



















Canachites canadensis 















C . . ... snsii 


Haiti El* gog). 


JUll ! — 


1OV■ >. 

Juno ;h . 


Gideon 
gion t oily j 
Grouse dram 


;om, on ;• early settlors of this ra* 


The i 


> hat ho has frequently soon tso Spruce 
Ho d escribes o. • e ner.f<> • nr.oo at? fol'lo' ‘s': 

ground vib ra*» 

sos incline o s ho *i»» 

fcwnt -i branch ton or t elm hd nbcVo ;-.round-, vhora 
it roots 1 ament and then re to rss to th ; ground on abbot, 
th ■■■■'■- :■ al In it s» '-’ho 

sound thus p/oducod is much like that of the uffed 
Grouse but lacks the t >r >1 ii .iiu.ry, riiscf-nnoc tod thuds , 
and Is -,11 ;unr shout or, non harm id, and not as loud, 

,. : ho s i it y ho ho surd a considerable di ,anc ii Still 
■wreath or. 

It fosnal : , ' t • • bnu l ’if dai iId 

Yforo brought to mo alive by <mo of ■■ V; guides who took 

- ■' 1 i ath. " i ' 5 iro 

|young in the brood. He snared the f -• alo in tl a suruai 
mann• >r vrith .. noosoof twine ath oboe' to the end of 
short ?olo, pa.eslug t a no-so or r h ■■■ h g. 


/ 






Two young birds, a mule 


i ■- w 


a, .hirst pi am go 


1 and about half 
brought ho no. 


aorrj.es, c >c >ra mu 


, aoro h 111 ■ ' V 1 vf Putin and 

7b. fv c a uvb p ras.f :-r j.os , : 1’ 

needles. 




■, fir bud?;, 


1. 7 


July 2Q 


bv arid 


Among, bn thickly growing young firs and a .rue os 
behind tnw rill, I came upon a .irood of yeung Spruce 
Grouse about as largo ns Quail. They rose t with a 
heavy ohirrirs. to l o Was <uf the lor 'irs whero they 
sat watching me, utboring on (.as Lon. " 1 a l<. - shit : I eg 
noise The noth v , a Is.-; .iiphggg o; , fir noa y 

. »sss 3 y g-g . .. j ck to her . . 

Apgr-ocb in • her ca u,.Lonely C -,e tun ■ 1;, got n. oar ' o gh 

r< 1 * ii *east i - zzle my ui pui • 

in h r <■ ff branch, v/hon she u . ra idly with a 

loud whirring to ; < ■> 1 or til tree b ,11.ov id ro to 

withdrawing a 
the young hi r’s 
. r '••.! i ght od 
itildes T not iced 


V/ 


Upon ) 


&pg’o,.ca quite a . »ar an n. 
fw yards she begun to call a in, 
answering she shot-fly after took in 
among ' thorn. In flight and go;->rnl 
no thing v ry fir" uv; t fruv : <n o? > t" o buffod 
|Th: ' looked / *g Ilk th©j of that bird 

:■ . 







































Canaciiites canadensis . 
Maine (Lake Umbagog). 


1874. 

■My 31. 


Cano upon the sn; - b 

s •• c o ; x. 

talked out along a suruco 
a turkey cock»s, calling 
- ? ■ r . 


rood soon on h-o unth, in the 

0- > O r young', the ] 1 ;ost, 
limb v/ith his tail erected like 
o on. iinuously in ? early the samo 


1; :v 1. 


. ) 


“ ;-4. 


28 


Canaco canad oasis, 


:-:.Lv 

inr 

) •(Lake 

limb a? 

.O'; 

). 










Shot a. 

fem&l 

!. r> 

, >h- 

ieh t 

'P- ; 

A.V d in a t. 

run) o 

o f 

1 

— 

b o 

•r; 

r Wuteho 

s in r 


or 

' ' 

Op' 

on pasture 

on the si 


of 

Up 

toi 

. i 11 , 

near 1 

! v 

on 

0 111 tl 1 d 

rod 

yards Aron 

i the 

sdg c 

. -, o 


J~ f 

ifil 


• s, 

which 

r • i 


a long 

dir 

if • uc in, 

wore 

■ >- 

v/ Ur 

ipos 

od 

ox 

ell 

isivoly 

|f* -v 

O l A < 

rd 


cods. 









Killed 

a vox 


ol 

no adu 

It 

■ale on the 

ro ad 

to 

t ho 



Sluice. 

While '•.railin' quietly aJuo u f o Tyl-rr Path Just 
beyond th > bog I huuv, t,o loot up .nd f • scovorod tiro 
you.ru- r : ruco C .so si t Mr..:' in a - ncl n of email larh 
directly over my head, or, ? ulth nock ou ts f ro to bod, the 
other squatted cl'-; a on the limb. They sat purfoe My 
mo t.ioul oss,' the hr statuosqu i%i** 

rhich - ■ After vmteh« 

ing then o, morion • I sho t one and missed Id ■-> of-' r ns it, 
n lr . d i rap filled wit 

noodles. 


Sop t. 4. || Leaving for Tyler ->ath to pick up hi -d that I had 

uuot i r. • -r - 0 - X;- upon an ol ; S u-'uco . • o so. 


