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To 

REVEREND J. LONG. 


Sir, 

Ere my presenting this little volume to the public, 
it needs inscribing to one, who has devoted his whole time to 
intellectual and moral pursuits. Nothing is more degrading to 
a disinterested and well-intentioned writer, than to wheedle 
some titled Aristocrat and plunge into the level with his vassels. 
But my intention is far above this vile turn. I flatter myself 
in paying my respects to you for no other consideration than 
your being a promoter of the vernacular language and exert- 
ing the pith of your energies for its improvement. 

Few as our writers are, and unfortunately their works being 
limited to translation, few have until now volunteered into the 
path of real improvement. In fact, the Bengallee language, is 
still in its cradle. The more than h^lf century’s cultivation, 
of the easiest language in the world, has chiefly sowed the seed 
of translation, excepting some dramatic works of little’merit. 

This History of India, is the first original work of the kind, 
and 1 feel myself contented in filling a desideratum. It is 
written “with a free and unprejudiced pen.” The wild 
notions of men like. Mill, Ward and M arshin an, their misinter- 
pretation of the Hindoo character, manners, &c. have been 
s t re i m ous 1 y imj >ugne d. 

The Hindoo period, presents the history from the creation, 
according to the Pur anas, down to the reigns of Magadlia 
dynasty. 1 spared neither time, nor trouble, to delineate the 
annals of the Solar and Lunar races of Kings. A summary of 
the Hindoo religion, with a succinct outline of different reli- 
gious sects, of science, literature, arts, commerce, &c., is also 
attached. The Mahomcdan period includes, the invasion of 
India by that nation, down to the reign of Shall Alum the Se- 
cond. The work concludes with the settlement of Europeans 
in India, the conquest of Carnatic and the battle of Plassy, be- 
ing the origin of the British Government. 

Be it remembered, that the Indian history, is divided into 
different Eras, instituted by different Kings, of which the 
Bengallee era is most used. It agrees pretty nearly with the 
Mahomedan era of the Hegira. I have with much labor, given 



the exact period of every occurrence, . by means of calculation, 
with the Bengallee era, agreeably with the era of Christ. The 
Anti-Christian era is agreed with the era of the Calee Yoog. 
Thus far, the Chronological order, is all through preserved. A 
little indulgence must be granted to me for the inaccuracies of 
particular chapters and heads, the misarrangement of a note 
or two and other defects, which might easily be understood 
by writers in general, to "arise from the evil system of the 
native press. My History of India, would have been thrice as 
bulky had it been composed as ordinary Bengallee books are. 
To lessen the expense and make it cheaper it was composed in 
small types and in one lead. The following is the list of works, 
English and Vernacular, from which this History of India 
is principally compiled. 

Professor Wilsons edition of Mills India, Col. Dows 
Hindoostan, Ward on the Hindoos, Gleig's India, Elphinstone’s 
ditto, Marshmans ditto, Murray's British India, Stewart's 
Bengal, Asiatic Researches, partly, Macaulay's Critical and 
Historical essay on Lord Clive, Encyclopedia. Britarmica, the 
Ravutyaud, the M \fnno fimighita, Surbartha 

Fooniachuv dva, liibidfrni.tt £s**ny}\ifri. t &c., &<*, &t\ 

I intend, to continue the history to the present time and 
have written and reserved r.»ii « meountw for that purpose. 

Now it is my province', to request the public generally, and 
you particularly, bo support and encourage this my unskilful 
undertaking. 


I have the honor to be 
Sir, 

Your most obedient Servant, 

KADER NAUTH DUTT. 


Ilautkholah, April, 18G0. 




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+ ^Asapropf of the uncertainty of Hindoo chronology it may he suffici. 
ent to state, that the commencement of the (Jalee Y oog, upon which 
all ancient Hindoo history must depend, is calculated, hy the Brahmins 
at 3100 years b. c. ; by the Jinus, 1078 years ; hy Sir. Wil ford 1370 ; 
by Sir William Jones *1305 \ and by Mr. Bently, only 57 b. c., 1 ’ — Sto- 
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< 5 # **lt*t«l ftf *tw, W ^ 

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Et§#C<JS % ^f? ^ M3«l af’PW *31 TT^H 

^f*t% t&»k? w ajfts 5 *! ^Jtwtsr *rft*f«i h^. 
fsitCTwrhr 'H’R f^w, w^Wim «*tw 

•tie* «Utf5S5 af^gs 'STtl^S «tfVS, *r«fa TtTtfWC** 

*K* 1 fil* ’Sf^^arc^ ftp3* *fS$, «HKt3»fcfeaF 

wtffira *rtn *tt, ^fror sttfsi H**|tec*t ^st* f?«j i 

*rtfrt«f$ ftwiRl fspr ?n, wtH-ort«si ^rsirr toh* *t*i 
^ji*irt%^ 3551*1 w$s wj ntsfa^ts ^ferl 
ttal w1*R Ht**i 0 *tfta *5$ *pf?T5 I ^*t} WlJ, HlWftHfi* 
’srarettr ^tsl ^?f f*m wtfsra Hi. «$»«* ntH? 

TteW ^ *$ *W*TtCH T^J ^1 gfa HtW « 
«wch t?^«f ^*r I sssr caw, c*ttc*t w ai fa^nrehr 'H'TO 
fSfirs vrtTtal 'st^r^ *w«Fto, fc*tt*Ri xfn*, 

carter «rK*r ^f 5 ?^ xkt^ nrtwiftorffiil ^ fan* c^pft wtr 
Hftrfat? apfaults ^irs^Ji *rm ftfVt >a^t? m if® 
■55^? *rts ^fircs i ^tfoapl 

*ct^T> sjWI **wj wif®* hchj ^wrtf*^ ^awta ajta-srR 

tftSfrn® SSltCS, fW®«l *ttci *ltfc*W <5R«Jt<WtS 

*rt*ni-^ff$3 'sra’31 ^tfsrrs *hr \ *rst?^a safa* 
HrtwfiiW^-s Hffi <h*to wtfs* >p*r far^w*t 

**fa ^fairttfR i fofa c*rm w, m «»f* 
^N*l ^ tf’wW wtfe? >fi^t«.*tf% i ctf^? 

a®cap ^r^ns *rf 1 ^c? <a^» ?.tc^ *if?f 8 t®l 

irarj ub^ *pfgj^ «rcc^ ^1 ^finii l ^ ewacap ^t^tal 

c^«ttsr ac^ I tfafsitRal ( <st?pp , f t ) ft*t? "t^ 

<w¥"rj « afhw *?Wj «Hw, *ra« c^'^wj w^ii 

apcafirl \ *r«. aptc^r «f % ««it^ apc*f « *iT«tc^ ’ff't-WV 

*j*prt *pc?t, ^»*> ^teff ^fr$r c'oW^fiml *rtt*, 

f 3 ?! ^ (fiRt? Xk.lv xk#l 'Sl^^R *FC? Hi 1 

t^ta Hjfiw i 



«rta1 f%f?f 3 TO «r ww &U **■*& 
arH <a^ ^srl &*|fasr ^ffintCTT. wwsrWi vfirtWf 
wfatw *rtf «rtt<r) ^■sr^tu wnsJt^l ^tsaFt*rsFFr 
\ wtc*?l tfar^fa <a^ wjjtsj 

wrtfg? atitfl f¥«r stetfwctfa q^« ^jf 
^f*nrf* «*fis vtfos sot* ^*i?r ^ I ^+5 ^ ; 

irfa«( <sf+jt ®tf% *wtP arerhret* ^ ^ir srfo swtw 

^t?t?rt f*2*r*r* ^i'si fw w, *it?, aFtw ^tW'ST^strc 1 ®r*n& 
wtfss wtfir *i*n> ^jrsrfa^tjr *r*r fa ? <5* ^tc«r sst^tii 
c*t* w< w^srft f^r ? w*t<rv ^ j ■R^rcnri \5**tr«r ^ ^ *r- 

*rft fa^t 


•^0|^(€*** 

f^rftsr *wrt* i 

cirtw, «fa cw*torfwm fa *r*t? fa«r *7? <5fa1 fa wrafa c*itf*w 

w*-arfa ^ wfajfaw' wtaiW* «rtf 'srtfw— ; fa att-wfa* 
caw <aa wtar a - * snpfa wtfa f^tro fsrtfw? wlTWftw»r ’wttw-afa 
v^t c’fatfawfwcw? ^nfai fwar. c*w*r wlfarsl faat?*it«f <£twfai 
c*tV$fara »r€ staff afa?t7:ww-*fa fwwrn vnrw* ww«afa 

finsia — fwwj *fa faatw atfc wtcacw? ws~ ®t% wtcyw spa. «r*f1 'a 
3 n*t? Fjw'^ftfw? Sf$a ’Wsf fagwf wcsw-~w*wtfw cwwtfw? faw*i 
•s’tf *w? fair fair *jxir 4- «ntf fair faw ww~ at»- 
c«t<rf fa sratW anajwf w?re ww 4 wtirffpw-caiw? %*.nfa-**- 
affa wfal atwl 1 *r*iT?f wtai faafa * 

* 

«fa, -sK 3 *i^»r, <»sfa vtfe* «rtfa afat’T 

wtfcrc* *ftfm cw tsWal ^r^[ fa^fwt^?r ^rhsr ^rp«s v$t*- 
wrVt ^9 1 cww cw% vfjri, ^tej- 

ffj’t? ^ wfaiTfsr i 3 fc*t 
vawsr^t?t ’tf^s ^ ^^3 ar^rtifk® ^¥fc^ i cat^lil^wj 


( ^ ) 


* Robertson’s America. 



