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PG ee 
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\|_ Aapect perzanasin w xontopyi: Backosa yn, 9. Tenecors Ne 20-83. | 


AST 


COHEPMAHIE: 
1. MIPOTUBD COUHUA .... Hana. 
3. KPUTHKA HAYYHbDIXD NOHATIN u EA 
SHAUEHIE JUIN HALWETO MIPOCO- 








Ne 1. 


3. POKOBDbIS CWJibl. Pomanp. Mepesonn 

BpymGepra ............ Tycrasa ad» Teiepcrana. 
4. 1. BOJIOTOE COJIHUE Bb  KA3E- 

MATb IMEYAJIbHbIN. II. TOBAPHLLD, 

PYKyY1.. Cruxorsopenia 


Bri, 16.40: sd, es Alin. 
5. BYJIYUIEE HCKYCCTBO...... A. Topndearaa. 
6. CTHXOTBOPEHIE....:... . Wl. Beinéepra. 
7. JIAYHNKM Bb KAJIAKAJIAHIB. Pas- 

CKASb. 2... 1. 1 we ee le . Tana. 


8. SAHYCH. Ponmans. Hepesonrs cr ppanuys- 


Bs 2s takes Ae gc a A as GS, css tae 3 HK. T. Ponn 
9. WSb AHVIM........ . . dlioneo 
10. COBPEMEHHAS IOPHCIPYNEHLIA un 
YUEHIEE Jl. I. 







. M. Petichepa. 


. Wl. Moxiescsaro. 


cKoh pesosouin H Nnepspe 


ee e¢ e# @®# @ #@® ® 


a ee H. E. Hyapwna. — 


.13. XPOHHKA BHYTPEHHEH 2KH3HH:_ ners 
I. JIuxexaauia nepsod Jlymp.—Jlnksuza- ee 


nia Bropodymu.—Jlnksyaauia cuyTe.—lIlI. 

Tarorbuie kb TparHueCKHMb Pa3BA3KaMb.— = -. 

tno 06. y6ifctsb renepana Tlonkosun- « 
_ kopa.—Crporocth 6e3b munoctH.—H bun 


Ha xn66b H 3aKYNKH HHTeCHAaHTCTBa. — o” 
Xpa6pocrs no6baurenet..—-IV. Tope: a , 
crayioulia mo6¢anTenb.—Bce MoxHo,—ITo a 


HaKAOHHOA nzocKocTH.—T'pesoxKHnA HOTH. A. Netpumesa.. 
14. HA OYEPEJHBIA TEMbI. Pesomouis a 
waOoGopoTh. . . . .. 3. ee ee A. Mttuexonosa. 


15. NOJIMTHKA. Htoropui nepcnekTHBhi 
Ha 1908 romp. .. 2°. . ©... « CG. Omanosa. 


16. HOBbIs| KHPA: 

M. B. Mossapt-SanonpcxiA. VUneanw nexa6- 
puctopp.—M. B. Jlosnap-3anoapcKift. Memya- 
py gexa6pucross.— Bu6aiotexa sexa6pucross. 
Bunycxp nepsft. Flonanoe co6panie coynneniA 
Konapatia Genoposnya Poiabesa.-—Buinyck Il. 
Poccia » pyccxie. Huxonan Typrenepa.—Ba- 
pout A. E. Posext. Sanucku sexa6pucra.— 
Jl. [. efup. 16 abre Bb Cu6uprn. (Bocnoma- - os 
Hania).—Mlapsycn. [Mo rioppMamMb BO Bpema pe- 
somouin. Moé no6trb u3b Cx6upu.—C. Ipo- 
konoBuib. Pa6ouee aBuxenie sb Tepmaniu.— 
B. Cssaraosckif. [podeccionanpanie pa6oyie 
cons HH ySpexzenia, HMA COsqaHHtiA.—Bn6- 
ajorena cpo6oqHaro BocnHTaHia Hw O6pazoBania 
H 3aumuTH abrefi.—Tpareaia xbrcxoA xayuin. 
1O. A. Becesosckaro.—Orto Pioze. iibrn npo- 
netapidta.—J[ttu-pa6ornuxu Oyayuiaro. Mo- 
ckoBckaro o6mectsa Cersemenrb. — Hosnia 
KHHTH, NOcTynuBoiA Bb penakuiso. 

17. Cayyaiinnia sawbren: [ipa katowmxca an- 
Tepatopa. A. flerpwusesa.—Crapnii sHaKo- 
mB. Ba. Hopoaenno. 

18. OTYETb KOHTOPHI PEJIAKLIIH. 

19. OB bsSBJIEHIS. 


TOIbKO-YTO BHINIO Bb.CBBTB | 
HOBOE, NEPEPABOTAHHOE H3J/AHIE KHHEH 


PYCCKAA MYBA.. 


XyOKeCTBEHHO-HCTOpHYecKan XpeCTOMAaTIA, COCTaBIJeH- 
Han I]. AH. Xapaxrepuctrukn uw o6pa3ubl mpouspeneniii 
132 nostoBb (oKon0 40.000 cruxoBB). 
libua 1 py6. 95 kon. 

[]ponaetca Bb KOHTOPaxt ,PyccHKaro Boratcraa‘ 
H BO BCKXb H3BBECTHBIXD KHHKHBIX MarasvHaxs. 


0 Aa OR ee 


AHBAPD. ° 1908. 


PUGGAUG BULATSILG 


EREMBCAGHBIN 


JHTEPATYPHBIA, HAYTHDIA a DONHTHOECK INV PHA. 


No |. 


aE Bed — 


C.-NETEPBY PI'b. 
Tunorpadia Tepsot Cn6. Tpynoso# Aptenu.— JIurosckas, 34. 
1908. 
‘ 





PStev bro. 7 (Mer) | 


GARVARKLE  \ 
UNIWERSITY 
LIRRARY 
CAN 12 1Y¥d 


Orapurtd’ noanneka na 1908 rop. 


(XVI-uAa TOI M3 AHIA) 
fA EREMBCHIHWH JATEPATYPHNM 2 HAYGHHA IKYPAAIB 


PYCCKOE DOPATCTED. 


H3NABAEMBIA Ba. Tan. KOPOJIEHKO 


npx Onnxaitiuems yuactin H. ©. Annencraro, A. Ff. Fopndeavaa, 

flioneo, C. A. Ennarsescxaro, A. A. Asanyne-Mucapesa, H. E. Hyapuna, 

fl. B. Moxiescxaro, B. A. Makxotwua, A. 6. Netpumyesa, A. B. Mtmexonosa, 
C. H. WOmanoza w 1. ©. Any6osuya (J. Meabumna). 


NOANUCHAA WBHA cp zoctaBKow xu MepecbukolO: Ha ronE—9 p.; 
ua 6 wbc.—4 p. 50 «.; wa 4 wbc.—3 p.; na 1 wbc.—75 K. 

Besb gocraBKu: Ha roab—8 p.; na 6 wbc.—4 p. 

Ce HAAOHEHHLIND NAaTeHOMD OTMbabHad KHHxKKa 1 p. 10 K. 

3a rpannuy: Ha ronb—12 p.; Ha 6 mbc.—6 p.; Ha 1 mbc.—T p. 


NOJNUCKA MPHHAMAETCA: 


By C.-flerep6yprté—sp Kontopt xypHana, Bacxoesea ya., 9. 

By Mocust—s>p otatnenin kontopy, Huxumexta sop., 0. Tavapuna. 

By Osecctb—sb KHHxKHOMD marasHHtb C. B. Morxaposcxaro,—JJac- 
cance *).—Bp marasnnt , Tpyab*—Jepudacoecnaa ya., 0. M25. 
Aocrasazswmie noanacky KHMsKHBIE MArASHHH, SEMCKIE CKJIAABI 
M YIMPABbI, YACTHHNA WH OBUIECTBEHHHIA BABIIOTEKH, NOTPEBH- 
TRJIBHHIA OBLUECTBA, FTASETHbIA BIOPO, KOMHTETHI WJM ATEHTh 
NO MPIEMY MOMMHCKH Bb PASHBIX’ YUPEAULEHIAX moryrs yaep- 
MINBAT. 88 KOMMNCCID MH DepecHAKy CHET 10 40 KOM. Cb KayKAaro SKSCMILENDPA, 
f. ¢ OpmcuszaT,, autcro 9 py6aeh, 8 py6. 60 xon., TOJIBKO DNPH DEPEAAYS 

CPA3Y NOHO FOAOBOM ILVATBL 


Hednucna e3 pascpouny usu ne enor onrsavuennan 8 p. GO n. 
ows mwuxt HE PIPHHHMAETCHA ao noazyaenia sexocraiommmxs ACHCrs, Kak 
Ou Hh Onaga Maxa YACpKaHHag CyMMa, 









\> 


*) Sabcb me npomaxa usnaHif? ,Pyccnaro Gorarctea®. - 


cr. 


COTEP}KAHIE: 


CTPAH 
1. Mpetwss coanua. Handa. . . .. 1... 2. we 1— 45 
2. Hpwiruna waydHbiXd nonaTin wen sHaueHie AAR HaUero 

mipocosepuanian. 7K. Hoducd . . . 2... ~ . . 46— 73 
3. Poxoswin cnant. Pomans I'ycmasa ads Tetiepcmama. 

Ilepesont A. BpymOepra. . . .......6 74—111 
4. I. 3oaotoe comnye B> KasemaTD nevanbHEt. Il. Tosa- 

pte, pyxy!.. Cruxorsopenia Jva.. . . . 2... 112 
5. Byaymee ucnycctso. A. Topudessda.. . . . . . 113—148 
6. Cruxorsopesie I7. Betindepra . . . toe ee 148 
7. layawan B> Mananananat. Pascxasn. Tana, . . . . 149—180 
8. fluycs. Pomana K. I. Ponu. rlepeson Cb dpau- 

uyscxaro C. B. . . . . we ee ew ee 1— 32 
9. Wav Awraiw. Ztoneo, 2. 2. 2 2. ww ee le 1— 46 
10. Cospementan swpucnpyaenuia w ‘yuenie A. i. flerpamnu: 

karo. M. Peticnepa. . . . . 2... 2-2 ee 27— 55 
11. Baapamd Tomcons (Jlopa> Heansunt). Biorpaduue- 

ckan sambrea. I], Moxtescnazeo.. . 2. 2. 1. we es 56— 62 
12. Crappit wn monogoK Upant (Ipryunne nepcuackoi pe- 

Bomouin “4 nepBie warn en). H. EB. Hydpuna. . . 62—101 
13. Xpoumna suytpenneh mushn: I. Jinxsnnauia neppod 


Jlympt.—JIlnksunauia stopok Jlymu.—Jlnksunzauia cuy- 
th.—lII. Tarorbuie Kb TparHdeCKHMb pa3BA3KaM’b.— 
tno o6> y6itictrsb renepana [loakosHukosa.—Crpo- 
roctp 6e3b mMHAOcTH.—L[ tH Ha xnbOb HM 3aKyIIKH 
HHTeHAaHTCTBa.—Xpa6pocrb noOtanteneA.—IV. Top- 
mecTByIONUA no6bauterb. —Bce moxnHo.—Ilo Haknou- 
HOH naocKocTH.—TpesoxnHbia HoTb!. A. Ilempuwesa. 101—131 


(Cm. xa o6opomn) 





14. 


15. 


16. 


17. 


18. 
19. 


Ha ovepeannia Temb!. Peposiwuin naosopotTs. A. l/n- 
UseTOHNGA. Lon ee ek ee eee 
Moautuka. Hékotopys nepcnektusy Ha 1908 roa. 
C. IOacaxoea . 


Hospin KHMPH. 

M. B. Aosrapt-3anoapckit. Aneanm gexa6puctos.--M. B. 
Jlosuapt Sanonpckifi. Memyapp! nexa6puctosh.—Bu6siorexa 
nexaOpuctoss. Bainyckb nepsyi. Vlonnoe co6panie co4yn- 
neni Konazpatia Genzoposuya Polrbesa.—Bainycks sropoi. 
Poccia u pyccxie. Huxonaa Typrenesa.—Bapout A. E. Po- 
3enb. Sanackn gexa6pucta.—ZJI. FT. efun. 16 abre Bb Cu- 
6upu. (Bocnomanania).—Uapsyct. No rioppmamb BO Bpema 
pesonouin. Moi no6tr> usb Cu6mpu.—C. [poxonosays. 
Pa6oyvee apm xenie Bb Fepmanin.—B. Caataosckiat. IMpocdec- 
cioHaAbHble pa6oyie colo3bl H y"pexkACcHia, AMH CO32aHHbIA.— 
Bu6aiorexa cso6onKaro Bocnutania 4 o6pa30Bania 4 3alHTb 
abtrei.—Tparesia abrckof nywu. 1O. A. Beceaosckaro.— 
Otro Pine. [btH nponetapiara.—Jbru-pa6otnuKn 6yay- 
uaro. Mockoscxaro o6usectsa Cernements.—Hosnia KATH, 
HOCTYNHBWIA BR pemaKuilO . . 2-1 1 ee ww ew ee 
Caysainpin sambrew: Iga katouuxca autepatopa. A. JJe- 
mpuweca.—Crappit snaxomph. Ba. Koposenno. 
OTyeT> KOHTOPE! peAaKin. . 


O6taBAenia. 


CTPan. 
131—169 
169--178 

| 

179-197 
197-—210 
211 


| 
| 


Hsnania penakuin wyprana ,.PYCCHOE GOFATCTBO™. 


i¢.-LHemepéypes—konTopa ZypHaxa ,Pyconoe Borarotso“, Backopa y., 9; 
Mocxea—ormgbieuie KonTopy, Huxutcsia Bopota, 1. larapaua). 


Bumicuipaiomiie KHMTH Bb ApOBHHuiO Ha Cymmy He MeHbUe 1 pyOAR NoAbSYyIOTCA 
aaposod nepecwiano#. HiniiHbim> marasHHam® — ycTynxa 25°/ mpm mepecwiant 
KHMT> HA MXD CHOTD. 


H. Asxcentbess. BHbIBOPbI HAPOJHbIXb MNPEACTABUTE- 


“EM. Msg. 1906 r. 24 erp. Ibua 5 Kou. 


C. A. An—caii. OWEPKM HAPOTHOM JIMTEPATYPHBI. Han. 


1894 r.—150 corp. I. 80 x. 


N. Byauruny. PASCKASDI. Han. 1902 r.—482 crp. I. 1 p. 50k. 


Tperopii Btaoptusit. BESb YEH (Heb pasckazosb 0 pyccko- 
qoucKoH BoHHS). 1906 r. 207 crp. Ibua 75 kon. Bess sanen.—Bes 
gectpoenia.—_ Be 4yxkoMb nupy.—XuwMepa. 

N. Toay6esv. IIOTATHOE JIBJIO. 1906 r. 32 crp. Ubaa 8 x. 


flioneo. OFEPKH COBPEMEHHOHM AHTVJIIM. Maa. 1908 r.—5d58 


em. I. 1 p. 50 K. 


— AHIJNHCKIE CHIY9THI. Hag. 1905 r. 501 crp. If. 1p.50 x. 


Xapaxrepb aHransalb.—Anra. noauuis.—Bospoxgenie nporexuionnama. — MApaanackifi 
ACL0X0Nb”.—Seman.—KenckiA tpyab.—brexia toy zs. 


— HENPHKOCHOBEHHOCTb JIMUHOCTH xu RVJIUITA. Han. 
mopoe 1906 r. 16 crp. Ibua 4 kon. 

— CBOBOJIA TEGATH. 1906 r. 16 crp. [baa 5 kon. 

B. |. Auwrpiesa. IIOBBCTH H PASCKASDI. 1906 r. 312 corp. 
(ine 1 py6. rowouxa—TIlomt coatuem sora. 

B. A. Kouocoss. PASCKASbI O KAPIMCKON KATOPYS. 1907 r. 
317 crp. [I]. 1 p. «He namt».—Bocnomauania spaya.—lpakruka.—Uckycnuku.— 


Tpopummrs.—Jlackosbia.—Auma.—H. TF. Yepmpimescxit. 

Bragumip> Hoporento. OUEPKH w PASCKASDI. Kanra I. Odun- 
Nadyamoe Way. 1906 r.—408 orp. I]. 1 p. 50 KR. Bs aypsoms o6mectst.— 
Comp Maxapa.—Jitct myxutTs.—B> nou noxb cebranif npaasaHnks.— Bp noxcaba- 
CreeHHOMS OTHhacHi«:—Crapyf ssogapb.—Ovepkn cu6upcxaro rypucra.—Coxonnnelrs. 


— OYWEPRKH aw PASCKASDI. Ka. II. Cedomoe nag. 1905 r. — 
4iicrp. I]. 1 p. 50 &. Pbxa wrpaers.—Ha sarmenin.—Ars-/apanb.—Yepxecs, — 
3a uxono#.— Houbio.—TéHn.—Cynuna xen (lomp-Kunypp). Manop. ‘cKaska. 

— OUEPKY w PASCKASDI. Ka. III. Yemeepmoe wan. 1907 r.— . 
349 crp. I]. 1 p. 25 RK. Oronpxu.—Cxasanie o aops, Arpumms x Menaxent, 
cues leryan.— Napaaoxcs.—,Tocyzapesm samuluku*.—Moposs. — Mocabanift ayte.— 
Mapycnna sanmka.—Mruosenie.—Bt o6aaunbitt neHb. 

— Bb FoJIOTHbi TOb. Hatawnenia, pasmumuenia w 3a- 
witkH. Jiecmoe, HCIpaBeHHOe H AOMOMHeEHHOe, Hay. 1907 r.— 
400 erp. I. 1 p. | | : | 

— CJIBION MY3HIKAHTD. Srp. Odunadyamoe wea. 1906 r.— 
200 erp. ]..75 x. | | 

7 BESDb ASHIKA. Pascxas. Yemeepmoe wea. 1906 r.—218 crp. 

EK. : 


te 


_ IMCbMA Kb 2KVTEILIO rOPOACKOH OKPAHHDI. Bae; 0 | 
usa. 1906 r. 24 crp. baa 5 x. 

— COPOYUHMHCKAH TPATE]IA (no jasaMb cyte6saro pas- 
crbqoBanig), Msn. 1907 r. I. 10 kon. 

6. Kpiwoxoss. KASAIKIE MOTHBBI. 1907 r.—488 erp. IL. 1 py6. 


Kasauxa.—Bt posgnixt mbctaxb.—Crannunukn.—H3> guepauka yuntena Bacioxuna.—- 
Knagb.—Kapruuka WKOALHOA xKH3HH.—K*® ucTouHAKy ucIbaeHiA.—Becrpbya. - | 

H. E. Hyapnue (H. C. Pycaxos,). OUEPKH COBPEMEHHOM @PAH- 
IIH. Bmopoe nay. 1903 r.—612 orp. I]. 1 p. 50 &. Hapoas u ero xapax- 
Tepb. — Hayxka, aurepatypa u neyatb. — Bopp6a peatain if) mporpecca Bb HeAHOR H 
nommnyeckoH ciepaxt.— tno Apettyca—Uazetthoe npo6yxaente 

— TPAJIJJEPEH COBPEMENHbBIX’b ®PAHILYSCKUX'B 3H A- 
MEHHTO Cp 12 noprper. Han. 1906 r. 499 erp. I]. 2 p. 50 k. 
facrepb. — ozs. — 3oaa. — Kaemanco. — Baapaext Pycto. — Kom6n. — Pouops.— 
MKopect.—Taxb.—Anatoan Ppancs.—lloan Bypxe. 

nN. J. Jlasposy (Muprosy). . VCTOPIMIECKIA ITHCbMA. Men. 
mpemne, 1906 r. — 380 crp. I. 1 p. | 

— ®OPMYJIA IIPOrPECCA H. K. MMX AfIOBCKALO. ! 
HAY WHbDIA OCHOBbI ACTOPIW WHBHJINSBAIIH. 1906 r. 143 crp. 
IbHa 40 kon. 

— SAJATH NOSHTHBH3MA HW MX" PBITEHIE. Teoperum co- 
POKOBLIXS TOLOBD Bb Hayké o BbpoBauiaxe. Hag. 1906 r.—l43 crp. Lk. 40 RK. 
‘thas ome PABHONPABHOCTD. Bmopoe wan. 1906 Tr. 16 erp. 

Ha *, Kol. 

— CY} M EFO HESABHCHMMOCTDH. Haz, 1905 r. 24 erp. II. 5 x. 

Ex. Jtérxosa. ITOBBCTH uw PASCKASHI. T. I I. Mepreaa ari6n. Lpembe 

wey. 1906 r.—222 crp. I. 1 p | 
— NOBBCTH a PASCKASBL T. Il (pacpomant). 

— TOBBCTH u PASCKASBI. T. TI. Hen. 1908 r. — 336 crp. 
Hf. 1 p. Pa6e.—O6opsannas nepenucka.—Ha meabnarb.—OG6neen0.—Bes> damerin 
(Codna TlerposHa a Tana). 

"fl, Meapumny (M1. ©. Any6oeuss). B MIPS OTBEPSKEHHBIX’D. 
NHCKH OHBIMaro KaTopsKHHKa. T. I. Yemsepmoe nag. 1907:r. on386 ¢ cn 
Ij. 1 p. 50 K. Bo npeanpepin .—Weaaesckif pyanuxh.—eprancif opaesoKs.— 
Onunouecrso. 

— Bb MIPS OTBEPIKEHHDIXD. T. II. Themee nag. 1906 r.— 
402 crp. ]. 1 p. 50 K. Cs rosapnuamn.—Ko6mana Bb nyTH.—Cpean conoKe,— 
Smunorn EC -scriptum aBtopa. 

— TIACbIHKH KUSH: Pascka3sn. Bmopoe way. 19038 r.— 


387 cTp. TL 1 p. lOnocts (u3b BOCTOMHHaHIA HeyRayHpUDl).—lTlaceBKH >KH3HH.— 
Yopros. apo —Shosmans Katopru.—Ucxopka.—He hockasannaa, npabaa.- —Ha xutah- 


cKoh pb«b.— 
oe OUEPKM PYCCKOM i10a3IU. Vien, 1904 r. — 406 erp. IL. 
1 p. 50 K. MMymxuns. —Hexpacoss.— erp. Toren, — Hancows, — Cospemenmurn 
MHHiaTIOpH.—O cTapOM> H HOBOMB HacTpoeHin. 

— BMBC 0 TIJIMCCEJIDBYPTA. «1. Beer 3b TIOMTHUECKOR Ka- 
toprn. A. Messuua. — II. Ha Amypcxo& xonecHoh noporb, P. Bpaecxaro, Nisa. 
1906 r.—40 crp. I. 8 kon. 

H. H. Muxaiiaosouit. COUMHEHLA. [eer tomoes mo 2 p. 

T. |. Uso takoe nporpecch?—Teopia Japsnua u o6ulecTsewHaK HayKa. —AHano- 
ruyeckifi MeTOA> Bb OOulecTBeHHOA Haykb.—Bopb6a 3a HHAMBHAYaIbHOCTh.— BoAbaNua 
H ROLBMKHRKH.— 3b snrepaTypHRIxb MY PRANBELXT gamBroxs 1872 u-1873 rr. 

_ ¥. i. Mpecrynazenie mn naxa3anie.—lepon « toana.—Hayynuia nucbMa,—TTaro 
nornyeckaa Maria. — Usb anTepaTypHXd H MKYpHanbabIXD samMbroxs 1874 r. 





T. 1. PanocodiaZuctopiu Jiyx Baana. —Buko # ero ,HOBaR nayKa*.—Hosniil 
ECTOPBEKD a uations Hapona.—Yro Takoe cyactbe?—3anncKy Tlpodaua. 
. IV. Keprsa crapoh pycckof smctopin.—Hxeanuswb, M&AONONOKIOHCTBO 
peaaasuce. — — Cysnatbunt H Cy3iatpcKan KpHTuka. — Kapap Mapkcpn ne ex _cYROM 
. [1O. Kyxoscxaro.—Bn nepementy.—JIute ubin saMbrxu 1878—1 
T. ¥. Kecroxi# ranaurh. — Ma. Yenesckia. — Weszpuns: — Tepon 6es- 
spemenba. aie B. Wearygop,.—3anncku COBpeMeHHHKa. —TlIncpma nocropoxHaro. 
Vi. Boastep». ~Tpaes Bucmapkb, > fiean r »  Posmal Bb pyccxom antepa- 
typ. _jueomnce qHTAaTeA CbMa 0 PON 
— JMTEPATYPHbIS| BOCIIOM HAHA i ONG. 
CMYTA. T. I. Hananie emopoe. 1905 r. 504 , * Be 
Moi nepspfi anreparypaum onurt. ,Pascabre*. ,Kinxanit B aris. 
3amuckn* .—Hexpacoss, Cantsixos, Enucees, Ycnencxtf, LWearynoss.—O > tp. Toa 
croms. — Fntemo K. Maprca. — Katontleca Aeopaue. Viaedau ¢ WeOBe. — Ean- 
ceesb. 


— JIMTEPATYPHHI BOCIOMHHAHIA a COBPEMEHHAS 
CMYTA. Toms II. Usaganie emapoe—496 orp. I, 3 P. Hopaay © -Buipo- 


mnesin. JlexancHti, CHMBOSMCTH, MarH H Upoy.—OcHospl HapogzHuHectsa IOsopa.— 
O6% SKOHOMHYECKOM eT ae .—H3b nicems mapkenctoBs.—O &p. Haque. 
RJIAKH 


— I. Han. 1904 r. — 492 erp. I 1 p. 50 «. 
Cratke Ch HB 1895 r. no agsapp 1897 ¥. 
= OTKIMEM. T. IL an. got F — 431 erp. U1 p. 50 x 
Cratea cb aneaps 1897 -r. To gexabpb | 
— NOCTBOAHIA CONMHEHLA, “T, J. Hen. 1208 r.— 489 onp. 
If. 1 p- 50 RK. Craton cp mexa6pa 1898 r. ng apeae, 190 
— [TOCJFBIIHITA COUMHEHIS. T; Han. "1905 nN— 50a CTp. 
Ik. 1 p. 50 . Crarsis ct cenra6ps 1901 r.no sus. 1904 r. (shea cueprH asropa). 
0 — be POMAHA KAPBEPA OJIA LY IIKHHA*. Henanie 1906 r. 
24 Tp. 
"Hanon, 3b HOTOPIM PYCCKATO OBIIJECTBA. Han. 


emopoe "1906 r.—400 crp. [I]. 1 p. 25 &. Mporonons Assaxymn. — Ki. Llep- 
Gaross.—Ha saps pyccxos o6wecrsennoctn ‘(Panninest).—N3s [lyumascxof# snoxn.— 
T. H. Mpanoscxit. — K. 0. Kaseanat. — Mamata Pab6a Ycneucxaro. — Mamarn H. K. 
Maxafinosckaro, 


— HAO JI NTH Bb AYMY. Haq. emopoe 1906 r. 40 cTp. 
Ibaa 10 xon. 

A: 0. Heunposcaii. HATIACTD.: Hosters (a3b xonepHoh onunemin 
1892 r.). Mag. 1898 r.—286 crp.. I]. 1 p. 

A. A. Huxosgess. KOOMEPATIS. Hag. 1906 r. 56 orp. I 10 x. 

A. 6. Netpumess. WEPKOBb HW DIKOJIA. Han. 1906 vr, H. 15 &. 

— JIBA H83BHPATEJIBHBIX’b SAKOHA. Ca6. 1907 vr; I, 10 &. 

C. Nogravesp. T. I. MbITAPCTBA.— Han, 1905 r.— 296 erp. 
I]. 75 Koll.—Mocxoscrif pa6ormiat xomb.—Mo srany. 

— T. Hf. CPEIM PABOYMX’b.—Naz. 1905 r.—287 erp, I. 75 x. 

A. 8. Ntwexoness. SEMEJIBHHA HYIKJIbI JEPEBHM. Ocsos- 
HHA 3afladH arpapHott pedopay. Vax. mpomve 1906 r.—155 . erp. 
Baa 60 K. 

— KPECTbAHE HU PABOWIE Bb HXb BOAHMENX OTHOMEe- 
Hinxh. Hay. mpemee Gesb nepembab. 1906. r. 64 crp. If, 25 k. | 

— QKOHOMHYECKAA NOJIMTUKA CAMOJIEPSKABIA. Bmo- 
poe usn. 1906 r. 80 orp. Il. 30 x. 

— XJIBB'b,’ CBBTb u CBOBOIA. Yemeepmoe ren. 1906 r 
84 crp. IJ. 10 x. 








— ATPAPHAA JUPOBJIEMA sp 4am Cb KpeCThaHCRHM'D 
apumeHiemb. Hay. 1906 r. 185 orp. I. 4 


— CYIIHOCTb ATPAPHOM TPO BITEMBL Orrbibaitt orrucr’S 
aBb nara » Haat upodmema‘. 1906 r. 32 crp. I. 6 &. 
OCY OBb HHTRJWIMTEHHIH. 1906 r. 108 crtp. 
bra 2 38 me Non. 


— HAKAHYH®. Usqy. 1906 r. 214 crp. II. 60 x. 

— ITPOrPAMMHBIE BOIIPOCHI. Bun. I. Ocuopausa nonomenin. 
J. 10 kon. Bum. Il. Acropauecria open dnocwuKH. I. 10 Kon. 

C. A. Casunnosa, POJ[bI CKOPBU (Bocnomuuania marepn). Han. 
1906 r. 64 crp. I]. 15 kon. 

fl. Tumowees. (TBM JKUBETb S8ABOJICKIM PABOUI. 
1906 r. 117 erp. Il. 4 

Hapay LUlypys. U3 BocnoMHHaHti HBMEIKALO PEROJIIO- 
TJOHEPA. 1907 r.—132 cmp. 

Buxrop> Yepnoss. MAP Cus A ATPAPHEIA BOMPOCb. 
HcropHro-KputTuiecki#t ovepre. 4. 1 Haz. 1906 ts I. 75 x. 

6. Sdpycw. ODEPKM na TOJTMTHMECKO SKOHO i Bane 
poe Hay. 1906 r.—274 a 

C. H. (Omaxosy. SPOBOMELE NETEPBYPT'b». pani 
Boxpyr> Asin. [lyresna Bnevatrbuia. Han. 1894 r.—350 orp. If. 1 p. 50 x. 
Ba crpanb xyHxy30sb uw TymaHoBD. — Ha Tenax, 

Nn. A. — 1. AxyCopwy, (Jl. Meanunen). (CiuXOTBOPEEIEL T. J. 
(1878-1897 IT.). IZamoe uan. 1903 r.—282 corp. I. 1 

WXOTBOPEHIA. T. II. (1898 — 1905). pemse, yono0n- 

seHHoe, u3y. 1906 r.—316 crp. I]. 1 p. 


— PYCCKAH MYSA. Cruxorsopenia » xapaxrepuctaxn 132 nosross. Kpa- 
cnBhiht ‘KOMNaKTHEAS TOME BB apa cron6ua; oKono 40.000 cruxos». Tlepepa6oragsoe 


nonoanennoe uaganie. 1907 r. I]. 1 p. 75x. 


Bb xoutops® <P. 6.» mpoyawrTca H HBKOTOPHA Tymia Hetaniz: 


Tanaepen wanccenb6yprcnuxt ysHutosy. Cb 29 noprpetamu, 30 6io- 

Hie 3p May. 1907 Tr. Bb DOUbsy OHBOIBXD ULucceILO. YEHHRKOBD. 
boa 3 
. Mearumnr (fl. ©. AnyConny). DIMCCEIBBYPCKIE MY4E- 

HARA. Bech ‘ancTHt cOopbh Bb Monbsy OHBINMXE mAMccenbypr- 
CKHXDb y3HHRoBd. Hay. 1906 r.—32 corp. I]. 15 x. 

M. @ponenno. MHJIOCTb. (Han aa 06% Aslerches- 
CROMb paBelHHh). Hag. 1906 r. 6 orp. it 10 x. 

Btpa Ourneps. CTUXOTBOPEHI Vian. 1906 r. 20 x. 

Be saunty caosa. CBOPHUKD CTATEN x ofuxoTeOPentt 
[V-e nayanie (ymemeBleHHoe) Seah nepembup. 225 cr OTL 75 K. 

Jam> UWannon. PPAHTA a. yu PEBO IH no Ba- 
KasaME 1789 roma. 1906 r ” PEBOu 

flanisnn Crepx. HCTOPIA PE ostOLlt 1848 r.—Hiea, 1907 r. 
Apa ToMa, 10 75K. KaxkaHi. 

C. H. Omaxosy. BOLIPOCHI HPOCBBINEHI. Ifbua 1 p. 50 x. 

— COUIOJIOFHYECKIE STIOUbI It (r. I pacuponaHp). 
Ibua 1 py6. 50 kon. 

ft.- Jl. Aaspost (MupTos). HAPOJIHHKK al PONAT AHUCTEI. 
Iibua 1 py6. 


(IPOTUBb COJHLA. 


I. 


llonkb CTOATE Bb pesepBHOH KONOHHS Ha TyMuaHOM®D Nor. 
Boab HB BoepeqH pachonoxenia Momka o1Na Qopora, 10 Apy- 
ry CTOpoHY KoTOpOH HaquHauch TaONAHOBHA MOJIA, MO1x0- 
ABBINA BINOTHYO Kb nosunig. Congzath, HacKyIHBb omuaa- 
Hi€Mb, COCTABHIH PYKbA H pasOpeNNCh Bb pa3sHHA CTOPOHH, a 
oPuLePH PacNONORAIHCh TYTh Ke TpyunaMnH 10 OaTaNBOHHO 
H, Bb BHAY MpOMONKATeEILHOH CTOAHKH, YCTPOHNHCh He 6e3b 
kompopta. OTB cOJHWa yCTpOeHH OHH HaBbCH Hab raorana, 
Ha SeMITB NOCTIAHW OYPKH, DataTOwRHA MONOTHHIUA; MOABHIUCH 
CaMOBaPH, BOAK8a, 3aKyCKa; OJHM HpalH Bb KapTH, Apyrie 
ciaaH HH, ye YTOMICHHHe OmUTAaHIeMb, OTHOCHIHCh Oeapaa- 
JHTHO Kb TOMY, YO Whnaoch BHepeyu, Ha Nosuyin, ThMb 60- 
rbe, ITO BBCTH OTTYIa UpHXxoqHIH BCe xopomia: aTaku Bcb 
OTOHBANHCh Cb OONDUIMMS YPOHOM®S JIA HenpiaTenA H He Ipen- 
BHIEBIOCh, ITOOM pesepBb MOI’b OHTL BHBBAaH'. 

Komaniuph nomka Muxaunrn [lapnopurn Crapmoss, anol 
H COCPeMOTOVCHEHH, TyYAANIb 10 Roporb Bepewu oka, maraa 
CBOBMA OOABIIHMH, TBEPAIHMH WaraMu. Takb ry1Alb Ob yore 
WBCKOJIBKO DHeH, BCe BPeMA, OKA NOMKb CTOHIB BL peseps's. 
IIpacaxuBasica Ha HBCKOAbKO MHHYTh, HO ycuAbTb AONTO He 
MOI"b, CHOBAa BCTABATb H HAIMA XOMKTS. Cb o*huepaMu OHS 
He MpoO6oBalb saroBapHBaTh, YYBCTBYA CeOA BHHOBaTHMD Me- 
peXb HHMH: TAaKb Ke, Kakb MM OHH, ONS MpeAMONarard, ITO MOK 
»saTHPaNTh“ 43-38 He-JINOBH Kb HeMY, KOMAaHUpy. 

— TIotepnaw oO KOHUa, — AYMaIb OH'b, — HW eCIH NOMKY 
wbAcTBHTeIbHO He YAaCTCA YUYACTBOBaTh Bb 3STOMb ABA, 
VHOY... OCTABIIO NOUKD... He Oyy MBmMAarTD... 

BpeMa OTb BpeMeHH OHb OCTAHABJIUBAICH H BHUMATeIbHO 
CMOTPBIE Ha BOSBHIMABIMIACA BUEPe TM COMKH, HO BCe, HACKOIbKO 
MOMHO OBO CYAMHTb, OHIO Bh NOpAAKs. 

— Hbrs, se nonagy Bb 6ol!—cb oTyanHieMb BOCKIMUaIb 
oH Wpo ce6a H TOra MpHXOAUNO eMy Bb LOMOBy, ATO CIB- 

Ansapp. Orabar |. I 





2 RAH J ‘b. ; 

myerb He TOADKO OCTABUTb HOAK'b, HO 4 3acTpbauteca. Kb 
yeMy OHNO wuTb? IloTpaTHTb BCI RXM3BHb Ha NOATOTOBKY Kb 
BOHHS, MeYTaTb O BOCHHOW ClaBh H pad HeA OTKAsAaTbCH OTb 
BCAKOH JMWHOM HU3HH, Kakb OH 9TO COBIaTb, WoMmacTh Ha 
BOMHY MH BC BpeMA, MOKA HAeTh TekepadbHoe cpaxkeHie — upo- 
CTOATh Bh pesepsb! Moxerh 3H ONTE MonoRenIe rayirbe 
sTOro? 

Ob BCBXB UX XOPOMIO 3Hab: KOMAHUpa Opurayh, Ha- 
YAIBHHKa AHBH3iH, KOMaHLMpa kKopmyca, — Bce ero JIMYHHe 
RparH, KOTOPHXh OHb peskpath Hw KOTOpHe ero OOANHCh, 
HenaBnaban. Wourmne, rayone mona! Kakaa mMenousocts! Bb 
STOTb TOPHKECTBEHHHM MOMeCHTS, KOrWa YMHPalwTb AeCATKH TH- 
CAYb Mole, ObWTCA Bb CYAOporaxh, AO6ATS WO GesyMia w He- 
HaBHAATh O GeslamMATCTBa, — Bb 9TOTbh MOMCHTS CBOMTb MeJI- 
Kie, Wane CIETH UW AepwaTbh pawn Toro BB 6eaybucrsin wy4- 
uu MOK, apMiu! 

—- Heyskean, OTHOCHCh WOX06HHMb OO6pas0Mb Kb Why, 
LYM@I0Th OHM NOOBAHTh? JTO HEBO3MOMHHO, 3TO HeTbMO!..—Boa- 
Mymadca Muxannb [lapioBHyb uw, OCTAHOBMBOIHCh, CTaIb CMO- 
TPpBTb Ha MOBHIILIO. 

Be0 CIMMIKOMB WO3qHO WIA YTPCHHUXD aTakb, UPOUsBo- 
IUMHX ANOHUAaMH OOHKHOBEHHO Ha pascBBrb, HW OHIO paHo 
WIA JHCBHHXD aTak’b, Takb Kakb He OHIO elle AeBATH YaCOBb 
yTpa,—TBMb HeoxKuTaHAbe ONO TO, YTO Muxausrs IlapnoBugahb 
VBHABIb. : 

Tipb Hatuiu OaTapen, pacnoJOxxkeHHHA Bb CBANOBABB Ha 
CKIOHB CHa H MOTOMY XOPOWO BUAUMHA, 8AMOIKIM; Opymia 
CTOAUH Ha MOsHWin, HO UpHCIyru Mpw HHXDS He 6HI0,—,,BBpo- 
ATHO, Bb MOKeMCHTAXb”“, — NOyMayb Muxaurb [lapnopuys. 
IloBuaquMOMY, HM Apyria Hall OaTapeH, HeEBHAWMHA 3a Traous- 
HOMb, OHH He Bb NYIMeMS NoMoxeHIn, Takb Kakb HeNpis- 
TeIbCKAA apTHINepia coOpasa MOUTH BeCh CBOH OTOHb Ha Bie- 
peau Jexalueh mpomonropaTol couKb, 3aHATow cTpbIKOBH MY 
okonamu. IipoqonroBaTad colkKa 9Ta, 3y6uaTHMb rpeOHeMb CBO- 
UM’b YIUHPaBWaAcA Bh HeOo, Kasaloch, Trop bia, Kakb eCIH Ob 
ch‘buana 6a Hab WepeBa. Y2ke He BHA OWI OTAbIbHNe 
MOJIOUHO-ObIbe MapwkKu, o6osHayaBlie paspHBH MpatHenek, 
Hal Tpe6HeEMD CT.lalacb CIMOMHaA Helena Obaro WHMa, KO- 
TOpasd CMYCKAIACh TO XJONbAMH, TO MOyupo3paiHok ByaJbn, 
KallIpH3Ho 6polleHHOH BBTPOMb, Ha CKIOHE-Cloda, a 10 NOKpH- 
Bay STOMY OBrau saiiyukn, OYTO MaJIbYnWIKH Habe TYTa_ 
H [pasHuA KOrO-TO 8epKaJIOMb,—TO, He CMOTpA H& COJHCUHHIA 
JleHb, Bb WHMY CBepKadu OrHH pBaBUIMXxca Uipannene. Mnorma 
TO TaM’b, TO 31'bcb MYWHCTad BaTa pascTylanacb, 1aBad MBCTO- 
cToI6aMb YepHaro AbiMa; yakie — BHM3y, WIHpoKle — KBepxy, 
TONOH 9TH TAaKKe OHCTPO HCVesAI, KaKb HW NOABNAIACb,—TO 


HPOTHBS COAHIA. 3 


PBANMCL DIMMO3H; 3106Haro peBa MX 38 pascTosHiemsb He OHJ0 
CANDIHO. 

Muxanib DasnoBpatb 6b Nopaxest sto KapTunon. HB- 
CKOIBKO MHHYTb TOMY Hasal'b CMOTPBIb ONS AA BTY CAaMyW 
comRY H BCe OHNO CIIOROHHO, a Telepb? 

YtTo6H WO6opoTh oxBaTuBilee ero BoHeHie, Muxanap L[la- 
BIOBHYS MOBeCPHYJICA HabBO, OTCYHTAIB MO Aoporb ABaqwatL 
MaroBh, NOTOME UpomMelb ITH Ke DBAAWaTh WaroBh Hasal’b u 
OCTAHOBHJICA H& pexHemb MBCTB. SHateHie CoBepmaBmaroca 
Ha NO3sHUiH OH UpekpacHo nOHHMarD. Yepe3b 4acb Ha 9TOH 
COUKB He OCTAHETCA 3alllHTHHKOBb, a TB, ITO OCTAHYTCA, He 
6yAYTb Bb COCTOAHIH NOMbUaTh HeNpiaTenbcKoH mbxoTsh 3a- 
HAT COUKY. Yme H Tenepb BHAHH OHM ODMHOUHHe JOH, 
cObraBilie 10 KpyTOMY CKNOHY CONKH BHH3b. BIO ACHO, ITO 
NOIKb, HBCKONBKO AHeH OescmbHHO ApaBmifica Ha 9TOH NosH- 
Wid, He BHyepxuTb. baaroropbHie nepexwb TopxecTBeHHOH MH- 
HYTOH, HACTYNaBlleH JA HeTO H UNA UONKAa, H 3106HaA pazOcTh 
pa3qaBHTb CBOHXb JMIHHXDb BparoB'h, THX, ITO MBUWANTS emy, 
cMBmasHCch Bb yb Muxauna [JapnoBuya; Ou, XoTbIb U He 
MOrb MOJHTBCH. 

— Hbrb, a euse He Banh co6ol, — MHCIeHHO pBUIMID 
OHb H ele pasb UpoOMleNb Bsagb HW BuepenB TB xe ABalWaTb 
maroBh H, BEPHYBIIHCh Ha MBCTO, CHAIb Pypakky UU CTaTb 
MONHTBCA, Dlemya ry6aMH MOJMTBY, KOTOPYH TYTS Xe UMIIpo- 
BH3HpoBasrb. 

MouutTBa 9Ta yCoKOHHa ero. OH 3aCTaBHI'b Cce6A Bb AYMUB 
IpHMHPHTbCA CO BCBMH CBOHMH BparaMi H IIpOCTHJIb HMB BCe, 
(Bb OXHOMD DYAKTB NOKPHBUNb ZyMo#, — modopoTh ano6y Kb 
KOMaHIupy Opuragh He MOIb, HO ONpaBsanb ce6a THM, TO 
reHepayb 9TOTb OHIb OYTO 6H BpeHHH H axe onacHHH 
WHA [bia WWIOBBKS), PackanJICA, MpHshald rp'BOIHHMA CBOH 
YECTOJIOHBHA MeITH HM MOKIAJICH NpuHecTH CeOA Bb xXKeprTBy, 
He TpeOya HHKaKOH Hal'payH. 

CopepmienHo OBA BBS Co6oH, OHb CBOMMb OOHUHMIMD, p'b3- 
KHMBb H KPHKIMBHMB PONOCOMb KPHKHYJID: 

— AybwtTauTs! Ilepexatbh Bb poTH, ITOOH HeMeWIeHHO pos- 
Mann uo02amp o6byb! Wopuin cnparats, a cy «pbetb... He- 
MeIIeCHHO!.. 

AINBNTAHTS, OOHKHOBEHHO Oes3IIpeKOCIOBH.  lcHOJHABLUIIi 
UpHKasabifi CBoero HavabHbkKa, Tellepb, NOWaBMNCch oOmleMy 
HACTPOeHiN, NOsBONHIb ceOb HalOMHUTR Muxaity Tapnosayy, 
¥YTO He OHO ele H ZeBATH YWacoBh H COB ith OHO paHo. 

— He pascyaxyzats!—B3BusrHy1b Crapui0Bb,—¥4ToOb JA 
TOPONHAUCh BcTb, a TO UpHKasy BHBepHYTS KoTJH!.. 

OTOTh YONOCh, 9TOTh TOHS, HeaBHO Ka3zaBillilica BCeMY 
HOAKY O4APOBATeIbHLM'b, MMCHHO TAKMMb, KaKUMb QOIKOHL 

1* 





4 Ha HB At. 


OHNb FOBOPHTb HadawJIbHuKb, BOSMYTHIb OMUePpOBb HU ONL, 
yero H¥MKOraa Dpeayel He OHBaNo, BHONToN0cCa BHpaKaH 
CBOe HeYMOBOJbCTBie. 

— Bb BOCeMb WaCOBb yTpa H3BOb OOBzaTp!.. Haat Hamu 
KYP&KHTCAH, & Cb HAYAIbHHKOMDb DHBH3iN He OFeHB-TOl.. 

— Kako aususiu! Ob cb OpuraqupoMb ToBopuTb He MO- 
HETD!.. 

— Bors 4 cayxu TyTS! — BOCKIHKHYI'b OXHHS 3b por- 
HHXDb KOMABJHPOBb HW MaXHYJIb pPyKOH Ch TaKHMb BHIOMD, 
Kakb OyATo BMBcTB Cb O6BIOMb MponasaiuH uM BCA ero pora, uM 
OH'b CaM. 

Ho npyHkasabie BCe-TaKH OHIO HCIOMHEHO, H COANaTH, CTOJ- 
NHBIINCh BOKPYr'b NOAEBXaBIIMXD KYXOHb, CTalWH HadwpaTbh BS 
KOTeIKH Topayili, elje He COBCBMb TOTOBHA CYNb 8b TYMuB- 
HOM KpylH. 

Muxanib [laBnoBuqb BepHyJicd Ha cBoe MBCTO H CTa'b 
ONT CMOTPBTb Bb OMHOKNb. Bb 9TO BPeMA Kb HEMY NOJO- 
weNnb cHHB ero [lypa. 


Il. 


AsekcaHnpb Muxaiinosuyp Ctrapmosb uzun Iilypa, kKakp 
ero MOMpocTy Ha3HBasdW TOBapHIM, pocToMb, durypow, ame 
JIMUOMb YUWBHTCIBHO NOXOLMIDB Ha OTOAa H OHAKO Bb MpoTu- 
BONONOKHOCTH CMY IPOUsBOAUIb BUeIaTrbHie xakoe, 6esBOb- 
Hoe. Korma 6panb Ob KO3HpeKb, TO HEH3MBHHO CKJIOHAJIb 
rouOBy Ha OOK, Kak’b 6yYOTO eMy OHIO HeEBO3MOXHO MOAHATL 
ipaBy!l0 pyKy BHIMe, a ecu ero paciekanu, HW OHDb Hyraica, 
& IlyrasicA OHB WacTO, Ha yIaxb pTa NOABIANAaCh yNIHOKA H 
YBMb OO0bINe Ha HerO KpHdaH ero BOCOUTAaTeEIH, TAM TDY- 
He eMY OHJIO COrHaTh Cb WHna yaHé6ky. Onna ota yHOKa 
Whaana ero, 10 MH'BHIW OTIa, COBEpMIeHHO HeNpwroxHHMb Kb 
BOCHHOU cay ROB. 

— Kaxertca, pce ca‘baano! Konyunb kopnych, yume, a 
HO1YWHNOCh YOPTh sHaeTh ATO!—BOCKIMNAIb cTapHRb Crap- 
IMOB, BCNOMHHAA, KAKL Ob CaMb, OKOHYMBD JIHOIb WecTh 
KaCCOBb TVMMHasiH, MOCTYOHIb BONLHOOUPeMBAAWLIHMCH uM 
HIpoouJICA Bb TAH 6e3b BCAKOH NOLTeEpRKH, Bb TARKeION, cy- 
poBow o6cTaHoBK. 

Illypy BosMyliauo Takoe OTHOWMeHie Kb HeMy ‘oTHa, Tak 
Kakb CaMb OHb He TONbKO He CIBTAID ceba HeCNOCOOHHME 
Kb BOCHHOM ciyR6B, HO OHJIb HONOHb YeCTONNWOKBHXS Ha- 
eRIb, yKe TOBOpHAb oO ceOb, kakb 06b o*uulepb reHnepass— 
Haro WiTa6a, XOTA He OHIO elle H Toga, KaKb OHb OKOHWAB 
Vauuule, yKe KPHTHKOBAIb HAaWIbHHKOBb WW TOBapamel, ia 


NPUTHBS COAHMA. § 


YYBCTBOBaJI'b CeOA CTOAIIUMB MHOTO BHIMe HX’. Camo co6ok 
NOHATHO, ITO OTHOWeHIA MexXTy OTOOMb H CHHOME He MOFIH 
6Tb HOPMaNbAWMH. [lypa Brateb o6oxanb oTua, ACKalb 
COIN3HTbCA Cb HHM'b, DOITOMY Ht BHIMeCIb Kb HEMY Bb MOK; 
Muxanrb xe [laBnoBuYb 4e-10BBKb CypOBHH, 3aMKHYTHH, BCe- 
WB10 H HCKJIOUHTEIbHO MOPrAOWeHHHH HWHTepecaMH CuyxXOn, 
OTBHEMIH OnaroqapaA paHHeMy BosctTBy (MaTb Lilypy ymMepaa 
Hocib MWepBHX'b Ke POMOBb) OT BcAKarp OOulecTBAa, OHIb He- 
OpiaTHO nopaxenb THM’, ITO CHHb, KOTOPHMb OH CoBep- 
MeHHO He 38HHMMA@ICA, XOTA HU BUABINCH OHH exKerogqHo BO 
BpeMA ABTHUXD Bakallif, BAPylb, He CUPOCACh ero, BHIUMeTb 
Kb H€MY BD Il0NKb WM ABHJICA Cb KAKMMH-TO TIpeTeH3iAMH, Ka- 
KHMH-YO0 DpaBpaMH BMBIUATbCH Bb CFO MH3Hb, HAPYOIUTh Nopa- 
JOKb, KOTOPHH O'S CUMTANS HesHONeMHM'. Kb tomy xe Ilypa 
eMY IIQJIO3KUTEIbHO He HPaBHJICA HW OHS TOTYACh xe p'BUIAIS 
OTh HeErO OCBOOOAHTBCA H Hada'b Cb TOrO, ITO Cb OONTHOH 
PB3KOCTHDNH UPeAIOKUIb CMY KATL OTALAbHO, a WOTOM Upen- 
Nowarantb yalHTb HW BOBCe H8b NONKa H He HCNOAHUN VTOro 
0 CHXb M0pb JIMODIb MOTOMY, ITO TONKB NonaNb Ha BOHHY U 
no coo6paxeHisMb Muxausa Tlapnopuya Bb nepBoMdb xe WIS 
HOIKeHS OHIb OTIMIHTLCH H CUBAOBATEIBHO ero, cTapara 
NOUKOBHHKa, AOURHH OYAYTb BOel-HeBOeH MpOHsBeCTH Bb 
rehepasbH HW waTb Opurany, a Ulypa, sHaqurs, MoxeTh OCTATECA 
Bb NOJKY. 

YBH, HaexTaMb STUMB He CyKMeHO OHNO ONpaBsarEca! 
lonkb yxe YeTBepTHH MBCALS OID Ha TeaTpb BOCHHHX'D 
wBHCTBIA, BCe BPeMA MpOBeIb Bb MOxoy'b, KoyA sb OMHOrO 
OTpana Bb Apyrou, YKpBUIAA WosHyik, Ha KOTOPHXb I0TOM'’b 
apanhich fpyrie, H He TOAbKO HH pa3y He NpHUIM0Ch OTIH- 
YHTBCA, HO HH pasy He IIPHWIIOCb OpvHATD yuactie Bb 
CKOUbKO-HHOyIb Cepbe3sHoMb Abb! Bano HBCKONDKO Nepe- 
CTpBaokb, HO H TO BO BpeMA Oe38KOHCYHHXb OTCTyMIeHili. 
Tenepb lerb reHepasibuH Oo u07b JisosHOMb, Ha KOTOPHIt 
apMiAA aBHO yxKe BOsI0OxKMIA BCH CBOM Hasex TH; kKasasoch, 
YTO HADCKAH ITH OMH3KH Kb OCYIIECTBIeEHII, OTOBCIOAY Npu- 
XOUHIH H38BBCTiIA 066 ycnBxb, a NONKD BCe CTOAND BB pe- 
3zepBb! Bao OTb Yero UpuATH Bb oTuaduie! H Bb sTOMD BHHO- 
Barb GHJIb HeCHOCHHM xapaktepb Muxausa [Japnopuga,—tak, 
Do Kpadnel mbps, ropopuiu omulepH, XOTA OHM Ke HEesaouro 
nepexrb ThMb HaxoqunH Muxauaa Jlapnopuya BHanuluMca 
DOAKROBHMb KOMAaHLHPOMDb H Takb xe, Kak’b H OHS CaM’b, OHI 
JBBPeHH, ITO MOMS eFO HAaaIbCTBOMb NMONKY YAacTcA OTMH- 
YHTHCA, HO Kakb Wpexae LTOPAUIHCh UMb, Mpollah eMmMy TA- 
KOH, CYPOBHH XapakTep', Takb Tellepb NOHOCHIH, BCMOMH- 
faq BCAKIA MeJIO4H. 

Iilypa Bce ero BpeMa epmascnA Bb CTOPOUS OTS TOBApPHILBS, 


fj HAH Qf tb. 


YVBCTBYA, ITO CTBCHACTH UX, a TeMepb MOMOMIeENb OH'b Kb 
OTHY, ITOOH CKasaTb, ITO GECTHHe NWA Takb He MOCTYNAaWTS, 
YTO OH’ He MMBeTS pasa ,ry6uTb* OONKb, ITO OHS WOMKeYDd 
OCTaBHTb NONKb UT. 0. Boo6me ofb ACHO He NpelcTaBIAnh 
ce6b, ITO OHDL CKaxKeTS OTLY, & NAT MHHYTS HAasal'b A BOBCe 
He lpeqM0larasb TOBOPHTS Cb OTIUOMb, HO Ch HUM YRbTAKD 
Bcerga cayyanoch! Ene Bb KkopnycB, OnBalo, CHABTS CMApHO, 
THXO, UHTAeTh KHWKKA MW BApPyrb HH Cb TOrO, HH Cb Cero 
Takoe BHKMHeETS, ITO BC'S, H TOBAPMOIM, A BOCNMTATeJIH, TOKO 
PYKAMH pasBORATh; NoMakeTh Bb Kaplleph, OTCHAUTH, HM OATS 
Huyero 20 HOBarO cuydan. Ha aTOTB pasb, BMIpOweM'b, MBICJIb 
YCTPOUTb CKaHab OTHY UpHIoa eMy Bb TouOBy He CaMmMo- 
CTOATEJIbHO,—Ha 9TO TOJKHYyJa ero EspreHia CranuciaBoBHa 
BDyuIKOBa, KeHa OaTaNbOHHAarO KOMAHAApa, WamMa, Cb KoTOpOoH 
OHNb OHb BE ONM3KHXD OTHOWMECHIAX’d. 

Camb DH UKOBL, TAKCIOBBCHHA MYX YHHA, OHJIb Heylay- 
HHKb TIO IIpeHMyIMecTBY, axe UCKIIOYHTeIbHO HeyYatHHRd, 
Takb Kak'b BCS ero KavyecTBa U AOCTOHHCTBa OescrbaAHO Teps- 
uch 6NaroyqapA ero HeynaqiuBocTH. He To, YoOH OD OHJI'b 
riyi'b, WIM He yYMBIB padoTaTh, HIM He xBaTayO eMy %eCcT- 
HOCTH, — HH4dyTb! Bo MHOrHXxb OTHOMeHiAxbh OWT OHS TO- 
JIOBOIO BHI CBOUXD COCIYHXHBUCBb, HO Cb TOTO MOMeHTa, KAK'E 
OKOHYHID OHb akalemii0 TreHepasbHaro wiTa6a 0 2-My pas- 
pany, yyacTb ero 6a pboiewa,—oub Noah BB Hey TaHAKH. 
OTH COTHA Oana, KOTOPHXS He XBAaTHIO eMY, ITOOH CTaTb 
BpOBeHb CO CBOMMH TOBapulaMu 0 akayemiv, SesnoBOpoTHo 
Nory6uew ero; BCTpBTHAH ero Bb NOIKyY nocrb akagzeMi Ha- 
cMBIIKAaMH, Kak HeytaqHuka, HW OND 3HaJ'b, ITO Kakb OX AU 
CTApPAJICA, KaKb OH HM CIYHXHI'b,—TOBApHOeH ON’ BCe-TAKH HE 
JOrOHUTh, YTO Takb WH YMPeCTL HeYAaHvKOMS, UPHMUPHICA C’k> 
9THMb HM 9TO MONORANO OTMeYAaTOKb Ha BCH eFO JaIbHBULLY kD 
mbatembHocts. Ho tyTb Hama ero Esrenia CranuciaBoBHa , 
SHEPrHIABAIAN ocoba, BHPOCINaAA Bb NOIKY MW 3HaBMad BC ES 
BXOJH HW BHXOTH, #XeHHIa ero Ha ceOB H pbmMuTeILHO 1O— 
NOKIA He MHTbEMD, TAK KaTanbeMb BHIBHHYTb Mya. MatTpre — 
rOoBaTb HEYCTaHHO, HelpePpHBHO OHNO ef NOTPeOHOCTEN, CTONb 3 <= 
eH IpucyuleH, kKakb Wpucyme Nayky WiecTb WayTHHy, alien 
co6upaTb Mey’b. Ona nozKyNala HW onpalivpana flame TeHe, — 
UIMKOBb, 3Haa BCe, ITO WbaeTCA Bb NOAKY, Bb Opurayb, Bb AEX — 
BU3in, BMBUIMBAIACh pBIUTeIbHO BO BCS CYKCOHHA, COMCHH be sy 
W WOOOBHHA Wha Tocnorb ounepows. Bb yMb, cMocodHOcTH y, 
TAIAHTH CBOero CyMpyra OHA OFeHb CKOPO ToTepsAda BCAKYy ae: 
Bbpy, HaequHb He HashBadia ero HHade, Kakb Moubka-uio ay 
HH DouEKa-6O1BaHh, H Wake HBCKOJNIbKO pasb NpoodoBala Ole-yr y 
ero 110 ISOM, pasipaxkaBuieH ee, HO 9TO ye BHBeIO Ades. 
Hacia HukonaeBHya usb Tepn'buin UW TOrAa pPashlpaUch OY > 


_ 


HPOTHBS COABITA. 7 


HHA CHeEHH. OTB MpOyYHX MOIKOBNIXS JaMb oTMYaNach ona 
TBMb, ITO, BEAA HHTPHTH BO BCE CTOPOHH, OHA, OJHAKO, Myaty 
He HaM’BHAIa, HO H 9TO WBIAN0Ch He Bb CHIY kKakoro-1460 
NpHHUHOAa, & ENHHCTBEHHO NOTOMY, ITO He CIYIHIOCL ef BCTPB- 
THTh HAaXOOHOCTH Bb 3STOMD, & MOKasaocb ef, ITO HeEOOXxOqHMO 
HYRHAPO GeNOBBKAa IPHABABATh KDB ce6Ob nompowsbe, ona, He 
KoneONACh, CABlala ero CBOAMB JNO6OBHUKOMS. CAYINNOCh 
aTo cB Ulypo#. Karums od6pasom’t Lilypa o6mManymb ee u No- 
Rasasica eH HYKHHMb eJOBBKOM’, OHIO COBepeHHO Hen0- 
HATHO H 10 9TOMY MOBOLY Bb NOAKY MHOTO CMBAJIHCh, BIIpO- 
yeMb H cama Eprenia CTaHuciaBoBHa TOTIACh xe MOHAMA, ITO 
cTBlata WpoMax, HO 6HJIO yxRe NO3MHO. 


II. 


\ 

Cb HaYaOMb BOHHH, KOra BHACHHIOCb, ITO MONKS Hersh 
BB Manaxypin, 060Bb, KAKB-TO camo co6oli Takb BHO, a 
aaa Esresia CranucnaBoBun, H aaa Iyph oTomnma Ha caMn 
saai muah. Esrensia CtTavuciaBoBHa, mocibaHee BpeMs 
YHYCTHBIUAA 3b BEA OCHOBHYN WBAAb CBOW, Tellepb Bocmpa- 
HY1a AYXOMb H Cb HOBO! BHepried NpPHHANAch 8a paooty; ef 
TempeMBaHHO HYXHO OHIO BxXaTh Cb NOTKOMb BL Manwxypin; 
TOeTHO Opotectospanb Adauacia Hukonaesuys; WoBeeHHHE 10 
OTUYAAHIA, OHS Take ,1OIOKLIB Ha Hee‘ KOMAaHDNpy Moka, 
IpOCd IpHHAT MBPH, ITOOH eM Bb 3MeNOHB He OH10,—oHnAa 
‘Bpoero HOOBIaCh H Bb KavyecTBB CeCTPH MHN0CepAiA ABHAACh 
sb JlaosnHb. OTcola AWhaana ona MepionuyeckH Hab3sqH Ha 
My#a, He OCTAHABIIHBAACh Pp BUIHTeIbHO HH llepelb SM, A 
J0Mm1a WO Toro, uTO Nocrbawia ABb Hexbuu nepenb JI a0KH- 
CKAMB 60CMB OHA BL KOCTOMB COWlaTAa MOCeIHNACh Bh NatatTKh 
Myma, TBePplO PBUIMBUIMCh He TNOKHAaTb omkb. Maxanrs 
TaBOBHYb, KOHEYHO, He MoAOsphBaJlb sTOTO H HHKTO eMy He 
JoKIanHBanb. OdulepH Bb 6O,DIMHCTBS OHM HeEAOBObEM 
UPHCYTCTBIeMS KeCHIAAH Bb Jarep'b, Takb KAaKb OHA BeCbMa 
CTBCHAN2 HXb, HO UpOTecToBaTh TpOMKO He CMBIM H3b YYBCTBA 
TOBAPHINecTBa H, ITO BCerO CTPaHH'be, ,M0-TOBAPHIWeCKH* OTHO- 
CHIHMCb OHH He Kb caMOMY BHYUKOBY, KOTOPHH OHIb OM ame 
pamb OCBOOOAHTBCH OTB cynpyru, a Kb ,CranucnaBuxB“, 
cymMBBmeH CABNATECA WeHOMB NONKa; ee MO-TOBAPUIMMeCKH Mpe- 
iyopexianu, mpatanu oTh Muxauna [lapaopaya. Kb Tomy xe 
oHa Halga ce6b MHOroO MOKIOHHHKOB, OCO6eHHO CpeqH MOJO- 
yexn. Bb sToK o6cTaHoBKB OHA, Bb CBOCMB TYIOBHINHOMS 
RocTIOMS, 10Kasalacb MHOrHMb MHMJIOBHAHOH HW WHKaHTHOU,—BCe 
eH OO, W Dalaxa, IPAgHas, COUaTcKad Cb KJIOUbAMHM Kpallle- 
HOM WMepcrTH, H WHHeNb, TOPIaBMad ropooMb H Ha CMH, u 


8 HAR L . 


Ha TpyH, WU cMa3Hbe calor. OKo0 Hea Bcergza OHO NO Kpail- 
Hei MBpB 2Ra, TPH TBIOXPAHHTeIA, KAKb OHA AXD HAasHBala. 
Torna u lypa scnoMHund 0 CBONX’> 1paBax’d Ha Hee, OAMaKO OHA, 
BOSMYINCHHaA ero HEBHHMAHieMS KB ceOb, OT OOBACHEHIH Cb 
HHMDb JONTO yKIOHATACh. Ho, Korma BB TonoBh ef cosphiub wWeé- 
THH niaHb H lypa ef novHanobuica, 0Ha caMa OTIpaBHsaach 
wuckaTb ero. []uaHb ef 3aKIWUaICA Bb TOM’, YTOOH BOCHIOIL- 
Z0BaTbCA HACTpoeHiemh O*uLyepowd yu, upH nomomn Llypy, y6s- 
JMTb HH 3acTaBHTb CTapmoBa panoproBaTbCcaA 6OOJIbHHMS 
CUaTb KOMAHOBaHie NOIKOMb BwakoBy. Ona 6a CoBepmeHHo 
yOBxeHa BB OCYINCCTBUMOCTH STOO Taha HW BCe 3aBHC'BIO, NO 
ef MHBHI0, Hb OTb TOrO, Kakb NopegeTh ceda Ilypa. 

Ulypa, 6aBwia Bh OTYaHHiA OT TOrO, ITO NONKD He DO- 
1ajaeTb Bb Oo, Tak Ke, KAKS HW OOMBMIMACTBO O*PHILEPOBb Ay- 
M&JIb, YTO ,MOIKb Mponatqaerb* m0 BHH'B Muxanna [lapnoBaya. 
Tlonoxenie ero 6HA0 ThMB Oombe HelpiaTHoe, ITO OPUNEPH BL 
ero NpHcyTcTBid CTBCHAIHCh TOBOPHTh, YMOMTKaIH OpH ero MpH- 
6yuxKeHIH, ITO OHIO NOHATHO, TAKS KaKd 31060 THA ONJ'D He- 
BHHOCHMHY, HeEBOSMOKHHA XapakTeps oTua ero, MOMWYTHO BCIIO- 
MHHaJIH, KOHEYHO, pasHbe HeJIeCTHHe AIA Hero C'lyyau, ITO 
WbraTb OHIO HeyXO6HO Bb UpucytTcTBin chHa. OOuxeHHHH A 
OCKOPOJeCHHHY, OHb YUleNIb OTHBCHXS H JeKAT Bh CTOPOHS, 
3ABEPHYBIUMCh Cb TONOBONW Bb Oypry. 

TyTb-TO HM Halla ero KEerenia CTanuciaBoBHa MW CTrala j0- 
Ka3HBaTb CMY, 4TO OH'b, CTapwlit CHHB (0 TOM, 4TO OHS 
He CTOJIbKO CTaputiv, CKONJbKO eCXHHCTBEHHHH, OHA 3a6HNAa), 
He TOJbKO MOKeTb, HO MU JOUKeHD ,MOBIIATh Ha OTA“. 

— Jlonymat, Ulypa, ronyMai, (ona caMa, UpeactaBuBh ce6b 
BTY BOSMORKHOCTS, IPHUla Bb CHIbHOe BOZOyaDeHIe), — ANOHNH 
pa3s6uTH, OTCTyYMaWTb, Hamlw WpecrbAywrb, & MH CTOHMD! JO 
KOHIIa IpOCcTOuMB Bb pesepBb! UWro xe 9To Takoe? 

YO6boutTs Ulypy wuyero He cTOUNO; OND BAPYb NO6OMBANBAD, 
cepaue ero 3a6H10Cb, Bb BUCKAaX'’b 3acTy vaio. 

— Xopomio, 4 uzy!—cOpachBaa OypKy HB BCTaBad,CKazaJ'b OH'D. 

baBUHHY, Cb CHIbHO ObIOWIMMCA CepaleMb, Ch BHPaskeHieM’b 
OTYaAHIA Ha JHU'B, OHS HEBOJLHO OOpaTH'b Ha Ce6A BHUMAHie 
OPULEPOBh, MAMO KOTOPHXS Upoxoguhb. KTO-TO oYeHb He KCTATH 
CbhOCTPHID. 

— Uro, Ulypa, o6byatp kt oruy unete? Haute, unute!.. Ont 
BaCb HaKOpMHTP!.. 

Kapiyma, ero pOTHHH KOMaHABpb, CXBaTHIb ero 38 PyKaBb, 
MIbiTAaACh OCTaHOBHTb, HO Ll ypa rpy6o BHpBaJca. 

— Octaspte! He same abu0!—uctepHyeckH KPpHKHYJb O'b, 
OTTAIIKUBaA TOOpbumaro Kalutana. 

— Touy6aaKkt, Muni, ycnokolTech!—pacTepsHHo 6opMoTasr'b 
Kapayila, ABKOTOpoe BpeMA UA 3&8 HUM CBIOM>. 


HPOTMBD COMMA. 9 


Ho 60 yxe moazHo. Ilypa, kakb sarunmHoTasupoBanHHnd, 
Werb Kb cBoeH USI DNA TOTO, ITO6GH CkKasaTh pasy, mpuzy- 
MaHHY) HMb BO BpeMA paszroBopa co CranucnaBuxof. Dpasza 
9T& H&aIMHalach C1OBaMyv: —,,OTeWb, Kak’ cTapmift TROH CHE (4 
OHB 3a6HJ'b 4TO OHS BCeLO JHMIb CXHHCTBCHHH) A HamoMHHaw 
TeOB TBOH Zomrs!..“ OTHUMb TOpReCTBEAHHMB BCTYMIeHiemb wa 
»TH“, KOrZa OOHTHO FOBOPHTb OH OTLY ,,BU“, H OpaHHdHBa- 
I0Cb TO, ITO OHD IPUAYMab; TO Ona, TAKS CKaszatTs, PBUICH- 
Had 4acTb, a ITO MpOvsOKAeTH Mabe, OHS He 3Halb U OOD 
STOMB He AyYMANb, CMYTHO UpeAYYBCTBYHA, ITO TOBOPHTh Table 
Muxausrp Ilapnosuyb, BCeraa CTPeMHTeJILHHM UH pBUOIHTeILHMH, 
CMY He NO3BONHTb. OHb FYBCTBOBANS, YTO WONKHO Mpousolru 
4GTO-TO Oez06pasHoe, H 9TO Oesz06pasHoe NapamH30BaN0 eru BOI 
M HeyepRUuMO BEKO Kb ceos. 

CayyaHHo Muxaunt [Iapnopudb o6epHyica uw yBuobIDd 10;1- 
XOMMBMaro Kb HEMY CHa. 

— Uro re6b?—n, we Noxugadch OTBbTa, CBOHML pb3kHMb 
(PaNbUeTOMb KPHKHY.1b,—HAH Ha M‘bcTO! Mab aAexkorgal! 

OTo HelpenBaabunoe o6cTonterbcTBo c6ua0 Ulypy cb ero 
JHHIH, 00 KOTOPHH OHS He YCN bb DOKATUTECA 20 Kou. 

— HA pullers... A CIHTAO CBOHMb AOALOMB Mpeaxylpesuts 
BaCb... BaMH He JOBOJIBHH, BH AOJURHH ViiTH...—CcoBeplleHHO 
pactTepsxHBHH, 6Gopmorans Ilypa. 

Muxanut [lapi0su4dt, 3aHATHH CBOMMH MHC.1AMG, He CY Wa 'b 
uw He cunmMars Ulypy, 40 anbwTaHnTh, CTOABLOIM TYTb xe, [10- 
DATHIICA Hasay’b. 

— JJoHOCHTb,—MeJbKHYIO y Hero Bb ronoBb. 

Bimxalitiaa rpyaua oduneposs 1-ro 6aTasILoHa, XOTA HW He 
pascanmiana oTueTiuso cosh Llypy, wo Toxe ucoyranacs; 
¥C0e-KTO MOTHXOHbKY CTaIb OTCTYNAaTh Hasanb, 604Cb WouacTecA 
yia raza KOMaHAUpY. 

— OTcTaHb, apectyi! — KpHKHYJIb Muxanrt [lapsoBudb 
Iilyps, puga, 4To TOTb BCe ele BEpTHTCH y Hero MOA’b HOTaMH. 

To, uTo yBunbub Crapwopb Ha uoO3sHiv, Wopasuno ero. Bch 

wperbunymie tun Muxaugtb [apnopuyb uo camMb B3qub, A 10- 
CHIMa'b Ha NOsHUIW OPULEPOB MW OXOTHAKOBb UH MOTOMY HMBIB 
TOGHHA CBBIBAIA O TOMB, ITO AhAaeTCA TaMb, HO Bb TOTS 
JLG Hb, Kakb Ha 310, Ch YTpa YYBCTBOBAIb OH YTOMMeHie, BH- 
UB} KPyroMb HEAOBOJLCTBO H, 3aHATHH coOoH, CBOHMH HeBe- 
CeJIHMU MHCIAMH, YOYCTHIb pacnOpAAHTECA, a OXOTHHKOBD Co 
Bue PallHAro BeYepa WA yYero-TO MoTpedoBanb Kb ceOb KoMaH- 
nuHph Oparaqy, NOsTOMy OH AKGero He 3Halb O TMoMOKEeHIN 
Be mel Ha TO3HKIH; Bb OHHOKIb Ke OHO ACHO BUAHO, UTO TAaML 
yBo¥anocb 4T0-TO Hexopomiee. ApTusinepilickili oroHb c1a6brb 
Ww paEpanvenw pce yale WU Yallle saris WBalH cwoza, UO ITY 
CTOPOHY COMKH, — OFeBUAHO, Cb TOK CTOPOHH MoAxoauAa He- 
4 


10 HAH qt ‘b. 


apiatenbckan u'bxota. Tlomkb, 3aHuMaBOii nosuuin, 6b, 
OYCBUAHO, CHJIbHO pascTpoeHb WH OHNO BUIHO, Kakb py 
110 UAT, TeCATh H Jake TBallaTb WeNOBBKD OpocarM MosHLil 
uw Oba BHHSb. Muxans IlapnoBuyb XOpoMmo 3Hab STy COMKY 
H NOHMMAI'b, ITO CCIM DaTb HeNpiATeNbCKOH N'BXOTSB yTBepyARTECA 
Ha 9TOM NosHoiv, TO B3ATb ee OOpaTHO 6e3% NpodONKATeIbHOL 
TOMPOTOBKH pyXeHHHM® H apTHiepiickKMMhb OrHeM He yAacTcs, 
Mexy TBMb, CCIM ABHHYTb OAKS ceHdach WH BCTPBTUTb araky 
KOHTpb-aTakou, To!.. BceBosMoxHHe Mah, KOMOMHAaLIH, CO- 
o6paxeHia cb OHCTPOTOH MOJHIM MeJIbKaIH Bb TroNOBh Muxawia 
JlaBsIOBH4a, H M3b BCerO TOTO MaTepiasa OH, Cb p'BOIMMOCTLD, 
OTIMIaDMeH NpHpowkeHHaro BOCHHO-HayabHnka, BHOpaNb pB- 
MeHie Havunpocrbimee. 

— Tocnola poTHne koMabyupH!—KpukKHyJ'b On'b.— Pacnopa- 
WMTeCh BHJATL KOTeIKH H 00 MBcTaMD! e« 

— Ilo mbcramt!.. lo wbcTams!..—pa3qanocb CO BC'BX cTo- 
pons. Bce 3a6braso, 3acyetatocb. Pothhte KOMaHAUpH A HeNby- 
(pe6eta OHH Bb OTYAAHIH: Kakb ONO MPOTHATh COMMaTb OTb 
KyxoHb? Kakb IHWIMTb NONOBHHY poTH o6baa? Cpomagzuni no- 
TpeBOxKeHHHH MypaBeHHuKh MeBeMICA M HUKaKb He MOIS 


_IIpHATH Bb NOpADOKs. 


— BHaOATS KoTerkH!—elle pa3sb Npukasarb CrapmioBs. 

— Buuusah KoTerka!—noqxBaTaiu Ha BCBX’b KOHUAXS, HO 
HHETO Ipukasanis oTOrO He MCHONHAID. 

CroxBmil Henonaneky orb Muxauna [lapnoBuya 6aTarbOoHHHi 
KOMAHIUpd, CbaeHbRIM cCrapH4OKb, WIA Yero-TO ye BHAYBONE 
H8b HOKeCHS CBOW KECTAHYH Mallky, XOTBIb Ka3zaTbcs cepau- 
THM} H KPa, --,,BHIMBAK KOTeIKH, CYKHHH WBrul“ Ho o6pa- 
WaJicA OHS He Kb TOMY HenbAmebemo, ITO CTOAN BOIS HELO, a - 
KPHYaIb Kyla-TO Byatb. Denrbahedsenb xe, cToABMifi PATOMDb 
Cb HUMD, Aepxaib Bb UpaBow pyK'B NONHHH KOTeNIOKS, a TBO 
PAasMAaXHBalb HW KPHIaIb TOKe KyAa-TO BAaNb: -,BHMBaN Ko- 
Tenku! He crnmuub?!“ Tyrb-ee CTOANb YATeph-omullept, BL- 
COKIH pocnHi My2x{qdHHa; OHS NOBBCHIb BAHTOBKY Ha NOTOHHHY 
peMesb, a OOBUMU PyKaMH epxkalb KoTeIOKb Cb CYMOMS, ITO 
OMHakO He MBiwaso eMy KpH4AaTb,—,,BHAuBa KoTenKu!“ 

Comat, CcToaBiiie Ha CBOHXb MBCTaxdb, DOUTH BCB MM‘BIIM 
NOIHHe KOTCIKH Bb PyKkaxh, BCH O6opayvBaHCh Ha3szal'b, WO 
UPHBHYIRS yepe3b WhBoe Wweyo, UW KpHIaNH, — ,BHIMBaH TaM'L 
KoTekKu!“—HO CaMH He BHJIMBAJIU. 

— BupepHyTb potHWe koTan!—kpukHy1b Muxaunp [lasno- 
BUYb, TAKb Kakb BHAI, ITO CONMATH, ele He NONyynBOLie 
cya, He XOTBIM OTXOAUTS OT KOTHIOBb, HO, KakKb TOJbKO 
KPHKHYJIb, TOTIACh Xe MOYYBCTBOBAN, ITO Wpikasanie STO, 
CCH Ha HEMb OCOONHBO He HaCTOATb, HCMOMHCHO He 6yReTD ~ 


OPOTHBDS COAHILA. ll 


Torga, MOBOPHYBIINCh, NOMeNb OH MO TponuHKS, cBbKe-BH- 
TONTAaHHOH, Yepesb TacIAHOBOe MoTe, MPAMO KB MO3HIiH. 

TlomeMb MpoWTH HYXHO OHNO BePCTH NONTOPH H TObeM 
TYTb OWINb MANO samMbreHb, HO TaMb, rah KOHWANCA TAaONAHS, 
HawHHaIcA MO0NbeMb Ha KPYTOH, OOPHBHCTHH Hu KaMeHHCTHA 
CKIOHD COUKH, BHIIHHOW MYTOBS CTo. IIPpOTHBONONOKAHH Ke 
CKIOHB STOW MpoOA0NroBaTOH CONKH OHNB OTIOS A BeCh yCcb- 
AH, OYATO Hapowko, OHTHMb KaMHeM’b, — H& HEMB-TO H OBI 
pacnouoxeHH Bb TPH pATa CTPBAKOBHe OKOIIN. 

Benubab 38 Muxansomsb Dapnopuyemsb momenb Illypa, co- 
BepMieHHO He NOHHMABLUIi, Kya WH 3atThMB OND AeTb. IloToMb 
NOMeIb CTAaPHIOK'S, 6aTanboHHHA KOMAHLMpS, PasioHoMiA KO- 
TOparo, KaKb TONbKO Muxanab [laBloBA4b MOBepHyAcA, epe- 
cTata OHTb CepauTOH HW NpHAAA OOHIHOe AO6poryoinoe BH- 
pamenie; 38 HUMb TOPHHCTbh MoBeNIbB ero chpyW KuTalickyw 
nomanky. Ilotanyanch O6numahmie comgaTtN. Cocbauia port, 
NOHABD, ITO;OTHAHO Mpukasadie, Toke ABuUAYAHCh. WH BCA Macca, 
HECTpOHHO, 6e3% KOMAaHOH, COXPaHAA JMIUb NpHOIMsuTeEILHOP 
pacnonoxeHie OaTasIbOHOBD, BOMIIAa Bb TAadAHD. 

Takb Hawatach aTaka, UpOCNaBMBilad NOAKS. 


IV. 


Bepcraxtb Bb NATH C3agu NOsHLiv, NOM KyyewW DepeBbeBs, 
NpeqHashaieHHHXb Ha TO, ITO6H OXPAHATh H ykpalllaTb ,MO- 
THIH MWpeqKOBb“, Kakb BHpakalich Bb Manyxypiv, yo6n0 
NOMBCTHIaCh WhAas rpynoa wore, Cb 3THMA MOTHaMH Hu- 
yero o6miaro He UMBBINAaA WH MOTOMY CTapaBllasica BCAYeCKH 
3arayHTb 3TO CBAIeBHHOe WIA KHTAaMDeBS MBCTO. Bnepeau Bcbxt 
Ha HOCHIKaxb TOMBUascA TreHepalb, KOMaHuph wBbxoTHOli 
6pHTalW, THeEyOIHaro Bua, MANeHbKIL, sallyuleHHW yen0Bh- 
Yekb, Cb KPAaCHHMb HOCOMb H OBIHMb KpPeCTHKOMD Bb Ier- 
auirb. Hocb 9sT0Tb o6pamiasb Ha ce6A BHHMaHie TBMB, ITO 
OHITb He TOIBKO KpaceHb, HO HM BeCb NOKPHTb HeOobIMUMH 
BOLI PAMH, OTIETO OHS KAsWICH HECOPAasMBpPHO OOJISUINMS, pac- 
nyxmumsb. Hnorma rehepant, He cCTBCHAACh HWUIBUMD MpPHCyT- 
CTBICEMb, HaBHIb OTH BOJHpH, He BCerga axe upHo'braa 
pH 9TOMb Kb MOMOMM HOCOBOrO MaTKa, HO HOCb He CTAaHoO- 
BHJICA OTb 9TOLO HH TOHbIWMe, HH KpacuBbe. UITo me kacaetca 
Gbuaro KpecTHka, TO NONyueHb OH OWI rehepaOMd elle Bb 
OHTHOCTb eFO MONOXNMD OulepoMb, BO BpeMaA NocrboHel Ty- 
peukoH BOHHH, H No NoBoAYy 9TOrO reHepadb ToBapHBas'b, — 
»l0¥eMy-TO BOOOpaxkaWTh, ITO TOTS, KTO OHNb xpadph Bb MO- 
AoocTH, 6yqeTh xpadpb BCH CBOW *KM3Hb, — 9TO OMIHOO THO! 
Yro KacaeTcad MeHA, TO A Bb xpadpelH Telepb He nomrbsy! 





12 HAH IL . 


IWasnup!..“ H wbucTBuresbHo, BCAKIH pasb, Korda HaiMHnalca 
60H, OHb pacnontarascaA Taneko m03aqH, Bb YKPHTOMB MCT, 
rub Hu6yob OKON0 06030Bb 2-ro paspaywa, HW TYTb, Jesta Ha 
HOCHAKaXb, HENPePHBHO Mb KOHBAKB UW pasroBapHBaNb Bb 
9TO BPeMA Cb DeHUIHKaMH HM OpyAMHapuamH. wb, BIpoveNs, 
OHb BCeraqa H OOHKHOBeCHHO BHITMBAIb Bb CYTKH OYTHIIKY, a 
Bb HH, Korma CJIHIllaach CTpbabfa, ABB A TpH OyTHIKY. 
lIu0b IPAMO H8b TopsHOka, o6OnHBaA ceOB Gopory, KUTeND, 
IOTOMb ApoxanleH pyKoOW sakylOpHBanb OYTHIKY H Kilasb ee 
NOWb ce6a, Ch THMB, UTOOH Yepesb ABKOTOpoOe BpeMA OATH 
e€@ BHTAllMTb, OTXJICOHYTb MW CkKasaTb, — ,HBTb, He BBPH, He 
BBpl A Ballemy Cepadumy!.. He konynTcA sTo Bo6pom'!..“~—Ha 
4TO ACHUWWKS eF0, H3B'BCTHWH BCeH AMBH3iH BOPb MW MOLIEeH- 
HHKb, PAIbKAa, OTBBIAIb Bb TOHS,—,,9TO BH, Balle IMpeBOcxo- 
JUTeIbCTBO, HalpacHo HaroBapuBaete!.. Cepadumh, Kak Cepa- 
(dump! — MaJio WH 4TO mWoOnKH Spemyrs!* -- ,A WoAM ITO me 
6pellyTh?* — Cb HaHBHUMB BANOMb CipamsBanh Yrenepars, 
XOTA OTBBTDE Ob CMY TABHNMD 1aBHO M3BbCTevS.—,,l WY OOCTH 
roBOpATD!.. TOBOPATS, DeckaTb, o6un'bia Hukonag YroquuKa,— 
BOTb OH} H Torol..“ Cexepanb HayMHaNb XOXOTAaTh ZO cle3b.— 
»OOnnbru!.. xa-xa-xa! o6unban!.. sto BRpHO!“ HWsorga, Bupo- 
yeMb, TeHepantb ONBaIb He Bh AYXB AM TOrZa KpHyarb Ha 
PUNK. 


— TH BOph, TH MomeHHuKD! F Te6A OTh TOPhMH CHaCcr, 
a TH CMBATBCA HAO MAON! 

Ho ®nibka H TYTB He Tepaucs. OHb Cb TOCTOAHCTBOMB 
OTBBwaAIb reuepaly, ITO Bce 3TO TycToe, oco6eHHO OTHOCH- 
TeIbHO TIOPHMH, MH HepbIKO DOBOLMAb reHepana Wo OBuIeHCTBA, 
WO TOTO, 4TO TOTH BCKAKUBANb Cb cBoero 0%xa HM 6pocauca Kb 
HeMy Cb KyJlakaMu. DubKa TOTIAaCh Ke MBHAND TOHS, BUTA- 
THBAICA H, Cerka HAKJOHHBIUMCh, NOACTaBIAIh usioHoMip. 
TRHYBB HBCKOIbKO pa3b WeHuuka 10 B8y6amMb, Lrenepash 
YCUOKavBaIcH WM BCIOMUHAIb O OYTHAKS, KoTOpad o6HKHO- 
BCHHO KYa-HHOYAb 3aKkaTHBasach, & YacTO, NOTBXH pany, ups- 
Tayacb BBCTOBHMM, MHOTAa TBMB xe DaAbKoH. 

— TJonnenb, Bopb, Haligqu! — Kpuiarb reheparb, — HaaM, 
WW 3acyxy! 

BbcToBHe CO BCBXB HOrh Opocasuch UCKaTb, TPACIM ToLyw- 
Ky, HOCHIKH, Upu OOMIeMb XOXOTS OMLYNHBaIH Apyrb Apyra. 

— YXb He 3akaTHIacbh IH, Balle NpeBOCXOAHTeILCTBO, Bb 
callorb? — Cb HeOYMBHHEIMb BHUAOMD CipauuBalb PuwiEKa, 
HaKJIOHAACh Kb TeHepaAbCKOMY Callory. 

— Packposann!.. CmMbaTbca Yayo MHOH! 

Takb Kakb @yJIbKa OWIb OTIMYHHM QOKYCHHKb, TO Ww 
M3BIeKaIb OYTHIKY Usb PeHepabCKaro Calora Ww Kakoro- 
Hu6yAb Wpyroro mbcra, wu reneparb cMaAraadcs., 


TIPOTHB COABIA. 13 


CueHH Bb 9TOMb powB NOBTOPANHCh W430 AHA Bb Web, HO 
NOcTONaMATHOe YTPO, 3aKOHIMBMecch TBMb, ITO LreHepasb co 
cBoeh OpHrayow Ha-TONOBy pas6uyb Kakoro-ToO ATIOHcKaro AMma- 
raTy, Havyaoch MmpH HBCKONBRO ApPyrAxhb ycuoBiaxs. Bce 6un0, 
Kakb Buepa H TPeTbATO WHA: NepBHH NOIR OPATAIH Apaica Ha 
HO3HWiH, BTOPOH NOIKb, KOTOPHME KOMAnD0BaNb Muaxauip I[Ta- 
BIOBHTE CrapmoBh, CTOAND BL pesepBs, Camb xe reHepasrs. 
XOTA H MOTpe6oBarb Cb YTpa OXOTHHYBH KOMAHIH, OyATO On 
WA COMPOBORNeHiA ero Ha NOsHuiW, OCTAICA Ha CBOeMb MBCTS 
H H& CBOHX HOCHJIKAX’b, HO pasroBapHBab Ob He Cb PuIb- 
KOH, KaKB 9TO O6HYHO OHBAIO, & Cb NOAKOBHMS Bpayemh Tu- 
mMobeBHMd, CHIBBIIEME M0-TYPeuKH Ha pasOCcTIaHHOH OypKhb 
H epxXaBoleMb BL pyKax’b KaKOH-TO COCYAb, BOSHMHH BD Ja- 
BapeTHOH JBYKOIKB H UpeqwasHayeHHHA Wa MpHHATIA AaB 
Hero ABKAPCTBh; BL COCYIb 3TOTH NOKTOPh BPeMA OTb BpemeaH 
H&aNHBanb CHHPTh, TORKe OTUYCKABLIHCA Bb H800HIiH Bb Mequ- 
NHHCKIA 3alach, HW, pasOaBHBb Clerka, Ooubile AIA Npunuyis, 
STOTh CUHPTS BOAOW, BHMHBaATb, IpH eM Cb NOC IHAMD PI0T- 
KOMB JHUO ero OpPHHuMaTO BHpaxenie kpahnaro HenoyMbaia, 
KoTOpoe Tak'b H COXPAaHAJIOCh HBROTOPoe BpeMA, KAKB OYATO DOK- 
TOP 10 IpesBHyaHHOCTH OHI WopakeHb NOCTHIHAMD Wpesme- 
TOM’, HOMaBLIUM BH Wore ero 3p'buis. 

— CmoTph A Ha aTH OO6aKa H YAUBIAWChL, — Kako pacy- 
HOKb, Kakia Kpacku! loupo6yfite dapHcoBaTb,—aw BaMh CJIOBO, 
He NOBBPATS, CKaRYTh DeKaseHTCTBO, & TYTh He WekaeHTCTBO, 
a Manuxypia!—ckazarb ROKTOpd, CHAA Cb 388KHHYTOH TrouoBor 
H pasriscqHBad oG6jlIaka — (CO CTOPOHH MOXHO 6HJI0, WhUCTBH- 
TCJIbHO, HOXYMATL, ITO OHS TONLKO ANA TOTO H 3a&KHHYIb Pro- 
NOBY, YTOO6H DOCMOTPHTb Ha O6NaKa),—H BCe TaKB! Kaxkoll-Hu- 
OYAb WaxIHi ppakUysHkKs BCH HH3Hb UINKATCA, LEKALCHTCTBYeTh 
H Booopaxaerb, ITO *anTasiq MOMO2KeCTh CMY BHCKOUATS 3b 
COOCTBEHHOM MIKYPH, a A, KaK'b Bpavb, OCOGeHHO Tellepb, Moc. 
Manixypil, HonOmUTeNbHO YTBEpRMaN, ITO HHKakan panrasia, 
awe OOJbHaA, He MOKeTh COsMaTb HHYeLO TAaKOTO, Yero OW He 
6H10 Ha cBbrb. Bors, nanpaMbps, He6o! OOpatute BHuManie, 
Balle IPeBOCXOAHTeIbCTBO, Ha HeOO... 

Tenepann, ycubamit ThMb BpeMeHeMb OTXJICOHYTh 8b 
OYTHIKH, MOPMAach, saKyYIOpHBaATb ee H, YCIHMAaBh DocmbAHIA 
CHOBa AOKTOpa, WOcaIMBO MAXHYJB pykoH. 

— He6o, He6o! Bcb ropopaTb o HeOb A Harbores Ha He6o! 
A @ rosopi, — He Bbpw a Bamiemy Cepadumy!.. He pbpw u 
Bce TYTbl.. | 

— Jlanca Bams 3sToTh Cepadsums, Gero BH MPHBAIaIHCh Kb 
HeMy?—Cb YHBIeHieMh CKazalb JOKTOPs. 

— Al mHKOMYy cBOero MHBHIA He HABASHBAaN, BH BUTE 
caMH, — CHAY TYTb, Hao MHOH cmbwtTcas, Bch CMBHOTCA, Tae 





14 HAAR Xb. 


noqneyb DwbKa cMbeTca, a a ce6b Monty! Jibualite, yTo xo- 
THTe, HO 3HaliTe, 4To Cepaduswb BaMb He WoMoxeTD! TyTs, 
OaTeHbka, He Cepadums nyxend! IIpamo ckasty, A WH CaMb He 
3HaW, ITO TYTb HYKHO!.. 

— A He 3HaeTe, Takb MOJJUHTE... 

— Si u monay... Ho mapont ne MomuuaTs!.. By aymaete, A 
CBOu cu0Ba TroBopH? O6b sTomb Cepahumh mab ofunb Sopo- 
QYb 8alacHHM CKasaJ’b, MH'B MOHpaBAOCh, MOTOMY ITO TYTD, | 
Bb 3THXB CUOBAX'b, Whlaa, OaTeHbka, Punocodia! Bbab ont, 
KaHaJIbA, TYBCTBYeTh, ITO CaMa TpHpoza Ha Hero ONOTIMIACh, 
& BHpashTb 39TOrO He yM'beTb, — BOTS HW BaNHTh Ha Cepaduma! 
A BH MBH'B, JOKTOPS, CKaKHTe, ITO BTO 3HAIHTb, Koga Upwpora 
Ha Woe onorwaerca? 

~ — Mab KaxetTca, 9TO Ipocro,— pasb Upuposa MpoTHBE ye- 
NOBBKAa, 3Ha4HTh, INOBBKL HAPYMUAb 8akOHb UPAPOLH. 

— Bors, sors! WH a Takb pzyMaw!.. AH AyMaw, ITO eCHH Bb 
ABbHAINATOMb Toy Hama pycckKad pApowa Nowa NpOTHBS 
(ppaHily3a, TO 9TO MOTOMY, ITO Ppakiy3sb sapBasicA, a Y HACb 
H3b 9TOYO CAbIaIH BHBOAS copcbMb Apyrok! HW sambrsre, BH- 
BON 9TOTh CHbIaHb Bh akageMiaxt npodeccopamu!.. Hayka 
6ynaTo 6u!.. KyponaTknHb axe ce6B Bb OITa6b BHYUCaTS Te- 
Hepasa, H8B'BCTHAarO CBOeH HeH38BBCTHOCTLW HU TBM else, ITO 
Hauucalb HayyHoe wscrbOBanie o kaMManin ABbHALWaTaro 
rola, — CaM'b xoveTh OHTA KyTy30BHMb, a Hukonaga YroqauKka 
TOUMBHATh CepaduMomE!.. A a roBopN,—He BBpw! MW samwbtste, 
He CBOH CJOBa TOBOPH, & MYXHUKIA! 

— Ore-re! Jia BH BOHa Kyla 3akHaHBaeTe! — cb YIUBIe- 
HieMb BOCKJIMKHYIb OKTOpb. — A 9T0 BH BBpHO... A, BUpo- 
4ueMb, YOPTH CFO 3HaeTh, ITO BBPHO, ITO HEBBpHO... J, sHaerTe, 
TLyYMab, ITO 3a MH Bb TYMOH yrolb Hw Tenepb — Kya HH 
KHHb, Be3i'B KJIMHD... : 

— Bort, BOTb, HMe€HHO 3au BB TyNOH yrorp. A BH 
3HaeTe, KTO HaCbh Bb 9TOTb yroub sarnab?.. [locnopuna! He 
cMBHTeCh, He CM'BuTeCh, — HMe€HHO TocwoBua! MH BOTh ysme 
IbTS DBBCTH Ha pasHhe aH TBeEPpUMb,—4TO PyCCKOMY 3/10- 
poBo TO, ITO HBMIULY CMePTb, a TOYO He 8aMBTUNIH, ITO pyccKili 
aBHO YRS HBMUCMS CAbIaIcA. BH BOTH HayKaMH pasHHMH 3a- 
HHMaeTeCh,—a, HY, OOBACHHTe, MOYeMY 3TO HCTOPIA UpPOTHBD 
Hach? 

— To eCTb Kakb UCTOpiA NPOTHBS Hach? 

— Jia Takb, IpoTHBb Hactb—wz Bce TyTD!.. BBB uCcTOpiN 
pyCccKylo, KoHeTHO, WhaeMb MH, reHepaIn, HW 3aMBTbTe,— TMD 
yecTHbe reHepalrh, YhMB OONbMe xoNoveTb, TSMb OoNbMe 
Bpenla OTb Hero. J] BOTS Wpomantit yenoBbRb. BHIb kKorla-TO 
COCO6HHM®, eli Bory, 6umb! HW yecroymd Onwb! Kpecrs no- 
ry6unb, — cybuain repoemb 4 madam! He qerko, Gateqpra, 


itPOTHBS COasBitA. | 15 


repoems 6uTb!.. Onycrunca, — sHap! Hcnakoctanca, — 3Haw! 
Huryya ne romych,—tTome 3Han! Ho yrbmaw ce6a Thu, ITO 
A XOTb Bpeyla HHKOMY He WbNaw, focryxuBaw ce6'b Ao Nen- 
ciu... A BO3bMHTe BH 9Takoro HyponatknHa! Byab na ero 
MBCTB Kakoli-Hu6y4b MpOXBOCTh, ObAHHUAa HW BCe Takoe, — A 
OHNb OW CHOKOeH, —- a Tenepb 6owcs! Bowcb, — noToMy To 
OH HCKpeHHO BO 4TO-TO Takoe BBpurs. A Iryie Bcer'o Bb 
ce6a Bbputh! Bors Bb yeNb Obya!.. Mena BoTh ouvlepy mpo- 
SBaJId ,UaHHIeCKHMb YTeHepanomb“. CeroquA YTpOMb IpHHo- 
CATh MHB MHChMO Cb OOUTH, OKA3HBaeTCA, H38b XapOuHa aHo- 
HHMB PyraeTca,— WaHHeCcKii, AecKkaTb, reHepadh, Kora BUIATD 
ANOHTeEBS — OBKUTS, Korda He BUAUTD — Toxe ObxuTh! A A 
CTIHTAD ce6a MpaBHMh, — Obxarb u Oyny OBkaTb, HOO CkKa- 
gaHo. — OBrH OTS 31a H COTBOPHIMb NO6po. CeromuHa xorTrbib 
620 obXaTb Ha nosnuiw, a Tellepb He mobay. H secbMa 
pab, HE TONbKO NOTOMY, 4TO CHRY 3bCb Cb BaMH, HO H N0- 
TOMY ellie, YTO He yBuAY sTOrO Bamero 6yibfora-—Crapwopal.. 
A HOBKO 4 ero Ha W5ib UpHBasalb! To-To, BoobOpaxaio, py- 
raetcal.. KeratrH, BoTh CTapmioBb, XOTb OH'b H He reHepas, 
HO CkOpo Oyzers... BBB He FeNOBBKS, a S6orb! H whrs geJo- 
BbKa BpewqH'be ero BB apMin! CormacHW BH, JOKTOPS, uH He 
cormacHH? 

— PasctpbaaTb ero HAyxHO,—yOBxX2CHHO OTBBTHIS JOK- 
TOpb,— Obmewad co6aka He BHHOBATa Bb TOM, ITO OHA Obite- 
Had, HO YHHYITOHKHTE ee HEOOXOAUMO. 

— Hwenno Obmenaas! BH OH NocMOTphav, Kakb OH co 
MHOA! Pyky DOmaeTh,—poKUTh OTb CBAMIEHHArO HerojoBanian! 
TAKOrO-TO HAWILHHKAa UMBIL—a? HY, & A ero, PUB TOKO BOB- 
MOMKHO, H IIPHMINHIO, 2a H Heb3A HHAYe: IeNOBBRD He 3ilaeTb 
HH XaJlOCTH, HH CHUCXOKMeHIA, HW Wall A eMy BOJIO,—MeHA 2Ke 
Depsaro cpBbcTh! a Tellepb, boxbeH MuOCTbO, A ero BMD! 
Xa-xa-xa! 

— OURD Apyroro cTouTe,—Mpa4yHO 3aMBIuNb AOKTOPS. 

— CrToumMt, cToumMd! OTO BH BBpPHO,—BCB MH Apyrb Apyr'a 
CTOHMD... BE ceroqua BOOOlIe XOpPOMO FOBOpH.H... BCe pasb- 
ACHHTb yMbetTe, He 6€3b l0b3MH HayKaMH 3aHWMaJlucb,—93To 
BHIHO 10 pasroBopy... 

Jloktoph, nepetuBaBuilii Bb 9TO BPeMA CIIMpPTb W3b OYTHIKH 
Bb COCYIb, CA'bialb HeTepmBIUuBMH HKecTh PYKOW, Make Wiec- 
HYJ'b COHPTOMB Ha Oypky. 

— X9-X9-X9l.. He UN6UTS weNOBbyeks! A BH, JOKTOPD, Kak’ 
4,—BO3bMHTe Pash HAaBCera HW CO3HaliTeCb, TOrga cpasy Cilu- 
KOHHO Ha LyWh craneTh, a TO A, IPH3HaTbcA, Wake yAUBAICH, 
He NOBBpPHIb... ONJb TYTE Y MCHA Ball'b NpiaTedb M pasckKa- 
SHIBab, KAKB BH XOTHTe€ KOMAHDOBATb TOIKOMb UW Kakb BaCc'L 
Vlo#kerh 3aBictb... Hy, He Oyay, we 6yay, He CepauTecb... OKI 


16 HAH At. 


BBIb YeIOBBKS,—OcTaBad OYTHIKY, TOBOpuNb YreHepasrh,— 
MajlIO eMY KaseHHaro ClMpTa, elle H yBaseHia Nowapal Bb 
Mpenopuiv, Kakb FTOBOPATS CoaTH. 

Bb 8TO BpeMA, Moka cO6ecBOHUKH, 3€HATHE CBOMMH OyTH- 
JIAMH, IPeKpatTHu pasroBoph, Kb HAM’b BCKAIb Ha INOXeCHbKOK 
KUTAaHCKOH KIAYeHK'S NOLbBxXalb oullept, sauHxaBmilica, pas- 
paxeHHH, U TYTb xe, He CIrbsad axe cb NomMaqy, Ha KO- 
TOpod CHI'bI'b CaMHMb KOMHYHHMD 06pa3z0Mb, Havasb KpHaTh 
Ha WOKTOpa, He OOpanian HH Mabimlaro BHAMAaHIiA Ha re- 
Hepavia. 

— UYopts sHaerTb To Takoe! Kyfa BH 3alponactusuch? 
IlonKb Ha NOsHui UDeTh, Balle MBCTO Cb MOIKOMD, a BH TYTb 
IIbAHCTBY ETE... 

— [Iponty Bach He 3a6HBaTBCA, NopyywkKD!—cb JOCTOHH- 
CTBOMb OTBBTHIb JOKTOPb, IPH YeMb KkpacHhH HOCD ero ci‘b- 
NacAH OarpoBO-CHHHMS,—Upomly Bacb He KpH4aTb, BH He Cb 
JCHUIMKOM® pasroBpapuBaete! SI caMb 8HaW CBOe MBCTO. 

— Hbrb, Bh we 3Haetre! Bach HuKOoraa He ONBaeTh, H A 
JHYHO NONYUNWNb Wpukaszanie OTH KOMAaHTupa HoNKa HabmWCTH, 
YTOOH TepeBAZOUHH WyHKTb OHb Ha MBcTb, a He y 4OpTa 
Ho KYIHUKaXb, Kab Bcerma!—KpwyaN, oduuesh.—Tamb Jou 
yMMUpahTh, a BH TYTb Mmpoxsaxyzaetecb! Bach cb coOakaMH He 
Haligems! A Ha Bach panopTb nozams! | 

JloKkTop)h BCKOYWLID Y, pasMaxHBad PyKaMH, Bb CBOM oFepenb 
Haval’b KPH4aTb, HO OPULEPb He YHHMAJICA. 

— A Bach CBA88Tb UPHKaxky H Bb TAaKOMb BHAB N0BeLy 
Ha HWOsHin,— PasMAaXHBaH HarakkoH, BON BO BCH PAIUTKY 
opulleph, Bb OOWYHOG BpeMa THXili, CKPOMHHH, HCHONHUTEIE- 
HHH obuuepb, H TOMbKO Tellepb, BCbAcTBie NONyyYeHHaro 
IMDb BICPBHE CAaMOCTOATeIDHArO HasHadeHiA, HAaxOWuUBMINCcA Bb 
Heo6hyahHOMb Bosb6yxTeuiM. 

JlokTOpb MOCMOTPBIb, MOCMOTPBAb WU NIOHYID. 

— Jlonneus!.. Hay, way, Kya xovellb NOADY... TH AyMaelD, 
TH xpadpBbe MeHa?.. WeHOKD... UPH MHS Bb NIK NOCTVIIMIS, 
y MeHA Me DOA KPHIHWKOMD Ip BIcK... 9Xb, TH! H HE CTHHO 
TeOb! | 

Odnueph Npuwerb BL ce6A UH HBCKONLKO CKOHDysaAca. 

— MH, HOKTOpS, Ha CyKOb, Tenepb He BPeMA BCHOMHHATh 
USIYMOCTH... 

TlokToph, OTIMeCBHBAACL HW pyrasch, NOWeIb Kb cBoeH JBy- 
KONKS, a reHepasb, TONLKO Tellepb upnmeymit Bb Ce6A OTb 
YAMBIeHIA HU HeEOKHTAHHOCTH, OOpaTHcA Kb ouuepy. 

— Yero BH TyTb kKpuauTe! Kakoe um'beTe BH paso Bb 
MOeMb IIpHcyTcTsBin... KpomB. Toro, BH BCe BperTe, MONKS BaLl'b 
HHKya He oulerb, & CTOHTh BB pesepBh, KaKb OHD HW AON- 
HEH CTOATH. 


ftrotHBS CoxHtta. 17 


Oduneph HexoTa a He6pexHO B3ATb NOX ROSHpPeKD. 

— Mab Hekoraa, Balle MpeBOCXOXHTeENBCTBO, HYKHO Bxatb 
Kb NOMKY, TAKS Kakb DOAKRD OOWMeTb Ha NOsHuiN. 

— Ilo wemy npHkazaniw ob Domens? Uto 3a raynoctu? 

— He MOry 3HaTb, Balle MpeBOCXOAHTeNLCTBO, A TOAbKO 
HCHOIHAN DpHkKasania, A MCHOMHHTeNIb,—OTBBTUID opHLept, 
BHIHMO YToOpiscb TBM, ITO OHb HCMONHHTeNb H UCUONHAeCTS 
pHkasaHiA HAadaJbCTBa. 

— JTO BOsMYTHTEIbHO!—YToBoOpurE, BCe Gouhe u Oomrbe pas- 
UpaKaich, rehepalb,—9ToOTbh CrapwloBb MeHA NpwsHaBaTb He 
xouerTh! Kyna-To Herb, MH‘ HWYero He RoHOcHTS!.. Tlopyqaks, 
H3BONbTe HEME NCHHO JONORUTE MH'B, Kya H 3adbMb Nomiesb 
Ball’ NOK. 

— Tloment ua nosuuin! J xe foknagHBaw BaMt!.. [leppHii 
NONKb He BHIepKHBAeTh, NOBUAMMOMY, H OTCTyNaeTb, MH 
noma. ‘ 

— Bame mpepocxoluTerbcTs0,—BMbIaICA Bb pasroBOpb 
COCTOSBOIK pH reHepasrb Bb kadyectBs albwrTauta ouyepb,— 
Cb D€pBHMB MONKOM'S ABUCTBATENbHO YTO-TO CAYIHIOCh, O1n- 
HOWHHeE TWTH yxe TaBso BAYT... Bonb eme whan rpynimal.. 
Ok, OPAWHapUN, KPWYKAH 9YTAXb DOANeNOBb TaMb! Kya onu? 

Teneparb BcTasb CO CBOHXD HOCHIOKS. 

— KpakHyTb ca STHXS MepsaBleBL! Kya u 3aybM'b OHH 
HAyTb? 

Opmuyapoy, BBCTOBLIe, BHHMATeJIbLHO MPHCyWMABaBieca 
Kb pasropopy, 6pocHAMch HCHONHATL NpHKasasuie. 

— Of, semaagkn! [Ioment cya, renepash Tpe6ywrt! --kpH- 
GaJI¥ OHH, HO, TaKb Kakb 3CMNAIKH CBEPHYJH Bb CTOPOHY, Cb 
SBHHMD HaMBpevHiemMb yApatb, 32 HUM NoObKaIH. 

Hakoneli'b, 3eMISUKH OHH MpHBeweHH. 

— Bu cb nosnuin? 

— Tak TOUHO, Balle NPeBOCXOABTeILCTBO, Cb DOBHIM. 

— Tlovemy xe BH ymu? Kro npaka3saib?—cnpocub re- 
Hepas'b, 3HadHTeIbHO MOHH3HBb Fol0ch Bb UpNCyTCTBi 3ITBX'b 
rope, o6OpBaHHHXh, YrpwWOMHXb HM, BHMMO, O306CHHHX'b. 

— Bcb yxoqarp 4 MH YUIJIH... OpHku8hBaTb-TO HeKOMY... 

— A odunepy rib? 

— A Borb xb 3HaeTb... KUTOPHeE NONerau, KOTOpHe 
YULIH...—oTBbyain Obrien HM BAIA, ITO pyraTbh H HakashBaTb 
HXb HAKTO He co6upaeTca, TORE HBCKOALKO CMATUNIMCh WM ye 
ropazio OxoTHbe ctaiu pascKka3shBatb, lepeOuBad Apyrb Apyra, 
O HouoxeHin Bene Ha NO3HUia, Kakb OHV UMb NpecTaBla- 
JLOCb. 

— Hab odutepost, KaxkHCcb, HUKOrO yxte Ha MOsuuiW He 
OCTAJOCB... 

— Bb tpeTbei porb, cHUIb, KOMaHTMPb OcTaJCa... 

Agsapp. Ormabar |. 2 





18 Had ft. 


— Hébrs, et-Bory, oBrb, camMb BUBB, youu... 

— Ja HeliITO Tamb ycronnib? My ,ero“ kKuayzeMb paMo 
KY4H, a ,OH'b“ BCe IpeTb H Uperb, IPAMO CKasaTb, KOMAapHHas 
chia oporbsa!.. A WOmpexb Toro adTuepiel rnyMusrb... HEWITO 
ycTonnmip!.. 

Ax®b cuymiasH UCHYyrakHoO H COUYBCTBeHHO. OHH TONbKO 
IOpyUHKb, TOKO YTO PyraBMilicA Ch DOKTOPOMS, He AeNaN'b 
BBPUTL STAM PasckazaM’b. 

-— Bpete sce, nonzenw! PascrpBaaTb Bach, CYKHHNXb CH- 
HOBB! Hakoli potn? YuTepb-oupept, Te6a copaninBan, Kakoli 
potn? 

YHTeph-opunepbh 3106HO CMOTpbIb Ha Dopyqwka, coo6pa- 
“wad, KaKb BHBepHyTbca. OND SesycNOBHO BBPHIb TOMY, ITO 
pascka3sHBab CaMb A ITO pasCKa3HBasd ero TOBapHA, CqIH- 
Tal’b, YTO YCTOATH TWPOTHBh ,KOMaPHHOK CHIH“ Heb3a, 4TO 
YHTH Cb NO3HOIN ONO HEO6XOAMMO, 3Hanb, BUR CaM’, ITO 
MHOorie O*ULeEPH YOMIM, Tak’b Ke, KAKS U OH, NOLS UpeqOromM'b 
yBowa paHeHHX’b, HO 3a CeO BCe-TAKH OOAICH, He 6e38b OCHO- 
BaHiA Mpewnouarad, ITO, Bb KOHWH KOHIOBL, CMY MOKETH ]0- 
CTaTbCA. 

— QOnmunHanuaTonu, Balle 6naropovie,—ch ycusiemb coBpanb 
OH, TAK Kak'b OHJb CeAbMOn. 

— QOunHaguaToH, KanuTana JieMeHTbeBa... BOTh A eMy 
ckaxky po Te6a... OHb Te6b MOKaxeTb, nonNeny!..—H nopy- 
qUuKb, Teprad NOBOZbA OOBAMA PyKaMH, CTasb NOBOpaywBaTh 
KOHA, COOHPAaNCh ‘bxarTb. 

— JlopyauKt, nopywKs!— 3akpndasb reHeparb,—oOoxAHTe, 
pasckamuTe MOMpodHo, Kakb NoBeNb CrapmoBb NoIKy! 

—- IJpAMo B3ANb HM DOBENb Yepesdb anJAnb,—He o6opayy- 
BaACh, OTBBTHNb DOPYIKS U Nobxa. 

— TLonkB uppers, 9TO0 BBpPHO, MH BCTPbTaIu,—CKasanb yH- 
Tep'b-oullepb. 

— Tlovemy xe MH'B HHYero He NOHOCATH? XOTATS WOARECTH! 
Tlocnymalite, roiyOuukb,—o6patTusica reHepallb KB COCTOAB- 
meMy pH HeMb oduuepy, — Hanumute-kKa Crapmosy oTb 
Moero MMeHH lIpukaszanie. Takb HW HallMIATe: NpukashBab Ba- 
WeMy BHCOKOOMaropomiio HeMeDeHHO BeCTH NOJKDB 8a DOsHIito 
HW DowepxaTh WepBew NomKb OpHragy. Bb aBuxexiu B3aATb 
HalipaBienie Ha... Ha yTo OH Takoe BaATb HaupaBseHie?.. Hy! 
Ha COmHe! OHO IPMMBPAV Takb VW BHigeTb. WumutTe,—Hapa- 
BieHie Ha conHue!.. Upukdasanie 9TO HeMeAJIeHHO MOMIUTe 
CrapiioBy, a KONI HavabHuKy QMBUaIL. 

Ilocab oToro reHepaJ’b He MOI’b YCNOKOHTBCA H HA HOCHI- 
KH He JIOKHJICH. 

Kpyromb Bce 610 CHOKOHHO, HO COsHaHie Toro, 4TO raAb- 
TO Ha O3MUik wWeONaronouy4HoO, CO biawio JngeH MePBHHMM. 


{ 
NPOTHBD COJAMA. 19 


TIpHM1sHBaHCh, IPACAYMABANUCh, OCTAHaBIUBBIH PaHeHHX'’d 
H 6braeyosh Bw Nopo6wo pascnpamusann. Bapyrs sambruan 
HeBwateks Bcalnuka, MopakaBwaro CBOWMb HeOOHYHHM®S Ko- 
CTOMOMD axe TYTb, KOrga KaxkOWH obeasica Kakb Donaso, 
IHMb OH He OITb TOJIWMb; Bh HEM OAHAKO TOTYACh Xe MpA- 
3HaJId OXOTHHKAa ,CeHBKy“, MpoctaBHBMaroca CBoew OTIAAH- 
HOCTBD. 

— Cenbka, monierb coal Ceubka, reneparb tpedyuoTs!— 
KpHuasid eMy, HO CeHbKa, noryauBmi orb CrapimosBa KoH- 
BepTh Cb UpukasabieMb MepefaTb 92TOTb KOHBEPTb Bb CO6- 
CTBEHEHA PYKH HaiasbHuka JUBUsIH H HH BB KoeMb Cyyab 
He HomayaTbch Ha rasa H He OTAABATb 9TOTO KOHBepTa KO- 
MaHIMpy OpuragH, BUA, ITO CONICA Cb AOpOrH HM NoOMAaNb He 
TyWa, Kya HYXHO, CTapasicAd YNH3HYTb WM, TOMbKO yObAuUB- 
IHCh Bb NONHOM HEBOSMOIRHOCTH CI'BMaTb STO, HeEXOTA MOTb- 
Bxanb. KoupepTh y Hero, KOHETHO, HeMeIeHHO oTOOpann, 
ThMDb OHJIb OHS HECKAsAaHHO OFopueH'b, HO He Ha ONO, TAKS 
Kakb BHMAaHie, KOTOPHNS OKPYXHJIM CFO TOBAPHOIH, TOTYACh 
ero yTbuIHIO. 

OnxbTb OHD OHI BhANOHCKYH DIMHeIb H8b YepHaro CyKHa, 
Y3KyYW, KOPOTKY, TOPIaBILyN Top6omMD Ha COMBS, Ha LoOBy 
HalbIb ANOHCKYWO Re Hypaxkeqky Ch KeNTHMb OKOIHMEMS, 
Kpom'’B TOTO TpHBesb OHB Cb codok UbAyH keNNeKiN Tpo- 
deeBL: MYHABRPS, HZ0PBAHHHH MITHKOMb WH 3asuTHH KpOBbN, 
OHHOKIb Cb BHOMTHMDS Ye OObEKTHBOMD, LaMalllH,,arvdu- 
Karo TOBapa*, KaKb yBbpATE Ceubka, 4 Why Kydy MaleHb- 
KHXb WeIKOBACTHXS JHCTHROBS WOUTOBOH OyMarH HM TaKHXb 
Ke KOHBEpTOBb, HCUMCaHHHXb ieporaudamMa YepHHMH, kpac- 
HHMH, CHHHMM UM 3eJIeHHMH YepHuaMH. 

OTO IpowsBeso ceucauiw. CeHbKa, FyBCTBOBaBUIA ce6a ro- 
poemb, UpHMerb Bb axntTayio H He ycubBath OTBBYaTh Ha 
BOIpOCH. 

— Hf waknana xe ,ero“!.. []pamo BCA Kakb eCTb Do03HniA 
oo6rakena.. KYJ& HH TIOBePHHCh... (0 TOMb, YTO Ha MOSH 
6HN0 OONbMe TPYNOBb CBOHXS, BM ANOHCKHXb, Cenbka 
yMOoNWasIb, MOTOMY ITO Ha Hero CaMoro yOuTHe aloHcKie CoOl- 
NaTH DpowsBenH Ooubulee BueyaTbuie, WbMb cBou). Hawn uv 
NO CHXb Oph ObrabwTh, HUTYTb, MOTOMy ,ero“ Awxe MHOLO 
HaObrao, 38 KYCTHKAMH, 3&8 KaMeIKaMH 3aX0BaJIHCb. 

Beb ulynanu naibTO HW AMBUAMCh Ha TOHKOe, WpekpacHoe 
CYKHO. 

— Heyxto cosgzatckoe? — BOCKIHNaIH UsyMIeHHHe 3spH- 
TeJIH. 

— Comgatckoe H ecTb! Y HUXh, OpaTb, comaTcKkKad aMMy- 
HHUWid He KaKb y Hach! —Cb TOpAOCTbH 3a ANOHWEBS OTBb IAS 


Ceypxa. 
2° 





20 HAAS. 


— Moxe, BOIbHOONperbsonlilics, — HepBIUMTeIbHO 3aMb- 
THI'b KTO-TO. 

— Jiyppa TH roazopa! [loa wa TosHuiW HW MOCMOTPH, Xb 
TAaMb THCAYM UBB NeKXHTH VW Ha BCBXb OHA AMMYHHOIA, 110- 
TOMY Y HX, Oparh, crporo, BcB No PopmMb XoAATh, HOCH Ka- 
8CHHYN aMMyHuUIN u Oacta! Borbh 4 KieiiMa KaseHHHA,—H 
CeHbka MoKasallb HaslomenHHoe Ha XOJDIeEBYND NOAKIanky mu- 
He KieHMO Cb HeNOHATHHMU 3HadkaMH. 

OPHTeIH H38yYMJIANHCh, HeAOBBPIBBO KayalH YoOBoH, He 
TIOHHMAA, KAKb MOKXHO OHNO COMMaTY BHAABAaTh Takyl0 Xopo- 
Wy onemny, a CeHbka Uponorkanb uXb Mopakatb, BHTa- 
CKHBAA 3b CBOMXL OOHEMUCTHXE KAPMAHOBD Fach, MoNOTeHLe, 
(CONMATH TOTTACh Ke OTMBTUIH, ITO H MONOTeHHe OHIO Cb 
KeCHMOMb, 3HAaIHTb, KaseHHoe), 3yOHYW IeTKY, KOPOOOdKY Cb 
KaKUMH-TO NHINAMH HT. J. Bee sto ulynanoch, MpodoBanoch 
H& HOrOTb, Ha Flash, Ha CBB, OIBHABANIOCh H TYTb 2Ke po- 
napasnocb. IlpexrpacHnte cepeOpsHbe 4acH NOWIH 8a MOITHH- 
HHRS, & Panetepan pyOaxa, CHIbHO MOMOpyeHHad KPOBbN, 
mpoyana Oa 38 1Ba Cb NONMHOH, Aa H TO CeHbKa JUUMIb 
NOTOMY YCTYNAIb ee, ITO BaANb ee ceOb camb renepartbckili 
Repmurn Dunpka. Jlaxe konBepTH wu 6ymMara cb 3aTbin- 
BHMH NMCbMeHaMH Halu ceOb mokymaTeteH H OlWBAUBaIuCh 
CeHbkoH lo MATAaKY 3a IITYKy. 

JleHuHRA WM CAaHHTapH HeMeAJICEHHO OpraHH30Bau 9Kcne- 
MHI, KOTOpad AOWKHA OHA NOWTH Bb OKOMH H HadpaTb Ha 
BCBXE Miwnene, MYHOHpOBb, a ruabHoe—o6yBu, BB KOTOpOH 
OMlymasica OONLMOK HeEOcTaTOKS. 

Tenepasrb, Mexy ThMb, WTath moHeceHie. CTapmoBB J0- 
HOCH HAWaIbHUKY UBUZiH, KakKb OHb, YBUIBBb, TO 
N—ckiffi 1ONKB OFnIAeTh TO3sHMi, He OYAYIH Bh cocToaHiv 
BHepKaTh HATHCKa, camMb, 0 cBoeli HHAMIaTHBb, pO 
NBHHYTh NOIKS Bhepexb H NoAoMeNIb Kb NOsHHi Kakb pasd 
BO BpeMA, KOrla ANOHIH TOKO 38HAJIH ee, aTaKOBaJIb Xb, 
porHatb, 3a6panh Gombe BYXcOTh WAIBHHHXS, H BIpeyb 0 
HOLyIeHiA pacnopsxenif OTb Hero, HatasibHuka AMBUBIN, OND 
Ch NOUKOMD OCTaeTCA Ha MO3HTin. 

— Hrs, sto Te6b Takb He WpolyeTh!—MHCNEHHO BOCKIHK- 
HYI$ TeHepab, NpOWTaBh WoHneceHie,—TH MeHH, a A Te6a! 
WIotaraemca eme!—W yocTtaBb KHWKKY AIA WoHecenili, Ha- 
TuCarb TOMY Xe HavaNbHHKy JHBHZiH O TOM, Kakb llepBuli 
NOIKB ero O6puragh, xpadpo H CaMooTBepxKeHHO HBCKONbKO 
mew yxe ppasmitica Ha nNosauin, CeroqHA yTpoMb, ycTynaa 
MHOrO pa3b CHAbHBALWIeEMy UPOTHBHUKY, OTMaIb HBCKONBKO 
OKONOBh H Kakb, Bb BUY BTOTO, OHS, KOMAHTHpPb Opuragy, 
ipukasarb CrapHioBy HOTH Ha MO3HWi H ATAKOBaTh MpoTUB- 
HUKa, ITO H OWIO Cb OOJbHIMMD YCU'SXOMB HcHONHeHO. [exe- 








MeOTHR COARMA. 91 


Pah AWNIOMAaTHYeCKH NpHOaBAANh Kb STOMY, YO MpOcHTD 
oO6paTaTh BHHMaBie Ha NomkoBHHKAa Crapniopa, Kakhb Ha BH- 
napmaroca w xpadparo opuuepa. 


V. 


Pd 


JjecaTbh IBTb MpOKOMAaHTOBaBh NONKOMb, CTapuloBh 8HaTb 
H OHI YBBpPeHb Bb CBOMXDE MOTIWHEHAWXS. SHaTb, ITO BO 
BpeMA ABHKeHIA epe3b TAaOMAHS COXPaHUTh MOPAAOKb, Mpel- 
DHCHBaeMHH YCTAaBOM'b, ONO HEBO3SMORHO, ITO CONMATH, eCIH 
MpeOCTaBHTh HMB CBOGOLY, CaM CyMBWTb Co3ziaTb HW Coxpa- 
HUT TOTS TIOPAQORS, KOTOPHH TONLKO HW OWTh BOSMOKEH'b,— 
BBAb He AAaPOMb 2X VIAN OHD AX! 

— Jfa HW MNoO3qHO Telepb YUYHTb,—AyMaIb oHb.—Eenu co- 
pBeTca, 3HaIvTb, A HUKYNa HerOwHHA HawyaJbHMRb Hf He 3a 
cBoe wbio Baanca... Bo BCAKOMb cayuab, Telepb CMBO—IHO 
6H10 Of BONHOBaTbCA! Yepe3b HbCKOIbKO MHHYTb MeHA 
*NeTh CMePTh... BHTb MO%KeTS, H He y3Han A pesyJbTa- 
TOBD... 

Ho 9Ta NocYBAHAA MHCIb Wokasatacb eMy CJIMIIKOMD 
CTpaHHot!, Henpiemiemow. .PesybTaTb aTakA OH, KOHeUHO, 
y3HaeTb, HY, & Table CMeprTs. 

He cMOTPA ONHaKO Ha TaKiA pascyRewis, OH He MOIS Co- 
BepMleHHO, Kakb 9TO OHIO eMY HeOOXOHMO, MO6OPOTA cBOe 
BoWHeHie H BepHYTb ceOB cnokolictBie A ACHOCTb Ayxa, CTOJIb 
HeOOXxOLUMHA JA yupaBleHia 3TOM Maccoll woe. BorHoBana 
ero He MHCJb 0 CMeEpTH, Hac6OpoTb—9Ta MHCIb ero ycnoKau- 
Bala, BOJHOBaIH ero coo6paxkeHif, CBA3QHBHA Cb BO3MOKHO- 
CThO Apyroro wcxonwa. OHB Web, kakb BCerga, TBEPAHMU, 
6o1bMIMMH WaraMvW, HapyKXHO cHoKOnHHH A yBBpeHHNH Bb 
ce6b, H HHKTO H3b CIBAOBABDINXE 38 BHMD He NOMO3sphBand 
fame, KaKYNO yMeBHyW Oopb6y NepesxkuBab ONS Bb 9TH MH- 
HYTH. MrHoBeHiaMH, H MMeHHO TOMa, Korga OTBIeKAaICA OB 
OTb MHCIH 0 HEHSOBKAHOCTH CMEPTH, KABAN0Ch eMY, ITO BCe 
NOTepAHO, ITO BIepeqH HKNeTb ero NOs0p'b, ITO, ONT MOReETH, 
ayame, M0Ka He NO32HO, NOBEPHYTh NOIKb Hasalt, BHBECTH 
H3b 9TOYO IIpOKJIATarO PaowAHa, IPHBeCTH Bb MOPADOKb U 
ye TOra JBUNHYTECA Boepextb. Bb Takid MHAHYTH CTpanIHO 
XOTBIOCh CMY OCTAHOBUTLCA HJM, eCIM HE OCTAHOBHTbHCA, TO 
XOTh MOBEPHYTECA HW TIOCMOTPBTb Aa NONKb, HW FrpomMaynaro 
TpyZa CTOHIO eMYy 3aCTABMTE ce6A He OTIADNBATECA. HW Bce-Takn 
He MOI OHS yepxKaTbcA OTH TOTO, YTOOH Kak b-HHOYAb Hesa- 
MBTHO, OOMAHHBaA camMoro ce6s, He KHNYTb KOcoro Baraada 
BB cTopoHy. Ho BuyHO OHNO OFeHb MaO, MOUTH Hero. 
Babso orb ce6a Muxansb IlapnoBHyb 4yBCTBOBAaNS MONHBH- 


a9 HAHAHA. 


Dlili GeslopALOKb; TAaKb Kazaoch eMy MoTOMy, ¥To WbBbe ero, 
WHOA Take o6roHAA ero, Welrb pocinh, pwxill comarh, 
KOTOPHH, 8aKMHYBb BUHTOBKY 8a Tles0, OObMMH pyKaMH HeCb 
KOTENOK' Cb CYMOMb, KOTOpH# brb TYTh Xe, Ha xozy. Octa- 
HOBATCH, Xe6HeTh pasb, Apyrof, moToMb ObBromMt ObKuTS 
Biepeqb HW ONATH OcTaHOBATCA. Comgata sToro, KpacHaro, MoT- 
Haro, Muxannb Ilapnopuyb HeHaBHABIb Bb 9TY MHHYTY H, Cb 
ycunieMb BCHOMHHBS, ITO 9TO Mpasoianropwli 2-H porn, HB- 
CKONbKO pasb NOpwBaca oOOpyratb, MoOuTh Hw WocwaTb Ha 
M'BCTO. 

— Coschmb He Ha MbCTS waeTb, Mep3aBerb!.. Ha kapTh 
cTouTb Bce! Bce Moe IIpomistoe, Bce Moe Oyqyulee, a OB CO 
cBoumMb cymompb!.. Kakie crotH! Ectb-1u Ha cBbTé 4To-HHOyIb 
nolrbe pycckaro comzata! Onn MOryTb OTKazaTbcA OTb BCELO, 
HO TOJIbKO He OTS o6bza! 

A pHxili commaTb, He Toyo3phBas BoBce, YTO KOMAaHAUPh 
mouKa, YeNOBBKD, CTOABUIH TAaKb BHCOKO, ITO MOITH Yb H 
He Ka3aJiCA FOB BKOMD, OTHHIKIb eTO CpeqH Macch Apyruxb 
COmMaTh, MpoOMoIKarb XMe6aTb CBOM CyWb, BHOrMa BAallyCKab 
Bh KOTCIORD MaIbUb, BATACKHBATb KapTopeNHHy H, Cb allue- 
THTOM'D, IMOKAA M KYS, CEBIAIb ee HU, BEChbMa DTOBONLHNA CBO- 
Mb OOBAOMD, CMBAICA, ITO-TO OOPMOTAaIb U BHTUPAIb Dalby 
IIPAMO O IITAHH. 

OToTh commaTh 6hewnb Muxansa ITapyopuya, H OD CTa- 
pasicd He CMOTPBTb Bb ero CTOPOHy. 

Copapa Ww HBCKOABKO C3agqH DIN0 3HaMA, CTapoe, Ooenoe 
3HaMA HONKa; YeXONb ONS CHATS H DoNyucTrbamie, noyep- 
HBBuTie OTb BpeMeHH AOCKYTBA Tpeiatuch BBTPOMb. 3HaMsA 
UNO TAKEO, PACKAIMBAACh, UBMIAACL 8a CTeOIM Tacuana; 7Ba 
ACCHCTeHTAa TOMOraiH 3HAaMeHUIAKY, pasiBurad lipeaqb HUMb 
cre6au. TyTb OHIb HBKOTOPHH NOPATOK, Takb, 00 Kpalineli 
MBpb, Kazanocb Muxanuay [lapnopuyy, KoToparo BHA 93TOTO 
3HaMCHH YMHJIAIS HW MPHBOLMAb BL BOCTOPlb. OK AyBCTBO- 
Bab, ITO 3HAMA OTO OHO YaCTHIeW Yero-TO BeHKAaro, rpo- 
MalHaro, TAaKOrO TpOMalHaro, ATO OTIBIbHH GOB BRS coBep- 
IeHHO OescrbaHO TOHeET, CTHpaeTCA Wpelb sToH rpomManol,— 
H KOrga BUI OHS TO 83HaMA, KOTM2 YYBCTBOBAID Ha cedb, 
Kakb BbeTb OTb HELO WpeBHel, BBKOBO! UPABHIKol BlacTBO- 
BaTb HaJ'b JIOXbMH, C€MHA COMH'BHIA H KONeOaniA ero KasaslHCch 
eMy KOILYHCTBCHAHMH. 

Takb, BOMHYACh H OOPACh Cb caMuMh coool, Memb Muxannh 
[laBqoBH4'b MHHYTD ABadvatb U, HAaKOHeLb, NOYYBCTBOBaI, ITO 
ycTayb, 4TO Danbule HATH ye HeIb3A. OH'b OCTAHOBHIICA U 
KPHKAY1'b,—,, NOUTAHHCH!“ JlecATKH TONOCOBD MOAXBaTUAM HM Te- 
pewaiu Wpukasanie, U HBRoTOpoe BpeMA CONLATH, Kakb OyATO 
OaJIOBCTBa payH, MepeKINKaIHCh Mex Ty co6oh Bb Yauxb, 


INPOTHB?” COBHMA . 23 
w 
— TloqTauuch! — BomMITE KTO-TO TEHOPKOMh HA KpaitH ed 
rbpoMb iaHrs. 


— TloqTannch, cykHHn btu! — pepbrs 6acomMb KkanuTaHb 
 Koau0B. 

OrcTaBMIHXb 6HN0 MHOrO Hu, Korma Biepequ BCe yxe 3aa- 
MOJKIO, C380 ONTO elle CIHMAICA Welecrh H TpecKb J0- 
MaBMmMarocd raouAaHa. , 

Bp 9To Bpema HaBcrpbuy Muxausy Dasnosayy no TrponunKSB 
6HCTpO Dia, MOUTH ObxKaNa, KyIka commarb. Habboxast now 
BOUJOTHYH Ha OPHITEPOBb, KOTOPHX' OHM He 3aMBTilNH, CONaTH 
9TH HCHYTasHCbh WH MeTHYMUCb Bb CTOPOHY, H XOTA XOTBI0Cb 
BM’ OBKaTb, HO OHH Depellnu BE Walb, CTapasch, WpoxonA 
MHMO, ONTb IPHIHIHHMH. Maxanab Ilapnopuyh ux He OCTA- 
HOBHJIb HW He pasclpocHyb, Takb Kakb 3Halb, ITO KPOMB IKH, 
COSHATeEILHOH H OescosHaTeNbHOH, HHGerO HE YCUNWUTS, a 06- 
CTaHOBRa Ola eEMY H TAKS AOCTATOUHO ACHa.—,,CTpaHHO TObKO, 
MoweMy TAK Malo WoManaetca ObraeqoRR W pakeHHxb“,—nN0- 
XYMas'b OHD, HO CeHGacd Re BCHOMAHID, UTO C3aqH Nosuuin, 
lob CONKOH, HAHCKOCh Bb THI Halley UpaBomy dagry 
ma opora, 10 KOTOpOH, OYeBUAHO, W YXOAHAU NOAM Cb NO3u- 
tin. Wloka nowTarupanuch, NpHuUII0 EMY Bb TONOBY BHIBAHYTb 
TpeTili O6aTanbOHb Bb MepByW IHHIN, HO, MOCMOTPBBb Kpyromt, 
OHb TOTUACL-2xKe OTKAsaICA OT osTOTO Ham'Bpewis. Puoxili co.1- 
JaTb, BOCMONb30BaBIMIMCh OCTAHOBKOH, MpACBIb Ha KOPTOUKH 
TOPONIHBO, OOkuradch, BIb cBoH cyn’b. Upyrie bau ctosx. Hb- 
KoTOphHe He BH, a OepexkHO HeCIH CBOH KOTCJIKH, OTRIAINBaA, 
OFe€BHOHO, OOBUD NO Gonbe yoo6uaro BpeMeHuH, HM ONO ACHO 
0 JHUaMh, ITO HHKakoe puKasanie He B8aCTaBUTb UXb pas- 
CTATBCA Cb STHMH KOTCIKaME. 

— Ecam ,Tamb“ eme fepxatca, To ycirbo nepecrpouTnca. 
Kakb BHUAY Heb TadsAHa, a eCJIM ,,TAaMb“ OYeHb MWIOX0, TO HC 
TONBRO GesouwesHo, HO H OacHO HadHHaTb NepectTpoenie,— 
onyMaxb Muxanipb I[lapnopayb, BCHOMHHaA COBa cTaparo 
waiopa-KaBKa3slla, CKasaHHHA eMYy elle Bb OHTHOCTS el'0 MOVJIO- 
IHMb o*unepoMb,—,Korga WoONoKeHie sallyTHBaeTCa, — a OHO 
Kb pBMUTeIbHOMY MOMeHTY BCerga sallyTHBaeTca, CIbAyeTh 
IIpHHHMATE pbulenie npocrbumee, a U3b BCBXS NPOCTHXS ABU- 
meni, CaMoe IpocTroe—BUHYTSCA Bileper'b... Ubu sanyTanAbe 
H Taxerbe o6cTaHoBKka, ThMb KpPboye HY2KHO WepxeaTLcn pasb 
IpHaATaro pbuleHis, MBHATH-2%Ke eFO MORHO MMM Torgfa, Korya 
oOCTaHOBKa COBePMICHHO BHACHHIACh, — BOTb BaM’b H BCA Tak- 
THKa Bb 60n*!.. 

— Cb Boroms! — xpakayib Muxaunp [aspnopuy,h u_ mo- 
Heb, HO UpotaA wBCKOABKO OlarOBh, OCTAHOBHJICH Mopaxkeu- 
HHH, OrryOewHnH: cpequ xa0ca 3BYKOBb, HeCOIMXCA Cb M03H- 
WIN, HCHO PasTHIWA'b Of'b OLWHOYRMe BHCTP BIH ANONCKOH BUH- 





24 HAHA 4. 


TOBKH.—Ta-Tax! Ta-Taxb!—CIHIMaIHCh ryb-TO COBChMS O1H3KO 
pbskie, ABOHHHe yoapH STO BUHTOBKH. 

— Heyxenu? Tocnonzn, pce Konyeno!.. Uto a Hapbuar!..— 
Bb yRach AyManb Maxanns Ilapnopayp.—Bce kon eno! IloaqHo 
IIpeiNpHHuMaTb YTO-HHO6yazb!.. [Cocnoyqu, MpuyMw MOW meprTBy, 
MOW 2KH3Hb, HO CDacH NOK H MeHA OTS Mos0pa!.. — MoMICA 
OHb H, CHABb DPYpakky, HBCKOUbKO pasb Depekpectuiica, cMo- 
TDA IpAMO Depeyb co6oH Ha KyOFeKb Heba. 

CrapHyoKb, OaTabOHHHH KOMAaHIUpb, yBua'bBb, yTo Mu- 
XaHub [lapnoBuyb KpeCTHTCA, MCIYrasica, OH TONbKO Tellepb 
NOHANL, KYTa UUeTb, W, TOPOMNIBBO CHABD DYPaxkKy, CTANb MO- 
JMTBCA. AJbIOTAHTD, TOPHHCTh, OapadaHWuKb, axe paxil 
CONMAaTh, BCB BAPyI’b NOHHIH, ITO HYMHO MPHFOTOBHTLCA Kb 
YeMY-TO BAXKHOMY; BCB CHAIN PypaxkkH wu KpecTuuCh, H'BKO- 
TOphe wWenltTaiu ryOaMH CNOBa MOJHTBH, HBKOTOPHe pocTo 
CMOTPBIH Blepeyb HUCHyraHHHMH, IWHpoOKO-pacKpHTHMH Tsa- 
3amMu. Kakb 6yATO uckpa mpoOBxana no nomy. Muxanazp Ia- 
BIOBHYD He BUABIb, KaKb Ha KpahHeMb WpaBomb Mian ka- 
Ne€UbMeHCTeph, eEXb, CHAE Dypaxky HW Cb HH8KHMH MOKIO- 
HaMH Bb 38€MIN KPeCTHJICA KaTOUMIeECKUMDb KPeCTOMD; Kak Ha 
ApyroMb daub, whsomb, Kapnryma, KoMaHupsb 5-H potn, 
I104eEMY-TO BHIMeWMIM Co CBOHMH JHOXbMM ClO0a, XOTA 9TO H HE 
OHNO ero MBCTO, DepekpecTuica, a NOTOMb MOAHAND Cb 3eMIU 
TOpcTOUKy elle MOKpOH OTL JOXAA seMIH MU TNOCHINaNb ew 
ceOB rpyaqb HW Kakb HECKOILKO WeCATKOBS COUMaTh eFO poTH 
Ipowbasad TO we caMoe, axe eBpefi AdpaMcoH’b, DOHABS 
o6panh, OnaroroBbHHo CHAN Wanky YW KOMKOME CHpol 3eMJu 
BHMasalb ce6b pyOamky uw Noronn. Huyero storo He MOrb 
BuETS Muxanab Wasnopayt, HO OBB TOYYBCTBOBaIh, Kak 
HeCBHIMMHA HATH COCXHHHIM ero Cb KaxkKTHMb M3'b YeTHPeXb 
THCAYA COMaTb, pasCHUaHHHXb Bb ITOMB [aoNAHOBOMD 075, 
10 CTpaHHHM’b, HEYJOBUMHM' IIpushakaM’b, 10 OcobeHHOMY Ie- 
necTy H TpecKy raoJsHa MOHAN, ITO COMLaTH TOPONATCA 3a- 
HATb CBOH M'BCTa, CrpYAUThCA BOKPYI'b CBOUX' HayAJIbBHAKOBD, 
H OHDB TBEPAO H PbUIMTeIbHO NOMIeNb Bhepesb, H HH O YeEMDb 
6oNbWIe He TYMaIb 20 Camaro KOHUa ,J’ba‘; He OHIO HHKa- 
KHXS COMHA'BHIM, HHKAKUXB BOMPOCOBS; 6HNO TONLKO TO, TO 
HMBIO HeMOCpeACTBeEHHOe OTHOMIeHIie KB bay“. 

Bce sto Bpema Ulypa menb 0 NATaMb 38 CBOMMD OTUOMB. 
Cuataia uMBI'b OHS Bb BUY 4TO-TO CKa3zaTb EMY, AOFOBOPUTh, 
HO HambpeHie 3TO Kakb-TO camo Co6oH Mpomio UW OH’ Mexa- 
HHYeCKH Wielib, CaMb He 3Had, Kya u 3axvbmMb. Bb ronoBh 
OHNO TARO, Bb BACKAXb CTY4IAIO, HH O YeEMb He DyMaocb 
4 BCe, ITO IPOHZONIO MH UpOMCXOAUTh, Kasaloch TAKC.INMS 
KouMapomb. Korga sBcb OCTaHOBHJHCb H OH’ OCTAHOBMICH, 
KOPMa KPYVOMb Hava KPecTHTLCA, M OH'b, CHABb *ypaxkKy, 


BPUTHh COABTIL\. 25 


MAIMHaJIbHO TepekpecTHica HBCKONBKO pa3b. Bata1bosaHl 
KOMAaHIEpb DoOMoMeIb Kb HEMY H, TPOHYBb 28 W1e%0, THXO 
ckazaIb—,Mnure-ka Ha cBoe mBcTo! [Ipaso, ayame!..~—, la, a 
nony cefivach*,—oTsbrunb Iilypa cepbesuHmMb WH rpyCTHHMb 
rOHOCOMb,—Kakb OYUTO DOHA TO, YTO OHIO CMY CKAa3aHO, HO 
HHKYya He NOME, & OCTAICA CTOATH C3aqH OTA, a, KOra TOTb 
JIBHHYJICA, H ONS NOMeTb 38 HAMS, HACTONbKO MaJlO COsHaBban 
ce6A H OKPyXaWMuXh, ITO, Korma wiTadb-ropHucrb, KOTOpOMy 
BCe STO MOKasas0Cbh HEUPHIHYHHMD, OTTOAKHYID ero HW 8aBAID 
cBoe M'BCTO C3aiw KOMangupa nouka, [lypa wokopHo non4H- 
HHICA HW MOMMeNCA 3&8 POPHHCTOMD, a TOTIKA Kak OyATO Wu He 
3aMBTHIb ame. 

Mexny ThMb TaoAHb 3aMBrHO pbb. Yxe CKBOSb BU- 
eub OHJb TEMHHH MaCcHBD comku. Buctpbin, KPUKH OnJIU 
CIHMIHH yxe COBCBME 6nH3K0. Hakie-TO JWUH CTpeMrsaBb 
6bmanu Nob ropy HaBcTpbiy. OqHAb A8b UUXb Habba 
Ha Muxaua IlasnoBuua AH yuanb eMy Ob HOrH, nopakeHaHh 
MaIbHOW OYNeW BL 3aTHIOKb, OTKYa K1UeM’b 3a0H1a KPOBb. 
Muxansrb Ilapnopayb 6pesrmHBo Wlarhy.Th yepesb TpelleTaBmee 
eme ThI0 H Tomenrb Jatbme. ONb yxe MOHAN BCe, HO HH 
cTpaxa, HH KoweOaHnia He OMLyWaAb HX OHID COBepnIeHHO yBS- 
peHb, XOTA H He BUABIG CBONXD COMMATS, ITO KAKIHH Usb 
HHXB TakxKe TBepAO HZeTE Bueped’b. OHO WHUCTBHTCIbHO TAKS 
H O6n10. Kaan Bb OTA BIHOCTH MVM BeCb MONKS Bb WBAOMD 
CHaIala Kakb 6YATO pacTBOPHAMCh, 3ATePAIACh BD ITOK Wah, 
HO, Kakb TOULKO OWA YUYAHA ODACHOCTh, ANMAH CTaIH ACKaTb 
Apyrb Apyra, #kaTbcA Apyr’b Kb Apyry; Mb phe ctaHo- 
BHICH YTaouwAH'’b, TBMB KOMOAaKTH'Be Macca, ABHTaBUaACA Bb 
Hemb. Hecmie cy ocTopoxHo, SepexHO cTaBHJIM CBO KO- 
TeIKH Ha seMJI0 TpynolaMu, 0 NATH, 10 WIeCTh KOTeIKOBE pa- 
OMb, WH DOTOMb ObatalH Ha MBcTO. Bbesnopayoynaro Wyma H 
TpecKka OHIO TopasqoO MeAbIMe, He TONbKO IOTOMY, ITO CaM 
TaOIAHb CTaIb pbme, HO H MOTOMY elie, ITO TNDH WAH BHU- 
MaTeIbHO. KpwkoBb yxe He OHJI0, — NpHKa3zania OTTaBANuCh 
BHONTON0Ca, Bb TOJHOK yBBpewHOCTH, ITO YCJHDIAHH OHM, 
KEMB HYRAO, OynyTb. HbckoIbKo Mysb, CMa4HO WeIKHYBOIMXD 
10 PaOIAHOBHMS JACThAMD, HBCKOADKO OBrenoBh, HadbxasB- 
IUXb HA NOIK, TOMLKO yYKpBNHIA HacTpoeHie. OHH MOJO- 
HOH, BOsOyRTCHHNH H, OYEBHIHO, 20 CMepTH HalyraHHn cou- 
WaTukh, 6esb pyxXba OBxKaBWi cb NOsHuIH, HATKHYBIIMCh Bb 
raoisHb Ha CBOHXb HW He MNOHABD, Bb YeMb I'M0, KPURBY Tb: — 
nd XONH, peOata, Bce nponano!.._—, [IpoxoaH, mpoxogu, 3eMJIARD! 
OnaroyapuH bora, yTo cach, u opoxonu!“ rposHO KPHKHYyNb 
eMy yHTepb-opuneps. ComaTH, o6xoaa, cypoBo KocHaucb 
Ha HallyraHHaro NapHUMIKy U MIM Tasbile, ele Kp bide CKu- 
Mad CTBONH BUATOBOK® H pasiBpurad cTe6H raouwaHa He py- 


26 HAH XE . 


KaMH, Kakb DWBIaIH 3TO OHH HBCKONbBKO MMHYTDS Hasalb, & 
OCTPiAMM IITHKOBD, Kakb-6H HalyibBaa Bpara. 

IIpotiaa raoisat, Muxanrp DasioBuyTb BHIDeNIb Ha JoOpory, 
HaHCKOCh NOXHHMAaBIyhcA Ha ropy. be3b Bcakuxdb Komedanili, 
HH H&A Ce€KYHIY He OCT&HOBHBIIMCh, IOBEPHYJICA OHS BB MONb- 
o6opoTa Harbso WH NoWlesb 00 WOporB BBepx’d. Cb rped6ua rpyi- 
18MH Bb UPHIPHAKY, BHCOKO NOAHABDS KOpOTKiaA 6€3b MITHKOBD 
BHATOBRY, OBKaIM IIH Bb KeITHXh, UBBTa ,xXaku“, KHTe- 
uaAxb. Camad 6o0bmIad Trpyoma eNOBBRS Bb WBalvatTh Obxana 
no goporb. Muxanis Hapnopayh Bubb AXb UW TBEpPAO, He 
TIpHOaBlad WH He yOaBIAA Mary, WOWesb UM’ HaBCcTpByy. 

Bapyrb, monn, Obmxapurie Cb TOpH, OCTAHOBHJIHCh Kakb 
BRKODaHHHe, DopaxkeHHHe HeORMTAHHOK BCTp bye. 

YUMBIeEHIe H YRACh, OXBATHBIMMIe- ITUXS WOReH HU BHDasuB- 
miech Ha HXb JIMUAXb, Depewqanuch Muxausy [lapnopayy 4, 
Kora OHM HEOMAMAHHO OCTAHOBHIUCh, UW OL OCTAHOBHICA. Bee 
9TO BPeMA BUeVTIBHiA BOCIPHHHMAIHCh UMb OTYeETINBO HU 
MHCIH Bb BUD’ KOPOTKUXS, ACHHX'b SOpMyAb OTIeKAaHHBA- 
JMCb Bb MO&ry, HO IeCBeCAbHYTb XOTA-6W OHAMB MYCKYIOMb 
OHB He MOI”. OND BUUBIS, KAKS BHXOTMIM 3b TraodsHa CO- 
WaTH ero M0Ka, Kakb OYTO BHIOPHTHBAIH 3b ITOK Wau, 
Cb XHU[HHMH, CBHPBOHMH JIMWaMH, HO, BHCKOYMBE Ha WCTOe 
MBCTO, TOTYACh OCTAHABIUBAIUCh H TilasaMH uckanu ero. ORB 
UYBCTBOBAIb Ha CeO‘ 9TH COTHH, THCAY T1asb WH NOHUMAJID, 
WTO eMy HeOOXONMMO KPHKHYTS ,ypa“, MAXHYTb XOTA OH py- 
KOH... HaTb TOMYEKL MOryyeMy 3B BPH, WpucbBLIeMy, saMepluemy 
Tepeb NOCIBXHUMb IpHRXKOMS, — HO Topo ero ciasMaTu4e- 
CKH C#XanloCbh HM He TOJBKO KPHKHYTb, HO H B3Z0OXHYTb OHS Ae 
Morb. YepHwWe Kpyru 3aX0qHuH y Hero Nepexb rasa. 

— Q6MOpOKE!—CB y2RACOMB DOLYMab Ob, LYBCTBYA, Kak, 
CHI ero MOKHAaWTh BW WpokatTh Ko.bHH. 

Bb 9TO MrHuBeHie, Korda Hallpsmeuie, Cb KAKUM’ HBCKOMbKO 
THCAYL YNOBBKS CMOTPBIO APY Ha Apyra, MOcTursAo, Kasa- 
JOCb, BHCMeH TOUKH LH ROUKHO S6HIO paspBhOINTbCA Bb TY 
mu60 Opyryd cropouy, Muxannb [lapnopuys yCInMmalb caaiu 
ce6a caa6oe, ofMHOKOe ,ypa* MH, Ol IAHYBUIMCL, YBUABIb CHHAa 
cpoero Ilypy, nepe6bmeaBnmaro fopory HW NoqHuMaBMaroca OB- 
roMb WpAMO Ha TOpy, UpH YeMb IyTb He Ha KaxIOMB mary 
OH CHOTHKaJICA BH CMBIIHO B3M&aXHBalb pykaMu,—Bb Upasoli 
epHKalb OH'b oOHaKeHHY10 Wamky, a Bb BBOH—HOKHH. Cua- 
6HM, BU8rIHBHH ronocb IilypH ToTyacb 2xe YTOHYb, OWIb 
IOKPHTb APOCTHHMB PeBOM, Cb KOTOPHMS NONKb Opocwica 
Bliepeh. ANOHUN MOBepHYAM H 106bxanM BBepxt, Nanad, XBa- 
TAACh 3&8 KYCTH H KaMHH. 

Toppucth Conopbesh noxxBaTantb Muxauuia [apnopuya 10a 
pyky cb mpaBol cTopoHH, a pHxRili CouaTb, OTYTHBULcAa 


I1POTHB'b COABNA. 27 


TYTS 2e,—CIBBA HW OHH MOBEIH eFO OCTOPORHO, BBEPXb 10 
noporb. ComsaTH O6roHAIH WXb, 4YTb He 3a7'bBaA WITHKAMY, 
rpy6o TonKanu, mepecbKkaad opory, H& 4TO CONOBbeBb 9HEp- 
THUHO pyrasica. 

— Omaxbau, cponoyn!.. Ipurasxete sce mo goporé untu, 
Balle BHCOKOONaropomie?—sadoTiMBo CIIpocHybh ond Muxausa 
TlapnoBHya TaKHM’b TOHOMS, Kakb eCIHON YYJIAIH OHH BB 
WapKs. 

— Hbrs, Belu mpAmMo Bb ropy,—cnoKohHO OTBETHNE TOTS, 
TAKE KaKb eMY XOTBIOCh OHTb DOCKOpBe HaBepxy, H He TOJBKO 
Wd TOrO, YTOOH OFNIABTbCA HW PAaCUOPARUTHCA, HO A ANA TOF, 
4YTO6H YBUUBTS, KAKS CFO cOMMATH JOTOHAWTE UW pacdpaBIAWTcA 
Cb H€H&aBHCTHHMH M&JICHbKHMH COaTHKaMH, Kakb TpelWlarb ul 
JOM&aNWTCA IPHKIagbh, Kakb THYTCA UITHKH... 

Muxanp [laBioBHyb Bake 3acMBANCA KOPOTKUMD, 3106- 
HHMB CMBOIKOMD, & PHKIH COMMATS OOpanoBasicn, MOAXBaTHIb 
H Beceo 3apxKab. 

— TH TObKO NOCMOTpH, Balle BLIcOkoONaroponie, Kak'b HX'b 
OyYHYTb Kuactb! — KpHuab OBB BO BCe FopsO OPAMO Bb yxo 
KOMaHIUpy Houka, TBepO YBBpekHHH, He CMOTPA Hu Ha Kakis 
OOBACHEHIA TOCHONS OPMUeEPOBL, YTO BCA 9TA BOWHA, TAK Xe, 
Kakb Tapadbhl H CMOTPH, TOJbKO DIA TOTO H HYKAH, ITOOH Jo- 
CTABHTb YAOBOJbCTBIC ,AXb BHCOKOOIaroponiw*, HCKpeaAo pa- 
OBaICAH TOMY, ITO YOBOJILCTBie ,UXB BHCOKOOMaroponin~* j0- 
CTaBleHO, H He HaXOZWIb BO BCEMb 9TOMB HHIero AypHoro Ao 
TEXDb DOpd, NO Kpalneli mbpb, noka WHO He KOCHYM0Cb ALYHO 
ero H He HPWYHHANO eMy DHBHYeCKOH Go. 


VI. 


IlpomesyToKb MexLy TBMb MOMeHTOM', Korga Hypa 3akpu- 
Walb ,ypa*, H TBMb, KOrDa KPHKb YTOTH WoAXBaueHd OnNDd 
CONTaTaMH, OWJIL HHYTORAO MAJ'b, HACTONKO, YTO NpoHsoliny 
9TO Ha CMOTPY HH Ha Dapalb, caMH wWeleTHIbHHM Hayalb- 
HHE‘b, CYUTAWMIN BCe CcBOe CyacTie BB TOMB, ITOOH CONNaTH y 
Hero ABHTaIVCh, KPH, Maxaia pyKaMu BCb—Kakb O2UHS, 
H TOTB He OO6paTHtb 6H BHHMaHiA Ha TO, ¥TO Bomb y Ilypy 
BHPBaJICAd H&a O2HO MIHOBeHie paHble, YHMb BLIPBwICA OH y 
BCBXb IpOYNXb YUACTHHKOBS <'bla», HO ONarowapaA OCcoOHM'’b 
YCNOBIAMS .wW2nosenze 9TO Npiod6pbro BE riaszax’b BC'BXd WoLeH, 
Kak’ YWaCTBOBABLUHXb Bb 3STOMb Abb, TAakb WH HE ydWacrTBO- 
BaBLUHXb, & JHU CIWWAaBIIHXb O HEM’, OY€Hb BaKHOe 3Hate- 
Hie; OHO Jake Malo 10 Maly, Kak’b-TO HesaM'BTHo In BCBXS 
VUaCTHHROBh, OYEBUALeEBb H pasCKasINKOBb, PacTAHY.AOCL 70 
TAKHXS pasM'BpPOBs, YTO BHKOTOpHE ycuban OypzTO OH Bb eTo 


28 HadH A ‘b.. 


BpeMA Jacke YTO-TO TakOe NOMyMaTb, a KaNHTAaHS Kos10Bs, Dba- 
HH 3aluTHHKs Iilyph, BosnaraBMit Ha Hero OoubMiA Hawex- 
Il Bb CMHCIB BHMBBAnIA, TAK IPAMO YBBpANb, ITO KDPUK- 
Hyb,—<an-na, Ulypa! Monoyembl» xoTa He TOJbKO KPHKHYTS, 
HO M DOMyMaTb OHB HaYero He ycrbD. 

Cam® Illypa coBepmieHHO He NOMHHJIb, NOYeMy HW Kakb O- 
6bxKaNb OH Ha ANOHUCBb, 1a H HAKTO pBOATeIbHO He OOpa- 
THN® BHUMAHiA Ha BTOTA (pakTb (KpomM’B Muxauna Ilapnosaga, 
y KOTOparo MOMeHTD STOTH OCOOeHHO OTYCTIMBO salledaTIbACA 
Bb MO&@ry), H TOIbKO ropa3sqo Wo3me, Kora CTaIH BCHOMMHATb 
BC TOmpo6HocTu WhIa,—KTO ITO CKasab, CUb1aAIb HK ITO N0- 
yMadb, Torga BCnOMHUIM wu UocTynoKs Ilypy u Bch pbmara 
YTO 3TO nodsuzs uw ATO Ilypa zepow (Cb TOFO BPeMeHH .12H0¢e- 
Hie WH CTaNO PAaCTAMBATbCA), MepBoe we BpeMA, T. €. UMeHHO 
Tora, Kora, Kasatocb-6n, repo OWIH HYKHH WU AOJDKAH OH- 
mH-6H OHTb y BCBXDb Ha Buy, Ulypa ne TombKO HH ANA Koro 
He OHJI'b repoeMh, HO Wake, Korma On'b, WIA Yero-To ObraA Mo 
OKOMaMb, yKe 38HATHMD POTAMU, HATKHYJCA Ha CBOero OaTaIb- 
OHHArO KOMaHZHpa, TOT HakpHiasb Ha Hero H IIpuKaszayb emy 
OTMpaBUTbcA Kb CBoeH poTb. Llypa xorbua OHNO OTBBTUTE, 
GTO OHS He 3HaeTb, ry'b poTa, HO Bb 3TO BpeMA YBUHI CBoe- 
ro ReHbiquka OAHdyKa, ACKaBUaro ero mo upHkasaHin Kap- 
ty OH. 

— Bana Onaroponia! Bama 61aropozia!—panocTHo KpHya'b 
ONAHTYKR HW Yaga ero, Bcerga HAOTCKH-uCOyraHHhe H 
Bcerga OespHivHHO pasnpaxaBimie Ilypy, rnaybuu Beceo u 
CMBI0. | 

Iilypa, ysunbap Onanyyka, KoTOparo OH CHCTeMaTUYeCKH 
THPaHHI'b MeCJIKHMH UPHAMpKaMH, Tenepb HeckasaHHo o6payo- 
BaJICH eMy HM Opocuuca HaBcTpbry. 

BoepBhle, 3&8 HBCROIbKO MBCALLEBb COBMBCTHOH 2xXH3HN, 
OHH JOOOBHO M panocTHo cMOTphuH Apyrb Apyry Bb Miaza. 
lilypa chia BOmpocaMu,—kakb pota, ITO KaUuTaHd HT. U., 
Kakb CCHHOH Ob USAW Tomb yee ONT Bb OTIYIKS. Onau- 
4yKb HUYerO He MOIb OTBBTHTh Ha 3TH BOMPOCH H BCe BOsBpa- 
Walch Kb TOMY, Kakb «BCR COyKaNach», KOrLa 3aM Brau, 4TO 
Ulypy pu porb Hbrb, Hw eMy Kasalocb, ITO A'bUCTBUTeNLHO 
BCA poTa MCHyrasiach, XOTA Ha CaMoM’ B15 HUKTO, KpOM' Hero 
caMoro H A0OOphumaro KauntTana, Take He 3aMBIab OTCYTCTBIA 
lilypw. 

Kapaymia Kpbnko o6uarb 4 TpoeKpaTHo NowbaoBans Llypy. 
Onb Bubb, Kakb Ilypa no6bxarb Ha ANOHUeBb, HW NOHAND 
aHavenle 9TOIO akTa, HO He CYNTAaNIb HYKXAHMb MW YAOOHHMDS 
HadHHaTb 066 3TOMb FOBOPHTD. 

— Ckopbe 3akycnBalite, Bhineiite Yero-HH6yub... noaKpb- 
MTech... ceHYaCh OYAeTh WIOX0... HAaYHYTb kapuTb apTWvie- 


IIPOTHBS COARIA. 39 


pie#...—sackoBo cKasanb ond Iilypb.—A a noligy pacnopa- 
RYCH. 

Pota 8&aHHMana OKO, 1I0XO BHCTPOeHHHH, H'BCKOJLKO HH- 
me rpeOHA Ha KaMeHHCTOM, TBEPAOMS IpyHTb. CowaTH elle 
He BCB coOpaluch; wBRoTOpHe yOBxaIH Janeko Riepent, ro- 
HSACh 38 ADOHUAMH, H He XOTBAU BOsBpallaTbca, NOKa He 110- 
Tai 1O0b CHIbHNH apTHinepilickif oroHb: Apyrie PHCKalH 
10 NO8HUiH, PasHCKHBaA PAaHeEHHX’b, BOZHIHCh OKONO TpPyMOBb, 
BHBOPadHBaA KapMaHH, CHUMaA WU TIpHMBpAa Ba ce6a 3a6aB- 
Hoe MYHOUPH, WHHeIM. Kapayula pacnopaymica oTopaBATb 
YHTepb-oullepa ch ABYMA PATOBHMH WIA JOBNH OTCTABOIMXS 
H OTOHBOIHXCA, & CQMb 3aHAJICA YCOOKaHBaHieMb poTH. 

— Hy, pe6atymku, kyWalite ckopBe KTO 4TO MOKeTS, & TO 
nosyHo 6yyers... 1 nonpapnat OpycrTBepb,—cehyach apTusie- 
pif HaqdHeTh iyweTs... Becerbu, Becenbu, pe6ata, padotal,— 
NOKPHRKHB&ab OH. 

— Jloasponbte 106urth, Balle BHCOKOONaropozie,—Nonpocwica 
MaJIeHbRIM, KOpeHacTHH CONaTh Cb MIMPOKRHM KPyHMb JH- 
LLOM'’b. - 

— Kyna te6b 6bxath? 

— Takb 4TO, Bame Oaroposie, 3& KOTEIKOM, Kakb Ue 
Bb aTaky, A KOTENOK-TO MOTePATS. 

— Hy, uu, HUM... 

ComlaTb, B&ABb pyabe Bb WBBYD pyky, mo6bxas. 

Eine HBCKOALKO YNOBbKb MOMPOCUNOCh 3& KOTeEIKAMH. 

— ToubKo XUBO, KUBO PeOATYIMIKA,—OTIYCKad UX‘, TOBO- 
pHab Kapnyma. 

IIpeyckasanie ero onpaBmasoch ckopbe Jaxke, YhMb MOAHO 
OHNO ORMMTATb,—Ha WOsHIW Hally MOCHMaIuCch CHapasgH, [lep- 
Boe BPpeMA Hal OatapeH, CTOABWIA Bb CBANIOBHHS A ycrbawia 
HepeMBHHTE OO3HUi, OTBBYAI Ha OTOHb HeNpiATebCKOH ap- 
THunepin. Cyxie, pbskie BHCTPBIN HaWuxb opyaiii uw MOII- 
HHH BOW HalIMXb CHAaPANOBh pawoBanb WU BeCeNMNS m'BXOTY. 
Ho ckopo O6aTapew cTaJsH BCe pbxe OTBbYaTh Ha BHETPBIH He- 
(piateia, 2 MOTOMD uM BOBCe NpekpaTuuH ctpbab6y, yo Zao 
BOSMOXHOCTh ANOHWAMb COCPeAOTOIBTS OTOHb Ha rpe6us 3aua- 
TOMB OSxoTowH. TyTh BuepBHe Ibxota Halla 6HNa O6CTphuana 
Oco6HMB cioco6omb, AoTONB Hargb u HHKOra He TpakTHKO- 
BaBOIHMCA. 

OdctpbanBanie UBXOTHHXDB no3sunii apTusnepiickaM®d or- 
HeMb HM'BeTS CBOeH WBAbIO NOXTOTOBKY aTaku, AIA yero HeO6- 
XOXHMO NOTPACTH MOpaIbHO WBXOTY HACTONBKO, ITOOH ObescH- 
HT €€, JHUIMTh BOSMOKHOCTH COINPOTHBIATDCA, & STO JOCTH- 
raeTca He yOiliCTBOMb CTOJbKAXS TO HW CTOUbBKUXB-TO Jo ,eu; 
pota, NoTepaABilad jake 50°/,, Ble-TAKH MOKETL JATb OTMOPS, a 
BHBECTM H8b CTPOA TAKOe KOMMIeECTBO NOeH Ip NOMOIME ap- 





30 HAH AUB. 


THINepiickaro OfHA OYeHb TPYMHO, MOUTH HeBOSMOKHO, TAK 
Kakb apTusepilickii OrOHb CAMDIKOMB Mao AZBACTBUTeEICHD 
MH BCe 3HayeHie ero CBOXHTCA Kb TOMY MOPAIbHOMY THeTY, 
KakOli HMCHHTHBaeTA MBxX0TAa, CosHaNMlad momHoOe cBoe 6e3- 
cusie NpOTHBONOCTaBHTb 4TO OH TO HH OHO STOMY OFHD. 
OTO HaCTONbKO BBDPHO, ITO HANPHMBpPd WIAMOaa, T. eC. TpaHaTa, 
mbuctsie KoTopoH no nbxoTb ropasyo MeHbe WHUCTBUTeIbHO, 
"YSMB WhlictTBie MpalnhHelIH, Wyrata ofvHako wally mbxoTy x 
TOUbKO MOTOMY, ITO CONLATH 3HaJH, ATO Y ANOHLEBS BOTS ecTb 
IuMoaa, a y Hach: Hrd. Toumbrush sro cBoicTBO apTHepili- 
CkaroO OHA, ANOHCKie apTHepHCTH He saMeqInAn cabiath 
H8b 3TOrO CBOH BHBOAH H BHpadoTaH Takoll cloco6b cTp BLOM 
10 WBxoTh, KOTOPHH WpaBHbybe Bcero 60 OH HasBaTb «PHT- 
MH4eCKUM». 

[pe6enb, 3abATHH NONKOMS, pasa bend OHNb Ha TPH yuacTkKa, 
koTOphe HW OOCTPBIABAIHCh WocubOBaTeIbHO. CHapayH IIpHse- 
TAH NapaMu,—oHa MIMMO3a HW OHA WIpallHedb, NOTOMb CIb- 
nylomad apa, NOTOMB carbaAywiuas... darTbMb Orowb MepeHo- 
HOCHJICA Ha CIBLyOUI yIacTOKS HT. O. 

ADcKah MallinHa 9Ta paooTala Yach, MBa Cb TOYHOCTbW 
XpOHOMeTpa, HH Ha iOTy He OTCTyNad OTb saBeqeHHare’ TIopat- 
Ka: HM Yallle, HH pBxe, HAKAKUX'S TepepHBOBb HM 3aMHHOKD.. 
BuyepxkaTb Tako OFOHb Bb OONbWOH Nopuin HAKakad bxora 
He Bb COCTOAHIH,—CONMaTH UpOHHKalTCA MHCJIbW, ITO HMBHT'S 
WBIO Ch MepTBOH MallnHOH, OOBAAT KOTOPyl OHH, BOOpy- 
%xXCHHHe BAHTOBKAaMH, He HM'BOTS HHKAKOM HalexTH. 

Kakb TObKO Ha NOsHuil CTaiu Maat cHapagH, Kapryuia 
OTMpaBHJICA Ha cBoe MBCTO, Ha OONbOIOM kaMeHb cpeyu oKona. 
Tyrb-xe ycbuca u Ulypa, xora z06ponymank kKannTanb HBb- 
CKOJLKO pasb pearaswb eMy YKPHTBCA BD OKO. OTHOMeHIA 
HX'b, He CMOTPA Ha TO, 4TO OXOHAaA *KH3Hb BeCbMa cM0co6- 
CTBYeTS COMMKEHIN NNeH, HHKaKb He MOP yperyAHpoOBaTLca. 
Kanutanb m06uIb Llypy, m06n01b ero 3a MONOZOCTE, 3a Lo- 
PATHOCTb, HOH NOTOMY, YTO He OHNO Y Hero HHKOTO, Kb 
KOMY OH OHS MOIS NpuBasaTEca. Kb Ulypb orHocnacsa on'b Ch 
OcO60H H'BxXHOCTEN elle H NOTOMY, ITO OAD OHI CHHOMD 060- 
xaemaro Muxanaa Ilapnopuua; TYTD He OHNO KeMaHiA yrOAUTb 
KOMaHAupy NouKa, 1a TakKHMb OYTeMb HM HeJb3A 610 HHYeIO 
WOCTHrHYTh Y 9TOrO CypoBaro YeNOBbKa; Bb TOM HBXAOCTH, 
KoTopylo Kapayula poABIAb 10 OTHOWEHINO Kb MOIOIOMY 
CrapmoBy, CkasbBaJloch yBakeHie, HoITH OaroroBbiiHoe, Kakoe 
YYBCTBOBaIb OHS Kb OTLY, UY, OHTL MOKETD, Iilypa OHd'b Hejla- 
JeKb OTB UCTHBH, KOra BL MHHYTH pasipaxeHia YToBOpHIh 
ce6b, 4TO Bb TAKOMb OTHOMeHIM Kb HeEMY CTaparo kaluTaHa 
€CTb 4TO-TO CAMOYHHYMKaWllee, XAMCKOe,—,,COBCLMB Tak'b JeH- 
INMKM CTapHXb BpeMeHb an6unM u Oepermu OGapckoe yuTe“. 


EPOMABD COABIIA. $1 


OTO oTHOMeHie pasapaxano Lilypy. EMy, He cMOrpa Ha TO, 4TO 
CaMb OH'b OHI OYHb WaNekb OTb STOrO Heala, MeCYTAIOCh O 
HeyMOJIMMO-CTporoM'’b KB ceOB H NOLYHHEHHHMDS HatasIbHuK'B 
H TOBapHUIS, O KaKOMD-TO BOMTOMeHIH BCBXD COMAaTCKUX'D 
nos6pontreneti, tbM‘b-TO Bb pow'b cpesbeBBKOBarO MOHAXa-BOBHA, 
KaKHMb OHJB ero OTeu'b. YBH, Kapayuia MATKIH, CeHTUMeH- 
TaNIbHHH, MeHbe BCerO MONAXOLUNIb Kb THOY 9TOFO COpTa JW- 
nei u Ilypa cpasy Baanb mo OTHOMeHiID Kb HeMY TOHS BHCO- 
KOMBPHHH, WIYTHb CHHUCXOQUTC.IbHO, BHIOBapHBalb acto H 
pasipameHHO, NOMHHYTHO Hapyialb opaBa cBoero Hadaiibauka 
H, KANPH3HO OTKIOHAA 3a60TH HW yClyrH KanatTana, Bb TO xe 
Bpemsa GessacTBHIBBO SKCINOATHPOBAIb ero AO6poTy, Iero, BIpo- 
YeMb, CaMb He 3aMbiarb. Hnorga cTaHOBHJICA OHS HeyMOJIUMO 
KeCTOKH H CTABUIb 3TO ceOB axe Bb saciyry, AyMas, TO, 
noctylai Takb, OHb UpHOJMxKaeTCA KbCBOeMy Haeary. Onnax- 
IH Cepbe3sHbiWiuMh O6pasoM’b CT&Tb OHS DOKasHBaTb Kaprymh 
4TO MOpa eMy BHXOUTb Bb OTCTABKY, TAK Kakb CAYKATb OND 
OyQTO-6H y2xxKe He BB COCTOAHIM; CKOHyxXewHHA Kanata, 
NONpo6oBaNnh OHO salllHWatbCA TBM’, ITO 20 MeHCiM OCTa-10Cb 
CMY JOCIYRUTH JAMS TPH Toda, HO BH3BAIb ITHMD UBIYN OYpDH. 

— Bs Tomb-tTo 4 7bA0,—Kputans Ulypa,—u4To pa3b BH CaMH 
0 ce6Ob Takb FOBOpHTe, TO ACHO, ITO BH TYTb He JOCITYRUBaeTe 
maxke, & OKUBAETE... 

[Io atomy nopony Ilypa cramb yaxe IMcaTb cTaTbiO WA 
»Boenuaro C6opHaka“, HO, He JOKOHYMB, OTIOKUNS, pbUUBD, 
4TO Cb TakoH cTaTbeH ydile BHCTYNUTS MO OKOHYABIH akale- 
MIH; OH} TOJbKO HaMbpekd OHI OKOHYHTE akalemMil reHepasb- 
Haro MiTa6a WH yee AyMaNb H TOBOpHIbO Ce6b, KakbOOb Ou- 
ep res#epaibHaro wiTa6a, XOTA HAKARHXD BAAUMHXD VCH Kb 
HOCTHReHIO CBoeH WIM He NPHaranrb W YBUeKAICA ITCHIEMS 
KHHIb OeJeTPHCTHYeCKaro ColepxKaHis, ,AHOBCKarO Halpas- 
JeHia“, Kakb BHpaxkaca ero orenb. Ilo noBOMy 9TUXb ,2Ktu- 
NOBCKHXb“ KHHTb Hapayma mnpodoBalb 6H0 NOCOBBTOBAaTH | 
IilypB He oropyaTb oTHa, HO TOT cpasy ero ocayab, 06bA- 
BHBS, ITO Y HeTO ,0cOO6He CYeTH Cb OTOOMb H BMBIMMBATLCA 
Bb STH OTHOMEHIA OHS HUKOMY He NOSBONATb*, XOTA Ha CAaMOMb 
MbAB ,,cyeTOBb* He CYIeCTBOBAIO HUKaKHX, BbpHbe cyuie- 
CTBOBAJH OHH JIHMIb BB BOOS paxenin IlypH, 6eacosHaTerbHO CTpe- 
MHBMAarocd XOTb TAKUM NYTeEMD CONM3HTHCA Ch OTUOMS, Wep- 
KAaBIIMMD e©O Bb CIMUIKOMD A CMUIKOMS OOIBDIOME OTTaeHiN 
OTb ceés.. 

Yquaqai ataka upuBera Ilypy Bb Takoe O6marogxymHoe u 
6NarometatetbHoe HacTpoeHie, YTO OHS BCBMb BCe IPOCTHITD, 
BCBXt NOMM6HND, Aame Onantyka, axe Kapryuly, HO HacTpoe- 
Hie 9TO O4eHb CKOPO, KaKb TOJEKO Haya HA MO8HUI CH- 
HaTbCA CHAPSTH, CMBHHIOCh paslpaskeHiemb. 


32 HAH I b. 


UbmMb qaipme, ThMb cTaHoBUOch xyxe. I[I[pannenb entre 
MOXHO OHNO OH BHHECTH: NOeTh CA CIHMICHS CeKYHOH BB, 
TPH, HO 9TOTR BOM: OOpHBaeTCA HeCO*KBTAHHO MATKUMD, TYCTHMD 
BHCTPBAOMS, HW XOTA NYA, aad Ha 8eMIN, NOWTS Ha BCB 
Jai, HO Hosyqaetca BieywaTrbseie yero-To HeAODbNannaro; 3a 
TO IMMMO38 NPHONuxKaeTcA 3a Ch OCOOHMb CTOHOMS, BCe 
NOBHIMNaA H NOBHMad TONOCh A HOW KOHELS 8alloeT’b TAKUMH 
NepeIHBaMH, 4TO OHO MrHoBeHie CIyMaTelwW KameTca, Oy ATO 
eMy CBePIATB CamMoe TeMH OypoMb; KOHWaeTCH oTa MY3HKa 
OrIYUIHTCILHHMb B&3PHBOMD, OT KOTOPAaroO 8BeHATD Bb y Max. 
Xyske-xKe Bcero OHNO TO, ITO- NNW MoriM sapanbe onpenbuuts 
MOMCHTS, KOra HACTYNATh AXd Gepe'db NONYIUTS CBOW Opin 
WHMO8h H OipanHesel. 

OTB OKoMa OFeHE CKOpO HHYerO He ocTanoch. ComsaTn se- 
KAM UPAMO Ha Tonok semuh, HHYBMB He 3€KPHTHe, YTKHYB- 
INHCh TOMOBOH Bb KaMeHb, Bb KYCTUKD, AIH MPOCTO Bb seMJIN, 
CTapaACh HHYeroO He BUABTb A ONTh HEBAXUMHMH, Kakb 6yATO 
Mpauhesb AH WHMO3a UMBIA Tiasa. 

— Chim 6W BH 3a KaMelekK’, DpaBo Takb...—po6ko, IT 
He IPOCHTeIbHO, CKasalb KanuTanb Ilypb, Ho ToTh, Haxo- 
ACh Bb CHJIbHOMS BOsOyxXDeHIv, BCIHIUIb HU HarOBOpH.Tb Kap- 
xymrb yepsocteli. 

Mexny ThMb cTpbip6a opokoimanach yacb, Wpyrol... Bos- 
6yxyenie, Bb KOTOPOMb MepBoe BpeMA Haxogunca Llypa, cmb- 
HHJIOCh allaTieH, CosHaHieMh OesbucxoOUHOCTH ‘NONOKeHIA; BCE 
CyMecTBO efO HaNONHHIOCh YYBCTBOMB GOesMBpHol, Seanpe- 
WhrbHok tocku. UMeHHo Tocku, MydATeIbHOH, mowaBIADpuren... 
Korga pBasHCch CHapadH, Bb FoOBb IYBCTBOBAIAaCh TAKECTS, 
TYUasi, CHJIbHAaA OONb, &, KOrMa HACTYHaH MHHYTH MepepHsa, 
rouoBa HAadwHala padotaTb... COTHH, THCAYH OTPHBOWHHX, He 
CBA8AHHHXS APYIb Cb APYFOMb o6pasoBss, upesctaBleniti u 
WAINXS KapTHHS H3b Upomsaro vu OyAyularo, 43b BOsSMORHArO 
H HEBOSMORHALO WH3IH Bb TOMOBY, BCe 3TO KPY2XHMOCh, CKa- 
Kalo, OpHrago... lypa 3akpHIb IHUO:pykaMH H He CMOTpPBIS, 
He BH'BIb HHKOrO H HHGELO, HO 3Hab, ITO ECTb yxKe Bb poTh 
H paHeHHe, u yOuTHe. KaxkaHii pasb, Korma KYCORb xerbaa, 
CBHHIa HI MBH OMI NO GeNOBByecKOMy TBIy, eMy Kaza- 
NOCb, ITO OHS OTIHYACTH STOTh BBYK'b H3b THCAIM APYTHXd; 
KOrWa KTO-HHOYOb BCKPHKHBANd OTb OO, A OHS YYBCTBOBATS 
60b, KARB OyATO yqapnsu ero. Ob y3HaBasrb H TO, Koro yya- 
pHI0 H Kyia,—06% sTOMB Cooomlanb yeH-TO XpHIIWH, OMUHO- 
Kitt rosocb. Coo6maBmili Takyl0 HOBOCTb OBr0, HKO BHKpH- 
KHBab CHOBAa, K8Kb GOYDTO HACOONHANS COpMabHOCTh H He 
Harbasca BOBCe Ha TO, ITO ero YCAWIMAaTh, OyATO Kp 
OHb Bb UPOCTPaHCTBO, BIH Bb NYcTHH'S, WIM Bb amy, rab 
HBTS Jwpel, a S6esyMCTBYWTS Kakia-TO cBepxbecTecTBeHHHA 


IPOTHBD CUABRIA. 33 


cymlectpa. WH kaxawh past Kapryuia BHHHMaNb 430 pTa Ka- 
TaHCKYN TPyYOOUKy CO CTCKISHHHMEB MYHIIMTYKOMD, CHHMAID 
manky, Kpectusca (Iilypa sToro He BHy'bIrb, HO 8HaI'b, 4TO BTO 
TaKb) H H€H38MBHHO, TOPAReCCTBEHHO TPOMKHMS YONOCOMb POBO- 
PHIb,—,Wapcrso HeG6ecHoe NOXOHHHKY, DYCTbh MOMONATCH 8a 
Hact!..“ OTH UpocTHaA cNoBa pasqpaxany Ilypy uw ond MNG- 
H€HHO OO63HBaTb KalkTaba HLiOTOMS, KpeTHHOMS A TOMY 10N06- 
HHiMH HMeCHaMH H xarbib ce6A 38 TO, 4TO CMY NDPHXONHTCA 
CUYKHTb Ch TAKHML YNOBBKOMb.—,,HHTepecHo, CKOJbKO pasb 
IOBTOPHTb OHD 9TY Ppasy!“—nonymant Ulypa u crarb 6n0 
C4HTaTb, HO COHNCA CO CIeTa H OpOcHsrs. 

CraHOBHJI0cb HeBHHOCHMO!.. To OHHb, TO Apyrol comarTs 
HOXHHMAaANb TONOBY H, AUKO O8HpaRch, CUpallABalb,—,KOMak- 
AHPd 3 5cb?*—, d0bcb, abcb, pedaTylKu! nexHn cookodHo!* - 
OoTBBYasrb Kapsyma, H 9TH cuoBa, 9Ta PArypKa CHOKOHHO, co- 
BepIieHHO OTKPHTO CHJ(BBMlad Ha KaMHb, HBKOTOpOCe BpeMHA 
WAHCTBOBaAIM HA COMJaTh YCNOKOMTeEIbHO H OHH NOKOpPHO Je- 
Ka, OmHNaA cBoeH yuyacTH. Ho w 9TO CpexCTBO Tepectano 
SHCTBOBATS HM JUOLH, Dowead Ha Opwx'b, CTanH, KaKb TapakaHHy, 
pacionsaTbca BO BCB CTOPOHH, HMA sakpHTig. Ilypa Kb sToMy 
BpeMeHH COBepMIeHHO oOcuadbIb; CoasMH AYUIMIM ero H OHD 
cO CTpaxomh, He 6yTyqH yxe BB CH1axb 6opoTsca CB Co6oH, 
YYBCTBOBAIb, ITO BOTh-BOTh pasphaeTca. Bb STOTh-TO MOMCHTS 
paslalcd TOPKECTBY HMA, CTpaulgHu ron0ch,— , WbxoTa, WbxoTa 
ayers“! 

Bs THCATB HH OKONO TOrO Maraxh OTb HAMAX OKONOBS 
HAWHHAJIHCh TAONAHOBLAA 1018. OTO OHIO WbMO0e MOpe, KoTOpOe 
clerka KOQHXaJI0Ch, MyMBJI0 H CKPHBaO Bb CcBoeH riyouus 
6e3dHCHeHHOe MHOKECTBO HEBHIUMHXB Bparons. TaMb OnsIM 
TPOUMBRA, JOPOrH, DONS, 00 KOTOPHMb, OYeCBHAHO, WBHra- 
JHCh JOXH Cb py2KbAMH, Cb OYUIKAMH, H TaoIHHb HHKOIS 
He BHaBalb WXb. THCAIM [ia3zb Cb yTpa WO Beyepa, Hanps- 
Yad BCW CHIY 3p Beis, CTapanvCh YJIOBHTb XOTb Kakoe-HHOy DB 
apewaTesbcKoe ABHxeHIe Ha STOH seeHOH MoBepxHucTu,—Bce 
6HI0 HampacHo, He NOMOradu HH OMHOKIH, HH TpyOH, HH BO- 
AyMHwWe WapH, HH pasBBAIHKH, KOTOPHe, KaKb TONbKO Domla- 
wala Bb 9TY WaMy, TOTUIACh x#Xe TePAHAHCb, TPYCHIM H BUM 
YHOIH TaM’b, HIM BOSBpallasHch HallyraHHbe, Cb pasckasaMm 
(anTacTHIecKHMH H HeBSBPOATHHME. 

Baarolapa 9xTOMy pacTeHiN, BBpHO CAYXHBIIeMy HMB, 
SIOHOH MBI BOSMORHOCTh NOX0HTH CKPHTHO, Kak yrouHe 

61H3KO, H TOABIAIHCh BCeErda HeOwKu ano. 
M3b sToro-To TadJAHOBarO MOPS, PaBHOTyOIHO, yBspeHHe 
YanOabwiaroca, 61ecTA Ha CONHOB MHIMIOHaMH APKO-3e1eHHXh 
JIHCTbEBb, BHCKAaKHBa Tellepbh ManedbKie, Hrpyuleqube Cos- 
RATHKH H OHCTPO, HaKJIOHHBOIMCh BCBMb THOM BOepesd EH 
Aupapp. Orban |. 3 





- 


34 HAH J 5b. 


fepma py2KXEA Ha TepeBbch, JerkKHMb, PHUMHACTHYCCKHMS IWa- 
roMb, O6rOHAA Apyrh Upyra, craw MNOAHMMAaTBCA 0 He- 
KPyYTOMy, KaMeHMCTOMy CKaTy ropH KB OKkonamb. HBcKOIbKO 
MPHOBeHIM CONMATH, KaKS OFYaPpOBaHHhe, CMOTP BI Ha sTY Kap- 
TuHy. HakoHel'b-To Oopb6a Cb HeBHIHMHMb, HeYJIOBUMHIM'b 
BparoMb KOHYATCA, a BMBCTB Cb TMB KOHINTCA A 6opbOa Cb 
camMuM® co6oH! He 6yreTb HH raoAHa, HH AapTuNepinv, HH 60M64, 
HMKTO He BMBOlaeTcaA Bb OOpb6y ieNOBBRa Cb 4WeOBBKOMS, 
Ipoctylo 3aBbpuHyh Oopboy, rpyab cb rpyobwo! Karb Hu 
cTpalnna Oba Taka Oopb6a, HO OHa OHA NOHATHBe, WOcTyn- 
ube... H 3BBPCKH-payocTHoe, rposHoe ,,ypa“ sarpemMbI0 Ha 0- 
3Huiv. Bh OTBBTb CHH38y pastanuch Kakie-TO KPHKa,—Bparu 
IPUBBTCTBOBaIH Apyrb Apyra U panoBanuch UpezcTosmek 
BCTpbyB! Kro-To wcTepuyecKH 3aKpu4atb,—,Bb DITHK!“— 
JOH, He ORMNAA KOMAHIH, BCKOURIH, ToTOBhe OBxatTb Ha 
BCTPBYY STHMb MAJICHBKHMD, XCJITCHDKUMS COMMATAM. 

— Hasan! JIoxuch! kro Opukasarb!—KpHiala poTHHe KO- 
MaHIUpH, OBrad 10 OkolaM’b. 

ComgaTH MeRKICHHO, HEOXOTHO JIORUIUCh, 2 WOTOMB BAPYTb 
cpasy lovawanH Ha 3eMJIN, TaAKb Kakb yBUabIu, TO HeNlpis- 
TeJIbCKaA WSU TORe NOKATCA, HAMBpeBanch, OYBHAHO, OOCTPB- 
HAT WO3HUiN pyXeHHHMb OrneMmMb. 

AMOHUH OTKPHI OBrIHH OFOHb, HW pbAkie, koporkie, 1BoH- 
HHe yapH HXb BHHTOBORb CJIMIHCh BB OONLYW TPpeCKOTHD, 
KaKb OYATO MaIbIMMKA saBepTbud TpelleTkamMu. Bb TO «xe 
BpeMd HeNpPiATeIbCKAA apTHJJepix, CMONKMaA OHNO Ha MHHY- 
TY, Hallparza BcB CBOH CHIH WH DoCcwana Ha Hally no3sHuin 
Bueperouky, Bb OesnopsxAagkh DecaTKa ba-TpH panHvesel, 
KOTOPHA PBaNHCh Clepequ, cOoKy, c3aqu. Ho sto HaKOrO He 
wcoyrano. ComsaTH 3aTaHIuch, Kakb OXOTHHKH, 6osntieca cnyr- 
HYTb JW%b, A Bb TO Ke BPeMA XHITHO UCKaNH TilazsaMu 3arTe- 
PABMIUXCA CpeqH KaMHel WH KYCTOBb MaJICHbKHX?, KeTEHDKUXd 
BparoBh CBOHX. 

[TaonaHb ONATh pasCTYNHJICA H OTTYHa BHO ele MHOrO 
H IpAMO Depeab osuuiel, uw upapbe, u zhpbe Takuxb xe 
ATPYUIeWHNXDL CONATHKOBb, HO STM IIH FycTo, NOYTH BOWOT- 
HY} Apyrh Kb Apyry. Bacrpo, ga xoly NpuaA Bb DOpATOKs, 
OHH JBHHYIMCb THMb Ke YOPYruMd, THMHACTHICCKUMS WaroM'’b 
Ha Hallux. 

— [lo nonypoTHo!—KpakHyIb kKanutTant.—Bw kKomManiviite 
BTOpoH, a NepBoH!.. Co6upalite cBow NoypoTy!—kKpuyasrb OH’ 
Iilypb, Bua, ITO TOTH He 3HaeTb, ITO eMy HAadO Whar. 

Iilypa we ycubab Huyero CkKoMaHyoBaTb. LlomakoMb, Kakb 
KOWIKH, CO BCBXb CTOPOHh, NONB3IM Kb HEMY COMMaTH UM Crpy- 
TUIMCh Bilepeqa, cupaBa H CIBBa, a OBB BCe eme He MOPb 
IIpHITH Bb CeOA H TpoOxKah, kKakb Bb WHXOpaykb, XoOTA cTpa- 


TIPUTHB» COAHIIA. 35 


Xa He TYBCTBOBANb. Denbadeberb, oyyTuBolifica caann Hero, 
pachopAKaNcA BCBM, H XOTA TOBOPHAH WIA WeLo-TO llenoToMS, 
HO BL BHpaxkeHisx’ He CTBCHAICA, OOHTbHO NPHUpaBAA CBO 
pbap kpboraMn cuosamu. Ilypa cosHaBanb, 4To BCce 9TO B- 
waeTcs, JA Hero, 10 Kpaiive Mbp, COBCBMD He Tak, Kakb 
JOMRHO 6HN0 6H AbuaTEca.—,BBAb A xe 3i'BCb HAawdaJbHHRD! 
BosMyTuTeIbHHH Haxanb! He wapomMb 4 ero BCerma Tepmrbrb 
He MOorE!“—yMalb OHD OUpo denbadhe6ena. HBcKOMBKO pasb 
Upo6obadb OHb B8ATB KOMAaHTY Bb CBOM PyKH, HO BCe IpoHso- 
M0 TaKb OHCTPO, ATO, OK& OHS COOHPAICA Cb MHCIAMH H 
DPHFOTOBIANCA, WBIO KOHYIOCh, TONbKO HW ‘yCOBIb OB HB- 
-CKOJbKO Pa3b NOBTOPHTh KOMAaHAy 3a MeubAme6enemb, 4TO 6n- 
10 eMy ocOG6eHHO oO6unqHO. AnonUH O6NIH ye COBC'BMB, Cco- 
BChMb O7n3KO. ManeHbkie, NOBKie, OHH OBxaln, HU3KO IIpH- 
THYBIUIHCh Kb seMI'B, HCOyYCKad Kakle TO KPHKH, HM COTHH Ou1e- 
CTAILUXb, TEPHHXb riaxb CBepkaiu cTpawube MTHKOBS. [Io- 
Oban OHH CHHUIKOMD pao, He pasCUuTABB, ITO ObkaTb IpA- 
leTCH Bb TOpy, H NOTOMY, 3aNWXaBUIHCh, Y CAMHXb OKONOBDd 
CTA 3aMeCIATh Walyh, HBKOTOpHe: oOTCcTaBanu. BApyrb pas- 
MICA 8asrb, 3arbMb Apyro. Hab mepeqHHxb MOUTH HUKTO He 
ocTasicaA Ha HOrax'hb, HO yubrbBolie He OCTAHOBHJIMCh H, yBue- 
Kast 8aHUXxh, DOObKaIH H3b NOCIBAWAXS cums. Jlo6beann u 
OcTaHOBHJIMcb... Hamm scrowwau... Axb pasabiano Bcero ma- 
ros} 10—15, mo Bce Ha MrHOoBeHie 3amepso... Cb OesyMHHMB 
CTPAXOMh Bb iasaxhb, He 3Had, KAKb NPHCTYUUTS KB yOilicTBy, 
JIDIH CMOTPbin Apyrb wa gpyra. Ilypa sugbub upamo ie- 
pexp co6oH murypy opunepa, T. ©. 0 TOM, ITO 9TO OHI Ou- 
Wepb, y3Halb OHb AHMb NOTOMS OT COMMATh, a TOMA, Bb ca- 
Mifi MOMCHTE, OHS BUI apy 6ONbMIMXS, YPHHXb Pash; 
‘Bb HHXS, Bb STHXS 'lasax'b, OHNO CTOMBKO yxaca HW YHCTO 
MHBOTHArO cTpaxa, uTO [lypa He MOrb He 3apasHTbCA UM TORE 
-COBCBMb Cb PONOBOH MOTOHYIb Bb TOM OesnHb YenoBbyeckaro 
qayenid u cTpamania, Mu foro HuGero, a6CONMWTHO HUWeLO, Kpo- 
mh 9STHXE ABYXD rash, He NOMHAID H JIMUIb MOCTeMeHHO Kb 
STOMY BUeITAIBHIW CTA MPHCTeruBaTbCA DOWpo6HocTHU, CJIH- 
MahhhA OTL APYFUXh YAIAaCTHUKOB, KOTOPHA OHAKO CTAHOBH- 
JHCb JIA HeTO TAKMMH OFeEBHHHMH, Kakb OYTO OH BHI'BITS 
Bee BTO CaM'b, HO MOYEMY-TO 3a6H Ib. 

KTo-TO KPHKHYIb ,ypa“, HW HallW commaTH ch ObmeHHMS 
KPHKOMD ,ypa“ Opocuiuch Boepeh. 

ATaka 6HJla OTOHTa. CommaTH OpoaquaM no nosuiv, NOHH- 
MAA PaHeHHXt, OOMIapHBad yOuTHX, Tak Ke, Kakb Wha 3To 
yrpomut, #0 Ufiypa cb yousneniemb cmoTpbrb Ha STUXb I0- 
eH, Kakb OyITO BHXbIDb uxt BuepBHe. ConzaTH OHH Hey3Ha- 
BaeMH, 10 TOYO CTaH OHH CMBIN HW p'b3skH Bb ABUReHIAXdb H 
Bb ciopaxb. Qua He o6palianu BHNMaHiA Ha pbsaHha paHbl 

3* 








36° Ha H Xb. 


Ha pykaxb, Ha rpyau, wa WHUWb; HXb MaHepa BHTHPaTh NpAMo- 
JaNOHAMH IITHKU HW UPuKatbh, ABAxXeHiCeMb TakKuMb UPUBHG- 
HHMb H COHOKOMHHMD, Kakb OYTO Kaxkabi Weob UpHxoauTCA 
WMb BHTMPaTh KPOBb, XOXOTh, Cb KAaKHMD HANAMBAIH OHH Ha 
ce6a CHATYIO Cb YOMTHXD AUOHUECBL aMMYHHUIW,—BCe OO. 
HeoéHaHO. Ulypa nomwpodosath OHIO MOMacTb Bb ITO HacTpoe- 
Hie, yake 3HaKOMOe eMY, IlepemuTOe HMb YTPOM'b, HO He MOMS; 
BO-IIEPBHXb, OHD ele He OCBOOOTMICA OTb CTpaxa H ONymenis,. 
HCOUHTaHHHXS UMb 3&8 BPeMA, NpesMecTBoBasmiee yoapy BS 
ITHKH, & BO-BTOPHX’b, M 9TO [aBHOe—OHD He MOIb Onper'b- 
NHTb CBOeH POH Bb 9TOMb BTOPOMb, HW TOKE YAYHOMb A 
BCBXd OKPYXaWwWuxh, Wb. Bb DepBpombd WhIB OD TO-TO 
CI'biatb CaM'’b, MW XOTA He CUHTaNb ceO6A TepoemMb, Takb Kak’b. 
Jake He 3HaIb, 3aKpHIab JIM Ob DepBHM'b, HIM BTOPHMS, 
HIM TPCTbUM’b, HO CO8HaBarb ceO6a CO BCBMU, CO BCBMHM xe H 
pasiBIAIb payocTh NOOBAH, a Tellepb Up OTOHTIM aTakH 
OHb OKasasicd DO¥eMy-TO Bb cTopoHb. Kakb 9TO NpoHns0lmno, 
Iilypa He MOr'b NOHATE HM Bb AyUrb pOAIb, ITO BHHOBaTD Bb 
eTOMb Makap>S TpodaMoBH4Yt, KOTOPHH ,BBIHO CyeTCA He Bb 
cBoe 7'B10%. 

Iilypb sempiaTHo OHJI0 BATS poTy, 2TOrO Sobor, MHO- 
Yrorouo0Baro 8BBpH, KOTOPHH, Kak eMy KaszaJl0Cch, OOIH3HBAJICA,. 
CHTHH MW WOBOJbHHH, WM BCe-TakH TOTOBHH Ha HOBHA 8B hpcrTsBa, 
H axe 6obMe roToBHi, BMD OHI DO ,8aBTpaka*. OTOTb 
»SaBTPakb* CLYWHHO Upumerb Bb ronosy lilypb, Ho cepzue 
ero TOTUACh Xe HaMONHHIOCh TOPAOCThW 3a ce6A, 3a TO, YTO 
OHb NOHMMAeTh TO, wero Apyrie He MOHAMANTS, ITO Bee, Upo- 
ucxonamjee KPYFOMb, s8BBPCTBO HM YTO YeROBBKb, IpHHH- 
MAW yuacTie Bb 9TOM, 3B bpbers. 

— Bupoyeit,—MucneHHO 206aBn'b OH'b,—He BCerma, MHOTe. 
3HaIMTh YMBTb COXPAHUTh XJaqHOKposie, BOTh, HallpuMBpt, 4... 

Bb To xe BpeMA OHb HesaMBrHo CTapasicd yHTH Bb CTO- 
ponHy, Ooacb, ITOGH Ha Hero He OOpaTHIH BHHMAHIA, ITOOH He 
CIIPOCHIH O YemMb-HHOyOb. Bapyrd ob YCIWWMaNb c3aqu ro- 
n0cb Hapaylin, HeecTecTBeHHO, MCTepHaHO KpHyaBMaro H py— 
raplmaro Koro-To. [lousxBb, 4To Kapsymla pyraeTb kKakoro-HH- 
6yab comgata, Ilypa Boo6pasaib, GTO ,,OHB“, T. €. COUNaTH, 
ceHyacb xe OpocaTCH M pacTepsaWTbh MaJIeHbKaro, Cuadaro 
KauHTana. OTA JWKaA MHCJIb, KaKb MOJHIA, MEMDKHYJa y Hero Bb 
TOuOBB HU, He OTZaBaH CeOB oTGeTa, OND OHCTPO OGepHysca H, 
Ha XOy BHHHMadA Wallky, 6pocHJca Ha KpuKb. I‘pynia cos 
WaTh HEXOTA PasCTYIMNach, Uponyckad TpoMaaHaro JHTBHHA, 
" Wpapodiakroparo poTH, WH Kapayuly, KoTOPHH mpozomKarb 
OCHIaTbh JHTBHH& OTOOPHHMU PyraTebCTBAMH, He BXOJMBOIHME 
BOBCe Bb OOUXOND VTOFO AeNuKaTHBAMArO YeOBBKa. DesbAde- 
G6eNb pHCHOH cobuuIb Kb MBCTY oponcmectsix. Hepeqaph 


NPOTHBD COAHIIA. 37 


TPOBHHHBOIarocaA COUMATA Ha PyYKH Hermbudhe6env Bw UPHKasaBb 
4aro-TO, Hapsyma OTIMpAaBHJIcA BCKAaTb OaTanbOHHaro KOMAHAHpa. 
Iilypa, ckon®y®enHwH, HesaMBTHO, Kakb CMY Kasasoch, BJ0- 
KHIb WawWky Bb HOMRHH BW WOROMEITS. 

— Yro crywo0cs? 

— Hagero, He n3apombTe GesnoKouTeca... Hx BHCOROGAaro- 
pomie o6nabanchb... Takb, WycToe..—3a BCBXb OTBBTHIB eMYy 
eibupebesb, NWaBah TOHOMb MH MHMHKOM TIOHATL, 4TO A'bIaTb 
eMy 3i'bcb Hetero BH AYRHO HTH. 

OTOTh Maxapb TpomuMosuyb BCerma [OBOPHIb Cb coma- 
TAMH TPYOHMS, savaNbHHIeCKHMb TOHOMS, Tellepb xe BUI’ ero 
Heo6H7aHHO H3MBHHJICH,—OHb BECb PasMARb, packpacH BCA Hu 
O61aKeHHO YIHOasIcAH, KaAKb WocAB xopomeH pycckol Oann, A 
He TOJIBKO He ,KpPeCTHIb“ OTOOPHOH 6padbD BHHOBATHXD H 
MMBDOUIAXD OHTh BHHOBATHMH, HO TOBOPHIb HERAO, Bpasy- 
MHTCJIBHO. -_ 

— Jlypayerb TH, Aypayekt!—canmassb IUlypa caanu ce6a 
rouoch Makapa TpoduMopnya,—HnemTo NOKHO pH rocno- 
Waxtil.. 

Kakb y3Harb Boocrbauctsin Llypa, IMTBHAB 93TOTS B3Ty- 
Mab LONpallMBbaTh paHeHaro ANOHHAa, THYAa eMY TpoMaHHM'S 
cauoromMb Bb 6OKb, ITO H B80pBANO Kaprymy. 

Mexny TBMS HelpisTebCKad apTHinepia BHOBB cTasta 
O6CTP'BABBATL TOsHUIN. COTMATH HEXOTA, Cb PyPaHbW JIORH- 
JHCh, HBKOTOPHE TPOMKO PONTAIH HA HAYAJIDHAKOBD, He XeaB- 
MHXb DepexowuTh Bb HacTyiienie,—,TOro TIAXA ONATS TIpH- 
RakYTb OTCTYNAT!.. HANIH HSBMOW-TO“!.. 3106HO TOBOPHJH OHM... 
Maxkapt TpoduMoBayt, Bce elle 6naxeHHO yaHOanch, Obrarb 
NO Nosuui WM pactopsaxalca, sBcett cBaoeH durypok mpoca y 
CONHATh H3BHHeHIA 3& HAWYaIbCTBO, KOTOpOe He YMBIO pacio- 
PANTECH, HO KOTOPOMY,—4TO AhuaTh? — WpHXxo_ATcA Do_IH- 
HATCH. Masl0-0-Many COUMaTH CTA YCHOKanBaTbCA, pasla- 
HHCb 6e306H0HHA OLYTRU, CMBXb, CTAIM ‘BCT ATOHCKIA TAeTH. 
lo mbps Toro, kKakKb INIA UPOHMKaNHch CosHaHiemMb TOTO, 4TO 
Baio cBoe OHH Cibianu u ciabianH ero xopomo0, Hayao 
TYBCTBOBATLCA YTOMJeHie H MHOrie TYTS Xe 3aCHy.I1H, He O6pa- 
Wan HAKaKoro BHHMAHIA Ha OOH. 


VIL. 


Iypa Toxe nobib rangers, woxne6arb KakoH-To S6ypaH, 
upaueceHHoH eMy JCHOIHKOM®, H, Kakb HH Kp bcs, a Hesa- 
MBTHO CTA 3acHiaTb. ONAKYYKD HAKPHIS CTO MIMHeIbD 
OHS, CBEPHYBIIMCh KAIAIHKOMb HW 3a0HBb BCB BuoewtTNbHIA 
HHA. DOYYBCTBOBATS Ce6A MANCHBRAM', CYACTIHBHM, JOBOJb- 
HHM'B... 





38 HAH IL. 


Korga ero pactToJlkasiu, OH HHKaKb He MOM UPHITH BS 
ce6a W He OYHYJCA axe Tora, Korma COBCBMS 61H8KO paska- 
JMCh KPHKH H BHCTPBIH, a BCC CHIBI Ha 3eMIb 4 IPOTApald 
rizaza. JTO 6HuIa BTopad aTaka. Osa Oya oTé6uTa ropasie 
merge nepBow. He noaznyckan HenpiaTeisa 61u3K0- Kb Ce6b, poTH 
OTKPHIu OBrIH Orowb; ADOHUNM A He NOPHBaMCh 9HeEprHu4yHo. 
Bueperb, & 8aNeMIW M CTasH OTBBYaTb; 3aTBM'B OHHOUKAaMH,. 
& NOTOMb W WBIHMH pyl0aMA CTatH yXOAMTb Bb Fada. 
HukTo He AYMarb UXb WpecubDoBaTb,—sBcb OHM CAMDIKOMS 
YTOMJICHH. 

Co1mzaTH JBHHBO OOMBHUBAIUCh saMbuaHiamu. HbKoropHe 
npo6coBanw cHoBa sacHyTb. Ho BApyrb TO4HO “CKpa Kakag-TO 
npo6bkanta WO PpowTy,—wUepezapancb  HeBBAOMHMH TyTAME 
OTh POTH Kb poTb, 10 BCeMy MpouTy Upomierb cnyxb 06b 
orctynueHiv. Bch upuuinu Bb kpaiinee Bos6yxneHie. CHagana 
IpPOcTO OKeCTOYeHHO PyradH HAawNLCTBO, HO, Kora coUAaTH 
BaMBIHIH, ITO COCBARIA YaCTH HAYHHANTS ye OTXOMUTh, Kb 
YYBCTBY OOHTH IpHcoeaMHUIICA ene cTpaxh 3a ce6A, 4TOOH 
He OHTh DOKHHYTHMH, OpOuIeHHHMU,—M2I0 IM TO OnBaeTb. 
BO BpeMA oTcTymeHil! Moxerb OmtTb, ry'b-HHOyob Ha @poHTh 
UM BO PIaHrb AUNOHUN ye IpOpBaIuch HPOsATh oOTpbsaTb 
Hacbh?.. HepBH y BCBXb HalpsraHch oO nocrbawew cremeHH. 

— Kapsyuta, rony6uukb, nopure, yaualite, Bb YeMb WhO, 
TaKb Heibea! Bowb Apyrie yoke coOupaWTca, & MH BCe CTOHMD 
M ame HuYero He 3HaeMb,—uUpocunb Ilypa KauntaHa, pacte- 
PpABMAarocd MU Cb HEAOYMAHICMS CMOTPBBiUaro Ha TO, ITO Wb- 
WAIOCh KPyroM’b. 

Cb ToH xe HBMOM Opoch6oH ComdaTH 38acCMaTpHBaJH eMy 
Bb rasa H TOKO AHCWUNIHEA H Bbpa Bb CBoero KOMAHTApa 
YHepKABaIH UXb OTh HeAeNUKATHHXS BOMPOCOBS U, OHTb MO- 
pkeTb, Take NOCcTyNKoBb. Kapayula He yCTOANb, H, TOPOMACh 
H CHOTHKaACh, DOWeIb UCKAT HAIJIbCTBO. 

Comabuili yxte He 6HI0,—3a uckmodeHiemb N-ckaro nomka 
BCB BOUCKAa, OYEBUAHO, HOVIMA MpHkasd 063 oTcTyMJeHis, BCb 
TOTOBUIMCh, MeBeIMIUCb; KYXHH, 0603H 6eskKoHedHOH BepeHH- 
eH MOTAHyIMCh Ha ChBeph, apTunnepin ye oTxoqusa, HbKO- 
TOPHA WHXOTUNA YaCTH y2xe CBepHYIUCb, Apyria Hambpesa- 
JHCb OTCTYHUTL, HE CBOPaIHBaACh, Bb O6O0CBOMS NOpAAKS, O1NHb 
TOUbKO N-CKIM OKb HeENOIBHKHO OCTABAJICs Ha CBOeH NOsMUin. 
TJovemy?—aToTb BONpOCh MYSHIb Kaxtaro coara, Kaxkyare 
opunepa NOKka. CoOlatTh pasHHXb poTb epeKPHKABAJUCh, 
OOMBHHB&IUCh HOBOCTAMH; OMLEPH He MOPIM YCTOATb Ha MB-. 
cTh U XOQWIH H3b OKONAa Bb OKOIb, COpaBAAch Apyrb y 
Apyra 0 UIPUIHHAaXh, salepxaBliuxd NOIKL Ha DOsMMiu, pyra- 
JH, KOHEYHO, HAYAJIbCTBO, He CTBCHAACh IPHCYTCTBIeMDd CONLaTh. 
Beb yuaqd 9STOro WHA OTCTYOUIM Kya-TO aneko Hasallb e- 


IPOTHBS COAHA. . 39 


peas HalBuraBielica onacnocTsD. Llypa onath 1Q4yBCTBOBAaI 
¢e6a CKOHDYXCHHHMB 38 CBOero OTHAa, KOTOPHH, OVeBHANO, 
6H1b BHHOBaTh Tepel’b MONKOMb HW MOTOMY, Korga NoOmOMerb 
Kb HEMY TOBAPHOTS ero, Tako xe MOJONOH NOANOpPy TAKS, OH, 
kelad HBCKOJIBKO CMATUMTD BHHY OTIS, CTAIb pyratTb UONKO- 
BOrO abOTaHTa, KOTOPHH BApyrb crbiaica aTHuIKoH, Haxa- 
A0Mb, Tpy6isHOMb, HM Tellepb, BBPOATHO, BMBCTO TOrO, 4TOOH 
epewath mpuKasabie, CHIRTh Tryb-HH6yAb U Upoxaxyaetca. 
' BesychH MOQUOpyIMKb, 38afATHH CBOHMM MHICJIAMH, CJLYMasrb 
Ilypy paBHoxymso, a Bb KoAuWb ero pba MaxXHyJTb pykou,— 
BC'B, WecKkaTb, XOpouin! 3HaeMb MH HX’! 

Mexazy ThMb Beyepbo. ComHoe caquaocn. OHO ye CKPH- 
HOCh 3& TyWeH H BeECh HEGOCKIOHS OHI OOLATH TPOMATHHMb 
TlOKAapoOMd; 3sp'biMMle STO NOBTOPATOCh exkeHEBHO H pH BuCcxo- 
xb, H Up 3akaTb COHOa, H OJHAKO IIPHBHKHYTb Kb HeMYy 
6HI10 TPDYMHO, JO TOO OHO OHIO BEMHIeECTBEHHO, TO TOTO TOpa- 
*KaJll0 CBOHMH HeOOHYHO APKUMU, CHIbHHMH KpackaMu. Bb 3TOTh 
Beyeph, KaAKb HapoyHo, SYATO AA TOrO, ITO6H MopasHTh.Boobpa- 
meHie JONeH, sakaTb OH OCcobeHHO rpaHmiosen'b. Connie 
H TYWa, 8AaCTHIAaBlaA TOPH30KTh HA Wro-salanyb u OTTYLa Wpo- 
CTepiad OAHO MOMHOe KPHIO Ha CbBepd, 06pas0BaiH rpomar- 
HHH KocTeph OeHranbcKkaro OPHA, OCBBTHUBMI BCI MBCTHOCTL 
(paHTACTHUeECKHM) KpacCHHIMt MaMenem’b. Bb sTOH o6cTaHOBKS, 
OUpH 9TOMb OCBbUIeHIN JTW Kasalwch MAaHeKeHaMu,—OHH XO0- 
MIM, MaXasiad PykaMB, HO *asioHOMiu AX yTpaTHIu OOH uHOe 
BHpaxkeHie H UTpy,—eTo OHH OTBIHOKeITHA Ha MePTBe- 
HOBb. 3a TO HacTOAMe MepTBeUH, KOTOPHXS OHI0 TYTb ocTa- 
TOUHO, CHOBHO OXHJIH; OHH XOXOTAIb OTh BCeM AYO, Kakb 
XOXOUFYTh BasKMy PHBIUUCh, TO cues'b; Ipyrou, CXBAaTHBd BAHTOBKY 
o6ObuMu pyKkaMH HM BIMBIIMCh Bb Hee 3y6aMH, W'blanb CTpallHoe 
ycusmie, CTapadcbh HawKYCUTb HM CNOMATb CTaJIbHOM CTBONb 10- 
NOHaMb; TaMb WBO0C CXBATHIMCh KpBIKO-HakpboKO, Mpomousaan 
6opb6y, HawyaTyW Mp XH3HH H OGeMy-TO He OKOHUeHHYW... 

Hilypa nmoyyBcTBoBaIb o8ho6b HW BUBIb, ITO WH APYruxb 
3HOOuI0. BCbMb CTaNO XOJONHO, BCBXb DepexepruBano, WAU 
Kakb OYTO sapaxkaluch Dpyrb oTb Apyra. 

— QOTO BO3MYTHTeNbHO! MW Gero MH 30'bCb CTOMMB?—BOCKIMK- 
Hyab Lilypa. 

Hukto eMy He OTBBTHIb, BCB CB TOCKOH CMOTPBIH Ha BOl- 
CKka, YXOAHBOA Cb NOsHin.. 

Hakonelb 3alleBeIMICA NepBHH OaTanboHb o1ka. CommaTy 
BeceNO BLNYHIM Apyrb Ha Apyra pasHh XaMb WM M0-O0UHOIKS 
rpyoiamMu cOBradH BHH3b; CKOPO Bech OaTaJIbOHB CIYCTHICS, 
BHCTPOHICA H NomMeyb, a Ha WYCTOH MO3sHWi OCTAICA TOKO 
OHH CONTATh H TONLTO UCKANb 4TO-TO Ha 3eMJI'b; OH'b, BALHMO, 
HHYyTb He OOAJICAH H, He TOPONACh, Wapub Bb OKO, Depeso- 


4U HAH Xl Bb. 


PRIBBANS MepTBHX’b. Tero emy OHNO GonTBCa? On kaxKTy~ 
MHHYTY MOIh OPOCHTh NOMCKH, ObKaTE Cb OsHNiuv Hw WOTHAaTh 
poOTY,—HAKTO He MOrb eMY 3a0PeTHTh CABIATS 9TO, & OD, BH- 
HYKeCHHHE CTOATS w BCe elle Yero-TO ORMMATECA, Cb 3a- 
BHCTLY CIB 88 HIM. 

—- Both ypeub-To, Hallerb BpeMsA uCKaTb!—He BHepxary 
RTO-TO. 

HakoHenb uaeTb Kapnyoia. Ofb UeTS MeNeHHO, He TOpPe- 
IACh,—9TO 6pocaeTcA Bb riasa BCeH por. 

— Hy, 6parun, 6aranbons Hallh Bb apbeprapz’b!—ropectHo 
BOCKIMKHYJb BCerna BeceIHH OapabaHmHKE KpacHonepoBh, —v 
nowemy 6H 9To!.. Sapcerma faMb moctaetcal.. 

Boounrou0ca CommatH HaivHaNTh 6eskOHeIHHH Cops 0 TOMS, 
CKOJIBKO, pazb H Korga Kako poTB UpHxoONu0Cch 6OHTb Bb apb- 
eprapab, Ha oxpanb ut. 1. Korma nozxonuTs Kapsyiia, He- 
OKOHYeEHHHM cnophb Upekpamiaetca, Bch XTYTb, ITO OHD CkKa- 
KeTh. 

— Bpatron!—rosopurs Kapryma, cauMan ~ypaxky,—Ha rb- 
BOMB @laHrhb y Hach BHA HexBaTKa! COMM Hallux! IpH- 
KasaHO BCBMB OTCTYNATb, HO CaMH BH BUAUTe, ITO HeMb MH 
Bb oopsauKsb, Ooatsca neyero! Hama yususia Bb apieprapazs, 
HalTh DONKb DOCIBIHAMb; 9TH POTH, ITO YONI, Daseko He 
yHAYTS; CKOpo M MH NowpzeMb, Ha HOUb Halla poTa BB Oxpa- 
HeHie, a 3aBTpa Hach cMBHATD. (TyYTb OH BOSBHIMAeTS Pooch 
‘CIHKO BO3MOKHO). A 3a CerOHAMHee DHIO HAIAIbHAKS THBE- 
BiH IPHkKasarb NoOnarosapuTs Bach, 6paTin! 

HecrTpovo comlaTH OTBBYANTS cBoe ,panH cTapaTbca* u 
0 BHpakeHi AXd IHU BADHO, TO OHH BOONHB yOBIeETBO- 
peHH oO6bAcHeHIeME HW YCHOKOMMACS. 

Ha oxpaHenie,—noizemb MW Ha OXpaneHie! MH OT CHYROW 
He OTKA3HBaeMCA, OHIO 6H HBBBCTHO, ITO Tpe6yeTca! roBOpHAH 
9TH JHA. 

OnHako OTCTYNHTS CHOKOHHO He yaocb. SNOHOH 3aMBTHIH 
Hayapmieeca oTcTylueHie 4 TycTHA WHO AXb DBAHYIHCh Ha 
NO3sHUiW, Ha KOTOPOH Koe-rgh ene OCTaBaJIHCh OTXBIbHHA po- 
TH, N010KeHIe KOTOPHXS CTAHOBHIOCh CepbesHbMb, TAK Kak 
OKasaTb COMpPOTHBNeHie HaBUraBLIMMCA MacCaMb HelplaATeJb- 
CKkoH IBbxoTH OHH He MOI. Ho Hw NouomeHie CaMuXb AMOH- 
Tesh OHNO HesaBhHOe: UBIHH PADS KPOBONPOAUTHHXS, HO 
HeyTauHHXb atakb DepeyTOMUNb Xb; WhXOTAa ABUraach 
Buepelh HeyBpeHHO, CTP BIA HellpepHBHO A SeslopAqo Ho, 
Kak'b 6yITO *Keuad MPOTHaTb BparoBb OHUMb UIYMOMb. ITO 
OOCTOATEILCTBO OOOMPUNO HAMIUXS CONMATh,—,AWIL, TpewmluTh- 
To! BopoHs wyraers!* ocrpniu ov. Ho ryb-To ANOHUN BHI 
Ha yxXe OUMMeHHY!O Tosuni HW OTTYAa NOCIHIMaIKeb TOpKe- 
cTsyhumie Kpuku noObauteneH. YB BpPUBOIMCh, HAKOHeHS, ITO 


NPOTHBS COAHIIA. 41 


pycckaa apMia WBHCTBHTeIBHO OTCTyYNaeTb, ANOHUN OHCTpO 
NOMI BIepedb, [pO8H B8AaTONHTh, YHHITORATL ONostaBmlAxs. 
[loxa eTxoquau cocbaHia porn, Kapryma arb HBCKONbKO 8aH- 
N0Bb, HEAPYKHHXS, HEXOPOMIUXE... 

Anon OH yxRe Maraxb Bb NATHCTAaXs, komma 15-aA pota 
NOyina - TpuKasanie oTctynatTs. lloé6bautenm Obxann Bb 
pasOpoyb, MaXaH PyY2XbAMH, KpPH4a, CTpbuag, a poTa, yBHIbBD 
BUJOTHYW Bpara, Woyob6pasmach HW MeCHHO OTXOAHIa HasaTys. 
CommaTtH cTBCHAIACh apwHOaBIATh Marb HH, KAKb HBCKOIbKO 
MHHYTS Haga TOPONMHANCh Cb OTCTYNNeHieM, TAKS Tellepb, Ha- 
OOOpOTh, cTapaIHCh salepxaTeca Ha Dosuuin. Hbroropwe we 
BHeCpRHBAaAIH, Wpexwle, TMB CUYCTHTSCA, OCTARHABIMBAIHCE, 
WpHialaiH Ha OJHO KOUBHO, CTapaTedbHO UPHIbIMBaAIACh HU 
cTpbasia. Ilypa Toxe, xoTd He YYBCTBOBANb HHKAKOM 306M 
Rb Bpary, OCTAHOBHJICA MOCMOTPBTb Ha ANOHUWeBb,—CAAMIKOM'D 
YX OOHDHO OHIO CMY TAK B3ATS HU YHTH Cb NOsHHiM, Ha Ko- 
TopoH Takb ycuobmHo Apasucs Wh Deus. 

Yxe DoBepHyBmNch, ITO6H HOTH, Ilypa BUapyrs yeu brn 
OsHtyKa, KONOMMBMAarocA OKONO OCHA, Ha KOTOPOMS BOsHACA 
ero Oaraxb. XOpomenbRif JOXMATHH OCIHER, JHOHMEIF BCef 
POTH, HACTOPOAHJICH, H BO BCB rilasa CMOTPBIb Bb CTOPOHy 
OHCTPO IPHONHKABMIAXCA ANOHDCB'S. - 

— Jiypaxh, uy cropbe Bau3sb!—rpnkayss [llypa. 

ONAHTYKS, He OFIATHBAACh, UPOLOMKaTh BOBUTECA, COpo- 
CHI'b, H&aKOHelb, H&8 3eMJIN BLOKB H COo6panca yc'beTacn 
Ha OCJa. 

—Kakb TH cwbenth!—rpukuysrnlilypa, sosMynieHHHt Thm, 
GTO OpocawTh ero Sarah U TYTH TOKO 3aM'BTMIb, ITO OnaH- 
YyYKb pasyTb H CO CTYMHH eFo OOHIBHO TeyeT KpoBb. Bs sto 
BpeMA OCHHKS, He B3IPOrHyBh, OYCTHJICA Ha BCB 4eTHpe 
HOrH, & ONAHHIYKR ynanb wa Hero. [lepBHMB BuseHiemwD 
Illypy 6n10 OpocHTBcaA Kb HeMY HA TOMOMIb, HO, HeO#kMTAaHHO 
3aMBTHBb, ATO HA MOsHWjH yee NOITH HHKOFO He OCTAOCh, 
GTO poTa yxte CNYCTUNACh, OHS BB MANMYECKOMh cTpax’ 6po- 
CHiica ObmaTh, OCTABHBD ONAHTyRKa HA DPOH3B0NIb CYTbOW. 

Pota OHCTpO CUYCTHIach BHH3b,—BCTYNHIAa Bb PaosAyh, 
CBepHya HWBCKOJBKO BoapaBo H CKOpO BHIMNWa Ha Ka- 
Ky-TO opory, 0 cymlecTBoBaHiH KOTOpoH He 3HaH HA odn- 
HepH, HH CONTaTH, XOTA HW MpOCTOANH 10 6NH30CTH HBCKOAbKO 
AneH. Kapnyma HacTaHBasTb Ha TOM, ITOOH poTa Mia IbIbN, 
HO CONTaTH HURAKB He MOMIM CilpaBUuTbCA cb coool A TON 
Xb10 COuBaIuCch KyyeH Ha Fopory. besnopsAnokb yBeIHIMBaIH 
paneHbe, BCTpByiaBMlecA Ha WOpOrb MH MpHcoeAuHABIMIecA Kb 
pork. Onn Openu, ommpanch Ha BHATOBKA HW ApPyrb Ha Apyra, 
wouaa DepeHOca cTpayabia, NPHIHHACMHA 4Mb KAKANMD Ua- 
YrOoMb, TOHHM&A, ITO OHJIO He 20 HBX AW 38HHMATbCA MMH HE- 


42 RAH X >. 


KTO 6H He CTab,—cuacu60, 4YTO XUTb He MPOrOHAWTh OT 
porn! Wnoraa To OXMH, TO Apyro, BHOUBIIHCH M38b CHIb & 
TOHABb, GTO eMY HE YHTH OTb cBOeH CcyAbOH, roToBnBmelt 
eMy ITO-Tu CTpamlhoe, HeHsBBCTHOe, BaJINJICA Ha 8eMIN, Henpe- 
MBHHO Bb CTOPOH'S, ITOOH He BarOpaxkKHBaTbh BOpory u He MB- 
Wath TBMb, KOTOpHwe elle MOryTb HATH, CHAMaIb malty # 
HAaYHHANIb MOJUMTECA, —TO OHJa mpocbOa 0 nomarb, o6pamenvan 
He CTOIbKO KB Bory, CKONbKO Kb JHLAMD, HO JOH TOPONMBIHCh. 
IpoHTH MUMO, B36branu CMOTpBbrb, He 3samMbialH yuaBmaro, H 
JHIIb HBKOTOPHE, MpoxoyA, SpocanuH emy KopKy xm'b6a, KOTO- 
pylo ObAHATA OPHHUMaANb Cb ONaroqapHocTbyo UM UpHIATa- 
HiAMH, COBCBMD Tak, Kakb WbIawTb ¥TO UpH“AopoxawHe Hutte. 

' CMepkasocb. Comune TOHYIO Bb TOM CaMOMb MOPS, W3b-3a 
KoTOparo JIH1ach KPOBb, M TOMbKO TpoMayHvoe OOMako, yxKe Fep- 
Hoe H& OAHOMb KOHIVb, APYT4Mb CBOMMb Kpaemb, Oarposo- 
KpacHHMb, cia6o ocBbiao semi. KoatypH MBCTHOCTH IPE 
TAKOMB OCBBOICHIM CA'BIaIHCh Hey3sHaBaeMHMH, Kb TOMy-2Ke 
poTa Kakb 6yATo cOuNach Cb AOPOrH; Takb AyMauH ComfatH, 
NOTOMY-4TO TAaOIAH HeOHKWMAaHHO KOHYBICH HM Wopora crama. 
NOXHUMATBCA H&a DOJOrylo, Decwanylo CcOnKy, NOKpHTYW Meux- 
KHMD opbuaukoms. [lepenuie ocTaHOBHMcb, He 3Haa, Kya 
uMb HTH. Ha caMomMb WbIB pota B3ATa Bbpwoe BanpaBuenie, 
GyYTb OTKJOHHBINKCh Kb BOCTOKY, HO MBCTHOCTb ONJIA HesHako- 
Mad, UOTOMY 4TO COaTH, He 3aM'B4aA TOrO, WIM OFeHb OH- 
CTpO, NOYTH O'BxKaH, WAaBHO y2xXe MNpowH MMMO CBOeH OMB- 
ImeH CTOAHKH, H OHH aneko OTB Hes. Kapayma, ryame 
KpyTuxh oplestTupoBasmilicg, pacwopaaMlca OHIO “ATH [pAMO, 
Ho Makapb Tpodumosuyb yOBourb ero CAblaTh MpHBah, a. 
TBMb BpeMeHeMh HocuaTb WOeH Ha pasBBbaky. 

BHNOHHTb 9TOrO He Yal0chb,—ANOHUH y2ke MOCTaBHIM Ha 
6HBMeH Dosnin OaTapelo HW CTanH OrHeMb Ipec'boBath oT- 
cTynaBmia Bolicka. [lepBas-xe Dipallnelb pasopBalacbh HusKO, 
IpAMO Hab KyAKOM COMMaTh, CTOMMUBIMXCA BOKPyVb Kapuy- 
ma uM henbAbebenaA, pasrIslHBaBuIAXd kapty. Beb 6pocuauen. 
Bb PAscCHUHYH. [ath yenoBbRd ocTatocb Ha M'BCTS. 

— Bd nopagkb! Bs nopagksb! Oro cryyainaa!—ycubap 
TOKO 3aKPHGaTb MaJICHbKiM KalluTaHb U Bb TY Xe MMBYTY 
yah Ha 3eMJI. 

Hbckoubko YeJOBBKE nog6bxal0 KB HeMy. Illypa Toe 
XOTBIDb DOM0KHTH, HO Bb 9TO BDpeMA, KaKb Ha 30, paso- 
PBaIOch ele HBCKONBKO DipanveseH, BHXOZMI0, 3HadHThb, ITO 
TepBan Oba He Ciyyalsad, H compaTH OBroMd BB 6esnopsAaKb 
O6pocuHch BBepx’b. Makapb TpodumMoBuyh rpoMOBHM’b FONOCOM 
KpH4aJ'b:—HOCHIKH! HOCMIKH! HO HOCHOKb HUKTO He 1osaBad'b. 
CaHuTapb Cb HOCHIKaMH, TAaKHMH JJIMHHHIMH, 4TO KOHEI HX 
BONOUMICA 00 semMIb, Obxanb Boepenu Illypy u, xota Ilypa 


BPOTABD COHIA. 43 


ABAXAH OKIUKHYJb ero, OHS Rake He OFIAHylica. Yuteps- 
ehaleph non6bxarb Kb HeEMY, Cb pas6bra JOBKO yapusTb 
ero IpsMoO 00 3yOaMb H, BHPBAaBb HOCHIKH, NOTAUBIb HXb 
BHH3b, & CAHHTAPDH TONBKO 300HO BHPyTasica H NpPOhOMKaNh 
ObaxaTh, yBrekan 3a co6ok Ulypy, cosHaBaBmlaro Bech N030pb 
cpoero O6BrcTBa. HO HHKaKb He MOrMaro OBNAaA'BTD co6oh H 
OCTAHOBHTLCA. XBAaTAAHCh 8% KYCTH, 8&8 XMeCTKYN KONWAYD 
TpaBy, NOMHHMAJICA OH} BBepXh, IpokNHHAaA cea, cBOe MalO- 
ymie H Bb TO me BPeMA ACHO IpenctaBuag ceOB, kakb Wpou- 
301110 6H BCe, eCHHOH BePHYJICH oHb Kb Kapryuib: Kakb 
PpascTYNATCA CONMaTH H MWpOMycTaTh ero Kb HOCHAKAMb, KARD 
KalHTaHb IpHMOAHAMETCA Ha OnHOH pyRKB u ¢kaxkeTb eMy,— 
»IpHMATe KOMAHNOBaHie poTO“,— yNHOHETCA M10 CBoeMy, *Aal- 
KO-asIKO, H WOUPOCHTS,—,,He OOnKalTe MOUXS Apsei“...—,,.oc- 
HOWH, K&K'b 9TO mepakol—nepeOuBams ce6a Illypa, Ho, sanu- 
XaAicbh, NPOMOIKaNb HATH BBEPXh, & MHCIb, HeMpepHBHO pado-. 
Tad, MposoxXalta PHCOBATb KapTHHH YBJIeKaTeJIbHHA H CO- 
6OasHHTCIBHHA: Kakb COUWaTH OKPyKaTb eF0, CHHCTBCH- 
Haro CBOerO HadaJbHuka, 3a00TAaMH H BHUMAaHieM, Kak'b BHBe- 
neTb OHS poTy H8b TARCNarO WOMOKeHIiA WH KAKb, HAKOHEID, 
KOMAHLEPDd OJKa, OTeN'b, NOCTaBNeHb OylerTh Bb HeIpiATHYN 
HeEOOXOAHMOCTL OTJIHYHTh ero Depexb DpoywMu odunepaMaA. 
lypa He COMHBBaNICH Bh TOM, 4TO STO OyDeTh eMy OFeCHb 
TAKEO H OHS DWOCTapaeTcaA Cy'bIaTb STO CYXHMb H OpMAdb- 
HHM> TOHOMb, HO Bb AyMIb, KOHEYHO, OD OyYTeTh ToOpAATbcA 
CHHOMDb H OTHOMeEHIA HXb CTAHYTh COBCBMB APyruMH; BpeMA 
OTb BpeMeHH OH GOyeTb Tpe6oBaTb ero KB ce6b u COBBTO- 
BaTbCH Cb HHMDb O PasSHHX)b CJYyReOHHXS, UPeAMyMLeCcTBeHHO 
HOMKOBHXD D'B1AaX... 

A CaMb OBD DPOA0NKaIb HATH, WBONAACH 3a BCe, ITO HH 0- 
Halaso NOX PyYKH, Takb Kakb NolbeMd, 6larosapA CyMepKam#,, 
KazaJsich KPYTHMb HM TPYTHHMb. BwaA HaBepx’, Ilypa Ht- 
CKONbKO yCUoOKoHIca wu opucbrb. YenosBKB MecTb comarh 
Me€AJeCHHO HECIH Bb TOpy HOCHIKH Cb paHeHHM’b. Hectu Ono 
rhMb Tpyiube, ITO BAR3y OHIO y2ee COBCBMD TeMHO. A packa- 
J@HHHH j0-KpacHa kKpalH Ty4H OHICTpO TeMH'BIB... eme He- 
MHOFO H CTaHeTb OKOHYaTeIbHO TeMHO! Ilypa cTanb MOJUTD, 
IPOCHTb KOFO-TO, UYTOOH COHN OCTAaHOBHIIOCh, ITOOH OO 
ee CB'BTNO XOTb Nomacal 

Hocuku yOilicrBeHHo MeJIeHHO, Kakb kaszasnocb Ilyps, 
ABHTaJIHCh BBepx'’b. BHusy Bb TacdAHh NOCWHMaIuch KaKie-To 
KpHkH; Ilypa acho CAWManb TOKO CoB0O—,OpaTuHl..© A 
Makapb TpodaMoBy4yt, Kak pasb DoLomenmill Kb HeMy, CJIN- 
Malb,—,O6paTin, pbxyTp!* Boa06aBokb ONATS HBCKONbKO DIpan- 
Hexen! YepRaTb ComMaTh ye He OHIO BOSMOXHOCTH, H, eCM- 
OH @HH He OHM YTOMICHHN JO IpesBhyaiHocTH BCbMb epe-. 





44 . HAH LA Sb. 


MHTHMH 2&2 3TOTH WeHb, TO BCH poTa pasObxanach OH TAKS, 
"TO ee ONTO HeIhHsA OHIO 6H COOpaTs. 

Camuii 3Bbpcrit, caMHH yxacHHH akTb Ha BOHAS, sTo Npe- 
crbuopanie orcrynammeH apMin,—a eme apTusnepiiickum, 
ornems! [ipanneiu, MIMMo3H Tpy60, WHHHIHO DONT 0 Topxe- 
cTBB MOOBANTeCIA, O TOM, ITO NOOBReEHHOMY HBTS H He MO- 
meTh OHTh NOMA, MV ObWTh OBryWAXd, SessalluTHHX’h, 6e3- 
CHIBHHXDS CUBIATE XOTb ITO HHOVAb. THCAIH, JeCATRH THCAYS 
moyeh o6pawiantcA Bb TONUH RUBOTHHXS, KOTOPHXS mpecrb- 
KYNTH WH 6bWTS Ha BHOOPS H KOTOPHMD He oOCTaeTCA HIELO 
Ipyroro, Kakb TOKO yObrats wx upataTecs. Gro apyroe Mors 
OHH lpuyzymaTs? PasposHekabe, HeHaBuAAMie Npyrb Apyra no 
rOTOBHOCTH IPH BCAKOMB OBO MyCTATS Bb BAO DITHK?, 
Wy, TWoqaBNeHHbe COsHaHiemMb CBoeH pas0OMmeHHOCTH A Ipo- 
HCXOZAMaro OTCHMa HAITOReCTBA KaKTaro U BCBXB BM'BCTH, 
OHH MOPIH TAKS ObskaTb WeCATKY, COTHH Bepcrs, Spocan pade- 
HHXb, aBA OTCTABOINX'S, WH OCTAHABNMBANHCh TOABKO TOrHa, 
Korqa WpecHTupmilica yOiiictBomb sBbpb ycraparb Camb i 
KOHYaIb mpecrbaopanie. Dlypa 6bxarb, DopaxeHHul stoi 
GesYeNOBBIHOCTEW, KOTOPYN VOYYBCTBOBaANS H NOHANb. Panows 
Ch HMM’, THREMO COUA, WET XOXONb, MPAIBHH, BCeraa yrpw- 
MO MOWYABIMIH, sanacHHii [lontasckoH ry6epHiv, TBepao cTOsB- 
mit Ha TOM, YTO ero ,3a6pamH He MO 3aKOHY* (XOXAOBDb Wi- 
CTBHTeCJIbHO TOCHaIH TepBHMH BS Hakasanie 3a CuBulie Bb 
901 roxy 6esNopAAKH) H MOTOMY MCTHBILIA CBOUMD ,BoporamMB~ - 
110 CBOeMY, BPO TOTO, HANPAM BPS, ITO CTPBAATS OH BBEPXh, 
BMBCTO TOMO, ITOOH USINTSD TYa, Kya eMYy IIpAkasnBan, 
uw BCB ycunin Maxapa TpodumMosnya ,BpasyMuTS“ ero pas6x- 
BaIHCh O HeECOKPYMuMoe YIPAMCTBO BTOTO ,MoNTaBya®. axe 
Ob, COBepMeHHO OesytacTHO OTHOCHBOLIACA Ko BCBMB lepa- 
DATiIAMb BOMHH WH YTD JIM He panoBaBlificn nocpamMmeHib 
»BparoBh* CBOHX, Tevepbh BHMeIb H38b cebs. 

— [llo-*b BOHH He BHXATS, MO MH yrekaeMb A8b AX'b 
HpoRNATOH Manaxypin! 

— BoTb TO-TO OHO @ eCTb, ITO yrekaemsb! Ha6n TH, 4Fep- 
TOBB XOXONb, He YTeCKaIb, HAIeErO OH MW He OH0,—OTBBIETS 
emy Maxapt T'podumosn 4s. 

Xoxa BUIpyrh BsopBano. OA O6epHyICA Kb herbapeserw, 
SHEPrH4HO BHPyrasb ero H H30 BCBX'b CUNb DIBHPHYINb Pye 
Ha 3eMJIN Tak'h, WTO DPHKIalb pasnerbica Ha Kycku. [loToms 
nobepHyJICA H WOMIeIb. 

— AX, TH, pas60HHHuKE! AX, TH, BOT 92akih'—3apeB brs 
ma Hero Makaps TpouMOBuYhb,—UOXHHMA BHHTOBKY, TeOs’ 
WpuKasHBayl.. 

Iilypa ucnyrasca uctatb yauMaTbh pacxoluBimaroca PebA- 
@edena, Ho Makaps Tpodumosuysb, xoTa H CIrbaoBaNb oOwH- 


NPOTHS’> COAHDA. 45 


TeibHO 3a Illypot, 2asad NOHATb, ITO CIUTACTb, ITO KOMAHO- 
BaHie poToH Mepello Kb HeMY, Ha YrUBOPH He IleJIb H Xo- 
ThIb HeElIpeMBbHHO ,yloTpeéuTb cuy“, Taxp ato [lypa, 6oaB- 
Mitica CKaHata, JOKeHb OWNNb Ha HeETO DPHKPHRHYTh, DOCrb 
ero CTapHH COTaTb, HHYYTh He VOUABBIUHChL, B8ATb DOXb 
KOSHpeKb HM OTBBTHJIb — ,CUyllaWcbh, Balle Ouaroposie!* 
YMHUIeCHHO TpOMKO, 4YTOOH CJIbMatn Beb Okpy2xabiuie, yere 
Ulypa, Bupoyem>, He NOHAID. 


Hansa» 


( Oxonxante esrdyem). 





KpHTaka Hay IHbIXb UOHATIM WM eA 3Ha- 
yeHie JIA Hamero MipocosepllaHis. 


ed 


Bb TO BpeMH, KAKD Y HACL ALeETS TARKCAaA Sopb6a sa ocBobompesie, 
BY SalagHot Epponb copepmaetca KpyOHH nepeBopors Bb OOxracTH Tee- 
peTayeckos miicav. Craps AOrMaTa yeckig HCTABH DOABeprawTcs EPATHIe- 
cxo# nepepa6oTes 4 Hame’ HayaHoe MipoBO33pBHie, Cb TAKUM TPY.AOMh 
ecBOOOAMBMeeca OTh TEOIOTHYCCKEHXD BIiAHIA, BXOAUTS Bb HOBYW (pasy 
pasBaTia. Bb HacTosieH cTaTbB MH elaeMb NOSHAKOMETS YHTATeAA 
Cb STHM® HOBHLIME TeyeHiemb PuxXOcOMcKAarO MEIUAeHIA, HO UpeTeHAyA 
HH Ha NOAHOTY, HH H& HayIHyW CTpOTOCTh H3l0ReHIA, TAK RAK HC 
aMBeMD BH BUY ClleniadACTOBD. MhelawMAxt O1nmRe WOsHAKOMHTBCA Cb 
SATPOHYTHMH UpoOseMaMH, MEI OTCHIAeME Kb paboTams THX ABTOpoBt, 
KOTOPHIG DHTHPOBAHH Bb CTaTHB. 

Hosoe mipososspbuie, HecoMA'BHHO OyzeTb, HMBTS OOIbMOC BHAYEeHIe 
xis OcBboeHiA MHOrHXb BOUpOCOBS ucTopiocodiu wu conioxoriv, KorTe- 
phe Bb HacTosmiee BpeMa OCOOeHHO HHTeEPeCYHTL HW BOAHYWTS Ha- 
MUX WwTaTereH. 


I. ; 


Yexopbueckas MbICKb, Nocab oOATHXS kKOAeOanifi uw cRATanift BS 
CROAXD MOWCKAXb HaHTH H TIOHAT CYMHOCTh OKpyaMnlaro Hach 
mipa, IPHXOJHTb, HakOHeEN'b, kb yYObRIeHiW, ATO Tako CyMHOCTH 
BOBCe HT, A ITO WO8atH Mipa, AOCTYOHArO HAMAMD YYBCTBaMb, Mipa 
BHAUMArO H OCA8aeMar0, HBTh Apyroro, ckpHTaro Mipa. EquacTBeHHag 
PeaAbHOCTh 8TO UH @CTb TO, YTO MBI BHAHMb, CIABUIUMb, OCH3aeM'D. 
Apyro# peasbHoctu, Tanaro, cpeqHeBbEROBaro NouMenon, BOBCe HBr. 
M oTo kacaeTcH He TOIbKO MeTaH3Hyeckaro OLITiIA NO TY CTOpOHY 
Hamlero 0sHaHia, HO & TOH pealbHOCTH, KOTOPy® 0 CHXd 
Oph JaBalH HaM'b TOYAMA HayKH, NOAb BIMHICMS CTAPHXh NepeRart- 
KOBh MuAocopix. 

OTO upesBhlualine BaskHOe BaBoeBaHie YelOBbyecKOH MEICAM HOABH- 


KPHTHKA HAYYHRXD NORATIA. 47 


zocb nocaB joaro# # ynopHot paboTH HayaHOs# axocopceo# EpHTAEH. 
HaiHhad Ch NepBHXb 8a4aTKOBh YAOBBYCCKOH MEICIH, KARS ORE BH- 
paxaltca Bb Mipocosepnania ApeBRBAMUXS HApOsOBb, & TAKE y 
COBPCMCHHHIXS HAaMb AHEAXS NACMCHD, CTOAMAXb HA HASIDEXS CTy- 
HCHAX PasBUTIA KYALTYPH, MH BAABM'S, ITO IEAOBBEY EARS OH BPORMeHA 
ued NBOHCTBeHHOCTH BCBXS BBAHMHIXS ABIeHi#. CorsacHo sToh Aes, 
TO, ITO MHI BAHN A OCS32eM'b, CCTh TOIBKO NPOSBAeHie KAKOA-TO BHOM 
CYMIHOCTH, KOTOPYW MHI MOAEMS Ne8HATL TOABKO IPH NOMOMA YMOSAkAN- 
woHif, GomeCTBeEHHAaYO OTEPOBEHiA HIM Kakoro-3H60 oco6aro cocToaHis 
Halero AyXa, KAS OKCTA3b, COHS, HHTCIICRTYAILHOe coseplanie # 
tT. A. Ha UpHMHTHBHHXD CTYNeCHAX pasBuTia KYALTYPH BEA Ta 
IpHHHMaeTE rpyOHa POpME anTpoNnoMOpdusma Ho aHuMHBMa. (Taylor. 
Hayaia kyabTypH. R. Avenarius. Philosophie als Denken der Welt, 
gemass d. Principe d. Kleinsten Kraftmasses). CospemeHems ona 
oOxekaeTcd BE POPMH DuAOCOPCKAXS H «HAYIHEIX» mipoBosap bail. 
CyMIHOCTBW OFPyRawMlaro Hach Mipa MooVepeAHO ABAAWTCA BH APeB- 
HOCTH OFOHb, BOAa, BOSAYX, apHoMeTHYeCKIiA WCAa, ABHReHie, BACH 
HT. X. Bo Hamel EyabTypb oTH Hen rpeyeckoh muazocodin cxnBa- 
TCH BL OHO Ch HICAMH XPHCTiaHCkKaro MipoBOsspbHia. CxorzacTuye- 
Ckifi Me€TOXh MEIMIAeHia 4 GeskoHeEdHOe TOAKOBAHie CBAMeHHATO NHCAa- 
Hid apaOckHMH, espeHiCKHMH H XpPHCTiaHCKHMH yYeHHMH Upiyyam~rp 
yMB wesoBbyeckifi Kb TAaKOMY METOLY MHMAeHIA H YEPBIASWTS ero 
Bb 9TOMb HalpaBienin. Bb cBAMeHHHXS KHBTaxb cpesuie BEA BR- 
xbaH He TO, ITO HANHCaHO, & COBePHIEHHO OcUb6HH CMHICAB. ITO BBI- 
Hoe HCRAanie ApyroH cyn{HOCTH 6e3b COMBSHIA TATOTbeTS H HA COBpe- 
MeHHOH MEICAH. CpesHeBBROBAR MEICIb OOpamena ObAa r1aBHHM' OOpa- 
3OMb H@& HCTOAKOBAHIC CYNHOCTH Kakb OKPYRAWMAXb Hach ABACHIH, 
TAEb H HCTOPHYECKHXS MakToph. Yoxosbkeb HAS KAR OH cpequ 
@aHTOMOBD, COsJAHHHXS Cro we coOcTBeHHOH gantasief, mpucnoco6- 
ISiCh Bb cBOeH KA8HH OOIbMe Kb STHMS DAakTOMaMhb, IBM Kb 
AbAcTBATCIBHLIND ABIEHIAMD. HeyuBHTeIbHO MOCAB 9TOrO, ITO UH Bd 
HacToaee BpeMa NoHATie CyMHOCTA saBleHii TakD ray6oKO eRHTD 
BB HalleMb MHIMIeHIK, ITO HYKAN IpesBLGaHHna yculia yMa, 4ITOOH 
OCBOOOAHTBCA OTb Hero. Jlame Tako reHiaitbHili MHICIMTCAb, KAD 
Kanth, crbirapuliii upessnuaiino MHOTO Aa TOTO, TOON HanpaBHTh 
GeIOBBYCCKYH MHICAb Bb Haslemamee pycio WhHCTBHTeIbHLIXS ABIC- 
Hifi, U,TOTh He MOF OCBOOOAUTECA OTH afew ABOfcTBeHHOCTH Mipa A 
YUpOwwAD WoHATie BemleH «caMAxb BB ce6b» A Mipa «TPaHcesent- 
Haro». 

Ha paByAbHYyW NOCTaHOBRY BONpoca HMbAO NepBocTeneHHoe BaAix- 
Hie Mpewje Bcero pasBUuTie ecTecTBOsHaHia Bb XVIII a XIX BB., BB Oco- 
GeHHOCTH Ke pasbuTie (usuku A XaMin. Haya orn, Oyayyn mo cymectBy 
CBOCMY CBA8AHH Ch YelOBBYCCKUMD OMAITOMb, SAaCTAaBIAIH B3cI'bx0Ba- 
Ted CIBTATLCA Bb CAaMHXS MHPOKAXS pasmMbpaxb cb HemocpelcrBer- 
HOW WhicTBHTeAbHOCTHIO. OnB NpiyialH MHICIb WeOBbKA HA KaaIOMb 
Wary AepxarTbca ABACTRHTeABHOCTH HM IIPHCHOCOOAATSCA Kb OFPOMHOMY 


48 wa KUAH Cb. 


pasHooOpasil0 UpHpOAH, Kb HeORHAAHHEIM, coveTAaHiaMh (akTOB. 
Bce aro Hapylaso UpesxHia UPHBHUKH pallionHadbuaro MHOdseHia. OKa- 
8aZ0Cb, 4T0 CaMbH UCKYCHHH CHIIOrH8Mb SBIReETCH HeMPBTOLHHIMD 
OpyAiemb Jia JOOwTIA HOBHXE HaywunXxb HCTHA. YUesopbueckili yua 
Bee Ooxbe u Oobe UPHBHKaIb Kb MBICIH, ITO Mipb HE CO8MaHD 0 
AJOTHYCCKOMY NAaHY, KAR STO, HANPHMBPb, BHCKASHIBAIOCh Bb Teopix 
CnuHQ3sH, HM 3TO HCTHHHOe TOsHaHie BOBMOMHO TOIbKO TOrsa, KOTAA 
Hayka uscCablyeTb BCS YACTHOCTH ABeHIH H NpuCMOCcObuTCA kO BCbM 
ocodeHHOCTAaM> IbHCTBHTeIDHOCTH. 

Ileppasd MOUHITKA HCHOIb30BaTb MeETOIN eCTeCTBOSHaRiA Aaa 
@ux0copin Ob1a cybrana OriocTromb Koxutoms. Muicaatexh sToOTh 0- 
CTaBHAb ACHYI WbAb AAA HaykKH. Od yKasal'b, ITO rayOuHa Hayd- 
Haro H8CI'BAOBaHiA ACKATS HE Bb HCKAHIM TaHHCTBeHHOH cyOcTaHmin 
pellieH, 2 BL OOHapyxenid BCBXS cBasei AanHaro ABIeHIA Cb IPyTHMA, 
Cb IFbAbIO UpeABuA'bHEA OyAyMAXs aBseni¥: savoir pour prevoir. Xora 
MO8HTHBHaA MusAocodia Konta wu umbra 6oxbuioe BaixHie Ha jadtb- 
Hbanlee pasBaTie MBICAH, ONHAKO me, BIiadHie 9TO OHIAO AOBOAbHO 10- 
BOPXHOCTHHIM, TAKS Kakb KOHTS He KOCHYICa 4pesBHyaino BaxHOH 
Bb 8TOMb BONpOch oTpacaH uscax'bloBaniff, a HMeHHO Teopiuv NosHaHis. 
Tlostomy wexOBbyeCcKaa MHICHb, BCTpbiasch Ch HOBHMH akTaMH H 
HOBHIMH TpeOoBaHiaMH HAyKH, YacTO He MOTaa yOepeybcA OTb HOBEIX'D 
MeTaHSHYCCRHXD NOHATIN. Metadusaka, BHTHanhad yepesh ABepb, 
KOSBpallatach Bb OKHO. 

