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I' 


JOINT  DOCUMENTS 


STATE  OF  MICHIGAN, 


I-OR.    THE    YEAH    1870. 


BY    AUTHORITY. 


LANSING: 

W.  a  OBORQE  ft  CO.,  FRINTEBS  TO  THE  STATE. 

1870. 


5^C>B(o 


CONTENTS 


1.  Annual  Eeport   of  the  State  Treasurer  for  the  year  1870. 
L  Annual  Report   of    the  Commissioner  of  the  State  Land 

Office  for  the  year  1870. 
3.  Report   of  the    Swamp  Land  State  Road    Commissioner 

for  the  years  1869  and  1870. 
-L  Record  of  Proceedings  of  the  Board  of   Control  of  the 

State  Swamp  Land  Roads,    from  January  1st,  1867,  to 

December  1st,  1870. 
5.  Third  Annual  Report  of  the  Secretary  of  State   relating 

to  the  Registry  and  Return  of   Births,  Marriages,   and 

Deaths,  for  the  year  1869. 
»J.  Finft  Annual  Report  of  the  Secretary  of    State  relating 

to  Insurance. 

7.  Annual  Report  of  the  Board  of  State   Auditors   for   the 

vear  1870. 

8.  Report    of    the    Special   Commissioners    to    examine  the 

Penal,  Reformatory,  and  Oharitahle  Institutions  of  the 
State  of  Michigan. 


JOIISrT  DOCUMENTS. 


AISTNUAL   REPORT 


STATE  TEEASTJEEK 


STATE   OF   MICHIGAN, 


FOR   THE    -TEiAR    ISTO. 


BY    AUTHORITY. 


LANSING: 

W.  S.  GEORGE  &  CO.,  PRINTERB  TO  THE  STATE 

1871. 


REPORT. 


STATE  OF  MICHIGAN, 

STATE  TREASURER'S    OFFICE, 

Lansing,  Nov.  30th,  1870. 

2o  ike  LegUlature  of  the  State  of  MieJiigan : 

Gentlemen — Agreeably  to  the  requirements  of  law,  I  here- 
witii  submit  the  Annual  Report  of  this  Department  for  the 
fiscal  year  ending  this  day. 

Balance  of  cash  in  the  treasury  Nov.  30, 1869,  was    $834,089  72 
The  receipts  during  the  fiscal  year  were 1,71 8,623  72 

$2,552,613  44 
The  payments  during  the  fiscal  year  were 2,094,305  47 

Lieaving  a  balance  in  the  treasury  of $458,307  97 

The  demands  upon  the  treasury  maturing  on  or  before  Janu- 
ary 2d,  1871,  are  as  follows : 

Semi-annual  interest  due  Jan.  1, 1871 $55,950  00 

Bonds  and  coupons  past  due  and  not  presented 45,308  74 

Balance  of  appropriations  for  1870 53,906  25 

Current  State  expenses  (estimated) 15,000  00 

Apportionment  to  counties  from  Canal  Fund 10,322  22 

Special  deposits— due  on  call 33,766  82 

University  interest,  due  Jan.  1, 1871 8,250  00 

University  aid,  due  Jan.  1,  1871 3,750  00 

Quartermaster  General,  for  bounties 5,000  00 

$231,254  03 


4  ANNUAL  REPORT  OF  THE 

The  amounts  applicable  by  law  to  the  Sinking  Fund  for  the 
reduction  of  the  State  Debt,  though  not  formally  credited 
thereto,  are  as  follows: 

Balance  of  amount  set  apart  July  1,  1870 $59,659  03 

(Acts  122, 1861 ;  134, 1863,  and  309,  1865.) 

Trust  Funds  received  since  July  1, 1870 51,582  36 

Canal  Fund 27,158  38 


$138,399  77 

There  now  stands  to  the  credit  of  the  Primary  School  Inter- 
est Fund  the  sum  of  $91,278  47,  which  amount,  together  with 
the  receipts  previous  to  May  1st,  1871,  will  at  that  time  be  due 
and  apportioned  and  paid  to  the  counties. 

There  has  been  received  during  the  year  from  the  United 
States,  as  five  per  cent  of  the  proceeds  of  the  sales  of  the  pub- 
lic lands  lying  within  this  State,  the  sum  of  $14,650  78,  which 
amount,  in  compliance  with  the  provisions  of  Joint  Resolution 
No.  12,  Laws  of  1869,  has  been  paid  to  Francis  B.  Gilbert, 
agent  and  trustee  of  William  Beard  and  others. 

There  has  also  been  received  from  the  United  States  the  sum 
of  $19,035  55  on  account  of  War  expenses  incurred  by  this 
State. 

In  order  to  meet  the  demands  of  the  department  of  the 
Quartermaster  General,  for  the  payment  of  bounties  due  to 
soldiers,  under  the  proidsions  of  Act  No.  85,  Laws  of  1865, 
$44,000  of  War  Bounty  Loan  Bonds  have  been  issued,  of  which 
amount  $29,C00  were  purchased  and  retired  for  the  Sinking 
Fund,  and  $15,000  purchased  as  an  investment  for  the  State 
Agricultural  College,  in  accordance  with  the  terms  of  the  grant 
made  by  the  United  States,  the  amount  invested  having  been 
realized  from  sales  of  Agricultural  College  Lands. 

In  accordance  with  the  provisions  of  Sec.  4,  Act  77,  laws  of 
1869,  requiring  Life  Insuranee  Companies  to  deposit  securities 
with  the  State  Treasurer  for  any  liability  to  policy-holders,  the 
Michigan  Mutual  Life   Insurance  Company  of  Detroit  has 


STATE  TREASURER.  5 

deposited  in  this  department  securities  to  the  amount  of  one  hun- 
dred thousand  dollars,  of  which  fifty-two  thousand  dollars  are 
in  bonds  of  the  United  States  and  of  this  State,  and  forty-eight 
thousand  dollars  in  first  mortgages  on  real  estate  worth 
double  that  amount. 

Every  eflfort  has  been  made  during  the  year  to  purchase  the 
interest-bearing  bonds  of  the  State ;  and  all  bonds  that  could  be 
obtained  at  par  have  been  and  purchased  canceled.  Only 
$80,000  have  been  procured,  leaving  a  balance  of  $87,000 
devoted  to  that  purpose  still  unexpended. 

SINKING    FUND. 

The  following  table  shows  the  condition  of  the  Sinking 
Fund,  the  sums  set  apart  during  the  fiscal  year  as  applicable 
thereto,  and  the  amounts  charged  to  the  fund : 

Balance  Nov.  30, 1869 $394,803  58 

One-eighth  mill  tax , 38,495  73 

War  expenses  refunded  by  United  States 19,035  55 

Trust  Funds  for  year  ending  July  1,  1870 109,564  57 

Surplus  of  Taxes  levied  for  interest 156,353  59 

Discount  on  Bonds  purchased 906  01 

$719,159  03 

DEBITS. 

War  Loan  Bonds  drawn  for  payment,  Jan.  1, 

1870 $551,500  00 

Renewal  Loan  Bonds  purchased 32,000  00 

Two  Million  Loan  Bonds  purchased 47,000  00 

War  Bounty  Loan  Bonds  purchased 44,000  00 

Balance 59,659  03 


$719,159  03 


Four  hun^dred  and  fifty-nine  thousand  dollars  of  the  Two 
Million  Loan  Bonds,  6's,  mature  Jan.  1, 1873.  From  the  esti- 
mate given  below  (which  is  made  upon  the  basis  of  receipts 


6  ANNUAL   REPORT  OF  THE 


* , 


for  the  last  seven  years),  it  will  l^e  seen  that  ample  provision  is 
made  for  the  payment  of  these  bonds  before  their  maturity, 
without  recourse  to  further  taxation  for  that  purpose. 

Balance  in  Sinking  Fund,  Nov.  30,  1870 $,59,059  03 

Receipts  from  Trust  Funds  from  July  1,  1870, 

toDec.  31, 1872. 384,004 

One-eighth  mill  tax,  1871 38,495  73 

One-eighth  mill  tax,  1872,  under  new  equaliza- 
tion— estimated 45,000 

*527,218  76 

STATE    DEBT. 

The  funded  and  fundable  debt  of  the  State  on  Nov.  30,  1866, 

was  as  follows : 

Interest- Bearing  Bonds. 

Sault  Canal  Bonds,  6's,  due  July  1,  1879 $100,000  00 

Renewal  Loan  Bonds,  6's,  due  July  1,  1878 216,000  00 

Two  Million  Loan  Bonds,  7's,  due  Jan.  1, 1868.  250,000  00 

"       6'8,        ''        1, 1873.  500,000  00 

"       6's,        -        1,  1878.  500,000  00 

6's,        '•        1, 1883.  750,000  00 

War  Bounty  Loan  Bonds,  7'8,  due  May  1, 1890.  463,000  00 

War  Loan  Bonds,rs,  due  Jan.  1,  1886 1,111,500  00 

Total  interest-bearing  debt $3,890,500  00 

Non-Interest' Bearitig  Bonds. 

Adjusted  Bonds  past  due,  not  pre- 
sented for  payment $4,000  00 

Full-paid  Five  Million  Loan  Bonds,  not 
presented  for  payment 1 2,000  00 

War  Loan  Bonds  drawn,  not  presented 
forpayment 1,100  00 

$125,000  unrecognized  Five  Million 

Loan  Bonds,  adjustable  at 72,321  25 

$89,421  25 

Total  bonded  debt,  Nov.  30, 1866 $3,979,921  25 


a  u  hi 


» 


*«  U  ii 


*•  t«  •» 


BTATB  TREASURER.  7 

The  bonds  issncd  since  Nov.  30th,  1866,  are  as  follows: 

War  Bounty  Loan  Bonds,  7's,  due  May  1, 1890, 
for  Quartermaster  General's  Department $84,000  00 

$4,063,921  25 

During  the  same  period  the  following  bonds  have  been  paid 
and  canceled : 

Interast-Bearing  Bonds. 

6anlt  Canal  Bonds,  6's,  due  July  1,  1879 $    17,000  00 

Renewal  Loan  Bonds,  6'8,  due  July  1, 1878 56,000  00 

Two  Million  Loan  Bonds,  7X  due  Jan.  1,  1868..      250,000  00 

6's,  "  1,  1873..  41,000  00 
6's,  -'  1,  1878- .  63,000  00 
6's,        "        1,  1883..       24,000  00 

War  Loan  Bonds,  7'8,  due  Jan.  1,  1886 1,109,600  00 

War  Bounty  Loan  Bonds,  7's,  due  May  1,  1890..       69,000  00 

$1,629,500  00 
yon- Inter eHt-Bearing  Bands. 

Adjusted  Bond,  past  due $1,000  00 

Full-paid  Five  Million  Loan    Bonds 

past  due 9,000  00 

War  Loan  Bond,  drawn  for  payment, 

1864 50  00 

$68,000  unrecognized    Five    Million 

Ix)an  Bonds,  adjusted  at 39,342  76 

$49,392  76 

Total  bonded  debt  paid  in  four  years $1,678,892  76 

PRESENT  BONDED   DEBT  OF  THE  STATE. 

Interest-Bearing  Bonds. 

8ault  Canal  Bonds,  6's,  due  July  1, 1879 $  83,000  00 

Renewal  Loan  Bonds,  6's,  due  July  1, 1878 160,000  00 


« 


u  ii  a 

u  k*  «< 


8  ANNUAL  REPORT  OF  THE 

Two  Million  Loan  Bonds,  0%  due  Jan.  1,  1873..  $459,000  00 

6's,  "  1,1878..  437,000  00 
6's,        *•        1,1883..     726,000  00 

War  Bounty  Loan  Bonds,  7'8,  due  May  1, 1890...    478,000  00 

Total  interest-bearing  bonds $3,343,000  OO 

ydn-Interest'Bearing  Bonds. 

Adjusted  Bonds,  past  due $3,000  00 

Full  paid  Five  Million  Loan  Bonds, 
pa«tdue ' - 3,000  00 

War  Loan  Bonds  drawn,  not  pre- 
sented      3,050  00 

$57,000    unrecognized    Five    Million 

Loan  Bond,  adjustable  at.        32,978  49 

$42,028  49 

Total  Bonded  Debt,  Nov.  30, 1870 $2,385,028  49 

Total  Bonded  Debt,  Nov.  30,  1866 $3,979,921  25 

"     Nov.  30, 1870 2,385,028  49 

Decrease  in  four  years $1,594,892  76 

Trust  Fund  Debt. 

The  Trust  Fund  Debt  of  the  State  is  composed  of  the  fol- 
lowing funds  and  amounts : 

Primary  School  Fund $1,714,071  12 

Five  per  cent  Primary  School  Fund 214,550  53 

University  Fund 316,937  33 

Normal  School  Fund 46,797  18 

Railroad  and  Light-house  Dejjosits 1,623  32 

Total - $2,293,979  48 

The  following  table  shows  the  entire  amount  of  Municipal 
Bonds  deposited  and  registered  in  this  office,  as  provided  by 
Act  45,  1869  (the  General  Railroad  Aid  Law) ;  also,  the  amount 


STATE  TREASURER,  9 

of  bonds  delivered  to  railroad  companies  as  required  by  said 
law: 

Nams  of  Compakt.  Amount. 

Michigan  Air  Line  Eailroad  Co $564,000  00 

Howell  and  Lansing  Railroad  Go 57,200  00 

Detroit,  Hillsdale  and  Indiana  Railroad  Co 266,000  00 

Allegan  and  Holland  Railroad  Co 31,000  00 

Port  Hnron  and  Lake  Michigan  Railroad  Co....  55,000  00 

Kalamazoo  and  South  Haven  Railroad  Co 224,300  00 

Fort  Wayne,  Jackson  and  Saginaw  Railroad  Co..  48,500  00 

Ionia  and  Lansing  Railroad  Co 25,000  00 

Chicago  and  Michigan  Lake  Shore  Railroad  Co..  332^00  00 

Elkhart  and  Lake  Michigan  Railroad  Co 126,000  00 

Port  Huron  and  Owosso  Railroad  Co 28,000  00 

Lansing,  St.  Johns  and  Mackinac  Railroad  Co.. .  214,302  30 

Paw  Paw  Valley  Raihroad  Co 155,000  00 

Jon^viUe,  Marshall  and  Grand  River  Railroad  Co..  281,603  50 

Michigan  Lake  Shore  Railroad  Co 92,000  00 

Owosso  and  Big  Rapids  Railroad  Co 123,875  00 

Toledo,  Ann  Arbor  and  Northern  Railroad  Co...  273,200  00 

East  Saginaw  and  Ann  Arbor  Railroad  Co 62,500  00 

Westphalia,  Hubbardston  and    Northern  Rail- 
road Co - 72,500  00 

Grand  Rapids  and  Lake  Shore  Railroad  Co 49,695  00 

Jackson,  Lansing  and  Saginaw  Railroad  Co 172,400  00 

Toledo,  Ypsilanti  and  Saginaw  Air  Line  Rail- 

roadCo 203,000  00 

Ionia  and  Stanton  Railroad  Co 40,000  00 

Detroit  and  Howell  Railroad  Co 300,000  00 

Michigan  Air  Line  Extension  Railroad  Co 28,800  00 

Fruitport  and  Lake  Shore  Railroad  Co 1 3,300  00 

Romeo  and  Almont  Railroad  Co 45,000  00 

Saginaw  and  St.  Clair  River  Railroad  Co , . .  150,000  00 

Peninsular  Railway  Co 50,000  00 

14,084,275  80 
2 


10  ANNUAL   REPORT  OF  THE 

The  bonds  comprised  in  the  following  list  have  been  deliv- 
ered to  the  State  Treasurer,  but  not  recorded,  and  no  receipt 
has  been  given  therefor,  for  the  reason  that  no  time  is  specified 
therein  when  they  shall  become  due, — their  maturity  depending 

ft 

upon  the  time  of  tlieir  delivery  by  the  State  Treasurer  to  the 
railroad  company. 

PENINSULAR    RAILWAY   CO. 
DATB.  TOWKHHIP.  C'orNTT.  Amoitht. 

1869. 

Sept.     1 Penn Cass *15,000  00 

Oct    13 Marcellus "    15,000  00 

"    *13 Climax Kalamazoo . . .  15,000  00 

Dec.   18...  Schoolcraft ''          ._.  20,000  00 

1870. 

Jan.   25 Ijagrange Cass 15,000  00 


$80,000  00 


MICHIGAN   AIR   LINE   RAILROAD  00. 
1870. 

March  1 Lagrange Cass.. $15,000  00 

BONDS   DELIVERED. 

Michigan  Air  Line  Kailroad  Co $25,000  00 

Detroit,  Hillsdale  and  Indiana  Kailroad  Co 50,000  00 

Kalamazoo  and  South  Haven  Railroad  Co 48,400  00 

Chicago  and  Michigan  Lake  Shore  Railroad  Co...  97,500  00 

Fort  Wayne,  Jackson  and  Saginaw  Railroad  Co...  48,500  00 

Port  Huron  and  Lake  Michigan  Railroad  Co 42,000  00 

Peninsular  Railway  Co 60,000  00 


$361,400  00 


The  following  tables  will  show  the  details  of  revenue  and 
expenditures  for  the  fiscal  year: 


STATE  TREASURER.  11 

RECEIPTS. 

Tax  Histories «  1,413  50 

State  Tax  Deeds 643  30 

State  Tax  Landssold 42,498  82 

Redemptions 4G,333  58 

Delinquent  Taxes 180,363  87 

1^271,253  16 

Primary  School,  Principal. ^105,900  86 

Interest 53,676  80 

Swamp  I^and,  Principal 323,873  35 

Interest 4,265  37 

CniTersity ,  Principal 3,412  20 

Interest 9,579  p8 

Agricnltural  College  Principal 5,895  00 

Interest 1,857  26 

Normal  School,  Principal 760  00 

Interest 1,717  35 

Asylum,  Principal 1,181  48 

'*       Interest 1,554  47 

State  Building,  Principal 568  50 

*'          **          Interest 418  03 

Salt  Spring,  Principal 927  95 

"        Interest 1,182  97 

.  Internal  Improvement 116  84 

516,888  31 

Primary  School  Bids *1,240  21 

Interest 119  81 

Swamp  Land  Bids 186  33 

"       Interest 4  72 

University  Bids 375  00 

Interest 7  83 

State  Building  Interest  Bids 3  93 

Salt  Spring  Bids 80  00 

2,017  83 

Taxes  on  part  paid  lands 5,843  38 

Fees,  Plats  4c.,  from  Land  Office 2,776  00 


12 


ANNUAL   REPORT  OF  THE 


Countiefr—tState  Tax  1869 $233,361  35 

Tax  Sales 137,625  90 

General  Account 81,404  11 

Taxes  and  Redemptions 32,024  46 

$484,415  82 

Specific  Taxes — Railroad  Companies  1212,308  05 

Insurance  Companies 81,046  54 

Mining  "  8,514  22 

Telegraph        -'  1,311  20 

Express  "  1,505  00 

304,685  01 

War  Bounty  Loan  Bonds  sold 64,000  00 

Tolls  on  Sault  Ste  Marie  Canal 25,304  47 

Interest  from  Depositories  on  surplus  funds 17,153  41 

Interest  on  past  due  Specific  Taxes 4,65G  87 

From  U.S.— War  Expenses  refunded.    $19,035  55 

5  per  cent  on  sales  of  Public  Lands      14,650  78 

33,686  33 

Trespass  on  Primary  School  Lands*^ 1,33 'J  40 

Discount  on  Two  Million  Loan  Bonds  purchased  906  01 

Sales  of  Michigan  Reports 988  23 

Agricultural  College — Interest  on  Investment...  874  95 

Peddlers'  Licenses 334  48 

Fees  from  Office  of  Secretary  of  State 292  01 

Interest  on  Mortgage — Reeder  Farm 210  00 

Escheated  Estates 180  00 

Fees  for  registering  R.  R.  Aid  Bonds 194  90 

Rents — State  property  in  Lansing 170  00 

Erroneous  award  of  Auditors  refunded 173  80 

Discounted  from  War  Bonds  for  Coupons  missing-  52  50 

Sales  of  Compiled  Laws 50  75 

Old  papers  sold .' 32  10 

Grass  on  Public  Squares 41  50 

Old  Books  sold  by  State  Librarian _ 2  50 

Michigan  Southern  Railroad  Deposit 1  00 

Overpaid  Redemption  refunded 100 

$1,718,523  72 


STATE  TEEASUBER.  13 

EXPEKDITIRE8. 

Canal  Loan $1,000  00 

Renewal  Loan.-. 32,000  00 

Two  Million  Lioan,  due  1873.. 10,000  00 

"    1878 13,000  00 

"    1883 24,000  00 

WarLoan 593,560  00 

■ $673,550  00 

ERRATUM. 

^1  ^:   '^\^  "^'^  ^""^^^  ^^^  ^-^^  -W"  sbould  rea. 
H4,000  00  instead  of  **  $64,000  00.''  «""uiu  reai 


irtffmi  *o 


f^ounttes. 

Primary  School  apportionment $179,483  IG 

Taxes  collected 124,031  12 

Canal  apportionment 3,695  82 

D..  D.  and  B.  Asylum 793  90 

Appropriation  ft, 
rniversitv — 

Interest $38,157  95 

Aid 18,849  58 

$57,007  53 

Befonn  School 36,626  95 

Asylum  for  Insane 19,600  00 

Institution  for  D.,  D.  and  B 68,500  00 

Agricultural  College — 

Interest $2,779  89 

Appropriation 25,000  00 

: 27,779  89 


308,004  00 


14                                     ANNUAL   REPORT  OF  TUB 

Normal  School — 

Interest $14,500  00 

Appropriation 5,000  00 

« 19,500  00 

Geological  Survey. . - 8,000  00 

Immigration  Commission 2,500  00 

State  Prison 700  00 

State  Library 150  00 

Social  Statistics 534  58 

$240,898  95 

Salaries 105,965  88 

Awards  of  Board  of  Auditors — 

Printing  and  Binding $39,033  66 

Paper  and  Stationery 11,054  80 

General  awards 10,366  67 

Sault  Ste.  Marie  Canal 3,181  94 

Swamp  Land  Road  Commission- 

er'soffice 1,585  62 

Insurance  on  State  Library 500  00 

Advertising  sale — 

Forfeited  Lands 487  70 

Swamp  Lands 299  60 


06,509  99 

Redemptions 58.150  50 

Quartermaster  General — 

Bounties $38,850  00 

Military 5,000  00 

43,850  00 

Expenses  of  Extra  Session. 11,269  80 

Agricultural  College — ^funds  invested 15,000  00 

Beard  Claim.. 14,650  78 

Advertising  Tax  Sales... 14,784  40 

War  Bounty  Bonds  for  Sinking  Fund 29,000  00 

Expenses  of  Supreme  and  Circuit  Courts 1,820  37 

Teachers' Institutes 1,800  00 

Soldiers' Aid  Fund 1,500  00 


STATE  TREASURER.  15 

County  Treasurers  for  conducting  Tax  Sales $5,114  39 

Expenses  of  Sales 2,108  71 

Land  Office — ^bids  and  interest  refunded 1,815  69 

**       •'         principal  and  interest  refunded. ..  499  71 

Michigan  Reports 1,008  90 

Coroners' fees _ .-..  1,165  28 

Wolf  Bounties 232  00 

Saperviaors,  assessing  improvements  on  forfeited 

lands 706  25 

Commissioners  of  Penal  Institutions 618  50 

Inspectors  of  State  Prison 954  60 

Trustees  of  Asylums -      385  00 

Michi^n  Central  Railroad  deposits .._ 462  50 

Insurance  Co.  tax  overpaid — refunded 74  2^ 

TaxSales                     "               "         6  81 

TaxHistories                              "         6  28 

Old  Geological  Survey 80  91 

Indexing  Laws  and  Journals,  session  of  1870. . .  200  00 

Swamp  Land  Warrants 314,423  53 

Total $2,094,305  47 


Very  respectfully, 

E.  0.  GROSVENOR, 

State  Treasurer. 


16  ANNUAL  REPOBT  OF  THE 


Treasurer  of  the  State  of  Michigan  in  Account  with  the  State 

of  Michigan. 

1870.  DEBIT. 

Not.  30.  To  balance  Nov.  30th,  1869 $834,089  72 

Beceipts  on  account  of: 

General  Fund 790,279  33 

Primary  School  Fund 106,080  86 

Primary  School  Interest  Fund 55,435  70 

Swamp  Land  Fund 323,873  35 

Swamp  Land  Interest  Fund 4,265  37 

University  Fund 3,412  20 

University  Interest  Fund 9,579  88 

Normal  School  Fund 760  00 

Normal  School  Interest  Fund 1,717  35 

Asylum  Fund 2,735  95 

State  Building  Fund 986  53 

Agricultural  College  Fund 5,895  00 

Agricultural  College  Interest  Fund  2,732  21 

Internal  Improvement  Fund 14,767  62 

War  Fund 44,052  50 

Two  Million  Loan  Sinking  Fund..  19,941  56 

Sault  Ste.  Marie  Canal  Fund 25,304  47 

Michigan  Southern  R.  R.  Deposits  1  00 

SpecificTaxes 304,685  01 

Primary  School  Deposits 1,240  21 

Primary  School  Interest  Deposits.  119  81 

Swamp  Land  Deposits 186  33 

Swamp  Land  Interest  Deposits. . .  4  72 

University  Deposits 375  00 

University  Interest  Deposits 7  83 

State  Building  Interest  Deposits ..  3  93 

Salt  Spring  Deposits 80  00 

$2,552,613  44 


STATE  TREA8UBBR.  17 


Treasurer  of  the  State  of  Michigan  in  Account  with  the  State 

of  Michigan. 

1870.  CBEDIT. 

Not.  30.  By  warrants  i)aid  on  account  of: 

General  Fund $577,865  99 

Primary  School  Fund 200  00 

Primary  School  Interest  Fund 180,357  59 

Swamp  Land  Fund 319,933  69 

Swamp  Land  Interest  Fund 201  25 

University  Interest  Fund 38,213  10 

Normal  School  Interest  Fund 14,524  75 

Asylum  Fund 88,155  80 

State  Building  Fund 4  90 

Agricultural  College  Fund 15,000  00 

Agricultural  College  Interest  Fund  2,791  17 

Internal  Improvement  Fund 14,650  78 

War  Fund 100,887  45 

War  Loan  Sinking  Fund 593,550  00 

Two  Million  Loan  Sinking  Fund. .  108,000  00 

Sault  Ste  Marie  Canal  Fund 10,671  94 

Military  Fund : 6,595  00 

Michigan  Central  Railroad  Deposits  462  50 

Specific  Taxes 74  29 

University  Aid  Fund 18,849  58 

Soldiers' Aid  Fund 1,500  00 

Primary  School  Deposits 1,577  75 

Primary  School  Interest  Deposits..  120  19 

Swamp  Land  Deposits 60  00 

Swamp  Land  Interest  Deposits 3  82 

State  Building  Deposits 50  00 

State  Building  Interest  Deposits. . .  3  93 

Balance 458,307  97 

$2,552,613  44 
3 


18  ANNUAL   REPORT  OF  THB 


Ledger  Balances, 

DEBIT. 

1870. 

Not.  30.  Cash $458,307  97 

Internal  Improvement  Fund 2,430,697  07 

War  Loan  Sinking  Fund 973,337  17 

Two  Million  Loan  Sinking  Fund 49,530  85 

Suspense  Account 33,001  31 


^ 


ft 


$3,944,774  3? 


STATE  TBBASrBER.  19 


Ledger  Balances. 

CREDIT. 

1870. 

Nov. 30.  General  Fund ....$1,104,140  20 

Primary  School  Fund 1,714,071  12 

Primary  School  Interest  Fund 91,278  47 

Primary  School  Five  per  cent  Fund...  214,550  53 

Swamp  Land  Fund 139,042  18 

Swamp  Land  Interest  Fund 114,122  74 

University  Fund 316,937  33 

University  Interest  Fund 1,120  23 

Normal  School  Fund 46,797  18 

Normal  School  Interest  Fund 13,007  40 

Asylum  Fund 73,920  07 

State  Building  Fund 28,642  36 

Agricultural  College  Fund 5,060  00 

War  Fund 8,927  14 

Sault  Ste.  Marie  Canal  Fund 39,970  60 

Military  Fund 25,708  40 

Treasury  Notes 730  00 

Michigan  Central  Railroad  Deposits 1,397  02 

Michigan  Southern  Railroad  Deposits..  147  72 

St,  Joseph  Valley  Railroad  Deposits 55  00 

Oakland  and  Ottawa  Railroad  Deposits.  8  58 

Light  House  Deposit 15  00 

Primary  School  Deposits 723  71 

Primary  School  Interest  Deposits 1  33 

Swamp  Land  Deposits 186  33 

Swamp  Land  Interest  Deposits 90 

University  Deposits 375  00 

University  Interest  Deposits 7  83 

Salt  Spring  Deposits 80  00 

$3,944,774  31 


20  ANNUAL  RBPOBT  OF  THE 


General  Fund. 

DEBIT. 

1870. 

Nov.  30.  To  warrants  paid  during  fiscal  year $577,865  99 

•'  am't  trans-  to  University  Aid  Fund  15,000  00 

Military                 "  33,803  40 

"       TwoMiLL'nSk.   "  194,849  32 

"       Nort  Sch'l  In't      "  10,000  00 

*•       Asylum                  "  49,500  00 

"  balance 1,104,140  20 


((  4* 

ii  U 


$1,985,158  91 


Primary  School  Fund. 

DEBIT. 

1870. 

Nov.  30.  To  warrants  paid  during  fiscal  year $200  00 

balance 1,714,071  12 


a 


$1,714,271  12 


Primary  School  Interest  Fund. 

DEBIT. 

1870. 

Nov.  30.  To  wai'rants  paid  during  fiscal  year $180,357  59 

balance 91,278  47 

$271,636  06 


a 


STATB  TBIASURER.  31 


General  Fund, 

CBEDIT. 

1870, 

Nov.  30.  By  balance  Nov.  30th,  1869 $1,097,236  98 

"    cash  received  during  fiscal  year. ...-      790,279  33 
"    am't  transferred  from  Canal  Fund..         4,067  72 

"         "       Specific  Taxes       93,574  88 


a 


$1,985,158  91 


Primary  School  Fund. 

CREDIT. 

1870. 

Xov.  30.  By  balance  Nov.  30th,  1869 $1,608,190  26 

"    cash  received  during  fiscal  year 106,080  86 


$1,714,271  12 


Primary  School  Interest  Fund. 

CREDIT. 

1870. 

Nov.  30.  By  balance  Nov.  30th,  1869 $90,187  02 

"   cash  received  during  fiscal  year 55,435  70 

"   am't  transferred  from  Specific  Taxes  126,013  34 

$271,636  06 


'Z'Z  ANNUAL  REPORT  OF  THE 


Five  Per  (*ent  Primary  School  Fund. 

DEBIT. 

1870. 
Nov.  30.  To  Balance $214,550  53 


$214,550  53 


Swamp  Land  Fund. 

DEBJT. 

1870. 
Nov.  30.  To  land  war'ts  paid  during  fiscal  year. .    $314,423  53 
"   cash      "        "        "  " 

refunding  and  expenses 384  90 

To  cash  warrants  paid  during  fiscal  year, 
salaries  and  expenses  of  Swamp  Land 

State  Road  OflSce 5,125  26 

To  am't  trans,  to  5  %  Prim.  Schl  Fd. .         4,539  46 
'<  balance.-   139,042  18 

$463,515  33 


Swamp  Land  Interest  Fund, 

DEBIT. 

1870. 

Nov.  30.  To  warrants  paid  during  fiscal  year $201  25 

''  balance 114,122  74 

$114,323  99 


STATE  TREASURER.  23 


Five  Per  Cent  Primary  School  Fund. 

CREDIT. 

1870. 

Nov.  30.  By  balance  Nov.  30, 1869 $210,011  07 

"  am't  trans,  from  Swamp  Land  Fund-         4,539  46 


$214,550  53 


Swamp  Land  Fund. 

CREDIT. 

1870. 

Nov.  30.  By  balance  Nov.  30,  1869 $139,641  98 

"  land  warrants  received  during  fiscal 

year  in  payment  for  land 314,423  53 

By  dwh  received  during  fiscal  year 9,449  82 


$463,515  33 


Swamp  Land  Interest  Fund. 

CREDIT. 

1870. 

Nov.  30.  By  balance  Nov.  30, 1869 $1 10,058  62 

"  cash  received  during  fiscal  year 4,265  37 

$114,323  99 


24  ANNUAL  BBPOBT  OF  THE 


University  Fund. 

DEBIT. 

1870. 
Not.  30.  To  balance MiejOS?  33 

•316,937  33 
University  Interest  Fund. 

DEBIT. 

1870. 
Nov.  30.  To  warrants  paid  during  fiscal  year...      $38,213  10 
"  balance 1,120  23 

•39,333  33 
Xonnal  School  Fund, 

DEBIT. 

1870. 
Nov.  30.  To  balance •46,707  18 

•46,797  18 
Xormal  School  Interest  Fund. 

DEBIT. 

1870. 

Nov.  30.  To  wan-ants  paid  during  fiscal  year ^14,524  75 

''    balance 13,007  40 


•27,532  15 


STATE  TBEASUBER.        ^  25 


University  Fund. 

CBEDIT. 

1870. 

Nov.  30.  By  balance  Nov.  30, 1869 $313,625  13 

cash  received  during  fiscal  year 3,412  20 


u 


»316,937  33 
University  Interest  Fund. 

CREDIT. 

1870. 

Nov.  30.  By  balance  Nov.  30, 1869 $742  26 

cash  received  during  fiscal  year 9,670  88 

am't  transferred  from  Specific  Taxes  29,011  19 


$39,333  33 
Normal  School  Fund, 

CREDIT. 

1870. 

Nov.  30.  By  balance  Nov.  30, 1869 $46,037  18 

"   cash  received  during  fiscal  year 760  00 


$46,797  18 
Normal  School  Interest  Fund. 

CREDIT. 

1870. 

Nov.  30.  By  balance  Nov.  30, 1869 $13,041  37 

"   cash  received  during  fiscal  year 1,717  35 

*'   am't  transferred  from  General  Fund  10,000  00 

"       "           "            "     Specific  Taxes  2,773  43 

$27,532  15 


26  ANNUAL  REPORT  OF  THE 


Asylum  Fund* 

DEBIT. 

1870. 

Nov.  30.  To  warrants  paid  during  fiscal  year $88,155  80 

"  balance 73,920  07 

$162,075  87 


State  Building  Fund. 

^  DEBIT. 

1870. 

Nov.  30.  To  warrants  paid  during  fiscal  year $4  90 

"  balance 28,642  3S 

$28,647  26 
Agricultural  College  Fund. 

DEBIT. 

1870. 

Nov.  30.  To  warmnt  paid  during  fiscal  year $15,000  OO 

"  balance 5,060  OO 

$20,060  OO 
Agricultural  College  Interest  Fund. 

DEBIT. 

1870. 
Nov.  30.  To  warrants  paid  during  fiscal  year $2,791  17 

$2,791  17 


STATE  TBBA8URBR.  27 


Asylum  Fund. 

CBEDIT. 

1870. 

Not,  30.  By  balance  Nov.  30, 1869 $109,839  92 

"   cash  received  during  fiscal  year 2,735  95 

**   am't  trans,  from  General  Fund 49,500  00 


$162,075  87 
Staie  Building  Fund. 

CREDIT. 

1870.' 

Nov.  30.  By  balance  Nov.  30, 1869 $27,660  73 

'*  cash  received  during  fiscal  year 986  53 


$28,647  26 


Agricultural  College  Fund. 

CREDIT. 

1870. 

Nov.  30.  By  balance  Nov.  30, 1869 $14,165  00 

"  cash  received  during  fiscal  year 5,895  00 

$20,060  00 
Agricultural  College  Interest  Fund. 

CREDIT. 

1870. 

Nov.  30.  By  balance  Nov.  30, 1869 $58  96 

"  cash  received  during  fiscal  year 2,732  21 

•2,791  17 


28  AXKUAL  REPORT  OF  THE 


War  Fund. 

DEBIT. 

1870. 

Nov.  30.  To  waiTants  paid  during  fiscal  year ^100,887  45 

"  balance 8,927  14 


»1 09,814  59 
Internal  Improvement  Fund. 

DEBIT. 

1870. 

Not.  30.  To  balance  Nov.  30, 1869 $2,430,713  91 

"    warrants  paid  during  fiscal  year. . .       14,650  78 

$2,445,364  69 
War  Loan  Sinking  Fund, 

DEBIT. 

1870. 

Nov.  30.  To  balance  Nov.  30, 1869 $379,787  17 

"  warrants  paid  during  fiscal  year 593,550  00 


$973,337  17 
Two  Million  Loan  Sinking  Fund, 

DEBIT. 

1870. 

Nov.  30.  To  balance  Nov.  30, 1869 $156,321  73 

warrants  paid  during  fiscal  year 108,000  00 

$264,321  73 


a 


STATE  TBBASUREB.  29 


War  Fund. 

CBEDIT. 

1870. 

Nov.  30.  By  balance  Nov.  30, 1869 $12,524  21 

"   cash  received  during  fiscal  year 44,052  50 

*'   amount  trans,  from  Specific  Taxes..  53,237  88 


$109,814  50 
Internal  Improvement  Fund. 

CREDIT. 

1870. 

Nov.  30.  By  cash  received  during  fiscal  year $14,767  62 

"  balance 2,430,597  07 


$2,445,364  69 


War  Loan  Sinking  Fund. 

CREDIT. 

1870. 
Nov.30.  By  balance $973,337  17 


$973,337  17 


Two  Million  Loan  Sinking  Fund. 

CREDIT. 

1870. 

Nov.  30.  By  cash  received  during  fiscal  year $19,941  56 

"  amount  trans,  from  General  Fund..  194,849  32 

**  balance 49,530  85 

$264,321  73 


30  ANNUAL  REPORT  OF  THE 


Ste,  Marie  Ship  Canal  Fund. 

DEBIT. 

1870. 

Nov.  30.  To  warrants  paid  during  fiscal  yeai' $10,671  94 

"  am't  transferred  to  General  Fund 4,067  72 

"  balance 39,970  60 


$54,710  26 


Military  Fund. 

DEBIT. 

1870. 

Nov.  30.  To  warrants  paid  during  fiscal  year $6,595  00 

"  am't  transferred  to  Soldiers'  Aid  Fund  1,500  00 

"  balance 25,708  40 


$33,803  40 


Suspense  Account, 

DEBIT. 


1870. 
Nov.  30.  To  balance  Nov.  30,  1869 $33,001  31 


$33,001  31 
Treasury   Notes, 

DEBIT. 

1870. 
Nov.  30.  To  balance $730  00 

$730,00 


STATE  TREASURER.  31 


Sie,  Marie  Ship  Canal  Fund. 

CREDIT. 

1870. 

Not.  30-  By  balance  Nov.  30,  1869 *29,405  70 

"   cash  received  during  fiscal  year 25,304  47 


$54,710  2G 


Military  Fund. 

CREDIT. 

1870. 
Nov.  30.  Bv  am't  transferred  from  General  Fund..  $33,803  40 


$33,803  40 


Suspense  Account. 

CREDIT. 


1870. 
Nov.  30.  By  balance $33,001  31 


$33,001  31 
Treasury  ^otes, 

CREDIT. 

1870. 
Nov.  30.  Bv  balance  Nov.  30,  1869 $730  00 

$730  00 


32  ANNUAL  REPORT   OF  THE 


Michigan  Central  Railroad  Deposits. 

DEBIT. 

1870. 

Not.  30.  To  warrants  paid  during  fiscal  year 1462  50 

**  balance 1,397  02 

$1,859  52 
Michigan  Southern  Railroad  Deposits, 

DEBIT. 

1870. 
Nov.30.  Tobalance $147  72 

$147  72 


St.  Joseph  Valley  Railroad  Deposits. 

DEBIT. 

1870. 
Nov.30.  To  balance $55  00 

$55  00 
Oakhnd  and  Ottawa  Railroad  Deposits. 

DEBIT. 

1870. 
NoY.v30.  Tobalance $8  58 

$8  58 


STATE  TBEA8UBEB.  33 


Michigan  Central  Railroad  Deposits. 

CBEDIT. 

1870. 
Not.  30.  By  balance  Nov.  30, 1869 $1,859  62 

»1,859  52 

Michigan  Southern  Railroad  Deposits, 

CREDIT. 

1870. 

Nov.  30.  By  balance  Nov.  30, 1869 $146  72 

"  cash  received  daring  fiscal  year 1  00 

♦147  72 


St.  Joseph  Valley  Railroad  Deposits. 

CBEDIT. 

1870. 
NoT.30.  By  balance  Nov.  30, 1869 $55  00 

$55  00 


Oakland  and  Ottawa  Railroad  Deposits. 

CBEDIT. 

1870. 
Nov.30.  By  balance  Nov.  30, 1869 $8  58 

$8  58 

•»— i^^^— — — ^i— ^»i* 

5 


84  AliTHnAL  REPORT  OF  THE 


Lighthouse  Deposit. 

DEBIT. 

1870. 
Not.  30.  To  balance #15  00 


»16  00 


Specific  Taxes. 

DEBIT. 

1870. 

Not.  30.  To  warrant  paid  during  fiscal  year $74  29 

«  am't  trans,  to  University  Int  Fund  29,011  19 

Primary  Sch.  ''       "     126,013  34 

Normal      «    ^       "  2,773  43 

War                         ''  53,237  88 

«      «       «          General                    *'  93,574  88 


$304,685  01 


Dkiversity  Aid  Fund. 

DEBIT. 

1870. 

Not.  30.  To  warrants  paid  during  fiscal  year $18,849  68 

«  balance 3,750  00 

$22,599  58 


8TATB>  TBEASUBBB.  85 


Lighthouse  Deposit. 

CRBDIT. 

1870. 
Not.  30.  By  balance  Not.  30,  1869 tl5  00 


»15  00 


Specific  Taxes. 

CBBDIT. 

1870. 
Not.  30.  By  cash  receiyed  during  fiscal  year 1304,685  01 


»304,685  01 


University  Aid  Fund. 

CREDIT. 

1870. 

NoT.30.     By  balance  Nov.  30, 1869 #7,599  58 

"  amH  transferred  from  General  Fund. .   15,000  00 

122,599  58 


36  AKKUAL  BBPOBT  OF  THE 


Soldiers^  Aid  Fund. 

DEBIT. 

1870. 
Nov.  30.  To  warrant  paid  daring  fiscal  year tl,500  00 


\ 


$1,500  00 


Primary  School  Deposits. 

DEBIT. 

1870. 

Nov.  30.  To  warrants  paid  daring  fiscal  year $1,577  75 

"  balance 723  71 

$2,301  46 


Primary  School  Interest  Deposits. 

DEBIT. 

1870. 

Nov.  30.  To  warrants  paid  daring  fiscal  year $120  19" 

«  balance 133 

$121  52 


Swamp  Land  Deposits. 

DEBIT. 

1870. 

Nov.  30.  To  warrants  paid  daring  fiscal  year $60  00 

"  balance 186  33 

$246  3» 


STATE  TBBASUREB.  37 


Soldiers^  Aid  Fund. 

CREDIT. 

187a 
Hot.  30.  By  amount  trana  from  Military  Fund $1,500  00 


$1,500  00 


Primary  School  Deposits. 

CREDIT. 

1870. 

NoY.  3a  By  balance  Nov.  30, 1869 $1,061  25 

**  cash  received  daring  fiscal  year 1,240  21 

$2,301  46 
Primary  School  Interest  Deposits.     , 

CREDIT. 

187a 

Nov.  30.  By  balance  Nov.  30, 1869 $1  71 

**  cash  received  during  fiscal  year 119  81 

$121  52 
Swamp  Land  Deposits. 

CREDIT. 

1870. 

KoT.30.  By  balance  Not.  30, 1869 $60  00 

'^    cash  received  during  fiscal  year 186  33 

$246  33 


88  ANNUAL  BEPOBT  OF  THB 


Swamp  Land  Interest  Deposits. 

DEBIT. 

1870. 

Not.  30.  To  warrants  paid  daring  fiscal  year .  $3  82 

**  balance 90 

$4  72 


State  Building  Deposits, 

DBBlT. 

1870. 
Not.  30.  To  warrants  paid  daring  fiscal  year $50  00 

$50  00 


State  Building  Interest  Deposits. 

DBBIT. 

1870. 
Not.  30.  To  warrants  paid  daring  fiscal  year $3  93 

$3  93 


University  Deposits- 

DEBIT. 

1870. 
Not.  30.  To  balance $375  00 

$375  00 


8TATB  TBSASURBB.  39 


Swamp  Land  Interest  Deposits, 

CBBDIT. 

1870. 
Not.  30.  By  cash  receiyed  during  fiscal  year $4  72 


U  73 


State  Building  Deposits. 

CBBDIT. 

1870. 
HoT.SO.  By  balance  Nov.  30, 1869 150  00 

$50  00 


State  Building  Interest  Deposits. 

CBBDIT. 

1870. 
Hot.  30.  By  cash  received  daring  fiscal  year. 13  93 

•3  93 


University  Deposits. 

CBBDIT. 

1870. 
Not.  30.  By  cash  received  daring  fiscal' year $375  00 

$375  00 


40  ANiniAL  BEPOBT  OF  THE 


University  Interest  Deposits. 

DEBIT. 

1870. 
Nov.30.  To  balance ^ $7  83 

♦7  83 


SaU-'&pring  Deposits. 

DEBIT. 

1870. 
Not.  30.  To  balance $80  00 

$80  00 


8TATB  TBBASUBSB.  41 


Dniversiijf  Interest  Ikposits. 

CBBDIT. 

1870. 
Not.  30.  By  cash  receiyed  daring  fiscal  year #7  83 

»7  83 


Salt-Spring  Deposits. 

CBBDIT. 

1870. 
Not.  30.  By  cash  received  during  fiscal  year $80  00 

♦80  00 
6 


BANK  STATEMENTS. 


8TA  TEMENT  showing  the  condition  of  the  Mechanics^  Banh^ 
Detroit  {organized  September  Ist,  1870),  on  Monday,  Decern* 
her  5ihy  1870,  as  required  by  the  Banking  Law  of  the  State 
of  Michigan : 

RESOURCES. 

Loims  and  Discounts $189,662  98 

Expense. -- 1,593  74 

Suspense 281  14 

OTerdrafts 289  61 

Due  from  Banks  and  Bankers 125,283  55 

Cash  Items 5,619  19 

Checks  on  other  Banks 8,466  43 

Currency 9,457  35 

Gold 1,467  56 

Revenue  Stamps 488  00 

50,782  08 

1242,609  55 

LIABILITIES. 

Capital  Stock $100,000  00 

Deposits 13jB,155  06 

Interest  and  Exchange 4,454  49 

$242,609  55 

I,  E.  H.  Butler,  Cashier  of  the  Mechanics'  Bank,  Detroit,  do 

solemnly  swear  that  the  above  statement  is  true,  to  the  best  of 

my  knowledge  and  belief. 

E.  H.  BUTLER,  Cashier. 

Sworn  to  and  subscribed  before  me  this  ninth  day  of  Decem- 
ber, 1870. 

EPHRAIM  K.  BOBEBTS, 

Notary  Public 


44  ANNUAL  RSPOBT  OF  THE 


ST  A  TEMENT  shotving  the  condition  of  the  Jackson  City 
Bank,  at  the  close  of  business  hours,  November  SOth,  1870,  as 
required  by  the  Banking  Law  of  the  State  of  Michigan : 

BESOUR0E8. 

Loans  and  Discounts $336,139  35 

United  States  5-20  Bonds 700  00 

Banking  House  Safe  and  Fixtures 10,000  00 

Revenue  Stamps 1,864  95 

Premium  Paid 108  88 

Due  from  Banks  and  Bankers 37,501  27 

Legal  Tenders  and  National  Bank  Notes 64,171  00 

Fractional  Currency 1,572  95 

Coin 313  15 

Cash  Items 1,552  73 

$453,924  28 

LIABILITIES. 

Capital $100,000  00 

Deposits 334,064  33 

Profits 19,859  95 

$453,924  28 

I,  Benjamin  Newkirk,  Cashier  of  the  Jackson  City  Bank,  of 
Jackson,  Michigan,  do  solemnly  swear  that  the  above  statement 
is  true,  to  the  best  of  my  knowledge  and  belief. 

BENJ.  NEWKIEK,  Cashier. 

Subscribed  and  sworn  to  before  me,  this  ninth  day  of 
December,  1870. 

GILBEET  R  BYBNE, 

Notary  Public 


I 


STATB  TKBASUBBR.  45 


STATEMENT  showing  the  condition  of  the  Ann  Arbor 
Savings  Bank,  (U  the  dose  of  business  hours,  November  SOth , 
1870,  as  required  by  the  Banking  Ijow  of  the  State  of 
Michigan : 

BESOUBCES. 

Loans  and  Discounts $119,617  56 

United  States  5-20  Bonds,  market  value 1,617  50 

Fnmitnre  and  Fixtures t,539  23 

Berenue  Stamps.  623  60 

Due  from  Banks  and  Bankers 16,032  25 

Gash — Legal  Tender  Notes,  National  Bank  Notes, 

Fractional  Currency  and  Cash  Items 35,138  85 

$175,568  99 

UABILITIES. 

Capital $50,000  00 

Profit  and  Loss *..         5,191  33 

Depoeits 120,377  66 

$175,568  99 

I,  Schuyler  Orant,  Cashier  of  the  Ann  Arbor  Savings  Bank^ 
of  Ann  Arbor,  Michigan,  do  solemnly  swear  that  the  above 
statement  is  true,  to  the  best  of  my  knowledge  and  belief. 

SCHUYLER  GRANT,  Cashier. 

Subscribed  and  sworn  to  before  me,  this  thirtieth  day  of 
November,  1870. 

JAMES  B.  GOTT, 
Notary  Public,  Washtenaw  county,  Mich. 


46  AKKUAL  BEPOBT  OF  THE  STATE  TREASUREK. 


ST  A  TEMENT  showing  the  condition  of  the  Merchants^  and 
ManufactuTtrff  Bank,  Detroit,  at  the  close  of  business  hours, 
November  SOth,  1870,  as  required  by  the  Banking  Laws  of 
the  State  of  Michigan : 

BESOURCES. 

PubUc  Bonds $4,000  00 

Furniture  Account 3,000  00 

Loans  and  Discounts 151,237  64 

Legal  Tenders,  National  Bank  Notes,  and  Frac- 
tional Currency 20,550  14 

Due  from  Banks  and  Bankers 21,093  47 

Exchanges  for  Clearing  House 9,422  25 

$209,303  40 

LIABILITIES. 

Capital  Stock $100,000  00 

Profit  and  Loss. 5,232  78 

Deposits 104,070  62 

$209,303  40 

I,  Charles  C.  Cadman,  Cashier  of  the  Merchants'  and  Manufac- 
turers' Bank,  Detroit,  Michigan,  do  solemnly  swear  that  the 
above  statement  is  true,  to  the  best  of  my  knowledge  and  belie£ 

CHARLES  C.  CADMAN,  Cashier. 

Subscribed  and  sworn  to  before  me,  this  ninth  day  of 
December,  1870. 

MARCUS  F.  DOW, 
'Notary  Public,  Wayne  County,  Mich. 


ANNUAL  REPORT 


COMMISSIONtR  or  THE  STATf  LAIID  OFFICE 


STATE   OF   MICHIGAN, 


ft-OH    THK    VK^VK    ISrO. 


BY    AUTHORITY. 


LAIialNa; 

W.  ?.  GEORGE  ft  CO.,  PRINTERS  TO  THE  STATE. 

1871. 


BEPORT. 


Michigan  State  Land  Office,  ) 
Lansing^  November  SO,  1870.      j* 

To  the  lyegislaiure  of  Michigan: 

Gentlemen  : — In  obedience  te  the  law  defining  the  duties  of 
Commiesioner  of  the  State  Land  Office,  I  have  the  honor  to 
eabmit  the  following  report  of  the  business  transactions  of 
this  office  during  the  year  ending  November  30,  1870. 

Since  my  last  report  to  your  Honorable  body,  there  has  been 
disposed  of  under  existing  laws  nearly  six  hundred  thousand 
acres  of  the  public  domain,  and  belonging  to  the  several  funds 
as  hereinafter  stated.  This  exhibit  must  be  highly  satisfac- 
tory, as  an  eridence  of  the  growing  popularity  of  our  State, 
and  its  rapid  settlement,  and  consequent  development  of  its 
varied  resources. 

It  is  the  design  to  place  before  the  Legislature,  in  this 
report,  as  full  and  correct  a  statement  of  amounts  and  con- 
ditions of  all  lands  belonging  to  the  State  as  is  possible  from 
the  books  and  records  of  this  office,  showing  in  each  instance 
the  amount  of  lands  unsold  belonging  to  each  class  or  fund 
on  the  30th  day  of  November,  A.  I).  1870. 

Very  few  changes  are  deemed  necessary  in  the  laws  regulat- 
ing the  sale  and  disposition  of  the  Public  Lands,  as  existing 
laws,  if  properly  administered,  will,  with  few  exceptions,  suffi- 
ciently guard  the  interests  of  the  State  and  secure  the  rights 
of  the  citixen. 


4  ANNUAL  REPORT  OF  THE  COMMISSIONER 

The  following  comparative  and  tabular  statements  will  show 
the  amount  of  lands  sold  and  disposed  of  during  the  year 
belonging  to  the  several  Trust  and  Swamp  Land  Funds ;  the 
amounts  received  on  account  of  principal,  interest,  and  pen- 
alty upon  lands  sold  during  the  year,  and  upon  part-paid  out- 
standing certificates,  together  with  amounts  of  land  unsold : 

PRIMARY    SCHOOL    LANDS. 

There  has  been  sold  of  the  Primary  School  Lands  at  origi- 
nal sales  24,022.80  acres  for  the  sum  of  $98,491  20,  against 
22,662.18  acres  for  the  sum  of  $00,648  72  during  the  preced- 
ing year,  and  of  lands  forfeited  and  re-sold  1,362.42  acres  for 
the  sum  of  $5,559  68.  Total  sold,  25,985.22  acres  for  an 
aggregate  of  $104,050  88,  against  25,940.33  acres  for  $103,- 
936  32  in  1869. 

There  has  l)een  received  to  this  fund  during  tlic  year  cm 
account  of  principal  $105,900  86,  against  $115,279  98  in  186r,- 
On  account  of  interest,  $51,041  47,  and  on  account  of  pouulty. 
$2,635  33. 

The  whole  number  of  acres  of  Primarv  School  Laud  remain- 
ing  unsold  on  the  30th  day  of  November,  18'JO,  embraced  in  the 
original  grant  to  the  State,  was  468,713.07  acres.  This  docs 
not  include  the  amount  still  due  from  the  Swamp  Land  to 
the  School  Fund,  as  provided  by  Act  No.  168,  Session  Laws  of 
1859,  being  7,857.90  acres,  making  a  total  of  4:6,570. t)7  acres. 

I  would  respectfully  suggest  to  your  honorable  body  the 
propriety  of  passing  a  law  requiring  the  balance  of  lands  due 
from  the  Swamp  to  the  School  Fund  to  be  selected  from  lands 
lately  granted  to  the  State  by  the  General  Government,  to 
supply  deficiencies  in  Swamp  Land  grant,  and  known  as 
**  Indemnity  Land  f  and  tluxt  when  so  selected,  that  the 
minimum  price  l)e  fixed  at  the  same  as  other  Primary  School 
Lands  are  sold  at. 

I  make  this  suggestion,  believing  it  to  be  the  earnest  desire 
of  every  good*  citizen  that  this  truly  noble  fund,  the  fixed 


OF  THE  STATE   LAND   OFFICE.  6 

inheritanco  of  every  child  of  Michigan,  should  be  fostered  and 
istrengthcned  in  every  honorable  manner. 

UNIVERSITY    LANDS. 

The  sales  of  University  Lands  during  the  year  have  been 
only  49-100  of  one  acre,  for  the  sum  of  $5  88,  against  87.76 
acres,  for  $1,053  12,  in  1869. 

Receipts  on  account  of  principal  for  the  year  were  $3,412  20, 
against  $7,817  32  during  the  previous  year.  Amount  received 
on  account  of  interest  was  $9,319  68,  and  on  account  of  pen- 
alty, $260  20.  There  remains  unsold  of  the  lands  belonging 
to  this  fund  131.75  acres,  lying  in  Kalamazoo  county. 

NORMAL  SCHOOL  LANDS. 

There  havo  been  no  sales  of  Normal  Scliool  Lands  during 
the  year,  and  no  business  transactions  relating  to  this  fund 
have  taken  place  at  this  office,  excepting  the  receipt  of  $760 
on  account  of  principal,  $1,605  97  as  interest,  and  $111  38  on 
account  of  penalty. 

The  lands  belonging  to  this  fund  have  all  been  sold,  and 
nothing  remains  to  be  done  at  this  office  excepting  to  receive 
the  balance  due  upon  certificates,  and  close  up  the  accounts. 

ASYLUM    LANDS. 

Whole  number  of  acres  sold  during  the  year  were  280  at 
original  sale  and  120  acres  of  lands  forfeited  and  re-sold,  for 
an  aggregate  amount  of  $1,800. 

The  receipts  on  account  of  principal  were  $1,181  48;  on 
account  of  interest,  $1,395  53,  and  on  account  of  penalty, 
$158  94. 

There  still  remains  unsold  of  the  Asylum  Lands  880  acres. 

STATE    BUILDING    LANDS. 

No  original  sales  have  been  made  during  the  year,  as  there 
are  no  vacant  lands  belonging  to  this  fund,  and  the  sales  have 


L 


6  ANNIAL   REPORT   OP  THE   COMMISHIOXEK 

been  limited  to  the  sale  of  certain  forfeited  lotB  in  the  eity  of 
Lansing,  amounting  in  all  to  the  sum  of  $90. 

The  receipts  on  account  of  principal  were  ioGS  50;  on 
account  of  interest,  $41 2  13,  and  on  account  of  penalty, 
15  90. 

SALT    KPRlXa     LAKDK. 

Total  amount  of  lands  sold  during  the  year  is  120  acres  for 
the  sum  of  $480,  against  336.40  acres  for  $945  GO  in  1869. 

The  receipts  on  account  of  principal  are  $927  95 ;  on  account 
of  interest,  $1,037  50,  and  on  account  of  jKjnalty,  $145  47. 

Whole  number  of  acres  remaining  unsold  November  30.. 
1870,  was  1,255.63. 

INTERNAL    IMPROVEMENT   LANDH. 

There  are  no  sales  of  lands  belonging  to  this  fund  t-o  report 
daring  the  year. 

The  receipts  on  account  of  principal  have  l)een  $116  84. 
Total  amount  of  lands  unsold  is  460.31. 

AGRICl  LTURAL    COLLEGE    LANIW. 

The  sales  of  Agricultural  College  Lands  amount  to  3,280.00 
acres  during  the  year  for  the  sum  of  $11,280  00,  against  13,480 
aores  for  the  sum  of  $43,000  00  during  1869. 

The  receipts  on  account  of  principal  were  $5,895  00,  against 
$11,865  00  for  1869. 

On  account  of  interest,  $1,800  84,  against  $56  68  during 
the  preceding  year ;  and  on  account  of  penalty,  $56  42. 

There  are  218,393.37  acres  of  the  College  Tiands  yet  vacant 
and  subject  to  entry. 

It  is  a  matter  of  suqnise  and  continued  disappointment  to 
the  friends  of  the  College  that  these  lands  are  selling  so 
slowly,  and  it  is  extremely  difficult  to  account  for  the  limited 
sale  during  the  last  year ;  for  a  large  portion  of  these  lands  are 
known  to  be  of  the  very  best  quality  for  fanning  pur])ose8,  and 


OF  THE  STATE   LAJ^D   OFFICE.  4 

the  terms  on  which  they  are  sold  place  them  within  the  easy 
reach  of  every  one  desiring  a  homestead. 

It  is  found  upon  actual  computation  that  the  lands  actually 
patented  to  the  State  under  the  grant  from  the  general  gov- 
ernment, fall  short  4,320.79  acres,  so  that  the  whole  amount 
received  by  the  State  will  be  235,073.37  acres,  instead  of  240,- 
000.00  acres,  as  stipulated  in  the  Act  of  Congress.  This 
deficiency  has  arisen  in  part  from  tho  ruling  adopted  by  the 
(General  Land  OflBce,  by  which  all  deficient  fractional  descrip- 
tions were  computed  as  full,  and  all  surplusage  where  they 
overrun  was  charged  to  the  State,  and  in  part  by  the  selection 
of  a  few  double-priced  lands  lying  within  the  railroad  limits. 

8WAMP  LAKDS. 

The  sale^  of  Swamp  I^nds  for  cash  during  the  year  have 
been  5,089.90  acres  at  original  sales,  and  440  acres  of  lands 
forfeited  and  re-sold  for  an  aggregate  sum  of  $8,215.37,  against 
9,677.08  acres  for  $11^53  05  in  1809. 

There  has  been  received  to  the  Swamp  Land  Fund  during 

the  year  on  account  of  principal,  $323,873  35 ;   of  interest. 

« 

$4,030  54,  and  on  account  of  penalty,  $228  83. 

There  has  been  disposed  of  undei-  Act  No.  117  of  Session 
Laws  of  1859,  and  the  Acts  amendatory  thereof,  during  the 
year,  195,173.50  acres;  22,779  acres  have  been  licensed  to 
actual  settlers,  and  5,218.05  acres  have  been  patented  under 
the  Ilomestead  Act,  where  proof  of  ^vc  years  occupancy  has 
been  made. 

As  the  Swamp  Lands  continue  to  hold  so  prominent  a  posi- 
tion in  the  resources  employed  for  the  development  of  the 
State  by  means  of  supplying  the  country  with  roads  and 
ditches,  and  the  settlers  with  homesteads,  it  has  been  deemed 
of  great  importance  that  a  full  and  reliable  statement  of  the 
amount  and  condition  of  these  lands  should  be  placed  before 
the  Legislature  at  this  time ;  and,  accordingly,  such  a  state- 
ment has  been  prepared  at  great  labor,  and  with  the  utmost 
regard  for  its  accuracy,  and  which  is  the  result  of  a  complete 


8  AXKTAL   REPORT  OF  THE  COMMISSIONER 

footing  and  computation  of  all  unpatented  Swamp  Lands 
belonging  to  the  State.  This  statement  will  appear  at  the 
close  of  this  report  in  tabular  form,  and  from  which  it  will  be 
shown  that  the  total  amount  of  Swamp  Land  passed  to  the 
State  under  the  Act  of  Congress  of  1850  was  5,794,308.57 
acres;  that  of  this  amount  3,160,516.21  acres  were  in  the 
Lower  Peninsula,  and  2,633,792.36  acres  were  in  the  Upper 
Peninsula, 

To  the  amount  in  the  Lower  Peninsula  as  above  given  should 
be  added  18,823,93  acres,  conveyed  by  the  General  Govern- 
ment to  replace  the  lands  sold  and  commonly  known  as 
'*  Green  Lands.'' 

The  condition  of  these  lands,  as  ap])eared  from  the  books  of 
this  office  on  the  30th  day  of  November,  was  as  follows,  to  wit : 
There  had  been  sold  for  cash  in  the  Lower  Peninsula. 
438,742.35  acres;  patented  upon  Homestead  License  where 
five  years  occupany  had  been  proved,  61,077.75  acres;  licensed 
but  unpatented,  94,451.22  acres ;  amount  sold  and  patented  on 
roads  and  ditches,  1,258,063.29  acres ;  reserved  on  road  and 
ditch  contracts,  248,982.17,  and  disposed  of  under  sjiecial 
acts,  52,873.28 ;  leaviug  vacant  and  subject  to  entry  (including 
the  18,823.93  acres  of  "Indemnity  Lands'')  an  aggregate  of 
1,025,150.08  acres. 

In  the  Upper  Peninsula  there  has  been  sold  for  cash, 
59,126.34  acres ;  patented  under  Homestead  Law,  585.95  acres : 
licensed,  3,474.43  acres ;  sold  and  patented  on  roads  and  ditches, 
227,252.93  acres;  reserved  on  road  and  ditch  contract:i, 
70,236.47,  and  disposed  of  under  special  acts,  142,552.95  acres : 
leaving  vacant  and  subject  to  entry,  2,130,563.29  acres. 

There  has  been  sold  at  public  sale,  under  the  terms  and  con- 
ditions prescribed  by  Act  No.  97,  Session  Laws  of  1869, 2,426.83 
acres,  and  at  private  sale,  2,935.81,  at  prices  ranging  from  six 
to  fourteen  dollars  per  acre,  and  for  the  sum  of  $41,153  42. 
There  has  also  been  reserved  on  road  contracts  under  said  law, 
5,209.64  acres,  at  the  price  of  six  dollars  per  acre,  amounting 


OF  THE  STATE  LAND   OFFICE.  9 

to  the  sum  of  $31,257  84,  thus  bringing  into  the  State 
Treasury  a  net  sum  of  $59,195  91  over  and  above  the  mini- 
mum  price  heretofore  established  for  the  Swamp  Lands,  thereby 
demonstrating  most  substantially  that  said  act  was  a  wise  and 
necessary  provision  for  the  protection  of  the  interests  of  the 
State. 

I  would  respectfully  call  the  attention  of  the  Legislature  to 
the  defects  in  Section  8,  Act  No.  31,  Session  Laws  of  1858, 
and  Section  2,  Act  No.  IOC,  Session  Laws  of  1859,  amendatory 
thereof.    The  acts  referred  to  provide  for^the  sale  of  lands 
upon  quarter  payment,  provided  the  purchaser  will  make  and 
file  an  affidavit  showing  the  lands  to  be  valuable  mainly  for 
agricultural    purposes;    and  that  the  purchaser   intends  to 
become  an  actual  resident  upon  the  lands ;  and  further  pro- 
vide, that  in  case  the  purchaser  or  his  asssigns  shall  not  settle 
upon  the  lands  and  become  a  permanent  resident  thei^eon  within 
the  space  of  one  year,  that  the  certificate  of  purchase  shall  be 
void;  and  also  provide,  that  the  balance  due  upon  the  cer- 
tificate shall  1)0  paid  within  ten  yeara 

There  are  a  great  many  certificates  outstanding,  where  the 
ten  years  have  expired  and  payment  has  not  been  made.  And 
in  many  instances  large  tracts  of  land  are  held  under  this  mode 
of  purchase  by  sjKJCulators,  where  no  settlement  has  been  made, 
thus  defeating  the  entire  objects  of  the  law. 

The  defects  in  the  acts  are,  that  no  authority  is  vested  in  the 
Commissioner  to  adjudge  and  determine  the  question  of  settle- 
ment, or  to  pronounce  the  certificate  void  in  case  of  non-com- 
pliance with  the  law,  and  the  State  has  no  remedy  only  to 
apply  to  the  courts  for  relief  in  each  case. 

I  would  respectfully  recommend  such  legislation  in  the 
T)remises  as  will  relieve  the  State  from  this  embarrassment. 

MINEKAL  LANDS. 

I  would  also  respectfully  call  the  attention  of  the  Legisla- 
ture to  the  fact,  that  during  the  past  summer  and  fall  inform- 
ation has  been  received  from  the  office  of  the  State  Geologist, 
2 


10  ANNUAL   REPORT   OF  THE  COMMISSIONER 

representing  that  the  lands  lying  along  the  north  shore  of 
Lake  Michigan,  in  the  southern  part  of  Schoolcraft  county, 
were  rich  in  deposits  of  "Iron  Ores,"  and  that  upon  such 
information,  after  due  consultation  with,  and  advice  from. 
His  Excellency  Governor  Baldwin,  it  was  decided  to  withdraw 
from  market  all  State  lands  lying  in  the  following  townships^ 
to  wit : 

Towns  4C,  47,  and  48  N.,  K.  9  W.;  towns  40,  41,  and  48  N., 
R.  10  W. ;  towns  41,  42,  43,  44,  45,  and  46  iT.,  B.  13  W.;  towns 
42,  43,  44,  45,  and  46  N.,  B.  14  W.;  towns  42,  43,  44,  and  45 
N.,  R.  15  W.;  towns  41,  42,  43,  44,  and  45  N.,  B.  16  W.;  and 
town  44  N.,  B.  17  W. 

The  above  lands  are  still  withheld  from  market  to  await  the 
action  of  the  Ijcgislature,  And  I  would  respectfully  recom- 
mend that  such  legislation  may  be  had  as  will  procure  a 
thomugh  and  accurate  survey  of  said  lands,  with  a  view  to 
ascertaining  the  extent  and  quality  of  the  mineral  deposits^ 
therein ;  and  that  the  Commissioner  be  required  to  withhold 
all  of  said  lands  from  market  until  such  suney  is  completed 
and  a  full  and  complete  report  thereof  made,  and  until  tho 
Legislature  sliall  direct  a  return  of  said  lands  to  market. 

TAXES. 

There  has  been  received  to  the  account  of  taxes  on  part-paid 
lands  during  the  tiscal  year,  the  sum  of  $5,843  38. 

FEES    AND    PLATS. 

There  has  been  received  and  paid  into  the  State  Treasury 
during  the  year,  on  account  of  miscellaneous  fees  and  plats, 
the  sum  of  12,776  00. 

TRESPASS. 

Thei-e  have  been  very  few  complaints  of  trespasses  ujK)n  the 
Trust  Fund  Lands,  and  only  two  cases  have  been  detected,  and 
they  have  not  yet  been  adjusted.  This  office  has  been  relieved 
from  the  most  of  the  responsibility  of  looking  after  trespasser 


OF  THE  STATE   LAXD   OFFICE.  11 

apon  the  public  lands,  as  Act  No.  76,  Session  Laws  of  1867, 
creating  the  office  of  Swamp  I^nd  State  Road  Commiosioner, 
gave  that  officer  the  entire  control  of  trespasses  upon  all  Swamp 
LandSy  and  during  the  last  two  years  the  several  railroad  com- 
panies holding  grants  within  the  State  have  assumed  the  care 
and  snperrision  of  the  lands  belonging  to  their  reBj^ctive 
lines,  thus  leaving  nothing  ))ut  the  Trus^  Fund  I>jind  under 
the  superrision  of  this  office. 

There  have  been  seveiiil  cases  of  supposed  trespass  reported 
to  this  office,  but  upon  investigation  it  was  found  that  the  par- 
ties were  purchasers  under  part-paid  certificates,  which  carried 
the  right  of  possession,  thus  depriving  the  cases  of  the  one 
essential  element  necessary  to  support  a  case  of  trespass.    I 
would  desire  to  call  the  attention  of  the  Legislature  to  this 
onguarded  condition  of  a  large  body  of  the  Primary  School 
and  Swamp  Lands  sold  prior  to  March,  1867,  which  were  sold 
ander  a  form  of  certificate  embodying  no  provisions  against 
wa^ie  or  protection  against  plundering.    In  a  very  few  in- 
stances collateral  security  by  bond  as  provideil  by  statute  has 
been  taken,  but  in  nearly  every  case  the  obligations  are  not 
worth  the  pai>er  they  are  written  upon.    It  is  doubtful  whether 
any  legislation  at  this  time  can  be  had  which  will  relieve  the 
funds  from  the  giant  wrongs  being  committed  under  this  class 
of  sales. 

It  early  l)ecame  apparent  to  your  Commissioner  upon  assum- 
ing the  duties  of  this  office,  that  no  adequate  protection  could 
be  furnished  to  the  funds  affected  by  this  depletion  of  their 
resources,  only  to  compel  full  payment  for  the  lands  at  date  of 
purchase ;  and,  accordingly,  since  March,  1867,  it  has  been  the 
mUng  of  this  officer,  under  the  discretionary  powers  conferred 
upon  the  Commissioner,  that  lands  valuable  principally  for 
their  pme  and  other  timbers  should  be  sold  for  full  payment 
only.  And  I  would  respectfully  recommend  the  passage  of  a 
law  requiring  in  all  cases  where  lands  are  valuable  mainly  for 


12  REPORT  OF  COMMISSIONER  OF  STATE  LAND  OFFICE. 

their  timbers,  they  shall  be  sold  for  full  pajinent,  and  in  no 
other  manner. 

In  conclusion,  I  trust  I  may  be  permitted  to  bear  testimony 
(if  the  good  results  realized  under  Act  Ko.  101,  Session  Laws 
of  1869.  Under  this  Act  large  tracts  of  Swamp  Lands  which 
were  paid  for  long  since,  and  had  lain  as  reserved,  in  many 
instances  for  six  or  seven  years,  have  been  forced  to  patent, 
and  the  titles  hare  gone  forth  from  tlie  State  for  taxation  in 
the  hands  of  the  rightful  owners. 

Under  Act  No.  85,  Session  Laws  of  186'J,  gi'antiug  a  years 
redemption  under  certificates  forfeited  for  non-payment  of 
interest,  have  been  saved  to  the  actual  settler  a  homestead  and 
the  accumulation  of  years  of  labor,  and  has  most  effectually 
put  a  stop  to  that  class  of  speculation  which  relies  for  success 
upon  the  misfortunes  of  others. 

I  would  also  call  attention  of  your  llonorable  body,  before 
<;lo6ing  this  report,  to  the  highly  beneficijil  results  accruing  to 
the  State  under  the  w  orkings  of  the  Swamp  Land  Boad  Com- 
missioner's Office,  and  deem  it  an  office  which  the  people  can 
ill  afford  to  abolish  at  this  time,  and  would  most  cordially 
recommend  its  continuance. 

All  of  which  is  I'espectfully  submitted. 

BENJ.  D.  PRITCHARD, 

Commissioner. 


SALES  AND  ilECElPTS, 


From  December  1st,  1869,  to  November  SOth,  1870,  inchfsive^ 


PRIMARY  SCHOOL   LANDS. 


Monthly  Abstract  of  Sales  for  the  year  ending  Xovember  40th  j 

1810. 


Year.  I 


MONTO. 


1869  December 

1870  January  . 
1870  Febniar}' 
1870IMarch.., 
1870  April  . . . . 

1870  May 

1870  June 

1870 

1870 

1870 

1870 

1870 


July 

August  . . . 
September 
October  . . 
November 


Total 


State  TAnd»t, 
Acres. 


1,294.25 

1,360.00 

1,280.00 

1,251 .  m 

901 . 92 

3,864.12 

3,140.11 

347 . 55 

600 . 00 

2,710.80 

4,792.45 

3,040 .  00 

24,582 .  80 


Forfeited 
Lands, 
Acres. 


80.00 
80.00 
32.37 


80.00 
129.30 
200.00 
160.75 
160.00 
360 . 00 

1,402.42 


Amoant  Sold 
for. 


«5,497  00 

5,760  00 

5,249  48 

5,006  40 

4,087  68 

15,456  48 

12,880  44 

1,907  40 

3,200  0(^ 

11,486  20 

19,914  80 

13,605  00 


$104,050  SH 


Receipts, 

On  account  of  principal $105,900  8(> 

51,041  47 


«• 


u 


ti 


a 


interest 
penalty, 


2,635  33 


Total $159,577  66 


u 


ANNUAL   RKPORT  OF  THE  COMMISSIONER 


L'NIVERSITY    LANDS. 


Monthly  Abstract  of  Sales  for  the  ye^r  ending  November  SO^ 

1870. 


Yeab. 


1870 


March 


MONTH. 


state  Lands, 
Acres. 


.49 


Amonnt  Bold 
for. 


«5  88 


Receipts. 

t)n  account  of  principal $3,412  20 

"  interest 9,319  6iB 

'*  penalty 260  20 

Total $12,992  08 


it 


•'i 


NORMAL  SCHOOL  LANDS. 

Receipts  for  the  year  ending  November  30,  1870. 

On  account  of  principal $  760  00 

"  interest 1,605  97 

'•         '  penalty '     111  38 


Total $2,477  35 


OP  THE  STATE   LAND  OFFICE. 


15 


AGRJCULTUBAL   COLLEGE   LAND8. 

MoHthhj  Abstract  of  Sales  for  the  year  ending  yoveinber  SO, 

1870. 


Yeak. 


1860 
1870 
1870 
1870 
1870 
1870 
1870 
1870 


December. 
February. . 
March,  — 

April 

May 

June 

August. . . 
November 


Total 


MONTH. 


state  Lande, 
Acrcfl. 

Amoant  Hold 
for. 

440 
280 

$1,320  00 
920  00 

120 

360  00 

360 
800 
320 

1,080  00 

2,400  00 

960  00 

160 

480  00 

800 

3,760  00 

3,280 

$11,280  00 

Receipts. 

On  account  of  principal $5,895  00 

1,800  84 


u 


•* 


(» 


«• 


interest 
penalty . 


56  42 


Total 


$7,762  26 


16 


ANNUAL   REPORT  OF  THE   COMMISSIONER 


ASYLUM    LANDS. 

Monthly  Abstract  of  Sales  for  the  year  ending  Xovsrnber  SO, 

1870. 


Yeab. 


1870 
1870 
1870 
1870 
1870 
1870 


MONTH. 


January. 
Marcli . . 


April 

May 

September. 
October. . . 


Total 


State  Lands, 
Acres. 


80 

•   •  • 

120 

80 


Porfeit<^ 
Lands,  Acres 


280 


40 
40 
40 


Amount  Suld 
for. 


*320  00 
160  00 
480  00 
160  00 
320  00 
160  00 


120     '    :&1,600  00 


Receipts. 

On  account  of  principal §1,181  48 

*'         **            interest 1,395  53 

penalty 158  94 


Total *2,T35  95 


STATE   BUILDING    LANDS. 

« 

Monthly  Abstract  of  Sales  for  the  yew  ending  Xovemher  30^ 

1870. 


Year. 


1870 


MONTH. 


Forfeited      ;  Amount  Sold 
Lands.  for. 


April 


Jjansing 
Tjots. 


*22  50 


OF  THE  STATE  LAND   OFFICE. 


17 


Receipts, 

On  account  of  principal $5C8  50 

interest 412  13 

penalty 5  90 

Tot^ $986  53 


SALT  SPRING   LANDS. 


Monthly  Abstract  of  Sales  for  the  year  endifiy  November  SO, 

1870. 


Tkab. 


1869 
1870 


December. 
March 


Total 


MONTH. 


Amoant  Sold 
for. 


$320  00 
160  00 

$480  00 


Receipts* 

On  account  of  principal $  927  95 

"            interest 1,037  60 

penalty 145  47 


u 


i* 


Total $2,110  92 


1^ 


AKXL^L    KEHpirr  op  T7IF   ^  ••^XL'*-:**.VEK 


IN'TEIiVAL    IMPBOVLXENT    LAXI*-^ 

Monthhj  Ahjffrort  of  S^Um  for  (hr  n^^nr  0}}/finq  Xnrr.tib^r  -lO, 

is:o. 


VCAK. 


MONTH. 


'     Ma?^  Lend*.      .Vmoont  Sold 
Acn*.  for. 


1870  AugUijt :        o'l.'M}  *41   13 

1870*Xovemlvr f>0.5:  75  71 

* 

»     

Total 1»3.47  '       %116  84 

Rereipta. 
On  mM'ount  of  principal |«116  84 


SWAMP    LANDS. — PART    PAID. 

■ 

Monthly  Abstract  of  Sales  for  the  year  ending  Xoverniber  M, 

1870. 


Yeab 

18G0 
1870 
1870 
1870 
1870 
1870 
1870 
1870 
1870 
1870 
1870 
1870 


MONTU. 


Bute  Land**. 
Acret*. 


DcccmlxT. 
January . . 
Kcljruary .  . 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August . . . 
Septembor 
October. . . 
November. 


I 


rii 


Fotal 


400.00 

496 . 40 
560 . 00 
784.30 
440.00 
674. 81 
488 . 53 
243 . 39 
418.17 

458 . 41 
40.00 

085 . 86 

5,689.96 


Forfeited 
Landf,  Acrea. 


1,510.57 


40. oo; 


1,550.57 


Amoont  Bold 
for. 


$1,632  02 
620  6U 
700  00 
1,010  37 
550  00 
843  51 
610  66 
304  24 
532  71 
573  02 
50  00 
857  33 

$8,275  37 


OP  THE  STATE   LAXD   OFFICE. 


19 


Receipta, 

On  account  of  principal $323,873  35 

"              interest ^      4,03G  54 

"          "              penalty 228  83 

Total $328,138  72 


RECAPITULATION. 


Primary  School  Lands 

Swamp  Lands,  part  paid 

Umversity  Lands 

Agricultural  College  Lands.. 
Aq^lum  Tjands 

State  Building  Lands 

Salt  Spring  Lands 

Internal  Improvement  Lands 


Total 


state  Lands, 
Acres. 


24,622 .  80 

6,752 .  23 

.49 

3,280 .  00 

280.00 


120.00 
93.47 


ForfdtGd 
L'nds,  Acres 


1,362.42 
440.00 


120.00 
Lansing 
lots. 


Amount  Sold 
for. 


35,148.99 


1,922.42 


$104,05088 

8,215  37 

5  88 

11,28000 

1,60000 

22  50 

480  00 
116  84 


$125,771 47 


20 


ASSVAL   BEP^^BT  OF  THiT  f  OMMISSIOJTEE 


FORFEITED   sTATE   L.1NDS. 


Sial^nnt/   of    Prinripal  and    Interest  rf^eivid   for  ik'^  y^cr 

ending  Sor ember  SKf,  ISIO. 


Pnncipal. 


Int«T-«t. 


Primary  School  Bids *L240  21    $119  81 

Swamp  Und  Bida 186  33  4  T2 

University  BidiJ 375  00  T  83 

State  Building 3  93 

Salt  Spring  Bids ;  80 

Total :    tl^Sl  54    $136  29 


TABLE  Showing  Total  Amount  of  Receipts  for  each  Month 
during  the  year  ending  November  SO^  1870. 


1869Deceml>er 

1870  January. . 

ISIO  February. 

1870  March 

1870 

1870 

1870 

1870 

1870 

1870 

1870 


April 

May 

June 

July 

August . . . 
September 
October. . . 
1870.  November. 


Total 


*73,579  97 
51,573  34 
38,379  03 
24,044  82 
58,181  46 
44,732  16 
15,259  81 
31,177  33 
12,766  11 
63,721  03 
50,338  11 
63,772  35 

$527^525  52 


OF  TIIK   STATE  LAND  OFFICE.  21 


*4  U 


Total  amount  of  Receipts  during  the  year  ending  November 

SO,  1870. 

Primary  School  Principal $105,900  86 

*;      Interest : 51,041  47 

"      Penalty 2,635  33 

Swamp  Principal 323,873  35 

IntereBt 4,036  54 

Penalty 228  83 

University  Principal 3,412  20 

*'           Interest 9,319  68 

Penalty 260  20 

Agricultural  College  Principal 5,895  00 

Interest 1,800  84 

Penalty 56  42 

Normal  School  Principal 760  00 

"      Interest 1,605  97 

"      Penalty Ill  38 

Asylum  Principal 1,181  48 

Interest 1,395  53 

Penalty 158  94 

State  Building  Principal 568  50 

"          Interest 412  13 

*'          **          Penalty 5  90 

Salt  Spring  Principal 927  95 

«        «       Interest 1,037  50 

*'       Penalty '    145  47 

Internal  Improvement  Principal 116  84 

Forfeited  State  Lands  Bids 1,881  54 

«           "         "       Interest 136  29 

Fees,  Plats,  etc 2,776  00 

Taxes  on  Part-paid  Lands 5,843  38 

Total $527,525  52 


u 


t* 


22 


ANNUAL   REPOKT  OF   TUE   f^OMMISSIONEK 


TABLtJ  Shoioing  by  CoantieH  the  amount  of  Primary  Schoof 
Land  sold,  for  the  year  ending  November  30,  1870. 


COUNTY. 


Alcona : 

Allegan 

Alpena 

Antrim 

Bay 

Charlevoix 

Chippewa 

Clare 

Crawford 

Delta 

Emmet 

Gladwin 

Grand  Traverse 

Gratiot 

Houghton 

Huron 

Iosco 

Isabella 

Kalkaska 

Kent 

Lake 

Lapeer 

Leelanaw 

Livingston 

Manistee 

Marquette 

Mason 

Mecosta 

Menominet* ... 

Midland 

Missaukee 

Monroe 

Montcalm 

Montmorenci . . . 
Muskegon 


I 


ACRKS. 


120.00 

120.00 

120.00 

417.40 

,680.00 

160.00 

150.80 

,560.00 

760.00 

360.00 

393.40 

,110.32 

520.00 

120.00 

35.10 

80.00 

400.00 

720.00 

320.00 

120.00 

160.00 

40.00 

27.55 

40.00 

240.00 

360.00 

,296.77 

519.35 

680.00 

,191.55 

440.00 

95.05 

680.00 

440.00 

200.00 


Am't  Sold  for. 


1 


1 


$480 

480 

480 

1,669 

6,720 

640 

603 

6,240 

3,040 

1,440 

1,573 

8,441 

2,080 

480 

140 

320 

1,600 

2,880 

1,280 

480 

640 

160 

110 

160 

960 

1,440 

5,187 

2,077 

2,720 

4,766 

1,760 

380 

2,720 

1,760 

800 


00 
00 
00 
60 

oa 

00 
20 
00 
OO 
00 
60 

2a 

OO 
00 
40 
00 
00 
00 
OO 
00 
00 
00 
20 
00 
00 
OO 
08 
40 
00 
20 
00 
20 
00 
00 
00 


OF   THE   STATE   LAND  OFFICE. 


Primary  ^School  Lands — Continued. 


corsTV. 

Newaygo 

Oceana 

Ogemaw 

Osceola 

Ottawa 

Presqnc  Isle 

Bofleommon 

Saginaw 

Sanilac 

Tuscola 

Van  Buren 

Wexfprd 

Total 


ACRBS. 

Am't  Bold  for. 

386.91 

«1,547  64 

80.00 

320  00 

1,945.90 

7,783  60 

1,501.33 

6,005  32 

400.00 

1,600  00 

192.25 

769  00 

1,300.00 

5,440  00 

358.22 

1,432  88 

320.00 

1,280  00 

400.00 

1,600  00 

.90 

3  60 

960.00 

3,840  00 

24,582.80 

$98,331  20 

y 


24 


ANNUAL   REPORT  OF  THE   COMMISSIONER 


TABLE  showing,  hj  Counties,  the  Sales  of  Agricultural 
College,  University,  Asylum,  Salt-Spring,  and  Internal 
Improvement  Lands,  for  the  year  ending  November  SO, 
1870. 


• 

COUNTIES. 

ARTicnltural 
Ccl.  Lands. 

UniTcrs- 

Ity 
Lands. 

Asjlnm 
Lands. 

Salt 
Spring 
Lands. 

internal 
Improve- 
ment 
Lands. 

Acres. 

Acres. 

Acres. 

Acres. 

Acres. 

Alcona 

40,00 

40.00 

200 . 00 

320 . 00 

Alpena 

Antrim 

Benzie 

Berrien 

.49 

Cheboygan 

Grand  Traverse 

1,000.00 

40.00 

640 . 00 

Manistee 

Midland 

120.00 

Montcalm 

32  00 

Muskesron 

40.00 
240.00 

NewavfiTO 

Tuscola 

60.57 

Wexford 

1,000.00 

Total 

3,280.00 

.41) 

280.00 

120.00 

93.47 

OF  THE  STATE  LAND  OFFICE.  25 


TABLE  showing,  by  Counties,  the  amount  of  Swamp  Lands 
sold  for  cash,  for  the  year  ending  November  30,  1870. 

Cocntie?.  Acres. 

Alcona 80.00 

Alpena 608.54 

Antrim 80.00 

Cheboygan    909.58 

ainton 80.00 

Delta 160.00 

Gratiot 504.30 

Huron ' 963.39 

Ionia 80.00 

Iosco • 200.00 

Isabella 85.86 

Kent 40.00 

Lap^r 120.17 

Mackinac 69.70 

Mason 80.00 

Mecosta 320.00 

Menominee 200.00 

Montcalm 160.00 

Oceana 40.00 

Osceola 80.00 

Ottawa 8.16 

Presque  Isle 31.60 

SanUac 336.32 

St  Clair 120.00 

Tnscola 332.34 

Total 5,689.96 

4 

4 


» 


20  ANNUAL    UEPOKT  OF  THE   C'OMMISSIONEK 


TABLE  showing,  by  Counties,  the  Amount  of  Sivump  Lands 
sold  under  Ad  1111,  Session  Ixttcs  of  1859 ,  and  the  Acfs 
amendatory  thereto^  for  the  year  ending  Xovemher  30^  1S70. 

Conn  ti  CM.  AcrcH. 

Alcona 5,343 .  70 

Allegan 1,760.00 

Alpena G,461 .  65 

Antrim 1.190 .  05 

Barry 94 .  61^ 

Bay 1,608 .  71 

Benzie 847.00 

Charlevoix :),338 .  25 

Callionn 40.00 

Cass 30. 70 

Cheboygan 7,128. 28 

Chippewa 1,140.24 

Clare 3,553.51 

Clinton 60.00 

Crawford 1,304.33 

Deltu 1,666.95 

Eaton 343 .  00 

Emmet 6,016.47 

Gladwin 3,825.20 

Grand  Traverse 1,945 .  45 

Gratiot 2,400. 93 

Houghton 80.00 

Huron 4,004.46 

Ingham 120.00 

Ionia 238.54 

Iosco 1,040.00 

Isabella 1,719.83 

Kalkaska 3,641 .  19 

Kent 160.00 


OF   THE  STATE   LXSD  OFFICE.  21 

TABLE— Continved. 

ConnUc*.  Acren. 

Lake 2,620. 74^ 

Lapeer 280.00 

Leelanaw 143.95 

Livingston 40 .  00 

Mackinac 2,817.84 

Manistee 3,950. 73 

Marquette 14,13(5. 17 

Mason *.  4,850. 93 

Mecosta 2,769.93 

Menominee 19,294.96 

Midland 3,047. 18 

Missaukee    4,082.11 

Montcalm 2,245  06 

Montmorency 3,871 .  97 

Muskegon 5,105.91 

Newaygo 5,862.37 

Oceana 3,339.40 

Ogemaw 3,336. 59 

Osceola 6,752.06 

Oscoda 1,822.67 

Otsego 2,630.08 

Ottawa 202.26 

Presqne  Isle 8,993. 44 

Roscommon 8,730 .  45 

Saginaw 1,104.80 

Sanilac 8,359.56 

Schoolcraft 3,455.41 

Shiawassee 80. 00 

Tuscola 7,836.21 

Van  Buren 40.00 

Washtenaw 40.00 

Wexford 2,227. 53 

Total 195,173.50 


28 


ANNUAL   REPORT   OF  THE  COMMISSIONER 


TABLE  showing,  hy  Counties,  the  amount  of  Swmnp  Lands 
for  which  Licenses  were  granted  to  Settlers ;  also,  Licenses 
patented  on  five  years^  pTOof,  during  the  year  ending  A^o- 
vember  30,  1870. 


Alcona . . . . 
Allegan . . . 
Alpena. . . . 
Antrim . . . 

Bay 

Charlevoix . 
Cheboygan 
Chippewa. . 
Gratiot. . . . 
Huron .... 
Ionia 


COUNTIES. 


Iosco 

Isabella 

Kent 

Lapeer 

Leelanaw  . . . . 

Lenawee 

Mason 

Mecosta. . .    . 

Midland 

Montcalm . . . 
Montmorenci 
Muskegon . . . 
Newaygo ... 

Oceana 

Osceola 

Ottawa 

Presque  Isle. 
Roscommon . . 

Saginaw 

Sanilac 

Shiawassee . . . 
Tuscola 


Settlers'  Li- 

cencies  not 

patented. 


ACRBS. 


Total 


120.00 
886 . 73 

G,861 .  56 
160.00 
160.00 
316.15 

1,746.12 
320 . 00 
400.00 

2,339 .  72 


160 . 00 
720.00 


80.00 


486.37 
600.00 


120.92 
160.00 
800 . 00 
391.91 
400 . 00 
663 . 68 

80.00 
1,877.47 

80.00 


909.54 

80.00 

1,879.33 


22,799 .  50 


SetUem'  LI- 
cenees  pat- 
ented. 


ACBXB. 


160.00 
80.00 
160.00 
78.36 
282 . 75 
319.20 
576.66 


240.00 

430 . 76 

40.00 


838 . 85 

40.00 

80.00 

80.00 

51.80 

56.88 

280 . 67 

160. 00 

280 . 00 


80.00 


80.00 
360.00 
142.12 
320.00 


5,218.05 


OP  THK  STATE  LAND   OFPICK. 


3a 


GRADUATION   LANDS. 

TABLE  showing,  by  Counties^  the  amount  of  Sivamp  Lands 
sold  ntider  Act  97,  Session  Laws  of  1869 ;  also,  amount 
reserved  on  scrip,  at  id  per  acre,  during  the  year  ending 
November  SO,  1870. 


COUNTIES. 


Clare 

Jackson .... 
Leelanaw.  .  . 
Missaukee.  . 

Ottawa 

Presque  Isle 
Wexford 


Total 


Acres. 


1,054.17 
40.00 


3,901.40 


367.07 


5,362 .  64 


Retened  at 
$6.00  per  aero. 


ACRES. 


120.00 


40.00 

4,649 .  28 

40.00 

40.00 

320.36 


5,209 .  64 


RECEIPTS. 


Public  sale 


ii 


*i 


u 


«i 


PriTate  sale 


u 


ti 


Total 


Acres  gold. 


40.00 

40.00 

80.00 

80.00 

2,186 .  83 

1,733 .  29 

1,202 .  52 


5,362.64 


Price 

• 

$14  00 

13 

00 

9 

00 

8 

10 

8 

05 

8 

00 

6 

00 

AmH  Bold  for. 

$  560  00 

520  00 

7  20 

648  00 

17,603  98 

13,866  32 

7,215  12 

$41,133  42 


;3o 


AXXUAL   REPOKT  OF  TITE   COMMISSIONER 


TABLE shoioinyy  by  Counties^  the  amomit  of  vacant  Primary 
School^  Agricultural  Uollege,  and  Mineral  Lands,  on  the 
SOth  day  of  November,  1870. 


COUXTIKS. 


Primary  School 
Land». 


Alcona 

Allegan 

Alpena 

Antrim 

Bay.. 

Benzie 

-Berrien 

Calhoun 

Charlevoix 

Cheboygan 

Chippewa 

Clare 

Clinton 

Crawford 

Delta 

Eaton 

Emmet 

Gladwin 

Grand  Traverse 

Gratiot 

Houghton 

Huron 

Ingham 

Ionia 

Iosco 

Isabella 

Kalkaska 

Keweenaw 

Lake 

Lapeer 

Leelanaw 

Livingston 

Mackinac 

Manistee 

Manitou 

Marquette 

Mason 


ACKK8. 


6,640 . 

1,211 . 

7,994 . 

6,828 . 

5,082 . 

1,120. 

80. 

80. 

4,226 . 

12,517. 

42,235 . 

4,485 . 

394. 

7,836 . 

19,300. 

520. 

8,159. 

4,527. 

3,102 . 

2,360 . 

21,900 . 

7,657. 

80- 

40. 

5,638 . 

2,600 . 

8,512 

517. 

6,999. 

240. 

3,567. 

80. 

20,269 . 

3,968. 

1,931. 

48,258 . 

3,874. 


00 
51 
24 
08 
89 
00 
00 
00 
00 
64 
72 
43 
68 
30 
81 
00 
33 
30 
21 
00 
45 
50 
00 
00 
82 
00 
85 
85 
12 
00 
75 
00 
85 
58 
10 
27 
74 


AfiricuUural 
College  Lands. 


Acres. 


33,967.84 


2,360 .  00 
19,123.22 


6,240 .  00 


4,765 .  09 


Reserved 
Mineral  Lands. 


ACBBS. 


-*   ^y  V  *  .   V  V 

.••• 

2,880.00 

2,080 .  00 

4,360 .  30 

27,274.57 

•   ^    ••••■••• 

10,074.30 

120.00 

12,160.00 

8,520.00 

OF  THE  STATE    L.VXn   OFFICK. 


31 


TABLF— Continued. 


COrXTIEB. 


Mecosta 

Menominee.  . 

Midland 

Missaukee.  .  . 

Monroe 

Montcalm .  .  . 
Montmorency 
Muskegon .  . . 
Newaygo   ... 

Oceana 

Ogemaw  .... 
Ontonagon . . 
Osceola 

Oscoda 

Otsego 

Ottawa 

Presqne  Isle. 

Roscommon  . 

•Saginaw .... 

Sanilac 

J^hooleraft .  . 

St  Clair 

Tuscola 

Van  Buren . . 

Wexford 


Primary  School 
Lande. 


ACRKJ». 


Total 


1,584.15 

10,011.72 
2,444 .  24 
5,600 .  00 
562.27 
320 . 00 
8,640.00 
2,899 .  09 
4,320 .  00 
1,085 .  66 
9,829.00 

40,113.00 

4,826 .  10 

8,880 .  00 

7,911.28 

400.00 

10,426.03 
6,607.05 
2,654.75 
5,240.00 

39,059.71 

280.00 

5,120.00 

40.00 

6,000 .  00 


468,713.07 


Affricaltaral 
Couege  Lands. 


Acres. 


Reflervod 
Mineral  Lands. 


17,898.46 
9,839 .  44 


2,477 .  95 


37,800.00 


218,393.37 


ACBXS. 


7,994 .  65 

9,912.95 

3,240.00 


19,000.30 


33 


ANNUAL  REPORT  OF  THE  COMMISSIONER 


TABLE  showing^  by  Counties,  the  ainoitnt  of  vacant  Univer- 
sity, Asyhimy  Salt  Spri7ig,  and  Internal  Improvement  Lands^ 
on  the  30th  day  of  November,  1870. 


COCNTIKS. 


Antrim ... 
Berrien . . . . 
Gratiot. . . . 
Kalamazoo 
Leelanaw . . 
Midland . . . 
Muskegon  . 
Newaygo  . . 
Tuscola. . . 


Total 


Univergity 
Lands. 


ACBBS. 


13.01 
200 . 00 


As  jlam 
Lands. 


Salt  Spring 
Lands. 


ACBES. 


212.01 


040 . 00 
240 . 00 


880 . 00 


ACBES. 


Internal  Im- 
provement 
Lands. 

Acres. 


40.00 


1,215.63 


1,255 .  63 


80.00 


80.00 
160.00 


140.31 


460.31 


OF  THE  8TATB  LAND  OFFIOB. 


33 


COMPARATIVE  8TATEMEJST  of  the  sales  of  Stats 
Lands  since  December  i,  1857^  for  each  fiscai  year^  deduct- 
ing Forfeitures. 


PRIMARY  SCHOOL  LANDS. 


YEARS. 


1858. 

1859. 

1860. 

1861. 

1862. 

1863. 

1864 

1865 

1866 

1867 

1868 

1869 

1870 


Total 223,117.36     $897,468  84 


ACRBS. 


3,058 .  62 

3,448 .  75 

4,151.30 

3,614.19 

2,594.88 

15,528 .  27 

24,770 .  93 

20,288 .  41 

37,885.30 

31,683.45 

28,848 .  28 

22,662.18 

24,582 .  80 


Amoant  sold  for. 


$12,234  48 

13,393  00 

16,605  20 

14,456  76 

10,479  52 

61,594  43 

107,171  99 

80,559  71 

151,353  03 

125,237  68 

115,393  12 

90,648  72 

98,331  20 


34 


ANNUAL   REPORT  OP  THE  COMMISSIONER 


UNIVERSITY   LANDS. 


YEARS. 


1858 

1859 

1860 

1861 

1862 

1863 

1864 

1865 

1866 

1867 

1868 

1869 

1870 

Total 


Acres. 


2,890 .  78 


Amount  eold  for. 


153.60 

$1,843  20 

388 . 29 

4,671  48 

369 . 20 

4,430  40 

360.00 

4,320  00 

80. 00 

960  00 

213. 80 

2,565  60 

368. 35 

4,420  20 

200 . 00 

2,400  00 

320.54 

3,858  48 

160.00 

1,920  00 

188.75 

2,265  00 

87.76 

1,053  12^ 

.49 

5  88 

$34,713  36 


AGRICULTURAL  COLLEGE  LANDS. 


YEARS. 


1868 

1869 

1870 

Total 


Aciucs. 


520 . 00 

13,480 .  00 

3,280 .  00 


17,280.00 


Amoant  sold  for. 


2,600  00 
43,000  00 
11,280  00 


$56,880  00 


OF  THE  STATE   LAND  OPPICB. 


35 


NORMAL  SCHOOL   LANDS. 


YEARS 


1858 

1859 

1861 

1862 

1863 

1864...    . 

1865 

1866 

1867 

1868 

Total 


80.00 

40.00 

80.00 

80.00 

80.00 

200 . 00 

840.00 

40.00 

160.50 

40.00 


1,640.00 


Amount  sold  for. 


^  320  00 
160  00 
320  00 
320  00 
320  00 
800  00 

3,360  00 
160  00 
640  00 
160  00 


$6,560  00 


ASYLUM   LANDS. 


YEARS. 


1858 

1862 

1863 

1864 

1865 

1866 

1867 

1868 

1869 

1870 

Total 


160.00 
80.00 
240.00 
193.03 
680 . 00 
200 . 00 
160.00 
200.00 
80.00 
280 . 00 


2,273.03 


Amonnt  sold  for. 


$    640  00 

320  00 
960  00 
772  12 

2,720  00 
800  00 
640  00 
800  00 
320  00 

1,120  00 


$9,092  12 


36 


RBPORT  OF  COMMISSIONER  OF  STATE  LAKD  OFFICE. 


COM  PA  RA  TI VE  8TA  TEMENT  of  Swamp  Land  Sales  since 
January,  1854,  for  each  fiscal  year,  deducting  Forfeitures, 


TEARS. 


1854 

1855  (no  sale) 

1856 

1857 

1858 

1859 

1860 

1861 

1862 

1863 

1864 

1865 

1866 

1867 

1868 

1869 .. 

1870 


ACRBS. 


142,933 .  09 


Total 


1,023 .  73 

2,334 .  08 

97,620 .  08 

74,888.00 

22,306 .  96 

27,961.36 

16,549 .  77 

106,057. 37 

136,235.00 

136,533.74 

177,103.03 

288,123 .  61 

253,474.84 

273,590.97 

200,863 .  46 


Amoant  sold  for. 


$113,212  49 


1,957,599.09 


1,230  77 

2,232  88 

122,287  00 

93,542  90 

27,883  82 

34,951  67 

20,687  18 

132,575  17 

171,489  13 

170,767  41 

221,378  78 

360,405  16 

316,843  52 

341,988  71 

251,079  32 


$2,382,555  91 


Showing  the  Conditu 


coumiES. 


Alcoka 

Allegaw 

Alpbka 

Ahtrim 

Barry 

BlY 

Benzie 

Berriek 

Branch 

Calhoun 

Cass 

Charlevoix 

Cheboygan' 

Clare 

Clinton 

Crawford 

Eaton 

Emmet 

Genesee 

Gladwin 

Grand  Traverse. 

Gratiot 

Hillsdale 

Huron 

l50HAJf 

Ionia 

Iosco 

Isabella 

Jackson 

Kalamazoo 

I  Kalcasca 

Kent 

Lake 

Lapeer 

Lkelanaw 

l^KAWBE 

Livingston 

Uacomb 

Kakistee 

Kabon 

Mecosta 

Midland 


Original  Amoont. 


▲0BS8. 


122,695 

33,266 

249,429 

17,709 

6,167 

117,826 

18,893 

7,352 

4,499 
12,934 

7,421 
61,407 
154,429 
77,252 
23,461 
38,294 
15,664 
67,958 

4,317 
99,915 
29,908 
61,637 

1,299 
171,681 
16,699 
11,785 
68,907 
52,971 

5,001 

5,679 
43,533 
15,104 
23,146 
21,855 
12,163 

1,800 

3,836 
41 
49,186 
42,495 
46,814 
35,933 


45 
76 
39 
13 
50 
95 
57 
08 
36 
55 
39 
69 
91 
62 
94 
26 
17 
87 
64 
29 
58 
60 
81 
05 
02 
01 
23 
76 
45 
51 
71 
96 
79 
81 
04 
00 
64 
65 
28 
95 
61 
46 


Vacant. 


▲0BB8. 


36,903 .  67 

6,951.18 

147,430.58 

7,140.86 

156.61 

11,687.42 

7,610.81 

66.29 

" '239*99 

180.08 
16,544.57 
66,951.40 
16,334.34 

900.00 
29,096.74 

777.26 
29,296 .  91 

280.00 

13,661.31 

10,502 .  51 

6,893.00 

'35,837"  18 

1,398.67 

624.78 

34,130.49 

3,656.32 

40.00 

80.00 

20,403 .  28 

243.84 

11,742.17 

440.00 

3,816.79 

302.48 

19,631.11 

18,936.15 

2,487.64 

2,609.38 


Homeateads 
ented. 


▲0BB8.    ' 


668.9 
3,321.1 

621.6 
78.3 

516.3 
2,536.8 


40. 0( 


471. 2( 
1,864. 6{ 

6i2"6i 

'471.63 

656.91 

160.00 
6,193.20 

7^858'68 
160.00 
839.92 
160.00 

1,998.35 


1,009.78 

2,619.63 
211.80 


3,040. 6'3 
320. OC 


I^  E  P  O  R  T 


SWAMP   lAIID  STATE 


STATE     OF     MICHIGAN, 


FOR  THE  YEARS  1800  AND  ttllO. 


BY     AUTHORITY. 


LANSING: 

W.   S.  GEORGE  &  CO..  PRINTERS  TO  THE  STATE. 

1871. 


R  E  P  o  R  ^r 


Swamp  Land  State  Road  Commissioner's  Offce,  ) 
Lansing,  Michigan^  January  2,  1871.         \ 

To  the  Legislature  of  the  State  of  Michigan : 

As  required  by  seetioQ  0,  of  act  76,  of  the  session  laws  of 
1867,  I  present  in  these  pages  my  second  report  to  your 
honorable  body,  with  such  recommendations  as  to  me  appear 
proper  and  necessary  to  secure  the  best  interests  of  the  State 
in  matters  connected  with  this  department. 

The  tables  herewith  will  show,  in  a  condensed  form,  my 
'•acts  and  doings"  since  my  last  report. 

Table  No.  1  shows  what  work  has  been  put  under  contract 
with  my  approval,  giving  the  length,  in  miles  and  rods,  of  each 
portion  of  road  or  ditch,  and  the  bridges  so  contracted  since 
January  1st,  1869,  with  the  contract  price  of  each. 

Table  No.  2  shows  in  detail  what  work  on  each  road  has 
been  completed,  accepted,  and  fully  approved ;  and  also,  in  a 
separate  column,  the  amount  which  has  been  allowed  and  paid 
upon  estimates  of  work  that  has  been  reported  or  accepted  by 
Local  Commissioners,  but  which  has  not  yet  been  fiilly 
approved  by  me. 

Table  No.  3  is  arranged  with  the  view  of  showing,  com- 
paratively, how  the  several  counties  have  shared  in  the  appro- 
priations of  swamp  lands  for  roads,  ditches,  and  other  similar 
improvements. 

Most  of  these  roads  and  improvements  lie  in  two  or  more 
counties;  some  of  them  are  not  yet  suryeyed  or  definitely 
located,  so  that  only  an  estimate  of  their  length  can  now  be 
had.    Others  were  only  to  be  repaired  under  special  acts. 


4  8WAMP  LAND   STATE   ROAD 

Again,  it  is  true  that  some  portions  of  every  road  are  much 
more  expensive  than  others  to  build,  of  which  no  separate 
iwjcount  was  ever  kept  by  counties;  and  in  some  cases  where  a 
road  extended  through  several  counties,  and  received  a  section 
of  land  per  mile  for  the  entire  length,  a  portion  only  has  been 
built,  while  the  whole  appropriation  for  the  road  has  been  used. 

These  things  have  so  complicated  the  matter,  that  it  is 
impossible  to  show  exactly  the  amount*  that  has  been,  or  yet 
may  be  used  in  each  of  the  several  counties;  but  I  beheve  the 
exhibit  made  by  this  table  is  sufficiently  accurate  for  practical 
purposes. 

Table  No.  4  shows,  by  counties,  where  lands  have  been  appro- 
priated for  roads,  ditches,  and  bridges ;  also,  the  amount  of  the 
original  grant  lying  in  said  counties,  and  about  the  amount 
in  each  that  would  be  left  after  deducting,  j^ro  rata,  the  lands 
that  haye  been  absorbed  for  general  purposes,  or  such  as  are 
not  included  in  Table  No.  3.  The  fourth  column  also  shows 
the  amount  expended  or  now  under  contract  in  each  county ; 
and  the  fifth  column  gives  the  amount  not  under  contract.  It 
will  be  observed  that  in  twenty-nine  of  these  counties  more 
lands  have  been  appropriated  than  would  be  left  in  them  after 
the  general  appropriations  are  deducted,  as  in  column  number 
two,  and  in  several  cases  this  excess  is  very  large  indeed. 

For  an  explanation  of  what  I  have  termed  general  appropri- 
ntionsy  I  refer  to  a  balance  sheet  following  the  tables. 

Table  No.  5  gives  ad  alphabetical  list  of  the  swamp  land 
State  roads,  etc.,  with  the  amount  of  appropriation  for  each 
stated  in  dollars  (I'eckoning  the  land  at  $1.25  per  acre),  the 
entire  amount  paid  on  each  to  January  Ist,  1871,  the  amount 
yet  unexpended,  and  also  the  amount  overpaid  on  any. 

Table  No.  6  shows  on  what  roads  and  ditches  contracts  are 
yet  outstanding,  the  distance  covered  by  such  contracts,  the 
entire  amount  for  which  tfiey  were  drawn,  in  dollars,  the 
amount  already  paid,  and  the  amount  yet  to  be  paid  upon  such 
contracts. 


commissioner's  report.  h 

The  minimum  price  of  one  dollar  and  twenty-five  cents  per 
icre  for  land  has  been  the  basis  for  the  calculations  in  making 
up  the  tables  and  the  balance  sheet  herewith.  This  sheet  is 
designed  to  show  at  a  glance  what  is  about  the  present  con- 
dition of  the  Swamp  Land  Fund.  It  will  be  seen  there  is  but 
a  remnant  of  the  lands  left  untouched  by  existing  acts  of 
appropriation.  From  extensive  personal  knowledge,  and  infor- 
mation gathered  from  "many  reliable  sources,  I  am  very  certain 
that  the  balance  here  shown  is  even  less  than  the  amount  of 
lands  that  are  absolutely  worthless,  and  must  remain  so  for  a 
long  time.  Indeed,  there  must  be  many  of  these  swamp  lands 
that  nerer  will  be  valuable,  and  therefore  cannot  be  depended 
upon  to  meet  any  appropriations.  Hence,  I  am  driven  to  the 
conclusion  that  the  State  cannot  safely  dispose  of  any  more 
of  these  lands,  either  by  further  appropriations,  or  for  home- 
steads on  license,  or  one-fourth  pay.  I  believe  the  best  interests 
of  the  State,  and  justice  to  many  portions  of  her  unsettled 
domain,  require  the  repeal  of  some  of  the  existing  laws  which 
appropriate  lands  for  roads  not  yet  built  in  counties  that  have 
already  had  more  than  their  just  share  of  these  lands. 

SETTLERS,  HOMESTEADS,   ITC. 

By  reference  to  the  reports  of  the  Commissioner  of  the  State 
Land  Office,  from  the  time  the  Homestead  Acts  first  took 
effect  until  December  1st,  1870,  it  will  be  found  that  290,- 
93433  acres  have  been  licensed  for  homesteads;  and  yet  the 
tabular  statement  in  said  Commissioner's  report,  just  issued, 
ihows  that  only  61,663.70  acres  had  been  patented  as  home- 
steads up  to  December  1st,  1870,  and  but  97,925.65  acres 
remained  licensed  at  that  date,  or  a  total  of  only  159,589.35 
acres,,  which,  deducted  from  the  amount  that  have  been 
licensed,  leaves  no  less  than  131,344.98  acres  that  have  alreadv 
reverted  to  the  State  on  "proof  of  non-settlement  or  abandon- 
ment;" and  there  can  be  no  doubt  that  still  quite  a  large 
amount  of  that  now  standing  on  licenses  will  revert  in  the 


6  SWAMP  X^ND   STATE   ROAD 

same  manner,  proving  conclusively  that  more  than  half  of  all 
the  lands  licensed  for  homesteads  will  not  be  settled  as  such. 

It  is  also  true  that  a  large  amount  that  has  been  sold  for  one- 
fourth  pay  down  has  been  forfeited  to  the  State  for  "  non- 
pajrment  of  interest."  I  am  therefore  obliged  to  repeat  what  I 
said  in  my  former  report:  "From  extensive  observation,  and 
information  gathered  from  reliable  sources,  I  am  satisfied  that 
a  very  large  majority  of  the  lands  taken  under  these  laws  are 
not  for  actual  settlement,  but  to  be  stripped  of  valuable 
timber,  a  practice  very  general  in  many  parts  of  the  State,  and 
carried  on  by  irresponsible  parties." 

I  still  have  no  doubt  that  the  poor,  honest  man,  who  wishes 
to  obtain  a  home,  can  more  easily  pay  $1.25  per  acre  for  land 
on  the  line,^  or  in  the  near  vicinity  of  a  good  road,  and  better 
secure  a  home,  than  to  have  his  land  for  nothing,  remote  from 
road  communications  and  from  the  settlements  where  there 
would  be  a  demand  for  his  labor.  In  my  opinion,  no  one 
thing  is  so  absolutely  necessary  for  the  successful  development 
of  a  State,  and  the  reclamation  and  settlement  of  her  unoccu- 
pied territory,  as  public  roads.  The  early  history  of  Michigan 
abundantly  proves  this,  in  the  fact  that  the  settlements  followed 
the  old  "  Territorial  roads"  entirely  across  the  State,  aud  even 
yet  are  these  belts  of  civilization  quite  observable.  I  think 
there  can  be  no  doubt  that  the  economical  building  of  public 
highways  and  thoroughfares  secures  the  settlement  and  the 
consequent  *•  reclamation "  of  a  country  more  rapidly  and 
better  than  can  be  done  in  any  other  way. 

I  therefore  believe  it  my  duty  to  recommend  the  repeal  of 
all  existing  laws  (including  the  Homestead  and  quarter-pay 
acts)  which  in  any  direct  or  indirect  way  divert  these  lands 
from  the  real  object  stated  by  Congress  for  making  the  original 
grant. 

The  tables  herewith  make  it  evident  that,  in  the  Lower 
Peninsula,  this  grant  is  very  nearly  exhausted,  or  anticipated 
by  existing  acts  of  appropriation,  and  I  think  everyone  will 


commissioner's  report.  7 

see,  on  reflection,  that  the  utmost  care  must  be  taken  in  closing 
ont  these  swamp  lands. 

By  act  of  Congress,  September  4, 1841,  the  United  States 
gaye  500,000  acres  of  land  to  this  State  for  "  internal  improve- 
ments,"— ^less  than  one-si^th  as  much  land  as  there  were  of 
swamp  lands  in  this  Peninsula, — and  yet  that  was  so  loosely 
closed  up  as  to  leaye  the  unpleasant  "Beard  Claim"  as  a 
legacy  for  us  and  those  who  are  to  come  after  us.  To  prevent 
a  multiplication  of  similar  claims,  and  to  secure  the  most 
economical  closing  up  of  this  munificent  swamp-land  grant,  I 
recommend  that  the  entire  balance  of  the  grant  not  already 
expended  be  put  into  the  hands  of  the  Board  of  Control  for 
Swamp  Lands,  consisting  as  it  does  of  the  Governor,  State 
Treasurer,  Secretary  of  State,  Auditor  General,  Attorney 
General,  and  Commissioner  of  the  State  Land  Office,  and  that 
said  Board  be  authorized  to  use  whatever  balance  they  may  find 
remaining  of  said  fund,  in  building  State  roads  and  ditches,  as 
to  them  may,  on  careful  investigation,  appear  most  fully  to 
secure  the  interests  of  the  -State  and  do  justice  to  all  her 
people. 

CONTRACTS,  ETC. 

I  have  endeavored  not  to  put  work  under  contract  faster 
than  I  deemed  the  probable  demand  for  lands  would  warrant, 
with  the  view  of  keeping  "  scrip  "  (as  it  is  termed)^  up  to  such 
a  value  that  men  could  afford  to  build  such  roads  as  their  con- 
tracts required, — roads  that  would  be  of  service  when  built. 
But  the  great  scarcity  of  money  has  operated  to  prevent  invest- 
ments in  lands  almost  entirely  for  the  last  several  months, 
while  the  work  of  the  whole  season  mostly  matures  in  October 
and  November,  and  these  two  reasons  combined  have  greatly 
depressed  the  price  of  "  scrip,"  fbr  which  there  is  at  present 
only  a  light  demand.  I  think  most  of  the  roads  that  should 
be  built  under  existing  laws  may  be  completed  during  the 
next  two  years,  if  the  seasons  should  prove  favorable  for  such 
work. 


8  SWAMP  LAND  STATE  ROAD  COMMISSIONER'S  REPORT. 

TRESPASSES  ON  SWAMP  LANDS 

have  been  decidely  less  since  my  last  report  than  prior  to  that 
time,  and  I  am  confident  that  these  lawle^  and  wanton  depre- 
dations upon  the  public  lands  may  be  almost  entirely  prevented 
by  the  prompt  and  vigilant  attention  of  such  public  oflScers 
as  may  be  charged  with  the  duty  of  enforcing  the  lawg 
applicable  to  the  case,  and  which  I  think  fully  adequate.*  lu 
most  cases  the  men  who  trespass  upon  State  lands  belong  to  a 
shrewd  and  slippery  class,  who  endeavor  to  cover  their  tracks,  if 
possible,  to  escape  detection ;  hence,  the  expense  of  following 
up  the  matter  to  a  final  settlement  is  comparatively  large. 
Since  my  last  report  I  have  collected  12,164:  from  trespassers, 
in  doing  which  I  have  paid  out  $1,557.80,  leaving  a  net  balance 
of  1606.20,  which  I  have  paid  into  the  State  Treasury.  An 
item  statement  of  receipts  and  expenditures,  with  accompany- 
ing vouchers,  has  been  furnished  to  the  Board  of  State 
Auditors  on  settlement. 

All  of  which  is  most  respectfully  submitted. 

LORENZO  B.  CUETIS, 

Commissioner. 


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SWAMP   LAND  STATE  ROAD 


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40 


BWAMP   LAND  STATE   BOAD 


TABLE    IV. 
(for  lower  peninsula  only.) 


NAME  OP 
COUNTY. 


Alcona 

All^ian 

Alpena 

Antrim 

Barry 

Bay 

Benxie 

Caea 

Ctaarlerolx 

Cheboygan 

Clare^ 

^Clinton 

Crawford 

Eaton 

Emmets 

Geneeee^ 

Grand  Traverse 

Oratiot /...- 

Qladwin 

Huron 

Ingham 

Ionia- 

loeco- 

leabeUa 

Jackson 

Kent 

Kalkaeka 


0     1    A   93     I       • 


Acres. 


88,2ft5.76 

249,420.89 

17J09.18 

5,m.50 

117,926.95 

16,898.57 

7,421.89 

51,407.69 

154,429.91 
n,252.62 
28,461.94 
88,294.25 
15,664.17 
67,958.87 
4,817.64 
29,906.68 
51,687.60 
99,915.29 

171,661.06 
16.699.03 
11,786.01 
68,907.28 
52,971.76 
5,001.45 
15,104.96 
48,588.71 


Acres. 

90,0Sr. 

24,244 

133,167 

18,002 

3,798 
96,510 
18,871 

5,448 
87,744 
118,885 
56,720 
17,226 
28,116 
11,601 
49,997 

8,170 
21,960 
87,912 
78,860 
126,002 
12,261 

8,668 
50,592 
88,892 

8,672 
11,090 
81,968 


6  ^ 


'S'S 


C5   g«  • 

< 


ao 


Acrcp. 


19,640 
43,620 
:>t,440 
17,920 

1,740 

120,9M 

34,560 

8.200 
15,040 
49,240 
18,560 
28,289 
16,000 
10,428 
42,486 

5,700 

56,412 

98,684 

88,280 

198,M0.64 

4,427 
16,828 
26,460 
44,160 

5,(M0 
40,718 

7,680 


Acre«. 


19,640 

48,520 

!M,440 

17,920 

508 

120,284 

84,560 

8,200 

10,880 

82,890 

16,560 

28.289 


6,400 
20,726 

6,020 

56,412 

91,467 

88,280 

162,889.64 

8,006.12 
16,828 
26,460 
44,160 

5,M0 
88,458 

7,680 


§§ 

I' 


Acres. 


1,282 
720 


4,160 
15,860 


16,000 
4,028 

2i,Tao 

80 

2,167 

46.251 
1,420.88 


2,260 


COMMISSIONERS  REPORT. 


41 


TABLE  IV— Continued. 


1 

1 

1 
NAME  OF 

COUNTY. 

Am't  of  origi- 
nal grant  In 
theac  i»evfral 
couutiefl. 

Amount  left  in 
each,  after  de- 
ducting   (pro 
rata)  the  land  B 
need  for  gen- 
eral purposes. 

Acreo. 

Acrcp. 

Lake 

23,146.79 
21,8.%.S1 
15,168.04 
1,B00 
49,1S6.28 

1 
16,994 

16,(V47 

S.980 

1,822 
36,118 

Lap4*fr..   . .   . . 

tLeelanaw 

Lenawee 

ManUtee 

.-S.8    I 


Acres. 


Acres. 


1S,240 

15,860 

61,010 

59,780 

87,600 

37,600 

4,460 

8,820 

80,080 

24,960 

_^^ 

Acres. 

2,880 
1,2«0 

1,160 
5,120 


ERRATA. 
On  page  41,  Sanilac  county  should  read  as  follows 

Sftnilac 148,n8.41  105,668  168,448.60 


OfceoU 

OtUwal 

Otaego 

Pretqne  Isle 

BoMommon 

Saginaw 

SanUM ..... 

6)ilawftiMi«e 

St.  CUIr 

TiuKola 

YanBoren. 

Wexford 


46,490.6S 
24S,950.8« 
86,587.66 

195,650.49 
94,456.96 
66,628.20 

108,778.41 
17,511.85 
28,919.68 

10B,8B$.4S 
27,078.85 
25,&41.79 


»4,lft4 
19,798 
26,868 

14S,6M 
69,852 
49,»42 

196,662 
12,857 
21,288 
79,911 
19,882 
18,827 


2,76C 

55,708.70 

15,860 

88,844 

35,200 

69,718 
158,448.60 

12,160 

87,909 
184,892 

11,620 

16,000 

2,222,666 


88,844 

26,880 

69,718 
168,448.60 

12,160 

87,908 
116,818.06 

11,620 

16,000 


2,160 

8,200 

16,860 


8,820 


19,678.92 


2,004.474.14      218,192.80 


•10,S40  acrea  in  this  county,  on  the  Port  Huron,  Bay  City,  and  Lansing  Road,  were 
osed  on  tbe  Road  in  other  counties,  ai  nothing  was  expended  on  the  road  south  of 
Bt.  Johns. 

tl 7.280  acres  In  this  county,  on  the  Newaygo  and  Northport  Road,  were  all  used  on 
the  road  in  counties  flarther  Honth. 


/ 


40 


SWAMP   LAXl)  STATE   EOAD 


NAME  OF 
COUNTY. 


TABLE    IV. 
(for  lower  peninsula  only.) 


es  CO     M^ 

Acres. 

Acres. 


90,085 


Am't  of  lands 
appropriated 
in    each    Co. 
by  all  existing 
laws. 

Acres. 

19,610 
4S,S2fr 

U.2  *• 


3 


Acre»». 


19,610 


0  O 


r 

4 


Acres. 


Clare^ 

^Clinton 

Crawford 

Eaton 

Emmet. 

G«ne»ee 

Grand  Traverse 

Oratiot /..., 

Qladwin 

Huron 

Ingham 

Ionia- 

loeco- 

leabeUa. 

Jackson 

Kent 

Kalkaska 


77,9M.68 
28,461.94 
88,294.26 
16,664.17 
67,958.87 

4,817.64 
29,908.68 
61,687.00 
99,916.29 
171,661.06 
16.699.03 
11,786.01 
68,907.28 
62,971.76 

6,001.46 
16,104.96 
48,688.71 


o«,no 

17,226 
28,116 
11,601 
49,897 

8,170 
21,969 
87,912 
78,860 
126,062 
12,261 

8,668 
60,692 
88,892 

8,672 
11,090 
81,968 


J9,00V 

JB,O0U 

28,289 

28,289 

16,000 

10,428 

6,400 

42,486 

20,726 

5,700 

6,620 

66,412 

66,412 

98,684 

91,467 

88,260 

88,280 

198,640.61 

162,899.64 

4,427 

8,006.12 

16,828 

16,828 

26,460 

26,460 

44,160 

44,160 

6,040 

6.(V40 

40,718       , 

88,468 

7,680 

7,680 

16,000 

4,028 

21,760 

60 

2,167 

46,261 
1,420.68 


2,260 


commissioner's  report. 


41 


TABLE  IV— Continued. 


NAME  OF 
COUNTY. 


Lake 

Lapeer 

tLeelanaw. . . 

Lenawee 

Maoliptee 

Mason 

MecosU 

MidUnd 

Minnnkee.. 

Monroe 

Montcaloa .. 
Moskcgan^.. 

Newaygo 

Oecftoa 

OaceoU. 

OtUwa! 

Otaego 

PniNiiie  Isle. 
RoacoBUDon . 

Baginaw 

BanlUe....^. 
0hiawas<iee. . 

eu  Clair 

ToMola , 

YanBaren... 
Weiford 


Am't  of  origi- 
nal grant  in 
these  several 
couutlep. 

Amount  left  in 
each,  after  de- 
ducting   (pro 
rata)  the  landa 
used  for  gen- 
eral purpoeee. 

Acre*. 

1 
Acrep. 

23,146.79 

10,994 

21,855.61 

1C,W7 

12.168.04 

^,980 

1 

l.fiOO 

1.822 

49,1S6.28 

0(1,118 

42,493.W 

81,201 

46,814.51 

-14,872 

8:^,988.46 

26,888 

S4,152.«T 

61,786 

4,488.11 

8,292 

48,694.46 

85,752 

48,704.90 

85,760 

78,229.17 

58,766 

48,W7.01 

82,267 

46,490.68 

84,1S4 

26,959.86 

19,798 

86,587.66 

26,868 

195,650.49 

143,6M 

94,456.95 

69,852 

66,528.20 

48,842 

106,778.41 

195,562 

17,511.85 

12,857 

28,919.6« 

21,288 

108,888.48 

79,911 

27,078.85 

19,882 

25,W1.79 
1 

18,827 


Acres. 


18,240 

61,010 

87,600 
4,480 

80,080 

28,480 

58,584 

54,418 

88,400 
9,640 

70,188 

88,291 
120,820 

82,520 
2,76C 

55,708.70 

15,860 

88,844 

85,200 

69,718 
158,448.60 

12,160 

87,909 
184,892 

11,520 

16,000 

2,222,666 


Acrea. 


15,860 
59,780 
87,600 

8,820 
24,960 
28,660 
57,084 
54,418 
88,400 

4,&10 

68,688 

76,411 

107,760 

26,660 


88,844 

26,b80 

69,718 
106,448.60 

12,160 

87,908 
115,818.06 

11,520 

16,000 


2,004,474.14 


4' 


Acrea. 

2,S80 
1,280 

1,160 
5,120 
4,600 
1,500 


5,000 

1,600 

11,880 

12,660 

5,860 

2,160 

8,200 

15,860 

8,820 


19,678.92 


218,192.80 


^,S40  acTM  In  thU  county,  on  the  Port  Hnron,  Bay  City,  and  Lanaing  Road,  were 
Stfj  *Sml*  ^*^       ^         connUea,  aa  nothing  was  expended  on  the  road  aonth  of 

ii^l^^^n^'f^^V^y,'!"'  '''''^^^  "*^  Northport  Road,  were  all  naed  on 


/ 


4^ 


SWAMP   LAND  STATE   ROAD 


TABLE    V. 

Shomngy  by  Jioads  and  Ditdie«,  the  entire  amount  of  Appropriation,  the 
u^Mld  Amount  Paid,  the  Balance  yet  rematninff  Unpaid,  and  the  Amount 
Overpaid  on  each. 


NAME  OF  ROAD. 


Allegan.  Mnekcgon,  and  Tr. 
ttay 


Almont  and  Cass  River. 

Alma  and  Clinton 

AHcgan  and  Lake  8borc. 


Ash  and  French  town,  in  Mon- 
roe County j 

Berlin  and  Georgetown 

Big  Rapids  and  Grand  Rapid^t 

Branch   Road  in  Eaton  and 
Barry  Connties 

Brldgeton  and  Ouceola 

Clio  and  Chesaning 

Capac  and  Clyde 

Capac  and  Clyde  Extenf«ion. . 

Cottonwood  Hwanip 

Cas«  River  and   Wild  Fowl 
Bay ' 

Ca»8  River  and  Bay  City \ 

Crawford's  Quarry | 

Dowaglac  Swamp j 

Duncan,  Alpena  and  Bauble.,  i 

Duncan.  Alpena,  and  Haublt;, 
Extension.'. 

KaHt  Saginaw  and  Sanble < 

East  So^naw  and  Junction..  | 

Emmet  and  Grand  Traven-c. 

Englishville  and  Croton | 

Ferryeburg  and  Black  River. ,' 
.\ct888,  of  1866 ' 

Greenville  and  Bloomer 


Total  amount  of 
Appropriation. 

8227,200  00 
42,400  00 
67.7H)  00 
24,000  00 

2,500  00 
16,400  00 
a6,000  00 

5,085  on 

41,000  00 
0,050  00 

15,tS0  00  / 
6,400  00  i 
6.400  00 

:)3.63.'S  00 

50,S00  00 

5J80  00 

4,000  00 

149,600  001  ; 

18,600  00. 

122,«00  00  [ 

9,200  00  I 

60,800  00  , 

22,400  Oi>     \ 

I 
»,900  00     I 

2,400  00 


Total  amount 
Paid. 

$179,760  06 

42,4«S  4« 

58,M^  9S 

S8  10 


15,660  22  i 
a4.961  Osi 


25,680  00 
6,127  28 

21,50s  90 

2.252  10 

1,870  00 

53,760  62 

91  00 

«,909  97 

152.892  50 

124,984  72 

9,198  00 

61,566  78 

21,287  67 

2,201  12 
1,200  00 


Bal.   remain' 
Ing  Unpaid. 

$47,489  04 

U.195  07 
28,916  90 

2,500  00 
789  78 
1,08$  92 

5,085  00 

15,870  00 

2,922  72 

71  10 

4,147  90 

81,755  00 

89  8S 

5,889  00 

08 

10,^7  50 

7  00 

1,162  88 

99S  83 
1,200  00 


Amount 
Overpaid. 


88  48 


2.684  72 


766  78 


commissioner's  RE1*0RT. 


4:5 


TABLE  V— Continued. 


NAME  OF  KOAD. 


\  I 

ToUilamoanl  of  Total  amount 


Greenville  and  Big  Rapidif. . . 

Grand  Rapidfl  and  Mat»k«^on. 
ActSSS,  of  1&4» 


Genceeeand  Tuecola 

Greenbneh  and  Gratiot 

Hasting  and  Lowell 

Heron  City  and  Bad  Ai 

loota.   Houghton   Lake  and 
Mackinac  


Ithaca  and  St.  Charles 

Ithaca  and  Alma 

Ionia  and  Vermontvlllc 

Ionia  and  8myma 

Ingham  and  Clinton 

Lexington  and  Flint  River.. 

Lake  8hor« 

Lapeer  and  Tn(K;ola 

Manirtee  and  Leeland 

Moekcgon  and  Cedar  springs 
Midland  and  leabella 


Mackinac  and  Lltttle  Trav- 
erse Bay 


Mecoeta  to  Oceana  Co.  Seat.. 

Midland  City^Uonghton  Lake 
andTravcr«c  Bay 

Montcalm  and  Gratiot 

New  Ilaven  and  Fairfield 

Xcwaygo  and  Nortbport 

Kcwaygo  and  Dayton , 

Xcwaygo  and  Dayton  Ext'n.. 

Nanlca  and  Muskegon 

Orid  and  St.  Charles 


Port  Huron,  Bay  City,  and 
Lansing 

Port  Sanilac  and  Tuscola 

Port  Au«Un  and  UnionTlUc . .  1 

Port  Austin  and  Sanilac ' 


Appropriation. 

4.000  00 
7,200  00 

11,000  00 
5,000  00 

17,708  00 

176,000  00 
10,000  00 

6,800  00 
14,400  00 

8,200  00 

5,200  00 
41.600  00 

6,600  00 
SI  ,880  00 
62,200  00 
28,800  00 
21,622  50 

2S,807  50 
8,125  00 

192,800  00 

21,175  00 

5,200  00 

124,450  00 

29,600  00 

7,200  00 

14,400  00 

16,400  00 

160,400  00 
57,215  00 
28,722  00 
80,800  00 


Paid. 


Bal.  remain- 
ing Unpaid. 


Amonnt 
Overpaid. 


84.866  02 

2,808  72 

7,200  00 

13,555  04 

645  50 

58,295  15 
8,254  00 
4,091  66 

14,418  00 
8,882  10 
5,405  50 

41,815  80 
950  00 

14,205  82 

45,189  82 

24,4n  00  ! 

15,964  40  i 

12,287  20 
2,710  08 

136,712  18 

21,&I2  M 

5,200  00 

125,288  71 
ai,969  46 


14,110  50 

161,887  24 

60.211  21 

8,125  00 

78,649  27 


1,101  28 


4,8;>4  50 
17,768  00 

117,704  85 
1,746  00 
2,708  84 


5,650  00 

17,124  18 

17,060  68 

4,328  00 

5,658  10 

16,070  30 
414  97 

56,087  82 


7,200  00 

14,400  00 

2,289  50 


1,955  04 


18  00 
132  10 
205  50 
215  80 


867  r>t 

788  n 
5,369  4rt 


987  24 
2,996  21 


25,597  50 
2,150  78 


44 


SWAMP  LAND  STATE   ROAD 


TABLE  V— Continued. 


NAME  OF  ROAD. 


Port  Hope  and  Wild  Fowl 
Bay 

Portage  River 


Pent  water  and  Newaygo,  Act 
175,  of  1863 


Sanilac  and  Huron. 


St.  LonlsandPine  River,  Act 
98,  of  ises-. 


Saginaw  and  Gratiot. 


Saginaw,   Uratiot,  and    Ne- 
waygo„ 


Total  amount  of 
Appropriation. 


Saginaw  City  and  Owobso... 

Sand  Beach  and  Bay  City 

Sanilac  and  Bay 

Saugatnck  and  Overeisel 

Shiawassee  Road,  Act  80,  of 
lMi5 


Snmmerfield  and  State  Line 
(in  Monroe  Co.),  Act  217,  of 

isei 


Taacola  and  Saginaw  Bay 

Vienna  and    State  Line  (in 
Monroe  Co.).  Act  817,  of  '61 

White  Rock  and  Bingham  .. 

White  Lake  and  Big  Rapids.. 


$29,600  00 
6,800  00 

10,000  00 
57,600  00 

4,000  00 
27,467  50 

48,000  00 
2»).400  00    i 
60,600  00 
28,457  50 
6,400  00 

SOO  00 

2,500  00 
32,200  00 

2,500  00 
24,000  00 
^,876  00 


Total  amount 
Paid. 


$2,640,921  52 


Bal.    remain- 
ing Unpaid. 


7  00 
0,408  06 

8,455  55 
43,310  28 

3,121  63 
26,650  «S 

21,966  25 
24,727  27 
8o,lS8  80 
23,272  91 


300  00 

2,500  00 
14,455  91 

2,657  00 
18,850  66 
82,262  20 


$2,024,648  46 


29,598  00 


l.&M  44 
14,2S9  72 

878  82 
817  12 

26,038  75 
8,672  78 

15,411  70 
5,184  59 
6,400  00 


Amount 
Overpaid. 


17,744  09 


108  06 


57  00 

10,640  14 

12,612  80 

$682,908  10 

$16,685  (H 

COMMlSSIOifER'S  REPORT. 


45 


TABLE  V— Continued. 

DITCHB8. 


NAME  OF  DITCH,  ETC. 


Ditch  In 

North  Shore  Ditcb - 

3(apl«  to  Bad  R!vcr  Ditch,.. 

Ditch  in 

Of nnan- American    Christian 
Benevolent  Ag'l  Society.... 

River Dn  Fll  Improvement.. 

Delhi  Ditches 

AorelinB  Ditches 

Rogae River  improvement... 

Belle  River  Improvement 

Imky  and  Miussey  Ditchei>. . . 

Flat  River  Improvement 

Moekegon  FUta  Imp 

Ditch  In 

Bridge  over  Muskegon  River 

Black  Lake  Harbor  Imp 

Mishtegay  Ditch 

Black  River  Ditch 

Hk  Creek  Ditch. 

Wpky  Ditch 

Antrim  Ditch 

Xosaey  Ditch 

Akron  Ditch 

Geneva  and  Sag.  Bay  Ditch. . 


Connty. 


Bay 

Clinton . 
Gratiot.. 
GcncBco. 


Huron 

Huron 

Ingham 

Ingham.. 

Kent  and    ) 
Newaygo    j 

Lapeer 

Lapeer  and  l 
St.  Clair     f 


Montcalm 

and 
MecoBta 


"[ 


Mnskegon  . . . 

Monroe 

Newaygo 

Ottawa. 

Saginaw 

Sanilac 

Sanilac. 

Sanilac 

Shiawassee .. 

St  Clair 

Tuscola 

Tuscola 


'  1>otalorRoadfl. 


Onod  total. 


Total  amount 
of  Appropri- 
ation. 


S  6,910  00 
1,682  50 
5,000  00 
2,500  00 

c,oio  eo 

4,000  00 
600  00 
2,500  00 
8,750  00 
1,600  00 
l,9n50 

8,750  00 

18,913  66 
8,750  00 
4,900  00 

14,085  87 
5,507  50 
4,800  00 

19,510  75 

16,400  00 
2,500  00 
8,750  00 
6,469  10 
4,000  00 

$188,067  68 
2,610,880  50 


$2,778,408  18 


Total  amount 
Paid. 


$6,510  00 
1,632  50 
5,000  00 
2,600  00 

5,010  80 

4,000  00 

500  00 

5TO  12 

8,750  00 

l,8n60 


4,276  88 

San  47 
6,462  60 
5,507  50 
4,800  00 
19,510  75 
11,200  00 
2,500  00 
8,750  00 
4,145  00 


$96,669  62 
2,019,852  34 


$2,116,041  86 


Balance 

remaining 

Unpaid. 


$1,920  83 


1,600  00 


8,750  00 

9,687  23 
8,750  00 
1,622  58 
7,578  27 


5,200  00 


2,824  10 
4,000  00 

$11,878  06 
688,204  82 

$679.682  88 


46 


SWAMP  LAND   STATE   ROAD 


TABLE  V— Continued. 

UPPER   PENINSULA. 


NAME  OF  ROAD. 


tion. 


Bay  DcNocand  OrccnBay 

Bridge  over  Meuomincc  River 

Chocola  and  Negaaneo — estimated.. 

Deer  Creek  and  Menominee  Marble 
Quarry 

Ishpcming  and  New  England  Mine.. 

Keweenaw  Bay— estimated 

L*  AnseBay  and  State  IJno 

Mackinaw  and  Delta^-efitlmated 

Marquette  and  Bay  DeNoc .. 

Mineral  Range  and  £xten9ion5> 

Marquette  and  Mineral  Range 

Ontonagon  and  State  Lino 

Ontonagon  and  Montreal  River 

Portage  River  and  Torch  Lake 

St.  Mary'H  River  and  Mackinaw 

Sanlt  Ste.  Marie  and  Grand  Island.. 

Troy  and  Southport 

WlsconHlu  and  Lake  Superior 

Wisconsin  and  Lake  Superior  Ext'n 

Winona  and  Franklin 

Total 


8119,790  50 ) 

V 

10,000  00  t 
•2O,S00  00 

71,000  00 
12,600  00 
88,200  00 

1»4,400  00 

2^,000  00 
11,4CS  65 

201,600  00 
24,000  03 
83,000  00 
97,100  00 
11,200  00 
88,000  00 

20S,000  00 
24,000  00 

iai,400  00 

22,580  00 
19,200  00 


$1,687,029  15 


Paid. 


$119.4!1C  9« 


47,286  SO 

10.W4  25 

8  50 

11,469  65 

49,528  61 

4,900  00 

l,6fl2  44 

12,100  97 

31,996  77 


'^o°f^ADDiSSJ£^  Total  amount  Bal.   remaining: 
orAppropna-i         p„,^  Unpaid. 

$I0,JMS  57 

20.500  OU 

71,000  Oi' 

12,S00  00 

;i5,968  14 

128,755  75 

255,996  50 

158,076  49 
19,200  00 
86,811?  56  ' 
«4,999  0$ 
11,200  00 
56,003  23 

208,000  00 

24,000  00  ' 

S7,000  00 

9,787  75 

19,200  00 


47,400  00 
12,^42  25 


$84S,186  18 


11,239,898  02 


NoTB.— The  Cbicago  and  Northwestern  RaOroad  Company  has  received  patents  fox 
66488.26  acres :  has  reserved  74,997.81  acres. 
The  Peninsular  Railroad  Company  has  reserved  1.872.88  acrcf>. 


ch>mmissioner'8  report. 


4T 


TABLE  VI. 

SHOWING  by  Boadu,  DUchef^,  etc.,  the  number  of  mUe^  of  each  under 
Contract,  the  Contrart  Price,  and  the  Amount  Paid  thereon ^  teith  the 
Balance  yet  Unpaid. 


NAME  OF  ROADS. 
DITCHES,  ETC. 


Allegmn,  MankegoQ,  and  Trav.  Bay 

Alk>j;an  and  Lake  Shore 

Alma  and  Clinton 

Capac  and  Clyde  Extension 

Ca»i  River  and  Bay  City 

Caas  River  and  tVild  Fowl  Bay. . . . ! 

Cottonwood  Swamp 

Duncan,  Alpena,  and  Sanble 

Dnncan,  Alpenn,  and  Sanblo  Ext*n 

Bait  Saginaw  and  Sanble 

Enron  City  and  Bad  Ax. 


Ionia,  Houghton  Lake,  and  Mack- 
inac  


Lapeer  and  Tnscola. . . 
ManlHtcx*  and  Lceland. 


Midland,    Honghton    Lake,    and 
Traverse  Bay 

Mldkmd  and  Inbella. 

Moikegon  and  Cedar  SprlngK 

Ovid  and  St.  Charles 

Port  Hope  and  Wild  Fowl  Bay.... 

Port  Huron,  Bay  City,  and  Lan- 
ring. , 

Saginaw,  Gratiot,  and  Newaygo... 

Sanilac  and  Bay 

Sanilac  and  Huron 

Saugatuck  and  Overelsel 

Toaeola  and  Saginaw  Bay 

White  Rock  and  Bingham 


No  of  milo« 
under  con- 
tract. 


CI 
10 

C  IGO 
IS  120 
19      8 

11 
16 

5  160 
14 

44  2S0 

S  192 

40  2&i 

W  215 

4 

7  240 
15  186 

7  160 

•2 

20 

15    SO 
24  160 

8 

2  140 

2 


Contract 
Price. 


$59,070  00 
22,800  00 
86,990  00 
6,400  00 
32,288  75 
2S,582  40 
8,900  00 
32,050  00 
i     12,865  00 
25,900  00 
17,768  75 

42,725  00 

S,300  00 

41,190  S8 

72,754  50 

5,297  50 

14,781  25 

16,200  00 

9,000  00 


464    10 


3,200  00 

22,750  00 

18,560  60 

24,075  00 

6,400  00 

8,000  00 

2,400  00 

$562,284  43 


Am*t  Paid. 


$22,888  00 

25,082  43 
8,800  00 

27,184  87 
1,870  00 
2,000  00 

21,605  00 

5.799  00 
20,000  00 
18,800  00 

8,025  00 

1,^(0  00 

J}2,070  04 

80,748  50 

875  00 

10*400  00 

18,970  00 

3,040  00 

2,625  00 

11,719  20 

19,695  00 

1,280  00 

1.800  00 


Balance. 


$275,910  54 


$36,732  0» 

22,800  00 

11,897  57 

2,600  00 

5,099  88 

26,712  40 

1,900  01^ 

10,445  00 

6,567  00 

5,900  00 

4,468  7:v 

89,700  00 
6,960  00 
9,120  79 

42,011  OO 
4,422  50 
4,881  25 
2,280  00 
8,000  00 

160  OO 
20,125  00 
l,&il  80 
4,480  00 
6,400  00 
1,720  00 
600  00 


$286,878  94 


48 


SWAMP  LAND   STATE   ROAD 


TABLE  VI— Continued. 

DITCHES. 


NAME  OF  BOADS. 
DITCHES,  ETC. 


Ripley  Ditch. 
Akron  Ditch. 


No.  of  miles 
ander  con- 
tract. 


5  111 
2  315 


Contract 
Price. 


Am't  Paid. 


Balance. 


8  109 


$5,200  00 
2,824  10 

$7,524  10 


UPPER  PENINSULA. 


Bay  Dc  Noc  and  Green  Bay 

L*  Anee  Bay  and  State  Line 

Mineral  Range 

6t  Mary's  River  and  Mackinac 

Wisconeln  and  Lake  Superior 

Wisconein  and  Lake  Snperior  Ex. 


19 
29 

4 

5 

40 

14 

86 

111 

S6 

$6,200  00 
2.824  10 


$7,024  10 


$80,400  00 

$27,500  00 

$2,900  00 

46,783  94 

6,400  00 

40,388  94 

6,400  00 

8.100  00 

8,800  00 

S,000  00 

8,200  00 

4,600  00 

63,000  00 

47.400  00 

15,600  00 

22,560  00 

11,290  00 

11,290  00 

$177,118  94 

$99,890  OD 

$78,328  94 

00MMI88I0KEK'8  BEPOBT.  40 


BALANCE  SHEET  FOB  LOWEB  PENINSULA. 


Stcamp  Laiid  Fund  in  account  with  the  State  of  Michigan. 

CBEDIT.  Acres. 

By  ewamp  and  overflowed  lands  granted  to  the  State  by  act  of  CongreBS.. 8,160,61 6.21 
By  net  amonnt  collected  by  S.  L.  S.  B.  Commissioner  for  trespass  on  tbese 

lands,  of  $5,501  60,  equal  to 4,401.28 

By  cash  collected  for  extra  work  done  in  the  Boad  Office,  and  paid  into  the 

Treasury  to  the  credit  of  the  ftind,  |50  00,  equal  to 40.00 

8,164,957.49 

DEBIT.  Acres. 

To  amount  of  appropriations  for  roads,  etc.,  as  per  Table  8 8,289,666 

To  amount  of  appropriations  for  general  purposes,  and  not  in* 

duded  in  said  Table,  as  follows,  viz.:  Acres. 

Lands  given  to  Agricultural  College  by  act  81,  of  1868     6,881.40 
Lands  given  to  Primary  School  Fund,  by  act  168,  of 

18»_ 11,228.70 

•Bal.  of  200,000  acres  for  Ditches,  by  act  107,  of  1861. 140,874.60 
Lands  donated  to  Qerman-Amerlcan  Seminary,  by  act 

175,  of  1861 25,000 

Lands  patented  as  homesteads,  sec  8,  act  81,  of  1858, 

and  amendments 61,997.75 

Lands  licensed  for  homesteads,  sec.  8,  act  81,  of  1858, 

and  amendments 96,517.68 

Lands  sold  for  cash  (in  excess  of  cash  paid  on  roads)  818,128.55 
tSxpenses  of  State  Boad  Office  from  1867  ($17,878  06), 

equal  to 18,898.45 

Estimated  amount  necessary  to  cover  surveys,  adver- 
tising, local  and  special  Commissioners*  salaries, 

damages  for  right  of  way,  etc 120,000.00 

794,026.48 

8,016,692.4a 

Allowing  in  the  ftind,  over  all  appropriations,  only  a  balance  of  about. . .    148,266.01 


^ot  yet  used  by  Board. 

tA  part  of  this  is  properly  chargeable  to  the  Upper  Peninsula,  but  cannot  well  be 
separated. 

If  to  the  above  we  add  the  "  Indemnity  Lands"  [See  report 
of  Commissioner  of  Land  OfBce],  18,823.93  acres,  it  will 
increase  this  balance  to  167,008.94  acres. 

7 


50  8WAMP  LAKD  STATE  ROAD  COMMISSIONER'S  REPORT. 

In  this  statement,  no  credit  has  been  given  for  lands  that 
have  reverted  to  the  State  on  forfeiture,  for  non-payment  of 
interest  These  must  amount  to  several  thousand  acres,  and 
may  increase  this  balance  to  nearly  200,000  acres ;  an  amount, 
in  my  judgment,  not  sufficient  to  compensate  for  the  portion 
of  this  Swamp  Land  Grant  that  is  and  must  continue 
worthless. 

The  foregoing  calculations  and  tables  have  all  been  made  on 
the  basis  of  a  minimum  price  of  $1  26  per  acre. 

The  idea  has  been  put  fbrth  by  some,  that  the  lands  thus  ftur 
disposed  of  have  netted  considerably  above  that ;  but  reference 
to  the  report  of  the  Commissioner  of  the  Land  Office  for  1867 
shows  there  had  then  been  sold  142,433.31  acres  for  $112,685  78, 
an  average  of  about  79  cents  per  acre,  causing  a  loss  of 
$65,355  85,  from  a  minimum  of  $1  25;  and  it  is  doubtful 
whether  the  sales  since  then  have  gone  enough  above  that 
minimum  to  more  than  make  up  that  loss. 

Others  have  supposed  there  must  be  a  large  amount  of  cash 
on  hand  to  the  credit  of  this  fund,  from  the  cash  sales,  but  the 
Auditor  General's  forthcoming  report  shows  that  considerably 
more  than  $200,000  have  already  gone  into  the  Primary  School 
Fund,  under  Sec  5,  Act  31,  of  1858,  which  section  is  held  by 
the  Supreme  Court  to  be  still  operative  to  carry  one-half  of 
the  cash  receipts  to  the  Primary  School  Fund,  and  the  same 
section  seems  to  hold  the  balance  to  retire  the  State  indebt- 
edness. 


APPENDIX. 


On  a  pretty  thorough/examination  of  the  books  in  the  State 
Land  Office,  it  has  been  ascertained  that  much  of  the  land 
jtanted  for  roads  and  other  purposes  by  special  acts,  had  been 
conveyed  without  being  put  through  the  books  of  the  Auditor 
Creneral ;  hence,  none  of  the  Tables  in  his  reports  have  ever 
embraced  these  amounts.  I  think  it  a  matter  of  serious  regret 
ibat  any  lands  should  ever  have  passed  from  the  State  except 
in  the  usual  way,  so  that  the  Auditor's  books  would  be  ootti- 
petent  to  show  the  condition  of  each  fund  fully.  The  follow- 
ing are  the  exceptions  above  referred  to,  that  have  now  been 
found : 

LOWER  PENINSULA. 


Fob  Statk  Roads  and  a  Ditch. 


Botd  from  Mecosta  to  Oceana  Co.  Seat— Act  254,  of  1868 

Peatwater  and  Newaygo  Road— Act  175,  of  1868 

Lake  Shore  Road— Act  180,  of  1868 

Orand  Bapida  and  Mnsk^on  Road— Act  288,  of  1868 

Road  fh>m  Ferrysbargh  to  month  of  Black  Creek— Act  888, 
of  1865 

To  Genesee  Co.,  for  a  Ditch  in  said  County— Act  87,  of  1668.. 

mSOELLANXOUS. 

ToAgricaltnral  College— Act  81,  of  1868 

Harbor  at  North  Black  Lake,  Ottawa  Co.— Act  168,  of  1860, 
and  amendments 

Transferred  to  Pimary  School  Land»— Act  168,  of  1859 

Ocnnan  American  Seminary,  Detroit— Act  175,  of  1861 

M Q8ka;on    Plata  Improvement    C'  Beard  claim  **)  —  Joint 
ResoIadonNo.  8,  of  1864,  and  amendments 

German  Christian  Agricultural  and  Benevolent  Society— Act 
4S»,of  1867 

To  township  of  Delhi  for  Diteh— Act  511,  of  1867 

All  Landa  Patented  as  Homesteads— Act  229,  of  1859,  and 
ameDdments 


ACBXS. 


2,660.08 

6,764.44 

760.00 

2,818.98 

1,760.90 
1,987.62 

6,881.40 


AjfOITNT. 


$8,826  04 

8,456  65 

960  00 

2,898  72 

2,201  12 
2,484  52 

8,601  75 


6,170.08 

6,462  60 

8,870.80 

4,218  60- 

24,998.92 

81,248  65 

8,421.10 

4,276  88 

4,0n.77 

5,097  21 

400.00 

500  00 

61,077.76 

76,847  19 

125,649.79 

$157,062  2S 

62  APPBKDIX. 

UPPER   PENINSULA. 

MlBOVLLANEOUB. 

All  Lands  Patented  for  Homesteada— Act  229,  of  1869,  and 
amendments 

To  Chicago  and  Northweatern  Railroad  Co.— Act  206,  of  1861 

To  Honghton  Co.  on  Mineral  Range  State  Road— Act  289,  of 
1868,  and  amendments 

*To  Houghton  Co.  on  Mineral  Range  State  Road— Act  289,  of 
1868,  and  amendments 


AORBS. 


685.96 
66,178.26 

11,275.72 

12.847.60 


90,882.48 


Amount. 


I782U 
82,716  67 

14,094  66 

16,069  88 


$118,608  04 


*The  patents  for  thia  last  item  have  not  been  delivered,  a  question  of  law  having 
heen  raised  and  carried  to  the  Supreme  Coart,  where  it  is  still  pending. 


RECORD    OF    PROCEEDINGS 


BOARD    OF    (JONTKOL     " 


State  Swamp  Land  Roads 


STA.TK    OF    MICHIGAN. 


1»07 1S70. 


BY    AUTHORITY. 


LANSING: 
W.  S.  GEORGE  4  CO.,  PRINTERS  TO  THE  STATE. 

18T«. 


REPORT. 


STATE  DEPARTMENT,  MICHIGAN. 

Secretary's  Office,       ) 
Laimn^y  December  5,  1870.  j 

To  the  Legislature  of  MicMqan  : 

I  have  the  honor  herewith  to  transmit  the  pro- 
ceedings of  the  Board  of  Control  of  State  Swamj) 
Land  Roads,  ft*om  January  1st,  1 867,  to  Deeemher 
iBt,  1870. 

Verj'  respectfully, 

O,  L.  SPAULDING, 

Secretary. 


0  PROCEEDINGS   OF  THE 

the  limits  of  the  City  of  Port  Huron,  be  discontinued,  and 
that  it  be  located  on  the  route  oa  shown  by  the  map  and  field 
notes  this  day  filed  in  the  office  of  the  Commissioner  of  the 
fjand  Oftico. 

.Jcrlinttd  KERLIN    AND   GEORGETOWN   STATE   ROAD. 

».ieorgetown 

On  the  recommendation  of  the  Commissioner,  it  was  ordered 
that  the  contracts  of  John  Haire,  Hiram  Jennison,  Ammi 
Bumham,  and  Ira  6.  Burnham  be  extended  for  one  month, 
to  wit:  from  January  Ist  to  January  31st,  1867. 
Akron  Ditch  On  the  recommciidation  of  the  Commissioner,  it  was  ordered 
that  the  contracts  of  Charles  Curtis,  John  S.  Coy,  and  J.  A. 
Crowell,  on  the  Akron  Ditch,  be  extended  to  January  1st, 
1868,  on  their  executing  and  filing  new  lx)nd8  for  the  due 
completion  of  their  contracts. 

AUeffftD,  ALLEGAN,   MTSKEGON,   AND  TRAVERSE   BAY   STATE   UOAD. 

MatKegoD, 

erseB»y.  The  accouut  of  T.  W.  White,  Commissioner,  of  $28,  was 
received  and  allowed  by  the  Board  at  $19,  to  be  paid  on  his 
furnishing  to  the  Secretarj'  of  the  Board  sulwouchers  for 
moneys  disbursed  bv  him. 

Port  Austin  I'ORT   AUSTIN   AND   SANILAC   STATE    ROAD. 

Mid  Sanilac. 

The  account  of  Watson  Beach,  Commissioner,  of  $165, 
was  received,  and  ordered  to  lie  on  the  table,  and  that  the  Sec- 
retary of  the  Board  call  upon  him  to  furnish  such  vouchers 
for  his  c^i  disbursements  as  are  shown  in  his  account. 

White  Rock  WHITE    ROCK    AND    BINGHAM    STATE   ROAD, 

and  Bin^r- 

On  the  recommendation  of  the  Commissioner,  it  was  ordered 
that  the  contract  of  John  C.  Allen  be  extended  to  January 
Ist,  1868,  on  his  renewing  his  bond  for  the  due  performance 
of  his  contract. 


STATE   SWAMP   LAND    BOAKD.  7 

PORT   HUROX.    HAY   CITY,   AND   LANSlKG   STATE   ROAD.  Port  Hopoo. 

BavCity, 

The  application  of  James  Russell,  a  contractor  on  said  road, ""  i^'*"?- 
for  the  acceptance  of  certain  contracts  claimed  by  him  to  have 
been  completed,  was  received  and  referred  to  the  Secretary  of 
the  Board  to  obtain  further  proofs. 

CLINTON    AND   GRATIOT   COUNTY    DITCH.  CUntonaDil 

Gratiot. 

On  the  recommendation  of  the  Commissioner  the  contract 
of  Mr.  Peacock  was  extended  to  January  Ist,  1868,  on  his 
renewing  his  bond. 

PORT   SANILAC    AND   TLSCOLA    STATE    ROAD.  Port  SanUac 

and  Toseola. 


The  bond  of  Daniel  O.  Wilder,  Commissioner,  was  received 
and  approved  by  the  Board. 

EAST  SAGINAW    AND  JUNCTION   STATE   ROAD.  Kaat Sagi- 

naw uDd 

The  following  accounts  were  received  and  laid  on  the  table, 
viz: 

Account  of  S.  R.  Kirby,  late  Commissioner $166  34 

**   S.  C.  Munson,  Commissioner 103  00 

On  motion,  the  Board  adjourned. 


\ 


SECOND  MEETING. 

Lanxing^  February  15.  1807. 


The  Board  met. 

There  were  present, 

Hon.  Henry  H.  Crapo,  (iovernor, 

Hon.  E.  0.  Grosvenor,  State  Treasurer, 

Hon.  Wm.  Humphrey,  Auditor  General, 

Hon.  W.  L.  Stoughton,  Attorney  General, 

Hon.  O.  L.  Spaulding,  Secretary  of  State. 


H  PBOCEEDIXOS   OF  THE 

8agiMw  Md     On  recommcndatiou  of  Henry  A.  Xewton,  Conunissioner  of 

Gratiot.  ,^ 

Saginaw  and  Gratiot  State  Road,  the  contracts  of  S.  W.  King, 
R.  G.  niUjer,  W.  K  Burt,  Henry  Weaver,  A.  Wendall,  G.  F. 
Williams,  and  Jas.  Garget,  were  extended  to  January  Ist,  1868. 

Duncan,  Al-  DUNCAN,  ALPENA,   AND   SAl'BLE   KIVER   STATE   UOAD. 

pen*,  and 
Hauble  Eivcr 

On  the  recommendation  of  the  Governor,  the  contract  of 
Wm.  S.  Patrick  was  extended  to  Febrnarv  20th,  1867. 

EABtSaei-  EAST   SAGINAW    AND   JUNCTION   STATE   ItOAD. 

nawand 

The  account  of  S.  C.  Mnnson  was  taken  np  and  allowed  at 
sixtv-fonr  dollars. 

On  the  recommendation  of  S.  C.  Mnnson,  Conimissiouer, 
the  contract  of  Richard  Talbot  was  extended  to  Jnlv  lst,186T, 
on  his  renewing  his  bond  for  the  completion  of  his  contract. 

Midland  ami  MIDLAND    AND   ISABELLA   STATE   ROAD. 

FeabclU. 

Application  being  made  by  Irving  E.  Arnold,  a  contractor 
upon  this  road,  for  an  extension  of  his  contract  to  January- 
1st,  1868,  it  was  ordered  that  his  request  be  granted  on  his 
filing  with  the  Secretary  of  the  Board  the  recommendation  of 
the  Commissioner,  and  renewing  his  bond  for  'the  completion 
of  his  contract. 

t 

ronUand  IONIA    AND   VER310NTVILLE   STATE   KOAD. 

Vermont- 
Application  was  made  verbally  by  lion.  H.  Rich  that  the 
terms  of  the  contract  of  himself  and  co-contractors  might  be 
modified  to  comply  with  a  verbal  arrangement  claimed  to  have 
been  made  by  said  contractors  with  the  Commissioner  at  the  time 
of  signing  the  contract,  to  the  effect  that  the  road  was  not  to  be 
cleared  to  a  greater  width  than  the  road  bed  in  those  places 
where  crosswavs  were  to  1x5  made:  also  for  an  extension  of 
contract. 
On  motion,  the  application  for  a  modification  of  the  con- 


STATE   SWAMP   LAND   BOAUD.  9 

tract  was  laid  upon  the  table,  jind  the  contract  extended  to 
December  Slst,  1867. 

ALMONT   AND   CASS   RIVER  STATE    ROAD.  AJmontand 

C'ftM  rirer. 

On  the  ^commendation  of  the  Governor,  the  contract  of 
Joseph  Tucker  was  extended  to  January  Ist,  1868,  on  his 
renewing  his  bond  for  the  completion  of  the  work. 

PORT    lU'RON,    BAY   CITY,   AND   LANSING   STATE   ROAD.  Port  Huron. 

BajrCltj. 

On  the  recommendation  of  the  Secretary  of  State,  the  con-""^^"^- 
tract  of  Wm.  J.  Barron,  Jr.,  and  Eber  B.  Stiles,  was  extended 
to  January  Ist,  1868,  on  their  renewing  their  bond  for  the 
completion  of  the  contract. 

On  motion,  the  Board  adjourned. 


THIRD   MEETING. 

TMfisingy  March  25^  1S67. 

The  Board  met  at  10  o'clock  a.  m. 

There  were  present. 

Hon.  H.  H.  Crapo,  Governor, 

Hon.  E.  0.  Qrosvenor,  State  Treasurer, 

Hon.  W.  L.  Stoughton,  Attorney  General, 

Hon.  0.  li.  Spaulding,  Secretary  of  State. 

NEWAYGO   AND   NORTHPORT  STATE   ROAD.  Ncwmrffo 

and  Vorth- 

On  the  recommendation  of  Milo  \yhite,  Commissioner  of  p**'*- 
this  road,  the  contract  of  E.  Ij.  Gray  was  extended  to  the  Slst 
day  of  December,  1867,  on  his  executing  a  new  bond. 

NEWAYGO   AND   DAYTON   STATE  ROAD.  Kew»™ 

and  u^jrioo. 

On  the  recommendation  of  Melvin  W.  Scott,  Commissioner, 
the  contract  of  E.  L.  Gray  was  extended  to  December  31st, 


10  ,  PKOCEEDINGS   OF  THE 

1867,  on  his  executing  a  new  bond  for  the  performance  of  his 
contract. 

New  Haven  NEW    IIAVEX    AND   FAIRFIELD   STATE   UOAD. 

and  Fair- 
field. 

On  the  recommendation  of  Wm.  Oaks,  Commissioner,  the 
time  for  completion  wafi  extended  to  December  Ist,  1867. 

Yleniiato      STATE    ROAD    RUiTNING    FROM    VIENNA,   IN    THE    COUNTY   OF 
fltate  Uae. 

MONROE,   SOUTH  TO  THE  STATE   LINE. 

Bond  of  R.  M.  Brigham,  Commissioner,  was  received  and 
approved. 


Port  Huron,  PORT  HURON,  BAY    CITY,  AND  L.VNSING   STATE   ROAD. 

BaTCitjr. 

andliansiDgr. 

The  communication  of  F.  D.  Weller,  relative  to  the  contract 

of  James  Russell,  was  received  and  referred,  together  with  the 

petition  of  said  Russell,  to  the  S.  L.  S.  R.  Commissioner. 

Ditch  peu-       The  petition  of  John  M.  Roe  and  one  hundred  and  four 

ties  of  sani-  others,  residents  of  Sanilac,  St  Clair,  and  Lapeer  counties, 

lac.8t  Clair,  '  '  r 

and  Lapeer,  askiug  ail  appropriation  of  a  section  of  land  per  mile  for  the 
purpose  of  constructing  a  ditch  in  said  counties,  was  received 
and  laid  on  the  table,  and  the  Secretary  of  the  Board  was 
instructed  to  require  the  petitioners  to  procure  a  survey  of  the 
proposed  ditch,  and  a  map  of  the  lands  to  be  benefited  by  said 
ditch,  showing  the  location  and  extent  of  the  swamps,  and 
present  the  same  to  this  Board;  also  to  furnish  the  Board 
the  amount  of  fall,  and  other  information  necessary  to  enable 
them  to  determine  the  necessity  and  utility  of  such  proposed 
ditch. 

Almontand  ALMONT  AND  CASS   RIVER  STATE   ROAD. 

C*aM  RiTor. 

The  account  of  J.  C.  Emory,  Commissioner,  was  receiveil 
and  allowed  at  one  hundred  and  eleven  dollars. 


STATE  SWAMP   LAND   BOARD.  11 


LEXINGTON   AND  FLINT   RIVER  STATE   ROAD.  Lextaflrton 

taArOnt 

KiVAF 

The  account  of  Charles  Ballad,  Commissioner,  was  received 


and  allowed  at  fifty-one  dollars  and  ninety-five  cents. 
On  motion,  the  Board  adjourned. 


FOURTH  MEETING. 

Lansing,  July  S,  1867. 

The  Board  met. 
There  were  present, 
Hon.  Wm.  Humphrey,  Auditor  General, 
Hon.  Benj.  D.  Pritchard,  Com'r  of  State  Land  Office, 
Hon.  O.  L.  Spaulding,  Secretary  of  State. 
There  not  being  a  quorum  present,  the  Board  adjourned  to 
July  30th,  at  10  o'clock  a.  m. 


FIFTH    MEETING. 