>• wWfcr ^f^Cto I 

* 

fr*ttffoF i*m! ^rfspQ 'srhw^fa^ff ft»r, ?fw« <a «(4 *«*[< 
c*rtf*$ ** ®ctt* wf*r 5ftaFt*t fwifii *newni *t*r- 
t2npcwf?h:^ «nr wfij »fs?t «r^?j *flprftrt¥ ^*rs 
jfSP^ *finrtff writ i 

^pt*rtE*»? *fws ?Ftsrfr* tHr "spfjIfa'G 5^ *$ 

$«rtfn ^rtc*t**tf &*.$ fc ^f?5lt? \ c*rt%sr?i 

«k^? situ Mu «r*hi ^srftsrtrai sFfg 5 ®, ^t«i c*f 

H Hz'* *jwter* ^ t^irtci: 1 artwai §w *i<rt- 
4t^p sW Wfgtof wif ff»r, fa*$ w a?c*r 
aft-feit* Hr &xt*r vjrv 'st^Tfsnr* *rfi^tF?c«iir farm* 

$;? ^c? 'sfi^f c?n w** fanr*t ^tar* 

tfws Gtz^ik-H *tsi *i4( a c* 1 *t?rs vfa apw *vj ' **$ 'sit- 

WSH Hi*, *3t?«. Wtf53I wlfif H 3FC*f 3FCTR 

srfa 1 ctojw Ifac** fsflFcfr «t<*fai 1 ^ra- 
f«Ts ftaj ”s# jfrsxw, or $?tf« ^'tffa'tr'i Q ^l^t- 

f?ttfa wtfif 'spJ’Sfa *5R3J f^ar, *(t3 ^c*i '5t?t- 

fwm H * wrtfra t fr^rr* *rtfir ^s 5 *t<r3 

^tr^rf^l ^f?"s *2i *f^n? ^rta? *i$, *ni$ f^’stw ^i- 
tEfa fafsp* -Sit^^CST^T H f<K$HSft*t ^tf*^ ^tfs®r I 
*nnf*t c?fR*R? *u% &z%% 'srtfw fa^ts ^k* ( ^la«i 
*ftt3 ^Ffi® W c*frgfw* *1I<R| 

Tstzdi £j?Ft*r ^Trtf5»r % ? <st* a'tara’tf ^V 

^rfet5p *fc4?f «wr ^esi ;t ai^rtr ^rftr 

’stftwi vz^tX ^Jt^n 

Hn, f^i f?^, H Hz* t% «vtn f s f ^ e*f|^ftw 
frjfrfii® **i m. ^t^?1 wtfw 


• ca? ctet ’r?^'® 'sW? ’arffw ar^, ^ , ®t?«W«i ^fs ; ^t? «W 
pr^, jet? ^’Jt'^i, 'srati aR «^rsr fst^rar. 

^twtf«r®. c»[ ipn snr i 

t “ The Hindu religion presents a more natural course. It rose from 
tie worship of the powers of nature to theism, and then declined into 
scepticism with the learned, aud man worship with the vulgar.*'— -^Bl- 
phinstone’s India. 



'Q -to?Jfa aft^ *^I arffCW RWfa ?t I 

a* ^ttw aRJ ^ifsul Vtftfifrtl a*T a^-fNa ?FfiHrtW, 
ft*gi\ fa fafrrs *®rhsr a<r ’sasn <;*ft*R »1 ^firal artcst. ws$ 
<pf??r 4 faaa fa sKPfta faatvrl **1 attra *itta ? caata 3 to 
**$, al cWl?tf*l^ C*tfafa* |«H«1 WJJ «Ft5T *)tfa *f1~ 
iawra facasat? ^*ra fa®* *t®i 1 

*r, a?. carw casaa -sraftf?, ^jsr*, 

**\ fa*£ *$$t zw. 1 *frM 'Q ca?tto cat tatm wr. 
-rfa* 'S W5l* 'sjfa «!t*&aj$t« , r afas <sitCR ; fa c*t?ta, % 
attca®r, catfa vsttf t-siraa fwtf^ <a?5*t ^f&sr*r af<® *a 
=»tt 1 ^fk* fa *faa fchtesa wfftr ca m 
<5tocw*Pta «rtarc®sl f«®t^ns «rc*toi ^sataj Rtatnw 1 
fai cat? «sre% cnV 

irtf^i^p cwcaa ■attatcgta wIcr. v*$*z*h wtars cwffw aff- 
atii ^«ttf5re ^tattRa 1 w$s <®f $ *to ^ at® 

scarfataal, 1 aw RtwfaaF c^aa ^*rr*r^1 farrow anrflfs at? 
atti.^ca c?eta 5 ft 5 ? cacaMfaal '2^f*h states ?~$atc < i I 
‘gat'itfw -strp aitfa® 3toa aaf*f a<a RtattR fafa aai* 
asjtataj ^tairo, ffi cRtsr ^tc e ia ^rtfirrs 3tol fajswfoHRl 
^c?K ^tcR 1 3to. 3pri» T<f, to. ca*fa sir®? att, 

«tolpml t^ta ®tat«f ^fart^ Hi *ttf?prt c*ifafw a^tfaa &*tt- 
aal *ta l ^r®qa t^fa <2tf® a^ aftpfahf gaff* g®fl, fa^* ^ 
mm rsi at^sc? 1 a^> *^toa ^ac*f- 

ta. cat ♦njppta a«r^ a^a «ra®raa a?fac^5 «nraR 

^sfa 1 %fa * 3 ^ 1 ” af^tal ^w ajaa, aaa fefa ®W*p$ato 
a^j ««rtfin5 RtsV*toR ^caa €t^ta “faa®” aiwl 4** 
a*t* f^fa atc*t <a^ atal ««a5Taa%caa f®f^ 
‘W’ ata «tto?caai ^"riafa^^ * 11 ®!^, iFar’fitoR ^ 
atnar, 9pn <3 faa» ttstw? ta r cla ^aita q^fw ^ 

, artcR 1 'starfa 5t| «i+i ^ 

fifatc? ca ^t<c*a ac’<j wt'S atc^caa ^fta^sr 'st^rtfins 
ft^rtraa tfeRtca ca ?s*t ^ fa<a ^tatcR fiwil- 

^ arrttir *2fta cata $z% ^tasl am ife cat^a aj 1 



?%*, ss«n wfir *t?l 
at*?* stat*f &?* aft? fast? ?f<s ^ft?, c* fag? wz* 
ca^ffsr^*f|^ cat? ^ »i 1 *ir6 **! frrcte c^ *fat*itf»cs 
stiffs** Cft?t*tt?*l ttfwfafe ^ft? ^n C?t? <?fa *fat«i grste 
>2{t? ^?trta *rtfars c?rj5t 3P5S^l»Rt i 
^twtnt^sd c^stftgsfsftsfa $®r ?*r \ 'Sfatfattfit gwifa 
^ ?$*r sc? ^t?l f? asjfstftra c^fcr? *ft*i?r fafa 
faslt*** ? 

srtf^«i finrfanw ®r»j, sst?t?i c*f|*frw *ft*fa fir^tsr ?tt? 
TfaJ ?^?1 far^re 1 sfatsft g??f»ff VK\ <wf«W faw, CT 
?V?J?I faraWs *f?gi?i?r ^*rfaRl ^facs g^tr? 
fenifa ?fsrcg wa? s^r w' sts*fa ?ai 3 :*^ 

<sfa+?1 =rt1w$t?r 'Sft^ftcg wfosrfar? ?^r 'Wf ^?t- 

^?tfs t*rc 1 ’rrttwtft ?$$?* *r<p^% arhr^ *& ?#*tt3p53 
fa? .aqfa 1 wfagl s?hr *rs 

afa«i ?fa«rfa 1 « 

anrtfan tft grfgte ?*ton fag^glw^afigarttg srlfrofai 
■a* afwttwj st^Tn. sifars ?src?t«tgrti aigfogttwft 1 fa^ ?fa- 
fairs «r9*ttsrW’tt'5 , 55 atr^r»d h arwrotfa ntfapfp»l?gfa to* 

«t<Ft?resrl8 stfffSifats ■sj w y fto ci g *rjc«f <5t«*w' >*«. 