OTH HOBHA TpeOoBaHid HayKM COCTOSIH Bb cArBAyHMeM>b. Baaro- 
apf TOUHOMY SKCIOPHMCHTAAbHONY MCTOAY, Hayke OOOraTHaach Maccoe 
HOBHIXS MakTOBb, KOTOPHeE HMbIA OrpoMHOe sHayeHie KRAKb JAX Hea 
camo, Takh H Ais Texnaku. Ho BCs sTa COBOKYNHOCTA SHaHif, Kacaw— 
Wascd akTOBb H HX OTHOMeHI#, TpeOoBara CHawBabWMaro UeMeHTa, 
4TOOH IpeBpaTHTLCA BH OMHO cTpoHHoe mbACe. Muicab yesoBbyeckaag 
He morza oOofirach Oe8b neHTpadbHok rpyooupoBkuH sHaHifi. UM sors. 
Onaa cosfqaHa KpomoTmaBoH paboro# cTosbrifi bran daaocodeKno- 
HayHad CHCTeMa, CBASHIBABLIad Bb HAalleMS YM’ pasposHeHAHe PakTH 
Bb OMHO WbAbHOe HayywHoe Mipocosepnanie. MH TyTb-TO cTapHa MpH- 
BHYKA MeTADPHSHVeCKarO MHMACHiA OUATD BCOANAH Hapyxy. Ips teo- 
peTuuecko o6pa6oTkb darTuyeckaro MaTepiala MpoABMdach cTapaa 
ex TBOHCTBeHHOCTH OKpyKabmaro Hach Mipa. Hayka coslaza Mipo- 
BOS3pBHie, PasHAICeCH KOPCHHHMDE OOpasomMb OTS HEMOCpeACTBEHHO 
HOCTYHHaro HaM OHTA. Bubcro BuAUMEIXD aABJeHifi Mipa, Ona Cco- 
3aia HOBHIK Mipb, cocTosmifi TOIbKO H38b oupa, ATOMOBS H HX'b. 
ABHReHI. TakHmMb oOpas0Mb, BHOBb BhIpaboTascd BSrasyb, yRe HA 
OCHOBAHIH JaHHHIXb €CTECTBO3HAHIA, GTO 3a HEMOCPeACTBEHHO AOCTYN- 
HHMb HaMb MipOMb CKPHBaeTCA ApyroH, MCTHHHYIO CYMMHOCTh KOTO-- 
paro packphikaeTh HaM'b Hayka. OHH Hsb OTHXS MiPOBb—MiPb BE- 
umn, co BcbMb pasHooOpasiem’® SBYKOBb, KpacOKb, CBbTa Hh HaSHH. 
ApyroH — mipb wayku, AuMeHsHH Bebxb kKayecTBB A cocTosaniit 
MCKIIOYNTCAbHO H3b KaKOH-TO OAHOOOPasHOH MaTepid HW ea ABHAKEHIE, 


EPHTHKa HAYUBMXD HOBATIB. 46 


EIR E26 HSDb CHIE H OHEPIiA, YYO-TO TOME HeAOCTYMHare Henocpes- 
CTBCHHOMY osHaHin. Hisb sTHxb ABYXS MIPOBS OAHHS CURTACTOS 
MeHbe peasbHHME, TSM Apyro#. OTa MeHbMAs peambHOCTS UPHXO- 
AETCS, KARD H BL IPCRHHXD MOTADHSHIOCRHXD CHCTEMAXD, HA AOD 
Toro Mipa, KOTOPHH MHI NOSHaeMS HENOCPeACTBCHHO HaMHMH ONLYMIC- 
HigME. 

I[pHMEDPHTS UPOTHBOPSyis, BHITOKANDMIA H3b ABOHCTBOHHOCTH NOHS- 
Tig © Mipb, Hayka cTapazach crBAyDWUaMS o6pasoms. Mazo no Maxy 
cosyaxach Teopia, ITO Mipt, XHMICHHNM BCBXY KAveCTBE EpOM'’s Mexa- 
HAYCCKEXS, H CCTh Miph peaibHHH. Boa © KavecTBeHHad cTOpOHa 
eTO—-STO SBACHIC IICHXOXOTHYOCKOC, POMARWMCCCA HCKIWYHTEILHO BD 
uamems Ayxb. Buyaunfi cBbrh, OMlymaemad TeNAOCTA, SBYES HT. J. 
IpeBpaTHAuCh Telleph Bb OMYMeHIA SBYKa, CBbTa H TeNAOTH. O6beE- 
THBHOH peaXbHOCTH Bb e8THXS OMyMeHiaxh HTS H, Bb CYMHOCTH, 
6urie uxb HeOObSCHHMO. Memxy OObCKTHBHHME MIPOMD MOXAHHIC- 
CKEXE SBJeHifi H CYOBeETHBHOM cTropoHol OniTia—UcaxHko# H cosHa- 
HiemE—O6pasoBaxach HeNpPOXOJHMad Uponacth. «Kcan6H cymectTso- 
BaXb HACAILHHA yeroBbieckifl Ayx>, OOaalanMit BChMH BOSMORBHME 
[ig wex0BbEa 0sHaniams, ropopaTs Du Bois Raymond, To on» 
6H SHarb BCH MexaHHKY Mipa. byzymee H Upomexmee BCbXL OODEE- 
THBHHIXS SBACHIA OHIO OH AA Hero packpHTO. OgHakome Ob Ha 
OCHOB&HIH CBOHXS AJaHHHXh HHKOTAa He OHAD OW BB COCTOSHIA 10- 
HSTh BOSHHEHOBEHIe cosHania. (Da Bois Raymond: «Ueber die Grenzen 
des Naturerkennens» ). 

OTOT HayIHHH BerssyXb wpech6pasoBarca ele AaXbIIe DOAD BxAis- 
wiemE HxealucTHieckoR daxocodia. Puxzocodia era upoxosmaza pas- 
BEBSTbCA BINA CTOXBTIA PAAOM Cb CCTECTBOSHAHICMS H DOYTH He- 
SaBHCHMO OTB Hero. Ona yIssa, ITO MIPB HamMlero OUNTAa HB 4TO 
WHOG, Kak HAxpsia. PeasbHoe me OrTie—TpaHCHeHseHTHO. OOnEEO- 
BOHHOMY OKTY NosHanie eToro 6HTia HefocTynHO. Ha nowt stoi 
Ouxocodin BuHpocaa oco6aa Teopia BocupiaTi#, KOTOpad cOCTOHIa BB 
crbxywulems. TpakcieHAeCHTHHa, BHBOEIA IPHIBAH AbAcTBYHTD Ha 
CYOBORTS H DPOHSBOJATS Bb HEM HUB3BKCTHHA Omymenis. Cy6bexrTs 
me CaM, BL CHAY cBOeH coOcTBeHHOH UpPHposH, coyeTaeTS H IpydnH- 
pyeTh STH ODLyMeHia H COCTABISCTS H8b HHXS UpeAMeTH CBOETO 
omuta (W. Wundt. Physiologische Psychologie). 

Bs cBa3H cb stom reopiei Noxzyaw1a mMsporoe pacupoctpaxenie 
Teopis’ NosHaBaeMOCTH ABIeHiff pearbHaro Mipa, paspadoTanHaa ['erbM- 
rosbijemMb. OHE YTRCPHAaNb, WTO BUABMEIC DPeAMETH—9TO He ITO HHOE, 
KAKE TOABKO CHMBOAH IIPOAMOTOBS TpancueHACHTHHXD (H. v. Helm- 
holtz. Vortrage und Reden 1884). Ornomenia oTaxt CHMBOJOBD MCKAY 
¢o6000 TAKOBN Me, EAE H OTHOMCHIA CaMHXE TPAHCHCHJCHTHHXS Be- 
me. Mscrbays OTHOMeHIS CHMBOAOBS Mex Ty CO6OW, MH MOKEML Ta- 
KEME OOPasoMh COCTaBHTD ce6b HBEOCTOPOS UpesACTaBAeHie 0 PeaIbHHIXs 
OTHOMCHIAXS Bele. TakuMb TOKO OOpasomb # ABAAeTCA NOHAT- 
EMM IPH A@HHHXS YCAOBIGX® CYMeCCTBOBaHiG HAYKE EH meshO1e- 

Slumapp. Orabsr I. 4 


56 em KONE b. 


MOCTH 68 8aKOHOBD. Ho, kak ME BBUXBM', NO sTOH TeOpia HCTHHHAA 
cyT Bene OcraeTCH HAM HeAOCTYNHOH axe IPH NOcpeACTBS wayEE. 
TakHMb o6pasomM) 103a,H BAJHMAarTO Mipa Hayka Cosxaxza Apyroft Mips, 
mip ocsupa, aTOMOBL H JBHReHI, He_OCTYHHHH HemocpeycTBeHHOMY 
omniTy. Ho 4 93TOTS HayyHHR Mipb, Bb CBOW O4YEpeRb, NO AAeaTH- 
CTHYCCKAMS TeOpiaMd, TORe He HAacTOaMi Miph, & TOABEO UpPOsBrAeHie 
SQKOHHOCTH TPaHcheHAeHTHAarO Mipa, eme Sorbe HexOCTyNHAarO 103Ha- 
Hin. [lozyunsach Kakad-TO MeTadusHka Bb KBaxApaTb. Uerzosbaecnaa 
MHICIb, EOHCGHO, HE MOTAA JOITO AOBOALCTBOBATECA TAKHMD pboeHiows 
OCHOBHHXb BOMpOcoBS MipoBosspbHis. Ipumaoch ABCYBAOBATL AAAINC, 
Kak BOBHHKACTS Y HACh NOSHAHIC KaYeCTBS NpPeAMeTOBS, OTIETO 9TO 
nosHabie HMbeTS MeHbMee BHAYEHIe JAA PACKPHTIA HCTHHH, TSM HOsHA~ 
Hie YHCTO MexaHH4eCKOe, OTYerO ETH O6a porta NOsHaHifi kKAaRYTCA HAaWb 
HECOHSMBPHMEIMA H OTUeTO HX HeAbBA CBECTH KS OMHOMY Hatany, 
T. @. OTRYI&2 IpPOHCXOJHTS STOTS OCHOBHOH yalH8M NOSHaHis HT. X. 
OXHEMS CAOBOMb, MPHWIOCh DOABEPrHYTS KPHTHES H aHalusy TeopilD 
NosHania, OOMeNPHHATYH co BpeMeHS Kantra u nmpoBbpeTs ef OcHO- 
Baia (Riehl, Laas, K. Gbring a apyrie). 9To Aax0 TOXYORS AAA [BAb- 
Hbimaro pasBeTia PuxA0coPin Bb HAalpaBACHiH, YKASAHHOMS ye OT- 
yactH KanTomb, & BMCHHO Bb CMEICIB coraacoBankia MeTOOBh PuI0- 
coi cb MeTOJaMH TOUHHXS Haykb. Hayka, kakb MH YE TOBOPHIH 
BHING, UpeohpasoBarach 8a Ba Nocrbania croxbrin #85 pamionarn- 
cTHUeCEOH BL omMMBpHYecEyH. Ii pamxz0ch, coobpasyach cb oTHMDS hak- 
TOMb, HSCXBAOBATA TeOpi NOsHaHiA H NCHXOAOTIN IPH NOMOIMNH OMIH- 
payeckaro mMeToxa. IIcuxo1oria ye Cb NOAOBAHH! Mpomaaro crorxbria 
cTpeMHzach O6OcHOBAaTECA Ha HaGawAeHiA A ONHTS, No,06HO ecTecTBeH- 
HEIMB Haykam’s (T. Fechner, W. Wundt, Helmholtz a xp.). pa sroms 
@kasax0Ch, YTO WCHXAKa, 1d KOTOPOH He HaxOsHNOCh MbcTAa cpexH 
OOBCETHBHHXD ABACHIA Mipa, TAKS Re NOMYMHACTCA CTPOTHMS 8AKOHAMh 
H TAKS He AOCTYNHA TOUWLIMS MCTOLAMD HSCABLOBAHIA, KAKS WH ABICHLA, 
HashiBaeMbHA MeCXAHHYECKEMH. 

TaxHMs O6pasomMh cossanHch HcTOpHecKia ycx0Bia As BOSHHKHO- 
BeHif TOTO HallpaBxreHis uxocopix, KOTOPoe MpPHHATO HaShIBaTb 9M- 
Iupi0-KpHTHHSMOMB H KOTOPOe CBA8AHO Cb HMeHAMH P. ABeHapiyca, 9. 
Maxa 4 Jpyruxn. Pnazocoia oTa HCXOAHTS 48% OMMNPHUeCEOH TOURM 
BpbHid HW CTPCMATCA HCHOALZOBATL OMINAPHUECKIH MeTONS HSCHBAOBAHLA. 
Cs mpyroft cropoHH, oHa OTpunaeTs Bcakifi JOrMaTasMbh HW CTPeMATCSE 
KPHTHYCCEH NpoBbpuTb Bc’ Hama oOmia noHATia, Jame Th, ROTOPEA 
CUBTAINCh HayROH Hu uxocopiell caMHIMH CYMeCTBeRRHMH HM HeOCHO- 
pumiimn. [loarH o,HOBpeMeHHO Cb OTHMS HOBHIME Haupableniest hw 
XOCOMiH MH BHAHM'S H BY CCTECTBEHHHIXS HAYKAX} ASBBCTHHH NOBOPOTS, 
OTb CTAPHX', crbraBMAXxca OeslAOIHHMH, BSTIALOBb Kb HOBHM'S. Ho- 
BHA H8CIbAOBaHIiA H HOBLIC HakTH, FOOuTHWe HusuKow u xamieft, He 
BCeT{a YRAATHBAIHCh YIOOHO BL paMRA cTapHxs Teopifi uw TpeboBaNz 
pactigpenia H fame nomHaro HSM’bHeHIA oTHX® Teopift. LLospaxz0ch co - 
ME'BHi€ BH UPABHAbHOCTH TeOPeTHYCCKUXDE UPEAMOCHAORS HayEH. Ha — 


KPHTHEA HAYUYBLIXS fonaTif. 51 


Yazacb YCHICHHAA EPHTHUeCKAaA MpOBbpka HAYIHHXS HoOHATI#. Oco- 
6@HHO CHIbHHMS TOXUKOMD BL STOM Hallpablenia ONXAO NosBseHIe 
HOBO veopiu ®HSAKH H XUMIH, & HMOHHO, BMBCTO ATOMHCTHYECKO-MC- 
xanayecko# teopia sHeprerHyecko#. Crax0 ACHHIM’S, ITO HayaHoe Mipo- 
posspbuie # dartayeckift MaTepiarb HaykH—ABS BeMA pasaHoAHs. 
Bs TO BpeMas, EAKL HepRoe MOKeTA MBHATBCA, BTOpOH oOcTaeTcA n0- 
CTrosHHnM®S. KpnaTHka HayYHHIxt MOHsaTI AaxekO ele He SakonteHa 
BH HacTosilee BPeNA, OH& CBA8aHa Cb HMeHaMH Poincaré, Duhéme, 
Maxa # APYTHXh, CO31aBMHXb HOBOe HalpaBseHie BL HayEB NOAD 
HMCHOM, HaYNHa20 NOsUMUEUZ.MA. 

Hsexbaosania Haydsaro NOSHTHBH8Ma H SMMHDIO-EPHTHIMSMA IPH- 
BOXH Kb TOMY BSTASXy, ITO HAYKA CAHINKOME NOCUBMHO paslbsausza 
yexonbieckil ONT Ha BHYTpeHHift a BabmAifi, cy6terTHBHHH H O6- 
egTHBAHIH (J. Kodis. Rzecrywistosé i jej naukowe pojecie. Przegl. fil. 
1902). Ilposbpxa AaHHHXt, Ha KOTOPHXb OCHOBaHO STO pasxbaeuie, 
NOKkasaia, ITO HBT BHKAKHX'’S OCHOBAHIA Ja OTPHNaHia Mipa Hamero 
HenocpesxCTBeHHaro OUNTa. HanpoTHBs Toro, Mipb sTOTh ABAAeTCH 
CAHACTBCHHOH AXA HACh POAIbHOCTLW H HAYES Bb STOM OTHOMEHIH 
HHYCIO HO MOMCTS HSMBHRTb. POAL HAYKH CBOXHTCA HCKAWMIHTOLBAV 
Kb OTEPHTID HOBHXD (akTOBb, UpexBHASHIN Oyxzymaro u cosfani 
AAG HAaCh BOSMOMHOCTH Ooxbe Zerkaro A yAOOHarO opieHTapoBania BD 
Oxpyxabilew, Hach Mipb, HO HHKAKS He Kb HOBOMY TOAKOBAHilO JaH- 
HHXS HONOCpexCTBCHHOH AbiicTBHTexbHOCTH. OTcWAa u RHIpOCIO Ha- 
YAHO-MeTOROAOrHYECKOe TpedoBanic, PopmyAnpoBaHHoe yae AaBHO ]‘ypx- 
TodOM’,—ONHCHBaTh, 2 HE OGbACHATE aBbIeHia. Miph pdesbitut ato 1 
CCTh TO, 4TO MH HOSH2CMB HeOCpeACTBEHHO Hall#MH OUTyMeHiann, 
TO, 4TO MH BEXHMD, CAHIIHMS, OMYMACub HT. X., OXHHMS CAOBOME, 
HOxHHH #H USAbHMIH yYeAOBbyecki#t onnITS. BR coslanin sToro onnta 
COYIRCTBYOTE Camb YeLOBHKD HapaBHB cb okpyRawimeH ero cpenoit. 
Kamjad BOmb H Kaxloe ABleHie HalleTO ONHITA COCTaBISeTA Ipo- 
AYETD ABYXb PAKTOPOBL: HACh CaMuXB (GexAOBhEA) H OKPyRaNMeh 
cpegu. Ip anaimsh (anHHXx’ Hallero ONHTAa HeIb3H HCRIWIUTb HH 


OXHOTO H&b 9THXS PaxTopess. Ilepezo mHot xexUuTE posa. Al paszan- 


"aw Epachul UBBTE e@f, BOAHWHHY, THxecTh uw dhopmy. [Ipu ana- 
SHSB KARAATO HSb OTHXL KAYCCTBD HOAZA YIYCTHTD S8ABHCHMOCTH OTL 
HaGspAawWMaro wexoBbEa. Heabaa yTBepmpaTb, ITO OBBTS posh 3aBA- 
CBTb OTD yeTpolicTBa yeAOBb ecKaro ria3a Hu ero HepBHolt caCTeMH, 
@ BeIHWHHA, BBCh H POpMa He BaBHCATE OT OprakHsMa YeJOBbEa, 
UTO HOSTOMY TIe€PBHA kayecTBa CYOBCKTABHH, & BTIOPHA 06%- 
€KTHBHH. HalpoTapb TOro, H 9TH HOCIBIHIiA KayYeCTBa 3aBHCATh OTL 
YWeXOBBES, KAKL H NepBHa. Tpe6osaTs, ITOOH posa ocTaBalach kpac- 
Hof 6e8% yYeXOBhyeckaro rxasza, KOTOPHH ee BHAHTS KpacHolt, sHaqHTS 
Tpe6osatb, ITOOH .AAHHOG ABACHIC—ONHITE posh —ocymecTBHACa 6e3t 
BCBXE HCOOXOMAMHIXE AH oTOTO ABAeHiA ycaoBif. Takme a mMexaHH- 
YOCKIA KAYCCTBA POSKI—OA BeIHIHHA H TAKECTA—He MOFyTS OHTh pe- 
AABHOCTEND, GCIN OHH HHKOTAa HE ABIAWTCA YEIOBBGECKHMD ODHTOM. 
4* 


~~ 


ae 


52 Hm KRORAC b. 


Bp oOOHXb CAYGAHX ONHHAKOBO HeOGxXoAuMO coy4yacTie OpraHHsMa H 
cpequ. Sadsymfenie MexanHueckaro MipoBosspbHia H COCTORTS Bb 
TOM, 4TO OHO YIYCKACTh H3b BUY STY SABACHMOCT6 Bb MEXAHHYC- 
CKHX KAYCCTBAXS H PAasCMATPHBACTS AX, RAE HBITO OOBEKTHBHVE. 
My He 6yeM CNOPHTS O TOM, ITO MERAY NOPBHMH H BTOPHMH Ka- 
YOCTBaMH @CTb HSBBCTHAA pasHHuna. JbrcHie UPHSHAKOBS Ha TepBHy- 
HH H BTOPHYBHG MH HaxO2HMB yao y lazuxes. JOKED pasBuXd STO b- 
aenie eme nogpo6mrbe. Ono yxepRasx0ck BIAOTS AO HanTa. Ono aw'beTh 
H8BBCTHOG OCHOBAHIe, HO COBeEPMIeCHHO Apyroe, ThMb OOBCKETHBHOCTS H 
CYOLCETHBHOCTh, PCAIbHOCTh H HALAWZOPHOCTA. Oco6oe sHaveHie mpo- 
CTPAHCTBCHHHIXS H MOX@HHYCCRAXS OPHSHAKOBS JAA Hallero N0sHaHig 
SaBHCHTb, MCKAY NPOIRMS, OTH TOTO, YTO BCA Halla cosHaTeIbHad KbA- 
TOIBHOCTL, EPOM'S MHICIH, CCT MOXAHHVCCKAR H CBASAHA CB ABHSeE- 
Hiemt. [locrpoHTb kakoe 2H60 sBAeHic 48> MOXAHHYCCKHXS IPHSHA- 
KOBb—AH HACh SHA4HTS MOCTABETb 8TO ABNCHIC Bb WapartAelb Cb 
HallHMH COOCTBCHHHIMH AbicTBiaMH, KOTOPHA JI HAaCh DOHATHH 
acHH. IlosTomy, @T06H yacHHTL ce6b kakoe-1H60 saBAeHIC, MHI CTAa- 
paemca cosqaTb ceOb MeXaHHYeCKYW aHalOriW, H TAKEN OO6pasoMb 
ESE Ob! UPOWbAaTh MBICXCHHO eTO ABACHIC, a Taub, Ib MH He MO- 
CML MPOBCCTH OTY AHAXOTIN, ABACHI€ HaMb KARCTCA HOMOHATHHM'S. 
Ho rbmb He MeHe BTO CBOHCTBO MOXAHHYCCRAXS ABACHIM HAYETO 06- 
Maro Cb OOBCKRTHBHOCTLW HAH CYOLOKTHBHOCThD HE HMBETS H BD OT- 
HOMeCHIH H@Wlero NOsHaHia 06a posa KayecTBb, LepBHIHHA H BIOpHY- 
Holi, JOXKHR CTOATh H& OAHOMD YPOBH'B, HOO OHH ONHHAKOBO 3aBH- 
CATS, RAK OpraHHsMa, TAKS H OT CpefH, EaK 9TO yKe yEa- 
saib Kanth. Bb OBAbHOMS HalleMs OUKITS MexauAyeckia H He-Mexa- 
HHWeCKIA CTOPOHH COcyMecTsyMTb. OOS oTH CTOPOHH, BEATHSA OTABAbHO, 
He CYTb ABICHIA Ne€PBAYBHA, & Pe3YALTATb AHAAHTHICCEOR MBCA, 
aOcTpagTHbia NoHnATia. Hakb EpacHHit OBBTS posh, TAR H CA BHC, 
BOAHUHHA H POPMA COCTABARWTE OHO BAG HA TOABKO UPH DOMOMA 
aOcTPAENiH MH OTA'BARCMS KAKIOC HSb TAX KAYCCTB, EARS HSITO 
camocToaTeabHoe. Ch MmexaHHeckoH TOUR spbHia raaBHo# sala- 
yeti d@uxocodig eTaBHx0Ccb: OOBACHHTh, KAR HSb MOXAHAYECKAXE H 
MaTepialbHHXt ABAeHIM MpPOHCXOAATS ABACHIA KAYCCTBEHHHA, ICHXH- 
"eCKif#, KAaKb H3b MCXAHHUCCEHXS H MATePiaAbHHXb PakTOPOBS BL- 
PoTAaWTS cTOIb OoraTHa aBxeHia yexXOBbyeckaro cosHaHia. Teuepp 
eTa sagaia H8MBHHAaCh BS CABLYOMYH: RAK 48h WHALHALO YAOBS- 
yeCkarO ONHTA OOpasyNTCH AHBHA AHAXHTHYCCKIA NOHATIA, RAK MA- 
Tepid, M@XaAuKa, MCHxXHKa HT. J. (Riehl. Der Philosophische Kriti- 
cismus). 

LloscHHM® eTY TOUKY spbHid Ha Upambpb cBBTOBHIXD ABIC- 
wif. Bb oxpyxanmei Hach cpexb MH uMbemsb cBbTamieca a OCBBb- 
MeHHHe npezMeTH. pu nomoma aGcTpakuia MH MOXOMb YCTPaHETb 
BL HalleMb yMB BCB APYTif CTOPOHH OTHXS NpeAMeTOBL HM pascMa- 
TPHBaTh XH OMY OTY CTOPOHY, Kacawmynca ocBbmexnia. Uscrbjya 
ec, MH 3aMbiaeM, 4TO OCBbMeHie UPeAMETOBS MepesacTca He MOMER- 





KPHTHEKA HAYYHHIX’S D0HATIB. 58 


TAaIbHO, & “Yepesb HBBBCTHOe BpeMa. Jasbule sawbyaems oTpaxenie 
ocBBIeHiA, HATepepeanin, Nosspusanin, wpexzomzenie H T. A. Mexag 
Bch STH (PARTH CBABATE BS OHO Wbx0C BH OOBACHHTL Ce6b HX, MH 
ONaTh adcTparupyeM OTh BHXS BCH KAYECTBA, A OCTABAACM TOABEO 
OfHO, &@ HMCHHO, KACaWMleecd ABHMCHIA HAH MCXAHHIECKYW CTOPOHY 
sTHXE abseHif. O6bachsemt MN ce6B oTH sBIeHI, NpPHHAMAR 
BomHOOOpasHoe BuxeHie Ger0-TO Bb mpocrpancTssb. Tarb kakb 
MH HE MOROMS IpeAcTaBuTh ce6b MexaHHeckaro BOsrbiicTsia 4- 
pesb yCTO@ MpocrpaHcTBO, TO H IPHHAMAaeMb, ITO BCe po- 
CTIpPaHCTBO Me€H{Y HCTOWHHEOMDE CBSTa #H OCBBIICHHHMS IpeqMe- 
TOME HANOXHCHO HOBBCOMEIME BeMeCCTBOMb—SPupOMD. AHAIBSHDPYA 
sTOTS PSA HAWETO HBCTBAOBAHIA, MH JOIMHNH OTAHYATL, Cb OHOH 
CTOPOHH, PaxkTHyeckiad ASHEHA, Ch Apyro cTOPOHH, TeopeTHyeckoe 
o6nacHeHie uxt. PakTHueckian AAaHHHIA OCTANTCA BCeraa HeHSM'bH- 
Huan. Teoperuieckia xe coo6pameHia MOFyYTS ONITh AORHHMH, TAKS 
KARE OHH He NOATBCPRICHH SMIHPHICCKA HANIAMH OMyMeHiaMa, a 
ABIAWTCA XSIME POSYALTATOME HAMAX YMOSAEANYeHI, KOTOPHS MO- 
TTS OHTS BCOTAA OUIMOOUHHIMH, MOKA OHH He IpOBBpeHH oMIHDPH- 
secka. Ho ecuH AONYcTHTS, 4TO Teopid Hama BBpHAa A OTBBAeTD 
KBACTBHTCALHOCTH, TO H TOTNa OHA OTEPHBACTh HAaMb OXHY CcTOPOHY 
apenifi H HHEAKEMS OOpasoOMh He MOKCT 8aMBHATh HOMB OCTAAb- 
HHYb. KpomB eto MexaHHaeckO# CTOPOHH, cBsa8aHHOH Cb ABARO- 
Hiewb, KOTOPYN MH BHYBIBAH ASS WHALHATO ABIOHIA, IPH TOMONLE 
aOcTpaknin, CCTL elle Apyrid, 2 HMCHHO BCB KA4eCTBCHHHA ABACHIg, 
HaSHBaeMhld OMYMeHiaMH CBBTa, OTH NOCcrBAHIA CTOPOHH! BAKEH Ais 
Hach Take, ecaH He OoAbMe, kakb H MexaHHueckia. Harb mexanH- 
YECKAH, TAKb H H@-MOXAHHYCCKAT CTOPOHA Bb OMHASKOBOM cTeleHE 
CyYOBERTHBHH H OOBECKTHBHH, HOO OHHAROBO SABHCATb Kak OTS Ha- 
6OABwMAarO «<A>, TAKE H OTS OkpyHawilel ero cpeyH. CabyzoBa- 
TCABHO, HBTS HHEAKOFO OCHOBAHIA PasCMATPHBATh CBBTOBHIA ABIeHis, 
KSK® peAIbHOCTH TOIbEO MOCKOIBEY OHS MOXAHHIHH, APYTYO Ke 
eTOPOHY CUHTATE He OOAbIIC, KAakb HIINsIeL. 

Ho, Kakb ONTb, CRAKCTH YHTATeIb, Ch paslomeniems Obxzaro 
nBSTA Ha CeMb UBSTOBS pagyru. He yRashBaeTb AM TYTb OkCDEpH- 
weuTs \Ha cymecTsoBanie uno, cepuToH mbiicrsatezbHocTa, abu. 
Halla welocpescrsesHaa? Bosce abrs. Ecan Obani UBT # AB- 
AMCTCH PCSYALTATOMD CMBICHIA ABYXS KOMMACMCHTAPHHXS UBBTOBD, 
TO STO HHKOHME O6pasoMb HO TOBOPATS O HepeaIbHOcTH Obrzaro oBbTa 
O6a 8TH ABACHIA OMHHAKOBO peaIbAH H ABTS NPHYAHS CIATAT OJHO 
H3b HHXD MeH'Be FSACTBATCADHLIMD, YM Apyroe. I[pusma asMbaReTS 
Gbanrh xyab cBbTa Ha COMb APYTHXb. IJTO SHAYHTS AHWb TO, 4TO, 
BBOAS HOBOe ycuoBie (T. ©. IPHSMY) Bb HANTb ONNITS, ME 8aNBHAeCMS 
EePBHYBHA OUTS ApyramMs. HoneqHo, ME He OTPHaem'’b, TO HeO- 
CP@ACTRCHHOC Ollymenie MOmeTS OHITh Bb HSBBCTHOMB CMEICIB BS 
ESEKOTOPHES yeXOBISXS HASBaHO OMHOOUHHMS. Kamzoe Halle oMmy- 
MOBIC MONTES ONTD RHOTIA OOMAHUABHIMS, T. ©. BMBBAHO pasA“y- 





54 mx RSOARHC Sb. 


HHMH SBACHIAMB, AIM HeETO HO Cllequd@awhen. Hanpawsps, Ob1ag 
cThHa 0% BaigHioMh UPHHATarO 8&2 MOMCTS HAMS [MOKAsATECs 
merTOH. Ho OTS STOTO CMe ‘MaxeKO AO HCH, ITO BCE BEAHMOE CCT 
uzapsia. Bt Hamiew ONHTS MH HHEKOr§a MOUTH He MoLaraeMcaA Ha 
OXHO OMlymeHie, a NOABepraeMS eFO KROHTPOAW APYTOTO HAH APYTHXb 
omymenift. Kpomb Toro Halrh HHISBHYaabHHR OUTS MH KORTpO- 
AHPYOMD OPH WOMOMM ODNTA APYTHXB spseh H TOKHMb OOpasOMS 
Hoxyiaem ycTo#anBoe MOHATIe€ OTHOCHTCAbHO «peabHOCTH> HH 
«HEINSOPHOCTH> HAalIHXS Olymeniit. 

OxHOH HS TAKMXE EAACCHICCKAXS ONIHOORE HAMHXE OMmyRenifi 
SABAHOTCA BAJHMOC BPaMleHie €OAHNA BOKPYTS 3omaH. Ho H oTy OMM6RY 
MH HCUPABAAEMD IPH NOMONIH OHTA, ECAH H BE CBOETO, TO OMHTAa APy- 
AHX® A10AeH—acTpoHomoBD. Ilpexcrapams ce6b, ITO Bb UPOCTPARCTBB 
MH HMBOMD ABA THAA, ABHRYWIACA ONHO OKOAO APyTOrO, WH ITO HAKAKOTO 
Tpetbaro Thxa Hhrb. Torya, KOHEWHO, HBTS HHEAKOM BOSMORHOCTH 
CEA8aTb, KOTOPOe 43% ABYXE THIEL BpalkacTcaA BOKPYTS Apyroro. 

Kage past Taxoi cayyaii Mil HMSOMD 14a OOHKHOBEHHALO Hab La- 
TeLd CS seMAeH u HeOeCHLIMS CBOAOMS. Iloka y Hach HATS HHKAa- 
KOO APYTOTO ONNTa H MH BHIHMS JD SeMIN H HEOO Cb COXHICMDS H 
SBbaqaMH, AO ThXb HOPS HAMS CCTECTBCHHO UPHHHMATL, YTO CBOX> 
HeGecHHM JBHRCTCA BOKPY'b semazx. YcxoBiad Hallero OHTA uBsM'b- 
HSWTCK, KOIA@ STOTA HeOecHHH CBOXb epecTaeTh ONT AIA HACh 
TWAOCKOCTEN, & BCABACTBIC THIATCABHATO HAOAIWACHIA ABHMCHIA OTABAb- 
HHX®S seb3ib, BCXBACTBIC HSMBpeHian BOAHTHHH HXS A pascrosHig 
OTh SCMIH IIpeBPaMacTcH BL OFPOMHOC MPOCTPaHCTBO,—TOr”a HALlrb 
ONKITE” pacIiHpseTca H MH MOAYWAeMS HOBNA TOUKH ONOPH Bb Ipo- 
CTP@aHCTBB JAG UPSBAAbHOM OMBEEH COOTHOMCHIA SeMIH H COHIIA. 


Il. 


Cb TOUKH spbHia Teopiw NosHabia Bech MIPS paciagaerca Ha ABA 
poya sBxenili: Kb DepBOMY pOAY UpPaHasAemaTh BENE, KO BIOPOMy— 
McCdH. Huyero cpequaro HAH TPOTBSTO BS Mipb HSS. Kakb Bella, 
Tab H MHCEH ABAAWTCA, KOHCGHO, BS AXS KaeCTBeEHHOH oKpAces, 
HO KaYeCTBA STH HUKOTA& HE CYDICCTBYHTb CaMOCTOMTCbHO, & JAIIb 
Bb CBA8H Cb BOMaMH HEH MHICASMH. UisBbcTHAag YacTh HAaMHX) MBI- 
cle uMBeTS COOTBBTCTBYwMie OOBERTH cpexu Belle: TO MHICEOHHOe 
BOCUPOHSBeAeHIe STHXD BeMle,—HaNpAMbpb, «MOH AOMD>. J pyrad ue 
YacTh HallHXS MHCXeH He HMBeTh COOTBSICTByHMUxb el seme: 
8TO HallH NOHATIS, HAalpHMbps, «70m» Boobme. Onn o6pasywrca, 
kaKb MH YBAJHMS 9TO HEC, pA NOMOMA OTBXeYeHiA OTS semeki 
H8BRCTHHX KavectBb H HX OTHOMeHi#. Kopexnums sadsymenion 
YeXOBByeCKarO NOsHAHia OHAO BO BC@ BPOMA CYMeCTBOBAHIA weI0BB— 
yecTBa CTpeMAZcHie UPHAaTh BCAMS HALIM MHICIAML BeIMeCTBCHHELE 
XapagTepd, T. @. GOSMaTh A Ed HAMHXE DOKATIA cooTEbrcTsypiie 





KPHTHEKA HAYGENXD NORATIN. 55 


oObeKTH cpeyH seme. Bb eTOMb CTPeMACHIH H ACKHTb, KARL TO 
yee AABHO 38MBTHAH NOSHTABHCTH, TAABHHH HCTOURHED MeTAPHSAKE. 
JIpH NOMOMH STOO <METOXA» We1OBBED HAceAHID HEGO H SeMAN MH- 
QHICCKHMH CYMOCTBAMA, Cb OAHOM CTOPOHH, Cb APyroH—ont YABONIb 
BUAHMH Mwipb, KARb BHYTPCHHI# Hu BHbmuif, OODeEETS u cyObeRTS, 
ICHXHGecKi® oH ®usHyeckifi oT. A. A BB camoMb XBYb, past MH 
uxbems nepexs co6o# usBBcTHH UpemMeTh, a, cb Apyroi cTOpoHnH, 
cOCTaBHMS ceOB wsBBCTHOG NOHATIC OTHOCHTGABHO S8TOTO UpexMeTa, 
HanpEMbps, cyOcranmim ero, H CCAH OOOHME IPHAaANMD BEILECTBCE- 
HHH xapakTeph, TO, NOHATHO, HAM UPHACTCA NOMBCTHTS OBY Be, 
Bb APYTyYW 4, TAKHMDS OOPasOM, YABOHTS OMNHDL BHAUSMEIA NpeLMers. 
Utws Heme ME OyseMs cIYCKATLCA D0 CTYHeHAME FAOBBICCKOH KyAb- 
TYPH, TWh Mpolle BHCTyNAeTh DepeXb HAMH 9Ta ABOHCTBEHHOCTS, 
H HaOGOporh, Cb PasBATioMb KYALTYPH, AYAIBSNb UpPWHAMAETS Oorbe 
JTOHYCHHHA POPMH H, HAKOHEIS, NOX BAiswiomt axocomcnoh xpz- 
THEH Bb HBROTOPHXS OOzacTAXh Hamero. sHabiag OCTeNeHHO HCYe- 
3aeTb. KyxbTypa Hamel o0XH CTOHTA eme Ha NOXb-JOpors ororo 
npomecca #CHaro H CO8HaTedbHaro pasybieHid Bb HalleMb ywb 
BemeH Orb micHeH#. IlosTromy Halla COBpeMe@HHAaS MHICEb ee Bb 
CHUBHOM CTeleHH NPOHHEHYTa MeTapasHEOH. Hama nonaTig, Kakb 
HayTHHS, TAKS H OOHACHANA, CIAOMb A PAKOML HOCATS OSTOTh Me- 
Tapusnueckifi xapakrepb HHAMBHAyaxbHaro OnTia. O6mia Hay THHA 
NOHATIA, KAKb, HAUPHMSPb, MOHATIC CHAN, MATepiH, MACCHI, oHeprix, 
KEACCa, BHAQ H T. J. CTAHOBSTCA Jame BOMAaMH BHICMAaro MOpAAEA 10 
CPOBHEHIW Cb BellaMH Hallero onuTa. Taxofi, HalpHMbp>, kpyoHHtt 
yIeHHA, kakb OcTBazbXb, NOHHMACTL SHUpriW, Ea HBITO cy6cTau- 
WiOHAXBHOC,—KAaKb BOllb, HO TOADKO BOMlb BLICMArO NopasKa. 

BclcMauMh Jaabiie, KAKYD POxb HTpasO ROHAYIHOS NoHATie CHAR 
Bb ®a3HEB. ITO OHAO YTO-TO TAHHCTBCHHOe, MACTHYCCECC, NOXomee HA 
TO 4YBCTBO, KOTOPOG HCONTHBACTS YAOBBED UpH UpeoxorbBawis u- 
SHICCKEXE IpeuATcTBia. ITO OHI KARL Ob PHIATb, ABARYMIA Bech 
mips. Bxaarogapa curb, wwepTHad MatTepia copepmaeT GeskoHe By 
aBomnHin. Ha oroms WoHsTIA CHAN DOROHIOCh MHOTO MeTAapHsH4eCRE- 
@HACCOPCKAXS BOsspbHIt H AAKE TEOXOHICCKHXD HAlORTS, OKA, Ha- 
KOHWeINb, HAYIHAA EPHTHKA HO OCBOOOAHAS STO NOHATIC OTS UpACyMaro 
eMy AHTPOTOMOphusMa H HE CBexa ero KB Npocro# opmyxs, Bypa- 
xawimjel oTHOmeHie MaCCH H ycCKOpeHia. 

Oanyersopenie 218 ruftoctasHpoBanie o6muxt nosarTilt Berpbuaerca 
BO BCBXS HayEkaxs. Takh, Bb PuSHES uw XHMiH MH UMBeME AIO CB 
waTepie#, Maccoll, oHeprie, Kakb Cb CAaMOCTOATCALHHIMS OnITICW®, 
POACTBCHHHME OLOBBICCEHMS CYOLCETHBHHIME KAeCTBaMS. Bo BcbYS 
STHXE CAYYAAXS NOHATIA 9TH MOAVIAWTE CaMOCTOATeAbHVe cCymMe- 
CTBOBAHIC, KOTOPOC KAKD OH CBA388HO M@XAHHYCCKEH Ch BemamMH HADIELO 
OHTA. Takb, MEI TOBOPHMS, ITO BCH IpeAMeTH MaTepiazbHHl, 4TO OHA 
NOXBOPIHyTH WhAcTBIW dHEprin HT. X. To Ke camoe MH HMbeMD BE Oi- 
OLOFiH Bb NOHATIB BHAA, & BL UCHXOXOTIH Bb NOHATIH COsHaHIA HT. J. 


56 of x KOH € SB. 


Tionatie Baa, eOpasonaBiieeca Bb WBAAXD [pyMUNPOBEA KABMXD Cy- 
MeCcTBb MO CXOACTBY HXb kaxecTsh, Upiobpbraers, BorbactBie He-EpB- 
THUCCEATO ynoTpedseHia CTO BS HayK, 3HayeHie Yero-To cyMecTBYWMaro 
CAMOCTOATCIBHO, HHJHBHAyaIbHoO. «BL wHTepecaxb BAA IpApora UpE- 
ObraeTh. Kb TAKOMY-TO CHOCOOy ONAOOTBOpeHIA», TOBOPATE 300A0FS, 
yOorpe6isd MOHSTie «BHa» Bb MeTAPHSHICCKOM, DAATOHOBCKOMS 
emnicrb. TakaMb xe O0Opa30Mb OepHpyWTh A Cb NOHATIOND IpE- 
pon. <IIpuposa», «<BHyb>, 98TO TB K€ WAATOHOBCKIA Hex. To xe 
caMOe MOHHO CKa8aTb H 10 OTHOMeHIN Eb «COSHAaHiW» Bb MCHXOAOTIZ. 
Bb NOHATIH BTOMb S8AaRINYACTCH MOUTH BCe, ITO PaHble BEIOIAIN 
Bb DoHATie aAymA. Iicuxox0rb roBOpHTb 0 HEM, KAR O YeM'b-TO 
WhIbHOM', CAMOCTOATCABHOM’, BHYTPCHHEM’, 0 YEM'-TO, IT@ COCTMHEHO 
Ch MaTepiaIbHHMb O4ITBDOMS H MOCTE OLITh PasbeIHHeHO Cb HHMB. 
Kano yeroBbyecki#t OpraknsMb ABAACTCH BS STOMB CAYIAB He TA- 
KEM CJHHHIME H DBIbEHMS OITIOMS, KARHMS MH CLO HAaXOJHMS BY 
HAaWeMS ONHTS, & BCKYCCTBCHAHMS CIBIKOM H3b ABYXb Yactelt, co- 
BepMeHHO PaSHOPOAHHIXb H HeCOMSM'BPAMEIX': MaTepiaxbHOH wm ICH- 
xwyeckon. 

TakHM® Ke FH0cTasHpOBAHHM'S NOHATICM'’S, ATpaWUlAM’s GoALMyW 
poOwb EARS Bb Hayes, TARD H Bb OOHJCHHOH RASHH, ABARETCA WOHATIC 
NPHIKAHOCTH. Hakb HSBBCTHO, OMHUMS H3b HCTOYHHROBDS STOLO NOHS- 
Tia CAYHHTD NonaTie cyOctannin. [ostomy upHIaHY MOHHMANTD TaEKe 
KAR @ETHBHY}O CyOcTabDiW, Kakb KakoH-TO BHYTPeHHIA ABHTAaTedb AB- 
xenift. HayaHas KpHTHRa UpHAaerh TOMY MOHATIW ropasyz0 Oorbe ckpom- 
woe sHavenic. I pxyanBocTh o6osHaiaers B1'bcb TOADKO HEOOXOEMYH I10- 
cABAOBATCABHY!O CBASb ABYXb ABIeHI («Die Notwendigkeit der Aufei- 
nanderfolge zweier Erscheinungen». Kant). Bt TOWHX'’ Ke HaykaXd Bb 
HACTOSDee BPOMA NOHATIC IPHIHHHOCTH YCTpaHAeCTCA COBCbMS H 8a- 
mbusetca Oo0abe TOWHMS DOHATIONE DYHEDIOHAIBHO SaBHCHMOCTH. 
(J. Kodis. W sprawie eliminacji metody przyczynowej. Przegl. fil. 1907). 
[pu UpexHeMt NOHHMAHIA IPHYHHHOCTH IpH4HHA COXpaHAlach H 8Aa- 
KIVaAIACh BS CABACTBIN. He HYHHO OW0 OTEDEITS, YTOOH ABIEHIC CIHTA- 
XOCh O6bACHeHEHM’S. BosbMemb, HANpuM bps, cayiait HarpbBauia xerbsa 
IpH yzaph 0 HEME MOLOTOMS. YJapb MONOTA, TOBOPATS, ABIAeETCA 
pH HHO HarpbBavia xex'bsa. Ho kags oto oObsCHHTS CeOb? Kakuws 
o6pa30Mb yap MponsBOLUTS TenAOTY? Hakad BHYTPCHHAR CBASb MERAY 
yuapomb wu TenzoTo#? WM BoTB MH HIeMb Bb CABACTBIM,—TeLAOTS 
Kexbsa,—UpexHWW UpHIaHy,—ABHReHie MOOTAa,—H HaXOJaMb Ce Bb 
THNOTCTHYCCKOMS JBUKCHIH MOACKYAS KeM8a, KOTOPOS CIHTAeMS Te- 
nzoTo#. SApaenie craHoBuTca OObACHeHHNMS. J'bx0 npescTaBaseTca 
HHaYe, CCIH MH WOJ0HeMb KE OSTOMY ABICHIW UHCTO ONMCATCILHHME 
nytemb. Ilocab yaapa nosyqaetca renazota. J Bumenie MoA0Ta Ipe- 
KPaTHAOCh H NOABALOCh HarpbBanie xexbsa. Bubctro ackania UpHIAHEE, 
MH KOHCTATHPYCMb JHDIb (YHEUIOHAABHYHM CBSE ylapa H TeMAVTEX 
H CTapaeMCd BHPABHTb 8TO KOABYECTBEHHO BE chopMyxb (HK. Mach. 
Principien der W4rmelehre). To xe scrpbuaetca Bb xuMin. Ecau ore 





> oS ae 





KPHTHKa HAYTRMXS NOHATIC. - 57 


BSAHMONBACTBIA JBYXb XHMHYECKHXE THAb MOLYIASTCH TpeTbe, TO 
OOHEKHOBEHHO IpesnoxaraetTca aibybimee cymecTBoBanie Bb CKDPH- 
TOME BEB Bb HOBOME ThIB ABYXb MPeCKHAXS, ITO H BUpARaerTcas 
XBMHUeCKOR opmyx0#, o6osnayanmme cocrass Thaa. OwepHyHo, u 
TYTE UPHIHHA UpeAMOAaraeTcs CYMECTBYHMeHk JarbMle Bb HOBOMD ThA. 
Takas Xe MeTAa@H8HKAa KpOeTCA H Bb NOHATIH PasBATiA H 9BOAD- 
min. Bs acTOpiq AaHHarO HHIHBHa MEI BHAHMS OOHKHOBCHHO HB- 
4TO MOCTOMHHOG, TIYOOKO CKPHTOC DOA H3MbHAWMLUMCA MOPoOsOTHIC- 
CKHMS NOKPOBOME A AHDIb Ha BHCMeH TOURB cBoerd pasBATiA OTKPH- 
BawWMleecs, KAKb COBCPICHHNA OpranasM’. BosbMeu'b, KAR IpPUMBbps, 
pasBuTie 2aryukH. Bb navyarb MW AMBeM> ONAONOTBOPeHHOe AsO, 8a- 
TBM MOPy4a, TAaCTPyia, TOAOBACTHEA Cb HAaPYHHEIMH KaOpamH, ro10- 
BACTHES XBOCTaTaro OeSb HapyYRHHIXE abph, UpeBpaMlawmaroca, Ha- 
KOHEIS, BE MAXCHBRYW AAryuiky. Bo BCBXb oTHXS azaxb MH BALHMS 
KakB 6H WOSAHBAMYH ASTYMEKY Bb CEPHTOMS HIA DOTeHIaIbHOMS 
COCTOSHIH, ITO-TO Bb pow’b weH ASTYMIEH HAH AyMH, crapametica 
KaxkWHH pasb cOpocHTb cb ceO6a BpeMCHHHIM NOKPOBh A «pasBHTbCa» 
Bb HACTOSMyH AJsrymMky. OuOpiororia AoAroe BPeOMA CTaparach BALBTS 
Bb 8apOAWIIS Bspocani OpraHA3Mb, HO TOIBEO BeCbM& M@JHIX'’b, MHE- 
POCKONHYeCKHXE pasmbposs (epigenesis). Ty xe, Bb CYMHOCTH, HXEN 
BCTPBIaeM. MH Y JapBana, KOrda OH CTapaeTca YACHHTb CeOB Hacrby- 
CTBCHHOCTL, NpelNosarag, ITO Bh sapOAHMHOw RIBTES HaxosaTca BCS 
cBOHcTBa JaHHarO HHAMBHAa, SaKIYCHHHA Bb OTLBALHHIA MaTepiaxb- 
HHA YacTHOL (pangenesis). To Re MH BHAHMS H Bb Teopik Beticmana, 
Ae Ppoca # Apyraxs. Besrb nporas{HBaers Ta Ke MeTAPHSHIeCKad Blo 
cofepRakis Bb HACTOADICMD OprakHsMs OyAyMaro, Bb CKPHTOMD BETS. 
Bx oco6eHHocTH Hed 8Ta ACHO UpelcTaBIAeTCA Bb pPasBATIH YAOBEA. 
Ch camaro sagaTif MHI BHAUMb Bb HOM He TO, ITO eCTb, & HBITO 
Apyroe, 4TO NOABHTCA COBpeMeHeEM. | 
Henpexy6baqeHonf BSsrTiscb, cBOOOTHHH OTL MeTA*HSHYCCREXS 
BIAHIA, BHAHTS BL KAaRIOH CTaMiH «PasBUTiA> CAMOCTOATEABHOG Cy- 
MecTBO, KHByMee camo 10 ce6b, Oesb BcAKarO OTHOMIeHia KB Oyzy- 
MeMy HIH UpomexmMemy, OOHKHOBEHHO XOpPOMIO UpAcnocobxzeHHOe EB 
epoes# cpexb. OHO TARb He ABTOHOMHO H HHABBALYAIBHO, RAK A «pas- 
BHTOe> cymecTBO. Hamzaa ero HOBad (asa ABAMSeTCH, RAKD BOMBHE- 
Hie HacTosmefi, Bcrbactsie Bosrbitcrsifi cpeqH H peakiin opranasma 
H& 8TH BOSXBicTBia, NOACOHO TOMY, KAKb H3b BOM AblacTcH sels 
HAH apt 00x Baisniemb BHBITHUXD ycr0Rih. Bb o6onxt caAyqaaxs 
HBTS pasBATIA YeLO-TO CTapaTeXbHO CKPHTarO OT Hach, & ADI 
HaMBHeHIe BHAAMATO OPlaHHeMa, CTOSMaro BG PYHEMIOHAIBHOH CBASE 
cB cBoeh cpezoi (Temaepatypa, xaBreHie, muTaHie, CBBTB 4.T. 1). 
Baxwsk0 cTOaTS KB OTOH RaTeropian MeTadusa4eCcKAX?, NOHATIA Tpe- 
SCoBania oObacHenia sBieni# NOCpeACTBOMS pasx0meHia HX HA 910- 
MeHTH. Bcskoe sBXeHie Hallero OKITA OpellosaraeTcd cAORCHHHM'S 
web Goxbe HAH MeHBe CEPHTO UpeOHBaWMAXt Bb HEM MPOCTHX’S 
spxeHifi. Boxa Bb CTOAIIOM> UpexoO MHOM CTakaHS pascMaTpaBaercs, 





58 mm KORAC S. 


corzacHo sToH TOURS spbuHia, He TOXLKO KAKb BORG, & EARL COCTaBb 
ABYX® APYTHXS OMCMCHTAPHHXS THYL—EHCIOPOAA H BOMOpONA, KOTOPHIe, 
BB CBOW OYePeNb, COCTOATS HSE aTOMOBS. HenperxyObaAcHHHH MeTa- 
(HSHKOH BSTAd{b BHAHTE BL BOS ABIEHIC CAMOCTOATEALHOE, MpOcToe 
H HE CAOQHCHHOE 43% OAeMeCHTOBS. KonciHo, UPA BSMBHEHIM yCAOBIA 
ed CYICCTBOBaHia, MHL MOMCML YHHITOMHTE OTY BOAY BH MOAYYATS 
BMBCTO Hed EHCAOPOAS H BOAOPOAS Bb HBBBeTHOR UponopHin, HO BTO 
WAaICKO HE SHAYHTS, ITO OHH COACPRATCA Bb CEPHTOMD BATE Bb BOXS. 
Ct usMbHeniemt ycxoBi BE OnWTh «Boga» BapiapyeTca @ MOXy- 
yaeTca HBITO Apyroe. [px npexuemt Bsrxsb AAHHHA HAM’d BY OMNTS 
ABACHiG C4HTAXHCh YBMB-TO He CYNICCTBYWIHMS A TDeOyYHIEMD 
BHACHCHIA OCPeACTBOMb JPyTHXb ABACHIA, CAMOCTOATEALHOG CyIIe- 
CTBOBAaHi€ KOTOPHX® HHKO'Aa HaMb HO AQHO Bb OUHTB HAA KOTOPHA 
Booome He AOCTYIBH ONNTY. Takb, HalpHMbpt, HAKOTa aM He 
JaHH BB OUHTS OTABABHO CYMeCcTBYMMia omymeHia. Mw xe pasza- 
raeMb Bb NCHXOAOriH BCH MCHXHKY HMCHHO Ha IIpOCTHA OBLyMeHIS. 
Hu 38Oas, HH 4YBCTBO, HH UpexcraBreHia He NOABIAWTCH HHKOrAa 
oOocoOACHHHMH, & BCErAa Bb CBA8H APyTb Cb Apyromb. Mu He one- 
pupyeMS NOCTOAHHO OTHMH DOHATIAMA, KAD OH CaMOCTOATCABBHIME, 
CYMCCTBYOMIHMH OTA'BAbHO. 

Ilostomy mOHATI€e aHaxHsa BL MpaMbHeHin kb WhacTBHTeADHOCTH 
uMbeTS MeTadHsHieckifi xXapakTept, MOCKOABRY OHO IpeAllozaraeTh 
BOSMOMHOCTS PaslOReHiA AAHHALO ABACHIA HA CAMOCTOATECADHHO 950- 
MeHTH HEOFO XapasTepa, THM cama paszaraeMad Bells. Bb moHs- 
TIH aHazHsa KpoeTcA MeTADHSHUeCKAd HAeCH CKPHTAaArO COCTOSHIA Apy- 
Toro ABACHIA Bb AAHHOMD MH HECYNICCTBCHHOCTH BHABMATO. 


Ill. 


Ch XormaTnvecko# TOURH BpbHiaA TeEOpeTHIECKad CTOPOHA HaykA He 
MOMCTH OHTh HHOW, THM OHA CCT, TAR KAR OHA BHTCKACTh HSE 
HOMpPeAOKHHXb SaKOHOBS, OTEPHTHXDS HayKOH. Dexoco~ckad, KPHTHEA 
ONHAKOHe YKASHBACTE HAM, 10 Kako cTeleHH MOCTpOfika HayEu 
HCKYCCTBCHHA H AO BSBBCTHOH cTeleHH NpOHSBOIbHA. TBOpyecTBO y4e- 
Haro OYHb OXH3EO Kb TBOPYCCTBY XYNORHHKA, KAKG STO HE Pash yxRe 
yRasHBaxoch. Jake TO, TIME HAaYKa ClpaBeLAHBO FOPAHTCA,—a HMCHHO 
6H TOWHOCTS, CONpsmeHO cB Goxabmo# xosoH mponsBoabHocTH. Jlaxe 
Takie, kKasatocb On, TOUHNe OpieMH HayKH, Kab, HalpuM bp, 
ROAHYeCTBEHHEe OUpexbreHie aABAeHIN, cBASAaHH Cb MaccoH YCAOBHHXS 
AaHHHX, THloTest H OpesnosomeHi#. Bosbmems, HalpaMbps, Takok 
mpocro# (akTb, Kakb Hu3MbpeHie TemlepatypH. Ono OCHOBLIBaeTCA 
Ha DpPONopMioHasbHOME PaciiHpeHiH TBAL Cb YBCAHYCHICMS TeIAOTH. 
IlponopmioHaabHOCTh STA CYDIeECTByeTh Bb JOBOAbHO Y3EHXL YrpaHH- 
uaxt. Kpomb Toro, Takoe usMbpeBie He IIPHMBHUMO BB THXB cay- 
Waixt, Iyb Ope yBesHyeHiH kKaxopin TemMepaTypa He MOBRIMaeTCA 


KPRTHKA MAYUHHES HONSTHE. 59 


(oxytal cxpTo# rerxoTH). Craxo Ont, MH EMbeMs BYbeh yeAOBHOCTS 
IPAHHIFh HBMBpeHia TeNXOTM M THUOTesy cCAPNTAarO cocTosHia eg. 
Iipamoe usmbpenie Kaveerss HaMs He AOCTYHHO, Epos oxHOro—npo- 
THEOHIA, A8 WH TO OLATS Bb YOEHXS Tpanmnaxs. Hayza tTpe6yers 
waceh yourlli, MaccH TeOPeTHYCCREXD cooOpameHifi, a«To6H mpexctas 
BHT KOZHYCCTBGHHOC OTHOMeHIe Reme memry co6om. [lorpe6xocts 
wewbpenia rxyOoko IpoHHEaers ce crpoeHie Hayke. Jame raxia 
OCHOBHHA HOHATIA, RAKS, HANPEMBPS, TOMAOTH, SICKTPHIOCTBA H T. J. 
SABHCSTE BCCNBIO OTE croco6oBL HeMbpeHia axt. IpH oxnoms en0- 
coOb nowhpenia — Tenz0Ta MOMeTS GHITS pasCMATPHBACMA, KAEB Be- 
IMOCTBO, IPH APYTOMEb—EAKE oHepria. To Me caM0e MOXHO cKAasATS 10 
OTHOMeHID KG oxOKTpHIeCTBY. EceH 6fO pasCcMATPHBANTS BS HACTOS- 
mee BPeMA, KAKG OHepriW, TO 9TO BABHCHTS OTL FCTO cxywAaiHXxs 
croco60oBh wewbpesia, DpHMSHOHHHXS BB Hayvar’ (E. Mach. Princi- 
pien der Warmelehre). Orpomnym poxb ups oOpasosanin HaydHHx. 
NOHATIN HPPAeTS cTpeMICHio KOOPAHHHPOBATS MemTy cOOOW ABA aw 
Goxbe pAXa PaszHUHHXs sBeHifi. Taks, HAaNpEMbps, anasrAqecnasg 
reoMeTPia BOSHHKIA HS crpemxeHia KOOPAWHHPOBATE anaxzETHyeckia 
BOXHEHHH Ch TeoMeTpHyeckuME. [lonatie BppanioHaxBHOCTH BD MaTe- 
MATHES OABHIOCh BOXBACTBIo NOTPCOHOCTH ROOPAHHHPOBATS TeOMETPH- 
weckig BCIHYHHH Cb apHomeTaveckuMH. Eme undaropelinn Haman, 
qTO CCXH CTOPOHA KBANPATS PAaBHA CAHHEIIS, TO NiaroHAsS STOTO KBa- 
APaTa HOILSH BHPASHTL HHESKEME YHOIOME. Tak KAKS, OFHAEO HP, 
Miaronam ety Tpe6osaroch ThMS HuOyAs BHpASHTh apHOMeTHUCCKE, 
TO H IPHINXOCL yuOTpeOuTh BHpameHie V/ 3, T. ©. cOBXAaTS THCXOBOE 
HonstTie, KOTOpOMy HTS BL FBRCTBATeALHOCTH HARAKOTO COOTBSICTBYD- 
Maro wHCxa, HH Wbraro, Ha Apo6u. (J. Kodis. Irracjonalnosé pojeé, 
jako trédio metafisyki. Prz. fil. 1906). 

Hayka He BCersa BIOAHS COSHATEABHO COSJABAIR STH HCKYCCTBOH- 
Ha nonatia. Sacro cxywaeTcd, 4oO HOBOG HAayIHOe DOHATIC BHILIH- 
BaeTh EAEB OyxTO camo co6oh Hob HCTOPHYeCCEHXD ycxosift MEICAH. 
aad camaro e@Fro aBTOpa OHO IPeXCTABAMCTE Saragky, Kakb ITO-TO 
MHCTHYCCKO6, TYHROG CFO OOHKHOBCHMOMY MEMMIZeHIW. Takt, HMCHHO, 
CAyWHAOCh, HANPHMSpsS, Cb WOHATIONS HPpPalloHAABHOCTH HAH 0-HHOWS 
nombpeniowt BS reomerpin. Taroe nOHATI® RAMECTCH MHICINTCAW HE 
ILXOAOME CFO TBOPYCCTBA, & RAHAHINS BSH Mipa OOBERTHBHALO, HO He- 
AOCTYMHAarO CTO IPAMOMY ONHITY. OTA cHOcOOHOCTS HayIHHXS HOnATIA 
BOSHEKATS KARE OH CaMOOHTHO H CXYRHTS IPHGHHOR MHORecTBA 
meTAHSHYCCEHX®S Hef BE HayKS. Takia nonaTia coszawTs BAIN 
PaCEPHTiA HCTHHH, xemamef no TY CTOPOHY YeXOBByeckaro oOunra. 
Hecrbxopanie Yrenesaca HAaYTHHXS DonaTif BB Nocrbyuee Bpema 
BNCpBHe KlaXeTS OCHOBAHIc JAd UpPAaBHALHOM OMBHKR HXE H ALA yCTpa- 
HeHia cBaeaHHOH Cb HHMH MHCTHDEKAIIF. 

Bee BHIMe€CKA8aHHOS OTHOCHTCS KB NOHATIAMS, OOPAsOBABINEMCA H 
mpecOpasobaBileMca BE camo Hayes. Macca sabayxyonifi BuTeRaeTsS 
RB TOPO, 4TO Sa6HBaWTCH YCAOBHOCTS OTHXS NOHATIAN H HX BSaHM 


be 


60 H. RON C &. 


Had sapncuMocts. Ho pbb Bb HAxaNs PAasBATIA HAYER yRO Orn TOTOBMA 
KOHATIN, BBATHA “3b OOHeHHOH axHsHH. Bb Hauaxb cBOero pasBHTis 
Hayka He Oblxa EPHTHYeCKOH HM NOAbBOBAIACh CBOOOAHO ThMb MAaTe- 
piaxzowb, KOTOpHH oHa Hallga ye TOTOBHM. TakaMb oOOpasoMb BB 
He@ NPOHBEIO MHOTO NOHATIM AO-HaydHaro Depioga. TlonaTia eTH 6H 
THIOCTaSHpOBaHH! H TAaKOBHMH UPOHHEIH Bb Hayky. Bb HayKS He OHH 
TOABEO TOF&% HONBOPraHch EPHTAES, KOFAa WOABUAACh HOOTAOMHAA He- 
o6xojuMoctTb sToro. IipH stom He Kamut yueHHit OfHHAKOBO 4UYB- 
CTBYCTh OTY HEOOXOAUMOCTL, ITO Bb CBOW OYePeNb BaBHCHTb OTB eFo 
TSOPeTHIECKOH NOATOTOBEH. XOTM OHS H COBHACTE HHOTAa HeyAOBIC- 
TBOPHTCAbHOCTh pesyAbTATOBR cBOeH padoTH, OfHakome He BCceryS 
WPHXOAHTE CMY BL TOAOBY MHCIb HCKATh UPHIHHH STO HeyAaqH Bb 
TOM, JTO- OHS HC-KPHTHYCCEH NOILSOBAACH NOHATi€MA. HayaHHia He- 
CXBNOBaHiA BAYT OOHEHOBCHHO BE Havaxb BS YHCTO UPakTHICCKOMS, 
OOLCRTHBHOMS HallpaBACHiH, H TOAbERO NOTOM yHe HACTyNaeTE asa 
awarusa MOHATI. Takb, HalpaMbpb, AOAT0e BPeMA HAyKA NOAbSOBAa- 
1aCh HO-KPHTHYCCKHNS DOHSTIONE JyNIH. OTcwAa UpousoMerb XHBO- 
Tpelemymlift BOnpocb 06% oTHOMeHIA AYMH H Tha, BOUPOCh, KOTO- 
pHH CTOHIS HAYES CTOAbRUXS ycusit H KOTOPHH HHEOTWa He OLLYb H 
He MOIS ONT pbMeHHHMS. axe Tako# MHCIHTeXb, KAkS JlekapTs, # 
TOTS, BM'BCTO aHOAHsa NOHATIA dusmueckaroO H NCHXMYeCKAarO Hayala, 
ykashBaWMaro OTHOCHTCABHOCTS O6OHXS NOHATIA, NpPeANOIeIb HCKATS 
mbcToO BD Thxb, rb 6 Bosrbiicrsie 7yMH Ha ThAO Kasaloch MCHBO 
DPOTHBOphinBHM'S. MScTOMS STHMS, 00 ero MHBHIW, JOXKHA ONT 
glandula pinealis. Tyrs mpe6nBaerh Aya H TYTS UPOHCXOABTS BO8- 
whicTBie 6g Ha @H38HYeCKYH cTOpoHy wex0oBbEa. Teoperuyecki#f’ ana- 
AH8b NOBATIA crbiarb OW H8IHMIBHMH NOPOOHHS Npesnoromenia. 

TeopeTHueckad CTOPOHa HAayKH HO NpeAcTABASETL TAKOTO AOTHUe- 
exarO NOCTPOCHia, Bb KOTOPOM Kamlad wactb Oita OH UpucMocobzeHA 
Bb. Apyro# ua rxB 6 Bce BMbcTé coorTBbrcrBopaso crporok AbH- 
¢TBHTCABHOCTH. HaoGopors, Teoperuyeckas Nocrpoika HayEH 98TO—Ipo- 
Tecch HCTOpHYecKi#, BL KOTOPOMDS cXyyahaWaA ycClOBiad HIpaWTh Baxk- 
HYH polb H Bb EOTOPHH BXOJSTS DOHATIA HSE PasHHXb KYALTYp- 
HHX® 900Xb H 3b pasHHXS cryveHeH YMCTBeHHATO pasBHTif 4we10- 
BbyecTBa, OCTABaACh JOJTO@ BPOMA HETPOKYTHMH KDPHTHROH. Becs 
STOTE MeTapHsHuecKi# OaatacTh ACHHTL TAKCINMD OpPeMOHEME HA 
HaykB H MORCTE ONTh TepoHMS BS He TOABKO ASBBCTHOG BPeMa. 
PaHO HiH M08fHO ROIHHA HACTYNHTh Takag dasa pasBHTis, KOrAe 
HaykS BOlef-HeBOIeH UpHXOHTCA OCBOOOAHTLCA OTS STOTO OaLiacta, 
RoTOpHH sBMbcTO coxblicrBig TopMOsHTS cBOOOAHOe pasBETie 8Ha- 
Kia. OrcwJa BHITeRaCTS TO OrpomHoe sHayeHie HaywHOH EPRTMRE HO- 
Katii, noropoe ona upio6pbza BB mocabyHee BpeMg. 


MOUPREA HAYUMNXG Nenaerell, 61 


IV. 


Fish scero BHIMeCykasannaro cAeBAyeTh, ITO HAYIHHA WOHATia, 
FOCNOACTBYNMia HHS Bb HAyKB, HE MOFYTS COXpaHATS 3a cObom 
TOrO SHAaYeHIA, KAKOe OHH HMBAH ANA YeAOBbieckaro Mipopossp baila 
Bb NO-KpuTHyecki# nepions. KpxaTuka pasbeqaBWia BO BCeM’h MaTe- 
Piarb HaykH @akTHieckiaq AAHHHA H TeopeTHYeCKOe AXE OGOcHOBAaHIe, 
Bs To BpeMa, Kak OTH MakTHeckid AAHHNA OCTAWTCA HOTPOHYTHME, 
Ha TCOPCTHIECEYH CTOPOHY HalpaBlena BCH CHZa HaywHol KpHTHEH. 

Panbiie, Bb JO-KpHTHuecki#t nepioxb, Mb HayKH CTAaBHAOCh 
oOpasoBanie HOBHXS NOHATIN H BHBOXb HOBNXb OpHvHnuNOBS. Te- 
Hepb Xe NOHSTiA COMlAH EB Ooxbe ckpomHo# pozH opyzift nosHasia. 
MH SHaeM) Tellepb, ITO OHH HO aNTh HAMS HOBOH H Ooxbe ray6o- 
Ko HCTHHH, YhMb Ta ABHCTBATCALHOCTS, KOTOPAad HAM AOCTYDHA He- 
IIGCpeACTBCHHO. QOHH CAYHATS IBMMb CpPeACTBOMB Jia mbsecoo6pas- 
Haro MOAb80BaniA STOR bicTBHTeALHOCTLD, AJA AyUMaro opiex- 
THPOBaHIA BB He H AAA yBeAHQeHIa *PagTHYecKOH YacTH HaMlero 3Ha- 
Hig. Eme panbie yooTpeéagguch Bb HaykS BHpaxenia «Hilfsbegriffe» 
w <Arbeitshypotesen>, T. ©. BCHOMOraTeAbHLIA MOHATIA BH THNOTESH Jas 
HayiHoH pasos. Tlonaria stra cosqaBaxHCh, Kak BPeMCBHHA 10C0- 
Gia A418 padoTH, IpH ACHOMD COsHaHin OTCYTCTBIA Y HHXS PeAaAbHOCTE. 
Telepb MH cOsHaeMb, FTO BCB HAYIHHA MOBATIA H THNOTesH STO HO 
GTO HHOS, KAR BCOOMOTaTeAbHHe CHOCOOH Aud Halle MHICEH, HO 
BMwbwiie peadbHaro sHaveHia BS AbitcTBHTeAbBOCTH (Poincaré. La va- 
- leur de la science, raasa: La science et la réalité. J. Kodis, Rzecsy- 
wistosé i jej naukowe pojgcie, Przegl. fil. 1902). 

He cMorpa Ha BCO STO, TEOPETHIECKAA CTOPOHS HAYEH HMBETS Ipo- 
MaxHOe sHayeHie 22a YeAOBBIecKOH MICAH, KAKb BL MPOMAOMS, TAKb 
H BB HacTosaniems. CupallHBAeTCa, KakHMS OOpasoMb OHA HCHOAHACTD 
STY poOXb H rxB es rpaHHon. Hbrs wukakoro comHbuia, TO Teope- 
THuecKie Upiewh HayEH AO HBBBCTHOH cTeneHH mbaecooOpasHh, Takb 
KaE% Hayka 6esb HHXB JO CHXb DOpPh He MOTAa OOoHTHCh H TaED 
E3Kb OHH CHOCOOcIBOBasH OTEPHTIO MakTHYCCKAXD AaHHHXb MepBo- 
cTeneHHoH BpamHocTu. Hayka 20 CHXB DOph He HSM'BHHAA OCHOBHHXS 
CHOCO6OBh YeXOBbweckaro MHMIeHiA H NOAbSOBaAACh ThMH METOLAME, 
KoTOpHie OHH H JO Hea BB OOHIeHHOH wy i TOABEO YTOHYABS H 
paspaooraBt uxb. Hayka aT0O—HakouseHie H OpranHsallia comaxbHaro 
ounta (Paap, Maxs, Asenapiycs). Upioipbrenie storo onnTa coBep- 
maeTca ThMb Ke NYTeEMD, KAkb # Upiohpbrevie AnyNaro HHABBUAYAaAbHAaro 
YeXOBSICCKALO ONNTA, & HMOHHO, HPH DOMOMA Mponeccoss abcrpakiik A 
oG6o6meniaz. 06a OHH COCTABIAWTS OCHOBHHG IpOneccH YAOBbyecKaro 
MHLAeHia. OHH HeEPasPHBHO CBASAHH APYTb Cb APYTOM HW 8aBHCATh 
OTL McHxox0riA Mponecca Bocupiatig. AOcrpaguia uw O6oOmenie oby- 





62 x KORA C B. 


CIOBAHBAWTh BOSHHRHOBeHIG OHATI#. [pu Bocupiatia xakoro-aH60 
HBieHiA Halle BHHUMAHie COCpexOTOUNBaeTCA BCerIa HA HBROTOPHXS 
CTOPOHAXB ef0, OCTABIAA APYTi CTOPOHH RAS OH BL THE. OTO 
CCTh 8apPOAHIIb Uponecca abcrpagoia (Mach. Zur Analyse der Empfin- 
dungen). O6pamaa ‘Hame BHaMaHie Ha JADPyTiA ABAeHIA, MH ONATD 
OCTaHAaBAHBaeMCA H&A HBKOTOPHX MOMCHTAXB H, CCAH OHH HMBIOTS 
CXONCTBO Cb N@PBHMH, TO OHH COCAHHAWTCA BD OHO. Takaws O6pa-— 
30MB cosfaetca upocrbimee o6o6menie. Ilpx yactoms monropexix 
OTHXB UponeccoBs MHCAb O60OmMaeTE w abcTparupyeTs BCe xerye H 
Imnpe, OOHAMad BCe Ooubmie Epyru aBxzenit. Dlonatia cranopatca BCe 
Oorbe aOcTpakTHHMa HH OOmuMH. Muicab piyyaetca Kb BTOMY Mpo- 
weccy, T. @. OH&, YCTpaHAA BCC MAJOBaHHOG HAH SAHMHHUPYA eTO 
(mpolect s1BMHHAalin), AXeTye H Opome HaxoguTh oOOmee BE ABAC- 
Hinxh. Besb oTHXb UpOueccoBh nosHanie weAOBbuecKk0e HEMEICAHMO. 
Q6o6nlad UPHSHakH UpeAMeTOBS, MEICAB YeJOBbyeckad IpyNUEpyers 
BMbCTS Cb TBMD A CAaMHe NpeAMeTH Bb CBOCM NOSHAHIH. Shad Ka- 
Koe-1060 cBOHCTBO 435 ONHTa, OHA IPH NOMOMIA 3akAWYeHIA NO ana- 
Ori pacmiupseTS oTO 3HaHie H Ha BCS NpexMeTW Janno rpyiitH. 
TakamMp o6pasoms, Uponecch o6oOmenia u adcrpaknin cxayxatTs yex0- 
BBRY JAH MepeneceHia cBOero ONHITAa OTh OAHOTO cAyIasd Ha MHOTie. 
Bawbcro JaHHHarO Wponecca acconianix eXBHHIHHXB OMNLITOBS, MOAsy- 
qaeTca UpH nomMomA oOoOmenia sce cyMlecTBeHHOe AXA WeAOBBEA Bb 
OXHOM OOMeME NOHATIA. 

IlosTOMy MHICIb YeXOBbieckad HHKOTNAa HE MORMETL OTPCIbCA OTS 
aOcTparspoBania, o6oOneHis, OTh aHaNHSHpOBaHiag H rpynoaposanias 
cBoero SHAHIA IPH NocperxcTss NonATi#. ITO Deka eAHHCTBEHANE cno- 
co6b, IPH NOMOMH KOTOParO YeAOBBED MORCTH OpieHTHPOBATBCA BD 
xaocb mgbficrBuTeabHocTu. Takoe OrTpomHoe H DepBocTeneHHoe sHayeHie 
NoHATIH Bb RH3HH YeAOBSEA HA OWAO NPHIBHOH NepeorbHABaHiA BX. 
CosHaBad BCH BAaRHOCTS HX, YIOBSEB NOHEBOIS FHNOcTAasHpOBarD, 
OAHIICTBOPAXS HX’, IPHLABAYS HME pearbHoe GuitTie, BAPHAD Bb HXS 
CYMGECTBOBAHIC, KAKb UpeAMeTOBS, HeAOCTYDHWXE OUNTY (Hxen [ixa- 
TOHa, CpesqHeBBEOBHH noumenon, Logos xu T. a.). Kpomb roro 
OHb UpHiabalb CaMHMB OHATIAMB sHaveHie yero-TO abcorNT- 
Haro. [lowatia cYHTaqHch BCera BBPHHIMH, T. €. adcoxWTHO IIpH- 
cyMHMH JaHHok rpynob asiaasesifi. Bb oTomwt-TO HMe@HHO H KkOpe- 
HH1aCh OCHOBHAA OmHOKa. Takb, HAaNpHMBpb, OCHOBHHMD RAaYeCTBOM®, 
IIpHCyMuwWhb adcOlWTHO HaHMCHbIIHMB YACTHIKAMb XHMBYCCKATO B6- 
MecTBa, CYHTaIach HerblaMocTh. Bc aTOMHCTHYeCKaa XHMIA OCHO- 
BaHa HMCHHO Ha STOH HexbauMOCTH aTOMOBD. Mexyy ThM®b OTEDpHTIEe 
GekepeleBCKAXD Aye WOKasadO, ITO HeEOOXOAHMO NPHSHATL paciiaje- 
Hie aTOMOBB Ha emje Gombe Mexgkiad wacTH. Jaa yacnenia ce6b sHa- 
yeHif NOHATIH MEI JOAMHH PascMOTPBIb AXE eMle cb Apyrot cropoHH. 
Muicab yeropbka Boobme, H NOHATIA BB OCOOCHHOCTH, IPeCACTABIAWTD 
peakniW YeXOBBRa Ha OKpymaWMyW ero cpexy. OTO Takoe Re BOs- 
mbiictsie OpraHasMa Cb IbabW CaMOCOXpaneHif, RAKE H CFO MeXAaHH- 


7 


KPHTHEA HAYIHHXD noHaTi. 63 


teckia [BHMCHIA, IPOHSBOLUMHIA PEPACKTOPHO, RAK OTBSTE Ha RABIIBIC 
CTHMYAH. Peaxnia eTH HMBUOTS SHAveHie JIA AAHHArO MOMOHTA H AAT 
AQ@HHAIO cOueTaHia OOcTOATeIBCTBD. Peargia oprakHsMa Up cosHsza- 
HiH MOHATIA, KOHEIHO, TOpasA0 clomHBe H TpebyeTh 6ombmMe BpeMeHH 
AAA CBOCrO OOpas0BakiA H YCTAHOBACHIA, HO BCE KO CYMHOCTD OCTAeTCA 
Ta xe. Kak TakOBhIs, DOHATIA HO MOFYTb ONITh pash HAaBCerza pHs- 
CYIMAMH HSBBCTHOH rpyousb gakTopb, a 00 mpapoxb caoeH A0IRAH 
HOMBHATECA, COOOpasHO H3MBHEHIAMS CaMaTO 4eAOBbEAa HAA ORPyYKab- 
mei ero cpexH. OTO OTHOCKTCH He TOALEO KL CAHHHYHHIMS, PasposHeH- 
HHME DOHSTIAMDb, HO H Kb WHINMS Ipyilams woHaTifi u, HAaKOHEIS, 
ko Bceeli cucTemb YexOBbueckaro sHaHia. Takb Kab NOBATIA—2TO 
Upexxe Bcero OioxOrHeckasd yHEUIA OprakHsMa, TO OHBANTE CAyWaH, 
GTO OHH OTBBYAaWTE Oi010rHyecKHMS NOTpeOHOCTAMS eAOBSYecKOK 
UpHpoAw, we HMBA BMhCTB cb ThNB MpesMeta, COOTBBTCTBYWMArO 
BHM} BB WhitcrBuTerbHOcTH. (BB Takomb caysab o6ob6menin MOryTS 
OMTb CXBAAHH OT Pala TAMOCTAsApOBaBHHXS NoHATi#t). ITO OTHO- 
CMTC, Upemgye BCeFO, Kb WOHATIAMH TOOXOTHUCCKEHMS, & 3ATBMS H ED 
APYTHM>b HppaliokaAbHHMb NOBATIAMS, He HMANDIMMD OOBEKTA Bb 
mipB peasbHomb. Kt TAakHMS HPpanioHaIbHHMS NOHATI€MS NpHRHAAAC- 
HHTS, HANPAMSpPb, NOHATie O GeskOHedHOcTH. [lonaTie 9TO sABISeTCH 
HeOOXOAHMOCTBH Cb AOTHYecKOH cTOpoHH. Memyzy ThMb cpean WbH- 
CTBETCAbHHXS ABAeHIt MH HHIAB He BCTPbiaeMh OeskOHeUHOCTH. 
OECHCPHEMCHTD (PHBHKA SHACTS TOABKO ROHCYHWA ABIEHIA. Task, HANpH- 
wpb, CEKOPOCTh JABHXOHiA MOKETS OHTA IpeACTABIdeMa MHICICHHO 
G6eskOHeWHOH, MexAY ThME OKCIEPHMOHTH MN CaMHA TOWRHA HabsDse- 
Hid DOKasHBaWTh, ITO CYMECTBYeTE MpexbsAb JAA CKOPOCTH—HMOHHO, 
ckOopocts cBbra. Boxbue ckopocta He BCTpbuaeTca Bb AOCTyMHOH 
Hauiemy Ha6znyeHin opupor’. Lpexbas Husmei remnepatypH 43- 
BECTeHE @usHky ye jaBHo, sToO — 273° C. Ha ocwopanin EMHeTH- 
yeckoH TeOpiH TeNZOTH MH JOLKHH DPHHATS H MA@KCHMAAbHHA mpe- 
NBIb JAM TOMAOTH, CCIH CKOPOCTL JBHHeHIA BB UpHpoNb orpanu- 
yena. [JpocrpancrTso sceleHHo# BB HalleMh OHATIN OesrpaHHIHo, 
MORAY ThME HOBbHMad ACTPOHOMIA MIPHXOJUTE Eb BHBOAY, ITO ECTS 
HSBBCTHAR TpaHnla AM sBbaywaro MpoOcTpancrTBa, 8a KOTOpOH HTD 
ABEbIIC HH 8BB8I'b, HH TYMAHHHXD UATeHS. Ona Jame UbITACTCA ONpe- 
MbaHTD pasctosHie oTOH rpaHHH oTb seman BB 7000 cBbTOBHXS 
TOAOBS (T. ©. CBBTL UpOXOJHTS EL HAN OT EPAahHAXh SBbSTb Bb 
CeMb THCATS ABTS *). JBAMMOCTD BEMECTBA MHICAHTCA, KAKD Oe3KkOHe4- 
Had, HO @CTb H JI HOH UpexbAb, KARL 9TO NOKasaHO paboTaMu 
OcTBSAbAG HAN PAasMuReHiems THepAAaro calzo01a (Zeitschrift fir Phys. 
Chemie. 1899). 

‘Bee ckasanhoe 0 NOHSTIAXD OOHJCHHOH MHBHH OTHOCHTCA H KL 
HOHSTiQNS, BEpAaOCTAaHHHMS HaykOH. Kakb TYTb, TAKD H TaMb, OHH 


*) Cu. pbas upod. M. Wolf'a: .Die Milchstrage* va cpbayt wbuen. ecte- 
CTBOHCOLITaTereh Bb J[pesnenb. 1907 r. 


64 x KORAC SB, 


COCIYHHAH YeAOBbiecTBy TpOMaxnyw cxyaOy, HO KAKB TYTS, TAKS x 
TaMb, OHH HMBHTD H OTPHWATeABHYW CTOPORY, CCAH HMA DOAbSOBaTLCA 


He EPHTHyecEH. OHH H BE Hayes He abcOAWTHH, & OTHOCHTCALHH 
TakKe OHBaNTL BppalionasbaH. CoppeMeHHad Haydad KPHTHEA Tpe- 
GyeTh COSHATeAbHArO OTHOWeHIA Kb HAYIHHMWS NonsTiaMb. Ipemye 
BCErO 08a OTOPACHIBaeTS AOTMATHSMS 110 OTHOMeHIW KB HEME. Bcd 
NOHSTIA BL HAyKB OTHOCHTCAbHH H YCROBHH H CIYRATh Aid HOg 
CPeAcTBOMS, & HE BALD. OTO OTHOCHTCH H Kb CaMHM TOWHMS Hay- 
KaMb, Kakb reoMeTpia, pusHEb HT. A. Kamaag HaydHad ACTHHA 
HMBeETL 8HAYCHIG TOABEO BL H3BbCTHHXS, Goxbe aH MOHbe YSKHX®, 
TpaHulaxh H pH jaHHof BHYTpeHHeH cBa3sH ToHgTIA 2 IPHHIANOBS. 
Ha OSH 88KOHE HO NOKPHBACTh HACTOABEO AaHaOH rpynnn ax- 
TOBE ABAcCTBHTCADHOCTH, UTOOH HHKOTAS He MOAYIANHCh HOCOOTBBT- 
eTBid PAkKTOBS Cb HHM'S. Kalad HCTHHA YACTHIHS H BCErAS OCTACTCa 
4TO-TO He OXBaqeHHOe en. 

Camoe Mapokoce npuawbHemie abcrparnia ax o6o6menia Bb HayES— 
sto Upiewb pexykoin. HaywHaga pexyKiia aT AOTHYCCEH pasBHTOe EH 
METOJOAOFHYECKH BHepRAHHOG OTBAeVeHIe, OTHOCAMeecH Kb HBBECT- 
HOMY JJHHHOMY H CAOHHOMY pay aBuenif. Ona COCTOHTE Bb TOMS, 
4TO MHI, BMBCTO BCerO CHOMHATO ABAeHiA AhHCTBHTeCAbHOCTH, GepeM’b 
OMHY eYO CTOPOHY H Olepupyems eM OAHOH BwbCTO Irbxaro aABzCHIa. 
HBkOTOpHA H8b TAKHXD HAayTHHXS pexyenii WpocymMecTBOBaaH AOsTiA 
cTOXBTiA H COXPAHAWTCA BG PasIHIHHXS PasacaXb pasBUTia Hayes. 
Hayza sHaeTs pies pexysuin cb JaBeHMHUXS Lops. CobcrBeHHo 
TOBOPs, OHA HAaIaIa PasBHBaTbCH OLICTPO TOABEKO CB TOTO BPeMCHE, 
EOra CTala HOCKbAOBATeABHO UPHMBbHATS STOTS Upiems. YRe BE XVI B. 
NOs0#eHO Hawaio TOH rpomayzHoH pexyEuin, KOTOpad HasBaHa Mexa- 
HHYCCKHMDE METOJOMS BL HayKs, Korda Lasnxzel nonnTasca BHepBETe 
CBECTH BCH (H3HEY KB MOXAHHES. Yuewwe ASCUBAYWTS Ch TOFO BpPe- 
MCHH TOJBRO MeX@HHYeCKYD cTOpoHy OnTia, BMbCTO 4upessHuafino 
¢10HH0H H pasHOposHoH COBORYNHOCTH aBIeHI# OKpyawularod Hach 
mipa. OTO TpomaqHoe yupomledie 8agauM AaeTh cpasy morywil TOXYORS 
Hayes. Upesphuaine ycrbxs eto pexyklin BHSHBACTE NOMHTKH 
IpHMBHeHIA CH H KL HAayKaMS TyMAHHTAapHHMS. ©. Bexows crapacTca 
HOCTABHTb PHSHKY (COOCTBEHHO TOBOPA, MCXAHHRY) BS OCHOBY BcaKOf 
HayeH, STHRA, comiOx0rin, IcHxoI0riv. Cb sro sazaye OH, KOHECIHO, 
He MOMCTD CipaBaThces, HO Kb web ero BOsBpamaerca Tob6cs. Lloxs 
IHUHBIMD BidHiemb Taamzed Ofb cTapaeTca BBeCTH Bb comios0riw 
JCXYETHBEHA MeTORb, KOTOPH#, BL CBOW OYePeNb, OCHOBNBaeTCA HA 
peasyenin. UWcuxoxorgueckia apiexia OHb NPAMO PASCMATPHBACTS, KAKB 
ABHRCHIA. OTOT BONpOCh sanuMaeTs Aarbe Jlexapra, CuaHosy, Aek6- 
HHa, BY HOBbimee Bpema Tep6apra, Tep6epra Cuencepa H T. &. 
OAHUME CIOBOM, Hayka cTapasach UpAMbHATS PeyKUIW Bb CaMHXS 
WHPOKHXS pasmbpaxs. [yb ero eff He yaapasoch, Tab OHA npAGb- 
Tala Kb pexyEniams, OOHHMANDIIEMS Ooxbe OrpaHHIeHHOS YHCIO aK- 
TOBS. Tagb, HaupaMbps, Bb UCHXONOFiA yHOTpPeOAMeTCA BS OTOMD OTpa- 


KPHTHEA HAYURRIXS HOnSTH. 65 


HHYOHHOMS CMHCIH pexyEMiA 10 OTHOMeHIN Kb OMyMeHiaMs. BubcTo 
BCOrO KOMILICKCA, CONepRaMarocd Bb MOHATIA ONLYOeHiA H cOCcTOsmaro 
H3% KAecTBA ONLYMeHis, YYBCTBCHHArO SAeCMCHTA H JOKAAbHOH IpH- 
mbTH, ICHXOPH3HKA Bb sakoHb BeSeps-Pexnepa pas6upaeTs TOAbKO 
KAYeECTBO ODYMeHiA, CUATAaA eFO NOBNWeHie HIH NOHHReHIe yKasaTe- 
IOMB COCTOSHiA bxaro KOomMacEca. O6okTuch 6e3b pexyKMIM Hayka 
HHKOrAa He Oba BB COCTOaHIH. Bb Hayaxb ysenwe OpaxH pexynupo- 
BaHHHA ABACHIA, KARL H BOOOMEe HayIHHA NOBATIA, AOFMATH4IOCER. 
OHH He COSHABAIH ACHO, ITO, BMBCTO BCeH CAOHMHOCTH H PasHOpOAHO- 
CTH ABCHi, OHH HSCHBAYWTh AHUIh OLHY, HAUPHMBPS, MEXAHHIECKYD, 
CTOPOHY, AOBOALCTBYACh XO NOPH JO BPCMOHH 2THMS OAROCTOPOHHEMS 
sHaHiewb. Han6oporb, OHH BBPHIA, ITO M@XAHHYECKOS OHTIC H CCT 
@XHHCTBeHHOS 6riTie. CoBpeMeHHad KPHTHKAa, He OTBeprad piema pe- 
AYEWiH, UPHSHAeTh 38 HAMS AMMb OAHO METOAOAOTHYECKOS sHateHie, 
IlouatHo, ro uUpambuexie ramzo# pexyEnin uMbers cao mperbss. 
Maas nanGoxbe JAaiHOH AOAReHL IPHATH MOMCHTS, KOFI OH BM'BCTO 
TOTO, -STOOH ABHTaTb Jaibile Haysky, MbMaeTs ex pasBuTin. Uscxbz0- 
Baie AbacTBHTeIbHOCTH OABMTacTCA YRC TAKS AaseKO, ITO PawEe 
erapo pexykDin craHoBaTca THCHLIMA B TpeOyeTcs HOBH MCTOXS, BS £0- 
TOPOM HAxosATs ce6b mbcTo Goxbe wuporia ycxosia whicTBATeILHOCTS. 

Iipa noMomA BCBXb BHIMeCykasAakHHXb MpoleccosBs, T. e. o606me- 
Hid, adcTpakuig, pexyEuid, cOsqaHb OIE OrpomMHNi xcTopHyeckifi 
MaTepiarb HaykH. Marepiarh 9TOTS COCTOHTb, BO-IOpBHXb, H8b para 
YCTAHOBICHEELXD NOHATIA, RAR, HAllp., MACCH, MaTepiA, CHAN, SHEprig, 
A@TOMOBS, DOTeHiana, Bua HT. J. BO-BTOpHIXh, H8b 8&KOHOBS, BH- 
PaXaWoUHXE TOYO POPMYAMPOBAHHLIA OTHOMeHIA SBIeCHIA MERAY C0- 
60), HalpuMbpt, 38ak0H Nasenia Tbs, 8akOHb OXAamfeHnia, WhicTBiA 
Macch HT. A. Bs-TpeTbuxh, 18> UPHHORMOBS HAH H8S CaMHXS 06- 
MHXb HOxOmeHift, HA KOTOPHXh MOKOATCA BCB 88KOHH, Hallp., UpHE- 
HHS paBeHCTBA akin H peakUiH, UPHHNEOS coxpaneHia oneprih & 
T. X. Bb-wersepruxth, HaKOHeCITb, A8b HAYYHXD [HMOTesb, Kak, HA- 
IpHMbpb, THUOTesH aTOMACTHYecKOH, runoresht Jlanzaca HT. A. OTH 
YeTHpP6 TPyHUN BMBHTh BECbMa He OABHAROBOC SHAteHie Bb CTPOeHIX 
Hayku. [losaTia coBepMeHCTBYNWTCA NOCTOAHHO H ONBAaNTS NOABep- 
KeHH JOATOH oBOAWDIH, EAK OTO CAYIHIOCh, HAUPAMBpd, Cb DOHS- 
Tie CHaH. dakOHH ropasjo ycro#unpbe. Onn HaMb YKasHBawTh 
OCHOBHHA OTHOMeHiA MERAY ABIOHIAMH. OTO HaHGosbe IBHHHA Ma- 
Tepiaxh HaykH H OHD AMbeTS MEPOKCG EPATHIeCKOe NPEMBHOHIC. ITO 
OHH AaWTE HAM BOSMOMHOCTh UpesxBeAbTS Gyxymee. Ho # Onn aMb- 
OTE BHAYCHIG TOILKO UPA HBBBCTHLIXS ycAOBidXS H SABAAWTCA He- 
IpaBHAbHHMA pH Apyraxs *). 





*) <Cb rouxs sphaia, 0 KOTOpOH A TONBKO YTO YyILOMAHYXD (H KOTOpPyD 

A HagOBy HayIHOH ToIKOA spbuis) BcAkiA sakoHb ABIAeCTCH AHS HENOAHOR 

H BpemMeHHOH opMyAOH, HO COBpeMeHeEMh OND AOAKCHBD ONT san bHOHS 

PYTHMS, BHICHIBMS SAKOHOM, OTHOCHTCALHO KOTOparO OH ABIACTCA XHIDIb 

rpy6Hus upoo6pazoms». Ponicaré: La valeur de la science, 251. ,Bcoaxifi 
Ansapp. Orxzban I. | 3 


66 | me EORHC b. 


Mu HHKOra a priori He MOKEMS OTS yBSPeHH, YTO pH UpEMs- 
H@HI 8@KOH&a Kb HOBOMY POY PakTOBS, SHAYHTCILHO OTEAOHAWMLAXCA 
OTh IPCKHAX, OHb TAKS KC OUPABANBACTCH, KAR H PaHbille. Kpomh 
TOTO, BO BCBX 8aKOHAXb OCTb HBKOTOPHH oACMCHTS UPOHSBOAbHOCTH, 
SaBHCaliff OTH TOTO, TO 38KOHH BHBOIATCA UpH abcTpakTHHX® ycs10- 
BIAXb H UCHOBAHH Ha aOCTPakTHHIX NOCHAKAXb. Takh, BO3bMeMS, 
Halp., 8aKOHB DaxeHia Thrb. UWro6W MOAYIBTS CFO Bh TOFHOMS BUS, 
HYXAHO HMBIb BeCAaIbHHIA YCAOBIA SECHePHMCHTAa, KOTOPHA XO CAXb 
NOpb HHEOTa He ObLIH Ha AAO. SAKOHD STOTS, NOSTOMY, HHEOTAa He 
OIE TOUHO Uposbpens. Tasauzeit BHBeIb efO Ha OCHOBAHIH YHCTO 
aOcTpakTHHXt coo6pamenit cxbryWOaMb o6pasomb. Ob UPHHANS 3a 
HCXOAHYWO TOUKY MOTADHSHUeCKIH, NPOHSBOILHHH MpHHNHIb, 10 KOTO- 
poMy upapogxa wbicrByerb pH NOMOMA upocrbimuxs upiemoss (Ted- 
HHYD). TAakHM’t IpocThHINEMS IpieMOM> OPH Dazenin ThAd O4LI0 OH, eci# 
- Obl BS OLHHAROBHC UPOMeRYTEA BPOMCHH NPHOABIAIACh ONHHAKOBAL CKO- 
pocTs mayenia. [px mpocroms akciepuMeHTS Oka3ac0cbh, 4TO coobpa- 
KeHiG 8TO DPHOAASHTeCAbHO BBPHO HB, TAKHME OOpasom’b, YCTAHOBACHD 
ObIAD 8AKOHS, He BCTPSTuBMIA 10 CHXb NOphb AHGEFO NpPOTHBOPbiamaro 
ce6b. Takb xe aOcrpakTHO OWA YcTaHOBICHb AH 8akOHb UPATAReHiA 
That HbWTOHOM'S, 8AKOHD OxXiamxeHia HpwtTona (cMoTpH Mach. Princ. 
d. W&rmelehre) 4 T. 4.; 3aKOHD ABOralpo, uTpawmil cTomb BaxHYW 
pOtb BB TeOpeTHYeCKOA XHMiH H COCTOSIifi BB TOMb, ITO Bb OHHA- 
KOBLIX'S O6bOMAX, IPH TOM’ Ke AABICHIA H TeMUepaTyph, cOlepRATCA 
ONHHAKOBOC YHCAO MOJCKYI'b, HHKOIAA He MOIS ONT SECIOPHMCHTAILHO 
IpOB pers. 

Tb He MeHSe, BC SAKOHH SMNMPHIBH, XOTA UHH H HajeHH pH No- 
MONLH ACY KTHBHEIX'S IPCANOCHAOKS, BO-NepBHX'b, IOTOMY, ITO OHH BOSHE- 
KANT Bb CBS8H Ch ONHTOMb H NOsb BLCIATISHIOMS, OLY TaCMHIMD 
OTb ONHTa; BO-BTOPWX, NOTOMY, ITO OHH TOXBEO TOTAa MOFYTS ONT 
YCTAHOBICHH, KOTNa COFAACyWTCA Cb OUHTOMS, XOTA OH BB UpHOIAE- 
KCHIA; B-TPOThHXb, MOTOMY, ITO OHH WakaWTb, KAR TOALEO OTEPH- 
BaWTCa HOBNe MakTH, MpoTHBophiamie YcTaHOBICHHHM) S8aKkOHAaM®. 
Kaxgnit 8akOHS IPHPOAH MOSTOMY CTAHOBATCA AHMIb TOTS 8AaKOHONT, 
KOTMa €FO MPABBALHOCTh YCTAHOBACHA ONNTOMb Bb OLpOMHOMS KOIH- 
yecTBB cayaaeBb. XoOTA MaTeMaTHIeckad (OpMyAa H MORETE ONTb 
BHBOACHa H8b ASCKBAOBAHIA OJHOTO HAH ABYXD cAywaeBh, THME He 
MeHbe, NOKa He ODPaBsalach BOSMORMHOCTL eH UPHAOMeCHIA MHOTOEpPAT- 
HEIMS ONKITOM'S, 9TO elle He GyzeTs dusHieckift sakon'b. Panbie YaCcTo 
ToxaralH, 4TO ye eTHHHIHHH cayyah MORETL YCTAHOBHTS 3aKOH, 
TAKS KARb OH’ OCHOBHBaCTCA Ha AOTHYeCKOH HeObxoszHMOcTH. Ho sro 
cTaphit palioHaxHsMb, OTBeprHyYTHH TOUHHMH HaykaMH, Kakb HCTOY- 
HRS MACCH sabryayeniff. 

Bs rbcHoit cBaSH Cb 8aKOHAMH CTOATS HaywHbe NpHAnANH. Ipus- 


YACTHHH sakOHb OyseTd BCOrAA HMI DPHOANSHTeC-ILAHIMb H BBPOATHBIMD”. 
Tam xe, 261. 


KPHTHKA HAYWHNXS DONATE. 67 


HOH 3TH OTYACTH BHTCKANTE BSB 3aKOHOBb AH COCTABIAWTS IHIb 
o6niys HOpMyIHPOBEY HX, CB ApyTOoH CTOPOHH, OHH Clymars NyTe- 
BOAHTCISMH PH H8CIBAOBAGIH UpApoAH H ONperbseHin ea SAaKOHOBS. 
Henoxoxe6HMOcTh UPHHIMNOBh CBA8aHa Cb HENOKOIEOHMOCTLND 8ako- 
HOB H, HaO6opoTh, KoOeOanie NPHENANOBS BAeYeTH 3a COOOW KOxC- 
Ganie uu, 00 Kpaitne mbpb, orpanayenie ipumbuenia saxonoss. Obmie 
IPHHUMMH ABOTL HanpaByenHie Haye. Onn kakb OW YKASHRANTS NYT 
HSCYBAOBAHIA, YCTpanas GesHasemAYH saTpatTy CHIb Ha jAOCTHReRIC 
HEBOSMOSHHXS bref. On He CaM BHIBOJCHH pH aGCTPARTHHIXS 
YCHOBIAX, H TORe He aGCOAWTHH, a 10 AsBBCTHOR cTeleHH ycIOBHH *). 

Bostwemb Aad UpHMbpa UPHHOANS coxpanenia onepriu. Ipaanans 
STOTE HMBETS OFpoMAoe BHaVeHie BE HaykK'S H CA IPARTHIeCKOM) NDPH- 
xomenin. Bcb dusnueckie, xuMaveckie, MexanH4eckie w dusioxora4ye- 
CKIO SAKOHH CTOATS Bh COTMacid Ch HHM'b, XOTA OOXSINBHCTBO B3B 
HHXD HW OWAO YCTAHOBACHO HeESABHCHMO OTS Hero. Tbhws He mente 
HayyHoe NosTBepmyenie ero ele He BIOIHS SakoH4yeHO. BL Hayarb 
IPHEUHOS STOTS OHIL UPOCTHMS UpeqooAoReHiem’t, BHBCTOHHHMS Ha 
OCHOBAHIH NOBepXHOCTHATO HabawTeHiA. Tab, usBbeTHO, TO P. Maftep. 
IpHmext BUepBHe Kb BHBOAY, 4TO TeNA0TA WepeXOAuTS Bb MOXaHH- 
YECKYH, KAR OH BHPARAIcd, CHAY, HA OCHORAHIA HpocToro HabmD- 
JeHia Hax> OKpackOH EPOBM Y AHTIIHCEHXS MATPOCOBS BO BPCMS HXb 
mpeOrBakid NOXb TPOUnKaMH. TOTh PakTh, ITO upH paBHo# pa6bors 
HOE TPOMHEAMA H OMA H IPH OMHAKOBHXS OCTAIbAHXD ycr10Biasxs, 
ClopaHis Bb KPOBH OHIO NOXS TPOUBKAMH MECHBIMNG, HATOAKHYI> 6FO Ha 
MHCIb, YTO MEHLY MexaHnuecKoH paboToH Hu pasBHBaemMoH TenxoTO#, 
JOZKHO OuTS NOcTOsHHOe OTHOMeHIe. Ye BnOCABACTBIN OnAH HaszeHH 
SEBHBAICHTH TeMIOBOH, MCXAHHIECKOH, SACRTPHYCCKOH H T. A. OHEpris. 
Bb HacTosmee BpeMA UPHHAMAeTCH, ITO CYIMECTBYWTS ABIeHIA, HECO- 
raacyeMiia ¢b UPHHOANOM, cOxpaneHia oHeprix, kakb, Halpum'bpt, 
HOCTOMHHOC BHSIeKIe TENACTH PaioakTHBHHMA ThiaMH. SBACHIA OTH 
OObACHAWTCA BCOOMOPATCABHHIMK TeEOPisMH H TOIEO TakEMb OOpasomh 
IPHBOAATCA BH corzacie Cb OCHOBAHMS IpPHHWHnOMb. Takb, Bb HAa- 
Memb ipumbpb, W. Ramsay yrsepxiaers, uTo pasifi NpoHsBOAMTL 


*) ,Korza xaKof-2860 ZQKOHB NDOAYIHAS AOcTAaTOWwOS NMOATBepRTeEHIe 
NYTCM®S OWLTAa, ME MOMCMDL SAHATL OLHY H3b ABYXD DOsHMA: HAH NOABEpr- 
HYTD Cro JasbHbAmuMs AcoLTaHiaM®s (laisser cette loi dans Ja mélée); torza 
OHD OYACTS HOLACHATS NOCTOARHHIMD NPCBSPKaM’s, KOTOPHA, HOCCOMASHAHO, Bb 
KOHIFS KOHIOBS JOKAKYTS, ITO OHD OHA IHW UPHONHsHTeAbHO BSpewt; — 
HHH XC MEL MOMCMS BOSBRICHTL CTO BL npunyuuns, OOCTABIAA CFO TAKHEMH 
YCHOBISMH, pH KOTOPHXD anHoe Upernonomenie 6yeTh HeCOMHBHHO BBp- 
HHMB, Jud aTOro yoorpedasetca BCeryqa OHHD H TOTE xe Upiems. [epBona- 
Y2NbHHA 8akOHb BHIPaKalb OTHOMeHIe MexTY TByMA TorwMaA Haxramy (faits 
bruts) A a B; Meaxyy OTHMH JBYMA TOAHIMA QAKTAMH H BBOAATS OTBUCICH- 
BH woepexesymuria daxtopp C, dakToph Gombe nxn MeHe OHKTHBHBIA. 
Torma MH DOXyYaeM OHO OTHOMeHIe mMexay A au C, KoTOpoe MHI MOKeMD 
CYHTATL i a TOUHHM H KOTOPOS ABAACTCA NDUNYUNOMs H Apyroe OTHOMEHIe 
MeORIY u B, Koropoe ecTb sakont, no_Nemamif nposbprb*. Poincaré. La 
Val. d. L Science. 239. =e 


68 mW KROREC S. 


TCHAOTY BO BPeMA NEPeXOAA HSb OAHOTO COCTOAHIA BB APyroe (TpaHc- 
(opmanin) BL THCATY pash cHibHbe, Thm BCH HOBBCTHHNA HAM XO 
CHXB Dopb Thaa. Kycoxb paid acveplaeTb TakHMh OOpasoMh CBOM 
SHEpriW AHMb BB 1250 xbrs. | 

Takis H TOMY NOJ0OBHA BCHOMOTaTeAbHHA WpeqnoxomeHia H THI0- 
TeSH YNOTPEOAAWTCA OYHS JACTO Bb HAYES, KOLA NOMBAAWTCH PakTH, 
NpoTHBOpbiamlie rxzaBHOMY o0s0xeHin. Takt, Halpumbps, o6mumh 
IPHHIHIOMD XHMiIH H OCHOBAaHiCMD CA TeOpeTHaecKOH MocTpokEA sB- 
AHe€TCH NOAOMEHI€, ITO XHMHYCCKA PasAHIHHA Thia HMBWTS H pas- 
HYHHH oxeMeHTapHHA cocrapb. Ho okashiBaeTca, ITO HBROTOPHA, pas- 
.1HUHHSA 00 CBOHM XHMBUCCKEMS CBOMCTBAMb, Tha HMBOTh OFHAKOKO 
OAHH@KOBHH oACMCHTAPHHH coctaBb. Torja, ITO6H He HapyMAaTh 06- 
Maro UPHHNANa, CcossaeTcA FHNOTesa B80OMOPHHOCTH AH AXIOTPOUI XH- 
MHUCCKHXE ThIb. Kowewko, MOKHO ce6b UpescTaBATh Takoe NoAOReHIS 
Belle, IpH KOTOPOMS H& JOAW STHXD BCKAW CHI NpHMIAach OW rxaB- 
Had pOlb H TOFM& OHH CAYHHAA OH OCHOBAHieMS JAA MPHHDUOOBS, 
MiaMeTpaIbHO passHIHHXb OTh COBPeCMeHHHX+. 

O6mie UpHAnHOoH—eTo BHCWad TOWRA HAYEH, YTocnosxCTByWMas 
Hab BCBMH @akTaMH H HX OTHOMeHiauH. Ch sTo# neHTpambHolt 
TOURH MHICXb YCXOBBYCCKAA OXBATHBACTE ABICHIA H AhAaCTh CBON 
BHEOIW Oo G6yzymemb. Kaxjni IpHHOuIb ANBeTh XapakTepb BCe- 
OODIHOCTH H UPHMBHACMOCTH KO BCBMS ABACHIAMD DPHPOAW AanHaro 
HOPAAKA, KAKS, HANPHMS)P'S, IPHAQAUS paBencTBa AbicTBiA A DPOTHBO- 
xbiicTBis, NPHANANS COXpaHeHia oHepri, OPHANUNS HAaHMeHbINALO CO- 
UpoTuBsedia a T. A. Ha ycraHopaeHie 4xXb oTpeOoBasoch 4pesBH- 
ywafino MHOFO ycHXifi, Kakb, HAaUpuMbpb, AIA WOCKBAWHXD ABYXE, CBS- 
SAHHHXD Cb TAKHMH HMeHAMH, KaKE R. Meyer, Helmholtz, Thomson, 
Joule w eme pasbme D‘Alembert, Maupertius, Gauss. 

Yncro UPHBWHOOB, Bb Haykb He BeluKO. Bb Ghusukb wacuATH- 
BACTCH HX BCerO DAT. YBeanyenie WHcxa AXd OHNO OM HE ITbIe- 
eooOpasHHM. Cb TOUKH spBbHiA WeHTparAHsali Hallero 3HaHif BB BA- 
aX S9KOHOMIH MHIDIZCHiX. OTH NSTb UPHAIAUOBb: Opa Car- 
not (eHTponin), MPHHIHOb OTHOCHTeAbHOCTH BCSXE aBaenift, Hswro- 
HOBCEIA MPHANHNS paBeucTBa AhitcTBI A DpoTuBORbACTBIA, IpHALHITS 
Lavoisier—coxpaHeHia BemlecTsa a UpHHanunb Meyer’a—coxpaHenia 
sHeprin. Hecmorpa Ha BCe HX sHayeHie A RaxyMywcsa HesHOAeMOCTD 
EXb, BCh OBH Bb HACTOSMeO BpeMA NOKOeCOACHH BL CBOHXD OCHO- 
BAaHigXh, YKASH Bad HAM elle pasb Ha Ifpexosamee sHayenie BCH- 
KHXD Teopifi H H&A MaTKOCTh BCHEHXD forms. EcTh PaxTH, ropopamiie 
IPOTHBS BCHXB OOMECIPHAATHXS UpHHNuNOBS. Takuma akTaMH 4SB- 
AAWTCA TAKS HashibaeMne PeHoOMeHH Brown’a. OHH COCTOATS Bb TOMS, 
GTO MHEPOCKONHYCCKIA H YALTPAMHKPOCKONHGCCKIA WACTHYEH TBCPAHXS 
TbAb Bh RHIKOCTAXS A [asaxh HAaXOAATCS Bb NOCTOAHHOMS [BHKe- 
Hi, HE DOyWad, NOBHIJBMOMY, HH OTKYJa oHepria Aaa eTOrO ABHReHIA. 

To xe MH BHJBMD Bb PasioakTHBENXS ThAAX'b, KOTOPHA I0CTOAHHO 
TepAWTS 9Hepriw, IPH YeMS OTA VHEPlid He ABAAeTCA UpeBpameniews 


- 


KPHTMKA HAYYWHXD NORATTH. 69 


Kagoi-xH60 ApyroH# oneprin: HA o2eKTpHYecKOH, HH XHMHYCCROH, BE 
remszo0Bol, HA MexaHmyeckOH. (Cm. nogpoOHoe wax0menie STHX ak- 
Tost y Poincaré: La Valeur de la science. Crise actuelle de la phy- 
sique mathématique, 180). 

Bea 8Ta YCAOBHOCTS H IPOHSBOIbHOCTh HAYYHHXD WocTpvenifl ro- 
BOPETS IPOTHBD AOcOAWTHOCTH HXb. I[BHHOCTS HX 8AaKAWGUACTCA He 
Bb HHXS CaMHX', EAKb TAaKOBHXt, & Bb THXb PakTaxhb H BD Toi 
OpicHTHPOBES BL OKPYXAaWMeMS Hach Mipb, KOTOPYO MH NOAYIAOMS 
pH DoMomH uxt. Tags, Poincaré ropopeT, cxbaywmee: <Ha o7na 
Teopia He mpesctaBadsach Ooxrbe ZocToBbpHos, whan Teopia Fresnel’s, 
KOTOPSH IPHIHCHBara cBSTS ABHxeHiaNE oupa. Osakome Tellepb 
efi mpequowntawTs Teopin Maxvell‘a. SHayaTb 4AM 8TO, ITO TBOpeHie 
Fresnel’a He siwwbio HHgako# mbaHocTH? Bosce #bTS, MOTOMY 4TO 
bapw Fresnel’a He OO y3HaTb, CyMecTByeTh JH aPupb Bb CaMOMd 
Kbxb, He NOCTPOCHb AH OHS Sb ATOMOBB HIH ABHAYTCH 1H OTH 
ATOMEL Bb TOME HAH APyrOM® Hanpapsenin. []babw ero OHO npes- 
BEASTS onTHieckia aBseHia. Teopia ero Takase XOpPOMIO CAYRATD Te- 
Hepb AuA oTOH mbH, RAK H paHbie, XO Teopia Maxvell’a. udde- 
peHiiasbHia ypaBHenia Bcerga BbpAH. Wx Bcerqa MOKHO HHTerps- 
popats ThMH oe cuoco6amu H PesyALTATH OTOTO HHTerpHpoBaHia BCerAS 
COXPaHAWTE CBOC SHayeHie». 

Iipusegennnf syécbh Hamu mpamMbps Teopia Fresnel’a orHocnTca 
HO TOIBKO Eb Teopid Boome, HO H CHeMiaxbHO Kb HBKOTOPArO pore 
THNOTeSaMS, YROTpeOsseMHME wacTO HayKol. T'umotresh ord AMBDTS 
SBHYD IXbXb SAMBCTHTE BHABMYN FHHCTBHTCXBHOCTS OOBEETAMA 4 IIpO- 
Te@ccaMH BHCMaro nopsyza. Ob cTpeMATCA co8laTb HOBOe Upexcta- 
Baenie (Anschauung) 0 rpynuaxt aBaenifi u1m Jame O bros MipsB *). 

BosbMemb, HalpaMbpt, aTOMHCTHYCCKYH TrHnOTesy, MCXAHHYCCKYD 
Teopiw cBBTa, TeMACTH H SACKTPHYCCTBA, HH THUOTe38y BHXPeBLIXs 
xpuxenifi epupa no Helmholtz’y a Thomson y, kaneTuyeckyw Teopip 
rasoBb, ranoresy Kant-Laplacea a tr. 7. Bcb onb crpematca coszars 
H@ TOXBKO HOBHA MOHSTIS, HO H HOBHE OOBCRTH HX, T. 6. HOBHIA 
aBienia losagu AbictBuTexbHOcTH. [potash m0ab30BaHia THOTesaMs 
IPH HAyTHOME H8CIBAOBAHIH HAYETO HeIbBA BOSPASHTL Cb KPATHC- 
ckoH TOUKH spbHia. Ob cTaHOBATCa AMMb TOra BpeAWHMH IAs 
HAayKH H Hallero Mipopossphuia, KOrAa HM OpAtaercaA a6coswTHO pe- 
@NLHOG SHAYeHIG, T. 6. KOTAAa 8AOHBACTCA HMCHHO BX THMOTETHYHOCTS. 
Takb CXYUHIOCh Ch aTOMHCTHYecCKOH a MexaHnuecKoH Teopich BB 
asHxb uw xumin. Hayanoe awscrbzopagie expa-1H MoMeTS BOObME 


*) <Ml yBHXHMS TAKRKe, ITO CYMECTBYeTh ABCKOALKO BAJOBb FHOTest; 
Yo OHS THUOTe3H MOFYTD OHITS UPOBSpeBH H, DOLYIHBMIA HOATBepReHie 
Ha OUTS, OHB CTAHOBATCA UAOAOTBOPHHMH HCTHHAMH; TOrQa KAaKb Apyria 
YHDOTCSHI, HC OOMAHHBaA HACh, MOFyTb OHTb HAMS UONe3HH, IHIb PHKCHpYA 
HAally MEICIb; ITO, HAKOHEIb, HBKOTOPHA H8b HAXD ABNAWTCA PADOTesaNy 
XHIO® 00 BHIHMOCTH, & Ha CAMOMD ABAB OND CBOIATCA Kb OupeRbACHIAMD 
NXH SAMACKEPORAHHHIMS ycuoniaus”. Poincaré. La scienoe et l"hypothess, p. 2. 





70 me ROR E 4S. 


o6ofitach 6e8% ranotess. Ipm nmoMOMH MX} COCTABASeT¢d Kakh ON 
IpexBapHTerbHoe O6oGmeHie, H BPpeCMCHHO OHS MOLYTS OEASATL TAKYD 
#6 YCAyry Hamel MHCAN, KAKb H BCAKOG Apyroe OOoOmenie; nosTomy 
Kaswad YHTOTesa XOpOMa, eCCIH OH HCHONHSCTS STy pom. Cospe- 
MeHHOH EPBATHKOH HACTOABKO yHO BHACHEHS BONPOCS O SHAYOHIA IH- 
NOTeSb, YO HBKOTOPHe YICHHe COMHBBAWTCA BL HeOOXOAHMOCTH 
wetazpHok paspadoTsH KaxjoH ranotesH. Mach ropopurs, HampE- 
MBpb, ITO BCO PaBHO, Kako ranoTesoH MH OH HH D0ABS0BAZHCh BS 
(USHERS, HYXHO AHS NPOBBPATh pesyALTATH wBcKbAoRania Up 10- 
MOIMM HeIUCpeACTBCHHALO ONHITSa H YSCHATE CeGb, KARAS FACT Hame;ro 
SHAHIA BMBETL peatbHoe sHAaweHie, @ KAKAM THNOTeTMYeCKOS. “ 


VY. 


Vitaxs, pascMoTphst Bech TeOpeTHuecRifi apceHarS HAYEE BB 
OOMHX YepTaxhb, MH AOIMKHH UPEATR Kb SAMMI, ITO HAYES 
HG JaeTb HAM, H HO MOMCTS ath HHO whitcrsaTexbHOCTH, ThW> Ta, 
KOTOpad Wepexs HAaMHMH TiasaMH; OHA He MOMCT <OOLACHATL> 9TY 
(BHCTBHTCALHOCTD, HO MOXCTh AHBIB8HPOBATh 06 H PAaSkOMHTS HA 
CKPHTH@ S1OMCHTH, EAR KAaKOH-HHOYAb YacoBOH MexaHHaMs. Bcd 00- 
AOMCHIA OM OTHOCHTCILHH H BSPHA TOABKO UPH ESBACTHHXS OrpaHy- 
YCHHHIXE yclOBiaxs. Boa TeopeTH¥eckad ocTposika eA eCTh XPeaBH- 
qaHHO HCKYCHad H HCKYCCIBOHHad EDPYHOBHA IVb, COTKAHASA EVD 
NOHATifi JEM YAOBACHIA HOBHXS (akTOBb ABACTBUTEILHOCTH EH IPYU- 
NHPOBEH Bb Hamlet MHCAIH YC HSBBOTHNXD ABICHIA. Camm ae OTH 
ABICHIA OCTANTCA HETPOHYTHMH HaykOH. Mul He pasaHyaeMb Bb HAXD 
HHEAKHXS APYTHXb CTOPOHS, KpoMb ThXd, KOTOPMA BOCIIPHERMAEMS 
HaMIHMH OILYM@HiSMH HONOCPeACTBOHHO HAH XC UPH NOMODIA BACTPY- 
MOHTOBS, YCHIRBAWILAXE HAaWH OpraHH omymexifi. Bcb era cropoHH 
HMSHTD Bb FHHCTBHTCABHOCTH OAHHAKOBOS SHAYeHIe. HTS Bb HHXS HH 
BAKHHXS, HH MAIOBAKHNXE PakTOpOBS. To Ke MH MOROMS CKasaTb HO 
BceH COBOKYOHOCTH ORpya#aWmlaro Hach Mipa. MH. BAAUMS BOEPYT 
ce6a MAaCcy OTYBIBHHXS aBsenilt w Belle, MMBIOIIEXE KAI0C CBOE 
CaMOCTOATeIBHOS BHATEHIC. Kaws0e HSb BUX HO COCTABAACTh KakKOk-TO 
¥acTH IBAarO BHCMAarO MOpAska, & BERETS caMocTOATembHOe OuTie. 
Ecxz panbile, Bb J0-KpHTH¥eCKOe BpeMa, SBSCTHHH pAb aB- 
AeHifi pagcMATPEBAacd, KAR HbITO Wbx0e, MOCTOXHHO H3MBEHA- 
jMeecsd BO BPeMCHH H IPOCTpaHcTBB Bb CBOHXS BHBIMHEXD MposB- 
xeHiAxXt, TO Teepb Upio6pbraeTb cymlecTBeHHOe BHayeHie MOMEHTS 
HacTosjiaro. Bos CyTb J€KHTb Bb STOM MOMOHTS CHUHHIAHXD ABIC- 
Hif, Bb HX HHAHBHAyaxbHOCTH. Bch saBAeHIA COCTOATD OfHAaKORE 
BE BSBBCTHOM SAaBHCHMOCTH OHO OTS Apyroro H OTS BCBXD BMBCTS. 
GaBHCHMOCTh 8T& ONATb-TAKH He MHCTHYCCKAS, & BHpakawilasca Bb 
H8BBCTHHXS nepembuaxb Bb BellaxXh H Okpyxanmeh cperb, up” 
HONS Cb HaMbHEHieMS ONHOTO HeMBHAeTCA H ApyToe. SaBHCHMOCTS BTA 





KPATHKa HAYYHHXS fOHATIM. 71 


GesKOHOYHO CAOMHAAK, CBASHIBANWMAA KaRlee ABICHIC THCHIbW HATCH 
CO BCBMS OCTAaIbHHMD BD MipB. 

Ch uswbueniems Hamero OTHOMCHIA Kb OKPYXAWDDIAMS ABICHIAMS 
WOMBHSeTCA H HAMle OTHOMeHIc Kb OKPYHAWMAMS AWAAME H ED Ca- 
mam ce6b. Jann 1eX0BBED DepectacTS OHITS AIH HAC ABIOHICNE, 
CAOMCHAHME H8b APYTHXS Goxbe OOMMXS HIH DICMCHTAPHHXD ABICHIE. 
ORB Taxoe «6 WhAbHOe H HObRMOe ABACHIC, RAK H BCAKOCC Apyroe. 
OTO HO MOBAHEA Sb PASHNXS MCTOPHICCKHX’S KarTeropit a HallAxt 
NOHATI#, KAKL KNACCh, COCAOBIe, HAaNOHAABHOCTb, BBPa HT. A. H He 
4ACTHDS Yero-TO Apyroro, G6oxbe o6miaro, kakofi-To BHCMeH HHABBE- 
AYANBHOCTH,—oTH BHCWIA HHAHBHAYAABHOCTH CYDICCTBYWTE AHIIb BD 
HallHxX} I0HATIAXS, & HE Bb biicTBaTexbHOcTA. OHS pease Bcero 
H HCEXZNWHTOIBHO JaHHH HaxHBATS:—Ilerpt, Usant, Cemenb,—cy- 
MICCTBO IFBXbHOG H ABTOHOMHOC, XOTH H SABHCAINCC Bb CBOHXD MHI- 
CIAXB H NOCTYNEAXb OTS CBoeh CpeXTH H OT FHMOCTASHpOBAaHAHIX' 
NOHSTIA, SATCMHSWDIMHXS ero caMocosHaHie, Kab AHAHBHTa. Takoe 
oTHOmeHie KB WeOBBKY MH HMBOM Bb HACTOADIee BPOMA JHU BL 
AVUMHXE XYAORECTRCHHHX?S IpOHsbefeHiaxh, Ja Bb HHTHMHNIXE CBS- 
SHXb MCHXY AWAbMH. Kro, Bb CaMOMB BIB, AyMaecTh O KAacch, BbpS, 
HIH HAMiOH@ABHOCTH 110 OTHOMeHIO KB cBOeMY Apyry, Opaty, Myxy 
HAH EB Reb? Hama xysbTypa wxeTS, Oesb COMH'BHIa, BE TOMS Ha- 
HpaBACHiN, ITOOH OMHHD YAOBBRE CTaIb AYXOBHO OxAume Rb Apyrowy. 
YcTpaHAd UPeABBATHA ACH HM NpempascyAKH, OTORBHTaWie sapzeit 
APyrb OTS Apyra, HOBWH BSTasyb NocTaBHTb Ooxbe OxwskO wexOBbEa 
KB YeXOBBEY, JaBad TBM BOSMORHOCTS AYUWle ACHOALSOBATE OoraTcTBo 
H OCOGCHHOCTH Kaxkiaro HHISBHRA. 

Taxoe mipoBosspbHie wwberh OescOpHoO OrpoMHoe MpexwymecTso 
nepexb upexHums. IIpemyze scero OHO He CTOHTh Bb UpOTHBOpbyix 
Cb HAaNIHMS OUNTOME A OxarofapA eTOMy JaeTh Haws Gorbe mpa- 
BHIBHYW OWSEKY OKPYHAWMAXE Hach aBseHift. OmbuABas. 00 XOCTO- 
HHCTBY, Cb OAHOH CTOPOHH, HallH DoBATia, Ch APyrok—oKpyRawnlyw 


‘Hach XBACTBATeIBHOCTS, MH cosxaems ce6b 6oxbe npaBHabHyH opien- 


THPOBEY BS XBHCTBHTCALHOCTH H TARHME O0OPasOMb HABHb Halla CTa- 
HOBHTCH H& TBEPAYN NOIy He CpeAH AaHTOMOBD, CO8XaHAHXS aHTa- 
sief, a cpeAH pealbHHIX’ sBAeHifi. Mw Bb TAKHXS YCAOBIAXh NpaBHusb- 
wae OyAOMS H3OHPAaTh cpescTBa 10 OTHOMeHIW Kb TpeOoBaHiaMS HASH 
H BbpHbe nofjemb Eb WAH, TAKS RAK Kb TOMY H APYIOMY MBI OT- 


Recemca Goxbe cosHaTexbHO, ThMS pakbie. CxAOBOMS, MH CO3,aAEM'b 


INBHHOCIE peSAbHHA, & He @HRTHBHHA, H CcOoodpasHO CB STHMA IVbH- 
HOCTAMH YCTPOHMS MH8Hb Hamly cBoOoxHbe u Ooraye. 

Hosoe mipopossp brie, BEpOCMee Bb CBA8H Cb KPHTHYCCKHM OTHO- 
WeHieMS Kb HAayKS, HE MOMCTS, KOHCIHO, OCTaTHCA Oost BAiaHia H 
H@ caMyW Hayky. [lpexcrapams ce6b uscabsopareas, koTopHf mote- 
PAIb BAPY BL PeOaAbHOCTS TOH NOUBH, HA, KOTOPOH OD BEI 0 CHXB 
Nop’ CBOH HSHICKaHia. Hak& Of MOKETS Ch UPCRHUM ycepsiemt, 
cb TOH xe oHeprieli H Cb Thwb Me YCUBXOMS CTPOHTA CBOH EOMOHHA™ 


732 | x KOBC hb. 


MH aTOMOBb, KOra Hatt HHMD TAFOTberb MOCTOAHHO cosHaHie, ITO 
STHXb ATOMOBL, MORCTB OHITB, H BOBCe HBTS? Hayka, mMepeftya asp 
JOrMaTH4ecKOH ash Bb KPATMYECKYH, KAakb OW NepeRABACTS EDH- 
such. Uctopia yexosbuecko# MICAH MOKa3HBaeTh HAM, ITO EPHTH- 
Yeckad (asa OOHEHOBeCHHO YEASHIBACTS Ha paciazenie JaHHol CHCTeMH 
noHaTif. Hostomy crbayeTh OXBAaTb, ITO H BHHBSIHAR KPHTHUeCKas 
CTaqia BeleTh Kb USMBHCHIN MPeCRHAXS METOJOBL H UpieMOBb HayRE 
H KB CO8{aHiW Yero-TO HOBaro. Haxospa Oyxers aTa HOBaA asa, KOTO- 
pad mocrbayers 38a EPHTHYeCKOH, KOHCYHO, HHETO He MOMeTS Upej- 
€kasaTb Bb TOUHOCTH. TSN He MeHbe yme H Teleph BAXHBHTCA 
HOBHIG TOPHSOHTH H MOHHO YRC paslw4ATh HBKOTOpHE sapornMH 6y- 
AyWMaro Bb HacTOsmem's. 

Takb kakb WbicTBHTeXbHOCTh TOXBEO OJH@ H He ABAReTCA cyMMOll 
SICMCHTOBE H TAaKb KAS OHA, KAR TAROBAK, HE NOMORHTE Abad *. 
TO MHI BUpaBh OXUJATh BB GylymeMb BHpaboTEH, HaysKOh dyHEM.- 
OHAILHHXD MCTOJOBD, BHPAKaW MUX CyHRMOHAALHY!O 8aBHCHMOCTS 
aBieHi OAHOTO OTS Apyroru H OTS Bcbxd BMbcTS. Tenepemnsaa Hayka 
CTPeMHTCA JaTb HAaMb aHalBTHVecKyH uew Mipa. Ors Oynyme# Ha- 
YER MHI MOKCME OMBAATL HHTerpadbHaro NOBATiA Mipa, T. ©. T&KOTO 
NOHSTIXN In TakoH opMyiH, upA KOoTOpoH Ramoe sABXeHie O10 OW 
yHknied nbsaro. KoneyHo, sTO TOABKO Hearb, AOcTAReHIe KOTOpATO 
COUPAREHO Cb HEOGOSPAMEIMH TPYAHOCTAMH, TbM'’b He MeHe BS HACTOS- 
DCM MH BUJAMD MHOFO DONNTOKD AHTErpHpOBaTh Hamme sHavie. OND BH- 
pakabTcs, cb OJHOH CTOPOHH, Bb CTpeMIeRIH JaTb HAM CHHTeSd Ha- 
YEH, Cb Apyroh—sb crpemieHin BEpadoTaTh Bb TOWLIXh H&yRaXb 
yHEDIOHAIbAHH MeTors. Kpynuifi Mars Bb sTOME HalpaBaenin crb- 
xaia usHueCKad XuMia Bb nb Willard’a Gibbs’a, cosfapmaro «y4e- 
wie 0 dasaxb». 

Yueuie vTO CTABATS Bb YHEMIOHAABHYW CBASb AAHHOS COCTOAHIG 
Thia ch @H38HIECKHMH akTOpPaMH H PasCMATPHBACTS TO H Apyroe 
BabcTb, kakb Bapinpywmee mbr0e. Bb caasn cb atof Teopiel xH- 
muks Wald pascmaTpuBaeTh XuMHUeCKIA ABIeHis, HCXOJH He HSB 
NOHATIA OACMCHTOBE H aATOMOBS, & H3S NOHATIN OCHUBHHXB TBIB, 
KARL GacTeli Hallero HeNOCpeACTBeHHATO OMLITA, KAR, Halip., BOSAYXa, 
BOAH H T. I., PasCMaTPHBad HXb Bb CBON, OYeEpedb EARS ash Tbi- 
@TBHTCILHOCTH. BoshMeM’t, HalpaMbps, Boxy. Cb usmbyeuiems Temile- 
paTypH OHA DepeXoAHTS pH TOM Ke TaBIeHih Bb AeXb, KAAKOCTS, 
Wapb H Aaabme Bb CMBCh KMCIOpONA Hu BONOpoza. Hbrb HHEAKOTO 
OCHOBaHig pasCMaTPHBaTb eTy NOCIbAHWH Masy cb Apyro# Tow sps- 
wis, abMb Apyria*). Ke GHcay TakHxXb Re CYHEMIOHAALHHXDE MOTO- 


- 


*) XopomeH wampctTpanieh 228 9TOTO BSrAAAAa CHYRATh TAKKe NocAbA- 
Hid uscubyz0Bania xumuka Ramsay’a Hadb UpeBpalexieMb oMaHalin paris. 
OxasnipaeTca, 4TO rexifi, HeOHD, aproHb, a TakKe MBAL H UHTIA,—Tb1a cb 
BOUOAHS OUperbIcHHHMBL XapakTepOMb XHMHYCCKHXD VICMOHTOBh, ABIADTCA 
TAKOBLIMH JIHIUb Bb CBA3H Cb TOM cpezoh, Bb KOTOPOH OHH HAXOZATCA: OMa- 
Ballia pawia BL OpHKOcHOBeHiH Cb KHCIOPOAOME HAH BOJOPOAOMS AAeTE re- 


RPRTEKA HAYYHMX>) HORATHS. 73 


JOBb HYXHO OTHCCTH HK TOTb, KOTOPHH nperszaraeTs B. Avenarius aia 
NCHXOAOTiH H KOTOPHH OHD HasHBaeTE HME METOJOMD Bapianifi. Ons 
COCTOHT Bb TOMS, ITOOH AQHHHE EOMIACKCH ICHXOAOTHYCCKAXD gB- 
xzeHifi HSCIBAOBaTLh Bb HX HB8MBHEHIAXS, KAR HyHEDIn HeMbHAD- 
MHXca Giox0THIeCKHXS PakTOPOBb—UDHTaHiA H pacoTH. 

OueprerwyeckOe PASCMaTpHBaHie @ASHICCKAXS H XHMHUCCKAXS 
ABICHIi IPeACTABAACTE TARR Warb Boepexb 10 cpaBHeHin cb aTo- 
MHCTSUCCREME H MOXAMHYECKHMS, TAKH RAED OHO BHBOAHTS OCHOBHHG 
SQ&KOHH, HC pelylupys BCBXS KayecTBS sABIeHif Kb OHMS MOXAHE- 
TeCKEMD. 

Aambile, Kb TAKEMS HC 8a4aTkKaMh HATerpasd3Na BL HAYES HYHHO 
HPHYACIETS H CTpeMAeHie COUeTaTS Aad NOARbAMaro ONNCaHia aBAe- 
Hiff ABB HAYKH, WexMid AO CHXS NOPb OTTBA‘HO, EARS DASHRY A 
XBMiD, @HSHKY H NCHXONOFIW, NCHXOAOTIM H AUFHEY, MATOMATHEY E 
XOrHky (AOTHCTHEA), OcHxox0rim Ho dasioxorin HT. A. Hamgaa 28s 
STHXD HAYES HCXOAHIA HS OTABALBHXL ONPONBICHHNXS OTBICYeHIM 
u paspaOaTHBala HX DOposHb, CBOHMH MeTOZaMH. Kaazag HayEa pas- 
paOaTHBata CBOH NOHATIA, YACTO HECOTAACHMHIA Cb DOHATIANH Apyro# 
HayKH, TaKb, HalpHWbpb, aToM, dusnieckifi a xHMH eCKI, BBCEOABRO 
PasIHIHHXS oPHPOBS HT. J. COCAHHAA PAasXHIHHe MCTOAH Bb OHO, 
Hayka WCHTPAAHSHPyeTh CBOH NOHATIA H IPHTOTOBASETS NOWY AAA 
GyAymaro cuHTesa. OTa HOBAd \Hayka, BHPOCMad H3b cTapoH ors 
Buiadiew: ux0copcko# EpHTHEH, 6yleTh UMETS TO DPCHMYDIECTBO 
nepexS upexHeil, TO OHA OCBOOOAATCA OTE MeTA@HSHEA H He 6yzeTb 
GOAbIIC CTOSTS BS UPOTHBOPhuin cb HAallHMh ODHTOMDS. 

Thwb He MeHBC H OHA, AAbad HON HHTeCrpalbeyw wyew Mipe, 
H@ MOXCTh 8aMBHHTE ABicTBHTeALHOCTH, XOTH OH OHA H AOCTATIA Bb 
€n0eML pasBHTiH BXeaza. CHHTeTHUeCKad Hayka JacTb HAMS Oorbe 
HPAaBBAbBYW OpPicHTHPOBEY Bb ABACHIAXD UpoMAaro, HacTOAMaro # 
6yaymaro, HO saBIeHia caMH 0 ce6B OcTaHyTCa Ald Hach TSMH He, 
KAEL H Teleph. Takumb o6pas0Mb Bb Hamel musHH Haya OYACTS 
BIpaTh Bcerqa BIOPOCTeueHHYW porb opyzia. Cama xe mMuBHb Hale 
GyxeTh BCerAa UpoTekaTs cpexu AbAcTBHTeIbHOCTH, BBInO HOBOH A 
phuno TBopamel. Y Hea mi ‘OyeME BCOrAa YeplaTh Ham CTHMYIH 
H MOTEHBM NM BD HOH Oyxem> cTaBHTL ce6b HOBHZ Salah MN HOBMA 
Kb. 

HK. Hognos. 


Se Ee 





aif, Bb NPHKOCHOBCHIN HAH PACTBOPOHNAN BE BOK NATE HOOD, COOPANHAL 
Bb HACMINLCHHOMb pacTBOoph MBAHArO KyoOpoca WaeTh Apronb, UpH OMB 
Mb) BL UPHcyTCTBin oMAHAaAniH Mpespamaetca Bb AHTIA. CIOBOMb, KauI0e 
XHMHYOCKOG THIO MOMOTS OBITh pasCMATPHBACMO, KAKB HBBBcTHAR asa 
cTrosad Bb #YHRTiOHAABHOA BaBHCHMOCTH OTB OKpyxanulef cpean. (Natur- 
wissenschaftliche Rundschau, 1907, p. 415, Ne 82). 


POKOBHA CHIBI. 


Pemans Cyemasa aps Tetiepemana. 
Tlep. A. BpymGepra. 


ee 


I. 


Oxe lerbMb OHS NPCMOMABATeHOMb Bb ONHOMH H8b cpel- 
HUXb yueOHHXE sapezeHi CroxrompMa. KB Hayany Haliero 
pasckasa OD OHIb YNOBBKES yRe cpeqHHXb Whrs. Kpatniti 
CBOOONOMHICIADH 10 CBOMMD yohmneniaus, OH HeCOMH'SBHHO 
IIpHHaNeKkalbh Kb TBM IWLAMS, Ha KOTOPHXb Dapria MOKeTh 
BCeLSIO NoNORATECA. Pash BUpadoTaHHHMS yObReHisAMb OBB 
6HIb SBpeHb HH 6OHI0 HECOMH'BHHO, ITO OHS OCTAHETCH MM'b 
BRPeHS 10 camo cMepTu. ONS OHI BLPeHS CBOMME [pPy3baM, 
BBpeHs cBoeMy Jomry, BBpeHdb cBoeH menb, BBPeHb CBOHMD 
yOBxieHiaME—9TOTO HHKTO He MOI OTPHUATb 3&8 HAM. A 
9TO YX MHOFO 3HAatHTdb. OND OHI YNOBBKS WCTH,—TAaKOBO 
6HI0 oOmee MHBHie, KAKL MYRIMNHD, TAK H XEHMHAD, ITO 
TAKKe 38HaIHTh HE MAJIO. 

Bp ronoph Oxe lenbma apHib crporifi DopanoKks; Tams 
HeJIb8d OHNO HATOXKHYTTCA HH Ha 4TO HeOauAAHHOe. MomeTh 
OHITh, CMY UPHcyma OHA HBKOTOPRA TARENOBBCHOCTS MHCIH, 
MOKETD OHT, TAKE KPYFos0ps ero OHI HE OCOOeHHO WMAPORD. 
3a TO OHS MHCHHIDB BCErMa NOPMYHO H ACHO, H ero ray6oro 
YeCTHHH XapakTepb, Bb CBA3H CO BCeH ero CHMMAaTHYHOH Ha- 
TypoH, MOMOIb eMy OOHTECH UBB BCTHArO NoN0KeHIA Bb 06- 
mecTBS BOWpeRH yKpbUMBMeHcA 38 HUMb Cb WHOCTH penyTa- 
Ind pagqukasa. 

Oke IenbMb CaMb TYBCTBOBAITE Ce6A CTOPOHHHROM'S CBOOOLH 
Bb C&MOMB COBPeMCHHOMS CMHCIB ITOFO CrOBa. ONAN OCTPARS 
pasb HasBasb ero ,JIbBO-HAaCTPOCHHHME KOHCePBaTOPOM“, H 
Bb 9TOH HPOHHYeCKOH KIHIKS, HECOMH'BHHO, OHI0 8CPHO HCTHHH. 
Bo BCAKOMb CJlyyab He TAKD-TO Jerko 6HHO BHOUTD leabMa 
W3b ero O6OHUHOH Koen. Cb HeloKone6HMOH NocrbaOBaTenb- 


POROBHIS CHAR. 75 


HOCTSD MleXb OHS NO TOMY UYTH, KOTOPHHA OD CITA BEp- 
HHMb, H TAKS KAKS MBBHb CTABHAA OMY Wis paspbolenia He 
OCO6eCHHO-TO MHOFO 6NOSRHHXE BOMPOCOBh, TO OWE pasdupalca 
BE HHXb CpaBHETeIbHO OucTpo. [pHHaniema Bb TeopiH Kb 
BBIHO HEYAOBNETBOPCHHHIM'S, OHS HA IPaKTHKS IIH LOBOUb- 
HHH 00 OOMeMy TeYeHiN COBpeMeHHOK RHGHH, H& ROTOPyW CMO- 
TPBIb Cb COOKROMHHME ONTHMHSMOMS, KaKb WH WONOOaeTh WeO- 
BBEY Uporpecca uw 6yxymaro. 

Kora CeroiHa On'> BHIMCIS H3b CBee KBAPTUPH Bb OOIBMOMD 
yrooBoMs AoMB wa Jipottmarckoh yuan, ero BHuMaHie OHIO 
IpwBNeIeHO TOMNAMH CIBMAMXS Kyla-To uoAek. Ha rpyaH HXb 
Kpacopasmcn padovie 3HaqdKH, H OHH CO BCBXB CTOPOHD WBIHMA 
MACCAMH YCTPeMISAHCL Kb UAPKY, PUB DONKeHS ONE coOpaTsca 
MHOTOINTHHH padovit Koptemb. [loubsyach cBOOOJHHMD OTb 
ZaHATIN WHemb, Oxe lenbMb YCKOPHIS Mara H CMMICA Cb 06- 
IMM Teieniemb. JIWNH ABHTaNHCh TOMAaMH, KOTOPHA Cryma- 
HCh y QMpKa Hw Wanexo 3a HEMD. BB BeceHHeMb BOaTyXb 
pasBBBaIHCh 3HaMeHa pa6ovel apamin. 

Kasaxoch, CaMH YIHIH pHi Bb WBumeHie: TAKS ryctTo 
KHUrbiH OfB YeNORBIeCKRMA TOMMAMH. Kakt 6H HAlpaBIAeMHe 
OXHOH oOmjei Bone, MY2RYHHH H MeHOIMHH CTpeMHJINCh Kb 
OMHOMY MBCTY-—Kb OTKPHTOH W0MayA Depeyb WHPKOM’, Ko- 
Topad Bce O6ombme Hw OONbMe NOKPHBAaNach DIME; 8'bCb 
MACCQ Ch MHHYTH H& MHHYTY CTAHOBHNACh Bte rye, TAakb 
YTO IPHUOLIOCh BHICTPOHTbCA Bb JAHHHBIC TEMHHE pATH Ha 60- 
KOBHES YIHWaXb, LYWMH PACXOAMBIIHXCA OT 9TOFO OTMAaANeH- 
Haro IyYHERTA. 

IeIbMb YTYBCTBOBATE, KAaKS OCB BACT ero BCE BTO TBHKE- 
Hie, KaKb sapaxaeTb ero HOCHIMeecaA Bb BOSLYX'S OyuleBsenie. 
OH Mpomledb Bech OpoOh H BHABAL, OTKY MA CTCKAABCH TONNH: 
9TH MYXYHHH H XCHIIMHN CIYCKAIUCh Cb XONMOBb lO*KHArO 
pexMBcThs, NOWHMAIHCh Cb KyKcroxpMa, ‘OI 48h XYLMIHXD 
KBapTaloBh ,CHOHPH“, H8b BCeH TOH FacTH Topona,—HopmanbMa 
H OcTepMAJIbMa,—KoTOpad emle He DOKPHTa MarasHHaMy, TOp- 
TOBHMH 38BO,eHifMH H POCKOINHHMH JOMaMH. TpamBan 61H 
lrepenouHesH. TS, KTO He JOcTarb MBcTa, ULI N'BIIKOMS, pas- 
6pocaHHHMH TpyYUUaMaA HH CTPOMHHMH PAaMH Cb KpaCcHHMA 
3HaMeCHAaMH BITepesH. 

Bo raph coms0sb Mita MysnRa. Ilo wcuy Hw ACKYCCTBY 
MY3HKAHTOBL MORHO OHIO CYIHTS 06% SKOHOMHMYCCKOM®E M0J0- 
xKeHiH TOK HIM WpyroH upodeccix. Tanorpady wu ManMHOcTpon- 
TelbHHe padovie NWI Cb UBIHMM OpKeCcTpaMH, KOTOpHe Npo- 
HSBONHIH BileywaTIbHie BOCHHHXS MY8HKAHTOBS, BIpaNMAXd 
apateni Mapiib Depexb rBapsewacKHMb NMONKOM H CosepKa- 
Iuxca Ha FOcyAapcTBeHHHH cuers. JIpyrie, 6orbe’6buane de- 
peHW AXOBONbETBOBAINCh MCHBIIUME OpKecTpamH. Ho noBpcnyzy 





76 TYCTABD ASS TRHePCTAMD. 


rpembia My3HKa, MOBCHTY pasBBbBaHch sHaMeHa, OTOBCDAY 
CTeKAIHCh JOH, H Ha 3HaMeCHAaXxh, BOKPYI"b KOTOPHX®D OBH CO- 
6UpauCh, 30JIOTHMH OYKBAMH OHH HallucaHH C10Ba cBOOOgH;, 
YeNOBBYeCKHXS UpaBh A HalexIb Ha Oyfyuiee, KOTOpoe pa- 
Gould MACCH OTBONWTS y rocnuoucTBYWIIEXd KlaccoBb, KOTOpoe 
OHB crbiaWTh CBOHMb, B3ABb Ha ce6a BBIBYW Gopbdy weN0- 
BBYeECTBA DPOTHBDS HacHiA 3akoHAa. 

CeroqHa mepBoe Mas, TO HOBOe HepBoe Mas, KOTOpoe paco- 
vii cCObIaNb CBOUMb DHEMb, KOTOpoe OHS Hb pasha wpe- 
BOYTOiA NpeBpaTHIb BH WpaskHukb cosHania, cosHaHia TOrO, 
YTO Ha BCeH seMIB WODH-OpatbA padoTawTh NA OMHO uw TOH 
xe bun. Bb 9TOTS WeHb Ho Bceli semu'b coOmpawtca Bch TB. 
KoTOpHe He CMBNTCA Hab MHCIBW, ITO Mipb—oAHO GoUbMOe 
OTeYeECTBO DJIA MYAIMHB H KCHUMHD BCBXD Halli. BenuKitt 
OpaTcKii coWsb, KOTOPHH MacCOHH HBKOra MeITAaIH CO3TaTb 
WI HEMHOrHX) H36paHHHx’b, padovie OCHOBaIH WIA MHOFHX, 
On®b yxxe He cKaska. Onb—_bicTBHTeNbHOCTE. IlyTH cooémie- 
Hid—BOTb TO “YONbucTBeHHOe cpecTBO, KoTOpvue cy’bIano 
WHUCTBUTeIIbHOCTDD MHCJIb O OpaTcKOMb eyuHeHnin. Lapb—BOTh 
Ta BHBINHAA CHa, KOTOpad UDOALOTOBIAeTS Upeocdpaxenie seM- 
Jf,—lapb HW cecTpa ero—cHJa sueKTpHiectBa. Cb OHCTpOTOd 
QNeKTPHIeECTBA H Cb CHNOM Mapa pacupocTpanAeTcA MHCJIb 0 
6parcKkoMb efuHeHiv. Ona yoxe He CBABaHAa Cb TOK HIM Apyrok 
Hallie. Ona Bb THCATY pasb Oonbe cmbaa, Bceosbeminma A 
MHoroo6biawnia. ActuHa, 1posBy4aBbllad CerowHa By'bcb, OHIcTpO 
OOeTAaeTbh BC B8CMIN H pasKuraeTh OHH, KOTOpHe Tpemllars, 
T0006HO OBINMDb MONHIAMb Ha TeerpapHoH mpoBon0Kb. Lo- 
BCDAY Bb BOsLYX' HeECeTCA CHOBHO Dpoxallia MONT; Bb 
NOBCWAY, rib TBOPHTS pyka YeOBbiecKkad, TSHYTCH Bb BOs- 
Wyxb Xasekia UPOBONOKK; a TaM’b, rb HAYTh rpoMayHne a- 
poxouH, onb norpe6eHH BL ruy6unb Moped. Ubi uxb—o65- 
enuHeHie. ONS TOUHO XXUBHA CYIeCTBAa, COeHHADIMIA TO, ITO 
3He JH XOTATh PactoprHyTs. 

OT&a MHCIb 0 eC HHEHIH BHTACTS BB BOBLYX', OCAsaeMad, 
BCBMb AOCTyYOHAaA HW NoHnATHaK. Paodoyie, erosamie TyTb, BHAA 
2@TOH MHICIH HW HeECyTb ee Aanbie. Moxerh ONTb, 9T& MHICJIb 
IOTOMY TAaKb MOMUHO LFOBOPHTb HM’, ITO Y HUXS TAakb MAIO 
61arb 8eMAHXb, MBUMAaNUUXb CuymiaTs. Moxerb OHTb, Korda- 
HHOyab, Korda 6nara Mipa cero BHUALyTb Ha UXb JOIN, Y HUXDb 
yxe OyneTb MeHbe TOHKIM CLyxb, OHH 3adyAyTb TO, weMy HB- 
Korda Takb BHHMAaJIM HXb OTUN. KToO MOmeTh OCYAMTb UX 8a 
2To? PasBB He TauweKHMB H IYCTHMb OT3BYKOMb 8BY%aTb Bb 
HamuXb yCTaxb CJOBa, H'BKOrAa BHSBaBIIA Kb RH8HH Locy- 
wapcrTso, 6yaymee, BBpy, KOTOPHA HHHS Ha LYTH KB TOMY, 
YTOOH OHTb HCTONTABHHMU HOraMu, NOMePKHYTb, HCIesHyTh? To, 
"oro MH AOGTHTAOMh, sacTHBaerb. To, TAME OBNALBBASTL 4E- 


POKOBHA CHA. 77 


HOBBRE, OCKBEPHAeCTCA OTB yuoTpe6senia. JIum TO, ITO Ma- 
HHTb H81anH, NOCTOHHO cTpeMJeHigz. 

Borb novemy DepBaro Maa pasBBBawTca 3HaMeHa. Bors T0- 
GeMY XONOQHHH H ToNy6oH BOsLYXb NONOHD COMHETHALO CBBTA 
H cBBxKaro BbrepKa. Bors moveMy TOMOTS MaroBh AeCATKOBS 
THCATE eH CIHBAeCTCA Cb 3BYKAMM HIpAawMUXd OpKecTposs, 
roNOCOBb, NOWMIEXD padotywo obCcHD. BewwyecTBeHHO eTO Me- 
cTBie—Bcb Bb cOopb: OTOH HECYTb Ha PpyKaxd Wbreli, KOTOPHXS 
HEJIb3H OCTABHTbh JOM& Bb STOTh eHb, ROMA WH MATePH XOTATS 
CTATh Bb PAXIH, ITOOH DNMATh BO3LYXOM, KOTOPHH CerouHa, 
KameTcs, 6orbe, TBM KOra-1H60, NONOHS HalexiH Ha yd 
mia Bpemena. J/KeHIIHBH BeYTb 8& PyKY CBOHXS breli, Be- 
NYT HX} Bb PATH B3POCINXb, ITOOH ChH8MaNa OpPiyIHTs AXd 
yYMB Kb MHCIH O CBATOMD equHeHiv, Ha KOTOPOH OHH KOrsa- 
HHOYb NOCTPOWTS cBoe Oyyulee, TO CBATOe H ReNaHHOe b6y- 
wymjee, KOTOparo OHH, CTAPHKH, yee He yspaTs. SIpKo sByyarh 
HXb WHRAHE Fronoca cpenH O6maro huis. MeqneHHO, MeqAeHHO 
MBHTaWTca Buepenxb. Telepb WeHTpb koptexta Ha 6O0BM0K 
HONAH'B, rb TPyOUH AN6OUNTHHX?S, IPHMeMHxt sadrarospe- 
MeHHO, YTOOH odesnedHTS ceOb Gombe yoo6OHHA MBCTa, HaNod- 
_HADTE HeOOUbMIA BOZBHIMeHiIA 10 DYTH H TBCHSTCH BOKPYTS 
OPATOPCKAXDS Tpw6yHb. TemMHo olyMHol crbuok okalmusers 
Bch STOTh O€3KOHCYHHH 8aNb ua coépanili, ruraHTCRaMs Ky- 
IOJIOMD NOAHHMACTCA HAS HM’ 'He6o, ycbaHHoe ObrymuMn 
o6akaMu. Bb TakTbh ABuxKeTCA Mpoueccia NOb STHMb KyO- 
xomb. KameTca, 6yITO HAKTO He CMOTPHTS HH HallpaBo, HH Ha- 
BBO, He O6panlaeTh HH Marbiimaro BHUMAaHis AH Ha DOIHHel- 
CKif KACKH, CBePKanMiaA KPyroMb, HH HA KOHHHX} ONCTHTC- 
ne OOMeCTBEHHArO NOpsLKa, OTKPHBANUIAXS H saMWNKANMAXS 
mecTBie, 1a6H CBOHMb UpHvCcyTcTBieMb HaloMHHTb OYHTOBINU- 
KaMb O cHIS rocyzapctBa. be3ssa6oTHo BAyYTb padoyie co CcBO- 
WMH KeHaMH H J'BTDMH, TOUHO 3aMKHYTAA JHCUMDIHEAPOBARAad 
apMis. HukTO He TOPONHTCA, — COW3sb 38& CON80MB BHCTpaH- 
BaeTCH Y OpaTOpCKAX'b TPHOYA, ONMA'D 88 [Pyro pasMbuyanwTca 
OHH Bb CTPOroMb opsak'b, 3HaMeHa OOpasyNTb pyOun, My- 
SHKa HIpaecThb, A Cb PasHWXb TpHOYHD Kb BHUMAWINEM'’D MAC- 
caMb JICTATS CUOBA, COBa, BOKPYIb KOTOPHXd OHH COOPAaHCh, 
qroGOH CBOeH YHCCHHOCTLN, cBoeH CepbesHOCTbD UPHaTb HM'b 
BBCB. | 

Ceronua Benukifi neub. JleHb, HocBAMmeHEHA MUpy, yHHBep- 
CAIbHOMY MHPY, UPEMUpeHiW Cb NPOMWIHMS, MpoBosrmameHin 
Ho6BaH Bb OyyMleMh, YHHITOReHIW BOHHH, OpaTCTBY YeNOBS- 
yecKaro poja... 

Oxe IenbMb BHIMeIb CeroqHA 48h DOMY COOCTBEHHO MOTOMY, 
§TO MEY HHMb H KeHOH DpOws0MINa PasMOJBKAa, ONHO H3b 
TEXD COOKOHHHXD, TOPbKUXb CTONKHOBeHIA, KOTOPHA BHOCEIM 


78 TYCTABR ASB FRHEPCTAM DS. 


TaKb MHOTO TARCIHXD YCOBb Bb UpekpacHHH COHb AXb Bb 
o6meMb CyacTiMBaro Opaka. PasMouBKa, 10 OOHKHOBeHIW, HpOH- 
301118 H3b-38 eFO CHHA Doubke, CaMaro TYBCTBHTCNEHALO NYHRTA 
ero coBBCTH, TBMS 6o'be YBCTBHTeENbHAarO, ITO BTOTh pe- 
6eHORS OHNL WIOKb ero WHOMECKOH CBASH, B8ATHH O6ONMH 
cyupyraMa Kb ce6b BB OMb: AMb—NO BleyeHin cepana, ew 
NOTOMY, ITO OHA CIHTAIA TO BUOIH'S CipapelAHBHMb H Xopo- 
IMM, TEMD Gorbe, ITO Bb DepByW NOpy AX} WO6BH: OHA Kam 
MHCWb CBOerO MY2KA IHOHIa, Kasaloch elf, KaKb CBON co6- 
CTBCHHYD. 

Kakb 6H TO HH OHNO, peOeHOR'S Crab Mey HHMH H wb- 
Marh UXb cyacThyo. bpowa TYAa WH CHA UTNALA Ha OKPyRas- 
Mylo ero KXHBYH Kaptuny, leubMb, kak YacTO H perme, Ay- 
MAaJIb O TOM, YTO B8ATHH HMB RD ce6Ob peseHoks 00 MaTepH 
TAKKe UIPHHAaAMIeKATh KB padoyemy KMaccy. ,Bb sTOMB eCcTb 
¥TO-TO KpacHBoe*, yMarb Ore lenpwb. Oro Kakb 6yUTO Hb- 
KOTOPHMS OOpas0Mb COMMRACTE CTO Ch THM KMACCOMb, Kb RO- 
TOPOMY OHS, Kab H MHOFie H8b ero cpewH, Cb MHOMECKHXS 
XBTh YYBCTBOBANH Kakoe-TO MeuTaTenbHOe moyreHie. H rorma 
OH OCMATPHBAeTCH, CFO BAXBATHBaeTb BONA, CHIR, TBCPAOCTb, 
ROTOpad PHCyeTCA Ha STHXL JNVAXh PaBHHXb BOspAacTOBh A 
xapakrepoBb. ADPMia JHI'b, NHIb, Cb HallpameHieMb BHTArH- 
BaWIIMXCA BUepedb, TOON HW CHOBa He NPOPOHHTb 8b TOMO, 
¥TO TOBopHTca 3xbcp. ,KTo wmerb ThXb, KOTOPHe, KAaKb Bb 
Tincabift CKasako, TrotosawTh HW KaKLyTb CUpaBelMBOCTH, TOTS 
Hayerh HX 3bcb“, AyMaeTh yuwnteab. Onb BATE CTAPHA 
dua, JHMa Ch OCTPHMH JIMBINMH, TEMHHMD IBBTOMb KOKA H 
rxy6okoO 38aaBOIHMY TiasaMA; JIM1a MONONA Cb HacMBILIA- 
BHMH CHJIbHHMH ry6aMu, NO(BHKHHMU, KXABHMH P1asaMH H ON- 
CTpoH HrpoH MYCKYJOBB; Mua TopecTHHA H yCTaHs, CBBTA- 
IACH YIHOKOH BOOomyMeBeniz; wana xRecTKia HU yrHeTeHHHA, 
TaAMa Bb ceOh clepRaBaeMHA CTpayaHif H CKPHTHH OToHs, 
Ha yCTaqHa H MpawHHA, KOTOPHA Boodle yRb He MOLyTSh 
mposcHutses. USMS OMbMe OHS CMOTPHTS Ha 3TO IWACKOe 
Mope, TSM onperbuenHbe OB 4yBCTBYeTb, ITO 38 BCBMH 
STHMH JHUaMH MYRIZHS WH MCHWUHS, CTAPHKOBS MH WHOMeK 
*KHBETH OHA TpoManuag Bod. HW Boa 9Ta Tak CHIbHa, ITO 
OHA, KOra HYKHO, DOWaBIAeTh BCB crpeMueHia€, HHCTHHETEA 
H Kelahid, KOTOPHA OOHKHOBEHHO ABETaNT) JWAbMU. THCATAa 
BOJb B3qHMaeTCA Bb STOMD MOPS Woyelt, oXBaTHBaWMeM) TH - 
CATH HETUBENOBS. HW Bce-me BL BTOTL MOMCHTS TYTS OHA 
JMIib BOIA, BONA, 8ACTABIAWINAA CeEMbU TONOTaTb, OTKAINBaTy, 
ceOB Bb KyckB xurb6a, oOpekaTb ce6a Ha XONOM®, HyYX1yY 
CM€PTb, YTOOH MOMOUb TOBAPHIAaMS H CAaMAMS CceOb. Oxe lenbme, 
AYMaeTE Wadbile, w ero CoOOCTBEHHHA 3a60TH KasKYTCA CMY MA- 
J@HEREMH Tepelb oTHMM BeJHKEMM, HOBWMH BuewaTTbHiaM x 


POKOBHIA CHAN. 79 


HANONHADIIHMH ero. OHD BHIMeTb W8b TOMY, NOHNH BORby- 
KTAONUXh MHCIeH, HW MOTOMY, MOKETE OHTb, ero BOCTPINMIH- 
BOCTh Kb HCTHHHHMD BUeWTIBAIAM TAKS CHIbHAa HW KABA Ce- 
roxaa. Emy RaxkeTc#, 4TO OH BHOIHB YYBCTBYeTh STY BOW 
Kb CUHeHIN, KOTOPaA OXBATHBaeTh BCX. OTA BONA, KOTOPAA 
CHIBHBe BChXDb OTTBIbHNXb BON, coOpana TOMMY 9THXd 
MYRUHHS AH KeHUMHDS, ClawBaeTh HXb HW OyMeTH ClanBaTh Bb 
OHO baoe. CuibHa, BeIuKa, HeEONpey'buenHa 9TAa BOA, WOXI- 
HHBIad ce6b BCB MAJICHBKIA BON, HAayIHBMad Xb TOMY, 
4TO TOTb, Ib# BONA MOMBNACTHA eli, MOReTh UpeTepmbTb Bce, 
MORETE JOOHTHCA BCeLro, Telleph Kaxymaroca eMy HeOCcTuRU- 
KHMHM'D. [lepers ero rua3saMH NOJHUMaeTCA KapTHHa HaponRon 
BOJIH, STOrO MACTHYECKALO, YaCTO yHOTpeOneMaro Be B10 COB, 
HapOnHOH BONH, NO MOBOLY ROTOpOH OND TaRb WacTO Cb Hpo- 
HHUeCKOH YAHOKOH NOKXHMATE WilewamMu, HskoTOpad CeroxHaA, © 
oHakoO, KakeTca emMy cH0H, anno orb Bora wu cioco6Hok 
Ipeo6pasonaTp Mip's. 

Ch opaTopcKoH Tpu6yHH Harb ero rouoBoh HeCyTCA C10Ba, 
CNOB2 CTAaPHA H YeECTHHA, CTOb XOPOMO eMY 3HaKOMHA. Onn 
FOBOPATS 0 MUP, KOTOPHH HaCcTYUATS, 0 BOMHS, koTOpad TOMA 
CTATh HeBOsMORHON. Uto Takoe owMTuKka? OTKPHTaa urpa 
PaubOIBBHMA KapTaMa. SKecTokas, J2KuBad ATpa WeOBBieCKHMH 
cynp6amH. JiomHO NOHATHe HHTepecH, BBepraWulie HHAUBEAOBS 
Bb IpectTyienia H HapowWH Bb HecyacTbe. Bb KOpHB cBOeMb 
ZHMb DOrOHS 38 OaphmemMb H HaCiamyeHiamu. Cras0quHHA 
DPHBYBHiA MPAYHHXh BPeMeH', TOUHO BAMUMPH, BHCACHBab- 
nie KpOBb Hapoya. Paspb ue scb MH OpaTba? Kro wan Bact. 
CTOAINHXS 3bcb, XOTBIS OW YOUTH CBOerO OHRHATO? 

Yuutenb Ore lenbMb cTOAND HM UPACIYMMBAICA Kb MHCIAMD, 
XOPpOMIO eMy SHaKOMHM®D. OHS CIHMAIb AXb Ch TBXb Ops, 
KAKB NOMABIS ce6a. OND BCTPhiarb UXb Bb TBOPCHIAXS MHCIU- 
Tene, Bb Me€YTAaXh NosToBb. Buepsahe yCAwWMaNrb Ob UX U3d 
ycTb CBOeH MATeEPH: OHS CTOATS y KOWBHDS ef, & OHA THTama 
emy Buo6xiw. Tenepp ob Bapyrbh woKasasMch eMy coBepmleHHo 
HOBHMH. GTO 6HIM COBCBMB He TB MHICIH, ROTOPHA OHS OOLY- 
MHBaSb Bb THM CBOero KaOHHeTAa, COMHBBAACL, MYIPCTBYA H 
B3BBOIABAA BCB BOSMOKHOCTH HM HeBOsMORHOCTU. OHB CTOAND 
cpeau TBXb, ITO BBPYWTh, OHS IYBCTBOBANIB ce6aA GACTLW Ib- 
zaro, OXHUMB “3b MHOrUuXxd. VM Bo BCE TO, ITO OHS CIHMATS, 
BAXBAS, [YMA H IYBCTBOBAIS, CIpaHHHMS O6pasoMb BINeTAa- 
2aCb MNGJIb 0 ero pe6enr'b, cus pacoTHHOH. Ero oxBatH0 
HOBOe H CTpaliHoe 4yBcTBO cMHpeHia. BBab BCe TO, ITO LoBo- 
paoch 377bcb, 6HN0 TAaKb UpPoOcTo, HOYeMy we OHO HE MOReTS 
OHTb BOSMORHHME? HM nepenupHTHyBh Yepesb Bch sal yTAaHHHe 
Ha6HPHETH MHC, OH'b IPHCUYMIABAJICA IMM Kb OMOCY, roBo- 
PHBIMeMY Bb HEM. OTOTS FONOCh 8BYWAaTb ACHO: OHO BOSMORHO. 


90 FFGVABL Ah TRHBPCTANS. 


Ornayuch epexH STUX THCAYB UNDel! Oun BAPATh Bh CBO’ 
eo6cTBeHHYN Bom. H noTomy onw cMbwTh BEpuTs. WH moTomMy 
JI HHXB BCe BOsMOXHO. 

OH®b ONATh NOCMOTPhIb Ha MWwAcKoe MOpe mMepeNb cooon. 
»Korga WolqnaMaetcn 6ypsA,—LyMarb Onfb—Oypa OCTaTOUHO 
CHJIbHas, TO BCe MOpe BaXHMAaeTCA OHUMS MONIHHMD BawJlOMD, 
HM HHKTO He JyMaeTh ye O MANCHBKEXS BoOmHAXb! Bch onb 
CUHBANTCA Bh OHO, NOMHHMANWTCA Kb OO6NaKaM’b, — HAKTO He 
MOHK€TS UPOTHBOCTOATD UMD. OONOMEM BHOpacHBaWTca Ha 6e- 
perb, MONH paspyManvTcs, MAYTH Tpelarh, INAH WoOusyTh Ha 
YeTBEPeCHbKAaXh, ITO6H He OHTb CMHTHMH. Paaphb obbequHeH- 
HAM BOJA He ECTh MoAOOHOe me MOpe, KOTOPOMY HHUKTO He MO- 
HRT IPOTHBOCTOATL, Kora OHO pashrpaerca?* 

HenoXBustHo CTOUTS Toa. Jum Koe-ryb 10 rycTo crBcHus- 
IMMCH JHWaMb UgoObraeTb Merkoe WBuxenie. lopamie rmasa 
CIOBHO JOBATA KaxI0e CHOBO opaTopa Ha TpHO6yHS. Camoro 
opatopa Ore lIeubwb He BHILTS ye, OWL BHIUTS IMMb rasa 
9TH, KOTOPHe TOPATh OMHHMDS WaMeHeMd, OMHOH Boome, 0Ob- 
eluHuBMefca TNA OLHOM H TOH «Xe WEG. 

“MW ero mpo6mpaert Zpomb. OH BCHOMHHACTS TY WOsOpHYyH 
posHb, KoTopad oTrbiaeTh Woe ero K1acca APyrsb OTS Apyra. 
OHS DpPOHSHOCATS Halb coboh aAcHHH uw pbskifi IPHToBoph 
Wy MaeTs: 

~ lero OW ff He 8b 38 TO, ITOOH Pash Bb RABHA NOTYB- 
CTBOBATE Bb ceOB Tpoxauie 9TOW BOM, YTOOH 3HaTb, ITO AXb 
I'bIb—MOS bib. Ho storo ye He OyneTb. IloyeMy, a CaM 
me 3HaD. 51 TYBCTBYH TOIbKO, ITO 9TO TAaK'b*. 

PBab KOHWAeTCHS, TPOMATHHH KOPTeRb TOTOBUTCA JBUHYTbCA 
Kb TOpoxy, H8b KOTOparoO CerONHA OKHMAKH KaTATCA 010 H&- 
WmpaBleHin KB SooormyecKoMy cary. letbMb ycC.0BHICA m0~- 
BHAATLCA CeTOHA BeYepOMS Cb H'BCKOILKEMA Apyapamu. Onn- 
HOKIM OpoqHTS OH HO MIMPOKOH W0maqH, BeCb NOJHHH Bue- 
wTIbHiaMa Depemutaro. Y Hero Takoe YYBCTBO, OYATO HC TesNO 
Bce, Kpomb onlymeni# 6ytymaro, TOMBKO 4TO KpBUOKO CBASH- 
BaBIUIUXd efO Cb TONNOM, 6YATO Bb OTY MAHYTY JHMb OHH Ky- 
BYTS BB HeMb. Boe Apyroe KakeTcH eMY CTONb PakHTAacTHIHHMS 
H XHMCPHYHHMD, TOUHO OHO COBCEMB H He CYMeCTBOBAIO. 

CBoeo6pasHo OBICHHHH Hw BOs6y2xkKeHHHH STUMH H 10- 
JOOHHMH MHCIAMH, JenbMb MeNeHHO xonub no HKapmapery. 
Tarn ero 6m HBCKONIBKO TAKeIH, KaKb y YeNOBBKa, He 
AMBDMSrO WIM H BOJHYeMaro NPOTHBONOORAHMH YYBCTBAaMH. 
OHD YR He MONON. O6b STOMb JOCTATOYHO ACHO CBU'BTeIb- 
CTBY€TH ero HNO Cb cBBTNOpycoH Sopoxoh Bokpyrb kpBboKo 
cmaTaro pTa H Cb rUy6okO CHIANIUMH TaasaMH 388 380J0THMH 
OUKaMH. Bupaxenie, ORMBIANMIee Tellepb JHNO0 YUHTeIA, He 
OOHIKHOBeHHOS. CB roqaMa 10 AHUY erO pasNHIIOCh Kakoe-TO 


- 








POKOBHA CHAE. 81 


cooKohctTBie, Swprepckoe AOBONBCTBO, H MOTPeOHOCTh TapMOHH- 
YeCKOH OKHBHH Haydita ero Bay'bTb CBOMMH MHCAIAMH. Cerusa 
y Hero Bub OyntTosmuka, [pu kax10Mb marb On}b 9HEprudHoO 
yHapserh asKoH O MOCTOBYN, TOUHO XOYeTh BOT Bb 8eMJIP 
MHCIU, Mydaonmia ero. H maui yunTedb, KoTOpHH npeme 
NPOBOAAI CAaMYHM pB3KYNO rpakb MemAy HCTHHHO CBO6OR0MHCIA- 
WWHMb H ComiaticToMb, Tellepb NCNOHb FYBCTBD, CTOAMIHXb Bb 
PB2axomMb MpoTHBOpBhain cb yOBueTeHIAMH, AOCTABIAWOWMH Ye- 
AOBBKY yBaxkeule o6nlecTBa H FrocyAapctBa. 

Takoe HacTpoeHie 6b0 Ama lenbMa HeOON HO. 

IIpexae, WbMb O6OTHYTH yaHuUy CTypa, OAD ocTaHaBsJIN- 
BAeCTCH H 380 YMUIHBO PIAgnHTb Aa lyMenscrifi canb. He Bayate 
eule HH OJHOM MOUKU Ha WepeBbAXh, BHCATb TOAHA BBTBI— 
CBTb H3b THCAYH BATeli, epesb KOTOPYN cCBepkaeTh rosyéoe 
He60 CO CBOHMH GOBJHMH TOPOIUJIMBHMH vo6akaMu. Kpyroms 
TOANH Jone CTpeMATCH Kb Topory, ITOH pascbaTsca NO BceMYy 
OrpoMHOMy CTOKrobMy, Bb KOTOPOMD CeroaHA MHOrie KBapTa.ib 
zexaTb HBMBe, TOTHO MepTBNe. MHMO Hero Cb INYMOMb Mpo- 
XONHTb TpaMBal. Ch TDPYNOMb MpOBONHTb KOHLZYKTOphb cEok 
BaroHh Wpesb BCH YTY TONY, ero rosoch NOKPNBaeTh Fosoca 
Ha 1U0mMaikb Bparova, rb wayanach CCOpa Hab-3a TOO, ITO 
Ha6pasioch CIMINKOMb MHOTO NaccaxvpoBD. TOUHO BHTOJKAYTHH 
H3b TONMH, KOBHIAeCTh NO YIUO'R MWIOXO OWBTHH YNOBBKS 
Onb OCTAHABIMBAETCA Ch OPOKMATIAMH Ha YCTAXb H Ppo3HTb 
KyYakoMb yb3akawuleuy Barony. 

lenbMb BHAATS BCe 9TO. Cb rpuMacoft Ha WHO'b, TOUHO Ke- 
Wax CTPAXHYTS Cb ce6OM YTO-TO radkve, OH BXOMLUTh Bb MWapk'd, 
NOAb BHCOKIA WepeBbA, 8&8 KOTOPHMH NOAHHMAaeTCA PHTaaTCKill 
gacarp Ou6sniorexu. EMy Kakb-TO BAPyrb UPHXOAUTb Ha NMa- 
MATb cTHXoTBOpeHie Bukropa [wmro o 6H6nioTeRb, KoTOpyO 
nowaerb BO BpeMA KOMMYHH padoyilt. H ob aoBTopseTh mpo 
ce64 SaKIINTATCIBHHA C.10Ba, KPATKYW CaMOozaluTy padouaro: 
-Al He ymMbw antats!“ A 3arnapie: ,KTo BAHOBaTb?* Ob yJIH- 
6a+TcaA Bb Gopony A, NpepHBas CBOH MNCJA, BNOIrONOCAa FOBO- 
paTb: ,He mpo Hach 9T0. Y Hach KaKHK ymMbeTh ATATD. 
Ha 9T0 306Cb KaNoBaTbea He UPAXOAHTCAS. | 

Ob DyMaeTb O CROeEMD TpyAb, omuTawmlemMb ero oma, 0 
RaudTasIbHOMb, MHOFO.BTHEMb H3cTbBA0BanIW, KOTOpoe Koraa- 
HNG6yIb OpocuTb CBBTb Ha OHA H3b RMBHEHHHXS BOMPOCOB'b 
ge1opbyecTBa. Kakb y MHOrHXb Dpelctabnteneli ero mokorB- 
HiA, H Y HerO Rb OAHOMA H8b AUIMKOBb OAChMeHHArO CTOMa 
XpagTca Taina —WupoKko 3anyMaHad paosota MoAb HasBaHiem’h: 
-MacaH 0 COBpeMCHHOMB HeJOBOJECTBB“, KoTOpad O.uKea 
ABUTbCA paai‘brneniemb coniambHaro Bompoca. Tpyab 9ToTh 
yme HBCKOIBKO pa3b Haqdnha.lCd 3aHOBO, He pasb Tepeiluch- 
BaJicad, HO BCe elle He roTorb. CeroQuA OND BNOIHB eCTeCTBEHHO 

Agpapb. Oribar |. 6 








82 ISCTABb A®b PEREPCTAMD. 


mpuxoaurb lenbMy Ha yM'b. EMy BApyr’b UpeACTaBAeTCA, ITO OF'b 
OTKPHJb COBEPIIeHHO HOBYH MHCIb ANH OCBBUIeHiA BeNuKOH 
HeH OPMMUpeHis, MHCJIb, KOTOPaA, 10 ero MH'BHIN, Cb HeOH- 
Basl0l0 APKOCTbW BOSBHCHTCA Hb Hee KaccoBoh HeHaBHCTH. 
OHb AyMaeTb Opo BCe TO, ITO NMCAaIU, ITO Ahan UpocBbueH- 
BHe JOH ero BpeMeau. HM sto ycuoKauBaeTb ero. Oab ay- 
MaeTb 3arbMb 0 CBOeMb OMB, 0 cBOeH sen’, O DobKe, 0 
CBOeMD MONOKeHID CBOOOMOMHCIAMIarO MexXTY CBOOOOMHCIA- 
DIMMU, KOTOPHE B3aMMHO TOMMepmRABAWTh H yBakawoTh ApPyrb 
Apyra, koTtoppe Bch BMBCTS o6pasyWThb O1N0Tb IpOTHBd Deak- 
Ui, MOBCWOAY NOAKuMaWMeH roroBy. EMy KaxketTca, O6yATO ReCb 
S9TOTh Mipb, KOTOPOMY OH'b UpHHaNexATh TBRIOMb WH AYWOH, 
CTaIb CMY BAPyr'b Fy2kM db. MHCIb O HEMb COBepweHHO He 
rapMOHHpyeTb Cb ero TeMepeWIBHMH UYBCTBAMH. JTOTb MIpb 
Kamkercdh CMY BIPyI'b TAKUM Y3KHMBb, TAKAMD DOJHHMb Uper- 
pascyAKOBd U TakuMb OBABHMd HeatamMu, Kab HW BCe OOMeCTBO, 
KOTOpoe: OHS HW CFO TOBAapumA No yOBxpeHiaAMb BCerga Kpii- 
THKOBAJIH TAKS CBLICOKa. PasBb we eHKeRHEBHO UPOMCXOLATA uy- 
neca? Passhb we Bb TO CaMOe BpeMA, KODa JNM COeAMHANNCE 
Bb KPYKKH, pasdupasiH WpoeKTH peopMb, yAyyWalu Bb 
CBOHXb KHMraxdb Mipb—pasBh He Bb ITO vaMue BPeMA UPOHSONIIO 
TO, wero HHKTO He BHAKTb, He XOFeTh BuLbTS? He nepexu- 
BaWTb JIM OHH BCB Takoe BpeMS, Korda BCce, ITO Mpoucxo- 
HUTb, MepepoctraeTL wepesb uxXb TrowoBnH? He nepepocau aH 
HXb CaMHXb AYXH AXd COOCTBEHHHXS MHCIeH, IpeBpaTuBMmieca 
Bb JI0Th H KPOwbb, BIIAA, DOLKaUNBas, HHsBepran UH BOsBbIUAA 
HOBHA BpeMeHa, pexie YhMb MHICIMTeIA, yieHHe, 109TH 
peopMaTopN Mipa yci'bsaiH KOHYaTb CBOH ponssexenia? Bh 
OJMHb UpekpacHhHi eHb BCe TO, 0 YeMb OHM pesHiH, WA 
yqero padoTaH, OKaxKeTca, OHTb MOKeTh, TBUCTBUTeEIbHOCTLIO, 
HO IPOMsOHAeTb 9TO Tak’b, ITO HH ODES WNOBBKD, OyYEb OH 
CaMbii IPOHHWaTeIbHHu, He Bb COCTOAHIM OyfeTh MpewckasaTe 
3TO. | | 

Y lembMa 6b0 Takoe FYBCTBO, OYATO OHb OWKeAD BHP- 
BaTbCA H8b BOAOBOPOTA, TposAMlaro MOrAoTuTb ero. ,Kakb sce 
CHOKOHHO Kpyromb*, 1O2YMab OHS BAPYd: ,Kak'p THXO CTan0 “! 
OABHOKO Wlarab OHS UO WHPOKHMD aeaM’b llapka WH DYM’b 
BONHYWMUarocd WIOBBYecKaro MOPA TIYXO OTLaBaAICcA Bb ero 
yllaxb. OHHOKO OpoAKIb OBS NO DIMpOKOMy cpeaqHemy po- 
XOY, MOBEPHYIb Hasalb, NOWeIb OATH Boepenb. Urpapmisn 
3'BCb OOMKHOBEHHO BTM WaBHO ye YH TOMOK--BpemMaA urp'B 
nmpomso0. Ha yaHwaxb BUYOHBNHCh KyIKH 0AeH, BOsBpania B- 
INMXCH JOMOH, OTABIbHHWe OCKOJIKH HeaBHO uepeyb ThM'E 
coO6paBliiaroca MHOroJ02Haro HaposHaro LWecTBIs. 

Bapyrb lenbMy OKaganocb, YTO HOTOKb Wel, crpeMaB- 
mica no yuuub Crypa, OCTaHOBMJICA, TOUWHO pas6usca, pac- 





POKOBHS CHIH. ; &3 


IHeNBICA: ANIM OCTAHOUBAAWCh UW TIPHCyMIWBAIHCh —H Bb 
TOTh Xe MOMCARTH HO ero yxXa oueTBIE pb3kii KOpOTRiA 
TPeCCRB, KOTOPHA, OTPAsHBOIUCh OTb ‘CUIOMANXS PALOBD M0- 
MOBS, IporpeMBIb Halb THXHMS WapKoMb. Ty Th Re OW YBH- 
ABIb, ITO WOH Opocunnch Ghats. Osu 6bearn 0 AepRy, 
TIIpHratH Ypesb MpOBOAOIAylO Orpaly, BOMpeKH sanpemesin 
NOWHWin. lenbMb TORE YCKOPANS Ward A YBULBIb, ITO TOMA 
-CTBCHHNACh BOKPY'Vb CkaMelHiKU, CTOABMWIeH Bb NONyKpyrb AH3- 
Karo KYCTapHHuKa BOKpyrh Waakyye HBH. 

TlonofaA 61H2Ke, OND TAKD BIBONHOBAICA, TOTHO MOTYBCTBO- 
Bah HacTyNseHie KaTacTpo@uy, KOTOPyH MaBHO NpeBaA'brs. 
OHb Upo6unca CKBO3b CNWAH, CKYIBBIIACH BOKPyTb aTOro 
wbcta. Baayarb oH% HHYero He MOrb pas0dpaTs. BuuManie 
MaCCH Cb TAaKHMb Hallpaxeniemb OHO OOpanleHoO Ha TO, ITO 
MpOHCXONBNO Bb cepequn'b, ITO HUKTO He’ O6epHyJcH H He OT- 
BRTANDb eMY Ha ero BONpocH. BHTAHYBb We, Toa ope 
ThCHHJach BOKPYrb NAOMAIKH 6e3M01BHO HA THXO, CJIOBHO 
BHAA 4TO-TO yRaCHOe, ITO NPHIBOZLHIO HXb Kb MBCTY, Napa- 
JIM30Ba0 A3HKH A UpespaTHio UXb Bb HBMHXDb. Haxonets, 
KakOH-TO 4YeIOBBKb Cb ACKAaKCHHHMD JBIOM'b, BHOMBOIINCA H3'b 
TOAMH, 4TOOH yHTH, CKasalb eMy: 

— Pa6ouil sactpbiaica,—B30pBarb THWaMHTHHA MaTpoHb 
BO pTy. 

Ienbwb OTMAaTHYJICA. 

— Ceronua?—kpakayab onb.—H apbeb? 

— Ja! Tlouemy 6 He ceroqua? H nowemy 6m He 3ay'bcb? 

TopopuBmift Ttoxe 6nub pa6oyii. Bb neTaunb ond HOCHIS 
-3HATeCRS epBaro Mad. 

— Onb Takxe XoOTb1b ComBHCTBOBaTh DeMOHCTpalin 0- 
cBoeMy. 

TosopuBalit pascMBalcg KOpPOTKHUMb CM'BXOMb, H CMBXB 
aTOTh NOXODHIb Ha rpHMacy. EKro pbsko oyepyeHHOe AHO Cb 
ryCTHMH yCamMH HoxepraBanocs. BB Chpxb riasaxb sacBepkalH 
HCKPH HeEHaRHCTH HM XeCTOKOCTH, H OHD O6HCTPO yanHca, 
CAOBHO CKa3ab CAMDIKOMb MHOTO HH XOTBIb CKasaTb ele 
Gombe, HO CIeCNIb 3a Tyee MpOMONGATD. 

Bb ty #e MHHYTY pasmasca ron0cs: 

-— Pascryuutecs! 

Tlonmueitkas Kacka BHHHPAYyJa Hab TOON, ROTOpad He- 
XOTA OTOABHHY.1aCb Bb CTOPOHY. 

IeIbMb CTOANb, TOUHO MPurBORXTeHHHH yxacomMb. Oud He 
MOP OTOPBaTh T1a3b OTh NApeActaBiieh Mepeab HUM’ KkapTa- 
Hu. Ha cKkaMeaikb seaada chexusillaaca durypa. Hanan Bun- 
HBIOCb .IHUWb 4TO-TO CBpoe, BHABIABLIEeCA Ha 3eNeHOH DOCK. 
‘Darypa jexala TAK CKOPYKNBUIHCh, ITO e1Ba O6HAPymRuBaa 
yenoBbyeckia oYepTania. Llanka He yNana Cb PosOBH, & HIM 

. 6* 


84 TYCPABb A®b FEHEPCTAMD. 


HaBHHY Mach Ha THILO. Buaabiach TONBKO OoponaTan mek, 2a 
yapa XYHHX'b, BOIOCaTHXb PyKb. ,,Y MHBUTeEIbHO, ITO TONOBA 
He pasteThuach“, 10tyMaab lenbMb. TyTh OHS 3aM brush, ITO 
43m TOM WcTH YTONOBH, KOTOpOHw He OHO BHOHO, KpacHad 
KPOBb Kalladia Ha 3eMIN, TAaKb YTO NOLS cCKamMbeH oOpasosa- 
wach ye What ya... 

‘TenbMbB cyqopoxHo oTBepHysica. I[lomuueltickii o6xBa- 
THI ThIO CaMoyOiMUH, YTOOH NOBEPHYTh H OCMOTPBTb eYo. 

— But ono3manu, cylapb, — kakb Bcerga! — pasqaica ro- 
OC. 

HukTo He oTB BTUs M jlaoke He nocmorpbas, KTO CKa3aJb 
9TH CNOBa,—TaKb 6e306pasHoO 98TOTb Fouocb MpepBasth MHCIM 
IIPHCYTCTBYIOMIUXS. OAKHD 3&8 APYTHMb IVA CTatM OTBOpAaIH- 
BaTbCA H THXO yYXOQUTb. ToIHO WpousHeceHo OHNO Ooroxyue- 
Hie w BCBS CTapadqHCbh BO3MO%KHO Ckopbe w03a6HTb O HeMB. 

Korma Toma BOKpyrb MBcTa kaTacTpodH nopbyabua, 
IeNbMb OOpaTHJb BHHMaHie Ha ReHIIMAY, KOTOpad HO Buy 
TAKMe IIpHHaNexkalta Kb pa6ovemy Kaccy. Ona cToswa Boab 
TOKOMHHKa H, Kaaasoch, COBepiieHHO He s3aMhyasa, 4TO BO- 
Kpyrb Hea cTano nycTo. HM ona HocHa Ha cBOen NOHUWeRHOM 
KopTb padovii sHayekb. Ona cCTOANA Cb ONYUICHHHMH ia- 
8aMH, TOUHO HXMata wero-To. 

— Bu anaete ero?—cnpocuab nowuelicKilt. 

JKEHDIHHAa BCH B8ApPOrHysla, COBHO OTb McIyra. 

— Hbrb,—6uctpo oTBbrusa ona 4 OcMOTpbaach pactepsH- 
HHIMH TiasaMH. 

-— Takb woute! Gero BH 3abcb cTouTe? 

Tlonuuetickii noTrepsub teprbuie. Onb BIOKMID Bb POTb- 
CBHCTOKb, YTOOH MpHsBaTb Ha NOMOMb H yOpaTb TpynD. 

JKeEHINHHa MOCIyMasach H YRalwiach, HO JMUIb HacToONbKo, 
UTOOH MM'BTh BOSMOMHOCTH HAAN CAHMAaTb WH BUIBTb, ITO 
npow30hzeTb. Ova OMATS HENOABURHO CTOAIA Ha OHOMD MbCTB, 
TOUHO He CJIHXasa WH He BHIGa Moe, KoTOpHe 6e30cTaHo- 
BOUHO ABHTauch TYMa uU OOpaTHo. 

Oxe lenbMB He MOT OTOPBATh lasb OTb STOW 2KeHNINEH. 
Ha Het On0 cbpoe nausto. Jlesta Ha minanhb Ona abrorgza 
KpacHoH. Ha mupokonolad mana KpHBO cuybna wal JH 
OMb Cb CTPaHHO OJ yRXTaWWMMU rlasaMH, HUYeTO, Kasaocn, 
He BHISBIIMMH. TodHO DPHrBORAeHHHH, CTOAI'b OHD HA CBOCMb 
mbcTb. ,,UTO 3a MeHb CerogqHuA“, TYMalb ond. Y Hero OHIO 
TaKO@ YYBCTBO, OYTO Bb ero MOary OHO YTO-TO OCTAHO- 
BUTbCA, 8acTHTb. ,UTO TOKO He MpOHCXOnUTS ceronua? Uto 
ene Mpousoizerh?« HW papyrb emy upumsa mucib. ,Kakb 
MOMHO NOC BCero CIYYHNBUIAaTOCA BepHyTbcA WomMoH? Uto a 
ckamy oma? Kro Mena molimeTh? Ona—Menbue Bcero!< Onb 
CTA WYMATb O cBoeli *#KCHb, UM Bb TOMb HAUpAKeHIH, Bb KO- 


, 











POKOBMA CHIBI. 83 


e 
TOPOMb OH Telleph HaXxOMUJICA, CMY Kasanoch, 4TO OHD elle 


MHKOra He pasCMaTPHBaIb ef Cb TAaKOH YHHITOMaWMeH pb3- 
KOCTED. To, ITO OHS BUABID WH WepeKvIb Ccerogqys, Kak’ On 
COPBalO B8aBBCy Cb efO XH3HH. OND YBHaTb Cce6A TAaKHMD, 
KakaMb OHS OWI Npexde, Korda OND elle XHIb Bb MAJICHb- 
KoH Me6mupoBaHHow KoMHaTS. Hf Bb 9TOH MaweHbKOM KOMHAaTKB, 
Y3koh u yxb Meu be Bcero KpacuBou, OAb BULBS BeceryH ad- 
PHUHY! AWHBYUIKY, KOTOpaA OHA CYAaCTIMBAa, OTTOTQ, YTO O'S 
®THOCHJICA XOpomio Kb Hel u Kb ex pedeaky. Kb Heli, TyManb 
@Hb, eMY HYXHO OHO 6H OTH cerofqud. HW npn BocnomMHHa- 
Mi O HeH H ex CyobOb ero Upob6upanb xoN0db; OW CoBep- 
MICHHO pacTepaJica OTb CBOAXS COOCTBCHHHXS MHCIeH. 

Bb TOTh %e€ MOMCHTh OHD DOKpacHbib OTh MHCIIH, ITO 
MOKETL Teleph DyMaTb O ce6b. OrNABYBUIMCh, OHS 8aMBTH.15, 
4YTO JBB aMH, OAHY H3b KOTOPHXD OHS 3HATb, DOXOMIIH Rb 
caMoyoikib. Onb crosaH Depey’b HAM, OObATHA YxtacoMh, BF, 
He CKasaBh HH CJ0Ba, TOTIACh we MOBEPHYJIMCh, ITOOH ATH. 
IeHbMb OHIb MMb NOITH ONarosqapeHb, ITO OB Ch HUM He 
saroBOpHau. YXOUA, 3HakOMaA 2aMa DpOMOJIBHJA: 

— YxacnHo! He Morb ou, 1o kKpatveli Mbp, B3ATh peBob- 

Bepa? 
Pa6oTaula, KOTOpyH OHD Takb AOATO HaOIYAaN'b, BCA B3zpor- 
Hyjla, TOUHO NOYYBCTBOBasa ce6a ocKop6meHHOH. [asa wa ex 
chposato-60B0H0OMb HWS 3aropBAHCh, WEKH OXABUIHCH Jer- 
KAM PyMsAHUeM’b. Korda DaMH MpoXoqHJId MMMO Hed, OHA 0- 
‘CMOTPBa TOBOPHBUIeH Bb rasa H THXO Ckasaa: 

— Ecnu-6n y Hero OHM DeHbrW Ha PeBObBepPb, OH OH 
ge 3acTpbaHica! 

BHCTpo, TOUHO NpecarbayemMua, 065 DaMy nocobwusM yiiTH. 
Ha yuUaxt Bb apks Bce ele BUH BIMCh TOANH MYR IUED 
MeCHUIMAD, HallpaBIABOIMxca oMoH. BoTh 3a 61nkainIMMb 
YrOME wCIesIO NOCTbAWee KpacHoe 3HaMA. 


II. 


Bb Ty Xe MHHYTY Oke IeNbMb DOYYBCTBOBAIb Ha CBOCMb 
mzeavh Jlerkoe, OHCTpoe MpukocHoBeHie pyku. OSepHyBOIuCe. 
OHb BECh B&ApOrBYJb. CTOABWIH Nepeyqb HUMDb YeNOBBKD M0- 
-CYBOIHO KHBHYJb eMY YTONOBOH, NOYWTH He CBOTH ilasb Ch 
Bpomcxonamel Mepelb HAM) CLOeHH. 

— Wasberuo, moyemy? 

— Hbrs, — pospasnsrp len. 

— Wnems! Yiinems oTcwoza! 

TosopuBwili OHI YeNOBBKb HU8KAaro POCTa, BHIAMO HepB- 
BH, Cb HEOOHKHOBCHHO GONbDIUME JMUOMS, He 3HaWUIAMb HE 





86 rsCTABb A®b TEREPCTAMD. 
9 


MHHYTH moKos. TpyHo OHO CKasaTb, ITO Ollpewbaado Xapak- 
Tepb STOO AHOa: asa IH, BHCOKIM IH 100b, pPOTbh JH Ce- 
CBOMMH TIY6OKHMHM JIMHiAMH, UJIH Ke, HAKOHELI’b, rycTHe yc, 
CBucaBIie Ha KPyrInH nod6opos0Kb: BHpaxeuie sTorOo AHA 
MBHAJIOCh TAK OHCTPO HM TaKb WacTO, 4TO HeEBOSMOKHO OHAO 
paso6paTh DMOApoosocTA OTA'BILHNX'b wepTs. 

VWna 6oRb 0 6OKb CO CBOMMS CHYTHHKOMS, Oxe lenbMb cTa- 
PaicH PasCcMOTpBTb ero. Bb HEM UPOCHYJacb 6e30Ha BOCHOME-- 
Hanif, BOCOOMHHAHIA HHOMeCKHX'S UBT, DOP HaALexKy'b u 06OB- 
ani, MOpH, Korga ero coOcTBeHHad KpOBb Teka 6ucTpbe. 
Korga-TO OHb Depe'b 9TUMb WJOBBKOM'b LpPekKOHAICH, OHI. 
eMYy OJIH30Kb,—Takb, 110 Kpalinet mbps, Kasanoch emy. HW kakb 
pasb Telepb OH AOMKERD OWN NPHATH, BHHHPHYTb U3b TOA- 
OH, OTTbIsOmMeh BL 6ONbMIOMb roporwb moze Apyrb OTs. 
upyra. , Hero yxacHO HeEpBHHH Bud“, WyMab y4uTeb. Ha 
XOLY Of UNTAJICA BHCYHTATh, CKOJLKO ABTS Opole cb TBXb. 
Nop'b, Kak OHM BHABIMCh Bb LOcrbAHilt pas'b. A On'b CKasaab 
ce6b: ,4To 3B Hero BHINI0?* Oab OHIB Bb DONHOt HeH3sBb- 
CTHOCTH OTHOCHTCJIBHO YeNOBbKa, KoTOPHH ABKOrZa OWIb ero 
pyromb. : 

OHDd MCKaIb CHOBB, HO He HalleN'b HHYerO, KpoM’ OOHdHALO. 
IIPUsHablA Bb HECOCLOATELHOCTH, KOTOPHMD OOHKHOBCHHO H&- 
GHHaeTCA pasroBOphb OHBIUUXb Upysei. 

— J{aBHeHbKO yXb MH Cb TOGO He BHTaIHCD! 

— HW Bapyrb sctpbrunuch 3bep! Jla... pcakoe OHBaeTB! 

TOTh THXO yIHOHYJCH, TOUHO OHJIb 3aHATh COBCBMb He 
TBMb, ITO FOBOPHIT?. 

— CTOKIOJbME paszpocca, — npoxomxanb lesbM'b. 

— Jja, pbako setpbyaenipca. 

Kakb 6H CIMTan BCe 2ke CaMO CO6010 NUHATHHM, TO OHH Opo- 
BeLYTS JeHb BMBCTH, HOBONPUOHBIL OOorHy Tb MowWanb Crypa 
M NOBepHYID Kd Hotel Anglais. Korma lenbMDb ckasadb, ITO eMy 
HYXHO OOLACHHTh 10 TeNeMoHY, MOUeMY OHS He MOKETL UPA - 
TH QOMOH Kb OOBLY, TOTh MONGA KHBHYNB ToNOBOH HW UCTS. 
Korga yiHTelb BCIBOXb 3aTbMb He 3aCTaIb CBOerO COYTHHKA. 
Bb CTONOBOM, MPHCAYXHBaBMIK O6eph - keJIbHePb CKasatb eMy 
IIOMOTOM, TOUHO cooémad HBITO Kpaiine HHTUMHOEe: 

— Tocnoquub ayBokarb HaBbpHo y Oydera. 

Ho TYTb OHDb Kak pasb ABHJICH. Kakb HH Bb YeMb He OH- 
BaJl0, OHS Mpomlesb BCH CTOJOBYH H CBI 3a CBOOOLHNH CTOND.. 

Oke JenbMb CHI MOTGA H AYMaI'b O TOMB, KaKb CKOPO 
CriaxkBaloTca Waske CaMNA CHJIbHHA BoewaTIbHia. Bcero yacb 
TOMY Hasalb Ob Meb 00 HalpaBleHin Kb Lopoay Cb TakHMb 
4YBCTBOMb, TOWHO 3eMIA O02 ero HOraMH KayaeTCHh H Ob 
HM BeCh Mipb, Kb KOTOPOMY OHb UPHHANexUTb, cTyNawTh Do 
ByKaHy. Bcerbyb 3a TBMb OD OHI OYEBHALEMS TAKOH yoRxac- 














POROBbIA CHIH. 87 


HOH cieHH, KoTOpad DoqaHa Oba OH HAaBBKM saleyaTrbrbca 
BB Cepaus yeNoBbka, COYYBCTBYWMaro CBOMMb COOpaTbaMb 4 
HM'BIOMAarO XOTS Mabumee DonATIe 0 CipaBegmuBOcTH. H BOTs, 
CTOHIO CMY WOMaCTbh ONATh Bb TY O6CTAHOBKY, KOTOpyW OHS 
NPHBHKD CIHTaTh cBoeH, ITOOH HeaBHee Bos6yxpeHie MocTe- 
NeHHO YAeErIOCh: TAKS MAO rapMOHHPOBAaIO BCe AMD LepexuTOe 
Ub OSTHMB GlaroyCcTPpOCHHHMS BeECeJIHM'b 8al0Mb, Tb BCB M'BCTAa 
OHH 3a8HATH oerakTHO OBTHMM KaBaslepaMH H JaMaMH, rib 
OHb CaMb CHABIb 38 OYTHIKOH xopomaro Gopnto y ocrb- 
NUTeIBHO-OBNALO CTONa, KOTOPHH Cb MOITHTCILHHMD yYcepiiemb 
HaKPHBab Kb OObLyY Nake BO parb. OAD Takb UPHBHKS 
Kb pbskuMb DepexomamMb orb Ges06paziii wausHH Kb MaTe- 
piaJbHHMb H AYXOBHHMb YOBONLCTBIAMb, ITO OHS, Kakb 
H BCB MH BooOme, MO YA'BIUTD BTOMY NPOTHBOPBYIW Bb CBO- 
ei KH3HH JIMMb MHMOJeETHOe BAHYMAaHie. ,Kb CIaCTb, HHTeH- 
CHBHOCTh HalleH cCOOCTBeHHOH MH3HH He WaeTh HaMb TAaKb 
CHIbHO CTpazaTb OTb BCero“, AyMab Onb. YH, OKAaACh CO CBO- 
MMB COCHAOM, OH YIHOHYJICA DeyalbHo wu MArKO. Jlyma ero 
Ona 1O0Ha BOCIOMHHAaHI 0 TBXD WanekHxb BpeMeHaXt, Korma 
OHH 06a, PasIyIeHHhe NOTOMS KXHSHbN, OHM elle ONH3KH Apyrb 
apyry. A lenpwb WBHBND Apy2x6y OFeHb BHCOKO: Zpyx6a Onna 
nia Hero AyameH UpulpaBow Bb xXH3HH. 

— A TH 110 WpeHeMY CYACTIMBS BS CBoeH CeMeHHOM 2XKHa- 
HH? — cKasarb Ockapb Creiineprs. 

Yate cTazo Teno Ha CepAutb, Kak BCerga, Kora 3a- 
roBapHBadu 0 ero ceMb'S. MHCIH, pasqupaBlia ero AyuIy, moKa 
OHS DepexHBalb BHYTPeHHee CMATeHIe, 8aMOJIKIM, KOra CMA- 
TeHie 9TO MaJIO-I0-MaJly yernoch HW Opomsuo. Ob kasacb 
emMy Telleph TAaKHMH HeJOCTOHHNMH, ITO OHb Cb BeIMIAMIUUMDd 
VHOBOTBCTBIEMh 3a0HIb OH AXb COBepmeHHO. TyBcrBo, 4TO Bb 
MHICJAX CBOHXb OHS 6€3b BCAKALO OCHOBSHIA TOCTYNUIb He- 
CIpabeJIHBO 10 OTHOMeHIN Kb CBOeCH KeH'b, BH3BaO Bb HeMb 
Takoe J[BuxeHie, OyATO OHS UPeKNOHAeTS KOIBHU Bh CBATHIIMOGB. 

— Y mena eme yume, IhMb Torma, Korga TH MeHA M0Cb- 
THI'b,—CKAasalb OHb Bb OTBBTS. 

Bb nocrBXHHXxb C10Baxb 6H10 YTO-TO Bb pox’b BHsoBa. UH, 
TOUHO Kelad CrAaqWTh 9TO BlewaTbHie, OH CIPOCHIL: 

— A TH? 

Crelineprs yinonyijca. Ero Baris CROIb3HiH MHMO leqbMa 
Bb IpOcTpaucrso. 

— He rosopn o60 mab, — ckasarb onb. — SI BHMe.D, 
YTOOH 38a0HTBCA. | 

lexbM DOCMOTPbIb Ha Hero BOIpPOCHTeIbHO. 

— Jia, — mpoyo1xanb ToTh. — PasBh Bb BTOMb eCTb YTO- 
HHOYAb ocoOeHHOe? PasBh He Bch MH HYAXDaeMCA Bb BadBeHin? 
OaMBTb, A He TOBOPW, ITO OPH ZTOM OIXHO ONT ITO-HHOY Ib 


4 





88 TYCTaABh Ab FENEPCTAM LE. 


HenpistHoe. ByBaeTb HeOOXOQUMOCTb 3a6HTb H Apyria Bel, 
KpoMB senpistTaoxb. A Rerko MOry UpexcTaBaTs ce6b cay dais, 
Kora 2KHBeUIL Bb TaKOMb ODbAHeHIM CYAaCTbA, ITO HW 9TO Xv- 
"eTCA 8a6HITb. SHaclb, ITO A DYMaNb, Korda MH BCTPBIMIUCh 
paubiue? Sl AyMadb: BOTh TOKE FeNOBBKD, KOTOPHH umleTb 
zadpeHia. UM bors 3naerb, 06p bib 1M OHS ero. BOTS ITO AYMAN 
A... Ji 3Hal, ITO TH XOUCMIb CKasaTb. Y TeOA MUCAIM Bb M0N- 
HOM) Dopagkb. Th DyMacillb, TAaKb CKasatb, CHCTeMaTHIeCKH. 
TsepqO HM ACHO TH pa3b HaBcersa [lO0BeIb CieTh Cb CAMHM'b 
co6oH, H HTOrb TaKOBb: BCe, 4TO IIpOHCXOLMNTb OocIb Toro, 
Kak'b IpOrpeMHTS BHCTpPBIb, BIH DOWbucTByeTS AA'b, YI UpH- 
pola OOHUHHMb, e€CTeCTBEHHHMb DOPAXKOMb COBePLIHTb CBoe 
‘b10,—Bce 9TO CCTh NAWCbh—MHHYCB HyJb. A CMOTp Bab Ha Je- 
KaBWaro TaMb YeJoBbKa, HW OH'b He MOPS OMpOBeprHyTb ATOH 
MHC. Ho BOTh MOH Barusy'b yanb HA CTOABLUYW TYTb xe 
*KeCHIIMHY. Ji Bubb, ITO A TH HadmOZaNb ee. Jia uHage 
Heb3A ONO. OHa CTOANA TOUHO PaHTAacTuYecKoe BOMLOMeHIe 
yxaca. DaHTacTHyeckoe — 460 oHw OHA MH Mpocra, UW y2Kacua, 
H BCA 11088 eH BONIOMIada yrpo3sy, a He CMOTPBTb Ha Hee OHJu 
HeEBO3MO2%KHO, HW BPAL'b JH BOBMOXKHO O6yDeTb CkOpo ee 3adnHrD. 
Ona LyMasa 0 TOM’b, OOphib IH MOKOHNMKD sadBeHie HU HBr. 
SI BL STOMb yBBpeH. 

letbMb yaAbOBYICA. 

— A 4 BB dTOMb He TaKb-TO yBBpeHb, — OTBBTAID OBL. — 
MoxeTb OHTb, DOTOMY, UTO A Ob CerolqHA TaM’b Ha DIOMaAH. 

— H upanumaap yractie Bb Manuectaliaxh yrHeTeHHhx'h? 
[loxKMMAaNb ,MOZOIMCTYIO pyKky“? 

Oke IenbM> Baqpornyab. Ha ero 1HuUB NOABHIOCh BH paKenie 
Oaropodharo BOsMYMeHiA, KOTOPOe, KasaOCh, CM'BUIMAO ero Co- 
6ecbaunka. 

— QO6b yaacTin Bb MaHudectanin ToBOpuTh He MpuxoyuT- 
CA, — CKasarb Ob COOKOHHO. — YaactTByeTh JM Kakoh-HHOYAb 
OBIHHH YIHTeIb, KaKb A, Bb MAHUeCcTalid HIM HBTb,—9TO He 
BaXKHO. JI OTIpaBMCH TYN& AMMIb DOTOMY, ITO y MeHA OUTS 
CBOOOHHHH jeHb, H MeHA YTO-TO TAHYNO Tyla Bomupeku 
MoeH Bob. H 8 ymeIb Cb TAKMMb UYBCTBOMD, ITO OHIO OH 
XOpOWlo, eC1H-6% MHOPie NOCTYNaIM Tak’b, Kak A. BHTb MOKeTh, 
TOrAa MW OnH OH MeH'be YVAN Apyrb Apyry. 

— Tm qyMaeoib?—npepsars ero Crelineprs. 

— Moxerb 6nTb, Ta, a, MomeTh, B HSTb,—OHIb OTBBTb.—Bo 
BCAKOM®D CJLyIab CTOHI0 6b MounTaTeca. Ho BoTh 4TO A XOTBIE 
CKazaTb: HelocpexCTBeHHO MocAb Tord Kakdb A MpuWletIb OTTy Ma, 
A CTAJIb OFEBHALCM’b TON CLeEHH. SI Bech enle OHI MOND Bie- 
WaTIBHieMDb BCero CAHWMAaHHaro H MepexysCcTBOBaHHare. HM no- 
TOMY 4 BCe BULB He THM riazaMu, ITO TH. Bb BHPakeHin 
SaCTHBIUArO yKaCa, PABIHTOM’ I10 ef NHWy, BO BCeH ea Huryphb 








PORUBHIA CHIBI. 89 


. -@ ACHO B PBSKO BUBNS OLBY JHUWIb MBICIb: HeEy2KeM BCe, Ha 


YTO MH Has’beMCA, NOUKHO KOHTIMTLCA Tak? Heyxeru Wa Hach 
WKTh HHKakuXh Hatexnb? Hau, MomeTh OHTb: CKOIbBKO YeJ0- 
BBR elle TOURHH Takb KOHYATS, Tpemxne YSMb IIpuaer, 
Hallb feHb? 

Ockapb CrelivepTs NocMoTpb7 Ha cTaparo upiateisa. Korga 
OH} OUATE CTA'b FOBOPHT, Bb ero TONOch sByqwasH yxRe Upyria 
HOTH. QHD OHJb THX H- COOKOCHS, & He CYXDb H p'ba0Ks, 
Rakb lipexse. - 

— MoxHO WH TakKb AYMaTb,—CKa3zadb Oud. 

TowHO pacKkaHBadch, ITO OA YCTYUUNb, ITO BHIab TyB- 
CTBO, KOTOPOe XOTBIb CKPHTb Bb ceOBb, OHS Cb NpexuHel pba- 
KOCTb CHpPOCHIS: 

— To, 4TO TH POBOpHIUb, TH DyMaellih CepbesHo? 

— TH COMHBBacHIbCA Bb S9TOMB?—BO3PAasHIb YIHTeJ. 

Ero Majeubkie, rmy6oko Cugalmie rasa 38acBepKaJlH U3b-3a 
@TKOBB. 

— Jia, Wa,—ckazarb afBokaTb,—KvHe4IHO, TH AYMaelllb TO, 
“TO roBopymb. Ho 4TO 9TO AONKHO O8HataTb? A Toe TyMak 
TO, UITG CKasali'b, CCH OpHAaTb (COBaMb HBCKONIbKO Oorbe 
miupokoe 3Hayenie. H Bce xe A CHxKY 3'bcb HU OOBAaNW A Nbw 
Gopno. A, MOwKeTb, BOSbDMY TakxKe CTakaHb Macweph nocas 
o6bia, H raBakCcKyh cHrapy Kb Kode, WH CTakanb—Apyrok BUCKH. 
HM tH taxxe. Huyto Bo BceMb Mipb He MOKETh HAM’ BD ITOMD 
woMbmatTb. Hu Haliv cCTpanaHid 10 NOBOAyY BCBXb HecopaBelu- 
BOCTeH 2H3HH, HH HALIb yKaCb 10 nOBOAY 3Toro CamMoyOilcTBa. 
Upesoyronie; BALHIIb IH, 1paBATb HaMH,—O6yb MH DOsTH BJM 
MHICIBTCIH, PeabHHe NOIHTHKH HH MedTaTeiH, Mapvced WIH 
MHTapyv. HukTo H3b Hach, HH TH, HH A, HE T00WeIb Kb sTOH 
MCHUUH'S, He UPeANORUNb eH PyKy HM He yBeNb es OTTYIA. 
Moers, 3T0 Oba ero *KeHa, HeBBCTAa, CecTpa. BoosH'b BOsMOXHO. 

— 9TO BBpHO,—Bospasub Ore lenbmt.—Ho sto npoucxo- 
AUTb OTS TOFO, ITO HACb YacTO yHepxuBaeTh OOABHL H Hep 
HIHTCJLHOCTb, MOKeTS OTH, Take COCIOBHHe Ipedpascyaku. Ho 
BBIb ThMB He MeHbe TO, ITO MH YYBCTBYEMD, MOKCTH BCe-TAKH 
6HTb HCKpeHHe HM XOpomio. 

— Jla, Ho cna6o,—ckKasarb Crelinepth.—Caa6o uw moTOMy 
MaJION'BHHO. 

Yu4HTelb HABKOTOpOe BpeMA MONTaNb. IloToMb MOTHAD 
riasa HW CKasaIb Oe3b Marbimel wpoHin Bb ron0cb, TOYO 
TOBOPHIb HBITO, CAMO C060! pasyM'biomlecca. 

— [lovemy TH He NuMelIb? 

Tors pascmbasca. Ero MArKad pyka CKONL3HyIa 00 JIHLY, 
TOUHO EMY HYXHO OHIO 4TO-TO CTepeTh Cb HeToO HIM CKPHTb. 

— He mory,—ckazaib onb.—TH BbAb 9TO 3HaelIb. JI OHIMY 
XbnoBHA OyMarH Bb kayecTBS aypokara. 


90 TYCTABS a®b TRASPCTAMS. 


Ore lebMb NOYYBCTBOBATb, ATO OH'D Bb ITY MHHYTY, MO- 
HKETB OHTb, CUMMKOMh MHOFO TosBolsdeTB ce6b. Ho npexne, 
4YBMB OHS CUBIS yLepxKaTbcs, Y HETO BHPBaNOCh ,,MoOVeMy“? 

— TH yxXb pa3b COpalluBasb MCHA TaKb,—Bospa3nb CTeii- 
HepTb XpHnu0.—TH 3a6Hah? 

Ero JIMWO “pas0Mb CTaJlO 2KeCTKUM'’b, Tlaza OYKBaIbHO KO- 
n0m4. Bb rozopb Oxe lenbMa npomMembkKay10 nony3sa6nToe 
BOCHOMHHaHie, BOCHOMHMHAaHIe O pasroBopb, KOTOPHH eMy ca- 
MOMY OHI OGespaaImMyieHb H FYHKIb, O CNOBAXhb, KOTOPHA OND © 
ckasalib, HHYero He AyMad pH 9TOMb, Oo TropsyeH coeH', n0- 
CIUBOBaBDIeH 88 HHMH HW Ob ero COOCTBEHHOMDS OesrpaHHIHOMb 
YRMBIeEHIK 10 NOBOnY WBACTBIA, BH8BaHHaro ero CJIOBaMH. 
Emy kKaagajlocb, ITO OHb elle pasb Depemupaelb BCW ITY 
cUeHy, ITO OH BAUPyYb TepeHeceHb Ha MHOFO IBY Hassall. 
Oub BUbID Ce6A Bb OOLIECTBB TOBApUIMeH U CIHMAab TOTh 
xe THBBHHH Tol0ch, ITO H Tellepb, BUABNb O6OpameHHHMH Ha 
ce6a TB xe Kode rasa H ero OXBaTHNa Ta xe pOOocTh, 
WTO H TOLa, OOA3Hb, ITO OH’ NOMAMO CBOeH BOM NPHIMHAIDS 
Ye1OBBKY cTpayauie. , 

Myoro NOA06HHXD CLeHb ApoucxonHo MexaDy lebMOMD 
CreliHepTOMb, ClUeHb, H& KOTOPH HHKTO 3b HHX'b He CMO- 
TpBIb OYCHb TParH4dHO, HO KOTOPHA BD KOHI'B KOHUOBD pasa- 
YUH WXb. Bb CYMIHOCTH OHH BCerga ONIH IVKIH Apyrb 
mpyry. CoeXHHsIM HXb JIMUb O6mie Dpysbs, a ONHOPOTHHeE 
WHTepeCH HaTasIKHBaH WXb Ha 6e3KOHeWHHe, 6esi'bibHbe WHO- 
ieckie pasroBopH. 

JeIbMb NOXYMaIb BApPylb 0 TOMb, ITO B OH MOMb OH 
BCIOMHUTh DOX06HHA COCHH CO CTOPOHH CreiiHepTa, eciH-6b 
Hayalb KonaTEeca. HW korga Bb rou0Bb ero NPOMeIbKAYyAa VTA 
MHICJIb, Bb HEMb DPOCHYJIOCh Kakoe-TO HeOnpel'bueHHoe IyB- 
CTBO 3I0OH, KOTOpOe BCE elle KANO Bb HEM, XOTA CTONb Od- 
rie TOXH OTABIAIM eFO OT 3TOFO GeNOBhKa, Cb KOTOPHM'’D OHD 
BCTPBIHICA CerowHA COBepMeHHO cy yaHHO. | 

— Sl BUY, TH HadHHaeMb BCIOMMHaTh, — NposouKalb 
CrelivepTb HBCKONbKO Oorbe MATKHM'b TOHOMD. 

— A a TeOB xouy CKaszaTb JIMMIb O20: ANA MeHA JHInat 
cBo607a BHIe BCero, H UPHTOMDb Takad CTeneHb CBO6OTH, 4TO 
TH HaBbpHoe MK He NpeucTaBlsellb ce6b, Kakb MOKXETb YeJO- 
BBKB TpeOoBaTh ef WIA ce6a. SI xouvy uM'brb MpaBo pacnops- 
HKAThCA CBOCH XA3HbH TAaKb, Kak’b m7 XoveTCA. J XOUy MM'STD 
mpaBo caMOro Ce6A pass0puTb, AOBecTH No ru6eiH, 38aMyIATb 
WO CMePTH, CKeCYb HA BHYTPeCHHEM®D Ora’, HW YTOOH HUKTO UpH 
3TOMb He CMBJIb CUpPalluBaTb MeHA, WoyeMy. AH Tpe6yw, ITOOH 
A, CCH MHS yrOAHO, MM'BIb UPaBo CHMThCA, WoBeCcTH Cce6A TO 
ru6eIM pasBpaTOMb UW JerKOMHIcieMb M HMKOMY JO 9sTOrO He 
HOUWKHO ONT HHKaKoro ahaa. TH NOnUMAeLIb 9TO? 


- 


“ 


POKOBHIH CHIH. 91 


Oke lebMb NOXYMab MHHYTY, Upexze BMD OTBBTHTE. 
Ho co6ecBaHukd He Jab eMy POBOPUTD. 

— Bce 9T0 apoio... 3sa6HTO,—CKasalb onb Gombe cno- 
KOHHHM TOHOMb.—MOxXHO MHOP0e CKasaTb 00 3TOMY DOBOLY. 
H To, 4To TeOb Kasanoch TOMa FyYXTHMb, Tellepb, MOXeTb 
6HTb, HOKaxeTca TeOb men'be HeAcHHMD. Bt xH3HU BCAKare 
YeJIOBBKAa MOryTb HACTYNMTS COOHTIA, KOTOPHA pasb HaBceryza 
yOHUBaWTS BCH CFO XH3HeEHHYW oHeprin. [pencrasp ce6b, iTo 
HBYTO Wo06HOe CYyIBNOCh co MHOW. UtTo cxyaqH0ch, H CHy- 
4GHI0Ch TH BOOOWe ITO-HHOYOb, Ha 9TOMb BOUpPOCh A He CYUE- 
Ta HYRHAHMD OCTAHOBIMBATLCA nNoqpobube. TH MOMHAIIb, MOo- 
KET OHTb, TOTh KPYI’b, Kb KOTOPOMY MH, MOONE TOrAa, 
UpHkaliexann. Ob Compnkacalca co BCBMb, YTO pacuBbTaso 
TOra Bb HayKB, Bb UCKYCCTBSB, Bb mutepatyps. Jlyxb Bospo- 
#KNeHiA, Hepepox evi HOCHICA Tora uO BCeH cTpaHB. Kaks 
TOBOPHIb CTapHi 6opeld TaBHO Mpomeimuxs Bpemeu?: ,/i you 
pocayiucb. Crano HactaxkpeHiemb xuTb!* He nepexuBai Je 
M MH H'BITO 10R06H0e? He 4yBCTBOBaIH JH MH BOKpyr’b ce6s 
Bb BOsLyXxh wWBKInXD AyxoBh? He Kasanoch JH HaM’b, ITO Bb 
Hath HW BOKPYMb HaCb HawwHaeTCA HOBaA RHBHb? He uciHTH- 
Bad JIM MH HacuaxyeHie xHTb? BL TO BpeMaA A A CTOJKHYJCA 
Cb ThMH MY2XTHHaMH HM KeHNMHAMH. A donwend Obld CONE- 
3HTLCA Cb HHMH, H DYMQNb, ITO Oonacend NOMMMATH MM PYKY, 
BHUMaTb MXb ronocy. Co BCBMA 4 OJIb HATH, CO BCBMH MYX- 
GHHaMH DO KpalineH mBpb. Tenepb MH BCTpbuaeMca, Kakb 
uyxie. Hamb Heyero CKasaTb Dpyrb Apyry. Odoco61eHHocTh 
3axBaTHJIa HaCb Bb CBOW BIACTh H HHKTO He CIyMaeTb TOM, 
4TO TOBOPHTS Apyron. 

Oke leILMb UpepBasb roBopaAusaro. 

— TH yBbpekb Bb TOMb, ITO HHKTO He Ciymaerb? He- 
ye TH Ha CaMOMb Wb CynTAellIb, ITO CHa O60CcOb6NeHHO- 
CTH TAaKb BesHKa? 

Ockapt Creiineprb pascm’baJica CBOUN' KOPOTKHM) 3aMRHY- 
THMDb CM'BXOMD. 

— He 3Ha0,—oTBbTuyb ofb>.—MHB Takb KametTca. A He 
Ayumi Tayatenb, hmb pyro. Mab Kaxetca, OyATO IIE 
OpOMATb Bb KaKOMD-TO TyMaH'b, He 3Had HAaBBpHOe, KOTO OHM 
co6cTBeHHO BCTpbiawoTs. A TH Boe, KOTOPHe BCTpbiawTca, 
OKASHBaWTCH CTONb DWaleKHMM Apyrb OTb Apyra, ITO He 
CTOHTb yoKe BOSBpalllaTbCA pau HoBoh BcTpban. Ho, Kakb A 
cka3salIb yme, Torfa 60 uHade. Torda BO3yXb OHNb, Kakb 
6m CKasaTb, UpOXlaqHni, OpospayHHii, mo BpeMeHaMb H®B- 
CKOJbKO CYPOBHIi, HO HMM BCe-TakKH MOKXHO OHIO ANIWAaT. 
TIOMAHLUb JH elle TH Halliuw OesKOHeYHHe pasroBoph MO HO- 
GaMb? fl WyMaw, Toryqa A NepexvBas'b Bell, KOTOPHA yore 
He BePHYTCA: TO, ITO HAsHBaeTCH MOJOMOCThW, HU XHSHbW, M 


92 TYCTABh a®b TEHRPPCTAMD. 


Bbpow, WT. 01. MH YHTaNu BCAKYO HOBYW KeHry, BCAKYH fa- 
3@THYIG CTAaTb1IO, aBaBllym TeMy JA HOBaro pasroBopa. Mu 
4aIM HOBHXb KapTuHb HU cTaTyH, Kakb BOJJHYIOWUXS MIpb 
co6nTif, MH MPHCIYWIMBalHCh Kb DapsaMeHTCKUMB Jeba- 
TaMb HM pokand OT BoONHeHiA 38 HCXO['b BCAKUXD BHOO- 
popb. Hach OpuBOAMIM Bb TpeveTb COONTIA BeHKaro Mipa, H 
CMePTb Tepod DOBeprada Hach BCBXDS Bb Newb. DHaellb TH, 
GTO COOCTBeEHHO Tep3asiO M€HA TOrga BCe BpeMsA? 

CrelinepTb HaKJOHHJICH Kb CTOMY WH OOCMOTPBIb CBOeEMY 
Ipyry Bb raaza. Ero co6crBpeHHne riasa ropbIn Kakb On 
PocHopuIeCKUME OeECKOMD. 

— TH He MOXKeDIb 9TOrO 3HaATb,—UpOAOIKalb OHb.—dITO 
CIHDIKOMb MapawokcadbHo. Meus Tepsano To, GTO TH UH BCH 
BH Bb 3TOMb KPYFy, TOBAaPHINH, XOUY A CKkasaTb, CMOTP BIA Na . 
MeCHS, KaKb HAakKakol-TO, Takb CKasaTb, CBbTOUD. Y MeHA OHO 
Takoe 4YBCTBO, ITO BH BCB Yero-TO Tpe6yeTe OTb MeHA, atzeTe. 
qTOOH A 4TO-TO HalHCaNb, Cbiarb, YBMb-HH6yb MpOABHII'h 
ceoa. 

— Jja, BbpHOo,—cka3zalb Bopyrb lenbMb cb HEOONGHOK Win 
Hero oHepriei.—Heyxenu ato 60 TeOb Takb HempiATHo? 

— OTO KaxkeTCA CTpaHHbMh, — Bospasnrb CrelibepTrh,—a 
MesKLY TBM 9TO TAK. JI CTaIb aBokaioM'b. Ji, Kakb FoBo- 
PHTCH, YTHIH3HPOBaIb cBOK AunnoM’b. Ho MHS kazasloch, IT@ 
A COBEPIIHIb Upectyouenie. Bokpyrb MeHA Kakb-TO pas0Mb 
BCe 3aMOJKI0. DHTb MOKeTb, A MOM OH OOBNCHATH, NOVeMy. 
Ho sce 9TO Tellepb TaKb CTapo, 4TO caMoe Ayullee He FOBoO- 
PpHTB 066 oTOMb. Ckaxkw MHB JHDIB OHO: Kakoe BOooonTe 
HpaBoO HMBIM BH—TH, TOBAaPHUIY, Wpyrie AWWA, BoslaratTh Ha 
M€HA OTBBTCTBEHHOCTD Bb 3uataxh, KOTOPHXD A CaMh Ha ce6a 
He BOaiaralb? JIMIHOCTA eCTh AMIHOCTb. KTO uMBeTb mpaBe 
HIM BO8MOKHOCTh BTOPrHyTbCA Bb WyMy Apyroro 4 NpewIMcH- 
BaTb eMY, ITO Wb1aTh? 

Oke lebMB pasropa dca. ‘ 

— Huxto ne umbeTb mpaBa PryOuTh CBOM cnOco6HOCcTH,— 
CKazab OHb—3apHTb CBOH TalaHTh. Cmoco6HoctH o6A3H- 
BaWTb. A Bara, KOTOpHe MM'bellb Ha BEY, ene OOUbMEe. 

— He fouxeHb AW BCAKIH CaMb 3a ce6a p'billatb, ITO Ob 
0683aHb CUbIaTh WH Yero HBT? 

— Paaymberca,—Bospa3suib ywuteib.—J] pyrie 3a TO uMBNTb 
NpaBo CYAMTb ero. 

CreivepTb TOHKO yaHOnysca. Ecun copa lenbMa ero 3a- 
ABBA, OH'b, BO BCAKOMD Ciyyab, He WaBab sTOrO 8aMBTATh. 
Onb OTBBTUID: 

— Ilucano: He cyauTe, 1a He CYRuMH OyzeTe. 

A Takb Kakb leabMb HHMGeFO He BOSPasH'b, OHS UPOMOA- 
Kab. 


POKOBHIA CHB. 93 


— HA BoTh 4TO xouy TeOB ckasaTb. BB name BpeMA H- 
YTS He CNHOIKOMb MAJIO, &@ CJIMDIKOMB MHOrO. Bcakifi xo- 
GeTb TOBOpATb. HaKTO He xoveTh caymaTh. Hadsmonak Kakoe- 
HHOyAb OO6MleCTBO,—H TH YBHAMUIb, ITO A MpaBb. Beakifi cu- 
WHTb TaMb H38b BBRRATHBOCTH H KAETH Mays, ITOH, Hako- 
HEUb, BHICTYMHTh Cb THM, ITO ey camomMYy XOTRTCH CKABZATD. 
Oud XOvVeTH CUHINATE CBOl CO6CTREHHHH For0Ch, XOYeTh Ha MH- 
HYTY BOOOpa3HTb, ITO [Apyrie C1yWMawTh ero BHUMATeLIbH be, YBMb 
OH CIYMadb Uxb. Momo JW BOObWe MpercTaBuTh ce6b, 1TO6H 
GeOBBKE MOrb OOMAHHBATh Ce6H NORO6HHNMA HIOsiamMH? Ho 
aAJIKOPOJb Ablagrhb UP VTOMD cBoe WHO. best akKorouA MH UM He 
ropopum’b. besb wero MH HBMH, Kakb pH6H. IlocmoTpu Ha 
mena! Y MeHA yRD BTOPOM CTAakanb BHCKH. AL Tenepb NouTH 
RpacHopbunsp. HW sa ocTadch UPA CBOeMb> y Hach NUMYTS 
C\HDIKOMb MHOTO. Eeau-6b y Hach CNYINNOCh ITO-HHOYIb Ta- 
K0e, 4TO NOTPe6oBasto GH COCpeMOTOVeHHOCTH HW HalioHasbHaro 
MOAbeMa, T.€. NONPOCTY AKTHBHOCTH,—MH On eme NocmMoTp bru! 

OnzHoro YenoBbKa 3&8 ApyruMB Hauift BHITycTHIa OH Bb 
Tpy6y, a 3aTbMb cTasia Ob KpHyaTh, ITO y Hach HBTS HH 
OHOrO, cmoco6Haro PyKOBOAHTb et. A eCIHON Y Hach wae 
6OH.Ib TakKOH—Kakad 10b3a Bb HeMb? AXb, HBTb—MH On 
ero PaCKPHTHKOBAJIH Bb MYXb MW Wpaxh panbile, TEMb OHS 
ycubib 6 caoBo ckKa3aTb! Y kKaxaaro CBOA Hes, Kakb 
OJUKHH OTS paspbiuienn BcB BonpocH! MHI cTamH cia6H, 6ea- 
CHIbHH. Bipaxenie ,die dummen Schweden“ ropasnqo 6oimrbe 
MBTKO, TBMB JNQH LyMawTs. A mpAMO TpAcychb, korga CANIM, 
Kakb IBeQH, NATHPyA STO BHpamedie, elle CMBWTCH Hal'b Ca- 
MUMH CO60OW. STO yxacHaa camoKpuTHKa. IlonyMai TombKO, ka- 
KOBO Halle nowomenie. Hamu ynpaBiseTh NapsamMeHTh, KOTO- 
pH, ONarofapa cBoeMy 3aMbuatTesbHomMy coctaBy, Boodle Hu- 
yero He BB COCTOAHIN CoObiaTb. OH TpeMATS M0 BCBMDb WBaMb 
H Bb 60H MOMeHTL rposuTb pacnactsca. [lanatw ycTrpoenu 
THINS WIA TOPO, YTO6H TpPOTHBOABUCTBOBATA APyr'b AP\ry, ITO 
ond, 00 MBpb BosMoxHOCTH, WU Dbaawrs. Y wach eCTb BHCIiA 
KIacChb, KOTOPpHH Bo TOTO UpecHWeHb, ITO eCABa BH COCTOAAIM 
TlepeBapHBaTb HILY WH COBepHIeHHO yb He BB COCTOAHIM Ty- 
vaTb 6e3b coupta. Y HaCbh HHKAAA Nanata, Bb KOTOPOH HU- 
KTO He cM'beTh OHTb FTOCNOAHHOMB HW HUKTO He XOUeTS ONTh 
pagomb. A Halla BepXHAA MasaTa — nNapogia Toro, BMS 
HbkKorga OHA, WH COMepHHWaeTh Bh HeCKYAbTYPHOCTH CB Ha- 
IMHMH Hapoonsi.nu npedemasumetAMuU, TOPHZOHTH KOTOPHXS po- 
cTHpawtTca He Aamhbe uxe Opwxa. HM 3Haellb TH, Yero He JO0- 
cTaeTh Halliei PepxHet Nanarb uw Gero MB Nepelb ABBHMU He 
pbmuiaeMcA Mpu3sHaTb, MOTOMY 4TO OSTOMY MBIUIAaWTh Hal pel- 
pascyoku? Eii wenoctaerh apuctToxpatin. Tntanb JW TH TWap- 


94 TYCTABS ADH PRBEPCTAM. 


waMeHTcKie eOaTH CeMBICCATHXD H HaIaIa BOCbMHJeCCATHXD 
roloBh? 

— HBr. 

— TlowntTal, TOrma YBHIMIUb, ITO A UMBY BB BUY. Kakott 
NOWeHHHH, TpekpacHhHi KoncepBatTuams! Crapocsbrckili, orpa- 
HHUICHHHM, HECBOeBPeMCHAHH, Nomary. da TOrMy6oKo yecTHyit 
KM cBBLymI. Oru padpnkasTH HW FHHOBHAKY, elMCKONH, 0M- 
IMKM WH BOeHHHE MONyuaH COBCBMb He TO OOpasoBpanie, TO 
uu! Kynprypa 6a Bb 4Xb KpoBH. Bb HAXD FYBCTBOBAICA 
AYXb CTAapHXd BpeMeH'’. [loromMy OHM MOrNH TOBOPHTS O HUX, 
H 1800Cbh HXb He 3BYTaTS PaibwWbw, MU Ppash WXb He OHIH 
NYCTHMH. ITO OHM ACTHHHHe WIBeqH, He CMOTPA Ha BCB AXd 
HeOCTaTKH, HW 39TO OHI apucToKpaTH! CirbyoBaTeLbBO—Bparu 
Beskaro c6pona! Ho sto emle He 3HaqHTb—Bparn Hapona. A 
¥YTO Y HAC Tellepb? 

Oke IenbMb pasropsunsca. CHIbHHA CIOBa TOBOPHTbh OD 
Bb 3allHTy HOBaro BpeMeHH UM TOBOPRAh AZonro. 

_— Hame BpeMA Hallo HOBY) apHCTORpaTi,— KOHIUIS 
_OHb,—apHcTokpaTin o6pasonanis. 

— Haile BpeMaA Hallo HOBy) apucTOKpaTin,—oTBbTBIS 
xon0qHO CTelinepTh,—H OHA B80BeTCA APHCTOKpatTieW ener, 
WTO IpelcTapmaeTbh co6oi contradictio in adjecto. Uro takve 
TBOA apucToKpaTia? He6oupmofi Kpyrb ACTHHHO nmpocBboten- 
HHX} HM OOpas0OBaHHHXb Welw, riaBHoe 3aHATIe KOTOPHXS 
COCTOMTS Bb TOMS, YTOOH MORO3spbBaTb H YHAKaTh APY 
apyra. CuHMadb IH TH KOTa-Hu6yAb OT3HBb NMCaTeIA HIM 
XYHORHUKA O KHYTaXb WIA KapTHHaxh Apyroro? A uxb cJH- 
anh, H 3TH OT3HBH BHYDIMIH MHB CMepTeIbHHH cTpax’b. 
HW 3Haellb JH, YTO 9TO 388 CTpaxb? OJTO TOT Ke CTpaxh, Ko- 
TOPHH 3aCTaBIAeTh JIOUMaHa BS NO¢Nbwili MOMeHTS OTKa- 
8aTbCA OTb KOMAHIH BW He AaeTh CMY ABUHYTHCA 110 AHKUMS 
BOIHAaMb, KOra pasiaeTcCA CHTHab, Npeaynpexzanomi 06% 
OMaCcHOCTH. 

CrelivepTbh BIPYrb 3aMONGab, ONMHb MOMCHTh CMOTP BIB 
Ha lenbMa, H HacMBOIUBaA yIHOKA OCBBTNNa ero IMO. 

— TH HaxOZMIUb, ITO A NpeyBeMIvBAW,—NposouKayb 
OHb.—A MexK]Y TBMb A CKaszaJ’b elle He BCe. BB TOMB 10J0- 
HKeHIH, Bb KAKOM'D A HAXOKYCh Tellepb, A He YacTO TOBOPWO Tak’h, 
Kakb TOIbKO ITO roBopuaAb. IlosToMy A TOBOpW TaKb MHOrO 3a 
pasb, HW eCJIH 9TO HHKOMY He HY2KHO, TO HY2XHO MH’ CaMoMy. 
Ha 4eMb 4 TONBKO ITO OCTaHoBHICA? JJa,—uTO y Hach Tellepb 
ecTh? Y HACB eCTb CTOIHUA, KOTOPah XOVeTh CTaTb MYXOB- 
HHMb WeHTpOMB H He MOKeTb. BooOmle, xetaTh HW MOUb—93TO 
Bb Haleli cTpaHb BB Bella pasHHs”. Ha cronully CMOTPATS 
Cb HeOBbpiemb MpOBMALiv, T. e€. BCA CTpaHa, CoBepIeHHO 
OTGOPBAaHHAH OTb He; OHB He TYBCTBYNWTDS HHKAaKOH CBA3A HH 


Qe 


POKOBHIA CHAU. 95 


Mexy co6oH#, aH cb Hep. Orb CraHin AO sanagnaro n06e- 
PexkbA Jareko, NOBBpb MH'B, He TONBKO Ha KapTb! Muy BcB aT 
sHaewmb. A Korma WABIO HIeCTh O YeMb-H60 BaXKHOM, ITO 
TOrfa? SIBIAWTCA, MapraTanwh. OH DOABIANTCA Bb Oponin- 
paxb H razeTaxb. TloguTai wHOH pa3sb cTo6uH ,coo6meHik 
M3b Dy60uKH“ HW MOCMOTPH, 4TO TaMb HanHcano. bescaasHaa 
Gym! Cymac6polaHA HoeKKY, BHMYYCHHHA MOsTaMH, OKOCTe- 
HBBOIGMH Bb ORHBXb NHUIb YaCTHOCTAXS HW HE CTOWIMIA Ka- 
koro-1H60 o6cyxmeHin. Kaxanit umberb cBou pelelTh Hu 
BUOIHB yObayeHb, TO, ecun6b nocrbaospanu emy, Iilpenia u 
Bech Mipb OnJM OW coaceHh. Hurgh mapratanh Tak He 
ycrbpanrsh, kakb y Hac. llaplaTaHb Bb XeHCKOMD BOMpocs, 
Bb BOIpocb 0 Mupb, BB padotemb BOMpoch, Bb Bompoch o 
TpesspocTH. Hbrb, 9TO He Tak’b, Cb NOCIBAHHMS BONPOCOMdb 
BAO O6cTOHTS AyIMe: Tenepb, WHACTBUTENIBHO, ObOTb MeHbIIe, 
abMb uUpexue. Ho 3Haelib JH, YTO Camoe xXyqukee pH sToH 
HEHCTOBOH WpeodpasoBaTebHOH TOpsAIKS, 3BaeWb ato? To, To 
Hab BCBMb 3THMDb Heb8A axe nocmBbaTEca! Ecam xe 10- 
CMBbemIbCs, TH BCTPBTHIMIb OFCHb YOHHBICHHHH BSrAAdb (A NoD- 
pasyMBBan HallWXb CBOOOROMHICJIAUIUXb; Apyrie, KoHneuHO, 
CMBWTCA, YeMY A COBCBMD He YHBIAWCL), WH TH CeHyach xe 
4YBCTByYeIIb, ITO TH OCyxRgeHD. ,Ara! Tenepp mab KpHkKa! 
Ob yMaeTh, ITO A HeMOcTATOUHO CepbeseHb. SI—KomeianTs. 
St nenoywrutenent!“ CrpaHHo ONTb CONNeMeHHBKOM) bespMana 
H BHI'BTA Takoe TageHie WMopa. 

IenbMb Crymanrb Crefinepta u Bce O0NbMIe YyHBIAJICA 
TOMY, ITO CUIHMaTb HU BULB. Cb 9TUMS YNOBBROMS MpoUuso- 
Wisia Hepembua, UH packpHTiA KOTOpoH y Hero HBTS KI. 

O6a co6ecbaHuka ocTaBuin kade. babag0 BHbIAINCd 
aeKTpuyeckie doHapH Ha CBBTIOMS MalickoMb HeOB. YauOu 
‘OHH TO1HH JIOULMH, HaClameTaBUIUMMCA CBBKHMb BeCeHHEM’Db 
Boslyxomb. Craphe TOBapHilH, He BuAaBMie Apyrb Apyra 
TaKb Jomro, He pasctanucb. OKe lenbMb BApPYb BCHOMHAID 
Npo_ omHAaBmiee ero OOmseCTBO H TeNe*OHHPOBab, ITO He 
upuneTh. Onb Hw CrefivepTh om Telepb 20 TOTO MOMeATA 
6ecbiH, Korga HHKTO yxXe He AyYMaeTb 0 TOM, ITOOH pasol- 
THCb, KOra MHC, COaBMis Bb OLHOOOpasiv MOBCeAHeBHOCTH, 
NpocnnawtcA, Kora HUKTO He 3HaeTh, IPiATHO IH eMy Bb 06- 
mecTsb Apyroro, HW OCTaeTCA NHUIb NOTOMY, ITO CHa HHepT- 
HOCTH MBulaeTh O60uMB pasctTaTeca. Ilostomy OHA MIponod- 
Kai pasroBapHBaTb, MUTb, OOMBHHBATBCA MBICIAMH, TOFHO 
OOANHCh OMMHOFECTBA HIM HIB, ITO U8b BCBXD CKA3IaHHHXd 
CIOBb MOUYITCA, HaKOHeL'b, KAKOH-HHOYAb CMHCIb. On OHH 
Tetiepb Bb KopuseBckoMb cay. CkBo3b JMCTBY Meplasa, mpo- 
HHsaHHad JYdaMH CBBTa TeMHaA BOMa CO CBOHMM Isy6oKO 
4pioueTOBHIMH BeECe€HHHMH BOHAaMH, Ha KOTOPHX, MOANMAaACh U 


96 TYCTA®b A®'b [RHEPCTAM'’D. 


OMyCKaAch, KaqaJicd CBBTb donape. TemMHnli, cepbesHni, Ta- 
eH, NMOTHMaJIcH Hab BCBM’b JanqWapTomMh dacal'b 3aMka, 
HBMOrO WH 38MKHYTarO, TOFHO OHS, Aadekii oTh NOBCeMHEBHO- 
CTH, TOBOPHJ'h Cb CaMHMb C060 ABHKOMb MHHYBIUHXD Bpe- 
MeH. 

A Ockapt CrefinepTb sce ropopuib Toro HeynepxumHl, 
HeH3caAKaeMHM KIOUb, TEKH C1IOBa Usb ero ycTrb. Ha anh 
ero BHPaskaloch HeBBpOATHOe HaNpAxenie: poTh ero packphi- 
BAJICA H 8AKPHBAICA CYA0OpORHO HW HeecTeCTBeHHO, a Masa cTa- 
HOBHIHCb BCe Oombe WyCTHMH H YHHJIBIMK. 

Hakonelb, 068 Apyra O4YTAIHCh Bb ONHOMb yruy Kade 
bompmok Onepy. Jiyxota Ona aBamad, UYMb afcrill. 
Bech Kade OJ T1010Hb 8HAaKOMHXDS JH, Wome cBbra u 
(puHaHCOBaro Mipa, MomMTHRH uw UpeccH. Kasanocbh, uT0 THCAIH 
aoe CTapalwtTcH OMHOBpeMeHHO epekpwyaTb ApPyrsb Apyra. 
Mexb cToJamMH IPOTUCKUBAINCh KesIbHepa, HeCH Ha BHICOKO 
NOWHATHXS PyKaX'b TpoMalebimie wOMHOCH cb OYTHAKaMM 1 
cTakaHaMH. HospompH6mBaBmie CTy Iau 0 CTONb, ATOOH Npu- 
BI€Y BHHMAaHi€ KeNbHeEPOBb UH AO NOMYHOU MOUYYMTb Tpe- 
Oyemoe. 3a CTOJOMD BB CpequAB 3ab, TOS 6PoHs0B0H HUM- 
- DoH, roBopuab Kakou-TO GeNOBBKS. COBb HeNb3A OHNO paso- 
OpatTbh, CHOMIHO OHNO WHIb, ITO OH YTO-TO PasCKa3HBaeTh, 
TaKb Kab, C1B& OND OCTAHABIHBaCA, Hib cpeqh oOOmecTBAa 
Kb KOTOPOMY OH O6panlaica, pasqaBanuCbh B3PHBH XOXoTa. 
Jiuua OHM pasropsayeHh HM KpacHH. HKoe-ryb cBepkasa mapa 
CIIOKOHHHX'b, TPyCTHHX’b Piasb, KOTOpHe, Kazatocb, MWpuCMa- 
TPHBaJIHCh KB OTOM CTpaHHOH KapTHHSB W AyMaJIW Hanh Hen. 
Ho OHH MOrM BJiATb He OoNbie, ThMb sHAaKOMH Aaerif 
MOTHBD, KOTOPHH TOHETbh Bb JNOICKOMb DIyM'. 

— [Jonymaii Tonbko,—ckaszaib CrefinepTh,—u Bb 39TOMb MH 
HBKOrAa COBeEPpMIeHHO CepbesHO UpHHHMadH yyacTie! TH, A, MB 
Bob. H kakb pasb Bb TO BpeMH, Korda MH elle CTPeMHIACh 
Kb HAaMBHCIIeMy, Kak pa3b Tora! 

— JJa,—Bospaaunt lerbMb.—MoxeTb OHTh, KAKb pasb N0- 
TOMY MH MW MOTepsJIu BOI AW BBP... 

[nasa Ockapa Crelinepta sacBepkatu, ry6H BalparuBalu 
Tou ycaMu. HKasamocb, ro HadJIOaeMad UMS aaBeb KapTaHa 
MOCTaBIAeTh eMy OCOGeHHOe HacsaxZeHie. 

—- A Bcerda OWNb WIOXUMb MOPANUCTOMb,—CKasadb Ob.— 
Bee 30bcb AAWb ANA Toro, YTOOH OrmywuTe cebs. JTo, 
KOHEYHO, OYCHDTpPyOHH cmocoOb Orlymienia, HO 8a TO HanGombe 
BhpHHH. Hukakad iponoBbAb TpesBoOcTH He MOMOReTh TO TXB 
noph, Woka 6yHeTh CyuiecTBOBaTh 93Ta TIy6oKkaA MoTpe6HocTs. 

Enasa Creliveptb Ckasalb 93T0, cpeaH oomaro DyMa paa- 
Magica cTpawinyi sBonb. CbazoBnachiii, WHpoKonmeyill rocio- 
HuN'b, Whiad warb Hagal'b, HaTOKHYJCA Ha KedbHepa, KOTO- 








PUKOBHIA CHIBI. 97 


f 


pHi Hech nomHHH nogHocb. IlocrbyacTBiemb cTrouKHOBeHIA 
6hHila Kya pas6uTaro cTekla, MYMb y CTOJOBb, H&a KOTO- 
pe NomaH OCKOIKH, H TpoMRifi KPH 4M pyrabb HO aypecy 
HH Bb YeM'b HEMOBHHHALO -KerbHepa. Toro copBaBlasca cb 
cBoeH OpOuTH KoMeTa, ChUOH TOCHOAMHE CTaNIb MeTATbCA MeXKTY 
CTONaMH H BAPyrb BCTPbrusca riasaMu co CreliHepTomM®, KOTO- 
paro OH}, BHIHO, 38Hab; OHS TOTYACh we NOTPACh eMY PYKy, 
oKasHBad IPH 9TOMb He COBCBMb UHCTYH MAaHUMIKY H PAIS 
He€PpOBHHXb ReCITHXS 3¥60Bb. JaTbM}b OWb OMYCTHICA Ha CBO- 
6O0HHH CTYIb, YCTABHIS NOKTH Bb CTOND, CTab OrIALTHBaTb 
o6ouxh apyseii CBOHMH MYTHHMH, CJIOBHO CTeCKJIAHHHMH IJia- 
3aMH, CO CMBXOME, KOTOPHH OWKeHD OH 3BYIaTb HeIIpH- 
HY eHHO, & Ha CaMOMS WHIB sByialb ckopbe 3aHcKHBanlle, 
H CKa3zas: 

— Ara—BHCcku! 

Crefineprh Opocurb Ha CBOero cobeCBOHHKa B8IIATb, Ko- 
TOPHMD Kak’b OH M3BHHAICA 88 COCBIUCTBO c'BUOBMAacaro rocio- 
WHa, H KOPOTKO CKasaJiB: 

— MbBcto 3aHaTo. 

— HA Takxe 8aHATb,—OTBBTHIB TOTh HaXOUUHBO. 

Ob CTarb OFIATHBaTbCA, KaKB OH BULa KOLo-TO. 

— Sl HINy CBOW KOMMaHiN,—OOBACHHID OH. 

Cretivepta 3TO, Kasasi0cb, 8adaBsIAJO. 

— MoxHo yaHatb, kTO sto? Momerh, MW ee BUN? 

Chyoprachii crbuarb G6ombuloe ycusie BHUPAMUTA cIHHY 
H NOKOCHICA Ha TOBOPAMAarO Cb HeEAOBLPYHBHM, 38JIHMD BH- 
paxkeHiemh ma. 

— Mou nonutTuyeckie Apy3ba,—ckasalb OHb Cb CaMono- 
BOIBHOH yHO6KoH. — CnacH60, 4TO TH MHB HalOMHHJIb 0 
HX?! 

OHB CXBaTHIb pyky CreiigepTa, KOTOPyH TOTS ctTapasca 
BHPBaTh, UH, KpBOKO CTUCKHBAA ee, IpPOROIKaATD: 

— SH xoay Te6B koe-3TO cKasaTb. TH BCerga 6b IN6e- 
3eHb CO MHOW. HbBrb, He OpekocaoBb. TH oTHeCcA KO MH'B Xxo- 
pomo. Ilostomy # xo4y OHTA YeCTHHMB M0 OTHOMeHIN Kb 
Te6Ob HH CKkaxy TeOB mpapay. LUlbeqckad nommTuka HU Kb 
yopry He roguTca. Tlogemy? Ilotomy 4To BCe elle He HalijeHb 
HacTOAmii GeNoBbKEE bocrpemb He roqutca yxe. VW 3a Bech 
KaOHHeETh MHHHCTPOBB A HM pomla He amb. Boobme Bb 
Esporrb ecTb uu ckopbe OHM JHIIb TpH YesoBbKa, OHH- 
MaBoiie NomMTHKY. OXHHB H8b HAX' YMEPb. 

TyTb OHb DOAHeECh KO PTY CBOW IhBYW Pyky, a MpaByn, 
KOTOPOlO OHS BCE BpeMA CYMOpOHXHO CmRUMAID pyKy Creilf- 
HepTa, MONO%KHIb Ha CTONS H, ITOOH alBokaTh eFO pasciH- 
mah Cpefu 9TOrO WyMa, PABKHYJIb eMy Bb yx0: 

Ansapp. Ornrbar I. 7 








98 TYCTABb A®Db TEHEPCTAM!.. 


— Bucmaprt, kopomb Ocxapt u a. Unn, pbpybe, Bucmaprs 
dua ONHHMb H3b HHXDb. Telepbh AHDIb Koponb Ockaps wu 4. 

CrazaBb 9T0, OH oCcTaBub pyky Crefizepta u, moKkaw- 
BaAch, MOMHAJICA CO CTya. XHTPO MlypaA raza, OHS UpHOaBuNs: 

— Ho 9Toro ons He NOUWKeHD 3HaTD! 

Kto 6H 29TOTb ,0Hb“, ChHOBIAaCHH He OObACHHIE A, Ipo- 
Oupaich MeRTY CTOMMKAMH, HCIESh BH TOTS 

— TH BubIb, Kakb OND ONT CIACTIUBS, BHRIALWBAA 
CBON BeJMKYH Taiiny? A yRb He pasb CHHWAaTb BCe 9TO, H 
TO Ke CJIHMam Ww MHOrie gzpyrie. [lopbpb MAB, Ob 9T0K 
MHCJIbW xHBeTh. besb HeA OHS HE MOPS OH CYMIeCTBOBATD. 

— Kro xe ob TakoH?—cupocurs lemme. 

— [lsext,—cyxo orpbrurs OCretineprs.—Hau, ecm Bypa- 
3HTLCA TOUHBe: OHH W38b TSX, KOTOPHe OXOTHO 380BYTb 
ce6a DIbelaMu. 

OHB MOII& IIOTHYIb H38b CBOeETO CTakaHa H, O6panlasch 
KD leIBMy, DpowonKars. 

— Jia, TH cu‘bempca. A takxe cubwocb. Ho He Takb, Kakb 
TH. UenoBBKS, TOMbKO ITO OTOMeTMI OTb Hach, eCAHHCTBEHS 
Bb CBOeMbB BeIHT. OHB Takb BeNIHKS, ITO HAKOrIA HH- 
yero He cabuarb. HW Tak Kakb JNM ero He NOHHMANTS, OH, 
10K He UbAH', CKPHBaeTh CBOM MHC. Ecun-6b OH 9TOTO 
He Whuarb, ero OH TaBHO 3acaqHaME. 

— TH xoWeIIb CKasaTb, ITO XapakTepHoll yepToh iBeqa 
ABIAeTCA Kakad-HH6yXb MaHif, KOTOpad BCeLbIO BUAaTberTh 
UMb? OOHKHOBCHHO OH'b CKPHB2eTh ee, HO, KOA y Hero pas- 
BASHBAeTCA ABHK, CTO CyMacmiectTBie OOHapyXuBAeTCA? 

CreliHepTb yCTaBHJICA ria3saMH Bb OOaka TadadHaro THMa, 
TOYHO BHAA HBITO OCO6eHHOe Bb STUXS HPakTacTHyecKHXd (pu- 
rypaxh, KOTOPHA Waban Bb BOsLyYXB. TpyHHo OHO CkasaTb, 
CIYMANIb IH OHS BoOOOme cBoero cobecbaHuKAa HH HBTS. BH- 
paskeHie ero WHIa CcTaso BAUPyI"b TaKHMb pascbAHHHM®, TOUHO 
eTO MHCHHTCIbHHM alnapaTh Tepectrarh PyHkoionMpoBaTb. 
YCTaIHMb TOHOMS, COBEPINeCHHO He NOXOZMBIIMMS Ha pexHilt, 
OKpanmleHHHH CTpacTbW H xKesabiemb OopbOH, OHS CKasasrb: 

— SHaelb, KakKb 30BCTCH CHHCTBEHHHK Klacch Hallnxhb 
corpaxklanb, Bb KOTOPOMb JIMYHOCTH, UpH COBpeMeHHOMD pas- 
BuTin [Iseniu, He WyBCTBYNWTb ce6a Hs80UHPOBaHHHMH? 

Oxe IenbMB HacTtopoxuica. Toab CretHepta OHIb coBep- 
Me€HHO CBOOOTeHD OTh TOM DIYTIMBOCTH, KOTOPaA Takb pasqpa- 
Kalla ero BCe BpeMs. 

— HBrb,—ckaszalb On. 

