  e 

outset  and  for  a  time,  of  good  f..  i  -  :  .   l  i, 

in>>tives.  ami  of  respect  for  establislied  law.  Was  it  mere 
coincidence?  In  the  ]i;j,-hr  of  sn!.><M|ii^ ;  evoit.-,  I 
not  rather  say.  c.-r.^e  -md  eifect  ? 

3Iy  propo-ui  I.  i>  riutt  tlie  General  (^.i^-rrninriV  I 
should  add  the  whole  couiitry,  as  it  v:  bi  dii?  Gov^-r:^--  r.  .• 
lias  l>eeu  indeiite-l  t"  Ji'^  Sr;>(i.^  m-^VK.^.  tiiisn  lo  Si>i,  '  '  '  :;  . 
f«>r  etfectivo  sup]")<:>rt  a];d  servi'":».->  ir.  gr; vo  .-xig.-:.'-  .  ; 
when  sorely  needed  becac-e  of  sevr^re  i  ri'^-'sre.  -  :  - 
from  without,  and  sometimes  from  within.  \Vhate\-er  .-d' 
merit  tliere  may  he  m  tliis,  might  perha;;^  be  vnli:!.?;'  i)V  a 
eonsideratio.n  of  the  question,  wheciier  the  benetit  If.-.-  1  n 
rt^ciprnral  ?  Ihit  tliis  is  not  my  prt'^eiit  nim.  .A!.;.  ^b',c 
that  may  be  said  ]_)e..!-  r.>b.i  \viii  bi:  but  iiirbii-  ikaI 

to  my  real  orqect.  Soutii  (.'arolina  was  b  b  ■.■need  by  early 
affection  for  the  Imion.  and  when  this  w ,■.•.>  •■■nbed  by  b:b-- 
rice  and  insult,  she  still  obeyed  what  seeiot-d  to  be  tho  - 
of  good  faith  and  honour.  These  were  paratnount  t-  •  b  ;- 
erations  of  return,  ^[y  concern  now  is  mainly  Aviti'  ••■  n- 
dnet  towards  others,  and  to  present  the  groun<ls  on  '.\'b;,-;,  [ 
rest  denial  of  t]ie  unreasonable,  factious  spirit  attril>ut'/d  to 
her.  If  in  pursuing-  this  theme,  from  the  foundation  rbe 
government,  <-ontrasts  untavourabtle  to  others  should  ap»pe.ir, 
it  ^^^dli  be  Ijecause  they  rise  up  in  our  very  path,  and  <dfer  no 
little  strength  to  the  argument.  Not  to  notice  theni  w.M.bid 
be  false  deli'-acy.  and  unjust,  because  ir  '  '  Uk-  .  '  bating 
Co  others  the  unmanly,  unbeconung  parr  <  i  ree*'b  ■  ■v.i 
truth;  and  truth  is  not  cause  of  oiienee  to  a  mag  .  i- 
nature,    it  will  clear  the  way  too  to  u\y  ^i^arposc  to  norice 


an<"l  <lispose  of  a  reproach  often  lieard  fonuoi-ly.  and  resorr-^d 
to  at  any  thnc  'oy  those  ^'ho,  for  want  of  better  ux-apoji?, 
report  to  taunt  and  ^neer.  1  refer  to  udiat  was  inten<;led 
t'",)  lie  ex[)re>.sed  by  tlie  plirase,  South  Carolina  ab.stractiou/' 
And  in  what,  it  has  l)eeii  asked,  but  in  abstract  principles  Ht- 
riie  seeds  of  all  great  revuhitions  ?  To  wliat  else  sliall  we 
refer  the  irrcat  Imlwarks  with  which,  fr>>!ii  time  t-'>  ti ;•:!<•.  "ur 
ancestors  have  thought  it  necessary  to  pr>.rc«-';  r.;sf-ir 
{(riviiejfcs  and  iumiunitivs — ^[au-na  Charter,  the  Petition  of 
Right,  and.  the  lUli  of  r--^  ■  ^       '^This  '  .  .  -  ■ 

savs  the  phih->so|)]uc  au tlior  ->*'  in.c  e->say  on.  i  ■.: r- 

standing,  "whereby  ideas  tua:i  iv^^:ii  .^'s 
l)ecome  general  Lvpre-entati-.'f >  of  all  th^j  kin.L  ;inu  their 

names  general  names  ^  -        '      lo  vv-i;.,       ;     -i-t-  -"on;  e'.ai- 
t,,  ;  ■  '-'^-d 


what  others  they  came  'h(j]v,  the  U;  •  •  ..  '       -w  ■    .  idi 

names  commonly  aniiexed  r  •  r.-:J: 
real  exi^tencius  into  sorrs  a>  r:.e;  :':„;■.  o.^  v,'o\'  •      ;  •■:.ri-i';;-. 
to  deii-^ir.ki:ite  ih^^ia  ;i<^i''.m.'' iiii^r'y.  * '     T<.'  .v![:'[  r;;.r, 
o')  ikt.-'j  -o  .-vr-.;;  ide;\-.  :Mii  we  '.ning  'jiie-ci^ -i; -  <o'  viirh-  ^lad 
■wrong  - i'^  •  =!>  in  other  department  -  --f  ]:::n;.;n  icnowledi^-e 

and  con'viic:  U~e  iiave  al\rays  b-.-e:-  :  ::  :  /e-u.-o-.i  -he 
.Revoiuiiou  (;l  '7t5  as  a  striking  idn-  ;:         -  h  --n 

of  tliis  test  to  politics.  I  bi>rri..w  rite  v.-;.rds  of  an  ermnent 
and  philosopliical  statesman,  prefacing  tlium  \\ith  tl^e  rmi.o^k 
that  the  sensitiveness  to  wrong  in  the  men  of  tlie  perioo  ;:e 
alludes  to.  if  "omnieu'lablc,'  was  no  ii.'--  on  Liter  occa-i';!:.- 
in  the  annals  of  Soiitn  (.Vir'dina:  for  on  tliese,  tiie  evil-  wt-re 
not  "augured  at  a  distance.""  i>ut  were  \vv\:v  o resent. 
Mr.  Leirare  says:  ''In  accouncmg  t'.;r  "ur  1-  .  don  of 
Independence  it  is  c^nite  iiyperbolical  to  si)eak  ar-  a-:-  been 
too  common  to  do,  of  the  tyrannv  c:'  die  mother  country  and 
tlie  evils  under  which  tlie  colonies  icd.ioured  as  too  grievons  to 
i)e  endured.  They  were  jnde«id  hitoierabk^;  l>utonly  to  &nch 
mi.m  as  our  fathers.     Tiiere  was  good  cause  for  resistance. 


s 


bur  it  itiay  be  aiHriue'l  witli  cc-ulidenre  that  n<'>  other  peA]ile 
would  hav^e  rebelled  for  .sucii  a  <:au5e.  Tlieru  was  uotiiiriir  in 
their  situation  to  excite  the  passions  ot  vuioar  rnen.  There 
was  none  of  the  arrocities  by  wliich  other  nations  have  been 
ii-«.iiidt'd  into  tlie  furv  ^^^  civil  war — no  royal  ontraires — 
reli^'ifyrts  |>er^-eciiti(>ii— -no  'olouiiy  proscripti^.ni  ot"  the  wise  :»nd 
brave.  Even,  the  iMi^iit  of  ta.s:aLi')n  aa'fd.rjbt  wliiclt  they  were 
contendini;-  was  a  p]'(jspecri\ e  and  continu'ent  evil  rather  riian 
ail  a-ctua]  o-rievance.  -     One  spirit.  <.>ne  mind  pe3-va(h'd 

and  animatotl  the  wb<'!t^  ]ii;i>-.  T'^i-iv  iv-ued — nvrincii — 
distingiiislied — explained,  witji  all  b  i  ';  J  inirenniry  of 
tlie  seiioois.  lUit  i!"  thi^y  rea<()]h^,;  .ur  .:.  :r  rl2'br>  wirli 
till.'  subtlety  of  diM-ti.-i'^.  tb^'v  wcm-c  !)r<'j*:i!-c.  i  maintain  tneni 
with  tht^  eoiistaucy  rr \  >  r  tm-  !'r-r  time  in  the 

hi-tory  of  ^dvil  sordt'Tv  ;i  n  ;nt;.i)li  <  b  ■  ' '  1%^: 
creation  of  a  t^'reiit  "i;;;)ire/'  - ■:.  i  t  ;  •  .  .  i- 
//ierA/y.'/' //>••/,.••//  'ilsjn'i:'  was,  \\\  riic  wor«l<  ot  tin?  same  anthoj-. 
that  'Mvhen  we  c;iinc  to  ^\'rlre  our  (  \  -[ un- q;.  wx-  ;.;Mi 
nothing  to  do  Init  t<>  M-oiM-'-ibe  .V./  /  /  /  /  A^/,  "/  wirii  i- 
tion  of  liii^ht  and  rht-  niil-ir  r;,:u:-."  ib:</r«.^  m  -  ;,::'n 
always  wisdom  in  ridiciiiin^'  o>ti-,u'ti- >ii-.  And  it  may  truly 
be  affirmed  that  tlie  \\h<  nictiuns  of  South  ( '-••.ri/iina,  ji.ro  t<.>  i;C 
found  in  tlie  poliri<Mi  pb  "  .-m  v  t'  b,  *  '  .  .r'-n 
^■)f  ITsT,  ;ind  t>f  tlie  St:-  .  -  -i.,v  . 

tlie  former  on  the  uN^vernment  to  ]>e  orii'anized,  and  th-"  latter 
on  it  when  proposed.  It  is  chroutrh  i^^noranco  <»r  od^i.  i.ro- 
sentati»ni  '>f  what  our  forefathers  said  and  did  071  the^'  <M-;-a- 
^ioii-.  t:.a[  idle  ab-rr;ictii>iir-  h;L\'*-  bei'ii  iiii''iir''d  f  hrr  as  a 
reproach,  vrhen  .^trivinif  to  kco])  the  (renerai  arid  Stattj  (-ro\'- 
onmarnt.-  r-,.  rb..-*r  i-Y-.p'-r  -pheres.  It  is  n«,>t  wirli  the  (Con- 
stitution an<l  *  r,A'{-.'rnmuhL  -f  the  United  States,  as  estabiishc-d 
by  t!ie  founders,  tliat  she  Inis  ever  taken  issue:  bur  'v/ith 
viidarioas  (if  the  f(»rmer.  and  maba,dministr;i ti-.m  of  tlie  lartt-r. 

If  South  C'arohna  be  justly  ciiarueabie  ^vitil  iuordinati; 
pro|)ensity  to  tur])uleTu.*e  an»i  aiiiration,  it  cei'tainly  was  nor 
develop>ed  un.til  long' after  the  new  C'onstitutioi]  liad  irone 


into  openirioT'.  and  iiotaMe  exanij^liiS  ot  >ach  temper  bad 
been  ii'ivcn  by  other  ideates,  beii-iiudna'  at  a  very  early  date. 
In  wliat  I  atii  about  to  Siiy,  I  bavc  not  reg'ard  to  isolated  cr 
casual  exprer:r,io]is  of  individuals.  I  refer  to  acts  and  utter- 
ances entiiictl  to  the  weii^ht  prop»3riy  belongina'  to  snch  a- 
pr()ceed  fr<.)m  pai'ty  eombinations.  or  from  legislatures  or 
other  uriranized  bodies.  Of  -ucli  ■  '  •haraeter  .  ■ 
agitativ.m  in  the  tirst  session  of  the  ti r ■  ■  '  ...  '•e^-,  in  i  "  '  \  n 
the  subject  of  the  assun^^  n  ;  .       .  :  -  :  :  r'^-   --^^  ;■  -  r: 

the  Genera]  (-roveniment — the  :-m-ita.tion  to\v,ird..s  the  ch.»sc  <'f 
(reneral  Washin^^ton's  second  term  at  the  bnco  :,:  >  >( 

power  nassin;r  from  the  hands  ot  tiio  I-'eder  sli-r.-       ■        ■  f 
the  Kepublicaus — the    ti:\x:\i\-j\\  in.    I-!'4  on  the  ;..      .  e 
of    Louisiana, — the   airitation    m     i-'/O    .in    the  emi-ar,:.;' 
imposed  by  (.'ongress — ■  .  !  -  i  -j . 1 1 , 
the  war  with  <Treat   i*rii:;  ,:,  '  t;  !;.;  ,,r      .  .  :s 

were  in  tlie  rej^ion  north  of  31as(:;n  Jind   iJix'.irs  iin-c.  in  the 
intancy  i,>f  t!ie  £i:overnntent,  and  ^iiook  it  to  its  centre. 
uni<.»n   was  constantly   ri;rc-i.tene>i,   :ind   ik    s-.-heme      -r  its 
accomi ili^hment  t"0'^'  dehmte  -o  ^  pe.  a>  v/e  ure  ijifonuC:.!  oy 
tiie  yoUDLTer  Adams. lie  says:    '^'I'hi-;  uesi^n  iiad  iteen 
formed  in  the  winter  of  ls<'3  and  4.  i Cime-li'itely  aLis'!-.  ami 
as  a  conse<.|uence  of  "he  purchase  of  houi.-ia.na.  ••" 
This  plan  w.-.s        f;i:'  -i-.i-urod   that  riie  r^i-[)i>s(.l  Jia  =  l  heeii 
marie  to  an  irn.iividual  to  p^eriuit  lumself.  at  tlie  prerx-r  •i-::e. 
to  be  placed  at  the  heaii  of  the  nulitary  movements,  wiiiidi  it 
was  foreseen  would  he  riece>sary  for  rarryimr  it  into  e 
tion.  ■■     "     Tli.-it  projc(tt,   I  repeat,   had  ir.nii,;   ;  -  ^-je 

lenirth  of  fixin^r  u[)on  ;i  military  leader  for  its  exec iU ion ;  -.wvl 
althousrh  the  circumstau'-es  of  tl-e  time^  never  admit' -.-d 
execution,   nor  evi-n  of  it-  fuU  dt:\-c[. .pnicnt.  [  had  \>-\ 
doubt  in  1  so.>  and  1  .S< and  liave  no  doubr  ;it  tiiis  time, 
that  it  is  the  key  of  all  tiie  ^re;it  !i>o\ ements  of  tiiese  !!';  dor>  of 
the  Federal  party  in  Xew  iMin-i'oei.  froni  tiia.t  time  i-  i\VHrd 
till  it-  tinal  catastrophe  in  the  llarrou'd  ( 'on vention, " 

^  RautLill's  Life  of  Jefferson;  III,  635. 


lUit  tliis  suiuuiMi'v  riientiun  of  occn]Tenee>  aTul  suntijuoius 
ill  riie  Xurrh  r.:'U('iiiiiLr  tlie  I'liion  and  the  Govornnicnt  in 
iliose  remote  times  is  too  ■  ■  '■■>  o-jvo  n  siiitieient  i«lea  of 
their  •gravity.  Some  illnstrrn  ■.  v  : n-ts  which  have  lonir  ^loj;»t 
ill  the  oolivion  of  the  past  deserve  to  he  once  n;  >re  v  ■■]■■'  >]. 

As  t')  tbe  lirst  mentioned  ai2:itaLii»n  rehitiii.^  rhe  a-snttip- 
ti<m  <.>f  State  dehts.  ?s otwitb  -  ■  -  " ^ ■  .  -  '.i  -r  that  th<' 
proposition  had  been  made  and  ;  ;  ^vention  of- 

17^7,  to  irive  Con^rress  p- >•.■.'•;•:•  t"  as>nmv  ■■"hts  of  'the 
sevci';:.]  >rN!"-.  r-.''  ' ;  ■  ■  ^--^■\\ 

recommended  tlieir  as.'Um[>'.''  -  •■•  :•■  ■•  ..."  ■•  'n 

lirst  session."     lie  liad  !•  -  ;    ■   r..  .  ,      •    •  . 

and  tliiis  ve?iLiired  to  pro;-'  ■      'he  '•v^j^vU'---  i 

the  (^m;-:;:::;'  -^.  ^^h..  ■  ■  '  ■    '  -le 

auLlit)rs  <n   Lii'j  (.,'')]i-dL';Klc./..  't-  -;  •  ^.w^       '  ; 

insert  in  it.     The  hill  wis      h'  -r  ;•.  .dr.  .lei: 

teUs  lis  that  '"dd>  iJi  -:-^^\;    m--^^  -  1  the  m.>>t  hdr/i'  ; 
an;L2:ry  Contest  e\'er  knuWM  iir  ^d    ..^   -  '        '  -r 
union  <:>t  the  St;ire-.     So  Idirh  v.'  >  :j  r::  •  -xciied        :  ; 

suhject  that  ou  its  rejection  hii.-ir!ir><  w.-i.-  suspeijde<L  «  •  .•- 
i^ress  met,  a^id  adjourued  frr/m  d^iv  >  d  i_v  A^iriKnit  d'd-  j' 
anytiunir,   tlie  parti-?  t-.m.)  nmrAi  i-ur       tamper  r,_,  .[ 

bushiess  to<j:-j"h?:-.  Tiie  Eastern  menjiicrs  tiireatened  ---rco- 
sion  and  di.-     , :  -a/' 

And  ^h\  Ma<.iison  testitie-  t.'  tiie  same  effect,  lie  sav- 
"The  Eastern  mend>er-  r-i'k  r^rranice  hi^ii^aiaire  on  tf;-  -  h^- 
ject.  Thev  av(.nv,  some  of  dien.  at  lea^t.  n  deferndna ri, ;■,  to 
<'>ppose  all  provision  for  ti»e  ladilic  ilobr  vvhicii  d<.es  not 
inclu<le  this,  and  intimate  (Lan<it;r  t"  tlie  hdiion  from  a  n  :  ;  -  h 
to  assiiOi^a''  Si;  larLi-e  an  M-niouct  of  da-^i.*  .-''curitio  a-  -/-d 
as  of  certiliaatos  of  <lebt  to  S'.'loier-  and  orh^r  indivi'ina:  -  had 
iicen  purchased  in  tlie  .Nnrth  at  vory  low  rate^  that  tiie  >r:  r-\- 


Abriil^uenc  of  Dt'Lates  ami  'Mw'.' 
\  Jot1;ers(m\s  Work.s. 
^  Writings  of  Madison,  Vol.  i,  p.  517. 


11 


States."  ILeiK^e  their  teu i[>er  when  ('oiigress  refused  to 
assume  those  dehts.  The  ineasure  afterwanls  passed  l»y 
me.uis  oi  -u*.  Mgreeiuent  v/herebv  it  was  joined  with  the 
ehoice  of  the  bank  of  the  Potomac  for  the  permanent  se;ii  ot' 
o-overnment. 

A^  to  the  second  eause  of  agitation — when  (Teneral  AVa^li- 
ington  was  ahout  to  retire — disniH-.)!!  seiuiments  wt-re  freely 
cin^nhited  in  Xew  Eiiu-h-unl,"-'  ,-rid  w-lters  and  sjuiakers 
'•endeavoured  to  prove  the-  '.  :       of  union  for  any 

h.sno-  period,  ooth  from  the  moral  and  i  .  'naliits  of  tlie 

citizens  of  the  Southern  ^     .  ■  i  -  angry 

passions,  articles  were  p:i  '  ;       .  u  :  -  -  •:      of  the 

South,  such  as  cailiiiir  negrt:»es  "tlw  <  ■  ■  :  >..>ath  in  all 
re.j!]")eers  except  as  to  life  ar;.-'  ;   j:  ;.  If  they  were 

irC)t^>d  '    '     '/  ■     :'i"<''r        '         ';"^;tT   even  '■  ■  ■ 

(hifttroy:  •     ..     •  '  ;.u'',.  i^.:  Mi-ir  ,  :.  : 

Fowler,  a  Northern  man  of  'lii^h  :        in  his  hook 

entitled,  "The  Section;*'  < -roversy. "  ■•  i  \  -  :  "This  is  one 
of  the  ~  h'-^ons  in  poiir:  'i-l  ;5nd  in-  i  liJitrod  given  l>y 
their        .     -      the  i»oop''j  s-i   N-u  -"^  ^ 

Ana  -  .ii  <).[  :^..^nri]|H;-r;i:s  Sik*j  those?  The 

Soutiie rn  States  in  tlic  ['ending  election  had  ducltred  a  pref- 
erence tor  \[r.  delters<>n.  r.-ither  than  f<jr  a  7S  (.aTliern  e;invli- 
date." 

Tlie  pnrcliase  of  Louisiana,  in  1>^08,  was  the  next  of  the 
above  mentioned  causes  of  agirition,  elieitin.:  tlircjir.^;  of 
secession  from  the  Eastern  States.  You  have  ah'o.-.  \  ■••!••■! 
Mr.  Adams's  testimony  as  U)  Nie  extent  to  whi-di  n:  : 
w:is  carried  there.     And  in  wiien  a  bill  to  enable  the 

territory  of  Orleans  (part  of  Louisiana)  to  f<)rm  a  State  Gov- 
ennuent  was  before  Congress,  Mr.  Josiah  (purn-^n  >:t  Afa-^sa- 
chnsetts,  suid  "its  passage  would  justify  ai>_v  n  nn^n  in  this 
counrry,''  and  lie  sub-etpienrly  added  :  "'I  am  crnnpelled  to 
declare  it  ;is  niv  del ih-. "V^ini- that  if  tins  'nil  in-i— os. 


\  Raniliiiln-;  Lite  of  Jetfersoii,  III, 


12 


tlie  l>on<.ls  of  this  ["nioM  ure  ^-irturiUy  disso]vc«l:  rhar  tlie 
States  wlvieii  eouipo>e  it  are  free  froin  their  moral  ol>liu'atioiis. 
arnl  that,  as  it  bo  the  rii;ht  of  alL  so  it  will  he  the  ^hxty 
of  suiiie,  ti>  prepare  (letinitely  for  a  sej>;jration — aniieai>ly  if 
thev  can.  violentlv  if  tliey  itinst/' 

Thi^  eni])arii-o  law,  and  more  especiallv  the  ''eiiforcing 
Luv,"  as  it  was  cabled,  e>t;i  '  _  :  •  •  ^  "gene  end>arLro. 
was  the  signal  for  a  wi]<j  on!  •  •  •  •  ■'  —  m  ■'r  Fm'j''-^ nd. 
'N<>L  onlv  rlie  new'-;  '       ^    v^^ivi.T  in 

most  intemperate  :  ,  o.wn  meeting.-  were  iield 
ev'--:-  ■'    .  '         '  .  -  s      ■  !id  ^\-v^\^\-u\.     It  will  he 

SUrh.i-^..  ■  ,1  i i;,"  h; 

l><)ston,  as  a  specimen  ■  :  ;  ?^''^v  ; 

time.  ir  will  i»e  '.h-i-rv.-^i.  also,  tiiar  tlie  r;.:'  :  s-.-.te 
int'        ' ■     '  -   ' ' '  -  '    ■         ^  ' ..  ■  -  ■  ■  ■  .■'  '      ' ' •  ■■ 

ad-^]-.-.        -  -  ■  .  •    i,  ■  •      ■  ■ : .  ^ 

prucure  r-r^h^-::  r;-L.;r  h^.^n,  riv  ■        \' .    -  -  v-:::^  ■  ;d : 

"  relief  again.- 1  die  mic<..'n.-nrniii.'r!;u  m'.-a-ure-  oi  -Mr 

<TenLTa'  fi  •  >rrTu:iioni.  "  h--'.^  i  i ih;; ;  ir--  ■■■-:!^  hi -h- 

<j_uarc  to  rbi>  '»h:ect,  as  was  evi'ienr  rr.uu  i  he  <  »rgaai./.ari  « d' 
tiic  Coufederacy.**  And  tin:  ! -eui.-Ianu'e  <.•!  .aFassacdin-ett.- 
<  led  aril;..  ;  .  ■•  :  •■.vin^'  law  * '  unjust,  0]e)ressive,  uncDnstirn- 
tional.       !.   .ef  :-'galiy  hiudnii!. 

The  ;  ;.~L  d  d.e  alM)ve  menrioned  sources  of  auitrttion  ■  \\-:a' 
of  Isdii  will  he  referrv)d  r.o  later  when  I  c*>ine  to  speak  of 
South  Ciirolina's  part  in  it. 

It  should  be  remarked  that  in  these  tlHH.^at-  and  prr.jf^ct-  of 
secessitm  and  disuidon,  the  right  is  never  dsis-Mi-se'' :  ir  i- 
assume'l  unx  aondrting  tpi«.>.ri<.>n.  The  great  fnndainontal 
idea  uf  all  government  \v  ts  that  its  pi.>wer-  are  d<*i  ived  in  -in 
the  consent  ot  the  guveriicd.  Acting  on  thi-  tln'ovv. 
right  to  change  government  had  been  juir  in  i^r.-if-trv 
allegianee  to  Kngland  had  been  renouneed:  an.ti.  ;i.g:iin,  when 
the  old  ( 'onfederation  luu.!  bi-o!:  Ji'  -aiuh.jned.  tiiougii  it  IkuI 
l>een  declared  }>erpetual.     And  now,  ar  ^i;-  'ini"  t'  ic!-r«>rl  t<>, 

RiindiUrs  Life  of  Jefferson,  Vol.  III.  pp.         .  >i. 


13 


tlie  <iii('stioM  of  {idnerinii:  to  tho  iKnv  ( 'oiistitution  dojieiKled 
simply  upon  its  proviiig-  mcI vantaiz:eon<  or  the  contrary. 

Thi!>  f^r  uojirly  rlie  lirst  (jiiartor  of  a  century  it  was  not 
South  Carolina  that  displayed  tlie  fondness  for  "issue:-'* 
Avhicdi  has  been  inipnte<l  to  her.  \u  all  tliis  period  tlie  only 
aUnsion  to  disurii(.tn  wliieh  may  he  charijed  to  her.  i;ni>l  I 
nientioii  this  as  dne  to  ean<h.''ar. )  fell  fri^)ii  the  lips  of  J^ierce 
Butler,  orit'^  of  j-M.-r  ^^nators'^  in  tlie  Hrst  -ession  of  the  Fir^t 
Con-Tess.     \.  -;on  of  it.  we  a-.-e  "id,  was  this  :    *"  Afr. 

Butler,  as  a  nierri'her  of  the  Convention  that  framed  rhe 
vo>iL-fitution,  had  fon-i-ht-jd  i''-  irh'f;'  ii|>  tiiat  part  of  the  rej)'.irt 
of  the  eorniiiit'-.ce  on  derail  re-piired  a  vote  of  two- 

thirds  of  the  nie.i.'-T-         -.^^      •  :i'/h  Iioii--v^  !o  j,);i^s  a  Nrivi- 

gation  Act.  d'L'-  ->r-  ^--.-r^^'':  -  --^  -.^^r-.  nr  riii;^  M'ijo'.TU 
States  •         v;-!' • .  - ,  '        r};-  v-.r*-  -r:'  ^[r. 

Bnt'Cr,-        '       ■.  :.]■'  !•  > -o  wiciiiarij  tlie 

atfecti.>ri-  of  tli.j  J.  v  .        But  when  he  came  to  act 

a^  a  Senator,  a  're])ort  had  coiue  in  with  voi  v  liinh  (huic;^.* 
He  felt  i!i>-]*':iiied.  i]'-.:-  i-.-.-  .  id,  iti  rne  C- >nvention.  surrendieixd 
tlie  iiiri.-ri.'^r^  of  'he  i^rh  : -y  hi-  vote.  ;;iid,  w;i- indi^n;ni t  ri,;it 
tho^e  v.-h-  ail  he  h;i»l  endeavoured  {<.}  i-omc; iiate  were  tah ih'j:  an 
unu:eneri>ns  advauou^'c  of  his  conce>-io?i.'' 

"We  have  now  rca*  hco  rlie  i-r'-j-inniug  of  a  period  ero^-'d-d 
witii  (••N'citi.eu''  an.d  i.iietu'.srah]>ir  eVoUT-  in  whiicii  -.air  State  a- 
a  ve:--.-  -niinent  i>art.  now  t  war  of  1>1'2)  viu'orously  suj>- 
pi^rriii^-  riie  u:"Vorunient  in  niainr.didriLr  ir-  ilij^-nir v  and  hou.air 
hy  resisriaL:  ^^ohi  -  1  .;d'-^:ur-  tV.ini  ;h  '  'Uiij  hy  uph-id- 
h\'2'  au'ain-t  ilic  '-tah-arr:;— mu'  ehh.-er-  o..  i  d.-.i  ..p.s  ntterauces 
:ind  ••c-rs  iu  ^uarrer*  in  which  much  hoast  has  latterly  lieeii 
niadifi  ot  h)yaltv — now,  iOre^'on  :iifair. ;  in  the  iritcre,-ts  of 
peace  and  hnnciidty  savirn^,  '.v  ^vi^e  ami  prudent  couio-  i,-^  of 
her  representJfctives,  the  coimtry  from  the  conseouc;;- -  -  •>( 
vd<h  j>arcy  measnres.  and  at  all  tiines  ready  in  marrers  t*:)nch- 
iuLT  iier  own  interests  to  conce<le  much  in  in.-h.dt  oi  v)ther-, 
id':'ri;L  M!;  ]  •;^"creridinj:  the  ^^i--onri  Idn'a  i 


f  Fowler,  p. 


The  distiniriii^l^^'i  l^^^i't  taken  hy  Suurb  (^irolina  in  tiio 
War  of  ISJ'i  forhids  my  ]r?.i>u\(c  it  over  in  silence.  I  -i;;,Lll 
refer  to  it  in  the  fewfjtit:  words  posisinle,  ior  ics  history  i.^ 
written,  and  should  he  gei»erally  known.  I  nrgne  v.oi  tlie 
point  whether  its  causes  were  sutritdfnt  or  not.  But  tins  ir  is 
important  to  my  p^^-ent  of'jecjt  to  notice,  tluu  no'A',  in 
lT76.no  peculiar  interest  of  ^  "  was  assailed 

Th-  :r-l  .  :     v]^  :  Inipressmont 

.  ,  '  ;        ill' i^rfortTi  with 

the  carryiup:  trade  atid  rite  :..;::ri! '  ui-  inr^-r'--:-  "t  the  North 
and  East.     A'^<m!*o^       r..  Mv    '  ■  ^  ^  "_'-^Ti,:!i  .d  tl^e 

war,  the  '^'v-^i  >(.::t  .     ...-l  :.(;.\:  .  ■        m"' ' to 

tight  for."     AL-H'c-v,;:-.  l!,'ru',-.-7,  riii^  >  .  .    :  .  ed 

ties  of  nature  t<j  hind  t< -ii-eiher  e-.>ii'!n-:;.'s  in  fri^^iidiv  r-.-  n.-MS, 


It  was  ••  .:;-.:--.>n  to  send  i >uys  over  f-/         :rin]i.  ^ 
men  cilso  went  for  cuiii'lccion  "i    pr<.»fes-i<'»:tal  -indj  ---.     h  his 
liad  a  decided  and  very  [ i>-iToprii)le  -^h  :i  'i      '    '  . 

manners  and  iVKxh^s  >,d  r]-i..uL.dit  '  • .  .. 

State.      Ihlt  ;d,l  'jrlKl-  t-':;-;  :  ..r','^:    gav'j;  • 

To  ti«i ehty  to  her  ideas  ot  duty  t*.)  tlic  t  n.-neral  C-'-.'vernnient. 
IIo\v  li-  '  diat  ii:irv  ?     Thrijn-'ii   all  nni;  '^-r 

son^  ■  =  \' i   t'»  '^.t   !vc(>rv].  l'.' 

Con2:re-s  'd  -hune  i-  i]:.:ii*:-.     But  widle 

;r'  _~  ■  >triC'?-  e-uiio  fortii  hr!_i-iit  y  '  .i:.r  -*:irs.  h 
i.'ar^jii]]:i  i'i'tjseuted  a  (:onst(,dlH,tion  of  da/zi Uii^  -;i[endf.>r. 

Like  the  i::    -  '  '  ■■  '  -  -  -uiotj^- 

I^owndes,  Chevef^,  CahcMin,  ^Vd]^  ims. 

Thruw^-h  these  men  ci.i'  :iv  lia.-  rnnmry  a<.'(juir'j'i  nnnic  and 
character.  a,i:d  cnnnn^-ed  tiio  wtn'ld  of  its  capacity  t^)  dort-^id 
us.af — For  these  were  ancaio-  the  results  of  the  war.  and  in- 
these  men  ehieiiy  tlie  war  was  made  and  sustain  (ah  Sons, 
riui  same  mother,  whose  stately  hrow  they  "'wi  i:  'aanisphal 


cliMj^tlets  cro^vijfMi,  ■ '  yo^t.  will  not  fail  iior  tiow.  but  mind rul  of 
the  "!ioV>le  tbiiiii".^  done  for  her  hy  thofie  of  tlie  old  time  before 
us.  yon  will  make  tins  her  day  ut'  trial  aiid  new  eifoTt,  uon-r 
opportiiiilry.  1  wii'  :  ■■-  r...  :■•  i^-?  -u-i-  frojii  dis!i:>' t  ,  for 
tlie  sharae  /;;»:  ..  ,  .  ■  ,-  -jr>\  but  to  .  her 
with  new  hon.ours.  reheeted  U])on  her  1);-;  the  wortiiy  services 
of  .uiiai  l':>ve.  services  no  lono-er  to  be  pr^)faned  by  the  ii.surp- 
ina:  hand  nf  the  str  M J"'".  1  / •  ]\^t:-y,]v'j:  l^:'::- 
will  burn  within  \  •  \-    "  ^  ^ ;  .       >  -  ;  . 

and  deservedly  paid,  to  her  by  rjiat  ihustriuus  son.  wln^se 
great  abihtie-  wr'  •  '      -  -'rviee  and   i * :'  .. 

dev<:?ti"M.  d.   \\   e'aUi^'ii:;  -  >.      '  ^^■ar.     It  i-  '    -  . 

to  make  ir  'e-M;'i:.-i;t,  atid  th'.^  ■  -  ■  :;^/t-r  \vith  m>  ;  ,  ^rrv 
supporr.    nK'.-i    r     :i;r.-   ::  :      r        ;      it  men? 

burtlien^omo.     1  text^^  Oii   ^  " 

mind.  ■■■  .    ■  •  t"  '  _  • 

ever  the  -cnt-ra!   \  ^  .-b.  .^(m.!  [  .u.:  ,  : 

repre-oTitin;^  a.  pci^ple  pi'e-emi!;cni  in   rlie  exercise  mi^ 
virr'ie.     < ':i;'"hna  in;d:'"--   n>  c  ^n:  i-";b:;i:  :b  -  ^it  rV,;  <hb' 
of  die   d:!L>-.      [■    -b"   ^;-h  ^ die  ti;.-  .- 

indiirne.ce_>' '  e^-r       ee-  '■:.■]•  •r.r;;  -  -  -  ■  i.nt  a^'abj-'  dse 

coimiii.;'!  (.•ne:riy.  .S i i !:»..be>  n-;  '••  le^-r^ibve  estimate  or  liOr 
sutterings  \\'iiii  tie^-;'  -  :  -  e-.     She  w  ^  ' 

pruud  tu  stand  or*-  e  ;       _  .  :;  b  v  thi>  cbc 

pynd  could  bo  ■  -  :;;  ■■/,.[  -bi'  fbls  day  presents  tlii'  : 
spectacle  <.)f  a  [)eo!-[e  ::coubie-  i;.i-ri-a-ed  union  and  ^; 
from  the  foi-ee  oT  tie-  e^'  And.  s.;i  far  froiu  ;_, : 

tire<.l  of  tiio  restrict!  vi.-     -f.  ci  i»f  w.-ii',  a-  intimated 
i::(mtleman.  from  Iventucky.  -!e-  w:  '.:[■.  [  w  bbe^-i  v  !»ear  ■  -i; ; 
adib.'d  o!ub;irp,>  if  the  *  ;b  A  ■     'e  ^  ■      :    '"ibd  dcniaiid  ::A' 

'fjjese  were  not  w<.»rd-  of  '■^o-ey  oi.-.-i.-r :  they  w>,o-'.  r 
they  were  due  to  his  State,  and  hed  ixdnt  ainl  -ncA:' 
inir  from  the  hiet  tiiat  c   •         ^      er   ^      :      e  ^  A;  ^  t 
uttered  eAewhere.     I7i-a>tci>  audi   res  ci---«'s  hadi  been  ••  .-.nc- 
iAmced  in  the  ear!\-      -  ■  oi  rheia<-e^A  ide^r, 

whieli  should  liaN-;  •.  .  -    o    anie-s,  indcevb  "iie 


eneiny's  success  was  desired  I>v  some  of  tlie  hoiiseliold  ; — iu 
the  fac€*  of  these,  I  say.  oj^an  aini  rleclared  op})ositi()ji  Xr>  ilie 
governmeut  existed  in  certain  p(jrtiorjs  oi  the  Union,  L'vtMi  lo 
the  extent  of  practical  eiiorts  to  embarrass  it  in  its  war 
nieasnres.  The  war  was  denomiced  as  offensive,  ^(r.  (  mI- 
lioun  showed  th.at  the  object  beiTie  "-to  repei  insult,  injury 
and  oppression,  it  was  according  to  r'le  l>esi:  writers  i>n  tiie 
subject,  dctensive.*'  And  from  liim  who  was  <.>ften  charii-d 
undeservedly  with  factions  m-^iivr-.  l.uhc  che  rebuke. 
an  *.)p[>':'>irii:in  loan-ieci  in  faction,  nin-e-ti-aiced  \>y  moderari(-n 
an<l  a  re^^-ird  r».>  tlie  ii;enera]  welfare,  ilie  nin-r  danir'--"- ^i;- 
political  evils;  tli-.'  spirit  of  factious-  opV""'-iti('n  i-;:  -:  . 
withoiit  whioli  niu-rrv  ni'^iit        ^^Z'^rniu,   -iDi]    fr-Mj  •  • 

irresiscibif. " 

I  have  ^.aid.  that  pra-:*h   ■  ei'^'T:-  -v  .-  .  -  ^ 

Lrovernmen!:,  nam<dy,  trb'r^>  "r<)  w\r[il-}}:[  r:.  .  ■  ■  ■ 
hold  the  I'mI'.-.  ro  ^\"uhhold  the  men  wh.;  .  ,  . '  ; 

]>attles;  in  other  words,  to  de-rr-'V  piihd'-  t-dd^  a!'0 
the  country  unarmed  to  the  nu^r^-v  of  riic  onA-niy." 

Tlie  (;..^--rnr.r-  .-)t"  ^n.-.  th:  Xf-v  Er:ij:i;i.n'l  Srates  r-f-;--  ' 
ti»  CiU  -':r  .cd  ' -y  tin?  Si-.-recary  "i'    '    . , 

This  wa>  prae-tical  State  interposition ;  that  is,  nu]Hti":;.r;. -n, 
and  was  exerciseil  after  tuil  deliberation  and  referenee  x  ■ 
Supreme  (~ourt  of  v)ne  of  tiso  Sr;it"s.  :ii,d  wa^  apo'^-v-.  i 
tlie  Legislatures  of  those  Scat^s.       As  to  the  riLfht,  i:  ...  ,  v 
not  1)0  for  South  (fartdinians  to  1ind  fault;  but    therv  i> 
anotlier  rpjestio!!,  viz  :   the  ]»ro]»riety  of  tlie  tinie  and  o 
of  resortimr  to  the  righ*:.     Not  only  politij.-iil  sentiment^.  ■  .. .: 
the  hiijfiier '"eio-  !;f  resuioK  au'l  nioralitv.  were   appeal^''.!  o». 
Ill  one  very  intiuential  .State  it  ^vas,  **  Kes..lved,  as  the  sense 
of  t'-e  Senate,  that  in  a  war  like  tiie  p>rc>eut.  wuLred  v*'':,.ut 
jusritiab:-.-  •••ui-e.  ;Oid  ^■>i*o>ecat€<l  in  a  maniter  that  iiidde-iu.— 
that  c<.-:::.;  •.  -.:  ...  '■■■'A  are  it>  n.-al  motives,  it  is  -not 

l)econung  a  moral  and  reliirious  ix/op'e  i>>  exiti'o-s  any  ap[ir«'- 


17 


batiou  of  niilit;iry  or  naval  exploits  wliicli  ure  not  iniinediattjly 
connected  ^ndi  the  defence  of  oar  seacoasr  and  soil.-*-f 

Southern  men  vrho  supported  the  <i-overnnient  were  taunted 
with  being  back\vo'>dcinien.  wlio  had  perliaps  nt^ver  >een  h 
ship  until  convened  at  the  capital  as  leoi>lators.  A  reply 
came  from  a  nieml>er  from  South  rvirolina  whicli  di'serves 
notice,  both  for  its  o-enerous  ^'-^  •"  ami  for  its  prophetic 

discrimination  between  the  fori  ,  ;      c'^.e  substance  on  wliicli 
tbe  l)ond  of  union,  depended.     "Adnnt  the  fact,  and  what 
tiien  r     Sucii  ^.rcpei-'Mi-  <y lu i>.i,ti;y         rl w]):)  -tand  ct>u- 
neeted  with  us  only  l>v  the  ties  of  citizenship  doe^  ]iv;iM.ur  to 
our  country.     I  liope  it  is  not  stranire.     It  is  u-riftl.  {_>ur 
history  abounds  "^rith  iivniy  {::-ra\ire^  of  r]u-  sv!inv!ti:y.  i: 
constitutes  our  real  union.     The  rest  is  fi->rm.     The  w- 
is.  in  fact,  on  the  other  side.     Since  it  cannot  be  deiiic': 
American  citizens  are  iield  in  f<>rei2"n  i:")iidaa'e.  how  -  .  ,, 
that  those  who  boast  oi  beimr  nei-'l^b^'urs  ;(n.l  relati«'n>. 
should  be  dead  to  -v..;-'",\-,   .-h<;uld  not  [■•;ive  the  {lua.ly 
spirit   to  make  a  •retu.:- e;:-  ci:fort  for  their  relief."  X<:-w. 
in  this  opposition  and  lukevr,.irn-iness  of  neii-hbours  and  kin- 
dred, a  loose  and  easy  sense  \>t   duty  auii  ■suo-.]  f;drh.  in  il\ 
at  a  distance,  mi^rht  have  found  excuse  ft-r   ireliiferenee  un 
their  ]xirr.     But  not  so  in  Soutli  r'a,rolina.     Zealous!;.  ..?••: 
per-istently,  through  weal  and  tbi'ough  w- »e.  in  the  >  :e  : 
and  in  arms,  she  upheld  the  gvivernment:  while  on  the  othtir 
hand,  the  enemy  wa-  ener^uraired  by  the  open-moutbe<l  o|vp,,,- 
sith>n  of  a  portion  of  the  ( "f.infcbjraey.  froei  whi(d.i  delegare- 
met  in  secret  conveiition.  and  |ilotted      .in-c  rbe  irevernmcut 
in  this  time  of  war.  deriianriiiig  ;d>o  certain  amendments  to 
the  1 'onstitntinii.  -nio-d  to  tiie  self-a-'^randizin-;  id';'a^  <.A  ti  ■■ 
agitators.     It  shouhJ  i^e  noticed  chat  the  nuUirication  doctriiM,- 
reprol>ated  when  afterwards  adopted  in  time  of  peace  by 

f  Randall's  Life  vi  Jeiierson.  Ill,  p.  3rs. 


IS 


* 


South  (Carolina,  were  accepted  and  announced  as  nnqnes- 
tionable  truths  by  those  n2:itator.>J"^ 

B'ifore  leaving  tjiis  period  ir  -h'yiiid  not  be  omitted  that  to 
the  efi'orts  of  3ir.  Cheves  aiid  lii<  colleagues  the  country 
chiePiv  owed  the  establisliment  and  increa.sc  of  that  gaUaiit 
navy  which  W()n  glory  for  tlie  country,  and  by  its  exjVioits 
destroyed  "the  cliarni  of  Br;ti>h  liaval  invincibi  ■■ry. '*  In 
181:^  the  administration  and  irs  parrv,  to  wlucii  our  State 
beh>nged,  were  lukewarm  as  to  th.is  arra  of  the  service.  ''It 
was  considered  anti-]ler<!ib]ica:i  ru  I'lM^rt  it, "  :■:  .  ^It. 
("jillioun  :  ■         my  tlien  di-tiiiguishc' :         •  -^iie, 

INfr.  <.■•'•}•'.•'-.  ;  .  .  -  ./?  way,  I  did  not  hesita     :  ■    i \-e  it 

my  h Mipport,  regardless  wf  party  ties. 

The  next  occasion  of  general  excitement  and  a.:-*.::'  was 
the  i'' r  ^         ii^n  inrc  t]:;e  l'^ 


with  restrh'ti-ias  a.-  to  slaverv — a  momentous 


*  Note. — Tlie  folio ?»:inir  i->  an  extract  from  the  report  >^'.;'.      '  v  *•  ;e 
delegates :  "Tliat  Acts  .--t  Congress  in  violation  ot  the 
absola^-t-ly  ".;■>■']  is  art  nr-'^i- 1::-'; -it^  I<:  <li'e^  i)i''t  .  n- 

si^-t  \-  r?--ji-T't  ;iud  .-/.r'-'^'ar-'ij/c  tlae  fi'om  ;l  Co-[i:--<r  .--f 

tovra  ■  .  -  •  ■  r^-neral  G-overnmeii i:  ^  '  :!y  'o-  opt-n  resistance  n-  vy 
iiifn-K--  ;  iie  C'^nstitntiou.    Tko  m      and  rlie  energy  of 

sitioTi  ' 'Ways  coi:f''^^rT!i  l(3  rlic  na'^'nre  of  tli*-  ^'iolation,  t".:.  ■    ~.:  ii- 

tlon  \'  -  ^•  ■'::\i'}V-  t'u.'  '-xri/iir  or  rla-  ii:un;y  i!irlicte'l,  tb(f  oelH-  ..x 
manii.-;-sr«-'l  to  n-.-i^i.^r  lii  ir.  viid  die  <iany--r  .,1  oelay.  But  i'l  -.'ases  of 
delib'^r;it.'.  <la.r.^'--r  ■■■i-  ai;.l  ]-.aipable  i;ifr..'  r:  -a  ..f  the  Cor.  •  •  o-  .a. 
aiieeting  t s.  .•v-r,--i^T;ty  of  a  State,  and  !o -oaa-s  of  the  p.-  ;s 
not  only  the  riglit.  Isnt  the  duty  ot*  such  a  SruO'  to  iiit»ni«r:sc  ir-  .'V  r::.  .ii-y 
for  their  pr^/t'-r-tion,  hi  u>:  manner  d-^sit  '•alcudittvd  to  s.-car-  tr.O:  ^a:d. 
When  emergencies  o<-cnr  which  arf-  either  beyond  the  r»-a;;h  <  f  the 
judicial  tribanals,  or  too  pressing  to  adpu^  di^  delav  in.-i  to 
their  forms,  States  vidua h  have  TO  ffanm-;  ••  -  must  be  to  -d;  'ui 
j'-/c  -  --'^'-?or^-  ^r  .-dr  '        d-'-'dous.     [r  wad  thns  be  proper  for 

'd  .      ■  ...ov'  •       a.,      .    o;  !--  'd-r'oal  of  th*:-  ob!ioxio;is 

measures  1  ocomm^r  •  :      -a  '  a- 

gre;^-!;.  and  so  to  use  ^     ro  .  _  r.,^  \      - o-- 

ures  shall  finally  assume,  as  effectiaidv  rf>  protect  their  own  .sov.-re:,gnty 
and  the  rights  and  libtr'rries  of  tlieir  citizens."' 

t  Speeches,  Vol.  Ill,  p.  -276. 


19 


nared  })v  Mr.  JetleiNOii  to  "  a  lire  bell  iu  the  night  awak^Mi- 
and  iiliing  with  torrur/'  The  ttispiite  ended  in  the 
adoption  of  what  has  since  lieen  kaowii  as  the  " 'avLissouri 
conipromi-e"- — oniiiioas  word  I  Prophets  there  were  who 
revealed  to  the  ti>o  contidinir  Sctuth  ilie  true  characrer  and  tlie 
.aotives  and  eoiisequunces  of  this  interlVronce  with  suidecrs 
<n-er  which  Congress  had  no  control,  "'tliis  most  seri')  • 
eventful  attack  on  onr  most  sacred  and  vahia'ile  ri-..r  .  ^  i 
properties. ''-f-    Alas  I 

••All  heard,  and  none  believ'd  the  prophecy."  . 

Tlui  (piestionof  siaverv         :  -  1  :iway,  """Ut  what  catalogue 
shall  embrace  all  the  birr.,-  ..     -    f  lioii-h.M't  uf  the  warnirvix 
of  a  representative  of  <'.'aroiina  ? — "(>n  i    -  -i:"  \'    ■  ; 
CoDstitiition,  no  conr ^  '  .  ^^iv,  >'t-idior 

can  any  be  made  '>u  "  :  ^      ■     ;  , 

Thp  fact-  coiine^^tc-l    ■       :  /     ;■  -  -n  afford  a  signal 

illustration  of  the  opposite  tr-tit-  and  comiuot  of  tlie  peoples 
of  the  two  sections  (North  ami  Suiit-i?.  On  one  side  we  tin<l 
a  spirit  or'   i-r-- s  -i^u'urc-sion  and  faithlessness;  on  the 

other,  I  s.-  ■  •.  iior  f <  <r  Si  >uth  (..".ir  >!ina  al<.)ne — the  sanae 
is  true  '.d'  others — we  fiiid  ;i  .^y>irit  of  self-sacritice  for  the  sake 
of  harmony  and  preservation  of  the  rnion.  a.nd  fidelitv  ro 
eTigairements.  To  the  precedent  then  intrt'^iueod  uf  copi- 
proniising  the  plain  obiiu-ations  of  treaty  and  of  law,  may  be 
traced,  as  we  t\dlow  a  river  to  its  source,  the  spring  ami 
origin  of  subsequent  wr.'Ti-'-,  which  increasiijg  wnth  time  in 
nund)er  and  gravity,  at  last  provoke<l  the  storm  in  which 
Constitution  and  country  alike  made  shipureck. 