Lansing,  July  SO,  1867. 

The  Board  met  at  the  office  of  the  Secretary  of  State. 
Present : 

Hon.  Benj.  D.  Pritchard,  Commissioner  Land  Office, 
Hon.  Wm.  Humphrey,  Auditor  General, 
Hon.  W.  L.  Stoughton,  Attorney  General, 
Hon.  0.  L.  Spanlding,  Secretary  of  State. 
On  motion, 

Hon.  B.  D.  Pritchard  was  elected  chairman,  pro  iem. 
The  communication  of  C.  B.  Cottrel,  Commissioner  on  the  p^^  ^^,y„ 
Port  Austin  and  Sanilac  State  Road,  with  reference  to  the'"'^^***' 


1*^  PKOCEEDINGS  OF  THE 

length  of  the  road,  was  received  and  referred  to  the  Hwamp 
Ijand  State  Road  Commissioner. 

The  communication  of  Thomas  Munger,  contractor  on  the 
State  road  in  the  big  marsh  in  Shiawassee  county,  was  receired 
and  referred  to  the  S.  L.  S.  R.  Commissioner. 

.  A  petition  of  sundry  citizens  of  Gratiot  county,  for  a  road 
through  swamps  in  township  eleven  (11)  north,  of  range  three 
(3)  west,  and  an  appropriation  of  swamp  lands  for  the  same, 
was  received  and  referred  to  the  8.  L.  S.  R.  Commissioner, 
r^hinwwjftco  A  petition  of  sundry  citizens  of  Shiawassee  county,  for  an 
Ditch.  appropriation  of  two  thousand  acres  of  swamp  land  to  con- 
struct the  ditch  known  as  "Angle  Ditch,"  was  received  and 
referred  to  the  S.  L.  S.  R.  (/ommissioner. 

Lapeorwia  LAPEER   AND   TUSCOLA    STATE    KOAl). 

Tuscola. 

On  the  recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S.  R.  Commissioner,  it 
was  ordered  that  Hiram  Curtis^  the  contractor  on  this  road,  be 
paid  twelve  hundred  and  fifty  dollars  ($1,250)  per  mile  on  his 
contract,  payable  in  swamp  lands,  said  amount  to  apply  on  the 
contract  price  for  constructing  the  road. 

Capacaml  (JAPAC    AND   CLYDE   STATE   KOAD. 

<.lydc.     ' 

The  acceptance  by  the  Local  Commissioner  of  the  fifth, 
sixth,  seventh,  eighth,  ninth,  fifteenth,  sixteenth,  seventeenth, 
and  fraction  of  the  eighteenth  miles  of  said  road,  was  approved. 

Ingham  and  INGHAM  AND   CLINTON   STATE    UOAD. 

<llnton. 

The  acceptance  by  the  Local  Commissioner  of  the  con- 
tract of  C.  C.  Darling  and  Jackson  Everett  w^as  approved  (two 
hundred  and  eighty-five  rods  of  the  south  end). 

Newavgo  NEWAYGO   AND    DAYTON   STATE   ROAD, 

rmd  Dayton. 

The  acceptance  by  the  Local  Commissioner  of  thC'  con- 
tract of  B.  L.  Gray,  of  eighty  rods  of  crossway,  Was  approved. 


STATE   SWAMP   LAND    BOARD.  lo 

MIDLAND    AND    ISABELLA    STATE     UOAD.  MldUmd  and 

Isabella. 

The  contracts  of  John  Ijarkin  on  the  eleventh  and  twelfth 
miles  of  this  road  were  extended  to  November  1st,  1807,  on  the 
recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S.  R.  Commigjioner,  said  Larkin 
to  procure  the  written  assent  of  the  sureties  to  said  extension. 

BRIDGTON    AND   0S(  EOLA    STATE    ROAD.  llrtdBton 

and  Oaccola. 

The  acceptance  by  the  Local  Commissioner  of  two  miles 
of  the  contract  of  Henrv  Monroe  and  James  Crofoot  was 
approval. 

LEXINGTON    AND   FLINT   RIVER   STATE   ROAD.  iSpCt" 

Ulvcr. 

The  acceptance  by  the  Local  Commissioner  of  one  mile 
and  thirty  rods  of  the  contract  of  John  Wilson  was  approved. 

IMPROVEMENT     OF     THE     UABBOR     AT     THE     MOUTH     OF    THE  River  Ihi 

FIl. 
RIVER   DU   FIL. 

The  acceptance  by  the  Local  Commissioner  of  the  con- 
tract of  John  C.  Liken,  for  improvement  of  harbor,  was 
approve<l. 

DUNCAN,  ALPENA,   AND   SAUBLE    RIVER  STATE    ROAD.  Duncan,  A r 

pena,  and 

The  ac»count  of  J.  B.  Tuttle,  as  Commissioner  on  the  north  biT^r. 
division  of  said  road,  was  allowed  at  eighty-one  dollars. 

ALLEGAN,   MUSKEGON;   AND  TRAVERSE   BAY    STATE    ROAD.       Allocaa, 

MusKflffon. 

The  acceptance  by   the   Local  Commissioner  of  the  tirst  JJi^*  Ba>r 
and  second  miles  of  the  contract  of  S»  C.  Hall  was  approved. 
The  Board  hereupon  adjourned- until  to-morrow  morning. 


H  PR0CBBDIKG8  OP  THK 


SIXTH  MEETING. 

Lansing,  Juty  31,  1867, 

The  Board  met  at  the  office  of  the  Secretary  of  Stato. 

Present : 

Hon.  Henry  H.  Crapo,  Governor, 

Hon.  E.  0.  Grosvenor,  State  Treasurer,     ' 

Hon.  W.  L.  Stoughton,  Attorney  General.. 

Hon.  Benj.  D.  Pritchard,  Com'r  Land  Office, 

Hon.  Wm.  Humphrey,  Auditor  General, 

Hon.  0.  L.  Spaulding,  Secretary  of  Stiite. 

Mackinaw  MACKINAC   AND   DELTA   STATE  BOAD. 

and  Delta. 

The  bond  of  Thomas  J.  Streeter,  Commissioner  on  this  road, 
was  approved. 

Huron  City  HURON   CITY    AND   BAD   AX   STATE   KOAD. 

and  Bad  Ax. 

The  bond  of  Jeremiah  Ludington,  Commissioner  on  this 
road,  was  approved. 

Hanilacand  SANILAC   AND  HURON   STATE   ROAD. 

Hnron. 

The  bond  of  George  Skene,  Local  Commissioner  on  the 
section  of  said  road  lying  in  Huron  county,  was  approved. 

Mineral  MINERAL   RANGE  STATE  ROAD. 

Ranfre. 

The  bond  of  Daniel  D.  Brockway,  Commissioner,  was 
approved. 

Midland,        MIDLAND,     HOUGHTON     LAKE,     AND     GRAND    TRAVERSE     BAY 
HooghtoD 

^Oi.*nd  STATE   ROAD. 

Grand 

TraTorso. 

The  bond  of  D.  C.  Leach,  Commissioner  on  the  western 
division,  was  approved. 

The  bond  of  John  Larkin,  Commissioner  on  the  eastern 
division,  was  approved. 


STATE   SWAMP   LAND   BOARD.  15 

IMPBOVEMENT   OF   FLAT   RIVEU.  Flat  Klvor. 

The  bond  of  Daniel  C  More,  Commissioner^  was  approved. 

EAST   SAGINAW   AND  JUNCTION  STATE   ROAD.  EmISmI- 

naw  Aod 
Junction. 

The  bond  of  Samuel  C.  Munson,  Commissioner,  was  approved. 

AKRON     DITCH.  Akron  Ditch 

The  bond  of  Joseph  A.  Crowell,  Commissioner,  was  approved. 

DEER   CREEK  AND   MENOMINEE  MARBLE  QUARRY  STATE   ROAD.  Doer  Creek 

ood  Menom- 
inee Marble 

The  bond  of  Eleazer  S.  Ingalls,  Commissioner,  was  approved.  Quarry. 

(^APAC    AND   CLYDE   STATE   ROAD.  Capac  and 

(lydc. 

The  bond  of  Aaron  B.  Rawles,  Commissioner,  was  approved. 
On  motion,  the  following  form  of  acceptance  by  T^cal  Com- 
missioners was  adopted,  viz : 

ACCEPTANCE   BY    LOCAL  COMMISSIONER.  Form  of 

acceptance. 

STATE  OF  MICHIGAN, 

County 


'^'  \  - 


being  duly  sworn,  deposes  and  says 

that  he  is  the  Local  Commissioner  on 

Swamp  Land  State  Road,  and  that  he  has  personally  examined 

the  job  let  to as  per  contract  No 

on  the  said  road,  from to 

being miles  of  said  Boad,  and  that  he  has 

fonnd of  said  job  fully 

completed  in  a  good,  workmanlike  manner ;  that  the  material 
used,  and  all  parts  of  the  work,  are  in  accordance  with  the 
specifications  of  said  contract ;  and  that  he  has  accepted  the 
sjune^  subject  to  the  approval  of  the  Swamp  Land  State  Road 
Commissioner  and  Board  of  Control. 


Local  Commissioner. 


16  PItOCEEDlXGS   OF  THE 

Sworn  to  and  subscribed  before  me,  this day  of 

186... 


On  motion,  the  following  form  of  certifioate  for  S.  Ti.  S.  H. 
Commissioner  was  adopted,  viz : 

lJjlJS<Sit<'.        Swamp  Land  State  Egad  Commissioner's  Office,  i 

Lanning^  Mich.,- ..180..      \ 

To  the  Auditor  0 enteral  of  the  State  of  Michigan  : 

I  hereby  certify  that 

(.•ontraotor  on  tlie Swamp  T^and 

State  Road,  ha fully  completed miles  of 

said  road  from to 

according  to  the  specifications  of contract,  numbered 

and  that  the  work  has  been  duly  accej^ted  and 

approved,  entitling to  your  w  armnt  for  ^ 

to  be  paid  in  State  Swamp  Lands  in 

at  $L25  \)er  acre,  according  to  the  terms  of  said  contract  and 
the  laws  applicable  to  said  road. 
Given  under  my  hand  and  seal,  at  Lansing,  on  the  day  and 
vcar  above  written. 


(\)}nmtiisi07ier. 


J^uor        Received   of    the   Auditor  General,  a   warrant    upon    the 

warrant.      Treasurer  of  the  State  of  Michigan,  for  the  sum  of 

dollars  and t»ents,  in  full  of  the  above. 


I^jmsing, 180 


Knunetand  EMMET   AND   (HtAXD  TRAVERSE   STATE   ROAD. 

Grand  Trav- 

"^-  The  account  of  Ij.  R.  Smith,  Commissioner,  was  allowetl  at 


live  hundred  and  fourteen  dollars, 


STATE  SWAMP  LAND   BOARD.  17 

EXGLISnVILLE   AND   CROTON   STATE   ROAD.  EMUiliTUJe 

and  Croton. 

It  having  been  represented  to  the  Board  that  the  contract 
of  Mr,  Orton,  a  former  contractor,  was  accepted  some  years 
ago  by  Joshua  Mills,  the  Commissioner  on  said  road,  and  pay-  ^ 
ment  made  to  said  Orton,  and  that  no  part  of  the  contract  had 
been  performed,  it  was  ordered  that  the  Attorney  General 
be  instructed  to  investigate  the  facts  of  the  c^ise  and  institute 
the  proper  legal  proceedings  against  said  Orton  and  said  Mills, 
in  cfise  he  fiud3  said  representations  to  be  true. 

CAPAC    AND  CLYDE  STATE   ROAD.  i ap«c  tnJ 

Cfyde. 

On  the  recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S.  R.  Commissioner, 
the  contract  of  John  Phelps  is  extended  to  December  1st, 
1867;  said  Phelps  to  obtain  the  written  consent  of  his  sure- 
ties to  said  extension. 

CASS   RIVER   AND   BAY   CITY   STATE   ROAD.  Cms  River 

and  Bay 

On  the  recommendation  of  the  S.  h,  S.  B.  Commissioner'^*^' 
and  at  the  request  of  the  contractor,  the  contract  of  Wm.  H. 
Hinton  was  canceled. 

H.  C.  Marvin,  Local  Commissioner,  having  asked  that  changes 
be  made  in  the  route  specified  in  the  contract  of  J.  P.  Willey, 
it  was  ordered  that  the  matter  be  referred  to  the  S.  L.  S.  R. 
Commissioner  to  investigate,  with  power  to  make  such  changes 
as  he  mav  deem  best.  ^  ' 

MIDLAND   AND    ISABELLA    STATE    ROAD.  Midland  ond 

iMbtUa. 

On  the  recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S.  B.  Commissioner, 
the  contract  of  John  A.  Hursh  is  extended  to  November  1st, 
1867,  said  Hursh  to  obtain  the  written  assent  of  his  surety  to 
«aid  extension. 

ALMONT   AND  CASS    RIVER  STATE   ROAD.  Almontaad 

Cast  Rtrer. 

On  the  recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S.  R.  Commissioner, 
the  contract  of  Reuben  Fletcher,  assigned  to  John  C.  Emerv, 

3  '  ^ 


18  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE 

was  extended  to  November  1st,  1867,  on  condition  of  obtaining 
written  assent  of  his  sureties  to  said  extension. 

Vewmo  NEWAYGO   AND   DAYTON    STATE   ROAD, 

and  Dajton. 

On  the  recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S.  E.  Commissioner, 
the  contract  of  Cameron  &  Cavemy  was  extended  to  October 
Ist,  1867,  on  condition  of  obtaining  the  written  assent  of  their 
sureties  to  said  extension. 

The3oard  hereupon  adjourned. 


SEVENTH  MEETING. 

Lansing y  August  28,  1867. 

The  Board  met  at  the  office  of  the  Secretarv  of  State  at  9 
o'clock  A.  M. 
Present : 

Hon.  E.  0.  Grosvenor,  State  Treasurer, 
Hon.  Wm.  Humphrey,  Auditor  General, 
Hon.  B.  p.  Pritchard,  Commissioner  Land  Office, 
Hon.  0.  L.  Spaulding,  Secretary  of  State. 
On  motion. 
Hon.  B.  D.  Pritchard  was  chosen  chairman  pro  tern, 

Berlin  and  BEKLIX   AND  JAMESTOWN   STATE   ROAD. 

JamMtown. 

The  application  of  Harris  &  Pelton,  contractors,  for  exten- 
sion of  time  for  the  completion  of  their  contract,  was  received, 
and,  on  motion,  referred  to  the  S.  L.  S.  R.  Commissioner. 

White  Uike  WHITE   LAKE   AND   BIO   RAPIDS  STATE   ROAD, 

snd  Big 

The  bond  of  Wm.  S.  Utley,  Commissioner,  was  approved. 


STATK   SWAMP   LAND  BOARD.  19 

DUNCAN,  ALPENA,  AND  SAUBLE   RIVER  STATE   ROAD.  Djuicwi, 

'  ^  Atpena  and 

{?auble  Blrer 

The  bond  of  Edward  B.  Chamberlain,  Commissioner,  was    • 
approved. 

SAGINAW   CITY    AND  OWOSSO  STATE   ROAD.  cSj^d 

Owosao. 

The  bond  of  Abel  A.  Brockway,  Commissioner,  was 
approved. 

NEWAYGO   AND   DAYTON  STATE   ROAD.  ^^75^?^ 

and  Dayton. 

The  acceptance  by  the  Local  Commissioner  of  the  con- 
tract of  G.  R.  Cameron  and  Peter  Carney,  assigned  to  Edgar 
L.  Gray,  of  3  157-320  miles,  from  the  west  side  of  section 
sixteen  (16)  to  the  north-west  comer  of  section  six  (6),  in 
T.  12  N.,  of  R.  13  W.,  was  approved. 

The  acceptance  by  the  Local  Commissioner  of  3  225-320 
miles  of  the  contract  of  John  W.  Rochester  and  Edgar  L. 
Gray,  for  cutting  out  and  logging  out,  was  approved. 

The  acceptance  by  the  Local  Commissioner  of  twelve 
rods  of  flattened  timber  causeway,  and  sixty-one  rods  of  rail 
causeway,  of  the  contract  of  John  W.  Rochester  and  Edgar  L. 
Gray,  was  approved. 

The  acceptance  by  the  Local  Commissioner  of  3  504-1000 
miles  of  the  contract  of  John  W.  Rochester  and  Edgar 
L.  Gray,  for  stumping,  ditching,  and  grading  from  a  point 
46.17  chains  from  the  southern  terminus  of  said  road,  and 
running  from  thence  to  the  old  Newaygo  and  Fremont  State 
Road,  to  the  west  side  of  section  16,  T.  12  N.,  of  R,  13  W.,  was 
approved. 

ENGLISH VILLE   AND  CROTON   STATE   ROAD.  Knffltohvllla 

^  anaCroton. 

The  acceptance  by  the  Local  Commissioner  of  one-half 
mile  of  the  contract  of  William  A.  Watrous,  running  northerly 
from  the  five-mile  stake,  was  approved. 


20  PROCEEDIKGS  OF  THE 


Port  Huron,  PORT     IIUUOX,      BAY      CITY,     AND     LANSING     STATE     KOA: 
Bav  City,  ' 

«ndLaB»inff.  2D  DIVISION. 

Tlie  acceptance  by  the  Local  Commissioner  of  sections 
tive,  six,  seven,  and  ciglit  of  the  contract  of  R.  G.  Hillyer,  fonr 
miles,  was  appro  veil. 

Grocnvillc  (iREENVILLE   AND   BIG    RAPIDS   STATE   ROAD. 

and  Bi^ 

R»pkl». 


The  acceptance  by  the  Local  Commissioner  of  two  mile^ 
of  the  contract  of  J.  B.  Barr,  running  from  the  south-east 
corner  of  section  22  to  north-east  corner  of  same  section  ; 
also  from  the  quarter  post  on  east  side  of  section  15,  to  north- 
east corner  of  same  section  ;  also  160  rods  in  north-west  direc- 
tion on  section  10,  all  in  T.  11  N.,  of  R  8  W.,  was  approved. 

The  acceptance  hy  the  Local  Commissioner  of  327  rods 
of  the  contract  of  J.  B.  Ban*  was  approved. 

BlgRapldn  BIG    RAPIDS   AND   GRAND    RAPIDS   STATE    ROAD. 

MM  Grand 

R»plds. 

The  acceptance  by  the  Local  Commissioner  of  one  mik- 
of  the  conti*act  of  Nelson  Ganong  was  approved. 

The  acceptance  by  the  Jx>cal  Commissioner  of  sections 
seven  and  eight,  being  two  miles  of  the  contract  of  George* 
French,  was  approved. 

Ainu  and  ALMA   AND   CLINTON   STATE   ROAD. 

Clinton. 

The  acceptance  by  the  Local  Commissioner  of  one  half 
(i)  mile  of  the  contract  of  Cordis  Smith  was  approved. 

The  acceptance  by  the  Local  Commissioner  of  eighty  (80) 
rods  of  the  contract  of  George  W.  Kimball,  being  that  part  com- 
mencing at  the  quarter  post  between  sections  two  and  three  of 
town  13  N.,  of  range  4  AV.,  and  running  south  on  the  section 
line  eighty  rods,  was  approved. 

The  acceptance  by  the  Local  Commissioner  of  eighty  (80) 
rods  of  the  contract  of  David  Caswell,  from  the  north-west 


STATE   SWAMP   LAND   BOARD. 


21 


comer  of  section  11,  in  T.  13  N.,  of  R  4  \V.,  running  south  on 
the  section  lijie  eighty  rods,  was  approved. 

The  acceptance  by  the  Local  Commissioner  of  one  half 
mile  of  the  contract  of  Milton  Bradley,  from  the  quarter  post 
between  sections  eleven  (11)  and  fourteen  (14),  in  T.  13  N.,  of 
\L  4  W-,  running  east  on  the  section  line  one  half  mile,  was 
approved. 

The  acceptance  by  the  Local  Commissioner  of  one  half 
mile  of  the  contract  of  David  Holland,  from  the  quarter  post 
between  sections  twelve  (12)  and  thirteen  (13)  in  T.  13  N.,  of 
IL  4  W.,  running  west  on  section  line  one  half  mile,  was  approved. 

On  motion,  the  Board  adjourned. 


EIGHTH  MEETING. 

Lansinffj  October  ^,  1807, 

The  Board  met  at  the  office  of  tlie  Secretary  of  State. 

Present: 

Hon.  B.  D.  Pritchard,  Com'r  State  Land  Office, 

Hon.  K  O.  Groffsenor,  State  Treasurer, 

Hon.  Wm.  Humphrey,  Auditor  General, 

Hon.  0.  L.  Spaulding,  Secretary  of  State. 

On  motion, 

Hon.  B.  D.  Pritchard   was  chosen  Chairman  pro  teffi, 

OXTONAGOX  AKD  MONTREAL  RIVER  STATE  ROAD. 

The  bond  of  Daniel  Beaser,  Commissioner,  was  approved. 


ODtODagOM 

and  Montreal 
Rircr. 


lOXIA,  HOUGHTON  LAKE,  AND  MACKINAC  STATE  ROAD.  j^n,^ 

Houghton 
Ijake  and 

The    bond    of   William    Broomfield,    Commissioner,    was^"^^^^*- 
approved. 


22  FKOCBBDINGS  OF  THE 

Tuicolaand  TUSCOLA   AND  SAGINAW   BAY   STATE    BOAD. 

Saginaw  Bay 

The  bond  of  Orin  G.  Gibbs,  Commissioner,  was  apprprod. 

OntonagoD  ONTONAGON   AND  STATE   LINE  STATE   ROAD. 

and  State 

Line. 

The  bond  of  Daniel  Beaser,  Commissioner,  was  approved. 

Midland  and  MIDLAND   AND    ISABELLA    STATE   ROAD. 

iMbella. 

The-  contract  of  Samuel  Smith  for  building  a  bridge  over 
the  Chippewa  river,  dated  the  fourth  day  of  May,  1863,  was 
canceled  on  the  recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S.  B.  Com- 
missioner. 

On  the  recommendation  of  the  8.  L.  S.  R.  Commissioner, 
the  following  acceptances  of  contracts  by  Local  Commissioners 
were  approved : 

ha^nawand  SAGINAW  AND  GRATIOT  STATE  ROAD. 

C2ratlot 

The  contract  of  George  F.  Williams  &  Brother,  from  section 
stake  No.  twenty-six  (26)  to  section  stake  No.  twenty-seven  (27). 

West  DiTii-  ^'EST     DIVISION     OP     LEXINGTON    AND     FLINT     RIVER    STATE 

Ion  of  Lex-  wn  a  t> 

inffton  and  HUAI^. 

FUnt  river. 

The  contract  of  John  Wilson,  from  70  rods  north  of  east 
quarter  post  of  section  one  (1),  in  town  eight  (8)  north,  of 
range  ten  (10)  east,  to  south-east  pai*t  of  section  twelve  (12), 
in  said  town. 

Almontand  ALMONTAND   CASS    RIVER  STATE   ROAD. 

C'a««  riTer. 

The  contmct  of  Jerome  B.  Potter,  assignee  of  Charles  Cook, 
from  S.  W.  corner  of  section  16,  town  9  N.,  of  range  12,  east, 
to  a  point  2f  miles  soutli. 

The  contract  of  Jeptha  Tucker,  from  N.  E.  corner  of  section 
34  to  the  south  line  of  said  section. 

The  completion  of  tlie  contract  of  William  L.  Abbott. 


STATE  SWAMP  LAND   BOAKD.  23 

The  completion  of  the  contract  of  Hugh  McKenzie. 

The  contract  of  Andrew  McAlpine  from  the  quarter  post 
between  sections  two  and  three  to  the  quarter  post  between  sec- 
tions ten  and  eleven,  in  T.  seven  (7)  north,  of  range  twelve 
(12)  E.,  being  one  mile. 

The  contract  of  John  Abbott,  from  section  thirty-three  (33), 
on  township  line  between  Bumside  and  Goodland,  two  miles 
east 

The  completion  of  the  contract  of  Alexander  Newman. 

MINERAL   RANGE  STATE   ROAD.  MlnonU 

R«nf«. 

The  contract  of  Keweenaw  county  from  the  36th  mile  post 
to  the  middle  of  the  37th  mile. 

SANILAC   AND   BAY   STATE   ROAD.  bJ5?^  "*" 

The  contract  of  James  J.  McCormick  of  243  rods  of  east 
end  of  contract. 
The  completion  of  the  contract  of  George  Bellamy. 

The  petition  of  John  McBae  and  others,  of  Sanilac  county, 
for  an  appropriation  of  swamp  land  for  the  purpose  of  con- 
structing a  ditch  through  said  county,  was  referred  to  the 
S.  L.  S.  R.  Commissioner. 

(;LINT0N   county   ditch.  CUnton- 

ConntT 
Ditch. 

On  motion,  it  was 

Resolvedf  That  so  much  of  the  action  of  the  Board  of  Jan- 
nary  3d,  1866,  as  fixes  the  dimensions  of  this  ditch  be 
rescinded. 

On  motion,  it  was 

Resolved,  That  5  3-5  additional  acres  of  swamp  land  ba 
appropriated  for  the  purpose  of  building  said  ditch. 

On  motion,  the  Board  adjourned. 


24  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE 


NINTH  MEETING. 

Lmmng^  October  SO,  1867. 

The  Board  met  at  the  office  of  the  Secretary  of  State. 
Present : 

Hon.  Henry  H.  Crapo,  Governor, 
Hon.  B.  D.  Pritchard,  ComT  State  Land  Office, 
Hon.  Wm.  L.  Stoughton,  Attorney  General, 
Hon.  K  0.  Grosvenor,  State  Treasurer. 
On  motion,  Hon.  E.  0.  Grosvenor  Avas  elected  Secretarv 
pro  tern, 

Second dl-     SECOXD   DIVISION  OF   PORT  HURON,  RAY    CITY,  AND   LANSING 

▼iston  of 

Fori  Huron.  STATE  ROAD. 

B»y  City, 

and  Ltnsingr 

The  following  acceptances  of  contracts  by  Local  Commis- 
sioners was  approved  on  recommendation  of  tlie  S.  L.  S.  R. 
Commissioner: 

The  contract  of  James  Russell  for  sections  seventeen  and 
eighteen. 

The  contract  of  Peter  Gruet  for  one  mile,  section  forty-two. 

The  contract  of  Richai*d  G.  Hillver  for  three  miles,  sections 
one,  two,  and  three. 

The  contract  of  Benson  B.  Bailv  for  four  miles,  sections 
thirty-eight,  thirth-nine,  forty,  and  forty-one. 

Tlie  contract  of  John  Jeffrey  for  one  mile,  section  ten  (10). 
'  The  contract  of  Bancroft.  &  Stvles  entire,  150  rods. 

SanlUcand  SAXILAC    AND   HURON  STATE   ROAD. 

Huron. 

On  the  recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S.  R.  Commissioner, 
the  following  acceptances  of  contracts  by  Loc^al  Commissioner? 
was  approved. 

The  contract  of  K  and  J.  Erskinc  for  three  miles,  beinfr 
sections  19,  20,  and  21. 


STATE  SWAMP   LAND   BOARD.  ^O 

The  contract  of  Alfred  Gunning  for  two  miles,  l)eing 
i^ections  34  and  35. 

The  contract  of  Joseph  lleathcoat  for  three  miles,  \mug 
i^ections  23,  24,  and  25. 

The  contract  of  Peter  Jennett  for  two  miles,  being  sections  1 
and  5,  contract  No.  1. 

The  contract  of  E.  ai)d  J.  Erskine,  No.  4,  for  one  mile. 

The  contract  of  Morris  Cocoman,  No.  G,  for  two  miles, 
being  sections  29  and  30. 

The  contract  of  Albert  Pack,  No.  2,  for  three  miles  and  258 
rods,  being  sections  8,  9, 10,  and  11. 

The  contract  of  Peter  Jennett,  No.  1,  for  three  miles,  being 
stx»tions  2,  3,  and  4. 

The  contract  of  Arthur  Carson,  for  three  miles,  being  sec- 
tions 12,  13,  and  14. 

On  the  recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S.  R.  Commissioner, 
the  following  acceptances  of  contracts  by  Local  Commis- 
sioners were  approved : 

lonU, 
IONIA,   norOHTON   LAKE,   AND  MACKINAC  STATE   ROAD.        Houghton 

Lake  and 
Mackinar. 

The  contract  of  Giles  Gilbert,  entire.     ^ 

THE  EXTENSION   OF   PORT  AUSTIN  AND   SANILAC  STATE  KOAD.  Extension 

of  Port  Ann- 
tin  and  ifan- 

Thc  contract  of  Peter  Jennett  for  three  and  one-half  miles,  ^^^' 
being  sections  5,  6,  7,  and  8,  except  north  half  of  section  7. 

The  contract  of  John  Cole,  No.  11,  for  three  and  three- 
fourths  miles,  being  sections  9,  11,  12,  and  three-fourths  of 
thirteen. 


PORT  HURON,   BAY   CITY,  AND   LANSING  STATE  ROAD.  Port  Hnron, 

BaTCtty, 
and  Lanslnr' 

The  contract  of  James  Bussell,  entire  one  mile. 


26  PROCEEDINGS   OF  THE 

White  Bock  WHITE  BOCB  AND  BINGHAM  STATE  ROAD, 

and  Bing- 
ham. 

The  conti*act  of  John  C.  Allen,  No.  2,  for  two  miles,  being 
sections  seven  and  eight. 

.ertfnand  BERLIN   AND   GEORGETOWN  STATE  ftOAD. 

Jcorgetown 

The  contract  of  M.  &  V.  Harris  for  two  and  seven-eighths 
miles,  being  the  entire  contract. 

The  contract  of  Rowland  Pelton,  No.  2,  for  two  and  one- 
half  miles,  being  the  whole  of  the  contract. 

The  contract  of  Miner  Hedges,  No.  1,  for  one  and  one-half 
miles,  being  the  whole  of  said  contract,  except  forty  or  fifty 
rods  of  fence  to  be  removed. 

<ire«nviU«'  (JREENVILLE   AND  BIG   RAPIDS  STATE   ROAD, 

and  BifT 

'  The  contract  of  J.  B.  Barr,  for  five  hnndrcd  and  twenty-four 

rods,  being  the  whole  of  the  contract. 

On  motion  of  Hon.  Wm.  L.  Stoughton,  the  following  reso- 
lution was  adopted : 

Resolved,  That  the  S.  L.  S.  R.  contrtict  made  by  Thomas 
Stevenson,  acting  as  Commissioner  on  the  Sanilac  and  Bay 
State  road  with  James  J.  McCormick,  not  being  approved  by 
the  Governor,  and  a  question  having  arisen  in  relation  to  tho 
location  of  the  said  road  within  the  corporate  limits  of  the 
village  of  Portsmouth,  be  and  the  same  is  hereby  declared 
inoperative  and  null  and  void  so  far  as  any  part  of  the  said 
road  lies  or  runs  within  the  village  of  Portsmouth,  and  that 
the  payments  made  on  said  road,  outside  of  the  said  corporate 
limits,  be  ratified  and  confirmed. 

It  appearing  to  the  satisfaction  of  the  Board,  that  there 
existed  a  clerical  error  in  the  contract  made  with  John  Abbott 
for  constructing  two  miles  of  Swamp  Land  State  Boad, 
on  the  Almont  and  Cass  Eiver  State  Road,  whereby  it  was 
agreed  that  the  said  John  Abbott  should  be  entitled  to  two 
sections  for  the  two  miles  of  road  instead  of  two  sections  to 
the  mile :  it  was 


STATE  SWAMP  LAND   BOARD.  2t 

Ordered^  That  said  contract  should  be  so  construed  as  to 
eatitle  said  contractor  to  two  (2)  sections  per  mile. 

PORT  AUSTIN    AND   SAKILAC   STATE  ROAD.  ^®Il^?***» 

and  8«nllftc. 

The  account  of  Watson  Beach,  Local   Commissioner,  was 
allowed  at  one  hundred  and  sixty-five  dollars  and  sixty  cents. 

SAKILAC   AND   HURON   STATE   ROAD.  SaalUe  and 

UnroD. 

The  account  of  Charles  Decker,  Local  Commissioner,  was 
allowed  at  two  hundred  and  sixty  dollars  and  sixty  cents. 
Whereupon,  the  Board  adjourned. 


TENTH  MEETING. 

Lansing,  November  SiS,  1867, 

The  Board  met  at  the  office  of  the  Secretary  of  State. 

Present: 

Hon.  B.  D.  Pritchard,  ComT  State  Land  Office, 

Hon.  E.  0.  Grosvenor,  State  Treasurer, 

Hon.  Wm.  Humphrey,  Auditor  General, 

Hon-  O.  L.  Spaulding,  Secretary  of  State. 

On  motion, 

Hon.  B.  D.  Pritchard  was  chosen  Chairman  pro  tern.  * 

ALMA   AND   CLINTON   STATE   ROAD.  Alm*»nd 

CUnton. 

The  following  acceptances  of  contracts  by  Ijocal  Commis- 
sioners were  approved  on  the  recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S. 
R.  Commissioner : 

The  contract  of  James  Kress,  in  full. 

The  contract  of  S.  Moodv,  in  full. 


W  PBOCEEDINOS  OF  THE 

The  contniet  of  Jacob  Holmes,  in  full. 
The  contract  of  J.  Q.  A,  Johnson,  in  full,  No.  21. 
The  contract  of  Albert  A.  Preston,  in  ftill. 
The  contract  of  Wni.  B.  Hoag,  in  full. 
The  contract  of  J.  Berger,  in  full. 
The  contract  of  L.  G.  White,  in  full. 
The  contract  of  J.  J.  Sandall,  in  full. 
The  contract  of  L.  G.  White,  in  full. 
The  contract  of  Alfred  Willey,  in  full. 
The  contract  of  Aaron  Wessells  and  Thomas  Campbell,  in 
full. 
The  contract  of  J.  Q.  A.  Johnson,  in  full.  No.  46. 
The  contract  of  J.  Bamhart,  in  full. 
The  contract  of  J.  B.  Allen,  in  full. 
The  contract  of  E.  P.  Plowman,  in  full. 
The  contract  of  Jesse  Hutchinson,  in  full. 
The  contract  of  James  Campbell,  in  full. 
The  contract  of  Stephen  Thomas,  in  full. 
The  contract  of  John  W.  Doan,  in  full.  No.  14. 
The  contract  of  Samuel  AVoodworth,  in  full. 
The  contract  of  John  Thomas,  in  full. 
The  contract  of  J,  Tompkins,  in  full. 
The  contract  of  John  AV.  Doan,  in  full,  No.  15. 
The  contract  of  J.  &  J.  Bowers,  in  ftill. 
The  contract  of  David  Bailey,  in  full. 
The  contract  of  E.  H.  Brooks,  in  full. 
The  contract  of  L.  H.  Parsons,  in  full. 

lth«{ta«nd  ITHACA    AND   ALMA   STATE   UOAD. 

Aim  A. 

The  following  acceptances  of  contracts  by  Local  CommiB- 
sioners,  on  the  Ithaca  and  Alma  State  road,  were  approved  on 
the  recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S.  R.  Commissioner: 

The  contract  of  C.  Hubbard,  in  full. 

The  contract  of  Edgar  J.  Young,  in  full. 

The  contract  of  Francis  Nelson,  in  full. 


STATE  SWAMP   LAND   BOARD.  *  -^9 

SAGINAW,  GHATIOT,   AND   NEWAYGO   STATE   UOAD.  Saglaaw, 

Gratiot  and 
Sevtuygo. 

The  following  acceptances  by  Local  Commissioners  of  con- 
tracts on  the  Saginaw,  Gratiot,  and  Newaygo  State  road,  were 
approved  on  the  recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S.  R.  Commis- 
sioner: 

The  contract  of  Uamilton  Pritchard,  in  full. 

The  contract  of  Solomon  Lapangh,  in  full. 

The  contract  of  Ira  Amsbury,  in  full. 

The  contract  of  N.  P.  Watts,  in  full. 

The  contract  of  Edwin  Adams,  in  full. 

The  contract  of  Moulton  &  Sweeting,  in  full. 

The  contract  of  Josiah  F.  Lathrop,  in  full. 

The  contract  of  G.  E.  Kress,  in  full. 

The  contract  of  Wm.  Tefey,  in  full. 

Also  the  following  acceptances  by  Local  Commissioners  of  East  Di?i». 

ioDPort  Htt- 

contracts  in  the  Eastern  Division  of  the  Port  Huron,  Bay  ron.  Bay 

"^  city  ana 

City,  and  Lansing  State  road,  were  approved :  Lansinp. 

The  contract  of  Elias  Steele,  from  the  fifty-eightli  to  the 
tifty-ninth  mile  stake. 

The  contract  of  Elias  Steele,  for  the  fourth  quarter  of  the 
fifty-eighth  mile ;  the  first  three-fourths  of  the  fifty-fifth  mile, 
and  the  fourth  quarter  of  the  fifty-fourth  mile. 

The  contract  of  Elias  Steele,  for  the  sixtieth  section. 

Also  the  following  acceptance  by  the  Local  Commissioner,  woat  Divi^- 

^  1  11  -I...  Aii-rvi   t-r  T^       ion  Port  Ho- 

of  a  contract  on  the  western  division  of  the  Port  Iluron,  Bay  ron.  Bay 

City  and 

City,  and  Lansing  State  j*oad,  was  approved :  iMM\ng. 

The  contract  of  R.  G.  Ilillyer,  from  section  post  No.  3,  to 
section  i)ost  No.  4. 

The  following  acceptances  by  Local  Commissioners  of  con- 
tracts on  different  roads,  were  approved  on  the  recommendation 
of  the  S.  L.  S.  R.  Commissioner : 

CAPAC   AND   CLYDE   STATE   ROAD.  Capac  and 

invd*. 

The  contract  of  John  Phelps,  for  two  miles. 


30  PKOCEEDINGS  OF   THE 

*^«^"f^  **^KT  SANILAC   AND  TUSCOLA  STATE   BOAD. 

and  Tnsooki. 

Tlie  contract  of  Martin  Moore,  from  poet  No.  14,  to  post 
No.  2U. 

The  contract  of  David  M.  Black,  for  one  mile,  nnder  con- 
tract No.  14. 

The  contract  of  Wm.  A.  lleartt,  for  one  mile,  nnder  con- 
tract No.  T. 

Tu«coU  and  TUSCOLA    AND   SACUNAW    BAY   bTATE  KOAD. 

RofrinawBay 

The  contract  of  William  Wills,  from  mile  stake  No.  12^,  to 
mile  stake  No.  13^,  and  from  mile  stake  No.  144,  to  mile  stake 
No.  15i 

The  contract  of  Phillip  Housinger,  from  mile  stake  No.  15^. 
to  mile  stake  No.  lfl|. 

^T?^^  NEWAYGO   AND    DAYTON    STATE    KOAD. 

and  Dayton. 

The  contract  of  Edgar  L.  Gray,  for  cross- waying  172^  rods. 

The  contract  of  Edgar  I..  Gray  &  John  W.  Rochester,  for 
cutting  ont  four  rods  wide,  and  clearing  two  rods  wide,  of  three 
miles  of  said  road,  commencing  eighty  rods  sonth  of  the  N.  E. 
comer  of  Sec.  18,  T.  15  N.,  of  R.  14  W. 

N«w«7ifo  NEWAYGO   AND   NOKTHPORT  STATE    ROAD. 

No 


and  North 
port 


The  contract  of  Edgar  L.  Gray,  of  ten  miles  from  the  IS.  W. 
comer  of  Sec.  31,  in  township  15  N.,  of  R.  11  W.,  to  the  S.  W. 
corner  of  Sec.  18,  in  T.  16  N.,  of  R..11  W. 

The  contra<*t  of  Edgar  L.  Gray,  of  two  and  one-half  mile« 
from  S.  W.  corner  of  Sec.  18,  in  township  14  N.,  of  R.  11  W., 
to  the  W.  quarter  stake  of  Sec.  0,  in  said  township. 

The  contract  of  J.  M.  Cook  &  Co.,  for  building  a  bridge  over 
Pine  river,  and  "l  miles  of  road,  one  mile  each  side  of  Pine 
river. 


STATE  SWAMP  LAND    BOAUD.  31 

SANILAC    AND   HURON   STATE   ROAD.  JiuiUmjtnd 

The  contract  of  Albert  Pack,  of  the  seventh  section  of  said 
road. 

BRIDGTON    AND    OSCEOLA    STATE    ROAD.  Bridffeton 

nod  Osc^oU. 

The  contract  of  Duncan  McLellan,  of  fire  miles. 
The  contract  of  Harvey  Monroe  and  James  Crofoot,  for  the 
north  five,  and  south  three  miles. 

DITCU   IN   SANILAC   COUNTY.  ^hii" 

county. 

The  contract  of  Orwin  Adams,  of  the  eighth,  ninth,  and 
tenth  miles. 

The  account  of  J.  C.  Waterburj',  Special  Agent,  was  allowe<l 
at  nine  dollars,  and  ordered  paid  in  Swamp  Land. 

ALLEGAN,   MUSKEGON,   AND    TRAVERSE   BAY   STATE  ROAD.       AHearaa, 

Maske^on, 
and  Tray- 

The  account  of  Wm.  L.  Sprague,  Local  Commissioner,  was®"*'^^- 
allowed  at  ninety-nine  dollars,  and  ordered  paid  in  Swamp 
Land. 

DITCH    FROM    MAPLE   RIVER    TO    BAD    RIVER.  Ditch  iVoin 

Maple  rirer 


The  bond  of  James  Russell  was  approved. 


Maple  1 
to  Bad 


rlTor. 


GENESEE   AND    TUSCOLA   STATE   ROAD.  Gw»e«»  and 

Tu9oola. 

The  bond  of  Paschal  Richardson  was  approved. 

PORT  HURON,   BAY    CITY,   AND   LANSING   STATE   ROAD.  Port  Huron, 

BajCity 

On  the  recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S.  R,  Commissioner, 
the  route  of  this  road  on  See.  33,  in  the  township  of  Dayton, 
Tuscohi  county,  was  changed  to  correspond  with  ^  survey  and 
profile  on  file  in  the  office  of  said  Commissioner. 

On  motion,  the  Board  adjourned. 


:VZ  PROCEEDINGS   OF  THE 

ELEVENTH  MEETING. 

Lansinq,  Decemher  J.%  1801. 

The  Boanl  met  at  tlie  office  of  the  Secretary  of  State. 

Present : 

Hon.  B.  D.  Pritcharcl,  Commissioner  State  Land  Office, 

Hon.  E.  0.  Grosvenor,  State  Treasurer, 

Hon.  Wm.  Humphrey,  Auditor  General,  ' 

Hon.  0.  L.  Spaulding,  Secretary  of  State. 

On  motion, 

Hon.  B.  D.  Pritcliard  was  chosen  cliairman  pro  tern . 

On  the  recommendation  of  the  S.  Ij.  S.  R.  Commissioner, 
the  following  acceptances,  by  Local  Commissioners,  of 
contracts  on  the  Cass  river  and  Bav  Citv  State  road,  were 
approved : 

CMi  river  (ASS   RIVER   AND    BAY   CITY   STATE    UOAl). 

andBavCltv 

The  contract  of  E.  R,  Garlick,  from  the  quarter  post  on  the 
N.  side  of  Sec.  2,  in  T.  14  N.,  of  R.  8  E.,  to  t'^nionville  school 
house. 

The  contract  of  E.  R.  Garlick,  from  the  W.  line  of  Sec.  3,  in 
T.  14  N.,  of  R.  8  E.,  to  the  end  of  contract  No.  1. 

The  contract  of  E.  R.  Garlick,  from  a  stake  ten  feet  E.  of 
the  quarter  post,  on  the  N.  line  of  Sec.  8,  in  T.  14  N.,  of  B.  9 
E.,  to  the  N.  W.  corner  of  Sec.  10,  in  same  township. 

The  contract  of  Ambrose  Hill,  from  the  N.  W.  corner  of  Sec- 
10,  in  T.  14  N.,  of  R.  9  E.,  to  a  point  1^  miles  east. 

On  the  recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S.  R.  Commissioner, 
the  following  acceptances,  by  Local  Commissioners,  of  con- 
tracts on  different  roads,  were  approved : 

KnjcllshylUe  KNOLISHVILLE   AND   CROTON   STATE    ROAD, 

and  (.  roton. 

The  acceptance  of  the  contract  of  Wm.  A.  Wartrous,  from 
the  seventh  mile  post  on  said  road,  to  the  ninth  mile  post. 

The  acceptance  of  the  contract  of  Joseph  English,  for  the 
south  five  miles. 


STATE  SWAMP  LAND  BOARD.  33 

LAPEER  AND  TUSCOLA  STATE  ROAD.  Upoer  and 

TosooUl 

The  acceptance  of  the  contract  of  Hiram  Curtis,  from  the 
S.  R  comer  of  Sec  23,  thence  N.  to  the  quarter  line  on  the  E. 
side  of  Sec.  11,  in  T.  10  N.,  of  R.  10  E. 

SAXILAC  AND  HURON  STATE  ROAD.  Sanlkcand 

Huron. 

The  acceptance  of  the  contract  of  Arthur  Carson,  of  sections 
fifteen,  sixteen,  and  seventeen. 

SAGINAW  AND  GRATIOT  STATE   ROAD.  &«to«wand 

Gratiot. 

The  acceptance  of  the  contract  of  James  Gargett,  entire. 

PORT    HURON,  BAY   CITY,  AND    LANSING   STATE   ROAD — EAST-Eaateni  Di- 
vision— 

ERN   DIVISION.  S*''*J?^°' 

Bay  Uity 

analAnsing. 

The  acceptance  of  the  contract  of  Elias  Steele,  of  the  first 
three-fourths  of  the  fifty-fourth  mile  of  said  road. 

PORT  AUSTIN  AND  SANILAC  STATE  ROAD.  Port  Austin 

and  Sanilac. 

The  acceptance  of  the  contract  of  John  Cole  of  the  tenth 
mile. 

NEWAYGO   AND  NORTHPORT  STATE   ROAD.  Newaygo 

and  North- 
port 

The  acceptance  of  the  contract  of  J.  M.  Cook  &  Co.,  of  the 
sixty-second  and  sixty-third  miles,  and  a  bridge  across  Pine 
river. 

MUSSEY   DITCn.  Mussey 

Ditch. 

The  acceptance  of  the  entire  contract  of  John  Q.  Felt. 

WISCONSIN    AND    LAKE    SUPERIOR    STATE    ROAD    EXTENSION.  Wisconsin 

and  Lake 
rm^  Superior. 

The  bond  of  James  P.  Pendell  was  approved. 
On  motion,  the  Board  adjourned. 

5 


34  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE 

TWELFTH  MEETING. 

Lansing,  January  2,  1868, 

The  Board  met  at  the  oflSce  of  the  Secretary  of  State. 

On  motion, 

Hon.  Wm.  Humphrey  was  chosen  chairman  pro  tern. 

AUeean,  ALLEGAK,    MUSKBGOX,   AND  TRAVERSE   BAY   STATE  ROAD. 

MnskegoD, 

And  Trav- 

OTM  Bay.         On  motion,  it  was 

Ordered,  That  the  line  of  said  road,  in  T.  13  and  14  N.,  of 
R.  17  W.,  be  changed,  so  as  to  conform  to  the  minutes  of  sur- 
vey and  profile  on  file  in  the  oflSce  of  the  S.  L.  S.  E.  Com- 
missioner. 

On  the  recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S.  B.  Commissioner, 
the  following  acceptances  by  Local  Commissioners,  of  con- 
tracts on  said  road,  were  approved : 

The  acceptance  of  the  entire  contract  of  Nelson  Green. 

The  acceptance  of  the  contract  of  Stephen  C.  Hall,  from  a 
point  eight  rods  southerly  from  the  quarter  post,  between  Sec^ 
20  and  21,  in  T.  12  N.,  of  R,  17  W.,  to  N.  W.  comer  section 
post  of  said  town. 

On  the  recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S.  R.  Commissioner,  the 
following  acceptances  by  Local  Commissioners,  of  contracts  on 
their  respective  roads,  were  approved : 

Midland  and  HIDLAKD   AKD  ISABELLA   STATE  ROAD. 

laabella. 

The  acceptance  of  the  contract  of  Irving  E.  Arnold,  from 
surveyor's  post  No.  25,  to  surveyor's  post  No.  26. 

Emmotand  EMMET  AND  GRAND  TRAVERSE  STATE   ROAD. 

Grand  Trav- 

The  acceptance  of  the  entire  contract  of  M.  L.  Leach,  No. 
two. 

Emmet  and  EMMET   AND   GRAND   TRAVERSE  STATE   ROAD. 

Grand  Tray- 

erae. 

The  acceptance  of  the  remainder  of  the  contract  of  D.  C, 
Leach. 


STATE  SWAMP  LAND  BOARD. 


35 


INGHAM  AND  CLINTON  STATE  ROAD. 

*  

The  acceptance  of  the  contract  of  C.  C.  Darling. 

ST.   LOUIS   AND   PINE  RIVER  STATE  ROAD. 

The  acceptance  of  the  contract  of  Orson  Briggs. 


Inffbam  ud 
CUntoii. 


StLoato 
and  Pin* 
river. 


NORTH  SHORE  DITCH — CLINTON  COUNTY. 

The  acceptance  of  the  contract  of  Stephen  Pearl. 

The  acceptance  of  the  contracts  (two)  of  Henry  M.  Perrin. 

EAST  SAGINAW  AND  JUNCTION   STATE  ROAD. 

The  acceptance  of  the  contract  of  Byron  B.  Buckhout^  com- 
mencing at  the  S.  W.  comer  of  Sec.  16,  in  T.  12  N.,  of  E.  5 
E.,  running  thence  east  on  the  sonth  line  of  said  Sec.  to  the  S. 
E.  comer  of  said  section. 

GREENVILLE  AND  BIG   RAPIDS  STATE   ROAD. 

The  acceptance  of  the  contract  of  J.  B.  Barr,  from  the  N. 
E.  comer  of  Sec.  20,  in  T.  13  N.,  of  E.  8  W.,  to  the  quarter  post 
on  the  north  side  of  Sec.  19 ;  also,  from  the  quarter  post  on  the 
west  side  of  Sec.  18  of  said  township,  to  a  post  fifty  rods  S.  E 
of  said  quarter  post. 

The  acceptance  of  the  contract  of  J.  B.  Barr,  from  the  quar- 
ter post  on  the  west  side  of  Sec.  18,  in  T.  13  N.,  of  E.  8  W.,  to  a 
point  on  said  road, — ^bcing  one  and  one-half  miles. 


North  Shor* 
Ditch. 


East 

DAWaiU 

Junction. 


Sttl- 
and 


GreenTlUo 
and  Biff 
Baplds. 


MISHTEGAY    DITCH. 

The  acceptance  of  the  contract  of  E.  B.  Ward. 

BIG    RAPIDS  AND   GRAND   RAPIDS  STATE   ROAD. 

The  acceptance  of  the  contract  of  E.  L.  Gray,  (No.  8)  to 
build  a  bridge  over  Tamarack  creek. 

The  acceptance  of  the  contract  of  E.  L.  Gray,  assigned  to  J. 
D.  Borden,  to  build  a  bridge  over  Little  Muskegon  river. 


Mlshtegar 
Ditch. 


Biff  Baplda 
and  Grand 
Baplda. 


36  PEOCEEDINGS  OF  THE 

G«neaee&iid  GENESEE  AND  TUSCOLA  STATE  ROAD. 

Tnsoola. 

The  acceptance  of  the  contract  of  John  Bodine,  from  Den 
mark  to  the  southern  termmus  of  said  road. 
On  motion,  the  Board  adjourned. 


THIRTEENTH  MEETING. 

* 

Lansing^  January  17,  1868. 

The  Board  met  at  the  office  of  the  Secretary  of  State. 

Present : 

Hon.  Henry  H.  Crapo,  Governor, 

Hon.  E.  0.  Grosvenor,  State  Treasurer, 

Hon.  B.  D.  Pritchard,  Com'r  State  Land  Office, 

Hon.  0.  L.  Spaulding,  Secretary  of  State. 

SycSStoS"^  EKQLISHVILLE    AND  CROTON  STATE  ROAD. 

On  motion,  it  was 

Ordered,  That  the  route  of  this  road  be  changed  so  as  to 

conform  to  the  profile  on  file  in  the  office  of  the  Commissioner 
of  the  State  Land  Office. 

AUemo,  ALLEGAN,  MUSKEGON,   AND  TRAVERSE   BAY   STATE   ROAD. 

Muskegon  '  ' 

andTrarerse 

^y*  On  motion,  it  was 

Ordered,  That  the  S.  L.  S.  R.  Commissioner  issue  his  order 
for  the  payment  of  the  account  of  T.  W.  White,  heretofore 
allowed  at  nineteen  dollars. 

On  the  recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S.  R  Commissioner,  the 
contract  of  J.  Gilbert  &  Jeremiah  Am  was  canceled. 

On  the  recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S.  R  Commissioner, 
it  was 


STATE  SWAMP  LAND  BOARD.  37 

Ordered,  That  the  route  of  this  road  in  T.  15  N.,  of  R  17 
W.,  be  changed  so  as  to  conform  with  the  profile  and  field 
notes  on  file  in  the  office  of  the  said  S.  L.  S.  E.  Commissioner. 

MACKINAC  AND  DELTA  STATE  BOAD.  ^^JPfp 

and  Delta. 

• 

On  the  recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S.  E.  Commissioner, 
the  contract  of  Charles  T.  Harvey  was  canceled. 

BAY   DE  KOC  AND  GREEN   BAY  STATE   ROAD.  Bay  De  Noc 

and  Green 

On  the  recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S.  E.  Commissioner,    ^' 
the  contract  of  Charles  T.  Harvey  was  canceled. 

MARQUETTE  AND  LITTLE  BAY    DE  NOC   STATE  ROAD.  Marauette 

and  Llttie 

On  the  recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S.  R.  Commissioner,    ^       ^ 
the  contract  of  Albert  Day  was  canceled. 

ONTONAGON  AND    STATE  LINE  STATE  ROAD.  Ontonagon 

and  state 

The  account  of  Daniel  Beaser,  Local  Commissioner,  for  sur-  ^^^' 
Teying  the  road,  was  allowed  at  two  hundred  and  four  dollars. 

SAGINAW  AND  OWOSSO  STATE  BOAD.  8a|?toawand 

*  Owoaso. 

The  account  of  J.  B.  Barnes,  as  Local  Commissioner,  was 
allowed  at  nine  dollars. 
On  motion,  the  Board  adjourned. 


FOTJETEENTH  MEETING. 

Lansing,  January  30^  1868, 

The  Board  met  at  the  office  of  the  Secretary  of  State. 

Present: 

Hon.  Henry  H.  Crapo,  Goyemor, 

Hon.  E.  0.  Grosvenor,  State  Treasurer, 

Hon.  Wm.  Humphrey,  Auditor  General, 


38  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE 

Hon.  B.  D.  Pritchard,  Com'r  of  State  Land  OflSce, 
Hon.  0.  L.  Spaulding,  Secretary  of  State. 

Ionia,  IONIA,   HOUGHTON  LAKE,   AND  MACKINAC  STATE   ROAD. 

Houghton 

Lakaand 

Mackinac.        On  the  recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S.  R.  Commissioner,  it 
was 

Orderedy  That  the  route  of  this  road  be  changed  in  accor- 
dance with  a  survey  and  profile  deposited  and  filed  in  the 
office  of  the  said  S.  L.  S.  R  Commissioner,  January  29, 1868. 

flMillacand  SANILAC  AND  BAY  STATE  ROAD. 

Bay. 

The  Hon.  A.  C.  Maxwell  appeared  before  the  Board  on  be- 
half of  James  J.  McCormick,  contractor,  and  asked  for  a 
reconsideration  of  the  action  of  the  Board,  taken  October  30, 
1867,  in  declaring  his  contract  inoperative  and  void  as  to  that 
part  of  the  said  road  lying  within  the  village  of  Portsmouth. 

On  motion,  it  was 

Resolved,  That  the  Board  see  no  reason  to  change  their  for- 
mer action. 

On  the  recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S.  E.  Commissioner,  the 
following  acceptances  by  Local  Commissioners  of  different 
contracts  were  approved. 


Ditch  from  DITCH   FROM   MAPLE   RIVER  TO   BAD   RIVER. 

MM)lerlT6r 

to  Bad  rlyor. 

The  acceptance  of  the  contract  of  George  Peacock  &  Joseph 
Voorhies,  from  the  north  bank  of  Maple  river  to  section  stake 
No.  1,  one  mile,  was  approved ;  also,  the  acceptance  of  the  con- 
tract of  the  same  parties,  from  stake  No.  1,  to  stake  No.  2,  was 
approved. 


EastSa^.  EAST  SAGINAW  AND  JUNCTION  STATE  ROAD. 

nawan( 


Junction. 


The  acceptance  of  the  contract  of  Bjrron  B.  Buckhout,  for 
one  mile,  commencing  at  the  N.  E.  comer  of  Sec.  23,  in  T.  12 
N.,  of  E.  5  K,  and  running  west  on  the  section  lino  between 
Sec.  13  and  14,  to  the  N.  W.  corner  of  Sec  23,  was  ap- 
proved. 


STATE  SWAMP  LAXD    BOARD,  39 

The  acceptance  of  the  contract  of  Byron  R  Buckhbut,  for 
one-half  mile,  commencing  at  the  N.  W.  comer  of  Sec.  24,  in 
township  12  N.,  of  R  5  E.,  and  running  west  to  the  quarter 
line  of  said  section,  was  approved. 

PORT  SANILAC   AND  TUSCOLA   STATE  ROAD.  Port  SanilM 

and  TusooUi. 

The  acceptance  of  the  contract  of  Martin  Moore  (No.  6), 
from  a  stake  twenty-one  and  one-half  miles  from  Lake,  west 
one  and  one-half  miles,  was  approved. 


SmtI- 
ftnd 


EAST  SAGINAW  AND  SAUBLE  RIVER  STATE  ROAD.  Ewt 

DAWftni 

Sauble  rlrer 

The  bond  of  John  P.  Willey,  Local  Coipmissioner  on  said 


road,  was  approve^. 


PORT  HURON,   BAY   CITY,  AND  LANSII^G^  STATE   ROAD.  PortHnwn, 

BavCity 
and  Iassui^. 

The  claims  of  Zara  E.  Spencer  and  Adam  Beitz,  for  damages 
by  reason  of  the  building  of  said  road  through  their  lands  on 
the  award  of  the  Local  Commissioner,  were  allowed  as  follows : 

The  claim  of  Zara  E.  Spencer,  at  forty  dollars. 

The  claim  of  Adam  Beitz,  at  fifty  dollars. 

OVID   AND  ST.  CHARLES  STATE   ROAD.  OvMandSt. 

CharlM. 

A  petition,  for  change  of  route,  was  received  and  referred  to 
the  S.  L.  S.  B,  Commissioner. 


ALMONT  AND  CASS   RIVER  STATE   ROAD.  Almont  and 

CaM  riyer. 

The  account  of  John  C.  Emery,  as  Local  Commissioner,  was 
allowed  at  ninetv-nine  dollars. 

INGHAM   AND  CLINTON  STATE  ROAD.  Ingham  and 

Clinton. 

The  account  of  M.  Miles,  Local  Commissioner,  for  two  hun- 
dred and  five  dollars  and  fifty  cents,  was  allowed  in  full. 


40  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE 

ADefftn,  ALLEGAN,  MUSKEGON,  AND  TRAVERSE  BAY  STATE  ROAD. 

MuakegoD, 
and  Trav- 
erse Bay.         On  the  recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S.  B.  Commissioner, 

the  acceptance  by  the  Local  Commissioner  of  the  contract  of 

Hiram  Colbum,  from  the  south  line  of  town  14  N.,  of  R.  17 

W.,  to  Shelby,  was  approved. 

Western  Di-       WESTERN   DIVISION — TRAVERSE  BAY  AND  MIDLAND  CITY 

vieion — 

TrayeraeBay  STATE   ROAD. 

and  Midland 

City. 

The  location,  survey,  and  profile  of  this  road,  as  surveyed 
and  platted  by  George  E.  Steel,  and  deposited  in  the  oflBce  of 
the  S.  L.  S.  R  Commissioner,  was  adopted. 

Ionia,  IONIA,  HOUGHTON  LAKE,  AND  MACKINAC  STATE  ROAD. 

Houghton 

MackiMc.        The  account  of /IVm.  Broomfield,  Local  Commissioner  on 
said  road,  was  allowed  at  one  hundred  and  twenty  dollars. 
On  motion,  the  Board  adjourned. 


FIFTEENTH   MEETING. 

Lansing^  February  27, 186S, 

The  Board  met  at  tlie  office  of  the  Secretary  of  State. 

Present: 

Hon.  B.  D.  Pritchard,  Commissioner  State  Land  Office, 

Hon.  E.  0.  Grosvenor,  State  Treasurer, 

Hon.  W.  L.  Stoughton,  Attorney  General, 

Hon.  0.  L.  Spaulding,  Secretary  of  State. 

^ny^^nd  ALMA  AND  CLINTON  STATE  ROAD.  ^ 

Clinton. 

The  following  preambles  and  resolutions  were  adopted: 
WhereaSy  It  appears  that  the  S.  L.  S.  R  Commissioner, 
through  his  clerk,  has  certified  to  the  Auditor  General  that 
certain  acceptances  on    the  Alma  and   Clinton    State  Road 


STATE  SWAMP  LAND  BOARD.  41 

should  be  paid  in  lands  only  lying  in  Gratiot,  Isabella,  and 
Mecosta  counties,  viz :  One  in  fevor  of  J.  J.  Sandal,  for  three 
hundred  dollars,  on  page  78  of  Land  Office  Receipt  Book; 
one  in  favor  of  S.  Thomas,  for  two  hundi*ed  dollars,  on  page 
79  of  said  book ;  one  in  favor  of  E.  P.  Plowman,  for  four  hun- 
dred dollars,  on  page  80  of  said  book ;  one  in  favor  of  Jacob 
Holmes,  for  three  hundred  dollars,  on  page  82 ;  one  in  favor  of 
H,  C.  Ripley,  assignee  of  Gordis  Smith,  for  four  hundred  dol- 
lars, on  page  92 ;  one  in  favor  of  L.  H.  Parsons,  for  four  hun- 
dred dollars,  on  page  106 ;  and  one  in  favor  of  J.  Hutchinson, 
for  one  thousand  dollars,  on  page  117;  and. 

Whereas,  It  appears  that  Attorney  General  Williams  so  con- 
strued the  law  making  the  appropriation  for  this  road,  that 
lands  were  to  be  taken  anywhere  in  the  Lower  Peninsula,  and 
the  written  opinion  of  Attorney  General  Stoughton,  filed  in 
the  office  of  said  Road  Commissioner,  is  to  the  same  eflfeet ; 
and, 

WhereaSy  The  contracts  were  let  in  accordance  with  such 
construction  of  the  law;  and, 

WhereaSj  It  is  the  judgment  of  this  Board  that  such  is  the 
true  construction  of  the  law  (being  Act  No.  46,  of  1864, 
and  Acts  amendatory  thereto) ;  therefore, 

Resolvedy  That  the  Commissioner  of  the  State  Land  Office 
in  paying  the  amounts  due  on  the  above  named  acceptances, 
shall  allow  lands  to  be  taken  anywhere  in  the  Lower  Penin- 
sula from  any  of  the  State  Swamp  Land  which  are  in  market. 
And  the  S.  L.  S.  R.  Commissioner  is  hereby  instructed  to  draw 
his  certificates  on  all  acceptances  on  this  road  for  lands  to  be 
taken  in  the  Lower  Peninsula. 

CASS  RIVER  AND  BAY    CITY  STATE  ROAD.  CoMriyer 

andBayCitf 

WhereaSy  It  appears  from  the  affidavit  of  H.  C.  Marvin,  and 
others,  that  an  error  was  made  in  drawing  the  contract  of 
Ambrose  Hill,  whereby  only  1,920  acres  of  land  were  appro- 
priated for  building  the  three  miles  of  road  specified  in  said 

6 


42  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE 

contract,  as  appears  from  said  contract,  where,  in  fact,  it  wafi 
intended  to  appropriate  2,080  acres  for  the  building  of  said 
road,  and  the  contract  was  actually  let  to  said  Hill  for  that 
amount;  therefore, 

Besolved,  That  the  amount  of  160  acres  be  appropriated  to 
said  Hill  in  addition  to  the  amount  already  received  by  him 
(1,920  acres)  on  said  contract,  and  that  the  S.  L.  S.  E.  Com- 
missioner be,  and  is  hereby  authorized  to  draw  his  certificate 
therefor. 

SffflnawaiMl  SAGINAW   AND  GBATIOT  STATE  ROAD. 

Ormtlot. 

On  the  recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S.  R.  Commissioner, 
the  acceptance  by  a  Local  Commissioner  of  the  contract  of 
Henry  A.  Weaver  for  one  mile  of  said  road,  being  Sec  10  of 
said  road,  was  approved. 

On  the  recommendation  as  above,  the  contracts  of  A.  J. 
Ladbetter,  of  Henry  Weaver  (unfinished  part,  being  one  mile 
of  Sec.  9,  of  said  road),  of  A.  Wendall,  and  of  Lewis  M.  Clark, 
Were  canceled. 


Port  Hwon,  pQRT  HURON,  BAY  CITY,  AND  LANSING   STATE  ROAD. 

oav  City, 
•ad  Lansing 

On  the  recommendation  as  above,  the  contract  of  A.  L. 
Bailey  and  Wm.  M.  Beeves,  for  sections  five,  six,  and  seven,  of 
said  road,  was  canceled. 

Ionia  And  IONIA  AND  SMYRNA   STATE  ROAD. 

Smyrna. 

The  bond  of  Richard  Vasper,  Local  Commissioner  on  said 
road,  was  approved. 

First  Divis-         FIRST     DIVISION — GREEN   BAY   AND  BAY   DE   NOG   STATE 

ton — Green 

Bay  and  Bay  ROAD. 

De  Noc 

The  bond  of  Josiah  R.  Brooks,  Local  Commissioner  on  said 
road,  was  approved. 


STATE  SWAMP  LAND  BOARD.  43 

SECOND    DIVISION — GREEN  BAY  AND   BAY  DE  NOC   STATE      Second  Dl- 

Tlsion — 
ROAD.  Green  Bar 

and  BajD* 
Noc 

The  bond  of  Eli  P.  Boyce,  Local  Commissioner  on  said  road, 
vas  approved. 

0 

PORT  HURON,   BAY  CITY,  AND   LANSING   STATE  ROAD.  Port  Hnron, 

Bay  City. 
andLanBinf. 

The  re-survey  and  profile  of  said  road,  between  St.  Louis 
and  Midland,  filed  February  19, 1868,  in  the  office  of  the  S.  L. 
S.  R  Commissioner,  was  approved. 

On  motion,  the  Board  adjourned. 


SIXTEENTH  MEETING. 

Lansing,  April  i,  1868, 

The  Board  met  at  the  office  of  the  Secretary  of  State. 

Present: 

Hon.  B.  D.  Pritchard,  Commissioner  State  Land  Office, 

Hon.  E.  0.  Grosvenor,  State  Treasurer, 

Hon.  Wm.  Humphrey,  Auditor  General, 

Hon.  0.  L.  Spaulding,  Secretary  of  State. 

On  motion, 

Hon.  B.  D.  Pritchard  was  chosen  Chairman  pro  tern. 

Hon.  T.  North  appeared  before  the  Board  and  asked  for  an 
additional  appropriation  for  the  purpose  of  enlarging  the 
ditches  on  the  line  of  the  Tuscola  and  Saginaw  Bay  State  Boad ; 
and,  it  appearing  to  the  Board  that  the  appropriation  was 
needed,  it  was  resolved  to  appropriate  for  the  purpose  asked 
for,  the  remaining  unappropriated  Swamp  Land  in  Tuscola 
county,  being  1,437  acres,  to  be  expended  under  the  direction 
of  the  S.  L.  S.  B.  Commissioner. 

On  motion  of  Hon.  Wm.  Humphrey,  the  following  resolution 
was  adopted : 


44  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE 

Resolved,  That  all  contracts  that  by  their  terms  expired  on 
or  before  December  31, 1867,  be  canceled,  to  take  effect  July 
1st,  1868,  unless  evidence  be  furnished  this  Board  by  that 
date,  that  the  work  is  being  performed  in  accordance  with  the 
late  circular  of  the  S.  L.  S.  R.  Commissioner,  and  that  notice 
of  this  action  be  given  to  the  contractors  by  the  S.  L.  S.  R 
Commissioner. 

The  application  of  George  W.  Pack,  was  received,  asking 
permission  to  release  certain  lands  heretofore  reserved  by  him 
in  Huron  county,  and  to  select  them  in  the  State  at  large. 

On  motion,  it  was  resolved  that  the  permission  be  not 
granted. 

Ovid  and  St.  OVID  AND  ST.  CHARLES  STATE  ROAD. 

Charles. 

The  application  of  certain  parties  in  Gratiot  county  was 
received,  asking  for  a  change  of  route  of  said  road,  but  on  the 
recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S.  R.  Commissioner,  it  was  not 
granted. 

Montcalm  MONTCALM  AND  GRATIOT  STATE   ROAD, 

and  Gratiot. 

The  bond  of  Wilson  Homer,  Local  Commissioner,  was 
approved. 

StMaiy^s  ST.   MARY'S  RIVER    AND  MACKINAC   STATE  ROAD. 

river  and 

Mackinac. 

The  bond  of  Edward  Ashman,  Local  Commissioner  on  said 
road,  was  approved. 

Bijr  Rapids  ^IG   RAPIDS   AND  GRAND  RAPIDS    STATE  ROAD, 

and  Grand 

^  '*  The  contract  (No.  6)  of  A.  F.  &  H.  J.  Orton,  was  canceled, 

except  that  part  which  relates  to  the  bridge  over  the  Little 
Muskegon  river. 

On  the  recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S.  R.  Commissioner, 
contract  No.  7  on  said  road,  made  with  Samuel  Bailey,  was 
canceled. 


STATE  SWAMP  LAKD  BOARD.  45 

ALMA   AND  CLINTOK  STATE   ROAD.  Alma  and 

Clinton. 

The  remonstrance  of  citizens  of  Isabella  county,  accompa- 
nied by  fonr  affidavits,  was  received,  remonstrating  against  the 
payment  of  the  contract  of  Samuel  Woodworth.  On  motion, 
it  was  referred  to  the  S.  L.  S.  B.  Commissioner. 

MUSKEGON   AND  CEDAR  SPRINGS  STATE   ROAD.  Muskegon 

and  Cedar 
Springs. 

On  the  recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S.  R.  Commissioner, 
the  acceptance  by  a  Local  Commissioner  of  the  contract  of 
Wm.  A.  Parks,  assignee  of  A.  Thompson,  of  three  and  one-half 
miles  from  the  N.  W.  corner  of  Sec.  30,  in  township  10  N.,  of 
E,  15  W.,  to  a  point  three  and  one-half  miles  easterly,  was 
approved. 

MINERAL   RANGE  STATE   ROAD.  Mineral 

Range. 

On  the  recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S.  R.  Commissioner,  the 
acceptance  by  a  Local  Commissioner  of  the  contract  of 
Keweenaw  county  of  two  miles  of  road,  from  the  middle  of 
the  thirty-seventh  to  the  middle  of  the  thirty-ninth  mile, 
was  approved. 

CASS   RIVER  AND   BAY   CITY  STATE   ROAD.  Cass  River 

and  Bay 

aty. 
On  the  recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S.  R.  Commissioner, 

the  acceptance  by  a  Local  Commissioner  of  the  contract  of 

John  Mast  of  one-half  mile  from  the  N.  W.  comer  of  Sec.  8, 

in  township  14  N.,  of  R.  9  E.,  to  a  stake  10  feet  E.  of  the 

quarter  post  on  the  N.  line  of  Sec.  8.,  was  approved. 

MISHTEGAY  DITCH.  Mishtegay 

Ditch. 

On  the  recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S.  R.  Commissioner,  the 
account  of  Rufus  P.  Mason,  Local  Commissioner,  for  ninety- 
three  dollars,  was  allowed  at  sixty-eight  dollars. 


46  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE 

EastSagl.  EAST  SAGINAW   AND   SAUBLE  STATE  ROAD. 

nawftod 

Saable. 

The  account  of  Goddard  and  Guild,  surveyors,  certified  to 
by  J.  F.  Willey,  Local  Commissioner,  for  six  hundred  and 
eighty-four  dollars  and  eighty-eight  cents,  was  allowed,  on  the 
recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S.  B.  Commissioner,  at  six  hun- 
dred and  forty-five  dollars  and  eighty-eight  cents. 

Ontoiuigoii  ONTONAGON  AND  STATE  LINE  STATE  ROAD. 

and  State 

Line. 

On  motion,  the  profile  of  said  road,  filed  in  the  ofiice  of  the 
S.  L.  S.  R  Commissioner  by  Daniel  Beaser,  Local  Commissioner 
on  said  road,  was  adopted. 

^^oj^  BRIDGE   OVER  AU  SAUBLE   RIVER, 

river. 

On  motion,  the  plan  of  said  bridge,  filed  in  the  office  of  the 
S.  L.  S.  E.  Commissioner,  as  drawn  by  Goddard  and  Guild, 
was  adopted ; 

And  on  motion,  it  was 

Resolved,  That  the  said  bridge  be  built  on  the  crossing 
shown  by  the  lower  diagram  on  the  profile  of  Au  Sauble  river 
made  by  Goddard  and  Guild,  and  filed  in  the  office  of  .the  & 
L.  S.  R  Commissioner,  the  length  of  said  bridge  being  two 
hundred  and  sixty  feet. 

On  motion,  the  Board  adjourned. 


SEVENTEENTH  MEETING. 

Lansing^  June  S,  1868, 

The  Board  met  at  the  office  of  thQ  Secretary  of  State. 

Present : 

Hon.  B.  D.  Pritchard,  Com'r  State  Land  Office, 

Hon.  E.  0.  Grosvenor,  State  Treasurer, 

Hon.  Wm.  Humphrey,  Auditor  General, 


STATE  SWAMP  LAND  BOARD.  47 

Hon.  O.  L.  Spaulding,  Secretary  of  State. 

On  motion, 

Hon.  B.  D.  Pritchard  was  chosen  chairman  pro  tern. 

SAGINAW,   GRATIOT,  AND  NEWAYGO  STATE   ROAD.  Saginaw, 

Gradot  and 

On  the  recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S.  R  Commissioner, 
the  survey  and  profile  of  this  road  filed  in  the  office  of  the  S. 
L.  S.  R  Commissioner,  were  adopted:  So  much  as  refers  to  the 
six  miles  next  east  of  the  intersection  of  this  road,  with  the 
Ionia  and  Houghton  road. 

GREENVILLE  AND   BIG  RAPIDS  STATE   ROAD.  Greenvine 

and  Big 
Bapida. 

On  the  recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S.  R.  Commissioner, 
the  route  of  this  road  was  changed  in  accordance  with  field 
notes  made  June  21, 1867,  and  filed  in  the  office  of  the  S.  L. 
8.  R.  Commissioner,  June  3,  1868 :  The  petitioners  for  said 
change  to  furnish  profile  of  said  line  to  said  Commissioner 
without  expense  to  the  State,  on  or  before  the  first  Wednesday 
of  July,  1868. 

ALHA  AND  CLINTON  STATE  ROAD.  £"•*»<> 

Clinton. 

On  the  recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S.  R.  Commissioner,  a 
diagram  of  this  road  between  Alma  and  Maple  Bapids,  filed 
May  21, 1868,  was  adopted. 

SAGINAW,  GRATIOT,  AND   NEWAYGO  STATE   ROAD.  Saginaw, 

Gratiot  and 
Newaygo. 

The  account  of  Daniel  Miller  for  services  as  ax-man  on  sur- 
vey of  road,  allowed  at  $36  00. 

The  account  of  Linden  George  for  services  as  lead  chain-man 
in  surveying  on  said  road,  was  allowed  at  $50  00. 

The  account  of  Stephen  Dean  for  services  as  flag-man  in 
surveying  said  road,  was  allowed  at  $36  00. 

The  account  of  S.  S.  Hastings,  as  engineer  on  said  road,  and 
for  cash  disbursements,  was  allowed  at  $165  00. 


48  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE 

The  account  of  James  Dean  for  services  as  chain-bearer  in 
surveying  said  road,  was  allowed  at  $36  00. 

The  account  of  Marvin  Elder  for  services  as  chain-bearer  in 
surveying  said  road,  was  allowed  at  $33  75. 

Extension  of  EXTENSION  OF  THE  CAPAC  AND  CLYDE  STATE  EOAD. 

Capac  and 

Qydo. 

A  survey  and  diagram  made  by  0.  S.  Burgen  and  recom- 
mended by  the  S.  L.  S.  B.  Commissioner  June  3,  1868,  was 
adopted 

Bridge  over  BRIDGE   OVER  MENOMINEE   RIVER. 

Menominee 

river 

On  the  recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S.  R  Commissioner, 
the  acceptance  by  the  Board  of  Supervisors  of  Menominee  Co. 
of  the  contract  of  S.  M.  Stephenson  &  Co.,  waa  approved. 

Port  Austin  PORT  AUSTIN  AND  SANILAC  STATE  ROAD, 

and  Sanilac. 

The  account  of  C.  B.  Cottrell,  Local  Commissioner,  was 
allowed  at  $73  90. 

Allegan  and  ALLEGAN  AND   LAKE  SHORE  STATE  ROAD. 

Lake  Shore. 

The  account  of  W.  B.  Williams,  Local  Commissioner,  w^as 
allowed  at  $39  00. 

BayDeNoc  BAY  DE  NOG  AND  GREEN  BAY  STATE  ROAD. 

ana  Green 

Bay. 

On  the  recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S.  R  Commissioner, 
the  acceptance  by  Local  Commissioner,  Joseph  R.  Brooks,  of 
the  remainder  of  the  contract  of  E.  S.  Ingalls,  being  17  miles, 
w  as  approved. 

Capacand  CAPAC  AND  CLYDE  STATE  ROAD. 

Clyde. 

On  the  recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S.  R  Commissioner,  the 
acceptance  by  a  Local  Commissioner  of  sections  1  and  2  of 
the  contract  of  John  Phelps,  being  two  miles,  was  approved. 


STATE  SWAMP  LAND  BOARD.  49 

OVID  AND  ST.  CHARLES  STATE  ROAD.  OrldandSt 

ClurleB. 

The  bond  of  J.  D.  Sickels,  as  Local  Commissioner,  was 
approved. 

ALLEGAN   AND   LAKE  SUORE  STATE  ROAD.  ^^Hf^u*^ 

Lake  Shore. 

The  account  of  John  A.  Kerr  for  advertising  was  allowed 
at  $(>  30. 

The  account  of  D.  C.  Henderson  &  Co.,  for  advertising,  was 
allowed  at  $30  80. 

THIRD    DIVISION    OF    THE    ALLEGAN,  kUSKEGON,  AND  TRAV- Third  Divl*- 

ion  of  AUe- 

ERSE  BAY  STATE  ROAD.  gM^Mwko- 

ffonand 
TntTeree 

The  bond  of  L.    H.    Foster,    Local    Commissioner,    was^^* 
approved. 

CLIO  AND  CHBSANINO  STATE  ROAD.  S!^"? 

Cbesanln^. 

The  bond  of  Henry  James,  Local  Commissioner,  was 
approved. 

SECOND   DIVISION   OF  THE   ALLEGAN,  MUSKEGON,  AND  TRAV- Second  Di- 

vision  of 

ERSE  BAY  STATE  ROto.  AUewui, 

Muskegon 
andTntTerae 

The  bond  of  Stephen  C.  Hall,  Local  Commissioner,  was^^^* 
approved. 

STATE  ROAD   FROM  THE  VILLAGE  OF    VIENNA  SOUTH  TO   THE  Boad  ih>m 

,  .  Tillage  of  Vi- 

STATE  LINE  (iN  MONROE   COUNTY).  ennJ^Bonth 

'  to  the  State 

Une. 

The  bond  of  Bead  M.  Bingham,  Local  Commissioner,  was 
approved. 
On  motion,  the  Board  adjourned. 


50  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE 

EIGHTEENTH  MEETING. 

Lansing,  July  2, 1868. 

The  Board  met  at  the  office  of  the  Secretary  of  State, 

Present : 

Hon.  B.  D.  Pritchard,  Com'r  State  Land  Office, 

Hon.  E.  0.  Grosvenor,  State  Treasurer, 

Hon.  Wm.  Humphrey,  Auditor  General, 

Hon.  0.  L.  Spaulding,  Secretary  of  State. 

On  motion, 

Hon.  B.  D.  Pritchard  was  chosen  Chairman  pro  tem. 

PortHnron,  POET  HUEON,  BAY  CITT,  AND  LANSING  STATE  EOAD. 

Bav  City. 

"  ^'  ^'  The  bond  of  J.  R  Wiley,  with  Luther  Westover  and  F.  Fitz- 
hugh  as  sureties,  as  Local  Commissioner  on  that  part  of  the 
road  lying  between  Bay  City  and  Midland  City,  was  approved. 

East  DlT-     EASTERN    DIVISION — POET  HURON,  BAY  CITT,    AND  LANSING 

▼iflion  of 

Port  Huron,  STATE  ROAD. 

Bay  aty, 

and  Lansing. 

On  the  recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S.  R.  Commissioner, 
the  acceptance  by  a  Local  Commissioner  of  the  contract 
of  Elias  Steele  for  one  mile,  from  the  52d  to  the  53d  mile  stake, 
was  approved. 

Gkpacand  OAPAO  AND  CLYDE  STATE  ROAD. 

Clyde. 

On  the  recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S.  B.  Commissioner, 
the  acceptance  by  a  Local  Commissioner  of  the  entire  con- 
tract of  John  Phelps  was  approved. 

The  account  'of  A.  B.  Rawles,  Local  Commissioner  on  said 
road,  was  allowed  at  $375  75. 

TuscoU  and  TUSCOLA  AND  SAGINAW  BAY  STATE  ROAD. 

SaglnawBay 

On  the  recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S.  B.  Commissioner, 
the  acceptance  by  a  Local  Commissioner  of  the  entire  contract 
of  John  S.  Moore  was  approved. 


feTATE  SWAMP  LAKD  BOARD.  61 


Sari- 
nftwand 


EAST  SAGINAW  AND  JUKCTION  STATE  ROAD.  Kwt 

TMWi 

^  Jnnetioii. 

On  the  recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S.  E.  Commissioner,  the 
^acceptance  by  a  Local  Commissioner  of  the  contract  of  B.  B. 
Bnckhont  for  i  mile  from  the  N.  W.  corner  of  Sec.  23,  easterly 
to  the  quarter  post  on  the  north  side  of  said  Sec,  in  T.  13  N., 
of  B.  5  E.,  was  approved ; 

Also, 

The  acceptance  of  the  contract  of  the  same  person  for  the 
W.  I  mile;  being  from  the  N.  E,  corner  of  Sea  23,  T.  12 
N.,  of  R.  5  E.,  easterly  to  the  quarter  post  of  section  24,  was 
approved ; 

Also, 

The  acceptance  of  the  contract  of  the  same  person  for  the 
^ast  i  mile ;  being  from  the  N.  E.  corner  of  Sec.  21,  T.  12  N., 
of  B.  6  R,  west  to  the  quarter  post  of  said  Sec,  was  approved. 

SAGINAW,   GRATIOT,   AKD  NEWAYGO  STATE  ROAD.  a^i^'md 

Newtygo. 

The  account  of  J.  F.  Lathrop  for  payment  made  to  Goddard 
and  Guild  for  plan  of  bridge  across  Kne  river,  was  allowed 
at  $10  00. 

The  profile,  diagram,  and  field  notes  of  said  road,  made  by 
SL  8L  Hastings,  in  April,  1868,  and  now  on  file  in  the  oflSce  of 
the  SL  Lu  S.  B.  Commissioner,  was  approved. 

IONIA  AND  VERMO^TTVILLE  STATE  ROAD.  Ionia  tad 

Vermont* 
Tille. 

On  the  recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S.  B.  Commissioner,  the 
acceptance  by  a  Local  Commissioner  of  the  contract  of  Bich, 
Tower,  and  Beatty  for  five  miles  of  road,  commencing  at  a 
point  in  the  centre  of  the  east  township  line  of  Odessa,  and 
ending  five  miles  south  from  said  point,  on  said  line;  upon 
which  there  has  previously  been  paid  $2,052  83,  was  approved, 
leaving  a  balance  due  the  contractors  of  $1,947  17,  which 
amount  is  hereby  ordered  to  be  paid  to  them. 


52  PBOCBEDIKOS  OF  THB 

FIrtt  DiTls- FIRST  DIVISION — ^ALLEGAN,    MUSKBGON,   AND  TBAVBRSE   BAY 
Ion  Allegan,  '  ' 

MoBkagon,  STATE   ROAD. 

«nd  Tray- 
one  Baj. 

The  bond  of  Thomas  Padgett,  Local  Commissioner,  with 
Albertus  Van^Raalte  and  William  J.  Walker  as  sureties,  was 
approTed. 

On  motion,  the  Board  adjourned  till  to-morrow  at  9  A.  M. 


NINETEENTH   MEETING. 

Lansing,  July  S,  1868. 

The  Board  met  at  the  office  of  the  Secretary  of  State  accord- 
ing to  adjournment 
Present :  Same  members  of  the  Board  as  on  yesterday. 


• 


Ontonagon  ONTONAGON  AND  STATE  LINE  STATE  ROAD. 

and  State 

Line. 

Hon.  Wm.  Humphrey  moved  a  reconsideration  of  the  action 
of  the  Board  adopting  profile  of  said  road,  April  1, 1868,  which 
motion  prevailed. 

Hon.  Wm.  Humphrey  then  moved  that  the  matter  lie  on 
the  table,  which  was  carried. 

Dnnoan, 

Alpenaand  DUNCAN,   ALPENA,   AND  8AUBLE   RIVER  STATE  ROAD. 

Bauble  Blyer 

Ordered,  That  the  operation  of  the  resolution  of  April  let, 
1868,  canceling  certain  contracts  not  completed  by  July  Ist, 
be  suspended  as  to  the  contract  of  Geo.  N.  Fletcher,  for  bridge 
over  Thunder  Bay  river. 

Ditch  in        DITCH  IN  SANILAC    COUNTY,   KNOWN   AS   ELK    CREEK    DITCH. 

SanOaeCo^ 

luown  aa 

EtkCreek  Ordered,  That  the  operation  of  said  resolution  of  April  Ist, 
1868,  be  suspended  as  to  contract  of  0.  Adams,  lately  assigned 
to  John  L.  Woods. 


STATE   SWAMP  LAND   BOARD,  53 

LEXINGTON   AND  FLINT  RIVER  STATE   ROAD.  Lextopton 

RiTer. 

Ordered^  That  the  operation  of  the  said  resolution  of  April 
let,  1868,  be  snspended  as  to  contracts  of  Patrick  Fox,  assigned 
to  John  L.  Woods,  being  Nos.  23  and  24 

PORT  AUSTIN  AND  SANILAC  STATE  ROAD.  PortAnttlii 

and  Sanllae. 

Orderedy  That  contract  No.  9,  of  0.  Adams,  be,  and  the 
same  is  hereby  canceled. 

MINERAL  RANGE   STATE  ROAD.  MlnanJ 

Range. 

The  account  of  D.  D.  Brockway,  Local  Commissioner,  for 
serrices  rendered,  was  allowed  at  $120  00. 

DITCH   IN   SANILAC  COUNTT.  Ditch  in 

SanUae  Co. 

Orderedy  That  the  contract  for  constructing  a  ditch  from 
the  south  line  of  Sec.  19,  in  T.  12  N.,  of  B.  15  R,  in  the 
county  of  Sanilac,  to  the  N.  line  of  Sec.  23,  in  T.  13  N.,  of  R 
14  E.,  in  said  county  of  Sanilac,  and  State  of  Michigan,  made 
by  John  C.  Waterbury,  special  agent  on  the  part  of  the  State 
of  Michigan,  with  Volney  A.  Eipley  as  principal,  Lorenzo  M. 
Mason  and  Nathan  RecTes  as  sureties,  on  the  25th  day  of 
August  1860,  be,  and  the  same  is  hereby  declared  forfeited,  and 
L  B.  Curtis,  special  agent  of  the  State,  is  authorized  and 
instructed  by  this  Board,  to  immediately  prosecute  the  bond 
given  by  said  Ripley,  Mason,  and  Reeves  to  the  people  of  the 
State  of  Michigan,  for  the  completion  of  the  said  contract. 

SAGINAW,  GRATIOT,  AND  NEWAYGO  STATE  ROAD.  g?«^^»  , 

'  Gratiot  and 

Newaygo. 

A  plan  of  bridge  over  Pine  river,  and  a  plan  of  bridge  over 
Lake  on  section  8,  of  said  road,  drawn  by  Godard  &  Guild  and 
deposited  in  the  office  of  the  8.  L.  S.  R.  Commissioner,  was 
approved. 


54 


PEOCEBDINGS  OF  THU 


Brldnion 
■ndOsMOlA. 


EastSaffi- 
nAWftnd 
8«able  riTer. 


Midland, 
Hoaghton 
Lake and 
Trayene 
Bay. 


BBIDQETOK  AND  OSCEOLA  STATE  BOAD. 

Ordered,  That  the  contract  of  Frank  Bennet  be,  and  the 
same  is  hereby  canceled ;  except  as  to  the  two  miles  chopped 
out  by  him,  and  as  to  those  two  miles  that  the  operation  of  the 
aforesaid  resolution  of  April  Ist,  1868,  be  suspended;  provided 
that  in  the  payment  of  said  contract,  the  contractor  receive 
such  proportion  of  the  contract  price  for  the  whole  contract 
as  the  work  on  the  two  miles  bears  to  the  whole  amount  of 
work  required  on  the  twelve  miles. 

« 

EAST  SAGIKAW  AND  SAUBLE  BIYEB  STATE  BOAD. 

The  account  of  Wm.  Smith,  Local  Commissioner  on  said 
road,  was  allowed  at  $50  00. 

MIDLAND,  HOUGHTON    LAKE,  AND  TBAVEBSE  BAT  STATE 

BOAD. 

The  plan  of  bridge  over  the  Tittabawassee  river  at  Tobacco 
Forks,  on  file  in  the  oflSce  of  the  S.  L.  S.  R  Commissioner,  was 
approved. 

On  motion,  the  Board  adjourned  to  Monday,  July  8th,  at  9 
o'clock  A.  M. 


TWENTIETH  MEETING. 

Lansing,  July  8, 1868. 

The  Board  met  at  the  office  of  the  Secretary  of  State 
according  to  adjournment. 
Present: 

Hon.  B.  D.  Pritchard,  Commissioner  State  Land  Office, 
Hon.  E.  0.  Grosvenor,  State  Treasurer, 
Hon.  Wm.  Humphrey,  Auditor  General, 
Hon.  W.  L.  Stoughton,  Attorney  General, 
Hon.  0.  L.  Spaulding,  Secretary  of  State. 


STATE  SWAMP  LAND  BOABD.  55 

NEWAYGO  AND  NOBTHPOET  STATE  EOAD.  Newaygo 

and  liortb- 
port. 

Ordered^  That  the  operation  of  the  said  resolution  of 
April  let,  1868,  be  suspended  as  to  contract  No.  22,  of  E.  L. 
Gray. 

LEXINGTON  AND  FLINT  BIVEB  STATE  BOAD.  Lorington 

and  Flint 
BiTor. 

Ordered,  That  the  following  contracts  be,  and  the  same  are 
hereby  canceled,  viz : 

No.  11,  Fox  &  Vanstone  contractors,  dated  August  10, 1859. 

No.  12,  Jesse  Van  Gamp  contractor,  dated  August  10, 1859. 

No.  20,  Archibald  Earl  contractor,  dated  July  22,  1861. 

Nos.  22,  23,  and  24,  Patrick  Fox  contractor,  dated  July  22, 
1861. 

No.  25,  John  L.  Wood  contractor,  dated  July  22, 1861. 

No.  26,  Michael  Flannery  contractor,  dated  July  25, 1861. 

No.  27,  David  Gibbard  contractor,  dated  July  25, 1861. 

No.  28,  Andrew  McAlpine  contractor,  dated  July  25, 1861. 

No.  32,  Eichard  Bryle  contractor,  dated  July  26, 1861. 

No.  33,  Henry  Simmons  contractor,  dated  July  26, 1861. 

No.  34,  John  Chase  contractor,  dated  July  26, 1861. 

No.  35,  Nicholas  S.  Shippey  contractor,  dated  July  26, 1861. 

No.  7,  William  R  Stafford  contractor,  dated  July  22, 1861. 

No.  10,  Hobson  &  Cooper  contractor,  dated  Nov.  30,  1865. 

No.  — ,  Theodore  Kirkbride  contractor,  dated  June  1, 1859. 

No.  — ,  Jacob  Cooley  contractor,  dated  July  22, 1861. 

No.  — ,  Solmon  Stone  contractor,  dated  April  26, 1864; 

Also, 

Ordered,  That  the  operation  of  the  aforesaid  resolution  of 
'  April  1, 1868,  be  suspended  as  to  the  contract  of  John  Wilson, 
dated  February  14, 1866. 

DITCH  FBOM  MAPLE  BIVEB  TO  BAD  BIVEB.  Dlteb  from 

Manle  riyer 
to  Bad  riTer. 

Ordered,  That  the  operation  of  the  aforesaid  resolution  of 
April  1,  1868,  be  suspended  as  to  contract  of  George  Peacock 
and  Joseph  Voorhies. 


56  PBOCEEDIKOS  OF  THE 

OeDMeeftod  GENESEE  AND  TUSCOLA  STATE  ROAD. 

ToBcoki. 

Ordered^  That  the  operatien  of  the  said  resolution  of  April 
1, 1868,  be  suspended  as  to  contract  of  John  Bodine. 

DMom  and  DUNCAN  AND  ALPENA  STATE  ROAD. 

Ordered,  That  the  operation  of  said  resolution  of  April  1, 
1868,  be  suspended  as  to  contract  No.  15. 

AUam,  ALLEGAN,  MUSKEGON,  AND  TRAVERSE  BAY  STATE  ROAD. 

Muskegon 

■ndTrayeno 

B«y.  Ordered,  That  the  contract  of  Wm.  H.  Parks,  dated  March 

28, 1865,  be,  and  4hc  same  is  hereby  canceled ; 

Also, 

That  the  contract  of  T.  M.  Russell,  No.  4,  dated  December 
28, 1860,  be,  and  the  same  is  hereby  canceled. 

OMonviU*  GREENVILLE  AND  BIO   RAPIDS  STATE  ROAD. 

and  Big 

B«plda. 

Ordered,  That  the  operation  of  said  resolution  of  April  1, 
1868,  be  suspended  as  to  the  contract  of  J.  B.  Barr,  dated  Feb* 
ruary  24, 1864. 

New  llftTon  NEW  HAVEN   AND  FAIRFIELD  STATE  ROAD, 

and  Fair- 
field. 

Ordered,  On  recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S.  B.  Commis- 
sioner, that  the  operation  of  the  said  resolution  of  April  1, 
1868,  be  suspended  as  to  the  contract  of  Alexander  Shelton« 
assigned  to  John  Gallagher. 

Mineral  MINERAL  RANGE  STATE  ROAD. 

Bangc, 

Ordered,  That  the  operation  of  the  said  resolution  of  April 
1,  1868,  be  suspended  as  to  contract  made  by  Keweenaw 
county. 

Upeerand  LAPEER  AND  TUSCOLA   STATE  ROAD. 

ToMola. 

Ordered,  That  the  operation  of  said  resolution  of  April  1, 
1868,  be  suspehded  as  to  contract  of  Hiram  Curtis. 


8TATB  SWAMP   LAND   BOARD.  67 

HIDLAKD   AND    ISABELLA   STATE    ROAD.  MidUuidtnd 

Isabel]*. 

Orderedy  That  the  following  contracts  be,  and  the  same  are 
hereby  canceled,  viz : 

No.  16,  Wm.  Thorlby  contractor,  dated  April  6,  1863. 

No8. 17  and  18,  D.  Bowman  contractor,  dated  April  6,  1863 ; 

Also, 

Orderedy  That  the  contract  of  T.  Carpenter,  No.  15,  be,  and 
the  same  is  hereby  declared  forfeited,  and  the  S.  L.  S.  R.  Com- 
missioner is  hereby  authorized  and  instructed  to  prosecute  his 
bond  given  for  the  completion  of  the  contract. 

Ordered  further^  That  the  operation  of  said  resolution  o^" 
April  1, 1868,  be  suspended  as  to  the  following  contracts  on 
f?aid  road,  viz : 

Nos.  3  to  9,  inclusive,  of  Wm.  Thorlby,  dated  April  6, 1863. 

Xos.  11  and  12,  of  John  Larkin  contractor. 

No.  19, 1.  E.  Arnold  contractor,  dated  April  9, 1863. 

No.  20,  J.  M.  Hursh  contractor. 

MUSKEGON   AND  CEDAR  SPRINGS  STATE  ROAD.  Ma8k<«on 

and  CcStar 

Orderedy  That  the  contract  of  Abel  Thompson,  of  which 
Wm.  H.  Parks  is  now  assignee,  be,  and  the  same  is  hereby 
canceled. 

CASS   RIVER  AND   BAY   CITY    STATE  ROAD.  Cass  Blvw 

and  Bar 

Orderedy  That  the  contract  of  J.  F.  Wiley,  No.  8,  be,  and 
the  same  is  hereby  declared  forfeited,  and  the  S.  L.  S.  B.  Com- 
missioner is  hereby  authorized  and  instructed  to  immediately 
prosecute  the  contractor  and  his  sureties  for  non-performance 
of  contract ; 

Ordered  furthery  That  the  operation  of  the  said  resolution 
of  April  1, 1868,  be  suspended  as  to  the  following  contracts: 

No.  4,  Ambrose  Hill  contractor,  dated  December  2, 1865. 

No.  6,  Archibald  Black  contractor,  dated  December  2, 1865. 

No.  7,  "Russell  M.  Lapree   contractor,  dated    December  2, 

1865. 

8 


58  PBOCEEDINQS  OF  THB 

No.  9,  Milo  p.  Randall  contractor,  dated  December  2, 1865. 

Nob.  10  and  11,  David  M.  Black  contractor,  dated  December 
2, 1865. 

No.  12,  J.  P.  Demorest  contractor,  dated  December  2, 1865. 

No.  13,  King  Allen  contractor,  dated  December  2, 1865. 

No.  14,  Andrew  C.  Maxwell  contractor,  dated  December  2, 
1865. 

No.  — y  Joshua  Moe  contractor,  dated  December  7, 1865. 

SfoflMand  SANILAC  AND  BAY  STATE  EOAD. 

B«y. 

Ordered,  That  the  following  contracts  be,  and  the  same  are 
hereby  declared  forfeited,  and  the  S.  L.  S.  R  Commissioner  is 
hereby  authorized  and  instructed,  to  immediately  prosecute  the 
contractors  and  their  sureties  for  non-performance  of  contract, 
viz: 

So  much  of  contract  No.  2,  as  applies  to  the  construction  of 
Sec.  3,  of  said  contract,  which  was  made  with  Eber  B.  Ward, 
September  24, 1861. 

Contract  No.  4,  except  Sec.  11  of  said  contract,  made  with 
said  Ward  September  24, 1861. 

So  much  of  contract  No.  5,  as  applies  to  sections  24  and  25 
of  said  contract  made  with  said  Ward  September  24,  1861; 

And, 

Contract  No.  6,  made  with  said  Ward  on  the  same  date  as 
above. 

Almontand  ALMONT  AND  CASS  BIVER  STATE  BO  AD. 

Cut  rlTer. 

Ordered,  That  the  operation  of  said  resolution  of  April  1, 
1868,  be  suspended  as  to  the  following  contracts,  on  the  recom- 
mendation of  the  S.  L.  S.  R  Commissioner,  viz : 

No.  12,  Hugh  McKenzie  contractor,  dated  February  1, 1866. 

No.  19,  Cyrus  H.  Albertson  contractor,  dated  October  20, 
1866. 

No.  16,  John  Abbot  contractor,  dated  August  17, 1866. 

No.  18,  Daniel  Mixter  contractor,  dated  September  5, 1866. 


STATB  SWAMP  LAKD  BOABD.  5d 

Ordered  further,  That  contract  No.  13,  Reuben  F.  Fletcher 
contractor,  dated  March  15, 1866,  be,  and  the  same  is  hereby 
declared  canceled. 


PORT  HURON,   BAY  CITY,  AND  LAK8IN0  STATB  ROAD.  PortHiwoat 

ana  T  juiiring* 

Ordered,  That  the  operation  of  said  resolution  of  April  1, 
1868,  be  suspended  as  to  contract  of  Elias  W.  Smith ; 
Also, 
As  to  the  contract  of  Wm.  Mercer. 

CLIO  AND  CHESANINQ  STATE  BOAD.  CUoand 

Chflianing 

(Formerly  Saginaw  and  Geneaeo  State  Road.) 

Ordered,  That  the  following  contracts  be,  and  the  same  are 
hereby  declared  canceled,  viz : 
Contract  of  Wm.  Bolf,  dated  June  10, 1863. 
Contract  of  Yates  T.  Cole,  dated  July  2, 1863. 

SANILAC  AND  TUSCOLA  STATE  ROAD.  SaaOao  and 

ToBOoIa. 

Ordered,  That  contract  No.  9,  made  with  Henry  W.  Bimey, 
Gleoige  Sampson,  John  McGregor,  and  Wm.  Hannah  be,  and 
the  same  is  hereby  declared  forfeited,  and  the  S.  L.  S.  B.  Com- 
missioner is  hereby  authorized  and  instructed  to  prosecute, 
without  delay,  the  said  contractors  and  their  sureties  for  non- 
performance of  contract ; 

Ordered  further.  That  the  operation  of  said  resolution  of 
April  1, 1868,  be  suspended  as  to  contract  No.  6,  made  with 
Martin  Moore. 

DITCH  IN   SANILAC    COUNTY — KNOWN  AS  ELK   CREEK  DITCH.  Ditch  In 

SanilaoCo^ 

With  regard  to  said  ditch,  the  following  preamble  and  reso- Eik^Saek 
lution  were  adopted,  viz : 

Whereas,  This  Board  has  good  reason  to  believe  that  all 
the  facts  were  not  fully  before  it  when  its  action  of  July  3, 
was  taken ;  therefore, 


W  PBOCEEDIKOS  OF  THE 

Resolvedy  That  the  contractor,  John  L.  Woods,  be  instructed 
to  suspend  operations  on  said  ditch,  and  that  the  pf»*ties 
interested  in  said  contract  appear  before  this  Board,  at  its  next 
meeting,  August  3,  1868,  to  show  cause,  why  said  contract 
should  not  be  canceled. 

SAnUMand  SANILAC  ANP  HUKOX   STATE  ROAD. 

Huron. 

Ordered,  That  the  operation  of  said  resolution  of  April  1, 
1868,  be  suspended  as  to  the  following  contracts,  viz : 
No.  1,  Peter  Janett  contractor,  dated  January  26, 1867. 
No.  5,  Joseph  Heathcote  contractor,  dated  January  26, 1867. 
No.  6,  Morris  Coleman  contractor,  dated  January  26,  1867. 
No.  7,  Alfred  Gunning  contractor,  dated  February  1,  1867. 

TuacoU  and  TUSCOLA    AND   SAGINAW  BAY  STATE   ROAD. 

Saginaw  Bay 

Orderedy  That  the  following  contracts  be,  and  the  same  are 
hereby  declared  forfeited,  and  the  S.  L.  S.  R  Commissioner  is 
hereby  authorized  and  instructed  to  prosecute  the  contractors 
and  their  sureties  for  non-performance  of  their  contracts,  viz : 

Contract  of  Granger  Allen,  dated  November  11,  1865; 
commencing  at  the  23|  mile  stake  on  said  road,  in  Tuscola 
county,  and  running  to  the  24^  mile  stake. 

Contract  of  David  W.  Atterbury,  dated  November  11, 1865, 
for  the  same  work  as  the  above  contract  of  Allen's  covered. 

Ordered  further^  That  the  operation  of  the  said  resolution 
of  April  1, 1868,  be  suspended  as  to  the  following  contracts, 
viz: 

Contract  of  Granger  Allen  and  James  G.  Leffingwell,  dated 
Nov.  11,  1867. 

Contract  of  William  Wills,  dated  November  11, 1867. 

Contract  of  A.  Black,  dated  November  11, 1867. 

gtLonU  ST.   LOUIS  AND   PINE  RIVER  STATE  ROAD. 

andPlne 

Orderedy  That  the  operation  of  said  resolution  of  April  1, 
1868,  be  susi)ended  as  to  contract  of  George  Spayd. 


STATE  SWAMP  LAND  BOARD.  61 

BIO   RAPIDS  AND  QRAKD  RAPIDS  STATE  ROAD. 

Biff  Bftpidfr 

Ordered.  That  the  operation  of  said  resolution  of  April  1,  ind  QmA 

*  Bapids. 

1868,  be  suspended  as  to  the  following  contracts,  viz : 
Contract  of  Nelson  Oanong,  dated  June  11, 1866. 
Contract  of  George  French,  dated  November  1, 1860. 

MOKTCALM   AND  GRATIOT  STATE  STATE   ROAD.  Montoiam 

and  GratioU 

The  account  of  Wilson  Homer,  Local  Commissioner,  for 
expenses  of  surveying  and  for  disbursements,  was  allowed  at 
$231  60. 

CLIO   AND  CEESANING  STATE  ROAD-  SilSuiff 

The  profile  and  diagram  of  the  survey  of  the  road,  as  drawn 
by  M.  B.  Stage,  and  deposited  in  the  office  of  the  S.  L.  S.  B. 
Commissioner,  was  approved. 

STATE  ROAD  FROM  VIENNA  10  THE  OHIO  STATE  LINE.         State  B<Md 

ftom  Vien^ 
na  to  Ohio 

The  survey  and  map  on  file  in  the  office  of  the  S.  L.  S.  B.  state  une. 
Commissioner,  Was  approved. 

THIRD  DIVISION— ALLEGAN,  MUSKEGON,  AND  TRAVERSE  BAY  Third  Dirto 

aiOD — AUo- 
STATE  ROAD.  gan,  Mueke- 

son  and 
TraTerso 

The  map  and  survey,  deposited  in  the  office  of  the  S.  L.  S.|jy^*^ 
R.  Commissioner,  was  approved. 

PORTAGE  RIVER   STATE  ROAD.  EfrjJir 

The  account  of  William  Page,  Local  Conmiissioner,  for 
expenses  of  survey  and  for  disbursements,  was  allowed  at 
1130  30. 

MIDLAND  CITY,  HOUGHTON  LAKE,  AND  TRAVERSE  BAY  STATE  ciS^Hough- 

BOAD.  ^^\SL% 

eneBay. 

The  account  of  D.  W.  C.  Leach,  Local  Commissioner,  for 
laying  out  and  establishing  said  road,  was  allowed  at  1881  68. 


6g  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE 

Akron  Ditch  AKRON   DITCH. 

Ordered^  That  the  operation  of  said  resolution  of  April  1, 
1868,  he  suspended  as  to  the  following  contracts,  viz : 

Nos- 1,  2,  and  3,  dated  March,  1867. 

No.  6,  dated  May  9,  1867,  made  with  John  S.  Coy,  and 
assigned  to  Chas.  Lamerd. 

No.  7,  John  S.  Coy  contractor,  dated  October,  1865,  and 
assigned  to  said  Lamerd. 

No.  4,  James  A.  Crowell  contractor,  dated  February,  1867. 

No.  5,  Charles  Curtis  contractor,  dated  May  29, 1867. 

.On  motion,  the  Board  adjourned  to  to-morrow  morning. 


TWENTY^FIRST  MEETING. 

Lansing,  July  9, 1868. 

The  Board  met  aft  the  office  of  the  Secretary  of  State  accor- 
ding to  adjournment. 
Present: 
Some  as  on  ye^teitday. 

EMt  Sagi-    EAST    SAOIKAIT,  BATJBLE    BIYEK,  AND    DUNCAN    STATE  BOAD. 
naw,  Sanblo 
river  and 

jDuncMi.  The  map  and  survey,  as  drawn  by  Godard  and  Guild,  and 
deposited  in  the  oflSce  of  the  S.  L.  S.  R  Commissioner,  were 
Appi«oved. 

BlffBaplds  BIG   BAPIDS  AND  GBAND  BAPIDS  STATE  BOAD. 

and  Grand 

Bapkla. 

Whereas,  From  the  records  in  the  office  of  the  S.  L.  S.  R* 
Commissioner,  it  appears  that  K  L.  Gray,  a  contractor  on  said 
road,  by  contract  made  January  12, 1863,  agreed  to  build  21 
miles  upon  said  road,  and. 

Whereas,  It  appears  that  said  contract  was  finally  accepted 
Sept  9,  1864,  for  two  miles,  which  with  prior  acceptances, 
amounted  to  22  miles,  being  one  mile  more  than  was  corered 
by  his  said  contract ;  therefore. 


STATE  SWAMP  LAND  BOARl!>.  ^3 

Resolvedy  That  the  matter  be  referred  to  the  S.  L.  S.  E. 
Commissioner  for  investigation,  said  Commissioner  to  report  to 
this  Board  at  an  early  day. 

AKRON    DITCH.  Akron  Ditoh 

Ordered,  That  the  following  contracts  be,  and  the  same  are 
hereby  declared  canceled,  viz: 

No.  1,  Granger  Allen  contractor,  dated  May  7, 1864. 
No.  2,  Martin  Hall  contractor,  dated  May  7, 1864. 
No.  3,  Daniel  Heenstrut  contractor,  dated  May  7, 1864. 
No.  4,  Lemuel  Stone  contractor,  dated  May  7, 1864. 
No.  5,  Charles  Curtis  contractor,  dated  May  7, 1864. 
No.  6,  J.  S.  Coy  contractor,  dated  October  20, 1865. 
No.  7,  J.  S.  Coy  contractor,  dated  October  20, 1866. 

ENGLISHVILLE  AND  CROTON  STATE  ROAD.  KMrltahTllto 

ftnaCroton. 

The  bond  of  Wm.  G.  Stebbins,  Local  Commissioner,  with 
Edwin  Bradford  and  Chas.  E.  Belknap  as  sureties,  was 
approved. 

On  motion,  the  Board  adjourned. 


TWENTY-SECOND  MEETING. 

Lansing,  August  26, 1868. 

The  Board  met  at  the  oflSce  of  the  Secretary  of  State. 

Present: 

Hon.  E.  0.  Grosvenor,  State  Treasurer, 

Hon.  Wm.  Humphrey,  Auditor  General, 

Hon.  B.  D.  Pritchard,  Commissioner  Land  OflSce, 

Hon.  0.  L.  Spaulding,  Secretary  of  State. 

On  motion, 

Hon.  B.  D.  Pritchard  was  chosen  chairman  pro  tern. 


64  PR0CBEDIN08  OF  THE 

AD««n,  ALLEGAN,   MUSKEGON,   AND  TRAVERSE  BAY   STATE  ROAD. 

MnMegOD, 

and  Trsy- 

•pM  Bay.  On  the  recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S.  R.  Commissioner,  it 
was  ordered  that  the  route  of  the  road  in  T.  6  N.,  of  R.  15  W., 
be  changed  so  as  to  conform  with  profile  and  survey  of  said 
road,  this  day  filed  in  the  office  of  the  Commissioner  aforesaid, 
with  the  original  survey. 

^Jjg^jj^  ALLEGAN  AND   LAKE  SHORE  STATE   ROAD. 

The  account  of  John  A.  Kerr  &  Co.,  for  publishing  the  post- 
ponement of  road  letting,  was  allowed  at  $7  00. 

Montcalm  MONTCALM  AND  GRATIOT  STATE   ROAD, 

and  Gratiot. 

The  survey  of  the  road  this  day  filed  in  the  office  of  the 
S.  L.  S.  R.  Commissioner,  was  approved. 

The  account  of  S.  S.  Hastings,  surveyor  on  said  road,  was 
allowed  at  160  00. 

The  account  of  Jno.  0.  Palmer,  surieyor  on  said  road,  was 
allowed  at  $45  00. 

The  account  of  Wilson  Homer,  Jjocal  Commissioner  on  said 
road,  was  allowed  at  $137  44. 

Oapaoand  CAPAC   AND    CLYDE  EXTENSION  STATE  ROAD. 

Clyde  eztcn- 

fllOD. 

The  bond  of  Aaron  B.  Rawles,  Local  Commissioner,  with 
'     dharles  F.  Malory  and  Elisha  Calkins  as  suieties,  was  approved. 

?||?*n*^»n*  SAGINAW'  AND  OWOSSO  STATE  ROAD. 

Owosso. 

The  Bond  of  R.  W.  Beaman,  Local  Commissioner,  with  A. 
A.  Brockway  and  D.  H.  Jerome  as  sureties,  was  approved. 

Wettarn  DI- WESTERN  DIVISION   OF  THE  ALMA   AND  CLINTON  STATE  ROAD, 
-vision— 

offton?         The  bond  of   Milton  Bradley,  Local  Commissioner,  with 
Landon  Bently  and  Isaac  A.  Fanchar  as  sureties,  was  approved. 


STATE  SWAMP  LANI)  BOAED.  65 

SOUTHERN  DIVISION  OF  THE  ALMA  AND  CLINTON  STATE  BOAD*  Sontheni 

DiriBlon^ 
Alma  and 

The  bond  of  James  Gargett,  Local  Commissioner  on  saidcu^ton. 
rood,  viih  M.  Polasky  and  A.  Gerington  as  sureties,  was 
approved. 

ELK    CEEEK  DITCH.  ElkCreA 

Ditoh. 

Messrs.  J.  C.  Waterbury  and  J.  L.  Woods,  having  appeared 
before  the  Board,  and  made  their  statements  in  writing,  by 
which  it  appears  that  the  contractor  has  been  using  reasonable 
diligence  to  perform  his  contract,  and  on  the  recommendation 
of  the  S.  L.  S.  R  Commissioner,  who  had  previously  examined 
the  work,  it  was  ordered  that  the  resolution  of  July  8,  be,  and 
the  same  is  hereby  rescinded. 

OVID  AND  ST.  GHAELBS  STATE  BOAD.  OtMmmI 

StCharlM. 

On  the  recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S.  R.  Commissioner,  the 
route  of  said  road  through  sections  2  and  11,  T.  9  N.,  of  R.  1 
W.,  was  changed  so  as  to  correspond  with  the  surrey  and  plat 
this  day  filed  in  the  office  of  the  S.  L.  S.  R  Commissioner. 

On  motion, 

The  Board  adjourned  to  to-morrow  at  9  o'clock  A.  M. 


TWENTY-THIRD  MEETING. 

Lansing,  August  27, 1868. 

Board  met  according  to  adjournment 
Present — same  as  yesterday. 

ALMA  AND  CLINTON  STATE  BOAD.  Aim*  and 

CUnton. 

On  the  recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S.  R.  Commissioner, 
the  acceptance  by  a  Local  Commissioner  of  the  contract  of 
Nelson  Ives,  was  approved. 

9 


66  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE 

BMtDi-        EASTERN  DIVISION — PORT  HURON,    BAY  CITY,    AND  LANSING 

vUion— 

Port  Huron,  STATE  ROAD. 

aadLansbg. 

On  the  recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S.  B.  Commissioner^ 
the  acceptance  by  a  Local  Commissioner  of  the  contracts  of 
Elias  Steele  from  the  48th  to  the  50th,  from  the  50th  to  the 
51st,  and  from  the  5l8t  to  the  52d  mile  p6st ;  also,  from  the 
east  end  of  the  fourth  quarter  of  the  55th  mile,  to  the  west 
end  of  the  3d  quarter  of  the  56th  mile,  and  from  the  4th 
quarter  of  the  56th  mile  to  the  1st  quarter  of  the  57th  mile, 
are  hereby  approved. 

tenbto  rlT«r  SAUBLE  RIVER  BRIDGE. 

Bridge. 

The  account  of  John  A.  Kerr  &  Co.,  for  advertising,  is 
hereby  allowed  at  14  90. 

EnfUshvUto  ENGLISHVILLE    AND  CROTON  STATE  ROAD. 

ADaCroton. 

On  the  recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S.  R  Commissioner, 
the  acceptance  by  a  Local  Commissioner  of  the  contract  of  R 
L.  Gray,  No.  4,  from  the  6th  mile  post  at  Earle's  mills,  to  the 
north  side  of  Dake  creek — two  and  one-half  mil^  was 
approved. 

L.peerand  LAPEER  AND  TUSCOLA   STATE  ROAD. 

Tnaoolft. 

On  the  recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S.  R.  Commissioner, 
the  acceptance  by  a  Local  Commissioner  of  the  contract  of 
Hiram  Curtis,  No.  1,  from  the  quarter  section  comer  between 
sections  11  and  12,  in  T.  10  N.,  of  R.  11  E.,  to  Sec.  1,  in  said 
town,— one  and  one-half  miles ;  also,  that  part  running  east 
from  the  N.  K  corner  of  said  section,  to  the  S.  W.  corner  of 
Sec.  36,  in  T.  11  N.,  of  R 11  K, — sixty-five  chains  and  seventy- 
seven  links,  was  approved. 

Almontaad  ALMONT  AND  CASS  RIVER  STATE  ROAD. 

Omi  RlTor. 

On  the  recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S.  R.  Commissioner, 
the  acceptance  by  a  Local  Commissioner  of  the  contract  of 


8TATB  SWAMP  LAND  BOARD.  67 

Jeptha  Tucker,  from  the  quarter  post  between  sections  22  and 
23,  in  T.  8  N.,  of  B.  12  R,  southward  to  the  south  line  of  said 
sections,  being  one-half  mile,  was  approved. 

ST.  LOUIS  AND   PINE  RIVER   STATE  ROAD.  md^e 

river. 

On  the  recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S.  B.  Commissioner, 
the  acceptance  by  a  Local  Commissioner  of  the  contract  of 
George  Spayd,  from  the  quarter  post  between  sections  26  and 
27,  T.  12  N.,  of  R.  3  W.,  to  a  point  167  rods  east,  was  approved. 

WESTERN  DIVISION — PORT  HURON,  BAY  CITY,  AND   LANSING  Weitem  W- 

vlalon— Port 
STATE  ROAD.  Huron,  B»y 

Cltyftnd 
LftnBlng. 

On  the  recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S.  R.  Commissioner, 
the  acceptance  by  a  Local  Commissioner  of  the  contract  of 
Elias  W.  Smith,  from  section  post  No.  42,  to  the  north  end  of 
Pme  river  bridge,  three-fourths  of  a  mile,  was  approved. 

BIG   RAPIDS  AND  GRAND  RAPIDS  STATE  ROAD.  Bl^Raplda 

Bapldfl. 

On  the  recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S.  R.  Commissioner, 
the  acceptance  by  a  Local  Commissioner  of  the  contract  of  E. 
L  Gray,  No.  16,  for  a  bridge  across  Tamarack  Creek,  was 
approved ; 

Also, 

The  acceptance  of  the  contract  of  K  L.  Gray,  No.  16,  of  two 
miles  on  the  north  end  of  the  contract,  was  approved  on  the 
same  recommendation. 

ALKONT  AND  CASS  RIVER  STATE  ROAD.  Almontind 

Cub  rljer. 

On  the  recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S.  R  Commissioner,  the 
acceptance  by  a  Local  Commissioner  of  the  contract  of  Daniel 
Mixter,  No.  18,  from  the  north-east  comer  of  Sec.  15,  in  T.  7 
N^  of  R.  12  E.,  to  the  place  where  the  old  railroad  track  inter- 
sects the  quarter  line  of  section  15,  about  one  mile,  was 
approved. 


68  PBOCEEDINGS  OP  THE 

N«waTgo  NEWAYGO  AKD  NORTHPOBT  STATE  ROAD, 

and  North- 
port 

On  the  recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S,  R  Commissioner,  the 
acceptance  of  the  contract  of  J.  M.  Cook  &  Co.,  from  the  4l8t 
to  the  56th  mile  post,  15  miles,  was  approved ; 

Also, 

The  acceptance  of  the  contract  of  Edgar  L.  Gray,  No.  22, 
remainder  of  contract,  being  two  miles  and  95  rods,  was 
approved  on  the  same  recommendation. 

OridaadSt  OVID  AKD  ST.  CHARLES  STATE  ROAD. 

QiarlM. 

On  the  recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S.  K.  Commissioner,  the 
acceptance  by  a  Local  Commissioner  of  the  contract  of  N. 
Peacock,  No.  1,  of  fonr  miles  on  the  south  end  of  the  contract, 
was  approved. 

BridMton  BRIDGETOK    AND  OSCEOLA  STATE  ROAD, 

and  OeoeoU. 

On  the  recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S.  R.  Commissioner,  the 
acceptance  by  a  Local  Commissioner  of  the  contract  of  James 
Sutherland,  for  two  miles,  from  the  quarter  post  between  sec- 
tions  20  and  21,  in  T.  15  N.,  of  R  10  W.,  thence  south-westerly 
two  miles,  was  approved. 

Dnnoan,  DUNCAN,  ALPENA,  AND  SAUBLE  RIVER  STATE  ROAD. 

Alpena  and 
Bauble  Blrer 

The  account  of  Godard  and  Guild,  for  surveying  and 
making  plats  and  maps,  was  allowed  at  1610  30; 

Also, 

On  the  recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S.  R  Commissioner,  the 
route  from  the  88th  to  the  115th  mile  post  was  changed  so  as 
to  conform  to  the  route  shown  on  the  survey  and  map  made  by 
Godard  and  Guild,  filed  this  day  in  the  office  of  the  S.  L.  S. 
R.  Commissioner. 


EastSaffl-  EAST  SAGINAW   AND   SAUBLE  RTVER  STATE  ROAD, 

nawaod 

The  account  of  E.  F.  Guild  for  making  map,  was  allowed  at 
135  00. 


STATE  SWAMP  LAND  BOARD.  69 

EAST  SAQIKAW  AND  JUNCTION  STATE  ROAD.  BtttSafl- 

nftwaaa 
Jnnetioii. 

The  account  of  S.  C.  Mtmson,  Local  Commissioner,  was 
allowed  at  $54  00 ; 

Also, 

On  the  recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S.  K.  Commissioner,  the 
acceptance  by  a  Local  Commissioner  of  the  contract  of  B.  B. 
Buckhout,  dated  September  1, 1867,  from  the  north-west  comer 
of  Sec  21,  in  T.  12  K,  of  R.  6  E.,  to  the  quarter  stake  of  said 
section,  being  one-half  mile,  was  approved ; 

Also, 

On  the  recommendation  as  above,  the  acceptance  by  a  Local 
Commissioner  of  the  contract  of  said  Buckhout  from  the  N 
W.  comer  of  Sec  22,  in  T.  12  N.,  of  B.  6  K,  running  north- 
easterly to  where  said  road  intersects  the  Bay  City  and  Vassar 
road,  being  one-half  mile,  was  approved. 

MINERAL  RANGE  STATE  ROAD.  Mtoerri 

Range. 

On  the  recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S.  R.  Commissioner,  the 
acceptance  of  the  contract  of  Keweenaw  county.  No.  1,  from 
the  middle  of  the  39th  Sec  to  the  end  of  Sec  40,  being  one- 
half  mile,  was  approved. 

CLIO  AND  CHESANING  STATE  ROAD.  CUo  and 

Cbouning. 

On  the  recommendation  as  above,  the  acceptance  of  the  con- 
tract of  John  Johnson,  from  the  S.  W.  comer  of  section  18,  in 
T.  9  N.,  of  B.  6  K,  to  the  S.  E.  corner  of  said  section,  being 
one  mile,  was  approved. 

ALMONT  AND  GASS  RIVER  STATE  ROAD.  Almont  and 

OuarlTer. 

On  the  recommendation  of  the  S.  li.  S.  R.  Commissioner,  the 
acceptance  by  a  Local  Commissioner  of  the  contract  of  Hugh 
McKenzie,  No.  12,  from  the  N.  R  corner  of  Sec  22,  south  to 
the  quarter  post  between  sections  22  and  23,  inT.  8  N.,  of  R 
12  E.,  being  one-half  mile,  was  approved ; 

Also, 


70  PB0CEEDING8  OF  THE 

On  recommendation  as  above,  the  acceptance  of  the  con- 
tract of  John  Abbot,  from  the  S.  "W.  comer  of  Sec.  33,  on 
township  line  between  Bumside  and  Goodland,  to  the  S.  K 
comer  of  Sec.  34,  in  T.  9  N.,  of  R.  12  E.,  being  two  miles,  was 
approved. 

Bridge  over  BBIDGB  OVER  AU  BAUBLE    RIVEB. 

An  Sanble 

riyer. 

On  the  recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S.  R.  Commissioner,  it 
was  ordered  that  the  place  of  crossing  the  river  be  changed  to 
a  point  designated  on  a  map  of  Alpena  village,  drawn  by  E. 
N.  Breckinridge,  and  this  day  filed  in  the  oflSce  of  the  S.  L.  S. 
R»  Commissioner. 

lonUand  lOKIA   AND  SMYRNA  STATE  ROAD. 

BniTniA. 

The  account  of  Bingham,  Kerr  &  Co.,  for  printing,  was 
allowed  at  $4  20. 

Also, 
•   The    account    of  Taylor  &  Stevenson    for   printing,  was 
allowed  at  $5  50. 

Wtaooneln  WISCONSIN  AND  LAKE  SUPERIOR  STATE  ROAD. 

and  Lako 

Boporior. 

On  the  recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S.  B.  Commissioner,  the 
route  as  shown  by  map  filed  in  the  office  of  the  said  Commis- 
sioner, by  J.  S.  Putnam,  of  this  date,  was  approved. 

Ifaaistee  MANISTEE  AND  LELAND  STATE  ROAD. 

aadliMland. 

On  the  recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S.  K.  Commissioner, 
the  route  as  shown  by  a  map  filed  by  V.  F.  Thurston,  Local 
Commissioner,  in  the  office  of  the  S.  L.  S.  E.  Commissioner, 
bearing  date  of  filing  of  to-day,  was  approved. 


Port  Huron.  PORT  HURON,  BAY  CITY,  AND  LANSING  STATE  ROAD. 

■naLaoaing. 

On  the  rdcommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S.  R  Commissioner,  it 
was  ordered  that  the  line  of  said  road,  from  its  intersection 


STATB  SWAMP  LAND  BOARD.  71 

with  the  Lexington  and  Flint  river  road,  to  the  east  line  of 
Sec.  15,  in  T.  9  N.,  of  R  14  K,  be  vacated,  and  the  ronte  of 
flaid  road  be  established  on  the  Une  of  said  Lexington  and 
Flint  river  road,  from  said  point  of  intersection,  to  the  east 
line  of  Sec.  34,  in  T.  10  N.,  of  R  14  E.,  thence  south  to  said 
point  in  said  Sec.  15,  T.  9  N.,  of  R  14  E. 

SANILAC   AND   HURON  STATE  ROAD.  SanUaouid 

Huron. 

On  the  recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S.  R  Commissioner, 
80  much  of  the  route  of  said  road  as  is  shown  by  a  profile  this 
day  filed  in  the  office  of  the  S.  L.  S.  R  Commissioner,  was 
approved. 

HURON  CITY  AND  BAD  AX  STATE  ROAD.  Hnronaty 

and  Bad  Ax. 

On  the  recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S.  R  Commissioner, 
the  route  of  the  road  from  Huron  City  to  Verona,  as  shown  by 
a  profile  drawn  by  Richard  Smith,  county  surveyor,  and  this 
day  filed  in  the  office  of  the  S.  L.  S.  R  Commissioner,  was 
approved. 

BAY  DB  NOC   AND  GREEN   BAY  STATE   ROAD.  Bar  Da  Noc 

ana  Green 
Bay. 

The  diagram  and  field  notes  for  a  part  of  the  northern 
division  of  said  road,  made  by  E.  P.  Eoyce  in  Jun^  and  July, 
1868,  and  now  on  file  in  the  office  of  the  S.  L.  S.  R  Commis- 
sioner, was  approved. 

On  motion  the  Board  adjourned. 


TWENTY-FOURTH  MEETING. 

Lansing,  October  7,  1868. 

The  Board  met  at  the  office  of  the  Secretary  of  State. 
Present:  • 

Hon.  E.  O.  Grosvenor,  State  Treasurer, 


a  PBOCBBDINGS  OP  THS 

Hon.  Wm.  Humphrey,  Auditor  Gkneral^ 

Hon.  B.  D.  Pritchard,  Oom'r  State  Land  OflSce, 

Hon.  0.  L.  Spaulding,  Secretary  of  State. 

On  motion, 

Hon.  B.  D.  Pritchard  was  chosen  Chairman  pro  iem. 

Sti?*^''  ST.  mart's  falls  and  mackikac  state  road. 

MaeUnac 

The  account  of  E.  Ashman,  Local  Commissioner  on  said 
road,  was  allowed  at  $27  00. 

Also, 

The  account  of  Bingham,  Kerr  &  Co.,  for  advertising  notices 
to  contractors  on  said  road,  was  allowed  at  15  25. 

On  the  recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S.  B.  Commissioner,  the 
acceptance  of  the  contract,  No.  1,  of  W.  H.  Hill,  for  two  miles 
of  road,  being  from  the  quarter  post  on  the  west  side  of  Sec. 
18,  in  T.  —  N.,  on  the  meridian  line,  and  thence  south  two 
miles,  was  approved. 

Also, 

The  acceptance  of  the  balance  of  W.  H.  HilFs  contract, 
No.  1,  being  3  miles,  was  approved. 

BoAdin  ROAD  IN  BHIAWA8SBB   TOWNSHIP,    SHIAWASSEE   COUNTY. 

Bhlnnifloo 

townBhlp,  (Act  No.  80,  Session  Laws  1866.) 

Bhlswsssee 

oonntj. 

On  the  recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S.  R.  Commissioner, 
Thomas  Munger  was  allowed  240  acres  of  land  in  full  pay- 
ment of  his  contract  on  said  road. 

^^,    ^     ^  MIDLAND  AND  ISABELLA  STATE  ROAD. 

Mtdlsadsnd 

iMbeUs. 

On  the  recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S.  B.  Commissioner, 
the  acceptance  of  the  contracts,  Nos.  11,  and  12,  of  John  Lar- 
kin,  for  two  miles  of  said  road,  were  approved. 

fi^^tiamviA  SAGINAW,  AND  GRATIOT  STATE  ROAD. 

Qrstlot 

On  the  recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S.  B.  Commissioner,  the 
acceptance  of  the  contract  of  Wellington  B.  Burt  for  Sec  No. 


STATE  SWAMP  LAKD  BOABD.  73 

2,  of  said  road  east  of  St.  Louis,  being  one  mile,  commencing 
at  Sec  stake  ^o.  1,  and  ending  at  Sec.  stake  No.  2,  was 
approved. 

WEST     DIVISION     OF     LEXINGTON    AND     FLINT    RIVEE    STATE  W«8t  Dtrla- 

ion  of  Lez- 
ROAD.  tofton  and 

Flint  Eiyer. 

On  the  recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S.  B.  Commissioner,  the 
acceptance  of  the  contract,  No.  4,  of  John  Wilson  for  1  and  f 
miles  on  the  south  end  of  said  job,  was  approved. 

EAST  SAGINAW   AND  JUNCTION   STATE   ROAD.  EutBaffi- 

nawand 
^^  Junction. 

On  the  recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S.  R.  Commissioner,  the 
acceptance  of  the  contract  of  B.  B.  Buckhout  for  i  of  a  mile 
flx)m  the  quarter  stake  between  sections  24  and  13,  in  T.  12  N., 
of  R.  5  R,  running  east,  was  approved. 

NEWAVGO  AND   NORTHPORT  STATE  ROAD.  Nwrorgo 

and  Norths 

On  the  recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S.  R.  Commissioner,  the 
acceptance  of  the  contract  of  Joseph  Cook  &  Co.,  for  the  61st 
mile  of  said  contract,  was  approved ; 

Also, 

The  acceptance  of  the  contract  of  J.  M.  Cook  &  Co.,  dated 
September  4, 1867,  from  the  56th  to  the  60th,  from  the  63d  to 
the  64th,  and  from  the  82d  to  the  84th  mile  post,  being  seven 
miles,  was  approved. 

ACCEPTANCES  OF  CONTRACTS    ON  DIFFERENT  ROADS,  Aoo«ptanoe» 

of  contracts. 

APPROVED. 

« 

On  the  recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S.  R.  Commissioner,  the 
acceptances  of  Local  Commissioners  of  the  contracts  of  the 
following  named  persons  on  the  several  roads  named,  were 
approved: 

10 


74  PROCEEDINGS  OP  THE 

MuBkegon  MUSKEGON  AND  CEDAR  SPRINGS  STATE  ROAD. 

and  Cedar 

Spriogs. 

The  acceptance  of  the  contract  of  Harry  and  William  War- 
trous,  from  the  S.  E.  comer  of  Sec.  25,  T.  10  N.,  of  K.  11  W., 
to  the  S.  E.  comer  of  Sec  28,  in  the  same  town  and  range, 
being  three  miles,  was  approved  ; 

Also, 

The  acceptance  of  the  contract  of  the  same  persons  from  the 
S.  E.  comer  of  Sec.  28,  to  the  quarter  post  on  the  south  side 
of  Sec.  29,  T.  10  N.,  of  R.  11  W.,  being  one  and  one-half  miles, 
was  approved. 

Orld  and  8t  OYID  AND  ST.  CHARLES  STATE  ROAD. 

Charles. 

The  acceptance  of  the  contract  of  N.  Peacock  for  one  mile, 
lying  between  sections  25  and  26,  township  of  Elba,  Gratiot 
county,  was  approved. 

BastDlTtfl-        EAST  DIVISION — PORT  HURON,  BAY   CITY,    AND  LANSING 
ion  Port  Ho- 

^^^J  .     STATE  ROAD.  « 

City- and 

Lansing. 

The  acceptance  of  the  contract  of  Elias  Steele  for  the  west 
i  of  the  49th  mile,  west  J  of  the  57th  mile,  and  the  east  J  of 
the  58th  mile,  being  two  miles,  was  approved. 

Almont  and  ALMONT  AND  CASS  RIVER  STATE  ROAD. 

Oassriyer. 

The  acceptance  of  the  entire  contract  of  C.  H.  Albertson, 
being  one  and  two  hundred  and  fifty-two  three  hundred  and 
twentieths  miles,  was  approved. 

GreennUo  GREENVILLE  AND  BIG   RAPIDS  STATE  ROAD. 

and  Big 

Bapids. 

The  acceptance  of  the  contract  of  J.  B.  Barr  for  four  miles 
177  rods  and  12  links  on  the  line  of  said  road,  commencing 
73  rods  north  from  the  quarter  post  on  the  east  side  of  section 
16,  in  T.  12  N*,  of  R.  8  W.,  and  running  north,  was  approved; 

Also, 


STATE  SWAMP  LAND  BOARD.  75 

The  acceptance  of  the  contract  of  the  same  party  for  one  mile 
of  said  road,  commencing  at  the  S.  E.  comer  of  Sec.  21,  in  T. 
13  N.,  of  E.  8  W.,  and  running  north ; 

Also, 

The  acceptance  of  another  contract  of  the  same  party  for  160 
rods  and  86  links,  commencing  at  the  quarter  post  on  the  S. 
side  of  Sec.  18,  in  T.  13  N.,  of  R.  8  W.,  and  running  north- 
westerly on  the  line  of  said  road,  approved. 

lUDLAND,   HOUGHTOK    LAKE,    AND  .  GRAND    TRAVERSE    STATE  Midland, 

Houghton 

ROAD.  }f^\^^ 

Onnd 

TrftTOTW. 

The  acceptance  of  the  contract  of  Sylvester  En^ay,  for  a 
bridge  on  the  line  of  said  road,  approved. 

WEST  DIVISION  OF  MIDLAND,  HOUGHTON  LAKE,  AND  GRAND  West  DItIb- 

ion — 

TRAVERSE  STATE  ROAD.  M*^^?» 

Honghton 

Lake  and 

The  acceptance  of  the  entire  contract  of  Oscar  S.  Noble  for^J^^'^^^' 
5  miles  of  said  road,  being  from  the  1st  to  the  5th  mile  inclu- 
sive, approved. 

ALMA  AND  CLINTON  STATE  ROAD.  Alma  and 

Clinton. 

The  account  of  Bingham,  Kerr  &  Co.,  for  advertising 
notices  to  contractors  on  said  road,  was  allowed  at  13  50. 

SAGINAW,  GRATIOT,  AND    NEWAYGO  STATE  ROAD.  Saginaw, 

Gratiot  and 
Newajgo. 

The  account  of  Bingham,  Kerr  &  Co.,  for  advertising  notice 
to  contractors  on  said  road,  was  allowed  at  13  50. 

ONTONAGON   AND  STATE   LINE  STATE  ROAD.  Ontonagon 

and  State 
line. 

The  account  of  Bingham,  Kerr  &  Co.,  for  advertising  notice 
to  contractors  on  said  road,  was  allowed  at  124  50. 


DUNCAN,  ALPENA,  AND  SAUBLE  RIVER  STATE  ROAD.  Dnncan,  Al- 

pena,  and 
SanbleBlTer 

The  account  of  Samuel  Leavitt,  for  surveying  road  from 
Harrisville  to  Alpena,  was  allowed  at  $36  00 ; 


76  PB0CBEDING8  OF  THE 

Also, 

The  account  of  L.  Doyl,  for  work  on  survey  of  road  between 
Sauble  and  Alpena^  was  allowed  at  $36  00; 

Also, 

The  account  of  Thomas  McGinn,  for  surveying  road 
between  Au  Sauble  and  Alpena,  was  allowed  at  $48  00; 

Also, 

The  account  of  E.  B.  Chamberlain,  Local  Commissioner  on 
said  road,  was  allowed  at  $117  00. 

Also, 

On  the  recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S.  B.  Commissioner,  the 
acceptance  of  the  contract.  No.  15,  of  Miller  and  Patrick  for 
building  5  and  i  miles  of  said  road,  from  Sec.  339,  to  Sec.  361, 
was  approved ; 

Also, 

The  account  of  Bingham,  Kerr  &  Co.,  for  advertising  notice 
to  contractors  on  Sauble  River  bridge,  was  allowed  at  $3  50. 

BlffBaptds  BIG  BAPIDS  AND   QRAKD  RAPIDS  STATE  ROAD. 

ttDdOruid 

On  the  recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S.  R  Commissioner,  the 
acceptance  of  the  contract  of  F.  H.  Todd  for  building  3  miles 
of  road,  being  the  whole  of  contract  No.  13,  was  approved ; 

Also, 

The  acceptance  of  the  balance  of  contract  No.  7,  of  Nelson 
Oanong,  being  one  mile  of  section  No.  42,  (one  mile  having 
been  previously  accepted)  was  approved  on  the  same  recom- 
mendation ; 

Also, 

The  acceptance  of  two  miles  of  the  contract  of  Edgar  L. 
Gray  on  said  road,  was  approved  on  the  same  recommendation. 

WMternDl-         WESTERN  DIVISION — ALMA   AND  CLINTON  STATE  ROAD. 
Titlon — 

Clinton.  The  map  and  survey  made  by  N.  Mosher,  Surveyor,  and  now 

on  file  in  the  office  of  the  S.  L.  S.  B.  Commissioner,  was 
approved. 


STATE  SWAMP  LAKD  BOABD.  77 

MINEBAL  RANGE   STATE  ROAD.  Mln«na 

Kange. 

The  bond  of  Wm.  P.  Eobey,  Local  Commissioner  on  said 
road,  with  P.  A.  Hitchcock  and  E.  C.  Roberts  as  sureties,  was 
approved. 

LEXINGTON  AND  FLINT  RIVER  STATE  ROAD.  ^drfiSf 

Birer. 

The  bond  of  John  C.  Waterbury,  Local  Commissioner  on  said 
road,  with  John  L.  Woods  and  Albert  Pack  as  sureties,  was    % 
approved. 

PORT  HURON,  BAT  CITY,  AND  LANSING  STATE* ROAD.  l^^SSf^* 

andLiDBlnf. 

The  Bond  of  John  C.  Waterbury,  Local  Commissioner  on 
said  road,  with  John  L.  Woods  and  Albert  Pack  as  sureties, 
was  approved. 

WESTERN  DIVISION  OP  ALMA  AND  CLINTON  STATE  ROAD.      Western  Di- 

Tiftionof 
Almftaod 

The  bond  of  Wm.  H.  Nelson  as  Local  Commissioner  on  cunton- 
said  road,  with  George  W.  JeflWes  and  David  Morse  as  sureties, 
was  approved. 

MIDLAND  AND    ISABELLA  STATE   ROAD.  MkUradnd 

laabellft. 

The  bond  of  David  Morse,  Local  Commissioner  on  said 
road,  with  I.  A.  Fancher  and  G.  W.  Jeffries  as  sureties,  was 
approved. 

ALLEGAN  AND  LAKE  SHORE  STATE  ROAD.  f^?^^ 

Lake  Shore. 

The  bond  of  Elisha  Mix,  Local  Commissioner  on  said  road, 
with  Duncan  A.  McMartin  and  Andrew  J.  Kellogg  as  sureties, 
was  approved. 

MINERAL  RANGE  STATE  ROAD.  BOnertl 

Bange. 

On  motion,  it  was  ordered  that  the  route  of  said  road  be 
changed  so  as  to  conform  to  a  map  and  survey  made  by  Wm. 


78  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE 

P.  Baley,  Local  Commissioner,  and  this  day  filed  in  the  office 
of  the  S.  L.  S.  B.  Commissioner; 

Also, 

Said  map  and  survey  are  hereby  approved. 

AHeffui,  ALLEGAN,  HUSKEGON,  AND  TRAVERSE  BAY  STATE  ROAD. 

HauEQgon, 

me  Bay.  Contracts  Nos.  3,  4,  5,  6,  7,  and  8,  made  with  John  Cum- 
mings,  and  No.  2,  made  with  Jared  Wells,  and  No.  5,  made 
'  with  Thomas  M.  Bnssell,  were  ordered  forfeited,  and  the  S.  L. 
S.  R  Commissioner  is  hereby  instructed  to  prosecute  the  con- 
tractors and  their  sureties  for  non-fulfillment  of  contracts. 

Also, 

The  account  of  Bingham,  Kerr  &  Co.,  for  advertising  notice 
to  contractors  on  Bridge  across  Pigeon  Biver,  on  the  line  of 
said  road,  was  allowed  at  $4  20. 

On  motion,  the  Board  adjourned. 


TWENTY-FIFTH  MEETING. 

Lansing^  November  19, 1868. 

The  Board  met*  at  the  oflSce  of  the  Secretary  of  State. 

Present: 

Hon.  B.  D.  Pritchard,  Com'r  State  Land  OflSce, 

Hon.  E.  0.  Grosvenor,  State  Treasurer, 

Hon.  Wm.  Humphrey,  Auditor  General, 

Hon.  0.  L.  Spaulding,  Secretary  of  State. 

On  motion, 

Hon.  B.  D.  Pritchard  was  chosen  Chairman  joro  tern. 

Cotton  COTTON   WOOD  SWAMP  STATE  BO  AD. 

Wood 

The  bond  of  John  I.  Kapp,  Local  Commissioner,  with  A. 
L.  Bliss  and  J.  B.  Bennett  aa  sureties,  was  approved. 


STATE  BWAHP  LAND  BOARD.  79 

CLIO  AND  CHESANIKG  STATE  BOAD.  Clio  and 

ChOMninf 

The  account  of  Henry  James,  Local  Commissioner,  was 
allowed  at  $54  00. 

ELK  CREEK  DITCH.  SJiP^^ 

The  acceptance  of  the  remainder  of  the  contract  of  0. 
Adams,  J.  L.  Woods  assignee,  was  approved  on  the  recom- 
mendation of  the  S.  L.  S.  R.  Commissioner. 

BAY  DE  NOG  AND  OBEEN  BAY  STATE  BOAD.  Bay  De  Hoc 

and  Qraon 
Bay. 

On  the  recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S.  R  Commissioner, 
the  acceptance  of  the  north  five  miles  of  the  contract  of  Mark 
English,  was  approved. 

GBEBNVILLB  AND  BIG  EAPIDS  STATE  BOAD.  Greenvffle 

and  Big 
Bapidi. 

On  the  recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S.  B.  Commissioner,  the 
acceptance  of  the  remainder  of  the  contract  of  J.  B.  Barr, 
being  the  south  five  miles  of  said  contract,  was  approved. 

LAPBEB  AND  TUSCOLA  STATE  BOAD.  Lapeer  and 

ToacoU. 

On  the  recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S.  B.  Commissioner,  the 
acceptance  of  the  contract  of  Hiram  Curtis,  from  the  S.  W. 
comer  of  Sec.  24,  to  the  S.  W.  comer  of  Sec.  1,  in  T.  11  N.,  of 
B.  11  E.,  was  approved. 

DUNCAN,  ALPENA,  AND  SAUBLE  STATE  BOAD.  Duncan, 

Alpena  and 

The  account  of  E.  F.  Guild  for  surveying  and  plats,  was 
allowed  at  $126  00 ; 

Also, 

The  plan  for  a  bridge  over  An  Sauble  river,  adopted  April 
1, 1868,  was  modified  as  represented  in  the  plan  drawn  by  R 
F.  Guild,  and  filed  this  day  in  the  office  of  the  S.  L.  S..B. 
Commissioner,  and  the  said  last  mentioned  plan  was  adopted. 


80  PROOESDINGS  OF  Tfefi 

8L  Blaiy's  ST.  MARY'S  RIVER  AND  MACKINAC  STATE  ROAO. 

Etrertnd 

Mackinac. 

The  account  of  Edward  Ashman,  Local  Gommissionery  was 
allowed  at  $30  00; 

Also, 

The  acceptance  of  the  contract  of  W.  H.  Hill,  for  the  south 
two  miles,  was  approved  on  the  recommendation  of  the  S.  L. 
S.  B.  Commissioner. 

WMt  HMt-      TVBST  DIVISION — PORT  HURON,  BAT  CITY,  AND  LANSING 

too— Port 

gnron,  Bay  STATE  ROAD. 

Gitjr  and 

Laostng. 

On  the  recommendation  as  ahove,  the  acceptance  of  the 
entire  contract  of  Samuel  Sias,  being  4f  miles  of  said  road, 
viz :  Part  of  Sec.  24,  and  all  of  Sees.  25,  26,  27,  and  28,  was 
approved ; 

Also, 

On  the  recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S.  R.  Commissioner,  the 
acceptance  of  two  miles  of  the  contract  of  Samuel  Sias,  being 
Sees.  33  and  34  of  said  road,  was  approved. 

Bonthern  SOUTHERN  DIVISION — ALMA  AND  CLINTON  STATE  ROAD. 

Dtriston— 

Clinton.  On  the  recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S.  R.  Commissioner,  the 

acceptance  of  the  contract  of  E.  Ely,  No.  4,  for  one  mile  of 
said  road,  lying  between  Sec.  stakes  Nos.  3  and  4,  was 
approved ; 

Also, 

The  account  of  Jame^s  Gargett,  Local  Commissioner  on  said 
road,  was  allowed  at  $85  50. 

Saginaw,  SAGINAW,   GRATIOT,    AND  NEWAYGO  STATE  ROAD. 

Gratiot  and 

Nawavffo  _^ 

On  the  recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S.  R  Commissioner,  the 
acceptance  of  three  miles  of  the  contract  of  J.  F.  Lathrop, 
No.  11,  being  sections  18, 19,  and  20,  of  said  road,  was  approved; 

Also, 

The  account  of  James  Gargett,  Local  Commissioner  on  said 
road,  was  allowed  at  $217  50. 


STATE  SWAMP  LAND  BOABD.  81 

OVID  AKD  ST.  CHABLES  STATE  BOAD.  OridandSt 

ChArles. 

Dn  the  recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S.  R  Commissioner,  the 
acceptance  of  one  mile  of  contract  of  N.  Peacock,  No.  1,  the 
same  lying  between  Sec.  stakes  Nos.  23  and  24,  of  said  road, 
was  *appiroved. 

rantB  MVlSIOir^^ALlAXlAN,  MUSKEGON,  AND  TBAVEBSE  BA Y  Thlrf  Dlrto- 

ion  of  AUe- 
STATE  BOAD.  gin,  Muake- 

ffonand 
TraTene 

On  the  recommetod^on  of  the  S.L.  S.  B.  Commissioner,  the  ^y- 
acceptance  of  the   cohtract  of  P.  M.  Danaher,  No.  1,  for  a 
bridge  over  Pere  Marquette  river,  was  approved. 

XONIA)  HOUGHTON  LAKE,  AND  MACKINAC  STATE  BOAD.        lonlA, 

HooghUm 
Lftke  and 

The  contract  of  E.  L.  Gray,  No.  24,  approved  April  1, 1868,  micUmw. 
is  extended  and  continued  in  force  until  December  1, 1869, 
and  the  said  contractor  is  hereby  required  to  renew  his  bond 
to  the  satisfaction  of  this  Board ; 

Also, 

The  contract  of  E.  Hall  and  E.  L.  Gray,  No.  22,  approved 
April  1, 1868,  is  hereby  extended  and  continued  in  force  until 
December  1, 1869,  with  the  same  requirement  as  to  bond,  as 
above; 

Also, 

The  contract  of  E.  Hall,  No.  25,  approved  April  1, 1868,  is 
hereby  extended  and  continued  in  force  until  December  1, 
1869,  with  the  same  requirement  as  to  bond,  as  above; 

Also, 

The  contract  with  K  Hall,  No.  23,  approved  April  1, 1868, 
is  hereby  extended  and  continued  in  force  until  December  1, 
1869,  with  the  same  requirement  as  to  bond,  as  above. 

MIDLAND,  HOUGHTON  LAKE,   AND  TBAVEBSE  BAT  STATE  BOAD.  Midland 

Olty.Hooffh- 
ton  Lake 

The  contract  of  Oscar  L.  Noble,  Moss,  Midbury  and  Mills,  »nd  my-  * 

assignees,  dated  April  11, 1868,  is  hereby  extended  and  contin- 

11 


83  PR0CEBDING8  OF  THB 

aed  in  force  until  December  1,  1869,  and  the  contractor  is 
quired  to  renew  his  bond  to  the  satis&ction  of  this  Board. 
On  motion,  the  Board  adjourned. 


TWENTY-FIFTH  MEETING. 

Lansing f  December  3, 1868. 

The  Board  met  at  the  oflSce  of  the  Secretary  of  State, 

Present : 

Hon.  B.  D.  Pritohard,  Com'r  State  Land  Office, 

Hon.  K  0.  Grosvenor,  State  Treasurer, 

Hon.  Wm.  Humphrey,  Auditor  General, 

Hon.  0.  L.  Spaulding,  Secretary  of  State. 

On  motion, 

Hon.  B.  D.  Pritchard  was  chosen  chairman  pro  tern. 

XartcnDl.  EASTERN    DIVISIOX — POBT  HURON,  BAY  CITY,    AND  LANSING 

Ftort  Huron,  STATE   ROAD. 

andlaniiDg. 

Mr.  0.  Adams  having  executed  and  filed  with  the  Board  a 
release  of  his  contracts  on  this  road,  as  required  by  resolution 
of  the  Board,  of  date  February  7, 1867,  it  is  hereby 

Resolved,  That  he  and  his  sureties  be  released  from  all  lia- 
bility on  said  contracts,  which  are  hereby  declared  canceled ; 

Also,  it  is 

Ordered,  That  the  contracts  of  Charles  Stuck,  numbered 
12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18,  19,  20,  and  21,  being  for  sections  of 
said  road  numbered  45  to  64  inclusive,  be  canceled,  and  he  and 
his  sureties  be  released  from  liability  on  said  contracts,  on  con- 
dition that  the  said  contractor  file  with  this  Board  a  written 
release  of  the  State  from  all  liability  to  him  on  said  contracts; 

Also, 

The  contract  of  William  Mercer,  assigned  to  E.  L.  Dunbar, 
is  hereby  extended  to  July  1, 1869. 


8TATB  SWAMP  LAND  BOARD.  83 

WE8TBBN   DIVISION — PORT  HURON,  BAY  OITY,  AND  LANSING  Western  Dl- 

TlBion— Port 

STATB   ROAD.  ?J!^^?^^ 

LanBiof. 

The  contract  of  James  Russell,  for  Sec.  21  of  said  road»* 
having  been  heretofore  accepted  and  approved,  and  by  an  error 
in  the  office  of  the  S.  L.  S.  R  Commissioner,  a  warrant  having 
been  drawn  for  $400  00  instead  of  $450  00,  it  is  hereby 

Ordered,  That  another  warrant  be  now  issued  to  said  Rus- 
sell for  the  additional  sum  of  $50  00  due  to  him  on  the  accep- 
tance of  said  contract. 

VIENNA   AND  STATE  LINE  STATE  ROAD.  Vienna  and 

State  Line. 

The  contract  of  C.  Hertgler,  No.  1,  is  hereby  extended  to 
July  1, 1869. 

IONIA,  HOUGHTON  LAKE,  AND  MACKINAC  STATB  ROAD.        Ionia, 

Houghton 
Lake  and 

On  the  recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S.  R.  Commissioner,  the  MacWnac 
acceptance  of  the  contract  of  E.  Hall  and  R  L.  Qray,  from 
Stanton  to  a  stake  marked  26  and  27  on  the  line  of  said  road, 
was  approved. 

INGHAM   AND  CLINTON    STATB  ROAD.  Ingham  and 

Clinton. 

On  the  recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S.  R.  Commissioner,  the 
acceptance  of  the  contract  of  C.  C.  Darling  in  full,  was 
approved.   * 

THIRD  DIVISION — ALLEGAN,  MUSKEGON,  AND  TRAVERSE  BAY  Third  DIvl 


STATE  ROAD.  8^  Muske^ 

ffon  and 

TrayerM 

On  the  recommendatioii  of  the  S.  L.  S.  R  OommisBioner,  the  "^^ 
acceptance  of  the  contract  of  P.  M.  Danaher,  was  approved  so 
far  as  to  authorize  the  payment  of  1,120  acres  additional. 

On  motion,  the  Board  adjourned. 


84  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE 


TWENTY-SIXTH  MEETING. 

Lansingy  December  31, 1868. 

The  Board  met  at  the  oflSce  of  the  Secretary  of  State. 

Present: 

Hon.  B.  D.  Pritchard,  Com'r  State  Land  OflSce, 

Hon.  E.  0.  Grosvenor,  State  Treasurer, 

Hon.  Wm.  Humphrey,  Auditor  General, 

Hon.  0.  L.  Spaulding,  Secretary  of  State. 

On  motion,  Hon.  B.  D.  Pritchard  was  chosen  Chairman 
pro  tern. 

Commissioner  Curtis  presented  a  statement  of  moneys 
received  and  disbursed  during  his  term  of  oflBce  on  account  of 
trespass  on  the  Public  Lands,  with  a  report  of  his  action  in 
the  premises,  from  which  it  appeared  that  he  had  collected 
$9,143  50  and  disbursed  $4,248  10,  leaving  a  balance  in  his 
hands  of  $4,895  40.  On  examination  of  .th6  same,  together 
with  his  vouchers,  the  Board  approved  his  action  in  the  prem- 
ises, and  said  statement  and  vouchers  were  filed  with  the  Board, 
whereupon  the  said  Commissioner  paid  the  said  balance  of 
$4,895  40  into  the  State  Treasury  and  was  discharged  from  all 
liability  to  the  State  on  account  of  moneys  mentioned  in  said 
statement. 

Ane«o,  ALLEGAN,  MUSKEGON,  AND  TRAVERSE  BAY  STATE  ROAD. 

ICusKegon 

andTraTone 

^y-  In  the  matter  of  the  claim  of  Wm  H.  Parks  for  payment 

for  building  road,  claimed  by  him  to  have  been  built  under 
contract  prior  to  its  being  canceled  by  the  Board,  which  was 
referred  to  the  S.  L.  S.  R.  Commissioner,  upon  his  representa- 
tion that  three  miles  of  said  road  were  built  as  claimed  by  said 
Parks,  it  is 

Ordered,  That  the  said  Wm.  H.  Parks  be,  and  is  hereby 
allowed  $2,400  in  State  Swamp  Land,  in  full  for  all  work  done 
by  him  on  said  road. 


STATE  SWAMP  LAND  BOARD.  85 

The  ditch  in  Lapeer  and  St.  Clair  counties,  which  was 
authorized  by  this  Board  January  31, 1865,  and  upon  which 
1,500  acres  of  State  Swamp, Land  was  appropriated,  being 
under  consideration. 

Upon  the  report  of  the  Hon.  John  M.  Lamb,  Special  Com- 
missioner, and  on  the  recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S.  R.  Com- 
missioner, it  appearing  to  the  satisfaction  of  this  Board  that 
the  object  sought  in  the  construction  of  the  ditch  has  been 
fully  accomplished,  although  one  and  a  half  miles  of  the  ditch 
have  not  been  cut  on  the  exact  line  designated  by  the  Board 
but  in  the  opinion  of  this  Board  they  have  been  established  so 
as  to  more  fully  drain  the  lands  than  would  have  been  done 
had  they  been  located  as  established  by  the  Board;  now, 
therefore,  in  consideration  of  the  foregoing,  this  Board  agrees 
to,  and  does  hereby  award  to  the  contractors,  Fred.  P.  Currier, 
Henry  Stevens,  Zadock  H.  Hallock,  and  Charles  Ferguson, 
1,500  acres  of  Swamp  Land,  in  full  payment  of  their  contract. 

EASTERN   DIVISION — MIDLAND,  HOUGHTON   LAKE,  AND         Ewtern  DI- 

Tlaion—  , 
TRAVERSE  BAY  STATE  ROAD.  MMlMid,- 

Houghton 
Lftktuid 

The  acceptance  of  the  contract  of  Theodore  Bathy  on  said  ^▼•w* 
road,  being  for  sections  13, 14,  and  15,  three  miles,  was,  on  the 
recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S.  R.  Commissioner,  approved ; 

Also, 

On  the  same  recommendation,  the  acceptance  of  the  con- 
tract of  Collins  Avery  for  one  mile  on  said  road,  was  approved. 

WESTERN   DIVISION — ^MIDLAND,   HOUGHTON   LAKE,  AND         Western  Dl- 

vision — 
TRAVERSE  BAY  STATE  ROAD.  Midland, 

Hongnton 
Lake,  and 

On  the  recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S.  R.  Commissioner,  the  J^^*™* 

jiajr. 

acceptance  of  the  contract  of  Oscar  L.  Noble  for  four  miles  of 
said  road,  lying  between  the  10th  and  14th  mile  posts,  was 
approved ; 

Also, 

The  acceptance  of  twelve  miles  of  contract  of  same  party 


86  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE 

on  same  road,  lying  between  the  5th  and  10th,  and  between  the 
14th  and  2l8t  mile  posts,  was  approved  on  the  recommendation 
of  the  S.  L.  S.  R  Commissioner,  so  far  as  to  allow  the  con- 
tractors to  draw  three-fourths  payment. 

BMtera  Dl-  EASTEBN  DIVISION — PORT    HURON,  BAY  CITY,  AND    LAN6IN0 

vielon—  ' 

5JI^i5?~°*  STATE  ROAD, 

tnd  Lansing. 

The  acceptance  of  one  and  a  half  miles  of  the  contract  of 
C.  H.  Albertson,  contractor,  being  that  part  of  said  road 
described  as  follows,  viz :  Lying  between  the  west  end  of  the 
42d  mile,  and  the  west  end  of  the  43d  mile,  and  the  west  half 
of  the  44th  mile,  was  approved. 

Otpwand  CAPAC  AND   CLYDE  EXTENSION  STATE  ROAD. 

Clyde  exten- 
sion. 

The  acceptance  of  the  contract  of  John  Phelps,  being  Sec. 
2,  and  all  of  Sec.  5  except  ten  rods  on  the  west  end,  was 
approved  on  the  recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S.  R.  Com- 
missioner. 

First  DlTlfl.  FIRST  DIVISION — ^ALLEGAN,    MUSKEGON,  AND  TRAVERSE  BAY 

Ion—  ' 

AUSGSon.  STATE  BOAD. 

and  Tray- 

erse  Bay.  rjij^^  acccptance  of  the  contract  of  L  F.  Bird,  for  a  bridge 
over  Pigeon  river,  on  the  line  of  said  road,  was  approved  on  the 
recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S.  R.  Commissioner; 

Also, 

The  account  of  Thomas  Padgett,  Local  Commissioner  on 
said  1st  division  of  said  road,  for  surveying  and  locating  a 
portion  of  said  road,  was  allowed  at  $227  50. 

Bonthern       SOUTHERN  DIVISION — PORT  HURON,  BAY  CITY,  AND  LANSING 

Dtriaion— 

Port  Huron,  STATE  ROAD. 

Baraty 

and  Lansing. 

On  the  recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S.  B.  Commissioner, 
the  acceptance  of  the  entire  contract  of  Samuel  Sias  on  said 
road,  being  four  miles  between  section  stakes  28  and  32,  was 
approved; 

Also, 


STATE  SWAMP  LAND  BOARD.  87 

The  acceptance  of  another  contract  of  Samuel  Sias  on  eaid 
road,  being  three  miles  between  section  stakes  34  and  37,  was 
approved  on  the  same  recommendation. 

SOUTHERN  DIVISION — SANILAC  AND  HURON  STATE  ROAD.     Southern 

DiTteion— 
SanilMUid 

On  the  recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S.  R.  Commissioner,  the  «»«>»• 
acceptance  of  contract  No.  1,  Peter  Janette  contractor,  being 
one  and  one  hundred  and  thirty-two  three  hundred  and  twen- 
tieths miles,  was  approved  (all  included  in  Sec.  6,  of  said  road); 

Also, 

On  the  same  recommendation,  the  acceptance  of  contract 
No.  5,  on  said  road,  Joseph  Heathcote  contractor,  being  two 
miles,  viz:  Sections  26  and  27,  was  approved. 

SAGINAW,  GRATIOT,  AND  NEWAYGO  STATE  ROAD.  Soffbuw, 

Gntiotaod 

On  the  recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S.  E.  Commissioner,  the 
balance  of  an  acceptance  dated  October  26, 1868,  on  contract 
No.  11,  Joseph  F.  Lathrop  contractor,  being  the  west  half 
mile  of  said  acceptance,  was  approved. 

HU8KEG0N  AND  CEDAR  SPRINGS  STATE  ROAD.  Muskegon 

and  Cedar 
Springs. 

On  the  recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S.  R.  Commissioner,  the 
east  two  miles  of  an  acceptance  dated  December  10, 18f  8,  on 
contract  No.  11,  Wm.  and  Henry  Wartrous  contractors,  was 
approved ; 

Also, 

The  balance  of  an  acceptance  dated  October  5, 1868,  on  con- 
tract No.  2,  William  and  Henry  Wartrous  contractors,  being 
the  west  half  mile  of  said  acceptance,  was  approved. 

ALMA  AND  CLINTON  STATE  ROAD.  Almssnd 

Clinton. 

The  acceptance  of  the  east  half  mile  of  the  contract  of  L. 
A.  Qeorge,  No.  2,  on  said  road,  was  approved  on  the  recommen- 
dation of  the  S.  L.  S.  B.  Commissioner ; 

Also, 


68  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE 

On  the  same  recommendation,  the  acceptance  of  the  entire 
contract  of  Whiteman  Hall,  No.  3,  on  said  road,  being  one 
mile  between  section  stakes  Nos.  2  and  3,  was  approved. 

Also, 

On  the  same  recommendation,  the  acceptance  of  the  entire 
contract  of  Wm.  H.  Davis,  No.  7,  being  one-half  mile  of  said 
road,  viz :  The  north  half  of  Sec.  7,  was  approved ; 

Also, 

On  the  same  recommendation,  the  acceptance  of  the  entire 
contract  of  M.  Polasky,  No.  1,  being  one  mile  o^  said  road, 
between  section  stakes  0  and  1,  was  approved; 

Als6, 

On  the  same  recommendation,  the  acceptance  of  the  con- 
tract of  George  Chandler,  No.  8,  being  one  mile  of  said  road, 
viz :  The  south  half  of  Sec.  7,  and  north  half  of  Sec.  8,  was 
approved ; 

Also, 

On  the  same  recommendation,  the  acceptance  of  the  con- 
tract of  Phillip  Burlingame,  No.  9,  being  one  and  a  half  miles 
of  said  road,  viz:  The  south  half  of  Sec.  8,  and  all  of  Sec.  9, 
was  approved; 

Also, 

Oh  the  same  recommendation,  the  acceptance*  of  the  con- 
tract of  George  Holliday,  No.  6,  being  one-half  mile  of  said 
road,  viz :  One-half  of  Sec.  6,  was  approved. 

Gratiot  Co.    GRATIOT  COUIH'Y  DITCH — FROM  MAPLE  RIVER  TO  BAD  RIVER. 
Ditdi,  from 
Maple  rtrer 

to  Bad  rirer.  Qu  the  recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S.  R  Commissioner,  the 
acceptance  of  the  contract  of  George  Peacock  and  John 
Voorhies,  No.  3,  being  one  mile  of  said  ditch,  was  approved. 

GanasMaiHl  GENESEE  AKD  TUSCOLA  STATE  ROAD. 

ToBoola. 

On  the  recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S.  R.  Commissioner,  the 
acceptance  of  the  balance  of  the  contract  of  John  Bodine  on 


STATE  SWAMP  LAND  BOARD.  89 

said  road,  being  foiir  miles  between  Denmark  and  Arbella,  was 
approved. 

TUSCOLA   AND  SAGINAW  BAY  STATE  KOAD.  TubcoU  and 

Saginaw  Bay 

On  the  recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S.  R.  Commissioner,  the 
acceptance  of  the  contract  of  Wm.  Wills  on  said  road,  being 
one  mile  between  section  stakes  14^  and  15^,  was  approved; 

Also, 

On  the  same  recommendation,  the  acceptance  of  the  con- 
tract of  Granger  Allen,  on  said  road,  being  one  mile  between 
section  stakes  24J  and  25^,  was  approved. 