— Pa6ouvili,—6H1b oTBbrh.—A Morb OH CBON MHICJIb pas- 
BUTb Tompodube. Ho Tenepbh A He Bb CocTOAHIE. 

Oke lebMb CMOTPBIb MO1Ia HW 3a_yMIMBO Ha CBOW CHrapy. 
CreivepTb, KOTOPHH He KYpHIb, 6e38b BCAKOL MBICIH Bb Lo- 


POKCBHIA CHIH. 99 


OBB GeslpectaHHoO UpoOBOAUAB pykKaMH 00 NYTOBHWaNb CBO- 
erO KRHNeTa BBEPXb H BHH3'b, TOUHO AOWKCHD OWITb BO ITO OH 
TO HH CTANO .COCTHTATh UXB, YTOOH 3allOMHHTb AX CIO. 
Bapyrsb YepTH CTO IPOACHHHCh MHOTO8HAYHTeEIbHOH YAHOKON, 
TaKb 4YTO eFO AO CHXDB DOP HOUT MpayHoe NHOO pasoM’s Mo- 
JYIHIO coBChMb DOOPOLyOIHWH Bay: 

— 4 HCOHTA&Nb BCero NOHEMHORKY HA CBBTS,—CkKasasrb OH'b.— 
A wWyTemecTBopanb, rpesnib, padoTtarb, Ses bibpwiarb, — 
Kakb Ciyaanoch. Telepb A 3a b3sb BE CBOK yrorb. UM tam a 
TOpYy BB cBoeH NNOTHO BanepToH KomHaTS. Pasowe IDLH Dpa- 
XOWATH H yxonaTs. HW A DOMOrarb UM, NOCKONBKY MOrB. A 
NONYYHTb HBKOTOpoe yOBIeTBOpeHie Bb TOM, ITO Co3sHaW 
Cce6a pallakaoMb, He TpaTA Ha 3TO HMWerO, H KaKoe sacbla- 
Hie Bb paTyuIb JocTaBaeTh MH'B HeEOIuMcyeMoe HaclaxTenie... 
Kp coxarhaiw, sTO yoBoNbcTBie Moe OMMHOKOe, UBB YerO TH 
MOKeLMIb BAABTb, ITO A FOBOPHI 00 COOCTBeEHHOMY OUHTY. T bub 
He Menbe a Thmy ce6a uuwsiel, ITO NOBpeMeHaM’ NPHAHOLIy 
HBKOTOPyW omb3sy. A 3TO BCe-TaKH YTO-HHOYIb a 3sHadHurs. 

OTO Toc banee coobmenie HenpisTHO Mopasvso JembMa. 

OTO Cb yIHOKOH mpoBosrnmamieHHoe MpusHanie cBoero OauH- 
KPOTCTBa BH3BaI0 Y NONORUTENBHO HacTpoenHaro lenbMa He- 
JOBONBCTBO H, TAaKb KAaKb OHS CaMb CAMUIKOMb MPHBHKS Ty- 
MaTb IPAMOJMHEHHO HW HEMOCpeACTBEBHO, TO CMY Aaxe Bb Lo- 
JOBY HE IPHXONUNO, ITO STH CNOBA, OLITh MOMETh, codepxRaTh 
Bb ceOB KakoH-TO CKPHTHH CMHC, KOTOPHA 1A ToBopsmaro 
OHI BAKHbe CaMHXb CHOBD. EcuH-64 OHS WpPoverb 9TH COBAa 
BB Kakol-1H60 KHMIB pb3sko NOLIeEpKAYTHMH HW Bb BCTHHHOMDS 
OCBBIICHIM, HXb CMHCJb He YCKOUB3HYb OH OTB Hero. Ho, 
Korga OH YCIHMaIb UXb Bb WbHCTBUTCIbHOCTH, OHH WokKasa- 
JHCb CMY 2KE€CTOKHMH H OTTAJIKHBANIUMY HW BAPYI'b OX1aqHIU 
ero Kb WeNOBBKY, UpowsHecmiemy uxb. [lostToMy Ob HuYeTO 
He OTBBTHIS YU, HalpaBuBh pasroBOpb Bb NpexHHW Koen, 
HIPoOONKaIb pasBHBaTh CBOW UpepBaHHYW MHICJIb. 

— TH, MOxKeTS OHTb, DPaBhb, ToBOpA 064 OTCYTCTBIH BCAKOH 
CBA3H Mey HaMH. DHT MOXETL, MH PIaBHHM OOpas0Mb uw 
cTpayaeMhb OTb 9TOH B3anMHOH O6oco6eHHOCTH. Moxerb, 9TO— 
Halle HecyacTbe. Ito padoyili He Takb CHJIbHO OMlylaerTh ee, 
A @TO NOUYBCTBOBAIS CerolHA, M He TAKb-TO Werko OyeTh 3a- 
OHTb 3TO. 

— TH HaMekaeDIb Ha CKaMBD BB ['yMeJIBCKOMD Cary? 

Tuasa Creiinepta MCKpHIICb, BOKPYI'b ero pTa ONATb 3a- 
Hrpasa CBOeoOpasHad HacMBUInBaA yIHOKAa. 

— TH OpekpacHo 3Haelb, Ha ITO A HAMeKal,—BOspasnIb 
pasapaxenHo Ore lenpMs. 

CrefinepTb BHIIMIb CBOH rporbh MW MOCMOTPBIb Ha TacH. 

— KonewHo,—cKasalb OHb.—S1 TONBKO BOT TO XOTBIS 

7* 


100 TYCTABS a®h PTRAEPCTAMS. 


CKa3aTb: eCCIH-Ob Hallb CO8HATCIbHHM padovilt shah, Kakoe 
cuacTbe He 4YBCTBOBaTh Cce6A U30JHPOBaHHHMb, OB On 
MeHBINeC XalOBaJica. 

— byb yBbpeut, ITO OHS YMBeTh WAHT 9TO CIAaCTbe,— 
PB3ko ckazanrb lenbMb. 

— TbMb ryime. 

IilyMb OCTHTb TAaKHXh pasM'BpoBs, ITO CIIHMeCHb OND. 
JHMM yb, TO YCHIMBAaBMIcaA, TO ocnaédbsapmilt. Wonopnya 
QIeCKTPHICCKHXS JaMIb OHNa yxe Dorameva, HO Nochrureru 
He Tporanuvcbh eme CO CBOHXb MBCTb. Bb nonyThMb BHI'bIA- 
IUCb JHUa Hiasa, MOUTH HeysHaBaeMHle, Noch BCBX 9THX'b 
OOHILHHXS BHHEHXS BosMiaHilt. Y ABepu, Yepesb KOTOPyW 06a 
codecboHuka pou Bb NepeqHNW, CTOANb YcTaIni KeJb- 
Hep, NO YCOHHHH, He CMOTPA Ha OKpyxanulil mys. Wpoxsan- 
HHH HOWHOH BOsyxb Mon BAcTBOBaATE Ha HAXh 38MBIATCIBHO- 
O1aroTBOpHO. 

— Hpemp nomol?—cnpocu1b yates. 

HM, TOUHO Kean UCHpaBUTh UPOMAaX'’b, Bb KOTOPOMS OH CaM. 
ce6a ylipekasth, OH ApyxkeckH mpHb6aBu: 

— Kakt abia y Te6a noma? 

CreitepTs NOCMOTPBIbB eMY Bb Tilasa H CHOKOHHO OTBB- 
THD: 

— IInoxo. Hugyero He nozBaraemp! 

CioBHO 60A8Cb LanbHBUMUXS BOMPOCOBS, OHD Docu bIMLTS 
ompomatTpea. Oxe lebMb BUXBIb, Kakb OBS yoaanca 6n- 
CTpHMH IvaraMH. He orasayWBanch, OND y LepKBH CB. SkoBa 
NOMOSBANb USBOZSIHKA, CBI U UCciesb. MefeHHO NOMeNb yq- 
Telb Ha JIPOTTHHICKYN JULY. 


IIT. 


Oxe IexbMy OHNO CoBCBMB He 10 CeOB. JTO NponONKUTeNb- 
Hoe copMBcTHOe Mpe6uHBaHie co CrefinepToMh, aTH BOsb6yxKTan- 
nie pasroBOpH MW Tropayad urpa MHCIeH BHBeIH eTO H2b PaBHo- 
Bbcia. BoeyaTrbuis, BOCOPHHATHA HMB NO DoNyawA, On 
CHIbHH H WBIbHH. Tellepbh 2Xe OHH BAPyIrb Hawa KasaTbcoa 
MY PpasBOCHHHMH, PasxXHKCHHHMH, PACTBOPABINUMUCA BD IIpo- 
IIHTAaHHOH COMpPTOMb pecTopaHHoOH SouToBHS. Onb Ty SRrBoBaTh, 
YTO Bb eo MOSry, NON TAPOCTHHMD) IVRUMD aBpslenieMb, Me- 
yeTCa KakoOH-TO xaoc’b, MW WaBeHie 9TO HCXOAHI0 H8b TYRKAXd 
MHCNeH, KOTOPHA Tak'b HaCHJIbCTBEHHO CNNeIHCh Cb ero co6- 
CTBEHHHMH, ITO CMY Kasalocb, OyMTO OHB COBCBMBb He Bb CO- 
CTOAHIM OTI'BIUTh CBO MHC OTb MHCHeH Apyroro. 

To, 4TO OHS HA MpOTAKeHIH BCero OOpaTHaroO NYTH TOIbKO 
WH Wblatb, ITO KpuTuKoBaTB Ockapa Crelinepta u BCB ero. 





POKOBHA CHIH. 101 


CHOB&a H TNOCTYURH, 6HN0, OHTb MOReTh, HHIBME HHHMD, KaKb 
caMosalluToH. Kakb GOyTO 9TOTB YeJOBBKb, Bb oOmecTBS 
KOTOparo OH WpoBesrb Bech eHub, BCe ele Web PALOM Cb 
HHMb,—Takb ACHO OHS BAUBITE Wepedb co6ow ero AHO, TO 
ThHWawmee CTpacTbwW, TO BAPYIb yracawmlee OT YCTasoOcTu, TO 
IPHHEMaWlee BHPaxeHie ropyaimieH HpoHiH, BHesallHO CM'B- 
HAeMOH BHPaxeHieMb MATKOCTH. HMeHHO 93Ta DOCIBIHAR YepTa 
Ockapa Crefinepta Ona Kpaline cuMnatTuyaa Oke lerbMy, H 6naro- 
apa sTOH HMeCHHO YepTB Bd Ayub ero Bcergza RIO KakOe-TO 
4YBCTBO Kb STOMY FeNOBBKY, TYBCTBO, KOTOParo OHb HUKOrAa 
He MOIb OKOHYATCIbHO 3a6HTb. BB o6mectBB Crefigepta ob 
HHKOrga He YYBCTBOBANb HORS codok TBepwol noyBH. BHO 
BpeMa, Kora OH UUTANb Kb STOMY YeNOBBKY Dake p'BULATeAb- 
HY) aHTHMaTin. Kasanoch, 6yXTO UX MHCIM CTpeMATCA APyrb 
Kb Dpyry, HO HHRaKS He MOryTb BCTpbrutsca. Bors moyemy 
leHb, WpPOBexqeHHHH Bb od6mectBB Creifinepra, Bcerga Oosrbe 
JIM MeHbe BHBOJMITb ero H3b paBHoBbcia. MH ato, OHTb MO- 
KeTB, OHIO NPHIBHOH TOTO, 4TO OHD KOrya-TO oOTCTpanusica 
OTB CBoero Apyra. EMy IpPMIN0ch BHHeECTH TAxKeIyNO Oopboy, 
qTOOH O6pBcTH TO yMleBHoe paBHOBcie, KOTOPOe ABIANOCH 
onopol ero xH3HH. OHD 8a Tocrbanie ToqH ycTalb OTs ,,pas- 
WBOCHBHX) HaTypb“. BS MONOMOCTH OH CTOUKHYJICA Cb Takow 
mMaccow ux'b. H, korga OH Merb Telleph o6paTHo RB ce6B yo- 
MOM, EMY Kasallocbh, OynTo n0%Ba, 00 KOTOpOoH OH cTynaers, 
YXOHTb UB8b-0Nb ero HOIb. Boe UCHHTHBaeMOe HMB pasapa- 
axeHie POpMyMpoOBan0ch cnoBaMH: ,HukKorqa 9TOTh YeNOBBRS 
He 6HIb MHB sceHb!“ Ecun-66 OtTelinepTb ycaHmarb 9Ty 
MHCJIb, OH OW, BBPHO, OTBBTHIB: .3& TO TH MHS acenD!“ 
OTHMD HMCHHO OOLACHAMACh IPOMAacThb, KOTOpad pasTbANa STHXE 
ABYXb 107eu. 

MeyseHHo Bcxonunt Oxe lexbMb 00 szbcTHAOS OonbnIOrO 
JOM&, Bb KOTOPOMb XH. GTOTH NOME CTOATS Ha yay onHoro 
H3b MHOPOFRCICHHHXd MepeyJKOBb, NepecbKaBmuxb J poTruur- 
CRY YHUY, KoTOpas HawinaeTcA Bb WeaTpb CrokroupmMa u 
paMoH WHHieli TAHETCA 20 TpoMazHaro Klaq6uma 3a cbBepHoli 
TamomHel. Yxe Ha WhcTHUUS OD MOTYBCTBOBANE ce6A Tak, 
CJIOBHO 3&XNOMAYIb Kakyio-TO [Bepb, 88 KOTOpPOH OCcTaN0Ccb HBITO, 
6esnoKouBmee ero. HW 3To 4yBCTBO cHoKolicTBia H OesolacHocTH 
YKpbuasocsb, Korsa ONS, AOOpaBmiuch MO CBOero KaOuHeTA, 3a- 
merb oiekTpuyeckit cabrb. U3b-0005 senenaro KoNNaka CBBTb 
Tayatb Ha CTapHH, caMaro 3aypaqHaro CcopTa, IHCbMeHHHH 
CTONb, Ha KOTOPOMB KpacoBatca UBIHH panb otorpadu- 
YeCKHX KapTOveKh eFo sKeHH: HEBBCTOH, MOMOJ0H xeHUTUHON, 
IOTOMb HBCKOIbKO cTapiie. Bb MaNeHBKHXb P&aMKaxh, coelu- 
HeEHHHXS Bb OMHO palocTHoe wWbi0e, TYTS we CTOAIM WhrcKiaz 
oTorpadiv: ManeHbKii roueHbRit peOeHowekKb Ha KOBpS, MaJb- 


102 rYCTABb a®b PEKEPCTAMD. 


WHKB wWocTapme, Bb OCTPOKOHeEGHOH manoyrb, urpawmi Ha 
WKcCTHHIB, MAIbYyraHh WTB BOCbMH BB O6y3ah A KOPOTKUXS 
INTAaHUMIKaXh Ha HH3KOMB CTyJIb H, HAaKOHeLh, IBbHATDaTHIBT- 
Hifi MAIBYHKS Bb POpMeHHOM mankb Cb pahHoeMb Ha COMES. 
Kaszayoch, ITO 9TO PANE AhreH, NOXOMUXE APyrb wa ~Apyra, 
Kakb OpaTba, HO STO OHNH OJMHE UM TOTh Xe MAaIbIWKb Bb 
PasIHMIHHXb Bospactaxb. Kaxgaa pororpadia Ousa TOATeIbHO 
coxpaHeHa H IpHcoeqHHeHa KB lIpesRxHHMh,—BHOOPh UBb KOdI- 
nekgi JINOHTCAbCKUXh CHUMKOBb, XpaHAUUXcA BB p'bsHotl 
INKAaTYAK'B, KOTOPyH Doubke camMdb cA'blalb UW WoapHIb OTLY 
Bb epBHH Yooh cBoero Npe6wHBaHif Bb XYMO#XeCTBEHHO-pe- 
MeCJICHHOMD y UHH. 

Oxe IerbMb HagbIb CBOW KOpOTKYH KypTKy u3b cbparo 
CyKkHa H CBIb 3&8 NHCbMeHHHH CTOIB. 

Bce kpyromB 6n0 Tuxo. HA sta THOINHa, KOTOPyN OHb 
O6phrarb IHW TOrta, KOr7a OCTABaAICA ODMH Bb CBOeEMB Ka- 
OuneTH, 3aN0JHAIA, KAa8aN0Ch, BeCb JOM HM U'BUCTBOBANA Ha 
Hero HeCKasaHHo 6aroTBOpHO. HarHyBIIHCb Hab CTONOMb U 
Kakb 6H 2Kead CAaMOTHIIHO3OMb OCBOOOMMTECAH OT yxKoro 
BAHIA, OH ONHY 3&8 ApyroH ctarb epe6upaTb dotTorpa- 
din. OA AONTO pasrNALTHBaNIh AXb WU MOTOMS CTABHIb OOpaTHo 
Ha MBcTO. SarBMb OHS OTKARYJICA Bb KawaKb W Bech yHIeTb 
Bb pasMblisenia. Baraayh ero CKONb3HNI'b CHaIata MO MHpo- 
KOU CTBHS, KoTOpad BCA Oa NOKPHTA KHVWXKHHMH MOUKaMH H 
WocpequHB KOTOpOH CTOANTb BUBaNb, NOTOMB Mepelllelp Ha 
Upyryh crbsy, yBbOIanAyW CTapHHAWMM TpaBlopaMu Hab Ko- 
MOJIOM', H, HAaKOHELb, OCTAHOBHJICA Ha OnwcTB Bosbtepa, ka- 
KHMB-TO 3aaOuHHMb O6pasom’h MomaBluMb Bb STOTh MUPHHt 
OM H MpadHO, TOUHO ThHb, HYMaBLUHMb CBOW AyYMY TaMb Bb 
yray 38 HH3KHMb Kpecuomsb. Oxe lenbMb CHIBIB HeNOABUKHO 
H COBepMIeHHO MeXaHHYeCKH KONHXaNb kayaky. Bapyrh, Ob 
BCTaNb, OTBOPHI ABepb H CO CBBYKOH Bb pyKkaxb THXO Upo- 
Merb wepesb cTonosyh. J[Bepb 3a Cco6ol OHS OCTaBAJIb OTKPH- 
TOH HM 8arAHYIb Bb AWHTCKYW. DoNbKe ChaNb, 8aKPHBS JIWWO 
PyKoH 4 3apHBR 1065 BB DOAymKH. Korga Bomlerb orelh, 
OHb He WICBENbHYJICA; OHb Iexalb CHOKOMHO, H H3b-OWb 
ONBAIa BHCOBHBaIACh KpBikaa O6OHakesHad UKpa OMHOM HOrH. 
Orel’b HarHyJICH Hal’b HUM, NoUpaBuT oAbANO u 3a60TIABO 
NOACYHYTb ero NOG camaro. BNpaxeHie HBxXHOCTH Npo- 
MeCIBKHYIO 00 ero aay. OBb THXO NOMeTE Hasal’b 10 TeM- 
HHMb KoMHaTaM’b. Korma Ofb OHNNb Bb CTONOBOH, YCH Ipo- 
6“ NONOBMHY BTOporo. 

Ana Oke lexbma sTO “yTellectBie 6HI0 ThMb-TO BB pon 
WOKaAHHArO WasOMHnYecTBa. OH CBATO ITH CBOH RoMamuHiff 
Ouarb H CUTAN, YTO CeTOTHA OH COOCTBEHHO AOIKeH'S OWIB 
6H YCTPOHTb cBoeH CeMBS pa3s0HHK'b, BM’BCTO TOTO, ITOOH Ha- 


POKOBHIA CHIBI. 103 


PYMHTb cBOH co6cTBeHHHH NOKOH OyHTOBUIHIeCRHMH pasroBe- 
paMu H coeHaMH. Ecau-65 ob He 60HNCA pas6yTHTb CBOW 
KeHY, OHS OFHE OXOTHO BarIAHYIb OH MH BB cnambHH. Ho 
OHb ONATh CHOKOHHO 8aHANb cBoe MBCTO. Broporo Maa ero 
epBHH ypoKb OHITb IHMb Bb aCbh JHA, H MO8TOMY OHS MOIh 
PasCIHTHBaTb Ha DosqHift yTpeHHili CoH. 

— Bee, aro A CeronqHA CIHMadIb,—TyMarb OHS Ipo ceba — 
Toxoxe Ha UpHOok BoNHD wocrb 6yph MOMOZOCTH. BTO NOPHBS 
HAaCTpoeHiA YeNOBBRa, ROTOPHH HaXxOMMTCA Bb DUCrapMOHiW Cb 
caMuMb co6oH. Moxerb OHTb, 9TO GesCO8HATCILHHA yr pHseHiA 
COBBCTH OT TOO, YTO OHD HE BOCHONE30BaNICA BPeCMCHEMD, ITO 
3aOHTb MCITH CBOCH HOCTH A AHI TOKO Dia ce6a. Crpau- 
Hoe W500, Kak MHOFO JuOReH TaKb XOJATh H OMMakKHBANTh 
CBO MOO0CTD! 

Ybub Oowbe MHCIH ero BXOJHWIH Bb OOHTHYI cHOKOHEY) 
Koten, ThMB Combe yiutTerb Oxe leubMb UIPHMHPAICA Cb CO- 
6ob. OHS UpoTAHyb pyky 3a cOuYeInHOeH, BUuCchBIMeH Ha 
cTbHS, H BHOBb 3aRurah CBOW Tpy6ky, KoTOpad yb Hawala 
OHIO TYXHYTb, OYYTHICA UpoTuBd 6wcta Bomstepa. CBBTb 3ax- 
eCHHOH CHHYKH HA MHL OCBBTHIS CTporoe MyCKYyWHCTOe JMO 
Ch CKAaTHMb PTOM', CKPHBANIIHMB CTONLKO cTpaqanit # Yo- 
BOPAIIHMS O CTONb XeNbsHOH oHeprin. 

OHS BCHOMHHIS, ITO HMCHHO patH e2xTOH YepTH BeuuKaro 
(paHaTHkKa OH HASKOrIa NOCTaBHb Bb CBOCM) KabuHeTs 3TO 
uso6paxenie yenopbka, KOTOpHH HuKOrMa He 8abHBab OOHTb 
GeJOBbuecTBa, KOTOPHH NOCBATUND Whe TOW cBoeH XH3HH 
Nb ocBO6oKLeHiA OHOTO HEBHHHO OcyxpeuHaro. Ilepeab cia- 
cHTetemb Kanaca IpeKIOHAICA OHb,TOrLa,—He Tepes renieMs. 

—- jKenaTeIbHO JH, ITOOH MH BCS OWJIH, KaKb OH'b? — y- 
Mab OH H, BCIOMHHAA HININ3iIH MONON0CTH, Cb YIHOKOK n0- 
Kavalb TouoBoH. 

OHb OWT TUXHME, CIOKOHBHHME WeOBBKOMS, Bb KOTOPOMS 
Meplasio elle MaweHbKoe Tellioe nama yenoBbKomodia. Ecau- 
OH TOJBKO *#eHa CFO MOrA TAaKb x%Xe Teo WO6uTh PobKe, 
Rakb I6HIb eFo OHS, TO HHITO BB Mipbh He Hapylano Ob 
ero n0koa. Uro MOrb emy ckasaTb Bonpreph? 

— Bocitlomunanie 0 TOMt, TbMb A HUKOTa He ONJID, BOT 
KBMb OHIb OHb,—LYMAIb OH Aabule. Ho TyMarb Ob 0Ob 
sTOMB G6esb ropeiH H 6e3b upoOHin. 

Bb 9TOTb MOMCHTS 88 CFO CIMHOH OHCTPO OTKPHIACh [Bepb; 
OHb B8IPorHy Tb, OYUHYBIIHCL OTh CBOHXS pes. 

Ilepex® HAM} CTOAIa ero aeHa. J IMHHHK, TeMHO-KpacHHil 
KallOTh CBOOOZHO OOJlerarb ef urypy; ANKHANe BOJOCH TOJ- 
cTOH KocoH CBMCamH 10 ea coun. [nasa ex co cHa DypHIHCb 
OTB cBbTa, a Wek ONJIH PYMABH, KAaKb y TONBKO YTO TIpo- 
CHY Bularoca. 





104 TYCTABb A®D IEHEPCTAMD. 


— Hl mpocnymacb, korgza TH UpuMerh H He MOFIa 8aCHYTb,— 
cKasasia OHa. 

— IIpocuyaacs? TH yxe ciana? 

— Jia, a Nexama Ha KymleTKB uw wTana. [loTomb 3acHyJa 
Hallb KHurow. J AyMaua, TH BepHeIIbCA He Tak N03HO. 

Oxe IebMb TOYYBCTBOBAIB Bb CBOeEMB cepaub UPLINBd 
6ombmi0nw TennotH. Korga ona cToasa Wepeyqb HHMb cTpolHas 
M MaJieHbKaf, KaKHMU OHBaWTh KeHULMHH, eC MOJHHE KO- 
CTOMH He OGes06paxHBaNTbh HX DZBUCTBUTCILHHXD POPME, Ona 
TOxoyua Ha pedeHka. 

To, WTO NPOHsONWIO MeRTY HAMM, CTABOIM BAPyrb HHYTOR- 
HHMDb H JaJieKHM’b, COBePpMIeHHO Do6rbaAHBIO Depexb BCBMB, 
4TO CBASHBaJIO H CBA8HBaeCTh UX. 

— TH MeHA xama? 

Ero roi0ch 6HIb MATOKD, ero rasa MIATA Ha Hee TeIJO. 

— TH HHKOrTa 6oubMe He JOUKeHb OHTb CO MHOM TAKAM, 
KakuMb TH ONTb CeroqHA,— OTBBTHIA OHA. 

dyBcTBo ropeyH Hadbexano Ha Aymy Oxe lenpMa. Kaks Ya- 
CTO yKe CIHMaIb OH 9TH CIOBa, KAK YaCTO Camb UX'b NOBTO- 
PATS, Kora ccopa 6a OKOHIEHA 4 OHH 06a KaxkyalH BoscTa- 
HOBHTb CBOW BBpy Bb WomHoe cyacTbe. YIuTeIb OWNb Bb CyIl- 
HOCTH yOBRICHD, ITO, CCIM-6b ero *eHa MOrMa HAYYHTECA pas- 
CMATPHBATh KAKIHK NOBOLb Kb CcOpsh Takb Ke, Kak’ OH, TO HXb 
CYACTbe CTaO 6H COBepmeHHHM’S. Ho, 6yxyaH BMBCTS Cb TAMB 
TBEpO yOBRDeHb, ITO MYR Mpesye Bcero 06a8aHb YBaAKATb 
Bb CBOeH XKeHhb weNOBbKAa, OH CTPeMBJICA YeCTHO UPHMUPHTb 
mpoTupopBuie MexTy sTHMH CcBOuMH yObxyeHiamMa, H IHCTO 
MY2XCKOH HHCTHHKTS BO BCeH CHI'B CBOeH KIL DONb CHOeMS 
Teopi. Ha 9sTOTb pasb OH'b, BO H8OBRanie pasroBopa O OOJb- 
HOMD BONpoch, Halleyb BCXON'b Bb TOME, ITOOH UPHTBOPATECA, 
OyATO MextyY HHUMH WaBHO BCce Dosa6HTO. HU Bb noMHOH yBBpen- 
HOCTH, UTO 9THMS WYTEMS OND AOCTHTHETS WIM, OHS CKasasry: 

— Kart te66 JONrO DPHUITI0Ch KAaTb MeHaA! SHaellb, y MCHA 
OYCHL COBBCTh HEYHCTa. 1 MOUTH COBCBMB 3a6HJIb Te6a H CBO 
nomb. HW sHaelib, novemy? 

— Hbrs. 

— Ja, BHAMOIb IH, A UYCTHICA BL IPHKIWIeHIA, U HeIb3A 
CKasaTb, ITOOH BeCeJIHA. 

HW ob Hawasrb pasckashBaTb. ORS NoBbAaNb cBoel xXeHb, 
Kakb UpoBerb eHub. becbaW co CreliHepTOMb OHb KOCHYJICAa 
JHIIb MCIbKOMb, HO 38 TO TBMD DpoctpanaAbe ocTaHoBHJICA Ha 
BUeUATIBHIK OTh WectBiad pabouwnxb Hu BCero TOO, ITO NocB- 
OBaJIO 3aTbM'D. EMy Kasasl0ch, ITO OH'b OMATL BULUTD BCe Depesb 
co6oH, ONATh WepesxkHBacTD BCe, ONATS CAIMMUTh 3aKHParebRHA 
PBiv opaTopoBh HW PONOTS TOMMH, ONATh BALUTS CoC peqoOTOyeH- 
HOCTS JIHIb, ONATh DepexuBaAeTS COEHY y CKaMeHKU, Ha KOTOpOH 











POKOBHIA CHIH. 105 


Jemarb MepTBHH paoovii. Dpy Jlusa cuyulana HeMHOrO pas- 
-CBaHHO. Ona OHA 38AHATA ceowwu MHCJIAMM, H eH, COOCTBeHHO 
He COBCBMb UpiATHO OH0, ITO MYR CA TAaKb MHOTO AyMadb 
0 PasHHXS OOUIECTBCHHHXS BOMpOcaxh HW COBepWeHHO 3a06HJIb 
O Hel. 

— Sl Bce BpeMa OHA ToMa H DyMasa 0 Te6b,—ckKaszala Ona 
HBCKOILKO p'BsKo. 

Ona CMaxHya CO 16a Ipsdb TyCTHXb OBIOKYPHXb BOMOCHS, 
KOTOPHe OHH paxOCThbW H TOpAOCTLW eA MyxKa. [loTOMs Mos0- 
HHA OJHY HA APYTyW CBOH MaJIeHBKiA#, OBIHA PYIKH, H'B- 
CKONbKO HeoopomertarebHO NOCMOTpPhia Ha Mya H CKasaa: 

— HA 67a NOPATOIHO 3a, Kora TH MH'B TeeOHHpOBah. 

Oxe IenbMb ONJTb HEZOBONECHS O6OPOTOMS, KOTOPHI DPHHATS 
pasropop’b. Crapasdch CKasaTb ITO-HHOyIb IPHMUpAee, OH 
HpoWoKasrb: 

— Tlocrb ne6ombmok ccopH, kaki HHO pasb Cy qawrcs, 
passhb He aywme He BHIATBCA UPyrb Cb APYFOMh OMUHD Wewb? 
Al Wyman, 4TO 7a. 

Ona B3OXHyJa. 

— A ne 3Han. MH BCe MpOHsBOJHMS OUNTH, a MH'B KaxkeTca, 
GTO WhO HeTb BCe XyxXe. SHaellb, ITO A HHOH pasb AyMaw? 
Myb KaskeTca, ITO BCB MH CJIMDIKOMb MHOFO HA4HTaIHCh KHH- 
xeKb. O JH6BH, 0 pasBuTiv, O Opak’b, 0 BocouTaHiu mhreHh u 
Borb 3HaeTb 0 Fem ene. Bce CTaHOBHTCA TaKb ACHO, TAaKb 
OlpeBUeHHO, TAK LOTOBO, ITO, Bb KOHIWB KOHNOBb, COBCBME 
He sHaellb, Tero Wepxatacs. . 

— Haare CyDIeCTBYNTh Ha TO, ITOOH NOMOraTh HAM’ KXUTb,— 
CKasasb YIRTelb Cb HEYTOBObCTBIEM. 

— la, cuHlana,—OTBBTHIa xKeHAa. 

H ea Bos6yxpeHnoe Nun0 NokpacHbao. 

— Ho sceraza oH 9TO Takb? BoTh Bb YeMd Boupocn. Korza 
A O2Ha H AYMaW O YeMb-HHOYIb, ITO MCHA BOJHYeTD, Ta HAN 
Upyrasd KHHra BAPYI'h HAYHHAeTL AYHKKATL Y MCHA BL YWaxd. 
MW torga 4, Bb KOHU'S KOHIOBS, caMa He 3H, A JH 9TO HH 
Kakoe-HHOYAb HNO 48% TOH “IM Apyro# KHura! 

— Paspb TH He NOHHMAaeIUb, ITO BCe CKAsAaHHOe TOOONW 0- 
KaShHIBAaeTh IHlb OHO: TH IATaNa KHHTH, HO He NepebapuBana 
HWXb? 

— Moxers Outs! Ho pasBb MHS OTS sTOrO Merse?—orTBB- 
THIa OHA OHCTPO H pbulutTenbHO.—MoxeTS ONTb, A BOOOMe He 
CO87aHa JIA TOTO, ITOOH MHOrO 4ATaTb. Panbie, OMA, Bh MOeMb 
PponHOME ropomRKs MH coBcbM® He ynTamH. MH Torma # BCce o- 
HuMala Iydle, YShMb Tenepb. Jl Hakorga He HCOHTHBAIA TAakOH 
6esHICXOQHOCTH, BCerga sHaa, KaKb NMoctynuTb. H, ecm MHS 

CHYWANOCh MOLIACh [PYCTHTb, TO A CKOPO ONATH OOp'brasa Be- 


106 TYCTABD A®Db LFEBEPCTAM'S. 


CeNOCTh 6e3b Tako TaAxKeNON OOopbOH MH TAKHXb MYYHTCIbHHXb- 
YMb, Kakb Telleps. 

IIomumo Bomm Oke lenbMb MOYYBCTBOB&Ib, ITO Bh STUXb 
‘COBAX'b, KOTOPHA OHS Upo ce6a Hash Bath WSTCKO OonTOBHeH, 
CCTh BCe-TaKH 4TO-TO Takoe, ITO efO TPvraeTb. 

— Pasph Takb TPyAHO AyMaTb ACHO, JOrHIHO? — CIpOCcHIB- 
OH, YIHOaACK. 

@py Jlusa, xoTAH UW 3aMbTHya MpOHiW, He OCTAHOBHNACb. 
Ona Bech BeYeph AyMada OOb STOMB: OHA TOJUKHA BHCKasaTbCcA 
Tellepb, 6yb ITO OyTeTs. 

— Jla, MoxeTb OHTb, MOA OB0a HMCHHO Bb oTOM’, —CKagala 
OHa, CMBACh, TAK GTO ONeCHYIH ex Obnwe POBHHe 3yOH. — 
MoxkeTS OHTb, A LYMAN CJIMMIKOMS Mas0, HO TH, Oke, He TyMa- 
elllL JIM TH CHIIKOMb MHOLO? 

— OTB 9sToOro A yxe BPANS AM usrbayc! 

Tonoch ero 8ByWaIb Kakoi-To o6u0u. 

— Passh TH ON He MOIS NOMHTAaTLCA? JI OW Torga ropasyo 
qyame MonuMasa Tebs. 

OH MONOKHIB CBOW TPyOKy H, ycakuBanch yqoOube Bb 
CBOeMB kpeci'b, Ckasars: 

— CeroqHA MH CCOpHmch u3b-3a Dorbke. Kakb TyMaellb: 
TAKOrO pota CCOpH MPOMCXOMATS OT Toro, 4TO TyMaellib 
CIMINKOMb MHOPO HIM CNMMIKOMb Mao? 

OHD DPHAaNIb CBOOMY HUY BHCOKOMBpHoe, pasiqpaxeHHoe 
BHpakeHie, KOTOpOe eMy COBCBMB He m0. Dpy Jlusa sro 
aaM BTU a. 

— Ecuu 6m & 6a coBcBMB yBbpeHa, ITO TH He pascep- 
WHMbCA , A ON TeEOB CKasana, 0 TeMb A DyMada ceroqHA,—cKa- 
sala OHA, POOKO rida Ha My2a. 

H, Korga OB OTBBTHIEB el riazaMu, OHA IpomomKama: 

— Korda TH B3aJIb kb ceOB DowbKe, Torza OHNO JIM 9TO 
HBITO, Gero TH WBHCTBUTeEIbHO CaMb XKellanhb, One? 

— To ecTb, Kakb? 

— 4 TyMan, He 6HN0 IH 9TO TBMB-TO, ITO TH BHUATAIb? 
TH 9TO CUBIAIb MOTOMY, ITO CIHTAIb 9TO CBOMMD AOITOM, H 
MOTOMY, GTO 3TO Bb TBOHXS asaxb OHNO YBMB-TO Mpekpac- 
HHMD. Te6B kasasloch, ITO TH 9TO TONKeHS CiblaTb, HO CaM’b 
TH COOCTBEHHO 9TOFO He COBCBMB-TO 2xKeNab. 

Oxe IenbMb XOTBIIB ee NpepBatb, HO OHA IMpoTOMaa. 

— MuB yacTro Kasan0cb, 4TO 9TO TAK, H WOaTOMy-TO 4 
Bce He MOMI&a CHUTHCA Ch STUMb, KAK Ch YSMb-TO eCTeCTBEH- 
HHM'b. 

Tedepb Oke lerbMb pascepausca ceppesHo. Ero 2keHa cTa- 
BUTb M0 COMHBHIe HCKpeHHOCTE yObxATeuIA, MPOBeCTH KOTO- 
poe Bb XH3Hb CTOHIO EMY CTONLKUXDS VCH. STO saxbBaslo ero 
8a CaMOe YYBCTBUTeIbHOe MBCTO. OND phsko OTBBTUIS: 


_ —_ 





P@KOBLIA CHIAI. . 107 


— Heyxemm TH 3a6Ha, yero MHB 9TO CTOHIO Bb cBoe 
ppema? 

— UYro Te6a o6omm pH HasHayeHiH pekTopa? — ckKasala 
mpy Jlusa. 

— Jia, o6onIIH NO DypallkaMd, YCIOBHHM'S coob6paxeHiaM, 
38 TO TOUBKO, YTO A HCNONHAND CBOH Tos. 

Jlo6% Oke leubMa NOKPHJICA MOPDIHHaMH UW Mex b OpOBAME 
o6pasoBanach pbskan MpowONbHad cKMankKa. 

— 1 9Toro BOBCe He AYMasa,—HCNOyrakHo IpepBana ero Ppy 
-lu8a—coBChMB HBTS! 

Teenie ef MHCIeH OH10 BIPYr'b UpepBako, ONPOKHHYTO BBEPXb 
AHOMD 9TOH HEYMONJHMOH JNOrHKOH, Mepexb KoOTepOH Ona TYB- 
CTBOBaa Ce6A GessanluTHOH. 

UyBcTBys, 4TO OHa, caMa TOTO He ReNag, ockopOuta cBoero 
MyxKa, OHA CKasaa: 

— TH Telepb BCe-TaKH CepHnIBCA. 

— fla obrb Xe,—oTBBTHIb OHS H NOTMaqwAb cBOW 2xeHy 
10 BOOCaMb. 

A Ipo ce6s OAD TyMab 0 GONSIIOMD HeocTaTK'S ux’b Opaka: 
© TOMS, ITO y HHXD HBTS COOCTBEHHHXS hte. ,,HcMH-65 He 
9TO“, TYMaIb OHD: ,BCe BBpHO OHNO 6H xopomo0~. OHB OW 
O4eHb XOTBIB CIpPOCUTh, BCe IH elle Oa TAaKb Topher 0645 
STOMb, KAKb—OHD SOTO 3Hab—panbiie. Ho He p'bmMuJIcH. 

— [lo3iHo yxb,— ckasarb ORb,—CIHMKOMb yXR M08THO, 
-luaa. 

IipuMupeHune H BCeTaKH Tay6oKO pasbefHnHexHHe CKJIOH- 
HOCTAMH, B8risqaMW HW XapakTepaMM, CYMpyrH yYepesb TeMBNA: 
KOMHAaTH OWNIH Bb ClaJIbHW. 


IV. 


Ockapb Creliveprb Takxe He cuanb aty Houb. [lepea HUM 
CTOATa TAKeNaA pabodad NamMoa, &@ 38 HAM DOCTAaHHHH Au 
BaHb, HOCTaBIEHHHH, Kasaoch, Ha BCAKIM carydaH, ITOGH aJz- 
BOKATh Moc walpaAxKeHHoK paooTH MOIb XOTb DOAb yTpo oT- 
HOXHYTh HBCKONbKO YacoBhb. OD ACAI Ha OONBDIOM WHCTB 
6yMaru, KOTOPHH MocTeneHHO NOKPHBAICA MA&NeCHbKHMH, HepB- 
HHMH, OO1bWIeH YACcTbW eBa pas6opyMBHMu OyKBamu. [Toph 
OHJIH IOAHATH, H CYMepKH MaHCkOH HOU NPOHHKaJIA Bb KOM- 
HaTy, CMBUIMBaACh CO CBBTOMb JaMon. Cb Toro mbcTa, Ha Ko- 
TOPOMB CHUBIB CrefiwepTs, BHIHAa OWA aed, OkKauiMJIAB- 
1a IpOCcnekTs, a, KOMMa OHS BCTABAN, Nepelb HUM OTKPH- 
Balach H BCA UNoUanb, OeskKoHeIHaA, HBMAaA, MpadHad, Bd II0- 
AYTbMB MOXOKaA Ha TOY CTelb. 

Cb ObmieHoH OucTpoToll mepo apanano 6yMary, UCOHCH- 


108 TYCTABL A®b FTEHEPCTAMD. 


Bal OUHY CTpaHuuy 3a Apyrow. Ha nub Crelinepta Bupamaocb 
Kpalivee Hallpsxenie. H BB TO BpeMS, Kakb OH’ CoBepleHHO 
MeEXAHBGeCKH MOPMYJMPOBaATb CBO CNaBHBMiAcaA OesycnoBHol 
TOCABAOBATeNBHOCTHN MHCIH W DONOMeHIA, KOTOPHA TOKEN 
OHJIM Ha CIBAYDUIM WeHb YHHUITOKUTh IPOTHBHAKAa,—Bb 9TO 
caMoe BpeMA MO8I*b ero OHJIB 88HATB COBCBMB APYUM. 
Ockapy CrTelinepTy OH0 OCaqHO Ha camoro ce6a. ,davBMb 
A Boodme NOAOMeIb Kb YTOMY YeNOBbKY?“—yMalb OB O 
Ienbm'b. ,Kakoe MAB WbN0 oO Hero? Kb YeMy BOCKpellats To, 
4TO Me€PTBO H HHUKOTa yR'B He BepHetca? Pash A MOry Cka- 
8aTb CMY, KAKUMb Yy2KACHHMb KOUIMAPOMb WaBHO ye cTasa 
MOA AXMB8HB?Y A CCH CKasaTb 9TOrO A He MOry, TaKb Ha 4TO 
OHDB MH'B? HalloMHHTb eMy O TOMS, ITO MepTBHH Ockapb Cteii- 
HepTb BCe elle XHBb?“ 

BHCTPHMD JBHKeHieMS DOCTaTS OD CBOM YacH, yOobaAuICA, 
"TO YR OOULME ABYXb, MH OMATH XOTBAL WOrpysHTbcA Bb pa- 
OoTy, KakKb BAPyrb ABepb OCTOPOXKXHO OTBOPHIAch, H Bb KOM- 
HaTy BOUWMA MONOad menmuna, Ona OHA MauleHbKaro pocta 
M WBHTalach Cb TOM CHOKOHHOH yBBpeHHOCTLN, KoTOpad IIpH- 
cya cHybikamb. Ha ronopb ofa HOCHIa OBIyN KOCHHRKY 
Kpacnaro Kpecta. Ona ocTaHOoBulach y MMCbMeHHArO CTONa H 
TOcMoTp bia Ha CTrelivepTta CBOMMH YMHHMH JpyxXeINOHHMH 
TulazaMH, KOTOpHe WhicTBOBAIM Ha sTOrO MepeyTOMJeHHaro Ye- 
JOBBKa WOUTH Kakb ycokauBawiee ekapcTso. JlMuo ero 
MIHOBeHHO NposcHusocb. Ho, korga Ha ero H'BMOH BOUpOCcd n0- 
CUBLOBINh HeONAarOnpiaTHHH, BUAUMO, OTB'BTD, 6FO IHWO ONATb 
OMpadHJIOCh HEBHpasuMHMb CTpaabiem’. 

— @Mpy Crefigeprh mpocuTs Bach KB ceésb. 

CrelinepTd ci'Bilarb DBHxKeHie OTYIAAHHOM ycTanocTu Hu 6po- 
CHIb OesHalexHHH Beriayb Ha HeOKOHYeHHYH paodory Ha 
MHCbMe€HHOM®D CTOB. Ny 

— Co6crBeHHO, MHB kpalwe Heo6xouMO e4b CilatTh, cecTpa 
OMMAa,—CKa3sab OH. 

— Qna YpesBHyaiHo GesloKolna sTy HOU, — BOspasita 
cecTpa.—S1 COBepmieHHO He Bb COCTOAHIH yCHIUTb ee. 

He rospopaé O0Ubile HH CIOBa, ANBOKATS NOMHAICA 4H NOMeTb 
ga cuabakol. HW omatTb Kasanocbh, 4T0 STOT cTpaHHit yen0- 
BBRB coBepmieHHO mpeodpasnica. Illarm ero ctamu eBa 
CJIHINHH, erO OOHKHOBEHHO HEPBHHA, HEPOBHHA JBUKeHIA CIB- 
NaIHCb CHOKOMHHMH H YBBpeHHHMH. H, korga OHD BOMETb Bb 
CllasIbH0, Ha ero JMU'B OHIO BHpaxkeHie MATKOCTH HW Ciep2KaH- 
HOH cusH. [lono6Hoe BHpaxeHie 3HaIM y STOTO YeENOBSKAa IHL 
HeMHOrie: BCBMb, IPHXOAMBIIMMb Cb HAMS Bb COMPHKOCHO- 
BeHieé, OHB OHI HsBBCTeHD CBOeH OesnoKoHHOH HaTypow u 
HBKOTOPOH HeCepxaHHOCTbW HPaBa, ITO OTMYruBaO OTb Hero 
MHOPHX. 





POKOBHIA CHIBI. 109 


Ockapt CrelinepTs CTOANS noarb CyulecTBa, KoTOpoe WA Hero. 
6H20 BCBMb Ha CBBTb, Ch KOTOPHMS OH OWS CBA8AHb He- 
PasPpHBEHMH y3aMH, Hepeyb KOTOPHMS BCe OCTAIbHOe Bb ero 
KH3HH NONRAO SHO OTCTYNUTh H CTATb Bb ThA. JIHWO, T0- 
BepHYBIeeCA Kb HEMY HA HOAYMNS, OHIO MepTBeHHO O1bOHO. 
Masenbrie raaskH HeonpeybreHHaro UBBTAa ropbin MHxopa- 
JOUHHMD OrnemM’b. Bce 6HI0 APKO Bb STOME JHIUB, ROTOPOMY 
MAJCHBKIM pOTb Upuyabaltb TO-TO yhrckoe. ToubKO oTCyT- 
cTBie pBS8KO OYepIeHHHXxs Opope cTYMIeEBHBaO BHpasHTeNb- 
HOCTS wHua. [nasa ropbin crpaxomb wu MombOoH. TlorpysuBs. 
CBOH Bardi Bb ed rasa, CrelikepTh YBHABIb Bh HUXD CBA- 
3HBaBIyYN ero cyIboy. 

— Munan Ounent!—ckasanb CrefigepTh MArKO. OND Ha- 
KIOHHJICA HM TOWBIOBaTS ef OFBIHHA yOu. 

— Mab TAxXeNO ITY HOYb,—UpolleNtTata XeHuWHHa.—H He 
MOry OHTB onHa. CecTtpa OMMa Tak #XecTKa cO MHOM. 

AZBoKaTb OHCTPO ocMOTpBca H yObauICA, ITO OHH OBE. 

— Ona yillua,—mnponomKana 6Oo1bHad.—Ona BCerga BHXO- 
IHTb, Korda TH 3y'bep. JbTa cnarh? 

Ona 6pocnia Ha cBOero MyxXa TakKoH Barsanb, 6yoTo el 
rpo3sH1a OlacHOcTs. 

— Jia, Xa,—nporosopurs onb G6HCcTpo.—OHH 06a CHATS. 
Po6HHE YIyJsJ'b CO MHON, H, KOrMa MH BePHYJIHCh, A eMY H 
9666 pascka3sHBalb CkaskH, N0ka OHH He NOMI Cath. 

AJBOKaTh Ha MHHYTY 3aKPHJIb raza. ORL MyWMIcA TMD, 
WTO IPHXOAHTCA BNAaTb xKeHS, HO OHD 3HaIb, ITO BTO HEOOXO- 
HMO. OH Oonacend OHI BHHTH, YUaNHTEcA, 3a6nHTECA. He To 
OHb He BHUCPKATS 9TOH HKHBHH, KOTOPAA C’b HEOOJBIIMMH Mpo- 
MeRYTKAMH TAHETCH BOTS yxe TonH. [losToMy Oud NpowoKard 
COUMHATh eH, KakKb MaJIOMy peOeHKy. MaArkKuMb ToJIOcoMs, 
Kakb OH pasckasbiBan ef Cka3KH, TOBOPUNb OHb 0 CceOb HO 
WBTAXS, O TOMS, ITO BABIES HW CIHMAIb Po6unt, Kak’b “pata 
966a W Kak ona ropopHa O MaM’b, KOTOpah ckopo OyzeTh 
ONATS 3fopoBa. ONS OWLTh HEYTOMHMB Bb IPUAYMHBaHin MO]- 
poOHocTeH H BCe BpeMA, MOKA OHD [OBOPHI, OONbHAA JeKasa 
COBeEPHIeHHO CHOKOHHO, NpPuCIyMIMBaAcCh KB ero COBAMD CO 
cuadoH MedTaTeIbHOH yJIHOKOH. 

Koraa Ob 38aMOJ4arb, OHA CKasasa: 

—~ Mab Takb Taxeo 6HAO BTY HOY. A Mpocnynach u MHS 
RasaJlocb, ITO TH YMePb, HHKOMY H'BTb ha go MeHA. UH 
Torna A yBUubaza... 

Jlml0 ef MCKasHoch. OObuMH pyKaMu IIPHTAHyNa OHa Kb 
CcBoeMy PTY TOJOBYy My2a, H MIONOTOMD Ckasata: 

— SH Burbaa ero! 

— Koro? 

— Ero. Ty Bbob 3sHaemb. Ero—a Te6b mpo Hero yRb pan-. 


110 TYCTABh A®B TEREPCTAMD. 


CkKasHBala. Cectpa yoLiIa W OCTaBHa MeHA OfHYy. TyTb Upi- 
Herb ob. EMy He 6HI0 HaQ0OHOCTH OTKPHBAaTbh ABepb—OH®S BO- 
Melb Takb. OH Joc BmaeTh MCHA, Kora A Ofna. OBB MO0N0- 
HKU CBOW WIANY Ha TO KpeCO HM CTarb y MoeH KpoBaTu. HU 
OHB Hadayb TropopuTh. [oBopusb Upo Te6A Tak’ CKBepHO, To- 
BOPHIb, ITO TH MCHA OCTABHDIb WH HAKOTIa YR He BepHelbca 
KO MBB. ,TH cTana Da Hero 6peMeHeMb,—CkKasalb OHS — &, 
Korda OpeMA CTAHOBUTCA CJIMIMIKOMB TAXKECHMD, JAH cOpacH- 
BaWTb ero“. OTB Hero MaxIO TyxaMuH ,cBBamRee Chuo. AH 3Haw 
UXb OYCHE xopomo. Y Hero TB xe Tyxu, iTO OWNH y TeOA 
paHbile, Kkorga A OHA MONOTa HW CYaCTIMBAa, ax'b, TAKb CIaCT- 
supa! HW noToMb A yBUI'bla, ITO TOTh, KOTOPHH CHIBIb TYTS, 
6HNb TH Camb. To OHIb TH—TH TYTb CTOANE MH CMOTPhIb Ha 
MCHA TAKHMH XOJOXHHMH riasaMu H POBOPHIS, ITO TH ylellb 
HM HMKOra Yb He BepHeMIbCA KO MHS. 

— TH Boab HHKorAa He yiiyemb oTb MeHA? Hurorma?—aa- 
KIOWA OHA. | 

— Hukorga, MOA kKpollikKa, HaKorza! 

Bce BpeMs, 10Ka oHa roBopua, CrelivepTS CHUBB CcoBep- 
We€HHO THXO, TaBatb OONbHOM YTOBOPHTb, He WpepHBaA ee, u 
JIMMb PAaqub ex ObIYO Y3KyYH PyKy, KOTOpylo DepKarb BL 
CBOHMXb. Ero 3HOOHIO OTb ycTauocTu, OTYaHiA WM yxKaca, HO 
OAb AYMaNb BCe BPeMA JIMS O CIACTH'B, KOTOPOe TaKb BHE- 
3a0HO OHIO pas6uTo, Korga OorbsHb NPOHHKIa Bb UXb OMS, 
HO TOMB CYaCcThB, KOTOpoe MOTO OH BePHYTHCA, eCIH-Ob 3n0H 
COHD, Bb KOTOPOMb OHH RMIH Tellepb, HcIesb, HU OHH 06a Bep- 
HYIHCh Kb KH3HH. 

Kora 2eHa 8aMOJK1a, OHB ONATH CTalIb TOBOPUTh CoBep- 
I€HHO CNOKOMHO, COBHO HHYero He CHHMAaNb, WH BCe BpeMA 
 YHALHTb OBTY pyKy, HeMOMBURHO JeKaBULYH Bb ero pykaxs. 
OH CaMb NaBHO YX He 3HaNb, ITO TOBOPHT. OTHAKO copa 
TCKIH W8b eFO YCTh HEH3CAKACMHMD NOTOKOMDB. OHS COUMHATS, 
BHIYMHBaAIb, Wash, pasckashBalb o ce6b HM O WBTAXD, 0 Ib- 
TAXB H O ce6b, 10Kka raza GOoNbHOM He B8aKPHIMCh HW CTpaxb 
Ha eff JMU'B 3aMepb HM 3aTUXb. Torma OH'b OCTOPOKHO BHICBO6O- 
Hb CH PYKY U8b CBOMXD, DOOMIENb Kb TYaleTHOMY CTO- 
JHRY HW OTKPHNG BHUBHKHOK ALINE. OD OTHCKAIb IpenMers, 
KOTOPHMDb OH, HAKMOHUBINMCh, YCePpAHO 3aHAJICA Bb NOMYTEMS. 
IlotoMb BePHYJICA Kb KpoBaTH, OOHAKHIb ODHY HOry cBoelt 
%xeCHH, ONCTPHMb H YBBPCHHHMb YKONOMb BBE Bb KOKY 
WIMpuub Cb MOpPiemMb HM HAAaBHAb ero. ONMAS MOMCHTh Ha 
THUS 6ONbHOH BHPAsHIOCh cTpananie, HO TOTUACh Ke Ha HEMB 
BOUapHJicA SesxyBCTBeEHHHM NoKol. Hakonellb, 10 ef OWBIHOMY 
AMY mwpo6bxata ThAb CIACTbA. 

— Cnacu6ol—npomtentanm pemasilia yxe ryOn, HW OHA 8a- 
CHY Ja. 


POKOBHIA CHARI. 11] 


_ ABOKaTh BHIPAMHJICH H OTepb NOTE Co n6a. ,Tenepb a 
HOUKEHS B8aCHYTb,—NYMaNlb OHD.—H ax DONKeHB cnaTE“! Cka- 
8aBb HBCKOJBKO COBB CHIbaKS, DpeMaBlieH BB kpecrb y 
BepH, OHS NOMeTh 00 TEMHHNS KOMHATAMb H HCIE3D BE CTO- 
AOBOK. Onb BEPHYJICA BR CBOH KaOuHHeTh, epma Bb PyKsB Oy- 
THIKY MBa, KOTOPyN TOTIAaCh xe oOnopomHnTS. YctTamMy, 
o6escHieHHHH, CHIBIb OHB BR kpecrB y cBoero MHCbMEeH- 
Haro CTO7a, He Bb COCTOAHIM HH AyMaTb, HH ABHraTbca. Y Hero 
OHJTb BHIb HaMOMIeCHHaro WeJOB BRA. 

Cnycta KopoTkoe BpeMA MepoO OATH OHCTPO 3a0BBrasock 
no 6o07bmO0My wHcTy OymarnH. Koraa, HakoHeIrb, aBORAaTh, 
CMePTeIbHO YCTaIHH, yCHYIb, Ha Wacaxb 6HIO YeTHpe. 


f 
(Oxonxanie c.1mdyems). 


CTAUXOTBOPEHIA. 


—— 


I. 


, SONOTOe COJHIE Bb KaseMaTh NewJbHH 
Po6Ko 3apoHHo CBOH UpuBBTS NpomlaJibaHh, - 
OoNoToe COMHe, YTO HA BONBHOK Bob 

Apko osapseTh CKoMleHHOe Mode, 

Uro ruaquTb Ch YIHOKOM Bb TUXiA osepa... 
Cb MHNaro JaséKka, Cb ACHaro mpocTopa 

Bb kazeMaTb evabHHi, Bb TYCKI0e OKOHLE 
CBoH NPHBBTb MpollasbHWH 3apoHH0 couHue! 


Il. 


ToBapHurh, pyky!.. 
CypoBoH domB Hacb He COrHyTB. 
IlycTbh %XH38Hb CYJUTb HAaMb HYKDY UW MYKy, 
Ilyctb HayzopBeTca OTb ropa rpylAb,— 
Yecruba u myauie cropbrTh BB padors, 
YBMb THHTS Bb 6oJ0TB! 


ToBapultb, pyky!.. 
Cyposou forb He NOKOpsach, 
MH ropyo cTepiuMb HYKXLy HU MyKy,— 
M Oyps xu3HH He CJLOMHTE Hac! 


Lia. 


byaymee UCKyccrTBO. 


~~ we ewe eee 


GueHceph CpaBHHBalb Hayky cb CanapAIboHOH, KOTOpad OATO 
CKPHBSIACh BL NevaAbHOH HeMSBECTHOCTH, TOrAa Kak Cf HAIMCHAHA 
ceCTPH KHYHAHCh Neperb BCBMB CBBTOMD cBoel cBeprawmel MHULy- 
po#. Tenepb o4epexb 3a Cangpuabonol; mpnm10 ea Bpema Hu OaH- 
30Kb CHB, KOTMa HayKa, UPH3sHanHas caMoH jocToHHOH A NpeKpacHofi 
HSb CeCTEP, BOMAPATCH, KARL BCOMOTYMad BAAcTHTeAbHHNA. Locpam- 
XeHH OYAYT KHYABBWA CECTPH—peluria, MeTapasuka, HCKYCCTBO, 

CneHcepb CAHIIKOMS HH3SKO OBARHTS CBO aBTOpHTeTb, CBOe IpHu- 
sHakie; OTTOTO OH NepeTacoBarb poi H OTUACTH NepeHech 6yzymee 
Bb HacTosmee. Ecan BceMOryMeH BAACTHTeCALHALeH CIHTAeTD HAyKY OHS, 
TO we MpHsHanie cybaaeTb ee Gorbe camoxepmasHoh? I[pnsnanie 
wacch? Ono HensObXHO OTOIbETCA BL OpMy peasrin—Hu cb stot 
TOURH spbHid Hayka HaBbKA oOcTaHeTcad Cauyzpuabonof#. Ho ecau 
HCTHBHOG TOPRECTBO Bb IPHSHAHIH BHICOKHXD HB6PAaHHHKOBS, eC 
oOparHTb UpedMyMecTBeHHOe BHHMaHie He HA TPOMKYH ClaBy, KOo- 
TOpOW OKPYKACTH apPTHCTa TOANa, & Ha TO UpasHauie, Kakoe Aawre 
ef0 HCKYCCTBY MHICHHTCAH, TEOPETAKH STOO HCKYCCTBA, TO CHO, ITO 
1eqasbHHift yAbIe HelupHsHaBHOH CaBAPHILOHH AOCTAaICA HCKYCCTBY. 
UraTs ero HAH OTBEPraWTb—ero CINFAWTS MpesecTHoH, HO Heayx- 
Hoh saGapo#. Jlame Tamt, ryb He UpuTHBONOAaraWTh ero TeupeTH4e- 
ckoh AesnoxesHOCTH o1CMOHTAPHYH WoAbsy NoBceqsesHaro OOuxosa, 
Bb HEM BHAATH HBITO, Mateko He OesycioBHO Heob6xo,AMOe AIA 
KHSHH. OTO THX0G MpeHe6pemenic Hs0paHHHEOBL He . HCEYMaeTca 
TPOMKEMH BOCTOPraMH TOIMH. Bocropra mpoxoqaTh—a MBICIb TAKOrO 
Tes0Bhka, Kak Pesan, ocraetca. A PeHatb—yRb OHb-TO, HCTO- 
PRES, HAOAOTS HA MpPOCTO SCTETHYCCKH MHICAHIM H TOHKO 4YBCTBY)- 
Mii YeAOBBES, MOI Ob! MOHATS POI UCKYCCTBAa—PeHaHb IpeABHAUTS, 
W0 <HaCTAHeTS BPOMA, KOTAa BeIuRI# XyORAURD OyZeTS U3z00paxaTb 
mL ce6a HBITO ycrapbRmee, mouTH OesnoxesHoe>. ITY MuTaTy UpL- 
BomuTH Too, KOTOpHH Aa BHACHeHIA pOlH UCKYCCTBa Bb OyAyMeMb 
coOparb, KAReTCH, BCB BOSMOMHHA B8aNHTHTCIDHNA coodpamenis, 
rpomb, OHITh MOHCTS, camaro BamHaro. Memay ThMb—TOIbEO IPA 
HocpeacTB STOTO BaxH'BHMaro, OKOHGATCAbHO YCTSHOBIeHHAarO CO- 


fusapf>. Ormbar I. 8 








114 A TOPH@EABKX bd. 


BpemMeHHo# HayKo possp Suis H& CYMICCTBO XYOKECTBEHHAIO TROP- 
YeCTBA .MOTYTE OHITE pBMHTCABHO OTBEPIHYTH TS UpesuooReHis 0 
UPeOACTOAMOME WaleniH pOAH HCKYCCTBA, KOTOPHA TAKS YacTo pas- 
awWTCA HBG CTS Upescrapatexe pasnoodpasHbimAxh BSTASKOBb A 
TAEb PBAKO BCTPhIAWTS PSMRTCALHH H mMOMUsUpOsaHNUh OTOOPS. 
IIpapya, O6a8aHHOCTL JOKUSHBAaTh ERAT HA TOMS, ETO YTBOPRAAeTs. 
Ho way0. Re UPHSHATb, YTO, KAR HH CAAOH AOBOAW OTBEPraWMlEXs 
BHCOKYW POAb HCKYCCTBA BB OYAYMLOML, BL OTBBTE OHH PBAEO MoAy- 
Gath ITO-AH60, KPOMB OCTETHYCCKHXD 10 POpMB, HO HCTCPHYCCEHXS 10 
CofepeaHiW BOSrAacoBh O TOM, ITO BCG BHCOKOG H BCE LIpeKpacHoe 
BhYHO, YTO COMHBHIe ye eCTh UpOdakais, YTO HCKYCCTBO MepemH- 
BeTS BCe CyMee YK MOTOMY, ITO STOTO xoueTcH ero agenTy. Ons 
eepums Bb OYIYNIHOCTh HCKYCCTBa: Kakb cMbeTC BH COMHBBATLCA? 
Wexosbey s{paBOMEICASIMeMY, RAK BCeIWa, KOT OHS BM'BETS TIO Cb 
YeXOBBEOME PeXHTIOSHHIMS,—OCTACTCA OTHECTHCh NOYTHTCABHO Eb 4ty- 
moh Bbpb, we OckOpOASTD ef AOrHKOH H Upe_ocTaBATh ee BSpyw- 
IMeMy... 

Tlonpo6yfire, sanpawbps, nopoiira cb A0rMKo kb SHANeHHTOMY 
Tumny Teoduiza Torse Bb secTb BBYHOCTH HCKYCCTBA, TAKS sPeKTAO 
M TOPAeZHBO BOCITBTON NosTOM’: 


Tout passe. L’art robuste 
Seul a l’éternite. 

Le buste 
Survit a la cité 


Et la medaille austére 

Que trouve un laboureur 
Sous terre 

Révéle un empereur. 


Les dieux eux mémes meurent. 

Mais les vers souverains 
Bemeurent 

Plus fort que |’ airain... 


OcTaBEMS Bb CTOPOHS KPaCHBHA TAaBTOAOTIH OH: «Boe mpoxo- 
yaTb. JHU MOIYICMY HCKYCCTBY UpHHalsexaTh BbIHOCTS... Jase 
GorH yMHpawTs. Ho Taepxe Opoush BBEOBBIAH WapcTBeHHHe CTHXH». 
OTO yOBABTCALHO JAH TOTO, KETO yxe BbpuTb. Ho BoTh JOBOAN: «<bwocrs 
NepemHBaeTE rocyzapcrpo. VW rpy6aad wmefaxb, ROTOPyH Naxaps Ha- 
XOMBTH NOMS SOMIEW, OTEPHBACTS MIPy HMMepaTopar... 

I[pexaxe Bcero—kako# YXHBHTCAbHH MaTepiasusmb. Bwcrs nepe- 
WHBACTE TocyzapcTBo? Passb obb MepexHBaeTh eFO Bb KavecTR RB 
IpOHsBeseHia uckyccTBa? PasBb ero coxpaHseTh TBOPYeCKad AROS, 
BAQMeHHAA BD Hero? PasBb Bb oro ycTOHUHBOCTH OHS He PaBeH'b 
ApyroMy ocraTky MaTepiaxbHoH KysbTypH—2HOoMy 4ypOaHy, mOomMy 
Kycky moexbsa? Crexerh nomuefickef co6aka lepexHad PHMCKYD Yro- 
CYZQPCTBOBHOCTL, AOAMCHH H KPOMJCXH e@pORHIH KOAbTCKYW KYXb~ 


BYXYIRE BCKYCCTSO. 115 


TYpY: KAKOC OTHOMeHie BBIHOCTh OTHXE KYCKOBD KOCTH NM KAMHA 
uwberb Kb YCTORGBBOCTH TOCYASPCTBCHHHXS WAH KYABTYPHHXS opMs? 
Jia, 6WCTh WepeRABACTS YOCYAAPCTBO,—OAHHD H8b THCAYS, HSB XO- 
CHTKOBL THCAYS: BhAb 9TO WCTAad cAyiaHHOCTh. BBAL OTS rpoMal- 
Haro Mipa rpeyweckaro XYAOMeCcTBCHHArO TBOPYECTBA MH MMBOME IHS 
KaIEie OCTATEH, 10 KOTOPHME MOKCM CYABTS O CFO HOHCICPIAOMOMS 
BCXHWH; H HHITO—HH COKPOBHIMa TBOPYCCKOH MBICIH, Bb HEIO BAO- 
SOHHHA, HH BHICOKOG MBCTO, KOTOPOC OMY YXBIAIA OKRPYRAWMAA KY Ib- 
Typa,—HAYTO He clacxo ero OTb ru6eau. Jia, Tepwecs Ipaxcutesa 
HepemHXb Ipeiweckyw YTOCyapcTBeHHOCTS; HO BBAb Mu «llomnTefia>. 
ApHcToTela e€ lepexHAa H HE TOALKO Wepexusza, HO H AOHECEa 10 
Hach. WsTBOpyeCckad MHICIb, BIOMCHHAA Bb IpeyecKkyW TOCYAAPCTBOH- 
HOCTh, AOULIa 10 HACh H Bb HSBBCTHOMS CMBICKB Takb %O RHBA, RAKD 
MHICHb, BONAOMeHHaA Bb «l epmecb». 

Vian apyro# upambps: oora6s xpesnift AecHOTh, HCIC9E CB AHNA 
S@MIH CFO OOAHES, CTCPAACh UAMATb O HOM; HO BOTS, WaXapb, RAM 
S& ILXYTOMD, NOAHHMACTS BHPHTYO AJCNCXOME MOHOCTY—H BS IpyOnxs 
<JepTaxh H pb3axb> ApeBHeH MeXaH yIeHHM MiPb HAXOAETS HS- 
BbcTie 0 HEHSBbCTHOMS rocyxapb. OveHb xopomo: kaxoe OTHOWECHIC 
9TO EMBCTE Kb BBYHOCBH HCKYCOTBA, KAaKD OCOGaro BHAG MHUNCHIA? 
PasBb BD cossanie eTo mexaaH HeNpeMBHHO OIA0 BAOKOHO ITO-xHOO, 
KpomB y8kO YTHAHTapHHX?D bse? Passb ea weKaHb HeOOXOAHMO 8a- 
WeiaTXbHD XYAOMECTBCHHHMS TBOPVeCTBOMS? Passes m06ag HAaHCh HS 
KaMHS He coodmmAa Ob HAM TOrO He 0 SAOHTOME UuMMepaTOpb? 
Tout passe—pasymberca: MOCKOABEY MHI HaXOAHMCS BE OOARCTH MA- 
TepiaxbHo# KyabTypH. Vi 6wcTH He cOCTaBIAWTS HCKMIeHIA. Haupacho 
Torne KHWHTCa TMB, ITO <apCTBEHHHe CTHXH BBKOBBYBH». [Ipocro 
COB€pMeHHO H@NOHATHO, EaKb NesTb, sHakOMHt cb acTOpiell xuTe- 
PaTypH, MOKETb CKasaTb HBITO No_06HOe. TOALKO UTO OWS HASBalh 
GucTE Gorbe sbEOBbIBHMS, ThMS TocyxapcTBeHHHt crpot; reneps 
OKASHBaeTcs, 4TO cTHXH Goxbe ycrToiunBH, Ths OpoHsa, TO eCTb 
TOTh xe Oncrs. Ho whab sBcakifi sHaeTh, ITO HOTOpia ApeBHelt 3H- 
TCPATYPH Cb BeAHYAADIHME TPYAOME KOHCTPYHPyeTCH 3% HHYTOX- 
HHXb OCTAaTKOB, ITO TO, WTO OTS Of NAMATHHEOBS AOMAO AO HAC, 
@CTh 110 HCTHHS Fragment der Fragmente. My ne awhewh nowne ne 
odnoeo APeBHE-rpeyeckaro MHCATOAR, OT KOTOpAarO cOxXpaHHz0ch On 
Bce ero AHTepaTypHoe JocTosHie. I'yb rpeyeckie RHEIHKH?—MHI eABA 
SHaeME HX uMeHa. I'xb carapnh Apxuxoxa? [yb rammn Taprea? 
He CeMHACCATH JBYXE beCh OCXHAa JO HACh AOMAO COMb, HBB CTA 
mec’ Codokia TOKe CeMb, H8b MHOTOWCACHHHXS (OTS 75 JO 123) 
mbecé EspHuuya MH ubems caTHpHieckoe upexctaBrenie «][aka0rE» 
H cemHaggatTh Tparegifi. Huyero He ciacan les vers souverains. Yau, 
Gombme CXbAaaH HeBBACCTBCHHHG MOHAXH CpeAHeBSROBLA, KOTOPHE 
RODMLYHCTBCHHOH pykoH cTHpaaH DemsoH Cb epramenTa Aparoirbanna 
CHOB2 MHICAHTOICH H NOSTOBS APCBHOCTH H H& STUXS DAAMMICeCTAXS 
BOA GBOH IPHXOXO-PacXOAHhA BalNCH. 

ad 





116 A TOPH@®ERALBX SS. 


Mexay rbut, ecan6m Teopuap Forse o6paTaxb BHHMaHie Ha Me- 
Hbe MaTepiadbHy CTOpoHy UponsBegenifi uckyccTBa, ORD OnIb OH 
Ooabe yObguTesens. He Takb yab BhEOBBIBH co3,aHia BCKYCCTEBA, 
KaKb KaKeTCH WOITY, HO OHH BCe-TAakH ycTOHGHBBe BechMa HeOITO- 
BEYALXD OICTOBL H THCAIAMH THOHYMUXS CTHxoBs. Jame DOrH6HyBt, 
OHH KRHBYTS BH JyWaxb THX, KTO AMH Haclamlalcd,— OHH KUBYTS 
Bb BBYIHO OOHOBIAWNICMb HX WOHHMAHIH, OHH HUBYTS Bb BIiAHIL, 
KOTOpOe OHM Okas8aIH Ha AYMCBHYH AUBHb HA Ha HCKYCCTRO. OHH KuH- 
BYTb Bb XYAOKECTBEHHOK Tpagunin. Konewno, ObiBaioTh cryyan, 4TO 
THOHeETS Tpalunia, 4TO EpepHBaeTcA HuTb pasBaTia. Ho Boobme-TO0, 
CCH MOHHO TOBOPHTh O BbYHOH HUSHH OTABAbHATO XYAOMECTBEHHATO 
Mpouspexenia, TO TOIbBKO Bb CMHICIB eFO KH3HH AYXOBHOH, KOTOpAS, 
KOHEYHO, Oe3sKOHeYHO MpokoImATerbHbe Hw Hajexube, whMb ero He- 
ycroHuuBoe cymlecTBoBaHie Bb Mipb MaTepiaXbHOMb HIA BE XHBOK 
pbau napoya. YMperh Hapolb, YMpeTh ASHKb—H WepecTaHyTS Depe- 
XOJHTb H3Sb YCTb Bb YCTa CABHUTCABHHIG HI WapcTBeHHHe CTHXE. 
Ho sbano TO AyuleBHOe ABMeHie, NepBLIMb ABHTaTeweMb KOTOPArO 
OHIO coszanie TROpYeCKOH MBICIH N0aTa. OTH BOABH MOpPaIbHOk oHep- 
rid HHKOrJa He yTpaTaTh cBoelt CHIH; 9Ta oHeprid, Kakb H BCAKASA 
Apylad, MOKeTh TOIBKO u3MBHUTS CBOIO OpMY, HO He ACuesHyTh 6es- 
CIUBAHO. 

Baxube Bcero, ofHaKko, TO, aro Torne, BocubBad BBIHOCTh ACKYC- 
CTBa, BOCI'SIS TO, ITO Bb HEM OpeHHO. OD TOBOPATS © TOM, 4TO 
cOsqaHif HCKYCCTBa BBUHBI -— XOTA MBI BHABAM, 4YTO OHH JaxekO He 
BbunH. HO OHS HH CJOB& HE CKa8aIb O BBYHOCTH CAMOFO HCKYCCTBA. 
IlycTb ceroqua UpekpaTuTca HaBbEH BCAKOC XYJORECTREHHOe TBOPIC- 
CTBO; cTOd Ha TOYKB spbuia osm Lorne, moxHo cb Tbwb Ke 1AaeOCOMB 
HM GaMOYAOBIeTBOPeHieMS MOBTOPATS eA TOPRECTBCHHHA yBbpeHiz: 


Tout passe. L’art robuste 
Seul a l’éternite. 


Craphie OWCTH OCTaHYTCH H CTaphe CTHXH OYAYTb XHTb Bb 
namMatH. Jaa Torbe BBag0’ TOAbEKO HCKYCCTBO Mpomsaro; TaHHCTBeE- 
Had CH1@ COXpaHseTh efO OCTATKH BODPeKA CTHXiAMB H YTBEpAe- 
HiaMb acTopiv. Jo uckyccrBa HacTosMmaro, JO HCKyCCTBa Oyzyuaro 
euy HBId Abra. Bee oOcrourh Olaronory4HO: DO Meqaav MOKHO Y3HaTh 
O CrHHyBIleM rocyzapb; kakoe eme Oyzymee HYHHO UCKyCCTBy? 

Meany Thmb Bce 7610 BB STOM OyJymemb. Boupocd He Bb TOMS, 
GTO Okasaxoch ycTrohuupbe—rpaxzanckad OOMMHaA ApeBHATO Mipa Hn 
CO3aHia ef XYMORECTBCHHOH KYALTYPH, @& Bb TOM, Kakas OylyM- 
HOCTh HACT HCKYCCTBO, Kak YeXOBbueckyw AbatTerbHocTs. Hams ro- 
BOPATD: OCTATEH Npomsaro HCKYCCTBa, MOST OWTb, H BBIHH, HO 
y Hero HbTB Oyfyolaro; CaMO MCKYCCTBO yMpeTh; HMCKYCCTBa we Oy- 
MOTD. 


‘ ! 








BYAYHIRE MUKYCCTBU. 117 


I. 


By Hamel reopernieckoh auTepatypb oTH CHOpN © OyAymeM> 
HCKYCCTBA = nOAydHIn AN6OnHTHbHnIee BUpaxenie BL A3BBCTHOMD 
Masorb Tl. J. Jlasposa: «Komy upnuagzemuTs Oyxymiee?» Bos- 
3pbuis, BHCKAasaHHWA sybcb CTOPOHHHKAMH H [POTHBHHKAMA Be- 
AHKOH H HelpexoqanleH OylyuIHOCTH HMCKYCCTBa, IpesBnuaiino HHTe- 
PCCHH HE TOIbRO HOTOMY, 4TO OHH MOPMYIHPOBAHH TaKHWb CH4Ib- 
HEM, AOFHYeCKH NOCABAOBATCAbHHMD H MOPAXbHO OescTpawHHM MEI- 
CinTezemb, kakB I]. JI. laspopp, wo w NO cBoec6pasuniMh ocoben- 
HOCTAMD MOCTaBAeCHHOH uM ceOb gazayg. Kakb MOMHATS 4YHTATeAR, 
Xapaktepabimel ocobeunocthn coGecbaHAKOBh, BHICTYNAaNMAXd Bb 
Alaiorb, ABIACTCA CTPACTHOCTS HX AOTHEH, HX HeTeAOBbaeckaa Mo- 
caxbjopaTeabHocTh. Uspbcrao, 43> Kako WKOIH BHIUIAH 98TH H8OpaH- 
HHEH: Beluyalimree Halpaxenie CRENTHOH3Ma Bb YIHTeIB BLIPAasHIOCh 
Bb BeOIHIahMeMh HalpameHin JOrMaTHSMa Bb YYERHEAXD. «fl BaBerd 
MKOAY, —Pa3scKka3biBaeTh UX YIHTCIbB—TAB ynoTpe6u1b BCe CBOe CTa+ 
panle Ha pasBHuTie NocABJORATeALHOCTH Bb MEICMH H SHEprin Xapak- 
Tepa BOCIATAHHHEOBS, He TOABKO He HaBASHIBad Mb KAKOLO Ow TO 
HA O10 eATHOOOpasHaro BSTAgya HA RHB3Hb, HO CTAPAACh Bb KaR- 
JOM pasBuTb 0 NOcabg~Hef BOSMOKHOCTH TO HallpaBlenie, KOTOPOe 
caMu co60 BHpadbaTHBatoch 8b efO PUSHICCREXS H NCHXHUCCKHXD 
ocoGenHocte#. Kakozo 6H aH On10 yObxJeHIe, RE KOTOPOMY CRAOHAACA 
MOM BOCIHTAHHHED, A&A JaRaib eMy BC CpelCTBA OTEPHTb YW CHARTS 
@pryMeHTH Bb WOAb3y sToro yObxRenis, ocla6ATh H YHHYTOMATD apry- 
MCHTH IPOTHBHAKOBD; A CTapalcs HalpaBATh Bch CHAN eFO YMa& Ha 
TOCABAOBAaTeILHYW oO6pa6oTay Mipocosepuania Bb cuca oTOTO yO- 
alenid, BCh CHIN ero XapakTepa Ha 9Heprayeckoe BOMAOMeHIe BD 
KHSHb TOFO, ITO OHD MOCTBAOBATeEALHO UpOLyMaxrb». 

OTA CHCTeMa, EOHETHO, MOFla UPOSBHTBCA BO Bee cBOeH CaxXB 
JHIUb Ha H36paHHHKaxd. BorsMHHCcTBO YYeHHKOBS Maykaio KepTBow 
SRJCRTH3Ma. OHH MyraaHch pb3karo upoTaBopbuia cBoe MHICAH Cb 
TpagunieH HW UbTAaIHCh COrAacHTb HeCOrAacHMOe; Apyrie, OCTAaBaACcb 
4YHAWMH KAKOMY Ob! TO HA OHIO ONperblenHOMy YOBRACHIW, DAH BD 
H3HH OAHOBPeMCHHO 00 pasHbiM’h LYTAMS H, KOHETHO, He UpHIAH 
HHKYAa—H Takb Jame. «ToibkO MecTh YAOBBRS HSE MOHXD MHOTO- 
YHCACHHHX BOCHHTAHHAKOBS — pasCkashBaeTh YILTCIb—COOTBBICTBO- 
BalH MOHMb URHAaHiaMS. ITO OAM BH. Bawiu cTpemMaAcHia, XapakTeph 
H pa3BHTie 6AM pbseo pasIHIHH WH pbskO Oper bAcCHHH, HO kami 
48h Bach OO61afarb ABYMA YCAOBiAMH, KOTOPHIA Id MCHA OIIH OAHH- 
CTBEHHO CYMICCTBCHHH: OCIbOBATeIbHOIO MHICAbIO H HeYKAOHHHMD, 
SHOPIHGeCKHME yObmreHiemb. Fl He xarbyb CpexCTBb u ¢Tapanili, 
GroOH PASBATL KakKJaro ASS Bach AMOHHO BS TOMS HaNpaBACHin, Re- 
TOpes eFO XAPAKTePHS0BA10, ITOOM YCHINTD M OlpexbieRMSE Otep- 


118 A PTrOPHO®RABL SB. 


THT eFO OCOOeHHOCTL, AAaTb CMY HauAyIMie apryMeHTH AIA BaDlATH 
ero B8Tidqa Ha Be, BCCIHTS Bb Herd CaMyH HeYMOAUMYH pbIE- 
MOCTh JCXYMATb CBOW MEICA NOCKBAOBATeAbHO AO KOHIA H BOMOTHTS 
66 Bb HSH, WTO OH STO HA CTOHAO H KB KAKHMD OH pesyALTATAaMS 
HH UpuBeio. Kaxzni mBCSIS BH CXOIHINCh D0] MOM PYKOBOI- 
CTBOME H& AHCOYTH, MOMOrad KaRIOMY Bb AOTHICCKOMS PAasBUTin MH- 
CHH H BB BHpa6oTES W1aHOBS eA MpakTwyeckaro upuMbHeHia. Ipu 
BHXOXB 485 MOCH DIKOAH 4 B8SIb Cb BACH COBO CEBBKATHCA EO MHB 
Bb OUpeAbACHHHe CPOKH H MpOMOARaTh Balk COBbUaHia, MpoBhpag 
HX} UP@kTHKOW RHSHH». 

CauxbreaMH O2HOFO H8b T&EHXS AMCHYTOBS YRC ‘CAORABIMAXCH 
apjeft pbaaerb Hacb fiazors I. A. Jaspopa. Mw BHAMMS Upers co- 
6of He MpocTo TeopeTHEOBS, aAnp,et, GesctpacTHO OTCTABBaWIMUX' CBOH 
TOURH 3p'BHi, CKCLITHKOBD HAH SEXORTHEOBS. XYORHHED H YICHHH, 
KaluTazHCTh H COMaIHCTh, TOCyapcTBeHHHES H iesyHTb BHICTYNaNTS 
Ipelb HaMH KAR JOTMAaTHEH, KaKb MPOMOBBAHHEH, Kakb PakaTHRH. 
APIyMCHTH SBOHATS M CBEPEAWTh, KAaKb Yap CMCPTOHOCHHIXS KABH- 
KOBb, naeoch yObaenia sapamaeTh axe Tam, LB coxepxauie B0s- 
spbuit BaMb wymRI0 A TarocTHO. [[oHaTHO, Kak BaKHO H HHTepecHoO 
TO, 4TO TOBOPHTCH Bb STHXS YCAOBIAXS 3a HAH MpPOTHBD. TO, 4TO BLbCb 
Bb 11aMCHHOMB H TBOPYCCKOMD OOcyKAeHiM POKOBarO BOMpPOea <KOMY 
IpHHalIexKuTS Oylymee?»—CkasakHo 0 GYAyMIeM HCKYCCTBAa, OFeBHAHO, 
ecTh caMoe yObXHTeIBHOe, NONHOG H AOKASATeAbHOe BHpamenie Bcero, 
UTO MOFYTh CkasaTb 06% BTOMb UpexeTS pasHooOpasHbie TeopeTaku 
HCKYC€TBA—eFO ONTHMECTHYeCKie afeITH, ero NeCCHMHUTHYeCKIe HH- 
RUMepeHTHCTH, CFO CRCUTHRH H CTO (aHaTHEA. 

BupaskTesAMH. <«IOCXbOBATOALHHIXE» BSTAAIOBb Ha HCKYCCTBO 
apiawtca y Il. JJ. Jlaspopa TpH TeopeTuka: XYAOMHHED mydio, mper- 
CTABHTOAb HaykA, HOcamift BB AiasorB kamaky [podeccopa, a HeHs- 
BRCTHHH «<3HaTOR HCKYCCTBAa», KPHTHYCCKYH CTaTbW KOTOparo—Ha- 
TacawHy m0 noBoxy cMepta Axysio — uaraers IIpodeccops cobe- 
chiHHRaM. 

Muy uMbems ocHosania [yMaTb, H HBR YRACMS Ha OTH OCHOBAHIA, 
ato camb II. J. Jlappopb He pasybiaxb KaTeropH4eckHXxb cyRJeHilt 
BHIB@ACHHHIXD HM TCOPCTHEOBS HCKYCCTBa. OHS He OCAOKHHI AHXb 
posspbuifi, wT06H cxbsaTs HXb AO KOHNA <NOcTbjOBaTeAbHHMH». OHH 
ONHAKO He TOABKO He HOCHBAOBATCALHH, HO H He CBBAYM; OHH HE 
SHAT TOTO, O YOM TOBOPATS, OHH JOXO ONbEHBANTS HacTOAMee 
H HOTOMY elle XyKe MpopoyecTByWTS o Oy,ymems. 

Xynomauke Jlaxysio caa6wi Teoperuxs cBoero ucKyccrsa. Mosb- 
pHMS OMY H CFO cOBxaTedW, ITO OHS TeHii—-OHb Takb kpacHopBixBO 
TOBOPETS 0 MOTyTemME AbicTBiH CBOHXE TBOpeHI#, — HO O IcHxO0rin 
XYAOMHHEA, O CMHCKB XyJOREcTBA H O MCX2HHEMB XyOKeCTBEHHArO 
rhiicrBid OHS cyJaTb OMB6OWHO—H OTTOFO BB IIpeACKasabHiaxh® 0 Be- 
aHKOM OyAyUIHOCTH HCRYCCTB2 OLUpaescA Ha TO HC, H8 ITO enHpa- 
wrca BCb UpOpORH peauriosMaro cKAaQa: Ha cBOM uaeces. Onb HAIH- 


- SYXVNIBE HCKYCOTBO. 119 


NACI Cb CBOCH XADASKTEPHCTHKHE; OND GO8KOHOYHO BOCUPINWHABE H 
MHOTOCTOPOHEHS; y Hero HBTS UpHecTpactTifi, MOTOMY 4TO BCMEAA 4y- 
Mad CIPacTb sapaKacTb efO CXOXHHMS YYBCTBOMS; Bb A3BBCTHOMS 
CMHICEYB OHS GespasXH4OHb, HO 9TO TOABEO NOTOMY, FTO NOX STAND 
GespasaAnviems ObeTCH RHBAA CHMNATIAN KU ecAKOMY CHADHOMY IpOsBIe- 
HilD KHSHE. OTO cBOMcTBO Jmyxio, OVCBAAHO, CUHTACTE XapAakTePHHND 
Aid BCARAIO XYAOKHHES. «51 OJHHS BSS BCHXE BACH — HANOMHHACTD 
OHD CTAPHMS TOBAPHMAMb, TAKS AAACKO PASOMeAMHNCA Bb PasHHs 
CTOPOHH—HHEOIO H3b B&Ch H6 HOHABARHIS, BH Ch EBMS HSS BAC 
He Goposca H TeNeph BD NOcEBAHiG MHHYTH ABSHE, Ch TeNAOW ID- 
6OBLD OTHODIYCh Kb KAaSAOMY HSE Bach. A ch HactamAeHioMS CxXY- 
Max H MOFYIyW HAYIHYW AOruKy Ipodeccopa, mu D1aMeHHYW pexH- 
TiosHYW UpOMOBbAL WMHKBHsHTOpa, H TOHRIA DosHTHUeCKIia cooOpaxe- 
His Bapona, H MHpoKia @aHaHCOBHA KOMOsaHanin KaprexHuka, H 
TposHii PeBOAWIOHEHA UpEsHBE Badeda». Anratexb NOMHETS, ITO 
TaKid UPOSBAMa Jax} CBOMMb YICHHEKAMS HXD ycoumis yauTearb. <u 
MO@HS—PasBHBaeTh CBO TOUKY spbHia Jimyxio—sBce NOAHO HBSHH H 
WpexecrH, MOTOMY 4TO A OHH HSB BACh BHKY MRABYW, BSIHO-Ipe- 
KP&CHYN CTOPOHY TOTO, ITO AAA BaCh CAMHXS GCTb AHS NpeXosAMee 
cpefcTBo Ain jaxekoH mban. Korga @ Dxakarb PH sBYKAXE Op- 
Taa HO MAaX® 3yAa cB. Anyapia sBMBCTB co BChMS TPONeMyMUN> 
H&POJOMb, A DOHAMANS Berwdic PeXBTiH HACTOABKO Ke, KAR NOHHMANS 
BOAHWC PeBOAWII BL MAHYTY, ROTA cTosxb Cb Ba6ehomws Ha Gap- 
PHERaAS NOXE KPACHHMb SHAMCHOM, H NOX HOTaMH MOHMH Xpyorbza 
KYEZ3 MASOHHH, Opomenuad Ha Oappakaly paAXOMS Cb OOTKAMH HSB 
cocbAnaro norpeéa. 41 cb saMHpaniemh cepaAla # Cb HACIaRIeHiOMh 
CEBAHEE 38 YCIBXaMH CHILHEKOBD Dapena, KOra OHH pPasHCKHBAalH 
PaXHKAIOBE; H Ch TAKHMS Ke HACKARACHIOMS, Ch TAKRHMS XO 8aMH- 
paniews cepAua MAAK, WOOM yAAICA ONHITS Upoeccopa, woOw mep- 
TBAS XHIKOCTL 3akHObra Oantrepiama 4 MOHAJaMH; Cb TAEHNS Xe 
HacEaxjenieM) H SaMHpawieMb cepala A cTOaXIB 0x35 HKaptexsueca 
na Onpxb u cebjuxb 38 BHHUIPHBABIIBMA MHEZIOHH OTS OfHOM TexAC- 
TpaMMH, 38 OXBAHOCTL PAassOPABMNXCA CHEKYAATOPOBD>. 

Mui MOXeMS BSPHTS UNXIRHMD UPHSHabiagMs ceHxcaTHBHArO [xyxio, 
HO HHKSEB He pbIHMCH UPHSHaTh STO HeCOOMEH@BCHHOC, AKTHBHOG H 
Bb AOYMATS BOSBEeCHHOS GOesanvie yrbi0Mwb BCAKAarO Xy0mRHHES. IIpe- 
yeeaHuenHoe uso6pameHie Jaxyxio HanOMHHaeTh UpPOcTO EKappHEAaTYpy 
Ha OCTeETHYCCKYN BOCIpPIMMIHBOCTS apTacTa. Jia, XYAOMHHKD WHPOKS 
MZ HOXIACH choco6eHS ONBEHTh UpaBly Bb MiaMeTPAAbHO UpOTHBONO- 
SOKHHIXDS TOHICHUIAXE; 1a, sCTeTHUeCCKi# BOCTOPIS Bb HBBBCTHOH cCTe- 
T1OHH CIOCOGeHS BHTOIKHYTh Ha BpeMaA Apyria uyscTBa. Ho «cxbAuTD 
Ch HacGHaRACHieMb 88 YCITBXaMA CHINIHEOBS» YOAOBBRS, AM HE CO- 
YYRCTBYWMIH, MORETE BL TakOH xe MBpb, KAR BOCTOPraTLca YAUBH- 
TemHoH xXyZOMecTBeHHOH MBTEOCTADD BHCTpbaa, yOaBilaro ero pe- 
Genxa. Ecth mpe’bab, 8&8 KOTOPHIMH SCTeTHKA CTAHOBHTCA CMBIDHA, 
w6o orpamacT co6a. Hao 21 Kb TOMY HO HAMOMHHATL, ITO, OCA 


130 A TO@PH@EASBGRS. 


Name eCTh Takie XYNOMAAEA, Kakb Jmysio, xaxb Bepemarans, He 
6e8b CTCTHYECKATO KOKCTCTBA PasckasaBMi, KAKB WO ero mpoch6s 
HOBsCHIH ABYX TYPOKS,—TO ecTb H Takie, KaRb NOARWH AbaTeAb- 
How x06Ba Ycuencki#, nan Jocroescrifi, HeHaBayAbBMiff He CIMMEOMD 
Ma10, & CHHDIKOMS MHOTO. AYpHO 43H STO OTPAasHIOCh HA HX HCRYC- 
cTBb? Crbsaso 3H MeHSe «HCTHHAHMA» XYNOMAHEAMA? Tasoro mbie- 
Hid He SHACTS TeOpid HCKYCCTBA. 

«<4To MHB Bald baw?—pasBUBacTs Larbe CBoW Teopiw Jmysio:— 
WTO MHB BCE JalekOe, OTBXCYCHHOC? AABHb HE Bb STOM'D: OHA Bb 
cTpofno# hopmb HacTosme# MHHYTH, Bb MaTeTHYeCKOMb MOTpacenia, 
"WTO OH HH CKPHBA&I0Cch NOW STOW PopmMonw. Bce mpoxoxuTh, cm bus- 
@TCS, YMHpaeTb. bescMepTHO ADI TO, ITO CXBAYCHO HCKYCCTBOMS, 
aTo oxo ofescMepTHAO. HW 6escmepTHO OHO motxo TOTOMY, ITO Mpe- 
KpacHO, XYAOMeECTBEHHO CxBayeHO. Cosepmanie, nxeu, HPaBCTBCHAHA 
WhIH MASH, HayIHad CHcTeMa—Bce ApedegeHb. GABBETL A MOKCTS 
HUTb TOXbKO HCKYCCTBO, NOTOMY 3TO OHO OescMepTHO H maeTh 6e3- 
cMeprie.OHO OXHO—Bce IPHMHpseTS BH BCe OmHBIReTS. BH ero Ofna 
NOMAOCTE H MeXOUHOCTD. Ho, yero OHO KOCHETCH, TO XBBO HABBEL, A 
@ KAHNOMY W385 BaACh AOKAZAIb oTo>. VW sybcb, KOHeIHO, MH BCTPB- 
WaeMb TY KC BePeHANY PATOPHIeCCKHXS TaBTOIOTi#, KOTOPHA BHBIE 
yxe BB ob Teodura Torbe. Copepmenno HenOHATHO, HallpaM bps, 
HMOVeMY TOCYAaPCTBCHHAA BAACTh HaA'b MHAMOHAMH xJeH un Oup- 
ROBMA CICKYAADIA, ABAAWMIA EAOBBEA TAaKHMD He BAAIMEOH RasHA 
HiIH © HHIMHME pa6OMb,—NOIMY BCE STO <faIeKOe, OTBACICHHOG?, 
&@ weaxbHoe cosqanie xysOmecTBeHHOH MbICAH—HBITO O1usKOe 
ROHKpeTHOe. «Bce mpoxo_uTs, cu’buseTcs, yMapaecrb»—roHeIHO. Ho 
COBepmIeHHO Bb Tako xe mbpb, BS Kako IpOxXO_UTS H YMHPAeTH 
BCG, YMHPAWTh H MpPOXOAATE XyMOMEcTBCHHHA cosfaHis. Amysio Takb 
BBPHTE BL ycTyH opMy, 3TO w 3xbcb, Bb OOAACTH HayIHOH MEICIH, 
IMB, Kasax0ch On, sTOH nycroH dopmb abrb mbcta,—ja OHb BH CaM 
MOHONOMIN Ha WYCTHA POPMH OTAAeT HCKYCCTBY,—OH®D BCO-TAKH Opy- 
A¥eTh HCKANGATCABHO YTBEPRICHiAMA, Bb KOTOPHX CCTL ATO YTOMHO, 
KpomB cosepmania. Teopetaku screTasma piywHik Hach Eb STOMyY— 
HK BB OTOM® cCMHICIB Jmyxi0 YAHBUTeCIbHO SaKOHYCHHAA H XyMOmecT- 
BOHHO SHBAA Purypa. Onb TOIDKO HE CHCHKACTS, EARL 9TO OOHKHO- 
BOHHO A'BAAWTL RPOMW «Bcero BHICOKATO A BCeFO NpekpacHaro», He 
BAORHBIIG Bb eo paspa6oTKy HH EPYNANH TBOpyeckoH mHcau. Ho 
OHb TAKE TOMYeTCH Ha MbCTb, NOBTOpaeTS ceOa u—-38a HOUMBHieM Ee 
uHOro Goxbe yObluTeAbHarO MaTepiata—OpanuTcs. He cmorpa Ha co6— 
CTBCHHHA YBSpeHis, 4TO OH KO BCBM HB KO BCeMY OTHOCKTCH <cE 
TCNAOW AWOOBLW>, OH HasuiBacTh «ApebesqeHbW» HPaBCTBCHHHA Wha - 
KHSHH H HAayWHHA CHCTEMH—TOWHO cTpoH ero yObapenifi ne ecTh Ha— 
yuHasd CHCTe@Ma,—H BHAT BHB HCRYCCTBA TOXbKO «NOMJ0CTh H MO~ 
AOWHOCTE» BCBTb—Aaxe BE TOH HASHEHHOH Ooph6b, BL TparHyeckHX'E, 
IPHHCTIAXS KOTOPOH MPHHHMAID yyacTie Ch TARHMD Hacrameniems . 

Hickyccrso 6escmepTHO MOTOMY, ¥TO OHO GescMepTHO—KpUMB 9TOR 


SYAYINKE HCKYCCTBO. 131 


TABTOXOFin, EOTOPOH He IPHAAeTh CMHICAS SKCTASS, Ch EAKEMS OHA 
INPOHSHOCHTCS, 48% THPAIH Jixyxio He BLIMeMIb HHIerO. He Ooasmte 
yYOBAHTCABHOCTH SAKAWGANWTS HW CTO HHTePCCHHe H MEACTHIHNE pas- 
Cka3H O ero KapTadaxb. ORB MPOHHECH peAHTiOSHHIM® SKCTASOME H 
Halucaxb XpHcTa, OTPOKaWMaroca OTh MATEPH H OpaTbeBh,—H CHa 
aTOro w306pameHiad OWA TAKb BeSHKA, ITO, NO CAOBAaM® EATOIHIC- 
Ckaro HayBbpa g9moms XpHCTCCh AOAKCHD OHTS Bb KOAbS KRARABTO 
MOHAXa: «BB CrO BSraaAb, Bb CTO ABARMCHIH ACKETS NORKCHS WEplars 
CHAY YORTS BCB NPABASAHHOCTH, BCB WeAOBBICCKia YBCTBA H CBASH 
H& as’Taps pexHTid, KOTOpad He AOIKHA SHATh HAGEL GXOBhIecKaros. 
SaTbMp Jxyxio, YBICKIDHCL palioHaIbHHMb HCTOAKOBaHICMD AHYHOCTH 
CoacutTeza, Oxarogapa coef rpomazHof cnocoOHocTH DepeBonz0me- 
Hid, H300pasH4’ Cb TAakOW Me cHA0H MHHYTY, Korma XpHcToch Boobpa- 
maeTs ce6a Mecciefi-a upeacTaBaTeyb HaykH AOAMeOHS OWE IPH8- 
HAaTb, JTO <4EA WcHXiaTpa sTO 61a AparoubHHbhmag wAAOCTpanis 
NOMBUIATeXBCTBA PeAHTIOSHATO BUsIOHepa H HAIOTHVECEATO BBpOBaHiz 
HepasBATHXE nocrbsoBpaTere# ero»—H npodeccops BEAMYHA CHE- 
MOEB Cb 3T0H sombuareabHolt kapTHHW Bb cBVe usCrbsAOBaHie O «I'e- 
HesHcb YeXOBBICCKHXS 3adryanenity. Cb Tok xe MaMaEpIeH Axyxio 
OTHCCCH Bb CBOCM'S TBOPYECTBB Kb BOUPOCAMS MOAHTHICCKHMS H CO- 
WiaibHHMs. Takb rxy60KO UPOHHEHYTS OTOTS reniaxbHHf XyYAORHURB 
cBoef ropyeaHBoh OesbueiHOCThW, TAK OXOTHO ACMOHCTPHPYeTS ee 
H KOK€THHY0TS €N, 4TO, KAR WBAO KOCHETCA KAKOLO-1H60 HSB Ipo- 
MANHHXS HCTOPHYCCRHXS BOUPOCOBS, paskbIANMHXd YAOBBYCCTBO HA 
ABQ NPOTHBAHX®D Jareps, xyrio UHWIETh NapHHA KAPTHAH, TXB BO- 
UA0MAeTh CB ONHHAKOBHME MACTOPCTBOM'S H MOTYILCCTBOMS FiaMe- 
TPSIbHO POTABONOAOKANA TOIKH 3pbHia. Mgers Oopr6a mMemxy Je- 
cnoTie H HaponoBAacTiemt—jimyxio u300pa3Hx5 Ha OfHOM KapTHHt 
-lpjoBHEa XIV BB To MTHOBeHIe, KOTa MOHAPX NPOHSHOCHTDS CB0e— 
«TOcyAapcTBo sTo A». el spuTedb JOAROHD OA UPHSHATECH, ITO BOB 
STH ONHTHHG, YICHHIC, 8AaCIYReCHHHe, NOITCHHHE, HO OOHBHOBOHHHE 
IOJH, Kb KOTOPHMB OOpameHa roplad pbib Koposgd, cyTS HHBtisg, 
HHYTOREHA CYNECTBA Tepes AMYHOCTEH MOHApXa, UpOcBSTAcHHaro 
BeIHGieME CBOeTO CaHa, KARG OW OGOrOoTBOPeHHAaRO HCKYCCTBOMS». Ha 
ApyroH# kapTuHHb ont ws06pasnas centaOppceie yHA 1792 1.: «<H Boa- 
Kifi SPpHTCAb CO3HABYAB BS KPOBABHIXS, OeslOMaHHXb Talaiaxh He 
Upexcraputerzel MHHYTHOH crpacTH, BpeMeHHarO BSpHBAa, & MCTHTeXeL 
3a HBCKOIBEO BBEOBL HaposHaro cTpajanis, BOUAOMeHie ACTOpH4ae- 
cKkof sacazyHeHHoli KaSHH HaXb THHANMS, CeOsINOHBHIMD H OOSCMHIC- 
XCHHHIMEB MipOMb, OessallHTHHa, THOHYOiA KePTBH CTaiH DOK ero 
KHCTBD HarAs{HHMH DPOICTaBHTelAMH OTHABMAarO Upollexmaro, Tore 
PaSBpaMlewHaro ABOPAHCTBA H TVXOBeHCTBA, KOTOPHA cama noryOHAH 
ce6d CBOMMS SrOH3MOME H CBOCH OFpaHHIeHHOCTHN. Jia BceMOry Maro 
ACKYCCTBA ONHHAKOBO yAO6eHbB H OJBHAKOBO Hariayenb ONY all0- 
e008 AeCHOTHUeCKOH MOHapxin H KPOBaBOH HapoAHOH peBOADIiN». 
Gs roi me ynpomense «<MHorceropenHoeTb» xomomeXS Aaxysio 


122 A FrOPH@EBUS KA b. 


H EB COMAIbHOMY BOMpOCy. OHS HApHCOBaNb AB akBapeH—H HA 
Ramo OAHY H TY xe apy: dadpHkauTa 4 oOAeHMHEA. «ITO OHH 
OXHH H TB Xe Xa, MOUTH Bb TOMB He MOAOMCHIM; HO HBCKOABEO 
IITPHXOBL—H KAPTHHEH COCTABIAIH OpasHTeAbHH anTaTesh. CD 
OHO cTOPOHH, Nepex BaMH OHNE OPeACTaBATeAb OHeprayHo BHTEI- 
XHTCHIH, PASBATOFO YeAOBBuecTBAa, PAAOME Cb TYME HAOTOMS, 
KOTOPHH Oe8b MHICAH DepBaro ocTasca 6H BBIHO BS JOKCTOPHYCCEOMD 
Hepiox’ pasBuTigs; Depew BaMA OHIXb eCCTeCTBCHHHH NOBCXHT@Ib H 
PYKOBOXHTCIL PALOMS Cb WAOBSEOM'D, OOPCICHHHMWS CaMOW IPApoAOW 
Ha BBunOCe WoOsaHHeHie. Cb Apyro# cCTOPOHH, BH HMBIH BHpORLa- 
WMifica, HCHOpyeMHHH THUD SKCOAyaTaTOpa, HABYMarO TRAM YMOMS, 
4YXEME TPYIOMb, H Hepexb HAMS OHLIG peseTABHTEAb Tpy#a, 0- 
aBleHHHH ucropie#, Ho BupaboTaBMmi BL BBIBnOH Oopb6b szopoByn 
MHICXLh H SHEPrHYeCRYH HeHABHCTL KS CBOCMY BpPary; BH YTOBOPHAH 
ceOb: sTO—OTHHBADIA mMipb, KOTOpHH oOpeyeb Ha cKopyw ru6exs, 
w rHOeIb CFO IPHACTS OTCHAR, OTS STOTO YMHATO, OB8x06ACHHATO 4e- 
AJOBBEa, KOTOPHA Tak CHOKOHHO CMOTPHTb Ha CBOCTO ILEYTa-laTpona, 
HO IOTOMY AHIDb, ITO TOTOBATCA HAHOCTH eMY CMeCPTeAbHNH yap. 
Bech comiaxbanit BOIpoch, Harb KOTOPHMS TAakb ObWTCH MOH IpPysbA 
KaprexHHen # baoeds, 6Hxb pbOIeHb MHOW BB STHXb JABYXS AKBA- 
peI#xb Bb HBCKOIDKO MHHYTb, pbUIeHb 0 MpOHSBOAY Bd TY HAH 
Epyry CTOpowy, MOTOMY 4TO HCKYCCTBO TOCHOACTBYeTS HaXb BCBMS, 
HOBeXBBACTE BCBMD, 10. WPOHBBOTY, NO UPHXOTH MHHYTH BOsBeAHWU- 
BaeTh H YHHRACTL: BHB CTO BCC MCXKO, HHITORHO, MEPTBO. Bab ero 
HBTS KHBHH, HST HCTAHH, HST HPABCTBEHHOCTH. OHO OHO AaeTb 
HHSHb, ONHO—COSAACTS HCTHHY, CO8XRCTh HPABCTBEHHOCTS». 

BS sTOMb IpesBHyahHOMS CaMOJOBOAbCTBB H CaMOMH'BHIH HaHB- 
HarO XYJOMHHKA OAHO OcOOeHHO JOcTOHHO sambiaHid: OHB coBep- 
WeHHO He XOUCTL SHATb, TSM erO MOTyTee HppaionasbHoe ACKYC- 
cTBO O628aHO palioHarbHOl MBIcaH. OHS pucoBarb woryyaro JIpj0- 
BHEa H MOrydifi Hapoxb, dadpHkaHTa-6oraTHpa H padozaro-Hzi0Ta, 
(padpHEaHnTa-jerekepata H padoyaro-Gopua,—H Jame He NOJyYMaXb, BE 
RakoH CTONeCHH 98TH BOUAONICHHHA HMb HACH NOACKASAHH eMy HAyKOH, 
NyOAHNMCTHEOH, uxeHof Gops6of, KOTOPHA OHS TARb caMOyBBpeHHO 
OTPAIReTS. 

«Pexaria, daxocodckia mipocosepnania, HpaBCTBOHWHA H COmiasb- 
HHA yaeHia, HayIHHA TeOpin OBA Sa Apyro# ABAANTCA Ha HCTOPH- 
YeCKOM TOPH80HTS, ITOOH KATL steMePHOW AKHSHbW MAHYTH, YTOOH 
BIH cMBAXHCh HANS TSM, H8B-38 YeLO CTpakaAH H OOPOXHCh Xt 
OTIH, YTOOH NOTOMEH S8a0HAH AA CMHICIL CAOBb, KOTMa-TO HMBB- 
IHX HCTOpHyeckoe BHaeHie. Bcskoe coxepxanie, TeoperHueckoe 
IpakTHYeCKOe, OCTh UPAaX SeMAH, HABSAHHNH CerOMHAIHUMS BSTPOMS 
Bb rpoMagwHyW Topy HW saBTpa paschaHHN Apyrumsb BbrpOMB Ges 
cxbya. Iosromy HH OXHO yyeHie, HH OHO IpaRTHyeckoe cTpemzenie 
Be uMbeTs Oyzymaro». Kaxkt 6yATO xyyomecTBeHOOe MpoHsBeseHie — 
axe Bb CBOeH AKO OM HCKAIOUNTCIBNO «<OpMaIbHOH» cTopom’ — He 





BYAYMIEE HCKYCCTBO. 123 


i 
NOHO e8TOTO «TeOpeTHYeCKAaTO» cOxepHAHIA, Kak OyxTO neksaxs He 
@CTS <CHCT@Ma>, KAKS OYTO AHpHYeCKOe CTAXOTROpeHie He eCTL 
«yienie>. HM orroro cwbmont camoypbpenunt Amyasio, xorza Aywaers, 
4YTO NOXXOXHTS KB XH3HA HK DPHPOMS, kan tabula rasa, # cb KaKol, 
TO HeOwBaxof TBOpYeCcKOH accHBHOCThW BOCUPHHHMAaeTS A KOMOHHEH- 
pyerh es BievaTrbaia. Hakag uazswsia!l XyJORHHKE MOKCTS OHITS 
GesHizeHHEIM'S Bb OYHS BHCOKOMB CMHICHB CHOBa, HO sta Oesnaeli- 
HOCTh CCTh He TESHCh, & CHHT@SHCE, HE DycToe OTS HBxeR MBCTO, a 
pesyabTaTS BHCOKArO AyMeBHArO pasBuTia, AawiMlaro npospbHie Tas, 
rb OescHabhHa AOTHYeCKAR MHICAb. Aro xe CyeTE UpeMeTOMD BOMMXO- 
menia fxd cBoGosHarO HcKyccTRa [myxio, ROrga BCIESHYTh—COTsacHO 
efrO KOMHMUCCKOMY IpeAcKasaHiN—BCB npouig uposBrenia AyxoBHOf 
RHSHH TeloBbEa? OcTaHeTcA OHO HCKYCCTBO—H OyxeTS Bs06paKaT 
TOADKO PuSAIECKYW UpApoAy w ce6a: TpeTbATO HAYerO He 6yrerTs. Kt 
SAMKHYTOMY EPYTy @HSHICCKOH UPAPOAW H BeAYTS ero Teopin H Mpo- 
powectsa Axyxio. 

Camy CHAY .HCKYCCTBA OH MpeyBOAHIHBAeCTD Ch ABTCKHMS 
ocabuzexiews. Ont yabpsers Gyyto «peasbanit Xpucrocs MOTS ONT 
HEH He OHITD; BCC PaBHO: OHS ARHBCTS, KAR OORECTBOHHHH THIS Bb 
BooGpamenin BBpPyHmaro, KAKb THIS NCHXOUaTa Bb MHCAB yu eHATO, 
EH UU Mooprecmeo ucKYCCmea DANO BMY OMY HCUSHS», H OHS Top- 
XHTCA ThMb, ITO <ONHO HCEYCCTBO, BCECHAbHOC BCeErza H BESS, MOFZO 
HSOOpasaTh OAHY H TY Ke AWMGHOCTS GoroMb AA aHnaruka Hw NoMBb- 
MAHHHME JH yIeHArO PeatHCTa». 

OHO 4H ACKyccTBO AbaaeTS oTO? He AOCTYNHH AH STH METAMOD- 
OSH TAKE «<HCKYCCTBY» NMiaxeKTHKA, KOTOPOe No CyMecTBY He CABDI- 
KOM MHOTO HMBETE OOMATO Ch XYIORCCTBCHHHIML TBOPYCCTBOMD, Ch 
oOpasHHws MumxeHiews? HW 8b caAyaaaxt, YkASAHHHXs Jmyzio, 
He 1a4ai0 AH HCKYCCTBO Ha& YTOTOBYH, CAHINKOMS YOTOBYO ouBy? 
Ecan Xpuctocs 6x5 Oorowb Aad BBPYWMarO A CMCPTHHMS Ia 
yxeHaro peaxHCcTa, TO He OMAH JH RHBH H CHABHRI OTH MpencraBse- 
Wig H TOra, Korma oO TBOpYecTBS Jmyxio He Owx0 phan? Xynome- 
CTBEHHOG TBOPYCCTBO BHECAO Bb HEX HABITO, HO CHXA ETO HE BCe- 
OOLeMADIA H He TepBH4Ha. 

Vickyccrso, ROHCIHO, «MOReTh 10 cBoeH BOXB BONIOTHTS BBS 04e- 
BHAHOCTh KAakyW YIOJHO We, KAKOe YFOKHO HPABCTBCHHOC HAH LOAE- 
THweckoe cTpemieHie». Ho cxbsyeTb IH Sb STOLO, KARS YBSPAID HE 
past Amyxio, WTO HCKYCCTBO eCTb <«TOCHOAHHS Gopmmuxca maprift»? 
He pa6s au? Ho Jaysio cs onepriett ray6ox0 HesbmectseHHaro 4e- 
ZOBBRA CTapaeTCH YBBPATh MOAHTHEA, PeABTiOsHAarO “exOBbERA, y4e- 
waro, Gopia 8a cBOOOAY, ITO HyeH, HMM BHpabaTHBaeMbA, HHYTO, 3 
Bee BAO Bb ACKYCHOMS BONAOMEHIA STUXD He. OHH CHOPATS HFb- 
2a ITYCTSKOBE, Hsb-8a GescolepRarTeAbHHX> cTpeMAeHift —-H He SHANTH, 
"TO HAXb HUMH «<JaxeKO H BHCOKO, CTOHTS O61acTb, Fry'b BC STO IPE- 
MNPCHO, DOTOMY YTO BCE HSB HOA AHDIE WepHAeTh CBOW CHAY: STO— 
o6iacT® ecTeTayeckoH opMH, OOxacTh XyJ@KeCTBeHHArO WaTeTasMa, 





134 a TOPH@®BADGA 


o61acT. NekyoeTBa. Peanrif H RAYRA—NYCTHA CAOBA BEB coorshy- 
CTBeHHATO MaTeTwyeckaro HacTpoeHis. VickyccTB0 ORNBATS CBORMS 
IHXaHieMb peIHTi03HHe THIN, H 3&8 HAMH BAYT HaporH Ha noOb AN 
uw Ha ra6exp. UAckyccrso OTXIHHYAO OTb 9STHXb THIOBS, H pernria 
oOpaTasach BB GescMHCACHHHA WbTcKia NOOaceHkH. HayqHaa ucTana 
OTKPHITa, HO OescHAbHa, NOKa YICHHH He Hamerb Tok opMu, Bb ko- 
Topo HcTHHAa cTaHeTh yObruTerbHa Jian oOOmecTBa, Oka O6mMeCTBO 
He BHpaboTaxo BB ce6b TOTO HacTpoeHis, Bb KOTOPOMD OHO cNocobHO 
BOCHIPHHSTS H YCBOHTS HayyHoe yObaRenie». Korb kakb JadeKko BATS 
Iiputasania HckyccTBa: Jake BHpaboTKy oOmeCcTBeHHaTO HacTpoenia, 
BB ROTOPOM YcBaHBaeTcA HayaHoe yObazenie, oHO 6e35 OBONOBL 
Bcerrbx10 UpamucnBaeTa ce6b. Lo6baonocnywm Oopn6y cb peauriel 
TOM, KAMETCH, BeIa HE CTOIBEO XYAORECTBCHHAA, CKOILKO palionatb- 
Has, XOrHYeCKad MHICAb. Ha sapoesania nocabane Jimyaio coxnep- 
MeHHO Halpachu Hadaraerb pyky. «HayaHas HCTHHA OTEPEITAa, HO 
GeapesyabTaTHa, 10Ka yaeHH He Hallerb TOH (opMH, Bb KkOTOpoli 
HCTHHA CTaneTh yORIHTeALHA AIA OOmecTBa». Ja pa3zBb ona 6e35 
STOrO MepecTaeTh OnITh ucTHHOH? Passb Bb UpieMAeMOCTH HCTHAH 
IS COBPCMOHHHKOBDS KROPCHHTCA OKOHYATCALHHIA RpHTepilt ex HECOMAH- 
HOcTH? Yb ecln BHOHPATS usb KpainocTeH#, TO He HAOOOpOTS 3H? 
Bort Taauzeft ne Hamexb yObruTeIbHO 13a COBpeMeHHHKOBE xXyJ0- 
MECTBCHAOH OPME,—a BBIb 3eMIA BCO-TARH ABUReTCH. HM Hayinaa 
HCTHHAa, HafizenHas T'agyuieemb, efba-tH OyleTh s3a6HTa, e1Ba-3n 
OyxeTh WepeATa KakuMD OW TO HA OnLAO MpekpacHHMS MpousBere- 
Hiewb HCKYCCTBa. O «Takb HaSHBaeMHXb» HPABCTBCHHHXS, comiartb- 
HEX H NOSHTHICCKHXD UCTHHAXD Jyaio A YTOBOPATh He XOUCTS: 
«Quah cTaHOBATCA HCTHHAMA, CTAHOBATCA JBNKYMMMA HCTOPAIECRHME 
CHAAMH, KOTM2 TAaJAHTABBHH OpaTopb AAW MYOARMACTS BONAOTUTS UXS 
Bb EPACHOPHInBOE CIOBO, Bb ‘BAKYIO CTATbHO; KOT XYOMAUES-10aTs, 
CKYIBUTOPS HAH RUBOUACENS CO3lAcTh H3b HUXD OescMeprunt THITs, 
KOTA@ XYAOMHAKB-HCTOPHRDS OCTABHTh XD UpexcTapuTereh, kak 
GescMepTHHA WSILHHA AHIHOCTH, Ha WOKIOHeHie NnoTOMcTBa. [loka He 
COBEpMBACH Hayb HeAMH OTOTE Bponecch xyfomecTBeHHArO Mpecbpa- 
xenia, 0 TBXS NOpb on’ BOBCe He ACTOPHAeCKIA CHIN, a NycTau 
GOITOBHA, NOCMBIIHMC IA TOANH, MpeAMeTS Mopyrania JIA PYKOBO- 
yuTexeH MEHICAR». OTH yTBepmAeHia BL HSBBCTHOH YacTH MpocTo y- 
CTAEH, HO Bb M3BBCTHOME CMHICA'’S OHH, NOxaly#, a BbpHH. On” sHa- 
GaTb, WTO MHCAB HE CyMecTByeTh, Moka He BOUAOMECHA Bb COBO, 
BNOIHS e@ BHpPamawmee. Ho kagoe 9TO OTHOMeHIC HMBeETA KB XyQO- 
ReCCTBCHHOMY TBOPyecTBYy? PasBhb Halla pbYb eCTh HCKAWYATCIbHOe 
coszanie uckyccTBa? Pass He paBHOCHIbHH Bb Hel D1eMeCHTH N093in 
H nposn? Paspb tarzanTanBbimifi nyO1M0HCTS He MOKETE OHITbh BO- 
NAOMeHiem’s Xo’0AHOH A NOObAOHOCHOM AOTUEM 6e3b ThHA XyAOMmecTBeH— 
Haro TBOpaecTBa? PasBb HBTS peaslbHbiMuXd HCTOPAYCCKHXS CHI, CMe 
HO HamlegMAxh «xyjOmecTBeHHarO UpecdpamenHia»—H HeyRTO conmia- 
AH8MH, CCT He «NycTad GOITOBHA» TOIbEO NOTOMY, ITOOHD HaMleIb «xy— 


I 


RYAYMIEFE ACKYCCTKO. 125 


yomecTBeHHOe mpeo6paxenie»? Pasnb ngen I]. J. .lasposa ne wpen- 
CTABSAWTE CO6OW «IBARYMUXb HCTOPHIECKHXS CHIH», XOTH OND He 
Hamlerb elle XYAOAHKA-ACTOpHKA, KOTOpHIt ocTaBHIb GOH ero 
«KAEB OO3CMEPTHYN WbASHYHO AAMHOCTH HA IOEAOHeHI€ NOTOMCTBa»? 

M Bb us06pamenin OyAyumaro, KoTOpoe TaxanTAuBLit XyIORANED 
H OTpaHHweHHb MuCAATeAb Jmyrio upexperaeTb HayRb, oOmlecTRen- 
HOH AbaATeABHOCTH, peABTid, —HBTS HHFerO, Kpomh Helopasym bail. 
«pofayTs Bbka,—npopoyecteyeT oHb—ysaryTca cTpacTa. BuMpyTh 
TocabAOBaTeAH BCBXDb BaMHXt yuenit, Gopun BcbxXb BamMuxy Napriff. 
Sbbag, 6YAOTE WepeAMCTNBaTb 4nTAaTeAb Gyzymaro noKorbuia ycra- 
pbayw nponosbazb WaKeusuropa, BEoxmywca pbib Babeda wa pa- 
604eMS MHTHHTS; sbBag, BCNOMHATE 3aKOHH, OTEPHTHE I podeccopoms 
H JaBHO HOTAOMeHHHe ApyraMa, Ooxbe OOMHMH BAKOHAMH, HAM M01n- 
Tuyeckia kOMOaHanid Bapona, @anancoBHa xaTpocnaetenHia Kaprex- 
HBKa, TABS KAR BCe STO OyleTh WHTCKOW 8a0aBOW WIA ANMJe Oyzy- 
MHXb DOKOAbHIA». Jame dusnyeckan cmepTs <mocabloBaterzeH yeni» 
EKARCTCA XYAOMHHKY KOHDOMS yueuifi: kakb OyaTO He BHIMHPANTh Npeg- 
CTABHTCHH XYJOMCCTBCHHH XD MEKOMb, KAKb GYATO He YMepAH KiaccH- 
H3Mb, POMAHTHSM', CCHTHMCHTAIHSYD. «3bBad», OyAYTh WHTATb «BH- 
yoxulywces pbap Ba6eda wa Mutruarb». Bosmomno. Ho MAOrce JH BBD 
XYAOAECTBCHHHXD Upouspexenift coBpeMeHHOCTH COXPaHHTb HATepPech 
yaa notomMcTsa? He sbhpaeyb IM VW MBI Wadd AIwHHOTAMA «Vogiagn», 
He JawTh xa «Bepreph» uw «Joab Ayanb» NOMAMAHOe Hacramsenis 
AHINb HEMHOTUMS H3OPaHHHKAMS, He Nepemiers sn BasbTeps-CKorrs, 
BOCTOPraBNA BSPpOCALIXh, Bb pykH mbreli? 


Wer wird nicht einen Klopstok loben? 
Doch wird ihn jemand lesen? Nein. 


Haywswe 3ak0OHH—0 CIpapeqIMBoMy yRa3sanin Jmysio—6yxyrs 
norxomen 6oxbe oOmuma: pasywbetca. Ho passb sto ossayaerh AXS 
céMepTb? BBAb Bb STOM HXD TOPRECTBO, HX RH3Hb, UX BBIBOCTS. 
BBAb HAayYTHHe 3aKOHH He MHOOAOTHYeckit PaHTOMb, He HMMAHCHTHELA 
CYMIHOCTH: 98TO—NOA06HO ucKyccTBy—oO6oOmleHHOe Hs06pamenie aB.e- 
Hifi, H 10 Thxh DOph, oka KuBa OyzeTh HencTpe6aMand Ye1OBbieckan 
WOTpe6HOcTh NOsHaHis, KaKLa UpwyiuAocta, Causalitaétsbedirfniss, ona 
HeoOxoNHMO GyfeTh HAXOJHTh yTONeHie€ Bb HAYIAHXb DOcTpoeniaxs 
H XYAOREcTBEHAHXS Obpasaxb. HM noromy ToAbKO HeAbNO, kOrMa Amy- 
xiO TY HIH BHYW cyAbOY OTABILHHIXS Uponspeyjem iesoBbyeckok 
MHCHH CBA8HBaeCTS Cb CyAbOoH MbINXD Upiemosh osHania wu Xba- 
TeabHocTs. [lycrp ctapaa pbs BaGbeda Ha MuTaarb cranerb ckyqHolt 
aia waTarexzef Oy1zymaro. Ho passb orroro Boob6me npekpatatca pan? 
PasBb yracHerb Muicab? Passb yrachHeTb Ru3Hb,—AIA TOPO, TOOK 
COXPAHATLCA TOILEO BB APATOUBHALIXS «LycTHXE POpMaXxb» XysoRe- 
CTBEHHHXS Wponsnefenifi mpomaaro? 

Kak} HH HOXBUD OTOTh BLIBON', Bb OTY CTBHY Ylepca MOCIBAOBATeIb- 
HHA XYAORHHES.—<«bHylymee UpAHalIeRHTb TOMY, 1TO GescmMepTHO, 4 





136 A TOPH@EXSX SB. 


GesemepTHa XHMb HeYMEDAWMag Mpekpachas qgopma>. Orroro, 10 
yObmyouin Nxyxio, yMpyTb ero «HJeHHHA» RAPTHAL BMBCTS Ch AICAWE, 
BL HEX} BONAOMCHHWMBH—OYECBHAHO, CAHMIKOME C1268 B's HUXS «IIpe- 
Kpacoas dopma». HW moromy Bhie BCbXS CBOHXE EKapTHH', KOTOPLIMH 
BOCXHI[AaAHCh BH KOTOPHA PYTaAH, HSB-8a KOTOPHXS MACAW TOME 110- 
AOMMUCCEHXE HscrbsoBaHitt, Jayxio craBATb HeOOALHIYH KapTHHRy, 
KOTOPYH HHEOMY He UpoOfkaxb, KOTOPAad BHUCHTS BB CFO ClaxbHB HAXb 
KPOBAThD, H, CMOTPA Ha KOTOPYW, OHS co6mpactca yuepeTb. Ch Hea 
OHS H€ CHHMANb H HC AaBarb CHHMATS KOMIM, NOTOMY ITO STO CIHTAIS 
npodananieli; oa «<MOraa eMy ylacTBca pasb # He Gorbe, H HHKOMY 
BD Mipb He yracTca». OHS H HE NOKAsHBaX, OTOH KapTHHEA HHEOMY, 
Epomh ThXS XYORHHEOBS, KOTOPHXS CTABHTS BCOTO BHC, H Th, KOTO- 
PHO BHABIH, ROXMHN OAH COBHATLCA, ITO 9TO—BepXd XYAOMOECTBCHHATO 
coBepmiencTsa. «ATO Re Bb eTOH KAapTHHEB? Xa wuyero. OTHAD crameh 
KOHDIHHH, TXB HSb-NON MeAKOBATO ObAIa BHAHA YACTb CUHHH, 
SARHHYTAS 34 Me Pyka, Aa Obrokypwi szoKkons... HW tomo. Ho 20 
sa dopm. Uro sa oTybrka. SyBcbh GescmepTie. OTO COBepICHCTBO 
COpMH A YAOBHIE OfHAMAN H TOABEC OMHARAN. IpolAyTsS BEA, Upoti- 
AYTS COTHH DOKONUbHIf, HO OTHMD OyleTh TAKE He BOCKHMATECA Xy- 
ROMOCTBCHHO-PasBATOH YAOBBES, KAR BOCKHMACTCA TeMePb, Kak 
BOCXHIAICH #, KOFAa, NOAORHBE KHCTS, BL MepBYW MHHYTY NOCMOTPBIS 
Ha cBOe NpomsBexenie. Ja, sTO—BBIHO, BBIHO>. 

Koft-uTo BL STOME Upesckasabi NpeyBexwyeHO—efBa-XH BOCXH- 
meHie BOCIPHHAMANWMald 3PHTCAA MOKECTS CPABHATBCA Ch BOCTOPREH- 
HHME CAaMOYAOBACTBOPeHicMS TBOPAMArO XYAORAHEA; efBa-AH MOKHO 
pywaTbca H 8a COTHH NOKOBHIf: oTAaneHHOe OyAymes Bb HelpepHB- 
HOM PasBHTi#, OHTS MORETH, CO3MACTE XYNURCCTBCHHHA MPOPMH TAaKo# 
MOIDIH, TXYOHHH H KPACOTH, ITO Cb BHICOTH HX OHO OYACTS CMOTPBTS 
Ha UpexpacHnf oTHOx Jayrsi0 TOABKO KAaKB HA NOYTeHHHM apxe0s0- 
rHveckif OCTATORB CTapHHH, OYeHb HATepecHH AA HCTOPHUeCKOH 
MHICIH, DO0A9aCh TPOTaTeCAbHHH BY CBOHXS yCHuiaxt, HO He Zanmit 
yYXO RHBOTO XYAOMCCTBCHHALO YAOBACTBOPOHiA: Kakb MH CMOTPHMD, 
HalpHMBpS, Ha TY MexaXb, KOTOpas y Teodusa Totne «packpnBaeTh 
rocyxapa», Ha XpPHCTiaHCKee HCKYCCTBO NeEPBHIXh BBEOBL Hallelt opH, 
H& XYAOMCCTBCHHHA NOUHTEH THKapeft H TAKS Jaxbe. Ho yei1a8 HCTHHH 
eCTh BB TopxoctH [myxio: ero oTOXb, BL CaMOM AbYb, MORETS OLTS 
Coxbe XOATOBBieHS, ThME MHOTIA HSE cOszanift coBpemeHHOH MEICIH. 
Ilpouspegenie HCKYCCTBAa HMBeTE CHOCOOHOCTA AOITO OGHOBASTHCA HO- 
BHM COACPRAHieMD H BL OTOMB CMHICIB OHO MOMCTE AHATH AOATO. 
O6o6meHie 10 cymecTBy H HHAHBHAyaAbHHK o6pash 10 BHAHMOCTH, 
OHO AOMTO RHBOTH HE TOAKO BS TOMS BAIAHIH, ROTOPOe OHO OkASANO 
Ha MSH H TBOPYECTBO, HO H BB TOH SaMEHYTOH ‘opmb, Bb KOTOpos 
Hallsa BHpPaKeHie UepBOHAIAIbHad MEICAb cosfaTerzs. Hayiaaa dop- 
Myia Dorsomaetes dopmMyzama Ooxbe OOMHME; IponsBexenie ucKyc- 
CTBA HE MOKMCTS ONT AO KOHMA NOTZOMeHO HOBHIMH XYNORCCTBCHHHMH 
o6o6meHiama, MOTOMY 4TO OHO He TOABKO THIMYHO, HO H HHAEBHAY- 


Ae 


¢ 


SYTVIURE HCKYCCTBS. 1297 


QXbHO, H@ TOALEO A6CTPARTHO, HO H KOHEPOTHO, HO TOABKO OOnIe, HO 
XapARTepHO cAywaHHHMA Yepramu. OHO cHOCOOHO Bb CBOHXS SAKOH- 
YCHHHXE KHBHXE OOpasaxh saMHEaTh BH OOOOMAaTS TO coxepmanie, 
KoTOparo He HMBIS Bb BHAY CFO COBJATCAL H KOTOPOG UpPeXbABATS 
emy Oyxynu spHTeab, WHTATeAb, CAyMaTexb. Bb upexbxaxt Bpemexa— 
460, BOUpekH MEIcaud Jeyxi0, cTapBOTh H YMHPAWTS XYAOMCCTBCHENA 
cossaHig—oHo cuoco6HO ONT BbIHO ACciepoNBawme dopmoh Aas 
HeHCyeplaemaro CcOsepmaHia, KOTOPOe HIeTS 9TOH opMH. 

Otcwgza, pasymbeTca, UpouactTh AO TBXb BOSTAacOBh O <IpeKpac- 
Hoh> dopm'b, KoTOopym Jxyszio UpoTHBONONaraeT, cosepxaHin xXyj0- 
ROCTBCHHATO UpOHsBeseHiad BH Bb KOTOPOH BHAHTS CJHHCTBOHANE 3a- 
AOrb ero BBEOBBInArO OHTIA. OTO ONHH H TB &e cxoBa, HO Aiame- 
TP8lbHO UpPOTHBONOAORHNH CcMHICIb. BS XYNORCCTBCHHOMS IPOHBBC- 
ACHIH HBTS HH MOPMH, HH cOxepmanias, HOO BB TOMB, YTO HasH- 
BaWTh POpMo, HBTS HHYEFrO, ITO OH He OHAO coxepmaniems. Toxo- 
PHTb, ITO BS HCKYCCTBB BARHO HE wmo, a xaxe. Ho eTO TOABKO peak- 
Ii H& FOCHOACTBO UposawyeCcKHXh 9AeMEHTOBS Bb 109318; Bb RCKYCCTBS 
@CTL TOABKO xaxv, H TO KaKd ECTH ETO ¥mo. 


Nichts ist innen, nichts ist aussen, 
Denn was draussen, ist auch drinnen. 


CRETE KAKCTCH NOBEPXHOCTHOH MHICAH TOIBKO cOxepRaniows. 
Ho ETO 8HAeTh, KAKG OUPENBASeETCA MBICA 108T& TOCHOACTBYOMEMS 
CWEeTOMS, TOTL DOHHMACTh, ITO BS STOMS CWRETH LOST HAXOXATD 
XH QOPMY Aid BHpaxkeHia HwSBBCTHArO AyMeBHAarO coxepmakia. He 
coxepmaHie pasckasa «4bwb INXH MBH» COCTABAACTL CTapad Je- 
Teoxa 065 abTerb, CUYCTHBICMCH Ha SCMIN,& Ha0GopoTs, BB NYCTyD 
@opMy STOTO CHwxeTAa BeAHKi# XYAORHHED BAOHHAB HOBOe coxepmanic. 
i Takb Kakb 8TO NOHATIA COOTHOCHTCALANS, TO SAKOHYCHHOG IPORS- 
Besenie ToAcToro ecTb BREOBSInaR HopMa, KOTOpad OyxeTb ATS A0 
TBXE Oph, Noka cnoco6ua Oyxerb BOupaTb HOBOe COxepmanie, cn0- 
co6Ha OTBbIAaTS Ha OOHOBACHHHC—Bb CYMHBOCTH, BBEOBSIHWE—BOUPOCH. 
CxasaTb, ITO BBYHa TOLEO Dpexpacnad dopma # He PACKPHTB 
CMBICAa OTOH THPAaAH—3HAIBTS HHUeEFO He CkasaTb. KonewHo, mopma 
phaHa. 160 BHO TO, ITO CNOCOOHO RHTh, RET5—8HAIBTS OOHOBAATECA, 
OOHOBZATLCA SHAYHTS MBHATE COXepHanie, MBHATS COfepmanie MOTYTD 
TOABKO MOPMHI. OTO TAaBTOAOFiB—H MEI HHKOTAS HO YeHAeMS, MOWMY 
AJCNTH HCKYCCTBA Cb TakOl HCKADYHTCABHOCTBW OTHOCATS HX TOABKO 
Eb XYJOMCCTBOHHHMD PopMaM’s. ITO He MbuacTS Jxyxio waTeTeyecky 
SAKOHYHTD CBOG NOCMePTHOe IHChMO CIOBAMH: 

«Popma, dopma. [lopbppre, Apysbs, 6pocsTe Bch Ball CTOAKHOBE- 
Hig, cHOpH, Oopb6H; MmHTe O_HOTO—npexpacHol dopmH BB cxoBs, 


Bb BHDpaxewiH, Bb KHSHH. OHa BCe Npeobpamaerh, BCC IPHMAPACTS, 


WapcrTsyeTh Hath BcbMb. Rece upokzeTs, HO ona OnHa HE Tpohzers, 
H OTOMy ef, TombKO ef, ussmHOf, BbInOH, upHBagsexBTL Oyzymee 
Byxynyee He MOKCTE UPHHALIeRATh HNYEMY, ITO He saBoeBaxze cei: 





128 A TOPH@®BEABXS. 


BhuHOH xusHH. Bylymee WpanastemaTE GOescMepTHHIMS COssaHiaMs 
HCKYCCTBa, H HM OLHHM...» 

Ha oT DpuTs3saniga—ocobeHHo Bb Hex'bnok DOCTaHOBKB, BS KOTO- 
pol, BIpOweMS, DOBHHEAS He ond Jmysio, a Bch cobecbaHaKH— 
OpomMeHb BE AaAbHbHAMeEMS MAMOXOJOMS YAH OTBbTS. « by rymee— 
TOBOpaTS Babehb—npunaliexaTh 008.0%, CTAaBAMAM ceOb 4weLx0- 
Bbyeckia Whaw B8auMHAarO pasBHTia, bru TeopeTHyeckol HCTHHN f 
HPaBcTBeHHOH papi, AWLAMb, cuocobaHMS WbHCTBOBaTS BMBCTS, 
coo6ma, qua oOmett mbav, Ara o6maro Oxara, Jia OOmaro pa3sBHrig, 
WIA BONIOMeCHiA Bb RH3Hb H Bb OOMeECTBEHHHA COPMHY BHICIIUXS 
H@IOBBYCCKHXS HICAIOBD>. 

IlepBHa CHOBAa—CaMHA BaRHHA; CyAyMee UPHHALICMATh AW{AMWS 
H Xb mbateabHoctuH. A Jax TOTO, YOOHM XOTb Ch MHHAMAIbHOH 
ACHOCTbIO IpelcTapiaTb ce6b sro Oyxymee, Hao pasOupaTbca BB 
IpOMIOMb H Bb HacToAMemsb. Jaa mpopowecTBa He HYXHO HAYErO: 
OTTOrO H YMeplH MpopoyecTBa; FAA Uporsosa Hymna ucTOpia. HU Jwysio 
NIOXb Bb Mporsosb MOTOMY, YTO NAOXS Bb AcTopin. 

Ero HpOTHBHHEB He BHINe erO—H TO, YTO H8BHHHTCABHO Bb Fe- 
HiaIbHOMb XYJOKHEE, BOCTOPHCHHO MEICIAIOMS O CBOCM HCKYCCTBS, 
COBepMeHHO Oe3CMHICICHHO Bb Ge1OBSES HaysHarO MHWAGHIA, Kb KOTO- 
poMy yMBCTHO NpeybABATS MHA TpedoBanig. 


Il. 


anaTA4HO HaCcTpOeHAHe TOBapHMA Imyrio clyMaia ero nC0cMepr- 
HO@ IIHCbMO «CO ClepKaHHhMb HeTepnbuiemb». Xorbaoch Ob AyMaTb, 
GTO, eCaH KaTouuky-AnkBAsHTOpy OHH OHI CKYIBH DOTOMY, ITO BS 
HHX'b HHYEFO HE TOBOPHAOCh O NpHBeJeHiM NpOsedHTOBS KB eAunOCMAa- 
calomeMy Jormaty, wbabny-KaprexHaky NOTOMY, ITO Bb HAXb He OHO 
business, a Bapowy-rocyfapcTBeHHHEY OTOMY, 4YTO eFro «TBeplad - 
BIaCTb» H€ HyHAAeTCH BL UCKycCTBB,—TO Babes ckyyarb upH stow 
SCTETHYECKOH HCHOBbAH TOAbKO NOTOMY, 4TO BAA'bIb ACHO ea Gesco- 
wepxateabHocTh. Ho onb CMOIGaIb, & UPCACTABHTeIb HAYEH OTBBTAAS 
CTOIb we OescoxepHatTerboLiMa OOnunH MbcTaMH. OAD BHAETS CHM- 
BOI BB KOHGWHBS [xyrio. Ilo ero mMHbHiW, STOTh YXOXb UpeACTaBH- 
Teld HCKYCCTBA €CTb 3HaMeHie TOTO, ITO HCKYCCTBO BHIMAO H8b «kpyra 
CHIb, OOPIOMUXCA BL COBpeMeHHOH ucTopin 8a TOObsy, 8a TOCHOACTBO, 
ga OyxyolHocTb». dazbcbh ecTb, KOHEIHO, Tay6oKoe Hesopasym'bHie—H 
qianorb I. J. Laspopa ne BHBO,BTS usb Hero. Ulogo6HO peaurin u 
HayKB, cOMladH3My H KaNuTaaa3My, HCKYCCTBO—BB AnUb Axyrlio— 
SaBIAeTh UpPHTasaHid Ha TO, TO Oyymee UpaHalAcKHTh eMY, 
OMHOMY CMY HepaszbibHo, u60 HHETO U3 «NOCABAOBATCADHHXB> C00e- 
ChAHHKOBS Jianora AbauTbca He coOapaetca. Ho BB cyolHOcCTH—3a- 
YbMB WSAATLCA TpegcTaBuTerw HcKyccTBa? Tab Ta o61acTh, 43b-82 
KOTOpOH o@ MOrIO OH CNOPHTh Cb HaykOH HAH Ch YocyxapcTBeH- 





BYAYIIRE MCKYCCTBO. 129 


HOCTBD? Ono Oopetca 8a NO6bry, HO sTO 6yxeTS nodbra yesosbyectsa, 
n06bya Harb ThMON, 2 HE Hab HayKOH wan kako# On TO an OnA0 
dopMo# aezopbaeckaro oOmemuTia. ITO pa3sHwa mz0ckOcTa. Kasax0ch 
ON,—eCAH KaTOAHMusMb AbBHCTBATeCIbHO HECOBMBCTHMB Cb TOcHOA- 
CTBOME HacTosmef HaykH, & JeCNO1lld HeEMHOTHXD fake BL MBICIZ 
He MHPUTCH Ch JOMOEPATHYCCKHMS CONIaIH3MOM, TO DOGeMy OH m0- 
CABAOBaTeIBHOMY comialusMy He CkasaTb — a oTO H AbIAWTh ero 
HHABIIBIG MpescraBuTezH—4TO ezo 6yxymee ABATCA Takme OyAyMaMs 
HayRH H HcKyCcTBa? To me MOrb OW crb1aTb H CaMNit mocrbyona- 
TEADHHH 4YeIOBBERB HaykH. OnD MO ON SHATb, ITO HHIWB H HHEOTAS 
HHTepech!l H BEIBOAM HACKYCCTB&a H HAYKH He CT@IKHBAIHCh—H M0 Cy- 
WecTBY HC MOTYTS CTOARHYTSCH. OHH OMOIHAWTS APY Apyra, OHH 
HeEOOXOAHMEI APYTb APYTy—Hu pba oO Sops6b mexy BHMH ECTH NXOND 
TeopeTuieckoH omH6eH HIM HenOObuMaro UpexpascyzKa wan TyNO# 
OrpaHHyeHHOCTH, KOTOpad Ooperca 3a TO, YhMb He Bb CHAaXS OBAA- 
Abrb. «HckyccTBo JaBHO OepecTazoO OHITS CaMOCTOATeABHOW CHION,— 
YOBOPHTS HeNmpHMupaMH OaHaTHKS HayEA, BLIBELCHANH BE Aiasorb:— 
OHO He HMBETS H HE MOMCTH AMBIL CaMOCTOATeAbHOH TeopeTH¥ecKOH 
6yxymHoctH». Ilpodeccopt, HeCOMH'BHHO, Tak RC WAOXS BB ACTOpIA, 
KaKb XYORHHES,—HA OTTOTO OND Takb XO DIOXS BB Ipelcrasanig. 
CopepmleHHO HeENOHATHO, KAKOW TAKOW CaMOCTOATCABHOW CHXOW don0 
HCKYCCTBO Bb HCTOpid H DOYeMy OHO—ecaH YR ObLIO—TAKOBOW Bd 
xaabubimemst He OyxeTb. Burrbcuaro korga-au60 HcKycCTBO pexHTiD 
HAH Hayky? ['2aBeHCTBOBaAO OHO. HAIS FOCYAAapCTBeHHOCTLW? KoxesHo, 
HBYS,—H HHGeTO TakOrO He MOraO OTs. Uckyccrso 6H410 ow 6yxeTS 
CPeACTBOMS NOsHaHia, CHOCO6OMS OUpeXBARTS CBOe OTHOMeHIe KB Mipy 
H SH3HH. Bb sTOM CMEICI'B OHO CCTh CH18, H CHI& CAMOCTOATCABHAA, 
HOCKOIbKY MOKeTh OHITB YTO-AH60 CaMOCTOSTCIBHO Bb STOMD Nips, 
IFBAHEOMD OCHOBAaHHOMS Ha HaIadb BCeNpOHHRAl Maro BIanMONBACTBIA. 
IIpodheccoph roBopxTb 0 KaKOMb-TO <IPHMAPHTCILHOMb SIOMCHTB», 
KOTOpHH upucyTcTBie MoKo#Haro XYAOMHHRA BHOCHAO Bb D1AaMeHENA 
XHCKYCCiH HeIPHMBPEMHIXS NPOTHBHAKOBL,—B CEIOHCHS CBX3HBaTb 
STY YMHPOTBOPAWMyO pPOIb Cb CaMHMB CYDICCTBOMB HCKYCCTBA. 
Aymaetcs, 470 8ibcbh wIpadn poOd’b CeOpbe BHABBUAYaIbBHA IEPTH 
MATEOH HaTypH TaxaHTauBaro Jimyaio, a He KOpeHHHa ocoOeHHOeTA 
TOoH oOzacTH, KOTOpoH on nOcBATHID ce6a. Ecau moosia mHOrga eMar- 
yaeTh CTpactTH 


.. H Ha 6yolypmes Mope 
JibeTb DUPHMBPHTCALHHIA exes, — 


To eTo 6ypu orxbabnott AymH, @ He OOmecTBeHHHXS pasHoraacifi. 
Tpogeccops, OrITh MOKeTS, H UpaBb OSTOMY, KOTMA YOBOPAT, ITO 
DpuMupslmad potb axysio 6waa <Hizwsiel, KOTOpad HaMb He 
BYAHA, efBa-4H He BpesHa». Ho ob HaupacHO BEATS Bb 9TOME 
HBEOeC, HE BE YeIOBBES, & BS CAaMOME HCKYCCTBB NpeOnipawillee, «Ha- 
azo» H HallpacHO eb TakoH roplerHBOH OfpaHHICHHOCTLE SasBlAeTs: 
Ansapp. Orzbm I. 9 





1380 A TOPH@EAGBRAS 


«6yqymee He HYKAACTCA BL HIAWSIAXS, H OTOMY HAMOHHO, MOMETL 
OHTh, Tep#eTh BCHEOG HCTOPHYeCKOe BHayeHie Ta OOxacTS, KOTOpOH 
CAYHHIS HAallh yMepmift ropapams». Ha oro BcaKifi, AyMaBmift o 
powH H CMHICXB UCKYCCTBa, OTBBTHTS, ITO Bb HCKYCCTBB CTOABKO xe 
HIIWsii—H TOTO Re THNa — kak} H BS HayES. I[lepionwyeckaa ca- 
CTCMa SICMCHTOBS Takas Re «HImwsia», kakb A Meducroperss: ero 
- wpb reopix, Ba us06pamenia ABUCTBUTCALHOCTH, ABB paBHOUpaBHHX. 
TOUKH BpBbHia Ha cymlee. 

Bupovems, upoeccoph camb He cuBTaePs ce6a «GesmpucTpacT- 
HHMD Bb STOMD OTHOMECHIA> H NOTOMY MpesMOWTaeTh NPHBECTH OTPH- 
BOKB OXHOH KpUTHYeECKOH CTAaTbH, UHCaHHOM OXHHMS SHATOKOM'S HCEYC- 
cTBa 10 noBOxy cMepTaH Jxyaio. 

TpyAHO NOHATH, BB KakOH OOAACTH HBy4UeHIA HCKYCCTBA UpHsHals 
BSHATOKOMS @BTOPS oTOH NOBepXHOCTHOH A GescoxepmaTexbHOH SaMBTEH. 
Ona BB paBHol cTeleHH He CUHTaeTCd HH CB Teopie—l, HH Cb HCTO- 
pieli, HH cb OOMuNH cOO6paxkeHiamH, HH CB thaxTrama cospemeHHot ' 
ablicrpuTezbHocTH. Bb ne HBTS HH OJHOTO CAOBa, HO BHISHBAWMaro 
BospameHi. «Hayka a pemecio THCHATS HCEYCCTBO Cb OOBHEXS cTO- 
pow». HelowaTHO, YTO XOYETS ABTOPS CkasaTb oTHM’. BHOOAHANTD 
AM H&ayEH W peMecia TB PyHEDIB, KOTOPHA BHNOXHAAO NO CHXS Oph 
HCEYCCTBO? OTHHMAWTS OHH y HCKyccTBa ero WhaTexe wan ero Ly- 
Oauky? Hayero Takoro He BHAHV. UckyccTBO xmuBeTS cBOeH xABHbIO 
M HHYSME CMY HE DIPHXOAUTCA WBAHTECH HH Cb HaykOH, HH CB peme- 
cioMb. Hao6oporTs, KTO 8HaeTh, EARS XYMOMECTBCHHWE SACMCHTH Ipo- 
HHEaNWTE BCe OOAbMe HAYIHYH Uposy, Kakb HAYIBIHCL, HANPHMS)Ps, 
HCaTh HBMeNKIe YICHHC, ASHKG KOTOPHXS elle Bb DOAOBHAB Opo- 
mxzaro BREA CIBTAACA OOpasnoMb cyxo# adcrpagkTHocTHA # NexanTcRot 
TCMHOTH, TOTh He YBHAHTS Bb STOMB BHITBCHEBIA HCKYCCTBa HayKol. 
VM skoMy SH&aKOMD FHraHTckifi pacoBBrb XyAOKeCTBCHHOH UpPOMHIAIAZeH- 
HOCTH, KOTOPad aAPHCTOKPaTHsupyeTh PeMeCICHHARA H ACMOKPATHSH- 
pyeTb cOssaHia erO XYAOMECTBEHHArO peMeCAa, TOTh HE CKARKCTS, ITO 
peMeCIeHHad IPOMBINIOHHOCTh pasBHBaeTCa Ha cIeTb ACKYCCTBa. O 
KOAHYCCTBEHHOM®S TWajeHia HCKYCCTBA He MOReTS OWTD H phan. Ba- 
XBT’ IH cpeyfOTOUie HCKYCCTBA BB CFO OTABILAHXL HsOPAaHHHXb HO- 
CHTCAAXDE HIH Bb THX MACCaX', KOTOPHIMH YCAOBZeHa CaMad BOSMOX- 
HOCTS OCABIHAX',—BCe PABHO, yKe MOCTOSHHOe BOspoCcTaHie—abco- 
MHTHOG H OTHOCHTCABHOC—KOAHYCCTBA XYNORECTBCHHO PasBHTHX' 1- 
nell eCTh 8aA0rb pasBHTiA HCKYCCTBa. To, ITO BE MAIOIIOAHOK A He- 
oOpasoBaHHo Aurain XVI Bbra 6115 Ilexcnups, a Temeps ero HST, 
KOHCYHO, He AOKasaTeabcTBO. Bs TorgammneH AHTsiH cpefa, 48% KOTO- 
pot mors BHiira Ilexcnapt, wcincasiach COTHAMH THCAY, Tellepb 
Bb Hei MHIIIOHH; KHSHb STHXE MHBAXIOHOBS MPOHHEHYTAa TSMB NOHH- 
MaHieMb HH3HH, KOTOpOe BHeCE [lexcoapt—uauHaye, vAb mpomerb On 
6esb crbla—w oTO NOHHMAHie CCTh XHBAS RABHb MCKYCCTBA, KOTOPOH 
He BHITBCHATE HH HayEa, HH peMecta. OHH HHKOr§a He CMOFYTS 
yctpanuTb [excuupa—a Bo BHbapesia [lexcnupa Bb ®H3Hb 3aRAl- 


BYAYINBE HCRYCCTRO. 181 


WaeTCA PARBATIC XyAORecTBeHHArO MipoBOsspbaia A BbPHHH sax0rs 
NOSBNCHIA HOBHIXS XYJOMECCTBCHHHXD OSHHOCTeH. CAHNIKOME BOXAED 
Ha HHX®S CIpoch, yTOOH HXS He 6H120. Ja MH H BHIMMD 9TO: IATO- 
PaTYPHHO BONPOCH saxXBaTHBaNTb Muporie c10H ynTaTeAeH Cb 4pes- 
BHYaHHOR cH1o#; HHETO HAEOTAa He HHTepecoBaACA HayKOH Tart, 
Kakb HHTeCPeCcyWTCA TeATPOMD, BHICTABKH CTAaHOBATCA HeEOOO3pHMHI—H 
TOANH SpHTexef, HX SaN0XHAWIMMEXS, BCe pacTyTb. Hbrs reniess? 
OT0, KOHCTHO, NYCTAEH: COBPCMCHHHEH HHKOTa He BRASTS reniess. 
Aa H He Bb OXHHXS reHifXxb XHBHb HCKYCCTBA. 

«JIoyn Oorbe uw Gorbe yObuyanTca, ITO TIABHAA, ECAH HO eMHH- 
CTBCHHAA HXS WAL JOARHA ONT NOAL8a». TpyAHO MpescTaBATs ce6b 
470-3H6O Oorke aHTH-HCTOPHUeCKO®, ThMb S8TUTA JOBONS «<8HaTOKA 
HCKyccTBa». Jbs0 He Bb TOMS, «yOBRIOHH» HAH He <yObEAeHH» 
IDAH BB TOMS, FTO eCNHHCTBCHHAA ITBXb AXE AOIKHS OHITH MOA‘, 
&® Bb TOMS, GTO BCeTIa H HeCH3MBHHO CHHCTBOHHHIME ABHTAaTeIOMD 
HXD XBATCXBHOCTH 6HNa MOAb8Aa. ITO HAawAO ECTh BS HCTOPIH BeAL- 
qHa locTossHas. MbHaeTCH CHXONOrMYeCKOe H AOTMUeCKOe cosep- 
manic NOHATIA NOAbSH,—HO Bb KAKOMS HallpaBlexin OHO mBuReTCA? 
Heyxro on0 cymupaetca? He xoveTh AH CRA8aTb ABTOPh, ITO ureH- 
HHA OTpeOHOCTH SaHHMAaIH BB O6nxONb nepBOOHTHAarO IeAOBbEA 
Goabwe wibcta, whut Tenepb? He yMaeTh IH OHS, ITO Bb UCTOPIH 
NOHHRACTCA HEOOXONHMOCTE OCMHICIHTS MiPb, NOHATL MBBHb, ONPEAB- - 
ZHTB CBOC MiPOOTHOMeHIe IPH HOMOMA O6pas0Bb xynomAuEA? Ilorb3sa?— 
are ecTb nomb3a? Pass xorga IlymkuHs MpoTHBONOAarasTh «KYMHAP?D 
Bexpsexepcxift» nevHOMy TOPOIKY, OHb MeH'be YTHAHTAPCHS, TBM 10- 
OOPHHES Deworo ropmka? «Te6 6H nombsh BCe»>, — HeTOLyeTs xXy- 
HOMHHES: HO Bbqb oTOH 10%be5 OND HHGeTO, EPOMS wBHOH, BHCHeHt 
HOABSH, HE IPOTHBONOCTABAT. ECAH OHS HANOMHHACTL, ITO «<MpaMOph 
cell BBAb Gorb», TO, KOHCYHO, TOABKO BB rayOokoms yObReHIH, ITO 
6orbh 00 maxoh# mbpb Taks Ke NOeseHS H HEOOXOAEMS AWIAMD, RABD 
neqHof ropmors. MW, xonetHo,—mbuawtca Ooru, MbaAWTCH BetANe 
HHTepecH, HO HHYTO He TOBOPHTS, ITO cOsHaHie HXb HeOOXO,HMOCTH 
BHMEPaeTE BIH ITO HCKYCCTBO SAHHMACTE BS HHXDS MEHbIMNEe MBCTO. 

«TOTHO TAKS KC KARS OCTABAGHH HAPOMAHA DAIACKH, TAKS OCTABATS 
COBPeMCHHOG YHCTOE HCKYCCTBO Bb AABOMHCH B CKYABITYPB, Bb MY- 
SHES H nossin». HaposHHa NASCKH He «ocraBAeHH>. Uxs dopMn MB- 
HSDTCH, HBROTOPHA BHMUPANTS, Apyria pacupocrpasswtcs. Hbuenzifi 
HapoOsHt BAIbC, MOMLCKAM MASypKAa, dpakUysckad KaspwAb crbaa- 
XHCh MORAYHApOAHEMH. Tan OOmectBeHHiIe a OaxeTHHe, 10 pasHo- 
O6pasHHM) IPHIHHaMh, Bb SHAYHTeALHOM cCTefeHH OTepsH CBOW 
CCTECTBOHHYH UperecTh, a BubcTh cb ThMb A OCTETHYCCKYW WBHHOCTS. 
Ho sto o6nraH0e sBzeHie BL RA3HH HCKYCCTBA: OLHB PoOpMH BE Heft 
cwbuabtca Apyrumu. Tepowueckag snoles Tome yMepia,—HO HAEAKOTO 
OOmaro Sak eHiA 0 WaseHin HCKYccTBa Bb OyAyMeME OTCHAA He 
BELEMCIIb. 

Ocrangr 4H «COBpeMeHHOG YHCTO® ACKYCCTBO»? «3HATOKY HCBYC- 

gs 





133 A TOPH@@ERBL D. 


CTBA», @YCBHIHO, ACCHS STOTS TePMHHS. MH OTRasHipaeMCa BEYSTS 
BB Hem kagkoe-2460 OnperbrenHoe coxepxaHie. Hbrs uceyccrea 
"WHCTarO H He YHCTALO: ecTb OMHO uCKyccTBO. Ecam yroqHo, HactToa- 
mee XYAOKECTBEHHOS WpowsBepenie «<4HCTO»; TAKOBHIMB eMY He I0- 
mhiraeTh OHTh HE TOILKO HAeCHHOCTh, HO H TEHJCHMIOSHOCTh, ECAH OHO 
TalaHTsHBoO. [ponsreyzenie HCRYCCTBA CCTh AaHHad, Bb HAABBALYAaIb- 
HOME OG6pass 8akOHIeHHAd CHCTeMa 8HAKOBS, MPH UOCpescTBs KOTO- 
po Xy10#HHED oupesBaseTh cBoh B3rasy> Ha cymee. Ero rhm 
CYTh IWbsH DOSHAHIA—Bb 8TOMB CMEHCIB BCB XYICKECTBEHANA Npo- 
HSBeMeHiA PABHOSHAIHH. KamerTcs, BOpOweM'h, <SHaTOKh HCKYCCTBA>’ 
CKAIOHCHD OUPeNBAATA «<4HCTOE HCKYCCTBO»® H3b DPOTHBODOAORHOCTH © 
UpHesaiHoMy. Ho eto, KOHeYHO, He ABHTaeTB ero Buepexb HA HA 
marb. «HAHHCTBCHHOG UPOsBAeHie HCKYCCTBA — TOBOPATh OHb—Oy- 
WeT YEpailenie KUSHCHHEIXD H HAayIBHxb noTpeOsocrefi». Ito opz- 
rHHaAbHOe BHpaxewie On0 6H cOBepMeHHO HeNOHSTHO—H «<Hay4- 
HHMb NOTPe6HOCTSMS> IpPHMACch OH OCTAaTbCA He YKPAICHHHMH, 
eCCHHOH Bb AasbHbAMeMS SHATORS HE HCUHCXHAS KOHEPCTHBe, Bb 
Yemb, COOCTBEHHO, BHpasHTcs, 00 ero MHBHIN, 8TO «<ykpamenie No- 
TpeOxocte». «<iHBODHCh H CKYABITYpa — NpopoyectByerh OHb— 
OFpaHAWaTcA KpacHBOW OTABIKOW 3faHifi H UpesMeTOBD exelHeBHAaro 
yioTpedézenis. [lossia Gesb cTHxoBb (OHH OyAyTh OTOpOMeHH, Kakb 
rbTckag sa6aBa), M0s3sif MPOABHTCA JAWb HSANHHMH ONBCaHiaNA 
IPHpOAH BB reorpadwyeckuxh cOWHeHIsXh. A CTPOHHHIMS BOCIpOHs- 
Bejesiems xHqHOCTeH BL HBcTOpiH. Mysnka, BBpOATHO, OrpanHUATCA 
KOAHOeAbHOW HBCHLD>. 

He 6yzemb noxpobHo pasOupaTbcaA Bb STHXb, HH H& IMS HE 
OCHOBSHHEIXS Npe_uo1oxenHiaxt. He craneMb cllpallunath, oyeMy, 
HANpAMbpb, OT MYSHEH OCTAHETCH TOIBKO KOANOeIbHAd IWhCHS, a 
He MAPITh HEH WaHCOHETKA, DOYeMY HCYCSHYTS CTHXH H Bb IMB 
HafiAyTb BHpamesie TH CTOPOHH AyMeBHOH xH3HH, KOTOPHA AO CHXh 
HWOpb BHPAKalHCh Bb CTHXaXb, MOTOMY YTO Apyroro cuocoba He UpE- 
KyMaa0 JH HAXB wenoBbieckoe TBopyecTBO. AiO He Bb STOM'S. 
Upesnosomumb, YO BCe UpexckasaHHoe aBTOPOME MmpousokAzeTh cb 
GykBasbHOH TOUHOCTEN; cUBAyeTS AW OTCWAa 4TO-HH6yAB? PoBHO HE- 
yero. BoswoxHO 1H UpeABHYBHHOG HM COCTOAHIG OTORECTBATS Cb 
WOHHHeHIOME SHadeHiA uCKyccTBa? HoneqHo, Whrb, HH BB Maxbi- 
meft crenenu. Iycrh craryH cTosTh Ha sfaHifxh H COCTABAaNTS 
Hepas(BIbHYW YACTh HXb BHYTPH HXb,—pasBb OTb STOLO TBOPIeCTBO 
CKYAbUTOpa DepectakeTb OWT TeOpyecTBOMb? Hro Buybras «Hog» 
Mukexb-AHAXeH0, HepaspHBAO CBasaHHYl Cb apXHTeRTYpoH KanesaH 
Mequau, wan «Jinacxy> Kapno, HeoTmbinMy OTB napHRcKof 
Grande-Opéra, TOTS, KOHCIHO, TOJBEO YAHBHTCA, AIA YerO NPHBOAUTS 
MHHMHA «3HaTORS HCEYCCTB&> AplyMeCHTH, KOTOPHIe COBCBMB He ap- 
ryMeHTH. IlycTb BCH RHBONHCL OOpaTHTcA BB MxapPoub,—passh 
«Tafinaa Beyeps» JleoHapzo He JOImHA OHA CAYHATA YEpalleHiemh 
MOHACTHPCKOH croszonof? Paspb dpeckH He RuBONACL, H pasBh Ip- 


_- oa oe _ 


RN a Re 


BYIVYMRE HERYCCTBO. 188 


MEG NO-HMianannt mepecrars OHTb OO3LMHMS XYAOMHHROMS eTTOTS, 
TO MHCANS Ha crbab? [lycts uckycctso yigzeTs BCe Bb <KPACHBYR 
OTHBAKY IpPeAMeTOBA exeERHeBHATO ynoTpedaenia». Oro Oynerh aHa- 
HTL HE TO, %TO OHO yMepio, a TO, 4TO OHO Ooxbe HeobxOnHMO, 
TBM KOPa-3H60, ITO OHO BHBIPACTCA Bb AUZHb, YTO OHO DOTPe6HO 
148 AyWH: HOO BBAL HO JIA BHTepecoBb Muswyeckaro spbeia MH 
OKXCHBACME Hall KOMHATH OOOSMH A CTapaeMCH, 4ITOOH OHH COOT- 
BBTCTBOBAaAH Hamiemy BEYCy. E.cxaH nossias MposBATCH, Kaxb <cTpoft- 
Hoe BOCHPOHSBeAeHie AWIHOCTeH BS HCTOPIM>, TO STO 6yneTS cBAAB- 
TCABCTBOME TOYO, ITO Hayka He MpHAyMIHAa HCKYCCTBO, a, HAOOOpOTsS, 
coBepmeHnHO He MOmeTL Oesb Hero OGofiruch. HI Hayo MosxaraTs, sTo 
«crpofizoe sBocnponspexedie» AacTh Ham OescMepTHHe mosTH IecKie 
o6pasy, &@ TO, 4TO OCHOBOH HXb cAyxHIH AbHCTBHTCABHHA HCTOPH- 
weckia AHYHOCTH, KOHEYHO,—cOBepmenHO Gespasan4ao; noasia Bcerza 
AXb BOCIPOHSBOJEIa H Bb STOMB OTHOMeHiH «Bolina w MHpB» He 
IMpOBOAHTS PaSHHOW MORAY «HCTOPHYeCKHMD» HyTYSOBHMB A «HE 
HCTOPHYCCRHNDY BOAKOHCKHM'. 

<«CXOB0MB», TAaKOBh OOmiH BHRBOTD H3B STOH cepiH CTOAB xe 
HOOCHOBATCABHHXS, CKOIb He YOBAATCILBAHXD JAHHWX'b--«HCKYCCTBO 
HOTEPACTH BCAKOG CAMOCTOSTEALHOG UpaBO Ha RAZHb». TpyAHO n10- 
HATb, NOWMY Cb TAKHMS YAOBOIBCTBIONS MUTHPyeTS OTH CAOBa Ges- 
cTpacTHHf mpopeccops. Tomko ocyboszesie anaTuka MOrI0 nOMb- 
Wath eMy coodpasHTb, ITO, CCIA KABAbW SOyseTb MPaBATb HCKAWUH- 
TeSbHO TOTS UPHALANS rpy6oH HenocpexcTBeHHO# NoALsH—NpPHADAND 
<N@UHOrO TOpMKa»,—KOTOPOMY CYRAeCHO CBeCTH H&A HBTb ACKYCCTBO, 
TO OHS BAL TAKHMD Ke OOPasoMb cCBeMCTS HA HBTS A HAayRKy. M60 
Ao6avesckifi nan bycrzaesd, Bucmia o6o06mesia rymaHiTapHHxtb—ya 
H eCTCCTBCHHEIXh—HAYKD TARE Re «GealoresHH», Kakb TwOTiesh w 
Typreness. Ho mpodeccop sroro He saMbaaeTh: Ob YORRIeCHD BB 
BBEOBBYIHOCTH WACTOH «HAyRH JH HAYRH», KARb GypTo vTo yObmne- 
Hie COBMBCTHMO CD MHICAbW O rHOexH HCKYCCTBa, Kakb OyATO yes0- 
BBICCTBO MORCTL HW XOVRTS RAT TOIBKO OHO oxAoBEHO cBOerO 
AYXOBHAarO cyMecTBA. 

Yxe BB Tekymei bicTRHTeXBHOCTH «8HATORb HCKYCCTBAa» BH- 
AWTS DPHSHAKH e©o OxH3KOH KROHYHHEI. «CMOTPHTe,—FroBOpaTb OHB— 
kagkb OBA] UPOBSBCACHIA COBPeMeCHHHX XYJOMRHHEOBS H MO9TOB4, 
KaKL H& HAXS TATOTbeTS cosHanie, 4TO OHA—DOCAbABIe NpPeACcTaBa- 
TeAH OTHHBAWMCH ABATCILHOCTH, TO OHH COBCBMB ye He HYRHH. 
Bb Ayaaxb MpousBeseHiaxb HCKYCCTBa Hallero BpeMeHH BCWAY cy- 
MCCTBYeTh COSHAHIC OTHUBAHIAX; NOSTH H XYJOMRAHEA BaXBaTHBAWTS, 
4YTO MOMHO, H3b H3YKH H RHBHH, ITOOH KasaTbCA HYMAWMA IDIbMH 
HO OHH TOTOBH ye Tellepb CABAATbCA ABDh AOKOPATOPaMH pealb- 
HEX OOracTeH G6nITiad, TAM CaMHME IpPHsHaBad HepealbHocT, cBoell 
o6zactH, OOAACTH YBCTATO HCKYCCTBa, OO1aCTH, KOTOpad OkashIBaeTca 
COBChML HEHYXHOW Bb AaabHbAaDEMD. pasBATIH YeIOBb ecrTBa>. 

KougpeTHHxt OpuMbpoOBb <8HaTOR» He UIPHBOAUTS, Aa OWb H 


134 A YrOPH@EAD LR SDS. 


He MOrd OH HX NpABeCTA. Ecxan eMy NPOHSBOACHIA COBPOMCHAHX?D 
XYAOKHHEOBS H MOSTOBH KAKYTCH CTOAb pBMATeXbHO «<O6XBAHHME», 
TO HCKAWYHTCALHYW CYOBERTHBHOCTS OTOTO BO3SPBHIA AOCTATOUHO OT- 
MBTATS, TOON He OCTAaHaBAHBaTBCaA Ha Hell. Bs web «B8HATORS> 
YCMOTPbYb DPH3sHAkH COsHaHia HeHYRHOCTH, TATOTBWOMarO, HalpH- 
mbps, Ha coszaniaxt VW6cena wim Poxena, ckasaTb HeBOSMORHO. 
OTOrO CcOBsHaHig, Kak OOMeh HOPMH—HBTS, a, ECAHON OHO H OHIAO, 
OHO SHAMCHOBAZO Ob ABIIb TeOPeTHYeCKYM ODIHOKY XYAORHHEOBD 
HIH HX Upexoysmee pasowapopanie: BL XyAMeMb cxyyab «6oxbsHD 
BbEa», HO HE poKOBOe pbulenie cyxbOn uckyccrsa. He Hama OHO Ha- 
¥al0Cb, He HaMH H KOHUHTCS. | 

O «peambHOCTH» H «Hepea@AbHOCTH» MCKYCCTBA BH HHHXB 0628- 
cTeit KHSHH Ch «3HaTOKOMb», OYeBHAHO, pasTORapHBaTs He NpHXo- 
autcs. [lowemy XyAORHHES, CTABL «eKOPAaTOPOMS peakbHHX 061a- 
cTeH ONTIS, mnms cantles IIPHBHAeTE HepeaxbHOCTh cBOeH 061a- 
CTH» ,—COBCPIICHHO HEHSBECTHO. OYTO HIpa CHOBb, a& He x0rHecsifi 
BHBON>. XYIOKHBRD, PasyMETCH, MORETS cOBMABATE CTATYW BeAL: 
KarO YeIOBSKa JAA YBBEOBBIEHIA CTO NAMATH H AAA yEpalleHiaA Mx0- 
MaxH H OLHAKO pasHaBaTb BO BCel NOXHOTS CBOW TBOPIECKYW ca- 
MOCTOATEIBHOCTS H «pPeaAbHOCTS cBoeH o61acTH». Ham HBTS HYRAB 
KACATbCH UPOMIaro: OBO MepelosHeHO COOTBSTCTBCHHHMH J@HHEIME. 
Ho BOT OfHO UpexnoxomeHie usb oOxacta Syzymaro. 06% apxuTek- 
TYpb yMOIVANS «3HaTORL>, a MERIY ThME ea Oynymee mpercTa- 
BIA@TCH HAaHMeHbe CUOPHHMS H HaHOorbe uwHTepecHHMsS. To, ITO 
MHSHb PasBHBaeTCA 0 HalpaBrzeHin kb HAanGoAbMeH coniaxusanin, 
TIPCACTABAACTCA, KaKeTCA, HECOMHBHHHMS. Jlaxe pbIIHTeAbHAd 10- 
61a HHARBHAYaAMCTHICCEATO AHAPXH38MA JOAKHA NPHBECTH KB pexe- 
TiosHOMy TOPHecTBY OOMeCTBCHHHXh opm RHSHA—OesnpexbALHO 
CBOOOAHHXS, IPOHHEHYTHXE uxee cyBepeHuTeTa MIHOCTH, HACel 
QAPCTBeHHATO CaMOONperbreHia weAOBSEA, HO BC6 Re KOAACRTHBHELX'S. 
He kb OTBeHHEHIN DOAT0IbA HACTS YAOBBES, & EB MOTYYOMY CO- 
IpyKecTBY H COTPyAHHYeCTBY. Jad BHBMHAXS OPM TOTO COApy- 
HeCTBA AWISMb NWOHAaLOOATCA TpOMaHHA Bsyanid—He «KeIbA D014 
eb», & IBOPUN OOmecTBeHHOH wHBHH, OOMecTBeHHaTO TBOPIeCTBA. 
Uro xe, OyAyTh STO «KaseHHHA Bfanis», KasapMH, MaHemH? He n0- 
Tpedyers 1 O6mecTBeHHoe OfyMeBAeHie BHcMAarO Halpamenia Mopws 
somsectBa? He 6ylyTb 3H BAOKCHN Bb STH MOPMH BHCMia Aen 
HOBWX PopMb oOmexuria? 

JlocTaTouwHO TakHMWb o6pas0M’b TperxcraBuTs ce6b ch MHHHMAIb- 
HOH KOHKEPCTHOCTBD <«JaabHbiimee pasBuTie yexoBbiecTBa», ITOOW 
HCKYCCTBO OKA8aX0Cb He TOADKO He «HeHyRHOH OOkacThO WhHTeAD- 
HOCTH», HO CCTCCTBCHHHIME BHBOAOMD 485 TPAAYMUXS POPM KAHL. 

Aa, Ky1a Ob, HH MA0 YAOBSICCTBO— BBEPXb HAH BHASS, HCKYC- 
CTBO OyfeT eTO HeH3MBHHHMS CIYTHUKOMS. Hexbsa ckasaTb, IpH- 
HalteKHTS JH eMy GyAymee, HO OHO HeCOMHBHHO HpHHa\ORATE 
6yiymemy—z Bb Goabmef creneHH, ThMS IpomszoMy. 


BYAYMenw HCKYECTSe. ' 185 


Il. 


Bs oxnof #85 CBOHXD paHHHXs "paooTs wuoKoiani Tito nepe- 
CMOTPBIb TB AOBOAH, Bb KOTOPHX® Bb CTO BPOMA UNTalach HaliTa ONpaB- 
ganic ayes HeMHHyeMOH ru6eaq ucKyccTBa. I'mito cnopaxb cb aTaMH 
XOBOA@MH—HHOTAa HCKYCHO, HHOTAS HAaHBHO, HO—MHI ye ckasaiad,— 
KOH-4TO DOPBOCTONCHHO BAaRAOG YCKOALSHYAO OTE Hero. 

AJopoxH dasiozornyeckie MuKOWTCA Ha UpesnosaracmOMh yoagnh 
kpacotn 4 yOHAH BHHMAaHia ERB Hell. «MckyccTBO, ITOOH AOCTATHYTS 
HONHALO CBOeFO pasBHTis, TpeGyeTb HSBBCTHALO KYILTA KPACOTH, KAk'b 
Bb C@aMOMb XYAOKHHEB, TAakb H BORPYTb HeT0,—KakD OnLI0, HAalpH- 
wbpt, BE Ipenin». Tito corzamaetca, 4TO KYAbTS STOTS HeEOOXO- 
yuMb. OH corsamlaercd Ch TMB, ITO EpacoTa Thia DasaeTs; HO 
OHB AYM@€Tb, ITO, CCAH H HO BOSPOAHTCH KpacoTa MAacTHUeCKaA, TO 
ee SaMBCTHTL kpacoTa nosTHyeckad. EcaH Bb AaAbHbimeM, pHsHIe- 
ckif moq00ph Aame He NOfjeTb UpaBHsbybe, TO EpacoTa AyXxoBHAro 
BHDAaKeHiA, EPAacOTA HHTCAACKTYAIHSHPOBAHHAA MOMET TOAbKO pas- 
BHTBCS; HCKYCCTBO Bb H8BBCTHOMS CMHICXB <DO0AHMETCA OT YICHOBS 
Thia KB MOSIY, OTB KOHOUHOCTeH KL YWeAy»—H ApXaHyeckad «cTa- 
THEA» KpacoTH epeliyeTh BL eH «<fHHaMUEYy». Takaw 00pa3s0M, 
xaxe [fio He XOWCTS HIM HE MOHETL OTKABATECA OTb BCE NYTAaW- 
Wmaro WOHATIA KpacoTH. OHO MOET VapeTb Bb ANGOBHOM AHnpHES, 
HO BB oCTCTHES AQBHO JOIRHO SAHATH BEChMA MNOAYHHOHHOS NOsOKe- 
Hie. Hayka 06% wckyccTBB AaBHO NOcTpoeHka He Ha NOBATIH Mpexpac- 
Haro. Ja H ITO AbAATH CL HEMEL HAM, AABHO DOHABIIEMB «kpa- 
cOTy» XapakTepHaro H Oeso6pasHaro? BBab pasHHnma Bb wxeard Kpa- 
COTH! ¥YeOBByecKaro Thia He TOMbIMaAa HAaMb OWSHHTD BeAHEOrbI- 
HYD XHBONHCh ANMOHNCBL: 8aTbMb Re HaM’h Hallepeld OTPCKATLCA 
OTS salero Oyjyularo Hyeaza. jag HCKYCCTBa BaxHO HO Ymo MH 
Gynemb CYNTATh KPACHBHMb; JER HELO BAKHO, TOON HeCaIb KpacoTHl 
Guns, BM OH OyzeTb, NOTOMY 4TO He MORETE He ONT. 

AoOBOAN 3b HCTOpin BecbMa pasHOOOpa3sHH. JaHHHNH pAb XD 
OCHOBaHD Ha DajeHiA OTABILHNX, Hanpows. «l[apcrTBo ckyAbUTyPH— 
TOBOpHTL PekaHb—OKOMIHAOCh Bb TOTS ACH, ROTA AWA DepecTaru 
XOAHTbh NOAYHATHMA. JOONes HCIeSHETE cb oN0xo0H azmaHarO repousMa; 
IIpH CyecTBOBaHiH apTHAAepik HeMHCAHMA oones. Hamyoe uckyc- 
CTBO, 88 HCKAWYCHIONS MYSHIKH, CBA3aHO TAaKHMDS O6OpasoMb Cb H3- 
BbcTHOH ooxo# mpomasaro; caMad My3HKa, KOTOPy MOMHO UpHsHatb 
HCKYCCTBOMS ACBATHAAMATaLO BBKA, Bb OAMHD UpekpacHHi JeHb TORE 
cHOeTB cso bcesky Ho OyxeTh UpuKoHiena». Ha Bch orn apry- 
MCHTH MORHO OH CKaSaTb OAHO: Magxenie OHHXh XyYJORCCTBCHHNXD 
POOBE HHGerO He OSHAyaeTS, EPOMB BaMBHH HXE APyraMa: yMepla 
soles, pogusch pomanb. Loo pasOupaeTca Bb JeTaAAXt W KOH- 
EPCTHO UOKAsHBACTS, ITO BOSMOHONS Ole PACUBbTL GKYALUTYPH, ITO 





136 A TOPH@ESABAS. 


,H@ S&KOHYHO elle pasBATie Bb YAORBEB IVBCTBA KPACKH, ITO MY- 
BHEKa Bb Halld JHA Ckophe sBOAWMiOHUpyeTh, ThMb yRALACTE—H TAKS 
narbe. Bce sto 4 6e3b UpAMBpOBS ACHO AAA TOTO, ETO BAAHTS Bb 
HCEYCCTBS He cnoco6s sa6aBlaTbca KpacoToH, a HeobxoquMyw copy 
MHI IeHIS. 

Ho 6yxymlee HeceTB ct co6o# TopmecTBO AeMOKpaTin. Ato 6yxeTh 
Cb HCKYCCTBOMB? Cpexw HCHyraBMHXxca Ha NepBoMb MBCTS, KOHETHO, 
PenaHb: HCRYCCTBO HeIb3A BYIbTaPH3HPOBAaTh; NepecTaBs 6HITb AOCTOS- 
HieME HeEMHOTHX H8OPAHHAKOBS, OHO DepecTakers CyMecTBOBaTD; 6esiHa 
AeCMORpATIN eFO NOTAOTHTS B ye DOrsomaers. Kb comarbHiw, Bb OT- 
BBTS Tioio craHoBATCaA Ha TOUKY spbHis NPOTHBHHEOBS HM Bb TOMS 
OCHOBHaA OWMHOKa ero apryMeHTalin4. Ob YCUOKAABaAeTS HXb: HApOR 
BCeMa HMBIL CBOH «HB3Mie pO» HCKYCCTBA—H UpPH HHXb MOKETS 
OCTATBCa: «CyMecTBoBanie MONYASPHHXb NCKYCCTBB AAA Haposa He 
TOIbKO HE B8AaCIYRHBACTS TOPHWAani€, HO ABAAETCA ak1OMB OTpat- 
HHIMDb, NOTOMY YTO STO HMCHHO OTEPLIBACTh BOSMOMAOCTH SOoxbe BHICO- 
ROMY HCKYCCTBY CTOATb BHI HXb; HapOdy BCerfa MpHXOAMIOCS 
Mpolitn 9TH CTYNeHB, YTOOH MOAHATLCA BEIMe,—9TO CTYUeHH, Bexynis 
Bb xpamMb>. Mexzy 1bMb CHO, 4TO BCe 9TO pascymgeHie CcoBep- 
Me@HHO He HyHHO. Hukakoli ByAHrapH3ania MCKYCCTBa JeMOKpAaTiA Cb 
co6u He HeceTb: npio6malmieca kb O6pasOBaHHOCTH CJOH OTEA3H- 
BaloTCA OTS cTapoH O6xzaropoxHo# cTuxiu nepBoOnTHOH HapomHoH uo- 
98iH, KOTOpPylO Heci# cb co6o#; sto BhpHo w Aens6baHO. Ho mwbuHa- 
OTB JH OHH e€@ Ha GesycaoBHO Xxyazmee? Be rbxb maccaxtb «Bydb- 
rapHoli» mossiH A «BYJbrapHaro> HCKYCCTBa, KOTOPHA CO3aWTca 
CNPOCOM NO1y-cOpasoBakwaro Haposa, BCe AH Tak AYpPHO, Kak 06+ 
9TOM UPHHATO CYAHTb Ha ocTeTHYecKOMDB OsuMub? Ja, KOHeEYHO, 4a- 
CTYMKa CM BHAA OHIAHY, H ONIHHA HaMb UpelcraBisetca 6e3sKoHe1HO 
rayOxe, mupe, Oraropoznbe. Ho He moTOMy JH OTUaCTH, YTO MH Bh 
OHAnHS HAXOUMb SaKOHICHHHH aHpb, ITO MH NOAHN allpiopHaro 
yBaxkeHif Kb CTapHH, tTO Bb ceOB HOCHMS eA KYILTS H OTPHAHie 
HOBar0; &2 WACTYWkKY MHI BUZUMS im Werden, BO Bcef NOMI0CTH MOAH, 
BO BCEMB €H JCPKOMHCAin w cayyafinocTu. MW Bb mbIaHCKOMS po- 
Mauch, KOTOpHH Tellepb OTTaIkuBaeTh Hach OesBeyciems, Ha KOTO- 
pit MEI OT3HBaeMCA TOIBRO KappHRaTypaman BB poxB «Ilapcrof# ko- 
pon» CMepiakopa, OHTA MORETS, OyAyolee OMbHHTS TO, ITO OBB 
BC@-TAKH ObIIb HCKPCHHHM BEIPAMeHieMh KAKOLO-TO AyMeBHarO Coxep- 
ahi, KOTOPOe HalliO Bb HEME ajekBaTHylo opmMy. 

Ho TBOpuecTBO aPHCTOKPaTH4HO; «HCKYCCTBO ABET ABIWb BOAH- 
yieMb reHid»—c<BceMipHad DOcpeacTBeHHOCTS yObeTB ucKyccTBO». UY 
Ha@ 8TH JOBOAH Two orsbrard cooOpameniaMu, KOTOpHA comepHE- 
qaloTb Cb HHMH Bb MOBepxHocTHOCTH. Opranayeckuxb wu Pasioxora- 
YeCKHXB YCAOBi TeHiaIbHOCTH Y XYOMHHEA eMOEpaTia, OWeBHAHO, 
YHHYTOKHTh HE MORKETS: OHA HE YMCHBIIKTS Bb CFO MOSTY ENIH4- 
6TBa HSBHInHE. Haocbopors, AeMOKpaTia acts emMy cBOOOLY, AOCyTs, 
HOKRIOHGHIG INHPOKHXE Maé6Cb, BL aTMocdepb Koropare pacupesraerT. 


BYIVMLRE ACKVOCTBO. 187 


xapenanie: Havere, KpOMB OTHXb posoBHXxs nepenerTast, Tfio He 
NPOTHBOMOCTABIAETH HCTOPHKO-8CTETHICCKOMY eccHMusMy. Meany 
TEM CMY CTOHAO TOABKO YEASaTb— H MHI OyJeMb HMBTD Cryuait Bep- 
HYTbCH KB STOMY HeOOXOAUMOMY cCOOOpameHin — ¥TO NoOcpelcTBeH- 
HOCTh» HE YOHBACTS ACKYCCTBA, 2 CBOHMS KOAICKTHBHHIMD TBOPICCTBOMS 
coszaeTs ero. Bubcro storo [ilo craparesbHO AOKAaSHBaeTS, ITO 1eMO- 
EpaTHyeckii crpoH He BpamxeOeHb renin—«HamMb oTa BpaxTeOHOCTS 
IPOACTABIAeTCH CTOIb KC UWAATOHHYECKOW, Kakb WacTO OnBala IW- 
6OBb APHCTORPATHICCKHXD UpPaBHTeAbCTBS». Ont HarbeTcaA Tak#e, ITO 
<aMCPHE@HH3MB» He YObeTS HCKYCCTBO, YTO NPOMHMACHEHA Hanlin 
HOKARYTS elle ce6a Bb OOzacTH Ayxa. Ibayw ryapy oTHAIa y Hero 
NOJ€MHES Cb TMH, KOTOPHE YEASHBaWTh Ha aHTATOHH3M Mey 88- 


. BOCRAHIAMH TCXHHEH H XYAOReCTBeHHOM RpacoTOH: kOpa6ab KpacHBbe 


HWAapOxXoAa, AOMAAb KPACHBbe AOKOMOTHBA, AYKG RpacuBbe NyMEA A 
T. A. Too crapaetca moKkasaTb, ITO MosTHYeCcKi# OTTBHOKD IpHCyMIb 
TOXHHE'S, ITO SCTETHIECKOS COBCPMCHCTBO BOMH THCHO CBA88HO Cb 
MCXA@HHYCCEBMS, ITO OHO CCT JHIIb BADMHCe BHpaxesie BAYTpeHHelt 
IbrecooOpasHOcTH, ITO THM AYUMe MANHEH, TBMb OB KpacnBbe A 
T. 4. Ey Toxe He HPaBATCA Npamo# peabcoBHit nyTs, HO CexHs-To- 
Tapab BeAHEOXBUCHS, TYHHEAH IpekpacHH — H, H@KOHCNS, «caw 
r. PeckHHB e@fB8-3H SHANE Ob Takb xopouio Benenin, Paws wan 
AxbUH 6€85 9THXS KeXbSAHXS JOPOTS, KOTOPHA OHL UPOKIMHAETD, 
XOTA H HOabByeTCa BMU». Kaks 6yxTO GomecTBeHHHe «kaMHH Beue- 
Hig» OHAH MeHBe MpekpacHH, KOr{a NMAHIPHMH KPacoTH pi bsxarn 
NOSAOHHTECA HME Bb MAAbUOCTB... Pasymbetca, ropasyo yObsuTeas- 
Whe, BARHSO AH Npome—6HAO OH yKasanie, ITO He TEXHHRA COslaeTD 
<ecTeTHUeCKie» NPeAMeTH, & HCKYCCTBO,—COBePMeHHO TAKb KO, KIES 
HCKYCCTBO, & HO XHS8Hb, COBAACTE THNMIAHE OOpashH. Ecaw HCKYCCTBO 
He HaliyeTD MaTepiaza AIA UpekpacHHXs cossabii Bb THraHTCKAX>d 
TyACCaXb MPOMHIMACHHOCTH, OHO HaliqeTE OTOTE MaTepialb Bb Apy- 
TOMS mbcrb: xylOMecTBeHHOe TBOPYeCTBO MHBETS He KpacoToH BHbO- 
Haro Mipa; OHO AaeTb emy OTy KpacoTy. Tito camb OCHA YAatHO 
CEAS&IE BIOCKBACTBIH: «KpacHBHt nelisaxb PHCyeM) MHI CaMH»; 3I'BCb 
onb sabnxb 06% oTo# ucTaHb. Bb wee MORHO BHECTH OFOBOpEE; 
aBxeHiA ABHCTBHTCXDHOM AHSHH He PABHOUSHHL Cb TOUKH SpbHiA TH- 
WHYHOCTH H KpacoTH. Ho Bb o6mems sto BSpHO. Ks Tomy *®e—Halo 
HANOMHHTh CM@ past: HCKYCCTBO He HCYePINBaeTca COBAAaHiOMS Kpa- 
CHBHXE Qopms. Ecau mapososh OyAyTs He KPacHBH, a YpoJABH,— 
H& HHX> OYAYTh PHCOBATh KappHRaTypH: passb oTu He O6yfeTS 
HCEYCCTBO? 

Ch ykasaniemb Ha TO, OyITO Hayka «TBCHUTS» HCKYCCTBO HM NO- 
HOMHOTY ABARCTE CTO HOHYRHHME, CUnTaeTCA H T'pfo—un oO4eHb OCHO- 
BaTexbHO. OHD pasauaaerD Aaa oTOH uban TD BaxHbMia cnoco6HO- 
CTH XYOKHUKA—BOOOpamenie, TROpuecKifi HHCTHHETB H 4YBCTBO—H, 
NOAPOOHO pascMaTPHBacTh, Bb KAKOMD HalpaBscHi HAayKA MORETS 
HOBAIATh H@ OTH OCHOBHHA UPCANOCHERM MHAMBHAYAAbMArO XyA0Ke- 


188 A TrOPEH@EIAD Xb. 


cTBeHRaro TBOpyeeTBa. [losrHseckoe BoOOpamenie He OyxeTh IM yrar- 
MmeHO pasBuTiemb HaywHoH mucuH? He Oyyers Taftqw—a Bb TANH- 
CTBCHHOM® [lI tpaych & Barneps ycmaTpHBadH CYMeECTBO 1093iH; es HeOb- 
xoqamoe ycsoBie Tere Baxbrb Bb cyeBBpin. <Kpacora, OTEPHBINAad 
HAM CBOC AMS, CBOW HCTOPiIW H BCB CBOH TaHHH, OITA MOKCTS, PA- 
BBEH CEpoeTca OTA Hach>. Toto He Gontca sroro. Ilo ero yObuxe- 
Hil, Hayka DepeMBCTHTS A OTOABHHETS Taliny, HO He yCTPaHUTS ed. 
OTa «MeTa@HsHieckad Talia, RacalWMlasch He TOIBKO HeHSBBCTHLIXE 
3QKOHOBD, HO, ONT MORCTS, H NenosNacaemow% CYNTHOCTH peaXbHaro 
ipa» Bbuza, H BMBCTB ch HEM BhHInA NOTPeOHOCTS SHAaHia, BIBS 
nossia. «Bcb TeopeMil ACTPOHOMIH HHKOI¥a He NOBAIAWTS Ha HACh 
TAEHME O6Pas0Ms, ITOOH RapTHHa GOesiperbabHaro He6a HE BHBHBaIA 
BB Hach Kako#-TO cMyTHOR TPeBOrH, cOe_HHeHHOH cb HeHAaCcHTHOH 
IHITAHBOCTBW, COCTABIAWMHXS Woe3si Heba». CamoOnTHni tTsaOpe- 
ckifi HHCTHHETE XyjOmecTBeHHarO TeHif Takxe He MORCTS OHITH 
YCTPaHeHS CAaMHIMDE WHPOKHMS PasBHTIOM TOUHHIXS MCTOJOBD pallio- 
HaIbHaro HayaHaro MiIAeHia. WacTHHkTH, ABHCTBHTCEbHO, SaM'B- 
WawtTcd IpiemaMH MeTOJa H pascyeTa, HO BBAb 9Ta TOYHOCTS Mpie- 
MOBE COBepmeHHO He UPHM'SEHMA KB HCKYCCTBY. Hexabaa palioHalbHo 
KOHCTPYHPOBaTb H'BYTO pekpacHoe; MOHHO NOTH AaxeKO BB ero aHa- 
1n8b, HO OOpaTHHt YTS CHHTe3& HOBOSMOMCHS: MOKHO SHATb, KAKD 
nocrpoeHa Tparejia PacuHa, H He YMBTb HalldcaTb TAaKYH Tparexiw: 
«8HaTb HE @CTb TBOPHTb... NoeTHueckifi HHCTHHETS He MOKETS ONTE 
SaM'BHEHDS pasyMoMb». Kt TOMY He CaMaTO TeaBHAlO Bb XYAORECTBOH- 
HOME DPOHS8BeAeHIH He PAaCKPHBacTh HHRAKOH HayWHHH aHalHsh, KO- 
TOpHt HeH8MBHHO YIHPacCTCH Bb HepastORHMHA BH HOOOLACHHMEIA 
cBoficTBa reHis. Toot MOI OOBACHHTb, KAKUMD OOpasOMb—IIpH Ha- 
AWUHOCTH TeHiaIbHHXh XYAOMHBKOBL — PAAMAHACKAS HAH HTAIbAHCKAaS 
MHBONACh CTAIH TARBMB, K2KHMH OHS OBI; HO 0veMYyY ABHAHCh SXBC, 
a He BB ApyroMb MBCTB OTH XYAORMCCTBOHHNE TeHiH, NOYeMY OHH 
CyMBIH BONJOTHTh CB Tako cu1z0% coxepmanie, cymecTBeHHOe He 
TOIBDKO JId WXb CpesH H BBKa, STOrO He MOTS OW OOBSCHATS H 
Tou. 

M srbcph Two ne BHOAHS OTBBYaeTS HA BOUPOCh—HAH, BBP, 
He IpHyaeTh eMy TOM CXIOMHOCTH, KOTOPyH OHS MOFb OH HMBTE BE 
HHOM nocTraHoBEb. Jlockomky OH YIBepasaeTh BBYHOCTH HEpasz0- 
MHMATO OCTATEAa, KOTOpHH BCE OTTBCHACTCA BAAIb DONS HALOPOMd Ha- 
yaHaro H8CIbloBaHis, HO HHKOFAa He ACYEsAeTE Bb AyOTb, OH, KO- 
HEwHO, UpaBb. Ho OHb MOPS OH HE OFPAHHYATECA KACCTBOHHHME 
aHaIH30MEb—H M0KA8aTb TY CHAY, KOTOPYH HeH8MBHHO COXpaHETb 
Hab AyMo# mpe caMEIXt HeEOOBATHMIXD 3aBO0CBAHISXL HAYKH 98TOTb 
HepasiOMHMb OCTATOEb,—YACHACMHH TONDKO HCKYCCTBOMD. Ey Mo- 
ryTb CkasaTb, §TO O6aacTh TatHE, HBEOrIa BAarbaMeH OTpoMHHMS 
Mipom OnTia, BCE CY#HBACTCH BS MHICEH FOAOBBRA; HACTAHeETE MO- 
MeHTS, KOrga oTa O6AaCTS OyNeTh TAakb Mala, ITO 0 BHAeHIB ex He 
CTOHTE ropoputh. Ha erors AOBOAS Tnito mors 6H OTBBIMTS yRava- 


BYAYINBE HCKYCCTBO. 189 


HieME Ha BOspoctadie TeOpeTHYCCKAXS HETepecoRs. Boupexw ykasaein | 
<8HaTOKa HCKYCCTBa> Bb Aiaxorb II. .I. Jlapposa, pacrers He yseHb- 
R06 COSHaHIe NOALAH, & NOTPeOHOCTS 10sHaTb ONTIO BB CFO OCHOBAX', 
BB FO «<MaTepaXb>,—xX0TA ON HHKAKIC RATelicsio AHTEPECH He OnLEN 
HONOCpeACTBCHHO Cb OTHMDE HOBHAHioM® CBas8aHH. [losHawmad MEICIb, 
Name upotiaag xoctyoanit e# uyTb HayaBaro HsCABOBAWIA A HATOAK- 
HYBIIHCh BE KORUB CFO H8 HOPassOMHMH vestduum, HeHsObRHO OOpa- 
THICH Kb YCHOKOCHIN Bb HCKYCCTBS, KOTOPOG A JAcCTD ero. 

Haxo TOKO ACHO IpeAcTaBaaTh cob, KAR OTBBIACTS ACKYCCTBO 
HG BalpocH, MPeRBABACHHNe emy weAOBByecKoH MEICAbW. OOmaro, 
rpyuuosaro, 41a BCBXD UpHToAgaro pbmenia saragoKnh, eme He pb- 
IHCHHHXS Bb Haykb, OHO, KOHCIHO, He AacTb. KcasOnl TO, WTO MH 
HashBaemb XYAOHNECTBOHHHIM OTBBTOMS HA HAalIH BOHPOCH, MOra0 
OHTh JaHO BL O$AacTH HaydHo NposH, HCKYCCTBO He BIOprsoch O6nI 
Bb ayia Opapa.e Ono AaeTh He opmyazy oOOmaro pbmeHia, BCbXD 
YAOBACTBOPAWMAaO: OHO JacTh HHAHBHAYAABHHE OTBBTH OTABABHOMY 
yuy. Oxo coeOmaers He pesyabTaTb, & UpPOMecch HCKAHiA HCTHAH, 
OHO sapaxaeTED aTMocdepol MHIMAeHiId—H Bb STOMS IBHREHIH 110- 
SHawimjeH MHICIH, & HE Bb 3a€KOHYCHHHXS QMOPMyAaXb Saki UaeTca 
pbmenie Axa Hea BaxHbimux, saragonsb. He rpyqHo BAAbTb, ITO Ha 
STHXb BePMHHAXS WoOsHakia pbskad rpaHb MeKIY HayKOH H HCKYC- 
CTBOM, MOKXIY NOSHAHieMS palioHakbHHMb H OOPasHHMb CTHpaerca. 
Oxbch HAYRa He TARG KATeCTOPHAHA, He TAKS AOTHIHA, HO TAKB pas- 
CYAOUHa; OH MpOsaHyecKiA CXCMHI NEPCXOAATS 8i'bcb Bb HEACHHO 06- 
pashl HayyHaro NpexBHAbHig, ye Oanskie Kb HHAHBHAYaAbHHIMS 00- 
pasamb XYAOReCTBOHHALO NOsHAHIA, CTO OTYOTAMBHIMS Bb pHCyHRS 
XYA@RHHRA H CTOZb KOJCOAWIIMMCA BS TOMB COMePKAaHiA, KOTOpOe 
BHpaBs cooOnlHTS HM} MHCAb BOCIPHHEMAaNIaro. Cb Apyrof cropoaH, 
H& STHXS BOPWHHAXb abcTparapyeTCs MBICIb XYAOMHHKA, eFO CHM- 
BOIH CTAHOBATCA BCb Gesmz0THbe, BCe OABMC Eb adzeropin, BCe OMpe- 
xbaenHbe 8% cpoelt adcrpagTsocTa. Ho sT0 BepMHHH, yaACHHEA OTB 
ZEHSHH; H@ BCHEOMY J@HO JOATO JHUMATh UXb paspbReCHHNMS BOsLy- 
XOMB. 

TpeTb® OMacHOCTb, IpOssIyO HCKYCCTBY CO CTOPOHH pasBHBaW 
Mmeicd Hayke, IpeACTiideTh AHTALOHHSMh MCKAY YMOMD B IYBCTBOMS. 
Hay ws anaaneb naryOenb 238 RHSHH IYBCTBA, & IYBCTBO HEOOKO- 
ABMO Jan nossia. Ha oto [wito orpbyaeTs ykasaniemt Ha SBOINDIW 
GYBCTBS; OHH PAaSBHBAWTCA 00{% BAiMHIEMh HHSHH MBICHH, OHH HH- 
TEZACKTYAIHSEPYWTCa, HO, cTaBb Goxbe PHAOCOPCKAMH, He CTAHOBATCA 
MeHBe NOoTRIHHMH. Pocts sHabiff pacwMpaeTS Mipb, pacilupserTh u 
HHYHOCTL YCAOBSES: STO HE OCAAOARCTL, 3, HAOOOPOTS, YCHAMBACTS 
HAUpsReHHOCTS ero syscTBa. Tio noxpoOHO pascMaTpHwAeTL 9B0- 
AMO OTAbILHHXE VBCIBE H BD OCOOOH raaBh saHAMaeTCA BOUpO- 
COMB, Bb Kako CTeNeHH HAYIHHA Hw PHNOCOPcCRIA BACH MOTTE Cay- 
MRT) UPCAMeTOMS BAOXHOBeMia2 gaa nossin. Ons usOaBax On ceba 
OTL oT0i—sb Deapo6HoeTaXxs, HpPABsAa, OFeHb RHTOPecHOH—pacoTH, 





140 A TOPH@EUSB SE bb. 


ecmmOH TOUNBe ollpesbanrb ceOb poib IYBCTBa Bb XYLORECTBCHHOMD 
TBOPiecTBB—cosxanin BIH BOCHpiaTia—H WhicTBHTeIbHO OHS Ipo- 
HHEHYTS MHICHbW, ITO HCKYCCTBO eCTS NosHanie. CwboInA CaMad MEICAb, 
uTO Kakia ONTO HH OHO HCH He MOFYTS CAYRUTS IPCAMCTOM® BAOX- 
HOBeHIA Aan Nossin. Hbrb we NOSTAYHHXD MpeAMeETOBS, kKakb HBTS 
UpPeAMeTOBD, HE NOLIeRAMAXb HayKB: Bce ASAO BE TOUKB spbuix, Bs 
OTHOHICHIH OCMHICIBBawWmaro Mipb pasymMa. Ecam uocaanie «O nosbst 
CTCKAa>» HE ECTS Nvuesid, TO 9TO He NOTOMY, ITO BS Nossin HST Mb- 
cT& Heb MOAB CTe@KAA, &@ MOTOMY, 4TO BE WOCAAHIN STa Hem N0- 
AyIHIa NeaHTHVeCKH-NposanyecKoe BHpaxeHie. Uro RacaeTcaA Ma3Hu 
YYBCTBB, TO AOCTATOYHO CKasaTb OAHO: KakoBa Ob HH Oba HXD CyAbOa, 
OHa OyAeTh HAXOABTL HeEHSMBHHOS BLpamenie BL HCKYCCTBS, He 3a- 
TparuBaa ero cymHocTu. CyfbOW ACKyCCTBa Kacalach OH AABHb SCTe- 
THUCCKATO YYBCTRA, HO BCTETHYCCKOG YYBCTBO CONMPOBORLAeTS BAKO 
gaBoeBanie MBICHH—paBHO BB OO1acTH HayaHOH # XyOmecTBeHHOH. 
Haciraxjenie MBWZeHiewb eCTb onperbrawmik MOMCHTL, OTS KOTO- 
paro Bb paBHOH cTeleHH 8aBHCHTB ACKYCCTBO H HayKa: Bb TOTS MO- 
MOHTS, KOPXa caMbili Npolecch 10sHanHid—HesaBHCHMO OTS MpakTH4e- 
CkOH MOMe3HOCTH eFO pe3YAbTATOBh—DepecTaneTh OTh HCTOUHAROM'S 
GeskoHeaHoH payocTH Ala IeIOBbKAa—HayKA HCIC3HCTS TAKS KO, EARS 
BCKycCTBO. HO HHYTO He TOBOPATS HAM O BOSMOMAOCTH 9TOFO NOHH- 
HeHIA WIOBbueckOH IAIHOCTH. 

Mu nepecmotTphin, BBpOATHO, rTpoMazwoe HOAbIIAHCTBO TOURS spb- 
His, Cb KOTOPHXB Oysymlee MCKYCCTBA UpeACTAaBISeTCA PalYKHLIMD 
HI MD@YHBIMS, H, RaReCTCS, HMBEML BOSMOMHOCTD YTBEPKIATb, ATO 
WeccHMUCTHUeCKIA Npesckasania, 10 Kpafuelt wbpb, Mazo OOocHOBaHH. 
Ho 4 Bb TSXB AOBOMAXS, KOTOPHMH SCTETHEH HW XYMORHARL CTAPAWTCA 
OrpaxuTh OTb NevaIbHHXb Upesckasanii Gyazymjee AOpororo HMB HC- 
KYCCTBA, MHI HE BCerAa BCTPBYalH AOCTATOUHYW SACHOCTb H 4ACTO 4YB- 
CTBOB@IH, ITO 1A60Ch PUTOPHIECERXS D1EOHASMOBS BHIBBAHD pobocThw 
TeopeTH¥eckOH MHICIM, KOTOpaa cTpacTtHo ysbpenHocThy sasBreHifi 
Kakb OyATO xoueTh yOIATH He TOILKO Apyraxs, HO H ceOs. Kamerca, 
TeOPeTHEH OHH OW TBepKe BE CBOeME yOburenin, ecawOnH sacHbe # 
HempexomHbe Obllu IIH HAXb POAb HCKYCCTBA, KAR NO3sHanis#, B— 
YTO ell6 BAKHbE—TO MBCTO, KOTOPOS 8AHHMACTS XYOMECTBEHHOS NOsHa- 
Hie Bb MLICIH KaRarO YAOBbEA,—u3b TBXS, KOTO MH HE HashIRQeM'S 
HG TOIBK@ «XYJORHHKAMA>, HO Jame «DyO1nkOH». 

Bs OcMepTHOMb OTpHBEB UYexosa «IluchMo» jJoRTOps Tpasyg- 
KOBb—THNHYAHH H fad pPyCccKOH whicTBHTeIbHOCTH, H AAA WXOBCKAarO 
BSTISIa Ha Hee HHTCIIMTCHTb—ABIACTCA BHPAasHTeleMb YTHAATAp- 
HHXE BSTAsJ0OBb Ha uCcKyccTBO. «KpacoTa upiatHa—ropopuTs Tpas- 
HHKOBb—H CAYHHTS TOAbKO AIM YAOBOALCTBIA, MOTOMY-TO Oesb Hes 
TpyYAHO OOxoxuTECa. Kro xe umerh Bd Heft He YAOBOABCTBIA, & IpaBly 
HAH 8HaHid, TOTO OHA DOLKyNaerTs, OOMABHBACTD M COMBACTS Cb TOIKY, 
MOR Mupaxt. Korza a uMbIb HOOCTOPORHOCTS YIHTbCA Y EPACOTH 
MRICINTS, TO OHA Tblala “8b MCHA UbAHATO uM cubUOrO. Takb, GUTaa 


BYAYIIBE HCKYCCTBO. 14) 


«Daycra», a He 3aMbuars, wr0 Maprapata—yOilina cBoero pebeHEa; 
BB Bafiponosckoms «Kanrb» Jad MeHa OAH Oe8KOHOTHO CHMDATHIBH 
uw cam Kaunt, # 4Oprs... Ja marzo sn»? OAHBMD CXOBOMS, y N093iH, 
SeXICTPHCTHEA HB HOCOin «MHOTO UpeTeHsil, HO OH’ He OODSCHHIA 
H HO OCBBTHAM MHS HH OHOTO aRIeHia». 3a oTO TpaBHHEOBS BXb He 
ap6uTb; MBBHie, SyITO 6€3b HHXD HEAbSA OOOHTHCL, OHS CIHTACTS 
npexpascy7komb. «KpacoTa, TalaHTb, BHCOKOe, IpexpacHoe, XyA0me- 
CTBEHHOC—BCO STO OFCHb MHAO, HO YCAOBHO, HE MOMMAeTCA AOTHICCKOMY 
ONnpexbaeHiN H H3B BCeFO STOFO He H3BACTEMS HH OJHOTO Hemper0x- 
Haro 8aK0Ha». . 

Xorbaoch 68 ckasaTb, ITO Cb TpaBHHEKOBLIMS He CTOHTS CHOPATS; 
HO MH BHAbAd—oTO He Takb. Bs «llachwb» OHDB HMbETS IPOTSB- 
HAKa, HO—0g06H0 nosty Teopusw Lorne a xyjomuury Axyaio—ero 
IpOTHBHHES Bb OTPHBES, aBTops «LncbmMa», cocTaBAsiomaro coxep- 
manie pa3cka3a, CHICHB OO1bDIe Dae0coMb, YhMb sz0rHKoH. Horses 
1PHHAKAaTh WOSHABATCABHYW poOtb Macoca: Tae0ch HIpaeTh pOlb Bb 
YACHEHIH HCTHHH, KOMMS MH OOS3a8HH ACKyccTBy. Ho BB TeoperHye- 
CEOMD cHopb BOSMOMHEH H KeAATeALHH ApryMeCHTH MeHbe Hppsnionasb- 
HHO, YBMb saXBaTHBawillid BAYTpeHHeH mpaBsoH penAHEH Tepoa u 
aBropa <IlHcbMa». 

«Ilossig w GOexzeTpHcTaka He OGOBACHHIH HH OJHOTO sABACHis!— 
BOCKIHNAeCTS OH'b.—Jla pasBb MolHiA, KOrZa OIECTUTS, OOBACHAETS 4TO- 
HHOyAB? He ona J0aKHa OOBACHATD HAMS, & MH JOIKHH OOBACHATS 
ee. Xopomia OW MH ObIH, ecaHOH BMBCTO TOTO, YTOOH OObSCHATD 
SACKTPHYCCTBY, CTAIH OH OTPHNATb efO TOABKO Ha TOMB OCHOBAHIA, 
STO OHO HaMb MHOTaroO He OObaCHHeETS. A BBB M093id H BCB Tak 
HaSHBaeMHA HSHIHHA HCKYCCTBAa—doTO Tb Ke TPO3HHA, IV AeCHNA AB- 
XeHifi OPHPOAH, KOTOPHA MEI OMAN HAYIHTECA OOBACHATD, HE J0- 
HHNAACh, KONA OHH CaM CTAHYTh OOBACHATS HAM 4TO-HHOYAb». 

Iipasga sTo, koHeuHO. Ho yaa apropa Jame Kakb OyATO He CyMIe- 
CTBYCTS BOMpPOCa,—Takb JH YR CTHXi#AH ACKyccTBa. Bo BceMb IH 
OHH TO008H MOIHin? [lycTh Bb HHXD eCCTh H CTHXiad,—HO BhAb CTS 
H pasyms. Ona—wponspegenio yexoBbaeckoll MHCIH—H Kakb HH 38a- 
KOHEHS 10 OTHOMeHIM EB NOCIBIHEMY BUNpPOCh «MOVeMy?»—Bb pas- 
HOH CTeNeHH HOSBOAHTeACHDL BOUPOC. «Axa Gero». Uxt NOAMBAHBAaWTS 
OXHHE JPyruMb—H STO HHOTTA OF, y106saK Nosunia, aMbOMAd BCH 
BEAHMOCTL HAYWHOCTH, HCTOPHAHOCTA H rayOuaH. Rabcro Toro, yToOn 
pascyRAaTh O WHASXD YrOAOBHALO HakasaHis, TOBOPAT: <«HbTS, BOUPOCH, 
AIA 4eIO HAKASHBAaTh,—sSTOpoH BOUpOCh: 2TO He BaHO; HusCIbLyeM' 
ayqme, movexy MOA HakasHBawTs». Ho jaa wer0Bbka, KOTOpHA x0- 
GeTh cosHaBaTb ce6a He Arpymko uppanioHaIbHHXb CHIb, a WBA- 
TCABHHME PasyMOMb, BaKHO HE TOABKO «<HO0¥eMy», HO H «ad Gero». 
OH CTABHTb sTOTb BOUPOCh eXeMUHYTHO, H OOMie OTBBTH B3b 061a- 
CTH Kakoro 6H TO HH OAO Patalu3Ma, MHCTHUeCCKarO HI SKOROMH- 
yeckaro, HE YAOBIJCTBOPAWTS ef0, HY HYRHN OMY, IHUICHN coxepxa- 
His. To, uTo MOM WFBATCALHOCTS Ollpesbasetca Hrpo 9KOHOMHIOCRAXS 





142 A TOPH@®RBRIBXD. 


HXH HHEIX) CHS, MORCTS OTS BRPHO HW HO BBPHO, HO BS MOCME Ce- 
TOJHAMHeM’S NOBeLOHIA BTA HCTHHA HIpaeTh TARYN KE POAb, KAR TO, 
"TO BCA COXHCGHAR CHCTEMA ABHKETCA KE KAKOK-TO TOURB BO BCeAOH- 
HoH. [lycrs ackyccrso cruxifigo—astTo He aHMaeTh TpaBHakoBa upaBa 
CYHTATh NOSTOBE GeskbIbHaKAMH: BBAb BOPOBCTBO CTHXi#HO BD Tako 
me Mbp. 

He &elad OMBAMBATh SMOLIOHAILHNEC SJOMOHTH HCKYCCTBA, TpaBHi- 
KOBL YAalvIcd Bb O6lacTh cyxoro palioHaiusMa H BIBCh CUHTAeTS 
ce6a BB GesolacHocTa. YcNOKOHBINMCh HA TOMS, 4TO Bb HCKYCCTBS 
HBTL JOTHYCCRAXD OUperbreHiit, Ob KameTca ceOb KAKHMb-TO MOHO- 
TOIJHCTOMS JOTHEH H pasyMa. Ho HCKYCCTBO MOKeTS IPHHATS Got Ha 
Toh eHHCTBeHHOH nowBb, KOoTOpad upexztoxena Tpapaakopiims. He- 
KYCCTBO JOCTATOWHO MOTYYe, ITOOM BiepaTh OTHEHHOG HCUHITAHIe 
pamionasbHo macau. TpaBaukoBb, waTad «@PaycTa», sabblrb, ITO 
Mapraputa—ybroy6ifina? Pasymberca: ob BHIBIb Bb He TO, ITO 
XOTbIb WOKasaTb emy Tere, HH OOAbMIe, HH MOHBINe. Passb es kpa- 
coTa HIH KpacoTa ef DOeME CKpHa ex opocTynzeHie? Passb xox0s- 
Has JOrHKa He HSBpamlaeTS akTH? W3b kpacoTH «He HSB BH 
OMHOTO HelperoaHaro sakoHa?» A H38B ACTOPIA OHH HSBACVCHH? Usp 
[paBoOBSAbHiA UsBIEVeAH? [yb OcTh OTH HEMPeCAORHNC 8AaKOHN, EPOMS 
apcTBa Halle MHCIH, XOOpOcoBBCTHO ONMCHBaNIek ABICHiA Tak, 
KAaKB OHA AX BHLATS. VL BS STOMD CMHICAB pasBh Ksrenit Onbrans 
meHbe HelpexoxeH, ThMb NepiowwHyeckad CHCTeMa BreMeHTOBS? Kpa- 
cota «cOMBaeTh cb TOAKY?» BosmomHo. Kpacota Bb HcKyccTBB—upE- 
Me€MB STOTD TOPMHH'S, NOACKasaHAWA AoruyecKOMy TpaBHAKOBY BOCTOp- 
HCHHNMH 9CTeTAMH,—kKpAacoTa ecTh ABIO YAOBBIecKaro TBOPIeECTBA, 
RoTOpoe He OHIO OH IeAOBBICCKHMS, CCIHOH OnX0 Ses0mHbouHO. Ho 
BI'BCh @CTh elle Apyroe. Kpacota ects o6obmexie, koTopoe noxgaerca 
PasHHM TOIKOBAHIiSMS, pasHHMh UpuMbueHismd. SAbCh — CKOAbKO 
JTOMHO IpoOHsBOAa H BOSMOMHOCTH sabAyHAeHIH. Ho rxb xe HbTS OTOH 
BOsMOxKHOCTH? Bp naykb? Hbrs. Toako @ acHO BCe TOXbKO Bb TSX 
HH8aXb HAy&H, TXB KPOMOTAHBO NOAOEpAaWTS MaTepialH; Ha BepmH- 
Haxb TOWOH HaykKH—Ta Ke MIaa, AH OTKAHEH CHOPOBL H pasHorsaci#f, 
OHOCHSIMXCH OTTYJa, TOKO CBHIBYCALCTBYHT O TOM, KAKb MOZ- 
H€HHO OTOJBHraeTCaA 8Ta MrAa BBHCb D0Xb HalOpOMb BCe IpOACcHAW- 
me miciH. Pascbetca 1” OH@ KOTsa-HHOyAS OKOHYAaTeIBHO? KoneyHo, 
Hbrs. LloxcosHateabHoe OyxeTb Bcerga UpezTeieH cosHaTexAbHaro Ha 
erO TPYAHOME TBOPYCCKOMD NYTH. 

«WickyccTBa CAyaTb TOAbKO Jd pasBxAeyeHia». CuoKo#Ho Hspe- 
RueTh TpaBHHKOBb STY KOMLYHCTBCHHYND HOXBUIHNY, He NOHHMAA, ITO 
e€W OHS chaxb ye BCB CBOH DOsuin. Zosexo jag pasBreweHia? Oweub 
xopomo. Ho novemy uckyccTBo pasBrekaeTs? [loromy, 1T0 o6o06mae»rs, 
NOTOMY, 4TO CBOAHTS MHOTOOOpasie ABACHI RB EHHOMY OOpasy, 3am- 
KHYTOMY H Oe3koHedHO CcOxepmatTerbHOMy. MWckyccrBo yIHTb SATb— 
BCHROG HCKYCCTBO, BCAKIA CFO POPMN—CAORHNA H IPOCTHA, BOSBLI- 
INGHHNA M «HHSKig». TpaBHHKOBb HAXOJHTb, ITO DOssig H POMABM 








BYTYMeE MCKYCCTSO.4 148 


* 


H@ TOBOPATh A IpAaBNH—«BCe Bb HAXS CYOBCKTHBHO, & MOTOMY Ha 
NOAOBHHY OH—AORb, & HA WOLOBHHY—HH TO, HH CO, CepeARa MORAY 
10K) H UpaBjo#». Bce-ragu ecTh Kako#-ToO KOHUHES, OxnsKift Kb 
mpanyrs. Bs sTOMb KOBWHES Bce Ab10. Bb HEME HCKYCCTBO, 8abszyxX- 
Jaach H OOMAHHIBAS, OesyMCTBYA UH JO KPOBH OO62aMHIBAd HOITH O KO- 
CTORIA TBOPANHH HCTHHH, BCO-TakH JOORpaeTCA AO HHXS,—O0OmpaceToa 
KAES pPavb Bb TOMS MECTB, Xb OTH TBCPAHWAH COBCPHICHHO HOAOCTYNEH 


yaa yuHol mposil. 


IV. 


PWiexycerso CéTbh MHIMX@HIG, HCKYCCTBO @CTb DOSHAHle, BCAKOE ¥C- 
KYCCTBO— POMAHb, COHATa, OPHAMeHTS, Nxacka. Ba aucKyccTBS 0606- 
MaeTCH, UPHBOAHTCH Bb CHCTeMy TO, 4TO pasposHeHO BS MipB. Oxo 
OTEHUSCTCA OT HAYTHALO DOsHaHiaA He pesyIbTaTaMH, 3 Upiemamy, 
He BHBOAaMA, & MeTOOMS. XyORecTBeHHAS MEICAb Take O6OOMACTh 
MHSHCHHLIA ABACHIA, TAKKE COBARCTE HOBHA KaTeropik, Takme HHAH- 
BHAYAAHSHPyeTh H THOH3HPyeTS, Kab MHCAB Hayynas. Ona HeTS 
ApH STONE CBOHMS NYTCMD: OCMHICXOHHAA RHBHb, AACAIbHAA 8AKOHO- 
whpPHOCTS OLITIA IPEACTAeTh UPeXb XYIOMHHEOMS HO Bb BETS 3akoHa, 
hOopMYIH, CXCMH, & BL BHIS 66pasa: HHAHBALYaIbwaro ABICHIA, BO- 
6pabmaro BB ce6a oOOmiag WepTH posa, TOBOpaAMaro 0 THIHIHOMS. 
Ackyccrpo 4 Hayka, Doesig H 1pos8a—paBHOUpaBHbie H PaBHOITBHEHe 
cioco6m 103HaTb mips, oNperban?h cBoe OTHOMICHie Kb HeMyY—He3a- 
MWBHHMH BE cBoeH chepb. OHb MOLYTS COBDALATS BS HBEOTOPOH JOT 
CBOHXS BHBOAOBS, HXb BHBOJH MOFYTh BE ASBBCTHOH creleHH HeCTH 
OMHO AOTHYeECKOe cOMepRanie: MCHXOAOTHYeCKH OHS KOPCHHNMS OOpa- 
S0MB PasiHUHH; pasIHeHb HXb MOXAHHSMB BL AYMB TBOPAMAro, 
eme Ooxbe pasiHaHO Axb phitcTsie BB Aymrb BOCUpAHEMANIMarO. Co- 
JepManic HayIHOH (popMyAH Nerve NOWaAcTcaA YIETY; MH MOROMD TOTS 
OnpeABINTS 61 BMBCTHMOCTL, MOMCME—H TO He BCOrAA—Hallepexs YRABATS 
BCD) COBOKYMHOCTh SH8HOHHHX'?S SBACHIA, KOTOPHA O6OOmIanWTCa H OOBAC- 
HATCH CW. 3a XYAOMECTBCHHHIME OOPAsOM CTOHTS OeskOHOYHOCTS; HH- 
KOTRA HOXLSA CKasatb, 11a RakoH HeOOOspHMOH TPYIIH pasposHeHHLXs 
SBxOHIA OHD CTAHCTS OOLACHANIMEMS 8AM BCTHTCIOND, KakiA DepeRABabiA 
OH SATPOHCTHS, IIPHBCACTS BL ABHRedie WH Weperacyers BS Ayub BOCIpE- 
HEMAIMAO, ITO OHS NOACKAKETS, ITO VHS BHYMIATS ITATeIW, SpHTeA, 
cxymraTezn. Bt caMOMb cosjaTexb OH TAakR@ HEACOHS, HeYCTOHIBBS 
8B coxepRanin, GeskOHeIHO BMBCTATeIOHS 10 opus. XyAORHAED HH- 
KOINa HE 3HACTS, <4TO OH XOTBIL CKASATb> CBOHMS IpoHsBeseniem’h, 
160, CCAHOH OH} OTO SHAaXb, OHS BHPASHAD OI STO BL ACHOR A Operb- 
seunol opm UposH, KOTOpad HO BHSHBAeCTS EPHBOTOIEOBS H BIMeTS 
aBTOHTHYCCKALO TOAROBAHIA XHIIb Bb HCKINYGHTCABHHXS CAYWAAXS: Ha 
TAX BePIMHHAX® Haywalo nosHabia, rxb OHO COAHMAeTCA Ch N03HA- 
HieMm XyJOKeCTRCHHHMS. BL oTOMS OHAa H HESAMBHEMOCTL XyJORe- 


@ 


144 A TrOPH@P@EIASB GE S. 


erBexwaro wosHanis. OSpasb He Tpe6yeTh AORAZATCALCTBE; OH. HO- 
CTPOCHS 10 CBOeEMY BHYTPeHHeMY SAKOHY H DOEPHBaeTS ABIeHiA WbH- 
CTBHTCALHOCTH BS COCTaBB HeEONpeABACHHOMDS H HEOMpeRbIRMOM'. ITO 
He MBbOMaeTS CMY, H ame MOMOTaeTh, FOBOPHTh O HBX HBEOTOPYH 
HCTHHY, HHHM® UYTeM’ HeNOCTHRUMYH. OTHOMeHIA XYAORECTBEHHATO 
o6pasa Kb ABUCTBATEABHOCTH GeskOHeIHO Ooxbe CAOKHH, YBMD OTHO- 
meHia Hayward O6c6meHia; OHS OXBATHBaeTh UX TOFMA, KOTMA CO- 
OTBBICTByeTh camomy ce6b, cpoemy ocu6omy Mipy, cBoeMy cTH#aw. My 
CMOTPHNS Ha Doptpern PemOpanzta #H roBOpHM® ceO'b: «kakb 10- 
xoxe»,—X0OTH, KOHEHO, He 8HaeMS OpHraHatoBs. Llogemy? Iloromy ro 
PemOpanyxb yYAOBHAb BL HHXS THMBIHOCe, BBIBO YeLOBBecKOe? Hbrs, 
STOTO MANO: THITH4HOS MOTAO ONITS CXCMATHIBHMS, 2 CXCMA HE NOXOKAa HH 
Ha KOTO, DOTOMY 4TO Moxoxa Ha BCBXD. PemOpanATS VIOBAIS HBAUBALY- 
axbHoe? Ho BBIb MEI STOTO He SHACME; 1a STOFO H MANO, NOTOMY 4TO HEAH- 
BHAyaIbHHA YepTH MOTIH OWT COUHHEHH H CBeJCHH Sb pasHHXh 
odpasops. Hbrs: noprpern PemO6pakitTa EkaKYTCA HAMS NOXORUME, 0- 
TOMY ITO YOBAHTCADHH: NOTOMY ITO HHJBBYAYaIbHOe Bb HHXB 0600- 
MeHO, & THUIHYOR? HHAHBHAyasHSupoBaHo. OYTO JOcTHTaeTca He Ups- 
MoH BbpHOCTBW AbicTBHTeAbHOCTH, HO Mepecrpoko# osToh xzbicTBA- 
TOSLHOCTH, COOTBBICTBIEMS XYAORECTBCHHALO OOpasa He TOADKO KRHSHH, 
HO C06 RAKOMY-TO Hayaxy, TakxKe ODpeAbiswmemMy cooTHomeHie ero 
wactei: ero craaw. To, ITO 6W10 HasBaHO «BOsBeAeHieMS Bb NepAt 
coslaHia», Biearusallia wbiHCTBHTeAbHOCTH—e€CTb He TOABEO ef 0606- 
meHie, HO H Cy6BeRTHBHOe ef mpeo6pamenie, rab onpesxbaswolyw 
Poh HTpabWTb He TOABKO SeMCHTH NosHaBaeMoH A’BHCTBHTeEABHOCTH, 
BHO H OUpex’baswmia cTH’b cBOlGTBa MOsHAaWMaro yMa. YTO Ta 06- 
ZACTb N0sHaHig, rb cyOBeCETHBAHH MCTONS eCCTbh CHHCTBCHHHE BOs- 
MOKHMH H HesaMBHUMEH NyTs. 

Yueunt opodeccops Bt giazorb I. J. Jlasposa TBepyaTh ono: 
«Jig MCHA BCe TO, ITO AOOHTO CTPOTHMS HAYWAHMS MCTOXOMS, OCTh 
GesyCieBHad OeschOphHad HCTHHA. OTO A 8HAaW; Bb STOME A YBSpPeHS. 
Ho TOoxbKO STO H eCCTSh ucTHHa. Bab ob6sacrn tTouwot, o6bexTuBHok 
HAyEH # HO TOXbEO HHUELO He SHAW, HO HHYeEMY H HE BEPW, HHYETO HE 
wonyckaw. fl Habawyzaw, cpaBHHBaW H ABA CKPOMHHE BLIBOJH OT- 
HOCHTCALHO HCOOABIJHXS FpyUNb PakTOBS, He sadbras HH BB OOAACTB 
THNOTesb, HH Bh e6acTh Upexckasanifi Oyzymaro... IpusnHapas HeXO- 
CTATOYWHOCTA HAayYAHXb yciUbx0sh, THM CHIbH‘e MHS UPHXONATCA 
YTBepRAaTh, ITO Bb HAaykB H TOABKO BS Hay 8akwOWeTcA BCH 
HCTHHA, AOCTYDHAA YEAOBBEY H fame cawa 00 ce6b cymecTBywmlag; 
4TO JHIb IYTeM HaykH Ob AOONTS A MORETS OLTS AOOHTS RaKo#- 
1H60 ycubXb Bb YeLOBbuCcTBS>. 

Ho cam astopb xiazora «Komy upnnayxexuTs Oyzymee> AyMarb 
unaye. Bs pycckoMb usganin BMBCTS cb Aial0roMb.HalewaTaHh pbin 
H Jentina Il. J. Jaspopa u sybcb Ob Cb ABBSCTHOH OCTOPORHOCTLD, 
HO BC€-TAKH CB OCTAaTOUHOH ONpeXBACHHOCThH BHICKASHBAeTbh CO- 
oOpaxeHid, HUTSME He HaNOMHHAWMia THpamy upodeccopa u ero 


a 


BYAYINES HCKYCCTBO. 145 


«3HaTOKa». «POMAaHTH¥eCKad MHICIb—TroBopaTs II. J. Jaspops—mpu- 
IHCHB&eTS 100TaMb H XYAOKHHEAMS BCMA, KAaKS OH Dpoporecsig, 
CHOCOOHOCTH UpOBEASHIA Npomexmaro, HacTOamaro Hu OyAyMaro Bb 
HX HCTHHHOMS SHaveHIH H CMHCAS, CoppemeHhad peaxsCTHYOCKad 
JICHxXox0rid CKAXOHHS Kb TOMY, ITOOM OTPHNATb BCHEYH cHOCOOHOCTS 
AOXOAHTA JO NOBMMAHIA Benet nu COONTI# aHb MeTONA TIaTesxbHAarO 
AHAIHTHYCCKALO HXD HByIeHIA A OCTOPOMHATO cHCTeMATHIeCKAarO M0- 
crpoeHia. Moxers OnITb, HCTHHHAA pOdb XYAORMCCTBCHHATO yralWeabia 
SakADWBeTCA MERAY oTHMA KpaltnocTamH. XYAORHARS H NOsTh TAKS 
me FacTO OmluOawTca H axe NPAMO HCKAKaWTS ACTHBY, Kakb BCARIM 
Apyro# cmMepruuii, He onupawnlifica Ha Hayky H DOcKbAOBATeILHYW 
EpuTHKy. Ho ero choco6HOCTh YAABAHBATh XapakTepHCTHYECKIA IEPTH 
o6pasoBh H HacTpoeHi#i, HM} BOCIIPHHHMACMHIXL HSB OEPYHAWMAro 
ero Mipa, HHOra NOSBOAAeTS OMY, ake IPH OYEHL HeAOCTATOIHOMS 
YMCTBCHHOMS H HPABCTBOHHOMS PasBHTiH, YraghtBaTb KOMOHHANIH AB- 
aeHiH#, KOTOPHA YCKOALSAWTS OTS METOIMYECKATO anasHsa yueHaro 
KPHTHES BE cBOeH OTHBISHOCTH H 10 TOMY CAaMOMY He BXOAATS BD ero 
CHCTeMaTHYeCcKiag NocTpoeHis. XyOXHHED Re, HEMOCPeACTBEHHO BOC- 
IPHHHMad WBAyO KOMOHHADIM H EPYMHHIXt, H CBA SaMBTHHXS ABIC- 
Hif, HMWBeTh BOSMOHHOCTh Bb HHHXE CAYIASXS YAOBHTb Topasyo 
61nme XbacTBHTeCADHHH CMBICIS HCTOPHYECKArO TeqeHia axe Tora, 
KOr¥a HA CFO YMCTBEHHHA CHAN, HH CFO HPAaBCTBEHHOe pasBHTie He 
XOSBOAAWTE CMY HH MOSATh STOTb CMLICA'S, HH, THM -MeHbe, . pasris- 
ABTb CBOH HPaBCTBEHHHA H rpamsanckia o6asaHHOcTHA, ROTOPNA Onn 
6H O6YCAOBICHH NOAOOHHMS NOHHMAaHiemb y Goxbe pasBuToH 1H4- 
HOCTH». Bb uspbctHo# crenesu I. J. laspont cxsaruas Ty ocoben- 
HOCTb XYAORCCTBCHHALO MHIDIACHIA, KOTOPad WhaaeTh ero HHOTAa Mpes- 
INM€CTBCHHHEOM® H&YYHAlO HSCABAOBAHIA: «YragbiBanie XyAORHUEA — 
SaMbiaeTbh OHb—BAKHO HAM He BS THX OO1ACTAXD, KOTOPHA BHIBH 
BCHKOMY XBTOMHCHY AWTeEPATYPHI, 2 Bb THXb, rab XaparTepucrayecsia 
“WePTH BHICTYIaWTb BO MHOMeCTBB MeTOUeH, EXBa SAaMBTHHIXh HAH 
BOBCe H€ 8aMBTHHXb Jag NosAO6Haro wbronucoa, cisBasach Oorbe BB 
oO6mee HacTpoeHie zanna a OOmecTBa, YBM> Bb ONpeA'bICHHHA COOHTIA 
H xbictBia». A onb ropopuTs oO «ray6ekoH DesTH4ecKOH yraqKb» 
JlepMOHTOBA. 

EcTecTBeHHO, 4TO OTH OTOH «yralkH», OT XYAOMCCTBCHAHXE Iy- 
reli nosHaHia Mipa HHEOTa He OTKameTCA YeAOBBIecKad MHICAb — He 
OTKARCTCA YR DOTOMY, ITO MYTH OTH HE TAA ONHHXDS HBOPAHHHKOBD. 
Bonpers o6menpHaaToMy mubHin—oTO OOmie MYTH, H HMCHHO Bb 
STOME 3aX0rb ycTotunsocra uckyccTBa. Yae BB sambiania [nite — 
<HCKYCCTBO HHABCTh JHMM BEAKYIOME TeHidy»—MH BHIBAL OTTOAOCORS 
sToro oOOmenpHHataro sa6ayaxenia. Jlame TakoH MBICIHTeIb, Eakb 
Twflo—ne TOADKO JOMOKPATHICCRA HacTpoeHHMH, HO H PuAONOFHAeCEH 
oOpasoBanHH,—He XOUeTS BaMBTHTS OWMORY XH UPAMO 8aXBIXeTh, ITO 
<HCKYCCTBO 10 cymecTBy apHcToKpaTayHo». Hbrb, HA Mato He TORY- 
IMasch H&a WpaBa H BacayrH YeHis, HajO CKkayaTb: He HCKYCCTBO apHu- 

SAusapp. Orabar I. 10 


146 A TOPH@®RABQS. 


CTOKPaTH4HO, @ ero TeOpix, KOTOPad Ch YAHBUTCIBHMIMD YHOPCTBOMS 
lepxutca BosspbHis, ITO BeIHKIe INAH WbAaWTL AcTOpin—BOsspbuHia, 
BECbM& OCAOMHCHHAIO Bb APYTHXb OOMACTAXD HCTOPHIECKOH HayEE. 
Ho rpbxb ocTeTHEH HMCHHO Bb TOMB, 4TO OHA HHEOrNMa He XOTbsa 
OHITh HCTOpHUeCKOH, Kpafine MeOHHO OTKASHBACTCA OHA OTE OBLIOFO 
APHCTORPSTHSMAa—H CABIN STOTO APHCTORPATH3Ma MHL HAXOJUMS TAM’, 
IyB MeHBe BCerO MOKHO OHIO pascaHuTHBaTb Ha BTO. OTOPBAaHHad OTb 
HCTOpPio HCKYCCTBAa, OT UCHXOXOTIA, OTS PuAOAOTIN, OOuxXOAHAaA TeOpia 
HCKYCCTBA JO CHXb NOP SHACTh TOABKO HHAMBANYAIbHOe TBOPIECTBO— 
H HaYerO, EPOMB Hero. Ona CHHIHPYeTh KAKOFO-TO upPpearbHArO OT- 
WbibHarO TBOPHa, FeniadbHarO COBfaTeAA HACAIbHHXb «PopMb», NOL 
HaHTioMh Dposupalwmlaro Bb OesopMeHAHH Hw Oes06pasHit Mips rbil- 
CTBHTCXbHOCTH—H TOIbKO TBOPCHIAMH STOFO TeHiA 38HHMACTCH, TOAKO 
HMH OlepHpyeTh, TOIBKQ HA HHXD OCHUBHIBACTS CBOH CyaeHifz. ITO 
BhIHWH CHHTe3sb Gesb UpesBapHTeAbHAarO aHalasa, BBIHHA nepenserh 
THUOTeE3S, OCHOBAHHHXS Ha HHTYATHBHOM®D BOsspbHin, Ha BOCXHMeHIA 
XYAORECTBCHBHIMS UpOnsBeseHiemt, Ha OxarorosbiHoMb UpekIOHeHiIn 
pelb rekieMb—KOHCIHO, YOAaBIIAMS Cb HeOa. ICTeTHKA apACTOKPa- 
KpaTHana, WOTOMY YTO aHTH-HCcTOpHyna. Ona MHTepecyerca mexes- 
paMH, @ HO Oll0XaMH, OHA 3aBMMaeTCA <TBOPCHIAMA», & He CTHISMA. 
«WckyccTBO KHBCTE AM BelMviemb renia»? [xb xe TS renin, &O- 
TOPHe COBAaIH HapOsHyW WKCHW, HapOsHYW MOLOBOpky, RABY Hapor- 
HY} pbib, NOAHYH DOOTHIECKHXD SleMeHTOBL? JbIO He BL TOM, ITO 
MLL He 3HaCMb XS HMCHS, & BS TOM, ITO HXB H He ONO: UpPels 
HaMH [pOMANHHA XYAOMCCTBCHHHS COKRPOBHIMNA, CO8MAaHHHA ROAACETHB- 
HHMB TBOPYECTBOMD. TOBOPATS: Takb OHIO PaHbile; H38% MACCH, Bb 
cpoeH GespasaHuHO COBOKYOHOCTH coszaBmeH ce6b ACKYCCTBO, JaBHO 
BHSIBIHCh CHeMaIHCTH, MacTepa esTOrO Khia; mponecch suddPepex- 
Hiagin mpoxormaeTca —H MH YRC He BCTPBTHMCA Cb MACCOBHMS TBOP- 
yecTBomb. Ho Ha caMOMD WZBIB MH Cb HUM A He pascraBasHcb. Ilo 
HpepocxozHomy cpaBHeHin Ilore6Hu—kakb o1eKTPHYECTBO HE TOAbKO 
TaMb, Ixb rposa, Takb no0e3if He TOIbKO TaMb, F’b BeAHKIA NpOHs- 
BeleHiaz. Deppainad EXbTOwKA Noesin, ef aMOpioHb—c10B0 —yObRLaeTh 
Hach, 4TO Nossia Besxb, yb TOBOPATS HW AYMAWTS AWA: C1OBO MO- 
HET OMTh UpPOsakXsHO, MOReTE OWTS H DosTHyHO. LleurH KaxNoe HO- 
BO@ COBO Bb COSfaHiH CBOEM UpeACTaBAdeT CO6OW aKTb WoeTuye- 
CKarO TBOPYCCTBAa; AHDIb DOTOM', MCJCHHO H—eCAIH OOpaTHTh BHHMA- 
pie Ha HCHXOAOrHYeCKYH CTOpOHY — MocTeMeHHO OHO UposansupyerTca. 
MH XHBOME Bh aTMOCHeph XyORecTBCHHArO MHMAeHia. BesKift pass, 
Kora, OObACHAAT ce6b HOBOe ABIeHIC, MH KATCTOPHSHpyeM’ ero, Upi06- 
TaeMb Kb Upexie NO3HaHHHME DWOCpeACTBOMh HOBATO CAOBa, HOBATO 
o6pasa,—MH BB cibeph uckycctBa. Korqa MH BOCXHMacMca IpHpoJOH 
HIH FeXOBHYCCKUMS IBNOM', MH TBOPHM'S; KOTTA MH NpebABIAeMd 
CIpocb Ha H8BBCTHHe CHRCTH, HSB‘CTHHe THON, HBSBBCTHHE O6pasH,-— 
MH TBOpHMS. MH HMemM> reHis—H MHI cosqaemsB ero. Mut 6e8% ero 
TBOPYCCTBA TOAbKO CTpasaeMb; OHS 6e8b Hallero TBOPYecTBAa He Cy- 


BY AY ILER RCKYCCTBO. 147 


iecTByeTh. LlocpesxcrpenHoeTh He yOuBaeTh ACKYCCTBAa, KARb CAHI- 
KOM LOcIbmHO corzacnAca T'mHo. [locpexctsexHOCTbB—MHI Bib 110- 
MHEMS, 4TO SYBCbh TAaKb HAa8BaHH HO AWAJJCTAHTN, KOMIMASTOPH H 
PeMeCICHHHKH HCKYCCTBS, & DIHPORIA HapOsAHWA MaCCH—OcpescTBeH- 
HOCTh Bb STOMb CMHCIB COBAACTb HCKYCCTBO. Ona eCCTb TOTS MAaTOY- 
HHH pacTBOph, H8b KOTOPArO EPHCTAIABSYWTEA CBepKaWMie KPHCTAIIH 
HHAHBHAYAaAbHarO TBOPYeCTBAa — H HXB He GyeTb, ECAH PACTBOPd He 
HacHIceHb. ITO He alpiopHoe Upexnoromenie, He meTadusaueckag 
Puxs0coPia ACKYCCTBa: STO BHBOAL, NOATBEPRACHANH pasHHMH NeTasb- 
HEIMH BASCXBIOBAHIAMA eTO HCTOpi#. JlocTaTOoIHO, HANpHMbpb, BCMOMBHTS 
CYABOY OSTHICCKHXS CHHETOBL, KOTOPHe Kakb Ob MHBYTS cBoel 
HSH, 3aMHPAaWTh, KOTA® COBPCMCHHAaS HMB MHICXb HAYEFO HE 
MOKETL BAOKHTh Bb HHXS, H BOCKPeECawTh, H HAXOAATS XYAOMAHKOBS, 
OXHBIAMUIAXE HX HOBHME COMepRAHieMS, KOTAa HA HHX'S CCT CUPOC, 
KOra 8sTO HOBOe COxepHanie OpoAHTS Bb AYMAaXb H METS BONAOME- 
His, T. @. N0xHO# acHocTH. Korqa cb BHCOTH HCTOpPia DOCMOTpHIIb 
Hasayb, Ha OpohteHHHH ANMALMA DYTh XYAOMECTBCHHALO TBOPIECTBA, 
TO CKPaAHBawiTcd JHVHNC OTTBHEH, JHTHWC BEAATH: OCTANTCA MHpO- 
Kid XBAKCHiA, Bb KOTOPHXb AHYHOCTH MORETS OTH TBOPLOMD 110- 
CTOABKY, MOCKOABKY ABAACTCA BHIPasATexemh Oorbe HAR MOHbE KOIICE- 
THBHarO HacTpoesia. Texifi nogo6ent Bory: ero HaxoxaTbh BB ToL 
mbpb, BB Kako HMLYTS. 

OTHMB CHPOCOMh ONperbasetTca OyAYOIROCTA HcKyccTBa. Ero cyme- 
CTBOBAHiC SABHCATS HE OT TOO, UPA3HAWTS BIA HE IPH8HAWTh ero 
1OJe3HHMb, HE OT TOFO, HCYCSHYTH HAH HE HCYeSHYTS NpHrosAne 
AAA ero HR0OpaxkeHia UpeAMeTH, SBATCH AIH HE ABATCA XYNOMECTBEH- 
He TeHid, & OTb TOFO, Bb KakKOMB HalpaBienind noyerh pasBuTie 
yexoBbueckoH mucAH. [loka HbTb HHRAKHXD OCHOBanif# yrBepxRaT, 
4TO Hayka BO BCeH DOJHOTS YAOBACTBOPACTS HANI TVWeBHNE 3allpocHny, 
GTO SICMEHTH 098iH Bb COSAAaHiH PIA NepecTaaH ONT TBOPICCKHMS 
ABHTaTeXeM’b, MOK& HCKYCCTBO HAM’ HYRHAO HE «OTOMY, ITO OHO N0- 
Je€3HO>,—HBTb OCHOBaBIH MpopowecTBOBaTb 0 UpescToamjeH KOHYHES 
HckyccTBa. Oxo OyxeTE—H HOBHNE TeOpeTHKA IpALyMaro crpos JaBHO 
OTRA8AAHCh OTS CTApHXd UpespascyAKOBh, elle HaMeAWHX BHIpPaKe- 
Hie Bb pbiaxhb NOCIbJOBATCALHHXb—H OlpanueHHHXb—cobecbsHA- 
KOBD JlappoBa. sallagqhHad comialMcTHYeckad AHTepaTypa ye AaBHO 
He 8aHBMAeTCA HCHYRELIMS BONPOCOMDS O OYAYMHOCTH HCKYCCTBA: STOTS 
BOIpOch upexcTaBrsetca ef pbuepHHMs. Ke uutepecyers Oorbe KOH- 
kpeTHHH Bompoch 06% uckyccTBb Oyxzymaro, o 6yzyMeMb UCKYCCTBB. 
Ei xovetca onperbauTb H UpexckasaTh TB POpMH, Bb KOTOPHA—BL 
CBA3H Cb HOBHIMS OODIECTBCHAHNML CTPOCMb—OTOIBWTCA BSKOBSIALA 
XYAOKCCTBCHBHA HCKAHIA AWfel HH XYJOMeCTBCHHHE OTBSTH AX HB- 
6pannHkKoBb. Ona AalekO yaa OTD TOM TOUKH spbHia, cb KoTopoll 
moxogoH pyccrifi Bb gianorb I. J. Jasposa orsepraers «opmy 6esp 
coxepmania, Rakb OH EpacHBa Oa HH OHAa». Ona SHaeTS, ITO Ta- 
EKoH opm Bbrs. WH orroro ofa 8HAaeTb, 4TO HCKYCCTBO HE POCKOMIS, 

10* 





148 DeTPD BRHaBEPTS. 


He 8a6aBa, He claqeoe 6110, a HeOOXOMMOCTL: IpemMochAka TOrO 
KyAemypHazo cunxmesa, TOTO UpHMMpeHia AHYHOCTH Cb oOMecTBOM?, 
KOTOPOe JOLKHO OHTh BBHNOMS HOBHXS opm yeNoBbyieckaro oOue- 
KUTIA. OTH HOBLIA POPMH OYAYTb 3alOIHeHH XYAOMCCTBCHHOH KUSHbW; 
on OpunecyTS cb cobok HeOHBaaHf pacuBbrs ackyccrsa. W6o, rorya 
BICMCHTAPAHIA %KH3HCHHEIA WOTpeOHOcTH OYAYTb YAOBICTBOPeHH, 8a- 
IpocH WosHaHid OxBaTATS cb HeOHBalo# caro ocBobomAeHHYyW YeI0- 
BBYeCKYIO MHCIbR—H XYOMCCTBCHHHE MYTH NosHania saiMyTS AocToH- 
HOe HX MOM MBCTO BB YeLOBSYecKoH AbaTeabHocTu. Bs stom. orpa- 
HHYCHHOMS CMHICIS Gysyulee, HECOMH'BHHO, UpHHAANCMUTh HCKYCCTBY. 


A. Topxenbar. 


* *« 
* 
Yoxacno!.. Kaxou WeHb NoBbmMeHba, pascTp bin, 
y 6ificrBa... CMepTb 38 CMePTb... Bb KPOBM JICHUTH CTPAHa... 
Bpaxge6Hocth 1WTad BCB nepelina npexbin, ' 
UyNoBunlHo cBupbucTByeTb Bola! 
M sycmifi yxacb BB TOM, ITO KB 9TOH WuKOK Soltah 
Moria MpHBHKBYTb MH, ITO Ha CTONOUAXh Lasers 
Betpbiaemb Cb KaxTHMb THEMh BCe XONOAHSU, CnoKOhAbK 
Mu BBCTH CTPaulHha,—Kakb OYTO Bb 9TOMb HBTS 
HecIHXaHHaro 31a, MOs0pa ANA Haposa, 
ua wsoBBiectBal.. 
O, SomecTBo cBoé6ona, 
Bb KOTOpoH BCe JH60Bb, H XU3Hb, W OpatTcrif Mapb— 
Hab-8a Te6a Kako KpoBaBHit nupt! 
Tsou ApysbA—Kb TeOB Cb OnarocnoBeHbeM, 
TBOM Bparu—cb npoKsatiemb Teds, 
Bcb QHWaTb IMHO OMHAMb—HEYTOJUMHMD MINCHbEMS, 
BosMesqbA waxk OW... 4 
: Korga-b KOHeELS 6opbé6b? 


Netp> Bekn6eprr. 





TAYHMKA Bb KAIAKAIAHI. 


Pa3cCKa3b. 


I. 


ComHue cayquutocb. Bb (buHcKomb nocenKB Kasakananys, 
no CeabMoH yuunh, bxanb BoO3’b Cb JaYHHMH DomaATKaMy., Ha 
Bo3sy Bxalb Wkadb, OrpOMHHH, DOJYHAIOMaHaAHA, wepHHt 
BHYTpH H CHapyRH. J[Bepln ero pacnaxHyHch. OAb OHS TAKb 
BeCJIHKb, YTO 38HHMAIb BCH yruoy. Ha apkomb donb sakarta 
OH PHCORAICA, KAR OOUbLIOM GepHHH napycb, H H3AaH Ka- 
BallOCb, OYTO OHb HAeTh caMb co6oh HM TONKaeTb Boeper’b 
M@JICHBKIM BO’b H KOCMATYW JOMaqeaky. 

Panomb co WkadoMb Obsmana co6ayenka, Tome wepHas, 
Kpyruiad, KOCMATaA, KaKkb KIVYOOKb coyTadHol wepctn Kax- 
AHH pasb, koraa Bb yxa6b Harnbasca yepHnit Wapyc’b H XJ0- 
Masa cTBopka jABepeH, coOarka Wb1a1a UPHOKOKD Bb CTOPOHY H 
OO6OumeHHO Tana. 

Baarbibun wkada OnIM yxe Ha nayb. Onu 3aTonHiH 
Heaky WeukKaMH H KOpbeM’b, J'631H Kb OHO H TONAIH HOraMH 
OTb xou0ja. [oBopHTb on He MOT, H60 BCB pTo OHM Ha- 
64TH X1660Mb, KoNOacoH, CHPOMb U APYrHMH NpHMacaMH. 
Ilepebsab Hayasica Cb paHHArO YTpa, H TONbKO Tellepb OHH JO- 
OpaluCh WO Tela H TO MAH. 

Bnupovemb, He CMOTPA HA TONKY, Bb naunott KBapTupb OHIO 
XONOHHO, KaKb Bb CTapoMb aorpe6h, H WaxJlIO 38aTXJIHM'b. 
Aupbhib e1Ba Havalca w DocIb OBINXb cyMepek’b, Bb CMYT- 
HYW NOMHOUb, CMe XBATAIH 8aMOPO3KH. YTO OHH CaMHA paH- 
H1A NTHUH, NpHierbeiia usb [lerep6vpra, opHBBrcTBOBaTh 4y- 
XOHCKYW BeCHY. 

JaqHHKOBb OHNO Tpoe: MYR'b, Rena, PeOeHOK; UPH HUX'D 
TpH upHelyru. Bwib ewe ceqbMoH, rpyqHot MulaqeHelb, HO 
OHD JexKallb PXb-TO Bb CTOPOHKS, sapepHyTHA Bb PyXJIADb, U 
ero He OHJIO BHLHo. 

AgupeH [lerpopHyb Marost, riaBa CeMbH, 6HJ'b OTCTABHOR 


150 T aA H ‘b. 


yuntTerb. He cMoTpA H& XOJIOb, OHS YYBCTBOBAaAIb ceba Oonpo 
HM NOUYTH TOpmRecTBeHHO. 

— Cuasa Bory, us6aBHucbh,—Hadalb OHb, HO He AOToBo- 
PHJI'b H CHOBA CTaIb MPOReCBHBATh KYCOKD. 

Pannitt BH‘b3an® MaroBHxb Ha 7ayy uM'bIb UpotTecrywmilt 
MH DouuTuyecki# xapaxtepb. Augzpet [lerpopHub smenanb ue- 
6aBHTbCH OTb JBOPHHKOBb, TOPOAOBHXb, OTb mni0Ha Ha yray 
HM OTb BO3MORHOCTH OOHCEA. 

— QO6nckKH MAB cCMONOLY HatzobIn,—roBoOpHIb OH'b,—Te- 
nepb KOHCTUTYHIA, 4 He MOry BHHOCHTD. 

Anppet Tetpopuyb 6b YeNOBBKS KOCTIABAarO CIOReHIA, 
Cb Y3KHUMb JIHQOMb MH TpaypHuMHA OakeHOapoamHu. Ob HOCHID 
JJIMHHHM CIOPTYRb H CMAXHBaAb Ha *akedbuyAKa. Ovd OnI'b 
Hpaba MeJaHXONWUeCKaro H paskpamWTeIbHaro HM, KOrga Ccco- 
pHJICA Cb sReHOH, TO 8aNupasicaA Bb kaOuHeTh HA KIOYD HU HO 
Ba JHA He TOBOPHIb HH @0OBa HH Cb KBMB 3b JOMAIN- 
HHX'b. 

Bupoyvemb, Bb Docrbanie Wouroyqa Cb HHMb HH pasy He 
OHIO Dpunagka Menanxonin. HM wactpoenie y Hero ONO OpH- 
nowHaToe. KMy OHO COPOKD JWhTb OTb pody, Ob UPOCAyRLNd 
Bb MHHUMCTepcTBB Haposwwaro UpocBbulesia NATHAAWaTh WHTd, 
BHCIYRHIb CTATCKArO COBBTHHKA, OHO BPpeMA CTOAb Ha HE- 
COeEKTOPCKOH JIMHIH, HO 20 HHCHeRTOpa He OMe. 