As he 

coed on a little knoll 

X 5 : 

a cl 

urro 

O " bU: ck bOX' • * OS 

v/i til a 

s t:-*a. v - sunbeam lighting 

up 

his 

dar 

■ ■ '■ ■ ho ro- 

sonted 

--a bo utif j o.m- 

ran 

C h- B-Ti 

:d I 

1 o< hr e<] ■ uim 

soy r-al 

;. mor-ns.ts -of ro a-no 

tin 

• 

Hoi 

Douglass hill- 

ed 

h >r,, a fine nolo in fa 

11 

■ l|*r,a 

;a. 

ft 

A 

v --ry f ino ad sit main a 

hot 

on t 

00 

Tyler bath. 
























Canaciiites canadensis , 
Maine (Lake Umbagog). 


187 
•Pun.® 


. E» 

Ho • roso from tho 


I cane upon a Pino real 1 Spruce Grouse. 
path ■.••it;, .a faint flutter and nlirhVKi i?, a lov; aid or. 

I matched dim for sop; > time and noticed that the rod 
sp&e >t i Tory ©.$ ■ j that • 

his tail hinh with the r.dor covert str iking down beloa? 
: 7 a- 1 id .dal • turn os- his h-rv; •' >ry slo ;Iy and s i: radi 

ly —fiXfwijs i 


A f T -fL. *r i ,, ..., 

A o j, 011 g u i 1 X ?,* U1 1 

i fh on ho innodi at 
!,long a o pa,th s 

Tho next !’or-'*nt. 


a."- moved av toi tatic machinory. 
K ' to ,; -hc a ay to dr shontih;" -la" nee 
tools 6 in t3 ft r i 

' : a f 


»]CUlJl Od IT'- to / bushes and 
L/hor ■ allot dim. 


■'">r ■■' axis , however , ho 
if n d lov/ * 1 imb 


1870, 


In . tho woods immediately behind t] 
e ' ! f' !< / " ' 1 ' r 'ce • :*-n r .» sit tiro; erect near 7 

atm . 

ly out vlon:; Od limb and began to food. Plucking 
f u 1 s o f n ; ■: ; ci 1 o s v/ i 1 1 1 a i u i c J c, no r vo • ; s r-; o t ± or j . 


ace car 


>ra 


li 

t rm *f!:.:■• was Mam*' />•'-/oral 
of 1. >’ lot? in th 


dog on uolliclwev/alk St roar- 


Maine 

{Lake 

Umbagog 

) . 


— ; -_ N 









7 






Or 

car 

OSS who 

i S 


tStffsooa t 

dir- Grosso dr .n 



do 

?•* .. 
1 <\> 

sc rid 
rd dr 
ot, i 

x! it 
ore th 

.2 ..d . 

t as toil 
a ground 

it c ■)£,<«■ 

-■■a -c • 

■ > \ »L- » . 
>0'" 
onus 

pr 

The male 

height o 
oduces a 

H i s raright ’ 

iff] a;' 3 

rp- 

u.ty 

r> 'f *5 -»• 
v u. ;] 

v/ 

li 

ko il 

.0 C 

^' o r 

t of 

tJ" 

> Puffed 

-'Van Th.) 

fa to 


it 

e ha. 

Jits c 

*7 a ; 1S 

ro a; 


■r\ y* r\ 'P 0 

■ id to be larch 































Canachites c.canace . 


(n) 3920. 6 eggs. Upton, Maine, May 24, 1901, John E.Thayer, 

Incubation slight. Nest on ground on knoll under small fir 
balsam, discovered by Alva Coolidge. Presented to Ufa.Brewster 
by Col.Thayer, June II, 1901. 









Cahachitrs canadensis . 

L. Umbagog, Maine. 


/ «iW# /o ' ' 

i a^ro-^t f r CdL <4.<ZU 

Jifc,(Xc ^ * — (J^c-t^ uL, £ y j* jX^-^r ' I $ 1^* ' 


•n WTtt */x 3 - «Sr£p&..•»«*>. #*»: Ux.^jr m 

j—. m'2. i$% /juJffii ( 

., ' - , I 

’ £'ct\ /$ 7 >''•-y/%w/ 7 ' f-*»T/^jWS£ 1886 . 

] tco^ itk^hAi - ttzr, L7 ^ 


y Sept. 188 T« ^ ^ a / s /2 

JCtfiAjO £&***-ds*ss- /*7- ~£uv f-vtAS. S' / l £ / l£iZ" ^ &-*y Sy 

Sept. 

/<£ jo : f/'-te^'faUjU 


1886. 


I ScmW- m. c*^. 
I r I */oi-3- 


Jl£\. LLC C.Ol^ 
1889 




(sti \L^y^cj- Cas^^ . S a^CT”, Lake Umtagog, Maine. 1890. 


>' - 4* 1 
1889. 

L. Umbagog, Maine. 


o 


Gf 


"l &<JP- Although I saw no*# Spruce Grouse &xs&m» this autumn, they 
werec said to be very numerous in suitable places. Hr. Charles 
R . Sherman told me that he met with nearly double as many as 
last year , when they were more numerous than they had been for 
a number of years previously. He saw them repeatedly along the 
Tyler Road, and onone occasion tan? rnet with a flock of five com¬ 
posed of three hens and two cocks in perfect plumage. It would 
seem as if they were getting back to their former numbers in this 
region. 

Laks Umbag-ocf, Me. 
iSopt. & Oct, 1893. 

/K j 

fc/j t'rfai, ' ", 



























/l 




* ■*< . 