MIDLAND  AND  ISABELLA   STATE  BOAD.  Midland  and 

laabella. 

On  the  recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S.  R.  Commissioner,  the 
acceptance  of  the  contracts  of  William  Tholby,  Nos.  3,  4,  5,  6, 
7,  8,  and  9,  on  said  road,  being  seven  miles,  between  Midland 
City  and  Mt  Pleasant,  was  approved ; 

Also, 

On  the  same  recommendation,  the  acceptance  of  the  con- 
tract. No.  21,  on  said  road,  John  M.  Hursh  contractor,  being 
one  mile  between  section  stakes  20  and  21,  was  approved ; 

MONTCALM  AND  QRATIOT  STATE  BOAD.  Montealm 

and  Qratiot. 

On  the  recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S.  R.  Commissioner,  the 
acceptance  of  the  north  one  mile  of  the  contract  of  Robert 
Wood,  No.  2,  on  said  road,  was  approved  so  far  as  to  allow  the 
contractor  to  receive  1,000  acres. 

CASS  BIVER  AND  BAY   CITY    STATE  ROAD.  Caaa  river 

andBayCUy^ 

On  the  recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S.  R.  Commissioner, 
the  acceptance  of  the  contract  of  A.  C.  Maxwell,  No.  14,  on 
said  road,  being  two  and  forty-eight  one-hundredths  miles, 
viz :  From  a  point  87  rods  east  of  the  N.  W.  corner  of  Sec.  25, 
in  T.  14  N.,  of  R-  5  E.,  to  a  point  40  rods  west  of  the  N.  W. 
comer  of  Sec.  28,  in  T.  14  N.,  of  R.  6  E.,  was  approved ; 

12 


90  PBOCBEDINGS  OF  THS 

Also, 

The  acceptance  of  the  contract  of  King  Allen,  Jr.,  Na  13,  on 
said  road,  being  one  mile,  viz :  From  a  stake  on  the  west  line 
of  Sec.  8,  to  the  east  line  of  said  section,  was  approved ; 

Also, 

The  acceptance  of  the  contract  of  M.  P.  Eandall,  No.  9, 
being  one  mile  of  said  road,  viz :  From  a  stake  on  the  west 
line  of  Sec.  9,  to  a  stake  on  the  east  line  of  said  section,  was 
approved ; 

Also, 

The  acceptance  of  the  contract  of  David  M.  Black,  No.  10, 
on  said  road,  being  one  mile,  was  approved ; 

Also, 

The  acceptance  of  the  contract  No.  7,  Eussell  M.  Lapree 
contractor,  being  one  mile  of  said  road,  northeaeterly  from  the 
center  line  of  Sec  22,  was  approved; 

Also, 

The  acceptance  of  the  balance  of  the  contract  of  Ambrose 
Hill,  No.  4,  being  one  and  a  half  miles  of  said  road,  between 
the  N.  W.  comer  of  Sec.  10,  in  T.  14  N.,  of  R  9  E.,  and  a 
stake  126  feet  east  of  the  east  line  of  Columbia,  was  approved. 

Bridgeton  BRIDGETOK  AND  OSCEOLA  STATE  ROAD. 

ftDdOsMola. 

On  the  recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S.  B.  Commissioner, 

the  acceptance  of  the  contract  of  A.  E.  Upton,  on  said  road, 

'         being  5  knd  seven-twentieths  miles,  between  a  point  40  and 

eight  one-hundredths  chains  north  of  Squire's  Hotel,  and  Four 

Mile  Creek,  was  approved. 

New»vgo  NEWAYGO  AND  NORTHPORT  STATE  ROAD. 

and  North* 

port* 

On  the  recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S.  B.  Commissionei 
the  acceptance  of  one  mile  of  the  contract  of  D.  C.  Leach, 
No.  19,  on  said  road,  being  part  of  the  job  between  the  102d 
and  109th  mile  posts,  was  approved ; 

Also, 


STATE  SWAMP  LAKD  BOABD.  91 

The  acceptance  of  seven  miles  of  the  contract  of  J.  M.  Cook 
&  Co^  dated  September  4,  1867,  being  between  the  64th  and 
68th9  80th  and  82d,  and  the  84th  and  85th  mile  posts,  was 
approved. 


kStfl- 
and 


EAST  SAGINAW  AND  JUNCTION  STATE  BO  AD.  East 

nawi 
JunctkA. 

On  the  recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S.  E.  Oommissioner, 
the  acceptance  of  80  rods  of  the  contract  of  B.  B.  Buckhout 
on  said  road,  dated  May  1, 1868,  commencing  at  the  S.  W. 
comer  of  Sec.  17,  in  T.  12  N".,  of  R.  6  K,  and  running  easterly, 
was  approved ; 

Also, 

The  acceptance  of  three-fourths  of  a  mile  of  the  contract  of 
said  Buckhout  on  said  road,  dated  May  1, 1868,  commencing 
at  the  S.  E.  comer  of  Sec.  ^7,  in  T.  12  N.,  of  R  6  R,  and  run- 
ning westerly,  was  approved. 

EAST  SAGINAW  AND  JUNCTION  STATE  BOAD.  EMtStct- 

nftwMia 

The  account  of  S.  C.  Munson,  Local  Commissioner  on  said 
road,  was  allowed  at  $45  00 ; 

Also, 

On  the  recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S.  R  Commissioner, 
the  acceptance  of  80  rods  of  the  contract  of  B.  B.  Buckhout 
on  said  road,  dated  May  1, 1868,  commencing  at  the  N.  E. 
comer  of  Sec.  24,  in  T.  12  N.,  of  R  5  R,  and  running  westerly, 
▼as  approved. 

On  motion,  the  Board  adjourned. 

0.  L.  SPAULDING,  Secretary. 


RECORD  OF  PROCEEDINGS. 


BEOEGANIZATION    OF    BOAED. 


FIBST  MEETING 

Lansing,  January  6, 1869. 

The  Board  met  at  the  oflSce  of  the  Secretary  of  State.  • 
A  qnorum  not  being  present,  the  Board  adjonmed  to  meet 
on  the  22d  inst,  at  2  o'clock  P.  M. 


SECOND  MEETING. 

Lansing,  January  22,  1869. 

The  Board  met  at  the  oflBce  of  the  Secretary,  of  State  pursu- 
ant to  adjournment 

Present: 

Hon.  H.  P.  Baldwin,  Governor, 

Hon.  K  O.  Grosvenor,  State  Treasurer, 

Hon.  Wm.  Humphrey,  Auditor  General, 

Hon.  O.  L.  Spaulding,  Secretary  of  State. 

On  motion  of  Hon.  E.  0.  Grosvenor, 

The  Board  organized  by  electing  Gov.  H.  P.  Baldwin  Chair- 
man, and  Hon.  0.  L.  Spaulding  Secretary. 


94  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE 

Bertlnftiid  BERLIN  AND  GEORGETOWN  STATE  ROAD. 

vjMifetown. 

Mr.  Grozier  came  before  the  Board  and  presented  a  petition 
of  the  Commissioners  of  Highways  of  the  township  of  James- 
town, representing  that  the  contract  of  Ira  Y.  Bomliam, 
heretofore  accepted  by  the  Governor  on  January  31, 1867,  was 
not  properly  performed,  and  it  appearing  to  the  Board  that 
there  is  good  reason  to  believe  that  the  said  Bumham  should 
not  receive  patents  for  the  land  reserved  nnder  his  contract,  it 
is  therefore 

Ordered,  That  the  Commissioner  of  the  State  Land  Office 
be  requested  to  suspend  the  issuing  to  him  or  to  his  assignee 
the  certificates  for  said  land  until  an  investigation  can  be  had 
of  the  whole  subject,  and  that  the  S.  L.  S.  R.  Commissioner 
proceed  at  once  to  personally  inspect  the  road  and  to  examine 
into  all  the  facts  connected  with  the  letting,  executing,  and 
accepting  of  said  contract,  and  to  report  to  this  Board,  to  the 
end  that  final  action  may  be  had  in  the  premises. 

Cttoftnd  CLIO  AND  CHESAXIKG  STATE  ROAD. 

CbeuidDg. 

On  the  recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S.  R.  Commissioner, 
the  acceptance  of  one  hundred  rods  of  the  contract  of  D.  S« 
Halstead,  No.  6,  on  said  road,  running  westerly  from  the  east 
line  of  Sec.  14,  was  approved ; 

Also, 

The  acceptance  of  contract  No.  5,  R.  L.  Benjamin  con- 
tractor, being  one  mile  of  said  road,  was  approved ; 

Also, 

The  acceptance  of  contract  No.  4,  D.  S.  Halstead  contractor, 
being  one  mile  of  said  road,  was  approved. 

ICoDtoalm  MONTCALM  AND  GRATIOT  STATE   ROAD, 

ud  Qntiot 

On  the  recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S.  R.  Commissioner, 
the  acceptance  of  the  north  mile  of  contract  No.  2,  Robert 
Wood  contractor,  on  said  road,  was  approved. 


STATE  SWAMP  LAND  BOARD.  95 

8AKILA0  AKD  HUROK  STATE  BOAD.  SuiUae  and 

Huron. 

On  the  recommendatioii  of  the  S.  L.  S.  R  Commissiouery  the 
acceptance  of  the  contract  of  Albert  Pack^  for  six  hundred  and 
eighty  rods  of  ditch  on  the  line  of  said  road,  was  approved. 


BAST  SAGINAW  AND  JUNCTION  STATE  ROAD.  Ewt 

nftw 
Jonetioii. 


lutwana 


On  the  recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S.  R  Commissioner^ 
the  acceptance  of  one-half  mile  of  the  contract  of  B.  B.  Buck- 
hout  on  said  road,  running  easterly  from  the  S.  W.  comer  of 
Sec.  18,  in  T.  12  N.,  of  R  6  E.,  was  approved. 

SOUTHERN  DIVISION — ALMA  AND  CLINTON   STATE   ROAD.      Bonthem 

DlTiAlOIh— 

On  the  recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S.  R  Commissioner,  cunton. 
the  acceptance  of  80  rods  of  the  contract  of  L.  H.  Parsons,  on 
the  line  of  said  road,  lying  between  a  post  80  rods  north  of  the 
north  line  of  Qratiot  county,  and  the  quarter  post  80  rods 
north  of  said  post,  was  approved. 

PORT  HURON,  BAY  CITY,  AND  LANSING  STATE  ROAD.  Port  Hiiron, 

AIM  JjUUUJlg' 

On  the  recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S.  R  Commissioner, 
the  acceptance  of  two  and  one-half  miles  of  the  contract  of 
Wm.  Mercer,  E.  L.  Dunbar  assignee,  being  the  11th,  12th  and 
east  half  of  the  13th  mile,  was  approved. 

IONIA,  HOUGHTON  LAKE,  AND   KACKINAC  STATE  ROAD.        lonia, 

Hoagnton 

On  the  same  recommendation,  the  acceptance  of  a  bridge  macUhm. 
over  the  Chippewa  river,  included  in  the  contract  of  Edmund 
HaU,  No.  25,  was  approved. 

AKRON  DITCH.  Akron  Ditch 

On  the  same  recommendation,  the  acceptance  of  the  con- 
tracts of  John  S.  Coy,  Nos.  1,  2,  and  3,  on  said  ditch,  lying 
between  the  mouth  of  Squaw  Creek  and  the  N.  E.  comer  of 


96  PBOCEEDIKQS  OF  THE 

Sec.  4,  in  T.  14  N.,  of  B.  8  E.,  being  3  miles  and  58  rods,  was 
approved ; 

Also, 

On  the  same  recommendation,  the  acceptance  of  the  con- 
tract of  Charles  Curtis,  No.  5,  on  said  ditch,  lying  between  the 
job  let  to  Joseph  A.  Crowell,  and  the  quarter  stake  between 
Sees.  9  and  10,  in  T.  14  N.,  of  E.  8  E.,  being  one-half  mile,  was 
approved ; 

Also, 

On  the  same  recommendation,  the  acceptance  of  the  con- 
tract of  Joseph  A.  Crowell,  No.  4,  lying  between  the  N.  B 
comer  of  Sec.  4  and  the  S.  E.  corner  of  Sec  4,  in  T.  14  N.,  of 
E.  8  E.,  being  one  mile,  was  approved. 

On  motion,  the  Board  adjourned. 


THIED  MEETING^ 

Lansingy  January  SS,  1869. 

The  Board  met  at  the  Executive  oflBce. 

Present : 

Hon.  H.  P.  Baldwin,  Governor, 

Hon.  Wm.  Humphrey,  Auditor  General, 

Hon.  E.  0.  Grosvenor,  State  Treasurer, 

Hon.  0.  L.  Spaulding,  Secretary  of  State. 

SanilMand  SANILAC  AND  BAY  STATE  BOAD. 

Bay. 

On  the  recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S.  E.  Commissioner,  the 
acceptance  of  Sec.  16,  of  contract  No.  7,  Eber  B.  Ward  con- 
tractor, being  one  mile  of  said  road,  was  approved  so  far  as  to 
allow  the  contractor  to  draw  three-fourths  payment ; 

Also, 

On  the  same  recommendation,  the  acceptance  of  Sec.  3,  of 
contract  No.  7,  Eber  B.  Ward  contractor,  being  one  mile  of 


STATB  8WAHP  LAND  BOARD.  97 

said  road,  was  approved  so  far  as  to  allow  the  contractor  to 
draw  three-fourths  payment ; 

Alsoy 

On  the  same  recommendation,  the  acceptance  of  contract 
Na  8,  Eber  B.  Ward  contractor,  being  two  miles  of  said  road, 
was  approved  so  far  as  to  allow  the  contractor  to  draw  three- 
fourths  pajmient. 

On  motion  the  Board  adjourned. 


FOURTH  MEETING. 

Lansing^  Februay  11^  1869. 

The  Board  met  at  the  oflSce  of  the  Secretary  of  State. 

Present: 

Hon.  H.  P.  Baldwin,  Governor, 

Hon.  K  0.  Grosvenor,  State  Treasurer, 

Hon.  Wm.  Humphrey,  Auditor  General, 

Hon.  B.  D.  Pritchard,  Oom'r  State  Land  OflSce, 

Hon.  0.  L.  Spaulding,  Secretary  of  State. 

CASS  RIVER  AKD  BAY  CITY  STATE  ROAD.  CtssRlret 

and  Bar 

Whereas,  A  warrant  has  been  heretofore  issued  to  A.  C.  Max- 
well, a  contractor  on  this  road,  in  full  payment  of  his  contract, 
confining  him  to  Bay  county  in  the  selection  of  said  land,  and 
it  appearing  that  by  virtue  of  act  No.  418,  of  the  Session  Laws 
of  1867,  he  is  entitled  to  select  two  and  one-half  sections  of 
said  land  in  either  Bay  or  Tuscola  county ;  therefore. 

Resolved,  That  said  contractor  may  be  permitted  to  select 
two  and  one-half  sections  of  land  authorized  by  said  warrant, 
in  either  of  said  counties. 

13 


98  PR0CBBDIK6S  OF  THE 

Beriinuid  BEBLIK  AND  GEORGETOWN  STATE  BOAD. 

Ooorgotowo. 

The  case  of  Ira  Y.  and  Ammi  Bnmham,  contractors  on 
said  road,  was  brought  up  and  considered  at  considerable 
length,  and  pending  the  consideration,  the  Board  adjourned 
until  to-morrow,  at  9  o'clock  A.  M. 


FIFTH  MEETING. 

Lansing,  February  12, 1869. 

The  Board  met  at  the  oflSce  of  the  Secretary  of  State  pur- 
suant to  adjournment. 
Present : 

Hon.  H.  P.  Baldwin,  Governor, 
Hon.  E.  0.  Grosvenor,  State  Treasurer, 
Hon.  Dwight  May,  Attorney  General, 
Hon.  Wm.  Humphrey,  Auditor  General, 
Hon.  B.  D.  Pritchard,  Com'r  State  Land  Office. 

Berilnftiid  BEBLIN  AND  GEOBGETOWK  STATE  BOAD. 

The  case  of  Ira  Y.  and  Ammi  Bumham,  contractors  on  said 
road,  was  resumed,  and  the  following  resolution,  was  passed, 
viz: 

Resolved,  That  in  the  matter  of  the  complaint  against  Ira 
Y.  Burnham  and  Ammi  Bumham,  contractors  upon  the  Ber- 
lin and  Georgetown  State  road,  the  case  together  with  copies 
of  all  papers  filed  therein,  be  referred  to  the  Attorney  General 
for  a  fuU  legal  investigation  of  the  case,  and  that  he  be,  and 
he  is  hereby  requested  to  report  at  the  earliest  practicable  mo- 
ment to  this  Board,  the  results  of  such  investigation,  together 
with  a  recommendation  of  such  action  on  the  part  of  the  State 
as  in  his  judgment  may  be  necessary  to  secure  the  just  inter- 
ests of  the  State  in  the  premises. 


STATE  SWAMP  LAND  BOARD.  99 

MUSKBGOK  AND  CEDAR  SPRINGS  STATE  ROAD;  Uatinmix 

andOeoar 

On  motion,  it  is  ^^«'' 

Ordered,  That  the  route  of  this  road  be,  and  is  hereby 
changed  so  as  to  conform  to  a  diagram  and  field  notes  this  day 
filed  in  the  office  of  the  S.  L.  S.  R  Commissioner,  to- wit : 

Commencing  at  the  comers  of  Sees.  27,  28,  33,  and  34,  in 
T.  10  N".,  of  E.  12  W.,  running  thence  west  on  Sec.  line  to  the 
S.  W.  comer  of  Sec.  30,  in  T.  10  N.,  of  R.  13  W.,  thence  north- 
westerly to  the  S.  W.  comer  of  Sec.  24,  in  T.  10  N.,  of  E.  14 
west. 

On  motion,  the  Board  adjourned.    . 


SIXTH  MEETING. 

Lansing^  February  2^,  1869. 

The  Board  met  at  the  Executive  office. 

Present: 

Hon.  H.  P.  Baldwin,  Governor, 

Hon.  E.  0.  Grosvenor,  State  Treasurer, 

Hon.  B.  D.  Pritchard,  Com'r  State  Land  Office, 

Hon.  WuL  Humphrey,  Auditor  General. 

KORTHERK  DIVISION — SANILAC  AND  HURON  STATE  ROAD.    Northern 

Dlvlaioii — 

The  account  of  Geo.  Skeen,  Local  Commissioner  on  saidSSJ!^.*^ 
road,  was  allowed  at  $240  01. 

ONTONAGON  AND  STATE  LINE  STATE  ROAD.  Ontonafon 

and  state 

The  account  of  D.  Beaser,  Local  Commissioner  on  said  road,  ^^^ 
was  allowed  at  $51  00. 

ONTONAGON  AND  MONTREAL  RIVER  STATE  ROAD.  Ontonagon 

and  Montreal 

The  account  of  D.  Beaser,  Local  Commissioner  on  said  road, 
was  allowed  at  $190  00. 


100  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE 

BMtDlTis-   EASTERN  DIVI8I0K — PORT  HURON,    BAY  CITY,    AND  LANSING 
fcm— Port 

Horon,  B«j  STATE  ROAD, 

expand 


Jjmaing, 


The  account  of  J.  0.  Waterburv,  Local  Commifisioner  on 
said  road,  was  allowed  at  136  00. 


^  Creek  ELK  CREEK  DITCH. 

The  account  of  J.  C.  Waterbury,  Local  Commissioner  on 
said  ditch,  was  allowed  at  $63  00. 

Almont  and  ALMONT  AND  CASS  RIVER  STATE  ROAD. 

OMArirer. 

The  account  of  W.  W.  Barber,  Local  Commissioner  on  said 
road,  was  allowed  at  $30  00. 

JO?wd«»d  MIDLAND  AND  ISABELLA  STATE  ROAD. 

On  the  recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S.  R  Commissioner, 
the  acceptance  of  contract  No.  10,  Delway  Jones  contractor, 
being  for  one  mile  of  said  road,  between  section  stakes  9  and 
10,  was  approved. 

Third  Dl-      THIRD  DIVISION — ALLEGAN,  MUSKEGON,   AND  TRAVERSE  BAY 
Tialon— 

Anewn,  STATE  ROAD. 

Mneke^n, 

aadTrav- 

^3r.  On  the  same  recommendation,  the  acceptance  of  so  much  of 
the  contract  of  P.  M.  Danaher,  No.  2,  on  said  road,  as  lies  in 
townships  18  N.,  and  17  and  18  W.,  was  approved  so  far  as  to 
allow  the  contractor  to  receive  pay  for  six  miles  of  road,  to-wit : 
Six  sections  of  land. 
On  motion,  the  Board  adjourned. 


SEVENTH  MEETING. 

Lansing,  April  S,  1869. 

The  Board  met  at  the  oflfice  of  the  Secretary  of  State. 

Present : 

'Hon.  Henry  P.  Baldwin,  Governor, 


STATE  SWAMP  LAND  BOARD.  101 

Hon.  Wm.  Humphrey,  Auditor  General, 
Hon.  B.  D.  Pritchard,  Com'r  State  Land  Office, 
Hon.  0.  L.  Spaulding,  Secretary  of  State. 

ALLBGAK,  MUSKEGON,  AND  TRAVERSE  BAT  STATE  ROAD.       AUesu^ 

Mu8k6f< 
andTn' 

Protests  of  several  parties  against  a  change  of  route  of  said^r 
road  were  received  and  filed  in  the  office  of  the  S.  L.  S.  R. 
Commissioner. 


BERLIN  AND  GEORGETOWN  STATE  ROAD.  Berlin 

Q«orgetowB. 

The  opinion  of  the  Attorney  General  as  to  contract  of 
Ammi  and  Ira  Y.  Bumham  was  received  and  filed  in  the  office 
of  the  S.  L.  S.  R  Commissioner ;  also,  the  report  of  Commis- 
sioner Curtis. 

On  motion,  it  is 

Ordered,  That  the  Attorney  General  at  once  proceed  to 
prosecute  the  bond  of  E.  P.  Bosworth,  Local  Commissioner, 
and  also  to  institute  criminal  prosecution  against  him  for  per- 
jury, if  in  his  opinion  it  is  deemed  advisable ;  also,  to  institute 
such  proceedings  against  Ira  Y.  Bumham,  one  of  the  contract- 
ors on  said  road,  as  shall  be  necessary  to  protect  the  interests 
of  the  State. 

MANISTEE  AND  LELAND  STATE  ROAD.  *^¥i*^^ 

The  account  of  V.  F.  Thurston,  Local  Commissioner  on  said 
road,  for  survey,  etc.,  amounting  to  $999  63,  was  presented. 

The  bill  having  been  divided  by  the  S.  L.  S.  K.  Conmiissioner 
into  two  bills,  one  of  them,  amounting  to  1688  43,  accompanied 
by  sub-vouchers,  was  allowed. 

The  other,  amounting  to  1310  20,  was  returned  to  Mr. 
Thurston  for  sub-vouchers. 

MUSKEGON  AND  CEDAR  SPRINGS  STATE  ROAD.  Moskagwi 

•Dd  Oedar 

SprlBga* 

The  contract  of  W.  A.  and  H.  S.  Wartrous,  was,  on  the  rec- 
ommendation of  the  S.  L.  S.  R  Commissioner,  extended  to 


104  PBOCBEDIKGS  OF  THE 

Ontonigon  ONTONAGON  AND  MONTREAL  RIVER  STATE   ROAD, 

and  Montre- 
al Rirer. 

On  the  same  recommendation,  the  account  of  Daniel  Beazer, 
Local  Commissioner  on  said  road,  was  allowed  at  $177  00; 

Also, 

On  the  same  recommendation,  the  account  of  J.  A.  Crozier 
&  Co.,  with  sub-vouchers  for  amounts  paid  men  and  supplies^ 
in  survey  of  said  road,  was  allowed  at  $1,062  24. 

First  DlTls-  FIRST  DIVISION — ALLEGAN,  MUSKEGON,  AND    TRAVERSE    BAY 

ion — 

AUenn,  STATE  ROAD. 

Ma«kegt>n, 

wiSyT'       On  recommendation  as  above,  the  account  of  Geo.  W.  Wood- 
ward, Local  Commissioner,  was  allowed  at  $48  00. 

Newtvgo  NEWAYGO  AND  NORTHPORT  STATE  ROAD. 

and  North* 

port 

On  the  same  recommendation,  the  account  of  Perry  Han- 
nah, Local  Commissioner  on  said  road,  was  allowed  at  $384  00. 

EastBiffl-  EAST  SAGINAW  AND  JUNCTION  STATE  ROAD, 

nawand 

The  acceptance  of  the  contract  of  Byron  B.  Buckhout,  from 
a  point  commencing  in  said  road  one-half  mile  N.  E.  from  the 
N.  E.  comer  of  Sec.  21,  in  T.  12  N.,  of  E.  6  E.,  N.  R  one-half 
mile,  was,  on  recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S.  R.  Commissioner* 
approved ; 

Also, 

On  the  same  recommendation,  the  acceptance  of  the  con* 
tract  of  Byron  B.  Buckhout,  from  the  N".  E.  comer  of  Sec  13, 
in  T.  12  N.,  of  R  6  R,  running  south-westerly  1^  miles,  was 
approved. 

Bay  Dt  Noo  BAY   DE  NOC   AND  GREEN   BAY  STATE  ROAD, 

and  Green 

^*  On  partial  acceptance  by  Local  Commissioner,  and  on  the 

recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S.  R.  Commissioner,  Mark  Eng- 
lish, a  contractor  on  said  road,  was  allowed  four  sections  of 
land,  to  apply  on  his  contract,  the  work  performed  being 
suflScient  to  entitle  him  to  14  sections. 


STATE  SWAMP  LAND  BOARD.  106 

CASS  RIVER  AND  BAY  CITY  STATE  ROAD.  Cm«  river 

andBajMOity^ 

The  bond  of  Horace  C.  Marvin,  Local  Commissioner,  with 
A.  C.  Maxwell  and  C.  C.  Fitzhugh  as  sureties,  was  approved. 

MACKINAC  AND  DELTA   STATE  ROAD.  Maoklnao 

and  Delta. 

The  bond  of  Ira  A.  Clark,  Ijocal  Commissioner  on  said  road, 
with  E.  P.  Royce  and  A.  J.  Perrin  as  sureties,  was  approved. 

TUSCOLA  AND  SAGINAW  BAY  STATE  ROAD.  Tuacola  and 

Saginaw  Ba  J 

The  bond  of  Charles  R  Selden,  Local  Commissioner  on  said 
road,  with  James  Saunders  and  Mark  D.  Seeley  as  sureties,  was 
approved. 

SOUTHERN  DIVISION— IONIA,  HOUGHTON  LAKE,  AND  MACKINAC  Southern 

DlTision— 
STATE   ROAD,  Ionia, 

Honghton 

The  bond  of  Levi  Cambum,  Avith  Jenson  P.  Beers  and  A.Kck£l 
Lyon  as  sureties,  was  approved. 

ALLEGAN,    MUSKEGON,  AND  TRAVERSE  BAY  STATE  ROAD.       AUecan, 

MuMcegon 

On  the  recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S.  E.  Commissioner,  Bay. 
the  route  of  said  road  was  changed  to  correspond  with  the  map 
and  survey  this  day  filed  in  the  oflSce  of  the  S.  L.  S.  E.  Com- 
missioner. 

Oh  motion,  the  Board  adjourned. 


NINTH  MEETING. 

Lansingy  May  27 ^  1869. 

The  Board  met  at  the  oflSce  of  the  Secretary  of  State. 

Present : 

Hon.  H.  P.  Baldwin,  Governor, 

Hon.  E.  0.  Grosvenor,  State  Treasurer, 

Hon.  B.  D.  Pritchard,  Com'r  State  Land  Office, 

Hon.  0.  L.  Spaulding,  Secretary  of  State. 

14 


106  PBOCEBDINGS  OF  THE 

Swwnp         SWAMP    XAND    STATE    KOAD    COMMISSIONER    FOR    THE    UPPER 

Land  state 

Ro«l  Com-  PENINSULA. 

miasloner 

ibr  Upper    • 

Peninsula.  Peter  Mitchell,  having  been  appointed  by  the  Governor  as 
S.  lu  S.  E.  Commissioner  for  the  Upper  Peninsula,  filed  his 
official  bond  on  this  day  with  the  Secretary  of  State,  and  took 
the  oath  of  office. 

Bridge  OTer  BRIDGE  OYER  AU  SAUBLE    RIVER. 

An  Stnble 

The  former  action  of  the  Board,  adopting  location  and  plan 
of  the  bridge,  was  rescinded. 

On  motion. 

The  bridge  was  located  at  the  point  recommended  by  Special 
Commissioner  Breckenridge,  as  shown  by  the  map  filed  by  him 
this  day. 

The  plan  of  bridge  recommended  by  Special  Commissioner, 
and  filed  this  day,  was  adopted. 

Authority  is  hereby  given  to  Special  Commissioner  to 
modify  said  plan,  so  as  to  extend  the  opening  to  55  feet,  provi- 
ded the  change  of  plan  is  found  practicable,  and  that  the  ex- 
pense of  the  bridge,  so  modified,  shall  not  exceed  the  amount 
of  the  appropriation. 

The  contract  of  Special  Commissioner  with  Wm.  Scott  as 
principal,  and  Frederick  A.  Koehler  and  R  Tolbert  as  sureties, 
was  approved. 

The  account  of  Bingham,  George  &  Co.,  for  advertising  for 
proposals  for  building  bridge  over  Au  Sauble  river,  was  allowed 
at  13  15. 

Manistee  MANISTEE  AND  LELAND  STATE  ROAD. 

randLeland 

The  account  of  Bingham,  George  &  Co.,  for  advertising 
notice  of  letting  contracts  on  said  road,  was  allowed  at  15  25. 

St  Mary's  ST.  MARY'S  RIVER  AND  MACKINAC  STATE  ROAD. 

Rirer  and 

Mackinac. 

The  account  of  Bingham,  George  &  Co,,  for  advertising 
notice  of  letting  contracts  on  said  road,  was  allowed  at  16  30. 


STATE  SWAMP  LAND  BOAKD.  107 

MINERAL  BANQE   STATE  BOAD.  Mineral 

Bange. 

The  account  of  Bingham,  George  &  Co.,  for  advertising 
notice  of  letting  contracts  on  said  road,  was  allowed  at  $4  20 ; 

Also, 

The  account  of  Bingham,  Kerr  &  Co.,  for  advertising  notice 
of  letting  contracts  on  the  same  road,  was  allowed  at  $4  20. 

SAUOATUCK  AND  OVEBISEL  STATE  BOAD.  ^5*A??  i 

ana  Orensel 

The  account  of  Bingham,  George  &  Co.,  for  advertising 
notice  of  letting  contracts  on  said  road,  was  allowed  at  $2  50. 

NEWAYGO   AND   NOBTHPOBT  STATE  BOAD.  Nowam 

and  North - 
port. 

The  bond  of  Wm.  Holdsworth,  Local  Commissioner  on  said 
road,  with  Perry  Hannah  and  Smith  Barnes  as  sureties,  was 
approved. 

HASTINGS   AND   LOWELL  STATE   BOAD.  Haatlnga 

and  Lowell. 

The  bond  of  Travers  Phillips,  Local  Commissioner  on  said 
road,  with  Nathan  Barlow  and  Daniel  S.  Miller  as  sureties, 
was  approved. 

SOUTHEBN  DIVISION — POBT  AUSTIN  AND  SANILAC  STATE       Southern 

DlTlsion— 
BOAD.  PortAuatln 

and  Sanilac. 

The  bond  of  Charles  Decker,  Local  Commissioner  on  said 
road,  with  Watson  F.  Bisbee  and  Joseph  Merrill  as  sureties, 
was  approved. 

CASS  BIVEB  AND  BAY  CITY  STATE  BOAD.  Oa^rirer 

and  Bay 
atjr. 

On  recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S.  B.  Commissioner,  the 
contract  of  J.  F.  Wiley,  dated  Sept  1, 1868,  was  canceled. 

BEBLIN  AND  GEOBGETOWN  STATE  BOAD.  Berlin  and 

Georgetown  • 

The  Governor  laid  before  the  Board  the  Eeport  of  Special 
Oommissioner  Curtis,  appointed  by  him,  as  to  the  contracts  of 


108  PROGEBDIKQS  OF  THB 

Ammi  Bnrnham  and  Ira  Y.  Bumham,  which,  on  motion,  was 
referred  to  the  Attorney  General. 

STB^yofty  ^^^^  RIVER  AND  BAY  CITY  STATE  ROAD. 

On  recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S.  R  Commissioner,  the 
contract  of  Archibald  Black,  C.  6.  Learned  assignee,  was 
extended  to  September  1, 1869. 

Jo«»I»*nd  TUSCOLA   AND  BAY    STATE  ROAD. 

On  recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S.  B.  Commissioner,  the 
contract  of  Archibald  Black,  C.  G.  Learned  assignee,  was 
extended  to  September  1,  1869. 

Akron  Ditch  AKRON  DITCH. 

The  contract  of  John  S.  Coy,  assigned  to  C.  6.  Learned,  was 
extended  to  September  1, 1869,  on  recommendation  of  the  S. 
L.  S.  R  Commissioner. 

Ontonagon.  ONTONAGON  AND  MONTREAL  RITER  STATE  ROAD, 

and  Mon- 
treal 

The  account  of  A.  Randolph,  for  services  as  surveyor  and  for 
map,  was  referred  to  the  S.  L.  S.  R  Commissioner  for  the 
Upper  Peninsula. 

On  motion,  the  Board  adjourned. 


TENTH  MEETING. 

Lansingi  June  SO,  1869. 

The  Board  met  at  the  ofiSce  of  the  Secretary  of  State. 

Present : 

Hon.  B.  D.  Pritchard,  Com'r  State  Land  OflSce, 

Hon.  E.  0.  Grosvenor,  State  Treasurer, 

Hon.  Wm.  Humphrey,  Auditor  General, 

Hon.  0.  L.  Spaulding,  Secretary  of  State. 


STATE  SWAMP  LAKD   BOARD.  109 

ONTONAGON  AND  MONTREAL  RIVER  STATE  ROAD.  Ontonagon 

and  Montre- 
al rlyer. 

Peter  Mitchell,  Commissioner  for  the  Upper  Peninsula,  to 
whom  was  referred  the  account  of  Albert  Randolph,  for  survey 
and  map  of  the  route  of  said  road,  reported  in  favor  of  allowing 
the  account  at  $600  00.  On  motion,  the  claim  was  allowed  at 
$600  00. 

BRIDGE  OVER  AU  SAUBLE  RIVER.  BridwoTer 

An  Banble 
Eirer. 

On  motion. 

The  action  of  the  Board  of  May  27,  adopting  the  plan  of 
the  bridge  recommended  by  Special  Commissioner,  was  modi- 
fied so  far  as  to  adopt  the  swing  of  the  bridge,  approved  April 
Ist,  1868,  provided  that  the  expense  to  the  State  shall  not 
exceed  the  appropriation. 

IONIA,   HOUGHTON  LAKE,  AND  MACKINAC  STATE  ROAD.        Ionia, 

Houghton 
liUEoand 

The  account  of  W.  S.  George  &  Co.,  for  publishing  notice  to  m*<5^*^ 
contractors  on  said  road,  was  allowed  at  $8  40. 

8A0INAW,   GRATIOT,    AND  NEWAYGO  STATE  ROAD.  oSSorilnd 

Newaygo. 

The  account  of  John  A.  Kerr  &  Co.,  for  publishing  notice 
to  contractors  on  said  road,  was  allowed  at  $3  50. 

EAST  SAGINAW  AND  JUNCTION  STATE   ROAD.  EaatSaai- 

nawand 
Junction. 

On  recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S.  R.  Commissioner,  the 
acceptance  of  a  balance  of  252  rods  of  said  road,  being  an 
excess  by  actual  measurement  of  92  rods  over  and  above  the 
contract  of  B.  B.  Buckhout,  was  approved. 


PORT  HURON,  BAY  CITY,  AND   LANSING  STATE  ROAD.  Port  Huron, 

and  Ti^nftlTig 

On  the  same  recommendation,  the  acceptance  of  the  con- 
tract of  William  Mercer,  on  said  road,  assigned  to  E.  L.  Dun- 
bar, for  one  mile  six  chains  and  thirty-six  links,  being  in  fiill 
of  contract,  was  approved. 


110  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE 

CMoana  CLIO  AND  CHESANIKG  STATE  BOAD. 

Chesaning. 

On  the  same  recommendation,  the  acceptance  of  the  contract 
in  full  of  Yates  T.  Cole,  on  said  road,  was  approved. 

Wtaopnsln  WISCONSIN   AND   LAKE  SUPERIOR  STATE   ROAD. 

and  Lake 

Superior. 

On  the  same  recommendation,  the  acceptance  of  the  con- 
tract of  Kirby,  Carpenter  &  Co.,  Spaulding  &  Porter,  Lud- 
ington,  Wells  &  Co.,  from  the  mouth  of  the  Menominee  river 
to  one-half  mile  south  of  stake  No.  8,  on  gaid  road,  being  eight 
miles,  was  approved. 

Genesee  and  GENESEE  AND  SAGINAW  STATE   ROAD. 

Saginaw. 

On  the  recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S.  R.  Commissioner,  the 
acceptance  of  the^  contract  of  Yates  T.  Cole,  on  said  road, 
assigned  to  Minerva  Parshall,  administratrix  of  the  estate  of 
Israel  Parshall,  deceased,  for  one  mile,  on  which  she  is  entitled 
to  720  acres  of  land,  was  approved. 

Antrim  ANTRIM   DITCH. 

Ditch. 

The  bond  of  David  Parker,  Local  Commissioner  on  said 
ditch,  with  John  N.  IngersoU  and  Jerome  W.  Turner  as  sure- 
ties, was  approved. 

White  Lake  WHITE  LAKE  AND  BIG  RAPIDS  STATE  ROAD, 

and  Big 

E»pW8.  rj\^^  bond  of  Josiah  M.  Cook,  Local  Commissioner  on  said 

road,  with  Alfred  S.  Mason  and  Esek  P.  Clark  as  sureties,  was 
approved. 

^^^j^  COTTON   WOOD  SWAMP  STATE  ROAD. 

Wood 

Swamp.  rpjj^  suFV'ey  and  route  of  said  road,  filed  this  day,   was 

adopted. 

Saginaw  SAGINAW  CITY  AND  OWOSSO  STATE  ROAD. 

Cntyand 
Owoseo. 

The  survey  and  route  of  said  road,  filed  this  day  by  J.  H. 
Leavenworth,  was  adopted. 


STATE  SWAHP  LAND  BOARD.  Ill 

HASTINGS  AND  LOWELL  STATE  ROAD.  ^Mtingi 

andLowelU. 

The  survey  and  route  of  said  road,  this  day  filed,  was 
adopted. 

MIDLAND,    HOUGHTON    LAKE,    AND    GRAND  TRAVERSE  STATE  gWlMd,^ 

*"  AD.  Grand  TrtT- 

ene.. 

On  the  recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S.  K  Commissioner, 
the  acceptance  of  the  contract  of  Theodore  Bathy,  No.^  4, 
eastern  division,  was  approved  so  far  as  to  allow  him  900  acres 
of  local  scrip,  and  900  acres  of  general  scrip>  he  having  so  far 
completed  his  contract  that  there  is  due  him  1,280  acres 
general,  and  1,123  four-sevenths  acres  local  scrip.. 

On  motion,  the  Board  adjourned^ 


ELEVENTH  MEETING. 

Lansing,  July  Ty  1869^  . 

The  Board  met  at  the  office  of  the  Secretary  of  State  and 
adjourned. 


TWELFTH  MEETING. 

Lansing,  July  28,  1869. 

The  Board  met  at  the  office  of  the  Secretary  of  State* 

Present: 

Hon.  H.  P.  Baldwin,  Governor, 

Hon.  E.  O.  Grosvenor,  State  Treasurer,. 

Hon.  Wm.  Humphrey,  Auditor  General^ 

Hon.  Dwight  May,  Attorney  General, 

Hon.  O.  L.  Spaulding,  Secretary  of  State. 


112  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE 

Brltooy«r  BRIDGE  OVER  TEE  AU  BAUBLE  RIVER. 

Aa  Stable 

Biyer. 

The  account  of  the  "  Iosco  County  Gazette/^  for  advertising, 
was  allowed  at  $3  75. 

White  Lak«  YTHITE  LAKE  AND  BIG   RAPIDS  STATE  ROAD, 

and  Big 

Rftpids.  rpj^^  ggj^   notes  and  diagram  of  survey  of  said  road,  filed 

July  28, 1869,  were  approved  from  Big  Rapids  to  section  10 
of  the  survey. 

WeeternDl-  WESTERN  DIVISION — SANILAC  AND  BAY  STATE  ROAD. 

Tislon— 

simiiac  ftDd  j^  appearing  from  new  proof  presented  to  this  Board  by  Jas. 
J.  McOormick,  that  injustice  was  done  him  by  action  of  the 
Board  of  October  30,  1867,  in  canceling  his  contract  within 
the  village  of  Portsmouth,  and  on  recommendation  of  the  S. 
L.  S.  R.  Commissioner,  to  whom  the  matter  had  been  referred 
for  further  investigation,  and  it  appearing  that  said  contractor 
built  100  rods  of  road  in  accordance  with  his  contract,  for 
which  he  has  not  been  paid  (being  that  part  of  said  road  lying 
in  the  village  of  Portsmouth), 

Resolved,  That  said  James  J.  McCormick  be  paid  the  sum 
of  two  hundred  and  fifty  dollars  in  swamp  lands,  being  the 
balance  due  on  said  contract 

AU  SAUBLE  RIVER  BRIDGE. 
An  SftQble 
•riTer  Bridffe* 

Frederick  A.  Koehler,  of  East  Saginaw,  one  of  the  sureties 
on  the  contract  of  William  Scott,  appeared  before  the  Board 
and  filed  an  assignment  of  Mr.  Scott  of  all  his  interest  in  said 
contract,  to  him  the  said  Eoehler,  and  the  said  Eoehler  having 
presented  a  new  contract  made  by  himself  as  principal  with 
Wm.  H.  Button,  Land,  Priest,  and  Gay,  and  William  P.  Gleasby 
as  sureties,  for  the  completion  of  said  bridge  by  the  16th  day 
of  September  next,  the  said  contract  was,  on  motion,  approved. 

Vvaumn,  DUNCAN,  ALPENA,  AND  SAUBLE   RIVER  STATE  ROAD. 

Alpeiu  and 

Sanbto 

Riyer.  The  accouut  of  E.  B.  Chamberlain,  Local  Commissioner  on 

said  road,  was  allowed  at  $51  00 ; 


STATB  SWAMP  LAND  BOARD.  113 

Also, 

The  account  of  W.  S.  George  &  Co.,  for  advertising  letting 
of  contracts  on  said  road,  was  allowed  at  $7  35. 

WHITE  LAKKAND  BIG  RAPIDS  STATB  ROAD.  White  Lak« 

and  Big 
Bftpids. 

The  account  of  W.  S.  George  &  Co.,  for  advertising  letting 
of  contracts  on  said  road,  was  allowed  at  $4  20. 

CLIO  AND  CHESANING  STATB  ROAD.  OUo  Md 

Oheaanini^. 

The  account  of  W.  S.  George  &  Co.,  for  advertising  letting 
of  contracts  on  said  road,  was  allowed  at  $2  10. 

COTTONWOOD  SWAMP  STATB  ROAD.  Cottonwood 

BwAinp. 

The  account  of  W.  S.  George  &  Co.,  for  advertising  letting 
of  contracts  on  said  road,  was  allowed  at  $2  10. 

HASTINGS  AND  LOWELL  STATE  ROAD.  Hastings 

and  Lowell. 

The  account  of  W.  S.  George  &  Co.,  for  advertising  letting 
of  contracts  on  said  road,  was  allowed  at  $10  50. 

PORT  AUSTIN  AND  SANILAC  STATE  ROAD.  '      MdS^lbSf 

The  acceptance  by  the  Local  Commissioner  of  the  contract 
of  Wm.  R.  Stafford,  from  mile  post  No.  48  to  mile  post  No.  52, 
was  approved  on  recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S.  R.  Commis- 
sioner so  as  to  allow  the  contractor  $2,400  00  in  swamp  land ; 

Also, 

On  the  same  recommendation,  the  acceptance  of  the  contract 
of  Wm.  R.  Stafford,  of  sections  47  and  48,  on  said  road,  was 
approved* 

EASTERN  DIVISION — MIDLAND,  HOUGHTON   LAKE,  AND  TRAV-  Eastern  Di- 
vision— 

ERSE  BAT  STATE  ROAD.  Midtond 

Houghton 

%  LUE0and 

On  recommendation  as  above,  the  acceptance  of  the  contract  ^•▼ww 
of  Theodore  Bathy,  of  section  19  of  said  road,  was  approved 

15 


114  PROGBBDIKQS  OF  THB 

80  as  to  allow  payment  to  contractor  of  eleven  hundred  and 
twenty-five  dollars  in  swamp  land ; 

Also^ 

On  like  recommendation,  the  acceptance  of  the  contract  of 
Theodore  Bathy,  of  sections  20  and  21/was  approved  so  as  to 
allow  payment  to  contractor  of  one  thousand  dollars  in  swamp 
land. 

Upeerand  LAPBEB  AND  TUSCOLA  STATE   ROAD. 

TasoolA. 

On  reconmiendation  aa  above,  the  acceptance  of  the  contract 
of  Hiram  Curtis  in  full,  was  approved. 

ly^SMl.  EAST  SAQIKAW  AND  JUNCTION  8TATB  ROAD. 

On  the  recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S.  R.  Commissioner, 
the  acceptance  by  the  Local  Commissioner,  of  the  contract  of 
B.  B.  Buckhout,  from  the  S.  W.  comer  of  Sec.  17,  T.  12  N.,  of 
S.  6  E.,  to  the  quarter  stake  between  sections  18  and  19,  being 
one-half  mile  of  said  road,  was  approved. 

Northern  NORTHERN  DIVISION — SANILAC  AND  HURON  STATE  ROAD. 

Dtrltion^ 

Hnroiu  On  like  recommendation,  the  acceptance  of  the  contract  of 

Green  Pack,  from  Port  Crescent  to  Bad  Ax,  on  said  road,  was 
,  approved  so  as  to  allow  payment  to  contractor  of  $6,000  00 
in  swamp  land« 

Mnakegon  MUSKEGON  AND  CEDAR  SPRINGS  STATE  ROAD, 

•nd  Gedftr 

?«««••  Q^  jii^^  recommendation,  the  acceptance  of  the  contract  of 
Stephen  0.  Hall,  on  said  road,  was  approved  so  as  to  allow  pay- 
ment to  contractor  of  $3,200  00  in  swamp  land. 

Hew«7go  NEWAYGO  AND   NORTHPORT  STATE    ROAD, 

and  North- 
port. 

The  acceptance  by  a  Local  Commissioner  of  the  contract  of 
J.  M.  Cook  &  Co.,  was,  on  recommendation  as  above,  approved 
so  as  to  allow  payment  to  contractor  of  $4,800  00  in  swamp 
land. 


STATE  SWAMP  LAKD  BOARD.  116 

VIBST    DIVISION — ALLEGAN,  MUSKEGON,    AND  TRAVERSE  BA.r  j^ggtDhU- 

too — 
STATE   ROAD.  AOmn, 

Miuk«foii, 

On  like  recommendation,  the  acceptance  of  the  contract  of  eneBif/ 
John  F.  Bird,  on  said  road,  was  approved  so  as  to  allow  pay- 
ment to  contractor  of  11,200  00  in  swamp  land. 

PORT  AUSTIN   AND  SANILAO  STATE  ROAD.  PortAaitlii 

andSftnilM. 

On  the  recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S.  S.  Commissioner, 
the  acceptance  of  the  contract  of  George  W,  Pack,  from  mile 
I)08t  No.  69  to  mile  post  No.  64,  on  said  road,  was  approved  in 
ftilL 

SOUTHERN  DIVISION — SANILAC   AND  HURON  STATE  ROAD.     Southern 

Divitton— 

SftOllAOftDd 

On  like  recommendation,  the  acceptance  of  the  contract  of  Horon. 
Joseph  Heathcote,  was  approved  so  as  to  allow  payment  to  the 
contractor  of  $626  00  in  swamp  land. 

PORT  AUSTIN  AND  SANILAC  STATE  ROAD.  PortAutla 

and  Sanilse. 

On  motion,  the  line  of  said  road  was  changed  to  correspond 
with  diagram  and  field  notes  this  day  filed  in  the  ofiSce  of  the 
S.  L.  S.  R  Commissioner. 

WISCONSIN  AND  LAKE  SUPERIOR  STATE  ROAD.  WlpopnaUi 

Snptrior. 

On  the  recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S.  R.  Commissioner  for 
the  Upper  Peninsnla,  the  line  of  said  road  was  changed  be- 
tween the  18th  and  40th  mile  posts,  so  as  to  correspond  with 
diagram  and  field  notes  this  day  filed  in  the  said  Commissioner's 
oflSce  in  Lansing. 

SAGINAW,  GRATIOT,  AND  NEWAYGO  STATE  ROAD.  Sf*^'''  . 

Grattot  aadi 

Nvwaygo. 

On  the  recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S.  R  Commissioner,  the 
acceptance  of  the  contract  of  Jonah  F.  Lathrop,  from  section 
stake  7  to  section  stake  10,  on  said  road,  was  approved  so  as  to 
allow  payment  to  contractor  of  $4,100  00. 


116 


PBOCEBDINGS  OF  THE 


Eastern 

DlTiBion— 

Midland, 

Honghton 

Lake,  and 

Trarene 

Bay. 


EASTERN    DIVISION — MIDLAND,  HOUGHTON  LAKE,  AND 

TRAVERSE  BAY  STATE  ROAD. 

On  the  recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S.  R.  Commissioner,  the 
acceptance  by  a  Local  Commissioner  of  the  contract  of  John 
G.  Owen,  of  sections  47  to  56,  inclusive,  on  said  road,  was 
approved  so  as  to  allow  payment  to  contractor  of  $10,671  GO 

On  motion,  the  Board  adjonmed. 


CaaaRiTor 
and  Bay 
Oily. 


THIRTEENTH  MEETING. 

Lansing^  August  26,  1869, 

On  this  day  the  Board  of  Control  met  at  the  office  of  the 
Secretary  of  State. 
Present: 

Hon.  H.  P.  Baldwin,  Governor, 
Hon.  Wm.  Humphrey,  Auditor  General, 
Hon.  E.  0.  Grosvenor,  State  Treasurer, 
Hon.  0.  L.  Spaulding,  Secretary  of  State. 

The  following  business  was  transacted,  viz : 

CA88  RIVER  AND  BAT  CITY   STATE  ROAD. 

On  the  recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S.  R  Commissioner,  the 
contract  of  Maxime  Sansisee  was  approved  in  full. 

On  recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S.  R.  Commissioner,  the 
contract  of  A.  C.  Maxwell,  No.  1,  new  series,  was  approved  so 
as  to  allow  the  contractor  payment  of  $800  00. 

On  recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S.  R  Commissioner,  the 
contract  of  Luther  Hawkins  was  approved  in  full 


Soothem  SOUTHERN  DIVISION — SANILAC  AND  HURON  STATE  ROAD. 

Dlvlaioii— 

Sanilac  and 

Huron.  The  accouut  of  Charles  Decker,  Local  Commissioner,  was 

allowed  at  $128  25. 


STATE  SWAMP  LAND  BOARD.  117 

On  recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S.  R.  Commissioner,  the 
contract  of  Joseph  Heathcote  was  approved  in  fall,  a  part  of 
said  contract  haying  been  formerly  approved. 

NEWAYGO  AND  NORTHPORT  STATE   ROAD.  Newaygo 

and  North* 
port 

On  the  recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S.  R.  Commissioner,  the 
contract  of  J.  M.  Cook  &  Co., — sections  69  and  70,  71,  72,  and 
73, — was  approved  so  as  to  allow  payment  on  4J  miles,— $3,600  00. 

OVID  AND  ST.  CHARLES  STATE  ROAD.  OvIduKlSt. 

Gharlet. 

On  the  recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S.  R.  Commissioner,  the 
contract  of  N.  Peacock  was  approved  so  as  to  allow  payment 
to  the  contractor  of  $3,150  00. 

ALMA  AND  CLINTON  STATE  ROAD.  AHnauul 

Clinton. 

On  the  recommendation  of  tho  S.  L.  S.  R.  Commissioner,  the 
contract  of  L.  A.  George,  No.  2,  was  approved  in  fall. 

MONTCALM  AND  GRATIOT  STATE  ROAD.  Montodm 

And  Gratiot 

On  the  recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S.  R.  Commissioner,  the 
contract  of  Robert  Wood,  No.  2,  was  approved  so  as  to  allow 
the  payment  of  $1,800  00. 

On  the  recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S.  R.  Commissioner,  the 
contract  of  Micajah  Douglass,  No.  4,  was  approved  so  as  to 
allow  the  payment  in  full  for  the  bridge  of  $500  00. 

DUNCAN,  ALPENA,  AND  SAUBLE  RIVER  STATE  ROAD.  Dnncan, 

Alpena  tad 
Saable 

The  account  of  E.  B.  Chamberlain,  Local  Commissioner,  was  ^*^*'- 
allowed  at  $36  00. 

The  account  of  A.  C.  Tefft,  surveyor,  which  also  included 
an  account  for  ehainman  ($15  00),  was  allowed  at  $70  00. 

CRAWFORD'S  QUARRY   STATE  ROAD.  Crawfoitl't 

Quarry. 

The  account  of  E.  B.  Chamberlain,  Local  Commissioner,  was 
allowed  at  $21  00. 


118  PBOOEEDINOB  OF  THB 


UPPER  PENINSULA. 

Horth 

IMTifion-         KOBTH  DIYISIOK — BAY  BE  KOG  AKD   QREEK  BAY  STATE 

BftT  Do  Noo 

4uia  Qreon  BOAD. 

B*y. 

On  the  recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S.  R  Oommissioner, 
the  contract  of  Mark  English,  No.  1,  was  approved  so  as  to 
allow  payment  to  the  contractor  of  four  sections  of  land, 
2,560  acres. 

OntonMon  ONTONAGON  AND  MONTREAL  RIVER  STATE  ROAD, 

and  Montre- 
al ilT«r. 

The  acconnt  of  W.  S.  George  &  Co.,  for  advertising,  was 
allowed  at  17  00. 

On  the  recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S.  R  Oommissioner,  the 
contract  of  J.  A.  Orozier  &  Co.,  No.  1,  for  four  and  one-half 
miles,  being  from  the  west  bank  of  the  Ontonagon  river  to 
the  four  and  one-half  mile  stake,  was  approved  in  full. 

St  Maij's  ST.  MARIE'S  RIVER  AND  MACKINAC  STATE  ROAD. 

BtTerand 

Miwkinf 

On  the  recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S.  R  Commissioner,  the 
contract  of  W^  H.  Hill,  from  the  48th  mile  stake  to  the  55th 
mile  stake,  7  miles,  was  approved  in  full. 

PortAnstln  PORT  AUSTIN  AND   UNIONVILLE  STATE  ROAD. 

and  TJnton- 

irillo. 

The  bond  of  Charles  B.  Oottrell,  Local  Commissioner,  with 
Bichard  Smith  and  Levi  L.  Wizson  as  sureties,  was  approved. 

Montoalm  MONTCALM  AND  GRATIOT  STATE   ROAD. 

andQrattot 

The  bond  of  James  Oargett,  with  Charles  W.  Tann  and  A* 
Terington  as  sureties,  was  approved. 

BridMorer  BRIDGE  OVER  AU  SAUBLB  RIVER. 

An&tnbla 

The  account  of  John  W.  Slater,  for  plans  of  bridge,  wad 
allowed  at  $60  00. 


STATS  8WAKP  LAKD  BOABD.  110 

The  account  of  K  P.  Guild,  of  $60*00,  for  plan  of  bridge 
which  was  not  adopted,  was  rejected. 

RIPLEY  BITCH.  RiplajDiteli 

Application  of  seyeral  persons  in  Sanilac  county  having 
been  receiyed  for  the  expenditure  of  the  balance  of  the  appro- 
priation upon  this  ditch,  the  whole  subject  was  referred  to  the 
8.  L.  S.  R.  Commissioner  for  investigation,  with  directions  to 
TejMrt  to  the  Board  as  early  as  practicable. 

MONTCALM  AKD  GRATIOT  STATE  ROAD.  IJd"o»Sot 

On  the  recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S.  K.  Commissioner,  the 
contract  of  Bobert  Wood,  No.  2,  was  approved  so  far  as  to 
allow  the  payment  of  the  balance  of  amount  due  on  the  second 
mile  on  north  end,  $350  00. 

LAPEER  AND  TUSOOLA   STATE  ROAD.  ^^SSu."* 

Alexander  Newman,  a  contractor,  appeared  before  the  Board 
and  asked  relief  for  losses  sustained  upon  his  contract  Upon 
consideration,  it  was  determined  by  the  Board  that  they  had  no 
authority  to  grant  the  relief  asked  for. 

NORTHWESTERN  DIVISION — MIDLAND,   HOUGHTON  LAKE,  AND  Norttweat- 

'  ^  era  Dtriflloii 

TRAVERSE  BAY  STATE  ROAD.  iJiSSSS' 

LftkeuMl 

On  the  recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S.  R.  Commissioner,  the  2^7^ 
contract,  No.  1,  of  0.  L.  Noble,  was  approved  so  as  to  allow 
payment  to  contractor  of  $22,000  on  the  sixteen  miles  from 
the  21st  to  the  37th  mile  stake. 

On  the  recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S.  R  Commissioner,  the 
said  contractor  is  also  allowed  $4,800  00,  balance  due  on  the 
12  miles  accepted  and  approved  Dec.  31st,  1868. 

On  motion,  the  Board  adjourned. 


120  PB0CEBDIK08  OF  THB 


FOUETEENTH  MEETING. 

Lansing,  October  6, 1869. 

On  this  day  the  Board  of  Control  met  at  the  ofiSce  of  the 
Secretary  of  State. 
Present : 

Hon.  H.  P.  Baldwin^  Governor, 
Hon.  0.  L.  Spanlding,  Secretary  of  State, 
Hon.  E.  0.  GrosYenor,  State  Treasurer, 
Hon.  B.  D.  Pritchard,  Com'r  State  Land  Office, 
Hon.  Wm.  Humphrey,  Auditor  General, 
When  the  following  business  was  transacted,  viz : 

Akron  Ditch  AKBON   DITCH. 

The  bond  of  Ira  Graves,  as  Commissioner,  with  Charles  Cur- 
tis and  H.  J.  Moss  as  sureties,  was  approved. 

^J^^^  ONTONAGON  AND  MONTREAL  RIVER  STATE  ROAD. 

Blrer. 

On  the  recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S.  R.  Commissioner, 
an  acceptance  on  J.  W.  Crozier  &  Co/s  contract  was  approved, 
from  the  four  and  one-half  mile  to  the  six  and  one-half  mile 
stake,  $2,933  33. 

ri?o?Bridg«.  ^^  SAUBLB  RIVER  BRIDGE. 

The  contract  of  F.  A.  Koehler  was  approved  in  full, 
$6,400  00,  and  ordered  paid  in  State  swamp  land& 

Branch  of  BRANCH  OF  MACKINAC  AND  DELTA  STATE  ROAD. 

Ifaoktnae 

•Dd  Deiti,       Tjy^^  jjjj^p  j^^  ggj^  notes  this  day  filed  by  Peter  Mitchell  was 
approved. 

ADemn,  ALLEGAN,  MUSKEGON,  AND   TRAVERSE  BAY  STATE  ROAD. 

HoMce^on 

Bay,  On  the  recommendation  of  the  S.  L.  S.  R  Commissioner, 

the  contract  of  S.  M.  Shertleflf  was  extended  until  the  Ist  day 


-STATE  SWAMP  LAND  BOABD.  121 

of  May,  1870,  the  assent  of  the  sareties  having  been  this  day 
filed  with  the  Board. 


PORT  HUKON,  BAY  CITY,   AKD  LANSING  STATE  ROAD.  Port  Huron, 

Bay  City, 
and  lAnaing 

On  the  representation  of  R  C.  Dart,  of  the  condition  of 
contract  No.  16,  upon  said  road,  the  Board  requested  the  Gov- 
ernor to  appoint  a  Special  Commissioner  who  should  examine 
the  road  and  report  if  the  conditions  of  the  contract  have 
been  complied  with, — said  contract  covering  that  portion  of 
the  road  lying  between  section  stakes  Nos.  21  and  22. 

Mr.  L.  B.  Curtis  was  appointed  as  such  Commissioner. 

PORT    AUSTIN  AND   UNIONVILLE  STATE  ROAD.  Port  Anstin 

and  Union* 
viUe. 

The  map  and  field  notes  this  day  filed  with  the  Board,  was 
approved. 

CRAWFORD'S  QUARRY  STATE  ROAD.  Orawford'a 

Quarry. 

The  map  and  field  notes  this  day  filed  with  the  Board,  was 
approved. 

DUNCAN,  ALPENA,   AND  AU  SAUBLE  STATE  ROAD.  Doncan,  Al 

pena,  and 
An  Sanble. 

Change  of  route  adopted,  as  shown  by  the  map  and  field 
notes  this  day  approved  and  filed  in  the  State  Road  OfSce. 

SAGINAW,  GRATIOT,  AND  NEWAYGO  STATE  ROAD.  ^^^7'  . 

'  '  Gratiot  and 

Newaygo. 

The  contract  of  J.  F.  Lathrop,  H.  C.  Ripley  assignee,  was 
approved,  $4,100  00. 

KONTCALM  AND  GRATIOT  STATE  ROAD.  Montcalm 

and  Qntiot 

The  contract  of  Jabez  Hawkins  was  approved,  $2,800  00. 

ALKA  AND  CLINTON  STATE  ROAD.  Alma  and 

Clinton. 

The  contract  of  C.  Keath  was  approved  in  full 
10 


122  PB00BXDIVG6  OF  THB 

YleuMftiMl  VIEKKA   AND  STATE  LIKE  STATE  BOAD. 

'StetoUne* 

The  account  of  S.  M.  Bingham,  Local  Oommissioner,  was 
allowed  at  157  00. 
The  contract  of  C.  Hertzler  was  approved  in  fulL 

DiuMMD,  DUNCAN,  ALPENA,   AND  AU  6AUBLE  STATE  BOAD. 

AlpenmftDd 

An  8aabU. 

The  account  of  E.  B.  Chamberlain,  Local  Commissioner, 
was  allowed  at  157  00. 

The  contract  of  Ovid  Smith  and  Paulet  Cicero  was  ap- 
proved at  $3,350  00. 

ManlBtM  MANISTEE  AND  LELAND  STATE   ROAD. 

.••ndLftlmd. 

The  account  of  V.  F.  Thurston,  Local  Commissioner,  was 
allowed  at  1314  25. 

The  contract  of  Hulburd  &  Thurston,  contract  No.  3,  miles 
1  to  6,  inclusive,  in  south  division,  and  north  one-half  of  mile 
No.  3,  and  north  three-fourths  of  mile  No.  4,  and  north  three- 
fourths  of  mile  No.  5,  and  south  one-fourth  of  mile  No.  6, 
being  8i  miles,  was  approved. 

The  account  of  V.  F.  Thurston,  Local  Commissioner,  was 
allowed  at  $185  25. 

The  contract  of  Delbridge  &  Crouse,  contract  No.  1,  sections 
25  and  26,  north  one-half  of  27,  and  all  of  28,  3^  miles,  was 
approved. 

The  contract  of  Delbridge  &  Welch,  contract  No.  2,  all  of 
mile  13,  south  one-half  of  16,  all  of  18  and  19,  and  fractional 

4101 

mile  22,  approved  (5  ssm  miles). 

The  petition  of  the  citizens  asking  for  a  change  of  route  so 
4is  to  cross  the  narrows  in  Olen  Lake  was  presented ;  and  upon 
hearing  *'the  statements  of  both  parties,  the  S.  L.  S.  B.  Com- 
missioner was  instructed  to  order  all  work  suspended  upon 
that  part  of  the  road  between  stakes  5  and  15,  in  order  that 
the  Board  might  be  more  fullj  apprized  of  the  wish  of  the 
people. 


STATE  SWAMP  LAND  BOABD.  123 

Ghange  of  route  adopted  in  town  27  N.,  of  B.  15  W.,  on 
Sees.  24y  25,  26,  and  27,  as  shown  by  map  and  field  notes  this 
day  approTed  and  filed  in  the  State  Boad  OfSce. 

NRW^YOO  AKD  KOBTHPOBT  STATE  BOAD.  STSoRi. 

port 

The  contract  of  J.  M.  Cook  &  Co.,  contract  Na  24,  Sees.  69, 
70, 71,  72,  and  73,  was  approved,  being  the  balance  dne,  $400  00. 

Contract  of  J.  M.  Cook  &  Co.,  contract  No.  24,  balance  of 
contract  approved,  $800  00. 

WHITE  LAKE  AND  BIG   BAPID8  STATE  BOAD.  White  Lik» 

•ad  Big 
lUpkU. 

Contract  No.  1,  E.  P.  Clark  contractor,  first  three  miles  from 
Big  Bapids,  was  approved. 

BIPLET  DITCH.  BlplerDtteh 

The  Board  authorized  the  Commissioner  to  expend  the  un- 
expended balance  of  the  appropriation  upon  the  extension  of 
said  ditch,  as  per  survey  this  day  filed  and  approved. 

POBT  AUSTIN  AND  SANILAC  STATE  BOAD.  PortAuttin 

•ndSanllie. 

The  contract  of  6.  W.  Pack,  No.  15,  was  approved  in  full. 

NOBTH   DIVISION — SANILAC  AND  HUBON  STATE  BOAD.  Korthani 

DiTlslon— 
SaoUao  %n4 

Contract  of  E.  &  J.  Erskine,  No.  2,  south  one-half  of  Sec.  31,  Hnron. 
aQ  of  Sees.  32,  33,  34,  and  35,  was  approved. 

SOUTH  DIVISION — SANILAC  AND  HUBON  STATE  BOAD.         Sontharn 

DItMob^ 

Contract  of  E.  &  J.  Erskine,  No.  4,  for  one  mile,  was  ap-  Hnroo. 
proved  in  full. 

Contract  of  Morris  Cocoman,  No.  6,  for  one  mile,  was  ap- 
proved in  full. 

Contract  No.  7,  of  Alfred  Gunning,  assigned  to  Morris  Coco- 
man,  two  miles,  approved  in  fulL 


124  PROCEEDIKGS  OF  THE 

JJn^g^  MUSKEGON  AND  CEDAB   SPRINGS  STATE    ROAD. 

Springs. 

Contract  of  Stephen  C.  Hall,  No.  3,  was  approved  so  as  to 
allow  the  contractor  $5,600  00. 


EwtSafil-  EAST  SAGINAW  AND  AU  SAUBLE  STATE  ROAD. 

DAW  and 
An  Stable. 

The  contract  of  J.  F.  Hotchkiss,  No.  2,  nnder  act  505,  of 
'the  Session  Laws  of  1867,  approved  so  as  to  allow  the  con- 
tractor $3,000  00. 


EoAtDl. 

•    Tlslon— 


Dl.        EAST  DIVISION — MIDLAND,   HOUGHTON  LAKE,  AND  TRAVERSE 
„   n — 

Mldiand,  BAY  STATE  ROAD. 

Houghton 
Lake  and 

gjareree  The  Contract  of  Theodore  Bathy,  No.  4,  was  approved  so  as 
to  allow  the  contractor  $3,200  00  as  follows,  viz :  $1,707  00 
general  scrip,  and  $1,493  00  in  Gladwin  county. 

Ovid  and*  OVID  AND  ST.  CHARLES   STATE  ROAD. 

St  Charlea. 

The  contract  of  N.  Peacock,  No.  1,  was  approved  so  as  to 
allow  the  contractor  $520  00. 

Midland  and  MIDLAND  AND   ISABELLA   STATE  ROAD. 

Isabella. 

The  contract  of  J.  M.  Sursh,  No.  20,  one  mile,  was  approved 
in  full. 

Oaaa  Elver  CASS  RIVER  AND  BAY   CITY  STATE  ROAD. 

andBayatj 

The  contract  of  Geo.  Carlan,  No.  3,  new  series,  was  approved, 
$200  00. 
The  contract  of  Elias  Steele  was  approved,  $800  00. 

lApeerand  LAPEER  AND  TUSCOLA  STATE  ROAD. 

ToMola. 

The  contract  of  Alexander  Newman,  No.  2,  was  approved^ 
$1,500  00. 

"fS"*^«  HASTINGS  AND  LOWELL  STATE  ROAD, 

and  Low^ 

The  account  of  Geo.  M.  Dewey,  for  advertising,  was  allowed 
at  $13  25. 


STATE  SWAMP  LAND  BOABD.  125 

lOKIA,   HOUGHTOK  LAKE,  AND  MACKINAC  STATE  EOAD.         Ionia, 

HoQ^htmi 
Lake  and 

The  account  of  Wm.  Broomfield,  Local  Commissioner,  E.^^ki»^- 
Hall  assignee,  was  allowed  at  $60  67. 

The  contract  of  Edmund  Hall,  No.  25,  one  mile,  was  ap- 
proved in  full. 

The  contract  of  Edmoud  Hall,  No.    23,  was  approved, 
•5,500  00. 

WEST  DIVISION — ALMA  AND  CLINTON  STATE  BOAD.  to^^^**' 

Alma  and 

The  contract  of  Van  Eiper  &  Hitchcock,  No.  1,  east  2i^***"-       ' 
miles,  was  approved  in  full. 

SAGINAW  CITY  AND  OWOSSO  STATE  BOAD.  '  Saginaw 

Cifyand 
Owosao. 

Corrected  survey,  map,  and  field  notes  this  day  filed  and 
approved. 

BLAC^  BFVBB   DITCH.  ^k  Hirer 

Ditch. 

The  contract  of  E.  &  J.  Erskine  was  extended  to  December 
1, 1869. 

POBT  SANILAC  AND  TUSCOLA  STATE  BOAD.  Port  SanOae 

andToBoola. 

The  contract  of  Martin  Moor,  last  three-fourths  mile,  was 
approved  in  full,  being  the  completion  of  the  contract 
On  motion,  the  Board  adjourned. 


FIFTEENTH  MEETING. 

Lansingy  October  27,  1869, 

On  this  day  the  Board  of  Control  met  at  the  oflSce  of  the 

Secretary  of  State,  when  the  following  business  was  transacted, 
to-wit : 


126  PBOCBBDIKGS  OP  THB 

aMihwMid  SANILAC  AND  BAT  8TATB  BOAD. 

B»y. 

The  contract  of  R  B.  Ward  was  approved  so  aa  to  allow  the 
contractor  13,000  00. 

WhlteLak«  WHITE  LAKE  AND  BIG   BAPIDS  8TATB  BOAD. 

ftDa  Big 

BapldB. 

The  contract  of  R  P.  Clark  was  approved  so  as  to  allow  the 
contractor  $3,760  00. 

H?&toD  lONI-^j  HOUQHXON  LAKE,  AND  MACKINAC  STATE  BOAD. 

LidMand 

MackiMo.        rpijg  contract  of  Edgar  L.  Qray,  three  miles,  was  approved 
in  full,  $2,962  50. 

The  contract  of  H.  M.  Johnson,  under  act  448,  of  laws  of 
1869,  was  approved  so  as  to  allow  the  contractor  13,750  00. 

SjTSiAi  DUNCAN,  ALPENA,  AND  AU  BAUBLE  STATE  BOAD. 

mble.  (No.  1,  Last  Series.) 

The  contract  of  Smith  &  Cicero  was  approved  so  as  to  allow 
the  contractors  $1,750  00. 

BMtSMl.  EAST  SAGINAW  AND  AU  SAUBLE  STATE  BOAD. 

DAW  ana 
A«  Sanble. 

The  contract  of  J.  F.  Hotchkiss  was  approved  so  as  to  allow 
the  contractor  $3,000  00. 

Eastern        EASTEBN  DIVISION — MIDLAND,  HOUGHTON  LAKE,  AND  TBAV- 

JpUand,  EBSE   BAT  STATE  BOAD. 

Houghton 

Lake  and 

TraverseBay     rpjj^  contract  of  Gcorgc  Bcuhart  was  approved  in  full. 

Qree^nlle  GBEENVILLE  AND  BIG  BAPIDS  STATE  BOAD. 

and  Big 

Baplds. 

The  contract  of  J.  B.  Barr  was  approved  so  as  to  allow  the 
contractor  13,750  00. 

^ta^n  LEXINGTON  AND  "^LINT  BIVEB  STATE  BOAD. 

riyer. 

The  contract  of  J.  L.  Woods  was  approved  so  as  to  allow  the 
contractor  $2,500  00. 


8TATB  SWAMP  LAKD  BOABD.  127 

BASTBBir  DIVISIOK — POBT  HUBON,    BAY  CITY,    AND  LAKSING  Eaatom  Dl- 

Tislon — 

STATE  BOAD.  5®'*.S?^°' 

and  T  aiming. 

The  contract  of  J.  L.  Woods  was  approved  so  as  to  allow  the 
contractbr  $10,450  00. 

lirOBTHEBK  DIVISION — SANILAO  AND  HUBON  STATE  BOAD.    Northem 

DiTlaion— 
Santlaoand 

The  contract  of  Green  Pack  was  approved  so  as  to  allow  the  Huron. 
contractor  $5,000  00. 

BAOINAW,   QBATIOT,    AND  NEWAYGO  STATE  BOAD.  B(igln»w, 

'  '  Ontiot«  and 

Newaygo. 

The  contract  of  J.  P.  Lathrop,  from  Sec.  stake  7,  to  Sec. 
gtake  10,  was  approved  so  as  to  allow  the  contractor  $400  00, 
balance. 

The  contract  of  J.  P.  Lathrop,  from  Sec.  stake  10,  to  Sec.  stake 
13j  was  approved  so  as  to  allow  the  contractor  $400  00,  balance. 

IONIA  AND  SMYBNA  STATE   BOAD.  Ionia  and 

Smjrna. 

The  account  of  Bichard  Yasper,  Local  Commissioner,  was 
allowed  at  $72  40. 

OVID  AND  ST.  CHABLES  STATE  BOAD.  OrldandSt. 

caiarlet. 

The  contract  of  N.  Peacock  was  approved  so  as  to  allow  the 
ooDtractor  $1,000  00. 

POBT  AUSTIN  AND  SANILAC  STATE  BOAD.  Port  Austin 

andSanOac 

The  account  of  G.  B.  Oottrell,  Local  Commissioner,  was 
allowed  at  $33  00. 

The  contract  of  W.  R  Stafford,  under  act  339,  of  laws  of 
1865,— balance  of  $800  00,  was  allowed. 

The  contract,  No.  12,  of  John  Cole,  J.  L.  Woods  assignee, 
three  miles,  was  approved  in  full 

On  motion,  the  Board  adjourned. 


128  PK0CBBDIK08  OF  THB 


SIXTEENTH  MEETING. 

,  Lansing,  November  2J^  1869. 

On  this  day  the  Board  met  at  the  oflSce  of  the  Secretary  of 
State. 
Present : 

Hon.  H.  P.  Baldwin,  Governor. 
Hon.  K  0.  Grosvenor,  State  Treasurer, 
Hon.  Wm.  Humphrey,  Auditor  General, 
Hon.  B.  D.  Pritchard,  Com'r  State  Land  Office, 
Hon.  0.  L.  Spaulding,  Secretary  of  State, 
When  the  following  business  was  transacted,  to-wit : 

DnncM,  DUNCAK,  ALPENA,  AND  AU  BAUBLE  STATE  ROAD. 

Alpena  and 

AnSanble. 

The  contract  of  Ovid  Smith  and  Paulett  Cicero,  No.  1,  new 
series,  was  extended  to  September  1, 1870. 

Midland,       MIDLAND,    HOUGHTON    LAKE,    AND    GRAND  TRAVERSE  STATE 

Hooghton 

I^and  ROAD. 

Grand 

Trayerae. 

The  contract  of  Theodore  Bathy,  No.  4,  was  extended 
to  November  1,  1870,  on  condition  that  the  force  shall  be 
kept  up, 

OrldMdSt  OVID  AND  ST.  CHARLES  STATE   ROAD. 

CSiarlea. 

The  contract  of  Nicholas  Peacock,  No.  1,  was  extended  to 
October  1, 1870,  on  condition  that  the  force  shall  be  kept  up. 

MnBkeffon  MUSKEGON  AND  CEDAR  SPRINGS  STATE  ROAD. 

andOedar 

Sprtnga. 

The  contract  of  Stephen  0.  Hall,  No.  3,  was  extended  to 
November  1, 1870,  on  condition  that  the  force  shall  be  kept  up. 

Northern  NORTHERN  DIVISION— SANILAC  AND  HURON  STATE  ROAD. 

DlTlBion— 

Sanilac  and 

Huron.  The  coutract  of  K  &  J.  Erskine  was  extended  to  September 

1, 1870. 


STATE  SWAMP  LAND  BOABD.  129 

The  contract  of  Green  Pack,  No.  1,  was  extended  to  October 
1, 187a 

MIDLAND,  HOUGHTON  LAKE,  AND  GRAND  TRAVERSE  STATE    Midland, 

Houghton 

BOAD.  Ltkeand 

Grand  Tray- 
cne. 

The  contract  of  J.  G.  Owen,  No.  3,  was  extended  to  October 
1, 1870. 

BBIDGETON  AND  OSCEOLA  STATE  BOAD.  Brld«»ton 

and  Ofloeola. 

The  contract  of  E.  L.  Gray  was  extended  to  June  1, 1870. 

CASS  RIVER  AND  BAY  CITY  STATE  ROAD.  (^aarfrer 

and  Bay  City 

The  contract  of  A.  C.  Maxwell,  No.  1,  new  series,  was 
extended  to  July  1, 1870. 

MONTCALM  AND  GRATIOT   STATE  ROAD.  Montcalm 

and  Gratiot. 

The  contract  of  Jabez  Ilawkins,  No.  1,  was  extended  to 
November  1, 1870. 

GREENVILLE  AND  BLOOMER  STATE  ROAD.  GreenriBo 

and  Bloomer 

The  contract  of  Benjamin  HaU,  No.  1,  was  extended  to 
September  1, 1870. 

IONIA,   HOUGHTON  LAKE,  AND  MACKINAC  STATE  ROAD.       Ionia, 

Houghton 
Lake  and 

The  contract  of  E.  Hall,  No.  23,  was  extended  to  November  MacUnac. 
1, 1870. 

The  contract  of  Hall  and  Gray,  No.  22,  was  extended  to 
November  1, 1870. 
The  contract  of  R  Hall  was  extended  to  November  1, 1870. 

WESTERN  DIVISION — ALMA   AND  CLINTON  STATE  ROAD.        Western  Di- 

rlalon — 
Alma  and 

The  contract  of  E.  Hall  was  extended  to  November  1, 1870.  <^*o'>- 
17 


130  PROCEEDIKOS  OF  THE 

^}g*^  iXMA  AND  CLINTOX  STATE  ROAD. 

Thp  contract  of  J.  W.  Van  Eiper  &  G.  L.  Hitchcock  was 
extended  to  November  1, 1870. 

Htatfngs  HASTINGB  AND  LOWELL  STATE  BOAD. 

and  Lowell. 

The  account  of  George  M.  Dewey,  haying  been  allowed  Octo- 
ber 6th,  1869,  and  afterwards  allowed  by  tlife  Board  of  Super- 
visors, the  action  of  the  Board  of  October  6, 1869,  was  revoked 
and  the  account  rejected. 

PortHop«  I*ORT  HOPE  AND  WILD  FOWL  BAY  STATE. BOAD. 

ftndWUd 

Fowl  Bfty.       rpj^^  j^^^^  ^f  James  Miller,  as  Local  Commissioner,  was  ap- 
proved and  filed  November  24, 1869. 

Rlpler  Ditch  RIPLBT  DITCH  EXTENSION. 

cKtrasioB. 

The  bond  of  J.  0.  Waterbnry,  aa  Local  Commissioner,  was 
approved  and  filed  November  24, 1869. 

An  SMible  AU  SAUBLE  BIVEB  BBIDGE. 

river  Brid|r^. 

The  account  of  E*  A.  Breckenridge,  Local  Commissioner, 
was  allowed  at  $96  00,  and  an  account  of  $45  00  was  sus- 
I)ended  and  the  balance  rejected. 

AQeMn,  ALLEGAN,    MUSKEGON,  AND  TBAVBBSE  BAY  STATfi  BOAD. 

B«r.   ^^"^     Change  of  route  adopted,  as  shown  by  map  and  field  notes 
this  day  approved  and  filed  in  the  State  Boad  Office. 

BttUniBd  BEBLIN  AND  OEOBGETOWN  STATE  BOAD. 

^Mryctown. 

Change  of  route  adopted,  as  shown  by  map  and  field  notes 
this  day  approved  and  filed  in  the  State  Road  Office. 

Newmo  NEWAYGO   AND  NOBTHPOBT  STATE  BOAD. 

tod  Nortii' 

Change  of  route  adopted,  as  shown  by  map  and  field  notes 
this  day  approved  and  filed  in  the  State  Boad  Office. 


BTATB  SWAKP  LAND  BOA&D.  131 

EAST  SAOIXAW  AND  AU  8AUBLE  STATE  BOAD.  EaitSagl. 

nawana 
Aa  Sanble. 

Change  of  route  adopfced,  as  shown  by  map  and  field  notes 
this  day  approved  and  filed  in  the  State  Soad  Office. 

IONIA,  HOUGHTON  LAKE,  AND  MACKINAC  STATE  KOAD.        nSMhton 

Lake  and 

The  contract  of  E.  Hall,  No.  23,  was  approved  so  as  to  allow  ^*~^^**»^ 
the  contractor  $6,923  00. 

The  contract  of  E.  Hall,  No.  25,  was  approved  in  full, 
tl,600  00. 

dOUTHERN   DIVISION — IONIA,    HOUGHTON   LAKE,  AND  MACKI- gjnthern 

NAC  STATB  KOAD.  }»^^^ 

Lake  and 

The  contract  of  II.  M.  Johnson,  No.  1,  under  act  No.  448,  of  *^"^- 
1869,  was  allowed  so  as  to  pay  the  contractor  11,000  00. 

The  contract  of  H.  M.  Johnson,  No.  1,  was  approved  from 
8th  mile  post  to  11th,  and  from  14th  to  16th,  and  from  18th  to 
19th,  $2,450  00. 

ALMA  AND  CLINTON  STATE  BOAD.  Aliiiaaa4 

CUntMi. 

The  contract  of  P.  Burlingame,  No.  8,  was  approved  in  full, 
»200  00. 

WB6TEBN  DIVISION — ALMA  AND  CLINTON  STATE  BOAD.       WaatDirla- 

The  contract  of  Van  Eiper  &  Hitchcock  was  approved  in  cuaton. 
fall,  $2,500  00. 

SOUTHEBN  DIVISION — ALMA  AND  CLINTON  STATE  BOAD.      S&ft*^ 

Alma  and 

The  contract  of  C.  W.  Tann,  No.  5,  was  approved  so  as  to  CMnton. 
allow  the  contractor  $1,600  00. 

MONTCALM  AND  GBATIOT  STATE  BOAD.  Mootealm 

and  OratSot. 

The  contract  of  Robert  Wood,  No.  2,  was  approved  in  full, 
$200  00. 


13^  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE 

The  contract  of  Eobert  Wood,  No.  5,  was  approved  so  a^s  to 
allow  the  contractor  11,000  00. 

The  contract  of  Micajah  Douglass,  No.  4,  was  approved  so  as 
to  allow  the  contractor  $1,250  00. 

The  contract  of  B.  Mackintosh,  Na  3,  was  approved  in  full, 
$3,200  00. 

The  contract  of  Charles  Merrill,  assignee  of  Jabez  Hawkins, 
approved  so  as  to  allow  the  assignee  $1,575  00. 

GreenylUe  GREENVILLE  AND  BLOOMER  STATE  ROAD, 

and  Bloomer 

The  contract  of  Benjamin  Hall,  dated  October  20, 1868,  and 
approved  November  14, 1868,  was  approved  so  as  to  allow  the 
contractor  $1,200  00. 

White  L»ke  WHITE   LAKE  AND   BIO   RAPIDS  STATE  ROAD. 

andBl^ 

The  contract  of  E.  P.  Clark,  No.  1,  was  approved  from  the 
7th  to  the  9th  mile  post,  inclusive. 

The  account  of  J.  M.  Cook,  Local  Commissioner,  was 
allowed  at  $200  00. 

EMtorn         EASTERN  DIVISION — MIDLAND,  HOUGHTON  LAKE,  AND  TBAV- 
XMviatoD — 

MWlaad,  ERSE  BAY  STATE    ROAD. 

Houghton 

lAke,aad 

TnT«rM  ijjjg  contract  of  Theodore  Bathy,  No.  4,  Sec.  19,  was  ap- 
proved so  as  to  allow  $200  00  in  general  scrip,  and  $177  32  in 
Midland  county  scrip. 

Jltdland,       MIDLAND,  HOUGHTON  LAKE,  AND  TRAVERSE  BAY  STATE  BOAD. 

Houghton 

IiAko  u>d 

T»vmo  The  contract  of  Theodore  Bathy,  No.  4,  i  of  Sees.  20  and 
21,  was  approved  so  as  to  allow  the  contractor  $275  00  bal- 
ance in  general  scrip,  and  $227  23  in  Midland  and  Gladwin 
county. 

The  contract  of  Theodore  Bathy,  No.  4,  i  of  Sees.  20  and 
and  all  of  22  and  23,  was  approved  so  as  to  allow  contractor 
$100  00  in  general  scrip,  and  $100  00  in  Gladwin  county. 


STATE  SWAMP  LA3CD  BOABD.  133 

WB8TEBN  DITISIOK — MIDLAND,  HOUOIITOK  LAKE,  AND  TBAV- Western 

Division— 

ERSE  BAY  STATE  ROAD.  Jf*^^f 

Hoaghton 

Laketnd 

_—  I^PATepseBsv 

The  contract  of  0.  L.  Noble,  N"o.  1,  from  2l8t  to  37th  mile, 
was  approved  in  full. 

MIDLAND,  HOUGHTON   LAKE,  AND  TRAVERSE  BAY  STATE  ROAD.  Midland, 

Houghton 
Lakesnd 

The  contract  of  0.  L.  Noble  was  approved  so  as  to  allow  ^'^•»® 
contractor  $34,450  00. 

CASS  RIVER  AND  BAY  CITY  STATE  ROAD.  OussBItct 

and  Bay 
Olty. 

The  contract  of  A.  C.  Maxwell  was  approved  so  as  to  allow 
the  contractor  $10,000  00. 

The  contract  of  Wm.  Hawkins  was  approved  in  full. 

CLIO  AND  CHESANINO  STATE  ROAD.  '  Clio  and 

Chesanlng. 

The  contract  of  Benjamin  Lockwood  was  approved  in  full. 
The  contract  of  J.  L.  Conner  was  approved  in  full. 
The  account  of  Henry  James,  Local  Commissioner,  was 
allowed  at  $87  00. 

NEWAYGO  AND   NORTHPORT  STATE  ROAD.  Newaygo 

andSorth- 

The  account  of  Wm.  Holdsworth,  Local  Commissioner,  of  ^"^ 
$107  00,  was  allowed  aj;  $74  00, 

LAPEER  AND  TUSCOLA  STATE  ROAD.  Lapeer  and 

Tnaeola. 

The  contract  of  Alexander  Ne\\Tnan  was  approved  in  fulf, 
$100  00. 

ALLEGAN,  MUSKEGON,  AND  TRAVERSE  BAY  STATE  ROAD.       Allewn, 

MttMcegon 
andTraTOTBo 

The  contract  of  J.  T.  Bird  was  approved  in  full,  $400  00.     Bay. 

IONIA  AND  SMYRNA  STATE  ROAD.  lonUand 

Smyrna. 

The  contract  of  D.  F.  Frazelle,  L.  B.  Townsend  assignee, 
was  ^proved  in  full. 


134  PROOBEDIKGB  OF  THE 

EMtera  EASTERK  DIVISION — 6AKILAC  AND  BAY   StATB  BOAD. 

DMston— 

BaalUwaad 

B»7-  The  contract  of  R  B.  Ward,  No.  7,  was  approved  bo  as  to 

allow  contractor  $900  00. 

OvidiadBt.  OVID  AND  ST.  CHARLES  8TATE  BOAD. 

ChariM. 

The  contract  of  N.  Peacock,  No.  1,  was  approved  bo  as  to 
allow  contractor  $2,000  00. 


EMt8a«i-  BAST  SAGINAW  AND  AU   BAUBLE  STATE   ROAD. 

aawaiM 

An  Batibla. 

The  contract  of  J.  T.  Hotchkies,  Sec.  3,  was  approved  so  as 
to  allow  contractor  $2,500  00. 

ABtrlm  ANTRIM   DITCH. 

DHch. 

The  contract  of  11.  B,  Young  was  approved  so  as  to  allow 
contractor  $575  00. 

DttBcan,  Al-  DUNCAN,  ALPENA,   AND  AU  BAUBLE  STATE  ROAD. 

MDaaiidAia 

'  The  contract  of  Panlet  Cicero,  No.  2,  act  No.  505,  of  1867. 

was  approved  so  as  to  allow  the  contractor  $1,250  00. 

The  account  of  E.  B.  Chamberlain,  I^cal  Commissioner, 
was  allowed  at  $51  00. 

Mii0k«ffon  MUSKEGON  AND  CEDAR  SPRINGS   STATE  ROAD. 

aodCedar  ^ 

BpriiurB. 

The  contract  of  S.  C.  Hall,  No.  3,  Avas  approved,  $1,600  00. 

BtackBlTer  BLACK  RIVER  DITCH. 

Ditch. 

The  contract  of  E.  &  J.  Erskine  was  approved  in  full. 

Port  Huron,  PORT  HURON,  BAY  CITY,   AND   LANSING   STATE  ROAD. 

Baratj 

axra  Lansing. 

Report  of  L.  B.  Curtis  adopted,  recommending  the  approval 
and  allowance  of  the  contract  of  C.  C.  Darling,  No.  16,  the 
amount  to  remain  in  the  hands  of  the  Board  until  the  matter 
is  adjusted  between  the  town  and  C.  C.  Darling. 


BTATB  BWAHP  LAKD  BOABD.  135 

HONTRBAL  AKD  OKTONAGOH  BTATB  BOAD.  Montreal 

and  Oaton* 
Agon. 

The  bond  of  Thomas  Hooper,  with  Charlea  Pisher  and  Eich* 
ard  Moile  as  sureties,  was  approved  and  filed. 

MIlSrEBAL  BANGB  STATE  BOAD.  gtojnkl 

The  contract  of  D.  E.  O'Snlliyan  &  Neil  McEachren,  No.  3, 
was  approved  from  23d  to  27th  mile  posts. 

WISCONSIN  AND  LAKE  SUPERIOR  STATE  ROAD.  WlacoMla 

andlAke 
Saparlor. 

The  contract  of  Kirby,  Carpenter  &  Co.,  No.  1,  8  miles,  was 
approved,  $12,600  00. 

ST.  hart's  river  and  MACKINAC  STATE  ROAD.  Si.  Vary 

ADdMftCk- 
ilMC. 

The  contract  of  W.  H.  Hill,  No.  4,  flrom  46th  to  48th  mile 
post,  was  approved 
On  motion,  the  Board  adjourned. 


SEVENTEENTH  MEETING. 

Larmnffi  January  J,  1870. 

On  this  day  the  Board  met  at  the  office  of  the  Secretary  of 
State,  when  the  following  business  was  transacted,  viz : 

HANISTEE  AND  LELAND  STATE  ROAD.  ManlstM 

ftndLelAnd. 

Whereas,  The  contract  of  Delbridge  &  Welch,  No.  2,  is 
foTind  to  cover  1  mile,  1  chain,  and  91  links  less  than  is  shown 
by  the  survey  approved  by  the  Board,  and, 

Whereas,  Said  excess  is  now  being  built  at  the  direction  of 
the  Local  Commissioner,  and, 


136  PROCBBDIKOS  OF  THE 

Whereas,  Said  contractors  now  ask  for  the  payment  of  the 
sum  actually  duo  them  on  account  of  such  excess ;  now  there- 
fore, be  it 

Resolved,  That  the  said  contractor  be  paid  the  sum  of 
$819  00  in  State  swamp  land  when  the  same  shall  be  com- 
pleted. 

Newargo  KEWAYOO  AKD  NORTHPOBT  STATE  BOAD. 

and  North- 
port 

Contract  of  J,  M.  Cook  &  Co.  was  approved  from  the  4l8t 
to  the  85th  mile  post,  $459  50. 

Cottonwood  COTTONWOOD  SWAMP  STATE  BOAD. 

Swamp. 

The  contract  of  Henry  &  G.  W.  Thayer,  No.  6,  was  approved 
so  as  to  allow  contractors  $680  00. 

The  contract  of  Samuel  Smith,  No.  1,  was  approved  in  full, 
$250  00. 

CtMBIrer  CASS   BIVEB  AXD  BAY  CITY  STATE  BOAD. 

aodBayatj 

The  contract  of  D.  M.  Pack,  No.  11,  approved  in  full, 
$800  00. 

The  contract  of  George  Carlans,  No.  3,  new  series,  approved 
so  as  to  allow  payment  of  $53  50,  balance  due. 

The  contract  of  Elias  Steele,  No.  5,  new  series,  approved  so 
as  to  allow  payment  of  $900  00. 

Mani6te«  HANISTEE  AND  LELAND  BTATB  BOAD. 

and  Leland. 

The  contract  of  Hubard  &  Thurston,  No.  3,  approved  so 
as  to  allow  contractors  $1,540  00. 

Contract  of  Delbridge  &  Welch,  No.  2,  approved  so  as  to 
allow  payment  of  $2,400  00. 

Contract  of  J.  B.  Delbridge  &  R  Crouse,  No.  1,  approved  so 
as  to  allow  payment  of  $2,000  00. 

EaatSaffl-  EAST  SAGINAW  AND  AU  SAUBLB  STATE  BOAD. 

naw  and  An 

Sanbk). 

The\;ontract  of  J.  F.  Hotchkiss,  from  Kaw  Eawlin  river  to 
An  Sauble  river,  approved  so  as  to  allow  payment  of  $2,780  00* 


STATB  BWAMP  LAND  BOARD.  137 

WB6THBK  DIVISION — ALMA  AND  CLINTON  BTATB  EOAD.         Western  Dl- 
Tteion— 
Alma  and 

Aooonnt  of  W.  S.  George  &  Co.,  for  advertising,  allowed  at  ownton. 
$3  50. 

MirSKEGON  AND  CEDAE  SPRINGS  STATE  ROAD.  Maske«>n 

and  Cedar 
Bpringft. 

Oontract  of  Wm.  Wartrou«,  from  Jf.  R  comer  of  Sec.  35,  T. 
10  N.,  of  B.  12  W.,  to  the  quarter  post  on  the  south  side  of 
Sec.  13,  approved  so  as  to  allow  payment  of  $1,850  00. 

MONTCALM  AND  GRATIOT  STATE  ROAD.  Montealm 

and  Ck«tiot 

Account  of  John  0.  Palmer,  surveyor,  allowed  at  $87  50. 


HASTINGS  AND  LOWELL  STATE  ROAD.  Haatlnga 

and  Lowell. 

Contract  of  Stephen  Doty  approved  in  full,  $635  00. 

WHITE  LAKE  AND  BIG   RAPIDS  STATE  ROAD.  White  Lake 

and  Big 
Bapids. 

Contract  of  E.  P.  Clark  approved  so  as  to  allow  payment  of 
#1,050  00,  balance  due. 

SANILAC  AND  HURON  STATE   ROAD.  SanUaeand 

Huron. 

Contract  of  E.  &  J.  Erskine,  No.  2,  approved  so  as  to  allow 
$1,520  00. 

PORT  AUSTIN  AND  UNIONVILLE  STATE  ROAD.  PortAnstIn 

and  Unton- 
Tille. 

Contract  of  Ayers,  Learned  &  Wiswall,  No.  1,  approved  so 
as  to  allow  payment  of  $2,340  00. 

ROGUE  RIVER  IMPROVEMENT.  Boffue  rircr 

Improra- 

Contract  of  French,  Knight  &  Owen,  No.  1,  approved  so  as 
to  allow  $3,000  00. 

18 


138  PROCBSDIKGS  OP  THK 

BiftonDI-  EASTERN   DIYISION-^MIDLAKDy  HOUGHTON  LAKE,  AND  TBAV- 

Tiftoih* 

MMlMd  ERSE  BAY  STATE  ROAD. 

HOQfflltOB 

Likeaad 

2JT*^  Contract  of  Theodore  Batliy,  Xo.  4,  approved  so  as  to  allow 
payment  of  $1,280  00  in  general  scrip  and  $1,123  00  in  Glad- 
win connty, — total,  $2,403  00. 

SiullMftiMl  SANILAC  AND   BAY  STATE  ROAD. 

B.y. 

The  contract  of  E.  B.  Ward,  being  Sees.  26  to  31,  the  con- 
sent of  the  sureties  having  been  filed,  was  extended  to  Novem- 
ber 1st,  1870. 

The  contract  of  B.  B.  Ward,  being  Sees.  3,  and  12  to  20,— 
the  consent  of  the  sureties  having  beiin  filed,  the  same  was 
extended  to  November  Ist,  1870. 

StglMwaad  SAGINAW  AND  GRATIOT  STATE   ROAD. 

Qratlot 

Contract  of  Wm.  P.  Glasby,  the  consent  of  the  sureties 
having  been  filed,  was  extended  to  July  1st,  1870. 

WiacoMln  WISCONSIN  AND  LAKE  SUPERIOR  STATE  ROAD, 

and  Lake 

Contract  of  Kirby,  Carpenter,  et  al,  was  extended  to  Decem- 
lx?r  Ist,  1870,  if  sureties  file  their  consent. 


Aa8«abk»  AIT  BAUBLE  RIVER  BRIDGE. 

riTerBrUg«. 

The  account  of  E.  A.  Breckenridge,  of  $45  00,  upon  which 
the  Board  suspended  action,  was  allowed,  making  in  all  the 
sum  of  $141  00,  to  be  paid  in  State  swamp  land  at  $1  25  per 
acre. 

St  JiarfB  ST.  MARY'S  RIVER  AND  MACKINAC  STATE  ROAD. 

BlTerand 

The  account  of  Edmond  Ashmon,  of  $27  00,  which  was 
allowed  October  ,7th,  1868,  was  rescinded,  it  having  been 
allowed  in  the  accounts  of  November  10,  1868,  at  $30  00. 


STATE  8WAMP  LAND  BOABD.  139 

CAPAC  AND  CLYDE  STATE  KOAD  EXTENSION.  9^^*^ 

Qjrde  eztoii- 
sioa. 

Contract  of  John  Phelps,  No.  1,  extended  to  July  1, 1870, 
consent  of  sureties  having  been  filed. 

Contract  of  John  Phelps,  No.  1,  approved  so  as  to  allow 
pajnnent  of  $3,000  00. 

WISCONSIN  AND  LAKE  SUPERIOB  STATE  BOAD.  WlMWwto 

and  Lake 


Survey  and  field  notes  this  day  filed  and  approved. 


Superior. 


MANISTEE  AND  LELAND  STATE  ROAD.  MtnUt^ 

andLeUukd. 

Petition  of  citizens  in  Leelanaw  county,  for  and  against 
change  of  route,  received,  and  the  S.  L.  S.  B.  Commissioner 
was  authorized  to  cause  a  survey  to  be  made,  and  to  change 
the  route,  in  accordance  with  the  request  of  petitioners  asking 
the  change,  provided  the  contract  can  be  let  to  responsible 
parties  before  April  30, 1870,  for  building  the  road,  including 
the  bridge  over  the  narrows  at  Glen  Lake,  at  the  rate  of  1800 
per  mile  from  the  point  where  the  new  line  shall  leave  to  the 
point  where  it  shall  again  intersect  the  present  line ;  payable 
in  State  swamp  land  at  minimum  price  established  by  law,  the 
measurement  to  be  by  the  new  line.  If  this  cannot  be  done, 
then  the  Commissioner  shall  authorize  the  continuance  of 
work  on  original  line. 

On  motion,  the  Board  adjourned. 


EIGHTEENTn  MEETING. 

Lansing^  January  26,  1870, 

On  this  day  the  Board  met  at  the  office  of  the  Secretary  of 
State,  B.  D.  Pritchard,  Chairman  i^ro  tem.y  when  the  following 
business  was  transacted,  viz : 


140  PROCEEDIKGS  OF  THE 

Northern      KOBTHEHK     DIVISION — BAY  DE    NOC  AKD  GREEN  BAT  STATE 

DiTtoton— 

Bay  De  Noo  ROAD. 

and  Greon 
Bay. 

The  contract  of  Mark  English,  Xo.  1,  was  approved  bo  as  to 
allow  payment  of  $13,100  00. 

Wtoopnaln        WISCONSIN   AND  LAKE  SUPERIOR  STATE  ROAD  EXTENSION. 

and  Lake 

8aperlor 

Extension.       Contract  of  Wm,  Roes,  No.  2,  approved  so  as  to  allow  the 
contractor  $6,140  00. 

The  contract  of  F.  F.  Hurley  was  approved  so  as  to  allow  the 
contractor  $5,150  00. 

Wtowneln  WISCONSIN   AND  LAKE  SUPERIOR  STATE  ROAD. 

and  Lake 

Bnperior. 

The  contract  of  Kirby,  Carpenter  &  Co.,  et.  al.,  No.  1,  was 
approved  from  mile  posts  13  to  15,  and  from  mile  posts  IS  to  20, 
$6,300  00. 

The  bond  of  Wm.  Holmes,  Local  Commissioner,  with  S,  M. 
Stevenson  and  £.  S.  Ingalls  as  sureties,  was  approved  and  filed. 

OassRWer  CASS  RIVER  AND   WILD   FOWL  BAY  STATE  ROAD. 

and  Wild 

The  bond  of  T.  B.  Johnson,  Local  Commissioner,  with  W. 
R.  Burt  and  F.  F.  Gardner  as  sureties,  was  approved  and  filed. 

White  Lake  WHITE  LAKE  AND  BIG  RAPIDS  STATE  ROAD, 

and  Big 

The  contract  of  R  P.  Clark,  No.  1,  was  extended  to  July 
1, 1870,  the  consent  of  the  sureties  having  been  filed. 

Clio  and  CLIO   AND  CEESANINQ   STATE  ROAD. 

Cheaanln;. 

The  contract  of  John  Weir,  No.  10,  was  approved  in  full 

Third  Divi-  THIRD    DIVISION — ALLEOaN,  MUSKEGON    AND  TRAVERSE  BAT 

aion-— AUo- 

gan,Hask«-  STATE  ROAD. 

£OD  and     - 

Bay.  The  acceptance  on  contract  of  S.  G.  Bollins,  approved  one 

mile  west  from  corner  of  Sees.  16, 17,  20,  and  21,  T.  14  N.,  R 
17  W. 


STATE  SWAMP  LAND  BOARD.  141 

MANISTEE  AND   LELAND  STATE  BOAD.  EaniatM 

and  Lelaad. 

Contract  of  Delbridge  &  Welch,  No.  2,  approved,  11,960  00. 

ST.  mart's  RITER  AXD   MACKINAC  STATE   ROAD.  St.  Mary's 

rtrerand 
Mackinac 

Account  of  John  Cota,  Surveyor,  W.  11.  Hill  assignee,  was 
allowed  at  $49  25. 

Acconnt  of  Wm.  Ashmon,  Local  Commismoncr,  W.  H.  Hill 
assignee,  was  allowed  at  $12  00. 

MIDLAND  AND  ISABELLA  STATE  ROAD.  Midland  and 

Uabella. 

Contract  of  Nathaniel  Wilson,  for  building  bridge  over  the 
Ohippewa  river,  approved  so  as  to  allow  payment  of  1875  00. 
On  motion,  the  Board  adjourned. 


NINETEENTH  MEETING. 

Lansing,  February  23,  1870. 

On  this  day  the  S.  L.  >S.  B.  Board  of  Control   met  at  the 
office  of  the  Secretary  of  State. 
Precent: 

Hon.  H.  P,  Baldwin,  Governor, 
Hon.  0.  L.  Spaulding,  Secretary  of  State, 
Hon.  Wm.  Humphrey,  Auditor  General, 
Hon.  B.  D.  Pritchard,  Com'r  State  Land  Office, 
When  the  following  business  was  transacted,  viz : 

BRANCH  STATE  ROAD  (EATON  AND  BAHBY  COUNTIES).        BranchState 

^  ^  Road. 

The  bond  of  Henry  Elliott,  with  C.  Hewctt  and  U.  D.  Pugh 
as  sureties,  was  approved. 

NEWAYGO  AND  NORTHPORT  STATE  ROAD.  ^^VT^^ 

and  North* 

port 

Contract  of  Henry  Clark,  Leach  &  Bates  assignees,  allowed 
at  1040  00. 


142  PB0CESDIK66  OF  THE 

Midland,       MIDLAND,  HOUGHTON    LAKE,  AND  TRAVERB    BT  STATE  B0A1>. 

HoaffbtoD 

Lake  and 

TrnvTseBay     Contract  of  Martin  Moore,  M.  W.  Moore  adminiBtratoTt 
allowed  at  $3,360  00. 

Branch  of  BRANCH  OF  MACKINAC  AND  DELTA  STATE  ROAD. 

Mackinac 
and  Delta. 

The  account  of  W.  S.  George  &  Co.,  for  adyertisixig,  was 
allowed  at  $3  50. 

Extension  of  EXTENSION  OF  WISCONSIN  AND  LAKE  SUPERIOR  STATE  ROAD. 

Wieconain 

and  Lake 

enpwtor.        The  account  of  W.  S.  George  &  Co.,  for  advertising,  was 
allowed  at  $2  25. 
On  motion;  the  Board  adjourned. 


TWENTIETH  MEETING. 

La^ising,  April  6,  1870. 

On  this  day  the  8.  L.  S.  R.  Board  of  Control  met  at  the 
oflBce  of  the  Secretary  of  State. 
Present: 

Hon.  H.  P.  Baldwin,  Governor, 
Hon.  0.  L.  Spaulding,  Secretary  of  State. 
Hon.  Wm.  Humphrey,  Auditor  General, 
Hon.  B.  D.  Pritchard,  Com'r  State  Land  Office, 
Hon.  E.  0.  Grosvenor,  State  Treasurer, 
When  the  following  business  was  transacted,  viz : 

0»wfi>rd*t  CRAWFORD'S  QUARRY   STATE  ROAD. 

Quarry. 

L.  B.  Curtis,  Commissioner,  instructed  to  order  a  re-flurvey. 

LaiMerand  LAPEER  AND  TUSCOLA  STATE  ROAD. 

Toacola. 

Contract  of  Solomon  Stone  was  extended  to  November  15, 
1870,  contractor  having  filed  new  bond  and  consent  of  sureties. 


STAT£  SWAMP  LAND  BOABD.  143 

ALLBOAKy  MUSKEOOX.    AKD  TRAVERSE  BAY  STATE  ROAD.      AOmu, 

ftiMl  Tnr- 

Contract  of  J.  A.  Antbrop  was  extended  to  July  1,  1870,  •"•^•j. 
consent  bavin^z:  been  filed  in  writing. 

PORT   AUSTIX  AND   UNIONTILLE  STATE  ROAD.  PortAusUa 

and  UbImi- 
TlUe. 

Change  of  route  adopted  as  shown  by  map  and  field  notes 
this  day  approved  and  filed  in  the  State  Road  OfiSce. 
Ou  motion,  the  Board  adjourned. 


TWENTY-FIRST  MEETING. 

Lamingy  April  27^  1870. 

On  this  day  the  Board  of  Control  met  at  the  offioe  of  the 
Secretary  of  State. 

Present: 

Hon.  B.  0.  Qrosvenor,  State  Treasurer, 

Hon.  Wm.  Humphrey,  Auditor  General^ 

Hon.  B.  D.  Pritchard,  Com'r  State  Land  Office, 

Hon.  0.  L.  Spaulding,  Secretary  of  State. 

Hon.  B.  D.  Pritchard  was  chosen  Chairman  pro  tern.,  when 
the  following  business  was  transacted,  viz: 

OEKBVA   AND  SAOINAW  BAY  STATE  ROAD.  tSSSifU 

Bond  of  Horace  Parsell,  Local  Commissioner,  with  H.  C. 
Marvin  and  J.  A.  Cornell  as  sureties,  was  approved. 

BAY   DE  NOC  AND  ORBEN  BAY  STATE  ROAD.  BmtD*  Hoe 

s&d  Qftea 
B*y. 

The  claim  of  E.  S.  Ingalls,  contractor  on  this  road,  for  pay- 
ment of  19  chains  and  two  links,  claimed  by  him  to  have  been 
built  in  excess  of  the  41  mUes  specified  in  his  contract,  was 
presented  to  the  Board,  and,  on  motion,  was  unanimously 
lejected. 


144  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE 

Maatettiae  HAKI8TEE  AKD  LELAND  STATE  ROAD. 

On  motion,  the  matter  of  the  change  of  route  at  Olen  Lake 
narrows  was  referred  to  Commissioner  Curtis^  with  instruc- 
tions to  proceed  to  that  point  as  early  as  practicable,  and  locate 
said  road  in  accordance  with  his  judgment,  and  direct  the 
Commissioner  of  the  work  accordingly,  and  report  to  thip 
Board  at  the  next  meeting. 

On  motion,  the  Board  adjourned. 


TWENTY-SECOND  MEETING. 

Lansing^  May  ^,  1370. 

On  this  day  the  Board  of  Control  met  at  the  ofl^  of  thr 
Secretary  of  State. 
Present : 

Hon.  H.  P.  Baldwin,  Governor, 
Hon.  0.  L.  Spaulding,  Secretary  of  State, 
Hon.  E.  0.  Grosvcnor,  State  Treasurer, 
Hon.  Wm.  Humphrey,  Auditor  General, 
Hon.  Dwight  May,  Attorney  General, 
When  the  following  business  was  transacted,  viz : 

mSTcSS?  MUSKEGON  AND  CEDAR  SPRINGS  STATE  ROAD. 

Springs. 

Account  of  K.  W.  Jewell,  Local  Commissioner,  allowed  at 
862  00. 

CassrlTer  CASS  RIVER  AND   BAY   CITY   STATE  ROAD, 

and  Bar 

aty. 

Contract  of  Elia^  Steele,  No.  5,  new  scries,  was  approved, 

$1,500  00. 

AU«ffftn,  ALLEGAN,  MUSKEGON,  AND   TRAVERSE  BAY  STATB  ROAD. 

Moakegon, 

SwB?/.'        Contract  of  John  T.  Bird,  contract  dated  September  22, 
1869,  for  one  mile  north  from  Sec.  2,  was  approved,  $1,600  00. 


STATE  SWAMP  LAKD    BOAKD.  14*') 

Contract  of  John  T.  Bird,  contract  dated  September  2'i, 
1869,  approved  from  3d  comer  of  snrvev  to  Sec.  11,  T.  6  N., 
K.  Hi  W.,  approved,  $1,600  00. 

Contract  of  S.  M.  Sliurtleff.  dated  May  5,  1866,  approved  in 
full,  ♦19,800  00. 

WHITE   LAKE   AND    BIO    RAPIDS  STATE    ROAD.  mS^B!^''*' 

Rapids. 

Contract  of  E.  P.  Clark.  Xo.  1,  approved  so  as  to  allow  pay- 
ment of  ♦1,;?80  00. 

ROGUE*  RIVER    IMPROVEMENT.  Roffu©  River 

ImproTe- 
ment. 

Contract  of  Geo.  L.  Knight  &  K.  £.  French  .ai)proved  in 
full,  $750  00. 

WHITE   LAKE    AND   BIG    RAPIDS  STATE   ROAD.  White  Lali« 

ftndBlfr 

Survey  and  field  notes  this  day  filed  and  approved.  ^^  ** 

BRANCH   OF  MACKINAC  AND   DELTA    STATE   ROAD.  Branch  of 

Mackinac 
andDclU. 

Bond  of  Samuel  H.  Selden,  Local  Commissioner,  with  Eli 
P.  Royce  and  C.  C.  Royce  as  sureties,  was  approved. 

NEWAYGO   AND   DAYTON   EXTENSION  STATE  ROAD.  Newaygo 

and  iMvton 
cztenBlon. 

Bond  of  Isnu*!  Smith,  Local  Commissioner,  with  Shnbael  F. 
White  and  Luther  N.  Foster  as  sureties,  was  approved. 

FOURTH  DIVISION — ALLEGAN,  MUSKEGON,  AND  TRAVERSE  BA  Y  Fonrth  Dl] 

▼islon — 
STATE   ROAD.  AU««n, 

Mnakegon, 
andTrav- 

Bond  of  John  Bailey,  Local  Commissioner,  with  L.  W.  Case®*^^^ 
and  James  B.  Walker  as  sureties,  was  approved. 


BAY   DE   NOC    AND  GREEN  BAY  STATE   ROAD.  Bay  De  Noc 

and  Green 

70  ^y- 


The  action  of  the  Board  of  Control,  dated  April  27th,  1870, 
in  the  matter  of  E.  S.  Ingalls,  was  reconsidered  and  referred  • 
to  Commissioner  L.  B.  Curtis,  who  had  formerly  approved  the 

19 


146  PKOCEBDIKQ«  OP  THE 

contract  of  £•  S.  Ingalls  for  the  constraction  of  41  mileB  of 
said  road,  and  on  his  recommendation,  Mr.  Ingalls  was  allowed 
the  sum  of  $380  00  for  19  chains  and  two  links,  being  the 
length  of  said  road  in  excess  of  the  41  miles  formerly  allowed. 

Ifjuilatee  HAXIBTEE  AKD  LELAXD  STATE   ROAD. 

On  recommendation  of  Commissioner  L.  B.  Curtis,  route 
changed  on  north  side  of  Glen  Lake,  and  upon  the  south  side 
to  north  shore  of  the  lake,  in  accordance  with  field  notes  and 
diagram  this  day  filed  and  approved. 

On  motion,  the  matter  of  trespass,  said  to  have  been  com- 
mitted by  Geo.  N.  Fletcher,  was  referred  to  Comnmiissioner  L. 
B.  Curtis  to  settle  in  accordance  with  the  rules  which  have 
been  established  by  the  Board  of  Control. 

On  motion,  the  Board  adjourned. 


TWBNTY-THIRD  MEETING. 

Lansingy  July  6y  1870. 

On  this  day  the  Board  of  Control  met  at  the  ofiBce  of  the 
Secretary  of  State. 
Present: 

Hon.  H.  P.  Baldwin,  Governor, 
Hon.  0.  L.  Spaulding,  Secretary  of  State. 
Hon.  E.  0.  Grosvenor,  State  Treasurer, 
Hon.  Wm.  Humphrey,  Auditor  General, 
When  the  following  business  was  transacted,  viz : 

AHeetn,  ALLEGAN,   MUSKEGON,   AND  TRAVERSE   BAY   STATE   ROAD. 

iiiuKegOD 

Buy.    ^*^**     Account  of  Thomas  Padgett  allowed  at  $75  00. 

Contract  of  John  T.  Bird,  dated  September  22,  1869,  from 
Sec.  2,  north  of  south  line  of  town  of  Olivet,  to  Sec.  8,  was 
approved  in  full,  1400  00. 


8TATB  8WAMP  LAND  BOARD.  147 

Contract  of  John  T.  Bird,  dated  September  22, 1869,  for  one 
mile,  in  T.  8  N.,  R.  16  W.,  was  approved  in  full,  $400  00. 

POUBTH  DITiaiOX — ALLEOAK,  MUSKBQOK,  AND  TRAVEBSB  BAY  gjjjjg  _ 

STATE  BOAD.  ^. 

aadTm?erw 

Contract  of   Apthort  &  Keith,  approved  so  as  to  allow  ^y- 
tl,100  GO. 


DUNCAN,  ALPENA,  AND  AU  BAUBLE  STATE  ROAD.  Duncan  Al- 

nenAfAnd 
Au.SftQble. 

Account  of  K  B.  Chamberlain,  Local  Commissioner,  was^ 
allowed  at  1114  00. 

Contract  of  Obed  Smith,  No.  3,  new  series,  approved  so  aa  tc^ 
aUow  $400  00. 

Contract  of  Panlet  Cicero,  No.  2,  new  series,  approved  so» 
as  toi  allow  tl,600  00. 

Contract  of  George  N.  Fletcher,  No.  18,  for  building  bridge^ 
over  Thunder  Bay  river,  was  approved  in  full,  $1,485  00. 

DONCAN,  ALPENA,  AND  AU  BAUBLE  EXTENSION  STATE  ROAD.  Dancan, 

Alpena  and 
Au  Sanble, 

Bond  of  David  Smith,  Local  Commissioner,  with  Edgar  •*t»niion. 
Conklin  and  Charles  Brannock  as  sureties,  filed  and  approved. 

SANILAC  AND   BAY  STATE  ROAD.  Banilacand 

Bay. 

Contract  of  E.  B.  Ward,  No.  7,  approved  so  as  to  allow 
tl69  65,  balance  due. 

EASTERN   DIVISION — SANILAC  AND  BAY  STATE  ROAD.  Eaatwn 

DiTialon— 
Hanilacand 

Contract  of  K  B.  Ward,  No.  7,  approved  in  full,  $1,501  30^  Bay. 

NEWAYGO  AND   NORTH  PORT  STATE   ROAD.  Newaygo 

and  North' 
port. 

Contract  of  Leach  &  Bates,  assignees  of  Henry  Clark,  ap- 
proved so  as  to  pay  $1,280  00. 

Account  of  Wm.  Holdsworth,  Local  Commissioner,  was 
allowed  at  136  00. 


148  PROCEEDINGS  T)F  THE 

;Miron  Ditch  AKRON   DITCH. 

Conti'act  of  Charles  G.  Learned,  assignee  of  John  S.  Cov, 
approved  in  full,  $400  00. 

Port  Austin  PORT   AUSTIN  AND   UNIONVILLE  STATE    ROAD. 

and  Union- 

vflle. 

Contract  of  Avers,  Leanied  &  AViswell,  Xo.  1,  approved  in 
full,  $785  00. 

St. Louis  ST.   LOUIS  AND    PINE   RIVER  STATE    ROAD, 

and  Pine  i 

river. 

Contract  of  George  Spayed,  No.  T,  was  approved  iu  full, 
*878  32. 

8a<rin»w,  SAGINAW,   GRATIOT,    AND   NEWAYGO  STATE   ROAD. 

Gratiot  and 

Ncwavffo. 

Contract  of  H.  C.  Ripley,  assignee  of  F.  Lathrop,  approved, 
$1,200  00. 

Midland,       MIDLAND,  HOUGHTON  LAKE,  AND  TRAVERSE  BAY  STATE  ROAD. 
Houghton 

Traverae         Contract    of , Martin.  W.  Moore,  administrator  of  Martin 

Bay. 

Moore,  approved  in  full,  $840  00. 

Lexington  LEXINGTON  AND   FLINT  RIVER  STATE  ROAD. 

and  flint 

^^'^^^'  Contract  of  J.  lu  Woods,  approved  so  as  to  allow  payment  of 

$517  60. 

PoHliuron,  PORT  HURON,   BAY   CITY,   AND   LANSING   STATE   ROAD. 

Bar  City, 

nsng     The' contract  of  J.  L.  Woods  was  approved  in  full,  $750  00 

Alma  and  ALMA  AND  CLINTON  STATE   ROAD. 

Clinton. 

Contract  of  H.  M.  Johnson,  approved  so  as  to  allow  $1,600  00. 


Capacand  CAPAC   AND  CLYDE  EXTENSION  STATE   ROAD. 

Hyde  exten- 

*'^"*  Contract  of  John  Phelps,  No.  1,  approved  so  as  to  allow 

payment  of  $800  00. 

Account  of  A.  B.  Rawles,  Local  Commissioner,  allowed  at 
$225  15. 

White  Uice  WHITE   LAKE   AND    BIG    RAPIDS  STATE   ROAD, 

and  Bi|?     * 

*^P^^-  Contract  of  E.  P.  Clark,  No.  2,  approved  so  as  to  allow 

$3,840  00. 


•1 


STATE  SWAMP   LAND   BOARD.  149 

MONTCALM   AND  GRATIOT  STATE   ROAD.  MontoUm 

and  Ontlot. 

Contract  of  Charles  Merrill,  assignee  of  Jabez  Hawkins, 
approved,  $1,500  00.  ,  . 

BERLIN    AXD  (iKORGKTOWX    STATE   ROAD.  BerUnand 

JeorgtJtown. 

W?iereaSy  By  resolntion  of  this  Board,  adopted  January  22, 
1869,  the  Commissioner  of  the  Land  OflBee  was  instructed  to 
suspend  the  issuing  to  Ini  Y.  Buniham,  contractor,  the  cer- 
tificates for  land  reserved  on  his  contract  until  an  investiga- 
tion of  the  matter  should  be  made,  and  the  S.  L.  S.  R.  Com- 
missioner was  directed  to  personally  inspect  the  road  and  re- 
ix)rt  all  the  fiurts  connected  with  the  matter  to  this  Board,  and, 

Wliereas,  the  said  Commissioner  has  rei)orted  to  this  Board 
that  said  I.  Y.  Bnmham  has  now  i)erformed  his  contract  to 
the  satisfaction  of  said  Commissioner  (as  per  his  report  this 
(lay),  therefore, 

RcHolved,  That  said  contract  be  approved  by  this  Board,  and 
ordered  paid,  the  amount  due  thereon  being  $3,540  (JO. 

CASS   RIVER   AND    BAY    CITY    STATE    ROAD.  Cms  river 

•and  Bay  City 

Contract  of  Elias  Steele,  approved  so  as  to  alloiv  $900  00. 

PORT   HTROX,   BAY    CITY.    \XD   LANSING    STATE   ROAD.  Port  Hun»n. 

Bav  City, 

Contract  of  S.  H.   Avery  and  John  Hickey,  for  building  °°*^''^'*''^^ 
bridge  over  Black  river,  was  canceled  on  recommendation  of 
Commissioner  Curtis. 

TrSCX)LA    AXD   SAUINAW   BAY'   STATE   ROAD.  TuiooU  and 

SafrlnawBay 

Contract  of  Edmund  McCready  &  Geo.  Huckle  was  canc(.4ed 

on  the  recommendation  of  Commissioner  Curtis. 

» I* 

IONIA    AXD   HOI'OHTON    LAKE   STATE   ROAD.  lonUand 

Hoogbtoii 

Change  of  route  adopted,  as  |>er  diagram  this  day  filed  and 
approve<l. 


SAGINAW    AND   GRATIOT  STATE    ROAD.  ftajfinawaud 

Gratiot. 

Contnict  of  Wm.  F.  Olasby  extended   to  September  1, 1870. 


150  PROCBBDINOS  OF  THE 

:8t  Louis  ST.   LOUIS  AND   PINB  BIYER  6TATB  ROAD. 

•andPtae 

Bond  of  Frederick  D.  Weller,  as  Local  Oommissionery  with 
Luther  Smith  and  John  L.  Sinclair  as  sureties,  was  improved. 

lonU,  IONIA,   HOUGHTON  LAKE,  AND  MACKINAC  STATE  ROAD. 

Houghton 

TjAlrA   ami 

Mackinac.        Change  of  route  adopted,  as  per  map  and  field  notes  this  day 
approved  and  filed  in  State  Boad  Office. 

Sa^igatuck  SAUOATUCK   AND  OTEREISEL  STATE  ROAD, 

and  O^erei- 

***•  Bond  of  F.  B.  Wallin,  as  Local  Commissioner,  with  M.  B. 

Spencer  and  S.  A«  Morrison  as  sureties,  was  approved. 
Map  and  field  notes  this  day  filed  and  approved. 

AUe™,  ALLEGAN,  MUSKEGON,   AND  TRAVERSE   BAY  STATE   ROAD. 

Maskegtin, 

ene  Baj.         Change  of  route  adopted,  as  per  map  and  field  notes  this  day 
approved  and  filed  in  State  Road  Office^ 

Saginaw,  SAGINAW,  GRATIOT,   AND   NEWAYGO  STATE   ROAD. 

Gratiot,  and 

Newaygo. 

Map  and  field  notes  this  day  filed  and  approved. 

Port  Hope  1*0RT  HOPE   AND   WILD   FOWL  BAY  STATE  ROAD, 

and  Wild 

Map  and  field  notes  of  this  road,  commencing  in  the  village 
of  Port  Hope  and  terminating  on  the  west  line  of  T.  17  K., 
R.  11  E.,  was  approved. 

On  motion,  the  Board  adjounied. 


TWENTY-FOURTH  MEETING. 

Lannngy  July  27,  1871). 

On  this  day  fhc  Board  met  at  the  office  of  the  Secretary  of 
State. 
Present : 

Hon.  H.  P.  Baldwin,  Governor, 
Hon.  0.  L.  Spaulding,  Secretary  of  State, 
Hon.  E.  0.  Grosvenor,  State  Treasurer, 


STATE   SWAMP  LAND   BOABD.  151 

Hon.  Wm.  Hnmphrey,  Auditor  General, 

When  the  following  huainees  was  transacted,  to-wit : 

PORT  HOPE   AXD   WILD   FOWL    BAY   8TATK   ROAD.  SlTwuS* 

Fowl  Bay. 

Map  and  field  notes  thU  day  filed  and  approved. 

CASS   RIVER   AND   WILD   FOWL   BAY   STATE  ROAD.  ^^<»»J?*^ 

ttdWild 
Fowl  Bay. 

Change  of  ronte  adopted,  aa  shown  by  map  and  field  notes 
this  day  approved  and  filed  in  State  Boad  Office, 

DUNCAN,   ALPBXA.   AND   AU   SAUBLK  8TATE   ROAD.  Duaam.  Al- 

penaand  An 
Bauble. 

Contract  of  Obed  Hmith,  No.  3,  new  series,  was  approved  in 
folKlllOOO: 

Contract  of  Paulct  Cicero,  No.  2,  approved  in  full,  1400  00. 

Contract  of  Smith  &  Cicero,  No.  1,  was  approved  so  as  to 
ailow  payment  of  $2,250  00. 

Map  and  field  notes  this  day  filed  and  approved. 

GREENVILLE   AND   BIG   RAPIDS  BTATE   ROAD.  Gw^riUe 

and  Big 


Contract  of  J.  B.  Barr  approve<l  in  full,  1708  75. 


Rapids. 


LAPEER    AND   TL'SCOLA    STATE   ROAD.  Lapoer  aiwl 

Tuscola. 

Contract  of  Solomon  Stone,  No.  3,  apj)roved  so  as  to  allow 
11,840  00. 

HAUGATUCK   AND   OVEREISEL  BTATE   ROAD.  Sangatuck 

and  Overel- 
ael 

Acconut  of  W.  S.  GtH>rge  &  Co.,  for  printing,  allowed  at 
•6  30. 
On  motion,  the  Board  adjourned. 


152  PROCEEDINGS   OF  THE 

TWENTY-FIFTH  MEETING. 

# 

Ldnsifi^f,  Avgust  5,  1870, 

On  this  day  tlic  IJoard  met  at  tlic  oftice  of  the  Secretary  of 

»■  »■ 

State. 
Present: 

Hon.  H.  P.  Baldwin,  Governor, 
Hon.  E.  0.  Grosvenor,  State  Treasurer, 
Hon.  0.  K  Spaulding,  Secretary  of  State, 
Hon.  Wm.  Humphrey,  Auditor  General, 
When  the  following  business  wa^  transacted,  viz: 

Ontonagon  OXTONAGOK   AND   IIOXTREAL   RIVER    STATE    ROAD, 

and  Montre- 
al River. 

Contract  of  J.  A.  Crozier  &  Co.,  No.  1,  canceled  on  con- 
dition that  the  contractors,  their  assignees,  and  surt»ties,  i-elease 
to  the  State  all  claim  for  further  pay  from  the  State  for  work- 
done  or  for  materials  furnished,  or  on  hand,  and  that  they  shall 
turn  over  to  the  Upper  Peninsula  S.  L.  S.  R.  Commissioner  all 
materials  they  may  have  on  hand  intended  for  the  building  of 
the  bridges  under  said  contract. 

On  motion,  the  Hoard  adjourned. 


TWENTY-SIXTH  MEEl^ING. 

Lansingy  September  7, 1810, 

On  this  day  the  Board  of  Control  met  at  the  office  of  the 
Secretary  of  State,  when  the  following  business  was  transaotal, 
to-wit: 

Sa^aw,  SAGIXAW,   GRATIOT,    AND    XEWAYCtO   STATE   ROAD. 

Gratiot  and 

Newaygo.        (^ontra<3t  of  J.  F.  Lathrop,  assigned  to  H.  C.  Ripley,  approvtil 
so  as  to  allow  **^,400  00. 


STATE  SWAMP   LAND  BOAUD.  ISS"- 

SAGINAW    AND   ORATIOT   STATE   UOAD.  SaffUmwaDd 

Gratiot. 

Contract  of   Wm.    F.   Olasl)}*,    No.   1,    approved    in    fnll, 
♦3,125  00. 

EASTERN    DIVISION — SANILAC   AND    BAV    STATE   ROAD*  Kaaiom 

DlTlalon— 

Contract  of  E,  B.  Ward,  Xo.  7,  approved  so  as  to  allow  eSJ. 
»1,240  00. 

1*0RT   HOPE   AND    WILD    FOWL   BAY    STATE    ROAD.  Port  Hope 

and  Wild 

Account  of  AV.  S.  (ieorge  &  Co.,  for  ])rintlng,  allowed   at 
«:  00. 

WEST   DIVISION — ALMA    AND   (^LINTON   STATE   ROAD.  West  Divis- 

ion— 

Contract  of  II.  M.  Johnson^ from  west  line  of  Mecosta  county,  citatom*^ 
to  Greenville  and  Big  Rapids  State  road,  approved  so  as  to 
allow  »4,iri4  00. 

IONIA,   HOrOITTON    LAKE,   AND   MACKINAC   STATE    ROAD.         i^n^, 

llottghton 

('Ontract  of  R  llall,  Xo.  25,  approved  in  full,  il,G00  00.        ^fickSac. 

WHITE   LAKE  AND   BIG    RAPIDS  STATE  ROAD.  ,^,^.,  ^  , 

White  Lake 

and  Big 

Contract  of  E.  P.    Clark,  N©.  2,  approved  so  as   to  allow  ^'^p'^"* 
»0,400  00. 

DUNCAN,    ALPENA,    AND   Al*    SAUBLE   STATE    ROAD.  Duncan, 

Alpena  and 

Contra(»t  of  OIxhI  Smith,  No.  5,  approved  so  as  to  allow  ^"  ^****^** 
*2,000  00. 

Contract  of  Smith  &  Cicero,  No.  1,  approved  so  as  to  allow 
♦1,500  00. 

Account  of  E.   B.   Chamberlaiu,   as  Local   Commissioner, 
allowe<l  at  %C3  Of>. 

20 


154  PR0CBEDIN08  OF  THE 

Montnlm  VOKTCALM  AND  GRATIOT  STATE  BOAD. 

aod  QnUot. 

Contract   of  Jabez  Hawkins,  from  stake  Ko.  10  to  stake 
No.  15,  approved  in  full,  $1,875  Oa 
Contract  of  Robert  Wood,  No.  5,  approved  in  full,  $550  00. 

Danoan,  AJ.  DUNCAN,  ALPENA,  AND  AU  6AUBLE  8TATE  ROAD. 

peoft,  and  '  ' 

Aa  Sanble. 

Contract  of  Henry  Moore,  No.  6,  approved  so  as  to  allow 
$2,560  00. 

Mulsteo  MANISTEE  AND  LELAND  STATE  ROAD. 

AodLdaiid. 

Contract  of  Hulburd  &  Thurston,  No.  3,  approved  so  as  to 
allow  $3,800  00. 

Contract  of  J.  B.  Delbridge,  No.  5,  approved  so  as  to  allow 
$5,280  00. 

Contract  of  Hulburd  &  Thurston,  No.  3,  was  approved  in 
full,  $385  92. 

Contract  of  Delbridge  &  Crouse,  No.  1,  approved  in  full, 
$500  00. 

Account  of  B.  F.  Thurston,  as  Local  Commissioner,  was 
allowed  at  $257  00. 

CMftRlTW  CAS«    RIVER   AND  BAY   CITY   STATE   ROAD. 

AOd  Bay  City 

Contract  of  Russell  M.  Lapree,  No.  7,  approved  in  full, 
$1,600  00. 

Balance  of  au  acceptance  on  contract  of  Elias  Steele,  No.  5, 
new  series,  was  approved  in  full,  $18'}  50. 

Balance  of  an  acceptance  on  contract  of  Elias  Steele,  under 
act  86,  of  1869,  approved  in  full,  $87  50 

Balance  of  an  acceptance  on  contract  of  Elias  Steele,  No.  5, 
new  series,  approved  in  full,  $475  00. 

Balance  of  an  acceptance  on  contract  of  Elias  Steele,  from  the 
northwest  comer  of  Sec.  8,  T.  14  N.,  R.  10  E.,  to  the  fork  of 
Cass  river,  was  approved  in  full,  $87  50. 

Contract  of  Elias  Steele,  from  the  fork  of  Cass  river  to  Bay 
City,  an  estimate,  approved  at  $1,850  00. 


8TATK  6WAMP   LAKD  BOARD.  155 

EAST  8A0IXAW   AND   BAUBLE    RIVER   STATE   ROAD.  East  Sad- 

nawaod 
Sanblc 

Contract  of  W.  8.  Patrick,  for  the  50th  mile,  assigued  to  «*▼«■• 
Moore,  Foote  &  Co^  was  approved  so  as  to  allow  payment  of 
♦4*57  00,  if  the  assignee  accept  it  as  full  payment. 

KORTHERy   DIVIBIOX — SAXILAC   AND   HIRON   STATE    ROAD.    Northern 

Dhrision— 
Sanilac  ani 

Contract  of  R  &  J.  Erskine,  No.  2,  on  the  recommenda- """>"• 
tion  of  Commissioner  Curtis,  and  by  consent  of  sureties,  was 
ext4?nded  to  November  15, 1870. 

MANISTEE   AND   LELAND  STATE  ROAD.  Manlateo 

and  Leiand. 

Contract  of  Hulburd  &  Thurston,  route  having  been 
changed,  and  north  one-half  of  mile  5,  and  all  of  miles  6,  7, 
8,  9.  10. 11, 12, 13,  and  south  one-half  of  mile  14,  included  in 
said  contract,  having  been  abandoned, 

Ordered,  That  said  portion  of  said  contract  be  and  the  same 
is  hereby  canceled. 

WTJ^TTEBN   DIVISION— ALMA    AND  CLINTON   STATE   ROAD.        Woetmi  Dl- 

▼iaion — 
Alma  and 

Bond  of  J.  M.  Cook,  as  Local  Commissioner,  with  C.  Hewitt  ^^^n^n. 
and  H.  M.  Johnson  as  sureties,  filed  and  approved. 

ML*RKEC*ON    AND   CEDAR   SPRINGS   STATE   ROAI».  Muskegon 

and  Cedar 

Springs. 

Bond  of  J.  H.  Hanchet,  as  Local  Commissioner,  mth  G.  B. 
Slocimi  and  E.  T.  Slocum  as  sureties,  filed  and  approved. 

NORTHERN   DIVISION — SANILAC  AND  HURON  STATE   ROAD.     pf^J^ 

Hanllac  and 

Bond  of  Geo.  S.  Kene,  as  Local  Commissioner,  with  Geo.  H.  ''^"^"• 
Van  Hort  and  Geo.  H.  Gregory  as  sureties,  filed  and  approved. 

L'ANSE   and  state  line  state   road.  L'Anwand 

SUte  Line. 

Bond  of  Thomas  W.  Edwards,  Local  Commissioner,  with 
John  Q.  McKernon  and  J.  A.  Hubbell  as  sureties,  filed  and 
approved. 


15G  PROCEEDINGS   OF  THE 

Ontonaifou  OXTOXAGOX   AND   MONTREAL   RIVER  STATE   ROAD. 

and  Montrc-  ^ 

al  rivor. 

J.  A.  Crozier  &  Co.,  contractors,  and  W.  T).  Williams,  Henry 
Allen,  and  Samuel  Bassett  as  sureties,  parties  in  interest  adver- 
sely to  the  State  in  contract  No.  1,  having  filed  the  release  i-e- 
quired  by  the  Boaixi  at  their  meeting  of  August  5,  1870* 
are  hereby  released  from  further  liability  to  the  State  under 
said  contract,  which  (said  release  l)eing  attiiched  to  said  cuii- 
tract)  is  hereby  made  void. 

Mlnoiiil  MINERAL    RANGE   STATE   ROAD. 

Contract  of  Richards  &  Perry,  No.  4,  from  the  27th  to  the 
28th  mile  post,  approved,  $1,550  00. 

Contract  of  Richards  &  Perrv,  No.  4,  from  the  28th  to  29th 
mile  post,  approved,  $1,550  00. 

On  motion,  the  Board  adjourned. 


taventy-se\:enth  meetincj. 

Ldnsiftg,  October  t^,  1S70. 

On  this  day  the  Board  of  ('ontrol  met  at  the  office  of  the 
Secretary  of  State. 
Present : 

Hon.  II.  P.  Baldwin,  Governor, 

Hon.  E.  0.  Qrosvenor,  State  Treasurer,  " 

Hon.  Wm.  Humphrey,  Auditor  General, 
Hon.  B.  D.  Pritchard,  Com'r  State  Land  Office, 
When  the  following  business  was  transacted,  viz : 

Mnnihtee,       MAXISTKE,  UOl'GHTOX  LAKE,  AXD  TRAVERSE  BAY  STATE  ROAD. 

lloufirbton 

I^ake  and 

TrmvcrscBoy  Contract  of  J.  G.  Owen  extended  to  September  1,  1871,  on 
(ionditiou  that  he  file  the  consent  of  sureties,  and  that  bv  the 
first  day  of  June,  1871,  he  shall  put  on  a  force  which  shall  be 


STATE  SWAMP  LAND   BOARD.  157 

approved  by  the  S.  L.  S.   R.  Commissioner,  and  complete  the 
same  by  September  1st. 

OVID   AND  ST.  CIIAKLES   STATE   KOAD.  OvkiandSit. 

Charlcft. 

Contract  of  N.  Peacock  extended  to  December  1,  1870,  on 
the  usual  conditions. 

SANILAC   AND   HURON   STATE    ROAD.  SanlliMrand 

Uaron. 

( 'Ontract  of  Gi-een  Pack,  extended  to  December  1,  1870. 

HURON   CITY    AND   BAD   AX    STATE   ROAD.  Uuron  City 

and  Bad  Ax. 

Contract  of  H.  B.  Hulburd  &  Co.  extended  to  December  1, 
1870. 

WESTERN   DIVISION — ALMA   AND  CLINTON   STATE   ROAD.         ?*"**^">  ^*- 

vialoii — 

Ahnaand 

Route  changed,  as  per  map  and  field  notes  this  day  filed  and^""*®"* 
approved. 

EAST  SAGINAW    AND  SAUBLE   RIVER  STATE   ROAD.  East  Sajri- 

oaw  and 
Saabl« 

Bond  of  B.  F.  Smith,  as  Ijocal  Commissioner,  with  Geo.  D.^iver. 
Smith  and  C.  W.  Nichols  as  sureties,  filed  and  approved. 

MIDLAND,  HOUGHTON    LAKE,  AND  TRAVERSE  BAY  STATE  R0AD.}}«»»nf 

'  Hongbton 

Lake  and 

Bond  of  AVm.  Noble,  as  Local  Commissioner,  with  JohnJ;^?^^'^ 
Larkin  and  E.  P.  Jennings  as  sureties,  filed  and  approved. 

PORT  HURON,  BAY   CITY,   AND   LANSING   STATE    ROAD.  PortHnron, 

BavCity 
and  Lanehi^ 

Contract  of  Dju'ling  &  Murphy,  No.  16,  contractors  having 
fully  complied  with  the  conditions  made  by  the  Board  at  their 
meeting  held  Nov.  24,  1869,  the  same  is  hereby  approved  in 
full,  *560  00. 

HOUGHTON   AND   L'ANSE   BAY   STATE  ROAD.  Houtthton 

and  L'AnM 
Bay. 

Map  and  field  notes  this  day  filed  and  approved. 


158  PR0CBSDIK08  OP  THB 

White  Bock  WHITE  ROOK  AND  BIKOHAM  BTATB   ROAD. 

ABdBiair- 

Bond  of  Bobert  Campbell,  as  Local  Commissionery  with  B. 
Munford  and  Thomas  Thompson  as  soceties,  filed  and  up- 
prove<l. 

MIdknd,       MIDLAND,  HOUGHTON  LAKE,  AND  TRAVERSE  BAY  STATE  R0AJ>* 

Houghton 

LAke,mnd 

^▼ene  Contract  of  Theodore  Bathy,  approved  so  as  to  allow 
$1,920  00  in  general  scrip,  and  $1,685  35  in  Midland 
county  scrip. 

uSofuS*  ^'^   RAPIDS  AND  GRAND   RAPIDS  STATE  ROAD. 

Baplds. 

Contract   of   Geo.    French,    approved  in  i\ill,  balancv   of 
$2,000  00. 
On  motion,  the  Board  adjourned. 


TWENTY-EIGHTH  MEETING. 

Lansing^  October  25y  1870. 

On  this  day  the  Board  met  at  the  office  of  the  Secretary  of 
State. 

On  motion, 

Hon.  B.  D.  Pritchard  was  chosen  Chairman  pro  tern.,  when 
the  following  business  was  transacted,  viz: 

DuncM,  DUNCAN,  ALPENA,   AND   AU   BAUBLE  STATE   ROAD. 

An  Bftttbla. 

Contract  of  Obed  Smith,  No.  5,  acceptance  from  mile  post 
131,  to  mile  post  133,  was  approved. 

Contract  of  Obed  Smith,  No.  4,  acceptance  approved  so  as 
to  allow  payment  at  $2,560  00. 

Contract  of  Henry  R.  Morse,  No.  6,  acceptance  approved  so 
as  to  allow  payment  at  $2,560  00. 


STATE  SWAVP  LAND  BOARD.  159 

Acooant  of  £.  B.  Chamberlain,  Local  Commissioner,  was 
allowed  at  151  00. 

BXTBKSIOK  OP  THB  ABOVB  ROAD.  KxtaiMloa 

of  th«ftbOT0 

Contract  of  A.  B.  Littlefield,  No.  6,  from  the  8th  to  the  9th 
mile  station,  approvecL 

Contract  of  A.  R.  Littlefield,  No.  4,  acceptance  approved  so 
as  to  allow  payment  at  1,111  00. 

Contract  of  John  McDonald,  No.  7,  approved  so  as  to  allow 
payment  of  I4S7  00. 

Contract  of  F.  8.  Abbot,  No.  10,  approved  so  as  ^to.  allow 
payment  of  $1,200  00. 

Contract  of  Robert  Robinson,  No.  5,  approved  so  as  to  allow 
payment  of  $1,042  00. 

MANISTEE  AND  LELA'ND  STATE  ROAD.  IfwiAtM' 

aadliekuid. 

Contract  of  M.  D.  Todd,  No.  5,  acceptance  approved  so  as  to 
allow  payment  at  $3,600  00. 

Contract  of  M.  E.  Thurston,  assigned  to  Leach  &  Bates,  No^ 
6,  acceptance  approved  so  as  to  allow  payment  at  $2,400  00. 

Contract  of  J.  B.  Delbridge,  No.  5,  acceptance  approved  so 
as  to  allow  payment  at  $2,400  00. 

WHITE  LAKE  AND  BIG  RAPIDS  STATE  ROAD.  WhltoLU© 

and  Biff 
Rapids. 

J.  M.  Cook,  Local  Commissioner,  account  allowed  at 
$15G  00. 

Contraot  of  E.  P.  Clark,  No.  2,  acceptance  approved  so  as  to 
allow  payment  at  $3,840  00. 

OYID   AND  ST.  CHARLES  STATE  ROAD.  OrldandSt 

Qurlft. 

Contract  of  N.  Peacock,  No.  1,  two  miles,  from  quarter  stake 
on  west  side  of  section  31,  T.  9  N.,  R.  1  W.,  acceptance  ap- 
proved so  as  to  allow  payment  at  $500  00. 

Contract  of  N.  Peacock,  No.  1,  in  T.  10  N.,  of  R.  1  W.^ 
acceptance  approved  so  as  to  allow  payment  at  $500  00. 


160  PROCEEDINGS   OF  THE 

Ionia,  IONIA,     HOUGHTON   LAKE,   AND   MACKINAC  STATE   ROAD. 

Houghton 
Lake  and 

Mackinac.        Contract  of  E.  Hall  &  E.  L.  Gray,  Xo.  22,  acceptance  ap- 
proved in  full. 

Contract  of  E.  Hall,  Xo.  23,  acceptance  approved  in  full. 

Weatorn  WESTERN   DIVISION — ALMA    AND  CLINTON  STATE  ROAD. 

Dirlaiou — 
Alma  and 

Clinton.  Contract  of  H.  M.  Johnson,  No.  3,  acceptance  approved  in 

fuU, 

Contract  of  E.  Hall,  No.  2,  acceptance  api)roved  so  as  to 
allow  $3,510  93. 

Ca»8  river  CASS   RIVER  AND   BAY   CITY   STATE   ROAD. 

and  Bay 

•Citj*. 

Contract  of  C.  G.  Learned,  No.  6,  assignee  of  Archibald 
Kack^  approved  in  full. 

Contract  of  Elias  Steele  approved  so  as  to  allow  payment  of 
balance  due  on  previous  acceptance,  $125  00. 

Contract  of  Elias  Steele,  from  the  N.  W.  corner  of  Sec  8. 
T,  14  N,,  of  R  10  E.,  to  the  forks  of  Cass  River,  acceptance 
approved  so  as  to  allow  $087  50. 

•Ontonagon  ONTONAGON  AND  MONTREAL  RIVER  STATE   ROAD. 

and  Mon< 
treri  Bivcr. 

Account  of  Thos.  J.  Lasier,  for  printing,  allowetl  at  $32  40. 

Cottonwood  COTTONWOOD  SWAMP  STATE   ROAD. 

Swamp. 

Contract  of  H.  &  G.  W.  Thayer,  No.  7,  acceptance  approved 
so  as  to  allow  payment  at  $640  00. 

Newaygo  NEWAYGO   AND   NORTHPORT  STATE   ROAD. 

and  North- 

sort 

Contract  of  Leach  &  Bates,  assignees  of  Henry  Clark,  dated 
September  3,  1869,  acceptance  approved  so  as  to  allow  payment 
in  full,  $320  00. 

Contract  of  Leach  &  Bates,  assignees  of  Henry  Clark,  dated 
September  30, 1869,  acceptance  approved  so  as  to  allow  pay- 
ment in  full,  $160  00. 


STATE  SWAMP  LAND   BOARD.  161 

SAGINAW,  GRATIOT,  AND  NEWAYGO  STATE  ROAD.  gr<^7»  ^ 

'  '  Gratiot  and 

Newaygo. 

Contract  of  H.  C.  Ripley,  No.  11,  assignee  of  J.  P.  Lathrop, 
acceptance  approved  so  as  to  allow  payment  of  balance, 
$600  00. 

Contract  of  H.  C.  Ripley,  assignee  of  J.  F.  Lathrop,  Sec.  No. 
14,  acceptance  approved  so  as  to  allow  payment  of  balance, 
$300  00. 

MUSKEGON   AND  CEDAR  SPRINGS   STATE  ROAD.  Md*c2[« 

Springe. 

Contract  of  S.  C.  Hall,  No.  3,  extended  to  Nov.  1, 1871. 

WESTERN    DIVISION — ALMA  AND   CLINTON  STATE  ROAD.        S*2*1^ 

DiVlBiOIl^ 

Alma  and 

Contract  of  John  W.  Van  Riper  &  George  L.  Hitchcock,  No.^**"^°- 
1,  extended  to  December  1, 1870. 
Contract  of  E.  Hall,  No.  2,  extended  to  December  1,  1870. 

GREENVILLE  AND   BLOOMER  STATE  ROAD.  GreenTllte 

and  Blo<nner 

Contract  of  Benjamin  Hall,  No.  1,  extended  to  December 
1,1870. 

CASS  RIVER  AND  BAY   C^TY  STATE  ROAD.  CawRlrer 

and  Bar 

cnty. 
Contract  of  Elias  Steele,  No.  5,  new  series,  extended  to 

December  1,  1870. 

IONIA,   HOUGHTON   LAKE,   AND   MACKINAC  STATE  ROAD.        Ionia, 

HooghtoD 
Lake  and 

Contract  of  E.  Hall,  No.  23,  extended  to  December  1, 1870.  mkUmo. 


T 


EAST  SAGINAW   AND  8ADBLE  RIVER  STATE   ROAD.  EaatSi 

nawanc 
Sauble  Rirer 

Change  of  route  in  the  village  of  Wenona,  as  shown  by  map 


this  day  filed  in  the  S.  L.  S.  R  OflBce,  approved. 


MIDLAND,  HOUGHTON  LAKE,  AND  TRAVERSE  BAY  STATE  ROAD.  Midland, 

Uoaghton 
Lake and 

Contract  of  Theodore  Bathy,  No.  4,  extended  to  Nov.  1,  Traverse 
1871,  his  sureties  having  assented  in  writing  thereto,  npon  the 

21 


162 


PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE 


Maskeffon 
andCeaar 

Sprtngs. 


Green  yQIc 
end  Big 
Rapids. 


condition  that  the  contractor  keep  such  reasonable  force  em- 
ployed npon  the  work  at  all  proper  times  as  the  S.  L.  S.  R 
Commissioner  shall  require,  or  the  Board  of  Control  shall 
direct 

MUSKEGON   AND  CEDAR  SPRINGS  STATE  ROAD. 

Contract  of  Wm.  &  H.  S.  Wartrous,  No.  2,  balance  of  work 
all  approved  at  $928  99. 

GREENVILLE  AND  BIG   RAPIDS  STATE  ROAD. 

Contract  No.  14,  of  J.  B.  Barr,  contractor,  balance  of  work 
all  approved  at  $3,119  36. 
On  motion,  the  Board  adjourned. 


Ontonagon 
»nd  Montre* 
•1  River 


TWENTY-NINTH  MEETING. 

Lansing,  November  30, 1870. 

The  Board  of  Control  met  at  the  office  of  the  Secretary  of 
State. 
Present : 

Hon.  H.  P.  Baldwin,  Governor, 
Hon.  0.  L.  Spaulding,  Secretary  of  State. 
Hon.  E.  0.  Grosvenor,  State  Treasurer, 
Hon.  Wm.  Humphrey,  Auditor  General, 
Hon.  B.  D.  Pritchard,  Com'r  State  Land  Office, 
Hon.  Dwight  May,  Attorney  General, 
The  following  business  was  transacted,  viz : 

ONTONAGON  AND  MONTREAL  RIVER  STATE  ROAD. 

The  further  sum  of  one  hundred  dollars  in  swamp  land  in 
the  Upper  Peninsula,  was  allowed  to  Albert  Bandolph  for 
making  map  of  road,  it  appearing  from  additional  facts  pre- 


STATE  SWAMP  LAND  BOARD.  163 

gented  to  the  Board,  that  he  is  justly  entitled  to  the  additional 
compensation. 

WESTERN  DIVISION — MIDLAND,  HOUGHTON  LAKE,  AND  TRAV-  W®***™ 

ERSE  BAY  STATE  ROAD.  w*^^. 

Houghton 

Lak«and 

On  the  recommendation  of  Commissioner  Curtis,  the  route  '^y,^^ 
was  changed  so  as  to  correspond  with  the  blue  line  as  indica- 
ted on  the  map  of  the  road  on  file  in  the  Commissioner's  office. 

L'ANSE  bay  and  state  LINE  STATE  ROAD.  L'AMeBaf 

and  State 
line. 

The  acceptance  of  the  contract  of  John  Hoar  &  Eichard  M. 
Hoar,  from  the  village  of  Houghton  to  the  four  mile  stake, 
being  four  miles,  was  approved. 

EXTENSION  OF  WISCONSIN   AND  LAKE  SUPERIOR  STATE  ROAD.Extenalonof 

Wisconsin 
and  Lake 

The  acceptance  of  the  contract  of  T.  T.  Horley,  No.  1,  wass^p^^®""- 
approved. 

WISCONSIN   AND   LAKE  SUPERIOR  STATE  ROAD.  Wtaoonsln 

and  Lake 
Superior. 

The  acceptance  of  the  contract  of  Ludington,  Wells  &  Co., 
Spaulding  &  Porter,  and  Kirby,  Carpenter  &  Co.,  No.  1,  from 
the  twentieth  mile  post  to  the  thirtieth  mile  post,  being  ten 
mUes,  was  approved. 

AUTHORITY  OF  U.  P.  S.  L.  8.  R.  COMMISSIONER  TO  EMPLOY  CLERK  b?1l  sYr 

REVOKED.  ^^^ 

On  motion, 

Resolvedy  That  the  authority  of  the  S.  L.  S.  R.  Com- 
missioner for  the  Upper  Peninsula,  to  employ  a  clerk,  is 
hereby  revoked,  the  revocation  to  take  effect  on  the  first  day  of 
January,  1871. 

SANILAC  AND  BAY  STATE  ROAD.  SanUaoand 

Baj. 

The  contract  of  E.  B.  Ward,  No.  7,  was  approved  so  as  to 
allow  payment  of  balance  due,  $25  00 ; 
Also, 


164  PB0CEEDING8  OF  THE 

The  contract  of  E.  B.  Ward,  No.  8,  was  approved  so  as  to 
allow  payment  of  balance  due,  $448  00. 

The  contract  of  E.  B.  Ward,  No.  7,  for  Sec.  16,  was  approved 
so  as  to  allow  payment  of  balance  due,  $194  G5 ; 

Also, 

The  contract  of  E.  B.  Ward,  No.  7,  from  post  No.  4,  Sec.  17, 
to  post  No.  4,  Sec.  18,  one  mile,  approved  so  as  to  allow  pay- 
ment of  balance  due,  $155  65. 

Eutem  EASTERN   DIVISION — SANILAC   AND   BAY  STATE  ROAD. 

DIviston— 

Sanilac  and 

Bay. 

The  contract  of  E.  B.  Ward,  No.  7,  from  section  12  to  13, 
being  two  miles,  was  approved  so  as  to  allow  payment  of 
balance  due,  $50  00 ; 

Also, 

The  contract  of  E.  B.  Ward,  No.  7,  for  sections  14  and  15, 
approved  so  as  to  allow  payment  of  balance  due,  $311  30 ; 

Also, 

The  contract  of  E.  B.  Ward,  No.  7,  from  post  No.  4,  Sec.  16, 
to  post  No.  4,  Sec.  17,  one  mile,  approved  so  as  to  allow  pay-   , 
ment  of  balance  due,  $155  65. 

Montoalm  MONTCALM  AND  GRATIOT  STATE  ROAD, 

and  Gratiot 

The  contract  of  Micajah  Douglas,  from  Sec.  stake  No.  10  to 
Sec.  stake  No.  11,  one  mile,  approved  so  as  to  allow  payment 
of  balance  due,  $350  00 ; 

Also, 

The  contract  of  Jabez  Hawkins,  No.  1,  from  stake  No.  10 
to  stake  No.  15,  five  miles,  approved  so  as  to  allow  payment  of 
balance  due,  $700  00 ; 

Also, 

The  contract  of  Charles  Merril,  assignee  of  Jabez  Hawkins, 
for  one  mile  next  north  of  the  one  built  by  M.  Douglas, 
approved  so  as  to  allow  payment  of  balance  due,  $375  00. 


STATE  8WAMP  LAND   BOABD.  165 

ANTRIM   DITCH.  Wtoh!"* 

The  contract  of  James  Spriggs,  No.  1,  for  100  rods  westerly 
from  the  cast  line  of  Sec.  2,  T.  5  N.,  of  R.  3  E.,  approved  so  as 
to  allow  payment  of  1100  00 ; 

Also, 

The  contract  of  H.  B.  Young,  Ko.  2,  for  one  mile  and  255 
rods  southerly  from  the  west  end  of  the  contract  of  James 
Spriggs,  approved  in  full,  $1,389  44 ; 

Also, 

The  contract  of  H.  B.  Young,  No.  3,  approved  in  full, 
$430  5C. 

*  EAST  SAOIKAW   AND  SAUBLE  STATE  ROAD.  Enst  SmtI. 

nawand 
Sanble. 

The  contract  of  James  F.  Hotchkiss,  No.  2,  Sec.  4,  approved 
60  as  to  allow  payment  of  $695  00 ; 

Also, 

The  contract  of  James  F.  Hotchkiss,  No.  2,  Sec.  3,  approved 
80  as  to  allow  payment  of  balance  due,  $625  00 ; 

Also, 

The  contract  of  James  F.  Hotchkiss,  No.  2,  Sec.  1,  approved 
so  as  to  allow  payment  of  balance  due,  $750  00  ; 

Also, 

The  contract  of  James  F.  Hotchkiss,  No.  2,  Sec.  2,  approved 
60  as  to  allow  payment  of  balance  due,  $750  00; 

ALLEGAN,    MUSKEGON,  AND  TRAVERSE  BAY  STATE  ROAD.       An««u», 

MoskegoD, 

The  contract  of  Delbridge  &  Welch,  No.  4,  from  Sec.  13  toS£.B^'* 
Sec  23,  ten  miles,  approved  so  as  to  allow  payment  of  $576  00 ; 

Also, 

Tlie  contract  of  Delbridge  &  Welch,  No.  4,  Sees.  25,  26,  27, 
28,  30  and  2-5,  being  5  and  2-5  miles,  approved  so  as  to  allow 
payment  of  $3,888  00 ; 

Also, 

The  contract  of  Delbridge  &  Welch,  No.  5,  approved  so  as  to 
allow  payment  of  $720  00. 


166  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE 

M«»*»*«l.  MANISTEE  AND  LELAND  STATE   ROAD. 

The  contract  of  Delbridge  &  Welch,  No.  2,  approved  so  as 
to  allow  payment  of  balance  due,  $840  00 ; 

Also, 

The  contract  of  B.  Delbridge,  No.  4,  from  mile  stake  No. 
28  to  center  of  mile  31 ;  also,  from  center  of  mile  37,  to  center 
of  mile  40,  approved  so  as  to  allow  payment  of  balance  due, 
«840  00. 

South  SOUTH  DIVISION  SAME  ROAD. 

DlTlslon — 

Sam«road. 

The  contract  of  J.  B.  Delbridge,  No.  4,  south  i  of  mile  31, 
and  miles  32  and  33,  approved  so  as  to  allow  payment  of  bal- 
ance due,  $600  00. 


Port  Huron,  PORT  HURON,  BAY  CITY,   AND  LANSING   STATE   ROAD, 

ana  Lansing. 

The  account  of  J.  0.  Waterbury,  Local  Commissioner,  wae 
allowed  at  $81  00. 


West  Dirls-        WESTERN   DIVISION — ALMA   AND  CLINTON  STATE  ROAD, 
ion — 
Alma  and 

Clinton.  The  contract  of  M.  Johnson,  No.  3,  from  the  30th  to  the 

32d  mile  post,  approved  so  as  to  allow  payment  of  balance 
due,  $482  10 ; 

Also, 

The  contract  of  H.  M.  Johnson,  No.  3,  the  25^,  26i,  27i, 
2Si,  and  29^  miles,  approved  so  as  to  allow  payment  of  balance 
due,  $1,041  25 ; 

Also, 

The  contract  of  H.  M.  Johnson,  from  the  19th  mile  post  to 
the  2H  Diile  post,  and  from  the  34 J  mile  post  to  the  35th  mile 
post,  approved  so  as  to  allow  payment  in  full,  $3,123  15. 

Soothern       SOUTHERN  DIVISION— IONIA,  HOUGHTON  LAKE,  AND  MACKINAC 
Dirislon— 

^^\,  STATE  ROAD. 

Houghton 

Lake  and 

Mackinac.        The  coutruct  of  H.  M.  Johnson,  No.  1,  from  the  8th  to  the 
11th  mile  post,  from  the  14th  to  the  16th  mile  post,  and  from 


STATE  SWAMP  LAND  BOABD.  167 

the  18th  to  the  19th  mile  post,  approved  so  as  to  allow  pay- 
ment of  balance  due,  $750  00; 

Also, 

The  contract  of  H.  M.  Johnson,  No.  1,  from  the  6th  to  the 
8th  mile  post,  from  the  11th  to  the  14th,  fix)m  the  15th  to  the 
17th,  and  from  the  19th  to  the  21st  mile  post,  approved  so  as 
to  allow  payment  of  balance  due,  $50  00. 

WISCONSIK  AND  LAKE  SUPERIOR  STATE  ROAD.  Wtaoouln 

andLaktt 
-_  ^  o  Superior. 

The  contract  of  Kirby,  Carpenter  &  Co.,  and  others, 
approved  August  26,  1868,  on  the  recommendation  of  the 
S.  L.  S.  R.  Commissioner  for  the  Upper  Peninsula,  extended  to 
December  1,  1871,  on  condition  that  the  sureties  file  written 
assent  thereto. 

ALMA   AND  CLINTON  STATE  ROAD.  Aim*  and 

Clinton. 

The  bond  of  Albert  Fox,  as  Local  Commissioner  of  the 
western  division,  with  Wm.  N.  Harris  and  Seth.  F.  Worden  as 
sureties,  was  approved. 

EAST  SAGINAW  AND  SAUBLE  STATE   ROAD.  East  Sa«i- 

nawand 

The  contract  of  H.  W.  Sage,  assignee  of  Charles  F.  Day,  River, 
approved  so  as  to  allow  payment  of  $20,000  00. 

CASS   RIVER  AND   BAY  CITY  STATE   ROAD.  Caasrirer 

and  Baf 

Cltv. 

The  contract  of  R.  M.  Lapree,  No.  7,  approved  in  full. 

CASS   RIVER  AND   WILD   FOWL  BAY  STATE   ROAD.  SdNnSd" 

Fowl  Bay. 

The  contract  of  A  C.  Maxwell,  No.  1,  approved  so  as  to 
allow  $1,870  00. 

IONIA,  HOUGHTON   LAKE,   AND  MACKINAC  STATE   ROAD.        Ionia, 

Houghton 

The  Contract  of  Edmund  Hall,  No.  23,  from  stakes  36  and  Mackinac 
37,  to  stakes  40  and  41,  four  miles,  approved  so  as  to  allow 
payment  of  balance  due,  $38  49; 


168  PROCBEDIKOS  OF  THE 

Also, 

The  contract  of  Edmund  Hall,  No.  23,  from  stakes  28  and 
29,  to  31  and  32,  approved  in  full,  *4,153  83. 

^J^°*  COTTONWOOD  SWAMP  STATE   BOAD. 

fiwftmp. 

The  contract  of  Henry  and  George  W.  Thayer,  No.  8, 
approved  so  as  to  allow  payment  of  $680  00. 

TuapoUMd  TUSCOLA   AKD    8AQIKAW   BAY   STATE   ROAD. 

The  contract  of  Charles  G.  Learned,  assignee  of  Archibald 
Black,  from  mile  stake  No.  22^  to  23^,  one  mile,  approved  so 
as  to  allow  payment  of  $1,280  00. 

Jonta,  IONIA,  HOUGHTON    LAKE,   AND  MACKINAC   STATE  BOAD. 

Houghton 

Lake  and 

Maokin»c.|       The  accouut  of  Wm.  Broomfield,  Local  Commissioner,  was 
allowed  at  $159  00. 

Manistee  MANISTEE   AND  LELAND  STATE   BOAD. 

and  Leland. 

The  contract  of  D.  C.  Leach,  assignee  of  Myron  E.  Thurs- 
ton, No.  6,  approved  so  as  to  allow  $4,000  00. 


Casarirer  CASS  BIVEB  AND  BAY   CITY   STATE   BOAD. 

And  Baj  City 

The  contract  of  Elias  Steele,  from  the  N.  W.  corner  of  Sec. 
9,  T.  14  N.,  R.  11  E.,  east  and  south  2^^  miles,  approved  so  as 
to  allow  $1,231  87. 

Extension  of  EXTENSION  OF  DUNCAN,  ALPENA,   AND  SAUBLE   BIVEB  STATE 

Duncan  Al- 

pena.aod  BOAD. 

Saable  rirer. 

The  contract  of  Wm.  McPhee  &  Thomas  Sherritt,  No.  11, 
one  mile,  approved  in  full,  $680  00. 

Brid^eton:  BBIDGETON  AND  OSCEOLA   STATE  BOAD. 

and  Oeoeola. 

The  contract  of  E.  L.  Gray,  approved  in  full,  $6,750  00. 


STATE  SWAMP  LAND   BOARD.  169 


DUNCAX,   ALPENA,  AND  BAUBLE   RIVER  STATE  ROAD.  Dnncan,  Al- 

pena and 
SAobie  liver. 

The  contract  of  Smith  &  Cicero,  No.  1,  from  mile  post  107 
to  mile  post  109,  approved'  so  as  to  allow  payment  of  balance 
due,  $375  00 ; 

Also, 

The  contract  of  Smith  &  Cicero,  Xo.  1,  from  mile  posts  113 
to  114,  approved  in  full : 

Also, 

The  contract  of  Smith  &  Cicero,  No.  1,  new  series,  from  mile 
post  No.  102  to  105,  approved  so  as  to  allow  payment  of  bal- 
ance due,  $562  50 ; 

Also, 

The  contract  of  Obed  Smith,  No.  5,  from  mile  post  No.  131 
to  133,  approved  so  as  to  allow  payment  of  balance  due, 
$500  00; 

Also, 

The  contract  of  Obed  Smith,  No.  5,  from  post  No.  129  to  131, 
approved  so  as  to  allow  payment  of  balance  due,  $500  00. 

WESTERN   DIVISION — ALMA   AND  CLINTON  STATE   ROAD.        Western  Di- 
vision— 

The  contract  of  Edmund  Hall,  approved  November  14,cunton. 
1868,  was,  on  the  recommendation  of  Commissioner  Curtis, 
extended  to  November  1,  1871,  the  sureties  having  filed  writ- 
ten assent  thereto ; 

Also, 

The  contract  of  John  W.  Van  Kijier  and  George  L.  Hitch- 
cock, on  the  recommendation  of  Commissioner  Curtis,  was 
extended  to  November  1,  1871,  the  sureties  having  filed  writ- 
ten assent  thereto. 