Augpet Iletpopnyb 6HIb yIuTeIb 0 Upodecciv wu upHctTa- 
HoflepmatTelb 10 UpHaBanio. Ob UpHHHMab BCHKaro AH HH- 
Kora He CipallwBalb, Bb IeMb Who HW Rakad naptia. Korgza 
OHH 9C-2eKH, OH’ YKPHRANIb 9c-AeKkoBb. [locxrb Toro TaBarb 
piioTh 9C-o9paM’b WH yRe MECYTAID O MAKCHMAIMCTaXxb. Ecim6n 
OHJa HHTCIUTeaTHaA WapTid CKONMOBb Cb OONbMIOW WewTbH, 
OHD H Depel’b HHMM pacKpHJIb OH CBOH ABepH TaKb me WIH- 
poko H TrocTenpiMMHo. 

Jlenb TeBATaro AHBAapA OTKPHIb WIA Hero, KaKb HW AA 
MHOrHX'b, HOBYlO opy. Bb aTOTh eHb OH Obralb no yau- 
WaMb, 4TO-TO KpH4alb, Maxall’b pykaMH, yObrarb BMBcTb Cb 
TONMNOH OTb AparyHCKUxh pasb‘bayos’b. Ha oHOM'’ Nepexpect- 
KB yUal'b HM CHJIbHO pacmtv6ca. [locub Toro OHD Bb DepBHe 
HH XOMHI'b pacTepAHHHH, HO DOTOMDb Cb TopyOcTbW ToBOpHI'b 
oO ce6b, YTO YIACTBOBaAIb Bb YIHIHON BOE. 

Cb eToro Bpemenu Auppel Ilerpopuyb kKakb O6yaTO naMb- 
HHJICA Jame Pusniecku. Onb cTal’b KasaTbCA BHIMe POCTOM’b. 
BHTb MOKeTb, 9TO UPOHCXOAHNO OTTOFO, ITO TeNepb OH OTKH- 
WHBaIb TOIOBY Hasab H CMOTpPBIb HeMHOTO BBepxb. OHS 
BCe-TAKH TIOHWXAaIb NOPOXy, XOTA H3b 3a COHHH H BO BpeMA 
6brcetBa. KpoBs 6pHsHya MHMO Hero H OlbsHHAa ero. Huka- 
koe BHHO He ONbAHACTS TAKb CHJIbHO, KaKb HBCKOIBKO Kaleb 
cBbmeH uelopbueckoh Kpopy. Cb oToro BpeMeHH AHApelt 





NAGAHKH Bb KANARANABIB. 151 


[lerpoBHdb cTadb TOBOPATh 0 ce6OB BO MHORECTBCHHOM’) IHC: 
MH, rpamane. 

BL OuHmahmiee BpeMa DocIb AeBaATaro sHBapx AxHypeft 
[lerpoBHYb Y4acTBOBANIb Bb PasIHIHHXb coopabik#xb, KoMMHC- 
ClHXb H KDPyRKaxhb, OHBANIL ‘BE TeHHDIeEBCKOMb Y4HNMOS A 
BB peopMatckoh ueprBa. Jipa pasa OHNIb H& TAaHHCTBEHHHX'S 
WOK.1alaxb Cb WaToh m0 OATH pyOueH 38 BXOZ'b, Bb NOUb3y 
ro.10qawmiuxhb padouwxpb. Ho Bcero sToro eMy Kasasl0ch Mado. 
HM, Kkorga O8b BCOOMHHAIb O CBOCMb UPOWIOMb UpHcTaHodep- 
RATeIbCTBS, CMY CTAHOBHOCh cTHQHO. KTo OJIN 3TH TaHH- 
CTBCHHHE TOcTH,—Bce MOOZeRb, WOITH WhTH. OH YxXoAHIb 
Ha Clym6y HW OCTaBalCA Bb CTOPOH... 

— MH CaMH JOIRHH 8aBATLCA NOIMTAKOH,—pBbuInIb OHD— 
MH, POJHTeIH. 

OHb Hayalb Cb TOrO, ITO Yepesb AB HenbIA nocrb or- 
KPuTIA BceoOuleH sadacTOBKH HOMePb lepBHH, Topx#xecTBeEHHO 
NOJaNb Bb OTCTABKY, H He NPOCTO NOsab, a Bb MOTHBUPO- 
B&HHOM®D BH'b. MOTHBHpPOBKa OHa WMHHaA H oOMsaA pbe- 
RocteH. Qua 3akaHdMBalach aaABleHiemb, uTo Angzpel [erpo- 
BHYb He MOMCTL CIYMRATH ,CTONL MpecTyOHOMY UpaBuTeJb- 
cTBy“. Bb Th BpeMeHa HAaIaIbCTBY IIPHXOAHI0Ch BHCIYIUH- 
BaTb elle H He TakiA BellH. OHO UpOunTalIO MOTHBHPOBRY H 
ame H& YCb He HaMOoTano. OnHakO yuepmuBaTh Angpes Iler- 
poBHaa Ha ciyROB HacHabHO Tome He pbuutoch. Takamb 
o6paz0mb MaroBb oyytTaca Ha Bob. Jbaa y Hero He OHNO, 
CPpeJCTBb Tome. 

AnyzpeH I[lerpopuyb, Buopovemb, He AYMaNb O6b sTOMD. 
Co6uTia DomLInH PopcvpoBaHHHM®b MapuieM’d, HCTOpia KaTH1aCb, 
KaKb CHBRBHK KOM Cb Topo. BHM 3a6acTOBKH, COW3H, MH- 
THHIH. ABOUHH NOpAyOKd WH ABOUHHH Oeanopagons. Tourer- 
HHIe JW0H cpeqauxb WHTb HeORATAHHO OObABNANUCh 9c-]e- 
KaMu. CaHOBHHKH CTAHOBHJIMCh WH6epalaMH Bb ok Aadin Ka- 
nercTBa. HagapcrBo pactepsxl0cb H yMauHocb. Poccia 6uuza, 
Kakd BBcH. Bb o7HOK YauIhb Jexata WuKTatypa rpada Burte, 
a Bb Apyro# AuKtTarypa uposetapiata WM HHKTO He MOrs pb- 
WIMTb, KoTopad mepetanerb. AnApeH [letpopuyh Obramrb, cye- 
THJICH, KPHUasIb WM Ha THCAYY WaqOBb UPOABIANb cBow oble- 
cTBeHHOCThs. BHNH MHHYTH, KOrga OD -DOJHHMAICA 20 NO- 
Haro caMOsadbBeHix WH OMWIb TOTOBb OPOCHTbh CBOW RH3Hb, KAKS 
6pocanb pyOuH Bb cOopHyw manky: ,,Hatre, Oepute nocrbyAHis, 
CCHH Takb Hy#HO“. CopokaTHCAuHad TONa mua m0 HeBpckomy 
Hecam 3sHaMeHa H haw. Ob Werb BMbcrb Cb ApyrumMy u 
Wb H, KaxkeTcd, Ulakalb. Bb tiepeynkaxb crpbaaun. Ho 
emMy He OHJIO cTpamHo. OHB He OHJIb OOMBAaTeb, A Wamxe He 
OHI TpaxaHHAdb 3eMH pycckoH, onb OHNb necauaka. IL 
Toma Ola, KaKb CMepub Bb NycTHHS. CMepyb HeTd Bile- 





152 TAH Db 


pelb H BOCXOAUTb BBepxb. Bb HeMb ABHKYTCH MeCUMHR 
TOHYTbh Bb BUXpb. 

Exatepuua Ceprbesua Maropa Ona aMa cbpaa, Connas, 
chpaa. Ona 03qHO BCTaBana, UHIa Kode, NOTOMb sadupasach 
ha JHBaHb HW Opasia crapyio KHuRKY ,Hosaro sKypHana Wxo- 
cTpasHow JlutepatypH“. Bonpoe Bcero Jw6uua IATATh Upo 
Ulepsoxa Xoumca. Wocarb o6baa packlaqWBala WaCbAHCh ,,Ha 
uchonHednie xemanif*. CaMad RUBAA CTPACTh eA Oba — WeIMTHCH. 
Ona haana OTb Bpaya Kb BPAY, UPHHUMAlAa CHIbHO Abi- 
cTByWMmia cpezcrBa. Pasa 7Ba UyTb He OTPAaBHJacb. 

Mnorma Ha Hee HAXOJMJIH IpwuagkH aHepriv. Ona upHHH- 
Malach 38 XO3HHCTBO H HadHHala OOHKHOBCHHO Cb Camoit 
rpy6o# pa6oTH, Mpo6oBasa MHITh MOTH, CTHpaTb Obube, HO Opo- 
calla Ha DONOBHHS MW JO#xNIach Cb MHTpeHblO Ha AHBaH'. Hsp 
ce6_a OHa OHIa ONOHIHHKAa, Cb BONOCaMH Bb BAAS KOHCKAaro 
XBOCTa CBBTIOH MacTH. OFOTb XBOCTb MNOXO WepsRaJicaA HA 3a- 
THJIKB HW DOCTOAHHO ChBaRab BHHSb. Oua NOBHIAa ero Ha 
oN-oporb H BOABOpAIA Ob6paTHo. 

HKyxapka OHJa BHCOKaA, TOJCTad, UPAMaA, Cb PAOHMD JH- 
romMb. Ama ea Onso Crema, HO ee walle 3Bamm Cryna, H ona 
He o6Hmasacb. [opHuynan Ona AHHCLA, WBTb copoka, 6e3b 
OWHOTO sy6a BO PTY, HO OYeHb TybuuBaro HpaBba. Kb Heft 
TOCTOAHHO XOJHJIM Kakie-TO MaCJICEHHHKH, MOPOXRCHHARH H Aame 
ONMHD 30JuTapb. Ho Cryna BHrHada eroueb KyxHH. Kb Crynb 
HHMKTO He XOJHJI'b, TBMb He MeH'be y HeA OHJb rpyaHou, Me- 
cTuMbcadHHh pedeHors. Jina pe6Geuka Cryna depmaia HAHbKY 
Hactbky, WBBYOHKY JbTb ABhHaAnAaTH, KOTOpoH oONaTula TPH 
py61a Bb MBcab. CBaoe mManoBanbe Cryna nolyqaia HeakKy- 
paTHo, HO HacTbkb OnaTuia ucopaBHo. Hactpka 6a WBBIOHKA 
ycTpas H BCe DIMHTana 3a BOpoTa. 

Y MarToBsyxb OWJb TOIbKO OLMHb CHHD Cepema, MaJIbIHKb 
Th BOChMH. Y Hero He OHIO HAHDKH HM BOOOMIe Ha Hero MANO 
KTO OOpallab BHHMAaHIiS. OHD OHJI'b MAIbIMKD THYI#, BCe 
CHABIb Bb YTOUKy, CKlaqHBalb KYOHKH WIM Tepedupanb 
KAPTHHKH. GHMOW efO HEKOMY OHIO BOXHTb Ha UporyKyY Hu 
OH CHIBIb OMa, Kakb apecTaHTb, 00 WSIHMb HelbIAMD. 
Oud OHJIb AOBONCHS PAaHHAM?t epeb370Mb wa Naty elle Gombe 
cBoero OTHa H_ BCE NOCMATPHBAI Ha Bepb, cOoOnpasich 
YAH3HYTb. 


II. 


YRHUAD KOHIHICA. JKEHOIMEH CTAaIH packlaqHBaTb Belly. 
Aupet Ilerpopryb B3aib Wanky WH ollerb co yBopa. Oub 
He INOW HOMAaMHeH BOsHH HM, KOrAa MHJIM DOH WIM CTpA- 
T1aIH Kb NpasqHHKy, OHb BCErAa YXOAHIb Usb ROMY Cb yTpa. 


JAYHHRH BE EAXACASAGIS. 153 


OHb omenb, He TOponAch, 20 DoNoTHa merbsHos opors, 
HOCMOTPbIb 010 CTOPOHAMD, He HAeTh JM 0063I'b, NOTOMD e- 
pelleIb Yepeab DOMUTHO H BOUeIb Bb COCHOBHH heb. JIBcb 
OWJIb BHCOKIM, opamow. JJouBa poBHaH, Kakb cTob. Ona no- 
pocia TpaBow, HusKOoH, 8eeHoH uw xKecTKOH. HM coco noxoaHIH 
Ha KOJIOHHH, AIH H& BECOKIA CBhUAH H3b KOPHIHEBATO BOCKY. 
Tlax0 cMom0H, H CTyNaucb Kak'b-TO oco6eHHO Sogpo. [orom> 
Aopora cTawa COYCKAaTbCA BHHSb 10 TOP~PABHMD JyRaM’d H py- 
aMb CHOyyaro ecky. 

Ha mopsb 6n0 THXO. Comnya yme He OHu0. TobKO Garpo- 
BHe, Cllerka JHMHHe JIYIH CTOANTH KOPOTKAMS BBALNOMb Hal’b 
nocabaneH uckpoH, noTyxaBoieH Ha sananb.. YaKia BOJHH 
NON3H Ha MecoR, J'bHHBO HM TOMHO, OHa, MOTOMb pyran, 
HOTOMD elle Dpyraag. Oub Onn 6ypHa Hu ryCTHA, Kakb Meq, 
H JORHIUCH y Gepera, KaKb JWHHHHA, MCJIKIA, CleTKa BBAYTHA 
CKIANKH. 

BE rayouHb 3a0uBa BOwa Meplasia, H Tadwa, H CIMBAaacb 
cb TyMaHomb. HM waa OOMIMpHHMS CMYTHHMb H PialKuMb 
BepKaNIOMb BCIVIHBab KpoHmitayTh, Kakb CKas0uHHH Tropoyb 
Rutres'b. Ilnporitt co6op> kasaica 061adHHM’b, DOITH Npospay4- 
HHM’b H 10 066 CTOPOHH AHMHIHCh TPy6H, Takia CMYTHHA, Ie- 
NeHbHHA, UpaMHA. Harbso Obi KyoONb Cectpopbukaro ky- 
popta BHCTYNaIb CTpOHHHMH TpaHaMH, kak’b rpeyecriff xpaMmt, 
6pomeHHHH UpHxoTbw CyYAbOH Ha OTOTb HHBKii u chpylt 6e- 
perb. 

Jliogeh na Sepery He 6n0. ToIbKO KYOMIbHHA OYQKM CTOAIH 
CTPaHHHMH TpyuuaMy, H Kakb OYTO KOr'o-TO RAIN WH BpeMA 
OTb BPeMeHH HEORHMAHHO H CEPAHTO KPAKAJIM IOJLYOTKPHTOW 
aBepbwo. Ob noxoquJH Ha PHHHOBB 3b AepeBHun Kavaka- 
NaH HW OHH Takisi Ke AepeBAHHHHA, UPH3CMMCTHA, KBalpat- 
HHA. Onb CTOAIH Ha Oepery H NOAH AAI DAHKKOBD. 

Y caMOH BOAH CTOAIb CTAPHYOKS Bb CHPoMb HA CMOTP BIB 
Baalb. Augzpeh IleTpopnyh DosOMIeIb DOUTH MaAIMAaNIbHO 
BCTAaTb pAOMb. CTapHiOKb NOABANb YoJOBY, MOCMOTPBIb 
Ha BHOBb NPHMieqMIaro HW XOTHIb OHIO OTBEPHYTbCA, HO NOTOMDb 
Badepmalb CBOM BariATb Ch BCOOMHHAWUIMMb YCHIeMD. 

— [qb « Buybab ero?—nozyMarb MaToBb,—Bb 6anKb, Ha 
ceMeHHOMb BeYeph Wd Ha HapOJHOMb MHTHHI'B? 

— MB, KaskeTcA, Cb BaMH yoxRe UMD Y/OBOJIbCTBIC,—BH- 
TOBOPHJb OHb BCIYXb CBOW MHCJb. 

CrapH4OKb KHBHYAD TovoBon. : 

— Jia, BcTpbyanuch, Ha Beyep'b y CoMOBHX'h,—CkKasallb ORD 
OTPHBHCTO. — 

— Y Comospyxb,—si6esHo noBTopuab AHApel I[lerpo- 
BHYb.—Tenepb, A Donaraw, Mil C’b BaMH cochaH mo 2aqdHOMy 


154 Y AH 4, 


mMicty. Bb TakoMb citydab mosBombte upescrapuTeca: Matos‘, 
yUHTelb. Soewi%t,—IIpHOsaBHAb OHS 3HaUTeJIbHO. 

Crapukb UpoTany'b pyky. Pyka y wero OHJIAa MaJIeHbKan, 
HepBHaA, COBCBMD skeHcKan. Bech O'’b OHJI'b TOHCHBKIA, akKy- 
paTHuti, H WatbTO y Hero CHABIO Bb Tali, 10-7aMcKa. 

— s—Huwenb, Oyxrantrepb. A Goer uM HBTb, caMb He 
BHAlg—UpHOaBuNb OH ocr nayaH. 

+ Crano ONTb, TaKxe H Bb OaHKh,- nozyMalb Matos. 

OHH CTOAIH PAXOMb UH cMOTpPbIH Ha Mope. CTaHOBHJIOCL 
TtemHbe. Boga upio6phaa chp, ueyanbHu oTrbHoKb. JIHWO 
CTapHKa TOKE OHIO NewaJbHO. 

— IlomMHuTe, Ha MUTHHI"B?—THXO 38rOBOPHIb Ob. 

— Crano 6nTb, H Ha MHTHHS, ~NOLYMad'’b BCKOUb3b Matos. 

— Bb TOTh eHb HA MHUTUHI'S — DOBTOPUNb cTapHrb— 
N-cki ToBOPpHIb:—OHb HasBal'b HMA USBBCTHALO KazeTCKaro 
opatopa.—,CBo607a Heth, KaKb HEBBCTAa Cb CiAWIIHMB (a- 
KeoMb. Byaerb, HOBHA NOpsAZOKb, HH CMH BONOCh He yna- 
eTh HH Cb ubeH rom0BH*.—A 8 CTOANb H AyManp: ,,CKOIbKO 
ele roJOBb AOUKHO yOacTh, ITOOH OnNIb NOpAAOKd~... 

— Kakb CKONbBKO YTouOB‘b? 

MaToBb B@XporHyIb HM Jake oTosBnHyaca. Ero nouu- 
THUeCKie Wad OHH MHpHHé. OH WOWb TOBOPHTb Ha 
TeEMY O TOM, YTO OOLIECTBO AOMKHO CIUOTATBCA H ,,OCTAaHOBATb 
RKpoBonpourTie. 

— Maoro rouj0Bb,—cka3zalb CTapuuOKb—MHOro RusHeH. 

OHb KHBAI'b ToUOBOoll Cb TpycTHHMb yObxRaAeHieMb, Kakb 
OYATO HTOL"b NOABOAHIb Bb KpOBaBOM’b CHHOLUKB. 

KuawesBb, Usanb Matabuytd, OnNb OONBaTeb, 3apameHHH 
TOH me OaluuoH moOIMTHUeCKOH cMyTH. OHDb DpocdyRHIb 
OvxrasiTepOMb ABaquaTb JIbTb Bb OOULMIOM MOMyKaseHHOM'’b 
yupexeHin, WeHerb He HaxkHJ'b, 38 TO HeHHJICA youe Bb apb- 
HXb WhTaXbH BCe-TAKH HARA T0Nb LORMAN Whreti. Bo Bc 
CBOW DOTY KHBHb OUD OWI O6pasiom’b akky paTHocTa. TobKo 
TPH pasa MpOnycTHIb cuyROy HW Bb HTOrAaXb ero He nouaa- 
noch omH6onb. Ecun y Hero MW OI Takb Ha3sHBaeMHA Wen, 
OH'b HHKOMY He fOBOPHJb O HHXDb HH CaoBa. HM ero crTaBHiaH 
Bb UpHMbpb MONOLZHMDE JICTKOMHCIeCHHHMDb DHCUaM. 

HuETO He MOI’b pBIUHTb, Cb KakOroO BpeMeHH CTAaIb 3aly- 
MHBaTbcA MBanb Matsebuyp. Ob BoOobme OHIb YIOBBKD 
THXii H HEMHOTOCNOBHHH. WH BpemMena OHI Takia, ITO MONOAHe 
JON KpHIAIH, & HOKIe XONIH salyMuinBHe. Jlame oRTAOpb- 
ckie 2HH He DpoHsbelH Ha HuweBa HHKaKOroO BHAMMAaro Bile- 
yaTIbHIA. Kb noalpaBJeHiAMd M0 NOBOAy CBOOOZH OX’b OTHECCH 
crpaHoo xonogno. HW ctapmift abronponsBpolatTedb H8b HHO- 
CTpaHHaro OTA'Ba MHCIeHHO fake O6038BaNb ero YepHOCOTeH- 
IleM’b. 





JAWHHEH Bb KRAXARKAIAGAS. 155 


Tepembua o6Hapyxnnach MBCAA Yepe3sb Ba, AOBOJIbHO 
HeORHTaHHO. Bh ono BOCcKpecHoe ytTpo Wsanp Marsbuyp 
metb 00 yuu. Ha yaunb co6upanach Manudectania, muy- 
Kad HW Mamoyqaunan. YenoBBRb TpHALaTb. HOAPOCTKOBb, Cb 
ANHMH 8HaIkaMi BB MeTAMMax’b, COMM Cb TpoTyapa, BHKHAY IK 
KyMaqHHi Piarb A NOMI Ha Hepepbab yrugu. Ha auxb Ha- 
cKakaJlw TparyHH Cb mauikamMa. Mpanb MatTBpbuyb nocirbm1o 
CBepHYJIb Bb WepeyJOK'’b, NoMaiEme oTb rpbxa. Ho wBCKOMbRO 
WAOMIeH BObRaNIO Bb TOTH Me DepeyJOK'b, coacasch Ob 10- 
TOHH. OAHHD CBePHYJIb Ha TPOPyaph A cTal'b upo6braTb MAMO 
Himoesa, HO BCAQHHKb NOTHAaJICA Caaql, WH Habxal'’b, H YLapasb 
Ha oTMalib... Hpanb Matebaub BABI, BCe, ACHyraHaHl 
Barsjayb, H WlewW, UPATHYTYH, Kakb y saitiya, H ONeCKD cTanu, 
H KDpOBB. 

Ha crbaypuiee yrpo Kiwenb OpHuielb na ciym6y AChAD 
Ha cBoe MBcTo. PaAZOMb TOMOUHHKD KaccHpa BelI'b Cb NOCh- 
THTeHeMb OBTIHA MOMHTHIeCKIA PasrOBOPb, KaKb YacTO Obi- 
Bato Bb Tb anu. Ilochrutenb OHI'b KyMel'b, TOICTHM, HO Bb 
TOHKOMDb TaibTO. OHS BHTIABIb TAak'b, KAKb OYATO NOTb Ko- 
sxe y Hero Ona Wly6a, MbxXOMb BHYTDb. 

— llopsaka Mado, —cKasalb Kye CepqaTo,—orTroro Apyrb 
Apyry TouOBhH CHAMAIOTD. 

Hsanb MaTBbuyb UpHCymaicA HBIPY'b CKasa'b TpOMKO 
H HA Kb KOMY He Obpanmlancn: 

— Hbrb, MAoro UpHAeTCA TONOBD CHATS, YTOOH OHS N0- 
DAJLOR'. 

CoclyRuBOH BaHATepecoBalHCh HW CTaIM COpalluBaTb NOUTH 
TAKDb me, KAKb H MarToBb. 

— Kaknxb roopb? 

Ho Hsanb Matrshuyb He YAOCTOMIS AXb OTB KIA. 

Cb TBXb Oph OHS He pasb NOBTOPANS TO me sanBuenie u 
AHWO erO CTaHOBHA0Ch sce yrprombe. Hakia ToOBH HY2HO 
CHATb H 38& TO HMCHHO,—OHb He OOBACHAID, OHTb MOKETS, 
jlame H CaMb He 3Haib H He MOrb OObaACHHTb. Hawe cinta 
ero 10 pesxHeMy epHocoTesnemb. JIpyrie cTanw HasHBaTb 
AHAPXHCTOMD. 

Mébcana sepesb 2Ba CYXM OUI AO AMpeKTOpAa: eCTb Bb 
yupemeHin IHHOBHHK'S, KOTOPHH xXoUeTh TONMOBH CHAMATH. 

JlupekTopb pasa yMHBarb ellle Cb MBCAI'b, NOTOMS UpHeBasl 
cTaparo O6yxrasTepa H CUpOcH: 

— I[IpaBaa 3H, ITO BH XOTHTe FTONOBH CHHMATb? 

— 31 He xouy,—cnoKoHHO ckasalb Hpant Matapbuyb—a 
HyRHO... [IaTHAaANAaTh MUIJIIOHOBD. 

Jiupextopd He noHArb.—IJATaaquaTs MUITIOHOBD pyOmeh?— 
TWepecipocn.1b OH. 

— Hbrh, rou0Bb,—rTakme cooKoHHo ckasarb Hsanb Mart- 


156 TAH db. 


BbHYb.—Hab Beer) HaceJecuid NATHALDUATbD MHJIIOHOBD los0BD, 
A CTO MATHAANaTb MHJIJIOHOBb MORHO OCTABHTE. 

— SavhMb Tak'b MHOrO?—BDb y2xxach CUpOcHIb ANPeRTOPd. 

— SHaeTe,—0OBhpusBo CKasab HBanb Mata buyb.—A xoxy 
0 yIHUB H CMOTpiO Ha nNpoxomuxb. HW Bee Kakb-TO He JHA 
nonvasawTcs, a MOPAH 3B bpHAHA. J[ame aA cTalb TYMAaTb, 4TO, 
MOReTH OHTh, WYWMe CTO MATHAALaTh MHIILOHOBb PoOJOBb 
CHATb, & IIATHAAMATh OCTABHTb. 

TupexTopb no6osasica pascmpalluBaTb Aanbme, HO HOAYMab 
HM HeOKHTaHHO NpeANORUI: 

— SHaete, Hpanb Marabuyb, BH BHT agate ycrano. BH OW 
‘BBA OTIHYCK’b, MBCALeRD Ha DecTb. 

— He nago mab oTnycka,—6ypkHyi® HUpanb MatTBbuy. 

— Cb coxpaneHieMb codepxtanis,—BenHKOAYMHO CKasatb 
upeRTopb.—BH CuysRHTe TaKb aBHo... A BewiO HalbHcarh. 

TakHMb 06pas0Mb cTapHit 6yxrasTepb Tome OYYTHICA Oe3b 
bua. Cpokb ero ropoyqckoh KBapTHpH KOARUaICH Bb MapTh u 
“OHD NocibIUKAIb Depebxath Ha Wary, YTOOH He NIATHTb BABOHNAS 
3a KBapTupy. 

Hpanb Matpbuvb secTroko cky¥adb Ha yayb. EMy He xBa- 
Talo yTpeHHet mporyiKH no HesckoMy, wBeligqapa, KOTOpHH 
OTKPHBaNb UpeAyIpeAuTeNpHO DBepH, 8HAKOMOH KOHTOPKH Cb 
BHCORHM® CHI‘BHbeEM}d, OOJbNIOH KHHTH Cb WIOTHHMA KH OBINMU 
mucTamMu, rab 6eskoHeYHHMA PAZAaMM Bb KpacHHXb HM CHHAXD 
KITBTRaX TAHYNHCh KONOHAH TUJaTebHO BHBeEACHAHXh DUMp'd. 
KoNOHHH 9TH HHKOrya He UPePpHBaHCh HW HApOCTaNIH Kaew 
JeHb, KaKb OTYeTIHBAA IWHTONMCh. A3HK'b sTOri UBTOUUCH OWJI'b 
A8HKb MeCIKYHAPOTHHH, DOHATHHH BceMy eOBBUeCTBYy, H 
Kase INH 8hHakb TOBOPHIb OoNbie, ThMb WHAHA CTpaHHH, 
MCHHCaHHHA coBaMH. Kpyromb wapHma 6onpas, A’boBaa TH- 
mua. ilypmannd 6yMaxHHA JeHLTH, 300TO Clerka 3BAKaJO O 
CTCKIAHHYI ToacTHIKY. MaJbunkH nepeObranu cb wekaMH H 
OKYMeHTaMH HW MBpHO INO BHepedb Comoe, OTBHTCTBEHHOE, 
MHOPOMHJIIOHAOe ABO. 

Tenepb Upauh Marshuyb ocraica ofHHb 6eab saHATiA, Cb 
CBOMMH CTPaHHHMH MHICIAMH. OH Xopomo BIAabIb HABMeL- 
KHMb ASHKOMDb, BaAJ'b TOJCTHH POMAaH'’b, NOMpoOboBaNb YATATh. 
IlourH TOTTaCh me MPHBHUKA Kb MeTOAMTeCKOH DhATeIbHOCTH 
BaCTAaBHa ero saBecTH oco6yio TeTpaab, H UTevie UpeBpaTHAOCh 
Bb Tepepoyb. OAHako OKasatocb, 1TO WHpH u GeaerpucTHka 
MMBIOTb MAO O6ularo. Bb poManh ToBopH0Ch O MeHIMHAXT 
HM JN00BH, U cTapoMy 6yxraiTepy He XBaTado CHOBb HH 00-Hb- 
MeIIKH, HH o-pycckH. OB cbb3qHIb Bb Topodb, UpHBed'b 
‘CHOBapb. Hakb Bcb pycckie COBapA, ClOKapb HuKyAa He Po- 
nuica. Cb Thxb nopbh UBanb MatTBbayb npopodnib whane 
YACH, CepAuTO MepeBopaywBad JIMCTH HW MOCTOAHHO HATHKaACh 


~———- —_— 


MAWHHEA BB KASAKANAHI2. 157 


H&a TAKIA PYCCKIA CNOBCUKH: sd0sams, oOdpioseuaame, nepexopo- 
dum, 

Hakonenb ATH OTKPHJIA, FTO pOMAHD yme Nepebetenb H 
IpuHecim eMy pycckoe HafaHie. Hpanb MatTebuyb awe cMy- 
THIca. OHb B3ATb DepeBodb HH NOMOMAND ero Bb AWUKS 
cTo.1a. Cb TBxb DOpbh BMBCTO CHOBAapH Ha TPYUTHHXDb MBCTAXb 
OH BHIBATaAIb ANAK UH BarsWBalb Bb NepeBOl'b, Kak’b 
THMHAasHCTH 8aLIAHBaNTh Bb HOACTPOUBUKD... 

— Tlamoyxa, wan tak ouTp!.. 

— A, 9T0 TH, Muca,—ckasarb Hmmess.—Cefttuach, Mucs. 

Muca 6HiIa oFeHb Woxoma Ha cBoero oTma. Taxag ste Ma- 
J€HbKad, ONPATHaA, Cb THXHMH ABHReHIAMH. OHa OLA Bb Ch- 
poMb unaTps. Pycag koca, coymeHhasd BOONb CBHHH, lIpHsa- 
Bala ef BHI’ COBCBMb MOJOZ0H ABBOUKR. 

MatTosb xorbb nonpomatscs. Ho Kuawes, ne eMoTpA Ha 
CBOH OTBETb, CTOANb Ha MBCTS MO YEMB-TO AYMAIS. 

— Mamogka 6yqeTbh maTb,—HanomMaHna Mucs. 

— dHaeTe, TO, — HeOMHDaHHO Opewnomnunb Hmoesb — 
HOHTeMTe Kb HaMb Yat DuTD! 

BB romochb ero npo3sByaano pazymlie, koTOpoe MaJIO corsa- 
COBaNOCh Cb ero IPeAHAyYUIAMH pbuaMu. 

MarToBb 3aMsJIcs. 

— Mow yoma OYAYTb *LaTb,— CKasasb OH HepbINNTeILHO. 

— A MH NOMseMb CKasaTh,—upeqiomarb Kies, —BI1K 
HX TOME WOsZ0BeM’. 

MatToBb 1poMomyarb. Ob DPHBHKD OTIBIATh CBOW YaCctT- 
HYN 3H3Hb OTH OG UleCTBeEHHOK A ake OHBATb Bb POctAX’h 
HpeANOGHTarb OUD, 6eab TOMOVaADeBb. 


ITI. 


OHH TOBepHYIHCh, COOMPaACh YXOZHTb, HO Bb 9TO BpeMA 
H& MOPCKOMS Oepery HewanekO OTS HHXB NOABUMACh YNOBB- 
yeckad Purypa, Nosaubme Apyrasn, ellie Aasbile rperba. Panbue 
oTHXS MATypd He GIO BUAHO. ONS kak OYATO BHITb3IU Ash 
necky WIM UPATauch Bb OyAKaxb  Telepb BHIIIH BOHD. 
BHTb MOKeTh, THEMb OH'B ClawW HI CHEbIM BsalepTH H 
TOJBKO Kb BeYepy BHXOAHIM DOCMOTPSTb Ha CBBTB Hoxist. Bs 
BeqepHeMB cyMpakB OHS KasaiHCh TeMHHMH, IpyCTHHMHY, 
TaHHCTBEHHHMH. 

Bupovemb, 61uxaliad purypa TOTYACh we MoOAoMINAa HW MO- 
8OpoBanach Cb KaweBHM: 

— SapaBscrByte, OKTOph, — CckKasalb HANeBh, — Kakb 
nomHBaeTe? 

— CkBepHo,—Cka3arb OKTOpS. 


158 TAH &. 


— Karb BH AyMaeTe, rocnolza,—o6paTuica On Kb MaTosy 
H Kuwesy 6e3b BCAKHXS DpenucuoBii. — OTH urypH TaM’d 
BL TeEMHOT'S, He MIMOHH? 

— Tocnonb cb BamMu, —'CckKasars Kwesb. — BBAb BH HXD 
sHaeTe. OTO BCe Halll, TaIHHKA. 

— Buy AyMaete, — epecnpocHrb JOKTOPh Cb pasoyaposa- 
HieMS Bb rouoch.—I yb “ke DIMiOHH NO Bamlemy? 

— Jla Ha WTO OHH BaMb HY RAH? —YCHORAMBAIS ero Huaw- 
eBb—borb Cb HAME. 

— Tocnoyu, X0Tb 6H UpHilinu, — 3allelitasrb JORTOpb, — 
OOHCKaH, OJHHD KOHECL'S. 

— Bt Jletep6yprb serge 6nN0, — OHCTPO TpozoNKaIb 
oHD. — TaMb A YR 3BHAIS: KARL HOY, MORAO HMATb 3BOHKA. 
OUBCh H 3BOHKa HBTS, 1a H 38BOHMTH HEKOMY. 

— Jja Hy, OpocbTe,—ycnoKanBars ero Kiwesb.—Dotgemre 
KB HaMb Yah DUATH!.. 

On OMIM Hasayqb Kb DobeMy wa ropy. JJoKTopS mers 
C3aiH PAXOMb Cb MarToBHM's. 

— Bs [lerep6ypré nerge 6H10,—nOBTOparb onb.—Teneph 
HeMB He BHHY, 00 HOUaM CHATCH. 

— Xovb 6H B'BCb OXpaHy BBeIH,—UpocToxymHo mpHéa- 
BHI OHS. 

Jloxtoph MapTHHoBb CTpayanb MoqHOH OorB3sHbW, MaHieli 
nomumevickaro upecrbyoBania. Ob mpopoxunb Bb llerep6yprb 
MYWHTeJIbHHe THU H elle Gombe MyduTeIbAHA HOUK. Ha BCBXB 
NepeKpecTKaxh eMy MePelWJIHCh DINIOHH. HaxaHh Beyeph OHb 
TepecMaTpuBarb CBOu O6yMarH, Kerb CyIaHHA OHChMa, YHH- 
YTOKAIb TaseTH. Bb NOAHOY OHS NOMMJICA Bb WOCTeNIb UW La- 
CHIb JaMOy, HO AONTO Nexarb Bb TEMHOTB Ch PpacKPHTHMU 
TagaMH HW TpelleTHO Xaltb HesBaHHWxd rocreli. [loTomMb Ha 
pascBbrTB IpochMasich H BCNOMHMHATL: OHH MPHXOAATh Nepelb 
yTpom’. [locrb Toro OHb yxe 6o0bMe He MOb 3acHyTb. OD 
6HIb YNOBBKS COBePMeHHO 6aronayexHHH WH HH Bb 4M 
He saMBueHHHH. Ho MHCJIb 06% OTOMb HHCKONBKO He MOMOra- 
a.—PasBb Tellepb pas6upanTh? — roBopub OHDb ce6OB H eMy 
CTAaHOBHJIOCh elle TAmerbe Ha Wyors. 

Yro6y us6aBuTbca OTb oTOro, OHS Mepecenuuca BL Pux- 
IAHiW, HO Bb MunIAHAiM eMy OHNO eme xyxe. J] HeMS OD 
XOUHIb 0O IWYCTHHHHMb yIHUaMb H JBCHHMB OpoxkKam’d. 
OriaaHBasca Hasal>. Hakoro He OHN0, HH MIMiOHOBS, HH Lo- 
PONOBHX, HH axe MpocTo moze. How upuxonzusa. Oud J0- 
*KHICA Bb HOCTeIb, H BCE CyNIeCTBO ero Halparanoch OTB 
OKUTaHIA, saKyTKarO, IPHBHYHaro, moyTH Heo6xoguMaro. Ho 
O#UAaTE OHIO Hekoro. OND NOXy VbhIb, CTaNb paslpaxkurTesend, 
CCOPHJICA Cb CLYWaHHHMH 3HAKOMHMH H BCC OTHCKHBAIE MexXTLY 
HUM NOXOspuTeIbHHXb fet. 


AAUHHER BD Ratakaxaitia. 159 


Onn NOxHAIHCh Ha Topy MH MINH NO yskoMy IpoymKy Mexny 


‘IBYMA pAaMH CKBOSHHXb pbmeToKb. ga pbuleTKaMH OWA 


Waxune @uuCKie caquKH H AepeBAHHHA Jaqu. Tamb HH CAMD 
Bb OKHAXS MCbKAaIW OFOHbKH, KOTOPHe CBHISTCBCTBOBAIH 0 
TOMB, 4TO TadH ye 8aHATH. 

— Ckoubko uxt upibxano, — ckasanb MaToBb Cb HeBOJb- 
HHM® OOJlerueniem’s. Locab sToro Beyepa Bb HEM’ YRC BOSHUKIO 
CMyTHOe OlaceHie, ITO Bb KanakamaHy'b 6yqeTh CKY4YHO. 

— A BOTb NOCMOTpHTe,—ykKasarb HKuweBb. 

Ha mpaspoli croponb cpequ Oonbm0ro azBopa, ycaxkeHHaro 
PBAKHMH epeBbaMu, CTOATS BHCOKiH JOMb, JBYXb-2TAaKHHH, 
Cb OaliHeH HaBepxy H Y8KHM’b BHMUCIOME Ha AIHHHOM®S (piar- 
mTok'b. Bceb okHa cBepxy JOHH3Y, BKIIOUad HW OallHn, Onn 
apko ocBbujesH. Hab BepxHaAro eTaKka HeCAHCh 38BYKH op- 
TeviaHO H Becelne WBTcKie ronoca. DopreniaHoO Urpalo BaIbCh 
H WBTH, DOBHIHMOMY, Ouacanmu. Manenbkia ThHA UOMHHYTHO 
MeJIbKkaJsiH Ha OKOHHHXS sanaBbckaxb. Bb THUIMHB duyucKok 
epeBHH STOTb APKO-OCBBINCHHHH JOMb Kasaica BOUMeCOHNMS 
3aMKOMb, TOJHHM'S XHBOO IlyMa H BeCeJIbA. 

KnweBH Xu 38 YrNOMb Bb JJIMHHOMS OHO-9TAKHOMD 
om'’b, NOCTpOeHHOM®S CO BCBMH yHOOCTBaMH JatHOH apxuTeKTy- 
pH. Ko BcbMb YeTHpeMh CTbHaMb OHI OPHCTpoeHH CTeKOJb- 
GaTHA BepaHIH, Kaxklah Ch CBOMMb OCOOHM>) BHXOJ0M>b. Be- 
PaHAH DOXOAWIH Ha TeNIHUN 6e35 UBBTOBb, HO CHIBTb Bb 
HHXd OHNO TBCHO HW Heyno6HO. H3b-3a BHXb OHIO TeMHO 
HOW BO BCBXb KOMHAaTAaXt. 

Komuatnh OHH He6OJbIMIA, OH'B WTHIMCh 00 CTBHAM', BH- 
PAADHBaA MODCIBOOBaTHMH OKHaMH, Tab puyerca, u3b-3a 
CTEKIAHHOH COHHW UpucTpoer’sb. Bb WeaTpbB Joma Ona octa- 
BICHA CTONOBAaA, OFEHb OOUbMad H COBEpUIeHHO TeMHaA. SABCb 
Jame NBTOMB HeJIb3A OHNO CH'BTb 6e3> Tam. BHTb Moser, 
HeEH3BBCTHHM AaPXHTeEKTOPh CTPOHIb STY Wavy UO aHTHYHHMDS 


—O6pasiiam’b, Bb HOBbAMeH PHHCKOH Oepexbanb. Ecun6nH copBarb 


KPHINY Hab CTONOBOH, BMBCTO OObAeHHArO CTONAa YyCTPOUTb 
(OHTaHS; & KOMHATH KDPyroMb OOpaTHTb Bb CUaIbHH, TO 
BHIINO OH XOpollo yCTpoeHHoe ApeBHe-puMCKOe *KJULe. 

BopoweMd, Tellepb Bb HONyaHTHIHOH CTONOBOH OHO CBBTIO 
H YWTHO. boubillad BUCAYaA JaMua ApKO ropbaa Hadb KBa- 
WPpaTHHMb CTONOMb. CamMoBapb wnobIb. Bea cemba HKawesa 
cuabia Bb cOoph, onan OTHa. MaToBb cTasb CYHTAaTb, Ha- 
CYHTAIb BOCEMb MOJODHXb JMIb, MOTOMb BCOOMHAIb, ITO 
HYXHO pHOaBuTbh Mucw, MepecauTalb CHoBa H BHO yate 
OJMHHAAMAaTh. 

— Kakb TH youro, dalowka?—cb JerkaMb yOpeKOM® Ccka- 
gata xo3ssika Huwesy. 

Ona OHJa MaJleHbkas, ONPATHAA, Cb MEAKUMM YepTaMy Tua, 


160 YaHE SB. 


OMHOBpeMeHHO OXomas Ha Mucw uf Ha cBoero Myata. MaToBn 
OTMBTHIb, UTO OHA HasBana ero: ,HaloiKa“, TOYHO Takb xe, 
Kakb Maca. 

KpombB OMAaIIHHXh Bb KOMHATB OHO eme Boe rocrei. 
OxnHD OHJIb BHCOKIM MyR4IHHA, Cb pycow OoposoH H XHTPHMA 
riasaMM. OH HOCHIB pycckyW ofexTy, canorm cb Hadopoms 
H YpHYW CYKOHHYW NOWeBKY Cb AYTHMM CepeOpPAHHMH Tyro- 
BuIaMH. DaMuIia ero 6Ha SaBbANoBb. Ob OHI MeNKI DoMb- 
WIMKD HW 3eMCKIM TrHacHHi w8b ofHOK Bouxckoh ry6epHin. Bs 
neka6pB ero apecToBau, XOTBIH coclaTb BB CHO6upb, NOTOMS 
IpPeTNOKAIH CMY yBXaTb 38 rpaHHiy.—,da rpakuny He Corsa- 
CeHb,—CKazalib SaBLAIOBD,—a Bb letep6yprb nobay*. Bb Buy 
KOMMPOMACCa BUACTH UpeqNOKHIM emy ybxatTb Bb DAHAAHTIN. 
Ob xnHID BL Kanakarani'’ MBCaADa TPH, HO WacTO ‘BsAWITh Bb 
Iletep6yprh H Beh DeperoBopH O TOM, ITOOH ero Ha0aBHIH 
OTb (HHCKArO HsrHaHis. 

Mazo No May y Hero o6pas0Banoch Bb Nomsexamemb MB- 
cTb 3HaKOMCTBO, & NOTOMS axe cBasH. HW nesambruo Wa ce6a 
OHD 8a6PpOCHIb CBOM JHIHHA XJONOTH H CTATb XNOUOTATh 3a 
JIPyTuxXb, 38 APpeCTOBAHHHXb CTYJCHTOBb, 3&8 BHCaHHHX'b 
KPeCcThAH, 3&8 MONOZHXE WBBYDIERD, ,,JIMMIeHHHX CTOIHIH”. 

XION0TH WIM ycIrbuiHo, BpeMeHa 6H0H cMyTHHA. Hadaib- 
CTBO BCe O8HPaslOCh 10 CTOPOHAaMb H BHCMATPHBAO ,YeNOBbKAa 
Cb N7aHOMb“, AOCyxRaro aXHMUKa, KOTOPHH 3HaeTh ,CeKkpeTs“. 
Bb o7HO DpekpacHoe YTPO JaBbAIOB COBepMeHHO HEORAAAHHO 
NONYIHNS UpewwomeHie COCTaBATh YaCTHHH MpoekTb oaopo- 
BNeHia Pocciu... 

GaBbANOBh UPOCKTh HAaLMCalb HW NOMA, MOTOM Upibxarb 
AOMOH WM wRecTOKO Hanwics. [IbaHcTBO ero 6HNO Taxeroe. OND 
NOCTaBAh Ha CTONS OYTHIKY COUPTY, 3allephb WBepH, ITOH 
 *He BHABIM PUHAH, H XN00aNb pwoMRy 3a piwoMKok. H cmoTphas 
BB crbuy. EmMy Mepemmiuch Kakletspin, sagpie xXOUH, CTONH, 
NOKPHTHEe CYKHOMS, 4 Tpyin 6ymaraz, UBuwe BOpoXa NpoOeRTOBD, 
KaKIHH 3&8 HOMepOMb UM CB penpoBpogzutenbHoH OyMaroH: 
o6HoBIeHie apMin, OOHOBNeEHIe MUpOBOrO cya, O6HOBMEHIe HePKBA. 

— ODaTS NOMNO 10 cTapoMy,—GopMOTab OH'b.— OX, BH...— 

Herb yepest ABB ON NOBTOPHTE TOTS xe CaMHH ONT. 
[IpuBesb CUMpTy “8b ropoya, sallepcA uM BHO. 

Ero HacCMBOIIHBHH A83HKb CTaIb 3i'be, IBM pease, 
He pasb TOBOAMIb ero O ccoph Cb APYIMMH COHSrHaHHAKaMH. 

Apyro rocth 6HJIb XyoNaBHH, NOHYpHH, cyTyoBaTHH. 
OBB MOI4IAIb WH MOPUBIca, u MaToBy MoYeMy-TO WoKasaJlocs, 
"TO y Hero 6O0ATH 3YO6H.- 

KuweBb B8a'b CTAKAHS A DOACBIS Kb WORYPOMY. 

— Yo, Emexpaut Bacwibuyb, HSS TelerpaMMH? 

TlonypHii YeNOBBRE MONIa MWOKAGaIb ProuoBou. 


WAYHHEH BE RAXARANAHIS. 161 


— Jlacrs bors, o6okneTcs,—yTtimars ero Kanes. 

IloHypHH WeNOBBKE MONGaIb. Tonbko OHCTpO sallleBeIuTb 
T&IbyaMH opaBpoh pyK, Kakb OyATo Japan Kakol-TO HeBBAO- 
MHH OTBBTS. ; 

@Mamunia ero 6Ha ManopyccKas: Porars. ORB OHI Tex- 
HKD H8b OONbMOrO W:KHAaro ropona, A—HckKa. JJo nocrbanAro 
BpeMeCHH OHS XHIb, KAKL KXUBYTL BCB NAW, UMBIS Xopomiee 
mBcTo, cOepexkeHia Bb Kaccb, XeHY AH TPOMXb MaNOWSTHEXD 
ubrett. TloTroMb paspasaiach AeKaOpbckad cMyTa H POTMHCTpPh 
KimeMMunwbcKifi CTasib TPOABIATD MAuMiaTHBy. HayasHce 
HOrpoMH, CaMoodopoHa, Oappukaah KpacHHXb HW BOOpyxeHHHe 
NOXOAH YepHHX'b. . 

Emembanb Poray, BB Ooppob naptii He yuacTBOBaNb, HO 
Ha OBAY CBOW OHS BCNOMHETE 0 38aKOHHOCTH HM NOR6HTb MBb- 
WaHb KaOBaTbca ry6epHaTopy. Osb caMb Halucaltb manoby 
HM BCTABAIb BR Hee ABCKONbKO DUMKaBTHHXdb nonpodHoctes. 
KmlenmuouwAbCKii o6osnmica. OyeHb cKopo Porayy upHmiocs 
6pocHTh HacH:keHHOe M’BCTO BH yOBmaTb u3ab A—HCKa DpAMe- 
XOHBKO Bb DuAIABiW. SheHa He MOra MOCIBAOBaTh 3&8 HUM. 
Ona Oba Ha CHOCHXS H AOUxKHAa OHa CO WHA Ha AeHb Mosa- 
puTh EMeubauy Bacuabuyy yerseptaro Hac biaHkKa. 

Bh KanakanangB Porayb UpoxMBatb BTOpow MBCHIIS. 
BébctaH w3ab A—HCKa JOxoquIH ckyABHA. CrpamlHnWi poTMucTph 
pacheyaTHBasb MHCLMa, DepexBaTHBalb TelerpaMMH. Mao 
TOrO, H& OCHOBaHiH HepexBayeHHHXb TelerpaMMb MW He CMY- 
Iaach MHHIAHICKOH KOHCTUTyHieH, OH DOTpedosanb OTb 
Tenpcuurdopca BHAA ,O6Briaro yronoBHaro IpecTyMHHKa,. 
Emempana Poraga‘. 

Bpema mimo. Bb A—HCKB NOAroTOBIAICA HOBHH NOrpoM'. 
shen Poraya Bb OJHY UpekpacHyNW.HO%b HeusBbcTHHe JINTU 
epe6HH CTeKa Bb OKHaxb. Pow Toxe yxRe DOIRHH OHH 
HacTynuTb. A MexLy TBM U3BBCTIN OonbMe He 60. EMebAHD 
BacvIbHYb arb TelerpaMMy, Kakb OHNO BHOBb YCOBIeHO, Ha 
ayxoe ums. [loromb azpyryl. Ho we NONyIMN OTBBTA. 

— Q6oliyzetca,—yrbmant ero Upanb Mate buys. 

EmebaAHS Porayh B3qOxHyIb. 

— Hecyactoni a ieOBbKb,—CKasalb On OYCHb MPOCTHMS 
TOHOMD, KaKb OYATO KOHCTaTUpyA dakTb.—HecwacTHhA MOH 
WBTOUKH. 

— A 3agbMb BH wWh3nu? — CKazanb pasa paxXuTeJIbHO 
Kiawesb.—HxenH ABTOWKS Kako, He 3aVbMb OHNO IWB38Tb Bb 
peBOIWIID. 

— HA Bb Hee He WB3b,—CKa3zarb Porays Takxe mpocTo,— 
OoHa Cama Bb MeHA BJ'B31a. 

[ipumaa eme rocru. BeeHanHHb, HapoqaH y4dHTelE, 
OrpOMHHH HW HeyKIOxXIM, KaKb MONONOH xupadb, Hw ABa upia- 

Ansapp. Otgzbar I. 11 





162 T a Hb. 


Tera, MHTHHKOBS HW ApoHnch. O6a on OHM MpoBHHnialbHHe 
TaseTIARH H38b OFHOTO WM TOTO #e Topona, MHTHHKOBD 6B 
c.-p., Apoucb—c.-. BHayarb onw waabanu BMBcTB O7HYy Ta- 
3eTY H Ha ef CTONOUaXb Bellu ycepauyw nenemuky.- [loroms 
Kaki o68apedicd ocOOHME opraHomb. [lomemuka mpofosxKa- 
wach, HO Ckopo 068 raseTH WonanH NOoqb cyab.. Cyab mpo- 
ABMYNb ONCTPOTY H GesnpucTpacTie H BB OHH eHb BHHECH 
Ba upurospopa. WH 06a ruacHin: Ha OAMH'S TOb BB KpBMMOCT. 
Ocyx2eHHHe NOJeMHCTH Cnaciuch Bb DUAIAATIN, Bb HasexTb 
Ha ONH38KYIO aMHUCTIN. OHM MocelunuCch Bh TOCTHHHUB BS 
OHOMb HM TOMB ke HOMeps, Opadu OAH O6OSID Ha ABOUXh H 
pacxoa 7biuiH nononamb. Emme onHa yepta. Jlorne cnop- 
1UMKH, OHM He TW6WNM CHOPUTh oMa HW YXOQuIM ANA COCcTasa- 
Hii Bb TOCTH, Yaue Bcero KB Hawesy. 


IV. 


bru nepecbrn 3a OTZBIBHHH CTONB HW BecelO pasroBapH- 
Banu. ApgpeH [lerTpoBuyb onaATb CTanb cuutTaTB: 1, 2, 5, 11 a 
c6vsica. OHb He BHTepuBID H CHpocHab Kawoesa: ,Heyxenu 
9TO Bce Balu Wh?“ 

— QO, Hbrs!—xuB0 BospasHTb HKatoeph.— Hamiaxd mectepo. 

Onb YIAHYIb Bb AHTCKy! cTopony. — Hbrs, woctoiite, 
ceMepo. ‘ 

KpyromMb pa3cm'basucn. 

— Yero xe BH cm'beTeCh?—CKasarb Kuanesb.~—Eme [letra 
Hallb—JIeMAHHUE'D, Ha UpasqHuka upibxas. 

OHDb yKa3zalb HA MAaIbivka ABTh OATHagnaTA, pxAGorO, Co 
CTPHReCHHOH (ONOBOH HW OONbINMMM YTOMJICHHHMH YwiasaMyu.—A 
apyrie Bb FocTuH NpHwH. 

MaToBb oONATS DOCMOTpBIb W 6e3b BCAKALO Tpyla BHABIBIS 
IMeCTh YNOBBK'S, COOCTBEHHHX’D WhTeli Kuwespa. Bcb onn ONIn 
OFeHb CXO%KH, MAJICHbKIA, ONPATHHA, Ch AerKHMM JBYMReHLAME, 
Cb THXHMb YNPAMCTBOMD Bb uO. Jipoe 6HIH MaJIbaHKH M0- 
TOWKH, 06a r¥MHA8HCTH BTOpOrO M TpeTbATO Ksacca. Tpoe Apy- 
rUXb OHH 3HaYWTeIbHO MO0Ke. 

Cempa y Kuwepa 6a xopomians, Opyxnaa. Beb mbru 
HCNpaBHO yUHNHCh, He 3aThBanu ,uCcTopii“« Hu He MpocunH Je- 
Herb. Bnhobapokb, Kakiwii usb CTapwwuxXb AMBIbB CBepx- 
WTaTHH TaqanTb. Muca pucospana no dapdhopy, Baca urparb 
Ha ckpuuKsB. [BbyanguatTu-nbrHifi Matiola yoaqHo MacTepHJrb. 
THAIS 8aMKH, KIeHIb KOPOOKH, JAKHPOBANb CKaMee4KH DA HOM. 

KieBb ONATh NOCMOTPBIb Bb WKTCKYIO CTOPOHY. 

— Mamama, a raB yyntenb?—-cnpocuatb of, o6pamaach 
Kb xKeHb. 


NAWHHEH Bb KAIARAZABAB. 163 


— KamxeRKY INTAeCTS,—OTBBTHIA XOpOM Mianmia WhTH.— 
Mul 1030BeMb. 

— Bonogna, Buaquwips AneKcanyzposuyt! 

— Hny,—pasnaica roocb u8b 6okoBolk vBepH. Bb KON 
HaTy BOMeTb CTYICHTh Bb TYHXYPK'B A KOCOBOpOTKS, BHCOKIN, 
OBIOKYPHH, Ch WAHHHHMA PyKaMi HW BeNOBKUMH BH KeHIAMA. 

— A, MolOq0e ‘noKorbuie, — mpuBbtcTaopanhb ero Sapba- 
10Bb.—I Xb xe BH OpayeTech? MH TYTS TOTOBUME Ha BAC Ta- 
Koe aKTHBHOC BHCTYyMJenie... 

CTYHeHTb DOCMOTpP BIB HepiAsHeHHO H CYXO MosOpoBaica. 
OHD He MOIb YepxKaTb CMYWeEHIA Mpelb 9TOA WupoKol 6e3- 
WepeMOHHOH HacmbuikoH. Korga daBbaAOBb CM'BAJICA, Bb HEMDb 
Bce cMBau0ch, riaza, H 3y6H, H CepeOPAHHHA MYrOBHUH Ha 
rpyau, H HOCKH JaKkupOBaHHWXb candor. 

— Cwna, caqutech, Bononal—kpuyann whTa HallepepHBH, 
OWHMaA MBCTO Ha TOMD H HA APyroMh KOH cToma. 

CTYAeCHTb YHHHO NOAOMeTh, BIANb CTAKAH'’b, MONIa yobcA 
Cb kpal HW CTaIb COCcpeqOTOYeHHO UMTS Yall. 

Buagumipb AtexcaHypoBnysb IOpakuad Ob YINTeIb MiIal- 
DIHXb bret Kaneva. OnB Kab Y KaeBHXS BB ropowh u 
BMBcTh oepebxard Ha wary. Jiao y Hero 6H10 HENMAMUMOe H 
Fakoe-TO mepexogHoe, wbrckie riasa WH DOAOOponORt, tTpeso- 
BaBmift 6puTBH. [IpHBHukH y Hero Toxe OHH cMBIIAHAHA. 
Jl WeMb OHD POTOBh 6HI'b NPHHUMATb yyacTie BO BCBXB bT- 
CKAXD HIpaxt, Wake CKakalb Cb MaJIbIuKaMH H& OHO HORKB 
B3alyckH. A HOY MpocHxAuBaNb DO pascB bra Had Pusnocod- 
CKHMH KHATaMH. OND MHOFO YIATAIB Bh pasHWXb OTpacAaxh 
sHaHia. BB autTepatypb OHI DOKIOHHUKOMB Kamenckaro u 
HKHy3Muna, Bb DPuNOCOiu COHPATYAaANIHCTOMD H HHIMMeAaAHIeMb, a 
. BB DOMMTURS kpalivuMs WTbBHMd, WhBbe 9c-aposb. Bripowems, 
OH} HHKOrga He CHOPANb CO CTaplIMMH, H KWeBCKie TocTH 
CUHTANH ero WHILOMD. 

Cb ABTBMH y Hero OHM CaMHA IWpocTHA oTHOMmeHiA. Onu 
HasHBasn ero Bowoas, 4 axe Bontoabka, H WHeEMS 6e3b cTap- 
I#XS TOBOpHH emy: TH. Cuydamocbh, ITO WBTU pyrasnch u 
lake [ipanucbh cb Hum’. Ho, korga ob ybaxarh BB [letep- 
Gyprb, WSTH Waka, kallpH3HnHiadiu uM Bce Obratu Ha cTaH- 
in BHCMATpABAaTb IpHXosamie nobaya. B3QuIb Ob Bd L[Ie- 
Tep6yprb YacTo, OobileH YacTbHO BOSBpAaAllasicA Bb TOTh 2e 
JLEHb, HO, Clydaoch, MpomxuBarb Bb I[lerep6yprb aba uu 
Tp ABA. 

Yah oTMWJM, HO HUKTO He XOTBIb YXOMT. 

— MoxeTb, Bb BHHTb CHIpaeMh,—BHesalhHoO NpeANOKMIS 
GAaBbANOBL, HO Ha HELO NOCMOTPBAK Cb Upesp'buieMs. 

— HakoH BHHTb,—CkKa3sab BeleHanuut 6acomb.—H Takb 
SABHHTHIA Hach. 

1]* 


164 T AH 4b. 


OHb JNOHIS CTapHA, BCBMB aBHO B8HAaKOMHA OCTPOTH. 
Buopowems, ero J’BHCTBHTeNBHO 3aBHHTHAH. Co cryx6nH ero 
Wpornann, cOepesxxenii y Hero He OHIO, H XUTH OHIO COBCBMB 
HeybMb. Yai, BHOHTHH Bb FOCTAXS, WaCTO CYRUS eMy O6B- 
nom’. CTocnoma Huoesa cTapanach ero IPHKapMJIHBaTb, HO OHS 
YIpioMO YKNOHAICH H MocIB HBCKONEKAXD NOMWHTOK CTayb 
OTHOCHTLCA HeENpiAsHeHHO axe Kb WN. 

— Hy, apalite A8HKOMB BUHTHTh,—cCKa3zalb SaBbAOBb 
HacMBILIJIABO. 

O6mii pasroBOph BCHHXHYJb cpasy, Kakb MOPOXs. 

— Kro BHHOBaTh?—TroBpopHrb BexeHaAnHHD 6acom’, AbaK 
yuapenia Ha o.—Ilonalire Mab BHHOBaTAroO. 

— Kro xe?—ckazarb SaBbANOBb Cb XUTpoH yem'buIKoll.— 
KoHewHo, paBHTeIbCTBO. 

BenxeHaAnnadh CepXHTO 3acorBsb, BL OTBBTS Ba YCMBUIKY, 
HO MaToBb ycrbirb IpexynpenuTs ero. 

— Kro BunopaTh? My camu. Kro 6onbmie? 

Cb pasHHXb CTOPOHB Bospaxanu, HO MaToBb KpHyasb 
rpomye BCBXB. 

— Mu BuHoBaTH. MH Ipayemca 3a A'BTCKHMM COMAAMH, MH 
YCTPpaHAeMca, MH T03BOJIAeMb DbaTb Hab HAMM BCe, ITO 
yroHo. 

— UtTo xe HaMb WBIaTb?--CipocuIh BaBbANOBS. 

— MH JOJIKHH OCHOBaTh COOCTBeEHHYH TapTiN,—kKpHiarb 
Matos. 

— Oro,—3aBba0Bb CBHCTHYJ'b.-—Mad0 BaMb CTapHXb Ha 
Hallly ro.10By? 

— Maso, koHeqHO, Mano. Mu DOJRHH OCHOBATA MapTin rpak- 
ahh, DapTin Nops0uwHXS wpe. 

— Sl HeHaBMxxy NapTin,—cka3arb HeoxH_aHHo Huwess Ch 
[IPOH BE roc. 

— Hy, Bce paBHo, rpynny OesnaprifiAHx's. 

— HA 6esnapTifuyxh HeHaBHxXy. 

Ho MatosBb we cmMyulasica.—Bce paBHo, Kakb H T‘b, MH 
OURAN CIOTUTBCA H KPHKHYTh UwMs, MOM%:—,PYKH IpPOGb, 
JOBONbHO GesoOpasHudatTh*!.. 

OaBbANOBh HaCM'BOINIBBO CMOPOIWIbB ryOH.—Takb on 
Bach H DocaymanTs. BoTb ocTaHOBATS Ha HeBcKoMb TPBAVAaTb 
THCAYD YeNOBBKS W CTAHYTSH OOHCKUBATL;—H OYAYTb CTOATS, 
Kakb OapaHd. 

— Tlospombte,—BcKuobYb ApPOHCh,—pasoyia MaccH... 

— Ecrn6n A OND UpaBUuTeIbCTBO,—CKasaltb GaBbANOBh 
Cb BHesalHOH BOCThO—A ON BaM 1l0Ka3ab padodia MaccHl... 

— BH—udepHocoTeHelb,—ckazarb ApowCch Cb Tako me 
3N0CTbH.—Hapoghoe camocosHadie... 

— fl 6H BaMB ycTponyb HapomHoe camocbuenie. Posrn 


NAWHHKE Bb KAXARAXAHAS. 165 


MexaHHyeckig 3apertb 6H... Hbrb, A ON 3b BACh BHIHOB 
HCRPy llaMeHh... 

Onu cMoTphim Apyrb Ha Apyra, Kakb Bpara, HO MaTosb 
YcuBIb BHECTH NPHMHPHTeIbHYW HOTY. 

— Tocnona, noxso €cOpuTbcs,—CKasarb OH. 

— Yro namt abuutTh? MH BCH BHHOBATH A BCS CO3HAaJIHCh. 

— PaHbmle MH YKJIOBHANINCh, YBBpAIN: ,f He A H NOMA 
He moa“. Tenepb MaXHYH pykKOH H ckasalH ce6b uw mpasu- 
TeNBCTBY: ,J[&, MH BHHOBHH HM He 3aCyYxKHBaeMh CHHCXO*Re~ 
Hia. Byab, ITO Oynerh“. 

— Borb 9T0 1paBbla,—Ccka3a.Ib SaBbANOBL, YCWOKaHBaACh.— 
IlycTh 2B1aWTS Hab HAM, ITO HMB yrouHoO. MH cTepraMs. 

HM scB MoyyoMurpanTH, BHOATHe H3b NPABWIHOH Koen, m0- 
YYBCTBOBAIH CIPaBeANHBOCTh STHX'b COB. 

— Byntb, yo 6yzerh,—nosToparb ApoHct.—Ut0-HH6y 1b 
HellpemBHHO Oynerb. 

— TprauaTh WTS MH CHI'bIH CHAHCMB Y MOPA H AMaNMN 
TOroiH,—UpowomKarh Matosb,—tenepb moroya upunina. My 
TIIHBeME. 

— T]mwpemtb,—cka3arb ApoHCh—HO He 3HaeMb Kyla. 

— Kyna-HHu6yb BHIIHBeMb,—Beceylo ckasalib MatToBb,— 
Kakb Bb IWBCHS WoerTcs: 


Cmbao 6patea. Bétpowb noaHpii, 
Mapych moh HanpaBHd 4A. 


Jjawnuku pasBecenusuch. Ha crorb lOABHIHCh OYyTHJKH, 
O1Ha Cb CTOJOBHMDb BHHOM, Apyrah cb rycToh KopHaneBol 
HaJHBROH MBCTHALO MpOnsBOUCTBA. 

— CTapHkn, DaBaliTe: 3a00eMb,—peAOxNIb JaBbAOBb.-— 
STo camoe, ,Mope*. 

— sdanoemb,—cornacnsica Maross. 


Ho Tyga BbIHOCATS BOJHD! 
ToabkKo cmtaaro gzyuio#... 


CuoBa NWBCHH OHM YTOpAWs, BH38HBalis, HO BMBCTB Cb 
BecelbeMB y BCBXB OHNO COBCBMB Apyroe yBCTBO: OyATO 
Mope 6ymyeTb HM HOUb CTOHTS Hal’b MOpeMb HU Oepera HE 
BHAHO,—H OHH WJIHBYTb Bb OAKS, Cpe BanoBb, OKpyxKeHHHe 
NBHOW, HO He 3HaWTh Kya... * 

MaToBb BepHYJIcHh DOMOM Mo3qHO HOYbW. OHH DIM BMBCTB 
Cb 3aBbANOBHMDb HW ropopuaH o Kuarwoess. 

_— OrTyero oHD Takoh?—cupocnrb MarToBb H He 3HaIb, Kak’b 
MOPMYJIHPOBAaTS DasbMie CBOW MHCJb. | 

SaBLAOBR yCMBxHyscs:—Onb BONbHarO Oapana BO CHB 

yeaa. 


166 . TA HW ‘. 


— Kakoro BoJbHaro 6apaHa? 

— A nommute y IllenpuHa: AoManiInit Oapanb Bopyaro 
O6apana BO CHB yBUAbIb HW 8aTOCKoBasrb. Mbcra fe MOrb HalTH, 
yMepb Cb Tocku. Bots sto camoe. Onno y Ienpuna Henpa- 
BHIbHO. MupHHit OapaHb OWJTb, MAPHHH W OCTaICA 20 camol 
cMeptu. A Ha ZbrB BHXODUTS, ITO NOCTrB Takoro cHa y OapaHa 
6HBaeTh TOCKA CBUpbiuad H KpacHoe Bb riasaxtb.—H Bch MH 
Takie xe 6apaHH,—UpvOaBub OHb,—OapanH, 6a!.. Tocka cBH- 
pias. 

OHB BHIBIB y Kawesa HW Ha BOJbHOMS BOBLYXB ero paso- 
6padJio. 

Ha lepekpectkb ond pascTamucb uw MaToBb yJomerb 70 
cBoe KBapTHpH. Bemu OHM pasiomeHny. Cepesxa cnamb. Ho 
ExatepHHa CeprbepHa cuabia Cb 38aCHadHHMH iasaMa 4 
packiaqHBasa TacbAach. KapTh 6WJIM CTapHs, OOATHA 00 KOH- 
TaMb WM COBCBM’b YpHHA OTh yuoTpedsenis. f 

— Tu He coumb?—cnpocunb MatoBb Cb OBrIHMB HeY]O0- 
BOJELCTBICEMb, NPOXOAA Bb CBOM KaOnHeTS. . 

— He co1w,—BaN0 cKasana Ekatepuna Cepr’besna 4 lepeso- 
KUNA KOPORA. 

— MeHA KapayJHoIb,— cKasarb MaToBb capkacTHuecks, 
CHUM8A CHOPTYK. 

— J He Kapay1n,—ckKasata Ekatepaoa Ceprbespa—y 
MeHA JeHelb He XBATHJIO. 

— Kakb,—BOCKIMKHYIb ABpel Terposays. —i tanh Te6b 
NATHAeCATS pybset. 

— A Bch ucTpaTHna,—cKaszasa mena—H ele He XBaTHIO. 

— HKyaza BH, 6a6H, JeHBTH TpaTuTe?—pasapaxeHHo 3aro- 
BOpHIb MatTopb.—Bce BaMb Maso. Kakb Bb AMY OpocaeTe. 

Exatepuna Ceprbesua MO4ada HW DepekiaqHBasa KapTH. 

— Hab-3a Bach HeJb38Ah LAYMAaTb HH O Tem OaropoqeqoMh,— 
KPDHEKJIHBO CKkasab Maross. 

— SI He BHHOBaTa,—TYyNO CKa3zaa #weHa. 

— Ha He BHHOBATE... 

— I[pornatas qBepb!—Ougsb TAHYIb WBepb Ka6nHeTa KB ceésb, 
HO OH& He NOATaBaach. 

— XOTb ATS py6ne pat!—nocibmwo ckKasaqa ena. 
MaToBd CepHTO BHTANAIb KOMeIeKb UH BHTPACH CosepxAMoe 
ero Ha CTO. 

— Ha, o6upal! 

— daBTpa DonntTanch y Kuawespa 3aHATb,—TYMaIb OH, 
YKIaIHBaACh Ha JavHOMb MBabb HW CTapadch Nowoo6parb HOTH, 
KOTOPHA BCe Teperbsain wepesb OoKOBHA nepHbua. — Hy, 
2KH3HB.. 

4 nepers TBMb, KaKb 8aCHyTb, OHS WYMaNb 0 TOM, ITO, 
Bb KOHIA KOHUOBS, OHS CYIMECTBYeTh AIA OTHXb ReHUAH'S, 





\ 


NAYHHEH Bh KAXARANAHI#. 167 


fina CTyOH cb HAHBKOU, A Oia AHHChU Cb MOPORCHHHKOMS, H 
aia sTOH CHPOH JaMH Cb pacnyIeHHWMH BOoNOcaMHM. Os co- 
6paucb BOKPyrb Hero H RABYTH OTS Hero H Y HELO HHKOIMA 
He xBaTaerb JeHerb HA UX NoTpeby. 

— Hy, X3Hb,—OBTOPHAb OHS H CMY CTANO Rab CaMOro 
ce6a 20 KpaHHOCTH, IOYTH AO Cesb. 

— Yiita 6H Kyaa,—OLyMalb OHb,—a pasBh ons orny- 
CTAT. 

Ha 9ToH MHICJIIM OHS sacHyib. EmMy cousocb Mope. Ha mopsB 
6a OypH, HOOHM OTIJINBAIH Bb JIOLIKB, OHb HW KiweBh ¥ ApPy- 
rie MYRIBHH yaquKu. JlaMnW cTosuM Ha Gepery Cb Opuey- 
row Hw AbreMA. Ons 9T0-TO Kpnuann. Ho mymMb upy6oa saray- 
aj HXb roroca. Exatepuna Ceprbepoa cTosda Boepeni 
KpHyana rpomye Bcbxb. WH oOpAcnrymaBWIAch, OHB pasod6paJts: 
»jlaii MBB peHerb, Dali MH'B XOTb NATE py6reli“! 


Vv. 


Bt tomb Kawesa na yepAakB 6Hu0 Tp cBBTerKv. Bb HuXxd 
cian cTapmia whTH, 18a ruMHasucta Bybcrb ua Ileta ch yqU- 
TeJIeM’b, TORe BM'BcTS. Muca Nombijasach O1HAa, Bb MasIeHbKOu 
KOMHATKS, OKHO KOTOPOH BHXOZHIO HA BOCTOKS. 

ComHye TONLKO ITO B3IOMIO, Apyria Wbru ene cnamH. Muca 
BCKOUHNa Cb WOCTeIH, CyYHY1a HOrH Bb Tyi1u, NOTOMB HaKu- 
Hyta cTapy WlyO6ky, KoTuUpad CilyRua eM BMBCTO xXasatTa. 
How Bb CBBTeEAKS ONO OFCHb XONONHO, HO Telepb 6HCTPO 
Tenrboo. Bea KoMHaTa OHA 3auTa pafOCTHHMb, PYMAHHMS 
cBBTOMb. Muca BCTa1a OpOTHBd OKHA YH MpHHATaCch CMOTpPbTb Ha 
come. nasa ea cleannuch. Comaye cTalo 6oubm0e, KpacHoe, 
Kakb Oroub. Ono pasctuanoch Ha Nom-He6a. Ilotomb Bce He60 
CTaI0, KAKb OMMHD CUAOMHOK, INNaNmi KocTepb. Muca or- 
Bela rasa, HO BCA Tou0Ba eA OHa MonHa CBBTOMS, nepeas 
raasaMH Obraiv KpacHHe Kpyru MW Wake Bb yillaxh 3BeH B10 
apkoe, MaJIMHOBOe, TpeNemlymee nmaama. Much Ka3ai0cb, ITO 
Connie, STO—MOpe H OHA KyNaeTcA Bb HeMb, TaeTb UW He TO- 
HeTb, rOpHTb H He cropaeTs. 

Cros Bb COMHCIHHXS Wywaxb, MCA CTasla MONHTbCA APROMY 
cpbruay. Pasbme Bb ABrcTBb OHA NOCTOAHHO MONHIACb Ipo- 
CTHMH HAaHBHHMM CJlOBaMH. 

— Boxe, nomany many u Mamy; Bose, nownayi Mucio ui 
Bacw u 6patua Matwuy. 

Muca o6pocoBbcTHo nepecauTHBala BCBXb H HHKOLO He 
Iponyckayza. Tenepb Muca MomuNach He CHoBaMu MH Jame He 
MHCJIAMH, OHA MOJIHIACh OUYUeWiAMH, CMYTHHMH, ADPKHMH 
TpeneTHHMH. Kakb OygATo Ayola ea Oba o3sepo H COmHeETHHE 


* 


168 TAH tb. 


AYU WPasv Bb STOM Oseph BCIHMKaMA OTBSTHALO OTpaxke- 
HiA. 

Oua CTOANAa Wepeb ORHOMD, Kak'b NTU, TOTORad BaeTBT, 
M BCe TBO CA TAHYAOCh KB cBBTy. Ea pacnwymeHaHA KOCH 
UHIaIH 300TOMb H My6ka pacnaxHyiach H Do1yo6HaxeHHHA 
eqn corpbinch 4 Toposopbaw. Cile3H, KOTOPHA CTOAIH Bb 
eff Tazaxb, OHH Bb OHO HM TORKe BPeMA Ces PUsayecKaro 
ocibuueHia H fyuieBHaro ROCTOpra Hepeyzb HecTepmuMHMDd 
O6ecKoMb NO6BAOHOCHArO CBBTHIA... 

MaToBb NpOcHyJIcA Bb WeCATh 1acOBb YTpa HW TOTIACH Ae 
CXBaTHJICA 3a TaseTH. OTa Toe OHA HOBaA IPHBHUKa 110- 
cubguaro Bpemeuu. [Ipexye onb, OHBanO, He YHATaIb aserTh 
10 WBIHMS Hen'buaM’b. Jia H WTaTh OHNO HeYero. Telepb OD 
He MOrb XXHTb 6e3b raseTh, Kakb UbAHAIA 6e3b BoUKH. Uy, 
Kora raseTH 3aasqHBail, OHS HEPBHHYIS BH He MOlb IMTb 
yalo. HW Raxguii pash, Korda OH pasBOpaqHBaNb MCT, eMy 
Kasal0cb, ITO CeHGach OH BHIMTACTh YTO-TO COBCBMB HOBO, 
TMOpasHTeNbHOe,—4TO COBepMIeHHO H3MBHHTB TeyeHie ACTOpin 
HM COOCTBEHHYN) 2RU3HB ero, MaTosa. 

Bb TO BpeMA BOHA skCOponpianii TombKO HaduBasacb. Ho 
BO BCBXb KOHUaXb Pocciv upowcxoyunu yOilictBa, YacTbw M0- 
JHTHUCCKIA, WACThO 3araqOdHO-TBYCMHCNeHHHA, WIA IMpoctTo 
OesCMHCeHHnA. Baw Kas, 68H DorpoMy. Nas Basrilickaro 
Kpad exKeHeEBHO cooémlanH oO DJ'bHHUKAX, pascTpBILAHHHXS 
10 ROporb, ,upH NOUWTKS Kb OBrersy”. 

MarToBb Mpovetb TIMHHWM ATO BCeBO3MORHAaLO KPOBOMpO- 
JUTIA WH OULYTHIb 3HakoMoe BOs6yxeHie, TOCKIHBOe H 8aXxBa- 
THBalonmee. Jlyila ero Kakb O6yATO OKYHYWacb BB kpoBaByto 
BauHy. On BHIIAHYIb U3b OKA, OHIO CBBTIO UW THXO, UTHUM 
yupukann. lesb o6bmujaib OHTh ACHHH HW TeNINH, Tenrbe Bye- 
paliHaro. 

— Kyya waTH?—nolyManb oHb yHHIO.—Karkb a3beb 6e3- 
JuonHo! ‘ 

— PasBph MaxHyTb BB Ilerep6yprs? 

Ho yeub OHJIb BOCKpecHHH. MaToBy kKazasocb, 4TO Bb Ile- 
TepO6yprb oHb He HaligeTs HuKorO. H60 Bcb pas6peinch 10 
TAKHMb Ke THXHMb AAIHHMD 8akoyJXaM. 

OBB OOLMIe HE MOI’b OCTABATbCA Bb KOMHATS. Ons HacKopo 
AONMIb CBOH Yall, Ten, cnaqkif MH WHOKili, KakB Noca- 
IjeHHoe Je€KAaPCTBO, H BHOBKaIb Ha YI. 

Bb Katakanany& Oba TOUbKO OHA ROpora AA UporysoKs. 
Yepe3sb GeTBepTh 4aca OHS ODATb OHI BHUSY, Ha MOPCKOMS 
GOepery. Mope 6HJIO THXO, Kakb OyaTO coscbms sacnyno. Jlnub 
Waneko Boepequ OBB YpHHA TOURH Me] NeHHO ABHTaIuCh Ona 
BCABAS 8a Apyrou. ITO 6M PUuCKIA ToAKH. ONS Bxanu yepesh 
8aJIHBb Ha IpasqHUk’b Bb Hysucy. 





HAYHHEH Bh RASAR\AAHIB. 69 


KuesBh Toxe OHI Ha Gepery. OH CHUBB Ha DIOCKOMS 
KaMHB HW epxaslb Bb PyYKAXb Tako we PaseTHHH HCTS. 
Cuabib O0b CTpaHHo, Ha CAaMOMB kpaelikb KaMHa A OoubMe 
Ha KOpPTOUKaXxh, Kak’ TYMKAHYWKS, UH KY38HeIRb, TOTOBHH 
BCOPHTHYTb. 

— Korga xe 93TO KOHINTCH? 

MaToBbh Moq0merb W 6e38b TabHUuxb OObACHeEHIH TKHYIb 
PpyKOW Bb raseTHHi ucTh. OH 3a6HIb Jaxe WosqopoBarEca. 
Bupoyemsb, y Hero 6HJO Takoe omlymesHie, 1To Bb Kanakananas 
BOpOBaTbCA He HYRHO. OHH KIN, Kab Bb CMCKHHXD HOMC- 
pax® ofHol w ToH xe rocTuHuyy. HW noch Biepamiuaro Be- 
yepa MaTopy Kasasiocb, Kakb 6yiTO OHH eme He ycnbau 
pasctaTEca. 

KaweBb oKkaqaIb romosoH. 

— Ceprtoy6iiicrso? Hukorga He ROHYHTCA, 

— Bors mocmorpute! 

PayoMb Ha eckh carbia Bopoua HW KueBana pHOy. PHOa 
6HIa CBBTNaA, CBBxaA, OYEBHIHO TONBKO YTO H3IOBIeHHAR. 
Bopowa, 2ousHO OHTh, yKpana ee y pHOakOBD M8b NOCIBABATO 
yaopa. Hnu pw6a yma 135 HeBOZa HW NOTOMB WpvOurach Kb 
Gepery. lon cHIbHHMH yAapaMH YepHaro KBa BO BCH cTo- 
poHH JieTbia cepeOpaHaa wellya. 

— Kakb )AMb He yOuBaTh?—ckasalb Kuwesb.—UTAQu 
4 38BbpH, A BCA TBaph yOuBaeTb Apyrb Apyra uw ThMb u- 
TAeTCA. 

— To apaH, & TO 3BBpH,—BospasHrb Matos. 

— IIpuponza Boo6mye,—ckasanb Kunesb.—losopars: 1pasu- 
TeJIbCTBO KasHATb. A KTO WaeTb MpaBuTeNeEcTBy UpuMbps? Bea 
ipuHpoza uw camb bors. Iipwpowa mowilye KasHuTh, Ja Hudero 
He Nogblaelb. 

OH POBOPHIb MewbHO H CNOKOMHO H BpeMA OTb BpeMeHH 
ZaPAIHBANb Bb TaseTHHH NHCTb, KakB OyATO 9TO Oba Xapria 
IpHpowH HW OH BHYATHBAIb OTTYAa ea KecToKie MpPHroBopH. 

— TloHzemte kyya-Hu6ynb,—B3MomMIca MarToss. 

OHH DIM paOMB HW MONYanH. yma Matosa 6Ha OOMHTA 
BOJHOM XeCTOKOCTH COniaIbHOH MW Ouach Bb HeH, He Haxoua 
ucxona. Knwesb DNTaIca yliTH Aabie u riy6xe. Onb Ay- 
Mab 06% OCHOBAXS 2XH3Hu, 0 MupHH'S Miposmania. Bear 6nsa 
RECTOKOCTh, KPOBb, UHMIHaA POCKONIb, SOesyMHaA Mleqpocrh 
yOilicTBa. 

—. 3avbMb?—COpOCHIb OHD Bb COTHH pasb Cb TBMB xe 
YHHIHMb YyHBIeHieMh. 

OHS NOCMOTPBIb KPyroM’b, NOTOMB BBepXhb, Kakb OyATO 
OTHCKHBaA OTB'BTS. Ho BBepxy He OHO OTBBTa. BHO aApKoe 
couHye, Tenso0e, Kpyrsoe, KOTOPOS NOAHUMANOCh Kb 38eHHTY Bb 
6abanok chbBpepHow cunesb. Ho Kawespy nmokasanoch, 4TO 9TO 


170 T AH DS. 


COIHIe TposHve, wryyee, yOiicTBeHHOe, MoN0Xd, KOTOPHH y6u- 
BaeTbh WBTeH WU WbeTh CBBKYH KPOBb. 


VI. 


Muca 4 CTYAeCHTS TYAN BHONL Sepera, B8aNb B Blepe;'b. 
CryteaTb ropayo TOBOPHIb H pasMaXHBaATh pyKaMu, a Muca 
CY D1aJia. 

— QOH YManTS: OHM YMHBKR,—YToBOpuTh CTYeHTh. 

— A pasBb wbrs?—copocana mpoctoxzymHo Muca. 

— A BH CJIHXaJIw, Kakb OHH pasroBapaBanwTh, — CKasasb 
CTYeCHTH.-~-XOXATH BOKPYb 7a OKONO, KaKb BOPOHA KPYyTOMb 
gadopa 

MeneHHbiMb waroM, 
PoOKHMb 3Hr3arOM>. 


Muca yJIHOHyJacb. 

— He cmbitech, — 6ucTpo CKasanb cTrylqeHTb. —O, kakb 4 
HXB HeHABHKy. 

— 5 He cmBwcb, — oupaBaHBanach Muca. — A TOMBKO He 
8Hab, KaKb HYXHO XOMMTD. 

— Camaa kopoTkaa Jopora—mpamag, — CKasalb cTyeHTsS, 
M TpAXHYTb BOOCAaMH. 

— Xovellb JOCTHrHYTh WHI, BIH HW AOCTHTHH. 

— Kako BH cYacTIuBeLt, Bonoaa, — ckasana Muca 3a- 
BUCTIABO. 

— Ubmb xe CIACTIMBEHS? -— BOsPasHIb CTYLCHT, OHakKO 
yané6nyuca. EMy cTazo BecelO oTb 9TOH HanBHol nory6es- 
CO3HATeNbHOH JeCTH. 

— Kakb-xe,—ckazanta Maci#—iW2H XUBYTA MW OCTHrAaNTs. 
H spy smbcrb. A A ona H BD CTOpOHs. 

— Oro, — ckasab cryqesTs. — Jlmau He TOMBKO XxXHBYTH, 
IHL YMApawrs. | 

— Sl cMeptmH He 6oNCcb,—ckaszana Muca. 

bolica, He 6olica,—cka3a7rb CTYHeHTh—a BCe PaBHO N0- 
mepir Hao. 

— Tenepb BH CMbeTecb Hao MHO,—BocKIBKEyJa Muca.— 
Hbrb, a He Mory. BuagquMipb AsekcangqpoBayt, pana bora, 
HayyduTe, ITO MBB Whar. 

Ona NOAHAIa IHWO BBepXb HW Wake pykH Cnomuna. Hananu 
Ka3zaJl0cb, Kak'b OYATO OHA MOJIMTCA BTOMY AONTOBAsoMy OBbds0- 
KypOMy CTYAeHTY. 

CTYHeHTb MOIANb. 

— Sl pce oTgaMb,—ckKaszana Maca.—BosbMuTe MeHA, HCOH- 
Talite MeHA. 





RAWHHRH Bb RASAKAIAHIS. © 171 


— OtTyaTb erko,—Cka3adb CTYIeHTb.—BsaTb caMOMy y Upy- 
Toro, 8TO TpyaAHO. 

—- UTo B3atb,—HauBHO copocusa Mucas. 

— YUto 6yleTb HY2KHO,—OTPHBHCTO CKasarb CTyLeHTbh.— 
JjeHbru, TaKb JeHbI, *KH3Hb, TAK RXH3Hb. 

MHCA BayMalach.—aqBMb Opatb Way #XA8Hb?—cKaszala 
oHa.—JHa38Hb—JOporad BelIIb. | 

CryeHTb moxalb naewamu. — Onn OepyTb, MH Tome Ge- 
pem. 

— Ilyers raxb,—ckasana Muca pbmuterbH0.—SI uy BM'BCTS 
Cb BaMH. YKaxKHTe, ITO A DOUKHA ABIaTb. 

— SA yKamy,—cKasalb cTyJeHTS yBBpesHo.—A BH Gynere 
CAyMaTbca?—UpHOaBub OHS COBCBMD JPyTuMhb, NerKOMHCJeH- 
HHMb TOHOMD. . | 

— Byay, o6buyaw! 

— A KIATBY UpaMete? 

— Kaanyco! 

— Xopomo! — ckasanb ctyzeuTs. — Hy, nalite pyky, ToBa- 
pump Maca! 

Onu B8HIHCh 3&8 PYKH H BCTANH PADOMB Ha Oepery -MOpA, 
o6a MolOiue, Heapbine, Moxoxie Ha OCCHHUXS NTeHIOBb, KO- 
TOpHe co6upawtTca NpoboBaTb CBO #XHAKIA KpHubA. TopopuaAu 0 
CTPalmlHHXb Bellaxdb H OOBUlaNa 6pocuTb CyAb6OB Tako BH3OBD, 
Kakoro elle He OnBano. A Cyib6a MONda CiyMala W CcTO- 
powmHJIA... 

Yepesb apa AeA cTyZeHTS ybxarb Bb [letep6yprs. Ilepexp 
OTHB310Mb OHS CKasarb Much, yTO Hao YroToBuTEcA. bHA0 
YCNOBIeHO, ITO OHS HalHMmMerh el u3b [lerep6ypra. 

Ha apyrof# yeah yTtpomsb Muca coxuna HeMHOro OBA Bb 
pywHow cakb H CTana x#aTb NuCbMa. Ona Corba Bb CBBTeEIKS 
y OKA H BCE NPHCIYOIMBaANACh, He HAeTS IH NOIabous. Ito 
eli UpeCTOHTh, OHA He 8Haa, TOILKO AOraaqWBasach, TO mpel- 
CTOHTS YTO-TO CTpaminoe H HomHOe ru6euu. Ho et He OHIO 
cTpamHo. Jlymia ef CBepHYMacb, Kakb CTabHad IIpyxuHa 
OMAHNala AYROrO HaKHMAa, ITOOH pasBePpHYTLCA H YJ apHTb. 
IIlpyxuna 6a TBepiad H cIrbnag. H ona He ZyMasa 0 TOM®, 
Kya yoapuTs. WH eme Menbile oacatach CIOMHTBCA pH 
yaapb. Bb cyMHocTH roBopa, 9Ta THXaH MayleHbkad hsyuika 
yxe ya W8b KH3HH A OHa 10 Apyryh cTropouy Py6ukona. 

IlHcbMO UPHMIAO Ha Apyrol TeHb kb Beyepy. Ono BCe Co- 
CTOA10 H8b OfHOH cTpoKH: ,boubmMad Tomuiuna yuna, 11. 23. 
CeroiHa Bb WeCTh 1acoBh Beyepa*. MUCH TOTYACD me CKasaa 
MaTepH, ITO BueTh Bb Ilerep6yprb Kb NOAPyFs, BeANAa Cakb u 
Homa Kb cranyin. Uepesb TpH yaca ona 6HWa Bb KBapTuph 
23-eH, Bb omb HoMepd 11 no TomuauHoH yuuub. Bb ksap- 
THPb KHIH WhByuKa M Ba MONOAWXDb YeNoBbKa. Buagumips 





172 ° T aA Hb. 


AslekcaHapoBuyb 6HIb 3a%bcb. Ob MosHakoMMIb Much Ch Upy- 
TUMH RUIbUAMH KBAaPTHPH HW TOTIaACh xe yMerb, noodbuyjaps 
IIPHATH 3aBTpa BeWepoM. 

Muc®B oTBesiH KOMHATY Bb OHO OKHO, KOTOPOe ynupanoch 
BE IpoTHBOnONoxHyW crbay. Apyrie xXIbON 3a8HHMala TD 
KOMH&TH, KOTOPHA HMM OCOOHHA BHXORD. KBaptTupa, NOBALE- 
MOMY, 6HJIa KOHCOUPaTHBHaA Nadopatopia. XosAeBa 3aHHMaJIUCh 
ONHTaMH, BOSHIUCh Cb KuCIOTaMH. Y HHXb OHM OATHA Ha 
miaThb. Y OAHOro Ha Natbusb Oba cBBKaA paHka, saluTan 
KONNOTieMb. 

Mucs, BUpOyeMb, MaslO HHTepecoBasach XO3A#eBaMH HW NOITH 
BCe BpeMA TpoBela Bb CBoeH KoMHaTS. Osa OHA CoBepmleHHO 
COKOMHAa HW axe JIOOONHTCTBO ef OHIO MANO 3abTo. 

— Yro sTo 6yzeTbh? — cnpamuBasa ona Ce6H H OTS HeYero 
WhiaTbh pHcoBana ce6B kapTuHy 3a KapTHHOH: 

Borb 0Ha punta Ha UpiemMb BB OduniaubHoe MbcTO. BH- 
IWe€Ib MONOAOK aXbOTAaHTh Bb MYHDUp'b, CO 3BOHOMS DINOps. — 
»MabB HYXHO BHABTA ero B.-1—cTBO.“—Ilepenb neh chron 
CTAPURS Cb OOPHSIHM JHIOMb HW PycTHMH OBINMH OakeH- 
Oapnamu. Ona Bb YPHOMb MeNKOBOMd Diath b. BR pykKb y Hea 
NMCbMO Ha& TOJJCTOH aTiacuctoh Oymarb. Bb KkapMaHB pe- 
BOJbBEPb... . 

— Wn, OHTb MOxKeTS, 9T0 6GyeTh BHAYe, — roBOpHAa ona 
ce6b,—u eH NpescTaBlanach Apyraa KapTuaa. Kapera Hecertca, 
chepeqH padantH, Caaqu BelocunequcTH. Ona CTOHTB Ha 
TpoTyapb WU xeTb MuHyTH. Tpaxy! Jlomagu ObwTCa Ha 3emMrb 
Ch NepeOMaHHHMH HOraMH, KYYepb OTMeTHI Bb CTOPOHY. 
Tlepenb KapeTow KkpacHad Jlyxka WM kKakia-TO CBpHA JIOXMOTBA. 
Ona Toxwe WeRHTE Ha 3emI'b. Bb TpyaH y Hea xXerbsHHii ocKo- 
JOKb HW WWaTbe Bb KpOB. ,Balle HMA?‘ — 3n0e AHO HakJO- 
HACTCA Hab Hell H 3azaeTb BOUpocs. ,fl He xouy OTBbyaTD 
Ha Balu BOpocH!*—,Mu 3acTaBHMb Bach OTBBIaTB. — yrpo- 
xaeTh MPOTHBHHKS. 

Ona pao Jersa CoaTh UW MO0aKHO BCTana. Buagumipb Adek- 
CaHIpPOBHIb He UPHIMeIb Bb HasHayieHHoe BpeMA, HO Maca He 
Gesnokoutach. Bb MomHOUb UpHuiau pApyrie, whiah sckalpa. 
Y HHXS 3BeHBI DIMOPH HW Bb pyKkaxd OWAM CBBTINE PeBOJIb- 
BepH Cb BaBeXeCHHHMY KypKaMH. JHWIbUN KBapTUpH 3a0eplAch 
H OTKPHIM Hepectpbury. Ocaga Wuiachb 4aca YeTHpe UW HOT- 
HHM'D IIPHMeIbUaMb MPHUIVIOCh BHIIOMaTb Tpoe ABepeH. Myx- 
YHHH OfHaKO ycubIu yuTH 00 KpHulamMb. Ho 2xeHnIHHa He 
yuna. Ke yOusla WasibHasd OYA, OTCKOUMBS PHKOMIETOMB OTb 
CTBHH. 

Kak TOJIbKO pa3iasHcb NepBHe BHCTp'bin, Muca nocnbuino - 
OWbacb, HO H3> KOMHATH He BHXoOAMTAa. Korga NONMUIA BOA, 
oHa CHa Ha KpOBaTH H walla, UpACyouBaacb. Ke o6HcKasuH, 








JAUHBEA Bb KAXABRASAHAS, 173 


HO HH9ero He Hallun. XoTbid cBazaTb eH PyKU, HO OHA DOKa- 
gatach HMb Yepesiypb MaJleAbKoH uw xXankow. Ilovomsb ee mo- 
CaqviH Bb KapeTy H MoBesa Bb KpBMOCTh. 


VIL 


JlomanH Maamncb. Kapeta KoJInXasacb Ha peccopaxb. Orga 
RapeTH OHM 38aBbWanh YepHwMS. Muca Upusanach Bb Jb- 
BOMb yray. Bb kapeThé 60 TBCHO, H OH& HHCTHHRTUBHO CTa- 
pastach CobiaTbca ee TOHbMIe Hw MuHiaTOpH be. PanoMB ch 
He CHIBIb o*uveph, BHCOKIH, CTaTHHU, TYTO 8aTHHYTHH Bb 
MyHIup’>. JInu0 y Hero GHI0 MONOR0e, KpacHBoe, HayMeHHOe 
H J0HHHHe YCH Cb KpbuokuMu KOHUAaME. OAD epmanca 6n- 
TeJIbHO H HeECHOKOHHO. OMHHD pasb, Kora OHS HarHyJCa BB 
cTopoHy Mucu, KOHIMRD ero whBaro yca 4yTb 3anbrB Mucw 
Tl0 mer’. 

Ha npoTupononoxHoK cKaMelkB cuban Ba RAHTAPMA. 
O6a 6H OrpoMHHle, OescTpacTHHe, Bb I0THO MpursaHHot 
ofexab. Y o60nxXt OwAu OombMiA PYKU Cb TIKHHAWMA, Kpbr- 
KHMH, CJlerka pascTaBIeHHHMM ManbuaMH. Bcb weTHpe pykA 
WeKasIH Ha KON BEAX'. OTH PyKH Wyranu Much H OHA 3aKpHBaa 
rasa, YTOOH HX He BHI'BTD. 

Bopota Cb rpOXOTOMb PaCKPHJIMCb, NOTOMb 8&KPHJIUCb. 

— II[ponry,—ckasanrb oduneps. 

Muca BHIINa H3b KapeTH H CA'bilala Warb Blepe;'s. 

— llo3BombtTe, — CKkasab odunepb UH TpPOHyIb Mucw 3a 
neyo. Maca Baapornysa H OTOXBHHyJlacb. OAHHB xakyapM' 
OWYTHICA CHepenn, Apyrow caayu. 

— Pash ya, pasb Ba! 

Muca olina Bb oqHOH HHI Cb cBOeH CTpaxeli, H He- 
BOJIBHO CTapasach M00asaTbh BMb Bb HOry CBOMMH JerkKuMu 
HOMKKaMH. 

MebKHYIA WHpokia cBHH, JAaBKH y CTBHL, CONMTaTH Cb 
pyzcpamn. Ilotoms Mucw BBentu Bb KoNTOpy. Hayanca o6HCKS. 
MucA DOIHHANach MaccHBHO U GesilpekocoBHO. Ona OHA Bb 
HX UpOBOPHHXh pyKaxh, Kakb Belllb, KAaKb pascuadueHHad, 
KaKb RepTBa runHosa. 

— Tepeonbuprecp! 

Muca vepeorbaacn. 

— Tenepb noxasryiite! 

Mnca ola 3a ,IIpHCAxHHMb“, CTYYa cb HeNpuBHUKu 
CHHDIKOMS OMpokuMa KoTaMu. Crpaxb o6epHysica wu MOMOp- 
musics. Y Hero 6HI0 CypoBoe AHUO, OKNaqMCTaA uepHaA 60- 
powa MH HOrH ero OM OOYTH Bb MALKIN BaJleHKH. 

— I[lomanyiite cwza! 





174 PAHS. 


Jipepb pacnaxHysacb. Muca Bolla Bb KaMepy H JBepb 
ONATh 8AUaxHyIach. SBAKHYIDb OMMAL 3aMOK'b, DOTOMS Apyron. 
Kamepa 6Hila OoJIbIad, CO CBOAYaTHMS DOTOIKOMS. Crban 
OHM OkpallieHH MacuAHOH KpackoH. Ch bBo CTOPOHH Ona 
Koka MW xKerbsHWh CTOMMKS. SIpko CBepkasb BYbIaHHHK Bb 
caMyl0 CTbAY TOUCTHH CTeKIAHHHH Tiasb MowapA Cb 91eKTpH- 
Gecko JaMooH. 

Bb 3anHei cTbab 10% CaMHMb DOTONKOMB YepHBIO OKHO, 
Bce Bb WCTHXb KBadpaTaxdb Meukaro CBMHWOBaro Mepensmera. 
Muca nofoliia H Ipotanyla pyky, HO pyka ea He JOCTana 
axke 20 NOMOKOHHMKAa. Ona OompasHa MOH XajlaTa, noBep- 
Hyla Ha3alb H Ipolldta NO KaMepb HaHCKOCh H3b yria Bb 
yroub. Horu ef nomad Bb TPONMHKY, BHOUTYN Bb aciapro- 
BOMB TONY HOraMu Apyruxdb, WpexHuxd OTBHHHHOBB. Ona 
ONATh MOBepHYNach, Mpolisa 00 TPONUAKS WO 3afHaro yrua u 
Goble He COMBaIach Cb Hes. 

Bp KaMepsb 6n0 THxO. Jlamma ciana. Ha KaxoMb mary 
TYDPIM Wapkantu 06% NONb, H MON XaJlaTa 8axOA4IH Apyrb 3a 
upyra MW XJIOMaIv, Kakb 6yoTo xBaran Mucw 3a Horu. Mucb 
Kazal0Ch, YTO OHA CJINIMIMTb, Kakb ObeTCA ef cepaue Kakb 
KpOBb CTYWHTh HW MepeHBpaeTcA Bb BHCKAX'b. 

— Moruuia,—nonyMata Much H HeOxuAaHHO BaLporsyJa. 
O& OKHOMB pa3qaJiIuCh 8BYKH, IPOTAMHHe, wXaOOHHe, KAakK'b 
6YATO KTO yHapATd 00 MBOHHMS CTpyHaM’db JerkKuMH IWepiita- 
BHIMH MOJOTOUKaMH. Ta TH, Ta TH, Tal.. 

— Yo sTo?—nogzyMana Muca.—Ax® a, sTo KypauTH. Ou 


‘ONHH He MONYaTh BB BTOH SesMONBHOH KpbUOCTH. 


KypauTH 3anrpasia Ww cMonmKau. Muca noma no achaibTo- 
BOM TPeNHHKS 43b Jria Bb yrorb. Pasd Ba, pasb Ba. Ona 
He COHBasach H He CBOpaqHBalla H XOAWa Cb HeYKIOHHO 
pPaBUbHOCTBN, Kakb MeXaHHyecKkad KYKa Ch s8aBeyeHHOW 
npyxunow. Korga ona la OTb OKHAa, Oa BU'BIA [Bepb, Iep- 
HY}, BHCOKYN, TAKeLYN, OKOBAHHYH xXeTbs0mMb. Korwa ona 
Ia OTh ABepH, OHA BH'bIa ObNyH cTbHyY H Bb CaMOMd 
BepXy WUpoKoe, MPHMIWCHyTOe OKHO Cb MeJKHMH DHAbHHMA 
CTeKIaMH. 

Ona HH O FWeMB He AyMasa, XONuNa, Xoquaa. Horm es cTa- 
HOBHJIMCh TAKeNbe, CiuHa OkocTeHba. Bb kKaMepb HHKOTO He 
Ono. Ona Wake He CO3HABalIa, ECTb JIM OHA CaMa HH eX yxe 
HBTb H OH& TOTOHYa BL 9STOH TyNOH OescosHaTenbHor 
THIS. 

KuauKy! 

Jlerkili DenKawolit 8BYKB pasyasicaA 3a ef coHuHOH. Muca 
CHOBa B3porsyla, Kakb OYTO KTO ee yYKOJONb c8aqe u OHCTPO 
o6epHydacb. dauBUxXka NOTHAIach, CBEPKHYJa CTCKIAHHAA Waa 
CTHHKa ABepHOrO ,.aska“, Bb 11acTHHKS MebKHYIb YeOB 











JAYBHEH Bh EANAKANABIB 175 


qeckift rash, WepHHw, Kpyruwi, noAcTeperawuis. WoToms 3a- 
ABHRKa ONMYCTHIACh H KTO-TO OTOWEeNb OTH ABepH TAXO, NOYTH 
BOSAYOIHO, Kak KOWKa HH HOWKaA THA. 

Kro 9T0? Muca BCNOMHHJa cTpaxel, HO He MOra CBA3aTb 
HXb Tpy3HHA MArypH Cb STHMb TAHHCTBEHHHMD B3rADOMS U 
JerkuMH DBwKeHIAMH. Y Hel OCTAIOCh Takoe YBCTBO, Kak'b 
OyATO Bb [lasOKb BarTAHYIb KTO-TO Cb TOYO CBBTa, OesnNoT- 
HHY, O0acHHH HM TauBCTBeHAHG. 

Ona onucana Kpyrb Do KaMeph u BCTana y 3aqHet cTbaH, 
JHUOMb Kb raasky. [uasokb we ToaBuMasCA. Bce 6HN0 THXO. 
TombkO KYypaHTH Tpourpana cBol IIpH3hBb, pasb, Apyrod, 
TpeTi, TeTBepTHH. 

— Konb craBpenb!l—sasBen blu KONOKONSYAKH PA'B-TO Waeko, 
Ha HeHamMbpumof BHcoTb. H MucBb nokasanocb, 4TO OHH Tome 
8BYWaTh OTTYMa, Cb TOrO cBBTA. 


He MOKeTb BbIMONBHTL A3bIKD!.. . 


OHAKOMaA MeJOJiA OHA Bb BOsyxhb, HO KypauTH mbu 
6e3b COBB H CaMH CO6OM NOMcTaBIsIuCh HHHA HOBHA CJOBA. 

— Tocnoyqp penukt,—nban kypakTH. 

— Hasbr, HaBbKS!—paslapaJocb Bb ymaxb Mucu. 

KypasaTH yMOIKIM. Muca 0pucnymanlach, CTapadch yOBUTb 
HOcIbAwie 3ByKH MeNOZIM, IMOTOMb OCTAHOBHIACh MW MOCMOTp ba 
KPyroM5. 

— To CY IHNOCh? — Tony Maa OHa Cb TYNHMB YAMBIeHIeMS 
H TOTUACh Ke Bb ex yMb BCIAHIO, KAKB CTPabHoe 9X0. 

— Bame uma? 

— Omunia Kawesa. 

— IIpusuaete um BH ce6a BHHOBHOL? 

HW yrpeMya oTBBrs: ,f1 He XOUY OTBBIAaTh Ha Ball BO- 
mpocnu’*. 

BHO 9TO HH He 6HI0? BB ef yMB BCIIHNa Apyraa kKap- 
THHAa, JuKad WH CMYTHAA, Kak’ cOHb:—I piemaag. Monozol arbw- 
TaHTb CO 38BOHOMB mnopb. — ,MBB Hy#KHO BHIBTD ero 
B-.-cTBO*. CBa0# cTapHkd Cb OOPH3rAHMS AMUOMB M rycTHMH 
GBunHMH OakeHOapfamu. OHa Bb YeEPHOMS MICIKOOMB NAaTy'B. 
BB ef pykB ouCbMO, Ha TONCTON aTnNacucToH Oymarb. Bs Kap- 
MaHB peBOJbBept... 

BaJI0 9TO, HAH He OHIO, TONRHO 6tz10 OHTb, HO ele He 
On107 

Muca nocmotphia u yBuybua yepHyw Bepb, okoBauHyW 
Ke'B30Mb. 

— Janouka,—nolyMana ofa.—bobile HHKOraa He yYBUHKy. 

Yto-to 3aropBs0ch Bb eA TpyAH HW yO CMOPINHINCh, KaKb 
Hepexb mayem’b. Ho cuesb He 6H0. Ba roprb Ons0 cyxo, 





. 


176 T AH ‘bs. 


ro0Ba UhJana, Bh YyUaxb 3BeHBIOQ H KpOBb Onacbh BB 
BHCKaX'b. 

Ova IpHcNOHHNAch Kb CTbHB, CTapasch OCBBKATH CBOW IH- 
HAaWMYN LooBy. 

Tykb, TYKb, TYKb!—onecca cua6uli CTYKb, Kakb OyATO 
MHIUb CKpe6rach WIA Kal BOAANA Malan W3‘b-1OXb Kpana. 

Muca lpuciymanach. Past, 1Ba, OATS, CeMb. Kakb OyyTO 
ATeENb CTYIMTH O DAaseKoe AepeBo, ca6o u OHOSBYIHO, H He 
xoweTL Depectats. 

Mucs cTanta CdHTaTb yuapH. Jlatenb pocryyanrb ecaTs 
pasb H OCTaHOBHICA. Muca lepexaaga CekKyHAY H MallIHHalbHO 
CTYKHYa Bb cTBHY. 

Tykb, TYKb, TYKD. —ONATh Havanb water. Muca nacu- 
TAIa& BOCEMHAAUAaTh pas'b JO HOBOH OCTAHOBKY, NOTOMDb YeTHDp- 
HaguatTb. Ona CIHTaa CHOKOHHO HM MA&lIMHaJIbHO HM TOTOMY He 
cOuBaack. 

— 10, 18, 14.—YUte sto Takoe?—cmpocuia OH&a MHICICHHO H 
TOTUACL Ke OTBBTUIA. 

— OTO as6yKa. Tamb, DOUXHO OHTb, IENOBBK CHIUTD. 

— Yo Takoe 2ecaTb?—nOyMaa OHa CHOBa H CTala C4dH- 
TaTb. a—l; 6—2; e—3. Jlecatb—x; BoceMHaqUaTb—m; weTHp-. 
HaywatTb—o; x—m—0o; KTO? 

latex) cTywarb Jalbile, WpoctyyaTb TPH pasa, NOTOMB 
JIBaLWAaTh WIeCTh pas. 

— Kro BH?—coo6pasnaa Muca. 

Ona cTauta OTBBYaTh, MeTJeHHO, Ch OQIbMIHMM MpoMexytT- 
KaMH, BHCYMTHBAA OyRKBY 3a OyKBOu:—Hawesa. 

— Jib10?—cryyarb AATerD. 

MW Bapyrb MucB nokasaoch, ITO 9TOTS CTYK'S, KAKD BIPIATS 
cTpaxka H 8BOHS KYPaHTOBh, TOKE IPUXOAUT OTTYAa, CHapyxu, 
Cb TOrO CBBTa. 

— Kakoe uMB WbN0?—nOLyMala OH& CepaHTO H OTOIIa 
OT CTBHH. 

Jiatexb eme mnocryyarb. DToromb HweoxugaHHo rias0Kb 
NOWHANCA H ONycTHICA O6paTHo. 

— Takb uo ecTb,—nozymMana Muca—ne Hy2xHO OTBBaTB. 

Bh cocbaHeh KaMepb OpARHYJb 3aMOKb HU JBepb 38a- 
ckpunbia. TaMh, ONT MOxKeTh, TOBOPUIK, HO H3b-3a% TONCTHXDS 
CTBHS He OHNO CIHIIHO HH 8ByKa. 

Uaterb Mepectarb CTydatb WH yroMOHUJICA. 

— Cnatbh mary,—ootyMana Muca, nofomia Kb KpoBaTH H 
HoqHANa orbano. Ho Kak TONLKO OHA Jeria H 8akpHa rasa, 
ei CTalO CTpallHoO H Bb MO8ry OCTPHMB OJeCKOMb 3aXKTIACh 
6UUTeIBHOCTb. 

— Euie mpuayrb Bo cHb,—noayMasa ona. 


4 


XJAUHHEH Bb KA XAKANABAS. 177 


Ova BCIOMHHIa JHUa UPHCAKHHX'S, Wuporia uazew, 60- 
POwH, B&IraAdH, yuopHoe MouyaHie. 

— Heb3a cuatp! 

Ona IpoOBOpHO BCTaNA Ch NOCTeMH, CHANIA Ch oHAapA KOSs- 
HWavoKhb, yMeHbMaBmi cBBTb, H OUATE Toma Bb 8HakoMoe 
yTemlectsBie: JBepb-OKHO, OKHO-Bepb, — KaKb MAARTHHRD. JIg- 
TeIb CTYIaIb, HO OHA He CuyMana. KypanTH OHH YeTBepTH 
H Kamwjad YeTBePTh TAHYJACh ONTO, TOCKIHBO, H BpeMA KAS 
6yATO pas6HN0Cb HA YACTH, OTTOPOReCHHHA SBSBYKAMH, H OTD 
STHXb BBIHHX®D MeperopowOKb CTano, Kakb GeskoHewHaa sber- 
HHIa Cb MCJKHMH O2HOOOpasHHMH CTYMeHbRAaMH. 


VU. 


Jisa DHA Upomuso. Maca Huyero He Bua uM NOTH He CHaqa. 
Bow HOUb BB KaMepb O6n2b cahrs. Mporga noca'h no1H04W 
Muca caqplach Kb CTONY, ONYCTHBS TONOBY Ha PyKH H 38a6H- 
Baswacb YYTKOH TpeMOTOH MHHYTS Ha NATb, Ha WecaTs. Lorom, 
KYPaHTH O41H Hw OYA ee, OHA BCTABaAa H YXOMMIa Ha IPE- 
BHYHYN TPOUHHKY. 

BNO 9TO, BIH He 6H0?—yMana ona. Hii opencTaBlagace 
HOBad CMYTHAaA KapTHHa: KapeTa HeceTCH, chepean mpadantH, 
e3ayqH Beloculeaquctn. Ona CTOHTS Ha TPOTyapb H RLeETh MH- 
HYTH. 

— Tpaxs! Jlomanu O6bDTCAH Ha BeMIB Ch DepenoMaHHHMu 
HoraMu. Kydeph. oTnerbsrb; epelb KapeToH kpacHad Jysta Hu 
Kkakia-TO CBPHA JOXMOTBS. Ona Toe BERUTS Ha BeMI'b. BB 
FPpYAH Y HeA xecB3HHH OCKONOKb H W1aTbe BE KpPOBH. 

— Bame uma?—d3so0e muno Haru6aeTca Hah Heli H BalaeTD 
BOMpOct. 

— AH He xOdyY OTBBYaTH HA Ball BOUpOCcH. 

— MB 3acTaBHM’b Bach oOTBbwaTb, — yrpoxaeTh UpPOTHB- 
HUKE... 

AaTexb CTYWNb YTPOM Hu BeyepoM, HO Muca He OTKIA- 
Kajlacb. JipepHol riazs0Kb WeiKalb 38 eA CIHHOM. Ona Baapa- 
rHBasa, OOopainBasach, JOBHIA HadnMAanmin raasb. [TloTroms 
3a BURKA Dafata. Much UATHAACh Kb CTAB U Domo cMoTphaa 
IMpOKHMM PiasaMH Ha KpBUKYN, JepHYN Wseps. 

Ho Kb Beyepy TpeTbATO HH, Kora ona O6epHyach Ha 
CTYKB 8a0BHKKH, eM TOTUACh we WOKAsANOCb, ITO 88 eA CUB- 
HOH, Bb CTBHB Ob OKHOMS, TOKe MCIbHYIa KakaA-TO Mpo- 
BOpHad TBH. 

Osa o6epHydJacb Hasan H HHYero He yBuAbIa. SaTBopL 
yarb 3&8 ef COUHHOM. Ona O6epHyach Kb DBepH, NOTOMD CHORA 
RB ORHY. T'bHE DepeObaeana no crbub, copatanach BB yray 
H N0TOHYJa, KaKb OYATO MpATaHach, BHIKE LAA. 

— Unyrs,—nonyMana Muca.—Cb DByXxb CTOpoHt. 

Cepaue es tpenetano. IloTh BECTYNHID Ha BUCKaX’. Ome 

Ansapp. Orzbar. I. 12 


178 T a A ‘b. 


WOMTO CTOANIA HW Kala, MOTOMD Wola H cTana UbuatTh o6e- 
PoTb 8a O6OPOTOM, HeeCTeCTBeHHO BHYHOad WeW H CTapasch 
OMHOBpeMeHHO BHI'BTL, ITO AhaeTcH CcaaqM HM ITO CHepegu. 

Yaca vepesb Ba rlasoKb OUATh DOAHAICAH wu Muca o6ep- 
Hyach Kb aBepu. Ha sage crbub ToTuaCh Ke BCTala Ta xe 
TBHb HW BHPOCNa TO DOTONKa, A CBBCHIaCh Hay’ ron0B0o Muck, 
Kakb wepHan MayTHHa. | 

— Hnyrh,—ayMasa Maca W BCA XxOHO'bra OTb CTpaxa. 

Ckopo Bb 060HXb yruaxb y 3ahel CTBHW OKaszaHch pas- 
HHA ThHH. OB nepeObrann 3a ef CUHHO, cupaBa Harpo, 
CABBA HalpaBo, CKpPeIMMBAIHCh, HACMBIUIMBO DOAMHIHBaI H 
IIPATAIHCh Bb YIaxXhb, MONA HW HEOTBASHO Hab aK. 

Korga ria3s0kb DOLHAICA Bb TpeTii pasb u Muca oGepxy- 
wach Kb ABepaAMb, O68 TEHH CKOJUb3HYIH BOIL OOKOBHXDb 
CTBHB OpaAMO KB Hel. MuCA BCKPHKHYJa WM O6epHyacb Kb 
ORHYy. THA CKOJb3HYIM Bb YI, HO He CUpATamHch. Ou BH- 
IM H& APKO OCBAIWeHHYH CcpenuHy 3alnelt cTBAH, MOTOMD 
OTABIAIMCh OT HEA H MCJbKHYIU Bb BOSLYyX'B. 

OTO OHH ABB yenosbRoodpasayA durypH. Ovxb MocTosnK 
MHHYTY, KakKB OYATO Bb Hep bUIMMOCTH, NOTOMB yCBUHCh Ha 
norty mepeqb ruazamMa Mucu. 

O66 urypH OHH YepHHA, MOXHATHA; WMWa Y HHXd 
OHJIH YepHHs, roma. Ha rouoBb NoqHAMaIHCch OyYTpH HH8KHXd 
poropb. [asa cBbTusuCh CTpPaHHHM, C1 bUHMb CBBTOMS, Kak, 
Y Pununa wHemb. OB ycbIuch PAXOMS, NOWKaBD HOrH H OD- 
BepHYBB XBOCTH. PyKH y HHXD OHIH GOonbmia, Whois, Cb 
IJIHHHHMU, KP bUKHMH, Clerka pascTaBeHHHM NawbuaMu. Bob 
WeTHpPe PYKH JexKaH Ha KOJWBHAXD. 

Muca MO4a CTOAIa Depew) HAMM, ONYCTHBL pyK, Kakb 
oycyquMas. Ona HW 6a DOACyqHMadA. 

— lIloqcyauMas, Bale BMA?—cnpocunh FhBHE. 

— oOmuria Koawesa. 

— IIpuanaete 2H BH ce6A BHHOBHOM{—CUpocHIb UpaBHi. 

— [pusHaw,—riryxo oTosBatach Oa. 

— Bb 4emMb COCTOHTS Balla BHHAa?—CUpocnb WHBHE. 

— Y6ilicrBo. 

— lloncyoqumaa Kiwesa,—cnopocuit npaBhii.—Kakoe Haka- 
saHie 3a yOilicTBO. 

M Maca wemnoro noMomyasa H ckasasa THXO: CmepTp! | 

— Takt, Takb, Takb,—UpHspakH palOCTHO 38aKHBall rou0- 
BaMA.—IIOMHu, NOMHH, NOMHH. 

Uro-TO CKpHOUHYAO Bb DBepAXd, TH B3MeTHY MCh H CUIpATa- 
WHCh Bb CBOKXb yruaxb. Maca Toxe KABHYNa ToNOBOH, o0- 
BepHyIach H nONINa 10 OOHIHOH Aopors. 

Jipepb CO 3BOHOM) OTKPHJach, KanLapMd WU ,TpPHCAKxeH“ 
BOUIH Bb KaMepy. Ho Muca He Bubia HA MYHIHPOBS, HH 
YeNOBBYCCKKXS JL. 











HAUHHEH BB EAXAKAJAHADS. 179 


Bb 6e3yMHOMB yoxxacb ona s3aTolana HOraMH: ,/ HuTEe, 
yanure, He Tporalite“. 

Crpaxa NOCMOTPBIH Cb MHHYTHHMD HeEOYMBHIeMS, BEAK 
Hocynay @ cTola HW BHO BOHS. 

— OcTaBbTe MeHs,—HeHaCTOBO KpHiata Muca.—Fi cama, cama. 

isepb 3axxonnyiacb. Bb kamepb crano Taxo. Muca cTosda, 
xpoxka, WH UPHCyHIHBanach Kb HeyYJOBUMOMY WlenecTy BOl04- 
EHXE miarosb. IloToMb kakb OyATO ee KTO Do3sBab. Ona obep- 
mynacb. UepHwe yate cHybn Ha DoNy, nomKaBh Hora. J] bBHA 
KEBHYIB ronopoh. Bb ero raasaxd CBBTBJIACh HaCcMBUIKAa. 

— Bame uma? 

— Omunia Koawesa. 

— Ilpwsanaete au BH ce6A BAHOBHOH? 

— IIpusHaw, sce opnsHan! 

— Bb yemb Bama Bana? 

— Y6ilicrso! 

— Kaxoe Hakazanie 3a yOilicTBo? 

— Cmeprs! —ckazana Muca TBepyo H rpoMKo. 

Bropo upu3pakb RHABHYNb [ouoOBOH HM CTAaIb MOAHHMATECA 
ma HOorH. I'tasa y Hero cTanH rry6oKie, Mpaqube. Jlalo oOpocio 
MupoKoH yepHok Ooponzo#. Pyrkasa sacyqnaucb. Ha wHorax1 
6HJIM MATKiA BaneHKH. 

— He rporaiite,—xpuksyna Muca.—S1 cama, cama. 

— Takt, Takb,—3akHBaiH OpHspaku.—llomay, NOMHH. 

Muca cToana H atfaya, HO OHH He yxoyHuH. OHH Toxe 
KAA H CTOPORUIA PasBAsky. 

— Xovyemb nona?—menwyrb npaBhHii 4YTb CHMIHO 3b 
NOXb CBOUXb KOCM&THXS yCOBb. 

Muca Mourdasa. 

— Hy, kpecrs xouventn? 

Muca KuBHYa ronopow.—Xouyy. [pocrutsca... 

— Tak», takb!l—noqTBepaaiu Opespaku. 

Yepsoe oKHO sanepHyNOCh CBBTANMD TYMaHOMb. Bb TyMaHh 
DPOCTYNMAIO WpeBo, BHCOKoe, NpAMOe, Cb ABYMA pacnpoctep- 
THMH BbTBaMy. OHO BuCBIO BB upocTpancTBb. Hab HHM> 
6HI0 CinHie, NONb HAM GeanHa. Ke ApeBy UpHAbHY1b Harok 
WNOBBKS. Ob He OHND UPHOXTh BOsAMH HA NPHBAsaHD 
BepeBKamMu. Co6cTBeHHOH CHO BMBCTB Cb ApeBOMDd OHD Dep- 
MaicA Bb BOSTyXs. 

Muca nocmorphia Ha IHUO YenoBbka HW ysHasa ero. Y Hero 
6HIH WbTckie rnasa H ObNOKYPHE BOJIOCH. 

— Tu, Bonona? 

[ipuspakb KHBHYNb PouoBoH. 

— IIpomai#, Bonoza! 

IIpHspakb cia60 yIHOHYIcH Mw HomeBeluId ry6amu, 
Muca Dpucrymiasach, HO He MOria YIOBHTb HHKaKOroO 8BYKa. 

TyMaHb cTarb crpyuTeca. Kpecrb NOmINAb H YepHoe OKHO 


OUATh MpOCcTyOHIO Hapyxy. 12% 


180 T A H ‘b. 


— [lopa, nopa!—nientann depHhe upaspaka. 

Muca porssybaa Kpyromsb ce6s. Bb kamepb He 6HJI0 BE 
NONOTeHOa, HA OOPHBKA BepeBKAE. 

— Ubu xe?—copocuya ona. 6 

— Hatpzenis,—menayitb opasyi. 

— Xopomo!—Muca kuBHyaa ronosok. Iloromb o6pena raa- 
3aMH CTBHH, OTHCKHBAA PBO3hb, HO H rBosda He 6HI0. Hako- 
Heb OH& 8aMbTHIa, ITO POpTOUKa OKHA OTKPHTAa H BHAAeTCH 
Hab CTBHOH, KAKb IbA-TO KBalpaTHad JaOHb: 

— Xopomio!—ckazana ona BCIyxXb. Oromia Kb KpOBaTH, 
cba, cHaa OyMaseHHy NOKy HW OHCTpO oTOApanta sy6aMH 
185 JMBHAHA OBINA DO0CH, HOTOMb eme Bb. Ona cBasama 
UXb BM BCT, CKPYTHIa HPYTOMb, Cab1ata UeTsO Ha OLHOM> 
KOHWS. Bpocuna BarstAdb wa ABepb 4 YOBAWACh, ITO HHRTO 
He CMOTPHTD Bb razors. [lotom) nos6baa Kb OKHY MW OWCTPO 
B8MAXHY1a RCYTOMS. JUryTh BaeTBAb, CKOILSHYIb Ha op- 
TOUKY HW NOWaNb BL CTBOPKY MexAy poprowkoli a pamow. Maca 
HOTAHY& BHHSB 4 yObAMIACh, ITO OH 8acTpaud Kpbuko. COpo- 
eHia OOyBb A 4YJIKG. 

_Jleptach pyKamMy 3a BepeBRKy H yNHpasch OOCHMH HOTaME 
Bb crbay, Muca craza NOAHMMATHCA BBepX'’b KB OKHY. [anbuy 
ef HOrb CaMH co6oH nepectynanma no crbub. Ha Kasan0cb, 
KaKb OYATO CHH3Y KTO-TO oOCaenBaNb ee OONbIAMH Kp B- 
KHMH pykKaMH. 

Yepesb MUHYTYy oa yxe GHoa BBepxy. Onupasch ofaok 
pykott 4a oproury, ApyroH Ha sakpawHy OKHa, 08a NOBHCIA 
Bb BO3LyXb Ha TOMb CaMOMb MbBcTb, rub HesaBHO Bb CBBT- 
OMB TyMaHb DOBACHO ApeBo H Ha ApeBB Haro yeNOBBKb. 
Kakb OylTo ee nownepxuBala Ta me yWOMbUCTBeHHAA CHHAa. 

Iletna yme Ona Ha ea web. 

VM Bb oTy MHHYTY KYPaHTH 3anTpalH cBOH YHHAWH Ups- 
3HBb. IlepBwH, BTopok, TpeTi, ueTBepTHH. Muca wxasa, CHY- 
Wiad 9TH 3BYKU, HW CNOBHO DapHsa Bb BOsLYX, Jerkan, 60cas, 
BR ONHOH pybaxs. 

Yacw na Oamah cratu 6uTb. Pasb, 18a, TPH, BOCeMb, OMH- 
Hayat. 

Cb nocrbaHuMb yoapomM®> Maca OTKHHYJa PpyKi H CKOUbSH Ya 
Bb MpocTpancTso. ToTyach x#Xe ee AepHyI0 KBepxy H OpOCHAzO 
06% crbay. Uckph ochianuch 438b rash, HW OHA YBUAbAA, 
Kakb Cb JBYXb CTOPOHS PHHYIUCH IBBHH H OpaBhli IpHspakA 
M CXBaTHIH ee 38 TOPO CBOUMM JJHHHHMB KpBOKHMH Wadb- 
taMH. Bce sapeprboch, Bb KpacHoMb TyMaHb. Jloyqb HoraMHn 
OTKPHIach 6e37Ha. 

— Kogb ciaBeH'b —krpadn KypaHTH.—-HaBbkb, HapbKe! 

MW nob 9TH famekie MW HeywalbHHe sBykKH McA OmMTHAA 
Bb FepHyh Oealey HW MCiesIa HaBBE. 

Tat. 


HH Y C‘b. 
Pomans Mk. I. Ponu. 


Hepes. ch dpannyaeraro C. 6. 


——s = 


Yepanii 1eBb—Ma MATHUR’ HAliOnaTBHOH O6oponH 1471 roma— 
SNOKOMHO Jexadb Ha CBVEMB MbelecTaIb CiiBo3b OKYTABIL YH 
aro Mpo3spadhHylO AWMRKY TYMaHa, Kakd OW OTROTUpPOBABL YO eTO 
CHIbHBE MYCKYAN, OB Karaica elle BedHvectBennBbe. Ilo 
HeOY, Cb THXON FPYCTbIO B3aHpaBleMy Ha 8eM.210, Me1eHHO 
6AYKMANH CM3HA TYWU; TA3yphbla WaTuAa Bb UpOCBBbraxb MexAy 
HHMH CBEDKadH 3epKaHOll YNCTUTOW, H xeJTH COTHeYHRE 
QBBTD NOB eMeHaMb Npoph3iBadb TYMaHHY!O MIsy. 

Bokpyrb ALBa O1y#KAaNH Bb CTpPaHHHXb IWaANaXb We- 
THpe aHapxHctTa—tTpoe Cb oF%eHb OABAHLIMH JHUaM, TeTBep- 
Tht — NORVAbHO YUNTAHHAH, 

— OH'—KPURHYIb OLNWb 3b HUXB. 

OaD saMBrnp v3aebeTHaru pZeMuokpata, yeaa KomMyHH— 
MANCHBKAFO GROTHALO YAoBhKa, Ch KoMUCCAMbHNMb, KBa.Lpat- 
“YWMb NOAOOpPORKoMb. PHACMb Cb HMDS Ma NepeBadTNBal- 
MeHCA NOXOAKOH TpoMeddas (urypa cb CuMMarnyor i3i0- 
HOMIeH, Taxa bRuUeh Nab-odb UWWINN pa; 93TO 6H.1b O4eHb 
A3BBCTHDH NporpeccheTb-MOCTeMeHoBel’b, HeBeSMYTHMBI, X0- 
ZOAHHH MHCIMTeIb Oobé, 10 UposBumly Jlnycb. Uepswi Ha- 
suipatca PaBnep’b. 

O6mbanBwuch pykonuxatinmnu, Beh Ha MHAYTy OcMOTp hau 
gpyrb apyra. Hsaamyunil kKoctiomb Swyea, ero rotospa ypas- 
woRbWeHHaro = MyuAvcema oTseBanH xonon0oMD. [lepow oHb 
OCTAHABANBaACH HepeAL AbROMb, NOD Y 180A Ba Hero, Wi Bb 
eepAuUB NODWMANACb HEN3SbACHHMAN CKOpP6b H 3acTap bran He- 
BABHCTb, KAUKOTaBUIaA TWedb 6pemeHemMb YeTH pear cIBYB, 
BpOuleQWHX! CU BPeMeHH CTpauiuaro rosa. Bee okpymwawisee 
BAUOMHHAIO O HEMb—H OYJLBAapL, HM Yana, WH Kag6ulenckas 
eThua, W MOCTUBAA, YsakheHNad# yTpewHe ClupectTLy, 
COhAaTh HA FGacaXb Bb MeTATYeCKu KackKB. yk pauledHoH 

! 


2 mg Fr. POR SE. 


OBIMH NepbAMH, H MepTBHe OOUTATeIM MOHTAapHnaccKaro K1a;- 
6uma, NokouRWIeCH MHPHHMb CHOMS... AX, ATOTH TpoMalAHe 
zest! OHS CHMMIKOMS XHBO HANOMHHAND O Daneniu. Heno6t- 
RUMaA CHa rHbBa oOBNabla Snycoms. 

— He npolinzemcsa aM MH?—CKa3zalb OBS.—ITOTD NeBb Ipu- 
BOUTS MCHA BH OBUUEACTBO. 

Tpoe ero CITYTHHKOBb COYYBCTBCHHO KHBHYJIU YouORaNe; 
OCTaJIbHHe, KOCMONOJIMTH, COXPaHHJIH HeBOSMYTHMOe paBHo- 
Ayiie. 

— Bpocsre! Hbmun snornh nach JOcTounH; HM HywHe 
HOZaTb pyKky UpHMupediA, a He OpaHUTh UX'D. 

— Y HHX®d axe Oobme CouiaruCcTOBb, YBM'b Y HAC. 

— O9T0 adcypl'bI—BOCKIUKAYINB Qube. 

-- Jlogemy, rpaseaaHnHh? 

— CHINKOMb JOITO pasbAcHATe... 

— §i—saroBOpusIb yIUTAaHHWH abapxuCTb—3sHaBarb HbM- 
UCBbh H He 8aM’bualb, YTOOH OHH HaCh Takb HenaBuNbaH. 
Bro—KlepeTa, pacnyckaeMan OypxXyaMu AJA TOFO, ITOOH BHCa- 
CHBaTh H3b HaCh MHIIIapAH HW TOUKaTS Hach Bb TOHKHHD! 

— Bors kar! 

SAHYCL rH'BBHO NOBeTE DewaMH. 

— Boxe!—rpomko BOCKIMKHYIB onb.—H nozyMatTs TOKO, 
KAKOe MHOXECTBO YeCTHHXS I7eH, NO06HO BaM’b, BAATL 
TombKO Oboe wa YepHoe! Huyero, Kpomb Obnaro Hw YepHaro! 
Ho, rpaxfane, cioxHoe uBI0e IpelctaBAaeTcA CBpPHMDS Co 
SCBMH ero pasHoo6pasHHMA OTTbHKaMu! 

Bb nepcnekTuBb yauun Opseanb OOpHCOBHBaOCh Tame- 
AQOBBCHOe HM YIpwMOe sfaHie Depksu cB. Ilerpa. Conianuctn 
1ponmiw MHMO HeB3padHaro NoxeNTBBMAarO BOKsaIa Ch ero 
apkalaMH H HalpaBHJIHCh BAOIb NYCTHHHOA yauun Moxucypu 
HOAb RepeBbAMH, Cb YUBIBBIIMMM ele, 3aCOXUIHMH JMCTbAMH. 
Ha 8aqvems WaHb, He CMOTPA HalrycTol TyMaH'’b, ACHO BHDPACO- 
BHBaJIOCh 3fahie MeTeoposoruyeckot o6cepsarTopin. 

— Yo, co6cTBeHHo, HasbiBaeTe BH CBpHMb? 

— A TO HMeHHO, 4TO Bb AeBATLCOT AeBAHOCTO JeBATH CHY- 
YWAXL H3b THCAIH BCB Ball pascyxXteHiA CBOAATCA Kb a6- 
CTpakLiAMb... eC He Kb DpPOCTHMb dMpasamb, — oTBebiasrb 
AHYCb. 

— Ho pa3spb—3aM Brush AsBBCTHHH WeMoKpaTb—xopomag 
aOcTpaknia Takb-Taka HHYEFTO YX WH HE CTONTD? 

— Xopomaa a6crpakuin? Jlonyckaw. Ho Bb OCHOBHHIX'’, 
NOCHIKAXb BAWHXb a6cTpakoih ABTb HHKakOro MOMOKXHTeEIB- 
waro cofepxanis... Bugutre m4, MoM poporovw, Bb ob6acTtn 
COMMAAIbHHXS OTHOMeHIH BH MOUTH HHKOrAa,—a TOBUpR, NOYTH 
HHKOra,—He BCTpBTuTe BONpOca HacTObKO MpocToro, YoOH 
MOXKXHO OHIO Wath Ha Hero TOTh HAH HOH onperbieHunl 








Huy C Db. o 


oTESTb. OGHKHOBEHHO MeKLY mnmo KM utoind JNOKUT elie 
6e3KOHCIHHA PAIS WYHKTOBD, Tpe6yMuluxdb pasbacneHin£... 

IIpocatymasb sTy HanOBBUIyIO PeluKy, aHapXHCTH Haver 
He OTBBTHIH. OHHE TONbKO DeMOKpaTb He 6e3b NOITUTeJIb- 
Haro BHUMAHIA CIYWUATb SKIeERTHKA Obe. Bb Bosayxh cerra 
Wax10 TpaBow. Ha riaakKuXxh OTKOCaXd xXerB3HoO10OpoRHOn Ha- 
CHOW KOMOUMIHCh padouie, H3BIeKad 435 Tole MOH Uue- 
COKb H KAMEeHD. 

Hactynatu cyMepku H Bb ropogzB Bouapaatach ry6okas 
THIOHHa. CouiatHcTH MOJGa ABHrauch MHMO OOcepsaTopin 
MoHCypu Bb Napkb, Kyda BeAYTb ABB U3BUAHCTHA DOpory, 
MeXIeCHHO DOMHHMAIODIiacd Ha oTIOorid xoumb. Hxb sBaekno 
cola v4 MHOe rocTenpiuMcTBO MOJON0rO co6lasHHTebHare 
‘ala, H 93TH KYDOJH, BO3BHWABMIeCH Hab HectTpHMb OpHurn- 
HQIbHWMb PacaloMb, HW 3TH KPYCIWA OKOHHHA CTeksa. Bocxu- 
wleHHHA SiHycCb yHecCcaA Me4TOH H MpedcTaBusb ce6b, ITO OHD 
3aHHM&CTh KOMHATY MOXb KYUONOMb, Bb KOMHATB JlamMla CL 
MOAOUHHMB adaxkypOMb, & Bb HeCPpaBHeCHHOM XBIMILB BCH 
paprepa, 6apomeTpH, H3aMbpuTe.IbHne Mpu6opy Pyapa u Bahn. 

KpacuBHa pactexiaf roToBHE yxe OHM NOrpysHTbCA BU 
Mpakb; Jerkad TBAB Jeria Ha MACCHBHHA aanid Hu, O4apo- 
BAHBHe KpacoTow Oopp6w MeXAY YMUpawUiMb CBBTOMD u 
no6ObxpawueH HOIbW, HAaliH COYTHUKH Worpy3HuCcbh Bb rpesh 
© MBHYBOIUXb AXAXh, Bb BOCHOMHHAHIA O MeWJIbHOMb H Bb 
TO me BPeMA DOP: ToMb Npoul10mw. 

— OTH yieHHe WyTH!—sapHiarb Han6orbe GbaHO onbrnd 
H3b AHAPXHCTOBD...—Uub TaMb BHYTPH TellLI0! 

OH CKOCHJb CBOH AHTapHaro UBBTa riasa WM CKPHBHc!'b 
ryO6H OTBpaTHTeNbHof ycmMBuKoH, O6HapyxXUBLleH PAb 3eNe- 
HX FHHIHXb 8yOOBb. 

— OXb, HH WenoTKH Tadaky!—1poBOpyanb ofb 3saTbM'., 
OTASHBaACh Ha CBOHXb TOBapHineli. 

Jlemokparb MefeHHO MPOTAHYJIB eMy KHCeTb UH TOT! 
3alyCTHIb Bb Hero CBOH THWIbIH, WOTOM, Hak-lOHHBINUCL 
TaKb, STO KOpOTKiIH Kaki MuAKakb ero BHICOKO OA- 
HAJICA HAN JOCHAUIMMACA HM MOTepTHMH OploKaMH, OH CTaJi. 
TOPONJHBO HaOHBaTh CBOIO yRacHylO TPyOKYy UW, 3aKYPUBb, 3a- 
THHYJICH, HKMYPA Plaza OTh HacdaxkK eH. . 

— OgHako 3TO BCe pABHO He MOMETH Tak’ NpoRoIKaTbcal— 
UpoOBopyasb oO8'b.—HyxHO Cb HUM “cKopbe mukonuute. 'Te- 
fepb, YOPTh BOsbMH, CTao xyme, YhM'b CTO ABTS Wasa. 

H, WupOKO pascTaBHBd pykKH, OBAHALa, Kazalocb, sarpedatb 
Oe3MBpHHA OorarctBa. 

— ipunetcs, BuAHO, ene NOO6omAaTD!—PrpyCTHO 2aw STH. 
AHYyCHE. 

1* 


4 eH. TF. POSH u. 


Bt OTBBTL Ha 9TO KTO-TO DPOroBOpHh CYPOBHMD H ray- 
XHMb FOJOCOMD: 

— la, BaMb Werko FroBOpHhTb OSb omnAanin!.. 

OTO NpOn3HeCh CaM MONWaINBHH H3b BEBXd. Own Onb 
BHCOKb pOCTOMb, Cb XapakTepHOH BHBUINOCTbIO HenoKkoned6u- 
Maro ackeTa, Cb KPUCTAJIbHO-YHCTHMH Wviagamu. Tpenerb cer- 
TAHTCKOH HETePNHMOCTH HePBHOIWD ApPOARLW, APCHKLioO nopoau- 
cTaro 3Bbpa, npoObrarb no ero MeprBeHHo 61 bIHHMb WieKaMh; 
HelpephBHoe Cosnabie COWIAAbHNXb OBACTBIA NoAIe pAHBATe 
Bb HeMb WilaMA HeronmoBania, Bcerna OyLlleBabliee BL ere 
rpyau. OTb CNOBb OWL NpHXOAUAD Bb BUCTUPpKeHHCE COCTOA- 
Hie, HO Cepgue ero He 3HaI0 HbeHAarO YYBCTBa. OAHOTOHHAAR B 
CKYGallan AyWa Cb CYPOBRMb KOReEKCUML CUpPaBeQJINB CTH, 
AaNeKHMb OTb TODIMAXVH MKH3HH, Oe8NCLUAQHHMb kb yK10He- 
HiaMb YeIOBbYecTBa OTb MpPHHATOH CXeMB H, HapAay Cb 
OTHMb, OesrpaHhdnad Bbpa Bb CTHXifidbe VepeBupoTH, NouHOe 
wpespbuie Kb OUHTY KU3HIt H OeasaBbrubili wHOmMeCKil dana- 
TH3M’b— BCC COCAHHHUCh Bb 3TUMb YeSUBLKB. Onb 061a1aIb 
TpaBuAbHLO OFePYeEHHUMB H, WORaAIVN, KpacHBHMb Wpupe- 
NeMb, HOPBHYH, XUTA HW OAHOOSpasuuH, PhYLO, WARIO TOH- 
KUXd H3rHOuBb, HeEBOSMYIUMOl HO OeascTpacTHOoH CuBbcTb® 
Cemn-sKiocra, rpeatpawinell KakTyO Bpakie6uylo elf QoK- 
TPHHY H FOTOBOH NpuOBreyTb Kb LNALOTAUB Ann BosBopenia 
THIUNHH H NopsaKa. 

H, cO BCBMH STUMH XapakTepHHMH YepTaMiil, OH, BMBCTO 
TOPO, YTOGH CAbAaTCA APUMD Nuc baAvBaredemL badedba, crab 
AHApXHCTOM. 

Bulpocb He Bb TOM, rpaxlaninh Jlek iH Ab, JerKo WAY 
TpYAHO,—CKazan, JWyCb,—a BRPHO J 8To, HA HBT. 

— CKWKOML Yab Y BaCb CHUKUTHaA Mawepa FUuBOPHTb 0 
HECIACTLAXD OOe8AvJICHHOH ObDHO hb! 

H oub yctpemnap rabsyaii B3epb Ha SJuyca, coxpapuBuare 
NOMHVe X.Ta LUOKposie. 

— Jia, chokuAHas, — OTBBIAND OH'b Cb YANOKOil H TOHOMD 
COB YIUBUMAaro NeqadTH3Ma.—Boipoch Moth 6b TpakTUBaTbCa 
Haydhu, CL 3G bUBAHieMb BCbXb pro lL contra. UL0 sb 640 
611 Bb 9TUMb Wy puro? 

—— flonute bul Nakoe TYTL MoKerTD Guth H3cTbloBadic, 
Kora Cb vlholi CTOpOHbl H3,AbXallb Ch FOMuLy,, a Cb ApyruA 
KPYTb AO OTBala? 

— []pnuepetb HXb BATAMH KS CTbUB! — BOCKIHKHYIb DBA. 

— bbaveu yepsoe!—BocKIMKHY Ib JHYCb,—H HU Harpullh 
Bparo. 

~- A 4TO xe, rpaxtannyb? Ilo BawieMy, MHPHO CAUAUTH 
PYKH, saCTHTb BT. TYHUMb paBHopyWid H Oesb Ouppbh oTLaTh 
ceOA Ha ChbhTeHiv? 





A AY Ch. 5 


H, kKakb CROpa cobakt, OHH CTONMATHCh BOKPYb Anyca, ropa 
APHABHCTLD HW 3.106- BBPYMWHXb Bb HempeAoOxKHOCTh CcBoeh 
ECTHHH, HO He CiIOCO6HNXD Bb TO Ke BPeMA YCTPAHHTb BHBOAM, 
@aTaNbAoO BHTeRa louie HIb CTPCraro aHasnaa. 

— Hucroapko!—otabianb Anycb.— Hurkorga He carbayerh 
pualaTh Rb cocToAHie TyNaro paBHOAYyWiA.. HYXHO SopoTsca... 
20 Gopb6a 2002KHa OT PasyMHOM, & He CTHXINHOH. 

Cyctwe 3ByKH KO1OKOIa HaBbUAIH O 3aKpHTIH Caga; Hb 
OOKOBHXD adieli MOKasaHCbh CaOBHHKH. 

— Bots angevna! - co cubxomb 3ambrars Snycb.—focary- 
DTReEMCA KO.TOKONAa H, CCIM 39TO BAMDb {lOCTaBHTb yAOBONbCTBIie... 
— 6yNemMd choputTh HBCKOABKO Jactbiue... 

BeB wectTepo Me7.1eHHO JBHUHY.BCbh Bepel'b. 

Papbepb XPHUINMb POsOCOMb pascka3sHBalb PraaBy H3'b 
eBoeH *KH3HH Bb CCH.IKB Bb HoBo Kaseqouin, 0 NepBHX CBo- 
BXb DWaraxdb, 0 NasAulemMb 3HO'b, 0 OONB3IHAXH, O AepeBLAX. 
BHPOMPHHHXS BTeYyedie jo1raro BpeMeHH BOKPYb XUAKHHS, 
@ KPOMIedHHXb Cropodaxt, oO m1anax’ Kvonephnin, MocToAHHO 
KOHVABOIHXCA Heynatel, O.1aroqapa HenoOBAHMOMy YyMOpHoMy 
TACOTBHII Kb MpOKMATON WcTHOH COOCTBeEHHOCTH. 

— la, A 8HaW, CIUIMIKOMDb Xopoimo 3Hab wel! —npcHsHech 
eH, NOBONA TOTCTHMD LOMGoporkomb.—Hykuw mesb3sHne 3a- 
KOHH, YTOOH CAUBIaTD AXDd CUpaBeINBHMH, 

— Coscbmb He HYKHO 3aKOHOBL!—cCB 7OCaqowW Mpenanect, 
avapXicrs. 

— Q, Korqa BH ITpoxKuBeTe Cb Moe, TO 6yfeTe cMOTpPbTp wa 
aTO APYFuMH 1.1a3aMH. 

OHb Dpoto1Kaib CBOH pa3sckasb, MepeXOAA OTB OHINX'b 
cooOHTiN Kb APYrHmb, Wp COTYBCTBCHHOMB BHUMAHIN TOBApER- 
mew, YBakaBIUHXb Bb HeEMb erO YNOPHY!O 21060Bb KB cipa- 
BEAINBCCTH H TMepCRUTHA TAKKIA CTpaqania. YooMHHaA © 
MPAUHHXb COONTINXS, OHB HAdBHaTb CMBATLCH THXHMB Cap- 
KACTHUICCKUMD CMbXOMb, UP GeMb ero MaNeHbKie, KPHCTATbhHO 
npospadnne Milasa CTAHOBUTHCh elle MeHbule. [loKOHUHBD pas- 
ckaze O HuBpott Kanetouin, omb nayadb TOBOpHTb 06% HaBep- 
Tax - XO3AeRaX'b, O BAMUHPAXdb, BHCACHBANIWIXB KPOBb pa- 
Goyare; OXBATEHHHH NOPNBOMDS WiaMeHAaro HerozoBania, OWD 
POBOPHAb, KaKb WeNOBbKS, HeloKkoe6HMO YBBpeHunl Bb mpa- 
BOTB cBOero 7b.1a, H C.10Ba ero 3BY4a.1H, KaKb yap 6u4qa. 

— [Ipu paBHolt cab ToTh, Ha abelf cTopoH'b paso, Bcerma 
€OKPYWUTb Toro, KTO He OpaBh. sla, nocTaBeTe AecaTb Oy pxya 
HpOTHBh WecATH KOMM)Hapowd, HW Moc bie ChBAATb vepBHXxXB! 

— Kakpb xel—3am brits B&HAKb.—OHH He HaCTu.IbKO My- 
AH, ITO6GH NMOMCTABIATS CBOe Ca.10; NpOTHBb 6appukaab euM 
KOWNNOTS Hallux OpaTLesh, HeCtacTHXd CO.1AaTs. 


6 x. Fr POHKHH. 


— OTO He NomMbmoacTh HaMb pasHecTH HX Bb KIOIbA — 
BOCRIUKHYNb Papbept. 

Bb ronzochb ero 4YBCTBORATAaCh 37060a, HeH3raquMan, Kpo- 
BaBaA Kaka GesnomaqHoh BOHHE N, BMBCTS Cb THM, OTTBHOR’S 
YHCTOTH H O.1aropoucTBa, NpeoopasuBiwis axe BLYITY MHAYTY 
eYO MAO BHpasHTeibaoe WHO. Ob rpembrb, Bocrbsan MH- 
sTnHyecKie THMHH I] paBy, OOomeCTBAAID PpAyOUH KATAKIA3MD. 
KoHeyBy!0 PeBoniouiw. O, HacTymuTb, HaCTYOHTb, HAaKoHellh, 
yacb, Kora OHV, STH YOiHOH Hapoja, 6yHyTh 6pomenHW noOAb 
TeEMHHe CBOIH CHPHXD NOAsaNOBh HW OOpeyieHh Ha MewqNeHHOe 
rhienie; HaCTYNHTB yach OTMIleHia 3a KpoBapyio Herbaw 
pacnpaBhl Cb KOMMYHOH, H Ha STOTD pash He 6yterb yxe HaAlor- 
CKOH CCHTHMEHTAJIDHOCTH, 3aCTABHBIWMeH NOMaguTh 6anKkH HW Port- 
MHIbLOBE! Hbrb, GopTh Bo3zbMu! Hukakoli nomazn! 

— Ecan6n Oonbme pasctpbiapassn, to KomMMyHa BocTop- 
*KeCTBOBaa On! 

Mexay ThML 9TO OHA HaTypa MATKAaHX, BOSBHOeHHaA, 4y- 
1a WUPOKHXS TeopeTHyecKkHXd o6obmenis. Ormasanca 1 
OH, 3106aMb TEKYMaro THA, HH NOrpyRaica Bb pasMH edie, 
OHb ThML He MeHbE COXPSHUJ'b CBOH IIPHBAZAHHOCTH Kb oFary, 
Kb CeMb‘', TEPOHMO OTHOCHICA Kb Gaxmans, OHI WDE 
HH3KOH 3aBHCTH, OHI COCTpanatenteHb KD ONWXHUMD. Ho Bo. 
NOMHHAHIA O6b iesxyHTCKOMb KoBapcTBs 6ypxya, HelIpHMUpaMaAn 
HeHaBHCTh KT MaeHbROMy Tbepy, cTpamHoe HeroqoBanie mpo- 
THB TOTO AIM HHOrO reHepana mMriH ero AYMY orseMs 6es- 
nomanHon 306n. 

— Jon, Byarbomie cuz0l 4H He OCMBAHBAWIILIeCA TMOAb8O- 
BaTbCA eH... 3apaH'be OCyRXTeHH Harndesb... TyIWe pasMOsRATb- 
ce6$ rouoBh O KaMBH. AXd, eCIN6H MW 3Hana!.. Ho MW OnaH 
CABIIKOMD PIyYOb... MH BBpHIU Bb MHOCepzie!.. 

VW oOnb pHCOBaNb KapTuAy KpoBaBow rekaTOM6H, a ero TO- 
BaPHOH-abaPXHCTH, OFOOPHTeENbHO KHBAA FONOBaMH, 8AJHBAIeCh 
BOCTOPKCHHHMb XOXOTOMb, WpescTapiad ce6b crago O1bAHX’b 
MK TPyYCIBBHXb Oypxya, BENOMHXDL Ha 3akagie. 

— [lepepByTh umb ropno!—BockiHkKHyIb BBABAKD. 

— HW HHKakuXt 3aKOHOBS... AOBONbHO 9TOFO Hem bpisat 

— Hyxun xenrbsHbe 3akoHhH!—CypoBo 38aMBTusD PaBbepp. 

— Heo6xonumo nosbpie kb HHULiaTuBS rpaxzan! 

— VWuuiatnsa! O, Boxe! JIa passB TH He 8HaeLb, CTapNHa, 
"TO BCerga HaligeTcCA ecb, 4TOOH CORpaTb TBON HHHUWaTaBy. 
sKenb3a, xKemb3a, xenbsal—BoTb eJIMHCTBeHHOe CpeACTBO DAR 
SOUBOPeH1A CIIPaBeANHBOCTH. 

— dakoHH—9TO 6ymare WIA H3BbCTHAarO ynoTpebrenial 

— Cb MOMeHTa DOABNeHIA 8aKOHOBD... NOABIAeTCA HW UpaBu- 
TeECTBO! A ero-TO HaM’b H He HYAXHO. 

Onn Kpwyann BCB cpasy, Cb 11a3aMH, TOPANINMA, Kakb y 








2H YC bb. 7 


FOHOLHHX'b BOUKOBS, H TOIbKO ARYCb MOLIATb, COXpansA Impe- 
SpHTebHOe cuoKolctBie, cmoKofictBie 6escTtpacTHaro aHasHse 

— Jia, na!—rpuyant Bbagakt, BMbcTB Ch ApyraMH TM0BO- 
paquBaa Ha y1Huuy Boxkupapb aw o6pamaa Ha ce6a BauMaHie 
MYMHHMb Cuopomb.—BcbMb noposyy... He MOA Buna, eClH & 
He TaKb Ke CHN€Hb HIH JOBOKD, Kakb MOM cocbap! 

— A eCIH TH IbHTA,—Upoph4asb AeMOKpaTh,—aTo Toe 
we TBOA BHHa, a? Illyrs! 

— Huxto He ctaneTb JBHUTECA DpH ACTHHHOM anapxin. 

— Ilo Tscemy, pcb 6GytyTb MymecTBeHHH H 4eCTHH? at— 
CUpocHaIb Sifych, DpyxeckH Xonnysb BbaAWAKAa TO maeqy. 

— Jia Bab He3zaydbMb OyneTS ONTS GesyecTHHM. 

— H BcBb npespatatca Bb 6e3KPHIHXdb anreoBb? 

— Kb yemy oTa HacmMbuika?—cyposo 3zambrasp Jlexnaab.— 
Copa ero BOBCe He TakKb MIyYOH. GCI WBACTBUTeILHO HHKTO 
ue GyeTh 3aHHTepecoBanb Bb OO6Mandb ONWKAAPO, TO pan Yero 
TOrAa HW OpHObrath Kb OOmMaHy? 

— OTO MMeHHO 4H BCerma HM yTBepxyarb! — sapeBbrb 
Paspepb...—HyxHO TONBKO yOBQUTb oe, 4TO He Bb Oorat 
ciBB cyactbe... Uto 6orarcTso — 3To MHuMOe cyYacTbe! Torna 
HUKTO He cTaHeTb OOkpanqbBaTb O1uxHArO. Ho HeoOxoquMn 
*KeNTBSHHE 3aKOHH, HBITO peadbHoe, YOpTB BosbMu! HyxHo, 
HaKOHeLb, HaBeCTH yoKacb Ha HerogseBD! Huagye... uHaye He- 
BOSMOMHO OyneTh YOBAUTS ope... paca CMMIKOMb Paya. 

— CoscbMb HeHYXHO HHKAKHXS 8a8KOHOBD,—CyXx0 OTpb3arb 
JleRIHIb—HYHHO PasPYUIMTh BCH AAaNKyO WocTpolky, Tpe 
MBcalla WBACTBOBATh TeppopoM’d, YecTHO pacuperbiaTh Oorat- 
CTB&... H TOrMa OOBTATeMH DepeBeHb H TOPOAOBb NOHMYTh Bu- 
POU Halle cucTemH... Cb osTOrO MOMeHT& BCe HYKXHO Ope- 
IKOCTABHTh CBOOOZHOMy TedeHiO H NOJOKUTECA HA JHIHYH 
sHeprin. [losHaBb Ha ONHTB mpeBocXoOZCTBO HOBaro COliaJb- 
Haro CTPOA, 8agbMb CTAIH OM ReNatTh elle Kakow-TO BIACTH? 
870 6HJ0 6H Herbuo! 

— A kTo 6yneTb pacnpezbaats OorarcTBa? 

— Kaannii 6yqeTh IPAXOAUTh H OpaTb H3b CKIA_OBb Bb 
wbpy CBOHXb oTpe6Hoctefi, a B3aMBHB aBaTb CBOH TDPYyb. 
Uro me BH HAXONUTe Bb STOMb HEMOrHIHAarO?—CUPOCHIb Ot, 
o6pamanch Kb Slsycy. 

— O, HHYero!—oTBBTuTb TOTh.—H epeBba, nomany, Oy- 
AYTL BHpPOCTaTh Bb DeCATb MHHYTb? 

— Takb He CHOpAaTh, YOpTS noZepul! 

Ch no6xbaHbBOINMH OMaMu, Cb ropBBOIMMH GesyMiewh 
FiasaMH, AHAaPXHCTH cHOBa O6cTynHna SAHyca. Ob DpHBeT> 
MX'b B} OBUeHCTBO CBOHMD CKCUTHUN3MOMD BW WBIHMD OTPHS- 
MieM’; OCO6eHHO CHIbHO BOsMyUIasicaA JleKNHOb, OCI bOIeRBWE 
B&powW HeNpHMUpHMaro danaTuka. JlemoKpaTh OTOMIeCIb Bb CTO- 


& & Tr. Po se Hu. 


pony Cb eme 6onbmeH autnnatiei Kb anapxiv, IhMS K’b OKNCK- 
TH3MY, A Cb rIy6oKHMb npespBuiemb MpeAcTaBuTeda OKONH 
HONOKUTeEIBHArO H CHCTeMAaTHUeCKaro COUiaIbHaro TBOPIeCTBa 
Kb CeKTB xa0ca. 

Ho CKeNTHRb-MHCIATeEIb Haiarb yxe 3sbBaTb H, OOHAB) 
rir3za Kb 3Bb30H0OMy HeOy, IIpoHsHect: 

— YWro #e BH xoTHTe, YTOOH A CKasanb? A nogqaBpawp 
CTONDKO PCHIUKb @TUMb TYNBYAMb, ITO MHB CTLAHO OTBHIAT 
emje 4T0-HA6yuob! 

Orb Bceli ero @arypy BbANO TbMb-TO HeCTepnhiMoMb. He- 
BHHOCHMH OHH UM 3TO BNCOKOMBpie ydenaro Mewakta, Ww CHE- 
CxXOQUuTeNbHOe Mpespbuie, uv, Ocu6esHoO, HeBO3MYTHMHH BB0pt, 
CBBTHBUINCA ACHWMb HW MATKUMD CBBTOM', Bb [POTHBOMOI0B- 
HOCTh (hocHopunyecKoMy Oecky Plaab eFO NPOTHBHUKOBD. 

— Takie 1W2U Bb BeMKYIO SNOXY 6yAYTh, OUTS MOKeT., 
UpHHeceHH Bb XepTsy,—AyMalb Jleknuab. SaTbMb OHb Ch 
AerKUMb COMporabieMb OTTO.IKAY Ib OTb CeOA OSTY MHCHb, Mo- 
KasaBlllyiocaA eMy GyHoBnuHOou. Ho rab-To, Bb riy6unb cmMy?- 
Haro COBHAHIA, O8A MpuTavach, TYTRO BLIKHIAaAH BO MpakB. 

— Haemb kb Dpaucya! Taub 0poouxuM’b CHOpP>!—BOCKIEK- 
HyJ'b Papbep. 

H, yBulekad 3a CO6OW OCTaJIFAWX'b, ON BOSOOHOBUIIH CBOM 
pascka3b Oo nNepexuTomb. Onn w1.14 no yanub A669 Upy, nopa- 
HAaBieH CBOMMb KAJIKHMb BUTOM', CTPOeCHIAMH Cb O6yNJeR- 
HEME A DOTpPeCKaBLINMHCA CTBHAMH, HOCHBIUUMH Ha ce66b Carbon 
RBKOBON wHmeTH. SIHYCb B3NPOrByJ'b, OFYTHBIIKCh Bb STOM’b 
Y3KOMb, DoJYTeMHOMb MpocTpakcTBh, KunkBWeMb YerOBBIe- 
CKHMA %KH3HAMH, He OFpaskMeHHHMH HH OT kakHXb Cy qaa- 
4ocTeli; CMY KazaI0Cb, YTO OHS CAHIMNTS UOLaBIeHH CTOND, 
a kKpachhi onapb xXasikoh nomapHol Oyoaku upunzaBant 
eme Oonbe s10Bbuii OTHeEUaTOKb UapuBuell 306cp Haulers. 
HallH WecTh COYTHHKOBB Cb JO MHTCTBOMb 3aPIs Base 
MHMOXOOMb Bb OKHA CKBO3b TOHKIA 3anaBbcKu. KoMhaThl Ch 
CHPHMH CTBHaMH, CTPaHHbtl, TpA3sHbH KaMeHHb DONb, JOH, 
chasmie BOKpyrb Jamnb, padoyie, paboTHHUH 3& Hraod WH 8a 
MaWUMHOH-—-Bce 98TO NeWlepHoe YesOBbYeCTBO, CKYYeHHOe Ha 
Y38KOM>b IpOCTpaHCTB'b, sacTaBHO PaBbepa BOCKJIMKAYTD: 

— T]poknatoe o6miectso! ! 

HHYCh OCTAHOBLJICA NepeXb OHHM’b OKHOMb H YBURBAb 
TOUHO XYMUORXHMNKOMb PaspHCOBaHHbH CaxkeNW MOTOIOK'b, Kpo- 
mevqHyw new (rab ofgako ropbab KOKCL), CTYbA Cb pac- 
MeneHHHMH COMHKAaMH, Yon seMAAHOH Dob wv Wha 
CeMCHHHH yJelH 3b MaTepH, OTHAa H wWwecTH peOATHIVEKh Bb 
NOXMOTLAX'S. Ero BIeKIO Kb 9TOMY Oary, OAD XOTHID OW 
TY1a BOTH, ApyKecKkH MpoBeCTH Cb HHMH Beep; 9Ta KapTHHAA 
qanoMHHa eMy ero co6cTBeHHOe ABTcTBO, KpPecThAHCKYD 78 








fA Y CD. 9 


qx«KYy, rob, cpeqa TycK10H AUMeTH UW HYXAH, OHS BHPOCH Bt 
qHHOUeCTB'B. 

— Oi! TpaxdaHAHb Ibe! 

OND ABUHYJIcA Aanbiiie, pascMaTpHBad Cb KakHMB-TO Hbat- 
HWM YNveHieMb AaBIeHKH Ch THHJIHMH AOTOKaAMH, JelleBLIME 
KOH'DeKTAMH, OAHKAMH CB NAaTOKO!, Ch AenewikaMH Ha cars, 
quporaMH Ha NPOropKJOMB Mach, -- WaBqieHkH, TAB WeBepE 
OTKPHBaNTCA CO 38BOHOMb KOJOKOIbIHKa, yxAaCHO oONro He 
CMOIKANIILHMh; OHD CMOTPBIb Ha RaAKie PeCTOPAHFHKU Cb 
KRerbsHou Newkott W WIMHHOH Tpy6ol BOW Too CTBHH, Cb 
ABYMA COCHOBHIMH CTOaAMH A, CaMoe O6onbiiiee, Cb TB BH8aILaTbD 
CTYIBAMA AIH NochTuTeteft,—Bce ATO OKHBHTO Bh HeMb 3aTaed- 
HA QBTCKIA BOCNOMHHAHIA O podHHb, Kakb COmHMe ORNBIACTS 
OBBTOKb CBOHUMH Jy daMuH. 

JleKIMNAb, NOLO6HO MpaMHAKy, co6mpawtleMy KaMHH, 3alla- 
cayicd apryMeHTaMH. OH Cb CONporaHieM’b BCNOMHHAIb © 
6opb6b cb Anycomb Ha Bupxb tpyna. Hukorga stor mpo- 
THBHHKD, Cb cBoeli pasipaxawmle-cNoKOHHOH yHOKON, ch 
OpHTBOpHOH GealapTinHocTbhwO. BCTABKAMH, BO3paxeHiAMH 
HOMpaBKkaMH, He OFHOCHJICA Cepbe3HO KB anapxin. Jlekauat 
CMepTebhHO HEHABHABAB ero 38 HEOHUTANHO COAMARAeEMBIA Ba- 
TpyOHenHia Bb CNopaxb HW XeCTOKO OORHHAND Qube Bb HeEI06po- 
coBbceTaoctH. Jia MH He MOB OHD ONTh HekKpeHHuMD! Jloponw 
AHAPXHCTOBD ONLIH CAMWUKOMD Jornoan. Bb cyuiHocTH OH 06- 
MaHHBaeTh Camoro Ce6s. 

Bb teqenie mbcaua Jlekunh NPOTHTatb OrpoMHoe Kou- 
YeCTBO Opomwph HW, HM'bA TeNepb Bb 3ganacb Wb apceHarb 
HOBHXD AOKasaTeNECTBb, PAICTHINBATh OWeIOMUTh HMA Opo- 
THBHHKA. .18, OND NOCTABUTH CO THUOMD Kb JNOY Cb CaMuMb 
GO6ul, 3aCTAaBUTb BHHKAYTbS Bb Camyl GytHocTb Bonpoca. H 
6e3b BCAKHXb OFOBOPOKd, yBepTOKb WH ykKNonesif! OnB sHUIb 
SQNYTHBAWTS MpeqMeTh Copa. vleK1NAb HePBHO KyCa.Tb HOrTa 
BB ORM AaHIA Gon. HanBuad cxomacTHuieckad BBpa, B3BHHIeHHOe 
camomwmdie, MTaMeHHoe ycepnie HHKBH3HUIN, CrpacTHoe xeJanie 
YBSHOb6TS epeTHKa Ha KOCTPSB, HaciIbHO BHPBATh MpPHsHaHie H3b 
YCTh MATEKHHKA — BCe STO Yparahowb TpeoHocHA0ch Bb Ayub 
HapTuzana oOulecTBenharo CTpPOA, He 3HAlOULArO HH 3aKOHOBS, 
HA [paBuTeJIbCTBA, HH TPaHHilb YesORBbYeCKOH cBodusb! 

— Bors u @pancya!—sockankuyab BBAWAK. 

Pesonwui0HepH BOUL HW, Bb KatecTBh 3aBcerntaTaeBts, Ipy- 
RMECKH MOSAOPOBATHCH Ch KaOaTIHKOMD Bb CHHeH 6.1y3'b, OrpoM- 
HBAUWIANDS MAJINM >, Cb PYYINUIAMH 3eM.TeKOtla. OTO ObIb Kpac- 
Bb, 8300POBEHHHH FeOBBKD, Cb OOPOCWIHMD IWleTHHOM THWOMS, 
@b riiazaMu, Kakb y Obnaro romy6a, H COUHHMH ry6amyH. Ou 
TpocraByJicn ThMb, WTO BO BpeMA OFHOH BeyepHed Tonofku 


10 m YF POdg 4H. 


CBaJHIb HA 3eMIIO TPeXb MbAHHX®S UW Yepxasb AX’ Bh TAKOME 
MONOKeHIN WO MpHXoaA MONMUeACKUX. 

— Kakb abana, rpaxaanuub Dpancya? 

— JJomanenbky... NoMadenpky! 

Ogu NPOMIA Bb 38AaNHWW KOMHATY, OTIBICHHYD OTb KadadKe 
yY3KUMb KoppHaopomsb. Eije weqaBHoO Ona CAyxXAIAa MBCTOMD 
OOHTHHXD coOpanili DA KOUeCKTHBUCTOBb; HO BOTH yme HB- 
CKONbKO MBCALCBb, Kak’b AMb M&JI0-(10-MaJy MPHUWIOCh OTCTY- 
NUTb Nepeab avapxuctaMa u uepelitH Bb Apyroh ka6ayekb 10 
COCBICTBY, & CBUpbioe HalpaBenie TeOaToB’h H8POHANO Kak THA 
Henb Oonbe po6knxb. Bb KOMHAaTB, Bb 9TY MBHYTY, OHIO CeEME 
YeENOBBKD, SespasoTHHXb OhIHAKOBS, HANPHBABLUUXS PoTK 
Bb TEUPeTHICCKHXD CNOpax’h; Tpoe H38b HUXDb OWA AHAPXHCTH, 
Tpoe qWleHOBb paboveH NapTid H OMAR He3saBHCHMHH eMo- 
KpaTb; OMA GescTpallanli craphft pautTbe, OKyYHaA Bb KOUDAKh 
H O6cachBad KYCKM Caxapa, Qld co6cTBeHHaro pasBleyeHnin 
NOAZaMOPpHBaIb CHOPLAMKOBt,, HAYCbKHBAA UX’ Apyrh wa Apyra. 
IloppeMeHaMb He3saBHCUMH DeMOKpaTb BCTYNab Bb CHOpd, H, 
YTOOH RACTABHTb CyWMaTb Ce6A, CHIbHO BOSBHIUaTb Fosoch, 
noxoxiit Ha TpyOHHH 3BYKB. 

— Jina ocymlectBieHia cCcouiatu3Ma HY#XHW CcOUiaJMCTH., 
Kakb (JA AMIHHUH HYXHH Ala... a BO Dpanuin-TO Hu ABTb 
CONJAIHCTOBD! 

— [lotomMy 4TO HeBO3MORHO BeECTH pomaranay Bb AZepesub! 

— QOtcyTcTBie cColiaIHNcToBh He MBulaeTb! [logemy 6H Be 
COPNACHTbCA HAMS OOWHMH YCHIIAMH DOOHBATbCA Y3CTHIHHXb 
pepopMb? Bab He MOEMb XC MH pPasCUHTHBAaTb Ha OcCyiite- 
cTBIeHie ColiawHcTuyeckaro CTpOA Bb ado MoMeHTD! OTO 
He NoMbmaeTh DbIY PeBOANMUIL, HH OTB Koro He DoTpeb6yerca 
oTpeyeHif OTb CBOHXD TPHAUHNOBS, &@ MexTy ThMb MORHO 
6HI0 6H NOKOHIETh Cb Han6orbe OcTpHMH TpOsABIeHiAMH HH- 
meth. TlocrHy# cynb Ayame, YhMB CoBChMb 6e3b Cyna... 
BosbMeMb, HallpuMbys, Hasora... A xoyy, ITO6H TrocyAapcTBO 
He B8HMaJI0 HXb HelocpelcTBeHHO Yepesb CBOHXb areB- 
TOBb, a OO6Narano OH OTNBIbHO Kaxayo o6muny. ITAMD 
6na OH JOCTHrHYyTa TpoMayHad 9KOHOMIA... HOO MOP H MYHH- 
Wu0aIbHH COBBTD BL OYHb MHOFHX’d MbcTax’b peinowsn On 
CaMH COOMpaTbh HaJIOrH, TSM OUNaMBaTb cenianbHaro cOop- 
WWHKa. 

— [JpaBuTenbcTBeHHHe areHTH HeoOXOquMH — 3aMbrul'b 
paHTbe. 

— Jia HaMb HatleBaTb Ha TO, OGyneTh JH Bb KOMMYHAXb 
SKOHOMIA MH HBTb!—BOCKIUKHYIb ONAN’ KOJMICKTHBHCTD. 

— HakonuJenie c6epexeHiii Bb COeperaTeNbHWXx'b Kaccaxb — 
2TO Baslophb, A HM'BW Bb BUY HBITO Sombe BasHoel.. HanpH- 
Mbp, mocrpouts roporp! Mapuxb—rpomaneud, OH} Bech Npo- 


AHYCh. il 


BOHAIb, KHUIATh BCAKOW HEYHCTLN, Kakh cTapHi chp. Iipaue 
YYROBHINHO TAK KHTL APyrb wa Apyrb. A nepenowy sHepriv 
Bb Apyroe MBCTO, CO32aN HOBHH UecHTpb, CTpow roporp. Xe! 
‘JoMaNTh YTOUOBY, YBMb B88HATh CBOGOMHHA pykul.. Crponmi. 
ropona HW WA BCBXB Haligetca padota. 

— OTO HenpakTnyso!—BOCKIHKAYNDb paunthe... — Cocymap- 
CTBO He JOJKHO CTPOHTh roponoBy! 

— Hogemy #e OHO He JOKHO CTPOHTh TOpooB? 

— Jlotomy ¥To He fOmKHO! 

- A moka okombsali cb ronozy! 

— Orombsaii cb ronony!—cHoBa Hadanb HesaBiciuMHl ne- 
MoKpaTb... — Ilyctb! Ho noyemy sxe, cb Zpyroii cTOpoHH, He 
COFHACHTBCA BCBMb NapTiaMb BMBCTB AOOHBATLCA ycTano- 
RHeHid Ja OespadotHaro pa6oyaro MHHMMYyMa 3apadoTHOK 
WaTH OTb TocywapcTsa 20 ThXb Oph, DoOKa OND He NpH- 
cTponTca? 

— Bor. kakb! — DpespuTerbHo Npousnech 6ypmya. — Ho 
BBAb STO Npemin ANA Seanbabunkoss! Kakumb 06pa30m, cka- 
KHTe, Orpadite BH CeOA OTh S6e3 a bIbHHKOBD? 

— Sl uXxb 6yty pasctpbinBato!—ckazantb Demokpars. — O! 
no MoeMy, KB YeMY TAaMb CCHJIKa; Haero nox06Haro! Beanbap- 
HAKOBb 3 OW pascTpbIuBar! 

— Beaukonbono! Bu, no Kpakuneli mbpb, wectHwi conis- 
IHCTb, H A KB BaMb OpHcoeswAAbcs. Jia, ecu BH OyseTe 
PAasCTPhAUBaTh 6e37BIbHHKOB, TO A Cb BaMu! 

H, o6cachBasa nocrbaAgili Kycok’b caxapa BMBCTB cb DocarbLA- 
HeH Kallieli KOHBAKY, paHTbe 10 BOeCHHOMY paCKJaHAICA Ch 
peBounlioHepaMH. 

Mesrny ThMb Jsbe H ero TOBAPHIIU, 8akasaBbh AHTPb BAH! 
H Tp 6YTHJIKH adceHTa, MOJ4a NPHCAYUIMBAIUCh Kb 8TOMY pas- 
ropopy. DBAHAKD KkallIsMH DpH6aBisal'b BOLY Bb CBO CTakaH, 
H@NOJIHCHHHH a6CeHTOMb, H BOJHH CMBCH MONOUHAarO WBBTa 3a- 
CTABIANH CFO ULYPHTb rasa OTb YAOBOJbCTBIA. 

— Ba!—BOCKIHKHYIb CHOBA OJUHb aHapXHCTb, — BCB 93TH 
YaCTHYHHA MBPH — TONbKO 38aNaTH Ha CTapHXb LITabaXx. 
Kora WIT@aHH H3HOIWesH, HX'b HYXHO 88aMBHHTb HOBHMH. Hamie 
OO6DIECTBO Takb IpOBOHAO, YTO eFO HYAXHO H3MBHHATD, CBepxy 
lO HH3y! 

— J\bucTBuTeIbHO,—CNOKOHHO 38aMBTHIb Anycb — 4TO6nu 
CABIaTh PpakuiW CywacTAHNBOH, AAA 9TOrO HATh, BUAUTC-IH, IY4- 
maro CpecTBa, Kak'b Depe6uTh BCBXD pavy3oBb, u60, korga 
HAapOb Tak'b CTap'’b, erO HYXHO 8aN'BHUTb HOBHMD!.. 

JlekKIHDb Wpomauleo pykKoW Moguechb KO pTy CTakaHb # CH. 
!IPHTBOPHHMB CHOKOACTBIeMb, TAKD WOXO CKPHBABIUHMb ere 
APOCTh, ITO H caMbe Piynbe Moramu O Hel JoragatTbca, mpo- 
GOPMOTAID: 


6 


/ 


12 Km fr. POR HA. 


— Meus, O0HakO, YAMBIAeTH. TpaxkAaHNhd, Balla NOCcTesH- 
Had CKIOHHOCTS Tpy6o0 BHIWyUNBaTD Haun naen... Ilhrs, me- 
caymalite, CKaxKiTe MpAMO H OTKPOBeHHO, UTO CMBUIMOrTO wa- 
XOJHTE BH... Bb anapxin? 

— Konequo, 4 ulysvy,—oTs6THab O.1be.— Ho Bb oto myTKh 
ropa3yo Oebiue rpyctu, whup cmubxa. Mab rpyctno, ye 
AWM pacTpaiHBawTb WoMmycTy CBO SHeprin. 

— llouycry! — Bockankuya> BBABARD, Cb Cepbe3nnMb BH- 
MOMb ApoRowKAaA MOpuroToBaATb croft adcexth.—BoTh Kaxsl 
NTO BeanKorbano! TH mWpeAnotuTaellb TPYCcoBh, AOXHYUIHXS 
Cb Trodony Moma... JloBkKo xe TH CTApaelbca 11a 6ypxyesp). 

Bb sTo BpemMa JleKANAb, UPOTAHYBh pykys COBAWIb 3Hakb, 
yTO6H Bch 3aMo4a.JH. 

— Bu comasrbete nach... Ba o4enb BeIKOTYMIHR! Ho. 
CKaxKuTe, TpakTaHHHb, NoeMy comambeTe BH Hach? 

— HA yxe BaMb 9TO cKasatD. 

— QO, ma! Bu cka3anH, uTO MH pacTpatHBaem®b 0 nyetTy 
Hal CHI... Ho ato CTaphi apryMeHTb, HW ero BCergqa TH- 
Kalla Bb HOCh HOBAaTOpaMD! A He NOTPyANTech JH BH elt: 
padb H3JORUTb HAaMb Ball BOSpaxkeHiA MpPOTHBb Haulell en- 
CTeMH? 

— OTO On0 OW HemHOrO Aonro. Ho.ec.1H BH MORenaeTe 
HOCTAaBUTh MHB BONpOCH, TO A MOCTapawch BaMb OTBBTHTB wa 
HUX'. C, ' 

— fi BB sTOMD BCA TBOA NuatTa!—ckKaszanrb bbanAKD. —- Hy, 
Cb Te6A B3ATKH Miatkn! 

— Hbrb, «A maaty ene 3a TO, ITO BHIMHIb, — Lo6Opoay mH 
COCTPHIb Juke. 

— He wh3b ue Bo Bpema!—sambruap Jlexknngt BbaRaKy,—- 
TH MBIUVeIUb HaMb MOKOHHTA CUOps. 

BBABAKD HacMBWIHBO NOAMHFHYAB HW 2akasadb ce6b ene 
nopniw adcenta Ha cyeThb Oe. 

— A coriacend cTaBnTb KOMpOCH,—CHOBa Hayath JleKIHY. 

— H3b kaTexusuca! — onmaTb BMbolaica Bhauans --- Hy, 
Repxkucp! 

— JTO HeBHHocuMo!—BcnHABNS Jlekn1b.—He naacHnyan! 
ITpestne Bcero, rpakaHHHb, YCTAHOBUMDb (akTh: CyUTaeTe Bhi 
Hale AB10 cnpakelINBHMb Win HBT? 

— RKonequo, — otebriab dane. — llockoabky Bb HeMb 38a- 
KTOVaeTCH CTpemdenie YCTpaHiTbh Collaibuyylo Neco paBeRig- 
BOCTb, OHO, OTBHAHO, CIPaBed.IHBO; HO 9oT& CIpareZAHBOCTL 
HpuXONHTh AWHHABM pAb cTyfeneli ob Map.laMeHTapaaMa 
qepesb Couiau3Mb 2O KOHETHHXD MpeAB.10Bb ahapxis. 

— Patukann—uuembpp! 

— He otpuuan. Ho mb.10 Bh AOKTPHHAXb. a He Bb AMY- 
HOCTAXD. 





HeBY CL, 13 


— YTO KacaeTcA LON rpHuih, TO HH OHA H3b HAXDdD He 3a- 
TparHBAeTh CYMHOCTH BONpoOca; BCB OH, AKG DWOKTPHHA KON- 
MCKTHBHCTUBD, AONYCKAWTh Oypaxyasnha MpHBuNerin... OTAK 
Mbl OCTACMCA TIUC.TB10BaTebHH, TpeOyH OCYMecTBIeHIA WpaBa 
B® BCeH eFru CTpOructTH. 

— Kakoro lpaBa?—cnpocnab Qube. 

— HeTnuuaro opapa Oxo OHO TObKO Hu ecTD! 

— Kakp eaunt bert! 

— Kro ropoput, samt o Bork? Agapxia omupaetca TOKO 
Ha HONOKITeMbHLe DakTH. 

— Ho ungero HBTb Mente NonokuTedbHaro, 4bM’b paso! 

Oxpayennnle nepal! TPeleTOMb APOCTH, BUB CTadH BHHMA- 
TEALHO NPUCAYIUNBATbCA. 

— llonnMaw! —Bpockaukuy.apb Jlekauab.-—Hy, xopomo! Cra- 
HeMb Ha OTy MvYBY 2.14 Havada WYK baimead Ha Hel... I paso... 
YTo NuauMaeTe BH NOD WpaBoMb? Kunequo, 6eam rpouKHXxd 
Ppasb, ve WpaBaa an? 

— Ho A BaMb pagsb ABAaQuUeTh ye H3Aralb STO BE 
Bupxt! 

JlekIHIb NoKaNb W1eiaMu, CTapancL YBRPUT APyTuxd Bb 
CBOCMD fpe3p Bull... 

— JTO CuBcbMD ne To! Bol Bcerfa 38anyTHBatn Balun 
MHCI Bb Tahid (ppasu, Yu CaMb UOPTD He pasodpaica 6b BB 
HHXdb, &@ A skelawW Tudnaro, Olpedboenwaro OTBATa... BNoOIHB 
OUperAbsAcHHaro!.. He OCTABINIOWAlO MBCTa JIA YBeEpTOR'’b, JOri- 
Yeckaro o6cyaLeHiaAl. 

Oub oCO6eHHY HOoAdePKHYAb COBO ,,.7OrHIeckaro’, Cb BH- 
PaKeviemb UpuTBopHare HpespBEIA Kb CUOCOOHOCTHMD MPOTUB- 
HHKa. H, Upeayopeadasd ofB bib NOTE HALO, I1posl0.1aeab: 

— Bb CuoraucHtd Cb sTUMb, He Npabaa an? 410 Bh DyMaete 
Oo Dpast? 

— Jlanuo. Ho BH rayino craBnte cRoli Bonpocb. Dopmy- 
Agpylte ero Tounbe. HMbere an BH Bb BIAY ectec Benue 
1 paBo, AKO-6b NpHCyuee GeTOREKY Do KOSKHURHOBEHIA BCAWKALO 
JOLUCCTBA, WINK UpaBbo COUiabHoe, UpaBo AOroBopHive, YCrado- 
BAIGHHVE KUJWICKTHBHUKW) CUBOKVITHOCTEIO HHANBHAY YNOBb? 

— A Mpocu.> 6b Bach He WpUudbrath Kb nyetoli dpase- 
onOTiIN!- saphyaiL vleknab.—PasBbb MB, ahapxXucib, Npi- 
BHSOMDL HHve Npago, Kpomb paba ecCrecTBeHHal oF 

— [lpepocxuanol Teneph Bon pocb AH Mend xCen'D. HraKts, 
MOH Jloporell mpawkaannyd, Moe Mivbule U CCTeCTREHHOSb UpPaBb? 
A He BUAY HH Madbiiiaro NohasateJdbeTBa Bb Wolbsy cyule- 
CTBUBAaHL! Takoro MpaBa... 

JLuKIN CBUCTh MuCAb aca Bb OTBLTB Ha VTH CAOBa Ibe, 
a OPH BAB atTuxd OcbinyXd, Ge3sKpOBHHNb, UPNNAOVHDXD 
AQUb, CL BHpaKeHieMb CEKTaNTCndd NETEPIHMUCIH, UpH BUUS 


14 * “Tr. POSH HE. 


yTOrO BHesalvaro MIpHJIMBa HeHaBMCTH, Qbe CaMb ObLTb BO0:- 
MYUICHD 10 6OBMeHCTBA H, Cb BH3HBANUeH YIHOKOH Ha ycTax" 
OKHHYIb BCBXD CHEBAHMS BariagoM’b. Pasbepb, Bcermla BOv- 
MYMaBlwilcA NOANOCTHO TOINH, NOMBCTHACH PATOMb Cb HMB, 
xoTA Goswbe Dpyruxd OWb OropieX'd OTPHUaniems cBoero bora. 

— SamMomuuTe Ke BH, OapaHbe CTanqo!—BOCKIHKAYIb OHb.— 
Sro uAioTCTBO TopuaHuTb BCBMB cpazy. Ecau menawrTb cio- 
pUTb CepbesHO, TO HeJb3a BecTH CceOA Takb FHYCHO. 

— Takb, 10 BAalleMy, CpaBbeyMBOCTH He CymIecTByeTb!— 
BH3aKaIb DBLAAKD. 

— [Ipapo we cymectByeTb! [Ipaso!—cb sapoctTby opalb 
OHH BOCEMHaINaTHIbBTAi raMenb.—I[Io BalleMy, HaO H3aTb 
NATKA y Oypxya! 

— Yxe OHO TO, ITO OH OTPHLAeTh paso, RoKasbBaerTs, 
§YTO OHO CymecTByeTD! 

— JKuBpoTHoe!—BockKaHKHyJb Papbepb.—Ecau A Te6b cRaxy, 
STO HA JYHB CHAHTb CTOXBOCTad CO6aka, TO TH, OTPHIaA 9TO, 
HEYKeIH TOKaxellb, ITO Takad coOaka Tam’ ecTb? 

Ho Jlekinyb, MOOMpeHHHH COTYBCTBIeEMb CBOHX TOBAapH- 
eH, Npoctepb pykKy HU, Cb BUAOMD GesnpucTpactHaro 6naro- 
AYO, DpoHnsHect: 

— Topapumu, ycnokotecb! Onnoro oTpuuania upaBa ene 
HEMOCTAaTOUHO; HYXHO, ITOOH OH WOKasalb CipaBeHBOCTL 
eBoero OTpulanid... 

— Jia, na, nycTb WoKaKerTs! 

Beb cpasy yTHXIH Bb HBMOMD MG6ONHTCTBE, yoromoeduee 
XBacTIHBOH nosol Jleknnya, o6bmuasmiaro, KasaJiocb, UpulepeTb 
Rb CTbHB cBoero NpPOTHBHHKA. 

— Orpunania DokaswBaTb Hevero,—3aMBTHIb ube. 

— Orpnuauie ectb Hw yTBepxzeHie!—HacTaBATeIbHHMD TO- 
HOMB Dpoushec’b KakoH-TO MaeHbRifi qeloBbiekb WbTb WBa- 
AUaTH OATH, APAXIHA OTb HUUeETH H HepBHOCTH. 

Bcb ocTanbHhe XOpOMb MoAsepKaiw e©o, MOBTOpAA, FTO 
eTpulanie ecTbh H yTBepxeuie. 

— Ilyctb Takb,—OTBBTHIb O1be.—Ho ato yTBepxenie, BbpHu 
AU OHO, HIM HeBBpPHO, NPOTHBOMONOXHO TO CMBICAY WpeqyyaAy- 
meMy H Bb 9TOMDB ero pa3H4le. 

— JOTO yBeptkal—3aphualb raMeH. 

— OTO yBepTkKa... OHS 3aMeTaeTh CIBAH! 

— OTO OTKIOHACTh HAaCb OTb BONpoca, — CHOBa Havanh 
Jibe.—HA TroBoph JIMWb, ITO He HAXOKY HU Mawbiidiaro WoKa- 
ZaTeJbCTBA Bb I0Nb8y CYUWIECTBOBaHiA eCTeCTBeHHArO pasa. 
He takb mu? BuTb H BCe. OTO He yTBeEp#eeHie; 9TO OrOBOpKa, 
COMHBHie, Kakoe AH BHIPasHJb ON, NONO%RUMDB, YeOB'BKY, eCH- 
6H OH CKazanb MH, ATO H306pbb adpoctaTh, ITOOW MeEpe- 
AeTBTB Yepe3sb WakeTHy!0 CHCTeMY. 


489 C b. 19 


— QO, YOPTh BO3bMH,—BCKPUYAS ramMen'b,— OTL Hero, KpoMB 
NYCTHXD (Ppasb, HAIero He AoO6beubca! 

— OTO Npocto uryHt! 

Papbephb, packpacHBBiilics, Kakb Meika, 3a0pas: 

— Heyxenu rpaxyanunb Molkanb NoBOAb Kb TakAM’b BH- 
paxeHiamb? Hy, ckaxu TH, Jleknun. 

— Jia, — oTBbrunb TOTS NocaAB MMHYTHAarO MOWYaHia — A 
BUXY Bb STOM'S KeNabie Colrarth. 

BBAHARDS, NOMHABS CBOW KOPOTKY Tpy6ky, HmacMBbOIHBY 
Ipou3Hect: 

— Hy, naguo! Ilycrs qoKamers cBoe comHbuie. 

— Bors, Bort! 

— Comubuie ecth Takxe yrBepxyenie!—noBTopH.1b raMeHb 
apopH3aMb Apaxsaro Masaro. 

— Monqu, asryuixa, — mpepsars ero Passeps... — Iocrb 
STOrO NpPHW0ch 6H BBPATb BCBMb CBHHCTB&M'b, COIMHCHHHIM’D 
iesyHTaMul 

ONbe TepIbInBO CHABID, DOKAYHBAACK Ha CBOeMDS CTYJB, 
YCTPEMHBS [asa BL CTBHY HW BeCb COMporadch OTb CepxaH- 
Haro rHbpa. | 

—— Octapbte, Papbept!.. Ecru rpaxyaHunb Jleknuyb 4yB- 
CTBYeTh CeOA HeCHOCOOHHME BECTH CNOph 6e3b Noepxks 
STUXB HMOTOBE... 

— A, BOTS Kakb!—BOCKIMKHYAD JleRIHIb, ReCTOKO OCKop- 
61eHHNH Bb CBOeH ropzocTu. — SaMoNGHTe me, TOBAPHIIM... 
OTOTh YecTHHH TpaxAaHHAb BOCTONL3syeTCA BaMH, ITOGH CKa- 
3aTb, 4TO CMY HE YMBWTS OTBBTHTb. 

— A xy oTBbTa UMeHHO OTE rpaxyzannna Jleknuaa,—cHoBa 
Haqarb Oube.—IlycTb ORB NOKaKeTS MHB CyMlecTBOBAaHie ecTe- 
CTBeEHHALO pasa; Bb 3TO paso HH4OTO... PBIIMTeIbHO HAITO He 
qaeTbh MAB WOBOua DOBBpUTE. 

Jlexnub, Kpalibe CMYIICHHHH, NOTWEKHB&aA CIOB&a A MHICIH, 
HHUYBMb CHaqaa He MOI OTBBIHTb, Kakb ThMH we YTBep- 
KeHiAMH. | 

— HA ropopw, ITO pe6eHORs... poxmaomiftics Kb XU3HE... 
COTBOpeHHHA uA #wu3HH... AH ToBOpw, 3TO TakOH pe6eHOKD 
MMBeTE DpaBo Ha KKH... 

— OTO KakOH-TO 3aK0O0BanHHH KPyVb... TO Ke YTBepwAReHuie, 
HO Bb WHOK dopMb, Bb BUY UpeAycTaHoOBNeHHaro NpaBa; HO 
OTKY12 BHBOAMTe BH 9TO Mpaso? [loyemy O0WAD TONbKO *akTb 
oaBleHia Ha CBLTb 2aeTh BaMb paBo Ha KUsHb? 

— Jia pasb BH CylmectTByeTe Ha CBBTb, UTOOH RUTh, Te 
3HaUHTb Bhi HMbeTe 9TO MpaBo. YTO ACHO! 

— [paso? Bu umbere usBbcTuyl0 cuy, ITOOH KUT, CHIy 
AHA BpemeBHOH OopbOn CO CTHXiAMH, AONyckaw. OTY cHly NpH- 
pona 6e33a60THO TaeTh H OTHHMAeTS, Paschad MUIWIOHH MAJI- 


16 x. YT. POH KH. 


MiapioBb 3aponnuiell. Ho npaso? Tab tvtb uopaso? II pase 
WpelnoNaraeTh o6asannocms Bb KOMb-TO (Bb Bor’ wn Ye0- 
BBKS) yBaxkaTb H3BBCTHHA CROMCTBA, COGCTBEHHOCTb, H3BBCTHY RD 
BOSMOXHHOCTS UBHCTBIA Bb Apyroys cymectBB. Ho kako FOpTS 
MOrb Ob BHYIUNTD OTY O68:aHHOCTH BHAWBUDY 10 OTHOMeCHID 
Kb DpPyromMy 6e3b MpeRapaTebHaro DoroeBopa vOb sTuMd. 

— BH 6esb BCAKOM Haqu6HOCTH yCO#xHAeTe BOMpocL! — 
BOCKIMKHYNDb JlekKnuDd. 

— BbpHo, oHDb OoTaeTb apa. 

— QOHb ykKu0HuseTC:A! 

— OJFo, YPTb Bu3bMH, eTO LITYKA, CTapad 6GypxyasHan urpa! 

— QOuuopryxuctckad o6paszuua! 

Hepau Anyca, nakouelb, YCHOKOMINCb, H OH’ CTaab HCUH- 
THBATb YMHPUTROPAWIYH KaANOCTh KB UYCTOTB STHXb FolOBb, 
Kb QBTCKUMD 3a00yYRKNeHIAMD TON H Kb Cf B&OPHHMD Mpie- 
MaMb. Ilo BOpyrb wkencKiill ToACCh BacTaBHb ere BAYTPeHHO- 
BBAPOFHA Tb; @TOTb TO.10OCh NPOsRY Tab TOHUMDL HCKPexHOCTH H 
PIYOO. oH CROpOH, 

-—— OTo no.IocTh! OrsnumMatTbh y OBinaka ero 1paBo paBHO- 
CHJIbHO ONpaBAAHiky BCBXD HHBLCTeH Oy payasin, BCBXDb ope- 
CTY Meni Kathitada. 

Ob O6ePH Yc; BanATHTT CBOUMb CHOPOMD, OND He 3aM BTA 
HHKOVO H3b BOUT LUNHX’b. 

Patomb ct) PaBhepomb CToaao Npenectnoe coadanic, Wheywika 
Ka Cb pasropbBWHMCA ANU Mb OTb TNXOpadounol paduTh 6e3- 
MOKUHHOH MBICIM, CUCPAHHHXBINaA Bb ceOh BMKCTB Ch oKryder 
PPalieH MenuCTBeEHHOCTH Tupjve COsHabie CBurH MxH3HeHHOW 
CHIN. CBUMMH UpekpaCHHMH P.1a3aMH, TOJHRMN HereqoBania, 
OHa OpOoKHada Dive. TenpiaTdo lopaxesihil STHM’b OOUAHBIMh. 
HpespbuleMb CO CTOPOHL UdapoOBaTeIbHOH JVBBYWKH, OHb Cb 
6escHILHLMb WECTUMb UPOlanec: 

— SeviHb! Bb acoGeHHocTM He onKHE 6H ON BM'B- 
MIMBATLCH Bb Colla ibHne Boupocnl! 

Ene 6u.rbe BusMyleHHad 9THML 8am buanien), ofa DpHomu- 
SHNACh Kb HeMY H Chadala, 

-—— Y WeHIUHD CTV-ILKO Wwe YMa, CKOJbKUO Hy MY#XUHH'b! 
CabMute cf, Ppask AHR Dd? 

— shen WN Cosdaibl JIA Tponepetenin NoTOoMcTBa, Dav 
aa0uTH O CBUUX’b D.e@uuaX’b, WA Tord, YTO6u wKuTb Dub Haweit 
BBUUNTON... WH HH Ja vero Oerbe, — oTBBIHAIb Ob Cb Ham'b- 
PedHoli rpySucTp. 

— Tyounal- BOCKANKAYAa OHa. 

Apytie Woddepa&a ee. 

— |luyemy Gh yatb He OMpaBAaTb H padcTBa HerpoB Db? 

— shentudad rayube myxquybl.. Toatbko udivote MoryT 
YTBEpxK ath aT! 


Hw YC hb. 17 


— Muy scBb poxwkfaemMca Cb O2MHAaKOBHMH YMCTBCHHHME 
CHOCO6HOCTAMH! 

PaBbepb, B3fBb 3&8 PYKY MONOAYN WBBYWKY, CRazan: 

— Epa, passb TH He BHHUIb, ITO OHb OXHHB NPOTUBh 
Bebxb?.. Hey2xenu TH OyTewb Tak’ ke ryna, Kak OCTaIbune? 

H, o6panuijaaich 3aTbMb Kb ONbe, No6aBHI: 

— OTO MOA OUb, PpaxklaHHHb, ona eme 'BBIOHKA... 
Hago ee npoctuTs! A BH, OCTaJIbHHe, 3HalTe: A 3aABIAW, ITO 
JleKIHAB riyno BeeTh CHOph UW ATO, CCH OHS HE CNoOCcobeHb 
WpootKatb ero, TO A Ci'buaw 9TO BM'BCTO HeYo... H BH YBH- 
MTe, DoOHamOOuTCA WH MHB upHObraTb kb Oe34eCTHHMS Ma- 
HeBpaM. 

ToBapHUH-KOINeEKTHBHCTH TOTUACh %Xke CTauH Ha ero CTO- 
PpOHY, ITOOH TOCAaMHTh ahapXuCcTaM. 

— Hy, Hy, wycth Papbepb mpoyomkaer, cnops. 

— Hagnnaii, Papbept; ycrynmu-Ka emy mbcrT0, rpak ann 
vleknuyb! OB yRB eMyY TOKaKeTH! 

— QOHB He JacTb OpanepetTbh ce6a Kb CTBHB! 

Haupaad ayauTopin Ona cpasy OxBadyeHa 3J0BbIIEMDS 
OrHeMb CeKTAHTCKOH HEHABHCTH, 8aCTAaBIABHIeH ee CTpacTuo 06- 
PYMIHTECA HA OTETYOHHKOBL. JICKIUI'b, Ch HCKAaXCHHHMS OTS 
GOBIIeHCTBA JHIOM'b, IPOpHIas: 

— Jia samouqute BH, CBHHbU! Heyxera BH yMaetTe, 4To 
MHS HYXHO Balle Opabbe IA 3allWTH HallAxd uneh? 

— Byers pyratpca!—ckasarb Papbepb.—Ecaa onb xo- 
YeTh UPOMONRaTh, WYCTh NpomoKaer. 

Korga KOJJeKTHBHCTH, HakOHeltb, 38aMOmGain, Jleknuab 
XHTPO CKasaJB: 

— Bu cipanimBaete MeHA, TpaxaHaHb, oTKyya A Gepy 
paBo H 06s83aHHOCTL, He TAKd mH? BH He XOTHTe CormacHTsca, 
YTO O2NHB akTb powpeHig aeTh yoke paso Ha mRusHb!.. 
CoryacHh BH, UTO KH3Hb eCTb Oaro? 

— Jlonyckaw,—oTBbiatb Qube. 

— By, KOHeIHO, COrlacuTech H Cb TBMb, ITO YeNOBbyYe- 
CK&A RUBHb eCTb Ben Yalmiee ONaro Ha semsrb? 

— Mory H CB oTUMb COrmacHTsca. 

— CrbyopaTesbHOo, KM3Hb YeNOBBKa eCTb IVBAHOCTL, mpe- 
BOCXOLANIaA BCB Npodia WhAHOCTH, uW BCA N02u, 6yayqu onn- 
HAKOBH, T. ©. PaBHH... CJIOBOMb, BCB MBI UMbeMD paso Ha TO, 
YTOOH Hally 2%x*H3Hb yBaxanu. BoTb Moe 3akiM4eHie “3b Ba- 
HIHX COB. JICHO, CUBAOBATeIbHO, UTO CYINeECTBYeTh ectTe- 
CTBeHHOe paso. 

Ha 9ToTb pasb pasialuch alnmlogqucMesTH. Yyapb nonars 
whTKo! SHaMeHHTHH OOJITYHb CBIb Bb CBO COOCTBeHHYD 
ayxy. Jlexnuab oveHb Jorugent!.. Ycmokousmasca Kaa ch 

2 


18 “w. YT. POH  H. 


BOCXHIMNeHieMh NpHCTaIbHO CMOTPbla Ha AHAaPXHCTa WH Cerka 
aTINIOLHpoBasa. 

Ho JIHyYCh CNOKONHO YAHOHY.ACA M TOUbKO CKasasb: 

— Korga BH ycnokouTech, rpaxkaane, A OTBBIY. 

9TO YHHITOKHIO TpiymMd>b avapxucta. Haronelb, BoHeHie 
yersocs. 

— ONATD TOTS Ke 3akONLOBABHAM Kpylb,—3aAnBuAb JIbe... 

— Kakb 3ak0J20BaHHHH Kpyrb? Ja BbaAb OHS Tes, Upisa- 
Teb, IPAMO UpHneph Kb crbasl.. 

— Tuute!—3akpuyanp Jleknums. 

— JTO 8akKON0BaHHHH Kpyrb... Bb caMoMB J'brb, cupa- 
WIWBaW Bach, KAKHMB OO6PasoM’b M8b TOFO akTa, ITO WOBB- 
YeCKaAH HKH38Hb BeNMYaliliee 61aro, MO2KHO 3aKINUNTb, ITO Fe- 
NOBBKh O6NalaeTh eCTECTBEHHHMb UPaBOMb Ha 3TY KU3Hb? 
Eme pasb cnpaillnspal, oTKya 3TO npaBo? Hsb Kakoro CBepxt- 
CoulabHaro, CBepXb-YeNoBbyecKkaro B3aKkKOHONMONOKeHIA Wpo- 
nctekaeTB ono? Onn'b u TB Ke CHAN CO3TaWTbh Bach, yOu- 
BaloTh HW 3aMBHAWTb OpPyruMd, MW BCe Balle paso, kakb WY 
HHYTOKAHUMAarTO HacbKOMaro, 3aKJUOGaeTCA Bb TapoBanuhHXxb 
BaMb HaCTyNaTeIbHHXb HIH OOOPOHHATENIbHHXS CHIaXd. 

— Ho paab oTo Onaro, TO KH3Hb 3aCIyXUBAeTb, ITOOMH ee 
yBasxaJn!—BckpHianb Jleknurb. 

— OTO He ecTb paso. Ho nompo6yemb ycTaHOBUTb CBABYI- 
IYO Wb MexKLY STHME ONarOMb WY 9TUMD WpaBoml.. 

— Jja a ye crbuanb 9To. 

-- YopTb nobepu! Karp stro y Bac’ npocto! BepHemca ete 
pasb Kb BalleMy pasCyXJeHIN... H Ha STOTS pash paciwieHuMhb 
ero. [leppoe: , enoBbyeckan XH3Hb—L'BHHOCTL, MPeBOCXOMANIaAA 
Bcb Apyria wubyHOCTU‘. BoTb Bame ocHOBHOe NoNoReHie. He 
OyteMb Kb HeMy IpHazupaTeca. Bropoe: ,u Bch TOL OLMHAKOBH, 
T. €. pPAaBHH“... OTO OTKPHBaeTh CKOOKM, UCKYCHHA, Kak TAaKTH- 
WeckKili MpiemMb, HO Kpalihe BHITOKANA CO CTOPOHH JoruKH. H6o, 
CCIM CXOACTBO Je Mexay co60oW Opocaetch HamMb Bb rasa 
ropa3q0 CHIbHBe 0 CpaBHeHilO CO CXOJCTBOMb MeEKTY 10- 
WaqbMH WM ARUpadaMH... TO Cb aOcONNTHOH TOUKH 3p BHA HH- 
QMBUAYYMH HW pach MpeCcTaBIANTh DOBONbHO 3d4a4HTeIbHHA 
pasiHudia. CpaBuyuTe lalyaca H Dapnmanuna?.. u Oomrbe Toro, 
eCIHOH ake OHH OKasaIMCb NOXOKXUMM, TO THKO OHNO OF 
YIBepKTaTb, YTO TO, ATO MOXoxe Apyrb Ha Wpyra, Bb TO xe 
BpeMA HM paBHO Apyrb apyry. Bamu cko6Ku, Takum o6pa- 
30Mb, JeTATS Kb Yopry!.. HnTenrmekTyabuoe HepaBeHCTBO H pas- 
auvie OTPHUaTb HeBOsMOXHO... [IOKOHIMBS Cb STHMB, Mepeli- 
eMb Kb TpeTbeMy NOMOKeHIN: ,MH BCB UMbeMb OHHAKOBOe 
paBo Ha yBaxeHie Kb Hallied x2XH8HH“. ODYCTUMDb COBO odu- 
naKxosoe, ABIAIOUICeCA BBOJHHMB H CJYYaiHHMb. TpeTbe BB 
TaKOMb CJyiah WpAMO BHTeKaeTh 3b Nepsaro, H MH Doy- 





A HY C 4. 19 


yaeMb: ,/HH8Hb YeJ1UBBKa eCCTb OfpOMHad WBHAHOCTS, JI03TOMY 
MH uMbeMB UpaBo fa 2Ku3HbI“ JTo ACHO! CkaxuTe ste HaM’b, 
HokalyHcta, KakHM'b WYTeMb CoeqHHAeTe BH STY WBAHOCTH, Ht 
9TO 1paBO H& %XU3Hb, AHYITOHKHOE OTHOCHTeEIbHOe Cb abcolwrT- 
HHM'b? 

Ho cuymatTh Oonbme He xoTbuu. Cna6aa samuta Jlennuna 
AHMMIa UXb BCHKOH CHepKabHOCTH H, DOAHABLIHCh Cb MCT, 
KpHya BCB cpasy, OHH CTadIH THCHUTS Qube Ch Henpeowosu- 
MHMB KellaHieMb UYCTHTLCA Bh PyKoMmallHy. 

—- OTO Hallie DO dINe OOWleCTBO CO3qaeTh YMCTBeHHOe He- 
paseHctTso! 

— Bcb Hapoqu pasuull.. Y KutTasileBb CyMeCcTBYWTh Co- 
Manncrayeckia opraHvsalli Aydme HamHuxyl.. 

- TIlobaxalite-ka Bb A2KAPb HW DOCMOTPATe, CTOATS lu 
Hach apadu!.. 

— Pa6oci ropasqo cnoco6abe 6ypxya! 

— JJonol UNYTOBb H MOUIeHHHKOBD! 

— Ons ce6n sya! Onb Tako me coniamucTh, KakD HU 
Kw Peppu! | 

— BuaHo, 4TO OHS TPACeTCA 38 CBOH KapMan! 

JlekIuab HXb OonbMe He yepxuBaATh. SalWxasch vTb 
3106H, OHS OHI YAsB1eHb NpOeccopcKuMS TOHOMD, KAKHM' 
JIPOTHBHHKD YHHITOKATE ero OBOTH, a pacxpadpuBmiilica 
raMeHb PHCKHYIb HCHOATHIMIKA TOJKHYTb MpOTHBHUKA. 

Ho onb onnatasica 8a 9TO. Jibe OTOpoCcHIb ero pasma- 
WIHCTHMS yapoMb NO TOuOBh u, CKaBL CBOH CHJBHHE Ky- 
WHakH, BUACTHO H 6HCTpO paciucTusrE ce6B opury. 

— Meas XBaTHTb Ha BCBXS, ecw Bam yroyzago!.. BH mo- 
meTe HallacTh Ha MeHA XOTb WhI0K MlomuHOH... HO, mpen- 
yupesian, He 6e35 prcka aa cea! 

Ogu 3akoONe6anHCh, CMYUIeHHHe erO MNPOKUMH MleqiaMH u 
BHYUIMTeIbHOH Meso 6oKcepa. A Paspbepb, Bb BOCTOprb ors 
TOro, 4TO CMY MO2KHO BHLTH MPOTHBb TOJUH, Noowenb u 
CTaIb PALOMb Cb HuMb. Tora BMBMaIHCh KOMMYHMCTH. 

— BH HeOCTOHHH 3aHWMaTbca COWiaIbHHMU BONpocaMu,— 
CKazaib Cb mpespbuiemb Hnycb—BH He MYX4HHH, BH XaJ- 
Kis 6a6n. 

Onb BHIUCTh 438b ce6A H, pasipaxeHHuli rpy6ocThn, (b 
KakoH o6opBann ero pBib, 3a6HNb O CBOEMB OTBpalleHilt hb 
CTpacTHOCTH Bb HAeHHHXb Chopaxb, & HeCYaCTHHH DBaywari- 
MATHIBTHIK CTapHKS OOPMOTANb MesRAy TMB: 

— A BCe-TakH, pa3ab BH OTpUllaeTe IIpaBo, TO KaK'b BH MO- 
gseeTe Ha3hiBaTb ce6a coulaiuctomb? Ilo RamemMy, Hao, 4TOOM 
MH TOACTaBIAIN CBOW We NODb APMO, NOTOMY ITO He HM'beMb 
mpapa OyHToBaTh? 

— Tueaya yepteli! Ja Ha ITO BeMb CO37aBaTb H3b pasa 

Dad 


20 K Fr POoOdH dH. 


KakyW-TO pewrurin! Paspb He BO HMA UpaBa, Kakb BO BMS 
Bora, BBYHO Nopadoulamu yenoBbka? Passh Balllemy CBaAIleH- 
HOMY paBy Ha #XH38Hb He MpOTHBONOCTAaBAANTh CBAULEHHOe 
paso co6cTBeHHocTH? PasBb ABTS OoxecTBeHHarO HW eoradb- 
Haro DpaBa? CxomacrHyecKoMy adcoJOTY IPOTHBONOCTaBISNTb 
pyrie, He MeHbe yakie aGcoNTH, H STA MaHiA Kb COTBOPeHID 
KYMHPOBb OOpekaeTh Ha THOeIb CaMHA TyIMia Whaa. 

Ou'b CTaib PacipocTpaHAThCA HW YCTALWMh FONOCOMb BHOBb 
WOKasHBaTbh HeNbNOCTh (avaTu3Ma, sallWWad MPeuMYINecTBO 
ONHTa, paooOTH MHC, pasBHTIA, pallioHadbHOH OOpbOH Cb 3a- 
ONyRTeHiaMv, CBOMMDb MHOFOCIOBIeMb H MuNOCOieH BHsHBaA 
IUMb pasipamenie Bb CiymiaTeraxtb. besmomuBHan Espa 4yB- 
CTBOBaNla, KaKb pacTeTb ef HeHABHCTh Kb 9TOMY 6 AHTH-HUBE- 
AATOPY, Kb XONOMHOMY OTpHMateli0 peBONWOIOHHHXE orMma- 
TOBb. Hakonellb, Pasbepb, BugA 6esCMHCHeHHYO NMOKOPHOCTS 
TOBapHOLev, UpepBarb ero pub. 

— Bce paBHo,—Ckasaib OH MATKO,—BH HHKOMY He Tov- 
MbmaeTte BBPHTb Bb Npaso. besb npaspa HBTS clipaBewIuBO-. 
CTH, HBTB 3aKOHHHXDb TpedoBanHill. JI BCerya BHAI, NOBH- 
MaeTe JH, UTO OPH paBHHXb CuAaxXb W Opyxiv, nodbxeaan 
Tb, Ha Ube CTOpoHS 6HI0 MpaBo. O! Moxete roBopuThb, CKOMbKO 
yroguo. JlekKnuab WHTasica OOOCHOBaTh BaMb MpaBo... Upaso He 
HysklaeTcA Bb OOOCHOBaHIv... OHO *KXHBeTD Bb CO3HAHIK... H BH, 
rpasxklaHHHD, CosHaeTe CFO TAKb Ke, Kab HW A, OO XOTHTe Onara 
WWI Hapofa... XOTA Ballle WHIHCe MowoOKeHie H He B8acTaBIAeTb 
Bach xKeNaTb WepemMbuH Bb OOMeECTBEHHOMD cTpob. HbrTs, 
HBT, UpaBO He AOKashBaeTCA, OHO ACHO H OYEBHAHO, KAaKb 
comHie! OTO OHO COsTalO BeNHKYN PeBOJNUIN, STO OHO 3a- 
CTAaBHIO CTO THCAYB YeNOBBKb OoOpoTbca 3a KoMMyny... H, 
OyabTe yBBpeHW, He pasrlaroJbCTBOBaHiAMY O NOUbsB BH AO- 
ObeTech KePTBb, HEOOXODHMHXD DA OOPhOW Cb IpecTyNHAKaMH, 
YUpaBIAOUIMMH HaMH. 

MOHD pacxOxoTaJicH OTPHBHCTHMB CMBXOM4, & OCTAJIHEHE, 
BUOXHOBJICHHHE UMS, BHOBb yapbiu bora, apko UbWJaBmare 
Bb o6akaxb. 

— Bbpxo, BbpHo! bpaso, PaBbeps! , 

— Bpaso, Paspbepb!—ckasanb OuIbe;—HO TH pasCyxaellb, 
KakKb CBALLCHHUED. L 

PaBbep?b podouxkab CMBATLCA, KallJATb, Bech KPAaCHHit 
OTh HalupaxeHia, Korga Jlekuy'b, Ch BHCOTH CBOeH OCKOpo- 
JIGHHOH FOpHOCcTH, BAPyrb KHHYIB: 

— KouedHo, oNb upaBb.. Ho uw A He OMiMOaNCb, yTBeEp- 
Kan, GTO CaMHH akTb cossania MpHpozoW Takoro cy- 
DecTBa, KAKb YeNOBBK, coszaeTb IA Hero TN’ CaMHM'b 
npaBbO Ha CyYylIeCTBOBaHie. HKoHeYHO, MOKHO WbIaTb BATS, 
GTO He MOHHMAaeIb B8TOTO, HO IIpH OesipHCcTpacTHOMb 48- 





HAY C 46. 21 


CUBNOBaHi, HeJIb8A He COCNACHTBCA co MHOK. BoTh TO 
a ropopp. Uto xe KacaeTCA UpaBa co6cTBeHHOCTH, IIpoTHBO- 
HOCTABIAeMaro Hams OypsxyAMH, TO 9TO MHHMOe OpaBo, rHycHoe 
IIpuTasanie... H cyojecTBOBaHie MHAMHXb 0paBhb He AoKasHl- 
BaeTbh ele, ITO HCTHHHArO pasa He cymectTByers... OHO 
TORO WpaBo CHaceTb HaC’b, OAHO TOKO paso AOCTaTOIHO 
CHIbHO AIA paspyuiesia mpecTyNHaro oOmecTBa, skKcinyatu- 
pybularo TPyYAb H NpecMHKAaWIMaroca Nepeab KanuTasiomM’... 
Hakakie JOBOJH HHKOrMa He Bb COCTOAHiM GyHyTb oKOIe- 
6aTb Bb HAaCh BBPY Bb CipaBeIMBOCTb, MW OHA BAOXHOBATS 
HacL MY2KeCTBOMD BB ,BeHKIH eHb“. 

OHb OATH OBNAbIL BHUMaHieMb, a HHych, BOsMyIIeH- 
HHA BOsOOHOBIeHieMb ye MOKOHUeCHHArO CHOpa, ycTalo H Mpe- 
BPHTeNbHO MONYATb, TINTA Ha aHAPXHCTOBb, BHOBb BCIIbIX- 
AYBUHXb OpH cuopaxb Jleknuna. Teneph oOnb yHBIAICA, 
K&Kb MOIb OH pascepAuTECA Ha 9TO COOpHuie NOMBUAaHHHX'?. 
BuagkACTH, reqHCTH, paboyad MapTia, enje Kya Hu Wo! Bce 
xe OHH Bb OOIIEMB JyimMe NOWINXDL TBaapeH Oyp2xyasiu! Ho 
STH, YBH, OesHagexun! Ho, 6oAch OHTb HeECNpaBeJIUBHM, Ob 
BHYTPeCHHO CO8HAaJICAH, 4TO BCe Ke He BCS OHA Aypaky. 

— CkaxutTe-Ka, TOBAPHDI'b,—CUpOCHIb, Clerka TOJKHYBDb 
ero, OJHHb abapxucTrh.—Bw ve 6yneTe OTBBIATH? 

— darbmp? Bu Bch Bb NONHOMD cornacia! OTO BCe paBHo 
Kab eCIHOH A TOMeTb CHOPATh Cb NMAIOMHUKSMH Y FcoBHI 
JlypackoH Ooromatepu!.. 

Onb AMBIT BUNS WOObRTenHArO, HO 3TO ero HUCKONBKO 
He TP€BOKUN0O; OHS pasrIATHBaNb NOXyABBWIA WHUa Bb k.1y- 
6axb Ta6aqHaro AHM&a H II0CTeMeHHO Bb ero AYWy sakpadH- 
BaOCh MATKOe IVBCTBO COCTPananiA Kb STHMB DYCTHMDS KeyI- 
KAM, Kb KONOCCAIbHHMD HalexaMb HUMeTH. davbMb o6pa- 
WmaTbhcA Cb HHMH, Kakb CB unioramu? Kb yemy rabsune 
coopH? KoneyHo, of HAYTb UPOTUBS sapaBaro CMHCa UV Ch 
HavBHHMb OReCTOUeHIeMS OOPATCA MpOTUBS co6cTBeHHaro Oy- 
mynjaro. Ho He ecTbh JM 9TO0 BBYBNH ucTopuyecki mpo- 
yeccb YeuoBpbiectBa? He xecTOKO AM TpeOoBaTb OTS TOJIIB 
YTOHTCHANXS UYBCTBb, pBAKO AOCTYNHHXb axe Han6ombe 
a3s6paHHHMb HaTypamB? L[opoputb cb HHMV, YUHTb UXb, 0, 
KoHeETHO, HO Oe3b CypoBaro. neszanTuama, 6e3b oOpemeneania 
TARECTHO HAaYIAHXDS 3Hagill. 

Mexy WpouHMb, Obe BuCXHINAICA MUIOBUTHOCTLIO KBH, 
HovepH PaBsepa. Ova Ona O4apoBaTeIbHa, Kakb -1bCHOM 
OBBTOKD, M02’ CBOHMb MQCHBRHUMb aRYPHHMD FeNUIKOM, 
BB TOUYOOMb, ABCKONDKO Yepesuyph APKOMDb WatTy'b, cias 
BCBMH OTTBHKaMH HW KpackaMM MUpHpoww, pacTBOpHBMAMAC:: 
Bb MapHKCKOMB HCKYCCTBS, TOUHO HBXAHe 3akKH CpeqH Opi: - 


é 
22 wx YT. POA A. 


KepeHHHxXb UBbTOBb. HakaA TUYDOCTb CO CTOPOHH OTA BTA- 
rHBaTb ee BB 3TY cpeny! 

Emy cTaJi0O CKY4HO; H, OXBAYEHHHH YApyiaWMWuMb TyBCTBOMb 
Hena6'baRwOCcTH HM GescHJi#, OH CepeisO MOKA PyKH TOBAa- 
phmlamMb 4 TaxeNolH Moxoqkol ucyes, Bb rry6unb saan. 


I. 


BHAB ODMH W8b OOMAHIABHXS Mepe-lOMOBL CesoHa; THXiH, 
chphW eHb, Cb efBa 3aMBTHHMb YHOBeHieMb 3alagware 
Bbrpa; m0 HeOy Hecwacbh BepeHHla XOJODHUXb OO6NaKOBE; 
BpeMA, KOMa 3HMa Kakb OM OCTAHABUMBaeTCA, CTAHOBHTCA MAI- 
KOH WH paasMArvaeTb WoacKia cepaua. Cuaa y cBoero OTKDpH- 
Taro OKHa Bb WecTOMb 3Taxb, BHXOLHBUIeMb Ha KpHIM, Kea 
HyMaia 0 BBYHOMb BOspORTeHin MPApoOAH, O TOMB, ITO CKOPO 
CHOKa Ba3eJIeHBWOTh BBETBA A OXKUBYTS HaCBKOMHA, a DA Hex 
STOTb MAKIN Deub ONJIb TAKCIHMD HW POKUBHM'D. 

— Oxb!—Beoxnyua ona. 

Eii NPWNOMHHJIHCh NPOYWTAHHHA Jk OOBHBA MCTUpin, cocTa- 
BIAWMIT O6OHYHOe YTeHle DapHxXcKkuxd Whpywekh, Oowbe whw- 
HHA, Waxke Ooube TOHKIA, WbMb OOWKHOBeEHHHe pOMaHH, MW Bb 
STOTh pashpamawmilh Dewb Nepeys ueli BOCK pe Can UJ BHATeIb- 
He OOpa3h, BOWWWIHYECKIA CHeHW. 

Yue Gombe rogqa Mpoucxoqw7a BR HeH BetHkan padota 
mushy. BcbMb CBOHMb MNPOWINM'D Oa OHI HORTOToBIeHAa 
Kb STOMY KpH3Hcy. 

Ona nonHa Ona opoTHBopbuil. Pesomouionban Joruka 
BNACTHO JUKTOBaa el CBOOORHYW J060Bb, He Hanaralwlylo 
O6nsaTeIbHHXb y3b, HO BCeW HaTypol CcBoek) OHA MpOoTectTo- 
Bala WPOTHBb TpeOoBavixz 9STOH AOrMKu uw Bb ruyonHh Aywmu 
MeuTala 0 YeMb-TO, O6obe ONM3KOMB eA GHCTOMY WbBHIbeMy 
HHCTHHKTY, Oos'be BHCOKOMb, YBMS OOHKHOBCHHHH Opak'b, —0 
BBYHOK uw ray6okoH m06BH. 

Bb HWIaXb CA KIWIEMD 64.1a aad KPOBb 3OpoBoli pach, 
H OHa ABIANA COOOH THB HCTHHHOK MKPHOH IW6BL, cTpact- 
HOM WBBCTBEHHHUN, ORXNTABWeH MYKCKOM Wack WM COsHaBaB- 
mew 970. 

Bb cBveH 2XH3HH OHa He xoTbua uaObratTb HM panocteli, HH 
OOAsaHHOCTeH CBOelrU MOJa; OHA BOOOpaxkaita ce6A #HeHOH, M0- 
JOBHTOH MaTepblO H AyMada OOb 9TOMb COBePINeEHHO pocTo; 
ywacTO ef Ipekpacube Oobilie raza BHUMaTesIbHO PasCMaTpH- 
Baa MyxaqHHy. Ka BospacTh, HeTpOHyTaA YHCTOTA, He CMOTDPA 
Ha CTpaCTHOCTh HaTYPH, mbaatd ee 6eanoKohHot w HBCKOIbKO 
rpycTHoH. 

WH ona crawa Me4yTati. O YeNoBhrs, Ch KOTOPHMB CcoeqH- 





uwHY C bb. 23 


HHTCH Ha BCH MUBHb. Ona HCKAa ero CpeNi MapTiWHHX>b I- 
nei, OTHOCACh Cb OTBpAalleHieMb Kb lpencTapuTename 6ypxy- 
a3id, Kb MeJKOMY, TYHOMyY OphkKaaquny, KB padovemy 6esb 
comianucTuyeckoH BBpH. Ilepeaqb veh wpoxoxvan MHOrOdH- 
CNe€HHHA DUTypH ,Tpynow", Apy3bs# oTuUa, HO BCB OAH MazlO 
ipuBiekanw ee. Ona HeHaBH bia BChXb 3THXd Ky PHIbIME- 
KOBb H UbAHMI'b, & CCH KTO H He DWIB, TO MOWTH Beera 
9TO OHH CYXid, Oe3#xXH3HeCHHHA HaTYpPH, He BHBHBAaBLIs HH- 
KakHXh xKeNaHift. Ona 6H XOTBIa SHOOUTh KpPOTKaro, HO MyxKe- 
CTBEHHAaroO FeNOBBKAa, Cb CHIbHHMB YOJOCOM'’b, MeJLIMTeEIbHaLo 
H OCTOpOxKHAarO, Ch WIAPOKHMH TWwlewaMH, Cb IJHWOMb deBCa. 
TakoH CKPHBaICA Bb TYMaHb, H Bb eA BOOOpaKeHiu BCTABAIH 
ABB purypy: JlekIH'b, Cb ero NCeBAO-repoHyeckoH OcaHkoH, u 
KpacHBHH MaJeHbKill JlapaM9, Cb ero MleNKOBHCTOH G6opozoH, 
cb O6bu0H wee, Cb HeO6HKHOBCHHO JIaCKOBHMb JIMUOMDb H 
OFTapOBaTeNbHOM, BOCTOPXeHHO! yAHOKO. O6a onv ONIH MNpH- 
BUCKATeIbHH, HO JleKIHZ'b, HecCNOCOOHHA Ha H'BKHOCTH, MOB 
HHOOHTB rpy6o, XOTA HW MOCTOAHHO, a JlapaM9 C.IMILKOM'b MaJ'b 
POCcTOMB HW W060Bb ero MOF1a OHTb HBCKONIBKO peOadeckoH. 

BooOpaxenie yHOCHAO ee BCE able, H OHA MpelcTaB.Aa 
ce6B yxe Hawi poOKHX’b NoWbAyeBh, MMMONeTHHXb PyKo- 
noxKatTif, BOJHOBaBIUMXh YO riyoush Aymn. Ho papyrb Bb 
Hel TpocHynocbh uwhiomyrpie WHBCTBeEHHUMUN, HM OHA B8porHyla 
4 Hokpacn'ba. Kb nell BepHYy0Ch CaMooOJanqabie H cepaie eff 
OCTHJIO. 

Bbrepb ynanb, TYIM paschanucs, H He6O cTan0 BHIe H 
une, NOYTH Cepe6paHaro oTTbuka. H yHuwie Kew yCHuHI0Cb 
TIONb TAKECTLO BOCHOMHUAHIA H BileqaTJbHif, HaloJHABLUIHXS 
CTPaHHYO OOCTAHOBKY eA XXH3HH. OHA OTOLIAa OTb OKHA UH CB 
TAKCCThO Bb AYM'B, Cb COsHAHIEMh MYCTOTH 2HXU3HK, ONTO 
IpoctosAda, UPHCNOHHBIUHCh Kb CTBHB, Cb BHpaAKeHiemb [o- 
pew Ha ycTaxb. TIOTOMS BApyl'b, yoaBb AHUOMb Bb NOAYINKH 
MOCTe.1H, OHA 3alllakala, Bb PHUAHIAXb NauBad #KaOOM Ha 
CBO ONHHOKO IpoTeKawUlylO MU.101OCTb. 

Bescu1bHas, XONOHaA HW YHH:KeHHas, OHA, LavanCb, BHOBD. 
Nosomsa Kb OanwctTpanb okwa. He Bomnyemaad Oonbe 110608 
HHMH MedTaMH HW Kak’b Ob OMHIB ClesaMH CBOH 4YYBCTBa, OHA 
ODATh UPHAATACh BH@HBaTh O6pa3H. ITO 0 NpexweMy OH 
elexuuXb, Jlapams, coe;HHeHie oTHXb ABYX} ANUS, HO Conta 
IIPHMBOIBBAIOCL elle Koe-YTo: peBo.OUiA, CUacTbe Imoel, Be- 
AHKOe BOspoxKnewie yenoRbuecTBa, Bech SHTY3iasMb WHO 6ea- 
HOKOAHOK MHCAH, BCA OlaMeHHad Bbpa nupoobpalennaro, rb 
oHa ye saOHBana CeO, Kab 2KeHIMIIHHY. 

H BApyrb ona BCHOMHHAa CoOpanie y (Ppaucya, rb lekAUTh, 
€H OTEHb H OHA CaMa TAK BOJHOBAIUCh. PeBomwlioHeph! oFenb 
XOpomlo OTBBIANH, HO H TOTh, BTOTS SIHycb.. 


p4 K. ©. POd &. 


— [ovemy Anycs? 

Ona He 1OHMMamna, MoyeMy aH Takoe npossume? Passh 
TOJbKO XOTBIM AMD OKaszath, ITO Y STOTO WeNOBBKA DBS BSpH? ~ 

— JIuuembps? 

VM Bb Hel BHOBb BCOHXHY10 pasipaxenie NpOTHBS eperuka, 
xyxe, oTpuuatena. Bb oco6eHHOCTH eFo NpecTtylHoe sanBueHie; 
»CCTeCTBEHHAarO Wpaba HBB“ Kasajioch Keb TakuM’h xe XONOL- 
HHMb WH MpPaqHHMb, Kakb aTenH3Mb BBpywuemy. Ho Jlexnuy, 
eH OTeCIIb KH BCB Mpoyie pas6usH 'STOTH apryMeuTb. Pas6asH? 
Ho noveMy xe eHb OCTaICA CNOKOeHS, & OCTANbHHe BOJTHOBA- 
IHCh HW 4YTO-TO 6onTanu? 

— vluyembph?—nosTopusa ona. 

Ona BCA Dpomxana oTb OTBpallenia. Cb KaKMMB NpesphHiemb 
OCMBJIMICA OH CTPHUATh POIb XCHULHAH Bb PeBOMUIN, CTABA 
KeHMMAY HIKE MYRIMEH, Whaad ee NOMIMHeCHHOH, MaTepbw, 
NHUeHHOK JOrHkH, 6ONarozapaA pokoBow cayyahHoctTa mona. Ka- 
Kad HecipaBpermuBocTh! Towo Bc’ YesOBbyeCKiA CYWeCTBA He 
CTOATA Apyrb Apyra? H6o Tombko BocuouTanie uw MYyRCKOM 
SrOH3Mb, & OTHWAb He 6H IPUPODa OTOUBHHYJIH sKeHIIMHY Hasa'p! 

YasBleHHad Bb CBOMXb yObBxRDeniAXb HW TwWeCNaBiH, OHA 
UYBCTBOBaAa, ITO HeEHAaBHAHTb STOO Ty#Kaka, U He past'biaerh 
CHMMaTiM CBOero oTHAa. Bypaxyal O, KoHeqdHO, HacToamill 6ypmya! 
Ona 3aKpha rasa H BHOBb yBHbla ero, Cb CHOKOMHHM®S JH- 
IOMb, Cb MeIUTCILHHMH 2KeCCTAMH, HEMOBOPOTIUBALO, Ch CHIb- 
HHMb PoJlOcoM®... 

— QOHB He AypeHd, Hazo ONTS copasenznuBoli!.. Both y 
Jlexkimga rouoch 3BOHKIH, OHb KpacHOpbavBD UW ero pbdb XBa- 
TaeTh 38 AyOy! 

Ho, He CMOTPA Ha 9TO, TOTS CTOHIB epeyb Heli HeOTCTYN- 
HHMb [PuspakoMh, Kakb epeTHKS Mepedb MAKBH3HTOPOM. 
Mpaquad cekTaHTCKasA MeCTOKOCTb, BBIHAaAA HeNPHMUPHMaA He- 
HAaBHCTb IIPONOBBAHHKOBb pad Ha 8eMIB Kb COMHBAIO s8aroBo- 
PHIM Bb Heli; H OHA CMYTHO HAYHHaAIa wReNaTb rHuo6enM 9TOTO 
Anyca. Jipyrie BosMyIiasH ee, OHH NPOTHBHH, HO BCS OHH, 
Kakb H OHA, IPHHAMaH NepBOOHTHOe ,,1paBo“, Kak OCHOBY, 
KaKb TB¢PAYW ONOpy ApHAUMNOBD. 

— Jluuembps! 

Bb MAPKOCTH HaXBuraBIuHXCA CyMepek’b HeHaBHcTb Hsy 
pascbasach. HBckcbKO MHHYTH OHA MpocTosda HenmowBuxKHO, 
HOCTeNeHHO OCBOOOKLaAACh OTH TAKCINAXD PASMHDMAeHIN, A BHOBb 
TIpHAAIach CMOTphrb ha yauuy. ChBepuas# kpacota Bedepa, MIpH- 
Heciwas ycnokoenie BceMy OKpy#alomemy, no6banaa Key. Ova 
CHOBa BEPHYJICb Kb CBoeM DepBOHayaIbHOH MBICAN 06% H380paH- 
HHKB. XoNOTHOH, wKecTKIN, paBHOLYWHA YNOBBKD ycTyNuTh 
vbcro Gombe Markomy. Kakb Kash, ITO sTOTb Jlapama HeMHOrO 
He Bie poctomb! Ova Cb HBKHOCThO TOdyMasia Take 068 


HHYC Sh. 25 


‘OrPaHHFeHHOCTH ero yMa. Ho, He CMOTPA HH H& ITO, OHA BCE 
me mpeqnowtana ero. WH Bb NOCABAHHXD TY Waxh NOTyxXaWMlAxb 
CyMepeRBb rpamlosHocTh MaeHbKaro YeOBHiKa, Cb KpacHBou 
Ooponow, cb mpospayHow 4HCTOTOM Yria3zb, Cb B3HCKaHHHM?D 
TyaleTOMb H [aqkoh A sqoposoHm koxel, BHCTyOuNa ere 
apye. /la, oHb MpekpaceHt! 

Ha BocTor noquHMasica TOHKIM MbaHO-KpacHHit cepirb yu. 
Ch yuu 20 Eph fovecca samaxb apeHaro KaptTodes, a 
Ponapy 6pocamn RCNTHA JCHTH cBbTa H& TpOTyapH H Ha JO- 
pory. 

Ckopo BepHeTca oTelrb. 

— Cxopbe 3a 06573!—npomentana Epa. 


It. 


PasipaxkeHHan OypkyasHHMb POMAHOMS, BBATHMB 3b 6u- 
OMOTEKH, POMAHOMD, rab repofi cb TOpxKeCTBOMD OYYTHICA Ha 
BepmwiHHS OoraTcTBa 6arofwapA cBoeMy TPYY, HO C0BaMd 
apTopa, Epa HepBHO BHIIPAMHMIACb. 

— Cpyasal.. OB HAShIBaeTh cooums TPYOM' TpyIb THCAIU 
CBOHXS padoqnx'!.. 

H, oxbayeHHad 8106HHM'S NpoTecToMh, OHa OTOpOCcHIa KHBTY. 
[loToM OHA OCTAHOBHIACh Bb HEP BUIATCIbHOCTH, Cb TOPALIUM'S 
B30poMb, He MepectaBanh BHYTPeHHO CNOPHTh Cb NuCcaTeleMs. 

— Yro ob, Aypakb una HerozA?.. He NoHHMaTb, ITO ero 
HONe3HHH YeENOBBKS HHYTO HHO, KaKb BKCTIMOATATOP! 

Kb He BepHy0cb CnoKOncTBie, KpoBoo6pauleHie CTaso pas- 
Hom BbpeH'be, TpeBoxkHad DayTHHa MHC pasc’baach Bb ef MO3ry 
M OHA NOYYBCTBOBAIA, ITO YCNOKOUNACh, IpOCHA SBS Bb KOMHATS 
mba feup. Bb MHAYTH CIYCTA OHa HAKpHIA Ha CTO, y6pa- 
aa padovili ALJHKb, KHATH, OPOMINWPH, NOTOMB OTKPHa ORHO. 
Iloroyqa 6Ha dWpekpacHaa. 

— [lo#ny otuy Hasctpbay. H korga 9To cTaHyTb MuCaTb 
POMaHH Cb WSUCTBHTeCENBHO YeECTHHMH Teposmu? 

Ona Han’bia MaJIBHBKy (WLJIANKY MW CTana OOHKHOBeHHOM 
HWapwRckoH muavepkow. BUDA Ha YIWILy, OHA Topo satia- 
rasa 10 MOCTOBOH. 

Ilombmenie KONMeKTHBHCTOB-pezeparmuctosb XIV oKpyra 
GHI0 Tayeko He BeNNKONBMHO, HATO BPO 3a6pomeHHoH TaHLo- 
BaJbHOH 3aJIh Kadaka, Cb YXaCHHMH CThHAMH, H8MazaHHHMA CH- 
POCTbN, H CB 3aCTOABOIUMCA BOBLYXOMb, MpPOMHTaHHHMd DIB- 
ceHbw. Bb o6HKHOBeHHHe Bedepa CTYJIbA OHH CAOKCHH Bb 
rJLyOHH'S 3a BB BUS lapadiendenuitela, tAKeNOH TOCKOI BbAIO 
@Tb JepeBAHHOH oCTpayh, AH eAHHCTBeEHHHH Tra3s0BH pOROKb 
cuado OCBBOIaIb CHHeEBAaTHA WU CBpoOBaTHA MATHAa, OBa WI TPH 


26 x. YF. POH H. 


cTota, TB cHabIn rpyumamMH cobecbauHkn, uu rpAsHyl 
apully, BOBBBIaBOIYW O Kakol-HuOyAb BeywepHHKS. Bp o6memh 
3TO 6Ha XON0THaA IJKTOMB Lellepa u rHb3syo peBMaTH3Ma BO 
BCB BpemMeHa roa. 

Bb 9TOTb BeYeph CiboHoe WhO, coOpaBliee 30bCb WeENOBBED 
WBatnatTb, 6HNO OKOHYeHO, HU MOCBTUTeNH MeTNeAHO JONHBaIH 
TpW HAM YeTHpe OYTHIKH BHHA WH pasBefleHHare abcenTa. MHO- 
re ToBopHau BMBCTS, Kakb BCerya, MU Poutoca NOBHMWAaAIHCh u 
NOWHHKAIHCh, OTPAKaACh OTL POIHX'b CTH. 

IIpu cCKYAHOMb OCBBIUeHIH OHH NOXOQUAM Ha HHIULUX; AXD 
ReCTH OHH HCOOHKHOBeEHHO OHOOOpasiib, UXb THBBS Ccmu'hxo- 
TBOpeHb. HbKoTOpHe MpocTo WepexeBWBaIH pasckasbl 0 NPouc- 
MeCTBIAXh Bb MacTepCKOH HH Ha yYIHUB, HO OONBINMHCTBO OHIO 
BAaHATO CEKTAHTCKHMH HHTepecaMH Hu Wepedupaiu BBIHYW CclLi- 
aNbHYy 10 uCTOpin. MH caMHMS MHOPOCIOBHHMd, BOOLYMeBIEHHHMS 
WM HeHCTONIMMHMD Ob PaBbept. Cua IHLOMb KB WWWY Cb 
JIOHRTYPHOMb, peakTopoms «La Revendication proletaire>, out 
Kpawad'b: 

— Quy He nocm6wTb, DoHuMaelD!.. Uopth wo6epH, TH 10- 
HMMaellb, eCIHOH WpaBHTebcTBO He OOATOCh ColliaveMa, TO 
notemy OH He NO38BONMTb CABraTh HBCKONbDKO OMHTOBB... EmMy 
oTO Ipequarawre... Camapy u Ilynaps.. 1Ba Mooyna, creniadbHo 
H38yWaBiie HW OCHOBaTeJIbHO aHaloliie seMienbuie... HO npaBy- 
TEJbCTBO ONacaeTcA ux'b. WM ato xe! Camupy uw [lynaph nocn- 
Waid MeTHulio 3a NeTuieH... WpOCHIH WaTb UMb Ba WIN TpH 
rektapa HeoOpadoTaHHoOH 3eMJH... MH KPeQHTb Ha HOKYMKY Ma- 
WHS HW Ha COmepxHaHie Ha HBKOTOPOe BpeMs... OHH OpamHch 
IIpOHSBeCcTH ONHTH Cb NepBHMH BCTpbIHHWMY, HadpaHHHMH Bb 
nepesuax. [IpapaTenbcTBo ToClalo uxb Kb YOpPTy. OHO OFeHb 
O6OANOCh, TO WpaBHTeALCTBO. OHAeIIb JH, KaKoe Obl aTO BIMeWaT- 
mbuie pouspeyo Ha KpecTbaH'b? Ha WecaTh BepcTh KpyroMb AXb 
xOSAMCTBa BCB CTamM Ob KOeKTHBUCTCKUMA!.. O! KOWWJIeCKTHB- 
Had O6padotTka 8eMIH Bb KPYNHHXb pasmbpaxy! Bots, Haupu- 
MBpb, 37'bcb pKa, MBCTO Chipoe, BMBLCTO TOO, ITOOM BO YTO . 
OH TO HH CTaNO 3acbBBaTb ero HeErOJHHMHM 3aKkaMi, A HMB 
3bcb xopomee MacTOuule, Cb MATKOH TpaBow, a noBHme, rob 
cyine... 

JIOHKTYPHb, XOIONHHH, Kakb elb, Cb BHDPAsHTeIbHHMDS 
JIHILOM’b, OOpekS ceOA HA BHICIYWHBaHie 9THXb pbuelf, cb Tpy- 
JOM CiepxkUBaAACh OTS 3 bBOTH. H Bb TO BpeMA, Kakb OHTYSI- 
aaMb COOeCBOHHKA BCe BOspactad'b, JIOHKTYPHb MHCIeCHHO BH- 
ABIL COTHH YaIHHXb WIA HeyaqvHXh ONNTOBb, Hempeodo- 
PHMYW JHACKYIO HENOABHKHOCTS Bb Wotpaxkavid upuMBbpy u 
yxacHoe oOlfee paBHOZymie Kb PHTaviAMb o6e30NeCHHHX'. 
Ond TeBas’b Ha BCe, Bb CYINHOCTH ase WH H& CBON TaseTy 
»La Revendication proletaire* uv, ocTaBaAch BCe xe OHMS H3'b 





HAY C b. 27 


BEPUHXS UPUBepReHUeBd NapTin, ete sapadaTHBatb OTb ABYX'b 
A TpeXb THCAYA PpaHKOBb Bb LOM’, HEOOXONHMHXD WIA ero 
CKY.1Haro cyujecTBoBaHia. H cb cBoeH O6N4HOI, cTaBniel 6e3co- 
3HATCAbHOH PpuMacoll OTBpalllediaA, OHS NPOBOpya: 

— TH past, Waxke C.MMIUKOMb; OTKA3bBaATb Bb ONWTAX' 3TO 
UXdb WHO, U Cb 2TOH GescoBbcTHOs CBONOUbW BU8MVKHO TOIBKO 
HacHwie. 

H Pasbeph, BeCb Bb NOTY, OUATH HAYATS PP OMUTb, NOTHABD 
NOOBAOHOCHHH KYyJakb H B8a6HBb O BHNUBKB JIOHRTYPHDd 
OTHHb OCYWHIb OYTHAKY Ma@JICHbKHMH PIOMKAMH, YMeHbDIEB- 
DIMMU BeOOBATHOCTL ero GOesHanexHOli CKYKH, 8acTaBIABolell 
erO @xKeEMHHYTHO BNTHPaTh BCHOTbBEIM 00b. 

— Bors T80a Wow, rpakaHunb. 

PaBbepb Mel1eHHO O6epHyJca. 

— HA nolyMaaa, oTgero OH MHB He 0HTH 38a TO6O,—CKa- 
gaa Epa. 

Ha cyxuxb mekaxt JIOnaKTYpHa WH Bb PpyCTHHX'b, KPOTKHXS 
r.JagaXb eFO CKONb3HYJa NIPHBBTAWBaA yIHORKa. Kakb nouTH y 
Beero KpyxXKa, y Hero Take MpocHnMaach Bb cep ib Tpesora 
DpH Buys sto MnAOll CAMHOMHUIJICHHHO, &, Kakb pelartToph 
MBCTHAaA 3HAMeCHHTUCTH, OHS CUpaMliBa-Th ce6a, MOdeMy Ob ITOH 
KeHOK OCOOB OcTaBaTbCA paBHOAYWHOH Kb ero sacsdyraM'b? 

Ho ofa, OMHAKO, OCTaBAIACh paBHOAYMHOlH Kb HUMb H 
Tepnbrp ge Mmoraa Jlonaxtypua. Ha seb ero NOONTKH ona 
OTBBIaIAa OTKA30OMb. OBB OH TWpomomKarb Sopp6y, Ho emMy 
HY2XHO OHIO YXOANTS No Whay. 

— [onopuya pecataro! Mu’ nopa yaeTyqHBaTeca. 

— Karp! [lomopyaa ecataro? —BoCcKIUKHYIb Pasbepb. — 
Pa3nb a He Cka3zarb TeOb, Ena, To Aomkenb UpocwbTb ya- 
cokb—azpyro#’ y Cespepsua? BbbauArh Bee He ay4me.... Ipu- 
metca Te6B BOBBpalllaTbea OHOK. TH ITO BHObeDIb? 

— Huvero. 

OrTell’b Cb MHHYTY CMOTPBIb Ha JOU Cb XBACTAHBHMD BOC- 
Xumeniexb. Hy, He MOTORGHHa aH? Ho panwomMb pasropaca 
ciopb. Kakoli-To cMBUIHOM CTapHKalika, 10 MposBHlly ,cHHB 
enrbaa“, YUBOMICA 3a Wyropuny AbKvero rpaxtanuHa Yao, 
GesHOKOHHaMO, Apokallaro MPOKWPH, Cb XOXJIOMb, Kakb y No- 
yras, Ha CMOPLleHHOMD yepelrb. 

— Hy sorb! Orpomupe ckJaqh, BO CTO paab 6oabimnie, YBMB 
PHAHKH, BH Bb TAKOM’ BEMUKOABOHOM NOpsAKb, Takb XOpom0o 
YCTPOeCHHHEe, 4TO, KaKb B3PIAHEIIb, CehWach Me YBUAHIUb, ITO 
Te OB HysmHo. A Douemy xe HBT? [lo MoeMy, 9TO O4eHb JerKo 
cVbiaTb, W A HaxosKy BIOTHB eCTeCTBEHHHMDb [1A WOR BKa 
BCE PacKNaTNBaTh Oo MBCTaM®S. 

— A lO MOeMYy, 9TO BOBLe He eCTeECTBYHHO; A BCeraza BH- 
Wh1b BC XOBAHCTBA BE Oeslops AK. 


28 x. Fr. POSH SKE, 


— IIpekpacHo! Ho TH roBOpHIb 0 WaCTHHXb XosahcrTsaxl.. 
Aa roBpopo o6b o6mew opranusaniu, noHHMaemsb! BosbMn 
Ayspb waa orsna. XosalictBo orpoMHoe 4 Bb NONHOMS HO- 
PALE. 

Yaz0, yOBxRTeHHNH KOJNeCKTHBUCTh Ha JWDAXb, Bb HHTHM- 
HOM S6ecbah CKIOHeEHD OHIIb Kb epecu. 

— Tloraub uu Jlysph, 2a BAL MMH YMpaBIAWTS xXoaseBa. 
OTOrO CMBIIABATh He C.BLyers. 

— Ilycras TBoa Oanika!l Ecuw Tamb xosaeBa, TO MH, 110 
TBOeMY, He MOXKeM', ITO JH, BHOpPaTb CBOMXS sel? 

— Torna 6yqyTb 3noynorpebmenia. 

— noynoTpeémenia? — pMBbulanca Papbeps. —Ouu OyHyTh 
HeBOSMOSRHH, OaroywapA HeYMONMMOH AucnuNnAMAS. Bebxb mMo- 
II€HHHKOBb MOMECHTAJIbHO Bb DeTJN, KAKb Bb BOUCKAXD. Ilo- 
yMalite, rpaxaHunt, BBIb apMid yipemmenie ene ropasqo 
Gombe cnoxH0e, YbMB JIyBpd, a pasBb Bb Heli HBTL NOpAyKa? 

— Ho MH TaMb OMBANTS 370ynoTpeémenigz... Wa WH Hayaclb- 
HURH y Hes ecTb! © 

— A MH? TH TlOJlaraelb, y Hach He OyleTh DHpeKTOpoOBL? 
ToubKO ZH TOrO, ITOOH He AOMycKkaTb 3N0ynoTpeéneni, MH 
qame OyeMb UX’b CMBHATS. 

— Ho BBOb COUMaTH KUBYTS, Kakd co6aku, a A, WOHHMAEIIb 
aH, He #Xellaw, YTOOH MHOM KOMAHOBANb Kakolt- Hu6yOb ka- 
Upas. 

— HawanbHHkH Bb 9TOMb He BHHOBaTH, 9TO HEOCTATOKS 
camo cucTeMH. ApMif co3faHa JIA xXecToKaro yhia, HO MyI- 
pocTb ef UpakTHyeckoH opranuaalin... efx CHa, Mpucnoco6- 
JeHHaA WIA CUYKeHIA CIACThIO YeNOBHSKAa... HaCh H36aBMTb OTD 
HumeTH. Iloqox fu... He Hano cm'bmnBaTh oprannsalin cb 
WbIbW opranwsauia. Opranusauia—sTo opyaie, Morymiee C.ly- 
KUT DOOpy wu ary. MH me XOTUMD 3aCTABHTh ee CULY2RUTh 
TOUbKO DOOpy! Bbab vTO ACHO, He MpaBla-nH? 

— Ta FoBOpulb, ITO apMiAA BCerAa XOPOIIO OprahHusoBaHa? 
Jia upocrnHe padoyie swyame ON ycTpoHiu abo nonb Cena- 
HOMb, WBMb BCH 9Ta O*ullepcKaA UIBaJb. 

- Yro-xb 9T0 DoKasnBaeTb? Uro opranusauin MOKeTh 
6HTb O0X0 mMocraBleHa? YopTrs BosbMu!.. Ho mocmMoTpH 3a ‘0, 
Kakb BeJIMKONBIHO ycTpoeHa npycckan apMis! 

— A a Te6B ropoph, ITO CollatbHan opraHiaalia ere 
TpyiHBbe, YhMb OpraHH3alliA apMiu. 

— HKakaa genyxa! 

— Tu BaiuBuu, JlopsuP! 

- Ccc...—cBuctuyyb Pasbeps.—Ilyctp-ka mub anyrb Bb 
THCHUM YNOBBKE W 3eMN0... H BACTh Ha ODMH Fomh... W YBu- 
RMM'’b, TPY1HO AM 9TO. Haro TombkKo xorbtpl.. xoTBrp!.. u TOAbKO 
xorbrb! ToAbKO OH yanoch yOBXUTh pasodwuxh Bb TOM’b, ITO 











HAY Cc. 39 


HOBOe O6LIECTBO CBeMeTh HXS TPYAb Kb TPeMB yacaMb pa- 
Ooyaro BpeMeHH H YBOMTS naary!.. 

Yas0, Upene6peran cBoewW MNONYIAPHOCThW, BOCKIHKBYIb 
TOHOMb HacToAmmaro Oypxya: 

— Xovyemlb pacnNoAuTb TYBHeALWeBL, ITO WH? 

— Tpyt—9To Hakasauie... nomHOe oTybHie... Bb buOxixM, 
YOPTb BOsbMH, 3TO HeAapOMb Cka3zaHo!—sapHyalb PaBbepb.— 
Mano padotad 2a xub6a HacyUiHaro, TeNOBbKb COXpaHHTh 0- 
Cylb 1H YMCTBeHHArO pasBuTia. Cuymat, Jiupsyb. Hanpacho TH 
AoMaelib ypaka. AL yBBpeHb, 4TO TH BCe TaKb Xe XOporllo 
MOHHMAeHIb, Kakb WM BCAKIM Bpyro#; sTo ACHO camo co6ol. 
Takb yero xe Te6b? Pasph opranusallin Ha TAKUX' Hayasaxh 
He Jerge co3zatTb, HexetH apMiNn? 

— Hanpacuo TH Bce aTo roBpopnms! Bh TBoeME o6mlecTBb 
BOB 3aX0TATA OHTh APHCTOKpaTaMH, BCAKIW yXBaTHTCA 3a pe- 
MeCJIO MHCaTelA, yyeHaro, apTHCTa, H HHKTO He 8axO04erTh CBa- 
PHTb cyirb... Cnacn6o, eme pyku MapatTp! 

— AX, TH Ipuzupaenpcal.. Jina 3anaTi BUCHIaro Nopaka... 
OyleTh ycTpoeHb KoukKypch... OOmectBo usdeperTs AyIHxb 
YierwhHxb, OuCaTeneH HAH XYOHXHHKOBD... 

— A WA BHrpe6HHxb samb?.. O? Haizemb TH NNORTCIA 
ia HUX'b? 

— beanbrsauky 6yyTb WcTuTh BHIpeOHHA AMH. Ho MBS 
Hano Obxathb. TH unemb, Epa? 

— Hbrt,—orspbiana Epa,—ecau te6 Bce paBHo, TO A OcTa- 
HYCb elle HeMHOPO. 

OTO eMy He 6HJIO BCe paBHO, HO OHS HeMHOTO po6bub cb 
Epo. 

— Xopomio, TOIbKO He 3anasqHBal. 

Oxb ymens. Epa, MeaneHsao 6poga no 3arb, cubanra 9a 
MaxACHbKUM JlapaMa, OCTAHABIHBAACh OKOO OTLBIBHHXS Ppyiirs. 

Kakoii-To rpa3HHt!, cyxonaphH yeIOBbKb, Cb XUTPHMD BE- 
OMb TaHHCTBEHHO Cooobmad: 

— Bb AMDNOMaTHYeCKHXdS Kpyraxb XOWNTh CYXb, ITO 
IMpOTHBb HACb WpoekTHpyeTca ABYTO Bb pos paBuTelbLerTBew- 
Haro HHTepHaliovana... Copopath, Bucmapkb Bb Bapuuss 
UpHLyMalb KakyO-TO JOBKYN ITYKY... JOBKYW DITYKY!.. 

Bch coBHAyaMcb eme TBCHBe, 6ONTAA O NpaBUTeNbCTBAaXt, 
H, TOUHO UpH6smxxkeHHHe KO BCBMDb KOpOJeBCKHMS BOPaMh, 
HashHBaJI HMCH& DHIIOMATOBb, KOMMCHTHPOBAIH HeBBpOATHHe 
(pakTH. 