Lake Umbagofif, 

A- ^.n»>wty. Luaa L • tf: pi/<yAnj*L*sy /u^wA*. frf****r>4t*4 *JC 

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t\/• (*£** J^'T'' * ‘^s/vyr > A< ^ ^+ v *t 

v . _ _ . » "• 

VX*^>C ^ Xt ^SNC U X >- t . /?«><. •*■ 

»W. /yUT' * > — * «■«■ ^kUiCw^> *t ^ 

y*>~. yx+^JtZ ( £*- 

“tT (nvv, ($-^A (**, (r^Xl ^.— »t * - - -C ^7^ ^U<- 


Hv W**A| '«>UCj-t 
^Ar*^ ,<K^rr*W 6~^ C*^pC~ ^ wv - 


*n 








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v/w *AJl ^Vv» bw*/**^j \ /^byy.-<, H^yu<* 

(//■yv 




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Cana c h it e s c ana den sis. 



) 


Undescribed First Plumages, Brewster 


115. Tetrao canadensis. 

Downy stage : chick about a week old. General ground-color buff-yel¬ 
low. Central area of crown bright rufous, with a marginal lining of black. 
A spot of black on the forehead and on each lore, with three nearly con¬ 
fluent ones over the auriculars. Rump yellowish-rufous. Back and wings 
fulvous, the primaries, secondaries, wing-coverts, and scapulars barred 
with brownish-black. Under parts immaculate. From a specimen in my 
collection obtained with the female parent at Upton, Me., June, 1873. 

First plumage: female. Ground-color above bright reddish-brown, be¬ 
coming reddish-chestnut on the crown. The feathers are marked every¬ 
where with black blotches of angular outlines and irregular shapes. 
Upon the neck and rump they form transverse bars : they are broadest 
and most conspicuous on the scapulars, where they restrict the ground- 
color to a narrow central lining along the shaft of the feathers, and a few 
irregular outlying spots. Primaries and secondaries edged and tipped 
with pale fulvous. Tail crossed by eight distinct, continuous black bars. 
Auriculars spotted with dusky black. Throat and abroad superciliary line 
pale buff. (It should be stated that these parts are covered with what seems 
to be the still unchanged feathering of the chick.) Breast and sides bright 
rufous-orange, each feather with a pair of black spots on the outer webs. 
Upon the breast these spots are small and nearly round, but along the sides 
they become broader until about the anal region they form transverse 
bars. Central, abdominal, and anal regions immaculate buffy-white. 
From a specimen in my collection obtained at Upton, Me., July 28, 1874, 
Among the series of young males before me there are none in strictly first 
plumage. The moult begins early in August and proceeds very gradually, 
a few of the feathers dropping out at a time, as they are replaced by the 
more permanent fall plumage. The wing and tail feathers are invariably 
moulted; thus through the last half of August and nearly the whole of 
September the plumage presents a curiously patched appearance. In this 
condition the young male may be distinguished from the female by the 
black feathers which begin to appear in patches on the breast. The sexes 
are otherwise quite similar at this age. In both, the throat, cheeks, and 
sides of the neck are profusely but rather finely spotted with black upon 
a yellowish — in some examples ashy —white ground. This is unquestion¬ 
ably a remnant of the first plumage, which in the young female previously 
described had not replaced the down. The feathers upon the throat and 
crown are apparently the last to go, as they are not replaced in any of the 
specimens before me until the succeeding plumage is nearly complete. 
Both sexes acquire their full plumage during October, and by the latter 
part of that month, adults of either sex can only be distinguished with 
the greatest difficulty from birds of the year. 


BuU.N.O.0. 4, Jan., J879, p, 
















nrr.r r.r lie;s eanaLOIl£ LL£ . 

Lake Urabagog,Maine. 


-y 







/yt?,J-izrr t ■. * ^^ns-tL * gjjtd\Zy 7 > 


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Canachites canadensis canaoe. 


1888, 

September II. 


Lake Umbagog. 


The Sluice to G Pond . 


A mile above I took to the meadow, S.dragging the boat. 


* 



/ 


"Don" came to point in long grass. Five Spruce Grouce rose all j 
together with a grand rush and roar of wings. I killed with 1st 
missed with 2d barrel. Another bird rose and I dropped it. One 
bird wing broken. Got on log and chuckled. In green woods (spruce 
and fir) I shot three more, one on log over point, two in trees. 

One of latter uttered a warbling whistle. All young well grown. 

One mangled by wad. 

• • • • • 

1390, Lake Umbagog. 

September 28. 


Pearley Y/hite's son brought in two Spruce Grouse which 




he killed on the Mollidgewank road to-day. 


1896, 
May 19 


Lake Umbagog 


Watrous went to Mollidgewank with Mr.Sweat this morning 
to search for Spruce Partridge's nests. They found abundance of 


signs - dusting hollows, etc. - but saw no birds 


/A 








L. Umbagog ♦ Canace canadensis. 

1890. 

Sept.88. Pearley White's son shut two to-day on the path to Mollidgwauk 

and I bought them of him. They were together,he said, and he could 
find no others near them. One was an adult $ the other a young'male 
which had acquired nearly full plumage except on the head and neck. 

The $ had moulted recently and still had some jjin- feathers 
although the plumage was apparently perfect. 