NORTHERN   DIVISION — SANILAC  AND  HURON  STATE  ROAD.     Norttem 

Divisloo— 
Sanllftc  and 

The  contract  of  E.  &  J.  Erskine,  on  the  recommendation  of  Huron. 
Commissioner  Curtis,  was  extended  to  the  Ist  day  of  Septem- 
ber, 1871,  upon  the  conditions  endorsed  upon  the  back  of  said 
contract,  the  sureties  having  filed  written  assent  thereto. 

22 


170  PROCEEDINGS  OP  THE 

^gJJ]^"»«*  LAPEER  AND  TUSCOLA  STATE  ROAD. 

The  contract  of  Solomon  Stone,  No.  3,  on  the  recom- 
mendation of  Commissioner  Curtis,  was .  extended  to  Sep- 
tember 1, 1871,  ui)on  condition  that  the  sureties  file  written 
assent  thereto. 

^i>^*T!l'L  CASS   RIVER  AND   BAY   CITY   STATE   ROAD, 

and  Bay  City 

The  contract  of  James  P.  Demorest,  assigned  to  John  Covey, 
on  the  recommendation  of  Commissioner  Curtis,  was  extended 
to  October  I,  1871,  upon  condition  that  the  sureties  file  writ- 
ten assent  thereto,  and  that  the  assignee  may  at  any  time  be 
required  to  put  on  a  reasonable  force  to  complete  the  job. 

Eiploy Ditch  THE   RIPLEY  DITCH. 

The  contract  of  Charles  Decker,  No.  3,  on  the  recommen- 
dation of  Commissioner  Curtis,  was  extended  to  November  1, 
1871,  the  sureties  having  filed  written  assent  thereto. 

In  the  matter  of  George  N.  Fletcher,  the  following  resolu- 
tion was  adopted,  viz : 

Resolved,  That  the  Attornev  General  be  instructed  and  re- 
quired  to  commence  legal  proceedings  against  the  said  George 
N.  Fletcher,  for  trespasses  committed  by  him  on  swamp  land 
belonging  to  the  State. 

Third  Dl-      THIRD    DIVISION — ALLEGAN,   MUSKEGON    AND  TRAVERSE   BAY 
Tlsion — 

AUwn,  .    STATE   ROAD. 

Muskegon, 

ondTraT- 

«rseBay  rfj^^  application  of  Luthcr  H.  Foster,  Local  Commissioner, 

to  have  the  contract  of  P.  M.  Donaher,  No.  2,  canceled, 
together  with  a  letter  from  B.  L.  Filer  to  Gov.  Baldwin,  recom- 
mending the  saTfie,  was  received,  and,  on  motion,  it  was 

Resolved  (by  the  Board),  That  said  application  be  not  com- 
plied with. 


STATE  SWAMP  LAKD  BOARD.  171 

SXTBN8I0K  OF  DUNCAN,  ALPENA,  AND  SAUBLE  RIVER   STATE  Extension  of 

Duncan, 
ROAD.  Alpena  and 

Saable  river. 

The  map  and  field  notes  this  day  filed,  were  approved  as  of 
the  seventh  day  of  September,  1870. 

BRANCH  OF  THE  MACKINAC  AND  DELTA   STATE  ROAD.  Branch  of 

Mackinac 

The  map  and  field  notes  this  day  filed,  were  approved. 
On  motion,  the  Board  adjourned. 

0.  L.  SPAULDING, 

Secretary, 


INDEX. 


Page 

Akbon  Ditch: 

Contracts  extended 6,  108 

Bond  of  Ck)mmissioncr  approved 15,  120 

Operation  of  Resolution  of  April  1,  1868,  suspended 62 

Contracts  canceled 63 

Acceptances  of  Contracts  approved 95,96,148 

Alma  and  Clinton  Road*. 

Acceptances  of  ContracU  approved 20, 21, 27,  28,  66,  87,  88, 117 

do  do  do      121,  131,  148 

Bond  of  Commissioner  approved 167 

Preamble  and  resolutions 40,41 

Remonstrance  received  and  referred 46 

Diagram  of,  adopted 47 

Accounts    allowed 75 

Contracts   extended : 102,  180 

Western  Division  op: 

Bond  of  Commissioner  approved 64,  77,  155 

Map  and  Survey  approved 76 

Acceptances  of  Contracts  approved 125, 131,  153,  160, 166 

Route  clian.8;ed  157 

Contracts  extended 129,161,  169 

Accounts   allowed _ 137 

Southern  Division  op: 

Bond  of  Commissioner  approved 65 

Acceptances  of  Contracts  approved 80,  95,  131 

Accounts    allowed 80 

Allegan,  Muskegon,  and  Traverse  Bay  Road  : 

Acceptances  of  Contracts  approved.. 13,  34,  40, 133,  144,  145,  146 

do  do  do      147,  165 

Accounts    allowed 6,31,78,84,  146 

Route  changed 34,37,64,105,130,  150 

Protest  against  change  of  route 101 

Order  for  S.  L.  S.  R.  Com.  to  issue  order  for  paym't  of  acc't  36 

Contracts  canceled 36,  66 

Con  tract  declared  forfeited 78 

Contracts  extended 120-1,143 

IflT  Division  op  : 

Bond  of  Commissioner  approved 52 

Acceptances  of  Contracts  approved 86,  115 

Accounts   allowed 86,  104 

2d  Division  op  : 

Bond  of  Commissioner  approved 49 


174  INDEX. 

Paob. 

8d  DmsiON  OF  Allegan,  Muskegon  and  Travbksb  Bat  : 

Bond  of  Commissioner  approved 49 

Map  and  survey  approved 61 

Acceptances  of  Contracts  approved -81,83,100,  140 

Application  for  cancelment  of  Contract  refbsed 170 

4th  Division  of: 

Bond  of  Commissioner  approved 145 

Acceptances  of  Contracts  approved 147 

AucoNT  AND  Cass  River  Road  : 

Contracts  extended 0,17,  18 

Accounts   allowed 10,39,  100 

Acceptances  of  Contracts  jipproved 22,  28,  66,  67,  69,  70,  74 

Error  in  Contract  corrected 26,  27 

Operation  of  resolution  of  April  1,1868,  suspended 68 

Contracts    canceled 59 

Allegan  and  Lake  Shore  Road  : 

Accounts    allowed 48,  49 

Bond  of  Commissioner  approved 77 

Antrim  Ditch: 

Bond  of  Commissioner  approved 110 

Acceptances  of  Contracts  approved 184 

Angle  Ditch: 

Petition  of  citizens  for  appropriation  for 12 

Attorney  General: 

Instructed  in  regard  to  matter  of  Messrs.  Orton  &  Mills.. .  17 

Burnbam,  Ira  Y.  and  Ammi,  case  Of,  referred  to 98 

Opinion  of,  in  case  of  I.  Y.  and  A.  Burnbam,  filed 101 

Ordered  to  prosecute  bond  of  E.  F.  Boswortb 101 

Report  of  Special  Commissioner  Curtis,  in  re^rd  to  Con- 
tract of  I:  Y.  and  Ammi  Burnbam,  referred  to 107-8 

Instructed  to  commence  legal  proceedings  against  George 

N.  Fletcher,  for  trespass 170 

An  Sauble  River  Bridge: 

Accounts  allowed 66,76,106,112,118,130,  188 

Place  of  crossing  river  changed 70 

Plan  of  bridge  adopted,  etc 46,79,  106 

Plan  of  bridge  modified 109 

Action  of  Board ,  adopting  plan ,  etc. ,  rescinded 106 

Location  fixed 106 

Authority  to  modify  plan  of,  given 106 

Contracts    approved 106,  112 

Accounts  rejected 119 

Acceptances  of  Contracts   approved - 120 

Bay  DeNoc  and  Green  Bay  Road  : 

Contract   canceled 37 

Acceptances  of  Contracts   approved 48,  79,  104 

Diagram  and  field  notes  approved 71 

Claim  of  E.  S.  Ingalls  rejected 143 

Ingalls,  E.  8.,  matter  of,  reconsidered  and  referred 145 

Ingalls,  E.  S.,  claim  of,  allowed 146 

Northern  Division  op: 

Acceptances  of  Contracts   approved 118,140 

IsT  Division  op: 

Bond  of  Commissioner    approved 42 

2d  Division  op: 

Bond  of  Commissioner  approved 43 


INDEX.  176 

Pagb. 

Berlin  and  Georgetown  Road: 

Oontracts  extended 6 

Acceptances  of  Ck)ntract8  approved 26 

Petition  of  Commissioners  of  Highways  of  Township  of 
Jamestown,  in  regard  to  Contract  of  Ira  Y.  Bumbam, 

and  order  thereon 04 

Bamham,  Ira  Y.  and  Ammi,ca8e  considered  and  referred 

to  Attorney  General 98 

Opinion  of  Attorney  General  filed,  and  he  ordered  to  com- 
mence lear«il  proceedini^,  etc 101 

Report  of  Commissioner  Curtis   referred  to  Attorney  Gen.  107-8 

Route  of,  changed 180 

Bamhnm,  Ira  Y.,  Contract  of,  approved  and  ordered  paid,  149 

Berlin  and  Jamestown  (Georgetown)  Road  : 

Application  for  extension  of  time,  received  and  referred.,.  18 

Big  liAPiDs  and  Grand  Rapids  Road  : 

Acceptances  of  Contracts  approved 20,35,67,  76 

Contracts    canceled 44 

Operation  of  resolution  of  April  1,  1868,  suspended 61 

Preamble  and  resolutions 62-68 

Black  River  Ditch: 

Contracts  extended 125 

Acceptances  of  Contracts  approved 134 

Board  of  Control: 

Organization  of. 5 

Meetings  of  : 

First  Meeting,  Feb.  7,1867 5 

Second   do'     Feb.  15,  1867 7 

Third      do       March  25,  1867 9 

Fourth    do       July  3. 1867 11 

Fillh       do       July  80, 1867 11 

Sixth      do       July  31,  1867 14 

Seventh  do       AugU8t28,  1867 18 

Eighth   do       Oct.  2,  1867 l 21 

Ninth     do       Oct.  30,  1867 24 

Tenth    do       Nov.  28, 1867 27 

Eleventh  Meeting,  Dec.  12, 1867 82 

Twelfth         do        Jan.  2,   1868 84 

Thirteenth    do         Jan.   17,1868 86 

Fourteenth  do         Jan.  30,  1868 37 

Fifteenth      do        Feb.  27,  1868 40 

Sixteenth     do         April  1,1868 43 

ScTcnteenthdo        June  3,1868 46 

Eighteenth  do         July  2,  1868 60 

Nmeteenth  do        July  3,  1868 52 

Twentieth    do         July  8,  1868 54 

Twenty.first  Meeting,  July  9,  1868 62 

Twenty-second   do       Aug.  26,  1868 63 

Twentythird      do       Aug.  27,  1868 65 

Twenty.fourth    do       Oct.  7,  1868 71 

Twenty.fifth        do        Nov.  19, 1868 78 

Twentv-fifth        do       Dec.  3, 1868 82 

Twenty-sixth      do       Dec.  31,  1868 84 

Board  of  Control: 

Re-organization  of 93 

First    Meeting,  Jan.  6,  1869 98 

Second     do       Jan.  22,  1869. 93 


176  INDEX. 

Paob. 

BoABD  OF  Control: 

Third  Meeting.  Jan.  28,  1869 ^ 96 

Fourth     do       Feb.  11,  1869 97 

Fifth        do       Feb.  12,  1869 98 

Sixth        do        Feb.  24,   1869 99 

Seventh    do        April  5,  1869 100 

Eighth      do        April28,  1869 103 

Ninth       do        May  27,  1869 105 

Tenth      do       June  30,  1869 108 

Eleventh  do       July  7,  1869 Ill 

Twelfth   do       July28,  1869 Ill 

Thirteenth   Meeting,  Aug.  26,  1869 116 

Fourteenth        do        Oct.  5,  18G9 120 

Fifteenth           do        Oct.  27,  1869 125 

Sixteenth          do        Nov.  24,  1869 -  128 

Seventeenth      do       Jan.  5,1870 135 

Eighteenth        do       Jan.  26,  1870 139 

Nineteenth       do        Feb.  23,  1870 141 

Twentieth         do        April  6, 1870 142 

Twenty.first     do        April27,  1870 148 

Twenty.second  Meeting,  May  26,  1870 144 

Twenty-third          do       July  6, 1870 146 

Twenty-fourth        do       July  27, 1870 150 

Twenty-fifth            do        Aug.  5,  1870 152 

Twentysixth          do        Sept.  7,  1870 152 

Twenty-seventh      do        Oct.  6,  1870 156 

Twenty-eighth        do        Oct.  25, 1870 158 

Twenty-ninth          do       Nov.  30,  1870 162 

Bbidobton  and  Osceola  Koad  : 

Acceptances  of  Contracts  approved 13,  31 ,  68,  90, 168 

Contracts  canceled 64 

Operation  of  resolution  of  April  1,1868,  suspended 54 

Contracts  extended 129 

Bbibob  over  Menominee  River  (See  Menominee  River  Bridge). 

Branch  of  Mackinac  and  Delta  Road  : 

Map  and  field  notes  approved 120,  171 

Accounts    allowed 142 

Bond  of  Commissioner  approved 145 

Branch  Road  (Eaton  and  Barry  Counties) : 

Boqd    approved 14 

BuRNHAM,  Ira  Y.  : 

Matter  of  (see  Berlin  and  Georgetown  Road). 

Capac  and  Clyde  Road: 

Acceptances  of  Contracts  approved 12,  29,  48,  50, 139 

Bond  of  Commissioner  approved 15 

Contracts  extended 17,  139 

Phelps,  John,  petition  of,  and  order  of  payment  to 102-3 

Accounts  allowed 50 

Capac  and  Clyde  Extension  Road: 

Survey  and  diagram  of,  adopted 48 

Bond  of  Commissioner  approved • 64 

Acceptances  of  Contracts  approved 86,  148 

Accounts  allowed 148 

Cass  River  and  Bay  City  Road: 

Contracts  canceled 17, 107 

Application  for  change  of  route  referred  to  8.  L.  S.  R.  Com- 
missioner   17 

Acceptances  of  Contracts  approved,  32,  45,  89,90,116, 124, 133,  138 

do                   do              do     144, 149, 154,  160,  167,  168 


INDEX.  177 

Page. 

Cass  Kiyer  and  Bay  City  Road  : 

Preamble  and  resoIutioDS 41 ,  43 

Contracts  declared  forfeited 67 

Operation  of  resolution  of  April  1, 1868,  ^i^spended 57,  58 

Besolution  allowing  A.  C.  Maxwell  to  select  lands  in  cer- 
tain counties 97 

Bonds  of  Commissioner  approved 105 

Contracts  extended 108,129,161,  170 

Ca88  Rivbr  and  Wild  Fowl  Bay  Hoad  : 

Bond  of  Commissioner  approved 140 

Route  of,  clianeed 151 

Acceptances  of  Contracts  approved 167 

Clinton  County  Ditch: 

Action  of  Board  rescinded 28 

Appropriation  of  land  (see  North  Shore  Ditch,  35) _  23 

Clinton  and  Gratiot  County  Ditch: 

Contracts  extended  (see  Ditch  from  Maple  River  to  Bad 

River,  31,  38,  55,  88) 7 

Clio  and  Chesaninq  Road  : 

Bond  of  Commissioner  approved - 49 

Contracts  canceled 59 

Profile  and  dia^^m  approved 61 

Acceptances  of  Contracts  approved 69,  94, 110, 138,  140 

AccounU  allowed 79,113, 133 

Cottonwood  Swamp  Road  : 

Bond  of  Commissioner  approved 78 

Survey  of,  adopted 110 

Accounts  allowed 113 

Acceptances  of  Contracts  approved 136, 160,  168 

Crawford '8  Quarry  Road  : 

Accounts  allowed 117 

Map  and  field  notes  approved 121 

Re-survey  ordered 142 

Dksr  Creek  and  Menominee  Marble  Quarry  Road  : 

Bond  of  Commissioner  approved 15 

Ingalls,  E.  H.,  communication  of,  received  and  tabled 103 

Ditch  from  Maple  River  to  Bad  River  : 

Bond  approved 81 

Acceptances  of  Contracts  approved 38,88 

Operation  of  resolution  of  April  1, 1868,   suspended  (see 

Clinton  and  Gratiot  County  Ditch,  7) 55 

Ditch  in  Sanilac,  St.  Clair,  and  Lapeer  Counties: 
Petition  for,  received  and  tabled,  and  petitioners  required  to 

procure  survey,  etc 10 

Ditch  in  Sanilac  County  (See  Elk  Creek  Ditch). 

Ditch  in  Lapeer  and  St.  Clair  Counties: 

John  M.  Lamb,  report  of,  and  Swamp  Land  awarded  to 

contractors 85 

Duncan,  Alpena,  and  Sauble  River  Road: 

Contract  extended 8,128 

Routeof,  changed 68, 121 

Accounts  allowed,  13,  68,  75,  76,  79,  112,  113,  117,  122,  134,  147 

do            do     : 153,169 

Bond  of  Commissioner  approved 19 

Operation  of  resolution  of  April  1,  1868,  suspended 52 

Acceptances  of  Contracts  approved 76, 122, 126, 134, 147, 151 ,  153 

do  do  do      154,158,169 

Map  and  field  notes  filed  and  approved 151 

23 


178  INDEX. 

Duncan,  Alpena,  and  Au  Saublb  Extension  Road  : 

Bond  of  Commissioner  approved 147 

Acceptances  of  Contracts  approTcd 169,  168 

Map  and  field  notes  filed  ana  approved 171 

Duncan  and  Alpbna  Road  : 

Operation  of  resolution  of  April  1, 1868,  suspended 56 

East  Baoinaw  and  Junction  Road  : 

Accounts  received  and  tabled 7 

Accounts  allowed 8,69,  91 

Contracts  extended 8 

Bond  of  Commissioner  approved 15 

Acceptances  of  Contracts    approved,  85.  38,  89,  51,  69,  78,  91,  96 
do  do  do     - 104,109,114 

East  Saoinaw  and  Sauble  River  Road  : 

Bond  Of  Commissioner  approved 89,  157 

Accounts  allowed 46,64,  68 

Acceptances  of  Contracts  approved,  124,  136,  134, 136, 155, 165, 167 

Route  of,  changed 131,  161 

East  Saginaw,  Sauble  River,  and  Duncan  Road  : 

Map  and  survey  approved 63 

Elk  Crekk  Ditch  ;  otherwise.  Ditch  in  Sanilac  County : 

Acceptances  of  contracts  approved 31 ,  79 

Accounts  allowed 31,  100 

Operation  of  resolution  of  April  1,  1868,  suspended 52 

Contracts  declared  forfeited,  and  Commissioner  instructed 

to  prosecute  bond 53 

Preamble  and  resolution 59,  60 

Resolution  rescinded 65 

Emmet  and  Grand  Traverse  Road  : 

Accounts  allowed 16 

Acceptances  of  Contracts  approved 34 

Enolishville  and  Croton  Road  : 

Attorney  General  instructed  in  regard  to  Contract  of  a  Mr. 

Orton,  contractor 17 

Acceptances  of  Contracts  approved 19,  33,  66 

Change  of  route  of,  ordered 86 

Bond  of  Commissioner  approved 68 

Flat  River  Improvement  : 

Bond  of  Commissioner  approved 15 

Fletcher,  George  N.  : 

Matter  of  trespass  of,  referred  to  Commissioner  Curtis 146 

Legal  proceedings  against,  for  trespass,  ordered 170 

Form: 

For  Acceptance  ol  Contract  by  Local  Commissioner 15,  16 

For  certificate  of  8.  L.  8.  R.  Commissioner 16 

For  receipt  for  warrant 16 

Genesee  and  Saoinaw  Road  : 

Acceptances  of  Contracts  approved 110 

Geneva  and  Saoinaw  Bay  Road  : 

Bond  of  Conmmissioner  approved 143 

Genesee  and  Tuscola  Road: 

Bond  approved 31 

Acceptances  of  Contracts    approved 36,  88,  89 

Operation  of  resolution  of  April  1,  1868,  suspended 66 

Gratiot  County  Ditch,  from  Maple  River  to  Bad  River : 
(See  Ditch  from  Maple  River  to  Bad  River.) 


INDEX.  179 

Paok. 

Greekville  and  Bio  Rapids  Road  : 

Acceptances  of  Contracte  appr*d,  20, 26,36,  74, 76,  79,  126, 161, 162 

Route  of.  changed 47 

Operation  of  resolution  of  April  1, 1868,  suspended 56 

Qrebnvillb  and  Bloombb  Road  : 

Contracts  extended 129,  161 

Acceptances  of  Contracts  approved 182 

IIastings  and  Lowell  Road  : 

Bond  of  Commissioner   approved 107 

Survey,  etc.,  of,  adopted Ill 

Accounts    allowed 118,  124 

Accounts  rejected 180 

Acceptances   of  Contracts  approved 187 

Houghton  and  L*An8E  Bay  Road  : 

Map  and  field  notes  filed  and  approved 157 

Huron  City  and  Bad  Ax  Road: 

Bond  of  Commissioner  approved 14 

Route  of,  approved 71 

Contracts  extended 167 

Inguah  and  Clinton  Road  : 

Acceptances  of  Contracts  approved 12,  35,  83 

Accounts  allowed 39 

Ionia  and  Smyrna  Road  : 

Bond  of  Commissioner  approved 42 

Accounts  allowed 70, 127 

Acceptances  of  Contracts  approved 133 

Ionia,  Houghton  Lake,  and  Mackinac  Road  : 

Bond  of  Commissioner  approved 21 

Acceptances  of  Contracts  approved,  26,83,95,125,  126,  131,  163 

do  do  do       160,167,168 

Route  of,  chan/a:ed 38,  149,  160 

Accounts  allowed 40,109,126,  168 

Contracts  extended 81,129,  161 

Southern  Division  of  : 

Bond  approved 105 

Acceptances  of  Contracts  approved 131 ,  166,  167 

Ionia  and  Vermontvillb  Road  : 

Application  for  modification  of  Contract  tabled 8,  9 

Contract  extended 9 

Acceptances  of  Contracts  approved 61 

Ithaca  and  Alma  Road  : 

Acceptances  of  Contracts  approved 28 

Lapeer  and  Tuscola  Road  : 

Twelve  hundred  dollars  ordered  paid  to  Hiram  Curtis,  on 

contract 12 

Acceptances  of  Contracts  approved 33,  66,  79, 114,  124, 133,  151 

Operation  of  resolution  of  April  1 ,  1868,  suspended 66 

Accotmts  allowed 102 

Contracte  extended 142,  170 

Newman,  Alexander,  relief  of,  refused 119 

L'Anse  Bay  and  State  Line  Road  : 

Bond  of  Commissioner  filed  and  approved 166 

Acceptances  of  Contracts  approved 163 

Lexington  and  Flint  River  Road  : 

Account  allowed 11 

Acceptances  of  Contracts  approved 13,  126,  148 

Operation  of  resolution  of  April  1 ,  1868,  suspended 53,  56 


180  INDEX. 

Page. 

Lexington  and  Flint  River  Road  : 

Contracts  canceled 55 

Bond  of  Commissioner  approved 77 

West  Division  of  : 

Acceptances  of  Contracts  approved 22,  78 

Marquette  and  Little  Bay  De  Noc  Road  : 

Contract  canceled 37 

IVLlnistee,  Houghton  Lake,  and  Traverse  Bay  Road  : 

Contract  extended 156-7 

Manistee  and  Leland  Road  : 

Route  of,  approved 70 

Accounts  allowed 101,106,122,  154 

Account  returned  for  sub-vouchers 101 

Acceptances  of  Contracts  approved,  122,  136,  141,  154,  159,166,  168 

Petition  for  change  of  route  of,  presented 122 

Route  of,  changed 123,  146 

Route  of,  chanijed,  conditionally 189 

Delbridge  &  Welch .  resolution  as  to  payment  of. 136 

Matter  of  change  or  route  referred  to  Commissioner 144 

Contracts  canceled 155 

South  Division  of  : 

Acceptances  of  Contracts  approved 166 

Mackinac  and  Delta  Road  : 

Bond  of  Commissioner  approved 14,  105 

Contracts  canceled 87 

Mackinac  and  Delta,  Branch  op  : 

(See  Branch  of  Mackinac  and  Delta.) 

Meetings  of  Board  of  Control: 
(See  Board  of  Control,  meetings  of.) 

Menominee  River  Bridge  : 

Acceptances  of  contracts  approved 48 

Midland  and  Isabella  Road  : 

Contracts  extended 8,  13,  17 

Contracts  canceled 22,  57 

Acceptances  of  Contracts  approved 34,  72,  89, 100, 124,  141 

Operation  of  resolution  of  April  1,  1868,  suspended 57 

Bond  of  Commissioner  approved 77 

Midland,  Houghton  Lake,  and  Grand  Traverse  Bay  Road  : 

Bonds  of  Commissioner  approved 14,  157 

Plan  of  bridge  approved 64 

Accounts  allowed 61 

Acceptances  of  Contracts  apprroved,  75,  111,  182,  138,  142, 148,  158 
Contracts  extended 81,  82, 128,  129, 161-2 

West  Division  of  : 

Acceptances  of  Contracts  approved 75,  85,  86,  188 

Route  of,  changed 168 

Survey  and  profile  adopted _  40 

Eastern  Division  of  : 

Acceptances  of  Contracts  apprVl,  85,  113,  114, 116, 124, 126, 132, 138 

Northern  Division  of: 

Acceptances  of  Contracts  approved 119 

Mineral  Range  Road  : 

Bond  of  Commissioner  approved 14,  77 

Acceptances  of  Contracts  approved 23,  45,  69,  135,  156 

Accounts  allowed 53,  107 

Operation  of  resolution  of  April  1, 1868,  suspended 56 

Routeof,  cljangcd 77-8 


INDEX.  181 

Pagx. 

MiSHTEGAY  Ditch  : 

Acceptances  of  Contracts  approved 85 

Accounts  allowed 45 

Montcalm  and  Gratiot  Road  : 

Bond  of  Commissioner  approved 44,  118 

Accounts  allowed 61,64,103,  187 

So  rvey  approved 64 

Acceptances  of  Contracts  approved... 89,  94,  117, 119, 121,  181,  182 

do                    do            do       149,  154,  164 

Contracts  extended 129 

Money : 

Statement  of,  received  and  disbursed  on  account  of  trespass 

on  the  public  lands 84 

MUSREOON  AND  CeDAR  SPRINGS  ROAD  : 

Acceptances  of  Contracts  appr*d,  45,  74,  87,  114, 124, 184,  187,  162 

Contracts  canceled _ 57 

Route  of,  changed 99 

Contracts  extended 101, 102,128,  161 

Accounts  allowed 144 

Bond  of  Commissioner  approved 155 

MussBY  Ditch: 

Acceptances  of  Contracts  approved 83 

Newaygo  and  Dayton  Road  : 

Contracts  extended 9,10,  18 

Acceptances  of  Contracts  approved 12,  19,  30 

Newaygo  and  Dayton  Extension  Road: 

Bond  of  Commissioner  approved 145 

Newaygo  and  Northport  Road: 

Contracts  extended 9,  102 

Acceptances  of  Contracts  approved. -.80,  38,  68,  73,  90, 91, 114,  117 

do  do  do       ..128, 186, 141, 147,  160 

Operation  of  resolution  of  April  1, 1868,  suspended 55 

Accounts  allowed 104, 188,  147 

Bond  of  Commissoner  approved 107 

Route  of,  changed 180 

New  Haven  and  JFAiRFiEtD  Road  : 

Time  for  completion  of,  extended 10 

Operation  of  resolution  of  April  1,  1868,  suspended ...  56 

North  Shore  Ditch  (Clinton  County) : 

Acceptances  of  Contracts  approved 86 

(See  Clinton  County  Ditch  ^.) 

Ontonagon  and  Montreal  Rivf r  Road  : 

Bond  of  Commissioner  approved 21,  185 

AccounU  allowed 99,  102,  104, 109, 118,  160 

Accounts  referred  toU.  P.  S.  L.  S.  R.  Commissioner 108 

Acceptances  of  Contracts  approved 118,  120 

Crozier,  J.  A.  &  Co..  Contract  of,  canceled  conditionally..  152 

Contractof,  declared  void 156 

Randolph,  Albert,  additional  compensation  allowed  to 162-8 

Ontonagon  and  State  Line  Road: 

Bond  of  Commissioner  approved 22 

Accounts  allowed 87,  75,  99 

Profile  approved 46 

Former  action  of  Board  reconsidered 52 

Ovid  and  St.  Charles  Road  : 

Petition  for  change  of  route,  referred,  etc 39 

Petition  for  change  of  route,  denied 44 

Bond  of  Commissioner  approved 49 


182  INDEX. 

Pace. 

Ovid  and  St.  Chables  Road  : 

IBlRoutc  of,  changed Co 

Acceptances  of  Contracts  approved,  68,  74, 81, 117, 124, 127, 134,  159 

Contracts  extended 128,  157 

Pack,  George  W.  : 

Application  of,  to  select  lands 44 

Petitions  : 

John  M.  Roe  of,  and  others,  for  ditch,  received  and  tabled,  10 

Citizens  of  Gratiot  County  of,  for  road  and  for  appropriat  'n,  12 
Citizens  of  Shiawassee  County  of,  for  appropriation  for 

ditch,  etc 12 

John  McRay  and  others  of,  referred 23 

Port  Austin  and  Sanilac  Road: 

Account  tabled 6 

Communication  relative  to  length  of,  received  and  referred,  11,  12 

Accounts  allowed 27,  48,  127 

Acceptances  of  Contracts  approved 83, 103, 113, 115, 123,  127 

Contracts  canceled 53 

Route  of,  changed 115 

Southern  Division  of: 

Bond  of  Commissioner  approved 107 

Port  Austin  and  Sanilac  Extension  Road: 

Acceptances  of  Contracts  approved 25 

Port  Austin  and  Unionville  Road  : 

Bond  of  Commissioner  approved 118 

Map  and  field  notes  approved 121 

Acceptances  of  Contracs  approved 137,  148 

Change  of  route  adopted 143 

Port  Hope  and  Wild  Fowl  Bat  Road  : 

Bond  of  Commissioner  approved 130 

Map  and  field  notes  approved 150,  151 

Accounts  allowed 153 

Port  Huron,  Bay  City,  and  Lansing  Road: 

Contracts  annulled 5 

Route  of  portion  of,  changed 6,6,31,70-1 

Application  for  the  acceptance  of  Contracts,  received  and 

referred * 7 

Contracts  extended 9 

Commissioner  appointed  to  examine  a  portion  of. 121 

Cummunication  and  petition  received  and  referred 10 

Operation  of  resolution  of  April  1,  1868,  suspended 59 

Acceptances  of  Contracts  approved 20,  25,  95, 109, 148,  15? 

C.  C.  Darling,  report  of  L.  B.  Curtis  on  Contract  of,  appr^d,  184 

Claim  for  damages  allowed 89 

Contracts  canceled 43,  149 

Accounts  allowed 166 

Re-survey  and  profile  approved 43 

Bond  of  Commissioner  approved 50,  77 

Eastern  DrvisioN  Of: 

Accounts  allowed 100 

Acceptances  of  Contracts  approved 29,  33,  50,  66,  74,  86,  127 

Contracts  canceled 82 

Contracts  extended 82 

Second  Division  of: 

Acceptances  of  Contracts  approved 24 

Western  Division  of: 

Acceptances  of  Contracts  approved 29,67,  80 

Russell,  James,  additional  amount  allowed  to 83 


INDEX.  183 

Paob. 

Southern  DnrisioN  of  : 

Acceptances  of  Contracts  approved 86,  87 

Port  Sanilac  and  Tuscola  Koad: 

Bond  of  Commissioner  approved 7 

Acceptances  of  Contracts  approved 80,  80,  125 

Contracts  declared  forfeited 59 

Operation  of  resolution  of  April  1, 1868,  suspended 59 

Portage  River  Road  : 

Accounts  allowed 61 

Resolution  : 

As  to  the  cancelation  of  Contracts 44 

RiTER  Du  FiL  Harbor  : 

Acceptances  of  Contracts  approved 13 

RiPLBT  Ditch: 

Application  for  expenditure  of  appropriation 119 

Appropriation ,  balance  of,  ordered  expended 128 

Contracts  extended 170 

RiFLEY  Ditch  Extension  : 

Bond  of  Commissioner  approved 180 

Rogue  River  Improvebient  : 

Contracts  extended 102 

Acceptances  of  Contracts  approved 137,  146 

Saginaw  and  Gratiot  Road; 

Contracts  extended 8,  188,  149 

Acceptances  of  Contracts  approved 22,  S3,  42,  72,  73,  153 

Contracts  canceled 42 

Saginaw,  Gratiot,  and  Newaygo  Road  : 

Acceptances  of  Contracts  approved 29.  80,  87,  115,  121, 127,  148 

do  do  do      152,  161 

Survey  and  profile  adopted 47 

Profile,  etc.,  approved 51 

Accounts  allowed 47,48,51,  75,  80,  109 

Plan  of  bridge  approved 58 

Map  and  field  notes  filed  and  approved 160 

Saginaw  City  and  Owosso  Road: 

Accounts  allowed 87 

Bonds  of  Commissioner  approved 19,  64 

Survey,  etc.,  of,  adopted 110 

Corrected  survey,  etc.,  filed  and  approved 125 

Sanilac  and  Bay  Road  : 

Acceptances  of  Contracts  approved 28,  96,  97,  126,  147, 168,  164 

Contract  declared  void,  etc 26 

Contract  declared  forfeited /- 58 

Reconsideration  of  action  of  Board  asked  for  and  refused,  88 

Contracts  extended 138 

Western  Division  of: 

McCormick,  James,  balance  due  to,  ordejxid  paid 112 

Eastern  Division  of: 

Acceptances  of  Contracts  approved 184, 147,  158,  164 

Sanilac  and  Huron  Road: 

Bond  of  Commissioner  approved 14 

Acceptances  of  Contracts  approved 24,  25, 81,  S2,  96,  187 

Accounts  allowed 27 

Contracts  extended 167 

Operation  of  resolution  of  April  1 ,  1868,  suspended 60 

Route  of,  approved 71 


184  iXREX. 

Pao>. 

Southern  Division  of: 

Acceptances  of  Contracts  approved 87,115,117,  128 

Accounts  allowed 116 

Northern  Division  op: 

Accounts  allowed 99 

Bond  of  Commissioner  approved 155 

Acceptancees  of  Contracts  approved _ 114,  127 

Contracts  extended 128.129,155,  169 

Sanilac  and  Tuscola  Road: 

(See  Port  Sanilac  and  Tuscola.) 
Saugatuck  and  Overeisel  Road  : 

Accounts  allowed 107,  161 

Bond  of  Commissioner  approved 150 

Map  and  field  notes  filed  and  approved 150 

Sauble  RrvER  Bridge: 

(See  Au  Sauble  River  Bridge.) 
Shiawassee  Township  (Shiawassee  County)  Road  : 

Munffer,  Tbomas,  communication  of,  referred  to  Com 12 

Land  allowed  in  payment  of  Contract 73 

S.  L.  8.  R.  Commissioner: 

Weller,  F.  D. ,  communication  of,  referred  to 10 

Cottrel ,  C.  B. ,  communication  of,  referred  to 11 ,  12 

Hunger,  Tbomas,  communication  of,  referred  to 12 

Petition  for  road,  and  for  appropriation ,  referred  to 12 

Petition  for  appropriation  to  constPict  ditch,  referred  to.-.  12 

Form  of  certificate  of 16 

Change  of  route  of  C.  R.  &  B.  C.  Road  referred  to 17 

Application  for  extension  of  lime  on  B.  &  J.  Road  refd  to,  18 

Petition  for  appropriation  for  ditch  referred  to 23 

Ordered  to  issue  his  warrant  for  payment  of  account 36 

Instructed  to  draw  certificate  for  lands  in  Lower  Penin- 
sula, in  payment  of  Contracts  on  Alma  and  Clinton 

Road 41 

Authorized  to  draw  warrant  in  favor  of  A.  HUl,  for  160 

acres  of  land 42 

Swamp  land  to  be  expended  under  direction  of. 43 

To  notify  Contractors  of  resolution  of  Board  as  to  cancel- 
ation of  Contracts 44 

Remonstrance,  etc.,  of  citizens  of  Isabella  County  refd  to,  45 

Instructed  to  prosecute  J.  F.  Wiley,  Contractor  on  Cass 
River  and  Bay  City  Road,  for  non-performance  of 

Contract 57 

Instructed  to  prosecute  Contractors  on  Sanilac  and  Tuscola 

Road,  for  non -performance  of  Contract 59 

Instructed  to  prosecute  Contractors  on  Tuscola  and  Sagi- 
naw Bay  Road,  for  non -performance  of  Contract 60 

Matter  of  E*.  L.  Gray  neferreid  to 62-3 

Statement  of  moneys  received  and  disbursed  by,  on  account 

of  trespass  on  the  public  lands 84 

Ordered  to  inspect  certain  roads,  and  report  as  to  letting 

contracts  to  Ira  Y.  Bumham 94 

Report  of,  in  case  of  Ira  Y.  and  Ammi  Bumham 101 

Matter  of  expenditure  of  balance  of  appropriation  on  Rip- 
ley Ditch  referred  to 119 

Authorized  to  expend  balance  of  appropriation  on  Ripley 

Ditch 128 

Reportof,  as  to  Contract  of  C.  C.  Darling 134 

Authorized  to  change  route  of  Manistee  and  Leland  Road,  139 


INDEX.  185 

Page. 
8.  L.  8.  R.  Commissioner  : 

Change  of  roate  of  Manistee  and  Leland  Road  at  Qlen 

Lake  referred  to 144 

Matter  of  E.  8.  Ingalls  referred  to 145 

Matter  of  trespass  of  George  N.  Fletcher  referred  to 146 

S.  L.  8.  R.  Commissioner  for  Upper  Peninsuu^  : 

Oath  and  bond  of,  filed 106 

Randolph,  A.,  accoant  of,  referred  to 108 

Randolph,  A. ,  accoant  of,  reported  upon  by ,.  109 

Authority  of,  to  employ  clerk,  revoked 163 

St.  Mary's  River  and  Mackinac  Road  : 

Bond  of  Commissioner  approved 44 

Routeof,  changed 102 

Accounts  allowed 72,80,106,  141 

Acceptances  of  Contracts  approved 72, 80, 118,  185 

Allowance  of  accounts  rescinded 138 

St.  ltfART*8  Falls  and  Mackinac  Road  : 
(See  St.  Mary's  River  and  Mackinac.) 

St.  Louis  and  Pine  River  Road  : 

Acceptances  of  Contracts  approved .35,  67,  148 

Bond  of  Commissioner  approved 150 

Operation  of  resolution  of  April  1,  1868,  suspended 60 

Traverse  Bay  and  Midland  City  Road: 

(See  Midland,  Houghton  Lake,  and  Traverse  Bay.) 

Trespass  on  Public  Lands  : 

Report  of  Commissioner  Curtis,  his  action,  approved 84 

Fletcher,  George  N.,  matter  of  trespass  of,  referred  to  Com- 
missioner Curtis 146 

Tuscola  and  Saginaw  Bay  Road: 

Bonds  of  Commissioner  approved 22,105 

Acceptances  of  Contracts  approved 80, 50,  89,  168 

Contract  extended 1C8 

Land  appropriated 43 

Contracts  declared  forfeited 60 

Contracts  canceled 149 

Operation  of  resolution  of  April,  1,  1868,  suspended 60 

Tuscola  and  Bay  Road: 

(See  Tuscola  and  Saginaw  Bay.) 

Upper  Peninsula  8.  L.  8.  R  Commissioner  : 
(See  S.  L.  8.  R.  Ck>mmissioner  for  U.  P.) 

Vienna  and  State  Line  Road  : 


Bonds  of  Commissioner  approved 10,  49 

approved- 
Contracts  extended 83 


Survey  and  map  approved- 61 


Accounts  allowed : 122 

Acceptances  of  Contracts  approved 122 

White  Lake  and  Bio  Rapids  Road  : 

Bonds  of  Commissioner  approved 18,  110 

Diagram,  survey,  etc.,  of,  adopted 112 

Survey  and  field  notes  filed  ana  approved 146 

Accounts  allowed 113, 132,  159 

Acceptances  of  ContracU  approved 123,126,132,187,145,  148 

do                     do              do       153,  159 

Contracts  extended 140 

White  Rock  and  Bingham  Road: 

Contract  extended 6 

Acceptances  of  Contracts  approved 26 

Bond  of  Commissioner  filed  and  approved 158 

24 


186  INDEX. 

Paqx. 

Wisconsin  and  Lake  Supbriob  Road  : 

Bond  of  Commissioner  approved 140 

Route  of,  approved 70 

Route  ofyClianged 115 

Acceptances  of  Contracts  approved 110,185,140,  168 

Contracts  extended 188,  167 

Survey  and  field  notes  filed  and  approved 139 

Wisconsin  and  Lakb  Superior  Extension  Road  : 

Bond  approved 83 

Acceptances  of  Contracts  approved 140,  168 

Accounts  allowed 142 


THIRD   ANNUAL  REPORT 

OK   THE 

SECRETARY  OF  STATE 

OK   TUK 

STATE  OK  MICHIGAN, 

ItELATINO   TO   TUK   RliniBTKV   AND    ItETL'BN   OK 

BIRTHS,  MARRIAGES,  AND  DEATHS, 

fOIt      THE      VKAK      leOS- 


BT  AUTHORITY. 


LANSIKG: 
W.  rj.  OKOlKiK  A  CO.,  PRINTEI!.-*  TO  TUK  STiTB. 

1R70. 


PREFACE. 


STATE   DEPARTMENT,  MICHIGAN. 


Secretary's  Office,        ) 
Lansing^  Deceinhep  15,  1870.  j 


To  His  Excellency  Henry  P.  Baldwin, 

Governor  of  Michigan : 

Sir: — I  have  the  honor  herewith  to  submit  my 
Third  Annual  Report  of  Births,  Marriages,  and 
Deaths,  being  for  the  year  1869. 

The  returns  to  this  Department  should  have  been 
received  by  September  1  st,  but  in  some  instances 
County  Clerks  neglected  making  their  returns  until 
November,  thus  delaying  the  preparation  of  impor- 
tant tables. 

There  is,  however,  a  marked  improvement  in  this 
regard  over  fonner  years,  and  it  is  probable  there 
will  be  little  cause  for  complaints  of  this  kind  in  the 
future. 

Complaints  are  frequent  that  marriages  have  been 
solemnized  of  which  no  returns  have  been  made. 

For  obvious  reasons,  there  should  be  record  proof 
in  the  proper  offices,  of  every  marriage ;  and  great 
pains  have  been  taken  by  this  Department  to  urge 
and  facilitate  the  making  of  these  returns. 


PREFACE. 


Copies  of  the  law,  and  the  neeessaiy  blank  re- 
turns have  been  placed  in  the  hands  of  ever}'  Cler- 
gyman and  Justice  of  the  Peace  in  the  Stat^,  and 
there  is  no  excuse  for  this  disr^ard  of  the  law. 

Delinquents,  when  known,  have  been  i^eported  to 
the  proper  officei's  for  prosex^ution,  but  this  course 
furnishes  no  adequate  remedy  for  the  evil.  Whether 
the  present  law  is  the  1)est  that  can  be  deWsed,  or 
a  marriage  license  law  is  ])referable,  is  a  question 
worthy  of  consideration. 

In  the  preparation  of  a  part  of  this  Report,  the 
serv^ices  of  a  physician  of  recognized  ability  and 
standing  in  the  profession  are  not  only  desirable,  but 
almost  indispensable. 

The  law  should  provide  an  adecjuate  compensation 
for  these  services. 

This  part  of  the  present  rei)ort  has  been  in  chai'ge 
of  Dr.  n.  B.  Baker,  a  member  of  the  State  Medical 
Society,  to  whom  1  take  pleasure  in  acknowledging 
my  obligation,  and  to  whom  is  du(?  whatever  of 
merit  it  may  contain.  Possessing  a  rare  fitness  and 
ability  for  the  work,  he  has  devoted  to  it  much 
time  and  labor.^ 

In  submitting  the  results  of  his  labors,  it  is  hoi>ed 
they  may  possess  the  value  anticipated,  and  meet 
the  commendation  of  his  professional  brethren, 

Veiy  resi)ectfully,  • 

"  O.  L.  SPAULDING, 

Secretary  of  State. 


THIRD  REGISTRATIO]^  REPORT. 


FOR    TIIK    VEAR    18G9. 


The  present  report  contains  statistics  for  the  entire  year 
eighteen  hundred  and  sixty-nine,  in  conformity  with  the 
amendments  to  the  law  requiring  the  registration  and  return 
of  births,  marriages,  and  deaths,  passed  at  tlie  last  regular 
eesflion  of  the  Legislature. 

This  report  is,  in  many  respects,  more  perfect  than  the  pre- 
ceding ones,  the  returns  to  this  department  generally  evincing 
greater  care  on  the  part  of  those  wliose  duty  it  is  to  compile 
them.  It  is  not  surprising  that  some  ciTors  should  be  made 
in  the  returns,  on  account  of  the  frequent  transcriptions  made 
before  reaching  this  office.  Such  mistakes  are  corrected  as  far 
as  is  possible  by  correspondence,  and  by  personal  visits  to  the 
ofSces  of  County  Clerks. 

The  statistics  contained  in  this  Eeport,  being  for  an  entire 
year,  furnish  a  basis  of  comparison  for  future  years.  No 
attempt  at  general  comparison  has  l)een  made  this  year  with  ' 
the  tables  of  the  two  previous  reports,  for  the  reason  that  the 
first  contained  many  errors,  incident  to  the  introduction  of  a 
new  law  of  thifi\  character,  and  the  second  was  compiled  from 
returns  embracing  statistics  for  only  a  fractional  part  of  a 
year. 


THIRD   REGISTRATIOX   REPORT. 


Below   arc   given    the  births,  marriages,  and   deaths,   as 
contained  in  the  first,  second,  and  this  report: 


FiBBT    RePOBT. 


Second  Report. 


Third  Report. 


April  5th,  1867,  to  April 
5th,  1866. 


BlrthB. 


19,544 


Mar. 


5,708 


April  5th,  186$,  to  Dec.     '  i      Jan.  let,  1S69,  to  Dec. 
8lBt,  1868.  i;  Slst,  1860. 


Deaths. ,    Births. 


6,250 


19,171 


Mar. 


5,485 


I 
Death?.      Births. 


6,826  m       27,098 


Mar. 


8,459 


Doatiifi. 


9,145 


Comparing  the  number  of  births,  marriages,  and  deaths,  as 
returned  for  the  last  nine  months  of  the  years  1867,  1868,  and 
1869,  we  have  the  following: 


BIRTHS. 


TXAB. 

1867.... 
1868.... 
1869.... 


• 

• 

• 

5 

• 

>* 
•2 

1 

• 

& 

CD 

1 

8 

• 

1 

• 

a 

M 

1,578 

1,872 

1,885 

1,642 

1,704 

1,641 

1,661 

1,502 

1,554 

81 

1,607 

2,087 

1,944 

2,168 

2,899 

2,862 

2,246 

2,099 

2,2S8 

81 

2,042 

2,221 

2,085 

2,466 

2,781 

2,682 

2,508 

2,861 

2,512 

49 

ToUl. 

14,015 
19,171 
21,657 


MARRIAGES. 


Year.      ? 


1867. 
1868. 
1869. 


DEATHS. 


• 

X, 

• 

• 

g 

• 

• 

• 

• 

•§ 

u 

• 

o 

• 

• 

s 
M 

a 

< 

S 

•^ 

•^ 

< 

CO 

O 

^ 

O 

U 

181 

189 

157 

824 

867 

605 

8^4 

752 

878 

14 

569 

611 

487 

635 

538 

718 

788 

662 

524 

8 

716 

758 

628 

750 

629 

n5 

775 

686 

563 

17 

ToUl. 

4,826 
5,435 
6,292 


Tear. 

• 

< 

• 

OS 

• 

o 

fl 

a 

• 

1 

m 
< 

Sept. 

1 

I 

• 

> 

o 

• 

• 

a 
U 

1867.... 

582 

888 

846 

878 

512 

627 

555 

485 

518 

76 

1868.... 

486 

508 

482 

747 

988 

1,041 

776 

602 

666 

88 

1869.... 

712 

652 

680 

6S7 

1,068 

1,194 

874 

666 

686 

48 

Total. 

4,407 
6,824 
7,887 


BIRTHS,   MARRIAGES,    AND   DEATHS.  7 

By  the  foregoing  it  will  be  seen  that  the  returns  for  1869, 
afl  compared  with  similar  months  in  1867  and  1868,  are  largely 
increased.  This  is  accounted  for  in  part  by  the  natural  in- 
crease in  population,  but  it  also  indicates  more  care  and 
accuracy  on  the  part  of  those  who  collect  the  statistics. 

The  whole  number  of  names  returned  by  the  several  County 
Clerks,  as  registered  for  the  period  from  January  1st  to  De- 
cember 31st,  1869,  inclusive,  was  fifty-three  thousand  one 
hundred  and  fifty-six  (53,156),  viz: 

Twenty-seven  thousand  and  ninety-three  (27,093)  children 
were  born,  of  which  thirteen  thousand  five  hundred  and 
seventy-two  (13,572)  were  males,  twelve  thousand  four  hun- 
dred and  eighty-eight  (12,488)  were  females,  and  sixty-four 
(64)  sex  not  given. 

Sixteen  thousand  nine  hundred  and  eighteen  (16,918)  per- 
sons, or  eight  thousand  four  hundred  and  fifty-nine  (8,459) 
couples  were  married. 

The  whole  number  of  deaths  returned  was  nine  thousand 
one  hundred  and  forty-five  (9,145). 

The  excess  of  births  over  deaths  was  17,948. 

DELINQUENT. 

No  returns  have  been  received  from  the  counties  of  Chip- 
pewa, Delta,  Keweenaw,  Mackinac,  and  Manitou,  nor  from  the 
townships  of  Sheridan  and  White  Bock,  in  the  county  of 
Huron.  The  county  of  Delta  is  represented  in  the  Second 
Annual  Report,  containing  statistics  from  April  5th  to  De- 
cember 31st,  1868,  inclusive ;  but,  wjth  this  exception,  the  offi- 
cials of  the  five  counties  first  mentioned  have  failed,  through 
negligence  or  otherwise,  to  comply  with  the  law  requiring  the 
return  of  births,  marriages,  and  deaths.  The  necessary  blank 
forms  for  the  collection  of  the  statistics  were  furnished  the 
Clerks  of  said  counties,  and  their  attention  has  been  repeatedly 
called  to  the  importance  of  making  the  returns.  The  delin- 
quents were  reported  to  the  Prosecuting  Attorneys  of  their 
respective  counties,  with  a  request  to  proceed  against  them. 


8  THIRD  KEGISTBATIOX   UEPOllT. 

but  as  yet  no  satisfactory  results  have  been  attained  in  this 
direction.  These  counties  are  far  removed  firom  direct  oom- 
munication,  and  are  composed,  in  part,  of  islands  in  the  lakes. 
As  far  as  any  official  information  is  concerned,  it  is  impossible 
to  say  whether  or  not  people  are  bom,  given  in  marriage,  or 
die,  in  these  localities.  It  is  gratifying  to  know  that  the  num- 
ber of  counties,  townships,  and  wards  reported  delinquent  this 
year,  is  considerably  less  than  in  the  two  previous  reports. 

POPULATION. 

We  are  indebted  to  United  States  Marshals  J.  IL  Bennet 
and  James  llenry  for  the  official  figures  showing  the  popula- 
tion of  this  State,  by  counties,  for  1870,  from  which  the  vari- 
ous tables  of  percentage  contained  in  this  report  have  been 
made.  The  population  of  the  unorganized  cjounties  of  Kal- 
kasca.  Lake,  Missaukee,  Ogemaw,  Oscoda,  and  Presque  Isle, 
was  added  to  that  of  the  organized  counties  to  which  they  are 
attached,  and  from  which  the  returns  of  births,  marriages  and 
deaths,  in  said  unorganized  counties,  were  received. 

The  aggregate  population  of  Michigan,  as  received  from  the 
above  sources,  is  1,190,137. 

The  proportion  of  marriages  to  total  population  is  about  1 
to  140. 

The  proportion  of  deaths  to  births  is  nearly  1  to  3. 

The  proportion  of  male  deaths  to  male  births  is  1  to  2.93. 

The  proportion  of  female  deaths  to  female  births  is  1  to  3. 

The  proportion  of  unknown  deaths  to  unknown  births  is  1 
to  1.48.  , 

The  above  proportions  have  been  worked  out  from  the 
following  table: 


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BIRTHS. 


The  average  number  of  births  within  several  specified  pcnods 
of  time  is  as  follows : 

Year 27,098 

Month 2,257.75 

Week 521.01 

Day 73.95 

Of  the  27,093  children  born,  13,572  were  males,  12,488  were 
females^  and  64  sex  not  given.  The  parents  of  12,093  children 
were  bom  in  the  United  States ;  the  parents  of  8,043  children 
were  bom  in  foreign  countries;  1,219  children  were  born  of 
American  fathers  and  foreign  mothers;  1,904  children  were 
horn  of  foreign  fathers  and  American  mothers,  and  the  na- 
tivity of  the  parents  of  2,8C7  was  not  returned,  or  reported  as 
unknown. 

African  and  Indian, — One  hundred  and  fifty-two  children 
(77  males  and  75  females)  were  bom  of  African  parents,  and 
seventy-two  children  (40  males  and  32  females)  were  bom  of 
Indian  parents. 

Twins, — There  were  bom  304  pairs  of  twins  (608  children), 
of  which  319  were  males  and  289  were  females. 

Triplets. — Four  sets  of  triplets  were  bom, — one  in  Barry 
county,  one  in  Calhoun  county,  one  in  Gratiot  county,  and 
one  in  Newaygo  county;  12  children,  6  boys  and  6  girls. 

Illegitimate — One  hundred  and  thirty-seven  children, — 63 
males  and  74  females. 

Still-born, — One  hundred  and  forty-one  still-births  are  re- 
ported,— 70  males,  48  females,  and  23  sex  not  given.  This 
number,  though  nearly  double  the  sum  of  still-births  for  the 
two  prcA-ious  years,  is  yet  far  from  being  correct.  In  the  rc- 
tums  of  Massachusetts  for  1868,  three  per  cent,  of  the  whole 
number  of  births  were  reported  as  still-births,  while,  in  Michi- 
gan, in  the  returns  for  1869,  only  0.52  per  cent,  of  the  total 
births  are  so  reported,  thus  proving  beyond  all  doubt  that  the 
returns  of  Michigan  are  still  incomplete. 


IG 


THIRD   KEGI8TRAT10X   REPORT. 


Return  of  still-births  made  to  this  oflBce  for  the  period 
from  January  Ist  to  December  31  st,  1869,  inclusive: 

STILL-BIRTHS. 


(OUNTIKS. 

Mala*. 

Females. 

Sex  not 
Given. 

Total. 

Allegan 

Barry 

Berrien 

1 
i 

1 

1 

1 

8 
1 

Branch 

^  . 

1 

^  ^ 

1 

Calhoun 

3 

1 

6 

10 

Cass 

^  . 

3 

2 

5 

Clinton 

_  . 

1 

.  ^ 

1 

Eaton 

^     m 

^  ^ 

2 

Genesee 

*> 

^  ^ 

_  ^ 

2 

Gratiot 

_   _ 

4 

4 

Houghton 

Ingham 

Ionia 

1 

3 

*> 

'V 

1 
4 
3 

Isabella 

»  ^ 

1 

•«  • 

1 

Kalamazoo ._ 

^  _ 

1 

6 

7 

Kent - 

3 

3 

13 

Lapeer _ 

Leelanaw 

2 
1 

1 

2 
2 

Livingston 

Macomb 

1 
1 

1 

2 
2 

Manistee 

1 

Menominee 

_   . 

_ 

1 

1 

Monroe 

3 

1 

.  _ 

4 

Oakland 

1 

1 

_ 

2 

Ontonagon 

Osceola 

1 
1 

Ottawa 

4 

2 

^  ^ 

6 

Saginaw 

Shiawassee 

1 

2 
o 

8 
1 
2 

2 

1 

1 

15 

St  Clair : 

4 

St  Joseph 

Tuscola 

2 
1 

Van  Buren 

1 

.  2 

14 

2 
1) 

3 

Washtenaw 

2 

Wayne 

23 

State 

70 

48 

23 

141 

BIRTHS. 


17 


TABLEy  showing,  by  Counties,  the  number  of  Children  born 
of  races  other  than  White,  from  January  1st  to  December 
Slst,  1869  : 


<X)rNTIES. 


Atbioak. 


Allegan . . .  •_ 

Alpena 

Barry 

Bemen 

Calhonn 

Cass _-. 

Cheboygan 

Clinton 

Eaton.. 

Emmet 

Genesee 

Qratiot 

Houghton 

Kalamazoo 

Lapeer 

Leelanaw 

LiYinG:6ton 

Manirtee 

Monroe 

Muskegon 

Newaygo 

Oakland 

Oceana 

Saginaw 

8t  Joseph 

Van  Buren 

Washtenaw 

Wayne 

Total 

3 


Halee. 


7 


1 

5 

6 

23 


1 
3 


r 


1 

2 

2 
1 
4 
3 
11 


77 


Females. 


3 

1 
6 
4 
20 
1 
1 
1 

1 

1 

I 

4 
1 

90 

o 
1 
1 
1 


8 
8 
5 


75 


IXDIAN. 


Males. 

Females. 

2 

1 
3 

1 

24 

1 

27 

■ 

•  — 

1 

1 

_  _ 

0 

2 

1 

2 

1 

40 

32 

Total. 


10 
2 

2 

11 

10 

45 

4 

1 

1 

51 

2 

1 

1 

7 

1 

13 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

4 

6 

6 

1 

13 

11 

16 


224 


IS  THIBD  RJB6ISTRATI0X   BEPOBT. 

TWINS. 

Analysis^  by  Counties j  of  the  Birthplaces  of  the  Parents  of 
ndnSj  and  the  several  occupations  of  their  Fathers, 

according  to  the  returns. 

Allegan — Nine  American,  1  Canadian,  1  American  father 
and  English  mother,  1  German  father  and  Irish  mother,  1 
Canadian  father  and  American  mother.  £leven  fathers  arc 
farmers,  one  mechanic,  one  carpenter.  Total,  13  pairs,  or  26 
children. 

Alpena — Two  Canadian.  One  father  a  farmer,  and  one  a 
laborer.    Total,  2  pairs,  or  4  children. 

Antrim — One  American.  Father  a  farmer.  Total,  1  pair, 
or  2  children. 

Barry — Three^  American,  1  German,  1  Canadian,  1  Amen* 
can  father  and  English  mother,  2  Canadian  father  and  Amen* 
can  mother,  1  parents  nnknown.  Eight  fathers  are  farraera. 
and  one  a  shoemaker.    Total,  9  pairs,  or  18  children. 

Bay — Three  American,  3  Canadian,  1  German,  1  English 
father  and  German  mother,  1  American  father  and  English 
mother,  1  German  father  and  unknown  mother.  Five  fathers 
arc  farmers,  3  laborers,  1  a  brickmaker,  and  1  a  shoemaker. 
Total,  10  pairs,  or  20  children. 

Berrien — One  American,  1  Canadian,  1  German.  One  fa- 
ther is  a  farmer,  1  a  laborer,  and  1  a  mechanic.  Total,  3  pairs, 
or  6  children. 

Branch — Three  Irish,  and  1  American.  Three  fathers  are 
farmers,  and  1  a  tailor.    Total,  4  pairs,  or  8  children. 

Calhoun — Five  Americans,  1  English,  2  German,  1  Irish,  1 
Canadian  father  and  American  mother,  1  Irish  father  and 
American  mother,  1  English  father  and  American  mother. 
Eight  fathers  are  farmers,  1  blacksmith,  1  clerk,  1  boiler* 
maker,  1  merchant.    Total,  12  pairs,  or  24  children. 

Cass — Six  American,  All  the  fathers  are  farmers.  Total, 
6  pairs,  or  12  children. 


BIBTH6.  19 

CUnton — Seven  American.  Fonr  fathers  are  farmers,  2  me- 
clianicSy  and  1  merchant    Total,  7  pairs,  or  14  children. 

Eaton — Ten  American,  1  Canadian,  1  Canadian  father  and 
American  mother,  and  1  German  father  and  American  mother, 
nine  fathers  were  farmers,  1  laborer,  1  blacksmith,  1  boot  and 
shoemaker,  and  1  tinner.    Total,  13  pairs,  or  26  children. 

Genesee — Fourteen  American,  1  English,  1  Canadian  father 
and  Irish  mother,  1  French  father  and  American  mother. 
Twelve  fathers  are  farmers,  1  joiner,  1  clerk,  1  miller,  1  tan- 
ner, t  dentist    Total,  17  pairs,  or  34  children. 

Grand  Traverse — One  Canadian  father  and  American  mo- 
ther, 1  American  father  and  Irish  mother,  and  1  unknown. 
Two  fathers  are  farmers,  1  unknown.  Total,  3  pairs,  or  6 
tihildren^ 

Gratiot — Two  American,  1  American  father  and  Canadian 
mother,  and  1  American  father  and  unknown  mother. 
Fathers  are  all  farmers.    Total,  4  pairs,  or  8  children. 

Hillsdale — Six  American.  Five  fathers  are  farmers,  and  1  a 
laborer.    Total,  6  pairs,  or  12  children. 

Houghton — Six  Irish,  1  German,  1  English.  Two  fathers 
are  laborers,  3  miners,  1  blacksmith,  1  carpenter,  1  overseer. 
Total,  8  pairs,  or  16  children. 

Ingham — Seven  American.  Four  fathers  are  farmers,  1 
painter,  1  miller,  1  horse  farrier.    Total,  7  pairs,  or  14  children. 

Ionia — Eight  American,  and  1  Irish.  Six  fathers  are  farm- 
ers, and  3  laborers.    Total,  9  pairs,  or  18  children. 

Iosco — Father  Canadian  and  mother  unknown.  Total,  1 
pair,  or  2  children. 

Isabella — One  American.  Father  a  farmer.  Total,  1  pair, 
or  2  children. 

Jackson — Four  American,  1  American  father  and  Canadian 
mother,  and  1  Irish  father  and  American  mother.  Two  fa- 
thers are  farmers,  2  mechanics,  1  grocer,  and  1  laborer.  Total, 
6  pairs,  or  12  children. 

Kalamazoo — Eight  American,  and  1  Canadian  father  and 


-ZO  THIRD   REGISTRATION   REPORT. 

American  mother.  Five  fathers  are  farmers,  1  merchant,  1 
hardware  dealer,  1  carpenter,  and  1  unknown.  Total,  9  jMurs* 
or  18  children. 

Kent — Three  American,  I  Irish,  1  Danish,  1  German  father 
and  unknown  mother,  1  American  father  and  Canadian  mo- 
ther, 1  unknown.  Seven  fathers  are  farmers,  and  1  a  saloon- 
keeper.   Total,  8  pairs,  or  16  children. 

Lapeer — Six  American,  2  German  father  and  American 
mother,  and  1  Canadian.  Six  fathers  are  farmers,  1  cooper, 
1  miller,  1  carpenter.    Total,  8  pairs,  or  16  children. 

Leelanaw — One  Bohemian.  Father  a  farmer.  Total,  1  pair, 
or  2  children. 

Lenawee — Seven  American,  1  German,  1  Swede,  1  Canadian 
father  and  Irish  mother,  1  Scotch  father  and  Irish  mother. 
Four  fathers  are  farmers,  2  laborers,  1  engineer,  1  teamster,  1 
carpenter,  1  clerk,  1  blacksmith.  Total,  eleven  pairs,  or  22 
children. 

Livingston — Three  American,  and  1  American  father  and 
unknown  mother.  Three  fathers  are  farmers,  and  1  a  manu- 
facturer.   Total,  4  pairs,  or  eight  children. 

Macomb — One  American,  1  German,  and  1  Canadian  father 
and  American  mother.  One  father  is  a  farmer,  1  laborer,  and 
1  builder.    Total,  3  pairs,  or  6  children. 

Manistee — One  American.  Father  a  farmer.  Total,  1  pair, 
or  2  children. 

Marquette — One  Scotch  father  and  Canadian  mother.  Fa- 
ther a  farmer.    Total,  1  pair,  or  2  children. 

Mason — One  English.  Father  a  farmer.  Total,  1  pair,  or 
3  children. 

Mecosta — One  Canadian  father  and  American  mother.  Fa- 
ther a  farmer.    Total,  1  pair,  or  2  children. 

Midland — One  American.  Father  a  farmer.  Total,  1  pair, 
or  2  children. 

Monroe — Two  American,  and  1  American  father  and  Cana- 
dian mother.    Fathers  all  farmers.    Total,  3  pairs,  or  6  children. 


BIRTHS.  :il 

Montcalm — One  Danish.  Father  a  fanner.  Total,  1  pair, 
or  2  children. 

Muskegon — One  German,  2  American,  1  Hollander,  1  Nor- 
wegian, 1  father  Prince  Edward  Islander  and  mother  Ameri- 
can. One  father  is  a  farmer,  1  carpenter,  1  painter,  1  saloon- 
keeper, and  1  laborer.    Total,  6  pairs,  or  12  children. 

Netoaygo — Three  American,  and  1  Canadian.  Fathers  all 
farmers.  -  Total,  4  pairs,  or  8  children. 

Oakland — Three  American,  1  German,  1  Irish,  1  English 
father  and  Canadian  mother,  and  1  Scotch  father  and  Cana- 
dian mother.  Six  fathers  are  farmers,  and  one  unknown. 
Total,  7  pairs,  or  14  children. 

Oceana — ^Three  American.  Two  fathers  are  farmers,  and  1 
attorney.    Total  3  pairs,  or  6  children. 

Ontonagon — One  Irish,  and  1  Canadian  father  and  American 
mother.  One  father  a  miner,  and  one  a  carpenter.  Total,  2. 
pairs,  or  4  children. 

Osceola — One  German,  and  1  American  father  and  Canadian 
mother.    Fathers  are  farmers.    Total,  2  pairs,  or  fonr  children. 

Ottawa — Three  American,  and  one  Netherlander.      Two 
fothers  are  farmers,  1  wheelwright,  and  1  master  of  propeller^ 
Total,  4  pairs,  or  8  children. 

Saginaw — One  American,  4  German,  1  Scotch,  1  Bavarian, 
1  Irish  fSather  and  American  mother,  1  American  father  and 
anknown  mother,  and  1  Scotch  father  and  English  mother. . 
Fonr  fathers  are  farmers,  3  laborers,  1  shoemaker,  1  saloon- 
keeper, and  1  teamster.    Total,  10  pairs,  or  20  children. 

Sanilac — One  Irish,  1  Canadian  father  and  English  mother,. 
1  Canadian,  1  Canadian  father  and  American  mother,  and  1 
American  father  and  Canadian  mother.     Fonr  fathers  are 
farmers,  and  1  a  blacksmith.    Total,  5  pairs,  or  10  children.. 

Shiawassee — Seven  American,  and  1  Irish.    Six  fathers  are 
farmers,  1  laborer  and  1  blacksmith.    Total,  8  pairs,  or  IG 
children. 

St.  Clair — Three  American,  3  Canadian,  1  Irish,  2  Canadian 


22  THIBD   REGISTRATION  REPORT. 

father  and  American  mother,  and  1  Irish  father  and  Ganadian 
mother.    Six  fathers  are  farmers,  3  laborers,  and  1  Jnstice  of 
the  Peace.    Total,  10  pairs,  or  20  children. 

8L  Joseph^-^ine  American,  and  1  German.  Six  fathers  are 
farmers,  1  cooper,  1  lumberman,  1  tailor,  and  1  laborer.  Total, 
10  pairs,  or  20  children. 

Tuscola — One  German,  and  1  American  father  and  Irish 
mother.    Fathers  are  farmers.    Total,  2  pairs,  or  4  children. 

Fan  Buren — Five  American,  2  American  father  and  Gana- 
dian mother,  and  1  unknown.  Seven  fathers  are  fanners,  and 
1  maaon.    Total,  8  pairs,  or  16  children. 

Washtenaw — One  American,  and  1  Irish.  One  father  is  a 
laborer,  and  1  manufacturer.    Total,  2  pairs,  or  4  children. 

Wayne — Seven  American,  1  Ganadian,  3  German,  3  Irish,  1 
Prussian,  1  Bohemian  father  and  Prussian  mother,  1  Swiss 
father  and  Bavarian  mother,  and  1  unknown.  Four  fathers 
are  laborers,  1  farmer,  2  cabinet-makers,  1  peddler,  1  doctor,  1 
gardener,  1  miller,  1  tinsmith,  1  clerk,  1  mason,  1  salesman,  1 
carpenter,  1  brewer,  and  1  unknown.  Total,  18  pairs,  or  36 
children. 

TRIPLETS. 

Four  sets  of  triplets  are  returned,  viz^ 

1.  Three  boys,  bom  in  Baltimore,  Barry  county,  Michigan, 
August  23, 1869.  Father  and  mother  natives  of  Ohio.  Father 
a  farmer. 

2.  Two  boys  and  one  girl,  bom  in  Emmet,  Galhoun  county. 
May  5, 1869.  Father  an  Indianian  and  a  cooper.  Mother  a 
New  Yorker. 

3.  Three  girls,  bom  in  North  Star,  Gratiot  county,  March 
9,  1869.  Father  an  Englishman  and  a  farmer.  Mother  an 
American. 

4.  One  boy  and  two  girls,  bom  in  Sheridan,  Newaygo 
county,  June  6, 1869.  Father  a  Pennsylvanian  and  a  farmer. 
Mother  a  native  of  Ohio. 


BIRTHS.'  ZS 

ILLEGITIMATE  CHILDREK. 

Analysisy  ky  Counties,  of  the  Birthplaces  of  the  Parents  of 
Illegitimate  Children,  according  to  the  Returns. 

Allegan — Three  children;  1  American,  1  father  unknown 
and  American  mother,  1  father  mnknown  and  Canadian  mother. 

Alpena — One  child.    Parents  Canadians. 

Berrien— T^\\Q  children ;  4  American,  and  1  father  unknown 
and  American  mother. 

Branch — One  child;  father  unknown  and  Irish  mothen 

Calhoun — Seven  children ;  1  American,  5  fathers  unknown 
and  mothers  Amencan,  and  1  German  father  and  American 
mother. 

Cass — One  child;  father  unknown  and  American  mother. 

Emmet — Ten  children;  all  Indians. 

Houghton — Two  children;  mothers,  1  Irish  and  1  English. 
Fathers  unknown. 

Huron — Two  children ;  1  Canadian,  and  1  father  unknown 
and  Canadian  mother. 

Ingham — Three  children ;  1  American,  2  fathers  unknown 
and  American  mothers. 

Ionia — Two  children;  1  unknown  father  and  American 
mother,  and  1  parents  unknown. 

Iosco — One  child;  parents  unknown. 

Isabella — Two  children;  fathers  unknown  and  American 
mothers. 

Jackson — One  child ;  father  unknown  and  American  mother. 

Kalamazoo — Three  children ;  2  American,  1  father  unknown 
and  American  mother. 

Kent — Four  children;  4  unknown  fathers  and  American 
mothers. 

Lenaicee — Eight  children ;  3  American,  2  fathers  unknown 
and  American  mothers,  1  father  unknown  and  German  mother, 
and  2  unknown. 

Livingston — One  child;  American  father  and  unknown 
mother. 


24  THIRD   KE^ISTRATION   REPORT. 

Macomb — Three  children;  1  American,  and  'i  unknown 
fathers  and  German  mothers. 

Mecosta — One  child ;  Canadian. 

Midland — Two  childi-en;  1  unknown  father  and  English 
mother,  and  1  American. 

Monroe — Four  children;  2  American,  and  "i  unknown. 

Montcalm — One  child ;  parents  unknown. 

Oakland — Seven  children;  1  nnkno^m  father  and  American 
mother,  and  6  unknown. 

Oceana — Two  childi'en:  unknown  fathers  and  Merman 
mothers. 

Ontonagon — One  child;  father  unknown  and  American 
mother. 

Ottawa — Three  children;  1  American,  1  father  unknown 
and  American  mother,  and  1  father  unknown  and  mother  a 
Hollander. 

Saginaw — Eight  children ;  1  English  father  and  American 
mother,  1  father  unknown  and  German  mother,  2  fathers  un- 
known and  American  mothers,  1  father  American  and  mother 
unknown,  and  four  unknown. 

Sanilac — One  child;  father  unknown  and  Canadian  mother. 

Shiawassee — One  child;  father  nnknown  and  Americaji 
mother. 

St.  Clair — One  child;  father  unknown  and  Canadian  mother. 

St.  Joseph — Six  children ;  4  American,  and  1  pair  of  twine, 
father  unknown  and  mother  American. 

Washtenaw — Seven  children;  3  American,  2  unknown  fa- 
ther  and  American  mother,  1  American  father  and  unknown 
mother,  and  1  unknown. 

Wayne — Twenty  children ;  1  American,  !•  Canadian,  1  Ger- 
man, 1  Polander,  7  unknown  father  and  Canadian  mother, 
4  nnknown  fathers  and  American  mothers,  1  Canadian  father 
and  American  mother,  1  unknown  father  and  Prussian  mother, 
and  2  unknown. 

Wexford — One  child;  American. 


• 


BIRTHS.  *Z9 

BIRTHS   FOB  SPECIFIED   PERIODh!. 

Qnarter  ending  March,  1869 5,415 

"       June,  1869 6,348 

September,  1869 7,879 

December,  1869 7,381 

The  month  of  August  has  the  largest  number  of  births  for 
one  month,  2,731 ;  and  the  month  of  January  the  least,  1,658. 

The  percentage  of  the  parents  of  children  bom,  is: 

American  .  _ 48 .  20 

Foreign :..  29.69 

American  fatlier  and  foreign  mother 4. 49 

Foreign  father  and  American  mother 7. 03 

Unknown  nativity  of  parents 10 .  59 

Compared  with  tlie  reports  for  the  last  two  years,  the  pro- 
portion of  American  births  is  4.01  per  cent  less  than  1868, 
and  10.08  per  cent  less  than  1867.  The  proportion  of  foreign 
births  is  4.36  per  cent  less  than  in  1868,  and  3.42  per  cent 
greater  than  in  1867.  The  proportion  of  American  fathers 
and  foreign  mothers  is  0.07  per  cent  greater  than  1868,  and 
0.01  per  cent  less  than  1867.  The  proportion  of  foreign 
fathers  and  American  mothers  is  0.24  per  cent  less  than  1868, 
and  0.12  per  cent  less  than  1867.  And  the  proportion  of 
those  whose  nativity  is  unknown  is  8 .  54  per  cent  greater  than 
1868,  and  6. 79  per  cent  greater  than  1867. 

From  the  above  it  appears  that  tlie  percentage  of  American 
births,  as  compared  with  the  whole  number  of  iJirths  in  the 
State,  is  gradually  decreasing.  Of  the  7,199  births  reported 
for  the  counties  of  Houghton,  Ottawa,  Saginaw,  Sanilac,  St 
Clair,  and  Wayne,^  59 .  57  per  cent,  were  foreign,  making  a 
larger  number  of  foreign  births  for  these  six  counties  than  for 
any  other  twelve  counties  in  the  State. 

The  proportion  of  births  to  the  total  papulation,  according 
to  the  census  of  1870,  is  nearly  1  to  44. 

The  proportion  of  triplets  to  the  whole  number  of  children 
bom  in  Michigan  is  1  to  2251f. 
4 


26  THIRD  BEOISTRATION  REPORT. 

The  proportion  of  twins  to  the  whole  number  is  about  1  to 

The  proportion  of  illegitimate  to  the  whole  number  is  nearlj 
1  to  198. 

The  proportion  of  African  children  to  the  whole  number  of 
-children  bom  is  about  1  to  178. 

The  proportion  of  Indian  children  to  the  whole  number  is 
1  to  376  7-24. 


BIRTHS. 


^ 


TABLE 

Percentage  of  Births  by  Counties  and  State  to  Population  of 

Counties  and  State, 


C0UNTIB5. 


Aleona 

Anegan 

Alpena 

Antrim 

Barry 

Bay 

Bcnxie 

Biaiien 

Blanch 

Calhoun 

Caw 

Cfharleroix 

Cheboygan 

Chippewa 

Clinton 

Delta 

Baton 

Emmet 

Clenesee 

Grand  Trarerse. 

Oiatiot 

Hillsdale 

Honghton 

Hnron 

Ingham 

Ionia 

Iosco 

Isabella 

Jaduon 

Kalamazoo 

Kent 

Keweenaw 

Lapeer 

Loelanaw 

Lenawee 

LiringBton 

Mackinac 

Macomb 


Total 

Total 

Births. 

Population. 

4 

780 

608 

82451 

84 

8,111 

M 

2,409 

542 

22,070 

2«4 

15,900 

21 

2,1S4 

MS 

85,010 

529 

,    28,244 

7M 

88,172 

524 

21,097 

41 

1,724 

54 

2,197 

.... 

1,890 

889 

22,R88 

•  •  •  • 

2,441 

825 

25,190 

88 

1,211 

708 

88,910 

182 

4,448 

280 

17,969 

892 

81,705 

522 

18,905 

240 

9,068 

518 

25,281 

817 

27,878 

51 

8,187 

118 

4,479 

887 

88,082 

789 

82,088 

1,007 

50,880 

.... 

4,208 

408 

21,855 

188 

4,578 

744 

45,885 

444 

19,889 

.... 

1,716 

882 

27,817 

0.58 
2.15 
2.7t 
2.82 
2.48 
1.88 
0.98 
1.88 
2.01 
2.08 
2.48 
2.8T 
2.» 

»  •  «  * 

2,74 

8.48 

5.28 
2.0T 
2.9T 
1.68 
2.» 
8.7» 
2.85 
2.M 
2.19 
1.81 
2.62 
1.84 
2.88 
2.81 

1.91 
2.98 
1.68 
2.29 

«  •  •  « 

2.88 


28 


THIRD   BBGISTRATION   REPORT. 


TABLE— CONTINUBD. 


COUNTIES. 


ManiBtee 

Maniton ^ 

Marquette 

Mason 

Mecosta 

Menominee 

Midland ' 

Monroe 

Montcalm 

Muskegon 

Newaygo..., 

Oakland 

Oceana 

Ontonagon 

Osceola 

Ottawa 

Saginaw 

Sanilac 

Shiawassee 

St.  Clair 

St.  Joseph 

Tuscola 

Van  Bnren 

Washtenaw 

Wayne 

Wexford 

State 


Total 
Births. 


161 

997 

69 

180 

42 

9H 

605 

259 

d99 

208 

706 

18d 

117 

75 

681 

1,080 

840 

622 

872 

519 

292 

605 

711 

8«704 

19 


27,098 


Total 
Population. 


6,074 

891 

14,982 

8,266 

5,645 

1,896 

3,821 

27,486 

18,661 

14,899 

7,294 

40,898 

7,222 

2,895 

2,666 

26,658 

88,902 

14,564 

20,866 

86,887 

26,669 

18,715* 

38,888 

41,449 

119,065 

710 


1,190,187 


oSci 


2.04 
2*11 

s.a» 

2.21 

2.80 

2.05 

1.90 

2.68 

2.78 

1.72 

2.60 

4.04 

2.82 

2.6» 

2.7T 

2.8» 

2.5» 

2.8T 

1.90 

2.12 

2.0» 

1.71 

8.11 

S.B(y 

2.29^ 


BIRTH.S. 


^9 


TABLE  1.— BIETHS. 
Births  by  Counties.    Percentage  of  Males  to  Females. 


Males, 

Females, 

No.  of  Males 
to  100  Fe- 
male*. 

COUNTIES. 

Per  Cent. 

Per  Cent 

Alcona .- 

25.00 
66.81 

76.00 
48.69 

88 

AUcgaa 

129 

AJnona ,..--,_--^-  

60.00 

60.00 

100 

Antrln      - - 

60.71 
66.09 

89.29 
44.91 

169 

BaiTT            ... _,-.    .--  - - 

116 

Bar               

48.86 
86.00 
68.28 
61.62 
60.20 
62.50 
46.84 

61.14 
46.00 
46.72 
48.48 
49.60 
47.50 
68.66 

96 

Benzie       

122 

n0W^0if%           _--_....__.-■.■■.■■-  -■...--••■.^■■•-■-•■•-wi ^ 

114 

Brao^ - 

106 

Otlhonn .._„.,,--,..,-. 

109 

Case 

110 

Charlevoix 

86 

Cheboygan 

51.86 

48.16 

107 

Chippewa 

••••■" 

... 

Clinton. 

61.66 

66.91 
46.8i 
60.48 
60.00 
66.04 
49.71* 

4S.48 

44.09 
68.12 
49.67 
40.00 
44.96 
60.29 

106 

Delta 

Raton 

8» 

Emm*^ ,,?....,..... r--.-           ..r-r. 

88 

Qcneaee. 

101 

Grand  Traverse... 

160 

Oratiot 

122 

98 

Hooghton 

61.28 

48.77 

106 

47.92 
66.62 

62.08 
44.88 

92 

Tnsrhftm .   

126 

"  ft        .......... .. 

66.61 
M.OO 
64.87 
68.92 
64.50 

44.89 

45.10, 

46.18 

46.08 

46.41 

108 

Iosco 

121 

121 

Jackson 

116 

120 

Kent 

61.64 

48.46 

106 

lAp^er 

60.98 

49.02 

104 

68.88 

41.67 

181 

Lenawee 

47.78 

62.22 

91 

52.26 

47.75 

109 

Mackinac 

... 

54.08 

46.92 

117 

30 


THIRD   REQISTBJLTION  REPORT. 


TABLE  I— Continued, 


COUNTIES. 


MAniBtee... 

MmnltoQ 

Marqaette.. 

Xamii 

Meoosta 

MeDominee. 
Midlands... 

MoBToe 

Montcalm.. 
Mnakagon.. 
Newaygo... 
Oakland.... 

Oceana 

Ontonagon. 

Oflceola 

Ottawa 

Saginaw 

Sanilac 

Shiawaatee. 
St.  Clair.... 
St  Joseph . . 

Tnaoola 

VanBoren.. 
Waahtenaw. 

Wayne 

Wexford 


Malo«, 
Per  Cent. 

Fcmalea, 
Per  Cent. 

S6 

£>8.4S 

46.5a 

114 

M.98 

18.07 

182 

50.72 

49.28 

102 

48.46 

51.60 

04 

M.7S 

45.24 

121 

GiM 

47.81 

111 

00.05 

49.85 

106 

54.S2 

45.13 

121 

40.71 

68.21 

166 

55.66 

44.84 

125 

52.56 

47.44 

110 

56J» 

41.61 

189 

48.78 

51.27 

90 

48.00 

52.00 

75 

51.88 

48.62 

105 

50.69 

49.81 

102 

54.57 

45.48 

120 

54.80 

45.11 

121 

52.07 

47.96 

108 

87.88 

62.17 

110 

50.17 

49.68 

100 

52.07 

47.98 

106 

40.79       i 

60.21 

96 

51.98 

48.02 

108 

52.68 

47.87 

111 

BIRTHS. 


31 


TABLE  II— BIRTHS. 

Exhibiting  the  Sex,  condition  {as  twin  or  illegitimate^  and 
Parentage  of  Children  born  in  the  several  Counties  during 
the  period  from  Jan,  Ist  to  Decetnber  Slst,  1869,  inclusive. 


• 

Skz. 

1 
1 

1    COHDITION. 

Nativity  of  Pabxhts. 

S 

z 
1 

'A 

.,. 1 

* 

^              ( 

OOUNTIBS. 

• 

s 

-a 

• 

• 

o 
a 

a 

Twl 

• 

Ins. 

• 

§ 

lU 

• 

s 

-a 

§ 

• 

8 

< 

t 

Am.  Fa. 
For.  Mo. 

For.  Fa. 
Am.  Mo. 

• 

g 

o 
a 

1 

Aloona 

4 

1 

867 

8 
287 

1 

889 

208 

2 

22 

1 
88 

AIl«gan 

"1 
4 

18 

9 

2 

1 

41 

Alpena 

U 

85 

42 

.. 

4 

• . .  • 

1 

^  ^ 

20 

60 

5 

Antrim 

M 

84 

20 

..1 

.... 

2 

.. 

^  ^ 

29 

17 

5 

5 

Bairy 

5tS 

279 

286 

.. 

11 

10 

1 

a 

879 

61 

26 

62 

14 

fl»7 

264 

120 

124 

.. 

9 

11 

.. 

.. 

92 

122 

16 

22 

12 

Benxle 

21 

11 

9 

1 

•  •  •  • 

•  •*• 

«  • 

.. 

18 

5 

8 

Berrien .  ~ . . . . 

642 

882 

286 

% 

2 

4 

2 

8 

482 

182 

28 

48 

7 

Branch. 

029 

266 

258 

1 

5 

8 

1 

.. 

418 

87 

17 

27 

80 

OUboan 

786 

846 

845 

1 

15 

18 

9 

5 

507 

112 

84 

60 

88 

Oaae 

S24 
41 
54 

241 
19 
25 

219 
22 

25 

6 

7 

5 

488 
17 
18 

29 
14 
21 

18 
6 
2 

80 
4 
8 

19 

Charlevoix . . 

Cheboygan... 
•ChioDewa. 

5 

Clinton 

689 

819 

808 

10 

6 

414 

108 

89 

68 

29 

*Ddta 

Baton 

620 

288 

814 

1 

10 

10 

519 

28 

28 

88 

22 

Anmet 

68 

1 

1 

^  . 

•  •  *  • 

•  •  *  * 

4 

o! 

50 

1 

n 

4 

2 

Oeneeee 

708 

885 

881 

1 

17 

15 

1 

1 

445 

110 

86 

61 

51 

Grand  Trar.. 

188 

72 

52 

a 

6 

•  •  •  • 

.. 

58 

87 

12 

16 

9 

Gfatiot 

280 

151 

115 

^ 

2 

9 

^  ^ 

•  • 

196 

28 

18 

25 

28 

HOIadale 

692 

888 

842 

6 

6 

.. 

.. 

682 

51 

■     16 

85 

8 

Hooghton.  .. 

C22 

268 

285 

8 

8 

2 

« • 

87 

478 

8 

6 

a 

Huron 

840 

118 

125 

•  •  »  • 

-  •*  « 

2 

^  ^ 

24 

m 

15 

28 

1 

Ingham 

548 

298 

288 

8 

6 

1 

420 

62 

22 

40 

9 

Ionia 

617 

805 

292 

9 

9 

^  ^ 

2 

428 

78 

82 

62 

22 

loaeo 

51 

26 

22 

2 

•  •  •  * 

.. 

1 

7 

8 

4 

5 

27 

liabella 

118 

60 

48 

1 

1 

1 

55 

10 

5 

10 

88 

Jackson 

667 

849 

802 

8 

9 

8 

•  • 

a* 

422 

128 

82 

61 

29 

789 
1007 

884 

602 

817 
480 

10 
2 

10 
12 

8 
6 

1 
4 

i 

489 
427 

164 

168 

28 
47 

65 
68 

48 

Kent 

807 

•Keweenaw 

Lapeer 

408 

200 

188 

8 

10 

.. 

.. 

200 

80 

41 

54 

88 

188 

66 

51 

1, 

8 

•  •  *  * 

.  , 

. , 

46 

67 

8 

9 

4 

*  Not  retnmed. 


THIKD   RKQISTRATIOX    BEPORT. 


TABLE  II— CoNTiNUBi). 


1 

TOUNTIKS. 

j 

LeMwee 

T44 

UrtngiloD... 

•)l*±ln»c... 

KKomb 

on 

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State 

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34 


THIRD  BEGISTHATION    REPORT. 


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35 


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36 


THIBD  BBGISTKATIOH    BEPOKT. 


P 
H 


O 

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n 
o 


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t     eo 


•  •  •  •     t" 

•  •  •  •       91 

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•qwif 


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sss^g^^^sss- 


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8    S    2    « 

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S 


04 


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S    5;    S    g     : 


60  • 


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to 


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09 


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O      CD      oS      00      QD      CC 


4 


a 

§ 

a 
> 


^ 


^     S     o 

S     «s      o 
^     ^     ^ 


MARRIAGES. 


The  number  of  marriages  from  January  Ist  to  December 
3l8t,  1869,  was  8,459,  or  16,918  persons  married.  Four  thou- 
sand nine  hundred  and  forty-nine  couples  were  bom  in  the 
United  Slates;  1,620  couples  were  bom  in  various  foreign 
countries;  506  couples  were  American  male  and  foreign  fe- 
male; 895  couples  were  foreign  male  and  American  female, 
and  489  couples  whose  nativity  was  not  stated  in  the  returns. 

Seventy-four  AfricaB  and  33  Indian  couples  were  married. 

Four  thousand  three  hundred  and  ninety  persons  were 
married  under  21  years  of  age,  as  follows: 

Three  hundred  and  four  males  aged  20;  136  males  aged  19 ; 
51  males  aged  18;  10  males  aged  17,  and  1  male  aged  16. 
Total,  502. 

Eight  hundred  females  aged  20;  880  females  aged  19;  960 
females  aged  18;  676  females  aged  17;  462  females  aged  16; 
87  females  aged  15;  21  females  aged  14;  2  females  aged  13, 
and  1  female  aged  10.    Total,  3,889. 

The  largest  number  of  persons  (6,490)  were  married  be- 
tween the  ages  of  20  and  25;  the  second  greater  number 
(3,522)  between  the  ages  of  25  and  30 ;  and  3,471  were  mar- 
ried under  20  years  of  age.  The  oldest  couple  married  was 
composed  of  a  farmer  aged  72,  and  a  woman  aged  80.  The 
youngest  couple,  a  young  man  aged  22,  and  a  girl  aged  10. 

The  greatest  monthly  return  of  marriages  was  for  January, 
— 810 ;  the  least  number  for  December, — 563. 


« 

(6 


38  THIKD   REGISTRATION   REPORT. 

The  number  of  marriages  for  each  quarter  is  as  follows: 

Quarter  ending  March,  1 869 2,1 67 

«            «      June,  1869 2,097 

"      September,  1869 2,154 

"      December,  1869 2,024 

Date  of  marriage  not  stated 17 

The  following  is  the  percentage  of  nativities  of  i)er8on8 
married,  viz: 

American 58. 51 

Foreign 19.15 

American  male  and  foreign  female 5.98 

Foreign  male  and  American  female 10.68 

Nativity  unknown 5 .78 

The  number  of  Indians  married  in  proportion  to  the  whole 
number  of  marriages  is  as  1  to  256^. 

'   The  number  of  Africans  married,  in  proportion  to  all  mar- 
riages, is  nearly  1  to  115. 

The  following  analysis  shows  the  percentage  of  persons 
married  at  certain  periods  of  life,  including  both  sexes: 

Under  20  years 20 .  527 

From  20  to  25  years 38.362 

25to30     "     20.818 

30to35     "     7.678 

35  to  40     "     4.102 

40to45     "     2.293 

45to50-   "     1.714 

50  to  55     *'     1 1.099 

55to60     "     .715 

60to65     "     437 

65to70     "     218 

70  to  75     " .124 

75to80     "     047 

Over  80  years 004 

Unknown  ages 1.862 


MABRIAOES.  *  39 

Among  the  remarkable  features  in  the  returns  of  marriages 
is  the  difference  shown  in  the  ages  of  the  parties  joined. 
Below  is  given  a  synopsis  of  the  marriages  exhibiting  the 
greatest  disparity  in  age,  also  showing  the  occupation  of  the 
bridegroom : 

A  llegan — Man  aged  72,  chairmaker,  married  to  woman  aged  60 

Alpetia — Man  31,  lumberman,  woman  40. 

Barry — Man  76,  unknown,  woman  36. 

Bay — Man  65,  laborer,  woman  63. 

Berrien — Boy  17,  farmer,  girl  19. 

Branch — Boy  18,  farmer,  girl  17. 

Calhoun — Boy  18,  farmer,  girl  16. 

Cass — Boy  17,  farmer,  girl  16. 

Clinton — Man  64,  farmer,  woman  54. 

Eaton — Man  22,  mason,  girl  10. 

Emmet — Boy  19,  laborer,  girl  18. 

Genesee — Boy  19,  laborer,  girl  16. 

Grand  Traverse — Man  63,  farmer,  woman  53. 

Gratiot — Man  66,  farmer,  woman  51. 

Hillsdale — Man  38,  clerk,  woman  69. 

Houghton — Man  24,  miner,  woman  30. 

Huron — Man  56,  minister  of  the  gospel,  woman  53. 

Ingham — Boy  19,  farmer,  woman  25. 

Ionia — Man  70,  blacksmith,  woman  70. 

Iosco — Boy  19,  sailor,  girl  17. 

Isabella — Boy  17,  farmer,  woman  25. 

Jackson — Man  67,  merchant,  woman  52. 

Kalamazoo — Boy  20,  farmer,  woman  47. 

Kent — Man  49,  farmer,  woman  78. 

Lapeer — Boy  17,  farmer,  girl  14. 

Leelanaw — Boy  20,  farmer,  girl  14. 

Lenawee — Man  65,  farmer,  woman  55. 

Livingston — Man  72,  farmer,  woman  80. 

Macomb — Man  73,  farmer,  woman  62. 

Manistee — Boy  18,  farmer,  girl  16. 


40  THIBD  REGISTBATION   REPOBT. 

Marquette — Man  32,  laborer,  woman  45. 
Mason — Man  23,  farmer,  woman  33. 
Mecosta — Boy  16,  farmer,  girl  16. 
Midland — Boy  18,  farmer,  girl  17. 
Monroe — Man  25,  laborer,  woman  59. 
Montcalm — Man  76,  farmer,  woman  67. 
Muskegon — Man  25,  farmer,  girl  14. 
Newaygo — Man  67,  farmer,  woman  56. 
Oakland — Man  38,  farmer,  woman  60. 
Oceana — Man  50,  mechanic,  girl  19. 
Ontonagon — Man  26,  sailor,  girl  13. 
Osceola — Man  29,  farmer,  girl  17. 
Ottawa — Man  50,  farmer,  girl  17. 
Saginatv — Man  71,  painter,  woman  71. 
Sanilac — Man  24,  farmer,  woman  34. 
Shiawassee — Man  66,  B,  B.  employe,  woman  24. 
St.  Clair — Boy  18,  farmer,  girl  18. 
St.  Joseph — Man  61,  farmer,  woman  61. 
ISiscola — Man  76,  carpenter,  woman  24. 
Van  Buren — Man  67,  farmer,  woman  72. 
Washtenaw — Boy  19,  farmer,  girl  14. 
Wayne — Man  40,  unknoAvn,  girl  15. 
Wexford — Boy  19,  farmer,  girl  16. 


MARRIAQES. 


41 


The  following  comprehensive  table  exhibits  the  ages  respec- 
tively of  all  the  parties  married  during  the  time  embraced  in 
this  report: 


AQES 

4 

^OES 

or  Pbm ALB8 

• 

1     I     i     1 

or 
MALES. 

• 

a 

• 

87 

2 
3 

• 

B 

• 

I 

5 

s 
s 

• 

$ 

o 

s 

2 

2 

t 

2 

O 

• 

a 

I 

a 

• 

% 
•3 

Under  20 

170 

5 

221 

«  toi6 

1,8W 

1,898 

179 

80 

5 

1 

-- 

0 

-- 

-- 

-- 

-- 

24 

8,580 

45  to  80 

787 

1,087 

in 

78 

22 

2 

-- 

1 

.. 

-- 

•- 

12 

.2,461 

80  to  85. 

IM 

828 

282 

1^ 

88 

S 

2 

■  « 

.. 

.. 

8 

887 

85  to  40 ' 

57 

118 

111 

95 

44 

19 

9 

-- 

.. 

.- 

.. 

1 

456 

40  to  45 

1 

18 

24 

«S 

41 

45 

81 

18 

5 

•  - 

.. 

-- 

.- 

.... 

260 

45  to  50 ' 

6 

17 

82 

89 

41 

80 

19 

7 

8 

•  . 

-- 

1 

1 

196 

50  to  56 

8 

8 

10 

20 

80 

25 

18 

12 

4 

-- 

.. 

.... 

181 

55  to  00 

8 

4 

7 

14 

11 

17 

12 

8 

.- 

-- 

.... 

77 

«  to  06 

1 

8 

1 

6 

6 

11 

9 

-- 

• . .  • 

52 

65  to  70 

1 

1 

2 
1 

6 
2 

5 

4 
1 

10 
8 

2 
8 

1 
2 

1 

.... 

84 

TO  to  75 

19 

75  to  80 ' 

1 

Over  80.    . 

1 
Unknown ' 

1 

1 

2 

1 
442 

248 

180 

96 

57 

88 

fil 

5 

8 

2 

1 

185 
176 

189 

Total  FemalM. 

1 

8,107 

8,015 

1,115 

8,450 

5.93  per  cent  of  the  males,  or  about  1  in  16,  were  married 
under  the  age  of  21  years. 

45.98  per  cent  of  the  females,  or  nearly  1  in  2^,  were  mar- 
ried before  reaching  the  2l8t  year. 
5 


42 


THIRD   R£Gl6TBATI02i    REPORT. 


TABLE  L— MARRIAGES- 

Showing^  hy  Counties,  the  number  of  Marriages  in  which  the 
Races  of  the  parties  were  other  than   White: 


COUNTIKS. 


AUefstn 

Antrim 

Bay 

Beirfcn 

Cass 

Clinton 

Emmet 

Genesee . . . 

Oratlot 

Isabella 

Jackion 

Kalamazoo . 
Loclanaw... 
Lenawee... 
Livingston. 
Marqnctte^ 
Newaygo .. 
Oakland.... 

Oceana 

Ottawa 

Baglnaw.... 
8t.  CUlr... 
Van  Baren. 
Waahtenaw 
Wayne 

State.... 


RACES. 

Afbicax. 

llTMAX 

9 

1 

4 

1 

—  • 

12 

-- 

1 

•  - 

•  • 

19 

1 

1 

•  - 

3 

8 

.- 

2 

1 

1 

5 

-• 

1 

8 

-- 

1 

•  . 

1 

1 

4 

S4 

-- 

74 

88 

HARKIAGKS. 


43 


TABLE  II. 

£xhibiiing  by  Couniies  and  by  State,  the  percentage  of  Mar- 
riages to  Population. 


COUNTIBS. 


Alcooa 

All^an 

Alpena 

Antrim 

Barry 

Bay 

Benzie 

Berrien 

Branch 

Calboon 

Ct»8 

Cluu-levoiz 

Cheboygan 

Chippewa 

Clinton 

Delta 

Eaton 

Emmet 

Geneaee 

Grand  Traverse. 

Gratiot 

HUladale 

Hoaghton 

Hnron 

Ingham 

Ionia 

loaeo 

laabella 

Jackaon 

Kalamazoo 

Kent 


Total 
Marriages. 


5 

860 

A-i 

14 

140 

86 

13 

814 

286 

164 

140 

6 

15 


156 


148 

12 

248 

81 

90 

328 

68 

67 

16S 

206 

14 

83 

286 

281 

505 


ToUl 
Population. 


760 

82,151 

8,111 

3,400 

22,070 

15,900 

2,184 

85,010 

26,244 

86,172 

21,097 

1,724 

2,197 

1,690 

22,8S6 

2,441 

25,190 

1,211 

88,910 

4,448 

17,869 

81,705 

18,906 

9,058 

25,281 

27.676 

8,167 

4,479 

86,082 

82,068 

50,880 


Percent,  of 

Marriaffee 

to  Popiua'n 


0.65 
0.80 
1.85 
0.58 
0.68 
0.54 
0.54 
089 
0.89 
0.45 
0.70 
0.84 
0.68 


0.68 


0.56 
0.99 
0.78 
0.69 
0J50 
0.61 
0.45 
0.74 
0.66 
0.74 
0.44 
0.71 
0.65 
0.71 
1.00 


u 


THIRD   BEGISTRATIOK   REPORT. 


TABLE  II— Continued. 


CX)UNTIE8. 


Keweenaw 

Lapeer 

Leelanftw 

Lenawee 

Livingston 

Mackinac ^ 

Macomb 

Manistee 

Maniton 

Marquette 

Mason....  .*■*...>..... 

Mecosta _ 

Menominee 

Midland 

Monroe 

Montcalm 

Muskegon 

Newaygo 

Oakland 

Oceana 

Ontonagon 

Osceola : 

OtUwa 

Saginaw 

Sanilac 

Shiawassee 

St,  Clair 

St.  Joseph 

Tuscola 

VanBuren 

Washtenaw 

Wayne 

Wexford 

State _ 


Total 
Marriaces. 


189 
42 

119 


161 
68 


'  76 
27 
74 
11 
27 

218 
88 

158 
58 

880 

15 
15 

in 

192 

91 

129 

2U 

289 

74 

179 

800 

904 

4 


ToUl 
Population. 


8,450 


4,206 
21,856 
4,576 
45,685 
19,889 
1,716 
27,617 
6,074 
891 
14,982 
8,266 
5,645 
1,898 
8,821 
27,486 
18,661 
14,899 
7,994 
40,898 
7,222 
2,896 
2,658 
26,658 
88,902 
14,564 
20,856 
86,887 
26,669 
18,715 
28.888 
41,449 
119,065 
740 


Percent,  of 

Marriagea 

to  Popua^n 


1,190,187 


0.6ft 
0.91 

o.n 

0.61 


0.66 
l.ll 


0.50 
0.80 
1.81 
0J» 
0.81 

O.n 

0.66 

1.02 

0.72 

0.80 

0.88 

0J» 

0.56 

0.66 

0.46 

0.62 

0.61 

0.71 

l.OS 

0.58 

0.02 

0.72 

0.76 

0.56 


0.6S 


MARRIAGES. 


45 


TABLE  III— MABEIAGES. 

Distinguishing  by  Counties   and  by  Months,  ths  number  of 
Marriages  Registered  from  January  1st  to  December 

31st,  1869,  inclusive. 


0OUNTIE8. 


Alcona 

Allegan 

Alpena 

An^lm 

Barry 

Baj 

Benzie 

Berrien„. 

Branch 

Calhonn 

Ciw 

Cbarleroix — 

Cheboygan 

♦Chippewa 

Clinton 

♦Delta 

Eaton 

Emmet 

6enm>ec. 

Of*d  Traverse 

OraUot. 

miUdalc 

Hoaghton 

Hnron 

Ingham 

Ionia 


MONTHS. 


-I 


5 

860 

48 

U 

140 

86 

12 

314 

285 

164 

149 

6 

15 


156 


80 
1 
1 

18 
7 

86 
80 
88 
11 


19 


fa 


8 

25 

1 

11 
2 

86 
19 
11 
18 
1 
1 


17 


18 
2 
8 

15 
8 

82 
80 
19 
82 


14 


24 
5 
2 
0 

S 

29 
18 
16 
21 


21 


« 


1 
22 

7 

14 

18 

2 

26 

20 

11 

9 

1 

8 


1 
17 

1 

1 
11 

8 

23 
12 
11 

8 


18 


18 
5 

•  • 

8 
7 


5 


19 

24 

8 

10 

1 

1 


12 


tf} 


11 
6 

12 
6 

24 
18 
10 
18 
1 


11 


a 

CQ 


84 
4 
1 

11 

7 

1 

80 

26 

19 

19 

1 

2 


13 


86 
2 
8 
9 
9 

84 

26 

12 

9 


16 


0) 

I 

o 
J?5 


21 
7 
1 

17 

12 

1 

16 

15 

15 

7 

1 

1 


9 


I 


29 
1 
8 

10 
9 
8 

18 
17 

4 
6 


I 

o 
a 

•g 

U 


148 
12 

248 
81 
90 

828 
68 
67 

168 


806 
•  Not  returned. 


16 
1 

28 

4 

12 

80 

6 

5 

11 

25 


18 
4 

21 
2 
7 

81 
6 
4 

12 

18 


16 


10 


14 


19 
8 
7 

81 
8 
6 

11 

21 


26 
4 

4 

26 

4 

8 

15 

18 


21 
4 

4 

18 

8 

7 

19 

15 


82 

4 

8 

14 

7 

12 

15 


17 

8 

21 
o 

m 

6 

28 

5 

9 

14 
81 


11 
1 

28 
8 
7 

14 
6 
5 

15 

18 


12 

27 
1 
5 

16 
4 
8 

24 

17 


16 

91 
8 

12 
9 
9 
4 

18 

IS 


6 

2 

16 

1 

7 

5 

5 

7 

11 

14 


6 
1 
8 
1 

14 
6 
2 
9 
6 

11 


46 


THIBD    ttEGISTRATlON    REPORT. 


TABLE  III— Continued. 


M  O  N  T  U  S 

• 

COUNTIFS. 

No.  of 
Marriages. 

• 

t 

OS 
a 

1 

i 

• 

a 
< 

• 

B 

1 

• 
Ob 

& 

a 
< 

u 

a 

ft) 

o. 

October. 

a 

> 
o 

December. 

• 

1 

o 

a 

a 
P 

loeco 

14 
82 

4 

1 

8 

2 

1 

1 
1 

1 
5 

1 

2 

•  • 

2 

1 

1 

4 

o 

5 

2 
8 

2 

1 

Iiiabella 

1 

Jackson 

286 

26 

28 

21 

26 

26 

15 

28 

15 

18 

21 

18 

9 

— 

Kalamazoo 

281 

28 

21 

18 

17 

26 

22 

21 

20 

21 

19 

16 

7 

— 

Kent 

505 

54 

89 

40 

44 

48 

45 

*  • 

40 

22 

•  • 

86 

50 

44 

42 

1 

•Keweenaw.... 

Lapeer 

189 
42 

21 
8 

m 

( 
2 

10 
1 

17 
1 

15 

8 

11. 
8 

12 
4 

10 
2 

14 
2 

5 
5 

12 
3 

5 

4 

Leelanaw 

m   •   - 

Lenawee 

825 

84 

29 

86 

88 

21 

88 

28 

18 

29 

87 

15 

13 

•  •  •• 

Livingston 

119 

18 

12 

8 

8 

8 

12 

11 

13 

8 

14 

12 

« 



•Mackinac 

.... 

-- 

.. 

- 

.. 

.. 

•  • 

.. 

-- 

-- 



Macomb„ 

161 

21 

12 

21 

14 

10 

15 

8 

7 

16 

15 

11 

11 

... 

Manistee 

63 

11 

•  - 

2 

ft 
t 

12 

4 

2 

4 

9 

9 

4 

1 

... 

♦Manitou 



-- 

-- 

•  • 

-- 

.. 

-- 

•  « 

«  ■ 

-• 

•  • 

*  • 

... 

Marquette 

75 

-- 

1 

-- 

5 

6 

11 

7 

16 

5 

S 

12 

5 



Mason.. 

27 

5 

2 

8 

w    • 

1 

1 

1 

-- 

5 

4 

8 

2 



Mecosta 

74 

11 

7 

8 

6 

4 

7 

6 

6 

1 

6 

8 

4 

Menomlneo 

11 

•  > 

-- 

3 

.. 

1 

2 

2 

4 

-- 

♦  - 



Midland 

27 

•  • 

-. 

8 

2 

5 

.. 

4 

1 

8 

1 

1 

5 

•9 

Monroe 

218 

28 

9 

18 

18 

18 

16 

20 

14 

22 

15 

88 

17 

*    *-    • 

Montcalm 

88 

2 

4 

17 

8 

7 

5 

6 

5 

9 

S 

6 

8 

Muskegon 

158 

5 

11 

11 

18 

18 

12 

15 

16 

11 

15 

14 

15 

1 

Newaygo 

53 

8 

4 

5 

5 

4 

2 

5 

5 

4 

8 

8 

5 



Oakland 

880 

18 

88 

88 

26 

20 

18 

85 

18 

26 

84 

48 

86 

.  .  - 

Oceana 

64 
15 

9 

1 

4 

8 

4 

1 

8 

2 

4 

10 
8 

5 
8 

5 

1 

7 

1 

^1 

1 

1 

Ontonagon 

... 

Osceola 

15 

-- 

.- 

•  • 

1 

2 

1 

1 

2 

8 

1 

1 

8 



Ottawa 

177 

14 

6 

12 

17 

28 

15 

22 

11 

19 

16 

18 

4 



Saginaw 

1S2 

3 

2 

8 

4 

8 

5 

18 

21 

20 

26 

46 

81 

... 

*  Not  returned. 


MARRIAGES. 


47 


TABLE  III— CoxTiKUED. 


COUNTIES. 


Baoilac 

Shiawassee 
StClAlr^.. 
St.  Joseph. 

Tuscola 

Van  Bnren. 
Waahtenaw 

Wayne 

Wexford  ... 

Total 


MONTHS 

• 

No.  of 
Marriages. 

• 

s 

1 

9 

• 

i 

7 

i 

9 

• 

a 
o, 

< 

4 

• 

8 

• 

P 
0 

9 

• 

11 

• 

m 

s> 

< 

8 

1 

SO 

17 

o       October. 

> 
O 
'A 

8 

1 

i 

Q 
2 

91 

129 

19 

8 

17 

10 

17 

9 

7 

7 

18 

12 

5 

5 

iU 

17 

21 

IS 

21 

20 

16 

28 

17 

27 

22 

24 

83 

2S9 

27 

19 

29 

28 

27 

13 

21 

20 

13 

24 

27 

82 

74 

5 

5 

5 

7 

2 

2 

7 

16 

1 

5 

8 

11 

ITO 

29 

10 

9 

18 

17 

14 

15 

25 

16 

S 

11 

6 

800 

28 

88 

21 

24 

81 

20 

22 

21 

27 

84 

27 

16 

904 

86 

61 

70 

86 

106 

71 

82 

77 

95 

74 

60 

47 

4 

-- 

•  • 

1 

-- 

1 

•  - 

1 

•  - 

-- 

1 

•  - 

-- 

8,450 

810 

641 

716 

716 

758 

628 

750 

629 

775 

775 

6S6 

568 

a 

o 
a 

•a 


1 
1 

2 


17 


48 


THIRD  REGI8TRATI0K  REPORT. 


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THIRD    REGISTBATIOX   REPORT. 


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MABRIAGES. 


51 


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THIBD   SBGISTRATIOK  BEPORT. 


toowaj  JO  -ox  »Ioqii 


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MARRIAGES. 


53 


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THIRD  BEGISTRATION  BEPOBT. 


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DEATHS. 


As  time  passes,  the  importance  of  exact  knowledge  seems  to 
be  better  appreciated.  Statistics,  vital,  social,  and  commercial, 
are  demanded.  Men  now  feel  that  thev  cannot  be  well  con- 
Tinc^  on  these  points*xcept  they  see  the  figures,  or  at  least 
know  that  the  statements  Which  they  receive  are  made  by  those 
who  have  seen  them.  Questions  of  life  and  death  come  more 
and  more  to  be  considered  as  mathematical  problems,  requiring 
a  basis  of  facts,  from  which  to  deduce  correct  conclusions ; 
and  the  value  of  such  conclusions  is  certainly  very  great  com- 
pared with  the  common  opinion  formed,  as  it  must  be,  by 
guess  from  uncertain  data.  Except  by  means  of  statistics, 
physicians  cannot  certainly  know  whether  over  a  given  dis- 
ease they  are  gaining  or  losing  control,  whether  even  the  gen- 
eral result  of  their  efforts  is  better  or  worse  than  in  times  past. 
The  common  opinion  may  be  that  the  race  is  degenerating, — 
that  the  average  age  of  man  is  decreasing, — but  without  statis- 
tics the  truth  or  falsity  of  the  opinion  cannot  be  known.  In 
no  other  way  can  be  shown  the  influence  on  mortality  of 
climate,  sex,  age,  occupation,  and  different  social  states ;  and  of 
various  other  conditions,  which  when  known,  may  be  avoided. 

Absolute  truth  is  not  claimed  for  any  statistics,  but  while  it 
seems  proper  to  bear  in  mind  the  limited  time  during  which, 
in  this  State,  the  various  officers  have  been  gaining  familiarity 
with  their  duties,  and  the  chances  for  error  in  consequence  of 
this,  and  of  the  returns  being  copied  once  before  reaching  this 
office,  still  the  value  of  the  materials  for  these  statistics  of 
deaths  is  in  most  particulars  believed  to  be  nearly  equal  to  the 
best. 

8 


58  THIBD   REGISTRATIOX   REPORT. 

Probably  not  all  deaths  are  yet  recorded,  and  the  per  cent  to 
population  in  all  cases  may  therefore  be  slightly  less  than  the 
truth,  but  it  seems  just  as  probable  that  the  proportion  of 
deaths  from  «the  various  causes  does  not  suffer  much  disturb- 
ance from  this  source.  There  seems  no  reason  for  concluding 
that  the  proportion  of  the  sexes  is  far  from  right ;  and  the 
same  may  be  said  of  the  ages  of  adults.  No  doubt,  through 
careless  or  unskillful  manipulation,  the  results  of  some  of  the 
more  delicate  changes  and  unfavorable  forces  escape  us ;  but,  in 
the  aggregate,  the  combined  results  in  many  cases  become  so 
plainly  apparent  that  the  yarious  mist^es  of  many  men  cannot 
obliterate  them. 

The  extent  of  territory  and  variety  of  climate  and  soil  with- 
in the  limits  of  this  State  render  it  a  particularly  favorable  one 
for  gaining  valuable  and  comprehensive  knowledge  of  the  in- 
fluence of  various  conditions  upon  the  rate  and  causes  of  mor- 
tality. There  is  here  an  opportunity  to  compare  in  the  Upper 
and  Lower  Peninsulas,  counties  differing  by  four  degrees  of 
latitude,  inland  counties  with  those  on  the  east  and  west  lake 
shore,  the  two  shores  with  each  other,  and,  what  is  unusually 
fortunate,  old  counties  with  those  just  being  settled. 

There  are  good  reasons  for  believing,  and  indeed  there  can 
be  no  question,  that  the  geological  formation  of  a  locality  has 
very  great  influence  on  the  rate  of  mortality  from  certain 
causes.  It  seems  especially  evident,  when  we  remember  that 
upon  this  the  character  of  the  water  supply  generally  depends. 
The  examination  of  this  latter  subject  by  scientific  men  in  this 
State  has  lately  received  a  new  impulse  on  account  of  the 
numerous  mineral  springs  and  wells  that  have  been  discovered. 
Doubtless  the  public  will  eventually  receive  the  benefit  of  the 
great  increase  of  knowledge  on  this  subject  which  will  result 
from  the  additional  examination  and  thought  which  it  is 
receiving.  This  knowledge  itself  will  be  of  the  greatest  conse- 
quence, for  many  of  the  most  useful  agents  are  so,  through 
their  skillful  and  proper  use. 


DEATHS.  59 

The  whole  number  of  deaths  reported  for  1869  was  9,145. 
Of  this  number  4,796  were  males,  4,306  females,  and  43  sex  not 
given. 

The  proportion  of  the  total  number  of  deaths  to  population 
is  very  low,  compared  with  other  older  States  and  cities,  being 
only  .775  per  cent,  or  not  quite  eight  per  1,000.  One  death  to 
every  128  persons  living  in  June,  1870. 

The  census  used  in  computing  the  various  percentages  was 
taken  in  June,  1870,  about  six  months  after  the  close  of  the 
year  in  which  the  deaths  occurred.  Compared  with  the  cen- 
sus of  1860  it  shows  an  average  yearly  increase  of  about  forty- 
four  thousand.  Deducting  thirty  thousand— eight  thousand 
more  than  one-half  of  the  average  yearly  increase — and  again 
computing  the  death-rate  for  the  State,  we  find  that  it  is  then 
only  .796  per  cent  It  is  still  less  than  eight  per  1,000.  After 
this  deduction,  and  making  due  allowance  for  many  deaths 
which  may  not  have  been  reported,  the  death-rate  is  still  quite 
low.  The  standard  aimed  at  in  England  at  present  is  17  per 
1,000,  but  the  rate  for  all  England  is  about  22.  It  should  be 
remembered  in  this  connection  that  the  population  there  is 
much  more  dense  than  here.  The  death-rate  in  New  York 
city  in  1869  was  25.13  per  1,000,  computed  on  an  estimated 
population  of  1,000,000.  In  Brooklyn  it  was  22.59  per  1,000, 
with  an  estimated  population  of  370,000.  This  mortality,  how- 
ever, is  estimated  by  Sanitary  Supt  Dr.  Harris,  to  be  "  fully  15 
per  centum  too  great ;  and  it  should  be  regarded  as  the  duty 
of  sanitary  government  and  civic  improvement  to  reduce  the 
rate  to  an  average  of  from  17  to  20  per  1,000  yearly.  The 
fSfikJt  must  be  borne  in  mind,  however,  that  the  death-rate  in  New 
York  will  have  certain  peculiarities  that  arise  from  the  vast 
preponderance  of  the  poor  and  ignorant  classes,  which  com- 
prise fully  65  per  centum  of  the  total  population."  In  Massa- 
chusetts the  death-rate  for  1868  was  2.02  per  cent.,  or  20.2  per 
1,000  inhabitants  in  1865. 


w 


THIBD  BEGISTRATIOK   REPORT. 


TABLE  I. 

Deaths  hy  quarters  of  the  year. 


QUARTER    ENDING 


March 

June 

September 

December 

Unknown  months. 

Total 


Per  Cent  to 
Total. 


19^1 
21.80 
32.24 
26.20 
.52 


100.00 


This  table  shows  that  the  least  number  of  deaths  occurred 
in  the  first  quarter.  In  Massachusetts,  and  also  in  Bhode 
Island,  the  second  quarter  is  the  one  in  which  the  least  num- 
ber occur.  There,  June  has  usually  the  least  mortality ;  our 
order  of  mortality,  by  months,  for  1869,  shows  January  to 
have  had  the  least.  The  report  of  the  Metropolitan  Board  of 
Health  for  1869  also  shows  January  to  have  been  the  most 
favorable  to  life  in  New  York  City,  although  the  least  mor- 
tality for  a  full  quarter  was  during  the  one  ending  with 
December. 

The  greatest  mortality  was  during  the  third  quarter,  as  it  Ib 
usually  reported  to  be  in  other  States. 

The  influence  of  season  seems  to  have  been  greater  than  it 
usually  is  in  the  other  States  and  cities  with  which  our  sta- 
tistics have  been  compared.  In  New  York  City,  in  1869,  there 
was  a  diflTerence  between  the  mortality  of  highest  and  lowest 
quarters  of  only  about  six  per  cent.  In  Massachusetts,  for  a 
number  of  years  previous,  this  difference  has  not  been  over 
about  nine  per  cent.  It  will  be  seen  from  this  table  that  there 
was  here,  in  1869,  a  difference  of  about  thirteen  per  cent  be- 
tween the  lowest  quarter,  ending  with  March,  and  the  highest 
-quarter,  ending  with  September. 


DEATHS. 


61 


TABLE  11. 
Order  of  Total  Mortality  by  Months, 


MONTHS,  iseo. 


1 .  September 

2.  August 

3.  October 

4.  December 

5.  March 

6.  April 

7.  July I 

8.  November 

9.  May 

10.  June 

11.  February 

12.  January ^ 

Ayerage 


Dbaths. 


1194 
1068 
874 
836 
761 
712 
687 
686 
652 
630 
561 
436 
758 


The  greatest  number  of  deaths  occurring  in  any  one  month 
was  1,194,  in  September.  By  referring  to  Table  XVI,  it  will 
be  seen  that  this  was  not  mainly  due  to  any  one  special  disease, 
but  to  a  general  fatality  in  many;  though  more  especially 
an^ong  the  seyeral  diseases  of  the  bowels  and  brain.  There 
was  also,  in  this  month,  an  increased  number  of  deaths  of 
children  teething,  and  also  of  deaths  from  old  age.  It  seems 
to  be  a  self-eyident  proposition,  that  any  un&yorable,  non* 
specific  influence  will  fiEdl  with  greatest  effect  upon  the  weakest 
of  the  race,  for  they  will  be  least  able  to  withstand  it  We 
might  therefore  reasonably  expect  that  an  increased  rate  of 
mortality  from  a  general  cause — such,  for  instance,  as  extreme 
heat,  or  important  changes  in  temperature,  to  which  all  are 
more  or  less  subjected — ^would  be  accompanied  by  a  greater 
proportion  of  deaths  among  the  extremely  old  and  young.    If 


62 


THIRD  REOlSTKATIOi)    BEPOBT. 


we  turn  to  the  meteorological  tables  for  1869,  we  notice  that 
in  September  the  mean  daily  range  of  the  thermometer  was 
greater  than  in  any  other  month  in  the  year;  and  that  next  to 
this  month  was  August,  which  also  comes  next  in  the  order  of 
mortality.  This  subject,  however,  may  be  more  properly 
treated  further  on,  when  considering  the  causes  of  death. 


TABLE     III. 

Number  and  Percentage  of  Deaths  of  Males  and  Females 
from  aU  causes^  by  morUhs  {unknown  sex  excluded). 


MONTHS. 


Jannarj. 

Febnutfy 

March. 

April 

May 

June 

July 

Angnst 

September 

October 

NoTember 

December :, 

Unknown  month... 


Year. 


NUIKBXB. 

PutCIMTAGB. 

Males. 

Females. 

Males. 

Females. 

Excess  of 
Males. 

227 

207 

62.80 

47.69 

4.61 

817 

241 

66.80 

48.19 

8.61 

405 

866 

68.28 

46.71 

ejy; 

8M 

846 

61.40 

48.69 

%JS1 

844 

807 

62.84 

47.16 

6.69 

881 

296 

62.79 

47.20 

6.50 

868 

828 

62.66 

47.48 

6.18 

6«8 

498 

68.84 

47.66 

'4.60 

ttl 

667 

62.27 

47.72 

4.56 

44« 

484 

61.27 

48.72 

2.55 

849 

887 

60.78 

49.26 

1.47 

488 

898 

62.70 

47.29 

6.41 

26 

18 

66.66 

88.88 

88.88 

4,796 

4,806 

62.69 

47.80 

6^ 

From  this  table  we  learn  that  March,  May,  June,  and  De- 
cember were  unfavorable  months  for  males,  compared  with 
females,  in  the  order  given ;  the  excess  per  cent  of  deaths  of 
males  being  above  5.39,  which  was  the  average.  Perhaps,  how- 
ever, we  should  reverse  the  statement  and  say  that  those  months 
were  favorable  for  females,  for  the  first  named — March — waa 


DEATHS.  63 

abont  an  average  one  as  regards  total  mortality,  as  will  be  seen 
by  the  table  pieceding.  Next  to  March,  the  excess  of  males 
was  greatest  in  May;  it  then  decreased  month  by  month  until 
Norember,  when  the  mortality  of  the  sexes  was  nearly  equal* 
In  December  it  was  increased  to  about  the  average  excess, 
which  was  rapidly  decreased  in  January  and  February ;  skip- 
ping March,  in  the  month  of  April  it  was  still  below  what  it 
was  in  February,  rendering  March  all  the  more  prominent  for 
itfl  greatest  diflTerence  in  mortality  of  the  sexes.  Seeking  a 
reason,  we  find  by  reference  to  the  table  of  causes  of  death 
that  the  excess  of  fifty  males  in  March  was  due  to  several 
immediate  causes,  whatever  may  have  been  the  primary  unfa- 
vorable condition  or  conditions.  Pneumonia  caused  the  death 
of  twelve  more  males  than  females;  other  lung  diseases,  includ- 
ing typhoid  pneumonia,  caused  twelve  more.  (In  consumption 
there  were  eight  more  females  than  males,  and  although,  taking 
the  full  year,  the  deaths  of  males  from  casualties  exceeded  those 
of  females  from  childbirth  by  fifty-eight,  in  this  month  the  cas- 
ualties of  males  were  fully  equaled  by  deaths  of  females  from 
the  cause  before  mentioned.)  From  typhoid  fever  there  was  an 
excess  of  seven  males ;  from  scarlatina,  of  six ;  from  heart  disease, 
four;  and  from  unknown  causes,  among  which  may  be  men- 
tioned some  reported  "congestion,"  an  excess  of  nineteen  males. 
Here  the  great  number  of  cases  in  which  the  cause  of  death  was 
not  reported  render  any  accurate  analysis  for  the  ultimate 
cause  of  this  difference  difficult,  not  to  say  impossible,  how- 
ever plain  it  may  appear  that  the  males  were  subjected  to 
some  influence  to  which  the  females  were  not,  or  at  least  only 
in  a  less  degree.  At  Lansing,  which  is  near  the  center  of  the 
population,  the  thermometer  went  lower  in  March  than  in 
any  other  month  in  the  year,  reaching  2"  below  zero.  The 
mean  daily  range  was  also  high,  17.4",  the  average  for  all  the 
months  being  15^ 

If  we  exclude   consumption,  twenty-four  out  of  the  fifty 
greater  number  of  deaths  of  males  were  caused  by  pneumonia 


64 


THIKD   REGISTRATION   REPORT. 


and  other  lung  diseases ;  and  the  specified  causes  to  which  the 
other  deaths  were  referred  were  of  such  a  nature  thai,  all 
things  considered,  there  seem  to  be  good  reasons  for  believing 
that  the  predisposing  cause  of  the  excess  of  deaths  of  males  in 
March  was  their  greater  exposure  to  the  inclemencies  of  the 
season,  on  account  of  their  out-door  duties. 


TABLE    IV. 

Exhibiting  the  number  and  Sex,  per  cent  to  whole  number  of 
Deaths,  and  to  total  Population,  and  also  percentage  and  dif- 
ference between  the  Sexes  of  those  who  died  at  different  periods 
of  life  from  all  causes,  during  the  year  1869. 


t 

Females. 

• 

o 

1 

• 

3 

Per  Cent  of  whole  No. 
of  Deaths. 

Per  Cent  to  Total  Pop- 
ulation of  Counties 
Returned,  1870. 

• 

PiBOKRT.  or  THS  SlZVS. 

(Unknown  Sex  excluded.) 

AGS. 

i 

• 

s 

Bxossa.  , 

i 
1 

• 

1 

Under  0 

9117 
988 

181 
188 
880 
980 
970 
819 
888 
991 
148 
108 

1788 
178 
141 
908 

081 
880 
940 
981 
979 
909 
191 
91 

85 
1 

7 

8915 
415 
979 
874 
881 
819 
090 
048 
888 
000 
984 
904 

49.81 
4.58 
9.97 
4.08 
9.88 
8.78 
0.88 
0.99 
8.98 
0.48 
9.88 
9.19 

.881 
.080 
.098 
.081 
.074 
.068 
.044 
.048 
.054 
.049 
.099 
.010 

04.08 

07.48 
48.18 
44.91 
40.88 
48.88 
09.88 
07.47 
07.88 
08.90 
04.18 
08.80 

40.48 
49.01 
01.88 
00.08 
08.18 
08J1 
47.11 
49.08 
49.88 
41.80 
40.88 
48.19 

9.18 
4.97 

0.77 

14.90 

14.78 

17.40 

8.88 

7.81 

Oto  10 

10  to  10 

8.87 

10  to  90 

10.17 

90  to  80 

18.917 

80  to  40 

8.88 

40  to  00 

00  to  80 - 

88  to  70 

70  to  80 

80  and  oyer 

Unknown 

Total 

4,798 

4,808 

48 

9«145 

100.00 

.770 

09.89 

47.80 

0.89 

DEATHS.  66 

In  this  table  two  or  three  points  immediately  attract  atten- 
tion :  The  very  great  mortality  under  five  years  of  age,  the 
next  greatest  between  twenty  and  thirty,  and  the  excess  of 
deaths  of  males  and  females  at  different  ages.  The  first  Beport 
in  this  State  showed  that  of  the  deaths  from  all  causes  "  34.43 
per  cent  were  those  of  children  under  five  years  of  age."  In 
the  second  report  this  was  increased  to  41.27  per  cent.  The 
above  table  shows  that  in  1869  the  proportion  was  still  further 
increased,  being  42.81  per  cent 

Possibly  the  explanation  of  a  part  of  this  increase  in  last 
Beport  may  be  that  the  more  thorough  collection  of  the  statistics 
resulted  in  obtaining  the  records  of  a  greater  proportion  at  this 
age,  because  the  death  of  an  adult  generally  creates  a  greater 
sensation  and  is  more  certain  to  be  recorded  than  is  the  death 
of  a  child.  On  the  first  trial  more  deaths  of  children  than  of 
adults  would,  probably,  for  this  reason  escape  colleotion,  and  a 
better  execution  of  the  law  would  consequently  give  a  greater 
proportion  under  five  years  of  age.  Probably  the  increased 
proportion  was  also  partly  owing  to  the  fact  that  the  second 
report  was  for  only  nine  months  of  the  year,  excluding  the 
winter  months,  when  the  proportion  of  adults  to  those  of  chil* 
dren  was  doubtless  greater  than  in  summer.  How  much  was 
due  to  this  fact  was  intended,  among  other  things,  to  be  shown 
by  a  table  exhibiting  the  number  of  persons  who  died  at  dif- 
ferent periods  of  age  in  each  month,  but  it  has  been  found 
impossible  to  make  up  the  table  in  time  for  this  Report,  as  it 
would  involve  another  compilation  from  the  original  returns. 

In  this  third  Report,  which  includes  the  full  calendar  year, 
the  proportion  is  increased  over  that  of  the  second  by  1.54  per 
cent  Nearly  this  amount,  however,  is  due  to  the  addition  of 
still-births  this  year,  they  being  1.41  per  cent  of  the  total 
number  of  deaths.  We  may  still  account  for  the  difference 
between  this  full  year  and  the  first  one  without  concluding 
that  there  was  an  increased  proportional  mortality  among 
children, — by  considering  the  difference  duo  to  a  better  col- 

9 


>«; 


66  THIBD  REGISTBATIOK  RSPOBT. 

lection  of  records  of  that  class  of  deaths^  amounting  to  suffi- 
cient, since  last  report,  to  equal  the  reduction  of  proportion 
caused  by  including  winter  months.  In  other  words,  it  does 
not  necessarily  follow  from  the  statistics  that  there  was,  dur- 
ing the  year  1869,  an  increased  mortality  of  children  under 
five  years  of  age. 

The  per, cent  of  deaths  at  the  different  ages  to  the  population 
at  those  ages,  or  of  each  sex  to  the  male  and  female  population^ 
cannot  be  given,  as  the  census  statistics  have  not  yet  been 
worked  out  sufficiently  to  furnish  the  data.  As  will  be  seen, 
the  proportion  of  deaths  under  five  to  total  population  was 
.331  per  cent,  while  the  deaths  at  all  ages  were  only  .775  per 
cent  of  the  population. 

The  whole  number  of  deaths  under  five  was  3,915.  Among 
the  many  specified  causes  of  death  may  be  mentioned  the  fol- 
lowing as  the  most  prominent:  Diarrhea,  reported  as  the 
cause  of  261  deaths;  dysentery,  of  187;  cholera  infantum, 
108;  bowel  disease  (kind  not  specified ),  20.  Pneumonia  is 
charged  with  the  death  of  233;  consumption,  111 ;  croup,  94; 
lung  disease,  56.  Cephalitis  caused  the  death  of  146;  convul- 
sions, 58;  brain  diseases  (not  specified)  145.  The  other  causes 
cm  be  seen  by  reference  to  Table  XVI,  "  Specified  Causes  of 
Death,  Alphabetically  Arranged.'*  We  have  here  a  total  of  one 
thousand  four  hundred  and  nineteen  deaths  of  children  under 
five  years  of  age,  from  prominent  diseases  affecting  the 
alimentary  canal,  air  passages,  and  nervous  system. 

That  a  large  proportion  of  these  deaths  were  due  to  insuffi- 
cient and  unsuitable  clothing,  and  improper  diet,  will  probably 
not  be  questioned  by  any  who  have  given  the  subject  much 
attention,  although  it  seems  plain  that  a  majority  of  the 
people  do  not  appreciate  two  very  important  facts  in  this  connec- 
tion. First,  that  human  young  are  bom  into  this  cold  world 
from  a  uniform  temperature  of  about  100*^  F.,  and  cannot  be 
expect<'/d  to  withstand  sudden  changes,  or  a  great  degree  of 
cold,  as;  w^U  ^  ol^  settlers,  and  especially  not  when  less 


DEATHS.  67 

warmly  clothed.  The  second,  that  the  young  of  all  animals — 
ktiman  young  included — are  by  nature  supplied  with  animal 
ft>od,  and  ought  not,  at  first,  to  be  expected  to  thrive  on  food 
composed  mainly  of  starch,  or  other  vegetable  substance. 

The  two  or  three  hundred  deaths  between  the  ages  of  twenty 
and  thirty  years,  in  excess  of  the  number  in  either  the  ten 
years  preceding  or  succeeding,  are  fully  accounted  for  by  refer- 
ence to  three  causes,  viz:  consumption,  typhoid  fever,  and 
childbirth ;  which  respectively  caused  the  death  of  three  hun- 
dred and  thirteen,  ninety-six,  and  sixty  persons  aged  aa  above 
stated.  The  total  number  of  deaths  of  those  within  that 
period  was  eight  hundred  and  eighty-one. 

The  average  proportion  of  deaths  of  the  sexes  for  the  year 
was  5.39  per  cent  more  males  than  females.  Whether  or  not 
this  corresponds  with  the  proportion  of  male  and  female  pop- 
ulation, we  have  as  yet  no  means  of  knowing.  The  different 
influence  upon  the  sexes  of  the  conditions  connected  with  age 
is,  however,  well  and  strikingly  shown  by  this  table.  It  will 
be  seen  that  there  was  more  than  an  average  excess  of  males 
under  five — slightly  less  than  the  average  between  five  and  ten ; 
this  change  was  continued,  and  from  ten  to  fifteen  there  were 
3.67  per  cent  more  females  than  males;  it  was  increased  until 
thirty,  when  it  declined  from  thirty  to  forty,  being  6.63  per 
cent  more  females  than  males.  After  forty  there  were  more 
deaths  of  males  than  females,  the  difference  being  greatest 
during  the  period  between  the  ages  of  seventy  and  eighty. 

The  most  marked  contrast  of  the  sexes  was  between  the  ages 
of  twenty  and  thirty,  when  there  were  one  hundred  and 
sixty-one  or  18.27  per  cent  more  deaths  of  females  than  males. 
This  was  mainly  due  to  four  causes,  viz :  consumption,  child- 
birth, dropsy,  and  pneumonia ;  the  excess  from  these  causes 
being  respectively  eighty-seven,  sixty,  twenty,  and  fourteen. 
As,  in  a  certain  sense,  an  offset  to  deaths  from  childbirth,  should 
be  noticed  that  of  the  deaths  from  casualties  there  were 
twenty-four  more  males  than  females ;  leaving,  after  these  have 


68  THIBD  BEGISTBATION  BEPOBT. 

been  subtracted,  an  excess  of  one  hundred  and  fifty-seven  • 
females  daring  this  period  of  life  from  the  four  above  mentioned 
causes. 

The  following  table  is  the  same  as  the  one  in  last  Report, 
except  that  in  this  the  sex  is  given  by  counties,  months,  and 
periods  of  age,  instead  of  simply  by  counties  for  the  year.  It 
therefore  shows  the  influence  of  the  conditions  connected  with 
season  and  age  upon  the  mortality  of  the  sexes,  as  well  as  upon 
the  total  mortality  in  each  county ;  and  also  the  number  of 
deaths  of  each  sex  during  the  year  in  every  county  from  which 
returns  have  been  received. 


DEATHS. 


69 


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DEATHS. 


83 


TABLE  VI. 

Naiivity,  by  Sex  mid  Counties,  of  those  who  Died  during  the 

year  1869. 


Amnxo^N. 

FOBXIOH 

r. 

Unkxowk. 

Totals. 

COUNTIBS. 

• 

-a 

• 

• 

a 

M 

• 

3 

O 

• 

6 

■ 

a 

• 

1 

6 

6 

• 

a 

M 

• 

i 

O 

• 

7! 
Cm 

• 

a 

M 

11 

Stmte 

8850 

1 
81 

8629 

82 

88 
2 

7517 

1 
165 

744 

_ 

581 

— 

1275 

202 

146 

5 

858 

4796 

1 
105 

4806 
98 

48 
2 

9145 

AlOOIK 

1 

Allegan 

17 

15 

82 

7 

1 

8 

205 

Alpena 

Antrim 

12 

15 

27 

2 

1 

8 

14 

16 

80 

5 

4 

.  . 

9 

1 

1 

* 

•  ■  a  * 

.... 

6 

4 

.  « 

10 

Barry 

74 

51 

6 

84 

65 
81 

-- 

189 
82 
18 

191 

7 
19 

1 
10 

5 
6 

6 

12 
25 

1 
16 

1 
6 

8 

1 

8 
1 
5 

2 
9 
1 

8 

82 

76 

7 

97 

71 

40 

18 

118 

-- 

158 

Bay 

116 

Benzie 

12  - 

?!0 

Berrien 

107 

,  » 

215 

Branch.. 

78 
118 

96 
109 

T 

174j 
229 
184 

5| 

1 

4 
12 

8 
11 

7 
28 

82 
188 

99 
181 

7 

181 

Calhonn^ 

8 

11 

19 

271 

Cass... 

95 
1 

89 

4 

-- 

5 
2 

8 
8 

18 

5] 

2 

1 

8 

102 
8 

98 

.7 

200 

Charleroix 

10 

Cheboygan 

8 

5 

.. 

1 

1 

1 

.... 

1 

4 

5 

0 

Chlnpewa  (a).. 

Clinton 

72 

88 

_. 

156 

9 

5 

14 

2 

.... 

2 

88 

88 

.  . 

171 

Delta  (a) 

Baton  ^ 

88 

92 

1 

181; 

4 

4 

6 

2 

8 

98 

94 

1 

198 

16 

22 

1                               " 

1 



1 

1 



,. 

1 

18 

22 

.- 

40 

Oeneeee. 

101 

90 

2 

198, 
86. 

7,    14 

21 

9 

14 

lU 

108 

8 

228 

Grand  Traycrae 

20 

16 

.. 

1 
1       8 

4 

1 

2 

22 

20 

-- 

42 

Gratiot 

88     88 

4 

7a 

8       2 

.- 

5 

1 

.... 

1 

42 

85 

4 

81 

Hilladale. 

ito 

92 

.. 

202i 

4*      8 

.. 

7 

9 

18 

128 

99 

.- 

222 

Houghton. 

Huron 

54|     49 

108 
211 

14       6 

^ 

/ 

68 

55 

\n 

11      18 
100    111 

-- 

1 
12 1    15 

7       9 

-- 

27 
16 

28 
109 

28 
122 

51 

Tagfaam  . 

2 

2 

4 

..    281 

(a)  Not  returned. 


84 


THIRD   REGlSTKATIOl^    REPORT. 


TABLE    VI— Continued. 


AXBRIOAN. 

1 

FOBKION. 

Dhknowk. 

Totals. 

OOUNTIKfl. 

• 

S 
-3 

100 
10 
15 
98 

• 

8 

s 

FN 

97 

6 

11 

99 

• 

a 

c 

0 

1 

• 

2 
& 

198 

1 
16 

26 

i 
197 

6 

"a 

14 
6 
1 

10 

• 

4 
2 
1 
5 

• 

a 

S 

• 

18 
8 
2 

15 

9 

"3 
§ 

10 
1 

• 

p 

JM 

a 

0 

• 

3 

19 
1 

128 
16 
16 

110 

1 

111 

9 

12 

107 

• 

1 

C  o 

OH 

Ionia. 

889 

lOBOO  

85 

IrabelU 

83 

Jackson 

2 

8 

,  . 

5 

81T 

Kalamasoo 

125 

94 

5 

224 

j 

18 

17 

85 

9 

8 

1 

18 

152 

119 

6 

877 

Kent. 

182 

186 

2 

27o; 

85 

21 

6» 

7 

8 

-- 

10 

174 

160 

2 

886 

Keweenaw  (a).. 
Lapeer 

44 

61 

1 

109 

6 

7 

18 

2 

1 

8 

52 

72 

1 

125 

Leelanaw 

2T 

14 

41 

8 

.... 

8 

.... 

.  . 

80 

14 

44 

Lenawee 

188 

107 

245 

1 

11 

10 

21 

4 

4 

.. 

8 

1 

158 

121 

874 

Liylnf^ton 

65 

52 

.. 

117j 

5 

6 

11 

8 

.. 

1 
8 

78 

56 

181 

Mackinac  (a)... 

1 

Macomb 

81 

112 

. . 

"*! 

24 

16 

40 

1 

•  •  •  • 

.  . 

1 

106 

128 

^  ^ 

884 

Manistee 

20 

18 

.. 

J 

5 

4 

9 

.... 

1 

•  • 

1 

25 

28 

.. 

48 

ManltonCa) 

1 

1 

Marquette 

85 

50 

85' 

21 

25 

46 

56 

75 

181 

Mason 

20 
16 

10 
15 

-- 

1 

81 

1 
6 

2 
8 

:i 

1 

2 

-• 

1 

22 
22 

12 
20 

•  • 

84 

Mecosta. 

4S 

Menominee ... 

8 
15 

5 
7 

1 

1 

( 

22 

1 

2 

1 

i' 

2 

8 

17 

6 

8 

1 

10 

Midland 

1 

•  a 

1 

85 

Monroe 

104 

101 

8 

208 

1 

16 

18 

29 

5 

.... 

.. 

5 

125 

114 

8 

842 

Montcalm 

44 

81 

•  • 

1 
75 

4 

6 

9 

.... 

1 

.. 

1 

48 

S7 

.. 

85 

Mnskeigon 

50 

52 

1 

112 

12 

9 

21 

1 

2 

8 

•  - 

5 

78 

64 

1 

188 

Newaygo 

Oakland.. 

82 

22 

5t 

8 

»' 

85 

22 

07 

105 

91 

. . 

196 

1 

27 

12 

89 

4 

2 

,  . 

6 

1 

186 

105 

^  ^ 

841 

Oceana. 

40 

25 

-. 

C5 

1 

8 

1 

i 

.... 

1 

>. 

1 

48 

27 

70 

Ontonagon 

Osceola 

16 

9 

2S' 

4 

4 

s' 

20 

18 

88 

8 

5 

, . 

1 

8^ 

1 

' 

. . . . 

1 

1 

4 

6 

10 

Ottawa 

94 

78 

.. 

172 

84 

24 

68 

8 

1 

4 

181 

108 

. . 

284 

Saginaw 

168 

168 

4 

835 

56 

42 

>8 

1 

5 

5 

11 

229 

210 

5 

4U 

HAnllivc       

28 
57 

19 
70 

1 

42 

11 
11 

15 

7 

1 
3« 

18 

84 
75 

34 

78 

1 

68 

Shiawassee 

7 

1 

..: 

8 

154 

(a)  Not  returned. 


DEATHS. 


85 


TABLE  VI— Continued. 


COUNTIES. 


St.  Clair 

St.  Joseph... 

Tnacola , 

Tan  Baren.. 
Washtenaw.. 

Wayne 

Wexford 


Ambrican. 

1        FOREION. 

1 

• 

6 

• 

a 
a 

13 

• 

i 

O 

• 

Female. 

• 

a 

M 

a 

118 

06 

1 

215 

49 

81 

60 

98 

•  • 

172 

12 

4 

42 

48 

.. 

88 

1 

6 

4 

tt8 

87 

.. 

160 

1 

7 

8 

98 

109 

.. 

207 

1 

25 

10 

514 

485 

3 

951 

152 

107 

.- 

8 

1 

-- 

* 

.... 

1 

-- 

Unkkowk. 


5 

o 
b* 


80 


|i 


4 

5 
1 
9 
6 

259  1    51 

t 


«> 


fa 


10 

I 
85 


l! 


8 

1 

45 


P 


a 

o 


Totals. 


6 


.5 


7 
101 


171 

97 

49 

109 

129 

720 

8 


1 

fa 


127 

106 

50 

78 

120 

567 

2 


M 

a 
P 


Co 

OH 


299 

200 
99 

18T 

249 

1811 

5 


This  table  is  the  same  as  the  one  in  last  Report,  except  that, 
instead  of  the  total  American,  Foreign,  and  Unknown  in  each 
county,  the  number  of  each  sex  and  total  of  each  nativity  for 
the  county  is  given.  It  still  lacks  percentage  to  native  and 
foreign  population.    This  can  probably  be  given  next  year. 

Table  VII,  of  deaths  of  persons  belonging  to  races  other 
than  white,  will  also  be  more  valuable  when  the  proportion  of 
Negro  and  Indian  population  is  known,  and  the  percentage  of 
deaths  to  the  same  is  given. 


1 


86 


THIRD  REQISTEATION   REPORT. 


TABLE  VII. 

Deaths  of   Persons  belonging    to    Races  other  than    White. 

Number  and  Sex  in  each  County. 


COUNTIES. 


state 

Alcona 

Allegan 

Alpena 

Antrim ~ 

Barry 

Bay 

Benzie 

Berrien..... .........•..-• 

Branch 

Calhoun 

Casa 

Charlevoix j. 

Cheboygan 

*  Chippewa 

Clinton... 

♦Delto 

Eaton 

Emmet 

(Genesee... 

Grand  Travene 

Gratiot 

HiUsdale 

Honghton 

Huron 

*  Not  returned. 


Afbioak. 


40 


1 
10 


3 


U 


1 
1 

2 
15 


a 

o 


81 


1 
2 

8 
25 


Ikdiax. 


S 


44 


2 


18 


89 


8 


21 


o 


88 


89 


12 


DBATHS. 


sr 


TABLE  VII— Continued, 


1 
Afbican. 

1 

Indian. 

C  O  U  N  T  I  B  8. 

i 

1 

1 

• 

• 

3 

O 

• 

1 

• 

3 

Ini^ham , 

, . 

8 

8 

.  . 

.  .  .  ■ 

Ionia 

-- 

-- 

-. 

-- 

Iosco 

*. 

.. 

■  * 

.. 

.... 

Inbella 

.. 

.. 

•  « 

.. 

•  •  •  • 

Jackson 

4 

•  . 

4 

-- 

.... 

8 

1 

8 
2 

6 
8 

-- 

Kent ^ 

.  •  •  . 

•  Kcwfifioaw ..* ....- 

-- 

«  w 

-- 

Lapeer 

•  •  •  ». 

-- 

1 

2 

2 

Lenawee 

-- 

.. 

.- 

.... 

Livingston 

-- 

.- 

-- 

•  •  •  • 

*  Mackinac 

-- 

.. 

-- 

.... 

Macomb _ 

-- 

•  • 

.. 

.. 

Manistee 

.. 

.. 

.. 

• 

*  w  •  a 

•Maniton 

-- 

.. 

•  - 

.... 

Marqnette 

-- 

.- 



Mason 

.. 

-- 

6 

6 

Mecosta 

•  • 

•  - 

•  «  •  • 

Menominee 

.. 

.. 

•  . 

.... 

MidUnd 

-- 

.- 

.- 

.... 

Monroe ^ 

1 

1 

2 

.... 

Montcalm 

.. 

.. 

•  «  •  • 

Mnslcegon 

1 

1 

•  -  _ 



Newaygo 

-- 

•  - 

1 

1 

Oakland ... 

2 

2 

.. 

.... 

Oceana 

.. 

*  • 

.. 

4 

7 

11 

Ontonagon 

.- 

•  • 

1 

•- 

1 

Osceola 

•  - 

-- 

.. 

.... 

*  Not  retnrned. 

88 


THIBD  RBGISTRATIOK  BEPOBT. 


TABLE  VII— COKTINUBD. 


Afbicak. 

Indiak. 

COUNTIES 

• 

S 

• 

• 
*• 

• 

3 

O 

• 

S 

8 
1 

• 

Ottawa 

2 

2 

4 

.. 

«« . . 

Saginaw 

2 

2 

4 

.. 

Sanilac 

.. 

*« 

.. 

.. 

.... 

Shiawassee _ 

.. 

1 

1 

• . 

.... 

St.  Clair 

.- 

-- 

.. 

.- 

.... 

St.  Joseph - 

.. 

•  m 

. . 

.... 

Tnsoola 

.. 

•  • 

.. 

.. 

.... 

YanBoren 

1 
4 

4 
8 

6 

7 

8 

$ 

Washtenaw 

Wayne 

7 

1 

8 

.. 

•  ••• 

Wexford........ ...-.-...-........- ..... 

-- 

-- 

-- 

•  - 

— 

DBATH8. 


89 


?    •     • 

2  I  ^ 

o    «   5   o 


I 


5 


m 


O       IQ       b-      «e 

9«     el     «-«     «H 


5 

o 


o 


o 


2     J 


a 
Id 


-  § 


5  is 


o     « 


O 
< 


B 
cq 


M 


s 


o 
S 


o     —     o     o» 

»^        O       ^"       «^ 


•< 

E 


c 
;^ 

VT 

M 


o 

^  S 

*>.  5 

;  fc 

o  o 

3  3 

b  if 


a 

p  ja 

V;  O 

^  1 

5  :S 


2   £ 


•-     -s     o 


1 1 


s 


9/       fcj 

h4     ^ 


b3 

< 
ST. 


o 


o     o 


*   s 
«  5 


III! 


cS 


jf 

.0/ 


3    51 


o 


ce 


O 
cc 

x 

CS 


O 
o 

3 


o 


T5      to 

o  .5 

s 

^    s 
o  .2 

»  -s 

"I 

05 


e-B 


oc 


00 

C 

.c5 


33      ?! 


Q   J3   ns 
s-  -«-*    ^^ 


a 


o 


:5  ^  2 

-^  ^  ^ 


o 

o 

-4-' 

tc 


C 


Si 

£  It 

^  s 

«-^  ? 

o  g 

s  ^ 

cc  "w 

OQ  S 

03  &« 

i  & 

ti»  oS 

o 

|| 

no  OS 

08  -a 

a  .. 


.2    ^. 


OS 

S 
3 


OS 


o  -^ 

*  -s  -« 

t!  s  a 

>^    36  '« 

^    .2  ^ 

.S  "S  o 

5  p  § 

=^     o  «^ 

«     C8  o 

o     P  tdO 


§•5 


1« 


CAUSES   OF   DEATH. 


Prominent  among  the  conditions  of  life  luid  the  causes  of 
death,  are  the  influences  of  climate  and  season  of  the  year. 
An  effort  was  made  to  secure  a  meteorological  record  for  the 
year  1869  fi'ora  each  sanitary  district  of  the  State,  but  the  fol- 
lowing, from  two  places,  were  all  that  were  obtained.  The  re- 
quests were  not  entirely  without  good  results,  inasmuch  as 
some  observers  have  promised  to  furnish  a  record  in  future. 
Some  additional  data  are  required  for  purposes  of  study  in 
this  connection,  and,  in  order  to  supply  all  that  is  wanted, 
observers  must  be  found  in  several  parts  of  the  State  who  will 
give  special  attention  to  such  matters  as  bear  directly,  with 
greatest  force,  upon  the  health  and  lives  of  the  people. 

Tables  IX  and  X  were  compiled  in  this  office,  from  observa- 
tions made  at  the  Agricultural  College,  near  Lansing,  by  Prof. 
R.  C.  Ktdzie,  published  in  the  Report  of  the  State  Board  of 
Agriculture  for  1869. 

Table  X  contains  resuUs  of  observations  made  at  Monroe, 
by  Miss  F.  E.  Whelpley. 


THIRD   HEfllSTRATlOX   REPORT. 


TABLE  IX. 

^hoicinff  the  Mean  Altitude  and  Range  of  the  Barometer,  the 
Prevailing  Winds,  the  mean  relative  Humidity,  Percentage 
of  Cloudintas  of  the  sky,  the  number  of  Days  of  Bain  or 
Snow,  and  the  Quaatity  of  Rain  or  melted  Snoic  for  each 
month  of  the  year  1S69,  at  Lansing,  Mich. 


£ 

Dat«  or  PRnAiLiK 
Wind*. 

°t 

1 

•s 

1 

1 
M 

n 

a 
u 
w 

n 

« 

1 
1 

■s 

1 

■3 

ii 

u 

11 
1» 

1 

MONTnS. 

1 

1 
1? 

'.I 

V  s 
u  s 

M    1 
4  18 

1    M 

s  n 

'™ 

s  w 

8    M 

I 

J 

1 
1 

FA 

8JT 

Ui 
MS 

B.4K 

1I« 

I       >t 

He  tomber 

ina 

. 

.. 

,     , 

DEATHS. 


IfcS 


TABLE    X. 

Showing  the  Mean  Temperature,  the  Highest  and  Lotoest  Tern- 
peraUure,  the  Monthly  Range,  the  Mean  Daily  Range,  and 
the  Greatest  Change  in  Twenty-four  Hours,  for  each  month 
0f  the  year  1869,  at  Landing,  Michigan. 


MOUTHS. 


iaaatarj 

V^HiriMUj . . . . 

Mardi 

April 

M*J 

June 

Joly 

AQgDtt 

September.. 

October 

NoTember .. 
Deeember... 

WIiol«  Year. 


Thbrxoxstbb. 


Meftn. 


26.66* 
9T.60' 
46.70* 
86.(W 
64.45* 
70.85* 
70.58* 
68.45* 
40.80* 
82.05* 
88.16* 

46.87* 


Highest 


60* 
60* 
62* 
78* 
88* 
88* 
89* 
W 
89* 
74* 
71* 
45* 

92* 


Loweat 


4* 
-4* 

-2* 
20* 
41* 
44* 
51* 
46* 
88* 
18* 
4* 
0* 


Range. 


46' 
64* 
64* 

58* 
42* 
89* 
85' 
46* 
61* 
56* 
67* 
45* 

96* 


Mean 

DaUy 

Range. 


12.4* 
17.1* 
17.4* 
16.0* 
14.0* 
15.8* 
15.2* 
18.0* 
19.8* 
12.4* 
11.8* 
12.1* 

15.0* 


GBBATser  Chaxob 
ix  24  House. 


Degreee  of 
riseorfidl 
of  Ther- 
mometer. 


R.  88.* 
R.  48.* 
R.  84.* 
R.  29.* 
P.  25.* 
P.  26.* 
R.  27.* 
P.  80.* 
R.  85.* 
R.  27.* 
R.  40.* 
R.  87.* 

R.  48.* 


Day  of 
Month 


16tb. 

5th. 
18th. 

32d. 

9th. 
16th. 

22d.. 
21at 

Ifit.. 

6tb.. 
24th. 
26th.. 

Feb.  Sthr. 


94 


THTRT)    REGISTRATION    RRPORT. 


TABLE  XL 

Showing  the  Mean  Temperature,  the  Highest  and  Lowest  Tern- 
perature,  the  Monthly  Range,  the  Mean  Daily  Range,  and 
the  Greatest  Change  in  Twenty^four  Hours;  and  also  the 
Prevailing  Winds,  Relative  Humidity,  Rain  and  Melted 
Snow,  in  inches,  for  each  month  of  the  year  1869,  at  Monroe, 
Michigan : 


MONTHS. 


Janiimrj... 
Fobnury . 
March  — 

April 

M»y 

June 

July 

Augnsi ... 
September 
October... 
November 
December. 


Thermometer. 


a 

s 


... 


Whole  Tetr.. 


88.80- 
80.  »• 
28.48' 
48.50* 
6T.45' 
8&.95* 
T8.0T' 
70.05' 
66.56- 
41.08* 
89.17* 
81.06* 


43. 04* 


% 

1 

M* 

w 

eo' 

6* 

00' 

0 

74*    28* 

86* 

48* 

88* 

46- 

90* 

60* 

90* 

48* 

86* 

82* 

66* 

21* 

68* 

10* 

48* 

16* 

90* 

0 

& 


42* 
64* 

60 

46* 

48* 

42-, 

80* 

48* 

64* 

45* 

68 

82* 


Qreateet  Change 
in  24  hours. 


Degr'e  of 
•  rise  or 
I    faUof 
.thermom- 
eter. 


Month. 


11. 09',  ,26*  R. 


27'  F. 


11.67' 


11. 06',  28*  R 


10.86' 

9.26' 

11.27' 


18' F. 

128*  F. 
)*R. 


9.87'i,22'F. 
12 
;i8.67'j;26'R.4F 


5.28'i«4'F. 


111.90*1  24' F. 


90' 


8.80' 
9.00' 


82*  R, 

18' 


10. 84',  82*  R. 

I 


10th. 

18th. 

28d. 

28th. 

26th. 

7th. 

22d. 

26th. 

4th. 

9th. 

8d. 

22d. 


Nov.8d. 


There  seems  to  be  nothing  very  remarkable  about  the  mete- 
orological records  in  this  State  during  the  year  1869,  and  no 
obvious  connection  between  the  facts  set  forth  in  these  tables 
and  the  death-rate.  There  can  be  no  question,  however,  but 
that,  if  sufficient  time  could  be  given  to  the  study  of  these 
conditions  in  connection  with  the  death-rate,  the  result  would 
bo  the  demonstration  of  important  relations  between  them. 


DEATHS.  1^5 

Kan's  *' struggle  for  existence^  is  largely  with  the  element**. 
As  Mr.  J.  Distumell  has  pointed  out,  the  progress  of  the  hu- 
man race  has  been  almost  completely  controlled  by  climate. 
Only  within  certain  limits  has  man  been  able  to  live  and  pro- 
gress, the  obstacles  outside  those  limits  heretofore  proving  too 
great  The  most  favorable  climate  has  been  shown  to  be  where 
the  mean  temperature  for  the  year  is  about  48®  to  62°  Fahren- 
heit; and  along  this  isothermal  line  are  a  great  majority  of 
the  most  prosperous  cities  and  countries.  Human  life  and 
progress  is  there  subject  to  the  most  favorable  circumstances. 
The  advance  of  knowledge,  like  this  we  are  here  seeking,  will 
enable  man  to  overcome  many  unfovorable  conditions,  to  make 
progress  in  climates  in  which  it  has  been  diiScult,  and  will 
tend  greatly  to  increase  the  chances  of  life  in  the  most 
favorable  locations. 

It  will  be  seen  from  the  first  column  of  Table  IX,  giving 
mean  height  of  barometer  for  each  month,  that  the  barometer 
was  highest  in  September,  corresponding  with  the  greatest 
mortality;  and  was,  in  fact,  highest  in  the  five  months  in 
which  the  greatest  number  of  deaths  occurred,  although  not 
descending  in  precisely  the  same  order  as  the  mortality  by 
months.  The  comparison  can  be  made  by  referring  to  Table 
II  in  connection  with  Table  IX. 

Table  IX  also  shows  that  the  total  rain-fall  for  1869  was 
33.153  inches, — about  two  and  one-half  inches  more  than  the 
average  at  Lansing  for  a  number  of  years  past.  The  average 
percentage  of  saturation,  or  humidity  of  the  atmosphere,  was 
81.  Average  percentage  of  cloudiness  of  the  sky,  63.  Num- 
ber of  days  on  which  it  either  rained  or  snowed,  123.  The  air 
appears  to  have  been  more  moist  at  Lansing  than  at  Monroe, 
and  the  niin-fall  greater.  This  last  is  not  in  accordance  with 
the  rule  that  the  rain-fall  becomes  less  with  the  increase  of  the 
latitude,  as  Lansing  is  about  one  degree  further  north  than 
Monroe.  The  quantity  recorded  at  Monroe  might  perhaps 
havf  l>iH'n  slightly  increased  if  the  figures  had  been  carried 


98  THIRD   REGISTBATIOX   REPORT. 

out  another  poiut  In  order  to  compare  the  humidity  of  the 
atmosphere  in  Table  XI  with  the  same  column  in  Table  IX,  it 
must  be  multiplied  by  100,  as  in  the  one  case  unity  is  taken 
as  maximum,  and  in  the  other  is  given  the  percentage  of 
saturation. 

At  Monroe  the  monthly  mean  temperature  was  highest  in 
the  months  of  July,  August,  June,  September,  May,  eto^  in 
above  order.  The  monthly  mean  temperature  at  Lansing  was 
highest  in  Auguet,  next  highest  in  July,  and  third  in  Septem- 
ber.  It  will  be  seen  by  Table  II  that  the  order  of  greatest 
mortality  was  September,  August,  October,  etc.  In  July  the 
mortality  was  below  the  average,  and  at  the  same  time  the 
temperature  was  higher  than  in  September  or  October,  and  at 
Monroe  was  higher  than  in  any  other  month.  It  is  readily 
seen  that  the  greatest  mortality  was  not  coincident  with  the 

highest  temperature,  but  occurred  two  or  three  months  after 

« 

that  period.  This  grouping  of  facts  shows,  perhaps,  the  accu- 
mulated eflfects  of  extreme  heat,  and,  possibly,  to  some  extent, 
the  effect  of  the  withdrawal  of  this  powerful  natural  stimulant. 

There  is  time  here  merely  to  glance  at  these  matters,  and  not 
sufficient  to  attempt  to  study  or  show  how  much  is  due  to  each 
of  these  several  causes ;  and  besides,  such  problems  can  only 
be  fully  elucidated  by  thorough  analysis  of  the  data  supplied 
by  numerous  statistical  observations. 

There  is,  however,  another  important  relation  between  con- 
ditions of  tcmperatui'e  and  the  death-rate,  and  that  is  the 
correspondence  between  the  time  of  extreme  daily  range  of  the 
thermometer  and  months  having  greatest  mortality.  (The 
mean  daily  range  for  the  month  is  found  by  subtracting  the 
lowest  from  the  highest  temperature  reached  each  day,  adding 
together  the  remainders,  and  dividing  the  total  by  the  number 
of  days  in  the  month.)  At  Lansing  the  mean  daily  range  of 
thermometer  was  greatest  in  September,  and  next  greatest  in 
August,  At  Monroe  the  order  by  months  was  September, 
August,  October,  etc.,  which,  so  far,  was  also  the  order  of 


DKATH8.  97 

greatest  total  mortality  in  the  State.  This  correspondenct* 
cannot,  however,  be  traced  further.  The  indication  would 
seem  to  be  that,  under  certain  conditions,  extreme  daily  range 
of  temperature  is  not  favorable  to  life.  This  question  seems 
also  to  be  a  very  proper  one  for  further  examination.  If  this 
or  either  of  the  two  last  preceding  propositions  prove  true,  the 
excessive  mortality  at  this  season  of  the  year  may  doubtless  be 
^  greatly  lessened,  for  an  important  step  is  made  towards  over- 
coming unfavorable  influences  when  we  learn  their  essential 
nature.  Indeed,  it  seems  plain  that  whenever  the  eflfects  of 
such  causes  shall  be  fully  appreciated,  they  may  be  reduced  to 
a  minimum  by  proper  clothing,  frequent  change  of  clothing, 
corresponding  with  changes  in  temperature,  and  by  means  of 
properly  regulated  artificial  heat.  No  effect  has  been  noticed 
Uiat  could  be  traced  to  single  great  changes  of  temperature* 
At  least  two  of  the  greatest  changes  of  this  kind  are  recorded 
in  months  in  which  less  than  the  average  number  of  deaths 
occurred.  The  effect  of  such  changes  can  be  better  learned  by 
compiling  the  deaths  by  weeks  instead  of  by  monfhs,  as  has 
been  done.  This  will  involve  still  further  time  and  labor,  but 
promises  valuable  knowledge  in  return. 

13 


100  THIKD  RKGI8TRATI0X   REPORT. 

Tables  XII  and  XIII  are  similar  to  Tables  I  and  11  in  the 
first  report  in  this  State,  and  have  been  prepared  for  the  pur- 
pose of  showing  the  influence  of  conditions  connected  with 
sex,  season,  and  age,  upon  the  rate  of  mortality  from  a  few 
specified  causes. 

Consumption  and  pneumonia  were  not  included,  because 
they  were  deemed  of  sufficient  importance  to  be  worthy  of 
special  study  in  tables  by  themselves. 

Cancer. — Of  the  one  hundred  and  thirteen  deaths  from  can- 
cer, sixty-six,  or  58.40  per  cent  were  females.  It  should  be  re- 
membered in  this  connection,  that  from  all  causes,  there  were 
5.39  per  cent  more  deaths  of  males  than  females,  as  shown  by 
Table  III.  The  average  percentage  of  deaths  of  females  from 
all  causes  was  47.30.  If  we  subtract  this  average  from  58.40, 
we  find  that  cancer  caused  the  death  of  11.10  per  cent  more 
females  than  the  average  proportion  from  all  causes. 

Taking  up  the  influence  of  season  upon  the  death-rate  from 
cancer,  we  find  that  during  the  first  four  months  of  the  year 
there  were  twenty-two  deaths ;  during  the  second  four  months^ 
thirty-six,  and  in  the  last  four  there  were  fifty-five.  The  great- 
est number  of  deaths  occurred  in  October,  and  the  next  great- 
est number  in  November;  the  thirty-one  deaths  in  these  two 
months  showing  a  marked  contrast  with  the  six  deaths  in 
January  and  February. 

The  influence  of  age  seems  also  to  be  important,  and  was 
even  more  strongly  marked.  Of  the  one  hundred  and  nine 
deaths  in  which  the  age  was  reported,  seventy-six  were  of  per- 
sons over  fifty  years  of  age,  leaving  only  thirty-three  under 
that  age. 

We  find,  then,  that  16.81  per  cent  more  females  than  males 
died  from  cancer  in  1869;  that  the  greatest  proportion  of 
these  deaths -occurred  in  the  autumn  and  first  winter  month; 
and  that  more  than  three-fourths  of  them  were  of  persons 
over  fifty  yeivrs  of  age. 


DEATHS.  101 

If  ihcfie  several  factfl  are  fonnd  thus  grouped  together  tlirough 
a  snfficient  nnmber  of  years  to  establish  this  collection  of  con- 
ditions as  the  general  rule,  it  is  believed  that  the  evidence  will 
be  suflBcient,  taken  in  connection  with  what  has  already  been 
worked  ont  by  the  medical  profession,  to  demonstrate  the 
essential  nature  of  cancer,  and  tend  to  place  this  dreaded 
malady  within  the  class  of  preventable  diseases. 

Cephalitis. — By  referring  to  Table  IV,  it  will  be  seen  that, 
&om  all  causes,  the  percentage  of  deaths  of  males  to  total  was 
52.69.  Comparing  this  with  Table  XIII,  we  find  that  the  pro- 
portion of  deaths  of  males  from  cephalitis  was  1.39  per  cent 
greater  than  the  average.  The  difference  between  the  per- 
centages of  the  sexes  is  7.97,  while  the  average  difference  from 
all  causes  was  5.39. 