— dHaete, H Meppn cb nuMH! ORB cBOM rpasHHi HOCd 
cyeTb BO Bcb Koponesckia KyxHu. Cosopats, pyccKi wMmepa- 
TOPh OTBAIHNS emy WhInH MutionD! Y MeHA ecTb 0Ra- 
BaTeJIbCTBa! 

— BbpxHo aH 9To? 


30 % FT. P.O #8 UH. 
vA 


— Pa3Bb sto Te6a youBiaerb, rpaxnanunb? Iloqmtai ucro- 
pli) H TH YBHAHDIb MHOrO NOX0OHHXS MpHMBpoBs. 

Bomexb MOjJO20H rpaxkqaHvHb CO BMaIHMA WiekaMA 4H 
OrNAaBIb rpyony 6e3yMHNMB B3IrALOM. 

— Okaa cBuHba! Hazo On, 4TOOH KakoH-Hu6ynb xopomilt 
YeNOBBKb BHITYCTHTb, HaKOHEL'b, CMY BCH KPOBb H3'b KUT. 

— Yb 9T0TS Masuko! 

Bc'BXb OXBaTHJIO HelmpidTHOe YYBCTBO, BC’ 3aMOJKH, & 
Manuko Bopianb Biouronoca, BHXOJA 43b Ce6A H3'b-3a YeNOBS- 
WeCKOH KOCHOCTH. OTO 6H BHCOKaro pocta YeNOBbKS, Ch 
MaPpakHHHMb UBBTOMD JMUa, WoOpasvtTebHOw xy06H, CB me- 
YaTbWO BAapBapCKOli HEHABHCTH, BBIHO MYWFHBWIINCA TparudecKaMy 
rpesamu. BcBb ero 6oanucb, onacasch KaKoro-Hu6ydb B3pHBa 
Cb e©O CTOPOHH, HHCKOJIbKO He COMH'BBaACh Bb UCKPeCHHOCTH 
ero xpa6poctu. OHb cHorbrb, CTpaliHh, Kak’ CTHXiA, Cb BCNH- 
XHBaNIHMH HCKOPKaMH AOOpoTH HW Gesco3HaTeNbHaro CaMOOTBEe p- 
xeHia. Ho KakoH-TO 3106HHK BeIUKaHd, Cb TOPIalIMMU BO BCB 
CTOPOHH BO10CaMH, 00 uMeHH Puro, pacxoxoTasicA, HaKOHEeLb, 
Upykecku yiapurb Wo Maervy crapuka ,CchHa Keb3a* WH BCC 
KJIHKH YB: 

— A CiHxXanH, sTOTh dedena sKoseph? Bye Bwukorga He 
HOBbpuTe, 4BMb OH CTalb Tenmepb? AreHToMb y OfHOro TOp- 
roBUa CBATHHAMM BOsI'B HepkBH cB. Cronbnuuia. Hao Buy bTb 
rNoTKy 9Toro mewonaa! Xe! Borb cyMbb yCTPOHTBCA, MONO- 
Helb, Ch TBXB Oph, Kakb pBIUHTS OWI0 MOAKOT0TS [amGetry! 

MasIuKO paBHOJYUIHO HW 6e3b re'bBa yAapHab ce6a BL IpyAb. 
Beakah u3Mbua UpuivuaAsa eMy MYHTeJIBHYO O0Jb H eMYy 
BCeraa TPYAHO OHIO NOHATA peHerata. 

pyran rpyima pasHocuta akapxXHCTOBE. 

— AHapXHCTH... 9TO OOBHHe, AypakH Hin Union. J 
UPyruxh Mex2y HHMH He 3HaD.. 

— Kb Tomy xe oH urpawre Bb pyKy GoHalapTucTaM. 
O! SI He roBopw, ITO OHM ‘AbaawTs 9TO HapO4HO, HO 9TO TAaKb... 
9TO Tak... 

— [Japtia, mnoszopanjan peBommuin. OTonpaTb OH UX 
xXopomeHbko!l 

— [aynas naptias, pugump au? Sl He noHuMan! /lyMath, 
470, WhacTByA, KAaKB DuKie 3BBpu, OHM WOObWTCA TOFO, ITO *Ka- 
pene pxOquKH OyAYTb UMb IIPAMO AeTBTbh Bb Pore. 

— Hy, fa eTo sonuro He npoTaHetca. Hapony onH yxe 
Hao'bau! 

— TH ayMmaems? 

Epa, WoliMasia, HaKOHeII'b, JlapaMa. 

Moso0q0H YexoBbKE CYMAIb KaKOro-TO AOMTOBABALO lapHA, 
Cb HH3KHMb JI6OMb, Cb OICAYDIMBOIHMCA OO YNNeHHHMb AH- 


AHY Ch. 31 


HOMb, 3aTAHYTarO Bb WNpovahmiit, BucbBMmit M'BIIKOM»D, 
TMK ak’d. 

— HA He ToBOpW Bam, ITO XOVY COBChM) YHHITORATH MU- 
caTejieH, HO, Bb CYUHOCTH, Ha ITO OHH Hyun? Ilo Moemy, 
HET HAIerO Tiyube pomana. 

— Jlaxe peponmuionsaro? ~ 3akpH4ayb OU Toprans. 

— Koneuno, ORB TONKKO MeH'be rayd'b, BOTS u BCe! JTbrckiit 
HIpyOIKH, TOMHHA ANA pasBleyeHia Ha BB MHHYTH... Ta u 
pasBreyeHle-To m10xoel! 

— Cnacn6o!—socknukHyib JlapamM3.—9To BCe paBHO, Kak’ 
TH GOH CKa3aib, ITO MY3HKa DypHoe paspjeyeuie. 

— A BoBce He Takb WW6NW My3HKy!—npesputenbHo OTBB- 
Walb Bepsusa. 

— OTO TokaawBaeTb, 4TO y TeOA CHYX, Kak'b y..!—BCKDUK- 
HYIb ropuan. 

— Tlonymaii,—crasars Jlapama—aro 9To Ona OH 3a RUSH, 
6€8b KHHTH Aa UTeHiA, Ge3b MySHKANbHAarO BByKa ANA Cryxa? 
A WyMan, ITo oO6mexuTie JOMKHO YROBIETBOPATS BCBMB DoTpe6- 
HOCTAMS KaxJaro 3b CBOUXD WIeHOBD... A BPADb IM HabeTCA 
MHOrO JNHeH Cb TAKUM 6es0TPaNHO-CYPpOBHMH BKYCaMH, Kakb 
y Te6a, rpaxyanuyD? 

lopianb, OXOTHHRS 40 CCOph, cb paskpaxeniems Opocur, 
AONTOBABOMY: 

— Bs Konus KROWMOBS, YTO Ke TH ANGUS? 

— Yro ap6m0?.. Uro mo6n0?.. JibrbHwH TpakTaTb 0 
comiasbHow 3koHOMin! 

— Ja nonwo Te66 pvypaka somaTp! YyosomcrBie, Hetero 
cKazaTb! OTvero yRb TH JY ame He MpeMOKMIMb KaTeXusHc'h, 
Ty7e0 TH 97aKoe! 

Jonropasw, NONHHH XONORHOH ropmocTu, HuIero Ha 9TO 
He OTBLTHITb, 38MKHYBIIACh Bb BeMIIe CBOHXD pasMHUeniti. 

Bp ApyroMb KOHUB KOMHaTH KakoH-TO MONOD0H 6peToHens, 
Cb UBTYMIMAHMD [ONOCOMh, Bb PypaRnb ONAHOMD pb3ko Kpi- 
Tab, MOKpHBaA BCB Apyrie romoca: 

— Jia IOpTs Te6a BOsbMH, Aypanel! Paseb TH He 3Haelib, 
4aTo BB lepMaHif HACIMTHBAeTCA Ba MUINIOHAa COMmlaTHCTOBD, 
BE Armin MUINIONHD, 18 Bb CoequHeHaHx®t Llrataxt cTombKke 
axe... H weyxenw TH DyMaellb, ITO HagO Soule ABYXb ASTD, 
GTOOW YeECATeEPHTh 3TO KOMHYECTBO? 

OHb TPAC 38 DIMBOPOTS Kakoro-TO MCMyranHaro rpawla- 
HHHA, Cb MACHCTHMD J60Mb HW MOCONOBLBIDAMD B30pOMb, yBbpax 
ero, TO BeJIHKad, eHHaA, UCTHHHaA peRONIOUIA paspasuTcA 
ere 0 1889 roya. Bce roBOpuTh Bb NoIL3sy 9i0re. Bb Tedenie 
HBCKONIBKEXD IBTb DaptiA BO CTO pasb YBeIHIWAA KOMHIECTBO 
CBOHXS nocnubyzosatenet. UbMb cuabybe CTapauch MosaBiuth 
ee, ThMb 6ONbMIMMD YCubxXOMb OHA OTb30Baacb. He Kb YeMy 


32 mz Fr POSS. 


OHJIO H8BOQHTb ee: TPHBepKeHIIH Bach, TOUHO Cb yHH. 
Jlmyu, elle HakaHyH'b BHCMBuBaBUlle ee, Ha ApPyro# Webb cra- 
HOBWIKCh CaMHMH TOPAIMMM eA NOKAOHHUKAMR. dla, CO CBOMME 
pecny61aKaHCKHMH IJYTHAMH M MOWeHHHYeCTBAMH 3TH ounop- 
TYHHCTH 300poBO 3aTAHyH ce6B DeTui0 Ha me'b! MunzioHH 
CHHOMHIJJCHHHKOBB CaMH MOABATCA, Kakb U3b 3eMIM, Kakb 
TONBKO OPO3BYYUTh BeNHKIA NPHaHBHHU KOMOKONb MW kpachHh 
UBTYXb salloeTh Npu sapeB'b noxaposs! HW wa sToTh pasb 6e3ab 
nyctocnoBia! ToTaacb 2#xe OTKpOWTCA BCB CKlaab, x1b6aHe 
MarasHHb, OOOMAYTS BCBXD OBAHAKOBS UM PasOlWIWTh OpOBUsin 
Bb CafaleHHhHA HOpPH. 

— Xopomo ckasauo, JlauHexs! 

MaJlnkO Bb JHXOpaqOuHOMS Bos6yxpeHiv, BHTAHYBD Oem, 
CTalb WapuTb 10 CBOMMb KapMaHaM®d UM HalllyMadb, HAKOHeIS, 
PeBOJIbBep’b. : 

— He xBataersh odHeprin, — Npo6opMoTalb OHS Bb MBCTY- 
ugeHiv. — Ecnu6h rpakqave MOAMANHCh CO BCBXb CTOPOH', 
HOfadH OW CHTHa'b, YOHBb KakoOro-HHOyOb rHycHaro MHHHCTpa 
HIM KpyoOHaro DPOMHUIeHHaro BaMOMpa... 9TO NOCATyKHIO OH 
OPHMBpoMsb... OTKPHJO OH Tla3a MHMIiOHaM’... Ho Ha Kakon 
Ke TONbeMh MOKHO PasCYHTHBaTh? 

Out cMoTpbrb Ha crbay, rab uphramM Henbuwe CuIyeTH, 
H BeCb OXBadeHb OHJIL CTPallHWMh AW MPAIHHMD Bosbyx*xDeviems. 

— HW kKakb Mado Takuxb, KTO PHCKHYIb 6H MyskeCTBEHHO 
MORePTBOBATh CBOeH WiKypok—jo0b6aBub OHS. 

KoJ.ueKTHBHCTH, Ckop'be IpHBepxkeHUH JBUKeHIA WMPOKHXS 
MacCh, He pBUIMIMCh, OJHAKO, NOPAWaATh STY DOKTPHHY, 3b 
603HH WOKasaTBCA MeH'be CM'BJINMU, Heke aHapXHCTH. 

Epa Hayala MOTHXOHbKY NOsBBHBaTb. JlapaM3’, BHAMATeJILHO 
DpHCIyWMuBaBWilich Kb pascy#XAeHiaMb MNpucyTCTByWILAXh, 
ClerKa PasHHYBb POTb, HeBOJIbHO pasapaxanb ee. Ho MaeHb- 
Kili YELOBBKL OHNB MpocTo pobokb, 3Hafh UO OUHTY, Kakb 
eTrpora wbsuna. Bopoyems, Bch Bb KpyXKL NOIWHAIHCh eA 
HenoOBAUMOMY OFapoBaHilo, NOAXOWAM Kb Hek, 3abBaln ee, 
HO OOJIbIIMHCTBO H3} HUXb He OCOOCHHO UPHBIeKaO ee, CO 
CBOHMH TpeNakHHMHA BOWOCaMH HW epesHWOBaHAbMH NA KaKaMe. 

Bb 9TO BpeMA DBepb PacTBOpHach, H BOMeIb HOBHH M0- 
CBTHTCIb; OHb OKHHYI'b B3OPOMb BCH IpyOny HW OCTAaHOBHACR 
Ha cTapuKb ,cHabB xerb3a* Hu Ha Puro. 

— HA Ona ipapb, He nopbpuss TepHany!—ckasalh Ons. 

— O! Uro TH rosopHuib?—sBCKpu4anb Puro. 

— TepHanb— mIi0H®D. 

— He moxerb OnT! 

Beb nogowiu Kb BoMemiiemy. 

— TepHanb — BOTb 9TOTh MadeHbKili ch KPHBOH Weeh? — 
cmpocnia Esa Jlapama. 


A3b AHTA1IH. 


I. 


«Hamb HYRHH akTH, PakTH H eMe akTH»,—CKasaIb Kakb- 
TO BEABHH anrsifickift oOmectBeHHnH mwhaTelb, Korma baCTBH- 
TCALHOCTh BHIBHHY18 OHH 8b CaMHXh CePbCSHNXb 9sKOHOMH- 
GeCKHXB BOUpOCOBS. JioqH, NO MBBHIO AHLIWIAH'b, MeHbIMe BCerO 
YMNBOTB TOWHO Ha6sogaTs. Jlerge Bcero AMB IO8TOMY  costa- 
BaTb PaHTacTHyecKia THOOTeSH. OTO—HCKOHHOe cBOlcTBO YeAOBbYe- 
ckaro yma. Jlerge ONO CO8MaTb AeTeHAY 0 CBAPAKBHXDb BOASHLIXD 
NyXaXb, HM WOCTABATS Bb MPHIABHYH CBAB8b IWOPOXh BOAN O 
KaMHH WH poKouymi sByKb. To me camoe sBIeHie MH HabsMlaews, 
NO MHBHIW ABTIHYAHS, MPH AScIbIOBAHIA SKOHOMHYCCKHXD BOMPOCOBD. 

Bors  Tellepb, Kora ABHCTBHTeCIBHOCTS CHOBA BHYABHHYI2 3K'BCb 
BONpOc. 0 6espa6OTHHIXh, MH BHIHM' ANOONHTHYH NOMNTKY HayaTb 
C THIATCABHATO Hakonsenia akTOBb Hw aHadusa AX’. Ilo Tepmano- 
xorix, ycTanoBuBmettca Bb Aunrsiv, Gespa6oTane FbAATCA Ha ABB ka- 
Teropig: 1) Ha He XOTAMHX® H He MOTyMmuX paboraTh (Unemployable) 
a 2) Ha HelaWUlUXb pahoraTb, HO He MOTYMAXb Halitn cupoch Ha 
cBo# tpyazp (Unemployed). Kt nepsof kateropin oTHocaTca KaxbEH, 
cxa60yMHHeC, CTAPHKH A MpodeccionaibAHe Opoxaru, KOYyHMie Kpyr- 
xhifi rOXb 485 OFHOTO paboyaro JoMa Bb gpyro#. Bropaa rateropia 
pasrbaserca Ha UpodeccionHalbubIXh padowxb, UPAballekanluxh KB 
KAKOMY-HHOyIL TP9Xb-/RiOHY, H Ha GepHopavowuxs (casuals), yacTo 
MBESDMAXE Dpodeccid Bh B8aBHCHMOCTH OTb cupoca Ha Tpyxb. Bs 
ABI BeACTCA OFCHS THaTeIbHad CTaTHCTHKa GespaboTHHIXxb, HO OHA 
RacaeTCH TOIBKO Tpob-WHiOHHCTOBb. O mponeaTb 6espa6oTHHX. 
cpeaH rpodeccionaxbHHxt padowkxb LadTh UpelcraBrenie crblywmis 
WRQpH 38a JecaTh ABTS. 


1897. 1898, 1899. 1900. 1901, 1902. 1903. 1904. 1905. 1906. CPOnR 


II ponentrHoe 
OTrHOmeH. 6e3- 
pasoTHHxb. 3,4 8°24 29 38 44 651 65 54 4,1 3,6 *) 


OTb aAHBaps Jo anpbaa 1907 r. °/, Sespa6oTHHxb cpequ Tpers- 


*) The Reformers Year Book, 1908, p. 146, 
Ansapp. Orntar II. . 1 


2 AIOHEO. 


WHIOHHCTOBED OHAb 3,3. DTOTS °/, TopasqO HERE cpeABATO AAR 
oanaiHok Espons, we ropopa ye o Pocciv, ryb Bb HBEO- 
TOPHXE Fopolaxd UpovewTh SespaoborTHHXd cpelu npodecciobarbaHX®t 
pa6owwxb yocTaraeTs Teulepb 50 w game 60. Anazush Ta6IMOH, OpH- 
BeleHHOH BHIMe, NOKkasHBaeTh, ATO GOespaboTHAXt ONO ocobeHRO 
MHOTO BB 1902—1905 rr. ITO 6HAa USHA, yOIayeHHas NporeTapia 
TOMB 8& WARHO-aPpHKancKyN BokHy. Cpegzn casuals, wan sepHopabo- 
4HX'b, DpoueuTs GespaboTswHxb ropasyo BHIMe, YSMB cpesH Tpayb- 
WHIOHACTOBS; HO TYTb MHI He MMbeMS TOUHOH cratucTuEH. [lo pas- 
cyeTam® Il. Jaypeuca, casuals, He HaxO,aUlaxb CUpoch Ha cBOH TPyI, 
Bb 2'/, pasa 6oxpme, YbMb Tpob-WHIOHHCTOBD. Takum o6pasom's, 
oOmift °/, Oespa6oTHHxt BB AHTain 8a nOCAbswie Tosw BHpasATcs 
cabYOMEMH Dudpama: 

1897. 1898. 1899. 1900. 1901. 1902. 1903. 1904. 1905. 1906. 


ITponeutHoe 
oTHomenHie 6ea3- 
pa6oTHH x. 8,6 7,5 6 7 #95 11 #1256 16 18,6 8 10%) 


II[pn6ag3uTedbHo, oOmee yacIO BCBXD Oespa6oTHHXxh BB ABTAin, 
Kakb TP91'b-WHIOHHCTOBD, TAKS H Casuals, MOMHO CIMTATh TEDEPb OKOAO 
500.000. Bt despa otoro roxa Jxont Bepact onperbasas o6mee 
qacio0 6espaOoTHHXh TOKO BB 100—150 tHcays. Tpomayuaa pas- 
Anna Bb paacueTb OObacHseTCH Kpaline MECTPEIMS COCTABOMD «casuals». 
Cerojua OHA «JOKepH» H THHYTS IsMEOH rpomagunit oxeanceifi napo- 
XOX, KOTOPOMY HYXHO BOHTH Bb JOKH, 38aBTpa OHH BePTATb KOACCO 
MAIIHHH, EpacdTb BIH NOMOraWTb pH crTpouterbHo# padoTsb. paz 
Tako yacTto nepembab sanaTifi cTaTHCTHka MOReT RECTHCh TOABKO 
UpHoOsusHTeAbHO. A Mex.y ThMb 114 BHIACHeHiA BOUpOCa O GespaboT- 
HHXb HeOOXOAHMH TOWHHE QakTH, H BOTS MBI ONSTb BHARM'S, ITO 
SHAIUTb, KOTMa ABUWaTHBa Bb KaRJOMb Lb‘ NPHHALIeRATS CaMHMS 
rpaxjanam>. Bb Aarain o6pasoBax0ch o6mecTBo, mMocTaBuBulee ceOb 
Irbibw usyyenie Gespadorsaro nposetapiara (Outer London Inquiry 
Committee). dHelad HCXOJHTh H3b TOUHO NPOBBpeHHHIXb MakToBs, 
oOmiecrBO MpesAUpHHAIO m0 co6cTBeHHOH HHuniaTHBS H BHMOAHHAO 
COOCTBEHHEIMH CpeACTBAMH TpaHTiosHH TpyAb: NOEBAPTAPHYW Wepe- 
nach Yocrh-Xoma, OfHOH 48b MYAHIANAIBAWXD pecnyOiMKb, BXOAs- 
IHXb Bb COCTaBb desxepaTaBHarO CoOl03a, HMA kKOTOpOMY JIOHAOHD. 
Tlozyauaca rpomanqun TOMb, TOAbKO 4TO BHhwe nmi Bb cBBTS 
osardaBaeHHHli: «West Ham: A study in Social and Industrial Pro- 
blems. Compiled by Edward G. Howarth and Mona Wilson». Kuaura 
aTa, HAaYHHeHHad DedpaMy Hu fiarpaMMaMH, ABIgeTcCa Asa Yocrh-XomMa 
TbMb we, ITO Tpyab Aapapsa Byca **) gaa JlonyoHa HAH HBCXbAO- 
BaHie Payatpy ***) gaa lopsa. 

*) Cm. ,,Labour Record and Review for October, 1906, p. 170, a Takxe 


» Reformers’ Yearbook", 1908, p. 147. 
**) ,Labour and Life of the People“. Brumao [X TomoBs. 
*#*) B. S. Rowntrele*, Poverty: A Study of town Life. 06% aro KHart 


3h aAMPAiH. 3 


Vacrb-XoMb—OKpyrs, rab HAaXOAATCA JoKH. Korla-To TyTb OAH 
“OON0TA, SAABBACMHA BO BPOMH UPHAHBOBS. Teleph TyTh twTHTCA Ha- 
cexeHie Bb 275 THCAIb, COCTOAMee Bb SHAIHTEIBHOH WacTH H3B 
yepHopaboanxs. Yocrs-Xom, cam Oban oxpyrb Jlon,0HA, EKxIaC- 
cHieckoe MBCTO Jad H3CIbsOBaHiA BONpOCa O SespaboTHNxb. YRe Bb 
XIII sbeb tpyxo1w6uBce RAaccaenie, AbitcrBya apTeibwW, OcymHAO 
‘YacTb 6020Ta, yEpbuw10 Oeperh pbEH H NpOAOMAIO YAOOHHIA AOpoOrs. 
‘Boswuk1x0 HBCKOABEO OoraTuxs Aepesenb. Hacerzenie cHAMAaAO ypomaH 
-Cb TYIHOR 8e0M1H, PasBOAHAO TOHKOPYHHHXB OBECITS, MEePCTb KOTO- 
PHX> BHBOSHAO BB Utasin. Ha pbeb Jn (Tenepb—MyTHad Kanasa, 
OTPaBIeHHad 3aB0JaMH, & TOTAa—UINCTHH Hu ONCTpHH MOTORS) Dy- 
MBAH BCHAY MeIbHHO. bb cTapHBHow auraificeol noomb, ns06paxan- 
‘Me Doxoxenie KpecTbaHS oO BoscTaHia Yora HKpoxsesbouka (Teft- 
.zepa), Jxoxa Meapauka a Jixona Bosia,—sb «Baybuiu nayrapa 
Ilurepa» (The Vision of Piers Plowman) roBopaTca ompo CHITYH, 10- 
BOIBHY H8Hb OOHTaTesAeH YocTh-Xoma. Bb XVII a Bb Havash 
XVII ss. Yocrs-Xomb pocsh u Oorarbrb Bubcrb cb JLOH.OHOMS. 
Yucao MCADHHID Ha Jim yBernunA0ch. Hacesenie oTBOeBat0 y pBEH 
‘eme 603bmMe OO10Th H DpeRpaTusO HXB BB Ayra, Ba KOTOPHIXS ac- 
XHCh CTafa OBO. Saawmemy coBppemenHu Yocrh-Xonb cb ero 
MpawHHINH «<0YCTHHAMH KaMCHHHXb JOMOBb», CB eru rpasbW H YApy- 
qapmeH OBAHOCThH, CTpaHHO 4HTaTb y WucaTezef nepBoi NOAOBHEH 
XVII sbka po rpomagjane calW # po seseHwa mors. Mbcto 6n140 
TaRb KpacHBO, ITO sf'bcb'an6HIH cTpouTEca OoraTne AOHAOHOW. Bo 
BropoH uoxzopunb XVIII shea na Onctpoh pbeB Jn psajom cb 
.MOABHHDaMH BOSHHEADTS YRC CHTUCBHA PadpHEL. 

Ho BOTh Haqaadoch MACCOB0e pasopeHie AepeBHA H CTHXxifiHOe [BH- 
-xeHie BB ropor’b. OrpabzeHAHe KpPeCTbAHO, Y KOTOPHIX’ OTHHAH SOMA, 
SBHBIIHCh BS TOPOM'b, BHHYRICHH OAH CeIHTBCA BS CAaMBIXD HeE3I0- 
pOBHIXt MBCTAaXb H 3aHA1H DoOsTOMy OcTaBmiaca OoxzoTa. [1pucyrcrsie 
-TOINTHOL, RaesapuieH MmposaTh 8& EAKYH YTOAHO WBAY CBOE eAHH- 
CTBeHHOG JOCTOSHIe—CHIY PYKb, BHYBAIO BB Yocrh-XomB EB CyMe- 
CTBOBaHiM HBCKOABKO adpueb. «Uacrora BOAW Bb JH H rpomMayHHe 
ayra Ablain whcTo oco6eHHO YAOOHHME 21d HaGuBaHia CHTNEBD A 
HpocyWkH Ax’. 3a CHTUEBLIMA PadpHSaMH BOSHHEIN Apyria. Bs Ha- 
qaxb XIX Bbka KYCTapHBRM, Bb KOTOPHXS Tak U0OHAW UpATaTEcs 
BOHTpadaswABCTH,—uciesiu. BsabcTO HX BCWAY BHPOCIH YAHOH 4H 
MepeyikH, OOCTPOeCHHHG KkaMeHHbLIMH MypbaMH». QO ONICTPOMS pocTs 
-YacTh-XoMa CBUABTEALCTBYOTh, MERAY UPOWWMs, cabAyWOIA DADpH: 


-@ m¥HCanb DOApobHoO Bb cBoe BrpeMsA BB ,Pyccxoms BorarcTss* (cu. ,OveprE 
‘CoppesenHoA Aaurain’, crp. 464—483). 
1* 


4 RIOBEO. 


Iin0manb Bb 

Toau. akpax. Haceneuie. 
1801 6390 6485 
1811 5390 8136 
1821 5890 9758 

- 1831 5890 11580 
1841 5390 12738 
1851 5390 18817 
1861 5390 88331 
1871 4667 *) 62919 
1881 4667 128953 
1891 4706 204903 
1901 46838 267358 **) 


By Hnactosmee BpeMa HaceseHie Yocrb-Xoma jocTuracTs 275 THe 
cavb. AHAaIH3>h TAaOIHOH DOKRASHBaeTh, ITO Hacexenie OHICTPO yReaH- 
WHBaAOCh, HE CMOTPA H&@ TO, ITO MAOMAb cOKpaTHAacs. Bs 1861 r. 
n BD 1881] r. mW sambiaems ocoobeHHHf mpHauBS HacexzeHia. OObac- 
HAeCTCA 98TO ABYMA KPH3HCaMd: BB OOAacTH MabpHaHO u seMAeABAB- 
yeekoH. Bo propo noxzosunsé XIX shea dabpukne usb Yocrs-Xoma, 
BCABACTBIG PasIHIHHXb MPHIAAD, NMepeHOCATcS, Bb Apyrie OKpyru. 
T'aaBHHIM® HCTOGHHEKOMS JOx0xa Yacrh-Xoma cTaHoBaTcs JOKH. Mn 
uMbemMS Tepexp coboh kpaiine nectpoe, 6baHoe paboyee HaceJenie, 
Ch Tpecdsaganiems casuals, T.e. m02e#, nepe6aBanmaxca BCH H3Hb 
cayaainnMs s3apa6oTKoms. Bah Yoecrs-Xemb cexaTCa HHOCTpPaHOH, 
TOIBKO 4TO MpHOHBMie Bb JOHJONS H XBaTaWlieca 3a EaKOH yroxHO 
sapaOoToRt, NOsTOMY OKpyrb—kxaccayeckoe MBCTO AIA HBcIbAOBAnIA 
«TOTOTOHHOH CucTeMH», CaysaiinocTs sapaboTka xapagTepHas ocoG6eH- 
HOCTh Bb RHBAH He TOABKRO HHOCTPaHIeBb, HO MH KOPeHHOTO Hacedenis 
Yacrh-Xema. CocTaBaTexH YNOMABYTarO Tpyla TMaTeAbHO BHACHHAR 
STOTS NYHETS, Kpakinve BAKA 114 BLIBOJOBD 0 UpHannax’s OespaboTunn.. 

Bs Yocrb-Xomb Oespa6otana — nocrosHHoe apgzenie. «Pesymra- 
TOMB Mpen6satania cayyainof paOoTH Bb OKpyré sABASeTCH XPOHH- 
yeckoe COCTOAHIC «HexOsapabaTHBaHia», under-employment,—roBopaTs 
COCT@BHT@CIH KHHTH. Bo MHOFHXb CAyGasdxb cpesHii sapaboTors He- 
JOCTaTOWeHS JAH CHOCHATO cyMlecTBOBAaHi#. JKu3sHb CTAaHOBHTCA ele 
Tpyanbe sexbactsie cryyafinocta sapadotsKa *). [pa Takaxt ycx0Biaxs 


*) Hyctupp Bb 723 akpa OHI OTINCIEHD OTh YactTt-Xoma. 
**) West Ham: A study, etc., p. 6. 

***) Borb O0H&a H3b TAOIHIS, MOKAshiBaNlad Ow ARKeTS «casual 3a rb 
romp. Indpy ata Kpahive HATepeCHH, TAK KAKS UpPCACTABNAWT, Kaxerca, 
HepByl NONHITKY Bb aTHMDS pos. 

(West Ham: A Study in Social and Industrial Problems. p. 249). 


1906 rox. 
Her bapbanh sapadorors. 
6 Anpapsa 38 m. 4 0. 3 Despata HHWerO 
13 5 » 10 >» 10 HA WerOo 
90 ll » 8&8» 17 42m. 9 nD. 
27 7 » 3» 24 4 mw. 
Cpeontti 13 we. 6 on. Cpeoniti 10 wa. 

















H8Bb AHTJIH. 5 


IOHATHO, ITO sacTOH Bb IPOMLIHIICHHOCTH HAH CypOBad n0roqa MO- 
TyTb THOeCAbHO OTOSBATLCA Ha Hacedenid YoecTb-Xoma. MhusHb Okpyra 
MOKCETE OHTb POPMYIHPOBAHA TAKB: XpOHHGeCKOe roz0sanHie Cb HHTEp- 
BalaMH TOsOManis ycaseHHaroO *). 


Il. 


Bt Anrain jaBadnch H JawTca MHOrO OObACHeHIH UpAIHHD 6es- 
pa6oTHun. «<HKaxjaa napTia umberb cBoe o6bacHeHie, — roBOpATd 
Komn6erxab. Jlonzonckie pa6ogie ToTOBH BHA'bTS NPHIMHY Bb OPAAKBS 
HOHMYMHXb HHOCTPAaBNeBb H COABCKHXS padoTHHKOBd. Jlankamupcsie 
TKAYH YOBOPATS O HacTOHuABOH KOHRYppeHMiv TRANKHXD DPaOpHED Bb 
Bom6eb, rab rTyseMani padouvifi 3a opuropuiaw paca H 8a H'BCKOABKO 
MBIHHXS MOHETh YTOTOBh paboTaTh 18—19 YacoBb Bb CyTEH, 6e8b 
HeEpepHBOBL Kpyran roxp. [pyrie TkAayIH TOAKYHTS O HeEOOXOXHMOCTH 
6umeTaiia3Ma. Padoaie Bb Bpezdopxzb, Taycb, Herunroms, Jleticreph 
4H HoptremnTonb ycMaTpHsanvTb UpHIvAH OespaboTunbl Bb salperu- 
TOIbHHXt TapH@axp Makt-Kana1u, Bo BTopxeHid YTepMAHCRHXD # 
@panWy3ckHXb TOBaPOBb Ha abTdilickle BHYTPeHHie PHHKH H Bb M0- 
Tepb HeHTpaibHHXb PHHKOBS. PepMepH H ISBAIOPAN 310BBinie roKo- 
paTb, 4TO 3eMJeNbae Dorw610, WOTUMy ITO Bb AHTAin Bib BBOS- 


8 Mapra 16 m. 10 v. 4 Asrycta 20 » 9 
10 8 >» 6>» 11 ll » 7 
17 43 >» 2> 18 86 > 
24 16 » 10> 26 5b » 10> 
31 15 > Cpedmit 17 » 6» 

Cpeouss 17 uw. 67. 

7 Aupbaa 24 >» Y» 1 Ceuta6pa 6 mw. 8 10. 
14 18 » 8 13 » 11 » 
21 19 » 9» 15 16> 3» 
28 8 >» OO» 22 27 » 9» 

Cpeonti 17 we 6 Hn. 29 HHYerO 

> Mas HH Tero Cpeonia 12 >» 6G» 
12 10 
19 13m. 6 n. G6 Oxta6pa 24 >» 6» 
26 1» 9» 13 19 » 9» 

Cpednse 5 utes, 20 15 >» 7» 

2 Inna 13 » 6. 27 4 » 

9 Q7 » 41), >» Cpedniis 15 » 

16 31 >» 

23 36 » 4> 8 Hos6pa 35 » 1> 

30 lous 5 wm. 10 o. 10 6 >: 
Cpeduts 32 » 6» 17 21 >» Il» 

7 lwaa 10 >» Go» 24 2» Y> 
14 36 >» 38» Cpednete 17 » G6» 
21 36 » 9» 

28 10 >» 6» 1 Jlexa6psa HH Wero 
Cpeoxti 22 >» G6» 8 HHWEro 


Bw revenie roga pabowil, 6oqxeTb KoTOparo UpHBeACHD 8A BCb, 6HADd 
AOK@POMb, HOCHALDIHKOME Yd, PYPrOHMHKOMd, KPACHAbIHKOMS, pasHOCciE- 
KXOMBb PeCKIaMb H OODABICHIN HU Mp. 

*) West Han, etc., p. 40). 


RIOHEO. 


HX NOMAHHD Ha XXKO H CexbCKic NpoOAyETH. Ecad MH OTOPAaBAMCA" 
sb Tepmanin wan BO ®pannio, To yObxuMca, 3TO TaMb paoosie- 
JCMATPHBAWTh PHIHEH Oespasorayw Bb KOHKYPpeHni CO CTOpOHM: 
Anrain, BHTbcHAWMeh mbcTHWe PabpHkaTH Cb BHYTPeHHATO PHHKA. 
H IpeloctaplshieH BME TOIBKO MeRAYHApOAHHeE PHHEH. []papaTesb- 
CTB& H& KOHTHHCHTS YCTAaHOBEAH WHA PAN BallpeTHTeXbHHXB Ta- 
pHHOBD Cb WBALW HeAOMYMeHia abraifickHxh TOBAPOBS Ha BHYTPeH- 
Hie PHHKH. MH, we CMOTpa Ha 9TO, TAM CCTh AWAY, CHAaMie Gesh pa- 
6oTH H xaryWplieca Ha aHTsifickyw KOHRYyppesniw. bpxranckia Kox0- 
Hid, a2 BB ocodesHocTa AxcTpazia uw Hanaya, ycuseHHO cabayoTS 
IpHMbpy esponeck#xXt KOHTAHEHTAILHHXS CTpaHb H CoeqHHeHHHXb 
[rarops. yrewb BHCORHXS NOUIAHHDS KOAOHIH OOMKOTHPYHTS anraifi- 
ckie dabpukatw. Tbhwb He Menbe uw BD Kanagh, HB ABCTpadiH BO- 
Hpocs o GespasoTHHxt um'beTb Takok me OCTPLIH XapakTepd, KAR H Bb 
Aurxin. M3b sToro KOpOTKaro HepewHsA BAAHO, ITO BOMpOch O Oespa- 
GOTHHXD HePasphBAO CilasgHb Cb COBpeMeHHOH opMoH mpoHsBOACTBa. 
3a BCBMH OTXBADRHIMH, TAR CKasaTh, MBCTHEEME OOLACHCHIAMH SBIC- 
Hid KPOeTCA Kakas-TO OAHa OOmlad NepBoupwyana» *). To me camoe 
BHACHHeETh ApyroH anbrsificcii ascabyopatesb Bompoca 0 Gespabor- 
HHX'b. <OTO ABICHIO JO CHX'S NOP PascMaTpHBAAOCh, HIH KARDB Crytall- 
Had COmialbHad Oos'bsHb, NPOHCXOAAMaa OT BPCMOHHALO NPOMBIMAeH- 
HarO KPHSHCa, HAH KAKDb PesyAbTaTh ABAOCTH, HECOOCOOHOCTH H UbAH- 
CTBA& OTIBALHHWX HHARBUAYYMOBD, HEH, HAKOHOIT, KAK'b CCTCCTBCHEHE 
H HeusObaan hasHch NABAAMSALIB,—roBOpHTS STOTh HSCIbAOBaTOED, 
Kpalie AWOOUHTHHH 0 cBoemMy coniaxbHOMy NosomesiW.—Takb Kanb. 
BIOpad IpHyHAa, T. €. YEH A UbHHCTBO, He IMIPHROAHTCH ye HEH 
OMHHM CKONbEQ-HHOYAb CepbeSHLIME MHCATeAeM'’, TO NOCTATOUHO yRa- 
3AaTb, ITO <Gespa6OTHOCTh» He ECT BpeMeHHOe COCTOAHIe oTA'bAbHAre 
HHABBEAYYMA, a WOCTOSHHGE COMiarbHoe ABAeHIe, CBOErO pola TpacHHA, 
Ky1a AbACTBATCABHOCTS Oc3lipepHBHO TOARAeCTS paOoTHHKOBD. OTb AHY- 
HHXb EAYeCTB TOTO HAA APYTOrO HHAHBUAYYMA MORMCTL 3aBUC'BTB, 
KOTO H8b HHXB BOSbMYTE Ha paboTy, HO OHH He PBMAaWTh, CKOAbKE- 
OcTaHyTCs 6e3% padomu. EcIm KTO-HHOYAL pa3sCcIHTHBaeTE HepagxuBaro 
H HeCHOCcOOHaro paOoTHHKa, TO TOAbKO NOTOMY, YTO cpeaH Oespa6ot- 
HHXB ecTh Ooxbe cnoco6ane. Xopomaro paboTHHRaA BLITAaCKHBahTh 
H3b TPACHHH H OpocawTs TyAa MeHe cnhocobHaro. Bb cHay eTore 
e6mee wc10 GespaboTHHXxh, Bb CYMIHOCTH, He HaM'bHsSeTCa. 510 BE 
TOMS, 4TO GespadoTana CCTb pe3syAbTaTbh TaKUXb 9KOHOMHYCCRHX'- 
YCAOBIH, Hat’ KOTOPHIMH HHAGBHAYYMb He uMbeTE KOnTpOIs. Jbab u 
TOpOKH MHI BCTpbaiaeM> BO BCBXD kKxaCCax’b. boraThe ANH NOBHHAM 
Bb 9TOM CTOIBEO Ke, CCIW Jame He Ooxbme, ThMS ObARHE. Bo Bca-. 
KOMb ClYIaB Bb NOIbBy NOCABAHHXS MORHAO NpHBecTH OoxbmMe CMAr- 
YaWMUXb OOCTOATCALCTBS, TAakb Kakb ObAASKH YACTO HAawHAaWTS. 
NHTb BCABACTBIG HeEMpaBHIbHOcTA paboTH, AUSKO sapaboTHO NrzaTH 


*) D. Campbell, The Unemployed Problem. London, 1902. p. 4—5. 


E8Bb ABFA. 7 


H HHINeCTH, AOBORsMeH HO OTYaRHia... MuHorie, Bb TOM UHCXB HBEO- 
TOPH6 OSKOHOMHCTH, CKAOHHH OObACHATS GeepaboTHy 3aeTOeM'b Bb 
NPOMBIMIACHHOCTH, <0NOXHMH WbAaMH», XOTA HE BCerma TOIHO OMpe- 
ABAAWTh, ITO HMCHHO OHH DOAPASyMBBAWTS 0b STUN TOBATICM'S. 
He seb s8aWTt, Kakb BeAHKO %HCIO GespaboTHHXB ame Tora, 
Korma «xbaa xopomH». CauTaetca BNOAHS HOPMAXbHHIMD, ecau 2°/, 
Tpe7S-WHIOHACTOBD Haxonatca Oesb paboTn. Cpexu HeopranHsoBbaH- 
HHXS pabowwxh Bb ToH we OO1acTH MpPOMNMIACHHOCTH MpoueHTs fo- 
pasxo BHime. Jame Bb TO BpPeMA, ROMA MPOMBIMACHHOCTH AOCTHTaeTh 
HEOOHIKHOBeHHATO pacushra,—sb AHTIiH He MeHBMe 20—80 THCaYD 
GespaOoTuHX® Tpos'b-WHionAcTOBS. Ato xe RacaeTca OOmlaro qHCAa 
6espa6oTHHXt, TO OHO BYbep pbaKO OHBaeTE MeHbINC, TEND 150.000. 
Bp Okaxt, Hallp., ceroqua HwaxojHTS paboty Imonb, a 8aBTpa— 
Amaub. O6a OHH CIHTAWTCA paboTaNNWMH; HO, Bb CYMHOCTH, H TOTS 
H Apyrofl xpoHHyecku «HesopabaTHBaWTh», CKOIbEO OHH MOFAH OH EF 
xorban. Hp cocranzenin oryerosh 0 HCAs OespaboTAHXb BO BHH- 
maHie He UpHHAMabTca culamie Oesb ciyHON KAepKA, CTpaxoBHe 
WTeHTH, JOKYPHNe Bh Ckialaxt w Up. He UpHHAMAWTCA, KOHCUHO, 
TakKe BO BHUMaHie NpodecciOHaxbAbe OpoxArHu, HHMLie HM IpecTyUHAEH, 
KOTOpHe MOraH OH B3ATb paboTy, TOXBKO BLITBCHABD KOTO-HHOYA Apy- 
roro. Cantawmie Oespadoruny pesyabTaTOM® «IAOXHXD AbAb» AOIMAH 
6HAH OW HBSYIHTh OTICTH MHHHCTePCTBa TOPTOBIA H IPOMEIMIACHHOCTH. 
Ba 1905 1, Hanp., cyya# nO oTueTamS, Xbla OWA Aye, YbWb 
ROrAa-1H60 panbme, a MexLyY ThMb WponesdTs Oespa6oTHLXx®b Ony'b 
OYE BEICORS. II poMpMIAeHHHe KPASHEH, MEPTBHE Ce30HH, HepemM'bHE 
MOTH, Hapymienie paBHoBbcia, cosqanHoe BOHHOH, MOryTh yCHAUTD Oes- 
paboruny, OOOcCTPHTh CHMNTOMH OorbsHu, HO KOPHH JeRaTh He BB 
NepeqwwCACHHHXb IIpPHInHaxs, a ropasio rayOmxe. Borb novemy, opH 
BCOMb JOOPOMb ReAAHiW, WaIAiATABAI He MOFYT NOMOY Bly, CCI BO 
BHHM@Hie HO UPHHATH KOPHH» *), 

Iipw CkOAbKO-HHOYIb BHHMATCIBHOMD OTHOWCHIA EB akTaMs 
cymecTBoBanie OespaboTHHXh NOAKHO HaMb Ea8aTbCH YPOAMIBBEIMD 
nNapagoncoms. .Bp camomp mrbab. CrarHcTHk&a YOBOPHTb HaM‘b, 4TO 
GespaboTHHXt OCO6eHHO MHOFO CpeJH KaMCHIIHEOBD HM BL CTPOHTeIb- 
HOME bab. SHAIMTS JM STO, TO BCe HaceseHie AHTAIH RHBCTH Bb 
TAKHXS YAOOHHXE NOMbMeHIAXh, TO CTPOHTLCA HEKOMY? Hbrs, rpss- 
HHS, H@S{OPUBHIX, DOAYpaspyMeBHHHA MYPbH CYIMECTBYHWTh Bb Kax- 
OMS Soxpmoms roporb. Korrexxu cexbCkaxt padoTHHKOBS, OoxAbWIEW 
YacTbhW, COBepMeHHO He YAOBACTBOPHTeCABHES (Cb abTTifickoH TOUKM 
3pbuia). Jloxoys Hatin yBeIH4HBAeCTCA Ch KARINMb TOOMB H BH 
uucaneTca Telepb BL 1.800.000.0000 @. cr.; HO TOIbEO TpeTb 9TOH 
CYMMEI HIe€Th Ha sapaboTHy wasaTy. «Pocrs TpécToBS uw ONCTpag 
KOHNEHTpalif IPOMHMIAeHHOCTH Bb HEMHOFAHX'S PykaXb yBCIHGMBACTS 





*) The Countess of Warwick, -Unemployement: its Causes and Conse- 
quences», p. 7—8. 





8 RIOHEO. 


TY WacTh AOXOMa Halliv, KOTOPad HACTS Bb BUXB pexTH.—LEcrecTser-. 
HHMD padorosaTeremb HapOda ABASeTCH caMb Hapodb. Meaazy Thub 
HapoOlb BUAHTb, KAR BCe: YBCIHIABaWMascs wacTb OorarcTsb, Upo- 
HSBOJUMBIXD HMb, OTHHMACTCA y Hero. Ona He TpaTHTCaA Jake Ha 
IpeAMeCTH POCKOIMIH, MPOHSBOJHMNG APYrHMH paGOTHHEAMH, a TOAbKU 
corbicTsyeTh elle OoabmeH KOHMeHTpalin kKalluTaxa H HakOlseHiw 
GoratcTyb. Takaw'b oOpasomb caMH pabo0THHEH cOKpallaiTh n0ze 


‘Tpyia gun ce6a 4 CBOHXS TOBapumef. D[loxynaresbHaa cmocoOKnocTb 


HepexoquTh OTb TSX, KOTOpHIG OcobeHHO AYKIaWTCA Bb Hell, Kh 
TBM, KOTOPHIC 1aBHO COBepMesHO MpeCHTHIHCh H UMBWT TOABKO 
OHO -cTpeMaeHie — Kb @HHAHCOBOMY rocooscTBy. ILpoMbulsxeHHOCTB 
PaSBHBaeTCa, HO YHCIO TKADKAXS Pabpukd, salOIHsWMuUXxb MIpOBHe 
PHHEH CBOHMH QaOpHkaTaMy, — He yBeAHaHBaeTca., Ecan6nl cyA0- 
CTPOHTeAbHad padoTta Hw ABAO Ha TKANKUXD adpakaxt MOorad OBIT 
BHIOIHCHH ABTOMATAaMH, TO, HAaBBpHO, OOpasoBaica On TPécTS, KO- 
TOPHH, CKYNHBb WaTeHTH Ha HSOTOBAeHie OTHXb MAaMIHH, CTaXb 
Onl MOAYWAaTh BCB AOXOAM Cb YOOMAHYTHX® OTpacset MpOMBIMLACHHOCTH. 
EcaH BCA 30MIH HU KAIIMTalb MOLYTh UpHwalszematTh 100.000 Baa- 
Xbabgamb, TO nouemy He 100? Ecan -100.000 pa6oTHHkam> MOKHO 
OTKas8aTb BB UpaBb wa padoTy Bb CTpant, KOTOPy OBH OdoraTHAK 
CBOHMB TPYJOMb, TO HOYeMy HeIb3d# cibiaTb TOTO #&e camaro 00 
OTHOMICHIO Kb MHIJIOHY PaOOTHHKOBS, pasbh TOIbKO OHH COraacdhl 
teupmbra? HecnupapesiHBocTh 8akiIw4aercd He Bb TOMb HAH Bb Apy- 
TOMb SHCIB GespaborHHXxh, & Bb TOMb PakTb, YTO XOTA OM OHH YLO- 
BbKb, Kerawmifi pabotath, He MOReTb CA‘blaTb STOO, He CMOTPA Ha& 
TO, 4TO 3CMIA, OPYAiA UPOASBOACTBA H HHCTPYMCHTH JexaTh UpasqHo. 
JAH XosaTb 6e3b paooTH, TOrWa Kab YacCTb HaceleHid HCObITH- 
Baerh HACTOATCAbHY HYKAY UMCHHO Bb TOMb, UYTO MOLYTb DpOHus- 
BecTH GespadoTHHe. OTS «MepTBaro Cez0Ha» CTpasawTb Oorbwe BCbxXd 
TOpTHHe, XOTA THCAIA Ose He UMBWTE Telsaro WiaTbs». 

«Bespaboruna sBAdeTCA aOCOMWTHLIMb H HeEHSOBKHMIMD pesyibTa- 
TOMB TOTO,—TOBOpHTb YOOMAHYTHH abrdilickii aBTOpb,—4TO seMd4d, 
ReMBSALA JOPOTH, BaHaIH, JOKM, MaWHHH H Apyrla opywa Uupous- 
BOACTBA JalOTh Tellepbh BOSMOHOCTh HEMHOTUMS KEAKBUAYYMAM'b HT 
Ha CYCTh APYTuXb, KOTOPHIM'S 8a 9TO NpeAOCTABIAeETCA POBHO CTOAbKO, 
YTOOH He yMepeTb cb rodoga. Io ubpb Toro, kakb kauuTald OyseTb 
KOHUCHTPUPOBATbCA Bb HEMHOFHX pykaXxh, BOUpOcd Oo OespaboTHHNxh 
cTaHeTb eule Oombe ocTpHM’b. Payut OespadoTHHXxb OYJYTb yBeuHdH- 
BaTbCA KICPKAMH, AeCHTAMH, PassOPpHBIIHMHCH TOPFOBLAMB, 4TO MBI Ha- 
Ox0faemb ye Bb CocauHenHbix I]Tataxb» *). 

«A wpeanpaHAMaTeib, U padoTHHKb,—BHIaCHaeTb Apyrok aaraif- 
cei wscabaobaTedb BOmpoca oO Ge3paboTHHIXt,—aABAAWTCH padaMi 
pHuka. MaguBasyatbani npesqMpHHuMaTetb He HM'beTS KOHTPOIA Hab 
WbHaMH, HO CaMb, TaKb CkasaTb, KOHTpoaupyeTca uMH. YcrOBia 


*) Countess of Warwick, ,Unemployement*“. 





H3b AHIPAIG. 9 


PHHEA RAaCTAaBAANTb UpPeANPHHHMATOAA CTPCMHTBCH Kb OOHEKCHIM 
Ube. Ha PaopHkaTH. OTCHAS BHTCKACTh, ITO PaOpHKaAnTh MOMETS 048- 
THT sapaOcCTHYW UsaTy TOABKO Bd SABHCHMOCTH OTB NOsOMeHIA DHAKA. 
TakuMb o6pasom'b, sapadoTsag OAéaTa HaxOAaTCaA BAS KOBTPOAR pa- 
60THHKOBD. Takum 006pas0m, HCBABAWe MabpuKaTH, CO3J4HHHe KAKb 
pesyabTaTb MYCKYAbHArO HY YMCTBOHHAO TPyta yexOBbKa, Mpespama- 
‘TCA Bb TameANi KepHoBs, ApoOamift cBoero npowspoquTeas» *). 
Kagoe oTHomeHie umbeTb aTo OOcTOATeALCTBO KB BOUpOCY O Gespa- 
OOTHHIXD? Takb Kakh 0pPeANPHHHMATOIb SABHCBTh BCEMBIO OTh PHAKA, 
TO KOHKYppenuis, pacTymaa Bce 6oAbme H 6oabme, 8acTaBAReTs dab- 
PHEAHTA [IPHHHMATb MAUWIHHH, 110 BOSMOBHOCTH 604bMe 9KOHOMHSH- 
pyomia Tpyrb, ITOOH TAaKHMS OOPasOMb YeMleBHTh MPOHSBOACTRO- 
Bosbmems, Haup., TRanKOe wbro. Bb 1831 r..—roBopuTh X9HTOR? 
BB cBoe kHurB «Wealth and Progress»,—sb AMepHES kami 
TEAYR HBSTOTOBAZAD BR Tose 956,7 gd. Marepin, a BB 1880 r.— 
3519.47 . Jpyrumu caoBama, BB 1880 r. Tpu Tkaqda BSrOTOBASIH 
CTOAbKO HC APAOBb CHTUA, CEOABKO OJHHHAIMLaTh paooTHHROBD Bb 
1831 r. 3apa6oTHas naaTa 00 OTHOMeHiW Kb BHHIMBHAYYMY OAHS- 
ach, OLITh MOKETH, HO 10 OTHOMEHIN Kb NPORSBOAHMOMY DadpukaTy,— 
yoasa. Hens6baxHiM) PesyAbTATOMb ABAACTCA COKRPalledie WHCAa paboT- 
HAKOBD. HM ecaH TOABEKO UHCACHHOCTH padouaro Haceesif' HE NOHRHAeTCA 
UponopuiokaaAbHO CL BBeseCHiONS 9SKOHOMHSHPYNMIMHXS TPYIb Ma- 
M11HHb,—TO €CTECTBEHHO 4HCI0 GespaboTHHXx’ OyzeTb BOspactaTb. Bosb- 
MeM> Apyrok upam bp. Jo 1872 r.campe KpyNHWe rpysoBhHe DapoxosH, BB 
Cpexkem’s, HbA 10 1000 TonAD. Ha Takom’> cyIHB Tpe6oBaica OKHNARd 
fo kpakvei mbpb ub 18 yexzonbED. Bb 1883 r., BexbactBie as06pb- 
TeHif HOBHX> M&UIHH H YCOBepIeHCTBOBaHiA METOAA BL DOCTpOHES 
KOpUyca KOpadsad, ABHAHCh Ipy80BWe MapoOxoiht Bb 4 THCAYH TOHHS. 
Aaa yupaBlesia TakHNb CYAHOMS TpebyeTcu skHuaxb BB 30 yeXxO- 
BbEb. CB 1892 r. MEL BHIBMS ye py3OBHie MapOXOAH Bb CeMb 
THCHYb TOHHS, 2 DOTOMb Bb JeCBATB THCAYD. Jag Takoro koOpa6bsa 
HeEOOXOAHME SKHTaxb Bb 35 yesxORBED. Tam, rib BCB MaTpOCH 4H 
goverapH Malai HAH KATAHOL, & TOAbKO OuDepH eBpone#uH,— 
SKHNab ropassqo MHOTO"HCIeBHbe. Mtakb, MH BAXHMS, ITO Bb ABas- 
Wath ABTS Upows0mla Takaa Depembxa: rab BB 1872 r. TpedoBas0ch 
162 yexoBbsa (fa 9 Kopa6aeH BD 1000 TOHHS), Tam Telepb cupa- 
BAUACTCH 9KHTaKb Bb 3H YeAOBBED. BubcTO wepaTH KopabseH Tenepb 
MOMHO CTPOHTb TOIBKO OHH. BoTh DO¥eMy MHOTO KOGerapoBh, KOpa- 
6eIbHHXb IIOTHHKOBB H MAIIHHHCTOBR vcTaloch 6e3b paboTH. 
I[papya, MOPcKad TOPIOBIA CHAbHO YBeIHUHJacb, HO He Bb Tako 
eTeneHH, 4T06H BCB pa6oTHHES, BhOpOmMeHHHe 3a Goprs BCIbsAcTBIe 
Depembat BB NOcTpokkb cyf0Bt, Hama ON BanaTie. OOpaTuM’ BAH- 
MaHie H& CTORMOCTS dpaxTa. Bh 1872 r. paxTb usb OxeccH Bt 
AlOHAOHED OnIb 2 *). cT. 3a TOHHY, & Telepb TOAbKO 13 mua. da 


a re rn ee Ne A 


*) The Unemployed Problem. By D. Campbell. 


— 


16 RIOHEO. 


ocraBky TOHHH Yaa “8m Kutag Bb JOHJOHS NAaTHAOCh BE 1872 r.— 
CeMb QYHTOBB CT., @ Tellepb—jBa d. cr. Tonna anrasificsaro yrag 
WpogaeTcA BB ACKCAHAPIH, HA PascTOAHIH ABYXDb THCAYb MHIb OTh 
maxTH, 8a 18 m. 6 n. U3n Bebxe oTHxb akTOBb, TANHIHNXD LIZ 
HACTOAMaroO BDPeMeCHH, MOXHO crbsaTh cxbrywmie puBory. Lo-nep- 
eure, YOBbYecKi# Tpyr KCe Gorbe u Sorbe BUTBCHAeCTCA MADIN- 
HaMH; 8TO s#BAeCHIG YCHINBaeTCA HesnpepEBHOR NoObAoH Ha PHHKAXb 
AewesHxt PabpwkaToBs Haxb AoporaMy. Bo-emoprx, Bb MpoOMHM- 
ACHHOCTH MH BBAUM, Kakb Nepiormyecka (NpAOAMBHTeEABHO, KARAWA 
AecaTb ABT) CTAapHA MalIMAbl BUTBCHINTCA HOBNMH, YAYIMCHAHMHA. 
Kaxana Jecath XBT (mpHOAMBsATeIbHO) COOCTBEHHNKA OpyAit mpoHs- 
BOACTBA, KOBKYPpUpyloMlie APyrb Ch APYTOMD, PAacMApPAWTH BAO, NOIb- 
3YHCb IPOrpeccOMb OUpPHKAaAAWXDS HayKD. Haxwwi usb coOcTBeHHA- 
KOBb CpamaeTcaA 8a ce6s, uN'bA Bb BAHAY OAHY UbAb—AHYHYIO BH- 
roxy. OH CTPOATb ‘HOBHe KOpaban, cTaBATh Ha Gabpakaxb HOBIE 
MAIIHHEI H BC@ 9TO Cb TOW WBA, ITOOH BNDYCTHTD JemeBHe Pabpukarel 
H BHITBCHHTS KOHKYppeHTOB Ha PHHKAX'b. OTO CTpeMIenie CTaHOBHTCA 
BCeOOMUMS Tocrb HbEOTOparO Nepioga saTHMe”, BO BpeMa koTOpare 
CTapHd MADIMHH AOCAYRABAWTS cBoe BpemMs. a NornOmia cyza Npex- 
Hei KOHCTPyENia He SaMbMawica ApyraMuH Takoro xe Tala. daTbM> 
KARINA 8AaBOLIBRS, PaOpHKAHTh BAW CYAOBAATHAeME CNBMHTE UpPH- 
MBHHTB Moca’bawee cx0B0 HaykA. []poMEMAeHHOCTA BpeMeHHO JOCTH- 
TraeTh HeOOHKHOBERHAO pacuBbTa, a 8aTBMb HAYHHACTCH KPHSUCh. 
HoBHa MalHHH, BHTBCHHBMia cTaphia, HOBKIe Kopaban, NosBeHie 
KOTOPHX 8ACTAaBHIO ClaTb CTapHe Ha CAOMh,—COssaWTh Lepenpo- 
H8BOACTKO H YIpOMAQHOG HakOleHie HeNpOLAaHEHXh MabpuKaTos's. 
Pa6ouie 6orbe He HYKHH, NOTOMY ITO PaOpskKanTDL UM'BCTS Bb CBOHXDS 
CKAaLaXb CAIHUIKOMB MHOTO MPOAYKTOBD HXD Tpyla. HacrynaeTs ne- 
piog® xpoHHyeckoh Oespa6oTunn. Takumh o6pasomb noci'blasa 
ThCHO H HepasAbsbHO CBa8aHa Ch BWAbMAeH opMok npousBOCTBA. 
Pagukaibaoe paspbienie Bompoca o GespaboTHHXb BO3MORHO NO- 
STOMY TOIJBEKO TOFAa, KOrAa OpyAis NponsBolcTBa OyAyTb He yacTHOH, 
a OOmecTBeHAVA co6cTBeHHOcThH). HO HeCOMHBHEHD H TOTh akTh, 
§TO YSMD COBpeMeHHHH cTpo GOorbe emMoKpaTuyeHh, ThMD cxradbe 
Bonpoc’ 0 6espadoTHHxb. Harasqunt opamwbpb MH BUA‘AR Rb Ha- 
yal'B 9TOTO MHCbMa. 

Tenepb: o6paruMca Kb 1agsiaTHBaMt, T. e. Kb TAM CPeACTBAaM'h, 
ROTOPHA peflaranwtTca BB ABTIIM pasIHYHLMH OOMeCTBCHHHME 
ABATeCAAMH MH LapTiaMa Jaa GoppOn cb 6espabotune#. Ho mpemae 
eme H'BCKOJbEO CIOBS 06% OfHOt Teopid mponcxoxyenia OespadorunOsl. 
Bupeyena OHa H8b ONpoBeprHyToH BB AHTain we Teopik «sapador- 
Haro MOH.a» H CBOAATCH Kb TOMY, ITO paboTa AIA BCBXD HalizeTca 
TOABKO TOTa, Koa camH paooyie nosaboTaTca O COKpalleHiH 4YHCEa. 
OYAYMIMXD KOHKYppeHToBs. Crpamante Bcbxb NepenpowsBoAcTBb—liepe- 
pousBorcTso wre. Haxauii umber 0paBpo KHTb,—ropopaTh Masa, 
BB XI raasb sropofi kHuTa CBoef <IloguTH4ecko# akoHOMin».— Ire 








Sb avTJLH. IT 


MH EpeqnosaraeMb OeschopHiiutb. Ho HAETO He AMbeTS NpaBba AaBaTs 
MHSHB CYIIECTBAM', KOTOPHXD OOa8aHH OyAYTb coxepmaTh aApyrie 
apau. Kro xowerb HacTaHBaTb H& DepBOMb 8b STHXb UpPaBh, OI- 
HEH OTKASATHCA OT BCAKOH npeTensih Ha BTepoe. Ecaa yeAOBBED. 
He MOKETh COepRaTh Fake camoro ce6a 685 MOMOMA APyrHX’+, STH 
Apyrie uMbwTh paso ckasaTb, ITO He OepyTb Ha ce6a OOA8RHHOCTH 
colepmaTh BCBXt Whref, MpPOMSBECTH KOTOPHXb Ha CBBTS Ob MMBETS 
dbusuyeckyw ciocobsoctTh. A MERAY ThMb CCT MHORECTBO NHCaTeseH 
HM OpaTopoBhb, A Kb TOM YHCIB AMJeH ch CAaMHMA XBACTIBBHIMH Ipe- 
TCHSi9MH H2 LOSBHINCHHOCTh YYBCTBb,— MHORECTBO MHCaTeAeH H OPaTo- 
poBd, KOTOPHe BMBWTh HA KASRD TARCH RABOTHEH BITAAIb, ITO 
HaSHBaWTh MEcTOKOcepAiems MbMATh HUMHMb POKMATh HacabAcTheH- 
HHXS HHMHXD Bh CaMOMD pabowemb Jomb. Iloromcrso uhgorya ch 
H3yMICHieME CTAHETS CNPAMABaTh, ITO OTO OHA 3a Hapol'b, Bb KO- 
TOPOMS Takie MIpONOBBAHHEH MOTAH HAXOAHTS WposesATOBh? 
Tocyzapcrso MOrs0 6H rapaHTBHpoOBaTh padoTy cb xopomiew Ma- 
TO} BCBMD ye POAMBIMAMCA Ha cBBTb. Ho ecw OHO CABAAeTS BTO, 
OHO AXA CAaMOCOXpanenia H NO Tpe6osanin BCBXS ObseH, TAA KOTO- 
PHXS CYMECTBYeTh MpaBUTeIbCTBO, NOIKHO UPHHATE M'BPH, ITOOH we 
POAHACH HH OJHHS wIOBBED Gest ero corazacis... Togzo6s0 now 
BChMB Apyramd ObjcTBiawh,—ropopaTh Muxab Bb ApyroMs mbcrh, — 
ObAHOCTL CYDICCTBYCTh NOTOMY, ITO AMAR 6e8b AOAMABOH pascyANTeIb- 
HOCTH CIBAYHTb CBOHMS XBBOTHHMS HACTHHETAMS. Ho o6mecrTBo 
HMCHHO DOTOMY H BOSMORHO, FTO YEIOBBRE MOMETE HE OCTABATLCH 
HBBOTHHIM’?. L[npnansanix BO BCBXb CBOHXb CTOPOHaXxt — 6opb6a 
npOfHBS MHBOTHEIXS HHCTHHRTOBD. OW@ AORABAXA, ITO GeOBBED MO- 
KeTh Upio6pbrath OcTAaTOWYyW BAACTh Jake Hab TaKBMH HHCTAHE- 
TAMH, KOTOPHe UpHHallemaTb Kb GHCAY CHIbABAMAXD... Ecan6n 
JTBEPABIOCh BB pabowemMd Kracch MaAboie,—saranwnBaerh Murip— 
4TO Aad GxarococrosHia paboTHuKOBb HYHHO HBBbCTHOe Orpanwyenie 
qucla HXDb brefi, TO paboTHHEH CONMIHAaLO H NOYTeHHArO XapakTepa 
OYAYTb DocTyMaTb coo6passo sTOMy Tpe6oBaHiw, & HapymMatTb ero cTa- 
HYT AHMb Th, KOTOPHeE BOOOMe He YRaRalwTD OOMeCTBEHHEX' 0013aH- 
HocTe#. Torja OYeBHAHHIME 06pa30Mb MORHO OyseTh ONpaBlatTh OOpame- 
Hie Bb 3aKOHHY OOA8aHHOCTS HpaBCTBeNnHOs OOA3aHHOCTA He MPOHSBO- 
ABTA Ha CBT AbTeA, KOTOpHIA OHM Ob OOpeMeHeHiOMS 11a OOMECTBA. 
He cmMoTpa BA TO, ITO OCHOBHOE NOAOMeHie, U8h KOTOparTO Muaab— 
HCXOXHT,—Wwage-found *) omponeprayTo Bb caMoH me Anrain (Tv- 


*) IIo reopin wage-found, usu donga sapadoTnoii OATH, cylecTByerh 
PL Kay Tabpylo MAIYTY onpexbrewwaa CYMMa Hapoduaro OoraTcTBa, KO- 
TOpan Herb Kak’b BOsHAarpaxdenie 3a Tpyab. boubme astToh cyMMBI pado wee 
HaceseHie HO MO:KCTh NOAYYHTb, HO OHO HMBeETb DpaBo Ha ech OTY CYMMY 
6esb octatka. Takum'b o6pa3zomb, mo sToH Teopiv, 3apa6oTHaa UnatTa 3aBu- 
CHTb HCKINMYHTCAbHO OTH YHCIA AULD, NPereHAYWOUUXD va Hee: HMB YHCHRO 
pa6oTHHKOBD OOJbWe, TEMS MEHbINC DONS NOCTOAHHOA CYMMBI, OpHxorsMelica 
Ha KAKO, H BACHOpOTs. 


12 RIOHEO. 


PHTOHOMS),—H Telepbh elle MEI BCTPbiaeMs BE AHTIin He Mado AMITS, 
OpOnOBbAYHULUXS Bb WeywaTH H Ch OAATPOpMH, ATO paspbmenie BO- 
Hpoca o 6banocTH Hu GespaboTub saBuCHTb OTS CaMHXt paGoTHHEOBD: 
HaJJCKATE TOABKO CABIOBATH COBBTAMS «He0-MaIbTYSiAaHCTBA>... 


IIt. 


OHO H8% UPHMHTHBHHXB cpeqcTsh Gopp6m cb Gespadoranéi 
ABIACTCA NOCKBACTRICML TOTO BSTAAIS, ITO padoTOAaTeAb PHABHTpOID, 
OxaroxbrexbcTByWOmit pa6oTHHka. Bs cuxy sToro B3raaga «oGzaroyb- 
TCALCTBOBaHHH» padotoH joaKeHb «BbaGHO Bora MOJHTD» 38 QH- 
AaHTpON@ HW HE MAfHAVATD Ha OAary. «{halnauanie» cCBANBTCABCTBYeTS 
0 AymesHoH ucnopyesHocTH. Bo Aarain Teleph NOAOOHHIXh BSrxH- 
JOB Ha OOS8aHHOCTH OOAaroXBTCALCTBOBAHHWXS KD O1aroxbretaMh 
WepHarca TOIbKO peawriosHha oOmlecTBa, TXaBHHME OO6pasom,, Ap- 
Mia Cnacenia. Borh yxe MHOTO XBTb, KAKb OHA—HAH, TOYO, Ina, 
CTOAMif BO riaBb eX,—UpeBpaTHAHCh Bb KPYOHALO MPOHSBOAUTEeSS, 
OessacTbHYABO NOAbsywMarocd BCIbACTBIC AyWeBHAO LOMbEMA H SHTY- 
3ia3sM@ <«COAJaTb» HeEBBPOATHO JeMeBLIME TpyAOMb. Tenepaabanii 
mra6b ApMid CoaceHia jaeTh Ha cBOuxXS *adpukaxh H Bb MaCcTep- 
CKHXb paboTy OespaboTHHim’b, HO H& TARHX'b YCAOBIAXb, ITO TPob- 
WHIOHH OOBHHAWTE «reHepaza» Bysca Bb «BhIRHMAaHiH OTa» 
Aame BL OOxOx6 NaplaMeHTCKHXb 8aKOHOBb, BOCIpelawMexb pas- 
cyeTh Hatypo (Track Acts). Jbroms mpomaaro roa cexperapb 
TPeAb-WHIOHA CTOIZPOBb BHCLYOHID Cb WBAWMb PALOMD OOBHHCHIH 
apoTtus, Apmin Cuacenis. «Ona He MiaTaTh 8a padoTy, a& AaeTb 
TOAbKO «Harpash»,—HCalb, MCHLY MPOIM’b, CekpeTapb.—CTolapH 4 
HIOTHHKA padoTawTb 52'/s yaca Bb Hebi UH, Bb CpesHeM, NOAy- 
GahTb He Go1bme 12 mats. Usb stax neHerbh ApMia yAepxuBaeTD 
9 Mui. Bb HeAbIW 3a KBAPTHPY H CTOIb, & WAIIMHTS—s8a WlarTbe, 
canora H cTupsy 6baba. Bb macrepckuxt Apmia Cnacenia Oespaoor- 
He (0A0THHEH H CTOASPH) NoLywawTb 2 Nl. Bb WaCb, TOLAa Kakb 
oOHYHad Diata—10 oescosb. [sasani pascyeTh UpousBoqATca Ha- 
Typo, T. e. paGOTHHEH MMBHTB CTOIb H KBapTHpy. AeHbraMu He 
IAOTHHEA MOAYYaTb TOIbKO 4 HeHCa Bb ZeHb» *). ApMia Coacenia 
Dpo6oBasa BEICTYUHTh Cb ODPOBepReHieMb, HO OYeHS HEYMAIHO. PakTs 
HHATORHATO BOSHarpaxsenia Hw OOxoAD Truck Acts Onlazh mpH3Hadh; 


*) Daily News, August 26, 1907. Bb to# xe razerTb aBropbh UpHBOABTS 
HBCKOIBKO UpAMBpOBb SKcCOAyaTHpoBakia OespaOoTHHIxXt’ co cTopouHH! ApMi# 
Cnacenia. 3a OKOHHYND pamMy cb kocakamn ApMian Cnacenia N1aTHTb CBOHMD 
pacoTsnkamMs 16 mui; o6naHad xe onaTa—3 >. 3 mw. da mMecTh KYXOHHHIXD 
mKkapospb Apmia qaerTb 36 nin. O6OLIWHAaA Data, OCHOBaHHaA Ha IHCASBpa- 
60uUHXb yacoBD (84),—3 . 138m. 6 no. 3a ABaanaTbh CkaMeeKh, BE 8 Oh. Kaxk- 
nasa, ApMia Cuacenia yaerp 30 muanx. (3a 120 yacoBb padoTH); HOpMaIbHan 
nuata 5 $. 6 w., aT. 4. Bob ato Bemu Apmia Coacenia npogzaerh DOTOMD 3a 
NOIHYD ORY W DONyWaeTb TaKHMDS OOpasoms rpoMagHyh mpHO6nap. 


ASb AHTAIH. 18 


no Apwia Cnacenia cchizazach H& TO, ITO OHA AaeTh xxXKOD Gespa- 
OOTHHMS, T. @. OxaroxbressctTayeTs. «Hamu adpHra—nacars 
«wahoph» Creprmecb— SBASWTCA THXOH MPHCTAHbW A YOBRAMEMD AIR 
HOCWACTHHIXS, NOTepIBBMAXt KpyMevie Bb KHSHH H HE HAXOAAUIAXS 
ABTAR pa6otw... Mn yhsaemb Bce, TO MOEN. BS o6ment Gespa- 
GOTHHe HaMb O4eHb OxarOJapHH, XOTH, KOHEWHO, NapmaBad OBTa 
MORCTL BaTeCaThCA Bb Kamwjoe cTazo» *). ApMia Cnacenia mHTaszach 
AOKa8aTb, 4TO ex pa6dovie—HeyjatHHKH, KOTOPHXD HH MPH KakHXd 
YCIOBIAX® HHETO He OepeTb. Ha eTO cekpeTapH WbAaTO PAAA TP2b- 
PHIOHOBD OTBbTAAY, ITO ApMia Cnacenia noasbsyeTcsa ycxyTaMH OOHEHO- 
BCHHHX% TCXHHYECEH OOYYCHHHXDS pacOTHAROBS, BPeEMCHHO BHOPOMIEH- 
HHXb 8a Ooprs. Bots HBEOTOPHe PakTH, IPAReAeHBHE CeKpeTAapAMH. 
«Xopomift macreposo#, Gusmifi Boro ATL cTapMaNs, Bb KPHTAYC- 
CKYM MHHYTY BHHYRACHDb Ob 8AXOKATS CBOH HHCTPYMOHTH, KOTO- 
phe npotaa y sakaaganka. Macteposo He OHIb WIeCHOMB TDPAb- 
WHIOHA, DosTtoMy 63% HHCTPYMeHTOBD OUyTHICA Ha yauIb. Uro6n 
coOpaTh Ha NOKYNKY HHCTpyMeHTOBS, MacTepoBoH wzBa Toxa paboTaab 
y Apmin Cnacenis, Hakorga He NoAyIad Ooabme ByXb WBAHETOBS 
BB HeXbiW. Hakonent, Wpiateab paOowaro pashHcKayb ero H NOMOrb: 
KYOMTb HHCTpyMenTH. Mactepopo HeMeqJeHHO Hatlerb pa6oTy Ha 
HoIbWOM, saponb sa HacToOAMy naaTy. Bors Bropoh daxrs. dena 
NpOnHsa HHCTPYMeCHTH MYA, KOTOPHH BcabAcTBie sTOTO NOTepsIb 
padoty HW BHBYXJeHb OHAb UpABATL «<Gaarombanie>» Apwia Cnacenia. 
Pa6ovit npo6nab BS MACTePCRHXD ef BOCeMb Hexbab. Boe eto Bpews 
OHB NOAVWAb ACHHTAMH OTH 6 ewcosh £0 1 mW. 6 OD. Bb HeABAD. 
Hagoners, opiatean NOMOraH KYDHTb HHCTpYMeHTN, # padoaift nocty- 
MHXb Ha abort, TAB nosyqaeTs 2 Gh. 5 WHI. BS HELA» **). 
Bropoe cpeaxctso nocab «6xaroTBOpATeAbHOCTH», PeKOMeHAyeMOe 
MpoTuEs SespasoTnny, sto—oMurpania. «Mexqy cpelcTBaMH IPOTHBS 
SespaboTHIH,—ToBOpaTh aBTopH Tpyza «West Ham» etc.,—nepece- 
Jeme NoabsyeTca HanGoabMieW NonysapHocThW. Besb comubuia, sto— 
WoxesHad MBpa, KOTLa BONPOCh HAeTh O CIMMKOM DepenoOAHeHHOMS. 
pa6ovems paakS. Ho nx0x0 TO, 4To MepecerawTca Bcerya Hanborbe 
SHEPIATHne, cMbaANe, NpexUpiaM4ABHe A CHocobaHe AH. Taka 
oOpasums, MeTpONOSIA TOAbEO CTpaqaeTh OTb Nepecesenia, TAK RAR 
BCB yepHopabouie Hw BCB MaxOCHOCOOHHe, MmpeAcTaBIawilie HaHOomb- 
wait MpowenTs cpeynu Gespa6oTHHXxb,—ocTawTca. Jo Thxb Op, M0- 
KYA@ IpoweHTh yepHopabowxt, He SHAWMAXD HAKAKOTO Wbaa, He Oy- 
ACTH CBeACHD 10 Minimum‘a, KoTOpHH, Bb CBOW OVeEpedb, SyAeTS Op- 
TAHHSOBaHD Bb COWS8H,—OMHTPali# BPA AH MOMCTL ABHATLCH CKOIbKO 
HHGOYAL BHAIHTOADHNIMD akTOpOMb Mpa pasphmensia woupoca oO Oes- 
padoTsHxt» ***).Ta xe Apmia Coacesia nompo6oBada NOCTPOHTh 9MH-- 





*) Daily News, August 29, 1907, 
*%) Ib. 
***) West Ham: A Study in social and Industrial Problems, p. 405. 


—_ 


14 RIO 8HEKO. 


Tpanilo Ha APyrax Hayalaxb, T. 6. Havata BHBOSHTh Ha J@HEIA, 30- 
CTABICHHHA OorayamMH CuTH, BCBXS yepHopadownwxh u «O610MEH 4e- 
-zopbaectBa». Bb 1897 r. Tako tTpancioprs 6b OTMpaBAeHh BY 
Pogesiw, rib uo nora6% OTb Tponwyeckoh ABxOpaqkH Ha Geperax. 
oamOesH. Takb Kakb BCKOPh Havaiach ljHO-adpukanckas BOfina, 
TO O dakTé sabnian. Bb mpomsomt roxy Apmis Cnacenia nopiopuxza 
TOTS KE OUTS; HO TOADKO KOPabIH Cb OMHFpAaHTaMH, pacibaaBMAMA 
H& MOTHBH DIACOBHXb MBCA THMHE MOA 3BYKH OapabaHOBD H TaM- 
‘OYPHHOBb, HallpaBHAdch He kb Oeperams A*puku, a Bb Kanany. Br 
AHPHIK KAMHT@IMCTHYeCKaH Mpecca O4eHb XBAAvAa 3a STO <reHepata> 
bysca; HO ONNITh NPHMI0Ch WpekpaTHTb, TaKb RAB KOXOHIA sanpo- 
TeECTOBala IPOTHB chaaBa Kb He BCBXD OessapHHXh Hw HecnOCO6- 
HEIX'S, 

Tlepefizemh Tefepb Kb NpOekTaMt, UpeAOMCHHLIME IHTAMH, pas- 
CMATPHBAWMAMA OespaooTHOY, Kakb sABIeHie MOCTONHHOe. TakHx 
MpOeKTOBh MpeqAOMeHO ObAO BL MOcHbAHee BPeMA OYeHb MHOTO. Haguy 
Cb SKCICHTPHIHAIO, PAHTACTHYeCKAIO NAaHa, PAaSBHBAeMAarO ABTOPOM', 
€fO H® TOADKO Bb HeyaTa **), HO u Ha (popymsb. | Tourn Kamgqoe poc- 
Kpecenie, Bb JORIb AM, Bb YEPHbIH TYMaHb, WAH Bb iMAbCKYH apy, 
MORHO BuNbTS BD Taiiys-napKb, y MpaMOpHok apEH, NOX «Jepesbamn 
ROHCTHTYHin», Kyka, pasBHBalwmaro CorpaxslanaMs cBol UpoeKTh yHu- 
qTOmeHIA SespahoTHOH. IRCUCHTPHIHHH aBTOpt UpHOaBaAseTS kb CBOelt 
amutin tTpu 6yxkpy <D. C. L.», 40, m0 ero OObacHeHiW, OAH 
osHayaT, «Distinguished Contract Labourer», r. e. «Assbcrani paz- 
GHEE padoaifi». lo mubHin Kyka, crauka— Beangsaiimee ObactBie Ha- 
mero BpeMeHH. Onb NpHHOcATS pabowaM®d CTOADEO Bpesa, ATO OCTAeTCA 
TOJbKO YAMBIATBCA, DOYVEMY elle He NpHAyManH Oombe WbHCTBUTeIb- 
HHA H pasyMHBIA cpescTBa. Boupocs 0 OespadoTHHxh JOIRAH pas- 
PBUHTL TPeNb-MHIOHH] H OTHWOIb HE CTAIKAaMH Bb HOAbSY EOPOTKATO 
padovaro qua H BBICOKOM sapa6oTHOH MaaTH. «Tpei'b-i0HiOHHSME Be- 
AHEOC 510, HO COWBEI He 8HAWTb, Kakoe yuoTpebseHie cAblaTb H3b 
CBOAXB KaluTasoBb. Jia HambuieHHo MHOW peopMH,—Nposormaerh 
Kykb,-—HYKHH JCHDTH H A Haydy, Kakb JOOKTD wxb. PadoTHHKH, 
IpHHassemanlie Kb KAKOMY-HHOYAb Tpel'b-WHIOHY, BHOCATS eRCHERBABHO 
BB kaccy oKcon0 2*/, DeHCcosh, T. e. OorbWe 10 mHAI. Bb rogb. As, 
OTHXE B3HOCOBh COCTABIAeTCA cTAaVeIHH Pours, kKOTOpH OWeHb Ja- 
CTO HCVepIbBaeTcCaA, He UpHHOcd pabowuMb HuKaKOH CcyllecTBeHHOti 
NOAbsHI». BaHocaMb HYRHO AaTb Apyroe Hasmayenie. «Mo naamb 38- 
KIWYACTCH BL CIBLWMeMb—NposoImaeTh Kykb.—PaovoTHHKA H pa- 
-GOOTHHOH BHOCATS exerogHo 10 W., HAH OKOIO 2 DeHCOBb Bb Hes'bIO 
BB ocobnf Pabouif Cotosamit Banks (Labour Union Bank), koropnit 
JOAKCHh HAXOMHTSCA 0M’ HEMOCPEACTBEHHLIMb KOHTPOJEMb Tparp- 
waionoBb. Bch cBou cOepexenia PaooTHHKH OTLAWTh vIOMY HC Oanky, 

*) The Unemployed Problem Solved. The New Labour Policy, by C. P. 
- Cook, D. C. L. 





H38> AHIaid. 15 


KOTOPHH oGbmaeTs Bobs BEIALIHKAME Mo 5°/, *). poneHTHHa JeHbrH 
OYAYTb JOCTABIATHCA NOCATHMIMAIHHTOBHMA BSHOCAaMH. Takum o6pa- 
30mMb, ecuH padouili comsHHt Oank> OyzeTh HaciATHBaTS 100 THCATS 
GICHOBD, OHS MOKCTh UAATHTh UPONCHTH 00 samy Bb CTO MHAXIO- 
HOB *. cT. Al He 8HaW, Kako HMeHHO NOcTOponHift KanuTarb cymb- 
WTb padoTHHER MpHBIEd Bb CBOH OaHkD; HO MHS HSBBCTHO, 4TO 
Bb HXb pacwOpsxeHi HEMEANICHHO ABATCH TPOMAAHHA CYMMBI, COCTAa- 
BACHHHA H8b KaNHTAXOBh TPeN'b-1OHiOHOBh MH X85 BEAALIOBS BE cOe- 
peraTeabHHxb Kaccaxb.gB. nocablauxb XpauATcA Telepb 128 Max- 
aioHoBh @. CT. OTH JOHbTH UpHHOCcATS TombKO 2'/2°/,. Lars npomes- 
TOBb OyAeTb, KOHETHO, ropasqo ayame». Aro me Whaat OanKy cp 
IPHBAeCWHHHMH KaluTalaMu? IIpaH noMomM uxb padosie, 10 BHpa- 
xeHin Kyka, «<J01KHH BHpPabotaTh cobOcTBeHHOe CiaceHie». Pabouiit 
COWsHHH faHkb BO3bMeTh Ha ceba AbIO Upuspbaia ObAWaKOBS. 
Kaman pspocani ObAgaKb, Haxoszamifica Ha OOmlecTReHHOMD IpH- 
spbuin, oOxogaTca Tenepb crpanb st 12 m. 6 o. Bb Hembaw. Bangn 
6yeTh N1O1yiaTb BCB AeCHbrH, PacxOAyeMHA Tellepb Ha HaylepoBs, u 
BHAaBaTb WMD 00 8 I. BB HeAbiw. Bb pesyabTarb — HALICHCTBO, 
laynepusms u pa6ogie joma ucyesHyTb Gest crbaa. <I papateabcrso 
HMBeTE Telepbh BB pykaxtb 128 wursionoBs . ct. cOepemenii, raas- 
HLM O6pasomb, padowaro gaacca. Uto OHO A'bAACTS Cb STHMHA JOHb- 
TraMB?—copamusaeTs Kykb.—CcyxaerTh HMA DOJPAIIMKOBD H CleKy- 
AATOPOBB 00 4 HH 5°/,; MPONCHTHHA eHEIH HAYTS Ha Horamenie 
HanionHatbHaro joura. Sl AyMaiw, 4TO JeCHbraMb MOKHO AaTb AyImee 
ynotpe6senie. [entpaabnanit pabovilt G6aHRb JOImeHD HM'BTb, 10 Kpasi- 
Hei mbpb, Tpucta oTabsenifi Bb pastHdHHXxd MBbcTaxb Auraiu. Pa6o- 
THM HeOOXOjaMO HMBTb COOCTBEHHHXS MNpekcTaBuTeteH BB MapdAa- 
menTS. Kamyoe ormbienie Oanka MOKETh NOCAATh Bb TaplaMeaTs, 10 
gpainefl mbpb, onOrO UpezctaBuTeia. Takam® OO6pasoMb Bb pykaxh 
pa60UHX? OYYTHTCA HE TOALKO KRADHTarb, HO H MOAHTHICCKAS BIACTb»... 
Pa6ovemy colwsHoMy OaHky JerKko OyleTS paspBMHTh BOMpOCD 0 6e3- 
pa6oTHExt, — pantasupyerh Kysb. «CymiectBosauie Oespa6orHEx? 
SBEACTCA BCIMIAHIHME NPOKMATIeMb, TATOTBOMUMB Hab KasxINMb 
KVIbTYPHLMDS OOmecTBOMb. BespadoTane sacTaBaAsOTh HMBIOMAXL 
pabory YYBCTBOBaTB ceOa O4eHb HeIOBKO. APMilO AWeH, He HaxojsA- 
IHX CUpOca Ha CHAY CBOHXD PyKb, UPHXOJHTCA BCe paBHO Momep- 
HMBATb TAK HAH HHAde: Bb paboOwHXb OMAX'b, TIOPbMaxs, OoIbHH- 
Waxhb, yObRMAMAXD A18 AymMeBHo 6oMbHLIXb. Ha coxepRanie AXb TaML 
OOMecTBO pacxozyerh ropasqo Ooxpme, TBMS ecrH6hl KAKAOMY BEIIa- 
Bazacb Hencia»y. Ho 6aHkb OTHHAL He salimeTca udaHTpouied. Out 
galimeTca TOAbKO Opranusanie pa6oTb Bb rHranTCKUxh pasmbpax'’s. 
BaHEb YcTpOHTS seMiembusyeckia KOOHId, rxb BCakifi xerawumiti 
HajeTs pasoTy 3a cipaBezauByy wobay. Tenerp Auriaia oaaTuTs 
120 mMHIJiOHOBb 82 IpHBOSHMBIG DporyeTH. pu xopomek opranu- 


*) Auraificrie 6ankH OOHKHOBCHHO DAaTaTb 00 BKAANAMd 2!/s—2°/,%/o. 


16 MIORE ov, 


Ballin BeMJEMBALGECKIA KOAOHIH MOFYTh CaMH AOCTABIATD SHATHTCAb— 
HY) YacTh HEOOXOAMMEIX® IpOLyKTOBD. HO BB ABTIIN TeNepb CAMDIKOMS 
MHoro paOotHnkops. He Bch 8b HAXb MOFyTS Ralitn pa6oty Ha. 
KOOMepaTHBHHIXE (epMAXb H Bb MACTEPCRAXS, YCTPOCHHHXE 6aHKOM?. 
’ OcraheTca ustnmekb. Uto me whiarb cb HuMB? Kykb w 9TO O6xY- 
Malb. OH UPOCKRTHPYeTs OMATPANIN, HO HA AOBHXS Hayalaxb. Banrs 
JOIKCHD YCTPOHTh HACAAbHYW KOOMepaTABHY KOMOHIW, ABITO BB porB. 
oyeHoBcKOoH Hosoi Tapmonin. Astoph mpoerta BHOparb zame mbcTO- 
fis KOIOHIH: ocTpoBpt Bankyseps. «Onb BxoxuTs Bh cocTaBh Kanag- 
ckoH defepania — mupononmaeth Kykb;—kanmMaTbh TamMb markift w 
ayame, 4bMb Bb Anrain. A opeqaaraw Oaney noczaTh Tyla HBCKOAKO 
MiOHePOBb, YOOAHOMOGHBS HXb NpioOpbcru YpoMalHbA MpocrpancTBa 
2eMIH. Oba TAM Tak Jelena, YTO 10 JOAapy 32 akpb MORAO KYTHTS 
ayamia mBcTa. OctpoBb uMbeTb oOkoIN 1200 anraifickuxt MuIb BD. 
qiuny. Jbca TaMb BeIMKOINAL, KAMeHb JAA NOCTPOCES Bb BB06HNIT.. 
Hbapa Oorarht Kerbsomb H KaMeHHHMS yraemh. Bb Bosaxb x0coceft 
w omapoBD 6ornme, rhbmb ceabgeft y Gepeross Anrain. Bs o6mems 
OCTPOBh OYeHb BAOpoBs. Ha Bankysepb pabowit cowsnut OanKs. 
YCTPOHTb KOOMePATHBHYH KO.1OHIN, Kya SynyTS Mepecesatsca BCH, 
He Hamenmie ce6b pa6orn BE Anraiv... OcTpopb Bcero Ha pascTosHin 
yeTHIpHammaTH AHeH NyTH oTb MeTponogin... Kamut pa6ovift Bb KO-- 
onepaTHBHOK KOAOHIM OyxeTH NOTyYaTh CBOW HeENBALAYO WAaTY OTS 
6anka. Kt sapa6oTky 6yxeTh MNPHIHCIATECH TakRe THBATeHAS... Bs. 
EKOOMepaTHBHOH KOOHIM padogie BOCMOALBYWTCA BCRMM HOBLIMA MaAllH- 
HaMH, KOTOPHA MpPHHeCYTS NOIbSY WpOMSBOAHTeIAMS, & HE KaHTa-- 
xuctamMb. Ha Bankyseps BH, 6puTanceie pa6ouie,—ropopuT> Kysp— 
6yzeTe HM'BTL YXOBOALCTBie paboTaTh Bh COOCTBEHHHIXS MACTEPCEAXS. 
H H& COOCTBCHHHXE epmMaxh, B3luTb 10 cOOCcTBeHHHMS KeAb3HHMS. 
10pOraMhb, H&A CBOHXb TPaMBasXb, MILT HA CBOMXD KOPaOAAx H- 
mpoy... Pa6oTHakH, BayMafirech XOpomeHbKO Rb PakTH, CcBAybTeIb- 
cTByIOMie 0 BaleMb sSakpbuomenis. Ecia BH Tefepb He OcBOOOIH-. 
Tech, TO yake HaBcerqa OcTaHeTech Bb NOLIMHEHHOM’S WoroRenin. He- 
clymafite moje, Upellarawmluxh BaMb OylTo OW 4ysONbACTReHHEA 
abrapcrBa. Co6upafire MuTHHrH H 8asBAAiTe, ITO BaMb HeEOOXOLHNS 
pasouit comsanit OanKkD... OTOTS OaHKb MOMETE CTATh Tak Re rpo- 
MayHoH crpaxonof KomManiefl. Croabko THCAYS paOoTHHKOBS, Mta-- 
THBDIBXS BCH KUB8Hb NO CTPAXOBHIM' NOINCAM, YTPaTHIA MpaBo wa 
HUXb BCIbACTBIe TOTO, YTO BO BpemMaA HespaboTunH He MOTIH AbAATS 
BSHOCOB. Ecaw CTpaxXOBHIMh aFeHTOMD OyzeTh OaHKb, TO Takin ABAe- 
His, KARb YTpaTa WpaBa Ha NOIACh, HCIesHeTH». 

O6paruMca, OMHakO, Tellepb Eb Men'be PaHTACTHECKAMD NlahaM's. 
6opbOn cb Sespaborunei. 


HSB ABIX. 17 


lV. 


«Bcb naariaTHBh HeKeAATCABANH, KOTWA AX NpeAAaraWTh BMBCTO Thii- 
CTBHTCAbHHIX'D ABRAPCTRS, —TOBOPUTErpa@unA Y OppHkb,—HO H8b BCHXB 
1ataTHBOBS HanGorbe BPeAHHMH ABIAWTCA BCS DPOPMH YacTHOH 6Oxaro- 
TBOPHTCIbHOCTH. PUAAHTPOMH AOAKHW YACHHTA ce6B OLAHD PakTs: 
CUHTANTS AH OHH YeAOBBEAa, HE HMBHUATO paooTN, ABHTACMD HAH 
Hbrb. EcdH OHH AYMANTS, ITO Ma, TO DOcrBAOBATeAbHOCTD Tpebyers, 
"TOOH OHH CTOAIH 8& MPHHYABTeABHHA MBpH. Ba Takomb cayuab 
cxbx0Ba10 Obl IPHHYRIaTh Kb TPY]Y ABHTACBD, Kb KAKOMY OW EIACcy 
OHH HH IpHHasszemara. Ecan xe Oespadoraii He rbaTai, TO saubus 
HO YHBKATL eFo Nosavel MuHAOCTHHA? HakoBO AOAKHO OHTA 4YBCTBO 
yepHopadoyarv, KOTOpHH, npopaboTaBb BCH AH3Hb 83 HHIMeHCKYD 
WAaty, C1Ba JOCTATOUHYW, YTOOH He YMePeTh CB FOAOA,—Bb COPOKS 
1aTh XBTL BHHYKICHS WPHHATh MHAOCTHHW OT OoraTHxs?» 

IlomMorarh 6espa6o0THHMb HY#HO HHaye. Bo MHOTHXS MBCTaX'S 
ABIZiH MYHHOUDAIHTeTH MIPeAIPHHAIH PAIS OOMecTBEHHHXE padors. 
Boctownnii Gepers ATI, HANp., CHCTEMATHYCCKH NOAMHIBAeTCH MOPED. 
Boruw ChpepHaro MOpa TyAAWTS Teleph Tams, rxb 100—150 srhrs 
TOMy Hasals 6naH jepeBHH. Ilocrb kaxgo# Ooxpmol G6ypa act. 
Gepera O1H8b MHOFHXb YTOPOJOBb HA BOCTOKRB CiOAsAeTh Bb MODE. 
Vis BOTh Hawatacb yuopHas, ycubmaag 6opb6a weAOBbKa cb OkeaHOM'S. 
YWexoBbEb 8acTaBHIb TO Ke MOPe, KOTOPOe paspymaeTs Gepers, pabo- 
TaTb H&a CKOBHIBaHie BOIH'S. Bcwxy wa BOCTOUHOMD Sepery DepmeHsL- 
KYSSPHO KB BOAS NOcTaBIeHH OCOOHe Napalzeibable sadopH. Bo spema 
IPHAHBOBS MOP HarOHseTh YpoMasHoe KoauyecTBO rpaBia. Ecan 
HBTb 8a00POBb, BOA YHOCHTS BO BpeMA OTAIHBOBT FpasBill Basar. 
Ho we10OBBEb 8acTaBHIb MOPe OCTABIATb TO, ITO ONO UPHHOCHTS. 
Sadoph sazepKaBawTh rpasili. Takum, OOpasomb, kamxgHH MIpHIBBE, 
Kamada Oypa kKlaleTb, Takb CKasaTb, HOBHI kaMeHb Bb Uperpars 
OTb BoaHb. Mope, HaroHss rpasill, camo DOJHHMacTb Oepers 4, TARHME 
o6pasomb, cb Teyeniemb BpeMeHH, JONKHO OTCTYNATb. OO6pasyerca 
BHICOKAA JHA, KOTOPYH WIOBSED OOcaRMBAeCTL OCOOLIMH KYCTApHH- 
KaMH, CKPBOUAAMAMH HOBYO DOUBY CBOHMH KOpAHaMH. Tam'b, ri'b 
TOMOKO AIO OCOOeHHO CHIDHO [PO3ATb BOIHH,—BOSBOAUTCA NAKIO- 
WH4eCKad KaMeHHad OOmuBEa. Beh ycTbaxb Tem3n, sarbmb y Jloy- 
crodra, rmb Chsephoe mope pease mpon3sBo_HI0 ocoOeHHO paspy- 
IIHTeIBHYWO padoTy,—BH yObmsaeTech, ITO YeLOBhRE WbacTBUTeIBHO 
ropa Jpomere#, a He xaisif, Hommi HeBpacTeHHKb; 9TOTS 
THTAHb, Uo0dunHAMif cBoel sorb HauOorbe HeyRPOTHMYH CTH- 
Xil0, HHCKOIBKO He NOXOHb Ha TOTO KappukatypHaro IIpiana, Koro- 
paro HaMb Telepb MpenosHOcATS, Kak uNearD... Tams, TB ye.0- 

Anpapp. Orabar Il. 2 


18 NIOHEO.. 


BBES 3aX0TbIb, OHS 3aCTABHAb OTcTyNuTh CbsepHoe Mope, nomaayi, 
Soabe GypHoe H 310e, IBMb 3HaMeHATHH Baceaticnifi sais. 

Bo MHOrHxt MBcTaxb Ha BOCTOUHOMD Oepery ANTI MYHHUIA- 
AHTCTH H rpadckie coBbTH OpraHAso0BaiH OOMeCTBCHHELA padoTH Cb 
bib oTBoeBania 3eman. Ha 3anaqHoms Oepery Anrain, rb, Ha- 
o6opoTb, MOPe OTCTYDaeTb, OCTAaBIAA MeckH H OON0TA, HAeTS Upo- 
Wecch mpespamekis uXb Bb YAOOHHIA seMIH. BS ewaTA pas_awrTca 
rol0ca, 4TO H TYTb MOTYTS OITA NPeCAUPHHATH OOMeCTBEHHEIA pa- 
OoTH Cb WhrbO NoMOUb OespadoTHHMd. Ilo mMHbHiW TpadunH Yop- 
PHES, OOMIECTBEHHHIA paboTH, KAD ykpbuxAewie 6eperoBs, pasBerenie 
HOBHIXD MapkOBb, OCymenie GO10Th M Np. MOTYTS NOMOW Gespasor- 
HHMb, CCH OHH OYXYTH NOAyYATS CUpPAaBeLAIBBYW, HOPMAAbHYW NAaTY. 
Ho ce sTO—TOIbKO BpeMeHHEA MBPH, TOrAa KAKb IIa OopbOwW cb 
Oespaborane tpe6yerca HbaTO NocTOaBHOe. «Honewdo, kalnTalWCcT 


He KelaeTh HAYETO Apyroro, EPOMB BPeMCHHHXE MBP, TARB Kak 


XOUVeETS BMBTE BCeMa Rh w3I06nAIH emeBHH Tpyxzb. Ho, Boobme ro- 
BOP, ITO XOPpOMO AAA KaNnuTAaNNCcTa HIH TO, 10 ero MA'BHIN, X0- 
pomo AXa Hero,—TO BpexHO AIA Halin»,—ropopuTsh rpadana Yop- 
puRB *). Ecan6sl yaatOch OpranH30BaTb apMi0 Bb USTb THCAT 
pa6ouwxh, NOAyWNWMAXS cCipaBelIHBy UAaTy, apMiW, s8aHATYN, 
Halp., APeBoHacaRIeHieMh HAH ykpbuseHiems GeperoBh, TO 8TO NpH- 
Heclo On Hain ropasqo Oombme NOLS, 4YBMB ecIHOH KOpnych 
Bb 50 THCHYS YAOBBRE HAXOMHIb paooTy BPeMA OTB BpPeMeHH. ITO 
6510 OH AyIMe Wiad pahowxXd, AyUUe Aas NPOMEMIeHHUcTA H Ayame 
id Haulin, KOTOpylo o6oranlarb OM pesyAbTAaTb NoAoOHOK paooTH. 

Wcxoz% Xepephu—ne HoBOe absenie. Locabynyaa Hapoynas nepe- 
1HCh JaCTh HAaMb Bb STOMb OTHOMeHIN CIBLyOMia DADpH. 

1881 1891 1901 
Bul10 hepMepoBb H CKOTOBOOBD 


BB Coennn. Koponesctss .. . . 683,787 597,878 577,177 
CeIbCKHXb paOoTHRKOBD, ciy2Ka- 

IMHXb Ha hepMaxB...... . 1.192,725 1.072,059 869,728 
CaOBHHKOBb A CMOTpHTenef 3a 

MWGBD . 2... ee te 168,846 199.014 239,689 
Ilactyxosb H DO4UaCcKOBh ... . 86,009 838,706 102,242 








2.362.331 2,249,756 2.109,812 


Ta6aAHna 9Ta OYeHb JMGONHITHA Bb TOM OTHOWMEHIN, 4TO CBAXK- 
TCABCTBYCTH HE TOKO OOb YXOXb HSb NepeBHH CeABCKHXD pPacoTan- 
KORb, HO Tame 0OO0& YBCIHYeHIH YHCIa LapMObOBH, YToRAWMLUXd 
BRYCaME GoraTHxb Ie (cafORHHKOBL Hu cTopome ann). Jepe- 
BeHCKie paOOTHHRH, AOOamie 3eM110, SMHTPUPYHTS Bb Kanagy. OcTarp- 
HH ABIANTCH Bb TOpora, rib YBeEAMIHBAWTb CoOowW IBCAO «casuals», 
T. €. YepHopabownxs, Gepymuxca sa BCAKiH Tpyrb. ITA BBIXOALHI 
A3b JepeBHA (BO KCAHKOMD cayiab, Neppoe noKosbuie) HaXxOJATCA Bb 





*) Unemployement, p. 13 


cy 


A3b AHTIIH. 19 


COCTOARIH, TAKS CkazaTb, XpoHuyeckoil GHespasoTauH. JlepeBeHCEHX?® 
pa6OTHHEOBh TAHETh Bb YTOPONB HE CTOABEO s3apadoTHad azaTa, 
CKOXBKO HesaBHCHMOCcTh, Gorbe pasHooOpasnad RASH A BOSMORHOCTS 
ETB BE Oorbe yXOOHHXS NoMbmeniaxs. Ecaa MH OOpaTHMCaA Eb 
CTaTHCTHES, TO YOBAHMCH, ITO He 3apaboTHAaA M1aTAa YTOHHT CeIb- 
CRAXB PaGOTHHEOBS Bb ropora. sapaboTHad TxzaTa Bb LepeBH yee- 
AHWHBAeTCA Bb NocKbAHIe TOAW, HB, CCIH MH UpPHMeNb BO BHAMAHIe 
XOMICBHSHY, BO BCAKOMD cayyab, He HABE TOTO, ITO TOAyWaeTS 
«casual» BB ropojaxb. Carbaywmaa Ta6anna WokashBaeTh cpelHWw 
sapaosoTHyW katy Bb JepesHaxb Bb Aurain, [lotzaangin, Youscs a 
Hpzaugnig. 


OBbIKHOBEHHHIE CEJIBCKIE i on 
PABOTHHKH. Apyruxt 

CeMbCK. pa- 

Jdapadotnad Goru. (macty- 
1898 r. 1902 r.  maaTa yBe- xXoBt, Ta- 


AWYHNACh. OyHIWEKOBS). 


Bs Anrain 16m.90. 17m. 5 ow. Ha 4% 18 wm. 38 a. 
Yausch . 16» G6» 17 >» 7» »66% 17 » B»> 
Iorxannin 18 » 2> 19 >» 5» > 6,9°/, 19 >» 8» 
Hpmanmim. .... 10 >» 2> 10» 9» > 5. %o 19 »11l > *) 


Cpapnenie staHxb Tudpb cb 6wrKeTOMD «casual», MPHBeLCHAHMS 
BHM, UOKASHBaeTh, ITO Bb MAaTePiaNbHOMB OTHOMEBIA padoTHHKY 
Bb jepesHb MABerca Ayie, hes yepHopaboremy BB roporb. 
Ho 8a TO BD ropogab, pasoTHARS He3aBHCHMS OT «cRBalipa» (nowb- 
IMGka) H CBADICHHBES. «XoyRy» Hetero 6oAThCA BD JIONNONS, KARD 
BB Jepesab, ITO CkBapPh BHITOHATh efO 43% KOTTeNHA BCTbACTBIE 
NOHOCa CBANCHHHES. 

Tenleph pekomenazyetca 1a OopbOn ch GespaboTunett ocTaHoBATD 
KAKB-HHOYIb MPHTOKS Zepepenckaro RacezeHif Bb Topoza. CyhaaTs 
STO MOKHAO TOIBKO OJHAMD CiOcObOMS: FepeBHA NOIRAA Mpe]cTaBAATS 
HAA 6«XORMa» OObMe Npesectu, wMb ropora. Boxsmaa nareria 
ROSIaraeTcs Telleph Ha HOB semerbHHH 3akonR (Small Holdings 
Act), KOTOPHM' rpadcKHMb H TOpomcRuMh coBbramh npeqoctanreHo 
TpaBO MPHHYAMTCAbHO OTUYR1aTh BeMAO y NOMBMHKOBE H passaRaTh 
ee MeEIKHMH YUaCcTRaMH oelalmaAms. Ilpeqoraraercs, 4To 3emaa 
RACTh «XOIKY> TY HeSAaBNCHMOCTh, Bh NOHCEAXS 3a KOTOpOt oD 
oTHpabigetca Tefepb Bb hanary nau BB ropona. PexomensyeTca TaRRe 
HOBLIH 3akoHb OOb YAIYWMERIK KHANOD Hapoga. Kean saxon atoro 
pola mpokierh, TO Bb JepeBHB AMAIAOPAL BHIAYRIeCHH Gy1yTS Nepe- 
CTpanBatTh BCB ROTTeCAMH Lia pabowxs. ITO, MexIY NPOIHMS, AacTsS 
AapaOoToRb He O_HoH coTHh Sespabotauxt. «EKcan rpadcrie conbru 
NpHHYRAeHH OYAYTh AOCTABAATh COABCRUMD pacoTHHKaWh MpH.AA4- 
HHA AAWMA,—ToBOpAT rpahaaa Yoppnkt,—to 9To Re TOKO 
CosxacTb 6orbmMof cnpocb Ha pabovia pykn, HO Take ycTpanATs 








SN 


*) Cu. Hazell’s Annual, 1908, p. 5. 
Or 


20 RIVHEV. 


OJHY H8b FaBHEIXb IPHIHH, TOHADLAXS JepeBeHckoe HacezeHie Bb 
ropofa>. Axnrsificuia qepesuu sce Ooxrbe u Oorbe mpuO6aukawrca Kb 
PacTYMMMB TapOsaMh; TAakHM’S OOpasoM, BCe TO, YTO TAHHETL TYJa 
MOJONeKb: TearTpH, OubsioTeku, konepesnia4,— cTaHOBHTca Telepb 
JOCTYNHHMS H Bb JepesuB. Jaa Oopb6w ch Oespaborane# rpadans 
YoOppHEb pekOMeHAyeTh Takme coKpamevie pasoquxb WacoBb Asa 
CAYRAMUXh HA TPAaMBadXb, OMHHOyCaxb H mMeABSALXD JOpPOraxs. 
Tenepb ABTA AOMRHE OpOOHTh BB BapostHOh mkorb Jo 13 xbrs; 
paHbme sTOrO BOspacTa OHH He MOFyTb ONT DPHHATH Ha Crya6y. 
Jaa 6opp6nt cb OespaboruneH pekoMeHAyeTca OOAHATS NpesbabHnii 
Bo3spacTb JO 15 nau xoTa On JO 14 xbrs. Takaga mbpa noBexers Be 
TOIBKO Kb YAYIMEHIO SIOPOBbS pack], HO LacTb BOSMORHOCTS OombiMeMy 
4YHCIY WOspocTKORD HalirH padoty. Teuepb Ha pa6oqem® pHHES KOH- 
KYPpeHTAaMH ABIAIOTCA CTApHKH, cOriamawmieca padoraTh 3a Kaky~ 
yroqHo usaty. Iipu cymecrBopaniv rocyzapcTBesvaro Neaciona Asx 
Ipectapbibixb paOoTHHKOBb, BCB 8TH KOBKYPeHTH yAadwAuch On Ha 
ToKo#. 


V. 


Han6orbe pbcxifi apryMeHTb aHrInwadb—cchHika Ha HpeleseHTs. 
CTOPOHHHUEKH pafHEaIbHHXxb MBpb BB ‘bib OoppOn ch 6espaborunes 
HaXxOMATh <«UpeveseHTh», 8aciayXABaWMit WOolpawanid, Bb 8akOHB KO- 
poteshl Kan3aBeTH, H8JaHHOME BB 1601 r. 4 He OTMBHEHHOMS ene 
JO HacTOAllaro BpemeHH. Bb cuIY 8aK0Ha, «NOPKOBHBIe CTapocTH *) 
Kaxlaro upHxola coOupawtTca BMbcTB cb 4, 3 HAH 2 JOMOHAHH- 
MATCISMH H, DON UpexChsaTeabcrBOME MHPOBarO CyAbA, OOpasyHTh 
KOMHTeTh UpuspbHia ObIAWxb (Overseers of the Poor). OTH komu- 
TeTHE YCTpagBawTb padoTH Aid Abreft ThXt OBABHXb MMpHuxomaH, 
KOTOpHe HE MOFYTb CaM NOAepxaBaTS CBoHn cemelicTBa. TouHO Tagme 
KOMHTCTH HaXONATh padoTH iad BCBXD JHUb, UMHHOKRUXS HAH CemeH- 
HHXb, KOTOPHA He MOFYTS NOAepmuBats ce6a. Ipexoctapasetca Ko-~- 
MBTeCTAaMb 9THMb TOAHOMOYIe CO6UpAaTbBR—DyTem’ OOAOMEHIA BCBXS IPH- 
XOHAHL—INeCHbEY, JEHS, WlepCTb, HHTKH, He1b30 w Apyrie chIphie Ma- 
TepialH, JaOH Jarb HXb OBIHHMD Ja OOpabotea. Kpoms Toro, romMu- 
TETH MOFYTb COOHPaTb TaKHM>b He VYTeEMb ACHBTH ‘ANA OpHsp basis. 
KalbKb, CladOyMHEIXt, CTaPHKOBb HM BCBXb, HE CNOCOOGHHIXB Rb pa- 
6oTb» **), Bh 1694 r. aBHIOCh yONOAHeHIe Kb BaKOHY HKansaBerH. 
Iipuxoay UpegxocTaBis10cb UpaBoO HaHuMaTb Ha OOMeCTBCHALIA JeHLTH 
YuacTOKh SeMAH, He MpeBocxoszsmi 20 akpoBh, H BOSI'bANBaTS, HO 
Ch NOMOMbI OespaboTHLIXh, KOTOPHM'S OpeAmUchIBaeTCa WaBaTb «Ha- 
CTOAMY!O WlaTy». 





*) Crporo BHOopHad JOUKHOCTL BO BpeMeHa EnHsaperH. 
**) [[HTHpOBAaHO Bb KHHXKB Kefiph T'apau: John Bull and his Unemplo- 
yed*, London, 1905. 


A3'b AHISIH. 21 


Ccnliasch H& 3TH HeOTMbHeCHHHe S8aKOHN, pabovie JenyTaTH Bb 
1905 r. pekomeHIOBa2H Bb NapsaMeHTS pAlb MBPb, KOTOPHA MORHO 
UPHHATh HeEMCAICHHO Jig OopbOn cb 6espa6oruned: 

Bsexenie mbcrHaro Halora Cb WBABIO COCTABACHiA KalATata TAs 
OTEPHITIA MACTEPCKAXS, Bb KOTOPHXD GespadoTHHe MOraH On HafiTH 
SQHATIC H NOAYIATh pasymHoe BOsHarpamgenie. PaboTHuRA H paboT- 
HHI Bh NOXOOHHXb MACTEPCRHXL COXpaHAWTS BCS pasa B3bICKH- 
BaTh CYJOMb HefONAaeHHoe BOsHarpamseHie. 

I[pio6pbrenie 3emau (n0 Kpafineit wbpb, UAaTEIeCATA AEPOBS BD 
KaKAOMDE IPHXONS), KOTOPAA NOSIKHA ClABATbCA MCAKHMH YUACTEAMH 
Bb pasMBpb orn ‘/,—1 axpa. (37To Tpe6oBanie Tenepb B8AHDIHe. 
«Small Holdings Act», 1907 r., T. ©. 88K0Hb 0 MCAKHXb S@MCABHHXS 
YUaCTKAX® OCYUICCTBHh PCKOMOHAYOMY!O MBpY Bb ropasyx0 Oorbe mu- 
POKHXE pasmbpaxt). 

Hispacxogopanie onpemhienHo cyMMH Ha oMBTpanin. 

Bsexenie MkOILHHXS KYXMHCTeEPCKHXS Cb GesllaTHHMH 3aBTpa- 
KaMH faa rhre OespaOoTHHX®. 

Ota mbpa Toxe yRC IPAHATA WapAaMeHTOME BB 1907 r. J60- 
WHTHHe akTH O WBATEXbHOCTH TAKAXD KYXMACTEPCKAXD H O NOAy- 
4OHHHXD PesyAbTATAXb MBI HAXOHMD BB OTIeETB HpaqMopAckaro MKOAb- 
Haro KOMHTeTAa, cocTaBieHHOMS dr. Crowley a macch Cuff. Komuters. 
HashayenHH roposoMb, pacxoJ0Bayb Ha WpoOKopMienie Kamgaro Boc- 
NHTAaHHHERA Kapono mkoInN OTh 1—1*/, nen. BB AeHb (4—7 KON.). 
3a OTH AembTn ATH ToAyIaiH OTB 2—3 GaAs (Hanp., 1) ropoxoBHii 
cys H <roly-poly», T. e. 106aMEf Ny .IuArS anraifickuxh AbTell, co- 
cTOSsmift “8% MYKH, Rupa A BapeHbA Bd u306nAin; 2) SoOoBHH cyt 
Cb KACWKAMH H IYMIHATh; 3) cocuckH, BapeHbie O0On H pucoBH i 
AHYAAHHTS Cb H38NMOMB; 4) NHPOrh Cb MACOMS, MOJOFHIA NYIIAETS H 
KOMNOTS HT. A.). PesyastaTb noayiaica 3aM bron H HeMe,IeHRHE. 
ABTH, 10 CAOBAM OTGeTA, «CTAaIH TOACTSTS ¥ MoBecerban». [pa B3pb- 
MIHBaHiH OKasat0Ch, ITO MIKOABHHEN YBeAHYHAWCh BB BBB: 


Bs nepsym HeubawW Ha... .. . 1@g.4 yuma. 
>» BTOpyD » yo we eee 0 » 
>» TpeTEw > Pe. ees . Bl/,» 
> YeTBEPTYN > moe eee Aly, > 
3a mMbcanb HA... 1 14 yana. 


TO GHAO Hepexb NepepHBOM BL MkKOIaXb, Bb Havath UbTa wa 
ash nexban (Bo Bpema Whitstntide). Korga BT OUATH ABHIHCh Bb 
MEOIN, TO OKa3aI0Cb, 4TO OHH 8a 14 JHeH NoOTepH1H Bb BBC 0 
@yutTy. Tepest anh nemban notrepa ota 61a onaTs Hapepctana. [Ipa- 
BONCHHHA THPPH WOKAsHBawTb cpequift MpupocTs BB Bbcb, HBEOTO- 
pasa xbru 3a wbcanb UpHOaBnaAuce BD BSCS Ha 3 .5 yanoss. Keraru, 
Z IMPHBEAY elle HWKCKOALRO CIOBS H3b 9TOFL OTUETA. «CTOIOBHIA Bb Ha- 
POXHHXS MIKOAQXb JOIKHN HMBTL BOCIHTaTeAbHOe 3HAdeHie,—TOBO- 
pars miss Cuff.—Onb jormHH OWTS BXCatbHO WHcTH. Croan, M0- 
KPHITHe CKATCPTAMH H YEPAWeHHHe UBbBTaMH, pascTaBleHbl y Hach 





22 RILOHEO. 


TaKb, UTO 3& KAKIHMb H3b HAXS MOLYTS CHIBTD. He OOIbMe DATM- 
RecaTH yeroubkeb. Kaan croab umberb cBoero «monitor» (crapmik 
MAaIBYHKb, BhIOMPacMEI BL KamjOf anrsificso# mkoab uo corzame- 
Hi) MCKAY AMpPeKTOPOMD u yIeHuHKamu). bra JOAKAW ABAATHCA Bb 
CTOJOBYIO Cb BHMBITHMH PYKAMH H AMUaNMU. Ii pHOIHSHTeABHO Ha Ka- 
Hy rpyouy Bb 50 azbref mpxxogurca okox0 10 cra6Hxd HAI OYeHb 
SaCTBHYUBAXd. YUMTeIbBHYOS UpHxosuTca OOpamats cileqiadbHoe BHH- 
MaHie Ha TO, 4TOOH OTH ABTH BAW AOCTATOMHO». 

sheprbamu OespaOoTunhl, Wpeaxe BCcero, craHoBsTca bru. /l-pp 
MokeH8H YCTAaHOBHID CBOeErO POJa 3aKOH'b, ITO WSTH, POABTeAH KOTO- 
PHXb saHiM@aWTb KBapTHPH Bb ABB KOMHATH, BLE PoOCcTOMb, TbMb 
wbru, BLIpocHie BL kKBapTHpB Bb OJHY KOMHATY, ABTA, POAUTeAL 
KOTOPHIXh AHBYTH Bb THeXdb KOMHATAXD, OOAbINC CBOUXD POBECHHKOBS, 
BLIPOCIUHX) Bb KBapTHPAaX’ O ABYX' KOMHATAXD HT. A. J-pb Han- 
MeHTD [KCL HA OCHOBAHIH H3CcIbAOBaHia 7,800 MAIbUHKOBD UpHMeAb 
Kb SaK.U0UeHIW, YTO ABTH COCTOSTCILHHXD KAACCOBh BIUME POCTOMd 
H Oolbwe BhcaTh, UBMD Abra padowxn. Vecabsopareab cocraBulb 
NOApPOOHHH OTGeTb, UpeACTaBAeCHBHH aM’ CueMiaibHo KOMMHCCiH, CO- 
Oupapmieh MakTH OTHOCHTeIbHO DOlOmeHIA TPyANMMXca MACCbh Bb 
Ioraangzin. BoTb wBKOTOPHA WAP, B3ATHA U8b OTaeTa J-pa Kau- 
meuta Jliokca H MOkaSHBalUlia, kKakb OTpamaeTca Ha Whraxb Oaaro- 
cocTOAHie UXb posuTeseH. 


Toxsunoe Cpequnifpébca LToanasoe 


Cpeanif yRelu ienie (cb yBeaHienie 

poct Bb pocrb. wUlaTbemMh). Bb BBC. 

e Fog UK C re oe 

Be Ss GS SR OS BR Oa Ae 

= = =o a = Ss =a & 

Bb RWOAMAXSE. BR OYHTAX ». 

JIbTH COCTOATEIBEHIXS , 

KNAaCCOBb. . .... 2 54,91 56,97 1,51 2,06 72,90 80,30 5,50 7,39 
Whrao padowwxp. ... . 61,52 52,99 1,00 1,47 69,46 73,68 3,16 4,22 
Pasonua .... 3,39 3,98 0,61 059 344 662 2,36 3,17 


KeraTH, 8aK0H O WKOAbHHIXb KYXMMCTCPCKUXS MakyAbTATHBAHIH. 
MyHHUelaluTeTaMb OpelOcTaBaseTcaA UpaBo, eCiH OHH NOmeLaWTS, 
BBCCTH DOBHH HaXOrb BB pasmbpb */, neica Ha DyHTS KBapTHpHOH 
naatH (0,4°/,) ch TBMb, ITOOH KOpMHTb _breit Bb HAapOAHHXb DIEO- 
aaxb (Board Schools). H ragb kagb Ha NOCABJHHXYh MYHADANAIb- 
HEIXD BEOupaxd Bb MeTPONOAIn NOONAN YMBpeHAble (KOHCepBaTOpH),— 
TO COBBTS JOHAOHCKArO FrpadcTBa He BOCHOIb30BaICA (akyYALTaTHB- 
HLIM® Opasoms. Be pesyabTarsb oTb 60.000—120.000 xbreii apsawrca 
CKETHEBHO TOAOJHHMU Bb JOHAOHCKia MKOAN *). Ecan sto lpoHcxo- 
AuTh BD JIOHROBS BCAbACTBIe HexeraHia O610RATH CeOR HHYTORALIMS 
Hal0roMb BB 0,4°/,, TO MORHO ceO6b upescraBHTb, ITO UpoKs0szeTD 


*) Reformer’s Year-book, 1908, p. 96. 





u8b AHTSIH. . 23 


rxb-Hu6yAb BL raywa Hypcso# ry6epHiv, sorga 3aKORb 0 MeAKOH 
SeMCKuA e]HHHDOS, HeH3MBpHMO cH1bHbe sBaTparHBabnMift BHTEpech 
CHALHAIO MCHbIIHHCTBa,—OyAeTh TORE TOABKO PAakyAbTATABAHIE... 
Utaxb, MH Babin Obink pay Mbpb, UpestaraemHxd Bb ABTA 
aia OophOn cb 6espa6orane#. Bb sroms roxy xbicrBaTexbHOcTb, 10- 
BHIBMOMY, OCO6CHHO CHIbHO BHBHHETL BOMpOch 0 GOespaGoTHHX®. 
Abx10 Bb TOM, 4TO Bb DOcrbARie TOW pasBurie aHTailickot mpo- 
MHIDICHHOCTH H TOPFUBIH WIO CTPeMHTeIbHO Beper’b. Ecau HBEO- 
TOPHH ylasjoRb Habtoxaetca BD Mipb, o6paOaTHiBalwmemb He-BO- 
JQKHHCTHIA BeIeCTBa, TO 38 TO DPOMHIDIJeHHOCTh Bh pakonb, cro- 
axuneH KOTOparo aBiseTcd Manyuecteph, sarbmb KkopaberpHoe FIO H 
(BA8aHHad Cb HHM TOPrOBId JOCTHTAM HeOOHKHOBeHHATO pacuBbra. 
Hlocxbjgiff oraerh MaHnaCcTrepcTBa ToproBid (The Board of Trade 
returns for December) rospopuTb, 4TO BB 1907 Yr. BEIBeSeHO H3b 
ABTJid H BBezeHO PadpHkaToORS Ha 1.164.000.0000, Torza Kak BS 
1906 r.—na 1.069.000.0000. [pyrumu cxopamH, 3a roi Habsmp_aerca 
Upapocrs Ha 95 MHATOHOBD @. cr. O nocrynaTeaAbHoM’b TeMI'B aHTaif- 
CKOH TOPIOBIH CBHABTeIBCTBYHTS CABAYWMIA OUP, BSATHA A3b 


Toro He OTUeTA. 
Bputauckaa Tropropua cb 1899 r. (Bb mua- 

NiOHAXE YHT. cTep.). 
BuipesexH o6pa- 
Gor. PaOpHRarTH, 


Bseseno. Bupeseno. BBeSeHHEe, KARE 

Chipbe 
1899. . . 485 265 65 
1900. . . 523 291 63 
1901. . . 522 280 68 
1902. . . 629 283 66 
19038. . . 543 291 70 
1904. . . 581 301 71 
1905. . . 566 330 78 
1906. . . 608 376 85 
1907. . . 646 . 426 92 


Cp 1900 Fr. BBOsH yBeaHaHicA Ha 123 MHI. ®. CT., BHIBOSE Ha 
155 MHI. ~. CT., &@ BHBOSb Bb O6pab6oTaHHOMS Bab MaTepiax0BE, 
BBOSCHHHIXb, KaKb Chipbe (re-export, 00 aurszificko TepMHHOXOrig) Ha 
29 muai. p. cr. Taxo# me uporpecch MH HaGdOqaeMh BL AOxXoMaXs 
MOXBSHHXE AOPO (MATHAecATH YeTHpexb ausili), 0 yeMb cBuTb- 
TeEABCTBYNWTS CUbAywWUia DHPpH. 


NMoayweno xerbsHWMH AOporaMma: 


1899... 2... 94,5 muda. d. cr. 
1900... 2.2... 97,5 >» » » 
01. ....2020. 98,2 >» » » 
1902. .....2..., 1010 » » » 
19038. 2... 2 1018 » » » 
1904. .....02.. 103,6 » > »> 
190%. ....... 108,1 >» » » 
19066. .....2.2, 106.4 >» » » 
907. 2 ew, 1103 » » » 


GY NiodeE oO. 


AH@IH3b TAOIHIb, UOKASHBAaNULEX 9ECHOPTS H AMIOpPTS, O6Ha- 
PYHHBAETS, YTO BL WekabpsB npomsaro 1907 r. Oputanckasa ToproBlsa 
cTaia koxeOaTEca. KyabMHHAaDiOHHad TOWRA AOCTATAyTa OZa, NOBE- 
uMomMy, BB okTSOpb 1907 r. Sarbmb craxu Bce canbe pasia- 
BaTbCA Warn HalBaTaWwlarocd MUPOMHMAeHHAarO KpHsHca. J'bia BS 
pation, oOpabaTNHBaWOleMh BOAOKHHCTHA BeMeCTBAa, Bb OOMeMS elle 
xopomn, xora PadpaEx, oOpadariBanmia WMepcth, YBCTBYHTh yxRe 
ipHOaamenie KpusHca. Caabnbe BCero MOMaTHyYAHCh Bb KOBIB rosa 
rbia BB Mipb, oOOpadaTHBaiomemMb He-BOXOKHACTHA BemecTBa. Cxb- 
AYDIiA NuPpPH DokaskBaWTb yBeamyeHie HAH YyMeHbUNeHie AbYb BS 
PasKHIHHXS OTPACIAXb UPOMBIMAeHHOCTH 3a ReKaOph 1907 r. 


BuIBO3’b CTalH H meMbsA. . wk le —249,000 . cr. 
JipyrHx® MeTANIOBb. . .- 2.2. ee we ee —159,000 » >» 
HomeBaro TOBapa ...... Se ee -+ 842 > » 
QNCKTPHICCKBXS UpHOopOBB .....-.... — 18,000 > » 
MammHHb ......... 2.2 eee eee +419,000 » » 
Murkang . . 1 1 ww ee te +452,000 » » 
IlepcTsuHwxb TOBApOBb. . ....-..-... —119,000 >» >» 
Jipyruxt TOKCTHIbHEIXD haGpakaTOBb. ... . —186,000 » » 
XHMHYCCKHXD UpemapatoBb. ... . ~ «s+ -— 31,000 >» » 
KomH . 2 1 ww et ee he ee — 34,000 >» » 
Daasnuca H happopa ..........2+.. + 18,000 » >» 
Bymara ....... we ee es + 23,000 » » 


«Mul, &b COmarbHIIO, He MOHCMb BHIBTS Bb POSOBOMb CBSTS 
6auxalimee Oyzymee OpuTancko# UpoMHMAeHHOCTS,—TroBopHxTsS «Daily 
News» 00 N0BOxJy OTYeTa MHHHCTepcTBa TOproBin. I] poMEMAeHHOCTE 
BCEra PasBUBaAdAch NAKAAMH. 3a LepiosoMs HeOOHKHOBEHHATO NOTBeMAa 
cxrbayeTb Bcerya OPOMHINIeHHHH KPHSHCB CO BCBMH NOcrbACTBIAMA 
ero. Orgerh 8a jekabpb OKaSHBaeTh, ITO Depiows CHTHXD ABTS 
ronyaetca... [Jokyqa MB eMe He ACIONTHBaeMS HHYerO MO;OOHAaro 
TOMY ITOpMy, KOTOpHi cBApbuocTsyerb Telepp Bb AMepHES. BB 
oxTsOpb 1907 1., Hanp., OMeCHHHA Tew Bb CoeqHHeBHHX?s IlIta- 
TAaXb BHTAaBIAAA 28 MHI. TOHHD 4YTYHAa, &2 BS HacTOsMmill MOMCHTS 
TOIBKO 14 muHxxiOHOBD. Takoro pasBHTia KPH8HCb Y Hach, BBPOATHO, 
HG MOCTHTHETL; HO CABAYeT UPHTOTOBUTBCA KO BCeMy» *). 

Hacrynawmilt EpHsHch NOMOAHHTS psa Gespaborunxs. IIpeqBu- 
rbyiems sToro akTa OObscHseTcA, noyeMy BB ceccin 1908 Tr. Je- 
WyTatil-padoyie HaMBpPeHH, MOBHAHMOMY, OTCTaHBaTb, TIaBHHMb 06- 
pasomb, ABB mbpu: TrocyAapcTBeHHYW Mewciio AIX Upectapbawxb 4H 
rocyAapcTBeHHYW NOMOMb OespaboTHHM'.. 


VI. 


IlocMoTpuM® Tellepbh HA SAKOHOMPOCKTH, pascMOTpbHHHe TapsaMeH- 
TOMB BB caMoe Noceblkee BpeMA H UMbIOMIe TBABW ABHTECA HA DO- 


*) «Daily News», January, 6, 190s. 


H8b AHTJ1H. 35 


moms G6espa6oTHHM>s. Bs inxb 1905 r. OnBmee KOHCepBaTHBHOe 
MHBACTEPCTBO IpoBesxo Bb DapzaMcHTb sakoHoupoerTs (Unemployed 
Workmen Act), Bomeguiff Bb cuAy cb OETSOpa Toro xe roqa. Co- 
TIacHO 8aKOHY, Bb MBCTHOCTH, IAB CyMECTBYeTh KPHBHCD, OOpasyeTca 
cletiaibHH KOMHTeTS, Distress Committee, pascmaTpHBanmift xoja- 
TaicTBa paOOTHHKOBb, RHBYMHXb He MeHbe TOMA BL AAHHOMD OKpy- 
rb, H UpitckHBapmift 41a Huxt paGoTy. O6pamanmifica kb KUMH- 
TCTY AOXKOHE HE TOABEO «4eCTHO HelaTh padoTH», HO H «He HMBTB 
64 Bb A@HHH MOMCHTS BCIBACTBIe NPUIHHS, HAXOANAXCA BAB KOH- 
Tpora padoTHuka>. BespadoTunii AOAMeHD OKABAT, ITO «Ipeatye 
OHb HMBIL NpaBHAbHYW paooty, ONAL GepeRABB HW XOPOMO BeIb 
ce6a». O TOMb, KAKB bHcTByeTh Ha UPARTHEB OTOTh 3aK0Hb, MB 
HaXOAHMS JAaHHHA BB OlnCaHin Yocts-Xoma. «Distress Committee, 
T. €. KOMHTETS JAH Upinckania sanaTit OespaboTHHMb, OTBSTCTBeH- 
HHH Nepeq) MHHHCTEPCTBOMS SCMCTBE H MYHHMANAaLuTeTOBE (Local 
Government Board), sosHuxs BB Yocrs-XomB 3 oxTa6pa 1906 r. 
RoMuTeTb COCTOAYD H3b CeMHAAMATH COBSTHHEOBS MBCTHATO MYHHIB- 
naxuteta, 12 Guardians (wzeHH BHOOpHarO coBbTa fia Upaspbuis 
OBAHHXS) H C€MH NOCTOPOHHAXS. SakOH IPeCAUHCHBaeTh, ITOON KO- 
MHTCTE HSCTBAOBAIE KAaxAHH cryyalt oOpamenia 3a padoroi. Cs stot 
IFBAbW KOMHTETS sapyaHAca combitcrsiemt MBCTHarO OxaroTBOpUTeIb- 
Haro OOmlecTBa, KOTOPOe NOCHAAaAO CBOHXS WACHOBS Ala HaBesenia 
CUpaBOKb. ITH areHTH MocbmarH 70OMa BCBXB OespaboTHHXs, oOpa- 
THBINHXCA Kb KOMATCTY, ONpPaMUBaIH XOBHeBh A FbAAIH saMBrEH 0 
XapakTepb MHAbA. GaTbMb afeHTH OOPallalach 38 CHPaBEaMH Kb 
COCBASML H Kb XO8H@BaMb, Y KOTOPHXS paOOTHHEH HAH panbie. 
Hagonems, 8a cBbybaiama o6paniainch kb padoTOAaTelaM, y KOTO- 
PpHXb Oespa6oTHHe panbme caymund. Mnorsa, ecAH KROMHTeCTS He OID 
YAOBICTBOPCHS H STHMA CIpPaBEaMH, — areHTH OOpamlaiHch Kb pas- 
XHUAHME O1arOTBOPATCABHHMD OOMecTBaMb. OTB OETHOpa 1905 r. 
yo waa 1906 r. KOMHTeTS HaBerb NoOOHHA CupaBEH Bb 4785 cay- 
qaaxb» *). Kakb MHOFO X10NOT HYHO, ITOOH NoayyaTe padory! Ba 
cuxy sakoHa 1905 r. xamgnt, xeraiomif opolath, ch WBIbW Ky- 
IHTb X1BOb, CAHHCTBOHHOC CBOC COCTOSHie—CHAY CBOHX'S PYKb,—HeMOL- 
XeHHO GepeTca NOR Mopospbuie, Kakb OOManHMUKS. Komuterh ucxo- 
AHTD HS N0kOKeHIA, YTO padoTOsaTeAb—Oarombresb, MOSTOMY He- 
OOXOAHMO BMBTB «<rxasE Ja riasb», KaKB On «Oarorbaniewb» He 
BOCHOABSOBaacs He BMbOMIif Ha TO DpaBa. Takamb oOparoMb 3a- 
koHE 1905 r. UpaHech Mazo noabsn. Ba Yocrs-Xomb 601bmHH- 
cTBO Gespa6oTHHxt—«casuals», T. e. wepHOpadodie, TOra Kakb 8a- 
KOBE uMbeTb PIaBHHM 06Pa30Mb Bh BAHAY TeXAMGECKH OOYTeCHHEIXS 
pPaOorTHHKOBS. 

HeyyopsersoputerzbaucTs 3aKkoHa 1905 r. sactaBala pabouyw nap- 
Ti BHECTH BS 1907 r. BE TaplaMeHTSb cBOH BAaKOHONPOCKTh, KOTO- 


*) West Ham: A Study in Social and Industrial Problems, p. 369--370. 


26 RIOHE 0. 


pu copepmeHHO cayaafinO He NOMeAB Jaiblle epBaro 4TeHia # 
OykeTh O6cyRMaTECa CHOBa Bb 1908 r. Bb o6maxb yepraxb On2ab 
CBOJATCa Eb cabjyiomemy. Cosqawtca DeHTpaabalie Hu MBCTHHe KO- 
MHTCTH, UBAb KOTOPHXD BbIATh BOUPOcs 0 SespaborHLLxXs. 

OTH KOMUTeETH: 1) OpraHHSyH TD OOMeCTBeEBHHIA paboTH HU DOA- 
ACPHuBAWTS WSACTBHTCILHLIXD PaOOTHHKOBS, HDIYOIUXb paGboty, K0- 
TOPYl0 OHH NoTepaau He 00 cBoeH BuHS; 2) BeELYTL TMATeCAbHYW CTaTH- 
CTHEY Cb UBIb BHACHHTD YyCAOBia paboyaro PHHRA BB AaHHOM'b 
oxpyrs. 

OTKa3bB CO CTOpOHH OespaboTHaro BSATb UpesAOReCHHYW eMY 
pasyMHyW padoTy ocBo6omxaeTbh MBCTHHC KOMHTETH OTS Jarbabimek 
vOA3aHHOCTH. 

O6pamlawmaxca 8a padoTol rpyONHpyHTh H AaNWTh UMD 3aHsTia, 
COOTBBICTBYWMia BXb Npodecciz. 

Bb cayyab, ecau Oespa6oTHocTh oO6ycaOBaBBaeTca yOpHOH Hu 
CHCTeMaTHYeCKOh XBHbW, MBCTHHe KOMATETH MOFYTb SaCTaBHTb Opo- 
Agry padorats. 

MBcrabie KOMHTeTH He JOIHBH OCTABAATh CTauKOHapymsTereh 
(Tpe#k6pexepoBL) BB caysab ocaoxneHia MeaAY UpesUpAHHMATe- 
ASMH BH paOoTHHkaMH. 

PacxoOAH KOMHTETOBb MOKPHBAITCA H8b FOCyAapCTBCHHNXd CYMM'B. 

O6pamenie Kb KOMHTeTAaMh 3a padoToH He AMMaeTh UpaBa y4a- 
CTBOBaTh Bb DapAaMeCHTCKBXS AIH MYHHOHUAISHEXb BHOOpaX. 


Aiouneo. 


CUBPEMEHHAH WPHCUPYARHDIS. 27 


CoBpeMeHHad lpvecnpy.AeHuiA wv yyeHie 
Jl. I. lerpaxukaro. 


(Ipod. -1. 1. Merpaxunxia. Teopia npasa u rocyjzapcrBa Bb cBa3si cb Teopiet 
HpapcTBeHHocTH. T. 1, Hl, Cn6. 1907). 


sKopaH WpHAHKO-dauTacTruyeckoa pacTuTerbHOo- 
CTH 3adayaxeHiA nmokowTrca Ha Operctaprzenin oO 
CBEPXIEIOBBYCCKOML NPABOBOMD BOIBHIH, BHITCKAN- 
WeMb Bb peHriO8HOMb OTHOWOCHIH H3b XyOme- 
CTBCHHOA, & COCKYAATHBHO H3b MHICAAUeCA aHTa- 
ain. [losnanie sroro BooOpaxenia coBepmlaeTca UpE 
TOMOMH BHACHEHIA ETO NCHXONOPH4eCKAXD TeHeH- 
Wi, KOTOPHA NpOHCXOZATD H3d HeENOHHMAHIA 36M- 
HOTO Mponcxoajeuia H hie pasa, a Bb. CHAY 
aTOrO H NOAAexaTS ycTpaueHis Up DOMOMLA 2OKa- 
3aTeIbcTBa. TakHMb OOpasomb cBepx4ie10Bbieckoe 
upabosoe Belbuie, yueqmee H3b-U0Ab YENOBBueckok 
ONeKH, HE TOIbKO ONpoBepraeTcH H YHHITOMACTCA, 
HO BMBCTS Ch THM BUELETS 3a COOOW payHkKatb- 
Hoe actTpeészenie Bcero 2aabHbAUIArO pocTOBUAYye- 
CTBa 3& CICTh OCHOBHOA HPauTasMbl. Takb Kakd WBA- 
CTBHTeCAbHOe NPOHcXoRJenie UpaBa NCAXONOrHYeCKE 
HeEOOXOAHMO BeJeCTL Kb PaHTacTHIecKOMy ero 060- 
CHOBaHIND H OOpasyeTb BCe eFoO CyMECTBO, TO H Hu- 
nocopia upaBa aeTh Hevepobipawmee nosHanie 
CYMHOCTH NpaBba TSNS DYTEMS, ITO OHA BOBBPaMacrd 
NpPaBOBHA PanTasMhl Kb ABACTBATCIBHOCTH, YKa3sbl- 
Bad HX PoHeTHUeCKOe UpOncxoaeuic. Ona He YUHTS 
TONY, YTO NPeAUHCHBaeTCA OPH DOMODLA DpaBa, HO 
TOMY, KAKHMB O6pas0M>b upaBo UpeycTaBagerca D0- 
BCIBBAW MENS 00 CBOeH NpPHpOTb H TaKHME OOpa- 
30Mb HHYerO He HMBeTD OO mAaro Cb UpaBoMdb DpH 
pOAH, HO TOILKO Cb NPApOAOW pasa’. 
igs ete Knapp, System der Bechtsphilosophie, 

o7 Yr. 


I. 


Bb coBpeMeHHOH  lOpHCHpyAeHDIK MocTOponAaro HabalsaTeiaA He- 
BOAbHO DOpamaeTb es Upscrpacrie kb Hav6oabe obmMuMD 4 WHDpO- 
KHMDb TeMaMb H, BB OCOOeHHOCTH, C8 cTPeMJeHic HalTH Kakis-TO HOBHIA 
ulipexbieHia camo cymiHOcTH cBOero mpeyMeta. H, ec1H Bb COBpeMeH- 
HOH COMIOXOTIA CTPacTHO H AJHXOPANOUHO PasbICKHBaeTCA HCVePONBa- 
jwomee onperbienie oOmecTBa, TO aHadAOrH4HOe CTpeMJedie Bb Takol 
xe Mbpb MH HadIWAaeMb Y WPHCTOBD H TocyxapcTBeHHAkKOS. Llep- 
BHe DOcpesqH KABOH BpakTHYeckOH padoTH BApyrb OCTAHOBHIHCh Hab 
BON POCOM, ITO TAKOG MPaKO, TUCyAapcTBOBBAH, XOTb H Cb MeHbINeH 
TOPODABBOCTIO, BOSBpaMlawtcaA Kb BOUpOCy O camo CyMLHOCTH H OCHO- 
Bax rocylapcrBa. 

OTH ABIeHIA HeschOPpHO CHMUTOMATHYeCKaro XapakTepa H KHBO HA- 
HLOMHHAWTL HAMS TOTS LepesomMb, KOTOpHH bp XVI—XVIII Bbeax> 


3 M PERHCAHEP b. 


Hepexaia NWpanopad MEICIb EBponn Oxb BAisniemb NepectpokEa 
BCBXB OTHOMeHI#, compameHHo cb HayaioMb «HOBO sToxu». Kak 
Tellepb Ha rpagdA, OTAbARwWMek Hach OTS HeusBBCTHAMO OyAyMAaro, TAK 
H TOTMa AyUMiA TOAOBH Keponw O6paTAIHch KG UBCAXBAOBAHIW «<CyMI- 
HOcTeH» H «HepBHXb Hayarb». Kakb Tenepb, Takb H Bb TO BpeMA 
HCKalH Kak0e-TO HOBOe paso A HeCXOmMee Cb MpeRAHHM'S FOCyAApcrTsBo; 
NOXb BAJOMb uxAocopckaro yrayOxenia BL TaHh xuBOTBOpAMeh 
H COBHawmMeH IpHpOAb OTHICKABAXHCh NOHATIM, TOTOBHA TOKPHTE 
e060) HOB Mipb, BOsHHEAIMIi usb ABAPS cTaparo NoparKa. 

WM wayo DpuswatTb, 4TO BeXHEI€ TBOPOH ecTecTBeHHaro pasa, 
Hpaba pasyMa WH UpHporwn, OxzecTAmMe BHOOIHHAH CBOW 8ayagy: Hafl- 
ACHHHIA HMH NOHATIA H HCH OKa8aIHCh Bb BHICMeh cTeneHH NpH- 
TOAHHMH IIH TOO, TOOK CTATh AYXOBHHIMS UPyKIOMS BL PYKAXb BCBXS 
- Oopwlluxca Hayarb. OnH ONpabsarw peRorONiN u3b IPAPOMIeHAHXS 
HEOTUYRAACMEIXE UIPAaBh WAOBbEA H TpawlahnHa, HO Bb TO Ke MBph 
NOCAYRHIH WHTOMB H MCCOMB H JAA HOBaro BCeNOTIOMAWMAro 
<CyBepeHHaro» abcoaWTH3Ma. OHH IpOBOsrAacHIH Hayado CBOOOIE Cco- 
BBCTH, HO BB TOH He cremenu coxbitcrBoBald WocTpoeHiw Takb Ha- 
3HBaeMOH «IYXOBHOH NOXHIiH» H OCHOBaHHAarO Ha Hell Hesapenanusma. 
OnH, CB OMHOK CTOPOHH, Bb BEICHIeH cTeNeHH BHePrH4HO BHOCHAH BB 
rpaklanckie KOAeKCH TyMaHHOH sOXH HayalO NOMOMA Obe3{01eCHHHIM'S, 
HO, Cb ApyroHi, enje Oorbe cHibHO cnocoOcTBOBaIH BOABOpeHiN Hu pac- 
WpocTpaneHit HOPME cTaparoO pHMCKaro MpaBa Ch ero APKO «sToH- 
CTHYCCKUMB» IIPHHMHNOMS cBoOoO,HOH, caMosepmanHol uacTHoH co6- 
cTpeHHocTu. Mi, ecaw qarbe ecrecTBeHHOMY MpaBy IpHHalIeKUTh 3a- 
cxyra cCMATYeHiA OpsueIOBbaHHIXh Hakasanifi mpemxaaTO yroxOBHaro 
papa, TO eMy xe 06a8aHa CBOHMD IPOHCXOMMeHieMS H Ta IpecroByTas 
TOCyAapcTBeHHaA HPABCTBEHHOCTL, CBBTCKAA pelHTia OomecTBeHHAarO 
' Jepiaeana, KOTOPad NOCTPOHAa HOBIA TIOPhMH H CO3Ja1a HOBHA Ka8HH 
Aix OOHOBACHHATO pasyMOMDb yeAOBbEa. 

OxHa Hyea oObeluHHeTS, OMHAKO, BCS STH CTPeMueHiA ecTecTBeH- 
Haro IpaBa. BaIcTynaa 0b BHOMb BhInATO 3aKkOHa GeAOBbYecTBA H 
CTAHOBACh Bb pbsky MpOTHBONOAOMAOCTS pasposHeHHO MecTpoTb 
PeOlAIbHHXL MOOMATCILBHXS Wpakb—OJHHAKOBO OomeCKHXS H Ye- 
AOBBYeCKHXD,—NpaBo MpHPOA Kab On HHCTHHETHBHO BCe BPeMS 
ObeTCA BOKPYTb OMHOTO HNeadta, CTpeMuTCA Rb ONHO BHCIIeH HW OKOH- 
WATCIBHOH IFBAK: OHO KaR1eTh TOCyAApCTBA, OHO UPHSHIBACTh «BEPXOB- 
HarO 8akOHOMATeIA», OHO CTPCMHTCA CTATb TOCYLAPCTBCHHEIMS, & BCBXS 
TpaklaHb CH10W MPAPOH NOIWHATL WeHTpasbHok sBceoObeman me 
BaacTH. TocyyapcrBo eTO cOHNe ecTeCTBeAHarO MpaBa... 

ToaibkO 3aTbMb JH pomlawTca Ha cBBTS, ITOOH CTaTh Mpaxia- 
HaMH, TOIBKO [1A TOTO AaHH HMb MpapoJo-matepbw cBoOoza H pa- 
BCHCTHO, ITOOH Tepelatb uXb WBABKOMD HIM Bb WCTH BEAHROMY Ib- 
AOMY MOAHTHYECKATO eNHUCTBA, YTOOH CO3JaTb MPH MOMOMA JorTOBOpa 
cision NeaTph rocyxapcTBeHHaro BceBlacTia. M eb sTOMY DeHTpy 
HalpaBleHhl KCB Xb CTpeMAeHIA MH BanpocH. Ipapora upexNHCHBaeTL 





COBPEMEHHAH FOPHCUPYJEHDIH. 2y 


rocyzapcTBy WhAb efO WHATCIbAOCTH; OA IIYTeMb DOAWHeHIA ecTe- 
CTBCHHALO YeIOBBEA 3AKOHOMATeEAW CO8faerh BIACTS, OHA OPraHHsyerb 
e@ H JMETYeTb CBAIMCHHHA XapTiH H OCHOBHHE JOTOBOpH, Ona 
BO HMA CBOGOAH NPOBOLUTS pB3kyO Tpakb Mey BAACTAMH H YpaBHO- 
BBMUBACTE HXS BL YAIMBATeIbHOM MamlUHb, rh MadTHHKOM' CTaHO- 
BHTCa «fapMOHHYeCKad CUpaBelIABOCTL». CocyzapcrTsBo, OCBAMLEHHOe «Ha- 
TYpoh>, HeshOxemoe, KAKb CCTECTBO, MOry4ee, KAKb CTHXiA, H OCHOBAH- 
HOe H& BBKOBBIHOMD sakoHS ecTecTBeHHoli HeOOXO.UMOCTH——TAaKOBO 
OCHOBHOG TBOpeHie OyYXOTBOpeHHOK UpAporH, BHIIMesWMee U3 AaboOpa- 
TOPiH COSHaTeAbHarO YeAOBbuecKkaro TBOPWECTBA. 

HsMHI BHIHMS YIHBUTeAbHOe SpbIMUMe: TOCyAApCTRO, BOMIJOTHBMEE 
BB ceGb <IpuHpoxy», MOlyYaeTb He8AaBHCHMOe OTH Hex OnITIe; CAOBHO 
OTOPBABMAasch OT MepBosayaibHok oOme MacchI IaaHeTa, OHO cTpe- 
MHTCA HayepTaTs cBoI0 cOOcTBeHHYyW opOuty. Upupoga orocyzapcTBaseH- 
Haga oObabiseTh BOHHY Upuposs, ocrapmelicw nosaqu; o,HO rocysap- 
CTBO lIpeTeHAyeTh Ha Opedab ACTHHHOKM UpHporb, Ha sHayenie HOp- 
MAaabHarO H Helpepekaemaro oOOpasia, OH0 OHO eCTb HCTHHHAHH, He- 
HpexoxHHH H SlOpOsHH OpPlaHusMb HaTypalbHoll wa3HH 4H BCe, ITO 
BAS e©0, OOLABIXETCA OOIbHHIM’, H3BPAMeCHHHM'D) H YPOAAMBHIM'; OLHO 
OHO BOCIpiatO Y HeMOCpeACTBeHHALO HCTOYUHHKA UHCTHA CTpyH 4ed0- 
BbieckO# RUSHA H JAeTd UM'S MPOCTOPd, MOMHOTY H BalluTy. TOIbKO Bb Lo- 
cyjapcTBb, Bb BUY sTOLO, MOReTd ObITh BOSpalleHoO Oe3s061a4HOe YeI0- 
BBwecKOe CIACTLE, TOALKO Bb ero HBAPAX BOSpORMAeTCA HANIA 3000- 
TOTO BBKAa, BOCKpecaeTb MoOTepsHAHH H CHOBa BOsBpamMenHbh pai. 

Vy, kagb Halo OHIO ORAJaTS, NPUpOJa rocysapcrTBesHad OObABHIA 
Boltay opHporb, ocrapmelica Bub ero. UroOnt He OITh HHSBEPrHyTHMD 
pykow Sesca, Kponoch crarb Nomupats cBouxd wre. Ecrectseauoe 
paso CebAaI0 cBOe WHAO—OHO AOIKHO OBLIO CTATb KaSCHHLIM, kb 
KOMCKCY IPHPOAW MpHAOMewa DewaTd, O'S YkpamMesd HaMUHChw «OHITS 
no cemy». Upasa yeroBbka 3aneceshl Bb Haslemamia pyOpuku, TH- 
TY HW CTaTbH. SHaMeHHTHe Tepesianckie, Ppuzepuuianckie, MagkcH- 
MHAIAHOBCKIC KOJCKCH H YAOREHIA TOUHO Tak’ Ke sakpbUHAN BR Locy- 
HapcTBEHHOMS 3aK0HB eCTeCTBCHHOe H MHCaHHOe NpaBo weJOBBKA 
rpax{aHuha, Kak’ OTO CKb1aIH, Cb APYTOH CTOPOHH, BCeEBOSMOMHHIA KOH- 
CTHTYHiH penomomioHHoh @pannin, oObexzuHenHos Usefuapin, pec- 
myOankanckoH Amepuku. HW ecanu Bb OJHOMD cayqab mpaso NpHposE 
BHIHAOCh BB PopMb adcos0THoH, 4 saTbMb KOMCTHTYOIOHHOH MuHap- 
XiH, Bb APYTOMb—pasIHIHHXb peciyO1HKAHCKUXE WTAaTORb H Locy- 
Ja@pcTBL, TO BCS OTH «KOHCTUTYOIH» Oa3supoBadH Ha OAHOM’ ou- 
WAIbHO OLOOPeHHOM'D, NOBCIOLY OODIe-IIPHHATOMD H AIH BCBXB 0683a- 
TCIbHOMD CHMBOIB BBPH, KOTOPHH TiacHTb: rocylapcTBO ecTh Hayao 
H KOHENDB oOlecTBeHHOH KH3HH, Bb TocyzapcTBhb i OTB Hero MOdy- 
qaeTp OnITIe BCAHKOe Mpawo, TOCYAapcTBy OAHOMY NPHHALexUTS CcaMo- 
AKepRaBA0e MOHONOIbHOG pacHopsRevie BOOpyAKeHHLIMS UPHAyRenieMs, 
OTH Hero H TOABKO OTS HeETO MOMHO OH JaTh BCAYECKATO O1aReHCTBA. 


XoOporbreiu u mporpecca. 


' 30 Mc PEHCHEP 4. 


EcTectseHHoe Wpaso WbAWKOMS pasXbAHAO Bb cBoOet cyAbOb yracTs 
cpoero coszaTeia x TBOpHa. Ilo wbpb Toro, kakb GyHTyWMee TpeTbe 
COCAOBIC NOCTeNeHHO HepeXolHAO Ha PeABCHI TOCYAAPCTBeHHO MBICIA- 
Maro KIACCa H, OWMARCh OTS MPCRAAX COWSHHEOBS, NOKHMAAOCH 
0 CTYHCHBRAaMS OWpPOKpaTiA H HapOAHALO MpeACTABHTeCALCTBA JO M0- 
AJOMeHIA BAACTRYOMAarO Bb OHBEAMACHHOMS TocylapcTBb dakTopa— 
UIpaBo IpHpOAH, OYMMAaAch Bb FOpHUAB Kannesspii, napraMeHTORS 4 
HOAHWeHCKAXS YYACTROBL, NOAYIAAO, HAROHENS, TBEPAWA POPMH ro- 
CY{apCTBeHHATO MpaBa, BELIHIOCh Bb KPHCTALIN CBAMeHHOH cobcTBeR- 
HOCTH, OraronambpenHok cBoboyh H paBeHCTBA, IOCTPOeHHAaTO Ha ROB- 
KYppeHii HHMaro Tpyla A UpaBHdernpoBanvaro Kanutatza. ILpexmnee 
ecTecTBeHHoe MmpasBo yMepazo... [pangya, ero cTapha sHaMeHa mpobc- 
Bain MOAHATh OCTABMiACA 8a (AATOMb <IOCYAAPCIBEHHOCTH» Hapor- 
AHA MACCh H COMaTHCTHYeCKiA NapTin, OyYHTApH H B8aTOBOPIMIHEA x0- 
TBIH PasyMY YCNOKC@HHOMY MpPOTHROCTaBHTb pasyM> OyaTywomit, mpn- 
porb kasenHoi—npupory BoAbHyW... Ho nNOmnTKA He yalach, H He 
TOAbKO MOTOMY, YTO HA CTOPOH'S MpHpywenHok MpApowH OKasaxuch 
(padparn, Onpma # NYOIKH; HTS, canNHil IPBHOANS NpapomAeHHHXb 
NpaBs OHA IPOANPABACHS WH ClaHb 8a HeHaAOOHOCTHW Bb apXHB, 
Ha oraB wcTopnyeckoh HaykH OBIIH COmMReHH efo OOPHBEH, KAD 
ACTpelaBmlincd GaHKOBEIA OyMaKEA. 

OjOMalHenHad Mpuposa IpeppaTntacb Bb AcTOpin. Actopnyeckoe 
npaso cMBxHHAO peBolwHiw. PasyMHnH wu cOosHaTeIbHHA TBOpeITS To- 
cyjapcTBA—cyBepenHad IHIHOCTh—cTarb TeMHO EXbrouKoh obme- 
CTBEHHATO Oprann3Ma, Hrpymof sBorwnionHaro mponecca. Camo ro- 
CyfapcTBo peo6pazoBanocb. XOAO HAA, MATeMATHYeCKH OOAYMAaHHS 1 
MaIIHHa BAACTH, 9TOTH OOomeCTBACHHH HHACTPYMeHTB CBOOOARE 
CYacThA pactarcs, C1OBHO BeceHHift Jeyb, A BHPOCIO H3'b-NOAb Hero 
TOCy1apCTBO-OpraHHsM’b, OOMecTBeHHOe TAO Cb NIpPaBHTCABCTBOMb— 
TOIOBOW, Ch JOpOTaMH BM'BCTO KAIb, cb OypRyasieH BL pOAH ReAyAKA, 
Cb MHINIOHAMH TPYAAMArocd AWAa Bb BANS BBIHO pabOTAaNULAXh Pyk'h, 
Oe3sh OTINXa Warawomuxh nors. HM Bb MAPHOMS Uponecch Gesupe- 
TATCTBCHHOH aBONDIH, Bh CNOKOHHOMDS pocTh MOryaaro OprasHsMa 
BaRT1aCh RUBAB EAACCOBOTO OGINECTBA, BANICBCIHABCL KABTOURA HAAY- 
CTpiaIbHaro MpovsBOACTBa AH YepHOH, TametOH BOIHOH NOANAXacb ro- 
paiad EpPoBb OOes3emexeHHaro mporetapiata. Opranusmb 3apaboTaab 
BO BcH. OnpaBjanAwit ucropiefi Ha TBepxoH nowwb HeobxoqaMaro pas- 
BHTIA, MPOHHEHYTHIA Teopieli nore3HOCTH A MpucnocobleHia OHb BO-~ 
WeIb Bb Miph OpraHnueckoH ofyimeBIeHHOH NpUpOAW, saMBHHAb CO- 
6off meTainuecraro Jlesiaeana cTaparo BpeMeHH. 

Cnpamnpaetcs, OTEYIa we OHNO B8ATb CHAY CAaMOOTBepPReHHaro 
AOATa, KOTAA OpTanAyeckad MpApoAa MpwsHaeTS ANMIb nNpucnhocoOxe- 
Hie 1m poxosoi nens6bmani xomb ectecTBeHHO sBornuin. OTkyna 
XOOKITH Hea, BOTTA BCe NOKOHTCA Ha OopE6b 3a cymecTBOBaARie, 
KOTI2 OJHHb CHIBAHA nMBeTS WpaBoO Ha RH3Hb A CIacTbe, CAAGIIH 
me o6peiens rozognott riapoTHHb? O kakOMb HPABCTBEHHOMS 382KOHH 


COBPEMEHHBAA WPHCMPYAEHOLA. 31 


MOKCTS HATH pba, corga Sops6a erbroverd WocTpoesa aa NpHAnars 
CAaMOCOXPAHeHIA, KOTAa AAA BHpPAOOTKA AVIMATO AOXRHH ruOHyTs TH- 
CHIH XYIMHXb, KOTMA CHAA CTAHOBHTCA YTAaBHHMb OCHOBAHICMt, & 
10sb8a, rpyOnt HATepecs, TO1OCh HEHACkITHAarTO Opwxa, OOpasyers BCE 
coxepmanie cTpeMieniff, xexanili, yomoraTerbcTBD? HesosmMoxHo 61110 
BOSBpPallaThCA Kb MpHporb ThMb K1ACCaMb, KOTOPHIE OCTAXHCh 
BHHSY, OPraHH4eCckO-HCTOpH4eckos HalpaBienie y6n10 upaBo mpnpoa 
SesnosepuTuO H Hascersa. 

WM osab camomb xbrb, 10ka Bb BAXB NpApoAn Oba Upapoga He- 
OpranHyeckas, BCe OHIO O4eHh yRO6HO Hu xopomo. Murcaamifi qes0- 
BBEB Opaib OyMaxky HW CNOKOHHO BEICIATHBaID ceOb, CKOIbRO N0Ha- 
KOOWTCH eMY JIA DocTpoikn kaMHa UW YAH, Merbsa an crass. 
Ob OTKPHB2AITh PYKOBOACTBO 10 PH3HKB A XHNIH H HAXOJHIb Tans 
TOUWHNA KPacHBHA COpMYIN, HevH3NbAALIA, KakB camo OnITie. IIo 
THM OPMY1aMb Ob AIAG TOWNA BHIIMCIeHiH H, XOTA BMBCTO 
KHpMaGa y Hero 6H IeAOBBEb, a RMBCTO WeMeHTA ero MOTPeOHOCTH 
H 4YBCTBAa, B10 BHXOAHIO OYeHE XOpomo. Habpachipaaca oyeHb Kpa- 
CHBHA H H3aIeH o1anb, TOUHO onpeybisacch KayecTBO MaTepia- 
AOBb H JBAOMDS NOAHTHRA-BaROHOLaTeAS ObLIO C.IBTb Maccy Kupnayell 
H KHBOH YAHHH Bb OCTPOYMHYN H KPBOKYW NocTpoitRy, coslanHyw 
0 BCBMb [paBHAaMb HCKYCCTBa, corzacHO mpupoxb awzett w Hx 
cOOCTBEHHOMY cuacTin. BS sToMb cayyab ecTecTBeHHad HeOOxoa,HMOCTB 
cOBMalaeTh Ch AOCARCHCTBOBABICMh, MATEMATHUECKAA opMy.ia CE 
HPaBCTBEHHDND AOITOMS, CCTECTBCHHAA MOTPeOHOCTh Cb HeOTIyRAAe- 
MEIMD CBALLCHHHIME 1paBoM’... Ho karb OnITb, KOTAA MaTeMaTHRY cu'b- 
HH1a 80010Fa, AHTPONOAOLIA, COMO10riA, ITO WhaaTb, KOTIa Ha MBCTO 
ecTecTBeHHOH <HCTOPiH» HeOPfAaHHYeCKHXS BeMIECTBh pasBePpHYAAaCh 
mCTOpia THCAYeETBTIH CO CBOHMA 3araikawH A TemMHOTOH, CO cBOen 
CAOMHOCTHIO, Heouper'bracHHOcTSN, YXOJANIUM> Bb HeHSBBCTHOe KOA- 
nomp? Cab arbcph couiaibnaa HeodxolJuMocTh? Bb vem irbab HeH3- 
CakaemMaro MOpa paiHH? Ke kakoft TOURB NpHMRAYTD 3Abcb ANIA 
Mjearb, TOPAMlyw coBbcTh, KpHTHYeCKyIO MHICIb? He Marematuyeckit 
KOMCKCh, He ACHAM MOpMY1a TOWWNXS BEIMUHAD, a2 OeBKOHEIHO CRH- 
BaHHhifi KazeHAOCcKONb «O6yCAOBIeCHHHIXh> saBleniii, xaoch RuBOH ax- 
Wupid, Bb KOTOPON® KaINH eHb HOBAA H C.10KHAA NepembuHa, 
KaxIyO MHGYTY AOBHA dakrb, a BMBCTR A HOBOC uscrbAOBaHie, Aa- 
Gxojenie, nAgyKnIiag. Ito Ao Toro, ITO OHH, Hakone, H306pbrean 
Pa3HHe daBOTOMIONAHIe cOMmiOAOTuYeCKie 3aKOHH; YTO MOKHO cAbaaTh 
AAA AHIWHAPO MOBeTeHiA H3B cheHcepoBcKOH Audpepennianin u HATC- 
rpauid, YO JaBato JapBuHOBCKOC Npucnoocobenie H Gopb6a, Kb FeMy 
HaMb OMIM TekRereBCKie MOHHSMBI, KOT.a y Hac’ He OHO POpMy.1n 
RASA HH3HH, OOOMOUKH WIA pasa, 3akOHa JAA APaBCTBeHHALO JOIRKCH- 
crsosania? Via 30020rid HPaBCTBCHACCTH BHIBOCTH O10 HeAb3A. 
E-ctecrseHhoe pando mork6xo. 

A Memay Thwb pasBuTie esponefickaro oOilecTBa camo MpHBerO 
K® OOIbMIOMY CIPOCy H& HOBNe MOAUTHGeCKie Heart, IPHpoOResubA 


¢ 


32 M PEHCHEP 5b. 


IpaBa, kaTeropHyeckyO H BHICOKYH HpaBCTBeHHOCTh. Mil He CTaHeMb 
NOBTOPATS 3i'bcb BB THCAYY NepBHH pasb TOH ucTOpid pasBATIA eB- 
poueickHxh COM@IbHHXB ElaccOBb, KOTOpad cTala o6mle-a3BbcTHOH 
awe Bb Pocciv, 61aroqapa GesyucXeHHHMS OpoulOpaM’ A KHURRAM. 
HanoMHAM’b TOIBKO, JTO RAK Pasb TaMb, TXB Ona OCcOOeHHO CHAbHA 
noTpe6HocTh Bb ujetino OcHOBB AIA CBOHXD peaibHHXb cTpemszenifi, 
Bb klacch Ma6pHiBHxb padoTHHEOBS, Nolywxa ocoboe pacipocrpa- 
HeHie H Ta TeOpis, KOTOPad cy’biala KONOCCAIbHYWO DOUMWTKY UpH- 
MHPHTb HCTOPiW, HSTOTOBICHHYW Bb OypmRyasHoh aaGoparopin, cb co- 
WiatHCTHYCCKHMH HlealOMb H NONb SHAMeHEMD MApKCHSMa OObeLE- 
Hola MHIJIOHH eBponefickaro yposetapiara. [panmiosHaad cucTeMa. 
Mapkca, 8aBepmIABiasica 3akOHYeHHOH Teopieft BL oOxacTH SROHOME- 
yeckoH HaykH, Kb COmMaIBHIN, HE Halla O1HAKO PaBHHIXh eMY Ipo- 
JommaTeiel. Hambuiennaad MapkcHsMOM comiox0rid OCTaHOBHAaCch Ups 
HepBHXb CBOHX MOAOREHIAXD, NPaBoBad HW TOCyAapcTBeHHad ACTOpPizZ 
MAPKCH3Ma OCTalach HesakOHGeHHOH, Bb comiaabHoH ucTOpin weIOBB- 
YeCTBa AKIN Telleph Hawdasach ocTOHHad sTOrO HMeHH paboTa 10 
npopbpeB wu oboccHoBaHim ucTopnueckaro MaTepiarusma. Jlaptifinas 
UyOAMUMCTHEA H HAalpsmeHHad NoAWTHYeCKad Oopp6a OTBIeKIa OTS 
TeopeTHueckoH paboTH BCB IyaMiaA TOAOBLI MpOAeTAapCKarO MAPECHSMA, 
HeEMHOrie H3b CpesH NapTid paboTHHEOBS MOFAH MOsBOARTE ceOB po- 
CKOMb YHCTO Hay4aHoH TeoperuyeckoH paboTH. HM, ecaa Ha UpasTuRB 
epponetickit comialH3Mb BO BCBXb CBOHXb OTTBHRAXB H HallpaBie- 
HiAXh CYMBIB CO3JaTb HOBYW MOPadb MU UpaBo, TO 10 CHXB NOpt, OX- 
HakO, 9T& HAeoIOria He NOAyYHAa cBOeTO BHICMAarO TeopeTHyeckaro 
BLIpaxeHia, «KcTecTReHHOe» MpaBO YIHeTeHHEIX MACCh elle OF HAAeTS 
CBOCTO «KOJ@KCa». | 

OyjHako comialbaH HepeBopoTs, coBepmuBMilica yxe NO KPOBOM. 
HOBaro DpaBoBOrO H KYIbTYpHaro TOcyAapcrTBa, He MOTB upolirn 6es- 
cIbggo faa HanOorbe 4yTEHXD yMOBD 3anagqno# Ksponn. HW ecag 
BB Havarb mMexKIY NOHBMaHiemh aBleHifi H uxd bACTBHTCIDHEIMD 
o6Hapyxediemb He Ob10 HHEAROH CBASH, TO BCKOPb Ha MOBepXHOCTH 
OOmlecTBeHHOH AH3HH 3aKHUbla Iuxvupagoiwwad TeopeTHueckad paborta. 
OTHOCHTeAbHO TepBaro ea Nepioga copepmenHO upass Onap H. LH. 
ou6eph, KOrNa TOBOPHI, «ITO HH Bb Kako Apyro# nepioxs obmect- 
BOHHO SKOHOMMYeCKOH ucTOpiH He cymlecTBOBaIO Tako ruyOoRoi, sig- 
wmek 6e3sqHL MexIY PakTHIeCKUMS TeyweHieMt OOMECTBEHHHXD cOOH- 
Tit Hu aBIeHi H YPOBHEMb HXb NOHMMAHIA KAaBb BL TeOPeTHYCCKOM?D, 
TaRb H Bb NPakTMYeCKOMD sHayenin nocrbauaro». MU wbicTBuTerbHo, 
«ObICTpOTa, pasHoo6pasie, BHesaNHOCTD NosBIeHia w pasMBpH Tbxb 
u3MbHeHi BB SROHOMIH OOMecTBA, KOTOPHIA.. ARIAIOTCA rraBAbimen 
XapakTepHCcTHEOH MepexuBaeMaro HaMA BpeMeHH, MpocTro Ha pocTo 
SACTRTAH OOABINHHCTBO Takb HashiBaeMOH HHTCIIBTeHUIA BpactIoxD, 
He Jain ef elle BO3MOMHOCTH MpucnocobuTbea RB ceOb HW CTaTh Ha 
Haglemamifi yrorb spbuia». Taxb co3qazocb cBoeOpasHoe «pascTosHie 
MexIy OOMeCTBEHHOW opraHHsanie H OONIeCTBEHELIMD BOsspbHiewb 





COBPEMEAKad WOPHCIPYAEAUIA. 33 


Ha Hee», TAK «paso», STOTh «YCTAaHOBMBWifica OOMecTBeHHHH pa- 
SYM SIOXH>, OCHOBHAA «e2HBHUa MipOBOBspBHiA» ea OKasalach Ha- 
3aAH cONiaIbHOH ABACTBHTeALHOCTA KallwT@aIMCTHYcCKOH a0xH *). 
Kou®aeKTb CTaparoO [paBa H HOBHXb WoTpeOsocte BHACHAICa 
Bce Ooabnie u Oombme. TocyzapcTBo MOHOMOAHSUPOBaIO IpaBo, & Ha- 
YEa@ OkashIBasach OescHabHOH OTOPBaTb UpaBo OTb rocysapcTBa 4H 
HOCTABHTb efO Ha BHAe OODIeCTBeHHHe peabcH. Br rocyszapctTs opano, 
Ka3saJ0Cb, HalldO CBO HCTHHHYH POAHHY, H WOKMHYTb «rocysapcrBex- 
HOG» IPpaBO SHa4HIO BMacfh Bb anapxiw. Hospha crpewisenian OKasH- 
BaJHCh AHMI@HHLIMH HAaleRIH MOAYINTH KOTMa-HuOyYAL <CBOe Ipano>. 
Takoe noszoxeHie bb UpPOOAMaAoch, BUpoYem'b, He AoATo. H nep- 
BHMH 3ABCb SaLOBOPHAH COUlaAbHbIG HCTOPHKH H OROHOMHCTHI, May- 
pept, Mons, Hacce, Jlapexe: OHH DepBhie CTadH HBCABAOBaATA 3aBH- 
CHMOCTEh yUpexreHifi OTh OKOHOMHYCCKHXDE YCAOBIA; Kb HAM IIpPHCoO- 
CAHHHACH APHOIbb, KOTOPHH yxRe pasiniaxb Upaso uw xossicTBeH- 
BHA YCAOBIA TOABEO KAR ABS CTOPOHH! OAHOTO H TOFO Ke Mponecca, 
«Bb HCTOpiH He CYMeCTByeTb HHGeETO BHYTpeHHATO H HHYeFO BHBII- 
HATO, HCKAWYHTCAbHO OTb TOIKH spbHian HaOsAWAaTelA SABHCHTS TO, 
KaKHMDE HMCHHO OOpa3s0Mb OH HOReIacCKh BOCUPHHAMATh HM Upescrar 
BISTh ce6b Bemlu; ecau uscrbgopanie OygeTs UpoBeyenO NocabjoBa- 
TCXbHO, TO OHO UPHBeACTh KB OAHOMY H TOMY RC pesyAbTaTy, Bce 
PaBHO, CTaHeMS 1H MLf PASCMATPHBaTb DpaBo, Kakb OCHOBaHie xosaH- 
CTBCHAHIXS ycuosii, HIH He STH OCIAHIS, KAR OCHOBAHIe pasBHTiA 
upapa». HM jzame Pomiepb HaxOAUJh, TOBOPA Bb CBOCMD BOSBHICHHOMS 
CTHAS, «ITO OPHCIPyACHIid H 9EOHOMMYECKAA Hayka—orTo JBB pOHHa 
CeCTPH, Y HHXS Ofna OOMad MATbD—HCTHHA HK OAHA OOmaa Cihepa pa- 
OOTH—RHSHb Hapoda. H YeTOBbYecTBa». Bb MOAHOMb cordaci Cb 
HasBaHHHMH YIOHHMH cTpemHica JlankBapTb HaHTH HCTOUWHHEH «<BCA- 
Karo 1paBa» Bb «pOsHBINHXD ero PakTHYeCKHXD OTHOMERIAXD». [oxu- 
THUCCKAA SEOHOMIA JOARHA CIYRUTD OCHOBOH pH ASsyYeHIH Dpasa *).: 
Korsa Bb KOKI ceMHJeCaTHXb TrogoBb BO Ppanvin OnIb NOI- 
HAT BOMPOCh O BBCACHIH SKOHOMIH Bb KYPCh WPHAMGCCKHXD MKONb, 
OXHBACHHAA NOJEMHEA MeRIY cTOPOHHAKAMH ETOH MbpPH A UPOTHBHH- 
KawH €8 NOCAYKHAG TOLYKOMS Kb HOBOMY YACHEHIO OTHOMeHIA MexTy 
%BSHBIO H ef NOHHMaHiemb. Ks oto DOAeMHK'S IPHCOCAHHHAHCH H 
Hbmekie sKOHOMACTH. Ajoabdb Barsepb yruepxlaib, aro <CTOpia 
H usz0copia UpaBa HacTOATeIbHO HYXAANWTCA Bh HallobaIbHO-9KOHO- 
mayeckoH ocnosh: xcTopid UpaBa yIATb DosHaBaTb BHSMBIK XO 
mpaba, BHYTpeHHia Ke NOOYAWTeADHEIA PHYHHH HevsBECTHN eH Cca- 
MOH; TOIBEO Gxarofapa OTEPHTINO DocrkhHuxD 6yseTb avo WhlicTBH- 
TEABHOG pasbacHeHie HCTOPHYeCKAaTO pasBHUTiA paBa, Tak'b Kakb IPH 
STOME MORHO OYACTh BarIAHYTh BS OTHOMEHIA IPHYHHHOH cBASH; Hu 


*) H. H. 3uGepp, Co6panie counnenif, T. II, [paso u moaatuueckaa ako- 
Homia, Cnu6. 1900 r. crp. 307—337. 
**) Tamb-me, cTp. 344—348. 
Ansapp. Orzbar Ii. 3 





34 M. PE&#CH EP SB. 


OTHOMOCHIA STH PACKPHBaeTh JIA OOALMUXE OTIBAOBE MpaBa OHA 
TOIBEO NOAHTHYeCKAd SEOHOMIA». «MMeHHO pabeTH 00 9KOHOMHUECKOH 
(ur0copin WpaBa JOMKAH BHMOIBHTL» CHeMialbHO OTHOCHTCIbHO OCHO- 
BaHifi gacTHoH cOOCTBEHHOCTH «<emle 4upesBNaaHO MHOTOe, eCAH He 
CKkasaTb—O04TH BCe» *). 

Bce sTo TeyeHie, HalpaBAeHHOe ED OTHCKAHiW HOBOH TOURH spb- 
Hid H& UpaBo, ocTaloch Bb cBoe mepBof cTagin He OcObeHHO M410- 
KOTBOpHHIMS. Memazy UpasoOMb KM 9SKOHOMHKOM BCe BPeMA OCTAaBaICca 
KaKOH-TO mpobbrs, yepest KOTOpHH BL AyIMeMb cayyab epeupH- 
THBaIH, UPH NOMOMH TO wWpaAMyecKOH MeTa@H3HEH, TO 9KOHOMHGeCKOH 
emuupia. Camnfi raaBHHit BOMpOCh OTHOCHTEAbHO TOTO, Kak 0paBo 
IPeTBOPHAeTCA Bb SKOHOMHUEY H OOpaTHO, OcTaBaaCca BCe we HepaspsB- 
MeHHHMb. MW nogo6HO TOMY, KAR HHETO He MOT OUpexbIHTH <06- 
DOCTBeHHOS SHAaveHie H COMAIbHYH MYHELIN UpaBa», TOUHO Takb He 
HHETO He MOIS Ollper'biuTh DyTe, NocpexcTBOMb KOHXD TOTh HAH 
apyro# cnoce6s segenia xosaficrsa onpexbiseTb COOTBSICTBeHHA 
dopMsr upaba. [lepsyio DONHITEY OTOPBaTb MpaBo OTS ero HOBOH rocy- 
JapcTBeHHo pOHHE Hao CIHTATb OSTOMY OesycAOBHO HeyAaBMehcy; 
ToctpoenHoe Ha xosaficTBeHHoms  Oasucb, «OOMecTBO» OKa3al0Cb He 
Bb CHIAXb paspyMATs kpbuxifi cowst NPHHYAHTeAbHALO TOCyAapcTBeH- 
Haro UpaBa Hw DerTpadws0BaHaok BlacTH COBPCMCHHHX. MOIMTHUC- 
CKHXB €HHHINS. 

VMHeab8a He OTMBTHTE 31'5Cb NOpashTeibHok wepTH: TOTh caMnit 
MAPKCH8Mb, KOTOPHH Ooabme BCBXS ObLIb SAHHTCPCCOBAHb Bb pasaAy- 
4eHiH rocyzapcTBa H MpaBa; mpAMoit sagagell KOTOpOTO, Kasat0ch ON, 
6HAO0 COsxaHie HOBarO Upaka Bb MPOTHBOMOIOMHOCTS OPuliaibHOMy 
TOCYJapCTBEHHOMY 8aKOHY, — YTOTOBb OLLI Bb TOH KaSCHHHMD T0- 
CYAaPCTBOBbAaMS CMBIUATS TOCyAapcTBv H WpaBo, Kak HHTO, HeOOxO- 
HMO H HeH3sO6bRHO cBAB8aHHOe APYTh cB Apyromb. Pass rocysap- 
CTBO ABASeTCA OHO 485 POPMS OprakusaliH AMYDLMXD KAACCcOBh, 
HalpaBieHHOH IUPOTHBb HeHMYIUX, TO A BCC MpaBo, Eakb OAKES 
H8b HeHSOBAHHXD COWSHHEOBD FOCYAapcrTBa, ORASHBAeCTCA KAKb OYATO 
SalLdTHAHHEIMES TOW we caMoH skcuayataTopckoh mbibw. HM ecau, BB 
KOHIB KOBDOBS, TOcyapcTBO OCyRseHO Ha Takoe #*xe HCUeSHOBEHIe, 
Eakb H BCH Apyrie aTTpHOyTH COBpeMeHHAarO KAACCOBOTO FOCHOACTBA, 
TO H DpaBy rposaTb cb HEMD BMBCTH Ta Re Camas yuacTb. Upaso 
TAKUM OOPasOMb OTORCCTBARETCA BNOIHB Cb COBPEMeCHHHIMS Tpa- 
HAAHCKHMD H YIOIOBHLIMD UpaBoM'b, HANPABICHHHIMB Kb IPHHYAHTOAb- 
HOH oxpanb klaccoBOro KauuTaaucTHyeckaro CTpOs, H HH O KakOM’b 
HHOMES DpaBb HapOsHHXb Macch, KOTOpOe CyMecTBOBAAO OH BH Fro- 
CyAapcTBa, sy'bcbh ye He MOMeTE GnITD pbun. Cb EAACCOBHIMS TOCy- 
JapCTBOMb UH KalluTaducTHyeckoh MopMoH MpoH3BOACTBA AOWKHO AC- 
ue3sHYTb I HHABMHee «rocyxzapcTBeHHoe» mpaso. paso coOcTBeHHOCTH 
Ha MOWBY H OpyAif MpOHSBOACTBA HCUesHETh COBCBM’, YIOIOBHOC BO8- 


*) Tamb-xe, crp. 348—366. 


COBVEMEHHAA WOPHCHPYAEHOIA. 35 


MesAie OyxeTh 3aMBHeHO BOCHUTaHieML. Ad HHOTO OpaBa kaKd OysTO 
He ocTaeTca MbcTa Bb OOMleCTBeHHOMS cTpob 6yxzymaro **). 

«Besapapaniiy Hxeaxb TBXb MAPKCHCTOBD, KOTOPHe pHe3bawTs 
efO BONPeKkM HCTHHHOMY CMBICAY H AYXY MApECHTCKOH AORTPHHH, BAe- 
yeTb 3a cOOo#, KOHeIHO, IpesBHYaHHHA UpakTuyeckia HCBLITOAH. BH- 
CTABAHOMHIA H& OCHOB&aHiIH HOBHWXS COMI@AbHNXE ycioBit mpuTssania 
poxeTapiaTa JHWaNTcs, TaKAMDb OOpasom’b, BCefl MODIH MpaBOBLIXD 
TpeHoBaHii H HHCXOJATS Ha NoxOmeHie SKOHOMBYCCEHXE H NOAMTH- 
WeCKHXE JOMOTaTeALCTB. OAH TepAWTS BCH euAY BleHHOH mpaBoBok 
060209KH H BeCb ABTOPHTeTh OesycaoBHnaro, He AOMyckawmaro BOspa- 
xeHif Upasoupatasania. OHA NOAOMATEIbHO OCAAOASWTCH, OAarolaps 
marTkol ufeosorid okOHOMBYaCKOH mbrecooOpasHocTaz, XoTa OH H OC- 
HOBAHHOH sa HeHsObRHOCTH cCOniaibHaro mpouecca. Camas 6opn6a 
O6oHACHHEIXE Hw GesHacrbyHHXb MOAyIWAeTL XapakTepb He Npucymek 
ef n0 camo rposHo# upapoxb «Oopp6n sa mpaBo>, a dakTuqecKkol 
CXBATKH, BBIHOH MpoOW CHFb, DOCTOAHHO oOsHpawmeiica Hasayh, He- 
yebpenHol Bb kateropayecko# curb cBOHX®S AOSYHTOBb HW UpuTasanil... 
ToabKoO Koraa padouil RIacch cO3HaeTh, KARB UpPaBo, CBOH OCHOBHHIA 
TpedoBaHis, KOTAa ipaROBas AeONOTiA CTAHETL 4ACTbW eFO comiatb- 
Haro Hieaia, H Opaso OyxeTS MepeHeceHo AM‘, Kakb OprannsallionHHl 
MOMCHTS, Bb ero 6ylymee, cBOOoMHOS OT BCAKAO IPHHYRAeHIA OOmIe- 
CTBO,—TOIbBKO TOFM& NOAYIATH SaBepMieHie BeAHKad OopbOa 3a SEOHO- 
MHYECKYH CBOOOLY, a HOBOe UpaBo MOObAOHOCHO cMBHHTH Cobo o- 
PuiaibHoe UpHHyRAesie COBpeMeHHOCTH. 

To, vero He cybiasm comiaiacTH, ONO NpeAMpHAATO ASROTOPHMH 
HaH6O1be YYTRHMH WPHCTAMH, IpeACTABIAWONHMA Cobo UBATS WbMeL- 
Karo paBoBoro MBIUAeHia. Ognaco 3xbcb Ons usOpanb yxe 0Ox0I- 
Hii yTb. Kakb Mi SHaeMS, TIABHBADIAMS pesyxAbTAaTOM) MOTAoMeHia 
€CTCCTBEHHAO paBa TocyxapcTBom> OAC cHaOmeHie <IpaBa» 01H- 
Heficko# samurtoti, cy;e6HLME Upanyxseniems. HopMb, KOTOPHA pease 
IIPeACTABISAHCh OOABATOABHHIMH BCABAcTBIe TOTO, ITO OHB ABAAWTCA 
HOdSMBHALIWE 3aKOHOME PasyMa H UPBPOAH, Tellepb MOAYIHIH HOBYW 
TapanTi, KOTOpad okasaazach sbicrsuTerpybe ctapok. Bs cosnanixz 
apjeH yYacTORS CcTarb HeH3M'BHANMS CIYTHHKOMDS papa, Madar, cy- 
xeOunfi UpAcTaBh H noauMeticxii—neoOxOJHMHMH aTTpHOyTaMH WpH- 
Auyecnaro sakoHa. MH Bb uponecch o6omecTBiesia pasIHIHhIXh CyBe- 
PeHHTETOBL CaKO MpaBO NpHHasAO ckOpo cBoeObpasani oTTbHoKS. II pz- 
HATOC Ha OHO FOCyAapcTBa, OHO CKOPO COBCBMB 3a6HA0 0 CBOeH CBO- 
GoxgoH poyHHsb BD pasymHol npupog”s A cTa1o WpaBOMb NOTOMY, ITO 
TAEb XO¥CTE BAaCTb. HcTecTBeHHO, 4TO Y STOO Upaba SACMCHTh BHY- 
TpeHHel oOOasaTeAbHOCTH, ZOOPOBOIbHAarO COBHaTewbHAarO MOAUBHEHIA H 
oOmectBeHHoH canknia cKopo BHBbTpHica nowTH coBcbawy. lojo6Ho 
TOMY, KaKb 0 Teopiu 3oMa epkOBHad <«HpaBCTBeHHOCTE» (BbpHBE 


*) H. Yepaumest, Mamataaaq knuxka MapKcucta, C. Herep6yprs, 1906 r., 
crp. XX—XXI. 3° 


36 M PEHCHEPD. 


1paBo) CMBHHIACh BNOCIBACTBIH DepKOBHHIME paBoMs (BbpH be, IpA- 
HyHJeHieMb)—TOWHO Tak Ke H WpaBo saOHA0 UpHCyMyw eMy UO yT- 
BepmieHiio Korepa «OomecTBeHHY!O» IPHPOY H BHIPOLMAOCh BB rpy6oe 
' TOCYAapcTBeHHOCe HacHuie. | 

Jo kKakoH cTenenH jOMAa oTa YAHBATeIbHad abeppania MBEICHE, 
NOKAShIBaeTbh XOTA OH DIMPOKaA paciipocrpaneHHOCTs HW OOMeNpPAsHaH- 
HOCTL ONpeAbIeHIA NpaBa ASB TocyxapcTBesHaro NpHHyRLenia. UM jame- 
TaKOH BesHEOIbUHHH KpATHIeCKi yMb, KAR sHaMeHHTHH JepHurs, 
He CMOTpa Ha& UpasHanie, 4TO MpaBO He MOMETL CYMECTBOBATb- 
Oe8b BHYTpenHeli OCHOBH! Bb YeAOBBKS, BHIBEAD BCI eFO OOssaTeIb- 
HOCTH 3b FOCyAapCTBeHHAarO UPHHYRACHIA, TAKS 4YTO paso ABAACTCH 
Y HerO IHUIb «FOCYAapCcTBeHREIMDS MCXAHM3MOMD JIa ube Bons0MeHis 
IIPH3HAaHHHXb YTOCYAApCTBOME BOOoOmMe — cabsOBaTeIbHO H AIH Hero 
caMOro OOs8aTeIbHHXt—HOpMD UpHHygzenia». YBIeVHHHI TAaKHM'S. 
OTOMCCTBICHieMh paBa H rocysapcTBeHHOK MomU, lepHHrs Jame HpaB- 
CTBEHHOCTh OTKASLIBACTCA NOHHMATh HHade, KARL Upunymyenie obme- 
cTBeHHoe. UM, ecau, Cb OHOH CTOPOHH, «He CyMecTByeTh A1a Hach TOTS 
3aKOHb, KOTOPHH Hach He BHAHTb, &@ eFO pyka He DpocTupaerca 
Kaibme ero rlasb», TO, Cb Apyrof CTOPOHH, H MOPadb, SaBblywmMad I0- 
OOBbW H Apyx6oH, aecTbIO H JOATOMS, BeAHKOAYWiemb uw OxarOpor- 
CTBOMB, «H@€ MOMeTL O€3b NPHHYRACHIA BHUMOAHATL Ha 8eMAB CBOeTO 
Ipuspahia». PasHala Meaty UpaBoMb H MOpadIbW ABO HalOMBHAeTD 
HaMb 8XBCh TO pasiHyie, KOTOPOe ME BABIN BL UpocBbmexHoH pe- 
CHOTIH MexY UpaBoMb H perurie: kyfa He XBaTaeTD rocylapcTBeHHHR 
6H4b, TY1a MpoHHkaeTD Oombe TOHKOe w THOKOe OOMeCTBeEHHOe UpH- 
Hyaxsenic. IipHanuns 6uya ocTaeTCa, OMHaAKO, OMHHS AX TOT Ke, KABb- 
CYMecTBCHHHH IPH8Hakb COUaIbHarO HOPMAaTHBA *). 

OromecTBiewie UpaBa H CHIH co BpemMeHS JepuHra cyrbiat0ch 
TOCHOACTBYWMIHMS BE lWpasayeckoH auteparyphb. Tpyaqxo mpexcraBuTs. 
ce6b, Kakoro HeOObATHATO pacipocTpaHeHia OCTHrAO eTO NO Cyme- 
CTBY SescMbicaeHHOe ONpexbaeHie, cb KakOH GespOnOTHOCThW OHO OBLEO- 
IIpHHATO BCBMH Jpy3baMH U BparaMH COBpeMeHHAarO rocysapcrBa. 
Vimenemt papa ObIb Ha3BaHb TOT HaCHAbCTBeHHHH BOAMeORHH 
PHYarb, KROTOPHME AYMA1H MpOHsBeCTH YIHBHTeAbH BMA YyMeCa BCA- 
yeckoH noamTHEH. Tb, ETO JepxaaH ero BB pPykaxt, cuHTaIn cebs 
MOHONOIBHHIMb HCTOGHHEOMS BCeH ComladbHOH HOPMHPOBEA, Jpyrie, 
KOTOPHe CTPeMHIHCh CTO 8AXBaTHTb, KelaiH salpey NpH ero DOMONmTR 
NpHHyxJeHie Bb CBOW UapTiifywH kOsecHHny. Bsuysfasanf <odme- 
CTBCHHHIMD O1aToMb», TOCYapcTBeHHH Jlepiaeanb cTalb e{HHHMS. 
OO1alaTeleMb WpaBa, UpesMeTOMS saBucTa H GopLOn dopHhmaxcs 
K1accoBh, OpraHHsalii w rpyonb. HeyAuBHTeIbHO, 4TO UpaBo ckOpe 
OKOHYATCIbHO HHKOPMOPNpOBatoch rocyjapcrBomh; locud@s Ieuan 
yke He HHave ONpeAbASIb eFO, KAR «OpaBslO JA DoBesenia rocy— 





*) Ihering, Der Zweck im Recht, Leipzig 1884, Band I], 10—11, Band I, 
435, 498, B. II, 19, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 180-183. 


COBPEMEHHAA FOPHCIPYIEHMIS. 37 


ZapcTsa»... Ks oTWBAbHHMS JHWAMS 10 sTOH Teopin MORETS ONTD 
UPOAbABACHO AHUIS TpedoBanie <MOpaaH». Heuyero # TOBOPHTb, 4TO 
MOPAAb OFASAHACh HEpasAyIHOH cb NpHHyRAeHiems... **). 

BHO BIOAHS eCCTECTBEHHO, ITO Bb TAKOMS CHALHOMD LOCyAapcrTBs, 
xakb Poccia, Cb TAaKRHMb [POMAIHHMD DepeBhcoMb «NPHAyRJeHiA» Bb 
TOXHTHYeCKOH Ku3HH, Teopia lepHHra, Teopia npHAyxseHia NoAyIHIAa 
upesBhyainoe pasBuTie. SxbCch Cb T&aEKHMb UpaBOBbpHHMD Upes- 
CTABHTCACMS PYCCKOH <TOCyAapCTBEHHOCTH», KARG PeHHeHEAaMIS, BCTPB- 
gaetca BB OOmei teopia Mypommest, a UnvepHay npoTaraBaeTh 
pyky Baaxumips Coxzosbesd. [panya, neppwe 7Ba MHICAMTeIA NpH- 
SHAaNTb, G6esb axbAbHOIHXD pascympeHifi, «BHBMIHWH CHAY» HAH 
<OpraHHSOBaHAYW SallsTy» CYMeCTBEHHHIMS MpHsHakOM® Upasa. u- 
YepHHD 4 COAOBLEBS UPHHYANTCALHOCTLD cHAaOKaWTS OUpesbAcHHOe 
MaTepiaibHoe cogepsanie. OfHAKO CYMIHOCTh OCTaeTCaA OAHA H TA Re, 
OH& MAiO MBHACTCH OTS TOrO, TO UnvepHHS Bb paMEH «opMalb- 
Har0», «<IPHHYAUTeAbHArO» 8aKOHA BEAALLIBACTS, Kak 8eCpHO, «BH SMAWK 
cpoOoxY WexOBbKAa, ONPexbAAeMy!o OOMHMS 3akOHOMB»., a BaaruMipr 
COAOBbEBb XAPAKTEPH3YeTS MpaBo, KAKb <UPHHYANTeIbHOe TpeOoBaHie 
peaxHsali olpeybseHHarO MHHHMAABHATO AOOpa WAH NOpsAKa, He 
AOUYCRAWMAarO A3BBCTHHXD UposBleHiff sza». Uto 70 Toro? Broxzaqu- 
sacMbi IpHHymeniemb, «Hust UpexbIb HAM ONperbaeHHnH MHHH- 
MYM HDABCTBOHHOCTH> HHYBMD He OTIMGACTCA OT <Npelyupempenia» 
Thwb Xe OHIOME «PHSHYECKHXS CTOIRHOBeHIH MemIy AnTaMa». Kak 
SABCb, TAKS WH TaMb BHCIIEMS HAYaIOMD OCTAeTCA PCEHHEHKAMMOBCKOe 
UpHAyAeHIe, KOTOPOe TOE CIPeMHTCA <ONpPEAbAUTS H OXPAHHTS OTHO- 
menia OOMeHTIA AIH AOCTHReHiA pPasyMHHXS bre obmecTBa H 
WexOBbEa» ***),,, 

Opria cHaH, saw bumemteli mpaBo Bb Teopid ToOpeecTByNMMaro [o- 
CYHApcTBa, 8ACTABHAa MHOFAXb, NOBTOPAW, HaHOoabe 4yTRHX, Mper- 
CTaBATexeH WPHCUPYACHIUIH HCKATb CaceHia OTB rposamet co cTOpOHH 
TOCYASpcTBeHHaro abcolwWTusMa ONacHocTu. JepxaBmiaca 70 nocrbanet 
JIOPH Ha eCTECTBCHHO-1paBOBOM’ O60cHOBAHIH: CBO6O,a COBBCTH, CBO6OTa 
C1088, CBO60Ra HayiHaro yObmreHia, KaBaxOCh, NOMBepradHch cepbesHoh 
yrpo3sb, orbro Bb upaBoBoH kocTWOM’S BceobbewsMeH NoAMTHIeCKOH 
momyu. VW BOTS MH BHJHM, Kakb PemnKch Jlanb ycrpansers 503- 
MORHOCTL IIPOTHBOPBIA MeRIY UpAaBOMb H MOPAILH pA NoMomn 
cTaparoO pasrpaHHieHid MeXAY BHBUHHME H BHYTPCHHHME MipOMs. 
IipexocraBasa pasy ubivkOMD oepsut, Jlanb WbIHEOMD ABbEMIeTH 

*) Schein. Unsere Rechtsphilosophie und Jurisprudenz, Berlin. 1889, 


erp. 59—61. 

**) Pennenkaunds, 0 upaspb H HpaBCTBeHHOCTH H HXb B8AaHMHOMS OTHO- 
mein, 1859 r. (erababawa oTtacKs) cTp. 17. Ogepxu wpHandeckoA 9HTH- 
xuouewsia, Kies, 1880 r. ctp. 28, 35, 86.—Mypomuness, Onpexbaeuie u ocHoB- 
goe pasbaenie upasa, Mocxssa, 1879 r., erp. 166, 167, 171, 172, 178, 175, 178,— 
Yauvepuat, Punocodia upasa, Mocxsa 1900 r., crp. 84, 88, 89, 90,--B. Co- 
aoBBesb, Onpasganio Zo6pa, Co6. 1897 r., crp. 495—498. 





38 Me PEHCHEP &. 


Hb eFO BBAOMCTBA BTOpOH H OObeIMHAeTE O68 Hadyaia JHDIb «Bb 
BHcmeH oOmHOCTH MOTHBOBB». Emy cabayers [pr6eph, xoropnii 
OCHOBHCH IPHS8HakKb UpaBa BAJHTS Bb erO BHBIIHEMD XapakTeps, 
TOrMa Kakb Kb MOPAIH SABKOMB OTHOCHTb O061aCTb «BHYTPeHHATO 
COOTBBTCTBIA» YeOBBRA NOCTABACHHHIMbR HM COMHMB «HTealaM'b>». 
Jlaccons Jaerh noxpodnbiimee onperbsenie o6sactu abictBia <BAbu- 
HATO» UpaBa H «BHYTpeHHeit» APaBCTBEHHOCTH, IPH YeMb DepRoMy, 00- 
CKOILEY OHO CONPOBOMAAcTCA UPAHYAKAeHieMb, OTBOANTCA TOABKO OFCHE 
ThCHHH Kpyrb CaMHIXb HeOOXOMUMEIXS ONperbrenifi MaxcumymMa paB 
H MHHEMYyMa OrpaHAyenié: «de internis non judicat praetor, cogitati- 
onis poenam nemo patiturs *)! 

OjHakO NMOMOOHHA pasIH4eHiA CAHDIKOMD CAaOW TeopeTyyeckH # 
MAIONSHEH MpPpakTHYeCKH, YTOOH OHH MOTAH YXOBIETBROPUTS NoTpeb- 
HOCTAMD HaspbBalwmaro couialbHaro CTpOs, H BOTL MBI BHABM, Kakb 
Whinh PANG BHAAWMAXCH YICHHXh WoOpamaeTS COW8b UpaBa H TOcy- 
JapcTBa Bb OHOM' B8b CTO CaMHXb YYBCTBUTCABHHIXS MYHETOBL — 
Bb OTOMECTBIEHIH WpaBa 4 UpanyxRienia. Yae y Bupzunra qwtTaewb 
MbI BOJHKOIBIHEIA CTPOKH, OOHAPYRABAWHOIIA BCH OC8CMHICACHHOCTS NpaBa, 
HWocTpoeHHaro Ha cHEb. «IlpaBo pbaaeTb TOIBKO OTHOCHTeIbHO Ca- 
MOrO JOJHCHCTROBAHIA». «II PHHYAMTeIbHOe IpuM'’bHeHie ero He eCTb 
OCHOBHOH, NepBOHaaIbHHH MpvsHakb WpaBa, HO TOIbKO H'SITO, ecTe- 
CTBCHHO BHITeKAWMee HSb CFO CYMHOCTH». 

IIpapy UpHcynla ToTpeOHocTb ero ocyniecTBleHiA, «HO U3b sTOH 
NOTpeOHOCTH He BHTekaeTS elle HelocpexcTBeHHO MoTpe6HOcTh pH- 
HyRJeHig». Bb o6xacTH wxealOBbh OObeAMHAWTCA paso H HpaB- 
CTBCHHOCTL, KOTOPHA PasIHYaWTCA TOIBKO TBMb, 4TO TepBoe Mpesqna- 
SHaweHO Jaa WbHcTBIS, BTOpad we JIA BHYTpeHHeH RHsHH YeIOBbEA. 
Bcb 9TH HOPMH UOAyWaWTh CHIY AHN OlarolapA TOMY, 3TO Bb 
OCHOBS HXD JemRHTE NpPusHanie cO CTOPOHH YeroBbuecko# BOA, UpH- 
sHaHie ecTb OCHOBa pasa. Bs teopin Bupausra npaso pascraeTca 
Ch TocyfapcTBOMS H Bb CBOOOLHOMS NpusHanin yexOBbEa wMeTE ceOb 
OnopH *). 

Eme 6orbe pbuatresbHo cTaBuTb BuaBaHrh UpunyaRsenie Ha cBOH- 
CTBeHHOe eMY XamcKOe MBCTO. <Bcsak0e BLIHYKACHHOe ACHOAHeHIe —9TO 
TOABKO rpyOnii cypporaTb TOro, ITO MOMeTS TpehoBaTh yupaBoMoyeH - 
HHH—BbB HEM OTCYTCTBYCTh MOMCHTS OOpoBOAbHOcTH. Bb sTOMS 
CMLICAS MOHHO s8allHllaTh MapagOkch, ITO UpHHyaReHie ecTh abco- 
HHOTHO HeTOAHOG CpeACTBO AIA OCyMecTBAeHIA UpaBa... TorbkRO Bb MO- 
cxbanei ayer oOpamaerca 3akOHb KB OTOH unnin... Braropoawoe 
IIpaBo CTHAATCA HeOAarOpomwaro UPHHYAeHis, OAHAKO CABIIKOML Ga- 


*) Dahn, Bausteine, 4, 1. Rechtsphilosophische Studien, Berlin, 1883, erp. 
36, 803, 301, 34, 35, 305, 126. Grueber, Einfiihrung in die Rechtswissenschaft 
(Birkmeyers Encyklopidie), Berlin, 1901, ctp. 16~-18. Lasson, System der Rechts- 
philosophie, Berlin, 1882, crp. 198—199, 201, 202 —208. 

*) Bierling, Zur Kritik der juristischen Grundbegriffe, Gotha, 1877, T. J. 
erp. 140—170. 


COBPEMEHHAS WPHCIIPYIRAUIA. 39 


cTO Hy#aeTca Bb ero nomomHu. Upaso nosTomy umlers IpHHyxpeHis, 
KOTOpoe WaeTh OMY CHAY UpOTHBS conpoTuBsAwmetica momu. Ho 
opaBO, UPHHHMad yCcayrH UpwHyajenias, oOxaropamunaerh ere Thu, 
4r0 peryaupyeTs (opMH ero UpaMbueHia, a Bb Oxaro_apHOcTS 8a ero 
YCHYTH OHO, Kakb BCAEIH OoAbMIOH OapHAb, NOKPHBaeTb ero cAabocrTH. 
Mu Ox8akO OepeMb poy cb POsOBH MpHHyRAeHIA ero nobbzuHt 
BBHOKB H He crbcHsemca ero Ooxbe... H He Bb kayecTBh BCeMOry- 
Maro, WpeBosMOrawWMaro BCHKOG CONPOTHBAeHIe TOpAaro TasaqHHA CKO- 
ero KOPOAH, HO Kakb X01008, KROTOPHH Bb CHAY MCTHHHOK xoroncKOH 
IPHPOAH He MOKCTh KHTS Oe8b TOCUOAEHA... HHAYe OBB ceflyach xe 
3aHOCHTCA H OOBMaeTS OeskoHeTHO Sorbie, YhME MOMeTh CHEpRAtTE... 
Ob He AOCTOHHD H HE CHOCcObeHS OpHOABSHTBCA KS THM BepIE- 
HaM’b, 1B WapcTBYWTE HavOorbe AAeatbHhA, AWDICHHHA BCARALU IpH- 
HyaAeHiA OO88aHHOCTH H papa...» «YmacHO HacHxie Aame Bh CIpa- 
BeAIHBOMD 'bxB!..» *). 

IiocxB Toro, kakt BaHAHATS BHBeAD Bb AAKOHCEYH NUPHCTABIEH- 
HarO KB WpaBy rocyxapcTsenHaro ApadanTa 4 OpaBO OkaBaXOCh Mpe- 
AOCTABICHHHME 110 CBOEMY CYMecTBY AOOPOBOALHOMYy MpHsHAaHiW Hu 
NOAWHHEHIW WIOBbKA, OCTABBICA OHA TOALKO Walb TIF TOLO, YOO Bb 
caMOMb UpaBb, Bb eYO «aBTOpHTeTHOH opm», Bb ero <G6esycs0B- 
HHXE Olper’bleniaxt yerOBbieckOH BOAH» HCKATS CTO OCHOBHOFO IpH- 
SHaKka, a Bb NCHXHRB yexOBbKAa, Bb «HeNOLIemaMleMhb JaibEbememy 
ascaBAOBaHIW yObRAeHin» HCKkATh «ero MOTHBApPyHMek cHAn». Ilep- 
Boe crbaairt Tupre, sropoe Hasnnens. OctrasoBuMca Oamwke Ha TeOpiH 
HOceBUHATO. SFbcb «<NocaABAHHMS OCHOBAHICMS BCARATO pasa» pH- 
3HaeTCH YR «HH OTS Fero Aawbe HeMpousBOAHMOe yObRZeHIe Bb ero 
NXBHCTBHTeCABHOCTH, CTO HOPMATHBHOH, MOTHBEpYloueh curb». «BeaKoe 
UpaBoO» CTAaHOBHTCA «BOSMORHHIMS TOIbKO IPH Upeqnoromenin», TO 
MHI CIIOCOOHH cosHaBaTb ce6a «0688aHHEIMA, Oxaroxapsx Thm Tpebo- 
BaHiaM'b, OOpanleHHHMS Kb Hale BHYyTpeHHe# Bob, coxepmanie kO- 
TOPHX H8bSTO OTh CyObEKTHBHATO Npo“sBola». Bb ocHoBaHin 
UpaBa ACKATH «<NCHXHYECKH STHYECKAA CHOCOOHOCTD BOIH ONITh CBA- 
3aHHOH MOCpeCTBOMB HOpM’b», H OlarofapaA STOMY CaM Upomecch 
o6pasonania UpaBa CTAHOBATCH Bb 3HATHTeAbHOH CTeMeHH HesaBHCH- 
MHME OTb YoCcylapcTBeEHHAarO S8AaKOHOLATeABCTBA: TOABKO KYAbTYPHOE 
«<yObuepenie> Haposa pbmMaeTh OKOHYATeABHO BOUPOCS OTHOCHTCIBHO 
TOrO, <bHCTBHTCABHO 1H OOAALACTE XapakTepOMb HOPMEI TO, ITO 8a- 
SBESCTE HA STO IPHTAsanie». AICHO OTCHAa, ITO, He ONHpasch Oorbe 
Ha YOCYAaPCTBeHHOS IpPHAyReHie, 1paBo HNleTS ceOb HOBHIX, Hesa- 
BHCHMHIXS OTB rocylapcTBa rapanTif, H BL STOMb KAaYyeCTBB BHICTY- 
WawTh «BeIwkiA HCTOPH4eCKIA CHIN: PeHTid, HpaBW, oOOmecTBeHHag 
HPABCTBCHHOCTS... BCA COBORYNHOCTS KYABTYPHHXD CHIb H COBMAHHHXB 
HMB 6BHTepecoBh 4 paciienenifi; osTH CHIH Bb OKOHYATOILHOMD 





“) Binding, Die Normen nnd ihre Uebertretung, B. [., Leipzig, 1890. 
Anhang der Rechtszwang, crp. 493, 495, 504. 


40 M PERCH EP BS. 


cyeTh ORasblBaWTCA CaMbIMb TBEPALIMDE «OOesieyeHiemb» AbACTBHTeIb- 
HOCTH npaBa». Bubcrb cb ThMb TOcyAapcTBO AMMaercs cBOeH MOHO- 
TOAbHOH Henorpbinumoctu. TocyzapcTBo Momerh cOBepMaTb He IpaBo— 
Jus iniquum —OHO MOKeTb 310yNOTpe6iATS UpaBOBHIMH HOPMAMH, OHO MO- 
HOTh H8LaBaTb 8aKOHH, KOTOPHe COrAacHO HHIHSIAEMY NpaBoBossp HIN 
IPOTHBOPBiaTh UPH8HAHHHIMD OCHOBAHMD 8akOHaM’ Npasa... Haobo- 
pOTb, @HTHTOCYAapcTBeHHOe peBOINMIOHHOe ABAKeHie MOKETh OKa- 
BaTbCA HOCHTCACME UpaBbaro MmpaBa—jUs aequum—<«akTS NpaBOBOTO 
TBOPYECTBA MOMETH COfepRaTh BS ceOb akTb Hapymenia upaBa» **). 
{Ipapo oTOpBaJoch OTB rocyzapcTBa. Bosspamwensoe kb cBBTAHMS 
BHCOTAaME CBOOOAHATO, AMMIeHHATO BCAKATO IpHHyxkseHia sakoHna, 06- 
HOBICHHOG BL yObRIeHin YelOBbKA, OHO CTaqO, 10 ClOBaMS IJxBN6a- 
xepa, HopMoi, KoTOpad TOIbKO NOTOMY HMbeTh RUBHb A BHAYEHIe, ITO 
Bb OCHOBB ef JAeCKHTH xRelanie, iTOOH Ona OHTA FhACTBHTeABHA, 
YTOOH eX ONpexbAsIOch mopexenie role aw IPH TOM Bb BUNS He- 
ipembuHaro, BCBXS OXBATHBaWUlaro 3aKk0Ha... *). 
IIpaso oTopBadoch OTB rocyxaperBa, mB OHO HalixeTh HOBYIO 
powaHy? 


Il. 


Usyanie HoBaro rpaxklanckaro yaomenia 118 Tepmaninx 6n40 ThMD 
NOCIBAHAME TOAYKOMS, KOTOpH 7o KpanocTu O6OcTpHIb BOUpOCS oO 
sayaiaxb WpHCUpyAeHmin A Opasa. CocTaBieHHHi NwpHCTaMA-orMa- 
THKAMH, UPOCKTh NpOHsbeNb CaMOe TATOCTHOS BleyaTIbAie Ha 8aHHTe- 
peconaHHiie KpyrH. [loxnas weciocoOHOcTb ToAKOBaTeleH 3akOHa Eb 
CO34aHi0O HOBRIXS, TpeOyeMbIXh BpeMeHeM, HOPMD, GOesnOMONIHOCTD, 
Cb KOTOpOH oOHGHaa HHTepnperania BCTpPbrasa BaKHbiwig npoOreME 
COMaibHOH MOAMTHEH, NO1HOe HeNOHHMaHie sazaq, Hu bleh Npapa 
Bb XO3SHCTBCHHOMS OpraHnsMb CTpawH—Bce STO BEIsBaIO HacToAMee 
oT¥adHie Bh cepAIrb CO8HATCABHHIXD IpescraBuTexeh repMaBCEaro 
oOmecrTRa. 

HbMOH H He 3aMBTHAH, KARS TOCA BEIHEHXD 0066S, NOAOREH- 
HBIXb Bb OCHOBY eAHHOH uMUepin, pagopan, AOTMATHGeCKaA OpACApy- 
CHUA OOpaTHAach Bb HACTOADLYIO CXONACTHEY, OKYTABIIyYO CBOHMH 
HHTAMH BCB riaBable DeHTph iupaBoBoH macau. CEIOHHHe BOObOMe Eb 
UKIIA saMOpomeHHaro TOpALKA Mpodeccopa w MpakTHRU-pHCTH 
OTMaIHCh WBIKKOME WhAy POPMYAIUPOBKH, TOAKOBAHIA, pasbaAcHenia H 
H3y4eHia BHPb3aHHHXb MeYOMR Bucmapka craTe# xbicrByomlaro 3a- 
KOHa MH Jame Bh OORacTh NyOAMGHArO UpaBa CYMBAH BBECTH JYXb 


*) Gierke, Deutsches Privatrecht, Leipzig, 1895, B. 1, crp. 113, 
114, 115. —Jellinek, Allgemeine Staatslehre, B.I., Berliz, 1900, crp. 334, 321, 
322, 720, 721, 835, 336, cpasH. ero-xe. Gesetz und Verordnung, 240. Cp. BB 
HOBOME H3fanin Allgemeine Staatslehre, crp. 326 u c1by. 

**) Eltzbacher, Ueber Rechtsbegriffe. Berlin, 1900, crp. 2732. CpaBu. ero-me 
Anarhismus (1900 r.), cTp. 22 w crbo. 











CUBPEMEHHAS MPHCIPYAEANIA. 41 


HAHCTepCROH PYTHHH, CxBNOTO AOKTPAHEpcTBa H HeDOcTHRuMOH y30- 
CTH. 3& HCKENUCHIOME YEASAaHHHXb MHOH REMe TeyeHift BCH Macca 
PSAOBOH WPHCHPYACHUIA THATeCABHO OTMEMEBAAACL OT NOAHOH cobAas- 
HOB NOAHTHUeCCKOH HCTOPIH, COMiatbHaro OnTa, H3yeHIA KAaCCOBOR 
H Uaprifino H8HH H Ch TBMD OOMDMEMS PBeHIeEMD OTIAsach BbYI- 
HOMY H&HHSHBaHIW HOBHXS UpaBOBNXb Oycb wa cTapnNa HHTH. Kaki 
cipaBeiaHBo 8aMBbTHxb AHTOHD Menreps BB cBOeH EPATHE'S mpoexTa 
repMaHcKaro yaoxeHia *): «<60--70 abrb Bb wWhMenKOH HayKb upaBe 
rOCHOACTBOBAAb DOYTH SOesycA1OBHHH OPHHDHIS aBTOpHTeTa, Oblaa 38a- 
raymeHa BCAHEAaH KEPHTHKA cymlecTBywmaro. Yero me MORHO OWA 
OKHaTb Doce sTOTO OTS CocTaBHTexzeH rpaR{aHCKaro YAOReHIA, KAS 
H@ H3BACVCHIA H3b DABACKTS, pasibxeHHAarO 0 Naparpadams? Haya, 
IPOHHEHYTad BBpOH BL ABTOPHTETS, MORETS, KOHCIHO, YAOBACTBOPATS 
HOTpeOHOCTAMB MeXKAO Hayywnaro O6nxOJa, HO AIM pbmenix BesH- 
KHXE 3afaub eH, upemaze Bcero, HeOOxo,uMS cBOOOABNH EpHTHYecKif 
AYXb UO OTHOMeCHID KB CYMECTSYOMEMS MHBHIAMD A YIpPeRACHiAM D>. 
HM, kab nogrsepayzaeTh Hosropognesh, roxoct Menrepa He TOXbKO 
HO ObITb CXHHHYANMD, HO RB HeMY OpucoequnwAca buh pars H'B- 
MCITKHXD YUCHHXS, OCTABIUHXCA MUBHMH cCpelH OOmaro MepTBArO 
noas **), 

A MexAY TBNb BONpOCh 006 H3MaHiH «yAORenia», oTOH rpamau- 
CKOH KOHCTATYDIA BeIHEOH HHAYCTpiaAbHOH AepRaBw, TOABKO pasop- 
Barb Tepex® raasamMa oOmlecTBa sacTHdawmMmit hACTBHTeIbHOCTh TY- 
MaHB HeBbRecTBA H OAHBOPYKOCTH. 3a THM TYMAHOMD JABHO yxe 
BHICHXHOCh HOBOG MipoBOe ABAeHie, WOAHOe ABHeHia H OopbOw. HK» 
XX BbEY <TpeTbe cocaoOBie DOCTeNeHHO AOCTHTAO NOABTHYECEH pbila- 
romeH POH H DOAOMeHIA BKOHOMHYECKALO BKCOAyaTaTopa, mpoBosraza- 
CHBIaro O62arolapaA CBOeMY TOCIIOACTBY MopMaAbHyW CBOOOLY, HO UpH- 
Beqmaro Kb XosaiicTBeHHOMy Nopadomenilo pabowmxs. YUerseptoe co- 
cxOBie, KAacCbh pabOTHHKOB CTPeMATCA Kb OCBOOORICHIN HBb ITOTO 
SKOHOMHUECKALO pabcTBA, CTPCMHTCH DOM KPACHHIME 3HAMCHEMS KOMMY- 
HHsMa H COMagzH3Ma... Mil cTOHMS Teleph Heperb HOBOK rpansiosHol 
IrbiibW PasBHTig. OJHAKO BH HCTOPHYeCKOH sBONWDIA He MPOHCXOJATB 
PAAHEAAbHALO PABSPHIBA CTAPHLX’b H HeEMOCpeACTBEHHALO HATATHBAHIA HO- 
BHX>E HuTei; HANPOTHBL, HapoORAAeTca WepexojHoe uoAoRMeHle, Bb KO- 
TOPOMB foliach Bb kKpayamel AucrapMoHiv sBcTpbyawTca nocrbs- 
Hie. OCTATEH .CTaparo HC¥esalolaro Hepioda H HepBhe HavaTKH 
HoBaro crpos. Ilpupoyza He yhiaeTh ckaykosb — natura non facit 
saltus. H Mn elle HBCMB BL ONHOMh 3b TakAXh Depexo,HHXb 
nepioj0Bh, KOTOPHA TOKasHBaeTh BCS CHMOTOMH BHMAPAHIA CraphXxb 
H 3a49aTiA HOBHX® ule» ***). 


—— —_——— 





*) Das Biirgerliche Recht und die Besitzlosen Volksklasse. 1890. 

**) Takosn: Odneps. Hefikamns, Bionont, JI. Capnuba u ap., cm. II. Hos- 
ropoanenb. HpascrseHawA HealHsMh Bb pHA0copin upaBa, Bb .ll[poOmemaxs 
Hyeamuema“. Mocksa, 1903 r., crp. 242 H cu. 

***) Berolzheimer, System der; Rechts-und Wirtschaftsphilosophie. B. . 
Die Kalturstuffen. Miinchen, 1905, crp. 483, § 52. Der Moderne Klassenstaat. 


42 M PEHCHEP bh. 


AHTOHSD Menrept, OHH 48> HanOorbe pbUnTeOALHHIXt — Bub- 
cTb cb [etpaxHokHMb—KDPHTHKOBD @HTA-CconiaxbHaro H O6e3,ymHBaro 
Ipoesta «<yJomeHia», CMOl BIIBHHYTb UBAYH UpOrpaMMy HOBHIXS 
«IpaBh», TpeOyeMHIXb <BelHkOH oMaHcunanieh kzaccoph». Bs tpext 
OCHOBHHXS (OPMYIAXb BHPAsHI'S O'S OCHOBHHIA TpeOoBaHia BCTYNHB- 
Mato Bb XH8Hb WeTBepTaro K1acca. JTO—MpaBo Ha NOAH IPOLYERTS 
Tpyyxa, UpaBo Ha CyMlecTBoBaHie Hu, Bb kayecTBB NepexogHo# crazin, 
mpaso Ha Tpyib. «Mzeaab HMYMICCTBeEHHAarO OpaBa Cb sKOHOMAUeCKOH 
TOUKH sBpbHia OWTb OF AOCTHIAYTH, eciH-6H CYMecTBOBaID TpaBoBott 
NOPANOK'S, Mp KOTOPOME KawlOMy padowemy OnIb ON TapanyTHpOBaHh 
NOIHHH MIpPOAYETS ero TPyAa, a kawlanx WoTpe6HocTh osAyiasa On 
f01HOG YAOBJeTBOpenie, COpasM’BPHO Cb CYMECTBYIOMAMH CpeACTBA- 
MH>. OTOMY Hearty pbskO UpoOTHBOpbynTS crapoe HMyMecTBeHHCe 
mpaso. OHO CTaBATb Bb UpPHBEAeCrHpOBaHHOe: NOAOmeHIe OTTBALHHIXL 
nb, OOAagateteH gyacrHoH coOcTBeHHOCTH —TriaBHHMt OOpasomb Ha 
CpeACTBa MpOH8BOACTBa,—H OHH Oe38b TpyXa WOAyWaWTh AOXONb, KO- 
TOpHH OTHHMaeTCH y ApyrHxb. Hu OHO WpHAMyecKoe NeAOMeHIe He 
aeTb OTIBIBHOMY HHAMBUAY papa XoTaA 6H TOIbKO Ha Th npexMeTH 
H YCIYrH, KOTOPHE HeOOXOAMMHI WIA ero cyllecTsoBania. Copepmenno 
TOYHO NOAXOMHTS B3BSCTHAA XapakTepucrAaka Maszptyca Kb IHDaMS, 
He HM'BIONMM COOCTBEHHOCTH Ha 3emMXB: «Ko pommaetca Ha WAaners, 
Haxossmefica yxe Bh IeME-1HO0 BUabHIn, TOTB He HM'beTS UpaBa 
Ha COJepmanie, eC1H OHS HE MORETL JOOHTH CpesCTBb Kb CYMeCTBO- 
BaHilO OTS CBOHXS POMHEIXS HAM COOCTBEHAHM®S TPyAOMb; akTwye- 
CKH OHB OKaSHBaeTCH JHMIHHMS Ha seMIb. Ha 6oxbmOMh Nupme- 
CTBB IpHpPOAH AIA Hero He UpHroToBAeHO umpHOopa. Iipupogza BerzwTs 
CMY YIAIHTBCA H HE 3aMeJIAeTH IpBBeCTH CBOH Ipuakasb BB ACHOA- 
HeHie». To, ito Maastycb 3xbcb TOBOPHTS O CpecTBaxb UponutTanig, 
OTHOCHTCA Eb YAOBIETBOPEHiW BCBX’ Apyruxd noTpeOsoctes **). , 

IlocsaTuBt ceOa wpuAznyeckoH opmMyzupoBES HOBHX'S COniasABHHIX'S 
upaBb, AHTOHB Mexrept pBIIHIS IpeAcTaBHTh DOIBYH UXb CHCTeMY, 
o6o0cHORaBHY!O cb OombMOH rayOnHoH uw TOHKOCTDO. BB cBoeMb <HO- 
BOMB yueHiH 0 rocyzapcrBb», cablya oskonoMMYecKOH TeopiH co- 
Wiain3Ma, Menrepb KOHCTpyapyeTb HOBOe OTHOMeHIe Ny6aAHWHATO A 
rpaw{abckaro WpaBa, cosjaers Bb BHICMeH cTeNeaH OpHTHHaIbHy Ww 
KIAccCHuRAanIO Belle Cb TOUKH spbHiad UXb POMH Bb XossicTBeH- 
HOME OLITS, pasrpaHHIHBaeTS BUH COOcTBEHHOCTH 4 BlarbHis, yO- 
BieTBOPAWMIA TpedoBaniamb Hapomsaiometica comialbHo# cpeyH, Ha- 
KOHenS, Oorbe no_po6nHMs OOpasoms, BMD OD CiblaXb OTTO pAabbuTe, 
OcBbUIaeTh «IpaBo Ha CyMecTBOBaHie», COOTBbTCTByMmee HOBOH aw 
Beeobmek «padoyeh nopsHHocTu». Ho Menrepb ne orpanHanBaeTca 
OHHME DOCTPOeHieMh UpaBhb, KOPeCHAMHXCH BB COSHAHIH BOSHARAIO-~ 
Maro Klacca H MOAIeRAMAX OCYMECTBACHINO BL TPYAOBOMb Hapon- 


*) A. Meureps. [Ipano Ha nOnHHA NpoxyKTb Tpyyza, nuep. Byxauckaro, 
Cnu6., 1906 r., crp. 1 a carby., 6 A crba. 








COBUPEMEBHAA WPHCUPYAEBLIA. 43 


HOMS rocyAapcTBs 6yxymaro. Ocrpomy Homy coliaxbHo-WpuszHdeckKoH 
EPHTHEH MOABepraeTh OHS BCB CBAMICHHHG HHCTHTYTH COBpeMeHHATO 
<rocyJapcTBeHHaro» mpaBa. Bb kamwklOMb B85 HHXb yMBIOW pykOh 
BCEPHB@eTh OHS OCHOBHOG NpOTHBOpbyie, pasxaraiwmee BeCh CMHICIB 
WKOPHABYECKAXD KOHCTPYEUIH, H Bb KAKIOM OTABIB craparo mpaBa 
yMbeTb Halira s3epHa H HayaTEH poxjammeliica npaBosoh HOpME- 
popku. Taks coszaeTca Bb TpyIb TakaHTAHBarO WpHCTa OOpasE pa- 
SYMHAarO pe@ACKTHPOBAHHATO MpaBa, KOTOPOe ABASeTCA OHO UBB HeE- 
oOxojuM'bAMHXE cTOpORER ycTpolicrspa ayyamei Hu coBepmenHbimet 
HSBH *). 

Kt comarbaiw, Mesreph Bb OAHOMD OTHOMOHIH NOCABAOBAIS Y4a- 
CTH MHOFAxXb comiaaHcToBh: Oopach H BOWS MNPOTHBS aHapXxHsMa H 
ero HAeat0Bb, pas6HBad eCTeCTBEHHOS WpaBO 9TOHCTHYeCKAarO CTpPOH 
COBPeMCHHOCTH, OHD Bab BB KpahwocTh, KOTOPad BO MHOFHX OT- 
HOMeHIAX CepbesHO EMY NOBpeAwAa; CTapasch OITh MOZHTHBUCTOMS 
quand méme, orseprag BCaueCKIA YTODIA, OHb CaMb Bab Bb TAK- 
kOe saO1ymreHie: Ob He CYMbI NOAMBTHTL BH OPyYKalme cperb 
CHXb, CHOCOOHHXS CMBHATD HHIB'bMNHeEe NpPHHyKeHie Oesb anapxuye- 
ckaro pasBala oOOmecTBa; OH Ae SAaMBTHID ThXB NOAMTHROOOpA3 
HHXb, TOCYAapCTBEHHO-HOAOOHHXS CHA, KOTOPHA HAYTh yxe Ha- 
CMBHY allapaty gAaccogporo rocnogctsa. MW ecau J. Kotreny ygasocp 
NOAMBTHTE CpeAH COBPeCMeHHHXD NapTifi cnoeoOpasHhia TeHAeHnin, Ha- 
HPaBACHHHA Kb OCYMECTBICHIN HICH «FOCyfapCTBeHHOCTH*, 2 Y CO- 
WiakHCTOBh fae «AYXOBHOG TOCYAapcTBO» HAM «ICPKOBb» comiadtb- 
Haro cilacenia, TO HaimHexb yme cefizach co BCel MOAOMUTCALHOCTLIO 
FOCYAaPCTBOBBA2 HAaMbIZeTh HOBLIC NeATPH, EYAa CTPeMATCH ye He 
rocyapcTBeHHags, a oOmlecTBeHHad BiacTb. «IO cymecTBy cCBOeMY, 
ropopaTp J. Koltirent, seb gopmal oTHomesia oOmexsTis, HaqH- 
nas OTb cemehHol, Bb 6ombMeh IH MeHbIIeH cTelmeHH MPOHAKHYTH 
IIPHHIMNOME TOcysapcTBeHHOH opranasanin». Jlame cypepennoe 06- 
mjecTBo OyzyMlaro asxeKO He ABAKETCA OTPHNaHiemb camo rocyszap- 
CTBEHHOH HCH: «CONiaH3Mb, KAR COMIOIOTAYECKAA JOKTPHHA, HeCeTS 
cb co60m HoBOe BOsspbHie Ha TOcyzapcTBO; TOCYAapcTBO Aa Hero— 
CHHOHHME IbiecooOpasHoli, panionarbHoH opranHzanin oOmectBeu- 
HHX®S OTHOMeHI# w opm oOmeRuTia, mpusBanHot BMBCTB cb TMS 
OXpaHATE H BUCIIPOHSBOJHTL YcIOBIA, KOTOPHA ABAAWTh BOSMOKHALIMD 
camo o6mectso». WM ecan «anOepalu3Mb HHEOTa He MOTB OTPB- 
INHTBGH OTS B3lIsla Ha TOCYAApCTBO, KAKD Ha YACTO DOANMeHCKYO 
OPraHHzaliW UpHHyxXenis», & «EMOKPAaTH3Mb» WOlaradh LOCyLapcTBo 
¢BB ajeh cpoelt TakHMb Ke CBOOONHHMS COWSOMh CaMOOnperbiaw- 
DIMXCH YeXOBBICCEHXS BOA, KAES BH WOOK OOmeECTBeEHHHH const», TO 
His] CONIAIHSMA «BCH TAKECTH TOCyAApCcTBeHHOH UpoOAeME! ACHAT HE 
Bb Boupoc’ o dopmb rocylapcTBesHok RH3SAA, a Bb AeCHEHTParHsallia 





*) A. Menger, Neue Staatslehre, Jena, 1908, Cp. mow craThm Bb ,BBcTHERS 
Iipapa‘’ 38 1904 r. 002% HasBaHiems ,Hospoe [Ipaso*. 


e 
44 M. PEHRHCHEP 4b. 


HIH BB DeCHTpaiwsali es, BL BOMpocb ea pacuopexbiesia BL coni- 
@aIbHOMb KOCMOCB». ConiaJH3M'b «<CTaBHTL BBIIMe BCelO CYBCPeHHTCTh 
o6mectTBa» *). 

Bb cBoeMb uscab{0BaHin «06% HSMbHEHIN H UpeocOpasoBawi KOH- 
CTHTYM#» HaAXHHERD YaCTO AMMHPHIECKH MOATBepARAaeT, ITO TOMEMO 
HaplaMeCHTOBb K NpaBHTeIbCTBh Bb HACTOAMee BpeMA «OOHapyRHBA- 
WTCA YH COBEPMICHHO Apyrid COMAALHHA CHAN, KOTOPHA CaMHMb 
SHEPIHIHHMD OOpasoMb MOFYTb BSATb Ha CeOA BANLHTY H OCyMecTBIAe- 
Hie» «HapOAHWXb pap». «BmpaboTaica BOBHH Bub OTBATCTBEHHO- 
CTH UpaBATCIbCTBb—OTBBTCTBEHHOCTS Npel’b HAapOLOMb, MHOTOTOAOCHOe 
MabHie KoTOparo HaXOAHTS cBOe BHpamenie BL NeiaTu». Taks «pas- 
BAUach OOMECTBEAHAA OTBBTCTBEHHOCTh IipaBHTeAbCTBb, KOTOPOH UpA- 
HalleRuTs Oyazymee»... Deseway sce WHpe A Wupe pasBuBaeTca He 
YUPaBIseMad HHKAKHMDS OOBCAHAAWMIUMD DOHTPOMb H Bb 9TOMS CMEI- 
cab, Tak CKA8aTb, eCTECTBCHHO pacTyMlad opranusania Hapoga. O6- 
IecTBa H coOpania, BCAKarO pola UpesNpHAnMaTeabckie Bu pa6bouie 
COWSh, MpeACTABHTeIbCTBO HHTepecoBh Bb caMo paszHyHOH dopms... 
CO3JaWTh Bb 3aMBHb aTOMBA8HPOBaHHOH HaposHOH MaCccHl CH.1bHO Aud)- 
(epeHiHpoBaHHyH pasBEBaWilywca opranusaniw... Mb BAAEM yare 
Tenepb Daptitansa oOpranusanin, cTOAmMiA BH NaplaMesTa... Bb KOTO- 
pHi onb, MOReTh OLITS, COBChMb HIH MOUTH COBCBML He BXOJATh, HO 
OHB BIiAWTL Ha IpaBHTeAbCTBO, MHHYA WapzaMeaTh... Ye Teleps 
COSIAHBI HOPMEI, KOTOPLIA—He Bb WPHABFECKOMS, a BS COMAIBHOMS 
OTHOMeHIH — AbAcTBYIOTS HapaBHb uau, 00 Kpaitue Mbpb, moA0OHO 
SakOHAMb H He BHIpabaTHBaWTCA Bb HOPMAIbHOME 8akOHOLAaTCIbHOMb 
NOpAKb>, EaxIHHeRb UPHXOJATh Jake Kb MEICIH 0 HeOOXUMEMOCTH 
yipemmenia «coenialbHNXb WapsaMeHTOBb Ha OCHOBB Bce pb3ye BH- 
PHCOBHBaloMetca conialbHoH rpyMnupoBkA» **). 

He yy HBUuTeIbHHIMS UpelcTaBsseTca Wocxb sToro, 4TO cpexH Uupex- 
cTaBuTexe# dusocodin NpaBa MNoAyIIH HeoOxo_HMOe OTpameHie BCb 
STH HOBHIA ABICHIA COBPCM@HHOCTH, 4 HeO-KAHTiaHIbl, He JOBOAb- 
CTBYACbh OPH3HanieM’b HAMAX COUI@ALHHXS TeHACHUIA Bw HeCALOBh, 
Pbmusu yaxe HbKOTOPHMS OOpasoMb KAHOHHSHPOBaTb UX'b, BOSBEAA 
COBPeMCHHYW 9MaHNANallonHYyW Oopb6y Bb KaTeropim MeTapusuyeckaro 
JOIRCHCTBOBAHIA, OTPbsaHHaro OTh BCAKOH «<OMOApPIH» HpaBCTBeHHAaro 
Aoira. OHH BOCKpeCHAH JIA 9TOTO CTaparo UpakTuyeckaro [BOKHAKA 
GHCTaro pasyma, CHaOJuaH ero abcotWTHOH BAACTBW KaTeropH4eckaro 
uMIlepaTuBa, H Bb IlanTeoH OyaAymlaro MocaqHAH, Kakb Heath, 
«OOMECTBO ABTOHOMHHX% CYIMECTBh>, ABIAWDIHXCa CaMH aa ceOs 
Wbhibw. Takb COBEPMAAOCh cBOeOCOpasHoe BSATI€ COMasbHaro Hearza 
MHBLIMDb Ha HeOO, cBoerd posa ToMa3zaHie AYXOM'b <8THKH 4YACTOH 
BO.H» f0 Celi Toph JOBOAbHO TakHd sarsanBaro coniamnsMa. H 





*) J. Kofrest. Mipoposspbaie conianusma. Cu6. 1906 r., crp. 110 nw carba. 
**) lellinek, Verfassungsinderung und Verfassungswandlung, Berlin, 1906 
cTp. 73 H ca'bd., WHTHPYH 00 Depepoay Kuctakosckaro. 


COBPEMEHHAS WPHCIPYARAIISA. 45 


XOTS, KOHCUHO, MOIHOG BOAOMeHie <HAeH HpaBLTBeEHHAaro Aosra H- 
YGIOBBYHOCTA» OTAATAeTCH Bb Oe3KOHCYHOCTh, COBPCMCHHOMY xe 
YeAOBBRY MpexOcTaBAReTCH BOCNPHHAT <«<CIPABeAIHBOCTh> Bb Kka- 
YecTBB HacTaBHHka AOOpoNbresv, HO MBI JOIKAN OTMBTHTh H Bb 
3TOMb QHAOCOMPCKOME HHOCKABAHIK ye SHAYHTeIbHWH wporpeccs. 
[lox Mantie# HeBpasyMuTeIbHbimeh MetTadasnnu sibcb CKpHBaeTCA, 
Ka&b HH Kakb, CONIAAbDHNH MIaseHeNb HOBWX MOPAAKOBb, & <oTHKA 
GHCTOH BOIH» HIH, HHAGe, «<BOIH, JHWeHHOH STOHCTHYCCRHXS MOTH- 
BOBb> HPHXOJUTS Ha DOMODIBJIOAHOMY YHHITOREHIW ElACcOBOH sKCNAya- 
Tals, UpHHOHOIaIbHO ACKMOIAWOel <IHCTYH BOW YeA0BbRa». Crouaso 
TOABEKO COBIEY BCB 9TH HMIMECPATHBH H Heat Cb HeOech B CBASATb 
HXD T6ML HI HHHMD NyTeMb Cb coniam,Ho GopbOo# coBpemenHOcTH, 
H HXb CMBIO MOHHO yHOTpeOHTh, KAR OpyxRie MpPOTHBS cTapHYs, 
OTPHUANMHXS «<YCTYH BOA» NOPSAKOBE *). 

Heo-reresianent Koxzeph niitaerca nogoiTH ABCKOIbEO OanRe Kb 
MHOFOrpbuinow semab H UPA NMOMONH YHABepcaAbHOH xcTopia mpaBa 
CTPCMHTCH YCTAHOBHTb H CTO KYABTYPHOe 3HaAveHie, H CLO BSABACHMOCTb 
OTbh PasIHUHHIXD HHCTHHRTOBD, PCIHTiOSHHIXS cTpeMsAeni#f, THIHOTHSH- 
PYWMUXb H CAMOTHUAOTHSAPYWMAXD BOBOyRACHIA, BUAOTL JO TpaHHOW 
ICHX08a H «CTPalHOH CHAI AYXOBHOH SapasHTeAbHOCTH» CpeAH AWJeH- 
Iipu stoma Kosepbh ne exaelb OfpaHHIHBATbCA OPaBOMS KakOrO- 
HHOYAB OMHOTO Hapoga: «Kax0e paso uMbeTS pasmydAH XapakTeph 
no Mbpb TOTO, Rak OHO NpHMbHAeTCA Y TOTO HAM Apyroro Haposa». 
OjHako BO Bee KyAbTYpHo AcTOpiH YeMORBIECTBAa TpaBo ABIAeTCA 
«<Kakb OTEPOBeHie Tapamaro cpexH Ye.OBBYeCTBa pa3syMHarO Ayxa u 
ero KYAbTypHaro cTpeuszeHia». WA sto muBOe, BBYHO usMBHAWOeeCA H 
H@CTPHMH KpPackaMH OxeDlymee paso CTPeMHTvs YCTAHOBHTb CpedH 
SZOAeH «yUOPANOWeHHHs, AOCTATOUHO CHOCHHIA, ABHTawWMig KYAbTYpy 
ycxoBia». OTL TOTEMHSM& Yepesb «OTIBABHHXS AYXOBb» IACHOBD 
CEMbH H rpyunosot Opa upsxo_uTs Kosept &b coBpeMeHHOH cemBb, 
wepess ApeBHbimia OpMH uMyMecTBeHHaro O6opoTa KolAeKTABHOA 
_ COOCTBEHHOCTH CABAHTS OHD pasBUuTie rpaxancKaro NpaBa, Bb KOTO- 
POM Tellepb YCTAHABIBBANTCA HOBLIA 889a4H: YTOOH CBOOOAHAA KOH- 
KYPpeHis H DOpORAeHANE CL TPeCTH «He CAUMIKOMD 3aTArHBadH MeTIN 
ga meb yesonbra». TocylapcrBensoe WH yroNOBHOe UpaBo, mpolecch 
BO BCBXb efO ACTOPHICCKAXD OpMaxh NpoxoAATS y Hosepa nepexb 
HaMH, H Be3rb UpaBo NpOABAAeTCA Bb ABOAKOMD BHI: «ct OLHOL CTO- 
POHH, KaKb [posBseHie KYIbTYpHOH RH3HH, OHO ECTh UpeAMeTb 4eI0- 
BBaeckaro 3HaHia, Cb Apyro#, OHO—BCHOMOLaTeAbHOe CpeACTBO KYyab- 
TYPH», UpH DOMOMM KoTOparo «BbInO BospoRAawMiiica [epcei oOpa- 
maeTs rozosy Topronkl MpoTHBb CTpaligaro 7pakona BpamleOHHXh 
KyA_TypsS curb». Kant murs [epces, kakb «HeoOxogaMoe CpeACTBO 
Aaa YeroBbueckaro, a BMbcTb BceseHckaro Uporpecca»—.<OoxRecTBeH- 


*) Berolzheimer, s. H. c., cTp. 410 A crby. 








46 M. PEREHCHEP 4. 


HHIMS OHIO MpaBO A TAaKOBHIMB OCTaHeTCA HaBBEH» *),.. Cupamu- 
BaeTca Tellepb, cyMbeTh JH Llepcef coniaausma o6paTaTh mpaBoByW 
ToproHy IpoOTHBb AaHTHRYALTYpHaro cowiaibHaro paGbcTBa? 

Eme 61nxe &b ABHCTBATCABHOCTH UpHOlnRacTcA HeO-KAHTIAanHellb 
Pynoandt [ltrammaept, 70 upesBHaalnocTH BOCUpIBMInBHH yueHHs, 
KOTOpHH CyMBIL He TOIbEO BUATATh BL ceOa BAaRHBAMIA OTRPHTIA 
HOBbimefi WPHCUpPyAeHnin, HO AH UpALaTh UMS POpMY DOAIMAHOK HeO- 
KaHTianCKOH DepkoBHocrH. WM oerToTh savMCTBOBAaHHH ump y Horena 
ABHEKb JAeCTh CMY BOSMOMHOCTE NOMb MeTADPUSHICCEAMD MIIPHEPHITICNS 
OBOABHO O1u8KO DOOHTH KB OOCBHMS NOSHUiAMb BPAaRAYWMAXS co- 
WiaIbHHXt coib. Cb Pasocopcrok ocropoxHocThw oObaBsAeTS tam- 
Miepb paso <PopMo#» Jaa comiasbHOH «MaTepiA», KOTOPYW OH'b, OMHAEO, 
HE OTORECTBIACTL WHIXKOMb Cb UpPeHCHOIHeHHHMS HeOsaronalex- 
HOCTH «XO8AficTBOMb». danagel coniarbHoli duxocopin oKasHBaerca 
He IMpOCTO NOCTHReHIG BAKOHOMBPHOCTH eA PasBATIA, & TOXbEO «38aK0- 
HOMBPHOCTH, KARL TAkOBOH». OCHOBHHMDS NIPH3HakOMb OOMecTBeHHAaro 
COMATIA IfeH ABISCTCH HAIHYHOCTh TAEHXD BHBMAAXE UpaBHyEn, 
KOTOPHA H8BH'S H He€8aBHCHMO OTb IHGHOH BOIL YEAOBbEA perysn- 
PyWTS OOmMecTBeEHHYH XH3Hb. Bs 9TOM NOHATIH, TAKHMD OOPas0ME, 
OKA3HBaeTCA HA IJHNO NpaBHAO, kAKS MopMa, «COMiaibHoe XO3saHCTRO», 
Rakb MaTepia coniaabHoH wxusHH. O7HO 663m Apyroro He CyMeCTByeTD. 

Hab 0panoMb H XO3SHCTBOMS BOSBHIWMAeTCH KAKb Pash «8akOHO- 
MBPHOCTS Bb ce6'b>, 0 KOTOPOH MBI YOBOPHIB BHDIe; OHA, Bb CBOW 
Ovepelb, ABAACTCA YIHBETCIBAHMS IPHMAPeHieMb, Cb ORHOH CTOPOHH, 
«H@YMOSHMAlO 38K0H& MPHYHHHOCTH», & Ch Apyro—cBobosHok «rb- 
ZecooOpasHOCTH», KOTOPYH CAaMOCTOATCIbHO H H€3aBHCHMO IIPHUHCH- 
BaeTB ceObB CaMb YeAOBSED. OnHakO MPHYAHHOCTS Hw cBOOOAHOe 
nsOpanie WBIM OTHIOAb He HCKAOYANTS Apyrb Apyra. JbxAO Bb TOM, 
WTO BOAH HE CCTb CHa, a TOABKO HallpaBleHie Hallero cosHaHia. 
Ilostomy Ais TOTO, ITOOH OTH CBOOOAHHIMS HW TOXGHHATLCH TOIbKO 
cRo6omHO ce6b NOCTaBACHHHMS WBIAMS, YAOBBKE JOIKCHD TOABKO 
IyMatb, <kakb OyATO OND aTO MOMeTh». HM sto BoBce He HEABIOCTS, TAKS 
Eakb WHHCTBOBaTS <CBOOOAHO», 98TO BHAYATE ABHCTBOBATh He BO HMA 
cyOLORTHBHEHIX? bie, a BO uMa GesycAOBHOH OKROHYATeCAbHOL bau, 1ako- 
me BCBM OCTAIbHHIME OOLeCETHBACE OlpaBzadie. Bb nepesorb Ha OOBI- 
OHHH ABSHED, STO O608HATAeTH, ITO TEIOBHES NOCTATOUHO CBOOOAOHS 
TOrAa, KOTJa OHS OTPbMaeTca OT aHTH-CODIaIbHHXb MOTHBOBS, & 
biictsyeTb BO HMA O2ara, KOTOPOe ABISCTCH Bb BAIS cBOOOAHI 
BCBX® **). 


«3aKOHOMBpHOCTS BE ceOb» aeTh Jambe, cormacHoO NpHAnslaMb 


*) Kohler, Rechtsphilosophie und Universalrechtsgeschichte (Encyklopaidie 
der Rechtswissenschaft, begr. von Holtzendorf, Berlin, 1904, B. I) crp. 17, 20, 
21, 27 nw crba., 69. 

**) R. Stammler, Wesen des Rechtes und der Rechtswissenschaft (Die 
Kultur der Gegenwart, systematische Rechtswissenschaft, Berlin, 1906), erp. 
16—22. Berolzheimer, B. H. c., cTp. 416—421. 


COBPEMEHHAS FWOPHCNPYESIIS. 4% 
| SAY ; 

abcormTHol mbav, BCeOOMHOCTH # GesycAOBHaro EXHHCTBA BCBXD OTAB.Ab- 
HHXS wWbref, OesycaoBAHt Hears 21a oOpolt BoAU, a HMeHHO <oOme- 
CTBO CBOGOAHO Kelawmuxt avyet». Cb torka 3pbHia oTOTO Haeata 
cTpouHTca jawbe yuenie 0 Takb HasHBAeMOM «<1paBHIbHOMb NpaBb>, 
KOTOPOe Bb WbAAXD comiasbwaro Hjeata peryrupyeTb oTHOMeHiAa 10TH 
IPH NOMODIH YeETHPOX OCHOBHHXd NIpHHgunos,. AByxXh MpHHANOB 
yBamenia: 1) cogepkanie BOIH ONHOrO He AOARHO OWTb Mpexocta- 
BACHO IpPOHsBONy Apyroro; 2) Ramgoe wWpaBosoe TpeboBanie TOARHO 
CYMIGCTBOBaTL TOAbKO Bb TOM CMBICAB, 4TO O6s3aHAWH MORCTH eMle 
ocTaBarbca OAnKAHMD. HM AByXS MpPHANANOBE yuactia: 1) HA OAMAD 
IpaBoo6asasHHf He MOMeTS ObITh HCKAWYEHD Hb OOMIEHIA, 2) KaKIaA 
DPABOBAA BAACTh paciopameHia MUKCTH TOAbKO Bb TOMb CMBICIS 
Cl0BA HCKIWVTS APYOTO, ITO MCKAWYCHHHH MomeTS elle ‘OcTAaBaTbCH 
62HzHAMS. Bs nepeBogb, OUATb-TakH, Ha BpasyMHTeAbHLA ASHE, 
coniaxbHHMt uxeatoms JramMaepa aBasetca cBOGo_HOe ObmTeCTBO 
ape#, Bb PAMEKAXb KOTOParO HHKTO He ABIACTCA JAA Apyroro cpel- 
CTBOMb, IPH YOM PALOMb Ch SAKOHHHMD (POPMAIbHHMD NpaBomh 
OHb NpHBHacTh Bb kayecTss «upaBaro» UpaBa TO HaupaBlenie MuCICH, 
KoTOpoe BEITeKaeTh H38L yRasaumaro Beata. Ha upakTukb mpasoe 
WpaBo yme Tellepb UpPOABIACTCA BB BBPHOCTA H YOCTHOCTH IPH ACHOI- 
Henin OOa3aTeAbCTBb, Bh YKAOHCHIA OTD B1OynOTpeOseHi comeHHbIMA 
WpabaMy, BL Xblicrsin m0 cipaBesAHBOMY yCMOTPBHIN. OTO MmpaBo 
o60sHayaeTb TREPANA TpaHHOW oropopHolt cBo6omw u Tpebyers, 
YTOOH BOOGMe COOAMAaAHCh HPaBCTBeEHHHH ZOArh, UPHAWIe, noopwe 
HpaBH H, HaOHopoTh, usObraluch Bb CHAY cipawelAuBOcTA BCAEIH 
BpeAb H YONTORD ApyroMy aauy. Bb cuay Toro me Wpaparo upaBa 
DpH YCTaHOBAeHiH HCTHHHALO cosepRadia cABAKH TpebyeTCA HaxoRe- 
Hie zhicTBuTexbHot BoIH, Jexamei BB OcHOBS CAbiAKH, pasyMaad 
ombHEA cAyyas, HCTOXKOBagie coraaceo Bbpb uw BbpHOCTH, AoMOAHEHIe 
HpOMyMeHHHHXE WYHETOBE Joropopa. TowkO Takb KC BL CHAY WpaBaro 
WpaBa HHOTAa OpeXeBPeMeHHO JOARHAL ONT SAKOHICHH PasIA4BblA 
IpaBoBLia OTHOMeHIA *). 

Takb, 1oXb NOKpOBOMS «necrpoH curbcu MaTepiaxbHO o6yc10BzeH- 
HHX% HCTOPHYCCEHXS ycTaHoBACHifi NpaBa», PALOM cb «Naparpaamu 
H oco6o marepief ucropHueckHXS MpaBh», MH HaxXO{UMb HE HOBOG 
<paso», He «KOACKCL AKO OH HACAIBHWXE UpaBonoloKenifi», He «CO- 
BOKYMHOCTS COMiaIbHO-sTHYCCKHXD HOPMS ONpembAeHHaTO COAepRaHis», 
HO <OCHOBHOe Hatlpapaenie mucrefl, wb0cTHNH hopMaxbHHH ci0coOS 
omperbienia w cyxjeHia» aorzef BB Aba coniatbHaro peryAHpoBa- 
Big... OTb [lrammaepa He cRPHAaCch BOSMOMHOCTh ROHPAUKTA MewTY 
ABHUCTBYMOMAML TpaBOMt A STHMS cyxJeHiewb. bictBywomee NpaBo 
MOHOTD OKA8aTbCA HCMPABHIMb,—TOPAa BOSHHRAWTE TAREIC H BOHCTHHY 
Tparndeckie KOHPAARTH. IpunuutiatbHad HeMpHROCHOBeCHHOCTS A Ca- 





*) R. Stammler, ramp xe, cTp. 43 H cuba. Beroltzheimer, B. w. c., 425 
H cabo. 





48 M. pepE#HCHEP th. 


Mosepxabie Mpaka, KOTOPOe TAakb OTAHYACTH CFO OT BCBX KOHBCH- 
IWOHAIbHEIXb—AWOIbMH JOOPOBOABHO cobs .AaeCMNXb—UpaBaAb, Crat- 
KHBaeTCH Cb He3QKOHYeHHOCThW, YCIJOBHOCTb H HECOBePIIeHCTBOMS 
aHHaro cOsepmania onpesxbaewHaro opaBa. Summum jus, summa in- 
juria w1H, HHaqe, OcOboe <yci0BHOe» BeIbHie 3aKkOHA, Rerxalolee OTS 
<6e3yCHOBHOH» BbICMeH HOpMOH Aad GeXOBbyeckok BOAK, STO BeAHIAH- 
Mad HeCIpaBeLIHBOCTb. EKJHHCTBCHHHIMDS BHIXOJOMD ABSKCTCA 3'BCb— 
HCTHHHO RedaTh UpaBaro Nmpaba H CTaBHTbh eFO UWBAbW CBOeTO 
oira. ToabkO COmlaaAbHHH Uporpecch O0paBAHBaeTh HICaAbHHA ORH- 
WaHis, ITO ykasaHHHf KOHMAKKTD WOCTOAHHO OyAeTh YMCHbMATHCA, 2 
IpaBoe npaso Bce yale u TBepme Oy,JeTb BICTYMaTb *), 

Ombuusaa reopiw lltrammMsepa cb TOUR spbHis ConiasbHHXh ycao- 
Bit HACTOAMarO BpeMeHH, HeIb38a He UPHSHaTb, ITO Kakb «coniaabHH 
Hiealb», TaKb HW ycTaHoOBleHie HeoOxogquMo cBa3H MCKAY 1paBoMS 
H COMAIbHHMB XO8sHcTBOMb MOTYTb, MOA06HO APYTUM HeO-kaHTiAH- 
CKHMb KATe©OpidMb, BHPAasHTb JO HBBECTHOK cTeleHH WAH 9MABIIB- 
MalioHaaro JBHKeHiA H Aaxe OnITD PopMyzOH Aaa OopbOn 3a paso 
OITh WeXOBSEOM'S. Yuenie 0 NPaBHAbHOMS Upash Wbsaerb ee Warb 
Bb 9TOMb OTHOMeHIH H DORBepraeTh HelpecranHHoh KpHTHKS, cb 
TOUKH 3spbHig Baeada, CyMecTByHMi OMpaBosoh opazorb. OHako 
9TO—JOBOIbHO OTAAICHHHIA BOSMOMHOCTH; WTAMMACPOBCKIH «<HCTOPH- 
yeckifi MaTepiaaH3Mb» 1aBaeTb BHICOKO Bb HeOb Bb BHIS Aasyp- 
Haro OO3aka H TOIbKO sub specie aeternitatis cosepaerbh mpo- 
HCXOAsmMia Ha semib Tepunerin coniarbHoH Oops6y. Borbe #e scero 
IITAaMMACPOBCKIA Hew OOATCH SallaykaTb CBO@ YHCTeHBKOG DAaTDHDe 
Bb Ipa8H KOHKPCTHHNXb, OTHOCHTCIbHHIXS H YCIOBHHIXD ABICHIA, a 
BMBCTB Cb TBM 3AHATL OTKPHTYH NO8HTi UO OTHOMeHIW Kb HOBOMY 
SaHHMalolemyca Ha pyOemb cTorbrifi comiaabHoMy cTpow. Bs Bpucmef 
CTCNCHH PAalHKaIbHHA CpeACTBA Bb Heb—OkashlBaWTCcA coOBepmMeHHO 
OeSCHALHEIMH Ha UpagTHEB, & «PopMa», 8aHABMIad CTOAb TOPAeCAHBOE 
noxomeHie Bb conialbHo musHH, BaAWTCA 3a MaTepie BO BCB eg 
YAH, HX OPHTOHH, He pasiwyas OoeBoro craHa CO38HaTeAbHAaLo TPYAa H 
Tpa3Haro UpHIaBkA POCTOBMMYeCKOH skcHayaraniv. Passb HbTb Ma- 
Tepid H COPMEI BL CaMHIXS AHTH-OOMIECTBCHHHXS UPOABACHIAX) KUSHH, 
pasBB He MOReTh COBPCMeHHLI NpeAUPHHUMATEAL CepsxedHO BbpOBAaTh 
Bb rpakymee DapcTBo cBob6OkkO-KelawWMEXd Ase, pasBb HeIbsa, Ha- 
KOHeIb, UOABeECTH 060K rewe@TS DOJ UpaBHIbHOe UpaBO, TAaKL 4TO 
Kaxkin nopadomeHHHi ocTaneTca Bb HAeb «OIHRAHM'D»? 