The crop of the contained 51 berries of Viburnum nudum , 
some fragments of small mushrooms, and a few needles of the black 
spruce. The crop of the male had 13 _V, nudum berries, fragments 
of mushrooms, and a number of needles of the’.iarbh. The flesh of 
both birds was dark, tender, and wholly free from any smell of 
spruce. 

Aldana Brooks tells me that he found a nest last spring about 
June 1st. It was near the shore of Richardson Lake on low ground 
covered with black ash, birches, alders and a few larches. It was 
built-on the top of a low mound and contained nine (9) eggs. The 
ip was sitting and Brooks nearly stepped on her before she started. 
She fluttered off a few yards & then stopped & watched him. The 
nest was not near a log, rock or tree trunk as 
with the nest of the common Cartridge• 


is usually the case 











L. Umbagog 


Ganace canadensis 


1890 . 
Oct. 


Spruce Grouse are said to be more numreous even than they were 
last year. Mr. Sherman sees them almost every day. He and several 
of the other hunters refuse to shoot them. On one bccasion this 
autumn he very nearly caught an old cock in his hand. The bird was 
sitting on a low branch and allowed him to extend his fingers to 
within six inches of its foot when it flew to a higher branch. 

I saw a pair of young birds which v/ere shot on the Mollidgwauk 
burnt lands but most of those reported were seen in the favorite 
old haunt the swamp on the Tyler road. 










Canachites canadensis 


Lake Umbagog. 

1903 

June 14 Alva Coolidge tells me that he has seen at least four 

different hen Spruce Partridges this spring along the trail that 

leads from Upton to B.Pond. He has searched long and carefully for 

their nests but without success. It was on this trail that he and 

five 

John Thayer found the nest and eggs that the latter gave me two 

A 


years ago. 





Bonasa umbellustogata. 













Eonasa umbellus togata. 


L. Umbagog, Maine. 



May 30-June 10, 1871. 


<-t/C 

£ / 

iyxx^A~OA. o- • — ^AjC, /o 11 . Z-H !r> ./o, 

* - ' wn 

«£ *£?. 7»X- IS i r~lM )k ZLii //« 

A i^r 7-- /7*- f<j- / ArlsAiA ji } . n J . ijftt**- 4jfti 


Qm< 

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*ca .* 


7c. // /i, /J, b / 7, li 

isas. ^ 


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✓ /, « _ .■? /*" . „ Z. „ t i ~ r-x^, f— 


<fU 


1884. 

/<r XmEJL i iL r/f: 2jJtM-M 


1838. 


u~«H- 7-0~~1Z. / i’- 1 Sept. 1887 

t. „ ][ 

j?X 5 *i f:‘/y:iirrX 7 ^;-.^i' 


Sept. 

4 .*~ 0 ** 


JLak e Umbag og, Mama. 


'Z- 




I /frhr 






1.2-i. : -J 


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th Ux^ <-*■*/ ... Y"*%+LMy <k,/C 

'j-h*s\l' 4 ^^vW-(A>u 4 > £&- y ^trv. ^ 

: ‘/{yi~xAc r /'J *■■ i„x fitTsf <^-v 4 .'!.*“/■ ~e < {.V'i^.—< 

O-^ ^~f~£i£ fot '/i : - A 7 x ? 4 ^f**A+ixJL*>f, 

t ^ W*- d\, A txArA 


1 /vW 


v 


7^ 


f j 0 £~^ / t -t^C 





























Bonasa umbellus togata. 


L. Umbago g, Maine. 


~U~ 

(. Ji I 

{&rv>-<U+- ~ yjfc C' < 0 , // / ^ ' 373, 

A it i" §>\ 4 +Jj t S. t~g //*«% J ^vhA j w* ^ t fj . 

Waw: *f J L 7 *Uk^. /$ 


May 30-June 10,1871. 


-A" 


*7 


rp. 7iZ~\rr~;M 

iujjr 7~- /?\ /fi / J6> 1 - ‘T 2 . .ZfZ 

A //, A, A A / 7, u 


ip-AV* ««= 


1884. 

, ' l_ r / 4 

1885. • _ /: A_ /£ r C" A PSLjy'- Hint, 

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Bonosa umbo11a 


1C? i. 

Sent.io 


1C74, 


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1C74. 

C o p . s a * 


Maine (Lake Ginbagog ). 


Came upon a flock of six or- .hr banks of Go/ bridge 
Riv-r, They >ro so tnra; there C /. .ally killed chon : 11, 

r 1 ", ' . 


S tar : Ki f'ivo hroo ... . ? ;:nun ; : . .11 /.bout calf-:'roan. 
Toy wore all aery taa ■.. ' r ost c f t- a tool: to thb trees 
c/hoa star tod ami several ■ ado curious 1 error, i.-> i: rations, 
apparently <- " ayor a$ - y in. frusio: , raffling their 
foath rs, j orkin; their tails, and a: ala-: a -rhistling 
and arm; fir. . noise On - of' :t - old '-irds lay very 
cl>lj- before ny not tors mint, squatting on the taro 
turf in : yardi (®wl of him, 

Scot two large broo a or young o.a the Tyler Path* 

UIVUm 

sua-lly shy. One bra-oil of about a dozen rose from a 

bod of brakes in an opan clearing, going up ana after 
ano a.or. 