The  greatest  number  of  deaths  from  this  disease  in  any  one 
month  was  thirty-eight,  in  September.  The  least  numbers 
occurred  in  January,  June,  July,  and  November,  correspond- 
ing, so  far,  with  the  mortality  from  all  causes.  The  compari- 
son holds  so  far  that  the  disease  would  seem  to  result  from  a 
general,  or  at  least  an  average  cause,  especially  as  from  this 
disease  alone  there  were  not  a  suflScient  number  of  deaths  to 
control  the  general  result. 

The  conditions  of  age  are  quite  important,  for  of  the  226 
deaths,  146  were  of  children  under  five  years  of  age.  There 
were  no  deaths  reported  from  this  disease  of  persons  aged  over 
seventy. 

Oroup^ — The  sexes  suffered  from  this  disease  about  equally. 
The  following  "Exhibit  A"  gives  the  number  and  percent- 
age of  deaths  in  each  month  in  the  order  of  mortality,  and  is 
believed  to  be  of  sufiScient  importance  to  well  repay  a  careful 
study.  It  is,  perhaps,  proper  to  acknowledge  that  the  precon- 
ceived opinion  of  the  compiler  was  in  accordance  with  the 
evidence  here  presented,— rthat,  in  fact,  it  appears  as  the  result 
of  search  on  his  part.  Attention  is  also  called  to  the  fact  that 
the  coincidences  of  conditions  which  are  here  so  marked,  can- 


102 


THIRD   REOISTRATIOK    REPORT. 


not  be  found  if  the  meteorologieal  tables  compiled  from  obser- 
vations made  at  Lansing  be  used  instead  of  the  one  from 
Monroe,  which  has  been  used  in  this  instance.  Nevertheless 
the  subject  appears  to  be  well  worthy  of  study  hereafter,  and 
the  plan,  or  ground-work,  is  accordingly  here  laid  out. 


EXHIBIT  Ai  of  the  order  of  Greatest  Mortality  froin  Croup, 
by  tnonihs,  with  some  meteorological  conditions  connected 
therewith. 


MON'TOS,  1>«9. 


•-    r 


t 

8 

a 

U 

£ 

o 


m        • 

so 
S  o 


1 1.  December . 
2.  September 

8.  AogUBt 

8.  February.. 

8.  March 

4.  January... 

4.  October 

4.  November . 

6.  April 

6.  May 

6.  Juno 

7.  July 


5 


o 


16 

11 

10 

10 

10 

9 

9 

9 

8 
5 
5 
8 


Average |     8.75 


I- 

88 

0^ 


15.88 
10.47 

9.52 

9.52 

9.52 

S.56 

S.66 

I 
8.56  ! 

7.61 
4.76  ! 


I 


2.85 


>M 


Mean  dally  range 
of  Temperature. 

Relative  humidity 
of  Atmosphere. 

G 

5^ 

♦9.00' 

0.125 

1.82 

al8.67* 

.223 

2.67 

al2.28^ 

fl.l25 

1.45 

flll.67' 

♦.650 

♦8.25 

11.06* 

<'.825 

2.25 

11.09' 

.200 

.ro 

11.90- 

.050 

.81 

♦jji.so- 

a.l2o 

1.16 

10.86' 

(7.850 

♦2.60 

9.26' 

.62:. 

5.61 

♦11.27' 

a.600 

0.45 

O.S7^ 

.650 

3.90 

10.Si4^ 

.274 

2.:o 

II 


081.05- 
•68.55* 
♦70.05' 
aSO.99^ 
029.48- 
88.8u> 
41.9^' 
088.17* 

♦46.»- 
67.45- 

O60.9&' 
7».07 

4e.04 


♦  Exception?!,    a  PoKHiblc  explanations  of  exceptions. 

The  evidence  derived  from  this  Exhibit  is,  first,  that  the 
meteorological  conditions  which  existed  at  ^fouroe  during  the 
months  in  which  there  were  the  greatest  number  of  deaths 
from  this  disease,  were  in  marked  contrast  with  the  set  of  04)n- 
ditioiis  observed  during  the  months  in  which  the  least  number 
occurred.    There  are  so  few  exceptions  to  the  general  tendency 


DEATHS.  103 

of  the  evidence  that  it  seems  difficult  to  avoid  the  conclusion 
that  some  of  these  conditions  were  the  cause  of  death,  if  not 
the  exciting  cause  of  this  disease.  It  will  Ije  noticed  that  the 
least  number  of  deaths  occurred  in  July,  when  the  mean  dailj 
range  of  temperature  was  less  than  the  average  for  the  year, 
when  the  humidity  of  the  atmosphere  was  greatest,  the  rain- 
fall greatest,  and  the  mean  temperature  higher  than  in  any 
other  month.  The  air  then  was  warm,  moist,  and  uniform  in 
temperature,  and  the  number  of  deaths  from  this  disease  in 
each  month  seems  to  have  been  in  direct  proportion  to  the 
absence  of  one  or  more  of  these  conditions,  although  more 
closely  connected  with  humidity  than  with  either  of  the  other 
twa  This  is  partially  made  apparent  l)y  comparing  July  with 
August,  which  was  third  in  order  of  mortality,  and  was  next 
to  the  highest  month  in  temperatuixs  but  the  humidity  was 
not  one-half  of  the  average,  and  the  mean  daily  range  of  tem- 
l>erature  was  next  to  that  of  the  highest  month.  The  insuffi- 
riency  of  range  of  temperature  alone,  as  a  cause,  is  shown  by 
a  study  of  the  cojiditions  in  November,  when  there  were  more 
than  an  average  number  of  deaths,  and  the  mean  daily  range 
for  the  month,  was  the  least  in  the  year;  but  here  again  the 
humidity  was  slight,  and  the  temi)eraturc  was  al§o  low.  The 
greatest  number  of  deaths  occurred  in  December,  when  the 
range  of  temperature  was  slightly  less  than  the  avenige,  but 
the  air  was  very  dry  and  cold,  the  mean  temperature  for  the 
month  being  31.05^F.  These  observations  are  of  uut-door 
conditions,  and  it  sliould  l)e  remembered  that  the  capacity  ol 
air  for  moisture  is  much  less  when  cold  than  when  warm,  so 
that  cold  air  saturated  with  moisture,  if  heated,  calls  for  moi*e 
water,  and  will  have  it,  even  though  it  be  taken  out  of  our 
lK>dies.  If  the  air  be  heated  lieforo  breathing,  there  is  Home 
chance  of  its  obtaining  moisture  from  other  sources,  but  if  it 
be  breathed  cold,  and  heated  by  contact  with  the  air  passages 
while  confined  therein,  it  must  take  from  them  an  unusual 
amount  of   moisture,  tending  to  render  tliem  dry,  parched. 


104  THIRD   HBG18TKATI0N   REPORT. 

and  inflamed,  if  long  continued.    Croup  is  an  inflammation 
of  the  tissues  lining  the  air  passages. 

Consider,  for  a  moment,  some  of  the  familiar  conditions 
under  which  children  in  country  residences  have  croup.  Dur- 
ing the  day  they  are  about  the  house  breathing  the  air  which 
has  been  heated,  and  in  many  cases  quite  liberally  supplied 
with  moisture  from  the  kettles  upon  the  stove,  and,  although 
they  may  have  coughed  a  little  the  night  before,  the  parents 
have  no  uneasiness  until  after  the  cooking  has  been  done  for 
the  day,  and  the  air  beginning  to  lack  moisture,  a  little  one 
again  begins  to  cough ;  perhaps  not,  however,  until  all  have 
gone  to  bed,  the  fire  out,  and  the  crisp,  cold  air  is  breathed  in, 
heated,  and  carries  off  with  each  expiration  a  great  amount  of 
moisture,  and,  depositing  it  upon  the  window  pane,  again  re- 
turns for  more,  until  finally  the  family  are  startled  by  the 
peculiar,  dry,  metallic,  croupy  cough.  It  is  none  too  early 
then  to  rapidly  build  a  fii*e,  put  on  the  k?a-kettle,  and  perhaps 
send  for  the  doctor. 

Diarrhea. — This  disease  was  fifth  in  order  of  greatest  mor- 
tality, and  resulted  in  the  death  of  295  persons,  of  whom  there 
were  thirty-one  more  males  than  females, — a  diflferenoe  of 
10.45  per  cent  The  greatest  number  of  deaths  occurred  in 
August,  September,  July,  and  October,  in  above  order.  In 
these  four  months  there  were  234  deaths,  leaving  only  sixty- 
one  to  be  distributed  through  the  other  months;  the  least 
number  being  two,  in  February.  Two  hundred  and  sixty-one, 
or  88  per  cent  of  all  the  deaths,  were  of  children  under  five 
years  of  age.  The  period  of  age  between  fifteen  and  twenty 
was  most  exempt  from  death  by  this  cause,  only  one  having 
been  recorded. 

Diptheria, — Rather  more  than  the  average  number  of  males 
died  from  this  disease.  The  order  of  mortality  for  the  four 
worst  months  was  September,  October,  December,  and  March, 
which  wag  the  same  as  in  first  report  The  number  for  these 
months  was  respectively,  fourteen,  twelve,  ten,  and  nine.    Fifty- 


DBATHS.  105^ 

two  per  cent  of  all  deaths  were  of  children  under  five,  and 
twenty-six  per  cent  were  between  five  and  ten  yearB  of  age. 
The  death  of  only  one  person  was  recorded  over  forty  years  ot 
age,  this  one  being  between  fifty  and  sixty. 

Dysentery. — A  very  large  proportion  of  the  deaths  from  this 
disease  were  of  males,  being  57.62  per  cent.  The  order  of 
greatest  mortality  was  September,  August,  October,  July,  etc. 
In  the  four  months  mentioned  there  were  respectively  ninety- 
six,  sixty-three,  thirty-one,  and  twelve  deaths,  making  two 
hundred  and  two,  and  leaving  thirty-four  to  be  distributed 
through  the  other  months.  Only  two  deaths  occurred  in 
February,  and  two  in  March.  The  deaths  from  this  disease 
were  not  quite  as  closely  confined  to  children  as  were  those 
fipom  diarrhea,  although  79  per  cent  were  of  children  under 
five  years  of  age.  The  age  at  which  the  least  number  occurred 
was  the  same  as  for  diarrhea — between  fifteen  and  twenty,  dur- 
ing which  period  less  than  one  per  cent  of  the  deaths  occurred. 

Measles. — This  disease  also  caused  the  death  of  many  more 
males  than  females.  The  greatest  proportion  occurred  in  the 
latter  part  of  winter  and  spring.  The  greatest  number  in  one 
month  was  twenty-nine,  in  March.  In  1868  the  greatest  num- 
ber was  also  reported  in  March.  In  order  to  show  whether  or 
not  the  deaths  from  this  disease  depend  mainly  upon  season, 
and  the  disease  of  itself  not  necessarily  fatal  if  the  surround- 
ing conditions  are  properly  regulated,  a  few  years'  time  might 
Buflice,  if  the  question  could  be  studied  in  connection  with 
these  statistics ;  and,  in  addition,  we  could  have  the  number 
of  cases  of  sickness  from  this  disease. 

Scarlatina. — This  was  sixth  in  the  order  of  causes  producing 
greatest  mortality,  and  resulted  in  the  death  of  252  persons. 
The  proportion  of  females  was  slightly  greater  than  the  ave- 
rage. It  was  most  fatal  in  December,  causing  thirty-nine 
deaths,  and  next  in  March ;  then  the  order  was  April,  October, 
September,  June,  January;  in  November  fifteen  deaths,  and 
fourteen  in  each  of  the  months  of  February,  May,  July,  and 
14 


106  THIBD  REGI8TEATI0N  REPORT. 

August  In  the  first  Report  in  this  State,  the  greatest  number 
of  deaths  were  in  December,  and  in  the  second  Report  the 
number  in  this  month  was  next  to  the  greatest  So  far  as  this 
goes,  it  indicates  that  the  deaths  are  in  some  measure  depend- 
ent upon  conditions  of  season,  and  goes  towards  enforcing  the 
yalue  of  the  knowledge  already  established  by  the  medical  pro- 
fession. During  the  general  destruction  and  throwing  off  of 
the  skin  and  lining  membranes  of  the  excretory  organs,  par- 
ticularly of  the  kidneys,  now  known  to  be  a  source  of  danger 
in  this  disease,  it  is  insisted  that  these  organs  should  be  helped 
as  much  as  possible,  that  while  the  kidneys  are  in  such  bad 
condition  the  skin  should  relieve  them  and  supplement  their 
action  to  some  extent,  by  increased  excretion  through  perspira- 
tion. This  cannot  well  occur  in  December  without  extra  arti- 
ficial aid,  and  as  winter  comes  on  it  might,  perhaps,  be  ex- 
pected that  more  deaths  would  result  There  are  many  things 
to  be  considered,  however,  and  among  them  the  greater  liability 
to  spread  the  disease  at  seasons  of  the  year  when  children  come 
most  together,  at  school  or  at  play.  It  is  to  be  hoped  that  tho 
time  will  soon  come  when  the  subject  will  appear  of  suflScient 
importance  to  induce  the  people  to  take  measures  to  stop  the 
spread  of  this  disease  by  destroying  the  contagious  matter, 
through  the  proper  use  of  such  effective  agents  as  carbolic 
acid  and  fire. 

Typhoid  Fever. — A  greater  number  of  deaths  were  rcix)rted 
from  this  cause  than  from  any  other,  except  consumption.  The 
number  was  437.  The  proportion  of  the  sexes  was  about  the 
average.  The  greatest  number  of  deaths  in  one  month  wa« 
•79,  in  October;  the  order  of  mortality,  by  months,  was  then, 
September,  76;  August,  51;  November,  45;  December,  38, 
when  the  number  was  rapidly  decreased,  the  least  in  one  month 
being  16,  in  June.  The  age  at  which  the  greatest  number  died 
was  during  the  period  from  twenty  to  thirty;  next  greatest 
number,  between  fifteen  and  twenty ;  then,  under  five  years  of 
age,  but  no  period  of  age  was  entirely  exempt 


DEATHS.  107 

Whooping  Cough, — One  hundred  and  fifty-eight  deaths  were 
reported  from  this  cause.  The  difference  in  the  percentages 
of  the  sexes  was  1.90  more  females  than  males,  while  the  aver- 
age from  all  causes  was  5.39  more^  males  than  females.  The 
greatest  number  in  one  month  was  29,  in  September.  The 
least  number  was  3,  in  January.  All  deaths  except  nine  were 
of  children  under  five  years  of  age. 


108 


iraiRD  REGISTRATION  REPORT. 


TABLE  XIV— OCCUPATIONS. 

Exhibitingy  by  Classified  Occupations^  the  Number^  with  ihe 
Aggregate  and  Average  Ages,  of  all  whose  Occupations  and 
Ages  were  Returned,  of  those  who  Died  during  the  Year 
1869,  aged  Twenty  Years  and  over.  Months  and  Days 
Excluded. 


m 

CD 


OCCUPATIONS. 


I. 
II. 

m. 

IV. 

V. 

VI. 

vn. 
vni. 

IX. 
X. 

XI. 

I. 


All  classes  of  occupations. 


Cultivators  of  the  Earth 

Active  Mechanics  Abroad 

Active  Mechanics  in  Shops... 
Inactive  Mechanics  in  Shops. 
Laborers— No  Special  Trades 
Agents,  Laborers  abroad,  etc 

Seafaring  Men 

Soldiers 

Business  Men 

Professional  Men,  etc 

Females 


n. 


m. 


Cultivators  of  the  Earth.. 

Farmers 

Gardeners 


Active  Mechanics  Abroad. 

Brlckobakers 

Carpenters 

Masons 

Painters 

Stencil  Cutters 


I 


o 


Active  Mechanics  in  Shopa. . 
Blacksmiths 


1,6C8 

951 
8T 
97 
M 

143 
47 
24 
4 
87 
55 

819 

951 

6 

87 
1 

66 

18 

6 

1 

97 
28 


Agss. 


Aggregate. 


94,741 

68,195 
4,472 
4,S12 
2.965 
6,768 
1,855 
968 
189 
8,800 
2,654 

14,148 

68,195 

52,908 

298 

4,478 

60 

8,811 

755 

804 

43 

4,818 
1,167 


Average. 


60.86 

05.98 
51.40 
49M 
64.90 
40JS3 
44.16 
89J08 

48.er 

48.85 
41.80 

66.98 
65.98 

68.60 

61.40 
60n00 
60.16 
68.0T 
60.66 
48.00 

49.60 

58.04 


DEATHS. 


109 


TABLE  XIV— OoNTiNUBD. 


OOCX7PATION8. 

i 

o 

6 

55 

Aais. 

s 

Aggregate. 

Average. 

IlL 

Actiye  MechaDics  in  Staop»— (Continned). 
Boiler  Mftken 

8 

2 
8 

115 

162 

77 

68 

888 

44 

60 

484 

85 

62 

82 

149 

708 

678 

64 

180 

90 

71 

65 

87 

47 

86 

74 

2,965 
91 
68 
95 
98 
106 
145 

88416 

Brewers... - 

40.00 

Batton  Makers 

77.00 

Cabinet  Makers 

68.00 

Carriage  and  Wagon  Makers 

Carvers - 

54.71 
44.00  V 

Cooks ,_ - 

60.00 

Coopers 

60.60 

Filers 

85.00 

Oonsmitbs 

62.00 

Lock<^mlth^ 

82.00 

Machinists 

87.25 

Mechanics 

48.96 

Millers 

61.76 

Millwrights 

64.00 

Potters - 

65.00 

Pnmp  Makers 

45.00 

28.66 

Tinkers 

65.00 

Trf  nnn«^rf ,    . 

87.00 

Undertakers 

47.00 

Upholsterers. 

85.00 

Weivurs 

74.00 

IV. 

Tntctlve  Mechanics  in  Shop** 

M.90 

Barbers. 

21.00 

Cigar  Makers 

68.00 

Glove  Makers 

47.60 

Hatters 

98.00 

Jewelers 

5100 

Saddlers  and  Harness  Makers 

48.88 

110 


THIRD  REOI8TRATI0K  REPORT. 


TABLE  XIV— CoOTiNUED. 


OD 


OCCUPATIONS. 


Aoxs. 


Aggregate. 


Axeths^ 


IV. 


V. 


VI. 


Inactive  Mechanics  in'Shof>8—<ContInaed). 

Bhoemakera 

Tailors 

Laborers— No  Special  Trades 

Copper  Washers 

Laborers 

Laborers  on  RaUroad 

Mill  Hands. 

Miners 

Qnarryinen .. .. . 

RafUmen _ 

Railroad  Repairers 

Wdl  Diggers 

Agents,  Laborers  abroad,  etc 

Agents 

Baggage  Masters 

Butchers 

Depoty  SheriiliB 

Draymen - 

Engineers 

Fishers  andHnnters _ 

Hack  Drivers 

Hotel  Ranners 

Hunters 

Hunters  and  Farmers  (Indian) 

Indian  Chiefs 

Lumbermen 

MlneCoptains 

Musicians — 

Peddlers 

PoUoemen ^ 


28 
16 

148 

1 

ISO 


886 

5,768 
54 

4,986 
154 
«T 
419 
SO 
50 
88 
9T 

1,865 
98 
29 

\U 
85 
86 

S72 
85 
46 
8T 

140 
67 
98 

M7 
54 
24 
tt 
44 


65.50 
56.8T 

40  JS 
24.00 
4t.lt 
88.50 
27.00 
86.0O 
dOiO) 
29.60 
88.00 
4MS0 

44.16 
46.50 
29.00 
41.50 
85,00 
26.00 
88.86 
85XK> 
46w00 
87.00 
TOwOO 
67.00 
98.00 
58.40 
54.00 
24.00 
22w00 
44i00 


DEATHS. 


ni 


TABLE  XIV— Continued. 


Aois 


VI. 


VIL 


yni. 


tx. 


Agents,  Laborers  Abroad,  etc.— (Continaed): 

Railroad  Condactors 

RevenQo  Officers 

Selling  Fruit  Troe« 

Teamaters 

Veterinarj  Snrgeons 

SeafluingMen 

Piahennen 

Sailom 

Soldlenj.: 

Captains 

Soldiers , 

BnaincM  Men 

Aactioneerf 

Bankers 

Boarding  House  Eecpen* 

Book-ke^y^rs 

Builders...., 

Clerkf 

Druggists 

Foundry  Proprietors 

Pumitgro  Dealers 

Grocers 

Hotel  Keepers 

Jobbers 

Lumber  Dealers 

Lumber  Manufacturers 

Mannfocturers 

Merchants... 

Mill  Owners _ 


1 

1 
1 
5 
8 

S4 
T 

17 

A 
X 
8 

87 
1 
1 
I 
5 
1 
9 
1 
1 
1 
7 
9 
1 
2 
2 
1 

27 
1 


Aggregate. 


Average. 


89 

88.00 

46 

46.00 

80 

80.00 

218 

48.60 

86 

48.00 

988 

89.08 

271 

88.n 

667 

89.28 

189 

84.75 

68 

68.00 

7« 

25.88 

8,800 

> 

48.67 

59 

59.00 

88 

28.00 

45 

45.00 

181 

86.20 

76 

76.00 

241 

26.77 

25 

26.00 

67 

07.00 

61 

61.00 

802 

48.14 

488 

48.11 

49 

49.00 

140 

70.00 

60 

80.00 

69 

69.00 

1,216 

45.08 

64 

64.00 

112 


THIRD   REQISTBATIOK  REPOBT. 


TABLE  XIV— CoKTiNUED. 


OCCUPATIONS. 


g 

AOBS. 

Aggregate. 

^ 

no 

55.09 

77 

77.08 

M 

88M 

49 

49.00 

808 

48.98 

45 

4^00 

58 

99^ 

98 

9Mb 

55 

2.854 

48.95 

80 

90M 

108 

58.08 

118 

58.00 

11 

894 

58.71 

48 

48.00 

54 

M.00 

11 

580 

48.18 

15 

887 

07.88 

80 

80.08 

105 

91.00 

148 

99.20 

819 

14,148 

41.99 

40 

4aoo 

88 

88.08 

49 

49jOO 

88 

88j08 

118 

5,098 

4 

140 

8,998 

44.45 

897 

48.tl 

ST5 

4S.89 

99 

99.08 

IX. 


X. 


Bosiooes  Men^CoQtinaed). 

RetlEetate  Agents 

Retired  0«nUeinen 

Railroad  Contractors.^ 

Railroad  Secretary  and  Treasurer. 

Saloon  Keepers 

Specolators 

Telegraphers 

Tobacconists 


XI. 


Professional  Men,  etc.. 

Artists 

Catholic  Priests 

Circuit  Judges 

Clergymen 

Editors 

I. 

Justices  of  the  Peace. 

Lawyers 

PhysioianB 

Sculptors 

Students 

Teachers...: 


Females 

Cablne^maker8'  Wires. 

Carpenters*  Wives , 

Coopers'  Wire^ 

Employed  on  Lake 

Farmers'  Wires 

Housekeepers 

Housework 

Laborers 

Mechanics'  Wires 


DEATHS. 


113 


TABLE  XIV— CoNTiNUBD. 


m 


OCCUPATIONS. 


XI. 


a 
i 


o 

»5 


AOI8. 


Aggregite. 


Average. 


Femalee  — (Conti  nued) . 

MerdiaDts 

Merchants*  Wires ... 

Mininen 

Physicians'  WItos... 

Sawyen*  Wires 

Seamstresses 

Servants 

Stage-drirers*  Wires 

Straw  Workers 

Teachers 

Weavers 


88 

04 

76 

72 

28 

280 

48 

26 

27 

19 

401 

445 

88.<M) 
47.00 
25.88 
72.00 
28.00 
48.16 
21.50 
25.00 
27.00 
28.78 
74.10 


The  returns  compiled  in  Table  XIV  were  not  yet  perfect. 
Subtracting  from  the  whole  number  of  deaths  all  those  under 
twenty  years  of  age,  and  all  whose  age  was  unknown,  and 
there  remain  3,965  cases  in  which  the  occupation  might  have 
been  given,  while  it  was  given  in  only  1,863  cases,  or  of  less 
than  one-half  of  all  persons  who  were  reported  as  having  died 
at  and  above  the  age  of  twenty  years.  The  information  to  be 
derived  from  this  table  is  valuable,  notwithstanding,  and  there 
is  reason  for  congratulation  that  in  this  Keport  the  occupation 
is  given  in  a  greater  proportion  of  cases  than  in  the  Report  for 
1868  for  Massachusetts,  where  they  have  collected  statistics  for 
twenty-seven  years. 

The  average  age  of  all,  twenty  and  over,  whose  occupations 
and  ages  were  returned,  was  50.85  years.  This  is  only  .28  of  a 
year  different  from  the  average  in  Massachusetts  for  twenty- 
five  years  and  eight  months,  ending  December  31st,  1868,  that 
average  being  50.57.  If  other  things  were  equal,  this  would 
15 


114  THIBD   RBOISTRATIOV   REPORT. 

indicate  that  the  death-rate  of  persons  aged  twenty  and  over 
was  about  the  same  in  this  State  as  in  Massachusetts,  while 
the  fact  is  that  if  the  population  of  Massachusetts  for  1868  be 
estimated  at  1,289,200,  as  given  on  page  65  of  their  Report  for 
that  year,  and  the  percentage  of  deaths  reported  of  persona 
twenty  and  over,  be  taken,  it  will  be  found  to  be  about  three 
times  as  great  as  the  percentage  of  deaths  of  persons  at  cor- 
responding ages  reported  in  this  State  in  1869,  using  as  a  basis 
of  calculation  the  estimated  population  in  1869,  found  by  sub- 
tracting thirty  thousand  from  that  of  June,  1870,  as  at  page 
59  of  this  Beport    There  may  be  several  explanations  of  this 
discrepancy,  among  which  may  be  mentioned,  first,  the  fact 
that  the  occupation  is  not  given,  in  either  State,  in  one-half 
the  cases  in  which  it  might  be;  secondly,  the  probability  that 
in  this  State  the  records  of  mortality  are  not  yet  quite  as 
closely  collected  as  they  are  in  Massachusetts,  and  if  so,  the 
death-rate  in  this  State  is  accordingly  low;  thiixlly,  the  popu- 
lation being  largely  made  up  of  people  from  othej*  States,  and 
young  people  more  likely  than  old  to  leave  their  homes  and  go 
to  a  new  State,  there  is  a  smaller  proportion  of  old  people  in 
the  population, — the  average  age  of  the  people  is  probably  less 
than  in  Massachusetts.    Again,  the  death-rate  is  low  because 
the  most  vigorous  of  the  young  people  tend  to  settle  in  new 
States.    And,  finally,  the  rate  is  low,  it  is  believed,  because  the 
climatic  and  other  natural  conditions  for  life  and  longevity 
are  as  good  in  this  State  as  in  any  other  State,- territory,  or 
country.    Although  lying,  in  great  part,  north  of  the  isother- 
,mal  line,  which  has  been  pointed  out  as  the  most  favorable  to 
human  prosperity,  the  large  bodies  of  water  which  surround 
the  Lower  Peninsula,  except  on  the  south,  render  the  atmos- 
phere much  more  uniform  as  regards  humidity  and  tempera- 
ture, than  it  would  be  otherwise,  or  than  it  is  in  other  places. 
In  the  light  of  what  appears  in  this  Report  (pp.  62, 9C,  and  97) 
regarding  the  connection  between  moan  daily  range  of  tem- 
perature and  the  death-rate,  this  fact  seems  to  bo  of  more 


DEATHS.  115 

importance  than  would  at  first  appear.  The  reports  of  vital 
statistics  of  other  States  have  not  generally  shown,  in  connec- 
tion with  the  death-rate,  the  mean  daily  range  of  temperature. 
In  Massachusetts,  where  vital  statistics  have  been  systematically 
and  carefully  kept  for  twenty-eight  years,  if  this  point  had 
been  considered,  the  question  of  its  influence  might,  so  far  as 
that  State  is  concerned,  have  been  long  since  decided. 

It  will  be  seen  that  more  than  one-half  of  the  whole  number 
whose  occupations  and  ages  were  given,  were  cultivators  of  the 
soil.  The  average  age  of  tlicse  951  persons  was  55.93  years, — 
the  highest  average  of  all  the  classes.  The  order  was  then, 
inactive  mechanics  in  shops,  54.90 ;  active  mechanics  abroad, 
51.40;  active  mechanics  in  shops,  49.60;  professional  men, 
48.25 ;  agents,  laborers  abroad,  etc.,  44.1G ;  business  men, 
43.67;  females,  41.20;  laborers,  40.32;  sea-faring  men,  39.08; 
soldiers,  34.75. 

In  Class  I,  the  gardeners  lived  to  a  gi'cater  age  than  the 
farmers,  by  three  years.  Among  the  active  mechanics  abroad 
was  one  brickmaker  aged  60.  The  masons  lived  next  longest, 
their  average  age  being  58.07.  In  other  Classes  there  were 
long-lived  individuals  in  several  occupations,  for  instance:  one 
hatter  agod  93 ;  button  maker,  77 ;  weaver,  74 ;  one  Indian 
chief,  93;  two  hunters  averaged  70;  one  Indian,  hunter  and 
farmer,  57.  Of  the  laborers,  well-diggers  averaged  the  longest 
lived,  and  they  only  48.50  years.  Professional  men  were  the 
fifth  class  in  the  order,  averaging  48.25  years.  This  was  made 
low  by  including  the  students  and  teachers.  If  only  the  three 
professions  of  Divinity,  Law,  and  Medicine  be  taken,  the  aver- 
age would  be  54.70, — about  equal  to  the  inactive  mechanics  in 
shops, — while  physicians  alone  averaged  older  than  any  one  of 
the  classes,  being  57.80  years,  a  higher  average  than  any  other 
employment  in  which  so  large  a  number  was  reported.  Busi- 
ness men,  as  a  class,  were  a  little  over  seven  years  short  of  the 
average.  Several  individuals,  however,  were  quite  old.  One 
retired  gentleman  was  77;   builder,   76;    lumber  dealer.  70. 


126 


THIRD   REOISTRATIOK   REPORT. 


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127 


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128 


THIBD    KEGISTRATIOX   REPORT. 


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130 


THIRD    REOISTBATION   REPORT. 


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148  THIRD    REOISTKATIOX   REPORT. 

Remarks  on   Table  AT,  and  hints  designed  io  aid  in  iU 
analysis. — The  plan  of  clasaifieation  is  the  same  as  in  preyiom 
reports,  being  the  one  in  most  general  use  in  this  and  other 
countries.    A  new  and  uniform  system  of  classification,  it  is 
believed,  would  greatly  facilitate  the  advance  of  knowledge  in 
this  direction ;  but  while  other  States  hold  to  this  plan,  it  is 
only  by  so  doing  that  we  can  make  comparisons  with  them. 
No  extensive  comparisons  between  this  and  other  States  can 
yet  be  made  to  good  advantage,  because  of  the  extremel; 
slight  attention  which  this  subject  has  received  in  this  State 
Of  the  States  whose  reports  are  at  hand,  Massaofansetta  is,  per- 
haps, the  one  most  favorable  for  this  purpose,  having,  so  &r. 
furnished  the  model  vital  statistics,  after  which  other  States 
have  copied  to  a  great  extent.    By  this  classification,  all  deaths 
from  specified  causes  are  finally  arranged  in  five  classes,  and 
the  number  of  deaths  from  each,  in  the  State,  and  in  each 
county,  is  shown  in  the  table.    The  classes  are  made  up  of 
orders,  and  the  orders  of  the  specified  causes  of  death.    The 
method  of  analysis  and  comparison  should  be  the  same  in  each 
case,  but  will,  this  time,  only  be  applied  to  the  classes,  and 
with  them,  only  extend  to  divisions  of  the  State.    The  pro- 
portion of  deaths  from  each  class  for  1869,  and  the  average  of 
all  yet  reported,  and  comparisons  with  the  same  classifications 
in  Massachusetts,  will  he  seen  by  the  following: 


DEATHS. 


I4i> 


EXHIBIT  B. 

/Percentage  of  Deaths  from  each  Class  of  Causes  to  Deaths 
from  all  Specified  Causes,  in  this  State^for  the  year  1869^ 
for  Two  and  Three-quarters  years,  ending  with  1869,  and  in 
Massachicsetts  for  Five  years  ending  with  1868,  and  Com- 
parisons between  the  same. 


CLASSES. 


I — Zymotic  Dieea6e<) 

II— Con«tltational  Diseases... 

jn — Local  Discane^ 

rv — Developmenul  Diseases. 
V— Violent  Deaths 


28.14 


S9.80 


25.08 1   22.27 
26.041   81.07 


16.47 
4.27 


11.46 
6.89 


• 

w 

• 

2^^ 

4a  >S 

1. 

5^ 

Ex's  over 
ofav'ge 
years  in 

81.95 

.66 

22.05 

3.81 

8.08 

29.68 

5.08 

10.86 

5.01 

........ 

6.12 

5.96 

2.12 

3.81 


8.64 


1.6S 


The  difference  shown  here  between  the  two  States  is  no 
greater  than  between  different  years  in  Massachusetts,  although 
it  is,  perhaps,  in  a  little  different  direction.  So  far  as  this 
comparison  goes,  it  will  be  seen  that  in  Massachusetts  a  greater 
proportion  of  deaths  occurred  from  constitutional  and  devel- 
opmental  diseases.  (What  special  diseases  are  included  in  these 
classes,  can  be  seen  by  referring  to  the  table.  Consumption  is 
the  principal  one  in  Class  II,  and  old  age  and  still-births  in 
Class  IV.)  In  this  State  a  greater  proportion  of  deaths  oc- 
curred from  zymotic  and  local  diseases,  and  from  violence. 
The  difference  between  the  two  States  is  not  as  great  as  we 
shall  find  between  different  parts  of  our  own  State;  as  might 
be  expected,  when  it  is  remembered  that  between  the  northern 
and  southern  parts  of  Michigan  the  difference  in  latitude  is  as 
great  as  it  is  between  the  northern  part  of  Maine  and  the 
southern  part  of  Massachusetts.  In  order  to  make  some 
slight  use  of  the  very  favorable  conditions  existing  in  this 
State  for  studying  the  causes  of  death,  the  State  has  been 
divided  into  eleven  geographical  divisions,  in  each  of  which 
some  of  the  conditions  are  obviously  different  from  those  of 


150  THIRD    REGlriTKATlON    HKPOKT. 

any  other  diyision.  Geological  and  topographical  differences, 
although  of  great  iraportance,  cannot,  in  this  report,  receive 
the  time  and  attention  deserved.  The  coming  report  of  the 
State  Geologist  will  doubtless  contain  much  more  of  value  in 
this  connection,  and  will  furnish  material  with  which  the  fu- 
ture compiler  of  these  vital  statistics  can,  if  provision  be  made 
for  it,  trace  much  more  closely  the  conditions  and  causes  of 
death  in  the  several  geographical  divisions.  Some  other  divis- 
ion of  the  State,  based  upon  surface  fonnation,  water  supply, 
soil,  and  vegetable  products,  should  also  yield  valuable  knowl- 
edge in  connection  with  these  statistics;  in  fact,  there  is  here 
a  vast  field,  as  yet  untilled  and  barren,  which  a  very  small  out- 
lay should  render  productive  of  much  good  to  the  i)eople- 
The  following  are  the  divisions  here  adopted,  and  the  counties 
embraced  in  each :  Upper  Peninsula — Includes  all  the  countie^^ 
there  from  which  returns  wore  received.  Northwestern — In- 
cludes counties  of  Benzie,  Grand  Traverse,  Leelanaw,  Manis- 
tee, and  Wexford.  Northern— Includes  Antrim,  Charlevoix, 
Cheboygan,  and  Emmet.  Northeastern — Includes  Alcona,  Al- 
pena, and  Iosco.  Western — Includes  Kent,  Mason,  Muskegon, 
Newaygo,  Oceana,  Osceola,  and  Ottawa.  Northern  Central — 
Isabella,  Mecosta,  and  Midland.  Central — Barrv,  Clinton, 
Eaton,  Genesee,  Gratiot,  Ingham,  Ionia,  Livingston,  Mont- 
calm, and  •  Shiawassee.  Bay  and  Eastern — Bay,  Huron,  La- 
peer, Saginaw,  Sanilac,  St.  Clair,  and  Tuscola.  Southwestern 
— Allegan,  Berrien,  Cass,  and  Van  Buren.  Southern  Central 
— Branch,  Calhoun,  Hillsdale,  Jackson,  Kalamazoo.  Lenawee, 
St  Joseph,  and  Washtenaw.  SoutheasteiTi — Macomb,  Monroe, 
Oakland,  and  Wayne. 

All  these  divisions,  except  the  three  central,  are  bordered  on 
at  leaat  one  side  by  water,  but  therc^is  great  diversity  in  the 
relative  position  of  the  land  and  water.  The  death-rate  from 
all  causes,  and  the  proportion  of  the  deaths  from  each  class  of 
causes  to  the  total  from  all  si)ecified  causes,  in  each  of  these 
divisions,  }B  here  shown : 


DEATHS. 


151 


EXHIBIT  C. 

Percentage  of  Ikatlta,  from  all  causes,  to  PopuIatioUy  and  Per 
Cent  of  Deaths  from  each  Vims  of  Causes  to  Deaths  from 
all  Specified  Causes,  for  the  State,  and  for  eleven  Oeograph- 
ical  Divisions  of  the  State,  during  the  geur  1860. 


STAtE  AM» 

^iEOORAPinCAI. 

DIVISIONS. 

Stute 

L'pper  PeoluMila  Divlwion. 

Xorthwc««tcni 

Korthero 

!!7orthc««tcro 

Weitem 

Sorthern  Central 

Ccntnl 

Bay  and  Kat^tem 

i>oathwet>tem  '• 

Southern  CfrntraJ 

SonthcM^tem    . 


:  2;« 


I     u 

I    ^ 


II 


■J 

li 
sBl  '  if 


a 
o 

^5   • 

I  °  T 


^3 

Its 

gJ5 


I 


.«^ 

.705 

.:7«l 

.706 
.726 
.790 
.680 
.6^ 
.042 


.Sl.Oflj 
40.72 1 
87.00 

4i.lS 

S4.61 

a6.47i 

00.02 

36.1? 

81.88 

20.11 

30.77 


22.05 

i 

10.«»d 
17.74 


lu.Wj 

11.68' 

16.60- 

28.52 

25.41 ! 

10.6S 

24.48' 

24.S0 

21.02' 


20.68 1 

25.88; 

2?».22i 

87.77; 

]1.68| 

32.01 

28.^2 

30.28 

25.04 

80.10 

81. M 


20.64 


10.85 
12.67 
•^.06 
11.11 
20.98 

10.&^ 

I 

«.28' 

« 

8.791 
11.92 

7.72; 

H.88' 
18.28' 


5.95 

10.40 
8.06 
6.66 

11.68 
6.22 
8.28 
5.51 
7.15 
5.75 
6.17 
t  82 


There  is  lierc  shown  to  have  l)een  during  tlie  year  1869  no 
very  marked  difference  in  the  mortality  from  all  causes  in  these 
several  divisions.  Between  the  one  having  the  greatest  and 
the  one  having  the  lea«t  mortality,  there  was,  however,  a  dif- 
ference of  .257  of  one  per  cent,  or  a  little  less  than  twenty-six 
in  ton  thouj^and. 

In  calculating  the  i>ercentage  of  each  ela^,  the  deaths  from 
sjiccified  causes  only  were  used.  The  number  of  such  deaths 
in  the  State  was  7,863,  as  will  be  seen  at  the  head  of  Table  XV. 
The  percentage  of  deaths  from  each  class  to  this  whole  number 
in  the  State  is  first  given  in  Exhibit  C.  It  will  at  once  be 
rfcen  that  in  the  Upper  Peninsula  the  proportion  of  the  several 
classes  was  in  marked  contrast  to  that  of  the  whole  State, — the 
proportion  of  zymotic  diseases  being  about  0  per  cent  greater 


152  THIKD   RIKUSTKATIOX    KEPOHT. 

thau  the  average ;  of  constitutional  liiBeases,  about  one-half' 
the  average;  of  local  diseases,  alK>nt  4  per  cent  lew,  develop- 
mental diseases,  about  2  per  cent  more,  and  of  violent  deaths^ 
nearly  twice  the  average  in  the  State.  The  division  most  dis- 
similar to  the  average  was  the  Northeastern,  whei'e,  as  will 
be  readily  seen  from  the  exhibit,  theixi  was  no  correspondence 
whatever  with  the  rest  of  the  State  in  any  class  of  diseases. 

The  facts  appear  to  ))e  demonstrated  that  were  atttieipate<l 
when  these  divisions  were  planned,  viz:  That,  as  the  climatic 
and  other  conditions  were  different  in  each  division,  the 
apparent  causes  of  mortality  were  different,  and  thefc  is  a 
certain  corresi>ondence  of  the  ivsults  in  localities  having  simi- 
lar conditions.  Although  the  task  is  a  long  one,  and  only  a 
glimpse  is  given  here,  the  way  is  perfectly  plain  by  which  we 
may,  if  we  choose,  search  out  the  localities  where  the  least 
number  die  from  any  given  disease,  and  those  suffering  from 
that  disease  may  thus  be  enabled  to  seek  the  most  favorable 
places.  Not  only  this,  but  the  conditions  existing  in  situations 
where  the  greatest  number  of  deaths  occur  from  given  disease*; 
may  be  ascertained,  and  possibly  controlled,  or  at  least  avoided. 
For  instance,  we  find  that  in  the  Upper  Peninsula  in  1869  the 
proportion  of  deaths  from  constitutional  diseases,  such  us 
cancer,  consumption,  scrofuhi,  etc.,  was  only  about  one-half 
the  average  for  the  State ;  while,  on  the  other  hand,  the  pro- 
portion of  such  diseases  as  measles,  scarlatina,  typhoid  fever, 
dysentery,  and  cholera  infantum  exceeded  the  average.  This 
is  a  favorable  showing  for  the  Upper  Peninsula,  so  far  as  the 
natural  conditions  are  conceme<l,  for  a  great  proportion  of  the 
deaths  from  this  latter  class  of  diseases  might,  with  proper 
knowledge  and  effort,  be  prevented.  The  excess  of  violent 
deaths  was  probably  connected  with  the  occupations  of  the 
people,  and  need  not  affect  those  who  go  there  for  other  than 
mining  or  dangerous  employments.    Whether  or  not  this  was 

an  exceptional  year  remains  to  be  seen.  To  which  of  the  dis- 
eases in  each  class  was  due  the  reduction  or  increase  of  its  pro- 
portion, there  does  not  remain  time  to  examine ;  but  the  table 
.  ncludes  the  data  by  means  of  which  the  facts  can  be  detenmned^ 
and  the  manner  of  doing  thip,  by  ))ercej>tiages  and  compari- 
sone,  has  been  indieated. 


DEATHS. 


163 


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DBATH&  171 

Note. — Still-births  are  included  throughoat  this  Report  in 
eyery  case  when  speaking  of  deaths  firom  all  causes,  or  all  spe- 
cific causes.  Abortions  are  probably  not  reported  as  still- 
births. It  is  believed  to  be  mainly  those  who  have  reached 
about  the  full  term,  and  in  many  cases  so  reported  the  child 
was  rarely  born  alive,  but  with  not  sufficient  vitality  to  main- 
tain a  separate  existence.  The  returns  for  1869  show  several 
cases  reported  still-bom,  where,  in  another  column,  the  age  is 
given  as  a  few  hours,  or  even  one  day  in  some  caaes.  But  if  they 
were  correctly  reported  bom  dead,  except  for  some  cause  they 
would  still  be  living,  and  while  the  study  of  the  causes  of 
itath  by  the  professional  man  can  be  accomplished  as  well  in 
this  way  as  in  the  other,  there  seems  no  good  reason  for  allow- 
ing  them  to  disturb  the  harmony,  and  confuse  or  mislead  the 
gcmeral  reader  by  being  counted  in  one  place  and  excluded  in 
another. 

Table  XVI  contains  so  many  things  worthy  of  study  and 
remark,  that  no  attempt  will  be  made  to  do  justice  to  the  sub- 
ject Certain  diseases  seem  to  be  confined  to  one  period  of 
lile,  and  some  to  others;  some  are  more  fatal  at  one  season  of 
the  year,  and  others  at  different  seasons.  Aside  from  the  dis- 
eases known  to  be  necessarily  peculiar  to  one  sex,  there  are 
others  in  which  one  or  the  other  sex  suffers  much  the  most 
sererely,  the  reasons  for  which  remain  to  be  ascertained.  A 
few  of  the  specified  causes  are  far  from  specific,  but  are  given 
as  ]>ossibly  in  a  slight  degree  better  than  unknown.  This  is 
the  case  vrith  "Inflammation,"  which,  of  course,  gives  no  very 
definite  idea  of  the  cause  of  death.  Many  reported  "Conges- 
tion,** etc.,  help  to  swell  the  number  printed  "Unknown," 
which  amounts  to  1,143,  or  12.49  per  cent  of  the  whole  num- 
ber of  deaths.  It  is  to  be  hoped  that  this  proportion  may,  in 
future,  be  greatly  reduced  as  the  supervisors  become  more 
familiar  witii  the  subject  and  interested  in  the  work. 

The  most  important  of  the  causes  of  death  specified  in  this 
table  will  receive  some  attention  in  connection  with  the  tables 
following. 


172 


THIKD  RBQI8TRATI0N  EEPORT. 


TABLE  XVII. 

Order  of  Succession  of  Fifteen  Principal  Causes  of  Deaih, 
showing  Number  of  Deaths  from  Bach  Cause^  Perceiiage 
to  Population^  Persons  Living  to  One  Deaths  and  2er- 
centage  to  Deaths  from  All  Causes,  for  the  year  1869, 


FIFTBEN  CAUSES 

PRODUCmO  GREATEST 

MORTALITY  IN  18€0. 


1.  OoDflnrnption. 

8.  Tjphoid  Fever. 

8.  PneunoDia 

4.  OldA«e 

6.  DUrrfaea 

6.  S^trUtina 

7.  Heart  Dteeaee 

6.  Ferer 

9.  Dropey 

lOi  DTMDtery^ 

11.  Cephalitis 

18.  Brain  Dleease 

18.  Apoplexy  and  Paralyple. 

\L  Caanalty. 

16.  Wliooplng  Coogh 


Totals. 


AllCaosee^. 


Number 

of 
Deaths. 

Percentage 

to 

Popalntion, 

1870. 

Persona 

Living  to 

One 

Death. 

1.288 
487 

427 
810 
295 
262 
262 
»t8 
946 
286 
226 
204 
186 
176 
158 

.104 
.087 
.086 
.026 
.026 
.021 
.021 
.021 
.020 
.020 
.010 
.017 
.015 
.014 
.018 

966 

2,698 
2,762 
8,804 
8,997 
4,680 
4,680 
4,756 
4,791 
4,997 
5,216 
6,879 
6,876 
6,701 
7,466 

4,885 
9,145 

.414 
.775 

Ml 
128 

Peroenta# 
to  Death. 

from, 
All  Caoae* 


It^ 


Ml 


i.7f 


%JBS 


1.1S 


68.41 


10040 


Four  thousand  eight  hundred  and  eightj-five  deaths,  or  a 
Kttle  more  than  one-half  of  all  reported,  were  said  to  hare 
resulted  from  the  fifteen  causes  named  in  Table  XVII.  Oon- 
snmption  heads  the  list,  as  usual,  and  caused  the  death  of  as 
many  as  resulted  from  the  three  next  highest  causes  pat 
together,  and  rather  more  than  one-eighth  of  all  the  deaths 
reported.  Besides  the  several  facts  shown  in  this  table,  the 
subject  will  be  passed  on  for  further  examination. 

Typhoid  Feyer  caused  the  next  highest  number,  but  only  a 
little  more  than  one-third  of  that  charged  to  consumption. 


DBATH8. 


ITS 


Old  Age  is  fourth  in  the  order,  and  it  would  seem  to  be 
oaoee  for  congratulation  that,  while  the  death-rate  from  all 
Oftuaes  was  low,  so  large  a  proportion  of  the  deaths  were  due 
to  the  natural  decay  of  old  age.  Theoretically^  with  man's 
superior  wisdom  and  capabilities  for  ascertaining  the  condi- 
tions essential  to  life,  and  his  power  of  control  over  those  con- 
ditions in  his  immediate  surroundings,  all  other  modes  of 
death  ought,  perhaps,^to  be  prevented.  Practicalljp  the  facts 
are,  that  during  the  year  1869  only  a  little  over  three  per  cent 
of  all  the  deaths  in  the  State  were  attributed  to  this  cause. 

Diarrhea  and  Dysentery  will  receive  additional  attention. 
The  geographical  distribution  of  each  disease  in  this  State 
during  the  year  1869,  will  be  seen  by  studying  Exhibit  D. 


EXHIBIT  D. 

Number  of  Deaths  from  Diarrhea  and  Dysentery  in  Eleven 
Divisions  of  the  State,  Persons  Living  to  One  Death  from 
each  Disease,  and  Per  Oetit  to  Deaths  from  All  Oauses, 
during  the  year  1869. 


STATIC  AND 
OBOORAPHICAL  DIVISIONS. 


BtotOL ./.. 

Dpper  PwloiiilA  DiTliiioB.. 

Northw6§tern  "     - 

Nortbera  "     ~ 

Nofftb«Mt«ni 

W«6ieni 

NorUiem  Ceotral 

Oentnl 

Biy  And  Kaeteni 

Buuthwwtcm 

■oalhem  Oentnl 


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t» 


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& 
5 
0 
9 

53 
0 

1« 

88 
9 

«0 
140 


«  >  « 


8,MT 
«,T86 
8,608 

78* 

8419 

018,445 

14.290 

8,W6 
18,010 
18,801 


8.83 
1.68 
8.14 
0.00 
18.0T 
6.08 
0.00 
.96 
8.16 
1.11 
1^ 
8.90 


DTBSNTXBT. 


888 

T 

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1 

3 

88 

8 

48 

88 

81 

88 


mS'- 


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J5 


4,997 
4,686 
8,074 
7/Ml 
8,619 
4,011 
8,840 
6,448 
4,560 
8,895 
7,887 
9JB61 


id 

8 


8.68 
8^ 

4.40 
1.44 
8.67 
8.18 
6.81 
8.68 
8.74 
SM 
1.98 
1.18 


cPcnoos  ItYlDff-iio  dMtbfl  raportod. 


^f^  THIRD  REGISTRATIOK  REPORT. 

There  is  shown  to  hare  been  a  very  great  difference  in  the 
mortality  from  Diarrhea  in  the  several  divisions,  ranging  from 
one  death  to  fonrteen  thousand  inhabitants,  up  to  one  death 
to  every  seven  hundred  and  eighty-two  persons,— the  prcpor- 
tion  to  all  deaths,  ftt)m  less  than  one  per  cent,  in  the  Central, 
up  to  sixteen  per  cent  in  the  Northeastern  division.  Tie 
Central  division,  the  Southwestern,  and  the  Upper  Peninsuh, 
had  much  less  than  the  average  mortality  from  this  diseadt. 
The  Northeastern,  Southeastern,  and  Western  divisions  haci 
more  than  the  average  mortality,  in  the  order  named.  The 
counties  included  in  each  division  can  be  seen  by  turning  to 
page  150. 

Prom  Dysentery,  the  mortality  was  more  uniformly  distrib- 
uted than  frou)  Diarrhea.  This  disease  proved  most  fatal  in 
some  places  where  Diarrhea  was  least  so.  The  order  of  great- 
est proportional  mortality  in  divisions  having  more  than  the 
average,  was,  Northern  Central,  Southwestern,  Northwestern, 
Northeastern,  and  Western.  There  was  less  than  the  average 
proportion  of  deaths -from  Diarrhea  in  the  first  two  of  these 
divisions.  The  least  number  of  deaths  from  Dysentery  oc- 
curred* in  the  Southeastern,  Southern  Central,  Northern,  and 
Central  divisions,  in  the  order  named. 

The  three  Central  divisions  of  the  State  were  most  exempt 
from  both  diseases,  except  that  in  the  Northern  Central  the 
greatest  mortality  from  Dysentery  occurred,  but  where  then^ 
was  not  a  death  reported  from  Diarrhea. 

Fever,  Dropsy,  and  Brain  Disease  arc  not  very  definite  causes 
of  death.  The  number  opposite  the  first  named  should,  if  it 
were  possible,  be  distributed  through  the  various  diseases  of 
that  nature.  The  second  may,  perhaps,  cause  death,  although 
it  is  not  properly  a  disease,  but  an  indication  and  result  of  di^ 
ease  of  the  heart,  liver,  or  kidneys ;  while  the  third  mentioned 
may  include  any  or  all  of  the  diseases  affecting  the  bmin. 
But  nothing  more  definite  can  be  stated  of  them  here.  The 
duty  of  obtaining  the  specific  information  rests  with  those 


DEATHS.  175 

wbo  first  collect  the  statistics.  Apoplexy  and  Paralysia  were, 
for  this  table  only,  counted  together,  because  the  latter  is 
generally  a  result  of  the  former. 

Casualty  includes  those  reported  as  follows:  Killed  by  fall- 
ing trees ;  by  falling  from  wagon ;  in  a  well ;  by  a  fall ;  by 
horses,  cows,  and  mules ;  by  bursting  of  millstone ;  by  circu- 
lar saw ;  between  logs ;  in  mine ;  by  caving  of  well ;  boiler 
e^Iosion;  explosion  of  fire-works;  by  whirlwind.  And  one 
from  each  of  the  following:  Choked  by  tin  whistle ;  over-lift- 
ing; over-work;  drinking  ice  water;  snake  bite,  and  bee  sting. 
This  last  person  was  over  one  hundred  years  old,  and  is  in- 
cluded in  Table  VIII. 

It  is  only  by  percentage,  or  some  proportion  of  the  popula- 
tion, that  a  correct  idea  of  the  death-rate  can  be  obtained. 
Tables  XVIII  and  XIX  show  this  in  the  State,  divisions,  and 
counties,  for  all  causes,  for  each  of  the  four  causes  producing 
the  greatest  number  of  deaths  during  the  year  1869,  and  For 
the  extremely  old  and  young. 

Without  reflection,  it  might  be  thought  that  the  number  of 
deaths  from  old  age,  and  of  those  aged  seventy  and  over,  would 
closely  correspond,  but  it  will  be  seen  that  less  than  one-half 
of  the  uieaths  at  seventy  and  over  were  attributed  to  old  age. 
These  two  headings  were  placed  side  by  side  to  facilitate  com- 
parisons. 

The  two  sets  of  columns  of  deaths  of  old  and  young  were 
put  in  partly  to  show  the  influence  of  general  causes  of  death 
in  the  several  divisions  and  counties,  with  the  impression  that 
0uch  unfavorable  conditions  would  in  this  way  be  sooner 
detected,  as  they  would  prove  fatal  to  those  least  able  to  with- 
stand them,  and  thus  include  a  greater  proportion  of  persons 
at  the  two  extremes  of  life. 

The  order  of  greatest  mortality  from  Consumption  in  the 
divisions  of  the  State  was.  Southeastern,  Central,  Southern 
Central,  Southwestern,  Northwestern,  Northern  Central,  Bay 
and  Eastern,  Northern,  Western,  Northeastern,  and  Upper 


176  THIRD   BBQI8TBATI0X  BEPOBT. 

PeniDsala.  The  order  from  Pneumonia  was.  Upper  Peninsnla, 
Northern,  Western,  South  western,  Southeafitem,  Northirestem, 
Central,  Southern  Central,  Bay  and  Eastern,  Northern  Cen- 
tral, and  Northeastern.  The  opinion  has  prevailed  to  0>me 
extent,  and,  without  the  knowledge  gained  through  6ta\is- 
tics  it  might  be  expected,  that  when  the  conditions  are  sndi 
as  to  cause  deaths  from  Pneumonia  (inflammation  of  th^ 
lungs),  there  is  greater  danger  from  Consumption  ;  but  it  will 
be  seen  that  between  these  two  diseases  there  was  a  correlation 
of  quite  a  different  kind;  that  in  several  divisions  where  tber^ 
was  more  than  the  average  mortality  from  Pneumonia,  there 
was  less  than  the  average  from  Consumption,  and  vice  versa. 
This  correlation  holds  true  in  five  of  the  eleven  divisions,  in 
one  it  is  equal,  and  in  five  it  does  not  hold.  In  the  South- 
eastern division,  where  the  greatest  proportion  of  deaths 
resulted  from  Consumption,  the  per  cent  of  deaths  from 
Pneumonia  was  only  .038,  while  the  average  was  i)d6.  An 
extremely  slight  reduction  would  have  made  the  correlation 
hold  in  this  case.  In  the  Central  division,  where  the  next 
greatest  number  of  deaths  occurred  from  Consumption,  the 
per  cent  of  deaths  from  Pneumonia  was  precisely  the  average ; 
so  that  the  least  possible  reduction  of  the  proportion  would 
have  established  the  correlation  in  a  majority  of  the  divisions. 
In  general  terms,  and  for  all  practical  purposes,  it  may  be  con- 
sidered as  so  far  established.  The  following  questions,  then, 
come  fairly  before  us :  Are  the  conditions  which  tend  to  cause 
death  from  these  two  diseases  similar,  as  has  been  by  some  sup- 
posed? Are  they  simply  different,  or  are  they  in  some  way 
opposite  or  antagonistic  ?  These  statistics,  if  properly  col- 
lected, studied,  a!hd  compiled,  will  answer  these  important 
questions  definitely.  So  far  as  can  well  be  done  in  one  year, 
the  answers  are  given  in  this  report,  as  regards  the  conditions 
of  age,  sex,  season,  and  geographical  distribution.  The  last 
subject  has  been  examined  by  dinsions  in  Table  XVIII,  and 
can  be  studied  by  counties  in  Table  XIX.  Of  the  twenty-on© 
counties  in  which  the  percentage  of  deaths  from  Consumption 
was  above  the  average  in  the  State,  ten  were  below,  and  eight 
were  above  the  average  from  Pneumonia,  two  were  equal,  and 


_,  jj?,  Consumption,  Pneumonia,  Typhoid  Ffver,  Old  Age, 
^f  ai"<^  9f  Utoae  Aged  at  stated  to  Deaths  from  all  Causes, 
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60.00 

PiATHS.  177 

the  remaining  one  had  not  popnlation  enough  to  show.  In  27 
counties  the  propoi-tion  of  deaths  from  Pneumonia  was  greater 
than  the  average  for  the  State ;  of  this  number,  nineteen  had 
less  than  the  average  mortality  from  Consumption.  This  sub- 
ject has  been  studied  in  four  shghtly  different  ways,— -of  ooon- 
tjes  having  more  than  the  average  mortality  from  Consumption^ 
what  number  had  less  than  the  average  from  Pneumonia;  of 
tiiose  having  less  than  the  average  from  Consumption,  what 
xnimber  had  more  than  the  average  from  Pneumonia ;  and  in 
fbe  same  ways,  taking  Pneumonia  first  The  result  is,  that  of 
file  fifty-nine  counties  returned,  in  ten  the  conditions  were 
mdh  that  the  questions  could  not  be  positively  answered^ — ^in 
some  cases  the  percentages  were  equal  to  the  average  for  the 
State,  and  in  the  others  the  population  was  small,  and  no 
deaths  reported  from  one  or  the  other  disease.  Of  the  remain* 
ing  forty-nine  counties,  the  correlation  holds  in  twenty-nine^ 
and  in  twenty  it  does  not 

23 


THIRD  RSOlfiTKlTlON  KBPOBT. 


EXHIBIT  E^COltRELATIOff  OF 

Jfumier  and  Percentage  of  Deaiht  of  Males  and  Pemalr.%  at 
differmt  PerUtds  of  Age,  from  Congttmption. 


DBd«rS.._ 

BMW 

WtolS 

UtoW 

MUM 

to  10 10 

WtoM 

MtoM 

aoun. 

TO  la  BO , 

nnknowD 


(Caknovn  mi  eul«4>dt 


U.0» 

■   18^   : 


m.00     KM    MM    . 


00N8UMPTI0N  AND  PNEUMONIA. 

Jfumier  and  Percentage  of  Deathn  of  MaU»  and  f^maiu,  at 
different  Fvnod*  of  Age,  from  Pneumonia, 


KviaCT. 

11- 

4 

PEMcniTMIK  or  TME 

1    1 

1 

1  1  l|4 

D  M  U.... 

MMM... 

utow... 

WMN... 
M  toM... 
4a  to  50... 


180 


THIBD   RE0I8TRATI0K  REPORT. 


EXHIBIT  F-— OORBBLATION  OP 

Percentage  of  Deaths  of  Males  and  F^maies^^ 
Months^  from  Consumption. 


MOKTHS. 


Febrntfy.. 
MMCh..... 

April 

IU7 

June 

July 

Angntt 

Septflmber 
October.. 
Novambor. 
Deeember, 
Unknown. 
TMrl9d».. 


98 
88 
44 
M 
VI 
01 
44 
48 
58 
48 
84 
70 
1 
C«8 


NUMBXR. 


i 
1 


84 
81 
08 
56 
80 
08 
58 
08 
78 
88 
58 
85 
1 
868 


t 

o 

I 


3 

O 


or 

88 

98 

118 

lit 

no 

98 

106 

181 

111 

88 

188 

% 

1,888 


5 


A« 


4.82 
5^ 
7.78 
9.08 
9.89 
8.99 
7.78 
8.01 

10^88 
9.00 
8.97 

11.08 

.18 

100.00 

8.88 


i 


88.96 
60.07 
46.88 
46.81 
48.78 
48.88 
40.68 
48.80 
40.45 
48.80 
89.08 
01.60 
00^ 
40.88 


81.01 
44.98 

64.18 
61.78 
58.87 
08.88 
04.18 
58.19 
09.64 
08.79 
80.48 
46.14 
00.00 


MU» 


8w81 


«. 

Pb 


8L8t 

SJPT 

%M 

7JT 

8JS 

lilt 

1848 

18«68 


8.81 


DBATHS. 


181 


CONSUMPTION  AND  PNEUMONIA. 

Jfumber  and  Percentage  of  Deaths  of  Males  and  Females,  by 

Months,  from  Pneumonia. 


NmCBEB. 

5 

1 

PEBOSNTAaE. 

MONTHS.' 

• 

1 

P9 

Females. 

a 
5 

• 

1 

4 

£zoefle. 

1 

^1 

16 
84 
42. 
84 
19 

9 

6 
18 
10 

8 
21 
86 

1 
284 

19 

80 

80 

28 

81 

7 

6 

8 

21 
198 

86 
64 
72 
82 
40 
16 
11 
21 
19 

8 
80 
47 

8 
427 

ai9 

14.96 

16.86 

14.61 

9J6 

8.74 

8.67 

4.91 

4.40 

1.87 

7.02 

11.00 

.46 

100.00 

8^ 

46.71 
68.12 
68.88 
64.68 
47.60 
66.26 
64.64 
61.96 
68.68 
87.60 
70.00 
66.81 
60.00 
64.80 

64.28 
46.97 
41.66 
46w96 
68^ 
48.76 
40.40 
8&64 
47J6 
62.60 
80.00 
44.60 
60.00 
46.18 

6.16 

16.87 

8.07 

12.60 
%M 

88.81 
6.27 

40.00 
10.62 

8.61 

8.67 

Febroary 

V-MTh 

April 

May 

ft.00 

JaiKf...xxxa  x.xa 

Jolj 

AAfiilH , ..,       ... 

ftcpttmber 

OdoUr 

26^00 

HOYttllMNr  .......      . 

OfoemlMNr 

IToknoifTi 

Tear  1869 

182  THIRD   RS018TKATI019    REPORT. 

The  subject  can  be  studied  in  connection  with  age  and  sex 
in  Exhibit  £.  The  order  of  greatest  mortality  from  these 
diseases,  by  periods  of  age,  is  very  different ;  placed  sidt  by 
side  they  agree  in  only  one  particular,  that  of  having  Vhe 
least  number  of  deaths  during  the  period  of  age  over  eigb^ 
years.  Studied  as  before,  out  of  the  eleven  periods  of  age,  tlH 
correlation  holds  in  four,  and  lacks  one  death  of  doing  so  in 
the  fifth. 

As  regards  sex  alone,  the  correlation  is  quite  perfect,  the 
excess  of  deaths  of  females  from  Consumption  being  &61  per 
cent,  and  of  males  from  Pneumonia  9.61  per  cent  (Excess  of 
males  from  all  causes,  5.39  per  cent) 

With  sex  in  connection  with  age,  it  holds  in  three  cases.  In 
three  cades,  also,  there  was  an  excess  of  deaths  of  one  sex  from 
one  disease,  and  of  the  opposite  sex  from  the  other  disease ; 
and  in  one  period  an  excess  from  one  disease,  and  an  eq«al 
number  of  each  sex  from  the  other. 

Exhibit  F  shows  relations  to  each  disease  of  conditions  of 
seasons,  and  of  sex  at  different  seasons.  With  season  alone, 
the  correlation  holds  in  just  one-half  the  months.  The  same 
is  true  of  sex  in  connection  with  season. 

There  is  another  way  in  which  this  subject  may  be  studied, 
and  that  is  by  taking  the  average  proportion  of  the  deaths  of 
the  sexes  from  all  causes — 5.39  per  cent  more  males  than 
females — and  finding  out  in  how  many  cases  the  proportion 
is  greater  or  less  from  Consumption,  and  the  reverse  from 
Pneumonia.  Doing  so  with  sex  by  periods  of  age,  we  find  the 
excess  in  opposite  directions  in  four  cases  out  of  eleven ;  with 
sex  by  months,  in  seven  cases  out  of  twelve. 

To  sum  up.  Consumption  and  Pneumonia  were,  in  a  majorify 
of  cases,  distributed  throughout  the  counties  in  an  opposite 
manner.  This  correlation  holds  as  regards  sex  and  season, 
but  does  not  fully  hold  with  age  as  at  present,  in  this  Beport^ 
divided  by  periods,  although  there  was  demonstrated  to  be  a 
great  difference,  falling  a  little  short  of  opposition. 


DEATHS.  18S 

As  the  last  of  the  repoit  now  goee  to  prees,  theredoea  not 
r^Bodn  time  to  continue  the  stndy  of  Tablee  XVIII  and  XIX, 
or  to  notice  Table  XX,  but  it  is  hoped  that  they  will  pcoTe 
rahiable  by  contributing  somewhat  to  the  general  stock  of 
knowledge,  especially  concerning  the  one  great  cause  of  death, 
Consumption. 


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To  Frorldd  f»r  the  BeflttratlOB  of  Births,  Harrlagtt,  and  Dtathi,  being  Art 

No.  194,  Setiion  Laws  of  1A67,  approTed  March  S7,  as  ameaded  bjr 

let  No.  l!25,  SessioB  Laws  of  1S69,  approred  April  B. 


Sectiox  1.  The  People  of  the  Slate  of  Michigan  enact.  That 
sections  one,  three,  and  four  of  an  act  entitiled  "  An  act  to 
provide  for  the  registration  of  births,  marriages,  and  deatlis," 
approved  March  twenty-seventh,  eighteen  hundred  and  sixty- 
seven,  be  and  the  same  are  hereby  amended  so  as  to  read  as 
follows : 

Section  1.  The  People  of  the  State  of  Michigan  enact.  That 
it  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  supervisor  of  each  township,  and 
the  supervisor  or  assessor  of  any  city  or  ward  therein,  in  this 
State,  between  the  tenth  day  of  April  and  the  first  day  of 
June,  in  the  year  eighteen  hundred  and  sixty-nine,  to  ascer- 
tain, by  actual  inquiiy  or  othen^ise,  of  the  inhabitants  thereof, 
the  births  and  deaths  which  have  occurred  in  their  respective 
townships,  cities,  or  wards,  from  and  including  April  fifth, 
eighteen  hundred  and  sixty-eight,  to  and  including  December 
thirty-first,  eighteen  hundred  and  sixty-eight,  together  Avitli 
the  facts  relative  thereto,  m  are  hereinafter  provided  for,  and 
shall  make  an  accurate  return  thereof  to  the  clerk  of  the 
county  in  which  such  township  or  city  is  situated,  on  or  before 
the  first  said  dav  of  June ;  and  for  such  service  shall  receive 
ten  cents  for  each  birth  and  death  so  returned  by  them,  to  be 
l)aid  by  the  county  in  which  such  returns  are  made.  In  the 
year  eighteen  hundred  an(^  seventy,  and  in  each  and  ever}' 
year  thereafter,  it  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  ofllcers  above  men- 
tioned, between  the  tenth  day  of  April  and  the  first  day  of 


196  REGISTRATION    ACT. 

June,  to  ascertain,  by  actual  inquiry  or  otherwise,  of  the  in- 
habitants thereof,  the  births  and  deaths  which  have  occurred 
in  their  respective  townships,  cities,  or  wards,  during  the  year 
ending  on  the  last  day  of  the  preceding  December,  and  shall 
make  the  return,  and  receive  therefor  the  compensation  above 
provided  for :  Provided,  That  in  the  city  of  Detroit,  the  duties 
required  by  this  act  to  be  performed  by  supervisors  and  assessors 
shall  be  performed  by  persons  appointed  by  the  common  coun- 
cil for  that  purpose ;  and  it  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  common 
council,  on  or  before  the  tenth  day  of  April,  in  each  year,  to 
appoint  such  number  of  persons  in  each  ward  of  said  city,  as 
shall  be  necessary  to  perform  said  duties  within  the  time  lim- 
ited by  this  act ;  and  such  persons  shall  possess  all  the  author- 
ity conferred  upon,  and  perform  all  the  duties  required  of 
supervisors  and  assessors,  by  this  act,  within  the  territory 
assigned  them  respectively,  by  the  common  council,  and  shall 
receive  such  compensation  for  their  services,  not  exceding  the 
sum  allowed  by  this  act  to  supervisors  and  assessors,  as  shall 
be  fixed  by  the  common  council,  to  be  paid  by  the  county  of 
Wayne,  and  shall  be  liable  to  the  same  penalties  for  refusal  or 
neglect  to  perform  any  of  said  duties. 

Sec.  2.  Every  justice  of  the  peace,  minister  of  the  Gospel, 
and  all  other  persons  authorized  by  law  to  solemnize  marriages 
in  this  State,  shall  make  a  record  of  each  marriage  so  solem- 
nized by  him;  and  every  clerk  or  keeper  of  the  records  of  the 
meetings  in  which  any  marriage  among  the  Friends  or  Quakers 
shall  be  solemnized,  shall  make  a  record  of  such  marriage,  to- 
gether with  all  the  facts  relating  to  the  same,  as  required  by 
the  third  section  of  this  act;  and  such  justice,  minister  of  the 
Gospel,  clerk,  or  other  person,  shall,  at  the  time  such  marriiige 
is  solemnized,  deliver,  on  demand,  to  either  of  the  parties  so 
joined  in  marriage,  as  aforesaid,  a  certificate  of  such  marriage, 
containing  all  the  facts  in  relation  thereto,  required  by  said 
third  section  of  this  act,  and  shall,  within  ninety  days  there- 
after, deliver  to  the  clerk  of  the  county  in  which  such  marriage 


REGI8TRATI0K    ACT.  197 

took  place,  a  certified  copy  of  such  record,  and,  at  the  same 
time,  pay  to  the  clerk  twenty-five  cents  for  recording  the  same. 
Sec.  3.  It  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  county  clerks  of  the 
severa]  counties  in  this  State,  on  receiving  the  returns  of  such 
births,  marriages,  and  deaths,  to  record  the  same  at  length  in 
separate  books,  to  be  provided  at  the  expense  of  the  State  by 
the  Secretary  of  State,  for  that  purpose,  with  proper  indexes 
thereto.  The  births,  marriages,  and  deaths  shall  be  numbered 
and  reconled  in  the  order  in  which  they  are  received  by  the 
clerk,  and  the  record  of  marriages  shall  be  indexed,  using  both 
the  name  of  the  bridegroom  and  bride.  The  record  of  births 
shall  state,  in  separate  columns,  the  date  of  the  birth,  the  name 
of  the  child  (if  it  have  any),  the  sex  and  color  of  the  child, 
the  place  of  birth,  the  Christian  and  surname  of  both  parents, 
the  residence  and  nativity  of  the  parents,  the  occupation  of  the 
father,  and  the  date  when  the  record  was  made :  Providedy 
That  in  case  the  child  has  no  Christian  name,  such  name  shall 
be  obtained  and  reported  to  the  county  clerk  in  the  next  annual 
report  of  the  supervisor  or  assessor,  and  such  Christian  name 
shall  be  distinctly  designated  in  such  report  as  the  Christian 
name  belonging  to  a  child  previously  reported,  and  shall  be 
properly  entered  by  said  county  clerk,  in  the  blank  left  for  such 
Christian  name  in  his  book  of  record;  and  it  shall  be  the  duty 
of  the  several  county  clerks,  on  or  before  the  tenth  day  of  April 
in  each-year,  to  give  to  the  ofScers  required  to  make  the  said 
returns,  lists  of  such  children  whose  Christian  names  have  not 
been  previously  reported  in  their  respective  towns,  cities  or 
wards.  The  record  of  marriages  shall  state,  in  separate  col- 
umns, the  date  and  place  of  marriage,  the  Christian  and  sur- 
name of  the  bridegroom  and  bride,  and  the  maiden  name  of 
the  bride,  if  a  widow,  the  color,  age,  and  place  of  birth  of  each, 
the  residence  of  each  at  the  time  of  marriage,  the  occupation 
of  the  bridegroom,  and  the  name  and  official  station  of  the 
person  by  or  before  whom  they  were  married,  the  names  and 
residences  of  at  least  two  witnesses  present  at  such  marriage, 


190 


THIRD   REGISTRATIOX   REPORT. 


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198  REGISTRATIOX    ACT. 

and  the  date  when  such  record  was  made.  The  record  of 
deaths  shall  state,  in  separate  columns,  the  date  of  the  death, 
the  Christian  and  surname  of  the  deceased,  the  sex  and  color, 
whether  married  or  single,  the  age  in  years,  months,  and  days, 
the  place  of  death,  the  disease  or  apparent  cause  of  death,  the 
nativity  of  the  deceased,  and  the  occupation,  if  any,  and  the 
names,  residence  of  the  parents,  if  known,  and  the  date  when 
such  record  was  made.  The  clerks  of  the  several  counties 
shall  annually,  on  or  before  the  first  day  of  September,  make 
and  transmit  to  the  Secretary  of  State,  a  certified  copy  of  the 
records  in  his  office,  of  all  the  births,  marriages,  and  deaths  re- 
ported in  their  respective  counties  for  the  year  ending  Decem- 
ber thirty-first,  last  preceding.  And  each  county  clerk  shall 
receive  for  the  record  of  each  birth  and  death  in  his  office 
three  cents,  and  three  cents  for  each  birth,  marriage,  and  deatli 
returned  by  him  to  the  Secretary  of  State,  to  be  paid  by  the 
county,  and  sTiall  be  compensation  in  full  for  all  seniees 
required  by  this  act  te  be  performed  by  him. 

Sec.  4.  The  Secretary  of  State  shall  prepare  and  furnish  to 
the  county  clerks  of  the  several  counties  in  this  State,  blank 
books  of  suitable  quality  and  size,  with  proper  rulings  and 
headings,  to  be  used  as  books  of  record  in  carrying  into  effect 
the  provisions  of  this  act.  He  shall  also  prepare  and  furnish 
blank  "forms  of  returns,"  as  hereinbefore  specified,  accom- 
panied with  such  instructions  and  explanations  as  may  }>e 
necessary  to  insure  uniformity  in  such  returns,  which  blanks 
shall  be  forwarded  to  the  several  county  clerks  on  or  before 
the  first  day  of  March  in  each  year;  and  the  said  county  clerks 
shall  deliver  the  same  te  the  supervisors  or  assessors  of  the 
several  townships,  cities,  or  wards  therein,  in  their  respective 
counties,  on  or  before  the  tenth  day  of  April. 

Sec.  5.  It  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  Secretary  of  State  to  re- 
ceive the  returns  made  in  pursuance  of  the  third  section  of 
this  act,  and  he  shall  cause  the  same  for  each  year  to  be  bound 
together,  in  one  or  more  volumes,  at  the  expense  of  the  State, 


REGISTRATIOX    ACT.  199 

anil  make  indexes  thereto;  and  with  such  assistance  as  may  be 
voluntarily  rendei'ed  by  any  authorized  committee  appointed 
by  the  medical  faculty  of  the  University  of  Michigan,  or  by 
any  regularly  authorized  medical  society  in  this  State  for  that 
purpose,  he  shall  prepare  such  tabular  statements,  results  and 
deductions  therefrom  as  will  render  them  of  practical  utility, 
and  make  report  thereof,  annually,  to  the  Governor  of  the 
State,  which  report  may  be  ordered  published  and  distributed 
in  such  manner  as  the  Legislature  may  from  time  to  time 
direct. 

Sec.  6.  Every  justice  of  the  peace,  minister  of  the  Gospel, 
and  all  other  persons  authorized  by  the  laws  of  this  State  to 
solemnize  marriages,  and  clerks  or  keepers  of  records  of  the 
meetings  in  which  any  marriage  among  the  Friends  or  Quakers 
shall  be  solemnized,  who  shall  neglect  or  refuse  to  make  a  rec- 
ord of  such  marriage,  or  to  deliver  to  the  county  clerk  of  the 
c»ounty  in  which  the  marriage  took  place,  a  certified  copy  of 
such  record,  or  who  shall  refuse,  on  demand,  to  deliver  to  the 
parties  to  such  marriage  the  certificate  thereof,  as  required  by 
section  two  of  this  act,  or  who  shall  willfully  make  a  false  or 
fictitious  entry  in  his  record  of  marriages,  or  in  the  certified 
copy  of  such  record  delivered  to  the  county  clerk,  or  in  the 
certificates  of  marriages  delivered  to  the  parties  thereto,  shall 
be  deemed  guilty  of  misdemeanor,  and  upon  conviction  thereof, 
shall  be  punished  by  fine  not  exceeding  one  hundred  dollars, 
and  in  default  of  paying  the  same,  shall  be  imprisoned  in  the 
county  jail  of  the  county  in  which  such  conviction  shall  be 
had,  until  said  fine  be  paid,  but  not  to  exceed  the  period  of 
ninety  days. 

Sec.  7.  Every  physician,  surgeon,  or  midwife  who  shall  have 
been  in  attendance  upon  any  deceased  person,  shall,  upon  ap 
plication  of  any  supervisor  or  assessor  of  the  township,  city,  or 
any  ward  thereof,  in  which  such  death  occurred,  make  out  and 
deliver  to  such  supervisor  or  assessor,  a  certified  statement, 
without  fee,  containing  the  name  of  the  disease,  or  cause  (if 


200  RBOiSTRATION    ACT. 

known)  producing  the  death  of  such  person ;  and  any  medical 
attendant  who  shall  neglect  or  refuse  to  give  such  statement, 
or  who  shall  willfully  make  a  false  statement  in  relation  to  such 
death,  shall,  for  such  offense,  be  liable  to  pay  a  fine  of  not  less 
than  ten  nor  more  than  fifty  dollars,  and  the  costs  of  proseca- 
tion,  which  fine  the  said  supervisor  or  assessor  is  hereby 
required  to  sue  for  and  collect,  in  his  official  character. 

Sec.  8.  It  shall  be  the  duty  of  each  supervisor  or  assessor  to 
obtain  the  facts  in  relation  to  births  and  deaths  within  his 
township,  city,  or  any  ward  therein  (not  otherwise  obtained,) 
from  the  heads  of  families,  the  keepers,  overseers,  or  superin- 
tendents of  asylums,  hospitals,  jails,  prisons,  work-houses, 
alms-houses,  houses  of  correction,  and  similar  institutions,  the 
keepers  of  hotels,  public  and  private  boarding-houses,  and  the 
masters  or  chief  ofllcers  of  steamboats  and  sail-vessels  navi- 
gating any  of  the  waters  of  this  State,  and  touching  at  any 
port  of  entry  therein,  in  which  such  births  or  deaths  occurred : 
and  if  either  of  the  above  named  persons  shall  refuse  to  give 
such  information,  then  the  same  shall  be  obtained  by  such 
supervisor  or  assessor  fh>m  any  person  having  a  knowledge  of 
the  facts  in  relation  to  such  birth  or  death ;  and  if  the  super- 
visor or  assessor  shall  have  reason  to  believe  that  any  persoi. 
or  persons  willfully  misrepresented  or  concealed  any  facts  rela- 
tive to  such  birth  or  death  in  his  township,  city,  or  any  ward 
therein,  which  he  cannot  otherwise  obtain,  he  may  examine 
such  person  or  persons  on  oath  (which  oath  such  supervisor 
or  assessor  is  hereby  empowered  and  authorized  to  administer,) 
in  relation  to  any  birth  or  death  within  his  township,  city,  or 
any  ward  therein,  of  which  such  person  or  persons  may  have 
any  knowledge  or  information ;  and  if  any  person,  after  being 
duly  subpoenaed  (as  provided  for  compelling  the  attendance  of 
witnesses  in  justices'  courts,)  by  such  supervisor  or  assessor, 
for  the  purposes  aforesaid,  shall  neglect  or  refuse  to  appear 
before  such  officer,  or,  appearing,  shall  refuse  to  be  sworn  and 
testify  in  relation  to  such  matter,  he  shall  be  deemed  guilty  of 


REGISTRATION'    ACT.  )i01 

a  misdemeanor,  and  upon  conviction  thereof  shall  1)e  punished 
therefor  by  fine  not  exceeding  fifty  dollars,  and  in  default  of 
paying  the  same,  shall  be  imprisoned  in  the  county  jail  of  the 
county  in  which  such  conviction  shall  be  had,  until  said  fine 
be  paid,  but  not  exceeding  ninety  days ;  and  any  person  who, 
after  being  duly  sworn  as  aforesaid,  shall  willfully  make  any 
false  statement  in  relation  to  any  birth  or  death,  about  which 
he  is  required  to  testify,  shall  be  deemed  guilty  of  willful  and 
corrupt  perjury:  Provided^  That  no  person  shall  be  required 
to  answer  any  question  which  will  tend  to  criminate  himself 
or  herself  upon  any  such  examination. 

Sec.  9.  In  case  of  the  refusal  or  neglect  by  any  of  the  oflfi- 
cers  mentioned  in  this  act,  to  perform  any  of  the  duties  here- 
inbefore required  of  them,  or  either  of  them,  to  be  done  and 
performed  by  any  of  the  provisions  herein  contained,  such 
officer  shall  be  liable  to  a  fine  not  to  exceed  one  hundred  dol' 
lars,  and  the  costs  of  prosecution ;  and  the  prosecuting  attor* 
ney  in  each  county  is  hereby  required  to  prosecute,  in  the 
name  of  the  People  of  the  State  of  Michigan,  all  persons  in 
his  county  who  shall  willfully  violate  any  of  the  provisions  of 
this  act;  and  the  said  supervisor  or  assessor  of  any  town- 
ship,  city,  or  any  ward  therein,  may  be  prosecuted  for  a  misde* 
meaner  under  this  section,  and,  upon  conviction,  punished  as 
therein  provided  for. 

Sbc,  10.  Sections  three  thousand  two  hundred  and  thirteen, 
three  thousand  two  hundreed  and  fourteen,  three  thousand 
two  hundred  and  fifteen,  and  three  thousand  two  hundred 
and  sixteen,  of  the  compiled  laws  of  eighteen  hundred  and 
fifty-seven,  be  and  the  same  are  hereby  repealed. 

Sec.  2.  That  there  shall  be  added  to  said  act  a  new  section, 
to  stand  as  section  eleven,  to  read  as  follows : 

Sec.  11.  Tlie  several  supervisors  and  assessors  of  the  town- 
ships, villages,  and  cities  in  this  State,  who  have  made  any 
returns  of  births  and  deaths  to  the  county  clerk  of  their  re- 
spective coimties  for  the  year  eighteen  hundred  and  sixty- 
2r, 


202  UEOISTRATION'    ACT. 

eight,  and  have  not  received  the  amonnt  of  compensation  as 
provided  for  in  this  act,  shall  be  paid  therefor  at  rates  set 
forth  in  the  preceding  section.  And  such  county  clerks  as 
have  made  returns  of  the  births,  marriages,  and  deaths  to  the 
Secretary  of  State  for  the  year  eighteen  hundred  and  sixty- 
eight,  and  who  have  not  received  compensation  therefor,  shall 
be  paid  for  the  game  at  the  rates  set  forth  in  the  preceding 
sections. 
Sep.  3.  This  act  shall  take  immediate  eftect. 


CONTENTS. 


Page. 

Prefatory  Letter  of  Transmittal 3-4 

Introductory  Remarks  and  Statements 5-8 

General  Abstract — Births,  Marriages,  and  Deaths !)-iy 

BIRTHS, 

General  Statements  concerning 15 

Still-birth  —  Table 16 

Racesother  than  White— Table 17 

Twms,  Nativity  of  Parents  and  Occupation  of  Fathers  of 18-22 

Triplets 22 

Illegitimate  Children,  Nativity  of  Parents 23-24 

By  Quarters  of  the  Year 25 

Per  cent  of  each  Parent,  Nativity,  Remarks 25 

Proportion  of  Twins,  Triplets,  Illegitimate,  Colored,  etc 25-26 

Number  and  per  cent  of  Births  to  Population ,  by  Counties — Table  27-28 
Sex,  per  cent  of  each,  and  Number  of  Males  to  100  Females,  by 

Counties— Table  1 29-30 

Sex,  Condition,  and  Parentage,  by  Counties— Table  II 31-32 

Number  of  Births  in  each  Month,  by  Counties— Table  III 33-36 

MARRIAGES. 

General  Statements  of  the  Number,  Nativity,  Race,  etc 37 

By  Quarters  of  the  Year 38 

Per  cent  of  each  Nativity 38 

Per  cent  at  Different  Periods  of  Age 38 

3Iarriages  with  Disparity  of  Ages,  by  Counties 39-40 

Age  of  all  Persons  Married— Table 41 

Per  cent  of  Males  and  Females  under  21 41 

Racesother  than  White 42 

Population,  Number  and  per  cent  to  Population,  by  Counties- 
Table 43-44 

N»unber  in  each  Month ,  by  Counties— ^abje ..,., 45-47 


'aJ04  contents. 

Nativity  aud  Period  of  Age,  by  Counties— Table 48-51 

Age  of  each  Sex,  aud  Number  under  21,  by  Counties— Tabic 52-55 

DEATHS. 

Importance  of  Vital  Statistics o7 

Value  of  the  Statistics  of  Deaths  in  this  Report 57 

Favorable  Conditions  in  this  State  for  gaining  Valuable  Infor- 
mation   58 

Whole  Number  of  Deaths,  and  Proportion  of  each  Sex 59 

Death-rate  Extremely  Low 59 

Death-rate  Compared  with  other  States  and  Cities 50 

Census  used  in  Computing  Death-rates 59 

Deaths  by  Quarters  of  the  Year— Table  I 60 

Influence  of  Season,  Mortality  by  Months— Table  II 60-61 

Influence  of  Season  on  Death-rate  of  the  Sexes— Table  III 62-63 

Deaths  by  Periods  of  Age— Table  IV 64 

Influence  of  Age,  and  of  Age  in  connection  with  Sex 64-68 

Causes  of  Death  of  Children 66 

Deaths,  by  Counties  and  Sex,  by  Months  and  Age— Table  V 69-82 

By  Counties,  the  Nativity  by  Sex— Table  VI SSSo 

By  Counties,  of  Races  other  than  White,  by  Sex— Table  VII....  86-« 

Aged  100  and  over— Table  VIII 80 

Meteorological  Records  important— by  whom  furnished 91 

Meteoological  Table*— IX,  X,  and  XI : 92-94 

Influence  of  Climate  on  Death-rate 95-97 

Daily  Range  of  Thermometer,  and  the  Death- 
rate 61,62,96,97,102,103,114 

Influence  of  Sex,  Season,  and  Age  upon  Mortality,  fh>m  Ten 

Specified  Causes— Tables  XII  and  XIII 98-99 

Cancer 100 

Cephalitis— Croup 101 

Croup,  by  Months,  Influence  of  Uniform,  Warm,  and  Moist  Air.  .102-104 

Diarrhea,  Diphtheria 104 

Dysentery,  Measles,  and  Scarlatina 105 

Typhoid  Fever,  Whooping  Cough 106-107 

Occupation  and  Average  Age— Table  XTV 108-116 

Causes  of  Death  Statistically  Classified— Table  XV 117-147 

Plan  of  Classification 148 

Deaths  in  this  State  compared  with  Massachusetts,  by  Classes— 

"  Exhibit  B" 149 

Geographical  Divisions  of  the  State— Counties  include<^  in  each..  .149-150 


C0NTEin>5.  205 

Page. 
Death-rate  in  State  and  Divisions,  from  each  Class  of  Causes— 

•*  Exhibits 151-153 

Causes  of  Death  alphabetically  arranged— Table  XVI 153-170 

Still-births  included  [Note.— See  Erratum,  page  206] 171 

Inflammation  and  Congestion  not  definite  terms 171 

Fifteen  Principal  Causes  of  Death— Table  XVII 172 

Consumption,  Typhoid  Fever,  and  Old  Age 1 72-173 

Diarrhea  and  Dysentery— "Exhibit  D" 173-174 

Fever,  Dropsy,  and  Brain  Disease  not  definite 174 

Casualty,  Nature  of  Causes  so  tabulated 175 

Old  Age,  and  Aged  Seventy  and  over,  contrasted 175 

Influence  of  General  Causes  best  shown  at  extremes  of  age 61, 175 

Consumption,  in  Divisions  of  the  State 175-0 

Pneumonia,  in  Divisions  of  the  State 176 

Death-rate,  by  Divisions  and  Counties,  from  All  Causes,  four 

Principal  Causes,  and  from  Extremes  of  Age— Tables  XVIII 

and  XIX 176-177 

Correlation  of  Consumption  and   Pneumonia— Exhibits  '*£" 

and  **F" 176-182 

Objects  and  uses  of  Vital  Statistics. ..  .95,  97, 101, 108, 115, 150, 152, 176 
Reason  for  lack  of  Practical  Deductions,  etc.,  fh>m  Table  XX. . .  183 
Consumption,  by  Months,  Age,  Occupation,  Sex,  and  Conjugal 

Condition— Table  XX 184-194 

Act  relative  to  Registration w 195-203 

Erratum 206 


ERRATUM. 

In  page  171,  line  6,  for  "rarely  bom  alive,'*  read  ^^rcaUif  bom 
alive/* 


FIRST   ANNUAL    REPORT 


SECRETARY  OF  STATE 


STATE    OF    MICHIGAN, 


BBLATENO  TO 


INSURANCE. 


Sr  AUTBOBITT. 


LAHSING: 

W.  B.  GEOKOE  &  CO.,  PR1MTEB8  TO  THE  STATE. 

1870. 


PREFACE. 


STATE   DEPARTMENT,   MICHIGAN. 

Secretaby^s  Office,   \ 
Lansing,  July    i,  1870,  J 

To  His  Excellency  Henry  P.  Baldwin, 

Governor  of  Michigan: 

Sir, — I  have  the  honor  to  present  herewith  the  first  annual 
report  of  the  condition  and  affairs  of  Insurance  companies 
organized  under  the  laws  of  this  State,  and  of  those  organized 
under  the  laws  of  other  States  and  foreign  goyemments,  agree- 
ably to  the  provisions  of  "  An  act  in  relation  to  life  insurance 
companies  transacting  business  in  this  State,^  approved  March 
30, 1869,  and  also  of  ^^  An  act  relative  to  the  organization  and 
powers  of  fire  and  marine  insurance  companies  transacting 
business  within  this  State,**  approved  April  3, 1869. 

Immediately  after  the  approval  of  the  act  relative  to  Ufe 
insurance,  all  life  companies  incorporated  by  the  laws  of  other 
States,  and  at  that  time  authorized  to  do  business  in  this,  were 
notified  of  the  provisions  of  section  ten  of  said  act,  requiring 
a  deposit  of  one  hundred  thousand  dollars  for  the  benefit  of 
all  policy-holders,  with  the  State  Treasurer  of  this  State,  or 
with  the  proper  oflicer  of  the  State  where  the  company  was 
incorporated.  No  actual  deposit  of  securities  has  been  made 
in  this  State.  The  companies  notified,  promptly  filed  a  satis- 
factory certificate,  showing  the  required  deposit  in  their  own 


4  PBSFACE. 

State,  with  but  one  exception, — the  Great  Western  life  Insur- 
ance company,  of  Chicago,  Illinois.  This  company,  at  that 
time  haying  no  deposit,  witiidrew  from  the  State. 

The  enactments  of  1869,  requiring  detailed  annual  state- 
ments of  the  actual  condition  of  companies,  haye  giyen  gen- 
eral satisfaction,  and  Tery  nearly  meet  the  demands  of  the 
large  and  constantly  increasing  insurance  interests  of  the 
State.  The  intent  of  these  laws — ^to  subserre  the  interest  of 
all  reliable  compuiies,  and  giye  to  the  insured  a  guarantee  of 
solvency — is  clearly  apparent 

In  executing  the  law,  the  following  am^idments  necessary 
to  its  practical  working  hare  suggested  themselyes,  to  which 
joar  attention  is  respectftdly  directed. 

Both  life  and  fire  insiirance  companies  are  now  required  to 
report  tiieir  condition  at  tiie  close  of  the  year,  to  this  depart- 
ment»  and  file  a  statement  thereof  during  the  month  of  Jan- 
uary. The  time  for  filing  these  statements  should  be  extended 
during  the  month  of  February,  and  in  case  of  companies  of 
foreign  govemments,  until  the  first  day  of  June,  in  each  year. 
Very  few  companies  are  able  to  comply  with  tiie  present  re- 
quirement, as  the  time  is  too  limited  in  which  to  receive  full 
returns  from  different  agencies  and  States,  and  compile  a 
complete  annual  statement 

Some  proTidon  is  needed  requiring  life  insurance  compa- 
nies to  appoint  an  attorney  in  this  State  upon  whom  process 
of  law  can  be  seired. 

Your  attention  is  also  called  to  a  provision  in  section  %3 
of  the  act  r^ulating  fire  insurance,  preventing  companies 
whose  capitals  are  impaired  to  an  extent  of  five  per  cent  from 


PBEFACE.  5 

doing  business  in  this  State  while  snch  impairment  exists. 
After  setting  aside  a  reinsurance  fund  equal  to  fifty  per  cent, 
of  gross  unearned  premiums,  in  addition  to  a  reserve  for  all 
other  liabilities,  the  present  law  making  so  slight  an  impair- 
ment of  capital  a  bar  to  farther  business,  works,  in  many  cases, 
great  injustice  to  safe  and  reliable  companies.  While  the  con- 
dition and  afEairs  of  companies  should  be  rigidly  investigated, 
and  the  items  composing  assets  closely  scrutinized,  and  all 
possible  legal  means  used  to  exclude  unsound  companies,  it  is 
difficult  to  see  the  wisdom  or  policy  of  refusing  authority  to 
a  company  whose  capital  for  the  time  being  is  so  slightly 
impaired. 

The  act  regulating  life  insurance  companies  confers  no  au- 
thority upon  this  department  over  the  various  cooperative  and 
mutual  benefit  associations  that  are  doing  business  in  this 
State.  Life  insurance  companies  doing  a  legitimate  business 
are  required  to  possess  a  certain  amount  of  first-class  securi- 
ties as  assets,  are  subject  to  official  scrutiny,  are  required  to 
pay  a  specific  tax  upon  gross  receipts  in  this  State,  and  may 
well  complain  of  this  unjust  discrimination  against  them.  A 
law  giving  the  Secretary  of  State  authority  over  these  associa- 
tions, together  with  a  law  regulating  health  and  accident 
companies,  is  respectfully  recommended. 

In  this  report  the  statements  of  the  companies  organized 
under  the  laws  of  this  State  are  given  in  full,  and  the  state- 
ments of  other  companies  are  given  in  the  form  of  abstracts, 
as  it  is  not  deemed  expedient  to  print  them  entire. 

Very  respectfully, 

0.  L.  SPAULDING, 
Secretary  of  State. 


PIRST  ANNUAL  REPORT  ON  INSURANCE, 

BY  THE 

SECRETARY   OF  STATE. 


The  records  showing  the  history  of  insurance  in  Michigan, 
prior  to  the  year  eighteen  hundred  and  fifty-nine,  are  yery 
defective. 

On  the  twelfth  day  of  February,  eighteen  hundred  and  fifty- 
five,  an  act  was  approved,  entitled  "An  act  in  relation  to 
insurance  companies  and  insurance  agents,"  the  provisions  of 
which  applied  only  to  companies  of  other  States.  No  record 
of  the  names  of  companies  doing  business  under  that  act  exists, 
as  annual  statements  were  not  required  to  be  filed,  and  no 
supervision  was  had  by  any  State  authority. 

Previous  to  the  passage  of  the  act  named,  and  until  the 
adoption  of  the  Constitution  of  eighteen  hundred  and 
fifty,  special  charters  were  granted  to  various  companies 
(a  list  of  which  is  annexed)  by  the  Legislative  Council  of  the 
Territory  and  the  Legislature  of  this  State.  No  annual  state- 
ments were  required  from  these  companies,  and  it  is  impossible 
to  know  the  success  attained,  or  the  date  when  they  suspended 
business. 

STOCK   FIRE  INSUBANCE  COMPANIES  OF  THIS  STATE. 

The  insurance  companies  organized  and  now  doing  business 
in  this  State  were  incorporated  by  "  An  act  for  the  incorpo- 
ration of  insurance  companies,  and  defining  their  powers  and 
duties,"  approved  February  16, 1859. 

The  provisions  of  this  act,  except  as  relates  to  Farmers' 
Mutual  Fire  Insurance  Companies,  are  suspended  by  the  acts 


8 


FIBBT  ANNUAL  BEPOBT  ON  INSURANCE. 


of  1869,  which  very  materially  raise  the  standard  of  excellence 
required  of  stock  companies. 

The  act  of  1859  was  found  to  be  a  most  unreliable  agent  in 
ascertaining  the  true  standing  and  condition  of  companies. 
Sworn  annual  statements  were  required  as  now,  but  no  proyi- 
sion  was  made  for  a  personal  examination  by  the  Secretary  of 
State. 

At  the  time  of  the  approval  of  the  act  of  1869, — ^April  3, — 
the  following  stock  fire  insurance  companies  were  transacting 
business : 


NAME. 


Hicblgan  State. 

Detroit  Fiieaad  Marine 

State 

^tna  lira  Stock,  Fire,  and  Tornado... 


Datb  of 

iNOOBFOBATIOIf. 


Feb.  9, 18M. 
Jan.  80, 18M 
Oct.  80, 18IT. 
Dec.  13, 1867 


LOOATIOV. 


Adrian. 
Detroit. 
Ijmafng. 
Ozfoid. 


The  assets  and  affairs  of  the  Michigan  State  Insurance 
Company  were  examined  by  Qea  H.  House,  Esq.,  and  the 
Detroit  Fire  and  Marine  Insurance  Company  by  Sam'l  H. 
Bow,  Deputy  Secretary  of  State.  Both  these  examinations 
were  made  in  September,  1869,  and  the  companies  found  to  be 
in  a  sound  and  satisfactory  condition. 

On  the  29th  day  of  July,  1869,  a  commission  was  issued  for 
an  examination  of  the  State  Insurance  Company  of  Lansing, 
but  the  commissioners  were  denied  access  to  the  books  and 
papers  of  the  company.  The  case  was  referred  to  the  Attorney 
General,  Hon.  Dwight  May,  who  made  application  to  the  Su- 
preme Court  for  a  writ  of  mandamus  under  Sec.  26,  of  the  act 
of  1869,  regulating  fire  insurance,  to  compel  the  company  to 
submit  its  books  to  an  inspection.  The  court  held  the  act 
valid,  and  directed  the  writ  to  issue.  The  books,  records,  and 
affairs  of  the  company  were  then  examined  by  a  commission 
consisting  of  Geo.  H.  House  and  H.  D.  Bartholomew,  and  a 
report  thereon  made  to  this  Department 


FIRST  ANNUAL  REPORT  ON  INSURANCE.  9^ 

The  bonds  and  mortgages^  composing  largely  the  assets  of 
the  company,  were  not  recorded,  and  were  non-interest  bearing. 
A  notice  was  served  upon  the  oflScers  of  the  company,  to  pay 
in  and  re-inyest  the  capital,  and  a  subsequent  examination  of 
its  affairs  was  made  on  the  31st  day  of  May  last,  the  result  of 
which  is  given  in  detail,  in  connection  with  the  supplementary 
annual  statement  of  the  company. 

-«TNA  LIVE  STOCK,  FIRE,  AND  TORNADO  INSURANCE  COMPANY, 

OF  OXFORD. 

The  condition  of  the  Mtna  Live  Stock,  Fire,  and  Tornado 
Insurance  Company,  of  Oxford,  is  deemed  unsound,  and  its^ 
affairs  have  been  referred  to  the  Attorney  General,  with  request 
that  he  proceed  to  close  it  up  at  once.  The  Company  is  at' 
present  doing  no  business  in  this  State. 


Names  of  Companies  Chartered  by  the  Legidatite  Council  of  ^  Territory 

and  by  the  Legislature  of  Michigan, 


NAME. 

Location. 

• 

Date  of  Charter. 

Expiration  of 
Charter. 

Hlchigan  Insurance  Company.. 

Detroit 

March  7, 1884. 

Jane  1, 1880. 

Kalamazoo  Matnal  Ins.  Co 

Kalamazoo... 

March  7, 1884. 

March  7, 1854. 

Michigan  Mat.  Fire  Ins.  Co 

Ann  Arbor... 

March  21, 1887 

March  21, 1857. 

Adrian  Insurance  Compan; 

Adrian 

April  17, 1889. 

Repealed  Jan.  24, 
[1858. 
April  17, 1869. 

Berrien  Coonty  Mat  Ins,  Co 

Niles. 

April  17, 1889. 

Marshall  Matnal  Ins.  Co 

Marshall 

March  25, 1840 

March  25, 1890. 

Oakland  Co.  Mat  Fire  Ins.  Co.. 

Pontiac 

March  9, 1848. 

PeninsolarMat  F.  and  M.  Ins. 
Co.    Name  changed  to  Detroit 
F.  A  M.  Ins.  Co.,  March  81,  '49 

Detroit 

March  12, 1844 

March  12, 1884. 

Jlacomh  Connty  Mat  Ins.  Co... 

Mt  Clemens. 

April  8, 1848.. 

April  8, 1878. 

Northwestern  Health  Ins.  Co.... 

Ann  Arbor... 

March  80, 1840 

March  80, 1809. 

North  American  Health  Ins.  Co. 
Name  changed  to  North  Amer- 
ican Health  and  Life  Ins.  Co., 
March  81, 1849.   Changed  anin 
to  Northwestern  Health.  Lilb 
and  Fire  Ins.  Co.,  March  i9,  '60 

Detroit 

March  80, 1840 

March  80, 1889. 

% 

10 


FIRST  ANNUAL  REPORT  ON  INSURANCE. 


Ust  of  Iruuranee  Companies  organized  under  the  Act  of  1869  ^  and  amend- 
menu  thereto,  not  now  doing  businesi  in  the  State. 


NAME. 

Location. 

Date  of 
Oiganlzation. 

Oermin  Fannen'  Fire  Ins.  Co.  of  WmshtenAw  Connty 

Lodi,  Mich... 

Sept.  5, 18». 

The  Oakland  County  Fanners'  Hntoal  Ins.  Co 

Oxford 

May  22, 1843. 

Mlchlmn  Home  Insurance  Comwiny 

Oxford. 

Jan.  9. 1868. 

Michigan  Central  Mntnal  Insurance  Company 

Kalamazoo... 

March  7, 18M. 

Climax  Hntoal  Fire  Insnranco  Co.  of  Detroit 

Detroit. 

July  19, 1864. 
Jan.  19, 1866. 

National  Life  and  Health  Insurance  Company 

Kalamazoo... 

Fire  Ins.  Co.  of  Macomb,  Lapeer,  and  Oakland  Cos- 

Romeo 

Jan.  81,  1866. 

Home  Insurance  Company  of  Coldwater,  Mich 

Coldwater.... 

March  4, 1866. 

Jackson 

March  10,  '66. 

The  People's  Mnt.  Fire  Insurance  Co.  of  Detroit 

Detroit. 

March  80,  ;66. 

Peninsular  Mutual  Life  Insurance  Company 

Detroit. 

Not.  15. 1866. 

The  Peninsular  Fire  lasuranoe  Company  of  Detroit.. 

Detroit. 

Jan.  28,  1867. 

Ist  day  of  December  ^  13 


ASBBBBXBI^ 


-t 


Cates  Per  Cent.  of. 


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o 


0  ^cent.... 
0  of  a  mill... 

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tiillB^ll.... 
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2.892  97 
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8,648  87 

2,100  45 

4.840  87 

10,502  00 


te  Company  of  All^an  an( 


MICHIGAN  STOCK  FIRE  INSURANCE  COMPANIE& 


(S)0mf%UA  item  tint  §,mm\  ^UUmttnH 


OP     THE 


FIRE  INSURANCE  COMPANIES 

OP  THE 

STATE  OF  MIOHIOAlSr. 

Shoi^inK  tlieir  Condition  on  th.e  3l8t  day  of  December, 

1860. 


MICmGAN  STATE  INSURANCE  COMPANY. 


[  Located  at  Adrian :  incorporated  Feb.  2, 1864.  ] 

WM.  8.  WILCOX,  President  HENRY  HART,  Secretary, 

Capital  Stock  of  the  Company,  $150,000. 

I.  ASSBTS. 

IXMUM  <m  bond  and  mortgage  (first  Uent) $88,600  88 

Interest  aecmed  on  bond  and  mortgage  loans 9,809  94 

Vahie  of  mortgaged  premises  (buildings  Insored  for  $68,975),  $180,075. 

Stocki  and  Bandt  owned  5y  the  Company : 

Par  Value. 

U.  8.  5»90  and  10-40  bonds $91,950  00 

CItj  of  Adrian,  Mich. 11,000  0© 

"     Jackson,  Midi 6,000  00 

"     Hillsdale,  Hlch. 9,000  00 

Village  of  Hadson 1,900  00 

Bcbool  bond,  dty  of  Adrian,  Mich. 15,900  00 

"    Tillage  of  Teonmsdi,  Mkh 6,000  00 

•*  "  '*     of  Oreenvillo,  Mich 7,000  00 

*^  ^'     town  of  Baisin,  Lenawee  count  J 500  00 

"  "     dtj  of  Learenworth,  Kansas 95,000  00 

Lenawee  count  J 1,800  00 

Mendon  township,  St.  Joseph  countj,  Mich 500  00 

School  bond,  Wanseon,  Ohio 464  00 

Total  par  Talue 96,414  00 

Amount  of  loans  b j  the  Companj,  ria :  on  personal  security.. .      $9,400  00 

Cash  deporited  in  hands  of  W.  H.  Stone,  banker $19,780  88 

Cash  deposited  in  hands  of  the  Secretary 488  98 

Caahlnhands  of  Agents 6,000  00 

Total  amount  of  cash  items 96,964  11 

Amount  of  interest  accrued 8,786  98 

Qross  Premiums 58,685  41 

Amount  of  an  other  property 1,800  00 

Total  gross  amount  of  Assets ^ $966,709  97 

Amount  deducted 8,000  0© 

Aggregate  amount  of  all  the  available  assets ^ ^ $958,709  97 


14  FIKST  ANNUAL  REPORT  ON  INSURANCE. 

m.   LIABIUTIB8. 

Losses  noAcUusted,  indodlDg  all  reported  and  supposed  losses I6.T10  87 

Losses  resisted,  indadiDg  iDterest  and  costs,  upon  which  no  salts  hare 

been  commenced S,960  00 

Net  amount  of  all  unpaid  losses  and  claims 18,000  87 

Re-lnsnrance  at  50  per  cent,  of  prem.  on  fire  risks  under  one  year,  $28,688  84 
Re-insurance  pro  rata  on  Are  risks  running  more  than  one  year. .  07,091  08 
Amount  required  to  safely  re-Insure  all  outstanding  risks  of  the  Company, 

estimated  at  fifty  per  cent  of  gross  premiums  on  risks  not  terminated.      47,80i  20 


Aggregate  liabilities,  including  capital  and  net  surplus. |0O,CfiS  08 


IV.   INCOME. 

Gross  cash  premiums  received  during  the  year |n,744  57 

Interest  received  on  bonds  and  mortgages 5,718  81 

Interestrecelved  from  all  other  sources 5,801  10 

Aggregate  Income  recdred  during  the  year  in  cash $88,084  4& 


V.  EXPENDITURES. 

Net  amount  paid  during  the  year  for  losses $27,400  M 

Amount  paid  for  commissions  and  brokerage 11,101  08 

Salaries  and  other  charges  of  officers,  clerks,  and  other  employes 0,998  15 

Amount  paid  for  State  and  local  taxes. 861  86 

Amount  paid  for  national  taxes  and  duties 0,474  40 

Amount  of  all  other  payments,  riz:  advertising,  rents,  stampa,  stationery, 

printing,  and  all  other  office  expenses 4,114  SO 

Aggregate  expenditures  during  the  year  in  cash $00,980  M 


REPORT  OF  THE  COMMISSIONER  APPOINTED  TO  EXAMINE  THE  MICHIGAN 

STATE  INSURANCE  COMPANY. 

LandnQy  Jyiy  180, 1870. 
Hon.  O*  L.  Spaulding,  Secretary  of  State : 

Sir — On  the  18th  inst.,  I  examined  the  Michigan  State  Insurance 
Company,  of  Adrian,  and  report  the  condition  of  the  company  at  that 
date,  as  follows : 

I.  capital. 

Amount  of  ftiU  paid  capital $100,000  00 


FIRST  ANNUAL  REPORT  ON  INSURANCE.  15 

U.   ASSETS. 

Bonds  and  mortgages. |M,T50  00 

U.  S.  bonds 9,860  00 

Municipal  bonds 78,804  00 

Interest  dne  and  accraed 8,400  00 

SafSes  and  ftimitore 1,800  00 

Cash  in  bank ^  8,74T  18 

Agents^  aoconnts  and  notes  for  premiums 48,820  6& 

Loans  on  personal  security,— indorsed  notes 2,711  85 

Total  assete $246,849  18 

in.  UABILITIES. 

Losses  a^QSted  and  unpaid $2,800  6& 

Losses  nna^jnsted 2,725  00 

Loss  resisted 1,000  00 

Re-insorance at 50  percent 47,000  00 

Uabilities,  ezdnsive  of  capital $88,085  65 

Amountofftill  paid  capita] 150,000  00 

$208,085  65 
Net  snrpliis  over  capital $48,768  48 

The  company  declared  and  paid  an  annual  dividend  of  15  per  cent., — 
$22,a00,— on  the  let  day  of  February,  1870. 

Respectfully  submitted. 

BAM'L  H.  ROW, 
Special  CbmV. 


DETROIT  FIRE  AND  MARINE  INSURANCE 

COMPANY. 


[  Located  in  Detroit,  Mich. ;  incorporated  Jan.  20, 1866.  ] 

CALEB  VAN  HUSAN,  PreMent.    JAMES  J.  CLARK,  Secretary, 

Capital  Stock  of  the  Company,  $150,000. 

I.  A88BTS. 

Loans  on  bond  and  mortgage  (flnt  liens) |142,850  00 

Interest  accraed  on  bond  and  mortgage  loans AJSfli  ST 

Yalae  of  mortgaged  premises  (buildings  insnred  for  $64,700)  $825,700. 

Stock*  and  Bonds  owned  liy  the  Cktrnpany : 

Market  Yalne. 

TJ.  8:5.20  bonds $61,600  00 

•  State  of  Michigan  (7  par  cent  war  loan) 7,000  00 

Totalmarket  value 68,600  00 

Amoont  of  loans  by  the  Company,  vis :  on  personal  security..    $10,000  00 

Amount  of  cash  on  hand 481  82 

Cash  deposited  in  the  American  National  Bank 14,858  24 

Cash  in  hands  of  agents 4,005  01 

Total  amount  of  cash  items 18,850  07 

Amount  of  interest  accrued 802  56 

Amount  of  interest  due  and  unpaid 681  74 

Gross  premiums 14,060  15 

Amount  of  all  other  property 8,885  W 

Total  gross  amount  of  all  the  assets $256,668  84 

Amount  deducted 1,445  78 

Aggregate  amount  of  all  the  ayailable  assets $265,816  61 

n.  LIABILITIES. 

Losses  unacUusted,  including  all  reported  and  supposed  losses.      $5,947  10 
Losses  resisted,  including  interest,  costs,  and  expenses. 1,850  00 

Net  amount  of  all  unpaid  losses  and  claims $7,787  19 

/Amount  required  to  safely  re-insure  all  outstanding  risks  of  the  Company 

at  fifty  per  cent  of  gross  premiums  on  risks  not  terminated 49,808  54 

Amount  due  and  accrued  for  salaries,  Ac 116  67 

AmonaS  «f  aU  other  claims  against  the  Company. 2,545  95 

Total  liabUities  except  capital  and  net  surplus 60,868  85 


FIBST  ANNUAL  REPORT  ON  INSURANCE.  17 

Total  liabilities  except  capital  and  net  snrpliu,  brought  forward $408,08  85 

Amount  of  Joint  stock  capital  paid  np,  in  caah 160,000  00 

Net  sorplns  over  and  above  all  liabilities 41,958  M 

Aggregate  liabilities,  indnding  capital  and  net  sorplns |255,816  61 

m.  INCOME. 

Gross  cash  preminms  received  dnring  the  year  on  lire  risks $07,079  12 

''         on  marine  and  iidand  risks 88,177  46 

Total  amount $185,866  68 

Dednct  only  for  re-insurance,  rebate,  and  return  premium. .      17,891  77 

Total  net  amount  of  cash  received  for  premiums $117,964  81 

Marine  and  inland  premiums  not  paid  in  cash $9,441  87 

Interest  received  on  bonds  and  mortgages 10,780  22 

**      and  dividends  received  from  all  sources 8,762  86 

Total  income  received  from  all  other  sources 5,295  06 

Aggregate  income  received  during  the  year  in  cash $142,802  94 

IV.  EXPENDITURES. 

Net  amount  paid  for  lire  losses  during  the  year $8(^714  17 

'*  ''  marine  and  inland  losses 16,006  80 

Net  amount  paid  for  losses  (of  which  $19,970  67  belonged  to  prior  years)..  $46,720  06 

Amount  of  cash  dividends  paid  during  the  year 22,600  00 

**      paid  for  commissions  and  brokerage. 11,685  50 

Salaries  and  other  charges  of  officers,  clerks,  and  other  employes 12,788  81 

Amount  paid  for  State  and  local  taxes 1,669  75 

"             »»     National  taxes  and  duties 8,860  81 

^*      of  all  other  payments,  rlt :  revenue  stamps,  printing,  advertising, 

rent,  Ac 6,942  85 

Aggregate  expenditures  dnring  the  year  in  cash $105,841  87 


REPORT  OF  THE  COMMISSIONER  APPOINTED  TO  EXAMINE  THB  DETROIT 

FIRE  AND  MARINE  INSURANCE  COMPANY. 

Lansing,  July  20, 1870, 
Hon.  O.  L.  Spaulding,  Secretary  of  State: 

Sir, — I  herewith  submit  a  statement  of  the  condition  and  affairs  of  the 
Detroit  Fire  and  Marine  Insurance  C!ompany  of  Detroit,  on  the  1st  day 
of  July,  1870,  as  shown  by  the  books  and  records  of  the  Company,  per- 
sonally examined  by  me  on  the  14th  hist. 

SAM'L  H.  ROW, 
Special  Corner, 
3 


18  FIB8X  AKKUAL  BBPOBT  OK  IKSUBAKCE. 

I.  CAPITAL. 

Amount  of  ftiU  paid  capital |160,000  OO 

n.  ASSETS. 

1.  Cash  on  hand  and  in  Bank |9,86Q  It 

9.  Bonds  and  mortgages. 154,450  W- 

8.  U.  S.5-20 bonds 56,000  00- 

4.  Premium  on  bonds 8,850  W 

5.  Loans  on  personal  security— endorsed  notes 10,000  0<^ 

0.  Bills  receivable— marine  risks 48,846  OT 

7.  Pire  Premium  notes 102  40 

8.  Salvage  claims 791  40- 

9.  Office  Itimlture 1,481  19 

10.  Deposits  with  National  and  Detroit  Board  of  Underwriters 270  00- 

11.  Uncollected  Hull  premiums 60  00 

12.  Uncollected  interest  on  loans  due 8,475  05 

18.  Pire  premiums— home  office 4,168  95 

14.  Due  from  other  companies 2^8  78- 

16.  Due  from  sundry  agents 4,480  67 

16.  Accrued  interest 1,8 


Total  assets $294,887  96^ 

m.  LIABILTTIBS. 

Pire  losses  accrued ■- $5,984  25 

Marine  losses  accrued 868  lO* 

U.  S.  revenue  tax  on  dividend  and  surplus 820  84 

Due  other  companies  for  re-insurance 2,450  15 

Due  sundry  agents 82  10 

Be-insurance  at  fifty  per  cent 70,714  95 

Liabilities  exclusive  of  capltaL. $80,920  60 

Capital  stock 160,000  00 

$280,920  0 


Net  surplus  over  capital,  $68,067  27. 

The  Company  paid  a  semi-annual  dividend  of  6  per  cent,  in  January^ 
1870. 


STATE  INSURANCE  COMPANY. 


[Located  at  Lansiog,  Mich. ;  incorporated  October  29tb,  1867.] 
I.  H.  BARTHOLOMEW,  Prendent    G.  W.  CHANDLER,  A$$H  See'y. 

Capital  Stock  of  the  Company,  $100,000. 

n.  A88BTS. 

Loans  on  bond  and  mortgage  (tint  liene) |9T,000  (M^ 

Value  of  mortgaged  premiaea  (the  bnlldlnge  Inanred  for  $8,100)..  $211,900  00 

Stoek$  and  Bonds  owtud  ^  tks  Owiipafty .' 

Township  of  Oneida,  Baton  Co.,  Michigan,  B.  R 8,S00  00 

'*            Ionia,  Ionia  Co.,  Michigan,  B.  R BOO  00 

American  Merchants*  Union  Bxpress  Company 700  00 

Amount  of  bonds  of  this  and  other  States 8,790  OO 

''  cash  in  hands  of  the  Treasnrerl $684  88 

Cash  in  hands  of  agents  and  In  course  of  transmission 18,888  91 

Total  amount  of  cash  items 14,428  84 

Bills  receivable,  not  matured,  taken  for  lire  risks 5,607  20 

Bills  reoeiTsble,  past  due,  taken  for  lire  risks 15,174  85 

Amount  due  on  Judgments  obtained 685  OO 

Amount  of  all  other  property  belonging  to  the  Company,  yIz  :  claims  on 

losses  already  paid,  office  fbmiture,  Ac 1,480  00 

Installment  account— contracts  for  annual  premiums $68,086  41 

Total  gross  amount  of  all  the  assets  of  the  Company 187,884  79 

Amount  deducted 8,000  00 

Aggregate  amount  of  all  actual  ayailable  assets $185,694  79 

m.  LIABILITIES. 
Losses  unadjusted,  including  all  reported  and  supposed  losses^     $1,666  40 

Net  amount  of  all  unpaid  losses  and  claims $1,666  40 

Re-insurance  at  00  per  cent  of  prem.  on  lire  risks  under  one  year     $6,880  47 
pro  rata,  on  fire  risks  running  more  than  one  year. .        7,608  96 


i» 


Amount  required  to  safely  re-insure  all  outstanding  risks 6,991  78 

Amount  of  all  other  demands  against  the  Company,  viz :  salaries,  rent,  ad- 
vertising, and  for  agency ,  and  other  miscellaneous  expenses 8,988  77 

Aggregate  liabilities,  including  capital  and  net  surplus $12,086  90 


20  FIRST  ANNUAL  REPORT  ON  INSURANCE. 

rv.  INCOME. 

Gross  cash  premiimu  receired  daring  the  jear  on  Are  risks. $S8,8M  42 

Deduct  on]  J  for  re-lnsortnce,  rebate,  and  return  premioms 580  68 

Total  net  amount  of  cash  receired  for  preminms $82,803  80 

(Of  the  amount  shown  by  item  live  abore,  $8,000  belonged  to  prior  years^ 
Amount  received  for  premiums  which  have  not  been  paid  in. . .      $$,108  40 

Interest  and  dividends  received  from  all  other  sources 84  48 

Aggregate  income  received  during  the  year  in  cash $28,887  88 

V.  EXPENDITURES. 

Gross  amount  paid  for  Are  losses  during  the  year. $6,825  28 

Deduct  salaries  and  re-insurance  collected 125  00 

Net  amount  paid  for  losses,  of  which  $882  belonged  to  prior  years. $0*860  28 

Salaries  and  other  charges  of  officers,  clerks,  and  other  employes 12,888  62 

Amount  paid  for  State  and  local  taxes 1,118  87 

Amount  paid  for  National  taxes  and  duties 878  7$ 

Amount  of  all  other  payments,  viz :  stationery,  advertising,  rent,  Ac 2,944  88 

$28,796  82 


2o  the  Eon.  the  Secretary  of  Staie  of  Michigan : 

We,  the  undersigned,  appointed  by  you  as  Commissioners  to  examine 
into  tlie  condition  of  the  State  Insurance  Company  of  Lansing,  under 
the  provisions  of  *^An  act  relative  to  the  organization  and  powers  of 
Fire  and  Marine  Insurance  Companies  transacting  business  within  this 
State,*'  approved  April  8d,  1869,  would  respectfully  report : 

We  commenced  said  examination  June  1st,  1870,  with  a  view  of 
obtaining  the  condition  of  the  Company  on  the  Slst  of  May.  The  Com- 
pany is  operating  under  a  charter  granted  to  a  prior  oiganization,  dated 
Oct.  14, 1867,  and  running  for  a  period  of  thirty  years.  The  present,  or 
new  organization,  was  organized  Nov.  22d,  1869,  and  is  composed 
largely  of  a  new  set  of  stockholders. 

The  directors  and  stockholders  of  the  old  organization,  known  as  the 
*^  State  Insurance  Company  of  Lansing,*'  withdrew  iVom  the  Company 
Nov.  22d,  1869,  and  the  board  of  directors  of  the  present  organization 
purchased  all  the  right,  title,  and  interest  of  the  stockholders  of  the  old 
organization  in  and  to  the  affairs  of  said  Company,  as  appears  by  the 
terms  of  a  written  agreement,  entered  into  and  signed  by  the  officers  and 
directors  of  both  old  and  new  organizations ;  and  by  the  terms  of  said 
agreement  all  the  personal  property  or  assets  of  said  old  organization 


FIRST  ANNUAL  REPORT  ON  INSURANCE.  21 

were  passed  over  to  the  new,  and  all  the  liabilities  for  outstanding  losses 
and  policy  risks  in  force  of  said  old  organization  were  assumed  by  the 
new  organization.  This  fact  necessitated  an  examination  of  the  affiftirs 
of  the  Company  as  constituted  prior  to  Nov.  22d,  1860,  and  as  it  exists 
under  its  new  management,  in  order  to  obtain  its  actual  condition. 

The  following  is  a  statement  of  the  assets  and  liabilities  of  the  old 
organization  as  they  existed  May  81st,  1870.  The  assets  as  given  with 
the  office  furniture  now  owned  by  the  new  organization,  and  the 
premium  notes  paid  since  Nov.  22d,  1869  (date  of  new  organization), 
comprised  the  capital  stock  of  the  old  organization  at  that  date.  The 
**  premium  notes,"  comprising  mainly  the  assets,  are  notes  of  hand  taken 
for  cash  premiums,  falling  due  in  a  few  weeks  or  months  from  date, 
some  of  which  have  been  sent  out  to  agents  for  collection  from  time  to 
time,  and  some  of  which  still  remain  in  the  hands  of  the  Company : 

ASSETS. 

In  bands  of  In  bands  of 
Agents.        Company. 

Premium  notes  taken  in  18M. $790  74  $686  19 

"     1866. 1,29194  1,489  94 

*»     1866. 788  86  680  28 

»*     1867 2,108  97  666  88 

"     1868 1,860  98  698  01 

•*     1869 2,62146  1,848  19 

•   $9,812  96  $6,602  44 

Total  In  bands  of  sgents $9,812  96 

"  *•     Company 5,602  44 

Book  account,  due  from  agents  and  Individaals 7,840  08 

$22,166  42 

LIABILITIBS. 

Lien  of  new  organization  on  assets  for  accrued  losses,  $8,800, 

and  re-insurance  of  outstanding  policies,  $4,600.. $7,800  00 

Personal  indebtedness  for  loans... 9.916  20 

Amount  due  for  salaries 1,896  87 

$19,611  07 

The  capital  stock  of  the  Company  as  now  organized  is  $100,000.  This 
capital  is  made  up  of  bonds  and  mortgages,  most  of  which  run  from 
fiAeen  to  twenty -seven  years,  given  to  the  Company  by  individual  stock* 
holders,  which  mortgages  are  mostly  on  city  property  owned  by  said 
stockholders,  and  were  not  an  actual  cash  purchase  by  the  Company,  or 
taken  as  security  for  money  loaned. 

As  to  the  value  of  the  lands  upon  which  the  bonds  and  mortgages  held 
by  the  Company  are  given,  we  have  made  no  examination  or  estimate. 


22  FIRST  ANNUAL  BBPOBT  ON  IN8UBANCE. 

not  deeming  it  to  come  within  the  proyince  of  oar  duty,  without  special 
instractiona. 

The  following  is  a  statement  of  the  assets  and  liabilities  of  the  Com- 
pan  J,  as  they  existed  May  81st,  1870,  according  to  the  books  and  neces- 
■sary  evidences  in  possession  of  the  Company  at  that  date,  without 
including  the  assets  and  liabilities  of  the  old  organization : 

ASSETS. 

1.  Bonds  and  mortgages $97,060  00 

9.  Town  of  Ondda,  I.  &  L.  B.  R.  bonds 8,500  00 

8.  Town  of  Ionia,  I.  A  L.  B.  B.  bonds 600  00 

4.  Twenty  shares  A.  M.  U.  Express  Co.  stock,— flOO  each,— 

maricetralae 800  00 

5.  Office  ftimitore T08  42 

6.  Cash  on  hand 885  98 

7.  Povonal  accounts 140  90 

S.  Due  fh>m  agents 1,857  16 

9.  Bills  receivable— notes  for  cash  preminms_ 668  86 

10.  *  lien  on  securities  of  old  organization,  consisting  of  pre- 

mium notes,  guaranteed  by  personal  agreement  of  L. 
K.  Hewett,  J.  T.  Whitcomb,  C.  L.  Whitcomb,  and  Geo. 
W.  Chandler,  officers  and  directors  of  old  organization.       7,800  00 

11.  Accrued  interest  on  mortgages  to  May  81, 1870 8,488  00 

$115,687  92 

LIABILITIBS. 

1.  Losses  adjusted,  not  due,  of  old  organization $1,700  00 

**      unadjusted  of  old  organization 1,900  00 

*'       reported  of  old  organization 400  00 

9.  Duefor  salaries 544  99 

8.  Amount  necessary  to  re-insure  the  risks  of  new  organiza- 

tion at  50  per  cent  of  unearned  premiums 1,998  54 

4.  Amount  necessary  to  rc-insnre  the  risks  of  old  organiza- 

tion, same  basis 4,500  00 

5.  Capitalstock 100,000  00 

$110,849  88 


The  foregoing  detailed  statements  exhibit  separately  the  affairs  of  the 
Company  as  they  existed  prior  to  its  reorganization,  and  as  they  existed 
May  8l8t,  1870,  without  including  the  assets  and  liabilities  of  the  old 
organization.    Combining  said  statements,  we  have  the  following  table, 

*  The  new  organization  hold  as  security  the  premium  notes  of  the  old  organiza- 
tion, and  the  personal  agreement  of  L.  E.  Hewett,  J.  T.  Whitcomb,  C.  L.  Whitcomb. 
and  George  W.  Chandler,  officers  and  directors  of  the  old  organization,  against  all 
losses  that  may  hereafter  occur  under  the  policies  of  said  old  organization  now  in 
force,  and  all  policy  risks  of  the  old  organization  are  assumed  by  the  new,  by  the  terms 
of  the  written  agreement  heretofore  referred  to,  and  entered  into  by  the  directors  of 
the  old  and  new  organizations,  a  copy  of  which  is  hereto  attached,  marked  Schedule 


FIBST  AVKUAL  RBPOBT  OK  IKSUBAKGE.  23 

showing  the  actual  condition  of  the  State  Insurance  Company,  May 
^Ist,  1870 : 

ASSETS. 

1.  BoDdfl  and  mortgtges $97,000  00 

8.  Town  of  Oneida,  I.  &  L.  R.  B.  bonds 9,500  00 

8.  Town  of  Ionia,  I.  A  L.  R.  B.  bonds 600  00 

4.  Twenty  shares  A.  M.  U.  Express  Co.  stock,— flOO  per 

share,— market  Talne 800  00 

5.  Office  ftimitnre 708  48 

6L  Cash  on  hand 885  28 

T.  Personal  accounts 140  20 

8.  Doe  fh>m  agents 4. 1,857  16 

9.  Bills  receivable— notes  for  cash  premioms 868  86 

10.  Premium  notes  of  old  organixation 14,815  89 

11.  Book  accounts,  due  from  agents  and  indlYlduals  (old  or- 

ganliation) 7,840  08 

12.  Accrued  Interest  on  mortgages  to  May  81st,  1870 8,488  00 

$129,998  84 

LIABILITIES. 

1.  Losses  acUosted,  not  due $1,700  00 

"       unadUosted 1,200  00 

"       reported 400  00 

S.  Due  for  salaries,  new  oiganization 544  29 

*'       old             "         1,895  87 

8.  Amount  necessary  to  re-lnsnre  outstanding  risks 6,498  54 

4.  Indebtedness  for  money  loans 9,915  20 

(Liabilities  excluding  capital  stock) $22,158  90 

5.  Capital  stock 100,000  00 

Total  liabilltiee $122,168  90 

We  append  herewith  a  detailed  statement  of  the  mortgages  held  by  the 
company,  marked  Schedule  "  A.  **  Many  of  the  mortgages,  at  the  date 
of  our  examination,  lacked  the  signature  of  the  wife  of  the  mortgagor, 
but  this  has  since  been  partiaUy  remedied,  and  the  officers  of  the  com- 
pany promise  that  all  shall  be  made  correct  in  this  particular. 

We  append  also  herewith,  marked  Schedule  **  B,"  a  list  of  the  stock- 
holders of  the  company,  as  appears  by  their  stock  book,  with  the  amount 
of  stock  subscribed  by  each.  The  stock  book  of  the  company  is  one 
prepared  for  the  old  organization,  and  lacks  the  proper  and  legal  head- 
ing usually  prefixed  to  the  stock  books  of  corporations,  the  heading 
merely  giving  the  name,  post-office  address,  and  number  of  shares  of 
stock  of  each  stockholder.  The  officers  of  the  company  also  promise 
that  this  defect  shall  be  remedied. 

All  of  which  is  respectftiUy  submitted. 

8AMX  H.  ROW, 

N.  B.  JONES, 

Commmioners, 


24 


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26  FIB9I  ANNUAL  BEPOBT  OK  IN8URANCB. 


SCHEDULE  **B/' 

iMt  of  Stockholders  of  SkUe  Inturanee  Company  with  amount  cf  Stock 

owned  by  each^  May  31^  1870, 

L.  K.  Hewett v $11,000 

A.  N.  Hart 15,000 

Wm.  H.  Chapman 10,000 

John  J.  Bush 10,000 

John  W.  Longyear 5,000 

E.  R.  Merrifield 2,000 

Whitney  Jones 5,000 

James  Cummin 5,000 

H.  B.  Shank 2,500 

Cyrus  Hewitt 5,000 

I.  H.  Bartholomew 8,500 

A.  R.  Thayer 8,000 

•Geo.  E.  Ranney 1,000 

J.  W.  Higgs- 1,000 

Geo,  M.  Dayton 500 

J.  B.  Hull 2,000 

C.  H.  Darrow 2,000 

C.  H.  Shepard 2,500 

J.  W.  Edmonds 1,000 

Chas.  Cannell 2,000 

Harley  IngereoU 5,000 

Wm.  L.  Lamed 5,000 

James  P.  Smiley 1,000 

Total ^  $100,000 


FIB8T  ANKUAL  BEPOBT  O^  IK8UBANCB.  27 


SCHEDULE  **C.'' 

Whebbas,  The  parties  hereunto,  who  have  heretofore  constitated  the 
directors  and  stockholders  of  the  State  Insurance  Company,  have  en- 
tirely withdrawn  fh>m  said  Company,  and  new  stockholders  and  a  now 
board  of  directors  haying  purchased  all  the  right,  title,  and  interest  of 
the  retiring  stockholders  and  directors ;  now,  therefore,  this  agreement 

WUne$9eth,  The  new  stockholders  and  directors  agree  to  purchase  all 
of  the  personal  property,  books,  and  blanks,  &c.,  at  such  price  as  may  be 
agreed  on  by  the  two  boards  of  directors ;  also,  to  collect  as  far  as  pos- 
sible the  amounts  now  due  said  Company,  and  from  such  collections  to 
pay  the  unsettled  losses,  and  such  losses  as  may  hereafter  accrue  on  out- 
standing policies,  and  to  pay  the  surplus,  if  any  there  be,  to  the  retiring 
directors. 

And  the  retiring  stockholders  and  directors  do  hereby  agree  to  sell  the 
said  personal  property,  books,  blanks,  &c.,  at  such  price  as  may  be 
agreed  on  by  the  two  boards  of  directOTS,  payment  therefor  to  be  made 
when  there  shall  be  sufficient  funds  realized  from  the  business  by  the  new 
directors  and  stockholders;  and  they  further  agree  to  transfer,  and 
hereby  do  transfer,  all  their  books  of  accounts,  and  all  outstanding  cred- 
its, to  the  new  board  of  directors,  to  be  collected  and  applied  as  herein- 
before set  forth.  Said  new  directors  to  be  allowed  to  use  the  assets  so 
far  as  may  be  necessary  for  the  purpose  of  paying  such  losses  as  may 
occur  under  the  new  management,  before  sufficient  has  been  realized 
from  the  new  business  to  meet  such  losses. 

The  express  object  and  intention  of  this  agreement  being  to  convey  all 
the  right,  title,  and  interest  of  the  old  directors  and  stockholders  to  the 
new  ones,  reserving  only  the  surplus  to  be  realized  on  notes  and  accounts 
now  due  and  to  become  due,  the  new  directors  and  stockholders  being 
allowed  time  on  the  purchase  of  the  personal  property,  and  also  the  use 
of  the  assets  of  the  retiring  directors  and  stockholders  until  such  time  as 
their  own  receipts  shall  be  sufficient  to  meet  all  current  liabilities,  for  the 
purpose  of  avoiding  the  necessity  of  levying  assessments.  And  the  retir- 
ing directors  for  themselves  individually  do  guarantee  that  there  are  suf- 
ficient assets  belonging  to  the  old  directors  and  stockholders  to  cancel 
and  pay  all  the  indebtedness  of  said  retiring  directors  and  stockholders, 


28 


FIB8T  ANNUAL  BEPORT  ON  INSURANCE. 


whether  now  due  or  that  may  hereafter  become  due  on  theu*  outstanding 
policies. 
Dated  this  22d  of  Noyembbb,  1869. 


FmCncT 

Rbt.  Stamp, 

Caxcelxd. 


U.  S.  Rbt. 

6  Ct.  Staxp, 

Camoilbd. 


L.  K.  HEWETT,  PrenderU  and  Director, 
J.  T.  WHITCOMB,  5te*y,  Trea».,andIHredar. 
C.  L.  WmTCOMB,  Dvrtetar. 
GEO.  W.  CHANDLER,  Director. 

• 

I.  H.  BARTHOLOMEW,  Pre%H  and  Director. 

SAM'L  W.  ODELL,  See,,  Treat,,  and  Director, 

JOHN  J.  BUSH,  Director, 

E.  R  MERRIFIELD,  StoekhMer. 

GEO.  W.  CHANDLER, 

WHITNEY  JONES, 

A.  W.  WILLIAMS, 

WM.  H.  CHAPMAN,  Director, 

H.  B.  SHANK. 


NoTi.— Since  the  above  report  was  made,  the  commlsaloners  ftirther  report  that  the 
Cknopany  have  perfected  their  stock  book,  and  also  the  bonds  and  mortgages  by  the 
additional  signatore  of  ihe  wife  of  the  mortgagor,  where  snch  signatore  was  lacking. 
The  Company  bare  obtained  the  foUowing  secaritiee  as  an  additional  guarantee  for 
the  ftilflllment  of  the  contract  referred  to,  viz :  An  assignment  of  the  stock  of  L.  K. 
Hewett  in  the  State  Insnrance  Company,  amounting  to  $11,000.  A  mortgage  executed 
by  L.  K.  Hewett  and  wife  upon  real  estate  situate  in  this  State,  for  $10,000,  and  also  a 
mortgage  given  by  C.  L.  Whitcomb,  on  lands  in  the  State  of  Illinois,  for  $S,000.  Said 
contract  has  been  so  amended  as  to  include  all  the  liabilities  of  the  Company. 


MICHIGAN  LIFE  INSURANCE  COMPANIES 


A.Tt»mtA.CTS, 


^0mpUA  ix0m  iU  li'ttnuat  S^UUmtni 


OP     THE 


MICHIGAN  MUTUAL  LIFE  INSURANCE  CO., 


Slio-wlnflE  its  Oondltlon  on.  tlie  Slat  day  oF  Deoexnber,  1869, 


MICHIGAN    MUTUAL   LIFE    INSURANCE 

COMPANY. 


[  Located  in  Detroit ;  incorporated,  1867.  ] 

JOHN  J.  BAGLEY,  President,  JOHN  T.  LIGGETT,  Secretary, 

Capital  Stock  of  the  Company,  $51,509  17. 

I.  ASSBTS. 

Loans  on  bonds  Mid  mortgage  (flfst  liens) ....^ —       |De.M8  76 

Interest  dae  on  said  mortgages 1,688  90^ 

Value  oflands  mortgaged $lSO,fiOO  00 

Yalae  of  the  buildings  mortgaged,  insured  for  |1T,05O  as 
collateral.. 27,000  00 

Total  yalue  of  mortgaged  premises $147,600  00 

Block  Loom  on  OMaUraU: 

ParValQe.  Market  Yal.  AmHLoaned.- 

Amer.  National  Bank  stock,  Detroit  $1,000  00  $1,800  00  $1,000  00 

"               **                 "  1,000  00  1,200  00  1,000  00 

Second      ''               ''                ''  12,600  00  15,000  00  8,700  00 

Amer.  Mer.  Union  Ex.  Co.  stock ...  4,500  00  1,782  00  1,000  00 

Midi.  M ut  Life  Ins.  Oo.  stodc,  Det  1,888  88  1,888  88  1,080  88 

"        "               "  2,888  88  2,888  88  600  00 

Total  value  of  amount  loaned..    $28,166  66      $28,998  66       $8,280  88 

==  ====         18,280  S» 

Cash  in  Company^s  office... $8,085  06 

Cash  deposited  in  the  American  National  Bank 6,416  41 

Total  amount  of  cash  items 9,451  4T 

Interest  due  and  accrued  except  on  mortgages  and  premium  notes 81  11 

Premiums  in  hands  of  agents  and  in  course  of  coUection. 10,468  60 

Office  premiums  in  course  of  collection. 1,876  77 

Deferred  premiums  for  the  year 7,660  52 

Premium  notes  giren  on  policies  in  force 7,886  89 

Amount  of  actual  loans  (being  notes  taken  for  premiums) 1,788  20 

Present  value  of  commuted  commissions 18,412  20 

Amount  of  all  other  property  belonging  to  the  Company,  consisting  of 

ftimiture  and  fixtures,  including  safe,  lees  10  per  cent  for  wear 1,078  11 

Aggr^gat^  ai(ionnt  of  all  assets $116,481  C4 


32  FIRST  ANNUAL  BEPOBT  ON  INSURANCE. 

n.  LiABiLrriES. 

Amount  required  to  safely  re-insure  all  ontstandlng  policies  as  per  the 
legal  standard,  being  the  American  Experience  Life  Table,  at  four  and 

a-balf  per  cent  interest --.       $80,966  65 

Interest  and  diyidends  declared  to  stockholders 67S  Oi 

Amount  due  and  accrued  for  salaries,  rent,  and  other  expenses 800  00 

Total  lUbmties  except  capital  stock $51,900  69 

Amount  of  paid  up  cash  capita] 51,506  IT 

Aggregate  amount  of  liabilities $106,418  86 


m.  INCOME. 

"Total  amount  of  cash  actually  receiyed  for  premiums $50,007  46 

Notes  and  other  obligations  receired  during  the  year  for  premiums,  not 

actually  paid  in  cash,  less  canceled  notes  on  forfeited  policies 4,168  85 

■Cash  received  for  interest  on  notes  and  other  obligations  given  for  pre* 

miums.. - WB  64 

Interest  receiyed  on  bonds  and  mortgages 1,4S6  88 

Amount  of  Income  receiyed  fh>m  all  other  sources,  consisting  of  the  fol- 
lowing items: 

Incidentals IT  69 

Discount  on  mortgages  purchased 666  89 

Premium  loan  notes  paid  in  cash 17  70 

Assessment  on  guarantee  capital  on  call  of  $86,000 86,509  17 

Aggregate  amount  of  Income  actually  received  during  the  year $88,806  77 


rV.  EXPENDITURES. 

Netamountof  cash  paid  for  losses  and  claims $8,500  00 

Amount  of  notes  and  cash  for  premiums  received  during  the  year  in  the 

payment  of  dividends  to  policyholders 596  01 

Interest  or  dividends  on  capital  paid  to  stockholders 1,689  97 

Cash  paid  on  lapsed  and  surrendered  policies 188  64 

Paid  for  commissions  on  premiums  (of  vrhlch  $10,750  was  In  fhll  for  the 

commutation  of  all  fatnre  commissions  on  the  policies) 18,704  59 

Paid  for  medical  examiners' fees 1,884  70 

Paid  for  salaries,  fees,  and  all  other  charges  of  officers,  trustees,  directors, 

agents,  clerks,  and  other  employes 7,115  49 

Amount  paid  for  license  fees  and  State  and  local  taxes 100  69 

Amount  of  all  other  payments  and  expenditures,  consisting  of  the  fol- 
lowing items :  Printing,  advertising,  and  agency  expenses,  $2,265  70 ; 
/or  traveling  expenses,  $1,154  79 ;  for  postage  and  revenue  stamps, 
J|545  66 ;  for  office  rent,  $916  67 ;  for  aU  other  items  of  expense,  $660  16  5,522  86 

Aggregate  amount  of  actual  expenditures  during  the  year $84,827  99 


FIBST  Aira^UAL  BEPORT  OK  INSURAKCE.  33 

V.  MISCELLANEOUS. 

Number  of  pollcieB  Isaned  daring  the  year  ending  December  81  Bt, 
1869 842 

Amonnt  of  insurance  effected  by  the  policies  above  mentioned $1,500,600  00 

Whole  numbef  and  amonnt  of  polides  in  force  at  the  end  of  the 
year 1,018     1,988,800  00 

Amonnt  re-insured  in  other  companies,  hereafter  to  be  carried  by  this 
Company 80,000  00 


GBKEBAL   EXPLANATIONS. 

The  premiums  of  this  Company  are  based  on  tlie  combined  experience 
(or  actuaries')  table  of  mortality,  with  the  rate  of  interest,  four  (4)  per 
centum  pei  annum.  The  last  valuation  of  policies  was  made  by  James 
C.  Watson,  actuary  of  the  Company.  The  valuations  were  made  by 
net  premiums,  and  wriatm  or  separately  for  each  policy.  Lapsed  poli- 
cies may  be  revived  within  one  year,  on  payment  of  over-due  premiums, 
and  a  satisfactory  medical  examination.  The  Company  does  not  issue 
fire,  marine,  accident,  or  casual  policies  of  any  kind. 

This  is  the  only  Life  Lisurance  Company  organized  under  the  laws  of 
this  State.  Since  the  date  of  the  Company's  annual  statement,  a  new 
charter  has  been  adopted  and  filed  under  the  provisions  of  the  act  in 
relation  to  Life  Insurance  Companies  transacting  business  within  this 
State,  approved  March  80, 1869,  and  one  hundred  thousand  dollars  in 
the  securities  required  by  law  has  been  deposited  with  th^  State 
Treasurer. 


REG-ISTER 

OP 

STOCK  FIRE  INSURANCE  COMPANIES, 

AUTHORIZBD 

To  do  Busineiss  in.  tlie  State  or  Mioliigaii  durinfc  Hie  Tear 

1870. 


FIRE    INSURANCE    COMPANIES. 


*•- 


The  following  a/re  the  onH/y  Fire  Inwranee  CompanieB^  uihieh  up  to  fhie  dat$ 

(July  1st,  187Cf)  have  been  authorized  to  traneact  Mre  Imuranee 

Imsinesa  in  this  SteUe  during  the  year  1870. 


Batb  of 

ADinSSION    IN 
HiCHIGAK. 


Jane  15,  1869. 
Jane  17,  1860. 
Jane  20,  1868. 
Jan.      1,  1870. 

May  24,  1860. 

May  81,  1809. 

Jttly  7,  18». 

May  80,  1860. 

May  25,  1860. 

Feb.  20,  1862. 

May  26,  1880. 

May  28,  1860. 

May  24,  1860. 

May  20,  1860. 
March  4,  1865. 

Joly  6,  1868. 
Not.  18,  1867. 
Jan.     1,  1870. 

June  tft,  1870. 


NAME  OP  COMPANY. 


CALIFORNIA. 

Firemens^  Fond  Insoranoe  Company 

Occidental  Insaranoe  Company 

Pacific  Ineorance  Company 

Union  Insnnnce  Company 

CONNECTICUT. 

.£tna  Inanrance  Company 

Charter  Oak  Fire  and  Marine  Insnrance  Co. 

City  Fire  Insnrance  Company 

Connecticnt  Inaorance  Company 

Hartford  Inanrance  Company 

Home  Insnrance  Company 

Merchants^  Insurance  Company 

North  American  Insnrance  Company. 

Norwich  Insurance  Company 

Phoenix  Insnrance  Company 

Pa tnam  Insnrance  Company 

GREAT  BRITAIN. 

Imperial  Insnrance  Company 

North  British  and  Mercantile  Insnrance  Co. 

Royal  (U.  S.  branch) 

ILLINOIS. 
American  Insnrance  Company 


LOOATIQir. 


San  Francisco. 


*» 


4i 


ti 


»t 


Hartford. 


ki 


ti 


(fc 


tt 


New  HaTen. 
Hartford. 


*t 


Norwich. 
Hartford. 


tt 


London. 

London  &  Bdinbois^ 

LlTcrpool. 

Chicago. 


38 


FIRST  ANNUAL  BEPORT  OK  INSURANCE. 


COMPANIB8-CoHTnnm>. 


DAn  OF 

ADMI88ION  or 

HiomoAK. 


Oct     s. 

1860. 

Oct.    96, 

1880. 

Xtf.   15, 

1865. 

Jan.   81, 

1868. 

Aug.    7, 

1860. 

•Maj  9, 

1866. 

Oct    96, 

1863. 

Feb.  18, 

1860. 

Sept  80, 

1868. 

June    4, 

1800. 

Jan.   90, 

1866. 

F^.    9, 

1864. 

Oct    99, 

1867. 

March  8, 

186T. 

Sept  98, 

1867. 

Not.  80, 

1868. 

July    T, 

1859. 

Dec   18, 

1866, 

July    T, 

1860. 

June    1, 

1860. 

Sept  14, 

1867. 

Maj   95, 

1800. 

June  99, 

1867. 

Nov.  91, 

1865. 

Mar.  98, 

1865. 

Julj     6, 

1865. 

Feb.  90, 

1865. 

May   80, 

1800. 

Jane  90, 

1860. 

June  18, 

1860. 

NAME  OF  COMPANY. 


ILLINOIS— COHTIH  VMD. 

Commercial  Inanrance  Company 

Lamar  Inrarance  Company. 

Merchanta' Insorance  Company 

Repnblic  Insorance  Company 

State  Inaorance  Company 

Winneaheik  Inanrance  Company 

MASSACHUSETTS. 

Hide  and  Leather  Inanrance  Co 

Independent  Inanrance  Company 

National  Insurance  Company 

Springftdd  Fire  and  Marine  Inanrance  Co.. 
MICmOAN. 

Detroit  Fire  and  Marine  Inanrance  Co 

Michigan  State  Insurance  Company 

State  Inanrance  Company 

NEW  YORK. 

.£tna  Insurance  Company 

Agricultural  Insurance  Company 

Albany  City  Insurance  Company 

American  Exchange  Insurance  Company. . . 

Aator  Insurance  Company 

Atlantic  Insurance  Company 

Beekman  Insurance  Company 

BufBUo  City  Insurance  Company 

Buflklo  Fire  and  Marine  Insurance  Co 

Buflklo  German  Insurance  Company 

Capital  City  Insurance  Company 

Citicens*  Insurance  Company 

Commerce  Insurance  Company 

Commerce  Inanrance  Company 

Commonwealth  Insurance  Company 

Continental  Insurance  Company 

Com  Exchange  Insurance  Company 


LOCATIOK. 


Chicago. 


*( 


ki 


Freeport 
Boston. 

44 
44 

Springftdd. 

Detroit. 
Adrian. 
Lanaing. 

New  Yoric  City. 

Watertown. 

Albany. 

New  York  City. 


44 


Brooklyn. 
New  York  City. 
Buffldo. 


4. 


Albany. 

New  York  City. 

Albany. 

New  York  City. 


4. 


^  Withdrawn  from  the  State. 


FIRST  AKKUAL  BEPOBT  OK  IKSUBAKCE. 


39 


COJIIPANIBS— CoNnxuxo. 


Datbov 

ADMISnOM    IN 
MiOHIGAX. 

Feb.  28« 

1887. 

Feb.     1, 

1868. 

Jnne  14, 

1860. 

Maj    14, 

1881. 

Feb.   21, 

1S87. 

Ang.  10« 

1884. 

Jane    9, 

1860. 

May   85, 

1860. 

Feb.   90, 

1865. 

lUy    25, 

1860. 

lUy    95, 

1860. 

lUy    80, 

1880. 

May   95, 

1860. 

ApiU    8, 

1881. 

Hay   81, 

1860. 

Sept.  95, 

1880. 

June    4, 

1860. 

Jnne  22, 

1880. 

April  27. 

1887. 

Jnne    4, 

1860. 

Aug.  27, 

1884. 

Aug.    6, 

1884. 

Not.  17, 

1888. 

Jane    4, 

1860. 

April  18, 

1888. 

Not.  11, 

1887. 

June  18, 

1860. 

Feb.   29, 

1888. 

July    8, 

1882. 

Ang.  21, 

1888. 

M«y   10, 

1885. 

Mar.   18. 

1885. 

NAMB  OF  COMPANT. 


NBW  YOBK— CoHTnruED. 

Excelsior  Inanrance  Company 

Firemens*  Insurance  Company 

Fulton  Insurance  Company 

Germanla  Insurance  Company 

Glenn^B  Falls  Insurance  Company 

Hanover  Insurance  Company 

Home  Insurance  Company 

Howard  Insurance  Company 

International  Insurance  Company 

Irving  Insurance  Company 

Lamar  Insurance  Company 

Lorillard  Insurance  Company 

Manhattan  Insurance  Company 

Market  Insurance  Company^ 

Mercantile  Insurance  Company 

J|letropolitan  Insurance  Company 

Niagara  Insurance  Company 

North  American  Insurance  Company 

New  York  Central  Insurance  Company.. 

Phenix  Insurance  Company 

Belief  Insurance  Company 

Bepublic  Insurance  Company 

Schenectady  Insurance  Company 

Security  Insurance  Company 

Standard  Insurance  Company 

Tradesman  Insurance  Company. 

Washington  Insurance  Company 

Watertown  Insurance  Company 

Western  Insurance  Company 

Yonkers  and  New  York  Insurance  Co.... . 

OHIO. 

Cleveland  Insurance  Company 

Commercial  Mutual  Insurance  Company. 


LOOATIOV. 


New  York  City. 


44 


44 


44 


44 


Glenn's  Falls. 
New  York  City. 


44 


44 


4k 


44 


4. 


44 


Union  Springs. 
Brooklyn. 
New  York  City. 


44 


44 


Schenectady. 
New  York  City. 


44 


44 


Watertown. 

Buflklo. 

New  York  City. 

Cleveland. 

44 


40 


FIRST  ANNUAL  REPORT  OK  INSURANCE. 


COMPANIES— CoHTiKUXD. 


Datbof 

ADKUnOH    IN 
MiOHIOAH. 


Not.  2«,  18». 
Sept  12,  18». 

Aug.  8,  I860. 

Aug.  1,  18W. 

Jane  15,  1870. 

Feb.  »,  1870. 

Aug.  15,  1861. 

Joly  7,  1809. 

Joly  7,  1800. 
AprO    8,  1861. 

Joly  8,  1865. 

Feb.  18,  1865. 

June  16,  1809. 

Joly  16,  1809. 


NAME  OF  COMPANY. 


OHIO— ConTiw  uii>. 

Home  Inrarance  CompaDj 

State  Insurance  Company 

Son  Infinrance  Company^ 

Teatonia  Insnrance  Company 

PENN8YXVANIA. 

FiankUn  Fire  Inaurance  Company. 

Girard  Fire  and  Marine  Insurance  Company 
Inaorance  Company  of  North  America 

RHODE  ISLAND. 

American  Inenrance  Company 

Atlantic  Fire  and  Marine  Insurance  Co 

Hope  Insurance  Company 

Merchants^  Insurance  Company 

Narragansett  Fire  and  Marine  Ins.  Co 

ProTidence  Washington  Insurance  Co 

Roger  Williams  Insurance  Company 


LOGAnOH. 


Columbus. 
Clerdand. 


4i 


kk 


Philadelphia. 


Providence. 


FIRE  INSURANCE  COMPANIES 

OP 

OTHER     STATES. 


IMPAIRMENTS  OF  CAPITAL. 


ThefoUowing  Table  exhibiU  the  amount  and  per  eentage  of  Impairment  of 
CapUal  of  Companies  on  the  Slit  day  of  December,  1869,  doing  bunnee$ 
in  this  State  at  that  date,  as  shown  by  their  Annual  Btaiemenis  to  this 
Department. 


NAME  OF  COBfPANY. 


Aaron. 

Commercial 

Home 

Home 

Liunar...... 

KetropoUUn 

Patnam 

Boger  WUllama. 

ficbeneotady 

SUte 

Btatc 

Teatonia 


Location. 


Covington,  Ky. 

Chicago 

Colnmbos 

New  Haren 

Chicago 

New  York 

Hartford 

ProTldencc. 

Schenectady ... 

Chicago 

Cleveland 

Cleveland 


Capital 
Stock. 


$129,790 
166,000 
474,006 

1,000,000 
165,800 
800,000 
600,000 
800,000 
100,000 
228,240 
200,000 
200,000 


Amount  of 
Impainnent. 


$9,476  62 

1,911  62 

666  68 

68,516  16 

8,016  25 

781  86 

22,883  54 

8,148  28 

2,825  n 

11,924  15 

21,814  81 

14,865  21 


Percentage 

of 
Impairment 


.07.8 

.01.15 

.01.19 

.06.86 

.04.88 

.02.6 

.04.57 

.04.07 

.02.82 

.05.22 

.10.67 

.07.16 


The  above  named  Ck>mpanies,  excepting  the  Aurora  of  Covington,  are 
now  doing  business  in  this  State.  Supplementary  statements  were  filed 
by  the  Home  of  New  Haven,  the  State  of  Chicago,  the  State  and  Teuto- 
nia  of  Cleveland,  reducing  the  impairment  of  capital  to  less  than  five 
percent. 


44 


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REG-ISTER 

OP 

LIFE    INSURANCE    COMPANIES, 

AUTHORIZED 

To  Transact  Business  in  tlie  State  of  Miohigan  durine 

tlie  Year  1870. 


LIFE    INSURANCE    COMPANIES. 


Tht  following  (vre  the  only  Lift  Insurance  (JompanieSy  which  up  to  thi»  date 

(July  Ist^  1870)  have  been  authorked  to  transact  Ufe  Insurance 

business  in  this  State  during  the  year  1870. 


Date  op 
adki08ion  in 

MiCHIOAM. 

NAME  OF  COMPANY. 

LOCATIOH. 

CONNECTICUT. 

June  14, 

1889. 

Hartford. 

March  8, 

1866. 

Charter  Oak  Life  Insorance  Company 

April  18, 

18M. 

Connecticat  General  Life  Insurance  Co.... 

Jane  iS, 

1869. 

Connecticut  Mutual  Life  Insurance  Co 

Nov.  20, 

1866. 

Continental  Life  Insurance  Company 

Feb.   27, 

1867. 

Hartlbrd  Life  and  Annuity  Insurance  Co.... 

July    », 

1862. 

Phcenix  Mutual  Life  Insurance  Company... 

Aug.  24, 
June  12, 

1864. 

Travelers^  Insurance  Company.. --..-. 

1866. 

Baflway  Passengers*  Insurance  Company . . 

DISTRICT  OF  COLUMBLA. 

Sept.  12, 

1868. 

National  Life  Insurance  Co.  of  U.  8.  A 

ILLINOIS. 

Washington. 

Nov.  2«, 

1860. 

International  Life  Insurance  Company 

Chicago. 

Mty     8, 
Jane  28, 

1867. 

Mutual  Life  Insurance  Comnany........... 

n 

1870. 

National  Life  Insurance  Company 

ii 

Oct    27, 

1869. 

Teutonia  Life  Insurance  Company 

«. 

MAINE. 

Jaly  18, 

1809. 

Union  Mutual  Life  Insurance  Company 

MASSACHUSETTS. 

Augusta. 

Sept.  29, 
Jaly     7, 

1866. 

Berkshire  Life  Insurance  Company.. ....... 

Pittsfleld. 

1869. 

John  Hancock's  Mutual  Life  Insurance  Co. 

Boston. 

Feb.   18, 

1867. 

Massachusetts  Mutual  Life  Insurance  Co... 

Springfield. 

78 


FIBST  ANKUAL  REPORT  ON  INSURANCE. 


LIFE  INSURANCE  COMPANIES— CoHmnrxD. 


Dati  of 
Admusioh   ih 

BflCHIGAH. 

NAME  OF  COMPANY. 

LOCATIOX. 

MA88ACHU8ETT8-CoNTnnj«D. 

May    81,  1859. 

New  Eng^d  Mntoal  Life  Insorance  Co — 

Boston. 

Mar.   28,  1870. 

State  Mntoal  Life  Assarance  Company — 
MICHIGAN. 

Worcester. 

Jnly    10,  1867. 

Michigan  Mntoal  Life  Inenrance  Company. 
MISSOURI. 

Detroit 

Feb.    10,  1870. 

Life  Association  of  America............ 

St  Loois. 

Jane  80,  1869. 

St  Loaia  Mataal  Life  Insorance  Company. 
NEW  JERSEY. 

^^r  ^F^      ^m&r^^  ^^B  ^  ^^  w 

June    4.  1866. 

Anchor  Life  Insorance  Comnany 

Jersey  City. 

it                           44 

Feb.    22,  1870. 

International  Life  Insorance  and  Trost  Co. 

July    15,  1850. 

Motoal  Benefit  Life  Insorance  Company... 

Newark. 

March  2,  1868. 

New  Jersey  Motoal  Life  Insorance  Co 

NEW  YORK. 

ti 

May     5,  1868. 

American  Popolar  Life  Insorance  Company 

New  York  City. 

April    6,  1860. 

Amicable  Motoal  Life  Insorance  Company. 

44                           44 

May   81,  1860. 

Aflbory  Life  Insorance  Company 

4*                           .4 

Jane    1,  1866. 

Atlantic  Motoal  Life  Insorance  Comply. . 

Albany. 

Oct    19,  1864. 

Brooklyn  Life  Insorance  Company 

Brooklyn. 

June  22,  1869. 

Commonwealth  TJfe  Insorance  Company... 

New  York  City. 

May    80,  1867. 

Continental  Life  Insorance  Company 

**                               44 

Feb.    24,  1869. 

Craftsmen^s  Life  Assorance  Company 

44                          4. 

Anff.  17,  1868. 

Eclectic  Life  Insorance  Company 

44                         44 

Jane  23,  1860. 

Empire  Motoal  Life  Insorance  Company... 

44                           44 

Mar.  11,  1861. 

Eqoitable  Life  Assarance  Society  of  U.  S.. 

44                             44 

Jane  24,  1869. 

Excelsior  Life  Insorance  Comoany . . 

4t                           44 

Dec.     6,  1869. 

Fanners*  and  Mechanics'  Life  Insorance  Co. 

44                             44 

July  14,  1862. 

Oermania  Life  Insorance  Company 

44                             44 

Dec.    12,  1865. 

Globe  Motoal  life  Insorance  Company 

44                             4k 

May   19,  1S66. 

Great  Western  Mntoal  Life  Insorance  Co... 

»4                             44 

March  2,  1868. 

Goardian  Motoal  Life  Insorance  Company. . 

(4                             44 

Jane  25,  1870. 

Hercoles  Mot.  Life  Assor.  Society  of  U.  8. 

4*                                 44 

April  29,  1861. 

Home  Life  Insorance  Company 

Brooklyn. 

Mar.   15,  1870. 

Hope  Motoal  Life  Ineoranco  Company 

New  York  City. 

FIRST  ANNUAL  REPORT  ON  INSURANCE. 


7^ 


LIFE  INSURANCE  COMPANIES— CoWTln  VMD. 


DATKOr 

ADKisnoN  nr 

MlCHIOAX. 

NAME  OF  COMPANY. 

LOOATIOH. 

NEW  YORK-CowTiKUED. 

May   11, 

1861. 

Knickerbocker  Life  Insorance  Company... 

New  York  City. 

Mar.  28, 

1861. 

Manhattan  Life  Ininrance  Company 

*i            '»i 

July   14, 

18S0. 

Mutual  Life  Insorance  Company 

»k                                 %i 

Not.  28, 

1866. 

National  Life  Insurance  Company. 

kk                                »l 

July  16, 

1850. 

New  York  Life  Insurance  Company 

»k                       i( 

Mar.  14, 

1868. 

North  America  Life  Insurance  Company.. 

%b                                tk 

April  14, 

1862. 

Security  Life  Insurance  and  Annuity  Co... 

(»                                 .« 

Feb.     1, 

1868. 

»i                               4i 

Mmith  4, 

1860. 

tTpirflrBftl  TJfe  Tnsm«ncft  CpmpAny. . . ,  ^  ^ ,  ^ 

ti                                   ik 

Oct     2, 

1866. 

Washington  Life  Insurance  Company 

ik                                 kt 

Joly  22, 

1860. 

Western  New  York  Life  Insurance  Company 

Batavia. 

Feb.     1, 

186T. 

World  Mutual  Life  Insurance  Company 

omo. 

New  York  City. 

Jane    1, 

1868. 

Cincinnati  Mutual  Life  Insurance  Company 

Cincinnati. 

April  20, 

1866. 

Hahnemann  Life  Insurance  Company 

Cleveland. 

Sept  18, 

186T. 

Home  Mutual  Life  Insurance  Company 

Cincinnati. 

April  25, 

1870. 

Union  Central  Life  Insurance  Company 

PENNSYLVANIA. 

Ik 

July  80, 

1860. 

United  Security  Life  and  Trust  Ins.  Co 

RHODE  ISLAND. 

Philadelphia. 

Nov.  17, 

1868. 

Economical  Mutual  Life  Insurance  Co 

WISCONSIN. 

Providence. 

Jane  24, 

1864. 

Northwestern  Mutual  Life  Insurance  Co... 

Milwaukee. 

LIFE  INSURANCE  COMPANIES 


OF 


OTHER     STATES. 


11 


82 


FIBST  ANNUAL  BEPORT  ON  INSURANCE. 


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SUMMARY  OF   CONTENTS. 


Page. 

General  remarks  on  Insurance  in  Michigan S-8 

Stock  Fire  Insurance  Companies  of  this  State  : 

Michigan  State 8,18-15,88 

Detroit  Fire  and  Marine 8, 16-18,  88 

State 8,  ld-28,  38 

^tna  Live  Stock  Pire  and  Tornado 8-9 

Companies  Chartered  by  the  Legislative  Council  of  the 
Territory,  and  Legislature  of  Michigan,  not  now  doing 

business 9 

Mutual  Fire  Companies  : 

list  of,  organized  under  act  of  1859,  not  now  doing  business. .        10 

abstract  of  reports  of,  now  doing  business 10 

Mutual  Life  Insurance  Companies  : 

Michigan  Mutual 81-8 

Register  op  Stock  Fire  Insurance  Companies  authorized 

to  do  business  in  michigan  during  the  year  1870 87-40 

Fire  Insurance  Companies  of  other  States  : 

Impairments  of  capital  of. 48 

Attorneys  of.  Premium  Receipts  and  Losses  paid  by,  in  this 

State 44r-9 

Summary  analysis  of  assets  of. 60-5 

"  liabiUties  of. 56-61 

income  of. 6^7 

**  **  expenditures  of 68-78 

Register  OF  Life  Insurance  Companies  authorized  to  do 

business  IN  Michigan  DURING  THE  YEAR  1870 77-9 

Life  Insurance  Companies  of  other  States  : 

Attorneys  of,  Assets  of  and  Premiums  received  by,  in  this 

State 82-5 

Summary  analysis  of  the  assets  of. 86-9 

**        "       liabilities  of 90-8 

"        "      income  of. 94-7 

•*      expenditures  of- .98-101 


ANNUAL   REPORT 

at-   TllK 

Board  of  State  Auditors 

STATE    OF    MICHIGAN, 

VOR    THK    YEAR    leTO. 


BY     AUTHORITY. 


LANSING: 
.  8.  GEORGE  &  CO.,  PRINTERS  TO  THE  STATE. 

i»:o. 


REPORT. 