c£gMfafgrarrc*m*k?sn:?5i ^1 attwfwart <®wtfa 

vnwn \ 

“gfa'S fa* fas f fa*«i fa* *m ??*np gsfagl fa* fa* "ttsg 
fafagft?* s*+¥ ^tartyst* fag^at? vwvr gsfaTrl ^ * 1 $ 
*r?t**t3 ’rsrsnfgt* ? ? ttc^af '3fa*ft?r gf&rai st*- 
nfi ?fa?l tVnrtc^^ 1 itcW *t*1 *r«Nfat ?t?t nfg'itp? 
c^t vd<f arfar ’tacsi^caco ^t*r ^fgsriwsi «tctw ^W- 

cwn ftfw f?wf»f^l awl' *rftrlnf 1 €trta1 

srfairtf^r^ *r^i anvcsr srta fiRnmst 
^^atv tr^tc< ^twhf ^irt 

«i>il^» «i c*Fi*rtn pratg*i ^if^-aftc? <*Wa *& 

cfw c«it^1 ’st? ^1 *rtflra1 ^rt^ttf 

eg? fafff ?^c*re st?i -st^ta? fgigpgl ?1gal s^i- 



i so 

wc* wit*r <a?«i m «?* *rw ^^Thft ^i srw sn$ 

<2f^t*t vflp^ 4ft*F f^"5 ?W?* f^f^^-jrtas s r 

'st^ artm?? -art* *f4t? ^rfnEt «r ?f?s wtrt^ars^l 
?% fafur <?£?? art? *%tre? 'wiifn fcfa <«* 
*r^«rf^?rai *incr*3r arta < 2 »w*fa *f??ttsar t • f®f? c*r 
ajvsr c??c* s% ?t?r $csr*r *f5*tcs? ^trt?1 5f v ^* art? ('srtfte 
W*;? *t?t4 cjrsanw:? ?f<$ ?Htre+) 4 ?^ fsf* *4*1 
faarfar strain W c?<f?c??[ #hatr"N fault? spflrrS? atf \ 
'Sfsm wtni ftafl car $4 £j$fw?C*J f*4t? *CJ> SE54 

fipjflfl ^ ***r ?t*r|arj c?* t4*rT* *tCf? w^arf? *f?nrt 
4tc* 1 *nrs arts* -gtwi^l “'sr*??” art* €t?tfwc?a >n^ 
faw^f? 4f?nrff^c*r;i t ?tc?c*? at* *?Wfr *rftt ?64* 
<e+*t4 ?*i4*t? ?t?tcs; *1431 a??*i 

*fs?rt4 l 3*r§ 4t*f? *4, rat? \ cat'a^HT-wf? ^ s^f'4, 
r$*T* ?f<3 **H 3pWl ?tt? ^ Ktitcw; 1 i^>- 

3 t4?r $T«.44 j ? s&?*** ; \£t?t3 ar^c^ farff** ; *4t* 
4»rat3 ffef ; it?ii ; *4t* f$f* ar^nf^- 
4tar, >44* \Z*g fafa s<§r:4? *rt3«i ^f^ttW?. *4t< f«f3r *?1- 
art»I f*?)t*3 ; f?3ftr VZ3 hfa ?9 4t?1 ?f?nrtC?? *4t«. 
€t?1<r ***1? *fv$[ *ttf; <3T?t3 ?ap» *4t*. fsf* 

*?« ; $t?ta ^4 arfo *4n fxsfar 

art4tant4 <sngv5 I 3^1 ^ ar!c?tCt» ^4t«. fisfar 4Jta 
ar?n 1 C4Tftc^5 'JSftiTrcs art?? « 3^? ?t?f$[ajt? <*H!CW W 
5|C^ *i«trt4i*r ?tar1t?: I 

art?? 1 cart?* <a?t5V c? ? 

3^rt l f ?3 i tC? TUfW 4t$p$ (f CT»3) «t#?1 apfst?? 

1%far asr^r cat? ^f?c^ ??s? ?4w? 1 
?t??l rgflfta % ? 

3 ?rl i ^ntfir c?t? 7w*t ; (^4t^ fsnjt^t?) art?t?1 


• Alegory. t Personification. t Angel . 

§ ^.-^sf ^ »tcf? ■«t?-'«rt*r% 

'wtn’TfW 1 t?i ^?c?? ar?j ?tcar9 JT«rr <a? srtar 1 



*8 i 

fcratffa Wk ®t*tffe*ra®J^**- 

ac«i ^rtrrtfa* ®3« f farfa® f®fr ®tsfl wt®tr?r ^ *nrc j 
*twi ®f*te® ^t*ra1 c®t* ®§ft ®f*n ? 

arwt i wf*r c^trlu *rt®t5 *j^|c® *1 *?, 

'<szi *rs*rfa *w, « ®t®t? +mi%, «rcire c*iw afal- 

f»n?t '5fht *tfSr*rta, <hsk f®fr »r*m i 

srtwJ ♦ftmsc* f® ftf 3 ^ ts’ft *rtff®f*f*t^ wrta 
*&* ? 

•?ps5i i <$% ftuvftv frtliire, v$ «Wf%® ®f%®tir »ri *r«ra 
*f®® <f»n ®st *ttc® ♦t-tac Osrf® ^sta ®»i $ $•*1?* tawr 
*%} *t+c?r *i <m*t, &Ws c®s tNI fwt® *t1tn ®i) 
®nn c*rern«. ; tst ait *fNwta fi?f ^w*t ^rfirt f®f* 

'Sjg’tJ I C^Fff^Rt ®% •tf'jTOt* ; 

**1 R^Nts *1*1 f®fr al^s ^its'a trft® «W* ♦rtlirtc^ ; 
•sdK F^rt® «r^*r *1%? f&f w*f *t?itts » woes? 
t*1 ®f<® ^tc^, « to* 'stsjs? ^e® ®te®re** 
*t3Fr*a ®tc® ®t®t?f W 3 ?®^ i ^*ft 

i\zm f®ft srtc»tiTfTx5, <®i«fK ®*ft* prctta, wtt'fi #f«r«V- 
*?>r ®f*e® ®^r 1 ®t^C55 ®ts®nt®3 itfe^tpr ^nWtS 
®*ft ®3 ®tnt«f > 2 t®t*r 'srix? <r jr^ mz^ f®rfV«t?t *« 
3ftt »rserf® ®t^c<g *mt f^<i ^ifncs^ ®si *rfs® i Ft - ^- 
c<?j ntf WH®t*r fafa® ^ ^ m jt^j® *^8® 
®tc® *rtt3, ^f®®t<R ®t®1 sn*, *&** «®fwro Tt^tt® 
W® >ut®*r ®rffa csti ®fsn t >rTtf?a <$£% 

^ ^sn:*! ®* , f=grl «t», ^r®. ®®i» 

«irfa ^iit’fir ®^^tr<?r ^t^ir srt^ 

^1 ante® si ^r®® »r n*s ®e^s ®r?r®, c?tt 

ont®tfw, 'sri ^c’fs sritii «w® fw* *\, ^rfar®^ ®t^f"r 
®prtnt«J nf®® *nx wW®t«T sflfn® «rtf®®, c®^c®®*r® 

*?« n® ^ftTt c®tff ®fa® i ’re®! *& « fnwjtsgR 

^t®, f®^ c®®l Tgi nju wnc^s *2ftg^n ^tstc® ®ts- 


fcts 3Rt*» ^Jtfnr «*n fafa* 3fl*r wtrs 

vniwwft* wtfir *firs t *t*ta fr»f *fm 
«rtf far€H ^tutf^sf « n *f*rfwr «ra* *r*$^c*r 

«B*t*r ♦fit i «3»ffW tfjfc* caH, c * ttaptfs iff « 

t* *tfr fwtn **&*. 

n«t1 — 1 wwt^xnfsps art*** <®«ri i 

art* «. «fffsr?ft *v atw*n art*? ***tF«. n 

“®3it*(T. « ^atrasr ^vwi « art^* « « <sff$- 

&k *t sr^ta at w ®t% sj^c&r ^ap*t *aprl asWft w?r i” 

% <5 , , 

«5fWt ?^i° wfst f^t«tTFsr on$ i 

far^c?^ ^f^’ipfsimT’far^s u 
* « 

“«Ff35C?^ tSfaT! ^*| <8 Tfjsr <<m cif?3l ^Bfl 'Q WUR <3 V*I 

^rVs ^fiRrt-Wcstit stsfs fraro airsrfrfo <sjapt?r 
nxwmi *51*1 r * 

*rsart* FtarfsrsrTtifnrar c*<n> i! 

twpiiff? cikfii 

“^C«fla *f*g a^Pl '3 ft* ctf^ ^1 'Q sPJJir* >3 ^*T 5SfST. *tr«T 

ftfw « afar faf*r® trc -ac^tf « f far atapsr 

*faatfew )” 

«aR^^»nnn^saF^anrtf^«' i 
. «c39tcam*!Tartt ^idwtacroFl it 

“awl trara a% cf^er -an^rl srftf Jjtwitfir ar«faES? 
c^rei 4 $ *v *4 «rtcf *t ^faartcf* i” 

fap «wira *** ^ ^?i fa *w- 

^1 W**J $z4 ? fUSCTifl cftf T* %V& 

win aKfc*W 'srfafap iff »r»f* « ffer, 4ar< vs^tsl ^rj sa 
^c*r*1 fafwrlt^iFsn *fa*t rartft* Ff$#l *wca <st£m 
carfa*^ <8^®^ c5} ^ ! 'Stfttl 

•a^aFtS <!< -STfu ajfif 

fff apfsJVl T «HfT <1C<? ^5lT§: ^ ?FJTl 

¥*ifti*n ^tf t, ani fWft¥ vfijitfipn i 

feff<r® c^ ftwc| <%m ^c<?r car ^ *tf<rart? ^rl ^nrtfir 



'swm wiijs ifitl « catBrntfr 

«rt?l *ca* itfl 11 stwm wi \ f% wfrtr 

StWClSt fi* WSfit^ S< 35?t^ ^rws^ wSnrtfi 1 * ! 