On the road to Bathe! our team passed under one 
siftin': on ay. > branch a. poplar over too road, and so 
rioa'c t T could at -oat r--aeh ■ or fiat . ny hand* 


A brood of your; 
the mother 


rough 


roc £ 1 . 


dust 


• ■. at. ;p . folio'ring 


All the .hunt >re h ire believe t : a t the male Ruf f >d 
Grouse frequently takes charge of a la* ood of young. 

Alva Go- I;, ago to-day e across saeh a family and ha is 
certain l a:, the par-act in o: urge ./as a. -To also 

thinks f is; birds regularly pair. That this is 

the case ath the S .ruce Grosso is unanimously a sorted 
hero .a (irds to* 

it /tu er in . e a, ring. 

• ' . r f- 

od t' :<> tr- so 'roe, jl r' ayaaa . > bank. They 

feed rmch or, the berries of this bush this ;.-;ason. 


A hunt'.'a They food on hire'; bids, poplar leaves, 

loaves a' Oralis . b ami :-s of h . . r..aa ops i ns and - mtain 
as f -, and gras. hop>p ors. 

- c t-ei point ett : 1 brood, of six among sore creeds 
aa'H- rod r 

oclae of 'to v/oods. 

























Bonasa umbellus tocata. 


. Lake Umbagog, New England. 

Nest /9 (2837), May 18, 1896, coll.wm.Brewster. Female 
seen on nest. Eggs fresh. Sargent farm (near Lakeside). ■ Found 
by W.Kay 15. I took 3 pho.May 17, 2 sitting bird, 8 ft.off. Nest 
edge alder thicket, bet.2 large roots of old stump^-k: small arb. 
v i t. &v i burnum lentaao overhanging & hiding it. Started bird, 
whirred and dragged body, trailing wings as if with young. 

Nest /Q (2842), May 21, 1896, coll.7to.Brewster. Female 
seen on nest at distance of 3. feet. Inc.5 or 6 days. Sargent farm 
(near Lakeside). Nest found May IG, bird on. Ex.next day when it 
held 9 eggs. Under remains of old brush fence on edge of open 
field, several yds.outside border of forest. (Cf.Journal May 17 
for further details ). 

Nest /il (2843), May 21, 1896, coll.Wm.Brewster. Female 
(very dark bird) seen on nest at 3 ft. Eggs, I per.fresh , 10 inc. 
Sweat farm (near Lakeside). Nest, head of Sweat Cove, within 30 
ft. of road, on edge of cover bordering pasture, at foot of yellow 
birch, in dead branches on mound, hidden above by dense young firs, 
etc., but could be seen several rods away. Male A drumming 100 yds. 
off. . 

Seven eggs (2844), May 21, 1896, coll.Wm.Brewster. Female 
seen on nest at distance of 8 ft. Eggs slightly inc. Brown farm 
(near Lakeside) May 14, 4 eggs; 16, 5; 17, 7. Female light reddish 
for togata . Nest on knoll wooded with 2d gr.poplars, firs, etc., 
130 yds. fr. road, 10 fr. field, under trunk small fallen poplar, 
in dead sticks, (cf.sys.notes); merely a few birch leaves & feath¬ 
ers in hollow. 















Bonasa ui.be llus tofiai 


MAIN'E, (L.. Umbagog.) 





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Bonasa umbellus togata. 


Lake Umbagog. 

1336, 

October 19. 

While listening heard a loud rustling and saw a mouse 
bustling about In the dry leaves. Shot at it and was searching 
in the leaves where it had been sitting, when another and louder 
rustling attracted my attention. The sound approached steadily 
and presently a very large fine grouse appeared, stalking grace- 
funs'- through the bushes, nodding his head at each step. After 
watching him a few moments I shot him. 


1889, 

September 25. 




Lake Umba-'-og. 

Near Bottle Brook 


I took it (a bird calling) for a Stick. Jim said it 

was a Partridge. He was doubtless right for on paddling to the 
spot I discovered a Grouse sitting on a log and shot it. At the 
report of the gun several others rose and alighted in the trees 
and bushes. 


1889. 


Lake Umbagog. 


September 29. 


Pine Point . 

Jim shot two Grouse near the camp and I a third which 


-f 


came within 15 yds. of our fire, but which I followed nearly 

him 

quarter of a mile back into the woods. Finally killed A over a 
steady point. He was squatting on a bed of green moss under large 
hemlocks. I saw his glistening eye first, then made out his. head 


and finally the whole bird. 











Bonasa. umbel lus- j 


Lake Umbagog, Blaine. 

1888. In 4;lie Notch (returning home) saw two Grouse, one a fine 

Oct.12. old "drummer" walked deliberately across the road his tail 
raised and spread like a fan, his ruffs twitching, shaking 
his head as if he were trying to dislocate his neck. When the 
horses were within ten feet of him he stopped and stood erect 
and still looking like a bunch of withered leaves. After we 
passed he began picking at some berries. 

















Mj 

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16' 


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Lake Umbagog, Maine. 




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(I) 


1889. ' 

M a i n e. 

I,. Umbagog, 

These Grouse were more numerous this autumn than I have 
known them to be for fifteen years. Their abundance is prob¬ 
ably explained by the fact that there was less than two feet 
of snow and no hard crust last winter, and remarkably dry 
weather during the early spring. Few were seen about the 
openings or wood-roads during the first half of September, 
but after the leaves.fell great numbers of them appeared a- 
round the edges of the openings, the shores of the lake and 
rivers and the wood- as well as on some of the travelled 

roads that pass through the woods. On.the carry road between 
the lakes, over one hundred were killed in three weeks. 