Mi-souri  vras  a  p<;5rtif.)n  i:)f  the  large  territory  "knovvn  as 
Louisiana.  The  Treaty  of  <?t-^sion,  under  which  the  United 
States  acquired  Louisian;;.  '/•'ii^^bied  the  following  stij-uiarioo  : 
"The  irdndntants  of  the  ■■-  ■  -  rrir^^ry  rriiaii  i-e  ^ncoruor;:.;;'  d 
in  the  Uiiion  ot  the  Utiite<l  States,  and  admitted  as  soon  as 

f  Charles  Pinckuey. 


20 


pussible,  MCconlin<r  to  the  principles  of  tbe  Fedenil  Coiistitii- 
tioii.  to  the  enjoyment  of  nil  the  rii^hts,  advautaires  and 
ininiunitie.-  of  citizens  of  tlie  I'niteil  Spates."* 

Aeeordinirlv  a  T-    '     '  '   ~  "'nc  was  tir-t  give]i  to 

Lonisi-ina.  then        '  i-   ritory:  and  aftenvards 

^lissouri  and  A I -  -i\'en  like  Territorial  (rovorn- 

inents.  in  all  of  which  shives  were  sidrnitted  witlioat  re.^tric- 


tion 

,  "I , . , 


th"  r-anie  of  Loiii-'  -vas 

•I'l-j:  -ixreirn  years  < >r  iijore. 
lit  ••••'  =  ■<•:'•■•!!  niade.  as  exactly 
n  '  :  >  Hi:-  Territory.  ;ii:d  was 
r^-il  i  >!-leans.  or  I.c-ih-iaiia, 
e  >ai:.v:  f«." >rin2'. 


10   I  I'l-'l 

wiy        ■  r.ricrinal  Stat< 
3r[issoari  reLrardci  htnv;' 
in  the  situation  of  w::,  ^ 
waiti?!^"  her  time  to  '-e 
had  l)een.  int'O  the  Uni- 

there.     \\  irii  ria;;,:-  in 

isls.      A  Kepin>iir;Ul 

qnalitication   re<  j  ni  re<i 
i>tates.     "W'lien  the  ;!pp 

the  fhai--      lue'i— --^ 

to    liie  ;       .1  H  ; 

tioTis  upon  slayery.  aiul 
Tlie  Senate  wonld  not 

(j_aenLiy  tin.'  hill  failed.  Th'^  iicx;  y..-?ir  i iio  aj  p;iritLi«.)ii  .  \s  as 
renewL^d.  ]\[aiiie  ;iiso  applied.  In  tlit^  Senate,  vrhich  had 
])een.  and  w^is  >til[  willinLi-  t«)  adniit  ^lissmiri  on  a  footi;!;^'  td' 

he 


rue  «  '••>', ^r.i.:nci.»n  of  the  L'nited 
L^»n  ciinie  up  for  consideration  in 
an  uniendnienr  was  ]:)r'n^''sed 
iieinhcr.  impn^inir  certain  re-tric- 
vi'lhi^  for  its  ultini^ite  ah-slitiLni. 

ee  t"        ■'ifiendmenf,  and  conse- 
1- 


e<|uality.  ir  wa-  pro}>o>fM| 
same  hill,  ourtin2'  tlieni 


'in  Maine  and  "Mis-;,  lurl -i! 
-.'inn:  leyel.     Sneini-xi-  < 


sition  was  inade 
slave  rv. 


and 


:tieren';e  in.-i.-.eo  (jn  oec:in-e 
Mr.  It<;d)erts.  i;f  Pennsylvania.,,  said  :  "AVhaL 
we  tind  in  the  front  ot  tlie  ConstitULion  of  Alaino — 'Ah!  i 
are  born  free  and  e(|ua].'  iinisqiioted,  i"  is  ^v^jv^q  r-tiih 
'E:>rn  e'pially  free  and  indepeiKlent/ >  Inn-e  i- a  s;;' ^' -n 
pledii'G  to  the  good  old  faith.  T*)  her  we  may  say  :  'come, 
sister,  take  your  plaee  in  our  eonstellati'V! :  .■-  ir.-tro  "f  y«>ur 
eonntenance  will  hriirhteu  the  Anjeri'.  ;ai  u';..a\v.'     lJut  do 


a.- 


(jn 


>o- 
of 


21 


not  urge  us  tu  adinit  ^[is^oMri,  under  a  pretence  of  co/ige- 
niality — with  the  visao-e  uf  a  sarage.  deformed  witli  ri^e 
liideuns  cicatrices  of  "harharic  pride,  v.drli  her  features  luarred, 
>;kS  if  the  linger  of  Lncifer  had  !>eeTi  drawn  across  them.'' 

The  House  again  insisted  on  restrictions,  and  it  hecanie 
evident  that  ..Mi-s<"Miri  wonld  not  lie  a'hn.itL<*d  iiidess  she  cunld. 
consent  to  i-onie  on  an  unc  ;-  ^        :  therefore  with 

her  sovereignty  inipaired,  aiu:  au,x  inr-riority  confessed. 
i  )[\z  of  this  difhculty  grew  the  c<:)iU[)roirLiso  pro]^s)sed  Vv^  "^^r. 
Thonia^,  of  Illinois,  wiierehy  slavery  - ■  -  > 
torities  north  of  tlie  line  of       d^-L:;'  :  -  ri'js,  exce[;t  as 

to  the  Territ^)rv  of  AFissonri,  Thi-  ^v-;;-  ■  i  .'i  conjpact — 
that  in  c«-'''!-i'le:-.iti.)n  of  'lie  proiii'iirior  ^  "Lain  i-Ci^'on^v, 
Missouri  should  :  '   \';!th'">ut  any   rt -trier!  r.-r,-.     i  >i 

the  eleven  -  '   •  ■  .      ■-    ■  : 

for  this  arm:;  --ix  ■    ■  o 

seemed  u.*  «!e]Hr;i».i  not  only  the  .  ;  :.t  <.>f  pt'iice  and 
quiet,  Imt  even  the  continuance  Tii','  i  ;ii"is  it-^eif.  i-^r  ii: 
soon  appea)'ed_  that  this  >i;rro;ideL'  .■iwi-rir-tionai  (.'o.:;hi-v- 
had  been  a  very  serious  and  iiivtrievaMe  err«.)r.  and  likr  all 
such  concessions,  only  an  invitatiou  and  eneouragenienr  co 
further  aggressions. 

Xevertheless,  South  Carolina,  true  to  what  seemed  the 
demands  of  got:>d  raiUi.  conrinued  to  ac([uiesce  in  the  (-ora- 
promise  as  a  settled  arrangement,  which  she  would  not  dis- 
turb, iiecause  to  do  so  would  be  to  di>rurh  tiie  pcncc  ;iiid 
harmony  of  the  Union.  Acting  on  tiiis.  U'j  opp«>^ition  was 
otfered  by  her,  or  other  Southern  Staff-',  wlien  tiie  strenu'th 
of  tlte  Xorth  was  about  to  be  increased  by  the  admission  of 
Iowa.  Ihit  now  mark  the  course  of  events,  keeping  in  mind 
ti^at  the  territory  from  wi)ich  slavery  was  excluded  was  of  so 
great  extent,  that  niany  States  wonld  !)e  formed  from  it. 
Striking  wid  Ite  the  contrast  between  r:  •  n.^-  'Ud  aef[uiescence 
of  the  South,  and  the  breach  of  faith  of  t!ie  Vortb,  At  ti;e 
next  session  of  (jongress,  Missouri,  for  the  third  time, 
applied.    To  the  Nortli  had  been  graiited  exciusion  ;>i  -l  ivery 


22 


from  an  imnieiise  territory.  ]\[aiiie  Lad  been  admitted,  and 
lier  rej)rese!itativ-es  were  in  Congress.  The  South  has  paid 
ihe  t'ODsideratio5i ;  surely  now,  tlie  North  will  abide  by  the 
contract.  Not  so — Missouri  was  denied  admission.  Thus 
the  Xortli  praetieally  set  aside  the  compact  made  oidy  a  year 
before.     There  vrere  some  liO!H)urable  exceptions  : 

^[r.  Clark  of  Xew  York,  who  had  voted  against  the  com- 
promise, said  :  '"1  cs)Dsider  myself  bound  by  the  pledge.  ] 
cannot  consent,  as  a  naember  of  tliis  House,  to  observe  a 
Punic  faith,  even  with  Missouri. 

The  Xorrhern  •••  ■'•r--^rs  thus  ]\^  •  '  •  ":  i.lliere  v.)  the  cmui- 
promise.  Mr.  ly:<rA\u  <vl  Kent;;  ^  • <-ed  to  repe^il  riie 
prohibition  n<jrth  of  degrees  Hii  minutes.  l>iit  tliis  too 
was  refused.  "Tlmj  would  keep  the  c^-nsidcratior.  but 
would  not  carry  *>nt  tJie  eompr-jmise  hy  which  tiiey  obtained 
the  con.sidcra':ion. " 

Mr.  Cii;u';os  IMuckney  said  :  ''I  feel  authorized  to  express 
fear  of  the  dissolution  of  the  Vnion,  becau.---.'  in 
opp';-iLi'>n  now  tlirow  ofi  the  veil  and  declare  tliat  it  ;-  :!;^:ir 
intention  to  leave,  if  p»ossible,  this  question  to  the  next  C-n- 
jtj^ress ;  to  leave  to  them,  if  possible,  unfettered  by  any  act  •)! 
ours,  t'ic  p'>vv'er  t<:»  decide  liuw  far  the  true  interests  id  ^iie 
Uni.tn  may  then  make  it  necessary  to  produce  ariev.-,  nd 
struggle  for,  the  !n»]io>ition  of  the  rescric-ioi)  on  >;>.•.  cry 
whicli  has  during  the  last  three  sessions  shaken  tlie  Uni')[\  lo 
the  very  foundations.  They  openly  avow  that  they  do  not 
consider  themselves  bound  by  the  connpact  of  rhe  last  y^tir, 
confining  tlie  I'estriction  to  the  north  of  o*"  degrees  30  minute-, 
but  aver,  if  they  have  the  strength  t'O  do  so,  their  intonriv>n 
to  leave  the  next  Congress  free  to  decide  it  as  they  please.'' 

^[iss(»uri  was  not  admitted  by  Act  -.f  Congre-s  Ui\ti]  F^-!^- 
ruarv  i!^,  1>21;  and  then  on  a  condition  wiiicii  rcinin-.i  -be 
passage  of  an  Act  by  her  Legislature,  tnat  her  adni:  -i  -i 
was  not  complete  until  10th  Angu  -t, 

And  so.  says  Mr.  I'cnton,  'the  |,>ortont*.>us  struggle  of  two 
years  and  a. half  came,  to  a  close.'' 


23 


You  have  tlins  ^een  that  from  ^iarch,  the  date  of 

her  tir.^t  application,  until  August,  l^'2l,  two  years  and  a 
lialf.  ^[.issi'uri  wa8  kept  out  of  tlie  Union,  in  spite  of  the 
obligation  to  adinit  her  under  the  Treaty  of  Cession  from 
France;  in  spite  of  the  obligation  to  admit  her  uuder  the 
United  States  Constitution;  and  tinally.  for  some  montlis. 
(and  then  new  terms  were  required)  in  spite  of  the  compact 
called  the  .Missouri  comprotuise.     Any  one  of  these  obllga- 

ti'.'T-  ■  ^'i   v  ^-i;  -1:111  wu  say  or  thinJc  of  disre- 

;r;i.r  ^    "  -       ior;:t.;      all  tbi-."^  ?     And  what  was 

the  :  ;  .■:  .  .  ■■•■u'ard  of  the  \ii>{  \ . • .  ■■  i ioned ,  involving 
tergiversation  and  "J^'unic  faitli  ?  '* 

It  was  that  she  liad  provith.-d  in  iio-  ^'  ' -n\  for  the 

enactment  of  hr'  -  ^-  —  :.  r,ie  State.  I 

say  pretext,  b  \       :»ve  exhibit  the 

real  .animus  of  her  ,  :  \      also  because  sindlar 

provisions  in  the  Constitution-  oi  utiier  '^'t-.^  -  M-ere  not  causes 
of  exciteuient,  and  brought  on  theui  n-:  ■..•en-iu-e.'"" 

And  1  iiiiJ  \i\  b>.jwler's  l>ouk  the  following,  which  there  is 
no  reason  to  donbt.  tliou;:ii  ii  i-  not  in  my  power  to  verify 
it  :  '"(.Hher  vStates  have  been  in.imitted  without  resistance 
or  objection,  in  whose  Constitutions  there  were  similar  pru- 
visions;  and  Alassachusetts  ]i:id  placed  ^similar  provisions  on 
her  Statute  .Book  as  early  as  JT'^'^,  just  after  the  ratification 
of  the  Constitution/' 

But  there  is  tuore  tu  l>e  ^•^id  on  this  subject  illustrative  of 
the  courses  of  the  Xorth  and  S  :'Uth  respectively,  and  particu- 
larly of  that  of  South  Car.>lina.  In  April,  I  '^-i-I,  a  treaty  of 
annexation  of  Texas  was  siLrned  by  the  plenipotentiaries  of 
the  two  governments,-!-  and  <oo!;  afterwards  communicated  to 
tlie  Senate.  Tlie  iiidep';:j'i(^:u''^  >»r  Texas  had  been  acknowl- 
e'lged.  Lt  vv'as  a  slavudioiding  State.  Among  the  terms  of 
the  Missouri  coriipi'ond:^e  tliere  was  none  relating  to  slavery 
soutli  of  tlie  line.     Yet  no  sooner  had  tiu;  annexatioTi  (jf 


'  Kentucky  and  Indiana  as  to  Negroes,  and  Ort-gon  a.s  to  « 'iiiiu'.se.. 
\  IVxiivS  and  the  Uni^t^il  rstateKS. 


24 


Texas  i>e(',oine  cerruin,  than  nn  atceiiipt  was  made — tlie  propo- 
sitiuM  CMiniijO'  iruiii  rhe  North"' — to  divide  the  State,  ai].,l 
prohibit  shivery  in  oiie-haif  of  it,  though  all  \nit  jvii  iiiconsid- 
erable  portion  of  that  half  was  Ijelow  the  line,  Tliis,  how 
ev^er.  was  negatived,  and  m.  the  joint  I'esolutiuns  for  Jinnexa- 
ti  'ii  v.\'j  Mis-unri  iino  was  reaffirmed. 

The  liist  iiisnip'-e  of  ^'.^c^'ssion,.  so  far  as  in  tlse  power  of  a 
I.egislarnre,  '■"i'uv]\-l  .>n  the  annexation  <>f  Texas.  The  f ol - 
l;>wi!<:r  )•,.-•••'  p_c--od  '"he  1  a" : i-l :! t u re  of  ?\[M>sarhu.-erts  : 

''1.    /V  \  -'-.i  i-  ///'-M/ 

a  di^-  '        .  :.r  n;e  lu\.>u, 

;    ■■■■''V//,  Tiiac  Texas  being  annexed,  MassaLdm.-etts  is 
oiit  .»f  ti^e  rnii  Mi. '  '--f- 

The  >i;ivery  ^rruLr:^^^'  w..-   <"-;ic'."t:id        tlit-  ac-* [ui-itio!!  of 

ir>>;U  '     .  '.:  ••'  l.llU-   -.r     .     .  :  l-i 

by  \vlueh  slavery  \v;i,s  U)  be  exeinded  from  all  and  rvery 
part  of  any  av:i[uirv'd  ti-rrirury.  T'j  meet  this,  a  nuMober 
from  South  Carolina  t\Mr.  Ihirr • — the  bill  for  organi;:b'i:-  =be 
Terrir<:>ry  of  Oreirou  '»einir  under  conslderathjn — prr>]s-f; 
;o:ien'i iueiu.  ] et.-og'ni/.iirrT  the'  IvIisS'..»uri  line  compromise  as 
applicable  to  all  Territories.  J>ut  the  aggressive  temper  of 
the  Xorrh  was  n^'W  exeitc'l  lieyond  the  restraints  uf  e"t>"d, 
faith  auil  con>i<jeratiuii  for  otiiers,  as  well  as  of  law,  and  the 
amendment  was  rejected. 

■  The  motive  for  prL>p<^-ing  it  appears  frcnn  the  foH'>\'.'i'!Lr 
extract  from  a  speech  nt  Islv.  Calhoun  :  "'Let  us  riot  be 
disturbers  oz  tlbs  Uniuu.  Abhorrent  to  my  feeling's  is 
that  eomi;!'<)nAise  line,  let  ic  ])e  adhered  to  in  jj-ood  faitii ;  and 
if  the  other  portions  of  the  Union  are  wilbng  to  j^tand  by  it, 
let  US  not  refuse  to  stand  by  it.  It  has  kept  peace  for  -finic 
time,  and  in  the  present  circumstimces,  perluips  it  wi>\i[^]  i.e 
i»t^tter  li<  \)C  (-(jntinaed  as  it  i^.''  .■  ^ 

'  A  similar  |>roposition  was  again  made  by  a  mend)er  from  a 

"  P:>Iiti(:al  Text  Book.  Tribune  Association,  18G0. 
I  Fowk^r,  as:. 


non-slavo-holiiino-  SLite,  mid  iv^in  it  v.tls  vote<]  <lown.  'Ulus 
v^onrli  Carolina  clearlv-  luiitetl  lier  vni^o  t<'  diar  (.nlier 
Southern  States  in  favour  of  adherence  t  *  tijo  ~\iir-fiiri  cum-, 
pronii.-e.  vrhilc  the  X'".>rrh  refu.sed  to  apj)ly  it  to  new  Territo- 
rie-T,  n  fact  of  "  ■■'  :  i'^  ';;r'M'  in  rciaci^n  to  its  ri-|  >••:  =  ]  ;■  in 
l.>oO,  when  an       r     •■■•;u!cd  coin.].)ruii]is«.,'  w.--  >j?.I><s  !:;  i. 

I  need  not  detain  yon  with  more  than  a  i;;  •  •  ; -  •  the 
continued  ai^itatiun  by  a  party  at  tiic  Nr-rth  diirhi-'  '  ten 
years  l)erwoe*i  >  '  '  ^' -  '  ;      ''-  r^ 

spirit  !'.f  T-:j!:u'-^-'  ,  .  ■    ,  ^. 

and  ti^ev  i  .  :         \.     ■  .  rih,'  N.    - -<-i'ii 

mind.  "  •  <■    r.]'.:.-' .    -riivr  -.■x  pi-.'- -t  ^  ^     lUMfii!-;.  '"vri.' 

hruslied  iikr  ■■: '^'a'l       ;ni>!  ti^.  ■^'■jnlv  pr<!'-A/i'r:-'i 

by  ttie  v:irty-  t'.*  M-biii;;' -  .  r  i.ll  _\'vernnieiit  v. 

a  view  t'.»  tl'.e  'I'tiniari"  exrincti-,-:..  <  -'avery. 

fur  aniciMUiu"  ic,  iais  Aviien  the  article  in  the  snnie  <  = 
tion  rc'iiiirin^  return  of  persons  held  o*  survdcv  ur  !;;■■•••':■;•  ;;: 
one  State,  and  escapini^'  therefruni,  liCcaMC  inc->nsistonr  wirL 
new  i  in  tlie  Xortl;,  insti-jid  nf  i-./.s^-rt  to  the  pre^'-Ti: 
inerh'.'d,-  ..»f  amendment.  Act>  wf-n-;  ;';i.s>.;d  in  m.\st,  if  i.-n  ,d\ 
of  the  Northern  Stares,  which  rcinicrcd  ncyiratory  uinllihed ) 
the  provision  for  delivery  of  fnu'itives. 

Apain.  tiien  tlie  record  sliows  that  it  was  n< .>t  Stmtli  <'.'aro-- 
iina  that  never  ceased  to  ag-itate.  It  was  not  .die  that  in-i.-te«.[ 
on  airrecments  whih?  tliey  suited  her  ideas  or  her  interests, 
and  the  15  clamoured  f«.>r  their  al.»«»:ishnient  as  sooii  as  tiieir 
fruits  were  bitter  to  iier  taste. 

I  pass  on  to  the  subject  of  the  taritf.  J.)mii>tles-  it  i- 
chietly  to  her  c«)urse  on  tlus  question  tiiat  we  .dtor.'-.i  be 
pointed  in  evidence  id  the  restless  character  arrrbontebi  r.»  -  .nr 
State.  Her  assailants  seek  to  b:iri>  tiieir  aiTows  i*^  ulsu 
charirin;^-  her  with  inconsistency,  and  so  t«'  muke  hi  tor  c«,in- 
piairjts  tr>>m  ho,r  seem  the  more  nnreason;i!)h\  Time  \vi;i 
not  allow  this  dutri;!?  to  be  di-<:u~-ed;  dependi n^^i',   as  i"  .> 

X  Fowler,  144. 


depend,  on  the  allegatioD  that  the  tariff  of  ISIC.  which 
received  support  from  S'luth  (/arolina,  was  the  oriiriu  of  the 
protective  rf\stetii,  nor  to  present  you  in  tlieir  fuUness  and 
strength,  the  grounds  on  which  this  lias  been  combattcd — 
grounds  so  strong  that,  to  v  -  least,  the  assertion  cannot 
be  admitted  save  with  qij;/:  :  >i!S  Jittle  siiort  of  deniaL 
The  discussion,  howevor,  w.:-^^  f  irci2:n  tc  iny  present  argu- 
ment, wliich  wouhl  nor  Lose,  but  rather  gain  strength,  if  that 
tarift  were  of  the  c-  ."   ■  r-ror •^n.-iive.    For  all  will 

allow  that  no  materia:  ■  .  ■•  ^I'l:  Carolina  wa:^  prvni^ 'ted 
by  it.  Her  concern  wusr-iiiy  V.-:  :  :uance  of  the  h'.':i' 'Ur  of 
the  General  Government.     To  s!i.e  looked  v.':  n  - " ■ . Ae 

eye.  The  war  of  1S12  had  left  tl^at  ij/n-erriiiient  burtlvue^l 
with  a  debt  of  one  ha'>h''.'>l  -r:.^.  r ■•■■tv  I>v  ir. 

and.tiie  r^'stricrive  ^-yst  :■:  A- A::,  -a;);".:'  ind 

industry  had  been  diverted  from  C!>;iii;ierce  to  nja'.niae- 
turos.  The  tarilf  tlien  .  w<i>  ii;-  '-;  ^  '  ■■  riscal  m  ■  -  -  -r 
the  early  payment  of  the  debt,  uu  i  •:  ..-.cC  to  this  '-a-  .  ;;-e 
tlie  saving  of  manufacturers  from  -ruin  by  sudden  reduction 
of  the  duties. 

If  there  was  protectl-r?.  it  was  ov*:adooked  or  granted  by 
South  Carolina,  because  her  iirst  care  was  not  for  herself,  bur 
for  the  honour  of  the  trovernment  and  the  welKu-e  of  orlie^--: 
and  this  is  the  spirit  1  claim  for  her.  She  felt,  ruo,  tb  ir 
having  warmly  advocated),  the  w"ar,  there  was  (jlnigation  uj^jiL 
her  to  come  forward  to  meet  the  resulting  responsibiliries. 
But  it  soon  became  pbiin  that  advantage  would  be  taken  <,)f 
thase  patriotic  and  genorous  impulses,  to  abu^e  tlie  system 
into  a  means  of  enriching  a  favourite  cla>.-  an.l  secriun  at  the 
expense  of  another.  To  this  end,  pr.<tecti^e  diuie-  v.'rre 
increased  from  time  to  time,  until  a  tariit  was  reached  which, 
out  of  an  importation  of  sixty-four  miili'dsC  yieMed  the 
government  thirty-two  millions,  imposing  mr-der  ibic  l-ardcns 
on  the  foreign  exchanges  of  the  agriculturists  of  rae  .'^uurh, 


*  Caihrran's  Speeches,  Vol.  Ill,  p.  203. 


and  irreatlv  damugiog  her  eommerce,  while  wealth  and  pros- 
perity were  the  jfortion  of  the  fav(.)ured  States. 

Such  was  the  rvtm-n  for  the  feeliiia"s  of  kiiuhiess.  comhiiied 
with  a  sense  of  jusdce.  that  It-d  South  CVvrt)lina  to  add  her 
support  to  tlie  Bill  of  1>1<>,  whieh  airents  of  the  lUHDUiae- 
tiirers  h;id  said  irave  suliicierit  jn'otecrioii,  and  which  was 
considereii  as  final.  This  it  was  that  caused  South  Carolina, 
after  repeated  hut  vain  appeals  to  justice,  and  to  all  tlie 
cumuion  m"-i<\'^n'-  n  ^ :  '  .  n'^t-;-'  ;irtentio]i  to  riie 
question  wiiftlier  a  >.  -u-  ...i-..  a;:;.  ;  '  ;•'  which  to  assert 

her  reserved  powers. 

Even  t".'  I   ^"  -,-  ■         ^va^  ui:id;j  ].  T;  ■  '  '  ^ 

Act  of    l'-l<''       -  ^'  I  .  .     '     '     .'■  --    .  _ 

tarifL,  simply  r  :  .,:      .       .     r-;-.  .:    ..  ■  . 

all  the  items  to  the  revenue  poiiu.  After  sucli  an  oiler.'* 
continued  the  distingi:-  :    '  '  r,-     -.n.   wiio  values 

his  candour,  will  dare  ;ic  -i;.-..  ui-.-  State,  or  ciiuse  who  repre- 
sented her  here,  vrith  in'jOL.d.-iein'y. ' ' 

But  by  this  time  the  u'rced  of  gain  on.  the  part  c,f  the 
Xorth  had  overpassed  all  limits.  Sourh  ^'^irolina.  i:.  '•■i^^ 
steps  she  took,  acl"-..-' ■  fr.'-'i        v-ii.  nov  precipit;it'-iy. 

To  her  may  he  a}.-.    .  .     ..     v-:...-  - I  :  v  an  Athenian  orator 
of  his  fellow-citizens  :      Brave  in  ucti<jn.  we  yet  dcii! >Oi-::.re 
carefully  hefort^haiid. "     Ll-r  ;u/riun  was  preo-ded 
and  patient  dehjerarion,  rhc  appeal  being  to  the  intei:: ..:;a 
no  less  than  ttj  the  feelings  of  tlie  people.     In  e>says.  in 
speeches,  in  pamphlets,  in  debates,  were  discussed  [)ririijiple^ 
of  political  ecunumy,  of  revenue,  of  hi  'V  and  Consri'^-' '  ^  , 
and  the  relatiotis  lietween  the  State  and  the  (.jeneral  v -wrr,. 
nient,     lUame  '»ur  people,   if  they  should    L»e  thought  r<» 
deserve  bhime  tor  incauti<ais  generosity,  and  then  for  refu-inu; 
to  submit  to  abuse  uf  that  generosity,  entailing  pov,   -  ; 
degradatioiu  but  blame  them  nor  for  turbnlenee  ;•-]!•.; 
passion.     Vriien  tliinking  of  th-,     \  r.:     m-  .•;  which  in  com- 
bination broiigiit  the  State  in  1        to  the  comhiishai  th.ir  iuit 
one  escape  remained  from  a  coridition  of  inferiority,  let  ic  ia: 


reiiiciubered  tliat,  altlionii"li,  aceordiiiL!:  to  the  ori^-inal  ''])ar- 
ii'ain.'''"- \vherei>y  tlie  sucti<)7iMl  nne^tions  which  tlireatciicil  to 
<.lefeat  the  formation  of  the  ( 'oristitiiti'^u  v.  ere  adjusted,  tlie 
advaiuaires  turned  t:>iit  to  he  irrf^atly  on  tl-  --ll'':  of  the  North, 
yet  ereii  the.^e  ads'aritai>-e>  were  uiijii-tiy  and  niiii'eneronsly 
;ihu?^ed,  whiU.'  rhe  eoiii|>onsation  |)lt*dged  to  tiie  South  was 
deTiied. 

The  Xorth  gained  the  ri2:ht  in  p;i„^s  Xavii^atiot]  Acts  ])V  a 
hai'e  nmi-Hrv.    ■  -    .        ^     •  u-v^^ir-^  friri'V]-;  f<T  tlieir 

>)\va  h'^iioTi:       ^  '  ii'^M.^-  ^ ;  m  fw.rts  for 

their  own  '     ■    :    -  •.' .  ^i j   t^.  -•   ;  '  ■  hecarne 

sources  oi  iii\int'n>o  we:ilr!i  t  ^  di^;'  North.  The  South  was  to 
i'>'uut  Ti''^'-  -  :i>  rlir'^*;  whlfe-  f-^r  piiri^o^--,  taxalirM! 

honetir,     r      :  '  '  ...  ^:  j'-"'  -  ^"ere 

riTv.  ,a:!'l  ^.i'  ii..  -ivhik  '_j'<  rvied  to  tiie  South,  fi'oni 

thU  "  i);u'-'aiii, " '  for  tiie  l:- ^y\'i-iv]j.i:i\i  was  supi^.^ro-- *  l.v  duties, 
iii,tt  hy  d!r'-;;r  r  'xt.-s.  winio  Ii^T'j  ^va-  l'_':-s  in  r*, , ;  .^irnraiiori, 
and  rend. •:  .'•.;^-itives  was  refused.  The  lixinp,-  a  period 
(1>'>^)  p^iior  to  whicli  " " iniporrario!!  of  sacii  perso^^  as  any  ()i 
the  Staces  r.ow  exisciu^cr,  shall  tiilnk  proj^er  [-.>  adnut,"  could 
not  he  prohihited.  Iia-  I'oen  hy  some  uiisunderstood.  It  has 
licen  occasionally  spokun  of  a>  a  concession  to  the  South. 
Tills  is  (paiie  a  tnisrakc.  All  the  Eastern  States  were  Ldad 
of,  and  voteil  for  liiu  p'j-^fi>ont/fif'/)f  of  thi.'  pi'oldhirhui  to  the 
year  I^o^.  f  >r  hy  them  the  trade  was  carried  on.  But,  in 
fact,  it  Was  a  concession  from  those  of  tl-.e  S-juthcrn  States 
that  desired  tlie  coiirinuance  of  slavery,  to  conc-ent  at  all  to 
shut  their  p.,i-r-      iii!>t  ini!'< utation  of  Africans. 

In  retur  :  :\n::  ix  \\ujv  \--ero  not  only  to  l>e  unnit>]este«i.  hur 
]>err>etually  secured  :in  1  o-e-)iiicd  ;mai:i-'  ■  ■  :j..aestati(aK  anil  to 
have  in  regiir.l  to  this  pr^;  -  -he  -.-luic  r.ri  >-i!!-w,.<  :ii>pcrta!ri- 
in<r  to  ciii  :'-.'!.-  of  ocli«-r  Srac-.;^  in  n.-iz-ii'd  to  of  per ty. 

Tlui  concession  rlieri  eon>titured  one  s.>f  tlii'  ,M;,;,'  .t^iuic; 
moral  { t>e>ides  the  hiiralj  ooliirations  on  the  North  r.o  niaint  ee 


*  Si>  stj  li-Mi  by  (jrouveriKi.iJ-  lecTi-e  <;*f  Pv  iiusylvaai;;, 


29 


ami  i^mtect  forever  the  Sontliern  slaveliokler  \n  the  peaeel'ul 
eiijuynietit  <:>f  all  his  rights  as  such. 

None  will  deny  tlie  active  luvl  intiueiiliai  jiavt  taken  by 
Charles  Piuekney,  in.  tlie  t'nrniation  of  the  Constirun'-n. 
Listen  to  iiis  wur^i-.  -p'. in  ii.t-  '■■l'  ~.,:]v]  '  '  :  •'!  will 
detail  as  far  as  nt  tiii-  ^li-'-^uw  \><j:vn]      ^  v.:-.^  riic 

intention:  of  the  ('onvetiii';!!  rK;Lt  iov  .  ;  in 
this  article.  The  if.'t:'riti'.-n  -"Vii-  tu  ^iv*^  {'u'lisvi ])i»wer, 
•ifter  f!'  •   i-.-i-  ■.•-■■>■■:-  i^-n  (ii;  >!:!  -p-^, 

euhoL"  ^"  ]>y  w;ir;:,\  -  "'  Tii'-  -.v-.ra 

this  ri.".; =n.  ^  '■.'liiTuss  nii^'lit  have  sro[)]>«'d,  it  snont-r,  lii.her 
riicir  I,:  ;:<;!'^ii    j^^wej"  r.^  rt'i.: :: ; -t;-  r  -e:  ami   ;;■    ■  :n 

a2rL-^h  .-^)U;i;nily  u-h  ^r-'"  -  .      ^Mnai-r,  tL.,r  ;':e 

St>n:h.-r-  "  .  ■■  •  •  •  mnsenrinu-  ro  -hut  tii-.ir  i'\'Vi>  :•;!-:'  'hie 
iii-ip-r:  •-'h---,    h   .\  "-'rican-.   .no  p<;.wer  \va.-  r*)  be  heleiratevi  to 

Co^i..-''-.        :':''.T  W'Te  r;tev  over  t<;>  1)0  Muiliorh^t^ti .  t« .  tt>inh:  The 

(|ne>ri.o^  ^havta'v:  t'lat  t!io  ]n'i")]^»orrv  ri;;.^  ^uiuiiorn  >r:.rrs 
in  slave.-  wa«  t<>  be  as  sjicredlv  prc-erve'l  an>l  pro  tec  red  to 
tlieui  as  that  oi  lanh.  , rmy  other  kind  of  |)ro].>erty  in  tlie 
Eastern  Stares  wa-  t'>  be  to  tlieir  oitizeus.'' 

AVe  weil  know  tlie  sort  of  pr-^roi-Tioi!  that  the  Si>ath 
received.  Airain,  in  utter  disregard  *'f  the  under-- 
tliur  ■"be  coniproniise  ox  l^ho  was  to  (dose  tiie  tariii  eo'ntr.... 
versy,  wlieti  the  iinie  arrived  at  winch,  a': cording-  to  iln' 
descendinir  scale,  re  venae  rates  weia^  reacht^b  the  A<.  t  v.-.a- 
oTertliro'Vfi  in  eontenipt  (d  ■j:<h)']  hhtii.  a  ml  <>i'  oiedpfs  rhar  if 
tlie  Sinith  wonld  adiiere  tc  the  coojpr<aui-e  while  it  was  <e  er- 
atin^  favranaddy  t*_>  the  naaiaitactinaie^  intefa->t.  tiiev  o]'  the 
Xorth  wnuhl  ^tiiad  by  it  when  it  siiould  w.ifie  t<.»  oi-enae 
justly  for  tile  S».>iit]i. 

In  this  we  tia  ;   .   "h-e-e  i.d  the  tid-'iry  t-'  S  .eh:  ("ai-.ai::a 
to  lii^r  o;i--.i2e!!i^  e ^' :  .      h  "  Tie-  r^..  .-^'o  1  iei^-'  .\  ; aia'' -d  I; •  ^ 'a 
She  did  a>l:ier«i  D»  the      =  . .••■•"nh..--*:  ;-r  in  vie'w  .-.f  ih.-  ^^an 
dant  reveniie  which  had  ■rlo\\ed  int-  •  li'v  nn-irr  rlie 

Act,  pn>positions  were  made  t'^ha-ton  rsanu"!  dn- revincrions 


30 


of  ^he  lirst  je*-ir.  Mr.  CjiUioun':^  ^^-Vh'  "^^'^^s  :  '"if  we  >iionld 
vote  now  to  repeal  or  re<]nGe  diuie.^  mure  rnpiJly  that  ihi> 
Aot  ;<'(jrnpr.')M-iise  how  e;iii  ^^■e  (■.)!T]plHi!i  if  tiie 

Uianaiacriirini]:  iirLere>ts  tfboiild  horeatLor  iix-rease  the  (Juiies, 
or  retard  or  arrest  tiie  reductioii  provided  bv  Mie  A'-f;  r  .lir 
aud  lK>nonrai)le  dtjalinir  lia::  ewr  d'-*  b  ,;-':;-b-^rv:  dio  ;^.<  Tij 
character,  and- 1  trust  we  have  ■■"-p^-iiecr  t-:>  e-.tn- 

plain  if  tlie  measure  we  n^.-w  Tiiete  t*^  urii'Ts  -Ibodii  ' 


v.u-u 

of  p  -  ■  ^  -  ■■  -    -  ■  '  i  ^V       -  ;lv. 

i!:.-- .  d  ■  'c  icav  ■:,'  -!-;'r.  ■dio  f'':.;'ii  d-nes  /'^■  rc;-T'»red 
a-  ■■  --'^        Vi<'       ^  m1  ;,r  x.'h;.  ^  T-^:  '^.,;it]i  wa-  iv.  ber 

tuni  r<,     :;:dv'':  ^'_'ir  ib;  rr-Mii  t!i;it  Ac'C  ld'-'-"A. 

L)  mrirrers.  wldcb  ;w ';i''.^;'u<;.  ■  th'j  -^'Ari-.ns  ^.ur 

Stij.t';  die  (reiieral  ( d:iV{;r:;M--;;r   ;...d  tb<;  <;nhjr  Si/'r:/>, 

her  t'.Hirse.  as  y^Ki  have  Sfei\,  'vas  u-.>verh<rvl  by  lariio  •o:d: 
4^enerra;s  inorives.  and  by  a  scnipaluus  adiierence  to  irood 
faith .  v::-.  r  •.}{  S'.dt-«lenial  it  ni^irht  <:!emand.  By  an 
equally  la-idid'h.  -pdrit  of  obe»lifne>j  to  duty,  slie  was  actuated 
on  other  occasions,  two  of  which  siiould  here  i>o  mentifmecL 
On  tlie  one  thr  came  to  rlie  aid.  r;f  the  adisdni-*  riirina  .  .  >r.  o 

•  so,  r^)   the  h;„L 

h 

indej>ende!it  treasurv  scheme  was  pi-  ^i'  -ad  by  Mr.  Van 
Biiren,  in  [r  iminc'liatcly  j-ecei ved  support  iror. x  bar 

.Senaa:^,  Afr.  ('.auiaiii.  ;!u:dn-r  i%  \-erv  iw.vrerful  *>ia -a. 
and  ai^-;  ■•::.ri  ^^oai o-^re  a-rranii-catirair  oxh^t-l  isarsrt^..];  bia!  ,aid 
"^Ir.    Van   i»uren.     ilis  course  -ub;-..'--red  hi'.t   to  '  '  ' 

imputations  from  Messr-.  aaf   'U'a;-rar,  wirb 

h;ir|   -nid'-V'  ^       -a'-a   ^:      -       -      i  r  i,ir  h  ,if   (  d    *  i  ;■!.;:  ;\J 

re!)i'r,aii       a  ■   ;^  ,  ■  -a  -     ^  \.i  ri--  id.ir,;a  :>r,U':-  [Said 
^■entlemnn  v/ere  di sappoiritedi  at  Mr.  (.'alhoun's 
froui  tiieni,  in  order  to  adva/catt,.-  the  ij^reat  mea-ura  of  Mr. 


Wl 

bt 

i  .  i 

31 


Van  Eiireif  s  government.    But  in   li '  ■     '  iiitlv  refuting 

their  argimit-iir-  rv-l  personal  attack?,  lie  .^;,r;::^^a  that  he  ^vas 
acting  on.        .  .  and    opiniuu^    V>nix    entertaiueii  arul 

repeatedly  announced.  These  liis  Siar^  ha*l  approved.  i'b.e 
tiitie  !i':id  eome  for  their  i-p-'i^sei'^^:  ■  m1  he  ]ie>U:':'  1  :^  :  r  to 
ijKii'.^ih:  tliein.  Hi-  :['r.:-.v  v:-;;-  ^  .  ::;.;!. it  the  tonu  ^  ■  h^'i- 
r^elf  '-ii:'']';        .  ■•:  ito.     "'1  am  sent         '  '^v 

my  iii  crO^^- ^/.v.^n  over  tli^dr  peculiar 

a-.'.  •  '  :  .1  tiie  c:vr:L'ral  con'-^-r'::        '  d"  I  \vt;r;;        ■  ■■'e 

■       ■iv'-ri^-ii  dv   iwv  ow^'.,  ■  - 1 -oijuencu , 

Q\::ir::'-:;j:  lav  .diry._.... .  d;_:::  ;  wlait  1  re;^'ari|  a,-  =i..u- 
gcr-Oi-      i'-'vraijr,       -'"^d'i-'  ;i  :Vid  ze^^io'--  [o 

^vhat  1  ridnk  rigli:  ao'!    .     .  ;  .-;r--i  ^^'^add.  in  d; 
e).Hiiu>i;ai,  return  niv  ^    ;  ;        - r?arriotic  -  dnr 

State  I      ■ -"^-^-a^ ; ,      I,  "estdute  r.  •  :  ■  -r- 

worthy  Liaiahd"'  'i --"a-    ; 'pr- >v.'d  'lao.  rrplieiu  n-;-  :-.-a. 

I  turn  ii-.^a-  ir,  ;:;ic:  ^,':;i*aJ  r.c,--i,M'as  rdlii'ltj'd  r^a  waa;.  'jn 
the  other  hand,  iait  -n.d  :::d<»aaria  d.e  dictates  ot  dni  va  S:ajtJi 
Carolina  appeared  j-^  ■■  -d  >n  to  another  administration — 
Mr.-  Polk's.  I  have  reference  to  the  Oregon  affair.  It  is 
again,  as  in  I'i^li.  a  ■>■■•■<■■'  '  !  aa-e  oc  '.var.  lint  tiie 
honour      the  go^'e;':,       a  i-i^uiiirv  called  far  ^^air, 

and  South  Carolina  advocated  it.  J^vaa  the  true  diigr.dx  of 
the  government,  the  ^veliare  of  the  c<anury.  and  iiiau^aarv 
itself,  reoaire  ])eaee.  and  Carolina  ore->"-e-  war.  It  is  ]:tces- 
sary  to  recall  some  of  the  prominent  id^a-,  in  order  to  esti- 
mate properly  tiie  oi>st;ndes  to  a  i^ea'-'aui  suttlemteit.  an -I  die 
hiuMi  spirit  winch  ^\'oard  n.ot  be  dott-rred  hy  them.  The 
territory  was  claimed  i»y  i •« 'th  id-eat  l'rir:dn  and  the  C aired. 
States.  In  order  to  p^vaeni'  "^ali-i'a-.  e.  (N-aiver;"i..e^  ina 
been  entvn'ed  into,  wherei'^"  ria^  (-er;;ir,,ry  wa-i  tt..  be  rvi_e  and 
open  to  enii^nv.int-  "ia-oia  "aa  eoaiirrie>;  etuai  yiarty  hed'ev 
the  rieiiL  t:>  o-<':o\i--iij  lee  f 'i  >n  vtea:-eL  a-'-'ir-r  o-o  -  •■ 
notice.  A>  die  ' '  iaedOiuaa-'n'^ '  i:ea-e;i-..  •  ,  : 
of  the  North  and  \\h>.-r,  riiev  aae-atient  maier  tie/  -e 

^  ^i-.erjches.  Vol.  -.),  p. 


32 


iirtd  fruitless  negotiations  for  arnin<iing  tlio  boiin<];irie-.  In 
1.S4.5  ^Ir.  Polk  siicceeded  to  tlie  Fresldoncy,  after  a  nu'St 
active  an<l  exciLitio;  C'nU'ost  witli  Mr.  Clay,  One  of  tli!-  i.l;it- 
foriu  ]-est)luti"ns  of  tlie  l)einoorati<j  r''invcntir>n,  uf  vvliicli 
Mr.  p(.)]k  was  the  nominee,  wa<  a>  ft^il  -vr-  : 

''Iir^nhecL  That  our  title  to  the  v.-i-  .  --f  tlie  Teri'.:  .-r;-  of 
()ri>u;,)u  '  1 ' :  ■  I  III'- '  ■  ■  ^ ;  : ' ' "  1   ilu.r        pOrlI^•:;  \:e 

<anio  ^'U_:!ir  t-.*  ise  oe-ieJ  to  Kn.rUuia,  or  a  ay  other        or.  *■ 

Thu^  "th''  ^' i:-:-  'O  ^>:'i;u-:>!s  .T  i.vi;-''  i!(^r-;ane  a  p^rr-;  .'ry. 

Mr.    i^,^'-.  1.;,   i::-        ;        /  ^  ,;;      ,      •  ]   J.,  Cun-lV..   r.,      i  VO 

the   L-'i-u  '.'f  ten.,in,,:  ^         ;  •  :u|'ani;y.     T'.'  -:'  '\--;.> 

>;ii>P^ >rr-,  i  tl;*^  11. >n,;;:^  ^-r  a'*-— ^vd  ri.  he'ieve  liie  claii>i  „■  '  >r 
the  v.'liuie.  a  .'id  ri:ar  the  honour  <..f  the  party  -"v.l  <>f 

for  war  <eenie<.l  inindixOiit.     xVIl  >tor-K>  ivih  Tnarine  ii, 

^evrr^h --.t [he  Nvar  jyi!  r^'  !i iuucrr.us,  ^w.dien  hv  ;,::-.;iy 
winj^e  1^1  -rhre  wa<  thv  i/ni-i ru-e:;ie'it  of  u'hat  in  tlii:'  ['^'■■^'^y 
iliiii^  OX  :hc  d;iy  h>  eaih;..l  the  "area  wt  tree  soih"  S.uith 
(.'p.r'.'i a-  you  know,  had  .sap{>ortetl  Mr.  Polk.  "What 
now  w.jiiid  he  tier  voice  /  Tiu'^  Deni'.'eratie  parry  was  r'lr-.l;fed 
against  the  evils  from  which  she  liad  .-n rf ered:  ir  ha-i  -  < 
denined  iuternal  ini- 'venients,  a^si;iu])ti*_»n  of  State  hehts 
for  interaal  iniprovcin  air-,  ilie  hj>ter; ii^' ^ d  ravourite  i-ranches 
of  indn-Li'v,  inria-ferenee  widi  d'.une.-tic  (•t.sncerns  of  thv  Sr,!.te. 
and  ih.au;ir:dt.-d  e<.-<'n,>niy  and  strict  etjn.-rnicxioTi  of  the  IV-n- 
^tirutirei.  Wiiarever  of  hope  then  Suuth  ('ar(dina  miislit 
dr  "  '        -      'Ty      Ami  ?!0W  wh-ir  will  he  iirr  '-i^/ur-.^  ^ 

Who  -i.e  I'-rier  r-..;  ihaiois  <c'         :  ::!:\-  -  r-i-^i.^  i^-diii.  - 
are  th'.»-"  f' a' wididi  die  S!;t>  , o  -      ■  '    :-:e'h  -o;:; 


Or    -  '    r-d-;  r':^^.r-    ^  .-i!!,;    d;-    ,.urii   of   .i-;-y— '^c 

uroud  and  enduring  character  ^    Th-. >  Oi  eidighteia-d  ^i.nd 


iK'.'iKM'  aileici^t'^ce  Co  party  wliic'n  honour  ro!|uirt;s,  imd  wlui-li 
i--  ••--j:;tia!.  in  fn;e  fi-ovurumcuts.     But  tiii,- \-jrt;nc.  like  ot}ior>, 
capable  of  abu^e,   as  we  luui;   -eeis   in   a  very  nM/eiu 
itistanee. " 

A  o^reai  student  and  writor  •:>!  li'-.r-'-v  !^r:r':iii]av >  lias  tb-^-^ 
^Dt.kou  :    '-Tbe  eti'eet  of  X  ^beli^  ;V:-  ■  ••c\M:on 


^1 


•  '  I  '  ;   ^I'Uiunr  for  a  loau  ro  leave 

b^^  :  -    ■  :  ■   .    :  '    ;ive  to  hU  ]\iriy\     In  tbe  Tr.\b-o..  br:\-'>  -r' 

-  •    -'.-.^...r^        '  .  ^  :     ■:   -    lb-:;;,  a-  a    (-b ; ' ' -b  <jr 

tb^;'  aib  b  .  :  ,  -rii:  mkJ  b:,-  j'-oa^r-  :.>f  rliu  LL^airne  brou^'bi 
a  Si'Miii-'i  rlie  very  heart  of  France.    '''^         '"^  - 

b'b  •  ••  .  •  -  -  '  wbii  ii  rVt.*  {b'Vi>jurinu  o^ave  rise  were 
b  L     /  ;v     ^auie  rv»n-e^ [U^^iK'e-,     Tiio  Tleirui'lieans  in 

every  r):irt  <>t'  Europe  were  eao;er  to  see  the  armies  of  the 
^National  Converiti' >n  and  tbr;  Uiroi-rorv  a o pear  aio-'o;^'  tbeia. 
"^^  !''-bKx-s  ;i,;;b    X  'i:'--^       ibMn'v,       tb.e  otber 

hand,  did  ili ataio^t  to  brir.M-  loreiiru  i.!! v.L«i.ers  to  Paris. 