stw«t *fir s*&wj6*i m^wtsf, ■*& 3pjj ^*r, fisfa swtws 
^mjctst ifcww, sswr* wTS 8 ts* wfscws. wsj st<?r 
**fas f* n ? fs?*st wt* csfirrefs i sfws 3tw:*isi c^ts 
«rt|4y •at’rfciT? CTt'sri sc**, ^*rtf*r €t*tsi <»twfc*i m^, 
firr*fM3s f4?j1 faror s<rfs??r ww»t c«i %«*, *ist wt*i' 
c*sw wsj *§t$ cswtfw wests? stfirstrs 1 «tM ^troor, 
wtiresctf' wtcwl gtWM 1 ^ ' 2 f#H *Wff *r cut urest^hi \ 

HWirrfiitF <•? a* swt? 35 * 3 ^ *T*tfsw *** 

*ct»rt ?tss$*i *s«i ^fsut wnr ; iwn fire *rtw 
wi'stra ttl &*,iir ssfinrtftEWs <« Ctrl sMter $*| ss? wfw 
w^t M»Tl *ttf3 3f*$ | 

wsiss wJtar c*W?**f ^*1 firsts wfasl -sretn 

ifwtfiiww \ fin srt*r cs? ?¥s1 wfiratftpR fw si 

« fis? vrlsr w?i $3>* ; oqw s*^ft sism <*$, c*r wiiw fwfsr 
dffif^tst wfijTffiEWSr <5«.MstC*t Mf?3 fifif «1 *C9S 

sssifa %^s sew* i csw slwr -5f*r*f* *$- 

OT3 ^Utf^sr SJ%3l fs?t*T? W’fF <»f« 

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'■aff'S cirt yiKtc^? Ha f 51 ^ 5 

ayar, « f^atf^*rt , ai 'arfnr^e. 

ar^? wzm WSHt « C-nfiTCJl? affe® fsri 3TK ; , 4^ nfat® 3 toH ( 

^iTSl aft^ 'er^tfes ^Ttt^ i“ Wileon’* oonwoent.— Mill’s Iadi* vol I. 

P.*jf*. '■* 



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^.jiii imw» y^ > * i«ii rii i| ). ■..■> ■.». » h i i ■,»>.,.!!. 1 1 j i i , j i 

* “ That Hindooism has never made «a single votary useful, more 




snn situ -%\t? f^j%^ sfo* f<w oiftws'as*! 
^fwit « 1 


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^af a la *tNM*wfawJl-- 

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fws sfssstfa *«fa ^?c«i ft*? s wur i 

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stfas *!srtrf*f^s i Orff'S fa#ai <«3fa** *ifafa®5 *«{% 

*fa*tiw*r, s«tffar ‘*%m’ tSffa syfa w ’rt^brw? ^ t$X>s 

<ttc?r si i *rtf hi^s «it?*r ^5 i^i 

moral, or more happy, than he would have been, if he had never 
known a single dogma of the»sha*tra ” 




s*3 

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?t? «fff«i5R c i vca 1 1 *f?3> fisvjifl vif^fipas ?4? vfirfilcis? 

vM vr?*rr *fa, ’sgrtf^r «tifa vt% vfml *••• **' 

«rtf# Sri firsts r $wgi ?r i vi^aw? aw? aw? 
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?j%cv crfarttfc fv* »mi cvv cat? ***** 

vtcv? »i i 

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q+f* ?t ^tC* ?^?i ^®iJ^ *P*t*l C<35t& ?t 1 

* ’wWs f?*r#5 

w fyy t svR - vtwtwr? *v*t ^ to? vt a n< i 

»* To assist tlie increase of population human life was lengthened to 
the verge of a thousand years.” — Brief survey Hist. 

t Clarke’s « Popular display of the Wonders of Nature.’’—' Watkin’ s 
“ Biographical Dictionary.” 

ftvw vttft? ^*vro €*vf»wr ?tw 

? a ?? SRpft? flfl t C??ifV W *t*f Vf^t 

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■ *— * — m ,,,,. , ... ^y . « — rr* '■ 

% Blair’s “ Lecture”— on the ,‘ Rise an<J progress of Languge.’ 


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* ** Horace says, The poet is bom, a poet, and cannot be made so 
by the ingenuity of art; s^ul this eeema to, be true.’ ’ — -Godwins 

* 'Uhought on Man.’ 



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* •— -- — - — 1 — .> — - 

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" « Trite c*f* f^VWlfo ^wfSfw* first* afrcta 

mm fSwf^r^t^tn -atww m m. *tt*?i m*> 

—Sir Willim Jones. ♦ ; - 

“ The history of Cashmir has been? brought down by a succession 
of Hindoo authors, from the remotest ages to the reign of Akbar, 
and an account of Akbar’s reign is the work of a ltindoo. ,7 --fiorace 
wil#on*« comment, on the 2nd. vo. of MSfs India* 






withal ^ .«d$»,#rl<f 

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c^t^i ^3twnra vfrvl ^tc® ®t^tat Jr^nc 4 ! %% 
5ff3® i ^1 f^rt?r srtfsp®— ■ ®<f3c 3t^l?i 

( ♦ ) 



S8 I 

«r?-?v®r ®rfv vc? I ’it^f^v stsjl 'srixvi 

srft* «rt?i *§?! cnc? c*t? ?? t **r? ?t?f?v <t$j) 
vtf^v ’?tE j r $*rfT? ?$?i c*rfc ^tc*i ^ift* *rttv ; 
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<3t?x5?C«f Tfa«. OMtt^rvl VBFBT W S$W ?fc*tC3 
m\ ^ssffasral 3Rvfc? ^rl, c?*rsr, « *t*m, 

fstfSte srfsrl ^?*ri ?3ftf? <aj^5 vf?TlT3 ftf’tiW? 

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VC^> ^ hc*i)?l f*M? CfPI 



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f5®r; ggtff? vst^t *f**tapn 

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9 



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fail <£i?p c^rst srf’r iits foster, cits ^ 

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*rfa! «t»rf* fafi* « fan faimi <? 3 l ’s^ar 1 

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it*ri i ata ?twt *fcai fa^^tsr Ttm tfl« araa, t%~ 
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c^fa ^f®srt3 ft* s»H mftfii fafaftnsf «*r*n5 ?>- 

fntff wra t #w? <«t <srf<©<stt3 f^*, c?r brarfipfr* <*rsj* 
^Fafn *153 «! sfkcm * 1^31 ^3*17 ^33 *tca» 

f%fa 35TftfWC<tS srff’S <£S3 «^S3 ^r S?1 5$m?1 *t3 

385# 3fftt3 31, *tf35 ^5t3t%*t3 f3tt3 S?%3 C 8 , ^*^31 
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r^wal ^3f%»s ntsi c33st c^i^t^sr *pF t»n3nn 

^3t3 ®Ffa®T, f3^tr*Rl 5jai *taWJt «re« ^W?t 

3^ jffST 31 I <«fwC^ 3ftt3r3rwiaf 3l3t83t^ 

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®t 3 t 3 3 i?l 3 9 ftt 3 l 'sfhi *rrirt^t»t*r 1 

*rr»? 3s.5ft3 43 ? ^3 ^ ^c®s J^3tr® 

nartlw® i *j? «t 5^31 3 <c«f ^3 



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’sw fow, ’WtaF^iff ssfsraft® . gg* 

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fw® «ff^ Tsgtc® ’ftf i ' «rlc^^ 

srtrwa 5pfa*r ’tr^tw ^tt?r?wtar ’fwfaj 

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i$rt«fai tor wp*s fs?mm ^tns— & *fm® 
jfW§- 'sitci?. <st*$-m 5p%^ i ^tOT'wfa? 

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®fg® stjt *tfg>5fc ? ^rja f% f%fa 
fsrsn^rf^ ^5rt3Fsr«t ? 

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^ * 5 t*r s®t?t?r '®r^ fsrcart^ *rhr. 

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i2f^5 Wf^C® -*Ttf«tWSf I ^ CtHfafifESfl 

’tWsr ar^tfpr i f^®r srft 

^hrtai txu* •gc*! <*r^ i 

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4^ f<j<fjt® cWt, fg«m®?rW, 

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48 

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'frvtf§. ; %*ra i <a?H * ***** «*tCT*r 

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apt art** fttt cnatflta* faf *^Hf'***FM ^tU 3 ® ’MtJ 

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,*5tc3r, ftrpnss afta ,f»aH *tt* «hrt*ta 
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asfar®* 1 ^ra^-tal <smt«0 ***♦ ^Wi ^3 cwta ®z*i 
awtta fsrfa*® f?®f » 

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*tm 1%i* *ror an? atra <aa* sra*ft*r ataa i fofsr *ran^ 
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.^ t o^ 5^ 1 <a®t*t c*j #t*rt* *ra*t«iw ®ta®- 

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t awr 

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ca® t faaata #tctt* c^ta atr^ia ^ffaata f«fr»ra ^f' ’J" 



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gtsprre Ttng gfgcwg i 

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® «a^®?n<3 *v; 

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* * aa[*rar*r -ntfir ®tatir 1 

<$ fiwr «t?«i fg^i i * ^ 



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ifssiti i 

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• * is.aT'tfte® Banians. 

t ataats? «tsf?Vi '<?c*ttia t ^rtw fifiti ca, ng*s<itir. 