Yaasenie Bb Mipb CBATHXD aOcOIWTOBS, HeNOABARANXS BL CeOb 
Cb BBYHO MepeAUBAWWAMCA COLepRaniem'’b, CCTb BechbMa OOOWAOCOCTPEIH, 
onacHif mupiemb. Ciacad BCeOOMIHOCTh H HEIIPHKOCHOBeCHHOCTh UPHH- 
IMNOBb, MPuXOsuTCa BBIHO MpHObraTh Kb COPHCTHYCCKAMB H3BO- 
poTaMb, TOOK PHMHPHTb HX CB HeUpecTaHHHME Hapymexiemh 





*) R. Stammler; Die Zukunftsaufgaben des Rechtes und der Rechtswissen- 
schaft (Systematische Rechtswissenschaft), crp. 506, 505 uw B. H. c., 58—59 





COBPEMEHHAS ROPHCIPYAEHDIA. 49 


Ha Whah. A kak HH MORCTS OHITh camo nO ce6b noywrenHO meranie 
cHaOauTh Oophmiech KXaccH BH IpyO0H HeTTBHHHMSB opyiemb BH- 
KOBAaHHHXb Bb MHIOCOPCKOMS YMOSPbHin AOCNSXOBS, HO OHH, 10106HO 
KOXepoBckOH mpasoBnoH [‘oprons, MOryTS OnITD BCerAa& HCHOIb80BaHB 
BparaMH <OOMeCTBa CBOOO,HO—HdH, BBpABe, AOOporbTeIbHO-me1aw- 
IHXb Wel». He najo 3a6nBaTb CyAbOH KAHTOBCKHUXD JBOHAHKOBB: 
Bb TO BPCMS, KAKb YMOSPHTCIbHWH CyOBERTS IPONEOBbANBaIDb abco- 
ZWTHHe HMNepaTHBH BCAYeECKOK CBOOOAH HW MOANICH AaOCOAWTAMh, 9MIIH- 
payeckii Tor1sqkua > He TOABKO DHHHYECKH OTPeKCA OTS BCBXE 60- 
TOBb, HO H COCTABHAB paspBOIETeIbHYH YTpaMOTY Upycckomy a6co- 
IDTHSMY, 

Ho ecaH MHI Jame AOMYCTHMD, ITO MOMAO UPHSHATh HCTHHOH BH- 
BOAH HeO-KaHTiaHeBL, HeO-reresiaHlesh, PasiIHyHHxs Horenost, Ha- 
TOpnoBs H IlTaMMaAepoBb, TO H TOrga OCTaeTCH TOTS xe camn mpo- 
Obat, KOTOPHH MHI BLIMe saMBrHIu yY NOAIMAHATO HCTOpHyecKaro Ma- 
Tepiam3Ma. ByJeMb IH MH HCXOJHTb ASB NOKATIA MaTepiH H eA IBE- 
HeHieME OUPEAbASTh pasBUuTie AyxXa, HAH, HaoOopoTs, MH MpoBosrsa- 
CHM STOTS CaMbi AYXb HeH8MBHAHMD UPHAIHOUOMS, KOTOpHIH ompe- 
wbiseTb co6oH crpemaenie MaTepiaIbHaro Havala Eb CONaIbABIMS 
HjeasaMb,—BCe paBHO Bb AaBnHOH opMyxb ckpEBaeTCa HeEHSBECTHOS, 
EoTopoe Bb Oorbnied usu MeHbOe cTeleHH HrHOpupyetTca OObuME 
CTOPOH@MH. CIHDIKOMB JerkO BHICTABHTh YTBepmehie, YO UpaBo ecTb 
TOABEO BBpHHH oTOrecRD DOPMb MPOHSBOACTBA Ha& AJeOAOTHYECRAXS 
HebecaxXh, CIHINIKOMS JOCTYMHO, Bb CBOW OFeEpeb, NOAOKeHie, KOTOPOE, 
CBAShIBad HepaspHBHHMH Y38aMH CONIaIbHYW HB8Hb, KYIBTYpy, oOOme- 
CTBeHHOe XossiicTBO cb mpaBomh, HMeTS abcoAWTHOH cupaBesABBOCTH 
Bb MOPpMAIbHOMD, YMOSPHTCIBHOMD Hayarb. LW Bb HacTOAMee BpeMs, 
KOF@ TAaKb HHBO HAYHHACTS IYBCTBOBATHCA KOJeOaHie XosalicrBeHHOH 
MOUBH H Takb ABHO paSBaIHBaeTCA NOKOHBMeecs Ha Heli UpaBoBsoe 
SAanie, IVT AH HE TPIOHSMOMb SBYIZTH TO AOPOTOW WbHOW cA‘bAaH- 
HOE OTEPHTie, KNTOPOe TIaCHTb, ITO MpaBoO H MOPadb CYTH UBB cTo- 
poOHH ofHoro WhaccTHaro comiaabHaro mpomecca. 

HH MAPECHCTH, HH KA&HTIAHIE! He MOFYTb JOKasaTb HCTHHHOCTH 
CBOHXS vos0menifi AO THXb DOpb, NORA cOmioNOTH4eCKH HM MCHxXONOTH- 
WeCKH H@ YCTAaHOBIeCHH 8aKOHH Upelomienia OnTiA Yepesb ICHXHRY 
Bh Hieaxb H HaOcbopoTs. ApyruMa ClOBaMH, TOABKO HAaYYHO NOCTpoeH- 
Has HAJHBHIyalbHad AW EKOINCKTHBHAd ICHXONOLIA MOTYTh OTBBTATS 
UKOHWaTeIbHO Ha BOMpPOCh O TOMS, Bb YM COCTOHTS B8aHMHad Oby- 
CHOBACHHOCTS STHXE ABYXb Havalb, KAaKb UPeCJOMAAWTCA OHH BS 06- 
Mem’ DeHTPb ywelOBbueckuxX 4yBCTBS, upexcTaBleHift u Boma. UM KB 
TEOPETHICCKOMY HHTepecy NpHcoegqBHReTCA riyOoKkad NpakTHYeCKad Me- 
TPEOHOCTh; TOADKO UPOCIBIUBh MCHXHKY 9THIECKUXD, SCTETHICCKEXD, 
OpasOBHXb, peIurosHHXb H T. 0. HepexuBabil, MI MOMCMD BLLACHHTD 
Cb WOis0H AOCTOBBpPHOCTLH BOUPOC O TOM, YTO TakOe MpaBo 0 OT- 
HOmMIeHIO Kb XO3sHcTBCHHHMS ABACHIAMD HA COMAIbHHIMb HICalaMd, 
EsKYIO pOlb OHO MOKCTH H JONHHO CHIpaTb Bb Mponecch oOmaro 

Ausapp. Orabar Il. 4 


/ 





50 | M PEHCHEP S&S. 


Upeo6pasopakid, KaKEM'’b UYyTOMb JONKHO COBepPMAThCA MpeBpalleHic 
KIACCOBHIXS H IpyNMOBMIXh crpeMAchifi Bb KaTeropH4yeckia, He AONY- 
cRalonlig Bospamenifi npaba, HakoHelh, RAaKYW UpaBoByw OOoM04Ky, 
QopMy HAH OpraHusalii0 MORCTS MpPHAATS TO «<OOmecTBO CBOOOAHO Ke- 
aWUAXb sopeli», KOTOPOe BOSHHKHETS Ha NOwBb He TocysapcrTBeL- 
Haro, &@ OOmecTBeHHare CyBepeHHTeTa. 

J. 1. erpaxannomy 1punagiemars yecTh cHxXOs0rMyeckaro 060CHO- 
BaHid Upaba Bb HOBbmel AuTepaTypb HU, XOTH OHS OCTABHIb NO0Kka 
6e3b JaibAbimux, uscabpopani#t Ty oOzactTh, ry’b ucHxos0riA BCTp'B- 
yaeTca cilenialbHO Ch xXO3afcTBeEHHHMH ABICHISMH HM pearupyeTb Ha 
HEX’, a, Cb Apyrof cropoHH, mcwxonoria Ilerpaxunearo WbAAKOMS 
ocTaeTCA Bb OOJaCTH MHAMBALyaIbHOH Hu He MpocTHpaeTbh cBOoero 
Bbrbuia Ha TO, ITO HashBaeTca Mcwxos0rief KoIIeRTHBHO, TBMS He 
MeHSE BHBOIH [lerpaxHkaro JOIRAH OTS IPHsHadhl AMBOMENE Tpo- 
MaqHoe TeopeTMyeCcKOe HM MpakTHYeCKOe 3HaqeHie. 

Cb upesBniainol nocaebOBATeAbHOCTbH IPOBOAUTh 8TOTb yqeHbiit 
JOOMTMA HMb JaHHHA Bh OOACTH HPABCTBEHHOCTH H pasa, OUPOKU- 
AHBACTh CO3A@HALe 3IbCb MpasgOBHA H MOPAIbHHA PakTasMH, YyCTa- 
HaBIHBaeTh HOBOe ONperbieHie UpaBa H CMeCRHNXb eMy OOsacTeH, 
IPOBOAHTb MCHAY HUMH HCUePIbBawMlee paslnqienie H AaeTb HOBYH 
RAACCHPUKALIN PasIHYHHIXh (OPM A BALOBD UpaBa, HOBYM CHCTeEMY 
OObEKTOBb H CYOBCKTOBS UPaBhb, HAKOHELb, yRe BTBCb BS SHALHTCAb- 
HOH CTeNCHH PAaCKPHIBaeTh HCTOPHICCKYNH TeHACHTIM pasIHYHbLX’b 
apseHift 1paBoOBOH NCHXHEN, HIM, TOBOpA HHawe, NpaBa. Camo cobon 
pasyMbeTca, 3TO Takoe cyMecTBeHHOe MpecbpasoBatiie Hayku HeMBI- 
CAHMO 635 HOBaro pacupexbaenia ef salaqb a Mepectrpolika coera- 
BIAWMAXh €€ OTISALHHXb AOKRTPHH'd. 

XapakTepHo, 4To iWcuxoxormyueckn Ietpaxungifi Ipumert kb TeO- 
pia mpaBa Oxfaro_apa HMIYAbCY, DOTYIeHHOMY UMBb°OTS COMAaIbHHX. 
ycaoBii BpemeHH. Yxe Bb DepBHXB CBOAXb MNMBUAACTHYCCEAXD Tpy- 
axb, Bb OCOOCHHOCTH BB KPHTURS rpamsakckaro yxomenia [epmanin, 
Hab yYeHh 6H 3axBayeHb MBICHIM O HeOOXOMMOCTH COsqaHia 
oco6o HOBOK HaykKH, 10] HasBaHiemS «NOJHTHKH IpaBa». OTa Hayka 
ommHa Ona OnTh «Oco6oHk ABcCHHnAMHOM, caymame uporpeccy a 
YcoBepIIeHCTBOBaHIW CyMlecTByWHDLaro UpaBonopsyKa». Bb Hef j0rmHA 
Ob11a ONT cocpesoTo¥eHa paspaboTEa mpobseMb sakOHOJaTeALCTBA. 
TlosuTuka Upapa Joma :ON1a BOCKPeCHYTb NOM’) 3HaMeHeM BOSCTAa- 
HOBICHIA TAKb HasHB. eCTeCTBeHHATO MpaBa, xoTa Boocabs¢ctsia Ile- 
Tpakueii pbsko pasrpaHwusAb oTy UpakTHYeCKYWO AOKTPHHY H CTa- 
poe paso pa3symMa Hw Upupogy. Loszatuka nupasa JoimAa Onda co3sHa- 
TOIBHO BECTH «4eEAOBBYCCTBO» Bb TOMB HAalpaBAeHiv, «Bb KAaKOMb OHO 
ABUraOCh OKA MYTeMb OescO3sHaTeIbHO OMMMPHYeCKarO UpHcMocobse- 
Hid H Bb COOTBBICTBEHHOMD YCKOpeHiu H YyAyUMeHIH ABHKeHIA KD 
CBBTY H BeAHKOMY AAeaay Oyjyularo». <Copepmensoe rocnogxcTBO AbH- 
CTBCHHOH 065K BL YeXOBbyecTRB», «OCcTHReHie coBepMIeHHO Cco~ 


A 


COBPEMEHHAH WPHCIPYJEAQLA. Sl 


HiatbHaro XapakTepa» yelOBBEA—TAaKOBb onoHTaTeIb ABLE Hiearb ue- 
soBbyecTBa *). 

Kakh BaAHO, COlmiaihngad aTMoc*epa, Bb KOTOpOH pasBarE Lle- 
TpakunKifi nepphe Hayate cBoe# obmef Teopia, oOmma emMy cb ero 
HbMeDRHMH KOAXeramMH. Ilogo6H0 Menrepy u Lltammsepy, u ‘Ha Hero 
cHAbHBamee BHewaTIbHie UponsBela OesMOMOMHOCTh crapo# wpucnpy- 
RCHUIH, HeCHeCOOHOCTS ef OTBBTHTh Ha KPYNHHA N1pobseM COBpe- 
menHoctTa. QOysako [letpamunusifi He yyOBseTpOpHred cCpaBHHATe1bHO 
xerkoH akckypciei Bb OOAacCTH MeTa*PH3HRH H Ha Hel nocTpoeHHaro 
HeO-BaHTiaHcTBa. jig o6ocHOBaHiA cBOeH MOIMTHEA pasa OB} IIpH- 
Obrb Kb ICHXOAJOFHYECKOMY H3YYCHIN «PakTOPOBb H MpOneccoOBb MO- 
THBANIN YeOBBYeCKAarO DOBexeHid H pasBHTia YerOBbyeckaro xXapak- 
Tepa». Basncomb HOBO HayKH JOIRHO OHO cCTaTb «ClemiarbHoe 
yieHie 0 DpHpoy’ HW UPHIBHHHXD CBOACTBaXb UpaBa, Bb ICTHOCTH, 
yazenie o mpasospoh MOTHBanix Hu y4eHie O Upasonol meqaroruKb». 
IIcuxox0rmyeckas JelvEnia camoHadIWAeHiA, HHAYRTHBEHI MeTOTD — 
HaCKOIBKO OHS BOSMORCHb—TAKOBH JOUKHH OIA OTD METOAL Wpa- 
BOBOH MOAHTHEH, UpHbejmie BL KOHITB KOHDOBb H Kb MOCTpoenip 
cBoeoOpasHo «<aMONiOHaIbHoH MCHXOJOriM», KOTOpad HU era Bb CC- 
HOBY BCBXb TeopeTH¥eckAxt ocTpoesift Merpaxaysaro. 

Aa OyeTh NOSBONeHO BYbcb AIA AyaMlaro ypasymbwia Teopia [le- 
TPaKANKArO HAllOMHHTh GHTATeAW Apyroro, WaBHO saOHiTaro wMaTe- 
piaaucta wu yueHuka Peliepbaxa, koTopHi Ooxrbe usaTaxecaTH IbTS 
TOMY Hasagb cAbaarbh anagzoruyHyw L[letpamuykoMy monHTKy mpe- 
o6pa30BaHia WPHCIpyAeHHin H PaspyMleHid CTapHIXb lpu{H4eCKHXS 
QPaHTasMb, B8arpOMORIAOMUXS CBBTAVG H COBHATeIBHOG pasBHTie 
mpasa. Jiojsurb Kaalit—tTakb 3BalH sTOrO PHIOCOPA—TBIBA BCI 
WPHCOpyAeHHiNW Ha 3 GaAcTH: MepBoH,. 10 ero TeOpi, ABIA10Cb MpaBo- 
Bbrbuie, kOTOpoe AMBeTS 3asayei NosHanie 1paBOBHX’ noromeuit Bb 
WhAAXS BHACHEHIA MpaBa UPA MOMOMH ero pesakoiW 4 HHTepoperanig. 
Bropoii Haygol ABAdeTCA NOJHTHRA, Kab BHaHie, KOTOPOe CBa8aHU 
BpeMeHeMS H MBCTOMS, ABURETCH THCAYCFOAOBHIM HHTePeCOMB H He 
cO@eMHHHMO BB OJHY Hayky. OHO MOsHaeTS coxepmanie opasa. Ilors- 
THE TAKUM OOPasOM DO3HaeTS COAepRanie He TOABKO HACTOADIA/O, 
HO H pomlabllaroca pasa, uscablyerh pearbHoe wbictBie wa o6ocHO- 
BaHie 0paBOBHXb HHCTHTYTOBS. LOpacTs UpHHuMaeTS Takxe yaacrTie 
Bb STOMS NO8HaHid, HO OH'b, Bb TaKOMb Clydab, ABIAeTCH BMS-TO 
6oIbIIBMh, YM WpuCTh, HOO MOAHTHKA ECTL CoOszaHie, NoAepxanie 
H paspyllesie upaBa. Khaxb Bano crpolwmiica cHHTe3b BCC HOBHIXS 
H HOBBIXS JaHHHIX pasHoodpasHbimuxt o6zactei Bbybuis, NOAMTHKA 
ABAHeCTCH CBOCTO pOla BCOBBAYINUMS CTPOHTeICME HOBHXS WpHeABYE- 
CKHXb HOpMb. Hakouens, usccopix upapa uMbeTb cBoew bbw 
HosHanie, pasbacHeHie Hw AcTpedleHie UpaBOBHIXb PakTasMb wu Ta- 


*) JL I. Ilerpaxankia, Beejenie Bb u3sydeHie paBa H HpPaBCTBeHHOCTS, 
OMOniOHaIbHaA Meuxonoria. Cno6. 1905 r., erp. V—XILL 
4% 


52 M PEHCHEP b. 


KUMB OOpasoMb OCTHTaeTh CaMyW CYMHOCTh UpaBa. PnxAocopia 
mpaba «BiseTca aGcomorHol mpeqnochago jaa pasyMHOCTH XbitcTBia 
NOJHTHERHA HW WpaBa; 0Ha OUNMAaeTh NpaBOByH OO1AcTh OTA BOCOpAaRe- 
Hid H NpodaraeTh NYTh AIA pakwuKaIbwarO MeTOAa, Bb ROTOPOMS 
HYRTAWTCH Kakb NOIUTHKA, TAKS HM UpaBowbybuie. Metoxb Paxocopix 
pana 3aKIWV@eTCH BL BLIACHEHIA MCHXOIOrH4eCKHXd TeHAeCHIH, KO- 
TOPHA CO8LAITS UpaBOBHA PabTa3MHl, H T1aBHYW B3b HHXE—IIPHSHa- 
Hie cBepxyelOBbieckaro BeABHiA MpaBa. ITH TeHeHnin HeoOxo,HMO 
IPHCYMH CaMOMY ICHXHYeECKOMY UpoucxomseniW pasa *). 

Bs capoeh muszocodin upasa Kuanns # Ha caMoMh ybxb npobyerh 
COBAaTh HeoOXoUMyYH McHx0-usiozorw“yeckyWH Teopi? npaBoBoro MH- 
msesia. Ob HCXOJMTS UP 9TOM HBB NOHATIA BOBOyRAawWMAarO My- 
CKYIH MbIMaeHia (das Muskelerregende Denken), soropoe oranyaeTca 
OTh MHUICHig MNosHalomaro wa ocTeTH¥eckaro. Ha nowsb BcTpb4ik 
STOTO MBIMICHIA Cb NpPeACTAaBIAWMAMb, CHAaOReHHHIM ONATL-TAKH 
aPMeCKTHBHHIME, allflapaToMb, 8apomAawtTcA danTacTuyeckis upescta- 
BAcHiA HPAaBCTBEHHOCTH AH ef BeIbHif, KAakb Yero-TO OTBIeEIeHHATO 
OTh yer0B bea. «HpaBcrBeHHH denHomeHS pomsaeTca osToMy BcsKIA 
pasb, Kakb TOIbKO BCTpBbuaeTca Upelcraprzenie oOmecTBeHHOCTH Ch 
IpeAMecTBYNMLAMH CMY BCreTaTHBHHIMH IH adPeRTHBHHIMA BAede- 
Hiamu. HW takamb o6pa30mb, 6x2arolapa UHTeCHCHBHOCTH, MBICIHTe.1b- 
Haro Mpomecca, BOABOpHeTCAH HpaBCTBeHHOe cTpemesie, oOmlecTBeEHHO 
OrpaHHIABawmee WpemHee HelocperAcTBeHHOe cTpeMeHie». Bech 9TOTh 
Mponecch copepmaeTcaA «Bb AABOMDS BOCHPIATIH 4YYBCTBS HW pbMaerca 
CHIOW MpoTuBorbictBywmaxb Bocnpiati# nenpiatHaro»>. WM daxyta- 
CTHYeck0e MHMNeHie ykpbuiseTbh cHay craOaro HpaBCTBEHHATO CTpe- 
MieHia TBMb, ITO OHO NOJHHMaeTS 10 sHaqeHia OOOReCTBICHHHIXh 32- 
nopbrjel Tb BeXBHIA, KOTOPHIA Nepean! OTTBAbHHIMD JHTaMb pH 
HOMOMA BOCDKHTaHiA H Hapogznaro MabHIA BL opm sBerbuifi wpaB- 
CTBCHHOCTH. «J[HIIb ray6okoe nosHanie mbsecoobpashocTa HpaBCTBeH- 
HHIXb UpaBlIb YCTPaHAeTh 4YBCTBO claOOCTH HPAaBCTBeHHALO KeAabia, 
a BMBCTS Cb TBMB YCTpanaeT BCe CTpeMAeHig kb ero PaHTacraye- 
CKOMY yKpboaeHin» **), 

Otpeyenie a Tpe6opanie—Enttsagen und Vordern—taxkozBo OCHOB- 
HOC UPOTHBONOAOReHie, KOTOPCe AeEKATH Bb OCHOBS pasanyeHia ABYX'b 
BHIOB HPABCTBEHHOCTH, MOPaiH H upaBa. HpascrBenHoe cTpeMsenie 
ABIACTCH <«iaMOTPaJbHO Pa31HTHHIMb, CMOTPA 10 TOMY, HalpaB- 
AgeTCH AH OHO Y PaSMHIIAWMaro IH0a UpOTHBh ero cobcTBeH- 
HHIXS HAH NPOTHBS VyRAXD OOOyaAewil, APYTHMH CAOBAME, ABIAeTCA AH 
OHO OTPeKaAWMUMCA HIM TpedOywmuM’s. Ilo o6bmemy mpasaay, Bb APAaB- 
CTBCHHOCTH pasMBIUIAWMif cyObekTs, cb ono cropoHH, obpa- 
MacTch# MpOTHBb pATasanifi cBOHXS COOCTREHHHIXS BieveHifi, Ch 


*) L. Knapp, System der Kechtsphilosophie, Erlangen, 1857, erp. 215 w 
crby., 235 4 cuba, 241—246. 


**) Tamb me, cTp. 13] wn crby., 138—144—150. 


COBPEMEHHAA WPHCUPY RAILS. 038 


Apyro# cTOpOHH, IpPOTHBOCTOHTb UpHTaAsanigMb ApyrHxb wnojei. 
HpasctBeHHOCTh BMbeTS AboHHOe. BO BHB H BHYTPh OGpamen- 
Hoe, IHN0, OCHOBAHHOeG Ha adexTh orpeyenia urn wbicrsia Tpe- 
Gopania. Bb BAY STOTO HPABCTBCHHOCTh pasauyaeTcH Ha WBa Mipa: 
OJHHB, OOpanleHHH Kb «A» H OTBBTCTBEHHHH BHYTPeHHe—MOpPatb, 
ApyroH, oOpamenani kb «TH», BHBIMKeE OTBATCTBCHANH—Upapo *). 
Ha crpaxb fepsaro cTaHOBATCa apHHyapenie addexta copbcTu, Ha 
cTpaxb Broporo—mpaBoBoe UpHHyaxfenie. Ojwakome ipaBoBoe mpH- 
HyRIeHie MOMCTh ONTh YCTPAaHeHO COBBCTbW u adders coBBCTH, Bb 
CBO O4%epetb, BOsbyRJeHS UpaBOBHMb UpHHyejeniemb. Orcwza 
rbani paab nocrbactBift. Mopaab cyébekTHBHa, BB Upasb, HNp0- 
THBD, Tpedynmi umerh pbmenia nomMumo yObueniA OTPeKaWmMaroca. 
M tpe6ywmiii, u oTperawmifics 06a cTaHOBATCH Ob BABIN 
OOBCRTHBHYH CHAIy. Mopadb rHMoTeTHina 00 OTHOMIeHIW 4yHOTO, HO 
GesrpaHHWHO BAaCTByeTh BHYTPH BCero cyObekTa; paso, Hacbopors, 
BCerga Mepexogame oOTb ofsoro cyObekTa 0 OTHOMeHIN EB Apy- 
roMy, NO8TOMY UpHHyRAawnMlie aPekTH COBBCTH OTHOCATCA BABCb KD 
MOPatH Tab, Kakb «MlalOrb»> OTHOCHTCA Kb «MOHOLOrTy». AddekTH 
COBBCTH, Jarbe, OTHIONL He OFpaHHIHBaWTcs OMHOK O61acTBIO MOpAatH, 
HapOTHBb, BCC WpaBO CTOHTS NoOAb Baisniems copbcTH. IockompKy 
Upabo Jas OHO wan Jan OOBHXS yIACTBYIOMAXS CTOPOHD Mpeycta- 
BAAC€TCA KAKb ASBBCTHOC, HBT HENOCTATKA Bb COOTBBTCTBEHROMD MO- 
PAIbHOMS CyRK1eHiv#; Bb WpaBpoob6ssaHHOMb OHO BHpPaRaeTcA Bb BATS 
OTPHAWUIAXh BIA NpHsHawWMUXxb TpeOoRakia addertaxb copbcru, a 
Y UpaBoMOYeHHAroO—BDb OOpaleHid Kb COOTBSTCTBCHHHIMD ABARCHIAMS 
coBKCTH CBOeTO MpPOTHBHHKA. «Bcakoe mpaBo, koTOpoe He AMberTh 
cBoeH BHicmefi canROIH Bb COBBCTH HHIMBUAOBB, ecTb Oe3coBbcrHoe 
mupaspo». [lpasopoé upunyxzenie, KoTOpoe cONpoBoRAaeTh Mmpaso, 
TOAbKO O4CHB PBAKO BHIpamaeTcA Bh HeMOCPeACTBEHHOM’S HacudiKg, 
HAaNpOTHBh, OHO AbicTByeTh ICHXOMOTHYeCKH HQ MACCHI H cTporo 
o6ycaoBieHO AYXOBHOCTBIO‘ YeIOBBEA. OHaKO OpaBo OTAWYAeTCA OTS 
MOpatlH TSM’, ITO JAA HeTO Oc3pasIH4Hbl MOTHBHI, DO KOTOPHMS 
HCNOAJHAeCTCA Upucymee emy TpeOoBanie. OO YAOBACTBOPAeTCA BOA, 
pa3% TOIbEO BHMOAHeHA ero 3agaya **). 

AcHoe bx10, YO, pasb WpaBo ecTh YACTO NcHxmyeckoe Mepe- 
HHBaHie, KOPeCHAMecca BL <IBUTATeCAbHOM, OPO OHe3cosnaTeIbHOM's, 
MHINICHiIH> HHJUBHIa, TO IpaBO TepxeTb XapakTephb NCEANYUTeIbHO 
TOCYAAPCTBeEHHArO MpoHncxomwseHiA HM PasBUBaeTCA Be3I'b, TB TOAbKO 
<d> IPCIbABIACTL «TH> HMMepaTHBHOe TpeOoBasie. OTciogza Kaan 





*) KonkpeTHad HaIHYHOCTE ,Tpe6yliaro*, Cb OAHOH CTOPOHH, Hu ,OTpe- 
KaDMlaroca” Bb ero NOAbBY, Cb APyroh CTOPOHH!, AAA HANWIHOCTH DpaBoBoro 
hepomena He Tpe6yetca. JlocTaTouHO, CCH HANHIHOCTh TOTO H Apyroro co- 
Bepmiaetca ,in der Idee*, rakb Kak®b ecTb,in der Sittlichkeit Entsagende an 
die Niemand etwas fordert und fordernde denen Niemand die Entsagung 
reicht* (172). 

**) Tamb me, cTp. 150, 151, 155 nu cabgy., 157—191, 192, 193—195. 








54 M. PEA CHEP bt. 


HaXOMATb WpaBo cpesn pasboHHHROBD Bb HX Maiikaxb uw 6anyaxs, 
cpeqH a0Jef 101% EPOBOMS pa3sJHIHHXb K1ACcOBS A cocaoBili, Besxb, 
rxb BCTPbaaeTcaA CBOA YACTHAA HPAaBCTBeHHOCTH, BH OOMeECTBS cpexy 
ero CBBICKHXS oTHOMeHIfi uo T. 0. Takb, AaBpoOuHni Ma@XbUHED He 
BMBeTE paBa CUPalMHBaTh WHMEYN MPBABOPHYW aMy OTHOCHTeAbHO 
@4 3I0POBbA, COBBTAHED He HMBETS MPaBa MpocuTs Tatinaro KB cebs 
BL TOCTH, TepuHMif BLICKOURS He HM'BeTS MpaBa MPHTAacATh Rb BABTY 
CFO IIpeBOCXOANTeCABCTBO... H T. Z., 3TO OpaBd rapanTepoBaHoO H IpH- 
BOAHTCA Bb HCNOIHeHIe NPA NOMOMM BLTOBOpa, MpespbHis, OTAYGWeHiA 
oTh OOmectsa. Hi TpaHsHTHBHAad, HpaBCTBeHHad Mpupoga mpasa, 
HMBWUAad ONOPY Bb MpPHHYAKAeHIN, HHCKOALDKO He MbmaeTh TOMY, ITO 
o61acTh HpaBCTBEHHOCTH— MOpadH H NpaBa—saxBaTHIBaeTb Bb KOBTS 
KOHIOBS, Miph MaHTAaCTHYeCKAXD NpekcTaBienifi, HESeCMHHIX CYMCCTBS, 
6oroBh, wepTeH, aHTeJOBb A CBATHXb, WpaBpa KOTOPH Xb MpocthHMb 
ipecybijOBaHieMb 38 epech WoAyyawTh 3HhatenHie muBOH bHCTBH- 
TeALHOCTH *). 

PsXOMB Ch «atocopieh» MopalH H apaBa HKualnb yRasHBaeTh 
' HaMb HCTHAHOG coxepmaHie ThxXb TeHZeHnifi, KOTOPLIA JeRKaTb BD 
OCHOBB HPaBCTBEHHHXb MeHOMeHOBE. Coxepmaniemb HpPaBcTBeHHOCTH 
ABAACTCA NPHMHpPeHie HHIHBHAA Cb OOMeECTBOMb, MOAWHHeHIe ero CO- 
TiaAbHHMb WHTepecaMh BHIa, YeXoRbyectBa. Hakb MH BaALBIn, 
aT) CoREpMiaeTcA CHayala MIpPH MOMODIM pa3sIH4HHXxb akTa3Mb, He- 
SEMHLIXh OOPas0Bh H Mpedctapsenifi, KOTOPHA UPAXOAATh Ha NOMOMLD 
weOBbEy BB ero «Entsagen». Ho Bb onpembrcnHnii MOMeHTb, KOTLa 
BOCIHTaHie YaroBbEA 20 usBLcTHOf CTeneHH OpraHH3s0BaHo, BHICTYMAeTS 
Ha cileHy TOUHOe HayqHoe 3nanie H durocodia BL KayecTBs yOHBaW- 
Maro akTasMH MiDJenia. Crbaash cBoe zbr0, PHAocomia yMapaerTs, 
OHa caHBacTca co BceoOmeli HcTopn4ueckol HayKol, a «BCB EpOBaBhia 
H AparonbaAHA GyAOBANIa GesymHofi Bbpw 6pelyrh, Kakb YCUOROCHHHIA 
TbHH Bb WOASEMHOMD TapcTBh BocuoMHHaHia». He uszocopis, a ToY- 
HaA MpOAYKTHBHAA HayKa OCTAeTCA CUADM'h XPAHHTeleNS PakTOBb 
BONeTh YeAOBBueECTBO BE ero Jaababiimeii uctopin. UM Bp 6opp6b ch 
HHTepecaMH OTAbALHOH AMGHOCTH NOCTeNcHHO NOObRLAeTS YeAOBIeCTBO. 
Ch ycTpaneniemt AuKOH @auTa3sMb OTpbsauHaro OTL yeJOBbyecTBa «Ha», 
YeAOBBED BHAUTE BS OAHRAAXDG TOABEO TO He CaMoe, ITO HW OHS CAM'h, 
@ Cb HCYeSHOBeHICMh MHoa «Oe3cMepTHoH AyMu> HCYesAaeTh AaB aA 
onopa aHTHCOMiaibHaro sronsMa. «Dopelb 3a Heh NPAHOCHTh CBO 
CMEPTHYIO #epTBY He cO3sHaniemME rvdeitH camMoro ceOa, 2 KaKb BOS- 
pommenie cBoefl AH4HOCTH Bb OWHINCHHOMB BO CTOTHCAI-MBIJIOHO- 
KpaTHOMB MWposotmeHin cBoero OnTIA Bb OTXSADHHXD RV3HAXH>. 
BoosHb ecTecTBeHHo, ITO MpaBo, cTOAL THCHO ye TeNeph CBA38AaHHOe CE 
COBBcTbIO, WHME Jaibwe, ThMb SombWMe oTpbimaeTcA OTS MuSHWeECKaro 
NpHAyRAeHIiA H AOCTHTAeCTb 9THMB HE TOADKO BLIcIMe#, HaHOombe Oxnr- 
cTpo#, HO H ycnbmuofi wbiicrBuTreabHoctu. Mi ta «GesrpawHunas we- 


Oy 


*) Tamb-xe, 161—165. 





COBPEMEHHAS WPHCUPYZEHNIZ. 59 


JoBbyeckad 3O60Bb, KOTOPad MpelcTaBsserTb o0i1Hoe ciisHie <a» 
Ch YAOBSYCCTBOMD, BEETh Kb COBCPUICHHOMY YHHYTOREHIN STOHSMA, 
ABIACTCA TOIHHMD 8aBepmeniemb MopadH, HeOOMS Ha 3eMI'B, Bb KO- 
TOPOMb CXHBAWTCH, KAR PYIbH BS JOAUH'S, BCH HAPaBCTBEHHHA Te- 
yeHig> *). 

Takosa Teopia Kuanna, 2810KeHHAA BD CTO MEPBON ONNITS Bb OOAa- 
CTH NCHXOAOrH¥eCKarO UpaBa H MOpadu. Ecau upMnoMHHTS, 4910 Lerpa- 
HULK Bb SHAYATeEIBHOH CTENCHH COBNAMaAcTh, & YaCTbwW NpHOIMRaeTcs 
Kb Kaannty Bb cBoe# aMOMiOHaIbHOK NCHXO.AOFIA, BS CBOHX' ACXOJHHIXS 
IYHRTAaXb JAA MOcTpoeHiad HPABCTBEHHOCTH H MpaBa, Bb cBoelt Goph6b 
DPOTHBS WPHAWICCKHXE (akTa3mb H Jake Bb OKOHWATCABHOMS CO- 
HiaIbHOMB wieartb—AN60bb, KAKB WIL NOIKMTHKH NpaBa,——TO He1b3A 
He SaMBTHTb, ITO GpaBHeHie sTHXb IBYXb MHCIAuTeleH AOIKAO Mmper- 
CTaBETh 6oabWO HBHTepecb. OHHL—BO BCeOpyRiH COBPCMCHHHXE 
WPHAB4eECKHXS BHABIA HW LCHxOOrin, Apyrokh—mnocrbaoBaTeibHO MbI- 
cant MaTepialacTh Bb JyxXB OATHACCATHXS TOAOBS UpomAaro CcTo- 
abria; OHH, cTosmifi cpequ DoaAHaTO pasBHTiA COMIaIbHHIXb 6ypp 
COBpeMeHHOCTH, Apyrokh—ejzba HCONTaBMifi na ce6b nepBHit BSpHIBE 
1848 1., OJHHb—coszateib VOMIApHarO pata BLIaWMAxca H3crbA0- 
Bani BL OOAacTH rpamsanckaro UpaBa, o1paBoBok ocnxosoria # oOmek 
Teopia mpaBa, Apyrofi—crpomani aBroph Hebosbmok, 3a6mToOH Bcbuu 
MuAOCOmcKOH KAAKEH - H, OJHAKO, He CMOTPA Ha BCe pasaa4uie AX? 
o6maro MipoBosopbHia u mpieMoBh HsAOReHIA, He CMOTPA HA BCC CN'B- 
meHie quasi-PusioxorngeckoH HH wUcHxoONOrHYecKOH TOUkH 3pbHia y 
Matepiamucta Kuanta, (Ba MEICIHTeAA, pasiSieHHble NolycTOabriems, 
BCTpbiaWTcA APYrh Cb APYTOME H B8AaHMHO NOLMEPRABAWTh H pasdb- 
HCHAWTH APYTh Apyla: OHH OObeIAHEHH OOMAMS NCHXOAOTHIeECKHMT 
METOXOMD, OHH 06a AILYTS paspbmenia cBoell mpoOxzeMH BB NCHXO- 
AOTIH @AHHAar0, peaIbHO CYMIECTBYWMaro WeATpa OOMecTBeHHALO TBOP- 
gecTBa—Bb UCHXOAOLIH OTIBIbHATO WOBSKA. 

Bs cabayomet raasb ME mompobyemb Bb MO_poOHOcTAX® Upo- 
cCSBAHTB CXONCTBO H pasaHyie Memay yyeHiemb Llerpamuankaro H Hau- 
doxbe upH6juRawuluMucs Kb HEMY NOAOKCHIAMH H31ORCHHHXb HaMv 
BHIe mHCaTezeH. 

| M. Petcnep>. 


(Oxonyanie candyem>). 


*) Tamb xe, ctp. 30, 133, H qambme, 158, 184, 185, 194. 


56 I MOKITJEBCKI HK. 


Bunbamt Tomcout (Jlopnt Kenpeuut). 


(Biorpadauyeckaa 3am brka). 


4 (17) xexa6pa 1907 r. rexerpact onoBbcTurS Bech Mipb 0 CMePTH 
opya Keanpuna, Ooxbe asBbcTrHaro ny6agk5 001% aMeHeMD BuibaMa 
Tomcona (10pfomb HKeabBHHOM SHaMeHATHH (u3HEb OHI CIbiaHD 
1Hmb BB 1892 1. ). 

3a CBOW JOATyH, 83-abTHIOW RUBHb (OHD pOseIca 26 imag 1824 r.) 
TOMCOHb Cyb1alb TAaRb MHOTO, 4TO Bb HeOoabmMok Oiorpahayecko 
BaMBTEB, HallucaHHol, Kb TOMY #e, Jia Wy6.1WkH, He sHakOMOH Cb 
BHIcIeH MaTeMaTHKOH, MORHO JaTb AHMIb caMnf oOmii ovepKS ero 
TPYAOBb, T. €., COOOMATH 1MMb O TXB ero pavoTaxh, KOTOPHA BM'bUTL 
HawOosbmee sHayenie Aad BHpadoTKA OOmaro MipoBosspbHig, 114 Du- 
1oco@ix. 

Bb anrsifickof HayaHo# auTepatTypb co BpemMent Hpwrona yrsep- 
uicd DpekpachHhi TepMHHD (KOTOPHIM, KCTATH CkasaTb, BOSMYMaIca 
Tereab) «Natural Philosophy» (Kcrecrpennaas duxocodia), ylorpe- 
OAseMH «fia o6osHa tenia H3Crb_OBAHit 3aKOHOBS MaTepiaabHaro Mipa 
H BHIBUJOBD pesyIbTATOBS, He HAGA AAeMHIXS HeNocpexcTBeHHO» (Thom- 
son and Tait «Treatise on Natural Philosophy». Preface). Baecramam 
padoTHHKOMS BB OOsacta oTo# Natural Phijosophy 4 6nxb Baibams 
TOMCOHS, H OH'b JORUNE AO TOTO BpeMeHH, KOrMa Pu38HKO-XuMAGeCRiaA 
H3CXBJOBaHiA BHYBUHYIHCh Ha DepBHit M1anb Bb KayecTBB OCHOBHI 
Aaa Beso AbAcTBUTeIbHO-Hay4aHOe durzocodin, oTrbcHas Ha 3axHiff 
HiaHb O1OXOTH4CCKIA HayKH, KOTOPHA OHO BPeMA CUBTAIHCh Tr1aBHOw 
onopol Hayao durocodiaz. 

Yuenne, pasotawmie sb o6sactu «EcrecrsenHok muxocodin», m0 
CKkAaly cBoerO yMa AbAATCA Ha ABB pPBSEO OTAMGAWMIACA IPYTb OTS 
Apyra rpyHUH: rpyuuy AOTHKOBb-ahaJATHKOBS HW IpyONy ARTYHTHBB- 
CTOBb. OAHH paboTaNTh, riaBAHIMS OOpasoM'’b, MPH WOMOMIA JexyEMIB: 
Oepetca OOmee NO10KeHie A H3b HETO Marb 3a MaroMb, AHAAHTHICCKA 
BHIBOAATCH BEB NOCIbACTBIA; Apyrie HCXOAATS u38b Hariawwaro Upex- 
CTaBIeHiA, KOTOPOe OHH MOTYTL UPHCHOCOOINTE Kb CAaMBIMh OTBICICH- 
HEIME BOUpOCaM’b, H Bb CBOMXS BHIBOJAaXb pPyKOBOAATCA cBOHCTBAMH 
STOrO HaridquHaro mpesctapienia. Taxb, Hanp., Bb Aupdepenuiars- 
HOM'b MCUHCICHIH, TAKS HaSHIBAeMad «IIpPOHSBOMHaAA> UpescTaBlseTca 
OXHMMS BR POpMS aareOpanyeckaro BLpameHia, a IPYTuMb—BB PopM' 
KacaTeIbHok Kb EpHBOH. WcTopid HaykH 3HaeTh IHMIb BeCbMa He- 
OoOIbWI0e YHCHO YYCHBIX', KOTOPHIe OMIM ONHHAKOBO 6HIBHH Kakb Bb 
OTBICYCHHOMD aHalu3sb, Tak HW BS HATYATHBHOM® BocnpisTiv. BasbaMs 
TomMcoHS Ob116 pb3k0-BIpaxCHHHMb HHTYHTABACTOMB. OH Camb OL- 
Hab CKasalb mpo ceOa, ITO AIA Toro, 4TOOH NOHATH kakoe-IHG6O 


BHAbAMb TOMCOR’S (OPE KEXDBHHD). o7 


HayyHoe WOLOMeHIe, OH AOIRCHS CA'bAaTH (HAH BOOOPASHTL) KAKYH- 
HHOYAb MOMC1b, HATAAJHO HAILOCTPAPYMMYH STO NoAomeuie. BTo cBott- 
CTBO eFO YM& 10BeX0 KB TOMY, ITO, Ha PAY Cb KPYNHHMU TeOpeTH- 
Y@CKHMH OTEPHITIAMA, OHS CARIB MHOMECTBO YACTO HPAKTHYCCKAX'S 
y300pbreni, 40 ycCOBeCPUICHCTBOBaHHHXE BOJOMPOBOMHHXS KDPAHOR'b 


. BRADYATCIBHO... 3a KAaEYH ON OOTACTS HaydHaro A3CABAOBAHIA OHS HH 


Opasca, OHS MOUTH BCErAa NONYTHO AbAaTb H BARAWA MpakTHYecKiaA 
ycOBepmeHcTBOBaHis. Takt, Halp., KOIa NOXHSICA HOIPOCS 0 BO8- 
MORHOCTH wUpoBesenia kadela upesb ATaanTuyecki OkeaHb AAA CO- 
AuHeHIA Telerpad@oBb Kspomnt w AMO@PHEH, TO OkA8aA0Cb, ITO HA DYTH 
Kb OCYMECTBICHIN STOFOTpPaHAiosnare UpexNpisTia BCTPbiawTca Bax- 
HHA 3aTPyAHeHif, KaKb TeOPeTHYCCKAarO, Takb‘'H MpakTHyeckaro 
XapakTepa. TOMCOH saHHTepeCcOBalCA STHMD BONPOCOMS H 1arb Mpe- 
RpacHhld TeOPeTHYCCKIA HSHICKAHiA, PasbACHHBIiA ycIOBia pacmpo- 
CTpaHeHid SJOKTPHICCKHXS HMNYILCOBD Blob KaGereH HU OMHOBPeMeHHO- 
He YKA8aIb Ha CMOCOOH ycrpaneHis NpakTH4eCKHX’ SaTpyAHeHill, cBa- 
SaHHHIXb Cb Upolomeniemb kaGera. Ho ororo Mado, KOrga, BCXBAD 8a 
STHMS, BB 1865 nH 1866 roqaxb NpoklalWBaica TpakcaTAanTHyeckilf 
kabeib, H TOMCOHD, BB kayecTBs O1HOTO H8b BHHOBHAKOBS ycibxa, 
GHIb IPHTAaMeHb KB 3aBbAWBAHiW [BIOMS, TO pesyAbTATOMb eTo 
NOB3AKH 10 Okeany cefiuact xe abuAuCh us06pbrepia HOBarO AOTa H 
HOBarO KOMIaca; yeOBepMeHcTBOBAHHHH KomMnach Tomcona BOMerb BO 
BceoOmee ylorpe6senic. UToOH NOKOBYHTL Cb WpakTHyeckoH cTopoHot 
awbaTeabHoctH Tomcona, cooOmlum'b, Yo 4CAO ero HBB0bpbrenift Ha- 
CTOIBKO BOAHKO, 4TO CMelialbHad MacTepckad Bb [xasro 8abaTa TOAbKO 
H3POTOBICHIEME CFO allllapaToB. 

Uncro wayanad AWbaTersHocTs BuibamMa ToMcoHa Hawaldach O4eH 
paHo: Hepbad ero padota N0ABHJaCb Bb Mab 1841 roga, Korqa emy 
He OnLaO ene 17 abrs, w OHD Ob CTYJCHTOME Bb Oxchopl, a BS 
1846 roxy aABaqnaTuiByxb-rbtsiii TomcoHb yee saHaib kavelpy 
<ecTecTBeHHOh Pusocopin»(T. €., cOOcTBeHHO, TeopeTH4¥ecKoH HSHEH ) 
Bb TzasT0, KOTOPYH OHD H COXpaHHID Bb TeyYeHie MHOTHXb JecaTu- 
abrifi. Bp 1842 rogzy onb OnyOauKOBaID BeChMa BaHHoe BSCAbAOBAaHie 
0 PACIIPOCTpaHeHiH TEMIOTH Bb OMHOPOAHHXS TBEPANX ThIaXb, us- 
cabsOBaHie, ABHBMe€eCA MCXOJHHIMb NYHKTOMS CFO 8HAMeHATATO HSH- 
CKania O BOspacTB 3eMIH. ITO HSHCKaHie NOBeIO Kb ORMBICHHOMY 
CHOpy usHROBS Cb reosoraMA, copy, cOOcTBeHHO foBOpA, elle 10 
CHXb NOPb HC OKOHYCHHOMY, XOTA OJHHS H3B CTOPOHHHEOBD Tomcona, 
HsBbCTHHIE PusHkS ToTb, WaBHO ye OpoBoOsraacvas («O HoBbimaxs 
ycrbxaxt Pusu teckux® sHauill» a nepeBor’s nogs per. HM. Chyenosa, Cu6. 
1877 r.): «TBMB xyme Bla reosorin» (cTp. 154 ), ecau ea mpeycta- 
BHTCIH OCMBAHBAWTCHA CIOPHTh Ch JIOIbMH, BOOPYRCHHKIMA JadPepek- 
MaiIbHHMb H MHTeMpadbAbIMb HCYMCICHIANH. J'b10 Bb TOM, YTO HOBIE 
reoaxorH, JLafiorab 4 ero NocabsORATeIN, BLIVACIAA BpeMA, HEOOXOAUMOe 
Aid OOpasoBania seMHOH KOPH, OHH CAHIIKOMS Melph Ha MHIAIOBH, 
J€CATKH H aK COTHH MHIIIOHOBS ATS, BreveHie KOTOPHX, 10 HXS 


58 TlsMOKIEBCKIRN. 


MHBHiM, COBepmMadHch YreonorH4yeckie MponeccH; 9TO, OLITh MOMETL, 
OTYACTH OOBACHHETCA peagie MpoTHBS EpahHocTell IpeRHUXd Teo.s0- 
TOBb, AJOMYCKABMIHXS BOSMOMHOCTh BHESANHHX KaTacTpod's. Ho Kaxt- 
ObI TaMb HH OHNAO, ONHAKO, HEC@MHBAHO, ATO TeOMOrH YUYCTHIH 3b 
BHAY, YTO AyaMif cnocoOb BHYNCIeHIA ApeBHOCTH 3eMHOH KOPH 9TO, 
ROHEIHO, CN0coOb MaTeMaTuyeckif. Kt oTOMy MaTeMaTHIeCKOMY CuOCOOy 
¥ OOpatuica BuibaMs ToMcont, A pesyAbTATH eTO BLIYACAcHIK, KOTOPHE 
OH} BO BLOAHS 3akoHueHHoH dbopu’b obHapoxoBalb TOoIbKO BB 1876 r. 
(BB pbau, MpousHeccHHok uMb BB KayecTBB npexcheaTeld MaTeMaTH- 
yeckoH ceknin «Bbputancrofi Acconianiu 1a cnocubmectBaBanis pa3- 
BHTIW HayKb»), ITH Pe3YAbTATH BHBBaIH OOAbMYIO ceHcaliW Bb yue- 
HOM Mipb, TAKS Kak OHA ORAZAINCh Bb PBIKOMB UPOTHBOPBIL Cb 
yueHiaMu reolorosb. ApryMeHTH ToMmcona MIAH 10 HABCKOIBKUMDb All- 
HiAM’®, HO BCB OHH CXOJHIHCb Bb TOMS, YTO APCBHOCTA SeMHOM KOPH 
BbposTabe sBcero papya 20,000,000 rogamb H, BO BCAROMD’ Cayyas, 
HHK&Kb He MOReTS OnITh Oorbe 400,000,000 arbre. Teororu He 3axo- 
ThIA OTKASATbEA OTS CBOHXD GesrpaHH4yhoO-OCAbMIUXS DepioOBb H# 
MC#HAY UPeACTABHTCIAMH ABYXS HAayKb: PUBHEA N eOAOTIA, BABAZAACA 
cnopb. KowewHo, reOJorH HE MOTAM CHOPHTh MpOTHBb CaMHXb BhIYHC- 
teHifi, HO BbIb CBepxh 9THXD BHIINCIeHI eerb eme AaHHhls, Harb 
KOTOPHIMH HM ONCPHPYHTb MaTeMATHEH, NpousBoAAMie BHIIHCAeHiA. Yate 
CaMad SHAIHTCIBHOCTD AMMIATYAb ROTeOania BE OTBATS TomMeona (OTS 
20 no 400 MuaaioHoBb) ykashipaecTb, YTO OND He OOXaqaIb BUOIHS 
TOUNBIMH JA@HHBIMH Jad BALInCIeHI. Be camomb WAS, OWNS AIb TAAB- 
HHXB JOBOJOBR ToMcona OCHOBHBalca Ha BHYyTpenuch Tena0Th 3eMIB 
H H@ IOCTEN@HHOMDE CA OXJamIeHiH; HO MH Bb HacTosmlee BpeMa emle 
He 3H&aeCMb, KaKkb H3MBHACTCA NOMS BIiNHieMb OYCHE BHICOKAXL TeM- 
HepaTypb IIPpOBOAHMOCTh TeNAOTL BeleCTBAMH, COCTABARWMUMH Maccy 
BCMA: IpH OFeHb BLICORUXD TeMMEPAaTYpaxdb 93Ta WpPOBeAUMOCTh MOTAa 
HaCTOIBKO H8MBHHTBCA, YTO XONb OXAaMIeHIA SeMAH MOT MOAYYHTS 
HHO xapaktepb. Ozuako Tomcon npekpacso MOoHHMalb BCB 8TH He- 
JOCTATEH JAHHEIXS, KOTOPLIMH OHD O6i1alalb, H HMCHHO MOITOMY OH 
H Jaib Tako cpaBHHTeJbHO HeonpexbaenHwii oTBbrb: «BBpoaTHbe 
Boero 20 muasioHoBS FbTD HM HHEAKD He Ooabe 400 muaTiOHOBD IBTH». 
A xora reoxoru Bce ene clopatTs cb TomeoHomb, HO eFo OBOE 
MMBIH OFpOMHOe 3HateHie: TeEOMOrH NOCOKPaTHAH CBOH CpOKH H CTalIH 
OGMOTPHTeILHSe WpPH ONperbszeHin peBHocru semHoH KOpH. % 
OrpoMHBi HATepPeCh IpelcTaB.awTd u3scAboBania ToMcona 0 CTpoe- 
Hin MaTepin. 3ibcb OHD BOCHOIb3OBa.ICA SaMbIaTeAbHLIMH H8CIBAO- 
BaHiamMH Teabmroibya 06% abcoawTHoli HeyHHITOMUMOCTH BpalmaTesab- 
Hard ABAMeHIA Bb COBePUIEHHOH AHAKOCTH, fT. ©. Bb TAKOH KHIROCTH, 
Bb koTOpolt aOcoINWTHO ABTS HukakOro TpeHia MemAy YacTHNaMH. Buxpe- 
oOpasHoe KOALQO, Bpallawmeeca Bb Tako copepmeHAOH RAAKOCTA, HE 
MOReTh OLITD HA YHUYTORCHO, HA H3MBHeEHO; TAKUM OOPasOMb OHO 
ABIACTCH HACTOAIHMS ATOMOM, BOOTHS HHAMBAAYaIbHLIMb H HeHS- 
MBHACMEING. TOMCOR® NpeMNo0AOKUNAh, TO RCeCHHAA HaloAweHa CO- 








BHAbAMD TOMCOHD (OPA KEIbDBAH'S). 59 


BepmeHHod (7. €., MOBTOpsO, abcoMTHO AMMEHHOL TpeHia) RUAKOCTLN, 
KOTOPad HasHBaeTCA aPHPOM, TOMA, ECIH Bb KakOMe-1n60 MbCTS 
BOSHHEAO BUXpedOpasHoe ABUReHI®, OHO HAKOTAA He MOMCTS OLITS YHH- 
YTOMEHO: OHO 6OXPAHHTCH HAaBBEH HM BDL cBOeH NHIHBAAYaabHOH He- 
YHHYTORHMOCTH OOHAPYRUTE TB cBOCTBA, KOTOPLIA MH HaOJIOqaeMb 
BB MaTepin. Ham BOs_yXxh, Bb kayecTBs npexMeTa MaTepiabHaro, He 
€CTh COB@PMCHHAaA RUAKOCT HW NWOITOMY BAXpevOpasHHA ABuMeHIA, 
odpasyiomisca Bb HEM’, HE MOrYTh COXpaHATbCaA JO OeskOHeYHOCTH. 
Ho sce-TakH jake H BD aToll HecoBepmennolt cpex’b MOMHO HA ONNITB 
NOKASAaTbh SaMbyaTeIbHHA CBOCTBa BAXpecOpasHHIXd ABuReHIA. CTOuTS 
B3ATb JOBOILHO OOTBMIOH ANIMES CO 3HAIHTCABHLING KPYrablMb OTBep- 
cTieMb Ha e1HO cropoHb, Up vem CTBHKA AMGKa, MpPOTHBYMO1ORHAA 
OTBePCTiN, Cy'b1aHa H38b TYPO HaTAHyTaro NoJoTHA. HO AMARA OIRO 
OHITh O6HALHO NOHTO pacTROPOM aMMiaka H, CBepXb TOTO, Ha 9TO-*e 
HO CTaBUTeA OAWMCWKO Cb MOBAPEHHOH COIbW, MOAUTO! cBpHOK EAC- 
axoToH. Bcabaersie wbhicrsix chpsof kacaIOTH Ha DOBapeHHYW COdb, 
BLINBAACTCA COAHHAA KHCIOTAa, KOTOPaA, COCNHHAACh Ch AMMIAKOM, 
HalONHAIMHMD C060 AMARD, OOpasyerh xJOpucTHit aMMOHifi, HIH 
HamaTHph. WacTHoOH Hallarhips pH 9TOMb OBIBAIOTS TAR MCIKH, ATO 
OCTaNTCA BSBBIMNCHHHMH Bb BOSAYXS, Kakb AHMb. Tellepb, ceiu cib1aTb 


' BHesANHHH WH AOBOILHO CHAbHLI yrapb 10 NoAoTHaHOH cTbuKb AMuEA, 


TO H36 OTBEPCTIA BEICKAKHBACTE KPYF10e KOIbIO (COCTOAMee H3'b BO3- 
AYX@ H YACTHOD HallaTHps), KOTOPOe ABHAReTCA NO ROBAYXY, KAS 
HHAMBHAyaIbHoe TBepszCe Th10. UacTuniy sToro Roba UMBWTS Bpa- 
WaTedbHoe BuxXpecbpasHoe ABHReHie, KOTOPOe He MORETH ONITh YHH- 
UTOREHO (KOIbNO, HAUPUM'Sph, He MOET OnITh paspbsavo HHKAKUMB 
OCTPLIM® OpPyAiemb), KOIbNa He CMBINHBAWT6A HH Ch OKPYRAWMEMS 
BOSAYXOMG, HH APYTb °D APYTOME: OHA OTHOCATCH APY'b KD APYTY, RAK 
aba TBepALA yopyria Thaza. WM ecan6h OHH JRuTaANCh BB COBepmMeHHOk 
KHAKOCTH, TO 9TH CBOHCTBA HXS C@XPaHHAUCh Ob! HABBRH, Bb BO8LYX'B 
Ke OHH OOHAPYKHBANWTS DOAOOHHA cBOHCTBA JMWIb Ipm BuReHIA HA 
HBCKOIbEO cameHefi. 

Bb coa3qanin yucHia 0 MaTepiv, Kak 0 BUXpeocbOpasHOM ABUReHIn 
Bb COBEPIMeCHHOH MUAKOCTH, T. €., Bb OPHph, Bb cosqaHin sTOH KoCc- 
MHUeCKOH THOTesH, HarisqHO HAIWCTPApyeMOH pH NOMOINH Mpocroro 
AMLMKA Ch HallaTHpPHhIMb JHMOM, APKO OOHapyxHBaeTCA TO HHTYH- 
THBHOe CBOicTBO yma Buabama Tomcona, 0 KOTOPOMB MBI TOBOPHIU 
BhIMe, H KOTOPOe CTOIb BHCOKO WSAHAB TexbMroibih, cKasaBmilf, 4TO 
<Aapb WpeBppallath pealbabe akTW BL MaTeMaTHueckia ypaBHeHia 
H OOpaTHo, ropasz0 Ooxbe pbyoKs, TbMb Aap OTHCKHBATL pbmenie 
anno MaTeMaTHyecKOl NpobzeMH» H ITO BS OTOML OTHOMeHIN Buas- 
amb ToMcoHD ehanOorbe BEaeTcCa H HanOorbe opHrHnaten'b». 

XoTa sta Teopin MaTepiv, KakbB BuxpeoOpasHaro ABHReHiA, Bb 
HaeTosmee BpeMA HW OTBEpraeTcs OOABIMHHCTBOMS YICHHXS, OLHAKO MEI 
NO CHXb HOpb HMbeMD JMIUb ONY Teopilo MaTepiv, KOTOpas MOmeTD 
KOHKYPPHPOBaTb Ch Hew M10 cBOei cTpolnOcTH H KHSHECTOCOGHOCTH 


60 01. MOBRIEBCEI it. 


STO—HOBBHMY SICKTpHFeCcKy!0 Teopin Matepin. Ho store Mado; ECAH 
OHa H OyNeTh OKOHYATeIbHO QIBeprHyTa, TO BCe-TakA HABCersa OCTa- 
HETCA Of BACAYra, 8aclyra wepBoH BNOAAS NocUbOBaTeIbHOK NeMHTKA 
oObsCHeHIA B8AHMOOTHOMeHIA MexIy MaTepieH H MipOBLIMD 9ApoMD. 

Muays ray6onia 2 BaxHHA HB8hICKaHia Tomcona BB OO1acTH 91CE- 
TPOCTAaTHRH H TeOpid MAaTHeTH8Ma, KOHTAKTHALO SICKTPH4eCTBAa, TepMo- 
BICKTPNICCTBA, MEXA@HHYECKOH oHeprid COIHCUHOK CHCTEMHI, BHLIHCICHIA 
IPHIHBOBD H OTAHBOBD, BOAHYHHE! ATOMOBD H PaOOTH BL APYTHXD O061a- 
CTAXb PASUKH, MHHYA BCS OTH BONPOCH, KakD Gowbe coeniaibable, MH 
NO8HaKOMHMS Hallux yHTaTere# eme Cb OLHHMS yaeHiemb Tomcona, 
UMBIOMAMS OFTpOMHOe MuAOcOMcKOe sHadeHie. MH TroROpuMs 06+ yyeHik 
Tomwcoua 0 pascbanin oHepria. Pa6otw Tomcona, noBexutia &>b co3,aniw 
yieHia 0 pascbaHia onepriv, OHLIH BHISBAHHT CTpeMIeHieMb UpHciO- 
coOHTB Hyew Kapso (8HaMeHuTH «unit KapHo») Rb HOBNMS *u3H- 
YOCKUMD BOS3pBHIAM’, BOSHUKIMUMD BABACTBIe BHIPAGOTEA HOBAarO YIeHIA 
06% sHeprid. Bs sto obxacTa pa6oTalud OJHOBpeMeHHO BH HeE8aBACHMO 
Apylb OTL Ipyra abrawyaHnHD Tomcond uw wbmMenb Kaaysiych 4 uxb 
BHIBOAH, OTIHYAWMeca APYTb OTS Apyra no popm'b, OHH 0 cymMecrTBy 
TaKb CXOXHH, ITO STO OOCTOMTEALCTBO Jame DOcIyReIO NpuqHHOk 
CTOIKHOBOHIA MeRLY ANTIiACKAMA H HBMCNKAMH YICHEIMH, NOJHABIIEMY 
CHOPS O TOM’, KAKOH Haid IPHHALIeXATS YCTh OTKPHTIA TAaKb Hash - 
BaeMaro HES «BTOpOro 8aKOHA TePMOJHHAMHEM»: AHTIHWaHaMb aH 
HbBMlaM. 

Mul sHaeM’b, ITO TeNIOTA H padoTa TpeBpallawTcaA APyTh BE Apyra: 
TenIOTA (Hanp., MapBl) MpOH3BOLATS paodoTy, a pabota (Hanp., yAapb 
omwore TBepAaro Tbia O Apyroe) Nopomsaers TensoTy. Cagu Hapso 
8B CBOeMS Tpyrb «Sur la puissance motrice du feu», BkMexMeMb ene 
BB 1824 rony, BHICKa8alb MHICIb, ITO NOKATh BOOAH'S OTHOWMeRIe Mey 
pa6otcH uw TenxOTOM MOBO IHMb TOra, KOTTa MH OyeMb UMBTS 3a- 
KOHYCHHHIH HEI, T. €.. KOTa, HAanpaMbpb, BE Naposok MallaHS MBI 
pexctapum’ ceOb Takoli pay MponeccoBs, Bb KOHIS KOTOparo Naph 
BOSBPaTHTCH Kb CBOCMY NeCPBOOLITHOMY COCTOSHIN, T. €., TOMY COCTOSHI, 
Bb KOTOPOMB OHS OHA AO NPOMSBOACTBA pPadoTH. ToMcOHS A sansIca 
Hayyeniems 9TOTO OTHOMeHIA Mey TenXoTOH u paboTo#. PadoTa mo- 
RCTL IBIHKOMb NPeBPATHTLCA Bb TENAOTY; HAaNpaMbpd, Mp uapzesin 
OHOrO TRepzaro Thia Ha Apyroe BCH eHepria nMageHia MomeTS Mpe- 
BPaTHTbCA BS TenIOTY. HO TellAoTa He MOKCTS WHIXKOMD UpeBspamareca 
Bb paooTy H 9TO Ipemse Bcero NOTOMY, ITO TellOTA KaRLaro Jabwaro 
Tha MORETS MWPOH3BOAUTH paooTY AHMIb MOCTOABKY, MOCK@IbKEY 9TO 
ThIO Tenube OkPyKaMUXb ero ThIb; TakUMb OOpasoMb Boe TO KO- 
IHYECTBO TpakycoBh TeUIOTH, KOTOpoe oOme BCBMB ThIaMb aBHoOli 
CHCTEMEI, COBepIeCHHO HE MOReTH OnITh HCNOIb3OBaHO Ada paboTH 
BHYTpH 9TOH cHCTeMH. TelaoTa ecTb Ta opMa 9Heprid, KOTOpaa BO3- 
HHEaeTh Jerge Bcero Np BCX Npeppamediaxs. UM ato neToMy, 4TO 
<TENIOBAH SHOPTiA CCTh dHCprid ABEReHIA HeENpaBHIbAaro, Oesnopsj0y- 
Haro» (XBosbcons. Kypcs pusnku, Tom’ 3, crp. 2). «TemzoBoe 7BAmeHIC 


BHAbAMS TOMCOHD (10PA% KRIbBUAD). 61 


HaHMOH'be IPABHIbHO; OHO He HOABEPREHO, HACKOILEO H3BBCTHO, HHRAKEM'S 
YCAOBIAM, CBASHIBANMLAMS BCAHIAHE HW HallpaBlenia JBHAKeHIA ACTH, 
no Kpafine mBpb, ecan oTH YacTHOW He cocbayia. He Tpyqao NOHATS, 
GTO HMCHHO TakOe JBHReHIc JOAKHO OHTh HaUbonwe ENPORMHWMHD... 
Beaxoe ne-mensosoe deuocenie mamepiu donwcHo UMTEmb Cmpemsente 
K® nepexody 6% Osuocenie mensosoe. Tako mepexoyS BRSHBaeTCHa 
MaxbHIUMH IPHIHHAMA, PaSCTPAaHBaAlMHMU He-TenIOBCC, T. e., Oombe 
HIH MeHbe ynopaqorenHoe ABuxenie» (Xsomncows., |. c., crp. 3). 

I[buHOCTS oHeprik onperbAsetcs 64 CHOCOHHOCTLW MPOusBeCTH MeXa- 
HHYeCKYH pa6oTy, HO TaKb Kakb MeXanHyeCckad paboTa 8aBHCHTb OTb 
PasHOCTH Bb HalpaAKenin oneprin y paboTawmlaro Thla Hw Ok_pysanuiett 
cpeqH (Bce paBHO, 6yxeTb IM 9TO SHeprid TeNIOBas, sTeKTPHIECKAaA 
HIM HHad) TO TBMG paBHOMbpHbe OyxeTS pacipexbsena anepria m0 
BcexeHHOH, whub MeHbe ona GyseTs cnOco6Ha mponsBO_ATS paoory, 
' Tbwb MeHbe OyzeTs ef USHHOCTS. 

Mi BHXBIg, ITO dHeprid Up BCX ef Npespamenisxt umMbeTsS 
@CTECTBGHHOe CTPeMIeHie IPHHHMATS MOpMy TenmAOTH. Takum 06pasomM'b 
MHI MO1YIaeMt CIBLYMULyYO KapTHky MipoBoro Mponecca. Kumawi mpo- 
ecch, copepmanniifica Bo BceleHHOH, TpeOyeTh MpeBpailleHia sHeprin, 
BCAKOe UpeBpaledie oHeprid COMpeBOMAacTcA NepexogomM’d 1acTH sHeprix 
BL OesrbaTerbHoe cocToasie, O60 OHO CompoBORrZaeTca Gombe paBHo- 
MBPHHMS pacoperxbacniemb onepriz. Bob MopMH aHepria cTpeMATCA 
IpeBpaTHTbca BE TensoTy. CabxOBaTeibHO, MipoBoH pomeccs BeseTb 
Kb TOMY, ITO SHEPris, KOTOPad Telleph OOHAPYRUBACTCA BS PasIHIHblXd 
opMaxb H paciperbiena HepaBHoMbpHo (walpuM., COIBTe 4 3BBSIH 
OO6saNaWTh TPOMAIAHMH BallacaMH SHeprif), Bb KOBNB KOHIOBS pas- 
HOMBpHO pacnpeABAHTCa, PaBHOMBpHO pasceemca (0 BHpakeHiv 
Tomconwa) m0 Bce BCeIeHHOH Bb opMB coBepmieHHO OfBHakOBOH Te- 
ILAOTH. 

MH yHOMAHYAH Bile, ITO CAMHCTBEHHHIMB Cepbe3HHMb KOHKYD- 
peHTOMS yaeHia Tomcona 0 BuxpeoOpasHomb cTpoeHiH MaTepia aB- 
aneTca HOBBHMasa oleKTpHieckags Teopia Matepin. Kt oTOMy MO#HO 
pHOasuTb, ITO BooOme cyxAb6a Tomcona 00 OTHOMeHIW EB u3y4eHII0 
SHCETPHICCEHXD ABAeHI AOBOLHO cBOeOOpasHa. OHS MHEOLO TPyAwACA 
Hay+ YACHCHICMb MAFHHTAHXS H OICKTPHYCCKHXD SABACHI AH OUeHS 
MHOTO CXBIaID Bb OTHXS OOJacTAxXb. OnHAakO He emy, a Kaepry Makc- 
BCAND CYRICHO Ob1A0 CO3LATh B8HAMEHATYIO DICRTPO-MALHATHYW TeOpilo 
CBbTa (IPHBeAMYO, Kakb A3BBCTHO, KB H30Opbreniw SOesmpoBox0yHaro 
Trerzerpada). 9TO—cayyalt BecbMa HHTepeCHEI, TAKS KARL OHS HAlAATHO 
WOKA3HBaeTH TO pa3zindie Bb CTPOeCHIH YMOBS CpesH BHICMHXS Mpel- 
CcTaBuTeleH MaTeMaTHYeCKaro 3Hanias, 0 KOTOPOM MHI TOBOP4IH BHM 
H OCyYIMeCTBOBaHiH KOTOparo Jame H He NulO3pbBawTh JWI, He 8Ha- 
KOMHe 6b BHcHieH MaTeMaTHRKOH H MpexcTaBlawmie ce6b BCcbxXb Ma- 
TEMATHEOBS CO8{AaHHHMH 010 OJHOMY Wabsony. Ab10 Bb TOM, ITO 
Kaepeb Makcuetib 651% yaeHHKOMB ToMcoHa H HacTOIbKO NpOHHECA 
eTO HesAMH, ITO ToMcoHa MORAO 10 NpaBy HashHBaTh BAOXHOBATCICMD 





62 Tl. MOKIEBC KEI &. 


Magcaeiis. OxHaKO, TAK Kakb Makcaedib Ob OYCHb KPYDHHIMS H, 
CABLOBAaTC.IbHO, OPATHHA-IbHHIMb YMOMb, TO OH MOMesrb BUOIH' CaMo- 
CTOATCIBHO H H36panb Tako DyTh, KOTOPHH OLB COBEPWICHHO TKI 
Tomcony. H Tomcowb 20 KORDA RUSH He 8aBAIb BUOAH'S ONperbseH- 
Haro OTHOMEeHIS Kb 3HAMeHHTOH Teopin cBOero yaeHHEA. I panza, nocrb 
AOITHXS KoteGanifi OH UpHsHatb yrenHie MakcBeria, HO OJHOBpeMeHHO 
Cb TBMb 4FVBOTBOBAIOCh, ITO OHO TAKS IVRAO CFO YMY, ITO OHS TOABKO 
H AYMA€Tb O TOM’b, KAKb OW MDPUCIIOCOONTD ero BB CBOeMY Oobe Me- 
XaHHweckoMy cnocoO6y MoHuMaHia sABIeHIH. 

Counnenia Tomcona pascbaHn BO MHOmecTBS usqanii. SHaqHTedb- 
Had YacTh HX cOOpaha Bb TPCXb TOMAXb, H8LAHHHXD NON HasBa- 
Hiems: «Mathematical and Physical Papers». Csepxb Toro OHB COB- 
MBCTHO cb TeToMb u3farb «A Treatise on Natural Philosophy» (BHTUAH 
TOIbKO ABB YacTA NepBaro ToMa). SaMbiaTe.bHH Take ero OOAbMIA 
craTbu: «Tenzora» H «Yupyrocth», NOMBIeHHLA BB «bputTancKol 
OHUAKIONCTIN». 

ABTadi TOPRecTBeEHHO WOXopokHa ocTaHkH Buabama ToMcoHa Bb 
Bectmuactepckomb AOGOatcTBS (9ToMb anrtiicsoms Llanreons), mpu- 
4YeMb YCTPOHTeIH MOXOPOH'S BHIPasHIH CBOW BHICOKY!O OMBHRY 3aCclyrh 
TomMcoHa MexIy NpowwMS ThMb, ITO MOXOpOHHAR ero 6oKb-0-O0Kb Cb 


HbwroHoM’. 
fl. Moniescuii. 


Crap u Mononon Upaut. 


(II pHuHHE! MepcHyACKoH peBoAMNiH H DepBHe mara ea). 


I, 


Yue we Hepsnit pasb pack, cuynranomia ceOa «BLICIIHMH», H 
Halla, TOopasaitiaca cBoe KYABTYpOH, HCIEITHBAaWTS KPyUHHe HOMATH- 
yeckie CHPIPH3H, KOrga OTCTaIbe, «<BapBapckie»—Bb AXb rxasaxs— 
HapOAh BAPY'b 8aAdBIAWTh UpaBa Ha YeAOBBIECKOe CYMECTBOBaHie H 
OOHAPYRABAWTh KAKb pasb TSB cTpeMJeHiag, KOTOPHA, 10 MHBHilO 
O1HSOPYKHXb HOCHTeteH coBpeMeHHOH UuBHAMBANIH, IpHAWGeCTBYWTb 
TOIBKO HMB, APHCTORPATAaMb weOBhyecKkaro poka, a OTHIOAS He a- 
CHHKAMB HCTOPIH, KHBYDIUMB Y'b-TO TaMb, HA SaXBOPKaXb KYABTYp- 
Haro Mipa. ITO HesopasyMBbHie BL OcOOeHHOCTH YacTO MpOHCXoauTS 
NOTOMY, 4TO Takt HashBaeMble MUBUAMSOBAaHHHe Hapossl CTAaAEMBAaAlTCA 
Cb «<HHSMHMH» pacaMH ropasgo MeHbe BL JHB CBOHXS ueHHHXh 
BHipasuTeteh, YbMb Bb JHB CBOHXS LOCYAApCTBeHAHXh Abatexe u 
WpeAcTaBuTeseH HMYOIHXb H WpaBANexb kKiaccoBb. Hemyyzpeno, uTo 





CTAPmMH HW MOJOJ0H HPaAH?.. 63 


8TH KYAbTYPTperepH, BLIPaKad HATePechl roaoit CHAR) HM SROHOMHAQC- 
CKarO XHI[HHYeCTBAa, H CMOTPATh Ha He CTOIb «THBAIH30BAHHHIA» 
HapOJHOCTH, JHUb KAaRb Ha OObCKTE HacHdin Hw akciayaTaniu. Ha- 
CYMHLA me HoTpe6xoctTu u yesosbueckia crpemaesia u Boodme pas- 
AHGHHA CTOPOBH OOMIECTBeHHOK *Ka3AA 3.AONOAYYHHIXh «HA3UIHXb>»~ 
pac& He TOUbKO He OCTaHaBIHBaWTb Ha ceOb BHUMAHIH OTHXD BLI- 
COKOMBPHHIXD DHBUAH3aT@pOBD, HO, HAOOOPOTS, BbISHBAWTS Y HUX'D HII b 
NOKBMaHie MICYAMH, IPeSPHTeAbHHIA YINOKH H PB3kid BadBAeHiA, ITO 
Bb MCKIYHAPOMHLX CTOIRWOBCHIAXE HAO AepKaTbcA «TpesBolt 101H- 
THEH>, & He «<ryYM@HHTapHaro CeHTHMCHTaIbHHYaHia». MW BOTh On 
Aepmatca oTOH tpesBo MOAHTHEH, OOIHTHKH «31aTa», KOTOpOe BCe 
MOKETL «kyNHib», H «OylaTa», KOTOPH BCe MOET <B3adrb», MOKA: 
yrHeTaeMad H 9KCHIyaTUpyeMaad HMM paca BApyrb He OOHApYRUTS Ta- 
kOH MHS3HEHHOCTH H TakOH CHOCOOHOCTH KB PasBUTIO, ITO FOpAeAHBHIii 
HHOCTPaHeHb Ch H8YMIeHieMS OCTAHABAUBAeCTCA, HAYHHACTD MIpPOTHpPaTh 
ria3sa H Bb cayaah, ecau HayaBmieeca cpezu cBbRe Hanif ABuReHie 
OKaSHBaeTcA NOOBAOHOCHHIM, NBTh JBDOMBPHHe THMAHN ThMb CaMbIM'b 
«BapBapaMb», KOTOPHXb OHD elle Tak’ HeJaBHO TpeTHPOBalb BNOAAS 
GessacTbHuHBO, K&akb ABYHOFHXDS CKOTOBS. IIbTb THMAH, KOHEYHO, 
AHDIb Cb IBID) NPACHOCOOHTECA Kb B3MBAHBINUMCA eOcroaTesyérnaM 
H Wpolosmath MOAMTHEY XHULHHYeCTBA A AKCIAyaTalit Bb HCHOBbI- 
TaBuiel O1aroTBOpHYH PeBOAMMIW cTpaHs. 

BHO ON CAHDIKOMB AOITO OCTAaHAaBIHBAaTbCA Ha KOHKPCTHHIX'S 
IpaMbpaxh Takore WHBHIAsaTOpcKaro DoBeseHia. BS HeMb NOBHHELI 
peACTaBATelH BAACTH H KaNHTala BCBXb KYAbTYPHHX crpayst, — 
pasymbercs, Cb HBKOTOPHMH pasiayiaMu Bb TakTHKb, KOTOPHIA O6y- 
CIOBIHBAWTCA OTUACTH X@PAKTePOMb MOIHTHIECKHXS yupemsenili 
BHYTPH came «<IHBHIH3yYWMmeH» CTpanH, a T1aBkoe —CTeMeHbW COupo- 
THBICHIA, KAKOC MOMETH OKRASATh UY2ReseMHOMY XHOIHHKY UpobyHB- 
MadcH BB COSHATCIbHOH ARH3HH «HABIad» paca. 

Bs yacTHOCTH, Ha UupamMbpb coppemesHok Ilepciv MH yBHXUM4, 
MOHLY IPOUHMD, KAR eBporelickie NHBHAMsATOPH OHH 3ACTHTHYTH 
BPacHAOXb OCBOOOIUTCALHHIMB BUiKeHieMb, MUPOKHHYBINAMCA BTE- 
yeHie NOCXbJHUXb ABYXDb IBTS Cb TakoW cuIOW Bb Upautb, a BMbcTh 
Ch ThMb, EAKb MAIO COMepHaawulie Bb oTOH cTpanb MexAy codow 
abranuaHe, pyccsie, OerbritnW, HBMOM, PpaHoy3sbi 4 T. 0. AbACTBROBAIE 
H IposolKawTs AbicTsowaTb Bb MHTepecax® PepMupyiomietica rpamman - 
CTBEHHOCTE, UpeJUOUnTad TAHYTh kKaKiuit no6zume EB ceOB cka- 
TepTL OesnomaiHo ogcnayatauin Ty3semHaro HaceszeHig. TbMB HAHTEe- 
pecmbe cTaHOBUTCd 21H Hach 38Ja29a H8YYHTh CaMO OCBOOOINTeIbHOe 
apumeHie [lepcin, BeIMKYIO HPAHCEYIO peBOAWNMIW, NPOMSBeAWYH CTOIb 
KPyYUHHA u3M’bHeHiA Bb CTpanb, KOTOpyW elle cOBCBMB HelaBAO Ha- 
6aw Matern CInTaaH OOpeweHHoOwW Ha BBB 3acTeH HM COB, Tak 
NOSTHIECKH OXAPakTeCPH3OBAHAHH HamtuM’ JlepMOHTOBBIMD: 


. MH CKNOHACS Bb AWIMY KalbAHAa 
Ha 1BBTHOH HBaH?, J 


64 H E. &YRPH HS. 


Y xemMuyxuaro Ponrana 
JipemueTs Terepant... 


Pasymbetca, u3b HHWerO HHAYerO H HE NoAyyaeTca. JoimAo N0- 
STOMY UpeqmoraraTb, 4To BS Ilepcin ye cpaBHATeAbHO aBHO 3p bin. 
H NOJTOTOBIAIHCh Kb NOABIeHIO Ha cBbTD Boxili Th oOmecTBeHHHA 
CHIH, KOTOPHA CIOMHIHCh Bb WBAYIO HaMiOHAAbHYW peBOINMMIW, Fay- 
600 MOTPACMYH OCHOBH HpaHckaro rocyxapcTBa H OObmalMlyw He 
Cero,BA—s8aBIpa UPOMSBeCTH KOPeHHYW JOMEY H BB OOAACTH COMAIb- 
HHX® oTHomeHif. KH HecyacTil0, JOKYMCHTE, KOTOPHMH MBI paciio- 
NaraeMbh OTHOCHTeIbHO Leorpadid, CTATHCTHEU, KYALTYPH, HCTOpIH, 
MOIMTHYCCKEHXS OPM CTpaHH, coliatbHaro OHTa Hu MipoBosspbHig 
Hapola H KOTOpHe MOrIH OHI NOMOUL HAM UOAMBTHTS STOTh MpexBa- 
pHTeIbHHH mponecch, win yctapbiw, win xe TpakTyWTs Ilepciw raas- 
HEIMb OOpasoMb Cb chemialbHoH TOIkH spbHid KOMMePYeECKUXS, HAL, 
Ipomle CkasaTb, XHOLHHYECKAXD HATepecoOBh ye YOOMAHYTHXS WABH- 
ausaTopopb. He mbmaerh ormbruth TOTh (akTb, YTO CcOUMHeHIS, 
HpelcTaBisawWilia HavOorbe cepbesHhHA MOUHTKH MPOHHKHYTS Bb KYAb- 
Typy Lepcia, 8% upaBh es o6utTaTereH, Bb NCHXOOTiN HX, Halls- 
CaHH CPaBHHTeIbHO AaBHO, AO Nepioxa TOTO cTaxKaTelbHaro CTpeMIe- 
Hid Ha.BocToRb, Drang nach Osten, KoTopoe xapakTepuayeTb Abs- 
TCIbHOCTh COBPeCMCHHHIXE KamdTalWCTHYeCKHXS KOHEBUCTAJOPOBh Bb 
Tlepciu. Taxozo «nyremecrsie» I[lapgona *‘). Taxosn «ovepra [ep- 
ciu» Maszpkoupma 7); «Tpu roga Bb Aziz» rpada je-Tobaxo °); 
«Ilepcia 4 ea “muTexH» joxropa [loraka *); «dTrHorpadia Depcia» 
Hamero XauHkosa ©), Ws cpaBHATeibHO HeqaBHHXt paOoTb pH- 
OIUBHTCIbHO TaKOTO Xe XapakTepa MH MOReMb YHOMAHYTD pa3sBb 
«Ilytemectsia» Vsa6ermm Bapap *); oryacta Cnena XefnHa *), 
«lox cpequ mepcost» Bpaysa *); u o6mapanti yoKgay 0 Haya- 
HOH Muccix dpanntysa je-Moprana °). Ecth, pasymbetca, H elle 
HBCKOIbKO CepbesHHXb TpyxOBb O Ilepcin, onyOIHROBABHHIXS Bb T0- 
crbania pecatuarbria u yame nocrbauie roqgw. Ho oH HIH HOCATS 
wepesiyph cihlemiaibHHi H YacTHHH XapakTepb (TaKOBLI CTaTbH Bb 


1) Jean Chardin, ,Journal de son voyage en Perse“; AmcTepfaMb, 1686. 

2) Sir John Maleolm, ,Sketches of Persian Life and Manners“; Jlos- 
QOWD, 1828, 2 T. 

*) Ch. de Gobineau, ,Trois ans en Asie’; [lapnan, 1859. 

“) Ed. Polak, ,Persien. Das Land und seine Bewohner“; Jlefnuurs, 
1865—1866, 2 1. 

°) N. de Khanikof, ,Mémoire sur l’ethnographie de la Perse“; Ta- 
puxs, 1866. 

*) Isabella Bird, ,Journeys in Persia and Kurdistan“: JlongoHb, 1893, 
2 T. 

") Sven Hedin, ,Genom Persien, Mesopotamien, etc.“; Croxroubm., 1887; 
H ero xe: ,Genom Khorasan och Turkestan“; Croxronbms, 1892. 

*) E. G. Browne, ,A Year amongst the Persians“; Jlonzoub, 1893. 


*) J. de Morgan, ,Mission scientifique en Perse“; [lapaxt, 1894— 
1897, 4 T.' 


] 


CTAPHR H MUJOJON MPAA. 65 


PaSIHIBHIXh TeOrpapH4yeckHXb AYPHasaxdb wSBBCTHArO sHaTOKAa I[lep- 
ciu4, Toyryma-I[usgispa '); wan RacaloTca MCEAIOIATCABHO OHOH 
K2KOH-HHO6yIB CTOPOHE whra: *<TOproBLixt «@THOWeHI#» *), reo- 
sorin *), apxeosoriu *), wT. 2. 

Cabayet> samMbruts, iro riapabiimie . reorpadugeckie, craTucTu- 
yeckie, SKOHOMHYECKie H KYIbTYpHO-ObITOBLIe pesyabTaTH Han6oxrbe 
BaHHXS pabors, NMOCBaNleAHLIxb [lepcin, pesioMHpoBakH CB OOHIY- 
HLIMb MaCTepCTBOMh 9av39 Pek Bb cro reorpadin «llepeznefi 
Asiu» °), a aia Gorbe mo3qnAro BpeMeHH Bb CTaThB «Ilepcia> MHOrO- 
TOMHAarO dpanuysckaro «leorpadugeckaro CaoBapa» ux «II prromenia> 
KB HeMy °). 

Wis nuxe HaMb UPHAeTCA HOab80BaTbCA TBM HAH APYTHMD HS DH- 
THPOBA@HHHXb HaMH COYNHEHIH, MOCKOABKY 93TO MOKETh MPHTOMATBCA 
1A O8HAKOMACHIA YATaTetTel Ch MaTepiaIbHHMH HH HeHHIMH OCHO- 
BaMH DepcuAckohH xa3sau. W6o Hanionarbnad peBOAWOIA BHTeKIa, He- 
COMH'6HHO, 285 pasBHTid ASROTOPHIXh CTOPORS OTOH RUBHH, PaHbille, 
MOBHAHMOMY, HeAOCTATOYHO OIFBHEHAHIXD HaOANAaTeAAMH, HO Bb 10- 
cABAHee BPeMA IOATOTOBHBIIHXh CROHMD BSaBMOAbHCTRIeMS NOIY 1a 
RelHKaro mepeBopoTa. Ky HecyacTin, HMeHHO coOHTia Moca by RHX> 
ABYXb ABTS BE Ilepcid Ho Hamad JO CHXD Hops O6oOmanmeH ONBAKH 
i Jake He Om4H ws06pameaW cb JocTaTOUHOH TOUHOCThW H NOCABAO- 
BATCABHOCTBWO, @CCIH HC CIHTATb FaseTHHXb M KYPHAIBHHIXS CTaTel 
pycckoH uw sarpanuyACk ipeccH, c1lymHBUeH BB STOMS OTHOMEHIH To- 
pa3gZo Goabme HHTepecays'b MABYTH A YAOBIeTBOPeHilO AWOOMHTCTRA 
yHTaTe.ieH CeHCaDiOHHHMH HOBOCTAMU, USM YACHEHIW cMBICAA OBICTpO 
pasBePTHBaBMAXCA HOBLIXE ABIeHI#. /[OBOAbHO MHOFO akTHYeCKAarO 
MaTepiana, H IIpH TOM BSHTaTO B3b MePCHACKHX) HCTOUBHKORD 
Bb CaMOMB pasrapb coOntili, sakimueHO BR pycckoit padorb r. M. 
A. 7). Ho oro coumnenHic crpayaerb oTcytcTBiemb obo6mannlaro 
B3rAs 1a. 


1) A. Houtum-Schindler, ,Reisen in siid-westlichen und nordlichen Per- 
sien“; pb G6epannckod Zeitschrift der Gesell. fiir Erdkunde, 1879, MN 1 x 2. 

*) Cm., Haup., F. Stolze und F. C. Andreas, ,Die Handelsverhialtnisse 
Persiens*;—coctTasseTb 77-yi0 ,0NOIBHTCAbHYN TeTpanp“ Kb ,Petermann’s 
Geogr. Mittheilungen“, 1885. 

5) Hanup., pa6ota Ulrana (A. F. Stahl) nb 122-04 ,rerpayu“ toro xc 
H3aHis, Bhimexqmeh Bb 1897. 

4) M-me J. Dieulafoy, ,La Perse, la Chaldee et la Susiane“; Ilapna, 
1887. : 
5) Elisée Reclus, Nouvelle Géographie Universelle. IX. Asie anteri- 
eure“; [Iapnxs, 1884, erp. 159—316. 

°, Vivien de Saint-Martin et Louis Rousselet, ,Nouveau Dictionnaire de 
géographie universelle*. IV; Iapnxs, 1890, crp. 734—.757 u ,Supplement 
N° 16%; 1899. 

77M. A. «<fluocabanee nouurHseckoe aBnxenie Bb [Iepcin. [Io pascka- 
2aMBb epcopb-terepauuesh». Baicycke uepapwh; C.-Iferep6yprb, 1906 |: 
Toro «xe apTopa: <llosmbaHee nomHTAYecKOe ABHKXeHIe Bb Ilepcin. To nep- 
CHICKHMb rasetamb>. Baycks Btopon, 1907. 

Agsapp. Otabar ii. 5 


66 H E. « YR PH A bd. 


Hakonelb, TaMb, rah WewaTHbe JOKYMCHTH 3akiJHYaiw UpoO BAL 
WAH BH3bBaIH HesopasyMbHia, MHMyui oTH CTpokA UpHObrarb BD 
xw6esHoMy cCORBHCTRIW OHOTO H8B OUCH KOMMCTCHTHHXD ARIS WO 
TePCHACKOMY BOMpecy, a HMeHHO OOpasoBaHHaro Depca, mpaHagrema- 
Maro Kb BHICHIeMY COCHOBIW, HO BCeW AYWOW Npesanwaro ocBOOOAH- 
TCAbHOMY JBHReHI cBoeH poyHHH. Pasymbetca, oOmecTBeHHOe M0X0- 
aseHie MOero COOeCBAHHKA He MOFHO He CKkasaTbCH Ha eFO BaTasax. 
Vakb, OTIHYASCh IWMPOTOW Bossp bai BL YHCTO NOAMTHUeCKOH 064a- 
CTH, 9TOTh HBOH H HHPEPeCHHH IOBBED YR CpaBHATeAbHO He- 
OXOTHO Kacaicd# UpH pasropopb cO MHOW BONpoOca 0 BO8MORHOCTH 
CePpbeSHHXb COMaIbHHXS u3MbHeBIH, ocodeHHO Bb chepb KpynHaro 
B3eMCAbHATO BAaAbHia. Bb TAKHXD CAYIAAXD A CTapatca UpHOIMsHTbCA 
Kb HaH6orbe BBPHOMY IpescTaBleni oO UpexMeTb NyTeMb, CCAH MOKHO 
TaKb BHDPasuTbCA, DepekpecTsaro AOUupOca HMBBIIAXCA y MCHA NOT 
pykoti gokyMenTops. WM xorbsoch OH AyMaTb, 4TO, No Kpalineli mbps, 
KAR MOUbITKA, MOH STIOsb O KYIBTYPHO-HCTOPH4eCCKBXS YCIOBIAXD H 
© COBpeMesHOH OopbOB crapo# u meazogzoH Ilepcin MomeTb sanHTepe- 
cOBaTb PYCCKarO YHTATeIA, WepCKABAWIUATO KAKb pasb akalOrH4Ayw 
@asy NOIMTHIeECKAarO PasBHTIA. 


Il. 


Mrakh, <HaqaHad Cb Hawala», DO8HaKOMUMCA, Mpexze BCero, cb 
MaTepiadbHBIMH HW JYXOBHHIMH YCAOBISMH CYMecTBOBaHia NepcHACcKOH 
HalionaibHocTH. Aro rakoe Uepcia u kakoBh xapakTept stoi crpanh? 
Ifepcia, mo-epcuacka pan, coctaBiaeTb JHMIb YacTb HABEOrTA 
orpomHo# Ilepcnycnofi MonapxiH, KoTupas BB HH KamOusa u Ja- 
pis Mpoctupasacb oTb Ungza go Cpexusemnaro u yo YWepparo mo- 
pet, o6Onumaa Maazyr Asito, Cupio, Eranerh u tT. a. Bb HactToa- 
iifee Bpema Ilepcia Bce xe NpelActaBrageTb co60!W OYeHL OombMIOe Lo- 
CJAAPCTBO, 3aHHMaloMee Bb BAIS paBHoOelpeHHaro Tpeyro.bHAka,— 
TOUHBeE, CekTOPa,—poctpaHcTRO BD 1.645.000 RBagpaTHHIX® RATOMe- 
1poBb (1 EB. kM.==0,879 KB. B.), T. 6. HeMHOrHMB Mente Ppannin, 
PepmMauin nw Asctpo-Benrpia, B3ATHXb BMbcTB. MW omnakO HO STOMD 
ipOCTpaucTBS ABET BCero Y—10, MOReTS ObITH, camMoe Oorpmee 15 Mua- 
JIOHOBL Hapody; Ip Gems oTa NOcIbARAA Wubpa Onaza coobmen#a MBBS 
MOUM’® Co6eCBAWHEOMD, KOTOpHH cunTaeTs Bch esponefickia ombaKu 4H- 
(1a M€pCOBb 8HAYHTeABHO HURe WACTBUTeCIDHOCTH, XOTA Bb TO Ke BPeMA 
“RENTHYCCEH OTHOCHTCH Kb NAaTplOTHYCCKAME MpeyBeIHyeHigMb CBOHXS 
COOTeYCCTBEHHHEOBS, TOBOPAIIHXB O «BeIHKOMB 20-MHAJIOHHOME Ha- 
poy», KAR STO BHPBAIOCh HEAABHO HSb YCTb OAHOFO AelyTaTa, Mpo- 
H3HOCHBIIaro Bb LaplaMesTB pbib Bb UPACYTCTBiH maxa. Itakb On 
TO HH O10, CCIH H UpHHATS Dadpy Hacexzenia papno# 15 mangio- 
HaMb, TO BCe Ke 9TO CUCTABHTS Ha KBalpaTHH KUAOMeTPB He Ooxbe 
‘) muTedeH, T. €. CTOIBKO, CKOIBKO Y HaCh CUMTaeTCA HaceseHia wa 


CTAPHH ‘ MOZONOH PAH. 67 


KeagpaTHu KaAOMeTph Bb Opex6yprcko# uan Tlepmcxot ry6epxin. 
A OCT@HOBHCh MH H& OOMeENPHHATOMS uCUMCAeHin, 9—10 mMaazaiOHax, 
M HAXOTHOCTA HaceseHia Bb [lepciun onasarzach On exe-e46 MpeBOCXO- 
aamen O—6 muTexeli Ha KRAaIpaTHHi KMAOMCTPb, T. @. HeEMHOTHMD 
OOXbIG +OTHOCHTeIbHarO HacexeHia Hale ActpaxanckoH ry6epsiz, 
yb NecKH H COXOHIAKH 3aHHMAWTS TARY TpOMalHyW MA0Mlalb. 

Ye oTa cta6ag wacezeHHocTs Ilepcin nosBoiseTb Ham’ a priori 
B3aKAN4aTb, ITO Bh CHJY JH [IpPHPOJHHXb HIN comiatbHO-NOAUTH- 
YECKHX® ycsoBii, HO Upanb npHhaslexuTb Kb CTpanaMb, Bb KOTO- 
PHXb KYIBTYpa AOIKHA PASBHBATbCA AUDIb MeteHHO. Thus Ooxbe, 
WTO TeppHTOpia coBpemMeHHOH Ilepcin Ontia. yRe OveHb BaBHO apeHol 
HBROTOPOH MHBAAMBADIN, TAKD Kak’b yee cb kOnUA VILI-ro BbKa AO 
P. X. epenH, wacezspmie y3kixt JOIMHB! waHof WACTH Hpasckaro 
NAaTO, CTAIH PaCHIHPATh CBOH BAaabHiA HB CICTR Jaama, ocradbs- 
Maro Bb Bolinaxt ch Accupiefi *); a Bb cpequHhb Vi-ro uxb sHame- 
HHTHH BomIL Hypyoib, H8BBCTHHA HaMb Oorbe 101% uMeneMB HKupa, 
UIpeACTAaBAAWUHM TpeyweckyW Nepesbrky (Kvpos) TyseMHaro HasBaHis, 
WpeBpaTHsrb MHiHCKY!O MOHAPXiW Bb Nepcnuackylo H pasiBHHYIb ex 
Ipexbint BO BCB cTOponH, oTb Mago Asin Ha sanagb go Axcapta 
(Cupt-Jappy) Ha cbpepo-BocTorB wu ao Muna na Boctorb. H, rbit- 
CTBHTCIbHO, H3YUa8d PUSH4eCKIA H HCTOPHYCCKIA YCAOBIA CpexH, Bb 
KOTOPHXEG pasBHBalach CTpada, MAI HaXOJHM' lloOgTBepmenie Kakb 
pasb ThXb anpiOpHHXb B3rIuJOBb O MeEAIeHHOCTH pocTa WHBEIN3aLin 
Bb Ilepciu, KoTOphHe He MOFyYTb He BOSHUKHYTL BD TOLOBS KakMaro 
MHICHAMALO YWAOBBEA, HATHIKAIOUarocA y Camaro BXOJa Bb 9TO HBY- 
yeHie Ha *akTb kpaiine ManoH HaceteHHocTH pana. 

BospmMutTe, Mpexse Bcero, caMN Xapaktepb cTpanal. Upocrapascp 
orb 49-ro gO 25-ro rpagyca cbs. MHpoTH (Hu OTb 44-ro Ao 63-ro 
rpagzyca OCT. AOIFOTH,—O Mepuziany [pnasuya), Lepcia asexuTs 
Ha rpaHumb ymbpenwaro H Rapkaro WoKncoBh, Bb TO son, rb Blis- 
Hie COAHNA CKASHBaeTCH yikKe OYCHh CHABHO A TAB NAoJOporie MOIBH 
BB O4CHb CHABHOH CTeMeHH 3aBNCHTb OTb KOIHIECTBY OCAKOBD. 
Mexay TbMB CaMBIMD yCTpOhCTBOM?, CBOel MOBepXHOCTH cTpaHa oOpe- 
veHa Ha cyxOH, KOHTHHeHTaNbHL KauMaTb. CanBaAch Ha BOCTOKS 
CBOHMH TOPaMH H BO3BLIDICHHOCTAMH C’b TOPaMH H BOSBHIMeHHOCTAMU 
ABraHacTana uw beryAmuCTada, OHA CO BCbXD APyrax’b CTOPOND OKpy- 
KeHa TeppacaMH Toph, KOTOPHIA Ha chRepb oOTropauBawWTb ee 4erT- 
CPHLIMb PAAOMb OTH OaSHCOBb TYPKMCHOBD, TPOHHHIMD H JBOHHLIMS 
OTb bEHaro nobepexba ltacnilickaro Mops, Ha samay’b caAOBHO CcTY- 
WeHbKH THTanTCKOH SCTHHIE DONHHMANTCA Hal’b papHanofi Mecono- 
TaMia, &@ H& Orb, «<TOIHO KOJOHBH COAaTb», 00 BbIpamenilo OAHOTO 
BOeHHarO reorpada, BsOspaWTca cb 6eperosd Ilepcuackaro 3ainBa Ha 


_— - - - -_—— 


*) Cm., MODY MpOownMb, y Maciepo, HaBbcTHaro 3HaTOKa HCTOPiH BOCTOY- 
HLIXb HapogzoBD: G. Maspero, «Histoire ancienne des peaples de lOrient»; 
Hapuxs, 1904, erp. 564. 

5* 


68 H. EF KYRPH HEH Db. 


BHYTpeHHee naaTo. Camo #e sTO NAaTO, NepecbaeHHoe MOYTH BO BCC 
CBOW JAuHY Oorbwok nepezoBoH obobwW Toph, HalpaBasionielica, 00- 
OOHO 6OADMIMHCTBY HepCHICKHXh BOSBHWMeAHOcTeH, cb cbBepO-salaga 
H@ OFO-BOCTOR'S, COCTOHTS H3b ABYXb PaBAHHd, pashuBawMAXca, BL 
CBOW OFepeAb, HA PAb BAYTPChHAXD, «<3AKPHTHXDB», MIOXO OpumeH- 
WHXb Saccelinosh, rb mpecK6saqawTh NeckH, GestaoqHad TaAnHa Fi 
COJOHTAKH H Tab pacTHTeAbHOCTh H AHB8Hb COCPCAOTOUNIHCh AMMIb Bt 
HEMHOFHXb Oa3sHCax. 

Ilyabch uenopbyecko abateabHocrd ObeTcH TakHMb oO6pasoM’b 
NHI0b H& DOrpAaHHIBHXb BO3BHINCHHOCTSXS H YTOPHHXb JOINHAXS 
chrepa, sallaga H 10ra, KOTOPHA oOOpa3syHTb pAb XOpOMIO opo- 
IWCHHHXS MmbcTHoctel, cxoxamuxca Bb BHIB ABYX' CTOPIHS TH- 
TaHTCcKaro jyraa Ha cBBepo-3alaxb um Handoxbe TycTo Haceden- 
HBIX MMCHHO .BS NYHKTAXd H NO MBph oToro cxomfenis: Bb MpC- 
BubTiaxt Masanzepant, Tuaanb, Asep6efiaxanb, Apiuzant, Jypr- 
cTant, 3aHHMalomAxb cbreph, cbBepo-salayb A sallakb TeppHTopix, 
HJOTHOCTh HacedeHia JOXOAUTS FO 20 muTenreh Ha KBaApaTHH KHAO- 
METPb, NPHOANKAACh Kb NACTHOCTH HamleH OcTaAsHAiM uaIH Barcroh 
ry6epHiu. Hao6oporh, Ha Kpalnem’ 1oro-BocToKs, BB HKepwanb, rab 
HNeCKH H COIOHYAKH OXBATHIBAWTb poMaAAYIO NOBepXHOCTh, eTa WAOT- 
HOCTL efBa JOcTHTaecTS 2 muTeIeH, T.c. MeHbING Jaxe, YSMb BL Hames 
Ozonenko#. MW sto NOHATHO: Ha YTOPAHXb Whnsxt, oKafiMiaWmMuxs 
Kacnifickoe noGepexbe, KOIMYeCTBO BLTAAaNWWEXxd OcagkoBb mpHbsu- 
KAeTCH Kb OYCHb SHAYATeEILHOK, NosyTponugeckoH nud@pb BB noa- 
TOpa MeTpa 3a Tol’; H J1n39 Pekaw 0 NWpaBy TOBOpATb O pocKom- 
Holi, lomHO-eBponelicKol pacTuTerbHOcTH MasaHjepana, rab PHTOBHA, 
TpaHaTOBLA, AUCILCHHAHNA, KADApPHCOBLIA pONH UpHyawWTh HuSMCH- 
HOCTAMb BUAb «KHTAIbAHCKATO celbckaro Nefisaka», &@ Toph OFBTH 
abcaMv, COCTOAWMMH M3> THNHYAMX LepeBbesb DekTpaibHol Esponuwi: 
aceneli, qy6onb uw OykoBb. Ha mpoTHBonozomnoms xonmb Ilepcin, y 
warsiuaro no6epemba Llepcuazckaro 3anuBa, rojopoH cToi6b jomrek 
¢1Ba IpeBHIIacTb TpeTh MeTPa H MHHHKORAA WalbMa HUrpaeTh rpo- 
MaIHYIO pOIb Bb SKOHOMIM cTpanH. Bce xe DeHTpatbHoe Mato, y 
KOTOparo OOpamMAAIOMiAg erO TOPH NepeXBaTHBawWTb aTMOcepHyecky lo 
Bary, OTIHVACTCA HeEOOLIKHOBCHHO CYXHM%B, KOATHHCHTAIBHNMb KIH- 
MaTOMb, [adAMlHMb cpeAu IbTa, XOAJOHBIMb SHMOI0 ‘H Ha BHICOTaXh, 
pu norHbiwemb OTCYTCTBIH AORIeH Kakb pasb Bb CaMyl MapKylo 
NOpy H OCH BHAYATeIBHOM Ayyencnyckania, 4TO OOycAOBABBAeTh 
OTPOMHYWO aMMIHTYAy Koiedanifi TeMMepaTypH OTB OAHOTO BpemMeHH 
Toga JO Upyroro uM OTB HOU KD AHW. BL ausapb-hesparb moposn 
Bb WeuTpartbHolt Ilepcin gocturawrs Hepbako—25° Teaspsia, nb ins 
wAPbl BACTABAAIOTL TOT Re TepMOMeTPb MomAHMATECA TO 60° w 6o- 
abe! OJHAb H3b OYCHH CePbe3HLIXb IVTeMeCTBEHHHKOBb OTM BIAeTL 
TOTh akTb, uTo .btomb, Bb Memerb, ond Hallicyb 3anach CBOHXS 
CT@AaPHHOBHIXS cBbiell pacTONHBMHMACS OTh Rapa, YTO NpeANoAaraerb 
TeMMepatypy MoyTw Bb 66° AAs BHYTPeAHOCTN siuKoBS. A WouBa Ha- 





CTAPHB H MOZO0H HPaH'b. 69 


KAEHOTCA AVYTAMH colnMa Zo 70°! Ch apyrott cropouH, qake BB caMoe 
Aapkoe BpeMa TOMA HOW BR CHTPAALHWIXb MBCTHOCTAXB CpaBHH- 
T@IbHO O4CHb XOAOXHH: 00 HabaAWAeHiamME [bénadya, TemMMepaTypa 
8 MOMCHTS BOCXOAS COIHDa He NpeBHiasa Bb inszb 13°, a eB 8 4a- 
@QMTE NOLHBMaIach ye 10 62°. 

TakBb Kakb TOJ0Bad BEICOTA OCAaIKOBh He AOCTHTaeTh Ha M1aTV 
4 4eTBEPTH MeTPa, TO BOSMbinBanie pacTeHifi BO8MORHO JHMM Ha 
UKATAXS H TOPHHXb JOAHHAX', WHTACMHIXH PYIbaMH, KOTOpHIE cOHB- 
TQWTh Cb BHCOKHXDS TOPh H NOMCPRUBAWTCA CROMICHIAMH SHMHUXS 
eabroBh, H, BO BCAKOMS Clyuab, CCH H Bb PABHHHAXh, TO He OCO- 
OCHHO AalekO OTS TOPIX, BOSBHIWeHHOCTefl, BAATOKW KOTOPHX'D xXxH- 
TCAH YMBIO HOIb8YNTCH OPH OMOMH OFCHb OCTpOyMHOH CHCTeMBI 
OpomediA, OcHOBaHHOH Ha ynOTpeOacHiH OTEPHITHXEB BOMOMPOBOAOBS 
{aproinoss), a OCOHeEHHO II0J3CMHHXb KaHaAIOBh! (napesoes, xapus0er, 
HEH xKaHam06s), OOPasyeMEIX' coeuHeHiemb WbAoH mbnu ciyckaw- 
IHXCH 00 CkaTy kKO1ORNeBR *). CTOIbEO BBEOBS posoamaBMliaca 
BPARICOHHIA CTOARHOBCHIA MeEPCOBb H TYPEMCHOBD Ha CBBEPO-BOCTOU- 
HOM rpauumb [lepcin uwbau, Haup., cBoew rlaBHOW NpHYAHOW pacipe- 
mbxenie soln, cObranme# ch obin jlamanb-n-Hoxa, BOE, KOTO- 
DY NPCAUPIMMIHBHE NeEpCH OTBOJHIM Bh BePXHAXB AOIHHAXD Hu 
«BOH N04, OCTAaBIAH TAKHMB OOpasomb 6e38b oOpomenia uacToanla 
WOACBHHKOBL DOAHOREA. YH STOTH OHA MPUMBPS MOKAshIBAerd. 
KAaKb BAaKHO MPH KAHMATHUeCKuUXD ycaoBisxs L[lepciu panionarbHoe 
UONbZOBaHie BOJOH H Kakoe CTpamlHoe Opymie ACTOPHYeECKHMb XAII- 
HNKaMB Bb Oopp6b cb MHPHBIMA SOMIOTBALIAMH TaBatIb WMeHHV 
QSOKAHH MCXAHH3M'b OPOMeHis, TAR KAKS OPOACTABHTCIAND Totaro 
H@CHAIA CTOHIO TOABKO 8aXBaTATb Bb CBOH PYKH HCTOUHHEN STOH 110 
MCTHHB «xXuBOH BOL» of WBAbIe ORPYTa OKASLIBAIHCh BO BAACTH 4Yy- 
MOCTPAHHHXh HIH OTCICCTBEHHHIXS rpabuTeteh, MOTYNLHXD BSATb H3- 
MOPOMT AH HCRYCCTBCHHHIMS TONOMOMb HEMOKOPHHXS BO3sTBINBAaTe Ich 
OMIA. 


Hf. 


Mul TakumMb OOpasoMm eCTeECTBEHHO IIpuBeJeHH Kb HeEOOXOAUMOCTII 
Tb HS00paKeHis GACTO KAMMATHYeCKOH CpeAH, Bb KOTOPOH pasBHBii- 
WCb NMepCHACKad HaliOHAIbHOCTS, MepefitH RB H300paxeHiw comliatb- 
HOH CpeTH, OTYaCTH CO3JaHHOH e10 CaMOW, OTYaCTN HaBssaHHott 
ed BHBOIGHMA MOXMTHIECRAMH WH HHBIMH CHIAMH. 

Hpakb cb HesanlaMATHHXh NOphb MpelcTaB¢sdb cooow «BedAkifi 
HYTL HAapOAOBh», MepexBarasMlaxcH CB chBepo-BOCcTOKa H BOCTOIA 
H® Sallagb, cbpepo-H 0ro-sanatb uw oOpaTHo, Hanp., 435 crenet 
(leurpaabno Asia Bb Maaywo Asin, es Cupim n Eruners wan na 


ae ee ——_ eee - — 


*) Cm. ax onucanie BB cTaThb o ,Xopacanb“ (Khoracéin) yxe muTapo- 
saHHaro HAMA cnOBapaA: , Nouveau Dictionnaire etc., III; apna, 1887, cTp. 115. 


(Ai) H E &YRPHH YD. 


haBka3b, @ OTTY1a BB BocTOUHyH Espony. HW ecaw Bb wacTroamee 
BpeMaA, Cb ycrbxamMa MoOpenazaBania, nan6osbe jVbaTeIbHHMH AH- 
HIAMH CHOMeHiag saBasioTcH Kacnifickoe mope u Ilepcuyackifi sare, 
TOTra kak BHYTpeHHOCTA Hpana octaetcH Bb cTOpOHB OTb Macco- 
Baro TepewBHKeHIA A0feH H IPOLYETOBS, TO Bb lipemnee BpeMs, 
HaOOOpOTS, MMCHHO: HPaHCKOe o1aTO, cymuBaWMeech Ha salar 
Meany OOOHMH MOpcRHMH OacceiHamu yo 700 KHaOMeTpOBS HAW Aaxe 
yo 500, ecan oT6pocuTs yepesxyp) G6orxoructnHa mbcta hodepexii 
yepesqypb BHICOKIA TOPHHA OO1aCTH, O80 H3IN6ReHHOH MemyHA- 
pogHo yoporof# u BMbceTh aa6oparopiel, rab cTadkHBalHCh Mey 
co60! H H3MBHAIHCh NO, Biisniemb BsanMObACTBia pasIHIBbLA 
pach, BRIAbAABMIA saBoeBaTeteH a DopadoTuTese#. Apifinn (ApanE) 
H TIOpKckig Maemena (TypaHow), Sopomch 3a Wpeobsaganie, H Kax- 
AHH HOBHH NOBOpOTS kOTeCa HCTOpHYeCKOH OPTYHEL BOBSHOCHA Bpe- 
MeCHHO HaBepXb HOBHXS TOCHOXD NOAOmeHIA, “a MeRIY HHMH, KO- 
HewHo, TBXb BEAAWMAXCA UIH MpOCTO CYaCTAMBHXb BomseH, KOTO- 
phe, nopadollad WRANA Pach, BO3TaradH HTO SaBHCHMOCTH H Ba 
CBOUXD OJHOMACMCHHAKOBDS. 

OjuH 3&8 IPyTHMH CTAaHOBUAHCh BO TaaBy yrda MHAAHE CO CBOHMH 
MHOHYCCKHMH H WocyMuouueckuMH KOpOtsmH (VI Bbep go P. X.): 
lepcht Cb DapcrBylonei damMusiei AxamMaHuINb, MpespaTHBMAxca 
01 N@pOMb peyweckHXb HCTOPHKOBS BB AXCMCHHAOBb, KOTOPHC Bh 
um Kupa, Kcepsca, ,lapiept, cTaim usBbcTHH BiocabacTBIN BCA- 
xOMY WkoIBHURY (VI—IV Bbsa); rpern ct AldekcaHapomh Beankum'b 
u Cexessngamu (IV—Il pbxa); uapesne ct Apsagkugzamu (Ill pbrp 
jo P. X.—Il pbee no P. X.), HanionaibHaa mepcwyckas (a3 
Papca) juHactia CaccanasoBb, kKoTOopas mapuia Gorbe 400 xabre 
(II—VII pba), srevenie KOTOpHXE ona ycilbia cosfaTb o6pas- 
HOByH NO TOMY BpeMeHA AIMAHHCTpanil, crbIaTh TocysapcTBeHHOWO 
peznrito Sopoactrpa, OOpoTEcA Cb PHMIAHAMH A DOObRaTS HX’. 

OaTBMb ANCTyNaeTb opa BAlayhyectTBa apadckHxXb kadHoB. 
(VII—X Bebra), Up KOTOpHXS Nepc OxIcTpo O6pamlawTca Bb Maro- 
MCT@HCTBO, HO Bb ero minTcKo# opm, yawmeli BOsMOMHOCTS Ha- 
C@JeHil0, BpaskleOHO OTHOCHIMeMYCa Kb 8aBOEBATCAAMDb, CTaTh Bb ON- 
[O3HHiK0 Kb HOBOMY UpaBHTe’bCTBY, UPHYeMb TepcamMb yAaeTca 3a- 
MBHUTS OmafisjoBh AdOacHzaMH, & BL HBROTOPHXD WCTAXL CTpa- 
Hhl OCHOBATb ps He8aBHCHMBIXS YTocytapcTsb. Cb [asnepayamn 
(X-—XI B.), a oco6eHHo Ceabamyxuzamu (XI—XII B.), rocnogxcTBo 
HepeXOLuTS kb TIOPKCKHMD U-1eMeHaM's. 

A cb XIII Bbka, BB pasraph mexayycooii Mexay TIOPEKCKHMA 
BIQCTHTCIAMH, MOABAAIOTCH BCECOEPYlaaNmie MOHTOIH, MOOBAET KOTO- 
DHX Halb KkKatnpaMu 310payqHO UpuBBICTBYWTCA MinTaMA-Depcamy, 
Cb YJOBOALCTBICMD BUJAMHMH, KAKb TpOSHHe 3aBOeBATeAH CTHPAaWT SB 
Sb Inna 3eMin Oarsaichii kaaudarh. Cropo Meax.y NepcaMa H MOH— 
roJaMn raqunaerca cOanmenie. Bb conn XU pba OJaHb BSb XAa- 
ROBB HOBOH auAacTin, Tyiarnyqo0Bb, NpyHuMaeTh HCZaMb, a2 Bb BA— 





CTAPHH HW MOXOQOH HPad’b. 7t 


garb cibaywmaro crorbria Baactatess Ilepcin mepexoyuTb Bb wiKT- 
CTBO H TAaKHMB OOpasoMb MERAY YAINMD 10 MponcxomeniW Dpa- 
BHTCABCTBOMD H HaceccHieMb CTPanH YCTaHaBAHBaeTCA pelHTiosHoe 
CJHHCTBO, Jawijee HaIalO HanionHaabHoH cBa8H MORAY PaSIHWHhIMH 
naemeHama. loca’ HOBEIXS MemiyycoOii, Ha ce pasb Memly 106HB- 
WIHMHCA BIACTH MpeABOJHTCAAMH TYDKMCHCKHXS EAAHOBS, HA TPOHD 
Ilepcin cajatcs wepcuyckas jnnactia Cydiesp (xonemn XV croxb- 
Tit—nagazo XVII), koropad rocylapcTBeHHHIMb A3HKOMb AbxaeTh 
MepcHyAckia, rocyyapcrBesnok pesurie#—mintcTrBo #4 BoOobme cra- 
DaeTCH BOCIPOHSBOAATh BABIIHIA QOPMH BAAIbIYeCTBa CTapOW H ClaB- 
HOH wuHacTin CaccaHuyOBh, Bb pox’ TATYIa «Waxb-Wy'b-aXxb» 
(qapb napeli), cHoBa NpacBoeHHaro raaBb rocyjapcrsa. Cb 20-x% ro- 
aospb XVUI crorbria Heypaqaa BCOHXHBaeTS ONATD APEHM Dia- 
MCHEM': CONepHHaWMie NpaBHTeIH HHSBOASTE HW YOUBAWTh ApPyTh 
upyra; tocab mectTokaro, HO rpomKaro noObyamun wapcerTBoBania Ha- 
aup-Illaxa (4385 TOPRCKArO NgemMeHH adbmapon,) Memsyycobnas 
BOhHa KHDHTS MexIyY KianaMH admapoBb, OaxtTispoBb, Kalmapost, 
3CHXOBb, N0KAa, HAROHEH, BOCMOIbSOBABINACh STOH rpam_ancKoH Bolt- 
HOH, Ha CIleHY He ABISeTCH cBHpbUnH, HO cnocodani Ara-Marom- 
MEXB H, COBEPMHBS pAb YRACAWMAXB RecToKocTre#, RaazeTh Ha- 
yao (1794 ©.) HHAB «6aarolo0ryaHo apcTByrmek», Kakh BEIpa- 
KANTCA UPHABOPHHe ucTopiorpadH, AnnacTia Kaymaposs. 

-lefkO NOHSTh, KakyYH Maccy ObAcTBIK NpHMI0ch ACHHTaT Hace- 
aenio Tlepcin sreaenie BCBXS 95THX% WOIATHYCCKHXH CTOIKHOBC- 
wifi, KPH3HCOBb, KaTacTrpodjb—a MH, Bbb, , KOCHYAMCh, TOIbKO FAaB- 
H'BHIHXd,—H Kak’ HHSC KARCChI, HE3aBHCHMO OTS HXb NICMeCHHOTO 
IPOHCXORMCHIA, JOIKAN OAH Bh OOMEMb OKASATHCH PABHLIMH,. CCl 
He NepeAb 8AaKOHOMB H PaNOCTAMH MMSHA, TO Nepels MpPOHSBOIOM'S 
:aacTeH H CBOHMH COOCTBeHAHMA cTpaganiama. Woo, noka Tam, Ha- 
BRePXy, Bb «BHCHHXb» cihepaxh BialKA CTPaHbl Apaivcbh, MHpH- 
IHCb, 3€K.1HUAIM JOTOBOPH H CHOBa HapyMagn UXxb, 3A Ch. Bb WOAH 
aga, TpyqaMlilica 10Ab AOAReHD OblIb padoTarh, He WOKIAlAaa PyKnh, 
4TOOL! JOOHBaTb HE TOIBKO CKY,Hoe WpomutTasie ceOb, Ho HenBMb- 
‘HMO Oorbe OOHIBHHSA CPeACTBA CYMIeECTBOBaHiA AIA UpaBHAerAp) 
BAHHHXDB cOCIOBIH H peatHsanid Xb WYyMHOH, 3aB0eBaTe.IbHOR i 
XHIMHHYeCKOH DOAHTHKA. UTobn Dap mape Moran JBHraTb M0 Ten- 
puTopiv Hpana u 3a MperbiaMH ef OFpOMHHIMA MOATHMaMH, psAJ0- 
BOMY HacedJenisO UPHXOJHIOCh TAKS HIH HHAYe KOPMHTb COlMaTS, Ht 
BSHOCA 10 TpeOoBaHifO HAYAALCTBA TAKeCANA WOMaTH ACHbLAaMH HW Ha- 
rypom (o6naHaa dopMa ABOakaro BSHMaHid HaroroBh BE [lepcin) 
44H Dompepraich UpsAmMoH peksHsHTin BO Bpema Moxo1a. A KTO Tep- 
1bXb OTS HaMlecTBid Bpara, KaKB He BCE TOTS Ke ARyHOrit cKory!l 
A RTO, Kakb He OHS, JOUKeND Ob YAOBICTBOPATD HeNOMBPHHA 
NOTPeOHOCTH Bb POCKOMA «laXb-HHb-Max0Bh», UpapuTeseH o6sa- 
cTeli, OTRYNMHEOBb HalOrOBh, KPYMHHXS BlaBIbNewb 3eMAH, AYXO- 
BeHCTBA, CBHYXOBb, Masbimaro cOopmuKa nogarteli! 


732 H. E. KY TPU HD. 


A seb ata nwoO6oph H TATOCTH JeKAIH UPeHMYNeCTBeHHO Ha 
OCBAIOMh Haceledin H, Upemse Bcero, Ha seMAerbabib. M60, ecau 
MeIRad PCM@CICHHAA UPOMHIUMMeHHOCTA Ob11a OHA PacupocTpaneHa 
Bb Ilepciv 0 BTOpReni AeMEBLIXL HHOCTPAHHHXS TOBapOBS, ha- 
A€CIIHXb CTPamlHH yapb TysemHoH HAYCTpiv, BCe xe rraBHyw 
OTPaCIb HavlOHAAbHaTO IMPOHSBOACTBA COCTAaBAAeTh semMAerbaie, a 
raapHyo @opMy o610menia — nosemerbHnH Haxzors. Mexay Thu 
4HCIO JepepeHckuxb wuTereh BE Upash o4enb HeSHadHTeAbHO Jaa 
CTpaHH, Haxosamlelica Ha CDPaBHATeIbHO HusKOH CTeNCHH KYAbTYPH. 
AbiicTBuTeIbHO, H3b 7.653.600 mutesef [lepcin, roTOpHXxb HacqH- 
THBalH Iydmie AHOCTPaHAHe H TY3@MHHIG MCTOYHARA BE 1881 rony, 
ocels#H OHIO BCeero 3.780.000 4ex., Torma Kak Topomand OnzO 
1.963.800 gez., a HoMagzoBB 1.909.800 *). Takums o6pasomp co6- 
CTBCHAO seMieNbIBYeCKIH KIACCh HE AOCTHTAeTh Bb CYMHOCTH H 10- 
OBHHH HaceteHin Upana (49,4 mpon.), Memazy ThMb, kag ropog- 
CKOH cocTaBIgerbh HeEMHOrHML Oorbe aerBepru (25,7 mpor.), KOWB- 
HEH 3€—HeMHOTHMB MeH'be ueTBepTH (24,9 opon.). Lo crpanHot 
vHoMadin, Hepcia kagb Of BOCIPOHSBOIHTS MponopnieH CBOUXS sem- 
leqbibvesb Ppakoysckia OTHOMeHIA NpodecciOHaabHbIXh rpylilh, KaKh 
OHH CKIAIBIBAIHCh H& Nous TpeTbel pecuy6auku BB 80-xb rojax’b, 
Korga (10 mdepenHcu 1886 r.) semaerbriemb sanHMaNOCh HOMHOTO Me- 
Whe MOJOBHBH wuTeleH *). Cb apyrofl cCTOPOHH, OTHOCHTCIbHHMS IH- 
CHOMB ropoxaas Ilepcis BB ABa pasa mpesocxozuTs Pocciv wu upH- 
OMMRACTCH Kb THOY cTpakb BB poxb Utasin, rxyb oponopnia ropox- 
“KOrO HaceleHif HeEMHOTHMb MpeBsliaerh weTBepTb Bce NADPH KM- 
rerzefi (26,5°/,, COTAACHO CTATHCTHYCCKHMS LABAHIMD NOCIBAGHEXD ABTH). 

Octabaad 6e3b oOObaACHeHIA BEICOKI MPONeHTb KOUCBHHKOBD, KaK'B 
(PAakTL BIOIHS sakoHOMBpHHi u oObacHawMifica oTyacTH Xapagre- 
OMB CTPAHB, OTYACTH HCHOJHEHHOIO TpeBoAHeHit ucTopiew Llepciero 
i OCAIKOMb Bb Hel BOHHCTBEHHEIXS HOMAIOBb, MH HCOLITHBACMS, 
UHaku, HBEOTOpLe BaTpyAHeHie UpH pascMOTPBHIH ApPyrHxb TOIbEO 
qTO YKa3aHHHxb HaMH ocobeHHocTeH cocTaBa HupaHcKaro Haceze- 
Hig. IpaxoquTca cTponTbh TuuOTe3sH AAS HXb ypasyMbHiA H Npesno- 
1aPratb, Halip., 4TO CpaBHATe’bHO HH3Kad Uponopihis seme, bibLeBE 
H CPaBHHTeJbHO BBICOKAH YTOPOHAHb HAXOAUTh CBOC OOBACHEHIC Bb 
ABICHIAX, 3HAKOMHIX' HAMS 3% VUOXH eBpOeHcKaro Cpe,HeEBBROBbA, 
KOTA& Bb HHBIXS MBCTAXd AMepeBHA NYCTbAH WOTOMY, 4TO KpecrbsHe 
clacalich OTb mpuTbcuesifi meoxai0pbh 3a cCrbaaMu roposCkaxs 
VONIHHS HIM, 0O Kpalinedt wbpb, Bb uxb YkpbUACHHHXDS NpeAMBCTHAXS, 
YBCIHTHBAA, TAKUM OOPa30Mb. YHCAO POMECICHHHKOBD. ITOTS PakTb 
uMbeTh, MOBHAHMOMY, MBCTO H Bb Llepciu, rab yroeTaemMnii semazerb- 


te ne ee - ~ -- = — 


*) Cm., Mex ay upownms, Scott Keltie, <The Statesman’s Year-book for the 
year 1907»; Jlouyont, 1907, crp. 1302. 

**) A HM@HHO BB TOUHHXS Wappaxb 47,8°/o. Cu. Alf. de Foville, «La France 
economiques; Hapnaxb, 1890, ctp. 67. 





cTaPhit Hw MOZOAOH HPAH'b. 73 


ACE OChAaeTS, Bb KOHI'B KOHDOBS, Bb ropoxb, a BB Kpatinemh cAy- 
“ab, yObrad OTb TARCINXS NOCOPOBb, Camb WbIAeTCA KOWBHHKOMD. 
Bo BCHKOMD ciyyab, ecu H CYyMlecTBOBaHie TOpORaHHHA, IPHHaliera- 
mjaro Eb HeNPHBHICrAPOBAHHHIMS KAaccaM’b, He TapasTApyers elle 
ero OTh BHMOFaTeIbCTBD BAacTeH, TO BCe Ke OHO HeCpaBHEHHO AyuMIeE 
MOAOKEHIA OCBAAAO EPCCThAHHHA, H& KOTOPOMS JCKATH BECh FHeTh 
ACCHOTHYECKArO YTOCYAAPCTBA AH BHICINHXD cocroOBi. Bb Taxenoh u 
HeobesneieHHol AHSHH NepCHACKaro seMIeMbALNA sBakIWWeTCA OHA 
“3b TiaBHBAMAXS OPAIHAD TOTO ycmbxa, KOTOPHH Hamav ocBoboyn- 
TeXbHOe JBHReHIe Bb DIMPOKHXS CHOAXS Nacelenia, kKamxpfaBmaro 
MadO-MAIBCKA YeAOBBIeCKArO CYNLeCTBOBAaHi£. 

Ho, crpannoe BAO, KOrAa MHL XOTHMB NOOAMKE ASYYATL ycsoBis 
HSH SOMACMBALGECKArO K1acca, MBI BCTPBIAeMCA HAH Cb OOMAMH 
wbcTaMH, HAH Cb MPOTHBOPBIHBHIMA JOKYMCHTAMH, H8b KOTOPHIXE He 
Bcerga MORHO A3BICIb HCTHHY awe UpH nocodin obpasoBanAEXxt 
YUYACTHHROBE COBpeMeHHOH apanckOH peBOAWIIH, Takb Kakb OHH 
HipHHakiexka CAaMH 8atacTyH) Kb UPHBAAeCTHPOBAHHHIMS COCIOBIAM'S, 
ropa3q0 OobWe CKIOHHH O6panlaTh BHAMaHie Ha DOANTAYECKOe, YSU 
H& SKOHOMHYeCKOe HecTpoenie Ilepciu. TakoBt, Hanp., BOMpOc’ 0 xa- 
pagtepb semeibHoH coOcTBeHHOCTH 4 BOOOMe 0 cKIarb 3eMeCIbHHXd 
OTHOMeHIH, TOCHOACTBYOMUXE BR Upanb. Tyrb, KoweqHo, raaBHnoe 
SATPYIHeHie BAKAWTACTCA Bb HECOOTBBICTBIH TOTO, ITO JOMHO OHI 
ON OT 10 3AKOHY, H TOFO, ITO COBepMacTcH Ha caMOMB WbIb, BL 
HECOOTBBTCTBIH AeFaibHHXb POPM’b H BARBACMALO Bb HAX'S TPCBORHOW 
HCTOPHUCCKOW AASHBW COJepRagls. , 

Ms sHaem'’b, ITO Bb Ilepcin, kak H Bb APYIHXb MYCYAIBMAHCKAXD 
CTpaHaxh, BCB MHSHEHHHA OTHOMeHIA JOAKAN peTYAHPOBaTbcA wa- 
ptamowe, HAH CBAICHHEIMb 32KOHOM'b, NPAMO HAH KOCBeHHO (IYTeM? 
TOAROBAHIA) OCHOBAHHHMS Aa Hopan'b. A corsacHo Wapiaty, BCa seM1a 
BS MYCYABMAHCKOMB [OcyapcTaBh OPAHALICKHTS efroO BAACTeAAHY, 
KAR WpelctaBuTeim Awux&a Ha 8eMI'5, KOTOPH AAD paslaert 
YUACTEH Bb MOILSOBAHIe OTASIDHLIMS IHOAMh HAN YIPERICHIAMS, BHOCA 
MHMb 8&8 TO Bb KasHy NOAATH H OTONBANWMLHMS HSBBCTAHA MOBAHHO 
CTH, IPH 4eMb CaMad 3HATHTCABHOCTS THX HIM APYTAXD ACHO TOBO- 
DHT, ITO OHB ABIANTCA IAW POPMOW PexTH, YUAIBAaeMo HacTOS- 
MeMy COOCTBCHHHEY 3€MIH, ROTOPHIM'b, KAKb YRC CKASAaHO, ABASETCH 
(KOAMTHUeCKIN rxaaBa rocyjapcTBa. Bao OH Oesl01esHO aHaIA3Hpo- 
8aTb, Bb Kako CTeleHH 98TO MYCYABMAHCKOG BOsspbHie BHDPaKaers. 
10 Kpaiinet wbpb, TeopeTHaeckH, Hel UpunadiemHocTH BCeH 3eMAL 
sce Hanif MpaBOBbpHHXh, BOMAOMeHHOH Bb CBOCMb BePXOBHOM'D 
BaaznKb. Upakraqecka, Bb BOCTOUHHXD AechoTiadxb, TAB He TOABKO 
BCHKO® BMYIMICCTBO, HO H CaMasl HHBHb MOTAHHHXS MpHbasAemAT'’h 
rocysapio, semeibHan coOcTsenHocTs Thm GOorbe, a fortiori, Kak’ 
EDOHTS BHPARAThCA CTPOrad AOLAKA, ABIACTCH JOCTOAHICMR MOHApPXa. 
A OHB WacTh 8@MIH OOpaliaerTh HeMOcpesCTBeCHHO BB CBOW I10.1b3y, 
JKCHAYATHPYA CO IPH MOMOMA 3eMIEABALNEBS, HAXOAMMNXCH Bb M0A- 


74 A. F KY RPHH SB. 


HOM NIOJYHHEHIH CMY; UaCTh paszaeTh BOCHHHIMS HW rpaklahCkuwe 
CaHOBHAKaMS, CBOHMb PaBopaTaMd H T. I. Ha HAGaIaXb, AalOMHHAaW- 
LUXS MeOlasAbHOe mpaBoO HCHOMBMeHiA. SHAIBTeIbHad OAA 8eMAH 
MpeppallaeTcd Cb TeyeHieMh BPeMeHH Bb 6axyqs, “uA COOCTBEHHOCTS 
MYCYIBMAHCKOH OPKBH, KOTOPad TakAMb OOpPasOMb CKOMIACTA Bb 
CBOUXh PpyYkKaXb BiabHIA, MNOXOKiA Ha KaTOAMGeCKig AMYMECTBA 
<MepTBOH pykH». Hakonen,, BOBS «cBOOO]Haa» GacTHad coOcTBeH- 
HOCTh 3€HHMaeCTS BL MYCYAbMAHCKHXD CTPAaHaXh JHMb CpaBH¥TeAbHO 
H@SHAYHTeIbAYIO JOA TeppxTopix *). | 

Bs Ilepciu mycyibManckoe paso upHBedO Ha NpakTAkB KB cAb- 
1yloMeMy WoloeeHilo Belle#, KOTOpOe APKO peswWMAPOBAHO Janse PeKaw 
ii (@CTh BOSMOMAOCTh KAKb HeOIbSA AYIMe MpexcraBuTbh ces Bcw 
THRECTh THETA H OKCHAyaTania, BACAMIHXb H& 3eMAeNbALICCKOMD 
kKsaccb Mpana: 

«IIponopoia MepcHACKHXS BeMIeNbAUCBL MCUHMCIRETCA BCEFO Bb 
ABB 1peTH OOmlaro HaceteHia (MEI BHKIM, 4YTO H TOTO MeHBe, ecaAn. 
TOABEO HE MpeAMOIORHTh, ATO WACTb HOMAZOBb 3aHHMACTCA BOSI'BAH- 
BaHiemb WoUBH. H. H.), a naomagb o6pabaTHBaeMod HMA 3@MAH HE 
OOHHMaeCTh, HaBbpHOe, H UsTAecATOM YacTH TeppHTopiu. Ho yamxe A 
oTa caadad 4acTb nOBepxHocTH Mpana NpHnalsexaTh MOYTH ImbaH- 
KOMB He SeMJeNalimamMb H CalOBHHKaMb, & APYTHMb: MadO eCTb 
crpaHb, rb Onl1a On Gorbe pacipocrpanena KpynHas co6cTBeHHOCTS. 
(QOUIAPHHA MPOCTPaHCTBAa COCTaBASWTS wacTh BlalbHi maxa (do- 
maine royal), a odpa6aTEIBalomie HX KPeCCTbAHe NOJYHHEHH PeCRAMY, 
KUTOPHA Malo USM pasHuTcH Orb EpboocTHoro cocTosaHia. Apyria 
 8CMIH, KOTOPHIA 88HHMAN0TS Bb COBOKYMHOCTA elle ropasio Sosbmee 
MpocTpancTBo, HO 0 6o0abmMe YacTH He BOsbAaHH, OOpasywTD To- 
CYAapCTBCHHEIA MMYMeCcTBa, PaCHIMpHBMisca NyTreM, koH@uckanii nau 
3aB0eBaHil, H OOKIKHOBEHHO YCTyMalo1cad BO BpeMeHHOe NosbsOBaHie 
aBOpuTaMBb HIN KpesHTOPaM BAacTelNHA. Kb IWCAY KPYUHWXb coo- 
CTBCHHUKOBb JIPHHaIemaTh Take, Bb KaeCTBB HWPHIHYCCKHXS 
AHINb, MCYETH, MIKO.IbI, PCIATIOSHHIA YIPeRICHIA BCAKATO POA, H AX 
HMYDICCTBA BO3PACTAaWTh Cb rosa Ha TOb He TOAbKO WYTeMb s8aBb- 
manifi u HacrbaoBanifi, HO H Oxarojapa TaliHbIMb JOrOBopaMb WH- 
HOBHHKOBD, OOLTATHBIIMXCA NOAKYNaMA H B3ATKAMH, KOTOpHIe, Oo0dcb 
NOIHOH KOHMHCKAaliM HXb HMYMIECTBS CO CTOPOHH Waxa, saBbwawTrs 
CBOH NOJA Ie@pKBA NOAb ycAOBieMb WlaTesxa MMb NORBSHEHHOH PeHTH. 
Bee crpaHb yrpoxkaia onacHocTh IpeBpaTATbCA Bb OrTpOMHH saxy@o 
HIH yakqs, T. ©. COOCTBEHHOCTD «MepTBOH PyKH», Bb TOTS MOMCHTS, 
Korga Hagupt-Ulaxt cHosa oTo6parb y MeyeTe 3HaqdaTeIbHYW WacTh 


*) Bb cpoeH HHIAB ycrapbsoh, HO BCe xe HeOesbHHTepecHOA KHETS O 
NOpBOOHITHOH coOcTBeHHOCTH -laBeNa YjAatiHO XapakTepiayeTh Bb OOMEXb 
yYepTaxh PpexXHMS COOCTBEHHOCTH, YCTAHOBHBINIACA Ab pPASHBIX' CTPaHaxh, IPA - 
HABIDHXS MaromeTancTRo. Cm. Emile de Laveleye, «De la proprieté et de 
ses formes primitives-; Hapuxb, 191, d-e a3... eTp. 43 A ca. (Apa), erp. 335 
Magia), 364 (Ernners un Typuia), ur. 4. 


CTaPH H MOJOUM HPAHD. 75 


HXb HCIBHKAMEIXG AMYMECTBE; HO COBPpeMeHHOe SKOHOMHYECKOS 0K0- 
enie CTaI0 TAKUM’ Ke, KAKMMD ONO Bb SMOXY 8aBOCBATeA, H AB- 
AHETCH BOUPOCh, He CA'bAAeTCA AH HeEOOXOAHMOH BL CAaMOMD CKOPOMB 
BpeMeHH 1oZ06Had we M’bpa OOmecTBeHAaro cnacenia. Uto kacaeTca 
MO YACTHHXS BMBHIN, SAaHHMAIONAXb UBBBCTHOG MpOCTpaHCcTBO, TO 
OHH OOHIKHOBeHAO CJAaWTCH MOIOBHURAMS, KOTOPHXS BalalbAbOw cHa6- 
KAWTh BOMOW Ad OpomMenia, ChMCHAMH H CKOTOM, BLITOBApHBad CeOB 
ABB TpeTH HIH TPH YeTBEPTH poryKrTa. Caysraetca, 1TO cOOcTBeHHHEU 
HEBLIHOCHMO OTATOMaWTh NepBOHAIaIbAHA YCAOBIA JOToRopa; Torsa 
NOJOBHHEA NOARHTAWTh CBOH XHRHHBI, CpyOalwTh MocakeHHHA MH 
sKe CAMUMH JlepeBbA, CKIaIbBalTL cBolt cKY.HHH ckapOb Ha CKOTS 
H YXOJaTb JadekO OTb lipemuaro mbcTa. HMla MeH'e MECTORKATO [o- 
cnoguHa. Ilo mabaiw Craka, BB Ilepcia se ocrasxocb 6yzTo OH HH 
Marbimaro cibla WepeBeHCKUXb OOMMHS, MOXORUXD Ha OOULMAHI 
WMaaid; 4 OfHaKO Camb Ke OH’ TOBOPUTH O JePeCBRAXS, KATEAM KOTO- 
PHXD Kaxiuti rolb pas bIAWTh OKPYKAWMywW PaBHUHy, HIM caxrpa, Ha 
CTO.1BEO Ke MPOJOABHAIX’S MO10Ch, CROIBKO BB CeleHiW MM'BeETCH <COXb». 
KamxgoH coxb, T. ¢. KamOMY TaaBb cemelictBa, aeTcs 10 OHOK TaKOk 
SOMCIBHOH Moloch» *). 

OTHOCHTeibHO NocabAWATO NyAKTAa y Hach MMbeTCA JOBOAbHO HH- 
Tepechoe cBHATeABCTBO BB <OBOaIONIH CcOOcTBeHHOCTA» JleTypHo, 
KOTOPHH CChLIACTCH Bb JAaHHOMD ciygab aa )[pyBudaa, myTewlecTso- 
BaBMaro, KAKb w3BbCTHO, NO [lepcin BB 1812—1813 r. 4 u3qaBmaro, 
ABYXTOMHOe ONHCaHie cTpaHhl yecaTOoKh IBTR cnhycta (Voyage en 
Perse, lapuxp, 1825). Mr opaBoqumb, BOpoyeM, 92TO MBCTO H3b 
JlerypHo He CTOABEO NO BOMpOocy 06% OOMIHHB, TAKS KAKB 32 CTO 
HOuTH aAbTE Ta PopMa Blarbuia MOrla Mpetrepubrs wsM'bueHIA U. 
HOBAAHMOMY, ABHCTBUTeIBHO WpeTepimbua (0 YeM'’b HHRe), CKOABKO Pau 
APKaro MOATBep#HAeHiA TOTO THeTa H TOH OKCNAyaTaliv, KOTOphe MmpH- 
BHICrHPOBAaHHOS MCHBINHACTBO OOpyIHBaeTHh Ha TPYAAMIACA MaCCH 
Hpana: «...Kakb KameTca, HClJaMH38Mb H OesrpanHaAb JecnoTasMh 
1JaX0BB H AX YHOBHHKOBD He B3MBHHIH CYM[CCTBCHALIM’S 000a30Mb 
H@pBOOHITAHH coocoéb Blarbaia. JbucTBUTeIbHO, MBI HAXOJHMDb Bb 
Ilepci# JepepeHcky OODIMHY, OYeHb OXoOMYyW Ha TY, Kakaa cyuMle- 
cTByeTb® BB Hain. Jlepesenckad co6cTseHHOcTb, NOBHANMOMY, elle 
aRigeTca si'bcb nocabageli, ocHoBAnoH syefkoH (derni¢re unité) 3e- 
MeabHOH coOcTBeHHOcTH. ToabKO CedeHia OTH MpHHalAeKaTh TOMY BAK 
Apyromy BBICOROMOCTaBAeHHOMy aAunYy. Bcarbactsie eToro obutaTeat 
KaxOH AepeBeHckoH OOMMHH OO2arawWTCA BCAKHMH MO,aATAMU M10 MIpo- 
H3BOAY HPeolaabHaro Baagbibua. OAH UlAaTATS eMY PeHTY, & CBEPXb 
TOPO MAATATS APYTyl0 TAaKYH PeCHTY Bb KashHy LTocywapa, KOTOpHH i 
ABAACTCA HACTOAINUMS COOCTBEHHHKOM®S 8eM.1H. Hpomb peHTH H Jpy- 
THXb NOBHHHOCTeH, KakIaAd AOPCBHA FOIRHA CHAORaTh cBoero rocno- 
AWHa, CBOerO (beoRaIbHALO COHbOPA, MACIOM'b, CIMBKAMH, JHHAMG, Ah- 


~ ®) Elisée Reclus, 1. c., crp. 8301—302. 


76 H. EB KY APH Hb. 


OMB, HAKOHEI, COMOMOH aaa AOMAazefi. Iloxo6HO TOMY, KAKB 9TO Cy- 
aecTByeTh BB Hagin, y kalo mepenzckoH gepeBaa ecTb cBOoH Ha- 
TaIbHHBb, KOTOPHH ABIAeTCA OTBSTCTBCHAHMS 3a ACIpaBAbi BSHOCD 
PeCHTH, WoJaralometica rocioqMAy, H Hadora. OOssaHHocTb STOO Ha- 
Y@IbHHKA& COCTOHTS Bb TOM, ITOOH pacnpexblaTh Jexamia Aa OHO- 
COAbYaHAXh IOBHHHOCTH COOTBBTCTBeEHHO CpeACTBAaMb HH pa3sM’bpaM 
KaTBRI kam{aro. Bb caly sTorO AepeBeHcKia SOMA WBIATCA MEY 
COMbAMH MPOMOPHiOHAIbHO YHCAY PYKS, ROTOPHMA OB pactosarawrs. 
Karis nmeppoklaccHif eolarb BlarbeTh ABCKOABKAMA NOAOOHHIMM 
ASPpCBHAMH; eCTb MeTY HAMH Tagie, KOTOpHNe OO1a]aWTh CcOTHeN 
Xb» *), \ 
TIOBAXHMOMY, ONHCRHHHIA CO CAOBS J[pysuiia JlerypHo jepeBes- 
ckid OOMIHHH ye He CyMeCTBYWT,—u0 kpatneh mbpb Bb Handorbe 
HaC@IeHHLIXh MBcTaxb cbeepo-sanaga a cbBepa Ilepciu, cyis 0 
TOMY, ITO MAB TOBOPHIS YOOMAHYTHH MHOW BD Hauarb oTO cTaTbu 
VOpas0BaHHH nepch, cam Blarbwoif AOBOALHO SHA IATeIbHOH WactT- 
HOH co6cTBeHHOCTbIO Bb OKPeCTHOCTAXS OAHOTO ASb CAaMEIX’S IWAHHXS 
ropozoBh Mpana. Ho s3anmanie peHTh! H BHKONaynBanie HAaAOTOBb 
COBEPMatHCh, 10 CHOBAMb MOeFO COOecBAHHRA, FO camaro mocabAPAaro 
BpeMeHH Cb TOW Ke GesmoMalHOcThW, Kakas OTM'BICHa AH CpaBHH- 
TOIbHO JABHHMH MyTeMIeCTBeHHAKAMH. OcobeHHO MHOrO 3x20ymoTpeb.e- 
Hi coBepmlaeTca MO OTHOMeHIN Kb HHTeCIAMD ceitenii, KOTOPHA Bpe- 
MCHHO JaWTCaA MaxoMb ero IpHOAMReHALIMD Hi (aBopuTamsb. BeszuKie 
HU MAJIb@ CAYTH CFO BeAHYECTBA OONKHOBCHHO MpeAMOWMTAaNTS Moly- 
YaTb CABAyOMIi HMb NO WTaTy ORJaI> BB PopMb <Kopmsenia». Mpo- 
Wewypa IAA BHRIANYIHBAHIA TAaKUX® MHAOcTeH OOHKHOBCHHO OHA H 
[a #e H pasHHTCA 1sMIb Bb JeTaaxdb. [pnOauRenHoe Kb MAaxy AHO, 
Kako - HHOyIb w0OuMEIH HaaJbHURG KOHIOXOBL WAR JOBBpeHHHHK 
CBHYX', YSHACTS Mpe{BAaPHTeAbHO 110 SHaccOMCTBY OTb CAYRAMUX Bb 
HOJaTHOMB BBsOMCTBB, Kako emeroqHH HaAOrb AeHbraMH H HarTy- 
po sHayHTca BB OPunialbHoMs ciackS saTbMb AIM APYTHMb cese- 
HieMb; 3aTbMb, YAIYIUBS MHAYTY, KONA BIACTC.IHHS Bb AYXB, WakaeTh 
Kb eFrO HOraMh, WhlyeTh eTO TYPAIH WH YMOAIACTL TOCMOMAHA Math eMy, 
HeJOcToHHOMY paOy, B3aMbaDb MolyaaeMaro HMB Cosepmadia, UpaBo Ha 
HOIBSOBaHie PaBHOW SsTOMY COJepmanil0 CYMMOWN HAaAOTOBb, MWAaTH- 
MHIXS TOM un HHO JepeBHe, HasHIBad pH STOMB MBCTeIEH, BHu- 
callin oppuyianeno Kakb pasb TY Wuppy noxatefi, Kaxaa cooTsbr- 
cTByeTh KA1OBaHbW Mpocamaro. PagopuTh Bb TpOMalHOMS OoABMIHH- 
aTBB CAyyaeB, To1yqaers TpeOyemoe. A TAKS kakb MaBHO COCTaBIeH- 
Hie MOXATHHe CIMMCKH FOBOPATS IHUIb 0 TOM, CKOALKO Cb wmuTeIelt 
A&HHOH MBCTHOCTH MONaratOCh B3HMaTb TOAaTeH BB MpexHee BpeMaA, 
& He O TOMb, CKOABKO Cb HUXh MORHO MOAVYATH STHXS NOGOPOBS 
TeMeph, TO MOKAIOBAHHOG «KOPMICHieMb» JANO Cpasy OkashiBaeTCA 


*) Ch, Letourneau, «L’évolution de la propriété»; Mapa, 1889, cTp. 
308— 309. 











CTAPHA H MONOAOH BPAR'S. 77 


HarpaACHHHM' JBOHHHM'S, CCIM He TPOHHHIMS OKAAIOMD comepRanis 
H, H@XOBOZbHOe Jake STHMb, OYKRBAABHO BHIMATHIBACTh AHI H3b Ha- 
cezeHis. 

Boo6me xe noxaTHas cucTema Llepcin, xoTopas, cBepxt B8HMaHiA 
opexbseHHOH CYMMH HaXOrOBb, JCPKATCA elle Ha JeKPeTHPOBAaHik 
IIPABHTCALCTBOM'S, KOTZA STO eMY 8abAarOpascyAHTCA, COBeEpWeHHO Mpo- 
NS3BOIBHHXD <OOaBOUHHIX» COOPOBb, OTAaeTbh HaceseHie Bb PYKH 
ifba0h iepapxid XBIMHHKOBS, HAYHHAS Cb DeHTpasbHoH BACT H ROBYAaA 
od MBCTHNMH OpraHaMH H IpeACTABHTeIAMA. Tak’b, BONO YRC Bb Dpak- 
THEY, ¥TO YryOepHaTOpH! H Haxolamiecs NOb HXb HayasoMB Gombe 
MedEie€ AreHTH UpPaBHTeCABCTBa, MOMHMO H3BBCTHOR nudpH nogatel, 
BSHMa@CMHXB HMH Ch HacedeHif HA YOCYAapCcTBeHHLIA IMOTpeOHOCTH, 
oOlaraWTbh wuTeIeH poMawHbIMH OOaBOUHWMH aHAMH-B3aTKaMH, 
TaKb HAaSHBaCMHMH MOXameAs, KOTOPHA AAaWTbh BOSMORHOCTh OTHMD 
BCEMOTYOIAM® AXMHHACTpaTOpaM’b Kakb OOOramaThca CaMHMS, TAK H 
IW@APO ONAAGIMBATh MWOKPOBHTCALCTBO TIPHOIHRCHANXD Waxa, AOCTAa- 
BHBIIHXb HMB CBOHMD BAiAHieMS STH AOXOTHWA ormHOCTH. Korgza 
KPYOHHH areHTh BAACTH, LAXUMB, H'BITO BB poab Hawero ryOepHartopa, 
s1BEHETCH Bb MSBBCTHEI OKPyrb, TO y RHTeAeH TOpoAOBD H cereHit, 
yepe3b KOTOPHe 1eKH1G eFo UYTh, CyMlecrsyeTb OOH4a AaBaTh ey, 
CCIH MORHO TAKb BHPasHTbCH, OTBAIbHOe, OTEYNasCh Up BHBSI'B x 
BHbsAb OoraTHMH DOJAapkaMH: KYIaMH YePBOHNMeBS Ha BOLOTHXD HI 
cepeOpaHHXt O4N1axb, KAMMHPCKMMH WaltaMH, JOPOTHMH KOBpaMA U 
XataTaMH, MpeKPACHhIMH JOMAAMH A MyJamHB... TpeaqnolarawrTh, TO 
Bb [epcih AOMOAHHTeABAHe H MPAMO HesakKOHHHe NO6ophr ybernaH- 
BaWTb, 00 kpaine mbpb, na ABB TpeTH HOMHBAILAYW CYMMY Ha- 
AOTOBS. 

MHI Cka3aaH MHMOXOJOM®D BBC, YTO TAaBHAA TARECTh HAJOLOB) 
H BCSKArO posa NOBHEHOCTell AEKHTS HA 3EMIECTBILYECKOMD HaceleHih. 
AbHCTBHTCAbHO, OHO UAaTHTb TOcyzapcTBy pease Bcero OBpesbAeHsHA 
3eM@CIbBHOH Halorb, KOTOPHH paBHseTCH ABYMb «eCHTHHAMD», HAH 
ojHOH WATOH BCero, DOyYaemaro cb seman. Kpoms ororo, OHO BSHOCAT 
VKE COBEPINCHHO IPOH3BOJbRYWO, KAR MH BHIBIM, OYSHb BHAYATEIb- 
HY1O CYMMYy QO6aBOYRHXD cOoposs. Oso xe yoAaywBaeTS MpPHBHICTH- 
POBAHBHMb BAalbAbWAMb HAH Ke KPYOHEIMB WaCTHWMh COOCTBCH- 
HHKaMB BB PopMh AM PeHTH An Whaexa coOpanHo #KaTBN ASBURY 
AOAW IPOHSROAEMELXD HMB BD OTS AHIMA MPOAYKTOBD: DMERHIL, pHuca, 
xao0ka, TaOaky, BHHOrpada, WepcrTu, @pyKToBs. 

Ho 65120 OH OWHOOUHO AYMATL, YTO Apyrie HeNpHBAAerupOBAnALIC 
KAACChI H CIOH HaceteHia CBOOOJHH OTD HaaoroBoro OpemeHH. Onn 
AHMb HECYTL CFO Bb MeHbINCH cTeneHH. Takb, NIeMeHa KOURBHHEOBDS, 
Cb KOTOPHMH BHXACTH CHOCHTCH IPH NOMOMIM HavatbHHKOBb KJaHOBD, 
GoiarawTca Bb CBOW OUeperb usBECTHO! CyMMOf JeHeatHHXb B3HOCOBS 
H MPOAyRTOBR cKoTOKoAcrBa. Ho, mpHHagiexa Kb Han6orbe BonE- 
cTBeHHOH H HanOorbe nogBuxHoll Kareropiu HacerzeHia Hu OOnTaH HaH- 
pieHbe JOCTYNHHA 218 BAacTeH YACTH CTPAHb, OHH BHTOBapHBalul) 


78 H. E KY APM HA‘. 


' 


ce6b ropasgo Goxbe uersia HOpME! OO6s0xKeHIia, TMD Oorbe, ITO KD 
HUM DpaBuTeXbCTBO OOpallaeTca 10 NpeHMyMecTBY Jia WomosAHeHIA 
KOHTHHYeHTA COALATS. 

Cb ApyroH cTopoHH, 4H roporckie HHTOIK, KYNUbI d peMeCICHHHEH, 
YiacTBYOTS JO uSBbCTHOK cTeneHH BB Hecenin HazoroBs. Ho nocabs- 
Hie IPHHHMAWTh BA'‘Ch POPMY HAH 8ACTABHHIXD MOWAHHS, HAH JOBOAbHO 
yMbpenHaro oOx0meHIA DexoBh Ww KOpnopanili. Llogarsofi raeTh 4yB- 
CTBYCTCA Bb TOPOMAXh HE CTOSBEKO, KAKB MWOCTOAHHOE AaBAeHie MHC- 
K&IbHarO THAPABAHYECKAO Npecca, BHEHMALMAarO 6e3b ycTalH COKH 
H3b HaceleHif—u4TO BMBeETS MBCTO BB JepeBH',—CKOAbEKO Kab Bpe- 
MeHHOC, CasMOHYeCKOe HakuMAHbe HaloroBoh pyKOATKR MBCTHHIN'S 
AJMBHACTPaTOpOMd, KOTOpHH IPHHUMAeTCA 8a HesakOHHue NOOOpH Noss 
BAIAHICM’S CTSCHEHHHIXD JHYAHXS OOCTOATCALCTBD HIB KE Bb HAaleKTS 
Ha OesHakasanHocTh xumenia. WM rorgza BHCTyNaerh OOHEHOBEHHO Ha 
cHeHy BhIGopHH raaBa, HBYTO Bb pols «cHHIHEa» TOPrOBUeBs, AIH 
Ke IpeAcTaBuTerb TOH mIH Apyro Kopnopanixy. Bs pe3syabTaTs nepe- 
TOBOPOBL HavaIbCTBO OKASHIBACTCA YAOBICTBOPCHHUIM, 10 Kpatinefi 
mbpb Ha HBKOTOpOe BPeMA, CPABHHTCIbHO YM'BPCHHHIMD «NOLAPKOMS». 

Ho 4TO BB OCOGeHHOCTH TAReIO OTSHBaIOCh HA S9KOHOMHYECKOM'E 
6nITS Boel 0-peBodionionHoOl Ilepciu, yme 6e3b pa3sanyia K1UCCOBDS 
i COCIOBIH, 8TO YYOBHIMHHH XapakTepb rocysapcrBeHHaro OwsRKeTa, 
UVAOBMUIHHH, KARR 00 UpieMaMb pealusaniH JOXOAOBb, TAaAKb H IO 
cnoco6aMb ux’ pacxogoBaHis. Bs sTok ObzBof BL o6memME crpaHh, 
Tab 70 uocaebaRATO BpeMeHH He OnIIO OPuniambHoH cTaTAHcTARH rocy- 
HapCcTBeHHHXb AOXOJOBb H PACXOJOBb, YACTHAA Ke CTATHCTHKA HC- 
YHCISIa TocyzapcTBeHuWA poxonb Hwa 1905-1906 ronb Bb 65 MHa- 
1i0HOBb xpanoss (cepeOpaHaa epcnHackas MoHeTa), HaH 1.182.000 
(PYHTOBb CTe@PAHHTOBh *), T. €. UpHOsu3uTeabHO 11.300.000 py6sch 
HO HacTOAMeMy KYPCY, HadOrb AOCTaBAReTH ropasyjoO MeHbIUe rocyxap- 
CTBY, YhMb OepeTb CO CTPaHsl, TO 8ABHCHTS OTH HEABIXS CHOCOOOB'E 
BSHMaHiaA. Tak’, TaMO# @HHHe JOXOAH, KOTOPHe HIpawTh OUeHb 8Ha- 
4UHTCIbDHYWO pOlb BE OwpHers Ilepcin (OHH BMBcTS Ch JOXONAMH OTh 
MOUTH, Texerpada, pkOOIOBHEIXS H PYAOKONAHXS KOHMECCI COCTaBIaAH 
MOJOBHHY BCero OWAReTAa Noryyesii, Apyraad woOLOBHHA KOTOparo JO- 
CTABIACTCA YHKE YUOMAHYTHMA HAaMH BbIMe NPAMHIMH HaloraMH H, 

AAaBHHIMb 06pa3s0M'b, WOSeMeIbHHM),—TaMORCHHHe JOXOJH, TOBOPHM'b 
MBL, C@IOTCA NOPCHACKAMb MpaBHIeABCTBOMB Ha OTKYMb, H Y OTEYH- 
IMHKOBB OCTaeTCA Bb KapMaHaXx’ Oapbllllb, KOTOPH cocTaBAgeTh No 
kpahnei mbpb 20°), BaxoBol BEIpyIKH. O6b sTOMb Cb HeUCHOpHMOH 
UYCBAAHOCTHIO TOBOPATS DOAPOOHHA QUDPH 3a TpuHAINATH-ABTHI Me- 
piogb 1883—189% IT., HaxO_AMiaca Bb YHOMAHYTOM yRe HAMH CTAaTE'b 
«I[puaomeuia» kb «leorpapuyeckomMy cioBapio H NokasHBawMlia, To 
Halp., Bb 1895 r. MpaBUTCAbCTBO MOAYIHAO Cb OTKEYNMHKOBD 4.471.150 
KpaHOB®, & CaM OTRYOMIUKE BHDPYWHIH BCero 5.370.375 KpaHOBL; BS 


*)  Almanach de Gotha‘, 1904, cTp. 1010. 





CTAPHH BH MOJOZ0H HPAHD. 79 


1896 r. a BB 1897 r. OXON DepBaro paBasrncs 6.250.000 EpaHOBt, 
& AOXOAH BTOpHX» 7.500.000 *). Ct apyrof cropoHH, Mb yxe panbile 
BHAbIH, KAKAA AOAA NOOOPOBS DoMasaeTh Bb PYKH BUSHPEH, XAKHMOBP, 
cOOpIHKOBS NoxaTelt H BCAKALO pOka NapaskTOBh, TNepexBaTHBawWMuxd 
10 AOporb AeHeXHLA H HATYPAIbHHA CpeACTBAa, TeKYDIid U8b KapMaHna 
HacexeHis BB Oes,OHHyW Oouky Jlanany'b, WMeHYeMyYW MepcHACKHMS 
<pHCKOM'S. 

Uro KacaeTca JO TOTO, Kakb pacxogyeTca OwARerb, TO sxbcb MH 
BCTPBTHMCA Cb UpieMaMu, KOTOPHE OAM, HECOMH'SHAO, NOpasATh 
BCHKarO CBAEarO YeloBbKA emle Gombe, Ybmb cnoce6H BsHMAaHIA N0- 
nate#. Uutatemzb yxe BUXBIDb, YTO rocyxapcTBeHHwe joxozH Llepcin 
HCURCAAWTCA Bb DOCKBAHee BpeMA UpHOrMsuTeabHO Bb 11"/, MuxTi0HOB1: 
pyOzeH# Ha Hama genbru. Ho tyrs, no Beef BhposTHOcTH, FbA0 HAeETh 
AHUIb 0 JCHORHHXD Loctyoaeniaxt. Memay rbmt, sb Ilepcia wanzorp 
BSHMA@eTCA He TOABKO JeHbTaMH, HO HM HaTypow, a AMeHHO Yale BCero 
mmeHunel, aumeHeMb H COJOMOH. Kakb xe TpaTHTCA STOTh OWARETH? 
[pomaqwasa 01a ero HXeTh Ha COMepmanie Maxa, ero ABopa, ero Mi- 
HHCTPOBb, e©0 eH, CFO MaBOPHTOBS, CFO CBHYXOBS, MERKIY THMD 
EAakb HHSIMe BOCHHLIC H Tpamsanckie YHHOBHUKH MOAyWalTb Kato- 
Raube jaleKO He Cl01Ha,—TBM> MeHbOMe, YbMb AHKe WHHOM'h,—H eCAH- 
Ob Jame He XOTBAIH 9TOFO, NPHHyKIeHH UpuGbraTh Kb B3ATKAM’D, 
BHIMOFaTeABCTBY H BOOOMEC XHOMBHYCCKHMD OepaliaMh Hab Hacele- 
Hiemb. Bb YacTHocTs, O1arojapsA TakHMb DoOpstkaMt, 130-THcAWHaA 
apMis, PHTYPApywoMadA Bh OPPUUIAIbHHXL NepCHACKAXS JOKYMeHTAXh, 
CYMecTByeTS TOIbKO Ha 6ymarb, XOTH «BO8MO#HO, ITO MMCHHO 9TO 
GHCHO ON3a9HBaeTCH KasHayelicTBOMb», Kakb He 6e8b WMOPA 8aMB- 
GaeTh cTaTHcTHyeckifi exeroqguHK, Crorra Keastu **). Ha camomb 
wbxb, [lepcias moxers BiictaBHTb Ha cayqai BOA Bpalb In Gombe 
54, camoe Oorbmee 60 THCAYS COIlaTb peryAapHHIX® Rock ***). 

OAHHD 3b HAOMOMATCAbHHXG NYTCMeCTBEHHAKOBb, AHTAHYAHHA'S 
Magt-l'peropt, cb 00XBal0# OT3HBaACh O DPeLyYIAPHHIXb COMATAaXt, 
BCTPbueHHHXb UMD BOSIS Mettiega, 3ambuaerb, TO OHH HHEOTa He 
WOAyWHTS OOABME UWOAOBHHA MPAXOAAMLATOCA HM'b NO BAaKOHY 2&a10- 
BaHbs, 11aTeRb KOTOPALO, EPOM TOFO, ONa3{bIBAeTb HEHSMBHHO HA IBA, 
Ha TPH F0Ma, A UPHHYRACHH KATH MCKIIOYNTCAbHO CBOHM'h COAMATCKUMS 
nafizomp. Ha Apyromp Konus, Ha Bepxymers oOmecTBeHHOH NApaMHAH, 
Maxb OPOKABACTH MIUATIONH! pyOlefi BB TOs, eFO MPHABOpHble BH- 
3HPH KAaXyTb BL KapMan'b He OMY COTHIO THCAYD pyOleh, MHHHCTDH 
noxyqaorTr no 80.000 py6se#, epayxu no 20.000 py6reh (roBopm aro, 
MEHTY UPOINM’, CO CHOBS MOETO COOeCBABHEA, WUTHPOBaBMarO MAB 
COOCTBCHEHA HMe€HA H TOWHA DADpPH), A WALA COTHH HW Jame THI- 
caaH Ooxbe win MeHbe NpoOteMaTHyeCKHXb CAYKAMUXL MATANTCA 


« 


*) «Nouv. Dict., Suppl.», N° 16. 
**) Scott Keltie, |. c., erp. 1305. 
***) «<Almanach de Gotha», crp. 1011. 


80 H. E KY RPHH SE. 


HCNOJHHCKHMH EpPOX@aMH, llagqayoUluUMH Cb POCKOWMHAaTO cTOAa Maxa, 
3TOro upanckaro TaprapTwa. Boe me GHCdO CAYRAMUXD, «lancione- 
NOBL» H APYFHXt OMRDIaAALHHXD NWapasaTOBb, RHBYDINXD Ha Thab 
HepcHAckoH Hanlin, mpepHmaeTs 500.000 yerz0Bbxl.. 


ly. 


Kb sTOH «sKOHOMHRS» MpucoeuHUTe «oAuTHRY». He sabupaiite, 
"TO cTapHit nepcuackifi pexams, Oblomif yeroBbKa py61zemb, HE Ile- 
pectaeTb OTS ero vu AyObeM’d. JLHUHOCTD HPAaHWa CTOIb KO War Orpa- 
*eHa, KAakb ero coOcTBeHHocTs. HM wa sToH NOB H 8AKOHS, K 
(IpakTHRa TBCHO CPOCAHCh BB OMHO -yrHeTawilee wh10e. Baacth maxa 
Hab NOA@HAIMH HeOrpaHHYeHHa, WH YAHOBHUEA Waxa, Jepxamie BB 
pYKaX'b YaCTHUY Wapckaro BCeMOTYIeCTBa, NOABSYHTCA eW Take He- 
OfpaHHyeHHO Bh cBOe chepb. O6parnte TOJbKO BHUMaHie Ha op- 
MYIbI, BEIPARaloMid XapakTephb BepXoOBHol BAACTH, H HA SNHTeTH, ee 
ykpallanmie, HakOHeI'b, Ha NOOBOPKA, KOTOPHIMH Haposekad MYApocTh 
OTMBYaeTh OCHOBHHA GepTH JO-KOHCTATYNIOHHOH MoHapxia. Uto sb 
CpaBHeBiA CL NepCHIKUMb BAACTCJHHOMD BCB 9TH eBponelickie KOposaH 
«OouielO MHAOCTIO», Kak HPOHHYECKH SaMbaaeTh COBpeMeHHHTH reo- 
rpapB? Iilaxs ecTh «apb Dapel>, «BHICOKI#, Kak NIaHeTa CaTypHB». 
OHbB—<00310Ch Mipa», «Klalesb. 8HaHia», «HeOecHad JBCTBUTA», 
«BEPXOBHHH BAaZhIKa, CTATOMB KOTOParO ABIAETCA APKOE COMA, Be- 
iHkOIbMie KOTOParO PaBHO BeAMKONSMIW HedeCh, & BOHHCTB& CTOIb 
*K@ MHOFOYACICHAH, Kab 3BS31h1 Bb HEOB». Kopoue, OHS CCT <I psMas 
OMaHallis, ucxomgenie BomectBa». Bs cooTBbrcTsin cb sto# Teopier 
NeCHOTH3Ma, PUBHUBO OGeperaemMaro Hpexke BceroO HCNOAHWTCABHEIMH 
WeHTAaMH BAacTH, O1pokparie#, caaraeTca H NpakTHRa wmusHH. Man, 
BBpHbe CkasaTb, HMCHHO MYHENIONNPOBaHie Ha NpakTHKs yRacawnlarv 
aOCOINTH8Ma epCHACKHXh apett BreyveHie ABCKOILEHXB THCAGe- 
ABTIH BHEPHCTAIAH380BA10Cb TCOPCTHYCCKH Bb YRC YUOMAHYTHA Goj:- 
WyIb, OOpas0BaHAble Wepchl NOBTOPAIH JO CAaMHIXb NOCIBIHAX'S AbTd 
Cb BOCTOPrOMb Kakb pasb TB CaMBIe CTHXH CBOerO HanioOHadIbHaro 
NoaTa, Caaqu, KOTOPHe OT3HBaluch HaHOOAbUIUMDS BIiswieMb MOPAIH 
IPCRIOHCHIA pel THETYMUMH CHIAaMH: «KakOBb Ob HH OWAD N10- 
pOKB, HO €CaH eFO OL0OpsxeTb MOHAPXh, TO OHS CTAHOBATCA JOOPORS- 
T@IbIOy; «HCEATh MHABHIA, MPOTHBOMOAORHATO WapckOMy, SHaYHTb 
oOarpaTh PyKH cBOeH me co6cTBeHHOH KpOBbW». Cb cBoeH CTOPORH, 
Hapoj’b, HacMOTpbBiilica Ha UOMBUTH «OomeCTBEHHLIXh oManatifi», 
roBOpHAb Wpome, HO we MeHbe cCipapeliuBo: <Wapb, ITO JeBt.: 
TOIbKO HM CMBeTCH, YTOOR DOKRABATH CBOH 3yObI>. 

Ty6epHaTopil W Upovie areHTL! DeaTpadbAol Baacru Ch HeObEIRHO- 
BCHHEIMb PBEHIEMb BOCUPOHSBOASTS UpieMH Gesnomagsnaro DPOKSBOAa, 
COCTABAAWMArO ATTPHOYTS BOCTOYHHIXS MOHAPXOBb. Takb Kakh OHH 
OP@uniazbHO ABIAWTCA «CTOMNAMH WH DOMepaKaMH TOCyAapcTBa», TO 








CTAPHH H MUNOAOH MPABR'b. 81 


HMB, TOUb Bb TOU, Kak CTAPHAHHIMB caTpanaMb ApTakcepkca PAH 
Tapia, JaeTcd NpaBO Ha HKH8Hb, CMEPTb H TLITKH HacerzeHis, BBBpPeH- 
Haro HXb «<noneyeHin». Bb TB AHH, KOTMa BepXoBAbh Blaghika, HAH 
SaMBmanmifi ero Bb CBOEMB OKPYTb RUSHPb, XAKAMD H T. J, MpPOCcH- 
NaeTcd He BB Wyx'b 4, KAKb BLpaRaeTcH BOCTOUHAA MeTaopa, «Ha- 
rbBaeTb Ha ceOa KpacHHit uaanbh THbBA», rope MpOBHHHBINHMCA BIH 
BooOMe HABICKMUMh Ha ceOA HeEMHAOCTh FOCNOAHHa: OH DOBerb- 
BaeTh HX S8acbEaTh JO CMepTH yoapaMH Ou4ua, CHHTATh Ha MeLIeH- 
FOMB OTHB HAIN 8aMYPOBHIBaTb KUBLIMH Bb CTBHAXD CBoero WBopna. Bd 
1848—1849 r., noerb nogxapicHia BoscTaHia CeKTH 6a6H10Bb H Bb 
Hakasanie 3a MOMHITRY MOKYMeHiA, ClbIAAHAarO Bb OTMECTRY OXHAMS 
H3b CeKTAHTOBb MpOTHBb axa NHacpb-9J-;l[HHa, MYYHTeCABCTBA Bb 
Hlepcin yoctaria cTrenene#, BpAy'b-1H KOTNA BUAAHHEIXS BE ACTOPIL. 
CoBBTHHEH MaXa BHYDIWIH eMY MHICIb pa3sgaTh NoObRICHHHXD raxaB- 
BBHOMIMME, CAaHOBHAKAMS POcysapcTBa HM YCTPOHTb MeRAY HHMH CBOe- 
oOpa3Hi KOHKYPCb BBpPHONOIaHCTBa: KTO 0, BeprHeTh eBOHX»d M'BA- 
AHKOBb HakOorbe ASHICKAHALIM' UHTKAMb, TOT JOKARCTH, ATO OD 
d OOAbMe APYTHXb 1W6uTh Monapxa. WM wWape,BopoH OsecTame BEI- 
JepMadH sTOTh 9KBAMEA', RTO NPNKAZLIRAA YMepPIBIATh HeECIACTHHXB 
MYTCHAKOBS Oe€3KOHCYHHIMH YKOJaMB MepOwHHHary HOA, KTO CRHPAT 
Cb HHXD KORY H MeJAeCHHO JHCCEKHPYA HX, KAKS HA AHATOMHYCCEOMDB 
cTOIb, KTO ONYTHBad TOPWOYWMA CBBTHAbHAMH eHDHNS H WhreH u 
BaThMBb NOMRHTad UXb H TOHAR JO TXB Oph mo Joporb, oka 
MHBLIC Makelh Walalw Ha 8eMIN, TOO ymRe OombMe He NOX- 
HATBCS... 

Ho Mit 3xb6cb TOBOpAMh O NapokcH3Maxb ObmencTsa Heorpany- 
qeHHOH saactH. Uro kacaeTcs 20 OYAHHIHATO, JO OOLUHATO yupax- 
HeHia OH, TO, HE JOCTHTaA BHICOTS TOAbKO YTO H800PaseHHaro HaMII 
NOJHTHYECKATO C&IN3Ma, BOCTOUHHH IIpOHSBOAB CKAa3HIBaeTCA BIBCb 
Bb THCAHIB POpMb rpyOaro WomupaHia AHGHOCTH H eA YeAOBbyecKaro 
AOCTOHHCTBA. IponsBoO.1bHbe apecTH, KOHPUCKANIN, WITpapH, ThIecHHA 
Hakasania NWpunaliexagn Kb Hanborbe ACHHITARHLMh clocobamb 
ViapaB.ieHia cTpaHof. Bb yacrnocTn, OUTbe M10 IATKAMb, Takb Ha3H- 
BaeMee “yd3-hanane, HeOOLIKHOBeHHO pacipoctpakesu Hu nporbau- 
BaeTcCaA Cb OnicTporol WM 91eraHTHOCTbO: «faliexTa> Bb OJHY MUHYTY 
IIPHBA3HIBAWTh HOrAMH Kb OpeBHy, KOTOPOe OMHH «aKZeRYTOPHI» MOI- 
HHMANTh H DepKaTh [OPH3OHTAAbHO, Bb TO BPeMA, KAKD Apyrie «3k3e- 
KYTOPHI» CLIDISTS Ylaphl TpaloMb Ha CTYMHH MpOBHHNBIMAarocs, ONH- 
pawmaroca ro10poh # ciHHol wa 3emaw. Ilopow sta onepanis mpH- 
HiMada XapaktTepb HacToAMaro iepapxnwyeckaro chopTa, Takb 470, 
Halp., Bb TO BpeMA, KAKb OMAXb HPHKASHBaTb OTKAecTaTb 00 MAT- 
KaMb TOTO HIH HHOTO TeHeparh-TySepHatopa HAH 6uU3upA, STOTb Ha- 
1araib Takoe He Hakaszagie Ha raxuswa (rydepHaTopa), a dTLTB Ha 
3aduma (Ha4aIbHAka ORpyra), a aATOTh Ha wKetanmepa (HaqdaIbHHKA 
ropoqa), a-eTOTh Ha xed.cody (ceibecRaro cTapmuyy). Uacro mpu6an- 
*KeHHHe Waxa MHAO NOICMBUBAIHCh APY Hab APYTOMB WO WOBOLY 

AnsBapb. Orazbad Il. 6 


82 H KB KRYRPHH SD. 


9TOH pacupaBhl H, KOTAa PaHHl NOLKABaIH, He 6e8b TOpsOcTH WOKa- 
SHBaIH pyOUH Ha MATKAX, Kakb CABIN, RAK JOOMCCTHHC CTHTMATH 
«<OapcKaro rabBa» uw «OapcKo# mo6BH>. 

TbaecHoe Hakasanie, ECTATH CKasaTb, ABAAIOCh BB Ilepcix us1n6- 
ICHHEIMh SKBHBAICHTOMDS THPCMHATO BaKIIOYeHiA, KOTOpPOe 8aM'buAeTCA 
UpesBhuakHoO OXOTHO OHTbEME 110 USTAaMb Bb BULAaXb SKOHOMIH, TAKS 
Kakb COLepanie WPOBAHUBIIAXCA Bb TIHPhMAaXb CTOUTS ASBBCTHELXD 
cyMM®B rocyfapcTBy. Mane me MBcTHHe HavaibHHEH TIpaMO HaxH- 
BaNTb H& STOH saMBAB ACHEIH, 3aCTAaBIAH MPABHTECILCTBO MAaTHTb 
HME 38 CYMCCTBYHMMXb TOIBKO Ha OyMarb apecTaHTOBb, KOTOpHe 
Ha CaMOMb JbIS ye JaBHO TyAHWTE Ha CBOOOKB, NO1yIHBD Hasse- 
Wy WOpmiw TalOwHHXh yapoBs. 

CrpanHoe Wbz0, OWaKO, CBHASTeALCTBYWMee O MATKOH H Bb 
oO6mleMb ryMaHHo HaTypb DepcoBs: He CMOTPA Ha YRACH MpaBuTeAb- 
CTBCHHArO DpousBosa, Ha TpyOocTb UpieMOBb yUpaBseHis, Ha KasHH, 
IIKITEH, TBACCHHA Hakasabis, CTOAb MeAPO pacTOwReMHA BIACTb HMY- 
IHMH, 9T&a HCCTOKOCTS HE BOMIa Bb HPaBH. OOALMIAHCTBA HaceseHis 
Vipana, 0 MSTKOCTH H BBRAHBOCTH KOTOParO TOBOpaTb mMuHOrie DyTe- 
MmecTBeHHHKR. Ochbaine xaTerm Ilepcin, coOcrBeHHO Takb HashBaeMble 
lepcH, He BMBHTh, IpaBla, MYKCCTBA H SHeEPLid KOYBHHKOBD: CO- 
crapiaa Gombe 60°/, Bcero HaceleHif CTpaHH, OHH CTYMeBHBaWTCA 
Depew O108KHMH Kb HHMD NO UpowcxompseHiW, HO BOMHCTBCHHHIMH 
Kypaama (675.000 vex.) H aypama (234,000 ¥Yel.), cOCcTaBISONHME 
Kkaxb OH TOCyAapcTBo’ Bb TocysapcTBb HW HABOAAMMMMH HA MADPHEIXD 
uTeleH yRacb CBOHMH HadbrameH 4 rpabexaMmu; epel> TypEMeHaMa 
(720.000 4ex.), HoaHTHYeCKOe sHayeHie KOTOPHXS OCH YCHIBIOCh 
Bb CTpanh cb TBXb NOph, Kakb OHH Jamu [lepcin sBaactaTeze BB 
IHS WapcTByWieH AHHACTIH, UpHHasAemamek kB pony Kammaposs, 
KOTOPHe 8aHHMAaNTb UIPHBHAeCrHpoBaHHoe NooReHie Bb Upaxt, aT. A. 
Ho nepchH UpescTaBiaWTb co6oW, Kakb MBI yHe CKasalH, HECOMH'BAHO 
Han6orbe ryMaHHHi sleMeHTS, OTIMYaWMilica BMbcTB cb TBMD BEI- 
JaWMEMHCA YMCTBCHHEIMH CHIaMH H CNOCOOHOCThH KB pasBATIN 
THBMIHSALiH. 

Becemhie, XaBHe, aGesHHe Bb O6pamenin H TosyWBMie sa 
TO OTS eBpONeHCKAXE MYTeMeCTBCHHHKOBS UposBylle «@pakysonh 
Boctoka>, OHH BHeCAH HSBBCTHYI MATEOCTS H BB CTporid HOPMEL 
MYCYIbM@HCKAarO KOMCRCA RuBsHH A MiICIH. Bs Lepcin mymunna 
He OMbSyeTCa OOHYHO TakOW cTpamisoW NaTpiapxXadbHOwW BACT 
BHYTpH cBoeH ceMbH, Kakb Bb Typing. Camila OTHOMeHIN MemLy 
NO1aMH CKIAINHBaWTCH He CTOABKO Bb MopMy paOckaro no,qH- 
HeHid KCHOLHHH MYRYHHS,—RKOTOPHH, KCTAaTH CKasaTb, OOJayaeTh DO 
SaKOHY UpaBOMb BMBTb YeTHpexb CHS, HO 10 OoabmeH acta 6Ge- 
peTS TOIBKO OLHY,—CKOIbKO Bb MOPMY pasxBIbHarO RHTHA WOOB. 
Bp jomb ecTb BB NOJOBAHH, OXHA MYRCKAA—JIM BSPpOCINXb MY2K- 
4HHb H WHOMeH, Apyrad KeHCKAd, AAA MOCHMUAE H MAIONBTHAXS 
bre; a oOuTaTein Kak{OH NOMOBHHH RUBYTH MOITH HesaBHCHMOT) 








CTAPHH H MOJOZ0OH HPAH'D. 83 


KH8HLW, IPHHAMad Kb ceOb rocreH cBoero 101a H OTIaRAA AMD BB 
BOW OYEpeAb BHSHTLI. IIPHKPHTHA Yaqpok, KeHUUAH MUTYTb BH- 
XOMHTb COBEPMeHHO CBOOOAHO Cb yTpa AO Beyepa, HX Ha Gasapaxt, 
Bb JaBkaXh MOSHO BAST, KAKb H BS OMMHOURY, H TpyomaMu OBB 
OMHBICHHO TOPIyHWTcs Cb DposasyamMu. Bo BpeMs HCTOPHUeCKHXS 
Awe nocrbane penoazwnin MeHnUWHHI,—NO cAlOBaMB MOerO codectI- 
HHE&,—HBO HHTEPCCOBAIHCh MOXHTHYCCKHMH HOBOCTAMU, ObBraln 3a 
TaseTAaMH 110 TOPOAy, H BHYTPH TerepAaHCKHXb TpaMBaeBb HepbAKO 
MOHHO Ob110 BHXBTA INOOUNTHYO KapTAHHY, Kakb WepcianKa, CABHTas, 
fia Oompmaro yso6cTBa, HEMHVTO Bh CTOPOHY CBOG NOEPHBAO, Cb 
HKAIHOCTLAW Obrasza TLasaMH 0 CTpOKaM’ pasBepHyTOH raserH... 

Pasymberca, moxatTHuecki#i’ jecnoTu3mMb Hw coniaabHHit rueTh He 
Wpoman Oescebqwo ia Wepca, He CMOTPA Ha ero BB OOMeMb, KARD 
MH BHYbIH, XOponlyH Hatypy. [Hers H HyRAa coszaaH OCOOHH EIacch 
tek, Gysyso, pol PakTOTYMOBS, CNOCOOHHIXS Ha BCe, 8b ROTO- 
PHXB BepO6yHTca yipaBaawmie, Metkie xOJaTan, «Kypbeph», cAyrH, 
KOMMACCiOHEPH, MOryMiie JocTaTb BaM'b 8a JeHBTH RCC H BCA H HE OCTAa- 
HaBAHBaWMliecd HH Nepelb THM AIA TOTO, YTOOH «BcTb»: «bla»— 
HX BHCMIK HpaBCTBeHHHIH KpuTepifi. Cmaers xe H HYRAa UpespaTuin 
APeBHATO Tepca, AIA KOTOParO «CaMBIM NOCTHIEHMS ASIOMb» CIHTA- 
.XOCb 10 cl10BaM> Tepogota, «roBOpHuTh 1OxKb» *), Bb COBPeMeHHArO Mepca, 
KOTOPHH CudTaeTb, HaOGOpoTs, HeOOXOLuMEIMS, KAKh PIAcHTh HM’ KE 
CO8qaHHad NOToRopKa, Onth «roxzy6emb cb TroryOeM'b, COKOIOMB CB 
-cOKOI0MB». WM ecan Ha HHBSY COmiaIbHOH IBCTHUUL EPeCThAHHH’D NpL- 
ObraeTh KO BCCBOSMORHHMS XHTPOCTAMS, CKPHBaeTS UpaBly, FoBo- 
PHTS AOR, ITOOH XOTH KaAKb-HHOYAb BHICKOIBSHYTS 3B KOrTeli He- 
YMOZHMArO @HCKA HAH Ralnaro Peosata, TO Bb OOMECTBEHHHIX Bep- 
XaXb WapHTb AYXb «MOCTOAHHOH UHTPHTH», NO BuIpameHin Tobuno, 
H BSaHMHOe OAypauuBakie H HeOLATOBUIHHA UpPOAbAKA, 4 TO H UpAMoe 
MOMeCHHHYECTBO CUHTAWTCA OOWTHHIMH, Malo TOro, HeHS8ObKHEIMU Be- 
WlaMH, KOTOPHA HHKOFO We OPHBOJATh Bb HerosoBagyie, a y BCbXb 
Bos6yxIawTb cMbxb. Hakonems, ocoOenHOcTaMUN me conialbHo-No0lH- 
THyecKaro pemuMa Ilepciu o6baCHAeTCA WAPOKO pasznToe cTpemseHie 
Kb CRBIES, KOMMPOMHCCY, CIOBOM, TOMY, ITO Hash BaeTcCA NO0-HepcHl- 
CEH <SCXaX0OMB» H OTYACTH HANOMBHAeCTh HTAIbAHCKYW combinazione, 
HMBOMYW Bb BAY NPHMHPUTb, NOBAAMMOMY, HeMpHMUpHMOe A COeIH- 
HHTb He€COCAHHHEMOE... 

UntatTeab, OfHakO, yk HaBbpHoOe B8aMBTHIS, YTO HW 9TH OTPHIA- 
TeCXbHHA KAYCCTBA COBPeMeHHarO Lepca UpeANolaraWTb Bb HeMb 3HAa- 
WHTCIBHYW YMCTBEHHYW culy. VM, wbicTBuTeabHO, ero HHTeIICRTYaIb- 
HHA COOcoOwOcTH He DoxsexaTS comubuinw. Apanckas pesosonia onma- 
paeTca He TOAbKO Ha CTpemacHie Hapoya BHHTH usb COCTOAHIA yRac- 
Haro 9KOHOMHYeCKAarO H DOAHTMHYeCKaro THeTa, HO H Ha RHBOE NOHH- 





*) Herodoti Histor., I, 138: a@toyistov 8& adroit to Yevdechat vevo- 
ULITAL... 
6* 


84 ‘HR EF KY RPUH SD. 


MaHie HMB HOBHXSB OOMeIeIOBByecKuXb Heli, KOTOPHA BCTPbrBaL 
cpeqa MepcHAckaro HaceleHif RHBOC COUYBCTBIe, KAKb TOIBRO MONS 
BLisHiemE cOOHTIA nocrbazHuXxE BTS Bb Epporrb, ocodeHHo BS Poccis, 
OHS HalLIH JOcTaTOUHCe pacnpoctpaHenie Bb Iepciu. [losromy, mpexze 
YbMB Depelitu Kb CAaMOMY M310RmeHIIO. XOJa peporlwniv, HAM NpHAerTca 
Bb 3aRI4eHIe KOCHYTLCA YMCTBEHHATO CKJafa -H OTYACTH XapakTepa 
mMipOBosspBHia UpoOyAHBMalOcd Kb COsHaTeABHOM MASHU Hapora. 

OcoOeHHOCTLW aTOrO MipoBOsspbHIA H KPYNHEIMS 91eMeHTOMD DepcHy- 
CkoH YMCTBeHHOH KUBHE ABIAeTCA pernTiosHas PopMa TysemHaro 06pa30- 
BaHia H BOOOMe KYAIBTYpul, opMa, KOTOPAaA MpHyaerh BHIAalMeecs 
BHaTeHIe HepcHACKOMy AyxoBenctTBy. He c.ayyaiino unnniaTHBa peBo- 
azinin Ha n0uB6b Upana npuHasrexaga aToMy cocaoBiW. Hi ecaH ono, 
m0 Mbpb paspuTia BeluKaro HanionadbHaro Mepenopota, 10NKHO 6y- 
CT TOKHAYTb, H yekKe TOKRHMaeTh 3HAaMA KOpeHHOH pedopMbI, TO BCe 
HE OHO ABHAOCh LIaBHEIMB s3acTphibMHkKOMb BosHHkMel GOopbOH co 
CTAPHIMB CTPOeM'. 

Ab10 Bb TOM, YTO Bb YMCTBEHHOMD cMHICTB Ilepcia nepexapaiza 
0 Camaro NOCIBJHATO BPeMCHA H Bb 3HAYHTCABHBH cTenenu NepexH- 
BaeTh ele Tesepb TOT asuch, kOTOpH Epona nepexHRata Bb 
cpeqsie BbKAa, KOTTa WABH.IH3aNiA HOCHAa NpeHMyMecTBeHHO Wepkos- 
HE XapakTeph H HHTeTIMTenwiell cCaMbIXh MepelOBLIXb cCTpahd ObIA0 
TYXOBeHCTBO, NO Kpafinei mbpb Bb annb cBouxtb nandborbe BHaN- 
MHXCH IipexctaputeteH. Takb Kakb Wapiarb, HWIH 3aK0H'b, OCHOBaH- 
HHH Ha kopaHs, UPOHHEAeTH, HAH, TOUHe, AOMRCHS IPOHUKATh BS Te- 
opix, BCBh MA3HeHHLIA OTHOMeHIA, TO NepcuscKifi RIMpDS, ABAAOULiiica 
€fO HCTOAROBATe1eEMb, JODKCHD HTPaTh BbIAAaWIMYHCA podb Bb oOme- 
cTBB H HadaraTb cBOfl OTMeYaTORD Ha YMCTBeHHHIA OTMpablenia Ha- 
poya. 

BosbMate, Hanp., MepcHackoe cyszomponsBogzcTBo. Eciaa cpbrenaa 
BlacTb Bb IMU ryOepHaTopoBb HU UXb UpescrapuTereli cyzurs Abaa, 
OTHOCAMACH Kb OOJacTH OOH GHAarO Npaba, HAH HeNHCanHaro 3akona 
(ype), TO BCS lopuzuyeckia OTHOMeHId, Ctarawuliaca Ha momRs oH- 
C@HHarO MYCYIbMAHCKAarO 3akoHa (Yyske YNOMAHYTHH waprame), OTHO- 
CATCH KB KOMMCTCHDIH AYXOBCHCTBA, wmeulxs-3.1b-UCNAM06d Bb TAaB- 
HHXb TOPOAaXt, HAH HAsSHAYACMBIXS HMA JYXOBHHX'S Cyzefi BO BTO- 
pocTeneHHHXb. A rpOMasHoe OOABMIHECPBO IOPHINGECKUXD OTHUMERIit 
BB Llepcin opHaasiemaTb HMCHHO KB OTOH Nocabsinel kKateropin, ITo 
OObACHHeTCA Teokpatiyeckoli TenyecHnieH Wcrtama MpOHUKHYTb pery- 
AIATOPOMB BO BCS cep yweaonbueckol a&uSAH Wo MBICIU. . 

BosbMAtTe TOO Take OO1aCcTh HaporsAaro COpasoBanis, 10 OTHO- 
WeHiO Kb KOTOPOMY Takoli ROMMeTeHTHA H Cephesnulfi CyIba, Kak 
O1n39 Pekiw, Wbaaerb oFelb XapakTepwoe Bambaagie, ur, Br Mepcin 
OHO Ooube pa3BATo, YbMb Bb HHO eBporciicnof crparb. Ho passute 
Oombe TOABKO NOTOMY, UTO TBCHO cBABaHO Ch peanrieli mM 4YTO Tyxo- 
BEHCTBO 3a00TATCA O TOMB, YTOOK WoOgpocrawmee noKnoibuie yubao 
UHTAaTh H 3Ha10 Bb Oorbimell HAN MeHbMefi cTeNeAH KOPAaAL: TYTb 





CTAPHH 4 MUXOJOH HPAHD. 85 
. 


MpONCXOAUT> ABATO MOXomee Ha TO, ITO SaMbuaeTca Bb TPaqHnioHHok 
eBpeficko cperb, rib rpaMOTHOCTh CBA8aHa& Cb 4TeHiem® On6ain a 
TaamMyza. Kag® Ob TO HH O8L10, MOUTH UPA KaxJO MeUeTH ECTb WKOLa, 
HI Medpecce, Bh ROTOPOH M3y4aWTCA kOpaH. apadcKag H nepcHackas 
aaTepatypa, HavaTKH COOCTLCHHO Takb Ha3hiBaeMLIXb Hayk'b, ape - 
MeTHKH, reorpadin, ucTopin a T. 1. HBKOTOPHA Hu3b 9TAXD WKOIT. 
HOCHTh XapakTeph BHCIAXE YIeOHHXb saBnefeHifi u obyzawlieca 
Bb HBX sBToveHie HeOupeAbeHHAarO 4GHCIAa ABTS, BUAOTD J 
HOAHarO YCBOeCHIA MpeIMeTOBB Kypca, MOJOMHe JH, Takb Hasbhl- 
BaeMHe my11ade, HANOMHHSWTh HalluXb CTYACHTOBD (TOYnfe BHDpa- 
MAadch, HAMMXS «CTYCHTOBL» AYXOBHHXb ceMHHapii Hw OTUACTH Ay- 
XOBHHXS akagemift). Haxonent, Handomrbe cnocu6HHe H8b HAXD BAYT 
sa upexbin Ilepciu, Bb ropoxp Kepbery (Haxogamifica Bb Oargaz 
CKOME «Butafierb» Asiatcko# Typuin), rab, opn rpo6aanb mintckar. 
cBpaToro, Tyccefifa, HaxOJHTCA BBbICWIeCE® JYXOBHOe YYHIBMe CeRTL! 
MUHTOBS, H TAM, 10 OKOHWAHIH Kypca, epmaTb chleWiasbHwH ox3a- 
MeHS Ha BHCIYH Ke yyeHyl0 (AYXOBHYWO) CTeMeHb Takd HashibaeMare 
MYWmMaAUda HAH MYytumeeuda. ITH H HBEOTOPHIA TOMY MOJ0OHHA Ha- 
SBaHif GHTATeIb, HECOMHBHHO, ye BCTPbialb Bh raseTaxXh Up urTe- 
HiH TeerpaMMb H KOppecnoHyenni#, Kacalwlaxca DepcuAcko# peno- 
ANTM: HATCIIHTeCHIIA CTpaHH,—T. €. DOKka IPeHMYMeECTBeHHO yuamlascs 
Bb AYXOBHHXD WKOAAXE MOIOJCRE H AYXOBCHCTBO—HIrpada KpyOHyK 
pOIb Bb HavaIbHbIH MOMCHTS OCBOOOJHTeAbHAarO ABHREHIA. 

Kopove ckasaTb, BHB AyYXOBHHXS MOM CYMeCTBYeTh AMDIb HBS- 
CEOIBKO CieWialbHHXb UWKOIb Ha salagno-epponelicritt oOpasens H BC 
TaaBh AXD «BsICMIad KOA WOAATHICCREXS HAYEK» BS Terepan'b, KOTO- 
pas HBCKOABEO HaloMuHaeTS Dapumckyw Ecole des sciences politiques 1 
uMbeTh, HA CBOHXE YTHPEXb KYPCaXxd, KaACeAPH WPACIpyAeHuin, Pu- 
AOcOpix, HCTOPiH, MeHIyHapowHaro MpaBa, WOARTHYeCKOH akOHOMIy, 
BhicmieH aHTepaTypH, HayynoH reorpapiu L[lepcin u pannyscKaro 
ASHES. 

Jlaxe whru OoraTHxb posuTere, Oepyulia ypokH y YaCTHHIXh yqu- 
Texel epponelickaro NpOHCXOmMeHiA, HIH OTUPaBIAOMisca Bb Eepony 
CAYMaTb KYPCh! Bb YHHBEPCHTeTAXb HW CUeWiaIbHNXb BHICIUAXS MK0- 
1axXb, H3YIaWTh KOPaH® A HaliOHAIbHHXb MOPAIHCTOBh Bd Mpos 
H CTHXaXh H BOOOMEe He OCTAWTCH Bb HEBBABAIN OTHOCHTebHO 91e- 
MEHTOBD TepCHACKOH KYIbTYPH, HOCHIe#, RAK MH BATBIL, CUAbHHE 
peauriosHlfi oTMeVaTOK'S. 

Ho, roBpopa 0 TAaKOM’ Xapartepb Hpauckaro oOpasz0Bania HW HpauH- 
CKO HHTeXIHTCHIIH, MH JOIKHEI OOPATHTh BHAMAHIe GHTaTele Ha 
TO BaxkHOe OOCTOATEALCTRO, YTO 9TOTS KACPHKAADHHIK, CCIH MOHO TAK 
BHIpashitbcs, crpoit nepcuyzckaro MipoBos3pBbHiat RacaeTesd NOYTH UCKIN- 
GHTeCIBHO BHBMHeH, PopMaIbHOH CTOPOHH Wb1aH AaleKO He CKOBLIBaeT:: 
BHYTpeHHe CBOOOTH IMGHOCTH, KAKb, Halp., TO ABIAeET RaTOABWU3Md. 
IlinsMb ecTb rocylapcTBeHHad pearuria nepcoBt, H UpaBoBspunit 10.1 
eH NOLIWHATHCA eA TPeOoBAHiAMD HM OTMpPAaBAATh MOZ0Oawnlin pe- 


86 HR OB KY RP HG 54, 


e 


JHTIOSHHA OOs3aHHOcTH. OgqHako, He CMOTPA Ha TO, 3TO BS Llepciz 
WiHTOBS HAaCIMTHBAcTCH TpOMagzHoe OoABMIHACTBO (10 Kpatnel mbpb, 
8.000.000 yex. nporaBn 800.000 conHHTOBS, 45.000 apmans, 35.000 
eppeeBh, 25.000 nectopianness, 9.000 ornenokKIOHHHKOBS), Ha 1OGBS 
WiKTCKArO TOIKA BHPOCTAIH H8faBHa CaMbiA pasHoobpasHHls, MOpow 
OUCHb paliOH@aAMCTHUeCKiA CCKTH H NOABIAAHCh DOITH-PHACCOMH, 38a- 
XOFHBIG Bb CBOHXb B3rislaxb Takb JaleKO, ITO OKABSWBAAHCh He 
TOIBEO epeTHKAMH 10 OTHOMeHi kb cBOeH BanioHaIbHOH BbpB, HO 
TAKb HA8HBaeMEIMH Oapiiia, OTAMB CLIOBOMB MCTOPHRA MYCYAbMAHCTBA 
O60SHaIaWTE «Ose, KOTOPhle yTBepAIaWTh BhABOCTS Mipa HW OTPEH- 
WawTh CyMecTBoBaHie TBOpHa, T. €. POPMAIbHHIX, ATCHCTOB», KAkb 
BLipamaeTca yrTpextckit upodeccops [yrcma (Houtsma), oTsbiBasce, 
MexIy UpowmMs, cb Oorbmof MoxBaloH o nepcuycKoms nosTb Omapb 
Xatiamb, 1ucaBMemsb BB XI-Mb BBEB A JO CHXS NOPb ipesBElyahHno 
NOWyISpHOMB Ha cBOoeH ponHHB *). 

Ho, we ropops ye OTAKHXD Kpatnuxt NpesxcTaBuTe1axb cBoboqHok 
MHICAH, HBROTOPHA palionalacTHdeckia CeRTH, NOPOW KecTORO Upecsb- 
KOBaBMiAcsd, HOpOW AO6uBaBMisca OPpuniaibnaro NpHsHaHid A Tame no- 
EPOBHTCABCTBOBABIMIACH HHEIMH BAACTHTOIAME, PAaCOpOCTpakdsin WAWME 
cTorbriamu Bb Mpant uyeu Oy1143Ma, MACTHIMSMA, NAHTeHSMa H PaspEIX- 
AA1M YHCTYIO MYCYABMAHCKYW AOrMy. BB pesyabTaTb DOAyIHAOCh, ITO BS 
TO BpeMS, Kak’b COOmWAeHie BABMAAXD OOPAAOBS rocysapcTBeHHok perH- 
rid MHPHTCH Y CpeqHATO Depca u3b Hapora, Bb OCOOeHHOCTH RABYMLALO Bb 
TOpoAb, Ch peIHTioSHHMb HHLHPDepewTAsMOMD, HACMBINAABHIM’ «BOND - 
TEPbAHCTBOMb» H fake Kpaline CKENTHYCCKAMD OTHOMEeHICMD Kb Upex- 
MeTaMB BBPH, Y UepcHaAckoh wATerAHTeHIN eTO BHBMHee HUCHOBBAa- 
Hie IPHKPHBaeTh BayacTyl UpsaMoe HeBbpie. M ota npakTuka BHYT- 
penHaro oTpunania ro peszurin, KOTOpy dopMaibHO HCOOBbAyeMIb, 
HAaCTOILBEO BOWAa Bb KHSHb, ATO NOAyWIAa Jame ocoboe TysemHOe 
HasBanie «KeTManb». KeTmanb, aTO—UpaBo KaKaroO YAOBBEA CKPHI- 
BaTb CBOH HacTosmia yObeIeHIA HOLS BULOMB OOMeNpHHATOH JOrMH, 
epmach Ha CaMOMB-TO FSIB KAKRHXS YrOMHO B3TIALOBD, XOTA OH NOI- 
Haro aTeH3Ma. OTO OOACHAETS, NOVeMy CBOOOOIWOUBHIA Hen pasxH- 
IHCh Cb TakOQH cCHIOW BB Ilepcin sa mnoca'blwee BpeMaA H TO"eMy 
AYXOBCHCTBO, H IPH TOMB Bb Tako, kasaz0ch OH, Cb Hamel TOUR 
spbuia, «KiepHkalbHol» cTpanb, ABMAOCh OJHAMb H3b NepBHIX'h 
n HanOorbe cHIbHLIXS PepMeRTOBD Opomenia, no Kpatineh mbpb, Bb 
Haqatb peBoswnin. 


*) Cu. cratbio 06% ucnamMé Bb H8BBCTHOMS PYKOBOACTBS 10 HCTOpiH pe- 
uurin: Chantepie de la Saussaye, «Lehrbuch der Religionsgeschichte>; Dpefs- 
6yprs-Jlefnurs, 1897, 7. I, erp. 371. 








cTraPhii H MOXOJOH HPARS. 87 


Vi 


Tenepb MEI 8SHAaCMB XOTS OH BS OOMHXS YepTax’ MaTepiaibHyw 
H ugeitayo cpezy, Bb EOTOpOH muaBeTB HacezeHie Wpana. Haws no- 
eTOMY cTaneTb Ooxbe MOHATHOH HIpa pasIHqHHXb oOOMeCTBCHHHX’S 
CHAS H \SACMEHTOBD, ONPCABIBBINAXD NePCHICKYM peBOsWUiW, HAH, 
ayumle CkasaTb, HepBHe Math ef, TAK Kakb [BHReHie HaxOAUTCA, 
HOCOMH'SHAO, AHINb Bb NePBHXb (asaxb H MHI elle He MOKEM'D Uper- 
BHIBTH ero AaIbHbMaro pasBarTis. 

Bisxaimet upHiaH0t upers-pesornnionHaro 6poxenia 6nlaa pyccKo- 
aNoHcKad BOKHa, MOpatbHoe AhitcTBie KOTOPOH OTPasHAOCh, EAR H8- 
BBCTHO, H& BCBXb He-eBponeickHXh Hapojaxb, BuepRHe YRHIBB- 
MHXb, YTO asiarckoe rocyzapcTBo noObsuAO eBponelickyw Haniw, 4H 
IpH TOMb TakyW, Bb BOCHHYH MOMS KOTOpOH BbpHua nosciory. Korza 
nepeBbCL CTai’b ABHO KIOHHTbCA Ha CTOPOHY AMOni, IPHHAINCh 3a 
OObACHeHie NMpHYAH. Mpewocxorctua asiaTcKolt Hania; H OOpasoBaHHHe 
asiaTH JOIRHH OHIH He pasb UPHATH Kb TOMY s3akIN4eHII,—4ACcTO 
ABAABDICMYCH, MERAY UPOUAMS, Ha CTOAONAXD HUNMOHCEHXS rasers,— 
uTo f[moHia B3aaza Bepxb Hay Poccie nOTOMy, ITO MpexCcTaBAasa 
KOHCTHTYMIOHHYW CTpany, TOTZa KaKb CH MPOTHBHHDA JepKarach ome 
CTapHIX® TOCYAapCTBeEHAHXS DOPAXKOBE: abcomwTasma uw GeskOBTpOIb- 
Haro rocuorcTBa Owpoxpatia. Ussbcria 0 cHIBHO pacIIHpHBIeMCH BO 
BpeMa BOMHE PYCCKOMS .OCBOOOJUTCALHOMS ABAKeHIH H O NepBHXb 
TOOBAOHOCHHXD BHCTYNICHIAXD PyccKOH peBOMWUin, KexAaBWeH cBeCTH 
CBOH CYeCTH Cb paslpoMIeHHHMt Bb [lycamb u Lloprs-Aptyps cra- 
PHM CTpPOCMb, MpOWBBCAH O4eHb CHAbHOe BHeYaTIbRie BS Lepcin. 
BoSHHEla Kax]a NOSHAKOMHTLCA Cb TBMH HALAMH H JOSYHTAaMH, KO- 
TOpHe tO CHXb MOpb mpHxogqarH Bb Apant usb EBpolh JAUIb Bb 
OTPHBOWHOMS H HCKAaRCHHOMS Bub. , 

Pa6borta pyccko# N0iHTHUeECKOH MHCAM, CTPacTHO OnepypoBaBMeH Hal 
OOMeVAOBYeCKHMH H, Bb YACTHOCTH, AEMOKPATHYeCCKHMH HiesaMH Sallag- 
HoH EBponn, Hallla peBHOCTHHIX’ beaTeleH uw nocrbsoBaTesei cpeqa 
oOO6pasoBaHHHXb NepcoBt, KOTOPHe yxe panbe Toro Onn NOATOTOBIeCHH 
Kb BOCOPIATIO OCBOOOAATCALHHIXDS Hie IpaAMHM’d OOMeHieMS Cb dala- 
qoMb. Korga HOBLIA HCH XAHHYIN BB Lepcin, nponsonmisa mN60nbITHAS 
HHTeIIeKTyaIbHas adeppalis HanowBb wpaHcKoh RlepHRaAbHOH KyAb- 
TYPH. (MHI OOSACHAIM BHC, Bb KAaKOMS CMHICI'S Halo MOHEMATS 3i'bcb 
CHOBO «KACPHKaIbHHH»). Bxaroqaps TOMY, ITO Bb HClaM'S 8akJIOGeTCA, 
MeRIY IPOIHMh, H UPOUOBbAL pabencTBa H OpaTcKoH aWOBH BCBXD 
HWpaBOBSpPHHXh 6e€3b paslnyia pach w HamioHarbHocTeli, cpeyH Mep- 
CHICKOH, rlaBHHMb 06pas0Mb, AYXOBHOH HHTeAIHTeHTin, a saTbMb o 
cpeiH HapoOHHXb MACCb, DOIBEPYMIHXCcaA ef Mpullarakyb, BOSHHEZa 
MHICHb, 4TO eH CBOOOH, paBeHcTBa H OpaTcTBa, AbWMiAcd 3b 
CTpaHb IrAypOBb, Bb CYMHOCTA UpHHeceHHt Mipy Kopanomt; HO He- 


, 


88 H E EY QDPUHU GE Sb. 


BBPHHe ObILIH, MOIb, HACTOIbEKO YMHHI, ¥TO, H He IIPHHABb MYCYIb- 
M@HCTBa, BOMAOTHIH Bb RABHH eFO BEICORI€ NPHHOHOH, TOra Kakb 
MaroMeTaHe, XOTA H OOtaqaiomie cBbTOMb HCTHHHAO BPH, cUpaTaru 
HXb 101’ CYA HW OOpekin CeOaA Ha KH3Hb, HeAOcTOHAYyW NocrbyzoBa- 
TezeH [Upopoka. YTa onTHIeCKad HAIW3iA OFPAcHIa CBOHM'S UBBTOMD 
HavyatO WepcHAcKOH peBosNin HW ONperbiwAa BHIAAWMYWCA podb Ay- 
XOBeHCTBA. 

Heyero, KOHe4HO, TOBOpATh, ITO JawekO He BeCh NepcHACKili KAMP 
Melb BO HMA Oe8KOPHCTHHXb HACHHEIXS MOTHBOBS. JOBOIbHO IpaByo- 
NO06HHA CBBIBHIA TOBOPATS O TOMB, TO HeMaNAd YACTh TyXOBeH- 
CTBa CTala 0J’’ SHaMA PeBOAWUIA NOS BrisHiemb srOHCTH4eCKaro 
pas{pamenia Ha Belukaro Busupsa (aTabeka) Ois-sf-JoBls, KOTOpHE, 
CaMb Wolydad TpOMasHhia BsaTKH, — JO 15.000 pyOxeh emezHeBHO 
(?!), — He AyMalb WBAHTLCH HH Cb EBM H, Bb WCTHOCTH, CTapatca 
CBeCTH Ha HBTS BlisHie AYXOBeHCTBa BD AbAaxh ynpaBlenia. Kakp 
OH TO HH OBIN0, Bb CHAY TOPO, YTO VTOHb KOIICKTABHaTO 9HTy3iasMa 
OUWHMaeTh Bh MOMCHTH PeBOIWUIU OT WIakOBS HUSMeCHHHIXS 106y- 
Hewifi f CAMB APAHHHIA HaTYPH, BCe AYXOBeHCTBO NOYTH IBAWKOMS 
BelO ceOxH oOyeHD JOCTOHHO BB STH NePBHIA MUBYTH peBotHNiv. OO 
Upio6pbsio CkOpO TakylO BlaCTb Ha’b MaCCaMH, TO Eb AYXOBEHCTBY, 
ONMpawMleMycad Ha Hapoys, IpHMEHYIO H TOproBoe coczoBie, KOTOPOMY 
Halobin BRIBE NOOOPH AaMHHHCTpalin Hu KOTOpOe, BMBCTB Cb TBMD, 
Oosn0ch rHbBa WHPORUXb ClOeB HacelewiA, YOPekKaABMIUX TOPLoB- 
TeBb Bh TOM’, YTO, DOMKYMad BAACTH, OHH NO MpousBory NOAHHMaIH 
IBHHE Ha TpexmMeTH Nepsofi HeOOXOAUMOCTH H AOBOAMAH Hapodb 10 
kpalinell HYRAN H 20 HAacTOAMAaro rotoza. 

Bo BCAKOMD ClyIab, H3b CpeAH AYXOBCHCTBa, H HMCHHO HSb pA- 
ROBB efO HHATeXAHTCHUIH, BHIABHHYICad MyMTauiS Cenyb-Maromert, 
KOTOPHH crblaich riaBolo aBanrapya ocBoboxuTerbHaro ABUReHiA, 
«IporpeccuBHok» mapTiv, cTaBamel ycramu cBoero BomAa TpeboBaHie 
OTRASAaTECA OTS Y8KO-AYXOBHOM AYALTYPH MH BOCNPHHATD BCB MupOKia 
CBBTCKia HICH COBPeMeHHAarO THBHIM80BaHHaro Mipa. JOOONHTHHMS 
NCHXOIOPHIeCKUMDE MAakTOMb BAHIA eTOTO YelOBbKA Ha ORPyRaw- 
WMHXb MABIKeTCA TO OOCTOATEALCTBO, ITO O'S, 10 Kpafineli MBpb Ha 
I€pBHXh WOPax'h, CHIbHO NOMePRUBAICA CpeHAME ahaTHyeckAMD 
AYXOBCHCTBOM’D, XOTA H JalekO He pasbIABIIMMD BCBX ero Mporpec- 
CHBHHXS TpeOopanif#, H ame CRIOHHID Ha CBOW CTOPOHY Terepal- 
ckaroO riaBHaro MYyITaHsa. 

IlepBiia CTOIKAOBeHIA PEPOPMATOPOBh Cb UpaBHTeIbCTBOM Mpo- 
w80IIIH BB OKTAOpbB 1905 r. BB ropoxb Hepmanb u, orp Bris 
Hiem® penpeccif ara6eka, NOMBeprmaro Hakazanil0 HBCKOABEHXS MYy- 
MTavsOBh H KYMNOBS H UpPOHSBOAHBIMAarO MHOTOYHCIeHHEe apecTH H 
CCBLIKH, PaBHO Kakb Os, BAisniems Bbcrefi nab Poccin, roBopHB- 
uxt 0 noObrbh wapoya Halb CTAPHMS PeKUMOMB, ObICTPO UPHHAIH 
Imupokie pasm'bpH, nepefiga Bb Terepant u apyrie ropoza. Ussw61en- 


> 





CTAPHIA A MOJOJOH HPAH'b. 8Y 


HHMb UpieMOMb pacipocTpanenia uzeH Bb MaccaxXb Ona AX ipo- 
NaraHAa® Bb MCIETHX AYXOBCHCTBOMB, axryndamu (3HATOKAMH apad- 
ckaro) H YH yHOMSHYTHMA TyIaa6aMu—cTyxenTaMH. CKopo 6niga 
yilorpe6zeHa H OYeHb NONysspHaa BB Ilepcin TaxTaka «OecTa», co- 
CTOAMad Bb TOM, ITO AuNa, us6bralmia apecrbsoBanin BracTe HH 
He AOOaBMisca NpaBocysiA, YAAIHWTCA Bb MBCTA, KOTOPHA CIBTANTCH 
HeMpHROCHOBeCHHHMS YOBRKUMEMS, Hallp., MCYCTH, HAAMMA SHATHEIXS 
Hb, HHOCTPAaHHHA OCOILCTBAa, H TaM’b OCTAIWTCA JO THX Opt, 
10kK&a TAR HIH HHAGe He MWOAyIaTh yoBLeTBOpeHia. Ha cet pasp 
6ecTbh OHAb NPOAbAanb Bb pangiosHHxb pasmbpax: Bce AYXOBeH- 
CTBO YA@IHAOCh H38b CTOIMIB H NOCCIHAOCh Bb COCBAHEMS «CBATOMD» 
wbcteyk'b, Ulaxt-A6syasa-A3uMb, TOra Kakb KYMeYECTBO, MpHHABMEer 
Ha cBoH c4ueTb colepmanie sacbamuxh Bb yORRuMS, Bb CBOW O4e- 
peab OprakH30Balo BCeOOMy sabacroBKy. 

IlepponayadsHeiMH Tpe6oBanigMH, KOTOPHIA peBOTMIOnepH NocTa- 
BHIH BCEMOFyMeMy aTaOeky, COBepMeHHO HB0AHpOBaBleMy OOIbHOTO 
maxa, Mysaddepa-an-aua, orb BuboInAaTO Mipa ¥ ylpaBAABlleMy 
CTpaHo, RaKb eMy xoTb10cb, Oban: oTcTaBKa Geabrifina Hayca, On1B- 
Maro MHHHCTPOMb MHHAHCOBS H JHPeCKTOPQMD TAaMOReH WH DOYS HU 
OSAOHHBMATO BECh HAPOAb CBOHMS JHXOMMCTBOMB H NPHTBCHeHIaMH; 
yAatweHie CB NOcTa KepMaHcKaro H TerepancKaro ry6epHaTopoBs, MpH- 
HHMABMIAXS MeECTORIA MBPH ycMapeHia; peopMa TaMOMCHHHXB c6o- 
poBb; a raaBHoe opranusania JZdanagme- Xana, un «Jloma Cmpasei- 
SHBOCTH», T. €. BHICMAaTO cyyeOnaro yapemienia, KOTOpoe BBeAO ON 
BB Ilepcin cylb ckopHi uw past wu, pH DOMONIH aHatOrHuAAlxt 
WBECTHHXS TpHOyHaJOBh, Upeo6pasoBato apxanyeckylo wcrnniw. Kars 
BAAHTh YHTaTelb, DsaTdupMa wHADiaTOpoBh ABuReHiA AHMBbAa MOKA 
BL BHAY YMCTO ANMHHACTpaTHBHHa pedopmb. LH aodonniTHo yeptot 
STOTO JIBHReHIA OHIO pa3sBb TO OeskopHcTie, Cb KOTOPHIMb BORAK 
efo, IpHHaLjexaBimie OombMew YacTiO KB AYXOBCHCTBY H, 3HA4HTS, 
OnBMie eCTeCTBCHHHMH CYIbAMH Haposda WO 8akORY Wapiara, Tpedo- 
BaiH Tbwb He MeHbe yuacTiad Bb HOBOMDS CYLOMpPOnsBOACTBB Oe3pas- 
JHTHO, BAK AYXOBHHIXh, TAKS H CBBICKAXS JAD. 

Crapui pexumMt, Bb Inn aTabeka H efoO CTOPOHHAKOBDS Upu 


 BopB 4 Bb aMAHHCTpallig, COMpoTuBAsIca BTeyeHie HBCKOIDKAXS 


Heybaib TpeOoBpaniams mpoOyrzuBmaroca napogza. Hakonelb, BHAA, ITO 
TYIbCH HavionaibHoH MU3HH MOUTH COBCbME 3aMepb H FocysapcrBy 
TPOSHTS KpymleHie, peakUia Nomsa Ha ycTynky. Bh 3HaMenaTeAbAHit 
qeHb 29-ro yexaOpa 1905 r. BHerb peckpHuNTS maxa oOb yu4pe- 
xlewin «locynzapcTBesHaro Joma CapaseJiuBocTH»: ZYXOBCHCTBO H BO- 
HaRH [BURCHIA BOSBPATHIHMCh Bb CTOANOY HW OHI Cb BOCTOPrOMS 


BeTpBueHH HapOJOM', YCTPOHBIIHMb BeAHKOABOHYHO VIAWMHBATID. 


YoomsanytTei peckpantt, nin dacmrame oObmarb, iToO Oaaroxaps 
yapemaAeHio «Joma» OTHHHS BB WbIB «Mpapocyzia Mu yipaBleHia» 
Re OyHeCTb <HHKAROH PasHHOL MERAY CAOAMA OOMeCTBA», H 3aABAATh, 


90 H E KRYRPUHE SB. 


GTO IPH 9TOM <JOIKHO OFITD 3allpeleHO NPHHHMATL BO BHHMAHIC 
nolomenHie AWGHOCTeH uaa JepskaTb 4bl0-1u60 cTopoHy» *). 

Takb mpaBoBoli cTpo# po6ko Bxogurp BB Ilepcii OJb BHOMS 
pedopmar ioctuniuv. Ho TeMHD ABHReHIA OHI, KAaRb A BCEIAa BO- 
HMHTCH Bb TaKHXS CAYWAAXS, YCROPCHS CAaMMMH BalHTHHKaMH CTaparo 
crpoa. Ipomaa sama 1905 —1906 rr. Hactynaia secna. A aTabeks 
H He AyMalb O UpuBewenin Bb wCHOAHeHie Thxb OObmaHifi, KOTOpHA 
ObIH JaHH Bb peckpunTb maxa. JyxopexcTso, ToproBoe cocaosie u 
BOKAKH Hapowa BelH TSMb BPeMeCHeEML YCHACHHYW Mponaranyy Bt 
Maccaxb, IpiydaBMaxcad Tellepb JBHTaTbCd HA OCHOBAHIH AOSYHIOBS 
pykoposmtereH Bce Cb OOIBUIMMDS H OOAbITMMS efHHOAyMiems. OTTS- 
ruBaHie cyxeOHo# pedOpME BHBHBAO, CCTECTBCHHO, Bb Haposb, OxXBa- 
YeHHOMS OCBOOOJMTCABHEIMS MHAOMS, KeCLaHie PacluHPUTb CBOH MepBo- 
HavaIbubia TpedoBakia. Horga BB Dlepcia OnaH nolyyeHE BSBBCTIA 
QO PYCCKHX «OCHOBHHX®S 8aK0HaXx'b», CAaHEI@HHpPOBaBWHXh, He CMOTPA 
Ha BCH CBOI0 JBYCMBICICHHOCTh, MOIOBHHYATOCTh H Yp'B3aHHOCTh, 3a- 
KOHOMaTeIbHYH JlyMy, TO STHMS OHIE ans TnMHif NOBOE DepcHs- 
CKAMb PeBOINMIOHeEpaMb B3a0CTPHTb CBOK TporpaMMy 4 MOCTABHTb 
tpedoBaHie Haposnaro MpexcTaBuTeabcTBa. 

Hossle w Oombe cepbesHne OesiopsykH BCIHXHYIM Bb TepBoi 
1010BHHS itna 1906 r. Tlopotomt kb HHMDS OAH apecTH H'BEKOTO- 
PHXD NONYAAPHHXE AuOb Hu yOilicrBO OZHOrO cena («DoTOMKa» Ipo- 
poka) OPUNeEpOMS, KOMAHAOBABMIEMS OTPAIOM COIaTh, KOTOPHe OT- 
Ka8adHCb CTpbaAdTb 00 Ty11a6amMs. [lpoasomza orpoMaad JeMOHCTpa- 
id Ha NOxopoHaxt yOurTaro. ATabekb ycTpOuAs, BS CBOW OYepedb, 3a- 
caly H3b cap6as0BB (colsaTb) Op BEXOXB H38b MeYeTH YEPHBMAroca 
TYAa AYXOBeHCTBAa, H TaM’b On0 yOuTO 6—7 Ye1OBbES, KOTOPHe Bb 
HerosyWMeMb BOOOpaReHiA Haposa UpeBpaTHIMCh Bb COTHW TPyMOBt. 
CBa3b MeKAY BOMAKAMA H HApOAOM'’S cTaza eme Oorbe ThcHOW, YBMB 
Ipeaxgje. JyxoneHcTBo TOpmecTBeHHO OObABHIO, YTO He CIHTaeTS 60- 
ibe BOSMOHAHME H AOCTOHHEIM'S OCTABAaTbCH OI’ BYTOM 310UeCTH- 
Baro aTaOeka H yadaeTcad Bb TypenKo-asiatceifi ropoyp HepGeary. 
Oxo, ABiicTBUTeIbHO, HAaYaIO IIPHBOAHTb Bb HCHOAHeHIe CBOW yrposy 
H 1-roO ita, TOPKeCTBEHHO UpOBOmAeMoe HaposOM'b, BEISXalO H8d 
CTOIHIE, HalpaBIAsch CHavala Bb Tropolb Kym. ThMb BpeMeneM>d 
ocTaBmiecs Bb TerepanB pesoronioneph BCTYNHAH Bb WeperoBopLl 
Cb HHOCTP@HHHMH MHccifMH, 4TOOH Haliru ce6b yObmume. 

Hayo ckazatb, ITO OCBOOOgHTeIbHOe ABuReHie BD Ilepciuv BcoHXHYIO 
OYCHb HEORHAABHO TIA UHOCTPAHDeBb, KOTOpHe, UpecIbAya Bb CTpaHs 
CBOH SrOHCTHUHHe HATepecH *), Maio OOpallaiu BHUM@HIA Ha HacTpoeuie 


*) MonHWA DepeBolb AOKyYMeHTA Cb coOmWAeHieMb NepcHACKEXb OG6oOpo- 
TOBb PBYH HAXOAHTCH Bb Y2kO MUTHPOBAHHOMB Hamu oTHIB r. M. A. ,,fo- 
CIB Hee DOAMTHYecCKkOe WBHwReHIe Ilepcia*, BEINYckb DepBHA, cTp. 61. 

**) Cp., Haup., copcbMb HemqaBHO (23-10 cexts6pa 1907 1.) 3aKAWUeHHy1O 
memay PoccieH a Anraie# KonBenuit0, KoTOpad GykBaabHO ppeTb Mpanb ha aactu, 
oTgapad cbpepHyio aacts Tlepcig Ha NOTOKD A pasrpabseHie pyccCKBMb XHIIAU- 





CTAPHH H MOAOI0H BPAH'D. 9k 


YMOBb BB Haporb. TB “8b HHXD, KOTOPHE MpHbawiemkatH KB CTpa- 
HaMb, HHBYMUME U8faBHa MPH KOHCTHTYHIOHHNXD yupemseniaxt, 0- 
BOJbHO CHMUATHIHO OTHECAHCh KB HAaYaly NepcwycKo peBoswnis, 
mozarad, 4TO BBexeHie Ooxbe mpaBHAbHaro UpaBocysia Oyyerh Oxaro- 
WpigTHO H a8 HHOCTpannens. Jpyrie, y KOTOPHX OMA apy 
POHSBOAS, WONATaad, ATO cTapHit MopsJORS OOAbANBaHiA WbAMMEED 
BB ITepcik pH NOMOMM BSATORD BASAPAMD UH XAKHMAM', DOKaIyH, 
peAUOIrwTerbAbe «mpaBoBoro» cTpog. Ho u# Tb, H Apyrie, Bb OOmeMd, 
CMOTPBIH JOBOALHO CHHCXOABTeCIbHO Ha DepBHe Mara ocBobosuTelb- 
Haro (BuReHis, Hasbach, EpOMb Toro, Bb MyTHOH Bob nepcayzcKok 
rpaxiauckoH BOHHH HaOBHTb NO6osbmIe pHOKH amano ce6b. BML 
koraa Oopb6a Hapowa Cb UpaBATeAbCTBOMSB MOCTaBHAa Ha O4epelb 
BONPOCh 0 HACTOAINOMS KOHCTATYNIOHHOMB ycTpoicTBb, noAMTHUeCKIA 
CHMNaTiA BH AHTHNATIN HHOCTpaHDeBh PacUpexBIAAWCh Bb SaBHCHMO- 
CTH OTb XapakTepa HXb COOCTBEHHATO TocyAapcTBa H Xb cobcTBeH- 
HOH kKyabTypH. Ilosromy, Korma HepcwAcKie peBOANWMiOHepH 38aBasalH 
Neperowoph! Cb MACCiAMH, Hila, KYA2 HM «CBCTh BB OecTh», ITOOH 
MIpOHSBeCTH JaBAeHie Ha aTaOeka, TO pycCRad MHCCIA OYHb XOAOAHO 
OTHECIaCh Kb UpeAIOKHIN HPAHCKBXS KOKCTATYMIOHAAKCTOBS, TYpen- 
KO@ HOCOABCTBO Jaxo y ce6a MpilTh JecaTKY NepcoBs, HO MON ycA0- 
BieMb H@ IPOMSHOCATh HHKAKHXE pbiek MPOTHBb MpaBATeABCTBA, H 
IHMb aHTaiickad MHCCif pacTBOpHIa ABepH CBOerO TpoMafHaro caza 
PeBOAWMIOHepAaM, YHCIO KOTOPHIXS OnICTPO BOspaciO Bb sTOMb yOb- 
KHOIB FO 12.000 yenonbas. Ho u «npocBbmenabe MOpellaBaTelHu», 
CkOpbe JnmMb Tepiban y ce6a sty ropsx4yi0, NOIBYW SATysiasMa TONY, 
ThMb OHIH JOBOALHH ef NpebrBaniemb. OpnamIW Aame, KOTMA CH- 
rbamie Bb «<6ecrb» Oven, paciiymbauch oyb Bliasniems pbie opa- 
TOPOBS, aHraifickifi ynorHOMOYeHHHH UpATposaisb 6HA0 peBorMMione- 
pamMb BHTHATb HXB BCBXS cb 6puTancKoH TeppHTopia, HO WOAYIHIb 
SHAMOHATCALHHIH Bb YCTAXb «a3laTOBb» OTBBTS, ITO OHH UPHWIH Bh 
TOCTH He EB abrsifickuMb IHHOBHUKAMS, & KB AHTAicKOMy Mapija- 
MOHTY, H YTO TOIBKO OHS HM'BETS PABO AWIMATD HXD yYObRuma. Lo- 
BCWDAY BS Orpay’b Muccin ObIAH pasOHTH Warp; rarawTcKid EKYXHU 
OHH YCTPOCHH NONb OTKPHTHME HEOOMb AIA UPONOBOALCTBIA B8THX'> 
JCCHTROBS THCAHYD PCBOAWMIOHEPOBS, KOTOPHe NOLYIaIH MAccy CBBCT- 
HHXS IPHUAacoBh H PasHHXb MpeMeTOBb HeOOxo_HMOCTH HB YAOOCTBA, 


a ee eee ee ees 


KaMb, WHY a4Hrtlfckawdb, a cpexHHIO NO10cy—H ThMb H ApyramMb BM‘beTh, 
Kakb ACHO BHTCK&CTh B3b BHAMATCIbHArO YTEHIA AOTOBOPA, HalewaTaHHaro, Me- 
HAY NPOWMd, NOAHOCTLW BL HOMePS OTb 27-ro centa6pa 1907 r. «The Times, 
Weekly Edition», crp.611. Sawhraws KcTatTH, YTO 9TH 1Ba TOcylapcTsa BIpawTs H 
BHASMyNCaA pOIb BU BAbUBeH TOproBAs Ilepcia: sb 1905—1906 r., sp oOmeh 
cymmb BBOga, paBHos 386.463.000 xpaxams, 2018 Pocci BHpamatach 194.356 000 
KpOHaMb, 2038 Hputancro# amunepin—122.886.000; Bb o6meh cymmb Bnosa, 
paBHof 293.143.0000 kpanams, n018 Poccina—197.480.000, no1a Bputancro# um. 
nepia—26.031.000, Ilo Busosy Typmia maa Hemweqienno 3a Pocciett a neperb 
Aarsiefi: 48.820.000 kponopp. Cm. «Almanach de Gotha», erp. 1011. 


42 H. EF. KEY RPAH SB. 


BUIOTh JO KOBPOBS H Kadb#HOBD, OT CBOUXb eCAHHOMBIWICHHHROBD 
Bb ropoxs. 

Tlopo6una me CHEHH pashirpHBaluch OJHOBpeMeHHO BB Kymb, Hc- 
naraHH, Esyb, Kepmanb, Kaspunb, Pemrb, Wlupasb, Xopacans ag Bp 
Apyruxb TOPOaxh H JepeBHAXS, UPAYeMh BE BSEROTOPHX, OGHIEHO- 
BCHHO M@JO0 HAaCCICHHHXb, HO COePRAMAXb CBATHIHOLA MBCTCURAXD 
CKOUISIUCh TPBAUATH-THCAIBHA TOM Bapoga. Ilopcioxy OyxHHIHaX 
HSHb HaceleHia saMepia, Oasaphl SARPHAHCh H IJHMb raraHTcrie 
MHTHHIH OTpakalH MpAuomHATOe HacTpoeHie xuTexe, KOTOpHIe 10- 
CTaBIAIHCh Bb HSBBCTHOCTS O TOM, YTO WAAAOCh Bb Apyruxs MB- 
cTaxb, 61arolapa XOpOMO OpranH30BaHHOH AYXOBeHCTBOMDS H KyMe4Ve- 
CTBOMb CHCTeMb Hepezayu HoROcTeHl usb Kpagd BB Epa. Kars npexye 
HapONb, BAOXHOBAACMHIA AO3YHTaMH BOMAKOBS, TpehoBalh eAHHOAYMHO 
<CIpaBeIHBOCTH», TAK Telepb OHS TpeOOBalt CAAHOAYMIHO «KOHCTH- 
TYHid», HMCHHO «KOHCTHTYIi4», UpOywHO ycTaHOBIeHHarO UpaBoRoro 
TOCYapcrBeHHaroO NOpsyKa, Kakb TIACHTb DePCHACKOe CHOBO matus- 
pyme. VW tporaterbHo 6n110 CAWWAaTb,—roBopHAb MOH coOecbAHHKS, + 
KoTOparo a GOepy sTY NOCASIBWW JeTatb,—TporaTeibHo O10 CAHDMIATh, 
Kakb MpoOcTHe JOH, sayacryW ObARHe KpPeCTbAHe HAH [MOXOBHHRE- 
pateme, Bb OTBBTh Ha BPOHHIECKIG BOUPOCH SANMHTHHEOB'S cTapare 
NOpAIka: «HO Kakb He BEI MOMeTE MPOCHTh ClpaBeAIMBOCTH, RAK BH 
MOmeTe IPOCHTb KOHCTHTYHIH, KOTJ&@ CaMH He SHaAeTe XOPOMICHbEO, 
4TO STO TAakoe>, BOSPAHAIH CKPOMHO, HO TBepPyJO: <AMeHHO NOTOMY, 4TO 
MBI HE B8HA&eM'b, YTO TAKOe CUPAaBeAIMBOCTh A KOHCTHTYHIA, HOO HX? 
HBTS Y HaCh JO CAXD Oph, MW uw TpeOyemb A TOH, H Apyro#>... 

A aTa6eKb OKPYRHTh OKOHYATCALHO HeIBSHHMS KOABUOMS ODEER 
H Hajsopa sce Oombe a Oorbe cra6bamaro usHyecKH H YMCTBeHHO 
Waxa H IIpelsaTCTBOBaIb fame ero ceMecHHHIMb, HeHaMb H T. UO. 
COOOMaTh MOHAapXy O TOMS, 4TO AbAatoch BB crpaHb. Hanover, 
KOr&® EPH38HCb Jomelb JO BHICMAarO HanpsameHia n Lepciu, kasa- 
HOCb, TposHIb HensObRENH pacnal’b, MHAHHCTPH BR riaBb cb Hau- 
6omb-9¢-Cartans, OpaToMb Waxa, YUPaBIABWAMb BOeCHHHIMb MHAHH- 
CTPpOMb, MOTpe6oBazH MOUTH eqBHOTIacHO OTb Ditn-9f-JoRzea, 4TOOW 
OHb NOLaIh Bb OTCTABKY, OUPAACh Ha Telerpaduble OTBETH *) BCBX> 
TyOepHaTOpoBh, COOOMaBUIHXS, ITO NOBCHOAY Hapors Tpebyersh ogHoro: 
yaalenia cb nocta aTabexa,. Meany rbmb npHOanxKeHHBIMD Yat0cb 
JOIORUTh Waxy 0 NOAOMeHIM hb Bb CTpanb, XOTA A He PasBepTH- 
Bad Wepelb OoAbHHiMd BCe TparuaHocTu cobnTifi. Kant OH TO AH 
6u10, nocab wbgotoparo Kore6anig M KOBaPHHIXd MAHeEBPOBS JHH-9L- 
JJop19, TO NoxapaBmaro Rb OTCTAaBEY, TO OpaBllaro ee Ha3zay’b 10 
Wpoch6b mi0xo ocBbAOMAeCHHATO MOHApPXa, UOcIbARIA YBOIKI, Hako- 
Helrb, aTabeka, 2 Ha ero MBCTO HasHayHIb Mymupa-ay-Jonaa, ye 
cTaparo YeIOBBRa, KOTOPLI MOIb80BaIcH pelyTamie! MATEKATO H Bb 
o6memMT CHMNaTHInAarO TocyzapcrBeHHaro AbaTersx. Ho raaBHad porb 


*) Bp Ilepcin cuntraetca 131 TenerpagHoe 610po, H AIHHA NPOBONOKRS o0- 
cTuraeTb 16.726 Kua. 





cTaPHit H MONONUH UMPAHS. 93 


BH paspbmenia KpHsuca Bhillata Ha 201 Gombe aHepruaHaro A 4e- 
cToawm6usaro Han6a-sc-Caitans, KoTOpHH oObaBAAD peBolWNioHepaM'S, 
4TO, CCH OHH BHHALY1B wsb 6ecTa H YCTPOATS OOWYAYH H.AINOMHAADID 
Bb eHb pOxJeHiH Maxa, Bb 8hak'b NPAMUPeHiA Cb IpaBUTeLCTBOMD, 
To OHB Oepetca OGCHTh AME OT MOHAPXA PECKPHITS 06% yapexre- 
Hi TpeOyemMaro HMH Haposgaro coOpania. 

Bomakh JBURCHIA OTRASHBANTCA BCHOAHATS Wpersomenie Hau6a-ac- 
CaiTaHa, CIIpaBCAIHBO Nosospbead ero Bb KeIAHin MPOBeCTH PeBOAN- 
Tionepossb. UecTromo6entb, ckpbua cepaie, upHChllaerb, HAKOHEL'S,; 
23-TO ilodgd MeAAHHHH peckpunts maxa. Ho, ysHaBs ero cosepmauie 
H BHUS, 4TO ycTaBb AH LOPAAOKS MpoekTupyemaro coOpavia OUKALI 
OHITb, COrMacHO OMY, BHPAOOTAHH HCKATHTCIbHO BOIHKHM' BUSHPEMS, 
peBormiOHepH He COTlamMawTca OCTaBATb cBoe yObRUMCe, DOKa BB. 
TpaBATeALCTBEHHOMS akTB He OyAeTS OTOBOpeHa HeEOGXOAUMOCTL «O0J0- 
OpeHia H yTBepasenia HBO6paHHEIX® Jaa Toro Appel». HM sambuare.ss- 
HO, 4TO Haporyh, elle He NOCOBBTOBaBINACh Cb CBOHMH BORAKAMH, 00 
coOcTBeHHOH UMHATiaTHBB COpBaTh H YHHYTORHID BCS packleecHAHe 
10 FOPOAY SK3EMMAAPHI STOTO He YAOBIETBOPHBMALO HXb PeCKpHITA. 
[{[pomao ene yeThipe JHA OmMJanifi, u, HakoHeIrb, 27-ro itaa Onyb 
JaHb OKOHYATCABHHH JacTXaTh, KOTOPHIMb OOBABAAAOCh OOB «yIpeR- 
yeni BB Terepaub nanionaibHaro coBbmarerbnaro coOpanis, cocTos- 
Maro 436 H8OpaHHHXb OTh NPHAWEBh, Y1eMOBB (AYXOBCHCTBA), Kal- 
RAPOBh, BEALMORL, APHCTCKPATIN, SEMICBIALSALNEBS, KYMDOBD A pemMe- 
CHCHHHKOBB 110 HXb Ke BHIOOpPY, AaObl OHH BO BCBXD WhlAXb TOcy- 
JapcTBeHHHXb H BO BCeMb, 4TO KacaeTcA OOMaro Ozara, DuMOraay 
OH CBOHMH COBBTaMH H 3aMbuaHiAMH Halla MHHACTPaMb BB pedhop- 
MaXb H YIYWleHiaxt, KOTOPHA OYTYTh CABIAHH DAA CyacTiA H Osa~- 
rogenctBia [epciu>. Bubcrb cb Thus maparpads 0 cocTaBjeHia ycraBa 
coOpania BHusHpeMb ObIb H3MbHeHS BS CMBICAA NOMpaBKA, Opesio- 
KeHHOH peBoslonionepaMH: «...BH, CorzacHo ATOFO PeCKPHUTa, Ipuroro- 
BHTe ycTaBb H sBHIpaboTaeTe NOPAAOKS sToro cobpania u BCe, 4TO Als 
STOTO HeO6x0jJHMO, Cb O06peHia uw yrBepmAeniA U36paHHHIXS 1.14 aTOro 
aojet» *). 

Ilo DOBOAY mepesoxa sTOTO JOKYMCHTA MBI JOIKHH cCi'b1aTb, CO 
CHOBb MOCTO cO6eCbAHHKA, OVCHD BaxKHOe B8aM'baanie, a UMeHHO, ITO 
Depcwickoe Ha3BaHie napzamenta «Mogmancs-H-Iopa-n-Meaau» He- 
BBpHO WepeBoguTca Ha eBporeHckie ASHIKH CIOBAMA «HalioHa.bHOe 
cosrumamensnoe coOpanie». OHO eCTb He TOJbKO COBbMAaTeIbHOe, HO 
H BakOHOMaTeabHOe yupemsenie, Takb KAaKb Tiarolb «mopar Orne 
BCeTO NOAXOLUTH NO CMEICAY Kb Ppannysckomy raaroazy délibérer, 4To 
BHAIATh, EGR BBBBCTHO, HE TOAbKO «COBBIMAThCa», HO H «IIPHABMATh 
pbinenie» (BB pesysetaTb copbmania). To ppasnyscka rosoputca 
Jame prendre une délibération, a assemblée délibérante OTHWAB Re 
3Ha4Th COBLUaTeAbHad adatTa, Jie ROTOpoH cymecTByeTb Apyroii 


*) Cm. ,Tocabavee noant. aBan.", I, erp. 63—-64. 


O04 H E KY RPHUH Sb. 


TeCpMHH', assemblée consultative, a HMeHHO HacTOAMifi NapxaMeHTS, H 
obcyxzanmi, u pbmanmi# Bsonpocs. CoorBbrcrBeHHO cb oTUM>, Hb- 
CKOIBKHMH CTPOKaMH HH&e, Ppasy JOKYMeHTA «MOMOFATh cosmmamu 
H 3aMbiabiaMu» cIbAyeTS 8aM'bHATS Mpasok: «MoMOTaTh Odcyacdentamu 
(amMbwIHMA H sHayeHie pbmeni#t) u sawbuaniamu»... Mu He Oepemcs, 
KOHCWHN, pboaTb, YMHOLICHHO JH HAH HOYMHIMLICHHO COCTaBHTeAA pe- 
CKPHNTa yNOTpe6HAH BHpamewie, KOTOPOe IpH MepeBorB MORETD BHI- 
SBaTb, Ja Ye H BHSBaIO, HesopasyMbHie, HANOMHHAWMee Hamy pop- 
“MYIY CaMOJe@pRaBHO-KROHCTHTYMIOHHOH MOHAapxiH... 

‘/ Ho BospparuMca OTb POPMYAb Kb RABHH A XOMY NOABTHICCKHXD 
co6niTifi Bb Lepcin. Oxepkans nooObAyY H NOAOHUBE HayaxO KOHCTH- 
TYNiH, PeBOAWMIOHEPH PBIIAAH YCTPOMTh TOPAecTBeHHHH BRSSIb MY- 
MITaHIOBb B8b Kyma BB Terepanb. ITO cobutie, n01yauBMee, Oxaro- 
Japa sHTysiasMy TOIUH, XapakTepb HacTOAMaro HaposHaro UpassHe- 
-CTB&, Bb KOTOPOM’, HE CMOTPA Ha CONPOTHBIEHIC AYXOBeEHCTBA, YYACTBO- 
Bala He OJHAa THCHYA RCHMHS, HMSO MbCTO 2-ro aBrycta. A 5-ro 
COCTOMIOCh <OTEPHTIC», KAKb BHPARAAIWCh TYSCMHHA (aseTH, BIA TOU- 
He TOBOPA, TOpmecTBeHHoe OObsBAeHie 0OOb yapemmenin Halionaxb- 
Haro coOOpanis, UpHieMb BARD riaBHH MaHHCTpD (Carps-A‘asams) 
Mymupt-o92-JoB1a, TakB MK OpaTOpd OT Haposa H AYXOBeHCTBa, OOM'B- 
HAIHCh IPHBRTCTRIAMB H WOReAAHiAMH 110 NOBOLY HOBOH opH, OTEPHI- 
Babmefica Jaa Iepciu. He wbmaerh wanoMHHTb, ITO NpescTaBATeXb 
Hani 8asBIAIb ele Bb sTOH pbav, YTO «YXOBEHCTBO ABAAeTCA HA 
BeMIB JYXOBHHMB DapeMb Hab HAapOOMb 00 HacaBACTBY OTS HMA- 
MOB» *). 

HapogHoe AakOBaHie cMBHHAOCh HOBOH TpeBOrot H HOBHIMB «6e- 
CTOMb», KROFfa OKasal0cb, ITO aTaOekb, KOTOPHH 00 ycaOBin JOImeHS 
‘OHI YJ@IPTHCA OKOHYATCIbHO 43% CTOAMDH H AbACTBUTeIbHO OTMOpa- 
BHIcg Bb Masansepanckyr NpoBHAiW, BAPyrh cHOBa npHOAMsHACA 
KB Terepany H Woceauica na cBpoek jzavb. Hapoysb eecTOKO yupekart. 
AYXOBCHCTBO H BOOOME BOKAKOBL BL HepBOMATeAbHOCTH 4 GesneTHO- 
CTH, CTABHBIIAXS CHOBa Ha KapTy cBodoxy Dlepcin uw cyactie Hacexe- 
His. Pepoawnionephl OTKPHAH HOBYIO KaMMaHi0W IPOTABB BAacTeH 4, 
HAKOHEINS, NOK LAaBACHiCMh MACCb, Max HAaCTOSAD HA OTHSSTB aTa- 
eka, BABXaBmaro BE Xopacakt 25-To aBryctTa, HA YTBePAHAB DOLPOG- 
Hoe MoLomeHie 0 BHOOpaXxh BS MCARAMCS, OYOAMKOBAHHOS 28-ro Toro 
ame MBcala. 

CorsacHO <UpaBulaMs 0 BHI6opaxh», OCHOBQHHHIXS Ha JBYXCTeMeH - 
Ho cHcTeMB, «BHIOOPIHKaMH H8b Haposa Bb OorociacaeMHXb cTpa- 
Haxt Upana» sBIAWTCA Inna «crbyWMAXS Kateropifi»: «IPRA 
KPOBA H Kajwaphl (MOTOMEH polka, H8b KOTOparO BHMIa TapCcrBy- 
Mad AHHACTIA), YICMBI (AYXOBCHCTBO), TYAIAOW (CTYACHTH IPH Meqe - 
TAX), BEAbMOMHA H APHCTOKPATiA, KYNUW, NOMBOLARH H seMIeAbA bE, 
H peMeCIeHHHEX». ‘Hamjoe OTAbABHOe cocaOBie, cOoOpaBMAch Bh RaQ- 


*) ,[locabaH. Donut. apux.*, I, erp. 56. 








CTAPHH H MOXONOH NPAH'D. 95 


EJOMb H8b TOPOAOBR OOAacTH, BHORPaeTL OAHOFO BHIGOPMHEA H 0- 
‘ChHAaeTh eFO Bb réaBHHH ropols o6aactu. Bw6opmuku cobnpawtcs, 
‘TARHMB O0OpasoMb, Bh TlaBHEXs roposaxb o6zacteH wu BHOHPANTS 
qzeHOBS HanionasbHaro CoOpanis, 4HCAO KOTOPHXb Bb AAHHHH MO- 
MCHTS OrpaHHyeHO 162, — HO MOMETE OHTD AOBETeEHO AO 200 YeAO- 
BBEb,—H8b KOTOPHXS 32 SABAAWTCA HPOACTABHTCAAMH OTS CTOIHOH, 
@ OCT@IbHHe OTb sfoxeTeBD (oOzacTe#) a BadakeToBD (NpoBHHni), 
BB GHcrb 6 wan 12 oT Kampol, cmMOTpa NO Hxb HacexzeHiN. Jaa 
TOTO, ITOOH OHTH H8OHPaTeAeM, HAO OMITL NEPCHACKHMD NOAASHHEIMS, 
HMBTLD He MeHBO 25 Xbrb, «HMBTb MBCTHYW H8BBCTHOCTD>; CBEDXD 
TOTO, DOM'BOWKH H SOMXCXBABIE JOARHH OO1aNAaTH COOCTBEHHOCTLW 
BB 1000 ToMaHoBD (upH6susutTezbHO 1700 py6.), Byomh — uMbTb 
‘AaBEH H Oper bAeHHHH pOXb TOProBAd, PeMeCICHHAKH—OUpeAbACHHOC 
peMeciO H MACTepcEyM «cpexHeH NxaTH 3a HaeMB». He MOryTs OHITS 
H3OHPaTeCASMH: MCHUAHH, BOCHHHE, 8IOCTHHC OAaHKPOTH, IpPeCcTyNHAEA 
HAH NOLOBPBBACMEIC Bb HBBBCTHLIXD MpPecTyNACHiAXh, «AHA, HSBBCTHIA 
HCIOP¥YeHHOCTLH CBOHXD yObmyrenifi» a tT. 7. UroOn OHTA WWeHOMS 
HanionambHaro co6panis, Hag0 OTS rpaMOTHEIM® 00-NepCHACKH, UM'BTB 
ne MeHBIIe 30 a He Gombme 70 ABTS OTE poxy, He COCTOATR Ha 
TOCyAapcTBeHHOk cxyROb, «OHITS CBBAYOIUNE Bb AblaXb CTpauH> H 
T. 0. Ba6opmykA He JOUKHH HelpemMbHHO BHOHPAaTh B8B CROEFO CO- 
ci0Bia. Jud HagsOpa 8a BHIOOpaMA CYMIECTBYNWTE Bb KaxksOl MBCTHOCTH 
KOMMHCCIH, COCTOSDA H3b «HBB BCTHHXS INNS BCHXS MecTu KaTeropitt 
BHOOpmHEOBS». IpoxormatTexbHOCTh nOAHOMOUIH H38OpPaHHHKOBD Hapo- 
Ha 7Ba roqa. «be3b paspbuitesia coOpania Hu OMHOFO 48 IJCHOBS 
€TO He MOFYTb HH NOMS KAEUMD IPeIACTOM'S CXBATHTb H apecTOBaTh, 
pasBB 4TO OHS COBEPMATE WpecTyNieHie BIH H8MBHY ABHEIMS OOpa- 
30Mb». BHOOpH JOAKHH NPOHSBOAHTECA OaIOTAPOBKOW, NO a6coiwrT- 
HOMY H OTHOCHTCAbHOMY GO@eIbIIHHCTBY, & BB Clyaab paBeHcTBa Tol0- 
COBB 00 xpedin. Jexb BHOOpOBS — NATHHIA (MYCYIBMAHCKOe BOCKpe- 
ceHbe). CrozoBoe cosepxanie HW HaloBanbe WeHOBD coOpaHia ompe- 
mbaaWTCaA caMuMt coOpaniems. Bors raaBybimia 23% TpHAATH Tpexb 
cTraTell <l0A0meHiA», NOAHWH Nepesoxs koTOparo paeTb ©. M. A. *) 

OcTaBai0cb IPHCTYDATE Kb BHOOpaMb, OPA YeMB <NosoReHie» Ha- 
CTAHBaiO H& BOSMOKHO ckOpbiiliems us0paHin AemyTaToBb ors Tere- 
paHa, KOTOpHe, Bb BHAY MpoOOMRATeAbHOCTH BpeMeHH, Tpe6ywmaroca 
NO MBCTHHME yCJOBiIaMS (JaabHOCTH pascTOAHiA pH OTCYTCTBiH Xx0- 
pomuxb oyTe# coo6menii **) yaa noasBienia Bb CTOIBOB 061aCTHHX'S 


*) ,IIoca. nox. aBux.*, I, erp. 66 — 73. 