Ibiud  and  servile  devotir)n  to  party  is  i!ico]i!|>at!i)!e  vAzii 
ihiV:  ■  ■'■r-.:- mind"  'abrb  ]j  'Jemtiiid-  vdiar  is  just  anbi 
true.  Aub  the  p^^pt'ot  <>t  our  ]H->pi(i  has  bbiov/ed  their 
r;.:pr''-i-'^ir;:7b/^v-:  \^--->r.  rl-,:er  ^.-ti'-u  la,-  i>ee]]  t'iie  r;f<uit  ..b  !M>n~ 
Sibo'.r        -  ^     .   ■  .  :;.  b';-^  -p  reii^'o  'a'  i;;[v.     So  it  was 

-   M']-.  i     '  "-'n-n^Uit.       ^ue  nf  air  '^^eaiOM\^  wa- 

'"i--  lb.-:,  .  '        '  >    :.  .,  :  a     ^-  .n.i.,-.i  rvi^a^- 


l'br^  .;l>:'v  isi<.)n  Of'  tilt;  Electoral  Ccniiiusdoii. 
■J 


34: 


inu'  well  <]i>c!i;iriretl  tbo  (iiities  of  iiuiiiy  importaiit  otii" 
;:;!.        thi^iu  tliose  of  ai!  able  'i|»ri--i;r   .lu(lj:e — :i  i 

who  coijiblnea  a  vi^Drijus  and  cub^'ue<i  iiiroilc-'L  viu-. 

Slid;.        ni:i!i.    ad:  i;:'  •  -db'..  a 

ir?'--  '       ■  Mi^'       :.:!!i[;:;a_-  ^a   a^'-  'r--!-.  and  I'eLf.a'^ 


y-::-     -  v;a":-ta,'^'V,  r'::ir    >!r.  v  aaa.ar 

: :z.  ■  a .-_:;td...    All  ia/i;-a]-  ro  :-a.'/a  r;i,: 
nia.'-  ^   -      :  -       ^        "^a:a.?    ra;a-    r  '■]]    .   '  '    -      ;  ' 


two  iiTeat  ^a.a^r-.\-  aaadfOi;]  arraiM-ices  on  whi'di.  a.-  ^  A. 
the  an-^V":':      r^o  vJracie,  a-La-;:  -aspeiided  iuoiiienT<ni- 
atfoe'^'!;/^        M:aa''>t  iaierer^is  iiut  oruv  of  ir* ''^"eiaiiiUMir. 

;ai;..ra-'-.a      i' !::;.•;<'  iiad  iii.>t  iid<jadi::efl  luni,  AVitii 
]va.>a  t'L  •;-a:-"^-a^  recti  rude,   with  the  <;li^:i  dtv  that  aim 

a^"  ■        aa'  r^n/' riW--.-:  ^"'-iaija'  ^^r--        -iojence  to  jiid^iiien t; 

a  -:a  it.  wir:;  ta-,  ■  .ra^  <  .ao-oi">y         UK-:  Chro 

statesman,  Ik?  vie  Ms  iioilnnir  of  the  honour  oi  riirhts  of 
cou^!tr^^  yat 

"S' M):';:5         <■  a^^r  v.*,>r,l:>  and  awful  peace  maintains." 

1.  '■••a  ''ail  iu  ar  r.oridnir  a^airainiiiir  more  iatarasr  or  ia-- 
tioM  ca.ia  id.>  i^aa-v  -varlmeat-.     ■'ILavariii;  I'oi-u  iLii> 
ay  th<:  iiii'.  ^-^i  a.a.'  -  a,  v]ii*jh  i  va;i^  .:-i)p'..ea  a^  =da.^'>~c  i^r.  -  ^ 
r  a,,  -i    .i.a  a-:aa  I  \vith!>ut  !a-'^:tatioa  r  a,_;  the  foru 

tiie  i-.ai-oijUenees  of  vvar,  i  Kii-  ti-.-.r  m  ii;e  .-aaaiair  >: 
of  the  world,  wars  are  necessarv;  ciiat  the  mo.-t  -^.^ared  r<.a 


.35 


for  justice  aud  e^jiuTj,  an'l  r]}?  nmst  co,utioiis  poli^'V,  ('■\iir\ot 
always  prevent  dieni.  ^       -  i,r  iuii-?t  CvHue.  i  :i;  .  to 

my  past  history  t(>  prove  rliat  1  shail  nor  l)e  found  amnnL^ 
those  who  tairer,  ]>nt  )    ^       '  '-^  :';'re  -iover  tu  coiitrii  ' 
iny  acts  to  precipitate  t:;<.  <••>■.  ^       into  ;i  war  wlien  it  r, 
fairly  avoided,     i  am  on  pr:ucir.le  t.'pp'tsc'l  to  war,  and  in 
favour  of  ]>eace,  because  I  r..  .  .;-':  -i  i"^>!to.'e  j'^'d. 

:       -  cv";.  •■■     War  has  t"--  ':■  ^ 

'  -  '       :         .r      r     ~   iL^'.'.-T:;  or  tho  ]\--\\.'  ... 

:-:  ;       _ . : ' . •  ^ .     [  rofer  to  penua- 

::;.;L^i:  lil^l  ■         :   ■  ■ : ;  I  «J     {■•'il'-Zld    CliaJi-eS  -wiu  cli  ■  • 'T  T^- ' : 

T^.i:'=u-  i:\  '  1  <>]'j)>>-e  war.  not  sinio'v 

r      ■  '        ^■M  c'jaiitry.  our  mi  -'ii!  h:^>ador  ^a.^.o:';-^ 

,      -  '  \vV->  ■  :       Idj:h   re-^:-  -  .•■:■ 

";•o- v       i-='"."^rdin2'  tbeir  <!,dv'0''^_%  and  by  --uch  a  war  as  thi^; 

rv.M-t7v^entative-  from  Stoith  Carolina  in  the  same 
\i\-:uai.:c  ^a\;i*a'roJ  (_[;;rv  -  i-any.  and  ilie  controversy  was 
tinahy  rioiiisted  by  adioaiau:  rhe  boundary  line  as  desiHaiHted 
I'V  Afr,  ( ■■adioun.  And.  so.  for  the  continuance  of  re.-r  a  ad 
peace,  widi  rh(d,r  bb>d.'!as  and  iina^dd  <aa;-e' |uence>.  "^b*.; 
whole  land  was  si manly  indeia*rd  to  the  words  and  eounseis  ^A 
the  siAtesnien  .>f  Srnrcli  Carolina. 

It  ^nis  tans  i>een  sh'.jwn  that  durinir  the  iir-t  quarter  of 
century  of  the  existence  of  tije  Federal  (rovcnoacnt,  thrt-ats 
arid  pLtns  of  .-cces.-iori  t-tud  di-.union  were  made  on  five  several 
oc(:asions  in  St;ite>  north  of   Ma^on  ano  I)ixon's  lints,  i-ar 

foi'th    >'  "  '    >  "'ii,ie— .    ''V  ]  '  i\  \    '  .  • 

bv  inrba^iiii;!!  a--^•n;•  ^a  ;-,       .)  a:^  do-o!  nie>>rd!Lf-  aod 
n;r'-i,  :oid   by  ,■   i.  ■;,!.■  :f-  ;,:-  i vic •  :i-c .  --]id-   ic  aiic  --a;,.*^ 
}>erio«i,   ouiv  the  soPr :.  •        ■      oi  oru>  ino' vM:i;{.i  in  >nro!i 
Car-  lin  i  >     <!   r  >  uUi_r  d.^-^^i  \\     '         ,u  ^b"  tirid,  '  • 

is  Mb  supported  from  patriotic  feelia;^s  and  .^reneroiis  cs);]-;;!}.. 


3G 


erati'>ii  for  the  Xortlu  wa>  tnrtiin^'.l  l.>y  the  Korrli  into  a 
] >eri i i:wAj at  s v te 1 1 1  ^/l ,  rnxuii- )!i  f«..-r  its  ,ii"*;^-ra!nii>;<.*i!»e!!.  >>■  t'le 
expense  and  to  the  serious  injury  of  tiu>  SMub,  and  r;;  '  -ntii 
Carolin^t  re-;'iTet.i  i'^  iiii' ^ 'M  i^:  1'^;'::,  ^  ■  : :  .i--nre 

r-  :,  ;     ;      :        :,      .  i;pl  ijy 

wh'.'li  thi-  v.'.-t-  t-.>  he  .:riM'hi--  v  ..  '.h'.jre.h  was  vioh. I ;y  the 
X<.)rL  li  ill  i^i::^.     Yuwhii^-'^  -  -    .,  .^J-^   ^h'lt  th*:  ■      ■  '  il 

^'.^  ^      ••  \\Vii\  til    :„::■"  •  .  '.'  ■  ■  ■  che 

'Si^rd^.  the  onlv  ivieaus  <h  -  .  -rvr..;'  •  and 
a'  "  '  ^  '  -       ■   ■  -a^y,  liir  anr;ai'  ani.i  aii^-!_aj.-dnitiM: 

I':  '       >    ,"; --ed  ill  '-y        Siaidi  forr;v^;da-  .  m;^ 

naa   ■  ■a:^:-;;:'i  iim^vk  riad  in  -top  f-^';-    v  •  .    -  ,  -  pv 

:.-h'a^      y..  T       -    ..-^ ^i'.  -i-i  ..a^ivr.-]  t^:>  ^idr-^J-.  ],[it 

wua  ^j^. 'n-r-ii;riy  i'cia,v.-i.a  r)^r  y-.-r: r ro  Congr<;--  .  '"^le 
X"vrii  ■"m;' ad'jdri')!],  -Mhl  [^ec-i-ataa  ■yrenii^ts  t;>  ^  ^a 
AVyi-^ir  ])i-'>vi>.> :  ;,>;,]        vsa;";.   wiinii  tha  Sond:  ^  :<> 

seees-i.on.  riie  .X.-aaLar'j  "^rares  bad  t every  one  of  tnia;-.  on 
tlieir  st;inite  hook-,  hr.^:--  '  ,s  • •  ;"--!asritutionai  ]'r'j\i<ion 

for  return  of  fo.uativ'  s.  .  .  ..  o\  i:  b;;s  appeared  tbac  nulli- 
fication ai-d  >eca^d^>a,  he)*!  t'-  lie  suah  tla^L^uit  eriines  on  tlie 
part  of  the  South,  an«l  especially  of  South  Carolina,  for  whicli 
we  have  hetaa  denoiinc-d  :{s  '.v-heh  and  traitors,  for  which  we 
have  been  made  to  suiha-  u-  ucv»;v  l;td*<.>re  any  civilized  ]>eo|de 
ha:-  -uaored,  hail  been  prociainieil  and  pra<:'ti^ed  in  the  .Xorrb, 
(the  b-rcier  in  the  li Le-tin.it'  and  under  the  eves  of  tin.-  fr'inaa- 
of  the  b'on.-«tituti'>n  >  uTabjidaed  ri_2'iits  of  tlie  Stares  as 
sovr-A'iuT'.  j.'arrie-  tr»  the  com ] ••acts  td'  the  ronstitiition. 

Finally.  y^>n  h  i/'-o  .-ce!i  that  dL-i'-'-i^'.-ir-l  ami  vioiati'a:  »>f  [aw 
and  r>iM-r!r;;ra  ■!;.  -v-h  -rtonbaair   ob  '  -a:'  'a-«.  and  a.i,r..:a'v;~-:t 
o-   ''b  .o:  1  /ij'o,-  ^d  tla,;  a-.--':.  :  ,:■>'  hee!i  o'aaantod 

a-  .  ■  ,a:;r*"i  bv  ■!::;  b.>rtia  a!ib  'a  a.^'  a!:tl'ai  ^  ';di 
{/arolina  and  i>f  rla^  S(>u:b  ht-s  iiocn  jMi.rv*l\'  defensiv*^  aiid  for 
self-prtaoctlt»n :  riiat  in  ^be  p  a  ar  .'da'-tjb     -  •  ■•'■onai 

strifes  and  under  mtdtiplica    -a-ajva.iiCfr.    StjUt'y  r  ia;-.bina. 


while  ill  the  rnioii,  niain rained  her  lideliry  t<>  the  r-on.-titu- 

rion,  ?0U)i'hr  to  proiuore  the  y:eQeral  ^velfare  ai.i!  tluj  h'Vw.iir 
of  the  2:overuineiit.  at  home          ^''^  i^-^'        ^  -i* 

common  Imrdeiis,  and  demau'l  i„;  i  r  ;  : 

Sc^atli  but  eqnHlity  and  just  rio-hrs  under  r;;.'  luii-. 
laws  of  the  laud. 

The  prim-n- '  ■  ■  -Mv.^.rv  of  th>^  -re 

eahirnur,    -.n''    '  >  '^ir  -ii.e  u;-    '-'/^i.      i';:.!  . 


iX'  ■         '        .'  ■  ;i<  SUiPr;',;! :  r       .  ■  i '"I  ilU'e  iier 

witii  forr-  r  and  five,  her  inori ve-  aj.id  purposes  !::t"re 
been  inipu-u^    .       '       '    ^ ^K.-nti^^';-  ■  ^^jd  ahr'V.d,  i^;  a 

LTreat  di'-T^e  I'ii'-. ^  i''»ui.  hut  i;:  ■  -  -e;!]  asper-i  ■  '^r' 
tho-e  \rji:  >  i;ave  he<Mi  ";  r.- ^ : ;     Oii   her  \rhi!e  :;c 

aspiriii  J  ■ .-lie  v.-  • »  •.  i'l-diu:^-  lier  undazzled  eves  ar  tiie 
full  mid-dav  beam,  pur^ring  and  un>ea,hnir  her  iono-  ai;u-ed 
sight  at  the  fountain  itself  of  lieaveidy  radiance,  th.e  ^  -  ie 
noise  of  Lini>-»r<;>us  and  li'jckinir  birds,  with  th".---  ;.-.:->  >. 
\lie  twiiiidit,  wej*e  iiutri.^rin<i-  alxuir  amazed  at  what  she 
meant. 

N«>t  «»Td-.-  ■  V  ,'i^ii;ij[ri>  an«.l  otHeers  <.d'  State,  out  dii^nitar[e>  of 
literary  ai:  ;  domic  fame,  all  witii  aurlaeions  and  nio-i-kin^^ 
scorn  <>t.  and  insult  t<»,  the  theory  <d*  -^di'-^-uvernmeju  lyiijg 
at  th'c  '•■•:•■<•  f.  amdljttiun  -  d  A  niericuri  in-ritntions.  havi-  '.•••'•m? 
i<iTV':\.V'\  -v.-c.-anii-  to  koer*  h'-r  vcicr-d  and  •  •crv-  d  ' >y  \  <n;v  uc'ive 
and  prudcur  cc:;n-i.d-  a-  r.,  riic  \v\-'\'  .  ..cd  .^afcty  "i  ^  ucin 
enti'ustini:  riiU  adnna; - : fcrit -n  <-\  cidid--  :c'  'Cc  dc:,  'o 

which  aloiip  it  of  riu-hr  i..eioii;j:s.  i  i.  d  .-'dc  d-  atid  c^-c.i'd  ^- 
sioiis  have  cijme,  sonie  ni  di^irid-ic  ^'[iridv,  te  a>'.acT;dn 

how- much  of  terrible,  thongu  Vu-.-.        d  danger  of  'a  r./i:_2j 


38 


oppression  and  violence  ("luTe  itjiglit  Iht  in  If/avintr  lier  tr>  the 
equcil  exercise  of  constitiuional  iit.:;l!ts.     All  siicli 
and  apprehensions  are  as  ii       '  .    as  tliey  are  <rrarnit"ii^ — 
they  are  fruits  of  the  unfor-         ■  ■  invu-hin'.-  '>■>'  hatred"  by 
wliich  s<;  many  liave  been  pervc^rri'- 1,  :  to  all.  it 

i>  known  to  lis,  that  the  standi! i--!-'-       uAiunv.  icMi.  dntv, 
Jice,  gener-nn  rH;^;inl   fi^r     .:'     ■ ,.  M'hich,  si:t  u]>  !»v 
^    .     ::iansof  old,  hav-  been  h;i;<<h;  ;  ■         '•  -  ^';jdr ■ - 
'.vj!   :..>r.  can  not,  be  lower'.-]     y  T  ; 

ntj\'er  -'.^  :   r-  .-:  ^vhar  lii-;."  ftwe   to  t:iv;!:;,--i\-e-,  u>  their  iin-rii- 
riirni.  r.,  rheir  •..•bli-xaiiuns  to  tlie  past.     Sa-'-r .d.  r--.  them 
thr^'^'jii  ub  rime   mnsr  be  ;i  pecuHar  ph.'dLr':'  l'  ■ 
r  ■  ^r:tte  vvhi).-*.^  ^Mfu.^-:   diev  bt^tr  !iiU.-t  lia-eK'  iay  bown, 

which  site  cann^H,  a  tiv>rv  r:;'/  -at me  for  \vhi(d:  .-evon  i  .-re "tan 
eino-  ''M  conteir  "  '  ab■a'^'  bcine"  th.(}  in:. '  a 
]>eei.v--  -aa     I  ree^  :  ■  .:i;jMn.  emphatic  ^voT'Is  m;:.. 

wh'-c  mi'-e  -nd  lofty  n.am'-  (  arolina  (*an  never  »;iu  dislionour 
bv  >C'.".-.  -  ^  'Uiy  act  ad  .d:  i;..e.  Xear  this  spot,  in  yonder 
ancient  church  yard,  rep'.)~e  the  remains  of  a  native  the 
State,  reared  on  htjr  sadb  and  drawiiiir  irom  her  atmo;s]>iiere 
the  :/a-i:ir)iis  that  animated  a  (diaracter  which  in  turn  con- 
ferred i.>Ti  I\er  immortal  distinction — a  character  whose  vrliite- 
ness.  like  that  of  tlie  rin-^r.otted  siiow.  ijut  shines  fortli  w[rh 
more  iia/zibi,--  lustre  from  increase  of  liirht  upon  it,  <  )ver 
those  "li'iba'wed  reiii] nos''  rise  no  "jdlcd  stones  nor  starry 
poiiitiiiir  pyramid'"'-" — a  name  tlie  only  epit;iph — 

Dear  son  of  memory,  yreat  heir  ol'  fame, 
Thou  in  our  wond-r  and  astoiush7u».-iit 
■  Hast  huilt  thyself  a  livf^-lojij?  i»i«:»T:nuv-nt. 

And  st'>  sepnichr'*!  la  a:a.  a  ]w>itip  di-st  lie. 
That  Kiiig-s  U:V  S'lal.;.  a  r  -no*  av.  .ulu  \vish  to  die. 

To  yonder  jzrave  of  Calhoun  I  led  thu  mal'LTTior'  >j'm.  -uid 
'shrink  abash^'d  at  tee  wnrds  of  him  wie>.  iho-r.u'h  d-,./;.  •■-.r 


Shiorr  al)Ove  was  written,  a.  monument  has  bee)j  C'recte'l 
spot,  by  the  Srat«. 


39 


sneaks;  words  wliieh.  altlinuicii  referrinp:  oriLiinally  to  pa 
mvnt  of  just  aii'l  liOTie^t. debts,  Jipply  to  all  luatters  whii 
touch  the  honour  of  the  State.  "South  (  Vimlina,  i.s  in  <!el 
I  pleil<i-e  iny^elf  that  she  will  pay  every  dollar  zhai  shu  <)Vv-e 
rr  -'r  Shouul  1  be  bv  possibilitj'  mistaken,  should  >h 
tarnish   her  unsullied  honour,  i  which  I  ht; 

inii)ossiblei  deep  as  is  my  devotion  to  lier.  aiiil  inotiier  as  si 
is  ID  me.  I  would  disown  her." 

Airain.  I  p  >int  to  the  Iii-t'^rical  reniiiii-i  i'^^-^'-  wide 


jied  us,   as   ^  =  ;  :         ;;-^"I'm:  to  whii 


CKperienee  and  r'l  ./  :   -  "    ■      : :  ■  ^I'tanrc 

have  i^oen  accUttoiG-:. i   I'j  i-;.-:        r:;j         ;':al  in^uruiy.^ 
under  wiiich  we  have  hved       rax-omo-. •.  >i^:.v  produetivo 
liberty.     Bat  earetu;  ob--:''.---^>  ;'.u  nrn-':  f-^i rhe  nr-Kn-.'W 
,:.nr  rbat,  wha":' "         '  '^^  ■       '-^  ^b-  ■ 

tb.il.  ^'.•i..;l:ever  of  ;      ■    Lie:.- . 

iu-titutions.  f'>uii;lo']  as  tbev  .  i!  '-b,-  t:  '':*ry  tliat  Ee]ai 

liean  government  is  one  »;f  i.a-n.  i-  really  ou-  * 

tal>le  to  a  cause  b^--  -i![ierricial.     i  juean  ib;at  reverenc:' 
law.  ennc^oii  aC'-'n-din j:  to  the  rrnst  Te;>'t^H{l  in  the  \;xw-i:\\\^ 
wli!'.-.. .  •  a n.u'  in  an  eidiuir     -b  >:-n>c  >.»r  the  necessity 

such  reverence  to  the  very  existence  of  i-ational  libert 
]>ecanie  in  the  better  days  of  the  Republic  b>y  strena'' b 
habit,  a  second  nature.     Reverence  for  law- — this  is  the  v-- 
discipline  wliich  fits  men  for  'Rep'n.bii'..'an  institutions:  it 
the  very  corner-stone  of  the  superstructure.     One  of  t; 
definitions  of  civil  liberty  makes  it  to  consist  not  so  ruucb. 
actual  exempti-)ii  from  wrf^miful  and  i'ppre.>sive  lav\-s  .c; 
acts,  as  in  security  from  danger  of  such. 

Civil  liberty  then  is  really  irono  wj-ienever  such  law  or  a 
bec(.»mes  pn^xihle,  whether  exi^tino"  '^r  iiot.  This  has  i:,a 
illur^trated  by  a  standard  author  by  ref^reia^e  to  tlie  A'  t 
Lbirliameut  under  Ileia-y  X'lll,  which  gave  to  tli-j 
Ih'oclamation  the  authority  of  br\ .  Tbaractwas  a  snrrciid 
ot  the  liberties  of  the  Ximrd<>m.  wlierber  .;-r  no  anv  <h., 
[■■roclamatioQ  had  ever  been    issued,   hecauie  tlie  seen r I 


40 


iifraiust  tyranny  \^'as  o-one.     Sr>  in  tiiis  i:-ouRtry  ir 
our  sad  experience  that  it  the  -eourify  isr'r.r'ied  by 
law  ue  ot'STr-'ved.  then  HepiiblicrLn  irovtM-.uiisMir  ■ 
name  uiider  \vliich.  as  under  rh-r  ••ry  ii-i-lr.  :., 

abuses  and  wrongs  may  he  ;  v  ,  .  The  n.  i  - 

"  where  there  is  no  hn-\      Uij  rrt.-." ;:.':.u  " '  rn^ 
;i  •;;  i::.v/.     Xo  lu--  rrne  i-  '^!'>Vi  rh\" 

tl'ri;  i-':,-;iv    h>]<    h^?r    !;-'^;-<\  i 

JiM  -iTi;      '       ■     '    i:,-       ■  .         .  ■ ,  ~  ; . 

■-.:'.-h::  r;M.-.    c^"(;''v    p^irlirjc   or  fj'e'.Mir>!n 

r^  ;■'     ■     '     ^  -    .  tjl    law,   ^o  thllt    hv     h  ■  ^: 

.  ■  .  .;:i-uro(l  the  .uu'jiint  v-.  ; 

eno  i'/'i^^- (' )Mi|>i>;'e  -!M-r;rii:i''tu        "wil]  for  <>r.i»'r 
-r  d:i':v/'     Free  i^''>^'»vrn tnen.r  i.i  hnr  ;i  '-.^ 


Other.     The  want  of  revei-eiice  for  law  si»rii>id'.-  fr 
uneea.dnj   eoiitost    between    rh.ose.     In   '-rder  to  r- 
them,  t'le  plan  of  consritiitional  liiiiirariuii^  has  been  ' 
whereby  certain  p->wer-  and  aetions  are  excepted 
cMiifrol       T!i<-  1        ;-iLch(jrides,  anc]  ichc  to  in 

exercise:  ^vhlic  tiie  re?t  remain  "under  the  coutrtjl 
community  ex  '  ■       1  accordins'  to  hiw    But  these  *• 
tional  Hinitat.^;.-     /conie  irksome  when  they  ub^^r; 
will  of  a  majority,  and  when  respect  for  tliem  <.'ea- 
that  will  l>ecomes  a  "vu]i;ar  tyranny,'"  trampbnir 
inijependeiK^e  of  tiioUL^ht  and  action,  and  on  the  >:cdc 
which  deserves  the  name,  the  freedom  to  f<'lh.>'v  ■ 
amb  scorn  the  wrong.     Compare  our  last  decade  wi:h 
l-eriod-^,     AVhteice    (h-orLranized    industry.  d[-aJ;;o 
justice,   ^rovernmcnt  h>di:-cd  in  iTieompetent  hands, 
rule  in  lieu  of  (uvii  V    Ha-  ui»t  tliat  winch  to-hw  ^v,. 

tion  of  law,  become  aeriial  htvr  to-niorr^.'-.v  r-  abu-c- 

shoeked  at  lirst,  afterss'^irds  ■^':arceiy  ])ro\':a.dnn'  p-mar 
Parchments  and  pap(a'  coiisrirnUons  are  i>ui"tii 
and  paraphernalia  ut"  liberty,  its  holiday  suit  in  time- 


41 


and  quiet.''  For,  "when  the  evi]  liav  cnmos/'  wii'ji;  the 
invasions  of  eovetonsiioss  or  of  anihitii^n  l>eij:in.  V)  widr,  1 
re|- i''.  iHider  institutions  which  \ r*.  -  ■  the  principle 
of  torce.  can  the  appeal  he  lua^ic  ■<■<■- for  ;i.n 

estal)ii>hed  rale  of  acdon.  upon  the  >iicce£s  of  vvnir:.  ^  .-il 
ile])eads  tlie  coati nuance  <»f  the  fre<.'d.>ni  ch.'i]ae*l  ; iie 

f"^:'-  'r;  It  WaS  t: . '      -  \\\]:s]itQn('''    ^    ^  --f 

,.     .    ■  ;  _  -    ■        t];*;-    ijc-.p;"        SL-arii   *  . 

V  -'^    .,     ■  .  H!S  L'f  hi\r  cUid  ^Svu-' i<-i:i>\]. 

or'         -  ,  :     :■        iJHlTy.      Aiiil  thi-       h        r:       r  \  i  =  :V^;'.  r^:-!?* 

ro'i'    '  _;''veri'i!ient  and  the  w'l;  ,  -;:;;r!i 

t^-  •[  fr-r  tiieiri  a-  tliev  were  received  fro. a  oar  r  u;::'rs. 

Aad  v^.  v;^■:; M  ;hij-  riiito,  fr<--  .„;. :\-Ci"uaiO:ut  ua-ic!'  K^.o-ao- 

hecLa-L- ihv  :  ■C'.a,':^/- O:      .•^c;ire^  ^hah  i.,,o '.■  a  I 

rliat  l'>y:ilty  to  cliar  cau-e  wiucli  is  cvur  on  liicir  tlie 
caa-e  nt  freedom,  is  irreconcilid)!e  wirii  disloyalty  to  <  '  ''..-ai- 
tution^  aial  iaws  in  whicii  our  forefathers  embodied  -  .  -  o.  o:> 
and  ]>rinci pies  derived  from  the  ancient  "rules  and  -ii  o  aa^ 
of  (jlvai  aj'taty,  handed  down"  as  precious  heirloonis,  from 
the  eariv  history  of  our  race. 


APPENDIX. 


Since  the  deliveiw  of  ciie  forei(oin*j^  address,  a 
appeared,  entitled,  ' ' Tlie  Life  and  Letters  >■>:   ^  ;<>,.rp^  <  'id" a, 
hy  Henry  (.'a hot  Lorlire.        ]>otli  tlic-.c  w:li  : reoo_L::a..:eo  as 
names  of  citizens  of  A[a>sachusetts.     The  autftor  is  p-t'ofn-e  in 
hi.  ..f  d:e   rcso-a;    Partv  <,r  the  early  dy-.  -  , 

Ivvia;;  ;:        ir  is  hut  ji^r^t  to  add.  that  lit;  ai>o  ael^n- 
many  of  their  faults  and  errors     But  whenever  the   \     -  -  a- 
can  party  is  referre<i  to,  the  welhknovvn  bias  '.'f  T;a'  .sow 


4-3 


EiiL^iarid  mind  stroiiLdv  asserts  itseif.  For  tliis  party,  or  for 
tlio  i^^oiitii,  there  art.'  no  iro^Hi  word-.  ^[y  present'  purp-xe  in 
referriuir  lo  thk  book  i:^  to  notice  the  i^idv"-'' 
proofs  it  furnishes  of  the  existence  of  a  . 
disunion  in  t]\e  North  cilbided  to  in  r::  -  :i  i 
dravv  attention  to  the 
certain  politi    '  '  '  ■     '  : 

and  her  actio,:      .  >         ^    ,  .  , 


and  eiirnp!ete 
re  scheme  of 

anri,  h'--;  to 
■    ■      ■  -d 


:;!!(•' I 


:ipr'li<:arioPi  of 


■;'f-  T'-'IU' 
;!:'0  ■: 


'1 

■h  i^i.-';,:.-  ,, 

i)e  ii:  rc!,_ 
-rd  ()t  di^.-ii,^- 
.'f  The  ,'f'//'/  to 


:0  ^  "       "        ,  ^  ■ .        Th-.  :  ^ ' :  ^  V         i  : 

I';-..  ;  ^  .  .  -'i'  fraiVvl  and  dl-::K'^^^!  tiio  ] 

of  ^[/  .h-i:'ers>>fds  aduiinistrn tion.  lie  was  l>y  no  mean- 
]'il':.'J  :     r.^'.-;..:  f  -  ^  ~.-;>:o-aTir.:;  .d  rh'-  T 

v.  :f  ■    '  ,  .  -■  ■  a;-<      ■  i.-io;i.d,  ( 

i  ^-   ^   ^  ,  -  ^    ■  — •■      ■   i^^rrii  'in  detail 

i^^-      '  "  ; .:  ri.-v'e  i--  iio 

,  '  -  d  ii  O'i  tht:   ;>art  ut  any  one, 

:  >' ■^.v.:->io!]    -was    a   matter  of    ^■''["-o ^ '  h'-'i  <^>h:.\\'. 

.X(,>'.T  wh V  should  an  act  Mdiich  then  was  one  of  eKvedienoe 
',>;dy.  '  i'  r;u:  ^.^w-y.^,  /.  later  timos.  umie]"  the  ^amu 

(d^n.-ruuri' th.e  dark  iine  of  rroas->n  or  re'-onfai-y  ^lore- 
over  arr'ear.s  that  the  very  cause  vhicii  Mr.  Caoor  reLrarocd 
as  f'la':  -■  .  oTouiid  laa-  separation,  and  of  nature  t"->  reci  ier 
it  pra.-r:;  ::  -Lc.  \r  db-  ionise  athrmed  !)v  tlie  South  in  Jsdo- 
hi  to  ii,.,s-e  iutCi's-oiU'd.  In  a  h^cr^u-  !!at'-d  Id  February, 
3  >''>4,  ,  { -a ^-e  odi)  .Mr.  Caljot  v,- rites — '  "The  sul  ject  is  a? 
im  i^L'rraiit  a-  it  is  delicate,  and  is  as  oiteu  or-eii^ied  ui  v  rht>ULrhts. 
Ail  the  evils  yoii  th.fseribe  idinder  t'e-  i^overnnient!  and  aaiuv 
iri'U'e  are  to  i>e  appreiiended:  but  I  irre;;,tly  tear  rjnt  a  -a>a- 
rati!_>n  would  be  no  remedy,  because  the  souree  of  tiieni  i-  \u 
the  political  theorie-  of  our  couurrv  and  in  on. i-sel vr-s.  A 
S:-o;.v      ri;  :.::r''-o  \-        ■■,  u\.<\  .a'-aiablv  take 

]''■■■       '  thi-  -auie   tima  rh:tt  1  Cv-  nor  .  k;^-i  :i 

-':>a  a  ai  at  tiu-  nioiuent,  \  add  that  it  i-  Jior  mead'/;!  k. 
^^'it!l^>ur  t[>e  intervenriou  of  s»Uiie  caii^e.  whieii  shouif!  i-,;  v-.^-v 


geiieraliy  felt  and  ^listinctlv  understoo*!,  as  clmrgeabie  to  tlie 
niiscoruitu't  of  our  Southern  inastLTs;  sucli  tor  example  as  a 
war  with  (irear  Britaiii  iiianifestiy  provoked  ])y  our  rulers." 

It  is  a  fair  inference  from  this,  that  ^Tr.  Cabot  considered 
separation  as  jmieticable  y /;•///<  the  inrrrv  ..■ntion  of  a  cause 
desert  >-  ■  'i-  Sn  .v      it  is  r];:,--     '        '  ■  -  :  >  - 

rated,  ilie  (;-••:  '   '    ^  ^^'ere  lulti-lled.  m 
word,  viz  :        ■ .    ■■■.•Inc!:  Northern  r  =  --m.    wk:  mav 

adctpt  his  lan2:u:iv;e  :V'  :  ;  j  iras  interven- 

tion of  a  t  :[■":  vi;r^"  L: r  .  M  \  iVi^  .''V  :x':'.  ■  ii- St  juthcr ;  -  ' 
and  di-'-i:  -^^^  ^  -      ^^  r/.  '  the  inN 

of  our  -r;^  'i--'.-,  •  _  !:;'ne 

do  I  hiOLi't.'  rii.ee,  '       _      ^'  'M  ■      :'".e  ::';-^Avrot   tii-:-  >  •'•'!). 


Ji',    L.:_'diZ'e  e 


.J  i<rue 


ir''  "  :.  -  -/r'Ai't  to  Oi-:T.niinM,te  !'er\vt:'Hii  the  ("-ase  ^^r  /::;i::^'a 
lie  a]>plaud-  and  ;•• .  and  tiiur  -.'f  Southern   men  in 

lSr>n.»U.  >o  as  to  vindiie^ue  the  former,  ■u\-\  con- 

demn the  i-tter.  Iv.-.  ;-y  r-.-ad-,r  mn.sr  oe  -truck  I > y  hi-  uerer 
failure:  •■ver  ■_>;-•  :a)..-r  fed  tltr-t  the  words  of  aj-pn -val  i-e 
utters  in  the  one  ca^e  apply  to  tlie  otlier.  For  tho 
delea-ared  to  the  (reneral  Governnieut,  and  those  reserv..-!  ■  w 
the  >:.ro-  \voie.  in  1^*-'*,  pi-eeisely  wiiat  rliuy  were  in  1^-";- 
ISld.  Vet  wlule  he  not  only  e\'<]ierates  from  blame,  hut 
extt^ils,  id-  herrtos,  lie  veutured,  Piiari-eodike'^  t:H3  sti'^ni;pizo 
similar  cuntuct  on  the  oarc  of  others  as  "blackest  rre.i-ou." 
There  is  but  one  ex]d;ination.  Tho  .Norch  from  ti:e  :-'OL:?n- 
nin^r  asr»ire.l  t*  the  control  of  the  j:-'>vernmeut,  an<i  to  a-lnuu- 
isrerinu"  it  accordiivj*  t^>  Northern  ideas.  Failing  in  r.::U.  r-'ie 
Lhuon-  iiadi  no  charms,  and  -ooiaMrion  wa.s  openly  .[»r< po*  •! 
by  tiie  dissatistied  as  the  natiH'rLl  and  riiihtial  resort.  "  •'i.^h*: 
-  ■  -  ^  '  :  M\\  (ybn--  hud  pi'-.a.  ':,n^-.-  e"  tl'O  duty  ^  n/ 
.Norcu  to  take  {■)o.->e.->it.>n  ot  the  ^:-v,  «M-e:,;rnr"  a>;d  r  • 
ister  it  accordinu*  to  Xorthern  opiiduas,  '■•■J.  tuv  1^.-  p. .  .--i 
of  the  dissolution  i.>f  the  I'nion  itseii,'  "     <  Lunt\  Peipn.  'P 


The  War,   p.  !     Dat  wlien  m  the  course  of  tiine  tn\> 

]«>ssessiuii  had  been  ac(|iiired,  arid  the  Xorth  was  aro'.viitg 
richer  and  richer  througli  the  high  tariifs  ijiipo^ed  on  the 
eouiitrv,  and  tlie  South  liiKling  the  goveriiinent  adioinistered 
wiciioiu.  regard  to  the  Constituti'")ii,  to  the  benefit  the 
2s<:>rr]i  .solelv,  and  to  lier  own  i-uin,  was  in  turn  ah<.>ut  to 
resort  to  the  same  ronjedy,  i 
dearest  thing  on  earth,  St::it(' 
oiiieit,''  and  se})arau      '  ^  ■  ' 

il-n  t'uit  the  rvadi-'  i;..iv  Idwi 
del''  me  !"  .  :  ^  '  '  - 

ix:  _  .  -irii  e.      1 1  a  ;    .  ,       .  ■  i 

tlie  ---;>.-:er^  of  i>t;(i-Ol. 

"Eat  u'i>rd   reiiri'ii-  l<; 


'ccame  ■  ■  word-  .  :   ■  • 
:  Mr.  L:.ruv". 


v,hich  h  :^ 


'ariun  as  the  h!. 


tiie 

■  lav 

■  'lie 
-ed 

!:osT 


thai  may  well  starch:  th'/  ! J'  ,;'ehfvr:.L i^>n 
ihiv'Vigi;    -TL'at  civii  w^vr  <>:        I  i. 

ed  to  eti'n-ider  the  inert-  niv:;ri).'ii  -jt  -cj 
trea-ou.     Tlie  men  wh.o  were  in-orninent  in.  1>'.'4:  reu-ardeci 
the  s*Jo  :       '  '  of  ziu:  ^'dLh  i' )  siku  ie^-iirsg.     It  was  a 

-iiui'ii:  ■  .uj  ■  ••■.-iMiiiv  tiiat  rliey  r-h*.>iud  vlv*  >o."  sThe  feelinLT^ 
of  the  >^:itii  had  become  in  1  ^**'h  I '_v  i-eas^n  of  its  treatment, 
what  we  are  here  told  were  th< -jf  th./  Xorth  in  .1><''4. ; 
"  Tjii-^y  had.  i!io>i  oi  tiiem  arrived  at  manhood  before  ufd^jn 
was  ever  though.t  of.  They  ria<l  ]>assed  tiirough  the  perirji] 
of  dis^ohitini]  under  the  Cont^^th  ra^-v.  Tliey  liad  formed  ^-iir 
present  Uiiioii  from  pure  mv-tiv:-  ,i  poliijy,  and  tiiey  r-'^-ar' :vM 
separation  in  exactly  tue  same  v, ay.  The  individuality  and 
se]>arate  exi-tence  vd  the  States  were  ijuite  a^  fairnliar  hi 
therrt  a>  tne  conception  of  union,  and  tiie  senthueni  of  nari-'n- 
alitv  at  rhar  time  was  stili  in  hr-  iiiiaii-'v.  Thev  had  !■  ■  .o 
iipoL'  die  I.  uion  when  it  wa<  formed  as  an  s-xpcrimcnt,  an«i 
they  continued  :>o  r^.  v-ifxrd  ir.  They  looked  upofi  it  a.-  aii 
arraiiLiement  which  ndght  or  miorlit  not  succeed,  iiut  wh<^-e 
main  reliance  was  a  mere  (juustion  of  poli(ty.     ^ur  was  thf- 


45 


feeliiiof  coufuied  t(»  any  sectioTi,  nor  to  aiiv  party.  It  had 
iesi^  srreii^rii  in  Xew  fhiirlaiid  tliaii  elsewlun-e,  arid  ihi.s  is 
wliat  irives  to  tliu  se])arati.st  movements  in  Xew  Enghmd  a 
peculiar  imporrance  and  siirniiicance. ' '  (If  this  be  true,  it 
OTilv  >trenortheriS  the  case  of  the  South.)  ''But  tiie  separatist 
feelini!-  wa<  universah  and.  broke  forth  at  various  periods 
before  in  all  parrs  of  the  coiiniry. "      X  -  iu  South 

Carolina.)    "The  Tninority  in  national  alL  u-.       c.-r  fVlt 
themselves  oppressed,  turned  instinetlvely  to  the  irovern- 
r,,  which  ■  .  aecustoiaed  to  look  for 

p.'OiecLiun  and  y.r^'''^:c:.  '±Ln-  all  parlies  ;\ud  all  leaders 
dnri]!!:*-  the  first  twciuy-iivc  years  of  our  ^'ovt-rnmenT,  %\']ien 
^!  and  as  tliev  lielieved,  oppressed,  looked  naturally 

t'^  T'.-'i"  '^-'i-^   ■  '  "id  were   •         -  take  the 

^■r..und    .  -  :  .-nd        -  -  he 

wise  to   '  ..  .  ,         -.a.     >'-\m\.i'c-         -  -  :-_'U 

therefore  were  treated  and  discussed  as  any  extreine.  but 
uevert'i'^'->>  ]5^jrfect!y  eonci^iv;- 11^,  < . iip-ri^ ui  -  -f  more  •H)a<-y 
would  l»e.  The  i>:lT^^  .  .t:n;T-: f ;'^;r  v.iv  \\,  wLi'-k  u.en 
S(n-e:'^v-iive  year-        .  .lifKU  d,-  rvi  rj.Mtauc- ^Airl  ^ii.sld- 

of  a  disM  .liiri'ui  of  the  Union,  wa«  as  natural  and 
proper,  as  it  is  for  us  t<"»  consider  th-.r  •!UrStic>n  no  lon<rer  an 
open  one.  To  ct>?idenin  them  for  tlie  cone  of  their  dji-cus- 
sions  <_)n  this  TU:tt-er  would  be  as  whollv  unjn^-t  and  uar;ja->ji^- 
al)le  as  it  always  is  to  brand  individuals  for  tlie  Li-eueral 
vpiid^^ns  of  any  past  a^re  and  society.  The  onlv  xww  hei'c, 
as  in  anv  siinib:^'-^  '"'-e,  n-n  to  trv  icen  bv  ;,u  au-^tra<:r  sran- 
dard  or  by  ri";  id:-';is  "f  po-tei'ity,  u?iril  tliev  nave  tir>r  b^ou 
jud.:Lred  accord inu-  t.;  tlie  -ciiidards  and  the  ideas  of  tlie  iiire  in- 
whi(di  th^/y  !i^-r<h  "     p]>.  -t^"'-!. 

3lr.  Lodire  in  tiiii>  attemptlnir  to  explain  or  exci;-t^  die 
early  secession  proclivities  of  Xew  Enii-land.  ^^a:^  d  •  -> 
seekinjx  some  escape  from  the  inconsistency  into  wid  •"•  -'  e 
has  fallen  l»y  maintaining  of  late  Cf.>ns<did:itio^;  .bicrb  d 
by  drawin^r  the  swonl  ag<iin.<t  secession.  Tr.o  unr.j..;p-  on  .ds 
part  i;?  very  feeble,  and  is  n.ot  in  accord  v/ich  rno  facts  <>i 


40 


historv.     The  I'tiio^i  was  not  then  spoken  of  a?  a  niaUer  of 
coif]  ].»••>! !.ry.     AVe  could  quote  from  uiauy  authorir-'— •  n> 
prove  this.     Every  one  will  rem*  \ !],<';■•    t-h-  :.!..-.t-Liico,  <  ^•."i. 
Wasliingtoa's  farewell  ai.I(lre>s.     IWs.  ir  wii.  i.r-  i-j.-t  <)■.;•,•;<.' 
priate  here  to  refer  to  the  fervent.  lv.'/-jv\'z-'  iv-  whi<-li 
chu<ett-  ,  :::ir;'0  tiie  Feder;ii  ri=!i-[i[a;  !■ ^-.Xijl  3(:'.:iif^\vl' 


>tare>,    n\   nie        .  .m:-    i'rt»\  i't.jiee,  -tu  uj-q^oi'irij-'n- 

'le!'  V   iv\'\  without'  or  .-iirpris'-.  .0' 

'M;rcri  =  .  :  .M  cx]>iic:r  r-p]  .-.>h;'i!in  «M..!!n-';-'--t  v.-iili  each  •■••■••r, 

hv  a>be-;-j  :.;  to  and  Y-a-.ii^-'v.w:  a  nev."  ( 'nri-iiiati^^n  ii!  ..r-!- 
f'.;riii  a  ill -J  re  perteet  T'nhKM.  cVc/*     Xo.  when  iSTew  )',;:.,;■ -uid 
tiiroatene^l  on  various  ■".•.•.■■.-!•  .a-  to  secede,  shr-  k-ne-.v  x\\:\x.  ir  - 


ri^].rs"  are  ■-.■'^.•O'-  !;-;d.;.ir  11;  M ^i>-,i.('h n-* -rr-.  a-  in  .Soiuli 
( 'arolii..: ,  .  .-a-.y  eaie  wii!  see  wl:o  will  reatj  tiie  proceedii!^- 
and  deh-it'.>  -jI  her  (Jon^'entii'iM  en  the  occasion  of  discu-sina* 
and  ratiivinLT  the  Federal  Consritution.  In  evidence  of  her 
jeai-ai-t'  .•;„  :i:i>  -nj>ject.  she  prop-vsed  in  these  words  what  is 
in  suh'sranee  riie  lt>th  Auiendnient  :  ''That  it  he  explicit iy 
declared  tiiat  all  powers  n..>t  expressly  d elepi ted  by  the  atVa-e- 
said  Constir-u-h>n,  are  reserved  to  the  several  States  to  he  by 
them  ex  .    'h-v  i.       .  -  . 

Mr.  Le-dge  would  excuse  his  forefathers  by  claimin«r  for 
them  judgment  aecordlTiL:  to"  the  ide.:i>  of  tneir  age,  hut  he 
implies  mat  they  ^.v-rre  wrrei<i- according  to  the  new  iigfiis, 
the  •  •  ideas  of  ]h.>*'..r->v/*  Thev  won  id.  we  are  sure,  return 
no-  thanlcs  iov  sort  \A  dctvrnce.  -hnli-'ed  by  tlieir  words 
and  :i<'t-  rhev  w  niihl  soera  d;o  i-deas  of  po-^teriry  reierrci  to. 
ihit  wr  w;-j-:  to  say  here  that  the-c  *  'ideas  of  posterir  " 
thoii^-h.  i         -  {  V.  {•::,  ]\  rhv  y  eoudueed  to  tlie  weairh  and 

power  of  I  heir  advocates.  : '.•;/.' e  not  altoj^.^rher  suj'er-eded  tlic 
old  on.es.  .N or  will  tii<_;v — triuh  beire^-  h/in-iofnu.  In  very 
late  times  -is  well  as  huii^  ago  the  X'or^.:-*  ra   p-eopie  '"have 


47 


li.x.kod  to  tlieir  States  for  protection''  au-j.ii ust  wliaa  vvms 

pieasiiitr  to  them.     Tui<.  vary  iiarura.!  .•md  in/r*. 

i>  heinous  sin  in  S- jiiri-oi'!!  :'i/a^;   :;.,r  i  . 

X^i-'^    :         - '  :   the  pa:*   ^'i    >"Uiii  CarolitiH  m,' 
■'M^liick  rreason^"  iMr.  Loa^v-V  :>!         .     1:^  Uie  :^ 

i:^  -^'ri  i]in.:ha       i   ...  .  '-v  i.u  div>ri-':  -M'.--;:i^M]  rc 

th^:-  -  '  •  i/a.:/-  Uri-Hi  of  tiie  AVar,   p.  :ii7,. 

in  (.th-r     ^    a  -  ■  ■        Act  ? 

l:'*jreii»it'  i  <  : ; ;  a  -  ■  aued  Staie^. — Ir  "i;i;-;k 
treason"  on  rhe  part  of  tlie  Sonth  to  re.sist  tlie  aianed  inva- 
sion of  aer  rerritorv.  ^Tiis  it  ^o,  aaieu  "dii  Ia.jl,  in 
l.M>ra;):u  -  iiMM)  f^^r-i'-a."  ■•■aa*aai  ulr  a  prlsL>ner  froia  - •  ^'aia.'d 
Sr;^rr--  «.'-airr  Eo-o.,  ^^■■•..li^^  in  ci'-aMiy  ot  the  vaf._  -;-  ■  .  t;:e 
Murslial.  and  to..«k  hu\i  l-ovond  tlie  jurisiiietion  of  the  Gov- 
eruni-aa  ?  " ' (Jr  M"a-  aa^^  j-n  Air,  a^/u-iuMfs  wor^is,  ■a;,:;n- 
fessin-'  r;ir  L,anii::irii;>ii-    ir  r:!,-  IdoiH^r  law  'i 

SeC'-^-ioa,  verv  reeearlr.  wed  as  " " se\-anty-dvt^  Years 
a^n."  <  1  id  n.a:  rana  t r-ea.><).n  Hcc-rdinii;  to  great  Xiaahern 

oracles :  i<)V  instance,  Tlie  Xew  Fork  Trihmie,  or«ran  of  rhe 
radical  winii'"  'd  riie  Iiej>nr»li<-an  party,  in  Afar-'h.  '^a]^ 
declared  tliat  the  SouciierTi  States  had  '  ai  j[n<>ral  ia„  :a  a  ^e'ei 
an  inde])eni]eut- nataa;. " '  In  Fehia^aaaa  I'^ol,  Air.  lXa;reit 
wrute  :  "To  expe^a  t«'  liold  dfteei^  States  ij;  r]ie  Una»n  by 
lurce  is  prepo^Tereiis.  " 

'We  Owe  niuca  tv>  ^[r.  Lodire  for  the  corroh'V- ration  h.<:-ha.s 
fnrnish.ed  e)f  facts  prevh-nsly  derived  from  others,  uc.d  wc 

tako  !v^;ive  <.>f  liinj  l>v  suvirtir  deit  we  ainii'.ot  f«.a"j:iv{-  hd  dvaai- 
si^teneios  in  our  rhanks  for  tno  stuuc  w»aal>  in  •v!'h-h  •••• 
unintentaaadly  a'/daai-  the  course  and   tli^  ])!»litie.-.i  :  a 

S.ya:!i  (/.iF; >;ie .  '.a..\    we  deuiaa^i    h^e    ^^  ;ed  h'.'  v-ee      a  r 
-ae'd  to  <>ur  State.     He  says,  le   hao  : 


LsiiU 


■1:8 


.•'This  I  will  ••say,  that  I  h'.^iionr  and  respect  those  Federal i-.-ts 
who,  i>elievini:-  as  they  did.  shrank  u<)t  fruiu  ^\•]vd■t  rJicy  eon- 
sMered  their  duty  to  i  :■   '•"..•h-  pa;--,-.  •.;.]] ;1  m  rh--n!' 