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H^st«P5 ^cgn Hft - , fvsfn ^sg gg g+wg gsfggff^OTH 1 
carcrfal^KH. eg, fgarHiftfc^Tg <ts g^ neg *hf Htcg^tg 
■fig; ^gtfggtft ^sRgnl ^tvs 'H^nggre ^ f*rf*f c®rr*fH i t 


* Marshman. 

t Dow. — «?. fSrgg nr® fggRrjf^sj ^tggjtf^g|% fsTsrg, «g* 
gt^rigl #i?t? «*i srtmri g*frn ttgtrg ^g^gc^g wst^ gf^gl 
grg^i i f%fjrfgapatf^®r •« , *itf®r<rtgr^g ^-gg ^orc^ic^r ■ettss 

gfre «g ^grlg g{%g|r^g, gfgtrs «tHt*ij g^gfeg, fgaRtfr 1 ®! 
gtggrtfgg Htgg Htrr ffergg «gt fgsRtfgroig ^ frgrs 

wtgtr 5 fg'ffgrgg Hjtg g^s fgf«tg gfglrg 1 fgapgtfwgj 

^ Ht^tegg gggt^g ^Wl grt? gt^g t%r®TH hi gist? <*mt«i eg 
gtgg #^trw ‘ntggrtfggf® gg, ggl fg^tiggr ^ii^g ’hch^ 
’etgsgc^g wtfggf® tgrgg 1 




i 




frap^tfwrsnr <graj t%aparcnn ftasfs *fjrr»rtt*F feWf 
*tal fsr#tc spfkcss i «rt*nr1 <a^ 

*f*ffsnr farew ^fir, ^3 <sfs *rtf^» <2tt5t*r- 

*ffn v3 q^*ftrtii«i 1 

C'STSf ?1W1 I 

cst®? smi asmt^hr 5iit*f ^ .sr^i 1 #f?t?r f*T«i 
f*i^sii «rtn *rm *farvr 1 *ft*K?ra *m 

frapt* f^T w 1 <5 fj^srtff *ft*r ^ 5pfti itsl ff*r» 
Tj^nr fipf** *sm fefsr fw *mc^ 'Q wt- ; 

fkfii «tstc^ ?twi 'stjst^N fwnr f%?r vfirc*ra, \wi^ 
arfiwft *fa*i jXusts wftr 

ftful c^tsrc* sffcta ^sftcar *isr*h ^facsisr 1 

’awsnr ?tm?r *tcar srlw^fsfT ^jTwtu^l 
®tf*rc*R t tf%^c5fi c«ts?, 9it*nr srtw atw *tfw* 
asfirctiTs, \%> f*ra5*1 ^far®r*r cn, * ?t®r¥ ^re^tcer 
atw *nqrr^ ^fgsr, ^tutr? ^3fr*t *1 asfaca 

*i3E? sr| 1 ^«r fa? ^ai arta, fa? a^fta *rvl fcwfar 
ajt i t®itf? <»tf?irt start 5JBF <wc*fa s^gj arts* st^ft* ^tsr- 
z& *attc®w »e?5. csttapa ’sr3F'<5 *sps *flrarl 

c^tw fastens 'arfwl fatara 1 s%*atsr <s* «ra«isf3i 
^C¥ 'wN'l 3Stf* SS S^TS faifiST fafas ^*T- 

cw*t far®R <2 fafr< trfcftf* «aet?rm *fat®rsr \ %$ 

^nr*s 5jl <pf?r¥l faFW-fif^fsr's *^irt c®t®? faHt*rft:< ' ?s,s- 
alwc* starts 'sr^cafsj *fac*rs 1 stsam 'safari 

^rs? wtal «rtf5rr^ ^f%r®R 1 

Tjrfrs ^ 'sr?sr^T®J ^fk?P?i f%st?r ^u>«i t ftr^nr ’•nr^ 

inrsrtTf 'srfrjrl f%3p*itfg^T »8« ^tr^r ?t«?Tt?n: ^r?*t t -®r^r* 

ftapsTtfirsT sctar^fip? »rw *rt«s ^1 ct^j-str® *wc»nr '^•*tst »s(jw» 
W$VS *ttE* i 

* ( ^ ) 



W VM ' fWfr 1 

■c»t m mstfcaitf *firaR sti i avww crt*rtf^s 

*^gl a*r $r ^c® «t*nrc *fjrraR «hr $:- 

*tr$ cw% fswtfe. «*nrwt<f att^nr «i^he 
iRftrcw • *tf«tftr wtui e*K»w i <rt^j ifbs 

4tfart^ e T’m*^ csftwir a^f® ff®r i *vi*r*1 c$\m^ 
ftat ■^t'P'RTE^Clfl *f*ft*npr, <WT »ranr 

apfti c'sftwa 3tf®*f3P®1 >3 :fai:*Fra®i» w*fcit iraW 
watwre "ftsr .’H'sff^ v : 'S ^fiK *raf%® aw*f* i 

nfitnra,. cwtmvr ^rb a-fail .c®tata f»*| v**i sir* sri. 
c*ra*r sami 39 «reWr«f atas-Tf'lt wi 
sa sfl 1 <a &*tra*r ^faj sst*? ^pf^ul c%fs?i^ s?w 

*1, iS3r° 'S’^lT f»W$> ’’SP’SII *P%:?ra I 

Ortwin f»f%7 sfarf c'slt®?? *S(frarer 

f^Tf ^<0 ^StST! aWWF OT^tlc*? ^*1 
^tc? ?1farc*i»i I tj% tH'ji ^tr,^f tjs? ?W ifif’sf ^f3t»!sr, 
“srrwtt^tsra smc* c®t$? 1% cs’sr <*W3 *1 rad*r *ia-T 

•stow . ^f?nriff sr ?” *«.*r?rt®f “cst® ®<raFtc«T al 

*ft® c^<f5r <ir*.it fafonr.ffsi. ®tSl ^T^Rtc* 5 £T* 

Wfasdat® ^StWf fl” ^3? ftsFSstfar^a, (3T t® ? 

S«.*F?rtSF “«Stf *1 *RF*t" ^fsr^l *>%«!•* l 3t®Ti ^ S-fS®! 

flit asfsc*ra, •sq-afl ;— 

v f<rgr# *rar •* frsl *w 

1 or'jtiN' srenrroT f<nf g3 vtc^ w^rrarrapp* ' 

w^jFt^i *jf*(f$<r <ffl'73r?n2 c*r tsfo^ 

wrrsl ^pil *t*Jf^” • 

I ^ ^f^r® ‘«if® ’I'W^I 

ajT^fs Tj^t^r Wwl ’ram ; f^ >«<pt- 

^i3*n car®tfc?t , ®t <> rt?r 

cTnf^sr, ?wtfw <fst. I'sitfw ^ttfj *aw ^IsfiFare 

>?ntcf <a^t^ «*5t^ 'Sf^fir ^f>r- 

^ % '*ns r t?t*?t'8 >fl^t^ c®iW5? i 

Jitw *?1^» c^t*? ^1% ^1 c^Wa ai«f 



) b'V 

*Ffa5ja ^nrapa ^%5t *[$ ?w *tfsm,c*tm- 
f®r ^?e®r i aiapta sr^ at’R’srfa. m-stta 

aHt fa? *farrar *4*% *rr*r *fcrs f*s sfare cm* *wf* 
&nf*$zm ara*n ^rfar® wfafwpt S^ai nfawfiww 
vittai fa^tfa^ir 1 «rfa- : 

c®*i 'srfir «rw*f- trtf aatf <*rra ?%3 1 jiwt 

wr*H ® 5 t*f “SRr 5 ®* «t*rgt^ 

*twwrj«fa 'srfa «®fc^»r vat* i gts?l 

«a^ fwag gffgren^, ^reatgr *wj*tfl’ aa* c^rT-sTt 

'Sitfagt at®? ’nsta 'sfa&ta ^fgxarci ^1? ?tWi ac«rf*f^ *fc- 

a^ta *fa*i 'swfafa apjt^isr -sax cat?ft ^®r 

fme ifatsra, “aam! sism asil^g fastf- 

atftre fa ^fatfrtra sTfaga gffataR ?’ 5 cartrt <pf%r^^r, 

“ atS/?T ! ., CwItSFiT ^m?tr<s CHT^fg^T w$u§ ?Xz* *\, 

spsii afas^tc^r c^rsf 'srNsfir gsfgcaa 1 ^t*r- 

faffaatta afare.’ c?Hfta caajtfa^gi a®?^ calitf ajpatta 

a?tcw*r a-'^'i 1 «rtfa &&■ ap»r %*rfas a;ta 1 

fam fatal wcr c?ta *faa, ^statr® <rstw ^s^fa® a^taai 

ij^aw cattfta «fi*far^atfaa: ^faatna^ vtari %ir i- *rg- 

faga <£ivpcg\ fffatta attw cgtaal asfa«^, “ catfrhr ^t^- 

^c«t 'cstsf T^ifqrsr 1” t?i '©fsnrj ®R?r«i 

aV«.$^?$®r 1 aaz^ ^tw^'Ttal 'sr.sfag 

1 f%nm « car^ cs fare %& xtzm faro* afa *f*r®r, 

sfaaTgft? , 3 ii 5 J*jft'ap a tc * arrftfa, f%far #ratre mf*- 

sr affaai caltftre **t aajfa g;fgrea «*• ssfsretfc *f}- 

afa asfarw 1 «f cai?ft f cai^ alat, ffa- 

Jiwnia ffa-CT^rsT fafa caTfft ^rtfaw 1 

c a aficl at®n *fTtai ?tc^ 5 T 

jaa°s ^ ^artafa ^aftai, ^irfa ®ra afait^ 

asfaai, «iit a? aa nata-aa^s ^tas 1 cjf^ 

ca>a ar^a,* fata tw a« aafaaitatca afa«i c?c«r ara 4 . a^taa, 

« 


* Marshman. 