Office  of  the  Boakd  of  State  Auditobs, 
Lansing y  December  1^  A.  D.  1870, 


BS,  I 

•     I 


7b  the  Eimorable  the  Legislature  of  the  State  of  Michigan  : 

In  obedience  to  the  requirements  of  law,  the  undersigned 
flobmit,  respectfully,  the  following  report,  showing  the  proceed- 
ings of  the  Board  of  State  Auditors  for  the  fiscal  year  ending 
the  30th  day  of  November,  A.  D.  1870. 

0.  L.  SPAULDING, 

Secretary  of  State. 
E.  0.  GEOSVENOB, 

State  treasurer. 
B.  D  PEITCHARD, 

Com.  of  the  Land  Office. 


ANNUAL  SETTLEMENT  WITH   THE  STATE  TREASURER, 

The  Board  of  State  Auditors,  for  the  purpose  of  making  an 
annual  settlement  with  the  State  Treasurer,  met  at  the  office 
of  the  Secretary  of  State,  on  the  7th  day  of  December,  A.  D. 
1869. 

Present :  Hon.  0.  L.  Spaulding,  Secretary  of  State,  Hon. 
Wm.  Humphrey,  Auditor  General,  and  Hon.  B.  D.  Pritchard, 
Commissioner  of  the  State  Land  Office. 

The  Hon.  R  0.  Grosvenor,  State  Treasurer,  having  exhibited 
his  account  current  with  the  State  of  Michigan,  and  the  same 
having  been  compared  by  the  Board  with  the  books  of  the 
Auditor  General,  we  find  that  during  the  fiscal  year  ending  the 


4  ANKUAL    BEPOKT    OF  THE 

30th  day  of  November,  1869,  the  State  Treasurer  has  received 
into  the  treasury  (including  the  sum  of  one  million  one  hun- 
dred and  thirty  thousand  two  hundred  and  twenty-nine  dollars 
and  sixty-seven  cents, — $1,130,229  67, — being  tlie  balance  on 
hand  November  30th,  1868)  the  sum  of  three  million  two 
hundred  and  forty-six  thousand  eight  hundred  and  thirteen 
dollars  and  seventy-four  cents  ($3,246,813  74)..  $3,246,813  74 
And  that  he  has  disbursed  the  sum  of  two  million 
four  hundred  and  twelve  thousand  seven  hun- 
dred and  twenty-four  dollars  and  two  cents 

($2,412,724  02) $2,412,724  02 

Showing  a  balance  in  the  treasury  of  eight  hundred  and 
thirty-four  thousand  and  eighty-nine  and  72-lOOths  dollars 
($834,089  72),  for  which  balance  he  exhibited  duly  accredit^ 

vouchers  and  certificates. 

0.  L.  SPAULDING, 

Secretary  of  State, 

WM.  HUMPHREY, 

Auditor  General. 

B.  D.  PRITCHARD, 

Com,  of  State  Land  Office. 

In  the  matter  of  the  Muskegon  River  Improvement 

January  27,  1870, 
Whereas,   On  the  16th  day   of  March,  1865,  this  Board 
awarded  to  F.  B.  Gilbert,  trustee,  and  to  the  commissioner 
and  engineer,  for  principal  and  interest  to  that  date,  the  sum 
of  $11,726  10 ; 

And  whereas,  Messrs.  C.  Davis,  A.  B.  Watson,  and  J.  1).  Mer- 
rill, commissioners,  and  John  Almy,  engineer,  have  filed  their 
accounts,  duly  certified,  with  this  Board,  viz : 

The  account  of  C.  Davis - $399  21 

"  A.B.  Watson 435  00 

J.  D.MerrUl 340  00 

John  Almy 384  00 


BOARD  OF  STATE  AUDITORS.  6 

And  it  further  appearing  that  the  amounts  of  such  accounts 
are  satisfactory  to  the  other  parties  interested  in  said  award ; 
therefore, 

Resolvedy  That  there  be  apportioned  of  said  sum  so  awarded 
on  the  said  IGth  day  of  March,  1865,  for  principal  and  interest 
to  that  date,  to  C.  Davis,  the  sum  of  $523  58 ;  to  J.D.  Merrill, 
the  sum  of  1445  65 ;  to  A.  B.  Watson,  the  sum  of  $568  00 ;  and 
to  John  Almv,  the  sum  of  $503  84. 

In  the  matter  of  the  claim  of  A.  B.  Watson,  and  others,  on 
account  of  the  Muskegon  Biver  Improvement. 

October  26,  1870. 

It  appearing  to  the  Board  that  A.  B.  Watson  had  received 
from  F.  B.  Gilbert,  trustee,  an  order  for  seven  hundred  and 
forty-eight  and  46-lOOths  dollars,  to  be  paid  in  swamp  land ; 
that  the  estate  of  A.  D.  Bathbone  had  received  a  like  order  for 
five  hundred  dollars;  and  that  Noyes  L.  Avery  had  received  a 
like  order  for  two  thousand  seven  hundred  and  sixty-two  dol- 
lars, which  said  sums  were  included  in  the  amount  of  six 
thousand  four  himdred  and  ten  and  46-lOOths  dollars,  found 
by  the  Board  of  Auditors,  December  15,  1864,  to  have  been 
paid  to  said  Gilbert ; 

And  it  further  appearing  that  said  Watson,  and  the  said 
estate  of  the  said  A.  D.  Bathbone,  have  received  no  lands  on 
the  said  orders,  and  that  they  remain  unpaid,  and  that  there  is 
unpaid  upon  the  order  of  said  Avery  the  sum  of  one  thousand 
one  hundred  and  twenty-six  and  20-lOOths  dollars;  and  it 
further  appearing  that  said  orders  had  been  surrendered  to  the 
State, 

It  was  awarded  and  adjudged  by  the  Board  that  there  was 
due  as  of  the  said  15th  day  of  December,  1864,  to  the  said 

A.B.Watson $  748  46 

To  the  estate  of  the  said  A.  D.  Bathbone 500  00 

To  the  said  Noyes  L.  Avery 1,126  20 


6  ANKUAL  RBPOBT  OP  THK 

In  the  matter  of  settlement  with  the  Supreme  Court  reporien. 

Xovember  SO,  1870. 
-  Whereoij   By  act  133,  laws  of  1869,  it  was  referred  to  tiuB 
Board  to  settle  with  the  several  reporters  of  the  Supreme  Court 
in  respect  to  the  200  copies  of  the  Reports  required  to  be 
deposited  with  the  Secretary  of  State ;  it  ia 

Resolved.  That  the  Auditor  Qenend  is  hereby  authorized  to 
credit  the  respective  reporters  with  one-fifth  of  the  cost  price 
of  the  first  edition  of  one  thousand  copies  of  each  Report 


ADJUSTMENT    OF   ACCOUNT?*. 

The  following  is  a  statement  of  accounts  current  allowed 
by  the  Board,  to  each  department  of  the  Stat^,  for  the  year 
ending  December  1st,  1870,  to  wit : 

Executive  Department 

vs. 
The  State  of  Michigan, 

December  7ih.  1869. 
Michigan  Journal, 
To  pub.  Governor's  proclamation  for  Thanksgiving,       #14  00 


January  6thy  1870. 
American  M.  U.  Express  Co., 

To  telegrams  from  Oct  6th,  to  Dec.  31.st,  1869. .  1  40 

Advertiser  and  Tribune  Co., 
To  advertising  Governor's  fast-day  proclamation,  14  70 

proclamation 4  90 


i(  a 


Amount  carried  forward $35  00 


BOABD  OF  STATE   ACDITOBS.  7 

Executive  Department 

vs. 
The  State  of  Michigan. 

Amoant  brought  forward $35  00 

Detroit  Free  Press, 

To  pub.  Thanksgiving  proclamation  7  f.  4  w 12  25 

Richmond  &  Backus, 

To  1  letter  press 15  00 

Whitney  Jones, 

To  postoflBee  drawer 1  00 


April  6 thy  1870. 
Whitney  Jones, 

To  postoffice  drawer 1  00 


April  27th,  1870. 
Detroit  PostoflSce, 

To  postage  stamps 25  00 


May  25th,  1870. 
W-  U.  Telegraph  Co., 

To  telegram  forwarded  to  Detroit 5  77 


July  6th,  1870. 
Michigan  Journal, 

To  pub.  GoY.^8  proclamation  4  times,  5  squares. . .  6  00 

W.  S.  George  &  Co., 

To  paper  for  blanks  for  Governor 6  00 

printing  1  ream  blanks  for  Governor 3  40 

Amount  carried  forward $110  42 


8  AXNCAL   REPORT  OF  THE 

Ktecivtive  Deparhnent 

The  State  of  Michigan. 

Amount  brought  forward _ ^110  42 

W.  S.  George  &  Co., 

To  printing  1  ream  blanks  for  Governor 5  40 

2     "    Governor's  proclamation 6  80 

paper  for  same 0  50 

pub.  Gov/s  proc.,  calling  extra  session,  7f.  7  w  10  60 
Whitney  Jones, 

To  drawer  (P.  0.) 1  00 

Detroit  Free  Press, 

To  adv.  Governor's  proclamation  7  f.  10  w.,  8  in.  "22  05 


September  8th,  1870, 
Daily  Post  Co., 

To  advertising  proclamation,  7  f.  8  in '22  05 

Whitney  Jones, 

To  2  sheets  2c  stamps 4  00 

1  sheet  3c  stamps 3  00 

W.  A.  Throop  &  Co., 
To  6  reams  lithographed  letter  heads  (12  lb.). . .  66  00 

6     *•  "  note  heads  (7  lb.) 51  00 


October  m,  1870. 
Whitney  Jones, 
ToP.O.drawer 1  00 


November  30th,  1870. 
H.  P.  Baldwin,  Governor, 
To  paid  for  telegrams 15  98 

Amount  carried  forward $337  80 


BOARD  OF  STATE   AUDITORS.  0 

ExecvMve  Department 

vs. 
The  State  of  Michigan. 

Amount  brought  for^^ird $337  80 

W.  S.  George  &  Co., 

To  press,  and  trim.  4  reams  " Thanksgiving'*. . .  1  80 

adv.  Thanksgiving  proc.,  5  squares,  5  w 11  00 

printing  4  reams  same 13  60 

Davis  &  Larned, 

To  1  lamp  and  shade  for  Governors  room 3  25 

Detroit  Postoffice, 

To  600  2c  postage  stamps 12  00 

50    Ic       "             "      50 

433^30     "             «      13  00 

6002e       ''             "      12  00 

Total 1404  95 


ki 


•  • 


Secretary  of  State 

vs. 

The  State  of  Michigan, 

January  6th,  1870. 
W.  S.  George  &.  Co., 

To  print.  3  reams  blanks,  form  No.  1,  1869 11  00 

"      1  ream        "          '*     No.  2, 1869 6  50 

*'     large  enyelopes  for  Insurance  Co. 1  50 

*'     circulars,  Na  2 5  50 

small  envelopes  for  Insurance  Co. 1  50 

T  reams  patents 24  50 

"      2      "     blanks,  No.  1,  An'l  State't  Life  11  Oa 

"     2      "     cert  of  val.  of  policies,  etc 7  00 

*'      1  ream  blanks,  No.  2,  App.  State  Life  Ins.  5  50- 

"      1     **     dates  on  circulars 3  50 

*•      1     "     filing  on  cei't.  of  valuation 3  50 

"      1     *'     blank  marriage  returns 3  50 

*•      1     "     Nos.  for  labels 150 

''      1     "     circulars,  No,  2 5  50 

1     "     form  No.  2,  Life  Insurance 5  50 

1     *'      form  No.  2,  Fire  Insurance 5  50 

'*      envelopes , 1  50 

*'      4  reams  blanks,  viz :   Certified  copy  of 

renewals,  and  certificate  of  authority. .  22  00 

print.  1  ream  blank,  copy  form  2 5  50 

"      1    "         "       original  form  2 5  50 

"      1  cert.  No.  1  Fii^e  Insurance  Co 5  50 

"    2  reams  blanks,  cert  copy  No.  2 JlOO 

press,  and  trim.  7  rms.  patents 3  50 

2  "  An'lStatem'tFireln.Co.  1  00 

ruling  2  reams  same  9  times 9  00 

Amount  carried  forward $166  00 


•  k 


kt 


1*2  AXKUAL   REPORT  OF  THE 

Secretary  of  State 

vs. 

The  Sta/te  of  Michigan, 

Amount  brought  forward $166  00 

W.  S.  George  &  Co., 

pre88.andtrim.2rm8.App.Statem'tFireIn.Co.  1  00 

ruling  2  reaniB  same  9  times 000 

press,  and  trim.  1  ream  circulars  Fire  Ins.  Co.  50 
press,  and  trim.  2  rms.  schedule  "A"  and  "  B/' 

Fire  Insurance  Company 100 

ruling  1  ream  schedule  "  A"  11  times 5  50 

«      1     "            "        "B"4      "     2  00 

press,  and  trim.  1  ream  valuation  of  policies. .  50 

ruling  1  ream  synopsis  of  marriage^  twice 1  00 

press,  and  trim.  2  reams  paper 1  00 

ruling  2  rms.  Life  Ins.  blanks  6  times 6  00 

:)>amuel  H.  Eow, 

To  paid  expenses  to  Ann  Arbor  and  Detroit  on 
business  connected  with  insurance  and  report 

of  the  Secretary  of  State  on  deaths 14  15 

To  paid  for  1  Dunglison's  Medical  Dictionary. 

preparing  report  on  death 5  80 

*:.  B.  Millar  &  Co., 

Tol  gallon  oil 45 

1  broom 55 

1  gallon  oil 45 

1  brush 38 

1  gallon  oil 50 

1  chimney 10 

1  dozen  wicks !^0 

1  broom 50 

Davis  and  Larned, 

To  1  lamp  trimmer '.  _ . .  75 

Amount  carried  forward $217  33 


L^ 


BOARD  OF  STATE  AUDITORS,  10 

Secretary  of  State 

The  State  of  Michigan. 

Amount  brought  forward 121?  X> 

American  M.  U.  Express  Co., 

To  express  charges  from  Oct.  6  to  Dec.  29, 1869  I  50 

telegrams 3  ."il 

J.  Stannard  Baker, 

To  1  bottle  mucUage 1  00 

Detroit  Free  Press, 

To  advertising  proposals,  10  folios,  0  w 'i-k  oi) 

Advertiser  and  Tribune  Co., 

To  pub.  petitions  Sec.  of  State,  People's  Ins.  ('o.  7  :i5 
Whitney  Jones,  P.  M ., 

To  letter  postage 2  5(j 

paper _.  1  Or> 

drawer 1  0<> 

State  Treasurer, 

To  postage  for  oflSoe  of  Secretary  of  State 25  00 

postage  for  office  of  Secretary  of  State 30  00 

George  L.  Pease, 
To  2  reams  yellow  cover,  3  reams  pink  cover,  and 

5  reams  tea  cover 80  00 

4  doz.  rubber  holders,  CD  $3  GO 1  80 

1  doz.  balls  twine,  fj  2s. 3  00 

1  11-12  doz.  balls  twine,  0  2s o  7r> 

400  reams  S.  S.  and  C.  Book,  a  $9  88 3,952  OO 


January  27th,  1870. 
T.  B.  Thrift, 

To  1  pair  bank  shears 'i  25 

W.  S.  George  &  Co., 

To  print.  1  ream  circulars  for  Fire  Ins.  Co ")  40 


Amount  carried  forward $4,370  90» 


• 


U  ANKUAL  SEPOBT  OP  THE 

Secretary  of  State 

vs. 

The  State  of  Michigan. 

Amount  brought  forward. .  * $4^70  90 

W.  S.  Greorge  &  Co., 

To  print.  1  ream  circulars  for  Life  Ins.  Co 5  40 

"      1     "     list  of  counties 3  40 

«     4    "     blanks  A,  B,  C,  and  D 13  60 

2  reams  medium  paper  for  blanks  B,  C,  and  D  20  00 

print.  4  rms.  blanks,  No.  1,  circulars  to  Marine 

and  Fire  Ins.  Agents 13  60 

print  1  rm.  blanks,  No.  1,  Life  Ins.  Co 5  40 

"     2  rms.  blanks.  No.  1,  Life  Insurance 

Co.,  cert,  copy 10  80 

press,  and  trim.  14  reams  Life  and  Fire  Ins. 

blanks,  45c 6  30 

press,  and  trim.  4  rms.  return  of  deaths 1  80 

ruling  4  reams.  A,  B,  C,  and  D,  3  times 5  40 

pasting  14  contracts  on  pasteboard 1  50 

WntL  A.  Throop  ft  Co., 

To  8  reams  20  lb.  folio 36  M 


February  23, 1870. 
S.  R.  Greene, 

To  work,  lumber,  and  trimmings  for  case 18  00 

1  box 85 

1  box 85 

1  box  85c ;  1  snow  shovel,  35c 1  20 

1  box 85 

1  gate  hinge,  and  fix.  and  bang,  gate 50 

W.  S.  Gtoorge  ft  Co., 

To  press,  and  trim.  2  reams  Life  Ins.  blanks W 

^      'i        «    1  ream  Ins.  circulars 45 

Amount  carried  forward $4,516  98 


BOARD  OF  STATE  ATJDIT0E8.  15 

Secretary  of  Stdte 

V8. 

The  State  of  Michigan. 

Amount  brought  forward. . .- 4,516  98 

W.  S.  George  &  Co., 
To  binding  30  qrs,  manuscript  Session  Laws  of 

1869}  Russia  ends  and  bands,  tl  75 52  50 

press,  and  trim.  1  ream  Fire  Ins.  blanks . 45 

bind.  60  Vols.  Session  Laws,  Vols.  2  and  3,  full 

leather 60  00 

bind.  1  Vol.  Laws,  Local  Act«  (2  in  1) 2  00 

press,  and  trim.  4  reams  blanks,  2  copy 1  80 

print  1  ream  circulars 3  40 

"     9  rms.  blanks,  return  of  deaths 48  60 

"     1  ream      "      No.  1,  insurance,  1870..  3  40 

'*    10  reams     "      return  of  births 54  00 

"     4     **         **      No.2oopy 21  60 

State  Treasurer, 

To  postage  for  oflBce  of  Secretary  of  State 50  00 

Wm.  A.  Throop  &  Ca, 

To  1  gross  rubber  bands 2  00 

1  "         "          "      1  76 

2  **          *          ''     2  40 

1  great  gross  rubber  bands 2  40 

2  reams  crown 10  38 

2      "      folio 12  34 

1  ream  P.  0.  paper 6  15 

1     "        "        " 7  92 

A.  R.  Thayer, 

Tol  brush 30 

J  lb.  Prussian  blue 35 

1  box 10 

4  gallons  carbon  oil 1  80 

2  bunches  wicks 50 

lib.  gum  arable 1  25 

Amount  carried  forward $4,864  37 


16  ANNUAL  REPORT  OF  THK 

Secretary  of  State 

Tlie  State  of  Michigan. 

April  6th,  1810, 

Amount  brought  forward $i,864  37 

W.  S.  George  &  Co., 

To  print.  1  ream  circulars 

1     ''     blanks 

C  reams  circulars 

1  ream  circulars  to  county  clerks 

3,000  envelopes 

4,000         "       

1  ream  blank  certificates _ 

3  rms.  blank  list  of  Foreign  Ins.  Go's 

slips  to  paste  in  report 

press,  and  trim.  9  rms.  return  of  deaths 

I'uling  9  rms.  return  of  deaths,  3  times 

press,  and  trim.  10  rms.  return  of  births 

ruling  10  reams  return  of  births,  3  times. . . . 

press,  and  trim.  1  ream  circulars,  U.  S.  roads - 
"  *'      C  rms.  circulars  to  superv  isors 

"  "      1  rm.        *'        to  CO.  clerks. - 

*'  *'      1   **      certificates 

Wm.  A  Throop  &  Co., 

To  3  M  envelopes,  0)  *5  98 

iM         "         »  $5  97 

iM         **         0)  $2  55 

iM  "         fD$4  05 

5  reams  flat  letter,  0)  13  00 

Pease  &  Smith, 

To  500  gilt  seals,  *1  50.- 7  .'Vo 

S.  R,  Greene, 
To  1  box,  80c SO 


*> 

40 

3 

4(» 

iiO 

40 

•> 

40 

4 

50 

r, 

00 

3 

40 

10 

20 

40 

4 

O.i 

12 

15 

4 

50 

13 

50 

45 

4 

70 

45 

45 

17  94 

2 

98 

1 

28 

02 

15 

00 

Amount  curried  forward $5,008  24 


BOARD   OV  STATE  AUDITORS.  17 

Secretary  of  State 

vs. 

The  State  of  Michigan, 

Amount  b^-ought  forward _ *5,008  24 

kS.  B.  Greene, 

To  72  boxes,  80c 57  60 

3  boxes,  80c. 2  40 

Dart  &  Davis, 

To  10  lbs.  nails CO 

lOlbs.      '-     - 60 

lOlbs.      "     - 60 

2  papers  tacks 25 

10  lbs.  nails. .-  60 

Grove  and  Whitnev, 

Tol  dipper _ 30 

10  lbs.  nails 60 

1  stove 16  00 

7i  lbs.  zinc,  0)  18c 1  35 

cartage 25 

20  lbs.  Russian  pipe,  tD  30c- 6  00 

labor - 1  50 

American  M.  U.  Express  Co., 

To  express  charges  from  Jan.  3  to  Marcli  28, 1870,  4  85 

telegrams 35 

telegrams 65 

State  Treasurer, 

To  postage  for  this  ofticc _ 50  00 

Whitney  Jones,  P.  ^L, 

To  letter  postage 1  29 

paper      "       135 

drawer 1  00 

Amount  carried  forward $5,156  58 

3 


18  AKKUAL  BBPOBT  OF  THE 

Secretary  of  State 

The  Sta4>e  of  MicJUgtm. 

April  27 y  1870. 

Amount  brought  forward 15,156  58 

State  Treasurer, 

To  postage  for  oflBce ..  40  00 

S.  R  Greene, 

Tol  box 75 

8  boxes 6  00 

1  book  rest 50 

0.  C.  Hine, 

To  subsoription  to  Insurance  Monitor 3  00 

Daily  Post  Co., 
To  Daily  Post  to  the  office  of  the  Seo.  of  State 

from  March  28th,  1870,  to  March  27th,  1871 . .  10  00 
State  Treasurer, 

To  postage  for  office.... 26  00 

W.  S.  George  &  Co., 

To  print  1  ream  circulars 3  40 

"     1     "     receipts  for  documents 5  40 

"     blanks  for  Life  Ins.  Go's,  other  States..  6  80 

*•     1  ream  blank  certificates  of  filing 3  40 

press,  and  trim.  1  rm.  certificates  of  filing 45 

«     1    «   blanks  for  Life  Ins.  Go's  45 

ruling  1  ream  blanks  for  Life  Ins.  Go's 45 

663,752  ems  comp.  Beg.  Report  of  Sec.  of  State  298  68 

408  tokens  press  work  on  same 142  80 

printing  8  reams  covers  for  same 27  20 


May  25,  1870. 
S.  R.  Greene, 

Tol  box 85 

2boxes 1  70 

Amount  carried  forward $5,733  21 


B04BD  OF  STATE  AUDITORS.  19 

Secretary  of  Sixite 
vs. 
The  Sta4s  of  Michigan, 
Amount  brought  forward 15,733  21 

Wm.  A.  Throop  &  Co., 

To  3,000  Notarial  wafers 13  50 

1  glass  inkstand 1  50 

1  doz.  hex.  pencils 1  25 

1  ream  legal  line 4  91 

f  doz.  boxes  eyelets 3  33 

W.  S.  George  &  Co., 
To  dry.  and  press.  59,500   sigs.  Sec.    of    State 

Reports 26  77 

stitching  3,500  pamphlets 8  75 

folding  same 29  75 

cover,  and  trim.  same.. 35  00 

putting  1,200  same  in  wrappers  for  mailing..  5  00 
State  Treasurer, 

To  postage  for  office 25  00 

A.  M.  U.  Express  Co.,  and  W.  XJ.  Telegraph  Co., 

To  telegrams 77 

55 

express 25 

"     25 


» 


July  e,  1870. 
B.  E,  Greene, 

To  1  box 75 

1  box 85 

W.  S.  George  &  Co., 

To  print.  2  reams  Notary  coms. 6  80 

"     labels 75 

Amount  carried  forward 15,898  94 


20  ANNUAL   REPORT  OF  THK 

Se4^retary  of  Stute 

vs. 

The  State  of  Michigan, 

Amount  brought  forward. - : . . _ %5,898  94 

W.  S-  George  &  Co., 

To  print.  1  ream  Wank  orders  for  blanks. . . . _ . .  5  40 

"      2  reams  lists  of  Justice  of  Peaee 6  80 

**      6      "      return  of  births 32  40 

*^     T)      ^'          -      of  deaths _ 27  00 

*^      imd  filing  J.  P.  blanks 3  40 

'*      5  reams  return  of  marriages 27  00 

**      1  ream  working  blanks  on  deaths 13  50 

1     *•      return  of  Christian  names 3  40 

*'      1     "      circulars  to  county  clerks 3  40 

press,  and  trim.  2  rms.  Notary  commissions. .  90 

**     2    *'    Gov's  proclamation ...  IK) 

2    **     blanks 90 

"               "1  ream  circulars  to  co.  clerks  45 

••      1      "      paper 45 

ruling  2  rms.  co.  clerk's  ret.  of  Not.  Publics 

3times. 2  70 

press,  and  trim.  6  rms.  return  of  births 2  70 

ruling  6  rms.  return  of  birtlis  G  times 1 6  20 

folding  and  stitching  same 300 

press,  and  trim.  5  rms.  return  of  deaths 2  25 


i< 


*4  kk 


*   w 


ruling  5  rms.  return  of  deaths  G  times 13  50 

folding  and  stitching  same 2  50 

press,  and  trim.  5  rms.  return  of  marriages. ..  2  25 

ruling  same  G  times 13  50 

folding  and  stitching  same _ 2  50 

press,  and  trim.  1  mi.  ret.  of  Christian  names  45 

ruling  same  twice  . .  _  _ _ 90 

Amount  carried  forward _ $6,087  29 


BOARD   OF   STATE   AUDITORS.  21 

•  Secretary  of  State 

vs. 
Tlic  State  of  MieJUgan. 

Amount  brought  forward  ... $0,087  29 

Whitney  Jones,  P.  M., 

To  letter  postage _ 1  32 

paper  postage 1  35 

drawer -.. 1  00 

Wm.  A  Throop  &  Co., 

To  15  reams  medium,  a  $10  15 152  25 

1  doz.  qrts.  marking  fluid 9  00 

1    "       *•     Amold'sfluid 5  95 


Jult/  21,  1870. 
Wm.  A.  Throop  &  Co., 

To  ^  M  envelopes,  ft  $3  15 1  58 

i  M  envelopes,  (7  $3  40 1  70 

^M  envelopes.^  $3  00 1  50 

State  Treasurer, 

To  postage  for  this  office . .  _ 25  00 

W.  8.  George  &  Co., 

To  print.  2,000  envelopes 3  00 

Am.  M.  U.  Express  Co.,  and  AV.  V.  Telegraph  Co., 

To  express  charges- 3  50 

Telegrams  from  May  26th  to  July  13th,  1870,  3  90 


September  S\  JH70. 
S.  R,  Greene. 

To2hoxes 1  70 

2boxes 1  60 

work  and  cord  to  repairing  windows 1  75 

Amount  carried  forward $6,303  39 


22  ANNUAL  HBPORT  OP  THB 

Secretary  of  8tcU>e  • 

va, 
TJve  State  of  Michigan. 

Amount  brought  forward tG^SOd  3<^ 

W.  E.  Tunis, 

To  6  reams  flat  cap,  tl  $4  50 27  00 

i  gross  Eagle  hex.  pencils 6  00 

6  doz.  Eagle  round  pencils 2  83 

2  inkstands 1  20 

1  eyelet  punch 3  00 

1  ream  letter  paper _  4  00 

1,000  blotting  pads ,.  3  50 

State  Treasurer, 

To  postage  used  for  exchanges  (State  Library). .  25  00 

*•          *•     in  office 35  00 

**      *•     30  00 

\V.  S.  George  &  Co., 

To  print,  circulars  to  sherifls 3  40 

bind.  22  Qrs.  manuscript   bills,    Tjegislaturc 

1869 22  00 

bind.  77  Qrs.  Record  of  Deatlis,  Bussia  ends 

and  bands - 134  75 

bind.  33  Qrs.  Record   of  Marriages,  Russia 

ends  and  bands 57  75 

bind.  28  Qrs.  Record  of  Marriages,   Russia 

cndsand  bands 49  00 

pagmg  same 5  50 


» 


October  5,  1870. 
W.  E.  Tunis, 

To  16  reams  flat  cap .-. _ 56  32 

6      '^     medium 47  52 

3      "            ^'       30  45 

Amount  carried  forward $6,847  «0 


BOARD  OP  STATE  AUDITOBa  :^3 

Secretary  of  State 

vs. 

The  State  of  Michigan. 

Amount  brought  forward $6,847  GO 

W.  E.  Tunis  &  Co., 

To  15  reams  folio  post 79  65 

Am.  M.  U.  Express  Co.,  and  W.  TJ.  Telegraph  Co., 

To  exp.  charges  from  Aug.  4th  to  Oct.  6th,  1870,  14  05 

telegrams         "           ^*                   *•          *•  2  75 

State  Treasurer, 

To  postage  for  ofSce !25  00 

W.  S.  George  &  Co., 

To  print.  1  rm.  pamphlets,  laws 3  40 

"     1    "  circulars 3  40 

1    "  blanks,  Com'r  of  Deed's  oath  of 

office 5  40 

printr  6  rms.  blanks,  amend't  to  Constitution  32  40 

**     3    **'    election  returns,  "D'* 16  20 

"     3    '•          **            *<        **Aa'' 16  20 

"      '2    "          '•            ^*        '*P»* 10  80 

**      2    "          •'            *•        '*Cc" 10  80 

"      2    "          *'            •*        **E".: 10  80 

**     1  rm.  Amendments  to  Constitution...  5  40 

*•      1   "    Annual  Report  Supt.  of  Poor ...  5  40 

'*     2  rms.  Record  of  Marriages 6  80 

••     2    ''         "        "  Births-. 6  80 

628,206  cms  comp.  on  Secretary  of  State's  first 

report  on  Insurance,  45c 282  69 

162  tokens  press-work  on  same,  35c 56  70 

print.  2  reams  covers  for  same 6  80 

correcting  alterations  for  copy 3  0O 

press,  and  trim.  1  rm.  circulars  to  Co.  clerks..  45. 

"               «     1   ''    oath  of  office 45. 

"               •'     7  rms*  election  returns 3  15 

Amount  carried  forward $7,456  09 


24  AXN'l'AL   REPORT  OF  THK 

Secretary  of  State 

vs. 

The  State  of  Michigan, 

Amount  brought  forward ♦7,456  00 

W.  S.  George  &  Co., 

To  ruling  7  reams  same,  twice H  30 

press,  and  trim.  ^  reams  same,  *•  1)  " 1  S-'V 

•      ^Aa" 1  3:> 

'*      "Cc" 90 

••      "E'' 90 

••      ^F" 90 

twice  -. 5  40 

"      once 2  70 

binding  100  ins.  reports  (Morocco  backs  and 

bronze  sides) 35  00 

Whitney  Jones,  P.  M., 

To  letter  postage 5  27 

paper  postage 1  35 

drawer 1  00 


3 

»» 

2 

(* 

u 

*> 

ft. 

f) 

.. 

6 

ik 

October  ii6,  1870, 
W.  8.  George  &  Co., 

To  press,  and  trim.  2  rnis.  marriage  blanks ..  l>o 

"                "     2    "     birth             "      «0 

ruling  4  rms.  same,  3  times 5  40 

press,  and  trim.  1  rm.  Supt  of  Poor  reports  .  45 

ruling  1  ream  same,  twice 90 

binding  1  qr.  Session  Laws  1870,  manuscript, 

Russia  ends  and  bands 1  75 

press,  and  trim.  1  ream  insurance  blanks 45 

ruling  1  ream  paper,  twice 90 

binding  5  qrs.  record  of  practice,  Russia  back, 

cloth  sides,  40c 2  00 

Amount  carried  forward $7,532  16 


BOARD   OF   STATE   AUDITOR»S.  2") 

iSecretary  of  State 

V8, 

Th'C  State  of  Michigan. 

Amount  brought  forward I?,r>32  16 

\V.  S.  George  &  Co.. 

To  binding  40  Session  I^aws,  full  leather  covers..  J50  00 

Dart  &  Davis, 

To  10  lbs.  nails. 60 

W.  S.  George  &  Co., 
To  print.  1  rm.  Supt.  of  Poor  reports,  "Z  sides  .. .  5  40 

''      450  notices,  Jan.  1871,  on  envelopes-..  3  40 

^*      3  nns.  insurance  blanks,  2  sides .-  16  20 

•*      :]    "      blank  labels  for  Pnb.  Documents  10  20 


Xavemher  SO,  1810, 
W.  E.  Tunis, 

To  2  reams  legal  cap,  14  lb.,  »5  60 11  20 

Igoldpen 2  25 

2  rejuns  6  lb.  note,  $3  00 6  00 

iM  envelopes,  *7  50 3  75 

iM          "          «4  50 - 2  25 

112  i-eams  Dble.  flat  cap,  24  lb 752  64 

H.  P.  Hitchcock, 
To  framing  original  letter  from  John  Biddle,  and 

draft  of  State  seal 1 . .  1  00 

\\'.  8.  George  &  Co., 

To  press,  and  trim.  2  nns.  insumnce  statements,  IM) 

'*                "     1  rm.  circulars 45 

2  rms.  formXo.  2 90 

1  rm.  circulars,  Pros.  Att'y 's . .  45 

jnint.  1  rni.  appointment  of  agents,  2  sides..  5  40 
"      2  rms.  form  No.  2,  Ins.  Attorney  for 

Michigan,  2  sides 10  80 

Amount  carried  forward $8,395  95 

4 


k.  .k 


k» 


t* 


*k 


26  ANNUAL  REPORT  OF  THE 

Secretary  of  State 

The  State  of  Michigan, 

Amount  brought  forward $8,395  95 

W.  S.  George  &  Co., 

To  print  1  rm.  circulai*s,  No.  2,  For.  Life  Ins.  Oo.  5  40 

1    <•          ♦•             "        "    Fire    '^     "  5  40 

1    *•          **         to  Pros.  Attorneys ...  3  4C 

'*      2  rms.  canvassing  blanks,  State  oflScers  6  80 

**      1  nn.  '*  "        State   Board 

of  Education 3  40 

print.  1  ream  blanks,  county  name  only 3  40 

State  Treasurer, 

To  postage  for  Secretary  of  State 30  OO 

AnL  M.  U.  Express  Co.,  and  W.  U.  Telegraph  Co., 

To  exp.  services  from  Oct.  2d  to  Nov.  30th,  1870,  3  55 

telegrams         "           "       *'         ''           "  2  48 
S.  R.  Greene, 

To  75  boxes  for  Secretarj-^s  oflSce,  75c 3G  25 

Ibox        "            "             "       75 

Total $8,517  53 


BOABD  OP  STATE  AUDITORS.  2^7 


Auditor  Oeneral 

vs. 

The  State  of  Mi-chigan. 

December  7,  1S6D. 
H.  L.  Paddack, 

To  catting  stencil  brand  for  And.  GenTs  office. .  $3  00 


u 


4*  *• 


January  6y  1810, 
W.  S.  George  &  Co., 

To  \  rm.  folio  poet,  for  deeds 3  50 

2  rms.  filing  on  Q.  M.  GenTs  vouchers 7  00 

print.  1  rm.  blanks,  No.  44 3  50 

''     deeds.  No.  34 5  50 

blank  redemptn.  book 3  50 

**      war  bounty  loan  bonds 20  00 

•*      2  rms.  blanks.  No.  37 11  00 

1  rm.        "         ''    29 5  50 

"      1    "          •*       certificates -_.  3  50 

''148  rms.       "       No.  1, 814  00 

press,  and  trim.  1  rm.  blanks,  No.  46 50 

ruling  1  rm.  blanks.  No.  40,  once 50 

press,  and  trim.  1  rm.  blanks,  No.  47 50 

ruling  1  rm.  blanks,  No.  47,  once 50 

press,    and  trim.    15    rms.   affidavits  to  be 

attached  to  ComYs.  annual  returns -,  7  50 

press,  and  trim.  1  nu.  blanks,  No.  44 50 

ruling  1  rm.  blanks,  No.  44,  three  times 1  50 

press,  and  trim.  1  rm.  blanks.  No.  31 50 

"              "         **      abstract  paper 50 

ruling  1  rm.  abstract  paper  C  times 3  00 

Amount  carried  forward $895  50 


:28  ANNUAL   RKPOBT  OP  THK 


Auditor  Oeneral 

V8, 


Tlie  State  of  Michigan, 

Amount  brought  forward  . .  _ %%^h  50 

W.  S.  George  &  Co., 

To  press,  and  trim.  :Z  rms.  paper 100 

ruling  2  rms.  paper  4  times 4  00 

binding  28  qrs.  rect.  books  (full  Russia) 63  00 

T    "            ''                  «        fl  $2.25,  15  75 

20    "  State  tax  lands    *•               *•  45  00 

0  outside  covers 10  00 

binding  12   qrs.   unpaid    taxes,  double    caj) 

(5  books),  full  leather,  Bussia  corners,  $1.50,  18  00 

paging  14  books 4  56 

press,  and  trim.  1  rm.  paper , 50 

ruling  1  rm.  paper  4  times _ 2  00 

press,  and  trim.  1  rm.  blanks,  No.  29 50 

ruling  1  I'm.  blanks,  No.  29,  once 50 

press,  and  trim.  100  rms.  blanks,  No.  1 50  00 

ruling  100  rms.  blanks.  No.  1 50  00 

pre^s.  and  trim.  80  rms.  blanks,  No.  2 40  00 

ruling  80  rms.  blanks.  No.  2,  4  times 160  00 

press,  and  trim.  1  rm.  certificates 50 

"               *•      250  rms.  blanks,  No.  58 125  00 

ruling  250  rms.  blanks.  No.  58,  four  times. . .  500  00 

press,  and  trim.  250  rms.  blanks.  No.  59 125  00 

ruling  250  rms.  blanks,  No.  59,  four  times. . .  500  00 

press,  and  trim.  250  rms.  blanks,  No.  60 125  00 

inling  250  rms.  blanks.  No.  60,  four  times. . .  500  OO 
Davis  &  Larned, 

To  6  No.  2  lamp  chimneys,  if  1 5c 90 

6       "        "              "            "        90 

1  spittoon 35 

Amount  carried  forward $3,237  96 


BOARD   or  STATE   AUDITORS.  29 

Auditor  General 

The  State  of  Michigan. 

Amount  drought  forward 13,237  9G 

E.  B.  Millar  &  Co., 

To  1  broom 50 

1  coffee  sack 35 

1  box  candles,  tt  20c  and  35e :. 7  00 

T.  B.  Thrift, 

Tolboxstovc 11  00 

24  lbs.  stove-pipe,  a>  12ic 3  00 

2  S.  I.  thimbles 30 

woric  (for  packing  room) 45 

Brisbin  &  Conely, 

To  1  gal.  carbon  oil 45 

2  lbs.  candles,  fl  25c _ 50 

1  large  broom 50 

1  broom 45 

1  caddy  of  matches 1  75 

4  lbs,  castile  soap,  €)  35c 1  40 

1  large  broom 50 

A.  M.  U.  Ex.  Co., 

To  express  charges  from  Oct.  9th  to  Dec.  31st,  1869,  8  10 

telegrams G5 

G.  Beamer, 
To  cutting  hole  for  stove -pipe,  and  putting  in 

thimble 1  50 

(xcorge  L.  Pease, 

To  32  rms.  13x16  flat  cap,  12  lb.,  a  $3.35 107  20 

Januanj  27,  1870, 
W.  S.  George  &  Co., 

To  print.  1  rm.  blank  book,  purchase  of  State  bids,  5  40 

''     2  rms.  deeds,  No.  34.. 10  80 

Amount  carried  forward $3,399  76 


30  AmnJAL    BEPOBT    OF  THE 

Auditor  General 

vs. 

The  State  of  Michigan, 

Amount  brought  forward t3,399  76 

W.  S.  George  &  Co., 

To  print.  20  rms.  blanks,  No.  3 108  00 

"        1  rm.        "         "    33 5  40 

*'        1    ''          «         "    31 5  40 

3  mis.      ''         "    32 10  80 

58  file  boxes,  ®  35e 20  30 

print.  2  rms.  note  on  letter-heading 6  80 

press,  and  trim.  2  rms.  blanks,  No.  34 90 

binding  1  tax-land  book 1  50 

binding  10  qrs.  State  tax-lands,  D.  D.,  Rnsssia 

ends  and  bands,  ®  $1.75 17  50 

paging  same - 80 

cutting  blotting  pads 50 

press,  and  trim.  3  rms.  deeds,  Nos.  32^  33,  and 

35,®  45c 1  35 

ruling  1  rm.  paper 45 

Wm.  A.  Throop  &  Co., 

To  4  rms.  18  lb.  linen  legal,  made  to  order,  Q  9.00,  36  00 

10  "     16lb.folio 40  50 

6    «     141b.  legal 28  62 

2  Lipman's  eyelet  machines 6  00 

1  doz.  boxes  eyelets -  3  00 

«         "          " 5  00 

1  Beyntine  eyelet  machine 2  50 

8  M  Beyentine  fasteners 20  00 

1  doz.  sponge  cups 5  00 

2  copying  brushes 2  00 

1  doz.  Sillman's  C.  H.  ink 5  00 

21bs.rubber 2  30 

4  steel  ruling-pens 6  00 

Amount  carried  forward $3,741  38 


* 


ROABD  OF  STATB  AUDITORS.  31 

Auditor  General 

The  State  of  Michigan, 

Amount  brought  forward $3,741  38 

Wm.  A.  Throop  &  Co., 

4  doz.  spools  red  tape 36  00 

1  lb.  sponge 3  00 

1  24-inch  ruler 2  00 

1  700  page  copying  book 3  50 

6  lbs.  pink  and  white  twine 9  00 

6   "    twine 3  00 

15  lbs.  hemp  twine,  large 6  00 

1  doz.  pen-holders .       4  00 

l-12doz.      "         '.  42 

1-6    doz.      "         1  66 


February  23, 1870, 
Brisbin  &  Conely, 

To  2  lbs.  best  gum  Arabic,  ft  $1.00 2  00 

1  broom 60 

S.  E.  Greene, 

To  2  days  to  fix.  packing  room 4  50 

4  lights  glass,  Cfi  30c,  $1.20 ;  set  and  fix  door 

$2.00 3  20 

repair,  ohair 75 

*'      chairs  in  oflSce 1  50 

"      chair 50 

**      stool 50 

*•      chair  and  eyelet  machine 75 

51  boxes  for  blanks,  ®  75c 38  25 

repairs 35 

Amount  carried  forward $3,862  76 


32  AXKITAL  KKPORT  OF  THK 

,4iiditor  General 

vs. 

Tfie  State  of  Michigan, 

Amount  brought  forward _ $3,862  T6 

W.  S.  George  &  Co., 

To  press,  and  trim.  1  im.  paper 45 

ruling  1  rm.  paper  4  times 1  80 

binding  7  qrs.  State  bids,  full  Russia 14  00 

paging  same 50 

press,  and  trim.  20  ims.  blanks,  No.  3 9  00 

ruling  20  rms.  blanks,  No.  3,  four  times 36  00 

ruling  1  rm.  blanks,  No.  41,  three  times 1  35 

press,  and  trim.  I  rm.  blanks,  No.  41 _  45 

*'            *•          *'          •'40 45 

ruling  same 45 

press,  and  trim.  1  rm.  blanks,  No.  51 45 

ruling  1  rm.  blanks.  No.  51,  four  times 1  80 

press  and  trim.  2  rms.  blanks.  No.  34 90 

1  rm.        ••          '•    — 45 

2  rms.       *•         "31 ^ 

outside  linen  cover,  and  lettering  State  bids 

purchased,  "  F." 2  00 

print.  1  rm.  blanks,  No.  41 3  40 

"      1   *•          •*         ••     51 3  40 

*•     34 10  80 

-     40 3  40 


** 


*. 


a  4   ' 

.*  S   ' 

**  50 

**  1 


"     10 - 13  60 

**     11 27  20 

**       2 220  00 

"N" 3  40 

rules 3  40 

*'  2  rms.  blanks,  No.  63 6  80 

"2     **          ''        '"    31 6  80 

"  1  rm.        **         returns  for  Detroit 5  40 


Amount  carried  forward $4,241  37 


BOARD  OP  STATE  AUDIT0B8.  33 

Juditor  Oeneral 

V8 

The  State  of  Michigan' 

Amoant  brought  forward $4^1  37 

W.  S.  George  &  Co., 

To  print.  2  rms.  blankfl,  No.  12 6  80 

"      4    "         "        *'    13 13  60 

**      f\    "         *'        '-     U 20  40 

585,376  ems  eompii.  on  report  of  And.  Oen'l,  263  41 

143  tokens  press- work  on  same 50  05 

print.  2  rms.  covers  for  same _ 4  00 

Wm.  A.  Throop  &  Co., 

To  1  gross  quill  pens 6  00 

^  doz.  10x12  rubber  sheets 1  50 

56  rms.  22  lb.  crown 271  04 

A.  R.  Thayer, 

To  1  cake  soap 25 


April  0,  1870. 
B.  R  Bush, 

To  1  map  of  Bay  City 5  00 

W.  S.  George  &  Co., 

To  print.  1  rm.  blanks  ret.  for  cities 5  40 

*'         "      "ir- 3  40 

'^      ret,  of  U.  S.  Land  Office,  5  40 

No.  40 3  40 

4rms.     ^-        "      6 13  60 

2    "        ''        "     44 6  80 

"     1  rm.      "      book  list  oflandschd.  back,  5  40 

»'     4  rms.    '•       No.  4 13  60 

"      4    "       "        "    5 13  60 

-    lOrms.    "        *'  65 54  00 

Amount  carried  forward 45,013  42 

5 


k* 


». 


34  ANNUAL   REPORT   OF  THE 

Auditor  General 

The  State  of  Michigan* 

Amount  brought  forward $5,013  42 

W.  S.  George  &  Co., 

To  press,  and  trim.  2  rms.  blanks,  Xo.  63 90 

ruling  2  rms.  blanks,  No.  63 90 

press,  and  trim.  4  rms.  blanks.  No.  10 180 

ruling  4  rms.  blanks,  No.  10 1  80 

press,  and  trim.  8  rms.  blanks.  No.  11 3  60 

ruling  8  rms.  blanks.  No.  11 3  60 

press,  and  trim.  1  rm.  Detroit  returns 45 

ruling  1  rm.  Detroit  returns,  4  times 1  80 

press,  and  trim.  1  rm.  blanks,  No.  64 45 

ruling  same,  4  times.. --  1  80 

press,  and  trim.  1  rm.  paper 45 

ruling  same,  6  times 2  70 

binding  12  qrs.  money  reed,  on  acch  of  Land 
Office,  full  leather,  Bussia  ends  and  bands, 

fj)$1.75 21  00 

paging  same 06 

press,  and  trim.  2  rms.  blanks.  No.  12 90 

ruling  2  rms.  blanks,  No.  12 90 

press,  and  trim.  4  rms.  blanks,  No.  13 1  80 

ruling  4  rms.  blanks,  No.  13 1  80 

press,  and  trim.  6  rms.  blanks.  No.  14 2  70 

ruling  6  rms.  blanks,  No.  14 2  70 

press,  and  trim.  1  rm.  blanks,  "  H  " 45 

press,  and  trim.  50  rms.  blanks,  No.  2 22  50 

ruling  50  rms.  blanks.  No.  2,  four  times 90  00 

press,  and  trim.  148  rms.  blanks.  No.  1 66  60 

ruling  148  rms.  blanks,  No.  1 66  60 

2  sheets  pasteboard 50 

press  and  trim.  1  rm.  entries  U.  S.  Land  Office  45 

Amount  carried  forward $5,313  53 


ISOAKD   OF   STATK    AUDITOiUS.  35 

Auditor  General 

vs. 

Ths  State  of  Michigan. 

Amount  brought  forward _ $5,313  53 

W.  S.  George  &  Co., 

To  ruling  same,  4  times 1  80 

press,  and  trim.  1  rm.  blanks,  No.  40 45 

repairing  1  State  bid  book 3  50 

ruling  1  rm.  blanks,  No.  40 _ 45 

pasteboard,  and  mounting  20  blanks,  No.  40,  C  00 

repairing  1  register _ 3  00 

repairing  2  State  tax  lands 4  00 

press,  and  trim.  2  rms.  blanks.  No.  44 90 

ruling  2  rms.  blanks.  No.  44,  three  times 2  70 

6  bristol  boards j. 1  00 

press,  and  trim.  4  rms.  blanks,  No.  4 1  80 

"               "     4    "         "         "    5 1  80 

»•                i*      4     «          a          i^    Q X  80 

ruling  4  rms.  blanks,  No.  4 1  80 

*•      4    "          "         "5 1  80 

*•      4    **          "         "    G 1  80 

press,  and  trim.  10  rms.  blanks^  No.  65 4  50 

ruling  10  rms.  blanks.  No.  65,  four  times 18  00 

press,  and  trim.  1  rm.  paper 45 

ruling  1  rm.  land  chd.  to  county,  6  times 2  70 

binding  8  qrs.  same,  Bussia  ends  and  bands, 

G)  $1.75 14  00 

paging  same 64 

ruling  1  rm.  ledger  paper,  6  times 2  70 

binding  8  qrs.  ledger  auxiliar}',  Bussia  ends 

and  bands,  ®  $1.75 14  00 

paging  same 64 

ruling  I  rm.  journal,  6  times 2  70 

binding  9  qrs.  aux.,  Bussia  ends  and  bands, 

{t^  $1.75 14  00 

Amount  carried  forward. $5,420  46 


36  AinruAL  bbpobt  ov^ms 

Auditor  Oeneral 

vs. 

The  StcUe  of  Michigan 

Amount  brought  forward.  _ $5,420  46 

W.  S.  George  &  Co., 

To  paging  same -  64 

dry.  and  press.  6,500  signs.,  d  4fc - . .  H  ^Z 

folding  6,500  signs.,  €[!  5c 3  25 

stitching  500  pamphlets,  CC  25c.   .  _ 1  25 

cover,  and  trim.  500  pamphlets 500 

Wm.  A.  Throop  &  Co., 

To  20  rms.  flat  cap,  (t  $3.65 73  00 

S.  R.  Greene, 

To  sharpen,  shears ..- 25 

repair,  drawer  and  2  knobs 25 

1  lock  for  drawer _.._ 50 

repair,  chair 60 

50c ;  other  repairs,  25c 75 

floor,    "         "          -'       15c 65 

1  hook  for  crates .- 25 

Dart  &  Davis, 

To  putting  up  stove-wire  and  hooks 150 

I  tin  basin 16 

10  lbs.  nails _ 60 

"         '* 60 

Grove  &  Whitney, 

To  repair,  furnace  pipe 1  75 

funnel  and  pipe _... 75 

II  lbs.  nails--. 66 

1  dust-pan,  30c,  1  gimlet,  10c 40 

1  scoop-shovel 1  50 

6  papers  tacks  and  nails 56 

1  dipper,  30c,  1  scrub-brnsh,  30c 60 

1  water  tank  in  furnace -  100 

Amount  carried  forward $5,519  86 


BOARD  OF  STATE  AUDITOBS.  37 

Auditor  General 

vs. 

The  State  of  Michigan, 

Amount  brought  forward 95>519  86 

Grove  &  Whitney, 

To  6  knobs,  {D  8c 48 

A.  M.  U.  Ex.  Co., 

To  exp.  charges  from  Jan.  5  to  March  28, 1870,  10  65 


April  27.  JS70. 
8.  E.  Greene, 

Tol  box - 50 

3  boxes 2  00 

repair.  1  chair 50 

1  cover  for  safe - .  60 

1  castor,  and  repair,  chair 50 

Daily  Post  Co., 

To  Daily  Post  for  Aud.  GenTs  office  (1  year)..  >  10  00 
Wm.  A  Throop  &  Co., 

To  4  rms.  medium,  «f  $8.97 35  88 

5    "     foolscap,  fD  $4.44 22  20 

5  "     letter,  0)  $3.70 18  50 

4  "     note,  CD  $3.50 14  00 

6  "        "     tD  $4.00 24  00 

1  rm.  P.  0.  paper _  4  00 

12  lbs.  flat  letter,  CD  $3.75 37  50 

48  rms.  flat  cap,  O  $3.10 148  80 

10  M  envelopes,  ft  $3.00 30  00 

5  "          "          tD$3.67 18  35 

5    ''          "          €J$4.05 20  25 

5  "          "         en  $5.98 29  90 

5i  "          ''         fii$3.60 18  90 

6  '^          "          a  $4.00 - 20  00 

Amount  carried  forward $5,987  27 


38  ANNUAL   REPORT   OP  THE 

Auditor  General 

The  State  of  Michigan, 

Amount  brought  forward $5,987  27 

Wm.  A.  Throop  &  Co., 

To  print.  31  M  envelopes,  it  50c 

1  Clegg's  24-ineli  ruler 

Wm.  C.  Packard, 

To  hauling  1  load  paper 

"        21oad8    "     


<k         ik 


W.  S.  George  &  Co., 

To  print  1  nn.  blanks,  Xo.  62 

u       1     «  u  a      22 

binding  12  vols,  letters. 


15  50 

3  00 

37 

1  00 

I  00 

3  40 

3  40 

12  00 

May  ^0,  1870. 
Brisbin  &  Conely, 

Tol  broom 40 

47  gals,  carbon,  fl  33c _.  15  51 

1  broom 40 

S.  R.  Greene, 

To  repair,  stool.-- _ 50 

5  ledger  rests 2  50 

Frank  Wells, 

To  water-colors  and  brushes  for  plating 80 

1  feather  duster 3  50 

Wm.  A.  Throop  &  Co., 

To  24  rms.  flat  cap,  tJ  $4.67 112  08 

17i  qrs.  file  paper,  ®  $1.50 26  25 

print.  4  rms.  paper 13  60 

50  rms.  22  lb.  crown,  {D  $4.84 242  00 


Amount  carried  forward $6,444  48 


BOARD   OF  STATE  AUDITORS.  39 

Auditor  OeneraZ 

V8. 

The  State  of  Michigan. 

Amount  brought  forward $6^444  48 

W.  S.  George  &  Co., 

To  binding  5  books,  entire  (U.  S.  lands) 3  75 

"        162  qrs.  lands  retd.  for  taxes 162  00 

press,  and  trim.  1  rm.  blanks.  No.  62 45 

binding  22  qrs.  tax  lands  offered 22  00 

ruling  2  rms.  paper  for  roughs,  4  times 3  60 

50  township  plats 2  00 

pasteboard,  and  pasting  K,  R.  time  table 1  00 

1  portfolio 75 

binding  8  qrs.  asstd.  rolls,  i  bound,  spring  back,  4  00 

paging  same 64 

press,  and  trim.  2  rms.  abst.  tax  lands 90 

ruling  2  rms.  abst.  tax  lands,  4  times 3  60 

foldmg  and  stitching  2  rms.  abst.  tax  lands. .  1   50 

press,  and  trim.  1  rm.  blanks,  No.  53 45 

ruling  1  rm.  blanks,  No.  53,  four  times 1  80 

press,  and  trim.  2  rms.  blanks.  No.  54 90- 

ruling  2  rms.  blanks.  No.  54,  four  times 3  60- 

binding  37  qrs.  lands  advertd 37  00- 

"         32    "    Co.  Treas.  rects. 32  Oa 

printing  2  rms.  blanks  absts.  sale  State  tax 

lands 10  80 

print.  2  rms.  blanks,  No.  54 6  80 

*^     1  rm.        "        "    53 3  40 

A.  M,  U.  Ex.  Co., 

To  exp.  charges  from  March  30  to  May  21, 1870,  9  95 

telegrams 77 

Amount  carried  forward $6,758  14 


40  ANNUAL  BEPORT  OF  THE 

Auditor  Oeneral 

V8. 

The  State  of  Michigan. 

July  6y  1870. 

Amount  brought  forward $6,758  14 

Ohas.  Humphrey, 

To  2  qts.  French  ink ._ 1  60 

2  gross  Gillott's  pens,  303.. 2  80 

Daniel  W.  Buck, 

To  f  yd.  24-inch  II.  C,  tl  #1.75 1  16 

repairing  cushion 75 

S.  R  Greene, 

To  paid  for  mending  key  and  fixing  lock 55 

1  paper  case  under  table 7  00 

repair,  and  cover  on  stool 60 

1  Yale  lock,  $1.50,  putting  on  same,  50c 2  00 

W.  S.  George  &  Co., 

To  print.  1  rm.  blanks,  Xo.  50 5  40 

''    20rm8.     "         "    23 68  00 

"      Inn.       "           '*D" 3  40 

"      2rm:?.     "        Xo.22 ' 6  80 

"    48    ''        **          "      1 259  20 

"      3    "    circulars  to  supervisors 10  20 

*•      1  rm.  statements,  rate  of  taxation 3  40 

print  1  rm.  statement  of  amt.  of  tax  ass'd.-.  3  40 

"      1    **          "          "  assessed  valuation ..  3  40 

*'      200  slips  of  newspapers 2  00 

press,  and  trim.  1  rm.  blanks,  No.  50 45 

ruling  same 45 

press,  and  trim.  1  rm.  blanks,  "  D  " 45 

cutting  blotting  pads 40 

press,  and  trim.  6  rms.  blanks 2  70 

ruling  1  rm.  rate  of  taxation 45 

"         "     ass'd  valuation 45 

Amount  carried  forward $7^45  15 


BOABD  OF  STATE  AITDIT0B8.  41 

Auditor  General' 
vs. 
lite  State  of  Michigan, 

Amount  brought  forward $74^5  15 

W.  S.  George  &  Co., 

To  ruling  3  rms.  circulars  to  supenisors ._  1  35 

"      1  rm.  statement  of  taxes,  twice 90 

press,  and  trim.  22  rms.  blanks,  Nos.  22  &  23,  5  50 

ruling  same,  twice _ 9  90 

A.  Shattuck, 

To  hauling  1  load  blanks _.  25 

"  "      paper _ 25 

Wm.  A.  Throop  &  Co., 

To  2i  rms.  Demy -..         $19  60 

''      18  12 

1  rm.  flat-cap 4  67 

cutting  paper  to  order 1  00 

lOgrosspcns 7  50 

5       '•       "     6  25 

1  doz.  erasers 9  00 

\    "     rubber  holders 2  25 

•68  39 
The  above  acct.  of  Wm.  A.  Throop  allowed  at  62  31 

Wm.  A.  Throop  &  Co., 

To  1  M  white  envelopes 5  50 

"     orange      "        4  50 


July  27 y  1870. 
Brisbin  &  Conely, 

Tol  broom 50 

1      "      50 


Amount  carried  forward $7,236  61 

6 


• 


42  ANNUAL  REPORT  OF  THE 

Auditor  General 

vs. 

The  State  of  Michigan, 

Amount  brought  forward $7,236  61 

W.  S.  George  &  Co., 

To  print  Irm.  blanks,  **Q" 3  40 

'*      8  rms.     "      salesbooks,  2  sides 43  20 

**    42    '*        *'      Xo.  2 226  80 

'•      1  rm.       *•      statement  of  ass't  and  cash 

valuation 3  40 

print  1  im.  blanks,  "  U -' 3  40 

*^      2rms.     "       ^*V'' 0  80 

press,  and  trim.  1  rm.  blanks,  "  Q  " 45 

"               "       **      statement  of  yaluation,  45 

ruling  1  rm.  statement  of  valuation,  twice. . .  90 

press,  and  trim.  1  rm.  blanks,  "U" 45 

A.  M.  U.  Ex.  Co., 

To  exp.  charges  from  May  26  to  July  30,  1870. .  8  10 

telegrams,  65e,  $3.41,  $3.05 7  11 


September  S,  1870. 
8.  R  Greene, 

To  2  punching  boards 25 

work,  cord,  tape,  etc.,  to  repair  4  windows.. .  3  50 

repair.  6  chairs  and  stools,  and  cover.  1 2  50 

B.  P.  Richmond, 

To  repair,  calendar,  and  clean.  8-day  clock 4  00 

W.  S.  George  &  Co., 

To  print.  1  rm.  circulars  to  reg.  of  deeds 3  40 

**      1"    blanks  to  sup'ts 3  40 

•*      1'*        •*      "A" 3  40 

•*      1'*        *'       No.  39 5  40 

Amount  carried  forward $7,566  92 


BOARD   OF  STATE   AUDITORS.  4JJ 

Auditor  General 

V8, 

Tfie  State  of  Michigan. 

Amount  brought  forward $7,5G6  92 

W.  S.  George  &  Co., 

To  print  4  rms.  blanks,  No.  10 13  60 

"      1  blank  book 5  40 

"      1  rm.  blanks,  Xo.  56 5  40" 

"      1   "         "        -•    37 5  40 

•*      1  blank  salesbook 5  40 

«      Irm.  blanks,  Xo.  55 3  40 

"      1   "         "         "     62 3  40 

*'      2rm8.     ••          •'    39 10  80 

press,  and  trim.  1  nn.  blanks,  "V" 45 

"            '•           '•'     circulars  to  reg.  of  deeds,  45 

48  rms.  blanks.  No.  1 2160 

ruling  48  rms.  blanks.  No.  1 21  60 

press,  and  trim.  9  rms.  salesbooks 4  05 

ruling  9  rms.  salesbooks,  4  times 16  20 

binding  128  rms.  salesbooks 96  00 

paging  same 13  84 

press,  and  trim.  1  rm.  blanks.  No.  37 45 

"            «•         1   "         '<         "    39 45 

ruling  1  rm.  blanks,  No.  37,  twice 90 

"      1   "        «         «    39,  four  times 1  80 

press,  and  trim.  4  rms.  blanks.  No.  16 180 

"    .       "        1  rm.  statistics 45 

ruling  Irm.  statistics 5  00 

folding  and  stitching  1  rm.  statistics 50 

dry.  and  press.  500  8igns.,'acts  relating  to  B.  Rs.  22 

folding  500               "        ''         "            "  25 

trim.  500  copies        **        "         *'            "  50 

press,  and  trim.  1  rm.  blanks.  No.  56 45 

1  portfolio 1  50 

Amount  carried  forward $7,808  18 


44  ANNUAL   REPORT  OF  THB 

Auditor  Oeneral 

vs. 

Ihe  State  of  Michigan, 

October  5,  1870. 

Amount  brought  forward 17,808  18 

E.  B.  Millar  &  Co., 

To  1  scrub-bnish 40 

1  broom 40 

1  doz.  lamp  wicks 20 

W.  E.  Tunis, 

To  6  rubber  rulers G  00 

^  doz.  punches 3  00 

\\  rms.  letter  paper 5  55 

IJ    «      note       '*     3  89 

A.  M.  U.  Ex.  Co., 

To  exp.  charges  from  Aug.  G  to  Sept.  30, 1870.  _  35  20 

W.  S.  George  &  Co., 

T^  print.  4  rms.  blanks,  No.  16 13  60 

"      G    *'          *^            *•      21  40 

•*      2    "     circulars  to  sui^ervisors 6  80 

^'      1  rni.  blanks,  val.  real  estate,  etc 5  40 

**      1   '•        "        Ko.29 5  40 

'*      2rms.    '^         "    30 10  80 

"      1  rm.  warrant,  amt.  and  rect.  State  Bd. 

of  Agriculture 3  40 

print.  1  rm.  blanks,  "B" 3  40 

"      1    "        "        "J" 3  40 

"      1   "     statem't  of  taxes  chd.  back  to  Co.  3  40 

"      1   **     circulars  for  vouchers 3  40 

press,  and  trim.  2  rms.  blanks,  No.  39 90 

ruling  2  rms.  blanks,  No.  39,  four  times 3  60 

trim,10    «         «         "    16,fD20c 2  00 

press,  and  trim.  1  rm.  blanks,  No.  65 45 

''            "            "            "        "62 45 


Amount  carried  forward $7,950  62 


BOARD  OF  STATB  AUDITOBS.  45 

Auditor  Oeneral 

The  State  of  Michigan. 

Amount  brouficht  forward $7,950  62 

W.  S.  George  &  Co., 

To  press,  and  trim.  2  rms.  blanks  to  siiperviaors  - .  00 

ruling  2  rms.  blanks  to  sup'rs,  twice 1  80 

press,  and  trim.  42  rms.  blanks,  No.  2 18  90 

ruling  42  rms.  blanks,  No.  2,  four  times 75  60 

press,  and  trim.  1  rm.  paper 45 

ruling  1  rm.  valuation,  6  times 2  70 

binding  12  qrs.  same,  i  bound  Demy 4  80 

press,  and  trim.  2  rms.  No.  30 _  90 

I  rm.    **    29 45 

'•            *'          1    *'     warrants  Ag*!  Corge..  45 

1    -     blanks,  ''B'' 20 

1   *•         *•        *^J" 20 

ruling  1  rm.  blanks,  No.  29 45 

"      2  rms.      "         *^    30 90 

trim.  1  rm.  abstract  ])aper 20 

ruling  1  rm.      "          "      4  times 1  80 

press,  and  trim.  1  rm.  taxes  ch'd  to  Co _  45 

ruling  1  rm.  taxes  ch'd  to  Co 45 

press,  and  trim.  1  rm.  circulars 45 


t&  «« 


«*  »• 


October  ^(K  1S70. 
W.  S.  George  &  Co., 

To  press,  and  trim.  1  rm.  notices  Sault  Canal  closed  45 

"          *'         1  "    paper 45 

ruling  1  rm.  State  tax  lands,  6  times 2  70 

binding  8  qrs.  same,  full  Russia,  it  $2.00 10  00 

paging  same 64 

outside  linen  covers 2  00 

Amount  carried  forward $8,084  91 


K)  ANNUAL   REPORT   OF  THE 

tiiiditor  General 

The  State  of  Michigan, 

Amount  brought  forward $8,084  91 

W.  S.  George  &  Co., 

To  press,  and  trim.  2  rms.  blanks,  No.  34 90 

*•         Inn.        "         "66 45 

ruling  1  rni.  same^  6  times _ 2  70 

press,  and  trim.  1  rm.  circulars 45 

"           "         1   "    rate  of  taxation 45 

ruling  1  rm.  same 45 

S.  R  Greene, 

To  work  done  in  office  A.  G 1  00 

W.  S.  George  &  Co., 

To  print.  1  rm.  Sault  Canal  closed 3  40 

"     2  rms.  form  No.  34 10  80 

**      1  rm.  county  settlements,  "66" 3  40 

"      1  "    State  tax  lands,  2  sides 5  40 

"      1   "    rate  of  taxation 3  40 

1   "    notices  to  pub'rs  of  lands 3  40 

4  rms.  form  No.  32  (tax  deeds),  2  sides,  21  60 
"     1  rm.  change  of  time  for  closing  Sault 

Canal 3  40 

print.  Irm.  form  "S" 3  40 

Charles  Humphrey, 

To  2  inkstands  and  sponge  cup 250 

Brisbin  &  Conely, 

To  1  caddy  of  matches 1  75 

2  lbs.  best  select  gum  Arabic,  CD  $1.00 3  00 


November  30,  1870. 
DaTis  &  Lamed, 

To  3  bracket  lamps,  a  00c _ 2  70 

3  chimneys,  ft  15c 45 

Amount  carried  forward $8,158  91 


ftk 


u 


BOARD   OF  STATE    AUDITORS.  47 

Auditofi'  Generals 

vs. 

Tlie  State  of  Miehigan. 

Amount  brought  forward $8,158  91 

Davis  &  Lamed, 

To  6  halo  shades,  ft)  50c 3  00 

1  lamp 6  00 

J.  S.  Baker, 

To  2  Morgan's  pat.  fountain  mucilage  cups 1  30 

Frank  Wells, 

To  1  doz.  brushes  for  mucilage. 1  50 

Brisbin  &  Couelv. 

To  2  brushes  for  mucilage,  (l  15e 30 

W.  E.  Tunis, 

To  12  rms.  folio  post  (58  lbs-),  ®  $4.05 48  60 

48    "     flat-cap,  14x17,  No.  56,  U  $4.67 224  16 

W.  S.  George  &  Co., 

To  ruling  1  rm.  roughs 45 

press,  and  trim.  1  nn.  blanks^  " S" 45 

press,  and  trim.  4  rms.  blanks,  No.  32 180 

«          *•    17      "              "      3 7  65 

ruling  same  4  times 30  60 

press,  and  trim.  1  rm.  blanks,  **0". 45 

"          *'      4rm8.     "      No.31 180 

**      1  rm.      "        "   10 45 

ruling  1  rm.  blanks^  No.  10 45 

press,  and  trim.  8  rms.  blanks^  No.  11 3  60 

ruling  8  rms.  blanks,  No.  11 3  60 

press,  and  trim.  1  rm.  blanks^  No.  18 45 

"           "     1  **          «        "    33 45 

pasteboard  for  office 1  00 

print.  17  rms.  blanks,  No.  3,  both  sides 91  80 

"      1    rm.        "        "    0 3  40 

"      1    "  notices  of  money  subject  to  order  3  40 

Amount  carried  forward $8,595  57 


6     " 

8     " 


** 


*k 


** 


46  AKKUAL  BBPOBT  OF  THE 

Auditor  (General 

The  State  of  Michigan, 

Amount  brought  forward t8,59o  57 

W.  S«  George  &  Co., 

To  print.  1  rm.  blanks,  No.  10 

8  rms.      **        ''    11 

13 

14 

*•    31 

"    3,  both  sides 

1  rm.  drafts  on  treas.  warrant  book 

2  rms.  blanks,  No.  33,  both  sides 

print.  1  rm.  blanks,  No.  18 

"     1    "    drafts  on  treas.  warrant  book 

A.  M.  U.  Ex.  Co.,  &  W.  U.  Tel.  Co., 
"To  express  services  from  Oct.  G,  to  Nov.  30,  18T0 
te^egrdms  "  •*        '*  " 

S.  R.  Greene, 

To  repair  1  chair,  A.  G. .._ 

17  boxes  for  A.  G.,  fH  (]5c 

4  lamp-posts  in  oflSce 

1  light  glass  50c.,  setting  same,  40c 

Davis  &  Lamed, 
To  2  brackets,  U  75c 

1  bracket 

2  bracket  lamps,  cO  90c 

3  chimneys,  15e 

wicks _ - 


3 

40 

27  2# 

20 

40 

27 

20 

13 

CO 

08 

00 

3 

40 

10 

80 

3 

40 

3 

40 

3 

SO 

1 

36 

50 

11 

05 

1 

00 

90 

1 

50 

50 

1 

80 

45 

20 

Total - - #8,839  43 


BOARD   OF   8TATR   AUDITORS.  49 


Stcube  Land  Office  . 

The  Stoibe  of  Miehigcm. 

January  S,  1870. 
W.  S.  George  &  Co., 

To  print.  1  rm.  blank  rec't  book $6  60 

"      1  "    circulars  to  publishers 3  60 

ad?,  sale  of  State  lands,  4  f.  5  w 8  40 

print.  1  rm.  blank  desc'n  of  lands 5  60 

"     2rms.    "      certificates... 7  00 

**     blank  book,  statement  of  money  rec'd. .  5  60 

"     1  rm.  blank  applications 650 

"     1   "    proof  of  occupancy 6  60 

press,  and  trim.  1  rm.  desc^n  of  lands 60 

ruling  1  rm.  desc'n  of  lands,  4  times 2  00 

press,  and  trim.  1  rm.  receipts 50 

1   "    proof  of  settlement 50 

1    "    application  for  settlem't  50 
J.  Stanard  Baker, 

To  1  blank  book  (for  field  notes) 50 

1           "                 *•           "       60 

Detroit  Free  Press, 

To  adv't,  notice  Com'r  Land  Office,  4  f.  5  w 8  40 

Whitney  Jones,  P.  M., 

To  letter  postage 2  09 

paper      "       1  10 

drawer 1  00 

State  Treasurer, 

To  postage  stamps  for  Land  Office 30  00 

George  L.  Pease, 

To  1  doz.  Arnold's  fluid 6  69 

i    *'    inkstands _  2  50 


Amount  carrried  forward $103  18 

7 


50  AKinJAL  R£POBT  OF  THE 

Sba4)e  Land  Office 

vs. 

The  State  of  Michigan, 

Amount  brought  forward $103  18 

George  L.  Pease, 

To  1  gross  pen-holders. .  _ 1  50 

1  doz.  sponges 2  59 

1     "    ruVr  holders 5  50 

1  mucilage  pot 2  00 

1  bottle  green  ink _  50 


January  27 ^  1870, 
George  L.  Pease, 

To  1  gross  Faber's  pencils ' 6  00 

2  doz.  red  and  blue  pencils,  fl  $1.00 2  00 

i    "    iron  paper  weights,  a  $9.00 4  50 

1  glass  paper  weight 2  50 

W.  S.  George  &  Co., 

To  print  1  rm.  circulars  to  county  treas's 3  40 

"    23  rms.  rec'ts,  16  kinds 78  20 

"      2    "    blanks,  desc'n  of  lands 6  80 

press,  and  trim.  1  rm.  paper 45 

ruling  1  rm.  paper,  8  times 3  60 

binding  8  qrs.  rec'ts,  full  bound,  Russia  ends 

and  bands 800 

paging  same 64 

index,  separate 50 

press,  and  triuL  6  rms.  receipts 2  70 

Vm.  A.  Throop  &  Co., 

To  6  rms.  flat  cap ; 18  43 

4    "      "      "  12  40 

2  **      40  1b.  royal - 36  00 

Amount  carried  forward - $301  29 


BOARD  OF  STATE   AUDITORS.  51 

State  Land  Office 

The  State  of  Mtchigan. 

Amount  brought  forward. $301  29 

Monroe  Commercial, 

To  pub.  sale  of  State  swamp  lands,  4  folios,  5  ins.,  8  40 

Traverse  Bay  Eagle, 

To  pub.  sale  of  State  swamp  lands,  4  folios,  5  ins.,  8  40 

Allegan  Journal, 

To  pub.  sale  of  State  swamp  lands,  4  folios,  5  ins..  8  40 

Pontiac  QvaMe, 

To  pub.  sale  of  State  swamplands,  4  folios,  5  ins.,  8  40 

Muskegon  Chronicle, 

To  pub.  sale  of  State  swamp  lands,  4  folios,  5  ins..  8  40 

Isabella  Co.  Enterprise, 

To  pub.  sale  of  State  swamp  lands,  4  folios,  5  ins..  8  40 

Jonesville  Independent, 

To  pub.  sale  of  State  swamp  lands,  4  folios,  5  ins.,  8  40 

Mason  Co.  Kecord, 

To  pub.  sale  of  State  swamp  lauds,  4  folios,  5  ins.,  8  40 

Mt,  Clemens  Monitor, 

To  pub.  sale  of  State  swamp  lands,  4  folios,  5  ins.,  8  40 

Clinton  Bepublican, 

To  pub.  sale  of  State  swamp  lands,  4  folios,  5  ins*»  8  40 

Adrian  Times, 

To  pub.  sale  of  State  swamp  lands,  4  folios,  5  ins..  8  40 

Ht.  Clair  Republican, 

To  pub.  sale  of  State  swamp  lands,  4  folios,  5  ins,,  8  40 

Charlotte  Bepublican, 

To  pub.  sale  of  State  swamp  lands,  4  folios,  5  ins.,  8  40 

Orand  Traverse  Herald, 

To  pub.  sale  of  State  swamp  lands,  4  f6lios,  5  ins.,  8  40 

Greenville  Independent, 

To  pub.  sale  of  State  swamp  lands,  4  folios,  5  ins.,  8  40 


Amount  carried  forward $427  29 


52  ANNUAL  REPORT  OF  THE 

Stdte  Land  Office 

vs. 

The  State  of  Michigan, 

Amount  brought  forward *427  %^ 

St.  Joseph  Bepublican, 

» 

To  pub.  Hale  of  State  Swamp  lands,  4  folios,  5  ins.,  H  4^) 

I)e  Grondwet  Republican^ 

To  pub.  sale  of  State  swamp  lands,  4  folios,  5  ins.,  8  40 

Hastings  Banner, 

To  pub.  sale  of  State  swamp  lands,  4  folios,  5  ins.,  8  40 

Midland  Independent, 

To  pub.  sale  of  State  swamp  lands,  4  folios,  5  ins.,  8  40 

Oceana  Times, 

To  pub.  sale  of  State  swamp  lands,  4  folios,  5  ins.,  8  4o 

Ingham  Co.  News, 

To  pub.  sale  of  State  swamp  lands,  4  folios,  5  ins.,  8  40 

Newaygo  Republican, 

To  pub.  sale  of  State  swamp  lands,  4  folios,  5  ins.,  8  40 

Marquette  Plaindealer, 

To  pub.  sale  of  State  swamp  lands,  4  folios,  5  ins.,  8  4o 

Manistee  Times, 

To  pub.  sale  of  State  swamp  lands,  4  folios,  5  ins.,  8  40 

Weekly  Herald  (Ottawa), 

To  pub.  sale  of  State  swamp  lands,  4  folios,  3  ins.,  5  60 

'  Berrien  Co.  Record, 

To  pub.  sale  of  State  swamp  lands,  4  folios,  5  ins.,  8  40 

Jackson  Citizen, 

To  pub.  sale  of  State  .swamp  lands,  4  folios,  5  ins,,  8  40 

Iosco  Co.  Gazette, 

To  pub.  sale  of  State  swamp  lands,  4  folios,  5  ins.,  8  40 

Cass  Co.  Republican, 

To  pub.  sale  of  Stat^  swamp  lands,  4  folios,  5  ins.,  8  40 

Huron  Co.  News, 

To  pub.  sale  of  State  swamp  lands,  4  folios,  5  ins.,  8  40 


Amount  carried  forward $650  49 


BOARD  OF  STATE  AUDITOBS. 


53 


>  ins.. 


ms.. 


ins.. 


State  Land  Office 

vs. 

The  Sta4ie  of  Michigan, 

Amonut  brought  forward 

Bay  City  Journal, 

To  pub.  sale  of  State  swamp  lands,  4  folios,  .1 

Ionia  Sentinel, 

To  pub.  sale  of  State  swamp  lands,  4  folios,  5 

Tuscola  Co.  Pioneer, 

To  pub.  sale  of  State  swamp  lands,  4  folios,  5 

Marshall  Statesman, 

To  pub.  sale  of  State  swamp  lands,  4  folios,  5  ins.. 

(Iratiot  Journal, 

To  pub.  sale  of  State  swamp  lands,  4  folios,  5  ins., 

Weekly  Clarion, 

To  pub.  sale  of  State  swamp  lands,  4  folios,  5  ins., 

(4rand  Bapids  Eagle, 

To  pub.  sale  of  State  swamp  lands,  4  folios,  5  ins., 

forfeited  State  swamp  lands 

primary  school  lands. . . 

Normal      "         "    ... 

salt-spring  lands 

Asylum  lands 

Uniyersity  lands 

Muskegon  Chronicle, 

To  pub.  sale  of  forfeited  primary  school  lands. . . 

salt-spring  lands. 

Asylum  lands 


a 

u 

ii 
(( 


ti 
ii 
4. 
t'. 


»550  49 


8  40 


8  40 


8  40 


8  40 


8  40 


8  40 


(6 


a 


<• 


8  40 

2 

00 

0 

00 

2 

00 

2  00 

1 

45 

1 

45 

3  tH) 

2  00 

1 

30 

A.  E.  Thayer, 
To  2  chimneys 


« 


Fehrnary  23,  1870. 


Amount  carried  forward 


30 
30 


1635  09 


54  ANNUAL   REPORT  OF  THE 

State  Lcatd  Office 

V8. 

The  State  of  Michigan. 

Amount  brought  forward -. ^635  09 

8.  R.  Greene, 

To  1  block  under  inkstand 30 

1  i  days'  work,  $3.00, 1  pr.  butts,  25c,  hook,  12c,  3  3T 

I  book-case ."^OO 

W.  S.  George  &  Co., 

To  press,  and  trim.  1  rm.  desc'ns  of  land 40 

ruling  1  rm.  desc'ns  of  land,  twice 90 

press,  and  trim.  1  rm.  cert,  of  taxes 4o 

ruling  same,  3  times - 1  35 

press,  and  trim.  2  rms.  Ca  Treas's  rccts. 0€ 

binding  9  qrs.  field  notes 900 

paging  same 75 

binding  1  book  of  plats,  Osceola  Co 2  00 

dry.  and  press.  1,500  signs.,  U  4^ 68 

folding  1,500  signs.,  ^  5c 75 

stitching  500  pamphlets 75 

cover,  and  trim.  500  pamphlets 500 

l)rinting  2  rms.  circulars  relative  to  taxes,  etc.,  10  80 

'*        2    *'    countj'  treas's  rects 6  80 

4G,004  ems  comp'n  Land  OflSce  report 20  70 

33  tokens  press-work  on  same 11  55 

prints  2  mis.  covers  for  same 4  00 

re-setting  44,976  ems  comp'n  on  same 20  23 

State  Treasurer, 
To  postage  stamps  for  this  oflBce,  viz : 

1  card  12c $12  00 

2  «     6c 12  00 

6    *•     2c 12  00 

1    ^*     Ic 1  00 

10"     3c 30  00 

67  00 

Amount  carried  forward $807  82 


HOABD  OF  STATE  AUDITOBS.  56 

«Sto^  Land  Office 

V8. 

Th&  State  of  Michigan. 

Amount  brought  forward $807  82 

Wm.  A.  Throop  &  Co., 

To  4  rms.  folio  post,  tt  *4.41  17  64 

The  following  accounts  for  advertising  sale  of  State 
swamp  lands  were  presented,  duly  certified  to  by 
E.  H.  Porter,  Dep.  Com'r,  and  cUowed,  viz : 

True  Northerner,  4  folios,  5  ins 8  40 

Wolverine  Citizen,  4  folios,  5  ins 8  40 

Livingston  Republican,  4  folios,  5  ins 8  40 

Mecosta  Pioneer,  4  folios,  5  ins 8  40 

Portage  Lake  Mining  Gazette,  4  folios,  5  ins.  8  40 

True  Northerner, 

To  pub.  sale  o^  forfeited  State  lands,  4  folios,  5  wks.  8  40 


April  6,  1870. 
W.  S.  George  &  Co., 

To  print,  1  rm.  statement  of  funds,  etc 3  40 

"      1   "    blanks,  list  of  counties  - .  4 3  40 

'•      500  township  plats  for  books 10  00 

*•      1  rm.  blanks,  desc'n  of  lands 3  40 

"      1    ^*    blank  book,  desc'n  of  lands 5  40 

press,  and  trim.  1  rm.  paper 45 

ruling  same  G  times 2  70 

binding  12  qrs.,  money  reed,  on  acci  of  Land 
Office;  full  leather,  Russia  ends  and  bands, 

€^•1  75 21  00 

paging  same 96 

press,  and  trim,  statement  of  funds 45 

ruling  same,  3  times 1  35 

press,  and  trim.  1  rm.  list  of  counties 45 

ruling  same 46 

Amount  carried  forward $929  27 


56  AKNl'AL    REPORT    OF  THE 

8ta4£'  Land  Office 

V8, 

The  State  of  Michigan. 

Amount  brought  forward $929  27 

W.  S.  George  &  Co., 

To  ruling  5  nns.  field  note  paper,  4  times 9  00 

stitch,  and  trim.  5  rms.  note  paper 3  00 

binding  9  vols,  letters 900 

press,  and  trim.  1  rm.  paper 4I» 

ruling  1  rm.  "land  sold/'  twice 90 

Wm.  A.  Throop  &  Co., 

To  i  doz.  Rogers'  erasers,  fD  $6  00 3  00 

3  gross  Gillott's  pens,  ®  $1  50 4  50 

1  "     Spencerian  pens 150 

2  "     quill  i>en8,  fj  75c 150 

1  "     Faber's  pencils 12  00 

2  doz.  ivory  holders,  CD  63c 1  26 

1  M  Boynton's  fasteners 3  00 

1  doz.  rubber  holders 12  00 

5  yards  English  vellum,  fl  80c 4  00 

Grove  &  Whitney, 

To  cleaning  pipe,  II  50, 1  pail,  30e 1  80 

State  Treasurer, 

To  postage  for  this  oflSce 54  00 

Whitney  Jones,  P.  M., 

To  letter  postage 2  13 

paper      "       1  10 

drawer 1  00 


ApHl  27,  1870, 
Calvert  Lith.  Co., 
To  lithographing  1,000  plats,  bond  paper,  14x17 
«  600        "         "        "  " 

1,000     ''         «        "    9^x111 


40  00 
20  00 
30  00 


Amount  carried  forward 11,144  41 


BOABD  OF  STATE  AUDITORS.  57 

St(Ue  Land  Office 

vs. 

The  State  of  Michigan. 

Amount  brought  forward ^1,144  41 

State  Treasurer, 

To  postage  stamps  for  this  office: 

12  cards  3c,  $36  00, 1  card  6c,  $6  00, 1  card. 

12c,  112  00 54  00 

Dailv  Post  Co., 

To  Daily  Post  to  State  Land  Office,  from  March 

28,  1870,  to  March  27,  1871,  ®  $10.00 10  00 

W.  S.  George  &  Co., 

To  print.  1  rm.  blanks,  cert,  of  purchase  swamp 

lands 5  40 

ruling  1  rm.  paper,  4  times 180 

binding  1  abstract  book,  Isabella  county 4  00 

1  rm.  paper  for  field  notes 6  50 

ruling  1  rm.,  4  times 1  80 

folding,  stitching,  and  trimming  1  rm 75 

binding  3  books  of  plats,  for  "  Lapeer,  Oratiot, 

and  Eaton  Counties" 6  00 

binding  3  books,  Bnssia  ends  and  bands,  24 

quires 24  00 

paging  same 1  92 


Maff  25,  1870. 
»S.  R  Greene, 

To  repair.  3  chaii-s 1  00 

repai  rs 25 

Wm.  A.  Throop  &  Co., 

To6rms.  flat  cap 28  02 

2    "     folio  cap 8  88 

2  gross  Falcon  i>ens  1  00 

Amount  carried  forward tl,200  73 

S 


58  ANNUAL   UEPORT  OF  THE 

StiUe  Land  Office 

The  State  of  Michigan. 

Amount  brought  forward t;l,299  73 

W.  S.  George  &  Co., 
To  binding  12  qrs.  plat  books^  full  bound,  Russia 

ends  and  bands :^4  00 

press,  and  trim.  1  nn.  paper  for  same 45 

ruling  1  rm  paper  for  same,  4  times 1  80 

outside  linen  coTer 4  00 

press,  and  trim.  1  rm.  cert,  of  purchase  swamp 

lands 45 

binding  8  qrs.  field  notes,  Livingston  county 

(Russia) 8  00 

paging  same _  64 

binding  1  plat  book,  Livingston  Co 2  00 

*•       1    "      "      OsceolaCo 2  50 

ruling  1  rm.  paper  for  ledger,  4  times 1  80 

binding  10  qrs.  swamp  land  ledger  (extra), 

{D  $2.00 20  00 

paging  same 80 

ruling  1  rm.  paper,  P.  S.  ledger,  4  times 1  80 

binding  10  qrs.          -*        "    (extra),  CD  $2.00,  20  00 

paging  same 80 

print.  1  rm.  small  town  plats 3  40 

"     1  "    circulars  to  Co.  Treasurers 3  40 

"     3  rms.  blanks,  desc'n  of  lands 10  20 


July  6,  1870. 
S.  B.  Qaeenc, 

To  work  repair,  window  in  office 3  50 

1  cord,  30c,  1  key  and  padlock  on  drawer,  50c,  80 

Amount  carried  forward 11,410  07 


BOARD  OF  STATE   ACDITOBS.  59 

State  Land  Office 

The  State  of  Michigan. 
Amount  brought  forward $1,410  07 

W.  S.  George  &  Co., 

To  print.  2  rms.  blanks,  proof  of  nou-settlemcnt  «  80 

"      2    "     affidavits  for  same 6  80 

press,  and  trim.  3  rms.  description  of  lands--  1  35 

ruling  3  rms.  description  of  lands,  3  times. -.  4  05 

**      2    **    field  note  paper,  4  times 3  60 

folding  and  stitching  2  rms.  field  note  paper,  1  50 

trimming  2  rms.  field  note  paper 50 

press,  and  trim.  2  rms.  proof  of  non-settlem't  90 

"           ''         2    "    affi'ts  of  non-settlem't  90 
binding  18  qrs.  field  notes,  Bussia  ends  and 

bands  (Jackson  Co.) 18  00 

paging  same.- 1  44 

binding  1  plat  book  (Jackson  Co.) 2  00 

**       8  quires  field  notes,  Russia  ends  and 

bands  (Oceana  Co.) ..-     v       8  00 

paging  same 64 

binding  plat  book,  (Oceana  Co.) 2  00 

State  Treasurer, 

To  postage  for  this  office,  viz  : 

10  cards  3c 30  00 

1      "      Cc 6  00 

1      "      12c 12  00 

Whitney  Jones,  P.  M., 

To  letter  postage 1  51 

paper      *•       1  20 

drawer    " 1  00 

Wm.  A.  Throop  &  Co., 

To  3  M  lithographed  envelopes,  fH  »6  00 18  00 

3  ''          "               ''          «>$9  00 27  00 

Amount  carried  forward $1,565  2ft 


60  AKXUAL  BEPOBT  OF  THE 

State  Land  Og^ 

The  SUUe  of  Mithigan. 

Amotmt  brought  forward $1,565  ^ 

Wm.  A-  Throop  &  Co^ 

To  2  rms.  note  paper 700 

2  gross  robber  bands 2  40 

2  gt  gross  rubber  bands 600 

1  M  envelopes 3  95 


July  27,  1870. 
Calvert  Lith.  Co., 
To  lithographing  1,000  plats,  bond  paper,  9x11..  30  60 


September  8, 1870, 
State  Treasurer, 
To  postage  for  this  office,  viz : 

1  card,  12c 12  00 

2  cards,  6c 12  00 

12    «    3c 36  00 

1  card,2c %  00 

postage  for  this  office 36  00 

W.  S.  George  &  Co^ 

To  print.  1  rm.  circulars .' 3  40 

*'      1^*          '*           to  publishers 3  40 

"      250  envelopes... 150 

press,  and  trim.  1  rm.  abs't  of  forfeited  lands,  45 

niling  1  rm.  abs't  of  forfeited  lands,  twice. .  _  *     90 

press,  and  trim.  1  rm.  salesbook 45 

ruling  same,  4  times 180 

binding  1  salesbook 1  00 

Amount  carried  forward $1,725  51 


BOARD  OF  STATE   AUDITORS.  61 

SteUe  Land  Offi/ic 

vs. 

The  State  of  Michigan. 

Amount  brought  foRward $1,725  51 

yf.  S.  George  &  Co., 

To  binding  8  qrs.  taxes  returned 8  ()i> 

"       1  plat  book,  Montmorency  and  Alpena 

counties 1  00 

ruling  paper  for  same 90 

October  5, 1870. 
State  Treasurer, 

To  postage  for  this  office .-   ._  44  00 

W.  S.  George  &  Co., 

To  print.  2  rms.  certificates 6  80 

dry.  and  press.  1,200  signs.  Land  Office  laws,  5  40 

folding  1,200  signs.  Land  Office  laws 6  00 

binding  260  copies       "         "        "    «i  25c- .  65  00 

binding  10  copies  Land  Office  laws,  full  leather,  10  00 

press,  and  trim.  1  rm.  tax  rec'ts  (town) 45 

"           "         1  "         "          (city) -  45 

ruling  2  rms.  tax  rec'ts 90 

trim.  2  rms.  field  note  paper ._  40 

ruling  2  rms.  field  note  paper,  4  time^ 3  60 

stitching  and  folding  same.  -  1  00 

Whitney  Jones,  P.  M., 

To  letter  postage 1  72 

paper      "       120 

drawer ^ 1  00 


October  26.  1870. 
W.  S.  George  &  Co., 

To  binding  2  plat  books,  Oscoda  and  Alcona 4  00 

ruling  1  rm.  papery  4  times 1  80 

Amount  carried  forward $7,890  13 


62  ANNUAL   REPORT  OF  THE 

State  Land  Office 

vs. 

The  Staiie  of  Michigam, 

Amount  brought  forward $1,890  13 

W.  S.  George  &  Co., 
To  binding  12  qrs.  record  of  field  notes,  Russia 
back  and  covers,  cloth  sides,  and  plats  for 

index .^ 6  00 

paging  same _ 1  00 

binding  1  plat  book,  Cheboygan  Co 3  00 

Dart  &  Davis, 

To  putting  up  stoves -^00 

Wm.  A.  Throop,  Agt, 
To  25  rms.  lithographed  letter-heads,  12  lb.  paper, 

\  sheets 2  7a 

25  mis.  lithographed  note-heads,  6  lb.  paper, 

^  sheets. _ _ 2  00 

W.  E.  Tunis, 

To  1  rm.  postoflSce  paper 3  50 

1  M  com  envelopes 2  15 

1  doz.  rubber  penholders,  ass't'd 400 

4  gross  Falcon  pens,  0)  50c 200 

2  gross  Spencerian  pens,  ^11  50 300 

1  doz.  quarts  Arnold's  fluid 595 

Calvert  Lith.  Co., 

To  lith.  1,000  plats,  on  bond  paper,  14x17 40  00 

"    1,000    "  "  '•         9x11 30  00 

November  30, 1870. 
State  Treasurer, 

To  postage  for  land  office : 

10canl8,3c 30  00 

1  card,  12c ..-  18  » 

1  ''     2c 300 

2  cards,  6c •_ 12  00 

Amount  carrricd  forward t?,053  ^ 


BOARD   OF  STATE  AUDITORS.  63 

Stdte  Land  Office 

V8, 

The  State  of  Michigan, 

Amount  brought  forward ^    $2,052  48 

W.  R  Tunis, 

To  2  doz.  Grove's  carmine _ 10  00 

W.  S.  George  &  Co., 

To  75  file  boxes.  It  35c 26  25 

press,  and  trim,  affidavits  of  adjoining  owners  45 

printing  1  rm.  affidavits 3  40 

Lake  Superior  Miner, 

To  advertising  sale  of  State  swamp  lands,  4  folios, 

5  insertions -  8  40 

Menominee  Herald, 

To  advertising  sale  of  State  swamp  lands,  4  folios, 

5  insertions 8  40 

The  following  accounts  for  advertising  sale  of  pri- 
mary school  lands  were  presented,  duly  certified 
to  by  E.  H.  Porter,  Dep.  Com.,  and  allowed  as 
follows,  viz : 

St  Joseph  Republican,     1  folio,  5  insertions-  2  10 

Traverse  Bay  Eagle,         1    "      5  "       .  2  10 

Menominee  Herald,  1     "      5  "       .  2  10 

Tuscola  Co.  Pioneer,        4    "      5  "       .  8  40 

Portage  Lake  Mining  Gazette,  3  folios,  5  ins.,  6  30 

Bay  City  Journal,         2  folios,  5  insertions...  4  20 

Monroe  Commercial,    2     "      5         "        . .  4  20 

Free  Press,  2      "      5         '*        . .  4  20 

Peninsular  Courier,      2      "      5         "        . .  4  20 

Isabella  Co.  Enterprise,  4  folios,  5  insertions,  8  40 

Cass  Co.  Republican,      2      "      5         *'  4  20 

Mt.  Clemens  Monitor,    2      *^     5         "  4  20 

Lake  Superior  Miner,    1      "      5         **  2  10 

Amount  carried  forward $2,166  08 


f>4  AMSUAL  REPORT  OF  THE 

8t(xte  Land  Office 

6$, 

The  State  of  Michigan. 
Amoaut  brought  forward t%flM  OS 

The  following  accounts  for  advertising  sale  of  pri- 
mary school,  State  swamp,  University,  salt-spring. 
Normal  School,  and  Asylum  lands,  were  pre- 
sented, duly  certified  to  by  E.  H.  Porter,  Dep. 
Com.,  and  allowed  as  follows,  viz : 
Clinton  Co.  Republican, 
To  advertising  primary  school  lands,  2  folios,  5 

times 4  80 

To  advt.  sale  of  State  swamp  lands,  1  folio,  5 

times - 2  10 

Grand  Traverse  Herald, 

To  advt  primary  school  land $2  10 

advt  State  swamp  land 2  10—2  f.  6  t  4  ao 

De  Grondwet 

To  advt  primary  school  lands 8  40 

advt  State  swamp  land 1  00 

advt.  University  lands 1  00 

advt  salt-spring  lands 2  10 

advt  Normal  school  lands 2  20 

advt  Asylum  lands 4  20— 9f.5t         18  90 

Grand  Haven  Herald, 

To  advt  primary  school  lands 8  40 

advt  State  swamp  lands 1  00 

advt  University  lands 1  00 

advt.  salt-spring  lands 2  10 

advt  Normal  school  lands 2  20 

advt  Asylum  lands. 4  20 — 9  f.  6 1         18  90 

Mecosta  Co.  Pioneer, 

To  advt.  primary  school  lands 8  40 

advt  State  swamp  lands 2  10 — 6  f.  5  t        10  50 

Amount  carried  forward $2,224  88 


BOARD   OF  STATE  AUDITORS.  66 

State  Land  Office 

V8. 

The  State  of  Michigan. 

Amount  brought  forward $2^24  88 

Ingham  Co.  News, 

To  advt.  primary  scliool  lands $6  30 

advt  State  swamp  lands 2  10 — i  f.  6  t.  8  40 

Iosco  Co.  Gazette, 

To  advt.  primary  school  lands 4  20 

adrt.  State  swamp  lands 2  10—3  f.  5 1  6  3Ai» 

Newaygo  Bepublican, 

To  advt.  primary  school  lands 3  20 

advt.  Asylum  lands 1  00— 2  f.  5 1.  4  20 

Montcalm  Herald, 

To  advt.  primary  school  lands 6  30 

advt  State  swamp  lands 2  10 

advt.  Asylum  lands 4  20— 6f.5t        12  60 

Marshall  Statesman, 

To  advt.  primary  school  lands 8  40 

advt  State  swamp  lands 1  05 

advt  University  lands 1  05—5  £  5 1        10  60 

Detroit  Post, 

To  advt  primary  school  lands 4  20 

advt  State  swamp  lands 6  30 

advt.  University  lands 2  1 0—6  f .  5 1         1 2  60 

Muskegon  Chronicle, 

To  advt.  primary  school  lands 2  10 

advt  State  swamp  lands 1  05 

advt  Asylum  lands 1  05 

advt  salt-spring  lands 2  10—3  £  5 1  6  30 

Hastings  Banner, 

To  advt  primary  school  lands 12  60 

advt  State  swamp  lands 4  20—8  f.  5 1        16  80 

Amount  carried  forward $2,302  58 

9 


66  ANKUAL  BEPORT  OF  THE 

State  Land  Office 

vs. 

The  State  of  Michigan. 

Amount  brought  forward $29802  68 

Livingston  Go.  Bepublican, 

To  adyt.  primary  Bchool  lands $6  30 

adyt  State  swamplands 2  10 — 4f.5t          8  40 

St  Clair  Bepublican, 

.  To  advt.  primary  school  lands  ...  14  70 

adrt.  State  swamp  lands 6  30 

adyt  Asylum  lands ^.-  2  10 

adyt  Normal  school  lands 6  30 — 14  £  6 1.      29  40 

Saginaw  Bepublican, 

To  adyt.  primary  school  lands '  6  30 

adyt.  State  swamp  lands 2  10 — 4  f.  5  t          8  40 

Gratiot  Journal, 

To  adyt.  primary  school  lands 4  20 

adyt  State  swamp  lands 2  10 

adyt  Asylum  lands, 4  20 

adyt.  salt-spring  lands 4  20 — 7  f.  5  t       14  70 

Berrien  Co.  Eecord, 

To  advt.  primary  school  lands 4  20 

advt  XJniversity  lands 2  10—3  f.  6  t         6  30 

Pontiac  Gazette, 

To  advt.  primary  school  lands 3  00 

advt  XJniversity  lands 2  00 

advt.  State  swamp  lands 1  30 — 3  f.  5  t.         6  30 

Huron  Co.  News, 

To  advt.  primary  school  lands 4  20 

advt  State  swamp  lands 8  40—6  f.  5 1.        12  60 

Midland  Independent, 

To  advt  primary  school  lands 4  20 

advt  State  swamp  lands 2  10 

advt  salt  spring  lands 4  20— 5£5t         10  50 

Amount  carried  forward $2,399  18 


BOABD  OF  8TATB  AUDITOBS.  67 

State  Land  Office 

The  State  of  Michigan, 

Amount  brought  forward t2,399  18 

Manistee  Times, 

To  advt.  primary  school  lands $10  50 

advt  Aga  College  lands 2  10—6  f.  5  t.        h  60 

Ionia  Sentinel, 

To  advt.  Asylum  lands 2  10 

adyt.  primary  school  lands 4  20 

adyt.  salt-spring  lands 2  10 

advt.  Normal  school  lands 2  10 — 6  f.  5  t.        10  60 

Grand  Rapids  Eagle, 

To  advt  primary  school  lands 6  80 

advt.  State  swamp  lands 1  05 

advt.  University  lands 1  05 

advt.  Asylum  lands 1  05 

advt  salt-spring  lands 2  10 

advt  Normal  school  lands 3  15—7  f.  5 1       14  70 

Total $2,436  98 


B0AR1>  OP  aXATK  AlJDrrOB«.  69 


state  Treasurer 

vs. 

The  State  of  Michigan. 

January  *?,  1870. 
W,  S-  George  &  Co., 

To  print  1  nn.  cash  book $5  50 

**      2  rme.  blanks  money  reed,  on  acct.  of 

LandOffice 11  00 

print,  8  qrs,  40  lb.  mediam^  for  cash  book 7  50 

'^     filing  on  bonds,  Chicago  &  Mich.  Lake 

Shore  Railroad 3  50 

print.  1  rm.  memorandum  on  back  of  cash  b'k,  3  50 

•*     1   "  cash  acct  (large) 3  50 

'•      1   **          "             "      _ 3  50 

pai)er  for  cash  acct.  blanks..- 3  50 

print  endorsement  on  Mich.  Lake  Sh.  bonds,  3  50 

binding  U.  S.  Statutes _ 1  50 

press,  and  trim.  1  rm.  paper 50 

ruling  1  rm.  **  cash,"  G  times 3  00 

binding  7  qrs.     '•'      Sussia,  U  ^52.25 15  75 

paging  same 50 

press,  and  trim.  2  rms.  cash  acct 100 

Whitney  Jones,  P.  M., 

To  letter  postage _ 48 

paper       " 105 

drawer _ 1  00 

State  Treasurer, 

To  paid  acct  of  N.  Y.  Times,  advt,  interest  due,  15  40- 

bill  for  check  book '        23  50 

paying  exchange  and  express  charges  on  bonds 

and  coupons  paid  in  New  York 10  00 

Amount  carried  forward - $117  68 


70  ANNUAL  BEPORT  OF  THE 

State  Treasurer 

The  Stad^e  of  Michigan. 

Amount  brought  forward $117  68 

State  Treasurer, 
To  paying  acct  of  Detroit  Free  Press,  for  advt 

redemption  of  war-loan  bonds 5145 


January  27,  1870, 
W.  S.  George  &  Co., 
To  print,  endorsements  on  Kalamazoo  and  South 

Hayen  E.  B.  bonds - 3  40 

print.  3,000  envelopes 4  50 

State  Treasurer, 

To  postage  for  office      -.  30  00 

Wm.  A.  Throop  &  Co., 
To  ami  of  bill  of  $39.36,  less  item  returned  of 

•5.50 33  86 

•J  M  white  linen  lined  envelopes,  ft  $45.00.. .  22  50 

675      "     envelopes  to  order 6  0S 

Kew  York  Times, 

To  1  year's  subscription  to  the  daily  N.  Y.  Times,  10  00 

State  Treasurer, 
To  paid  exchange  $195,862.50  bonds  and  coupons 

paid  in  New  York,  CD  1-10% 195  86 

express  charges  on  $195,562.50,  bonds  and 

coupons,  paid  in  New  York 1  00 

exchange  on  $33,740,  bonds  and  coupons,'^aid 

in  New  York,  crl-10  % 33  75 

express  on  the  same - 50 

<'     and  exchange  on  $36,430,  bonds  and 
coupons,  paid  in  New  York,  fD  1-10  % 37  43 

Amount  carried  forward $548  01 


BOARD  OF  8TATB  AUDITORS.  71 

State  Treasurer 

The  State  of  Michigan, 

February  23, 1870. 

Amount  brought  forward $548  01 

8.  R.  Greene, 

To  repair,  chair 50 

•'          "     50 

W.  S.  George  &  Co., 

To  binding  4  Tols.  letters 4  00 

press,  and  dry.  3,000  signs.,  ®  4Jc 1  35 

folding  3,000  signs,  fD  5c 1  60 

stitching  500  pamphlets 1  00 

cover,  and  trim.  500  pamphlets 5  00 

print.  100  comp'r  notes,  to  paste  in  reports..  1  25 

71,232  ems  comp'n  on  report  of  State  Treas.  32  05 

CG  tokens  press-work  on  same 23  10 

print.  2  rms.  covers  for  same 4  00 

State  Treasurer, 

To  exchange  on  bonds  and  coupons,  paid  in  New 

York,  $19,805,  «  1-10  % ...-  19  80 

express  charges  on  same 50 

postage  stamps  used  in  his  o£5ce 30  00 

W.  E.  Tunis, 

To  1  gold  ruling  pen 8  00 

Wm.  A.  Throop  &  Co., 

To  one  sponge  cup  and  sponge 100 


April  6, 1870. 
W.  S.  George  &  Co., 

To  press,  and  trim.  1  rm.  paper 45 

ruling  same,  6  times 2  70 

Amount  carried  forward $684  71 


72  AKKrAL  BBPORT  OP  THB 

State  Ireasurer 

vs. 

The  State  of  Michigan, 

Amount  brought  forward $684  71 

W.  S.  George  &  Co., 
To  binding  12  qrs.  moneys  received  on  account 
of  Land  Office,  full  leather,  Sussia  ends  and 

band8,0«l  75 21  00 

paging  same 96 

State  Treasurer, 

To  postage  used  in  this  office 40  00 

Whitney  Jones,  P.  M., 

To  letter  postage _  81 

paper      "       lOo 

drawer    **       100 

State  Treasurer, 
To  exchange  on  14,595  00  of  bonds  and  coupons 

paid  in  New  York,  ft  1-10  % 4  59 

exprossage  on  same 60 

exchange  on  $16,490  00  of  bonds  and  coupons. 

paid  in  New  York,  tl  1-10  % 16  50 

cxpressage  on  same 50 


April  ^7,  IS70. 
S.  R.  Greene, 

To  lumber  and  work  in  vault 3  7.") 

Daily  Post  Co., 
To  Daily  Post  to  State  Treasurer,  from  March 

28, 1870,  t©  March  27,  1871 10  00 

W.  S.  George  &  Co., 
To  print.  1  rm.  labels  for  R.  B.  bonds 3  40 

Amount  carried  forward $788  77 


BOARD   OF  STATE    AUDITORiS.  73 

State  Treasurer 
vs. 
Tlie  State  of  Michigan, 

May  26,  1870. 

Amount  brought  forward $788  77 

S.  R  Greene, 

To  iron  and  work  to  fix  lamp  in  vault 125 

D.  W.  Buck, 

To  1  small  step-ladder 2  00 

State  Treasurer, 

To  postage __  40  00 

A.  R.  Thayer, 

To  1  lamp  for  vault ICO 

Wm,  A.  Throop  &  Co., 

To  1  gross  nibber  bands 2  00 

I  '*    "    «  1  75 

1  ^'          "    "  1  20 

1  **    **    "  90 

1   -^    "    "  1  65 

1  gt.  gross  rubber  bands,  small 3  00 

21b8.  diamond  rubber,  small 2  30 

New  York  Times, 

To  advt.  interest  due  May  Ist,  1870,  on  war  bounty 

bonds,  7  lines,  6  times 8  40 

exchange  on  bonds  and  coupons  paid  in  New 

York,  $3,452  50,  ti>  1-10  % 3  45 

express  on  same 60 


July  6y  1870. 
yf.  8.  George  &  Co., 

To  paper  for  blank  book,  register  of  checks  and 

drafts  remitted 3  50 

printing  same  (1  rm.) 5  40 

Amount  carried  forward $867  67 

10 


74  AKH^JLL  BSPOBT  OP  THB 

State  Treasurer 

The  State  ofARcJUgan. 

Amount  brought  forward ♦867  67 

W.  S.  George  &  Co^ 

To  press,  and  trim.  1  rm.  paper 45 

ruling  same«  6  times 2  70 

binding  7  qrs.  register  of  ebecksy  Bossia  ends 

and  bands 7  00 

paging  same 56 

cutting  blottingpads 40 

State  Treasurer, 

To  postage  for  use  of  office 40  00 

Whitney  Jones,  P.  M., 

To  letter  postage 78 

paper       '^       1  05 

drawer    ^'      100 

E.  0.  Orosrenor, 
To  expenses  incurred  in  going  to  New  York  on 

business  for  the  State 78  60 

New  York  Times, 
To  advt  the  payment  of  int.  due  July  lst>  1870, 

8  lines,  6  times 0  60 

C.  J.  Olin, 

To  repairing  clock,  cleaning,  oiling,  etc 300 

Wm.  A.  Throop  &  Co., 

To4M  enrelopes 12  60 

1''  "       4  05 

print5M,  fl  50c S  50 


irta 


Juljf  S7,  1870. 
C.  J.  Olin, 

To  cleaning  and  oiling  double  lock  on  safe 6  00 

Amount  carried  forward tl,037  86 


BOARD  OP  STATE   AUDITORS.  75 

State  Treasurer 

The  State  of  Michigan. 

Amount  brought  forward $1,037  86 

W.  8.  George  &  Co., 

To  print  1  rm,  blanks 3  40 

paper  for  same 2  50 

press,  and  trim.  1  rm.  blanks 45 


Augttsi  S,  1870. 
State  Treasurer, 

To  paying  exchange  on  $07,017  52  bonds  and 

coupons,  paid  in  New  York,  CD  1-10  of  1  %  07  02 

express  charges  on  same 2  00 

paying  premium  on  gold  for  the  payment  of 
$2,460  00,  coupons  of  canal  bonds  due  July 

1,1870 326  28 

paying  premiums  on  gold  for  the  payment  of 
$5,550  00,  coupons  of  renewal  bonds  due 
July  1,1870 721  24 


September  8,  1870.   . 
State  Treasurer^ 

To  postage  for  use  in  oflBce 40  00 

paid  exchange  on  $32,320  00,  bonds  and  ao» 

crued  interest,  O  1-10  % 82  32 

express  charges  on  bonds  from  Clereland  to 

Detroit 12  00 

W.  S.  George  &  Co., 

To  print.  1  rm.  circulars 3  40 

paper  for  same 1  25 

Amount  carried  forward $2,280  62 


^c* 


«6  AXIOTAL  KEPOBT  OP  THE 

Slate  Treasurer 

The  State  of  Michigan, 

Amount  brought  forward i:2^80  62 

New  York  Times, 
To  advertising  rec^uest  for  proposals  for  the  sur- 
render of  bonds,  11  lines,  10  times 2^  00 


October  5,  1870. 
W.  E.  Tunis, 

To  100  white  ouTclopes 100 

1  12-20  rms.  P.  0.  paper 9  84 

4  lbs.  diamond  rubber 4  60 

8  2-3  qts.  Arnold's  ink 4  30 

3  doz.  Paber's  round  pencils,  O  60c I  50 

1  Morgan's  mucillage 75 

1  box  eyelets 50 

2  qts.  French  ink 3  00 

1  2-foot  ruler 1  50 

State  Treasurer, 

To  postage  for  use  in  office _ .  - 30  00 

W.  S.  George  &  Co., 

To  print.  6  rms.  check  orders 17  00 

paper  for  same 2  25 

Whitney  Jones,  P.  M., 

To  letter  postage •. 1  05 

paper      *'       1  05 

drawer 1  00 

State  Treasurer, 

To  express  charges  on  coupons  from  New  York,  50 
exchange  on  bonds  paid  in  New  York,  $15,- 

4G8  58,  tl»  1-10% 15  40 

express  charges  on  same 75 


Amount  carried  forward $2,398  67 


FV 


BOARD  OP  8TATK  AUDITORS.  77 

St<i>t^  Treasiorer 

V8. 

The  StcUe  of  Michigan, 

Amount  brought  forward .    $2,398  67 

State  Treasurer, 

To  premium  paid  on  $60  00  gold  for  loan  coupons,  1 0  72 

**      130.00       *•      canal      **  5  36 

Wall  Street  Journal, 
To  adv.  notice  soliciting  proposals  for  surrender 

of  any  of  the  bonds  of  this  State  (5  weeks),  10  00 


October  ^6, 1870. 
State  Treasurer, 
To  exchange  on  $800  of  bonds  and  coupons,  paid 

in  New  York,  ^  1-10  % 80 

express  charges  on  same 50 

C.  J,  Olin, 
To  cleaning  and  oiling  clock  in  Trea's  oflSoe 5  00 


November  30,  1870, 
State  Treasurer, 

To  postage  stamps  for  use  of  Trea's  oflSce 30  00 

New  York  Times, 
To  advt  payment  of  interest  due  Nov.  1,  1870, 

8  lines,  7  times 1120 

Leonard,  Shelden  &  Foster, 
To  commission  on  purchasing  $9,000  of  bonds, 

0i% 11  25 

commission  on  purchasing  $1,000  of  bonds, 

^i% 1  25 

Amount  carried  forward $2,484  75 


78  ANNUAL  REPORT  OF  THE 

Sta4ie  Treasurer 

vs. 

The  Stdte  of  Michigan. 

Amount  brought  forward (2,484  75 

State  Treasurer, 

To  express  charges  paid  on  bonds  and  coupons 

from  New  York  to  Detroit...: 1  00 

W.  S.  George  &  Oo^ 

To  press,  and  trim.  2  rms.  ins.  blanks 90 

print  1  rm.  rets.  "  Land  OflBce,"  botb  sides . .  5  40 

"     1  **    schedule  ins.,  both  sides 5  40 

"     1   "    taxesrecd.            '' 5  40 

^     1   ^'    daily  cash  balances,  both  sides  . .  5  40 

"     1   «    life  ins.  blanks,  both  sides 5  40 

paper  for  same 2  25 

print.  1  rm.  fire  ins.  blanks,  both  sides 5  40 

paper  for  same 2  25 

Detroit  Free  Press  Co., 

To  advt.  Treasurer's  notice,  2  folios,  28  times, 

less  1  time  oyercharged 19  60 

Total $2,543  15 


BOARD  OF  STAKE  AUDITOKS.  79 


Attorney  Oeneral 

The  State  of  Michigan. 

January  5,  1870. 
Wi  S.  George  &  Co., 

To  printing  case  for  Att'y  Gen'l,  First  National 

Bank  of  Sturgis  vs.  Wm.  M.  Watkins $6  00 

print  brief  for  Att'y  Gen'l,  Ender  r*.  The 

People 26  00 


January  37, 1870. 
Wm.  A.  Throop  &  Co., 

To  2  Beyntin  fasteners 50 

1  barometer  mucilage  stand 2  00 

1  M  envelopes 3  95 

1  qt  Arnold's  fluid 50 

2  gross  steel  pens ^ 2  00 

April  6, 1870. 
W,  S,  George  &  Co., 
To  406,768  ems.  comp'n  on  report  of  Att'y  Gen'l, 

fb  45c 183  04 

112  tokens  press-work  on  same,  ^  35c 34  20 

print  1  rm.  covers  for  same 3  40 

print  brief  for  Att'y  Gen'l  in  the  case  of  L. 

W.  Fisher  w.  The  People 7  00 

dry.  and  press.  2,400  signatures,  tt  4^ 1  08 

folding  same,  fD  5c I  20 

stitching  300  pamphlets 75 

cover  and  trim  same 3  00 

Amount  carried  forward 1274  62 

11 


80  ANNUAL    REPORT    OF  THR 

Attcfmey  Oeneral 

vs. 

TJie  State  of  Michigan, 

April  27,  1870, 

Amount  brought  forward _ $274  62 

WnL  A  Throop  &  Co., 

To  2  rms.  legal  cap,  a  $4  91 0  8:t 

1  glass  inkstand 2  50 

1  doz.  Faber's  bcxagon 1  00 

1  box  carmine t 84 

%  carmine  pencils 50 

2  pencil-sharpeners 50 

1  Congress  folder 1  25 

1  M  fasteners 3  00 

2  doB.  English  bands 1  00 

1    **    rubber  heads CO 


May  25,  1870. 
Dwight  May, 
To  expenses  to  Detroit  in  Pinden  escheat  case,  in 

Wayne  Co.  Circuit  Court,  It  R.  fare _  0  80 

hotel  bill 3  50 

express  charges  on  report 1  00 

''         35 

'*            "        on  briefs 35 

first  week  attendance  on  Sup.  Court,  R.  B.  fare,  6  80 

other  expenses -^ 10  75 

1  week  attendance  on  Sup.  Court,  R.  R.  fare,  C  80 

other  expenses 11  25 

expenses  in  Finden  escheat  case,  R.  R.  fare. .  6  80 

hotel 4  50 

paid  telegram  from  Pros.  Att'y  St  Clair  Co., 

in  Johr  case 120 

Amount  carried  forward $355  73 


BOABD  OF  STATE  AUDITORS.  81 

Attorney  Oeneral 

The  State  of  Michigan. 

July  6, 1870. 

Amount  brought  forward $355  73 

W.  S.  George  &  Co., 
To  print,  brief  for  Atf  y  Gen'l  in  case  of  the  Co. 
of  Houglitou  V8.  The  Com'r  of  State  Land 

Office 6  00 

print  brief  for  Att'y  Gen'l,  H.  B.  Hall  vs. 

The  People 8  00 

print  brief  for  Atf  y  Gen'l,  V.  Doylen  vs.  The 

People 6  00 

State  Treasurer, 

To  postage  for  use  in  this  office 30  00 

Wm.  A.  Throop  &  Co., 

To  1  rm.  note  heads :  7  00 

1  eraser 75 


October  6, 1870. 
W.  a  George  &  Co., 
To  print  brief  for  Att'y  Gen^,  First  National 
bank  of   Sturgis   vs.  Wul    M.   Watkins, 

Sheriff,  etc 15  00 

print  brief  for  Att'y  Genl,  R  G.  Parsons  vs. 
The  People 6  00 


October  26^  1870. 
Detroit  Bar  Library, 
To  rent  of  library  to  Att'y  Gen'l  for  one  year. . .  10  00 

fees  of  librarian  to  Jan  1, 1870 75 

Amount  carried  forward $445  23 

11 


82  ANNtTAL  RBPOBT  OF  THE 

Attorney  Cfeneral 

vs. 

The  Sbcute  of  Michigan. 

November  30,  1810. 

Amount  brought  forward $445  S3 

Dwight  May,  Att'y  Geu'l, 

To  paid  express  on  paper  from  Throop  &  Co.. . .  35 

''         ''      onbrieft 25 

"  <*  "       30 

IL  R.  fare  to  Detroit  and  return,  at  Oct.  term 

of  Supreme  Court 6  80 

expense  at  hotel 10  00 

paid  express  on  package  to  Governor 25 

Total $463  18 


boAbd  op  state  auditors.  83 


Supt.  of  Public  Instruction 

The  State  of  Michigan. 

January  6,  1870, 
W.  S.  George  &  Co., 

To  ruling  1  rm.  synopsis,  twice $1  00 

O-  B.  Stebbins, 

To  ^  rm.  crown  note  paper 1  50 

"     legalcap 3  63 

"     foolscap 3  62 

*•     letterpaper 3  13 

1  No.8  gold  pen 4  50 

paid  express  charges  on  reports^  etc.,  ten  items, 

from  July  7  to  Dec.  30,  1869 4  55 

Adyertiser  and  Tribune  Co., 

To  adv.  teachers'  institute  at  Houghton 3  00 

"          "               «         3  00 

Whitney  Jones,  P.  M., 

To  letter  postage 48 

paperpostage 1  22 

drawer 1  00 


April  6,  1870. 
W.  S.  George  &  Co., 

To  print.  3  rms.  teachers'  institute  circulars, 

spring  series 10  20 

print.  1  rm.  teachers' institute  circulars^  spring 

series 3  40 

print  list  of  Co.  superintendents 3  40 

"     5  rms.  certificates 17  00 

Amount  carried  forward ^ $64  63 


12  10 
6  90 
9  95 

15  25 
8  50 


M  AKNUAL  BEPOBT  OF  THE 

Supt'  of  PuMic  Instruction 

V8. 

The  State  of  Michigan. 

Amount  brought  forward $1,616  81 

O.  Hosford, 
To  exp.  in  visiting  Pinckney  on  official  business^  11  00 

"  ''       Detroit  « 

Saginaw  City  " 

Bay  City  '       " 

*^  ''        Niles  " 

"  "        Ann  Arbor,     " 

State  Treasurer, 

To  postage  for  use  in  this  office 4000 

S.  R  Greene, 

To56boxes 43  00 

W,  S.  George  &  Co., 

To  press,  and  trim.  7  rms.  inspectors'  reports 

ruling  7rm8.  3  times 

press,  and  trim.  42  rms.  director's  reports 

ruling  28  rms.,  twice 

dry.  and  press.  337,500  signs,  (report  of  Supt. 

Pub.  Inst.) 

folding  same 

print  42  rms.  blanks,  directors'  reports 

**       4    "     covers  for  report  of  Supt.  Pub. 

Inst - 13  60 

Pease  &  Smith, 

To  1  qt.  marking  ink ._ 1  25 

2  lbs.  binders' cord 1  50 

1  lb.  binders'  thread 3  00 


3 

15 

9 

4S 

18 

90 

25 

20 

151 

87 

168 

75 

226 

80 

July  6,  1870. 
W.  S.  George  &  Go., 

To  print.  "  Educational  Needs/' 5  00 

Amount  carried  forward $2,391  98 


BOARD  OF  STATB  AUOITOBS.  87 

• 

Swpt.  of  FuUio,  InstrueUon 

vs. 
The  StcUe  of  Michigan. 

Axnoaut  brought  forward $2,391  98 

Whitney  JoneSi  P.  M., 

To  letter  postage ^03 

paper      "      1  22 

drawer 1  00 

September  8, 1870. 
S.  B.  Qreene, 

To2boxe8 1  50 

W.  S.  George  ft  Co., 
To  print.  2  rms.  State  teachers'  institute  blanks, 

autumn  term 6  80 

print.  1  rm.  blanks ..^l  3  40 

"     5rms.    "     for  institute 17  00 

paper  for  printing  same 140 

print.  1  rm.  blanks,  institutes 3  40 

"     5  rms.  circulars 17  00 

paperfor  same.: 5  25 

binding  1  synopsis. 2  00 

October  5, 1870. 
W.  E.  Tunis, 

Tolruler... 1  25 

1  inkstand  and  ink 140 

1  roll  of  pins 10 

1  doz.  pencils 75 

0  penholders 30 

1  box  pens 25 

Amount  carried  forward 12^456  03 


88  AVKUAL  REPOBT  OF  THB 

Supt,  of  PuMic  InstructUm 

V8. 

The  State  of  Michigan. 

Amount  brought  forward $2,456  03 

W.  K  Tunis, 

To  1  pencil-sharpener 16 

1  doz.  rubber  heads 60 

2  doz.  bands 70 

1  paper-knife 75 

1  M  envelopes ._  400 

4  rms.  flat  letter,  0)  ♦4.80 19  20 

W.  S.  George  &  Co., 

To  binding  1  teachers'  certificate 50 

Whitney  Jones,  P.  M., 

To  letter  postage - 39 

paper       "      I  tt 

drawer 1  00 


October  26,  1870. 
Vf.  8.  George  &  Co., 

To  binding  94  vols,  teachers'  cert.,  ft  50c 47  06 

Dart  ft  Davis, 

To  repair,  stove,  new  body  and  lining 0  25 

6  papers  tacks 48 

liningstove 3  00 

41  lbs.  Bussia  pipe,  ft  22c _  0  0? 

1  Russia  elbow 60 

putting  up  stove 2  50 

S.  R.  Greene, 

Tol  box 60 

P.  R.  Stebbins, 

To  36  yds,  carpet,  ft  $1.62^c 58  35 

34    **        "       lining,  ft  5c 175 

making     **       foroflSce..  _ 2  65 

Amount  carried  forward (2,610  74 


BOARD  OF  fiTTATB  AITDIT0B6.  89 

Supt.  of  PiMic  Instruction 

The  State  of  Michigan, 

November  30,  1870. 

Amount  brought  forward $2,61d  74 

W.  K  Tunis, 

To  2  M  amber  envelopes,  No.  5, 0  $3.50 7  00 

DanT  W.  Buck, 

To  6  bent  rim  office  chairs  (cane  seat),  fl  M.50.  -  "Zl  00 

T.  E.  Doughty, 

To  3  qt  bottles  Arnold's  fluid,  O  80c 2  40 

1  letter  book 2  75 

1  brush 65 

C.  B.  Stebbins,  Dep.  Supt  Pub.  Inst, 

To  paid  for  twine  for  office 30 

map  of  U.  S.  and  world,  for  office 1  00 

freight  on  carpet 75 

express  on  reports  and  books,  as  follows,  to  wit : 

April  9,  to  Olivet $      25 

**   16,  to  Chicago 4(1 

"    '•   to  Olivet 25 

Sept.  9,  to  Charlotte 25 

Nov.  5.  from  Allegan 30 

'*    5,    **      Charlotte 25 

•'    9,    •*      Adrian 50 

•'  12,    **      Ann  Arbor 25 

"17,    "      Monroe 50 

'*  11,    -'      Saginaw 40 

'•28,    ••  *• 40 

3  75 


ti« 


FotaJ $2,659  34 

12 


state  Library 

The  State  of  Michigan. 

January  5, 1870. 
E.  B.  Millar  &  Co., 

To  2  brooms,  CD  75c  tl  50 

%  bars  soap 35 

Earl  &  Fuller, 

To  4  gals,  kerosene  oil,  a  45c 1  80 

%  lamp  chimneys 20 

A.  M,  U.  Ex.  Co., 

To  express  charges  from  Oct.  6  to  Dec.  31, 1869,  19  99 

Whitney  Jones,  P.  M., 

To  paper  postage 1  22 

drawer 1  00 


February  2S,  1870. 
W.  S.  George  &  Co., 

To  bind.  1  vol.  Ohio  reports,  full  leather 1  50 

"    1  Byron,  i  Russia 1  50 

"    8  magazines 1 10  00 

**    30  session  laws,  vols.  2  and  3,  full  leather,  30  00 

repairing  4  books 1  00 

Htate  Treasurer, 

To  postage  for  State  Library 10  00 


April  6, 1870. 
W.  S.  George  &  Co., 

To  bind.  3  books 3  75 

"     11  vols.  Boll  of  Honor,  a  $1.50 16  50 

Amount  carried  forward $100  31 


92  AKKUAL  RBPORT  OF  THK 

State  Library 

V8, 

The  State  of  Michigan. 

Amount  brought  forward $100  31 

W.  S.  George  &  Co., 

To  bind.  1  Law  Begister 160 

"     1  "PolarSeas/' 1  50 

"     4"Carlyle,"  etc 4  00 

"     5  "  Kane,"  "  Dickens,"  etc.,  n  $1.25 6  26 

"     1  "Plutarch," 1  26 

repairing  1  "  Queen  of  England," 2o 

A.  M.  U.  Ex.  Co., 

To  exp.  charges  from  Jan.  15  to  March  28, 1870,  12  «0 
Whitney  Jonea,  P.  M., 

To  letter  postage 28 

paper      *'       122 

drawer : 1  00 


April  27,  1810. 
Daily  Post  Co., 
To  daily  Post  from  March  28, 1870,  to  March  27, 

1871 10  00 


May  SS,  1870. 
A.  M.  U.  Ex.  Co., 
To  exp.  charges  from  March  31  to  May  24, 1870,  28  97 


July  6,  1870. 
W.  S.  George  &  Co., 
To  print.  2,000  envelopes 3  00 


Amount  carried  forward ._       $172  18 


BOARD   OP  STATE  AUDITOfiH.  93 

State  Library 

The  State  of  Michigan, 

Amount  brought  forward tl72  13 

W.  S.  George  &  Co., 

To  bind.  2  vols.  Free  Press 5  00 

"     2    "     Tribune 5  00 

''     3    "     Post COO 

State  Treasurer,  • 

To  postage  for  use  of  office _.  10  00 

Whitney  Jones,  P.  M., 

To  paper  postage 

drawer 

Wm.  A.  Throop  ft  Oo., 

To  1  doz.  Arnold's  ink 

3  lbs.  twine 

3  "    elm  flax 

6  "      «      "  large 

2  rms.  file  paper 

iM  enyelopes 


i" 

u 

1  •• 

t. 

1  « 

u 

3  ** 

*4 

1  22 

1  00 

5  95 

2  25 

1  35 

2  40 

26  00 

3  00 

2  00 

4  05 

3  90 

12  00 

July  27 y  1870. 
W.  &  George  ft  Co., 

To  bind.  10  vols,  magazines 12  50 

3    «     "Post,'*  "Tribune,'' and  "Free 

Press" __.  7  50 

A.  M.  U.  Ex.  Co., 

To  express  charges  from  May  26  to  July  30, 1870,  13  50 


Amount  carried  forward $296  75 


94  ANNUAL   RBPOBT  OF  THE 

State  Library 

The  State  of  Michigan. 

September  8, 1870. 

Amount  brought  forward $296  75 

W.  E.  Tunis, 
To  1  qt.  mucilage : 1  50 


October  5,  1870. 
A.  M.  U.  Ex.  Co., 

To  exp.  charges  from  Aug.  1  to  Oct.  1, 1870 10  75 

W.  S.  George  ft  Co., 

To  bindings  copies  Land  Office  Laws,  full  leather,  5  00 

Whitney  Jones,  P.  M., 

To  paper  postage 1  22 

drawer 1  00 


October  m,  1870. 
W.  S.  George  ft  Co., 
To  binding  15  Session  Laws,  full  leather  covers. 

1870 11  25 


November  30, 1870, 
^\.  S.  George  ft  Co., 
To  printing  figures  for  book-cases,  on  thick  pho- 
tograph board,  181  changes  of  form 18  10 

I'egister 2  50 

A.  M.  U.  Ex.  Co., 

To  exp.  services  from  Oct.  15  to  Nov.  30,  1870- .  8  80 

8.  R  Greene, 
To  work  and  repairs  State  Library 2  50 

Total t359  37 


BOABD  OP  STATE   AUDITORS.  95 


t^wamp  Laiid'  State  Rood  Commissioner 

vs. 
The  State  of  Michigan, 

January  27, 1870. 
State  Treasurer, 
To  postage  for  S.  L.  S.  B.  Com'r  s  office  for  Jan'y,  $6  00 

revenue  stamps  for  S.  L.  S.  R  ComVs  office, 
for  stamping  certificates 12  00 


April  6, 1870. 
State  Treasurer, 
Topostage 9  00 


April  27,  1870. 
D.  W.  Buck, 

To  2  office  chairs 6  50 

W.  S.  George  &  Ca, 

To  print,  1  nn.  acceptances  by  local  com'rs 5  40 

paperforsame 2  25 


May  2oy  1870. 
L.  B.  Curtis, 

To  hotel  bill  at  Lansing,  $6.50 ;  fare  home,  ♦2.20,  8  70 

expenses  to  Bay  City  and  back 2  15 

fare  to  Lansing 2  20 

hotel  bill  at  Lansing,  $9.00 ;  fare  to  Saginaw,  ^ 

$2.20 11  20 

fare  to  Lansing 2  20 

Amount  carried  forward $67  60 


9^  AitfHUAL  BBPOAT  OP  TUB 

Swamp  Land  State  Hood  Commissioner 

vs. 
TJie  State  of  Micfii£an. 

Amount  brought  forward  . -  #67  €0 

L.  B.  Curtis, 

To  hotel  bill  at  Lansing,  $4.50 ;  fare  home,  $2J^0,  «  n» 

fare  to  Lansing "i^ 

hotel  bill  at  Lansing,  $6X0 ;  fare  home,  $2.20,  8  fO 

fare  to  Lansing .  ^20 

hotel  bill  at  Lansing _  3(X) 

expenses  to  Bay  City  and  back 2  15 

dinner  and  horse  feed _  100 

hotel  bill  at  Casson  City,  $2.75 ;  livery  team 

2days,  $8.00 10  75 

expenses  to  Midland  and  back "3  30 

"=       to  Vassar  *•       $2.15 ;  livery  1 

day,  $4.00 0  15 

fare  to  Lansing t  20 

hotel  bill  at  Lansing,  $5.50 ;  fare  to  Saginaw, 

$2.20 7  70 

expenses  to  Bay  City  and  back 2  15 

fare  to  Detroit 3  53 

hotel  bill  at  Detroit,  $6.00 ;  fare  to  Glen  Arbor, 

$7.40 13  40 

horse  hire  to  send  for  local  com'r 5  00 

hotel  bill  at  Glen  Arbor,  $4.00;  dinner  and 

horse  feed,  $1.00-- 5  00 

hotel  bill  at  Frankfort,  $2.50;  dinner  and 

horse  feed,  $1.00 3  50 

horse  hire  2  days,  $5.00 ;  paid  boatman  from 

Glen  Arbor  to  Glen  Haven,  $1.00 C  00 

hotel  bill  at  Glen  Haven,  $2.00 ;  fare  to  De- 

troit,  $7.40 - 9  40 

hotel  bill  at  Detroit,  $1.00 ;  fare  home,  $3J)3,  4  53 


Amount  carried  forward - .        $1 74  66 


BOARD   OF  STATE   AUDITORS.  97 

Swamp  Land  State  Road  Commissioner 

vs. 
The  State  of  Michigan, 

Amount  brought  forwai*d $174  <JG 

Tj.  B.  Curtis, 

To  dinner  and  horse  feed,  -$1.00 ;  hotel  bill  at  St. 

Loms,$3.25 4  25 

dinner  and  horse  feed,  $1.00;  hotel  bill  at 

Stanton,  $2.50 3  50 

repairs  on  buggy,  $2.25 ;  dinner  and  feed,  85e,  3  10 

bill  N.  of  Stanton,  $2.40;  dinner  and  feed, 

$1.00 3  40 

To  bill  at  farm-house,  $2.25  ;  dinner  and  feed,  90c,  3  15 

''  $2.00;        "  '•     $1.00,  3  00 

•'  St.  Louis,  $3.00;  repairs  on  buggy,  $1.25,  4  25 

team  and  baggy,  7  days,  ®  $4.00 28  00 

fare  to  Lansing 2  20 

paid  for  telegraphing  since  Dec.  1,  1869 7  30 

W.  S.  George  &  Co., 

To  printing  1  rm.  paper 5  40 

press,  and  trim.  2  rms.  paper 90 

ruling  2  rms.  paper,  6  times 5  40 

folding  and  stitching  2  rms,  paper 1  50 

ruling  1  rm.  rough,  4  times 1  80 

trim,  and  press.  1  rm.  rough 45 

"  "  1  rm.  accpt.  of  local  com 45 

J.  M.  Cook, 

To  expense  in  looking  after  Rogue  River  im-- 
provement  job,  and  Wartrous's  contract  on 
Muskegon  and  Cedar  Springs  State  road,  by 
direction  of  Com.  Curtis,  viz : 
livery  hire,  $4.50;  hotel  bill,  3  days,  $6.00...  10  50 

Amount  carried  forward $263  21 

13 


98  ANNUAL   REPORT  OF  THE 

Sivamp  Land  State  Road  Commissioner 

vs. 
The  State  of  Michigan. 

July  6y  1870. 

Amount  brought  forward $263  21 

L.  B.  Curtis, 
To  hotel  bill  at  Lansing,  $6.50 ;  B.  R.  fare  home, 

$2.20 8  TO 

faro  to  Biy  City  and  baok,  $1.66;  dinner  at 

Bay  City,  75e 2  41 

fare  to  Grand  Bapids 4  30 

hotel  bill  at  Grand  Rapids,  $2.50 ;  livery  team 

1  day,  $5.00 7  50 

hotel  bill  at  Grand  Rapids,  $2.50 ;  dinner,  and 

fare  home,  $5.05 7  55 

toll  on  plank  road,  28c.;  dinner  and  horse  feed, 

$1.00 --. 1  28 

hotel  bill  at  Clio,  $2.75 ;  toll  on  plank  road, 

28e.;  team  two  days,  $8.00 11  03 

fare  to  Lansing 2  20 

hotel  bill  at  Lansing,  $2.50 ;  fare  to  Adrian, 

$3.25  ;  dinner  at  Jackson,  75c 6  50 

fare  to  Blissfield,  $1.10 ;  hotel  bill  at  Adrian, 

$2.25;  team,  $5.00 8  35 

hotel  bill  at  Blissfield,  $2.00 ;  fare  to  Detroit, 

$3.25;  dinner,  75c 6  00 

hotel  bill  at  Detroit,  $7.50  ;  fare  home,  $3.53,  11  03 

fare  to  Midland  and  back,  $1.56 ;  livery,  $3.00 ; 

dinner  at  Midland,  50c 5  06 

paid  toll,  40c.;  dinner  and  horse  feed  at  Bridge- 
port, $1.00 1  40 

hotel  bill  at  Tuscola,  $3.25,  dinner  and  horse 

feed  at  Vassar,  $1.00 4  25 

hotel  bill  at  Watrousville,  $3.00;  team  at  XJnion- 

Tille,$2.50 5  50 

Amount  carried  forward $356  27 


• 


BO  ABB  OF  STATE  AUDITORS.  09 

Sioantp  Land  State  Road  Commissioner 

vs. 
The  State  of  Michigan. 

Amount  brought  forward MSG  27 

Jj.  B.  Curtis, 

To  hotel  bill  at  Unionville,  $5.50,  repairs   on 

buggy,$3.00 8  50 

hotel  bill  at  Wild  Fowl  Bay,  $3.25 :  team  at 

Port  Austin,  $3.00 6  25 

hotel  bill  at  Port  Austin,  $3.50 ;  dinner  and 

feed,$1.10 ---  4  CO 

team  at  Forestville,  $5.00 ;  hotel  bill,  $4.25.  -  9  25 

«     "  Lexington i...  4  00 

hotel  bill  at  Ijexington,  $6.00;  shoemg  horses, 

$1.75 ;  repair  on  buggy,  $1.25 9  00 

dinner  and  horse  feed 100   • 

hotel  bill  at  Vassar,  $3.25 ;  toll  on  road  and 

bridge,92c _ 4  17 

team  and  buggy  10  days,  0  $4.00 40  00 

toll  on  road 100 

hotel  bill  at  St.  Tjouis,  $3.50 ;  dinner  and  feed, 

$1.00 : 4  50 

liyery  at  Stanton,  $3.00;  repairs  on  buggy,    ^ 

$1.00 4  00 

hotel  bill  at  Stanton,  $3.00;  dinner  and  feed, 

$1.00 ^ 4  00 

bill  at  farm  house,  $2.50;  dinner  and  feed, 

$1.00 3  50 

bill  at  farm  house,  $2.50;  dinner  and  feed, 

$1.00 3  50 

repairs  on  buggy 1  50 

hotel  bill,  $3.50 ;  dinner  and  feed,  $1.00 ;  toll 

on  road,  $1.00 5  50 

team  and  buggy  C  days,  0  $4.00 24  00 

fare  to  Lansing _ 2  20 

Amount  carried  forward $496  74 


■X  •. 


100  ANNUAL  REPORT  OF  THE 

Sivamp  Land  State  Road  ComTnissioner 

vs. 
The  State  of  Michigan, 

Amount  brought  forward $49G  74 

W.  S.  George  &  Co., 

To  print.  1,500  envelopes 3  00 

"      1  rm.  letter  heads 3  40 

paper  for  same 2  75 

State  Treasurer, 

To  postage  for  use  of  office 9  00 

Wm.  A.  Throop  &  Co., 

To  2  rms.  letter-heads  (lith.),  ^  $10.00 20  00 


Jithj  27y  1870. 
L.  B.  Curtis, 
To  cash  paid  hotel  bill  at  Lansing,  $5.50 ;  faix) 

home,  $2.20 7  70 

toll  on  plank  road,  $1.12;  dinner  and  horse 

feed,  $1.00 2  12 

hotel  bill  at  Bay  City,  $3.50;  tolls,  $1.12; 

horse  and  buggy  2  days,  $8.00 12  62 

tolls  to  Bay  City,  $1.12;  dinner  and  horse  feed, 

$1.00 2  12 

hotel  bill  at  Bay  City,  $3.50 ;  dinner  and  horse 

feed,  $1.10 4  60 

hotel  bill  at  Rifle  Eiver,  $3.75;  dinner  and 

horse  feed,  $1.15 4  90 

ferriage  across  Rifle  River  and  expenses  get- 
ting scow ^ o  00 

hotel  bill  at  Au  Sauble,  $3.25 ;  do.  at  Ilarri- 

sonville,  $3.00 C  25 

fare  to  Alpena  and  freight  on  team 600 

Amount  carried  forward $586  20 


BOARD   OF  STATE   AUDITORS.  101 

Swamp  Land  State  Road  Comviissioiier 

vs. 
The  State  of  Michigan. 

Amount  brought  forward $586  20 

L.  B.  Curtis, 

To  hotel  bill  at  Alpena,  83.25 ;  fare  to  Cheboygan. 

83.25 6  50 

keeping  team  till  it  could  be  sent  to  Saginaw,  5  00 

hotel  bill  at  Cheboygan,  $3.00 ;  fare  to  Conk- 

lin's,  81.00 4  00 

fare  to  Mackinac 1  00 

fare  to  Detroit,  87.00;  hotel  bill  at  Mackinac, 

83.00 10  00 

hotel  bill  at  Detroit,  $1.50;  fare  home,  83.53,  5  03 

charges  on  horse  and  buggy  home 12  00 

team  and  buggy,  9  days,  to  84.00 36  00 

fare  to  Lansing 2  20 


Scpternher  S\  1S70. 
State  Treasurer, 

To  postage  for  use  in  office 0  00 


W.  8.  George  &  Co., 


To  bind  2  booktJ,  staicmQut  of  swamp  land  in  U. 

andL.P 5  00 


October  J,  1870, 
L.  B.  Curl  is, 

To  hotel  bill  at  Lansing,  85.00 ;  fare  home,  82.20,  T  20 

dinner  and  horse  feed  at  Midland,  81.00;  hotel 

bill  at  Chippewa,  82.75 3  75 


Amount  carried  forward 8092  88 


102  ANKCTAL   REPORT   OF  THE 

Swamp  Land  State  Hood  CoTmnissioner 

vs. 
The  State  of  Michigan. 

Amount  brought  forward $692  88 

L.  B.  Curtis, 

To  dinner  and  horse  feed 1  10 

hotel  bill  at  Midland,  12.75 ;  dinner  and  horse 

feed,$1.00 3  75 

hotel  bill  at  Sixteen,  $2.75 ;  dinner  and  horse 

feed,tl.00 3  75 

hotel  bill  at  Freeland's,  $2.50;  livery  bill  5  days, 

$20.00 22  50 

fare  to  Detroit 3  53 

hotel  bUl  at  Detroit „  3  00 

fare  to  Port  Huron,  $2.50 ;  livery  bill,  $3.00.  5  50 

hotel  bill  at  Pt.  Huron,  $2.50;  fare  to  Detroit, 

$2.50. „- 5  00 

hotel  bill  at  Detroit,  $3.00 ;  fare  home,  $3.53,  6  53 

toll  on  plank  road  to  St.  Louis,  $1.00 1  00 

hotel  bill  at  St.  Louis 3  50 

dinner  and  feed  at  Shafer's,  $1.00;  livery  at 

Stanton,  $3.00 4  00 

hotel  bill  at  Stanton,  $3.50 ;  dinner  and  feed 

at  farm  house,  75c 4  25 

hotel  bill  at  Stanton,  $2.75 ;  dinner  and  feed 

$1.00 3  75 

bill  at  farm  house,  $2.50;   dinner  and  feed 

$1.00 ;  mend,  buggy,  $3.25 6  75 

hotel  bill  at  Mt.  Pleasant,  $2.75;  mending 

whiffletrees,  $1.50 4  25 

dinner  and  feed  at  Salt  River 1  00 

hotel  bill  at  St  Louis,  $3.25 ;  dinner  and  feed, 

$1.00;  toll  on  road,  $1.00 5  25 

""^   livery  bill  7  days,  f^  $4.00 28  00 

Amount  carried  forward $809  29 


BOARD   OF  STATE   AUDITORS.  103 

Swamp  Land  State  Roa^  Convmissioner 

vs. 
The  State  of  Michigan. 

Amount  brought  forward $809  29 

L.  B.  Curtis, 

To  fare  to  Lansing,  $2.20 ;  hotel  bill,  $5.00 ;  fare 

home,$2.20 9  40 

freight  on  horse  and  buggy,  to  Pere  Marquette 

R.R 12  50 

fare  on  road 1  50 

hotel  bill  at  MerrilFs,  $2.50;  dinner,  $1.00..  3  50 
bill  at  R.  R.  camp,  $3.00 ;  dinner  and  horse 

feed,  $1.00 4  00 

bill  at  farm  house,  $2.00;  repairs  on  buggy, 

$4.00 - 6  00 

bill  at  farm  house,  $2.25 ;  dinner  and  feed  at 

Stanton,  $1.10 3  35 

bill  at  Ionia,  $2.75 ;  fare  to  Owosso,  $1.80 4  55 

*^    "  Owosso,  $2.00 ;  fare  to  Lansing,  $1.10.  3  10 

"    "  Lansing 2  50 

fare  to  Ionia 1  50 

bill  at  Ionia  for  self,  and  keeping  team  9  days,  12  50 
dinner  and  horse  feed  at  Greenville,  $1.25; 

repairs  on  buggy,  $2.00 3  25 

hotel  bill  at  Lake  View 2  50 

dinnerand  feed 1  00 

hotel  bill  at  Big  Rapids,  $5.00 ;  dinner  and 

feed,$1.00 6  00 

bill  at  farm  house,  $2.50;  repairs  on  buggy, 

75c.;  dinner  at  Mt  Pleasant,  $1.00 4  25. 

hotel  bill  at  St.  Louis,  $3.25;  shoeing  horses, 

$1.00;  toll  on  road, $1.00 5  25 

livery  bill  17  days,  fl  $4.00 68  00^ 

fare  to  Lansing 2  20 

Amount  carried  forward $966  14 


104 


ANXUAL   REPORT   OF  THE 


Swamp  Land  State  Road  Commisslofter 

vs. 
The  State  of  Michigan, 

Amount  brought  forward $06()  14 

State  Treasurer, 

To  postage  for  use  in  office 900 

W.  S.  George  &  Co., 

To  print.  1  rm.  certificate  to  Auditor  General-..  5  40 

paperxfor  same 1  To 

binding  25  copies  Road  and  Land  Laws  (full 

leather) 25  00 

press,  and  trim.  1  rm.  certificate 45 


October  20,  1870. 


J.  M.  Cook, 

To  expenses  for  self  and  team 


(( 


(( 


a 


ti 


a 


wagon  repairs 

bill  at  Traverse  Citv 


Expenses  for 


self  and  team 


11.  R.  fare  and  board 

expenses  for  self 

R.  R,  fare 

use  of  team  11  days,  ((  84.00  per  day 

R.  R.  fare  to  Lansing 

1>oard  1  day --. 


4  00 

4  00 

5  00 
5  00 

3  00 

4  00 

4  00 

5  00 

3  00 
5  00 

4  50 

1  20 
■2  00 

2  15 
44  00 

5  05 
2  50 


Amount  carried  forward $1,115  04 


IJOARD   OF   8TATK   AUDITOKS.  105 

Sivamp  Land  State  lioad  Coimnissioner 

vs. 
The  State  of  Miekigan, 

Amount  brought  forward $1,115  04 

L.  B.  Curtis, 

To  hotel  bill  at  Lansing,  ^5.50;  fare  to  Saginaw, 

$2.20 _ - 7  70 

tolls  to  Vassar,  92c.;  hotel  bill  at  Vassar  $3.25,  4  17 

"    to  Saginaw,  92c.;  livery  2  days,  88.00 8  92 

'•    to  St.  Louis,  $1.00 ;  dinner  and  horse  feed, 

$1.00 2  00 

liotel  bill  at  St.  Louis,  $3.50;  shoeing  horse, 

75c.;  dinner  and  feed  at  Stanton,  $1.15 5  40 

hotel  bill  at  Greenville,  $3.25 ;  mend,  buggy, 

$1.25 ;  dinner  and  feed,  $1.00 5  50 

hotel  bill  at  Oazenovia,  $3.00;  dinner  and  feed, 

$1.00 - 4  00 

bill  at  farm  house,  $2.50 ;  dinner  and  feed  $  1.00,  3  50 

liotel  bill  at  Dayton,  $2.75 ;  dinner  and  feed, 

$1.00 3  75 

hotel  bill  at  Cazenovia,  $3.00 ;  dinner  and  feed, 

$1.00 4  00 

hotel  bill  at  Greenville,  $3.50 ;  dinner  and  feed, 

$1.10 4  60 

liotel  bill  at  Carson   City,   83.00;   mending 

^i^ggy>  ^2.25 5  25 

dinner  and  feed,  $1.50  ;  livery  to  Alma,  SG.OO,  7  50 

hotel  bill  at  Ithaca,  $"4.00 ;  dinner  and  feed, 

§1.50 _ 5  50 

liverv  bill  from  AlntU  to  Ovid 15  50 

**      '•     Ovid  to  Laingsburgh 4  00 

fare  from  Laingslmrgh  to  Lansing,  75c 75 

team  and  buggy  10  days 40  00 

Amount  carried  forward $1,247  08 

14 


lOG  ANNUAL  REPORT  OF  THE 

Swairvp  Land  St<Ue  Rodd  Commissioner 

vs. 
The^tate  of  Midvigan. 

November  80,  1870. 

Amount  brought  forward ♦! ,247  08 

J.  M.  Cook, 

To  bill  at  Lansing 

"    "   Grand  Bapids 

R.  R.  fare  from  Lansing  to  Big  Bapids 

dinner,  self  and  horses 

over  night,  self  and  horses 

dinner, 

over  night, 

dinner, 

over  night, 

dinner, 

over  night, 

dinner, 

use  of  horses  4  days,  it  14.00 


&k 


*k 


2 

00 

1 

50 

4  00 

1 

50 

2 

50 

1 

50 

2  50 

1 

00 

3 

00 

1 

25 

2 

50 

1 

00 

6 

00 

Total $1,286  33 


BOARD  OF  STATE   AUDITORS.  107    ' 


Upver  Peninsula  S.  L.  S.  R,  Cormnissioner 

vs. 
The  State  of  Michigan. 

February  23y  1870. 
Daniel  G.  Case, 
To  salary  as  clerk  to  the  U.  P.  S.  L.  S.  R.  Com'r, 
under  act  155,  of  1869,  for  the  month  of  Dec, 
1869 $33  33 


April  6,  1870. 
Daniel  6.  Case, 
To  services  as  clerk  to  Peter  Mitchell,  under  act 

155,  of  1869,  from  June  17  to  June  30.. . .  15  26 

services  as  clerk  to  Peter  Mitchell,  under  act 

155,  of  1869,  for  the  month  of  July 33  33 

services  as  clerk  to  Peter  Mitchell,  under  act 

155,  of  1869,  for  the  month  of  August. . . .  33  33 


April  27,  1870. 
Daniel  G.  Case, 

To  services  as  clerk  under  act  155,  of  1869,  for 

the  month  of  January,  1870 33  33 

services  as  clerk  under  act  155,  of  18G9,  for 

the  month  of  February,  1870 33  33 

services  as  clerk  under  act  155,  of  1869,  for 
the  month  of  March 33  33 

Amount  carried  forward $215  24 


y 


lOS  ANNUAL   KEPOKT  OF  TUE 

Upper  PcninsuZa  S.  L,  S.  JR.  Commissioner 

vs. 
The  State  of  Michigan. 

July  6,  1870, 

Amount  brought  forward $215  24 

Daniel  G.  Case, 
To  services  as  clerk  under  act  155,  of  1869,  for 

the  month  of  April,  1870 33  33 

iservices  as  clerk  under  act  155,  of  1869,  for 

the  month  of  May,  1870 33  33 

services  as  clerk  under  act  155,  of  1869,  for 

the  month  of  June,  1870 33  33 

September  8,  1870. 
Peter  Mitchell, 

To  postoffice  stamps  for  office _  1  Ck' 

fare  to  Eagle  Harbor 4  Of' 

bill  at  Eagle  Harbor _ 1  tn' 

"     Eagle  Kiver 7  (Ki 

fare  to  Ontonagon _ ,  4  (Kt 

expenses  on  Mineral  Range  road 5  5<' 

postoffice  stamps  for  office 1(m' 

^\.  p.  Cash, 

To  services  as  clerk  to  Peter  Mitchell,  U,  P.  S.  L. 
S.  R.  Com'r,  under  act  155,  of  I860,  for  the 
months  of  Julv  and  Au^^ust «;<^  r,*; 


Xovcmbcr  30.  1870. 
W.  P.  Cash. 
To  services  as  clerk  to  Peter  Mitchell,  Com'r, 
under  act   155,  of  1869,  for  September  and 
October 00  6: 


Amount  carried  forward $472  (^ 


BOARD   OF  STATE  AUDITORS.  109 

Upper  Feninsula  S,  L,  S,  R.  CoTmnissioner 

vs. 
The  State  of  Michigan. 

Amount  brought  forward §472  06 

Peter  Mitchell, 

To  fare  to  Houghton 7  00 

dinner 75 

bill  at  Houghton 2  00 

fare  to  Marquette 4  00 

billat         " 1  00 

fare  to  Negaunee 60 

Peter  Mitchell, 

To  bill  at  Negaunec 75 

fare  to  Escanaba 3  00 

**     Menominee 3  00 

meals  and  berth 2  00 

bill  at  Menominee 3  00 

dinner 75 

fare  to  Escanaba 3  00 

"      Negaunee 3  00 

billat           "         2  00 

fare  to  Marquette 60 

"     Houghton 4  00 

billat         "         4  50 

fare  to  Ontonagon,  and  meals 8  00 

postage  for  the  months  of  Sept.  and  Oct 131 

Total $526  32 


Supreme  Court 

V8. 

The  State  of  Michigan. 

January  5,  1870, 
George  L.  Pease, 

Tostationery $3  70 

W.  S.  George  &  Co., 
To  printing  Supreme  Court   Docket,  January 

term,  1870 40  00 


July  27,  1870. 
W.  S.  George  &  Co., 
To  printing  Supreme  Court  Docket,  July  term..  40  00 


October  26,  1870. 
Richmonds  &  Backus, 
To  paper  bought  for  use  of  Supreme  Court,  as 

per  accompanying  voucher 19  50 

Total 

Total $103  20 


Eeform  Sohool 

V8. 

The  State  of  Michigan. 

January  27,  1870. 
Keform  School, 

To  expenses  as  per  voucher  No.  4 $1,126  95 

''  "  "         "119 2,000  00 

«  «  '*         "  120 2,000  00 

W.  S.  George  &  Co., 
To  140,276  ems  comp*  on  report  of  the  Board  of 

Control  of  the  Reform  School,  Hi  45c 63  21 

81  tokens  press-work  on  same,  CD  35c 28  35 

print  5  rms.  covers  for  same 10  00 


February  23, 1870. 
W.  S.  George  &  Co., 

To  press,  and  dry.  18,000  signatures,  fD  4|c 8  10 

folding  18,000  signatures,  ©  5c 9  00 

stitching  2,000  pamphlets,  CD  20c 4  00 

cover,  and  tnm.  2,000  pamphlets 20  00 


April  6,  1870. 
Reform  School, 

To  expenses  as  per  voucher  No.  121 2,000  00 

"  "  "  «    122 2,000  00 

"  "  **  "    123 2,000  00 

"  "  "  "    124 2,000  00 

Amount  carried  forward - $13,269  61 

15 


114  ANNUAL  REPORT  OF  THE 

Reform  School 

V8. 

The  State  of  MicJiigan. 

May  25,  1870. 

Amount  brought  forward $13,369  61 

Beform  School, 

To  expenses  as  per  roucher  No.  125 2,000  00 

*'  «  ''         "    126 2,000  00 

''  «  "  "    127 2,000  00 

«  «  "    128 2,000  00 


July  6y  1870, 
Reform  School, 

To  expenses  as  per  voucher  No.    1 3,000  00 

«  ''  ''         "131 2,000  00 


July  27y  1870. 
Beform  School, 

To  expendes  as  per  voucher  Nos.  129  and  130 4.000  00 

''  «  «  "    132 2,000  00 

"  «  "  **    133 2,000  00 


August  S,  1870. 
Beform  School, 
To  expenses  as  per  voucher  No,  5. 4,000  00 


September  <9, 1870. 
Beform  School, 

To  expenses  as  per  voucher  No.    1 500  00 

"  «  «         "134 2,000  00 

Amount  carried  forward $40,769  61 


BOARD  OF  STATE  AUDITOKS.  115 

Be  farm,  ScTiacl 

V8. 

The  State  of  Michigan. 

October  26, 1870. 

Amount  brought  forward $40,769  61 

Boform  School, 

To  expenses  as  per  voucher  No.    6 2,000  00 

"135 2,000  00 

"  136 2,000  00 

"137 2,000  00 


November  SO,  1870. 
Reform  School, 

To  exjienses  as  per  voucher  No.  138 2,000  00 

"  «  "         "    139 1,000  00 

Total ♦61,769  61 


Stdte  Prison 

V8. 

The  Stcute  of  Michigan, 

April  6y  1870. 
W.  S.  George  &  Co., 

To  158,622  ems  comp.  on  report  of  Prison  Inspec- 
tor, €D  45c $71  37 

110  tokens  press-work  on  same,  ^  35c 38  50 

print.  2  rms.  covers  for  same 6  80 

dry.  and  press,  5,000  sigs.,  G)  4Jc 2  25 

folding  5,000  sigs.,  0  5c 2  50 

stitching  500  pamphlets,  ®  25c 1  25 

cover,  and  trim.  500  pamphlets 5  00 

Total $127  67 


Agricultural  College 

vs. 

The  State  of  Michigan, 

April  27, 1870. 

W.  S.  George  &  Co., 

To  cash  paid  for  electrotyping  plates  for  report  of 

State  Board  of  Agriculture $1  60 

cash  paid  express  charges  on  same 76 


July  27, 1870. 
W.  S.  Gteorge  &  Co., 

To  dry.  and  press.  420,000  sigs.,  report  Sec^y  of 

Board  of  Agriculture,  tJ  4^0 1  89 

foldingsame 2  10 


September  8, 1870. 
W.  S.  George  &  Co., 

To  1,639,668  ems  comp.  on  report  of  Sec^y  of 

Board  of  Agriculture,  1869,  0  45c 737  79 

2,080  tokens  press-work  on  same,  Ql  36c 728  00 

binding  3,000  reports  Sec'y  Board  of  Agri- 
culture, full  cloth,  CD  35c 1,060  00 

binding  3,000  reports  Sec'y  Board  of  Agricul- 
ture, full  cloth,  fH  35c - 1,050  00 

Total $3,672  13 


state  of  Michigan, 

The  State  of  Michigan. 

December  7,  1869. 
E.  S.  Porter, 

To  services  as  See'y  of  Board  of  State  Auditors 

for  the  month  of  December 133  33 

services  as  clerk  of  the  Board  of  Control  for 

the  months  of  Sept.,  Oct.,  Nov.,  and  Dec., 

Q)  150.00  per  annum 16  64 


January  S,  1870, 
O.  L.  Spaulding, 

To  expenses  to  Detroit  by  direction  of  Board  of 

Escheats,  relative  to  Finden  estate 11  85 

W.  S.  George  &  Co., 

To  balance  of  comp.  on  School  Lands,  116,658 

em8,^45c.-  62  49 

print.  6  stationery  bills,  1870  and  1871 4  00 

binding  1,000  Joint  Documents,  O  33c 330  00 

"       17,000  School  Laws,  e  32c 5,440  00 

"       300  "  "    i  Morocco,  extra 

binding 15  00 

dry.  and  press.  1,062,000  sigs.,  Morocco,  tH  5c.,  531  00 

folding  1,062,000  sigs.,  Morocco,  «)  5c 531  00 

binding  9,000,  vol.  2,  Session  Laws,  0)  35c.- .  3,150  00 

dry.  and  press.  1,026,000  sigs.,  tl  5c 513  00 

folding  1,026,000  sigs.,  U  5c 513  00 

binding  9,000  Session  Laws,  vol.  3 3,160  00 

Amount  carried  forward 114,291  31 

16 


122  ANNUAL  BEPOBT  OF  THE 

State  of  Michigan. 

V8. 

The  State  of  Michigan, 

Amount  brought  forward 914,291  31 

John  A.  Kerr  &  Co., 

To  rent  of  building  for  storing  books,  from  May 

1, 1869,  to  January  1, 1870,  ©  $60.00  per  year,  40  00 

S.  B*  Greene, 
To  1  box  made  for  State  Library  for  taking  books 

to  Oalifomia,  strapped  with  iron 1  75 

6  lights,  12x20  glass,  11.50;  putty,  25e.;  work 
mending  windows  at  State  Capitol,  $2.00..  3  75 

1  box  for  Compiled  Laws 85 

1  box 85 

1  foot-stool 1  00 

1    "      "      100 

work  and  blocks  to  raise  desk 85 

"      "    lumber  for  book  shelves 1  75 

2boxe8 1  70 

20  boxes  for  laws  of  1869, 85c 17  00 

35   "    "    **    "  85c 29  75 

one  item  for  paint  and  painting  not  before 

rendered 3  26 

John  Eneller, 

To  sawing  10  cords  wood  once,  75c 7  50 

3      '*  "    twice,  $1.25 3  75 

2i  days'  work  wheeling  wood,  U  $1.75 4  38 

4i  days'  labor  in  Nov.  1869,  fD  $1.75 7  87 

2i    '•        *•      **    Dec.      "     a  $1.75 3  94 

A.  Lindsley, 
To  labor  as  porter  in  State  offices  for  Dec,  ^ 

$2.00 62  00 

Lemuel  M.  Sullivan, 
To  services  as  watchman  in  State  offices  for  Dec, 

31  nights,  fD$2.00 .' 62  00 

Amount  carried  forward $14,545  66 


BOARD  OF  STATE  At^DITOBB.  123 

State  of  Michigan 

V3, 

The  State  of  Michigan. 

Amount  brought  forward $14,545  66 

John  Broody 

To  services  as  porter  in  Capitol  for  Dec 6:^  00 

washing  28  pieces,  ®  5c 1  40 

John  Nagel, 

To  services  as  porter  in  Auditor  General's  office, 

Dec.,CJ  $2.00 62  00 

washing  50  pieces,  fH  5c 2  60 

Oharles  Nagel, 

To  wheeling  wood  ijito  basement  of  State  office, 

2  days,®  $1.50 3  00 

Mrs.  K.  White, 

To  services  rendered  by  her  sou  in  making  the 
Geological  Survey  of  the  State  in  the  year 

1860 51  87 

interest  on  the  same  from  1861  to  1869,  8 

years,©  7% 29  04 

Advertiser  &  Tribune  Co., 

To  daily  paper  for  State  offices 70  00 

Wm.  Jenison, 

To  paid  for  insurance  on  Mich.  Reports  as  follows : 

15th  vol.,  to  May  6, 1870 4  40 

16th    "        "         "     "   4  40 

17th    "        "         "     *'  8  80 

18th    "    just  out,  July  17, 1870 26  83 

James  M.  Phelps, 

To  cleaning  walk  of  snow  at  State  offices 1  00 

\  day's  work  cleaning  walk  of  snow 88 

Bennic  W-  Bours, 
To  services  as  messenger  for  State  offices,  Dec...  31  00 

Amount  carried  forward $14,904  78 


124  ANKUAL  REPORT  OF  THE 

Sta4>e  of  Michigan 

The  Staiie  of  Michigan. 

January  27 ^  1870 

Amount  brought  forward $14^904  78 

State  Treasurer, 
To  postage  for  use  of  oflSce  of  the  Board  of  State 

Auditors 5  50 

John  Nagel, 
To  services  as  porter  in  Auditor  General's  and 
State  Treasurer's  offices  for  January,  31  days, 

n  $2.00 62  00 

washing  48  pieces,  fD  6c . 2  40 

A.  Lindsley, 
To  services  as  porter  in  State  offices  for  the  month 

of  January,  Q)  $2.00  per  day 62  00 

Lemuel  M.  Sulliyan, 
To  services  as  watchman  in  State  office  for  the 

month  of  January,  31  nights,  tJ  $2.00 62  00 

Charles  Nagel, 
To  2|  days'  work  wheeling  wood  at  State  offices, 

®$1.50 3  75 

John  Broad, 

To  services  as  porter  at  Capitol  for  January 62  00 

washing  28  pieces,  0  5c 1  40 

Bonnie  W.  Bours, 
To  services  as  messenger  at  State  office  for  the 

month  of  January 31  00 

W.  S.  George  &  Co., 

To  printing  State  contracts  and  for  mounting..  3  40 

E.  S.  Porter, 
To  services  as  clerk  of  the  S.  L.  B.  of  Control  for 

the  month  of  January,  fJt  $50.00  per  year. .  4  17 

services  as  secretary  of  the  Board  of  State 
Auditors  for  the  month  of  January 33  33 

Amount  carried  forward $15,237  73 


BOARD  OF  STATE  AUDITORS.  125 

State  of  Michigan 

vs. 

The  State  of  Michigan. 

Amount  brougKt  forward 115,237  73 

John  Kneller, 

To  sawing  13}  cords  of  wood 10  31 

wheeling  in  wood  1}  days 2  IS 


February  28^  1870. 