Se!''OS.       Tht'        ■•;  • r  :       '        ;  Vi 'nti:       ^rr•_>Vl/  J;:.-^^ 

tij       rh(.'ir  dii'-v  .  ,     ■  "  :m   ~;:'-ir  eye-,  ;jU'1  t]n;y  ;;i.cd 

not  fear  tlie  verdic-c  of  p--- 

"TT'-l:        i :!(■!•  :!'n':-  -r'    u  ei\'invar  still  ires!:  i;;  --ar 

meinor.:-^-,  -  >  r:-.^!)!  :'U',:hr  ih:i\.  -.ivmU;'- 

separatist   -    ■  \     i  ■  ..'r  ■  i  .^n^-  '.eo'i  ■  •! 

words  of  evil  omen.  ihit  lei:  u<  ii.'-T.'  tlierefur-.-.  i'jv-/ct  r,,-a 
Srare  ri'j-hrs  are  the  irreat  sufeprnanls  of  our  liberties.  Let 
US  ri'nifj-rf'u:-:'  ^^'ben  we  jud-^i;-  H'.'  TLir^"''"''J  ^ ^'ivei^ii. »i, .  r 
r^--!-r  <;ppres-!i>u  -  ■  .    ■     .    .  ■     ■   ;.:.b^-'^-  -':_c 

K  ,  ■  -     --^e.  V\'iiile  1^  is  ..wir  c[nr\-  vr\-~':. 

x\:  ']  ^M-..r<,'  r'  -r'n,  ir  L  ^■■:r    ^."v  rr>  _r::^;-f' 

Had  sueh  sentiirieut.--  prevailed  in  the  .>.ort'n  over  the  lust 
of  power,  in  l^f'O-ri],  ho^v  diifercnt  wijidd  have  ]>et'ii  the 
record  tor  the  last  idiv/te'^r.  vear-,  on.  the  pa^-e  of  liistory  ! 
''State  ri-Li-,  tlie  p're.it  .-af-  u-!i:),r«ls  of  our  liherties:**  "r<.->i<- 
u..ne»;  t-.'  •.•ppre>-ion  t;ie  ])e'"nn*ar  ir'-e's-  ot  the  English  ra-.-e:'* 
"duty  to  u'iiard  the  L:r-:e:  Anuio-^jixon  principle  of  loeal  self- 
<rover:jnn'n:' " — these  il-'v^',  buf;  iireirnant  phra-Cr-.  ein^'eei^e 
tiio  lii-iiM-y  >>1  the  Soiitiiern  iriovenieiit  of  1S^1U-^''1,  and  tally 
vindicate  it. 

Tlio-e  to  whom  it  tlius  appears  to  iia\'e  l)een  irive]!  to  see 
tlie  riirht  iust  as  the  Southern  people  saw  it.  are  estojeied 
from  pieabinir  diiferei;t  vio\v>  in  jn>tiheation  of  ^var.  To 
them,  trie  u-ru'ii-  of  the  obi  pr,>et  apply  : 

 ■ — \'ideo  laeliora,  proboque; 

Dert-riora  s«-M[U^'r  

well  transbi^e'l  hv  one  : 
"1  see  iuui  approve  th*'  R'u'ht,  y^r  knnwi-nf^lv  p-^irsn*-  the  Wrnng. *"  — 
( Treat  indeed  niiist  '-e  tlie  aju-oe-aie-e   wiib'b  in  tin..-  s :  ee 
breach  exalt-  one's  uwfi,  and  condenms  'Others  for  tin;  .-.u.ee 


19 


act.     To  repeat  what  we  have  wri.tron   el-ewKer'^ — . 

ihe  .:.iULe  ;  .y  t  he  S^-iirh,.  '.i-^' -  i 

self-protection*  the  cry  i-.  •  * T ! le  wiekei.i  iiave  drav;;;  ,>;:'•  the 

-u-o-'M,         have  heut  tijihr  hi>\v  t;.'  ~A-iy  siicii      he       "       .  : 

Mr.    h  Vi-,,-.   v,h^,M;..   -'11^  r^howeM    i.y  ai.-in-s 

from  a  -^"h:._';  j  ^/Tirirhrh,  •  ■  1  )ocarn,*j;i ;-i-it- 

(,t  r\r.:  •h-iini^>M  lhan-  ^^i"  ukoiv  r\'a/i/uhr-  at  rhe  NvJia'a 
of  the  ;ih vr.('ac';r  '">f  th'^-e  ph.:j;~  h\-  the  press,  hy  i^^xii  iu--r- 
iii^:-.  vvc.  The  t(;>diav:nv  aorived  froiii  t'.  y:.;  h-.,  :ne 
ua>re  vahuJiio.  hi-cau-e  <.Th!:a:'e  r'>  i^j  -^.v-^-;  .a-r-i'v.  e^a 
liierely  of  p'h'ii'/ai  i---  aa.-  .r  a-a^  r.  ' a  hci:-  ; . a- a  ^ 
now  0  few  pa->au'c>  from  hlr.  Adaaishs  pu!)[iaation. .  I)e^Virt 
(hintou,  in  -pea^h  la  j-^'^-a  -:a.'-  :  ' '  Ir  i<  pariia]  -  hai-vwi 
to  hilt  few,  thai"  law/  i>ro !^:^'.a h -iuenihornieni  oi  rih>  --aoi- 
t  ry  71  ot  a  now-l  piae.  aa..!ai)ra  out  of  the  recent  a  a,..:  -  ■ 
•:ah.:  /a  -  a  aa- ^  ■ a.  i  a'-a.i.a.L'J.  It  liu^  i?eeii  ch-a  i>a;^a 
hy  a  aiaai/er  <jf  individuaU  for  a  series  of  years."  i'p. 

Mr,  A'iaiiia  wihie  atapiittiiiLT  Mv.  Oris  of  deliheru-te  und 
detaruuned  ucsiiiMi  to  hi i shelve  the  L  nion,"  yet  adds  "ho  'aas 
i  in  pel  led  hy  tlio  toree  of  ])'^bnr  r^h//h'/i/'  p.  2m<T  Ayairi 
he  sav>— •  Tliat  a  ceceosion  from  the  Unaai  and  the  formariun 
.of  a  ne.w  .confederation  was  t!m  main  object  for  which  t.lie 
ITirtf<>rd  Conveririv-n  was  c(.m] v  eued.  was  iiideiu.!  far  i^-ire 
extensiva-ly  enrertaiaeii  than  hy  thi.)^e  wlio  th(.)!:i^io  -h  r  r\^^. 
time  for  a  ehaaire  was  at  hajjd.      '  It  C-.     . -  ....'-t 

amaaua-ed   fr.en  the  lasiiat  >*n  -i  dav  ur  s')iemn  fa>t  fm-  tiiC 
-o..d  ay  ra  :     ^  '.-v::  -'a        ^r,, .  .,.-hn:^ett^,  ia  >iaKa 

newsjiaper  a-.-ayr^  a;io  p  .,.';.;;,:   ■  -  a  a-      a  ^a.->  ot  year^/ "  Hat 
efi'.»!.iii:h  oil  tlus  topic,   thou^^-h   aaadi  more  iniL^dit  iic  a;iv».^a. 
4 


50 


In  Mr.  A<lajus*s  bonk  niav  also  be  I'oiiimI  tmineruii-  in-ooiV 
ihat  tile  political  ])riiK;i[)les  accepted  l,>y  Soiitli  ('aroii':  u  an<l 
acted  on  by  her.  were  orio-inaily  those  uf  a  hirge  and  rc-})ec:- 
abie  party  at  the  Xorth.  Thii^ — "to  those  who  tliink  that 
each  State  is  a  sovereij^u  judge,  not  only  <.>f  its  own.  rii^h ts, 
but  of  the  extent  of  powers  cf)i!i<M'  '  on  the  «  ^  ■ 
(Tuv-enmient  by  the  people  of  the  k'mi^  ■■[•■.  I  rik.n :  •  ' 
each  State,  givin<;  its  own  construction  to  the  :-"r\--[-  :.-  . 
powers  of  Congre^^.  may  ai'i-ay  ir.-  •  ■  v-\i>t 

every  aoi:  <'>t  thii"   '  ■■^  ■  .  .-riurir-         l  ''.'- 

powers — lu  say  o:        ;  '  ihar  i>-v 

ten  Years  from  1^14       ,  !<iinii- oi-^^'ln- 

^  .  .  ^    '-.uiiihjli         a    iiew  ('ui;r^'  '    :  ■ 

>  '  -  .'-',:n'L:'  tlMl!!  With  acting    .ip  t._^ 

•   1  :      .  :   .  Teur,yt  *'f  tlie  Hartfor<l  Con  • 

veuti'.»]i '  against  an  innnediate  dis-obniioii  of  the  TJnio]\  is  an 

ar-  •  -  ■  -  r.^  •■»;■!;!'•! ;^l<.:.  init  ':-f  exp;:< ;h':u-y.  Th-;';n--ju- 
nic;:::  -  v-  _l:.l^:y  cidi;:!--  ^^  :;r  a  severance  ui  tiie  Liiiv;!'  :y  '.Mit; 
or  more  States,  a-  ..'--:  ■  , wdl  of  the  ■  rest,  and  in  time  of 
war.         ;,e  ai-s^yiute  necessity ;  and  the  v.-lmiL- 

a;''::-^  v  J.  ,>f  tUf  J-i-l-.'cT  ''I.  tUiS  tOpic  IS  to  A\nW  that  tUH  pfo-d' 

i-rence  <:d  th!>  a]:>solute  necessity  was  not  yet  com- 
plete."    P]..  ■il^'.K 

Tr>  itie  foreu-oiriii"  I  add  the  testini'.>nv  of  another  citizen  of 
^ew  E-:ia-!ar.d.  Mr.  Idaine.  T'uited  vS tares  Senator  from 
^Laine.  On  a- recent  occa.-ien  in  rh'^  Sr;)^o"e.  {presently ion 
■oi  ii. statue  of  vrni-.-.-Kinu.  oir-t-*  rcr-*jnvyr  of  ."Maine,-»  Ik-  \ 
'^:\[a5^u■  oi-;--^-^  -v-,^-  .i.-e;d-  I'o.tile  to  tho  war  M-l:ioOr^a^  oo 
all  ii'  h-  r  ;--v;-r  f.)  ont!)-!!"!':—  it-  pT' v-ecution. ■ 
The  nuijonty  of  tiie  t'eople  of  aiame  ro^^.r^led  the  attin-oo  .d 
Massachusetts  toward  the  General  (-rovermnoiit  during  that 
strnggh  ..-rou  -hi;'  :.m-;>utHoii<*,  it  net  o-ea.>ona-ble.  iNa*- 
tici]")an<:y  in.  ciu'  [Larr-r-rd  Coe.ventit^r:,  or  any  svmpurliv  vini 

*  Cong.  Kecorth  Jan.  "J-i,  1*>78- 


Sl- 


its proceedings,  or  its  ?iiins,  Avas  ])olitical  death,  and  well  nJgii 
social  ostracism  to  any  uiaii  lii  V.  '  ■ 

'Mr.  jJawos,  of  Mass;; -\ ^   >         Senator  ttjil  us 

wbeu  and  where  Mas>>.  -  ••.  S  -.a;,  ever  made  an 

UQpatriocic  record,  either  in  Ti^e  war  n|  l^^!  :.',  >  r  in  the  t/l^iur 
war  of  the  Revolution,  or  in  .-.  '  -       '       '  ? 

There  have  been  indiviauals         ■  >•  ••      •  -     •  -/e 

been  in  Maine,  wlio  have  n^r  '•  '  if  ■  . •'  ;i- 

setrs  ever  made  an  uv  ■      i:  -':  r-^M^ii-"  ; 

Maine,  h-;  ^v!.^:''-'-^--  l:>  -h  nii'i  r.;::  ■       "     ■  ■ 

A[r.   Ihainc—-!         '  v^-i.      [    'v--  ;        .  ...v  :;d 

here.  Mas-aehu->i-rr  •  ,  .  ..-..-d  to  |.h.s.<.  ;uk1  fable*!  a  resoiih'-.'n 
riia.idvii]--  -..r-'j  of  her  own  nav:d  rtfiicers  for  a  victorv.  *.:-.';-.:;-e 
ii.  ^-jiavd  ii:  ,12)  inijust  v.'iir.  She  refused  to  than::  'he 
ad!!iir;i;>;i:'       ;  r  ;  , iTi'iiiMndi  r  ^-f  die  IL^tc  for  •■'-;dnif 

the  Brv^.-'.i   .  :  ^         TluU  sr.,.,  ; -.       \  'Vii 

legi>'. ;;ari!;h^.  h  ^-  -  r  :he  record.     I  can  icivv.-  v.,u 

niorr  ;;:.h  --rawi"  1:.  ^  '.:'.^[\  -'T        h:---:.     And  ^-1'  a 

Seciator  fronOiass-ir,  :-  '  ,  ~  -^-o  k-t..-  and  piereial  mat 
Stare  did  n>;>t  !)ri^rle       ■  ■ -r  ^\'iib  uiipai;ri(>r;,.  rec'n't]:>,  g^ 

:;  ■  -  e;:^;^  h'  "r-\i>oii.  and,  in  rhe  updu'^ai  (,/f  ^^■^jr.*:' 
pau-i'.>r>  <.'f  thui  day.  -  ■  •  '  ■■j^  « )ne  point  b<-y.  mi.l  ir.  i~  b.  e^ 
of  br.i\'ery  wiii<;ii  ir  ^\  i ......  .i;ive  been  .v/ell  t'.-  >h-.:-w  in 

to  let  her  soldiers  inarcli  beyou'i  tlie  b-  ^-s  of  her  -.-wn 

State,  and  re:n-ed  ]>!>ie redly  to  the  (...reneriil  Government  to 
res»M>nd  to  e-dl  t'T  ner  troops.  It  was  volnnteer-  tr-an 
^i;dne  that  a;  ;^  .  ..:  I  ■if-y-nid  tae  iiuu  lidaries  ;.![  ?'iu-.^;baa^  L^-^'r^. 
Tlie  miiitia  that,  wero  nnder  the  coiitrol  <d'  yonr  f .  i  .  ,  . -r 
reiiiMjd  to  and  were  not  permitted  to  g..>.  Tin.;-;:  is 
anotiier  rec-jrii  for  you/' 

[.eaving  the  e<>arr"V..-r-y  afi-'Ht  the  troops  to  tliese.  -ou^  ...f 

m-iwy  of  rbv^    -'^  -  ;      -  —    ; .  !  ii-pin  i!/'-.  •> 

tbi-  :     'ria3  "'  :  ,    :  ;        /  '  .  i  :  T ;  i  f  i  ^^i ; ,     '  • 

'ted  irotii  I  lie  pre;iirii>b*  to  tbu  soa.'na  ;i.no  i.a-e..  •. 


52 


act  of  assent  and  ratitieation  of  the  ('.'oiiveiition.  of  ^f;';^- ivim- 
setrs,  ill  l7>8,Vvas  precisely  :  .  ■  i; i '     in  I  ^'--l  ■ ; i  .*». 

'  ■  '  \.    wfT'j  ilu:      ai.-iiiuri';--     -  ^    •  < > i:'  the 

>r.i'c-  i';  ;;;.».  ;a-c  hieiiLioncd  jH-rioa,  wcr*.-  v;:^-.  /-  •  iu  the 
rirsr  jueiirK.niei.1.  Wo  liave  seen  the  <l-.r-rri':-<  nn-i  nru^rice, 
nut  only  of  parties,  but  of  Le^islatiir;  -  :       •  :    •••  -  : 


C(.?r   ■ .    i.      L. •  tiiee  tlic 


U  E  M  0  1  R 


OF 


,  CIIRISTOrBER  GAD^. 

By    PiiOF.    F.    A.  roi^ClIER. 


As  i  ;v;:->  rh"  history  ot  S(.>nt]i  ( '"ir'_>li!i;i.  ivi'l  th/- 

iilustrP'ii-  ni<:M:_  , i.'prs,  hut  still  iii'Tc  ^//iio-^e 

luade  luj!'  'v;];;r  >]ip  Avas,  I  have  ahra\'s  reira-rded  ( d!ri^i'v>[>l]er 

^-d~;         ijVi':  nt    F'ii/  n^ddoJ^t  ol"    tdiitt  "H^'iMe  ?);it;d.        tli-  ^F.-' 

■d.;  >c  a*:i  '  in: lie  \\ijij-i!  u'ere  h->\i^  i";iiij-hr  d>  delieve  <;•' :.i]";ie- 
ik'vizv'l  r!:-.'  aiK-itiiir-  Si^a.?-!;:;]!.  teivtperedl  i>y  the  Diild  iiriiticueeK 
of  the  ui'^ieni  ('iiri-tiau.  lie  w;h,  ]'eriaip^.  whar  id  r.nr 
ilegeiierare  davs  w^idd  i^^^  C'dled  an  iiupraedeabie  ti:;'t 
i>,  a  iruui  wluj  er,id<j  lu'i  i'did  from  the  dictate  of  priiw-y,;;; 
to  that  '.<f  jiMiiey ;  and  e',»ul<l,  tlierefore.  be  neither  ii  >;] 
])artv  leader,  nor  even  a  good  ]>arcy  man.  lie  folioved 
alway-  the  iiui'julse  <d  ineorruptlhle  lio;i--ry.  and  w.-.-  '■dc- 
iaiper-^'iviiiv)!!,  of  tlu'  ja'j-t  -exalted  ehisaury.  Fe;-ir  u.wl  Irvor 
were  alike  foreign  to  iii.s  nature.  He  respected  hi  nisei  id  and 
revereii'.'cd  !ii-  Oeator.  Duty  l^ad  n*^  niere  <dtedier!t  ioi- 
I'jwer;  rrutli  no  nn.>rt;  devoted  servant.  Kivtiiusi;i,>tir  uxea  to 
ra-drio~<  in  ilie  c;iiise  »(  American  I nder^'Vidijnrc  Idr-  ;-;iy..;.- 
ei'V.!.-^  d-art  heat  as  k'-t/idv  fur  tiie  \vro7)iiS  x't  Mas^.trdm ^  ;}> 
>r  tlie  insults  to  ^  ■•ir-.diiui.  He  served  Ids  whole  conurry 
^^'dn  wdiMe  li-eev^  ^vhen  hediei;d  and  his  renviv.-  -re 
'■^-av^;'- rr-.]  r,j  tiit;  k.  Lvwiiu'  '>f  hi<  niorhor  earttn  du'  -  -^■i-d 
iLida'^'-t  I'v^^aT  T. I ! :it  e^^vT  l^;^ia'  wirii  l.ive  dvdi^ 
v-^ viJiLi'v virnie^.  -.f  d[-n  av  \vddu'--iiiL;'  tiie  otitr:i.i;-L'-  ■.■jiitdi 
were  liciiy-ed  ap'ja  ei^';  dc\-)L^-d  do-:vi;, 

^[ore  tlian  seventy  y^^ars  iiave  p;i,r;.-t'd.  -iaiee  he  was  rvan.>\"'.^i 


from  tlie  sig-lit  of  man,  and  few  ifieni'M-ifils  .ire  left  t.u  recnrd 
hi.^  acts.  A  jiieaorre  account  of  hi.-^  life  i.-  to  l)e  fijund  in  tlie 
cha[>ter  of  biographical  notices  in  luun-,  iiistory  of  South 
Carolina,  and  tradition  has  preserved  a  iv-'v  anecdotes.  In 
essayino:  at  this  time  to  trace  the  lustory  of  hi>  lite.  I  eann<,'t 
pronnse  to  add  anything'  new.  I  can  inc^ri-Tiue  into  the 
memoir  some  '>f  the  :i]U'C'i<):i:-,       '!  '  ^  -  iias 

put' me  in  )-,-^--:do]!  t/i  soifv-  .  : 

()nr  a  tra;)-'v   ■   :::.'hr  a  :    .     :..  . 

in  '  ■ '  V'':  .li.il  Year  nicti  -.cyi  re  .--.^j^- ,<  ■ 

prai^c.  .-^f  .'..i^,-     -  ^ 

selc  ^     ■  -\^^-:   ■    .  /    '  \    ■  ■  •  ■  -  -.     ^    ■  -         si;'^  : ^' 

Sociotv  this  eontrihi;ri<.>M  ;:'-^^r'.''  ^      r  '^r  ■ 

Hi.  fac.  .  -  i!:  ^..i-:  '  ;--l.;~.len.  ;i  hie;r,-r;:u]t  in  the  '^-val 
^Xavy,  and  riu;  ■         -■•r  for        p'-r^      i.^i.^-/ ' 

sSenc  to  Enirlaiivl  tor  insu'acrion,  lie   vee'dvedi  :i 
education,   to  which  he  snhseo nentlv  ad..le<l  a  knowle-lu'.- 
some  or  rh-.,  uilenrai  tonira*-.     A.ena-i;i:i^  ti'uiii   EnizvUi^:  ;  -  a 
pa>>t'nii-er  un  la^ard  a  King's  shi[).  the  purser  died,  a'ld  Mi'. 
G;i.ds(ien  was  appointed  to  t;du  Jds  place,  and   e"'U-;;:  - 
hold  it  for  ai>ou.t  two  years.     lie  r.hen  left  the  servie--.  ■-■■A 
devoteii  himself  to  mercautile   life,  which  he  followed  ■■.rit'. 
great  success  in  (..-iiarlestou.     Like  many  otlier  mercli-'aiL-  of 
this  time  and  ]dace,  he  was  alsr?  cnLr;i2:ed  in  ciie  (jccn]>..:'  ■   ■  '" 
a  planter.     It  was  whilst  engaireU  in  tiie-e  pursuits,  z\  ..: 
constructed  the  wliarf  widcii  still  i.^furs  ius  n;ou-.     This  kind 
of  arcliirecrure  >eems  to  have  }•> leased  him,  nnd  to  have  •■.d'-d 
out  his  mechanieal  p- »wers.     In  1  T7d;,  wlie;-  <  rov..  f.ee  i?;-' 
on  the  uecessitv  of  having  a  oridge  from  >!ud_v;]n"s  Isi-  ^- 
Ihiddroi!'-^   [^d?i^,  so  as  to  furiush  an  e-'-aoe  f^-r  tlie  tr-*  ^j:^ 
under  M"ultrie  and  Thoms-.>n  in  case  of  :i^~;;-c-r.  M'\  !":d-- 
dcn.   t!i'm  Colonel  (radsd  ^-oinmand  ^-r  d  \ 

underto.dc  the  work,  and  !:  ^        ■    'Wn  ri-nni^:'  -  -.n  d  n;-  . 
money,  in  a  very  few  day-,  <'oi,'ir-,;^.ted  cin;  d;.  -d'vd  >.;.ed.c. 


ill  17.">0,  vrliou  Governor  Lvttleton  iiiude  his  (^xpedirioii 
airairist  the  CJierokee-,  there  was  not  a  v^iiinflc  iield  piece 
iii-juiired  in  all  Carolina.  Ylv.  Gadsdeji,  Vvdio  \ras  a  iiie]iii>er 
of  the  Legislature,  obtain et I  rh"  r-  -^v.-v^  •  ■  '  :  f;>r  raiM/iir 
a  C'.)>ii'^-;r.'.'  <'*l  arKllerv.     lie  ■■  ;':ij'r;;'!i  !.i 

till-'--    :       .        ;Lt  the  head  1',  '  ■     ■  : 

into  the  Indian  territory.  This  \r:is  th-.-  -  J'  jifter 
many  changes  and  enlarge'  .'■  .i-'.\aft.i.-  knuwn  as 

the  Ancient  Battalion  of    \      ,  -  . 

It  is  vrell  kn;?^\-  .  .     unvri-^e  -'-n-'n.;:       i  y r-v-'-^r^v 


Kbl.    :.        //    ,     ;  ■  •.  ■      :  ,/  ' 

Oranr,  M-h         -  . 

ti^'^^j!'-^,    ■li'ii'-d    i  ^  C:i!''^ii;Ki  :  ^  ■       ■  - 

.Middlep>n.  e;te"riTxHv  -;-'<d!ie!l  tl^e  turi'iileut  (,  I'-i- -Ke',-.  n:^'- 
;i"a.\-e  pv^u'i'  >  ' ,  ■  ■  s:!'y.  I  am  liut  •  r  ''Ud  Jvir.  <  T;;.i  — 
vh/'i'--  :  ;u ■  !  -^k^'ers  of  this  c'::'!_-.:L:oij.  inCoi^'Mik 
Mi':         .  -  <uhMrdi  •■Vf.'ro  M'miJ  trie,   Maris'ii  and  Iknck- 

ney.  -r-v..  '^frer-.'.^t.rds  •li-tinguished  thein-elves  in  die  war  of 
tlie  lievi..: uritni.  It  is  iii>>r'-  th^ir  lk:..-;y  rh.-;'  d^e  aniliery 
com] .'any  '.ras  then  under  the  C'ltiMan-.l  •■t  its  r  o-^der. 

C)n  a  careful  revision  of  the  his-ory  of  the  country;  ol  k:'re 
the  outbreak  of  the  war  of  the  Iie\-.dation,  it  wouLi  -ecn: 
that  tw<.>  causes  were  at  work  in  the  -eceral  colonies  wui.di 
harnionizi^d  with  ea'di  onier.  ami  hr"i^;:i\r  rlie  ^^'orrh  ;i.iid 
Sourhi  to  act  together.  Tiie  rjuesti-.H!  of  taxation  as  <\w\i 
taken  by  itself  wa-  not  sutricienl  t«.  jn -tifv  war.  ixn*  cnre'v. 
"•;ev<»r  w-i.-.  ;i  peo!'>ie  in  ('hri  -  '  e  :  ^     •  ■  '  hr'e  di-T!ir^*ed  rhe 

tlie  auL'innt  actually  iiivolved.   hut  tiie  ]» j-- h-  " ' '-■e-  'O 
future,    which-  t»'uided  our  ^tate-men.     I  «h/ahr  •vh^  • 
prosperous  people  would  ev-n-  exercise  s^  much  self  d-  nuu 


to  (lazcini  t]H:*r  i^rospericy  hefnuse  of  ;l  tr<iii>ieiit,  ;un!  t!:e 
worst.  jMihfi-  viv\;;,r!.a!s  stTutcli  of  power.  The  eaii-  -  i:;y 
deeper  t.ii<m  in  this  a[>parenrlv  hjfty  priM'-iple.  and  it  ]>!>■  .-wod 


^■  1<   -  -ill 


•!)  - 


epoch  o.  iciiee         '  :        heoii  !■ 
defer  rt-  = . 

till-.                 ^        ■■  ■•■rr.      h;  ti;*:'  ^lorrli-ji 

she  ?.a\'.'  V             p;i--i  :  •    ;.']           ill  her  own 

iiar  life:'  v'l  iii^hi'-rrv.  un..  i^  ui/ii^y         rh-arl v 

:'.n  rn-eer  \vhi('ii  ii;!!n-<' '  e' i ;         •  t   :j  ri  i  :''ei ;  rio'..-   *');.;.      :  . 

i;i:^-l^/r  W(>r]:;n't;:  i^^  r'  --^^/rt:ii!i.     The  peo- 

;  'e  -H      ■  •  '         ■  '  .               ■    :  V   ^ :         i  -  i '  )1   c;  -  'i :  -  ;:^jnt 

!    \v:rii  niiearr  Tniiw   A^'Lit-e   !a-  the   irrh  ^',1 

vexati<.>u>  Writs  ol:'  A-S.-i-t;Miee,  fi.>l!!>\ve'.i  hv  tlie  gree  '  -re 
LT'dii  which  proi"..'-!--]  ro  raise  a  revenue  by  a  tax  on  sr  i 
pa[>er,  e:e-o        -  >!-::i'r^-'  e'v  i^jMe  eT<.)Und  f'^'  !'".e-  hi;: 

hotli  Tie  ee:  a;*.  r;i',i  ,:-m-s-^':j  :e;p  %-ev;irii.>us  re-tri:e!:;n^ 
wiiieli  had  restrained  tlieir  xieial  and  itiiin-rrial  growth.. 

At  tiej  Sijiith  rlie  <;a>e  ^^'^n  'liiTerent:  th-'ir  prodiietii ai^  fet] 
rhe  C'eeiiii-rue  ut  Eniilane.  eea  -<ri_a!  iver^/  e\'^-n  eiic! >!ir;;u:. ■  '  i=y 
hountie>.  Tlie  restriefior.s  on  tra^hj  a; a!  industry  re 
nucared.  for,  ]>ee;iu-e  they  eontlieted  Nvitii  ut*  piavMie  inrL're-rs. 
Soutli  (.'arohna  in  ])artieular  was  a  }->et  of  tl'ie  luotlier  e'»n.nn>\'. 
In  177^),  Jo>ia!i  t^uinev.  .( i . .  Doston, vi.-iri.'d  (..diarle.sto'-.T;  :•..■*] 
saae  eoiimiereial  activity,  vrealih  and  airignitieence,  wle--h  j..- 
<]id  n')t  hf.-riere  to  f  xisr  in  Arjieriea.  In  tiiis  h.ar hui-  were 
<d  rhre^;  huno:-\M  -lao  nr'v  .,r  merdiants.  Ta^ 

[:< '■-■''Uo'llv  \vh''-\i  ca  1 1  ^  -  va;'] .  ;- a-.; '/.'!^d   iii  fver\'  h^'a>e 

iiavar%  ■•i,':    .vi.  i.  o;    -  ■  iir   jMO  n^^vrr '  rMneelveO.      \r  a 

;''aieeri        z'>\,:  >t,   (V-;aPi  S'?"i^a\-   h</  unwa  r«i  -  .aM  \  •  • 

haialred  and  ti fry  bejir-s.  The  nni-i;'  of  r!e'  erin.'er"  \v  a 
ravishing.     Ti.iree   neauhers  of  the  peiaauraait   hand  ^uaa 


5T 


eiiipl«.\vtH.l   ar  a  salary  of  ti\'e  blind '^ed  iruineas  a  year  aad 
auotln.-r  mn-i'-.-ian  was  o('casii.>nallv  eni]>[nvp»|  at  rifty  -.  -p. 
a  '  \  r^^■  -vIp  )  (_'!rioyed  tliL'  ■ 

1"'    ■  '    -  '  '     :  h-,-.M'il  ^         ui  :\.r  ;.! 

coloiiy. 

J'jir  T--r:'  ■:']' ■r}\>'v       -i'  ■i^  \rork,,  'ine  ^ '^jrl';!^'-  -mV-:.- 

pLM.;-;'"  '  :   .     -    ^  ^'\<-\'     ''"0;:'':^    • '  •  f  -  -  i     I' M 'j- i  V.i:\ 

tax.  a;!'!  f;i:;i':;;L  'I:  ■  --^ ■■'•la'.M;  ;   lii  f;;('t   i^a^'G  e: 

a!i']  vltallry  to  r-lie  tax.     This,        the  haidtiia!  t:.a-<:i);;-:  -  i; 

.\'         i:;  ■    ^v.;rL-  M'^aued  \vlii.-::;,'s'-r         •  ■ 

L>i::=  -'-^         -.v: -s^ailcer^,  !)<>tii  civil  and  i;a'  .  :  '. 

An  order  in  couucil  the  raidv  id  Ainoricaii  iniiitary 

^d'l:-:-r-  :  .  n\itv.<[ii:^-u-^   t- >    -d    ;n:in;'\'  -^;d'- 

r:/>j--^  a  '  ' '  '■  -    ■  ".vi-.  ;:ad  srrindv  r][i-   -ir-r  ai  -^v  i;- 

rla^  ja  a  v  .  '.  -  ■  ;;  ra-  .-^-v-en  year's  ^\-a",  rhr'jw  a!>  ;as 
c-nina^-i' *a  in  di^aa-a  It  -  -^a-ved  vririi  Idavldock,  it  was 
vV[\v  v.-^-'jireer.  ]d*;alJ'xdv  had  the  a'^'od  sense  t'*  \^dae 
^]a'  .  o"  <u(;h  ;l  ]a:;u  f-a   'a-  v>a'e']irioa.  and  earnr.~r!a- 

M.aieire'l  id>  e^ )i..i[aii:y  as  a-  v«>i.aH a ][  vrars  ids  misToiaane 
tliat  illness  la'evented  the  \'(^lniiteer  from  joinin<^  Idin  nncil  it 
w.is  t':><:»  'att*  r.  =  save  Iiini.  <  'nh.nel  }dith"lletMn.  of  South.  Caro- 
lina, -aa'is  iiaraiy  -per-iiaded  hy  < -Governor  Ihiii  c<.>  take  s»;rvi<.'e 
under  (.'ohynvl  Crant  in  the  ('uer'aceo  war:  and  the  Go\'ernor, 
himself  a  C'ari>!inian,  kin^^wini^  hy  experienee  tlie  insrd.Mir 
temper  -f  tlie  Ihatidi  r.tneiah-.  :>:ave  Colonel  .Middle turj  the 
e\iTa«'rdin:U'v  oiAver  of  r^^siii'iiint:*  iiis  «'ojiijiiissi'>n  wlienever 
lie  -h'.j.iM  r/.'-a-".  it  avraiid  he  an  un.nece.-.-ary  diicre^.-iun  r.. 
ap    :  '  a_<;a'  on  that  history  ina-e. 

Tidi-  >jdrit  of  insolence  wa-  niosr  offer? >ively  nnini teste- 1  or 
(dAa  rn-ir  Thenar  Ivoraie  to  die  who'e  L' ai.a.truru  (d  >'aoaL 
(  aroioai,  a.aa.  Mr.  Cadsvjiai  was,  ae^ae  '-  ay,  an  interara;/^! 
party  \\i  the  rran>aetion.    a  •• 

[t       ;  -a  - .    a  m  n         r,,  '-^^  v  ,oinnnal  an  aiO"';'* '  a 

of   tho    'aa-aaoa    aea-..a'    ra',;  ja'o^'Ui''.;--.      I'lia:  .A>^enid:y .  aie 


5S 


:iiz;ro(:iii^-  v:ith  the  views  of  tsie  (governor,  ]iiade  no  chaiSLTf  in 

tilt.'  law.     Duriii..;  :\\  ■  -.^-.-ioii.  <..>me  titiio  after  the  or^^iisiiza- 

r-^,    -         i\      ■   .  Mr.  {-ru-i-      •                 [  ,              :  s.H- 

ri.j:i:i>_.^n            ■  .   .  .  ''-"^             ■  '               .  v  "■■"-i'  ■ 

were  apjU'"'.  •  \  ■                _  ]:e  ^vas.  -i'- 

cvistom,  sent      r  ,      to  take  ijel^ore  hini        .    .  •  is 

<':u;'-]    ^h  '  viz  :                 ':    oi"    :VA^^^\r:.^-^:  I-l'j 

hi::,:,  :     '  •  ^   '    "  '  '    -  > : M'  :    _              of  rh.rr  r;;;  ■     /  "Me- 

St-:-  r  .  ■                   .  i..-f:a-- 
er'i^/r,  T;!;.-  i;. :    •  reco2:nize  lilni  <:.';>  ^i  rrvini 


v  ]i]r-[,  ,ner  in  Dee^;:;;!:  ^  "smC  vear.  L'Miii.  Mr.  i^-ui-dea 
'va:-  a;i;aiii  a  nienioer.  Tiu-  .v.v^a^al.k  iinmediatelv  protected 
aiTMiTi-a  the  .H'e-rdiry  o :  the  ':-,.r.-;  ' r--- -hiriv!]- ,  and  as  the  (ror- 
CTi.-r  .li.ike   ia»  >a:5.   tiay       !tred  rliar  ta^n' 

Tvould  tiMn-.-v-:.  a...  iKi-iness  wi::ii  hint  initil  he  should  cone.e'le 
the  just  claims  <;  (  t!n.'  1:1  o ii. --e ;  and  this  stare  of  deiiant  Ijostihhv 
contlaued  f«  r-A-.  vears.  luiril  <  n<vernor  l>v.»une.  wearied  wi-j!. 
the  contest,  lar  -  he  pr^s-ince  aiiil  went  home. 

Diirinir  litis  suspension  .  *>t  {(.'liisbtive  hnsiness, .  he  i^ave 
several  exhibitions  of  petty  and  '-liildish  if;.-  -lence  vrhich  niu-t 
have  made  a  dfrcp  impre.-sion  on  a  luLdi-tofn.-d,  i^eneroes  and 
manly  people.  Diirinf^ '  riii^  -es-i'.>n.  Sir  John  Colleton. 
pr(^s(  ured  him-elt  .-oid  f':  d;aed  his  seat.  After  his  credentiids 
wvvl'  v.jritied,  iio  'va-  se-'  ;  ■  '  f;.^---"-  :•  iiiUe  the  i-^:"-:*' 
oaths, fUHN.aup-'iHiMl  by  ("y. ;-  ■         i  .-.i  d  William  • 

trie,    wli"  aa-Lv;  -i-er  a- i'-i'dio^:  r:;         -/-i  -i^^.,   tiv-t  ai 

<':-r:ify  t'.»  tie;  (T'>vernor  that  tlie  eaiidida..re  liad  been  'eo\' 
elciaed,  and  tuioi  r-  -''af\-  r.>  rhe  11. .use  tb  ^r  rbc"\"  'aio  >.b- 
nessed  the  adm..  i  of  the  «.vf.cb-  to  *  ee  riew  naeno-er. 


59 


Goveni')!'  IJooric  f](jn!a.iided  of  ]\re&sr.s,  Gadsden  nrnl  Moidni 
wliat  was  tljoir  ])ii.>ines>^  there,  and  on  beinic  infor-.i.L  i  I 
wliat  capacitv  tliej  were  tliere.  ; 
had  no  rigiit  to  iiitnide  visitors  n\' 
ordered  the  servant  who  answered 
Mien  ont  of  his  h')use.  Sir  Joh!>  (. 
it  is  to  be  supposed,  took  the  o:irh- 
Assembly  at  this  outrage  oilerf -i  t 
hers,  rnav  be  conceived.  Ai 


that  the  Asr>eiiii'ly 
.   r:(i'ir  t!!t=  ;)elL  and 
•:!:■; net  chc-.'  ^entle- 
Z'.'Vi  v/as  stoop:d,  and. 


(.Colleton  to  take 
had  seen  him  :  : ' 
as  to  per;ni^ 
after^var<A.      :  i 
sent  to  attend  a  n. 


Thu.. 
wli.'i  TnLrhr  it;;- 
fined  eie.^^  -m'  t 
erre>rV  irsn-e. 


i Li n'"b  a-  ie>'*e  of  tlieir  ii 
.i-.     They  I'^'leeic-L  Iiowl-v.-- 
iii  id--  ^^■■vn   C;<^e.  S^-ir 
^  .-d  A[r.  ?:o-.: 


'    :        •  Be  re 

^e  ;       ■  :e:e  eleete>n  '■■ 

■  ar  he  u  /xaniine  tlie  v<  -I! 


^  re 


i/  ;.e';id''tnen.  representatives  of  the  p/'  ;e..-. 
■^-euey  sujjp'jse^l  ro  re])r'">-ent  the  ii^-i  r^:-- 
•/■^j)!e,  rudely  di>nu.>-;e_  rroiu  the  e-iov- 
their  testimonv  rtduse»j  as  untrustW'>rd: v. 
Is  it  ^nrpri-iiiir  tiiat  sueii  ^enrlcuieu  snoidd  ea^f^^r'y  e;'p-h 
at  anv  'i-hv:'* v  fr^r  Vi-  ver-iso  winch  ^'iteretl  irselt  ,\eel 


shall  we 


e  riio  In^rre  <  >r'  rijeir  laiue.  ^vlieii 


we  itnpnte  to  woui^ded  pride  tlie  bohi  detennination  '.eld;d 
thev  n.-  ■; J-  e ;•■  .'e e^e ~  n;aOe  to  -ever  tLeinselve;^  re^'e^-  ' 
fro  hi  a  j^--'.v,-r!iiucut  v/hicli  eould  with  nnpunity  thus  reoKi-^.-l; 
insult  them  ? 

Whilst  the  petty  r.i-  :  ..-'dMi-h  insults  of  Governur  1m-">)i. 
were  still  rauklinu'  in  ibe  lie-r.-ts  ...-t  rhe-->e   u'^^n'tli  tii, 
I>^iti^h  <T..\^'rnnient  unwist^iy  is:\.vc  titem  a  paii^e^-- 
eomplai!U  -.'v  t!ie  pa^saire  of  r:.<-  S^-nir'  Arv.  Tiie 
-were  irreatly  excited  by  the  pa..«a_ij'e  !.>f  dii>   A-  -,  ri.,d  :.  = 
fernierit  exhihitod  irseh*  in  -"Vieed       t!ie   Le'id-^l-u are-.      :  ' 
General  Court  of  .Ma^sachusetrs  in  Ju.mc,   iTeib,  . 


m 


eirciiliir  letter  to  the  sevcjral  colonies,  inviriniz;  them  to  iiieet 
uucli  (ttlier  l>y  tlieir  deputies  in  Xew  York,  hi  the  iiiuTith  of 
Oetuher  following.  ■  In  Jn\v  the  letter  was  iiisciissed  hefi^re 
the  Monse  of  Assenih!;.-.  Aft'-r  a  In^o* '  •lisciu?sion,  in  which 
the  call  WMS  supporrt-d  !»v  Xiv.  IwurlL- !.i:v.  tlie  subject  was 
referred  t'>  a  ooiumirtee.  of  wliieh  ^[r.  <  -id-  s  ii  was  cliidr- 
man.     The  couiiriittee  •  ^   ''i  f;i.v.  :     -  i ■, ;:^^.m] 

Coii^Lrress,  and  Clirisn.] ;    ;;;ir;(;  ':  — .   :  : 
Thomas  Lv'^eli,  Se;\.  ^vrv-'^  •  .   .  ,     ■.  .  , 

This  acriou  of  .\  ---oihiy  Mr.  Uane?y»fr  repi.nl-  ^-  ; 
f  "      Xin'^^-l-:i]\  r         hv  >  '-lUi  C:[r:)\h\ii.     ■ '  ^l  a^- 

-      ■.  -iv^,  •■>^^a•l■h^]   the   in\rr\ujt..  but  S: 

]>eei!  b>r  Snii-:  ^   ,;■     :       ,  .  C  ^.-la--^  anuld  then  h.;  ■ 


ii;  :  .a. ()ri>^  iind  fie  irrear  -auij-ai-^iTi,  r!a/  ;i  -a..  .  !- 
mous,  r.iiwi-5verini>.  faulrf ess  lov'«?r  of  his  eouiury,  -Chri-r-; a,  -r 

1  :.  ->  tht:  wai-'is  of  [ l-inci-oft.  The  iiifasure  wa^  snp- 
|.  .  a  the  e!f/i[nenee  of  KntieOiXe,  but  it  was  the  /.e;b  ./i 
(Taih'ieJi  ^T]d!di  irave  auii!iat"it">ii  to  the  partv  of  existenca/. 

lu  aiena!'  aaarr.ai  rhirr^-va  a -a-  afr.,>asaiah  tu  ^Vm.  lb:u-v 
1)  ray  ten.  li-e  >av-  :  lu.-in  ia  A.fi'nd-..t  ever  -tro'v  e  a;;a-': 

(and  m':ev  -se-c-e^s fully,  tir-t  to  iuann:  .'ii".'ii.t  a  Cou^-re.--  in 
..1  7 ♦.»->.  aiid-the-Ti  -to  su|.>i>ort  it  ever  -  afterwanis  tliau  anysuif:'-' 
Northern  wi'iters  urc  !ii-P'>sed.  I  ]cnv>w  n.a  wiiv.  ro  ];.■  :••  '  :  r 
the  services  of  Rutleda'e,  and  as'adbe  i aerie  in  iireha  v-.:  • 
any  ."die"  claimant.  I  !»olieve.  however.  th;!.t  in.  this  ci.-e, 
but  '        ■  iia-^  hera  d^>:^-  to  Mr.   (wM^d.ii.     There  a-:.^ 

at  th,u  rai.c         diibnaa-.a-  i-.-r^re^a:  Id-  -  -d       ^-  ^ 

Mr.  U;rh:-da-  :    the  larrer  n-.^  -ira.'--:-  ^  ;  a. 

'_■•>■::'■   .  ■  i''>n:..a-    v  Vca    r'a/a    i-.-^-  .a    .^orA-  i;'a  . 

sev.-'\av-..'  of  die  tie  whieli.  h-amd  tlie  coioiiies  to  the  :'..-  nt 
Sr.u'a 

The  (.'(.ui^Te-s  of  17*h>  b:«l  little  besides  maidnu;  the  se^  erai 


61 


parts  '>f  America  known  tx>  each  other.  Two  of  tlw  aole 
--■.■^  ^^.M-;.  i  -MN.'^iVu  Mv.  Lyn.:h  :mi.]  Mr,  Uuti-!-,  w,t( 
;il    Ti.v-    !:■■  =.;    i\  r^]^'.:':n\'v[\    "t  ■::''"Oes  to  ■      '  ■ 

fh-v  -^-^i]!.  (4;i.i~:den  u':ive  mji  ox]ii.-'r;.);i  : 


»n :  for.  --iM  he,  union  !>  nn^.'^r  eerr-UTily  all  in  rJ 


ill  1774:,  we  tind  nocliiiio;  to  record  of  Mr.  Gd. : ,  : i. .  T'; 
d <Jilipeutly  en iraa-od  in  [:d-  vn-d;,:;.;  dji^dio— 
and  adij  tinit  lie  wa>  i;-unf'r:dlr       in./ei-uir  \A   iiu.-  -  -'i;-- 
ITonse  of  Ars^eniblv.     In  ]  77>d  :i  verv  ii'tt'lliirent  :,:  n-.  -nan 
<_.^  'Mi  i  >•  '■^n  iii.d  i'; :    i :  « ^  iin  -  •  -,  -jr.,,  -(^n^'  ji;  at  (jne  iiay  ni  n^  -  -  :  ■  ,  - 
of  Conini<>5s>,  ;nid  reeordcvi  a  few  words  ';»f  a  s|M-c'.'i" 
worth  pre.^Ln'viiyu'  as  a  ph« )tograph  memorial  of  the  i 
hi>  j^;nrna]  of  }dar-di  l'*rh,- 1  77d,  Mr.    (,}niricy  says  :  '-Sr^^n;: 
all  the  nioridnif  in  hearinir  the  debates  of  the  Jlonse;  had.  an 
o])p:>rtiriiIty  i>f  iiiearin.0;  the  hest, speakers  of  the  ]d-'!vin<-e. 

oke  like  a  mar  *;f  stnj^ie  ain 
diiinirv,  tire  aial  laeonism.  iMr.  (.hidsdeii  was  pi-dn. 
ami  iU'N  >ri'ect..tiit>ii^-ii  v-aw  anisdde. '  In  the  c«>iir-o 
hitte  he  a-ed  tiiese  very -ir^  - ';i  -  - vpre--[.;n(S  for  m.  i 
Parlianunit  :  'Ami,  Mr..  ^];:: '/er,  if  the  > 
(foum-il  d..'n't  soe  tit  to  f al I  in  with  us,  I  say  let  H 
;-a.v.  ;in.j  ad,     ;  to  thj  de'dd.  -da  an^l 

it  U  iMir  a  ;j-di!a-^;  r>r  ri;..  t.\r'a'<^  ana — ija.c  U 
World  t'f  «'h:ira--  : -.-r — hs)  wu.-  "^i-ry  UTiparihhuuenrai 
was  vcr .  ::e:  r;  ;  :  earnest. 