The hunters say that the Grouse come to the roads to 
bask in the sun and to get gravel, into the openings for the 
sake of the sun and to pick clover and so forth. They also 
are very fond of .buckwheat and often feed out into a buckwheat 
stubble for a distance of fifty yards from the edge of the 
woods. Oat stubbles do not similarly attract them. 


Gut few are seen during rainy or.very cloud 

'■ WJVv A/ 1 — * 1 

they remain m the shelter of the dense wood 


iptherxl&en 
best 

f v 

time to find them in the openings and roads is after a cold 
frosty night about nine or ten o'clock ip the forenoon when the 
sun is warm. The stiller and warmer the day, the tamer the 
birds. '.During cold, windy days they are sometimes so wild 
that it is. difficult to get within shot of them. 


They are in small flocks, rarely single, during September; 
but most of these flocks become broken and scattered during 
the first week of October, although a few keep together until 
the close of the month. 


Few wild birds are more absurdly tame, or rather stupid, 
than,these Grouse>guring warm, still weather. Upon seeing 
the hunter, t h e*. xrrran? 1 abt - y stretches up its neck and 

stands perfectly still, staring at him in stupid astonishment. 
It will ordinarily permit him to approach wuhin about ten 
yards without moving, and sometimes to wit hi" as many 

, feet, ^r^mally o«4 rg--7*g rre^T-^-n-otrgh• —fe-o alarmist, 

U"bobs its head slightly up and down, at the same time uttering 












1889 . 


Maine. 

L. Umbagog. 


(2: 


i &» 1 £-§~£? 


a noise closely resembling the snicker of the red squirrel.This 
indicates that it has at length become alarmed. It may then 
fly, but usually it starts off at a slow walk, continuing the 
snickering noise, shaking its head violently at each step and 
erecting it s crest, Sinless followed. L t seems to recover from 
its alarm after going a few yards and then pauses and stands 
erect again. If it flies it merely flutters up into the near¬ 
est bush or to the branch of a spruce or hemlock twenty or 
thirty feet above the ground. jXHH*., Sometimes it will drop 
back to the ground again after merely rising over a windfall 
or belt of bushes. In a tree th&< Grouse is very hard to dfeWv*. 
unless its flight has been previously marked to the spot. It 
stands rather erect, its feathers drawn in closely to its body, 
its neck stretched up to the full length, itserest 
til satisfied.that it has been discovered and when 
fly it remains absolutely motionless. Its colors 
so well with the* surrounding bark and branches and 
slender form is so unlike that of the plump bird which one 
expects to see that an untrained eye may easily pass over it 
without discovering it. On the ground, on dry leaves, or 
when sitting as it frequently does on an old log, it is even 
harder to make out; and were it not for its fatal habit of 
uttering the snickering noise and walking stupidly along in front 
of the hunter when closely pressed, it would be pretty sure 
to escape detection from all except the most experienced hun- 




raised. Un- 
about to 
harmonize 
its long, 


1 s. 


by the merest Tyro 


fully three fourths of the birds seen can be 

and old hands average nine 
On two occasions this autumn,I 
every bird in a flock of six without moving more than 
a few feet picking up the first bird until the last one 

was down. 


ters. As it 
easily bagged 
out of 
killed 


ten all shot sitting. 


which one feels perfectly 


however, a bird of 

flying a few yards and dropping 
windfall of thicket of bushes, 
to run, it goes with so 


.Sometimes, 

sure escapes by running after 
just out of sight-behind some 

for when a Grouse makes up its mind ^ v 

much speed that it is out of the question to try to overtake 
it. A bird that has been thoroughly alarmed often 
quarter of a mile or more before stopping. ■ It is 
takes a long swift flight like that 
I have occasionally seen an 
There was a 


1/ 


a Maine Grouse 
sachusetts bird, but 

strongly and as far. 


fly quite a? 


runs a 
seldom that 
of our Mas- 
indiyidual 
perceptible 










1889 . 


Maine. 

L. Umbagog. 


(bV 


fk 





difference in this respect between the birds found about the 
farming country at the lower end of the lake and those which 
inhabited the unbroken forest at the upper end of the lake, 
the latter being much the tamer. 


Many hunters believe there is a migration of these Grouse 
from the north late m the autumn, but I am inclined to think 
that / as a rule / the birds corao no further than from the mountain 
side and the tops of the high@w*t ridges. During the winter 
they are said to leave the swamps and lowland altogether and 
to resort to the high ground where the woods are composed of 
desiduous trees. Their food at this season is almost exclu¬ 
sively buds, chiefly those of the poplar and birch. Although 
m autumn they are generally distributed throughout all the 
wood region bordering the lake and its neighboring rivers, one 
is most apt to find them m woods composed of a mixture of ev¬ 
ergreens and hard wood. They haune especially the neighbor¬ 
hood. of old camps and wet places such as the borders of small 
brooks and springy spots in the woods, especially where moun¬ 
tain maples grow. Late in the afternoon, particularly about 
sun-set, they frequently come out of the woods along the ed¬ 
ges of meadows, attracted there by black alder bushes on the 
berries of which they freely feed. They are seldom seen m 
heavy, unmixed spruce timber, and almost never in larch or ar¬ 
bor vitae swamps such as are frequented by the Spruce Grouse. 