*¢) ‘lo cuxt opt Bb IJepcin cymecrsyeTh 1amb KOpoTenbRan (18 kad.) 1H- 
Hin KOABZHWXIB NOPOTb MemAY Terepanomb u yRe ASRBCTHHMD HUMd MBCTCIROND 
Waxt-A6ayiia-A3sHMOMb, ABS AOCTYNHHA WIA NOBOZOKD OOHRHOBCHHHA JOPOTH 
uzb Terepana sb Kym ou uab Terepana st Pemrs, onda npoBexeHhad pyccKAMH 
ppobsxaa xe Aopora orb Ta6pusza azo [myana a NpoBowuMaA anTranyanaMa 
xopora 3b Kyma spb Hcnaranb; octaibane nytTH coo6menia—na 6o1bme, HH 
NCHBMC, KAKb KapapaHHwA AOPOrHE. 


96 H. £ KY APH ND. 


‘I€YTATOBb, JOIRHH OWIH HeMeAIeHHO xe oOpasoBaTh coOpanie x | 
OTKPHITL eFO sacblahig, He JOMMAasCh UPHOHITIA NPOBHEMaIbHHXt ° 
Tepapamel. 

Cpequ Hatin, TOABEO 4TO OJepmasuieH nOoObAy Hayb MpaBHATes- 
CTBOMB, paciipocTpanaica cBoeodpasHn «MaHHecrh>, Bb KOTOPONS | 
OTB HMCHH HapOsa BHCKASHIBatach O1arolapHOCTh BCBMb Hans, 
CONBHCTBOBABINHMD BBOACHIM KOHCTATYUIH (Waxy, MMHHCTpaM'b, BORa- 
KaMb [BHReHia, Jame «ecayry XabaeBpy», HOMOMHHKRY HaiaibeAka 
Tepcnyckoh kasaybelt Opurasbl, MHCTPYETOPOMB KOTOPOH ABIAWTCA 
pycckie opunepH, 84 TO, ITO OH, «He CMOTPA Ha OCSYMHHA UpHRasania 
cyMacmegmaro pycCkaroO HawalbHHka, UpWkas8arb CBOHM'D NOMGHHeE- 
HEIMb OCTeperaTeca yOificTBb H KPOBOMPOIUTiA»), & MPOTHBHHEAML 
OCBOOOTHTeIbHAaTO ABHReHIA, OCOHeHHO «NOARY PepaxaHCKOMy», pacto- 
qanwTCH mpoKiarig. | 

TBMb BpeMeHeEMS MIPOHCXOAHIH BHOOPH, H Upemye Bcero BB Te- 
repans, rb qwcao WenyTaToBb Owx0 yBerHyeHO cb 32 yo 58. Hbx0- 
TOPHe H3b «IPHENEBh A KalKapoBh» pbMuIn Oofikoraposats BHOOpH, 
"TOOH TBMB MpOTecTOBaTS IpOTHBS BBeseniA KOHCTUTYHin. OTs oof 
KaTeropix ObLIO ThMb He MeH’be BHOpaHo 4 jJenyraTa. JyxuBeHCTEBO 
NocdadO Tome 4 JelyTaTa, «MOTOMCTBEHHHIe KYNUH» — 10, «apucro- 
KpaTH, X@aHH», LOMBOLHRH CTOIHOW A OkpecTHocTeH—11; ocTaabHHe 
ClaraiHCh HY UpelcTaBuTeteH pasIM4YHHX FTOPOMCKHXS IpOMBICIOBB 
H peMeCIb, HBRKOTOPHE H3b KOAXD OTAHIAWTCA SHAGHTCIbHHIMD «MBCT- 
HLIMb KOJOPHTOMS». TakOBH, Haup., «MacTepa saHnaBbcell»>, <MacTepa 
cebuefi Hq MHJa», «IpolaBnel KyManifi: naxoy, wH10y, Ke6abb», «O6aHs- 
IQMEH», «BOXOHOCH* H T. 0. OnnosHnioHHbie opraBH OTMbTHAH BD 
JOBOAbHO TYM@HHHXD BLIPAKeHiAXb TOT MakTb, YTO apMAHE H eEBPeH 
OHIH BHAYXICHH DepeyaTb cBOH Tos0ca AyXOBeHETBY. 

daxO18 HBCKOIBEO BHepelb COOMTIH, CkaxkeMb 00 STOMY MOBORY, 
4TO AO CHX NOPb XapakTephb WepcHACcKoH KOACTHTYUIA He BHACHEHD 
H CAYRHTS UpeAMeTOMD CHOPOB MERAY CTOPOHHARAMH YACTO CBBIcKOH 
KOHCTHTYHIOHHOH xXapTia HM CTOPORHHRAMH XapTia zyxoBHO#. Mosngzn- 
MOMY, Bb Heh HBTS UpPAMOTO sanpeMenia BHOOPOBh Jif 1H0b He-My- 
CYAbMAaHCKaro BbponcnoBbAania. MW oxnako BB NocaABABee BPOMA Bb 
cTbHaxt caMoro MapsiaMeHTa pa3zzawTca rorz0ca, Tpedywmlie asMbHeHIA 
pequriosHaro xaparTepa KOHCTHTyHig. Cb gpyro# CTOpOHH, ecan 
aPMAHb HW eBPeeBh «4eCTbIO UPOCATS» DOLaBaTb HXB Tos0ca 3a upa- 
BOBSPHOC AYXOBCHCTBO, TO OTHEMOKIOHHHRAMS (reOpaMb, HI lapcaMm) 
u3b H3qa yaadtoeb MpOBeCTH cBOerO JenytaTa, 10 AMeHH ApG6a6a- 
AmeMINua,—Eakb cOOOMAIS MBB MOH cBO6oR,0THOnRHK cobecbhHHHE'S... 

BepheMca, BUpPOWeMS, Hasadh, ITOON uslaraTh NOCIbAwIA COOEHTia 
BB Upanb mo nopsgny. OTKpHTie MelxIHCa,—Cb OJHHMH Terepax- 
CKHUMH JCNyTaTaMu, TaKb RAK MPOBAHMa.bube BHOOPH 8aTAHyaAnch 
O1arosapa JaBleHil0 XAKHMOBb, HCHABUAAIMAXS HOBHH cTpok,—amwbro 
mBcTO 26-ro ceHTaOps. [lpm sToMb Onaa UpowwTaHa TerepaHCKHMT 
TyGepHaTOpOMS JOBOIDHO OaHadbHad NpuBbrcTBenwad pbib Waxa, no 





CTaPhiii i mOAONOH HPAB. 97 


GoxbsHH He MOTMAaro OTEPHTh caMolH4HO coOpania. HM caymarean He- 
BOABHO IPHUOMHHAIK ABB Apyria ropasgo Gombe aATepecHhia pba 
wiaXa, UPOH8HeceHHHA MMB HesagosTO JO OTEPHTIA MeAAHCA, PBIE, 
Bb KOTOPHIX> MOHAPX’S NPH3HABalb, ITO coBpemMeHHOH Ilepcie# Heabsea 
yUpaBIATh Ha MaHepd Hapa, w WbAaId OHS INGOOMLITHOS BAABACHIC, 
GTO OH}, COOCTBEHHO TOBOPA, Ye TAaBHO NOAYMHBAIb O peopMaxs, 
cOOooOMaAb Jake WAaHH TOCylapcTBeHHArO NpecbpasoBabia CBOHM MH- 
HHCTpam, OcoOeEHO Ke BAYMABMIEMY eMY JOBbpie BexXHKOMY BHBHPW 
OmaHy-9c-CadbTaHe H ero UpeemHHEY OftH-9-Jonzs. Ho kakb TOTS, 
TAKb H APyTOH Bce BPeMA OTRAAANBAAU OTH NAAHH Bb AOATIM AMBES, 
JEASHIBad «Ha AeIBSHLIA MpeATCTBiA» BTAMS «BeAHKHMD HaM'bpe- 
Hiam>b». Bob N0Hs14, ITO STHMH ARCABSHHMH MPCNATCTBIAMH OKA3H- 
BaAHCh HexelahHie MUHHCTPOBb pascTaTbca cb cBoe SesrpanudHok 
H O€SKOHTPOAbHOH BacTbIO H BHOAHB ecTeCTBeHHad CB HXb CTOPOHH 
O0A8Hb HHNXb, HOBHIXD MOPAXKOBh. TakuMb oOpasomb OkasHBasl0Ccb, 
4TO «apb Dapefi», KOTOpH MOrb NOCAaTHTh Ha KOI, paspb3aTb Ha 
KYCKH, CK€%b Me@IICHHHIMS OFHeME AWGOTO Mepca, He MMBIb CHAN 
mpeogsorbrh compoTuBienie BetuKaro BusHps. [loyuuTeabHH «lIpes- 
MCTHHLA ypOKb» Jd an6nTexei exuHoAMUHOH «cHabHOoH» BuacTal.. 
PaOoTH OTKPHTarO MeARAMCA, HAYAaBMarO Cb XapOMb CBOW A'bA- 
TCIbHOCTh, CKOPO NPHHAAH ORMBACHHHH XapakTepb, HO Ob Bpe- 
MCHHO OTKXOHCHH OT? CROeErO DpaBAdbHaro pycaa BCABACTBIe Tpe- 
BOAHCHIK, BOSHHKWHXS Ha DOI GoxbsHA CTaparo maxa, ero CMePTH 
H BCTYMieHia Ha Wpectors HoBaro miaxa, Myxammega-Aaa, &OTOpHIE 
HOAbSOBAICA CHMUATIAMH PYCCKAaTO MpaBATeACTBA, HO OHI HeAWOEMD 
HepcHACKHMS Hacetediemh 8a ero peakuionHiia Teapennin. Kart 
TOABKO HacrbaHHES Upectora mpHOHA (4-ro AekabpaA) Kb BSTOOBLW 
cepbe3Ho OoibHOrO OTOa, OHS cefyach #e HAayaIb BRTPHTH Cb WbALW 
BePHYTh Hasakb CibIaHHHIA Haposy yCTyNMKU, H WapsaMeHTL H Hace- 
Aenic UpHDAu BL «pafinee nosbykacHie, YMupatomlemy maxy Ha ci'b- 
aywomifi me JeHb (5-ro Jexaps) IpuMI0ch NHCbMOMB Kb Upexcbla- 
TOI MCMRINCA YCHOKANBATS CHOBA HapeBUIWMOHHSHPOBAHHble YMHI. 
Ba nHchbMb Abiax0ch TopRecTBeAHOe sanBienie, ITO peopMH OYAYTS 
COXpaHATbCS H 10 CMeEPTH JapoBaBIlaro HXb MOHapxa. Cb cBoel CTO- 
POHH, HuCXbAHHED He OCOHOeHHO OXOTHO coraallaicd Ha STY TARTHEY 
IpHMupeHisx, Bcero AScKOIBEO Ane cnycTa Tpe6ya usMbHHTD BHpaoo- 
TaHHHA Kb TOMY BPeMOHH MeARIMCOMb NMPOCKTb KOHCTHTYMIH 4H, 
MeKIY MPOWMb, YIpPeAMTL «<BTOpO! MeARINCL» NOKb HasBaHiem Ce- 
HaTa. Bs pesyabtarb KOMMpomucca MemAy HaCrbaHHKOM® H Mapia- 
MCHTOMD, OUHPANMLUMCA Ha Hapors, OA BLIPAOOTAHS HOBHIH MpOeRTS, 
NOAUHCaBBHH cTaphim’ maxoMh H ero RacabanuROMS 19-ro peKkaOpa. 
OTO TaKb HasHBaeMad Bb 3allaqHO-eppoleickuxb HCTOUHHKAXD «KOH- 
CTHTyHia 1-ro aHBaps (H. c.) 1907 r.». CoraacHo HOBO KORCTATYHIE, 
yupexiaica ceHaTh usb 60 yaeHoRD, 30 no HasHayeHil maxa Hu 30 
m0 BHOOpy MelmInca. 3a TO <ycraBb HalioHalbHaro coOpaHia # 


Cexata», Mpoxoimaa ynorpeOasaTh anuTeTH, MOryMie mepeBOAUTLCa 
Ansaps. Orabar. Il. 7 





98 H EB K&YRPHSH Db. 


Ha epponetickie ASHKH TEPMHHOMB «COBBMaTeIbHb», ye MpAMO Lo- 
BOPHTS © cpbireHix» MCTHIMCOMS «BIS PARAHCOBLIXD», O «<peryag- 
ponagiv AMD O1oameTa», 06% «ycTranoBleHin MH OTMBHB HatOrOBS», 
OOb «YTBEPAICHIH YOCYAAapPCTBeHAHIXh SaMOBh, TPakTaTOBb HW KOH- 
BeHlifi», © ,BLaTb mpaByzerii wu MOHONOZia» *). ManuctTph cta- 
HOBHAMCh UTB'STCTBEHHHIMA Depelb NaplaMeHTOM. 

Crapwi maxb yMepb 26-ro gexadpa v HOBHH BCTYNMI Ha MpecrTors. 
&@ ROpOHORatca 6-ro anBapa. MeqxIuCBR CHOBa OPHAAIcA cefiuaeh me 
3a paoory H PakruTeckH UpeBpaTHACA BR HACTOAMee yapequTesrbHoe Co- 
Opanie. Emy 2aBpadb Ha sTO 1paBo H HOBHIH «ycTaBb», Iy‘b, KARb MH 
BUASAH TOAbKO 4TO, UPH3HABadach He TOIbKO 8akOHOCOBSOLaTelbHaA, 
HO H SaKOHOJaTeIbHad (HapaBub cb WaxoMb) po1b Napiameata. Ho 
ene 6oxbe JaBaloO Ha STO DpaBo emy caMO NOJOReHie Bemek, xapakte- 
PHSvuBabMeeca UOJHHMb pasloKenieMb cTapok mpaBuTeibcTseHHok 
MalHHbI, & BMBCTB saMbaaTeIbHHMb pacuBbToMb HapolHoH camojba- 
TeabHocTu. Tlopcwzy Bb CcTpan'b obpas0BadHCh andowymaHdl, HAH 0- 
ATH ecKkie COW3H, HaNOMHHaBMie KAyOHI BpemMenS NepBok mpaunys- 
ckoH pespoawnin. Ipecca cybrasach morysel BHIpasHTeibuuneh oOme- 
CTBCHHarO MHBHIA H DOLyGaNa Takoe pacipoctpanesie, 4To, Hanp., 
Bb OJHOMD Terepan’ Tenepbh razerb HacuHTHBaeTca JO 70 (1). Mex- 
HICH, OMAPAACh HA COUYBCTBIC MACCh, UPHBHMadb XapakTepb BCe- 
MOTyMaro KOHBeHTa. Takb, XOTS «yCTaBL» MpexycMaTpHBaeTR yupe- 
menie ceHatTa, 10 CHXb NOpb He OHAO MPHCTYMAeHO Kb ero Oprauy 
saniv. Takb, XOTA mMaxtb uMberb 1paBo (BpeMeHHO) NpiocTaBaBAABaTh 
mpopefeHie 8akoHa pH NOMOMM veto H NpaBo pacnyckats coOpanie, 
9TH IpeporaTuBH BAACTH, KaKb YCJOBIeHO MexTy OObaMH CTOpOHaMH, 
He OYAYTh UpHAaraTbcaA KG DepBoMy Medaancy. HauionasbHoe cobpa- 
Hie yCObIO BHHYJHTb Y BIacTH OTCTABEY OelbriickHxXh TaMOmeH- 
HHXh 4HHOBHYKOB, HECTOKO HeCHABAAUMHIXD HaposoMs. Ono ycer'b20 
Take, HawwHad cb despaia 1907 r., joOaTbcaA YAaseHif Moryne- 
CTBCHHHXS MBCTHHIXD THP&HOBd BE pols reneparb-rydepHatopa Xopa- 
cana, Acada-ag-Jlopi9 ~). 

UtTo RacaeTcs 10 ero COOCTBEHHO 3aKOHOMaTeIbHOH WhaTeABHOCTH, To 
MCLRINCLYCUBID BHPAGCTATh Cb NOIAWRHAH OCHS BAKHNXS 3AKOHOB?. 
Takb, OHS BEIpadoTarb 3akOHB OOb OpraHHsalif HPOBHBMIaALHHX’ 1 
MYHHUMNAIbBHHXb COBBTOBS, KOTOPHe NOAYGaOTS MpaBa COOTBBTCTBY Ko- 
IlUXb PAHNyScKHXb yapexpenifi (conseils généraux, conseils d’arron- 
dissemente H T. X.),HO BpeMeHHO, Bb HacTOAMif Goenoil MOMeHTb, He 
NOJGHHEHE KOHTPOII MBCTHHXD lipescTaBuTedel WeaTpaibHok BIACTH, 
@, HaQOopoTh, HabsAWAawWTh 3a DellpaBuIbHLiMu AbicTBiaMa TyOepHaTO- 
posh. Tak, OHS YCTAHOBHAB CBOOOAY WeyaTH, OrpaHH4eHHYW 3alpe- 
MeHieMb OCKOpOAATh Waxa, MOACTpekaTb Kb HHSBepKeHIN KOHCTATY- 





ee ee ee 


*) Cm. Texcth Bb ,lloca. nepe. co6.*, Il, crp. 82—93. 
**) Cm. NOBOIBHO WO6OUNTHYW cTaTeliky ,.The Reform Movement jn 
Persia“ Bb HOMeps oTb 6-ro centaOpa 1907 1r. ,The Times. Weekly Editions. 











CTarhiii 1 MOAOROH UPAH'b. “99 


WiOHHArO CTPOA H—eTatb, HOCAMad «MBCTHHH KOOPHTb» —roBopaTh 
HeYBOQHUTeCIBHO O MNHTCKOH peaHriA H UpocdaBAATh Bb ynlepOb efi 
apyria peznrin. Meaxkanch papa6oTaab 3ak0HB O peopranasanin 
KimRlaro MAHACTePCTBA H&A HOBHXS Hayazaxs. Hagonenh, MeUKIHCS 
cperb 6e3b Jepuunta nepByf npaBHrAbAb OmzxeTbh wpanckoH MO- 
Hapxi, PHHaBCoBHA Tob KOTOpOH OykeTh HayHHATBCA CB Mepcu- 
cKaro HoBaro rola (xaypysa), 10 Hamiemy {—22 mapta 1908 r. 

IiMeqao oTa pedopMa BH3BaIa Nocabawee CTOAKHOBeHIe MeRLY 
CTOPOHHHKAMH KOHCTATYDIONHArO CTpPOA H SANlMTAMRAaMH CTaparo Me- 
PAAKa, CTO.AKHOBeHIe, MOAPOOHOCTH KOTOParO 2al0aHAAA CTOAONH Aa- 
WHXb HW 8arpaHu4BblXb Laser Bb NepBoli noA0BAHS JekaOpa H KOTO- 
poe MEI H300pa3HM'b, KOHeGHO, AHINb Bb TlaBHAbIXb YepTax'’b, 3HaKOMA 
“uHTaTedxe# TOIbKO Cb OODINMD CMHICIOMS ero. Horsa MeJRARCE oNpe- 
XbsuId WABAIDEWH ANCTS Waxa Bb 1 MHZIONSD pyOsze n 100.000 
NYAOBb Ha NOAJOBHHY UWeHHON H Ha NOAOBAHY AYMeHSA, PaBHO Kakb 
100.000 yJ0OBb COAOMH, A COOTBBICTBEHHO Cb 9THMB YMCHbIMAIE 
HOXOXH BCAEAXS IPHIBOPHHXB TyHesIDeBS, BHCIIAXS WH HHCIIAX', 
PpaBHO Kakb HasHaiHsAb Oorbe ckpoMHoOe coOxepxaHie MAHACTpaME, 
ry6epHaTopaMb H PasIHIHHMb arehTaMb BAacTH, Bb pAJaxb BCceli 
peakMioHHOH KAHEH, UaTabMelica JO CHXb DOPb«KHPHHMH ToOBAa- 
MH»,—Bb CTaThb Mb BUIBAA pasMBpH HXb,—pa3slsicd EPARS ymRaca 
H HeroxoBania. Bokpyrb maxa, soToppi H Camb ckopbe sBpamyedxo, 
ThMB [pymel06HO, OTHOCHTCH Kb HOBLIMD NOPALKaM, Jake koria 
OHH DpsMO He ObHTS ero NO KapMaHY, MOMCHTAIbHO oO0pas0Baracb 
CHIbHAA Tpy0la CTOPOHHHEOBS coup d’état. A cyrbsana Ona, rbi- 
CTBHTCAbHO, HOMBITKA HHSBEPFHYTb TOAbKO ITO HalaKkuBAaWMifica HoBLH 
TOPs AOKS. 

Iloxp Wpeqaoromh WYMHHXS MaTpioTuyeckHXb—UpoTass Typoiz— 
MAHHecTanif A YIBYHHXD CTOAKHOBeHIM Mey HADIOHAMCTAaMH (peRo- 
AwMioHepaMH) uw Depcwrzcroh yepHo coTHei Bb 1nmb NpPHIBOPAHXt 
KOHWXOBb, MOFOHMMKOBD, peakOiOHHHXb MYIIb H NOACTPeKAeMHXB 
HMH OTOPOCOBL HacelteHis, MWaXb MpelcTaBHIb MOARAWCY YABTH- 
MATYMB, KOTOPLIMB OB OTKASHIBaeTh CoOpani0 Bb IpaBb wasHayaTh 
MHHHCTpPOBL, TpeOyerb sakphiis BCBXD KIYOOBD H OOMeCTBD A T. X. Mes- 
HAACH, NOHHMAA, ITO AIO HET O NOAPHBB ero BIIAHIA BS CTpaHb. 
NOAMepKABAWMeH NapjlaMeHTh OPM MOMOMH SHIAYMCHOBD H T. 0. Op- 
TaHOBD MpOABAeHiA EKOAIEKTHBHOK BOM Haniv, OTBeEPrd NpesIoReBie u 
Ohh O6cTpbisHsb TrBapsehyaMn, HAaXOLAMMMUCA 110]> ROMABION aMUpa 
Boragypa, KOTOpHH Bb CBOW OFepelb BHINOIHAID peakoi0OHHH 11aHb 
rsaBuaro HHMMaTopa esToTo saroBopa, Caaya-ag-oBis. Jlndeparbani 
na6Hn HeTD, ChopMupoBauEHl 12-ro oxTaOpa Mpomsaro rorza Hv HM BiOMmis 
CBOHM® pembepoMb MHHACTpa Hacpa-a1b-Myabka, NpHAywleHS OID 
HOLaTb Bb oTctaBRy. [laxb Ipikasarb apecToBaTb Kakb MpeMbepa, 
TAK H ABYXb OpaTeeB Upeschlareaia DapAamMenTa u emle koli-KakaxD 
BHAAWMAXCA NOANTHYeCKHXS WbatersH. Ho pepo.wonionepH MOAHSAN 


CHIBHY! arnTanil, ABHHYIH Bilepelb MAaCCHE Ha 3AaN[HTY MeJMIHCA, 
7* 


100 A. EF KY XP HH *. 


ToTpe6ospaaw ocBoOoxseHia apeCTOBAaHHHXS 4 BOSBPaMleHiA Kb BAACTH 
yuleqmaro KaOwHeTa. 

Ilpumaa Bb cHaIbHOe 6pomenie 4 npoBuAnia, ocobesHO Tabpast & 
BooOme Bech Asep6ezmans. Caa6ocTs BOCHHOM Opranusaliv H COUYBCTBIE 
HHSINHXS IHHOBS HOBHMS NOPARKaM'h, IPH KOTOPHX'S, Kak’ HATBOTCH COI- 
faTH, HXb RAXAOBANbe He SyAeCTh NepeXBaTHBaTbcA 10 AOporb Hayasb- 
CTBOM'S, OHAH KAKb HeAbSA Goxbe Ha pyky Haponxy. Takt, ecam rBapyig 
IBAHY1ACb BE CTOAUIS MPOTHBS MCLRIACAa, TO Kasaubs Opuraya oTKAasa- 
xach CTpbiaTh nO Hapogy. Coup d'état ne ynasca. Hactyauax> MOMeHTS 
CTOAB olyAspHaro Bb Ilepcin «sctaxa», HAH EKOMITPOMHCCa, 8aKAN- 
“YHBINATO ABYXHEABALHYW Goph6y ABYXb cTOpOH. (cb 2-ro no 16 je- 
Ka6pa). Ilaxp sBosspaTrarb cBoOoxyY UpeMbepy, KOTOphH OI ka- 
BalepoMb aHrxiickaro opyeHa HH OsyIBIb DOMIepRKY CO CcTO- 
pOHN auriifickaro ynomHoMo¥eHHarO. Hacpb oib-MyabEb yaasHaca 
O(HaKO BB Hsepony. bHaAb BOSCTAHOBICHDS OTYACTH cTapwH AnO6epaab- 
HHA kaOHHeTb, HO ye cb Husamomt-ac-Castane BO raaBb, KOTOpHH 
C4YHTACTCH CKOPBE KOHCePBAaTOPOMS, WMS AKOepatOM, XOTAH, 10 yBB- 
peHi SHANMUXE AbIO JeMOKPATOBh-NepcoBs, SyeTL JepRaTLcA Bh 
OOMIEMB KOPpeKTHO, TAaKb KAaKb JOCTATOUHO YMEHT, ITOOH NOHATH, 
TO Ch M@IRKIHCOMS, ONHPANMMHMCH Ha Haporb, WyTKH naoxa. Ayma 
Ke AHTH-KOHCTATYHIOHBAarO saroBopa, Caayb-a0-0B19, NOAReHD OLAb 
oOpaTuTbes BO BpemeHHOe JO6poBoabHOe T3srHanie. HM maxb cHoBa,— 
yxe Ht BB NepBHi pasb,—MNokIgica Ha KOpant, 3TO OyzeTh BbpeHDS 
ROHCTHTYHIH. 

CMniclb sarbpapmarocd WepepopoTa, konewHo, sceHb. Kora ww 
oOpaTHMb BHAMaHie Ha TO OOcTOATeAbCTBO, ITO BB Ilepciv cyaTaetca, 
no Kpaineft mbpb, DoAMAIAIOHA JU, KHBYMAXD OK1AlaMH, NeHcisMH 
HM T. Il. BOCTOCOOIEHIAMH KAaSHH; KOra MBI MpHMOMHHUM', ITO Bb He- 
nocpexcTReHHof O1us0cTH OTS AROpoa Hu BEICHeH agMunAcTpaniv 
IOTHTCA WU KOPMHTCH, NO Kpahnei mbpb, 2.000 napasuTosb; gorga, Ha- 
KOHCI'b, Mb UpelcTaBuM’ ceOb ACHO pasMbphl WH HallpaxeHHocTs o6mrek 
GopbOnl HHTepecoBb, KOTOpad BOSHAKAeTS Ha MOYBB SKOROMHYeCKOH 
SKCHIyaTanin WH MOAWHTHYeCKarO THeTa MemAyY cTapoH uw MosoAoO# Lep- 
ciefi, Mexay MpoOyAHBIAMCca HapoxOMb H apxauyecko alMHHACTpa- 
Hiei, TO MHI Oe3b Tpyqa wuokmemb, TO OxnTBA MemAy peBosniei # 
peakniefi ganeko eme He KORYeHAa BB Mpautb. 

Mii cTapajucb, 10 MBpb CHIb A BOSMOMRHOCTH, OOBACHATE IHTAa- 
Telio MaTepialbHyl Hu AyxoBHyH cpezy Llepcia, obycaoBrnBasmyw 
BOSHHEHOBeHIe OCBOOONTeAbHarO ABHKeHIA Bb sTOH, KasaskOcb, Ha- 
BBEH 3acHyBieH cTpanb. Mat Bb OOMHXS YepTaxd oOpacuBaaN ep- 
Bhie Mard BerwkKoH upancko# pesosonivu. AH no wbpb Toro, kakb 
co6HTIA OYAYTh pa3BePTHBaTbca, MBI MOCTapaeMcd OT BPeMeHH FO 
BpeMCHH SHAKOMHTb HaMlHXb YHTaTeteH cb cyab6amMu MepcHAcKaro 
IBUKeCHIA, Bb KOTOPOMS BHpPamaeTca CMe AMM pasb kKoOT0CCaIbHHK 
IpPOWecch AeMOKpPaTHsaliH MOAHTHYCCKUXE yapempenifi, koTopnfi oxBa- 
THAB Telleph BCB CTpaHh Mipa. 


XPOHHKA BHY'IPEHAEH XKHSHE. 10] 


Bb wacTsocTH HaMb Mpaxetca OOpaTaTh BAHMaHie Ha HOBHIK Bee 
pbsye a pbsve o6osHayawmiifica dasHch upancKol pepoawnin, cbasuct, 
KOTOPHH XapakTepH3yeTcaA YCHICHIOMD YHCTO CBBICKATO H AOMOKPaTHYe- 
CKaro 9J6MCHTSa, TOTMa KAaKb BCe OOAbMad H OOMbMad YacTb Ayxo- 
BeCHCTBA H KpyuHad Oypmyasia yaxe OOHAPYRURANTE KOHCEPBATHBAHIA H 
Aame upamMo peagnionnha tTexjeania. Kt comarbain, naxoxamieca 
BE AaHHnit MOMCHTL Bb HAaMlWXb PykaX} JOKYMOHTH, CBBARTCIBCTBY- 
wWitie 06% sTOMb HHTepeCHOMS YCAOMHCHIA OCBOOOAUTeAbHAarO JBAReHIA 
BE l[epcia, cXHMEKOML ele OTPHBOUHK H HOMOJHH, 4YTOOH MBI Te- 
Hepb xe MOrAH Boe oONnpesbAeHHO CXBaTHTb Ha OCHOB@HiA HXb 
raaBabimia aweptw ostoi noxznTuHyeckoH osxBoronin. Ho yambnbimie 
MPAkTH, OOBHIJHMOMY, HO 3acTaBaTb ceOa AOATO RAATb... 


H. E. KyAapunn. 


re ar al 


XpoHuka BHYTPeHHeM IKV3HH. 


[. Jlaxsngangia sropot yuu.—Jlaksagania neppoh Jlymu. — JInkspanania 
cuytH.—lIl. Tarorbuie Kb TparHieCKHMD pasBaskam’.—-Jib10 o6b yOilicTBb 
reHepana IlonkopHHkoBa. Crporocts 6e3b mnanocTH.—IlL Ubaw wa x1b6n o 
3AKYUKH HHTeHAAaATCTBA.— XpadpocTh nod6baurereé.—lV. Topxectsyomifi no- 
Obauterb.—Bce moxHo.—Ilo nakXOHHOA UsockoctH.—TpeBORHIA HOTH. 


...¢HakOHeIrb, CBEPIIH10Ch Wbawie, HECINXAaHHOG Bb - IBTONHCEXS 
uctopiv. Cyge6a0 BlacTb OHIb packpHITb 3aroBopb Ubaso actu 
TocyxapcrsenHo Jymul UpoTuBhb YrocysapcTBa HH WapckoH BxAacTH. 
Korgja ®e mpaBuTerscTBo moTpedoBpato BpeMeHHarO, JO OOH UAHA 
Cyfa, YCTpanenia OOBHAACMHXS BB MpecTylseHid TOM 55 WeHOBb 
JlyMnl 4 sasamuenia HanOorbe yIWWaeMHXb A3b HUXb NOX crpaxy, 
vo Tocynzapcrsennaa j/lyMa He HCIIOIHHIa HeMe@JICHHO 3aKOHHAarO Tpe- 
Gopania BracTeH, He JOMYCKaBWUaroO HHKAKOTO OTAarareAbCTBa»... 

Taos Oinmafimifi noBpoxy> kb pocnycky Bropoh Jymn. hans 
M3BBCTHO, (PHAMYECKAA OCHOBATeIbHOCTS OOBHHEHIA 9D YIeCHOBD CO- 
giaib-NeMOKpaTHYecKOH paknin «Bb BOCHHOMB 3aroBoph» ocilapa-: 
Baszacb. JoKasaTerbHoe sHayenie YANKS, COOpanHLIxh cyJeOHbIMb cxb- 
AopaTeseMb YT. daimeBLIMb H Npokypopoms r. KawbimMadckHMh, WwWpH- 
crams Bropoh JyMH upescTaBis10Cb BeCbMa COMHHTCIBHEIM'. /[yMcKas 
KOMMHCCiA, H& pascMOTpbHie KOTOpOH NOCTYUHAH 98TH «yAMKH», He 
HalwAa LOCTATOIHO (OPMAIbHHIXS OCHOBAHIF, TOOK «HeMeAIeHHO UCHOI- 
HHTb Tpe6oBaHie Biacteft»>. MH Bompocb 0 TOM, OOOCHOBAHO AM OGHIIO 
roparAIeckH OOBuHeHIe, NOcayRuBMee O1MKaKWAMS WOBOAOMS KB Poce 
mycKky BropoH Jymul, win He O6OcHORaHO, OCcTaBatca OTKpHTHM'S. Io 
CYMeCTBY OHb H JO CHXb NOpb ocraeTca OTEPHTHMD. Ho cobsopeHh 


102 A. NIETPHILEB'D. 


(OPMaJbHOCTH, TOON CYHTATh 9TOTh CHOpPb AXKBHAAPOBAHALIM’b. 
12 xexadpa 1907 r. <o6baBIeHb Bb OKOHYATeAbHOH opmb» mpa- 
ropopbh 0 «abay coniars-femokpaTuyeckoH dpaknin sropo# To- 
cyqapcTBeHHow Jy»: oco6oe MpHcyTcTBie MpaBATeABCTBYOMaro ce- 
Hata UPH3HadO «saroBOpb UpOTHBD TocysapcTBa A WapcKo B.iacTH» 
AOKA8aHHHIMB H MIPHTOBOpHIO 26 JHNb Kb KAaTOPRAHMS paboTaM', 
12 kB ccHIKB Ha nocezeHie. papga, 17 aenyraToBb, noszemallax. 
cyay Toro xe ocoOaro upucytTcTBis, He pashickannl. WM <ybx0 0 saro- 
BOpB> OTHOCHTEIBHO BAXD «BbIbICHO Bb OCObCe MpoHsBOACTBO». Ho 
eTO ON NYCTAHKH: KakOBO Ob! HH OHAO pbmenie 0 17 HepashCKaHHH X'S, 
HAaIHYHOCTL «8aroBopa» yxe pu3snana. Jlycraku 6b Hu HABEOTOpOe 
IpoTupopbiie MexLyY THM, ITO OHIO OOhABIeHO 3 iH Hw UpaBH- 
TCIbCTBCHHHIME COOOMeHiomME 2 ZekaOpa oO cysb. 3 iMHA TOBOPHAOCh, 
YTO «8arOBOPh packpHTb cyzeOHoW BlacTbio». Ilo c10BaMb He mpa- 
BATCIBCTBEHHATO coobmeHia 2 zekabps, «packpHTie s8aroBopa» co- 
BepmeHO areHTaMH OXpaHHaro oTybaenia. Ho pasb oco6oe npacyt- 
cTBie CeHaTa, Kab YTHEPKIAWTS ABTOPH LUpaBHTeIbCTHeEHHAarO coo6- 
MeHis, BLIHECIO UPHTOBOPb «NO TWaTeIbHOM H BCECTOPOHAeMD pas- 
CMOTpPBbHiA BCBXD OOCTOATEALCTBD 51a», TO 4TO Ke <CTAB8ATDCA 0 
cuoBecu». Kro Ob HA packphlIb, a PakTb ocTaeTcsa harrow’ co- 
Hial'b-eMOKpaTH «3arOBOpb UpPOTHHBS TOCyAapcTBa» YcTpouAA. 

Ho «00 TMaTeIbHOMb HW BCECTOPOHHEMS pa3scMOTPBAIH BCBXb 06- 
CTOATCILCTBS WHIa»... MPABHTeAbCTBO Bb CBOCMS COOOMIEHIN BHIaI0 
aTY JecTHy!O aTTecTanito oco6oMy upucyTcTBi ceHaTa. OgHagko, Ha 
YeMB OHA OCHOBaHAa, He MsBBCTHO. O xapakrepb cyfeOHaro c7rb1- 
CTBiA H8B TOTO Ke MpaBUTeIbCTBeHHAaTO CoOoOmMeHiA UB8BBCTHO TOIbKO, 
aro 22 Hos6ps, exBa oco6ce UpucyTcTBie OTKPHAO CBOH sacblanisz, 
BCB NOJCYAUMBIG HM BCB B8aNlUTHHEM COW HEBOSMOMALIMD OCTABAThCA 
BB 8aNb cyqa wu yuan. Wovwemy sto cryqui0ch, — 1paBuTexbCTBeAHOe 
coo6mesie yMazuuBaeTb. Cb 23 HOSOpPA COUIM BOSMORHLIMD Ja ceOn 
IpHCYTCTBOBaTb Ha CyAB TOKO ceMepo. OcTaAbHHe me NOMCYAMMbIE, 
XOTA H «<ONOBSMAIMCh Yepesb UpwcTaBoBt (0 xoA’b Mponecca H BOS- 
MOKHOCTH JA Kak{arO 48> HHXD BePHYTSCA Bb 8aIb sacblania) BO 
BCR AHH SacbaaHi panbe uxb OTEPHTIA Hw Oc’ jJOMpoca cBuybre- 
ze», HO «BePHYTbCA He Homeraau». TIpHInHAH TakKe YMAaAIHBANTCA. 
YMalauBaeTca Jame, ETO HMCHHO H8B 49 NOICYIHMHIXS CIeCIb BOB- 
MOMHHIMD UPHCYTCTBOBATh; UPHHalekaTh JH ceMepo, NoxelaBuuxS 
«BCPHYTHCA», Kb YWCIY OUpaBlaHHbIXb HIH Kb ICAY OOBHHEHAH XE? 
HecoMHBHHO AHIUb, ITO CYb OWI He TOALKO TaHnh (pH sakpEy - 
THX JBepAXxh), HO Hw sacuHHh. HM novwemy aBTopH paBuTeIbcTBe B.- 
Haro cooOmeHIA UPHILIA KB BHBOAY, ITO ocobce UpucyTcTBie ceHara, 
TbMb He MeH'be, <TWAaTeAbHO H BCECTOPOHHE pascMOTpbsao BC OOCTOR- 
TOILCTBA J51a»,—MBI HE 3HAeM'D. 

OctlapuBath sTy aTTecTaliW; BA@HAYH cyly, HesaqdbMs. Ja 4 Kap. 
OCNapHBaTb BHIBON'b, HEHBBRCTHO HA FEMS OCHOBAHHHH? OcTaeTca IH OS 
IP¥HATS KD CBBIbHI cami akTb, ITO Takyl atrectalin Cuy- 





‘ 


XPOHHKA BHYTPESHER KY3AH. 103 


TaeTCA HYRAWMD BEIABATb. HO, CKOIbKO NOMHHTCH, AO CHXb NOph 
Bb IUPaBHTeIbCTROHBHXE coodmenisx's MpeANoOsaratoch HeCOMB'BE- 
HEIMb, ITO BCARIH poccifickiff cy1s, a ThMb Maye CYA, BhicwWel HCTaHHiB 
NOCTAHOBIACTS MPHTOBOPH He HHAGe, KAKb «0 TUATCIbHUMD HU BCe- 
CTOPOHHeMS pascMOTpbHin BcbxD OOcTOATeILCTBL». OYTO pasyMBIAOCH 
camo co6ow. Hukakoro xpyroro MOpaaka Bb «O1arvycTpoeHHOMb fo- 
cynapcTBb», Bbib, XH He AoNycKaetcs. HM cneuianbuna yBbpenia mpa- 
BHTe€ALCTBA 110 MOBOAY Wpuropopa cevata: «ce cyb, a He UCHOI- 
HHTeCIb UpequayepTanii>, BoBCe He 3BYYaTb YBaRKeHICNS «BACT 
HCOOIHHTeIbHON KB BIacTA cyze6HOK». A saTbMb, pasb aBTophl mpa- 
BATCABCTBEHHATO COOOMeHIA MPAaBOMOYHH! OOLABIATL, ITO Bb JAaHHOMS 
cayaab oco6oe mpucytcrBie «TMaTeIbHO H BCeCTOPOHHe pascMOTphso 
BCB OOCTOATCILCTBA», TO, OYEBHAHO, OHH IIpaBOMOUHH! OOBABIATD Ki 
o6patHoe. Muaye ropops, UpaBnteabeTBo cooOmuIO oO cyzb Has Co- 
Hialb-jemokpaTuyeckoH parnieli Bropoh JymMnH Bb TaKHXb Bhipake- 
Hisxh, kaki yMbCTHH JHDIb Bb TOMB cayuab, ecaw ocoboe mpHcyt- 
cTBie CeHaTa @CTb OpraH’b, NOAIHHeHHHIH coBbTY MHHHCTpOBS. JMKBU- 
AHPYA COOPH O OrnmalmeMh MoBOAB KB pocnycsy Bropo# JyMn, MH 
Kakb-TO HesaMBTHO DOAOMAK Eb OPPALDIAIBHOMY OOBABIEHIW O JH- 
KBAJalia OHIHXh HAWS OTHOCHTeEABHO «He3zaBHcuMaro cyza>. Hlua0, 
aBHO ye TOPyaBliee W3b MBOIKA, BAPYTS OdPuniaibwoO BHICYHYTO 
Hapyaxy. VW, NoBHABMOMY, COBeEpMIHAH 9TO AaBTOPH MpaBHuTeIbCTBeH- 
Haro cooOmeHia He CTOIBKO Cb sapaHbe OO,yMaHHHIMb HaMbpeviems, 
CKOABKO 10 HeEOCTOPORHOCTH. 

Bo scsaKomMs cryyab cooOmensie Mo1yywt0 JOBOIbHO HeOmH AHHH 
MH kpaiine JeMOHCTpaTHBHHH CMHICIB: 

— CoBbrh MHHHCTPOBD OWI He_OBOIeHS Jlymow. O_nHD oprant, 
NOAWHHeHHHH eMy,—elapTaMeHTh NOAKMIH—«packphlIb> MOBOAd Kb 
pocnycsy. pyro, rarxe no, HeHHHH,—oco6oe NpHcyTcTBie ceHaTa— 
SABeCPMHIb ABIOMPOHSBOICTBO. 

Toro we 12 yexaOps, Korga OLD OOLABICHS Bb OKOHYATCABHOK 
(pOpMB UpHroBoph «s8aBepMaiomaro oprana» couialb-jemMOkpaTamM’ BTO- 
pot Jymn, Hayaica mpomeccs 169 genyTatoss nepBok Jymu. O Hem 
UAOH HaceleHia, OOMIHO HasHBaeMHe «oOmecTBOMb», OAH AyWMe OCBB- 
HOMIeHH. Be WeHsYPHOMS OTHOMeHIAH ‘OHD JOcTynHbe. OOmecTBeHHoe 
noxomenie «169 o6BaHseMHXDS 00 (bay O BHOOPrCcKOM BO3sBaHin» HE 

, ITO OOmecTBeHHOe NOJOmeHie «49 OOBHHACMHIXD 10 WBAY 0 38a- 
B. opbo. «Cyrb Harb BTOpow Jlymoio» conpoBomsaica sadacTOBEOn, 
HO BievaTafHie, MpoHsBexeHAOe HM HA MACCH, N0Ka He TOMMaercs 
yuery. «Cylb Hal neppow Aymon» o3sHaMeHOBalca 10 IpeHMyMecTByY 
TAaSeTHHIMb UTYMOMB, HO K0e-Kakie cAbAR ero yRO BaperncTpApoOBakHl. 

«Bu6oprcsif mpomecch>» MOrb OITh HHTepeceHb PasHBIMH CTOpPO- 
Hama. Ha ero n0¥Bb MOPb NOPHATLCA CTapHi choph 0 «BHOOprcKOMb 
BOSSBaHid», KaKb TARTHYeECKOM'’S cpeAcTBb. Ho o6ctanoBka oco6baro 
IIpHCyTcTBia merepOyprckoh cyxeOHoh MadaTH BCero MeHBINe pacio- 
Jaraia Kb CHopaM® Ha oTy Temy. Moraa 6uTb, nomaryH, HHTepecHa 


104 A. NETPHINEB'b. 


4YHCTO HpPHAKGecKad cropoHa wbaa. Ho Bcabase 8a UpaBATeAbCTBeH- 
HHMS cooOmeniem> 0 cyrb «Haxb BTOpOH Jymoff», odduniaxbHo Dos- 
WepEHYBIIEME Nososenie Bemefl, H 6e8b TOTO OFEBHAHOS, Eb WPHAH- 
MCCEHMb CIOPaMb BDPSAN‘-AH MOTO Y kOro-1H60 xAeHaTh cepmle. 
OcTaBaica IpocTo CYXb OMHOFO H3b OpraHOBb UpaBeTexAbCTBeHHOH 
BAaCTH Hagxb Depsok Jymo#. Ho ecau obb Hw ObYh HHTepeceHb, TO 
pasBb kakb mocabawit cyxb. [lepsurii, no cxopamp J. 3. Caonumcraro 
(«<BBcTHHES Exponnt», anBapb 1907 r.), Dponcxognat panne BecHOW 
1906 r., 8a09HO, 20 NOABAeHiA MOACyAuMOH BD LlerepOyprsB. Torga 6n1A0 
pbmeno, Kakb ropopxTb r. Caonamcrkif#t, pacnycTaTs Jlymy, ecaH ona 
BHCKAKCTCA 88 IIPHHYAHTeIbHOe OTIyRAeHie NOMBILMIBHXE 3eMeIb. 
OTOTS UpATOBOpd OHS Mpessoxens Tr. TopempKunnMs. UW xp r. [o- 
PeMHEHHY me Mepelt caMHMS OTEPHTiemMb Nepsoh Jlymy nepenian 
OpasqH uperchgaTeiaA cOBbTa MAAHCTPOBB. 3aTbM>, eBa Ona CoOpa- 
ach, Hab HeW cocTosica BTOpo# saodHHi cyzb. A uparosops Onur 
OObABICHE Bb OKROHYATeAbHOH opm’b C. A. Mypommeny, kag condi- 
tio sine qua non: 

<Bs jeHb oTEpHTia JymH,—sauBurs r. Mypommess Ha cy7b—27 
alpbia, riaBa MHAHCTepcTBa Oec'bloBalb co MHOH O TOMS, ITO Bb 
Ilerep6yprb we DpABHeIM padoTaTh ABTOMB BH 4TO BCA HYKAAWTCA 
Bb OTANXB, HYRHO Nockopbe pasbbamarTeca 10 JoMaMb u Jlyma cyb- 
XaeTh XOpOM0, ecaH orpanHunTca 10—11 sacbyaniamu BB Mab u 
OTIORHTh RCH CepbesHylo padoTy AO ocenH ‘). 

«He TOJKEO 10 COBOKYMHOCTH BHHeCCCHHHIXh H8b IMTHHXS CHO- 
meniff BnewaTIbeif, HO H H3% UpsAMOTO CMHCJa crblaHHhxb (rxaBow 
MHHECTepcTBa) 3asBlenifi OHX0 ACHO, 4TO MHHHCTepcTBO TATOTATCA 
yapemjediemt JlyMb, Kak NOCTOPOHHHMD PHBBCKOMB Kb UpaBu- 
TCIDCTBOHHOMY M@X@HH3MY, 4TO Whaa JyMbl OHO NpoTHBONOsaraers 
<CBOHMb» I'b1aMB... OHO (MHHACTEPCTBO) Cb NepBHIXD Ke AHeH cynie- 
CTBOBaHia JyMH BHpakaio r. MypommeBy nocTosHHoe medauie, IroOm 
AyMa pasomiacb mockopbe, mo kpafinefi mbpb ana rbraifi oTqHx... 
BHO fake cxbiaHo 3aMaHIHBoe Mpesoxenie --- cOxpaHHuTb 3a Jelly- 
TaTaMH CYTOGHOe AOBOABCTBie Ha BCe BpeMA .ABTHATO MepepHiBa 3a- 
HaTifi» 7). 

Tleppas JlyMa He noJqHHHAaCh 9TOMY UpuroBpopy. UV Bb Haka3agie 
Oba MOABeprHyTa cBoeoOpasHoMy OofKoTY: 

— «Mal (genytaTH)—xazopa:ca Ha cyrb YW. UW. IerpyHkesag 
Hlalw OTL MpaBATeIbCTBA SaKOHONPOeKTOBD, HO... NPHWIH Bb ycroe 
mbcto. [[pasuTeipcTrso oTcTpaHHioch OTb TocyzapcrsenHo# JlymwW 
MpewocTaBa.jo eH S8aHHMaTbCS, 4WBM'B YIOMHO, COYHAATS 38aKOHH, Bb 
oOcymeHie KOTOPHXB MHMHUCTEPCTBO He Hetato BcTyoaTb... Mu mpH- 
HYHMCHH OH UpHObraTs Kb pasinqaro poda PuRKuiaMs, IToOH 38a- 
IOIHUTh BB TepBHi MBcaID Hale BpeMA>. 


1) «Hos. Bp.», 18, XII, 1907. 
2) «Pbup», 18, XII, 1907. 


XPOHHKA BHYTPEHHEH HSH. 105 


I’. Topemiikayb, ecaH BBpHTb TaseTaMt, HasBaxb elyTaToBh 
neppok Jymsl «BHCbAbHHKaMH». Ct Tot NOpH NpHTOBOPb MpaBaTeab- 
CTBCHHHIXD OpraHORb OAYIHI, TAKS CKA8aTb, MpaBO rpa*aHcrTBa. 
OTOTH UPHTOBOPh XOpOMO HAIWCTPHPyeTcA, MCKAY MPOWWMb, abeKAO- 
TOMS O OHBOIEMDS JenyTaTs oTh JoncKoH oOzacTH cBam. AeanacbeBs. 
Koryga ond O6paTHica kb NOLAeaMeMy HayaAbCTBY cb mpocbooki 
LHaTb CBAXBTeABCTBO O OAaroHayeHOCTH «Ha IipexMeTS NocTynAeHia 
Bb YHHBePCHTeTL», CFO COPOCHAL: 

— A KETO BHI? 

— 4Yxers neppoi Aymus... 

— Uro?! Yaens neprot ymn!.. Jia sau mBCTO BB Cu6upa, 3 
He BB yHuaBepcuTers!.. Bb Cu6upal.. 

SBaHie jelyTrata Nepparo NpHshBa dakTAyeckH ye OO0bABAeHO 
IpecTyNHwMb. OcTaBaloch JHIIb HeHCHHIM'b, YM’, COOCTBEBHO, OTAT- 
YHTb STY HOMY oOcoboe npucytcrBie Netep6yprckoH cyxe6Ho# NaszaTH? 
Ub KaKOW, COOCTBEHHO, NOAHTHYCCKON BALD CTABHTCA 8TOTb Tponeccs, 
H IIpH TOMS CTABHTCA NYOAH4HO, UP OTKPHTHXDE ABepax? Ilo 064- 
acHesiw «<Hosparo Bpemenu», mpomecch Jo1Kend OHI NOKAsaTh «N0I- 
HY MOAMTHYECKYIO HeBspBAOCTL WelyTaTOB. nepBo JlyMnI, He HCKAN- 
Yad H caMoro ef yyeHaro Opercbaaters» '). XapakrepHo, MesAY Mpo- 
GHMb, YTO OTOTS BHIBOIS «0 NOAHOH NOANTHYeCKOM HespbIOCTH» KaKb 
6H Upexzpbmaica opuniosnof a noxyopduniosso# neyatew. Bt 
«Hopomt Bpemenu» Onan fame ONnyOAMKOBAHH JO Hatala CYAa YRIOH- 
4YHBHe OTBBTH CeMEPHXb OOBHHACMHIXS HA AONpoch y cyxeOnaro cab- 
xopaTeis 7). («Iloqnucarb» BHOOprckoe BO3sBanie, «He IHTaA», «He 
OTAaBad ceOb oTaeTa», «HAXOJACh Bb COCTOAHIH CHAbHArO AyMeBHarO 
BOABeHIA», etc.). [loBHtuMOMY, OombMlad Halexya BOSTaratach HMeHHO 
H&2 STH HUCBOCBPeMeHHO ONYOAUKOBABAHA JadHHNa MpelBapHTeibwaro 
crbactsig. QaTh MOReTb, Upexloraraioch, 4TO, no Kpatnei mbps, 
WacTb OOBHHACMHXDL Bb COCTAaBIeHiH A pPacipocTpaneHin BHOoprcKaro 
BO38BaHiA CTAHeETE BH Ha CYA'B YBHIHBATh, ONpaBALIBaTbCa. HHTb MO- 
HOTb, MOPAIbHOe BieywaTIbHie OTb Takoro O6pasa AbacTBI sapaHbe 
YUHTHBar0ch. Hexapomsb «Hopoe Bpema», KOMMeATHPYA YRAOHIBBHIA 
HWOKasania HBEOTOPHXS OOBMHSCMHIX'S Ha UpelBapnTeibHOMD cuby- 
CTBIH, Ha3HBalo Cyb Hage 169 AelyTaTaMH «JHEBUAanieH CMYTHD>. 
He auxsegzanieh nepspo Jlymnt, & AMeHNO JNKBHAaieH «CMYTH», 
Bcero «peBOINWMiOHHaro Opomenia», BCerO «BAIAHiA» «TAHHHXb peBo- 
AWMOHeEpOBb» Ha «GescosHaTeabnCe cTago>» vOnIBaTereh. Haxemsza 
NpeyBeAHIeCHHO-KOMH4eCKad, Jake Bb TOMB cayyab, ecrH6H o6BH- 
HACMHC U30padH TAakTHRY 8allHpaTeabcTBa. Ho ecau OWIb pascierb 
Ha 9OTY TAKTHEY, To OHD He OlpaBsajca. 

Oco60e UpacytcTBie NasaTH OYYTHIOCh JHDO Kb ABDY CO CKONE- 
MeME OOBHHACMHXDb, OODCAHHEHHHIXS BUOIHS ONperbieHHHMS IYB- 


1) «<Hosoe Bpemsa», 12, XII, 1907. 
2) Cu. NO orb 12 qoKadps. 


106 A. ORTPHINEBS. 


CTBOME Kb UpaBuTeIbcTBy. A 9TO CKONAMe OkasaOCh He H380AHpPO0- 
BAaHHEIM’, HE OTYYKACHHHIMD OTS CTpabbl. Cb rocysapcTBeHAHNMH Ipe- 
CTYNHHEK&MH, Cb <BHCBIbHHEAMH», KOHMDb «MBCTO BE CHOUNDHY, Bb 
CaMOM® SaHin cyzeOHOH NalaTH ApyxkeckH OecbaoBalu weHI rocy- 
JapcTBeHHaro COBBTa; Kb HAM Cb MpPHBBTOMb OOPaTHAaCh ACT 
TpeTbeH Jlymn; OHH OkasadtHCb OOraTH COYYBCTBIeME IMMPOKHXD Cl0CBS 
HacezeHia. Ba Teyenie cemH AgeH mponmecca cyxy mpumgoch OnITh 
OeSNOMONIHEHIMS CaMOBHANeMh coOcTBeHHarO OTYyHAeHIA OTb Yer0-TO 
OOIBMOTO, 4TO OTPakKaloch, Kakb Y[OI0Ch CTpPabhl, KH Oe8MOABHO MH- 
PHTbCA Cb ABHBIMB OCYKICHIeEME TOTO Aba, KOTOPOe eMY MOpyyeHO 
TBOpHTb. Be saab cyzeOnaro sacbaavia cosqazach aTMociepa, yHH- 
SHTCIbHad, MOPAaJbHO HeBLIHOCHMad aa cya. MW ncuxosorm4ueckn 
BUOIHB OHATCHS TOTh BHIBOXb, KOTOpHH OHI opMyIApOBant 
BCABIS 8a Upoweccomb wexHomb Tocyszapcrsesuaro Cosbra r. Buk. 
VW. Kapnosaimt 8a ekaTepHHOCAaBCKOM YyOeCPHCKOMb SCMCKOM'b CO- 
Opaniu. T. Kapnosb mpesaomuaxb xonatalicrnopats 06% ycTaHo- 
BICHIH TARKHXb MpoweccyadbHuUxb MopMaibwoctel, KOTOpHA OH 
OW OCKOPOHTeIBHH H YHHSHTCIBHH JAA NOACYAMMELXD, Ja6bl Ha- 
celeHie HE CMOTPBIO «Ha FOCyAapcTBeHHHXb UpPeCTYNHHKOBD, KAKS Ha 
repoesb». Yto co6cTBeHHO Npexsaraerh r. Hapotost,—JaBatb 1H DOL- 
CYAUMEIMD NOMCIHN, HAH CTABATb HX} Ha KOUSHH,—NOKa HeH3BBCTHO. 
Ho sBos6ys#yjenie sBompoca 06% «<YHHSHTCAbHHXD MOpMAaIbHOCTAXDb» 
BCYBAb 88 BHOOPICKHM'b IPOWeccoOMb, MOBTOPAW, MCHXOAOTHYCCEH 
BNOJHB NOHATHO. OcTaeTCA JHIIb HeMOHATHHMS, pau Kako coo- 
CTBOHHO MOsuTHYeCKOH WbIH CTaBHACS oeTOTh Mponecch? Heysmeiu 
TOIDEO JIA «3akOHOMBpHOw» AuKBEAANIN HSOHPATeAbHHXd UpaBh, 166 
JelyTaTOBh DepBaro UpasHBa, UpHTOBOPeHHHXb Kb Tpexm'BCHIHOMY 
TIOPeCMHOMY SakINGeHIW? 

Ho «s3akOHOMbpHoe» AHMeHie usOupaTeABHHXb pas... He 6y- 
JeMb pbMarb, HacKOIbKO 9TO BaKHO JIA UpaBATeAbCTBa, €CIH OHO 
HabeTCH HA AOATOBPeMeHHOG CYMecTBOBaHie HB8OHpPaTeABHAaTO 3akOHA 
3 imua. WTo me RacaeTca BooOmMe Mbpb UpaBHTeAbCTBeHHALO BOSABH- 
CTBid-—H Bb YACTHOCTH, MakTHYeCKArO IMMeEHIA BBOKPATeABHHXS NpaBy, 
TO MH YRC UPHBHIKIH, ITOOH sTOTB pesyIbTaTh OCTHTaIcaA cpex- 
CTBAaMH AOM@IIHHMH 4H, BO BCHKOMB Clyyab, He CTOXb TPOMO3IKHMH, 
KakKb Dponecch 169 cb HHOCTpaHHHMH KOPpecuoHseHTaMH A NpOwHMA 
HeyOOCTBaMH. 

«PacnopameHiems ObsocToKcKaro TreHepalb-ryOepHatopa 38 pabo- 
UHXb 38 IpeABHOOpHYW arutanii0 (BO BpeMA BHIOOPOBh Bb TPeTbwO 
Aymy) BhicdIaHH BB Opex6yprcky ry6epHilo Ha BCe BpeMaA BOeHHATO 
NOLOMeHIA; OOABWIHHCTBO BHCIAHHHXS ceMeHHEIe; HOWbIO OHH OnLIH 
pasOyKeHH H, M3OHTHe CTpamHHRAMH, UpenpoBOeAeHh! Bb OBAVCTOR- 
CKYO THPbMY, OTEYAa OTHpaBIeHH Aarbe oTauoM» ‘). 

Bs Eaucapetrpayb, «no pacnopamenii xepconcraro ryOepHaropa, 


1) «PByb», 31, X, 1907. 





XPUHHKA BMYTPEBHER RUSHAH. 107 


pasoui# Cuzopenko, Onpwifi ymo1HOMOGeHAHHMS Ha BHOOpax BO BTO- 
pylo H TpeTbWH Jlymy, BhICHINaeTCa H3b NpebAoBS ryOepHin wa Bce 
BpeMA 4pesBHyahHoH oxpaHH» ‘). 

Bs Cmubrb, Kiencrof ry6., <o6nckaHht BHOOpMUERH OT padowaXh» 
(8% TpeTbw Jlymy) *). 

«Bs Ueprurosceo# ry6. ycuaHIncbh BHICHIRH, OcObeuHO Mporpec- 
CHBHHX BHOOPMAKOBD; BCB THPLMH Ty6epHin HepenolneHH MOAHTH- 
YECKEMH, OOABNIHHCTBO KOTOPHIX® KpeCThAHe» *), 

«Kaanesspia o6eph-mpokypopa cBaTbamaro cuHoda MpenpoBomusa 
yOuMCKOMy apxiepelo crblylwomee mpezzomenie: <3 nachMa r. yOuM- 
ckaro ry6epHaTopa 0 pesyAbTaTax’d BHIOOPOBE Bb YPUMCKOMS ryOeps- 
CEOMB cOOpaHin BB cemMB 1907 r. BHAHO, 4TO cBaMmeHHHKH K. a B., 
IpHHalsexamie kb XBBHIMD DapTiamh, Ha BHOopaxs Bb Tocyxap- 
CTBeHHYW Jlymy He TOADKO OTAAAH CBOH To10ca peBOAOMIOHepaM’, HO 
H aFrHTHpOBaid BM'BCTS Cb HHMH, Pe3yIbTAaTOMb Gero OblJa Mepexaya 
HOAOBHHH! ACHYTATCRHXD MBCTS HHOPOATAM’s. Ob B3AORCHHOME JO0I- 
TOME OCTaBIAN COOOMUTL BalleMy MpeoCBAMenCcTBY AAs CBB BAIA, 
HOKOpH BAe Mpocd BAaCh O NOCKBAYIOMeEMS He OCTABATL MCHA, YBBIO- 
mMaxeHiem» *), 

«J HpekTOpoMS eusaBeTHOIDcKOH raMHasin WOAyWeHO MpezAoaenie 
N35 yqeOnaro oxpyra BolTH cb xoJaTaficTBOMb 06% yBOIbHeHIH y4H- 
Teas Koasra, kakb sanloyzo3pbusaro Bb Noxayb rosoca 38a comiars- 
€MOKPaTOBb, BB KaqecTBh BHOOpoiuka 10 pycckoH Kypin» °). 

«Brsmifi qzeat Tocyxapctresnoli Jymnt orb sadalkaabckaro Ka- 
Ra4bAaTO BOficka Tackant 4 Oart0TupoBaBlifica Bb qenyTaTH 2-H yuu 
OUOBS, AIMHHACTPATHBHHIMS DOPAAKOM'h BHICLINaNTCH» °). 

Aenytatp GpaisiagToBt 9sTanHHMb OPAJKOMb BHICIaHb Usb 
Tomcka. 

«JlenytaTs Bropok yuu (orb TlogoapcKof# ry6.) Cemenost, aqMu- 
HHCTPaTHBHO COCIaBHAH BE Bosxorogckyh ry6., oOTRpaBleHh 0 Tally 
BB YT. H#kOAbCKD; Bb HABHAyeHiN BpayedHoH KOMMUCCiA, O KOTOpOH 
CeMeHOBb MpocHib cb mba ocTaTeca 10 6orbsaa Bb Boxorsb, emy 
@TKA3aHo» ”). 

«Bb m. Exarepuuonosb, Hiesck. ry6., Bb 70m’ OuBMaro YeHa 2-H 
TocygapcrsenHof Jlymw Boensaro noaunia mponspeta OOnCKS; HH- 
4erO IPOTHBOSAkKOHHAar0, &@ PABHO HW CaMOrO AenyTaTa, KOTOpHH, BMB- 
cTB Cb ApyrumM>d OnBMuMS JenyTatoms Cemenoms Heautaiizoms, CKpH- 
BaeTCa CB caMaro pocnycka 2-H jJlymn, opu obnIcKB He HafizeHo; ce- 
mefictBa Boenxaro 4 Hequtaiiga ye CBHKIHCh Cb YacTHMH OOHCKAaMH, 


i eee re ee 


1) «Phyb», 22, XJ, 1907. 

*) «Kies. Bbet.», 1, XI, 1907. 
3) «<Phap», 4, XI, 1907. 

*) «Pbabpe, 4, XII, 1907. 

5) «Phab», 31, X, 1907. 

6) «Kies. Bbctu», 26, XI, 1907, 
7) «<Pbap>, 30, XI, 1907. ~ 


108 A. T8TPHOLEBS. 


HO H& KeHY H cTapmyw 30495 Heyatrafixa Bob 9eTH NOCTOABHHA Tpe- 
BOFH TAKS NorbicTBoBatH, ITO O66 on’ Tenepbh CepbesHo 32001b1H> *). 

Al Gepy epsia nonasmiaca nogb pyky raseTHna cebrbuia. U 
MORHO OL DPHBOAUTD HX Oestb KOnTa. Moxno OW HANOMHATb He 
TOIDKO AXMHHACTPATHBHHA Kap 8a No_axy ro1oca Ha BHOopaxb & 
8& EpaMOJbHH oOpash rbacTBIA Apa HCHOABeHIA AenyTaTCKHXD 062- 
sanHocTeH. 166 y1eHoBE nepBof Jlymnt ocyxyeHn Kb TpéxmbcaAIHOMY 
THPCMHOMY SakIVeHIW 8a NOANHCh NOAb BHOOPrcKHM’S BOSSBaHieMS. 
A Jenytars Tok xe Jymn, penkesb, MpHTOBOpenHb Bb YMAHH Kb 
ABYXIOXHYHOMY Sak VeHIW Bb KpBIOCTL 8a «pacopocTpanedie> Opo- 
MOPH, aBTOPh KOTOpPOH ONnpaBlant neTepOyprcso# cyxze6Ho# nanarod, 
pH geMb Tr. PpewkeAb «pacnpocTpanarb» OpomwMpy pawbbole, HexeIW 
Ha Hee HAaJOKEHh apecTh WeTepOyprckuMb WeCHSYPHHMb KOMHTCTOM'. 

I. Makiakosb Bb cBOeH SaNlHTHTeABHOH pin, MexAyY MpoOwMs, 
NOCTABHIb BB YNOPb BOUPOCh: Ha KAKOM'S OCHOBAHIA ABAO O BHIOOpr- 
CEOMb BOSSBaHiH pasOupaeTcaA He Bb THX MpPOBHADiaIbHHXb cyKed- 
HHXb OKpyraxh, TB oOHapymeHo <pacipocrpanenie sToro B033Ba- 
Hin», a Bb Ilerep6yprb? «OcHoBania» Ha AIHO He ORasagocb. T. e. 
Wpokypatypa He salacaacb saOzaroppemMeHHo Oymaroi, KoTOpaa Ab- 
zaia OH MOpMaIbHO HeyssBaMOH JaHHyW DoAcysHOcTs. Jbx0, pasy- 
mbetcs, HE Bb dopMaxbHocTaxb. Bano, 4TO uMbsaCh DOAHAA BO8- 
MOMHOCTh pasOeuTb Wpoecch Ha PAI'b CPABHHTeIbHO MeCIKHXb HA He 
OYHb B8aMBTHHXD <IPOBUHDialbHWXb UpOwsBOACTBB». Cb kako xe 
cTaTH OBL10 COOHpaTh <KBOPyMb HepBok Jlymy» Bb Llerep6yprb, cos- 
AaBaTb He TOIbKO BCepoccifickoe, HO H MipoBoe Nosopume? Bb sTOMD 
He 65110 Hago6HOcTH, eCaHOH 3afaya CBOAHIaCh EB Mpocromy me- 
Jani OPOPMATh Bb NOpPAARB cyze6Hom’ MBpOUpisATia aJMMHACTPATHB- 
Hig. Kcaiad &@ cTaBHlach Ta MOIBTHYeCKad ITbab, 0 KOTOPOH roBO- 
puso «Hopoe Bpema», ofa He gocTurayTa. Iloayaguaocb aHcTO Me- 
XaHHGecKkOe SaBepMeHie pasb Havataro CAbACTBeHHALO MpOusBOACTRA, 
NONYTHO BHIACHMBINee CYAY, 4TO AOpora KB OOMeECTBEHHOMY codyB- 
CTBIIO AIH HOFO 3akpHITa, OOMleCTBY—4TO BAacTh Oorbe OMROKA, He- 
meIH BO BpeMeHa [lnepe. KapnoBHXxh HMBIB Kb CBOHMB YCAYTaMb U 
IInepe. Ho BB aepesceig BpeMeHaA KpecTbaHe He OOPamarHch Eb 
«TOCYAaPCTBCHHHIMS IPeCTYNHHEAMb» Cb IIPHBBTOMB: «BCB CO4YB- 
CTBYeMb» (3b IIPHBBTCTBEHHOH TeterpaMMH! Ha MMH Tr. Mypommesa), 
<I1eMb cepxeywnoe coacn6o» (3b TpHBBTCTBeHHOH TelerpaMMHE aa 
uma r. Hadokospa). A xapagtepHaa yepra,—noka JeMOHCTpHpOBazocn 
OMMHOYCTBO BAaCTH, es GOescHAie NOKApaTb COTYBCTBYNWDIUXS «rocy- 
JapCTBeEHHLIMS MpectyMHukaMb>, raseTHH WIyMb 10 cayyaw BHOOpr- 
Ckaro Ipomecca HaxosHIb RUBbAMIA OTEAHKb Bb WHTATCAbCKUXS 
cepllaxb. Hakb TOABRO BHACHHACA IPHTOBOPh, —HATepech Kb Mpoweccy 
cpasy ylad'b. 

ITO HE 3HAaYHTS, KOHCYHO, ITO Hakasanie, nocrurmee 166 jeny- 


1) «Pbyb>, 8, XII, 1907. 


oe 





XPOHHKA BHYTPEBKEA HSB. 109 


TAaTOBb, H3b KOTOPHX MHOFie€ DPOACTABIAWTS BHIANMYHCA Bb TOMS 
HAH HHOMb OTHOMOCHIA KYILTYPHYW CHAY,—WbsAO nycTakosoe. Ho kb 
HeMY HeBOSbHO NOAXOAumMb cB poccifickuma”a MacmTa6ama. Kro He- 
BOAbHO CONOCTABASCMb Cb WHAWMS PAAOMB APYTHXDS He-WYTOUHXE 
xXb1ib,—TO 8b Cepacronorb, rb nepext 10 xexa6pa 1907 r. 38a gpa 
Ha OHAO OOHCKAHO H apecToBaHO 122 qexoBbKa*), TO BB Tudanck, rb 
BTeyenie 3 He MpOH3SBOAHAOCh HSBATIG KPAaMOIbHHIXb «IpHCax- 
HHXD NOBBpeHHHNXb, JOKRTOPOBb, WCHOBS yUpaBH» *), TO BB Eanca- 
BETTPaIcKOM® Y., TXB Bh OHOMS TOABEO cerb CBATOTPORIKOM®S BTC- 
weHie OHOTO JHA apeCTOBaHO H IIpeNpoOBORIeHO Bb TOpsMy 27 Kpe- 
CTBAHD *), TO BB Oxecch, rab, 10 cBbrbaiam) MbCTHarv CTAaTHCTHYe- 
CKaro Opo, HacexeHie 8&8 TOJM CMYTH yMeHbmeHO Ha 100.000 yex0- 
BBRE ‘), HT. X., HT. 0. pH Trakaxt MacmiTa6axb «cys Halh Dep- 
BOH Jymof» NpHXO_HTCA pasCMATPHBATb, KAR JOBOABHO TakH MeI- 
Ky, XOTH, ONITh MOHeTb, H APKYH AeTaAb OOmef KapTHAL, kakb 
OAHHR HSB MHOFAXd oTAalOBh NOANTHEA, HalnpaBleaHoH Kb <IHEBHAA- 
i CMYTH». 

JIHRBHABpyeTcCaA «kpaMola», OOHAPYReCHHAA BO BPeMA TPeXxd uBOH- 
paTeAbHLIXh kaMManift H Bb CRASH Cb JBATEADHOCTHIO Tpexb lym. 

JIHKBHJapyeTcA KpaMOsla, OOHapPYRABMAACA BO BpeMA OKTAOPHCRHXS 
ane 1405 roza. Bb Jloncko# oOzacta paskickKnBaWTCa H HSbOMAWTCA 
YIACTHHRH MHTHATORS «Bb HH cBOOOIH». Bs Tloztasb wafveun if 
DIpewakbl CyAy xapbkoscKoh# cyfe6Hok ManaTH «Ha, yIacTBOBaBLUid 
BB TOANS, KOTOpad, CTOA BOBIB THOPbMH, TpedoBala ocBobomeHias 
apecToBanAuxh» °), Bb HKyrancb mpon3pezenbl MaccoBhe OOHICKH H 
apecTH JHIb, «Ha lpeqMeTh OOBHHeHIA Bb y4ucTiA Bb AeKaOPbCKAXd 
co6HTiaxt 1905 r.» °). Bs Jly6naxt «Bos6yxfeHo cyte6aoe apecab- 
koBaHie UpoTHBh bsaro pala OOmecTBEHHHXS AbaiTedeh, oOnunse- 
MHXb Bh Oprannsanin Bb oKTabph 1905 r. ch paspbhmuenis 
HOATABCKarO ry6epHaTopa RH. YpycoBa MHpHOH OOOPOHH; XOTH Cb 
paspbuienia ry6epHaTopa mogobnaro poga caMoobopoHhl CyMlecTBOBala 
BO MHOPNXD ropoxaxt Llorrascko ry6., HO HHH MHOrie H3b OOBH- 
HACMHIXS apecTOBaHH, W xosaTafictBa HXb OOB ocBOOomMeHIH OAs 
BalOrb UTKIOHAWTCH» 7). IlpeaHH cyzy 24 oduuepa Riesckaro rap- 
HH80H@ 3a HalleyaTanie BB HOSOpsB 1905 r. DHcbMa Bb pesakiib La- 
seth «Kiescrie Orsaukn» °). Kro-To BCHOMHHIb, TO C. B. AHH- 
KHH'D, Wpesxle BM} cTaTb JenyTaToMb J\yMb, «Bel aruTanil cpesA 
KPeCTLAHDb»,—Nepelb BuGOpaMA H Bb OKTAOpb 1905 ©, H Ha STOMB. 

. 


1) Tenerpamua ,Pbun*, 10. XII. 
2) Tenerpamma ,Pban‘, 7. XII. 
*) Tenerpamma ban“, 19, XII. 
4) .Kiescxia Bbctu*, 14. XI, 

3) , Kies. B.*, 13, XII. 1907. 

6) Pbpb‘, 6. XI. 1907. 

7) ,Pycp*. 9. XII. 1907. 

8) ,Pbab*, 1. XII. 1907. 


110 A. IWETPADLEB. 


oCHOBaHia wu ARAKHAD, 10 cloBaMB «PycHy, «NpHBAeIeHh CaparTos- 
CRUMH CYACOHBIMH BAACTAMN H OCBOHOBLeHS MON Banors Bh 1000 p.» *). 
KOMY-TO BCNOMHHI0Cb, YTO KROMAHINPS 38-ro callepHaro Oatasioga nos- 
KOBHAKS Jlooponorpckié 9 imaa 1906 1©., korga HAmHIe TAH BHIDpa- 
3H1M CKOMOMB NpoTecTh MPOTHBS MAM, «BMBCTO pacnopaxedis 0 
Ha3gayenin cTporaro pascrbOBakiA, OrpaHHiAAca HeyMBCTHEIMA Te- 
peroBOpaMH Cb MATeMHHEAMHY. LH yepesat 16 wbcanesp nocab storm 
COOHTIA KOMARLYOONA BokckaMH BHAeHCKaro BOeHHArO OKpyra TreHe- 
pais Kpmusuurifi ocoOhMb Mpuka30Mb M0 ORpyry OObABAAETS NOTKOB- 
HHEY Jo6poBoIbCKOMY BHITOROp'... 7). 

JMRBUAMPYeCTCA KPAMOA Bb UPHTPAIHNXb MpaBuTeAbCTBEHHHIX) 
yapexieniaxt. Bb Buxb mpam'bpa, HauoMAW XOTH OBI HexaBHee YBOIb- 
HeHie 00 8-MY UYHKTY 3aBBANBawMaro KYCTapHHIN’S OTIS10Mb MAHH- 
ctrepcTBa seMielbaia HK. B. Hugosaesckaro. Tr. Huxosaesceifi xors 
HM «8HATORS KycTapHaro bla», HO OHA «Bano_o3pbaAb JenapTaMen- 
TOMB OJHUiH Bb CHOMeHiaxt cb KponoTRHHHM®S 4, KameTcs, ene 
Ch OJHUME peBsorwnionepoms» *). Bnpovemt, y r. Hugosaescraro 
OKAS8AIHCh KOTh CHOWMeHiA cb KpouoTRuAbmMb. Ho 8a ITO AMKBAAUpO- 
BaHb 1 AHBAaPA CTOIb HCUOAHUTeABAWH cayra peakoin, Kakb Onpmill 
MHHACTPb Hapolgaro MmpocBbmeuia r. Kayman, storo we cmora0 OO8- 
ACHRTb axe «Hopoe Bpema», Befxiee KaMmaniW MporuBs r. Hayd- 
MaHa COBMBCTHO Cb COWBR0Mb PYCCKaro Hapora H DOMBCTABUIee Bb 3AaKAW- 
genie ciemialbBy cTaTbW r. MenbmuKosa, BB kOe dbagTaqeckifi Ma- 
Tepialb Ob, NO ClOBaMB «Phan», WOTePNHYTS 43b FOHOCA OnIBMAary 
momeyareda OpeH6yprckaro yue6naro oRpyra r. daionyoscKaro. Ha- 
CKOIbKO MOMHO ObII0 NOHATA, BHHA YT. KaydmMana cocTosia Bb TOM, 
4TO0 ORD Bb ABAB AMKBEAALIN OOHapyxuBaID OombMe NocAymanie, 
ahMb lpeqnpidM4HBOCTS. 

Kpamoia Bb CyB JHRBHAHPOBAHA elle «BO BpemMeHa Butre-lyp- 
HOBO». Telepb JHKBHalia UpHasta BBCKOIBEO HHO Xapaktep’b. Tak, 
BD Kiepb, Halp., roBapamy upokypopa Ipuroposayy-bapckomy npeg- 
OMeHO YBOIHTLCA OTS CAYROH «3a Doayy ocob6aro MaAbaia NO Mo- 
Boly w36pania BB denn TocygzapcrsenHok /lymn I[ponenko, cb yxa- 
3aHieMb Ha JONYMeHHLA BO BpeMA BHOOPOBS HellpaBusbHOcTA» *), 
CapaTOBCkKoMy Upokypopy Bopowosy cieniatbHo kKOMaHIMpOBaHAWii 
usp Ilerep6ypra YHHOBHHED MHHHCTepcTBa WcTauin Xpa6po-Bacu- 
NeBCKi «OCTaBHIb H& BHIb pakb Ahaniit, okasnBaBINUXb, TO 
IpOKypoph He CTOAbKO GOopeTca cb KpaMoJOli, CKOABKO Cb areHTaMa 
1paBuTerbcTBa». Memzy¢ipowums, r. Bopososy 66110 «ocTaBleHo Ha 
BHI'b, YO OH BOSOYAHIS AIO O CTpaRAHKAaXb, BesWHXb YOuTaro 
yeroBbEa Bb Cepso6ckb, apecToBadb oceTust, yOHBMINXb kKpecTsa- 





1) Kies. B.“, 13. XID. 

2) OTOT npukasd oT 10 Hoa6pa 1907 r., 3a M 370, ony6rnkoBaHS og- 
uniatbHo Bb ,Busenckomt BbcrHvakb*,—cm. ,Pbup*, 20. XI. 

3) ,bup. Bba.*, Ne 294, 

‘) ,Pbub*, 1. XI. 











XPOHHKA BHYTPEHHRH Ku3HH. 11] 


HHHa, TSMb JHUAIS NOMBMUKA OXPaHH, OCTAaICA HeAOBOIEAD pbile- 
Hiemb cyla 0 MorpomMmukaxp... Bb 3sangoyenie r. Xpa6po-Bacuses- 
ckif mpurposaib fr. BoponoBy nepeBolomMb Aa AOAKHOCTh TOBapHMa 
Mpokypopa, HW TOAbKO Nocxb AAWBANXD pasbacneHi NocrbAOBala MH- 
NocTHBaaA pesolwnia O NepeBoryb 435 CapaToBa Ha TY Re JOMKHOCTS 
Bb Payom...» *). 

JIMKBHAUpyeTCA KpaMola BH mKOTB... JAKBALAPYMTCA BOSAAKUTIe 
6L110 H& 8af0HHOMS OCHOBaHIA UpodeccionarbHbe cowsh. JIMEBEIH- 
PHOTCA KYIBTYPHO-NpOCBSTuTeABALIA YApemMeHiAx, OTH MeAKHXD Iy- 
OepHCRAXD OOmecTBE comblicrBia MusHyeCKOMY BOCTHTAaAHIN Abrefi 70 
TaKHXb KDPYUHHIXS, Kakb oickad Maruna. JlaksHqnpyetca Rpa- 
MOJ@ CTapad H KpaMOlJa HORaS, Tekymlaa. TiopbME mepemornesH. Ka- 
KYTCA NYCTAKOMB Takia usBbcTis, ITO BL pagOMNICIBCEOH TicpHMs, 
pascunTaHAok Ha 100 yenoBbe, comepRutTca 312 3aKINeHHEIX? *), WIR 
4TO Bb CKBAPCKOH TwopbMb, pascunTaHHoH na 150 yeXOBbEb, CHARTS 
oxom0 300. Umenso noTomMy H KaxeTCH MYCTAKOMB, YTO 98TO CTAazO 
Yb CIHMEOMb OOHYALIMD ABIeHiemb. He xXBaTaeTb KaTOPRAHXD TH- 
pem'b. Ilo coo6meniw <loxoca Mocks» ast Pesers, <M BCTHEIA TOPbMAl 
NepemOsHeHH, TARb KAkKb MHOTO OCYMICHHHIXL HA KAaTOpry He OTUPAas- 
ZAWTCH M0 HashayeHi, H8%b-38a OTCYTCTBIA MBCTb Bb KATOPRAHXS 
TIOphMaxE» *). IIo coo6Omenin «Ycc. B.», «Bb Huroascrs-Yccypili- 
ckifi BOSBpameHoO OOpaTHO 34 kaTOpRAHEA, TAKS TAKS BB HepynacKos 
KarToprs, tyja O8n OHI OTOPaBAeHH, MbCTh He OKasanoch» *). Bo 
BHAY TakoH kpaiinocTu, «MHHHCTePCTBOMb BHYTPCHHHXD W'bIb BHECeHO 
peasoxenie Bb COBbTS MHHHCTPOBt O BOSOGHOBIeHIA KaToprA Ha Ca- 
XaaHH'b» >), AJMHHHCTpPaTHBAaA CCHIAKA JOCTHTAA TakAxb pasMBpows, 
4TO ABHIOCh cBoeodpasHoe saTpy{HeHie,—kKyza ccnaaTb? HU, memzy 
DpOWMb, H3OPaHO HOBOe MBCTU AAA oecesenif al MHHHCTpaTHBHO- 
CCHABHHX’S Iapcrsa Ilombckaro. Mbcro sto — duTomips a Boodme 
Boawuckaa ry6.*). Bb OMB TOIBKO Kopedb «emeHeA AHO 10 GeTBep- 
raMb UpPHOHBaeTS WapTia CCHAbEHIXD (435 Iapcrsa [loabckaro) Bb 
25—30 qex0Bbab». V Bb OFHOMD TOABKO KoBerb UXb «yRe HAKONA- 
AOCbh HBCKOABKO COTE YIOBSKD,—NOLOKeHIe HXb OTIAAHHOe, MHOrie 
GOYEBAILHO YMHPaWTS cb roseszy» ”). [lo rayxumb raseTHEMb cBbIb- 
HiaM, DOATBEPRIAeCMHIMS, BIPOIEMS, H3YCTHLIMH PasCKkasaMH, Cb Mpo- 
maaro 1907 r. Hayaloch OTNpaBbleHie aJMHHHCTpaTHBHO COCJaHHHIXS 
B® Apxanrembcey ry6epHiio wa Hosyio demain. 


ee ee —— - 


1) ,Pbap“, 15. XID. 1907. 
2) OK. B.“, 24. XI. 1907. 
3) ,Pbaib*, 11. Xf. 1907. 
4) ,Pbab*‘, 21. XII. 1907. 
5) Kies. M.*, 5. XII. 1907. 
6) Kien. B.“, 26. XI. 1907. 
7) Pbap*, 20- XI. 1907. 


112 A. IETPHUEBS. 


IT. 


OcBo6oxHTeAbHOe ABHReHIC AHKBUANPYHOTH. 1907 roxb 3aKOHIHACR 
BB CaMb pasrapb MpaBHTeIbCTBCHAHX’S MbpoupiatTii, HalpaBAeHAHXs 
Bb aTy CTOpoRy. [pegupintie 9TO CAHMIKOMD OOMMPHO,—T4a30Mb He OKH- 
Helb, CAOBaMH He pasckamxellb. Ho na HBEOTOPHX’S Han6orbe xXapm- 
TCPHHXb WpTaxh AHEBHJaNiOHHOH NOAHTHRA He AHDIHE OCTAHOBHTSCSE. 
Koe-kakid H8B STHXD FOPTh HeBOIbHO OpoOcaWTcaA Bb r1asa Lake Ips 
ObrasoMb epeynb akToss. fl BOTh YNOMAHYIb, Hanp., 0 cyaE6b 
6nBMaro Zenyrata oTb L[logzospckoH ry6epHiv#, a HHEB alMAHHCTpa- 
THBHO-CCHAbHaro CeMeHOBa: ORD 8adBHIb Bb Bonorgb 0 cBoek 60- 
aAb3HH,—ero HOMeEAICHHO OTIPaBHAH Bb HkOsBCES, T. e. NOMBEPraE, 
mpexgze Bcero, stay Bb 600 caumKOM BepCcTs, a 8aTBMD BOTBOPEHID 
Bb Takoe MbcTO, rb ABT HHRAKAXD WakCOBd Ha MpaBHAbHOe Thye- 
Hie. CkaxyTb, DOmaryH, ITO TyTh He 630 IpAMOrO KesaHia nocTa- 
BHTb 601bHOrO 4YeIOBBEA BB ycAOBiA, OOpekanmia ero Ha BBPOATHYD 
CMepTb, 4TO 9TO BHINIO HeYasHHO, DO HesocmoTpy. Ho Bors: Apyrofi 
cayya. 10 nexa6pa Tpoe noznTHueckuxs: Cayt, Brox Hw AdreRcbest, 
MhHTalnch yObRaTb u38b ceBacToNOAbcKOH THOphbMH. Ha azBopb OHH 
OHIH SaM'bueHH H OpocHauch OOpaTHO Bb cBOW Kamepy. Ho npexge, 
UBME HMB Yyaloch oOpatbca JO KaMepH, HX OkpYRH1a cTpaxa— 
ecTb uHTymeH u HaxAsHpatesa. A nponsomiz0, 00 caoBamMB «Pycu», 
cablywulee: 

— «Cjapatical—kpakHyA’b cTapmifi HagsHpaTeab CTramenEo. 

— Cyaemca!—sb OHH Yror0ch OTBbTHIH Baoxt, Cayb nH AxeK- 
cbeBb (coBepmeHHo Oes0pyKHle)». 

Tlocrb eTaxt Cl0Bb «O50 NpOHsBeseHO Tpu 3anna. Bxoxs y6uTs 
Ha Mbcrb. Caaqb yMepb yepest 15 MaHyTs. AreKCbeBS MOAYIHAD WBS 
paHhl H CilaccH TOIbKO TbM, ITO MpATBOPHICA MePTBHIMS... I1pua- 
OHBHit Bb TIOPbMY Bue-ry6epHatoph Macaapcnif-Kamypa nsba- 
BHAB cBoe OOsHOe O*oOpenie (Takomy) oOpasy abicTBi HayarbHAKa 
TWPbMEI> *), 

IlomaayH, CkaRYTb, 4TO HadaIbHHED TOPbMH HE OTAaHS DOXS 
cyib 3a yOilicTho, a no1yynAb OF0Openie, Takb Kakb yOuTHe UHTAa- 
auch yO6bxaTb. Ho Bots darts Ooabe o6maro sHayenis. Troppmyu 
nepenoinenH. Ilo raseTHhiMh CBBABAIAMS, Bb HBROTOPHXS TIOPhMaxd 
«HaOIOsawrb» alhemiHyeckia 3a00rbBania xorepod, abaro#, Tudom's. 
YxRe OHO oTO ycAOBie AOARAO COsfaBaTh Kpaline HepBHYH aTMOCdepy. 
Ms-3a Kajol nopoli MapTia sak VeHHHXt HeEH8OBRHO MO. BO3- 
HHKaTb HeYAOBOABCTBIA, IipepekaHis H MpOTeCTH: 8aY5Mb HOBLIXS Be- 
AYTb, Korda A 6e35 Toro ThCHO. HKakis xe MBP MpesqloxenH 010 


1, ,Pycr‘*, 30. XII, 1907 r. 


XPOHNKA BHYTP+tHHEA KHGHH. 113 


sToMy cayiaw? HawalbHukb rlaBHaro TiopemHaro yupapsenia r. Kyp- 
AOBb DHMeTh Bb OHOM'S U3 CBOUXS NOCABARBXD DMPKYAAPOBS: 

«Bp Buxzy Rpafige Hecuogoinaro HacTpoeHia TiopeMHaro HacexeHis 
BO MHOFHXS MBCTAXb 3akINYeHIA... NPHSHAI HEOTAOMHHMS YAYUMATS 
H YCHIHTb BOOpymeHie IHHOBS THpeMHOH cTpaxu» ‘). 

To xe Tarorbrie 5} BOsMOKHO Oorbe GOesnoBOpOTHHMS, KB BOS- 
MOHHO Gombe TAKKHME pe3yAbTAaTaMb CKBOSHTb H Bb APYTOMb WUpEy- 
Ispb TOpeMHaro BhAOMCTBA, 8alPeCTHBIMCMS OKASHIBATh 8AakKINYCHHAMS 
«IH4HYIO TOMOmIb>. Momao Ob AyMaTb, 4TO Bb 3THXD DEPKYIAPAXd 
OTPasHIHCh, TAABHHIMb OOPasoM’b, IJHMYHHA KayectBa r-Ha Kypsosa. 
Ho Bors akTs eme Gorbe o6maro sHaveHis,—Ha HEM’, BIpPOUeMS, 
Bb BHAY ero XapakTepHHXb OcobenHocTef#, HeOOxO,UMO OCTAaHOBATSCA 
nogzpoousbe. 

12 jexaOpa Hayal0Cch Bb KICBCKOMS BOCHHO-OKPYKHOMS CYA BTO- 
PHIHOCe caymManie «7b1a 06% yOilttcrBb renepasa TloxkoBHaKOBa». Bb 
<UPHIOMCHHHXE Kb WHA» MpPOKAaMaliaxb «AeTyYaro Goesoro oTpsna 
TapTiH COMA@AXCTOBD-peBOAMMIOHEPOBb» OOBACHACTCH, ITO TeHepas'b 
TloakoBHHROBS yOuTh 8a cBOH XbicTBia UpH OsaBseHin Oesnopan- 
KOBh BL YnTb u 3a «pascTphip coazaTa CBBckaro N04ka» (BO BpeMa 
Oynta 15 iwaa 1906 r.). OOBHHaeMHIXS CeMepo (BOCbMOH «<CKDBLICH 
H He pashickanb»). EqHHCTBeHHOM yARKOH MpPOTHBb BHXb ABAAWTCA 
DoKasania wbkeoero Kpacuunkaro. O6% sToMb HOCIbIBeMS, MeETY 
IpOwwMD, xapakTepHHa cBbUbaia COOOMMID NHCbMeHHO HawatbHuRS 
KpeMeH4yrckoH THPhMH, Tr. MuaAbKAMAHOBHY: 

— «§[ npocnat ero (tT. e. Kpacnungkaro) HabawsxaTh 3a DOsMTHYe- 
CKHMH apecTantaMmu... Korga 6n11b nocamenb Topuat, A pacnopaqwaca 
DOMBCTHTS ero Bb OHOH KamMepb cb HpacHunkaMb A Aard nocrbs- 
HeMy Ha@cTaBleHis#, KaKb JepmaTb ceOs»... Yepesb HBCKOIbKO Het 
«Kpacnuoriit saspuit Mub, uro yOilicrBo remepamb-maiopa (L[lozKos- 
HuKOBa) Bb [Jorraph copepmeno TopHabm. upa yyactin crblyomAXxp 
AuIVE» (Aarbe wyeTh Depewenb OOBHHACMEIXD H MakTHYeCKIA LAHHEIA, 
Aermia Bb OCHOBY OOBHHATeAbHAaTO akTa). 

Hao cka3aTb, ITO 20 «pascrblopanig», MpOHsBexeHHaro Hayadb- 
HAKOM TOpbMH, TopHHs Onlab MpOcTO OAHH usb MHOTHXD apecto- 
BaHHHXh Bb TOPANKB OXpaHHl, BUPeAb AO BHIACHEHIA NPHIAHD apecta. 
Y6iftun renepasza [lo1KOBHHKOBa OCTaBadHCbh TaKb He HO Pashickan- 
HHMH, Kak He pashickKaHH uM JO cuxb Hops. Ilo kaxoli mpH4iHH BD 
PYEAXb HAIAIbHHKA TIOPhMBI OKARaTACh CABACTBEHHAN BACT, a Ch 
Helo H CYryOasd BOSMORAOCTH, MERLY UPOWUM', CBOAATH CueTH Ch Kak- 
INIM B3b 8akIOHALXS,— Henspbecrno. Ho «mpeqzapuTerbHoe 103Ha- 
Hie», po“sBeqeHHoe fr. Muapkamanopnyesh, Nepemao kb CIhoBaTeAN. 
romy socabynemy Kpacnunuift nosropnab cBoe noKasanie: OL Mo0- 
Camke'b Bb OMBY KaMepy ch TopnaAniws, HONS MH COBTaACa Bb VOINCTBS 
H Ha3Ba.Jb CBOAXS coyqacTHHKOBb. WM pe pesya.tarb odpanenie 1:0 
1) Kies. B.*, 29. XII, 1907 r. 
Ausapp Oratar Il. 

/ 





114 A. NETPADIEBD. 


cMepTonocHoH «279 cr. XXII 5H. cB. BoeH. nOs0m.». [pu aeMmM'b, 110 
KakOH-TO HeNOCTHRHMOH arpb MpHpowH, «cBarbreap» Kpacauusili 
<Jocupt Jle#6ont, mbolanuHb ropoya [pagumcka», 10 CAOBaM’ OOBE- 
HHTeAbHAarO ARTA, OKABAICA <OTCTABHHMS [OXMOAKOBHHEOMS Ooarap- 
ckoH caymON Kopagesnorp». Jbx0 mocTycHs0 Ha BOeHHHIH cya. H 
Jame Ha BCCHHOMD CYA cTOIb cBOeOOpasHO OOocHOBaHHOCe OOBHHEHIe 
OHIO OTBEprHyTO. OAHAKO ONpaBxaTerbHHH WPHRTOBOPh OHA ONpOTe- 
CTOBaHb Mporypopoms. Iporecrs mpokypopa pA3sk#akb saclyRABan- 
IidMb yBaxeHin. MW cemepo Jngel, XOTA H ONPaBAAHHHX, HO BCe 
BpeMA CHIBBUUXb BB THPhMb, CHOBA MPHBOACHH Ha Cyy’b. CHoBa 
BOCHHOMY CYAY UPHMAOCh BHB3HBATh <«CBHIBTCAA OTCTABHOTO IIOMMMOa- 
ROBHHKA OoarapcEofi cayxOn Kosasesa». Coosa «Koparesh» oka3aaca 
He pa3bickaHHbMb. Ha sTOTbh pasb yasoch AWMIb coOpaTs Oomke oo- 
apoOntia a Gorbe Tounna cBbybuia 06% ero «anuHocTH». Cabybaia 
STH He AHMeCAH AATepeca: 

«locus Jlefidost Hpacnnusi#, wbianuab. MaszorpamMoranit. 15 
IbTh OTE pony, ybxarb 3a rpanany Bb Bosrapiw. Bs Boarapix upo- 
RHBAIb WON AMeHaMu: Asana Yepsecopa, Msasa Kosayesa, Mpana 
Kopssuna, Usaua Malizpakosa, Msana I'puropbesa, Upana Kosaszes- 
Ckaro. QOBHAAICA Bb PasHAXh MOMECAHHYCCTBAXDS H BHMOTATCIbCTBAX?h 
HM [BAKA OCYRICHD GoMrapCKAMb CYAOMb Kb SakIOUHIO BB KpB- 
NocTH: Ha 5 mMBcaTesh H Ha 3 rola». BHI COTPYAHHEOMS 0 Mo0dH- 
Weficko# yactu ups Flzese wa JlypHosBO H 8aHHMA@ICH CHICKOMS 119 I0- 
JHTHUCCKHMS WhlaMb. TACAHICAd Bb CHACKAXb JHITb, ClYKAMAXS 00 
BUCHHOMY BBAOMCTBY, H BB 1904 r. UpexcTaBraica OOArapCKOMY JHILI0- 
MATHYeCKOMY arenTy BB [lerepOypré Noxb UpesxACTOMD Ketania DepekTuA 
Bb KayecTBhb Ooirapckaro pesepBuaro OPuLepa Bb PYCCKYW apMiN, OT- 
npapisBoynoca BB Manuxypiwo. Bh anspapb 1905 r. waazt BB Ir. Bosa- 
Hecencrb, Xepconcko# ry6epHin, MO HMeHeMD BallacHaro 6ograp- 
cKaro KanuTana Msana Kosazescearo. Bb asrycrb 1906 r. Hab Kb 
Kpemen4yrb, HashiBadch MOAKOBHUKOMS 33 NBXOTHATO eCAeMKarO NOAKA 
KoBaleBCKHMb H HOCH COOTBATCTBYIOMYH BOeCHHYH opmy. ApecToBaE- 
HH Bb KpemeHuyrb 38 BHMOFaTeIBCTBO, Bb JOKAsaTeIbCTBO cBOeli 
CaMOJHUHOCTH pel bHBANb CBUAHTeIbCTBO Ha ABTOTANH Upobsyb no 
erb3Hol goporb uw sarbMt BHAAaHBHH 8 aprycta 1905 r. BE Byxapecrs 
TWaciOpTh Ha HMA 3allacHOrO NOAMOAKOBRARS, OoarapckoH apmin Hsana 
Kopanzescraro. WM xoTs cyqeOHWM> cIbsOBaTeIeMS OHAO YCTAHOBAEH, 
"TO HMeHYHMI ce6A NOAKOBHHKOMD eCleNkarO Oka ecTb enpeli Kpac- 
BHORIM, HO yCTaHOBIeHO Take, ITO KpacHHmRoMy OIO MOsBOTeHO 
Bb TIOPbM' HOCHTh BOCHHYIO (OPMY; Bb TIOPbM' we eo MepenMeHyv- 
Balu BB Kopaszena; H NON HMeHeMb No_MoAKOBHHKA Kopatepa OND 
6u1b 10 sanpapa J907 r. ocBo6omseHb U3b TIOPbMH, «BCABACTBIe 
He3jopoBba». Toca’ sroro WOAMOAKOBHEKDB GoarapcKo# apmin HKosa- 
CBD, KAK'b ANDO, 32B510MO HecymlecTByWMee, CKPHICa H He OOHapyReHb 
nogunie#, ve cMoTps Ha BCb OpHAATHA MbpH. UToO me KacaeTcA MBila- 
Rung Jocvhs Knaenynraro. tT 96% ero cayme6Hok mbaTexRBOCTH 





XPUHUKA BHYTPEHHEN cKHSHH. 115 


nocré 10 AHBapa "Oka Huvero HensBbcTHO. Ilo c1oBaMb cBarbreze fh, 
Y HerO—«THMHIHOe CEMHTHIECKOe THO», H TOBOPHTS OH N0-pyccKA 
Cb CHAbDHEIMb &@KkIeCHTOMb. Takb 4T0, MOBHAMMOMY, STOTH IpeacTaBu- 
Teaib choecoOpasHoli a Taxke10B!cHOH aBaHTWOph OxXpadHaro ormbienis 
ropasj0 Goabe UpHTosxeHb Ja HeceHia areatypHok cayx6nl 38a-rpaHu- 
nei, vbMt BB PocciH. 

Ha BOeHHOMD CYA5 OOHGHEIMS UOPAAROMD OnIb MpownTays O6Bu- 
HHTeCABHHI akTb, cocraBleHaH wa OCHOBaHian cBbAbAIH, AOCTaBIeH- 
HHXh <MO(U0IKOBHHKOMB KopaseBhiub». saTbms oOnYHHIMb NOpsl- 
KOM. Hayalca gonpoch cBurbresei. UW Bb camn pasrapb cysze6xaru 
CABACTBIA <MpPOKYpOph DOAYIAID OT raaBearo BOeHHAarO Mposeypopa 
TexerpaMMy 0 TOM, TO, MO MpeAwHcanil0 BOCHHAarO MHHHCTpa, KO 
BCBMD MOACYAMMBIMD OLKHO OHTS MpeA'bABIeCHO AONOIHHTEAbHOe 06- 
BuHeHie n0 102 uw 126 CTaTbamMb yrexoBBaro yaoOmeHia»... [pegnu- 
canie BOe@HHarO MHHUCTpa GAO HeMegaeHHO HcnOaHeRO. M Bcby nol- 
CYAHMBEIMD OMIb MOCTABAeHS HOBHIH BOpOCD: 

— I[pasHaete AM ceOa «BHHOBHUME Bb yqacTid Bb CoobmectTsBB, 
nocTaBHBllemb ceOb sagayefl HHCIpOBepmeHie cymMecTByHMaro cTpoA 
H yipemlenie AeMORpaTAyecKoH pecoyO61HkH MOCpexCTBOM Mocara- 
TCAbCTBA H& MH3Hb BHCHIUXD AOIKAOCTHHIXS AMID»... 

Halo OTJaTb CHPaBeAIHBOCTh BOCHHOMY MHHUCTPY, CBORME Upes- 
HCAaHieMb OH SHAYHTeCIBHO OO61eErWHIB oAOmeHie OOBAHHTeADHOH 
BiacTH. boabmoe s3arpyqeenie cosfaBadiH MpPHAOKeHHHA Kb IbAY 
npokiamanin. Wah aHuxb aBCTBYeTb, 4TO yOificTBO COBepmeHO «LeTY- 
4HMB OOCBHM OTPAAOMB WapTid comiarucToBb-peBosMNioHepoBd>. 
Mexiy ThMh OpanasiemHOcTh OGBHHSeCMHIXE Kb XeTyGeMy OoeBOMY 
OTPAAY HAIBMB He JOKazaHa; OOD STOMD He TOBOPHTCA Jake Bb 1au- 
HHXb, «COOpanHbXh I0J001KOBHHEOMB KHosatesniub». Jba0, co- 
o6pasH0, Tak CkasaTb, HCTOPHYeCKOMY XOAY CI'ACTBEHHHXt cOOH- 
Tif, pasGHRatoch Ha ABB YacTH, B3aHMHO upoTHBOpbiamia. Cuavarza 
CABICTBie, OCHOBAaHHOG Ha «JOKYMeHTb», <cKPBNACHHOMDh WeiwatbW 
MOAUHChH JeTyyaro OoeBoro oTpagza». Ho sTa wacTh OcTadach HeH3- 
BBCTHa HH HaudaIbHuRY TOPbMH fT. MuabkamMaHOBHIY, HA MOAMVAKOB- 
guky Kospageny. A, MOKeTA OMITb, OHH MpOcTO He BIOIHB NOHMMAIH 
ea 3Hauenic. JaTBMb «JO3HaHie> HAYAIbHHEA TIOPbMH Cb Wepeikemd 
AHITb, OTHOCHTCIbHO KOTOPWIXS CAIBICTBCHH&A BIACTb, BAMMO, 8aTpyl- 
HHAaCh NOCTAaBUTh OOBHHEHI€ BL NPHHAeRHOCTH Kb «AeTYIeMy 60c- 
BOMY oTpazy». Takums o6pa30Mb IeaTpaibHni yHETh Ja nepe- 
XOla Kb OOBHHEHINW JaHHHIXtb 1u0% Bb yoilictBb [loasoBHukOoBa mpo- 
CTO OTCYTCTBOBaIb. Bors TYTb-TO H IIPHIa Aa MOMOMb BIAaCTb MH- 
HHCTpa—blaTh Npexuucania cyzy. Ho, H DosyaWBS sTY NOMOML, 
JIPOKYpOPhb TMpH3Halb, 4TO efoO B3agaia <«<TpyAHa A HeOlarosapHa», 
TAKD KAKB BCe OOBHHeEHIe 3HReTCA HA «NoKa3zaniaxb Hopaaesa», a - 
«Kosaitest, gbacTBHTe.1bHO, MOMCHHHK'D, MpoBOKaTophb, XaAecTakoBh», 
«xyxe XxectarkoBa»,—«mpocto leiéa Kpacnunsifi». «Ho Bh HacTos- 
mee BoeMA, 10 MABHiIO NpoKypopa, upaBocvaiw MpPHXOAUTCA HATH 


ox 


116 A. METPHIIEB b. 


OMlymblO», H MOTOMY, pasb «<KopaleBh NOkAasaAb», NOACYARMHXD Halo 
ITpHIOBOPHTh Kb CMePTHOH KasHu... 

BoeHHble CYAbH BIOPHYHO IpH3shalH BCBXS CeMCPHXb MNOACYAL- 
MEIX HeMpPW4acTHHIMH KB yOiictsy IloxkoBsuKosa. Ho yersepo, co- 
rlacHO JONOXHHTCABHOMY OOBHHEHIO, NOcTaBIeHHOMY 10 TpeOoBaHilo 
MHHHCTpa, UPH3HaHE! BHHOBHEIMH «BB IpHHaldeMMOCTH KD SIpectyl- 
HOMy cooOmecTBY, NoctaBuBoiemy ce6b mbabnio AACHpoBepmenie cyule- 
CTBYOMaro OOmecTBeHHAarO CTpoa». A GTHOCHTCALHO TPOHX' OCTAILHHXS 
UPOKYPOph CHOBA ONPOTECTOBAIDb ONpaBaTeAbHHH MpuroBops *). 

[bio 8TO, HayaToe «MOMeHHHKOMD Jefidofi KpacnaokuMh», me- 
PeCPARCHHHIMb, Cb JO8BOIeEHiA HAYAABCTBA, Bb BOCHHHH MYHIUP', H 
saBepMIeHHOe Telerpam@HLMb Mpeztucaniemb BOeHHArO MHHACTpa CYY, 
HOCHTb ABHO NoOsMTHYeCKifi xapakTepb. TyTb H WbAb NOANTHYeCKAS, 
H cpescTBa nowuTAyeckia. Br1z0 65 OYCHB AerkO NOAOHTA Kb STHMS 
CpOACTBAMB Cb WPHAMYeCKOH ToOUkH SpbHig H HOKAsaTb UX’ NOABYO 
HOCOHSMBPHMOCTS Cb OPHAMYeCKMMH HOpMaMH. OYTO, BOPOYeME, A BO- 
o6mle JeTKO AOKASHIBATb, 4TO Hecom3sMbpHMoe Hecousm’bpumo. Ho 
HMCHHO IIOTOMY, 4TO STH BOPOTA OTKPLITH, Bb HHXb He CIbAyeTL 
asomuTaes. IlycTh yb 1yYGMe BOeHHHI MHHHCTPh, ecau 8TO NOHaAO- 
OHTCA, BHMOJHHTS sagauy Oorbe TpyAHy0,—OKaReTh, TO HECOHS- 
MBpHMOe COH3MBpPHMO, 4TO CpeACTBa «OCYIHTb» XOTA Ob Cay- 
gaHHO CXBa4eHHHIXh JiwseH 3a cMepTb YeHepana Jlo’KOBHAKORAa 
1px DoMoMu «OorrapHna ‘Kopaseba» wpuBa4Abl. Jaa Hach xe Toga 
BaRHO AHDIb OTMSTHTb, KAKb XapakTepHylO yepTy ABKBAZanionHOs 
NOJHTHKH,—CTpeMaeHlie Kb BOBMORHO SoAbe TParwyeckOMY HCXOAY. 

XapaxtTepusys okofnaro reHepaza [loxkoBHHKOBa Tepexh cy- 
JOMb, UpOKypopb Bb TeCOAHXb BLIpPaeHiAXb YUOMAHYID O «Gbesno- 
malHok crporocTH», cb kakow I[lOIKOBHUKOBS «YCMApPBIB OesiopsAKH 
BE CBBCKOMb TOAKy>. «besnomalwas CTporocTh» Kb NOIMTHYCCKHMDS 
gparaM’b, CTpeMAecHie AHEBAAUPOBATh CHOPb Cb BAMA BO3MOMHO Tpa- 
1H4n'be—He HOBOCTb, KOHEIHO, BB Pocciv. <«<.TA,0,epCTBO» —cTapHH- 
HH pycckifi tepmans. MW ymbube Onith «Oesmomagho CTpOrHMB» y 
Hac’b H8JaBha WBHHTCa, Kakb ocobmf TazanTh. Ho av nocabagaro 
BpeMECHH BCC-TaRH YUHTHBalOch BheyaTibHie OTh MBpb Tparwyweckaro 
sHayeHia. We sro Bneyatabsie, no Kpafinei mbpb, crapazucb Hefirpa- 
AH30BaTb MAH XOTA OH TOIDKO CerabuTh YbM'b-1060, HANOMAHAN TIEN’. 
MAAOCTIBBOCTh WH MHAOCepgie. Ilerep6yprckaa cyqeOHaa Nanata opra- 
HHYCCKH CAHTAa Cb UpeBapHako#, HO Ha ef (poHTOHS Bce-Taku AO 
CHXb IOPb CYHTAIOCh HeEOOXOAHMLIMB COXpaBATh CAOBa: «<IpaBha 
MHAOCTh 1a DapcTByloTb». Muaocth ch apalnaro xoya Hu UpesBa- 
pHika—Cb yepHaro,-—98T0, TaKkb Cka8aTb, MOHYMe€HTAaIbHOe BEpame- 


1) Téno 06% y6iictsb WoakospHukopa pascMaTpHBasoch Bb Kiepb ups 
OTKPHITH Xb ABepaxyL. CebabuiA O HeEMb 3aHMCTBYH H38b pedhepaross mber- 
HEX Kiepckuxt Bbcreii',—NeNe orb 13, 14, 15 n 16 gexa6pa 1907 r.; B3- 
vbetie O NpoTecTh upokypopa Ha OlpaBAaTeAbHhif MpHrOBopb saHMCTBYlO 
Nab THXd xe ,,.tiepck. B.“, Ne orb 19 gzexka6pa 1907 r. 





XPUHHKA BHYLPESHEN iKH3HH. 117 


Hie CTapHHAaro, TepexaBmMaro MHOFO BBEKOBS BSrisga: baad «6es- 
MUMatHyO CTporocTh», HeOOXOAHMO BCAYXb BO38faBaTh XRady MH- 
aOCepAID... 

OrcTyoaAeHie OTb STOrO CTapHHAAarO A MY{paro MpaBuaza Toe He 
Byepa, KOHCIHO, Hayazocb. OHO Havax0Cb YropasiO paHbile Tpenos- 
CKaro KPHAaTaro C1OBa: «<MaTpOHOBS He KaabTb». WM Bb 1907 rosy 
8T& YEPTA UPABATeAbGTBEHHATO DOBeLeHIA JOCTHTAA AHMb cBOEerO 
Aorugeckaro saBepiieHia a TOH NOSTH xynomecTBeHHOH NOHOTH. 
KAKAA CKBOSHTb, HANP., Bb YNOMABYTOMD BHC BHTOBOPS MOIKOBHUEY 
Ao6ponoasckomy. Hago azofitu fo Toro, 4To6H O6baBATS OPPuniasbAo 
BHTOBOPb HadaJbHAky OTABIBHOH YacTH 8a TO, ITO OHB Mpekpa- 
THAL Ge3H0PH1KH MHDPHHIMH CpeJCTBAaMH, a HE Opymiems. 

Mi M0XXOJHMB KO BTOpoH xXapaxTepHoH HWHB Ala JnEBAAADION- 
HoH DOAHTHEH YepTb. Ho apeaye, whMb BCEPHTL e@, A MOSBOTKH 
ce6B ele pash HABCKOIBKO YKIOHHTBCAH Bb CTOPOHY, BUPOVeM, BT. 
TY HMCHHO cTOpOHy, rab ota yepTa BhipaxeHa HavOo1be apko. 


HIT. 


He UpHXOAUTCA JOKa8hBaTb, ITO MeRIY UpaBsAMMM KPyraMH H 
ABOPAHCEHMS seMAeBIaBAieMh CyMeCTByeTh OpPraHHweckad CBABb. 
TyTb, Kakb BB Opakb, «1Ba CIHJUCh BO DIOTh exHHY». He npuxo- 
AHTCA JOKAsHBATb TARKE, ITO NOS BAinHicMS OCBOOOARTeABHATO [.BH- 
meHia OTH CTapomaBaifh CyNpymeckia y3H Kankb ON ORPbNAH, cTAIH 
Harisgube, kpachopbauBbe. UYero Oolpnle Bb 3TOMb Opan'b, Aw6Bu 
NAH pasciera—pasOupaTb ABTb HYRIH. Bo peakomb cayyab, o.e- 
MCHTS pascyeta Ha Juno. Hue garbe, Kakb Bb HOKOpb 1907 r., 
JBOPABCKEMS 8OMACB.IaBHICMb NOAYYeHO HOBOE «BOCHOCOO.1eHie» NO cry- 
yap «<Heypomag Bb 1906 r.» H «IIPOHCXOXHBOIMXD Bb pa3s.HIAXh 
MBCTHOCTAXD HMMepPiH ArpapHHXh OesllopsAKOBb>: COBBTY ABOPAH- 
CEaro O4Hka UpesAAOReHO «pascpOdnBaTh IHCAAMIiaca Ha wM'BRIAXS 
HOAOHMKH Bb DkaTeEKAXS HA CPOKH, UpelmectBywmie HOAOpPCKOMY 
cpoxy 1906 r. 0 ABOpaHckoMy OaHky H AHBapcKOMy cpoky 1907 r. 
m0 oco6oMy oTmbay sToro Ganka, Bb COOTBSTCTBIH cb pasMbpamu 
KaKb HOCTHTMaro Kaxyoe uMbHie ObIcTBIA, Takb A eFO 3a,0IReN- 
HOCTH, H&a BpeMA CBHIMe WecTu, HO He JoIbe 12 moryroxifi cb HadH- 
CleHieMb Ha pascCpOWeHHHA CYMMBI 3 pol. Bb Noayrosie» *). 

OTa OObIIHaA 10 PYCCKAMb HPaBaMb MAAOCTh ABOPAHCTBY Ona 
onyOsunopasa BB «II pasnteibcTBeyHomtb BbctHunb» NMouTH oO,HOBpe- 
M@HHO Cb IPOHCXOLHBMAMS BB liiepb coBbulakiewb MYKOMOIOBB H 
HBKOTOPHXS mperctanateseh xab6Holi Topropay, mo moBO,y HeoOEK- 
HOBCHHO BHICOKAXS IWSAD Aa X1b6b. LL TYTS AOBOADHO HeORUAAHHO 


ee 


1) Tloaomenie copbTa MHHHCTpOBS, BHCOYahINe yrBepK-eHHOe 28 OKTA- 
6pa 1907 r. Cu. ,,Pbae“, 10 nos6pa 1907 r. 








118 A. JILTPHIIEB'b. ‘ 


AIM UpO@akOBb BHACHHIOCh, 4TO IpHIHBY UIH, BBpHBe, OLHY H3b 
IIPHYHHDS HeEOOHKHOBEHHATO NOBLIMeHIA WHHL Ha xIBOb HAsO HCKATS 
Bh MHAOCTAXS WoMbcTHOMy seMsestagbain. bro Bb Tomb, ITO BOeE- 
Hoe BBAOMCTBO, <coraacHo BhIcovalimemy noBerbHiN, OOs8aHO Mpo- 
HBBOAATh WOKYNKY PHA HeNOCpeACTBeHHO Y SeMIGBAabibneBs... HE- 
T@HAaHTCTBO elme Bb iwab wu aBrycTb TekyHlaro roja mponsBedo 3a- 
KYUKY rpoMaqHHXxt napTii xab6a no 75 w 90 kon. 8a Hyab. Ho xo 
CHXb DOPb Bb kasHy 00 9TOH mba He NOCTYNHAO Ha OMHOTO yHTa». 
BexbactBie ocobo# cucTeMH TOPrOBb, Ka3sHa, «<BMBCTO YCAOBICHHHXS 
75 90 KON. 3a DYAD pH, NAaTUTS | p. 30 Kon.» Bs pesyabtars, 
0 OTSHBY OAHOTO H8b YYACTHHEOBS COBBMAHIA, «HH SHAYHTeIbAHE, 
JOcTAHIMifi BE HNHBIIHEME TOY HeOMBadHIXh pasMbpOBb oskCHOPTh 
cHOupcKaro xmb6a, HH TO OOCTOATeIBCTBO, 4TO BOOOMe ypoxai BD 
Poccin BB STOMB YToay Ha 18 pon. BLIMe NpomaAoroyqHATO, He MO- 
'YTb NOBIIATh Ha NOHHAeHIe XXBOHHIXE OSA, pasb caMb KpynANtt 
MOKyMaTelb 8@pHa, HHTeHJAHTCTBO, BeeTb CBOe AIO TAK, ITO Ne- 
penlayaBaerh IT. 8eMIeBIaLbAbNAMb TOIBKO 8&8 TO, 4TO OHH 8eMde- 
BlafbibiH» *)... Kopowe roBops, FBO CBOJHTCH He TOALKO KB Upa- 
MOMY BOCHOCOOreHIW SeMIERIATbILNAMh AYE CpeACTBS KaSHH, HO A Kb 
MOMMHOH NoMepRES, KAaKYIO NOLYIHIA CHeKYISATH, urpatmie Ha N0- 
BhleBie ISH. 

HKamoMy MOHATHO, YTO AJA ycnbxa BCAKATO pOla AaRTHBHEIXS 
wbicTBifi HeOOxO,HMO BMBTB OG6e3neyeHHyl Oasy. Pash mpexUpHHATO 
Takoe KONOCCaIbHOe AIO, RaKb ANEBHAaNiA OCBOOOABTeaAbHAarO ABH- 
ReHif, SHAINTE—HeOOXOZUMO BCAYECKHMA, XOTA OH Mame ypesByyasi- 
HHIMH, JBTOTAMM S8akpBUATb 8a COOOW MOpaNbHOe H MaTepialbHoe Co- 
4yBCTBie TOrO OOMeCTBeHHAarO CIOA, HHTepeCh KOTOPArO CBA38aHHI Ch 
JaHHEIM) HalipaBlenieMh IpaBHTeIbCTBeEHHOH NoOAMTHRH. Ct aToH TOURH 
BpPBHIA, NOMOMS SCMIeCBIALBALNAMD MOCpPeACTBOM®S NOBLIMeHIA OBAB HA 
Xi156%,—O2HO 28% NOMCOOHHXE cpelcTBb AHEBHanin. Bo Ppaunit 
no cayyaio rozoya 1709 r. oco6sre eMaCCapht KOpOaAa NocTapasaHcb 
CKYNATh XIBOb, NOHATS IH H ThMb SHAIHTeADHO OOOTaTHAK AHY- 
Hylo KasHy JJwmgzoBHKa XIV 7). VW, ecau xoTate, sTOTE KiaccHyecRiff 
OpHMbp® H38b UucTopin Ppannin Menbe NomlaeTca OObAcHeHIW Ch 
oOmenomuTHeckoH TouKR spbHis, YBMb TH «<3aKYURE HHTeHIanCTBa», 
0 ROTOPHIXD HEOMpOBEPrHyTHA JO CHXb NOPb JaHHbA ONIN mpexcTa- 
BICHH KI€BCKOMY COBBMAHIO MYKOMOJOBD. TMB He MeHBE STH 3a- 
-KYNKH Ne€BOIbHO TOpamkalwTh CBOE MPAMO-TaKH HCKINIATCABHOW 
xpa6poctbn. | 

Sakynad BE itor uM aBrycTb xabOn Ha YCAOBIAXh, JAWMAXS Cue- 
KYIAHTAMB MpeBocxosHoe Opywie AIA IPH Ha NOBHMeHie WBE, 
HHTCHAAHCTBO He MOFrd0, KOHeYHO, 3HaTb, YTO Poccin OTHOCHTCABHO 


1) ,,Pbub“, 13 Hos6ps 1907 r. 
2) Cm., Hanp., y Onapa ,Bernkan pannysckan pesomonia’, crp. 13,. Han. 
T-Ba I‘panars. 








XPUHUKA BHYTPKHHED 3KH3HH. 119 


‘ Oyaymaro ypomaa (1908 r.) eyeTD «O'brnH pare cBbybaiii tpesox- 
Haro XapagTepa: Bb llorraspcko# ry6epHid O84MH COBepmeHHO NorH6aH; 
BD ry6epHiaxt: BorwHcKko#, Ilojoancro#, Beccadapcko#, XepcoucKok, 
EatepaHocaasckoh, Xapproscko#, Uepwuroscko#, HKypcro, Craspo- 
1ONbCKOH, H BL OO2acTaXS Hydancno, Tepcrott u JloncKo#, a Taxme 
Bb gacTaxb Try6epnit Taspugecko#, Camapcko# u Caparoscroli co- 
CTOMHIe O3HMHIX MOCBBOBA OFSHD 110X0e; Bb WOro-3a1alHOMb Kpab 
OSHMH DOrndav Ha ABB TpeTH; Bb MAIOPOCCIHCKHX®D HW lWro-8allaqAhIXxL 
ryOepHiaxt OCTal#ch He saCbaHHHMH OTD 25 0 50°/, EpeCThANCKHXD 
rose#» '). Ba itoxb HATCHAAaHCTBY TPy/HO OHIO BHATH, ITO MHI BCTPB- 
THM HOBHH 1908 Tr. ch HajexJaMn Ha HOB Heypoxai u Hosni 
rotoxb. JlonycTumb, 4TO OHO He 3Hal0 Vague, TO 1907 r., odduni- 
a1IbHO OOBABICHHHH ypomakHbiMh, Bb FbACTBATeIBHOCTA NOTpeboBadb 
TIPOAOBOABCTBCHHHIXS aACCHTHOBOKb, Kakb HacTosmif roxzozHH. Ho 
He MOFdO &e OHO HO BHATb, YTO CTPaHAa NepexuAa Tos0nD 1906 r., 
4TO e@H CHIH NOJOPBaHI, ITO MaccoBad OespaboTana BOBCe He BHI- 
Aymea. He Morao He S8HATb HHTCHAAHCTBO, YTO BHCOKIA IBHBI Ha 
X166% OPH TaKHXb YyCAOBIAXh, OCIOMHACMHIXS HH JIA KOTO HECON- 
HBHHHMD <Opomeniewb YMOBb»,—-BIOAHS NOCTATOURHH NOBOID JA 
CMYTH, Gorbe HeCaHxXanHOH, hMb Ta, KOTOPYH HBAS TMAaTCd IJHEBH- 
aspopats. WM ecau, rbM> He MeH'be, MBPH Kb NOBHMeHIO IbAD OWIH 
I[pHBATH, TO, COFMacHTeCh, 9TO, NOMAMO BCerO Dpoyaro, CBuAbTeIb- 
CTBYe€TL Takme 0 xpadpoctu us0bOpbraresze# CHCTeMH, YJaqwHO BHILOI- 
HeHHOH HHTeHIAHTCTBOMb. Ha nouwb «HeOHBadHxh» UbaAD HA xXAbOD 
ye IPOMCXOAATh <TpesoxHNA coOnTia». HA BL cBasu Cb <HeOHBA- 
XHIMH IfbHaMH>» MOSBAIHCh Jake DOMBOLAYbY KalOOW. ORY 48b 9THXD 
Kal066, CO CIOBD KAaKOFO-TO «NOMBINAKA 43% DeHTparbAok ry6epHin», 
IIpHBOAHID HexaBHo «l'ox0ch Mocksn>: 

— «Co6paib Bce, YTO MOHO OHIO, HW DepeOpaica Bb Mocgsy... 
sJeMb Ch Wacy-Ha-Gach MIOXOrO — MYHBEH AObAWTS Nocrbswili 
xib6b» 7), . | 

Ho AbiO He Bb OJHHXS MyRHKAXD. MymHRH ecTbh cocaz0Bie, BO 
BCHKOMB clyyab goskemantee ycmupeHin. WM MH CAHINKOM HH3KO 
OIFBHHMb HHTCHAaHTCKYH xpaOpocTb, ecu OyJeMb YIATHBATS AHMb 
MYXHOGI OTBBTS H& CNeKYIATHBHO BSBHSYeHHHA XIbOHHA IBA. 
Hajo noMHuaTh, ITO XbOOTOproBOH A MYKOMOIH, coOupaBMlieca BD 
Kiespb Ha coBboanie, BOBCe He OesCTpacTHHe aKCHeEPTH, KOTOPHIM'S 
BCe PaBHO,—HHSKH IBHH Hin BHCOKH. Ile rpattnelt wbpb, maorie 13% 
HHXB OOa8aHH 3apanbe nocTaBkaMa 0 ouperbienHok bab H BD 
omperbsenHHt cporb. <NN Be iwrb o6a3aica WOCTaBATb Cb 1 SH- 
Bapa He jopoxe 90 AH BHHYXICHE Bb ORTHOP HAH MAATHTS He- 
YCTOMKY, HAH NOkyuaTb He AemeBre 95». Be waTepecaxt NpHuBHAIerH- 
pOBaHHaro seMACBIAKbHIA Bb aHHOMD CAyIAb OpomMeHs BwIZOBL, Tab 


1) ,PBub*, 29. XII, 1907. 
2) Ilarap. no ,Pycn‘, 80. XII. 1907. 


120 A. METPHIMEBDS. 


CkagaTb, @CTECTBCHHHIMD 3akOHaMS xxbOno# TOproBaH, MpousBejeHo 
BeMIcCTpACeHie Bb WCHTPAIbHOMb, OCHOBHOMb YHETB BCBXB TOpTO- 
BHXD onepawif rocyzapcTsa Poccilickaro... Boia Bala, BS 9TOMS, 
NOMHMO BCero Mpoyaro, CCT JOAA ACKINGHTeIbHOH xpaOpocru. 

OnH H BOOOMe H& PBAKOCTA XpaOpH,—a TOBOPH O AHWaxXb, KOTO- 
pHa AbAAOTD ABKBNAAGiOHHYW WosAuTHRY. BosbMutre xoTa OW Takoli 
(akTb, Kakb 3akpwTie «Maranon». Mexazy npoqamh, No raseTHEM 
CBBABHiaMD, Bb MKOMAXH BTOO yapempAenia oOOyyaaoch 40 62,000 at- 
Te, paspbBas0ch Bb UpimTraxb okor0 14'/2 THcaWb. MatTuna HMbsa 
14 HapOIHBIXb YHHBEPCHTeTOBD. «JA@KPHTb» CTOAb KOAOCCAALHYWO Mpo- 
CBBTHTCAbHYW pabOTY, OMHEMS POCIEPKOM Mepa BLIOPOCHTh Ha YABIY 
cBhine 76 tTHCATB bref (14,000 usb npiwtosh aw 62,000 xan 
IKO1b) ')— 9TO xpabpo. OTo xpaOpe Jame kakB xOTaH OH TOXbKO 
nyOrwwHo0e OGvapyxRenie ONpeAbACHHHIXD HAIUBAAYaIbHHXb YepTE: 

— Borh Mi paspymHan aABITO ropass{o 6ombMee, ThMb xXpaMb 
Jiannt Odeccko#. Ilycrs’ ses Espona scnomanaers Tepocrpara. 
A MBI He TOABKO H@ CMYDICHH, HO Jame, cyqa 00 crarbamMs «Hosaro 
Bpemenm> u «Pocciu>, ambems Banh nobbautenei. — 

IOxuuHe TOpAONpOMHMIACHHHEH Ha XXXII cpbayb Bb Xappeosh «Bul- 
pasHan raydokoe comarbaHie, ITO KAAS T@PHONPOMHIICHHOCTA NOTe- 
pasa Bb Hub J. A. Jlyryruna neombauMaro wbaTeis, COBBTH KOTOparo 
MHOrO cCNoco6cTBOBaIH pasBHUTiWO TopHaro bia Ha wb Poecia» *). 
JOxHad TOPHONPOMBMAeHHOCTS oTCTaBseHa OTS JI. UW. Jlyryruna. UH 
aTO HakasaHie DocTurso ee 3a TO, 4TO J. VW. Jlyryranp BHcTyoarp 
Ha BHOopaxb Bb TpeTbO JlyMy, Kakb KaeluaTh <AbBarO OlOKA>. 
Jlaxe Bb YICOHUKH JAH HAYAALHHIX’ WKOIb BOMeIb TOpA OTBBTD 
JloOMOHOCOBa H& Yrpo3y <OTCTaBHTb OTb akajemin»: 

— Pa3pb akajemil0 OTCTaBHTe OTb MeHS. 

Al Bopce He xouy cmymaTbh Jl. WM. Jlyryrana, Kak yuenaro, Ipes- 
MBpHEIMH CpaBHeniaMu. Jla uw He 8adbMb BOOOMIe CpaBHABaTb eo 
HH Cb JIOMOHOCOBLIMh, HH Ch EBMb-1HOO ApyraMb. Mat He yweHHA 
SaclyrH H japoBaHia conocTaBiaem>b. Mb cpaBauBaeMh NoBexeHie 
BAACTHHXB MOIHTHYECKAXD AbATexeH, pasbIeHHLIXb UPOMCKYTROM'S 
Bb 150 xbrs. Ilo Ty cropoHy mpomexyTka BCeCHAbAHH elH3aBeTEH- 
CKif MaBOpuTh, caMOLyph, H MPH TOML caMOsyp>. pasipamenAn, “60 
3anBTO ero AM4Hoe caMomoObie. UM Bce-rakw y Hero He XBaTHAO xpa6- 
PpocrH «OTCTABHTb akaleMi> OTb «HeombuaMaro mbaTexa>». Lo cm 
CTOPOHY UpoMemyTka mpocro «TBepgaa BaacTb»y. WH nepeab Hew 
CYADOH He akaleMiv, yUpewAeHiA AH BeIbDMOMH BpeMeHS EAasaperh 
AOBOAbHO-TAaKH YMOSPHTeIhHar0, & TOPHONPOMHIMWAeHHOcTS wWra Poc- 
CiH, KOTOpad Hacawleda Ch TAXEHMH AtepTBAMH YTOCysAapcTBeHHaro 
KasHauvelicTBa, Bb KOTOPOH MaTepiaIbHO 3aHHTepecoBaHH MHOTIe BHI- 
HMe IIpeAcTabkTedH M Tak’b HasbisaeMaro <@HHaHCORaro Mipa», HK 


1) LLu@pH sanMcTBylo H3b ,P Bin‘, 11. XII. 1907. 
*) ,Topapnmp*, 6. XII. 1907. 








XPOHHKA BHYTPEMHEBR KUBHH. 12] 


TaKb HaSHBaeMHIXb «UpaBsAllaxsb KpyroBh». Ho mi xpabpH, OesyMHO 
xpaopu. 

«Hosopoccifickomy yHuBepcHTeTy yrpoxaeTb pasrpoms». — LIpo- 
@eccopa Sanyepceif u Kocuaesifi «oTqaHht MHHHCTePCTBOMS MOS 
cymb. Ipod. Ierpiest oTctapyehs OTb AOARHOCTH; Mpodeccopamt 
3SaBbai0By, PotrepHy, HaoccosckoMy UpeaxomxeHO MHHHCTEPCTBOM 
HOAaTL Bh OTCTABEY»; YCTaHaBIABalilifica Bb YHABEPCHTeTB «HOBHITI 
KYPCb cHoOco6eHb NOBECTH Kb YXOAY H APyraxb Mpodeccopows» *)... 
Ilpomeccopy Kocuackomy, MexxY UPOUHM, MOCTaBAeHO Bb BUBY «y4Ia- 
cTie Bb OCBOOORETeIbHOMS BueeHin» *)... J bitcTBHTeXbHO, 4acTh 
OleccKkoH mpodeccypH «ywacTBOBala» H axe cOrbicTBOBata PackpH- 
Tin rbiictsii OnBMlaro ofeccKaro rpagoHayasbHuka Heligrapzta BO 
BpeMsa orpoma 1905 r. Messy UpoauMt, HacKOIbKO NOMHHTCH, 
Tr. Kocaucrii au4HQ BPYIHIb CeHaTOpy, MpoMsBO_HBMeMy Bb Oxecch 
«peBusin» KOMUpOMeTHpywimie r. Hefizrapara AOKYMeHTH. ITO HeCOM- 
HbHHO Mpecryisenie, Takh Kakb ©. HefigrapaTh OAH30K5 KB COWBY 
pycckaro Hapoya HH, CBepxXb TOrO, HMbeTh sHa4HTeIbHHIA pos- 
CTBeHHHA cBasH. HM He MyspeHo, ecaa Hosopoccificnift yuuBepcaTeTh 
OKasaica Hak6oxbe o6cTpbinBaeMLIMD® MyHETOMD... Mab ckamyTo: 
upH umueparoph Hukozab [lapiosuyb an He TO OnBat0. Ja, HO 
Bb ¥5 BpeMeHa HA NYTH xpadpHXb peopMaTopoB) He CTOMAH TARiA 
BAACTHLIA peMATcTBia, KAKb <FfOPHOUPOMBIMAeHHOCTR wra Poccin», 
He@TeNPOMHULIEHHOCTh, KeTbsHOMOpORAas cCBTb HA MHOTIA J[pyris 
«<6zara MaTepiaIbHOH KYIbTYphI», KOTOPHIA Tpe6yWTh OT BAACTH 
oco6o GepexHaro OTHOMeHia Kb HAayWHHMb culJamb. He sBesanka 
XHTPOCTb <¢YBOIHTLB», Hallp., mpod. HKaoccosckaro. Ho, kakb cBoe- 
RPCMEHHO CICIb AOATOMD HANOMHATS DepBLi MeHJerbeBcKif cEb3SIb 
Bb cBOeh cOIyBCTBeHHOH TelerpaMMb upod. HKaoccoscromy 26 jJe- 
KaOpsa, OTHMB YUCHHIME <IpeAIPHHATE MOHYMCHTAIbHHA TPYAb 0 
@HSHEB 3eMHOTO Mapa», «cO31aHa MeTeOposoruyeckad cbrb wWra Poc- 
ciH H OOcepBaTopia»; ero npebrBanie BL JaHHOMDd M‘bCTh, Bb DeEHTpS 
AaHHarO HaydHaro alllapaTa TBCHO CBA38aHO Ch MHTepecaMy - 4epHO- 
MOPCKArO HapoxXoxcTBa, Cb HHTepecaMH xXeIB3sHOAOpORHaro ABUReHIA, 
Cb HHTepecaMH ceibCKkaro xXossaHcTBa... 

— Yrto sto? Pasmnrmmzenie 0 noabsb reonorid H 0 8HayeHin Me- 
TEOPOXOTIA?.. 

Kt comxarbuiw, Mb mpHOlnmaemca Kb TOH depTB, 3a keTopel No- 
TpeOyeTca A0KasHBaTb, 1TO Poccifickoe rpcyqapcTBO He MOReTS OOOH- 
THCh 6eyb TaOIHOH ymMaOxReHia. Hams npuxognTca uMBTb BIO cb 
TAKHMH ABICHIAMH, KOTOPHA NOpamkawThb HeOOHKHOBEHHO NipaMoluHed- 
HHMb OTPHUAHiCMb CaMHIXb 9JCMCHTAPHEIXb, CAaMHIXb asOyIHHXb 
HCTHH'S, QHEPIH4eCkad AHRBUAaNiA BE Oxecc’ noTpebopara noBalbHok 
BHICHEKH Bpageli. Ho 3aTbMb BCOOMHHAM, 4TO TOPOAyY yrpomaerp 


1) ,Pbap*, 11. XII. 1907. 
2) ,Topapum*, 2. XI, 1907. 


Jeu A. BRTPHILEBS. 


xozepa. BosHukao 3aMbMaTelbcTBO,—sBpayeli HAsO ANKBEAAPOBATS, 
KaKb SXCMCHTS KPaMOJbHHH, nw Oesb Bpayel Heabsa OOoliTuch. UH BB 
pesyIbTaTb NOABHAACh NO-BCTHH' reHialbHas MEICAb, POPMYABPOBAH- 
Has O@eccKOW YTOPOAcKo! AyMoH: «<Bpayn OeslOseshbl», Takb KaRb 
OKaShLIBaTb HaceleHil0 BO BPpeMA XOJEPH MEAHOMACKYH DOMOMb «ycrbm- 
HO MORe€Th TOProBasd NosHHia» *)... ITO He 3aMOorHAbHH rorocs Dpo- 
cTakoBo#. OTo cama I[lpoctakona BHDIIa Ha WyOInaGHYH apeHy, TBO- 
PHT CYS H pacupaBy, H3pekaeTh cBeH OescMePTHLIA CeHTeHTIA: 

—- A M8B034HKH Ha 4TO? A DepRelf Dopraof y koro yaHACH?.. 

ExasapeTaacsii BeIbMOKA BCe-TAKH OPHOINKaIcsaA Kb YPOBAW ALeki 
CrapoxyMa. 9TO wbIanO ero oO uasBbCTHOH cTeneHH OCTOPORHHMS; 
OH He MOMb 326HITb O THXD IpeNATCTBIAXh, KOTOPHA He NO3BOAAWTS 
TY He XOTA OH «akayeMilO OTCTABUTY OTD JloMoHOcoBa». [1pocTakoBa.. 
KaKb ASBBCTHO, BCero xpabpbe Th ana, KOTOphe He BHAST Mpenar- 
cTBifi H He BaMbiawTh ONacHOcTH. 

Mn 7aBHo xpa6pn. Ho Tenepb Halla xpadpocTh xocTuraa Kpak- 
HHX® npenbioss. Tora 1'/,—2 Ha3arb OHIO MOHATHO, ITO Takia, 
Halp., «PeNHTi0SHHa YpYNUb HaceceHig», KHES CTapooopsIUH wiu 
MYCYIbMaHe MOIFYTb OITA OOpofi. ITO HXb HAO UPABAeKAaTb, a He 
OTTAaIKHBaTb. ME YToOTOBL! OBLIH MOXJHATBCH JO YPOBHA CTAapOAyMOB- 
CKHXD HgeH. Tenepb MH «<IpoTHBS MocTpotsu MeveTH BB Llerep6yprb», 
Ha TOM OCHOBAHIH, 4TO CCIH OHYIO MedeTA «paspBbOIATD>, TO Ch eg 
«MHHapeTa OYAYTh MPOHCXOAATS PHSB MyotsuHa» 7). Teneph MEI 
TOTOBLI AMHMIMPOBATb, YTO Bb CMbICTB OTAaIeHiA OTH CTAPOAYMOBCKOR 
HyeOMOTiH MH Jateno ollepeqwin xaxe Ortromanckyw [lopry, ko- 
TOpad BCe-TakH <paspbmaeTh» MpaBOCkaBHLie XpaMhl Bb CBOeCMD 
MYCYIBMaHCKOMS CramOyrb. Tenepb MB 3alpeTuiu cTapooOpalyeckomy 
ORIOKPHHBNKOMY MHTPOUOINTY BHSSIb Bb Pocciw *), sakpHAH «Ha 
BpeMaA ycHAeHHOH oOxpaHbi» cymMecTBOBaBUif BreweHie ABYXb XKTD 
«Crapoo6psyelb», pyKOBOJUMHH BHanmluMca cTapooOpsx,qecKHMS 
iepapxomp VWunorenriems (Ycosnims). Eme nelaBHo Jia Hach 6H20 
TOHATHRIMD, MOWMY HAO OTKaABAaTLCH OTB DepkoOBHaro BMbma- 
TCILCTBA Bb ceMeflHyi0 RASHb. Tellepb cHHOx MporectyeTs upo- 
THBb «8aKOHONPOCKTA MHBHCTePCTBa BHYTPeHHHXb AbIb 06% OTMBAS 
OO6A3aTCILCTBA DAA IHU HHOCIABHHXS UCcHOBBAanif, BCTYTAaNMUXD 
Bb Opakb Cb NpPaBOCIaBALIMA, BHJABaTb NOAMUCKY Bb TOM, ITO WbTH, 
OTS STOTO 6paka pORMCHHHA, OYAYTH BOCHUTEHBATECA Bh UpaBocsas- 
Hol Bbpb» *). CuHoxs Tpe6yerb cyryOnxtb Kaph 3a O6andeHie Upa- 
BOCIABHHXS JYXOBHHXE IH0b. CuHOlb Jaxe «Hosoe Bpema» CMYTBID 
PB3KHMB H GeS8NOBOPOTHHIMS CTpeMJeHieMb AJHKBAAMPOBATb BCARIe€ pas- 
TOBOPH O «Hayalax BbpoTepnaMocTHA> °). CHHON'S RcaeTh HE TOABKO 


1) ,Pba‘, 9. I. 1908. 

3) ,Kacnifi*, 2. XIT, 1907. 

3) ,Crapoo6payenb*, cexTa6pb, 1907. 
*) ,PbBap*, 13. XII. 1907. 

5) Hos. Bp.*, 9. I, 1908. 














XPOHHKA BYYTPEHABHK AUSAH. 123 


COXPaHHTb, HO H ycyryOuTb BCB TB MpenonH, OnarosqapA KOTOPHM'b 
Bh CTpanb KpboweTbh A yrayOaseTcA OTpHNaTeIbHOe OTHOMeHIe Kb 
HIpaBOClaBHHM YCTAaHOBAeHIAM’S. 

Emme HejaBxo0 Hach CMyMlax> «KpHsHch Upasocasasia». M, crapasch 
HakTH BHXONb H38b TYNHKAa, MB TO UpoekTHpOBadH NaTpiapwiecTEoO, 
TO YTOBOpHAH 0 cobopsb, To, m0 caopamh «CrapooOpsana» (ceHTabpp 
1907 r.), BenH TeperoBopE ch nano Ha IpeAMeTh, CCAH He COesHHe- 
Hid, TO cOadmeHia9 DepeBe. Cp oto nocabjneh mbabw, MexTy Mpo- 
TAM, MpelloLararocb NpHrsacnTh UpercraBuTeseH kaTOAMYeCKOH WepEB:: 
Ha WpejcTroamifi cobops. He sag, kak HaliTH BHXOJ'b, MBI TOTOBH 
OHAH HCKaTb NOMOMH A3BAS. Lloroms «<Hopoe Bpems» «oKasano», 
¥YTO coboph He HyKeHs. Tenepb, kakb coo6muszo «Crono» 15 anBapa, 
«BONpOCh 0 CO3HIBB Bcepeccifickaro WepKOBHaro cobopa Bb BEICINUX' 
AYXOBHEIXS ciepaxb pbmenh OTpunaTeybno; wa oOdulialbHOM’b 
O6OBABAeHIH OO STOME OCOHeHHO HacTauBaWTh kKpaligie mpaBhe cb 
PNHCKONOMS capaToBcKum’ T'epmoreHoM’ Bo riaBb>. Tenepb MB HMCHHO 
JHEBHIupyemb BC OTCTyMIeHig OTh BbpoucnopbyHok mporpaMMbl 
-leoHTbeBa H [panrmyta. Mit crpeMuTeabHO BOSBpallaeMca Ha CTapbla 
NO3HIiH H Xpa6pbems, Kakb BY CkasK, He NO AHAMD, & MO YacaMb. 

. Ene HejaBHo HaM’d, kasaloch, ACHH Onan Th MaTepiaIbHHa CHIN, 
ROTOPHA CTOSTH 38 BONPOCOMS xoTa OH 06% OTHOCHTCIbHOME «PaBHO- 
npaBig Malopoccifickaro iatexTa». Mi XONycTHIH YKDPaHHCKYW 
Buoasin. Jolycraiw ykpadHckyW Meyats. Bb Hatarb Tekymaro yye6- 
Haro rola MN emle JONYCkalH Bb npHAnHNS, 3ro «Masopoccilickiif 
iaNeKTL» MOKeTH OLITh MpelokapaeMh BL «MBCTHHIXD WEKOLAXb». 
M, mexxy mpoanmt, omnot aactHofi rumuasin Bb Hamenent - Ilo- 
ROABCRB G6H10 paspbuleHO MHBMCTEPCTHOM Hapoxnaro MpocBbmexia 
BBECTH penogapanie ykpanHckaro s3HKa. Ho scrbyp sarbmb 65140 
PasbACHeHO, YTO MpemosaBakie STOrO A8HKA MOMCTS ONTL AONyMeHO 
TOABKO Bb TOMB cCaAyuab, eciH OHO OyzeTH NOpyweHO AML, 
<HMBHMeMY CHeTiaIbHH AHNIOMb Ha UpenosaBanie ykpaHHcKaro 
a3shka» '). MomHo upelcTaBHTb, Kakb XOXoTadH xpadpeuu, «past- 
ACHHBIie» coO6cTBeHHOe paspbmenie. Lonpobyitre, Bb caMomb wbx, 
Hafira BB Pocci «XHNAOMHPOBAHHAarO YIHTeIA YkPaHACKAarO ABHIRA» 
HIH yupemfenie, OTKYIa MORKHO NOAyGATL sTOTh ZunJoM’. Ho Bce- 
TaKH MH elle epRalHCh «pas bACHHTeCIbHOM» NOAHTHEH, MBI H30- 
6pbraan cnoco6sl M MpeAOrH SaMACKHPOBHIBaTb CMHICAD HalllAXx'b 
rbictsifi. Tenepp sb Exarepunoxapb mpocro <He paspbmleHoO H3,aBaTb 
wanopoccificryw rasety «Ky6anpbcra Tpomaga» *). Teneph MBI IpH- 
CTYURAH Kb OTEPHITOH AHEBHAANIH YRIOHeHI OTb HanioHasAcTu4e- 
ckoH mporpammMn «Pycckaro coOpania». UH whut zaabile, ThMb xpao- 
phe He OcCTaHabAHBaAeMCA Nepeb NPECNATCTBIAMH H&A 9TOM NYTH. 

Eme HelaBio MH NOMHHIH, ITO CekTa ioAaHHUTOBL-CCTh HHITO HHOE, 


') Kies. Muica.*, 4. XII, 1907. 
3) <PbBap», 15. I 1908. 


at 


124 A. IETPHIDEB'b. 


Kak TEMHAA KOMMAHiA MaSyYpHKOBh, OOLABABMAA KPOHMITAITCRAarO CBA- 
wleHHuKA IoaHHa Cephiepa X pHCTOM’, a OMHY MeHMAHY H3b CBOeH CpeAH 
YO JAaBHO OOIMYEHHYO H YIAYCHHYW Bb OWSIOMS PSAb CKBCPHHX®S XB- 
Aumekb, Boropoqunell. Ort Hea BBCKOIBEO Pash CUaTAaI'S HEOOXOAAMHIMD 
OTpekaTbca camMb lIoawss Cepriesb. [papga, ioaHHuT Oka3aIHCb Bt 
HEOOHKHOBEHHO OANBKOME pOACTBb cb CoW30Mb pyccKaro Hapoga. H, 
KOrAa NOMBHaCh HalipaBleHHad NPOTHBh HX OOAMUUTeABHAA Wbeca 
r. Iporononosa «Yepane BOpoHH>, OWA HayaTS cBoeodpasHn kpe- 
CTOBHIH MOXOS, YTOOH CHATH e@ CB peliepryapa. Y mwbszaro pasa 
DPOBHHNiaIbHHXb AaJMHHKCTPATOPOBh Hall10cb AoOcTaTowwO xpabpocrs, 
4TO0Ob B3ATb i0aHHHTOBS DOA cBowW samuTy. MH wo MHOrHX® reHe- 
pa.1b-ryOepHaTopcTBax® 1beca ObL1a salpemena. Ho Bb DOHTp ABCKOABKO 
MBCHUCBb BCC-TAKH CIHTAIBCh Ch TBM, ITO i0@HHHTH @CTb i0aBHHTH. 
Ene «Bb Hayarb yekabpa BpeMeHHHH reneparb-ry6epHaTops Tepcrok 
oO61acTH WOAYIHAG OTS TAABHArO YUpaBleHia 00 AhxAaMb LWewaTH yBB- 
AOMIeHie, YO Kak OHO, TAKS HW CBATbEMi CHHOAD HE BCTpbiaers 
HHAKAKHXS UpensATcTBit kb MOCTaHOBES Ha cHeHB «YZepnwx' Bopo- 
HOKb». KAKb HbeCH, MOTYMe MPHHECTH TOIBKO MOAb3y Bh Gopb6b cb 
JUUaMH, SIOVUOTPeCOAAIOMIAMH PeAHTiO3HLIMU YYBCTBAMH TeEMHArO AWM 
AAA CBOUXD IM4AHIXS KOPHICTHHXS BAAOBD» '). 16 Jexa6pa BB «bupa. 
Bbjom.» Onaga daueiaTaga saMbrea: «II. A. Croamman  coo6mHab 
CapaTOBCKOMY euucKOny L[epmMoreHy, 9TO HaxXOXRTb HeYAOOHHMS 3a- 
pemenie nbech «Yepawe BopoHnN» nocyb Toro, Kakb CBBTCKaA H 
KYXOBHad IeH3yphl He Halu Bb Hell HuGerO NpecryNHaro; HeAOBOAb- 
HH oTebromp Il. A. Crommana enackous Tepmorext, 10 clyxam'h, 
pbuuIb XA0n0TaTs Bb Ilapcxoms Cerb» 7). A pOBHO 4epesb CYTEH 
Bb T6xb xe «bupm. BbsAOM.» cvdOmasocb: «corsacHoO paciopameHin 
BHICMIMX’S BAacTeH, HMBBUad CTOAb IyMHHH ycrbxp nbeca B. B. 
Iiporononosa «YepHte Boponhi», pHcoBaBllad 8aKYABCHYW CTOpOHy 
(bATeIDHOCTH iO@HBUTOBL, CHUMaeTCA Cb pelepryapa» °). HM rbMp 
Ke, MCKIY UPOWMb, BPCMeCHHHIME TeHeparb-rydepHaTopoms Tepcroli 
oOtacTH OHO NoLyyeHO TexerpamHoe Npemuucanie «cHAaTb cB penep- 
Tyapa «<UYepsuxt BopoHoBh», Takb K&kKb OTHOCATCAbHO OTOH ObecH 
Bb CBATBHMeMb CHHONS OLI0 3acaymanHo NpeqcraBleHie opeocBameH- 
Haro TepmoreHa» a T. J. *). 
Bricmee wepkoBnoe y4upemfenie BHICTYNHI0 Ha saldTy CeKTH 
MaSyPHRKOBh, CcPaOpHkOBaBWIHMXb CL YIOAOBHO-HakasyeMhIMH IFBISMH 
aAmexpucta, meOoroposuny, AmeanocTosoB... A xXopomlo UOHHMAan, 
4TO 1610 TYTh He Bb AHUHOH xpaOpocra Mkca, sera wan Urpera. 
X, Z win Y Bb JaHhoMb calyyab BeyTb NOMNTHYECKYIO HTpy, Ha- 
UpaBieHHyW Kb IBBBHAai «rlacHOCTH», Rb AHEBULANIH ThXb CAOR- 
HBX ABIEHIi, KOTOPHA BXONATh BL NOHATI€ «cBOOOTH clOBa». A 


1) ~Pbhup*, 30. XII, 1907. 
*) ,.Bapx. Bbga.*. 16. XII, 1907. 
3) ,bupx. Bba.*. 17. XII, 1907. 
4) ,Paup‘, 30, XII. 1907. 











XP@HHKA BHYTPEHHER &yBeRH. 125 


OTEPHBaTh HAH He OTKPHIBaTb KO3HPH BO BpeMSs MOAMTAYeCKOH HTPH,— 
STO HO BCeTZa 3aBHCAT OTS OOpoH BOAM MIpOKka,-——TYTb MHOTO 8Ha- 
AHTb COBOKYNHOCTh BHBIHHXD OOCTOATEILCTBS, MHOTO S8HAYHTS Take 
nobejenie upoTHBAHESa. Hannum r. Dporononoss <6oroxyabHyb» HAH 
<«KOMLYHCTBCHHYWO» TIbeCy, H HATHCKD Ha «CBOOOAY NewaTH» Bb STOMb 
NYHETS MoHO OH OOCTABATb TOPRECTBEHHLIMH PasCYRAeCHiAMH O BaR- 
HHXB Upesmetaxb. Bp urpB npu Takuxb ycsoBiaxth 610 ON AeTRO 
CMBINaATh KAPTH, YEPBITBCA MOB B8aluTY BHICHINXb coobpaxenifi. Ho 
nbeca r. Dporononosa BnorHB WpawocaaBna, copepleHo HeyasBHMa 
HH C’b TOURH 3pbHia 73 cr., HA Cb TOURH spbHia 74 cr. yroxoBnaro 
yaomenHia. Ona BCerO TOABKRO «aHTHi0AHHHCTHOHAa». UW, <uKBA_Apy A» 
ce, Hapsyy CO MHOTHMB APYTHMH «NponsBexeHiamMa DewaTn, HeECOOTBET- 
CTBYlOMeH BUaMb UWpaBMTeABCTBA», MOHEBOIB WUpPHIMAOCh PackpHITh 
KaPTH, KOTOPHIA Bb AHTepecaxb cHHOxa Osaropasymatbe 6110 On 
IpsaTatb. 

OTOTh YacTHHH upaMbpt 10 HBKOTOpOH cTeNeHH NOACHHETS, ITO 
AB10 HMCHHO He Bb ABYHOH XpadpocTu WAAWMLUXS AURBUAANIOHHYW 
NHoswTHEY. XpaOpocrbio sToro poxa He OWA cRyLeEHD DOKOHAWE IreBe. 
«Be3yMcTBOM. xpaOpHXxb» 6170 NpeBpanienie ROAPMOMpekIOHeAHArO 
6ynta 9 AHBaps BB rekaTom6y. BesymctBomb xpa6pHxb BbeTh OTh 
caMoyOilicTBeHHaro 11aHa—Bh MOMCHTS T1y6oKkaro KpHsHCa, Nepemu- 
BaeMarO0 ABTOPHTCTOMB BAACTH, B8SBAIHTL HA O9TY BAACTb OTBBTCTBEH- 
HOCTh 32 Yupexjenie BOeCHHO-NOleBHXS cyfopb. Ho, Noka JWKBHAa- 
HiOHBHIH HaTHCKb HalpaBlaica NO MpevuMyMecTBY Ha rpedeHb OCBO- 
GomuTeIbHOH BOIHH, Ha MpOABAeHIA CMYTH, OesCcNOpHHIA, ABHO CBOH- 
CTBERHHA «PeBO.JIONIOHHEIMS lapTiaMb», XapakTeps NOAMTHIeECKOM HIpHI 
He BHIHYRIAIb JepKaTb OTEPHTHMH BCH KapTL. OgkakO KOPHA OCBO- 
GOAHTCIbHATO ABHReHIA OKAZAAMCh TAYOOKO Nos semset. JuKBATALIO 
NpPHMA0Ch ROBECTH AO CTOIRHOBEHIA Cb OOHBATeIBCKOW CMYTOW, He- 
COMBSHHO BpamjeOsoH# «ycTUaMb», HO TeMHOH, HeyIOBUMOH, 4acTO, 
Rakb Bb clysgab cb mecow r. I[poTononopa, HaKaKHMH 8akOHaMA 
He npelycMoTphaHo#. OTO 3acTaBHaO OLiTh xpabpbe, Bb cMLIcIB ro- 
TOBHOCTH PaCIJa4HBaTbcA Cb MOIHTHYECKAMH BparaMmy, He CUHTad HX'b. 
OTO 3aCTaBHAO Take OnITh xpaOpbe u upH pbmenid CHOpAHX’S BO- 
MpocuBb WO CyMecTBY. 

Hecomabaxo, MHI faBHO xpa6pH. Ho mo oOTHOMIeHii0 Kb MYKHKY, 
HallpHMbpb, MBI BCe-TAaKH Jepmalnch WO Nocabywaro BpeMeHH Bb 
USBBCTHHIXD TpakHHnax’. Mul 61H yBBpeHsI, NOIOKAMD, ITO NoOLaTA 
BeNib CBADIeHHad. VW np BsHickaniv Nosatelt He OYeHb CRAOHHEI OMA 
crbaopatTbh rosocy yeluBbroandia. Heyero rpbxa TantTb,—MbI CTPHTIu 
MymHKa 0-roza. Ho BCe-TakH MOMHAIH,-—CTPHYb MOKHO, & BHICKYOATb 
HeAb3s, CTpPAmeHOCe OOpacTaeTh, a BHCKYOACHHVE Ub KOPHAMH OTPAcTH He 
Bb COCTOAHIH. MH Mpu3HaBadi H3BBCTRYW UACTh MYRHMWKALO UMYNLeCTBA 
HeUTUyHIAeMOlW axe UpH BsbickaHiv HexonMOKD. He parbe, kakb Bb 
1906 ©., MBI COUT HEOOXOTHMNMB Jacke H8Sb TIOPbMbI OTHYCKATD MY- 
&uka JOMOH «Ha NOOLIBEKY» BO BPCMA MO1CBEIXB padors. /[1a oyeper~ 


126 A. DETPHOLEB'b. 


Haro B3HCKaHia mogateH oceHbiO 1907 Vr. «BHO HOBNE MpaBHor. 
Y HengzaTelbMHuKOBb MbpamMa Normuin sadupaerca BCe,—CKOTS, 3eM- 
nexbabyeckia opyais, Obabe, Ofem1a, MOCTeAbHLIA UpPHHAaLAeRHOCTH, 
yupamb... HW Bee ato, NOXb HabsOAeHieMb CTPAXHHKOBS, CaMH Ke MY- 
MHEH Rb DOpPAIKs HaTyparbHok DOBHHHOCTH MepeBOSATb Ch OABOTO 
ceibckaro 6asapa Ha Ipyrol, usb cela Bb TOpodb, H3b Topoka Bb 
cero. Ilo goporb KypH AJOXAYTb, TelaTa MeP3sHYTb, HeMYZpeHad Kpe- 
CThHHCKad Ocyqa UpespamlaeTcd Bb HHKOMY HeHYHHHH pasOuTHk 
xiaMb... MuHyBIeO OceHbIO ABCKOIDREMH TaseTaMH OTMbiatHCb Co- 
BePMeHHO OAAHAKOBHe SIABOAH Bb pasHHXb wactaxs Poccin: 

— [TIparnaao HayazbcTBo «napTin KpecTbAHcRaro cKapOa Ha Oa- 
Bapb. CrapocTa KpHyalb AO XpHMOTH: «9H, rocnoxa xopomie, noxa- 
ayiire cb yruiexa». Ho HaKTO»HuGerO He KyNHIb, Jame OapHIMHHEX 
He COO1a3HHIHCb>. 

«BsHickanie noxatell NoryaHAO XapakTeps WomuTHIecKOH MeCcTH> ‘), 
TAaKb ONperbania «Pbib» aTOTh MeTONS AbAcTBI, UpH KOTOPOMS BO 
MHOFHXS ClYWaAXb Kasha HHYETO He MOAYYAeTh, a HEMOHMINARD pas- 
sopseTca 20 Taxa. Ho uTo-mb WbraTh? «AKTOMDB NOAUTHYeCKOH MeCTH» 
OHO ASBbCTHOe pacnopamenie MHHUCTpa BHYTPeCHHUXS Abi AypHoso, 
ZaNpeTHBMaro BHAAyY MpPOJOBOABCTBeCHHOH MOMOM[H KpeCThbAHaM, YAH- 
YOHHHIMD BB KpaMorb. VW, korga H3faBaNOcb 9TO pacuopsReHie, MOXHO 
OHIO THMATECA MpeANOIOReHIAMM, YTO KpAMOIbHHEKOBS 00 AepeBHAMS 
He Takb yb MHOFO, JTO KpaMOda He TaRb yRb rayOoka, 4TO Hb- 
CKOIBKHMH YBBCHCTHMH YapaMH MaJKH Aypb B8b MYKUOKOK TOAOBH 
OynzeTS BHOBTa. DTloxomenie oKasatoch ropasqo ciomHbe. Pash cry- 
NHBb Ha NYyTb «BhIOUBaHiA AYpH» NadkaMH, MBI Dial 3a Marom. 
IpHUIIH He TOIBKO Kb TOMY, YTO Jame BBLICKAHIe HELOHMOKD UpeBpa- 
THIOCh Bb CHOCOOS CcBOAMTD NosuTHyeckie cyeTH. Mu Boole cymban 
OOHaKUTb Hally BHYTPeHHIOW NOAMTHEY 0 RTyGe OTKPOBeHHAarO Epe- 
CThAHOMOOCTBA, 

Ilycrh Halla BHYTPeCHHAA NOAKTHRA HAKOTAa PakTHYeCKH He CTpa- 
fala kpecTbaHoduabcTBomb. Ho Bce He MH 8HAIH, ITO Y MYRHEA OT- 
HOCHTCIbHO BAACTH CCTb B3BBCTHHS HIAWSIH, Dyctb MW JalekH OnIaH 
OTb HaMbpebia HATH HaBCTpbay sTaMb HwIINsIAaMD. Ho Bce He MEL 
NOHHMaJH, ITO HXb HeIbsAH paspymatp. Ilyctrh Ham cHMNAaTiN Ops- 
HallexaiH oluperxbrenHomy oOmecrsenHoMy ci0w. Ho sce me MH 
NOMHAIH, 4TO «Poccia 10 MpeHMyMecTBY KPeCcThAHCKOe FocysapcTBo», 
KaKRb BHpasHiuch reHepaant JloOko uw [aa30Bb pu o6cymszeuin n36H- 
paTeibHaro sakoHa 6 asrycra 1905 r. H,: NamatTya 06% 9sTOMb, MH 
CTapatHCh XOTA On! TOABKO ODMuMIaIbHO, XOTA OH ABM HA CIOBAXs 
cOxpaHaTh HBSEOTOpHA Zemopuabceift Jocks. Ho korsa urpa cTaHOBHTCA 
asapTHOH, KTO #e MOMHATh O MeIOUaXh Tyaseta? 3 imna 1907 r. 
Y Hach XBaTH10 xpaOpocTH «CMHITD EpackH H CTepeTb pyMAHa>. [1 
1907 roxb «kpecTbaHCKoe rocyjapcTBo—Poccia» sakoHUBa <JBOpsH- 


1) .Pbap*, 9. I. 1908. 








XPOHHKA BHYTPEHHEH KHBHH. 126 


ckoH JlymMo#» 4 OTEDHITHIMS, TIaCHbIMb, JCMOHCTPATABHHIMD BHCTYNite- 
HieMb «MBCTHEIXG MpescTaRutTereH BAaCTH» HW ABOPAHCTBA Ha NOMpHMIC 
cOBMBCTHOH GopbOn cb KpecTbaHcTBOMh. Mu Jo Toro oxpabpbaw, are 
Y Hach, MOBHAHMOMY, Jake He WeBerutTca comHbHie: 

— Heyxeia cnoco6uo kpecTbaHcKoe rocygzapcTBO, KOTOpoe BTe- 
yeHie BBEOBb NHTalOCh H3BECTHHMA H103idMH OTHOCHTeCIBHO BAACTH, 
N€peBapHTb CTOMb PAasHTe.1bAy!O WepembHy eKopanifi? 


IV. 


Bp npomszoms roxy «Bbcranks Esponn» ormbyart, kakb 38aMe- 
H4TCALHYW OCOOeCHHOETH PYCCKOH MU3HU, — IpesBHyalAVe KAYeCTBEHHOe 
IOHHHeHie AJMWHArO COcTaBa, OOC.1yRHBAaMMAarO MpaBHTe.1bCTBeHHLIM 
MeXaHH3Mb. OTB MuantTuHnxt, Pocrosnesa, Tor1oBHHna Kb J ypHoBo, 
Kypomarkany u Tpenosy,—Takosb myth sTok Hucxogatie KpHBol, 
KoTOpad OYyckaeTca cb MeTOAHYeCKOH MpaBHAbHOCThW, DOYTH HH 
pasy He MOBHMasch Ha Npotaxesin nocrbagaxh 25—30 xbrs. 
Hajo, OfHako, NOMHETA, 4TO H3MBEAAOCH He TOABKO KayeCcTBO Malu- 
HHCTCBD. Asmbastach H pa6oTa, BOstaraeMad Ha Mamuny. Vi He TagB 
OHO Hpocto pbmMaetTcs,—oTroro 1H MaliwHa HHaye padoTaeTb, ITO 
MaUIHHHCTH Wpyrie, HIH OTTOFO MaNIMHMCTH Apyrie, ITO Mam“ UpH- 
XOMHTCH UHCIOIJHATS BHYO pabory. O_HS sagaqH BoOstaraaAch oOcTOS- 
TCALCTBaMH BpemMeHa Ha MuawrTannxb. Bb apyroe BpeMa H IPH Apy- 
THXE OOCTOSTCALCTBAXS UPHINIJOCh CTaTh Y PHUarOBL MauIHAH Yr. Ky- 
podarkany. Csaow padoty r. HypomaTkHa® BHMNOABAID CTapaTeIbHO. 
Ho Muitant, 6HTS MOKeTH, OUpullels OH Bb YRACb OT OMHOTO 
Wpexmos0menid, ITO Takada pabota BOsMOmHA. 

Ilo caopamt KH. Ypycosa, rp. Batre, Bb KayecTBB Upercbaatreis 
cOBbTa MHHACTPOBB, egBa HE Yalb Bb OOMOPOKS, KOrMa y3Hal'b, ITO 
jaa coxbiictpia sayqayam cosa pycckaro Haposa pH JenaptamexTs 
OAH yupextena Taiinaa Tunorpadis. MW, Boo6me rosops, Biorb 
BOSMOKCHS MHHHCTPS, CHOcoOOHHH AbHCTBHTeCALHO YXaCcTh Bb OOMOPORS 
UpH o6HapyenHiw TARHXS OOCTOATEABCTBL, eCIH OH ACHO WpeqCTas- 
AaeTb, Kb YeMY HeCTh UpaBHTeMscTBO, BCTYMHBMee Ha TAKOH NyTb. 
Ilo xpatnel mbpb, ToTs xe BH. YpycoBh OTYCTIBBO MOHHMAID THOeIb- 
HOCTS BTOrO NyTH. Ho BoTb Ha cmbay rp. Batre crap r. [opemntkuas u 
UpHKasatb TeyaTaTb Bb «[paBnteabcTBeHHOMb BbcTHukh» TererpaMMil 
colosa pycckaro Haposa; 3aTbMb ABO AOMIIO JO OTKPLITarO IpusHaHis, 
YTO COW3h—IIpaBUTeIbCTBEHHAA Opranusania. A moka aw4To He MB- 
maerb r-Hy TopembkuHy TOpRecTBOBaTb H YYBCTBOBATb CBOe MpeBoc- 
XOACTBO: 

— Hy, sorb, Morb, B:2 Nyraiuch, OygTo Ha BbcTb 4TO Mponsok- 
qerb. Ojnak0, CMOTPHTe CaMH,—SeMIeTpACeHIA HE CAYAHIOCh, COIHLC 


He MOMePEAO... 
[1panomaute, Kakb BOSHHKIM OCHOBHEIC 3aKOHH 23 anpbaa. Axe 


128 A. TIETPHIDRB'D. 


(MpoekTS OWIb HalleyaTanb sapanbe, kakb ON Ch WhAbw MO30HKU- 
popaTh noysy. Ubi paip wbatere sBecbMa ymbpenHaro obpasa 
MEICIOH WpHUIeIb Bb YRACh OT MBEICAH H3faTb OCHOBHHC 3aKOHEI le- 
pexb MosBIeHieMB wepsBok J\yMHI wH WOMMMO Hes. Paszanacy roxoca, 
ITO CTPaHa COUTETS TAKOH AETh 8a OTKAZS OTS OObManit 17 oxTAOps, 
NTO CTpaHa He UpOCTMTS, 4TO Takie 8aKkOHAI He OyyTb MM'BTb aBTO- 
OMTeTA Bb riasaXh CaMOrO UpaBHTeAbcTBa. CAOBOMb, 3sapaHbe yOb- 
JHTeIbHO IpeACKaybIBadOCh BCe TO, ITO MOTOMb HCNOAHHXOCh Ch 
qouTH OykBatBHOH TOUHOCTLH. VW mpoekTh OCHOBHEIXb 3aKOHOBD OnLz0 
ucyesb. Lo raseTHHMb cBSYbHIAMD, OTh MBICIH YS8AaKOHHTb 98TOTD 
MpOeKTS OTKa8aaca Camb rp. Butte. Ho sBuaca xpadpHi yer0BbED 
Tr. Topemntkaa'’b. 

—- VWanuero... Semaerpacenia ne caysuaoce. Coane Be MOMepKAO. 

Iban psx wbarerei BecbMa yMbpenuaro o6pasa MbIcaeH UpH- 
XOMMNb BL YHACh OTS MBICHH «pas0rHaTh Tepsylo Jlymy». Kpacuops- 
YHBO JOKa3HBaIOCh, ITO STOTh arb TARKO OTSOBETCA Ha TpecTuRb 
BIaCTH, 4TO OH BBEPLHeTh CTPaHy Bb COCTOAHIe AaHapXiA, ITO 98TO 
OyqeTh JIA WPAaBUTeILCTBA HaiatomMs GbactsBii, Ooxbe cTpamlaHxh, 
UBMB <ORTAOpDCKAad cMyTa». DlocrbactBia 6nd Takb OYeBHIEL, 
4TO, TOBOpATh, cam’ r. [opemMpkuHS He pBINAICA BaaTh Ha ceOd OT- 
BbrcTBesHocTh. Huabmaifi nperchyarezb copbta MAHACTpORD xpabpBbe. 

— WM ausero. Semaerpacenia ne cayyuzocb. Coane He m0- 
Mepk.0. 

Y pyccko# o60(HHH MHOTO NPOTHBHAKOBS, MHOTO A CTOPOHHAKOB'S. 
O Heli u38qaBHa HJeTb GoxbMOHK chopb. OAHako JO CHXD Nopd Bch OH AH 
COTIaCHH, 4TO OOmABA—sABAeHie, O6ycAoBIeHHOe BCBMB XOLOMB KO- 
SHHCTBEHHOH KUSH, COBORYMHOCTHIO 4UpesBHyahnoO CIOMAHXDS HH rzy- 
OOKHXS HCTOPHYeCKHXS H SEOHOMHYCCKAXS TpwInAD. HukoMy, KETO 
XOTb CKOIbEO-HHOYAb SHAKOMD Cb WbAOM', He MPHXOLHAO Bb TOLOBY, 
UTO OOMHHY MOMHO «<yNpasqHATb» Ch TakOW R@ ACTKOCTLW, Ch KRAKOW 
WBKOTOPHe HACHeRTOPa HapOlHHXh VIHA «yUpasqHaiH» JepeBpexH- 
CKO€ pocnucanie (Ha: 

«Bb BHaxb yro6cTBa peBusin mpesszarao BO BCbXb CeAbCKH Xb 
Mk01aXb BBSpeHHaro MH'B paioHa UpAcTyNaTb Kb 3aHATIAMb HE pa- 
Hbe 9 yacoBE yrpa»... — 

Ho upnmiu xpadpeny. «WM aavero,—semMieTpaceHia He CAYIHAOCH, 
COIHWe He NOMepKIO»... 

A HoBHiii n36upateabHii 3aKoHb. Cayxa 0 HeMb, Kak’ NpOOHETE 
Mapbl, NOABHIHCh saqosro JO 3 iwna. WM game r. Wasenko BB « Ho- 
BOMb BpemeHa» cuedb HeOOXOLMMHIMD JOKASHBaTb, ATO 9TOTh War 
IIpHBeAeTh BAACTh KE TARKOMY Epyeniw. Ho 3 iOHA Npoxs0MAO. 

—- Hf enuero. SemseTpacenia ne cayaHaocb. Comage He mo- 
Mepk10. 

1907 Trolb Kakb OW 8aBePIMHAD oOXY SKCHeEPHMCHTOBS, KOTO DEINE 
Kak Ob! BOCIIPOHSBeAeCHa CTAapHHHad ckaska 0 MYKAKB Patagzes, 
Hae AMM K.AlaAN'b, H KOILYH. 








( 
XPOHHKA BHYTPEBHEK MABAH. 129 


— Hy, @arzazeiuka, — roBOpHTS KOILYHb, — Bb oTOh mKaTyARS 
BCG AIMa3hI Ja H8YMPYAH. CMOTPH,—HXb HeIb3A Kya 3pA pacwIBH- 
PHBaTS. 

A ®aszazei napaii ropctama Bb 600TO KAaTD: 

— Borb CaM BHIHINIb,—MNO TBOC@MY HeIb3a, a 00 MOCMY MORHO... 

— A 9T0, Paaxaszewnika, — WeHbru. CMOTPH, — HXb HeOIb3A Bb 
HOURS KOU. ,; 

A @agzanei cXBaTHXb JONaTY HW HY HSb CYHAYKA Bb Tew 
Opocare: . 

— Tlouemy nesb3a? Borh BHAHIIb,—MOEHO... 

VM, Takb Kak pa3cTpoAcTBO cOmiatbHOH MaMIAHH AOBOIbHO jOITO 
MOMeLb UPOABIATLCA Bb CAMHHIHLIXE PakTaxhb, mpexje WhMb cA0- 
RHTCH Bh OKOHVATCIbDAHH H DOTpscawmifi HTOrb, TO 9BkcHepaMenta- 
TOPH He WyTa BoobpasHay ce6a moObjutersma. YObquBmuch Ha 
OUMTS, YTO MTOM cpasy He NoOayGaeTcH, ATO HCMOCPeACTBeHHO 38a 
KARINMDb IECHEPHMCHTOMD 3eCMIeTPACeHiA HE MPOHCXOAHTS, OHA He 
IYTA cTalH JyMaTb, 4YTO ATora BOO6Me He OyleTb, a MOITOMY «BCE 
MOxHO». TOHD oKCHeEpHMeHTAaTOPUBh, BB Hayath ocTupomAi, se 1H- 
UICHHHIA OacdHBaro: «Kakb OLI 4ero He BHUII0», «Kakb Ob He Ha- 
CMBMHTS IJeli», NOcTeNeHHO NOBLIMaetca, KpbnseTh AH TepexoluTh 
Bb OTEPOBCHHHIA KAMYS TOPRecTBYMOMAXd DoObguTerefi. = - 

Bo spegena neppof Jlymu ne o6oma0ch 6e3b noKymeHiff, HalpH- 
wbpb, Ha JelyTaTckyo HempHkocHoBenkucTs. He o6oms0ch 6esb ape- 
CTOBD H CCHAOKS 3a OOpallenie Kb AenyraTamb nu Aymb. Crenorpa- 
@uyeckie oTyeTH neppo JyMn HelapoMb sakanyuBaloTca ma10608 
absoeH Arpapesn Babkunok: 

«llomorute! Myaxp mofi 651.1% BHIOpaHt oOmlecTBOMS OTBeSTH OOmMe- 
CTBeCHHNH apurosoph Bb Jlymy... Bb jymMb Mymb Onlnb 19 itona. 
26 iwHa ero apecToBatn WH yBe3aH KyZa-To... Tomorute! Tomorute!>... 

Ho Bb Ty nopy, korja Arpadena ba6bkuna B3sHBala oO MOMOMNIE, 
MBI elle cTapaiuch xhicrBoRats ocTopoxkHo. Bo Bpemena BTOpoi 
AyMbI MH cTaau xpadpbe. HM 20 anpbiua 1907 r. Bb «Kiescsoms 
Toaoch», Halp., NOABHAach 8aMbrKa: 

«MberHow aqmunuctpaniefi 0 ayyenb Qapkyispb MHHHCTpa BHY- 
TPeHHUXDE AbIb 0Ob ycTaHOBIeHin HAAZ0pa 3a FSATeABHUCTbWO JeMNy- 
TATOBD, UpibskaBlunxb Ha pomuHy BO Bpema Ilacxu». 

Tellepb BlacTh cOBCBM OTXPOBeHHA: 

«Ha Bbaopbosoupn (Yparp) 3azoab npibxasmemy senytary 
yperTbei Jyunt Rocopotony 6n10 npexzoxKeno Nosunie «mo saBoly 
He DIAATDCA, Cb pabowwMH MHOFO He pasroBapuBaTh 4... nocKopbe 
BEY'BXarTb» *). 

VY coschms oreposeHHH COW3AHEM BIacTH: Tr. XOMAKOBL ony6aH- 
KOBA.Ib HBITO BE poXB «Mpuka3sa Hacedtenilo»: «oOpamareca BB /lymy 
BaKOHAMH BOCMpellaerca». 





1) ,Pbub“, 27 non6pa. 1907. 
Aunesapp. Orzbap IL 9 





1380 A. IETPHINEB‘b. 


IlycTb, 10 BaleMy, 910—HeIBNOCTA Cb TOURA 3pbHid HHTepecoB? 
camoro r. XoMa@meBa H Tbxb, 0 YbeH pekOMeHJalin oOnDb us6paHs 
Bb Npercblatein Ayn. A 0 HalliemMy, BC@e—QYyCTAKH, BCe MOH. 

Eme pb 1906 r. Hayatoch aMHHCTHpOBadie «1HI'b, OCYRACHHHIXD 
10 Wb1aMb YepHOCOTeHHHIXD yOiicTBb Hu DorpomMoBh». Ho Bb Ty NOpy 
MH ObldH OCTOpOxALI. HM cepsila NOMHAOBaHIA COCT@aBASIH Kakb On 
cekpeTh, 0 KOTOPOMb NevaTb Y3HaBala H3b YACTHHXb HW CAyTakHHIXt 
ACTOUHH OBS. Torgza H OOBHASeMbIC Bb DOrpOMaxh AepRasuch CpaBALB- 
TOAbHO CKPOMHO. HwH'B caMb MHAHCTpPh wCcTuuia Fr. UWler10BuToBS 
OPPxALiaIbHO Mo Texerpady UpeANHCHBaeTL: «UpiocTaHOBHTb HCI04- 
Hesie NpHToBopa Hab OOBHHEHHHIMH 88 YUacTie Bb RKHTOMIPCKOMS 
norpomb»>. A O CaMO4YBCTIH O4epeAHHXb KabAHaTOBh Ha WOMHAOBA- 
Hie MO#HO CYAHTb 00 HEOKOHYeEHHOMY OKA Mpoweccy O KieBCKOMd 
norpomb. O6BHAseMbIe YrpoRawTb CBUALTeIAMD, TPeTHPYHTD cypeH 
Aame YXHTPAWTCA BO BpeMa cyzeOnaro sacbaania COBepmlaTb KapMaH- 
HHA KpaskH: . 

— Bassi, peOata, Bo Bcw... Boe paBHO Halla B894a... 

Tox Hasa’b MHI el@ YYBCTBOBasH HBEOTOPYH HeAOBKOCTh IIpH 
HAaNOMHHAaHiA 0 poccificko MacnopTHo# cuctemb. Tenepb ycraHoBHAd 
WpasHso, YTO Jake BE MeTepOyprckywo wyOsm4ayw OuOsioreny Heabsa 
BOKTH Oe3b UpexbABACHIA «BHIa HA AUTCACTBO». Ene HesqaBeO MH 
YYBCTBOBaIH HeEOOXOAHMOCTD a*HMupoBaTb, YTO «y Hach BCe NO s8a- 
KoHy». Bs Hos6ps, No cxoBaMB <Pb ux», «<BHOBb HashayeHaHt Kiescrilf 
Ipokypoph Kyxypanost my61n4HO 3axBHAS, TO Bb CBOeH cayxebHOH 
WBATeCIBHOCTH OHD OYACTb PYKOBOACTBOBATBCA eKIapatieh mpembepa 
Crornunna». A Bb sHBaph ezeneift oxpymHWH CyYNb sagBaeHie Npo- 
Kypopa: «<HacKOAbKO MHB H8BBCTHO, UpaBHTeAbCTBO Bb ceHTsOps a3- 
MBHHIO CBOH B3risXb», IPHHHMaeTh KAKb MOTHBS Kb CyeOHOMy 
pbmenio (uo bay Craxopaya, cm. «CaoBo», 15 anBapa). Ee 
HefaBHO C1IOBO WHiOHD CIMTANOCh OcKOpOuTeAbHHMS. Tenepb web 
rocyjapcrseanaro cupbTa fr. Buk. Kapnosb ny6avqno mpexsaraerb 
CKATUPHHOCAABCKOMY TYOS@PHCKOMY SEMCKOMY COOpadciN: «8aBeCTH ONHIT- 
HHXb CHMAKOBS, OPladH30BaTb 00 yb3kaMb CHCKHYH YACTh H B3ATb 
Ha ceOd HHUDIaTHBY 0 ykasaHiW NpaBHTeAbCTBY, KTO H3b AMIS, CO- 
CTOAMUXE Ha rocyfapcTBeHHok clyxOb, CKIOHCHS KB HHCHpOBepRe- 
Hif0 CyMlecTByhWmaro crpos>. WM ry6epHckoe semckoe coOpasie orst- 
qaeTb Ha 9TO KPHKAMH: 

— «la, a, HeOOxO.HMO» ‘') 

Mit OCBOOOAKANCh OTS BCAKHXD ClepRABAWMHXS Haialb A CTaAH 
NoxoOHH TOMY ypaguaKy Cepryxopckaro yb3la, 0 KOTOPOMb HeJaBHO 
pa3ckasbiBaloch Bb raseTb «Cai0Bo [pasibl». OITOTh YpANHHEb BO 
BpeMA CAYROH BBAINACA Bb AlTapb CTapoodOpsayeckaro xXpaMa H 3a- 
KpHu4a1b Ha CBASMLCHHHKAa:? 

— «Th, MYX4Kb,—SHaelb, ETO a?». 


ee 





1) ,PBup*, 28. XII, 1907. 











4 


Ba OYEPEAHHA TEMBI. 131 


Vi BHYHalb CBAMeHRARA 8b alTapaA *). 

YPAAHHED, WSTOHAWULH CBANIeHHHKa H3b alTapA BO BpeMaA Wep- 
KOBHOH cayXKObI, — BOT NOITH CHMROIWGeCKad urypa TOpmecTByH- 
maro no6bauters. Co6cTBeHHo, noObauTeseMb OHS CunTaeTL ceba NO 
HejopasyMbaiw. Bea ero neébaa cOCcTOHTS JHMb Bb PBUAMOCTH IbH- 
CTBOBaTb BONPeKH OCHOBABIM) 8aKOHaMb MH NpaBnsaMs oOmecrBeHAaro 
6uiTis. He wukakofi HY He ONO eMY BPHBATLCA Bb AlTapb A MIpo- 
H3BOJHTb 6es4HHCTBO, KAR HHkaKOH HagoOHocTH He Onta0 yeny To- 
cygapcTrenHaro Copbra r. Kapnosy nyOauqHo UpxHTaamatTh seMckoe 
coOpanie Kb YYHHeHIN NOAHTHYCCKAXS JOHOCOBS,—9STO ONNTHHH 4e10- 
BbEb H 3HaeTS, ITO CCTh BELIH, KOTOPLIA MOKHO WHAATb, HO O KOTOPHXS 
Oa1aropasymabe He roBopuTs. Ho no6bauTexb Notarbh Ha HAKIOHHYW 
Tx0cKocTb. Oxn'b pasorHaaca. Emy neab3a ocTanoBaTsca. H ob AeTHTS 
cTpemraaBh. Hyla,—elBa 1H HYHHO OOBACHATS. 


A. Netpuues. 


Ha o¥epedHBIA TeMHI- 


Pesoanniu Hacdopors. 


I. 


I]paBATeIbcTBO MpPOROARaeTh OCYMECTBIATH CBOW alpapHyH po- 
TpamMy. dajaua, EOTOpyW OHO NocTaBaso ceOb BB aTOK OOzacTH, pP'B3KO 
OTHHYAeTCA OTS TOH, KROTOpO OHO 3aHsaTO Bb chepb nosuTaKu. Tams 
ero XBIO MpOCTO: HYKHO OTOIJBHHYTS MA3BHb HAsAak'b, OTOOPATb TO, 4TO 
OnIx0 YCTYNIeHO Ob HaNOpoMb Haposmaro BOSOyRAeHIA, BOSCTAHO- 
BHTB status qao ante. Koatps-pesoronia, peaknia, pecraspalia — 
TAKOBLI (POPMYAH, KOTOPHIMA OOMleCTBCHHad MEICIb CPABHATCIbHO AeTKO 


-OXBaTHBaeTh COBOKYNHOCTh MpaBHTeIbCTBeEHHHXb AkTOBL Bb 9sTok 
o6asactH. Bnoanb BO8MOAAO, YTO H HACTOPIA NOTOMB BOCMOIb3yeTCH 


ONHUM®S H3B OTHXD CIOBS Jus OOosHATeHIA MepemuBaeMaro HaMH Me- 
piona **). 





*) Lut. no ,ChBeepy*, 12 nera6pa. 1907. 

**) Jipuxenie Hazalb, BOZBpaTh Kb NPOMAOMy—aTO, HeECOMHBHHO, caMad 
XAPAKTeCPHAA YEPTA NOAHTHIeCKOA %KXH3HH 3a DocrbARIe ABa roga. He 1HmMHe 
OYMETb, ONHAKO, 8aMBTHTL, ITO *KH3HCHHEIA Oponecch H Bb ato oOAacTH 
MHOPO CroOKHbe, IBMb PHCYHTD ero O6uleyHoTpeOuTeIbHHA hopMyan. Tak, 
MOCTATOWHO YRC BbIACHHIOCh, ITO eECTECTBEHHLDIM NpeAbIOMb NouATHAaro 
ABHIKeHIA, KAKOG HAOIWAAETCA BS WKH3HA, HA Bb KOOCMS Clyyab HeAb|A CqH- 


TaTb pecTappaniw, BOscTaHOBJeHie Toro, ITO OHO. BoHH packaTHBmeliica 


Qe 





132 A. DBIIEXOHOB. 


CoBepmeHHO HHYH 8afayy WpaBATeAbCTBO BHAyaAeHO ONAO cedb. 
NOCTaBHTb H Telleph MbiTaeTca paspbmATh Bb chepb arpapHHX orT- 
Bomenif. JlbarexbHOCTh ero Bb STO OOAacTH Helb3H Ha3BaTb HH 
KOHTpb-peBolwniel, HH ThMB Men’be pectaspanieH, HH ame pe- 
ake. . 

OT6upaTb Hasalb y Hapoya Bb oToh chepb Heyero, Takb Kash 
HHKAKAXD YCTYNOKb, Rake OYMARHEX,—3IbCb CMY CI'BAAHO He OBO. 
Ilpapya, Manudecth 0 sto# yacTH BB cBoOe BpeMa OnIb. OD 
OHIb w3faHb 13 HosOpa 1905 rogxa, RKOTMa «HeCMHIXAanHasd CMY- 
Ta»—Kakb TOBOPHAOCh Bb HeMb—<lepelia BB cezeHia>. Ho axe 
Bb TY KPHTHGeCKylO NOpy yacTHas COOCTBeEHHOCTA Ha 3eMIN OCTAAACh 
HeNPHKOCHOBeHHOH: ef He BaTpOHYAa Jame Ha Gymarb. Alaa oTcTau- 
BaHia Ke eA Bb HHSHH HEMeCAACHHO OHA KOMAHIMPORAHH, Kakb H3- 
BBCTHO, TpH reHepata cb NyaxeMertamu. IIpoTHBb <CMYTH BL ceze-- 
HidXb», TB Ha sTOTh clyiaH HMBIHCH TOIBKO «APWOIRH», CpeACTBO 
6n0 HagexHoe. Bb BUAY Takoro COOTHOMesIA CHIb, «KMHIOCTh» OHA 
orpannyena HeOosbMIOH cKuakof Bb HadOT2xXb, — UpBM'BPHO OKONO 
py618 Ha AyUIy, ec1a HMBTb Bb Miry ToIbKO KpecTbAHcKOe Hacesesie, 
&@ 10 pascyeTy H& Bech pycckili Hapozb wu Toro MeHbme. Bee aba0 
CBelOCb, TaKHM’ OOpasoMb, Kb WOAUTHYECKOH ycTynkb, A pH TOM Ta- 
KOH, oTUGpaTb KOTUPyW JAA TBXb, KTO JePRATh BAACTH Bb CBOAXD 
pykaxh, poBHO Ha4erO HE cTouTS. He zaabe, kakb BS NpowIwi past,. 
nAB yee NpHimacch OTMBTHTL, 4YTO Ha TOCYAAPCTBEHHOMS OwaReTs 
OTMBAA BHIKYNALIXS Wiatexech HHCKOADKO He OTpasHAach: OH Mpololr- 
Kab Bb Wocrbldie TOA HapocTaTh NpexkHAM' TeMNOMb, Kakb OyATO 
HHKAakOrO H3bBAHA H He Ono... UTO kacaeTcA CONiaABHHXS OTHOMe- 
Hiff, TO OHH ManEdecToMb 3 HOsOpA Hu Ha ioTy He OMIA BaTPOHYTH. 


peakni CTPeMATCA OTHECTH Hacb,—a Bb HBKOTOPHXDd OTHOUICHIAXb H OTHE- 
CHH yxKe,—MHOFO Zaabme TOTO NYHKTA, AO KOTOparoO AOKATHAACL HXH3Hb, C.1B- 
AYA 10 NpeskHemy ucTopHyeckomy pycay. pegzocraBnewxHHA CaMHMb ce6b 
9TH BO.HBI TpO3iTbh CMHITh BCB Upliobpbrenis KYAbTYpH, BCH 3ayarKH rpant. 
WancTBeHnoctH. Yxe Telepb OTb TOTO ,Mpoywaro NpaBponopaaka’, Hab co- 
3HaHIeMb KOTOParO TaKb oro Tpywhaach OlpoKpaTis#y, OCTAaIHCb, MORKHO 
CKazaTb, OMHH PYHHH: OPHAMeHTH! OpaBa OOBaINANCh, WTYKaTypka 3aKOHHO- 
CTH OChINanach, yCTOH ,caMOOBITHOA dopMH* OGHaxHIUCh. CoBepmeHHO SB- 
CTBCHHO OOOsHadncA ceszaBinih H NOAZepRuBaUulih ary PopMy Kyrakb— 
ultima ratio conpemMeHHaro nopsaka. Ecan peakuin we OTHECAAa ele Hach Bb 
QOWCTOPHYECKYIO Wadb, TO TOAbKO NOTOMY, YTO Bb HKXABHH HE NpekpaTaauce 
Apyria Treyenia, cipemamisca He Hasadb, a Buepel’b. Boph6a HOBHIXD cCHIb 
CO CTaphMH, CKONb LOG6b0HOcCHOH HH Ka3zanacbh Obl HaMb peaknis, mpozor- 
xaetcnH. Bb pesyapta1b atoh 6opb6Oh H NoryyaeTcA Ta KpHBas, NO-HeIb3A 
H310MaHHanA A OICTPO HaM SHAK MaACA IJHHIA, KAKYO NpeAcTawAneTh H3b 
ce6a paBHOABACTBYIINaA NOMMTHYeCKOH KXH3HH. BO MHOTHX'd MYHKTAXD peak- 
nid oTOGpada HE TOUbKO TO, YTO ObI1O ycTYUJeHO DOAb HAanOpoMb peBoiw- 
Wi, HO I] MHOTOe H3b TOPO, YTO GHWO BABOEBAHO PAHbMe; BS APYTHX'b — Ona 
HE Cbada, 2a, BHpOATHO, H HE CABMAeTH CKOALKO-HHOYAL 3aMBTHbIXS ycus- 
xoBb. Bt nactosmi MOMCHTS TpyAHO Fae UpeAyr@MaTh, korga WH KAaKb ata 
JHHIA BLIPaBHSeTCA. 








HA OYEPEABBIA TEMH. 133 


& 


ArpapHht crpo# ocTaaicd HeMpHROCHOBeHHHIMb. Cragzo OHITb, 4 pecTa- 
BPHPOBAaTB ero HeYerO. 

VM sHecoMHBHHO, ITO OTHIOAb He pecTaBpaniell MpaBHTelAbCTBO 3a- 
HATO Tellepb BB eToH o6sactu. Ubu me? Ato6m acute On11b OTBBTS, 
nosBoiw ce6b cybsaTb HedoabmMoe OTcTyN#eHie AWGHAarO xapakTepa. 

Haib ThMb Ke CaMHMS ROMPOCOMb MAB IIPHIMNOCh HeLaBHO 8a- 
KYMATECS, CHIA H& CKAaMbS NOACYAMMHXb. A nonmarb Ha Hee Bb JO- 
BOAbHO Oorbmof KoMNaHniAn 0 OOBHHeEHIW BCBXS Hach, EAKD coodule- 
CTB8, Bb HaMbpenHin HHCOpOBeprHyTb cymectTByiomiff crpo# yTemM> 
YHHUTOReHIA GacTHoH coOcTBeHHOCTH Ha 8eMAW. [I pasHawcs, rpbwmens 
A Bb OTOMb: melanie HSMBAHTb Bb OTOMb HalpaBsenin arpapuuii 
CTpol y MCHA €CTb, — CAMO BalyIIeBHOe, MORHO CkaszaTb, Reranie. 
HavaipcTsy OHO uSBBCTHO H CYAbAMb Bb HOMD A, RAKE HA AYXY, 
upHsHaics, VW Bce-TakH 43 8a,yMaiCa: TO"VeMy HMeCHHO MeHA OHH Cy- 
AATb HW CYJATS Bb JanHOh wMeHHO KOMUAnIH? Hagzo ckasaTb, 4TO CO- 
Opaiw Hach Cb pasHHXtb MBcTS, Bb OOAbMINHCTBB ApPyrb ApPyry HesHa- 
KOMHXS. HKommanis nogo6pasacs xopomas, HO OHA MOraa OBITb 
xyme. «Hucnponeprareru> BBL BCAKie umbotca... Bs wacraocra, 
noweMy HBT TYTb Cb HAaMH, Ha CkaMBB WoscyAuMEIXD, IT. A. Croau- 
nuHa? Bbab, ecaH ETO HuCHpoBepraeTS OOmecTBeHHHH cTpoH, TO, KO- 
‘HeEqHO, OHb Bb coobmecTBS cb kHAseMB BacnabincoBHM’s. Mab 3a 
HAMH BO BCSKOMB Ciyaab He YrHarscs... ‘ 

Bb camomb xbrb: a xe1aIb OH YHHITORUTH WaCTHYH coOcTBEeH- 
HOCTh BQ SCMIIO, & OHH HCIAWTh YHAYITORUTS COOCTBEHHOCTS OOMLAH- 
HY, WOABOPAYH H 4YTH AM He BCH FocyszapcTBeHHyW. Bec atu BHAL 
COOCTBEHHOCTH OCHOBAHH Ha 3aKOHB H BCB OHH MOTYTb Cb PaBHHIM' 
UpaBoMb cuuTaTbca omopoH cyMecTByHMaro y Hach oOmecTBeHHaro 
cTpos. Camo co6of NOHATHO, KamkeTCd, ITO CCH BEITePHYTb TPA MOg- 
NOpgH, TO HHcHpoBepxenie cKopbe mocabayerb, YbMb eCIH YHHYTO- 
RUTH OAHY. UacTHoBrarBAbyeckuxh 3eMelb Y HAaCh HACIHTHBAETCA 
menHbine 100 Madd. Jec., a AaybisHHxb 601bmMe 130 MHaAL, rocyzap- 
CTBCHAHX®S cBHine 150 MHaI. Rec.,—H 9TO Bb OAHOH TOIpKO EBponeii- 
cKok Poccid, He cinTad HEOObATHHIXS MpoctpancTss Bb CubupHA Hu Cp. 
A3in, Tab anqHo nosemerBHOH cob6cTBeHHOCTH COBCBMB MOUTH ABTS. 
CrpamuBaerca: uel ymbtcerth — Molt van r. Croanmnna — onacnbe? 
OrmbBaa WcTHOH COOCTBEHHOCTA H& 8eMI10 H3MBAMTS Comiat H0e 10- 
xomenie, camoe 6oabmee, 130,000 cobcTrBeHHHKOBS, @ YHUITOReHIe 
OCOMMHHOH H TOABOpHOH—3aTpOHeTh MHOFOMH-AIIOHHYO MAaCccy Hapora. 
Ficaa 9T0 morpacenie, TO sarbaHnoe PY. CTOAHIMHAIMD, Kasatocb OH, 
HeECPaBHeHAO CHIbH Be. ['xapnoe me: A eDle TOABKO MeuTaW OOD ocy- 
MLeEcTBAeHiH CBOeTO 11aHa H CaMOe HOAbIMee, eCim eFO NponvBB]yN, 
a rr. CTOJHMHHD Cb KH. BacHIbunKOBLUMB CBO WiaHb ye ocyiie- 
crBisorh. ABiCTBHTeAbHHIe-TO peBONIOMiOHepH, BHXOIHTb, OHA, MBI 

3Ke WpOCTO-Ha-MpocTo «MeuTateam»... Li Ha CleTb CKAMBA NOACYAHMHXS 
BM, Kasal0ch OH, JOIRHO MpHHallexaTb HeCOMHSHHOe MepBeH- 
CTBO... 


134 A. TIRIMIEXOHOBD. 


Ecan6h A ObLIb DPOKYpOpoMt, TO Ha DOCTaBICHHHA BHMe BO- 
Ipocb, GBMb 8aHATO Bb HAacTOAMee BPeMA UPaBHTeABCTBO Bb arpap- 
HoH chepb, a, He kodeOASCh HH OOH MHHYTH, OTBBIHAD OW: HHC- 
npobepxesiems cymlecTByboWaro o6mecTBseswaro cTpos. Ho Takb kakb 
A He UPOKYpopb H TepMHHOMOTIA YrOsOBHArO y1oReHia He UpescTa-- 
BAdeTCA MAB JOCTATOIHO yAaHOH, To zag OOosHauenia oTol WhaTeAb- 
HOCTH IIPHXOJM4TCH HCKATb Apyroe BHpaxegie... 

Bb Depioys nepBaro MeXAYAYMbA MHS IpAWIOCh ye WucaTh 061 
arpapHo# NoauTHRB HHEBOASTO UPaBHTeALCTBAa, Bb TO BPeMA TOABEKO 
ele onpesbaspmelica. [lepesoporh, kako saqyMau0 MHHHCTEPCTBO 
Bb oTOh chepb, A HasBalb TOra «peBosNHnieh HacbopoTh» *). Aymaw, 
4TO H Tellepb Ayame BCero 6yAeTh COXPaHATh SOTO BLIPakeHie, ciblaBL 
Ha eFO C¥UeTh KO0C-kakiA NOSCHeHIS. 

Buiie &€ yOOMABYIb, 4TO ABATCADHOCTL I1paBHTeALCTBA Bb arpap- 
HoH chepb Heabsa HasBaTbh peaknionHo#. Ha otoms a u ceftyach Ha- 
CTaHBal),—He NOTOMY, OAHAKO, ITO PeBOINNMIA HeECOBMBCTHMA Cb peak- 
nie. Peposnib BOSMOXHO NpOHsBecTH H Biepesb uw Hasal’b, BoOOMe 
BB wo06yw cropony. boabme toro: korga 60i1rapH mporsaan AseKCaH- 
apa BatresG6eprckaro H BOsBeIH Ha TpOHb PepsuBanza HKobyprcsaro, 
TO, MOKHO CKa8aTb, OHH UpPousBead pepolwniw. Bs bicTBuTerbHOCTH 
He OHH MPOCTO-Ha-IpOCcTO DepeKYBLIPHYIsch Ha MbBCTS. TeopeTwueckg, 
NOCKOabKY AbIO KacaeTCA HaupaBsedia, PCBOAWNIH BOSMOXHH BCAEIA, 
HO UpakTHyeckH He BCB O8B OKaSHBaWTCA UpH ThXb HIH HHHXs 
YCIOBIAXS BHIDOIHHMBIMH. . 

Bb WacTHOCTH, JIM Hach DOMaTbCA Hasagb Bb chepb arpapHbxt 
oTHOMeHI pbuluTeabHO Hekyga. IlpousBecTH peBOAWDIW Bb JanHOMD 
HalpaBleHi sTO 3HaGHAO ON BOSCTAHOBHTh KpboOcTHOe UpaBo. Taro- 
TbHie Bb STY CTOPOHY, HECOMH'BHHO, eCTb, H CHAM, TOTOBHA MpOHSBe- 
CTH TakoH DepesopoTt, BbpoOATHO, Hamsuch OH. Ho abi0 BB TOME, 
ITO NOUNTKA BEPHYTb «Jo6poe cTapoe BpemMa» yxe Oba MpousBeseHa 
Bb 9BOJIONIOHHOMS DOPAAKB 4H TOIKY u8b sTOrO He BOO. «[lovedqs- 
TCIbDHYH BASCTb» Hab KPCCThAHAMH BOSCTAHOBAAU, HO OKA3aOCb, ITO 
MHOraro H8B Hef NO HHHBOIBHMB BPeCMCHAaMb yee He H3BACUEIIb. 
BooOme 00 IpestHeMy MYTH BATH HeEKyYJa — Hv 9OTOMY HM'BITCH HeCO- 
MHBHHHA OKASaTeAbCTBa: AaBHO yRe HayalHCch TOI0Ab a Sespa6bo- 
THO& H BUepexH OCTaeTCA OHO AHIb KiagOume. Takb uiH HHade, 
HO HYHHO BHIXOJHTb Ha Apyrylo Aopory. [loqapash wapoxs, KOTOpHE 
BaBOAHOBAICA 10 STOMY CAYIAW, IpaBHTeAbCTBO BHIBYRICHO Telepbh Camo 
BHINOAHBTS 8afayy, HMeHyeMyW peBomoniel. ArpapHH Bompocs Heo6- 
XOJHMO pBUIHTb 10 CYMeCTBY,—Hh OTCPOUHTS CFO, HH YKIOHHTLCH OTD 
ero pbuienia nemMbicauMO. VI BoTh UpaBHTeAbCTBO COOCTBEHHHMH py- 
KaMH kolaeTh Tellepb BHXOA’S AIA HapoOfHO-x0saficTBeHHOK HHSHH BS 
HOBOe pyCcio. 

QO cymHocTH arpapHo MpoOleMH, Kak OHA CHOMHIACh Bh ycse- 


*) Cu. ,Hapoguo-conianucrayeckoe O6ospbuie’, Brin. I. Cn6. 1906 r. 





HA OUFEPEXHHA TEMHI. 135 


Bidxt pyccko# rbicTRuTeALHOCTH, MHS He pasb ye MpuxXognszoch 6e- 
chaobaTh cb wTaTeraMu *). [BB HeOTIOMHHXS 3a1]a4u CTOATS Bb 
STOME clyaab Nepexb HaMH. 

Heo6xoXuMO, BO-Me@pBEIXS, YOPOIATH comiaibHoe WoLomewie Cedb- 
CKO-xO3HHCTBeHHAarO UpOuvSBOZHTeIA, OOesNeqHBb eMy MaTepiaIbAyN 
BOSMORHOCTS BECTH H PasBHBaTh cBoe xosaiicTBO. [1a sToro me He06- 
XOJHMO YCTPaHHTb EPYNHYH aHOMadiN, Kakad HMbeTCA Bb AHASIMBEME 
arpapHOMb cTpob. KpecThsaunh, KOTOPUMY TIpHXOJHTCA Y Hach BHIAO- 
CHTb H& CBOHXDS 01e¢9axb TlaBBRYylO TARECTh CeAIbCKO-xXO3aHCTBeEHHArO 
IpPOHSBOACTBY, JHMM 10 BAHAY ABIHETCA CAMOCTOATCABHHIMDS XUBAAHOMD, 
NOLYYaWOAMB BeCh cAbyeMwH eMy ROXOND; Bb WHACTBUTCABHOCTH Ke 
sTO—OaTpakb, BHHYKACHHHK JOBOALCTBOBATECA CaMoH maaKoh sapa- 
6oTHOH maaTo#. Bech upH6aBnoqHH MmpoJyKTh, 8a CIeTh KOTOPATO OND 
MOrb OW yAyUMaTh H pasBHBaTb CBOe xXO3sHCTBO, 9KCMpONpiupyetca y 
Hero UpaBalluMa KAaCcaMH. Camo coOofi MOHATHO, ITO, MOKA CeAbCKO- 
xossiicTBeHHHH MpOu3BOAHTeEIb OCTaeTCA Ha STOH ABYCMEICAeHHOH N0- 
SHIH, IPOHSBOAUTeIbHHIA CHAM Bb CeAbCKO-XO3aiicTBeHHOH ciepb pas- 
BHBaTbCA He MOTYTD. 

Heo6xouMo, BO-BTOPHIX, OCBOOOMKTS COABCKO-XO3HHCTBEHHALO po - 
H3BOAATeCLA, OOC3ICIHBD CMY BOSMOMAOCTh RUTH TAM H BecTH xosaii- 
CTBO TaKb, rib H Kakb OHS XOUCTS,—DpaBuAbHbe, BIpoweMd, Oy ers 
CKasatTb, rib A kak TpeOyWTS STOrO BIAaCTHHA ycloBia pwHKa. Jas 
STOTO Ke HeOOXOJHMO YCTPaHUThb WAH payh ahoMadtift, CTBCHAWINAXS 
H JYPOXYHUMAXE OPOHSBOAHTeCAbHYW A'bATCABHOCTS HacedeHis. HanomMaw 
TB, KOTOPHIS HEMOCPeACTBCHHO CBASAHEI Ch arpapHbIMb cTpoeM’b,—0 
KpaiineH mbpb, nandorbe Baxaa 435 HuXb. Cb oTOH TOURH 3pbHisz 
HeEOOXOJHMO, Ipexze BCerO, OTMBTUTS, ITO KOIOHHBANIA CTPaHH, BcTpb- 
WaBiiad BreqeHie Bcefi HCTOPIH MHOTOUHCICHHHIA MpelATCTBiA H He- 
OJHOKPaTHO BB HBKOTOPHXS HallpaBleHiaxt BOBCe UpephBaBMascs, 
xXocerb BD Poccin He sakoHyeHa. Pasmbmenie nacezenia Bb TOK Ya- 
CTH TePpHTOpi, KOTOPasd YRC 8aHATa, Bb OCHOBHBIXD CBOHXS YpTaxd 
COXPaHseTh 10 CHXDb NOPb MpPAHYAATeAbHHH XapakTeph, octaBurifica 
OTb BpeMeHB KPBNOCTHOTO UpaBa, KOTAa KpecTbAHb MposaBalw Ha 
€BO3b A Tepeceiaia 00 MpaxoTH uoMbmuka. Buyrpenusa Marpanis 
Hace.leHia,—nepembilenie ero Bb SABHCHMOCTH OTB NMOCTOAHHO uSM'b- 
HAWULMXCA YCIOBIA SEOHOMHGeCKOH KH3HU,—0O HeEAb3A BaTPYAHeEHA, — 
SaTpyiHeHa Tpemyse BceroO POpMaMA SeMIJeBIANBHIA, Bb OCHOBS KOTO- 
PHIXh JeRaTh IPAMO MpOTHBONOAOMALA Haxyala. Tepparopia pasy‘b- 
xzeHa Kakb OM Ha TPH 4aCTH—HalBIBHYW, WaCTHYW A LocysapcTBeH- 
HYW,—pa3ibiena HeNpOXOAMMBIMH, MORHO CKasaTb, pBaMu. Bb yact- 
HOCTH, HaXbibHad 8eMIA, UPeNCTaBAAOMad CaMyH BaKHYW Bb Npows- 
BOACTBEHHOMSb OTHOMeHIH 4ACTh TeppuTOpi4, OyzAyaH sakpbuJeHa Bb 


*) Cu. <«<SemetbHHa HYMIH AepeBHA H OCHOBHHA 3aagH arpapHofi pe- 
popu». Co6. 1906 r. Hay. 3-e, erp. 143—149; «ArpapHaa mpo6sema Bb CBasH 
Cb KPeCThAHCKHMD WBHReHiemb>. Cn6., 1906 r., etp. 71 — 93; «Ha ovepeqBhAa 
rembi», «P. B.», aprycrs, 1906 r., erp. 183—193. 


136 A. DBDIEXOHOB'S. 


IWbIOMB 8a cOCAOBieM'S, NowbaeHa elle Ha MedRie KAOUKH, NPHTOPOReH- 
HH Kb OTABIDHLIME JBOPaMb H CeleHiAM’. JleTKO NOHATh, Kab BCE 
8TO JOAKHO CTBCHATL IPOHSBOLATeIBHYHO ABATCABHOCTA HaceleHis, Bb 
OcObeHHOCTH Tellepb, BS YCIOBIAXd MBHOBOLO XO3aHicTBa, KOA CMEOCTS 
TEPPATOPIH JOIKHA OMNpPeAASThCA PHHEOM', TAKS KAKb OTb HELO 3a- 
BHCHTb, pali0HaJbHO IH Bb KasIOMb FaHHOM cAyyab xosaiicTso 
yrayOuTb WAH eTO HeOOXOAHMO H BOSMORHO elle pacmupuTs... HywHO 
BSakONaTb PB H CHATS TeperopoxKn, as60posxquBMie BO BCBXb HalIpa- 
BIeCHiAXb TEPPHTOPIN, H AaTb HacedeHiND BOSMOMHOCTh CBOOOTHO pac- 
NOIOKATLCA WH 3aTBMB CBOOOAHO NepeMbmMaTbcsa Bb upgibuaxt scell, 
Haxolameica BB ero OO61alaHin, CTpaHH. TakosBa 9sTa BTOpan 8aaqa, 
KOTOPyH #8 ONpexbAuIs, KAKb OcBOOOMMeHIe CeIbCKO-xO3sHicTBeHHArO 
NPOUSBOXHTe.IA. 

PbmuTh arpapHEit BONpOCh, Kak OHS NOCTABICHS PYCcKOH RASHLD, 
STO SHATHTS pexAe BCeTO PBMATS TOKO 4TO YKA3A8HHHIA MHOW 388- 
yaau *). IpapareabcTBo H MbITaeTCA Tellepb 9TO cybratb. 


Bp HacTOAMee BpeMA—rosopHad BO BTOpOA Jymub r. CroawnHH, — rocyxap- 
CTBO y Hach xBopaeTs. Camow 602bHOW, caMow cla60K YaCcThW, KOTOPad XH- 
pberh, KOTOpaa sapalaeTb, ABAAeTCA kKpectbancTno. Emy Hago nomogb. Hago 
AaTh TOAMVEKD OPlahnsMy, COZTaBh NPHAWBD NATALCIbHNXb COKOBD Kb OOABHOMY 
wheTy, H TOr{a OpraHHsMh OCHIETS Goubsnb *). 


MoxHOo coMHbBaTBCA Bb TOMB, YTO GesKopHcTHOe mezabie 10- 
MOU XApBwOUeMY EPeCTAHCTBY PYEKOBOJHTb MpaBuTeabcTBoM. Ke- 
HeWHO, Bb JaHHOMb clyyab urpawTb poss Apyria, Ooxbe. Bbcxis 
iad Hero, cooOpaxenia. TB sarpyquenia Bb HapoqHo-xosaiicTBeHHOd 
HH3HH, O KOTOPHXS A TOBOPHIS BHIMe, CKa8HBaWTCA, Ipexse BCero, 
Bb IpOHSBOACTBB, & 98Ta OOJacTh O1N3Ka H BURA Jake TBM, ETO 
CaMb HHWerO He NPOMSROAUTb. YcTpaHATh 9TH B8aTpysHeHia HeOhxo- 
HMO, Takb KakB WHaye H OTOBpPaTh, Bb KOHIS ROHDOBS, Oyerh He- 
yeroO. Tnapnoe me, H Tellepb BHNOIHHXTh STY IPOBHACHDIAIbHYW PyHK- 


*) Bb nb1omb arpapHaa npo6rzema HecpaBHeHHo, Kone HO, clomAbe. Buaorwt 
VRE BHACHHAOCL, HallpHMBbpb, ITO paHO HIB DOsARHO YeMOBhyectBy, a AO TOTO, 
OHTh MOKETS, KAKIOMY H8b HAPOAOBD BB OTABALHOCTH, UPEACTORTh Takb HAH 
HHade, NOJOMATH NpewbAb pacxHMeHiW OOmMectTBeHHAarO AOCTOAHIA, Kakoe mMpo- 
HBBOXATCH GACTHHMH COOCTBCHHARANH NIYTEMb MNPHCBOCHIA B3OMeAbHOH peHTH, 
npeacrapasomel pesyibTarh KOAICKTHBHOM RA3ZHA HW KOAICKTHBHATO TPYAa BCero 
oOmectsa. JocratowHo acHoO o6o03HaqHlach ota samaya H Depelb HaMH, HO C4dH- 
TaTb €€ HeEOTIOKHOH MH BCe-TaKH He Bb Upabh: He OHA ABAKETCA TAABRHM CTH- 
MyI0MDb pedbopan. Ecan6n pbab maa ToIbKO O penTh, — nucalb yRe A BB <de- 
MCIbBHHXb HYiKJaXb>,—TO, ROHCWHO, MH OFEH AOITO MHPHABCh OM Cb OpHCBOe- 
HieMb CA YacTHHMH cOOcTBEHAURAaMA. Bhab AaMe Cb KASHOKPAACTROMS MH cupa- 
BHTbCA Bee eMe He MOKeMD. MH Heab3A, KOHeUHO, KAaTb, YTOOH AHHABMHee Npa- 
BHTeILCTBO B3AIOCb 3a paspbmenie oTOH 3ayaua. JloctarouHO HanOMHATb, ITO 
cpeaa ero WbaTete#, NoxTOTORIABMAXd OCYMecTBIAeMYHO Tellepb peopMy, OAHO 
H3b CaMHXb BHHHXD MbcTb saHHMaIb r. Cypko, oTHOMeHIe KOTOparO RB ObmeE- 
CTREHHOMY QOCTOAHIIO GHTATCLAND, KOHEIHO, B3BBCTHO... 

**) Crenorpaduyccnia oryeth. ['ocyzapctsennaa Jyma, ceccia Il, sacbaanie 
36-e (10 man, 1907 r.). 





HA OFEPEARHIA TEMBI. 137 


Hi JIA MpaBaAMHXb KIACCOBh cTaxo HeOesonacHo. ArpapHi Bo- 
IpOCh «HeECOMHBHHO, XOTA ON OTUACTH, UATaeTS CMyTY». «fl qyMaw,— 
TOBOpHID Vf. CTOXNOHHD,—4TO H 8OMIOBIANBABNH He MOTYTh He Ke- 
4aTb HMBTb CBOHMH COCBASMH AWJeH CHOKOHHHXS H AOBOIbHHIXD BM'b- 
CTO TOAOLANMAXS A MOrpoMOAKOBD»... Ho ocrabamtb oTo. He cross 
BakHH TB MOTHBH, KOTOPHMH pYKOBOJATCA oluTuYecKie WbaTeIH, 
CKOIBKO TB WSIH, KOTOPHA. OHH CTABATB, H Th CpeCTBa, KOTOPHIMH 
OHM TMOAb3YIOTCA. 


bib npasnterbcTBa—3asdBalb TOTAa Ke fr. CTOAWOARHS — BNoOAnS oupexs- 
SCHHA: NpPaBHTeAbCTBO KeARETh NOAHATH KpecThAHeKOe semMJeBlagbule, OHO Ke- 
uaeTb BHISTL KpecTbAnHHA OoraTHM’b, ocTaTOUnHMD... Ho aia aToro Heobxo- 
HHMO JaTh BOSMORHOCTE cHOCOOHOMY, THYAOAKOOHBOMY KPeCTBAHAHY, T. €. COI 
3eMAH pyccKod, OcBoOoaHTLCA OTH ThXb THCKOBD, OTb ThXd TEDEPEMHAXD YCAO- 
Bi KH3HH, Bh KROTOPHXS OND Bb HAacTOAMee BPeMA BAXOMHTCH... 


CosjaTb EpbokarO KpecTbAHHHa HM CBOOOIHATO NponsBO_UTelA— 
TakOBa, TOBOPA KpaTkoO, WbAb, KOTOPyWH MocTaBHAo ce6b MmpaBuTedb- 
CTBO. 3aqaqH, KOTOPHA OHO HAaMBpeHO paspbmuTb, Kakb BUIATS YH- 
TaTelH, TB Ke CaMHIA, KOTOPHIA CHIbA'e, MOReTS OHITh, SMB ATO- 
aH60 Apyroe, o6ycioBHin HeHsObRHOCTL DepemHBaewaro CTpaHoll Kpu- 
suca. HM cpeazctBa, Kb KOTOPHMB pbuusoch upHObrayTh Aaa sTOrO 
UpaBHTeIbCTBO, MOHHO CKkasaTb, TH Re CaMbIA, KOTOPHMH Cb camaro 
Haiata BOsHAMbpHIach BOCMOAb30BATbCA peBOLIONIA. ITH CpeACTBa: 
SEMIH KaseHHHId, YISIbHWA, WACTHOBIababyeckis... Jia, Jaxe yacTHO- 
BAarbabieckia. XapakTepHO, TO MpaBATeAbCTBO H8EHBH1O TOTOBHOCTD 
Te€peABHHYTA nocabsuia Bb GOIbMIOM Jake KOIMGeECTBB, TMB H'BRO- 
TOPHIA ONN03SHHIOHHHA Daprtig. 


Teneph HaLNCKATL—UpOAOIKaIb UpercbAareib COBbTa MHHACTPOBb—He- 
ME ].NCHHO OpaTsces 3a HezaMBTHYIO IepHylo padoory, HaJNICKATS CUb.1atTh yIerh 
BCBMb THM MANOSCMCIbHAIM KPCCThAHAMS, KOTOPHIO HXHBYTL 3eM1eEABIICMS. 
IIpHaeTcd BCBMD 3THMD MAOZOMCIBHEIMb KPCCThAHAMD 1aTb BOSMOAHOCTh BOC- 
HOMAbZOBATLCA HBB CYMIECTBYHMaro 3seMeIbHaro 3a0aca TAKHM'S KOIHYECTBOMB 
3eMJIH, KOTOPO@ HMB HeEOOXOAHMO Ha JBPOTHHXS ycroBiaxb. Mbl CaAbUMaIH 
TYTb, ITO AAA TOTO, YTOGH! AAT’ BOCTATOYHOe KOIHYCCTBO 3EMIH BCBML Kpe- 
CTbAHAaMb, HEOOXONHMO HM'BTb 3anacb Bb 57.000.000 nec. seman... AH WHppy 
He ocnapHBan. TyTB xe yKasblBasOCbh H& TO, ITO Bb PacNopsxeHiA OpaBu- 
TCAECTBA HAXOAHNTCA TOAbKO 10.000.000 gec. seman. Ho, rocnoja, BbAb upa- 
BHTeCILCTBO TONBKO HeEAABHO HaialO OOpa3s0BLIBaTb BeMCJAbHbIK POHA, BbAb 
Kpecrbanckii OaHkb MeperpyxKeHb Oped lowneniaMa... 


57 MMII. JeCATHHD, WH Jame 601ble Toro, ecaW «IIpHACTCA»: BBAB, 
<A Wahpe He ocnapuBalo». Kors, BbAb, AO Vero LO\OAUTb FOTOBHOCTS 
WpaBHTesbcTBa. Takoro KOAMYCCTBA BeMIH He OObMaeTh KPeCcThAHAMD 
Kame §.-J. mpoekTh we TOIbKO Bb HHASMHCMS, «paspaboTaHHOMB>, 
HO, Domasyi, 4 Bb CBOeMD CPBOHAYAIBAOMD BHA... He supapb In 
a ObLIb Cka3aTb, ITO MpaBATeIbCTRO HaMbpewo MpoOuspecTH Bb arpap- 
HOMSE CTpoB peBolwuiw? 

Usman Re OTANWAeTCA PeBOAONIA, KOTOPYW OCYIMeCTBIACTh WpaBH- 


138 A. IBIIEXOHOBS. 


TCAbCTBO, OTH peBoAWUin, KOTOPad HawaTa Haposom'’s?.. He pBAKO BE 
KadeCTBB OTIMYHTCIBHArO Mpu3Haka YKASKBAaWTh Ha TO, 4TO OMNMOSH- 
WioHHHa MaptTid (30 mapTin MupHaro OOHOBIeCHIA BRIN IMTCABHO) 
HACTaHBaWTh H&a [EPuHYAHTeAbHOMS OTYYRICHIW BEMIH HAH, 10 Kpati- 
Heli mbpb, AOlyckaWTS ero; MpaBuTeIbcTBO Ke H~BCB, KOTOPHIG Ch 
HUM, IPHHMAMIaIbHO HCKIWVANWTL STOTS cnocobs pbilesia arpapHaro 
Boupoca. Ho sto me, BbAb, HecoMHbHHOe HeJopasymbHie. PasBb ue 
Ha OCHOBB NIPHHYANTeAbHArO OTIyRMeHiA NPOHCXOAUTS Bb CHEY YKASAa 
9 nos6pa pacxnmeHie OOM|HAHHIXS 3eMerb? PasBb 10 JOOpOBOAbHOMY 
COrAaMeHi Cb KHPIH3aMH MpaBATeAbCTBO OTOHPaeTh AXE SEMA NOX 
Hepecesennesh? WM passb ne saMblWIseTb OHO Bb ele GOoxbe rpaH- 
Mi0SHHXB pasMbpaxb Cb TOK Ke WSALW MPHHYAUTeABHOe OTAyRTeHIe 
Kakb KHPIH8CKHXh 3CMClb, TAKS H SOMCAb, HAXOAAMAXCA BO BAaTb- 
Hi CHOMPCKUX® cTapomH10Bb? A «He Cb HUM»... COWBSHHKH, Ha- 
upumbps. Passh OHH He MponoBbAyWTS UpHAyAUTeIbHaro oTOOpaHix 
3@MCIb 4YTh JH He y BCBXb HAOpomneBD? LM eta MponoBbAb CANMUTCHA 
BbAb, He TOIbKO Usb Kedifi WOVAeRCKArO MOHACTHIPA; MEI CAINMAasH ee 
H Cb AyMckOH TpH6yHHt. HanoMsi0 NporpaMMy, KOTOPY!O pasBHIb BO 
Bropok JlymbB r. Uypumnesays. 


A yMai,—YroBpopHiIb OHb—4UTO MEI BOBCe HE NOKPHBAMS AyMOW H He 
HapYWIHMS 3aKOHa, CCJIH CKAXEMB KHPrusaMb, ITO TY 3OEMNIN, KOTOPOW OHH 
Teleph Ha BIeCHH, OHH JOIKHLI YCTYOHTb pycckomy Hapogy. Mb Taxxe 
3Qbcb CHHXOIH OTh UpeyctaBuTena KaBkasa, TOBOpHBMaro HaMb, TO MB 
BBOJHMD pyccHpukanio na Kaskasb ThMb, ITO CMOCOOcTBYeMb 3aceleHin 
KaBKasCKHX seMeCIb PYCCKHMH KpecTbhAHAaMA. SI CIHTab, ITO Takia WbAcTBIA 
BOOIHS 8aKOHHH, TAK KAKb BOMJIH 39TH BABOeBAHH He ANA KaBKasla, a IA 
pycckaro Hapoya. Mxoriaf KOHDHCKOBAHANIA 8OMAH DOAbCKie NOMBILHKH DONy 
quau oOpatHo. Mil He CoBIaAeMb HATARKY, CCHH CKAKCMD, ITO 3eMIH, KOHOH 
CKOBaHHHA 88 UpecTyoiesiad MpOTHBd pycckaro Hapora, AOLKXHH OHITE OOpaTHo 
eMY BOSBpaleHH... A noxaraw, ITO, CCH MHI NOATCMS TAKHMS DyTeMb, rpo- 
MAHOC KOJHYCCTBO 3OMCIb OKAKETCA Bb PYKAXb UPABHNTeILCTBA, H COTTACHO 


BAKOHY 3TA SOMA MOKOTS OLITE OOpamena Ha YAOBJIETBOPeHie KpecTbAHCKHXS 
HYXI} *)... 


«WcTuHHo-pycckia» Hayasa, KOTOPHXb UpHsepRABAeTCA UpaBa- 
TCIbCTBO, KAR HSBBCTHO, HHCKOIbKO He MBIaOTh eMy pabckKH cyYB- 
AOBATb AHOCTPAHHEM’S OOpasiaM’, pasb sTO BHTOMHO AIH NpaBsANLAXS 
R1accoBb. Bb arpapHo# cdheph sto ocobenHo 3ambrHo. Joaro MH OH- 
TAIMCh YCTPOHTBCA M0-HplaHyceu. Ho pasb vTO He BHXOAATB, TO 
MOHHO MOUHTAaTBCA DepelblaTb Bce 00-HbMeuKH. UbmMB AatbmMe, ThaS 
Bce OoAbile H OOALMIe BHACHACTCH, ITO arpapHad petbopMa, KOTOpyH 
OCYM[CCTBIACTE TeNeph PyccKOe UpaBATeALCTBO, MpelCTaBAAeTh CKOIOKS 
Cb TOH, KOTOpoh MHoro yse 4BTb 8aHaTO mpycckoe **). Ho BBIb 








*) Crenorpaduy. orgers o sacbyanin Tocya. Aymm 2 anphaa 1907 r. 
(If. T. A.). 

**) ComlInmch Bb AaHHOMb ciyiab Ha op.-you. BaaHMoBHya, ABIAWMa- 
TOCA CTOPOHHHKOME arpapHOH NOAHTHKH DpaBuTeubCTBa H UNTawmaroca Bb 
cpoeH KHHTS aTb HayiHoe. eH odocHoBanie. ,[IporpamMa HAMHXb s3eMse- 














‘ BA OWEPEAHRIH TEMA. 139 


nNocabakee MPWAANa IPHHYAATeIbHAarO OTIYRKeHIA Aame 110 OTHOIMEe- 
Hi? K% WacTHOH COOCTBEHHOCTH HE HCRAMVACTS,—HAMpOTHBh, KAKd 
pasb Tefleph OHO HaMbpeHo aM BOCTOAb3;OBaTECa. Bnosnb BosMomHo, 
4TO H pyccKkoe DpaBuTelbcTBO eme AoHAeTH nO aTOH ToUKRH. «II pH- 
HYAHTeCABHOG OTUyRAeHie>» He MOKCTL CIATATLCA OTINIATCALHLIME 
MPHSHAKOME H BG TOMB Ciyyab, eCHH MBI NOCMOTPHMB HO BIO Cb 
Apyrof# croponn. BosbMemt, Bb camMoMB barb, xoTa ON K.-X. apTiV, 
KOTOpad JO NOcABAHATO BPeMeHH OOHAPYRHBAIA CKAXOHHOCTS BHIBTS 
BL «IPHAYAHTCIBHOME OTUYKMeHIA>» TAaBHOe OTANGIe cBOeH arpapHol 
IporpaMME OTL upaBuTerbcTBeHHOR. [Locmotpute, kyna cefigacb dvpa- 
WMeHb sTOTh MCYB K.-f. MapTiv,—!NO BUAY OFeHb OCTpHA, HO KOTOpHE 
TaeTh BR CX PYKaXb, <AHKO BOCK OTB Inna orna». Bospmate Ne 47 
«Bbctaoaka Hapognofti Cao6oqw>» 38a MuAYyBIMif Toxb—H TaM'b BH 
Haligete coctasrzeHshfi r. KyTaepomb MpoekTh «MOBKYAHTeIbHAarO BH- 
nbia> OOMBHHOH 3CEMAH Bb DOAb3Y OTIBIBAWXS AOMOXOsAeBD. Ecar 
Ne 47 <BBcTHHRa», Kakb KOH@HCKOBAHHLIA, 20 Bach He AOMeIb, TO 
BOSbMHTe Ne 50,—TOTS xe caMnifi BSAKOHONPOCKTh TaMb NOQBTOPeHS 
nocaB TOTO, Kakb OD OHA pascMOTPbAD AyMCKOH paknieli. «Ipz- 


YCTPOBTCABHHIX'» KOMHCCIA,—FOBOPHTS OH},—-AOBONLHO TOYHO COBNAMAeTS Cb 
TeHepeMHAMH yHKUIsMH DpPyCcCKHX®S redepadbHHxt komuccifi. Hakast me, 0o- 
Repmamli Upasnia ANA BHINOAHeEHIA ykKazaHHOA OporpaMMH, 00 mpezMmeTy 
CBOCMY OFOHL ONHZORB KB COOTBETCTBYyWMeMy sakonONaTenEcTBy []pycciH... 
3aKkOHOM’t 7 inHaA 1821 royqa A APYrHMH QONONHHTCIbHHIMH 8&KOHAMH YeHe- 
PANbHHMb KOMHCCIGMR Deperaub OHI pasybib OOMUXb DONPZOBAHIA (T. ©, 
pasubib OOMHHHEIXE seMeIb H pasBepcTaHie cepBHTYTOBb) H YHHITOXeHIe 
qepesNO10CHOH... SakonamMH 27 ions 1890 r. a 7 joag 1891 r. Ba reHepAap- 
HHIA KOMHCCIH BOsIOKeHO, BMBCTS Ch PeCHTHHIMB OaHKOMb H CO3sqaHHOA 10 
sakoHy 26 aupbia 1880 r. aBMenkoH DocenzenyeckoH KomuHccieh, o6OpaszoBanie 
TAKD HA3. ,POHTHHIXS” umbuif. Wlocabanwee coctrouTh Bb DOKYOKS Kpyouwxb 
NOMBULHIbAXDS HMBHIS, pasabub axb Ha HeOGorbMie yiacTKH Hw Nocedeuin Ha 
BHXb KPCCTh4Hb, OPH YeMb CTOHMOCTL 30MIN yoNaBaeTcA BUAaqbILLy 
ZaKJANHRIMA JHCTAaMH peHTHaro OaHka, DOKynaTeib me NoramaerTh AOITb 
ynaaToh Oauky exeroquoh pexsTH. Ecaa o6asntb,—rospopaTs r. Banaumo- 
BHUYb, — ITO TeHOPAIbHHA KOMHCCIA B8aBbAyOTb HBKOTOPHIME JOMeCHaMH H 
OCHOBaHieM, HA WaCTH HXB KPeCCTbAHCKAXD DOceAeHIA, TO NOAyIHTCA OOmup- 
Hafl H Kpafine ctomnag chepa abActBifi, AOBOALHO OH3KO NOAXOAAMAd KB 
TOMY, PaXH Gero YIpeRMAwWTCA HAIMA ZeMJeyCTPOHTeOIbAnA KoOMMCCIN“. (iIp.- 
sou. A. BHAnMOBHYD. ,GeMNOYCTPOHTCALHANA 3alaqw H 3eM1eYCTPOHTeEIBHOS 
BAKOHONATeIbCTBO BB Poccin“. Kieph, 1907 r. Crp. 17 — 18). Kpaiiwe xapar- 
TepHO, 4TO BOUPOCS O ,MepeMBMeCHIH saHATON yRe seMeIbHOH O0Man usb 
ONHBXS PYKb Bb ApyTid pawn coszakia Oorbe UpaBHIbHHXb alpapHblxh 
OTHOMIeHIA Bb cTpaHB* ,vocTaBient aw pbmaetca Bb [Ipyccia nyTem>b co3ya- 
Hist YKASAHHHIXD BEIMeC PCHTHHXb HAMBHIA“, Oph YM, KAKb NMOACHAETL 
r. BHXHMOBHYD, ,TaMb CTABATCA THABHHIMb O6pazoMb HalioHadbHO-NOAHTH- 
ygeckin IBIH—yBenHieHie HBMeukaro KpecThAHCKAarO BeOMNCBIANBHIA HA CICTb 
HOALCKArO NOMBILAIBATO,—HO OONbMIHHCTBO TepMAHCKHXS POcyAapCcTBOHHHXb 
apjeli H OKOHOMHCTOBD CMOTPATH HA HeETO Mape A BHAATb Ha TepBOMb 
Daanh COMiaIbHHIA 3a,aiu—yBeNHIeHie MeIKaro 3emMaAeBIANBHIA Ha CIOTh 
Epyouaro“* (crp. 19 uw 20), Crano OHTb, H TaMb HMBNTCH CBOH ,HCTHHHO- 
mbmenkie* 20H a la [lypumxesa4yt A CBOH conianb-nonnTAKH a la BaswuMo- 
BHYUb, 2 riaBHoe, CBO NPAaBHTebCTBO, COCTORMee H3b arpapieBs... 


. 


1 


140 A. ISMEXOHOBDb. 


HYAHTeCIbHOG OTAyReHie» STO TAKOH MeYb, KOTOPHH cpeAHiA Maprin, 
CIBAYA CBOCMY UPOBHACHHiaIbHOMy HasHagyeHil0, MOTYTb, CMOTPA HO 
OOCTOATEILCTBAMb, MOBOPaiHBaTb Bb TY HAH ApyryW CTOPOHy. JTHMS 
H OObacHSeTCH, TO T. Kyraxept, y kOTOparo NO arpapHoMy BONpocy 
HbTb HHYeFO 3a AyMo#, KpoMmb «NpPHHYAHTeIbHAaTO OTUyReHIA», MO- 
HeTh Tak’ JCTKO MepexXOAuTh 3b UpaBATeIbcTBa BE onnosaniw. H 
TAKOBa Yab, JOMKHO OnITh, cyyb6a r. Kyraepa, yrobn AbECTBOBAaTS 
HeBnonalb: OylyIH BL UpaBHTeAbCTBB, OH NPOCRTHPOBAIb UpHHYAY- 
TeIbHOe OTYyskeHie YacTHOH COOcTBeEHHOCTH, a Tellepb, Bb KayecTBS 
ABJepa ONNOZUNIH, UPOCKTHPyeTb Takoe we oTayaJenie oOmAAHOR. 

Htrs, He BL NPHHYIHTCIBHOM OTYYRACHIH AGIAN MB HCKATb 
pasHuLy. 

I[paBuTeabCTBeHHAA PCBROAWMIA OTAHGAeTCH OTS HapoAHOH, ecaH 
BLIPAsHTLCA EpPaTKO, OJHAM': HalpaBleniemsb... He pasb ymRe ykashl- 
Bal0Cb, ITO MBI HAXOJHMCH BR HACTOAMee BpeMA Ha pacnyToH. IlyTs, 
DO KOTOPOMY Mia JO CHXb NOPb HapodHO-xosalicTBeHHad RU3Hb, OKA- 
SICH UperpakseHHWMb H, Tak HAW HHA, HYRHO NepeOupaThea Ha 
HOBY}0 Aopory. Ho cb Toro NYHETa, H& KOTOPOMS MBI cefiqach Haxo- 
JHMC4, BOSMOHHO CBEPHYTb Bb pasHHA H IPATOMb UPAMO MpoTHBO- 
NOIORALA CTOPOHH. 

Bumie & ykasalb JBYCMHICICHHYN N03H0iW, KakYlO 38HHMaeTh Bb 
HacToOamee BpeMH KpecTbsxHCcTBO. JleTKO NOBATb, 4YTO e8TO COMiaabHoe 
UpOTHBOpbaie MOKETE OLITS paspboesoO Bb PasHHXb BalpaBleniax: 
MOKHO yoHOTpeOuTbh ycnasis, YTOOH EPeCTbAHUA'S He TOAbKO 110 BHAY, HO 
H Bb ABHCTBATCABHOCTH OLLI‘ XOSHHHOMb, MORHO MpelOCTaBATh eMY 
poib OaTpaka, BOZIORABL BefeHie celbckaro xosalictBa Ha Apyrore 
UpequpHHaMateia. He MeHbIIYO aHOMatiW, Kakb MH 3HaeMb, ABIAWTE 
coOUW Bb COBpeMeHHOMS CTpOb Has BIbAHA SEMIM, COCTaBAAWOiA Be 
TO YACTHYW, He TO rocyzapcTBeHHyW coocTBeHHOCTS. Ho A 9TOTh MY- 
YATeCIbHHH KOMNPOMHCCh, KAKUMb HalbInta Hach HCTOpPid€, MOReTS 
OLITh paspbuleHb BL pa3sHbA CTOPOHLI: BOSMORHO CAbAaTh BCH 8CMIP 
AH4HOW COOCTBCHHOCTbIO HIM, HaOGopoTh, BCH ee OOpaTHTbh BB Tocy- 
apcTBeHHYW. 

FKBa-1H HYHHO TOBOPHTb, Bb KakyiO CTOPOHY Bcersa TaroTbre 
pycckoe npapnTreabcTBO. JlocTaTo“HO HaMOMHUTb Bb 3TOMb CayqaBb Th 
YCHA, Kakid IpHtaralo OHO JAA Nulsepmania ABopAackAarO H BOObMeE 
GacTHAarO BEMIEBIOABHIA, H TH ABTOTH, KOTOPEIA OHO BCC BpeMA Mpe- 
wocraBigio nombmtuapemy xosalictsy, a cb aApyrot cropoHi—re 
MaBlenie, NON KAaKHMb OHO HCH3MBHHO JepKai0 KpecTbAHCKYW MACcy, 
GTOOH O6€3NeYHTh TOMBOLHROBD JemeBol padovweli cua0#. Bao cyxb- 
JaHO, KaKeTCA, BCC BOSMORHOe, ITOOM TaTb NepeBbch UpeANpHHAMa- 
TCIJbCKOMY XO3AACTBY Hal'b TPYAOBIM'’D. 

Meata, 40 TaCIHOBAAbabyeckoe XoOBsalicTBO PacUBbrerbh Ha OCHOBB 
«CBOOOTHATO» TPY1a, ZOBIIbHO WHPOKO pacipocTpakeHHad Bb MOMCATS 
OTMBHBI KpbnocrHaroO Wpapa, O4YeHb cKopo paschbatacb. Bupoyem, 
MpaBHTeCAbCTBO Ch CaMarO Hayala He OVeHb Ha 9TO WOAATAAOCh: Bb 











HA OUEPEHBIA TEMBI. 14} 


YCAOBIa peopMH OH BBeJeHH BCHKAarO polka MpelyNpeluTeIbHHSA 
MBpH, ITOOH EpeCThaHe Cb OJHOH CTOPOHH Yepes4ypb He BOSTOpAa- 
AMCh, & Cb Apyro#, uro6H He pashbmaanch HW YTOOH NOMBIMEH He 
OCTAIJHCh TAaKHMB O6pas0Mb 6e3b OaTpakowBb H apengzaropoBs. Llotom 
He Cb oTOW Whibw GHIA NyMeH BL XOX NOWTH BCB CcpeAcTBa, Ka- 
Kid HMBIuCh BL EPBNOCTHOMD apceHaJb... 

Ilepeceaenia sreqenie 25 abTb GnIH BOBCe BaNpeMeHH, a 0- 
TOMb, KOrla CICPRHBATh HalOph KpecTsAHCcKOH# semeIbHOH BYR 
CXBAAIOCh HEBOSMOKHLIM'D, CCIH H JONYCKaIHCh, TO He ABae, Kakb 
Cb paspbulendia 3eMCKHXD HAIAIbHHKOBD, T. €. THX Ke NOMBIMHKOBS, 
HayBibabia SeMAM, BCe BPeMA OCTABISBMIACA Bb YKAa8aHHOM Heoupe- 
MWbIeHHOMD NOAOKeHIN He TO 4YacTHOH, He TO YocyJapcTBeHHoH co6- 
CTBCHHOCTH, ClyxHAM TOH xe WAH MpAKpBaAeHiA KpeCcTbAHB Kb U0- 
MBILMIBUMD XO3AHCTBAMD Bh KAVeCTBB MOHEBOABHHIX'’> OaTpakOBh # 
BHHYRICHHHXD APCHAATOPOBd; BLIKYNANE MlaTeRu, KOTOPLle NPHBASH- 
Bal KPCCTbAHS ED 8eMib, H KpyrOBaa Dopyka, KoTOpoH OM OBIIH 
CBA3aHH MeawAy coO0,—TakoBhl OM WMH, KOTOPHA yrepeuBals 
HX H2, OTBECHABIX'S HMB AH 3Q0.1arBPPMCHHO VOCTABACHHAIXD «3aal- 
HAMH» 3aroHanKaxs. TlowbutuKawa He Tpe6oBaroch Juke apRaga, 
UTOOLI HMBTb BCerya TOTOByIO AIA yupamu padowyio cKoTuHy. Ho 
KHYTH, ITOOH MOACTCTHBATS ee, HMb OLAS UpeocTaBleHb Bb BUS 
noiomeHia 0 Hafimb Ha cesbckid padoTH, ROMM’h YCTAHOBJCHH, Kak'b 
A3BBCTHO, YrO.OBHHA Kaphl Jad HaavMapmaxes. Momuo O6n10 OW 
HAaMOMHATb eMle MHOTO BCAKNXh «Bocmocob1zenifi»y IpeAIpHHAMaTelAMb 
Bb Axb OopbO6 cb TpyMAULHMHCH. 

Ho see 68110 HalpacHo. [lpeaqnpuuHumatezbckoe xo3AficTBo He 
TpouBs10, 8eM1A H3B NOMBULNYDHXS pykB ycoko.1b3a.1a. bab, KoTO- 
PylO UpaBatedbcTBO HadbA1Ocb OCYILeCTBHTb HOCPeACTBOMS BMbiula- 
TCIbCTBA Bb XO3AACTREHHHTA mpouercs, OKABAIACh IOTAMB WyTeMb HeJO- 
ernmuMof. Ho aT0 ne 3HAYHTh, ITO OHO OTBEPHY.10Cb OTD ACA If HKe- 
AaeTb HATH Bh NpOTABUNOJ.OKYIO cTropony. Ty m®e sagaqy OHO Ha- 
AbeTcs OCyMCcTBHTh TeLepb HYTeMb Mpev6pasonakia arpapHaro cmpor. 
M35 ccepp xosalicrBa nentpbh TaxecTH cBOef MOAMTHRU OHO Nepe- 
HeEci0 Bb chepy 3eM.1eB.1a THIS... 

Kpbrkaro KpecTbauHMa Re1aeTh CO31aTb UpABuTe.zbCcTBO,.. Ho sto 
HE 3Ha4YHTh, ITO OHO Kelaerb OCKOOOTHTh KPeCThAACKYIO Maccy OTh 
o6a3anHocTH pabotaTh Ha NeMbuNKoBh. KicaHOnt sto OHO Tab, TO 
mpewmrze Bcero OHO JO.1UKHO Ob10 6 OTOOPaTh KHYTB, KOTOpH OHO 
(pe LOcTaByAO MOCTBANIMD, T. €. OTMBHHTD ModomeHie 0 Halimb na 
ceabckia padoty. Barbero aToro OHO BPY4IO HMb elle Marky, IToOu 
HOFOHATh 3ayNpaMuBmeeca «Ono». Ivcab orkpsitia yxe nepsott 
AyMbl HEOKUAANHO NOABNAACH NPOBEACHHEA Bb MpeMHeM 3aKOHOLa- 
TearbHOMD HopsAKh <I] papu.ia mpoTuBb BOBSHHKHOBCHIA CTAVeKS cpelu 
CEALCKAXS pavownxX'b», KOMMH YCTAHOBICHLI Bb HHTepecaxd oGesneye- 
Hist mombulnUbATO xossiictBpa paboyefi cnaod Takin Hakasanif, Kakb 
apecTaHTCKia pOTH H KalopxKAbia pabor. A we Oyay ToBopATh O enle 


142 A. DSMEXOHOBD. 


Gorbe xapakTepHHxb wu Hepbako eme Gombe CHABHHX'S aMBHACTpa- 
THBHEIXD «BOCHOCOOAeCHIAXb», KOKIA Bb CTOXb OOHIBHOMD KOANGECTBB 
OKASbIBAalOTCA 34 MOCIBAHEe BPEMA CeADCKOXOSAHCTBEHHHIMS MpelUpH- 
HHMaTeIAM’b. Id MCHA JOCTATOUHO OBO JHDIb HAaMOMHNTh, YTO Ollepa- 
iH UpaBuTeaAbcTBa Bb chepb xo3sahicTBa He IpekPaTHAHCh H Tellepb: 
OHB MpOsOAKawWTcA Bb NpewxneM'b HallpaBleHin Hw Cb yBOeCHHON, ONITS 
MoxeTb, oHeprief. [lombuywkb 0-0pexpemy, O4eBHAHO, CIATAeTCA 
HJCAIOMb COAbCKOXO3AHicTBEHHAaTO NpowsBo_uTerg, a Gesb OaTpakoBs 
STOTh HPOHSBOAHTeI; HHGeLO, BBAb, MPOHSBECTH He MOKETE... 

Camo co6vufi moHaATHO, YTO uM Bb cheph semszeBlaybaia, rb Temepb 
COCPeAOTOYeHE! TIABHLIA OMepaniv, NpaBuTeIbcTBO cTpemHTCa obeste- 
YHTb BHXONb Bb TY Ke STOPOHY, 4TO H-Bb cchepb xosaticrsa. Ja, 
OHO OCBOOOAHTS CeABCKOXOBSAHCTBEHHATO IPOHSBOAMTeAR. OHO 3achilAeTb 
PBH H CHAMCTb HBTOPOAH, OHO MNpesOctaBATb Bb pachopasenie Mpe- 


W3BOAHTOAA BCI TeppHTOpiN, HO UpexocTaBuTh ee Ha MNpaBaxs.. 
zaqBok coOcTBeHHOCTH. 


He 6esHopay0qHad pasyaia 3eM61b,—Y4ATAeMb ME BB Jektapailid UpaBa- 
TEALCTBA, Ch KOTOPOA OHO BEICTYNHI0 BE TpeTbeh Jlymb,—He ycuoKoenie 
6yHTa NoqaikaMH—O6yaTHI NOABIAWTCA CHIOH,—a UpH3HaHie HeIpHKOCHO- 
BeCHHOCTH YacTHOH COOcTBeHHOCTH H KAaKb NocAIBACTBIC, OTCHAAa BLITEKANIITCC, 
cosqauie MeIKOA AHYHOR seMebHOM CO6CTBEHHOCTH, peabHOe UpaBo BHIXOTa 
H3b OOUIHHEI H pasphmeHnie BOMpOCcOBh ysyimeHHaro 3eMIenOTbs0BaHiaA— 
BOTh 3a8aiH, OCYMECTBICHIG KOTOPHIXb UPABHTeCALCTBO CYHTANIO H CAIHTACTd 
BoupecamH 6nITia Pyccko& Jlepaasul... 


(Ansoducmenmss cnpasa u 4s wenmpn). 


«Pycckyho Jlepxaby» IpaBuTeAbCTBO, KOHC4HO, ClaceTb H, pasb ymRe 
S8TO HeEOOXOAUMO, BHIXON’S IIH KHSHA Bb HOBOC pycao OporomuTs. M 
Haybibun y3erb OHO paspyOuTs... 


MH COBepmeHHO ONpeABACHHO BLICKasbiBaeM?> Halle HAaMbpenie—saABHAb 
euje BO BTOpoh JiywB kH. BacuabaukoBb—pacuopocTpasHTb Onara yacTaol 
coOcTBeHHOCTH H Ha TY rpoMaAHYNO TeppHTopiw KpecThAHCKAarO seMIeBIATB- 
Hif, KOTOpad MO CHXB Oph oTuXb Onarb Ohiga anmena. My aTo AbMAeMD, 
NOBTOPAN, BUOAHS CO3HATEALHO, ACHOBBAYA, ITO HAYaIO CO6CTBEHHOCTH OA0- 
AOTBOPACTh TPYAL semiebibya H ITO TOABKO Bb CoveTAHIH Cb BITHMb Ha- 
JaOMb TPYAb seMIeTbIbwa NOyiaerb TY IyA0NBACTBeEHHYW CHAY, KOTOpaN 


cnoco6ua UpespatHTb chuyyie DeckH Bb 300TO H POY CKaly Bb UBBTy- 
mi cagp *). 


VM anmb mocab Toro, kakb «chinygie NeCKA IpeBpaTATCA Bb 30A0T@ 
H TOMad CKkala Bb UBSTyMi cazb», BB Poccia NOABUTCA, HAKOHEI'b, 
cBodofa. ITO OO6bACHAID—yRe Bb TpeTbe Jymb—r. Crosman. 


{loka KpecTbAHHHS Ob JeHb,-—Ckasadd OUD, salad MpaBATebCTBeEHHY iO 
Teklapailiio OTh HAaMaOKb ONUOsHMiA, -N0Ka OND He OONATAeTh JHWWOR 
SOMCIbHOA COOCTBEHHOCThHO, MOKA OH HAXOJHTCA HACHAbHO Bb THCKAXKS 
OOMHHEL, OH OcTaHeTCA padomb, H HUKAKOH OHCaHWA 3aKOHB He ZacTh emy 
6lara rpaxkaHckoH cBo6oAH... 


(bypxve anaoducwenmes cnpaca u 6s uenmp?). 


*) Crenorpadayeckifi oryerp. Tocyzapcrpenuaa Jiyma, ceccia Il, 3aebma- 
16 12-6 (19 mapta 1907 roya). 








HA OUKPEIBHIA TEMBI. 143 


BuyatTe, kakbB XOpomo! Cb 8akOHAMH HA& CIeTS CBOOOIS MOXHO, 
cTadO OHTb, DOsomIaTS. ToponuTeces, BO BCAKOMD cayyab, Hesaybws. 


{aA TOTO, YTOOH BOCNOMbsOBaTECA BTHMH OaraMA,—Upoz0nKaIs r. CTo- 
JbINHHb—HYRHA, BSIb, HSBKCTHAR, XOTA OblCaMad MAAR, NONA COCTOATeIb= 


HOCTH. 

Craio OHITb, WpaBb OAL INAepb TelepewiHuXh MporpeccucToBs 
{MHPHOOOHOBAeHDeEBS Tob) ©. Eqpemopb, kKoTOpHi, cchilaacb Ha 
aBTOpHTeTt loranneca Mw.agzepa, enie JBTOMb AOKASHBaIb KaKb-TO 
BL <Mockosckomh Exenessibaunb», 4TO «cB060la UpomBbraeTh Tam, 
ryb mpnroroBiseTca cHpb». «CymectayeTh, 00 eFoO ClUBaM’b, axe 
dbusiotoruyeckoe OObACHeBnie sTOrO sBJeHis... LloqHuMaeTCH Ipo“sKO- 
JHTeABHUCTD CeAbCKarO XOssaiicTBa, yIyamaerca NuTaHie 3eMJesbibua, 
pacTeTb H yupoguBaetca ero OAarococTosgie, UPH KOTOPOM OHS 0CO0- 
6€HHO HaqdHHaeTS WbHUTD cBOOOLy» *). Bupowems, He Ha A’bMna Mios- 
depa cocaaica r. CTOIHMHHS, H Jame He Ha Yr. Eqbpemosa, KoTopnit 
IipH3HaeTh, BBA, H OOpaTHy!O oOpMyay, BHCTaBAeHHylo r. daitkeBu- 
yeMb, & HMCHHO, YTO <CHIpPb pacipocTpankserTca Be3slb Tam, rab 
pacopocrpausetca cBoboga». pu TOMb axe HeH3sBBCTHO, Ha Kakyto 
cTOopoHy 6o1bMme CkIOHAeTCa CaM r. Eqpemost... Upeazchyaresab copbra 
MHHHCTPOBd Hallledb Apyro, coBepmenHO Oe3ynpeyHHi, aBTopHTeTs. 
«Mab, rocnoja, BCHOMHHIMCbh—Cka3saIb OHb—ClOBa Hallero BedH- 
Karo lacaTesa JlocToeBcKaro, ITO <AeHbTH—9TO YekaHeHHad cBoboga. 


[loatomMy — UpOOIKaANIb OHb—DpPaBATeIbCTBO He MOFIO HO HATH Ha- 
scTpbiy, He MOTNO HE AaTbh YAOBMETBOpeCHIA TOMY BPOKTCHHOMY y KaxK7aro 
YeNOBBKa, NOSTOMY H Y HAUlerO KPeCTLAHHHA, YYBCTBY JHYHOH COOCTBeHHO- 
CTH, CTOIb Ke CCTCCTBEHHOMY, KAKb TYBCTBO TOA0ONa, KaKd BueyeHio Kb Upo- 
ROIKeHIO pota, KAKb BCHKOG Apyroe MpHpoAHoe cBOficTBO yYenOBSKa. Bots 
noiemMy paHbme Bcero H Npexye BCero UpaBATeIbcTBO O6eryaeTh KPeCTbA- 
HaMb nepeycTpohcTBo AX’ xoasicTBeHHaro ObiTa H yayiwenie ero A KeACTh 
B3b COBOKYDHOCTH HA BIbHIXS 3OMONb H BOMCIb, DPi0OOpBTeHHHIXd Bb Upa- 
BATCNLCTBCHUHA POH, CO3IaTh HCTOUHHKS DTHYHOA coOcTBeHHOCTH... 