62 


AVe  will  not  repeat  the  oft-toIJ  story  of  British  taxatioti 
'diid  Ai:iU:'i-ioH;i  M         1'  -in!.!;r  that  a  scheme  was 

cunningly  «.k*viso«i  l>y  wliich  i-;-  n/'u-  would  be  enticed  to 
driidv  tht'ir  tea  and  pay  tlie  olHiox'ious  <luty.  Ahirnied  at  the 
pros|)eot  of  seeing  a  whole  people  /  r-)  their  pi*'  l.r'-5 

hy  tlie  allurement  o''   '    ■  ~ 

tionary  niovement  org;; :  ;  -  '.  -....i  -  .  .  •  ^  ;     .  v 

against  this  iusiduous  measure,  bi  T.;r  .  -e^.  iii  thi-  <'ity 
among  nthers,  the  tea  w;i>  ojxnily        ■         ■     ^K'^rru'-' M*n. 

Iii        -   :  ,  ■   ;  -  .  y- r .  tilt, 

Wh:J'.   ■  ■••K.^i  ,  :  •    ■        ^        .  -  '  ,  ^,  .    - .  ■          ■      l  tho 

i"U'ein\---d  :iiini:  vind  east  it  into  the  sea.     The  ov-en  and  u:uii-- 
:  ■  >  ;•  '^idve:   ^.-t  as  all  aTl:ei.'^.])r-  tu 

d;  i^:i-r:;;;  'a^;-:' ■    '  ,  "lie  riiini-^:-''  i  — r, 

tl;/:.  :^,;id.   d;  .t.   Mri-j'n  .....       .jr.  anniiih  ; 

cliartur  uf   m  -  the  p!.>rt  iH>^tou. 

i!iakii]g  ail  r<Mn!i;v-r,\-  -.v'di  r:iir  ,-'y      :>:i!d-d  d  l;.:^  otli^nce. 

Thi-^^  idgii  ]i;L!ni,  d  :  :  ;av-^!\'e  •-•eiii;v.:.ia''e  n.^ ■:^:d  through 
the  ^\di..}le  ^:o\m\'.vv  ...  ■.■:.-.\:iru:  <V'iik.  .  .Ali  felt  that  the 
cause  of  disfranchise"!  Massacliusetts  was  the  common  cause. 
At  th.i  "  New  V'M'd.  -i  lA>]!i.r-j:-s  .A  d;-;  --dade>  :u 
Pjiii..i.d<.-d  in  8epteinl>er.  1  774.  The  r!;[.'re^enratives  from 
Soudi  <;iu oiina  were  ciii.K-en  i)y  a  o-eueral  ^'-'-te  of  the  citizens. 
Tlie  first  measure  of  resistance  wliieh  -n-'gestt^d  ir^.elf  v.-a>  a 
g*  ':  ^   '  d:op;jrta^ii,>!i   Lind    nor!-e.x|.'oj^ration    aicre^'o ,!:-nr, 

1  n';-  V.-:-  t..'|'[>'>sed  dy  tiie  mercantile  interest  e'eneraiiy  ativl 
twv-  sets  of  Candidates  were  prt-sented,  to  the  \'«:>ters.  lleju'e- 
sentatives  of  each  were  eleeted — Mv.  Gadsden,  Thomas 
Lynch,  and  Edward  'Ivutledigo,  repre>e:iting  the  extreme 
parry;  Henry  ^riddleti^n  and  Joiiri  Retlede'e  the  modej'are 
]">arty.  ATr.  (radsden  :Uid  J .  jdutd.:diro  wei'e  respectivei  v  ida;* 
re;-:'i.-.-f:'!,ra.tives,  the  rirst  i.f  tee  extreme  t)arty  for  resi-tanre 
tht^  KUteT-  ioriLT  eoed':':  '  ^  -  fi;r  ;i  :  eMd.i!i  t'  ■  •, 
piea;^ant  relati<)U:^  -Air:,  r.  _..xei.  e\  )  r^er'^-s  of  'jrce.^-.'  — . 
The  former  w.is  even  l»efere  this  thne  ae:deus  fijr  if:de;."0.- 
denee,  the  latter  came  very   slowly  and  \  er\  iMeectiu. 


G3 


tlie  measure.  As  the  deloLnites  elected  represented  tiie  ivr*» 
parties,  it  was  agreed  that  iio  motion  or  restdntion  of  tlie 
Conitress  should  be  '  i  ^  ! n|-»on  the  c<"doTfy.  unless  it  ^v;^s 
agreed  to  bv  the  del-.  ■  the. colony.  Tii-.-y  went  i.m  tju- 
Co!i2:ress  v  :  i  !f.  ! .  :L;i;-rni<-ted.  The  people  had  perfect 
f:drh  in  rheir  pitcri*.)tisj.ii  and  ilieir  \\-isdoai. 

It  w;is  desired  tr.)  give  the  d-A'.-s-  li's  ;in  otticial  sanction  b}- 
legislative  action:  ].)Ut  (tov.  j  .-i  ahvays  kept  a  strict  eye 

over  the  House  of  Ai^i::n\-\y,  ;'.nd  iiiv.inably  prorogiiet.l  it 
whenever  lie  thought  it  v/ns  tiv:.-.*  '  .•  :••■;••.>!?>  u •  ;i;  =  d. 

On  ^hi^  r^resent        -inn  ir  ir.H  '  -       riie  - 

Oi'     '  it  .Ui.  inM  ^ -r    the     U.^l^e     t,.>    ^--.T  iT 

10  o\d»>ek  ''lit  now  all   business  had  })een  seeretly  arra-.i^-.-d. 

and  a:  ^  iV^dock  the  v..     '    ■  '  ,r-; 

was  sen:  r.^  rlie  Gov-  :  r,,,.  ,,  ,a- 

tion,  :;:::!  !h;'\-  i"' V  tv'.-'M-o^(di:fi'-;i-,     ' ■  --"V- 

ing  a:  "  ^      .  : ■  v>:-  --■■;nN.;;n  \  / 

thei'v.-  '.!);^ei;.  ;  ■    ■  \"  i  <  H  ;  f     !'«  T  ;  i  i-  . 

of  til-:;-  The   -  inror- led  of  tlic  .,.d. 

meeting     f  the  House,  inst.-.ntly  sent  for  them  to  pr';rr>u-!ie 

t'l-'"..  h   ; ■■V':-     I'):.^  iii    ll:^-'    ihaii    Iwilt    fill    JJ  '.i: 

Ilou-e  ii.:<.<l  met,  res«dved,  and  was  pr(.u-ogne<l.' 

In  this  Congress  we  tind  Mr.  <,radsden  alw:.iy>  Jietin-  with 
those  wlio  were  foremost  in  leading!:  wirhe  revoltition.  Xav, 
he  may  i--  •■  ^o  have  been  the  f'/»iM'i.,.st.  Faneyiisg  ih.--': 
war  was  incvir.v»ie.  he  wi^iied  to  secure  to  hi<  (.•••iintry  .-id  the 
advantauvs  pos.dble,  aiul  he  urged  upon  the  Congn.'.»s  the 
expediency  o [  attacking  (ren,  (lage  in  i>osco!;  at  one-..-  -in.! 
defeating  him  l'«.dV>re  he  could  gain  reinforcenneuts.  lie  vas 
described  hy  some  of  tiie  ni^-udters  a>  'it"  p',»-^i.()lc.  svoi'>c  riain 
ever;  mi)re  violent,  more  wrong-]iea<icd. ' ' 

1  he.  non-importation  and  n<.)ii-exportatioii  agreemeur  wa- 

]tUtiC.._.-  Ll^.ve  good  .l:.o  .iC.  ' rv.o-r:-    I'l        z]j--    ■.  .  . 

tion.  but  Mr.  Gadsden  ^Cood  alone  in  iiis  ot>positi-.;f.  .r. 
and  even  on  his  return  home  made  ciiiorts  to  have  the  ex.  --o- 


64 


tion  res^cinuevl.  Tiiterest  nnd  cx !)•..■  J iiMicy  wx-ni  \)i>\vev\cs< 
with  him  wln.-n  piinciplo  wm.s  involved. 

When  thii  dele«^fae^  returned  iii-ct  of  :h 

tion  of  rice  from  the  non-inter' M.iir.-^o  - :-';'.;i::';i!t  ^v■  ■.-  <  ;  -  , 
an.  I  Mr.  Gadsden  earnestly  moved  tii.-ir  ilie  except  inn  be 
repealed.     ],iut  yir.  Katie."  '      the  exception  was 

the  only  means  l.»y  >vhi«di  r. ::  i  .uh:  die  South  c 'id  !  he 
]daced  an  an  eouaiity  of  sutlerinir    in  the  non-inrer 
measure  of  resistance.     Tt         po-h-']      ,>n  a.cc(.)nnt  nf  ins 
speech  im  ihat  >n-i'^iA^'i\.      r  i;  •         h^jcii  le. 

<d)ject  of  reient!es<  rr^rh-l^iii  ov     •■   •■  v^y  at  the 

lie  Sid<.i  ''t;:a.i  fie  wa.s  in  fav;»r  < vf  i  •:.to  n«)n -intercourse, 

hut  the  ( 'oiil:;''. ie  ;';"h'  ::M).~rpr!iied  it  iruii  the 

.       ■  -  .eler.     T'.:  ■     .  :    "   r  -  vii  rni'U  wo,d  ;  • 
,      .  ■  [  -r;   *h';    .--  -..-i   he  -;^w  n*''   r  :;-..e 

■Avh;>"  vmT:-  ;  '  m  e      _   ,  lie -.d'.u  ;;j..r  de- 

col'.eues  vrere  less  i^iteut  to  annoy  tiie  mother  country  in  the 
'd  tr;eir,    tlpiTi  T;.  '■'.di'own  trade:  -o  lie 

■  .-^eejii:  it  diu  ju-ricc  ie:-  c. w :_-r:r'ejfr[-  tu  preserve  to  ih^jii 
thoir  tra*]e  a>.  entire-  possible/' 

It  is  very  reeu i-k;d>'.,:-  rhar  this  b.-..ni;ua_ij.-e  sluMiId  liave  Ijeen 
use< I  respectinir  the  (liiiereio  rMwiti«.ms  of  tiie  Xorth  and  t!,e 
Soutii.  not  tudy  hy  th.'>e  wh'»  vv-»./re  fouielin-"  tlie  Union,  h-nt 
at  the  very  n^ioment  the  ^v^e-K  (>f  union  was  2'"ing  on. 

The  exeq>tii)Ti  was  rer;dn»j!l  Ity  the  A-semhly.  but  ^Ir. 
Gadsden.  th4)n^^'h  overruled  in  this  n.iatter,  does  not  seeiii  t<> 
have  hxs!.  the  eonlidenee  of  his  constituents,     lie  ajui 
itutlod^iv  vveie;  \;^'t]i  returned  t'>  the  Congress  of  177^. 

Before  that  ( 'i.>nii'ress  met,  the  lie  vohi  tie  nary  'War  had 
coneoiee/ed  ivi  the  -.kiriei^h  at  LexiriLrt^.^n.  and  the  Proviuei;d 
l'« >:.•:: re--  'tinn;odia':e: ;•'  set  ri'H'ut  ..riranizinor  tin'-  military  f'^ree 
of  the  province.  In  pur^UiMice  of  thi-  orranizatiun,  Mr. 
Gadsd(  -  ■.v;:-;  .  -  <"o<o;Md  of  rh-  Vir-i  K-yir^^t'^t 
and  \'>  Loeiiii  \[ouerd:  <,d  th*.-  Secnii.  lierl:  rne^e  -tenheu-n 
had  seen  service  in  the  (  dieroKee  War.  and  tliough  elc v.] 
oil  the  same  dav,  (.-olonel  ^  fa(.l><ien  Ava.-  the  senior  s>f  (.'oloMeel 


65 


Moiiltri(%  and  on  his  return  lioiue  to  .-o  '     '  "  cmintrv  in  tn*: 

army,  lie  as^inned  the  command  of         .  forces  of  rlio 

l>rovinee.  It  ar^pears  by  a  note  in  ]\[onltric\s  ]\[einoir.^,  that 
he  assumed  the  conim-:            I'briiarj,  177*). 

'  •/  -h.  of  that  y.  -  t'"  -^  h-:^]-:  -  ■ 

K>  V  ■  -    ,     civil  gover:,^  v.  ■  :    ^  '  .  >  ,  ■ 

cial  Congress,  therefore,  adopted  a  Pro^,'i-i' i  Cohsn'r.-/ 
;    '      wliich  Joim  Ivutlci' \v  -v      -  '    -  . 

-t'r^'i'-'j:^  at-     i.  .  -  .  •        ■    '     : .   "  ■  ^  :  ■  ■ 

mt*>t  eminent  cicizer^s.  -      -ri^n       i.  .    :  .  :ir 


>iiir   fshmd.     1 1  is  well  kri«  .'\\'! 


t  lit 


[Kirti^'ip       m  :; 

rtH'ord.  I  n')th  ( 't  >l 
('i>ntinentai  Sorvici 


-.1  Lee  in: 

'V:it'  moil-- 
i-e.  lie 


i  -l-n-;  ^L-nlunp  and  L 
ri'-ed  (^>i;;ne]   (^visJen  .vF 

--)n  aft'  r;.k;^]]  in^-" 


fit- 


i  lie  :  ■■;  '  ;  .rc>:^i.fr\'atn>n  auA  i !  i.-'- 

hu^ilv  shi'd  a  rav  ol_                               !  ■ 

of  the  State  .Inrin-  tin-  ye.ir^  '7  77  an* 
5 


precious  relic  hefon-  .•<!!:•  it  h  very  h.-ird  f->  resist  the  tempta- 
tion to  make  full  c-^  i       :'  his  letters. 

The  re-iiTiiatioi)  ot  (-lejieral  (radsden,  and  tlie  duel  which 
arose  •  ^i-   ^ '  ^■  ' '      .  ^       '     '  '   '     ■        '  ■ 
in  th/'  h  :^  ,      .  - 

aeter,'  rL,  ■  . 

(Tudsdeii's  life  can  --'^  ■  •  ■  ro  narr;ire  u.     \-  -ry 

di-;.  ^    ■'v;  to  see   ^  '  '     '    •  '>  r^iii-i:.  ' 

^cr--:,;  ^    ^-^   .:iv  fh::-        ...     ^    •  -       ^     .^^  ,..r-^l.-:  ■ 
heen    ---.^  -j.     lhi_r   h-   ;vm,-^.   If   ]  m,  cx;.:-.--  ■  •;- 

M-i ' c   A        .  -  to  ha,ve   liad    a   keeri  -<-:i-'-"; 


rv\'<)       iiti'/ai^.  c  :     i  ^-iu^'i  i    f-.i'-l    i'       'a-  i-ara,, 

:>:a  '  m-v  v.,,-    t<>    i  k^-  ...  /  ;  n  ■  iv^.  j  ra  

-on-         in  tliv>c  ijaa-iern  t  ime^  have  ernoa-jried  the  ehiv  •.; 
settlement  of  tfae  ]"enr  of  honor  into  a  barl)aron<  ;a  a 
i;ia!!;a'v  ri'  a, 

I'l--^  -"''a-in  of  tlio  dispi'.te  lay  in  the  unsettled  r.'vr 
h(it\v-;ta)  rha  States  aitd  the  t;<aiirre-s.  ^Vhen  (oj. 
arrived  in  ( "iiarle-roii,  in  June,  ITTh,  the  :j;aiieral  dir^'a:.. 
ltd]-  :  •  a  ■  i'  ars  '►va>  eo]iiiaiiat:<l  t',>  Inuo  hat  the  hv_-. 
ndia-^  a-'.  ;  a^.a.^  id-^  -^'-K.  a-^  ( '^a  --Miai-rda  •  *  ' 
Tie:-  :h--^;.-r  iaai-d^  ■  V  r  a-  :  A<a.,a-a.  ;,d.airrd^  :  '  i 
era.1   i.aa  v^.a        ;a-afa,aite  die   foria     Vdai  .  a: 

wirh'Mi"  M;'  ;ad'/;-  ■> 
riifii-        aa  "d';;;   \:  no 


airraa  ^  na 


left  Ciiarle^rrui  f>a'  hi^  ar-a       :  ■i-d' -'i   a.::a;;^'    d:-;;  '   ,  d 

laid  \\  .\v..  ■■-•!   '    :  .      ,  h: '  .i,  ■  .:v,    (  •  h-:  ^.    .  ,.. 

prohadh"  K^ft  ia  •a-»e:aaa  •;i  ti)e  eily.      Lee  .'ia- 1  a-H  [a  ,  ^^-eeded 


67 


further  than  Savaimali  when  an  ex])ress  called  hiin  to  join 
AVashiniTton  at  tlie  Xortli;  iie  «>i)oyed  the  order,  \veiit  Xonh, 
and  iniiuediately  enrered  u})on  that  cuiir^e  uf  capricious  o[)posi- 
tion  to  the  (  ommauder-in-Cluei  wlucli  resulted  in  ld>  ridicu- 
lous eaprure  hy  a  >c«)utinu-  party  of  the  British  army.  On 
his  return  tnronu-h  '  L  r'.'.'sLon  he  left  (.leneral  Moore  in  coin- 
niand.  with  a  l>o.iy  of  Xt^rtli  Caro!in;i  troops.  ^Nfoore  was 
succeeded  by  Xash,  and  ».'n  iiis  de})<irtiire.  General  Howe, 
the  senior  othcer,  astinned  the  connnand.  He  was  fn^n 
Xorth  (riirulina,  and  i-y  hi-  ;;\v;;  ,;/v'.,'U-;:  \7e1l  C  'li^.r-  ri;  !  in 
hoth  the  Candina?.  (  hi  tiie  li'/iii  ^  M-r^.'.er.  i  77'h  piih- 
lished  in  orders  tlie  prv)niotiou  ...t'  (;<;]. jriels  (.ra«isd:Mi  aud 
ALoultrie  to  the'  rank  -.>r  j>rit.'-adier-<  ^enend.,  and  a-dun'-d  to 
them  tlieir  respi^crive  <■"]' .\ ii'l-.  th.ii  of  idoi!«;r;:;  '::':-<len 
beintr  on  Sulii^'an's  [.-hi:::*..  <.)n  r -jGrdi.  Au^'u-t.  i  7 7 7 . 
(reiieral  (iaiUdeii  resiirned  hi>  e^iuiai !->h.)?i  into  the  iriinb  '.-f 
(rcneral  lL.>we.  Unfi/itrinately,  wldh'  »  Toneral  (4ad<;.leu  lias 
prec-ervc'l  f^o'  us  (Teii';Tal  Howt^"-  re])ort  'd  the  affair.  i;e  did 
n(jt  take  die  same  pains  r<i  preserve  liis  reply  to  ^  roneral 
Howe.  He  liad  a  profound  reverence  f'.>r  the  Goriii'i-f'-s.  audi 
it  was  rhi-  reverence  Vv-hich  io.dn'.-e'i  iiim  ro  send  his  rt,*signa- 
tinn  tn  (TCiien^i  Ho\re.  and  not  as  many  other  a--.i>:}"ie\'etl 
otJi(5ers  had  done — directly  to  (."< nnrre-.^.  iie  8n.pp"-.'.^  th-it 
some  inspiiry  woulo  be  m;nh.'  bv  tlie  r..>n-ress  as  to  <  .ai-^ 
of  his  resignation,  and  he  was  hurt  at  its  being  ro  ■-•i  -.  ^-d 
witliout  any  ci>mnient.  A- lie  was  in  a  iiianner  the oriL'inator 
of  tlie  C()ni::ress,  he  felt  that  his  re-!gnario?i  «.Hii::ht  not  to  hiLve 
been  acceptevi  v.  ithout  hi>  being  rUlowed  an  opportunity  '.d 
vindicatir:g  himself.  He  u'rote  often  and  confidentially  to 
his  friend,  Wm.  Henry  Dra^ti-n,  an«]  t'lrougli  Idui  r-M-idved 
in  June.  177>.  a  C'»ity  of  Ho-va-^- hjrrer  to  ( 'ongi'es-,  rhis 
letter  tlie  freneral  rer>iie'l  in  a  lettei-  d:uej]  d  ilv  I.  :  •  Wdn. 
Ibniry  DrovTon.  ,1  •  -p-."  < .■■'d  h  vv-.^  -e^r  t-  «^r.:::cr;iJ  dl.^'.vr. 
Tills   letter,  in  his  .-ait-i.-iut-nt  coi-rc-j Mecit-nee,  1:  ■-■  to 

continually  as  a  i^d/iic  letter,  .-ind  perli.-ip-  it  was  oe.-.e.-c  lie 
so  considered  it,  that  he  to:dv  no  pains  t'>  preserve  it.  [infor- 


€8 


tuuatcly.  Mr.  l>j-aytuii  did  not  so  consider  it,  and  made  no 
elfort  t<:»  pui'ii.^Ii  it  anionL^  the  uiend>ers  of  Congress.  Thi.s 
lett.^r  wa>j  the  cause  of  the  duel  bet^veen  tlie  two  (.renerals. 

Giiueral  Howe  .says  that  about  four  niontlis  before  the  (hue 
of  his  letter,  that  is  about  May  1.  after  lie  had  been  more 
tha-n  six  nionths  in  undisputed  conunand  of  this  ]H)st,  (bjueral 
Gadsden  desired  to  kuow  by  vvliar  right  he  commanded.,  au'l 
claimed  that  lie  Idnistdt  ',va-  thr-  !;;U!ir  M  counnandor  i:.  Sourh 
Carolina.  Geiw::\ii  li-jwe  e:\i)!c.ir..jd  r  >  'al-a  iii-  and 
sliovred  tlje  error  into  udnch  (General  (iatlsden  hud  falien. 
respecting  coiitiicri : •• .  •  '  -  '  . '.  .■'•t.  ( >n  the  request  of  rue 
latter  that  the  mu:-j:r  -  ;\-d   r...>   ('.'!:u-re>>,    <  b.'!:*/ral 

Howe  replied  tlmt  us  he  had  no  doiii't  i:  -  ■  r'-.-  •  "wn 
rigiit.  he  would  express  none,  \<'\:  it  .:>tii-.  r  'te^ir-:";  :ie 

would  eommu'.iieate  tlsose  rloubrs  to  f.'^ •         U:-.         -  : 
was  assenterl  to.'     At  a  siil^-etpient  inter\-ie\v,  a  few  d--.  : 
ward,  (jeneral  Howe  \vas  led  to  ].»clicvo  tliat  iron  or  a' 
was  now  satistied  a:^  to  iii^  right,  and  the  letter  was  nor  -vrit- 
ten.     One  day  in  August  tliey  met  at  the  house  of  Pre-"'''. :  : 
Lowndes,  and  (.xencr.-d  (r.-id-'h'Ti  iii.juire-l   wliether  ilie  :.  ; :  .-r 
had  been  VvrLCcei\      ij-id  i>een  agrei.-d,  and  on  <  toTicra'  Ii'.-we 
reiiiying  in  the  n*?ir;it!.ve.  uu^i  gi\'inLi:  m<  rofison-  for  no*:  i.av- 
ing  ih<':\i  i^,  he  >ai']  tiuit  ihc  niatter  >ii.«iiid  be  iu-ougiir  l^y^^^-rv 
the  IL>ase  of  Assembly.     A  motion  was  iiccordinglv  rn.i'.ie 
shortly  after  by  Wm.   Henry  .  Draytiau  to  in- iJiire  inr^ ;  -hc 
nature   of   Genei-al   Howe's  eoniioand   in   thi^  Srato.  Th- 
motion  was.  in  my  opinion,    very  .pr-'-erlv  v-:jc'-r<-i\,   -v.;  I 
General  Ga'.Isden  Immediarely  resign e-i  •rtimlr.-i- -n  Int.- 

General  ![•  .weV  Uni-ik,     Tins  is  a  brief  nf  U.:!ie?V;l  li.i\;e*> 
letter,  an-1   1  do       r  Ijobeve  r'lere  was  any  ^taienit-r.r  : 
wiiich  General  Ga.'i-h'-:.     .•■i:iMdi<:red.     The  rest  of  the  -ry 
shall  be  ttdd  in  his  < /.^  ^   •  -nU  : 

^•Gn    rh-    llrh    ;vf    ,\v:-ii^r    ■     :•  ■  :.v  ilu,      ^  ■ 

Aide-de-(,'HUip  a  h>ng.  -:\j>o--:i;:. ii.-trtT.  <iar.t.'<i  f.v  ■  - 
before,  with  a  demand  f' e*  --^li ■  l-.yi  :n  the  eh'se.  i 
made  lum  re])aratioD.  fur  tiie  •  .p;e-i-.'n  i  had  ii!;!.de  u-*;;  "f. 


GO 

relative  to  hiiu  in  inv  letter  of  the  4th  of  July.  I  wrote  for 
answer  next  in<jrnln'j\  rliat.  i  w;i.-;  i'.:iidy  b)  giv^-*  iiiiii  anv 
satisfaction  lie  thouu'ht  jn*o]>er,  wlien,  and  vrhere  lie  pleased. 
That  I  tliouii'lit  him  tl'^'  ;\^txv^:'~>^^v  h\  li:ivi;ig  wror^-  :-::<;'^  an 
Uiinece>>;!rv  iler;ui  vh'  tliat  n:.;;r  -  i:t  v..  •  .uiittiii^  my  !*hi;.:; 
objeeti'. >ri.  aiui  especially  f^-:  iO'ti.i.u-  nie.  wlioni  it 

nearlv  eoneerned.  have  a  copy  of  it.  a;iO  ri-.-iu.  he  li:-ifi  u!»h'wiy 
to  hhiiriL'  hut  lihiiseif — rh:it  T  never  .-a-w  hi  -  det.-ui,  wlii.-- 

^iir!;  ■M':'tO    (-Hi  'rr,  IvT  teil  JlTter    tUe  '];•■:••  r, 

Thr.      .   .       ''r^'iL  hi:;)  aiul  tv'  '  lae  passed  !;et(^r,;;  rh? 

matter  eauio  a  point.  In  lh>.  he  ^'-ive  me  as.:-.ur;iii-  ^;  i' 
he  ilid  not  mean  in  anyth-in^i"  he  >-hd  to  r!;:!c'<;r  api,n  ii.y.re 
me,  atL(l  as  r-*  rhe  l>reacii  -h  pri*!!?!-^-  I  :u-ru-eh  ii'-i.  ■  .'.  h,<' 
*h:''hare'l  he  rijally  under^:' ■,.![  m.^  iind  -el  ft_>rrh.  h. 

if  tile  re  wa.-  a  r-ii;;t.  his  ndersrai)- h  in: .  and  not  hi-  i  .:rej':"ity, 
was-  t.)  Idaine;  and  had  he  imap:in-d  i '  v.dslied'  to  see  hi-  let  for, 
he  sli^ndd  most  ciieerfully  Iviv^j  S'^nt  it  to  rae:  tliat  he  liad  not 
the  least  Vv-i>li  to  ct>in:eai  it  from  me.  My  friends,  (Colonel 
Elli'-at  an».l  Colonel  Ilorrv.  who  were  the  only  persons  wlio 
had  tiie  least  hint  of  this  aifair  from  me,  seemed  to  thiak  rids 
a  <rreat  concession,  and  ret.paired  some  nutice  or  ap'jloiry  on 
my  ^ide.  and  oar  frien'i,  Colonel  Fifichney,  who  wa-  ^no 
(Tenerahs  secianh  ajjpeared  to  he  ot  the  same  opinion.  Ihic 
I,  looking  upon  it  only  as  pri\'ate  and  pursoual  to  me;  and 
wherea.-  the  ex[>reosioris  of  me,  lie  particularly  referred  to, 
(of  my  letter  to  you)  related  to  the  manner  of  a  ijuldic  act, 
his  i^etting  .  as  it  st;omed  to  me,  in  command  here,  am.l  n--  I 
did  not  see  how  it  wns  jtossiijle,  widi  anv  kind  of  propriety 
or  adheraiice  to  truth,  .to  abstract  tiic  priviite  letter  frs.aa  tl\e 
]>ni;lis-,  I  dcLcrndnea  to  make  no  c* aii'r.--don,  h!it  to  liUjta  aim 
in  any  manner  lie  p''-i;'.-cd.  .lorordiniriy  we  me^  on  the 
oOth.  and  were  phi.-e-l  at  tin.-  di.-f.an<-!^  of  v  iirht  very  >maU 
[)af;t^-.      A.-  'v-, ■[•:iii:>.:r\i  ^,  .  oi  .;    .  :_  .'i  of   uu',  L 

had  ahvjtdy  taktiu  ndue  hy  t-jxpo •.[:.';:•  ins  letter,  wiri?  mv  .-/i.s'ji-. 
vatioT-.s  lUereon,  1  wa-  dr-teniiined  to  rec«>ive  Ids  lire,  wijieh 
I  atuioniingly  did- — after  Si>mo  time,  tired  niy  pistr/I  In'oad 


70 


oti,  'ind  called  him.  to  iiro  au-ain,  wliieli  he  declinetl.  The 
jiiatter  tiiii<  being  over,  J  iliouu'lit  the  iMx-iftiry.  or  rather  llie 
noriee  my  friends  seeuied  V>  think  due  on  his  eonce-sions,. 
vv''juld  eoiiie  in  ^vitti  pr<.>priety,  I  tlierefure  u>h:l  him  tliat 
tUoiiich  .1  mifj-ht  .perhaps  !Meuti«>T»  tbe  \-y:''-->'  yet  he 

rni.irhi  be  assured  that  I  A::ih  nev:.-.-  ;,/  :-.Koii-eof 
any  harsh  exp.>siires  ei.»nee?'ni5ii:-  hi'ji. " 

This  narratit^n,  conipiu^d  h'ji-.i  orij!-:.-ii  -ourees.  sli'V.v-  llint 
Dr..  Johnson  wu.-  isi  er^'  t  i''  -'-riiij  i^i     ■    "  .  .iiuii^:-  : 
Hevohition    that     rlic  arv->-*'  oLricnu  .  -  i^;,' 

(.Teneral  (Ti-.i-'.;'  H-.v/.-'^  ei-ndiii-i.  rl.-j  Floriua  i  ;i- 
ti"n.     I  will  snppieiiicnL  this  arr.-nii  r  i-r  {natter  an 

fxm-:  -r .*:•>  the  Synth  (.'arDiiniaii  .-'ji'l  Anieriea.n  <  >  / 
G;'.,-:;-,  !  :-rMi  <  liarlesi'Mi  Soiatjnihcr  177-,  Thi- 
ne-;-;- a:-  MjNr-ri:  fr  a-  '.nJ  i  \-.';jihii  ■  ■,  _  :  ■:  ;  ■  :.  - 
v  ••,  i>t  th'>se  i^enrlt'nien  wh-j,  i::  hr^.es. 
have  !■.•--  oi  the  hi;^]i  principle  nivolved  in  the  hp  h.  and 
couver . :  iaro  a  me.-uis  of  l)loodtl;ir-ty  reven^-e  : 

"^-viter  the  (-i-enerals  mt-i  aiid  <M;iiirtn,;iialy  saluted  eaeli 
'.vh-r.   (.-reneral   Ro\\'<;  1  lils  sc'.jinl   t*)  acipiainr  his 

fi''(-'-  !>.  in  case  he  sIimuM  r'ali.  that  it  \v'a.>  his  earnest  rc(pie>t 
:  •  .;;  •  r-  nd  not  proseente  (Tonerai  (Ta<l>deii  beyond  the  :'«>riri- 
aiity  of  a  trial ;  and  Irefi'-ra]  ^-hnl^den  desired  r»otlv  riie 
seron'is  to  ac'- plaint  his  friep.d-,  in  ease  he  -h'.aildfalh 
enrirely  foi'irave  (reneral  Howe,  and  earnestly  be;i^vd  lem 
not  to  prosecute  him:  and  he  particularly  e!>j'jined  Tih-uel 
Fint-kney  -t'.*  charsre  "his  S'>n  not  to  intermeddle' in  the -itfair 
at  all.  General  flowehs  second  theiL  stejtj'ed  ^>n:  the  di-Miice 
lixed  upon  by  him  aicl  Cbhunel  Ellif*';  —  eiirlit  <hort  ]ki -es  — 
a^ld  die  0,^!.era^  i-Cin^  plai'ed,  (.'ehiTitl  Fi '  i-.*:': .  >aid  .  G^rarle- 
nieii,  "^^''e  have  marked  one  your  in.rtanee,  and  leave  _\  I'U  to 
;t..-i  a-  V    ;  ■  '  ■    ■    :  .  a-   '    .  '      j  '  ■  -  '    [t^  ;..  rid-  I-  nn  ' 

Imrer.  (j-eneral  liu'A"0  then  eaid  ti..-  Gonea  ...  ,  -  ieu.  '  1:  o'o. 
sir.'  General  Gadsden  saiu,  aD»";  y-']  r;ra  lir^tG  G-a.a.d 
Howe  repUes,  "^Ve  will  both  tire  ta»ii:er]ier. '    Genera]  (ei'is- 


71 


deii  made  no  answer,  l)ut  both  jrru^eiited.  There  was  a 
pause  for  a  few  second;?,  and  General  Howe  lowered  lii^ 
pistol  and  said,  with  a  simde,  '  Why  won't  you  tire.  Genera] 
Gadsden?'  General  Gad-den  re|)liod..  'Yoii  ]>rouiz-iir  nie 
out,  Geii*.:ral  Howe,  to  tiii-  i':iil-]>iay.  ainl  (-n-'lit  io  beain  tiie 
eutertainmenr. '  Genei'al  Howe  lired,  and  mi.-sed-  General 
Gadsden,  after  a  short  interval,  tired  his  pistol  t)\'er  his  left 
a-r?ii,  about  at  riprht  anu'les  from  (Tt.'in^rid  Howe,  aiid  then 
called,  out  to  Genera:  H"'.v..'       lir-:  :v^-.\ln,     'v.tenerui  I[''»we 

anil  at  the  same  thiu-      v      : h'-  .::        '■■  > 
pi>t«.»i  in  it.  said,  'X".  General  <.iad--!eiu  1  (••■mr-  -c.  nfcvr  <  ;::s.  ' 
Geut'i'ai  '(i;i«l-<leu's  seeondr  said  ih-  wa~  2'la<l  r-=  .-..-c  i.iU'-ii 
liDiii.r  in  tile  (T.-nerai:  that  iie  did  not  'thinly  Genci-al  ( bi*! -(Jt.-n 


•  VtAr.  (-Itinera!  H.t/we,  1  will  nienri.M'i  rv>  vou  -wiiar  I  coibd 
nut  do  ;;*'r'ore.  as  niy  let'er 
efUivanieO  in  it  seenNMl  tu 
privanj-  uue.  the  parts  in  it  wliieh.  in  tUe  !.>i»inion  uf  my 
bi'.::d-.  'err  an  openinir  for  an  'l''j:y,  1  ceuld  not  Ta.ke 
iiorici-  <it:  !nit  I  fold  ray  friend  in  e.-UTia-'^^  ]>t'fore  I 
came  on  the  _i>'r<.»uj\d,  ili'ii  I  iiitendei]  to  n.-celve  V'..ur  rii'r:  roid 
thoiid'  I  may.  perii.-T-,  talk  this  jj  :,r^vr  ovf-r  .i-;t.iu,  [•  a--:\ri3 
you  1  shall  never  in  future  make  v«yt,f  mw  harsli  expre-SK.r-; 
eoncernin;^  you.  •  ( ieTieral,  Howe  said  it  was  very  ao-reeubh- 
to  1dm  tliPit  the  matter  teniiinated  in  this  way.  ansi  lie  ^ras 
liap[>y  that  iio  had  nii><ed  him.  General  GadsVum's  ><■■(•, .jid 
said  he  hoped  now  tlie  diiferv;Ma-t>.  '"liar  h:-'  aa; -a  ::!.jd  ti-i^  ourd 
nULrhr  n<_,\v  -sna-id'a  a^^b  "      a -^'^       .  a:a7  The  <  briiara!-, 

tiien,  in  ti;)ken  (.a'  rki-_ia;(a>!:    aa^a ;      iaiial-  .,ad  oarrcub  ' 
The  letters  wlueh  have  laaai  u:y  i:->bdf  in  ^be  hi-t<a-v  of 

ba-    ib:^-.    baa^;-  (  ;a;]sOa!!  -bo'    a-    :  -•■   -^  aa  •  ^ a-  a 

,  ^    .  ■  . .  : ;  a, ^, [  r-i     ^  .  ,  , ,  :  . 

'       ■■  •  aari^M  <:b  'biiy,  c'a-^  saiii*;'  .  k.:  ,  -Tara:-    :      ^  ;i 

and  the  -ame  respect  for  law  and  acutiiority,  vraa.!:  a  -.a 'bed. 

everv  -iiubvlent  ot  his  life. 


72 


It  uiust  be  remeiiiljcred  tliat  in  ^^;lK•]l.  177(>,  tlie  Proviii- 
cial  ( -uM^iTe.-.^  o>t;ii»^i.-]i.v:.  ;.t  Pi\'^;i.-i'^ii;il  ( V)n-tir;;r"  for  rlie 
goverinneiii  <>f  t?i«:i.  p-r-.n-iiice .  >h}riii<j;  t*ie  c<.»?.iti:i li  in-'U  (>i  tlie 
irihappy  di>pur>_-^  wi'li  ri.e  p.M'L'iu  ;^,>uiiri'y.  I'livlcr  Viii^  ( 't)i!- 
^titiition,   .U'j]]\i   Kcr'i'iiiro  wa>  Mi^cto-'i  Pre.-^itleiit,  tun  I  Henry 

to  llie  P result  III-  I'or  ;lp|>i''/%'.'il.  M  j".  jltit  i-.-- :  j'--  ro 
ap}>rove  of  it,  ;iii-i  :>'rhr!i-.Hl  it  to  the  i.e^i--^!- ^vitU  hi- 
rea.s<72)s.  It  i.-  (Hit  ..f  «>ar  pr-\ :  :  ■  r- .  .^x-ainii-e  n^. :-.».,-  n-.'-^.-vn^. 
fc^oirivj  favilieUvS  have  inl'erre*]  iroiu      pai't  or  ins  ^ ;»•.•<.•,' ii  r.'inr. 

i-tlil  ;ioj.>i^.!  {■)!'  ■  <  :;VT,n,:.- i'ari- ^^-jiH  (rreat  Ihr";::'),,  ^ 
oaliiiiuiy  hi<  ■     -   pv.'nr  iiisti.>ry.  is  a  >iitHciviit  re tnr;:.ri'. In 
owliiV  ihn.h  rL"  i  ,i,'-;.-^::;.r'i i-j^  ud-^^^r  ['■•/'.■<-  fr^;^^  iii >e!-ry  ,,v;i,>r).. 
liis  vrno  ■  MiLiuued.  r':-iu'n:ii i' .  A.- 

Viee-:Pr.-;.i.:r.r/"  UnvoiV-,  ri::.  ^.   i  ■v.-^  i 

of  the  (.'ontinciun.!  (  ■»riu:re>s,  it  \va>  Jteees>ary- 1«>-  eL«.  vr  eiuirely 
new  exeeiitive  orfieei'S.     Mv.'  ICawliri.-  Lou-.'uh.-/-  w-,.-  "Icrrt-tl 
Presi^.li-jnt.    aii<l    (.ieueral    Gadhdeii  Adce-Fre.-lfk^iU. 
ex-otrich.)  chainiiai)  of  tlie  Priv'v  Couneil.     I  said  ar  th-j  or.rNet 
tliat  he  must  have  hooii  a  bad  party  man.     Here        have  a 
little  prouf  of  it  from  his  own  pen.     In  one  of  his  :^  ■ -  to 
Mr.   I>rayt<.>u  he  asserts  tliat  this  lionor  wa-  ojar- 
him  for  the  pm-po.-t-  ot  ij^/Ltiii-'  I'id  of  him  at  fin.-ii'-  .:• 
of  the  llou&o  of  As:-,-.;.biv.  an»!  to  ninke  him  int-di;;:  -h-  ri.  rhe 
next.     lie  says  :    "I  saw  plainly  rlieir  views,  b'rc  <--  al«.P  »i<.>t 
avoid  acceptijiir  witiioiir  throwing- The  btate  inr- >  .mm  ni.-inii. 
But  this  I  did  U(^t  ([o  without   letthig- them  kno\r  1  plainly 
perceive<l  tlieir  ui\>r\ve^,'  ^ 

Towanl^  the  tr'id  of  ^Larchu  177^,  the  LeLri-ariire  Imd 
■passed  an  i^rdlnance  exaennLX  au  ^^'a!i  i>t  lideiity  a:;h  :  ;^--hinee, 
imrMjsiui/ cevuro  penalties  upoj]  [hi.>>e  who  -  siiijtiid  rr:\'-i- 
ne^ieet  to  take  it  by  a  certain  <}-V)'.'  Like  ail  ir 
\."a-  irnpiO'i'.j^jr:  ,•  Mc-d.  1d^i^  tina/Lad  t'Xpi;--:  h  .  ■  ; 
were  naiay  n  :  ■vj'i At  tlit-  >ii_i;L:-i.^-ti(ai  ^^--rai 
Congress  and  the  i'ri vv  (.'ouucll,  lh'r>i>ient  L'.'Wnde-  i~-a::d  a 


proelciiiiafiofi  to  extend  ihe.  iui\c  tor  taking  the  oarii.  Tiu- 
act  of  ijniuliience  gave  rise  to  scenes  wliieh  i^ftr.-i ytMi  tiic 
weakness  of  the  governnient,  and  the  existence  in  the  city  of 
a  p'nvt.T  siipt^rior  to  the  law.  AVhetl^er  the  proclamation  M  ;i> 
printer!,  [  know  not.  I  do  not  find  it  in  the  gazette.s  of  tiie 
day,  l)Vit  there  is  extant  a  letter  from  (rovernor  Grids;!',  h 
wlio.  in  consequence  <v  i''-:,---  ■>,■  .]  '  i-i  -^i  •  aftliction  "f 
VlV.  Lowndes,  was  (i'       \     :  '         J        -  ,  ^1:. 

Timorhy,  making  an  a.-arn-.--:  -• 
copies.     Til  is  h.-tter  savours   njore  'sr       '-eriii' - 
fav<)r.  tlviii  tli'}  '^r.-.';'       >     ■  r.  ■,.  r.^r  rli--  iM.-rf":'^     '     ■  ■■: 

^vork-     Thu  r    :.[.:■  ;-ii,y  :  .-  i.'^i  i;i  (ny  u/;  -. 

deifs  own-wonls  :    *  •  It  i  the  proMia;i!:iri"n   wa>  ^'':-:r 
into-  the  Slieriii's  '  ■       .  '    '  •:•    -  :     mvr.:rdd'>ns  ai-irt.ii'd  the 

tijVVn,        W  t'     X'"!      -     -  :\  J/ '         '  — - 

g"i:!ii-  ro  ruin  ■  — and  -  .  ;      i       ,    ■  - 

tion,  I  iieiiv-sv.  "  -  -  -  reu.'l,     A  depvitation  v.-;<-  r- 

the  Pre-id(-nL  «.'f  Dr.  jjinbl,  nud  .-on.ie  otiicrs.     The  - 
njation  ••.vas  returned  to  liini  in  my  pr^r.-«.']i-.'e.  which,  of  ir-rir 
is  i:.-']]r  enough,   'out.  'ursides  that,  tiie  s] >okes nmn.    V\' •!■:•■[. 

that  he  woui'l  :!.o  ia.st  drop  !.)f  iji-  Idood  t!.»  >  loy-rr 
tliem.     Thl>.  I  rh.ai-;.L,  -  -  hi-h  ir  rliat  I  inoii- ;;■  'y 

r-egan  with  V\'"arih  -liri-:-.  r^'';- o y  .  /-'^vl  his  l^cr^ h-. .  \.  > i 
great  ex^*rti<jiis  for 'the  go.,d.     In  return  he  toM  mv  1 

was  a  madman,  but  tirst  t(X)k  care  to  sn*  ak  out  <>f  my  r^^ich, 
Iiowt'ver.     Had  he  not,  I  slioidd  have  doTH'  nothin-'  mo-ro,  ;is 
I  was  ]MaM>M.rf'd — rh:\n  '-v'lat  I  did — hiugli  in  ids  face. 
'    The  Presidf nt  -lid  aii  that  he  could  do.  hut  to  no  o;!r- ■  -m.-. 
A  i..>'--~h':..:  v;is  calh/-l  in  tli;.-  eve'utig.  i  >?-.  lu.idd  pT./  i?)  rhu 
(•hi  ail.  L'v..:r\'  orc-s  v.;-'  •id":  a  ted,  from  r>ri{irinu-  die  proch.  ,<..;(,:!■  -m 
au'd  the  juagi-tra^.c-  d-.'-'.f:rr*>d  fronr  !j:ran.tinir  ceiTihc^ir-^--  d 
;:rido.'nt.     At  thi>  cri-is,  L  Don  y-  '  a  -  :----'am:u-^.,        ■  a 
nt^vr-r  aottrO   ta^^    ;  ,  .  .       '     ' .  ;  -  •  .  r'  a-  o^ia  -i  a'  .         '  i 

would  give  ijHC   :-:a;  ..  a,dy'-.    -.no   ai^rdd -a'- i  ■  ,  d 

appUcaucs  by  the  1 0th,  ;imi  accordingly  aio  to  mafiy,    I  v. as 


74 


III  the  n\h]<t  <:>f  the  people  v/lien  .1  foun<l  tlieiii  ebiofiy  a  int^re 
moll,  wit] I  lie IV  ai;*'  tliCr'*  .-./hk-  who  oiiirh!  not  t<.i'  liave  hco;.. 
au'l  I  -vvas  sorrv  t  here;  ajul  h.id  reason  to        yt  tV"t 

day  much  negac;  ■  ■.■  ii.ipnh-e.  1  told  them  I  lulvisc'd  liie 
measure,  and  tliar  they  ^honid  put  a  halter  aroiuid  my  lioek 
and  hang*  mo  at  ouee,  if  they  thoiiu-ht  it  \vn.» Tliat  t:;ey 
h-dd    a    >•  :      'V.     Th.ry    i::i_-;r     ii; ■p-.i-!;  the 

rresidt;!]::  iia'l.  ncrv..:   'i     '  aiid 

that  tliey  ]i;id  hettr-;.   li..   ^  -r.     jjiit  all  t'.>  ;  ■  ■.  b.i 

mv  0])inion,  if  they  were  not  set  on,  tlie  oKl  lea'>vn  wa-  -w 
hea,rr.  -  >'tv  t,  ir/' 

(■Tenerai  -.r-;.!  -'len  fiu'ther  e.ii  intimare>  chat  tiiC  parties 
enn'airod  in  the  r:ot<»u.-  t/ie-  'dtiiju  to  the  Prj.'-ide?it  v.vru 
,*-h:      :  '     ■  -h  J'  rvaduvt,     iJiit- eertriin  it       "'a-:  ^I'e  hvi-J- 

was  not  rah  ai^iaj.i.  liie  truth  was.  that  th.„  m-...  v. 
never  sati-Med  with  the  vesiirnatioii  of  [^resident  Katle*iiie, 
and  their,  feehnir-  were  sh<-«vrn  in  faerious  <»ppo-;iciou  to  id.-- 
sueee--.>r.  In  Sopreniijer  the  Le,uislature  met,  and  Ihv.sident 
Lown^.he-  -i-n.-  hi  his  ma^^^aiiv  an  aeeount  of  the  riots  in  opp'.*- 
sition  r<;.  h:-  ^  a  -z-hinaiti-a; .  The  l  lon-r  of  As-enallv  ^eenied 
to  he-  un'-viih!iu'  to  fleal  witli  tiie  >u}u-rc^,  arid  aiter  the  ui-o-f.; 
of  a  month,  referred  it  t-j  the  roi!-;h-y: h-n  ra:  r^a^  i-  \- 
House:  that  i>,  .t«.»  one.wnieh.  aceordine'  to  tiie  '  ■.'?a«p:i:th'a. 
would,  he  elected  in  the  foll<.>\ving  Ja.nuary.  AV!iereu['un 
(.Teneroj  Gad-den  wrote  tlie  followin;^  letter  to  the  11' ai. 
Tlntmas  Bee.  Speaker  of  the  (  h^mmons  House  of  AsseUil/iy, 
Oeti.iher  h.  1  77>  : 

"Dear  Sir  :    The  IL>norahie  House,  thinkinij;  pro[)er,  after 
after  havin-/  had  his  E.\.'..-o,eney.   the  Presi^len.ths  mes<a.-v. 
relative   ro  hh   ]n'<M-la!;ait!' a:   of  tlie  hrh  r.f   h•;l,^;.  and  rh-- 
ourrau*e'.>ns  t]'trj.tn -ent  it  ?net   with,  f r«>m  a.  M-rrt  of  *i;e  TaMmie 
^'-.^^'a-."  -1,  a  !i.-.nt!i  '    ■  :  :  rh-ni,  to  ih..-  matter 

' '  *  'Latencar'.    i'a:ea;  f^'-a  '  e 


improper,  I  submit  it  to  the  House,  how  they  think  f  nmst 
feel,  dfter  sndi,  at  least  negative  censure,  especial Iv  !  :  rlie 
deliberatelv  ;;ross  treatment  tiir  'K\-eeutivo  receivot.i  .  =  i<, 
boviy  of  men.  mentioned  in  no  >f  the  Oonstitutiuii,  as  i 

ca?i  rr^'       ".  ^vho  call  themseU';^  the  Hint  Club. 