v-8 i 

* 

fasfafa *rt«re ?it^, fafa *rstfa^ 

f^W *fm 5<FtiR ! 

c^tw?t®r art* ^rt f*i«ti sr^m «rw» *rt»w 

.^ffapf tjtfarwn faints «arf%^t^tw f%fa 

’ff'tt’® ’?««?trs: *ffiic»^8 ftiri fSnm fare* 
t fafa *tf<wfiwnr ’Tc^ri ^pnwir fift^^i '$^it 
ferte?t^ wftnwE# s?w <sf «t ^nr* snt i ^Ft<ri «rftar 3§rlt?r 
fat»m ?lt> ff?r ; ^■fast? fafa fir? ff t*rc i c*f 
*«*r ^sl ??<?l ?pf??i tssr&rsr fafa ’sfrwc? 5 *nt^rf?r 
far®? i c®ifa<£ffaf «ftcf , * cs tw ?twl 1 *ar ^tst? c*r? 
nm ffwn 

tf» «|tw ff»f srtwtfam cw ^f?r*rt? i 

fa^ffam 3t5rf ^frfa ?f?'8 «fefWC$ W5T ?TOf 
ft« <*m ^fif« s^tat srfiii fa*nr ««itf*r 

ff^ ?4 •iff f5 i ^faaK? >a?r ??? ^n%5 

^sr, T<fa fa*grf f? ?c^ tttfas sma, *tf*r w<* ffc*, 
€“$*fa«?r »rt*H ^’sitstc? aafaH c** ?fafa JfW sj%- 
attia. artfaai afsr^fsriar 

<«?°s rtfrawtwit 'sf tfwcsra •ptfa « «P£ i c*rm- 
?rr??i fa <2PFit*s5t?i3?$ mwz a^a «s^c*i ^fat afara 
srt?r$ ^fa^tai ^taaacaa 'sr fa *rf*5? 'stcfl <rt«rfa ami 
<6^ irfasftat ff*r, <flfac«fa *tft*r <** aa’ffa ff ctr I 
•afarefs? <& 5ttwfif afar faav^fr *rm afari «*tt«i a* i 
tafat^fa? *p|T stt®r ?r??p s»ft? afai 

^t:*ra i ?t^i c^fa ^c?;? $$ a# 

ncirttfSfir^'p’nM *$c4\t& afirnfm ^wfa s?r^ ^ 
cjRt^t ■ ff si." f fr fafa srfaft g fa"v?r>ici( 

'«itc?t,? < i i fafa cvs^nisr , $ft2F? e f i 

^S«.?fttsT eitrftc? »rtar iftC? ¥t®1 ff cs»ar, fafa «t>i®f- 

▼wf*rp*ni ^t3p?«f ?t#i «r^*f ^fa?i rw >narf i. 

^?«SFifa f^f ^hfij ?»s?f «nt?i ^tc'^TCfr 

* ^faftwretaj w, ^ ^ 

^tfac^ 3fft»r ctt, ftfira ?cmt ^ aysffr? ^ftcf » 



t v<t 

<s? w*ft*rca ca^a® ataa fa tan afam artai*r 

Rfftlll 5f5 ^tai *> tea I 'gWfftf ;, ^f§- 

ar*r aatra ^atca «rt*£« *ft«i *!r® 

®rtf?m, -psiRi cnfarfaafl; £rat*r ^tar, ff*f5i ortir faatw ^tai 
afaar i n=# *%m f$s fafajir afa®r, aaarta 4vs afs®r i 

acara na3? sff^t *ma ^ara? arfa>f% ?tar i fai *Tt«?ai -j 
bat’srai ajf*r?r *tfg;ata s^arr® aafaa <3Pf *rn? atfc, 
w?*rw <2ft®«atr*t wt*ro fca^ftma (*w wrfaa 
^tiftffST «rtfH f?TfTf?r a?) ’Sff^mr g#* intff^rsri *rfnF 
$W?r p^tn ^nair *rtv. t«7JW« 
n%» >rf%sr isrt^tu -sa *psxa *nVt%r! ffiara ^ 

<q csfe <*m aa <afwtH afars ws \* 
tafr® ara$% a^aa ai, fa$ #W? *pj naw 
artna fn^tca 'siai 5r^<i afax® nta*i afacaa i fa^ 
5 5Wtfip aiatnca sranttaa afaa® ^rteafga aa 
*twra. snintar ^tetca ®tsta firaw «nrt* afkata, 
f«fa aa?? ^ -sraafra <£fwtc*T 'anratf atai ^a^ifwrsp 
•rtwtai -?r5 *rrtrttfl aaf*t^ ate® a%aa i 

atfft® ?a i $?antar atna stray ’atfsii ^?- 

vFtfaa or*f ?pr n^st? <ann® ^tn %% aw _ «fiftxsf 
nwk^r ^pr <m\ ’utm cstfa® yr®ra a*#t afa- 
c*?a i* ^arcFtfs? atratw *rcnw fa*tsataa®l «nr e i nns 
^5gj srs® *nr«vtc«nr ?tc®?y acwrtf fe*ffiF5 strata i *w*rm 
't^ n£*rc*5w®fs® <*f^s ^t®ra i fsf^t, aiwfsw, afinr <«??. 
at*nf qgtw wtwfsi ®tr tar apfac^a i ** ^ 

■«iRtaiF <aa? & ^ astal .aw <fitfaa> i 

Tjai i ^.aaplfw batata <l ’fatapa stvfH afar^a 
«aa^ f^facaa ’wa^aJ ^a^gjca afa^a i ’ f^^ai a’jar a?t 
*r^r« 'stfvs® ^wif atcata «rH ®Jta afacara i 
a^pr *i**t% ^t's afaal, cna^ata can 


* Colonel Dow’s Hindustan. 



rrtsrr i , ®R3gij ’gwtfe? ’firtsit^ <strf& 

Je^cW .<$<*, *p*n*s»ir, ?trs?f*?r f*$*t»rsr ’■rfiRJtjr apfksra i 
frctt* 5«nr, «nw *w writ rsi aftn for* 

«ft3Rt«l, 'W% ; 5ft^ S?^91, W*f 5ft?1, C*im- 

?rttt i* ^tre.trs’o 9Fv*rt*rj ^t?*t *?ag- 

wtsn?, for*-* Jtw awrfoaf ffo* *rs «itui ^ 
sror*f r aw *r#ps spf?r?i airfare* 

^tcei*4 aw wtta vtwfarr®- arsTtw’^fir- 

csrc i wisr«ft?f catamtafow fWt $t at? 

Watre iiw seffatsi* , at®?taa foa^a vflrsi faw 
'<32* ^taaHmr* wstw »im'*f3jtwa, firstnrfca 
, 3jfrv cvt apt rffccsra t ' 

, aw Wft? ft^Tra $t at? ^ttforal apota, foi 
f<«tifo as aforal 'srtam arfwa 'fafaaita *i i 
s •>& atOTt, aw *$ wpr «wnw *fjrcw*, *3oft?F 

«?a«tfw aftaamter catatfiw, ^srftat, astKjf^r fosft 

^faal ^ <*Tf^ w a- fore ^lu^, 
ca fsagrai sf*5T apt <*f5v£&a ^ats 5 ?!^ atatf^w*’ cs 
^s^ca? aftwi Vf, cs'tm, ataatfo? ^ns?tw«i foa^s ^:ai 
^watatar adWffrera.i fo^al fonWata acars? ^taw 
a%aa states fara*f acaj.awas 8°°° ta^? astatft ^t*r i 
tfreaau fir^firwir aflaj* atawrs faare Wi ^tu* 
•mta , *« *tt*r» #t?t%as aa at?; cat? cat^rata ^*ff*gre 
*t*r, ^tzre aw ^cata *n*si ^rtffiros* *i?rea *£it«ia i 
ft«gal s>ta1 *? ^ ^fesr aaa a* fora aw nspta cwp 
ataaratfe atra cwfar? ^teatfe* aPstre ^atas ^traa i 
asta^a -45i[foiT^* raw cs, ^fa ^tre fowl Wrtra 

afoaa *ffoai itarfow <***. c¥fa«t? ac^® ^?rtc^ ^<, c?V"fi, 

tittfo •agrtyr ^ifoas f^*r ca, c^t* at-sf «i«tw 

carts? asttar ^tf’f ?>a *tt i af^afoj^ta ara*! 

<t, itt'sfi *nhfl ^ cac*t i ^T?ia 

* at»^ ^Fft^T I ^*>0® I 

i \ 



fts? wm 8>ir f%f^ «tira?etf *t?*5 wtlSnn v M?r 
*ff*K*r *itt*nrat ?*i3 fr’Sjst fwift *$(%?[ 'to? i 
fcfrfir *tv$ to? to to? VWf>^ ^ft*r ^firsl ?$jtfs 
omfe s& spfro? i toor of? 15 8 J i utioft ?ffotnj?*r, 
fwirtcfei c*rt*raitcffir ?fafi r *n& ?^1«tfPFi 
c?m?tc*r?r ^fHnr ?tt?rr»ra fipr, or c^r^rfw *to?oo» atit?? 