/ 


21 













1889, 

September 30. 


Bonasa umbellus togata. 


Lake Uinbagog. 


One in a logging camp. 

I got two on the way to the pond (B Pond), one of which 

log 

was sitting in a corner of an old A camp the roof of which had 
fallen in. 

• • • • • 

October 21. Lake Umbagog. 

mas-nv Cove . 

Hearing a Grouse chitter we landed and I at once^ saw a 
magnificent drummer strutting among the driftwood, his tail erect 
and spread like a- fan. Shot him when others began to chitter. and 
stalk along among the bushes, in less than five minutes I had 
killed six, all sitting, in six shots. They were all we could 
find. Pour were females, one a young male. I distinctly heard 
one of them utter a low coo -c oo-eoo-coo several times. 


October 25. 


Lake Jmbagog. 
Pine Point . 


Started back for camp at dusk. Just as we were leaving 
the landing a Grouse cane skimming across the river and plumped 
down into a cluster of yew. As I approached I could hear her 
rustling among the leaves, I went in but failed-to find her. Af¬ 
terwards Jin tried it and started her nearly under foot. Probably 
she had settled there for the night. 
















Bonasa n. togata, 


L. Umbagog . _ 

1890. 

Sept. Oct.- During this autumn Huffed Grouse have been very scarce 

except in two limiter areas. They have been unusually shy, in fact 
> nearly or quite as much so as they are in Massachusetts. These 

facts are partly explained by the further fact that they are nearly 
all ol them u Ld birds . Of fifteen dead birds which I examined 
personally only one ’fas of this years hatching and about this pro¬ 
portion was maintained among t ose killed by Mr. Sherman (about 40) 
and Mr. Dwinell (42). The Partridge hunters of the .region were 
bitteily disappointed for an unusually large number of breeding 
birds were left over from last year and broods of young were 
seen frequently during the summer. Poxes and Hawks were generally 

i 

charged with their destruction but Mr Sherman tells me that the 
first young bird he shot in early September had a ahlf a dozen or 
more wood ticks, fastened on its head and I believe that these in¬ 
sects were really’at the bottom of the matter. Near Erroll and 
about East B. Hill Partridges were in fully the usual numbers and 
owveral large flocks or broods of young were met with. 












1390, 

September 26. 


Bonasa umbellus to^ata. 


Lake Umbagog. 


In this place (Perrin's) . . . there were also several 
Grouse here two of them old males which drummed at frequent inter¬ 
vals. Two which we started were as wild as our Mass, birds. 

• • • , • • 

October IS. 

Night visitor. Lake Umbagog. 

Nearly an hour after dark - and it was very dark to¬ 
night - as the men were eating supper in front of their tent a 
Partridge suddenly rose from within the circle of light of their 
lantern not 15 yds. away. It flew a long distance back into the 
woods and we did not try to follow ft. 


1895, Lake Umbagog. 

September 20. Pine Point. 


Early in the afternoon I was sitting in the woods writing 
this journal when a Partridge stepped up on a rock within twelve 
feet (measured) of me and began"quitting M and staring at me with V 
curiosity and suspicion. After watching her for several moments 
I tried to retreat and get my camera, but she took alarm and run¬ 
ning a few yards flew off into some dense undergrowth. The men 
heard a drummer on the knoll a little later, but he was not on the 
old log and was probably not the bird that drummed there last year. 


30 











Eonasa UL.bellus togata. 


L. Umbasrog, Maine. 


Soft. S % . /3 ' u - lf __ Sc* 

jj. / ? *•■!.**. / 3 i /ar*. nK /r-"-iv®. 


/5<n 


^.3 l(o( 3 .* j Lake Umbagog, Maine. 1890. 


$rZ'. ^ ^‘lo "I _ 1 /fslpj/ X fcCj - 


Lake Umbagog, Me. 
3 ■> Oct. 1893. 

- / ■ 


Lake Umbagog, Me. 
Sspt. & Oct. 1393. 




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Bonasa u.togata. 

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Bonass umbellus t ogata. 


Lake Umbagog, Ivlaine. 


1394. 


The little spaniel (Hadji) found' and flushed two full- 
aept.5 grown Partridges behind the camp. One of them "treed" in a 
balsam perching on a horizontal branch about fifteen "above 

• /v 

the ground where it stood for a long time perfectly motionless 
with neck outstretched in about this attitude . After 

the dog left the place the Partridge began moving its head and 
f Oliting and presently it flew off through the trees. Accord¬ 
ing to our men there are at least seven Partridges on the 
Point, one pair of old birds and five young about as large as 
Pigeons. I have not yet seen these young. 


SR 











Bonasa' umbel Xus , to^ata . 


Lake Umbagog, Maine. 

1394. Our Partridge was back on his old log this morning and 

Sept.21. for about an hour (9 to 10 o'clock) he drummed at short inter¬ 
vals. 7/e all went up to see him and both C. and E.R.S. be¬ 
came at once convinced that the bird's wings did not strike 
his body but merely the air. He behaved precisely as he did 
last year and when drumming sat down on the same spot and 
faced the same way. 


n' 


1896. 
May 21. 


It is a remarkable fact that the Partridge nesting at the 

head of the Sweat Cove (near Wm.Sweat's) laid an egg to-day 

between 12 noon and 5 P.M. 7/hen I photographed 1 !^ the former 

/\ 

hour there were as my plate shows and as I made certain by 
several careful counts, but 10 eggs, but at 3 P.M. Watrous 
found 11 in the nest. Moreover when we blew them we found 
that one egg was perfedtly fresh while the other ten were all 
incubated some four or five days. 