The  ..iptibie,  surprising  and  u^f^Iess  situarion  with 

regard  to  the  pii'hlic,  I  tin  J  myself  rc-hiced  to,  upon  tliis 
occa^ion.  lays  me  umler        ■  ;    :  ■  ^V'-va^wi:      ■  t-' 

re<inc-r  ^hc  ]^■■^M■>^'::  -  :  -  •  s:n-;c  ;  > 

my  ow:;.  ^  ,  r        ■■^'■^•^ij:   ii\y   ^-.-iu  ^^-^ 

Vice-  i're>i'iiUit,.  It  jnay  u<'t  h.e  '.r-;'-r  forme,  r:;;io-. 
to  let  t'-u'iuir-  carry  mo  f n rthor:  ajii  therefore  resi^-at;d  U) 
5t«>p  lit.'ic,  it  >ir,  y!;!i  think  uiv  rcLrtirnlur  reasons  fi-.i;.:-  inj- 
too  free,  or  will  u'ive  ";.''*-n--'  ri.s  rl-o  Ih  -  'i-e,  •'vldeh  1 
sorry  In-  rh'.a -ot  :;  ;o:'-:-  -f  inroialinu-.  Thit  if  y^n  a-i-o 
not,  and  the  House  will  h,\ir  witli  ti:e  rejuonstra:..-.  .  a 
old  and  faitharni  >ervant.  I  shall  then  be  -a-Hiivd  to  yoii  •  .  ty 
tliom  bi'fore  taaia. " 

The  letter  i-  v^rvy  long,  aiid  must  n<.t  i>e  ([uasted  at  leiurth. 
It  fully  iu--tities  .Mr.  <jVu!icy"V  0'»-"r: o-1on  of  his  ■sryie"  uc- 
i'lain.  olua:,  iau.  aa  1  a^.-'aa  ca;,  ti:"  i^^!  \-ery  sen-ai-=  i ! ; ■ 
'oegiFis  by  a\'=»v,'inu'  hini>elf  the  a<Ivi>er  oi  the  pr< .  •  .a. 
then  shows  the  evil  of  mob  law,  and  its  inevitaide  ten  .h*ncv 
to  deci-rade  and  nnllifv  the  legidmate  i;'"iVt.-]'rjmeuc.  \ i i-.-ti.-r- 
casually  as  to  a  tiling  well  known  r..-  d.e  eircnnistanee-.  whieh 
led  tt>  hi-  election  as  \dee-Pre-iiient.  an-l  the  reason^  winch 
indaced  liiui  to  accept  it.  and  he  con:. lades  with  this  tiaa'iiicu" 
ana  o-  v  a  a\a--o  ..,f  his  whole  life  :  ' '  1  have  had.  u'itiiout; 
a->ko:„  ■  :  :''^a.:!:_-  an.v  i!i;in*>  vt.Jte.  ^ii.metlv  <.>r  indirect  ha  the 
[ioraar  t^^  ^er\'e  n:v  .--'a:^:!-;.'  .'  a-  -.cinv  vr^ir-  in  Vfirirna-  -^^r^^a;-. 
aheav-  ti^rallv  dtua:.r-al  {'•■   e;:a-   ooa.'--  'ir   ratrt  "<--a--       .  - 


or  '  foe- — inn.n"''atted  bv  none — -eon^taiirlv  utreudma" 


76 


durv  while  a  meiuber  of  AsseuiM-- •-;i>;iK-ing  no  piv.inisos, 
])Ut  ahvavs  akee}'iji^- iiiyself  disoriti- .  -ii  ovcry  i|U'/>nuii 
for  every  uffieer  v/liatwer  v.';iritvMl  tor  huv  de]>:ui:iue!it  "f  the 
Staro  <,)r  eoncerninv:;  any  i^rher  iiiHtTGi'  '-t  iM-iutjiit.  'tiIi  it 
ea.iiio  before  the  IL«n.-e,  aiid  tLeJi  v-trc.l  rHT-r-rHi:::^-  i<;  r-ny  •>v»;a 
jn!]g:ment  foi*  the  ^"•'1  '^'^    ;  -   ^-^'---^i^  it 

cowardly  to  ioave  : on  ;i  d i v-;- ■  ^  ^.,.-^-_]~m 

wi.r  -  n;di  -s  ir  <r.----r\  curiicenii'']  )]V^--:.t,  '>r  1  r';.;.  ■  '  :■: 
ii^r       ,  _  ;--:-!.ijd  t■;^'  ^■-rni-  it  was  piir  S'-:d>Mi-,  i; : 

iriir  a  morion.  L----  :   :'o-  r:.>:i:-iy  •       -lid.  .-"Tv 

than  rhi.-  1  v-<  '•;..hi;d  uo<>n  a.-  cal>;)lling,  warpin-'  ri's 
'•  "  .  ■  '  ■  ,1  -■Old  .-f  n\j;ison  :iL:';u)i>r.  or      hosi  [''"  '  ' 

.  '  f..r  Mir  Srate;  and  If  I  !i.)\r.  t(!^^';l:    ■  o 

("•'.■-«.•  »..<f  a  I'-nu".  dii.-.oi-.'iv-tcd  and  l.-doorioii^  >er\doo. 
fav'T.  'driier  of  indivi«iuai>  --v  die  ..nidi'-  d--  „: "^ro,  Ivn  it  be 
^-"-d  ni/oo  a-  a  idr d-iini  dcr!,;-ui;'4  ijijenti'OL-no^s, 
■  0  r-.  ■•■  0:-^  T  jd  tiiO  caii^e  of  equal  etJn^litutil end 
hbercy,  religi'..'i>  -xnd  civil  to  all,  p>vernor  and  ^.A-frnL-d, 
and  having  not  a  dor^ire  ,and  who  never  had  ?)  fia"  ]\iu\.->']i 
and  t:  =  in-t:ie>e  re-])ec:5:s.  tiiat  he  doe^  not.  from  tlie •  bor~ 
TOO:  .  •:  -d-  .rouh  wi.-li  for  every  h'.-ne.st  uuui  in  the  State,  and 
indeed  in  ad^  the  world. 

]>edirve  me.  -ir,  rh^^  exquisite  feeii.>._2*s  arising  from  a  c.-.n- 
sei<*-i-:=  <.'!  h:odeu  I'.-ted  in  tins  stuadv.  uniforni  manner-  in 
]:nd  •■  inis  niivde  me  more  tiiaii  ^impie  amends  for  eveiw 
neglect,  every  disagreeable  circumstance  it  has  occa>ioned 
throng  IS  .selfish, .  amlutious.  arbitrary,  and  de'^lgidn.u'  men, 
wlio-e  private  view.s  liave  beer  occasionally  thwarted  tiicrebv, 
I  hrivf  -erved  win)  nlea^are  under  the  Pre^iflent.  and  witoess 
to  Ids  indefatigubie  aitentiini  i<-  -'id-di  •  interest,  not  only 
in  present,  bnt  in  several  order  im [ ->ur tan t  sta^-io-n..-.  on 
vej-y  trylni::  o''easi.;tn- :  ha-.'e  long  and  weil  k'nown  Id.s  ii...-,e-t, 
-'O.-d'^e  d'-iOT.    -iod   de.ed  ueeir  -  y.O'd-  d. 

teei  extreme iy  t<.>r  his  dedi-*attr  .-iLnuti-.'n.  and   ns-'-.-  -r!  v 

wish,  for  my  connrry's  >ake,  tij-o  isv:  inid  :;:>i.-r  ^•npo^e-L  ar 
much  merited  from  every  good  and  iioaest  man  in  the  ^r.^te. 


77 


and  to  v:l:;ich.  ?is  ;l  private  citizen,  I  ;iui  hopeful  to  contrilmtc 
my  mite,  hi  a  ]>nblic  static'iu  jis  times  go,  I  can  aiford 
n*>ne.  (tIvc  leave  t«)  cuncliKle,  with  declarinij,-  that  h\d  1  nor 
thus  ^hi:>\vn  mv  ynniie  resentnicnt  in  the  strunuiC^t  manner  I 
am  able,  aiLi'ainst  tlie  proceedings  justly  represented  hy  the 
President  in  his  message  of  tlie  ovd  of  Septem]»er.  I  should 
have  ever  thought  myself  accountable  for  ah  the  riots  and 
mobs  throughout  the  State  that  may  happen  in  ctjnsequence 
of  that  which  liappened  in  Charlestow7K  the  '■-.]■  Jiuu^  and 
as  having  al)etted  the  artful  opposcrs  s-.d  •! •■t  the 
]>eaee  by  negatively,  nt-  U-.---..  :.i->i-ri;r.r  them  in  their  ind.iivi.-t, 
underhanded  practicing-.-  m  rh  part  --.'i  t!ie  Cu!!-citu- 

tion,  the  preseiT  ■i'-   .-  ■  '  • 

to  tiirow  all  inr       'i :  ^  ■■  -    . .  , 

get  the  whole       '  ':.    •     j  '   ;.  •  •-".r  '/    /,  -iii'l  at  -:irri- 

'zrhvj:  the  duty   I  ^ ^ ;  ^Mre.  ^^t;-; 

idle  tickling  of  a  ia(.)m-/nr,;ry  MULL:i"jr  •  cirii  a  :< ;0  ^!.— in:  -i,^ 
small  j~»art. ' ' 

Without  |)retenilirjg  to  rho  the  controversy 

between  the  President  a.nd  l  ionur;tL  <  h.: Isden  and  the  H<.;U.-e 
of  As>eiiib]\-.  I  r;;ki:'  '^i'-^'^^'*;  III  rciMrdiuu  t'^at  the  har^^r 
bodv  was  C'>ni];'o-ed  -h'  wcn.     X«..-t;  only  ^''ero  they  n-vr 

aggrieved  at  the  rebuke  win  eh  the  Vice- Pro-blent  aombii-- 
tered'  ti;.  them,  but  they  nir.-  -d v  —int  ••  ■  ■•':t':!;o  to 
entreat  him  to  withdraw  hi-  re^,_:^u.  .,l  An  u.vrraei  n-i*:'^  M: 
letter  to  Mr.  I)rayt(jn  will  explain  hi:-  eondnet.  and  eoiicbiot; 
tiie  history  ot  this  affair  :  "The  iIo(i>e  met  a''<-.,f,iihj: 
adjournment,  very  tew  nKMuftcrs  ini;>-«.'o:  thr-  Pre-iderit  nu-.d;.' 
a  very  proper  an*!  sinrired  r-;;.r:.— riiratiou  ot  riu;  !H.-hav;.<-r  <•:' 
the  mob  in  Cdiarlestoii  ;  .  ;  :        h.:i,e.     '-ideii   u;,:'.  ■ 

i.;-ten^ibly  on  account  of  his  pr< 'ehimativn ,  *  iir  ••f:::iy  oi-  ! 
verily  persuaded)         ;       birred  up  and        -t  iL-.>ir;u"  bv  :.. 
e;d>aL      Tiie   ]ii>n.-  .  -odng  it    ix-T^e.-  :\  ir 

through  tlie  inriuenee  of  the  town  uictj b,H-r-,  leir  it  ->ii  r  , 
next   House.     In  the  me-fintime,   the  i/'resident  ;ind  Ihav-v 
Council  are  to  put  up  with  the  insult.     1  was  macli  afraid. 


78 


Mr.  Lowndes  wouM  have  resigned,  which  would  have  jtiit  the. 
vState  into  prreat  eonfur^iou,  and  would  have  given  the  ])arty, 
who  were  hopeful  tl^at  oltieers  would  not  have  been  found  tc; 
set  tlie  nevr  CoiistitutiMU  a  going,  tiie  utni<;ist  pleasure.  Tiie 
resignation  of  the  Council  would-  have  done  the  same :  i~  -■■■v 
my  part,  as  Tice-Pi-esident,  ami  a  new  election         ■  ^ 

I  thought  my  resignation  could  i>e  of  little  m'..>me.nt  to 
the  State,  and  at  tlie  -.i.-e.e  liine  ^'iii] -n;-  it  would  ■  -  *'  s- .ihc- 
good  consequence.  -    ■  "    ':      ■  ■  .i 

show  a  feeling  up"':  -    .  ,  c    :  ,  : 

I  thouirht  myself  in  a-nianner  j-*:" 'i ■ ^  uri^;;  r-  ir. 

from  r;;y  -iati<")n,  -iirl  'i:-:'--'  '  •  -  '  -    -'.i,-  -r;-'-'     -  -  -,. 

tile  S'  ,-■:!--"■,  ;  ,.        r>,:-,  ^viio.      -        ,„/  ■:, 

Wi  'i:;. '  .-^     -   ^  ■  :      /  .]>  i  cely.      f  ]  •     ■  ■ 

T  ■:v.-  i.-r.kc^M,  V,w  ki-i    ..^  .-       ^   :   -■  -i-    nv:  /  -    ^      ■  - 

send  tw^>  meiiibers  t')  de-ire  [  w<-/iiid  i  :  -  : 

Ti«_>t  refuse,  rherefi>ro  ^tiU  remain  in       '^  n  ;r 

without  i'easou  to  diiiik  my  letter  ha.^  d<.'f}e  some  g< >d  that 
may  H]) pear  in  in tn re." 

In  January.  177'.'*.  the  Legislature  met  in  piirsn  '•(  the 
pruvi.--:viis  of  tiio  new  ( 'oi!>cir.ut'.or.  In  the  >-ii:  ■."»nth 
John  ituciflire  was  elected  ( to verm.>r,  and  Thomas  l-'w!.-  i.i..--;- 
tenant  (lovernor.  At  what  time  kteneral  (k;..:-  -  :  was 
elected  to  tiiek'^-"  :  d«)es  n^r  hi-pc.ir,  hut  it  v..m:  ■^:'.;v- 

in  17^'^  wlvy.)  ]'>ee  ^^"•.s  -v'lir  ri:>   (/u[!;rre->.       i  k.^:; 

approach  of  the  invadiimj-  En--H-h  army  caused  the  he imre 
to  adjourn,  after  h^uim:'  conierre*!  :ip<:>i;  (lover nor  Uurii'd^-e 
tliose  extraordinary  p-jwers  which  have  since  given,  il  e  "'.^ 
title  of  Dict:it<"»r.     .It  may  lie  observed,  in  passing,  il  e. 
exiraordinary  p;e.-f-.  r.     -nmrru-d  e  h  ,.:;-::Uure,  e 

cienr  reply  to  tho.-.e  m;viignaut  cavilitns  w:ie>  .-ec  iii  ]l:r:  .■••.•/=.>* s 
veno  of  tile  ''i)n;-''.-^  ^  ■  ''^        -^'^-a  t'>   le'ee-'    ;-e!'  . 

and- in  h.i>  >  -  ..i  :  VT.*,  .i  ti..-;e-  ;;--.:.ie 

attempt  to  ei;  m  : 

Whi;-r  tiie  .m  ( 'on-ra.-. :  ^ :         -^-e.-  -n,  n-e,-.--  [..o- 

cola  pressingly  urged  (-««>vern.>r  Unciedge  tu  iea\'e  Hh:  T  yvvn 


79 


with  the  whole  of  his  Council,  thinkioii  rhat  the  civil  aiirliuritv 
of  the  State  would  he  tuore  a(ivanta<>-e<>u>] y  exeeuLod  m  die 
couutrv  tlian  iu  the  ])esie_ii'e(l  luetropoli:?.  and  that  rhus  the 
Executive  authority  niig-hc  be  preserved,  even  if  tlie  Capital 
should  fall — that  the  citizens  iu  the  country  should  not  e<?n~ 
ceive  themselves  deserted  in  ;  •':!-  -  hmger.  In  ])ur- 
snance  of  tliis  advice.  Gov-  _     left  Ch^irle.-ton 

April  12,  17^0.  wi r ' ..  i'rivy  Council.  Lieu- 

to::.M' :  • '■■  ••ni- G- U^d.-ii,  whli  '[.■    -■■.-^^  ' 
a\v;!ir  ^iv-iTC.     A      :nr.:  -,:i^^V'V,ii-\- .  .  - 

Lincoln  suriv'jde:\:' '■.        Ki'vuy.  anvl  hy  the  terms  of  v 
tion.  Lieutenant  <roveruor  (.-lad-i;  h.er  wir-  "-i-rs 

.       [  }i.]]y  civil  atuhority,  ^^-v-.-       '  1  i'l-L-oir-r- 

It  •-  ''^  -  !■)  -,iy  riiar  <ie::.:r:'i  rTUil-den.  ■  \: 
pns;.>uer.  v.---.  tirin  to  tlie  cause  of  IndependencL'.  -a-Ji 
restrained  1  riv-Av  "•■•••vr--"'!--  frr-n:  <t(..in2'  -any thin <r  in  i:ir':--';-  ro 
tlie  cau-c  uf  hi i>  Brilaiitdf  Majesty,  yet  tli<j  silent  e\.-..:;roie  of 
himself  and  outliers  who  fell  with  him.  men  who  were  r.-vered 
by  th>-ir  [..•il^^'v-citizen-.  In  id  a  oowf-rful  inrhience  in  r<-.rrn.in- 
in-'  }:.. .'.  't'.-;a  e\-''han;i'i.-._j:  rhei»;  o^a-'.des  as  prisoners,  for  tlie 
pr       .       iiMi  ri;  v:]  iU-!.ri:.ii  subjecL>.     After  rhj^  nj.^ne-. 

cesstul  attempt  of  (rentn*:-d  Gates  lo  relieve  the  r.*.rd 
('f;rnwaU[s  ro^;  ■  '  't  as  a  >n'.;uere'l  province,  and.  litrvriv 
violated  the  terms  oi  tlie  capitulation.  On  tlie  2 Ttr-  A-ium-l. 
General  Gad^-dun.  mo>t  uf  the  civil  otiicers  of  the  Sr;i.r.\ 
some  other.-,  wliose  attachment  to  tlirj  cause  of  the  Ki-'.  i  luti*,>n 
was  co!i-;)i(:U(jus,  w^re  taken  early  in  the  mijrninir  irom  riadr 
beds  :;.nd  tlieir  ht'>n.-cs.  and  esci.-rrod  b\-  arnuid  pa]'t!.;-  i"o  rlu? 
Exclhm^xu  '.vsurrioo  :iu:v  ^\-CL*e  -l;.*  r..  --  i-i"'!.  -hip.  n--  :^  htu" 
day>  aiLer',v;ini>  to  Sr.  August ine. 

This  wa,^  a  j^n^ss  vi<.)lation  of  tlm  I'ayutiilatii tn.     ?  '  - 
jIi  il^e-    '"o::;.        (;:i:irrt:'r-  if!  (  nrist  i'i\iir-h  i';ir;-'\, 
he  !m  I  i'-.'a  ..-^i^iir  I  ^^u  p:ir'^hj.  wrotti  to  (.'oh>nel 
protest    airainst   the    onti-aLi-M   to    wliicli   the  comii     ■  o. 
replied,  that  his  letter  was  written  in  :-m^i  exceptioJiabi.:  and 


80 


i]nwarraii}al)le  ttTiris,  that  it  slioukl  not  be  jinswered.  jS'otliiiiLr 
diuiiited  by  this  repulse,  the  Generiil  made  another  etY^rt  iu 
behalf  uf  the  unf oniinate  2>ri?oners,  to  which  he  received  a 
\'erlml  aii>\ver,  tliar  the  coniuiandant  wonld  d«>  as  lie  ]<!ea.sed 
with  the  [H'isoiiers,  .t\)r  the  irood  of  IJi.s  }klajesty's  service, 
and  nor  as  General  Moultrie  pleases. 

Un  riieir  arriv-al  at  St.  Auii'ustine,  the  prisoiiers  were 
oifere<l  rlie  liltort}-  of  tlie  town  on  their  parole.  This  (xenLM'al 
G-aiisden   indignant!;-   ;■  '■    ■  '    ■  ■  •  !^  vrv-o^'*^-  ^     •  :o 

once,"  he  said,  "ano  i:  it;,-  -    -^.iait-u    -y  :;ie 

British-  Government;  I  si :•  to  p^'ople  ou 
whom  no  faith  can  be  reposed,"  He  \\  v. rh-ir  nivi- 
<::eo;,!  '   ' :[  :  ' 

••I  y„  -  •  "     :  v-i-.'^     Th_-   i..  ., :  :.:.y 

iie   was  vO  '   :  :      .  ''^  o.    ''^''r.  i;c 

Iv:.      ;:L-- =  7;rrv-'  ,A    v  ^ ^     l^:;  l\  letnOL'i!>U'  lilO 

r„,:: — .       :  /  ••  -        ■u\-d    '    •  ^  r  -  ;     ^.  :  ■    ;t   [liat  ^.d  d-:>\ 
this  wa>  '  ■      '  '.r\-  t  •  ••.'^iv^rs.  the  <  rciii^cd  t-'i  accc;-:  Hie 

offer.     .  ,;  '  >rjicr  (ti > K'f^-    i  wii is-ii  hi ■  H- ■  v-- 'r-.-d  hi- fi  ■;■  od 

lei  sure.     .-.s   tn-j  study  >.•!   'die  li.L'bro^v  '••nuaie,  and  he  ••■ 
out  of  rlie  dungeon  a.,  njore  learned  n;an  liianwhcnhe  e!iLc.-;edi 
it. 

weri-       '  -  ~-  '  ^,u^-"-  d^rin'/d  r<'>;H''  d;;-  att;iir>  I'j  '  ' 

T!:--  . "[  .'."i.iv-i  \vcre  i^iMgiac::  ■  l)Ut  td.  _:'e 
led  to  !:-c;i';v.,-  that  ruiri  'vas  hanii-ing  over  thi--ni.  Tiiey  ■■•■.••...-re 
threatened  wicK  btd'iu       "  -  v;  .^-ro  tlie  do, id^  >>f 

Al.^.e-  A::  d-.d  ;     ■      :  -  ^-.d  ^        i'"  -■-vits  ai;o  ...u- 

Alter  Ten.  ni  o-m-   •  -  i  ••••.•■d'lsioii, 

the  war.  r         .        i.  /  : 

they  lieart.i  ot  Greene's  su<;c>;>sTid  •  i 
trous  (jefea-t  of  (dates,     (  baierpdl  '^>;u 


General  (didsd'.'n 


ed  Phi 


en  i.iHsteiie'.l  ii.'.,'j,ne  tt 


81 


assise  in  recovering  South  Carolina  from  the  British,  and  was 
immetliatelv  elected  a  riieuiher  of  the  Legislature,  wliieli  met 
in  Jacksonlyoro,  1782.  Governor  ItUtledixe  laid  douTs  bis 
office  before  the  Legislature,  and  General  Gadsden  was 
elected  to  the  vacant  place,  fie  declined  the  honor,  how- 
ever, saying  : 

'^r  have  served  you  in  a  variety  of  stations  for  thirty  years, 
and   I  would  now  c]]*--rful]v  ^-uV.  forlorn  h-r  ^  an 

assault  on  the  lines  ur  i.  •larii.-.--^ v. .  r  vrai? proiju. ■  ih 
the  certahi  loss  of  my  life  you  would  l.)e  reinstated  in  v<:,Rr 
capital.     What  I  can  d.»  for  -'vm'*}-.  I  am  wi'i'        •  \o. 

]>Iy  senri:,.:-:\^-  ;'  ri^^  A'.i'''-uj- ^-.u.  :.  ir^Kii  the  ^'  ;  ^ct 
downw;r  -  ;    ■  -::;j'ed.     i  f-m  r^td-  of  '>}:■:::;  i.nit 

it  is  t])e  cause  of  liberty  and  ot  biu;:-  •  :.re.  If  u; /  ■  ••••■p- 
t".^;  -'       .t-..,..  ,v'  (^.ivernor  '    "    ■  ■ 

personal  credit  and  reputation,  I  would  cbeerfuily  undertake 
ii.  The  present  ti:nc>  require  the  wgor  and  the  actis-ity  of 
tlie  prime  of  life ;  but  I  feel  the  increasing;  intirmities  of  age 
to  such  a  degree,  that  I  aiu  con-<;i;']:-  I  cannot  serve  you  to 
'  ^  ..'.^  I  tht^'cioro  '  ei{  V,  ouul  indulge  me  with 
the  lii)ertv      do;:':  "r'hious  irusL'' 

He  wa.  i:;  ]r  :  ^  ^  -  ■Mi.^^r.     jhr     ■.:;-h  he  d.'."'  ;.:- 

the  oihcc  or        .  :  .'.ko,   he  c^. .  t<,)  ser\-  ^ 

State  both  in  the  As-enh^iy  r^nd  iu  the  Council .  Xe;' with- 
standing the  long  con ;iiu-iiieut  whi'di  he  had  suffered  in  -lie 
castle  of  St.  Aniru>tino,  and  the  immen-e  loss  of  t----  •  ■  -^v 
which  the  war  had  caused  him.  he  wa.s  one  of  the  r-  . 
in  the  .Ja'-kson'^^toro  Leirisl-iturc,  upiH'sed  tiie  bills  for  confis- 
cating and  a-  .-^  -  ^  j        .  ■  '  -  -  ■  ^  -.vh-  h:v\  ^i.e 

Eevolution.  iJ.;rv-.--    r    ;!  y_-}:-  tl\-  ^  .0- 

tion  of  "vitrb:'-si!ig  the   »lepa?'t:!ire    h^'.ui   ' 'harlost^.a  ,  v 

whole  ^i;^:o  to  riie  -■o\'*:":i'::on':  -j:  her  own  <utizen:i,  Fr-!a 
this  ^tirne  forward  hi-  hf,;  wu-  d.ev..)red  to  private  r-i-  :^-, 
except  in  two  cases.     In  17^>  he  wns  a  member  of        t  .  a 
if 


venti'.>n  w]ii<.']i  rariiii^d  the  Constitution.  To  tills  ol>jecr,  ali 
tlie  asi>irati..>ii<  of  his  life  were  devoted,  lie  had,  in  1T»»'), 
foun.leJ  the  At.n3riC'au  Tnion  l>y  iii>  exertions  in  tlie  I^'ovln- 
eial  Assembly,  and  he  liaii  the  pleasure,  rwentv-three  years 
afterwards,  to  assist  in  raiifyini' it  \'>y  an  Act  wiiich  b-e  fondly 
h;>i>ed  would  make  that  L'ni-;   ;•  r.         ''  ~0"     •  was  a 

iTietnlter  of  (Jonvention  whi!  :^  , ;  ii;>n  of 

the  State.  He  wa>  ns)w  sixty-six  yeai-s  of  a^-e.  and  lie  lived 
iifteen  years  Ivi-'---     r^;'-.  :  .  /,  ■„  '  man's 

blessinir — :'>V".      •-'■^.'C  .  ivl-.rl-.  In 

Aii-'iisr.  „  .  :       ^  -vr  lire. 

In  eomplianee  with  the  •  .••  .-■  •  -  •.■..in-ed  in  his  will, 
his  body  w;i5  de;)     "   '  :      •  in  tIm^    ■  - ' --n 

church  yard  <'i      -    :    '  ■  ^       .  iev-iioL: — rio 

stone  ni:ir>:-  ni-  ■■  . 

lu  reviewiuiT  the  hi-tfry  .»f  a  e^unrry.  ^\'e  renK-nii.-'T 
only  who  hav!-  d-  '^i-;  tL;u'  ^ ;  »ii  .,:   u  a 

historian.  lUaHian"  lal-.^nt-  «ia/:zh-  fur  d;iy,  and  sue -arc  f»:.r 
their  p  >>se^sor  the  plau.lits  <.>f  cositeniporaries.  i >ut  when  tiuic 
stills  th''  '  a;>plause,  the  n]ejii<>ry  of  the  pupular  f;ivo- 
iito  a'vvay.  and  p:.>sterity  rti^a»-<l>  his  name  with  li.-tlos.? 

C)irv'-:y. 

cannot  claim  r     the  ;      >  -f  ..>ur  >kt/r.':h  the  perforni  i-^-'e 

of  111  store,  111  id  out- ale  of  South  lar*:diua  his  name  is  i^r-'-i- 
hly  ill  the  ^reat  eatai-">;^-ue  of  undistina*uisht;d  celebrities  wii^. 
shone  for  '  a  day.  and  th.en  j^-i-.-ed  int-.»  oblivion,  Ihit  in 
Soutli  Caroli!ia  lie  Ir-is  a  (d  am  t-.  ■•*-r  :' -ad  re^-ard,  )iot  so 

mccli  f'-a-  •'-!i:rr  he  di-!.  ;i>  f^a-  what  he  i-^'-'hy  helpcl  h  :. 
ii,  h  •  ■  ;h_-ti  a\'  :>iLr  f  'imTv,  rho  S,^;^:-;,.  .oia  Soiith  i  '  .  :h:a. 
h  •  ;  r,::  undue  siiare  \>t  Hi^^u^':.'--:  in  u'uioiaLi:  rh^^  p'-hi^-il 
iKirix.  ii  '       I'^'-'id.  n.>r      '      ■    ^  r       .  ,        • rhe 

men  \V:  •       _a    .      a;,..,.  :„      .  >  had         -<h:i-.  ^'n— 
carry;  ".vh^'  !::<■]  hiu        :o.       a  -j  h  -:  h:  private  and. 

pubH.':  lifr,  and  than  was  d.t/v,:.U''!i  ro   truth  and  tr.  riirht. 


Men  who  act  thus  are  representative  men — a  poor  constitu- 
ency can  never  send  such  inen  to  re])resent  them.  They 
choose  men  like  themselves. 

A  ^ood  mihVic  sentiment  is  formed  Ijv  the  iniiaence  of  the 
men  viho  ©tand  at  the  liercl  of  society.  As  they  direct,  the 
masses  think  :n:  1  '"•"r^        ^-v-h  r'rr<-"n:,.  ',.:-j-!v 

indel); C' ■  :o  (_':;!  '  ■      ,     ^  -r. 

Hi.  v:.;uh  and  .  .  ;      ^  ■  '  'ii 

]d,  ;                          :  ,            •       ■                .  -.-d 

..f  ; ■      v     .  'r'--  :      :           ^           :          >; M.ti'<' ,  to 

pru'i ii;-;     ;  ••  I'.        jtbl           ••••••)ce  to  lavvMni!  .'idivsi'jn'.  i ' iie 

wisv         /  ■•                     ■  :  /    "  ,.,   -  -  ..    '  ;  , 

he  a  lii^Mi^ied  -^;ijtijiicnc;  iiu  on^-  o 

sri-.M-iy  '/Mu^aired  iii  rh.u  irv'd  ^tiid  < 
is  applicahlt'  the  motto  proposed  l)y  jiajor  Gord^jo  as 


EDUCATION 

IN 

S  O  U  T  li  C  A  R  O  1. 1  N  .\ 

Priol  to  and  during  the  Revolution. 

A  PAPER 

Read  bttore  the  Hisroricd]  Soc:rt;v  oi   South  i'drenin.! 
6th  August,  iS83. 

BY 

■;       EDWARD  McCRADY,  JuN'K. 

Published  by  the  S'-cietv. 


As  the  purpose  of  i"he  following  paper,  read  before  the  Historical  Society 
of  South  Carolina,  and  now  pal.iished  by  that  body,  is  to  refute  t/ie  c':^  ge 
inade  oy  Mr.  McMaster,  in  his  lii.-rory  of  the  People  of  the  Uniteci  Si. i cf 
the  neglect  of  education  in  South  C.i.r.->iina  prior  to  and  during  the  Rev .I'.r.irT., 
I  have  given  exact  quotations  fro;n  the  au'-h".';-  :.n  !  Act-:  I  have  c^"  .^  '  r: 
than  my  under-;';'  \\\-\[:  r^f  what  they  wrote  or  contained,  thus  avoiu..-..;  :\ay 
misunderstan :   '• .  texts,  on  my  part. 

1  have  alsc-  restrictcfl  nu'^elf  lo  iht^  period  of  \v-Iiich  Mr.  ^^c^[a-^^-■  t/.-ats 
in  the  v  v  ;;".;  ■  '  -  k  bef"ore  ri^e  i-^n^lic.  T-^er-e  i-  inuch  in  iV-  -J^-.-^- 
cjueu,:  ■    ,  ,  .       .  .  :\  :n  the  Sraie  w         is  iiilcro-' in;:;,  but  as  thi;  ['-peL-  is 

a  refutation,  and  a  refutaiion  only,  I  have  not  stepped  beyond  the  period  of 
which  he  has  so  far  written. 

EDWARD  McCRADY,  Jpn'?.. 

Char'.  csioyr.  S.  C.  Octohgr  22d,  iSSj. 


GOLOfiiAL  EflOGAfiOlf  II  SOil  CAROIII 


In  "A  Y'ltw  of  South  Carolina."  b\'  lohn  Dra^ 


aDorin: 


lishecl  in  f^o:"  .>•;.- \  thorgor^  ■ 

a  learned  yr-ol.  :  ;trn  for  • 


has  n  .  I;  '?'-;    ' : 


from   Caroh'rtiir:-,  .".:,]-  they  ..ire   Ov-iicr   ::;roraied,  but  r 

of  men  and  j  ■■-  ' a..:    'Ce       ^..dit^  ar.Li  iGc 

framed  in  a  different  ciimatc.  and  a  different  state  of  soci 
t\-.'  "     ?v[r.  Drayton  qe.  a      ;_a...  a. 

tla   ;  , :  .     '  d-.  .rc'..:     ^  : 

.*'  He  would  ha\"a  aane  well,  al?.e 
sa\a  "in  keao'aq  cl^a-r  ';>f  aa      '      ■  ■i--'.  - 

are  apt  to  fah  :  -  iacli  -  ...^^-.a^oa  id. 

order  to  support  favori'e  ar,      ■    _  ." 

This  was  v.-ritteu  in  taj  <.  rement  of  tire  centur 

and  now  at  the  near  end  of  it.  a>f  the  South,  and  of  Sou 
Carolina  particularly,  have  the  -ame  complaint  to  a-  i'^ 
He  \\'liO  a;  -I'd  aiaadrja        .  '  ^       d;  r/oidd  S'"^:.:!a. 


m  -a^-  ■,;  .amct^ .:  :aa :       ■  _   >  ■  ,    -  a 

■       .   ad  '-       '  .  .  .  ^-Ccca-vi 
lu..a:  ■^:,.a:.  .„  .1-,,:.     The'  hi.i..r.,M 


to  mnintain  a  character  as  <uch,  cannot  atlord,  wiien  >\ritin';:i; 
about  1.5s,  to  i'  •  •  i-.as  already  been  recordc.-j  i-^-ii 

credit,  and  m  .       even  as  to  omit  a  parr  .      .  -  - 

tence  in  a  quotation,  if  tiie  whole  sentence  fails  to  support 
assumed  facts  and  favorite  principles  in  regard  to  th  • 
of  our  society.    This  seems  to  be  now  an  accepted  . 
of  historical'  writing.     As  an   instance,  vvc  quote  from 
McJLisfcT's  History  of  tlic  People  of  the  United  States,  I  'oL 
it.'ue  L  page  2^  : 

"  In  the  Southern  State:<  education  was  almosr  v,"hol!y 
nc  .  '      :  \   '   '    .-.e  lie  re  to  sueii  'in  ex'-  -  South  Carol  i;?  a. 

se  \         .  .■  -   •  r  -  .  j,': ,     e  _  ■  . 

ini;  the  Pi:  /./'^^    '    :  :     -  Inde,  ' 

StuXS  ee--      ■   -  :  ■ 

New  England  ;  four  were  in  New  Y-.  i  -:   i-"  e'e\y  ,^  ^S-.v 
sylvania  ;  in  Virginia  a n C  X  ■:-:h  Carolina  there  were  two 
each:  in  Georgia  Oiie :  in  South  Carolina  three.     The  sey:.e 

For  the  existence  '  '    a      r, lad  the  dev;^ 
condition   of    edaccti'  a  --^-aa    'a:?    a:jtl^   ••  e 

two  ai.;tnoyi^:as :    xe^-e     x     X  .   a:     ,  "  .  '  ,        C  r'    '  '       '  ■ 

H-h<:xh    h/.'sr--;---  -  r  ;  .;  •■,■;//    hi    X:       ^  /    X  .  ' 

US  see  it  nis  authuriiies  sustain  his  av>.->ertions  ane  ^=-'.ac!u- 
sions. 

P'-ejudice  may  warp  the  judgment  so  as  to  lead  it  to  ac- 
cept ah  true  statetneats  which  have  n  -  >  "  ,  ;  -'i  -tfon  ir.  a.-.-r. 
and  to  form  Ci:aK'a;:a';ai s  a^a  -xnvr'x'ex^'.  a  ;a;a  staaa-^  a':a- 
were  true :  buca^a  ,:V:.ai  aiaaa-Xca  'aa;  axcasc  or  e:  -  -'.ire: 
hiT   a   mis'^   ^-a'ataaa     'he    aa,xv[a>ax-   .xa--^^  t]\:\: 

but  a^^^har-        -;a:h  c-i   ex'exx   -x.-x  -    ,  a;  '"'a- .aw  ; 

mar  school  existed;   aaa  gives  as  his  aaxiiaay      -  , 


7 


History  of  South  Carolbia.  Xow.  n'ith  the  book  open  before 
as,  we  deny  tluit  Ramsay  made  any  such  statement ;  on  the 
contrary  he  has  a  chapter  on  "  Tlie' Literary  History  of  South 
CarolinaS  Chapter  IX,  Volmiic  2,  in  wh.ich  he  shows  that  no 
sooner  had  the  settlers  provided  shelter  and  the  neccs-.tiies 
ey  ado;  .asures   for  prom.otinc;  the 

y  ■   _  .'.cnt  of  th,r"i  -  .!  ••es,  and  particu- 

'       ■  "     '  Sec        ;  ,  v) 
■■i'A   to  Mr.  r\icMaster"s  quotation  is 


of  h:fe.  -  ■ 
moral  anj  '..e^i.-y 
larly  of  tJie  risif^y 

The  nearest  :\'y;/: 
this  sentence  ' 

jS;;;  ''Thei-L   • 

prior  to  1730,  except 
till  1776,  there 
near  Charleston."  ^ 
omitted  a  part  of  th; 
su-jb   '     '  - 
or  _  ■     i  ^-  ; 


nee  \v 


But  since  Ml 


-  referred  us  to  Dr.  Ra 


til-  i:^^;  let  lis  rdur  a  littie  'Mrr^cuiar 

atteni:';'::  \-.:el  L<.  =.^1.;  lion  \\\  ^<_>i;th  CarL^i^.i  o  , 
durnvj  thu  Rci'olution. 


SCHOOLS  PRIOR  TO  THE  REVOLUTION 


Dr.  Ramsay,  as  we  \\-ve.: 
the  i!terar\-  history  of  S''>^ 
that  the  earlic-t  -elt'ei-  -h" 


s  ins  ciia 
;i  the  -t, 


account  y  -A  zm:  ^ 
On  page  354,  V'<:i 
*'  In  the  vears 


Assembly  passed  laws 


s 


•for  foiindincr  and  erectiii"":i  free  school  in  Charlestown  (or 
the  use  of  the  inhabitants  of  South  Carolina.*  Tl^e  pre- 
amble of  the  latter,  after  setting  fortli  'the  necessity  that 
a  free  school  be  erected  for  i/ic  i}istri(ctio}i  of  youth  i>i  ^tcdu- 
tnar  and  other  arts  and  sciences,  and  also  in  the  principles 
of  the  christian  religion ;  and  that  several  well  disposed 
christians  by  their  last  will  Jnxd  given  several  sums  of  money 
for  the  founding  of  a  free  school/  proceed.s  to  enact  'that 
Charles  Cra\-'.  :  '       Thomas  Broughton.  Nicholas 

Trott,  Arthur  ,   .  .;luird  Beresford.  William  Rh.ett. 

Gideon  Johnson,  Franci-^  Lejau,  Robert  Maul,  Ralph 
Izard.  ]'      '  ^-z  '   L    .-r.  /.^:^l-^,: 


t:V .  :  :                     ■                ^  .  - :  :  ■        -        /,  .  /or 

tiiL  :■:         ■       '       s                      .  J:  -      :             -  :;;Ch 

land  .    :           ^  .    \         '  ■ .     ^-^  .vy  -    .    -    [         -  ^  ■  ■  . 

and        ■  :        Z.^'- j  ;/^    ■   ' :  /.  ^.           [  ic  y  • 

of  an  u -lier,  and  a  nM.-^-     \     \-:  \:  .  ■■ithnieiic.  nier- 


compt^,  s-;r-.  ; ii:iv':y,  I;       /   .  ;-)ractica!  rnatlie- 


c riant  ^ 

matic-.    It  was  a;    •  .  *-a; iie  tells. "  that  a 


ury:    and  tnat  rnv_   \  .;-,:aR->  sI\<''ii\k.   oe  aatiiaL-izca  a 

from  ■ '  -  i-'w:   -:'.a-ca  ^a^  ;        -oands  towards  buaaaig  a 

scho-/:- /:c;j ai  cach  :if  'i:  ;  :   y.niry  Parishes,'* 

Now.  this  wa-  b-Jovc.  Mr.  Mc Master  wlien  he  a>.-:rtcd 
tha-  l"'v.  R,a-a-;;a,-  ;a..J      Wed  there  w,w   "  no  L;fanin'ar  ^.aw  / 

makia^  -o  graie  a  charge  against  a  ;  .-aa  .     I*.;?:  a.      •  ;.a 


lar.^^e  bar  libraries  m  Xew  York  and  ei. 


9 


have  scicn  that  the  Act  of  i  710,  as  well  as  that  of  i/fj, 
taincd  th.e  recitai  that  the  gnts  of  money  f(:»r  the  ruiuKiing 
oi  a  free  school  had  then  iiji  i/io^  already  been  tnacic:  from 
\vhich  iic  would  ha\'c  learned  tliat  e\-en  ]..irinr  to  1710  che 
peo[>le  of  South  Carolina  had  conceived  and  atteniptei.i  the 
establishment  of  a  free  school  ;  and  liad  he  examined  further 
he  would  hav^e  fouii'l  that  South  Carolina  durinL^  Colonial 
times  u  as  very  little,  if  any,  behind  even  .Mas^achusetts  in 
the  matter  of  public  education. 

Dr.  Da  ■  ch(^  ■'"  writes  ■  i7fO-irK  "The  want  of  schools  was 
a  source  of  g'reat  solicitude  to  tlie  i niiabit  mts.  and  called 
for  the  exertion>  ot  tiie  virt  •  ,  !od.    Tlie  mis- 

sionaries, and  many  other  gr.  si-:;-  \:\  ;  .  ■:  ne  Province,  ad- 
dressed the  S(.>ciet\' o?-^  thi-  iutei'cst  iml:  and  iuioortant  sub- 
ject.    T::  ■    '   :  ^       :   ■   ^  ■    ,  ■  r.^M 


:hc 


•  1 '  1 


'          •         liie  \        _  .  •■          ■      .  .  -.    ,  :  : 

hi.:'::c-^  ■  '         ex                   :     ~  •  -  ■   ^  :  . 

inter. :sts  >  ■           ;     ■  >  -  ■    "  -    '.  c   .  '  ,           _    : ;      .1  .  ,  .     -  _e 

i^:- -rant,  u  neducatv:- :          :  :^  ;i  ^1 :  i \"  •  a  siriail      ^  '\e 

fr'.','  ,                         '  '  .  e -  ■  e"  ■  nfe.     The  S':>^-ic:y 

tv';   ■       :               :  ■    .'.     I  ,  :  •  ■  .  var  I  'li  tlie}-  csrab- 

Oi  th.:  *\'-v.  \\       '.{•>.    riv.  A.  M.,  ".v     m!!,  cit  tile  sanu. 
they  a-.' -join  ted  a  p.  as.-)istant  to  the  Rector  of  St.  i'i;irij's 
Pansh.''  ' 

.  Pn^f.  Rivers,  i:'  ^  : ;  ; '  Mi^^;w-y-:"  --ulaC^--..  :  \  , -.t;/^  ; 
"The  Societ}'  hjr  1'.  -'-^r^  ^        >e';  t  on:  i---i',Hi- 

aries  not  only  to  pr-.  :.;-ut  •  Ko  e-pcejarage  the  seating  up 
of  schools   f^»r  the  ■  eg        children."    Their  school- 

nv-  r  T-  nerv  rer;  :'r  •  * ■  iK-  ■  -  :  ■  earc  ':)f  the  manners 
oi  l.^j  i.i  :o::^  ■■1  a;u_:  ^.-..a    .1  .-c/e  .  .iiung  them  cu;a!n5i 

lying  anci  '  —  .hood  and  evil  :  ■  _  ;  H":  :  ;  • 

iionesty  ;        Ov:  ';v-'v-;  _:>.•:•  ■  •'eojive  m  tin/ir 

tender  \-ears  that  scu-c       i  -..^.-;'  a  hicli  iw-iy  reader  it  the 

f  '/'•:.,:  S.-cu-tv /■  r  the  F^ropty^aiion  of  the  Gospei-in  /■'■■■:        / '■.  > /j. 


10 


constrint  principle  of  their  !ivt:^  at\d  aciioiis.'  Tht:  want  of 
SLjiools,  li'nvcvcr,  was  not  iainicdiatcly  roiriedied,  and  so 
urL;-ent  appeals  were  made  to  the  Society  that  in  1 711  the\- 
established  a  school  in  Chariesiown  under  Rev.  Win.  Guy. 
In  the  previous  \'ear  several  persons  having  beqiieatlied 
legacies  for  foundiiig  a  free  school,  an  Act  was  passed  (  1712) 
for  this  purpose,  and  so<)n  afterwards  tor  extendin^^-  similar 
benefits  to  ail  the  Parishes. '""-^ 

The  Act  alluded  to  by  Prof.  Kivcr-,  was,  "An  Actaddi- 
t!^>n;d  to  an  Act  entitled  'An  Act  for  establishing  CuunU' 
and  Precinct  Courts.'"  p  -       '    ■  -^,3-    1722.  The 

i.^riginal   was  TW.;>t  t      ■  .   -  ■  i  /  j  --ratMi-^s 

were  coaipiied.  b.;:     ;  ■  "     ''-'.r:'^    *       -  _ 

South  Carolina.   Bj  :h:^A;  .    i:.,-  '.Te 

lutlionzed   '  •   ^     ":       ■  ;     •  j  .  -.Sn 

C^->u  nt\'  a;:- .    ;  - ;  ■       -    -      ,■       ■  ■  .   -  .  .  ;;c 

and  ■  -    ;  .  ■     .  .  :v 


I  "2 


V  -     :  .    t-C   mat  Mr 

i.  ^  ;  aiici  that  Vv 

;'.nd  pressed  on  tlu' 


{).— '  ii-j-  Ciese  ^j.,neral  contributions,  Dr.  Ramsa\  to*, 
sev^jra;  part;-.'.:'  o"  ^e^acies  left  for  thi-  1  -e.     Air.  \ 

(jO(.>se  ^  '  ,;.  c- 


Kicl^ard  Beresford.  by  liis  will,  bequeatbed  to  the  Vcstr 
St.  Thomat?"  F\iri.s]i  r»ne-t]iird  of  t'iie  \-early  ' 
estate  for  the  sin.)porL  of  one  or  more  scb.ool-:;:.  i 
-houid  teach  writing,  acc<.)unts,  mathematics  and  other 
era!  learninj^:  and  the  other  two-tiiirds  for  the  sup[ 
maintenance  and  education  of  the  poor  of  th;it  Parish. 
Ve<try  accordingly'  received  from  this  estate  six  thoii- 
five  hundred  pounds  for  pr>  .  -  ■  ' 

table  pii--"'^ : is  fund,'    ..;r.  ■. 
wrote  !  J        ,    \-r..:\\      existence,  a/' 
hv  the  name  of  'Bv:        - i  -      <■    '  -  n:  -v 


with 


l'.         ;  '     ;  :        :     ;  ■  •  .vl 


•^s.     m  tile 


raided  b\-  sub>cr!i)tion  for  foundi:i^  a  free  scho'>!  i'or  the 
educritio!"!  .if  die  poor,  and  to  which  joh. n  W'hitnir.rsii  added 
a  ie^ac\'  of  five  hundred  pounds.''-  He  also  mentions  two 
(^ther  legacies  for  the  use  of  >choo!inf^  and  educating  the 
poor  children  in  the  Parish  of  St.  Joim's  Colleton,  J-.^hn's 
Island,  in  1770 — vjne  by  Col.  Jolm  Gibbs  of  five  luindred 
pounds,  and  one  by  George  [Text  of  twelve  hundrjd  aiid 
fift)'  uounds.-H 

Turning  to  the  Gencnd    '  -         '..  ^  '  •/;.      "  -vd 

that  an  Act  was  passed  M  t.\. ;:   _  _  .      :  •  i        .  :,nd- 

ing  and  erecting,  governin?".  ordering  and  v;-  ■  a  free 
school  at  the  Town  of  Dorche  ..'         - ;  •'    '         — e. 


have  been  accomplished  unciei  thi-  Act.  possibly  fr.  ■ 

imprac'           ■  '      ^  ^                ^      ;  but  tiv- 

surmi-^c    .■  _      . .  ;^     .  :  .                       ^    t:)U!id  -  -  , 

only  iv-is  o:.;  :  y■^  -   ■  !.     r'ut        y            v-\.^x  -\ 

the'-   ■■  ^               ■  .             .  r.  ..-iiu::! 
tin-;'  :  ■  , 

of   tiv-;    l'ro\"ince   are  become   \'erv  iui!n-jr<:>u-.  v 


and  also  in  tne  ornic; 


good  i:it' 


!UL  wiierea- 


of  the  i  nh/Jecitu:-        rliis  Pr-   '  ■  :  :  ■ .    Miave  a  n       :  '  s 

issue  a":  1  ?x  ^  iy-\  j  dist  .  ^  lae  said  frc...  :  'P 
nawe-ci   I  ^  ;    i  iai.u  aaestown,  te  l*:  r ar  .j-rcuni^tauC  - iVia) 

not  be  -;n'":i;nr   t' ^   p;ryi:t  tieea  .-^^ad   their  criildren 

thit'l.--       ■        ■     :                      ■                  ■    .   •  '     :  '  .  V  b.:   :  :        .      '  Ot 

<o      ;  :    ^   :     .  ■  -  : :       ..  it 

one        :a-':-:      ■           .  _  '  -  a:<_ied        \  \\\  >aia-r  .  ■  ; 

parts        :           ■        :       A-\      be  u'lost  .      ,  '.r:\  \  '       .  v- 


13 


ing  out  >••")  !  '  !  design,  we  therefore  pray  your  nlost 

S«icred  Maje-i;.   .  ;     it  rnay  be  enacted/*  &c/^' 

The  year  before  i  1733)  the  free  school  at  Childsbury,  in  St. 
Jolm's  Pari.-h,  mentioned  by  Dr.  Ramsay,  hjad  been  estab- 
lished.   Let  us.give  the  preamble  to  tliis  Act: 

"Whereas,  nothiny^  conduces  more  t<)  tlie  private  advaii- 
tai^e  of  e\  ery  man,  or  the  public  beneht  of  the  countr\- 
ei^enerai,  than  a  liberal  education,  and  the  ^ame  cannot  be 
had  without  due  encouragement  to  persons  qualified  to  in- 
struct \'outh  :  and  Mr.  fames  Child,  late  of  this  Province. 
cJecei- ;  '  .     ,  ■  '  ■  t' ^  i'. 

ti;./  -  ■  ,    ■  . 

i)  '  C..^'  ■II-'. 1  I  ;v/ciru-  ;  -  --^  ^  • 

and  other  iea:    :    /  '  :  >  ■  .  ' 

ley  CoLuuy  ;  ■ 

the,  sum  '  •  :  "    .  ..  -.  i.;- 1  .  ■  : 

b ; ,  . . :    -       ^    ,  .      _  ■  ■    . :  '  .  -  .  '  . 

sa     :       .  ■  zi\--  .iirection-^        ■y-   v;'y  i'M 

sums         /     '  "  ■  :   :  -  J     'J  \     ■ :  j  .■  ^  - 

tieme;;.  .  ■  -i'  ■^.-ary  lo;:riV;:, 

in  the  }' r      vi :  : .  ■.      _^  -   :  ^  '  iMc^e  S'j 

an  nuc:~:v  :  •  ■    ^  ,  ■liihcs),  hdW:, 

by  v;"'':  •::    •  -  ■    ■         -   ;■  1  -ni  o^  two  thoasan..! 

two         :  .    :  .     .     :  :       ■  ■       '  t^;  he  added  to  die 

legacy  • tie:  /  ..e  ^-  i"^'  e-e    ,  :  .    ^         d-^e  eh  vwe 

tees  te  oj  ioie-o  v.e:\  ■  e^;  ^  ,  h,  "i-^.,  ^u-i  >■[■.    '  .  '  -^ 

Child's  wii!  to  inana_;_-  re:  -  i:i  ^e;n-;  {'.jv  the  u-e  ti;.:  -o.,! 
school,  and  as  visitors  to  order,  direct  and  e;overn  the  se.id 
scrioel.  \\  :•  :eerefore  humbly  pray  }  our  .Most  S  er^e-i 
Mai-s:;e  re  i:  .:  avee  -  ■  -eicredV'  kc^ 

Now,  l;i  reedie.:  ^e-.  -  :  er.-.o'n ble-  10  Acts  which  u've--.: 
passed  es-.ibii-i-K       o,  ;r   y.^  .,L!d  rho  • 

pc   e    ■  -..Lh    A;  ,;:  :  .  ■  ee-      _    .  ■  e         '      ^   -  eeere  '  : 

^■-eAw..  'la.,,  e  >;ee  . I.  .  [Ai"}:^  '-.^ 


14 


But  let  us  again  return  to  Dr.  Rarr.  ^ay's  FI isfory.  to  whicli 
Mr.  'McMaster  refers  us.  and  to  the  same  chapter  from  w  hich 
he  so  incorrectly  quotes.    W'e  read  at  />ng('  j62  : 

"  Education  has  also  been  fostered  in  Soutii  Caroliria  by 
several  societies  as  a  part  of  a  general  plaii  of  charity.  The 
oldest  of  this  clas^  is  the  South  Carr>]ina  Society,  ^^•h^cll  was 
formed  about  the  year  1737. 