?R f??5* at^irfff ar, ?«<>* ♦it^i or ml. *fr& «itf??l W ?t?ji 
^rsi $’5 *ftoi ???? W5?fc *rteW,#f*tnF ?%? 

^rtapsr^ *%w TOt ?t?f ?rf§Ti ntitfct**, or <qrar*f 5tF- 
?f *firt*i or ?1 aro osrtfrj 5HR? l to? ?t?t- 

cs gspsp^’G ?1 ^f?r?1 fsrs’frt? stffR 'srtTOf <pf?r?r, »ft<Jt- 
?1 wft? fw ?%m? c? *Rrtn 

s^rss^Tl <st?f?j *rarhR ^fg?r ?1> 

srfgsr i 'sttot f%?fTO ^sp siisft? ?tr*r 

TOrc??i <«Wj ?*t ^Rrw ' t <«?« fgf? ^tt bfRt<is ^S.5f^ 

•spw^t^ ?nr«r *rf??t? ?^rer?, ?t- 

Stre br^s? &vrf?tf%3 ?^nl ff ?3j fs? 
,crofHr?[ 3Ffs*r i ?fH??r ?lt*r tow wurnr 

<#TO ORngf^gr f?*??? <pfirm %?j*» t^taat i %F& 

*rtc*f ^?j« ?tcsr 3 TWk*I? 1 faiF’ft? ?^fl \s& c?fl>t 
?t?ts #r?fn* wtQ ?fro? i f%f? f5t?i ?i '©f??i «rf®- 

f fro m fstj «n? .*fttws» i **t- 

stft to? jwc*t ?r?*r ?ts wrf»*irt- ^foFTOtFtor 

to? i, finest? to^I ^rc*i^ri k4 fa^pwci; #Wir 
<2R®r fjp I f^-55 *ilW flf TOt?3 m-gf^ ??tFf? ?*fc? 
wt? ?%?? sd #f?m ^twi f?^? to* Tg^^n i fsf? 

»rtf5»nr f?^i ffcwr? TORTOt^, 

.fef? ?t?1 faput 3PftrlffCTW, ^f%ft?Pnst3ri ww?. 
finfrtwr arfeil ^c?? >*m f??f?f?c?f5 irf% ntfHwp 

* ion i * 

t ^jrtTOJ TfSral <*rsl7 f%? i 

I i»w i 



* 

i fa«ftps: $hrt?r fafa rnTtn f|sr i 
W%7?*f «rf«fo wIcjf cn, <*retrl ?if^ ^ertifati 
'iwa' wre*^wnrwtw *far» “c* ! 

c$U putt^cjtwv m% *Mt* *Nhr fastfe «r$i^ 
^t? mz wrttw ?sf?rti 

COT 1“ OTCSNt? W5? w 

'srttfOT *fsrr, reOT isWct *R?tw fa® i ^w^ntcir $ *t% 
fWMrtcs ifrf? OTi'tOTfa otot wt*r *fa*i 
^tflu srffora mi izKt fifm *far| ’■rtnrt 

£N fjn&fa <sr*fa *f"6t«, ^rNrfare *rs.ft?r spfesr, 
mi ■'srttwre ^tfSralvM? fafhM afinn ^N*r* wtsstto? 
sf^Fftw fare* i *retOT ?jrc?tt?r $ *j% ^t* 

■%*, ^rirvf c» r «ta f<r wt*f *p%*ra, 

• f 5 *ifare ^ttsrkr wtCT ^rtfa v\*t fa#t*j i c^sf 

* 1 , Vfa 1*1 *fcw C 5 ^ **T£! -SFffsr «*tft *Wi otci fare 

i 

*rfci otot <a^wc*r «H¥tf5r*rey otc«i «r*rt?r<r^- 
atre fr*$ ’yttmfacOT ar*«i ^fsrea i, 

fa$ fafa fc*5*tc*nr ^tsFfaa *f?re ^fare ssr*mfrf v^- 
iitfatwar, '®rs^ o t cwma m *1 i *^J*r 

*ft?r c*rt*t^?> c*t?fa, catnt^tf fa^ir, «?rt*r, ^jhp 

:, $fter ^tsrtfiretii flrefa? *fa*»fa f*r «•?* f^^- 
*t* *r:»re ?rft«R» fas dW-OT’ftrOTi $fatfatOT 
«grtf*p fa^ra 'S 5tf®F% ?t®rt *ir»r* l 'i.o^ xlra* 

fips^ltt* ^il ?t?rt«j^ fa* fre *f?i?| 
g?hr s^stff wr- 1 fafir *r?j?cjr? 'stc^l f?^; 

^ faiv f| t*w i vs\*f* '3 mt. 

cstWf^r^ ^ 'srfsff s ^ i Tflpnr *rfa ^;tsr 

^ ^ffs? ator ^5% satire aim ^ftr fan fttarfa® 

*p$fa ^C?5? » 


» j>»8%^hr i 




1 V* 1 


ufor^rfa ^t*f?r 'fip»R i f%f=r ’Pft*r- 

«rt® %ara sfl , fiffaF® ff c®r i colter *r^®rw iftets 

‘*T 3 t!iF s r « $f% c^ar aff*f?l bra? < f'5? *firr»w 

<sgt ’stfgsrf? ?b*r ^?rwii sifisfafk 

gsfggl ^rt*fsf c?E*r sm* *3pf?tc^F^ i • ^<t gfcar* ffor ^sr 
<stg®?^ ^fwta *f?rai fw^c® **$. jftw^ »?t*ra i 
•at g^nr sm, ^tw fbl[ ^*rt»r *rt^5T i 
sraw ?#hr m <f *rt* %sr* i fbr fcfta ^ftf® 

gsfggl *3f c?*r *f«r*ti 

c^uT i t%fsf f%g«.grtar gtwr *c§t*r grfjralNM srfiert 
*hrm *wst i &Rffa ®nsj®r thtW^, *n®flat **- 
*tf® %*ra, *pr f® c^t?r wfg® g*fa| ^rat "ffa 
$*ro1 w-sgi vra — ' t( fist* ^br *«. i” 

i 

fbr fcgflra* *ijBr <«?r fb? ^ifcsnr foitfiprtft 
f%fk 'stg 5 ®?? nt^rcsr , «r*f^ sfbrfrs ^rsrfa 
f«ft«nr wtai ^>cw' 'wt^rrsi wtfwi 

*fgfa?g ^fg?l ?lfl ^c*r i 

^Ttsre* ! 

®rt»L®»r *ra“*t-spt® « f*r$t?r f^fmtaj f$c*R i sitet? 
wt®tul f*wi ?^«s s§tett¥ ift^^ fgaw gw** i *nstg apra 
f%fa ^bgg ®riN ««$. ^ 4ratw cnW^> 

®Ffat®1 i ^rtwjssr gear <2ttg *regs ■etg^gg aswsart. , 
^rgsr i csftgt%rc*ir -atutf ®t tfir ^g i c^rtgtfanrg 

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gt^g fg^cgg Tf*rg tgs»w®i gi 

cac^lfsi^g c«ri ffr^r 1* ^i^coj ^g- 

t Macaulay’s Critical and Historical Essays }>. oOO. 



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f«Pnr *f$a 'SuiWsi? f fapr *r^® gsfggi c*<~ 

atw^nWre ^<sf wrc faf*r fstf^i at fa 3?:?ta 

'srejtFfg «r^t*f Wre* i »*3 *tftct* cggrs/^V'F't wnr 
^sy wtmt^t afar* *f*rtf«^ ag° «T*t*r&t i ** wt*r* 
*rof«gjt 5 ttg *r$i >rcirgtre ^it«f *f5tt^? a^ta ^f 7 ?® 
Oresr i t^rts^wrar t^tw, fafN4, fgn;s?t 'S caart? giaa 
*1<te >ft3S f?*T, ^r?5 3® 5lgf ^>T5TI 3^31 
'SPU^T t*WT CT?%g1 \t|5f3 gfjT® g>f3Ca aKca *1*^ 

i fama* f*r?ws Wca* ^gtn 

fiurrfaa f$»t. fa»$ fitawfaa at?srg»*f «n gsfgrsr \§ry tre ^fr?i 
fcfiisi <tt® i 3Ff^T‘«5i*r ^g^rg ag> gal ^rt^R 

TfaVl fw taT9* *r?R*f fg^ T^tai 

'srwret 15 ^%>nt g*rfta f^fsr ^Ifrtfw^a >jt^? c^rfa^i 
i : .-^al f-<'!«t^ : t‘ «t?r3at? at^T ^fgca 

^iia >r^Tftf<R^ m »,5 fa^fa® 5^<J1 i jp®! 5i'at- 
^ta ^ fsr^?‘T -j^r^K ^rrir f^rai ^F-faataa 
apfaai f 5 : ^f-'r® fii-5r*z f%a ^fat^sj i *r$ few 5 ^^ 
7 B3 T%?Tt? r i':a at^a n5it*ftc^ ^s\4 