A.  Lindsley, 

To  services  as  porter  in  State  office  for  the  month 

of  February,  ®  $2.00  per  day 56  00 

Daniel  Stafford, 
To  sawing  10  cords  of  wood  once,  at  the  Capitol, 

tJ  75c  per  cord 7  60 

John  Bush, 
To  sixty  cords  of  wood  delivered  at  the  Capitol, 

®  $2.69,  as  per  contract 155  40 

B.  F.  Simons, 

Tol  spool  thread 10 

12  yds.  crash,  ®  25c 3  00 

John  Broad, 
To  services  as  porter  at  the  Capitol  for  the  month 

of  February,  1870,®  $2.00 56  00 

washing  23  pieces,  CD  5c 1  15 

Lemuel  M.  Sullivan, 
To  services  as  watchman  at  State  offices  for  the 

month  of  Feb.,  1870,  {Jb  $2.00  per  night 56  00 

John  Nagel, 
To  services  as  porter  at  State  offices  for  the  month 

of  February,  1870,  28  days,  fD  $2.00 56  00 

washing  48  pieces,  tD  6c 2  40 

hemming  12  towels,  Q)  5c 60 

Amount  carried  forward $15,644  37 


126  ANNUAL  REPORT  OF  THE 

Stads  of  Michigan 

vs. 

The  State  of  Michigan, 

Amount  brought  forward $15,644  37 

Charles  Nagcl, 
To  di  days  wheeling  wood  into  basement,  O  $1.50 

per  day 5  25 

Pease  &  Smith, 

To  10  rms.  35  lb.  cover $120  00 

less  5  rms.  25  lb.  ret,  {{  5c.      40  00 

$80  00  80  00 

W.  S.  George  &  Co., 
To  ruling  1  rm.  note  (twice)  for  Board  of  Auditors,  90 

print  1  rm.  letter-heads  for  Secretary  of  the 

Board  of  Auditors 

print  1  rm.  circulars  for  Sec'y  Board  of  And., 
924,000  ems  comp.  on  index  to  House  Journal, 

150  tokens  press- work  on  same 

346,500  ems  cohip.  on  index  to  Senate  Journal, 

57  tokens  press-work  on  same 

334,376  ems  comp.  on  report  of  Auditors 

308  tokens  press-work  on  same 

print  2  rms.  covers  for  same 

reprint.  32  pp.,  49,448  ems  comp 

44  tokens  press-work  on  same 

State  Treaflurer, 

To  postage  for  use  of  Board  of  Auditors 4  00 

Bennie  W.  Bours, 
To  services  as  messenger  for  State  offices  for  the 

month  of  February,  1870 28  00 

•  Wm.  A.  Throop  &  Co., 

To  1  gross  pens 1  00 

1-6  doz.  Arnold's  qts. 99 

1-12"  "        copying 87 


3  40 

3  40 

415  80 

60  00 

155  92 

22  80 

150  46 

107  80 

4  00 

22  25 

15  40 

Amount  carried  forward $16,726  61 


BOARD  OF  STATE  AUDITORS.  127 

State  of  Michigan 

V8. 

The  State  of  Michigan, 

Amount  brought  forward $16,726  61 

Wm.  A.  Throop  &  Co., 

Tol  ivory  folder 63 

1     "        "      26 

i^  gross  Faber's  hex.  pencils 3  00 

^     "     rubber  bands 60 

1  ruling  pen 1  50 

1  15-inch  Clegg's  ruler 1  50 

1-6  doz.  Hut<;hinson's  2  oa.  carmine 1  00 

1  barometer  inkstand 2  00 

1         "        mucilage  stand 2  00 

A.  B.  Thayer, 

To  48  gallons  carbon  oil 18  24 

1  gallon         "       " 46 

E.  S.  Porter, 
To  services  as  Sec'y  of  Board  of  State'  Auditors 

for  February,  1870 33  33 

services  as  clerk  of  Board  of  Control  for  Feb., 

1870 4  17 

O.  L.  Spaulding, 
To  cash  paid  expenses  to  Detroit  on  business  for 

trustees  of  lands  escheated  to  the  State 11  86 


April  6,  1870. 
Thomas  Ryan, 

To  purchase  price  of  portion  of  private  claim 

numbered  76  and  77,  on  St.  Mary^s  River, 

as  per  deed  to  Board  of  Control  of  St. 

Mary's  Falls  Ship  Canal,  and  in  settlement 

of  his  claim  against  the  State  for  damages 

in  the  destruction  of  his  dock  on  said  claim,     2,600  00 


Amount  carried  forward $19,307  14 


128  ANNUAL  REPORT  OP  THE 

State  of  Michigan 

The  State  of  Michigan. 

Amount  brought  forward $19,307  U 

E.  S  Porter, 
To  services  as  clerk  of  the  Board  of  Control  for 

the  month  of  March,  1870 4  17 

services  as  sec*y  of  the  Board  of  Auditors  for 

the  month  of  March 33  33 

L.  M.  Sullivan, 
To  services  as  watchman  at  State  offices  for  the 

month  of  March 62  00 

John  Nagel, 
To  services  as  porter  at  State  offices  for  the  month 

of  March 62  00 

washing  48  pieces,  ®  5c 2  40 

A.  Lindsley, 
To  services  as  porter  at  State  offices  for  the  month 

of  March 62  00 

John  Broad, 

To  services  as  porter  at  the  Capitol  for  the  month 

of  March tJ2  00 

washing  28  pieces,  ®6c 140 

paid  for  carting  books 50 

John  Eneller, 

To  sawing  2  cords  wood,  tl  11.25 2  50 

W.  S.  George  &  Co., 
To  paper  for  printing  com'r  acceptance.  Fort 

William  and  Port  Howard  military  road. .  75 

315,448  ems  comp.  on  B.  R.  report  by  Auditor 

General. 14195 

200  tokens  press-work  on  same 70  00 

print.  1  rm.  covers  for  same 340 

dry.  and  press.  14,000  signatures,  Q)  4^ 6  30 

Amount  carried  forward 119,821  84 


BOARD  OF  STATE  AUDITOBS.  129 

State  of  Michigan 

The  State  of  Michigan. 

Amount  brought  forward 119,821  84 

W.  S.  George  &  Co., 

To  folding  14,000  signatures,  U  6c 7  00 

stitching  500  pamphlets,  ®  25c 125 

cover,  and  trim.  500  pamphlets 5  00 

binding  1   vol.  reports,  Board   of  Auditors, 

1863tol870 : 1  25 

dry.  and  press.  127,000  signatures.  Senate  Jour- 
nal, 1869 63  50 

folding  same 63  50 

binding  1,000  vols.  Senate  Journal,  ®  32c. . .  320  00 
dry.  and  press.  168,500  signatures,  House  Jour- 
nal, 1869 84  25 

foldingsame 84  25 

binding  1,500  vols.  House  Journal,  tt  32c 480  00 

S.  B.  Greene, 

To  repairs  on  chair 50 

1  box 75 

tin  50c.;  work  to  repair  roof  at  Capitol,  11.50,  2  00 
Calvert  &  Co., 

To  3  ribbons  for  canceling  machines,  €1  75c 2  25 

H.  D.  Weatherux, 

To  serving  copy  narr. 1  25 

45  miles  travel  to  serve  E.  P.  Bosworth 4  50 

45      ^-         "         "          H.  E.  Hudson 4  50 

35      "         '^         "          S.  L.  Lowry 3  50 

return  writ  to  circuit  court 25 

A.  M.  U.  Ex.  Co., 

To  express  charges 30 

"            "       65 


Amount  carried  forward 120,952  29 

17 


130  AKXUAL   REPORT  OP  THE 

Stofte  of  Michigan 

vs. 

The  SkUe  of  Michigan. 

Amount  brought  forward $20,95?  ?9 

State  Treasurer, 
To  postage  for  office  of  Board  of  Auditors  and 

100  P.  0.  wrappers 2  10 

2  cards  2c.  stamps 4  00 

F.  Williams, 
To  hauling  14J  cords  wood  from  Capital  to  State 

offices,  0  50c 7  13 

James  M.  Phelps, 

To  1  day  wheeling  wood 1  75 

sawing  4  cords  wood,  €)  75c 3  00 

cleaning  walk  of  snow  at  State  offices 75 

1  day  cleaning  walk         '^             "     200 

2  days'  work  at  State  offices 3  75 

H  "    wheeling  wood,  fl  l;1.75 3  63 

Bennie  W.  Bours, 
To  services  as  messenger  at  State  office  for  the 

month  of  March 31  00 

E.  Olaflin, 
To  hauling  8  cords  of  wood  from  Capitol  to  State 

offices 2  00 


April  27,  1870. 
State  Treasurer, 

To  postage  for  office  of  Board  of  Auditors 3  00 

John  Nagel, 
To  services  as  porter  in  State  offices  for  the 

month  of  April 60  00 

washing  50  pieces  tJ  5c 2  50 

Amount  carried  forward $21,077  90 


BOABD   OF  STATE  AUDITORS.  131 

State  of  Michigan 

The  State  of  Michigan, 

Amount  brought  forward 121,077  90 

A.  Lindsley^ 

To  services  as  porter  at  State  offices  for  the  month 

of  April 60  00 

John  Broad, 

To  services  as  porter  at  Capitol  for  the  month  of 

April 60  00 

washing  28  pieces,  €J  6c 1  40 

paid  for  carting  books 100 

Lemuel  M.  Sullivan, 
To  services  as  watchman  at  State  offices  for  the 

month  of  April 60  00 

James  Black, 
^o  furnishing  and  setting  74  trees  around  State 

offices,  fl50c 37  00 

E,  S.  Porter, 

To  services  as  sec'y  of  Board  of  Auditors  for  the 

month  of  April, 33  33 

services  as  clerk  of  Board  of  Control  for  the 

month  of  April 3  17 

Bennie  W.  Bours, 
To  services  as  messenger  at  State  office  for  the 

month  of  April 30  00 

John  Eneller, 
To  sawing  3i  cords  of  wood,  ®  75c  per  cord  .  - .  2  63 

1^  days  wheeling  wood 2  63 

Henry  Perle, 
To  1  box  for  packing  blanks 50 

Amount  carried  forward 121,369  56 


132  ANNUAL  BEPOBT  OF  THE 

State  of  MU^igan 

The  State  of  Michigan, 

Amount  brought  forward $21,369  56 

W.  S.  George  &  Co., 

To  print  2  rms.  blanks,  books  of  reserrations 10  80 

print  record  for  Atfy  Genl,  Smith  vs.  Aud. 

General 10  00 

155,176  ems  comp.  on  report  of  Sup't  of  Sault 

Canal 69  82 

60  tokens  press-work  on  same 21  00 

print  1  rm.  covers  for  same 3  40 

101,752  ems-  comp.  on  report  of  State  Military 

Board 45  70 

30  tokens  press-work  on  same 10  50 

print  1  rm.  covers  for  same 3  40 


May  25y  1870. 

IL  B.  Herrifield, 

To  renewal  of  ins.  policy  No.  48,  Detroit  F.  and 

M.  Ins.  Co.,  on  State  library 100  00 

0.  L.  Spaulding, 

To  expenses  attending  Wayne  circuit  court  as 

witness  in  the  matter  of  the  Pindon  escheat 

case 12  80 

S.  C.  Moffatt, 

To  services  in  the  matter  of  the  escheat  of  the 

McFaggart  estate 25  00 

John  J.  Bush, 

To  172 J  cords  of  wood  furnished 

as  per  contract,  fD  12.59. .  .$446  13 

less  60  cords 155  40 

$290  73 

examined  and  allowed,  at 265  93 

Amount  carried  forward $21,947  91 


BOARD  OF  STATE  AUDITORS.  133 

State  of  Michigan 

vs. 

Tfie  State  of  Michigan. 

Amount  brought  forward 121,947  91 

A.  Lindsley, 

To  services  as  porter  in  State  oflSces  for  the  month 

of  May G2  00 

John  Broad, 

To  services  as  porter  at  Capitol  for  the  month  of 

May 62  00 

washing  26  pieces,  fD5c 1  30 

L.  M.  Sullivan, 

To  services  as  watchman  at  State  offices  for  the 

month  of  May 62  00 

John  Nagel, 

To  services  as  Porter  at  State  offices  for  the  month 

of  May 62  00 

washing  48  pieces,  fD  5c 2  40 

James  Black, 

To  8  days  digging  around  t  ees  in  Capitol  square, 

fH  12.00 16  00 

Henry  Richardson, 

To  5  days  digging  around  trees  in  Capitol  square, 

fi)ll.75 8  75 

S.  R.  Greene, 

To  6  days  repairing  fence  at  Capitol 15  00 

lumber  for  same 2  00 

8.  R.  Greene, 

To  cash  paid  for  smith  work 1  00 

"      "    nails 1  10 

work  taking  off  cornice  on  offices 7  25 

"     and  lumber  to  fix  posts 12  50 

paid  for  painting  hitching-posts 2  00 

work  on  roof  at  offices ...  3  00 

Amount  carried  forward $22,268  21 


134  ANNUAL  REPORT  OF  THE 

State  of  Michigan 

The  State  of  Michigan. 

Amount  brought  forward 122^68  21 

S.  B.  Greene, 
To  cash  paid  for  nails,  $1.56 ;  cash  for  lumber 

strips,  $2.30 3  ^ 

cash  paid  to  mend  cave-trough  at  offices 1  75 

replace  lightning  rods 4  75 

Bennie  W.  Bours, 
To  services  as  messenger  at  State  office  for  the 

month  of  May 31  00 

S.  DeGraw, 

To  hauling  paper 50 

W.  S.  George  &  Co., 
To  dry.  and  press.  5,400  sigs.,  compilation  of  B. 

R.  reports 2  43 

folding  same 2  70 

stitching  300  pamphlets 75 

cover,  and  trim.  300  pamphlets 3  00 

dry.  and  press.  1,800  sigs.  Canal  reports 60 

folding  1,800  sigs.  Canal  reports 90 

stitching  300  pamphlets.  Canal  reports 60 

cover,  and  trim.  300  pamphlets.  Canal  reports,  3  00 

dry.  and  press.  900  sigs.,  State  Military  Board 

report 40 

folding  900  sigs..  State  Military  Board  report.  45 

stitching  300  pamphlets.  State  Military  Board 

reports 45 

cover  and  trim.  300  pamphlets,  State  Military 

Board  reports 3  00 

dry.  and  press.  3,000  sigs.,  B.  B.  lands 1  35 

folding  3,000  sigs.,  R.  R  lands 1  50 

A  mount  carried  forward $22,331  41 


BOARD   OF  STATE   AUDITORS.  135 

State  of  Michigan 

V3. 

The  State  of  Michigan. 

Amount  brought  forward 122,331  41 

W.  S.  George  &  Co., 

To  stitching  300  pamphlets,  B.  R.  lands 75 

cover  and  trim.  300  pamphlets,  R.  B.  lands..  3  00 

binding  3,000  School  reports,  leather  backs..  760  00 

"       1,500^     "            "        paper  covers. .  150  00 
182,476  ems  comp.  ou  B.  B.  lands  for  Aud. 

Gen'l 82  11 

30  tokens  press-work  on  same 10  50 

printing  1  rm.  covers  for  same 3  40 

adv.  official  canvass,  judge  14th  circuit,  8  f.  2  w  8  40 
11,782  ems  comp.  on  title-page  of  contents  of 

Joint  Documents,  1869 5  30 

18  tokens  press-work  on  same 6  30 

Pease  &  Smith, 

To  82  rms.  24x  36  S.  S.  &  C.  book,  CD  8  35 684  70 

24    "                    *'      ••        •*       fH  8  35 200  40 

76    ''                    *      '•         •       US  35 634  60 

30    *'                    "      **        ••       a  8  35 250  50 

38    *•                    cD8  35 317  30 

Jones  &  Porter, 

To  premium  ou  insurance  of  State  Library,  from 
May  18th,  1870  to  May  18th,  1871,  as  fol- 
lows,  to  wit : 

Putnam  Ins.  Co.,  15,000,  it  2  % 100  00 

Lorillard  Ins.  Co.,  13,000,  O  2  % 60  00 

Springfield  Ins.  Co.,  $3,000,  ®  2  % 60  00 

Home  Ins.  Co.,  13,000,  a  2  % 60  00 

North  America  Ins.  Co.,  13,000,  Q  2% 60  00 

Michigan  State  Ins.  Co.,  13,000,  0  2% 60  00 

Amount  carried  forward 126,838  67 


136  AKNUAL  BEPOBT  OP  THE 

State  of  Michigan 

The  State  of  Michigan. 

Amount  brought  forward $25,838  67 

Israel  Oillett, 
To  work  and  material  for  45  22-100  squares  of 
gravel  roofing  on  State  offices,  ft  $7.00  per 

square 316  54 

B,  S.  Porter, 
To  services  as  sec'y  of  Board  of  Auditors,  month 

of  May 33  33 

services  as  clerk  of  Board  of  Control,  month 
ofMay 4  17 


July  6,  I860. 

0.  L.  Spaulding, 

To  paid  telegrams 2  87 

expenses  to  Detroit  and  Flint,  Mather  vs. 

Dewey 19  0« 

expenses  to  Saginaw,  same  matter 7  60 

8.  C.  Alderman, 
To  witness  fees  before  committee  in  matter  of 

investigation  of  selection  of  Ag'l  Col.  lands  6  00 

mileage,  150  Q)  10c 15  00 

John  Broad, 

To  services  as  porter  at  Capitol,  month  of  June  60  00 

washing  28  pieces,  ©  5c 1  40 

paidfor  carting  books 50 

Amount  carried  forward $26,305  15 


BOARD  OF  STATE   AUDITORe,  13T 

State  of  Michigan 

The  State  of  Michigan, 

Amount  brought  forward 126,305  15 

O.  V.  N.  Lothrop, 
To  services  as  counsel  in  case  of  Smith  vs.  Aud. 

Gen^,  Wayne  circuit  court 75  00 

services  as  counsel  same  case,  supreme  court  75  00 

clerk's  fees,  same  case 12  00 

paid  Free  Press,  printing  brief 12  00 

Henry  Bichardson, 
To  10^  days  digging  around  and  mulching  trees 

in  State  offices  block,  ft  12.00 21  00 

James  Black, 

To  11^  days,  mulching,  trimming  trees,  etc.,  at 

State  offices  block,  «  $2.00 23  00 

A.  Lindsley, 
To  services  as  porter  at  State  offices,  month  of 

June 60  00 

L.  M.  Sullivan, 
To  services  as  watchman  at  State  offices,  month 

of  June 60  00 

John  Nagel, 

To  services  as  porter  at  State  offices,  month  of 

June 60  00 

washing  50  pieces,  0)  5c 2  50 

paid  for  repairing  adoorlock 25 

"     "   1  doz.  lamp  wicks 20 

S.  R.  Greene, 

To  work,  nails  and  lumber  to  repair  walk 22  68 

'*        "  *'  for  12f  rods  new  walk 

at  Capitol 54  37 

work  repairing  old  and  connecting  with  new  50 

cash  paid  to  put  cord  in  flag-pole 6  00 

Amount  carried  forward 126,789  65 

18 


138  ANNUAL  REPORT  OP  THE 

Sta;te  of  Michigan 

V8. 

The  State  of  Michigan. 

Amount  brought  forward 126,789  65 

S.  R.  Greene, 

To  dray  50c,  other  expenses  50c 1   00 

W.  S.  George  &  Co., 
To  dry.  and  press  316,000  sigs.,  Joint  Documents, 

^4ic 142  20 

folding  316,000  sigs.,  Joint  Documents,  fl?  5c        158  00 

binding  2,000  Joint  Documents,  CD  30c GOO  00 

binding  3,000  School  reports,  leather  backs, 

eD25c 750  00 

printing    endorsements  on  Kalamazoo  and 

South  Haven  R.  R.  bonds :5  40 

J.  A.  Kerr  &  Co., 
To  rent  of  store-room  for  books,  from  January  1 

to  March  31,  CD  160.00  per  annum 15  00 

rent  of    same  from  April  1  to  June  30,  U 

$75.00  per  annum 18  75 

Levi  Bishop, 
To  services  and  cash  paid  in  the  Finden  escheat 

case,  as  per  bill  attached 123  32 

Second  National  Bank,  Detroit, 

To  exchange  111,200.00 _ 11  20 

express  charges 50 

Bennie  W.  Bours, 

To  services  as  messenger  at  State  offices  for  June  30  00 

Pease  &  Smith, 

To  21  4-20  rms.  S.  S.  &  C.  book,  it  $8.35 1 77  02 

200feetrope 3  00 

50  rms.  S.  S.  &  C.  book 417  50 

36  rms.  S.  S.  &  C.  book 300  60 


Amount  carried  forward 129,541  14 


BOARD  OF  STATE  AUDITORS.  139 

State  of  Michigan 

vs. 

The  State  of  Michigan, 

Amoant  brought  forward $29,541  14 

K.  S.  Porter, 

To  services  as  clerk  of  the  Board  of  Control, 

month  of  June,  1«70 4  17 

services  as  sec'y  Board  of  State  Auditors,  33  33 


July  A?7,  1S70. 
O.  Li.  Spaulding, 

To  expenses  to  Detroit  and  Dearborn  to  regulate 

sale  of  estate  in  Finden  escheat  case 15  45 

expenses  to  Marquette  and  Houghton  as 
special  agent  of  the  State,  to  select  lands 
for  construction  of  military  road  from  Port 
Wilkins  to  Fort  Howard,  and  confer  with 

commissioner  of  road 86  45 

E.  O.  Grosvenor, 
To  10  days  attendance  as  member  of  Board  of 
Control  of  Sault  Canal,  visiting  and  inspect- 
ing canal,  fj  13.00  per  day 30  00 

1,260  miles  travel  to  and  from 126  00 

H.  P.  Baldwin, 
To  10  days  attendance  as  member  of  Board  of 
Control  of  Sault  Canal,  visiting  and  inspect- 
ing canal,  m  13.00  perday 30  00 

1,260  miles  travel  to  and  from 126  00 

Orosvenor  Co., 
To  1-10  %  exchange  on  110,000.00  remitted  to 

New  York  for  purchase  of  State  bonds —  10  00 

Amount  carried  forward 130,002  54 


140  ANNUAL  REPORT  OF  THE 

Stdte  of  Michigan 

vs. 

The  State  of  Michigan, 

Amount  brought  forward $30,003  64 

Bennie  W.  Bonrs, 

To  services  as  messenger  at  State  offices,  month 

of  July 31  00 

Pease  &  Smith, 

To  21  4-20  rms.  24  x  36  book,  U  $8.35 .       1 77  02 

Ralph  C.  Smith, 

To  solicitor's  fees  in  case  of  Smith  r«.  Aud.  Gen'l 

et  al. 20  00 

register's  fees 8  00 

serving  subpoena  and  injunction 200 

John  Broad, 

To  services  as  porter  at  Capitol,  month  of  July, 

1870 62  00 

washing  30  pieces,  fD  5c 1  50 

A,  Lindsley, 

To  services  as  porter  at  State  offices,  July,  1870.  62  00 

E.  S.  Porter, 

To  services  as  clerk  of  Board  of  Control,  Julv 

1870 4  17 

services  as  sec'y  Board  of   State  Auditors, 

July,  1870 33  33 

U.  P.  Baldwin, 

To  expenses  in  visiting  Portage  Lake  and  Lake 

Superior  Ship  Canal,   now  in  process  of 

construction 21  50 

John  Nagel, 

To  services  as  porter  at  State  offices  for  July,  1870  62  00 

washing  50  pieces,  0  5c 2  50 

paid  for  tumbler ^ 25 

Amount  carried  forward $30,489  81 


BOARD  OP  STATE  AUDITORS.  141 

State  of  Michigan 

V8, 

The  State  of  Michigan. 

Amonnt  brought  forward $30,489  81 

James  Black,  ' 
To  If  days  cutting  thistles,  etc.,  in  State  offices 

block 3  50 

2i  days  cutting  thistles,  etc.,  in  State  offices 

block 4  60 

L.  M.  Sullivan, 

To  services  as  watchman  at  State  offices,  July,1870  62  00 
Wm.  S.  TJtley, 
To  amount  of  costs  taxed  against  him  in  case  of 
Ryerson  Hills  et  at  vs.  Wm.  S,  TJtley,  com- 
missioner (see  Act  No.  59,  Laws  1867) 72  50 

a.  R  Greene, 

To  iron-work  to  fix  flagpole 1  25 

work,  lumber,  and  nails  for  2  cellar  windows  3  25 

11  days' work,  CD  11.75-... 19  25 

13  days' work,  €)  $2.50 32  50 

16  days' work,  CD  $1.50 24  00 

paid  tinner  to  fix  water-spouts 2  50 

work  and  zinc  to  fix  matting 2  12 

cash  paid  to  mend  table  and  chair 4  50 

cash  paid  for  6  new  locks,  $3.00,  30  keys  $1.50  4  50 

cash  paid  for  mason- work 5  60 

12  lights  glass 2  50 

putty  and  setting 2  20 

paid  for  mason-work 9  00 

0  papers  tacks 60 

plank  for  walk  and  steps 53  10 

800  feet  scantling  for  walk 9  60 

paid  for  drawing  lumber,  etc 2  50 

110  lbs.  nails,  CD  5c 5  50 

Amount  carried  forward $30,816  68 


142  ANNUAL    REPORT    OF  THE 

SkUe  of  Michigan 

V8, 

The  State  of  Michigan. 

Amoant  brought  forward. .  130,816  68 

S.  B.  Oreene, 

To  5  lbs.  assorted  nails 30 

my  work  and  time I  20  00 

W.  S.  George  &  Co., 
To  683,908  ems  comp.  to  and  including  page 
339,  on  compilation  of  laws  relatiye  to  land 

office,€)45c 307  75 

86  tokens  press-work  on  same 30  10 


September  8, 1870. 
Earl  &  Ranney, 

To  1  gal.  kerosene  oil 45 

3gals.       "        *•    01  45c 135 

4    "           *•        "    ®  45c 180 

2  doz.  No.  2  wicks,  ®  20c 40 

3  "         ''      "      fD20c 60 

4  gals,  kerosene  oil 180 

1  doz.  boxes  matches 1  20 

paid  Parkill  &  Co.,  for2  gals,  oil 90 

S.  E.  Greene, 

To  work  on  keys,  locks,  etc.,  for  Legislature 2  00 

cash  paid  for  zinc,  and  work 40 

help  take  up  carpets 1  00 

J.  B.  Hull, 
To  constructing  24  rods  sidewalk  on  east  side  of 

block78 100  00 

Amount  carried  forward 131,286  73 


BOARD   OF  STATE  AUDITORS.  143 

State  of  Michigan 

The  Sta4ie  of  Michigan. 

Amount  brought  forward WljSSG  73 

E.  S.  Porter, 

To  services  as  clerk  of  Board  of  Control  for 

month  of  August 4  17 

services  as  sec'y  of   Board  of  Auditors  for 

month  of  August 33  33 

Bonnie  W.  Bours, 

To  services  as  messenger  at  State  offices,  month 

of  August - 31  00 

Daniel  S.  Mevis, 

To  services  as  porter  at  the  Capitol  during  extra 

session,  15  days,  CD  •1.75 26  25 

Lemuel  M.  Sullivan, 

To  services  as  watchman  at  State  offices,  month 

of  August 62  00 

John  Nagel, 

To  services  as  porter  at  State  offices,  month  of 

August 62  00 

w^ashing  48  pieces,  ®6c 2  40 

paid  for  lamp  chimney 15 

John  Broad, 

To  services  as  porter  at  Capitol,  month  of  August  62  00 

washing  28  pieces,  CD  5c 140 

A.  Lindsley, 

To  services  as  porter  at  State  Offices,  month  of 

August 62  00 

State  Treasurer, 

To  paid  Senate  certificate  No.  27,  issued  to  Hon. 
0.  B.  Mills,  for  services  as  Senator  at  extra 
session — ^in  excess  of  the  appropriation  . . ,  69  60 

Amount  carried  forward $31,703  03 


144  ANNUAL  REPORT  OF  THE 

State  of  Michigan 

V 

V8. 

The  State  of  Michigan, 

Amount  brought  forward $31,703  03 

W.  S.  George  &  Co., 

To  print,  yeas  and  nays  for  House 3  00 

"             «             <•            «     1  50 

*•             ''             *'       Senate 1  50 

*•      1  ream  blanks  for  Senate 3  40 

paper  for  same 2  50 

print,  order  book — House 3  50 

"      1  ream  blanks  for  Senate 3  40 

paperforsame 'Z  50 

print  50  resolutions  for  Senate,  on  slips 2  00 

"      200        "              ''                 "        5  00 

**     yeas  and  nays — House 300 

**      3  reams  circulars 10  20 

paperforsame 3  50 

print  3  reams  blanks — Pros.  Attorneys 10  20 

paperforsame 16  80 

comp.  on  Opinion  of  Judges  of  Supreme 
Court,  the  People  ex  reh  the  Detroit  & 
Howell  R.  R.  Co.  r^.  The  Township  of  Sa- 
lem—83,104  ems,  CD  45c 37  3y 

correcting  alterations  from  copy  on  same 3  50 

"           same  on  daily  journal 2  00 

28  tokens  press-work  on  same ..  9  80 

print  2  reams  covers  for  same 6  80 

11,872  ems  comp.  on  message,  by  order  of  the 

Goyernor _ .5  34 

7  tokens  press-work  on  same 2  45 

print.  1  ream  covers  for  same 3  40 

Amount  carried  forward $31,845  71 


BOARD  OF  STATE  AUDITORS.  145 

State  of  Michigan 

V8. 

Tlie  State  of  Michigan, 

Amount  brought  forward 931,845  71 

W-  S.  George  &  Co., 

To  115,920  ems  comp.  ou  Semite  and  House  bills 

and  joint  resolutions,  fl)  25c 28  98 

78  tokens  press- work  on  same 27  30 

G43,244  ems  comp.  on  Senate  and  House  daily 

journal,  (I?  45c 289  45 

480  tokens  of  press-work  on  same,  (I  35c 168  00 

16  rms.  flat  cap  paper  for  bills  and  resolutions  64  00 
11,872  ems  comp.  on  Governor's  message, — 

order  of  Senate, — a  45c 5  34 

3  tokens  press-work  on  same 1  05 

printing  slips  of  same  for  daily  papers 1  00 

7,912  ems  comp.  on  "Act  to  amend  E.  R 

law,''  n  45c 3  57 

4  tokens  press-work  on  same 1  40 

print.  3  rms.  covers  for  laws  1870 10  20 

40,888  ems  comp  on  laws  1870 18  40 

15  tokens  press-work  on  same,  Q,  35c 5  25 

printing  3  rms.  covers  for  same 10  20 

29,900  ems  comp.  on  index  to  compilation  of 

Land  Office  laws,  fl)  45c 13  46 

2  tokens  press-work  on  same 70 

folding  103,000  sigs.,  daily  journals,  CD  5c. . ..  51  50 

stitching  20,800  numbers  same 52  00 

folding  500  Senate  joint  resolutions 25 

furnishing  paste  for  use  of  Legislature  13  days  5  00 
'^          wrappers,  addressing,  and  mailing, 
with  stamps,  on   the  daily  journal  for  13 

days  (250  copies  per  day) 1 26  00 

folding  1,500  sigs.,  Governor's  message 75 

Amount  carried  forward 132,629  51 

19 


146  ANNUAL  REPORT  OF  THE 

State  of  Michigan 

vs. 

The  State  of  Michigan. 

Amount  brought  forward $32,629  51 

W.  S.  George  &  Co., 

To  stitcbiug  1,600  numbers  Governor's  message  1  50 

trim,  and  cover  400  same 4  00 

printing  100  in  wrappers 50 

trim.  1,100  messages 2  75 

dry.  and  press.  5,600  sigs.,  Opinions  Sup.  Court  2  52 

folding  5,600               "            ^'          '•      "  2  80 

stitching  800  pamphlets 1  60 

trim,  and  cover  800  pamphlets 800 

press,  and  trim.  3  rms.,  pros,  atty's  returns.. .  1  35 

ruling  3  rms.  4  times 5  40 

trimming  16  rms.  paper  for  bills 3  20 

dry.  and  press.  1,500  sigs.,  session  laws  1870..  68 

folding  1,500  session  laws  1870 75 

stitching  500  covers,  session  laws  1870 75 

coyer  and  trim.  500  same 5  00 


October  5, 1870. 
P.  L.  Daniels  &  Co., 

To  ice  for  State  oflSces  and  Capitol,  for  scjison  1870  45  00 

John  Broad, 

To  services  as  porter  at  Capitol,  month  of  Sept..  60  00 

washing  30  pieces,  ^  5c 1  50 

A.  Lindsley, 

To  services  as  porter  at  State  oflBces,  month  of 

Sept 60  00 

Lemuel  M.  Sullivan, 

To  services  as  watchman  at  State  oflBces,  month 

of  Sept : 60  00 

Amount  carried  forward t32,876  81 


BOARD  OP  STATE  AUDITORS.  147 

State  of  Michigan 

vs. 

The  State  of  Michigan. 

Amount  brought  forward - $32,876  81 

John  Nagel, 

To  services  as  porter  at  State  offices,  month  of 

Sept 60  00 

washing  48  pieces,  Q)5c 2  40 

State  Treasurer, 

To  paid  for  telegraphing- 7  50 

P.  W.  Van  Dorn, 

To  repairing  cistern  pump 4  00 

James  Shearer, 

To  expenses  and  time  in  visiting  Flint  to  esti- 
mate cost  of  completing  Asylum  for  Deaf, 

Dumband  Blind 12  50 

Bennic  W.  Bours, 

To  services  as  messenger  for  State  offices,  month 

of  September 30  00 

B.  Beese, 

To  cleaning  well 3  00 

"         cistern 5  00 

W.  S.  George  &  Co., 

To  170,960  ems  conip.  on  session  laws,  etc.,  1870, 

U  45c 76  93 

504  tokens  press- work  on  same,  {Jb  35c 176  40 

extra   proof-reading  and  correcting  altera- 
tions, 95  00 ;  610,944  ems  comp.  on  official 

journals,  House  and  Senate,  til  20c 127  18 

138  tokens  press-work  on  same,  0  35c 48  30 

78,540  ems  comp.  on  index  to  House  and  Sen- 
ate journals,  iJb  45c 35  34 

Amount  carried  forward $33,465  36 


148  '  AKNUAL  REPOBT  OP  THB 

State  of  Michigan 

The  Sta;tc  of  Mi^ihigan. 

Amount  brought  forward $33,465  36 

Pease  &  Smith, 

To  10  rms.  25-lb.  cover  (tea),  tJ  $8.00 $80  00 

3  rms.  cover,  tJ  $8.00 24  00 

12  rms.  25-lb.  cover  paper,  «)  $8.00 96  00 


October  26, 1870. 
W.  S.  George  &  Go., 
To  dry.  and  press.  13,500  sigs.,  House  journal,  ct 

He 6  07 

folding  same... 6  75 

binding  500  copies  same,  U  20c 100  00 

dry.  and  press.  9,500  sigs..  Senate  journal,  U 

^c 4  27 

folding  same,  CD  5c 4  75 

binding  500  same,  CD  20c 100  00 

dry.  and  press.  140,0C0  sigs.,  session  laws  1870, 

0)4ic - 63  00 

folding  same,  CD  5c 70  00 

binding  5,000  same,  ®  20c 1,000  00 

John  Broad, 
To  services  as  porter  at  Capitol,  month  of  October  62  00 

washing  28  pieces,  CD  5c 1  40 

paid  for  carting  books .'JO 

Lemuel  M.  Sullivan, 
To  services  as  watchman  at  State  offices,  month 

of  October 62  00 

Amount  carried  forward $35,146  10 


BOARD  OF  STATE   AUDITORS.  149 

State  of  MiclUgaii 

vs. 

Ttie  State  of  Michigan. 

Amount  brought  forward $35,146  10 

A.  Lindsley, 

To  services  as  porter  at  State  oflBcee,  month  of 

October 62  00 

John  Nagcl, 

To  services  as  porter  at  Auditor   General  and 

Treasurer's  oflSces,  month  of  October, 63  00 

washing  52  pieces,  ^  5c 2  60 

8,  R.  Greene, 

To  4  days'  work  of  carpenters,  to  take   down 
chimney  and  make  staging,  etc.,  for  new, 

H)  $2.50 10  00 

lumber  for  staging,  etc.,  $3.00;   draying  for 

lumber  and  ladders,  $1.00 _  400 

nails  25c ;  my  work  and  time  $5.00 5  25 

cash    paid    for   brick   $7.00,    mortar  $5.00, 

mason- work  $17.00 29  00 

2\  days'  labor  to  clean  mortar  and  brick  from 

garret,  etc.,  fl  $1.75 3  94 

J  day  to  help  clean  carpets 1  31 

Bennie  W.  Bours, 

To  services  as  messenger  at  State  offices,  for  Oct.  31  00 

Grove  &  Whitney, 

To  1  axe  and  helve  for  State  offices 1  90 


November  SO,  1870. 
Bennie  W.  Bours, 
To  services  as  messenger  at  State  offices  for  Nov.         30  00 


Amount  carried  forward $35,389  10 


150  AKKUAL  KEPOBT  OP  THE 

State  of  Midiigan. 
vs. 
The  Sta/te  of  Michigan. 

Amount  brought  forward t35^9  10 

John  QoetZy   ^ 
To  3i  days'  work  hauling  wood  into  basement  at 

State  offices,  <II  tl.TS  per  day 6  13 

G.  Berner, 

To  1  day  mason-work 4  00 

1    "    laborer 2  00 

4bush.mortar 2  00 

hauling  same 50 

i  day  mason-work 2  00 

i  day  laborer _  1  00 

lOObriek 1  00 

hauling 50 

The  following  accounts  for  adyertising  notice  of  the  closing 
of  St.  Mary's  Falls  Ship  Canal  were  presented,  duly  certified 
to,  and  allowed,  as  follows,  to  wit : 

Cleveland  Leader  Printing  Co.,  allowed  at  $3.00-.-  3  00 
Chicago  Tribune  Co.,  **  ''  5.00. . .  5  00 
Pittsburgh  Commercial,  **  **  2.00.. .  2  00 
Mining  Journal,  •*  "  4.20  . .  4  20 
Portage  Lake  Mining  Gazette,  '*  **  3.50...  3  50 
Chicago  Republican,  '•  *'  4.00. . .  4  00 
Milwaukee  Publishing  Co.,  ''  '*  9.00. . .  0  00 
Fairbanks,  Benedict  &  Co.,  "  -'  3.40. . .  3  40 
Detroit  Free  Press  Co.,  **  ''  4.20. . .  4  20 
John  Broad, 
To  services  as  porter  at  the  Capitol,  for  Novem- 
ber   60  00 

washing  24  pieces,  CJ  5c 1  20 

Amount  carried  forward - t35,507  73 


BOARD  OP  STATE  AUDITORS.  151 

State  of  Michigan. 

The  State  of  Michigan, 
Amount  brought  forward 135,507  73 

John  Nagel, 

To  services  as  porter  at  Auditor  Qeneral  and 

State  Treasurer's  offices,  November 60  00 

washing  48  pieces,  €i)  5c 2  40 

Lemuel  M.  Sullivan, 

To  services  as  watchman  at  State  offices,  Nov.. .  60  00 

A,  Lindsley, 

To  services  as  porter  at  State  offices,  November..  60  00 

John  Qates, 

To  sawing  4^  cords  wood,  twice,  a  $1.25  per  cord  5  63 

John  Mason, 

To  sawing  2  cords  wood  and  wheeling  same  into 

cellar 2  25 

First  National  Bank  of  Sturgis, 
To  costs  in  case  of  First  National  Bank  of  Stur- 
gis V8,  Wm.  M.  Watkins,  sheriff,  to  wit : 

costs  in  Circuit  Court 36  50 

*'     "  SupremcCourt 38  00 

**    A.  E.  Cowles,  clerk  of  Supreme  Court..  3  50 

Hovey  K.  Clarke, 
To  cash  paid  clerk  of  Supremo  Court  for  copies 
of  orders  made  by  Supreme  Court  in  case 
of  The  People  ez  ret,  the  Att'y  Qen*l  vs. 

^tna  L.  S.  F.  &  T.  Ins.  Co., 2  00 

W.  S.  George  &  Co., 

To  binding  5,000  session  laws  1870,  0)  20c 1,000  00 

1,069,954  ems  comp.  on  reprint  of  Territorial 

Laws,  from  page  1  to  512,  ®  45c 481  48 

320  tokens  press-work  on  same,  ijb  35c 112  00 

Amount  carried  forward $37,371  49 


152  AXKUAL  BEPOftT  OF  THE 

State  of  Michigan 

vs. 

The  State  of  Midhigcun. 

Amount  brought  forward $37,371  49 

W.  S.  George  &  Co., 
To  322,208  ems  comp.  on  compilation  of  B.  B. 
report  by  Auditor  General,  from  page  1  to 

208,  inclusive,  fD  45c 144  99 

extra  proof-reading  and  correcting  alterations 

from  copy 7  00 

286  tokens  press- work  on  same,  ^  35c 100  10 

M.  A,  Hewitt, 
To  services  as  clerk  Board  of  Control  (8.  L.  8. 

R.)  October  and  November 8  33 

services  as  sec'y  Board  of   State  Auditors, 

October  and  November 66  66 

copying  records  of  S.  L.  S.  roads,  421  folios, 

®  10c - 42  10 

Brisbin  &  Conely, 

To  48i  gals,  carbon  oil,  a  28c 13  58 

Grove  &  Whitney, 

To  10  lbs.  nails  for  State  offices,  tt  b\c 55 

1  oil  can 75 

Dart  &  Davis, 

To  1  chimney  top 18  00 

10  lbs.  nails 60 

S.  R.  Greene, 
To  2  days'  work  repairing  cellar  door  and  stairs, 

at  State  offices 5  50 

78  feet  plank,  $1.17;  dray,  25c;  nails  and 

glass,  25c 1  67 

4  days'  work  to  repair  windows,  sash,  etc.,  at 

State  offices,  «  $2.50 10  00 

1  cord,  44c ;  3  lights  glass,  n  50c,  $1.50 1  94 

Amount  carried  forward $37,793  26 


BOAKD   OF    STATE   AUDITORS.  153 

State  of  Michigan, 

vs. 

The  State  of  MicJii^n, 

Amount  brought  forward $37,793  26 

Davis  &  Lamed, 

To  1  lamp  for  porter's  room  at  Capitol I  00 

Pease  &  Smith, 

To  25  rms.  heavy  coFd  medium,  U  $12.00 300  00 

54    "     24x36  S.  S.  &  C.  book,  tl  $8.35 450  90 

60    '*      "      **     '*       **        "      tc    8.35 501  00 

50    *•      "      -     *•       "        '•     n    8.35 417  50 

36i"      *•      *'     **       "        "     tl    8.35 302  69 

John  J.  Leonard,  B.  Vernor,  and  A.  C.  Blodget, 

To  3  days'  services  examining  laAvs  and  titles, 

in  Lapeer  county,  mortgaged  to  j£tna  L. 

S.  P.  &  T.  Ins.  Co.,  by  IL  Hart,  fD  $5.00 

per  day 15  00 

traveling  expenses 11  50 

commissioner's  charges — 

B.  Vernor,  4  days,  O  $5.00 20  00 

A.  C.  Blodget,  4  days,  O  $5.00 20  00 

"  *•         cash  expenses 10  00 

Total $39,842  85 

20 


RECAPITULATION. 


Executive  Department  vs.  The  State  of  Michigan,  9404  95 
Secretary  of  State  vs.  The  State  of  Michigan,  $8,- 

517  53,  minus  item  on  page  13  of  **3,952  00 

carried  to  account  of  State  of  Michigan 4,565  53 

Auditor  General  vs.  The  State  of  Michigan 8,839  43 

State  Land  Office  vs.  The  State  of  Michigan 2,436  98 

State  Treasurer  vs.  The  State  of  Michigan 2,543  15 

Attorney  General  r^.  The  State  of  Michigan 463  18 

Superintendent  of  Public  Instruction  vs.  The  State 

of  Michigan 2,659  34 

State  Library  vs.  The  State  of  Michigan 359  37 

Swamp  Land  State  Road  Commissioner  vs.  The 

State  of  Michigan 1,286  33 

Upper  Peninsula  S.  L.  S.  R.  Commissioner  vs.  The 

State  of  Michigan 526  32 

Supreme  Court  vs.  The  State  of  Michigan 103  20 

Reform  School  vs.  The  State  of  Michigan 51,769  61 

State  Prison  vs.  The  State  of  Michigan 127  67 

Agricultural  College  vs.  The  State  of  Michigan...  3,572  13 
StAte   of  Michigan  vs.  The  State   of  Michigan, 

•39,842  85,  plus  item  on  page  13  of  *$3,952, 

brought  from  account  of  Secretary  of  State $43,794  85 


Total - $123,452  04 


BEP  O  BT 


#p«iil  §§mmmmtn 


TO     E\AMINB    ' 


pisAi,  KMiAmv,  anh  cbaiiihbie  iNsiimitus 


STATE   OF   MICHIGAN. 


BY    AUTHORITY. 


LANSING: 
W.  S.  GEOltOK  &  CO,,  PKINTBRS  TO  THE  STATE, 

isn. 


REPORT. 


To  His  Excellency  Henbt  P.  Baldwin, 

Governor  of  the  State  of  Michigan  : 

The  undersigned,  Commissioners  appointed  by  your  Excel- 
lency under  joint  resolutions  of  the  Senate  and  House  of 
Representatives,  approved  April  3d,  A.  D.  1869,  to  examine 
the  discipline  and  general  management  of  the  penal,  reforma- 
tory, and  charitable  institutions  of  the  State,  and  report  plans 
and  recommendations  for  their  improvement,  beg  leave  to 
report: 

That  soon  after  our  appointment  we  entered  upon  the  dis- 
charge of  our  duties,  and  from  time  to  time,  ever  since,  we 
have  been  engaged  in  the  performance  thereof.  These  duties 
have  occupied  a  much  larger  share  of  our  time  than  we  antici- 
pated, and  much  more  time  than  we  have  given  to  them  could 
profitably  have  been  bestowed. 

The  field  of  inquiry  marked  out  for  us  was  a  very  broad 
one,  requiring  extended  investigations  both  at  home  and 
abroad,  a  large  intercourse  with  persons  who  have  charge  of 
or  are  interested  in  institutions  of  a  similar  character,  a  very 
considerable  reading,  and  full  consideration. 

While  we  have  a  ftill  consciousness  that  we  have  not  accom- 
plished all  that  ought  to  have  been  accomplished,  nor  done 
what  we  have  done  as  well  as  it  ought  to  have  been  done,  we 
have  done  the  best  that  we  could  without  giving  to  the  subject 
much  more  time  than  it  was  possible  for  us  to  give,  or  than 
was  expected  of  us  by  the  Legislature  or  your  Excellency. 

We  have  visited  a  large  number  of  jails  and  alms-houses  in 
our  own  State,  including  some  in  the  older  and  richer  counties 


4  REPOBT  OK   PEKAL  AXD 

and  some  of  the  Dew  and  poorer  ones,  and  hare  seen  some  of 
the  best  and  some  of  the  woict  of  both  these  classes  of  insd- 
tntions  to  be  fonnd  within  our  limits.  There  mav  be  some 
exceptionally  good  or  exceptionally  bad,  that  we  have  not  seen^ 
bnt  we  have  seen  enough  to  jndge  accurately  of  their  generd 
condition,  their  prevailing  defects  and  merits,'  and  the  reforms 
which  are  needed. 

We  have  all  visited  the  State  Prison  at  Jackson,  the  Reform 
School  at  Lansing,  and  the  House  of  Correction  at  Detroit, 
and  most  of  us  have  visited  these  institutions  several  time& 
We  have  also  visited  the  Asylum  for  the  Insane  at  Kalamazoo, 
and  the  Institution  for  the  Blind,  and  Deaf  and  Dumb,  at  flint. 

We  have  also  visited  institutions  in  the  States  of  Ohio,  lUi- 
noiSy  New  York,  Massachusetts,  and  Bhode  Island,  although 
in  some  instances  we  have  not  all  visited  the  same  institutions 

We  have  taken  especial  pains  to  see  and  converse  largely 
with  men  who  have  acquired  experience,  skill,  and  reputation 
in  the  management  or  supervision  of  like  institutions  in  our 
own  and  other  States,  and  also  with  eminent  philanthropists 
who  have  made  this  whole  subject  of  the  prevention  and  treat- 
ment of  crime,  vagrancy,  pauperism,  insanity,  and  imbecility  a 
profound  study. 

We  have  also  carefully  read  and  considered  a  large  number 
of  reports,  essays,  and  volumes  bearing  upon  these  subjects, 
many  of  which  are  of  great  and  everywhere  acknowledged 
merit. 

We  have  thus  endeavored  to  fit  ourselves  for  the  performance 
of  the  duties  imposed  upon  us  by  the  Joint  Resolution  of  the 
Legislature,  or  pointing  out  existing  defects  in  our  present  in- 
stitutions, and  recommending  such  improvements  as  we  think 
should  be  made  therein ;  and  making  such  further  recommend- 
ations connected  with  this  subject  as  to  the  Board  may  seem 
proper. 


MEFOKMATORY    INSTITUTIONS. 


CONDITION  OF  OUE  COUNTY  JAILS. 

Ours  has  been  the  experience  of  all  who  have  undertaken  to 
examine  the  actual  condition  of  county  jails,  whether  in  this 
or  in  other  States. 

Their  condition  is  wretched  beyond  all  power  of  description, 
and  beyond  all  conception  of  those  who  have  not  had  the 
experience  of  their  own  senses  in  the  matter. 

There  are,  of  course,  marked  differences  in  the  condition  of 
the  jails ;  some  few,  a  very  few,  are  subject  only  in  a  slight 
degree  to  the  sanitary  objections  made,  but  we  speak  of  their 
condition  in  general.  Some  of  the  worst  jails  are  in  the  oldest 
and  wealthiest  counties. 

The  defects  in  them  are  not  owing  so  much  to  the  manner 
in  which  they  are  kept,  as  to  inherent  defects  in  their  con- 
struction^  their  dili^idated  condition,  and  a  fatal  vice  in  the 
common-jail  system. 

For  the  most  part,  our  sheriffs  are  both  humane  and  compe- 
tent men,  and  as  a  general  rule  the  prisoners  are  well  fed,  and 
treated  with  a  reasonable  degree  of  personal  kindness. 

FIRST — or  SANITARY  DEFECTS. 

It  is  an  acknowledged  fact  that  light  and  fresh  air  in  gener- 
ous measure  are  absolutely  essential  to  a  healthful  condition 
of  both  mind  and  body.  For  the  most  part,  our  jails  seem  in- 
geniously constructed  to  exclude  as  much  of  these  essential 
elements  of  health  as  is  possible  without  destroying  life. 

Nor  is  any  proper  provision  made  for  cleanliness  of  person. 
Many  prisoners  come  to  the  jails  filthy  in  person  and  in 
clothing.  They  are  thrust  into  long,  narrow,  dimly-lighted, 
badly-ventilated  corridors,  from  which  open  the  cells.  There 
are  no  bathing  requirements  or  facilities,  and  prisoners  are  not 
always  required  even  to  wash  their  hands  and  faces.  This 
corridor  is  used  as  the  sitting  and  eating  room  of  all  the  pris- 
oners, clean  and  unclean,  and  is  often  also  the  privy  and  water- 


6  REPORT  OS  PBXAL  AKD 

closet  of  all ;  and  if  not^  the  privy  is  cloisely  adjoining,  and 
the  corridor  is  filled  with  its  fetid  and  sickening  odor. 
The  cells  are  very  small,  nsoally  not  exceeding  in  sixe  four 

or  fiye  feet  by  eight,  and  seven  feet  in  height ;  without  ventfl- 
ating  fines,  and  with  absolutely  no  light  or  air  except  snch  as 
steals  through  the  iron  grates  of  the  narrow  doors  opening 
into  the  corridors.  No  breath  of  pure,  fresh  air  ever  reaches 
the  inmates.  Yet  in  these  cells,  alive  with  vermin,  poisoned 
with  the  stagnant,  fetid  air,  the  prisoners  spend  one  half  of 
their  time ;  and  when  too  sick  to  creep  out  into  the  corridor 
the  whole  of  it 

The  jails  are  crowded  to  excess :  Thus  the  Calhoun  County 
jail,  which  was  built  to  accommodate  eight  prisoners,  some- 
times contain  twenty  inmates.  Two,  and  sometimes  three,  are 
put  into  a  single  cell,  and  a  corridor  not  large  enough  to  ac- 
commodate half  a  dozen  is  the  living  and  eating  room  of  a 
score  of  prisoners.  The  heating  arrangements  are  often  most 
defective  and  iusecure,  and  the  corridors  are  little  to  be  pre- 
ferred to  the  cells.  As  a  rule,  continued  good  health  is  impos- 
sible under  such  circumstances,  and  Mr.  Bingham,  the  Agent 
of  the  State  Prison,  informs  us  that  those  convicts  that  come 
from  a  long  confinement  in  our  county  jails  usually  come  in 
a  very  bad  sanitary  condition,  and  actually  recruit  under  the 
discipline  of  the  State  Prison. 

The  larger  proportion  of  the  persons  confined  in  our  county 
jails  are  confined  awaiting  trial,  and  they  are  often  detained 
month  after  month.  They  are  not  convicts,  and  the  law  pre- 
sumes them  innocent.  Experience  shows  that  a  portion  of 
them  are  innocent  of  the  crimes  with  which  they  are  charged, 
while  a  much  larger  portion  of  them  are  never  convicted. 

The  power  to  arrest  and  detain  persons  charged  with  crimes 
is  one  essential  to  the  public  good,  but  it  is  one  that  is  often 
abused  by  the  malice  of  accusers  and  the  reckless  carelessnesB 
or  corruption  of  officers  ;  and  innocent  persons  are  not  un- 
frequently  the  victims.  But  we  submit  that  whatever  right 
the  State  may  have  to  punish  convicts  by  depriving  them  of 


REFORMATORY   INSTITUTIONS.  7 

sunlight  and  pure  air^  thus  destroying  health  of  body  and 
mind  by  snch  incarceration,  it  has  no  right  thus  to  treat  per- 
sons who  are  simply  accused  of  crime  and  are  awaiting  triaL 
Th$y,  at  least,  are  entitled  to  such  of  the  decencies  and  ordi- 
nary comforts  of  life  as  may  be  consistent  with  safe  detention. 

SECOND — MORAL   CONDITION. 

The  moral  condition  of  our  jails  is  infinitely  worse  than 
their  sanitary  condition,  and  after  a  full  examination  and 
careful  consideration,  we  have  come  to  the  clear  and  painful 
conviction,  that  they  are  the  very  hot-beds  and  nurseries  of 
vice  and  crime,  and  that  the  State  is  directly  responsible  for  a 
large  share  of  the  crime  which  it  seeks  to  punish. 

The  general  plan  upon  which  jails  are  constructed  is  that  of 
corridors,  with  cells  opening  therefrom.  The  prisoners  are 
locked  in  their  cells  at  night,  but  during  the  day  they  congre- 
gate in  the  corridors,  without  employment,  and  without  over- 
sight or  restriction  as  to  intercourse.  There  is  no  separation 
of  the  convicts  from  persons  merely  accused  of  crime.  Here, 
often,  are  gathered  those  old  and  hardened  in  villainy,  lost  to 
shame,  proud  and  boastful  of  their  crimes;  those  who  have 
committed  their  first  crime,  under  the  influence  of  some  strong 
temptation;  those  who  have  committed  some  venial  offense 
while  under  the  influence  of  intoxicating  liquors  or  some  sud- 
den passion ;  mere  children,  new  in  the  paths  of  vice ;  those 
who  are  accused,  but  are  entirely  innocent  of  any  crime ;  and 
those  who  are  arrested  on  civil  process  and  are  unable  to  find 
bail 

If  the  wisdom  of  the  State  had  been  exercised  to  devise  a 
school  of  crime,  it  would  have  been  difficult  to  devise  a  more 
efficient  one.  Here  are  the  competent  teachers,  the  tractable 
pupils,  the  largest  opportunities  for  instruction,  with  nothing 
to  distract  attention  from  the  lessons.  Those  merely  accused, 
and  those  guilty  of  a  first  offense,  however  venial,  are  taught 
that  the  mere  fact  of  an  imprisonment  has  shut  them  out 
from  all  the  avenues  of  respectable  industry ;  that  there  is  no 


8  REPORT  ON   PENAL  AND 

hope  in  that  direction  ;  that  society  has  become  their  enemy ; 
and  that  the  only  course  open  to  them  is  to  become  the  enemy 
of  society.  They  are  taught  how  to  do  this  most  effectually, 
and  that  the  chance  of  detection  and  punishment  decrease^ 
just  as  one  becomes  skillful  in  crime ;  and  all  the  arts,  deyices, 
and  exploits  of  the  experts  are  taught  in  detail  to  listening 
and  wondering  ears,  who  soon  learn  to  admire  the  audacity 
and  skill  described,  and  to  long  to  inutate  and  exoel  such  dis- 
play of  them. 

Oambling  is  a  common  amusement,  and  the  tricks  of  pro- 
fessional gamblers  are  learned.  The  jails  are  ofken  so  arranged 
that  the  male  prisoners  can  converse  with  female  prisoners, 
and  occasional  access  to  the  rooms  of  the  latter  has  been 
obtained. 

The  insecurity  of  the  jail  often  tempts  to  efforts  and  con- 
spiracies to  escape. 

As  a  rule,  the  prisoners  hare  access  to  no  books,  no  efforts  of 
any  kind  are  made  for  their  intelleckial  or  moral  improvement 
and  no  interest  is  shown  in  their  welfare,  unless  occasionally 
some  clergyman,  like  the  Bev.  Dr.  Gillespie,  of  Ann  Arbor,  in 
the  spirit  of  the  Master,  makes  the  jail  and  its  inmates  a  part 
of  his  field  of  labor. 

Can  it  be  wondered  at  that  the  universal  experience  is,  that 
this  treatment  tends  to  make  men  criminals  instead  of  reform- 
ing them  ?  These  evils  are  not  peculiar  to  our  own  State. 
They  exist  elsewhere,  and  all  who  have  turned  their  thought- 
ful attention  to  the  subject,  whether  as  practical  men  or  phi- 
lanthropists, uuite  in  the  opinion  that  our  present  county-jail 
43ystem  is  an  unmitigated  evil,  and  ought  to  be  abated. 

The  State  has  no  right,  under  any  pretext,  to  compel  any 
portion  of  its  citizens  to  such  ruinous  associations.  If  it  does 
not  reform  its  prisoners,  it  should  not  corrupt  them,  and  then 
punish  them  for  the  very  corruption  it  has  wrought  out. 

What  reform  should  be  made  will  be  considered  in  another 
jwrtion  of  this  report. 


IIEPORMATORY   INSTITUTIONS.  D 


OUR   POOE-HOXTSES. 

Like  our  jails,  our  poor-houses  are  in  the  main  adminis- 
tered by  kindly  and  humane  men,  and  the  manifold  evils  which 
exist  spring  rather  from  want  of  intelligent  consideration,  the 
want  of  proper  supervision,  and  the  inherent  defects  of  the 
system  under  which  these  charities  are  administered,  than  from 
any  want  of  humanity. 

The  duty  of  every  community  to  care  for  its  own  poor, 
worthy  or  unworthy,  is  oiearly  recognized  in  every  Christian 
community,  and  at  this  day  it  needs  no  argument  to  make 
that  duty  plain.  This  duty  should  be  performed  so  as  to  lessen, 
and  as  far  as  possible  prevent  pauperism  and  crime.  It  should 
be  so  performed  as  to  do  no  moral  or  physical  injury  to  those  it 
attempts  to  relieve,  but,  on  the  contrary,  to  do  them  good. 

BUILDINGS. 

It  is  difficult  to  generalize  upon  the  condition  of  the  houses 
in  which  the  poor  are  kept.  Some  buildings  are  good,  and 
reasonably  suitable  for  the  purpose  for  which  they  are  used. 
Others  are  most  unsuitable  in  their  construction,  and  others  in 
a  most  dilapidated  condition,  needing  thorough  repair,  or  to 
be  torn  down.  The  general  complaint  of  superintendents  and 
keepers  is,  that  the  board  of  supervisors  do  not  grant  them 
sufficient  means  for  putting  or  keeping  them  in  a  proper  con- 
dition. 

VENTILATION  AND  CLEANLINESS, 

Most  of  our  poor-houses  are  utterly  deficient  in  any  proper 
system  of  ventilation.  The  ventilation  by  windows  and  doors 
does  very  well  for  family  households,  but  as  applied  to  large, 
crowded  rooms,  as  some  rooms  in  a  poor-house  often  are,  and 
filled  with  such  persons  as  occupy  them,  it  is  utterly  defective. 
The  atmosphere  becomes  laden  with  offensive  odors,  and  the 
very  walls  become  impregnated  by  them.    Living  in  such 

2 


10  REPORT  ON   PENAL  AND 

rooms  must  ineritably  be  greatly  prejudicial  to  health,  and 
must  send  many  inmates  to  the  hospital. 

There  is,  too,  for  the  most  part,  an  utter  want  of  bathing 
facilities  and  requirements.  In  some  counties  a  washtub  is 
furnished,  and  inmates  arc  required  to  bathe  the  whole  pergon 
weekly,  but  this  is  not  generally  the  case.  We  found  no  bathing 
tubs,  and  no  generous  supply  of  water.  When  the  character 
and  number  of  inmates  is  considered,  the  importance  of  this 
subject  is  very  great,  and  the  neglect  is  a  very  ealpaUe  one, 
aflfecting  health,  decency,  and  morals. 

HOSPITALS  AND  MEDICAL  ATTENDANCE. 

In  very  few  of  the  poor-houses  are  there  any  auitable  hoepi- 
tal  arrangements.  Where  there  are  rooms  assigned  for  ho^ 
tals,  they  are  for  the  most  part  unfit  for  such  use,  and  ve 
often  crowded  to  excess. 

In  some  of  them  thus  crowded  we  found  the  air  exceedingl; 
offensive,  and  the  rooms  made  thereby  utterly  unfit  for  humas 
habitation.  The  wonder  was,  not  that  the  sick  did  not  get 
well,  but  that  the  well  who  came  in  to  them  did  not  get  eiA. 
When  the  number  of  sick  to  be  found  in  such  institutions  is 
considered,  this  want  of  hospital  accommodations  is  a  veir 
pressing  one.  In  this  connection  the  want  of  proper  medical 
attendance  may  be  mentioned.  This  want,  however,  we  infer 
from  the  salaries  paid,  for  we  had  little  opportunity  to  form  an 
opinion.  Thus  the  rich  county  of  Washtenaw,  with  over  one 
hundred  inhabitants  in  the  poor-house,  and  nineteen  of  them 
insane,  pays  forty-five  dollars  a  year  to  a  physician,  who  fm^ 
nishes  his  own  medieines.  This  is  not,, however,  a  fair  illnstxa- 
tion,  as  many  of  the  coanties  pay  more  liberally,  with  a  smaller 
number  of  inmates.  Jackson  county  pays  one  hundred  dollari : 
Calhoun  eighty,  and  half  the  charge  in  surgical  cases  in  addi- 
tion. But  in  few  cases  do  the  counties  pay  such  a  sum  tf 
would  be  a  very  meager  compensation  for  a  physician  who  can 
command  a  good  practice,  and  no  other  ought  to  be  emplovoL 
whether  reference  be  had  to  the  demands  of  humanity  or  of  a 


REFORMATORY  INSTITUTIONS.  11 

trae  economy.  The  classes  of  disease  met  with  in  poor-houses 
require  to  be  dealt  with  by  men  of  skill  and  experience,  and 
by  such  treatment  the  chances  are  greatly  increased  of  an 
early  convalescence,  and  the  consequent  relief  of  the  county 
from  further  expense. 

Such  men,  too,  can  more  readily  detect  the  attempts  at  impo- 
sition by  shamming  sickness, — attempts  not  unfrequently 
made.  We  can  hardly  conceive  it  possible  that  poor-houses 
can  be  well  served  when  such  beggarly  salaries  are  paid  to 
physicians. 

CLASSIFICATION   OF  INMATES, 

The  two  great  causes  of  pauperism,  as  of  crime,  are  drunk- 
enness and  licentiousness.  Hence,  in  most  poor-houses  a  large 
proportion  of  the  inmates  have  been  brought  there  by  the 
drunkenness  or  lewdness  of  themselves  or  their  parents,  or 
those  upon  whom  they  are  dependent. 

The  immediate  victims  of  these  vices  of  both  sexes,  as 
foand  in  poor-houses,  are  usually  degraded,  debased,  and 
thoroughly  corrupted  both  in  mind  and  body,  and  utterly  unfit 
for  any  association  with  the  comparatively  pure.  Besides 
these,  there  are  found  others,  who,  from  lives  of  criminal  or 
vicious  indulgences,  are  fit  companions  for  the  drunken  and 
the  lewd. 

While  these  classes  in  some  instances  constitute  the  major- 
ity of  those  found  in  our  alms-houses,  there  are  other  and 
entirely  different  classes  who  are  largely  represented  therein. 

There  are  those  who,  from  old  age,  accident,  disease,  or  in- 
firmity, and  without  fault  of  their  own,  are  unable  to  support 
themselves,  and  are  driven  to  the  poor-house.  There  are  weak- 
minded  and  imbecile  persons,  and  idiots,  and  the  incurable  in- 
sane; some  harmless  and  some  not.  Then,  there  are  children, 
some  young  and  helpless,  and  others  of  such  an  age  that  their 
characters  are  becoming  rapidly  formed,  and  who  are  receiving 
life-long  impressions  that  must  shape  their  whole  being. 


12  BEPOBT  OK   PENAL  AND 

The  mingling  of  aU  these  classes  together  can  only  result 
in  unmixed  cTil. 

The  forced  association  of  the  good  with  the  bad  d^radec 
and  corrupts  the  former,  without  improving  the  latter. 

Most  of  our  poor-houses  are  so  constructed  that  no  proper 
separation  and  classification  of  the  inmates  is  possible.  In 
some  of  the  largest  ones  it  could  be  done,  and  to  some  extent 
it  is  done,  although  yerj  imperfectly.  In  the  smaller  ones  the 
very  paucity  of  numbers  makes  classification  impracticable. 

The  result  is,  that  the  unfortunate  are  forced  to  mingle  with 
the  vicious  and  degraded  in  the  same  rooms,  and  in  all  the 
daily  employments  and  associations  of  life.  Professional  pros- 
titutes from  the  cities  associate  with  the  weak  and  innocent 
girl  whom  sickness  has  sent  to  this  last  refuge  of  poverty. 
Innocent  children  mingle  with  the  corrupt  and  vile  of  both 
sexes,  thus  taking  their  first  lessons  in  vice,  receiving  an  edu- 
cation for  a  life  of  pauperism  and  crime.  Thus  in  Wayne 
county,  where  we  visited  the  poor-house,  there  were  over 
twenty  children  old  enough  to  go  to  school,  and  who  for  four 
hours  attended  a  very  good  school,  but  for  the  rest  of  the  time 
mingled  without  restraint  with  the  various  inmates,  many 
of  whom  were  exceedingly  vile  in  more  senses  than  one. 

LABOR  AND  DISCIPLINE. 

We  take  it  to  be  the  settled  conviction  of  all  thoughtfu 
persons  who  have  made  the  treatment  of  pauperism  a  study, 
that  all  inmates  of  poor-houses  should  be  sternly  required  to 
work  to  the  extent  of  their  ability;  and  this  is  not  merely  with 
reference  to  the  direct  benefit  which  the  public  may  derive 
from  that  labor,  but  with  reference  to  the  moral  and  physical 
welfare  of  the  inmates  themselves,  to  the  general  order  and 
discipline  of  the  institution,  and  also  with  reference  to  driving 
from  it  all  who  can  work  and  will  not. 

In  general,  the  poor-house  should  be  either  a  work-house  or 
a  hospital,  or  both  in  one,  and  all  who  are  not  fit  subjects  for 
the  hospital  should  be  required  to  work ;  work  regularly  and 


REFOBMATOBT   INSTITUTIONS.  13 

systematically,  and  this  whether  they  can  accomplish  much  or 
little.  This,  of  conrse,  does  not  apply  to  those  who  are  too 
yonng  or  too  old  to  work,  and  yet  not  sick.  There  is  no  snch 
foe  to  order  and  morality  as  idleness,  this  prolific  parent  of  all 
vice,  and  there  is  no  duty  npon  the  part  of  the  public  to  sup- 
I)ort  any  one  in  idleness  who  can  work.  There  is  also  a  well- 
recognized  moral  power  in  work,  as  an  element  both  in  the 
building  up  and  the  reformation  of  character,  and  discipline 
and  order  cannot  well  be  enforced  without  it 

From  our  examinations  and  inquiries  we  are  satisfied  that  a 
great  reformation,  both  in  the  matter  of  labor  and  discipline, 
is  needed.  To  some  extent,  and  in  some  poor-houses  to  a  con- 
siderable extent,  the  inmates  do  work.  The  women  who  are 
able,  work  abont  house,  help  to  take  care  of  the  sick  and 
helpless,  and  sew  for  the  establishment ;  and  able-bodied  men 
work  on  the  farm.  But  there  are  in  most  poor-houses  a  class 
of  men,  and  in  the  aggregate  a  considerable  number,  who  can- 
not work  much  on  a  farm,  aild  yet  who  could  work  yery 
considerably  at  some  kind  of  mechanical  or  other  labor  in 
shops,  and  especially  is  this  the  case  in  the  winter  season, 
when  the  nnmbers  are  the  largest  and  there  is  little  on  the 
farm  to  be  done,  and  when  the  order  that  comes  from  work  is 
most  essential.  There  is  unquestionably  a  great  practical  and 
economical  difficulty,  underour  present  system,  of  introducing 
mechanical  labor  into  our  poor-houses.  The  number  that  can 
be  thus  employed  in  each  poor-house  is  so  limited,  that  it 
would  not  authorize  the  needful  expense  of  tools,  machinery, 
instructors  and  supervision.  That  the  power  of  labor  in  the 
inmates  of  our  poor-houses,  whatever  it  is,  should  be  utilized 
to  the  utmost  that  it  can  be  consistently  with  their  welfare,  is 
required  by  every  consideration  of  humanity,  economy,  good 
order  and  good  morals.  How  the  reform  can  be  best  intro- 
duced, we  will  hereafter  consider. 

EDUCATION  —  MORAL  AND  INTELLECTUAL. 

The  law  wisely  requires  that  the  children  in  the  poor-houses 
over  five  and  under  eighteen  shall   be  educated,  and  where 


16  REPORT  ON   PENAL  AND 

and  keenly  felt  the  inhumanity  of  this  treatment,  but  his  duties 
in  managing  the  farm  and  caring  for  the  general  welfare  of 
the  institution  were  very  arduous,  demanding  his  entire  time 
and  thought.  He  was  entirely  unacquainted  with  the  man- 
agement of  the  insane,  was  supplied  with  insufficient  assist- 
ance, and  there  were  no  other  rooms  in  the  buildings  wherc^ 
these  poor  creatures  could  be  kept. 

There  is  no  room  to  doubt,  that  if  these  persons,  and  others 
similarly  situated,  were  in  an  asylum  for  the  insane,  they 
could,  by  proper  treatment,  be  taught  the  decencies  of  life,  and 
that  their  condition  would  in  every  respect  be  greatly 
ameliorated. 

In  Kent  county,  we  found  in  the  poor-house  twenty  insane 
persons  and  nine  idiots,  all  in  the  most  deplorable  condition, 
and  presenting  a  most  revolting  spectacle. 

In  Allegan  county,  one  poor  insane  woman  was  found  in  a 
condition  where  her  suffering  from  cold  must  have  been  in- 
tense. 

In  Oakland  county,  where  the  poor-house  is  a  new,  large, 
roomy  buiding,  there  are  good  rooms  for  the  insane,  but  un- 
fortunately there  are  no  proper  means  of  warming  them. 

In  Wayne  and  Washtenaw  counties  they  have  erected  sepa- 
rate buildings  for  the  insane.  In  this  way,  unquestionably, 
better  and  healthier  rooms  are  secured  to  them ;  but  after  a 
careful  examination  and  consideration,  we  are  clearly  of  the 
opinion  that  the  attempt  to  treat  the  insane  in  county  poor- 
houses  is  a  sad,  melancholy  failure,  and  must  continue  to  be 
so. 

The  successful  treatment  of  the  insane,  whether  for  mere 
custody  or  for  cure,  is  a  science  by  itself.  To  fit  one  for  such 
treatment  requires,  in  addition  to  a  natural  fitness,  careful 
medical  and  other  instruction,  much  study,  and  larg^ 
experience. 

These  qualifications  can  only  be  secured  by  good  salaries 
and  the  prospect  of  a  permanent  situation.    That  the  ordi- 


REFORMATORY  INBTITUTIONB.  17 

nary  keepers  of  poor-bouses  are  utterly  unfit  for  such  a 
position  will  be  readUy  admitted.  The  counties  which  have 
built  or  may  build  separate  buildings  for  the  insane  cannot 
afford  to^  and  certainly  will  not,  employ  competent  men 
to  take  charge  of  them.  The  number  of  inmates  is,  and  will 
be  too  small,  and  the  expense  too  great  to  justify  it.  Beyond 
all  question  the  two  hundred  and  more  insane  paupers  not 
now  in  the  asylum  for  them  can  be  treated  much  more  advan- 
tageously and  far  more  economically  in  one  institution,  and 
under  one  supervision,  than  they  can  possibly  be  treated  in  the 
several  poor-houses,  if  they  are  properly  treated. 

Wayne  county,  the  most  populous  one  in  the  State,  with  a 
far  greater  number  of  insane  paupers  than  any  other,  has 
tried  the  experiment  of  a  separate  building  and  supervision, 
under  the  most  favorable  circumstances,  and  it  has  proved  a 
lamentable  failure.  The  building,  though  costing  about 
$21,000,  is  unfit  for  the  purpose,  as  any  building  must  measur- 
ably be,  tbat  any  county  in  this  State  will  undertake  to  build. 
There  is  a  great  want  of  separate  rooms  for  the  treatment  of 
exceptional  cases  and  of  the  sick. 

The  cells  designed  for  the  refractory  and  violent  are  in  the 
basement,  without  light  or  ventilation  except  through  a  grated 
opening  in  the  doors,  and  are  utterly  without  the  means  of 
being  warmed. 

But  the  great  failure  thus  far  has  been,  and  we  think  will 
be,  the  want  of  proper  care  and  supervision. 

The  first  keeper  appointed  was  utterly  unfit  for  the  place, 
and  his  treatment  of  some  of  the  inmates  was  at  times  exceed- 
ingly brutal.  The  second  retained  his  place  but  for  a  few  weeks, 
being  found  incompetent  for  a  proper  discharge  of  his  duties. 
And  such  must  be  the  case  with  any  that  the  counties  will 
be  likely  to  employ,  or  can  employ,  at  the  salaries  which  they 
will  pay. 

Nor  are  the  Superintendents  of  the  Poor,  as  a  rule,  in  our 

3 


18  HEPOBT  OK  PENAL  AKD 

opinion^  the  best  men  to  select  and  employ  such  officers,  or 
snperyise  each  institntions. 

OUB  PAtrPBB  SYSTEM  EXPENSES. 

Onr  examination  and  inquiries  have  satisfied  us  that  our 
pauper  system,  as  it  now  exists  and  is  administered,  is  a  Teij 
expensive  one,  and  we  shall  in  another  connection  refer  to  Hob 
feature  more  fully. 

GENERAL  REMARKS. 

We  have  thus  pointed  out  in  detail  some  of  the  defects  of 
our  poor-houses  and  their  administration.  We  desire  to  say 
that  we  found  many  things  to  approre. 

The  inmates  were  usually  supplied  with  an  abundance  of 
suitable  food,  and  were  treated  with  personal  kindness. 

The  farms  were  usually  in  a  good  condition,  and  the  pecu- 
niary affairs'  ol  the  institutions  are  in  general  managed  with  a 
fair  degree  of  prudence  and  economy.  Indeed,  some  of  the 
defects  which  we  have  referred  to  result  from  an  unwise  econ- 
omy, to  call  it  by  no  harsher  name. 

The  Boards  of  Supervisors  appoiot  the  Superintendents,  and 
fix  the  annual  appropriations  for  the  poor.  Beyond  this  they 
have  seemed  to  feel  lifctle  responsibility.  Their  general  object 
is  to  reduce  the  couuty  expenses  to  the  lowest  possible  point, 
and  in  doing  this  they  often  do  a  great  wrong  to  these  institu- 
tions, whose  wants  they  have  not  sufficiently  studied. 

The  Superintendents  are  embarrassed  by  pinching  appropria- 
tions, and  cannot  do  what  wisdom  and  humanity  require  to  be 
done.  Then,  too,  it  is  not  easy  to  find  a  suitable  person  for 
keeper  of  the  poor-house  for  the  salary  which  is  or  can  be 
paid.  The  position  is  at  once  a  disagreeable,  responsible,  and 
difficult  one.  The  keeper  should  understand  farming  well, 
aud  should  be  a  good  and  upright  man  of  business.  He  should 
also  understand  human  nature  in  all  its  phases,  and  have  the 
rare  power  of  governing  bad  men  and  women,  and  mainly  by 
moral  force.    He  should  be  patient,  kind,  forbearing,  sympa- 


BEFORMATOBY  IN8TITUTI0KS.  19 

thizing ;  gentle  with  the  weak,  and  stem  with  the  obdurate 
These  qualities,  absolutely  essential  to  a  complete  administra- 
tion of  our  poor-house  system,  cannot,  in  general,  be  com- 
manded by  our  several  counties.  These  difSculties,  and  the 
other  defects  which  we  have  pointed  out,  and  others  which 
exist,  seem  to  demand  the  careful  consideration  of  the  Legis- 
lature, and  an  earnest  effort  to  find  a  remedy. 


STATE   INSTITUTIONS. 

We  have  a  more  pleasant  task  in  calling  your  attention  to 
the  penal  and  charitable  institutions  under  the  immediate 
control  of  the  State.  It  has  been  our  experience,  as  it  has 
been  that  of  our  investigators,  to  find,  as  a  general  rule,  that 
institutions  of  the  kind  named,  not  under  some  general  cen- 
tral supervision,  are  subject  to  great  neglects  and  abuses,  and 
that  mere  local  supervision  is  inefficient  both  to  prevent  and 
expose  them. 

THB    ASYLUMS. 

We  have  doubted,  owing  to  the  somewhat  ambiguous  terms 
of  the  Besolntion  under  which  we  act,  whether  we  were  author- 
ized to  visit  the  asylums  of  the  State,  but  at  the  suggestion  of 
your  Excellency  we  have  done  so,  and  the  result  has  been  most 
gratifying  to  ourselves 

They  are  both  institutions  that  give  great  credit  to  the  State, 
and,  so  far  as  we  can  judge,  are  in  good  hands,  and  are  well 
managed  and  supervised. 

The  Asylum  for  the  Insane,  at  Kalamazoo,  is  full  to  overflow- 
ing, and  the  Principal  has  been  under  the  painful  necessity  of 
rejecting  a  large  number  of  applications  for  admission.  These 
rejections  have  very  naturally  excited  jealousy  on  the  part  of 
some,  that  there  was  favoritism  exercised.  After  a  careful 
inquiry  as  to  both  rejections  and  admissions,  we  are  satisfied  that 
the  Principal  has  acted  upon  the  right  principle  of  discrimina- 


20  BBPOBT  ON   PENAL   AND 

tion,  both  as  to  the  character  of  the  patients  and  the  locatitm 
firom  whence  they  have  been  received. 

He  has  endeavored  to  give  preference  to  those  patients  who 
have  been  most  recently  attacked,  and  those  in  whose  cases 
there  is  the  most  hope  of  recovery;  and  to  fairly  distribute  the 
admissions  through  the  State.  That  in  some  given  cases  he 
may  have  misjudged  as  to  the  merits  of  the  different  appli- 
cations, is  not  only  possible,  but  it  is  almost  inevitable.  The 
true  remedy  is,  to  provide  more  extended  acconmiodations. 

We  are  gratified  to  find  in  our  visit  to  other  States,  that 
this,  our  oldest  and  only  complete  Asylum,  has  the  reputation 
abroad  ,of  being  one  of  the  best  institutions  of  the  kind  in  the 
Union. 

The  building  for  the  Educational  Institute  of  the  Deaf  and 
Dumb,  at  Flint,  is  not  yet  completed,  but  is  fast  approaching 
completion  under  the  watchful  supervision  of  Mr.  James  & 
Walker,  Building  Gommisssoner  and  Trustee.  It  will  be  a 
spacious,  convenient,  and  elegant  structure, — perhaps  some* 
what  too  spacious  and  expensive  for  the  present  wants  of  the 
classes  for  whom  it  is  designed.  As  we  have  already  remarked, 
the  Institution  seems  to  be  well  managed  and  in  good 
condition. 

THE  STATE  PRISON. 

We  have  examined  with  considerable  care  into  the  condition 
of  the  State  Prison,  at  Jackson,  its  management,  and  its  general 
workings ;  and  we  find  something  to  approve  and  something 
to  criticise. 

There  are  some  defects  of  location,  construction,  and  con- 
dition, for  which  the  present  management  are  in  no  way  respon- 
sible, yet  the  effects  of  which  they  veiy  sensibly  feeL 

The  prison  is  located  upon  a  low,  wet,  uninviting  si)ot>  with 
no  agreeable  surroundings,  and  the  construction  is  in  many 
respects  exceedingly  defective.  There  is  no  chapel,  and  no 
place  where  any  large  body  of  the  prisoners  can  be  gathered 
together  for  any  purpose,  cxcej)t  in  the  low,  dingy  dining- 


REFORMATORY  INSTITUTlONa  21 

room.  There  is  no  scbool-room,  no  bathing  facilities;  the 
hospital  accommodations  are  insnfficient,  and  the  cells  yery 
poorly  ventilated.  The  yard  walls  are  low,  and  in  many 
places  seem  almost  ready  to  tumble  down,  and  are  exceedingly 
insecure. 

This  insecurity  presents  one  of  the  most  serious  obstacles  to 
good  discipline  that  exists.  It  is  a  constant  temptation  to 
efforts  and  conspiracies  to  escape ;  and  the  hope  of  escape  tends 
strongly  to  unsettle  the  minds  of  -the  convicts,  make  them 
unwilling  to  work,  indifferent  to  good  conduct,  insubordinate, 
and  fortifies  them  agfunst  reformatory  influences.  The  first 
deep  impression  that  should  be  made  upon  the  mind  of  the 
convict  is,  that  he  cannot  escape ;  that  the  law  is  too  strong 
for  him,  and  that  efforts  in  that  direction  are  unavailing. 
Then,  and  only  then,  will  he  settle  down  to  a  sense  of  his  true 
condition. 

But,  besides  these  defects  in  location  and  construction,  there 
fure  other  defects  in  the  condition  of  grounds  and  building 
for  which  the  management  is  responsible.  As  compared  with 
some  prisons  which  we  have  visited  elsewhere,  there  is  a  great 
want  of  order,  neatness,  and  taste  in  the  prison  yard  and  its 
surroundings, — a  careless,  shabby  look,  almost  indescribable 
without  going  into  great  detail,  and  yet  which  is  felt  by  all 
those  who  have  a  higher  ideal  before  them  of  what  such 
grounds  should  be.  Some  of  the  wooden  buildings  within  the 
enclosure  are  in  a  dilapidated,  ruinous  condition,  and  should 
either  be  torn  down  or  repaired.  These  will  bo  considered 
small  matters  by  many,  but  they  aid  very  greatly  in  giving 
character  to  the  institution,  and  they  affect  the  credit  of  the 
State. 

One  very  great  improvement  has  been  made  since  our  first 
visit.  A  building  has  been  erected  for  the  insane  convicts, 
with  large,  airy  cells,  and  with  an  abundance  of  light  and  air. 
The  improvement  in  the  condition  of  these  men  is  very  mani- 
fest   Heretofore  it  has  been  deplorable.    Still  the  fact  exists, 


2!2  RBPOBT  ON  PEKAL  AKD 

that  they  are  ander  the  care  of  men  who  hare  no  expermiee 
or  skill  in  administering  to  the  mind  diseased ;  and  is  it  not  a 
serions  question  whether — ^when  the  insanity  of  the  conyict  ia 
clear— he  should  not  be  treated  like  other  insane  persons? 
He  is  no  longer  a  fit  snbject  either  for  pnnishment  or  leform, 
but  for  cure  or  skilled  costody. 

So  far  as  we  can  judge,  the  business  interests  of  the  prison 
are  managed  with  fidelity  and  skill  by  the  present  Agent,  and 
it  is  more  than  paying  expenses.  This  is  a  very  gratifying 
result,  and  creditable  to  that  officer ;  still,  the  prison  was  not 
established  to  make  money,  and  whether  it  does  so  or  not  is  a 
question  entirely  subordinate  to  the  question  whether  it  is  so 
administered  as  to  accomplish  all  the  good  to  society  for  which 
it  was  designed,  and  which  it  is  capable  of  accomplishing. 

Whether  the  discipline  of  the  prison  is  what  it  should  be^ 
and  whether  the  convicts  are  treated  as  they  ought  to  be,  so  as 
best  to  accomplish  that  good,  are  questions  upon  which  differ- 
ent persons  will  materially  differ  in  spinion,  and  this  difference 
will  depend  mainly  upon  the  different  theories  entertained  as 
to  the  object  and  purpose  of  the  punishment  of  conyicts,  and 
the  end  sought  thereby.  All  will  agree  that  an  incidental  pmv 
pose  of  punishment  is  its  deterring  influences  in  preventing 
others  from  committing  similar  crimes,  and  that  an  incidental 
purpose  of  imprisonment  is  for  the  time  being  to  secure  society 
from  the  further  crimes  of  the  convict  himself,  by  making  it 
impossible  for  him  to  commit  them ;  but  these  are  not  the 
leading  or  principal  purposes. 

One  theory,  and  until  recently  the  common  one,  is  that  the 
leading  object  of  the  imprisonment  of  convicts  is  to  punish 
them  for  crimes  committed,  by  depriving  them  of  all  the 
ordinary  enjoyments  of  life  not  essential  to  its  continued  and 
healtbful  existence,  and  by  close  imprisonment  and  compul- 
sory labors  for  a  given  time,  or  for  life.  In  other  words,  they 
are  to  be  treated  as  so  many  human  machines  submitted  to 
the  custody  of  the  law,  to  be  worked  in  prison  for  a  given  time, 


REFORMATORY  INSTITUTIONS.  23 

or  for  life,  and  to  be  kept  in  good  working  order,  bo  as  to 
acoomplish  the  greatest  amount  of  labor  possible.  This  theory 
requires  that  the  convicts  be  well  fed,  not  over-worked  or 
cruelly  treated,  and  that  they  be  subjected  to  a  rigid  discipline, 
BO  that  order  be  maintained  and  the  work  be  done ;  but  it 
entirely  loses  sight  of  the  welfare  of  the  convict  and  the 
security  of  society  when  he  shall  be  discharged  from  custody, 
if  discharged  at  all,  and  the  practical  working  of  this  theory 
has  demonstrated  that  convicts  are  made  worse,  and  not  better, 
by  its  adoption, — that  as  a  rule  they  are  greater  criminals  after 
imprisonment  than  before,  and  that  society  has  much  more  to 
fear  from  them  than  ever. 

Another  theory  is,  that  the  State  occupies  towards  criminals 
somewhat  the  relation  of  a  parent  to  a  sinning  child, — that 
"While  he  is  to  be  punished,  punishment  is  not  an  end  but  a 
means,  and  that  the  leading  object  of  punishment  is  to  reform 
the  criminal  and  restore  him  to  society  as  a  safe  and  useful 
member  thereof;  and  that  the  mode  of  punishment,  discipline, 
and  treatment  mast  have  primal  reference  to  this  great  eud. 
Of  course  there  lies  at  the  foundation  of  this  theory  a  firm 
faith  in  the  possibility  of  this  reformation  of  criminals,  aud 
without  this  faith  it  cannot  exist  The  advocates  of  this  theory 
are  rapidly  increasing,  both  among  practical  men,  familiar  with 
prison  management,  and  intelligent,  thoughtful.  Christian  phi- 
lanthropists ;  and  they  claim  that  the  experiments  of  the  last 
half  century  in  Norfolk  Island,  in  Prance,  Germany,  Ireland, 
and  in  this  country,  have  proved  that,  by  a  proper  course  of 
reformatory  treatment,  a  very  large  percentage  of  convicts  may 
be  reformed  and  made  safe  and  useful  members  of  society. 
We  shall  hereafter  discuss  more  fully  this  reformatory  system^ 
and  we  merely  remark,  here  that  it  involves  the  use  of  indus- 
trial,  educational,  moral  and  religious  agencies,  and  an  earnest 
attempt  to  fit  convicts  to  become  good  citizens,  and  to  procure 
employment  for  them  on  their  discharge;  that  it  does  not 
involve  a  lax  discipline,  but,  on  the  contrary,  it  demands  a 


24  HEPOBT  ON  PENAL  AND 

dieoipline,  kindly  yet  firm^  and,  if  necessary,  inexorable.  It; 
however,  encourages  hope,  rewards  good  conduct,  and  seeks  to 
arouse  the  energies  of  the  convict  for  his  own  reformatioB. 

Such  a  theory  has  only  been,  and  can  only  be,  successftil  in 
practice,  when  administered  by  capable  men  and  women,  whose 
hearts  are  in  the  work,  and  who  have  an  abiding  faith  in  ihe 
possibility  of  reforming  a  large  proportion  of  the  persons 
placed  under  their  charge. 

If  judged  by  the  theory  first  above  mentioned,  as  to  the 
leading  object  of  imprisonment,  we  think  our  State  Prison  is 
reasonably  well  managed.  Discipline  and  order  among  the 
convicts  are  well  maintained,  and  they  are,  as  a  rule,  well  fed 
and  not  over-worked,  or  cruelly  treated;  but  we  have  reason 
to  fear  that  there  arc  exceptions  to  this  general  rule. 

Judged  by  the  other  theory  given,  we  think  the  manage- 
ment of  the  prison  comes  far  short  of  the  reformatory  systepi 
inculcated  in  theory,  and  as  exemplified  in  practice,  and  we 
think  a  change  could  very  advantageously  be  made  in  this 
direction.  Something  has  already  been  done.  Valuable  addi- 
tions to  the  library  have  been  made,  and  prisoners  are  encour- 
aged to  read.  The  chaplain  seeks  to  win  their  confidence, 
makes  himself  their  friend,  and  leads  their  thoughts  to  liigher 
and  more  sacred  things.  The  want  of  a  chai)el  and  a  school- 
room is  sadly  felt,  and  the  cod  tract  system  interferes  somewhat 
with  that  entire  control  of  the  prisoners  by  the  Agent  which 
is  desirable.  The  commutation  system  is  a  move  in  the  right 
-direction,  and  works  weU ;  and  the  Agent  has  recommended  a 
most  desirable  provision,  by  which  good  conduct  shall  be 
rewarded,  by  permitting  the  family  of  the  convict  to  share  hig 
oamings.  But  under  the  system  established  at  Jackson,  con- 
victs are  not  made  to  feel  that  their  punishment  is  reformatory 
in  its  character,  and  that  it  is  expected  of  them  that  they  are 
to  grow  better  under  it,  and  that  a  deep  interest  is  felt  by 
society  in  that  result,  and  that  every  effort  at  reform  will  meet 
with  warm-hearted  sympathy.  There  is  no  immediate  motive 
before  them  for  especial  good  conduct.    It  brings  no  inununi- 


REFORHATOBY  IKSTITUTI0N8.  25 

ties,  no  priyilegee,  no  distinction.  In  long  terms^  the  hope  of 
abbreviating  the  time  of  detention  is  too  weak  to  operate  with 
mnch  power.  There  is  no  attempt  at  classiiication  on  the  basis 
of  character  or  meritorious  conduct  Their  very  dress,  the 
detested  prison  stripe,  is  at  once  a  badge  and  an  instrument  of 
degradation,  when  the  great  effort  should  be  to  arouse  self- 
respect,  and  stimulate  to  self-amendment  and  elcTation. 

Without  discussing  the  question  whether  flogging  should 
ever  be  resorted  to,  we  think  it  is  administered  here  quite  too 
frequently,  and  on  occasions  when  it  should  not  be.  It  was 
administered  twenty-nine  times  during  the  last  year,  and  is 
resorted  to  occasionally,  simply  to  compel  a  confession,  and 
sometimes  eren  to  compel  the  confession  of  the  motiye  of  an 
act.  Thus,  when  some  prisoners  escaped,  it  was  ascertained 
that  one  who  had  not  escaped  had  made  and  hung  some  iron 
balls  like  slung  shot,  which  were  used  by  the  escaping  prison- 
ers. The  convict  admitted  the  making  of  the  balls,  but 
claimed  that  he  made  them  to  use  about  a  machine  where  he 
was  at  work.  He  was  whipped  to  compel  a  confession  that  he 
had  made  them  for  the  use  of  the  escaping  prisoners,  and  was 
whipped  until  he  did  confess,  and  then  the  whipping  was  sus- 
pended. He  was  not  whipped  for  the  act,  but  to  wring  from 
him,  by  the  torture  of  the  lash,  a  confession  of  the  motive  of 
the  act.  . 

So,  a  convict,  in  attempting  to  escape,  dropped  a  knife,  which 
he  had  made  from  an  old  file.  He  was  asked  for  what  he  made 
the  knife.  He  gave  a  false  reason,  and  was  whipped  until  he 
confessed  that  he  made  it  to  use  in  his  contemplated  escape'. 
He  was  not  whipped  for  the  attempted  escape,  or  for  making 
the  knife,  but  to  compel  a  confession,  and  the  whipping  was 
continued  until  he  did  confess.  This  torture,  to  compel  a  con- 
fession, belongs  to  the  Inquisition  and  to  past  ages.  It  as 
often  compels  the  victim  to  utter  a  falsehood  to  end  the  tor- 
ture, as  to  reveal  the  truth,  and  has  about  it  no  commendatory 

features. 

4 


26  REPORT  ON  PEKAL  AKD 

The  general  concurrence  of  those  who  have  considered  the 
subject  seems  to  be^  that  flogging  tends  to  degrade  the  yictini, 
and  brotalize  both  those  who  inflict  and  those  who  witness  it; 
and  if  resorted  to  at  all,  it  should  only  be  in  extreme  case^ 
From  the  very  nature  of  the  mode  of  punishment,  it  is  Terj 
apt  to  be  inflicted  in  the  heat  of  jmssion  rather  than  with 
judicial  calmness. 

We  have  thus  felt  it  our  duty,  under  the  requirement  of 
the  Resolution^ — to  make  "full  minutes  of  all  the  d^ec^ 
which  we  discover, — to  point  out  what  we  consider  the  defects 
in  the  management  of  our  State  Prison.  As  we  have  already 
said,  in  many  respects  we  find  that  management  worthy  of 
praise,  and  we  entertain  no  doubt  that  the  fixture  will  see 
marked  improvements  in  other  respects. 

The  salary  paid  to  the  Agent  is  utterly  inadequate  for  the 
duties  imposed  upon  him,  and  which  he  does  perform.  We 
think  both  the  mode  of  his  appointment  and  his  term  of  office 
open  to  great  objections.  But  these  subjects  we  shall  hereafter 
consider. 

REFORM.  SCHOOL. 

There  is  no  class  of  institutions  in  which  we  have  become 
more  profoundly  interested  than  in  those  established  for  the 
reform  of  juvenile  offenders.  We  have  examined  several  of 
them  with  care,  and  inquired  into  their  workings,  and  through 
reports  and  printed  volumes  have  endeavored  to  inform  our- 
selves thoroughly  as  to  others, — their  history,  their  workings, 
and  their  stccess.  Whatever  doubts  there  may  be  as  to  the 
possibility  of  reforming  adult  persons  convicted  to  crime, 
there  are  none  whatever  as  to  the  possibility  of  reforming  a 
large  proportion  of  juvenile  offenders.  This  has  been  folly 
proved,  both  in  this  country  and  in  Europe,  and  that  such  in- 
stitutions are  to  be  considered  among  the  most  efficient  means 
for  the  prevention  of  both  crime  and  pauperism,  cannot  be 
doubted.  The  class  of  children  committed  to  them  have,  for 
the  most  part,  come  from  the  class  of  vagrants,  and  therefore 


BEPOEMATOBT  ngBnTUTIOKS.  27 

the  most  nnlikel  j  subjects  of  reform,  jet  the  statistics  show  that 
firom  fifty  to  seventy  per  cent  of  all  the  discharged  inmates  live 
decent  and  reputable  lives,  while  many  of  them  have  become 
men  of  marked  respectability  and  worth  in  their  localities. 
These  institutions  have  been  in  the  main  conducted  with 
especial  reference  to  the  reformation  of  their  inmates  by  the 
power  of  religious  principle,  by  the  kindly  discipline  of  the 
school,  the  work-shop,  the  farm,  and  the  family;  and  just  in 
proportion  as  they  have  assumed  a  penitentiary  character,  they 
have  failed.  The  success  of  all  reformatory  institutions  must 
depend  very  much  upon  the  personal  character  and  efforts  of 
those  who  are  at  the  head. 

No  mere  routine,  no  system  merely  mechanical,  has  ever 
given  or  can  give  success.  They  must  be  pervaded  by  the  true 
spirit  of  Christian  reform,  and  this  must  be  caught  fh)m  and 
inftised  by  the  Principal,  or  by  those  in  charge;  otherwise  the 
success  must  be  very  imperfect. 

While  we  cannot  claim  for  our  Beform  School  that  it  is  a 
model  institution,  yet  we  have  been  in  most  respects  favorably 
impressed  with  its  management  The  Principal  seems  deeply 
imbued  with  the  true  Christian  spirit  of  benevolence,  and 
clearly  comprehends  the  idea  that  the  institution  is  intended 
to  be  reformatory  in  its  character  rather  than  punitive, — that 
it  is  a  school  and  not  a  prison,  and  is  making  earnest,  and  to 
a  very  considerable  extent  successful,  efforts  to  impress  this 
character  upon  the  Reform  School.  A  large  experience,  and  a 
careful  study  of  the  spirit  and  the  method  of  some  of  the  best 
institutions  of  the  kind,  will  no  doubt  enable  him  to  improve 
the  management  of  this. 

As  compared  with  some  institutions  which  we  have  visited, 
it  seems  to  us  that  it  could  be  improved,  among  other  things, 
in  the  general  aspect  of  the  grounds,  both  inside  and  outside 
of  the  inclosed  yard,  so  that  order,  neatness,  and  taste  should 
be  a  more  marked  characteristic  thereof;  by  the  better  classifi- 
cation of  its  inmates  with  reference  to  character  and  conduct; 


28  REPORT  OK   PENAL  AND 

by  a  more  perfect  system  of  grading  and  marking,  so  that  good 
conduct  should  more  certainly  and  obviously  insure  iti 
rewards,  and  bad  conduct  its  penalties,  and  by  a  more  special 
and  earnest  effort  to  prepare  its  inmates  for  a  speedy  discharge 
from  the  school,  the  finding  of  a  proper  place  for  them  in 
private  families,  and  the  careful  looking  after  them  when  thus 
discharged. 

The  Rev.  Dr.  Pierce,  now  and  for  some  years  Ohi^lain  of 
the  New  York  House  of  Befuge,  and  previously  the  Principal 
of  the  Seform  School  for  Girls,  at  Lancaster,  Massachusetts, 
says  in  his  "Half  a  Century  with  Juvenile  Delinquents,"  "all 
institutional  life  is  unnatural,  and  no  child  should  be  confined 
in  any  one,  however  improving,  longer  than  is  indispensable  to 
prepare  it  for  the  natural  home  in  a  family,  where  it  must 
certainly  and  ultimately  live.  We  should  never  weary  of  the 
experiment  of  placing  the  child  in  a  home.  If  it  fails  in  one, 
it  may  find  a  congenial  atmosphere  in  another." 

There  is  no  better  authority  on  this  subject,  and  his  opinion 
is,  we  think,  in  accord  with  that  of  most  others  who  have  given 
much  thought  to  the  subject.  The  child  should  not  be  kept 
so  long  that  this  institutional  life,  in  the  midst  of  congregated 
boyhood,  becomes  either  habitual  or  attractive,  and  so  that  a 
life  of  toil  in  a  quiet  country  family  seems  dull  and  monoto- 
nous ;  and  yet  they  need  to  be  kept  long  enough  to  break  up 
the  vagrant,  roaming  habits  which  have  been  formed,  and 
until  they  have  been  trained  to  regular  industry,  so  that  it  has 
become  a  habit,  and  until  they  have  received  a  rudimental 
education  and  have  developed  a  good  moral  purpose.  As  soon 
as  this  is  done,  they  may  and  should  be  returned  to  their 
friends,  or  intrusted  to  families  of  fanners  or  mechanics  care- 
fully selected,  still  subject  to  the  kindly  supervision  and 
watchful  care  of  the  institution,  or  absolutely  discharged.  The 
time  required  for  this  preparation  will,  of  course,  vary  witii 
the  character  and  age  of  the  child,  the  wisdom  of  the  treat- 
ment, and  with  the  other  circumstances  of  the  case.    The  judg- 


REFORMATORY    INSTITUTIONS.  29 

ment  of  the  Principal  and  of  the  Supervising  Board  must,  of 
conrse,  be  entitled  to  great,  if  not  decisive  weight,  in  deter- 
mining when  the  inmate  is  fitted  to  leave.  It  must,  however 
be  borne  in  mind  that  the  Principal  would  naturally  feel  a 
reluctance  to  part  with  an  inmate  whose  conduct  was  good, 
who  was  in  every  way  improving,  and  who  had  become  an 
example  to  others,  and  had  acquired  skill  in  labor. 

There  are  two  distinct  classes  of  Beformatory  Institutions 
for  Juveniles,  viz:  those  conducted  upon  the  congregated  sys* 
tern,  and  those  conducted  on  what  is  called  the  family  system. 

In  those  conducted  upon  the  congregated  system,  the  inmates 
are  gathered  in  one  large  building,  and  to  a  greater  or  less 
extent  mingle  freely  with  each  other  in  the  play-ground,  the 
dining-hall,  the  school-room,  and  the  work-shop,  subject,  how- 
ever, to  classification,  oversight,  and  various  regulations.  In 
some  they  have  separate  dormitories,  and  in  some  they  sleep  in 
large  rooms  which  are  subjected  to  careful  supervision.  There 
is  usually  a  strong  wall  or  high  fence  around  the  yard  where 
the  inmates  are  permitted  to  be,  to  prevent  escape. 

Under  the  family  system,  there  are  no  high  enclosures,  and 
the  obstacles  to  escape  are  moral  rather  than  physical.  The 
inBiates  are  placed  in  separate  houses  scattered  about  the 
grounds,  each  house  containing  from  thirty  to  fifty  inmates. 
In  the  Industrial  School  for  Girls  at  Lancaster,  Mass.,  which 
may  be  termed  a  model  school  of  this  class,  there  are  five  sep- 
arate buildings  for  scholars,  with  accommodations  for  thirty 
in  each  building,  and  in  each  is  a  matron,  a  teacher,  and  a 
housekeeper.  Each  house  has  its  separate  school-room,  and 
each  household  is  a  distinct  family  by  itself,  holding  very  little 
intercourse  with  the  others. 

They  only  meet  together  in  the  chapel  for  worship,  singing, 
etc.  The  theory  is,  that  as  far  as  possible  the  family  life  should 
be  preserved,  and  that  each  inmate  should  be  brought  into 
intimate  and  kindly  relations  with  the  matron  and  the  teacher, 
who  are  supposed  to  be  fitted  kindly  and  wisely  to  guide,  con- 


30  REPORT  ON  PEKAL  AND 

taroly  and  educate  the  objects  of  their  charge,  and  deyelop  their 
higher  natures.  In  boys'  schools  they  usually  have  a  man  and 
his  wife  at  the  head  of  each  family.  In  some  schools  on  the 
family  system,  the  inmates  of  all  the  houses  attend  the  same 
school,  and  eat  at  the  same  table. 

Some  of  the  most  successful  reformatory  institutions  of 
Europe,  both  for  boys  and  for  girls,  are  upon  this  plan,  as  ai)a 
quite  a  number  in  this  country.  Of  this  class  are  the  Reform 
Schools  of  New  Jersey,  Ohio,  Indiana,  Wisconsin,  and  of 
Chicago ;  while  a  majority  of  all  are  upon  the  congregational 
system,  including  the  largest,  and  in  many  respects  the  best 
and  most  successful  of  all,  the  New  York  House  of  Befnge, 
we  think  it  too  early  yet  to  determine  which  of  the  two  sys- 
tems is  entitled  to  a  decided  preference,  if  either.  One  prac- 
tical difSculty  in  the  family  system  in  this  country  is  the 
securing  of  a  sufScient  number  of  proper  persons  to  put  at  the 
head  of  each  household. 

The  number  of  persons  fitted  for  the  position  is  very  small, 
and  that  number  cannot  be  obtained  at  the  prices  which  are 
or  will  be  paid,  especially  as  a  Principal  to  preside  over  the 
institution,  as  a  whole,  would  still  be  required,  of  the  same 
eminent  opacity  as  in  a  congregated  one. 

In  Europe  the  same  difficulties  do  not  exist  as  to  obtuning 
a  proper  "house-mother,"  " house-fethers,"  " elder  brothers,"* 
etc.,  for  the  several  houses.  Persons  are  trained  for  this  pur- 
pose as  for  a  Christian  duty.  Their  places  are  comparativdy 
permanent,  and  the  success  of  these  schools  is  largely  depend- 
ent on  these  facts. 

The  "  Beform  School  for  Boys,"  at  Westborough,  Mase^  is 
upon  a  mixed  system,  having  a  large  central  building  upon 
the  congregated  plan,  and  several  houses,  accommodating 
thirty  each,  under  the  care  of  a  man  and  his  wife.  Bev.  Hr 
Wines,  the  Secretary  of  the  Prison  Association  of  New  York, 
thus  describes  and  speaks  of  the  workings  of  this  system : 

"  All  the  boys  committed  to  the  Institution  are  first  plaoed 
in  the   congregated  departmen^t,  from  which,  as  a  rewiurd  of 


BEFOBHATOBY  IK8TITUTION8.  31 

merit,  they  are  promoted  to  one  of  the  families  when  yacaiicies 
occur  in  these  by  the  discharge  of  their  inmates.  The  mem- 
bers of  a  family  hold  their  positions  subject  to  a  forfeiture  by 
miscondncty  in  consequence  of  which,  and  as  a  punishment 
therefor,  they  are  sent  back  to  the  congregated  departqtient. 
This  arrangement  is  found  in  practice  to  operate  as  a  power- 
fal  stimulus  to  good  conduct;  first,  as  a  means  of  purchasing 
a  place  in  the  family,  where  greater  freedom  and  increased 
privileges  are  enjoyed,  and  no  less,  secondly,  as  a  means  of  re- 
taining it." 

The  judgment  of  the  trustees  on  this  point  is  thus  expressed 
in  their  report :  "  We  think  the  two  systems,  the  congregate 
and  the  family  combined,  are  better  than  either  separate." 

And  it  must  be  admitted  that  there  are  advantages  lying  on 
the  surface,  and  obvious  at  a  glance,  in  this  combination. 

Our  own  school  has  already  one  house  outside  of  the  high 
enclosure  intended  for  safe  custody,  and  we  believe  that  it  is 
proposed  to  erect  another,  and  gradually,  if  they  operate  well, 
to  work  into  the  mixed  system.  Our  own  judgment  favors 
this  plan.  We  may  safely  pronounce  our  Beform  School  thus 
far,  a  success.  While  it  has  not  accomplished  all  the  good  that 
the  most  sanguine  anticipated,  nor  all  that  it  can  do,  it  has 
been,  and  is  doing,  a  good  work  in  rescuing  from  a  life  of 
vagrancy  and  crime  a  very  large  number  of  its  inmates ;  and 
under  the  improved  management  that  will  come  from  a  larger 
exj)erience  and  a  more  profound  study,  we  may  confidently 
anticipate  a  greatly  increased  usefulness. 

DETBOIT  HOUSE  OP  COBBECTION. 

This  institution  has  been  in  operation  but  a  few  years,  but 
it  has  already  acquired  a  wide-spread  and  almost  a  national 
reputation  for  remarkable  success  in  several  particulars. 

1st.  For  its  pecuniary  success. 

2d.  For  its  success  in  maintaining  a  high  standard  of 
discipline,  without  the  use  of  the  lash  or  similar  modes  of 
punishment 


3*Z  BBPOBT  OK  PEKAL  AND 

dcL  For  iU  saoceee  as  an  edacational  and  reformatory  ij 
tntion. 

This  fact  has  led  us  to  examme  carefalty  into  its  numag^e- 
ment  and  general  worl^ings. 

It  was  peculiarly  fortunate  in  obtaining  for  its  Superintend- 
ent one  who  had  been  educated  for  such  work,  and  who 
expected  to  make  the  management  of  prisoners  a  lifelong  busi- 
ness. He  was  not  appointed  as  a  reward  for  political  service 
or  with  any  reference  to  his  political  opinions,  but  be  was 
sought  out  in  anather  State,  and  selected  and  employed  is 
sensible  business  men  would  select  and  employ  an  agent  for 
a  responsible  position,  with  sole  reference  to  his  peculiar  fitness 
for  the  position;  and  a  salary  has  been  paid  sufScient  to 
obtain  and  retain  his  senrices. 

The  result  is,  that  with  prisoners  whose  confinement  averages 
but  about  one  hundred  days,  during  the  eight  years  of  its 
existence  the  earnings  of  the  House  of  Oorrection,  over 
expenses  and  deficits,  have  been  sixty-nine  thousand  eight 
hundred  and  thirty-seven  dollars  and  eighty-three  cents. 

Its  deficits  were  aU  within  the  first  two  years,  so  that  in  the 
last  six  years  its  surplus  has  been  eighty-one  thousand  three 
hundred  and  seventeen  dollars  and  ninety-seven  cents,  <^  an 
average  of  thirteen  thousand  five  hundred  and  fifty-three 
dollars  per  annum. 

We  find  that  there  is  no  practical  di£Bculty  in  maintaining 
discipline  without  the  lash  or  similar  punishments. 

A  spirit  of  order  and  obedience  to  the  established  rules  gen- 
erally pervades  the  institution,  and  flagrant  disobedience  is 
very  rare. 

But  we  have  been  especially  interested  in  the  reformatory 
efforts  here  put  forth,  and  their  results. 

We  think  the  efforts  may  be  thus  classified :  1st,  Sanitary ; 
2d,  Educational ;  3d,  Moral  and  Beligious. 

l8t.  Of  the  Sanitary.    Good  ventilation  is  secured,  and  clean- 


REFORMATORY  IKSTITTrTIONS.  33 

liness  is  everywhere  enforced,  both  of  the  cells  and  rooms  and 
of  the  person. 

There  are  ample  opportunities  for  bathing  the  whole  person, 
and  it  is  required  as  often  as  once  a  week,  and  sometimes 
oftener.  The  result  is  that  the  health  of  the  prisoners  is 
remarkably  good. 

Dr.  Brown,  in  his  report  for  the  year  1869,  says  it  has  been 
**  one  of  uninterrupted  good  health,^'  and  adds  that  they  are 
indebted  for  this  "  to  the  perfect  ventilation  of  all  the  wards, 
the  system  of  cleanliness  enforced  in  every  department,  the 
fi^quent  bathing  of  inmates,  and  the  sound  and  wholesome 
provision  furnished.^'  During  the  past  hot  summer  the  same 
general  health  has  prevailed. 

This  cleanliness  and  good  health  is  a  good  foundation  for 
other  reformatory  cflTort. 

2d.  Bducational.  The  school  is  a  very  marked  feature  in 
the  House  of  Correction,  and  its  success  in  arousing  the 
inmates  to  aspire  to  a  higher  ideal  of  life  than  they  have  before 
cherished,  and  to  an  earnest  eflfort  to  cultivate  their  faculties, 
is  very  marked.  It  must  be  borne  in  mind  that,  as  in  most 
prisons  for  adults,  the  majority  of  the  prisoners  are  under 
thirty  years  of  age,  and  nearly  half  of  them  are  under  twenty- 
five. 

The  school  is  held  two  evenings  in  the  week  in  the  chapel, 
which  is  so  arranged  that  both  men  and  women  may  be  pres- 
ent without  seeing  each  other.  It  is  under  the  charge  of  an 
accomplished  teacher,  Mr.  Tarbell.  of  the  Bishop  Union 
School,  assisted  by  the  chaplain,  while  Miss  Hall,  also  a  most 
capable  teacher,  has  special  charge  of  the  women's  school. 

Mr.  Tarbell  says:  "The  change  in  the  appearance  of  the 
prisoners  is  very  manifest."  "  Those  who  are  doing  the  best 
are  the  young  men  from  twenty-five  to  thirty  years  of  age." 

In  addition  to  the  ordinary  course  of  teaching  in  classes, 
Mr.  Tarbell  gives  them  a  short  lecture  upon  some  interesting 
topic  connected  with  their  education.    In   addition   to  this 

5 


34  RSPOBT  ON  PEXAL  AND 

Bchooly  every  Saturday  afternoon  during  the  winter  season  thf 
prisoners  are  coUected  in  the  chapel  to  listen  to  a  short  lec- 
ture upon  some  interesting  subject  These  courses  of  lecturei 
have  been  really  very  valuable,  and  have  deeply  interested  the 
prisoners. 

They  have  access  also  to  a  very  good  library,  and  boob 
therefrom  are  distributed  to  them  by  the  chaplain. 

3d.  Moral  and  Religious  Efforts.  All  experience  in  attempts 
to  reform  prisoners  has  shown  the  importance  of  moral  and 
religious  forces  as  elements  in  any  true  reform.  Such  forces 
seem  to  have  become  especially  potent  here.  The  prisoners 
are  made  to  feel  that  the  chaplain  is  their  sympathizing  friend 

He  treats  them  not  as  a  class  by  themselves,  of  criminate, 
but  as  men  and  women  needing  sympathy  and  help — needing 
the  strength  and  consolation  which  come  from  penitence  and 
firom  faith  in  a  redeeming  Saviour.  They  are  earnestly  taught 
that  they  not  only  mai/y  but  that  they  ought  to  become  tme 
Christians,  and  respectable  members  of  society.  Profoand 
religious  impressions  seem  to  have  been  made  that  are  bring- 
ing forth  their  legitimate  fruit  in  this  life. 

Besides  these  special  efforts,  care  is  taken  to  make  the  {ffi»- 
oners  feel  that  the  very  purpose  of  the  punishment  to  whid 
they  are  subjected  is  correctional  and  curative,,  not  merelj 
punitive,  and  that  the  officers  in  charge,  as  well  as  society  is 
general,  arc  really  seeking  the  good  of  the  imprisoned,  and 
that  in  this,  their  own  help  and  co-operation  are  sought  and  are 
needed.  After  careful  inquiry  we  are  satisfied  that  the  result 
of  these  reformatory  efforts  is  hopeful  and  cheering.  Those 
results  cannot  be  reduced  to  figures,  or  in  any  way  very  aecm^ 
ately  measured,  but  that  many  men  and  women  have  been 
truly  reformed,  there  seems  to  be  no  doubt  What  has  been 
accomplished  is  sufficient  to  stimulate  to  greater  efforts  in  the 
same  direction. 

Amongst  other  things  desirable  to  complete  a  system  o( 
reformatory  measures  are,  first,  facilities  for  testing  the  char- 


KEFORHATORY   IN8TITUTI0KS.  35 

acters  of  those  hopcfnllj  reformed  before  their  absolute  dis- 
charge, and,  secondly y  an  efiBcient  agency  to  procure^  as  far  as 
poMUe,  home  employment  iipon  discharge. 

Experience  here,  as  elsewhere,  has  clearly  shown  that  pris- 
oners confined  for  short  terms  are  not  within  the  reach  of 
educational  or  reformatory  influences,  and  that  they  are  dis- 
charged without  improvement,  and  to  a  great  exent  to  go 
through  again  the  same  routine  of  drunkenness,  disorder, 
profligacy,  crime,  arrest,  conviction,  and  imprisonment. 

It  may  be  asked,  what  good  purpose  is  served  by  such  a 
system? 

The  House  of  Shelter  for  Women,  under  the  care  of  Mrs. 
Wiggins,  as  matron, -and  Miss  Hall,  as  teacher,  seems  to  be 
arranged  very  judiciously,  and  gives  promise  of  great  good  in 
its  efforts  to  restore  sinning  women  to  useftilness. 

The  value  of  such  a  refuge  to  the  weak  and  erring  cannot 
well  be  estimated. 


RECOMMENDATIONS. 

Having  thus  referred  to  existing  systems  and  institutions, 
their  merits  and  their  defects,  we  now  proceed,  in  the  ftirther 
discharge  of  our  duties,  to  make  such  suggestions  and  recom- 
mendations for  their  improvement  as  seem  to  us  advisable. 

In  some  respects  no  State  is  better  situated  than  our  own 
for  making  improvements,  especially  in  the  important  matters 
of  dealing  with  pauperism  and  crime. 

Except  in  two  or  three  counties  the  investments  for  poor- 
house  buildings  are  very  small,  and  the  farms  occupied  by  them 
are  worth  much  morc  than  they  cost. 

We  have  but  one  State  Prison,  and  that  is  in  a  condition  so 
that  it  will  require  early  and  extensive  repairs  and  improvements. 

We  can,  without  serious  loss  in  any  quarter,  adopt  such  sys- 
tems of  caring  for  the  poor,  and  of  conducting  prisons,  as  the 
experience  of  other  States  and  countries  may  suggest,  and  the 
Legislature  in  its  wisdom  may  deem  the  beet,  and  such  as  are 


36  BEPOBT  ON   PBKAL  AJO) 

most  in  accordance  with  the  spirit  of  the  age  and  the  tme 
principles  of  Christian  philanthropy. 

COUITTY     JAIL6. 

Any  effective  reform  of  our  prison  institutions  must  inrolve 
a  radical  change  in  the  existing  county  jail  system.  An  eti 
to  be  remedied,  as  pointed  out  in  a  prerious  part  of  this  reprnt, 
is  the  want  of  means  to  separate  prisoners  awaiting  trials  sod 
persons  detained  as  witnesses,  from  those  convicted  and  under- 
going the  sentence  of  the  law. 

Mainly  on  this  account,  to  be  accused  of  crime  and  confined 
in  jail  awaiting  the  issue,  hardly  ever  fails  to  attach  a  social 
stigma  to  the  individual,  which  even  an  honorable  aeqniiiBl 
does  not  entirely  remove.  He  is  liable  as  long  as  tiie  memory 
remains,  to  be  twitted  as  a  "jail  bird.'' 

The  demoralizing  influence  of  this  liability  is  only  to  be 
fathomed  by  the  degree  of  sensitiveness  of  the  individual  char- 
acter. Some  will  feel  its  injustice  more  than  others,  but  all  are 
hurt  by  it.  The  remedy  must  come  from  the  drawing  of  a 
line  of  demarkation  between  the  accused  and  convicted,  as 
well  defined  in  their  practical  treamentj  as  the  law  recogniies 
in  its  theory, — ^presumptive  innocence  until  guilt  be  proven. 
To  apcomplish  this,  it  seems  to  us  indispensable  that  Houses 
of  Detention  should  be  established  for  safe  custody  of  the 
accused,  avoiding  entirely  the  use  of  the  term  "jail,"  in  this 
connection. 

The  Executive  Committee  of  the  Prison  Association  of 
New  York,  in  their  annual  report  for  1869,  introduce  the  sub- 
ject of  the  county  jails  of  that  State,  in  the  foUowing  language: 
"A  popular  preacher  in  Brooklyn  said  recently,  in  a  sermon, 
*  Look  at  our  jails !  They  are  a  disgrace  to  civilization.  Some 
are  fit  to  put  wild  beasts  in,  but  most  of  them  are  not' 
The  rhetoric  is  strong  here,  but  there  is  a  terrible  basis  of 
truth  underlying  it.  There  may  be  half  a  dozen  of  the  sixty- 
eight  jails  in  the  State  (though  we  could  scarcely  name  as 


HEFORMATORY    IHSTITUTIONB.  37 

many)  properly  constructed  to  meet  the  exigencies  of  the 
existing  system ;  but  in  general  they  are  as  faulty  in  construc- 
tion and  arrangement  as  they  well  can  be, — dark,  damp, 
cramped,  ill-ventilated,  and  gloomy  in  the  extreme/'  This 
description  might  also  have  been  written  for  the  jails  in 
Michigan.  It  is  impossible  to  believe  that  the  advancing  civil- 
ization of  the  age,  and  the  knowledge  to  be  derived  from  the 
attraction  of  public  attention  at  this  time  to  the  general  sub- 
ject of  prison  management,  will  permit  this  condition  to  be 
permanent  Mistaken  and  ill-judged  economy  no  doubt  con- 
tributes largely  to  produce  the  miserable  state  of  so  many  of 
our  jails,  and  the  question  of  cost  will  be  one  of  the  obstacles 
to  reform.  Assuming,  however,  that  public  sentiment,  once 
awakened,  will  insist  upon  improvement,  the  necessity  for 
rebuilding  or  remodeling  a  great  majority  of  the  county  jails 
becomes  at  once  apparent 

Should  this  course  be  taken,  we  see  no  reason  why  much 
additional  cost  need  be  involved  in  remodeling  the  system  as 
well  as  the  buildings  ;  and  in  all  other  respects,  it  would  prove 
a  most  favorable  time  for  instituting  measures  for  moral 
reform. 

Begarding  our  county  jails,  under  the  present  mode,  as  hot- 
beds for  the  propagation  of  crime  and  criminals,  we  hold  the 
best  good  of  society,  nay,  that  its  very  safety  demands  the 
change  which  we  suggest  Our  views  upon  this  subject  are  so 
well  expressed  by  the  Prison  Association  of  New  York,  that 
we  again  quote  from  their  twenty-fifth  annual  report: 

"  County  jails  should  be  made  simply  houses  of  detention. 
Their  punitive  character  should  be  abrogated,  and  a  class  of 
prisons,  occupying  a  middle  ground  between  the  Stdte  Prison 
and  the  common  jail,  established  for  the  treatment  of  persons 
convicted  of  minor  offenses.  Detention  for  trial,  and  punish- 
ment on  conviction,  are  essentially  different  processes,  and  ^  the 
fitness  of  things'  requires  in  each  a  special  method  in  har- 
mony with  its  nature,  and  adapted  to  the  end  in  view.    There 


38  REPORT  OX   PEXAL  AND 

is  between  the  convicted  and  the  accused  the  vast  difference 
which  separates  judicial  certainty  from  simple  suspicion. 
Hence^  the  association  of  these  two  classes  in  prison  is  not  only 
an  impropriety  and  a  wrong,  but  a  procedure  contrary  to 
morals^  to  justice,  to  the  public  security,  to  humanity,  which 
no  Christian  nation  should  permit,  and  which  the  criminal 
law  ought,  at  whatever  cost,  to  prohibit.  ♦  ♦  *  ♦  Sepa- 
rate imprisonment  should  be  enforced  in  all  common  jails. 
If  association  is  the  seminal  evil  of  our  jail  system,  the  remedy 
must  be  in  individual  imprisonment.  The  Prison  Association 
held  this  view  from  the  start,  and  has  maintained  it  through- 
out The  reason  on  which  this  view  reete  is  not  far  to  seek. 
Persons  under  the  arrest  of  justice,  charged  with  different 
offenses,  almost  always  differ  also  in  age,  character,  and  moral 
condition.  Suppose  ten,  twenty,  fifty  such  confined  in  the 
same  prison ;  some  of  them  will  be  wholly  innocent,  others 
guilty  of  some  slight  misdemeanor,  and  others,  still,  utterly 
blasted  and  gangrened  by  a  long  course  of  crime.  Is  it  not  a 
supreme  injustice  to  compel  a  contact  of  the  former  with  the 
latter, — to  force  upon  the  upright  man,  unjustly  prosecuted, 
the  contiguity,  morally  and  physically  corrupting,  of  those 
gross  and  foul  natures  who  are  awaiting  their  legitimate 
punishment  ? '' 

A  State  that  incaroeraks  one  of  her  citizens  for  any  cause, 
is  bound,  by  every  principle  of  rectitude,  to  use  all  possible 
precautions  against  his  being  restored  to  society  a  worse  man 
than  when  he  was  arrested.  To  secure  this,  the  Houses  of 
Detention  must  be  well  constructed  and  well  governed,  and 
should  have  provision  for  regular  employment  and  instruction. 

In  this  connection,  we  quote  fi-om  the  report  of  a  commit- 
tee on  prison  architecture,  to  the  Legislature  of  the  State  of 
New  York : 

"With  the  sole  exception  of  the  deprivation  of  liberty, 
nothing  in  these  places  of  detention  ought  to  take  on  the 
afflictive  austerity  of  the  prison.    No  doubt  every  citizen* 


RKFORMATOEY   INSTITUTIONS.  39 

when  the  puhlic  weal  requires  it,  is  boand  to  pay  the  painful 
tribute  of  a  forced  detention,  till  his  innocence  is  established ; 
but  justice  demands  a  detention  which  separates  him  from  all 
impure  contact  To  meet  this  demand  requires  that  we 
advance  one  step  farther ;  that  is,  that  we  keep  the  accused 
from  one  another  by  means  of  cellular  separation,  the  only 
proper  and  rational  mode  of  detention  for  this  class  of  pris- 
oners. To  refuse  to  the  accused  such  a  shield  against  con- 
tamination is  at  once  a  denial  of  the  right  and  an  abuse  of 
power.  It  is  to  impose  on  him  a  punishment  which  may  hare 
the  gravest  consequences,  both  for  himself  and  society,  and 
vhich,  therefore,  no  plea  can  either  justify  4tf  excuse." 

These  Houses  of  Detention  should  be  subject  to  supervisory 
inqieotion  from  the  Central  Board,  should  one  be  established, 
88  hereinafter  suggested. 

INTKRMEDIATE  PRISONS. 

The  adoption  of  our  recommendation  in  regard  to  county 
jails  being  used  only  as  houses  of  detention,  would  involve  the 
necessity  of  providing  some  other  means  of  custody  for  the 
class  of  prisoners  sentenced  to  confinement  in  the  common 
jails  under  the  present  system.  To  send  them  to  the  State 
Prison  is  not  to  be  thought  of,  for  reasons  so  obvious  as  not  to 
need  enumeration.  How,  then,  are  they  to  be  held,  and  how 
treated  ?  We  answer,  by  the  institution  of  a  class  of  inter- 
mediate. District  Prisons,  of  which  the  Detroit  House  of 
Correction,  already  spoken  of,  may  be  taken  as  a  type,  to  occupy 
a  middle  place  between  the  House  of  Detention  and  the  State 
Prison  proper.  These  Dintrict  Prisons  might  be  located  at 
convenient  points  in  the  State,  and  we  consider  should  be 
under  State  control.  They  should  be  reformatory  in  character 
in  the  most  practical  sense.  All  persons  convicted  of  minor 
ofienses  should  be  sent  to  them  and  put  to  work.  Among  the 
advantages  of  such  prisons  may  be  suggested :  the  opportunity 
their  management  should  afford  for  classifying  the  prisoners ; 
that  industrial  labor  might  be  fully  organized  in  them,  and 


40  REPORT  ON   PENAL  AND 

the  cost  of  crime  be  diminished  by  the  income  deriyed  from 
sach  labor ;  not  one  of  which  advantages  can  be  derived  under 
the  county  jail  system,  to  say  nothing  of  the  importance  of 
getting  rid  of  the  demoralizing  contamination  which  the  latter 
system  entails. 

Besides  these  improvements  separate  departments  for  impris- 
onment of  the  young  might  fitly  form  a  feature  in  the  system^ 
and  the  State  Prison  might  properly  be  relieved  by  the  con- 
finement in  these  institutions  of  convicts  now  sent  there  on 
short  sentences. 

RBPOBM. 

An  adequate  and.catisfkctory  system  of  prison  discipline  has 
been  defined  to  include  the  reformation  of  the  criminal,  the 
punishment  of  crime,  and  the  protection  of  society.     Having 
already  seen  the  extent  to  which  the  system  of  jnrispmdenoe 
established  by  society  is  responsible  for  the  propagation  of 
crime,  we  may  well  question  the  right  of  society  very  rigidly 
to  yUii  punishment  upon  the  individual  for  the  offense  it  has 
been  a  main  instrument  in  creating,  or  at  least  in  causing  him 
to  commit.    Neither  ought  we  to  overlook,  in  this  connection, 
the  well  established  fact  of  hereditary  inheritance  of  a  ten- 
dency to  vicious  habits,  leading  eventually  to  criminal  acts, 
which  partakes  of  the  nature  of  a  disease,  that  deprives  the 
possessor  of  full  control  of  his  moral  faculties,  if  it  do  not 
even  divest  him  of  consciousness  of  their  existence,  and  which 
certainly  blunts  his  perceptions  of  the  difference  between  right 
and  wrong,    Then,  when  considering  the  protection  of  society 
as  involved  in  this  definition  of  prison  discipline,  it  needs  no 
argument  to  demonstrate  that  there  is  no  method  by  which 
society  can  do  so  much  to  protect  itself,  as  through  the 
reformation,  if  practicable,  of  the  criminal.    Hence  the  propo- 
sition for  reformation  might  not  improperly  be  regarded  wa 
embracing  the  whole. 

Besearches  into  criminal  statistics  reveal  the  fact  that  in 
the  State  Prisons  of  the  United  States  the  proportion  of  minon 


REFORMATORT  IK8TITUTION8.  41 

incarcerated,  taking  the  average  in  tbem  all,  is  oyer  twenty 
p«r  cent;  that  in  one  it  rises  to  nearly  fifty  per  cent;  and 
that  in  several  others  it  exceeds  one-fourth  of  the  whole 
number;  that  the  tendency  in  every  department  of  vice  and 
crime  seems  to  be  of  late  years  youthtcard  ;  that  thieves,  pick- 
X>ocket8y  burglars,  and  indeed  every  class  of  criminals,  average 
many  years  younger  now  than  they  did  a  quarter  of  a  century 
ago ;  and  that  the  same  is  true  of  drunkards.  Such  being 
the  testimony  of  the  Executive  Committee  of  the  Prison 
Association  of  New  York,  can  an  organized  and  wdl  devised 
attempt  at  reformatory  discipline,  such  as  our  present  system 
does  not  afford,  begin  too  soon  ? 

Although  laboring  under  the  difSeulty  of  having  to  deal  in 
the  main  with  very  short  sentenced  convicts,  the  Detroit 
House  of  Correction  presents,  in  its  management  and  influ- 
ence, the  best  example  of  a  reformatory,  or  intermediate  prison, 
with  which  we  are  acquainted  in  this  country.  Its  accom- 
plished superintendent,  Z.  B.  Brockway,  Esq.,  in  an  able  paper 
contributed  to  the  twenty-fourth  annual  report  of  the  Prison 
Association  of  New  York,  says:  "  The  design  of  these  insti- 
tutions is  two-fold,  viz:  preventive  and  reformatory, — to 
restrain  and  prevent  the  manifestation  qf  the  vicious  inclin- 
ations of  the  class  described,  and  to  improve  the  character  of 
the  individuals  who  commit  offenses  and  are  imprisoned  there- 
for. The  true  interests  of  society  are  best  promoted  by  those 
measures  that  prevent  the  perpetration  of  offenses  and  the 
growth  of  bad  character  in  its  members;  for  every  infraction 
of  law  not  only  mars  the  character  of  the  offender,  and  brings 
into  activity  a  bad  element,  but  is  a  shock  to  the  fabric  of 
society,  weakening  the  whole  structure  in  proportion  to  the 
trivid  or  heinous  character  of  the  offense.  The  Christian 
institutions,  benevolent  and  charitable  societies,  and  educa- 
tional establishments,  are  all,  in  the  nature  of  their  organiza- 
tioni  admirably  adapted  to  this  work ;  but  as  their  influence 
doe9  not  perfectly  accomplish  this  end,  some  other  provision 

6 


42  REPORT  ON   PENAL  AND 

is  necessary  for  the  treatment  of  those  who  bnak  throng 
these  restrain tSy  and  actually  enter  upon  a  vicious  course,  lead- 
ing, as  vicious  practices  always  do,  towards  the  commission  of 
the  higher  crimes.  ♦  *  ♦  ♦  The  reformatory  designs  of 
these  establishments  must  not  and  need  not  be  lost  sight  of 
in  OUT  zeal  for  their  preventive  influence,  for  the  highest  wel- 
&re  of  the  inmates  is  perfectly  consonant  with  the  best  welfiu^ 
of  society  at  large.  I  do  not  hesitate  to  say,  that  in  the  reforma- 
tion of  prisoners,  and  in  wise  efforts  to  that  end,  will  be 
found  a  key  to  the  true  prison  system,  and  the  soundest 
criminal  code.    ♦♦♦♦** 

^'  The  design  of  these  municipal  or  intermediate  estaUMi- 
ments,  then,  may  be  stated  to  be  the  treatment  of  persons  who 
commit  offenses  against  society,  known  as  misdemeanors,  with 
the  view  to  exert  a  preventive  and  reformatory  power,  Ifce 
preventive  force  being  most  surely  had,  and  in  largest  meas- 
ure, by  locating,  constnicting,  organizing,  and  administering 
them  for  the  main  purpose  of  reformation.    *        *        * 

u  They  must  be  legislated  into  existence  as  a  part  of  society, 
in  harmony  with  every  means  she  adopts  for  her  preservation 
and  the  highest  development  and  welfare  of  her  members. 
Just  as  hospitals  and  asylums  are  instituted  to  heal  physi- 
cal and  mental  disease,  so  these  prisons  should  be  established 
to  cure  moral  deformity.  They  are  needed  as  adjuncts  to  the 
various  refining  and  purifying  agencies,  to  make  ftirther  effort 
in  the  same  direction  for  those  who  arc  not  held  by  them  to 
symmetrical,  moral  development,  and  who  become  an  offense 
to  society  in  spite  of  them." 

The  unavoidable  length  of  this  report  must  prevent  us  from 
entering  into  much  detail  on  what  may  be  considered  the  beet 
system  of  reformatory  prison  discipline,  on  which  much  differ- 
ence of  opinion  exists  among  those  who  have  made  it  their 
study.  We  must  content  ourselves  with  a  glance  at  the  lead- 
ing features  of  those  which  seem  to  have  met  with  the  beet 
success.    If  the  ftandamental  principles  meet  the  approval  of 


REFORMATORY   INSTITUTIONS.  43 

the  legislative  body,  the  details  wonld  be  a  fit  subject  for  future 
consideration. 

SHORT  SENTENCES. 

At  the  outset  one  of  the  greatest  obstacles  to  reform,  com- 
plained of  by  prison  oflScers  and  others,  is  the  prevalence  of 
short  sentences.  Earl  Stanley,  some  years  since,  said  in  an 
address  on  reformatory  institutions:  "It  is  proved  by  a  con- 
carrenee  of  testimony  that  short  imprisonments  are  not 
reformatory  in  their  effect;  that  usually  they  send  back  the 
offender  more  hardened  than  he  went  in.  The  difficulty  is 
not  to  find  witnesses  on  this  point,  but  to  choose  them.  I 
believe  there  is  not  a  governor  of  a  gaol,  not  a  chaplain,  not 
a  chairman  of  the  quarter  session,  who  is  not  here  of  one 
mind." 

Dr.  Staats,  physician  of  the  Albany,  N.  Y.,  Penitentiar)*, 
one  of  the  model  prisons  of  the  United  States,  says  in  his 
report  for  1868 :  **The  ten-day  cases— convictions  for  public 
intoxication — have  been  numerous,  and  have  required  much 
of  our  care  and  attention ;  all  of  little  avail,  however,  for,  to 
jndge  from  the  frequency  with  which  these  persons  return  to 
the  penitentiary,  their  brief  season  of  abstinence,  instead  of 
quenching  the  appetite  for  strong  drink,  only  enhances  its 
intensity.  It  is  mortifying  to  notice,  year  after  year,  the 
extent  to  which  our  hospital  is  made  an  infirmary  for  habitual 
drunkards."  And  the  Board  of  Inspectors  of  the  same  insti- 
tution, speaking  of  the  income  of  the  penitentiary,  observe : 
•^  The  relative  falling  off  in  this  particular  will  prove  very  con- 
siderable, if  we  are  obliged  to  devote  a  large  share  of  the  earn- 
ings of  our  efficient  hands  to  the  support  of  a  battalion  of  ten 
to  sixty-day  men  and  habitual  drunkards,  who  waste  the  sub- 
stance of  the  institution  without  any  return,  or  even  benefit 
to  themselves." 

The  Rev.  David  Dyer,  in  an  essay  entitled  "  Impressions  of 
Prison  Life  in  Great  Britain,"  remarks:  '^I  was  led  more 
deeply  than  ever  to  feel  the  inutility,  as  a  general  rule,  of  short 


44  BEPOBT  ON   PEKAL  AND 

(nentences.  In  the  first  visits  I  made,  I  was  sarprised  to  find 
so  many  persons  confined  for  periods  extending  from  two  to 
seven  days,  daring  which  time  they  were  generally  sabject  to 
low  diet  and  hard  labor.  On  inquiring  the  reason  for  snob 
sentences  and  treatment,  I  was  repeatedly  told  that  the  preva- 
lent practice  in  Qreat  Britain  is  to  subject  those  who  have 
been  found  guilty  of  petty  offenses,  to  a  short,  sharp,  deterrent 
coarse  of  punishment,  that  they  might  be  kept  from  the  far- 
ther commission  of  crime.  I  asked  if  this  was  the  practical 
result  of  this  course,  and  I  was  assured  that  it  was  not,  for 
that  the  number  of  recommittals,  which  were  chiefly  from  this 
class  of  convicts,  was  very  large,  not  less  than  thirty-nine  per 
cent,  and  these  have  increased  ten  per  cent  within  the  last  ten 
years.  I  repeatedly  inquired  of  different  prison  governors, 
whether  they  thought  such  sentences  generally  useful,  and  the 
answer  I  received  invariably  was  an  emphatic  No.  Some 
added.  They  are  baneful  in  their  effect,  and  pointed  to  the  laige 
number  of  recommittals  as  proof.  On  asking  what  they  would 
do  with  persons  who  had  been  repeatedly  convicted  and  sen- 
tenced for  short  periods,  thej replied:  *Make  every  additional 
offense  a  heightened  aggravation,  and  impose  a  proportionate 
punishment."' 

The  Howard  Association,  a  society  formed  in  London  for 
the  improvement  of  prison  discipline,  say:  "These  repeat<^ 
short  sentences  are  very  mischievous.  For  further  committals 
there  should  be  sentences  of  sufficient  duration  to  form  habits 
of  labor,  in  collective,  industrial  occupations,  and  to  impart  an 
ability  to  earn  an  honest  living  '^ 

General  Pillsbury,  Superintendent  of  the  Albany,  N,  Y., 
Penitentiary,  whose  reputation  as  an  experienced  and  most 
successful  prison  official  is  cosmopolitan,  in  his  annual  report 
for  1869,  to  the  Inspectors, says  on  this  subject:  "  Of  the  1,029 
prisoners  received  during  the  year,  864  (or  more  than  four- 
fifths)  admitted  themselves  to  have  been  intemperate,  and  795 
(or  more  than  three-fourths)  were  committed  for  terms  of  less 


BEFORMATORT  INSTITUTIONS.  46 

than  six  months.  A  great  many  of  these  were  persons  oon- 
Ticted  of  public  intoxication  and  sent  here  for  ten,  twenty, 
or  thirty  days,  in  default  of  payment  of  some  small  fine.  It  is 
for  the  lawgivers  to  determine  whether  imprisonment  in  the 
penitentiary  is  the  best  pnoishment  for  public  intoxication  in 
any  case,  but  if  it  is  designed  to  have  any  effect  in  curing  the 
vice  of  drunkenness,  a  term  of  not  less  than  six  months  shonld 
be  imposed  in  all  cases  of  second  or  ftirther  conviction.  Under 
the  existing  law,  it  is  not  unfreqnent  for  the  same  individuals 
to  bo  convicted  ten,  twenty,  or  thirty  time^  of  public  intoxica* 
tion,  and  on  each  occasion  committed  for  a  few  days.  The 
records  of  this  institution  are  full  of  such  instances.  On  ottr 
books  for  the  past  year,  I  notice  one  case  where  a  prisoner  con- 
victed of  public  intoxication  for  the  thirty-third  time,  was  sen- 
tenced to  be  commilted  here  twenty  days,  or  to  pay  a  fine  of 
five  dollars ;  and  in  default  of  this  paltry  fine,  the  trifling  term 
of  twenty  days*  imprisonment  was  the  penalty  enforced.  Such 
prisoners  are  a  constantly  recurring  burden  upon  the  institu- 
tion, and  consequently  upon  the  county,  for  they  are  unfit  to 
labor  during  the  short  time  they  are  confined  after  their 
debauch,  and  they  go  forth  nnreformed  and  unimproved,  only 
to  repeat  the  same  offense  of  public  intoxication,  and  to  be 
sent  back  to  prison  for  another  equally  brief  and  useieffl  period. 
If  they  wore  sent  to  the  penitentiary  for  a  term  of  not  less 
than  six  months,  there  might  be  some  hope  of  weaning  them 
from  their  vicious  and  destructive  habit,  and  restoring  them 
to  such  a  bodily  condition  as  would  fit  them  for  useful  labor." 
We  might  multiply  such  testimony,  but  enough  has  been 
quoted  to  show  that  short  sentences  are  opposed  to  reforma- 
tion, and  financially  a  burden  to  the  institutions. 

INDETERMINATE  SENTENCES, 

It  may  bo  asked  if  it  can  be  consistent  with  justice  to  inflict 
long  terms  of  imprisonment  for  minor  offenses.  The  answer 
involves  a  feature  of  criminal  jurisprudence  new  in  this  State, 
but  the  principle  of  which  has  been  tried  with  marked  success 


46  REPORT  ON   PENAL  AND 

elsewhere ;  that  is,  to  Bentenoe  the  oonTieted  offender  fSor  a 
term  to  be  determined  by  the  evidence  of  reformation,  and 
detain  him  in  custody  until  he  shall,  by  reliable  test^  demon- 
strate that  he  has  the  will  and  the  power  to  abandon  his  crim- 
inal propensities.  The  doctrine  that  the  offender  shonld  be 
detained  until  by  his  own  efforts  and  conduct  he  shall  have 
earned  the  right  to  be  firee,  originated  with  that  profound 
thinker.  Archbishop  Whately.  Since  its  first  suggestion,  it  has 
been  growing  in  favor,  and  has  been  adopted  as  the  true  prin- 
ciple, by  many  of  the  most  active,  progressive,  best-informed, 
and  thoroughly  practical  philanthropists  among  those  who 
have  devoted  their  attention  to  prison  administration,  as  wdl 
by  prison  officers  as  by  those  who  in  other  capacities  are  giving 
their  time  to  the  benevolent  object  of  ameliorating  prison 
discipline  and  reforming  the  criminal  classes.  This  method 
is  strongly  advocated  by  Rev.  Dr.  Wines,  corresponding  secre- 
tary of  the  New  York  Prison  Association,  who  defines  it  thus: 
'*  It  is  based  on  the  idea  that  the  criminal  is  a  dangerous  man, 
or,  if  you  please,  a  morally  insane  man,  whom  it  is  not  safe  to 
suffer  to  go  at  large;  and  therefore  he  must  be  restrained  of 
his  liberty,  till,  like  other  madmen,  his  cure  has  been  effected, 
and  he  may  be  set  free  without  new  peril  to  the  communil^. 
Or  to  state  the  same  principle  in  other  words,  men  who  have 
conmiitted  crime  have  thereby  forfeited  their  privil^es  in 
society,  and  before  they  can  regain  them,  they  must  give  satis- 
fEtctory  proof  that  they  again  deserve  and  are  not  likely  to 
abuse  them.  Can  anything  be  more  conformable  to  abstract 
reason  and  natural  justice  than  such  a  principle?  It  would 
not,  as  might  be  supposed  on  a  superficial  view,  proscribe  pun- 
ishment as  such,  which  will  always  be  necessary  both  to  teach 
the  lesson  that  ^  the  way  of  the  transgressor  is  hard '  and  to 
induce  penitence  and  submission  ;  still  less  would  it  leave  out 
of  view  the  object  of  setting  a  deterring  example.  What  it 
would  do  would  be  to  raise  the  character  of  both  these  elements 
in  criminal  treatment,  placing  the  first  in  the  light  of  a  ben0V' 


REFORMATORY  IK8TITUTIOK8.  47 

cletU  means  by  making  it  an  agency  of  reformation^ — whereas 
at  present  it  is  too  often  regarded  as  a  vindictive  endy — and 
secnring  the  second  by  showing  the  law  constantly  and  neces- 
sarily  victorious  over  individual  obstinacy y  instead  of  being,  as 
now,  frequently  defeated  by  it.    No  doubt  much  of  the  hard- 
ness of  old  offenders  arises  at  present  from  the  gratification  of 
pride  in  braving  the  worst  that  the  law  can  inflict,  and  main- 
taining an  ungovernable  will  amid  all  its  severities.     But  for 
this  pride  there  would  be  no  place  in  a  system  in  which  more 
endurance  could  serve  no  useful  end,  and  only  subniissiony 
obedience,  and  reformation  could  restore  to  freedom.     Under 
such  a  system  the  voice  of  the  law  to  a  convicted  felon  would 
be:    *  You  have  broken  one  of  the  first  laws  of  society;  you 
have  shown  yourself  unfit  to  go  at  large ;  you  must  be  separ- 
ated for  a  season  from  your  fellows ;  you  must  suffer  the 
penalty  which  the  law  has  righteously  annexed  to  transgres- 
sion ;  you  must  be  shut  up  in  prison  and  remain  there  until 
you  give  evidence  that  you  are  a  changed  man,  and  can  be 
safely  permitted  to  enjoy  your  freedom.    In  thus  dealing  with 
you,  society  has  no  resentments  to  gratify,  no  vengeance  to 
inflict    It  is  for  your  good,  as  well  as  for  her  safety,  that  she 
so  afflicts  you ;  you  must  be  punished  for  what  you  have  done ; 
but  while  you  are  in  prison  we  will  give  you  every  chance  to 
recover  yourself.    Nay,  more,  we  will  help  you  in  that  work. 
K  you  are  ignorant,  we  will  give  you  an  opportunity  of  learn- 
ing in  the  prison  school  what  you  ought  to  have  learned  in  the 
common  school.    If  you  never  learned  a  trade,  we  will  put  you 
in  possession  of  one.     If  religious  trutli  was  withheld  from 
you  in  childhood,  you  shall  be  made  acquainted  with  it  in 
your  adult  age.     We  will,  through  these  various  agencies, 
impart  to  you  the  power,  and  we  would  fain  hope  the  disposi- 
tion, to  earn  and  eat  honest  bread.    But  you  must  work  with 
us;  your  will  must  be  in  accord  with  ours;  your  efforts  must 
tend  in  the  same  direction ;  there  must  be,  on  your  part,  a  real 
and  hearty  co-operation  with  us.    On  this  condition  alone  can 


48  REPORT  ON  PENAL  AND 

you  attain  that  radical  refonnation  of  character  to  whicli  we 
wish  to  bring  yon,  and  the  attainment  of  which  is  indispensa- 
ble to  your  liberation.  Until  you  show  to  our  satisfaction 
that  you  can  be  restored  to  freedom  with  safety  to  the  com- 
munity, your  imprisonment  must  continue;  and  if  you  nei^er 
give  us  such  satisfaction,  then  you  never  can  be  discharged, 
your  imprisonment  will  be  for  life.  We  do  not  set  the  mad- 
man free  till  he  is  cured  of  his  madness ;  neither  can  we  safe- 
ly, or  even  justly,  set  the  criminal  free  till  he  is  cured  of  his 
propensity  to  crime.  As  the  security  of  society  and  the  good 
of  the  lunatic  require  that  his  confinement  should  be  regulated 
upon  this  principle,  so  equally  do  the  security  of  society  and 
the  good  of  the  criminal  demand  that  his  incarceration  should 
be  adjusted  upon  the  same  principle.  We  put  your  fate  into 
your  own  hands,  and  it  is  for  you  to  determine  the  period, 
within  certain  necessary  limits,  during  which  the  restraint 
upon  your  liberty  shall  continue.  You  may  either  prolong  it 
to  the  close  of  your  life,  or  restrict  it  to  a  duration  which  yon 
yourself  will  allow  to  be  but  reasonable  and  just."* 

Mr.  Brockway,  of  the  Detroit  House  of  Correction,  has 
strongly  enforced  similar  views  on  various  occasions.  In  his 
annual  report  for  1868,  he  says,  in  speaking  of  prostitutes, 
vagrants,  confirmed  pilferers,  and  those  whose  appetites  or  pas- 
sions are  beyond  their  control,  who  by  indulgence  become 
dangerous  members  of  society  and  are  convicted  of  misde- 
meanors :  ^^  Experience  has  demonstrated,  that  to  sentence  sadi 
persons  to  imprisonment  for  definite  periods  of  time  fireqnently 
subverts  the  purpose  in  view,  and  is  almost  always  a  hindrance ; 
for  the  effect  of  too  long  sentences  is  depressing,  and  if  too 
brief,  diverting,  so  that  in  either  case  that  mental  process 
essential  to  reformation  is  prevented  or  destroyed.  Human 
wisdom  is  insufficient  to  adjust  the  sentence  at  the  time  of 
imposing  it,  as  now  done,  so  as  to  avoid  this  consequence,  and 
I  am  satisfied  that  it  can  only  be  accomplished  by  the  aid  of 
that  observation  of  the  character  and  conduct  jto  be  had  sub- 


BBFOKMATOBT  INSTITUTIONS.  49 

sequent  to  the  commitment  of  the  prisoner.  There  cannot 
certainly  be  an  increase  of  liability  to  erroneous  and  unjust 
sentences,  by  leaying  the  duration  of  imprisonment  to  be  de- 
termined by  competent  authority  after  suitable  opportunity  for 
observing  the  prisoner,  but  on  the  contrary  it  must  be  lessened 
by  such  a  course." 

In  his  essay  on  "  Intennediate  Prisons/'  before  referred  to, 
the  same  gentleman  says,  "  Every  consideration  that  warrants 
the  commitment  of  men  to  hospital  or  asylum  until,  in  the 
opinion  of  competent  persons,  they  are  sufficiently  healed  to 
return  to  society  without  injury,  is  an  argument  for  holding  in 
custody  persons  of  such  moral  character  as  to  render  them 
inimical  to  the  general  welfare,  until  they  are  changed,  and  can 
mingle  with  their  fellows  without  contaminating  them.  And 
when  such  persons  reach  this  point  they  should  not  be  held 
in  confinement  because  of  arbitrary  sentence.  This  standard 
of  legislation  possibly  cannot  be  reached  at  once,  but  effort  in 
this  direction  should  be  made  in  the  organization  of  every  new 
estabUshment." 

As  the  result  of  much  discussion  on  this  topic  in  Great 
Britain,  the  London  Times  remarked :  "  We  believe  it  will  be 
found  the  cheapest  and  most  politic  course,  as  well  as  the  most 
humane,  to  leave  no  stone  unturned  to  bring  about  the 
reformation  of  criminals,  and  not  to  discharge  them  upon 
society  until  they  are  reformed.  In  desperate  cases  we  must 
even  acquiesce  in  the  conclusion  of  imprisonment  for  life." 
And  the  London  Spectator  adds  on  this  subject,  that  the 
detention  of  criminals  until  their  reformation  "would  be 
justified  upon  the  same  grounds  that  justify  the  detention  of 
the  insane.  As  long  as  they  are  criminally  disposed  they  are 
morally  insane,  and  should  be  in  safe  custody.  As  soon  as 
they  have  ceased  to  be  criminally  disposed,  and  become  dis- 
posed, like  ordinary  people,  to  earn  their  livelihood  in  an 
honest  way,  they  are  cured  of  their  insanity,  and  may  safely 
go  at  large." 


50  BXPOBT  ON  PEKAL  AKD 

Nowhere,  perhaps,  are  the  arguments  in  faTor  of  this  prin- 
ciple more  forcibly  presented  than  in  a  paper  addressed  to  Ber. 
Dr.  Wines,  and  read  at  the  National  Congress  on  Penitentmrj 
and  Reformatory  Discipline,  held  at  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  in 
October  of  the  present  year.  The  writer  is  Matthew  Daycn- 
port  Hill,  recognized  as  one  of  the  ablest  criminal  jurists  of 
Oreat  Britain,  who  brings  to  the  consideration  of  the  snbject 
the  knowledge  gained  from  an  experience  of  about  forty  years 
as  Judge  of  the  Becorder^s  Court  of  the  city  of  Birmingham, 
in  England. 

He  maintains,  substantially,  that  all  punishment  is  a  means 
to  an  end,  not  the  end  itself, — the  end  being  the  diminution  of 
crime ;  yet  he  would  not  contemn  any  other  good  which  may 
be  incident  to  the  means  adopted  to  secure  that  result  As  a 
general  principle,  the  diminution  of  crime,  so  far  as  it  is  to  be 
effected  by  punishment,  must  be  sought  for  in  the  reformation 
of  the  criminal,  and  for  that  purpose  it  is  a  necessary  and  a 
legitimate  exercise  of  human  authority  to  detain  him  until 
this  effect  shall  have  been  produced. 

A  criminal  is  a  man  who  has  suffered  under  a  disease, 
exhibiting  itself  in  the  perpetration  of  crime,  and  who  may 
reasonably  be  held  to  be  under  the  dominion  of  such  disease, 
until  his  conduct  afford  very  strong  presumption  not  only  that 
he  is  free  from  its  immediate  influence,  but  that  the  chances 
of  its  recurrence  have  become  exceedingly  remote.  It  will  be 
at  once  admitted  that  if  we  could,  with  certainty,  so  teun  a 
criminal  during  his  imprisonment  as  to  relieve  him  foreTer 
from  all  disposition  to  relapse  into  crime,  any  length  of  incar- 
ceration would  be  well  spent,  both  as  regards  the  interests  of 
society,  and  especially  as  regards  the  interest  of  the  criminaL 

If  the  offender  must  be  sent  to  prison,  what  is  to  measure 
the  duration  of  the  punishment?  Time  sentences  are  so 
familiar  to  our  minds,  and  enforced  by  such  long  ages  of 
prescription,  that  an  inquiry  into  their  reasonableness  demands 
efforts  which  few  can  be  induced  to  make.    In  apportioning  a 


BEFOBMATORT  IK8TITUTT0N8.  51 

time  sentence  to  a  given  oflfensc  we  assume  that  some  assign- 
able jMfoportion  exists  between  offenses  and  inflictions, — ^that  a 
pound's  weight  of  crime  should  bo  visited  with  a  pound's 
weight  of  punishment, — but  the  vague  proportion  we  are  able 
to  establish  in  our  minds  carries  us  a  very  little  way  towards 
the  exactitude  reqiiired  for  practical  purposes.  This  failure  is 
manifested  by  daily  experience.  Whenever  a  case  is  tried  by  a 
plurality  of  judges,  it  is  well  known  that  it  is  only  by  com- 
promise they  agree  upon  a  sentence  wherever  the  Legislature 
has  left  them  discretionary  power.  If  this  be  true  of  judges, 
who,  sitting  together  month  after  month,  are  worn  with  an 
approach  to  mental  uniformity,  the  difference  of  apportion- 
ment between  one  court  and  another  must  be  so  great  as  to 
preclude  all  hopes  that  crimes  meet,  as  a  rule,  with  their 
desert,  neither  more  nor  less.  In  our  attempt  to  award  pain 
according  to  desert,  we  are  fated  to  err,  either  on  the  side  of 
mercy  or  severity.  When  the  jury  has  convicted  the  prisoner, 
it  remains  to  be  considered  whether  the  offense  is  mitigated  or 
aggravated  by  its  incidents ;  whether  the  prisoner  is  young  or 
of  mature  age ;  whether  he  has  had  the  advantages  of  educa- 
tion, or  been  under  the  influence  of  ignorance  and  evil  associ- 
ations; whether  or  not  he  has  been  previously  convicted; 
whether  his  deviation  from  rectitude  seems  an  exception  or 
indicates  the  rule  of  his  life.  All  these  and  many  other  points 
for  consideration  will  rise  up  in  the  mind  of  a  thoughtftil 
judge,  but  they  will  assuredly  not  be  dealt  with  by  any  two 
minds  so  as  to  result  in  the  same  infliction.  And  if  we  take 
into  account  the  modiflcations  of  opinion  which  society  under- 
goes from  time  to  time,  and  observe  its  effect  on  the  sentences 
pronounced  at  various  periods  for  offenses  of  similar  magni- 
tude, we  shall  all  come  to  the  conclusion,  that  standards  of 
punishment  are  much  more  easy  to  imagine  than  to  realize. 
Having  watched  the  operation  of  non-reformatory  punishments 
for  more  than  half  a  century,  Mr.  Hill  offers  himself  as  a 
witness  to  the  illusory  nature  of  all  expectation  that  they  can 


52  BEPOBT  ON  PENAL  AND 

be  made  effectual  as  deterrents  from  repetition  of  crime.  I^ 
then  (he  says),  ifc  be  impossible  to  duly  adjust  penalties,  and  if 
simply  deterrent  punishments  are  inefScacious,  in  what  |Hin- 
ciple  can  we  find  refuge  except  that  of  reformation  or  cur$f 
But  as  a  cure  cannot  be  predicted  in  any  case  with  abeolnte 
certainty,  the  time  required  for  its  accomplishment  cannot  be 
measured  in  advance,  and  there  is  no  rational  altematiTe  but 
that  of  sentences  undefined  in  extent. 

The  next,  and  perhaps  the  most  imjiortant  to  be  considered, 
is,  how  shall  it  be  ascertained  wlieu  the  moral  cure  is  accom- 
plished? Premising  that  a  strong  presumption  in  fayor  of 
reformation  it>  all  the  certainty  that  the  nature  of  the  case  will 
admit  oi,  and  bearing  in  mind  that  upon  careful  analysis  all 
moral  certainty  resolyes  itself  into  a  high  degree  of  probability, 
— such  a  probability  as  justifies  us  in  acting  upon  it, — ^we  find 
the  problem  practically  solved  for  us,  not  only  in  the  Old 
World,  but  in  the  New. 

IBISH   PRISON  SYSTEM. 

The  former  we  find  in  what  is  known  as  "  The  Irish  Prison 
System,"  devised  and  inaugurated  at  Dublin  in  1854,  by  Sir 
Walter  Orofton;  the  latter  in  the  government  of  the  New 
York  House  of  Befuge  on  Bandall's  Island. 

Under  the  Irish  system,  the  convict  is  brought  to  under- 
stand that  his  fate  is  measurably  in  his  own  hands ;  and  the 
opportunity  is  afforded  him,  during  his  imprisonment,  through 
industry,  learning,  and  good  conduct,  to  raise  himself,  step  by 
step,  to  positions  of  greater  freedom  and  comfort,  while  idle- 
ness and  bad  conduct  produce  the  contrary  result  There  are 
four  distinct  stages  in  this  system. 

The  first  stage  is  one  of  solitary  confinement  under  circum- 
stances of  great  privation,  designed,  apparently,  to  show  the 
power  of  the  government  to  compel  the  most  refractory  to  obe- 
dience, as  well  as  to  demonstrate  in  the  future  by  its  contrast 
with  the  indulgences  of  the  more  advanced  stages,  the  advan- 


BEPORHATOBY  IKSTITUTI0K6.  53 

tages  to  bo  gained  by  good  conduct,  and  what  the  prisoner  may 
be  liable  to  fall  back  to,  by  remand,  for  ill  conduct  Un^r  its 
discipline  the  most  obdurate  and  defiant  wills  are  found  to 
yield*  The  duration  of  this  strict  imprisonment  is  usually 
eight  months,  but  may  be  reduced  by  uniform  good  conduct. 
At  the  end  of  the  first  four  months,  however,  the  privations 
are  considerably  modified.  At  first  the  seclusion  is  absolute ; 
then  the  cell  door  is  thrown  open  a  part  of  the  day,  and  after- 
wards during  the  whole  day.  This  is  felt  to  be  a  great  privil- 
ege after  four  months  of  total  seclusion,  and  is  withdrawn  for 
any  misconduct  Meantime,  the  system  is  minutely  explained 
to  the  prisoner,  and  the  explanations  are  repeated  till  he  fully 
understands  them  and  is  impressed  with  the  conviction  that 
his  condition  during  his  imprisonment  will  depend  mainly  on 
his  own  conduct,  while  his  treatment  by  the  officers  satisfies 
him  that  they  are  really  concerned  for  his  welfare.  The  usual 
effect  of  this  first  stage  of  imprisonment  is  to  plant  in  the  con- 
vict's mind  the  feeling  that  there  must  be  an  active  co-operation 
on  his  part  with  his  keepers  in  the  effort  to  effect  his  improve- 
ment, moral,  mental,  and  industrial.  Its  operation  is  to  cause 
the  antagonism  he  first  felt  towards  the  authorities  to  gradually 
melt  away,  and  replace  it  with  the  feeling  that  kindness  and 
sympathy  have  met  him  where  he  looked  only  for  harshness 
and  oppression. 

The  second  stage  embraces  four  classes  of  different  grades. 
Its  operation  is  that  of  progressive  classification,  in  which  the 
convict  advances  from  one  grade  to  another  by  merit  marks ; 
these  marks  being  given  severally  for  general  good  conduct,  for 
diligence  at  work,  and  for  the  desire  shown  for  improvement  in 
education, — not  for  actual  progress  made. 

The  design  of  the  marks  given  is  in  a  great  measure  to 
realize  to  the  mind  of  the  convict  ^^  that  his  progress  to  liberty, 
within  the  period  of  his  sentence,  can  be  furthered  only  by  the 
cultivation  and  application  of  qualities  opposed  to  those  which 
led  to  his  conviction.^'  Mainfold  inducements  to  good  conduct 


54  RSPQBT  OK  PBNAL  AXD 

and  obedience  are  held  out  to  the  eonyiota  in  tiiis 
besj^es  the  progress  toward  liberation  within  their  flereral 
terms  of  sentence.  Such  distinctions  between  the  sevenl 
classes  are  made^  and  such  rewards  and  prinleges  are  granted 
to  each,  as,  without  impairing  the  discipline^  are  fitted  to  invite 
and  encourage  them  in  a  course  of  vigorous  self-restraint  and 
self-culture,  the  great  effort  of  the  authorities  being  to  indnce 
the  prisoner  to  become  the  principal  agent  in  bis  own  xefoim- 
ation. 

The  third  stage  of  this  system  is  termed  the  ^^intermediate 
prison/'  and  is  so  called  because  it  holds  a  middle  gronnd 
between  an  imprisoment  strictly  penal  and  a  condition  of 
full  liberty.  The  imprisonment  here  is  almost  wholly  moiaL 
Walls,  bars,  and  bolts  are  discarded,  and  very  little  snpervisian 
is  employed.  In  the  Irish  system,  two  principles  are  never 
lost  sight  of,  viz.,  firsU  the  necessity  of  placing  tiie  felon  at 
the  outset  under  rigid  restraint,  and  making  him  feel  ^that 
the  way  of  the  transgressor  is  hard ;"  second^  the  reformation 
of  the  ofifender  being  the  ultimate  object  in  view,  that  this 
restraint  must  be  gradually  relaxed,  and  the  lesson  of  active 
exertion  and  self-control  be  imparted  in  place  of  that  of  mere 
passive  submission  to  authority.  This  third  stage  is  bat 
slightly  penal,  and  those  passing  through  it  have  almost  as 
much  freedom  as  laboring  people  in  civil  life.  While  engaged 
in  the  labors  of  the  day  they  converse  together  as  fireely  as 
laboring  men  do,  no  restriction  being  placed  upon  them  in  this 
respect,  except  those  self-imposed  restraints  which  result  from 
an  honest  and  diligent  attention  to  work. 

Instruction,  religious  and  secular,  is  still  faithfully  inquuted. 
The  almost  unfailing  effect  of  this  course  of  training  is  a 
waking  up  of  the  dormant  powers  of  intellect,  and  a  develop- 
ment of  all  the  elements  of  manhood. 

The  fourth  stage  of  the  Irish  convict  system  is  a  period  of 
further  and  final  test  of  the  reformation  of  the  convict.  He 
is  discharged  firom  the  intermediate  prison  under  a  conditianal 


BBFOBMATOBT  INSTITUTIONS.  55 

pardon,  certified  by  what  is  called  a  ticket-of-leave,  or  ticket 
of  license. 

The  convict  who  violates  any  of  the  conditions  of  his  license 
and  thereby  forfeits  the  same,  is  sure  to  be  returned  to  close 
confinement,  bnt  he  is  eligible  to  promotion  again  by  good 
condnct  No  convict,  however,  who  has  passed  through  all 
the  successive  stages  of  this  system,  and  after  a  full  discharge, 
commits  fresh  crime,  and  is  again  sentenced  to  prison,  is  per- 
mitted to  go  through  the  same  course  of  training  and  trial  a 
second  time.  Police  supervision  of  convicts  released  on  license 
is  real  and  effective  in  Ireland.  The  conditions  of  the  license 
ore  stringently  enforced,  a  course  which  has  proved  as  beneficial 
to  the  convict  as  it  has  to  the  public 

The  foregoing  sketch  of  the  nature  of  the  Irish  Prison 
System  is  condensed  from  a  detailed  account  of  the  same 
contributed  to  ^^  Hours  at  Home,"  by  the  Corresponding 
Secretary  of  the  New  York  Prison  Association. 

It  is  proper,  lest  misconception  should  arise  from  the  use  of 
similar  terms  for  dissimilar  things,  that  we  should  point  out 
the  distinction  between  prisons  bearing  the  common  term 
"intermediate."  The  prison  called  "intermediate"  in  the 
Irish  system  is  one  occupying  a  place  between  strict  penal 
confinement  and  full  liberty;  the  "intermediate  prison" 
recommended  in  this  report,  and  the  institution  to  which  the 
term  is  generally  applied  in  this  country,  is  one  occupying  a 
place  between  the  House  of  Detention,  or  the  County  Jail, 
and  the  State  Prison. 

XEW  YORK  HOUSE  OF  REFUGE. 

The  solution  on  this  continent  of  the  problem  for  ascer- 
tainting  the  cure  of  the  criminal  disease,  is  to  be  found  in  the 
system  of  management  of  the  House  of  Befuge,  under  the  very 
able  superintendency  of  Mr.  Israel  C.  Jones,  on  Sandall's 
Island,  New  York.  It  is  true  this  institution  was  created  and 
is  maintained  for  the  care  and  reform  of  juvenile  delinquents. 


66  REPORT  ON  PENAL  AND 

but  its  system  does  not  on  that  acconnt  appear  to  as  to  be  less 
applicable  for  adult  reformatories. 