■"  :  p>"i>'*^  5-1'^^'  salary  of  a  school-master  and  school-mistress 
for  the  education  of  children  of  both  sexes.  Since  the  com- 
mencement of  their  school"  (i.e.  1737  to  18081  ''several 
hu!"idreds  of  pupils  have  received  the  benefit  of  a  plain  edu- 
cation from  its  bounty.  There  is  a  succession  of  scholars. 
None  are  re :       ' ■  \--'         -  "  •  r-.-'j  "-vr^-'d 

beyond  foe:':_  i.:.,;  ,     ^  I'i-;  ; 

present  number  is  sevenL\--t>.^  ;!  ,e  -       '  :  -     •  ^         :::ot  up: 

the'so-  :       ■  ^  -;"       ^-       -       -  - 


half  of  its  funds.  \' 


eation  on  ;  ^ 

■■  T'le  . 
an:  :  • 
and  twenty  chi- 

-The  \V]n>-  i 
incorporated  ;n 
of  ihi^  ^'^^-tinit; 
Ft  had  in  viv 


:>ciet\'  l)ave  'n  ^ike  mann' 


-Cture  o! 


\'  IS  n '  >u"  w  ho  1 1\"  con  h  n  eci  t<  >  t  Ue  ed : 


been  cv..  -.  ....  '  ■         :rled  i;p'      :  .  -        '  ■■ly 

and  two  hundred  •     :n..:.s.    From  the  continual  a 


15 


new  members  the  funds  arc  in  a  fiouri>iiin;i;  condition,  arid 
enable  the  .S'.>cicty'  to  educate  twenty  ciiildrt  it  annually.  " 

This  school  for  more  than  a  hundred  }'ears  was  the  chief 
school  forali  the  Eastern  part  ot  tlic  country  between  Charles- 
ton and  the  Xorth  Carolina  line,  and  was  res':)rteci  to  by  all 
classes. 

As  to  the  South  Carolin.i  Society  see  also  S/W-ou/'s  Ess^ns. 

Tliere  was  also  a  grammar  school  at  Ijeaiifurt  kept  b\'  Mr. 
Comniing.  a  Scotchman,  a?id  a  priv%ate  schoivl  near  Be<iu!"rl 
kept  by  the  Rev.  James  Go url ay. 

It  \v\]\  tlius  be  observed  tfiat  the  educati!>n  of  the  le'Wer 
parrot  the  State  was  carried  un  by  !ce  i        '  "  ' 
thority  in  connection  wirh  the  Cliurch  ■  -  e 
upper  part  of  -  the  State,  which  was  -  .     .  -        tc ]\- 

Irish  Presb}-terian -  ;  :  :  t 

together  by  the  n!';r-  '  .        •■  s 

been  foremost  in  e- .  •  .  - 

nanters,  as  most  of  '  :  .      .  ;  '- 

vania  after  J-h-adde^.  .  -  ^        '    •  i  :  ls 

uf  Xorth  and  S.-.utJ^  .       \  '  ■   _    :■  '  ;d 

the  districts  of  Canca-iter,   \    :  ..         ■        "C  ^n.     'i  he 

principal:  -  •         ■  ;       -  ^  ,  ■ ;      ^     -  :  •  a 

the  two  .         .    .  _  .  ■    ^  .     ■  i  [    i.a-   L;  .  .  ;! 

written.  i.:,         -  -  -  :  /  .         :;i!n::r^  hurnaa  a-^d 


bravery  of  their  husbands  and  rather-,  and  .1^':  :  •  'a 
their  sons  —  ■!':;e:_;  -'Z^^-  ,  \  ^ ^  s  e:." 

said  one  a-  .    ; ..:  '  -       a  ^    ■       :  :  >vi":,e. 

These  ,Prt-b;  ; -rN..n   ai-.;C;-_—  :ed   m  ti.e  eaterpri-v-  ,-\d' 

religion  and  kn   ■  '  .  ,    ■        ,  :         ^.e  ,  .  •       .  : 

Ghiiv.h'en.  and  w^.'^aJ:   i'»r-;_,  >  •     r-    i    .    j      a  a 

their  sons  might   be   well   in-t:  .-..r-.       .    a.    ■  .       .  " 

'■^  "With  nvan)',  and  tiiey  the  mhuer.tiai  men  aiui 
"A    :/    '    ''o-    k  -''-  kn'swledifr!   •■.       -k  ?        •  a 


e  U;._ 


ercome.    .\lmost  in\  as  soon  as  a 


16 


was  settled,  preparations  were  made  for  preachin_iT  the  Gos- 
pel b\'  a  regular  stated  pastor  ;  (7/id  iclLcrcccr  a  pastor  zcas 
locatt  d,  in  that  cougrcgaiion  tficrc  ivas  a  classical  school!"''' 

Dr.  Howe,  in  his  Histor}-  of  the  IVcsbyterians,  iiistly 
observes:  "  l- rider  the  Colonial  i;overnnient  the  retinenients 
of  the  higher  civilization  were  kept  upon  our  seaboard  coun- 
tr\-  b\'  its  constant  intercourse  with  the  British  Isle,  whither 
the  sons  and  daughters  of  the  wealthy  vvere  often  sent  for 
their  education.  But  in  the  upper  country  the  church  and 
the  school,  both  accommodated  at  first  in  the  rudest  and 
most  primitive  structure-,  were  almost  insenarab!\'  con- 
nected, until,  as  we  have  seen  in  tin?  !,.■  :  .  ■  .'ars  of  liie 
eighteenth  .:-.t=1  u  -  v,  institutions  for  thi  lo'-her  icarning  had 
alnii'-t  .;  :  .  arisen,  if  not  in  a  f-jnn  and  vvdth  endow- 
ments which,  rendered  them  perfect,  yet  conducted  w  ith  a 
■  -  '  =         •        •-■  :    the  me.ois  of  a 

:        .  ■    .        :     ..'^  -me  the  fnt^ire 

leaders  in  the  church  and  the  btate."-^ 

In    1767.  :  ■   ....    ■  •   -  •  -  ■ 

Broad  and  '  i  i  ,     _         ..\  ■         ;   ^  :  ,  \-.;. 

by  the  Ge"  A  -.->c:r.bly  (ov  incor!;'..'Oiting  the  -.  .w 
Societ}',  the  preamble  of  wliich  is:  "  W'lereas.  -i.;'K;ry 
inhabitants  of  the  iJi strict  or  Ninc-t^-~Six  have  t'-nncd. 
themscK'es  ir'to  a  So^J'-jI)  [-.i;"  '.:h':  c::;.'^'cs^  pui-po-c  ot 
endowing  in<.i  ^linriorting  a  school  and  s-.-nr.n:.-  ry  of 
learning,    ■l-'i    ■  ^-  a  -  btt^^  .  -^  M^e 

Catawba  a:--  ,       ■  ,        -;ti-  ■    k ■    ■  a.; 

House,  as  being  the  best  situated  to  answer  the  ci  -  .  -  v>f 
the  Society,-  and  have  made  n pr^ to  the  «.  .■  .;ral 
Assembly  o*~  this  State  to  be  incori v jd."  &c.^ 

There  were  scii.><  -  tou  at  Bid  lock's  Creek,  York  kn^'ibct, 
and  at  W'axaws,  Lancaster  District.  There  is  a  t: ,  v  ei 
that  Wade  Hampton,  afterwards  (ier-  -al  the  atice-:. -.-r  of 
tlie  prcsen.t  t  reneral  W  ade  FTimpton,  t.i  ^-.-hool  I  j-'g^n' 
River,  Spartanburg  District,  in  I776.\  But  tiie  higher  educa- 
•  S'vf'j/^es  0/'  Xer/'j  • 

y       .'.''v  /'■■■  .:/>v/rr:  nth  Cirjjina,  I  'oluf/i^  t /. 

%  Ac/-r:nJix  to  Ramsay' i  His:jry  oj-  Soaiu  Laroiina.  pd^y  tor. 

StaUitr;;  '.xt  La',-;j;e,  Volume  I  ' iff,  pa'^e  nj . 
\  Litter  of  Rev,  James  H.  Sayc,  D.  D.,  OusUr,  6".  L. 


17 


tioii  of  tiiis  [);.irt  C'f  Uu:  State,  was  principaiK'  i;btaine(i  p.t  the 
"Queen's  },Iusucn\."  aftcrwarcU  cniU  cl  "  Libtjit}-  IIaii,"an 
academy  in  Charlotte.  ?<orth  Carolina,  just  beyond  th-j 
dividing  lino  between  tlic  Si<ites.  It  was  at  th's  acadoiin' 
that  General  Wilhani  R.  Daeie.  then  a  x-outh  of  the  W'ax- 
aws,  afterwards  niember  of  tiie  convention  that  formed  the 
Constitution  of  the  United  States.  (Governor  of  Nortb.  Caro- 
lina, and  Minister  to  bh-ance,  one  who  was  alike  distitu;aiished 
as  scholar,  soldier,  statesman  and  lawyer,  received  the  edu- 
cation v.  hich  enabled  him  to  take  tb.e  first  honors  at  Prince- 
ton, and  fitted  horn  to  be^  one  of  the  founders  of  the  Uni- 
vei-sity  of  North  Carolina.'''' 

1'  til  us  be  seen   that  •  ••  ••■at  Mr. 

Ab..."-:  .      -  a-serts  that  educ.io        .  _  .  ••-:re<]  in 

S«)utii  La'oiina.  there  'vere  not  on!\^  rive  free  SLlntois  in  tlie 

charitable  or  patriotic  pari)  ■ 

C:e'';.;\\       [Id.::-::'   i' .  :  .  '  '  . 

But  these  t ree     "    -  - . 

by  ch::  I  -'f.'  , 

lina  prior  lo  the  Re\  'i       -  ^ 

before  the  Revoio* :^   ■  -  ,  •  ^  ■ 

Commissioner  ot  vi  :  :'. 

cational  Association  at  a  r.-::: [  I'vetin;:;, 
of  the  South  \v      :  •     ■  '.       ;:•  '':■.■  '  ■■''>" 
schools  and  acacieniie-. 

Dr.  Ran:!>ay  -ax'S :  "With  the  c^row;: 
Province,  i;'e   ^  .  'oois  became  more  nun 

of  natives  who  were  sent  abroad  for  e(iucat!i>n,  i;;vO--:a->  :d  in 
like  manner.  .  None    of   the    Br-"-       -''ovinces    sent  so 

iVh::ctc/' s  Hisroty  of  Ni'^'ik  Carolina,  l  \>iuinc  il^piV^e  (38. 


'X  iiiaini; 


-  ;  i  r  i\  Tit  tiv 
■roiis,  and  o-^  :■: 


m.riiy  of  their  sons   tt.)    Europe   tor    cducilion   as  South 

Afr.  Drayton,  in  his  Mciiaoirs,  ^vrite^  :  "  Beforo  the 
.Vmerican  war,  the  citizen  of  Carolina  was  too  nuich.  ore- 
jutiiced  in  favor  of  iiritisii  nianncrs,  eustonis  and  knowiettc^e 
t'.)  imagiiie  that  cisewht:re  than  in  En^^dand  anything"  of  ad- 
van.ta^c  couM  be  obt<iined.  For  reason^  also,  o^'  state, 
ocrhatjs,  tius  prejudice  wa:^  encouraged  b\-  the  nivaher 
country,  <\!id  lience  the.-  children  of  opulent  persons  were 
sent  there  for  education,  wdiile  attempts  tor  supporiiuj^ 
suitable  -^viri inaries  of  learniiv^  in  this  State  were  not  sutli- 
cie?ul\-  led  and  promoted. '"'j- 

Mr.  ."'i  observes  that  so  late  ;is   1795.  a  gciu'ie- 

eiai;  who  Ii.<.:  ...  abroad  was  pci;  "  :.  ...ic  in  the  streets 
even  of  ]ar!;4-c  ciiie-  ^    '  :  "There  goes  a  man 

who  has  been  to  K'.i'  •  i  i.c-..-  e^oes  a  man  who  has 
been  to  LoikIou."  Tliis  reinari<  ooints  this  diftlj-ence 
bt;l  'Ween  t  i ; ..   '  _  ,1 

not    be    o  v.,      .       '  ■  -  .  ■ '       '       . .:  :r 

res»3ect:ve  >■  •.  v:' 1    ■  ,  ::e 


true  th.s  vvas  littie  or  no  iazercc-'Ure-  be  twee.;.  Xew 


the    r^i'jtiiei'  countrv;    .....      ^.  ;on    ot  the 


be  preparing  her  ■  .il  liCMVie  an  i  -'\ 

vice  of  the  C'Uintry  at  large.     Thus  ii  i i.^       .  ■  j>  i  tiia' 

e,.-  .e:.^  ....M'-i  in  :-^-uUi  Car'jiina.  /xi'iiidv  M 

fhomas  iie)-ward,  Thomas  Lynch,  jr.  (three  of  r 

ers   of   the    1'  'A  rr-j/        -       [■:■  '    ;   \-_e  mh  k 

lieuiv  i^auien:-,    jv.eii!    L.aire;!-.    liabi"iei  Aiatiigau 
iiani   \Vragg  and    Jt.'hn    i'auclier  e^ i  Gritnke. 

Jlisiarv  -r  S";tk  C'uivi'i/ia,  VoimUi.  1 1 . 
f  fdsttv !  '•      So  nth  CaroHnii,  pa^e  -j/y,.    .^ec  AUi),  Milh'  SUttistiis  of 

s'riu^/i  Car  .    .  ' 


10 


Carolina  youths,  had  been  sent  to  Rnc^iaiul  fc-r  i!-^.;' 
coinpletioii  of  their  cdiication.  Dr.  Ramsay  calls  atten- 
tion, too,  to  tlie  fact  that  the  natives  of  Carolina,  t]i'juj4"hj 
educated  in  Great  Ih/itlan,  were  not  biased  in  favor 
of  that  country.  Most  <;f  them  joined  heartily  in  the 
Revolution,  and  from  tl^eir  superior  knowledge  were  emi- 
nentiy  useful  as  civil  and  military  ofhcers  in  directing"  the 
effort>  o\  their  countrymen  in  defence  (-'f  th.eir  right>.  This. 
1  )r.  Ramsay  observes  in  a  nf>te.  i-  the  more  reiuarkabie.  a^ 
the  reverse  took  place  in  otheu'  Pro\'ince'^.'''' 

Hugh  ,S.  Legare.  \n  a  note  to  his  Kss.iy  on  (.'hissiccd 
Learning,  says:  '.  y  •  ,\\^  . 

matiy,  perh,; •  -  :  '     -    ■  •  ■    •  n- 

yoiith  «-)f      ;  •.,  -  ,       .  .  ,  ,        ,  ■ 

and  universities.     1/    •  ■  :     ;  :s 

in  ^'haricston  was  co;:  •.; 

otii      a -a  a  '  a 

in  1 8o>  .  -  a  ;f 

is    aa    •■     ~  -a    ■  '  ■  i-     ;  ia;    !  ■  a^a  a^  ..aa;  j  — ,  -a 

to   a  -  -  a-   -:aa'        a  .   a  :. 

n  U  ! ;      '  ■  '  ,  ,  ^  \  '  '  '    ,  "  ■    ■  ^  1 

wea':ai     .  a    -      .  . 

sons  .  were  .       ■ '  ■      ^  ^  ■     '  a  :   ■  ■:  -  . 

them  a  '  -  -  ^  ■  >  .      a:  :  . 

exa'aT-r  ■         ,  a  ^a.  a ,  —  ■         ."  ' 

B  ^-      '  :  ;   -  '  -t  ni  th  :  ■  ,  :     a  ,         -  ■  - 

•  a  a  I  lie      :  :   .    ,    .  ■      a;,.  . 

C( uUi  ■  a/a;  -} — .i  controversy  tlf *gmarica; iy  decided 
h\-  "Jr.  '  '  -   ^  -       -  .  -  ■  •  '  ^vho  \\-.!  -  V  .• 
bat     [.  ^'  ..■  ■      I  ....  ,  .;  ;ul  a.n  .i...:-  ..  \- 

+  /_         •  ■  .  ~ 


in  a  hi' a 


'20 


.  his  entire  education  in  Cliai'leston.    So,  te>o.  did 

thr   -:;,:  :ly  of 

a.-  .  .  :  '.  --i^  1.     ,  -  M.      ■j.i-.,^;;.      ,   ...     •  ■  r>^'  I'.a^land 

and  entered  a  student  in  vhe  Temple.  The  letter  of  liis 
brotiier  Joim,  addressed  to  him  upon  the  pursuit  o\  Ids 
stud!.  -  i".  Lv.i ; '  •!':  .1:"'  might  be  read  to-day  with  pro  Fit  by 
ariv' -  :  i\v.    Dr.  Whlham  Ciuirles  W'ells,  who  pro- 

nuilgated  the  first  con"iprehensi\"e  thee-.ry  of  dew.  and  \v\i<:i 
was  the  author  of  a  v:\'r-'  >\'-l-  :---o-  • :~  -'-.^  of 
vision,  and  a  well  kno ..  .■  :i 
{Edinburgh,  (jbtained  his  e;T  ,  ..   :  '   -  e 

did    not  ;.::ivv;  l  -::^'  .  /         :;:e   in^^  .d 

medicine  ;m  '■'o^ 

the  r,        -  ,  .  ■  :  -    ■■  0.1  :        ■     ■  Mi 

prov ' ^ : , , .  ^'  •  ■  :     -   '  ■  ■  \  '  :  ..  -         .  : a 

and  :;.  J  -.J.  :  -  -  ■   .  :  J 


to-day.     i  no  ':r- 
that  IS  :^choo'^  ' 
supported  in     ..:  , 

h s n 0 ■- '   .  n     .  i<  : 
Saler.1  i'^i  ;  j-- 
few  years  .ifrer 

These  free  [.-j:'! 
inauL^uraieti  by 
!  643-43.  Th.- 

-  It  . 

diction.  : 

the  t'.n\  n  to  Oj:\c 


icl  Wilier 


-.nciand  withiu  a 


claim- 


21 


parents  or  mMsters  of  such  chilcii^^n.  oi  by  the  inhabitaius  in 
;i      '  "a)-  of  suppix"  a5  tile  inaj«-)r  part  of  those  th:it 

v^rJc;-  rhc  providcnti<iIs  .if  tlu:  town  shall  appoint ;  Pro^'iiJcd , 
those  that  send  tiieir  children  be  not  oppressed  by  payirient 
iriore  than  thev'  can  liave  them  tam^ht  for  in  other  towr^.s." 

-  •  '     -M^  uMs  settled  in    toot;   so  that  their  first 
(  ,     .    ■  _   -h  by-  law  :i  tjubiic  school  (.  if  >uch  it  can  be 

called  )  was  made  thirty-six  years  after  the  commencement 
;  ■.  !r    ^       '  '        ■  x  free 

SC;:'  ^'J-i  A        ..J-: i;  ~       .     .  -.  ■    ;       ;  ; ' :  :       :  i -oral 

Court,   as   i!i  .    '  '^i-iiriire    of    M:'--— ch':  \\  '^.i. 


i   :         ■      -    '■•  ni'ire  liian 

our  .  \ :. :     ■    I  "  f  2,  whicii  autli-.u-ized   the  Vestries,  or  our 


misied  into  tuo  ;-.ie  \  xw-C.  z  .■      -r.  •  ■   i    .  r.'^oi  system,  a  - 
know  if.       a:v'^"hi  v;  ' ■ '  ^        _:v'-:       ■  ■^    i"u\ndrv:d  anri  [.mT./ 
.....1    :  Mr.    M.:Mastcr  ha^ 

hi  IF;  self  pre\'e:ro.:<-l  i:>  irom  i  dl'^y.;  inr-.'  s;.rh  an  error:  for 
tlF-      rile  •     1 .  i;    S  cw    Kneriaiid  -C!u";.ii- 

liis  best  pa--.  - .escribing  riie  sciK)ol-.;n.t -tc-r,  as  we  ■)  v 
know  him  and  a:j!;)reci-'.:v;  inei.  .  .  -     ^  ■  -  n : 

But  the  lot  'd  the  -^::^F  ■ : .  ■    ^u^ht  in  the  dis- 

trict -school-house  tlirr^  .        ;;  ieh  in  a  vere  dir- 

fer:-~:  u^d  am-::,;  .1  ver)-  e- ■      -  SchrN.t^ 

the";  nea.!  in  de.  ■  ■  -a  r-:'^    .   /  -  ■  :  -,  m  mcnlri^ 

the  winter  b\'  .1     .-a  =  a..  .■:^\  :  .:  •      .    .  im-ne!'  b;. 

a  woman.      I  hc  b-\-s  went   in  the         :  -a    'a-  e;a-'s  a: 
-arnmer.     l     -    ■  ,      -  ■•-  -  ■     .    •  '      -  a,  ■;  •  -  -      \  ; 

d.i. '  -  radu.a    .         .\::  .  -    .  ,    .  1 

oan-^ii  out  of  hij  tee^^^,  .  .        :      i'i\z    -  : 


profiis  dei'ived  from  'i  n'intc:"r'>  teach inc:^  to  cicfray  the  ex- 
penses of  a  study.it  HarvLird  or  iTt  Yale.  liis  pay  was  sni ail , 
yet  he  '  v-r:  I  led  upon  to  lay  out  any  portion  of  it 
for  !^  district  was  populous  and  weaitiu'  a 

little  surr.  .;wu.iaLiy  set  apart  tor  liis  board,  and  lie  was 

placed  we  ••-  w'ho  would  for  tiiat  amount  board  and 

lodge  h;:.  :  .  ..,-.:st  time.  Hut  this  was  a  far  too  ex- 
pensive method  fi.^r  man\-  of  the  districts.  ;uid  the  master 
was  therefore  expected  to  live  with  '"^  rents  of  his 
pupils,  regulating  the  length  of  his  --tay  o\'  liie  number  of 
the    b'-^v-   in   the   tamilv   attending   iiis   sciiooi.     'i^hu^  it 


inmate  i.:  .       :■■  - 

forced  t'..    ■  r  .   ■  'V  ■ 

worst  of  roads  to  h;-  se'inol.     \''et  mcp 


in  tiie 
before 
It-''--)'  - 


qu  ■ . r.  in   re  cum 


were  c> 


mucu  ot  aritnnic.i!C       w  ^aui  enaoij  tiiem  to  c. 


23 


be  capable  to  te<ich  the  Icvinicd  ]an_!:^n.iai;,^es,  tiicit  is  to  say 
Latiti  and  Greek  tongues:  (Section  W"  •  that  tlie  said 
school-master  shad  have,  hold,  occiip\',  possess,  and  enj'-'V 
ail  such  lands  as  siiali.  pursuant  to  this  Act,  be  taken  up. 
•.mrchased.  had  or  received  for  the  use  ol  a  school-master  of 
U\e  said  school,  and  tiie  school-house  and  dweinnt^'-house 
a;-d  outbuildings  iip^n  the  same  :  and  a.i<o  \'.-r  the  further 
encouragement  unt^-  ali  have  :  '  ' 

|;  'b'' :    treasury    of    i.i:--    rrov/ie  '    ■   -  ■  v.: 

\\        -.A  pounds  per  annun^  to  ; 
(Section  X\'"  O:    ,.  ,  :  j  .-iaa-:. 


ti'.c  Cornr 
for  . 


at  or  tfu 


-caolar 
:iall  ha v'c 


over  ami  aoov 


cn.irge  i  exc 
rate  of  thsr; 
shrdi  be  IV  -  ■ 


t::..n  XiX 


m  consideration 
sliali  be  obli^fc^i 


LLKi  vearU'  saiarv'  I' 


24 


1.11C 

the 


Act  are  apaointed  to  have  tlicir  Icarniri;:;^  free  :  ar.d  for  c-ther 
schohirs  that  ;irc  not  to  be  taught  free  he  shall  be  \ 
for  teaching  them  writing  at  the  rate  of  tliiriy  shiihr.  j 
a.anum  :  if  writing  and  arithmctick,  forty  shiUings;  if  mer- 
chant's accompts,  fifty  siiiilings  per   annum  :   and  ii 
mathematicks.  at   such   rate   as   iie   shiaii   agree  with 
several  ].)arents  and  guarchian-^  i-jf  the  s;ud  chiildren. 
ceeding  six  pounds  per  annum.  " 

By  another  '         \  -  ■  ■  ■ 

pounds  t(uv.!.r^ i -  ;  •   -  _ 

might  noniinate  <  ia 

The   XXI  -;r';: 
follows  :  A;-! 
<;gen(e!)t  for  t  ^      •  - 

in  us;_. :    '  r  :\      , ,  ■,  _ 


be  tau:>-lu  free  for  five  vears 


L  i  1 

in 


trc:i-:;ry  : 
hereb\"  re 


l'\2  ir 


':  Ce 


m<i-t 


excelien 
all  were 

wa-  eai' 


:ia  an,_;         i^:  i. ,;i,iin 
-  Ma.icr."  a.  th. 


I' J. 

a?:v 

V, 


or  '•  i  »oct 

rrf  Latfnur 


The  character  and  attainincnts  of  the  school-masters. 
a5  required  b\"  tiie  law  of  Soath  Car'jh'na  for  her  iVec 
schools,  and  the  provisions  raatie  for  his  support  in  1712, 
and  01  the  teachers  in  the  upper  p;irt  of  the  State  when 
settled  forty  years  afterwards,  certainly  compare  very  favor- 
abiy  with  the  description  of  the  New  Enc^land  school-niaster, 
and  tiie  arranj^ements  for  liis  support,  as  described  by  Mr. 
Mc Master  as  existing  iii  17S4.'" 

By  the  Act  of  the  Generai  Court  of  Massachusetts  of 
1642-43 — the  basis  of  the  Xew  England  comnuju  school 
system,  cis  it  is  chiimed — it  was  directed  that  ever\-  township 
containing  tiie  number  o\  nfty  h*;>useiiolds  shcudd  a}.>point 
one  within  the  town  to  teach  the  cidldren.  W'tiat  the 
average  number  o\  "  a  h.ou^ehold  "  was  then  supposed  to 
contain   ■  •         ■  «.r>  :  but  as  the  New 

EngiaH'.;    .  ;.  ajtside  of  towns 

having  ten  :  '  ■:     •  ,  :\^:d  I  j  contain 

se\- :    •       ,  ■  •     •   '-^^'^b'  P 

the  :r..         ■  .       ..      -        ,  .        .-l  ;--  rr,n- 

sideration  at  five  liM  :  .  '    ;      i  •  "i  <.t  ••^•■>'.  ■■ 

lina  in    1734  'a-i^  -n   t/i  :  -.-v  .   ^  .     '  and 

-  .  ..■      •        ■,  :  /   •v.:^'   ' ii Carc'ii na  So- 

ter  [";.:.  ^'j^-..  ■      v  •     -     :  '  -  ;        .  Whitma; ;':-:.e 


a;-  (>; 
the 


South  '  arolina,  cc,rt.-iinly,  did  not  adopt  thi^  :\phovi.-.vn 


School  ;  that  i.-,  one  free  or  charitable  school  to  about  every 
t^•\  e;ve  hundred  inhabitants.  Suppos'ing  rhat  a  public  schooi 
was  (ycfually  established  in  each  township  in  ?vrassachuseti:s, 
of  which  there  is,  however,  no  more  probability  than  th.at 
there  was  one  in  eaeli  County  precinct  in  South  Carolina  un- 
der our  Act  of  1722.  tile  number  in  -proportion  to  the  iniiabi- 
tants  must  still  be  in  fa\'oro{'  Massachusetts.  But  it  must  be 
rem.embercd  that  the  difference  between  Massachusetts  and 
Soutii  Carolina  on  tiie  subject  of  education  was  and  a[\va\-s 
ii. IS  been  that  Massachusetts  claimed  to  educate  her  \-outh 
c^enerally.  rich  and  poor,  by  pubh"c  or  common  school  s\-.-tem, 
whereas.  South  ( ".        ■  ■       -    :  ■  --^h 

on  the  contrary.  i 
sons  more  on  '.  -.   .-^  -  We 

merits  -of  the  :         ~    .  .    .  ;ust  be 

and       :    -    ■  ■  .    -  •  ..  • -      .    -t- •  - 

ne:—  ■;  -  ■        :  ~  ■  .    ■  -  a  C:ramr ,  ' 


reader  refers  to  the  -.-c-'n.'!  vr-iume,  i  pa'_;e  353.!  o»  ;;at 
work. 

II 

SCHOOLS  OPEX  DURiXii-  THE  RKV0LUT[O\. 

V  ^       -  -  ->--^^^c  Mr.  M.-M  -  ••■•!■•-  , 
/•i^        . .  ■  ::\--r.:  was  n  ■  ^,  ..         ,  -jc 

in  South  Caroiiaa. 


For  this  asscM-tion,  loo,  he  refers  to  Dr.  Rainsay's  Histoi  ) . 
There  is  no  such  statt^riient  in  that  work.    Xor  is  it  true. 

We  may  well  suppose  that  wiien  Charleston  was  in  the 
possession  of  the  Britisli,  tiiat  a  school-mastor  w  ho  was  ioyai 
to  the  cause  of  hi.-.  State  would  not  have  been  allowed  to 
te:ich  ;  but  this  would  scarcely  be  brought  up  as  a  reproach 
■  'iir  people  of  that  time.--  And  when  Cornuallis  marched 
through  and  dev  astated  that  other  part  of  the  State  settled 
by  the  Scotch-Irish  rresbyteriaiis  it  may  well  have  been, 
as  it  was  when  Slierman  recently  repeated  his  exanvple, 
that  school-houses  ai\d  books  were  buiiied  as  well  as  every 
thing  else  that  c^  :  :  -i-ch  .  :  :iami- 

t  \'  a     \V  '  r      O  U  1 ;  ■  ,  "  -  ■  ^  ^  : :  ■  J . "  ■ !  :  '  1    C  t 

tion  tiiere  is  notr.  -             -•^■■^  .----•-■i-- 

b-^'dly  made  by            ...  •                         y  : 

pens  to  be  o    .  .            •  .  b:  -  :  : 

did  no:,  cvcn  in  b           \  ...  ^ '  .  ■  .     -  -  ^  :  ^ : ^ \  ■- 

get  the  w  ork  of  euucaciw;;     .  u.  :  .              .    -     -  i 

to  put  down  their  book>   .Ct'ry  l  .            ...               b  i  ...  .  i 

♦ 

were  by  no  -n-^     -    .  ■  ^.  .       ^   /  -  ..ircre-t-^  o\  iejr;:;::- 
religion.    The  :b.v.!nL  /.  \  .   -  •      :_.     .•-  e^-     '    '  .  . 
City  of  Charleston  janiKey  .,bi      ;  .  ^  '  -  '  t    -  -  -  -  ■        -  / 
1 2th,  1777b'  (that  is  the  year  after  tiie  baLtlo  ut  Fort  ^ion.- 


ihuii  the  cU>si^.. - 


triet  "  for  the  purpose  of  irrjndiitg.  endowing-  and  s»njporp;nt^ 
;i  pubiic  school  in  Uie  District  of  (Janiden  for  the  ediication 
and  instruction  of  youth.  Tht;  preambh^  of  the  constitu- 
tion is  prefaced  by  Isaiah  Lx.  i.  and  L\i.  y.  *  Arise,  shine, 
for  thy  liti^ht  is  come  arid  tlie  glory  of  the  Lonl  is  j-iseii 
upon  thee.  Fo  :ippoint  unto  them  tliat  rnourn  in  Zion,  to 
;;"ive  r.nto  them  beauty  for  ashes,  the  oil  of  joy  for  mourning, 
the  -garment  of  praise  fr)r  the  spirit  of  heaviness,  that  the}' 
;n'  ■  .  -  caded  the  trees  of  righteousness.  the.pLanting  of 
th.  i.  [.  that  he  might  be  glorified.'  The  very  language 
is  lubiiant  with  liof>e  and  courage,  and  the  quotation,  may 
h.ave  suggest' •:'  •     ne  the  S.-.  .'  i\  a  -  looted;    Its  mem- 

bers were  diso  r-  -  the  St.-r       ! ;   •..  -    to  have  weekh'. 

quariei'i}'  an...  d  iu-.'cir  . - -  ,  for  the  con- 

venience of  ta^^    ~  .  ;  .  :      '  ■  ■ 

held       Cr:  ■     id    /  ■  :       .  ,  ' 

Winn^     ■  .       t;  ;v     ,  r 

Robt.         -  .    ,    ■  ;  •.   .  ;  ■  .  ^ 

ward,  .tnL.  _   ^  ;    -  :    -  ■  ■  gners  ot  its 

constitutit.    ,     :  .  -   .  '  .  .    .  -  p  rr\--;-v;dv- 

in  niin^ber.     in  y;-  ^  ■  ^  . 

seven,  S'^  td.i^  ;\r   r-;c  -:^;-e  ^a  t.p-  ;ni  two 

and   s;x:y-:^vc'  •^;^:;c^   v-i'.-   r  -    ■    :r.:  rod.      ^  ■ 

sec.--:d  yea;         It-.  ::-::-i:.:n..:    ■  •:         :    ^    ^..ag  the 
Andr-^w  ■    ,  '"-Y^  f'^-^''  -  ^^^-^ 

Anthony  HanvK-  ::  -::<  '     ,      '  :  .  ,  j"d  and 

and  the  brotiicr  ( .'.p^.:  .y.    ;   d:    :  ■    :    '   n  dv: 
time  a  school  was  taaght  in  Wdpr-b  ro  hy  Wddur.  iiTi,- 
[)hrc\'^,  who  ■        ■        ■  ■        by  the  Mount 

Zion  S'-^ci-r\'.     '\     -   ;;  . .        ..yo  member  •  t-':-; 

Societ}-.  ai^;:  ^''.v>>^-a  i;jt"s  in  Wdna-  --ch  he  so!;  c 

{800.     At  what  tino-:  ;    -as  discontiriacd  u  "Mr 

k:-.-'  ,d-.';     //     -  d.:d/;'     O    ...O         d     ;  ~.     d-:-     /  c'c'/'/O 

Dr.  Howe  in  aii- : 
Idle  Mount  /'  .d... 


of  May,  l7<So,  just  tour  days  be  fort:  the  so.  rrontier  of  Charles- 
ton to.the  British  army.  Down  to  tiiai:  time  about  fifty  new 
Dairies  had  been  added  to  tliis  h"st.  cimong  which  is  that  of 
Charles  Pinckne\%  Chief  Justice  of  the  Proviiice,  and'presi- 
dent  of  the  Provincial  Congress.  There  is  no  record  after 
this  for  abciut  two  years.  Early  in  1783,  the  Society  met 
5 !  \  C  h  a  r  1  e  s  t  o  t  K  and  t  •  I  e  c  t  e  d  J  <  >  h  n  PI  u  j:^  e  r  p  r  e  s  i  d  e  n  t .  a  p  p  o  i  n  t  e  d 
johm  Wir.n  and  six  <-)ther  directors  in  Winnsboro'  and  its 
vicinity,  and  Charles  Pinckiie\'  and  five  other  directors  ni 
Charleston  :  and  wrote  on  the  7th  of  March  a  letter  to  the 
committee  in  Winnsboro'  ififormin^  tivem  of  their  actio:"!. 


addressing-  them  a- 
committee  repPcd.  " 


'Phis 


to  tile  r 

lehn  \' 


It  into  a 


Mounr  Zi.^t).  t'  •   '  ' 

On  th'_-  ' 
an  Act  was  passed 
called  tlie  C  : 
purpose  :  "  •  • 
associated   i  ^  - 


s'jcicic  comrcM  -  w-r. 
■'  ■  ■  :  ■  nicii  teiU  iti 

.    :  State  P  ..Vr 

of  the    ■„  , 

and  su  p;.'^:;t 


youtfi,  ana  nave  rn.icie 
of  the  State  to  be  , 


80 


'■.\bout  this  time  '  appears  th.c  hrst  iiicntioii  of  a 

society  which  was  dcstincnl  io  exert  an  important  intnieiicc 
on  the  w  eU'ai-e  of  the  communities  bordering  on  t L'oper 
Pedee. 

*'  But  littie  attention  had  hitherto  been  L;"iven  to  tlie  sub- 
ject of  education.  With  a  country  recently  settled,  and 
most  of  the  iiihabitarits  poor,  it  was  to  be  expected  that 
matters  i if  material  interest  woukd  nrst  ciii^^age  thiC  tiioui^ius 
of  the  people.  For  some  years  past,  too,  the  public  dis- 
turbances, so  deeply  affecting  the  peace  and  pros[)erit>"  of 
the  inuint  settlemet^.ts.  liad  -:eri<)usi\'  retarded  their  prt^^ress. 

*'  Bein-^-  r;o\v.  however,  in  a  state  of  comparative  rc;>use. 
and  uatli  brig-litt-"      '  • -'^^  c^-   ^  ;  ^:  :  ; ^'e.  the  welfare  ot 

the  rising  g-ener:.;..  •  ked. 

"On  the  13th  December,  1777.  this  u'^-y  appear^  in  the 
Rev.    Mr.   Pi-  ■  -.7      ■  \        -     \    at    the    '^^  '-^^ 

House  in  S  ■    ; .  ir^i  '      ,       :  m 

"  went  to  Dr.  e::    -  —      _  On  die  :iit 


"  The  H^>n.  A\  '  .  wa^  electe 

and     /      -  '  i  ■ . ;     ,    :  o  b'cl  K-   0.      ■    -  ■- 


glilSlleCL 

•  ;  "Th-    -  -e  '---i::  ■ 

Sociv.  -  . .   e  ^   rest  am-.'       .  ■  .    ,  : :     ■  -  i 

St.  David'<  Parish.  An  orig;inal  subscription  paper  e-f  ti'ie 
date  just  mentioned  '  (3CI1  Y)c-  : .  i  v. 

has  M.r-vieed  die  rav:-:-    •!  :  .    :  •..  A  r7,-v;  .     ■  ,  : 

"As  the  endowir.^    ■  . •    "A"  -ci'-   •  •  e.d 

ether  ^-.ee  e  :  e      i>f  [earnini;  has  ever  been  attenderi  with 
the  iTiost  -ai  ater}-       '         e~  •  • ' '     ■    r  ■ : '  ■      .'A:'^r,         ■ ] 
principles  of  reli^i'a'   .  e    .    .     ~  _ 

them  a^ter^^■ards  t<>  hll  with  diL{!nt)'  and  usetuhies.-  tiie 
:nr:^i  important,  de;)  "  State,  who  that  d  ..i 

iover  of  his  conn  try  a  ^  .:  e  ~  ■  ■  ^uv,-\  him  can  faii  i-^  de- 
plore the  great  want  or  this  nec-r^.u'r   v; a^'itication  in  our 


yfVJth.  especial !y  in  tVie  irucrior  parts  of  it,  .it  this  oariy 
period  of  our  flourishing;  and  risirij^^  State?  l\\  the  future, 
when  we  shal!  be  at  libertx'  to  make  our  ou  n  laws  withoMt 
the  contrr)]  oi  at\  <ii-bitrary  dospfn,  what  iieart  w.^uid  not 
glow  with  pie.i-ure  to  see  a  senate  tilled  witti  learned,  wise 
and  able  inen,  for  the  uatit  of  whom  tlie  most  floiirishini; 
republic--  h<ive  become  the  tof>ls  of  arbitrary  dt:S!)0ts  ?  And. 
wherea."..  there  is  a  societ\-  established  in  the  Parish  of  St. 
David,  b\-  the  name  of  tiie  St.  David's  Society,  purposely 
for  foundin;^-  a  public  scliool  in  said  Parish,  for  educati'.i^: 
}-outlis  in  tiic  Latin  and  (ii-eek  lant^-uages,  mathematics  and 
otlier  useful  branches  of  lea-    ■  ■  '     •  •  .  ho  are  nv>t  of 

ability  without  assistance  to  c.irf\  -  ;  ■  and  necessary 
an  effiut  into  e fleet. 

be-'  ^    .  ■   A  :  ■   -      .  -  ..r.^  h.-,  . 

su:--  ;,  do  pr  ....   •::ini  Mr 


M::nv 


ton,  tne  p- 
Coru'M  M!:  i        :  .  ■  ' 

A-idre;  ■  ^  .  -  - 
cit<"'  h;;n  a-  ■  ■  - 

■  -la  i  thou;^  1  r; 

:   .\     mce  r>(  <\rrr\: 


:r  two 


.1  S';.'    'A  ,i- 


-clvd.*r.  and  w^e  do 
.    .--icni  of  >•) 


'■  ill  ta!>  (ieoatv 
Mr.  \'an  Biiren,  ih. 


nerai  la. 


.32 


point  we  are  now  r:onsiderin^i:;.  and  contradicts  Mr.  Mc^Ja-- 
ter"s  assertion  that  there  were  no  schools  in  the  State  during 
the.  Revoh-ition.  Mr.  Farton  tells  us  that  in  ear.')-  'ife 
Jackson  attended  some  the  better  sch^"^ols  of  the  conn- 
try — scho(3!.-,  he  g'.^es  on  to  exph\in,  kept  by  clerL^ymen.  in 
which,  tile  languages  were  taught.  He  says  the  first  school 
of  the  kwd  w  hichi  Jackson  attended  was  an.  acachr.nv-  in  the 
W'axaw  settiement,  of  which  Dr.  Huniphiries  was  nuister, 
it:  anr>ther  place  he  sa\'s  that  by  the  time  the  \var  approached 
the  W'axaw  settlement,  bringing  blood  a.nd  terror  with  it, 
leaving  desolation  beidnd  it.  ciosin-^  (yll  sciiool-hotiscs ,  aiid 
putting  a  stop  to  the  peaceful  labors  of  thic  pe- .'ple.  .  \;v> 
Jackson  was  a  httle  n^ore  than  ri^ irteen.'"'  \o\^-.  .An- 
dre\\'   1  Hckson  was  born        :  ;    \  i;  .     as  but  r,igiit         ;  of 

jackson  in        :  ■     a    -.ome  time  in  \C     a    -  ai  i_ka.:a   :'  a^ 

-    /^-'ja  ^'/i:!            a  aa  (J  a  lang  t  !ia  -sar 

iA                       .  :t   ;^   is.i'\rr-\  n  tnai  L)v.    1  ■-aaa; 

A-:    ;  .  :  .  r  a.'.;,,  a'     'a     '  ara- - 1 :ariy    'a;;r   -.ajcn    by  iiaa  -il 

\\           ^.  anc  ta_a        ^  . . :  , .  ^  a..--                         Creek.  \' 

Co-.!!"ity  .  during  thi-  ■■.-a  ; :.  a~..,  k'        a  a-  a  -choui     -  >  at 


Avi'ii.-.i.'45  '-on  V.  iCa  U'.r  M. 

Par'  f  .  iyuin-iK.^  fack- 

r  '  :  ■  r  Jacks:' n  ~ 


33 


F-\'..(iing  Creek,  kept,  open  b)'  ?v[rs.  Gaston,  wife  of  Justice 
John  Gaston. 

Mr.  Mc.Master  asserts  that  prior  to  1730  no  such  thing  as 
a  i^rammar  school  existed  in  South.  CaroHna  ;  that  between 
173 1  and  1776  there  were  but  five,  and  duriui^the  Revolution 
there  u  ere  none. 

The  t'ollowinj^  table  shows  the  number  or  schools  estab- 
h"shed  before  an.d  during  the  Revohition  in  each  of  the 
election  and  political  divisions  of  the  Stale  as  such  divisions 
were  arranged  by  the  constitution  in  [776,  v.  hen  the  State 
adopted  trie  deciaraticjn  of  independence.  '  •  -  ':n,own  th;it 
there  were  other  schools,  but  of  the  to  -  i  g  we  have 
record  and  special  me ntioiK 

i:>  Char'.;-   -  ;-  - 
Oranimar  - 

Parish   of  St.   Philip's  and  St. 

'  Charlestown  i       -  -.V^iMn 


Parish  of  Ciirist  Church,  •  - 
Pari-h  of  St  Jvh-Zs,  i^-k  -  , 

Parish  of  St.  Ail  drew"-;, 

Parish  of  St.  «  -  '  •  ]  '  ^  :  -ter, 
Pari^h  01  St.  James.  G  m:-;,j  i  "r  -.-k. 
Parish  of  St.  Thomas  an^l  St.  Dennis,  - 

Parish  of  St.  Puui'.-.  -• 

Parish  of  St.  Bartholomew's.  - 

*  ■  ■ 

Parish  of  -     :  '  ; 

Parish    :     ..  ;  .  ,  ;^  ^antee,  - 
Parish  of  t'riace  Ge(a-:;e,' \Vinyav\. 
Parish  of  Prince  PTedcrick, 

=*  £  ■::^ro/  Rev.  James  H.  S.iye,  D.  D.,  ChesUr,  6',  C. 