39 





















Bonasa lx, togata . 


Lake Uinbagog, Maine. 

1394. Before starting this morning I exposed five plates on our 

ISept. 26. old drummer, from a blind which we have made just twenty five 

feet from the spot where the bird sits. He was evidently whol*- 
1y un aware of my presence until just after I had made the 
last exposure wheh he suddenly took alarm and ran off along 
the log, ,, quitting , . , I had a fine view of him through my peep 
hole but noticed nothing new. The fact that his tarsi, for 
their entire length, were pressed down on the log was evident-. 
Also it was clear that his wings did not strike his body-. 

Oct. 3. To my surprise our Partridge began drumming at about half 

past nine this morning. I heard him *|wice and then I went to 
the knoll where I found him in his usual place. He behaved 
rather oddly, stalking about a good deal, sitting down as if 
to drum, then after one or two flaps closing his wings and 
preening his feathers or turning around again. A large yellow 
leaf from a striped maple came whirling down and settled on 

i 

the log near him. He wlaked to the spot, looked at it, a mo¬ 
ment', picked it up in his bill and then cast it from him to 
, the ground with an impatient jerk of the head. Soon afterward 
' he left while I was absent for a moment. 










Lalce Umbagog, Maine. 


Nest. 


1SS6. 
May 17. 


Bonasa u. to^ata . 


We crossed the pastures to the west end of the Peasley 
White farra where Watrous showed me a Partridge's nest which 
he had found yesterday. It was in a very exposed place, quite 
outside even the outer line of wild cherry and other under¬ 
brush that formed the border of the woods in the side of a 
mound under a few dead sticks (the remains of an old brush 
fence ) in the full glare of the sun and actually in the field 
itself rather than in the edge of the woods. I took three 
photographs and started the bird while trying for a fourth at 
a distance of about 4 feet. She did not return although we 


waited an hour. 

















Lake Umbagog, Maine 


Tame. 


1897. 
Sept.10. 


Bonasa umbellus . 



Perhaps our most interesting camp visitor thus far was a 

hen Partridge which appeared yesterday early in the forenoon. 

% 

When I first saw it, it was standing erect and motionless not 
six feet from the front of my tent I It presently started off 
down the hillside and walking slowly disappeared among the 
undergrowth and fallen logs towards the Lake shore. Gilbert 
has heard a drummer twice beyond the knoll. 














Bonasa umbollus 


m 



Lake Umbagog, Maine. Making a snickering noise. 

1897. At 9 A.M. I started up Cambridge River with Jim. 

Sept.29. On the way up I kept my gun ready most of the time and bagged 
two birds, a Partridge which I shot on the ground among some 
alders and a Sheldrake which I killed as it rose from the wa¬ 
ter. xxThere were two Partridges together but the other 
bird escaped mg. It flew up into a balsam and alighted behind 
a big cluster of twigs and foliage which concealed it almost 
perfectly and through which I feared the shot would not pene¬ 
trate. At length it started to fly again when I fired at but 
missed it. These Partridges attracted my attention by making 
the snickering noise which is so very like that of the Red 
Squirrel that most of the guides confess their inability to 
distinguish with certainty between the two animals. 


1 


I 


I 













Bonasa umbellus t ogata. . 

Bethel, Maine. Hen Partridge with ycung. 

1903 

June 4 

In the woods below the Doctor's house we came upon a fe¬ 
male Partridge with young about as big as newly hatched chickens, 
seeing her in nearly the same place both yesterday and this after¬ 
noon. On the first occasion the chicks ran a few paces and then 

separated and'squatted as usual, but contrary to their usual cus- 

had 

tom they kept,up an incessant peeping after they A concealed them¬ 
selves. The mother crawled close about us whining like a puppy as 
long as we stood close to her young, but when we walked on a few 
paces (not over ten yards) she ran at once to the spot where the 
chicks were hidden and began calling them with the peculiar harsh 
crut , crut, crar- r-r-r cry. We thought they joined her but the 
ferns were so thick that we could see only the old bird. We did 
not see the chicks at all this afternoon nor did they peep. The 
her bird started out from a thicket on one side of the path and 
circled around us whining. She was a gray bird and looked like a 


typical togata . 






















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Ectopistes migratorjug . 























Ectoplstes nigratoria , 


It. U mbag-og-, Maine. 


May 30-June 10, 1871. f~ f e> 

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Ectopistes migratoria. 
Maine (Lake Urabagog). 


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Of 


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.1 flocks a.1 or- 

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o v.'or-'iod banks of 


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:’ll C‘1 . 


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L. Umbagog 


Ectopistes migratoria 


Mr, Perrin of Errol tells me that he saw a single Wild Pigeon 
the past summer in Errol the only one that he has heard of for the 
past five or six years. Twenty years ago they used to be abundant 
and forty years ago they had to be kept out of the buckwheat fields 
by boys who watched the grain from daylight until dark. In those 
old times he has seen flocks a mile or two in length. 


Ectopistes migratorius . 

1890, Lake Umbagog. 

3eptember 21. Lakeside . 


No one has seen any Wild Pigeons this year. 




















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