^ 5fig f ,. £t$ f t^fsr <p r aai gf^c^ 3 ? 1 *f*$K ftfsr 

». ♦ If 1 

1 '.\rooo ^rtgfft. c«ooo ^nrtfw <et=>t»i va^ »• 'sjn 1 

Charles Stewart 



totjn ?*s?i ^fa’sr i stic 5 ? ?Whj ^ ^*r, 
faS <?t ’W? <|fc*rt3 S^tCS sutETO Wt fafafl fill 
*t*4«ij *^pt, ^itsffwts ^fal fafa«> <afa*sr* ^ 3tt^, 
$r®t?rt cifal ifast 5 ' 5 ! stars srtfitwsr t ■Jrefwa *rc^’ 
fa???* « csresstar CTsrmfs i fia??* stwc* ^ 
^fitcspr* fa* ^fatC s 3 JS<F Ciml 'SJtfasI 4t*1CS Sf?T*ff^ 
sfas i fajRWwa !i?ti stfata *f%« stfll faa^fsacs 
sfimttrs -sitJTttc^H i faawtsa ^rf*r'Q *.?atw wfhr 'sitfa s 
^Wfirscs ’it star sfacsstca* ^tt» ^tastai 7 ?** 
<tfsta ffa 'st^r s^ifacs?, ?RS4? sstfl '5nrf?r ^csr ?tf?i 
4ttefa ?fa^5 smi sl?r sn ?tftcs f*fa ^atsfawra *rcs sti 
f«Rt?r*l *RT # WCS CStStt ^c*f Jill HRftst I 
^ %s??c? fairstsa cnatw^wp^ta siit?' s i^ 

fV^T? *^?1 ^Tf^oCaT faTV*f sf?T?1 Sfac*r?r, 

“75rtn?r stl^ jjfht srtfa a«rt«f JRifftrs <a?^ 

srt*wta siftsfa ^ snsta ststs* srtfercfif sta sits 
^ej^gsTt^ fsj^f* sfa, sf« fa?c??T vt&nl <F<F?; 'Bj'tfa 
^t^Rtc* 5®n?t?r atfafafia stfa *a^ ^r?ta ji^? 
•stairf* s«ti sfasnsMa (aw?) ^t?i vt*r- 

srtcs fa*? ^f?r, '5jt*T?r ®?t?* « Jt^-51 3^1 sif*i f’ faastsa 

St^lCS 5^C^* S5J1 ^fac*!*, 'SITfJ fpjfaf^T f^i J>%- 

?itf, FW %W Sis US. pfa *T*RTa *tal W ipi ^rf<j<r, 
«Q^C«1 b^falCS VlS 7^?1 fafa?i ^tfacS ^T-5§1 S3fa 1 * 
sT?t? S*$ST*t r^j^ric^' fafirel stfacs ^sfa vrfal^- 
c?ts! t ^rc 5 !^ wt'S^rTsf ?rt'57 1 , 

c^t? ^fac^sfa^, fafa cJrgTs^csl 91 ^ ^tff- 

sfa ?5fi 5 !l •st^rt«r>R sg^t^ic^r ^tji- 

»sr 5 fas ^^t?r ^fac^, fafa 

f*ffac? st^TN^s ^tc«m 1 cstsrsrater lfa«grc^ 

^fa'stfac^ ^ftfa f*rf«ci st«jT^^ii ‘^far^ t^Twe^r jiii C9ff®r- 
CTti ytcTr, ^Jirsrrai ^c? 9f^l?5f *%?, ??r< 

* Stewart’s Bengal 



tswwrt *rwrtw ^fgt'ssrtf^m i* .<**m #$£)* 4 * 

<*Wtsrf^f« an, wc«j Ttfi *1 ?rar «w* *rs o«i *f*re 
«rtti i fwrmn twtarfwwnr «t?r« ?mr mm 

%n *fka*r i ts.atwft?m atwi "«f s at*? <8 ?i^lt ?c*r 
^st*i to f$aE cat stf •pi *into ^itjr « ^lu **$• 
*ttR atasaf , a?a?t? *faarfst?re to i c*r c«r 

s>*r srartaw *r*?m *fat*r totwpirt 

*mr*r *tc*R ua?t fij^g t^tla? ^®Jl *fgni brffwcxt 
'*%, *t% «tj, -fiflf % a?«t ¥fk*R i 4t p® *rarws n«s» 
*ra carr* Jr® ?a, ts^tw ■5rft*f aj% 'S *npt*r ajfgs 
’srTaffTO ktltffsi i fpjt® vfart^w p fs^* p l 

c»f3r*r^t?Jfl?rt *r?rf3 ?r$l atones *n*ra?T yfp ®ta*r pts 
■§*rps •rtfjrceui, 4*rs mzv <«y t§,?t<i 

’TfJR ^fa^T I CT?t4®^CWlsrl $ 5F^C?3 «*rf% C^t«f 
saa ^Flnrrf^c«tsT, f%fa gap ft? sst^ta ^SUa «it- 
«n at ’%1 ^fgce«i jpira if^tPF wara fifai %Wm *rap 
far**r a?f<r*i i cagf-$3o*n*ii faawp®«nr ^ trowa f*»w*r 
^<S 

firaafftp* 4*ftr sata m% W&m t^r^csr^ fayi? 
a%s^^» tm ®it-:'5 'siifawR i states tvafr«3l f fij? *tf*r 
»tfT® *135 CPI^C*? f%fa 3»i®3SftT *tm* t fol ?ft5? ^?f?tcy 
^fflCStsr I 4»ft? ??t?TH 1 cTO«^l®l*?t*. P? 

stc* c^wtfl'T '3 TOcas **etaT?n cyftrftTta ^ ^ 

'WtntW ^CSTf V>ft'*l, , 5«rCJJT3Pr*? fn-tf’B *W ^Cgl *ff$STf$- 
c'^s? it ^^^-‘ri^ft star's??, rt*r wr- 

?f5( ";T 5 'T r ltC’ra <fs*5r«f^t &t '<I «1 C : <9'>r I a>Tl?t 

* «?f*t W*< ft? 'WIT?, C? CTt?ii?itw ?f 'if? '3 

affTt c?f«ial ^trs w»r ^ t* i j w?al 

p ycysr t fsr<iwi^ >sy y$ €t?r^ 

?fr® csrt?*Twtw fw? yfyra? t^tfir® a'pr sftf^r? ^tifyal, ^rl 
^t<y pest, fia 5fr^a ■ay ?ij%5c<5 p ca*r <fy «) p t^T i c? 
w|r«? tnsi vm oetcaf-ral ^Iwtry ?atj1 ye? i 

i '^vljrcooo |— ■ Murr.iy'a British India* 



at* aitea Wa.faa^maa ^fiteta. ^faasta atfare <*r$« 
*tt*a i faasrtea st*i aKwrtsa ^f?ai iprt a**tca. 
fa«|$ asfar® CS^I atfate, ?Ftt^#r^TC^ «sf^5 *tite fa*ta*l 
*caa tftffl:* a«fl Wi^atca at*taj *fac© aar\s acsa'i 
*rca at* ^tea *rtftsfl aitapri asfate ^tattwal ^te «r»rsr 
a^fatea i ^.aterfiteite 'a^rsff cwfaai agtota -ata afspa 
*t«ta £aai ate *tal onatira.ai'aai <im at* ^tera 

faiftre .trst* ^fateia i ^resaa fa?s?ter:aa abates 
fisfa ttatvfawa af*« ^fat^ <2tf^ y^wa i f$fa 
^tateftrtaa <5fata oiataF* jz% x tr<%^ rtal ^sgata *fa- 
caa, ca tstefai 'sratatca ateJ w&us ^rca ^t?i faata- 
«!te 'Scsrt'wt^fwwa «rtara <srt«fat atfkaa i «caterft® f ai* 
ate trtfa cofte a^ai *5rte aatte *3te i ^tatcwat 
'si^tit ttaar af*^5 fan’SF vm orate a^fkaa i at te?al srft 

*tal f<pa«.ofi^ faasfteatet oteprs a^faat #?*ta wtel faa 
a>faare aata asfatea i faa asfaa ^fw ¥te aa^fr *tw 
<teta a>raa art, faasftea «g;as *fa stt# a^caa i 
ara^r faeua <®5*ta ifflt *^te §?atte?al brsrta^teftel 
afta *#t?ra 4 <f aata *Ftaa i <$t ai% ta> aw ata ats 
aata ffraa, a«ral t^atwfirwa *te f**i; ^ateaai 
a?ca apta aatraa ^a^i gta afaal fa^ta ^faasta atfaal 
*rtaa. a*fate teftttera <aat faatea « aatraa 9% fa^<g; 
asfaraa i ^aafa $r*ta1 fa^, *r«|ste, ^tatar, ate«ja, faift, 
•an^fs ^sf asfaai <2tta aa^ ^taaacaa ^atea alaft^a t 
••^a cat'orrata 9faar4 aafat^t f^»ct; rfaai ^sta^acaa atcwj- 
>aff ^tarc^a i • catertka cafe's atr^i sraMit's fantift 
fac^t^ ^tc®r p>ob« ate, a^f^c^t '5ta«aca a^tat^a 
cata«j1 of jo > 2 fFta f? «aat cattefal? ^afaata ate aa i 

• 'scatetraal «rftata afaai ®ata ata jpfks i 

t uwate* si*> i 
f # jwv, jaji araaa i 


«f^T ^ TSTt^ I 