.-caooi.,  A 


Society  F: 
tnur  Sch..; 


34 


't.  John's,  Colleton, 
t.  Peters, 
Parish  ot  St.  Stcf-then's, 

District  Eastward  of  Wateree, 


{  Hext's  Scl-,.^»''l  for 
'l  the  Fo  r,  "7o. 


I  A  1  e  X  n  n  'let'  < 

[  School,    ' Vvi.vaws. 

!  Catholic    S    c  i  e  t  v 

I  School,  A. A.  t77'l 

:  (Free  Grammar 

School.) 

i'  Salcni    S  i!  del  v 

;  School,  A. A.  176S'. 

I  C  F  r  e  e  Grammar 

,  School. "1 


I  'i:?trlct  of  Xinety-Six. 
District  of  Saxc  Goth.a  •  new  German  settlement  ^  

^  Mount  /;  ^  -  - 
i  cy  Schu'.ii. 

District  between  Rroad  and  Catawba  Rivers,  ; 

\  Sohk.-ol.     -Mrs,  G.is- 

COtVs  Sol-,:n;. 

District  of  New  Acquisition,       -        -       -;    "  ,.  ^>**^ 


Parish  oi  St.  ^latthcws, 
P.i;'!-,h  of  St.  David. 


now  :  z  nat 


L:r  scno',>is  KeT)t 


cation  as  weli  as  ot 

the  ■•  ■     '      ^-    ;  ^ 


thai 


;e rests  ot  e 
but  fire  c 

e  we  arc  r 

-t:J    NW.V  . 


All- 


land,  \-.  hich  has  ne\'cr  .  ;  w  \  . 

of  an  hosciie  a^':  / 

tie 'I    "  -•         !'  L    .W  . 

ria:'  -.  :  ■       eon  duct  in  the  matter  of  etla  . 

■    -       '    ■  .;-eofw.' 
*  ../:      -  ;        : :  istory  of  1' 

I '., .  -    .    .  ,    j  •.  we  read  : 


■•  Several  instance?  orcur  in  the  public  records,  as  far  ba«':k 
as  the  year  [722.  just  at  the  bei^inning  of  an  Itidian  v.  ar, 
that  the  frontier  tow  ns  petitioned  the  assembiy  for  a  special 
Act  to  exempt  them  trom  the  obh'gation  to  maintain  a 
grammar  school  during  the  war.  The  indulgence  uas 
granted  them,  but  only  on  this  condition,  'that  they  should 
keep  a  school  for  reading,  writing  and  arithmetic  to  whicii 
all  towns  of  fifty  inhabitants  were  obliged.  In  later  times, 
the  conduct  of  the  same  towns  has  been  very  different. 
During  the  late  war  with  Britian  not  only  those,  but  many 
other  towns,  lar^i'  and  oputtiit,  and  far  removed  from  arj' 
danger  of  the  enemy,  were,  for  a  !/rcat  part  of  the  time,  des- 
titute of  any  publie  sehools :  not  only  without  applying  to 
the  legislature  for  permission,  but  contrary  to  the  express 


peer  to  the    ■  .     -    ^'  -  .        v  ^                ■  ■       ■<■'  ::.'  - 

'^^T::-  in. 

the  p".'  -      ■■ '  ■•  n  of  n.-  ors  in  the  South.  M 

people,  the  .  :  .   :  :\\     -           -                .  .-i.: 

with  the    Ea:^':.  ,   ,                            -    ':.:b'C.  ir 

Iri  Nv:n"    •    i:"ennsyi vania mi 

\  '■"g(:,..a  and  .Xi;rr''    ■  '  ..■                       ,   •        ■  •  each.  ,  in 

G-.T;^;  I  on-,  in  S^.  .    ,    .is  tn;e 

to-dav."' 


36 


One  would  certainiy  suppose  upon  reading  this  statemeTU 
tiuiL  Mr.  ^{cMaster  had  t?xainined  the  statistics  oi  the-e 
Colonies,  and  had  ascertained,  at  least  as  nearly  as  one  now 
can,  their  respect^^'e  populations,  and  that  it  was  upon  such 
a  careful  examination  that  lie  had  concluded  from  trds  data 
also  that  in  the  Southern  States  education  was  ainriost 
wholly  neglected,  but  nowhere  to  such  an  extent  as  in 
Soi4th  Carolina.  But  it  is  evident  that  he  hazarded  tliis 
statement  al-o  without  any  consideration  ;  and  that  it  is 
as  unfounded  as  his  statements  in  regard  to  our  school.-^. 

To  guaQ-e  the  education  oi  a  people  by  the  nuiriber  of 
newspapers  printed  in  any  commun{t>%  \\"0  must  6.rst  ascer- 
tain the  number  of  the  community,  and  conipare  the  num- 
ber (^f  the  newspapers  with  the  number  of  the  community, 
that  is  with  it-  ■  •  '  ?tion.  Mr.  McM  ^  i;  -  had  just  stated 
i  page  S  i  that  ^.  :j  jen  estimated  rh  .  ;  :he  opening  of 
the  war  there  were  in  tlie  country,  both  white,  and  black, 
two  million  s^.-       '       ^    '     ::.['  -      '  :   -  ^    -  ;     ■  ' 

in  a  note  on  tii:    :  r.  -  . 

Remembrancer.   Part    11.   pa..'  •  es:;--^  .  of 

the  white  y  ■  ■  '  '         i;S;  ^ 

poses  oi     ~  -  . ' . :  t\\'o  :,iiL;^'n 

three  hut:'.:  ^..  ' r '  : ..iiree  hun  Jrod. 

As  :he?  x:.  v.  ■    ■  ;  -   .  ,  ;    ■  ■  -uencenv; 

the  Re".- ■  „   "     :     ,    -  -  -    -    ^:    tiiirty-scvcn  o.ipers,and  . 
nearest  ..-srv!..- c  v      .v  be  had  of  the  white  pr 
tion  of  the  whole  country  at  that  time  is  t^vo  million  three 
hundred  anv'  ;      *  :  •  ■  •    '  .   ,  ;  u;d  thi  c.;  hundred,  wr- 
have  one  nc,''- .  •  ,    ;  V>  t^-:c:y  -.ixt\'-four  th...'^, ^.a 

five  hundred  a;  :       '  ,        Mr.  MeM:iSter  allows  that 

at  this  time  -ii^ee  nev;s[}aperr>."''' 

thenr  '-l       \  -  ,  :      "  -.nth    :       ■  n 


zUo  K:k^ :  X^znifaper  Press  of  Charleston. 


South  Carolina  in  1775  ;  but  in  a  table  g-(\'en  in  E>ray ton's 
I'L'iv  of  Sonth  Ciirolina,  page  103,  it  is  put  in  1763  at  [ort\' 
tiiousand  1  white  1.  Supposing  then  that  ihc  white  popula- 
tion had  increased  to  the  extent  <">r  nfty  per  cent,  in  the  ten 
years,  from  1763  to  1775,  we  ^vould  ha'vc  the  number  of 
whites  in  South  Carolina  sixt\'  thousand.  liut  we  have  Just 
seen  th.at  the  a\'erage  population  in  the  whole  country 
Tieccs.siiry  lo  -upport  one  paper  was  sixtx'-four  thousand 
6.\'e  hundred  and  seventy-tu'C.  In  South  Carolina  it  ap- 
pears sixt)'  thousand  supported  three  newspapers,  or  one 
to  e\'ery  twenty  thousand."'-' 

Let  us  now  go  into  this  w\, :r.  aiid  co:r!- 
pare  South  Carolina  with  the  '  ,  :  i-;:'.  -  .  ucs  and  Pclhi- 
sylvania,  which  are  lielri  u|:>  to  us  as  the  standard  to  which 
w-':"\'  •  :  ^  ^  '      '.L:?;         ;     /        ■  Hc/ds?!l^ 

///...    y    _  .    ; ,-.  :       .  /^ers  piibii--;ied 

in  Xew  E;-  :'      '  a..  ;.--urteen,    t  V;  ■    rhe  numbers  in 

e;  -  ^     ■  .  ■ .  ; 

[-1     ■  -  :    V    -•■  .  e-   -  ."n.;..   .  i,-:,;  -r.i.-  one, 

■  -     ,      '  -r/^ 

for  e\ "  .         i     ^;;T,i  :;--:  e  UTiW 

it  require,-'         ■  ■  ■    :  '        v  ... 

were  tlien  seven  n ..;  ^  ^  ;      <;  ..  e  iiave  but  one 

ne\\ "    ' :   -'."O-y        ■     -   '  ■    '  lUiii  r:":;.,,y- 


.•      ■ .. Uiirc'.i  COUP 

■  ■  '   '         re  I'll  UtL'  ' 

.     ■         at       ,  .  . 

f  See  American  Aiman  ic.  id^o.,  <:iud.  Eruydiypedla  Amsncana. 


3S 


.\ ■  HiimpskirL.  survey  taken  in  1775,  part'y  by 

enumeration  and  partly  b\-  estimation,  for  the  purpose  of 
establishing  an  adequate  representation  of  the  people,  made 
the  whole  luumber  eighty-two  th.ousand  tuf)  hundrci." 
Belknap  s  History  of  Xciv  Hauips/iiri\  page  2;^..  In  New 
Hampshire  eig/ity-tivo  thousand  tzco  /iiindred  people  main- 
tained but  our  paper. 

Connecticut .  In  tP»e  Eneyelopetiia  Aineriea na  the  popuia- 
tion  of  the  State  in  1774  is  given  at  one  hundred  and 
ninety-seven  thousand  tiiree  hundred  and  sixty-five:  and  it 
had  tour  newspapers,  or  one  to  every  forty-nine  ttiousaud 
tiiree  Imndred  and  forty  inhabitants. 

Rhode  Island,  W'e  cannot  put  our  hand  upon  any  esti- 
inave  e>\  the  population  of  Rhode  Island  before  the  Rev<->iu- 
tion  with   which   to  compare   the  cu  r;  (^.f  her  two 

ne\'  -  '•■  ■ 

•  /     '  .  ..       ,  ■  _   y,  .  ......  :^d 

that  the  population  of  Pen  •  -lia  in  1782  was  supposed- 

to  be  rl-i:  -  .  ■       '        :        -'i:'  , 

nine  r-:,    -                        .  .  '  .-.     ■  / 

six  '  IS  :^eif')'  \)-:  .y:  p :  " '-li- 
mate'd. 

Upo!'          : xr^n it  -trmi^^e  that  one  wh<> 

aspn'e:.-  '       .     cs  ^-.v:        /s  aa         '-rian  ^li--  ii.i 

rashly-  a.-         the  lack  or  new^i:.  v::  .     ;  :   Soutli  Carolina  in 

:    ~  •     ■           '  "  ■  ...      '      '  -  P'cci  '■>-     :  ucatieui,  and  lanicnt 

But  if  newspapers  are  rh,-  -^;ia;^e  of  the  educati-.^n  -f  the 
pe'",  '  .   .   ■  —    slv.    McM^a-ter  say   to  the       : :    '  it 

tho:.,:.;  \  ■  ,--:y  ii^d  r,>::;;,y.y  ,Md  -^Mbli.h.^d  r : :  _  ^^v.-.a 
nistitutiOP  or  ic-arn^  O:  ;•.  :'r'-  -ceton  -  .. :  .  1:1  v.  •'iicn  li .:  .'••is 
\\r;t;n::'-  -.^  ■  :h  a  population  of  cv/c         's  :i 

fifry-joue  r  :  ,  r-  -  :..^^yy:     ,...y,  -  ^ 

can  find  no  ,  .  . :  ,  _  ;  -  x"''  -  -     -l  iO 

newspaper  whatever  prior  to  :  .  :  .  oiution  '  Wall  lie  la- 
ment also  //rr  d     '   -  ■        ■  •   i  ^ 

Gri.:vin-   ■         th^    -^-.itk  in  th-  last 

century,  Jvlr  .  ..tscer  sigais,     The  slU'..  is  t; ... 


30 


"In  1870,""  ho  g^'Os  ou  to  say,  "the  pr.puhition 
^icor^ia  ill  rounci  tuimbers  was  twelve  huii-Jred  thou^- 
.inci  souis.  and  th.c  circulation  ot  the  newspaper  less  than 
fourteen  and  a  half  millions  of  copies.  'Die  popidation 
of  Massachusetts  was  at  the  same  time  fif'teen  hundred 
thousand,  but  the  newspaper  circulation  was  far  in  excess 
ot  one  hundred  and  se\'en  and  a  half  millions  of  copies."' 

iiut  why  stop  in  liis  lamentati(3ns  here?  Tiie  case,  as 
viewed  by  liim  is  innnitely  worse  than  that.  Hy  the  same 
census  to  which  he  refers,  tiiat  of  1870,  it  appears  that  the 
whole  value  of  the  products  of  manufactures  in  Geori^ia 
was  but  .S3  [,  196, 1  1 5,  whereas  in  Massachusetts  it  'Aas 
i>3. 53,912.56s.  Now,  surely  if  the  people  of  Georgia  have 
so  few  manuiactures,  by  parity  of  reasonini^-  they  must 
wear  ver\-  little  clothes,  and  can't  have  ariy  shoes.  We 
are  beginning  to  remedy  tliis.  however,  '*do\\'n  South." 
W'e  are  already  manufacturing  some  clothing,  and  it  may  be 
#  that  by  the  time  Mr.  McMaster  gets  through  his  work,  we 
oi  the  South  will  have  begun,  too,  to  have  our  own  pres.-. 
and  to  take  few.-'  of  New  .'.n  !  New  Vork 

journals,  and  :\  .  i  to  son;,.  .  enormoiis 

circulation  which  Mr.  McMa^ter  has  n;  .1  a.^  being  con- 

tin...    '  -  '  :      '  .•        u^etts.     .  '  ■  ..'-^ii 

of   /.  :  ...,en  and  i;Hi 

toreign — in  1870.  includmg  thirty-fjne  th.).>  U'd  seven 
hi.indrc  '  .     '  '  '  :■   ■  '-re  disqualihed  fron^  vot- 

ing buC;i..r.  .  .    :    .1']  and  w?-ite,  \^.'as  c>-:- 

four  hundred  and  r.:\_  r,  thousand  three  hu'-  .0:  : 
hft}--onc,  i\ot  exact!)'  tiie  one  niilli<>n  fi\^e  hundred  thousand 

Mv'  ■        ■    '  '  ;       '    •         \r.-.    ^I^V       :ry      ^  _ 

lie-.  .  :.:         ,  ,  • .  .    :  .  .         incluc:  .... 

who  could  not  read,  were  so  ravenous  for  literature  that  the\' 
consumed  ^      -  -^'  y  newspapers  :«nieC';  annually 

We  ventuT;;  .  ■  ,  -  c^'oacit)'  to  do       e\\.;i  all'nving 

that  **  Massac i;  ;/    -i:-  jrior  to  all   the   rest   of  the 

-viiu  ■ . •  V  aii-atisfactory  a  test  •.-[  c<.iu..a.        aw 0 

literature  -     :      matter  of  the  manufacture  of  p-.n-"  .Jl  i>: 


40 


Do  not  these  figures  include  flashy  pictorial  periodicals, 
and  even  obscene  works,  which  the  Statutes  of  Mas-.-ichu- 
setts  through  the  reguhir  ofticcrs  of  the  law,  ' 
of  societies  incorporated  for  the  purpose,  are  endeaV'-r:!;-  to 
suppress?  A  glance  at  the  Xew  York  and  Massachusetts 
Statutes  will  show  tliat  with  a  clieap  piess  has  sprung  up 
the  rankest  and  most  noisome  food  that  can  be  '  •  ■  -tered 
to  the  miiK-l — to  such  an  extent,  that  their  leg:  :  .-  have 
been  called  upon  to  suppress  it.  ''The  Nation"  has  lately 
been    protesting    from  anoih-^'     i  ;  :  '  "  '  ' 

tiade^  -ag:dnst  ■  th;/  ': , .AL^l;••'  ; 

numbers  and  w  .  '    ■        .      '  :^ound. 

It  was  CarK'le  v:bo  ■     -   ..: ml  ' 

still  :  '■'  .  I      !.  p'i}"^-''Jri    l'^^"'^';  "^•-''^ 

by  llr:   ■      .     ,  ,y 

.IV. 


LIBRARIES. 


W'e  thinlc  we  have  f;dr]' 


tcr.  that, 
munia-  v.' 


:he  nam  be 
De  tae :  : 


eimllencr: 


t-jry  e!  rue  ^: 


_;;si-it!ec  acts  and  pfieat. 
rie_u  ed-ication  n-:> 


education  had  bec^nie 
libraries  existing  at  the  li 


41 


sarily  representative  of  the  existinci^  state  of  public  opMiion 
oil  the  SLibji.'Ct  ot' culture.  Thc\' were,  with  scarce  an  excep- 
tion, either  connected  directly  with  institiitir^ns  of  learning 
or  the  growth  of  associations  of  c^enrlemen.  havin'^  tastes 
or  interests  in  common." 

Dr.  Ramsay,  as  we  have  seen  in  iiis  chapter  on  the  literary 
histor\-  of  the  State,  v.rites  that  the  earliest  settlers  had 
scarcel)-  pr(>vided  tlieniselves  with  shelter  before  they 
adopted  measures  for  the,  moral  and  liierar\'  improvement 
of  tliemselves  and.  thvjir  children.  In  the  \'ear  1700."  he 
goes  on  t<")  say.  "a  lav/  wa>  passed  for  securing  the  Provin- 
cial library  of  Ch.arlcstoii,  which  had  hcQn  prtZiously  formed 
by  the  liberality  of  Dr.  Br  .-,  ^'v.  T.     N  •  \>-:<.  uvA  the 

inhabitants  of  the  Prov.::..  ,  .  .     •  .  •  L  .    .  .c'al 

Act -of  the  legislature  deposited  in  ti'.  •  .  >    !  -  .}f  the  minister 


tion  and  care  e-f  James  Moore.  Joseph  Morton,  Nicholas 
Trott.  R  "  .  '        "  -  : 


Fr..-'in  tir     .     .  :      ■        '  '     \\  rh^:  ^.^tab- 

ri:  ■  ■ .  <  ^  - -  "  ^       ^  ;■  '■ 

latiit  ac:-  ■'lon^.  an  :         rn.-  .■■ 

Sc  '  '         .  -  ■   .  " 

••  B)-  tile  eriorts  of  the  Rev.  Thomas  Bray,  the  h'.- 
London's  c;^r  :       :  '         miJ  fr  /.n  the  b^j^rrzy 

the  Lvr.i^  r--         •    :       ■  ;.   -i  -^-  Carolinians. 

'  -  •        .  '  .      .  :  •  .  '  .  .  .^Lown  et:.'I 

pi;u:e-'.i       an  ui  .  Vssem biy  !  jou rnai  •       •  nnder  the  care 

oi         E;  '         ■ '    ' '   '  ■  \         ■  :  ■  ~ 

In  thu:  .  .  ..     .....         .    ,  _      .  ,  .  ..  ■  c':^  .r  .'..  :.'}  . 

there  v/ere  in  the  [^.'ovince  about  5,500  persoiis,  besides  In.- 


t  .C':uir'i  •'  ■  uk  CiroUna.  ("O-^c  .'<..>?. 


42 


kno\\",  but  it  certainly  was  in  operation  for  many  years,  t<.:>r 
in  1712  another  Act  was  passed  "  '  •  -  „  ^  'o-  I'rovinciai 

library  at  Charlestown,  in  Car-  :   .,,  n vc  more 

commissioners  were  added,  and  other  i-i  .ns  mc»de  tor 
the  use  uf  the  books  and  management  u£  tiMt  library.  ;in(I 
of  other  parochial  libraries.'''" 

Mr.  Scudder  in  his  report  gives  1730  as  the  date  the 
it  ion  by  Franklin  of  the  d.-.'-.i  ."'ed  "  '/ /u 

/  v//iV."  which  grew  into  the  A ;/.'  Sor.ie'fiu 
and  was  also  the  cause  of  the  est..  rrankHn 
called  the  m':)ther  of  all  the  Xorrii  ■  u"   -  — :i 

librarie>.    /      "  ■  '       •■       '  '  "  ■  '  ^  - 

of  the  .  • 

general  [y  _     .  ■  '  /    ■  '  ^  ■  .  =^        >    \        /.  i 


Mr 


pin-'?:  ,  ■  .:'.A\i:c:.  -'ich  ncv. 


rc  tne  cio- 


ratidcd  and    -'givd.  when   they        .im-.:d   the  nar 
'  ;      ■  ■   ■  = ''rin'^omen lS  hjf  the  aco 


43 


ter,  von'  probably,  we  think,  because  tiie  Colon ial  Legisla- 
ture had,  as  we  ha\-e  seen,  of  itself  undertalceii  riie 
matter  of  a  Provincial  library:  but,  however  that  may  be, 
the  prcse'^.t  Charleston  Library  Society  was  incorporated 
in  [735. 

Josiah  Quincy,  in  his  journal,  writes: 
Marcli  9th  <  1 7731.  Spent  all  the  morning  in  viewing 
the  public  iibrar\",  .State-house.  [)ub[ic  offices.  &c.  Was 
accompanied  by  Messrs.  Pinckn.ey  and  Rutledge,  two  young 
gentlemen  lately  from  the  Temple,  whc  ■  Hv--  t<'ok  tlie 
degree  of  barristcr-at-Iaw.  Dublic  lib'  . ;  h.!.nds')niij 

scjuare.  spacious  room,  •  ;    :  \■^^xy 

v:y'  ■       ^    ':     \  ^- ,  ■ 

for  s-.:._:-     :  ■  -'.'^  •  ^   :  -  •/)  :.  ■ 


had  n 


vara  was  \n 


few  V 


:  :        '  -   ■    ;    ^  i  it  then  ^     -  . 

six  thousand  aKii  .seven  ti)ousa!Kl  volumes. ;J;    Jiut  thc  hbrary 


of  H.irvo.rd  was  not  in  any  sense  a  public  library.  It  was 
the  libraiy  oi'aii  cciiicational  institution,  it  was  commenced 
by  a  devi '<tr  b}-  the  Rev.  Jr)iin  Har\'ard  of  his  b'bt\-r-\-  r<) 
the  Wilderness  Scmin.ir)'. 

We  had  something  ot  the  same  kind  in  tiiis  Colony 
as  earl}-  as  1755.  The  Winyaw  Indii;;o  Societ\ ,  \'/l)ich 
we  have  already  mentioned,  thougli  not  incorporated  un- 
til I75'~'.  vvas  formii-d  about  the  year  1740  by  the  plan- 
ters of  Georgetown  District,  and  was  originally  a  social 
club,  which  met  once  a  month  to  discuss  the  latest  news 
from  London  and  tiie  culture  of  indic^o,  the  staple  product 
r.f  th.e  country.     The  initiation  ■  :  annual  subscrip- 

tions of  .the  m<;'V.b.:-r-  -v -v'*' :  f  ^'.  and  a -•"•v^  ex- 

penses were  !  '  :•.:■:[':-         ■  J.  Hi 

which  ■  see:-]  .d 

president  ■■.■■I  r; :     -  :   -   -  .  . : 


be  d 


sn  c 

charily  s:/  ;r  the  p^'    : .  v    :  .  -   \  : 

sprun J     '  '        ■  ; 

spoke::.-  . 

was  add  \   i  .    ■■;  '    :  ■      .;:-..;.  '    .  :  xy.;d  •: 

away    •  .        ••       tiie  oceup.iaori  ol  (.rt 

dur^':::'  . 

be!:  >.--::  :ty,"  v:.:::;:  •:.-:•:.:' cnipt  at  forma 

library  Society  as  earl)  a-  1732.^- 

V. 

OTHER  EX'IDEXCES  OF  EDUCATION  AN 

TURE. 

We  have  shown  th.^c  :  'vh:ch  V^- 

ter  has  -o  rashi}"  a-s..rr,.  .7  .-i  -.s— s  \-  a 

i^;cr.:.i.  ^''Ur  oeoj^le  were  ("  ^-ad::'^^  -:::  ^.7^.  biii'ai'v 
houses,  ea  :   :  7      -  ;  -.  ^'iied  in  the  '  .  '  .: 


'  South  Liirciina,  VoIid::-; 
>  H--'a.'^'s  Historv  Pnsf'vi 


public  trca:^iin- ;  that  they  were  priiuiiig  neuspnpors  far  ii: 
excess  evcPi  of  Massachusetts:  that  the\-  ^vere  estabHshiii^' 
public  libraries  even  before  Franklin  founded  tliat  in  Phiia- 
deipi'via.  But  there  are  still  other  evidences  of  the  education 
and  culture  of  our  people  durin:^  chc  period  of  our  alieg-ed 
ignorance. 

In  a  paper  prepared  b}-  J.  M.  Toner,  M.  D.,  founder  of 
the  Toner  lectures  in  W'aslrington.  and  published  by  the 
Government  at  the  instance  of  General  Eaton,  Commissioner 
of  the  Bureau  of  Education,  in  1874,  Dr.  Toner  says : " 

"  The  Carolinas,  from  a  comparativcl\'  earh"  period,  fur- 
nished numerous  vai.uablc  ;  ■  .  .  ^iLc;:.:  -;  ■: 
medicine  ar'  -.arv.r.d  ■^  .  .■.  ;...rr.v  led  tdi  th- 
States  in         .     ,                  .    .  ■ 

"  .\s  early  as    183S.    iJ         ^  v:on   in  the 

Britis]^  p:iv\-,  and  K'' '  ^    ■  ■    -      _  -  'r^CA-'' 

cessi  u y  CO I'S'-^rn  i  : ;     :  ■  ...  •  _   ■  ■       :  .  ■ .      r  u: 

was  at  vari  _  :ed  to       ■  ■  ■    •::  . 

i'h  ■  :        .  .  ■  .  ■  .  ,.     •  • 

and  iarer,  "A*-;   -ccruint  of  Excreti'  :ir  rimnar.  C;..' 

Oh\-.:....  ■.      .  .  ^  •       '  j.        \  .crlpt  i  (j  n  r.r 

the  Am  eric  •■  /X-  i-  .-;r."  He  died  in  1750,  aged  nft>'- 
two  '  0-^ 

■        -  .■■.la.iri            v.-as  t!v.;      "  -  C^i^'i^^i. 

physician  of  V:  i...  ■    ■     '         "  .  ■     ^ovcvz^v/  /  vo 

degree  of  M.  D.    This  w  :--.    "  ■■•  i                5/3-;.  -  - 

thesis  b-rin-^f  on  '  Colica  pict-jri '.■;";).  1  !  ■■.  o;,,.:  j  uiy  4,  i7-;i- 

"Lionel  C  halmcr^.  •  .  ..-  of  ^^O' 1:0  lod,  vv\  a  well  edu- 

cated phy-icio;-^.  . "    ■  '  o.   f  "oo.  io 

1  754   ■'^ P"-^  -  '     "      /  .  'J    i     Oi  0 

!        \(  .■•.■! ic-i'  P'-'!0'ress  and  Medical  Education- 

■f  \Vc  Jiia)-  a'ivi  that  from  ihai  unic  .I.'  has  never  Wtv- 

without     i^aturalibt  of  established  repuo.     :  ; .  w-orld. 


4(3 


and  in  [76.'^  an  article  oji  fever,  in  whicii  he  aciop>t;cd  the 
'spasmodic  the(^r\'.'  In  1776  h.e  pubHshvjd  a  work  in  tn-o 
volume.^  on  the  Weather  ;ind  Diseases  <)(  South  ('arolina. 
He  died  in  the  year  T777,  at  the  a^-e  of  62. 

'•  Dr.  John  "Monitrie  u-as  the  next  South  Caroh'nian  who 
received  the  degree  of  AT.  D..  wliich  was  granted  in  174*-) 
from  Edinbnro^h.     ilis  thesis  was  '  De  febra  tlava." 

"  Fen-  ten  }'ears  intervening  between  i/6'6  and  1778,  tlurre 
were  ten  natives  who  recei\-cd  the  degree  of  doctor  of  irtcdi- 
cine  at  Edinburgh.  ^ 

"  Alexander,  (.iardner,  a  native  of  Edinbiirgli,  setth:d  in 
(  '  n  in  {750.     In  1754  h.e  wrote  a  de-cription  of  a 

Tn;\\   -Gardcna'^ — which  is  p'^'"'' -'^      in  the  first  volLinie 

of  Medical  Observations  and  In(;..;  .  ■ .  -''ige  i.  In  I7^:'4  he 
})ubiished  an  account  of  the  Spij^clia  niarv  [nu.dico.,  or  Cart.-)- 


London  in  r 702.  ,  /  .j. 

Te,  add  Dr.    :  -  -                            •■  :  ■  ■ 

i  1  "i  ■  . '     .  -         i                               ^         ^ ,  i    -            "  ' 

;      .     ,  -  :  '     ■          udth'  ■  it    ■jd: ;  "  ' 

or                      ,  .                 ^      _^         of  wl^  ic h  ^  St.  r  ; :      - . 

built  in  172V'  Ediiumd  Huri<e  de>cribe<i  spacior.--..  ::.  ; 

ev  -            :      ■       :  •                ta-^r-.  t''- 

steeple  .-t    'd i.'_:S's,  built  in   =7:^^       .  -\-\- 

celebratL:<i  !-'>r  b-.  i::' /    4    its  pr- ^  ^  .-;4  .  : -.     d"!;^  >.       ■  • 


i  -  Church  fli«torv.  oiint'-..    '   '      •.•-.i  of  Ertropeau  ■Settleiuent-.  in 

.  v;iic;\v.a        Bu  rkt — WiIjiu!-    \  '.  :  -  ' 

•  +  .Memoir  <A  jo4ai!  (hi;  .                         ci)  S  (r77;.i;  ;  4;.,  .■« 

with    ■:    ■    ■  —                             '  ■       .  .  .          '            :     ■  : 

The               :c          .i.  ■             A  .  ,  -        ;           .      .  :        .    :              .  :■  i 

hcad-qHiirters  ot"  1 -on.i  Cornw  aiii-.  .uu  iivy  the  Kt:Vi:)iutio3i,  anu  by  I  ho  ;-\-vi;jrai 
aruiv  duri:i:j:  tiic  late;  war, 


Sir  Jcshiia  Reynolds,  .\iia!i  Ramsay,  Zoffany.  Roiiiney, 
(jainsboroiij^h,  Copley,  and  Stuart.""""'  Ramsay  toils  us 

that  i>a"cat  attention  also  was  paid  ti.)  music,  and  that  ma?r\- 
arrivcd  at  distin^^uislied  eini ncnce  in  its  science.  fo  en- 
coui'age  this  science,  a  society  was  formed  and  incurpor.i- 
ted  in  17S4,  which  exists  to-da\'  as  a  social  ori;.! nization 
of  the  liighest  standing.  The  occasion  and  purposes  of  it.^ 
inc<^rporation  are  thus  stated  in  the  preamble  to  tlie  Act  : 

Whereas,  several  persons,  iidiabitants  of  this  State,  ha\  e 
associated  themselves  together,  and  by  \-ohintar\'  contribu- 
tions have  raised  a  considerable  fund,  winch,  is  now  out  at 
interest  o'V  bonds,  and  collected  a  number  of  musical  instru- 
ments, books  and  other  property,  with  the  laudable  inten- 
tion of  encouraging-  the  liberal  science  of  miisic,  and  are 
desirous  of  having  the  said  soc:    "  Mted,  thereby  to 

put  them  on  a  iv  v  ••id  and  L.^i:  .  .  -d-. it  ion  than  thev 
could  b\*  their  v  •  •  ; inscriptions  ■     ■  xc^- 

Mr.  Mc -Master  teiis  how  ■'before  ■  the  hrst  Congress  had 
met  the  demand  ha'!  -  -n  that  the  !-\d  '  ]■  ..-"r^ment 
should  restrain  coi  .     _  \. ,    with  (jt    .  .1  re  - 

strain importation,  and  encourage  n\ .■    ::    '  -  .     .  : 
that  in  every  great  !■  iciies 

for  the  encouragen.  ,  .    i  ■      ,  .1^       ;vl  ■  •  -mce 

tue  war  and  were  nourishing;  but  lie  do' -  ;  ■    :\cr  it 

v\orth\'  of  notice  to  mention  t!:.:'  •  •  l:-:>- 

lina  were  at  the  same  time  fo.^;:  .  .1- 

tific  culture  of   rice  and  indigo,  ,  J 

*  Sec  AppeiKli.K. 

■f-  Memoir  of  Jusiah  Ouiiicy,  page  97.  "  M.n'..h  ^.    i  7  "  :  •.     '  ■       :  •  •  ' 
visited  by  .-everal  gentlemen  t"  whom   }•■-■     '  .    '  ;  - 

Ro.:elveci  a  lickei  from.  David  Dean.  Es<|.,  lui;  tlu:  St..  { "cceli.i  okv a:.d  i.-av 
<-[uit  my  iQurn.-i.!  Id  ao. 

"  \rarch  •  '  cuuccrl-housc  is. a  large,  ineleu  ■•  '  i  •;!••'''•'•■  -'■    '  >  «  :  "••■•n 

a  vara.  .  ce  of.  which  L  was  met  by  a  •  '  •' 

^  -  A  ^ii;-         -i:'.-.  -iL.v'  ];.;■ 'h.-  ■  ''   :.•.:•  ■ 

lu;^  adu):-  T'id  nu:  t  ,  i 

.  a-  liext  ni..:      _    .  ■    •  ■  <:l\jVLth\:.  •,-•)!; 

I  <leiivercd  an'  uckei,  .iiu;  \\  a>.  ^.^.^n^^i.t^.ie^.i  in.  i  i)c  iui.:>ic  *N'a->  g(/^■tl — ;hc  iwo- 
.bii>e  viol-  and  French  h<.»rns  were  strand.  One  .Ahercv-)mi)!e.  ;i  i'  lcnLhrnaa,  ju.-^t 
•ivi  ivecl.  piaj'.;:'!  tiu-  dr;,t  \  iuiiii,  aoii  a  S'>i'  i     !-.'inv  bca  ^r  liian  a^y  imvc  1 

<r-;:v  hear.!.     ifc  i.:aii!r<jt  >pc:xk  a  v.i.id  o.  M  Ka-  a  -xUtiry  <)(  iivc  livui- 

drcd  guinea-  a  year  from  the  St.  (.  eceiia  S  •.  ei;.  i  iiere  were  uf-"a\mm>  of  iwvi 
hundre*.!  -Mvi  hfty  iadic.>  prf.'.-jcur,  and  it  wa^  caUe<l  no  great  unmbt-r,  '  Cvic. 


advancement  in  agriciiiturt:  in  rec'aiming 
lands. 


'•aim 


.  But  why  go  f)n  rcliearsing  and  arguin;^'  W'hai  Cn'-ols  u. 
that  the  people  of  Soutli  Carolitui  were  the  first  on  tliis 
conti'ient  to  attempt  a  pubh'c  library  ;  tb.at  th.e\-  were 
before  Massachusetts  even  in  estabjishino  free  schools  ;  that 
prior  to  the  Revolution  they  maintained,  in  prop'.>rtion 
to  tlie  population,  more  iiewspapers  than  Xew  h1ni;land, 
and  more  than  Massachusetts?  Whar  matters  it  that 
South  Carolina  led  ail  the  States  in.  the  study  of  natu- 
ral sciences,  aiid.  to  this  day,  has  never  hee-n  ^'/ithout 
her  recognized  naturalist  ;  vv'hat  that  by  patierit  toil 
and  careful  scientific  stud)'  her  petjple  converted  swamps 
and  marshes  into  golden  rice  fields,  an.d  spread  tlie  seed 
and  culture  of  cott<.:)n  from  the  Atlantic  beyo!\d  tl\eMis- 
sissippi.  '  Inlands  inwi'l   it  has 

"surpa^-^./  .  ..rton  in  the  length, 

strength  and    beauty    of  its   si.Lple?"     \\'"hat  difterence 
d«;»es    it  make    that    they    found    time    to    cultivate  the 
muses    w-''\:  '.' •'■         \r-v.,     .:  : 
with  the  .  '    I  ,  -d 

have  beeii  prized  in  the  oldest  cities  in  Euro[)c  :  v\  iiat 
that    zhtv   nent    to  .  '    t         <  -  -  son< 

whom  they  had  edL.  ^L  .;,  :  ■  pub- 

lic service?  What  matters  it  ail?  Is  it  n'>t  written  that 
the}-  h;'-;  '       "  :d.  ignor;    - ,       '  -       ■  /:■■[        ■        '  •:: 

shad:-     ,    :      l:  in  the  Iru^.i   :  -  ,  .  ■ 

Br.  -  it  never  occi'r  t^:  tlio^e  "wiser,  bitter  brethren 
of  ours,"  to  ask  tliery.  ■  :'lv  it  we  of  the  S'^atii  wer;-  '.  ^no- 
rant  an-]  ' 'v-/  ';t  tii.;  X-rr;i    -  c v. h-  -    -       •  ^^.7 


from  the  Soutt!,  and  that  fiv--  ..f  t.licm  were-  elect.  ivJ  twice  : 
the  South  thus  holding  the  t>mct-  lor  nearU'  tvv..)-thirds  of 


S'lUthe; 
controlled  r 
eighty  I  _ 


tile  T^residents 


*  Wiuy.iv^-  Tndigo  Society.  1755,  -i^^'^  - - 
Statutes  at  I.^rgc,  V\>;uine  VICI,  page  i-~ 


49  -^'o 


the  ti'Tie  '  How  did  it  tvippen  that  more  than  lialf  the 
Judges  of  the  Supreme  Court,  and  three  ot  the  five  Chief 
Justices,  were  from  the  South'  How  did  it  happen  that 
Marshall  and  Tane\'  were  the  moulders  of  the  system  ol' 
jurisprudence  of  the  United  States?  War  is  a  science — iiow 
was  it  then  tliat  the  uneducated  people  in  tlie  Revokition. 
in  the  war  of  i8i2,  a-nd  in  the  Mexican  war.  furnished  the 
generals  that  led  our  armies  to  victory?  How  was  it  that 
of  the  great  triumvirate,  \Veb>ter,  Clay  and  Calhoun,  two 
were  Southerners?  And  in  the  great  final  catastrophe,  hi">w 
came  it,  if  the  South  was  so  ii:,morant.  t'.iat  the  educat':d 
Xorth  had  to  resort  to  force,  to  mcr-  . 
to  overcome  the  argument  it  could  nev  /  ; •  :  :  r 
ate  chamber' 

For  South  C::  '  ■  erse'f.  this  is  wl'  '  'm 
he  wrote  aSoS  ■.  .i...,--   m  a  n'-^r^:  r.-  h:  •  •  .  r.z^^- 

rary  history : 

-'South  Caro'-  >•  furnished  to  tb  ■■:  C  n ;  i .     ^"  o 

Presidents  of  :/  olutionarv  ■      ;  ;i-::ce 

and  an  Assoc;  ^     '    y;e  of  th  ■  :  r>ip:o- 

matic  c';  -  ■       .  r,w.,,i\..\\:.:'r  aUu   1         . rcr  ;  tUrer.  ..ren- 

eral  Oui.rrr--  ti;e  ivvvo' '.iri-j;^ .ivy  \  ^-v.- .  *  ''^[a]or-G<.~ ne^'al 
for  the       :y         -  j^.  .,v.:\  ;  j  ■  :        .         for  rhe  .umy 

of  loOo.     In  a^  :  L  ■  vote  of  the  State  in  [8oo 

might  ha\'e  ei  : '-ne  of  its  citizens  either  to  the  Presi- 
dency or  \'i,:c-:.':"e-;deacy.  W  ith  the  ex:--.'':v-)n  rtf  \^:r;^;iiia 
no  State  in  the  L'nion  has  obtained  <•      ..  -v  an 

equal  proportion  of  national  honors.  / 7i:s  :^<7s  ui  sunw  tic- 
gree  the  roHSc(7i/<.'-jr  .  t'  r,':^  , ^/^■•'^ /)y  file  earlier  Stttleys 
of  Carolina  to  t  :  .i:-:ir  cic-'drenl' 

And  yet  this  is  the  author  to  whoin  Mr.  McMa;,ter  'cfers 
as  his  authority  for  the  assertion  that  in  the  Sv^uthern  States 
education  was  almost  wholly  neg:iected.  bur  nc-where  to  such 
an  exten*:  as  in  Sourh  Carolina. 
7 


APPENDIX 


I  am  indebted  to  the  following  comnmnication  fr.Mii 
Gabriel  E.  Manigault,  M.  D.,  President  of  thi^  Carolina  Art 
Association,  for  a  list  of  the  painting's  of  the  masters  whicli 
were  to  be  found  in  tiie  Carolina  Iiomes  in  Colonial  times. 

E.  McC,  Jr. 


CHARLt;>  rON",  S.  C,  J  une   22,   1 883. 

Generat  Edi^ard  McCrady  : 

?-Jv  Dear  Sir — In  ccMP.pliarice  ^vith  \-r)ur  recinesr  I  iiave 
prepa^'ed  for  yovi  a  list  of  the  i.ond'Hi  .n'ti^r-;  w'w^  were  ^■.\-\~ 
b\'  \' ;.r;'Wi:-  pc.'s.'ri--  -^0:11  ■         in. 1.  wh^,'  were 

in  England  d  11  rin ;•.•>;  ';he  la^t  cer>tur\-  f^vr  eduo-it  i<'ir'.a;  and  itiier 
purposes,  to  paipt  chcir  p-'u-trai j.^.  fhis  list  contains  :he 
names  of  such  noted  painter-^  as  Allan  Ramsay.  /.■■.  '  r-.v. 
Sir  Joshua  Reynolds.  Benjamin  W'e^t,  Copley,  '  Kiin  -  -:h 
and  Gilbert  Stuart,  while  the  latter  was  !i\-in.-;  ;>!  .  ■  •  : 
and  they  are  a  striking  evidence  <">[  the  amon  '":  .  ■:  '  :;e 
attained  by  our  people  dunn<^.  the  Colonial  period,  arv  i  in 
the  years  immediately  following  the  Revolutic^n,  whe-i  the 
ehects  of  Eiv^iish  education  were  <till  perceptible  am  -ig 
the  well  to  do  cias.ses. 

It  is  needless  to  say  that  the  above  meiuion  ■  -■: 
those  ot  the  most  distinguished  English  paint,  •  :  .r. 
tc;i"  half  of  tiie  i'CigiU'eenth  Century,  and,  what  is  more  re- 
markable, is  that,  with  one  exception,  the  paintiiye  - 
selves  have  all  passed  unharmed  through  the  deve.-r  ,f. 
the  late  war.  and  are  more  than  ever  prized  b\"  their  pj-ve- 
eat  owners. 

I 


The  list  is  as  fol!o\vs ' 


Ai.LAN  RA^fSAV.  Cni-RT  Paixter,  Lonoov,  1715  — 1784. 

Ponrair  of  Mr.  P^^rer  A(anij:;auit,  a Ucrvvards  Sp:::aker 
of  the  Commons  House  of  .\sscmbly  of  South  Carolina. 
London.  1/51.  C>u-ned  by  the  heirs  of  the  late  C.  Mani- 
gault. 

2.  Portrait  of  Mr.  John  Deas.  London,  I754-  O'/.  ned 
b\-  Mr.  Henry  Deas  Lowndes.  C/narieston,  S.  C. 

ZOFFANV.   L'JNDON,  1733—1788. 

1.     Port;-  '     '  Vlr.  Ica' 
to  Tus:::    y  ;  -  • 
tai  Con:.- .  -  ■ 
Carolina.  Pai!^!.' 
the  heirs  of  liie  late  C. 

Sir  j         .v  R;a  \^^- .a-.  l.y '-■<■:;■:,- .  1723-— 1702. 

I.  Portrait  of  Mr.  Mil-s  Brevvton,  painted  in  Loador- 
shortiy  before  1776,  and  aa :a  Caari :;:ajn  by  the  r\;  ^aa;. 
of  the  late  W'm.  Bui!  Pringie. 

Be:s7amin-  West,  London,  1738  —  1820. 

I.    Portrait  of  Mr.  Arthur  Middleton  with  wife  and  da'-vr 
child.   Thi^  gentleman  w  as  afterwards  or-ie  c^f  tn.e  signer- 
Declaration  of  Independence.    Pa.irjted  in  London  b.- 
1773  and  1785.    Owned  by  Mrs.  J.  Franci.  Fisher,  of  : 

de!ph--a  -  a  -    '  n-.  L-ra-.'  a^'a 

J .     ,   •  ■  a  :  . ,  ...  .  _/a.  brother  oi  tiit 

abovea  ■       dv';-    ■     :    at  the  same  tiaua    O  ac^ 

by  Mr.  /-  A.. 

h-  •  ^  •a;.,.:  :  :  ...  •  a  :  -  .,  .acntioned.  Pa'atrt 
in  London  before  the  .i\ .  .  aa     Owned  b\'  IMr.  ^- 

Izard,  or  Virginia,  a  descendant. 


aaon,  me- 
arst  tW'^ 


RoMNf-:^.  L<>M)oy.  1734-  1802. 

I.  Portrait  of  Mrs.  Ro^er  Smith.  London,  1786.  Mrs. 
Smith  was  a  sister  of  John  Rutledge.  of  South  Carolina, 
commonly  known  as  Dictator  Riitledgt.'.  Owned  Airs. 
Frederick  A.  Porcher.  of  Charleston,  one  n\  her  descendants. 

'•jj.i\>Hi>Ki  >{:<.-.: I.  Lt^.\-D».'X,  1727 — 1788. 

I .  Portrait  of  ?vlrs.  Ralph'  izard.wife  of  the  above.  Painted 
before  the  Revohjtion.  Owned  by  Dr.  Robv  ;  (  W'-ats.  49 
West  36th  Street.  Ncv\-  York,  one  of  her  descv:iv.ia:.::3. 

C  •  L«.)\i;OX,  i-76--f8i5. 


Painted  in  Rome,  Uai\\  l ;■ " 

2.  and  3.     Portraits  of  Lord 
Royal  Gov-   ■  ^      -   --rC  ■  '  : 
Re\^Jlutio!l.  -  .  ■  j       .        .i  ^^^i.^,! 
Prin-le.  G.;  '       ,      ,  C. 

4,  ^  ixw.:  y  :  - 

Lamd}'  in  Cna,:'k:;-::  ■].  da:;u^;.i 
clarion.     0\\'ned  by  R.  F. 


,      '  .-ame  as  above. 

\  '  '  .lyri-t  were 
' .      ■ '  : ,   i  )!a*''v-:on  by 

_       -     w^re.  the  '  i-t 

.r:,r,A  by  Mr.  D.  L}-nch 

iJ^o.'.i'jii  uciv.ire  tUe  Kev- 
hlohnes. 


Gn.BERT  Stlart,  London. 

Portrj.it  of  Mr.  Gabriel  Manicrault.  Lotuion.  1779.  Own- 
ed  b>-   Mr^.  H.    H.   M^-dj-.uO.  and   O.:/      -    .r  :y  -i:;- 

Ncu  ^-or;-.. 

I'    ■     .d        M:i-,  ■  ■  •;  ■   ,d  the  :d^■.>^^:. 

L::-.  :        ::^>;.  ...Oc  H.  M.  Matu- 

i  here  v.  as  a  .seventh  ;  ■  b  •  opley — that  of  Henry 
Laurens,  President  of  inc  CoiiOncnia!  Congress.  Painted 


in  London  in  1782.  It  wa^  destroyed  b>-  tire  in  Cnarlest-m 
in  1S61.     It  was  owned  by  the  late  Jolm  Laur(M"is. 


I  have  been  careful  to  exclude  from  this  li^t  any  portrait? 
about  Avhich  tliere  seems  to  be  any  doubt,  and  consider 
those  enumerated  as  perfectly  aut'  •  1  will  add  that 
several  of  them  are  quite  large  paint.  _  :  of  distinguished 
merits,  especially  the  first  one  b\-  Copley  and  the  Rorniie}-. 

During  the  flourishing  perioi!  "  ;-iniature  painting,  at 
the  close  of  the  last  century  .  jmmencement  of  the 

present,  many  artists  in  tiiat  line  found  it  to  their  advanra^'e 
to  visit  Charleston  during  sever  • '  -    .  }"ears.  Notably 

among  these  was  Malbone,  of  .N.-...^u;  t.  iv.  1.,  without  ex- 
ception the  most  distinguished  of  tlie  American  minia- 
ture painters.  At  a  recent  ioa:.  portraits, 
as  well  as  t'-^^^'^  ^,  '  .•        'at'i::::  the 

month  of  A  ■ ,  .  ■ .  ,n 

as  to  bo  a  m  ■        ;  >  ,.;e 

considc'-    •  :  -:  {i 

by  tho-c'  M  ,    -  . 

I   am  glad  to  be  able  t  ■  \  .:{[    hi-^  u!rorina-^!;n  c.^'.:- 

cerning  tb'--  '     :    ■  '  '    '  -.'ie  \n  bv--gO!ie  y-i'---  J-;e 

evidence  it  :  •  ^^■h;Cil       t;vu.  diVr.  !  . 

were  ■  \  \  r.-  .  _  ,  Jtii  nv:  i;-;:-  ;_).  j-^  v--;r.:i  \\-r-aitii.  hiit 
sou:-'-  ■■  '.  ^         .-.  ■  -  ■  o,r 

rhr..i.^.     -  ■  <       ^ -1"  t  iiv.-r  i^s- i .  r  ^  .  , 

children. 

I  remain,  faithful!}',  yours. 

G.  E.  MAXIGAULI. 


1 