As  in  tbe  Irish  prisons,  which  we  have  just  been  consider- 
ing, the  leading  feature  of  the  New  York  House  of  Befnge  is 
the  mark  system. 

In  the  second  annual  report  of  the  Board  of  State  Commis- 
sioners of  Public  Charities,  made  in  1869,  the  Commissionerg 
give  the  following  synopsis  of  the  plan  on  which  this  admirable 
institution  is  conducted  : 

"  This  institution  is  organized  on  the  congregate  plan, 
and  not  on  the  family  or  separate  system.  Its  leading  feature 
consists  in  its  system  of  grades,  of  which  there  are  four.  The 
rank  of  the  child  in  these  depends  upon  good  condnct,  which 
is  established  by  daily  marks.  The  grade  is  re-setUed  each 
week  in  the  presence  of  the  division,  and  the  child's  rank  is 
raised  or  lowered  according  to  the  number  of  marks.  The 
continuance  in  grade  number  one  for  three  months  advances 
the  child  to  the  Class  of  Honor,  and  like  good  conduct  for  one 
year  entitles  him  to  a  discharge  if  the  highest  class  in  school 
has  been  attained.  The  power  of  earning  a  discharge  has  a 
most  important  influence  upon  good  conduct.  It  is  said  that 
every  boy  knows  his  position  in  reference  to  a  discharge,  and 
can  respond  at  once  when  he  can  be  released.  The  managers 
have  seized  upon  the  golden  rule,  that  ^punishment  shoold 
be  made  to  consist  as  far  as  possible  in  the  taking  away  of 
privileges  conceded  for  good  conduct'  It  is  believed  that 
there  is  a  power  in  this  principle  not  half  understood,  and  that 
it  may  be  made,  with  perfect  publicity  and  fairness  of  adminis- 
tration, productive  of  the  most  valuable  results. 

"As  a  general  rule,  young  men  under  twenty-one  should  be 
sent  to  an  institution  organized  on  the  plan  of  a  reformatory. 
Their  sentences  should  be  *  reformatory  sentences/  and  they 
should  be  able  to  earn  their  discharge  by  good  conduct.  A 
new  institution  might  be  established  which  should  embrace  all 
young  men  of  this  class  between  sixteen   and   twenty-one. 


BBFOBMATOBY  INSTITUTIOKB.  57 

Tbi«!  is  believed  to  be  the  great  need  of  the  hoar.  The  annnal 
Btream  which  is  pouring  into  our  State  Prisons  might  thus,  in 
a  measnre,  be  checked.'' 

The  spirit  governing  the  method  of  classification  in  the 
House  of  Refuge  is  well  illustrated  in  the  following  section  of 
chapter  XXI,  of  the  by-laws  of  the  institution : 

"  Section  1.  The  boys  shall  be  separated  into  three  divisions, 
to  occupy  separate  portions  of  the  main  building,  and  shall  be 
designated  as  the  Firsty  Second,  and  Third  Divisions.  Those 
who,  from  their  previous  career,  may  be  deemed  to  be  disposed 
and  likely  to  contaminate  their  companions,  or  who  may 
exhibit  an  intractable  disposition  either  before  commitment  or 
during  their  residence  in  the  House,  shall  be -included  in  the 
Second  and  Third  Divisions,  and  occupy  the  north  wing ;  those 
of  a  less  depraved  character,  and  more  liable  to  be  injured  by 
the  corrupting  companionship  of  hardened  offenders,  shall  be 
included  in  the  First  Division  and  occupy  the  south  wing. 
The  age  of  the  inmate  shall  not  be  conclusive  in  determining 
his  position,  but  the  danger  of  imparting  and  receiving  contam- 
ination shall  be  the  main  consideration." 

The  chaplain  of  the  institution,  Rev.  B.  K.  Pierce,  D.  D.,  in 
his  interesting  volume — "A  Half  Century  with  Juvenile 
Delmquents,"  remarks :  "  The  marked  feature  of  the  House 
of  Refuge  at  the  present  time  is,  the  practical  direction  which 
has  been  given  to  its  long-established  system  of  grades,  and 
the  important  office  which  it  is  made  to  accomplish  in  the 
discipline  of  the  House.  So  manifest  has  been  the  effect,  that 
the  lock-ups,  which  were  constructed  in  the  House  at  its  open- 
ing for  separate  and  solitary  punishment,  have  been  every  one 
of  them  removed,  and  a  large,  open  dormitory  has  been  con- 
structed in  their  place.  Corporal  punishment  has  been  in  this 
way  reduced  to  an  exceedingly  small  percentage,  and  a  general 
appearance  of  cheerfolness  and  hopefulness  has  been  secured 
throughout  the  institution.  In  the  Appendix  to  this  volume 
the  system  is  presented  in  detail.    The  boy  is  met  when  be 

8 


58  BXF08T  OK  PENAL  AJTD 

enters  the  Hoobo  (and  the  same  is  true  of  the  girl)  with  tke 
assurance  that  the  hour  of  his  dischaige  is  in  his  ovn  hands. 
The  two  simple  rules  of  the  Befnge  (1st, '  Tell  no  lies,' — 2d, 
'Always  do  the  best  you  can')  are  recited  to  him,  and  the 
effect  of  obedience  to  them  upon  his  striding  and  comfort  in 
the  House,  and  upon  the  time  of  his  discharge,  is  clearly  and 
fully  explained  to  him.  If  in  the  school,  in  the  sh<^  in  the 
yard,  and  everywhere,  he  always  tells  the  truth  and  does  the 
best  he  knows  how,  he  will  receiye  and  hold  the  grade  1.  If 
he  retains  this  grade  for  a  year,  and  has  advanced  to  the  fourth 
class  in  school,  he  has  purchased  his  discharge  by  good  con- 
duct, and  the  door  that  has  detained  him  opens  before  him  as 
soon  as  his  friends  or  the  institution  can  secure  a  suitable 
place  for  him." 

The  Superintendent,  Mr.  Jones,  in  his  annual  report  for  last 
year,  says : 

'^  In  this  way  a  new  life  is  begun,  self-restraint  is  impofled, 
diligence,  hitherto  untried,  is  acquired,  and  by  perseverance  in 
well-doing,  inspired,  it  may  be,  at  first  not  by  the  highest 
motives,  good  habits  become  fixed.  By  securing  the  respect 
of  others  the  lad  learns  to  respect  himself,  and  gradually  but 
surely  an  entire  reformation,  in  a  large  majority  of  cases,  is  the 
result.'* 

This  Commission  together  visited  the  House  of  Befuge  on 
Bandall's  Island,  in  July  last,  and  have  pleasure  in  bearing 
testimony  that  our  observations  led  us  to  believe  that  the  insti- 
tution is  fully  entitled  to  all  the  commendation  it  has  receiTcd 

The  Executive  Committee  of  the  Prison  Association  of  New 
York,  in  their  report  for  1869,  remark :  **  K  the  character  of 
sentences  were  so  changed  that  the  release  of  prisoners  was 
made  dependent  on  their  reformation,  or  at  least  on  the  accu- 
mulation of  a  certain  amount  of  marks  as  the  result  of  good 
conduct,  industry,  and  progress  in  learning,  such  an  element 
in  their  imprisonment  could  not  fail  to  be  powerfully  ^^era- 
tive  in  the  direction  of  their  moral  amendment" 


RSFOBMATOBY  IKSTITUTIOKS.  59 

And  the  Earl  of  Oarnarvoii  has  shown  that  the  system  has 
been  aj^ed  with  marked  saooess,  by  the  yisiting  Justices  in 
the  gaol  of  Hampshire  county,  in  England. 

Having  seen  the  inequality  and  frequent  injustice  of  time 
sentences,  we  think  the  foregoing  array  of  argument  in  &yor 
of  the  practical  results  of  indeterminate  or  reform  sentences 
ought  to  be  condusiye  with  all  reasonable  minds. 

DISCHARGED  CONVICTS. 

But  the  most  perfect  conception  of  prison  discipline  must 
be  comparatively  valueless,  unless  adequate  provision  be  made 
for  the  welfare  of  discharged  convicts.  If  such  a  man  be 
brought  up  for  a  second  or  third  offense,  and  be  convicted,  the 
severity  of  his  sentence  is  generally  increased  by  the  fact  of  his 
previous  convictions.  Such  is  the  dictum  of  society  pronouced 
in  its  own  self-defense,  and  usually  regarded  as  equitable. 
Society  complacently  looks  upon  the  fresh  crimes  of  the  indi- 
vidual as  proofs  of  his  innate  depravity,  and  seldom  pauses  to 
consider  how  far  society  itself  is  responsible — fearfully  respon- 
siUe — for  these  criminal  acts.  When  a  discharged  convict 
re-enters  the  world,  he  may  have  the  best  intentions  as  to  his 
future  life,  and  the  strongest  resolves  to  do  right  and  pursue 
an  honest  career.  Is  it  in  his  power  to  keep  them  ?  In  look- 
ing for  employment,  the  fact  of  his  having  been  a  convict,  if 
he  make  it  known,  as  a  general  rule  will  shut  the  doors  of 
society  with  ignominy  against  him.  Society  thus  tempts  him 
at  the  outset,  as  the  only  alternative  that  he  has,  to  lie  about 
his  previous  record  when  inquired  into,  in  order  that  he  may 
not  be  abruptly  and  perhaps  insultingly  denied  the  opportu- 
nity to  commence  earning  his  bread  by  honest  work.  If  he 
yield  to  this  first  temptation,  where  can  he  go  and  be  certain 
that  sooner  or  later  his  having  been  a  convict  will  not  be  dis- 
covered, aud  his  discharge  from  employment  immediately 
follow  ?  In  that  event  the  fact  of  his  having  misrepresented 
his  |»eviou8  occupation,  though  nothing  else  may  aiq)ear 


60  BEPOBT  ON  PBKAL  AKD 

against  his  thorough  reform^  it  is  set  down  as  an  addttionai 
mark  to  his  discredit,  and  after  a  few  trials  he  finds  society  hai 
set  a  ban  upon  him,  and  placed  the  mark  of  Gain  on  hk 
forehead. 

The  history  of  convicts  is  fnll  of  snch  experience,  ai^ 
innumerable  instances  could  be  adduced  where  the  indiTidnal 
finds  it  impossible  to  carry  out  his  virtuous  resolutions.  Mean- 
time he  is  surrounded  by  the  strongest  temptations  and  induce- 
ments — the  pressure  of  want,  and  the  solicitations  of  old 
associates — to  return  to  a  life  of  crime.  To  resist  these  suc- 
cessfully he  must  be  aided  by  some  kindly  infinence  for  his 
moral  support.  Society  owes  him  the  aid,  not  only  for  his 
benefit,  but  for  its  own  protection.  If  it  be  afforded,  he  will 
probably  be  kept  from  the  evil  path ;  if  withheld,  he  is  likely 
to  become  only  more  hardened  and  embittered  against  societj, 
and  to  return  with  added  violence  to  criminal  pursuits. 

This  is  an  old  question,  at  home  and  abroad,  and  if  an; 
effort  is  to  be  made  in  Michigan  to  reform  our  criminals,  their 
treatment  after  release  must  enter  largely  into  the  plan,  or 
the  rest  will  be  comparatively  nugatory.  As  long  ago  as 
1803,  in  a  communication  to  the  Mechanics'  Association  of 
New  York,  Edward  Livingston,  who  has  been  justly  named 
"  the  father  of  legal  and  penitentiary  reform  in  this  conntry," 
when  he  was  mayor  of  that  city  used  this  language:  ^It 
must  be  evident  that  nothing  will  tend  so  much  to  defeat  the 
principal  object  of  reformation,  and  at  the  same  time  to  endan- 
ger the  security  of  the  city,  as  the  situation  in  which  those 
stand  at  the  time  of  their  discharge,  who  have  undergone  the 
sentence  of  the  law.  The  odium  justly  attached  to  the  crime 
is  continued  to  the  culprit  after  he  has  suffered  its  penalty. 
He  is  restored  to  society,  but  prejudice  repels  him  from  its 
bosom.  He  has  acquired  the  skill,  and  has  the  inclination  to 
provide  honestly  for  his  support.  Years  of  penitence  and  labor 
have  wiped  away  his  crime,  and  given  him  habits  of  indnstiy 
and  skill  to  direct  them.    But  no  means  are  provided  for  their 


REPOBMATOBY  IKSTITUTIOKS.  61 

exertioTi.  He  has  no  capital  of  his  own,  and  that  of  others 
will  not  be  intrusted  to  him.  He  is  not  permitted  to  labor, 
he  dares  not  beg,  and  he  is  for  subsistence  driven  to  plunge 
anew  into  the  same  crimes,  to  suffer  the  same  punishment  he 
has  just  undergone,  or  perhaps,  with  more  caution  and  address, 
to  esoips  it.  Thus  the  penitentiary,  instead  of  diminishing, 
may  increase  the  number  of  offenses." 

An  evil  so  early  recognized,  of  course  has  not  been  without 
efforts  in  various  quarters  for  its  amelioration.  In  our  own 
State,  however,  we  know  of  no  systematic  endeavors  at  remedy 
having  been  attempted,  except  in  the  instance  of  that  praise- 
worthy institution,  the  Detroit  House  of  Shelter,  established 
two  or  three  years  ago,  the  design  of  which,  however,  is 
limited  to  females  discharged  from  the  Detroit  House  of 
Correction. 

But,  to  achieve  beneficial  results  in  this  direction,  it  is  no 
longer  necessary  to  grope  in  the  dark.  The  Irish  Prison 
System  already  discussed  is  not  satisfied  with  merely  reform- 
ing criminals.  An  essential  part  of  its  scheme  is  to  take  care 
of  the  interests  of  manumitted  prisoners  by  finding  them 
remunerative  employment  after  their  discharge.  The  spirit  of 
the  whole  system  has  this  end  in  view,  and  the  treatment  in 
the  advanced  stages  is  devised  with  the  two-fold  object  of 
convincing  the  convict  that  you  really  trust  him,  and  con- 
vincing the  public  that  the  discharged  convict  may  be  safely 
emplojred.  The  government  has  an  agent  in  Dublin  (Mr. 
James  Organ),  a  part  of  whose  duty  is  to  find  employment 
for  these  men.  When  he  began  this  work  fourteen  years  ago, 
it  was  with  the  greatest  diflficulty  that  he  could  find  places  for 
any.  Now,  the  diflBculty  is  reversed,  so  that  it  is  harder  for 
an  employer  to  get  a  liberated  convict  than  it  is  for  each  con- 
met  to  find  an  employer. 

In  a  late  report  by  Mr.  Organ,  he  says:  ** Crime  is  fast  dis- 
appearing in  Dublin,  and  old  and  habitual  thieves  are  becom- 
ing honest  and  industrious  citizens,  whilst  homes  that  have 


62  JOSPOBT  OK  FEKAL  AV0 

hitherto  been  the  scenes  of  yice  and  poyerty  are  now 
by  those  of  morality  and  plenty.  Employers  continBie  to 
repose  confidence  in  my  men,  and  tke  demand  for  them  during 
the  past  year  has  ai  times  exceeded  the  supply!* 

What  a  contrast  to  tiie  position  of  liberated  convicts  in  this 
country. 

Speaking  of  the  intermediate  Agricultural  Prison  at  Luak, 
about  twelve  miles  firom  Dublin,  Hr.  Organ  says:  ^I  cannot 
speak  too  highly  of  the  cheering  effects  which  farm  labor  has 
produced,  even  upon  the  most  sluggish  criminals,  or  of  its 
happy  results  even  upon  the  cool  and  calculating  adept  in 
vice,  from  whose  brow  the  honest  drop  of  sweat  nevar 
trickled.''  Further,  that  he  regards  ^^as  proved  in  innumeia> 
ble  instances  that  the  most  indolent  crimini^s  can  be  trained 
to  honest  and  independent  toil,  not  so  much  throng  fear  or 
coercion,  as  through  the  influence  of  hope  and  encouragement^ 

Again,  to  use  the  language  of  Bev.  Dr.  Wines:  ^^ Besides 
effecting  the  remarkable  change  just  mentioned,  thereby  remov- 
ing all  obstacles  out  of  the  way  of  the  re-absorption  of  dis- 
charged convicts  into  virtuous  society,  which  remains  among 
us  the  most  difficult  and  perplexing  of  all  the  problems  we 
have  to  grapple  with,  the  result  of  this  system  has  been  to 
diminish  crime  in  Ireland  more  than  fifty  per  cent.  The 
number  of  convicts  confined  in  government  prisons  in  1854 
was  3,933,  in  1866  it  was  only  1,637.  »  »  »  Hence, 
it  would  seem  that  for  Ireland  the  vexed  problem,  what  diall 
be  done  with  our  criminals  ?  which  has  been  for  ages  a  cms 
terribilis  to  the  nations,  has  been  satisfactorily  solved.'' 

As  regards  the  question  of  expense,  we  have  already  seen 
that  the  best  reformatory  prison  wo  have,  the  Detroit  Honse 
of  Correction,  is  a  money-making  institution  under  the  abk 
executive  management  of  Mr.  Brockway,  and  that  the  reform 
system  in  Ireland,  in  fourteen  years,  has  converted  one-half  her 
criminals  into  honest  and  industrious  producers ;  and  so  long 
as  criminals  continue  unreformed  it  is  a  fair  subject  of  inqniiy 


REFOBMATOBT  IK6TITUTI0KS.  63 

whettier,  when  at  large,  they  do  not  cost  the  commiinity  much 
more  than  when  kept  within  the  walls  of  eyen  expensive 
institutions. 

Since  the  members  of  this  Commission  agreed  upon  making 
the  recommendations  herein  contained,  in  regard  to  prison 
reform,  the  views  set  forth  have  been  strengthened  by  the 
adoption  at  the  National  Congress  of  Penitentiary  and  Reform- 
atory Discipline,  which  was  held  at  Cincinnati  in  October  last, 
after  full  discussion,  of  a  "  Declaration  of  Principles,''  among 
which  are  the  following : 

"III.  The  progressive  classification  of  prisoners,  based  on 
character,  and  worked  on  some  well  adjusted  mark  system, 
should  be  established  in  all  prisons  above  the  common  jail. 

"  IV.  Since  hope  is  a  more  potent  agent  than  fear,  it  should 
be  made  an  ever-present  force  in  the  minds  of  prisoners  by  a 
well  devised  and  skillfully  appliad  system  of  rewards  for  good 
conduct,  industry,  and  attention  to  learning.  Rewards,  more 
than  punishments,  are  essential  to  every  good  prison  system* 

"V.  The  prisoner's  destiny  should  be  placed  in  his  own 
hands ;  he  must  be  put  into  circumstances  where  he  will  be 
able,  through  his  own  exertions,  to  continually  better  his  own 
condition.  A  regulated  self-interest  must  be  brought  into 
play,  and  made  constantly  operative. 

"  VIIL  Peremptory  sentences  ought  to  be  replaced  by  those 
of  indeterminate  length.  Sentences  limited  only  by  satisfSEu;- 
tory  proof  of  reformation  should  be  substituted  for  those 
measured  by  mere  lapse  of  time. 

"XVIII.  The  more  valuable  parts  of  the  Irish  prison  sys- 
tem— the  more  strictly  penal  stage  of  separate  imprisonment, 
the  reformatory  stage  of  progressive  classification,  and  the 
probationary  stage  of  moral  imprisonment  and  natural  training 
— are  believed  as  applicable  to  one  country  as  another — to  the 
United  States  as  to  Ireland. 

"  XXXI.  The  construction,  organization,  and  management 
of  all  prisons  should  be  by  the  State,  and  they  should  form  a 


64  SBPOBT  OK  PEKAL  AKD 

gradnated  series  of  reformatory  establishments^  being  arnuiged 
with  a  view  to  the  indastrial  employment^  intellectual  fdnea- 
tioDy  and  moral  training  of  the  inmates." 

STATE  PRISON. 

On  the  subject  of  the  State  Prison  at  Jackson,  it  seems  only 
necessary  to  add,  that  if  intermediate  district  prisons  shall  be 
established,  it  would,  in  the  general  plan,  be  a  prison  for  the 
custody  of  the  w€U*st  and  most  incorrigible  class  of  criminals^ 
the  discipline  of  which  might  be  modified  so  far  as  practicable 
to  carry  out  the  general  principles  recommended ;  and  power 
might  be  vested  in  some  authority  for  the  removal  of  any  of 
its  inmates  to  intermediate  prisons  when  fit  subjects  for  sacfa 
action  should  be  found. 

PAUPERISM. 

In  all  organized  communities  there  has  been  more  or  len 
pauperism.  The  subject  has  engaged  the  attention  of  the 
philanthropist,  philosopher,  and  legislator  IVom  the  days  of 
Moses  to  the  present  time.  The  poor  have  existed  under  all 
forms  of  government,  whether  Theocracy,  Monarchy,  or  Re- 
public, and  the  amelioration  of  their  condition,  or  the  reraoTal 
of  the  causes  which  lead  to  destitution  and  poverty,  has  been 
the  subject  of  legal  enactments  and  voluntary  efforts  in  all 
countries  advanced  in  civilization. 

The  progress  made  in  the  removal  of  this,  as  of  other  great 
social  evils,  has  hitherto  been  exceedingly  slow ;  and  although 
we  should  expect  that  the  entire  destruction  of  pauperism  can 
only  be  accomplished  when  the  whole  people  shall  become  per- 
fected in  everything  that  makes  man  good  and  wise,  yet  we  see, 
in  looking  over  history,  that  it  has  been  lessened  by  wise  laws, 
and  increased  by  pernicious  legislation. 

That  the  subject  should  engage  the  serious  consideration  of 
the  people,  is  shown  by  the  magnitude  of  the  evil  in  Michigan, 
and  more  especially  in  some  of  the  older  States  of  this  coun- 
try and  under  the  governments  of  Europe,  where  the  number 


REFOBMATOBT  INSTITUTIOKS.  65 

of  jpaop^rs  swell  into  mighi^  armies,  and  the  annual  ezpendi- 
tove  io  Jfeed  mid  clothe  them  amounts  to  many  millions  of 
dollars. 

In  the  State  gf  Massachusetts  the  number  of  paupers  in 
1888  was  11,133,  and  the  cost  of  their  support  was  over  one 
million  dollars.  The  whole  number  in  alms-houees  in  the 
St(»te  of  New  York  in  1867  was  13,690,  and  the  amount  ex- 
pended for  their  maintenance  and  for  out-door  relief  for  the 
same  year,  was  12,387,023.  Besides  this  expenditure,  very  large 
numbers  in  these  States  are  maintained  in  private  charitable 
institutions.  The  amount  expended  in  England  and  Wales, 
during  the  sixteen  years  from  1818  to  1834,  was  between  thirty 
and  thirty-five  million  dollars  annually.  The  amount  of  poor 
rate  levied  in  those  countries  in  1859  was  140,541,^10, — ^thc 
population  being  for  that  year  1 9,578^000.  Very  large  numbers 
in  tb^se  countries  are  also  relieved  by  private  charities. 

Hhe  litfgest  number  at  one  time  of  paupers  in  the  county 
pqar4iouses  of  this  State  in  1869  was  1,478,  and  the  amount 
expended  for  their  support  in  the  same  year,  exclusive  of  the 
amount  raised  on  the  county  farms,  was  1117,515  59.  The 
amount  expended  during  the  same  year  for  out-door  or  tempo- 
rary relief,  was  1148,611  69. 

The  p^centage  of  paupers  in  new  States  is  always  less  than 
in  the  older  ones,  on  account  of  the  greater  demand  for  labor, 
the  simpler  ways  of  life,  and  the  gi^eater  ease  of  obtaining  the 
means  of  support.  As  our  State  becomes  more  densely  popu- 
lated, and  our  cities  increase  in  size,  we  may  expect  to  have  a 
condition  of  things  not  unlike  that  which  we  find  in  older 
countries,  unless  we  check  the  progi^ss  of  this  great  social  evil 
by  wise  and  timely  legislation,  and  a  diminution  of  the  causes 
which  lead  to  poverty  and  destitution. 

The  evils  now  existing  in  the  pauper  system  of  this  State 

we  have  already  attempted  to  point  out    A  very  prominent 

cause  of  these  evils  is  a  want  of  proper  cloBsificaiion.    We 

hftve  seen  that  the  aged,  the  young,  the  insane,  the  demented, 

9 


66  BEPORT  OK  PENAL  AND 

the  idiots,  the  common  vagrants,  those  who  hare  been  reduced 
to  destitution  and  want  through  lives  of  vicious  indulgence 
and  crime,  and  those  who  are  without  a  blemish  on  their  chai^ 
acter,  are  collected  together  in  the  county  alms-houses,  pro- 
miscuously; eating  from  the  same  table,  congregating  idly 
together  in  the  same  rooms, — the  foolish  with  those  wiser, — the 
vicious  and  criminal  with  the  pure  and  unspotted, — witfaoat 
order  or  system,  and  generally  with  no  attempt  to  improve  or 
make  them  better,  physically,  morally,  or  mentally.  It  cannot 
be  claimed  that  these  evils  are  the  result  of  the  imperfect 
institutions  of  a  new  Stak,  which  will  disappear  as  we  advMice 
in  age,  wealth,  and  population. 

The  condition  of  the  county  infirmaries  in  the  State  of 
Ohio,  and  of  the  poor-houses  in  the  State  of  New  TcM'k 
(except  in  the  large  cities),  as  made  known  by  the  reports  of 
their  Boards  of  Public  Ghaj*ities,  give  us  no  hope  of  improve- 
ment by  age,  unless  we  can  claim  a  better  class  of  people  than 
theirs, — a  proposition  that  will  hardly  be  mainlined  when  it 
is  considered  that  a  large  proportion  of  our  popnlstion  is 
composed  of  emigrants  from  those  States,  and  that  our  insti- 
tutions are  very  similar  to  their  own.  The  reports  abore 
referred  to  are  full  of  sickening  and  disgusting  details  of  tiie 
condition  of  the  paupers  in  very  many  of  the  county  institu- 
tions of  those  States ;  some  of  the  very  worst  ones  being  ia 
the  oldest  and  most  populous  counties. 

The  want  of  proper  classification  and  care  is  not  the  ft&h 
of  those  who  have  these  matters  in  charge,  but  in  the  systtin. 
The  number  in  each  county  poor-house  is  usually  so  smallr 
that  classification  is  impracticable.  In  all  small  institutions  of 
this  kind,  the  care  of  paupers  is  almost  universally  custodi^ 
It  is  only  by  congregating  large  numbers,  as  in  the  instltntioDS 
for  the  poor  in  large  cities,  and  in  the  State  alms-houses  of 
New  England,  that  anything  like  classification  or  imI»OT^ 
ment  in  the  moral  or  mental  condition  of  the  inmates  can  be 
undertaken  successfully.     We  believe  that  a  wise  eocmoDj 


BEFOBMATOBY  INSTITUTIONS.  67 

reqaires  tbat  classification  should  be  attempted  at  no  distant 
day  in  this  State,  so  that  the  different  classes  may  be  subjected 
to  management  adapted  to  their  rarions  conditions;  and 
to  proTide  for  such  classification  we  deem  just  and  prudent 
legislation  desirable. 

The  following  classes  of  paupers  in  this  State  may  yery  well 
be  made,  and  their  treatment  considered  separately : 

1st  The  Insane. 

2d.  Idiots  and  the  Feeble  Minded. 

3d«  Children  under  sixteen  years  of  age. 

4th.  Dissolute  Paupers. 

5tii.  The  Old,  the  Infirm,  and  the  Diseased. 

UL      The  Insane. 

There  were  in  the  county  poor-houses,  at  the  time  of  our 
examination  of  the  same,  during  the  year  1869,  215  insane 
paapers,  exclusive  of  nine  of  the  smaller  counties  which  were 
not  visited.  As  may  be  seen  firom  the  statements  heretofore 
made  in  this  report,  the  present  system  of  providing  for  this 
class  of  unfortunates  is  bad  in  every  particular,  and  such  as 
should  not  be  encouraged  by  any  philanthropist  or  statesman. 
This  class,  like  the  pauper  idiots  and  the  children  who  through 
misfortune  are  subjects  of  public  charity,  as  we  have  already 
suggested,  should  be  the  wards  of  the  State. 

Being  alike  helpless,  the  State  should  see  that  those  laboring 
under  mental  disease  or  imbecility  should  have  careful  and 
skillful  treatment  to  restore  their  minds,  if  possible,  to  a 
healthfcil  condition;  and  the  helpless  children  should  be  so 
educated  and  trained  as  to  give  them  a  fair  chance  to  become 
useftil  citizens,  instead  of  growing  up  under  the  contaminating 
influence  of  life  in  the  county  poor-house. 

All  insane  persons,  whose  condition  is  such  as  requires  their 
being  kept  in  custody,  should  be  under  the  care  and  supervis- 
ion of  competent  medical  men,  who  understand  from  training 
and  experienoe,  the  proper  management  of  this  class  of  persons. 


68  EBPOBT  OK  PSNAI.  AND 

After  a  carefal  examination  of  the  condition  of  the 
inaane,  as  found  in  the  county  inatitations  in  this  and  otber 
States,  the  members  of  this  Commisaon  wish  to  expre^  in  tie 
Wrongest  iermSy  their  condemnation  of  the  whole  Bg^fm  ^ 
county  custody  of  this  class.  In  the  State  of  New  Yoiky 
where  this  system  has  been  long  in  operation,  the  result  has 
been  such  as  to  call  for  its  condemnation  by  all  persons  and 
commissions  who  have  investigated  the  matter.  Miss  Dix, 
twenty-five  years  ago,  presented  the  terrible  condition  of  the 
insane  and  other  paupers  in  the  county  poor  houaos,  in  a 
memorial  to  the  Legislature  of  that  State.  A  select  coBunit- 
tee  appointed  by  the  Senate  in  1857,  composed  of  Mark 
Spencer,  Oeorge  Bradford,  and  M.  Lindley  Lee,  to  visit  chari- 
table institutions  and  city  and  county  poor-houses,  in  their 
report  condemn,  m  the  strongest  terms,  the  abuses  of  the 
insane  in  the  county  poor-houses  ^nd  small  county  asylums. 

Again,  in  1865,  Sylvester  D.  Willard,  H.  D.,  having  been 
appointed  by  the  Assembly  of  that  State  to  investigate  the 
condition  of  the  insane  poor  in  the  various  couniy  asyloms 
and  poor-houses  in  the  State,  makes  use  of  the  fc^owing 
language:  ^^They"  (the  poor-houses)  '^have  become  filled 
to  an  excess  of  human  misery,  degradation,  and  wretchendnees. 
that  wrings  a  cry  of  distress  from  the  heart  of  every  }diilan- 
thropist.  These  evils  have  become  so  great  and  so  glaring  that 
they  are  a  stigma  upon  the  class  of  our  charitable  institiitions 
where  insane  poor  are  confined,  upon  our  communities^  and 
upon  the  fSedr  name  of  our  State.  The  facts  elicited  by  Hm 
investigation  are  too  appalling  to  be  forgotten,  and  too  impor- 
tant to  be  thrown  aside." 

Again,  in  the  report  of  the  Board  of  Public  Charitjas  for 
1869,  after  giving  the  details  as  they  existed  in  the  various 
counties,  of  the  care  and  treatment  of  the  pauper  insane,  they 
sum  up  as  follows :  ^'  The  result  of  these  details  is  that  in 
some  one  or  more  of  the  counties  there  are  these  foims  of 
abuse.    The  buildings  are  meagre,  or  greatly  out  of  rqpyv 


KBPOBMATOBT   INSTITUTIONS.  69 

with  broken  walls  or  floors,  and  badly  arranged  as  to  conren- 
ienoe  of  light  and  ventOation.  There  are  cells  for  the  confine- 
ment of  the  insane,  sometimes  in  prison  style,  with  heavy, 
grated  doors;  again,  in  the  basement,  with  imperfect  light; 
again,  in  the  form  of  dungeons,  wholly  dark  and  without  any 
ftamiture.  The  air  of  the  rooms  is  close,  and  the  stench  intol- 
erable. The  cells  are  dirty,  the  beds  torn  in  pieces,  and  the 
floor  littered  with  straw  and  bits  of  clothing.  Bats  at  times 
perform  the  duties  of  scavengers. 

"Into  these  pest-houses  the  insane  are  crowded,  associating 
with  idiots,  and  paupers  of  sound  mind — adults  as  well  as 
children.  The  excitable  and  noisy  may  be  confined  in  cells  in 
chains,  close  neighbors  to  the  inoffensive  and  quiet.  Two  of 
them  may  be  locked  up  in  a  single  cell.  Among  them  may  Ik? 
those  who  are  filthy  in  their  habits,  others  are  partially  or 
entirely  nude, — ^females  as  well  as  males, — and  continuing  in 
this  condition  for  months  and  even  years.  Here  are  chronic 
cases  of  thirty-five  years*  standing ;  here  are  also  recent  cases, 
without  any  special  medical  treatment,  or  any  ofScial  effort 
made  to  secure  their  admission  to  the  State  Asylum.  The 
insane  receive  no  other  care  than  that  awarded  to  paupers; 
not  unftrequently  incompetent  paupers  are  the  keepers  and 
attendants,  and  at  times  they  are  treated  rudely  and  severely. 
They  suffer  from  medicine  administered  without  the  knowledge 
of  a  physician.  The  county  authorities  are  sometimes  parsi- 
monious, and  ftimish  no  chairs,  or  muffs,  to  control  excitable 
patients.  Is  it  a  wonder  that  many  are  in  a  state  of  constant 
irritation,  or  the  dreary  record  is  so  often  found,  that  of  large 
numbers  discharged  from  the  State  asylums  and  found  in  the 
county  poor-houses,  few  if  any  have  materially  improved  ? 
Will  the  people  of  the  State  of  New  York,  when  they  compre- 
hend the  inhuman  treatment  the  insane  poor  sometimes 
receive,  leave  a  system  in  unchecked  operation  which  admits 
of  such  enormities  ?  Though  we  have  spoken  emphatically 
concerning  the  mismanagement  of  poor-houses,  our  views  are 


70  BEPORT  OK  PENAL  AND 

not  without  the  most  respectable  support  in  the  examiostioB 
and  conclusion  of  others.  Tlie  evils  dqflored  are  chronic^  and 
again  and  again  have  thoughtful  men  held  them  up  to  notioe." 

We  have  quoted  thus  freely  from  these  reports  to  show 
where  certainly  we  in  this  State  are  drifting,  in  the  care  and 
treatment  of  the  pauper  insane.  Our  population,  as  we  haye 
said,  is  composed,  to  a  great  extent,  of  emigrants  from  the 
State  of  New  York,  and  their  descendants.  Our  poor-laws 
are  copied  very  nearly  from  those  of  that  State,  and  we  cannot 
reasonably  expect  that  they  will  be  better  administered.  As 
has  been  already  shown,  the  condition  of  the  insane  in  many 
of  our  poor-houses  is  in  some  instances  quite  as  bad  as  it  is 
there.  Already  the  houses  are  filling  up  with  insane  persons^ 
many  of  them  recent  cases,  who  have  never  had,  and  we  fear 
never  will  have,  under  the  present  system,  any  proper  medical 
treatment  for  their  cure,  on  account  of  the  parsimoniousness 
of  the  authorities  having  the  matter  in  charge,  and  £rom  want 
of  sufficient  accommodations  in  the  State  Asylum. 

Shall  we,  too,  drift  along  in  the  ruts  of  our  ancestors,  and 
for  want  of  proper  foresight  and  just  legislation,  suffer  so 
many  of  our  fellow-beings,  deprived  of  that  greatest  gift  of 
God  to  man, — reason, — to  eke  out  a  miserable  existence  amid 
all  the  sickening  and  disgusting  scenes  so  vividly  porbrayed  in 
the  reports  from  which  we  have  quoted  ? 

We  recommend  to  the  State  to  take  the  matter  into  its  own 
control,  and  make  provision  for  the  proper  care  and  treatment 
of  the  insane  paupers.  On  grounds  of  humanity,  they  shonM 
be  treated  as  wards  of  the  State.  Not  only  should  the  State 
provide  for  the  care  and  treatment  of  the  paupers  of  this  class, 
but  suitable  provision  should  also  be  made  to  enable  residents 
of  this  State  who  have  insane  friends  or  relatives  whom  they 
wish  to  put  into  an  asylum,  and  for  whose  care  and  treatment 
they  are  able  to  pay,  to  do  so. 

There  is  an  urgent  necessity  that  the  State  'should  provide 
immediately  increased  accommodations  for  the  insane,  whether 


REFORMATOBT  INSTITUTIONS.  71 

it  assumes  the  control  of  the  whole  of  that  class  who  are  sup- 
ported by  the  public  or  not. 

According  to  the  estimate  of  competent  authorities,  we 
must  now  have,  unprovided  for,  from  six  hundred  to  eight 
hundred  insane  persons  in  this  State,  who  should  be  under  the 
control  and  management  of  competent  medical  men.  There 
is  scarcely  a  neighborhood  that  is  not  afflicted  or  annoyed  with 
one  or  more  unsafe  and  disorderly  insane  persons,  and  no  tax 
wou\d  be  more  cheerfully  met  than  that  which  will  provide 
for  their  custody  and  treatment. 

The  average  cost  for  the  buildings  alone  of  thirteen  of  the 
leading  Insane  Asylums  in  the  United  States  has  been  11,248 
for  each  patient,  and  the  most  of  these  were  erected  before  the 
great  advance  in  prices  which  occurred  during  the  war.  The 
expense  of  establishing  our  own  State  Asylum  at  Kalamazoo, 
including  land  and  all  other  expenses,  as  we  understand, 
exceeds  $1,600  per  patient. 

We  are  aware  that  if  the  State  shall  provide  for  all  the 
insane  who  should  be  in  asylums,  it  will  be  attended  with  a 
very  considerable  outlay  of  money.  Following  the  example 
of  older  States,  Michigan  has  been  very  generous  in  expendi- 
tures for  the  erection  of  the  institutions  already  established ; 
we  are  satisfied,  however,  that  the  opinion  of  many  of  the  best 
informed  men  on  these  subjects  (in  which  opinion  we  fully 
concur)  is  that  the  construction  account  of  similar  institutions 
to  be  hereafter  erected  may  be  materially  lessened  without 
detriment  to  the  objects  to  be  attained. 

We  would  not  advise  cheapness  or  parsimoniousncss  in  the 
care  of  the  insane,  but  would  respectfully  submit  whether  it 
would  not  be  wise,  in  view  of  the  great  magnitude  of  the 
work,  and  the  amount  of  money  which  must  necessarily  be 
expended  in  providing  for  all  of  those  in  the  State  who  need 
treatment,  to  take  into  careful  consideration  the  question  of 
expenditures,  and  seek  whether  any  improvement  in  the  system 
of  management  can  be  judiciously  instituted;  and  in  the  con* 


72  REPORT  OK  PEKAL  AUD 

strnetion  of  baildin^  wUle  we  would  secure  ereryihing  Chst 
the  most  scientific  treatment  may  demaud^  we  mronld  recom- 
mend utility  and  permanency  without  expensive  ornamentation 
and  display. 

Whenever  it  is  deemed  advisable  to  establish  any  institniioD 
it  would  be  much  more  economical^  after  carefbl  estimates  of 
the  cost  of  construction,  to  appropriate  the  whole  amount 
required  at  once,  or  as  rapidly  as  the  money  may  be  needM. 

The  cost  of  our  present  asylum  has,  we  believe,  been  con- 
siderably increased  by  the  irregularity  of  the  work,  for  the 
want  of  timely  appropriation  of  funds. 

An  addition  of  two  buUdings  to  our  present  asylum,  capaUe 
of  accommodating  one  hundred  each,  one  for  males,  and  the 
other  for  females,  could  be  economically  accomplished,  and 
afford  increased  facilities  for  classification  of  the  inmates  of 
the  whole  institution.  An  urgent  and  immediate  demand 
exists  for  additional  provision,  and  either  the  enlai^ment 
should  be  made,  or  a  new  institution  established  at  some  other 
point  at  the  earliest  possible  time. 

Only  two  objections  occur  to  this  Commission  against  tiie 
enlargement  of  the  present  asylum.  One  is  that  the  nnmber 
of  inmates  would  then  perhaps  be  too  large  to  be  suocenftally 
and  profitably  treated  by  one  man,  who,  we  conceive,  shonld 
have  close  supervision  of  all  the  afibirs  of  the  institution  in 
order  to  insure  the  most  beneficial  results  financially  and 
otherwise.  If  thus  enlarged,  the  number  of  patients  would 
exceed  considerably  that  of  most  institutions  of  the  kind  in 
the  country. 

The  present  very  able  superintendent  is  of  the  opinion  that 
an  asylum  containing  five  htmdred  inmates  can  be  successftilly 
managed  financially,  and  the  patients  treated  with  the  greatest 
degree  of  success  obtainable  under  the  present  system,  by  one 
man  with  well  trained  subordinates.  With  an  asylum  <^  tiie 
size  of  ours  at  present,  the  State  should  rather  err  in  not 
increasing  its  capacity  than  in  getting  it  too  large. 


aSFOBMATORY  INSTITUTIOKa  73 

Tte  second  objection  which  would  favor  the  establishment 
of  anew*  asjrlnm,  is  the  well  ascertained  &ct,  that  commnnities 
rembteirom  such  institutions  are  not  as  likely  to  ayail  them- 
selves of  their  advantages  as  those  who  are  near,  and  it  is 
deemed  important  that  the  early  and  prompt  application  of 
treatment  in  insanity  should  be  encouraged. 

If  the  Legislature  shall  decide  that  all  insane  paupers  shall 
be  under  the  control  of  the  State,  we  would  recommend  the 
establishment  of  another  asylum  immediately,  to  be  fully  equal 
in  all  respects  to  the  best  of  the  kind  in  the  country,  so  far  as 
curative  agencies  are  concerned.  No  change  of  system  should 
be  adopted  with  the  sole  view  of  cheapness  of  maintenance, 
but  if  industrial  employments  should  be  introduced  as  a  part  of 
the  regime,  it  should  be  because  they  improve  the  physical  and 
mental  condition  of  the  inmates,  and  the  profits  arising  there- 
fh>m  should  be  incidental  and  not  the  end  sought 

We  are  opposed  to  the  establishment  of  any  institution  of 
this  class  solely  for  supposed  incurables,  and  which  shall  be 
only  custodial  in  its  character. 

It  would  be  well  for  the  State  to  pursue  that  course  on  this 
most  diflScult  and  embarrassing  subject,  which  will  be  compre- 
hensive in  its  results,  and  will  give  to  all  the  insane  that  care 
and  treatment  which  justice  and  humanity  demand.  A  few 
thousand  dollars  expended  now  in  settling  upon  some  definite 
plan,  which  would  require  more  time  than  this  Commission 
with  its  manifold  duties  is  able  to  give,  may  save  hundreds  of 
thousands  of  dollars  in  the  ftiture,  and  ensure  thorough  and 
scientific  treatment  or  proper  custody  to  all  insane  persons  in 
the  State.  We  can  point  with  pride  to  our  noble  institution 
for  the  insane,  which  is  a  credit  to  the  State  in  its  architecture 
and  imposing  appearance,  and  stands  as  evidence  of  our  mate- 
rial prosperity,  and  of  the  enlarged  views  and  noble  hearts 
of  our  legislators.  Its  management,  under  the  present  able 
superintendent,  is  spoken  of  as  a  model  of  excellence  at  home 
and  abroad,  but  we  must  remember  that  eighty  per  cent  of 

10 


74  EEPOBT  ON   PENAL  AHD 

its  incurable  inmates  are  remanded  to  miserable  homes,  or 
to  the  county  poor-houses,  such  as  we  have  shown  them  to  be, 
and  that  the  change  from  an  abode  in  this  costly  and  qiadons 
edifice,  with  all  its  comforts,  to  the  sickening  and  disgostuig 
scenes  of  many  of  the  pauper  homes,  is  truly  ^palling.  We 
must  remember,  too,  the  large  numbers  in  our  State,  who,  for 
want  of  sufficient  accommodations,  can  have  no  treatment; 
that  our  present  asylum  is  filled  to  its  utmost  capacity,  and 
that  over  one  hundred  have  been  turned  away  within  the  past 
year  for  want  of  room. 

2d.    Idiots  and  the  Feeble-Minded. 

The  same  reasons  may  be  assigned  with  greater  force  for  the 
State  to  assume  the  control  of  this  unfortunate  class  of  pan* 
pers,  that  have  been  given  for  the  care  of  the  insane.  Their 
condition  as  we  have  found  them  in  the  county  iK>or-hou8ee,is 
in  many  instances  deplorable  in  the  extreme.  Language 
would  fail  to  convey  an  idea  of  their  forlorn  and  utterly  hope- 
less condition. 

The  readiness  of  the  people  of  this  State  to  adopt  all  reason- 
able measures  for  the  elevation  of  those  who  should  be  under 
its  care  and  protection  will  not  permit  them  to  be  long  without 
an  institution  for  the  education  and  improvement  of  this 
class,  which,  as  Dr.  Samuel  G.  Howe  remarks,  ^^is  far,  far  more 
deplorably  afflicted  than  the  deaf-mutes,  the  blind,  or  insane, 
for  whom  the  State,  to  a  great  extent,  has  provided." 

We  have  now  in  the  county  poor-houses  about  75  idiots  or 
feeble-minded  persons.  There  are  in  the  whole  State,  accord- 
ing to  estimates  of  competent  authorities,  about  one  thousand 
idiots. 

The  corner-stone  of  the  first  public  institution  built  expressly 
for  the  education  of  idiots  in  this  country,  was  laid  at  Syracuse, 
New  York,  on  the  8th  day  of  September,  1854.  An  experi- 
mental school  for  idiots  had  been  established  in  Boston,  in 
1846,  under  the  auspices  of  the  State  of  Massachusetts  and  a 
private  institution  for  the  same  purpose  was  established  by  Dr. 


REFORMATORY  INSTIXUTI0N6.  75 

H.  B.  Wilbur^  at  Barre^  Mass^  the  same  year.  In  1852  a  priyate 
school  had  been  lonnded  in  Gennantown^  which  soon  became 
the  Pennsylvania  Training  School  for  Idiots  at  Media.  The 
States  of  Connecticut  and  Ohio,  in  1855  and  1857,  Kentucky 
in  1860,  and  Illinois  in  1865,  established  similar  schools.  We 
hare  thus  eight  schools  in  the  United  States  devoted  to  this 
purpose,  in  which  about  one  thousand  pupOs  arc  constantly 
reoeiving  training  and  education. 

The  result  of  the  experiments  to  develop  the  minds  of  this 
unfortunate  class  is  found,  after  careful  analysis,  to  be,  that  of 
idiots  not  affected  with  epilepsy,  who  are  brought  under 
instruction  in  childhood,  from  one-third  to  one-fourth  may  be 
made  to  perform  the  ordinary  duties  of  life  with  tolerable  ability. 
They  may  learn  to  read  and  write,  to  understand  the  elemen- 
tary facts  of  geography,  arithmetic,  and  history,  to  labor  in 
the  mechanical  arts,  under  proper  supervision,  and  to  attain 
sufficient  knowledge  of  government  and  morals  to  fulfill  many 
of  the  duties  of  a  citizen. 

A  larger  class,  probably  one-half  of  the  whole,  will  become 
cleanly,  quiet,  able,  perhaps,  to  read  and  write  imperfectly,  and 
to  perform,  under  the  direction  of  others,  many  kinds  of  labor 
requiring  little  thought.  The  remainder  will  make  little  or 
no  improvement. 

Dr.  Edward  Seguin,  an  eminent  French  physician  and  phi- 
lanthropist, who  may  be  considered  the  originator  of  the 
present  system  of  education  for  idiots  and  feeble-minded 
persons,  and  who  is  considered  the  highest  authority  on  this 
subject,  says:  "Not  one  in  a  thousand  has  been  entirely 
refractory  to  treatment ;  not  one  in  a  hundred  who  has  not 
been  more  happy  and  healthy ;  more  than  thirty  per  cent  have 
been  taught  to  conform  to  social  and  moral  laws,  and  rendered 
capable  of  order,  of  good  feeling,  and  working  like  one-third 
of  a  man ;  more  than  forty  per  cent  have  become  capable  of 
the  ordinary  transactions  of  life  under  friendly  control,  of 
understanding  moral  and  social  abstractions,  of  working  like 
two-thirds  of  a  man ;  and  twenty-five  to  thirty  per  cent  come 


76  RBPORT  OM"  PBITAL  AKD 

nearer  and  nearer  to  the  standard  of  manhood,  till  some  of 
them  will  defy  the  scrutiny  of  good  jndges,  when  compared 
with  ordinary  young  men  and  women.** 

When  we  look  at  the  helpless  and  hopeless  condition  of  tiie 
idiots  and  feeble-minded  persons  in  onr  county  poor-houses, 
and  reflect  on  the  large  number  of  that  class  in  the  State, 
many  of  them  certain  to  be  led  into  evil  habits  and  enrne^ 
when  we  know  that  by  proper  care  and  training  a  large  pro- 
portion of  them  maybe  made  useful  citizens,  and  others  n^sed 
from  their  condition  of  utter  helplessness  to  take  proper  care 
of  their  own  persons,  we  feel  like  urging  upon  the  State  ihe 
early  establishment  of  an  institution  for  their  training,  edut»- 
tion,  and  care.  Such  an  institution  should  provide  for  the 
custody  of  all  the  pauper  idiot  and  feeble-minded  diildren  of 
the  State,  and  give  instruction  to  those  who  can  be  benefited 
by  it,  and  at  the  same  time,  if  deemed  advisable,  it  could  be 
made  sufficiently  extensive  to  offer  its  benefits  to  those  citizens 
of  the  State  who  may  have  any  of  that  class  whom  they  wish 
to  enjoy  its  advantages,  and  who  are  able  to  pay  for  such 
privileges. 

So  far  as  the  pauper  class  is  concerned,  the  expense  of  main- 
taining them  under  State  control  in  one  large  institution 
would  not  materially  differ  from  that  of  the  present  system  of 
county  custody,  while  it  offers  the  advantage  of  giving  them 
the  benefit  of  the  chance  of  being  educated  to  become  pro- 
ducing citizens,  instead  of  remaining  as  they  are,  and  always 
will  be  under  the  present  system,  non-producers,  and  oPben 
very  loathsome  ones. 

Pauper  Children. 

Very  much  stronger  reasons  can  be  given  for  the  removal 
of  the  pauper  children  from  the  county  poor-houses  than  can 
be  given  for  the  removal  of  the  insane  and  idiots.  7%ey  have 
all  their  fEtculties,  and  are  to  grow  up  to  fill  places  in  the  State 
for  weal  or  for  woe.  Who  can  doubt  for  a  moment,  when  they 
know  the  infiuences  by  which  such  young  persons  are  sor- 


BSFOBMAXOEY  IKSSriTUTIONS.  77 

iO)9Q4ed9  th^t  very  many  will  be  lost  to  themaelvesy  and  many 
nm^  will  become  crimioalsy  and  inmates  of  our  penal  and 
comeotional  institutions.  There  is  no  doubt  that  this  class, 
unlike  the  insane  and  idiots,  can  all  be  trained  and  educated. 

The  condition  of  ihe  children  in  county  poor-houses  has 
been  the  subject  of  serious  thought,  and  has  called  forth  great 
GW^miseration  from  committees,  boards  of  public  charities^ 
and  pl^iilanthropists  in  many  of  the  States,  yet  they  are  left,  in 
most  cases,  to  remain  amid  those  baneful  influences,  and  legis- 
llitors,  unmindful,  as  we  think,  of  the  true  interests  of  the 
copunonwealth,  still  suffer  them  to  grow  up  to  become  perma- 
nent charges  upon  the  State,  as  large  numbers  of  them,  unless 
otherwise  provided  for,  must  inevitably  become  fixtures  in  our 
charitable,  reformatory,  or  penal  institutioi;i8.  This  great 
stream  of  evil  should  be  turned  aside  at  its  source,  where  small 
means  and  slight  influences  will  accomplish  it,  and  not  suf- 
fered to  become  the  mighty  torrent,  carrying  devastation  before 
it  The  number  of  children  in  almshouses  in  the  States  of 
JS&w  York  and  Ohio  have  become  so  great  that  the  authorities 
are  perplexed  to  know  what  do  do  with  them.  The  number  in 
the  county  poor-houses  in  Kew  York,  in  1869,  was  1,222,  and 
their  Board  of  Public  Charities,  in  their  report  for  that  year, 
say :  "  The  existence  of  this  large  number  excites  the  most 
painful  feelings.  Many  of  them  are  born  in  the  county-house, 
and  pass  there  the  early  days  of  childhood.  When  we  remem- 
ber how  their  earliest  experience  of  life  is  public  dependence 
under  its  most  unfavorable  aspect,  in  the  company  of  the 
wretched  and  depraved,  when  we  recall  their  education  to 
vicious  and  filthy  habits,  we  cannot  be  surprised  that  they 
either  fill  our  prisons  or  fhmish  a  perpetual  supply  of  occu- 
pants of  our  alms-houses.  Shall  we  not,  in  this  manner,  fasten 
upon  oiirselves  a  class  of  hereditary  paupers  ?" 

The  Board  of  Public  Charities  for  the  State  of  Ohio,  in 
their  report  for  1869,  say :  **  Heretofore,  the  Board  have  felt 
constrained  to  urge  the  care  of  the  infirmary  children  upon 
the  State.     The  statistics  for  the  past  year  are  such  as  to 


78  REPORT  OK  PENAL  AND 

bewilder  judgment  as  to  what  is  best,  as  promising  needftd 
relief  to  this  class  of  dependents,  and  as  to  meeting  the  social 
and  moral  obligations  of  the  State.  There  is  an  aggregate  of 
947  children  in  the  several  infirmaries  in  the  counties.  These 
figures  suggest  a  problem  to  the  solution  of  which  the  State 
may  well  devote  its  utmost  wisdom.  Nearly  one  diousand 
children  in  the  poor-houses  of  Ohio !  What  is  to  be  done 
with  them  ?  Think  of  their  surroundings.  The  rayiiig  of 
the  maniac,  the  frightful  contortions  of  the  epileptic,  the 
driveling  and  senseless  sputtering  of  the  idiot,  the  garmlons 
temper  of  the  decrepid,  neglected  old  age,  the  peevishness  of 
the  infirm,  the  accumulated  filth  of  all  these;  then  add  the 
moral  degeneracy  of  such  as,  from  idleness  or  dissipation, 
seek  a  refuge  from  honest  toil  in  the  tithed  industry  of  the 
county,  and  you  have  a  fiunt  outline  of  the  surronndinga  of 
these  little  boys  and  girls.  This  is  home  to  them.  Here 
their  first  and  most  enduring  impressions  of  life  are  formed. 
If  it  be  sad  to  think  of  a  thousand  little  boys  and  girls,  all 
more  or  less  intelligent,  many  of  them  bright  and  beantifol, 
in  such  homes  as  these,  how  deeply  must  every  human  sym- 
pathy be  touched  with  the  reflection,  that  to  these  littie  diil- 
dren  the  poor-house  is  *  all  the  world.'** 

We  have  now  in  the  county  poor-houses  in  this  State,  21% 
children  under  sixteen  years  of  age, — not  including  nine  of  the 
smaller  counties  which  were  not  visited.  It  is  the  earnest 
conviction  of  all  the  members  of  this  Commission,  that  these 
children  should  be  taken  fh>m  the  county  poor-houses  and 
made  the  wards  of  the  State,  and  that  they  should  be  inden- 
tured out  in  families,  or  placed  in  orphan  asylums,  or  in  a 
school  provided  by  the  State,  like  the  State  primary  school  at 
Munson,  Mass. 

It  would  be  wise  for  the  State  to  encourage  the  establishment 
of  private  orphan  asylums,  by  placing  therein  as  many  of  Uiese 
children  as  the  officers  of  such  institutions  are  willing  to 
receive,  and  allowing  them  an  amount  for  their  maintenance 
which  would  be  equal  to  the  expense  of  keeping  them  m  the 


BEFOBMATOBY  IKSTITtTTIONS.  79 

alms-bonses  or  primary  school.  In  this  way  they  would  be 
reared  and  trained  in  yirtaons  ways,  and  at  the  proper  age 
placed  in  private  families,  and  thus  very  likely  become  good 
and  nseful  members  of  society. 

But  if  our  poor-houses  can  not  be  relieved  of  their  children 
by  a  regular  system  of  placing  them  in  &milies,  or  by  their 
admission  into  orphan  asylums,  we  would  advise  the  estab- 
lishment of  a  State  primary  school,  where  the  children,  until 
they  could  be  indentured  or  adopted  in  families,  could  be  edu- 
cated morally  and  mentally,  and  also  taught  habits  of 
industry. 

But  we  would  express  our  conviction  that  institutional  life 
should  be  avoided  as  much  as  possible,  as  we  consider  the  rear- 
ing and  training  in  families  as  more  natural  and  far  superior 
in  all  respects,  while  we  would  also  strongly  urge  the  necessity 
of  supervision  of  indentured  or  adopted  children  by  some  com- 
petent ofScer,  who  shall  frequently  visit  them,  and  ascertain 
if  the  child  is  well  cared  for  and  the  conditions  of  the  inden- 
ture are  being  fulfilled. 

With  some  such  arrangement  we  are  fully  satisfied  that 
judicious  and  humane  persons  would  generally  concur,  and  we 
firmly  believe  that  thereby  many  children,  who  would  other- 
wise become  confirmed  paupers  and  criminals,  and  permanent 
fixtures  in  alms-houses  and  prisons,  would  grow  up  to  be  useful 
citizens  and  an  honor  to  the  State. 

There  is  a  class  of  children  in  all  communities,  who  are  not 
paupers  or  criminals,  but  who  should  be  protected  and  trained 
by  the  State.  These  are  the  children  of  parents  who  neglect 
their  ofbpring,  either  because  they  are  vicious  or  indifierent, — 
children  who  swarm  the  streets,  prowl  about  docks  and 
wharves,  and  are  almost  sure  to  take  up  crime  as  a  trade, 
orphans  who  have  no  one  to  provide  or  care  for  them,  and  all 
vagrant  and  abandoned  children.  All  such  should  be  gathered 
intd  schools,  where  they  would  receive  that  mental,  moral,  and 
industrial  training,  which  their  own  homes  or  circumstances 


80  BBPOBT  ON  PSKAL  AXD  ^ 

would  never  afTord  them,  and  from  which  ibej  might  atliq|)|{th 
be  sent  out  to  good  situations  in  the  country  or  elsewhere, 
where  they  would  grow  into  virtuous  and  useful  citi^cM,  add- 
ing to,  instead  of  preying  upon  the  productive  industey  of  the 
State. 

The  schools  established  for  pauper  children  could  alao  be 
used  for  this  class  of  children,  as  their  treatmi^nt  Apuld  be 
substantially  the  same. 

Dissolute  Paupers. 

All  persons  reduced  to  pauperism  by  drunkenness,  prostitu- 
tion, idleness,  or  any  vicious  habit,  and  all  common  beggars 
and  vagrants  are  entitled  to  no  indulgence,  and  should  be 
treated  as  offenders  against  the  well-being  of  society.  They 
are  the  worst  class  of  paupers  with  which  the  authorities  have 
to  deal.  For  them,  labor  is  the  proper  remedy.  If  all  such 
persons  were  sent  to  a  work-house,  where,  under  the  discipline  of 
hard  labor  and  other  reformatory  agencies,  they  could  be  made 
to  earn  their  living,  the  State  would  soon  get  rid  of  the  expense 
of  supporting  large  numbers  of  this  class,  and  our  alms- 
houses would  be  relieved  of  a  great  nuisance.  It  is  well  known 
that  many  of  our  poor-houses,  especially  those  near  the  large 
towns  and  cities,  have  a  considerable  population  of  these  dis- 
solute paupers,  particularly  prostitutes  and  licentious  persons, 
who  have  become  diseased  and  flock  to  the  alms-houses  to  get 
cured  and  recruit.  The  Wayne  county  poor-house  was  at  one 
time,  we  understand,  quite  noted  for  being  a  very  good  venereal 
hospital. 

The  experiment  of  the  State  of  Massachusetts  in  treating 
all  this  class  of  State  paupers  as  criminals,  and  sentencing 
them  from  six  months  to  three  years  to  the  work-house  at 
Bridgewater,  has  been  attended  with  very  beneficial  results. 
This  course  has  lessened  their  numbers  very  materially  during 
the  short  time  it  has  been  in  operation.  The  Board  of  State 
Charities  for  that  State  say  in  their  report :  ^*  Much  of  the 
good  wrought  by  the  work-house  is  due  to  the  long  sentences  of 


REFORMATORY   INSTITUTIONS.  81 

a  majority  of  the  inmates.  In  this  respect  the  institution  is 
nou)8t  strongly  contrasted  with  the  jails  and  houses  of  correc- 
tion, which  in  other  points  it  resembles.  This  adds  to  its 
power  as  a  deterrent  from  vicious  practices,  and  is  indispen- 
sable to  the  task  of  breaking  up  idle  and  dissolute  habits  of 
life." 

The  master  of  this  work-house  says :  "  The  object  of  con- 
tinuing them"  (the  convicts)  "here  is  not  only  to  protect  the 
community  against  their  criminal  inclinations,  but  to  restore 
them,  if  possible,  to  respectaiility.  ♦  ♦  ♦  Gon- 
stant  employment  is  given  to  all  that  are  able  to  labor,  which 
is  the  lever  iy  which  we  expect  to  raise  them  from  the  slough 
into  which  their  former  idle  and  vicious  habits  have  cast  thtm  ; 
hence  the  necessity  of  the  course  pursued  by  the  committing 
magistrate  in  awarding  to  some  of  them  longer  sentences  than 
ig  practiced  in  the  criminal  courts  of  the  commonwealth." 

There  would  be  no  injustice  to  this  class  of  paupers  by  thua 
treating  them,  for  if  properly  managed  in  work-houses,  they 
would  all  have  an  opportunity  for  reformation,  and  in  many 
oaaes  their  bad  habits  would  be  cured,  and  their  evil  propen- 
sities controlled,  if  they  were  "sent  up"  oq  sufficiently  long 
■entences.  Indeed,  the  work-house  should  be  a  reformatory ; 
and  hard  labor,  with  education,  moral  and  mental,  should  be 
the  great  means  of  reformation.  At  the  same  time  this  system 
would  be  better  than  the  present  one,  on  economical  grounds, 
Ibr  now  they  are  generally  kept  in  idleness,  and  they  are  grow- 
ing constantly  more  depraved,  and  this  does  not  lessen,  but 
increases  the  numbers  who  are  living  upon  the  tithed  industry 
of  the  country ;  whereas,  by  the  adoption  of  this  system,  they 
would  be  compelled  to  earn  a  portion  of  their  maintenance, 
perhaps  the  whole,  and  their  numbers  would  be  constantly 
diminishing  through  the  reformatory  influences  of  the  work- 
house, and  the  deterring  effect  upon  all  that  class  of  idle  and 
vicious  persons. 

The  amount  earned  by  pauper  labor  in  the  poor-houses 
11 


82  HEPOBT  ON  PENAL  AND 

and  on  county  farms,  is  very  smalL  No  thorough  or  system- 
atic effort  is  made  in  that  direction.  The  keepers  are  noi 
always  the  most  efficient  men ;  and  from  the  uncertainty  of 
the  time  they  may  hold  their  positions,  they  are  too  often 
inclined  to  get  along  without  much  effort  at  improvement  in 
the  discipline  or  management  of  the  institution. 

The  amount  of  salary  paid, — which  is  generally  from  $400 
to  $700  a  year  for  a  man  and  his  wife> — pre-supposes  no  very 
efficient  executive  ability  or  superior  talent  If  all  the  claas 
of  paupers  now  under  consideration  (which  would  comprise 
the  largest  number  in  our  alms-houses  who  are  able  to  labor), 
were  congregated  in  institutions  containing  from  three  to  fire 
hundred  each,  it  could  then  be  afforded  to  place  over  them 
efficient  and  competent  officers,  who  would  make  their  labor 
available  and  profitable.  In  every  view  of  the  case,  it  would 
seem  much  better  that  this  class  should  bo  under  separate 
control,  and  subjected  to  rigid  treatment.  They  should  noi 
associate  with  other  paupers,  on  account  of  their  vile  conduct 
and  evil  influences.  They  should  be  made  to  labor  and  earn 
their  own  living,  they  should  be  under  reformatory  influenoes, 
and  all  persons  should  be  made  to  know  that  if  they  too 
squander  their  means  through  idleness,  drunkenness,  or  vicious 
courses,  and  become  reduced  to  pauperism  thereby,  they  will 
have  to  pay  the  penalty  by  hard  labor  and  deprivaiion  of  their 
liberty. 

We  have  set  forth  good  reasons,  we  think,  which  could  be 
supported  by  eminent  authority,  why  a  large  number  of  the 
inmates  of  the  county  poor-house  should  be  under  diflfere&t 
control  and  management  The  difficulties  in  the  way  of 
successful  management  under  the  present  system  have  been 
pointed  out,  all  arising  from  want  of  proper  classification  and 
judicious  treatment  of  the  difierent  classes. 

The  small  number  in  each  of  the  county  poor-houses,  makes 
it  impracticable  that  such  classification  should  be  made,  and 
induces  the  employment   of  incompetent   officers  on  small 


REFORMATORY   INSTITUTIONS.  83 

salaries.  We  have  aimed  to  show  that  the  insane,  the  idiots, 
the  children,  and  the  disolnte  paupers  can  only  be  treated 
scientifically,  humanely,  and  economically,  by  congregating 
much  larger  numbers  of  each  class  together  than  can  be  found 
even  in  our  largest  counties,  and  that  this  can  only  be  done, 
and  any  attempt  at  classification  be  made,  by  the  State  assum- 
ing their  control  and  treating  them  in  Stato  or  district 
institutions. 

If  the  State  shall  assume  the  care  of  these  four  classes,  then 
there  will  remain  in  the  care  of  the  counties. 

The  Aged,  the  Infirm,  and  the  Diseased, 

This  class  requires  kind  and  humane  treatment,  under  the 
direction  of  a  competent  medical  ofScer.  The  medical  care 
and  treatment  of  diseased  paupers,  as  we  haye  before  stated, 
is,  generally,  notoriously  bad,  and  we  fear  that  it  always  will  be 
under  the  present  system.  If  the  State  would  assume  the 
control  of  this  class,  and  place  them  in  two  or  three  district 
hospitals,  or  more  when  the  numbers  become  sufficiently 
large,  they  could  be  kindly  and  humanely  cared  for,  and  have 
thorough  and  scientific  treatment,  with  as  little  or  less  expense 
than  that  which  attends  their  present  management  In  this 
way  homes  could  be  given  to  the  aged  and  infirm  in  distinct 
wards  of  the  hospital.  The  epileptics  could  be  placed  in  a 
separate  ward  or  hospital,  and  other  diseased  persons  could  bo 
classified,  and  their  wants  judiciously  attended  to,  as  well  as 
humanely  and  economically. 

Whenever  such  hospital  could  be  located  near  some  medical 
college,  satisfactory  arrangements,  no  doubt,  could  be  made 
with  such  institution  for  the  medical  care  and  treatment  of  the 
inmates. 

Let  the  State  take  this  whole  subject  of  congregating 
pauperism  under  its  own  control,  and  establish  State  or 
district  institutions  for  the  care  and  treatment  of  the  different 
classes  of  paupers,  and  we  are   fully  satisfied  that,  with  a 


84  REPORT  OK   PEKAL  AND 

Bjstem  judidoosly  arranged,  pauperism  would  be  reduced,  die 
different  classes  would  be  more  humanely  and  properly  treated, 
and  the  whole  matter  would  be  more  wisely  and  ecoDomicaDy 
administered.  Let  this  be  done,  and  then  the  insane  would  be 
scientifically  treated,  the  idiots  would  be  educated  aud  taught 
to  labor,  the  children  would  be  brought  up  in  wisdom  and 
virtue,  the  idlers,  vagrants,  beggars,  drunkards,  prostitutes^ 
and  the  whole  class  of  dissolute  paupers  would  be  taught  by  a 
terrible  necessity,  that  industry  and  orderly  conduct  are  better 
for  them  and  for  society,  and  the  aged  and  infirm,  and  unfor- 
tunate  but  worthy  poor,  would  find  a  home  undisturbed  by  the 
raving  of  the  maniac,  the  drivelings  of  the  idiot,  or  the  lewd, 
blasphemous  talk  of  the  drunkard  and  prostitute. 

The  amount  now  invested  or  to  be  invested  in  the  different 
county  &rms  and  county  poor-houses  would  probably  be  suffi- 
cient to  establish  the  different  State  or  District  institutions. 
The  aggregate  amount  paid  to  physicians  and  keepers  would,  if 
applied  to  the  less  number  of  officers  required  under  suoh 
proposed  system,  go  largely  toward  paying  the  salaries  of  edu- 
cated and  competent  men,  who  should  be  placed  at  the  head 
of  these  institutions,  as  well  as  the  salaries  of  subordinates.  It 
would  seem  very  clear  that  from  three  hundred  to  five  hun- 
dred of  any  class  so  managed  aa  to  make  their  labor  profitable!, 
and  having  their  supplies  of  food  and  clothing  judiciously  pur- 
chased in  large  quantities,  could  be  more  economically  kept 
than  when  the  number  is  small.  One  thing  is  certain  in  regard 
to  all  public  institutions,  namely:  that  very  small  ones  are  usu- 
ally badly  managed,  and  are  not  economical,  and  the  same  may 
be  said  of  very  large  ones.  From  three  hundred  to  five  hundred 
is  the  number  that,  in  the  opinion  of  the  members  of  this 
Oommissiou,  would  be  most  likely  to  be  wisely  managed  and 
economically  administered;  and  that  number  should  be  of  one 
class  or  kind,  as  near  as  practicable. 

An  objection  may  be  raised  against  the  State  or  District 
system  for  the  care  of  paupers,  that  it  would  be  expensive  and 


REFORMATORY  INSTITFTIOXS.  85 

inconvenient  to  transfer  them  from  different  parts ;  but  we 
should  remember  that  our  State  is  now  extensively  traversed 
by  railroads^  and  will  soon  be  more  so,  and  that  the  present 
system  was  established  when  it  was  more  expensive  and  trouble- 
some to  travel  across  a  county,  than  it  now  is  to  travel  half 
across  the  State.  Then,  too,  as  the  State  increases  in  popula- 
tion, and  more  of  these  institution  shall  be  required  and 
erected  in  different  localities,  there  will  be  no  serious  difficulty 
from  the  want  of  proximity  of  any  part  of  the  State  to  such 
an  institution. 

We  deem  it  very  important,  and  believe  it  is  strongly  urged 
by  all  who  have  made  the  subject  of  pauperism  a  study,  and 
by  all  practical  men  who  have  had  large  experience  in  the  care 
and  management  of  paupers,  that  only  permanent  paupers,  or 
such  as  will  be  likely  to  be  a  public  charge  for  a  long  time, 
should  be  placed  in  institutions. 

Our  own  laws  recognize  this  principle,  in  saying  that  the 
superintendent  of  the  poor  shall  commit  to  the  poor-house 
permanent  paupers,  but  there  is  a  great  diversity  in  the  admin- 
istration of  this  statute.  Some  superintendents  of  the  poor 
try  to  get  all  they  can  into  the  poor-house,  while  others,  more 
wisely  we  think,  try  to  keep  out  all  they  can,  and,  if  possible, 
relieve  the  wants  of  the  needv  at  their  own  homes. 

We  consider  the  question,  who  should  be  put  in,  and  who 
kept  out  of  the  alms-houses,  a  very  important  one.  Its  cor- 
rect understanding  lies  at  the  foundation  of  a  successful 
administration  and  management  of  pauperism.  We  say, 
emphatically,  keep  as  many  out  of  our  penal,  reformatory,  and 
charitable  institutions  as  it  is  possible  in  conformity  with  the 
ends  of  justice  and  humanity.  These  institutions  are  the 
excretion  of  a  diseased  body  politic,  and  abnormal  humanity. 
They  exist  only  as  a  necessity,  arising  from  the  evils  of  our 
social  organism  and  the  moral  depravity  of  iddividuals.  If 
we  can  correct  the  errors  of  our  laws,  the  evils  of  society,  and 
the  depravity  of  man,  we  shall  have  no  need  of  them. 


86  REPOBT  ON  PENAL  AND 

Man  exists  in  his  most  natural  and  normal  condition  in  the 
family,  hence,  when  it  is  possible,  we  should  keep  him  there. 
In  all  the  administration  of  public  affairs,  the  family  relation 
should  be  kept  intact,  when  consistent  with  the  ends  of  jnstioe 
and  humanity ;  and  both  justice  and  humanity  should  be  far- 
reaching  in  their  application  to  society,  and  to  the  persons  who 
oome  under  the  power  and  control  of  the  goTernment. 
Temporary  benefita  tq  the  State  should  be  lost  sight  of,  and 
only  that  course  should  be  pursued  that  will  accomplish  the 
greatest  permanent  good  to  society.  '^  All  institutional  life  is 
unnatural,'' and  hence  its  Pudency  is  not  in  the  highest  degree 
purifying  and  elevating  to  the  individual.  If  the  poor  can  be 
relieved  at  home,  or  in  families,  without  a  great  burden  to  the 
State,  it  should  always  be  done,  for  whatever  elevates  individ- 
uals is  better  for  the  mass. 

The  best  system  for  accomplishing  a  successful  application 
of  out-door  relief  in  our  State  can  best  be  determined  by  the 
wisdom  of  the  Legislature.  If  the  State  shall  assume  the  con- 
control  of  all  the  alms-houses,  the  present  system  of  county 
superintendents  of  the  .poor,  or  something  equaltojt,  must 
still  be  continued,  as  each  county  will  probably  be  required  to 
bear  its  burden  of  the  support  of  its  own  paupers,  whether 
under  couuty  or  State  control,  and  these  officers  will  be  just  as 
necessary  under  the  one  system  as  the  other.  If  temporary  or 
out-door  relief  be  increased,  and  made  more  general  in  its 
application,  perhaps  these  officers  would  be  as  competent  to 
accomplish  that  result  as  any  others. 

Any  system  that  favors  out-door  relief  should  be  encour- 
aged, and  the  fact  that  the  system  of  State  or  District  iustitu- 
tions  would  have  a  tendency  in  that  direction,  is  a  very  strong 
circumstance  in  its  favor. 

The  first  admission  to  an  alms-house  generally  destroys  self- 
respect  and  ambition.  Once  there,  the  inmate  soon  Icams  to 
be  a  pauper.  It  is  a  notorious  fact,  that  very  many  pau^xsrs 
leave  the  alms-houses  in  the  spring  and  roam  about  the  conn- 


E£FOBMATORT  INSTITUTIONS.  87 

try  daring  the  warm  weather^  getting  their  living  in  varions 
ways,  to  return,  when  iVosts  and  cold  weather  make  them 
uncomfortable,  to  their  home — the  poor-house.  Others  return 
to  their  accustomed  employments  when  discharged  from  the 
alms-house,  but  having  learned  no  wisdom  from  their  life  of 
dependence,  but  having  lost  their  pride  and  ambition  and 
become  depraved  by  evil  associations^  they  spend  their  earnings 
foolishly,  knowing  that  when  their  means  are  gone  they  can 
return  to  their  home — the  poor-house. 

.  A  small  weekly^  allowance  made  to  many  of  those  needing 
aid,  with  a  little  encouragement  kindly  given,  would  carry 
them  over  the  difScnlt  place,  and '  be  much  better  for  them 
than  consignment  to  the  poor-house,  and  more  economical  in 
the  end  to  the  State.  Especially  is  this  true  of  the  sick. 
Oen.  Isaac  Bell,  who  is  an  active  and  efficient  member  of  the 
Board  of  Commissioners  of  Public  Charities  and  Correction 
of  the  city  of  New  York,  says :  **  By  all  means  possible  keep 
your  paupers  out  of  the  alms-houses.  I  would  rather  give  ten 
dollars  to  a  needy  person  out  ot,  than  to  give  one  dollar  to  a 
'faxLper.iti  the  atmsrhoussJ*  

This  principle  governs,  we  uudetrstatfdy^tlie'  admihistration 
of  the  pauper  system  in  that  city,  and  iio  better  success  that 
we  know  of  is  obtained  anjrwhere. 

We  may  take  the  institutions  of  this  class  in  the  city  of  New 
York,  with  the  population  nearly  equal  to  that  of  Michigan,  as 
an  example  of  what  can  be  done  by  judicious  classification 
And  the  treatment  of  large  numbers  of  each  class  in  separate 
institutions,  and  by  a  well-managed  system  of  out-door  relie£ 
On  the  islands  in  East  River  they  have  their  iisylums  for  the 
blind^  the  insane,  the  idiots  and  inebriates,  separate  hospitals 
for  small-pox,  fever,  paralysis,  epilepsy,  incurables,  and  for 
infants,  work -house  and  penitentiary,  etc.  All  these  institu- 
tions are  kept  in  the  most  scrupulously  neat  and  orderly 
manner.  All  that  science,  skill,  and  care  can  do  for  the 
diseased  is  there  done,  while  justice  is  meted  out  in  the  work- 


88  REPOBT  OK  PENAL  AND 

house  to  idlers,  vagrants,  drunkards,  and  all  that  class  of 
ofienders. 

They  have  also  there  a  House  of  Refuge  for  juTeidk 
delinquents,  "which  is  a  model  of  excellence  in  all  respectiL 
Their  system  of  out-door  relief  is  efficient  and  comprdienflive. 
In-  this  department  during  the  last  year  17,050  patients  hvm 
been  treated,  and  70,65*3  prescriptions  administered,  and  fM, 
fbod,  and  other  necessaries  have  also  been  fumidied  iba^ 
And  this  in  the  corrupt  city ! 

It  would  be  just  as  easy  for  a  State  to  treat  its  paupers 
under  this  system  of  classification  as  it  is  for  a  city,  if  it  were 
not  for  the  difficulty  of  transportation.  Steam  has  neariy 
annihilated  distance,  and,  as  heretofore  stated,  the  country  is 
&st  becoming  a  net-work  of  railroads,  so  that  the  ooet  and 
trouble  of  collecting  the  different  classes  together  would  be 
overbalanced,  by  the  great  advantages  obtained.  We  look 
forward  with  hope  to  the  time  when  this  great  work  shall  be 
accomplished.  For  the  present  we  consider  our  great  need  to 
be  one  State  asylum  for  our  pauper  insane,  where  they  shall 
be  humanely  cared  for  and  scientifically  treated ;  one  institu- 
tion for  the  training  and  education  of  idiots,  where  learning 
to  work  shall  form  an  important  part  of  such  education;  one 
school  for  the  education  of  pauper,  truant,  and  vagrant 
children,  where  learning  to  be  useful,  and  not  paupers  and 
criminals,  will  be  the  certain  result.  When  these  are  estab- 
lished we  hope  there  will  soon  follow  two  or  three  district 
work-houses,  where  the  idlers,  vagrants,  drunkards,  prostitutes, 
licentious  jiersons,  etc^  who  become  paupers  through  such 
courses,  may  be  sentenced  for  long  terms,  until  they  can  pay 
the  State  for  their  care  and  maintenance,  and  where  thev  can 
be  subjected  .to  reformatory  influences,  and  two  or  three 
district  hospitals  where  the  aged  and  infirm,  and  unfortunate 
but  worthy  poor  can  receive  that  kindness,  care,  and  medical 
treatment  that  the  present  system ,  cannot  give,  and  to  which 
all  such  persons  are  fairly  entitled  under  good  and  humane 


BEF0R3LVT0RY  IXSTITUTIONS.  89 

goyemment.  These  institutions  shonld  be  under  State  con- 
trol, with  a  well  organized  system  of  out-door  relief  in  eyery 
ward  and  township,  and  the  whole  system  of  charitable, 
reformatory,  and  i>enal  administration  should  be  under  the 
Bopervision  and  control  of  a  board  of  oflScers. 


CENTRAL  SUPERVISION. 

"Whether  the  present  prison  and  pauper  system  be  continued, 
or  whether  they  be  changed  in  accordance  with  the  foregoing 
recommendations,  or  otherwise,  we  deem  it  a  matter  of  the 
utmost  importance  that  the  administration  of  these  systems 
be  more  perfectly  supervised  than  they  now  are.  The  local 
superrision  of  both  alms-houses  and  prisons  has  utterly  failed 
to  secure  a  good  administration  of  these  institutions,  or  to 
protect  them  from  great  abuses,  or  to  expose  such  abuses 
where  they  exist  The  character  of  the  class  of  persons  usu- 
ally found  in  such  institutions  subjects  them  both  to  neglect 
and  abuse.  They  are  for  the  most  part  unworthy  and  uninter- 
esting, and  are  deemed  to  have  very  slender  claims  upon  our 
sympathy  or  support  beyond  that  of  protecting  them  from 
starvation  and  great  cruelty.  While  most  of  us  get  readily 
interested  in  individual  cases  of  suffering  from  poverty,  and 
even  of  suffering  resulting  from  crime,  we  very  naturally 
shrink  with  disgust  and  dislike  both  from  paupers  and  crimi- 
mals  as  classes,  and  sometimes  we  forget  that  they  are  our 
brethren,  and  are  to  be  pitied  and  cared  for,  to  be  punished 
only  when  necessary,  and  to  be  saved  if  possible ;  and  those 
who  have  the  care  of  these  classes  are  not  usually  chosen  with 
reference  to  their  peculiar  fitness  for  the  position,  but  \vith 
reference  to  economical  or  political  considerations,  and  they 
very  naturally  become  somewhat  indifferent  to  the  welfare  of 
those  under  their  charge,  and  are  apt  to  perform  their  duties 
toward  them  in  a  perfunctory  manner. 

There  is  great  need  of  a  careful,  constant,  and  intelligent 
supervision  by  some  persons  or  board  possessed  of  suflScient 
12 


90  BEPOBT  OK  PEKAL  AKD 

authority  to  make  that  gnperrision  effectual  for  good ;  a  snper- 
Yision  that  shall  extend  to  all  institatioiis  of  the  same  clan  in 
the  State,  so  that  the  entire  system  shall  be  a  nniform  and 
harmonious  whole. 

We  have  come  to  this  clear  and  strong  coii?ictioii,  not 
merely  as  the  result  of  our  own  examination,  obsenration,  and 
reflection,  but  after  carefully  ascertaining,  by  personal  inter- 
course,  by  correqx)ndenoe,  and  by  extensive  reading,  the  Tiews 
of  the  leading  men  of  the  country,  both  practical  and  theoretr 
ical,  who  have  made  this  subject  one  of  study.and  experience. 

This  central  supervision,  especially  of  prisons,  has  received 
the  fullest  consideration  from  the  highest  authority,  and  we 
take  the  liberty  of  quoting  fully  some  of  the  views  which  have 
been  expressed  upon  it 

No  higher  authority  can  be  quoted  than  the  Prison  Associa- 
tion of  New  York.  It  classes  among  its  active  oflScers  Bome 
of  the  very  ablest  and  best  men  of  the  State,  and  its  Corre- 
sponding Secretary,  Bev.  Dr.  Wines,  has  gained  a  world-wide 
reputation  by  his  intelligent  and  successful  labors  in  the  cause 
of  prison  .diseiplinfe.  In  their.Twenty.-fQurth  Annui^  Report, 
in  reference  to  the  prison  system  it  is  said:  ^^  In  any  compre- 
hensive re-organization  of  this  service  in  our  State,  we  consider 
a  central  authority,  having  at  least  general  powers  of  buper- 
vision,  absolutely  essential.  At  present,  the  fundamental  prin- 
ciple of  all  government,  a  responsible  but  supreme  authority, 
is  wanting  in  relation  to  our  prisons;  hundreds  of  persons,  if 
we  include  county  boards  of  supervisors,  having  a  direct  power 
in  their  administration.  The  single  fact  affords  an  ample 
explanation  of  the  slow  progress  which  has  been  made  in  general 
improvement.  The  select  committee  of  1850,  on  prison  disci- 
pline, in  the  British  Parliament,  took  no  wiser  action  than 
that  of  adopting  a  resolution  with  a  view  to  securing  uniform- 
ity in  prison  construction  and  management,  to  the  effect  that 
it  is  desirable  that  the  Legislature  should  intrust  increased 
power  to  some  central  authoritv."    Without  some  such  author- 


REFORMATORY  INSTITUTIONS.  91 

ity,  ready  at  all  times  for  deliberation  and  action,  there  can  be 
no  consistent  and  homogeneous  system  of  administration,  no 
well-directed  experiments,  no  careful  deductions,  no  establish* 
ment  of  broad  principles  of  prison  discipline,  nor  any  skillfully 
devised  plan  for  canying  such  principles  into  effect.  But  if 
the  construction  and  management  of  all  our  prisons  were  en* 
trusted  to  a  central  board  or  bureau,  improyements  of  every 
kind  could  readily  be  introduced,  and  that,  too,  in  the  safest 
manner,  by  first  trying  the  plan  proposed  on  a  small  scale  and 
under  the  best  circumstances  for  insurins:  trustworthy  results, 
and  then,  if  successful,  gradually,  under  the  guidance  of  expe- 
rience, extending  the  sphere  of  its  operations.  It  is  material 
to  remark,  though  the  observation  would  naturally  occur  to 
reflecting  minds,  that  a  supreme  authority,  like  that  here  pro- 
posed, is  quite  compatible  with  local  boards  acting  under  its 
direction. 

But  with  or  without  local  boards,  a  general  board  properly 
constituted  and  empowered  could  find  little  difiSctilty  in  man- 
aging efficiently  and  superintending  the  whole  systenL  We 
ardently  hope  to  see  all  the  departments  of  our  preveutiye, 
reformatory  and  punitive  institutions  moulded  into  one  har- 
monious and  effective  system,  its  parts  mutually  answering  to, 
and  sustaining  each  other ;  the  whole  animated  by  the  same 
spirit,  aiming  at  the  same  objects,  and  subject  to  the  same  con- 
trol, yet  without  the  loss  of  the  advantages  of  voluntary  aid 
and  effort  when  they  are  attainable. 

The  excellent  results  of  such  a  system  are  attested  by  expe- 
rience. A  central  board  of  prison  managers  was  created  in 
Canada  some  eight  or  ten  years  ago,  and  the  good  effects  are 
seen  in  every  department  of  the  administration.  Prison  archi- 
tectui*c  and  prison  discipline  have  gained  immensely ;  criminal 
statistics  of  the  highest  value  are  annually  collected  and  pub- 
lished to  the  world,  and  the  cost  of  the  county  prisons  has 
been  reduced  to  an  extent  which  would  hardly  be  credited. 
To  give  a  single  instance  of  this  reduction,  the  annual  cost  of 
rations  for  each  prisoner  in  the  common  jails  has  been  brought 


02  REPORT  OK   PENAL  AHD 

down  from  $89  25  to  $32  85,  a  saving  in  this  item  of  nearij 
two-thirds. 

The  experience  in  France  is  equally  decisive.  In  1856,  tlie 
state  took  charge  of  all  the  prisons  of  the  conntrr.  The 
resnlt  has  been  the  correction  of  Uie  groesest  alrases  in  eraj 
department  of  the  administintiony  the  introdnction  of  exeel- 
lent  and  cheap  supplies  into  the  prisons,  reduction  of  expenses 
by  at  least  one-third,  and  an  almost  incredible  angmentatm 
of  the  product  of  prison  labor. 

The  annual  product  of  such  labor  increased  in  eight  years 
(so  says  the  Philadelphia  Journal  of  Prison  Discipline  and 
Philanthropy)  in  all  the  Departments,  wiih  the  exception  of 
that  of  Paris,  from  14,446  francs  to  900,000  francs,  an  increase 
of  more  than  6,000  percent. 

In  the  twenty-fifth  report  they  re-afSrm  the  same  views, 
and  say :  ''As  the  principle  that  crowns  all,  and  is  essential  to 
all,  it  is  now  commonly  felt  and  acknowledged,  that  no  prison 
system  for  a  State  or  country  can  be  perfect^  can  even  be  suc- 
cessful to  the  broadest  and  most  desirable  extent,  without  some 
central  authority  that  sits  at  the  helm,  guiding,  controlling, 
harmonizing,  unifying,  vitalizing  the  whole.*' 

The  Board  of  State  Charities  for  Massachusetts  for  1868 
say :  ''  The  most  important  matter  connected  with  our  prisons 
is  to  have  the  whole  of  them,  from  lock-up  to  State  Prison, 
brought  under  the  inspection  and  supervision  of  a  Central 
Board,  with  one  Inspector  General.  By  discontinuing  the 
salaries  of  local  inspectors,  enough  would  be  saved  to  pay  the 
salary  of  a  competent  officer,  who  should  give  bis  whole  time 
to  tJie  work." 

They  renew  the  recommendation  the  following  year,  and 
say :  "  The  experience  of  another  year  shows  still  more  strongly 
the  necessity  of  inspection  and  supervision,  and  of  an  efficient 
Inspector  General,  and  the  Board  renews  its  recommendation 
of  last  year,  that  such  an  office  be  established." 

Some  progress  has  already  been  made  in  carrying  these  views 
into  effect  through  boards  formed  in  different  States,  although 


REFORMATORY  IN8TITUTI0N8.  93 

Xiegislatnres  have  been  slow  in  clothing  these  boards  with  the 
requisite  power  to  enable  them  to  accomplish  all  the  good  that 
might  be  accomplished. 

In  Massachusetts  a  Board  of  State  Charities  was  established 
in  1863,  under  an  act  of  the  Legislature  of  that  year. 

II  consists  of  five  persons  appointed  by  the  OoTemor  and 
Council,  who  receive  no  compensation  except  for  expenses,  and 
a  secretary  and  agent,  who  both  receive  salaries.  One  of  the 
five  members  of  the  board  is  appointed  each  year. 

The  duties  of  the  board  are  "  to  investigate  and  supervise 
the  whole  system  of  the  public  charitable  and  correctional 
institutions  of  the  commonwealth,"  and  to  reconmiend  such 
improvements  as  they  deem  necessary.  They  can  remove 
paupers  and  lunatics  from  one  institution  to  another.  The 
agent  is  to  transact  the  <'  out-door  business"  of  the  board,  and 
to  perform  various  duties  with  reference  to  paupers,  lunatics, 
emigrants,  etc. 

The  secretary,  besides  keeping  the  records,  is  to  collect  sta- 
tiatics  and  to  **  prepare  a  series  of  interrogatories  to  the  several 
inatitutions  of  charity,  reform,  and  correction,  supported 
wholly  or  in  part  by  the  Conmion wealth,  or  the  several  coun- 
ties thereof,  with  a  view  to  illustrate,  in  his  annual  report,  the 
causes  and  best  treatment  of  pauperism,  crime,  disease,  and 
insanity.  He  shall  also  arrange  and  publish  in  his  report  all 
desirable  information  concerning  the  industrial  and  material 
interests  of  the  Gonunonwealth  bearing  upon  these  subjects.*' 

The  board  have  rooms  in  the  State  House,  hold  meetings  at 
least  monthly,  and  are  to  make  annual  reports  to  the  Legisla- 
ture. The  salaries  of  the  agent  and  secretary  were  at  first 
fixed  at  two  thousand  dollars  each,  but  have  been  increased  to 
three  thousand  dollars,  and  these  offices  have  been  filled  by 
men  of  marked  ability.  The  reports  of  the  board  are  of 
exceeding  value,  as  illustrating  the  causes  and  best  treatment 
of  pauperism,  crime,  disease,  and  insanity,  '^  and  the  exposure 
and  reform  of  existing  abuses  and  defects  in  the  management 
of  charitable  and  correctional  institutions." 


94  REPORT  OK  PEKAL  AND 

Ohio  in  1867  established  a  Board  of  State  Charities,  consiBt- 
ing  of  five  persons  appointed  by  the  Governor,  and  who  receive 
no  compensation  other  than  actual  traveling  expenses.  Their 
powers  are  very  similar  to  those  of  the  Massachnsetta  boards 
except  that  until  the  present  year  they  have  had  no  salaried 
officers  to  aid  them.  This  want,  of  course,  greatly  crippled 
their  power  for  good,  but  this  defect  has  now  been  remedied, 
and  the  reports  already  made  have  thrown  great  light  upon 
the  condition  of  charitable  and  penal  institutions  in  that 
State,  and  their  labors  have  been  most  beneficial. 

The  constitution  of  New  York  formed  in  1867,  but  whidi 
was  not  adopted,  contained  a  clause  which  provided  for  a 
Board  of  Managers  of  Prisons  to  be  appointed  by  the  Gov- 
ernor, with  the  consent  of  the  Senate,  to  hold  office  for  ten 
years,  one  to  go  out  every  two  years.  They  were  to  have  the 
charge  of  State  Prisons,  and  to  perform  such  duties  in  respect 
to  other  prisons  as  should  be  pronded  by  law.  They  were  to 
have  no  compensation  other  than  expenses,  and  were  to  appoint 
a  secretary  whose  salary  was  to  be  fixed  by  law ;  and  also  to 
appoint  the  warden,  clerk,  physician,  and  chaplain  of  each 
State  Prison,  and  to  remove  the  same  for  cause  only,  and  after 
an  opportunity  to  be  heard.  The  warden  was  to  appoint  and 
remove  at  pleasure  all  other  officers.  Such  a  system  can  be 
established  in  New  York  only  by  an  amendment  to  the  con- 
stitution. The  Prison  Association,  in  urging  the  last  Legisla- 
ture to  submit  such  an  amendment  to  the  people,  give  as  a 
reason,  that  "  the  article  incorporated  into  the  rejected  consti- 
tution was  prepared  by  an  experienced  committee  after  long 
and  earnest  deliberation ;  that  it  was  unanimously  approved 
by  the  executive  committee  when  submitted  to  them ;  that  it 
was  not  made  a  party  question  by  the  convention  that  adopted 
it,  but  received  the  hearty  support  of  both  parties ;  that  it  has 
the  sanction  of  the  present  Chief  Magistrate,  who  took  an 
active  part  in  framing  it ;  that  it  was  approved  and  recom- 
mended by  the  Board  of  State  Prison  Inspectors  in  their  last 


REFORMATORY  INSTITUTIONS,  95 

annual  report;  that  it  has  the  preetigo  of  the  votes  of  a  pre- 
ponderating majority  of  one  of  the  most  enlightened  bodies 
ever  assembled  in  this  State ;  that  it  promises  the  best  results 
for  prison  discipline  in  case  it  should  become  a  part  of  the 
fundamental  law." 

The  State  of  Rhode  Island,  in  1867,  provided  for  the  organ- 
isation of  the  Board  of  State  Charities  and  Corrections,  con- 
sisting of  six  persons  appointed  by  the  Governor,  with  the 
advice  and  consent  of  the  Senate,  and  of  a  secretary  appointed 
by  the  board.  The  secretary  alone  receives  a  compensation. 
They  are  to  appoint  a  Superintendent  of  State  Charities  and 
Corrections.  The  Board  **  have  the  entire  charge  and  control 
of  said  work-houses,  asylums  for  the  incurable  insane,  house 
of  correction,  and  alms-houses,  and  may  appoint  such  assist- 
ants in  the  management  thereof  as  they  may  deem  necessary, 
and  shall  fix  their  compensation;  also  the  compensation  of 
the  secretary  and  superintendent,  and  may  make  all  rules  and 
regulations  for  the  government  of  all  of  said  institutions, 
including  all  contracts  for  the  labor  of  said  institutions." 

They  have  also  other  powers,  and  are  required  to  make  a 
report  annually. 

The  State  of  Illinois,  in  the  same  year,  provided  for  a 
"Board  of  State  Commissioners  of  Public  Charities,"  con- 
sisting of  five  persons  appointed  by  the  Governor,  one  going 
out  each  year.  They  are  to  visit  all  charitable  or  correctional 
institutions, '^excepting  prisons  receiving  aid  from  the  State, 
to  examine  institutions,  the  conduct  of  trustees,  the  condition 
of  buildings,  and  to  ascertain :  Ist.  Whether  moneys  have 
been  economically  and  judiciously  expended.  2d.  Whether 
the  objects  designed  arc  accomplished.  3d.  Whether  the  laws 
have  been  complied  with.  4th.  Whether  all  parts  of  the  State 
are  equally  benefited,  and  to  report  in  writing  to  the  Gov- 
ernor, and  to  make  recommendations."  They  are  also  to  inves- 
tigate abuses  when  directed  by  the  Governor,  and  to  examine 
poor-houses  at  least  once  in  each  year.    They  arc  to  app»int 


96  REPOBT  ON  PENAL  AND 

a  clerk,  who  is  to  act  as  an  accountant,  but  the  members  of 
the  Board  receive  no  compensation.  The  Board  haTe 
appointed  as  secretary,  Bev.  F.  G.  Wines,  a  gentleman  pre-emi- 
nently qualified  for  the  position,  and  who  is  already  making 
his  influence  felt  for  good.  He  is  paid,  we  understand,  a  salary 
of  three  thousand  dollars  per  annum. 

A  bill  was  introduced  into  the  last  Legislature  of  Indiana 
providing  for  a  "Board  of  Managers  of  Prisons,"  which  we  ar^ 
assured  was  received  with  great  favor,  and  would,  doubtless, 
have  become  a  law,  except  for  the  fact  that  the  session  came  to 
a  sudden  and  unexpected  termination  by  the  withdrawal  of  a 
portion  of  the  members.  The  bill  was  evidently  drawn  with 
great  and  intelligent  care,  and  as  it  possesses  some  peculiar 
features  that  may  be  suggestive,  we  give  an  abstract  of  some 
of  its  provisions: 

The  Board  was  to  consist  of  five  persons  appointed  by  the 
Governor,  with  the  advice  and  consent  of  the  Senate,  one  to 
go  out  every  two  years,  subject  to  removal  by  the  Governor  for 
malfeasance  or  misfeasance  in  office.  They  were  to  receive  two 
hundred  dollars  a  year  for  traveling  expenses,  and  no  other 
compensation.  They  were  to  have  the  charge  and  superintend- 
ence of  all  State  Prisons,  appoint  and  fix  the  salaries  of  the 
warden,  clerk,  physician,  and  chaplain,  and  have  the  power  o^ 
removal, — other  ofScers  being  appointed  by  the  warden,  but  to 
be  satisfiictory  to  the  Board. 

They  were  to  appoint  a  superintendent  of  prisons,  who  was 
to  be  their  secretary  and  executive  ofl^cer,  and,  with  the  con- 
sent of  the  Governor,  fix  his  salary.  They  were  to  conduct  all 
prisons  on  the  principles  of  reformation  and  not  of  vindictive 
justice,  and  prescribe  such  methods  of  discipline  and  govern- 
ment as  will,  as  far  as  possible,  reform  the  characters  and  pre- 
serve the  health  of  the  inmates,  and  secure  them  fixed  habits 
of  industry,  morality,  and  religion. 

There  were  to  be  no  officers  who  did  not  sustain  a  good 
moral  character  and  abstain  from  the  use  of  intoxicating 
liquors  and  profane  language. 


REFORMATORY   INSTITUTIONS.  9T 

GoverDor  Haight,  of  California,  in  his  annual  message* 
warmly  recommends  the  appointment  of  a  Board  of  Commis- 
sioners to  have  the  supervision  of  the  State  Prison,  and  to 
appoint  the  warden,  the  Board  to  consist  of  five  in  number, 
one  to  go  out  every  two  years. 

There  are,  doubtless,  other  States  that  have  some  like  system 
of  central  supervision,  but  we  are  not  familiar  with  them. 

It  is  very  apparent  that  the  tendency,  both  of  opinion 
and  legislation,  is  in  the  direction  of  some  such  central  author- 
ity. Of  its  need  in  this  State  we  entertain  no  doubt,  and  we 
therefore  i-ecommend  that  a  "  Board  of  State  Charities  and 
Corrections''  be  formed,  to  consist  of  five  persons  to  be 
appointed  by  the  Governor,  with  the  advice  and  consent  of  the 
Senate,  to  hold  office  for  the  term  of  ten  years,  but  so  arranged 
that  the  term  of  one  of  said  board  shall  expire  every  two  years, 
and  that  they  be  authorized  to  appoint  a  secretary,  who  shall  be 
the  executive  officer  of  the  Board.  We  recommend  farther,  that 
this  Board  have  the  charge  and  supervision  of  all  the  prisons  and 
correctional  institutions,  alms-houses,  and  work-houses  under 
the  control  of  the  State,  and  that  it  be  made  their  duty  to  exam- 
ine the  condition  of  all  jails,  prisons,  correctional  institutions, 
almshouses,  and  work-houses  in  the  State,  and  report  thereon, 
and  that  they  be  further  charged  with  the  duty  of  collecting  facts 
and  statistics,  as  well  as  the  opinions  of  men  eminent  for  their 
acquaintance  with  social  science,  with  a  view  to  illustrate  in 
their  annual  report  the  causes  and  the  best  treatment  of  crime, 
pauperism,  disease,  imbecility,  and  insanity.  We  recommend 
that  they  receive  no  compensation  other  than  their  actual 
expenses  incurred  in  the  discharge  of  the  duties  of  their  office, 
but  that  they  be  authorized,  with  the  consent  of  the  Governor, 
to  fix  the  salaiT  of  their  secretary,  so  that  they  may  secure  the 
services  of  some  one  especially  competent  to  fill  the  duties  of 
the  office.  This  officer  would  be  the  executive  officer  of  the 
board  in  the  general  supervision  of  the  institutions  under  their 
charge,  and  upon  him  would  devolve  the  duty  of  collecting 

13 


D8  KEPORT  ON   PENAL  AND 

facts  and  preparing  statistics  on  the  subjects  of  panperism  and 
crime  in  our  own  State  and  elsewhere,  so  far  as  they  would 
throw  any  light  upon  the  subject  of  what  legislation  or  action 
is  required  here.  He  would  need  to  be  familiar,  and  to  keep 
himself  constantly  familiar,  with  the  improvements  and  experi- 
ments, whether  legislative  or  practical,  going  on  in  other 
States  and  countries  in  the  treatment  of  pauperism  and  crime 
and  the  actual  workings  thereof,  so  that  we  can  gain  wisdom 
from  the  experienca  of  others,  rather  than  from  rash  and 
expensive  experiments  of  our  own. 

It  18  obvious  to  all  thoughtful  men,  that  it  is  not  easy  to 
find  a  man  just  adapted  to  such  a  position,  and  that  any  man 
who  could  fill  it  would  command  a  liberal  remuneration  for 
his  time  in  otlier  departments  of  business,  and  the  power  of 
tlie  Board  to  accomplish  their  own  work  well  would  measur- 
ably depend  upon  their  being  at  liberty  to  employ  and  retain 
for  their  only  officer,  a  man  fully  qualified  for  the  place,  in 
whose  capacity  and  executive  ability  they  could  implicitly 
confide. 

APPOINTMENT  OF  OFFICERS. 

Should  any  such  system  as  we  have  recommended  bt* 
adopted  by  the  Legislature,  or  any  material  modifications  of 
our  present  system  be  made,  a  question  of  very  great  impor- 
tance will  have  to  be  determined,  viz.,  where  shall  be  placed 
the  power  of  api)ointing  the  superintendents,  wardens,  or 
other  chief  oflScers  of  these  institutions  for  the  treatment  of 
pauperism  and  crime  ? 

The  success  of  any  system  of  treating  these  great  subjectjj 
must  depend  very  largely  on  the  ability,  skill,  and  fidelity  with 
whicli  it  is  carried  out.  A  good  system  will  fail  in  incompetent 
hands,  and  a  poor  system  will  measurably  succeed  in  thor- 
oughly competent  ones.  The  peculiar  qualities  required  to 
fill  the  })osition  of  chief  officer  of  such  institutions  are  far 
more  rare  than  those  required  to  fill  many  higher  and  mon' 
responsible  ones,  and  this  arises  from  the  combination  of  curi- 
ous qualities  essential  to  success  in  such  a  ])08ition. 


UEFORMATORV  INSTITUTIONS.  99 

Such  an  oflScer  should  be  familliar  with  the  various  methods, 
good,  bad,  and  indifferent,  of  managing  such  institutions,  and 
of  the  actual  workings  of  the  various  methods  and  their  prac- 
tical results,  and  have  the  sound  judgment  to  select  the  best, 
and  if  possible,  to  improve  upon  them.  He  should  be  an 
accurate,  skillful,  energetic  business  man,  with  a  large  execu- 
tive capacity,  that  will  enable  him  to  carry  out  his  own  plans 
successfully  through  the  agency  of  others,  lie  should  unite 
firmness  of  purpose  with  kindness  of  heart,  and  jjossess  the 
rare  power  of  knowing  how  to  deal  wisely  with  the  perverted 
moral  and  intellectual  forces,  and  lastly,  he  should  heartily 
love  the  work  which  he  undertakes,  and  devote  himself  in  the 
spirit  of  the  great  ]^Iaster  to  the  highest  welfare  of  those  under 
his  charge,  and  be  astute,  ingenious,  and  assiduous  in  devising 
modes  to  educate  and  save  them. 

Whoever  has  the  appointing  power  should  be  so  interested 
in  the  workings  of  these  institutions,  so  familliar  with  their 
wants,  as  to  know  just  what  qualities  are  demanded  in  a  chief 
officer,  and  should  be  left  at  liberty,  uncontrolled  and  uninflu- 
enced by  party,  political,  or  personal  considerations,  to  select 
the  right  man  wherever  he  may  be  found,  and  to  retain  him  as 
long  as  the  interest  he  had  in  charge  demanded  it. 

It  is  the  uniform  testimony  of  all  men  connected  with,  or 
interested  in  the  management  of  prisons  in  other  States,  that 
one  of  the  greatest  evils  connected  with  such  management  is 
the  influence  of  party  politics.  In  the  State  of  New  York  the 
Inspectors  of  State  Prisons  are  elected  by  the  people,  and  are 
consequently  politicians ;  and  the  wardens  of  the  State  Pris- 
ons are  appointed  and  dismissed  upon  the  same  principle  that 
other  offices  in  the  gift  of  the  prevailing  party  for  the  time 
l>eing  are  filled  and  vacated.  It  is  difficult  to  exagerate  the 
evils  that  have  resulted  from  this  course.  These  evils  have 
been  set  forth  very  fully  and  iK)werf ully  in  reports  of  the  Prison 
Association,  and  good  men  of  all  parties  ai'e  recommending  a 
(*hange.  In  many  other  States,  the  evils  if  not  equally  great 
are  still  verv  manifest. 


100  KEPORT  OX    PENAL   AND 

Wisconsin  recently  lost  a  most  capable  and  raluable  office 
because  he  could  not  refute  the  only  charge  brought  against 
him,  that  he  had  held  the  office  six  years,  and  he  was  forced 
to  give  way  to  a  new  man  in  obedience  to  the  doctrine  of 
"  rotation  in  office." 

In  this  State  the  evils  resulting  from  this  cause  have  not  as 
yet  been  seriously  felt.  The  paltry  salary  paid  to  the  Agent  of 
our  State  Prison  has  not  produced  a  very  lively  competitioii 
for  the  place.  But  that  such  evils  will  creep  in,  as  our  system 
enlarges  to  meet  the  growing  necessities  of  our  State,  there  can 
be  no  doubt.  No  Governor,  whatever  might  be  his  personal 
views,  would  feel  himself  at  liberty  to  appoint  a  person  of 
opposing  politics  to  such  an  office,  or  even  to  retain  one 
therein.  The  doctrine  that  "  to  the  victors  belong  the  spoils," 
is  practically  adopted  by  all  the  political  parties,  and  no  one 
filling  a  political  office  having  an  appointing  iK)wer  feels  at 
liberty  to  disregard  it.  He  is,  in  that  respect,  the  representa- 
tive of  the  party  electing  him,  and  must  carry  out  their  wishes. 
Not  only  must  the  appointee  be  of  the  same  political  faith, 
but,  in  general,  appointments  must  be  made  in  consideration 
either  of  past  or  future  services  to  the  party  in  power.  This 
would,  as  a  rule,  exclude  the  appointing  power,  not  only  from 
going  outside  of  the  dominant  political  party,  and  of  the  Stat^. 
but  from  going  outside  of  active  politicians  to  select  a  man. 
This  may  be  very  well  so  far  as  officers  wielding  a  political 
power  are  concerned,  but  the  same  rule  ought  not  to  be  applied 
to  such  offices  as  those  which  we  are  considering.  They  an* 
not  offices  of  political  trust  or  power,  but  they  are  office? 
requiring  peculiar  and  rare  qualities  to  fill  them  successfully. 
Important  pecuniary,  sanitary,  moral,  and  social  results  depend 
upon  the  manner  in  which  they  are  administered,  and  whoever 
has  the  appointing  power  should  have  all  parties  and  all  States 
from  which  to  make  the  selection.  Many  of  the  most  suc- 
cessful prison  officers  have  been  invited  to  come  from  other 
States  to  those  desiring  their  services.  Gen.  Pillsbury,  whose 
reputation  is  national,  was  drawn  to  New  York  from  Connec- 


KEFOKMATORT    INSTITUTIONS.  101 

ticut,  Mr.  Brockway,  of  the  Detroit  House  of  Correction,  was 
drawn  from  New  York,  Mr.  Cordicr  was  drawn  from  Wiscon- 
sin to  the  charge  of  the  Western  Penitentiary  of  Pennsylvania, 
at  Pittsburg. 

These  are  but  a  few  of  many  instances  where  one  State  has, 
to  its  great  advantage,  availed  itself  of  the  experience  and 
ability  found  in  another. 

The  Central  Board  already  spoken  of  will  doubtless  be 
selected  without  reference  to  party  politics.  The  place  is  one 
of  duties  only,  and  not  of  honor  or  profit,  and  there  is  no 
obligation  to  fill  such  places  with  political  friends  merely. 
This  Board  would  have  charge  of  the  institutions  referred  to, 
would  know  their  distinctive  wants,  and  have  an  especial 
interest  in  the  appointment  of  men  as  chief  officers  who  are 
adapted  to  the  position.  They  would  be  in  a  position  to  act 
with  entire  independence  in  the  selection  of  such  officers,  and 
80  to  exercise  their  best  judgment. 

We  therefore  respectfully  yet  earnestly  recommend  that  the 
power  of  appointing  the  chief  officers  of  the  several  State 
institutions  for  the  treatment  of  paupers  and  criminals,  be 
placed  in  such  Board ;  such  power  of  appointment  to  extend 
to  the  superintendent  or  warden,  the  clerk,  the  physician, 
and  the  chaplain  where  there  is  one.  The  subordinate  officers 
we  think,  should  be  appointed  by  the  chief  officer  of  each 
institution  and  be  under  his  control. 

For  much  the  same  reasons,  we  recommend  that  the  Board, 
together  with  the  Governor,  fix  the  salaries  of  such  officers. 
With  most  of  these  institutions,  whether  they  are  to  be  sup- 
ported at  a  great  expense  to  the  State  or  at  a  slight  expense, 
or  whether  some  of  them  shall  be  self-supporting,  will  depend 
very  largely  upon  the  business  skill  with  which  they  are  con- 
dHcted.  Business  skill,  equal  to  conducting  institutions  of 
such  magnitude  economically  and  successfully,  is  in  demand 
and  has  a  high  market  value,  and  as  a  rule  cannot  be  obtained 
for  a  small  salary ;  and  true  economy  unquestionably  demands 
that  a  skill  and  capacity  equal  to  the  duties  be  employed, 


102  REPORT  ON    PENAL  AND 

rather  than  inferior  skill  and  capacity  although  at  a  mach 
cheaper  rate.  Had  the  Detroit  House  of  Correction  been  con- 
ducted by  any  man  who  could  have  been  obtained  at  a  small 
salary,  its  surplus  earnings  would  not,  we  apprehend,  as  now, 
exceed  an  average  of  over  $13,500  per  annum. 

We  think  the  Board  should  be  at  liberty  to  do  just  as  men 
doing  a  large  business  of  their  own  Avould  do, — go  into  open 
market  and  select  the  best  men  that  they  can  find  for  the 
several  places,  at  such  salaries  as  they  find  themselves  com- 
pelled to  pay,  in  order  to  obtain  thoroughly  competent  men. 

We  are  aware  that  there  is  a  natural  reluctance  to  pay  sub- 
ordinate officers  salaries  larger  than  those  received  by  our 
highest  State  officers  and  our  Judges ;  and  it  will  be  said  that 
these  salaries  secure  competent  men  for  Superintendents  of 
State  Prisons,  etc. 

We  apprehend,  however,  that  there  is  no  analogy  to  be 
drawn  between  the  different  offices.  Our  State  and  judicial 
offices  are  places  of  high  honor,  and  political  and  judicial  trust 
and  power.  They  indicate,  if  they  do  not  demonstrate,  that 
the  incumbents  hold  a  high  place  in  the  confidence  and  affec- 
tions of  the  people,  and  they  are  often  the  stepping-stones  to 
still  higher  honors.  History  has  shown,  that  in  all  ages 
offices  of  this  character  have  been  sought  after  by  able  and 
ambitious  men  without  respect  to  the  salary.  And  in  this 
State  these  offices  are  sought  or  accepted  not  for  the  small 
salaries  attached  to  them,  but  despite  the  smallness  of  the 
salaries.  Indeed,  the  salaries  paid  our  State  officers  are  less 
than  those  received  by  thousands  of  clerks,  lK)ok-keeper^ 
salesmen,  and  agents  of  all  sorts,  through  the  State;  while 
the  income  of  many  a  fifth-rate  lawyer  far  exceeds  the  salaries 
of  our  Judges. 

The  offices  in  question  arc  not  offices  of  honor,  or  political 
trust  or  power.  The  duties  belonging  to  them  are  most  labor- 
ious, and  are  anything  but  inviting  in  their  character.  Their 
performance,  as  we  have  seen,  requires  rare  and  peculiar 
capacity.    The  capacity  that  would  enable  one  to  perform  these 


REFORMATORY  INSTITUTIONS.  103 

duties,  could  not  fail  to  command  liberal  compensation  in  other 
and  more  inviting  departments  of  labor,  and  as  a  rule,  liberal 
compensation  alone  can  secure  it  for  the  benefit  of  the  State. 
The  Board  could  safely  be  trusted  tp  pay  no  larger  salaries 
than  the  interests  of  the  State  demand. 

Another  reason  why  this  power  of  appointment  should  rest 
with  the  Board  is,  that  it  would  give  some  assurance  that  the 
appointments  would  be  permanent  in  their  character,  unless  a 
cause  for  removal  exists.    Where  an  appointment  is  for  a  short 
term,  and  a  re-appointment,  however  unexceptionable  the  con- 
duct of  the  oflBcer,  is  uncertain,  and  depends  upon  whether 
there  is,  or  is  not,  a  change  in  the  administration  of  the  State 
government,  personal  or  political,  or  upon  the   doctrine  of 
**  rotation  in  office,"  it  will  be  difficult,  if  not  impossible,  to 
secure   the  services  of  thoroughly  competent   men  for  such 
positions. 

Such  men  can  do  better  than  to  take  a  place,  the  permanency 
of  which  is  dependent  upon  such  contingencies*    Then,  too, 
all  experience  demonstrates,  that  the  proper  administration  of 
such  institutions  depends  very  largely  upon  the  stability  of 
the  management.    Every  change  in  the  management  intro- 
duces, to  some  extent,  new  theories,  new  plans  and  practices, 
and  often  rash  experiments ;  while  frequent  changes  destroy 
all  system,  and    bring  confusion,  if  not  utter  chaos.    The 
most  successful  institutions  are  marked  by   the  stability  of 
their  management.     Mr.  Jones,  of  the  New  York  House  of 
Refuge  (the  most  successful  of  all  institutions  of  that  class), 
has  been   there  nearly  twenty  years.    Gen.  Pillsbury,  of  the 
Albany  Penitentiary,  has  been  at  its  head  from  its  opening — 
a  quarter  of  a  a  ntury  since.    Mr.  Ilaynes,  of  Massachusetts 
State  Prison,  has  been  at  its  head,  as  warden,  for  nearly  thir- 
teen  years,  while  fifteen  of  the  subordinate  officers  have  been 
there,   upon  an  average,  nearly  sixteen  years.    In  New  York, 
evils  of  a  most  serious  character  have  sprung  up  in  the  State 
Prisons  from  the  frequent  changes  of  wardens  and  other  officers. 


101  REPORT  ON    PENAL  AND 


CONCLUSION. 

Wc  are  eonscioud  that  the  recommendatious  made  bj  us  in 
the  foregoing  report  involve  some  radical  changes  in  the  admin- 
istration of  our  system  for  the  care  and  custody  of  onr  paupers 
and  criminals.  We  have,  however,  endeavored  to  avoid  recom- 
mendations which  involve  rash  and  untried  experiment^  and 
to  confine  ourselves  to  those  which  experience  has  shown  to  be 
practicable,  and  which  are  demanded  by  the  highest  interests 
of  society  and  the  St^te.  If  they  are  adopted  they  wQl  doubt- 
less involve  a  very  considerable  present  expense,  but  we  are 
firmly  convinced  that  the  expenditure  will  be  in  the  interests 
of  the  strictest  economy.  Every  wise,  eflFective  measure  for  the 
prevention  and  the  cure  of  pauperism  and  crime  will  save  far 
more  than  its  cost.  Nor  is  it  expected  that  these  changes  if 
approved  can  be  all  made  at  once.  This  must  be  the  work  of 
time,  but  the  sooner  a  broad,  wise  system  is  adopted  the  better 
for  ever}^  interest  conceraed.  It  seems  to  us  that  the  first  step 
in  the  direction  of  reform  is  the  establishment  of  a  Central 
Board,  which  shall  have  the  supervision  of  all  State  institu- 
tions of  a  penal  character,  or  for  the  relief  of  paupers,  and 
ample  power  to  inspect  all  alms-houses,  jails,  and  correctional 
institutions,  whether  supported  and  controlled  by  town,  city,  or 
county.  It  should  be  their  duty  to  report  to  the  Legislature  the 
condition  of  all  such  institutions,  and  also  to  examine  and 
report  upon  the  best  mode  of  preventing  and  dealing  with 
pauperism  and  crime.  Such  a  Board  properly  constituted, 
ivith  an  eflScient  secretary  or  executive  oflBcer,  after  giving  the 
•subject  a  careful  study,  would  be  enabled  intelligently  to  recom- 
mend just  what  further  steps  are  necessary  to  be  taken,  and 
when  and  how  far  the  other  recommendations  of  this  Commis- 
sion should  be  adopted ;  and  could  most  eflSciently  aid  in  carry- 
ing into  effect  any  measures  which  the  Legislature  should 
authorize. 

The  next  most  urgent  need  is  an  immediate  provision  for 


REFORMATORY   INSTITUTIONS.  105 

the  insane  and  idiotic  poor  and  the  children  of  poverty  and 
want  found  in  the  alms-house  or  elsewhere,  and  the  removal  of 
all  these  classes  from  the  county  alms-houses. 

The  classification  of  the  other  paupers  and  the  establish- 
ment of  hospitals  for  one  class  and  work-houses  for  another  is 
not  as  urgent,  but  its  early  accomplishment  is  demanded  by 
the  gravest  considerations.  And  especially  is  this  the  case  as 
to  many  classes  of  the  sick  poor,  who  require  competent 
nursing  and  good  medical  or  surgical  treatment.  These  classes, 
we  suggest,  could  best  be  provided  for  in  a  hospital  established 
near  the  Medical  Department  of  the  State  llEiversity. 
Nowhere  else  could  they  receive  skillful  treatment  so  economi- 
cally, while  the  establishment  of  a  hospital  at  that  point 
would  greatly  increase  the  facilities  for  medical  and  surgical 
education. 

As  the  State  Prison  needs  thorough  repairs  and  improve- 
ments which  require  a  large  expenditure,  it  seems  most  desir- 
able that,  before  this  is  done,  the  Legislature  should  adopt  a 
permanent  prison  system  for  the  State,  so  that  these  expendi- 
tures shall  be  made  with  reference  to  such  system,  and  the 
position  which  the  present  State  Prison  shall  hold  therein. 

In  the  meantime  all  persons  convicted  of  such  offenses  as 
authorize  their  confinement  in  county  jails,  could  be  sent  to 
the  Detroit  House  of  Correction,  and  the  jails  only  be  used  as 
places  of  detention,  and  their  very  name  abolished.  The 
system  of  indeterminate  confinement  until  the  prisoner  had 
earned  his  conditional  or  absolute  discharge  by  furnishing 
evidence  of  his  fitness  to  again  go  into  society,  could  also  be 
tried  under  the  most  favorable  circumstances  in  tlie  Detroit 
House  of  Correction. 

These  recommendations  are  made  in  the  discharge  of  a  duty 
imposed  upon  us  by  the  act  of  the  Legislature,  under  which 
we  have  received  our  appointment  from  yonr  Excellency,  and 
as  the  result  of  a  laborious  examination,  careful  study,  and  full 
consideration ;  and  as  such  we  respectfully  submit  them  and 
14 


106  PENAL  AND  REFORMATORY  INSTITUTIONS. 

the  report  generally,  to  your  Excellency,  and  through  yon  to 

the  Legislature. 
We  desire  to  express  our  obligations  to  you  personally  for 

the  deep  interest  which  you  have  taken  in  our  duties,  and 

the  efficient  aid  which  you  have  rendered  us  m  the  perfor- 

mance  of  those  duties. 

S.  S.  CUTTER, 
C.  I.  WALKER, 
F,  K  RANKIN, 

Commissioners, 


APPENDIX. 


APPENDIX. 


SCHEDULE  A. 

Statement  shoioing  the  condition  of  poor-house  buildingSy  and 
values  of  county  farmsy  in  the  several  counties  of  the  State, 

Alcona — No  report. 

Allegan — Wood  building,  in  very  fair  condition ;  men  lodge 
in  an  old  dilapidated  building  outside,  with  an  addition  made 
of  boards,  like  a  barn,  for  the  insane;  farm,  ICO  acres;  value, 
$10,000. 

Alpena — No  poor-house. 

Antrim — No  i)oor-liouse. 

Barry — House  in  good  coHdition,  barn  old ;  farm,  120  acres : 
value,  about  $6,000. 

Bay — House  built  of  wood  and  needs  repairs;  fai'ra,  120 
acres ;  value,  $5,000. 

Benzie — No  poor-house. 

Berrien — New  brick  house,  two  stories  and  basement,  with 
28  rooms  and  a  separate  department  for  the  insane ;  also  com- 
modious barns  and  out-houses ;  cost  15,000,  which,  with  the 
farm  of  160  acres,  is  valued  at  $25,000. 

Branch — Two  story  brick  building  with  attic  and  cellar : 
large  and  roomy,  in  good  condition,  well  managed;  also  two 
large  barns  and  one  horse-bam ;  farm,  140  acres ;  value,  $17,000. 

Calhoun — Large  wooden  building,  part  of  it  17  years  old, 
remainder  only  10  years;  good  bam,  farm,  145  acres,  value 
$14,500.  Insane  persons  in  a  wretched  condition,  for  want  of 
proper  places  of  custody,  and  experience  in  the  care  of  them. 


110  REPORT  OX  PENAL  AND 

Cass — Brick  house,  with  frame  addition ;  rooms  small ;  a 
new  addition  of  brick  is  being  built ;  kept  in  good  order — neat 
and  cleanly ;  farm,  280  acres ;  value,  $25,000. 

Charlevoix — No  poor-house. 

Cheboygan — No  poor-house. 

Chippetca — No  report. 

Clinton — Frame  building,  two  stories,  and  also  a  small  build- 
ing, separate,  in  good  condition  ;  also,  a  log  house ;  farm,  77 
acres;  value,  $6,000. 

Delta — No  report 

Eaton — Brick  house,  in  which  are  cells  for  insane  persons : 
also  a  frame  building;  farm,  160  acres;  value,  $6,000. 

Emmet — No  poor-house. 

Genesee — Large  brick  building,  two  and  one-half  stories,  in 
good  preservation,  butneeding  some  repairs ;  farm,  112^^  acres: 
value,  $8,000. 

Grand  Traverse — No  poor-house. 

Gratiot — Small  house,  in  good,  comfortable  condition ;  fium, 
80  acres;  value,  $3,500. 

Hillsdale — Two  frame  buildings,  one  of  them  large,  the 
other  small;  both  are  neat  and  comfortable;  the  farm  and 
grounds  are  homelike  and  pleasant:  farm,  200  acres;  value, 
$12,000. 

Houghton — No  report. 

Huron — ^No  poor-house. 

Ingham — Building  good;  nearly  new ;  farm 200 acres ;  value. 
$8,000. 

Ionia — Poor  log  house,  good  frame  barn  ;  farm,  120  acres: 
value,  $6,000. 

Iosco — ^No  poor-house. 

Isabella — Log  house  with  frame  addition ;  good  barn  ;  farm. 
160  acres;  value,  $4,000. 

Jackson — Large  old  building,  out  of  repair  and  inconvenient : 
distinction  between  town  and  county  poor  still  kept  up ;  farm 
160  acres :  value,  $9,000. 


UEFORMATORY   INSTITUTIONS.  Ill 

Kalamazo(h^O]d  wood  building,  in  a  dilapidated  condition, 
not  Tery  neat;  farm,  170  acres;  value,  117,000. 

Kent — Old  wood  building  in  a  bad  condition ;  rooms  small ; 
an  out  building  used  for  idiots  and  diseased  persons,  cold, 
filthy,  and  uncomfortable;  farm,  104  acres;  value,  $7,000. 

Keweenaw — Xo  report. 

Lapeer — Frame  house;  condition  not  reported;  farm,  80 
acres ;  value,  $6,500. 

Leelanaw — No  poor-house. 

Lenawee — Xew  brick  house,  with  two  wings ;  three  stories ;  in 
good  condition ;  separate  department  for  the  insane ;  farm, 
147  acres;  value,  135,000. 

Livingston — No  poor-house  or  farm ;  the  keeping  of  the 
\H)OT  is  let  to  the  lowest  bidder.  A  committee  of  the  board  of 
supervisors  say  that  "  the  poor  are  kept  in  one  room,  18x22 
feet ;  males  and  females  occupying  it  as  sleeping,  sitting,  and 
dining  room ;  in  a  frame  house  boarded  and  battened,  without 
plaster." 

Mackinac — No  report. 

Macomb — Brick  house,  three  stories,  with  basement ;  also  a 
separate  hospital  building  of  brick ;  also  two  frame  buildings, 
one  for  insane  tmd  idiots,  the  other  for  washing  and  bathing ;    . 
good  bam  and  other  out-buildings ;  farm,  134  acres ;  value, 
$18,000. 

Manistee — No  report. 

Manitou — No  report. 

Marquette — No  report. 

Mason — No  rejiort. 

Mecosta — Small  frame  house  and  bam ;  farm,  80  acres ; 
value,  $3,000. 

Menominee — No  report. 

Midland — House  needs  repairs ;  barn  in  poor  condition  ; 
farm,  120  acres ;  value,  $3,000. 

Monroe — Large  building,  very  inconvenient,  and  in  a  dilapi- 
dated condition  ;  farm,  154  acres ;  value,  $13,000. 


112  UEPORT  ON   PEKAL  AKD 

Montcalm — A  good,  substantial  frame  building,  large  enough 
for  present  use,  and  a  good,  new,  large  barn  ;  farm,  120  acres : 
value,  14,000. 

Muskegon — Frame  house,  boarded  with  2-inch  plank  and 
sided,  but  not  plastered ;  farm,  80  acres ;  value,  $4,000. 

Newaygo — No  poor-house. 

Oakland — Large  brick  house,  three  stories,  with  comfortable 
rooms,  except  the  cells  for  the  insane,  no  provision  having 
been  made  for  warming  them  in  cold  weather;  farm,  137 acres; 
value,  about  $20,000. 

Oceana — No  poor-house. 

Ontonagon — Frame  dwelling-house  and  barn,  not  used  for 
the  poor,  who  arc  kept  cheaper  elsewhere :  farm,  140  acres : 
value,  12,000. 

Osceola — No  report. 

Ottawa — Wood  building,  two  stories,  with  a  wing  and  an 
addition  for  wood-house  and  cells,  in  good  repair  and  kept 
(rlean ;  farm,  200  acres ;  value,  $14,000. 

Saginaio — Wood  building,  large  and  roomy,  in  good  condi- 
tion ;  three  insane  persons  confined  in  miserable  cells.  The 
overseer  thinks  "  they  might  be  benefited  or  restored  under 
proper  treatment,  which  the  county  does  not  afford.^  Farm. 
80  acres ;  value,  $7,700. 

Sanilac — New  brick  building  with  stone  basement ;  sexes 
kept  in  separate  rooms;  farm,  120  acres;  value  without  build- 
ings, $4,000 ;  value  of  buildings  not  stated. 

Shiawassee — Frame  building,  two  stories  with  basements  40 
by  70  feet ;  rooms  small ;  farm,  80  acres ;  value,  $5,000. 

St,  Clair — Has  no  poor-house;  the  poor  are  kept  by  the 
week,  the  county  providing  furniture,  bedding,  clothing,  etc.: 
farm,  about  200  acres ;  value,  $7,000. 

St. Joseph — Frame  building;  large  and  in  fair  condition: 
well  managed;  farm,  210  acres;  value,  $8,400. 

Tuscola — No  report. 


REFORMATORY   INSTITUTIONS.  113 

Van  Buren. — Large  honse,  in  good  condition^  and  satisfac- 
torily condncted ;  farm,  170  acres ;  valne,  110,200. 

Washtenaw — Old  wooden  bnilding,  with  a  new  brick  apart- 
ment for  the  insane;  farm,  120  acres;  value,  19,600. 

Wayne — Extensive  brick  buildings,  with  a  separate  depart- 
ment for  the  insane,  with  cells,  damp,  in  an  nn warmed  base- 
ment, and  no  ventilation  ;  poor-house  not  very  well  cared  for ; 
very  little  classification  of  inmates;  farm,  280  acres;  value, 
*47,600. 

Wexford — No  poor-house. 

Total  value  of  farms,  1407,000. 

In  one  instance,  the  value  of  the  buildings  is  omitted,  and 
Irom  some  counties  there  is  no  report.  Probably  the  total 
value  of  investments  in  the  State,  including  stock,  agricultural 
implements,  furniture,  and  household  goods,  will  exceed 
$600,000. 

A  few  of  the  poor-houses  are  well  ventilated,  but  the  greater 
portion  of  them  have  no  means  of  ventilation,  except  by  the 
doors  and  windows.  Only  a  very  few  of  them  have  any  bathing 
fiicilities,  and  in  but  a  few  of  them  is  there  any  proper  classi- 
fication of  the  inmates,  and  no  effort  made  for  their  moral  or 
mental  improvement.  The  condition  of  the  poor  in  some  of 
them  is  wretched  and  miserable,  particularly  that  unfortunate 
class  who  are  insane,  some  of  them  being  kept  in  uncomfort- 
able rooms,  without  fire  in  the  coldest  weather,  in  a  very  filthy 
condition,  or  confined  in  miserable  cells,  without  ventilation, 
and  with  scarcely  any  of  the  comforts  of  life ;  a  disgrace  to  a 
civilized  and  Christian  community. 
15 


114 


R1SP0KT  OK  P^KAL  AKD 


SCHEDULE   B, 

Table  showing  (he  Cost  of  Support  of  the  Poor^  in  the  several  Counties  cfOU 
State,  over  and  above  the  Products  of  Countif  FcMrms^for  the  year  1S69. 


CX)UNTIE8. 


Alcona  (no  report) 

Allegan 

Alpena 

Antrim 

Bany 

Bay 

Benzie  (no  poor  to  provide  for) 

Berrien 

Branch 

Calhoun 

Cass 

Charlevoix  (no  poor  to  prov.  for) 

Cheboygan 

Chippewa. 

Clinton 

Delta  (not  returned) 

Emmet  (no  poor  to  provide  for) 

Eaton.. 

Ijrenesee.. .................... 

Grand  Traverse 

Gratiot.. 

Hillsdale 

Houghton 

Huron 

Ingham 

Ionia 

Iosco 

Isabella 

Jackson 

Kalamazoo 

Kent 

Keweenaw 

Lapeer.- 

Leelanaw 

Lenawee 

Livingston ^ 

Macomb 

Mackinac  (no  report) 

Manistee 

Manitou  (no  report) 

Marquette 

Mason 

Mecosta.. 

Menominee 


Poor  Honsc. 


$1,588  00 


3,000  00 
1,759  95 


2,500  00 
1,170  25 
2,910  00 
1,199  61 


1,798  25 


8,029  70 
4,175  70 


1,500  00 
1,000  00 


5,554  46 
8,060  24 


500  00 
6,000  00 
1,685  00 
8,658  00 


3,000  00 


2,888  61 

575  75 

4,488  80 


Out  door  Relief. 


$8,710  00 

1,222  16 

400  00 

1,465  28 

2,884  29 


5,500  00 
1,203  00 
4,000  00 
1,915  42 


250  00 

578  66 

1,028  88 


500  00 

5,586  40 

1,866  71 

71  50 

1,500  00 

12,288  58 

242  07 

1,578  19 

'  V.ioooo 

600  00 

700  00 
3,078  00 
1,842  00 
5,759  00 
3,500  00 

884  00 
5,988  74 

582  72 
2,967  84 


5,818  84 


520  00 


6,201  06 

1,599  64 

2,126  04 

757  01 


Totil. 


$5,248  00 

1,222  16 

400  00 

4,465  28 

4,144  24 


8,000  00 
2,878  25 
6,910  00 
8,115  OS 


250  00 
578  68 

2,822  18 


8,539  70 
9,782  10 
1,866  71 
1,571  00 
2,500  00 
12,288  58 
242  07 
7,127  65 
8,000  24 

1.400  00 
1,100  00 
6.700  00 
4,718  00 
5,000  00 
5,759  00 
6,500  00 

884  00 
8,817  85 
1,158  47 

7.401  64 


5,818  84 


6,201  06 

1,599  64 

2.646  04 

757  01 


BEFOBMATOBT  UTSTITUTIONS. 


115 


SCHEDULE  B.—OanUnued. 


COUSTIB8. 


Midland 

Monroe 

Montcalm 

Maskegon^. . 

Newaygo 

Oaklana 

Oceana 

Ontonagon 

Ottawa 

Saginaw 

Sanilac 

Shiawassee — 

St.  Clair 

St.  Joseph 

Tnscola 

Van  Buren... 
Washtenaw.. 

Wayne 

Wexford 


Total 


Poor  House. 


$1,600  00 
3,066  00 
8,989  92 
5,417  44 


Oat  door  Relief. 


$1,142  80 

1,880  40 

977  22 


Total. 


4,800  00 


2,571  00 
4,585  84 
1,000  00 
4,459  00 


3,714  84 


1,126  00 

6,178  10 

18,270  68 


$117,515  59 


1,619  18 
5,000  00 
1,967  79 
4,485  95 
970  00 
4,820  75 
1,759  98 

i"8^687'67 
1,226  16 
1,128  62 
2,625  00 
6,180,69 
9,000,00 
169  00 


$148,611  69 


$2,642  80 
4,946  40 
4,967  14 
5,417  44 
1,619  13 
9,800  00 
1,967  79 
4,485  95 
8,541  00 
8,906  59 
2,759  98 
4,459  00 

13,687  67 
4,940  50 
1,128  62 
8,751  00 

12,308  79 

27,270  68 
160  00 


$266,127  28 


In  the  above  schedule,  the  statement  of  expenses  for  the 
support  of  the  -pooTy  in  the  counties  of  Chippewa,  Houghton, 
Huron,  Keweenaw,  Marquette,  Mason,  Menominee,  St.  Glair, 
and  Tuscola,  are  taken  from  the  reports  of  the  Superintendents 
of  the  Poor  to  the  Secretary  of  State,  for  the  year  1869  ;  the 
Commissioners  not  having  received  statements  from  those 
counties  of  such  expenses,  and  not  being  able  to  distinguish 
what  proportion  of  such  expense  was  for  support  of  paupers 
in  the  poor-house,  or  for  out-door  relief,  the  several  amounts 
are  placed  in  the  second  column.  We  are  aware  that  the  fore- 
going schedule  shows  some  discrepancies,  when  compared  with 
the  annual  reports  made  to  the  Secretary  of  State  by  the 
County  Superintendents,  for  which  we  are  unable  to  account, 
except  on  the  supposition  that  the  statements  made  to  us  do 
not  make  the  year  close  at  the  same  time,  some  of  them  having 
been  made  several  months  since,  while  others  are  of  a  more 
recent  date. 


116  HEPOBT  OK  PENAL  AND 

We  have  beforc  us  two  etatements  of  the  expenses  in  Wayne 
county,  one  made  January  12, 1870,  and  one  August  22, 1870, 
which  diflTer  from  each  other,  and  neither  of  them  agree  with 
the  amount  reported  to  the  Secretary  of  State.  We  mention 
this  as  one  instance  by  way  of  illustration,  and  with  a  yiew  of 
recommending  that  a  new  form  for  these  reports  be  adopted, 
containing  more  full  and  complete  returns  from  the  County 
Superintendents  of  the  Poor,  and  that  they  be  required  by  law 
to  make  such  returns  on  or  before  a  certain  time,  and  that  a 
penalty  be  incurred  for  neglect  to  comply  with  such  require- 
ment. 

We  herewith  submit  for  consideration  in  Schedule  "  F,^  the 
items  to  be  embraced  in  such  report,  and  the  Secretary  of  State 
should  be  directed  to  make  the  blanks  in  proper  form,  and 
distribute  the  same  to  the  several  counties. 


REFOBHATOBT  IN8TITUTI0KS. 


117 


SCHEDULE    C. 

TabU  showing  the  number  of  Insane  fldiats^  BUnd^  ami  Mute  in  the  several 

Poor-Houses. 


ool^mJts^. 

• 

e 
a 

1 

s 

1 

• 
0 

1 

REMARKS. 

AUefiran   

2 

Aloena - 

A  titritii  _ .  ^ .  -  - 

Ranpv   -  _  -., ^ .  „ 

1 

if^**J  - 

Bav 

Benxie. 

Berrien . 

8 

7 
1 

3 
1 
8 
8 

2 

1 

Branch 

One  returned  from  Insane 

Oalhoun 

2 

8 

[Asylum  as  incurable. 

0am 

Charlevoix 

CheboTiran 

Clinton 

1 

2 

RmTYlAli 

£aton . . 

2 
4 
8 

4 
1 

1 

Gtonesee ) 

"        f 

Grand  Tr»v««'ae-- 

2  kept  in  private  fam.  and 

[1  at  Detroit  Asylum. 

- « - «" 

Gratiot 

1 
6 

1 

Hillsdale.. 

Hougliton 

Uuron - -- 

Inffham 

1 

8 

2 

1 

......... ^....-. .......... 

Ionia -- 

1 

loeco 

laaheUa 

1 

7 

Jackson 

2 

2 

Kent. 

21 

8 

Keweenaw 

Lapeer  - 

7 

1 

8 

1 

Lenawee 

15 

1 
9 

8 
1 
5 

1 
..... 

1 

1 

Livingston 

Macomb • 

.  Manistee 

Marquette 

Mason 

Mecosta. 

Midland 

Monroe 

5 

8 
1 

1 

1 

1 

Muskegon 

1 

1 

1 

Newaygo 

OakUW 

N^umber  not  stated 

Oceana 

V'..J\"V. 

118 


UEPOBT  ON  PENAL  AND 


SCHEDULE  a— Continued, 


C0UNTIK8. 

1 

• 

5 

o 

1 

i 
S 

REMABKS. 

Ontonftffon - 

Ottawa 

4 
4 
6 
4 
6 
4 

6 

Saginaw 

Sanilac..... 

Shiawassee 

St.  Clair 

2 
8 

..... 

1 
1 

St.  Joseph 

Toscola 

Van  Boren 

2 

Washtenaw 

19 
67 

1 
3 

2 

Wavne. 

Wexford 

62 

80 

15 

Total.- 

215 

RSPOBMATOBY  LN8TITUTI0NS. 


119 


SCHEDULE   D, 

TcMa  showing  the  largest  number  of  inmaUi  in  the  $everal  County  Poor 
Houses  at  one  time  during  the  year  1869 ;  also  the  number  under  16 
years  of  age. 


COUNTIKS. 

Highest  No. 
at  one  time. 

No.  nnder  16 
years. 

REMARKS. 

Alleirftii. 

19 

2 

A  InenA . .. 

No  Poor  House. 

Antrim - 

No  Poor  House. 

19 
20 

Bav 

5 

'Benzie - 

No  Poor  House. 

Berrien  - 

84 
25 
86 
85 

8 
4 

12 
6 

Branch -.. -- 

Calhoun - --..- 

Cass 

Charlevoix - - 

No  Poor  House. 

Chebovfiran . 

No  Poor  House. 

Clinton 

82 
25 

6 

1 

£aton 

Emmet 

No  Poor  House. 

G^enesee 

42 

10 

G-rand  Traverse 

No  Poor  House. 

Qratiot 

9 
48 

8 
4 

Hillsdale 

Houffhton - 

No  iieport. 
No  Poor  House. 

Uaron .-.- 

16" 
6 

Inirham - 

29 
27 

Ionia 

Iosco.  - -- 

No  Poor  House. 

Isabella. ..--. 

11 
87 

47 
41 

-iTackson ...  

4 

10 

9 

Kalamazoo .-. 

Kent 

Keweenaw - -- 

No  Report. 

Laoeer -..- 

28 

4 

Tjeelanaw .-- 

No  Poor  House. 

Lienawee 

60 
14 
54 

17 

LiyinflTston 

Macomb - - 

10 

Manistee 

No  Report 
No  Report. 
No  Report. 

Marauette 

Mason. ..-.-- -- 

Mecosta 

8 
12 
49 

6 
19 

1 
8 
8 
1 
2 

Midland 

Monroe 

Montcalm - 

Muslcegon 

120 


BEPOBT  OK  PENAL  AND 


sen  ED  ULE  D.—Continwd. 


COUNTIES. 


Newaygo-  - . 

Oaklaad 

Oceana 

Ontonagon. 

Ottawa 

Saginaw 

Sanilac 

Shiawassee. 
St.  Clair..-. 
St.  Joseph.. 

Tuscola 

Van  Buren- 
Washtenaw. 

"Wayne 

Wexford- -- 

Total 


a- 


49 


20 
83 
10 
24 
84 
44 


20 
108 
870 


1478 


« 

a 

B 
O 

55 


9 
4 

1 


8 
6 


1 

6 

80 


212 


REMAKES. 


No  Poor  House. 


No  Poor  House. 

No  poor  kept  in  Poor  H  'se. 


No  rec'd  k'pt  th'sc  un'dr  16 


No  Report. 


No  Poor  House. 


REFOBMATOBT   INSTITUTI0K8. 


121 


8CHED  ULE    E. 

Statement  showing  the  cost  to  Counties  for  maintenance  of  Indigent  and 
Pauper  Ptttiente^  at  Michigan  Asylum  for  the  Insane^  for  12  months  end- 
ing 3 let  of  July,  1870, 


rOUNTIEH. 


All^gaa 

Alpena 

Btity 

Baj 

Berrien............ 

Branch 

Calhoon 

Cass 

Clinton 

Delta 

Baton 

Bmmet 

Genesee 

HUlsdale 

Honi^ton 

Hnron.. 

Ingham 

Ionia 

Iosco 

Jackson 

Kalamazoo 

Kent 

Keweenaw 

Lapeer 

Leelanaw 

Lenawee 

Urineaton 

16 


1 

•s 

• 

0092 

295 

109  4 

n 

8891 

6004 

4886 

276  2 

2842 

01  8 

660 

021 

8868 

276  8 

2070 

021 

181  6 

18i0 

18  6 

4800 

914 

8988 

104  2 

2444 

02  1 

810  4 

119  8 

Board. 


$1,782  00 

104  00 

888  00 

822  00 

1,862  00 

2,102  00 

1.086  00 
967  00 
820  00 
ISO  00 
288  00 
182  00 

1,809  00 

967  00 

727  00 

182  00 

686  00 

616  00 

66  00 

1,020  00 

8,199  00 

1394  00 

860  00 

806  00 

182  00 

1.087  00 
419  00 


aothing, 

Bxp. 

Home, 

Und'tak'r 

• 

P 

$204  26 

$6  10 

28  81 

104  09 

40 

88  48 

186  88 

0  70 

207  74 

11  80 

169  47 

10  88 

60  19 

78 

124  90 

220 

82  00 

29  96 

01 

2  80 

.....  — 

197  48 

240 

182  82 

0  18 

lis  02 

088 

9  12 

00  81 

90 

90  02 

1  OS 

19  10 

18 

169  6« 

680 

412  82 

480 

222  46 

10  21 

004 

89  91 

868 

19  40 

209  08 

669 

10  60 

1  16 

ToUl. 


$1  02 
88 
40 
12 
87 
1  82 
92 
07 
87 
09 
98 
12 
99 
48 
21 
12 
24 
60 

1  08 
98 

1  80 
09 

78 

27 

1  09 

09 


$1,998  88 

182  64 

488  44 

860  00 

1,000  40 

2,828  86 

1,717  27 

1,028  49 

948  02 

212  64 

264  90 

180  42 

1,006  87 

1,100  48 

801  11 

191  74 

697  40 

748  60 

80  28 

1,702  02 

8,616  60 

1,628  02 

870  68 

900  82 

202  22 

1,804  86 

484  90 


$8  91 
4  46 
4  46 
892 
899 
8  87 
8  91 
8  72 
405 
4  16 
8  97 
806 
402 
400 
4  10 
8  68 
8  88 
408 
402 
8  91 
8  96 
409 
806 
889 
8  88 
420 
8  64 


122 


BBPOBT  OK  PEKAL  AKD 


SCHEDULE   E^-'QmUnued, 


COUNTIES. 


Macomb — 
Bf«rqaette. . 

Mtflon 

MoooiU.... 

Monroe 

Montcalm . . 
MnskcgOD.. 
Newaygo  . . 
Oakland.... 

Oceana 

Ontonagon 

Ottewa 

Saginaw 

Santlac 

Shiawassee. 
St.  Clair.... 
St.  Joseph.. 

Tuscola 

Van  Borcn . 
Washtenaw 
Wayne 

Total... 


1 

• 

1 

Board; 

Clothing, 

Exp. 

Home, 

Und^Uk'r 

• 

1 

1 
1 

271  2 

$049  60 

$108  87 

$4  18 

$0  67 

668 

107  80 

22  80 

20 

102  5 

860  60 

68  28 

560 

21 

482 

160  00 

26  91 

8  61 

06 

4011 

1,414  60 

128  62 

1  80 

88 

Tl  6 

251  60 

68  26 

280 

21 

422  6 

1,480  00 

218  80 

.4  70 

75 

18  2 

6100 

1  60 

24 

607  6 

2,002  60 

241  90 

12  16 

182 

266 

94  00 

4  91 

12 

62  1 

182  60 

29  15 

09 

808 

1,060  60 

128  86 

8  91 

1  86 

8684 

1,287  60 

226  81 

7  68 

1  28 

104  2 

866  00 

24  29 

2  80 

09 

158  4 

555  00 

66  91 

260 

90 

876  4 

1,818  00 

166  81 

19  10 

67 

812  6 

1,094  60 

170  62 

788 

1  20 

61  8 

215  00 

18  80 

280 

80 

210  2 

786  00 

116  62 

12  96 

27 

8266 

1,144  00 

282  88 

10  85 

1  85 

766  1 

2,681  60 

421  60 

888 

4  15 

11,788  8 

141,242  00 

$6,^7  20 

$198  50 

$82  89 

Total. 


|1,0«B72 

2S0  00 

484  69 

199  68 

1,646  25 

813  27 

1,698  75 

66  74 

2,847  88 

99  08 

211  74 

1,199  12 

1,472  72 

892  18 

616  SI 

1,604  48 

1,278  70 

281  90 

864  85 

1,889  06 

8,110  68 


I 

8  91 
425 
4  14 
88i 
484 
4  01 
869 
893 
861 
406 
895 
4  16 
S7« 
880 
409 
4«S 
879 
4  11 
425 
400 


tM,90t  66    $1  90 


REFORMATORY  IN8TITUTI0K8,  123 


SCHEDULE  F. 

statement  of  the  different  items  which  it  is  desirable  should  be 
embraced  in  the  annual  report  of  Superintendents  of  the 
Poor,  to  the  Secretary  of  State,  to  be  made  on  the  first  day 
of  November  in  each  year,  or  at  such  other  time  as  shall  be 
deemed  best. 

1st — ^Whole  number  of  Paupers  in  Poor-House  during  the 
year. 

2d — Average  number  during  the  year. 

3d — ^Number  under  16  years  of  age. 

4th — ^Number  of  Insane. 

5th — Number  of  Idiots. 

6th — ^Number  of  Blind. 

7th — ^Number  of  Mutes. 

8th — Cost  of  maintenance  in  Poor-House. 

9th — Salary  of  Keeper  of  Poor-House. 

10th — ^Amount  paid  for  Medical  Attendance. 

11th — Amount  earned  by  labor  of  Paupers. 

12th — Amount  paid  for  transportation  of  Poor. 

13th — Amount  paid  for  repairs  of  buildings,  stock,  tools, 
etc.,  including  all  items  which  are  not  any  part  of  the  actual 
expenses  of  maintaining  the  Poor. 

14th — ^Amount  paid  to  Superintendents  of  Poor. 

15th — Amount  paid  to  Supervisors  and  Justices. 

16th — Number  of  persons  who  have  received  temporary 
support  or  outdoor  relief  during  the  year. 

17th — Amount  paid  for  temporary  support  or  outdoor  relief 
during  the  year. 

18th — ^Value  of  county  farms,  including  buildings,  stock, 
tools,  furniture,  and  fixtures. 

19th — Nationality  or  biri;hplace  of  paupers. 

Remarks. — ^TJnder  this  head  should  be  given  a  general 
description  of  the  condition  of  the  farm-house  and  other  build- 


124  REPOBT  OUT  PEKAL  AND 

ings ;  the  manner  in  which  paupers  are  treated ;  how  they  are 
fed  and  clothed;  in  what  manner  sick  persons  are  cared  for; 
how  the  insane  and  idiots  are  kept,  and  what  are  their  treat- 
ment and  accommodations ;  how  the  pauper  children  are  edu- 
cated ;  fiEicilities  for  bathing ;  mode  of  ventilation ;  in  short, 
all  the  information  necessary  to  give  the  public  a  full  and  com- 
plete account  of  the  condition  of  the  poor  throughout  the 
entire  State. 

Were  such  a  full  and  accurate  report  required  to  be  made 
every  year,  we  are  of  opinion  that  there  would  be  a  very  great 
improvement  made  in  the  care  and  comfort  of  this  unfortu- 
nate class  of  our  citizens. 


SCHEDULE  G. 

Statement  showing  the  condition  of  the  County  Jailsy  highest 
number  of  Prisoners  at  one  time,  etc. ;  also,  estimated  value 
of  buildings. 

Alcona — No  statement. 

Allegan — Brick  building,  40x40  feet,  two  stories,  used  for 
residence  of  sheriff,  and  jail;  rooms  neat;  four  cells  8x1!! 
feet ;  no  provision  for  separation  of  sexes,  except  when  con- 
fined in  cells ;  no  bathing  facilities ;  no  secular  or  religious 
instruction  given;  no  employment  furnished;  no  reading 
matter;  prisoners  allowed  free  communication  with  each 
other ;  privy  in  bad  condition ;  highest  number  of  inmates  at 
one  time,  13 ;  estimated  value,  $10,000. 

Alpena — Frame  building,  two  stories,  used  as  dwelling  and 
jail ;  eight  cells,  five  of  them  5x8  feet ;  three  of  them  15  feet 
square ;  sexes  kept  separate ;  no  bathing  facilities ;  no  instruc- 
tion; Bibles  furnished;  no  employment;  prisoners  allowed 
firee  communication  with  each  other;  highest  number  of 
inmates  at  one  time,  8 ;  estimated  value,  15,000. 

Antrim — Frame  building,  occupied  for  court-house,  dwelling 
and  jail ;  three  cells,  eight  feet  square ;  no  bathing  facilities ; 
no  instruction ;  sexes  separated  by  cells  only ;  no  employ- 


EBFOBMATOBY   INSTITUTIONS.  126 

ment;  prisoners  not  allowed  free  communication  with  each 
other;  highest  number  of  inmates,  1 ;  estimated  valne,  17,000. 

Barry — Brick  building,  two  stories,  with  frame  addition, 
used  for  dwelling  and  jail;  in  good  condition;  warmed  by 
furnace ;  six  cells,  five  8x9  feet  and  one  9x12  feet.  Also,  one 
cell  in  basement  for  drunkards ;  sexes  separated  by  cells  only ; 
no  instruction ;  papers  and  periodicals  furnished ;  no  bathing 
facilities;  no  employment;  communication  free;  highest 
number  of  inmates,  5 ;  estimated  value,  $5,000. 

Bay — Frame  building,  one  story,  with  dwelling-house  at- 
tached; eleven  cells;  ten  5x7  feet  and  one  8x12  feet;  sexes 
kept  separate ;  free  communication  in  the  daytime ;  religious 
instruction  is  given  by  city  missionary,  and  reading  matter  fur- 
nished; no  employment;  no  bathing  facilities;  highest  num- 
ber of  inmates,  21 ;  estimated  value,  $4,000, 

Berrien — New  brick  jail  and  residence ;  2  tier  of  cells ;  15 
of  iron  and  stone  below,  and  8  of  iron  and  wood  above ;  sexes 
separated ;  good  bathing  facilities ;  reading  matter  furnished, 
but  no  instruction  given  ;  free  communication  in  day  time, 
except  in  special  cases ;  no  employment ;  highest  number  of 
inmates,  13 ;  estimated  value,  $30,000. 

Benzie — No  statement. 

Branch — No  jail  except  a  temporary  "  lock-up;"  prisoners 
confined  in  St.  Joseph  county  jail ;  the  temporary  building  is 
not  fit  for  the  purpose  of  a  jail,  and  has  been  condemned  by 
the  Circuit  Court. 

Calhoun — Brick  building,  2  stories;  second  story  used  for 
jail ;  6  cells  8x10  feet ;  separate  room  for  women,  but  the  sexes 
x3an  converse  with  each  other ;  no  bathing  arrangements ;  no 
instruction ;  newspapers  furnished ;  no  employment ;  free  com- 
munication allowed ;  highest  number  of  inmates,  17 ;  estimated 
value,  $8,000. 

Cass — Brick  building,  30x40  feet,  two  stories;  six  cells — 
four  for  men  and  two  for  women,  each  9  feet  square ;  no  bath- 
ing facilities;  no  instruction;  reading  matter  furnished  by 


126  BBPORT  OK  PENAL  AKD 

sheriff;  do  employment;  free  communication  allowed;  cella 
are  lined  with  plank,  and  are  badly  infested  with  bed-bngs ; 
highest  number  of  inmates,  7;  estimated  value,  t2,500. 

Charlevoix — ^Has  no  jail ;  prisoners  are  kept  in  the  jail  of 
Antrim  county. 

Cheboygan — Frame  building ;  two  cells,  10  feet  square ;  sexes 
not  separated;  no  facilities  for  bathing;  no  instruction;  no 
employment ;  free  communication  allowed ;  highest  number  of 
inmates,  2 ;  estimated  value,  $1,000. 

Chippewa — No  statement. 

Clinton — New  building,  20x25  fe<?t,  boilt  for  a  jail  by  pri- 
vate party,  and  leased  to  the  county ;  five  cells,  5x7  feet ;  good 
ventilation ;  sexes  not  separated ;  no  bathing  fiEU^ilities ;  no  in- 
struction; no  employment;  free  communication  allowed; 
highest  number  of  inmates,  7 ;  value  or  amount  of  rent  not 
stated. 

Delta — No  statement. 

EeUon — Has  no  jail ;  prisoners  are  kept  in  the  jail  of  Jack- 
son county. 

Emmet — No  statement.  * 

Genesee — Building  two  stories ;  exterior  walls  of  brick ;  the 
entire  interior  of  iron,  new  and  in  good  condition,  strong  and 
secure;  sixteen  cells,  5x8  feet;  sexes  separated;  no  bathing 
arrangements;  no  instruction;  books  and  papers  furnished; 
no  employment ;  free  communication  allowed ;  highest  num- 
ber of  inmates,  20 ;  estimated  value,  $30,000. 

Orand  Traverse — ^Wood  building,  one  story,  with  two  cells, 
10x16  feet ;  no  bathing  facilities;  no  instruction ;  no  employ- 
ment ;  highest  number  of  inmates,  1 ;  estimated  value,  $1,200. 

Oratiot — Has  no  jail ;  prisoners  are  kept  in  the  jail  of  Clin- 
ton county. 

Hillsdale — Stone  building,  35x55  feet;  two  stories;  six  cells, 
4x8  feet,  and  only  6^  feet  high  in  lower  story;  separate  room 
for  females  in  second  story,  16  feet  square;  no  bathing  facili- 
ties, no  instruction,  and  no  employment;  ]*eadiDg  matter  fur- 


BEPORHATOBY  IK8TITDTI0NS.  127 

nidied  by  the  sheriff;  free  communication  allowed;  the  cells 
in  this  jail  arc  damp  and  unhealthy ;  privy  in  bad  condition ; 
building  is  old  and  unsuitable  for  the  purpose  used ;  highest 
number  of  inmates,  12;  estimated  ralue  not  stated. 

Houghton — ^No  statement 

Huron — Frame  building,  two  stories,  about  30  feet  square, 
with  wing ;  used  for  dwelling  and  jail ;  three  cells,  8  feet  square ; 
sexes  not  separated  only  by  cells;  no  bathing  &cilities;  no  in- 
struction; no  employment;  free  communication  in  general; 
highest  number  of  inmates,  2 ;  estimated  value,  $1,000. 

Ingham — Xo  statement. 

Ionia — Wood  building  18x24  feet,  two  stories;  attached  to 
sheriff's  residence;  in  poor  condition ;  four  cells,  9x12  feet; 
sexes  separated  only  by  cells;  no  bathing  facilities;  no  in- 
struction; no  employment;  free  communication;  value  not 
stated;  highest  number  of  inmates,  11. 

Iosco — Stone  basement  of  the  court-house  is  used  for  jail ; 
one  room  for  men,  14x20  feet;  one  for  women  14  feet  square; 
three  cells,  7x11  feet;  no  facilities  for  bathing;  no  instruction ; 
no  employment;  and  generally  free  communication  is  allowed ; 
highest  number  of  inmates,  4;  estimated  value,  $2,000. 

Isabella — Has  no  jail ;  prisoners  are  confined  in  the  jail  of 
Midland  county. 

Jackson — Brick  building;  fourteen  cells  for  men  and  three 
for  women,  5x7^  feet;  sexes  kept  separate;  no  instruction 
given;  no  bathing  arrangements;  no  stated  employment;  men 
work  some  in  the  garden  and  bam,  and  special  leave  is  given 
to  work  out  with  ball  and  chain;  women  sew  some;  free  com- 
munication allowed ;  water-closets  very  offensive ;  sick  persons 
are  cared  for  in  cells,  which  have  no  light  or  ventilation  except 
through  grated  doors  from  illy  lighted  and  illy  ventilated 
corridors;  highest  number  of  inmates,  64;  value  not  stated. 

Kalamazoo — Brick  building  40x100  feet;  used  for  dwelling 
and  jail;  kept  naat  and  tidy;  twenty-eight  cells,  5x7  feet,  8 
feet  high ;  three  large  cells ;  sexes  kept  separate ;  no  bathing 


128  BEPOBT  OK   PEHAL  AKD 

fietcilities;  uo  instruction  given;  no  employment;  a  Bible  U 
famished  each  prisoner^  and  papers  sent  in  by  benevolent  per- 
sons; free  communication  fwi  allowed;  highest  number  of 
inmates^  28;  estimated  value  of  building,  $40^75. 

Kent — Wood  building,  2  stories;  used  for  dwelling  and  jail; 
dwelling  comfortable;  jail  old  and  in  bad  condition;  9  cells  in 
lower  story,  5x6  feet,  9  feet  high;  6  cells  in  upper  story,  6x8 
feet,  7  feet  high;  sexes  separated;  no  bathing  arrangements: 
no  instruction ;  no  employment;  prisoners  allowed  free  com- 
munication, two  of  whom  are  boys ;  highest  number  of  in- 
mates, 22 ;  estimated  value,  $1,500. 

Ketoeenatv — No  statement. 

Lapeer — No  statement. 

Leelanaw — ^Wood  building,  16x22  feet;  1  large  common 
room;  2  cells,  7^x6  feet;  no  bathing  facilities;  no  instruction 
given ;  no  employment ;  highest  number  of  inmates,  2 ;  esti- 
mated value,  1500. 

Lenawee — Old  brick  building  in  bad  condition;  fourteen 
cells,  8  feet  square,  with  four  berths  in  each  cell;  sexes  sepa- 
rated; no  bathing  facilities;  no  instruction ;  no  employment; 
no  reading  matter  furnished;  free  communication  allowed  in 
the  daytime;  highest  number  of  inmates,  18;  estimated  value. 
♦5,000. 

Livingston — Jail  and  residence  of  the  sheriff  on  the  lower 
floor  of  the  court-house;  eight  cells;  two  of  them  14  feet 
square;  five  of  them  5x10  feet,  and  one  is  8x30  feet;  only 
common  facilities  for  bathing;  Bibles  ftimished,  but  no  in- 
struction given;  prisoners  not  allowed  free  communication 
with  each  other;  highest  number  of  inmates,  5;  estimated 
value,  $10,000. 

Mackinac — No  statement 

Macatnb — Stone  building  for  jail,  one  story,  attached  to  « 
two*story  brick  building,  used  as  a  dwelling  by  sheriff;  six 
cells,  four  of  them  8x12  feet;  two  12  feet  square;  women  kept 
in  a  large  cell;  jail  very  much  out  of  repair;  walls  damp; 


^EFOBMATORT  INSTITtmONS,  129 

Ho  batliing  facilities;  no  instruction;  newspapers  famished 
for  reading ;  no  employment ;  free  commnnication  allowed  in 
the  daytime ;  highest  number  of  inmates,  8 ;  estimated  value, 
16,000. 

Manistee — No  statement. 

Maniiou — No  statement. 

Marquette — No  statement 

Mason — No  statement. 

Mecosta — ^Frame  building,  two  stories,  with  four  cells,  6x8 
feet ;  sexes  separated ;  no  bathing  facilities ;  Bibles  furnished, 
and  Ministers  of  the  Oospel  call  frequently ;  no  employment ; 
free  communication  allowed  ;  highest  number  of  inmates,  7 ; 
estimated  value,  $3,500. 

Menominee — No  statement 

Midland — No  statement 

Monroe — No  statement 

Montcalm — Has  no  jail. 

Muskegon — Wood  building,  two  stories  with  wing;  3  cells  in 
lower  story  for  men,  4x7  feet,  and  one  above  for  women,  12x16^ 
feet;  sexes  separated;  no  facilities  for  bathing;  no  reading^ 
furnished;  no  instruction  given;  no  employment ;  free  com- 
munication;  building  is  rented  by  the  county,  belongs  to 
village  of  Muskegon;  highest  number  of  inmates,  16. 

Newaygo — Building  of  timber,  covered  with  plank;  size, 
20x24  feet;  14  years  old,  damp  and  rotten,  and  in  a  bad  con- 
dition ;  two  cells,  12  feet  square ;  sexes  separated  only  by  cells  r 
no  bathing  facilities ;  no  instruction  given ;  no  reading  matter., 
and  no  employment;  free  communication  allowed;  highest 
number  of  inmates,  3 ;  estimated  value,  $500. 

Oakland — Small  brick  building,  two  stories;  old,  inconve- 
nient, and  unfit  for  a  jail ;  8  cells,  only  1  of  them  for  women ; 
no  separation  of  sexes,  if  more  than  one  female  is  in  jail  at  the 
same  time ;  no  facilities  for  bathing ;  no  instruction  given ; 
books  and  papers  are  furnished  by  sheriff;  free  communication 
allowed ;  two,  and  sometimes  three  prisoners,  confined  in  the 
17 


130  BEPOBT  OK  PEKAL  AKD 

same  cell ;  arrangements  in  regard  to  water-closets  bad ;  hi^est 
number  of  inmates,  15 ;  Talue  not  stated. 

Oceana — Building  two  stories;  lower  one  used  for  jail; 
upper  one  for  court-room ;  fire  cells  about  8x12  feet ;  sexes  not 
separated^  only  by  being  confined  in  different  cells,  or  bj  tiic 
hall  between  them;  no  bathing  arrangements;  no  instruc- 
tion given ;  some  books  furnished  by  individuals ;  no  employ- 
ment; free  communication  generally  allowed;  highest  number 
of  inmates,  3 ;  estimated  value,  $3,500. 

Ontonagon — Good  log  building,  30x40  feet;  well  ventilated; 
four  cells,  8  feet  square;  sexes  separated  by  being  kept  in 
different  cells,  but  prisoners  can  communicate  freely  with  each 
other ;  no  bathing  facilities ;  no  instruction ;  no  reading  mat- 
ter;  no  employment ;  number  inmates  during  the  year,  none; 
estimated  value,  $500. 

Osceola — No  statement. 

Ottawa — Small  wood  building,  1^  stories ;  upper  part  resi- 
dence of  sheriff;  lower  part  used  for  jail;  2  cells,  7x9  feet; 
sexes  kept  separate ;  women  kept  in  a  room  in  the  upper  story; 
no  bathing  flEkcilities ;  no  instruction  given ;  no  reading  matter, 
and  no  employment ;  free  communication  allowed.  This  jail 
is  in  a  filthy  condition,  and  is  totaUy  unfit  for  the  purposes  of 
a  jail,  and  is  of  no  value ;  highest  number  of  inmates,  6. 

Saginaw — New  brick  building,  two  stories ;  twenty-five  cells ; 
two  of  them  7x8  feet,  and  the  others  6x7  feet,  constructed  of 
iron ;  heated  by  furnace ;  good  ventilation  in  the  passages,  but 
none  in  the  cells ;  one  cell  for  females ;  when  fully  completed 
there  will  be  good  facilities  for  washing  and  bathing;  religions 
iustruction  is  given  by  members  of  Young  Men's  Christian 
Association  once  or  twice  a  week ;  books  and  papers  are  fur- 
nished by  them  or  by  the  sheriff;  no  employment;  prisoners 
generally  allowed  free  communication  with  each  other ;  provi- 
sion for  separation  of  sexes  not  very  good ;  highest  number  of 
inmates,  23 ;  estimated  value,  132,000. 

Sanilac — Lower  part  of  court-house  used   for  jail ;   wood 