Wiya sTuMh DyTeMb, UpaBATeAbCTBO A CO3JacTb KpBOKArO H CBO- 
6oqHaro KpecTbaHHHa. OHO MHPHTCAH Cb MBICIbW, ITO KOC-KTO H8b 
KpeCTbAHD NepetizeTh Ha xosaiickoe mosomenie, THMb Aerye, 4TO 
sTOTS Kpbosit u cBo6o,nWH KpeCTbAHHHD elle MPATOAUTCS, 


Megkit semenbHn coOcTBeHHUKS — NOACHHAD Yr. CrorbinnHb — Heco- 
MABHHO ABHTCA ANPOMS Oynyumeh semckoH AHHH; OHS, TPYAOTIOOHBHIA, 
o64a2awmifi YyBcTBOMB co6cTBeHHaro AOCTORHCTBA, BHECeETb Bb AepeBHW H 
KYAbTYpy, H UpocBbamesuie, u AoctTaToKs. Bors Torga, TOALKO TOra OvCaHaa 
cB060Aa TMpeBpaTHTca H OpeTBOpHTCA Bb CBOOOAY HaCTOAIMyW, KOTOpaN, KO- 
HeIHO, ClaraeTcA H3b PpakJAHCKAX BOAbHOCTeH H 4yBCTBA TocyAapcTBeH- 


HOCTH H aTpiOTHsMa... 
(bypxue annasaoducmenmu os uenmpnr u cnpasa. Kpuxu: ,6paso*!). 


«II pogast cBow Ayaly vepry», Kakb BEIpasaica Ob MO sTOMY Cay- 
4a «MIbIHEB Oe38b MTAaHOBb», IposaBh ee 8a Olara HICH Be- 


*) ,Mockosperiaf ExenexbubnaKks’, 1907 r. Ne 18. 


144 A. DBMEXOSOBS. 


MeIbHOH cOOcTBeEHHOCTH, 9TOTB Epbunifi uw cBoboxHL EpeCTbhAHHHS 

ABHTCH caMof HajemHOo onopoH ocHOBaHHaro Ha sTOH cOOcTBeHHOCTH 

oOmecTBenHaro Nopsyka. 3a ero cuaHOH NOMBOIMEM MOTYTH COBep- 

MeAHO CNOKOHHO SaHHMAaTbCa «pousBo_cTBOMB». LloxnnNf 4uyBCTBS 

«TOCYAapCTBEHHOCTH H aTpioTHsMa», OHL OykeTh O8abo1eHb AHXWb 

TbMb, Kak OH «UPOKUTh Ha cBbTS, He OTOpsaa cBOHXS posuTetel». 

JoBoibHb cBoei cyab6oH, OHB cb YToplocThio OylzeTh YOBOPHTE: 

a—Oayeps... UnraTe1u MOMBATb, KOHEYHO, STY CHeHKY *): 

Maavuuxs o> wmanaxe, A—Oayeps. 

Maarvvuns 6e3xs umanoes, ITO MYHXHKS, ITO IH? 

Maavuuxs 6 wmanaxs. He MyKHKb, HO semMIeabIelNb. 

Maatyuns 6e32 wmanoes. Hy, 1a H3BBCTHO... MYKAKD! 

Mu scuux, 6s wmanazs, HBTS, semnenbauenb. Myxukb—aro pycckifi, & y Hach 
3OMIEC NBIC... 

Pash pedopMa MpousBoxuTca 00 whMenKoMy oOpasny, TO u_ pe- 
3YIbTATh JOMKEHb NOAYYNTECA H'bMeWKIH. Camo coOoff NoHATHO, 4TO 
OCTAIbHAA KpecTbAHCKAA MAaCCa—9STOTD pyccKili <MaIbUHKS 6e3b MTa- 
HOBL»—Tome NepemBuneTca Ha Oombe onperbieHAyo MosHWil0,—3sail- 
MeTh Wol0merie Bb por’b AbMenkaro Knecht'a. Ecan6nr mpa 9TomM 
NepeABHAeHIH NPOHBOIUNIO KAakOe BaMbwaTeIbcTBO, TO Bauer, pas. 


MH HMB OOSaBeqeMcC, NWoMomeTH. OH CORePIIeHHO pesoHHO pas- 
CYAHTS. 


Maavwure 6 wmanaxz, SHaciib JA. pyccKifi MAaJbINKS, ITS A AyMaw!.. 
Tocnoanub Vextb OxoTHO 6H Bach Bb KHEXTH UpHHsIb. BE poyMa Te 
TOJbKO: BHI Kakb y ceoa cunte? uTo kymaetTe? A TYTb BaMb cehyach BOH- 


NOKL QA Chat ba xopemifi AanyTb, a NBGia—zaKxe Bb 6yAHH YTOpoXb Cb 
CBHHBIMb CaoMD!.. 
‘ 


ABYCMBICACHHOCTH H3b PycCKO wanB8HH OYAYTD TakuMb o6pa30Ms 
ycrpaneunl... pu stomb A nombunkn 6e3b padovell cHanI He OCTa- 
HYTCA. 

Ja, peBoriniw, pa3sb ne1b2a 6esp atoro OOo THCh. 1paBUTeABCTBO 
DpOHSBeXeTH, HO TO.AbKO Bb CTOPOHY, KakKb Pash OOpaTHyH TOH, Bb 
KOTOPY!O CTpeMHTCa pubouiii Hapot’b,—Bb CTOPORY AM4HOH, a He KOI- 


ACKTHBAHOH coOcTBeHHOCTH, Bb CTOpoHY GypxyasHaro, a He TPYAOBOTO 
xosshicra. a 


Penomonia Hacbopors... TaxoBpo @bA0, KOTOPHIMb IpaBATeABCTBO 
3AHATO TeNepb BB arpapHoi chepb. ORO cpaBHHTeIbHO MazO MpHBIe- 
RaeTh Kb CeOB OOneCTReEHHOe BAHMAHIe,—nocablwee MBIWROMD WOUTH 
cocpeyoToyenO Ra NounTHyeckoh peaknin. Mexay Thumb ota peaknis, 

- CKOIb OB NOObAOHOCHOH OHA BL AHHLIA MOMeCHTb BH SBIHAAaCh H 
Kak OM jAaleko Ha3salb OHA Hach HA O7TOpocHaa, UpeACcTaBaser 
3aBbI0MO Opexoasiuee HBaAeHie. JTO—He pbwenie BONpOca, a TO.IBEO 
OTCpouka. 


BuipaecTh HHOrsa, ITO pKa, BCTpSTuBIDHCh Cb Uperpago#, Haqu- 


*) M. E. Caatrurkons (H. Ulexpuut). 3a py6exem. 














HA OUEPEABHIA TEMA. 145 


HaeTbh Tew Kakb OypzTO BcnaTb. He TO Re AM CaMOe MPOHCXOAATS 
celivach Bb NoanTAyecKkoH musHH Poccin? 


H sors, 
PbabeTb Mrada HeHacTHof HOUH, 
H 6152nnA enh yRb HacTaert... 
YuacablA yep! 
Hera BClO HOU 
' Ppanaca Kb MOpW UpoTHBS OypH, 
He ononbab nxt Synod jypH... 
VW scnopath cTano ef He Bb MO4B... 


u cunt BBTpa OTb sauuBa 
[Teperpax.jenHaa Hepa 
O6parso Diia robspa, 6yprnpa 
H saTonisia ocTposa; 
NMoroga nyme csupbubaa; 
Hepa BaqyBatach H peBbaa, 
KoTaoOMb KNOKOUA H KI1y6Ach— 
H BApyrb, Kakb 3BbpPb OCTepBeHACh, 
Ha ropoas Kunytacb. IIpeat new 
Bee no6bxano, Bce BOKpyrb 
Byapyrs onycrbuo... 
O6NOMKH XHDKRHAD, OpeBHa, KPOBAH, 
ToBapb 3alaciHBoA TOproBiH 
Tloxatke ObHOA HAMeTE; 
I'poszoi cHeceHHHe sO0cTH, 
[po6a cb pasMbitaro Klaz6nua 
Ilnusyt> no yaunam'!.. 

Hapoas 
Spats Boxifi robsb HW Kashh RET, 
Yasui! Bee rHOHeT... 


Ho pba MH xe 3HaeMb, ITO PREM Hasag’s TeY He MOTYTb *). 
Bona oporbers mperpazy,—zame ecauOst oTO Ohia caMad UpouHnad, 
COOpyKeHHAaAA 10 BCBMb UpPaBHlaMb CTPOHTeIbHAarO HCBYCCTBA, X0- 
Tua. M eto, nyrawmee cefivach Hach, paspymuTesbHoe TeqeHie, K0- 
Topoe TOTOBO BCe CHECTH BS CBOeM’S NONATHOME Obrb, — Teyenie M0- 
BepxXHocTHoe. BHusy NOTOKS MO-npexHeMy CTPeMUTCH BiepeAb, — Bb 
mapokoe mope. Cb KaxXIHM'S YACOMb YBCIHYHBACTCA KOIHYECTBO 3a- 
JepxanHolt BOA H yCHAMBaeTcCaA ef Hanopb Ha Operpasy. Ona ompo- 
KHHCTS WocabswwOW cBoef maccoi... 

Ecau, koHeuHO, Bona He Hafizerh ce6b zpyroro croxa... [poptiTs 
Tako cTOKb H CIbUUTS Tenepb UpaBuTerbcTBO. OHO HagbeTca cuactH 





*) HanoMHW Upyroro nosTa, KOTOpHA oOpasb TekymeH Hasal’b pba 
nocTaBHAb BO Tabs HOBLINONHHMBIXD NoKertanili: 


Of, xa6b Bonra-MaTyuika Ja BCOATh nobBkata, 
Ka6hl MOKHO, OpaTUbl, HAIATh KHTL Cb wayawal 


a xaon ronoRHElt BCAKIN WeHb  o6brax, 
a O6aTiolika app Hallb BClO NpaBAy 6H BbAaND! 


Ansapp. Orzb1d Il. 10 


146 A. UBIIEXOHOBD. 


MAOTHHY TBM’, ITO OTBEZeTS KORY. Lpegxcraspte we ce6b, aATO OHO 
ycuberh mpopHits Sepers... Kya Bb TakOMBb c1yyab ycrpeMuTca M0- 
TOKL? BalheceTb AH OHS HACh, XOTA H OOXOAHEIMS DYTCMS, HA BOAb- 
HHH OpocTopb, Bb GesOpemHoe OKisHb-Mope? Hau me, Kakb ABEOTO- 
PHA cpeqHe-asiaTcKia pbEY, 8aTepAeTCA Bb HeOOOSPHMHIXb MeCKaXb 
HYCTHHH? 

Yubpenube, whmMb KOra-1H00, IYBCTBYeTh ceO6a Telleph Upasu- 
TCIbCTBO,—H HMeCHHO BB arpapHoli ccepb. Moanrayeckia uaprin, eme 
HefaBHO HacTOHYABO BHABATAaBMIA Blepexb CBOH arpapHhia Tpedosa- 
Hid, cefivach He pbwaWTcH H& OTOTh CYCTh ake BSAaHRHYTBCA. 
KpecThanckad Macca, Bb SHAaduTeIbHOH cBoeH 4acTH ye pasorapo- 
BabMascdA H Bb CBOHXD HakexaXb HA HAapOMHOC MpeACTABHTCIBCTBO, 
H Bb BOSMOKHOCTA PBIINTb arpapHHii BONPOCh «CBOMMA CpeACTBIAMH», 
WposBiseth G6oxbmyw, whMb korga-1460, MogaTanBocTb. Tocysap- 
CTBeHHaA JlyMa, KOTOpad Jame 0 pyCCKHMB OCHOBHEIMb 3aKOHaMb 
MOrda Ob BCTATh NOMepekb JAOPOrH, Bb HHHBUHEMS CBOCMB BHI. 
Jd arpapHhxh 11aHOBb UpaBuTeAbCTBa, KOHEYHO, He ONacHa. Bee, 
HOBHAHMOMy, OObmaeTS eMY yclubxb: HH cb abel CTOPOHH He Mper- 
BHIATCA HH IOMBXH, HH CONPOTHBICHIL... 

VW mil ch 6oxbme® TpeBOroW, YM KOrga-1H60, OAK CABIETS 
8& YCHIIAMH UPaBHTeCALCTB& PBIUIHTh arpapahii BOUpOCh BOMpekH Ha- 
POAHOMY UpaBocosHaHil H HallepekOpb HapoBHMB uBTepecam'’s. Ha- 
ACK, KOTOPOW MHI elle HOAABHO yTbmaia ceOa, HalexIH, ITO OHV 
He ycIrberb, Tellepb yatb OnITh He MOMeTS. Bpemeuyw y wero, MOBH- 
HMOMY, XBATHTb, 2 JJHX KH3HH AOCTATOUHO, BbAb, Bb TY HIH HHYW 
CTOPOHY NpOCcOuXTLCA,—OTOMS OHA H CaMa ceOb pycx10 mposORurs. 

Oto Hach OHAACTH BE TOH cTOpoHh, Kya KeAAeTH OTBECTH ee 
upapaterpcTso? WM gakb JakekO MOXBAHYAOCh OHO BE cBoeH paborb? 

Docmorpum... 


il. ot 


Hanucarth 4: «N0CMOTpPUMb»—H cMyTHICA... He Takb JerkO OKH- 
HYTb BSOPOMD 9TH pacoTH, BelyMiscd Ha 3EMAAX'S KASCHHHXD, YX'bIb- 
HBIXb, KAOHHETCKHX', YACTHLIX', HANIBHBIXD... SOMICYCTPOHTCIBHHIMH 
OllepalliaMH OXBa4eHh BCH BAaxAbAMIe BHIbI 3eMeIb, OHS packHHy- 
AHCh HA BCH TeppATOPii0O—OTS rpaHu Ilorbmu A Ao Geperosh Bean- 
Karo Okeaha. 

Eme rpyinbe yachuTp ce6b ye JOCTHTHyTHe WMH pesyAbTaTH. 
Cebabuia 0 xoub pedbopMi CKYHLI H paspO3sHeHHBI, MHOTOe BOBCe He 
H3PKCTHO: ONHO COBEPWIACTCA CAHIUKOM BHCOKO, Ha CaMEIXS BepmH- 
Hax'b BACTH; APYrO@—CANIIKOMb TAYOOKV, Bb CAMBIX'S HA3AXb Hapos- 
HOli KUBHH; TpeTbe—H vTO, ONTh MoxeTb, TpyaAnbe Bcero moAaercs 
HAOMOACHIW — Bh TawHHKAXb YeAOBBICCKOH AY, KOTOpad Kakb 
H3L'bCTHO MpekcraBAAeTh BIA HAOAWaTelA «MOTeMEE>. 

Hakoncih, # BOBCC Yb TPYIHO YACHUTA ceOb mepcmextasht. Lo- 





HA OUEPEIJHHA TEMEI. 147 


MHMO TOPO, 9TO PAaOOTH CIOMHE, & CBBABHIA 0 HHXS CRYAHH, CaMBlii 
XON® STHXS paboTs Kpaithe HEpOBeHD: Bb OANBXD WAcTAXS NpPeAUpH- 
HATAH UPABHTeAbCTBOME pePopMa JOCTAaTOWHO yRe OlperbrnsAach, BB 
APYruXb—elBa HAMbTHAACh, BL TPeTbHX — MOMHO CkKasAaTb, eMe He 
 Haqunanacs. Korqa xe ABTS oTYeTAa, TPpYAHO COCTaBASTh CMBTY. 

Haunems cb TOTO, ITO AYUMe ABBBCTHO, AAIbUIe NOABHAYA0Ch, 


Soabme onpexbaHA0Cce... 


Ifepegqo MHOW JexUTH cocTaplenHaa L[lepecesenueckumb Yupa- 
BAeHieMD «CipaBka Jaa rr. wesosb LTocygapcrBenHoh Jlympt», nop 
sariaBiemb: «CoppemeHHoe Mosomenie Mepecelenia WH eTO HYRIH». 
<Copaska» peycraBigers obayw gxury. [lo sTomy Boupocy mpaBH- 
TCABCTBO saOJaropa3scyAHA0, NOBAAHMOMY, JaTb TocyzapcrBenHok lym, 
a@ BMBCTB cB Hef H Nny6auEb («Cnpapka» pasociana no pexanniaM’s) 
CPaBHUTeIBHO NOAHWA—KOHCYHO, Bb ASBBCTHLIX Wpesblaxt,—w BO 
BCHKOMD ClyIab CHCTeMATH3HPOBaHALlA CBBAbRIA. Ja “cama no ce6b 
8Ta OTPactb seMAeycTpolicTBa AyymMe ApPyrHxb olpesbawzach Hf BD 
CBOHXb pasMbpaxh, H Bb CBOHXh pesyIbTaTaxt... 

Cuayara lepecezenis, MOBAJHMOMY, PaSCMATPHBAIHCh, Kab cpex- 
€TBO OO1CTIMTh HYRAY KPecThAHS HIM — 4TO OyAeTh, KOHEYHO, Ipa- 
BHAbHbe—ociabATb eA aBreHie Ha cymecTByIMit LopsjoKs. Boep- 
BHO 9Ta DOTPeOHOCTh ObIIa CO3HAHA IIpaBUTeAbCTBOMB elle ABTS 20 
TOMY Hasanb. Cb 1885 roa, Kakb UBBBCTHO, OTEPHID cBow WbitctBis 
KPCCThAHCKIH OaHkb, AOIReHCTBOBABIIK obaeraants BHIXOIb KDPeCTbsA- 
HaMb H2 nombmw4bE seMIH. Bp 1890 roxy Onan «teratu3supoBaHEl, 
HakOHeIb, Mepecetedis; 10 TOTO Re, KAKb MAB UpPHWACCh yRe yuo- 
MAHYTb, OHH OHH BOCKpeiMeHH: cHayaza NpecabzoBapmliaca upasu- 
TCABCTBOMb H MUTOMS AWM TepmBBWiACA HM, OHH, eC1H H COBEep- 
MakHCh, TO «ABOUHLIMB NOPAAKOM'b>. 

O6a kianaHa Oban 0HakO TOIJBKO MpiOTKPHITH HA IPHTOM'S 
YCTPOeHH OHM ObIIH TAK, ITO BO BCAKIH MOMECHT’S HX MORHO Ob 
SaxAouKyTb. Bb yactHoctH, H3JanHbA BE 1890 r. «II papana 0 406- 
POBOABHOMB Depecexenivh ceAbCKHXD OObIBaTeIeH H MBOlanb Ha Ka- 
SCHHBIA 3CMIH» HAaYHHAAHCh TAaKHMA cC.0BawH: «llepecetenie gony- 
ckaeTCa He HHaye, Kakb Cb paspbilenia Munuctpobh Bayrpensux, 
AéBrp u Tocyzapersennuxt Umymectsp. Juga, npesupiasaBulia wepe- 
cexeHie Oe35 cero paspbulenia, BosspamlawTca Bb MBCTAa IpHMcKkH 
pacHOpsaxeHidMH AJMHAHCTPaTHRHHX'b BlacTel» (ct. 1). Bb Raabe bit- 
mieMb T& H Apyrad Merb, Bb 8aBNCHMOCTH OT HacTpoeHis BLICMHXS 
cpepb Wu MBCTHEIXD ycuoTpbuifi, TO paciMpaauch, TO CYKAUBaIHCb. 
HagaHbyAB pesorwnik 06a Elatana HSCKOAbRO HeEORUMAHHO OBI 8a- 
xgzonHytu. Ilo cayqaw anonckoh notinbl mepecetenid OnlaH 3anpe- 
MeHH,—H 9TO On0 noHsTHO. [lo Tomy me cayqato AbATeABHOCTD 
KPCCTBAHCKATO HaHka Hii1a TO'Ke AmpiocraHoBlesa, — H TOHATb 9TO 


 O66aO, KOHEGHO, Tpyante. Bp bICTBHTeADUUCTH Ke, BL TAUHOMb cay- 
}0* 


148 A. IBOIEXOHUB'. 


yah ChIIpadH pOdb He UCTOIBKO BOCHHHA, CKOIBEO Apyria coobpaxe- 
His. OTO ObLIH BpemMeHa BAagnuecTBa [IxeBe, Korda lpaBHTeAbCTRO- 
WYBCTBOBaIO ce6a OCObeHHO CHIBHHM'b, M 8eMCAbHOe ABOPAHCTBO CuH- 
TalO CBOCBpeMCHHHIMD WepeftH Bb HacTyisenie. JbaTreabHOCTh kpe- 
CTbAHCKarO OaHka, 3aM'BTHO YCHAMBMAsCA ocx pepopMH ero Bb 
1897 ©., BH3HBaia Cb HXb CTOPOHH Opamo BonIK. [piocranosKa ero 
olepanifi, MoTHBUpOBaHHad Bono u HeoOxoxuMOCTbHO OO6xeraHTS 
DpaBHTeALCTBY Apyrid KPCAMTHHA Ollepaninu, 6h1a o6ycloBleHa—kKakb 
Tora me Ci'blal0cb HSBBCTAHMb—xAelaniewb [gere ocraHOBATb 4JH- 
KBHalid ABOPAHCKaro seMJeBIalbuias. Boo6bme ob NHTaIb, MOBHAH- 
MOMY, Hajexmy H, OHITh MOMCTS, Jame YBPeHHOCTb, ITO eMYy HE 
TOIBKO Yactca yAepmaTb crapH opsqoKb, HO HM YKpPBUXTb ero 
YyTb-1H He Ha BBKH. HanoMAW, YTO KB 9TOMY BPeMEHH OTHOCHTCA H 
COCTABICHHHH Bb MHHHCTePCTBB BHYTPeHHHXD JbIb, UpA AbaTeab- 
HOM yUacTid UpOCsaBuBMarocd MOTOM>D, HO TOrJa eme HeHsBScTHaro 
r. [ypko, 0poekTb EpecTbanCcKoH peopl, bab KoTopo# saKxm04a- 
ach Bb TOM, YTOOM yAepKaTh KPeCTbAHD Bb Pankaxb «OcoOsmBaro 
CTp0a», H Bb OCHOBY KOTOpoi—ano mbrxo# xapaxrepucTunh H. O. Au- 
HeHCKarO — Ona MOAOKeHA MBICIb CTaparo seveOHaro ycTaBa, @ 
HWMCBHO, YTO «KpecTbAHCKIA OO1B3HH BS BHIY Xb NPOCTOTH H He- 
CHORHOCTH JOIMHA IBINTLCA AMKOPACTYMMMU TPaBbaMH, cOOupaeMHMH 
YHHAMH WoLeBok crpaku»... *). 

Bau3z0pykOcTh oTOH MOAHTHEH OYeHS CKOpO OOHapyHHAach CB NOS- 
HOW} OYeBHAHOCTHNW. 1905 royb SacTaBHIb NpaBATeAbCcTBO HeMeAeHHO 
OTKPHTL TOT H Apyroi# KAanaHbl, H Ip TOMb OTKPHTb BO BCH, He 
AyMasd yxe O TOM, Kakb OW He BHIYCTHTh Yepesb-Iypb MHOTO HYH- 
Ho womMbimukamMb pabogel cua. 'baTeabHOCTh KpPeCTbAHCKaro 6anKa 
O6H1a BOSCTAaHOBIeHa H paciiapeHa MaHHdegroms 3 HOXOpa 1905 rona; 
NepeceleHis BHOBb paspbUeHH H Jake OObABICHH COBePMeHHO cBO- 
OOAHHIMH BD MapTB 1906 rogza. OTO OAH, MORHO CKa3aTb, HHCTHHE- 
THBHHA JBAReHIA: HYKHO Obl10 CHYCTHTb Napb,— HHAe KOTeIb rpo- 
3HI> LOMHYTS. Toro mbaocrHaro u cTpofinaro sana arpapHol pe- 
(OpME, KakOH DpaBATeAbCTBO OCYMIeCTBIAeTb Telepb, Bb TO BpeMs, 
HecOMHBHHO, He On120. JocTaTOoqHO HanOMHHTb, ITO Bb 9TOTb HMEHHO 
nepiogb r. KytTaeps, Bb kKaqecTBB rlaBHOyNpaBsiAWwMlaro seMAeycTpos- 
CTBOMb H 3eMIe,biiemb, paspadaTHBalb cBOoH Uianb UpAByAATe- 
Haro OTYYRAeHIA GACTHOBIAL‘IBYECKHXS S8eMeIh, MOKA 0Ob TOM HE 
11pO3HadH IT. (BOpsAHe H HE DOMAIN 00 STOMY CayyaN Bose **). 





*) Cu. ,[]pano*, 1904 r., Ne 5. 

*¥*) O6cToATeIbCTBa OTCTaBKH Yr. Kytnepa OHH ONNCaHH] NOTOMB BY. 
»CTpaub*. Jipopane jOmuHEIXD ry6cpHif, 10 CHOBaMD TaseTH, UpOBBAaBh © 
Tpyaaxb KytTiepa, BCOONOMAIHCh, NpAckakastH BB [lerep6yprb u TyTB ce- 
CT&aBHIH DeTHOIN, pbmMABWIYyO yiactb KyTaepa. ,Mb ocmbaHBaemMca AONe- 
KKUTb,---MEKAY UPOUHMb OHCalIH Bb HeH ABOpAHe—4TO Bb Tako# DO npenMmy- 
WecTBy 38eMAeNbIbyeckoH cTpaub, kakb Poccia, arpapHHA Bonpoc’ ABIAeTCA 
H3IMBIMICHICMb PeBO.AWMIOHCpOBb A MeuTATeAcH-O6mpoKpaTOBh, HESHAKONHXS 


~ 





HA OWRPELHHA TEME. 149 


IT. Kyraepy upunisocs nocrb sTtoro 38h NpaBuTerbcTBa epelita Bb 
onnosunin. Aro kacaeTcA 01aHa «<peBOAIWMIH HacbopoTh», TO OHS 
HOSBHACH 103K ): 


Cb pealbHoi KW3HEND cTpauWl. Pycckift KpecTbAHAHD, eCMH He IOPHAHYECKH, 
TO @akTHYeCKH H Telepb DOAbsyeTca BCeA O6pa6oTHBaemMos BB Poccig semaen, 
Y wero Ha noupAmS ABTS KOHKYppenTOoBb, H Ha BCeMb Dpocrpauctss Hu- 
epid HBTS HH CAHHOH AeCCATHHHI, Ha KOTOpOH padotanH OW He KpecTbaue. 
TakHMb OOpa30Mb 3HatHTOIbHblA MpOWeHTb BLIPYIKA CO Bcero FOAOBOrO ypo- 
man H Tellepb NoNaqaeTh Bb KAapMabb KpeCThAHHHA-padoTHHKa. TpyaHo je- 
HYCTHTb, TOOK! AHOA, HPHHABINIA OpasqH npaBlenia, o61aqann HeAOCTAaTO4- 
HBIMH 3HawiAMH H XKuTeACKON ONHITHOCTHIO, ITOOH ypa3syMBTL aTH Heonpo- 
BCPRUMHA UPAKTHYCCKiA TAaHHHA, & UOTOMY HeMYyApeHo, 4TO Bb oOOmecTBS 
pasqawtca rosoca, yTBepaxabmie 6yqTo 6H yrounicckie upoextH rp. Burre — 
BhIpabaTHBaNTcA Cb saTaceHHOH UbAIbwW HeyAAaBMywca Cpew TOpOACKAXd i 
pasdoduxb KIAccOBh PeBOIWUilO NepewecTH Bb cela H DepeBHH, adh BC- 
O60{UMb HApOJHHMb B3pHBOMb BLI8BATb TOTh NOAHTHYECKIA DepeBOpors, Ko- 
TOparoO CTONb HacTOAYHBO AOOHBaWTCA KpahHia peBo.tOniOHHHA naprin“. 
{Iatupyp uo ,Pycckums Bbromoctams* orb 1 geka6pa 1906 r.). Nerunia 
HMBaa NOoAHHIA ycubxb, xoTaA nocabactBia en, DOCKOIbKY ABIO Kacarocs 
camoro rp. Batre H Apyruxd w1eHOBL KaGwHeTa, cKasandch nosxKe. ['. Kyt- 
aepy Ke HeMeICHHO OHO NpeAAOReHO MOAATh Bb OTCTABKY. 

*) Drorh wzanb BiepBhe O11 OTlaMeHt Bb NpPaBHTeAbCTRCHHOMD coobMe- 
Hi NO arpaphowy Ronpocy, noarnHBmemca 20 itona 1906 roma A CHrpanment, 
K&2Kb A36'KCTHO, POKOKYH POlh Kb MAGHH NepRok Pocyzapersennol Ayuu. Bs 
STOMD COOOMEHIA NpABHTeABCTBO, BONpeKH Upeguareptaniamt Jlymy, o6bmarc: 

1) Hepenxats maioseme.1bHHMd KpPeCTbhAHANb, HA BHTOJHHXb WIA HUXb YCAO- 
BiAXt, BCH TONHWA AIA BeMMeTbIA RaSseHHWA BeMIH. 

2) Berbactnie HEAOCTATOUHOCTH KaseCHHNXd 8eCMCIL LIA YNORACTBOPERIA 3e- 
MCIBHOH HYRAN Keel MalOZeMeCIbHOH YacTH KPeCThAHCTRA, KRYUATH BAA TOH me 
WAAH 38 CIETh TOCYARPCTBA OTb YACTHHXdD Blabibdesb LOOpOBoIbHO MposaBae- 
MHA HMA 3eMAH. 

3) [[pogasars npio6pbrenawa 3a cyeTh rocyyapceTsa 3eMIH AY RAAWMEMCA 
BE Hei MAXOZCEMCABANMD KRPCCThAHAMB 10 NSHAMS, AOCTYNAWMND TAA KRpecrThaHn, 
Cb NPHHATICND, BH CAyGab HAaNOGHOCTA, pPasHHNH MexAy udbnof, no KoTopok 
semia npioOpbrena orb 4acTAuXb BlaxbibWeRb, H UbHOA, 00 KOTOpOH OHa By- 
HeTh MpeAOcTaBAcHA KPECCTHAHAM, Ha CdeTh OOMUX rOcyAAyCTREHANXS CpeMCcTBh. 

4) YcTaHOBUTh, ITO BETH, NeEpeAAaBAeMHA TOCVAAPCTROMD MAIOZEMCIBHHMD 
EPecThsHamMd, Hapanns cb Aa*bbAWMH BeMIAMH, He MOFYTS OT NpOABaeMy 
AHTAMS APYTHXb cocsoBi, H UTO HA HHXB He MOryTS OuTh OOpameHh B3HCKA- 
Hit GACTHHXD AMM. 

5) YreagGHTb 1OMONIb uepecerentam, Kakb Jaa nepebaya Ha AOBMA MhCTA, 
TaKb H Ain ObsanexcHia HX HAYS. 

6) Ycranonuth JerkKifl NOpAIORS NpOawA KPCCThAHAMH, MeIAWMAMA e- 
DeCeAHTECH AIH BAHATECA RARAMD-1HO0 He-seMTeENBIRYECKHMD MPOMHCIOM, MpPH- 
HagieXamAaxt AMS Aanbaoss. 

7) YAYIMATS CHOCOOHM ZeMIENOIbZOBAHIA KPECTLAHL Ha NPWHALiemaMAxs 
HM> HHH 3CMIAXb NOCPEACTBOMB pasCe.1CHlA ReAalWMlAXb, YCTpaneHia ypesno- 
ROCHOCTH HabibHWXb semelb BH CBEACHIA MEIRHXh 1OlOCh, HAXOMAMAXCA BO BAA- 
EBHIA OTNBABAWXD KpecThAant, Bb Oobe KpyNHwe 3eMeIhHHe yIacTRe. 

8) [IpasHats, 4To BB OOuleCcTBaXb, KOTOPHA He MpORsBOAHAA OOMHXS Tepe- 
EbAOBD 3BEMIH BTeGeHie 24 AhTb, 3seMeAbHWE YUIACTKH, COCTOAMIC Bb M01b30- 
SAHIN OTLBAbANXDS JOMOXOSHEBD, COCTABIANTh AXb HEOTbEMIeEMYIO COOCTBOHHOCTh 
MB 4TO, cabTOBATEALHO, NepeNbAw ZEMIN BL TARAXS OOMECTBAXL BIPeTb MpOH3- 
BOABMW ONT HE MOLYTd. 


150 A. DBIMEXUHOBDB. 


10 mapta 1906 rogza cOBbTOMb MHHHCTPOBB «O6m30 BCHpomene 
Bucovaiiniee com3pozenie Ha ycTaHoOBdeHie MpocToro x O6mexOCTyOHare 
HOPSAKa BHAI XOMAYCCKHXS CBUTBTCALCTBD BCBMD KABUL Ipi- 
HCKaTb JAd CceOs 8eMIN BL CuOupn, 6e3b MpemBapuTerAbHaro O6cEB- 
OBaHIg HX} S9KEOHOMMYCCKOH cOCTOATeIbHOCTH>. HaananS Ons TOKHMD 
OOpasoMb OTEPHITb Ha pacuallEgy. 


Tnapybamee sHayenie BHOBb yCTaHOBIeHHaro DNOPAAKA—iHTAeMB MEI Te- 
epb Bb ,, CupaBkB* —3ak101al0ch Bb TOM, ITO, BM BCTO HCKYCCTBeEHHArO DO A60pa 
lepeceLeHOeBh UpABHTOAbCTBOMS H KPCCThAHCKHMH YIPCRTCHiAMH H3b H3BBCT- 
HBX paioHOBb H coo6pasHo UpHsHaHiN WBACTBHTENBHOA HYRAW BE Depece- 
JOHiH 0O MANOZeMeIbNO,—2TOTh cu0co6s yayiumenia OnITAa OHIb Upezocta- 
BCH BCBMb KCIAWMAMd. TakHM'’b 0O6pazoMb, OCHOBHHIMS HAaIaIOMs 06pas0- 
BaHid KOHTHHTeHTAa DepeceteHoeBD H pacuperbienia ero 00 pahOHaN® BHXOAa 
H BOABOpeHiA OUPHSHAHO OHIO Bb CAaMOM®>D 3akOHS He YTO HHO, Kakb COOCTBEH- 
Had HHALIaTHBa H OKOHOMHYCCKIA pascieTh kam Jaro NepecensMmaroca XOsAuHa- 
Orob mBpow 6nlua rapasTHpoBana ABAcTBHTeIbHAaN cBOb6OTa OOmaro D0Nb30- 
Bahl AbTOTaMH 00 DepecegeHip... (crp. 17—18). 


I] paBHTeAbCTBEHHHE SKOHOMACTH He SaTPYAHSIOTCA 3AHHM 4HC- 
AOMB YkasaTb H Apyria cooOpaxenia,—nomaszy, eme Ooxbe mupoxia, 
KOTOPHIMH OYATO-OH PYKOBOJHIOCh NpaBuTesbCTBO. 


Coxbficrsya 6oube upaBHAIbHOMy H paBHOMBpwHoMy pacupenbaenin nace- 
AeHiag NO TeppHTOpin rocynzapcTBa—upomeccy, TaBHO yxe nepexHToMy S3a- 
naguoh Esponod, #0 qaueKo euje He saBepmHBmemyca Bb Poccin, nepecexen- 
qeckoe ABH.KeHie —H Upexje BCero OHO—BOACTD kb YBCAHICHID HALIOHAIBAHIXD 
GoraTcTBb, O1aroqapA NPOHSBOAHTeCALHOMY UpPHAOReHiW He HAXOABBOINXS ce6b 
HOCTaTOYHAarO OpHMbuewiA Ha pOAHHS pasoqxd pykb Kb cossakio HOBHXB 
WbHHocTeh, NYTOMD pacwinpeHiaA KYALTYPHOA DAOMAAA 3a CICTS NycTyMOMAXb 
IpOCTPpaHCTBb H ORXHBIEHIA, UPOHSBONHTCIbHLIX) CHIN'S BaceIAOMEIXd PalOHOBd 
ccTp. 14). 

9) Bs o6mectBaxt, NpOHSBOAAMUXD NepexbIn SeNAH, UPCAOCTABATh OTABIE- 
HHMb KpeCThAHaMb OpaBbO BHATH H3b OOmeECTBa H YKpPboHTh 3a cO60N BB CROM 
WacTHYW COOCTBEHHOCTL yYUacTRH OOMBHHOA 3eMAH, COXpaHHBD 3a cO60H upaBso 
BHKYD&aTb SCMCAbHHE YUACTRH BHXOASIEXE H8b CA COCTABA YACHOBD, YULATRBS 
UMD HXb CTOHMOCTL ACHEaMe. 

10) [I[pexoetasats seMeabHHMS OOMECTRAMD UpaBO BONS caMOcTOATeAbHO 
pacnhOpaRathed UPBHAAACKAMAMH AMS SCMIGMH, OFPAaHHYHBD NpaBwuTeAbCTBeH- 
HHA Hasopb Habzioneniemt 8a Thumb, ITOOW OOmecTBa He Hapymaam Tpe6oBaHil 
3aKOna. 

Hakb BHJATS YHTATCAH, Bb OTHXb JeCATH UYHRTAXb COACPARATCH, MORO 
CKazaTb, BCH OCyMecTBlAeMad Tellepb lporpamMe. HamwbyenHw game eH JeTaln 
(Bponb 24-xp abruaro cpoka), koTOphe ObIHKOMD 6HIH DepeneceHhH NOTOM Bb 
coeTBbrersywmie ykaah. Camm. ROKyMeHTL npio6pbraeth, Ozaronapa ostomy, 
0c060 BamHOé—ABOHHOE, TAKb CKasaTb,—HCTOpHYeCKOe 3HayeHie,—H NO TOs 
poi, KOTOpy OHB CHrpalb Bb CyAbOaXxb HapOgHarO NpekcTAaBHTeAbCTBa, H NO 
TOMY 8HadeHIW, Kakoe OHB HOJYIRID Bb AarbHbimeA AhateabwocTa upaBE- 
TOABCTBA. 

Kakb H3BBCTHO, pocnycEb nepsok yun 6yv1b npowssexend DO HHEMATaBB. 
H NOS AaBleniemt Copbta OG6beABHEHHUXD ABOPSHCKHAd OOmeCTBD. Momo 
AyMaTb, ITO H arpapHad NpOrpaaMa HCXOABTB oTTyZa xe. Bnpovewt, Bw 6esb 
9TOrO AIA KaAaro AOIMAO OTS ACHO, OTKYAa NOMAa «<peBOAwWMIA HAcbopoTs>. 
fl cdHTalb He JHUIHHMD HANOMHHTh TOIBKO BpeMs, ROFL NPABATEALCTBO Haqaso. 
OCYMECTBIATh Ce NIAHOMBPHO H COBHATEIbHO... 


é 





HA OYEPEABHA TEMH. 151 


«Ilepecerenzeckoe JBAReHIe —H MpeRle BCerO OHO—BeJCTE Eb YRE- 
XHYCHIN HadionalbHHXxt OorarcTBp»... [losroMy, OYBHAHO, efO AH 38a- 
npemaiH Takb joaTO. MomkHO, KOHCYHO, COMHBBATECA, ITO HMOHHO OTH 
Heorornyeckia cooOpameHia 8acTaBHIH MpaBHTeIbCTBO OO bABHTD CBO- 
Gony nepecensenifi Bb MapTB 1906 roga. Bo Beakoms cayiab Hecpa- 
BHEHHO OOJbDIYH POIb CHIpadld Bb JaHHOMS clyyab WKyYpHHe HHTe- 
pech. HysHo 6n1J0, RAK A YC CKasaIb, OTKPHTS KAANAH, CONTE 
Ch pykb GesnonoHabe o1eMeHTH. A TAakb Kakb HaHnOosbe Gesnoxohnokt 
ABAHCTCA-TOMHTBOa, TO 0 STOMY CAYIaH MOKHO OnI0 OTMBHUTS H 
«IpeyBpapHTeibHoe obcxbsoBanie ekOHOMM4eCKOH cOcTOATeAbHOCTH», 
KakOBad JO TOTO TpeOoBaszach OTH KaRMarO MeAaw Maro MepecesRTHca. 
O TOMb He, Kak 9Ta [TOIHTLOa YCTPOHTCA, CXBA-1H NPaBHTeEABCTBO BB 
TOT MOMCHTS NYMAIO... 

Tlosyube mepecezenia Boman BD OOmi# NaaHb peBomwnin, opu 
yeM HM UpesHasHayarach, NOBHAMMOMY, OVeHb BUAHAad por. IIpemre 
BCerO Bb KayecTBB eMarorwyeckaro cpescTBa, clocoOHaro oTBAeI 
BHHMaHie KPeCcTbAHCKOM MACCH OTS TOMBIIMYBHXS B8eMedb... Cb 9TOIW 
BIB «OOMAPHHIA MWAOMAaIH WAIOMOPOAHOH 3eMIH», Kakia «HMBOTCA 
BB pachopsxenHit rocyqapcrsa» BB Cu6apu wu Cpegnell Asin, Onan HC- 
TOABBOBaHH YK Bb MpaBHTeAbCTBEHHOMDE cCoobmenin 20 ings. TpymHo 
CkasaTb, TOMI Xe HAH NO3qH'be ABHIACh MHICIb MCHOABS8OBaTB Nepe- 
cexzeHia H Cb APyroW Wbabo, a AMeHHO BB KagecTBS depMenTa, Ci0- 
COOHarO YCHIMTb 3CMACYCTPOHTeIBHOS OpomenHie Bb RelaTeIbHOMS AA 
WpaBHTeIbCTBAa HallpaBleHin. Takb HAM HHaye, HO KB KOALY Nepparo 
MCHIYAYMLA 10 BOAOCTHHMD UpaBleniam’s OAM packleeHH TpoMasHHe 
WkAKATH NOS sarolOBKoOMb: «CBodoqHoe DepeceyeHie Ha kKaseHHhsA 
SOMIH»,—1akaTh, HeECOMH'BHHO CHrpaBlliie KPYNHYO poOtb BS Nepe- 
CeAeHYeCCKOMS ABuRCHIA 1907 roxa. O BAX, Kb COBY CkAa3aTb, BOBCE 
He yHOMHHaeTCA BE «CnpaBeb», xXOTa «pacnpocTpaHeHil) BB HaceseHix 
cBbabuifi o nepecerzenin» BB Hel NOcBAMeHa Ocobaa py6puKa. Kpects- 
HHCKOC HacedeHie, COCpeAOTOUNBMee, NOBAAHMOMY, CBOe BHAMAHIe, riaB- 
HHM? OOpasoMh, Ha 8arol0BKb NIAkaTOBh, YBUABIO Bh HAXS sbrae- 
Mit IPaBHTeAbCTBOMB BHSOBE KelalwmlumM’s TepecesuTscs. Mexqy Tbuh 
TeHTph THKECTH HXb cOMepRaniA Temas, HECOMHBHHO, Bb APYrOMs. 
Bb WlakaTaxbh JOBOIBHO MHOFO TOBOPHAVCh O TPYAHOCTAXS Mepecerenia 
H O HeOOXOJHMOCTH HMBTb CpeACTBA Ha 9TO, MPH eM’, Kak’ Ob! MHMO- 
XOXOMb, YOUOMHHAXOCh, YTO NOAYYHTH HYMALIA AAA BTOTO AeHLTA Kpe- 
CTbSHE MOTYTS OYOHS TerKO, NPOLABh HAM 3Aa10KUBH CBOW HALbibAyW 
3CMIIO, TAKb KAaKb H HA STOTS CUETS Telleph AapoBana cBobosa. 

Tlepecesenie, ocpoOomsaa Espoueiicxyw Poccito ors 6esnoKo#aHxs 
SACMCHTOBS, JONHHO OHIO TAKHME OOPa30OMb YCAIHTS Mpomecch yEpb- 
AeHiA Bb AHYAYH CobcTseHHOCTS H 3aTbMB MOOHIBaNiM Harbabnot 
SCMAH, YCOUSMANME XOXOMB KAKOBOTO Mponecca cb caMaro Hayala A 
HO CHXB Mops kpafine osa6oveno mpaBaTesbcTBo. Lepeceszenie 3a cyerb 
pacnupojaxu HaybibHol semau Npescrazisio0ch, BBPOATHO, BHTOJHEIM'S 
MPaBHTeALCTBY HA Cb Apyrof CTOPOHH: 9TO JaBatO eMY BOSMORHOCTL 


152 A. DBMEXOHUBD. 


BEOaBHTECA OT TOALITLOM, He BATPAaIWBad Ha BTOTb IpesMeTh 3Ha- 
UHTOADHHIXS peccypconh. «Jemeno u cepxuTO»—Takb, BBPOATHO, pH- 
COBalach IIpaBUTEIbCTBY 9TAa BEMICYCTPOHTeAbHAA Ollepalis Bb ea Ib- 
xomb. Ho pacueTH eTH He BHOIHS ONpaBsadHce. 


-_— hh _ 


«CBo6oja mepecenenii» wzbicTsuTeibHO Ckasganacb... [lepeceaen- 
weckoe ABHReHIe ZOcTHrAO BE 1907 roxy HeOHBAAWXE pasMbpoBs: BTe- 
yenie 10 mbcatens (00 1 HosOpa) uUpomzo 3a Ypars 555.682 zymn, 
Bh TOMB HCA 410.904 uepecerzenness u 144.778 xoqonoBn *). Kpomt 
<CBOOOIH> Bh JaHHOMb cayqab chirpaia cBOW pOlb H «BalepRkKa>. 
«BnisBaHhad BOCHHHMH COOHTIAMH Ha JaabHemb Bocroxb saqepxKa 
nepecezeHia—TropopaTb aBroph «CipaBku»—jOImHa OHA MpHBeECTH 
Kb TOMY, 4TO BB Esponelicnof Pocciu octaica TOTh WsONITORD Hace- 
reHid, Bb. KOMHYeCTBS He MeHbe 40—50 THCaTS ceMel, koTOpHH UpH 
HOPM@2bHHIX YCIOBIAXS BHICeAHACA OH 3a 9TO Bpemsa Bb CHdaps». 


Bubcrb ch ThMb—4HTACMB MB AAIbie--MApoKoe pacupocTpaHerie Bb 
HapoqHoh maccb yepesb AK, DOGHBaBWIHXS Bb CuOupHA BO BpeMA BOAHHI, 
cBbybHiA 06% ycoroBiaxh xu3HH BD AzsiatcKoA Poccin, o ea KTHMATS HOURS, 
eme 6o1be yOpOYHAO HCKOBHYD BBpPY KpeCTbAHS Bb 3ZOMOILHHA UpOCTOps 3a 
Y paso... 


Kakb OH TO HH ObI0, MACCa BCKOIBIXHYAachb... CosHaBaso 3H Ipa- 
BUTeALCTBO CBOW OTBBICTBEHHOCTh? IIpeAYCMATPHBadO IB OHO Th, 06a2- 
S8aHHOCTH, ROTOPHIA JexaTb Ha HEM NO OTHOMEHIO Kb BTOH BBdyI0- 
paxeHHo#, Bb SHAaYHTeIbHOH MBpb Onxarogapa ero ycudiams, macch?.. 
TopopaTs, YTO Bb cpexbB BHICOKUXS 3eMAeYCTpouTereH RB NocabgHee 
BpeMA BCe OTEPOBeHA'be H PBMUTCAbASE UPOBOSTAaMaerca ACSYHTD, ITO 
3aJaua IpaBHTeIbCTBa YCTPOHTb He JHoZe#, a seman. Ho w panbine 
cyib6ow Ase, He OOAALAWNIAXS ObI0I KROCTHW, OHO He OYCHS HHE- 
TcpecoBai0ch. Takh HIH HHade, HO Bb JaHHOMb CAYIa@bB JOM Okasa- 
AIMCb Bb yRacHOMh ToL0KeHIL. 

[IpapuTeabcTBo OHIO 3axXBayeHO BpacitOXb: He XBaTadO NOABUR- 
HOO cOCT4aba, ITOOH WepeBbesTH STY MACCY IIpHMelMAXxh Bb [BuReHie 
Jel; He XBaTHAO 3aFOTOBICHHHIXS YIACTKOBS, ITOOK UOCEAHTL BX; 
He OKa3ai0Cch JeHerb, ITOOK HX ycTpouTs. Kro cabBluIb FBTOMD 3a 
raseTaMH, TOT 3HaeTh, Kakia ObACTBIA UPHIMNIOCh NepemuTh Mepece- 
JeHlaMb H Bb UyTH, H Bb CuOupu... EcTs ocHoBanid AyMaTb, 4TO A 
cefivach oTH ObacTBia He KOHUMAUCH. «[Loz0meHie OOAbMBHCTBA Depe- 
celennesb Bb Ipusopcxof o6sactH, — TexerpapupoBarh Bb ORTAOpb 


*) 3a upeqbinymee zecaTtaabrie (1897—1906 rr.) o6mee aHcHo nepece- 
JeHNeCBb H XOMOKOBD, UpomeaqmAxd 3a Ypanb, cocrapuno gHdpy 1.387.532 
(nepecesicuneBb 1.030.493 Hu xoqOKOBd 357.039), KoneOach O OTIBALALIMS 
ronamMb orb 44.019 3a 1905 r. go 223.209 3a 1899 r. (,Ilepecenenie wu saro- 
TOBK 3CMCIb AA nepecencuness*. Cu6. 1907 r. Han. Mepecea. Yupapsenia). 
TakumMb O6pasomb yBaxenie 1907 r. no CBOHMb pasMbpams Bb 4 CHHMIKOMB 

N34 NpPeBHICHIO CpCHIOW WAPpy 3& AecaTurbrie. 











HA OWEPEABAIA TEMBI. 153 


ubcansb koppecnoseath «bupxesuxt Bbromoctrel » —orgasHaoe. Cmept- 
HOCTh cpefa Abrefi orpomHas. Ky sumb Maorie nepecereHIh OCTaIHCh 
Bb WalaTkaxh» *)... 

CaMoMy 1paBUTeIbCTBY PesyAbTATH NepeceteayeckoH KaMOaHin Uper- 
CTABAAWTCA ONHAKO AOcTaTOGHO OxaronpiaTHHMA. Ilo xpaiine# mbpt, 
@aBTOPH «COpaBEA» YCHACHHO NOAGepRABAWTS, 4TO usb 410.904 mepe- 
cexeHheBb, Npomexnmaxtb BER 1907 roxy 3a Ypaas, o6parHo BepHyA0ch 
BR TOMb Ke roxy (10 1 Hos6pa)—scero anmb 18.489 pyOIb, & ecru 
CYBiaTb BHUACICHIA, Ha Kakis CHOCOOHH! YHHOBHHEH, H Bb JaHHOM'b 
C1yiab ACKAIOUHTD «TbXb IHS, KOTOPHA Upocabsopasw 8a Y pars ko- 
TIpOKH YCTAHOBICHHLIMDh NpaBulaMb», TO «BeCh pasMbpb oOparaaro 
Tepecesenia BHpasutca BB 11.752 Ay, TO COCTAaBAdeTB BCerO 10 
2,5°/, Upamoro cemefinaro mepecereria». «Takoe yHCIO oOpaTHHx'h 
Tepeceseuhesh, 10 CpaBHeHiW Cb MPOWANMH YTOXAaMH, KOTAAa OHO JO- 
XOAHx0 Jo 20 w Goxbe mponenTos, (cpeAuaa 8a JecaTarbrie 1894— 
1908 rr.—st 16,4°%), omxeo OHITD IPHBHAaHO—O MABBIW AaBTOPOBS 
«CopaBEd»—-COBepmMeHHO HUITORALIMDH». 

Ho oToTb eXHHCTBeHHHAK yrbmateibon BHIBO HYRHO, NOBHAE- 
MOMY, CIHTATH yepesxyph nocnbmanMb. AL we OyAY TOBOpHTS, TO 
CaMad peructpania o6parHaro ABAReHIA TepecexeHDeBd Bos6yaRLaerTh 
HWBKOTOPHA COMH'BHIA, TAKS KAKb 10 TaSCTHHMS HSBBCTIAMS STO ABH- 
KeHie OWAO Mupe, YSMD eTO PHCYHTS OhPuniatbHHa Janawa. Bax- 
He BL JaHHOMS cayyab ypyroe cooOpamenie. Jlanexo He Boersa Depe- 
celeHitl ObryTh Hasalqh HeMeIeHHO 0 NpHOnTin Ha MbcTO. Bos- 
MORHO HW fame BBPOATHO, 4YTO OOAMIAHCTBO H3b HAXD UpAGbraeTs Kb 
S@TOMY KpafiheMy cCpeACTBY AHI Noca’’ TOTO, Eakb AcIpobyers BcB 
Apyrie cnoco6H ycTponTsca Ha HOBOMS MBcTb. Hbrs HwYero HeBSpoaT- 
Haro NOSTUOMY, 4TO OOpaTHas BOAHA CKameTCS CO BCOW CHIONW AHDIb 
BB Locabsywmie rorqH. 

OcedeHHO Gombm0e sHateHis Bb AAHHOM'S CAVIAB HMBETS TOTS Pagrs, 
"TO H8B 4HCla OCTaBIAHxca 8a Ypalomb 390 THCAYS Tepecerennenh 
1907 r. (cocraBiswHmuxt Jo 64.000 ceme#) no 1 Hos6pa OHII0 BOABO- 
peHo Aamb 48 THC. comefi. OcTaqbHiia, 8& HCKINUeCHIEMS YCTPOHB- 
INHXCH Bb CTAPORAALYECKHXS CeNCHIAXDL, OCTABAIHCh elle He BOABO- 
peHonmad. Jo KOHD& rosa Upesnoxaraxoch BOABOpHTS eme 12 THCATD 
cemefi (T. e. oxon0 75 THC. AyMIB). UTO STO 3a «BOABOpeHie», KOTO- 
poe MpoxcxoxuTD 34MOH,—TpyzHo ceOB uw npexctapuTs. Moers 6nITb, 
STHMb HMCHHO COMbAMDL H MPeACTOHT, Kakb CcOoOmaeTS KOppecnou- 
xenTE «<bupmesnxn BbromMocTe»,—poBecTH SHMY «Bb alaTKax». 
Bb TakoMb cayyab, «kiuMaTb» CuOupH uM MOkameTCA, BEpPOATHO, 
COBCbMB HelepeHocaHM’b. Memazy Tb, sTH, He BOABOPeHHHA JO | Hos- 
Opa, ceMbA cocTaBiaiH cBHme 20°/,. Muorie nepecereHuH, KOHeTHO, 
SHMHI He IepeHecyTbh H CAOMAT CBOH KOCTH Ha YyROUHS, HO H 3a 


eee ee = = re — 


*) ,Bupxesa BbxomocTA", 3 oKTAOpa. 


154 A. UBINEXOHOBD. 


Be‘BML ThMb UPOUECHTS AMITb, KOTOPHA BEPHYTCH NOTOM Ha POABHY, 
MOKETh 88 HXb CICTL 3HATHTCALHO YBCIA4YATHCA. 

MomeTb OHb YBCIHYHTHCH HW 8a CUETL ThXb, KOTOPHe OAH BO- 
ABOpeHH] cBoeBpemeHHO. [lo yacTHHm’s CBbUSHIAMD, MHOrie MepecereH- 
weckie yWacTKH Hapbsakhl Bb TAKHX’ MBCTHOCTSXDS, rb 3emze1bAbIC- 
exoe XossficTBO COBepMeHHO HeEBO3MORAO. Kpoms Toro, caMbe yyacTEH, 
HeSaBHCHMO Jame OTL MBCTHOCTH, rb OHH HAXOAATCH, He pBAKO OKA- 
SHIBaNWTCA COBeEPMeHHO HENPHTOAHHMA aA MOceleHis. OTOTO He OTPH- 
HaWTb H aBTOPH «Copapka». Bh aacab «HexOueTOB coBpemMeHHod 
NOCTAHOBKH [epecedenueckaro bla», OHH YKASHBANTb, MeRAY Mpo- 
YHMb, <HEAOCTATOUHOE ROMOCHAOKEHIC MHOTAXD NepeceseHYeCKHXS YAACcT- 
KOBb, BCABICTBie CTO NPHMAOCh BaKPHBATL 218 BoBOpeHia WbIWA 
IrpyQHH YUacTKOBb, OKasaBlytxca OesBOHHIMA, H lake MepecelsTb 
ye BOJBOPCHHHXS Ha HHXb HOBOCeEIOBS Ha HAHA seman» (cTp. 40). 
He xnmHe OyseTS pH STOMB OTMBTATS, YTO Ha 100 THC. AYMeBHXh 
oseH, Kakia OCTaBaIHCh RB Haqaly 1907 roqa OTS 3aroTOBKA NpPeAH- 
Aymaro roja (97 Thc. gone) A sanaca upemHuXxt xhTs (200 THC. 
Konze), UpHxoqus0ch «okOZ0 50 THC. 2OJe#, HeYHOOHHIXS Ara sacexe- 
Hid» (cTp. 19). CKOXBKO TAaKHXD Re «HeYAOOHHXD» WOAeH OKAZAAOCH 
H OKAReCTCA H8bB 290 THC. HX'b, SAaFOTOBACHHHXb Bb 1907 roqy, MH 
He sHaemb. Hayo BO BCHKOMb cCayiab MOMHHTb, ITO 3OMICOTBOAHHLA 
paGoTh MpOHsBOAHAMCh Bb aTOME TOAy Bb BHCMeH creneHH CIBOIBO 
H efRa- AH ocobeHHO TIMaTeAbHO. JyMaTb o9TO SaCcTaBIAeTh, MORAY 
WpowuMs, JemenusHa paoors: Bb 1907 roxy pacxogb Ha 3eMIeOTBOA- 
HLA padorh He JOCTHTAH Jame upesnoxoReHHok no cMbrb cyMMH BB 
? p. 60 Kol. Ha JyOleByH 01; Mey ThMD cpezHit pacxoy, 3a 
upexHie rogH (10 1906 r.) cocrapasap 15 p. 17 k. Ha TY He eAH- 
Hany. ABTupwl «CupaBEH» cibmarh sty JemeBasHy NOCTaBHTb BS 
ARTHBD Wepecedenveckol kKaMNani MHHYBMaro rosa, HO—KTO 8HacTh?— 
He CKameTCH 1H OHA NOTOMB ele Oombwoh BeAHUAHOH BB es Tac- 
euBb. Bo BCaRKOMD Clyyab, axe Thx epecezennesp 1907 roga, 
KOTOPHIe YRC «BOABOPCHHI>, CUMTATh POO YcTpPOHBMMMHCA BR Cu- 
OupH 610 OH NpeaxeBpemMeHHO. 

Bs ene Ooxbe HeOsaronpisTHHXS YCAOBISXb OKa8AaaNCb, NOBUAU- 
womy, xoqokH. Llocrbagaxt mpomao no 1 HosO6ps, Rakb MH BUA, 
144.778. Usb Hux BepHyIHch 3a TO me BpeMa OOparHo 80.400 Han 
55,5°/,, IPH 4eMb H3b 9THXb BePHYBIMHXCA InWIb 15.894 xonoKa 
SagHCiwin 8a cobow 3cmMi0 (100.470 goaeit), u 5.416 xoZ0KOBDB sapy- 
4YHABCh SIPICMANIMH MPHTOBOpaMH CTAapORAAOBE; OCTAIbHHe 59.090 xo- 
HOKOBS BePHYIHCh AH Cb IhMb. KpomsB Toro, 0&010 65 THC. XOXOKOBB 
OCTaBalHch Rb 1 HOsOpA emMe 8a Ypadomb, Uposoimad WOuCEH H 
OxHIad Hapbskw yaacTkoss. [lepecerzenyeckoe yupaBijeHie pas1H4- 
HHMH BHYACICHIAMH H CONOCTABICHIAMH CTapaeTca OCAaOHTh SHadeHie 
ABYXb NOCABAHUXD DNPPb, HO MBB KaMeTCA, ITO UPHIHAH, Nowy 
T&aEb MHOFO JHB HE Hallo ce6B seman, cCOBepMeHHO SACHH. 

Kt 1 snBapg 1907 roa qucaMa0cbh 3aroTOBAeHHOK 3emaH 241 Thic. 


4 


HA OYEPEAAHIA TEMHI. ; 158 


ose (Bb TOMb 4HCIB BadHCIeHHBIXb XOXOKQMH MHHYBIMUXS IbTS 
141 THe. uw cBO6O,HHXE 100 Tuic.), 8b 1907 roxy BHOBb 8aroTOBICHO 
290 THC., HTOrO BTeyeHie Teqa uMbxAOCH 531 THC. AyMeBLXs Ares. 
Ms sToro aHcxa NOX BoABOpeHie Nepecexzennesb 1907 roxa oromgz0 
H AOMKHO 6x0 OTOHTH 180 THC. JoneH (CcunTaW, kakb uw Lepecesen- 
yeckoe Yupapitenie, 60 Thc. cemef H NO 3 AOAH Ha CeMbW); BCbMB 
XOMOKQMB BTeyeHiO BCero Tosa BO BCBXb MBCTHOCTAXD Cuabupu, 
CrenHoro kpas H JaapHaro BocToka UpaBHTeABCTBO MOFIO TaKHMb 
o6pasomh mpeqzomaTh 351 Thc. AyMeBHXb oreH#. Meany Thu, ne 
pacyerams camoro Ilepecenzenyeckaro YupapreHis, AIA Toro, ITOOm' 
YAOBICTBOPATH BCBXB XOMOKOBS, KOTOPH X'S BHCZata Bb 1907 roxy 
Esponefickaa Poccis, aymHO 6H10, «00 Kpafine mbpb, 1 Max. AyMe- 
BHXb joxeH>» (CUHTad KaKMArO XOMOKA pPeACTABHTeACMb TOKO 
2—3 ceme H Nonarah Ha KaxAyO ceMbw NO 3 yoau). Usb store 
COBePMeHHO ACHO, ITO ABS TpeTH XOAOROBD OOpeyeHH ONAN BepHYTLCS 
HE Ch WBM. 

AbicTBATeALHHA YCIOBIA, Bb KOTOPHX OKASAIHCh XOMOKH, OnlaE 
eme Taxerbe, WhMb PHCyeTh UX UpHBexeHHWH pacuerb. Taxt, MH 
SHACMb, ITO TpOMAalHad YacTb epecerzenness (271 THe. wan 66°/,) 
H xoqOKoBD (118.609 wan 82°/o) aBHanCch BreweHie epBHXh UATE 
mBcanest 1907 roza *), korgqa Bb pacuopaxeHid NPAaBUTeALCTBA HM'BAOCCS 
cBooomHHX®S Bcero 100 tHe. Joxe#. Jarbe, xoqokH A nepecereHoH 
MOTH paciperbiuTEca 10 HeEOObATHOH TeppHTOpin, KakyW mpescra- 
BAAWTh BaATNe BMbCTS Cubups, Crennok# Kpafi a Jassyifi Bocrost, 
COBepMeHHO HeNpPoONnOpMioHaAbHO TOMY KOXHYCCTBY S8eMIH, Rakoe OHO 
SarnTOBIeHO BB OTIBIbHHXS M’BCTHOCTAX). Wi MH, 'bACTBHTeABHO 
3H2eMb, ITO BB I pumopckol o6zacTa, HanpHMbps, OWAa saroToBIeHa 
seMza 21a 1500 nepecexenyeckux’ CeMeH, a ABHIOCK UXb TyAa 12.000. 
Hakone, MHOrie yyacTRKH, 00 OCMOTPB HXb XOJOKAMH, MOTIH OKa- 
SaTbCA COBEPHICHHO HeTOJHHMH 118 NOcexeHiA HIH Ke HaXOADLMMHCA 
Bh TAaKHXb YCIOBIAXh, KOTOPHA XONORH AH BB KoeMD cayyab He MOTIK 
TIpHsHaTh Ata ce6a NpiemxemuMu. [lepeceszenueckoe Yupabienie BB 
cBoeH <Cnpaskb» KOHCTaTHpyeTb, TO «6ONSUIMHCTRO XOJOKOBB HH- 
HEMHATO TOka, Bb OTANYIC OTH UpPeRHHXE ATS, HE AOBOABCTBYCTCA 
OBrabIMb OCMOTPOMD . OTMCKCBAHHHIXD YIACTKOBD, 4, HAMpOTHBB, Ha- 
cTolanBo yoOuBaeTca ycrpoitctsa Bb CuOupH, OcTaBasch BHAKHLaTb 
Ha mBCTS OKOHIAHIA SEMICYCTPORTEIBHHXD paboTs». V1 sto, « AyMan, 
BNOIHB WOHATHO: BOJeH-HeBOIeH IpaAxoxuTcA OpoxuTb Bb DOHCKaXb 
S@OMHH H SHMOBATb BL ORMAAHIH Of, KOPMa HBTS S8aroTOBACHHHXt 
YUacTEOBS. «HanIHBh TakHXb JMMb,—4HTACMb MH Aadbile—sacta- 
Burp Ilepecexenieckoe Yupabrenie JONycTHTh Ha MBCTAXS yCIOBHOe 
SaqHcaeHie JoleH Ha HEFOTOBHXB eMle YUacTKaxh, T. €. YCTAHOBHTL 
OUEPeAL MOAVYeHIA 3eMeIb NO UpesBapHTerbHOH s3anHCH KaHAWAATOBD 








*) Cu. ,[Iepecenenie wu saroTtoBka 3eMeb AA nepecenennesh®. Hazauie 
{(lepecen. Yupapnenia. Cnu6., 1907 r. 


—_ 


156 A. I/BMEXOHOBS. 


pautbe OTEpHTIA CaMWXh yiacTKOBb». UHHOBHHKA, TakaMb OOpasoms, 
HallIHCh: Bb BHAY HeXBaTKH OTMe@KeEBAHHOK 3eMIH BB HaTyps, O#W 
Hawai Hapbsarb ee Ha Oymars. 

OWnakO, KAaKb HH HaXOJ4HBH YWHOBHHKA, 

ThM?D He MeHbe, I‘napnomy Yupabrenin SemaeyctTpofictsa nm demnerbain— 
TOBOpHTcA Bb ,CopaBKs* — upHmxoch yxe Bb Mab BpeMeHHO JO | inna 
WpiocTaHOBHTh BHay HOBLIXb XOMAICCKHXS CBHUSTCALCTBS Bb Sataqnyyo 
Cu6ups... a saTbMs, Bb inxb mbcsnh, aperzcrapath wa oo6pesie copbra 
MHHHCTPOBd O AaIbHbuMeA opiocTaHoBKh Bb TeKyMIeMb roxy cBo6o7Ho0Ak no- 
CHAKH XOQOKOBD Bb danaynHyH CHOupb uw o Mpekpamenia ubroTHaro cemeii- 
Haro nepecenenia Ha Jlanbuia Bocroxb 6eab upeaBapatTeabHaro saqncnenia 
Ss@MOCJB... 

Kiananb Ipaiioch, TakaMb o6pasoms, mpupHts... Docarb pas- 
jaya «Cupapkn> ysenamMb Tocygzapcrsenno JlyMbl, aBH1aCb CRHOH- 
HOCTh H BOBCe eFO BakphITb, — Ha Bpems, KoneaHO. LIpu Taapnoms 
Yupapresin 3emseyctpolicrsa Bb Hayarh gekabpa cocToss0cb ocoboe 
COBbMaHie cb yyacTieMb MBCTHHIXS UpelcTaBuTedxel KpPeCTbAHCEAXS 
yipexjesifi, koTOpoe «<MpH3HalO MelAaTeCAbHHMb, JO sarOTOBAeHiA 
AOcTaTOGUHAarO = seMe.IbHAarO (OH,a AIA MepeceleHweBb, BOCIpPeTHTb 
ABTOTHOe xXogavecTBO BB Asiatcky Pocci npxOausHTembHO JO 15 
ioHa 1908 rola, caoOeBpeMeHHO HSBBCTHBS OO oTOMb Hacexenie, 
AOWYCKATH XOMAWeCTBO, 10 MBpb NMOATOTORKH SeMeIbHarO (On1a, Bb 
RCKIMUMTCIDHHXD ClYWAXS, IMMIb TIX 0CO6O MeAATeCALHHXL BUAOBS 
nepeceienia»... 

Aame TOTb lap, KOTOPHi ye BHINYWeHb, MPAaBHTeALCTBO pbINAAO 
IepeHATL Ha AOporb uH MponycTuTh Yepesb tTpy6y SwpokpaTayeckaro 
ycmotpbuis. Thun xe copbolaniemt, Bo u30bmanie ckONaeHiA BL 
IYTH MepeceteHneBb, KOTOpHe 8a COOOW 3eMIN ye 3a4HCAHIA, MpH- 
SHAaHO KeIATCIbHEIMB, ITOOH «Mepecezenyeckoe yipaBrzeHie 10 corsa- 
meni Ch MHHUCTePCTBOM Lyte cooOmeHia onpexbaazo0 4YHCXO Mpo- 
XOMHHIXb CBHABTeALCTBA H CBHISTCIBCTBh Ha ALFOTHHH Npobsxs, 
MOFYOIHXb OHTb BEAaHHLIMH Bb kamloH ry6epHin Breyenie onpe- 
Kbaeawaro cpoka» *). Oro MometaHie copbmania yRe IpABexeHO BD 
HcHoanenie. Ors Ilepecerenyeckaro Yupapiyenia oObaABIeHO, ITO HMB 
<OyXyTb CHbIAHLI pacnopsweHbia oO cpokaxb cibsoBpabia mepecesen- 
HeBb Kaxjaro yb3qa. Bupexb AO Moayyexia oTHXS yKasanili ryOepHa- 
TOPaM’ MpesoRCHO COBEPIEHHO MpekpaTATh BbIady UPOXOAHEIX 
HepeceleHyeCKHXb M TapHDHLIXb CBAABTeIBCTBB» **). 

Takum, oOpasoms, BM‘bcTO <cO6cTBeHHOM HHuTaTHBL! H S9KOHOMH- 
qeckaro pascyeTa Kamlaro WepecelAWMaroca XO3H#uHa» OTHHIAS OYAYTS 
WbiicTBOBaTb MapIIpPyTH, cocTaBisemble Bm Llepecerenyeckomh Yupa- 


Bein, 2 BMBCTO «cBO6OAH HepeceleHif» Ha HeoupeabscHHOe BpeMa 


BOMAPHIOCh Ye CTONb Ke CTporoe, KaKb HW Wepekb HayvalOMb peBo- 
AWN, «<BOCIpentenie». 


*) ,Topapumb”, 7 Rexadpa. 
**) Hopoe Bpema‘, 23 nexadpa. 











HA OFEPRAHHA TEMH. | 157 


Pacuerhl UpaBHTeIbCTBa Ha TO, YTO TOANTHOA MOMETE Mepece- 
AATECA HA CBOH C4UeTh, OKABAIHCh, MOBHAHMOMY, CTOIb Ke HeOCHOBAa- 
TCIbHHIMH, KaKb H ero Hajeain Ha cRooozy. Ilpasaza, uepecezeaye- 
CKYO KamMnaniw BE 1907 roxy emy yRalOCh 3HAIHTeIbHO YReMeBATb. 
Cymma BCBXE SaTpaTb Ha ycTpolicrBo ogHOH Mepecexenyeckod ceMbH 
3a Ypalomb cocTaBiaza, 10 pascierams [lepecerenueckaro Yapapae- 
His, 181 p. 50 Kon., Tora Kakb 00 JasBHMb 3a 1901—1903 r. Ir. 
OH@ COCTaBIaIa Dudpy Bb 310 py6. He ckaxeTca JH 9Ta SKOHOMIA, 
TIOCKOABKY OH@ AOCTHTHYTA 3& C4eTh SeMICOTBONHHXh (MCHEBHXS, 
CTATHCTHYCCKHXS, AIPOHOMHGECKHXS, AOPORMAUXL HW THApOTeXHHGe- 
CKHXB) padoTh SHAYHTEALHLIMS NOTOMB ymlepOoMb,—MEHI 8TO y3HaeM'b 
BnocabactBid. Tlockoabky me OHA JOCTHTHYTAa MyTeMb COKpaMleHiA 
Pacxof0Bb Ha Wepespuxenie, nocToubky pycckii Hapoxb ee yRe 
OUAATHIb MYKAMH, Kakid OPHMACCh MepeHecTH MepecedeHwaMh, H 
WSTCKHMH KOCTOUKAMH, Kaki OHH OCTABMAH M0 Joporb; BUpoweMS, # 
no 9Tok ctTaThkb AOUAATHTb, HECOMHSHHO, elle UpsAeTca: @unanCOBOe 
H usnyecKoe MCTOMeHie MepeceteHeRb OAarozaps WyTeBHM Heyps- 
AuWAaMb eme JOITO Ha HX XosakictBb 6yzerTb ckaswBatTbca. Ho Bc 
STH ymepOH Hw JOUAATH, Kak MAB yO UPHMIOCh 8aMBTHTH, ONITb 
MOMeTh, BOBCe He HHATeEPCCOBAIH MpaBHTeAbCTBO. Jlua oIBHEH ero 
AaHOBb BakH'be OTMBTHTL, GTO Bb «HBJepHKAX TO BOABOPeHilO» 
SEOHOMIH He OKA8AA0Cb: CCYAN, «BL aBaeMblA MepecexeHIaMt Ha pyKH», 
COCTaBHIH Bb CpesweMb okOX0 115 py6. Ha ceMbH, TOra Kakb Bb 
lipexHee BPCMA HHROFAA He JOCTHTaIH TAKHX} pasMBpose... 

IIpemse Bcero He ONpaBlaIHCh, MOBAAUMOMY, pasCYeTH Ha TO, ¥TO 
MepeceeHOH MOAYYaT AOCTATOYHA AAA ycTpolicrBa Ha HOBHIXS M'B- 
Craxh CYMMHI DOCpecTBOMS UpOsawH CBOHXD Halbsonb. Boodle yras'b 
9 HOs6pa BB Depecesenyeckoh kamnaniv 1907 r. OnIB HCMOIbaC- 
BaHb— MOKCTS ONT, Bb BAAY CTO HOBH3HEI—O4YeHb cla6o. Ho # nO- 
TOM C[Ba-1H STHMB NMYTeEMb OYAYTb MOAYIATHCA JOCTATOYHHA Awa 
ycTpoficTBa Ha HOBHIXS MBCTaXb CYMMHI, OCOOCHHO, CCIH NPHHATS Bb 
pacieTb, 4TO 8a YpalB cTPeMHTCH caMad MaJO8eMeIbHad H HaH6umbe 
3abadalewHad yacTb HaceseHig. [xapHoe me, Camoe nepecerenie cTa- 
HOBHTCa Bce Jopome... Kb asToMy ocabAHeMY BOUpOCy 4 ene BepHycb. 
Celigach me Jad MCHA BaxHO O10 OTMBTHTD AMM PakTb, YTO BO- 
Aeli-HeBoref 1WpaBsTeABCTBY MPHMJOCh YBEAHYUTh BHABaeMAIA Nepe- 
CeACHHaMb CCYIH, IPeCBHCHBh CMBTHHA HasHayeHia Ha 46°),. 

Hu aTO He 3Ha4dHTb, YTO XOTA OH CCYRHAA DOMOMb Oblsa NOCTAaB- 
xeHa cHocso. Hanporust, camo [lepecetenyeckoe Yupapaenie oTHo- 
CHT €€ «Kb GHCIY HAHMeCHBE YAOBICTBOPHTCILHO LOCTABICHHHXS Bb 
HacTosmee BpeMA CTOPOHB Wepecesenyeckaro Abia». Jaa ycrpolicrsa 
Ha HOBOMB MBCTS, MO ero pacweTaMh, KaxAOMY HOBOCely TpebyeTca 
oTb 250 Jo 500 py6., upH yemb Bcb nepecerenmn 1907 r. «JOtHHEI 
OLITh OTHECEHH KB paspaly HyRAawMmuxca». MHorHxb H38b HX, Bb 
BHUAY OTCYTCTBIA Y HHXD BCAKOH «HaIHUHOCTH», DPAaBHTeAbCTBO COTO 
8a AyyMee OTUPaBHTh IpoOcTo-Ha-NpocTo oOpaTHoO, «<4TO BH3BaI0 3Ha- 


158 A. WBIREXOHOS'S. 


wHTeAbHEIH (qo 100 Thc. py6.) pacxox H8b CCyAHaro KaluTaza Ha 
eNAaTy yAeCMeBIeHHATO ReAbsHOLOpoOAHaro Tapuda» (crp. 26). Octras- 
Wieca Bb CHOupA HOAYIHAH FOMOOO38ABOACTBEHALA CCYAL Bb CpeqHeM'b 
ero10 100 p. Ha CeMbwH, IpPa WeMb BHIaIa HXb saBucbia, MOH 
@kasaTb, BCeNbAO OTD ycmoTpbaia. XapakTepusyaA BHIABaBIMIACA CCYAN, 
QBTOPH «<CupaBka» unmyTs: «<Coopyxesie ono TOIbKO MOAy3eMaAg- 
HoH XaTN BB cTenH Tpedyerb 38aTpaTH OOASWIHXE CpeACTB, UW BH- 
MapaeMad ccyxa, a WAYrb Cb Mapow AoWageH oOxo_NTca BABOe A0- 
poe»... 

IIpa Takaxt ycsosiaxt, —roRsopaTh OHH—NOAydaeMNA llepeCeeHTAMA Bb 
YRASaHHXB BHINC MHHHMAILBHNXB paaubpaxn CC\/ AH HE TOABRO He o6aerganTh 
@yMleCTBERHO HXb ycTpOHctBa, HO, pacXOAACh 10 MCAOTaMB, Bb OCOOeCHHOCTH UpH 
YCTaHaBIHBaeMOH 3akOHOMb Bah CCYTb YACTAMH, COBEPIICHHO YTPadBBawrTe 
oRoe TPOHSBOLHTEIbHOe HasHayeHle, TaRb ITO CCMbH Dcpecclennesb, yHe ycuhe- 
MIHXb 3a4HCAHTL 32 COOOIO 3eM1N, HAH NOLOATy ObactaywrTb, upeawnze wbub 06- 
SABCXYTCA CBOHMb XO3BAACTBOMD HA HOROMS MBCTS, BIH KE HeEpPLAKO, ACTPATHRS 
BCCh 3aUaCh HAAHYHHXD CPeACTKHA HW NOTeEPABb SHEpTIW, BUSBpPaulaloTcA Ha Po- 
AHHY, Bb KOHCIb passOpeCHAHHA BCUNTAHHOW Heyzayiewo (cTp. 74). 

A oTMbraab aumb nan6orbe BakHWA CTOPOHH Mcpecesxenyeckolt 
KkaMiaHid 1907 r., HO H Cka3aHBHaro, KAR MAB KAKCTCA, HOCTATOUHO, 
4TOOH UpexctaBaTh ce6b, Ch KAKHMH SaTpylHeHiaMH OH@ Ida H Ka- 
Kad WapHia Bb Heit cymaTana. Ha MBbcTO AOIKeHD OHI BHIbXaTb Ha- 
WaIbHHKh Taapaaro ynpaBieHia KH. Bacuapqanosp. -Brayos taliru 
Hb, NOBHZHMOMY, He Baquab. Ilo xpaiinei wbpb, 00 cxoBamd KH. Me- 
miepcKaro Bb «paxgaHuyb», KH. BacHAbIHKOBB «Bileped’b OObABH.IB, 
40 SACTh Ha MbCADD gf MpeAMOAaraeTh, AAA yupomebia Abra, mpH- 
6nTb Bb Upsytces a Tyla sirpe6osaTh kb ce6b BCbXB eMY UOJ- 
BAACTHHXS IA Wepeqaiy HMb CBOHXDR uoKerbsift». Hakb OW TO HM 
6H30, EAPTHHH, KOTOPHA Ob YBuIbID Bb Cub6upu, 6n1aH, AOAHO 
OHITh, CTOIb TARCAN, &@ NEPCHEKTHBH, KOTOPHA Depel’> HHMb OTEPH- 
AHCb, CTOIb Oe30TPalHhl, ITO NO BOSBPALLCHIA B38b DOSER OBB pb- 
WIHIb HeMeIeHHO ybxatb sarpanany. BB ra3zeraxb M0MBHAHCh axe 
elyxu 06% orcraBKb. «Mn umbem OcHOBaHie AyMaTb,—MHCalH BD 
«Bapmesnxt Bbrzomoctaxb»—uato ku. B. A. BacnipqukoBb O4eHB 
pasorapoBaHb Bb CBOHXb N1aHaxdb... YXONb eTO CIHTAeTCA OFeHb BB- 
POATHHIMDG. OTES3b BarpaHully, KAKb Pasb BB HacTOAMIH MUMEHTS, 
Kora pa3pbuiawrca caMble BaskHLe JIA BBIOMCTBA KPCAUTAHE BO- 
NpPOCH, MOATBePAIaeTh ITY BBPOATHOCTh». 

SarpanwuHoe TYpHs CCAabHAO, MOBHAMMOMY, OCTpOTy cHOHpCKAX®S 
BheqaTabHif, wu KH. BacnabaugoBb ocraica. Ho gaa pasoyapoBania 
RAHHEIA, HecoMy'banHo, Onan. Ilocub toro, ro HaMb yme ASBBCTHO, 
A AyMai0, MBI BUpanb ckasarb, uTO arpapHoH podsemMbl Bb o_noH 
H3b BAKABHIONXS ex GacTeH NPaBTeIbCTBG He paspbmaszo: cBobosAoh 
KOIOAH8aANiN CIPaHb YCTAHOBHTb OHO He CyMb.10. Jlaxe To Henocper- 
CTBEHHOH Oban, KOTUPOW 3a1at0Cb, OHO He AOCTHT10: 3eMCIbNOK HYsK 1b 
@HO He OOseraNIO H, CTAAO GHITb, 61 MABAeHIA Ha cyulecTByOMa cTpow 
HHCKOILKO He ocaadHa0. Bb stomp cayyab JocTaTouHO HAallOMBHT, 








HA OYEPEIHEIA TEM. 159 


YTO HeEOHBaI0e CMe 10 CBOMM pasMbpaMb Mepecesewyeckoe ABAReHie 
1907 r., NOTIOTHAO, 00 pascueTaMS KH. BacHibyukoBa, aHmb 20°, 
eRerowwaro IpHpocta EpecTbasckaro Hacesenia. Takum oOpasom’, se- 
Me@XbHAA HYMAA, WOCKOABKY OHA OUpeWbAKeTCA YHCICHHOCThH Hacesze- 
Hif, 38 9TOTb TOMS OIA OHAa eme Oosbute OOOCTpPATDCS... 


Ho, MOKeTS OHITh, MpaBHTeABCTBO emle CyMbeTb MOCTABUTb 9TO 
AbAO KaKD cabayers. Onna kaMMania eme He TOKasaTerbcTBO... [panyza, 
MHHHCTeEPCTBO NJ0X0 pascaHTaio, HO 8a TO BB OyAyMeMb, OHTA MO- 
RCTS, WOCTABUTS AbAO HecpaBHeHHO mupe u aAyume... Mocrapaemca 
YSCHETD ceOb AH STH NeEPClekTHBH. 

Brie 3 yNOMAHYIS, ITO, VhMB Aadblle, ThMb Wepecesenia craHo- 
BaTca Jopome... oka «HOBad 3eMIad» JeMaAIa PALOMS, HacereHie cpas- 
HHTCABHO Je€TKO CipaBIAAOCh Cb KOAOHMSADIONHHIMS Mponeccom. Ilio- 
Hepb arb 8& WaroMd Bphsalcd Cb TOMOPOM Bb ASBCTBEHHYW Wally 
H NOXHHMAAb NAYTOMS WBAIMAHYIO 3EMIN, NOCTENECHHO MpOABHTAad LAAbITe 
H Jjaabme caoe xosaficrpo. He To Tellepb, KOrqa OpAXOAuTCHS Mepece- 
AHTBCH 88 MHOFIA THCAGH BEPCTh H HAHOBO 8akAAIWBaTbh xXosalicTso, 
Bb COBepMeHHO HHHXb KAMMATHYCCKHXS H EYABTYPHHXD YCAOBIAXS, 
ThMb Cb KaRHMH CHHAOCh ye Hacesenie. Ho uw osTa koOxOHHSALig, 
BHIOIHACMAS MYTOMb JaICKHXDS LepecereHif, CTaHOBATCA Ch KaKIbM'b 
TOAOM®E BCe TPyAHbe u TpyaHbe. Be yacTHocTu, Bb Cabupa yxme Hb- 
CKONBKO XBT TOMY Hasalb 


npHsHano 6wA0 Gorbe OcTOpORHUND, H3b-8a ONAceHlA BATPORYTS 3eMeCAbHbie 
HATCPeChl CTAPORBAATO HaceAeHvi#, NHEPeHECTH PalOHH BOABOPeEHiA Bb Oosbe Ja- 
exif TACKHHA H CTCHHHA MBCTHOCTH, Bb KOTOPHXS MpousBorctBy cobcTseHHo 
MCRCBHXDb pa6orp AOIKAW OWIJH RPEAWCCTROBATL 8HAYBTCALAHA Ar POHOMBYECCKIA 
H CTATHCTHYICCKIA H3HCKAHIA, & TAKKE THAPOTeXAHBYECKIA H ROPOMHNA copy ate- 


Hila (ctp. 10). 
Bubcrb cs sTHMS H HoMORenie NepecereHeBh cTalo HeCpaBHeHH 


Tpyaute. 

PaionwW Boqeopedia OTOABARYABCh Bb GeaBOMHNa CTCNH HAW Bd Oes_opox- 
BYD Tayimb CHOHPCKAXD ypMaHOBD H Tafirn, rab paspabotKa 3eMia conpamena 
Ch BeEChMAa OUABNIMMH 3ATPYAHECHIAMH; OTAAIEHIC ME OTh CTAPOMAALYECKHXD Ce- 
aenif, rxB womHNO 6WIO OpiwtuTeea HW HafitA xOTa KaKOA-HHOyAb sapadboToRd, 
ycyry6a20 TpYAHOCTh NepBOHayaibHarO OO3aKeMeHIA HA HOBHXb MBCTAXb H yBe- 
JH4HA0 CBAZAHHHE Ch HEM pacxodn (cTp. 75). 

Vsabmb Jaibie, TMD OTH TPYAHOCTH JOARHH CTAHOBUTECA OOAbUIE... 
Aaxe id TOPO TOABKO, TOOL NOMepRUBATH Mepeceten4eckoe Ab0 
Ha TOM} ypoBaAb, Kakoro oO JocTurao BB 1907 roy, orb rocyzap- 
cCTBa OyAyTbh TpeOoBaTbca Bce Oosbulie Hu GoabmMie pacxoqN. Emme 
6oXbIUe HYAHO Neneh, YTOOH 9TO AAO YAVAMATH WH PacMHpHATB... 

Ipuxxogutca, o7naKko, coma’hBatThcx,—u Lepecezenuecsoe Y npanie- 
Hie Bb 9TOMb COMHSBaeTCA, — MOMAO JH €FO PaclWIHPHTb, MOKHO AH 
HaBTH HYRHHA Ada ororo seMau. Ho, AouyCcTHMb, 4TO, UPHIORABD 10- 
CTAaTOURNA ycuiia, BOSMOMHO SABOCBATD$ CG BHAYHTCIbBHYW WaCcTb 


160 A. IBDIIEXOHOBD. 


Taira uw OesBoqHoH crenu. Ecsu6h mpaBHuTeabcTBO pbiulHJ0Ch BAO- 
RAT BE OTO W’b10 2—3 muatiapja,—xotTa On Tb, KOTOPHe OHO Ha- 
MbpepaercaA 3aTpatuTh -Ha (ACTS, —TO, MORCTS OWTb, eMy H YAa- 
XOCh GH YCTpOHTh 3&8 YpaiOMb SHAYHTEABHYH YaACTb HYRIAaWMaroca 
Bb 3eMIB HacexeHis. Ho BraadJuBaTbCA Bb 9TH NOPCHCKTHBH HaM’b 
HesavbMb,—TAKb [aJekO BITH IpaBHTeIbCTRO He Hambpeuo... 

Yrv6h =yOBAUTHCA Bb 9TOM'b, AOCTATOYHO MO3HAKOMHTLCA CB ero 
NpeANOAOReHiAMH Ha HABIABWAIK roms. MBcTHHMH NepecedenyecRHMH 
OpraHsaliaMH IpebABICHO HA STOTS FOlb CMBTBHXD TpeGopanit Ha 
eyMMy cBHme 36 mur. pyO. [Taasnoe Yopapsenie SemazeycrpolictBa 
HaXOJHTb 9TH TpeOoBaHia BNOo’HS O6OCHOBAHHEIMHE. 

Thub He Mente, anba Bb RADY, YTO NpeANOIOMeHHOe yRBeaHyenie Lepece- 
AenyeckOA cwhtTH NOcTaBHIO OH Bb BaTpyAHHTeIbHOe NOIOReRIe J'ocyzapctBeR- 
Hoe KagnayelicTso, HasBanHoe BHAOMCTBO Hall10 ceOA BUHYRACHHHMD OTKAZATLCA 


OT OCyMectTB1eHia BE OyyMeMD Tory Bcbxd, xoTa On BNOAnS HasphemaxXs n0- 
Tpe6noctelt.,. (erp. 42). ‘ 


* 


Ono cokpaTazo0 cMbry 70 26 Muga. py0..—H 9TO OWIb «MHHH- 
MYND»... ONHAKO, «pH NocabAyOMeMS OOcyHICHIH CMBTHHXD KpeAB- 
TOBb, OHO BHHYKJeHO OAO NOKTH elle Ha AaAbH bi Mee SHAITeAbHOe 
HXb coKpameHie—jzo 19 Muag. py6.». Jpyroro, KOHewHO, H HexbSa 
OHAO HATH OTS NWPaBuTeIbCTBA, KOTOPOe AYMACTh CTPOHTS PAOTS,— 
OTb MpaBHTeAbCTBa, KOTOPOMY J@HBrH HYRHH Ha MHOFiA JApyris Do- 
TpeOHocTu, HecpaBHeHHO Gombe emy OansKis, WBMES SCEMOADHAA HYyRAA 
KpecTbAHCKarO HacezeHig... «Bce sTO—HCaIb Ome Bb aBrycTb &#. 
Memepcrifti— 6n1a0 ToBOpeHO KHSSH-MMAUCTpy, HO, He CAyMasa HHKOFO, 
OH, TpedyeTh ceOh JecHTEH MHLINOHOBD pyOseH Ha Mepecesenie, Bb 
TakOe BpeMS, KOMMa Ha YBeIHVeHie Kal0BabbA O*PUNepaMs HameH apMix 
He XBaTaeTh JeHerb, KOTMa Ha ycuseHie cpeACTBD OoOpbON cb pas- 
6oeyt no Boel Poccia u rpabexamu He HuMbeTca AeHerb!» Ho noTOMb 
<KHASb-MHHHCTP», OYEBAIHO, NOCAYWadca HM CBOH YpeOoBania coKpa- 
THIb. Hyaao JH YTOBOPHTb, YTO MOAYYHTCA Bb pesyabTarb oTaxh 
cokpamenit? 

Xogoku 1907 ©., kakb MH BHA'BIM, UPeCAbABHAM CPUC «io Epak- 
Hei mbpB Ha 1 Muad. AyWeBHXb josel>. 


A TaKb K&akb 3aroToOBKa 9TOrO Toda BMBcTH Cb 3anacoMb NpPeRAHXb ABTS 
(390 THe. AyMeBHXD joseH) NOKpuBacTh TOIbKO 40°/o store cupoca, TO, O4e- 
BHAHO, JIM NOSHALO YHOBIETBOPeHIA CFO, HACKOIBKO OH'b WYRE BHPAReHb XOMa- 
YECTBOMD TeKYMAarO LOqa, HE CIHTAACh Jame Ch aAIbNBAWAM, HeHsOSRNwED 
pasBHTIeMb 9TOTO Abia, NpwHMI0ch OW AOBecTH pasM bpd seMeIbHwA saroTOBKA, 
no Kpafnea mbps, zo 600 tac. Aymesnxb AoneH (cTp. 46). 


Bmbcro sTOrO OpaBHTeIbCTBO pBUIHIO 3aroToBATb Bb 1908 rosy 
aumb 350 Thc. Jpyrumu cioBaMu: Jake notpe6HocTb 1907 r., coBep- 
HWI€HHO ACHO BHpPaSHBINYWCA, YAOBACTBOPHTbh OHO He MOMCTH HAH HE 
xoueTh. O «faibHbiimemb HeusObKAOMS PasBUTIH 92TOTO AbIa», CTAAO 
OHITb, H TOBOPHTbh Heyer. 

Ha cKOAbKO- HHOVAb BaMBIHOe Y.Ayumedie ero TORE pa3scwATHBath He 








HA OYEPEAHNS TEMH. 16] 


npaxoxatcs. Bue a yHOMAHYISB ye, ITO No pascuetam® I[lepece- 
Xenueckaro YopaBleHia Ha ycTpoficrso omHo cembu TpeOyerTca OTh 
250 70 500 py6., He cUHTag pacxOZ0Bb Ha JOpOry H OOMecTBeHHHA 
HajoOnocta. Ho cpeguii pasmbps ccymw na 1908 r. onperbsenb HMB 
BB 150 py6., BEANGad cba BCB BHA CCyAHOH MOMOMIH BIOTA 0 
nocooid Ha «BHYTpuAarbibHOe pasMemeBanie». IIpH sTOMb CCYAH, 
KAKb OOLACHHID HavaJbHHR® Ilepecezenyeckaro Yupapienia r. [aunna 
Bb 3acbaanin wyMckoH# nepecezenseckoH KomMucciu, GyxyTb nO npex- 
HeMY BHJaBaTbCH 4ACTAMA, TAKb Kak <Ilepecercnyeckoe Yupasze- 
Hie ONacaeTca, ITO CCUM BHaTh CCYAY cpasy,.TO TepeceleHIH BO8b- 
MYT H BepHyTca o6parHo» *). A, cTadO ONITb, H PaCXOMHTbCA OB 
OyAYTE Y Depecerzennest 00 WpexeMy «M0 MedOYaMb», «He OOseruad 
CYDI@CTBEHHO HX} YCTPOHCTBay... 

Hirt! HH pactl“psTb, HH jake ylywlaTb epeceszenveckoe Wb0 
UpaBHTeAbcTBO He HamMbBpexo. VM sapoeBnBaTh OesBOAHYW CTelb H Ape- 
My4ylo Talry oO He OyeTh,—BbAb STO TORE OOALMAXD JCHEI CTOHTS. 
Hyxuna Aid Wepecelenienb 8eMIH OHO pacaHTHBaeTh Halita Oesb 
«apesBHUaHHHX® saTpaTb wa Mediopanin wav nyTH cooOmenia». One 
HX BOSbMCTh Y KHPTH30Bb,—H CAbAACTL STO «KAR Bb LOCYAapcTBeH- 
HHXb WAAX paSyMHaro HCHOIbSOBAHIA 3CMCIDHHX'S H8IMMIKOBS, TAKb 
H Bb BHTepecaxh KYAbTYpHarv Mpeycobakia caMOro KHPrasckKaro Ha- 
celeHif, CTBCHEHHAarO ApeBHAMA PopMaMH OOMMHHO-posoBoro OxlTa, He- 
HOpPasBHBMlarocd Waxe JO NOHATIA O YacTHOH seMembHOH COOCTBeHHO- 
cTH» (cTp. 47). OHO HXb «<HSHIMCTh 8% NOXDZOBAHIA» CTAPORAAOBS 
(crp. 49). Ono safimeTh NOS NepecereHesh B8alacHhia seman Yccy- 
pifickaro kasa4bsro BOHCKA... 

Ilpapaa, «4yTh He Kamsoe Takoe usbaTie BOsOyHAACTS UpOTecTh 
CO CTOPOHH! Euprast» (crp. 47). Crapoxaan Tome He COBCBMB CHO- 
KOHHO OTHOCATCA Kb TAaKHME HBbaTIAME (cTp’ 48). 06% Yevypifickuxt 
KaSakaxb 00K& HHGerO He CAHIMAO, HO H TB MOFYTh 8aB01HOBATECS... 
Ho rocyXapcTBeHHaA 01b8a H KYJBTypHoe upeyci'banie BHIe BCero 
sToro,—Tbmb Oorbe, 4TO A MUsHb, CAaBIeHHAd CO BChXD Apyruxh 
CTOPOHS, ABARETCA Bb 9TOMB Hanpasjenin. Jaa opamMbpa MOHHO B8AT 
XoTA Ob! «KHprHsckia cTenu. rb UpBONBMie MepeceleHUH, 8a He0- 
CTATKOMD MOJTOTOBIEHHALO KOAOHH3aNi0OHHAarO PoHAa, YCTPaHBatACch Ha 
UPaBaxh apewAbl WAH 3axBaTa». 

TipoTuHBsorbictsoratTh sTOMy UBHREH'D BAaNpeTATCIBAHMA NbpaNH—ToBOpaTb 


Tlepecenenyeckoe Yupaplenie— ke UpencTtansgNOCch BOSMORHHMD, 1a, KPOMB Toro, 
NOXOOHHA Mbp Bb JaHHOMDb cayyab we ONpansaiuch OW H CyMecTBOMD haa 


(etp. 56). 

TakuME OOpasom’b, He TOABKO NPOTHBR «NPHHYAUTeAbHAarO OTUYR- 
yeni», HO H MpOTHRb «3aXBaTa», 10 CKOJBEY OHH HalipaBleHhl Bb 
H@HHYN CTOPOHY, UpaBATeAbCTBO HuYerO He HMBETS... 

Hane ckasaTp, ITO Bb CTreuHOMb Kpab HW BO MHOFAXS MBCTaXD 

*) ,Hospoe Bpena“, 15 anspapa. 

Ansaps. Oryb.ib Il. 1l 








162 A. MIBRITEXOHOB'b. 


CoOupaH yRe HaspbIh Depexoxb Kb BHICMHMB XOsAHCTBeEHHHMS op- 
MamMb. Takh, CpeqH KApra3b JaBHO yRe Hayasca Hw BCe OOIbMe yCHIH- 
BaeTca Uponecch ocbsaHif§ KOVBHYKOBS, TepexO]b Xb KB 3eMIC- 
wbabyeckomy xosalicrsy. Ecaa6W rocyyapcTBo MpHnlio cb kyIbTyp- 
HOW H MuTepiaIbHOW [OMONIbH Bb S8TOTh TpyAHHH Lepiogb ABH 
MBcTHafo HaceleHif H BH3BaIO Kb CaMONbATeABHOCTH eFo OOIMECTBEH - 
HHA CHIH, JaBb AMb HalleKallyW OprakAsaliwW, TO BOARS BOsMOMAL, 
ITO GMRKOCTb STHXb MBCTHOCTeH OFeHD OWICTPO yBeaAHUMIACh Ob. Eme 
OncTpbe OHa BOSpOCAa ON, CCIHOH OMHOBPeMCHHO Cb OTHMD ObLIM Mper- 
NPHHATH KPYNALIA MexIOPAaNiOHAHA padoTH,—HallpHMBpt, OpocuTesb- 
HHA, Bb KOTOPHXS Takb HymAAWTCA cTenHHA OOxacTH. Torga H AIA 
HpuMmMAaro HaceleHif, HECOMABAHO, Halls0ch Ob eMe AOCTaTOYHO MHOTO 
mbcta. Ero He TOAbKO UpHAsdH OH, HO H ycTpoHaH On, BBpOATHC, 
Ayame, YMb YCTPAawBaeTh Telepb MpaBATeA‘CTBO... 

Ho y nocabanaro Apyro nab. O80 pasciuTHBaeTh pBMATD KYAb- 
TYPHHH BONMpPOCh H NOAYIMTh HYKAHS SeMAH MpoMle H, riaBHwoe, Ae- 
MeBle: NYTCMb «<JIPHHYIHTCIbHATO OTYYRIeHiA» UPH HOCpeACTBB Me- 
KeCBHXb YHHOBS H «CaMOBOAbHAaLO 3aXBaTa» CO CTOPOHH Mepecelen- 
nesb. HakuMH MNOCABACTBIAMH JOAREHS COMPOBOMMATbCA STOT CO- 
co6b pbmenias arpapHaro Boupoca, UpexycMOTpBTb, KOHEUHO, He TpPyA- 
Ho. IlevaTb yee He MaHO OFAaCHla KPOBaBHXh PakTOBh—DOLWaCh 
Irbanxb cpaxesiii *),—aBHBINHXCa Bb pesyabTaTbh UPAHYIUTeABHAarO 
Bpoexenia. A abMb Zamble DpaBuTeAbcTBO OyeTL MWOABUTATLCA 110 Ha- 
MBYeHHOMY HM OYTH, TMS TARUXS PakTOBS OyseTh, KOHEIHO, GoAbME: 
€CIH OHO He XOGCTH ONAATHTb HOBYH SCMAW KaSCHHHMH JeHbraMH, TO 
8a Hee MpHseTCA 8allaTHTb HapOAHOW KPOBhD. 

TakoOBH HaMbuawllisca wepcnerTasH. Ho mpasuTeibcTBO HaMb- 
peHo HiTa Hw Jaabute. Kpomb Oopp6n 3a semaio MeKTY cTapomalaMH 
H HOBOCOlaMH, OHO HaM'bpeHo BosHeY Taky xe OophOy BHYTPH TBXb 


H Apyraxt. 


Bb WhARXb COPIACOBAAlA NPaABHTGIbCTBEHHHXD MBponpiatid 10 seMeABHOMY 
yctpofictBy KpecThAHCKaroO HacexeHia BO BCbXD yactaxt Hunepin, raaBHoe yapa- 
RieHie semleycrpoictBa H seMAexbiig—kakb coodmas10 OcsbsomatesbHoe Bw- 
po—upeanoaaraets: 1) sHectH BB TocygapetBenHyw Jymy sakoHonpoesrs 0 2a- 
KpbOIeHid OTBEACHHHXE H OTBONMMUXD KpeCTbAHaNb H HHOPOMNaMb, & TAKE 
nepeceleHyaMb 3eMe€Ib Bb YacTHyH CcOOcTREHHOCTL Cb NepeROtOMb OaTHMOH 
BHHS OOpowo nosaTH Bb NOseMeIbHWA HalOrb HAH BHRYUARHe NAaTemA H 2) 
BHpaboTaTh pakb MBpb Kb coxbicTsil HaceszenilO CoOHpH Kakb cTapOMBAOMY, 
TAKb H WepeceteHYeCKOMY Kb CO3MaHIO YAYUMCHHHXd NPIeMOBL 8eM1EN0Ib30- 
BaHia **). 


Mox#0, KOHCTHO, COMBBBATLCA, YTOOK UPaBATeABCTBY YAatOCb Cy‘b- 
WaTb CKOUbEO-HHOYAb SHAYHTCIBAHC YCUBXH Bb TbIb wacamseHiA Bb 


*) Cu., Hanp., ,Pbap*, 3a 10 aprycta (cpamenie Bb AKMOMHHCKOB BO’OCTH 
61u3b A. AiMaryab MewKAY NepecetenoaMuH HW KHprusawH) HAH ,Pycb*, 3a 6 aB- 
rycta (cpamenie BL BapHayapckomb ybaab mexay nepecezeHuamMaA H KaAME- 
Kami). 

**) Hopoe Bpema“, 1 xera6pa. 














‘ 


Ha OWEPEDHBIA TEMBI. 163 


Asiatcno# Poccit «yAyd0IeHHHIXh QpieMOBb 3eMJeENOASOBAHiA», Ka- 
KOBHe HHH SMHHMb SeCMIeYCTPOHTeI@Mb IIpPeACTABIAWTCA He HHAa4e, 
Kakb B'b BUIS «OTPyYOOBb» H <XYTOPCKAXS yuacTeoB». II pocTo-Ha- 
MpocTo MeReBHXb WHOBD JA STOTO Y HAXD He XBaTHTS. Ja w Ha- 
celeHie B3BOCTb: H3BOAbTC-K& Kb KaKIOMY XYTOPY MPOBOLATS AOpory 
H OKOAO KaKAaro XYTOPA YCTPAHBaTb CBOW MOCKOTARY... 

-— Hbrs, mutenbaift, sTOTh HOMep R He MmpolyerTh... — ckamers, 
noxaiyi, Cu6upb CamMOoJOBOABHOMY peBowlonionepy. HM eme, Toro rasan, 
I1pHOaBars: 

— Kaxkoe TH -uMbemb mpaBO OITD XOpPOMAMb, KOrta A — MA0- - 
xan? *), 

ApyrHMH CHOBaMH: MORE IM TH PacHOIOMATCA WAKE Bb 
Heponeficrof Poccit Ha Xyropaxt, korga @ TYTb eme cb Tasrof 
He yUpapntach? Moxenlb JH TH Bb KAaKOMb Ob! TO HH OHIO Haupa- 
BACHIM paspbMUuTL arpapAh BONMpocS, KOrya KOAOHH3aNiOHHHH nmpo- 
mecch To6om saxepman'b? HBr ofnakO HIELO YAMBHTeCAbHATO, ITO 
Taapnoe YipaBsaenie He TOABKO BD Poccin, HO H Bb Cu6upH crbaaerh 
BCe-TAaKH IOMHTKY BBCCTH «YAYYMeCHAHe UpieMH SCMICNOIBBOBAHIA» H 
NepeXBEHeETh CB 9TOW WBAbH UMBbOMiACA BB eFO paciopaRenin Me- 
KOBHA CHIL AIA «BHYTPHHAN‘ILHALO», KAKb OHO BHPAKAeTcA Bb 
CBOCME DiaHb, pasMexesauia... Camo codoft MOHATHO, ITO SCMICOTBON- 
HHIA paooTH NO HapbsKb HOBHIXD MepeceleHyecKHXS YAACTROBD HoHi- 
RYT Bb TAaKOMb clyqab ene MeseHHse. 

Boxbe ocymecTBamMoH npelcTaBAgeTCA 3eMOAbHad CUeKYAANIH Ha 
OcHOBS An4HOH coOcTBeHHOcTH. ITO WhAo MowReTS Nolita, ecan ym‘b10 
3a HelO B8ATbCH, —UpH cosblicrain KpecThanckaro banka, HAalpAM bps. 
Iipapaja, seMia Bb Cu6npn HukaKol eme ubaH He uMbeTS. Ho oro 
HHUeLO: HAIHeTCH AAO Cb KOMECKE, & NOTOME JO pyre w AeCATROBL 
HX JOkpeTS, & able H COTHAMM 33 Kay JeCCATHHY UATATb 
Oyxyrp. VU rarot oftbexTs BB ROHS KOHDOBD Noryyutca! Ecan kb 
TOMY BpeMCHH Bb MpaBHTeIbCTBS OATS OygzeTs rp. BuTTe, TO OHb,-— 
KA&Eb 3TO ye 611BaJ0,—HeNPeOMbBHHO CKARCTS: 

— Takoro mpeycibsnia Hukorga ene He 6H10. CMOTPATe, Kak 
Poccia pas6orarbia: 3eM1s, KOTOpas HH#GeLrO He CTOHAA, Telepb CTOUT’S 
MHIapAH... 

OXOTHHEH TOproBaTb semiei BE Cu6upu, kKOmeUHO, HafigyTca, H 3a 
Hy#j0H, KoTOpad ee NOkynaTb 6yzeTb, FIO He CTaHCTS... Camo co- 
6o NOHATHO OJHAKO, 4TO Upexgze, ThMb TOproBaTh seMJeh Ha Ipa- 
Baxb IH4HOH co6CTBeHHOCTH, ee elle NpeACTOHTS UpACBOHTb HyTeM'L 
caMOBO1bHaro saxBaTa. [lepcnerTaBa, cTat0 OnITb, Depew’ HaMH Ta- 


*) Hapanaweb nepexs Cubnphw, TO Bb eA yCTA—BDb ycTa WBBCTBEHHALH, 
MOKHO CKazath, Cb arpapHolt TOUKH 3pbAlA —A BRAAAWBAW ClOBAa MNPOCTHTYTKH. 
Ho sbib Ho ,peBOlINdiOHepb* tepext Helo HaxOgutca ocoOm#: He 4acTHE 
@ HeBHAHHA WHOM, a, cKOp'be, B8pAqHO NoncTpenaBmifica ctapHkamKa. ,Pepo- 
Sbnia Hao6opoTh* A Bb vTOMD cayyab ckasatacs: WbactTBymOMiA auga Rakb On 
DOMBHAIBCh CBOHMH [O14MH... 


11* 


164 A. TIBULBXOHOBD. 


Kad: HOROCeJH BOWWNMTS H3b-8a 3CMIB CO CTAapORHAAMH, MpAMeIsI— 
Ch TYSCMNaMH, H BB 9TO Ke BPOMA OTHAMANWTS C6 APY'b Y Apyra. 
Tams yOifictaa, 3abcb rpabexb—rTakoBa OMHJAWMaA Hach Kaprana. 

Camo co6oH. NMOHATHO H TO, 4YTO STOTS Mponecch yEpboAeHiA 3eMIL 
Bb AHWHYW COOCTBEHHOCTS OyyzeTb TAHYTBCA ZoATO. HecomuBHHO, 410 
Bb CuOupi OHS OyeTb OBpOTekaTh HeCpaBHeHHO MeAICHHBe, ThMD BL 
Epponefickofi Pocciu, xora u aybcb OH 8aBepIIATCH, KOHCYHO, He CROpO. 
IH], craxo 68ITb, Hagouro TeppuTopia AsiaTckoH Poccin ogametca te- 
peropomeHHol: OyAYTb SCMIH KaSeCHHEIA H HAI BIDAHA, OTBCACHHEA 3a 
BHKYUS ISAM JepeBHAMD N YEPBUACHHHA BE AWYAYH COOCTBeHHOCTS 
OTXBIBHHXE JOMOXOSHeB. ByAyTb KpecTbAaHe, KROTOPHe MlaTaTb BH- 
KYMHbIe WIaTexH, H ERPeCThAHE, KOTOPHe CBOW B8EMIIO YRC «OKYNHAB>. 
VM, koneuno, Hx TS, HH Apyrie NpieMHLIXd MPHTOBOPOBL BHAABaTL Ue- 
pecelenamh yee He CTAHYTL, Aa H CaMH NosBurateca BrayOp, take 
H cre yxe He Oynyrb. OTb cokynaeHHOH», XOTA ObI TOABKO 4AaCTbD, 
3eMIH OTOPBaTbCa OyAeTh TPYAHO, Ja WH SAaHMKY BHIHeECTA OyqeTE yRe 
HeKya, Pash KaSeHHYIO 3eMA10 OTFbAATD. WM He CTOAKO, OnITh MORETS, 
Mexa Bb JaHHHMD Clyiab NOMbMaerb, CKOABKO rpaub, KOTOPad Npok- 
ReTb Bb UpaBs. Bt Poccia—nacaas korga-TOo |’. HW. Ycnescrifi—semze- 
MBPb CbBIb MYyHHKA, & Bb CuORDH MyRHED—-seMAeMbpa. Ho ecas 
SeMIEMBpY Cb ero acTpoms6ie# OyxeTh npeqnocaaHb X TOMB Cb ere 
pasHooOpasiemb BHAOBR COOCTBeHHOCTH, TO, Noxaly#, H TaMb OTS 
MYMHEA He MHOFO OCTAHETCH. 

IIpaBuTeAbCTBO, NOBHJHMOMY, OYGHb TOPONMHTCA «COrlacoBaTb» CR- 
Oupckie seMeABHHIe NOPAAKH «Cb HayataMH seMeycTpolicTBa, 040- 
HCHHBIMH HAS Bb OCHOBY EPECThAHCKALO BaKOHOMATeIbCTBAa Eepones- 
ckoH Pocciu>. Kakb coo6ula4H raseTh, MHHHCTePCTBOMb yme BHpa- 
OOTAHD COOTBBTCTBYIWMIif SAaKOHONpOeRTh 14d BHeceHia BB Locynap- 
cTBeHHyl0 /iymy *). Hevero, kOHeYHO, H TOBOPHTb, 4TO CO CTOPOHH 
nocabauek HHEAKAXD UpenatcrTsifi Ha aTOMb MYTH OHO He BCTpPBTUTD. 
«Tocnogzckaa» Jlyma, ObITh MOKeTh, Tame NOATOIKHETS UPABHTEABCTBO 
HITH JaIblie H BCTYNUTh Ha JOpory, KOTOpas ye JaBHO CIPOeRTH- 
poBaHa, HO HCIOAbSOBaTb KOTOPYW AO CHXb MOP ome He yRaz0cb. 

Kpafite XapakTepHO Bb 98POMb cCaAyyab, ITO HeMeAIeHHO 0 OT- 
kpHTia TpeTbe# Jymu Bb «Hosomb BpemeHu» NOABHIHCh CTaTbH HB- 
roero E. HW. sh. noxb 3aror0BKom: «Ilepecezenun». Ccbidascb Ha aB- 
TOpHTeTA Nokofvaro Tepnermtciina, UpushaBaBllaro KYAbTYPHO-NOsH- 
THYCCKYIO pOIb DOMBILHYbATO Kuacca, HY. Uerpamungkaro, sHeprHqH0 
BB Neppok Jym'b ee OTCTaHBaBMlaro, aBTOPh NpexAe BCerO Cb Hero- 


OBaHieMb OOpyllaica Ha AerKoMHCcaie, O6yasmlee 8a nocabyHee BpeMsA 
Hallux semieycTpourTeredt. 


Jakeutania yactHORIabAbYeCKHXDt 3€MCIb—FOBOPHTh OHb—HACTL BO BCH, FE 
Telerpamh CACTHEBHO NPBHOCHTh HaMb HSBBCTIA O AeCCATKAXd THCAYD ACCRTHHD, 
NepClaHHHXd H8b NOMBMAIDSLO BD KpecTbANcKOe Balbule. OLHHNb CAOBOMD, MH 





-—~ - Se 


*) Cu. «Phub:, 30 gena6pa. 








HA OURPEIUBIA TEAL. 165 


SackanyHB CTpaMHArO NaeHia ceAbCKO-xO3afAicTBeHHOK RKYAbTYPH M CBAsaHHArO 
€b 9THMD NaleHiA MPOH3BOANTEABHOCTA 3EMAH H AOXONOBD *). 


VM ssp CaOupu <«2erkOMbCIeHHHe 3eMAeycTpouTerH» sbiCTBYOTD 
HOMPABAAbHO... 


i 


IIo makomy-To cTpasHoyy Hegopasym'buiW,—rosopats r. E. H. #h.—raapnoe 
yupaBirenie semaeycTpofictaa H seMxeNBIIA, COCpeAOTOYHRD y ceO6a KOAOHHZANIOH- 
Hoe xAbi0 rocyazapeTBa, pabotaerb HCKANURTeAhHO Bb MOALSyY KpeCTbAHCKAaro 
nepeccienisg, H TO HMCHHO HA 8CMJAXD KA8HN, BTHOPHPyA COBepMeHHO BHTepecH 
APYFHXb semAcBAAAbALVeEBh H 38CMIH ApyrHxb BbAOMcTRS. Memay ThMb BOMRO- 
penie Bb Ca6upb scwaenianbanient, NOMHMO CBOQeTO SKOHOMBYECKALO B8HayeHia 
Baa oT08 ctpauty, 6810 6 BeECbMa BARHO BBO MHOPAXb APYTHXd OBHOMERIAXD..**). 


Eme 6... Bb noraTHYeCKOMb, HalpaMbps, ormomenia. Ho co- 
TpyAHHRS «Hoparo BpemeHu» 3HaeTh, «Kakb A'bIOMS THM LOUPABATh»... 


Coscbub Apyras KapTHHa—nameTh OKb—DOIyIHIach ON, eCAHON HapaAy 
Cb KpeCCThavaMe CTapaHiaMH NepeceleHyeCKarO YOPSBACHIA BOABOPAINCh Bb Cu- 
OBDH H SeMieBIaNbIbON, XOTA OM Ha paBh ROATOCPOYHHXS apeHraTopoBE ***), 

Basaxafimea sagayef nepeceraenyeckaroO yopaBieHis—reBsOpaTb OHDb Bb Apy- 
Tom ctatbb—yoiRHO O6HTb NO_pob6HOe BHACHEHIe BONPOCA O6b yIpewATeRiA UO- 
wBmaUbeXE xcesfictsh Bb Ca6HpH Kakb AA KAZCHAWXS, TARd H HA NpPOTHX>d 
SeMIRXD... 


<Tperba Jyma — 3akanunnaeTs vr. KE. VW. ok. ary cBow craTbo~— 
AOARHA, 10 HamMeMy MABHIW, OTHECTHCh Cb 6O1bIIUMD BHUMAHICMD 
KB Bompocy O KOTOHHB8aNin CHuOupa. Bsacuasmilica Trenepemuif#t co- 
CTaBb €A JaeTb rapakTiv, ITO BONpOch OyzeTh pbmMenb MpaBy.1bHO 
H 6e30pucTpacTHo». Besupuctpactie TpeTbe lyMbl Bb 9TOMDB BOpOCh 
yme ckasnBaetca. [lo xpatineli mbpb, HbEOTOpHe WIeHW MepecereH- 
weckoH KOMHCCIH OYeHb HHTepecyWTCH, HeAb3A Jil YMCHBUIMTS Hab.1bI 
NepeceleHoaMb HW UpeJOCTaBHTb 8eMAW NOMBULHKaMtT. Onn ye Tpe- 
OyHTb Ha 9TOTS cueTE VObACHeHIH OTS UpaBuTeabcTBa. [tn. Bacu.1b- 
WHKOBb OTBBTHIb, ITO BONMPOCOM O HOMBULWGDAXD XO3AHACTBAXD M0- 
ecxbBinee OFeHb HHTepecyctcH, HO YTO 3TO AbIO TPyAHOe. 


Utro Kacaetca 601b0IaXb yyacTKoRh AO 1000 Jec.,—UOACHHIb Bb APyroMd 
sacbaanit KOMHCCIA HAYaILHHRD Nepererenyeckaro yupapienia r. [‘aHHKa—TO 
OUNTE Hacaspenia yactHoH seweibHOH coOctrennoctH Bb Cu6upH Onan yxue 
exbaanp. Yaactsa OWI HapbsaH, HO OXOTHAKOBb AO 00c1bAWArO BpeMeHH He 
apasnocs. Tlostomy yaactka Onn po3sqanh uepecesennamh. Tepepb upocbOu 
gmoeTynaworh, HO 3eM1H OTH ye OOpauleHH Bb KOJOHHsANIOHHNA cour, ****). 


*) «Hopoe Bpema», 9 HoaOpa. 
**) ,Hopoe Bpema*, 10 Hos6pa. 

***) Uro6h DOACHNATb TOTOBHOCTh aRTOpa UPHMHPHTHCH Cb OTHMb THTY10MDb, A0- 
€TATUYHO GyeTh CKasath, ITO Bb UOCTE-CKPHUTYMB Kb OMHOM usb cTaTeH Old 
BNPaKaeTh cpoe yAoBorbcTBie HO NoOBOAY Bucosatiueh Gaarox_apHocTA, KoTOpas 
TOAKO 4TO OObABICHA OAHOMY W3b YACTHHXD, XOBeRD AKMOANHCKON OOracTH, 
wbxroemy r. Komnecaposy, KoTOpOMY ,fpo3H30 BHABOpPeHie Ch yIacTKAa 3a KaKia- 
TO [pOMeBHA HeEJOHMKA NO ynaatb apenan*. Pash MOMHO pacdaTHBaTh Ha ,,01a- 
FORClaTe1bHOe OTHOMeHIe Kb KYANTYPRHMh HAINHABIAMD aApPeHLATOPOBB”, TO, 
KOHEUIHO, HeyerO ONACATBCA 3a HXDb XOZAAcTBeEHHyW ycToHanBocT!. 

*ete) Phub*, 18 anpapa. 


/ 
166 A. DBMIEXOHOBD. 


IIo YaCcTHHMS CBBUBHIAMS, MHOTie HapbsaHAHe JIA NOMBIBEOBD 
yuacTKH,—@ HMB RBH'bIeHH, KOHCYHO, AyYMiA 3eMIH, — MpuGepera- 
TCH AO CHXS Nopb. Bopowems, sTo we BamHO. Kakb Ob TaMb HH 
OH10, 8OMIH AI HHXD HafizeTcH,—Olaro OXOTHHEH Teleph NOABHIACH. 

Bt cymnocta, Jlymb, Eakb 3aKOHOJaTexbHOMY yupemsenin, jake 
1blaTb Bb dTOMb HalpableHin Heyero. Sakon O6b OTBOAS WaCTHHMS 
JHaMb KaseHHHXb seMelb Bb Cu6apH Banncanb yxe 1aBHO,—eme 
BB 1901 rogy. Ha ocHoBaHiH ero H MpOM3BO,HAACh DOMBOLHYDA Ha- 
pbsna. 7Ecau xe JO CHXS NOpb OXOTHHKOBB H@ OTBCJCHHEIA DOMb- 
WHKAaMb SCMIH He OBIZ0, TO, KOHEYHO, Bb SHAYHTEALHOK MBps M0- 
TOMY, ITO 3@EMACOTBOAHHIA pagoTH OHH NMepeHeceHH Bb Ooa'be Aarenia 
TAaCKHNA H CTCNHNA MbCTHOCTH. IpaBya, Bb CaMOMB 38KOHB 65120 
IIpeAYCMOTPBHO, YTOOH pelwasHayaeMhiA AIA WOMBOLHKOBD 3eMIH 
«HapbsadHcb, 10 BOSMORAOCTH, BL NepeMeHEY Cb NAOMAIAMH, Hayb- 
J@HHHMH KpecTbanamMb». Caparoscrie moMBOLAKH, BO TlaBb Ch «JBO- 
psHHHHOMS bosiew mugzoctio» r. DapioBymt, Bosiaraau Take 60Xb- 
Wid Halemis Ha COBMBCTHOe Depecelenie Tyla cb UpHpyIeHHHIME 
yme MMH k&pecTbaHamH. Ho, MOBHAUMOMY, TpyAHO ObIIO0 SaCcTaBHTb 
KPECTLAHS, KOTOPHIM’S UPHXOMAIOCh 3aB0CBHBaTb Tafiry, paboTaTh BB 
10 #@ BpeMA Ha NOMBMAKOBD. Cama me 00 ceOb BHBIPATBCA CB TO- 
NOpOMb Bb ABBCTBEHHYN “ally WocabaHie HHKOTAa CRAOHHOCTH He 
uMbin... BooOme, 10ka kKO1OHHBaNi0OHRad pa6oTa mepecexeHueckaro 
yiupaBleHia COCpeMOTOUNBalach, KARL Bbipamaetca r. EK. VW. Uh., «Ha 
S@CMIAXD KaSHbl>, Halex Ha pPacnBSTb DoOMbmMuIbsrTO xossicTBa 
Rb Cu6upu 6nIO Ma. 

He TO Tellepb, KOrsa MpaBHTeAbCTBO PBIHIO pacupocTpaHATh BT 
pa6oTW H H& 8€MIH JPyTHXb BBIOMCTBb,—Bb TOM 4HCIB Ha SeOMIB 
KHPIH80Bb, KaSAaKOBb H CTAapORUIOB. 


SeMAH, DOJMemamin KOIOHHsalIA, Bb CHOHPH—Kak>d NOACHHIDT. CanaKka— 
nouzpaslbresH Ha ABB KaTeropin. Bb nepByw karTeropil0 BXOAATD H3AHIIKH 
30MIH Bb HaceeHHOA Donochb. JTa kaTeropia seMeqb caMan yOOHaA H MO- 
*KeTh OTL HEMETICHHO HCDONbZ0BaHA. Bropan kateropia —nycTHHHHA 3eMAB 
Bb HeHaceteHHOh yacTH Cu6upH *). 


Telepb, cTado ObITb, BOSMOReHD BHOOph. Kak usBBcTHO, TBOpsHe 
H81aBHa UHTalH UpHCTpacTie KB HaceJeHHHIMb SOMISMb H BlarbHie 
MMH O¥CHb JOATO CIHTAIH cBOeH BCEIOUNTCIBHOH upusBusterie#. «OrT- 
pb3skH» Re OTh KPeCThAHCKATO Halbla,—a «NepBas kaTeropix» OyseTh 
COCTOATh, TAaBHHMB OOpas0Mb, H3b HHXb,—IIpeACTAaBIAWTh, KAKb 
BLIACHHIa NOpePopMeHHas HCTOPIA, UPAMO-TAEH B80T0TOE AHO. 3a OXOT- 
HHuKaMH Ha HHXD AAO HE CTAHeTS. 

MW ecau Bb OTCYTCTBIB KelAWMUXS ABIAIOCh TNaBHOe 3aTpyAHeHie 
KB Hacamseniw NoMbmawybaro xosaticrpa BB AsiaTcKoH Pocciu, TO cb 
HHMb, MOKHO JYMaTb, WpaBHTeABCTBO OoAbIMe He BCTPBIHTCA: 8AaKOH'b 
8 inaa 1901 roga Tenepb MOmeTS OnNTD MpABeAeHS BD IbicTBIe. 


ee —_— 


*) ,Pbub*, 18 aupapa. 





HA OWFRPEXJHHS tEMHI. 167 


Tpetsei Jlymb, ecaH Hw UpHyerca 0 Yemb NOsabOTHTbCa, TO pasBB 0 
CCyAaxt oTOH JaBHO RetanHol Kateropin epecezennenb. Jeubrn Ha 
9TO, KOH@YHO, HaiyTca#,—u, ecAH 9TO OyAeTh 8aBHCBTb OTH Tocuos- 
ckOH JlymH, TO Xaxe cKopbe, 1hMb Ha PACTS. 


vlyyme YeCcTHO NPH3HaTh,—saABHAb kakb-T0 r. A. CT-Hb—4YTO MEI OTKASbI- 
BACMCA OTb YECTH MOPCKOA AepxRXABH, OTb BallHTHl CBOMXb OeperoBb. OTb 
roz0ca& Bb KOHDepTb eBpOneACKHXDd epxas’b, A OOPATHTL 9TH ACHBTH Ha 
MKOI, Ha AOPOrA, Ha NepecerenneBhb, HA ycTpoficrBo xyTopoBs. Masao an 
CCTh NONCSHHXb MpeqMeTosBy! *). 


VM paspb nombmuyse xoasitcrso He caMMii nose3sHHH usb HAX?! 

KoneyHo, Ha LYTH pasBHTid DOMBMMIbATO XOSsaiicTBa, KOra *KU3Hb 
BIacTHO Tpe6yeTb erO YHHITOMeHIA, MOMCTS elle BCTPBTATECA MHOTO 
BCHEUXS TepHift. Ho ecia MHI JONYCTHMS, ITO AWHAO NokMeTS TriasKo, 
He BCTPbuad HH cB abel cCTOPOHH! HA DOMBX#, HH CONMPOTHBIeHIS, 
TO pe@S8yAbTaTH 3eMJC-YCTPOHTCIbHHXS paooTh, kakis MpOHsBOAATCA 
HM MpoekTapyWtca 8a YpatoMth, JAX Hach OIA OTE ACHH. Dep- 
CHCKTHBH Bb HBKOTOPHXS HalpapseHiaxh—ryb ye yOuBaWTh # Ib 
OYAYTb rpaO6uTb—aA OTMBTHIS. Teneps MBB ocTaeTca mpHOaBATE enle 
OMHY JeTaAb: ,,KYIbTYpHHe OTara“, OKOO KOTOPH XB Haporb OyseTb 
yMupaTb th roxony... 

Ecaa ofa HamBTHBIMaAcA yRe KapTHHAa OCYIICCTBATCH, TO CH- 
OnpcKie BeMeIbHHe MOPAAKH OKAMYTCH «BMOIHB COrlacOBaHHEIMH» Cb 
<HayalaMu seMueycTpofictBa» Epponefticrofi Poccin. Hbrs, koHneqHo, 
HHWerO YIUBHTeAbHAaTO, YTO BAACTb, NOAS AaBleHiemb WH Mpa AbaTeAb- 
HOM yuacTiH KOTOpOH cosfaBaica arpapHut crpofi Bb sTo# nocrbzHeH, 
CTPeMHTCA PAaCIPOCTpaHHTb eFO Ha BCH HAXOAADLYHCA BL eA pacio- 
paxenia Tepputopio. Mometb 6nITb, oHa H ycIrbeTS oTO cr'baaTb. Ho 
PBOINTS arpapHH Bonpoct Bb Poccia OTS Toro, ITO OH PacmpocrTpa- 
HNTCH H H& OKPAHAH, He CTAHeTb, KOHEYHO, Aerye... 


ny 


Bowcb, TO A YTOMHID GWTaTere# Hw, ONT MOReTh, HalObIb AMS 
CnuOuphn... A shal, YTO HXB He CTOAbKO HMHTepecyeTb TO, YTO TBO- 
PHTCH H IpoeKTupyeTca ateko 3a YpasOMb, CKOIBEO TO, YTO CO- 
kepmaetca BHYyTpH Poccin... He croabko uM xoTba0cb On BUbTS, 
KAR TOTOBATCA 3aBAsaTb HOBHH yser'b, CKOILKO TO, kakb paspyOawrTs 
cTapuft. Ho a pbmHiaca Bce-TakH pease BCerO OCTAHOBATb H AOBOAbHO 
AOSTO 3alepRaTb HX BHHMAHie HA STOM, MeHbe AHTEPCCHOM, BO- 
upocb. OHS AOCTATOUHO BakeHh, TOOK Had’ AHM’ 3alyMaTbCa... 

st BcbxXd 3eMICYCTPOHTCIBAHXD ONepalifi, KakiA BXOAATS BD arpap- 
HHH N1aHb OpaBHTeIbcTBa, Mepecexenie BcTpbTHAO NoKa Han6osbMitt 
OTEAHED BR Maccaxb. Ha MHANIONS, <0 Epatineti Mbpb», AyWeBHXd 10- 
xe, KAKD MB BASAL, (pebABHAL CIPOCb XOOKM TOABKO OfHOrO 1907 
roga. BBab sTO Ba MHAMNONA AyMI OOoero Noda... Bh aTyY HMEHHO ABepb, 


*) <Hopoe Bpema», Ll snpapa. 


168 A. ILSUWIEXOHOBD. 


KOTOPy UpaBHTeAbCTBO OOBABHAO OTEPHTOH, Opocuzach HanOorbe 
SHAYHTOAbHAA YACTh UpwamaTaro Eb CTbeS EpPecTBAHCKArO HaceseHis. 
Hu ofha 48h APYTUXd SCMICYCTPOHTEALHHXL ONepanii—Hu “3b TbX1, 
KOTOPHA NpOH3BOAATCA Ha NOMBIHYDHXh 30MAAXS, HH 8b TBXY, 
KOTOPHIA IpeANPHHATH Ha HasBIbHHXb, — He MORETL NWOXBAIUTHCS, 
Kakb MH eM YBAIJHMb, TARHMb MACCOBHIMD YCIBXOMD. 

Ho abepb, Bb KOTOPyH OpocuAOCh KEPeCThAHCTBO, HEM@JICHHO 3a- 
XJONHYIX. Bt Hee, MOKETE OLITL, H OYAYTS BHILYCKAaTb, HO DOHeMHOTY... 
Bb JoMbB—kEaRB BbIpasHica ©. CTOANNMHb—oOKapt, UpaBuTedb- 
CTBO 10 STOMY CAyYaH BHIOHIO ye BCB NOYTH CTeKAa, HO @CAH BBL! 
XOTHTe€ BHATH, TO MOHeTe sTO CXbzaTh He MHAGe, Kak NO pocuuca- 
HIW, KOTOPOC COCTABATS YHOBHAHEH... HoweyHO, YTOOH HE ObIJO saTOpa. 
HeoOxogHMO yHOpAAOUWTs BHXOI>. Anorga sto H yaeTca, HO He TOrAA, 
KOrAa OCTAaBAaTbCA BE OMB Cybsaioch yxe HeBHHOCHMO. H, raaBHoe, 
He ThMb YCHOKOMBaWTS UYOARKY, ITO ZaXxIOUHBaWTh ABepH. Oxsa- 
YeHHHe WaHHEOH Abn OYAYTh JOMHTECH Bb Hee MU JaBATb Apyr) 
Apyra, oka He OpocaTca BB ApyrywW CrTopouy... 

A ne Oyny celigacbh cTaBHTb BONpoca: BL kakyho? Ja w He aTu 
MAB xoTbI0cb OH OTMBTHTD... Sagqaia oOe3ieuHTD cBOOOMHOe TeYeHie 
KOIOHHSaliOHBaro Wponecca, kakb A yKasadb Bb Haiarb, COCTaBAAeTh 
OXHY H8% cyllecTBeHHbiMuXS yactefi arpapHok mpobsemn. U Bt stoi 
YaCTH UPAaBHTeAbCTBO MOCABJHDW He paspbuus0. HanporuBn, Jaxe 
TaMb, Ty’ oeTOTh Upomecch Mors Ob WpoTekaTb pOBHO HA CBO6OHO, 
OHO 3afa10Ch IWb1b10 BHIKOUATS PBA H HACTABHTb Leperoposen. ITLMS 
Bb 3Ha4HTeIbHOH MBph onperbaseTca XapakTepb MpOdsBOLUMBIX'b UMS 
pa6oTh,—BMBCTO DpOpHTia JIA RHBHH HOBAaLO pycaa, OHO BarpoMo- 
HKlaeTs yxe uMbBmieca croku. 3a Ypanzomb esto ocodexHo xopomo 
BHIHO HN, YOO yOBIATHCA Bb STOMb, KAKb MHS KakKeTCA, CTOHAO Ha 
9TOML OCT&HOBUTbCS. 

Hakonenh, 4 cyaoCi AsiarcKo# Poccia, mpepocxogzsmefi BO MHOTO 
pasb TY TeppHTopilo, Ha KOTOpOH Bb CHAY ACTOPHYeCCKAXS YcsOBik 
CIpyjach 3HaqHTeIbHadA YcTh wHaceseHia poccifickaro rocyxapcrsa, 
HH Bb KOeCMB CAyWab He MOFYTS OHITD Jas Hach OespastH4AH. Ko 
SHaeTh, TB MH Kakb paspepHeTca Oyzymee Poccinz? ByTB MOReTS, 
TaMb, 3a YpaJoM'’b, pashrpawtca BamHbiuie akTH ef JasbAbimel 
ucTopiv. Hentps pycckoli rocyzapcTBeHHolk Ka3HH Re paab yee Mepe- 
Mboaicd ch chsepa Ha Tb u 3arbub cb ora Ha ChBeph; HBTS 
HaYerO HeBbpoaTHaro, GTO OHS Mepembulaerca Telepbh Kb WY H BO- 
cToky. Bebmt, komMy Juporo Oyzymlee Hapoga, AOIKHH OHITD O1H8EH 4 
CYABOH HeOOLATHOH wu ycTHHHOH renepb AsiatcRoi Poccia. 

OTY cTpaHy—wllycTb rpyOyW M HeKYIbTYpHyH,—HO, KAR A yRe 
CKkasal'b, ele TbBCTBEHBYO Bb arpapHHXb VTHOMeCHIAXS, HA HalIHXxh 
rla3sax'b XOTATb OOPaTHTh Bb CTpaHy TePlIHMUCTH HJH, BHpawkasch 
CHOUPCK ah Ke ABLKOMD, TEpIbanBocTH. Ea RH3Hb,—TOABKO elle HadHu- 
HAIOMLYWCH KH3Hb—HANOIHATD CBOAM’ TaMOMb H FpssbW BCABIe arpap- 








DONUT HEA. 169 


HWG HaCHADHHKH. BaITh MORCTS, CKOPO—saBTpa, MOKeTS OWTb,—Cb 
Tpeborofi a MyKoH aamMb Opuyetca NOCTaBUTh BONpOCt: 


Han nomaa TH Roporod o6nwHod, 
H pokopaa cBepmmutcs cyqb6a? 
Kro-Xb SallHTHTDS Te6a?.. 


Mnb mamerca, 470 Ayame Hab 9THMb BOUPOCOMb 3a, yMaTbod 
cerogua. Ha HeMb cAbZ;eTh OCTAHOBUTHCA XOTH OW JAA TOLO TOABKO, 
WroOh NOTOMb YRb He CilpalluBatTh: 


Kakb 20M2a TH 20 XH3HH Tako? 
A. ftwexonos>. 


(Oxonuanie crmdyems). 


[lontutTuka. 


HtkotToppbia nepcnextuBpy Hwa 1908 rogp. 


I. 


16 (3) gexadpa 1907 roga, orpomaHf daoth CoelWHeHHLIX, 
Iiitrarost ChsepHot Amepuru, co6pannnt na peizh Tamnrona Bb 
cocTaBhb MecTHagmaTH JHHeHHEIXE KopadsxehH (ockaqpeHHLIxt 6poHeHoc- 
eBb), WOCKB cMOTpa UpesujzenTa PyspeibTa, UOHAID AKOPA H ABU- 
Hysca BE Tuxili oxeant, oru6aa TOaxnyi Amepuny. HKomansyers 
sTOH Oe3snpuMbpsoh Bb IBTOUMCAXS OpoOHeHOCHHIXh JOTOBB apMa- 
ROH Bure-agmupaat Vspauch. Orono 250 Thc. TOHHD BOLOHSMBINeHIN, 
oko10 14 THC. WeOBBED okHMamxa, HBCKOIBKO COTS oOpysif, — BOT 
Bb KakHXb TCPMHHAXb oOllperbaseTca Ooesad cura aTok naaByyeli 
rpomMain. Muaaxionhl, MHOrO MMAiOHOBh 1O1IapOBb AOARAN ONT H3- 
pacxoOl0BaHH a TOro, 4TOOM AOCTABUTb 9TOTH aoTh BE Tuxifi 
OKkeaHb KB OcperaMb aMepAkaHckAXx’ Blarbaifi... PascueriuBhie aMe- 
PHEAHDE He OpocawTh BB MOpe JeHEIH TleciaBia paqu. SHAIHTS, OHH 
CUHTANTS HCOOXOAMMEIMA STH REPTBH Pal OXpabeHiA BAKHHXD AHTEPe- 
COBb. SHAYHTS, OHH CUHTAWTS STH HHTepech yrpomaeMbMu. HKcauOn 
HHTepech! OHH yrpomaemH 8b EBpPONH, TO Heib3a ON Of110 OOHaAaTL 
aTAanTHyecKaro NOGepemba. HallpoTuBh, AMeCHHO 34'bCb Hao On110 O11 cO- 
6patTb Bc MOpcKyW cuay [Itatross. Ovesa AHO, 10 MH BHI aMepHEAH EBS, 
yrposa ugeTs “3b Asin, a sa'bcb, nocrb yHauTomeHid pycckaro Jadb- 
HeEBOCTOUHAYO (AlOTa H IPH B8a4aTOUHOMD COCTOAHIN EMTAHCKAXb MOP- 
CEHXb CHIDb, YIPOMATh MOKETE TOAbKO AnoHisa. 

ApuxeHie aMe€PHKAHCKAXS ockalpt Bb Taxifi okeaHb—oTO eme He 
nofiga. OTO elle H He BBpoaTHOCTh BOHN. Ho 9T0 yRe eA BOSMOK- 





(70 Cc OW Back OB tb. 


HocTb. Mipospoe sHayeHie He TOJBKO BOHHH, HO ame UpnroToBszeBili 
kb Bons Mexzy Anoniefi nu CoezuHenuiiun [lratamu, camo co6on 
BHIPHCOBHIBACTCA SPKO-TOMHEIMH KpaCKaMH Ha OTHOCHTCIbHO ACHOMD 
TOpH30HTS coBpeMeHHaro cocTosHia Jlasbuaro Boctoka. OctTaHoBawca 
Ha TOH 9SBOAWIH, KOTOPad UpHBeAa KB HCTOPHYCCKHMS MakTaM 
CTOAb BCEMIPHO BaRHALO 3HAVeHiA. ITH GakTH AOIUKAH HalOAHUTS 
co6oW BHaqHTeABAYH yacTh 1908 roza H MHOTOe B3MBHATS BE CTpoe- 
HiH Me@#yHapowwaro NOAJATHYeCKRarO Mipa, BCe paBHO, BOHHOW HIK 
VHDHEIMB- COrdameniemb (Kkakb CkKOpbe MOMHO ORNLATh) OKOHYHTCA 
HacTosmad Tpesora. 

Bn HaHOorbe tTpepomabi aaa Jlaatbxsro§ Bocroka  mepioy, 
Ch Havaza Ookcepcro# ROKHH AH QO OKOHYAHIA pyCccKO-ANOHCEOM 
(1900—1904), Bch mopckia JepxaBhl YCHIHIH CBOH MOPCKIA CHI 
Bb BOJaXh THxaro Okeana, Bb TOME wWcrb Chpepo-Amepueancaie Co- 
eqaHenbbe D[Irarn. Onn AzoBerH cBoll Tux0-oKeaHcKifi MxoTh AO cIt- 
qywomaro cocTaBa: AsBHSiA JnneHAHXh KOpabsel (3), AH TpH Kpel- 
CEPCKHXS oCKaIph, T. e. He MeHbe 18 xpeficepoBb, Bb TOMB THCAS 
He meHbe 2 OpoHeHOCHHIXh. ITO Bb a3iATCKHX BOMAXb, & Bb AMEDPH- 
KAaHCKHXS, y Cant-PpasHCkKO, OHA AUBHSIA OpoHeHOCHeBL Oepero- 
Bo o6oponnt (3) 4 ona Kpeficepckaa AuBUsia, Apyras y Todoayazy 
(Can{BHUeBH OCTPOBa), & 3aTbM KAHOHEPEM, MHHABIA Cyza, BBCTOBHA 
HoT. J. ' 

Tart o6ctos10 ybx0 BecHow 1905 roga. Ho nporpewbab nycry- 
cKift, 60%. Y Poecin Onan oOpyOreHh ef MOpcRiA PyKA H MOpcEis 
opRaBhl BCH DOIyBCTBOBaAH OOnergeHie (Bch, Kpomb pasBb pas- 
it BB TB BpemeHa). Ilocrb nogaBaeHia OokcepcKaro JBHumeHIA 
TOIbKO HacTyHaTeibHas WOIHTHKA PocciH ABIAIach Wrpo30W Aid MHpa 
4 KYIBTYpH lampHaro Boctoka. O9Ta yrpo3a Oblia yAHITOReHA OY- 
CHMCKOH OnTBOH H MOpCcKiaA JepmaBhl HEMCTICHHO IPHCTYNHAH Kb CO- 
KpalleHilO CBOHX MOPCKUXS CHIb Bb THXOMD OKeans, Coequnenane 
Irath Bb TOMB ynCIS. Mb BEING BHISIH, FTO TlaBHOW COCTaBHOW 
YaCTBO HX'b MOPCKOH cHAbl &b TuxoMb OKeaHs On1sH MOFyMeCTBeH- 
Hbia kpelicepckis sckayphl. OHH uXb H coKpaTHan. Kpelicepost 
Bb 1901—1904 rojaxt OblI0 He MeH'be 24. OTO GAHCAO YMCHbINAIH 
BiBOe H OCTaBHAH Bb THXOMB oOKeaH'b BCcero 12 KpefcepoBt, 8b 
TOMB 4HcKB 7 y asiaTcRuxh OeperoBb wu 5 Y aMe@PHRAHCEAX®S. -Jx- 
Heigwe Kopadia OCTaJHCh Bb Npe#HeMS wnCAb, a TAKb Re Oepero- 
Be OpoHeHOCOH! uw KkanoHnepkH. Htbckoabso mpuH6aBnreHoO MHHHHXt 
CYJOBb, HO HXb MAJOYUCICHHOCTh SOTO YRE JABHO CO8HAaHHAas aMepH- 
KAHDAMH cia0ad cTOpoHa Hxb aota. Bb TakoMb BES MpeACTaBss- 
AHCb MOPCEia CHIb! CoequHeHHixt IllTatoph Bb THXOM® OKeaHb Kt 
nouny 1905 roga 4 onB He MOrAH CyMecTBeHHO H3MBHHTbCA BEYER)? 
1906 rofa 20 BOSHHKHOBeHiA KOHMIUETA BE HayaAb 1907 roga. H 
1ocaB 9eTOrO @aMePHRAHO He cpasy MOrdH C'blaTh CepbesHyW 0- 
NEITKY YPaBHATb CHAIN ABYXb BHeESAaNHO CKa8aBIIMXCA CONeCPHEIS. 

CoequHenaiie [ltathH umbioth cuIbHyit daoTrh, HO pa3zabaenaull 





HOaduTH KA. 171 


Mealy ABYMA OkKeaHaMH. Jo upopsiTia [lanamckaro kaHaza o9TO Ba 
(NOTA, KOTOPHIM' OYCHD BATPYAHHTCAbHO MOMOTATh Apyrb Apyry. da- 
HMCTBYCMB H3bB «Matin» CpaBHHTeIbHYW YHCACHHOCTH CyYOBOTO CO- 
CTAaBa MIOTOBS AMeCPHKABCKATO H ADOHCKArO, MpH6aBABb OTB cebs 
(Ha OCHOBaHiH BBIMeCNPHBeACHHHIXS AAHHHXb), CTOIOeb aMepHkau- 
CKHXB CYJOBb Bb THXOMB OKeaHB: | 


0 S as 
| 
zo &S ® 
os fs 28 
ce mm BO 
4 mi 
< ié 
JIuHeHHHIXD Kopa6seH . . .. 12 26 3 
Bpos. Seperopo# o6oposn. . 3 ll 3 
BpoHevocHnlxb Kpeficeposph . . 18 15 2 
Bponenary6unix, kpeficepoBb . 19 26 10 
Menkaxb kKpeficepoBb A KaHo- 

Hepokh . ww. 6. ww we 8 29 7 
KouTpb-MHHOHOCOeBE. .... 51 20 7 
MunonocneBb ........ 44 35 HeH3B. 
[lonBoqHHIXd NONOKB. .... 12 12 . 


Teleph JBHHYIuCh Bb Tuxiff okeant 16 amgHeHHNXt kopabsel, 
TAaBHHXDb CHHHI MOPCKOTO O08 Bb HacTOAIee BpeMA, & Cb HAaXo- 
IAIUMHCH yxe Ha MBcTB Beero OyzeTh 19 npoTuBB 12. Oxnospe- 
MeCHHO, YaCTbO paHbie, BHUIIH B3b AaMePUKAHCKAXS NOpTOBb ATIaH- 
THUeCKarO OKeaHa M0 Ha3sHayeHin Tuxaro oneana kKpeliceph, HO HH CO- 
CTAaBb, HH YHCACHHOCTh HXD HEHSBBCTHH.. CooOmManOCch TOIbKO, YTO OHH 
IPpHCOCAHHATCA Kb MAOTY BuNe-agMupaza Usanca yxe BL THxoMh 
okeaHb. I[lecTh KOHTPb-MHHOHOCHeBE HallpaBlawTca Tyfa me. He 
paHbiie mapta 1908 rogza Bea sta yrposa SinoHiH AOCTHTHeTS THXO- 
OKGAHCKEXS TeppHTOpiaibHxb BONb CoequHeHAHX® Iiltaropb. Hao 
HaXBaTLCa, YTO Kb TOMY BPCMCHH BCC YAANMTCA, & Telepb DOCMOTPEME, 
KaKb H DOWMY paskagqWuch MeKIY TAaKHMH, Kasad0ch, APySbaMH, 
Kakb Sinonia H AMepHEa. 


Il. 


Kpafine O1TUMHCTHYeCEH HACTpOeHHad NapuxRckas raseta «Temps», 
cb OoAbIN0W cHMMAaTieH OTHOCAMaaca H RB AMepHE'S, BRD Anonin, 
Takb POSWMHPyeTh UPOHcxomsenie HM CYMIHOCTh koHaAnETAa: «Lox0- 
menie Tellepb TO #e camoe, ITO ObLIO Hasayb TpH mMbCAAa, ITO OBLIO 
Hasal'b DIeCTh MBCATCBS, ITO OHIO Hasalb JeBATh Mbcanenh. Memazy 
CoesuHenaimy Iilraramu u Anonie# cymecrsyerb Hepbmensntt Bompocs, 
BONpOCch cepbe3HH, HO KOTOpHH BB HacTOAmi MOMeHTS HE 060- 
CTPaeTCH HHEAKHMA CIeNiaIbHHMH HHOHIJCHTaMH: 8TO BOLpOCh 06% 
SMMuTpativ. Snonckag wMMurpania Bb CoequneHnns® I[ltTaraxt 
Oblla OFHb SHAIHTeIbHAa 8a PAAS UVOCIBAHUXS ABTL, PeryAApHO BOs- 
pacTad H8b Toa Bb TOKb, 3a HCKINMUCHICME ABYXb BTS pyCccKo- 


172 Cc NWHAKOB BSB. \ 


- 


AMOHCKOH BOfHH. BB Kaazughopsin upoxuspaeTs oKxoao 50 THcatD 
ANOHTEBS, KOTOPHe ABIAWTCA ONACHHMH KOAKYppeaTamMu ObAOMY pa- 
OoveMy HacexeHilo: OHH HHBYTE AeMeBO H COrlacHH Ha HASITYM 3a- 
pa6oTHy maaty. Kb sTOMY 9KOHOMM4CCKOMY COMepHHyecTBY MpHOab- 
AACTCH PACOBAad HEHASHCTh, CTOIb OOLIWHaH H PacupocTpanHeHHad Bb 
CoequHenaHxt Illrataxt H HallpaBigwmascd IpOTABh wepHaro LLe- 
MCHH, K&Kb H IpOTHBB xelTaro. Herpht  kuTaingbl 00 o4epesxH 
ABIAIUCh KEPTBOW 9THXD 4BCTBD Obraro Hacedenig. Howewso, sta 
pacOBad HeTOPUHMOCTh 3aclyHHBAeTh BCAYECKArO MOPHWAaHisx, 0C0- 
OeHHO KOrfa BipamaeTca BB opmb Hacuszia. Ch pyro cTopoun, 
Heib3sa TpeOOBaTb OTH AaMCPHRAHNeEBb wALUdpepektTaaro OTHOMeHIA 
Kb yrpomaWimed aM ONAaCHOCTH. ANOBCKOe IPaBLreAbCTBO COSHATeAbHO 
orgaeTs ce6b oTgeTS Bb TOMS NoAOmeHin. UM oro wbaaeTS GOABLIyH 
yecTh ero AadbHoBaHOcTH. Ilo sto npHinEHb sAOHCKOe IpaBHTedb- 
cTBo yxe cb 1902 roqa He BHAAeCTh CBOHMS OMATPHPYNUAME KYAH 
TacHOpTOBh 00 HashHayeHiWO MATCPHEKOBEIXS TeppHTopift CoexquHeHHHXh 
IIrarost, & TOAbKO 00 HasHadeHilo AXDd OCTPOBHHX'’S BAATSAIA B aMe- 
pHEaHcKaro mpoTexTopata Ha [lanamb. LUpasruyecku ognako sarTpy- 
WHeHiA STHMS YCTPaHeHH! He ObAd: anOHCKie KYIH OpaiH nacwHopta 
Ha lapafickie ocTpoBa, a OTTYAa, Kakb 8b aMepuRKaHcKo# Teppxto- 
piu, cBo6oxHo nepebsxaiu BB Kaaudopnii au Operons. Ita Tposor- 
HaBMAaacS HMMUpalia ANOHVeEBE HW BHIBBAIa Bb 1906 roxy A3sBBCTHHE 
MkOIbHHH uaAnALeHTE: Board of Education (yupasienie Hapoysaro 
npocpbmenia) Bb Canb-PpakMAckO NOCTAaHOBHIO YAAaAHTbh ANMOHCKHXS 
IKOAbBHKOBS H3b OOMUXD MKOA, COBLABL AIA HUXD CoewiasbHo OT- 
(XbIbHEIA WKOIH. SNOHIA COBepMIeHHO CUpaBesA{ABO UpOTecTOBada ITpo- 
THB OTHXb HCKINYTCABALIXD MOcTanoBienit. Ba cyMHOCTH MIKOXb- 
Hifi BONpOCh ObLIS THM NpezAOToM: kKaluopHifinn xmexana o6pa- 
THTb BHUMAHIe COlW3HALO MpaBATeIbCTBA HA BONpOCh 06% AMMUTpAis. 
Ong atoro xocTarau. Bs maprb 1907 roja Bamuarroncsifi konrpecct 
BOTHPOBalb 8aKOH', KOTOPHML YNOJHOMOYHBAIS Dpesusedta pec- 
NyOIHKH Bb ThXb CAYIAAXS, KOA OHS COUTETH HYKHHMS, HE JO- 
NyCkaTb BhICaAKH Ha MaTepHES AMEPHKH HHOCTPAHELIXdh KYAH, NOXY- 
UHBIIAXD OT CBOETO MPABHTeEIBCTBA MaclopTa TOAbKO Ha UCTPOBHHIA 
Biaibaia [ltatons, Tyja HMMUTPHPOBABIWUIAXb H OTTYAa, yRe Bh Kaqe- 
cTBB OOnBaTereH aMepHKaHCKHXh TeppuTopifi, nepeceiaBMIHxXCA Ha 
KOHTHHCHTS. ITO OHIO MpeBocxozHoe pbimeHie. Ono usdaBiai0 mpa- 
BuTeipcTBO [lTaToBb oOTb HeoOxo_HMOeCTH TpeOoBaTD OTb ANOHCKALO 
HOBLIXS KepTBS H, BMBCTB cb TbMb, NO BHBIMNAHOCTH ABIAIOCh Mpoc- 
THM HCHOAHEHICMD ADOHCKHXS MpaBHAb 0 DacnhopTax’b. ITO He ABAA- 
IOCh OKOHYATCIBHHMb pPbUeHieMb, HO 9TO OHIO YcTpaneHieM'h MOBO- 
KOBb Kb HeNOCpeACTBCHHHMD KOHDIBETaMS. Cb TSXb NoOp'h HHYEFO 
HE C.1Y4HXOCh, ITO Ohl MOTIO YKA3HBaTb H&a uBMbHeHIe STOO nOAOmeE- 
Hid, TaKb KAKb UOXOXb aMepukancKaro MaoTa BE Tuxili okeanb MH 
He CUHTAeENS NOKyMeHiemb Ha Snogiw. UM camo rToxiiickoe 1papaTeab- 
CTBO He BHAT Bb 9TOMB NOXoAb HAYeTO HoO_ObHaro. Bompoch 06+ 











hORUTH RA. 173 


HMMATpalin HCATHXD Bb. AMeEPHKY MpeACTABAACTCH OYEHL CepbesHLIMD 
H, ecaHOnH 06a OpaBuTedscTBa MpelOcTaBHAW eMY OCAORHATECA H 06- 
OCTPATLCA, OH JOAKCHE OLLI OWL Bb GY1YMeMD MpHBecTH Kb BOLE. 
Ho na Coequnensue Ilrarn au Auonia we sacaymuBaiwrs mo,0bsare 
yopera. bess Bcakaro coMHBHIS, OHH HM BIpelb OyAYTS pabotaTh 
CpelH WapcrBywWMlaro MHPa AIA Upelyupexpenia BOSMOMAHXb ONAac- 
HocTeH». 

YTOOH JONOIHBTh STO ONTHMACTHYCCKOC, HO Bb FIaBAWXh JPTaxb 
IpaBaIbHoe wsIOReHIe PakTORb 3a Nocabsgie 9—10 wbcaness (KpoMb 
mpocroro lapsus’a, ITO 8&8 JOBATD M’BCAIeBD Ch H81anis sakona 14 MapTa 
1907 roxa xuvezo He H3WBHHAOCL), MBI SAHMCTBYeMB OpuniasbAba 
JaHHHIA 0 DepecedenyeckOMh ABuReHIN 3b Anonin Bb AMepHEY (43D 
nocabagsro oryeta Commissioner General of Immigration). OraerHuit 
TOA® KOHYaeTCA 30 ifoHa, TAK ITO DOCIbsAnI oTIeTD OObeMAeTS e- 
pioAb cb itga 1906 no 30 inna 1907 roga. 3a sTOTS CpOKd, KOTLA 
HMCHHO Pa3shITpHBaIcd ANOHO-aMepHKanCckifi KOHDAARTDS H KOTAa ONIb 
H3aHb 8akOHb 14 MapTa, cocTaBHBMif «npeBocxoqHoe pbiuenie>, 
a8iATCKHXS HMMATPAHTOBb BCTYDHIO Ha TeppHTOpin CoeHHeHHHIXd 
‘Ulratross 40,524, na 18,224 Oombme, whbMb Bb IpPeABAYMeMD OT- 
4eTHOM®E Tony. Memiy oTHMH asiaTckuMH TepecerzeniaMa mpeocdsasa- 
OTH ANOHUH, KOTOPHXS Bb NOCABAHEMS OTYETHOMD Tosy (no 30 inns 
1907 r.) nepeceznaoch BB IlratH 30,226, Trorga kak BS UpeBAAy- 
mem®b 13,835, na 16,391 mexsme. Axt ummurpania Gorbe YbMB YABOR- 
Xacb BreveHie OAHOrO roja. 

Uro Ke STO 3HaIATB? A MOHCKOe MPABHTeALCTBO MpesyUpeAWTeAbHO 
CAMO IPHHHM2eTS MBP DPOTHBS HalIHBAa ANOHCKHXD KYIH BS AMe- 
puky. AMePpHRABCK(G HaxOABTh UpewocxogHoe pbmewie (A Bb CaMOMb 
MbaB ylaikoe), H81aBb COOTBBTCTBEHHHH 8aKkOHb, & BeMHKOe Mepece- 
zeHie KeATaro DeMCHH Ha KOHTHHCHTS AMEPHEA TposommaerTca, BCce 
BOSpacTad H Kakb OW CMBACH HAIb CTO COTIACHHIMH YCHIIAMH Apy- 
HECTBCHHHXE [paBHuTeAbCTBS... Uymeca, 1a H TOIbKO. 

AaBHO CKka8aHO, 4TO He CTOHTh UHCAaTh S8aKOHOB, eCIH HX He 
ipHmbasTh. Mexly ThMb aMepHKaHOM HMCHHO Takb Woctynuan. Onu 
H8NAaAH 3aKOH'b, OTUACTH OFPaHBIHBaBMik HANAHIBb AMOHCKHXS KYIH 
Ha Aasbnifi Sanaxzp Coequnenanx’ IlltaToBb, H OCTaBHAH eFO eaTh 
Ha Hoskaxb. IIpesuzenTs PysBexbTb HA pa3sy Be BOCHOAbBOBaICA Upa- 
BOM’, KOTOpOe Camb HCOPOCHIB Y KOHTpecca, A OesyxepaRuaA BOIHA 
ANOHCKOH HMMHTpanin Cb YABOCHHOW CHIOI BaTONIAeTh pabovil pHI- 
HOK®D Jaapaaro sanaga. [louemy me upesuzeats PyssneibTb DOCTyNBIb 
TAERHMD CTPAHHHMD OOPasOMb, COBEPMeCHHO HECOOTBBICTBYHWMAMS eFo 
TBEPAOMY H NMOCISAOBATeCIBHOMY MOBECHIIO Bb APYTUXb CAYWAXS eFoO 
DOABTHUeCKOH rhaTerbHocTH? Hago mosaraTb, He NOTOMY, JTO He we- 
xan. Hayo .yMatTb, He MOP. 

SanoHb 14 mapra 1907 roga On KoMMeHCaniei BB mombsy AMe- 
PHEH 88 YCTYINKH ANOHDAMb BE DIKOSLHOMB Bopoc’. [ocranossenie 
KainpopHificsaro Board ot Education Onad0 OTM'BHeEHO, SANOHDB 


174 cL WRAEROB SS. 


BOSCTAHOBHAH PaBHONpaBie Cb APYTHMH NHOCTPAHDaMA, HO 3a TO J0- 
CTYND UX KYM OWA OTPAHH4eHS HOBLIMB 2aKOHOM. OAHAKO Tepe- 
TOBOPLI MexKAY TOKIMCKHMS HM BAUIMETTQHCKUMD OpaBNTeIbCTBAMH OTHMD 
He saBePMHANCh H Wposormainch. [[poxormawTca weperoBoph H Te- 
nepb. Ecau Slnosxia movemMy-1460° BOCNpoTHBAAaCh UpuMbrexiw 3a- 
KOHa, TO BB YClOBiaxt MBcTa H BPCMCHH OHA ObI1a BOOB Bb CHAAXS 
He JONYCTHTh aTorO WpuMbacHix. Booznb rocnogcrBya Ha Mops, amMba 
Tepexb coook) He 3allHMenhhe aMepHkancsie Oepera, oOtalan Orpom- 
HOW pekpacHoWw apMielw opoTHBb Hebombmo# apmin CoequBeHBHXt 
UItaTtopb, 0H& MOFdi AHETOBATb APYecTBeHHOH AepmaBh ex nowepe- 
Hie. Uepest JeBaTh M'BCADeBS OesycBUAHXS APyRecTBeHHHXD Mepe- 
ropoponb Coequnenune [tar ABHHYIH MOpcKy!o rpomagy BB Tuxiti 
OkeaHtb. Mil He SHaeCMb eA HasHayeHia, HO BCAKOMY OVeBHAHO, ITO 
ef O0ABJeHie Y AMOPHKAHCEHX THXO-OKCAHCRHXB GOeperoBh YcTpa- 
HAeTh H MOPCKOe TocnoscTBO ANOHiH, H BOSMOMHOCTD eccaBTa Ha 
3anagune Oepera [raropn. Tora MomxHO OyeTh BCHOMHATb H O 3a- 
KonB 14 mapra 1907 roga. Brpogemt, Bago HaxbATBCA, 4TO eDle 
panbe APYKeCTBCHHLIE MeperoBOPH MPABEAYTS Kb COrsaMeHiW HW PACTS 
ayMupaiza Vaca, cocayxuBb Ooibmyn cayx6y cBoelt poxuA, copep- 
MATS MpOcTo IpisTHY! MOPCEYW Mpory.ary. 


Ii. 


OUTHMH3MB OUTHMH8MOMb H IPH TOMDb H& STOTS Pasb, HA YTOTL 
TONb, Ha YTY Uporyany agm. Wpanca sTOTh ONTHMH3Mb UM'bETS J0- 
CTAaTOUHHA H BBCKIA OCHOBaHiag, HO Hanopb meaTol pach Ha BC 6e- 
pera Tuxaro okeaHa, yxe 3aHaTHe O10 pacow, COCTaB&AAeTL Tako# 
BhiawMifica PakTb, ITO OTBByaTb Ha HELO MacnOpTHOW CHCTeMON H 
AYMATb S9THMD TYTeM OCTAHOBETS CTOIb MOMHYNH SBOINUIN sHaqHA0 
OH ye COBCBMB He CUHTATLCA Cb UCTOPHYCCKOW H 9KOHOMA4CCKOW 
HEOOXOAHMOCTEIO H YOSWEHBATD ceOa OabyMKHHHIMA CkasKaMH. BR yeM> 
BaKINYACTCA 9TA HCTOPHYeCKas HeOOXOAMMOCTh H KAaKOBAI 6H WaHCchl 
BB 9TOMB Wponecch,—0Ob oTOMb MEI CKARCMb HK, a Telepb elle 
HBCKOIDEO (AKTOBB COBpeMeHHOH uCTOpHyecKoH musHH Tuxaro OkeaHa 
H ero GeperoBh, PakTOBS, NoOAnbe OOPACOBHBaNMUXS TY CHTyanip, 
Ha WOUBB KOTOpOH BHIPOCIH COBPeMeHHHIG KOHDIAETH. 

Ba’ Kanarb, Ha ef 3aaqHHxb Oeperaxth, OMHBaeMHXb THXHM'b 
OKGAHOM’, IPOMCXOAUTS NpHOAUSHTeCABHO TO He, YTO HBB Kaxudopsix. 
Ta me yculeHHad MMMHTpalid ANOHCKHXS KYIH, Ta He KOHKYPpeHMia 
uXb OBIOMY HaceleHiW, Take BpawleOHOcTh MEKAY ABYMA pacamH, 
TB He [pakH H WOPOW KpOBaBIA DOOOMMAa, TO me cTapanie kawayckaro 
IIpaBHTeIbCTBA OCTAHOBHTb STY BOABY Nepecexenia aw TH Re Apyxect- 
BeHHHe MeperoBOpH BE TokiO Cb TBMH xe MpeBOCXOAHHMH pesyAb- 
TaTaMH Bb CMLICAS corsmacia A Cb TBMB He, JO nociwONA20 BpemeHU, 
OTCYTCTBiCMb Pe3YAbTATOBb Bb CMHCAB cOKpallenia ANOHCKOH HMMUIpa- 














NnodZuHTAEA. . 1t5 


nin. Borh nocabagia uspbcTiq 0 AOMOraTeabCTBaXb Kanasckaro mpa- 
BHTCABCTBS HM CFO JHNIAOMATHICCKHXS YCIXaxX'b. 

«/Iondoxs 31 (18) ger. Ilo cababaiaut, novepiayTHMb u38b Od)- 
@MADiaIbHHXS aHTIiCKHXh H AWOHCKHX'S HCTOYHHKOBD, MeperoBophl, 
Kacablieca Boupoca 06% AMMHIpallin anoHneBS Bb Kanasy, BexyTc:: 
Bb CaMOMb ApykecTBeHHON’D TORS. ANAriifickad AMMAOMATiA HAXOJATC: 
Bb KypcB MeperoBopoBsh, HO TAaBHYN pOAb UpesOcTaBnAa UpaBuTead- 
cTBY Hanaih,kakb cTopous, Hanborbe 3aunTepecoBanaAok. Korgza Jlempbe, 
KaHalckifi KOMMHCCapb, KOMAHAHPOBaHHH 00 sToMy Wbay BB Hno0HIn, 
BOsBpaTuTca BB Kasay, upasutezncTBo Kanagbl He MpeMAHeTS C006- 
M{HTb OpHTAaBCKOMY CBOW TOUKY SpbHia mo sTOMy BONMpocy» (Azenm- 
cmseo Petimepa). Uto TeperoBOpH BeYTCA MeRLY COWBHHKAMH Bb Apy- 
HECTBEHHOMD TOHB, 9TO CaMO COOOW pasyM’beTcH aA coBepMeHHO 0- 
HATHO, HO He COBCBMb MOHSTHO, no Kako npuqHAS Oompme roza 
HeperoBopH UupeOnipala BCe TOIbKO Bh (asHCb ApyRecTBeHHAarLO TOHA. 

Jlembe MemY TBM BO3BPAaTHICA H JOJORHID' CBOeEMY DpaBHTeJb- 
CTBY pesyabTaTH cBoe MucciH. O6b osToMb BB «Temps» orb 23 (10) 
SHBapd HAXOLUMD cIbAyMia cBBABHIiA: «MHHUCTPD TOproBln Jlembe 
CAbAaIb BUepa (T. @. 21 SHB. H. CT.) BL Dagar oOMMHDS KOMOHIH 
JaBHO waHHoe cooOmexie o cBoe Muccix BB Anonin. Ont npoyers 
CHavala MHCbMO BHEOHTa Taam (HHHB MMHHCTpa HHOCTPAHHHX') 
Abab Bb AnoHiH), Bb KOTOPOMb TOTh 3aABAKCTS, ITO ANOHCKOG Ipa- 
BHTCIbCTBO HaCTaHBaTb H&A TOYHOMD A NOAHOMD OCYDIECTBICHIN 1paBh 
H LWpHBalerii ANOHCKBXD FpaRlaht, KAR OHH YCAOBACHH pane co- 
CTOABIIHMHCH ANOHO-KabaICKHMH COrsameHiaMH, He HaMbpexo BD. 
TBXb CHYWasXb, KOIAAa AX UpHMbHeHIe CTAXEHBAeTCA cO cHeniatb- 
HHIMH YCAOBiSMH, MOTYILMMM BOSHHKATS BE Hana’ oTb BpeMeHH Jv 
BpeMeHH. ALNOHCKOe IpaBHTCIBCTBO PBIIHAO 10 BOSMORHOCTH COKpa- 
TATh OMBTpanin usb Anonin Bb Hakaky, HACKOAbKO 8TO COBMBCTHMO 
Cb JYXOMB YOMAHYTHXE cormamesii H JOCTOHHCTBOMb HMUepiL. 
JlemBe cooOMHAb Jalbile, 4ro BreveHie MeperoBOpoBh ANOHCKEM'L 
IpPAaBHTeIbCTBOMS OWIH BLIPabOTAaHH NPaBHAa® H CTPOTid HHCTPYEDIH, 
PasOClaHHhia MBCTHHIMS BAACTAME H ANOHCKHMD KOHCYIaMb BB Ha- 
Hamb. Jlembe HaxXOAHUTb 9TO YperyinHpoBaHie YAOBICTBOPATCALHLIMD>. 
Jlembe yblarb cBoe coo6bmenie 21 (8) aHB., OHO OCHOBHIBAIOCh Ha 
UpaBHAaxXh H CTPOTHX’b HACTPYKUIAXS, YCTAHOBICHHHX'S Bb OITHOCTD 
ero Bb Tokio, T. @. He No3ske Havata ABBaps. Tbmb we MeH'be, 
omh 22 (9) saHB. areutctBO Pefirepa cooOmaeTs usb Bauaxropix 
(rz. Tropoxb 3anaqwoh tTuxo-oKeanckoh Hanagll), 4TO Bb eTOTb 
Zeus Tyja <ipHOnms napoxorp Ylandcdans oTb noproBb Mexukn, 
uMba Ha OOPTY TDPHINATh OHOTO ANOHCKATO Naccamupa, xomopoimr 
BCRHMS BUCAOKA OdlMa BOCNpeUMeHA KOAOKIAALNIMU BLAaCMAMU. ITO 
neppoe UpHM’bsenie HesaBHO' B37aHHaro 8akOHa, MO KOTOPOMY HM- 
MBIpasTH AOARHA NPHOLBATh HEMOCpeACTBeEHHO HB CBOErO OTeVeCTBA. 
Heab3ai COMHBBaThCA Bb TOMb, ITO Bh JaHHOMB Clywab AMOHCKOe 
UpaBuTexbcTBoO Ob110 BOOTHS ucKpesHo. Ccoputsca cb Axnraieh emy, 


176 CG WHA K OBR 


KOHEYHO, BOBCe He yAbOasocb. Boawa ANOHCKATO ABHAeHIA HA KYIb- 
TypHHe Oepera Tuxaro OnxeaHa He CTHXAaeTH OHAKO NOS «<CTPOTHMH 
HHCTPYKUiAMH». Kanakckoe WpaBATeIbCTBO OCTAHOBHAOCh H Ha APyTOM'h 
cnoco6b. OHO H3falO 8aKkOHb, AHALOrHYBHH BalIMHITOHCKOMY OTB 14 
MapTa, H CTaJO HeMeINeHHO Upumbuats ero. [loxb muToMb anrsid- 
cko# MopcKoH MomH, Hanaza MOReTA He KLATb apMAIW LAA IpAMs- 
HeHIA HOBarO 8akOHa. 

Enme pbmatersybe noctaBlenb Bonpocth 06% asiarcko# uMMurpa- 
in Bb AspcTpagziv. Yee jaBHo ABCTpalid IPHHAMANa BCeBOSMORHHA 
MBpH Kb CTBCHeEHiW H BOCOpemenii asiarcko umMurpanin. Bs 10 
BpeMaA W510 WAO O RuTanDaxkh, HO TB HC 3akOHb NPAMBHAIHCE H ED 
HHycaMh, H Kb HHJO-kuTaboaMb, a Teleph IPHMBHAWTCH H Kb ANOH- 
amb. Torifickoe IpaBuTeIbcTBO He pasb yRe KasOBaNOch Bb .JLOHAOHS 
Ha 8TO OTHWAb He APyRecTBeHHOe OTHOMeHIe Ha TeppHTOpPIH CowWnHOs 
RKepmasy. Msn Jlonyona npoboBaia ame noBsisTb, ‘HO Gesycr'bmH0 
H ABCTpadqia CTata TOTOBUTBCA CaM Kb BOSMOMHOMY OTHOPy. O1s 30 
(17) gek. 43% Mean6ypHa «ArentcTso Pelirepa» coo6ma0, ITO «Bh 
naplaMeHTb coeqwHeHHOH pecnyOinkH NpeMbeph cooOmarh O IpHHBH- 
M@eQMEIXD IpaBHTCIbCTBOMb Mbpaxb KB OOesmeyeHiM OOOPOHH cTpanH. 
OHS CKa3aib, 4TO MpaBHTeIbCTBO pbmuA0 exeroxHO upiodpbratb 10 
TPH MOABOAHEIXS AOAKH H 10 (Ba KOHTPb-MAHOHOCHA Camaro CHAbHArO 
THNa HH Haj’beTca sTuMb OOes0nacaTL Oepera OTS BHEsaHaro Hala- 
qeHia. CyXONYTHHA BOCHHHA CHIL MPOCKTBPyeTCA TOM 3HadHTeALHO 
yBelH¥HTh. Bb sTHXb BHAAXS UpexlotaraeTcsA BBeCTH O6a3aTeAbHOe 
ROeHHOe OOyyeHie BCBXE MOAOAWXE eH, HAaIWHAA Cb BOCEMHAMMATHA 
abrh. Mogognie 12H OYAYTS cosHBaTLcA emeroiyo (BTeyeHie Tpexb 
XbTb) H& MeCTHaITaTh Ake. OTHMDL NYTCEME Bb CPaBHATeIbHO HesHa- 
YHTCAbHHH CPOKb MORMHO PASCUHTHBATh HMBTE 215 THC. YIOBIETBO- 
puHTezbHO o6yqeHHoH apmiu». [pu umbmgefi no1uTHyeckoh KOHBHH- 
KTYPbB 9TH UPHTOTOBIeHia ABCTpatid KakB OYTO HSAHINAAA POCKOMS, 
NOTOMY 4TO OpuTanckii aoTh UpHEpHBaeTb Oepera aw AsBcTpanis. 
OxWakO NONATHYECKAS KOHBOHETYPA MORETE usw bHUTECA. AnTsificaia 
MOPCKIS CHIH BPOMCHHO MOTYTS OITA SalepmaHbl APYraMu oepaniaMe 
H HalO CYMBTb 8aMaTHTb ce6a A AOMMATEcA OCBOOOMACHIA AOCTATOY- 
HHXb MOPCKAXD CHAb METPONOIA AIA OTPameHiA ANONCKarO Hallase- 
Nenis. ABCTpamifNh IpeAYCMOTPHTCAbHO IPHHHMAIOTS MBpH Ha BCaRIA 
cayyai, Ha camBl xyamif# BosMomHNH cayaai. Warepecno, 4¥To 9TH 
cepbesHhe H OCBBAOMICHHBIC AWIH CYHTANTb Hallayenie ANOADeBS 
BBPOATHHIM', KOHCYHO, BB ClyGab coBepmMeHHO HYM'BHABMeHCA NOSHTH- 
qeckoH KOHBIONKTYpH... 








1OJHTREA. 177 


IV. 


Hecomabano, 4TO ANOHCKOG MpABUTeALCTBO KelaeTh MUPHO fAa- 
NHTh BC'S CBOH KOHQAWETH Ch AHTAO-CAKCaMH, 3aHABINEMH H 32Ce- 
AHBIIHMH CTOIb SHAYATCIBHYH YACTh THXO-OKCAHCKHXDE OeperoBs. JrTa 
YaCTb H COCTABISCTh CAHHCTBCHHHA KYABTYPHHIA CTpanH M0 eBporeii- 
ckOMy THOY Ha Tuxomsb Oxeant, T. @. CTPpaHbl, KOTOPHA, OTAHYAACb 
upocBSmeviemb, NOluTHYeCKOH cBOGosOK HM HAKONICHHEIMU OoraTcTBaMH, 
BMBCTB Cb ThMB OTIMYAWTCA KANHTAIH3MOMb H eFO SHEpruyecKuyh 
poctomsb. Maye ropops, onb MOryTb NoriomatTh Bce BOspacTawulees 
KOIHYCCTBO UpodeTapieBb, SBIAACbh Bb STOMB SHateHiH cTpanHaMu 
C(HHCTBCHHHMH OTS E.Bponht wa s3anagb gO Exsponnt na socrors. 
EcrecTseHao, eCid alouckifi MpozeTapiaTb Bb NONCKAXS 3a paboTofi 
CHa HMCHHO H HaupaBHIb cBoe Mepecezenie. Ho noyemy On BhI- 
HYRICHD HCKATb padoTH JazekO BH pOsHHhl H BAB TXB crpay's, 
KOTOPHIA HefaBHO Opyxie ANOHDEBS OTEPHJO ANOHCKOMY TpyAy H Ka- 
NaTary ? 

Crpanh ota (Kopes, Keantyn, wxaan Mannumypis, omanit Ca- 
XAIHHB) He KYABTYPHH Bb eBPOMeHCKOMS CMBICIB. OTO HAN Hesace- 
SJ@HHH€ UYCTHDPH, HAA Kpafi HaTypaabHaro xosafictBa. Jatcp Haligetca 
Xb10 KOJOHHCTY-3OMIJEXBIBNY WH KYNDY, @ 3& AHMH HA MpONLIIeHBHKy, 
Ipexse BCero TOPHONPOMHMIMeHHMKY. Sa bob HagOORH KaNHTaAIHCTHl H, 
eclH Y SIOHMeBS HafizeTca JOcTaTOWRO KauATaIoBd, ENTaliuo Maus- 
uxypin H KOpeANW MOFyTb NpHHeCTH HM OOMIDHHA Jann. 3a ANOH- 
CKHMb KaNWTAIOMh MOXCTD NPOHHKHYTb HW ANOHCKIA mpozeTapiii. Ko- 
HewHO, HO TPyA® KOpefineBS Hu KuTaiineBS elle Aewlenre Tpyja Alva- 
ebb, &@ KANHTaIb He pasIHIaeTh CKOHXD UH WYWHXS, <1uDIb ON 0- 
xorb». Haxonent, ecau6nl HW OTKPHACA Bb OyAyUeMb BO BHOBb IIpi- 
oOpbreHHHXD CTpahaxtb PHHOK JAA ANOHCKATO TPyya, 9TO BbAb Ta 
YauTa, koTopaa Byerh, Korga-TO upibjerh, a paooTa HymHAa Tellepb. 
sabch DOHTPh TARKECTH BCerO BO!TpOCa. 

Ypaekaemad GaeckoMb eBpolviickoh nusnia3anin, Anosia o1nec- 
iach 46386 EPHTHKH Kb pasHiMb cTOPpOHaM' oTo OuBnIn3alin. Ova 
lepecakHBala Kb ceOb Bob yupemsjenia, Bch Hayana, web Popul 
eppouetcko# oOmectBeHHoH KusHH. Ona HW NOAydHaa BCe: passopeHnoe 
SOMHEMBIBYECKO® HaceleHie, HamoO.1OBHHy oOOde33emereHAOe; ONCTpUve 
pasBATie KANHTAINeTuveckoH MpOMBINIeHHOCTH Cb OFPOMHBIMD WHC.1OM'L 
ipozerapiesb; TpoMalub OKetb Ch HE MCHbe rpoMaJHbIMb Tocy- 
JapCTBEHHHMD JOATOML; OTPOMHLIX BOCHHO-CYXOUYTHIIA H BOeUHO-MOp- 
ckid CHAM; VeTBEPTH BB Mipb LO TUHHAKY KOMMCpNeCKiA DaAvTh, UT. ., 
HT. X. BB Hayaab woparo cTojbtig ofa kOJOCCAIBHAA SBOAMMIA Hadqasa 
go.1e6aTbcd. Dalla IpPOMBIMIeHHOc Tb, OLLIH TOBAPH, OLLI OlpOMHEIA Tpau- 
CHOPTHHIA CpeACTBa, HO He XBaTu.10 Norpeduteas. Bb spayuterbaoll wbpb, 
pyYCCKO-ANOHCKad Botta Obl1a BLISBAaHa 9THMD ANOHUKUMD TOproBo-lpo- 

Ausapp. Otabar Il. 12 


178 Cc WKAKOB SS. 


MHUIDICHHLIMS KDASHCOMD. Ra3zaroch, 1MeHAO Poccia mburaeTh ANOHDANT 
HIBPOKO NOAL30BaTbCA TatbHEBOCTOUHLIMA pHakawH. Boiina ycrpanaiza 
pycckia UpensrcrTBia, MO He ycTpanHia EpH3Hca. Ma yxe roBopaAL 
0 3HaNeHiH BHOBb NpioOpbreHHWXb 8eMe1b IHMb Bb Oyxymemb. Du- 
TATBCA, OJHAKO, HaAO Tenepb. I[pomumienani kpH3sacb u 6e3% Toro 
BHIGOPOCHAG H& PHHOKB MACCH GOe3pabvuTAHIXt, &@ Dpoyommawmeecs 
pas3openie H o6essemeteHie semieqbrabyeckaro§=6HacezeHia mpH6a- 
BIACTb Kb HEMY HOBNA H HOBMIA MACCHI BB TO BPeM#, Kakb 4pe3- 
BLIGaHnad ObICTPOTA Pa3MHOReHIA YBEIHINBAeTL Cb TAKOW me On- 
CTPOTUIO FTHC19 proBb. laa MACCLI AMOACKArO Mpo.etapiata oma pa- 
OoTH. He XBaraeTL, @& BHOBb piob6pbrenwua oOmNpHNA seMAN He 
JIA uposerapient 3anaTH. A tramp uMb He XBaTaeTB MBcTa. OBH A 
ctpematc1? BL Ranazy u pb Coeguaennne IiIratn (Asctpastia saka- 
gana), Tab ecTbh xXoOpomlo onsaqnBaeMad pahoTa HH BO3MO7KHOCTB 
Gesthagaro cymecTB BaHiv. OTO TAaKb eCTeCTBEHRO, jake HeH3- 
OBRHO. 

OcTaHOBHTbh 9TY BOIRY MGRHO TOABKO CHOW, Kak OTO CXbAaIa 
Apctpagia H Kakb 9TO NpOoyHTS AbaaTh cb GHoabmno01 CccCTOpoRHOCTLW 
Ragaga u Ulratrn. Amonckoe MpanuTeaAbCTBO, XOTA TOAe Cb 60.1bNIOW 
OCTOPORHOCTHIO, YAOB.ACTROPUTh 6d Nacmonwmee opeun meTaHie Kanain 
H AMCDHKH, HO CHO CAMO OFrOBapHBaeTca (BHINe Bh MHCbMB BHEOHTA ~ 
Taxi kb MunuCTpy. Iembe), 4YTO 8TO BPeMCHANMA Cb ero CTOPORH 
mbpp. VWuage uw 6nith He MoxcrS. Tenepp oHO BrOrHB AoOpocy- 
BBCTHO MOKEI'L CTPOEMHTbCA H3OaBATh amMepHkanckie Gepera Taxaru 
OKeaHa OTD ANOHCKHXS KY1H, HO 3THM'b KYAH HAO Ke KOPMHTECA 
rab-Hn6vlb H KakD HHOyaD! Ecan # Bipedb aAnOHCKag NpoMulm.tes- 
HocTh He OyAeTb BMBMAaTh BeCh AUOHCKIA OpojzetapiaTb WH MOTsAon{aTb 
ero HOBbIG KOHTHATCATH, BHICLIAUeMBIe Zepepse Hw NOpomZaemnlc 
pa3MHoOKeHieMb, TO HHKAKOG NpaBuTeabcTBO He OyJeTb Bb CoOcToRAIH 
ClepRaTb HaposHba TpedoBanis, Crporia HACTpyKUIM He OyAYTS Ncnodl- 
HATCH H MacnopTa OyAyTb BAAaBaThcd. 

Ho aTo ovaTb-Taxw YauTa bleTb, &@ NOKYa ANOHCKOe IIpaBE- 
TeIbCTRO CTapaeTcsH ClepmaTb oMurpaniio kyin 83% Anonin. Ito 
aeTh OCHOBaHie BBPHTb Bh MBPb HA BoTaxb Taxaro oKeasa 
Bh 1908 roxyy. Ch stow yob6pow ranoTe3s0oW UM Cb TAKAMH we 100- 
pLIM nose Punta MEI H 3akOHNHMB ceroqna Hamy Gecbay o AbKO- 
TOPHXL HePpcnekTHBaXb HOBATO Toda. 
C. HOmaxos. 


HOBhIA KHBIPH. 179 


HoBhIA KHUTH. 


M. B. losnaps-sanoapcKit#. Hxeann AekaGpucross. M. 1907. 
VIII-+-423 erp. IL. 1 p. 25 x 

M. B. Jonnaps-dauoancrié. MemyapH JenaOpueross. (3anucnn, 
NHChMA, DOKAsaHiA, UPOOKTH KOHCTATYUIA, H3BIeEYeEHHHIG HIb CABACTRCHHArO 
Abia, cb BBoAHOH cTaTBeb). Kieps, 1906. XLIV-+-346 ctp. Il. 1 p. 50 x. 


Bs nmocabagie roqn nayichie wcTopi AeKkaOpucTOBB BCTYMMI0 Bb 
HOBHA dasuch, Ozarofsapa TOMY, YTO Hepels BCTOPHKAMH OTKPHIACb, 
HaBOHEIb, BOSMOMHOCTh SHAKOMHTECH Cb XpaHamuMca Bb Tocysap- 
CTBEHHOMB APXuBS CABACTBCHHLIMD AbIOMB O Jekabpuctaxs. |b.10 
BTO, 10 CipaBezuHBOMy 3am'byaHilo r. Jopaapt-danospckaro BB Mmpe- 
AWCIOBIH Kb H3AAHHHIMS UMD «Memyapam’b.\CkaOpuCTOBLY, JaeTb «Bb 
Bhicwieli cTeveHH HHTepecHh MaTepialb 14 XapakTepHCTHEY JAD H 
WhaoH S10XH», MaTepialb, KOTOPHH «BO MHOrHXxb OTHOWeRIAXt ro- 
pa340 uATepecHbe ThXb HOMHOTOUNCICHHHXS SallHCOK WekadpucroBs, 
KOTOPHIA ObIM HAalBCaHh HMM yRe BUOCIBACTBI, Bb CTapocTHA, KOTIa 
GYBCTBA OXJaIb1, KOTA®a WaMATb NOuCTepja Jake MHOFie 91H30AH BL 
mH3HH Taiinaro O6mecTBa». Bb saagntTerbHoli Mbpb aMeHAO 9TOTh 
maTepialb, 8ak1almMilica Bb CIBACTBEHHOMD ABAB O Jekadpucrax, 
H Wolomenb Lf. JOBAapb-SanoO1bCKUMb Bb OCHUBY eFo KHHTH «A yeaiH 
AKexaOpuctoBb». Locabyjusa pa3abieha aBTOpoMb Ha& TPH WaCcTH: Bb 
nepsoi, Hocame# xapaktepb BHedeHis, OH'b ONNCHIBaeT peaklionAy10 
noquTurky Adekcasipa I moyb KOHeEDS ero Wapcrsopadisx, BO BTopolt 
HSAalTaeTh BarajaIbt AekaOpACTOBb Ha COBpeMeHHHA HMB coniaabuniit 
H NOAUTHYeCKIA cTpoH Pocciu u Bb TheTbeli AaeTb O630pb cocTa- 
BICHHUXB AeKAOpAcTaMH MpvekTOBB KOHCTHTYyWIA. L3b oTHXD TPex>d 
yacTel KHHTH Yr JlosHapb-danospckaro HauMeH'be coxepmareibnoli y 
NO SAKIOIAWIWNACA Bb Heli BhIsOJaMb, H 10 BBCCHHUMY Bb Hee Ma- 
Tepiazy ABIseTCd NepBad YaCTh, Bb KOTUPOH aBTopb AXDIb Bocipo- 
H3BOAHTH ABKVTOPHE JOBOADHO HBBECTHLIC Paktil, XapaxTepusyontie 
UpaveTeIbCTBEHHY!O HW OOWeCTBeEHBYIO peakuilo NocabAHHXDS XbTb Wap- 
cTBoBaHia Aaekcanapa I. Topasso 6orbe HuTepecHbt BrOpas HM TpeTss 
GacTb KHATH, Bb KOTOPHIXD HAeTh Pbub yee O ACKaOpncTaxd, NpH- 
YeML ABTOPh WHpOKO NOAb3yeTCH MaTepiataMu C.1BACTBEHHALO Wbla Hv 
TAaKHMb DYTEMb BBOAHTS BL CBOe H310KeHie PAI’b HOBBIX’ HCTOUBH- 
KkoBB. Ipasya, cBoe Hcuorbs0Banie nocibanuxs FY. Jlopdapb-dalo.rb- 
Ckid orpaHH4uBacTh NO UpenMyWecrBy AWIWb Wpoctow Nepesagyel no- 
KasaHii AeKAOPHCTOBS MU epeCkKa3soM’h KOHCTHTYOIOBHEIXS MpOeKTOBL 
HOCABAHAX, HE MosBeprad cBoH MaTepiadb CKOIbKO-HHOYAb CAOHOMY 
KPHTHYeCKOMY AHAIH3yY H He JIhITasCh HYTeMb TAKOTO aHaan3a 61nRe 
NOAvATH Kb Ope beni HCTUYHUKOBD UAeHHATO TBOPIecTBa JeKkabpH- 
cToBb. Baarogaps sTOMY BIBUA aBTOpa Hepbako caAMMIKOMB ObABL 

12® 


180 HOBLIA KHHUIH. 


NO CpaBHeHilo Cb TBM MaTepiatomMb, Kako HaxoHAcd Bb ero pacno- 
paxenin. Ho camMb ororb MaTepiatb BO BCAKOMb cayaaB coxpanaerTs 
cBholo Whay u Abaaerb KeuTy YL. JlopHapb-dallodsckaro, HalucanHyw 
Kb TOMY HC Cb FOCTaTOUHOH MpocToTOH WH MOUYAAPHOCTSW, DO1e3HbIMb 
mpic6pbrevient Bb Hamel ucTopuyeckoH anTepatyps. 

Keau «Ll geaan jexa6pucrosb» r. Jupaap'b-daloipckaro mpegcta- 
BIMIOTH HATCDECh TaQBHRIMb OOpazsOMh Jad WHPOKRAXb EPYTOBb YH- 
Tawulel Wy61nke, To H3anuble ThMb we aBTupoMb «Memyaph Acka- 
OPHCTOBD» JOAN CleniaiIbHO SanKTepeCcOBaTb JHOb, 3aHATHXD Cako- 
CTOATGADHLINS H3ydeniemt  HCTOpid JekadpucToBb. dardaBie osTo# 
RHUrM Hecopcby’p Tro1no. Ea cosepxkanie ropa3jo0 aAyamle Hu ToUAbe 
lepeaeTcaA €A NOAZRATOAOBKOM'’ — «3aNACKH, MHCLM@, MOKasaHid H 
IIPpOeKTH KUOACTHTYHIf, W3B1eGeHAe W3b caAbAcTBeHHarO Wbaa». Ma- 
repiayb, BKAUOeENHEA Pr. JOBNaAph-3anoIbCEHMS BB 9TO H3jahie, BECbMa 
passoodpasenh. Alb BCTPByaeMb 326Cb PANS BaNNcOKb O TaHHOMS 
GOuleCTBS, UpHHasIekanixd wepy M. ®. Opszona, H. Komaposa, Ha- 
Kuitht Mypasbespa uw KH. C. I. Tpy6eukoro, 13paeyenia 43% WoKasanifi 
ku. C. II. fpydeuxoro, A. Bectyxeza, Barenbxosa, A. Tlogxio u Bo- 
OpumeBa-TyuminnHa 1l-ro, whCKOADKO MHCeMb weKaOpHCTOBb Kb HME. 
Hako1ai0, UNchuo MojAKoBHUKa Byraropa Rb BH. KH. Maxauay [asao- 
BHYY, HAUNCaHHoe Bb J523 r. uHcbMo Mypasbesa-Anocto.ia kb Opary, 
npoesr, Koucruryuia Hirarat Mypaspepa, Bocipousreyenant nocaba- 
HUM Bh Kpbirocrat m0 ThedoBaniio carbljopateieli, Taxoh #e 1poeKTs, 
Haliqenniii Bb OyMarax’h KH. Tpy6elkoru, 4 WpoekTh MaHudecta, Hali- 
ACHHHA Bb Thx ave 6yMaraxb. Becb aTors pasnoobpaskan MaTepiats, 
SAKIWUAOMNA Bb ceOB payb TIOOONLTHXS cBbabwit 06+ oTIbIbHHXS 
MOMCHTOX' Bb KH3HH TAHHHIXS OOWecTB AdeKCaHIpOBCKOH aNOxH H 
OO OTABADHLIXL AWWAX'b, CBAZAHHDIXS Cb STOMH OOULECTBAMH, TBM 
Oorbe WbucHb, ITO YO WocAbAwATO BpeMeHH OH OCTABaIcA COBep- 
WeHHO HeHCHOID30BQHBLIMb w3cabgoBaTeasmu. Ch cpBoef cTOpOoHH 
Tr. LopHap’s-Saorbckifi, 131abasd HaSBaHHbIe JOKYMCHTH, CHa6l{Ha'b HXb 
BBOAHOH CraTbefi, Bb KOTOPOH Bb OOMIUXb YepTaxd OWbHHBAeTh Xd 
SHavenie B41 ucTOpiN WekaGpucToBb, HU MMeHHALIM'b yRasateremb. «MH 
HE COWL HYKAMM'b —TOBOPHTb OHb—lIPHCORHHHTh 3aM'BIaHid, Pas‘b- 
ACUAIOUH JOCTOBBPHOCTh HAN HEAOCTOBSpPHOCTS PakTOBd, COOOMACMEIXS 
MeMyapaMil. Hamb kagercd, YTO OT STOTO H86aBIAeTS HAC -H8IORe- 
Hie Xoda UCTOpin Taliwuixs OOMeCTBb, KOTOPOG MBI aemb Bb OXHO- 
BpeMeHHO BUIXOIIMel KHuTb «Mea Jexabpuctosp» (VIL). Cp stam 
sambaaniewb Yr. Jopnaph-danoibckaro e@§Ba-IH BOSMOKHO BUOIHB CO- 
raacuThes. Db gabiicrBureapnocra u3a0eenie ucTopin TalaHxs 0o6- 
IeCIBb, FanHoe Bb eru «Myzeasaxb Jeka6pucroBh», caMo 0 cebs 
elle He YCTPaHAeTh HAJOOROGTA Bb KPHTHYCCKHXD KOMMCHTAPISXb Bb 
H3AQHBLIN'S HMb Matepiadamb. Ho Bo BCaKOMB cayaab oTcyTctTBie Ta- 
KHX’b KOMMeHTapicBb He uMberbh ocobeHHO OoNRMIOrO 8HadeHIX Bb 
KHUrb, npeanasHayeHHo r1aBAbIMb OOpasoMb AIA chenialvcTOBE, H 





HOBhISt KAHTH. 181 


facrt ce6a 4yBCTBOBaTb 10 IpeXMYyMecTBY TOrda, KOr.a 9TON KHATOW 
OyyeTh NOAbZOBATLCA pAJOBOH ITATeIb. 


nc ee ee 


% 

Bu6aiotexa Jexa6puctoss. Bunyck® nepaHi. loanoe coépauie 
counHeHiit Konzpatia GexoposHya Prrhesa. Town I. Moprpers u 
cratby M. 1900. 192 erp. I]. 75 x. Buuycks sropoi. Poccia a pyccsie. 
Hurkoaaa Typrenesa. acts I. loprpert x crateu. M. 1907. XXII + 148 
ctp. I. 80 x. 

Pejagtopb-H3gareib «Badsiorenu jexabpacross», r. Baawunif, 10 
ero CIOBaMb, UPeAUPHHAID cBoe H3JaHic, pyKOBOAEch Thu coobpa- 
KeHICMb, ITO Bb HACTORWWee BpPeMA BB OOmecTBB «Ha3spbia noTped- 
HOCTbh BOSMOKSO OO1bMIe BHATh O AecKkKaOPHCTAaXb—HaMI4Xb DepBHXh 
peBpolwmionepaxb». <exadpucTH,—rosopurs r. BaxanKifi,—ocTaBaiu 
10 ce6b Guraroe Hacabsie, HO O1arosapA TOMY, 4TO OHO pasbpocaHo 
Bb MAIOJOCTYMHHXS YR Telleph KYPHalaxb, 8arpaHHiAHXd U3ablaxs, 
YACTHHX PYKOMUCAXS WH APXHBAHXS JOKYMCHTAX, OHO MOATACh Mato 
H3BBCTHO 4YHTATeIW; MOSTOMY NpPAMOW 8aqayeW MOMCHTA ABIACTCH CO- 
OpatTb BeCb STOT MaTepialb BueXHHO, UpeACTaBHTb eFO Bb BOSMORHO 
NOAHOMS BAB H exblaTb ero JOCTYNHHMb BCBMB H KamJomy». L[lo- 
CTaBHUBb ceOb Takyo Ooxbmyw sagayy, r. Baannsiil ne nOACHseTS, 
OHAKO, K&Kb HMCHHO OAD PacIHTHNBaeTh BNOIHATh ee, H HE AACTb 
YHTATeIW KakOro-1H60 11ada CBOerO H3JaHia, 3amMbass NocabyARi# Mpo- 
CTHME ykasaHiemb Ha TO, UTO BB H3janie 6ylyTb, MeRAY NPOVMM'S, 
BRAOGCHH COUMHeHIA HroxerpOexepa u A. HM. O0eBckaro, BOCNOMH- 
HaHia PouBusuna, OOoxenckaro u Sikymeuua, coOpanie xonctuTynili, 
COCTABACHHHX® JekabpucTaMu, H «MHOroe Apyroe». IIpax Takuxb ycao- 
BiAXS CyquTb O «bxa6sioTeRs JekabpHcTOBh», KakS O I'BAbHOMS Blazin, 
NOK& JOBOAbHO TpyAHO. Mazo MaTepiada AIH STOO AANTS U Ba BH- 
mexqmie ed BHNycka. O6a OHH He NpescTaBIawTh cobom yero-1H60 
SakOHveHHaroO. Bb epBOMb H3b AHX' HayaTo coOpanie cowHenitt 
Puabesa, BO BTOPOMb NOMbINeEHO Haiato Hepesora usBbcTHOH RHATH 
H. Typrenesa «La Russie et les russes», apasimetica rlaBAHIM® 1a- 
MATHHRKOMS pycckaro aHOepain3sMa Hukoraepcko# onoxa. Ilpa stom 
06a BLIUyCka cHaOKeHE! UpHiomcHiaMd: BB NepBOMb BHINYcKhB woMb- 
WeHh BocwomMHHania O Puarbesb H. Becryxepa, nepeneiaTanHnia 
Tr, BaruQcumMb 48h AekoWurckaro asqania Prarbesa, uv cratba Cepnena 
«Pycckifi saropopt 1825 roga», Bo sBropomb—TepnenoBckoe MHcbMO 
kB uM. Axekcanapy Il, HauHcanHoe nO mOBoAy KanTA Gap. Kopha 
0 BonapeHiu Hukosaa 1 wu npercraBasiomee Cobo ropsuyo ano.10rin 
AegaGpuacross. Kt comarbaiw, nepenevaripaa [Cepmenosckyh crate 
0 AekaOpuctaxt, fr. baaungifi cie1b BYHHLIMb MPOHSBeCTH Bb Hel 
PAA® CepbeSHHXb cokpamenifi u Jame HbroTopuia usmMbuenia. Dopa 
OH yO PYCCKHMS H3laTeIAM NPOABIATS HBCHOIBKO OorbMe yBamenia 
kB Tepueny 4 YcBOHTb ceO TY MiICIb, YTO PYCCKOMY FHTATe1 MORHO 
NaBaTb HIH He JaBaTb Tepoena, Ho He crbAyeTS JanatTh Tepnena 
HCRameHHaro. Hakb MaitO Bb YaCTHOCTH Jame ch DeusypHo Towa 


182 HOBLIA KHUrH. 


spbuia 6n110 cepbesHo HYRAM Bb HCKameninxt r. Barwnkaro, MoKHO 
BUABTh YKe H36 TOO, ITO Ta CaMag cTaTbA («Pycckii saroBoph 1825 
Towa»), KOTOPYIO OHS DPv8Halb HYARBWMB COKPAlaTh WH B3SMBHATS, 
BCIbAb saTbMb NOABHIaCh Bb NOAHOMD BUAB OTABIbHOH Opomppoti 
BE Husyjavin Llasreukosa. Tlomumo HasBaHAHXx’b UpHdomenifi, Bb ABYXb 
NepRLXb BHINYCKaXD «bu6siorekH jekaOpuHcToRb» LOMbMeHH elle 
cTaTbH camoro fr. Baaugkaro: Bb NepBoMb 0 PHabest, BO Bropow 
06% H. Typrenesb. Bapovem, 3TH cTaTbH He OCOOCHHO MHOTO awrTs 
yHTaTer0. He 3aktovag Bb ceOb uu Giorpadin, Hu ckO’bRO-HHOYI 
HOMHOH XapakTePpHCTBEM TSXb JHOUb, O KvTUPhXd Bb AUX FOBOPHTCS, 
OBB ABISWTCA IBMb cBOerO pora ObranMH Habpockamy. Ho n3q0mewH 
OTH HaOpOCKkH BB HeOOHKHOBECHHO BLICOPeHHeEMD TOHB H aBTOpb CTa- 
paeTcd Bb HHXb WO cTapHaHOH MoAb AO nNocabjveli cTeneHH MpeBos- 
HeECTH CBOHXD Trepoesh, TMS CaMLIMb JHWAd HX BCAKOH RASHEHHOCTH. 
Ilossii Puabespa r. Baannkifi oubayupaeTs Kpatine Buicoko, a H. H. 
Typreneba IpsMO w806pakaerb, Kak «OOpasel’b YeAOBbRa», M0-Ipo- 
cTy orOpachipaa BCB CBHAbTeabCTBa, HE MAPALIACA Cb TAaKHMD H30- 
OpaxeHiemb. CTOAKHYBIIHCh, HallpHMbpb, Cb ykasaHisMu HBCKOIYKAXD 
JekaOpucToBb Ha Ipanagsexuocth H. Typrenepa kb ChBepHomy 06- 
WOCTBY, NPHHAIeERHOCTL, KOTOPylO CaMb TyprekeBb Bb CBOHX'S 064- 
ACHCHISXD IIPABHTEALCTBY H Bb CBOe KHHTS oTpunai, r. baagusil 
paspbmaerb 3To npoTuBopbiie upocrofi cchiaskof Ha uncbMa H. I. Typ- 
TreHeBa Kb OpaTbam’b WH KarerupH4eCKH BakAwW4aerb: «MbI HM'BEM' He- 
YEIOHHOe OTPHIanie sTOTO M@akra co CTOpoHH camoro TypreHesa, 2 
sToro 6orbe ubu’b AOCTATOWHO, YTOOM MOBBpPATb eMy». Tak'b we Upocro 
paspburaerb r. Baauukiii x apyrie cllupabie BOMpocH H Bb pesyabTats 
Noryaaetca “u3806pamenie «oOpasya wAOBbKa», BECbMa Aatekoe OT 
HcTOpHyeckaro Moprpera. 

Tlopuzumomy, vr. Baaumkomy Tpyduo Ob110 OH B8HTb Ha Ce6a podb 
HCTOpAKAa JeKaOplicToBS. Ho, ecan Boodme <badrioTeka JekaOpucToBD» 
He ORAKvTCA SPCMEPHEIM, ABICHIEML H OYAeCTh NpPOAOARATCA, eA pe- 
KakTopy cabloBa.i0 On WwosaboTaThea,n0 Kpatvelt Mbpb, 0 Tomb, GTOOH 
BHECTH Bb CBOe H3A{aHie GOoublue GCrporucTH u crpoHHOCcTH, He cTapasct 
NPeCaAbCTUTh WHTATeIA KAACYULUMCH pasnoobpasiemb MaTepiaga. 


Bapout A. E. Posens. Sanacku AekaGpucra. Czy noprperous x 
UpHnoxeniama. Cnd6. 1907. Haganie Topapnmectsa ,OdmectBeHHad I[loub3a". 
XVI+464 erp. I. 3 p. 

Breyenie mpomusaro rola Halla AuTepuTypa oboraTHiach psAONS 
HOBLIXS U3CAbAOBAHIA H HOBLIXD H3aHifi, NOCBAMLCHHLIXS Jegadpuctawb. 
Cpeqa Takuxh u3janifi «Sanuckn> Oapona Posena 3aHuMAalTS JOB0AbHO 
BurHOe Mbcro. Upapgza, on'b He NpescTapaswrb co6om aAMiepatypHul 
HOBHHKH Bb CTPOLOMb CMHICIA STOFO CAOBa, Tab Kakb OHS OAH B3- 
JaHbl HXb aBTOpoMb Bb Jefinunrh ene Bb 1870 r., HO BB Pocciy 
H8b HHX 20 CHXD DOPh MWeyaTaduCh AMMWIb OTPHIBEH H Bb I0JHOMD 
Bub 0 Clo CTOPOHY pycckoH rpaHHOb OHS NOABHAHCh Telepb BuepBLIe. 











’ HOBHISAA KHHIH. 183 


A Memiy ThMb oTH <3annckn» uMBOTS cepbesHyl0 bay Aig BCAKATO, 
ETO 3aXx0Tbab OH One TOSHIKOMITECA CB qeka6pictaMu H Cb ORpy- 
maple xb oOnlecTBeHHOM cpegzo#. Camp Posen He uTparh 8am brook 
POH Bb ALCHHOMS JBAKeHIA, CBASAHHOMD Ch HMCHEMS AOKAOPHCTOBD, 
H HO UPHAHMaIb OcoOeHHO WhATeIbHAaTO yuacTid HH Bb CoOcCTaB.eHin 
Tafinulxt OOMeCTBb, HH BS POkOBOH BenEIMKS 14 yexabpas. Ont On 
JHIIb PSROBLIMb YIEHOMb KPYRERA MeKadpucroBs, u ThMb He MeHbe 
ero <3auucka», Hocamia dopMy aBtodiorpadia, sarwyawWTs BE ce6s 
He M210 WBHHAarO MATepiada 141A XapakTepHCTHKA KAR aTOrO KPyREA, 
TAaRb H TSX HCTOPHUCCKHXS yciJOBi, Ha NOB KOTOPHXS OHB 8a- 
pozwica H BHpoch. Meakid noqpoOsnocty aM 4HOH RHBHH, KOTOPHMD 
yxrbieno MHOro MbcTa Bb «danuckaxb» Posena, BOsCO3z4alwTh Nepel 
FATAPCICMD RABY KAPTHAY APAaBoBS AAeKcaHApPOBCKol 9n0XH H Ha PoHB 
aTOH KAPTHHAH Cb OcO6eHHOH OTIETANBOCTLW BHICTYNANTS MATyYpPH ThXb 
JEKAOPHCTOBS, O KOTOPHXS YUOMHHAeTS aBTophb «3anHcokb». He mente 
INOONHTHO H HHBO aBaemoe NOCIBARHMS BB06pamenie crbactsia Hay 
WekaOpHcTaMi, UXb CCHIKY H KABHH XS BS CuOnpu. Fopasyo Menpie 
HHTepeca WpefcTaBIAWTh TH wacTu «Saniicokb» Posena, Bb KOTOPHIX' 
OH TOBOPATH O CBOeH RU3ZHH M0 BOSBPAMeHIA H3'b CCHIKH, HO H 3I'BCb 
MOMAaLAwWTcA OTABIbHHE AOOONLITHHe WTpAXA 4 WbeaHA cBbrbaHia, 
O61arolapA KOTOPLIMb YHTATeIW He NPHXOANTCH aybTb O BpeMeHy, 
NOTPaweHHOMb HA 3HAKOMCTBO CB YTOW YACTHIO EHATH, BO BECh POCTh 
BROSCTAHOBAAWINeH Depelb HHMB (purypy camoro Posena. 

Uszareau «3anuconb» CHAOAHAN HX MpHAOROHIAMH, BB KOTOPHIXS 
coOpaksl oTAbABHLIA cTaTSH Hw 3aMbren Posesa, JONOIBAWMIA HU pasb- 
ACHAWMLIA TeKCTh <«3allHcoKD» Hw cotepKaniia Bh ce6b Th Han 
WHEIA CBBBAIA OOb OTABABHHIXS Jekadpuctaxb. IlomamMo Toro, Eb 
HACTOAMICMY H31aHit MpPHACHeHA BCTYNUTeCIbHAA CTAaTbA, Bb KOTOpOH 
H3A0KeEHO xpananyeeca Bb TocyxapcTBeHHOMb ApPXHBB H 10 CAXD NOPh 
He H3gaHHoe Abro Oo Pozen Buicovalime yapexaennaro Komutera 10 
PaSbICKAHif O 310YMHIMAeCHAHXE oOOmecrBaxb. HKakb kONCTATApyers 
aBTOPb STO CTaTbH, «YRIOHYHBOCTh H CJepRAHHOCTL Bb OTBSTAX® He 
NOKHHYIa Po3eHa NO KOHWa» H «efO HYHAO MPHYACIUTS Kb HEMHAOLO- 
qucaenHoH rpynmb Thxt AekaGpucTows, KOTOPHe COXPAHHIH BHAepREY 
BO BPeMHA CABICTBIA». 


~ ee ee 


Ji. ©. Notas. 16 -rbrt pp Ca6upr. (Bocnonnmnania). 2-0 ncupa- 
BACHHOS H JONO1HeHHOS Aayamie. Cn6. Haya. H. Caaronesa. 416 ctp. If. 1 p. 

Conepmanie kuura r. Jlefiva 3HadAMTeAbHO Mupe es BardaBia. Okon0 
TpeTH OTOH xKuBO H HATepecHo HallucaHHoll EHATH He HMbeTh MpAMOTO 
oTHOMeHiA KB CuOapH HW 3aHATO AHIMb Pascka3z0M’b O TOM, Kakb aB- 
TOpPh BOCNOMHHARIA nouwars Bb Cubupb. Bs nepBElxh raaBbaxt 3akAl- 
qaeTca NompobHoe H OOCTOATEABHOS NOBSCTBOBaHIe O TOMS, Kans Ir. Jekys 
BB 1884 r. On apecTtoBantb BO PpeOyprB wo BEAD GaleHcRuMB 
IPaBHTCAbCTBOM PYCCKOMY, KAKS 3aTbMb OH coOsepmaica BB [erpo- 


184 HOBHIA KHBIH. 


TaBxoBpcKok gpboocta, Bh Jomb Ipexnaputessparo Sarou1enia Wu Bb 
ONCCCKHXS TIOPbMAaX'’b, KAR’ CFO cyNaIH BB Ojnecch, UpuroBOpHIH Eb 
KAaTOprb A OTMpPaBHAH Bb CCHLIKy. OcTaibHWa ABB TpeTH KHHTA N0C- 
BHILeCHH ONMCAHIW STalHaro MYTH, KASHH Ha Kap, cileppa Ha ka- 
Topré, NOTOMS Bb BOAbHOH KOMAHAS, 4, HAKOHEHD, NoObra sa rpaxkAny, 
yqauHO cobepmesHaro r. Jeivemp BB 1901 r. TakoBH BHbOHIA pamMkH 
BOCHOMBHAHIA r. Jleiiva, pasBepTHBallAXxb Depesb IWTAaTeAeMh pAb 
SPEHXD KaPTAHb 43> AHSAA NMOAATHUCCKHXD CCHALHLIXD Bb 80-xXb A 
90-x% roqaXt upomsaro croxbria. Babuuas o6craHopna TWPbMH H 
KaTopru, Hs0Opaxaemaa r. Jlefivemb, MalO Bb 4eEMb H3MBAHIACh KB 
AyUmeMy, # Tellepb, H YATaTedb, UpoObraa Kaury r. Jefiua, pcrpbrurh 
BL Hell He M@.10 TAakKOTO, 4TO 3HAKOMO CMY 10 COBPeMCHALIMB OMNHCAa- 
niamt. Ho r. Jleiias He orpaHHaaBaeTcaA Bb CBOHXS BOCHOMHHAHIAXS 
v3 6pamkeniemd OLHOH ANMb BASMHeH OOCTAHOBKH RUBEN NOANTHICCRAXA 
CCHLIDHEXb. OHb MHOFO pa3sCkashiBaeTb 0 CAaMHX'b CCHABHHXb, 066 
HXB BITIAJaXb H HacTpoOeniaxh, Mospobwo NepexaeTs Tparesin, paskl- 
rpHbaBmiacs Bh HXB cpexb, 4H yXbIAeTh He MAIO MbcTa Ha Obransa 
XAPARTePHCTHEH MHOFHXS IHIb H3b WCIAa THXS, RTO ObIAH eFO TO- 
BapHMaMeA 0 ccHiKB. Llopow Bb sTuxs XapakTepHCTHKAXS YYBCTBYeTCH, 
1pabla, wpesMBpALH cyOBCETHBUSND, CO3JaBiica Ha NOW'S NapTiBANXxh 
’ posspbuili aptopa. Ho Bb o6mleMS Th 1aaBH BB KHBYB I. Jlefiga, Ko- 
TOPHIA MOCBANLCHH XAPAkTePHCTHRS NOIHWTAICKAXS CCHAbAHXD H UXB 
HH3HH Ha Kaps, UpedcTaBlswTs co6ow 6oibmok uATepect, Thu Goxbe, 
YTO aBTOPh Bb OTHX'S TAABaX'b NPUBOAMTS H HBKOTOPHE JORYMCHTEH 
H85 OHCHBaeMOH HMB OI0XH, Bb BUI NHCeMbh Eb HeMy M. Kosa- 
I@BCKOH, KOIICKTHBHHXS 3adB1eHlfi, MO,aBaBLHXCA CCHALHEIMA THOpeM- 
HOMY HayadscTsy, HT. 0. Boe sto zbaaers BocnOMHHaHia rT. Jelva 
HIOOONHITHEMDS H WSAHEIMS NOCcOOicMh 1.14 BCAKAarO, HHTepecywmaroca 
ucTopie MoaMTHYeCcKOH CCLLIKH Bb KOHIS Npomsaro croxbria. Bs ga- 
yecTBb UpHAoKenifi aBTOPh NOMBCTHAD BB CBoeh KHHTS COHCKH 10aH- 
THUCCKEHXS RaTOpRant, OHBWAX's Ha Kapb, wx joOposoxbHO nocarb- 
JOBalIHXb 3&8 HBKOTOPHIMA U3b HUXS POACTBCHHUKOBS. 


Ilapsycs. Ilo Topbnant BO Bpena peso.monin. Mok no6brs 
H3b CuHOupH. Hen. ,IWauosnaks*. Cu6. 1908. 219 erp. I. 80 x. 

«OTH CTPOKH—TosIpuTd cam Fr. Ilapsycs, onperbaaa coxepmanie 
cBoeH KHHREKH,—ABIAWTCA IMWb H310XeCHICMb IHYAHIXS BNeVaTAbRIA 
YeAOBBKA, MOMABWArO H8b BOAOBOPOTA PeBOAWMIH NOAb RepHowRa 0- 
AMTHUeCKOH NOAMDIN A OLICTPO NoakaBllaro A8b ONHOTO NOLOReHIA BS 
apyroe: cHayaia OOBIKHOBeHHaA THpbMa, MoTOMb—ILerponaBazoBKa, 
jarbe—CuOupb A, Baxonels, ObrcTBo» (180). Takoro poja AHHH 
BUeVTIBAIA MOTAH ObI, KOHCIHO, MpescTaBHTh BHIawMilica HATepecs, 
eCIHOR! OHH MNpHHadiexaln we0BbKY, OfapeHHOMy OOIbMIOW Habap- 
ATCIbHUCTbIO  YyMBHIeMS ApPKO NepexaBars cBou Habawgzenis. Kb 
cOmaIBHIW, Bb KHuKEB YT. Lappyca HBTb Ha-AHDO HH OfHOTO HSB 











$ 


HOBHIA KAMP. 185 


sTHxt ycsoBif. To HeMHOroe, ITO pascka3zaHoO BB Hell aBTOPOMB 0 
neTep6yprckuxb «Kpectaxb»,o UMerponasazosceol kpbiocra a Cu6upa, 
yHe MHOTO pasb H MIpHTOMb Bb ropasqo Combe apKolt gopab 64110 
pasckasaHo apyruMH. Ipapya, yahaaa Maio Mbcta H300pamexiw 
BAbUIAeH CTOPOHH KHSHH BEL THOpDMB Hu ccHaKb, r. Llapsycb 3a TO 
MHOFO CTPaHub cBOel KHHRKH OTAACTS pa3scka3sy O TX’ BHYTPeH- 
HHXB epemHBaniaxh, Kaki OHb ACHbITAIS Bb TOPeCMHOMb 3AKI10- 
qeHin. Ob CaMHMB MOAPOOHHMS H OOCTOATCADHHIMS 0OPasoM’ Mepe- 
AaeTh He TOIBKO TB 'pasMblMaeHia, RAKHM’S OH’ UpelaBatcd BB 
TiOpbMB, HO HW TB ranwOMiNalix#, KAKiA lO BpeMeHAMB ero NOcbOLaaL. 
Odb HE TOIbKO UIPHBOAUTb BHIAePKKU 8b AHOBHHKA, BeAeHHAarO HMB 
Bb KPBIOCTH, H OTPHIBRK H3'b «laseThl», KAKY1O OH'b COUMHAI'S TAMb Ke 
AIS cCOOCTBEHHA@TO pasB.1eIeHi#, HO H BOCIIPOH3BOAMTh IBAA pbag, 
Ch KOTOPHIMH OHD COONPadICA OOPaTHTLCA Eb PabVTHMB BB cAyyab 
moObajonocHaro BOscTAaniA. ITH CTpanHOW KHwKKH LY. IapByca, Mo- 
Kalyl, OPHHHAIbHbl, HO 38TO OPHIHHAABHOCTb Takoro pOja, ITO OHA 
C1Ba-JH MpHB1IeVeTb CKOABKO-HKOYAL BAYMYHBAIO UuTaTeds. ABTOP?d, 
INOBHAHMOMY, YBbpeH’ Bb TOM, 4YTO BCAKAA MAMOJCTHAA MBIC.Ab, IIpo- 
MCABKHYBINAd Bb CFO TOAOBB BO BPeMA TIOPOMHALO SAaKANUeHIA, AOIRAA 
OLITh COXpaHeHA H BOCNPOH3BeAeHa J. COBPeMeCHHHKOBL. Y 4ATAa- 
Teia Ke, 10 MBpb o3HukoMicHiad cb KHWEKOI Fr. IlapByca, Hen30bRHO 
CKAAILIBACTCA COBEPMeHHO MpOTHBOOAOMHOe BievaTabuie. Muicaa 4 
NpejctapaenHia, wstaraempia r. [lapBycom’, Bb rpoMaqHOM® OoxbmIHE- 
CTBB ClyyaeBb J0-He1b3H WabAOHHbl H OBAHAI BHYTPCHHUMD 20,ep- 
*Kaniemb. MoxHO, KOHEYHO, UpedcTaBntTbs ceOb, aro yeAOBBKY, CHAA- 
WJEMY Bb TIOPbM'b, MOLYTb, MCALY WpPOHM'b, NPHXOMHTS Bb TOAOBY H 
Takia MbicaAM. Ho 04eHb Tpy1HO NOHATH, 8a45Mb HAO O10 O6HAPOAOBATh 
MXB 010 BHIXOAS 13b TWOPbMH. Jlerko MOBbpUTh, ITO KMOPD «TaserHl» 
r. [lapsyca fxocTaBiaxab eMy CaMOMY pasBleyeHie Bb EpbuocTH U ITO 
ero MatTeTHueckia pasMLIUlJeHid MOMOTadH eMY CHOCHTb OpeMA OfH- 
HouHaro sakmoenia. Ho Jas yYHTaTeIA, CTOAMarO Bb HHHXB yCl0- 
BiAXS KH3HH, HU OTOTS 1OMOPb, HH OTOTh Maeoch He MpesCTaBaTh 
GOAbWOrO HHTepeca, TAKS KAaKb Bb TOMB H APYLOML OHS OLAHAROBO 
He HafizeTbh HHYerO, KPOMB FaBHO H3BBCTHALO Iadsz0Ha. 


C. {pokononnys. Pa6oyee aBuskenie Bt L'epnanin. 2-¢ uaz, p0- 
noma. Cn6. 1908. Il. 1 p. 50 x. 

Brimieqmee wbckoibko ABTS TOMY Hasag> cou“HeHie C. H. Lpo- 
KOMOBHYa O padodeMS ABuKeHin Ha Sauarb (Tt. 1) MomBHAOCh BB Ha- 
CTOAMee BpeMA BIOPHMD H3LaHiemd, IPH YeMb ABh YacTH, Ha KOTOPHA 
pacnagaica neppuii ToMB (BTOporo H He O10), COCTABIAIOTS Telepb 
ABB CAMOCTOATCIBHHA KHUKKH. A8b HHXb HMbeTCA MOKA Meppasa— 
«PaG6oyee ABuxeHie BB Tepmanin», ryb astopb, cb OfHOH cTOpOHH, 
HCKANGHIb KOC-KaKif GacTH, a, Cb Apyrof CTOpOHH, BCTaBHA 
BHAGHTeABHHA pOMoAnenis. MW to, w Apyroe MocAVRNAO HA NOABBY 


| 





186 HOBHIA EHUTH. 


EHuTS. Bb HacTosmee BPeMd: Npexb HaMH ACKHTL CATO H Upo- 
CTO HallucaHAHf H OCHOBAHAHH Ha G6O1bMIOMB SHaHid ba OFePKD 
pasBuTia padoyaro j~BuxeHia BB LTepmanin, NpeuMymecTBeHHO BTe- 
yeHie sTopoi mnozoBHHH XIX sbka. ABTOpD o_pobHo ocTana- 
BIMBaeTCA Kab Ha CTpaxopanin padownxh u abpHyHOMb 3akoHoAa- 
TCALCTBB, TAKS H HA UpodeccionatbRHXb COWSAX H ROOMePATHBAOMD 
ABHKeHiH, & Bh MOCABAHHXD TIaBaxb A3AaraerTh passBatie coniart- 
emMokpatia BB Tepmanin. Bs ruaspb 06% o6a3saTeaAbHOMb CTpaxoBanin 
C. H. Ipokonopyyb cipabejiuBO CTaBHTb BONPOCh: «lO¥eMY OT 
HEC4acTHHIXS Ci1yWaeBh s3acTpaxoBaHo Gorbe 18 maa. Ye1OBBKE— 
Bech paoouwifi Kiacch TepmManin,—a orb 6o1b3HH TOIBKO OKOIO 12 
MHII. Gen., #4 JomuTie OkoNO 14 MuHaT. GWer.?» (cTp: 29),—yRAasHBaa 
Ha TO, 4TO «COJepRabie AHRAAHJOB TPYA2 AOAKHO VakaTbh Ha Mmpo- 
MBIIACHHOCTh; OHO COCTABIAe€Th TAakylO Re HeCOXOMUMYN YAaCTb H3- 
J€pREKL NPOHSBOACTRAa, Kak HW YacTHUAbt HIH DOIHHH peMOHTS Ma- 
WHAb» (cTp. 30). Ho Bce xe OHS HE OTPHaeTS TOT, ITO H BB Ta- 
KOMB BEAB TocyqapcTBeHAoe cTpaxoBanie Bb TepMaHin «lpAHOCKTS 
pa6ouums Soxbmyio MaTepiasbAywo 0.1b3y» (cTp. 33). BlsHTad Orpom- 
HY} pojb, KOTOPad IIPHHaliexuTh BL paboyemb ABHReHIA coniasb- 
Kemokpatin, r. IpukonoBuys ayARID, OHAKO, NpeyBernyeHIf H HCBAN- 
YHTCIbHOCTH Bb OTOM OTHOMEHIN. Takb, OW'b IPH3HAeTb, YTO HE TOIBKC 
comialb-JemokpaTuyeckie, HO H XpucTiancKie npodeccioniuAbAble COW3H 
UMBOTh Oosbmoe sHayeHie Bb WhaAB OopbOsl pabowkxs cb NpeqnpH- 
HuMaTeIAMA (cTp. 126 Hw ca.). ABTOph TOAVepkHBaerb, Aarbe, H TOTL 
MakTb, 4TO CCAM COMiaTb-JeMOKPaTIA OKASHIBAeCTh OOAbWMVE apzenie 
Ha paboyee 3aKkOHOAUTeIBCTBO, TO BCe He «ABACTBYKMMHMh 3akOHO- 
JATeIbCTBOM'b, —NOCKOAbRY UJeTh pbib 0 FHCTO-sakOHO_ATeAbHOH pa- 
6oTb,—pa6bovie ob6asanbt He coniarh-leMOKpaTiv, @ MapTiamb 601b- 
muncTBa» (cTp. 161). Tosopa o mnorpeduTeILabxb oOmecTBaxs, 
Yr. ILpokouonaab BOOAHG MpaBAAbHO HaxolATb, ITO OOMeCcTBAa ITH 
eCOKPAllawTh pacxoAb oTpedutete, a He WawTb HMb HOBYH IIpH- 
Onab» (cTp. 197), WoVeMy—Mpn6aBHMb MbI—O MpPOMBICIOBOMD 0040- 
KeHid KOOMepani, MOCKOALKY ORM MpOlawWTb TOBaPhI TOAbEKO CBOHMD 
yseHamMb (a BB TepmManin CONT NOCTOPOHHAMh AJHTAMb 3allpemenh) 
He MOeTS OnITE pbun. Yuaskemb, HAKOHeI'b, HA BeCbMa HHTepechyW 
NOCIBAHWW TMaBy, Bb KOTOPOH aBTOpb cABARTS 3a Npomeccomb nocTe- 
T6HHArO Npeppamenia coniarh-jemoKpaTuyeckoH naptin Llepmanis nat 
peBorenionso# oprannsaniu, crpemuBulelica kb «kOHeWHOH Wbazu>, 
HacTyidenie KOTOpoH Ka3atUCb BeChMa OAU3KUMb, Bb Wayriio npakTu- 
gecKOf MOAUTHEH, HMBIOULYH WpewKe BCeroO Bb BAHAY OCyMeCTBUMBIC 
Telleph Ke, Mp CyMecTBYWUUXb ycAoBidxh, HATepecHl padoaaro 
Klacca. 

Heanas we nomaxbrb, uToO aBTopbh we oOcTaHOBHaca nox;poOube 
Ha p@3yIbTaTaxh, JOCTHTHYTHXb padowmMb ABbAxeniewb Bb TepManin 
BL cMiIcab Toro MaTepiadbHaro HW AYXOBHATO Nogbema, ROTOpHH mo- 
BICKIH 32 COOOH KakD MbpoltpiaTia rocyqapeTBa, Takb uw cama Xba- 





HUBHIS KAHTH. 187 


TeIbHOCTh padovaro HaceleHia Breyenie MocabAwHXb jecaTurbrilf. 

Mi He pasxbaisemb BCBXb B3rIHJOBb aBTOpa, HO HO MOKCMS 
OTKasaTb ero padorb BB Oorbmo coOjepmatTeabHOCTH 4 HHTepectd. 

Bp sakiwuenie OTMBTAMb ABb—TpH MeIOUN, KOTOPHIA cIbOBAaIO 
Oh HCUpaBHTh Bb AarbybimAxb usjaniaxt. Takt, Bupamenie «no- 
CTPOCYHHA» TOBAPHIMECTBA @1Ba-1H YXA4HO, JY IMe—«CTPOHTeILHHIA» 
H1IH JIA MocTpoikH JOMOBL; Ha3SHBaTb «MelKOOYpRya3HbiMH» — 
cTp. 180—rb a3B Haxt, rab pa6ovie opio6pbrawrs JOMHKA Bh Cc06- 
CTBCHHOCTb, e@IBa-IH eCTb OCHOBaHie; MepepoquTs Produktionsverhal- 
tnisse —IpOH3BOAHTeCABHHSA OTHOWeRIia —cTp. 139—pHcKoBaHHo, emle 
xyme 3BYIHTS «peopMa BB OOAACTH KBAPTHPABIXS OTHOMeHiA» BMB- 
CTO «BB O61acTH OTHOMeHIfi MexTY JOMOBIALbALWAMA H EBAPTHpOHa- 
HaMAaTeIAMH»—CTp. 130. 

Bo BCAHKOMB clyqab MBI HE COMASBACMCH BB TOMb, 4TO BTOPOe 
u3qanie cownHenia fr. I[poxononuya pasollzetca cToab Ke OHICTpO, 
EaKb H MepBoe. 


‘ 


B. Caataoncrifi. Tpodeccionaabnme padouie cow3n n yapexzenia, 
HMH CO32aHHbld. o-@ H3jaHie, nepepaboTaBnHoe H AOnOnHeHHOS. Buin. 1 a Il, 
Cn6. 1908. 

Cpein Hamlet witTawmel ny61nkH Bb Nocrbynee BpeMa sam'baaercs 
Goapmofh waTepech KB NpoeccionasbALIMS pabowuMd CowsaMb dgatal- 
How Esponmnt. Depesesenuiias wa pycckilt asnieb coamnenia Maratima, 
Kysemana, C. x B. Be66) naman ce6B wuaporift kpyrs wtaresett. 
Harepech sToTh JOIKeAHD OHI elle Oorbe BospacTA Cb TBXb TOpt, 
KaKB H Y HACh DOABHAHCh Mpodeccionalbable cowsHl. Ossaromsenice 
Cb pasBHTiem> padownxb opranusanif ua ganaxb cTalo ye n0- 
TpeOHOCTLIO AIH KaRAArO, KTO ReMAeTh CO3HATCIbHO OTHECTHCh Kb 
_#USHH pabonxs cow30Bb Poccin, A AMTepaTypa AOMKHA aTb OTBbTS 
Ha OCHOBHLIE BONMpOCh! Opranhsanin HW ABATCIBHOCTH paboInxd cow- 
30BB, BHICTYNHBIie Bhepexb BMBCTS cb NOABRIeHieMB Y Hach mpodec- 
cioHalbHaro ABuxeniA. Mu biomieca fa pycckOMb A8HKS NepeBOAH HHO- 
CTPAHHBIXb KAHFb, NOMBMO TOTO, ITO OHH ye HBCKOABKO ycrapbay, 
HeIb3A CYHTAaTh BOOARS OTBBaWNLUMA MpPeAbABAACMHIMS CO CTOPOHH 
pycckoH ny6naen sanpocams. [. Caataoscrift a B3Aab Ha ce6a O.1a- 
TOJapayh sakayy BOCHOABUTS STOTH mpobbab. Hackoabko ero kHuTAa 
CBOCBpeMeHHAa, BHIHO 3B TOTO, ITO OHA BHAA YRC TPEThUMD H31a- 
HieMS. 

Apyro# Boupocb—HacKOIbKO YIOBNCTBOPHTe.1hHO BEIMOIHEHa aBTO- 
poM CTOSBUIAA pel’ HHMD 3agaga. PycckOMY 4ATATeA HYRHO ObI0 
JaTb ACHOe H TOUHCe IIpexcTaBjeHie 0 XapakTeph HM CYMHOCTH Mpo- 
MeccioHaabHaro ABUKeHIA Bh NepeAOBHIXS 3allagqno-eBponehckHXs (H 
He-eBpONeHcKAXh) CTpahaxh, IPHBeCTH 98TO ABHRCHie Bb CBA3b CB 
OOMLUM SKOHOMHICCEAMD, Bb YACTHOCTH HHAYCTPiaAbHAIM'b, PAsBUTieM’S, 
BHIACHHTh OCHOBAHE BONPOCH OpranH3sanin uw AXBATeIbHOCTH Upodec- 


Mw 


188 HOBHIA| KABTH. 


cCiOHAABHHIXD COMB0BL Bb OTASALHWXS FOCYLAPCcTBaX’h, OTTBHUB 06- 
Mia WA Bcero mpodeccioHaibHaro ABHAREHIA YepTH, Cb OOH CTO- 
POH, H OTIHYHTeILANA OCOOEHHOCTH eFO Bb ThXb HAH APYTAX’ CTpa- 
Hax, Cb Apyroti; Hakowenb, crbgoBaIO YCTAHOBATb pesyAbTaTH, 10- 
CTHIAYTHE MpodecciobasbAbIMH COW3aMH, H Blighie, OkASAHHOe HMH Ha 
nosomenie padovaro KXacca Ha danas. 

Ks comxarbaiw, kHura r. B. Cuntaosekaro copepmeHHo He OTBB- 
qaeTbh OTHMb Tpe6oBaniamb. Ona MOKeTb, ToMRaAyH, CIYKHTH HeAyp- 
HHMDb O6n6siorpapuygeckuMb YKasaledemb AUTepaTyphl oO Mpodeccio- 
HAaXbALIXS COWBAXb NO OTISIDAHIM'S CTpahaM'b, JaeTbh AOBOIbHO MHOTO 
(akTuyecknxb cBb bait O xXoab pasbnTia pabOwwXb COW3Z0Bb A UXD 
coBppeMeHHOH oprasu3alia (XOTA H Bb 9TOM OTHOMEHIH NonaqawtTca 
omu6Ru), HO ACHaro IpegcTaBlenia 0 xXapakTepb mpodeccionaibHHXxt 
COW30Bb Bb pa3siHuHbIXb CTpawaxb He qaeTh. Ilpnxogutca Jame 
YAHBISTECH TOMY, KAKb Ma1O BS CYMHOCTH NOYEPNHYAL ABTOPb H3b 
oOmupHok NpHBOANMOH UMB we ANTepaTypH, TOOK, BOCMOIb30BaB- 
WHCh CK. ath HakleKalyl KapTHHY wpodeccionarbHaro JBURKeuIs, 
XOTS 6H BE TIaBASAMAXD TOIbKO cTpanaxh Espo. 

BosbMemt, Aja npumbpa, raapy o Tepmanin. 3dabep Ha NpoTaxenin 
YYTb-aH He ABaAuaTH CTpaHub Hu3iaraeTca ycTaBb (AH Ap. NocTaHo- 
Blenia) OAHUrO cosa, Hesb KakHXb Ob TO HH OHIO RPYTHIECEAXB 
sambaanifi u ombaru wu 6e3b yrasania, HACKOIbKO TB HAM Apyria npa- 
BHI& ABIAIOTCA XAPAKTePHEIMH Jd H'BMeHKMXS padowuxX opranysaniii 
BOOOMe, HH BCTPbiawTcA TOAbKO Bb BBROTOPHXD (HH Jame HCeIW- 
YHTCIbHO Bb JAaHHOM’) colw3saxb. BcbmMb OCTAIbHHIMD BONPOCaMB po- 
dbeccionanbHaro ABHKeHia Bb TepManin (HcTOpin H COBpeMeHHOe co- 
cTroabie) NocBaneHo Take Bcero 20 cTpaHBIb, 43% KOHXD NOJOBHHA 
BaHATa CTATHCTHYCCKHMH TaOAHDaMH, & HA OCTAIbHBIX HAaXOMUM Yo- 
AHA WepeywacicHia 10 NYHKTaMb, Bb porB cablywmuxp: «Cs whip 
NOMCPREH OTASILHEX COW3OBS, NOCABAHIG UPAKTHEYNTS OCOOWA Bpe- 
MCHAHIA Memxqy coOoH coriamenia— «kapTeibHHe JOrOBOpH» (4TO 9TO 
SHAYATh—He OObACHEHO) Jalaya NOCIBJAUXS ONAN Take ONperbrewH 
crbiynme mporpamMoi (cabayetb 7 UyHRTOBL)» (cTp. 112). 

He xyaue BHmaa Hw raaBa 06 Anrain. Ilporuponoasaraa «cra- 
pHi» H «HOBHA» Tpalb-1OHiOHAaMb H NOBTOPAA ASCKOAbKO pas NOUTH 
Bb OMHHXb H TBXb Re BLIPAKeHIAX’, Bb YM COCTOHTh pasantie 
Mexy BHMH, Tr. CBaTaoBcKill Bb TO Re BPeMA BeChbMa MAdO BEIACHACTES, 
Bb YOM 3akNOUAIHCh YCIBXH BB CMBICAB yayamenia ycoxoBi Tpyza 
H sapa6orHoll OxaTH, MOCTHTHYTHIe STHMM <CTapHMH> conwsaMu. Ba 
HCTOPHYECKOME OFeEPKB O ABATeCADHOCTH HX MOUTH He TOBOPHTCA, BB 
T1aBB «0 pe3yAbTaTaXb ABATeAbHOCTH TP2A'b-/WKIOHOBSY BAeTS PBIB 
AHMb 06% OMHOMb BOnpocb—o Nepembush o6mecTBeHHaro .MHBHIA BD 
OTHOMeHIA Kb TP9b-WHIOHAM’, T1aBka OOb Oprakusanin Tpe'b-WHi0- 
HOBh—Bb pa3mbpb OHO cTpaHHIkKH—NO1yYAIach BeCbMa KANKAA, A 
TOIbKO BB Ta. VI JawTcaA koe-Kkakia cBbA‘HIA O MOAMTHRB STAXS Co- 
jO30Bb, pH YeMb MHOTIe BeCbMa BaKALE BONPOCH BOBCe HE B8AaTpo- 











HOSHA RKAHIA. 189 


HYTH, 0 XapakTepB KOAJCKTHBHATO AOTOBOPA BUEPBHe YNOMHHACTCA HA 
cTp. 191, Torga kakb BHpakenie sto BCTpbyan0ch yxRe (H OcTadOEh 
OYCBHAHO HeNOHATHHIMD JIA YATATeIA) Topasyqo paubie (HaNp., cTp. 
166), H HATI'B He NOAGepRUBACTCA TOTL MakTb, ITO BCB OTH pe3yAb- 
TATH JOCTHTHYTH 6AaTOJAPA NOIATHEB «CTAapHxXb» TP9sh-lOHionoBD. Ha 
cTp. 236 r. CaaTaoscriff yrsepmaaeTh, ITO «HHGerO XOpomaro MOAH- 
THEA 9Ta Cb cO60W He MpAnecaza». BooOme u38b Bcero H3.10KeuIA NO- 
ayaaeTca Takoe BueyaTrbHie, Kak OyATO «cTapHit> Tperh-FiOHH3MS 
yO OTOMeID Bb Mpom10e A BNOIHB SaMBueCHD «HOBLIMD», «OOCBEIMD» 
TP27b-WHIOHASMOM, TOMA KaRb HA CaMOMb WhIB «cTapHe» COWsH 
CTOATH @D6 BEChMa KPBNKO, 2 TPdTb-lHiOHHW HeKBAABMULEPOBAHANX 
pa6oguxt, COCTaBAANTh ABAeHIe COBEPMECHHO HOROR, HAXOMAMeeca NoKAa 
BB NepBHXb (asaxb CBOero pasBATis. 

Ho efBa-1H He CaMON HeylayHOwW ABASeTCA TxaBa NepBad Noss 
TPOMEMMB sarzapiemb «Mctopugeckift ovepR a pasBuTia padowHxh 
OpraHHsanifi Ha Salah», wallncaHHas, NOBAAWMOMY, TIaBHHIM OOpa- 
30MB Ha OCHOBAaHIH ABYXb Opomiopokb Kaynkaro. Ecan6n r. Caar- 
JOBCEIM ObIIG 3HAKOME CO BCBMH TBMH COUWHHEHIAMH, KOTOPHA OFS 
NPHBOABTh Ha cTp. 20, TO efBa-IH MOyIMAach OL Ta MyTaHHMa, 
KaRYO MH Sxbcb HaxosuMs. Ha crp. 10 asToph yrBepm1aeTs, Halp., 
yo BB XII—XIII cr. «havarmeeca pastomenie eoraibHaro cTpog, 
YCHIHBMAaAcA NeaTpaansania H OncTpHH pocTh roposCcKHx WeHTpoBh» 
HT. J. «H0CIYRAIN UepBONPHIBAOH BOSHHRAOBeRIA paboraro BOMpOca> 
H ykasaBb Jaibe Ha TO, YTO ¢NpHBUerHpOBaHHHe» CTPeMHINCh NOL- 
YHHHTL CBOEMY TOCHOACTBY PeCMECICHHAKOBD, SAKAHIWUBACTh TAKh: «Bh 
XII au XIII sbraxt oto rocnorjcTso yin esponeickuxtb pemMecieHHn- 
KOB CTaIO HeBHHOCHMEMS. Onn, amba neperb cobow Haran mpu- 
MBP CTapHXb THIbAif, BCKOPB CaMH CHAOTHIHCh Bb COM3hI, Kakb 
1a Oopp6H cO CBOHMH XO8H@BaMH, Takb HW AIA COBMBCTHALO Opecsat- 
JOBaniA CBOHXD WpoeccioHadbHHXb HATepecossb. Takh BO3HHKAN 
nexH»... Takum oOpazomb, mo MAbAiIO r. CaaTaonckaro, BB XII— 
XIII cr. BosHaksb padowd Bompoch H BEIpPaSHICH OH Bb OOpasoBa- 
HiH COI30Bb CAMOCMOAMENRLHDIXS MACTEPOBb (MpoTuBopbyia On He 
3aMBuaeTL) IPH YeM WeHh reAbAil NaTpunierd ABIAINCh LosAesa.uu 
(sic) pemecnaennunoss (ONATS WpoTHBOpbuie), 19 Oopp6s cb KOTOPHIMH 
peMecIeHHHKA o6pa3z0paaH nexn! 

Tlocab Bcero ckasanHaro, Mil BIpaBhb, HaMb KaKeCTCH YTBeEPAKIaThH 
TO H NOcab BHXOJa KHHTA YT. CBATAOBCKarO HacTosmlee, CTU.1b He- 
OOxOqHMOe 21a WupoKoh Wy6ankH, couHHeHie 0 MpodeccionajbHAX’s 
pa6OdHXh Oprannsallisxh elle He HamHcaHno. 


190 HOBHIA KHUYTH. 


Bé6naioteka cB0601Har0 BOCHHTAaHia H O6pasoBania HW 3aMUuTH 
whreit. Monn peraxniel H. Top6yuosa-Mocagoza. Brnycks XIV. Tparejia 
wbrexow Ayu. Oyepxn WO. A. Becestosckaro. Mocxsa, 1907. 


Binycxs XVI. Orro Pwoae. [ba mposerapiata. Tep. cp ubuenx. 
M. Becenoscxot. Cb mpequcaosiewd 10. Becenosckaro. Mecksa. 1907, 


Bunycnrh XX. btu —pabornuku Oy AY Maro. Ileppaag KkHHTa Mo- 
CKOBCKarO O6mecTBAa CeTAeHeEHTS. Mocxsa, 1908. 

3a nocabygee Bpema BB MoceBb rpynoow anh, HxehHO-61H3KHXd 
Kb H8faTerbcTBy «llocpeAHUKb», BEINyMeHa Wblad cepia Opomwps # 
KHUKeLS DOXd OOMHMD SarlaBiemb «Bubaiotexa CxBo6boxnaro Bocnu- 
TaHia», a Cb oceHu 1907 r., Kpomb Toro, npexUpHAsaTo u3fanie xRyp- 
Hasa «Cao6oqHoe Bocnuatanie». Kak wanpapaenie Kpyaea «CBobo0n- 
Haro Bocnutania», Takb HW ero UpakTaAyeckaa paboTta MpelcTaBAAWTb 
OWeHb XapakTepHn yro10Kb pycckoH XbHCTBHTCIDHOCTH Bh «d0xy 
HeECAbIX@HHOH CMYTH». Koe-kakia CTOPOHH sTOH padoTH ye OOpaTHin 
Ha ce6a BHUManie. Mexay npowMs, Bb <Pycckoms Boratctsh» 6naza 
NOcBaMeHa 3aMbBTKa Y4pexeHHOMY HBEOTOPHMH WeHaMA KpyxKAa 
<«Jlouy Caofoanaro Pe6bessa> («[legarorageckifi MakCHMai1n3Mb», Je- 
ka6pb, 1907 r.). «Jom Cao6oanaro Pejenka» yupemnaica JIA BH- 
TCTAHTCHTHHIXS H COCTOATCADHHXB ceMefi. To1bkO 4TO BHilelwad 
«cnleppad KHTa>»—orTgeTb «Mockosckaro O6mectBa CeriemeaTh» AaeTb 
cBbabHia O NpakTHyeckoOH AbaTe1bHOCTH KPYRKA Bb APYTuxd 061a- 
CTAX. 

«Becuoro 1905 r. Bh Mocksh co3qaaca we6o1bmoft KpyRoKd AHIVS, 
OObeAUHEHHHXD Kelaniemp padvuTaTs cpeqn Objsaro Hacesenia». Jaa 
Bayata paficHOMb abateabHocTH O6b11a u36pana Cymesckad WacTh 
Mocks. «Kpyxoxb» co6paib oK010 12 MaabavKoBb, «koTOpHb 0- 
Ke1alH Upospectn abro (1905 vr.) ga gayb, UpexocrapienHok Bb pac- 
nupsAmeHie KpyAKAa OAHUMS H3b eFO W1eCHOBb». «ARve COTPYAHHKOBB 
gpyxka 3. H I. oripapuanch fa Aagdy BuBCTA cb WbTbMH». IlepBHa 
ABB HeLbIH Ra Aayb «MOcTOAHHO MpoucxoAuAW cCOpH, Apaku». GacTp 
MAIBYHKOB ybxana AOMoH Bb Mockpy. Octaapane pbmnin, 170 Takb 
JOAbWIeG RUT HeAbSA, WH COOOMA ycTaHOBHAY DOopagoKs. Lia Topsepma- 
Hid NOpsgka exeHeBAO MpoNCcXo_uHdA «cxoxKn». Ha cxodkaxb «co- 
TPYIHHKH» WPHAHGeCKH HHIBMD He OTANVAINCh OT MAIbTHROBB. V1, 
Korda, BO BPeMH ACKYPCTBA OAHOTO A3h COTPYAHHKOBD T-Ha Ll. nos 
OkasalHch HeOpexHo BhiMeTeHALIMH, YT. III. 6b125 NpHroBopentD cxo_- 
KU10 KS OAHOAHEBHOMY JezkypcTBy BAS ovepern. 

Aaa moMerga Kpy#k»y HalitA ONOPHHA TOIRH cpelA ATCKaro Ha- 
cesenis Cymesekaro pafiona. Ilo oxonuanin abta Onah HaHATS JOM. 
Ciooma BB cenTa6pb 1905 Pr. co6pasoch cHayasa oKonO 15 MaabdH- 
KORb, OCHORABLINX’ NepBhit «KayOb» Ota H3ydeHia XHMIN H USHER, 
Ha3BaBMifica «ApOaTcKHM® g.1yOomb». Ho salibmMb OAH H3b WeHOBB 
K1yOa SaABH.Ib, YTO OHD ¢«usHKoH He HATepecyeTca». — «A BLI-4ITO 
XoTbin Ob AblaTh?»—cmpocuawn y Her. coTpyaHHku.—<]a a Oo1bme 
pucoBaTb 1106.10».— «Hy, TaKb 4TO Ke? CoOupalite cBoH Kay6b puce- 





. HOBLIA &HHTH. | 191 


BAAbMHROBDy. — «Hakb Re crbAaTh,a TO A 6b CoGparb? Y mena u 
TOBapHMW ecTb>.—«Brtsbunpalite oObsBienie Bb KIyOB O TOM'b, ITO 
mpeqaaraete co6patbh Hoshi K1y6,—BOTD H BCe»... «O6baBIeHie OnI0 
BHIBbMeHO, H Yepe3sb BScKOAbKO AHeH OOpas0Baica Apyro# Kay6pb— 
«XylomecTeeHHni». TakiNb Ke DOpAlKOMd OOpasonasoch 9 sau 10 
KAYOOBb, Y MAAbUHKOBD: «THxBunceiit»y, «Hyunepesckifi», «Anraifi- 
cKifi», «Topapumecki#», «AMcpukanckifi», «ABcrpatificnifi», «Hn0n- 
crifi>; y wbpovekt: «Sapa», «Cepedpuctuli Jasguurs», <I pysba». Ks 
Bpecab 1906 r. Bo Bcbxb kKay6axb, COOHPAaBUIHXCA MOCTOAHHO Bb EBap- 
THpb kpyka, oOKkasanzoch 120 abre#. Yapemasenie, cosqannoe 10 
oO6pashy AMeCPHEABCKHX'’ COTACMOHTOBD, h MOMYIHIO HasBaHie «CerTze- 
meHTb>. Kpyxonb xe, B3aaBmift Ha ceOa saboTy 0 MaTepialbHol u 
HaeinoH cropoHb baa, opranHaopaica Bb «Mockoscroe OOmectBo 
CerzemeatTh». Baumatmumb o6pa3s0mb pyKoBoAsTh cepieH k1yOoBD 
TAKE HashHBaeMble CUTPYAHHKH. Uocabagie, oJHakO, CTapatHCh, ITOOHI 
cTpofi kKaxkgaro kay6a, a paBHO 4 cTpo# Bcero CeTsementa onpex- 
aaica caMuMuH sbrpMu. Jbromp 1906 r. na gaub obmectaa 410 
OK010 70 «KOJOHHCTOBb»—-M@IbYHKOBS H A'BBOUeKS, IPH YeMb OMATh 
BCB abaa pbuasuch OOMHML cOoOpanicMh, EKYAa COTPYAHHKH BXOANIM 
H& OAUHAKOBHIXS—WPHIHYECKH, KOHEYHO,—UpaBaxb cO BCBMH MaJO- 
ABTHHMH KOJOHHCTaMH. Cb oceHH Toro xe 1906 Vr. «mpHOaBHtOCch 
OYCHb MHOFO HOBHXS pe6saTh». Jaa KaAyOoBb MpuuIxOCh HaBATb 60- 
abe o6mupHoe voxbuenie. [lpn CersemosTb 6135 OTKPLITL, DOMHMO 
K1yO0Bb, Wbrewifi cab («11a MaleHbKUXD Wbreli, HAaIMHAaN Ch NATA- 
abruaxt»). WU oxsobpemesuo fast abrefi, NOAPOCMIMNXS HU YRC IPUBLIE- 
DIX, Oxaroxzapa Ceraementy, Kb OODLeCTBeHHOM *KHSHH, OprapysoBad- 
HOH Ha Havalaxb camo. baTeAbHUCTH MH caMOolIpeybaenin, DoTpedona- 
aHcb Gorbe cxomnna vu Oorbe mupokia opm cosmbcrHof padorsi. 
Hbkoropyii Hamekb Ha JampaAbimyio cyqp6y KAyOOBh, BOSHURIMNXb Bb 
1905 r., cojepxuTca Bb CAbAyOMeMd NpuNbuakin KB XX BHOYCRY 
«Bu6siorexu Caodoguaro Bocuurania»: «knita Haopaka Ui1eHaNi 
Kymuepescraro kay6a upu O-Bb CerazemeatTn>, daqaia KpyRKA Bb 
OOMleEMB CBOAUTCH KB TOMY, YTOOW UpiywTs vhrefi kb onpexbacHHHIM'’b 
COBMBCTHHME opMam'b OOmecTBeHHOH #KuSHH A AbATeAIDHOCTH, DaMA- 
TYH, 4TO HSB TAKHXDL breil mo ecTecTBeHHOMY opayky Bewell c10- 
RATCA BIpOCIbe OUpEAbrenHATO THA. OTA MbICIb H BHIpaAKeHa 8aro- 
QOBKOMDL oOTgeTa oO WhaTeabHocta «Mockosckaro Odmecrsa Cerae- 
MeHTb»: «| bru—padorunkn Oyzymaro>. 

Takoba BHBIIHAR CrOpoHa PaooTH CpeAH HapoOla Bb JavvOMS wa- 
Inpablesin. Htcxo1bko caomube cropona Baytpesksad. Wap sanarill, 
HQ HOIBB KOTOPH Xb OPlAHH30BAIHCh KAYOR, OKU3HBUCTCA, «M0Ab30Ba- 
AMCb CPABHHTeASHLIMD ycubXOMb PUsHKa, XHMiA, PUCOBAHIE, BLIKIEHBA- 
Hiv kKapronameli, nhuie, TAHOW, TYMABUEA KAPTHHB, YTeHIC BCAYXS Il 
pysoxbaie»; Ha Bropod royb Kb OTHMb sanaTi¢w'h OpHOaBHauch 
«pemecia, uepuenie, dpannyschifi, ubuenuifi aspen ut. a». Bo 
Bcem>b Cymesckomh pafionb MOCKBBI, MOB AMMOMY, HE Halll.10cb abret 





192 HOBHA KH. 


H MOApOcTROBb (Bb CeTxemeHTb Onan H 17-xbrHie WHOM), KOTO- 
phe saxoTbia Ob! OpraHH30BaTsca. Bb «kAyOb» JAH COBMBCTHATO 
O3HAKOMIeCHIA Cb S1eMeCHTAaMH OOMeCTBOHHHXE Haykb. H oeTo Bb 
Mocesb, jake Bb TakoOe BPMs, KakB Jekabpp 1905 r. He 6y- 
eMb pasOupaTb, eCTb JH 9TO allOJHTH3Mb 0 UPHHWANY, WIN py- 
KOBOAMTeIM CeTieMeHTa Jame BB Oypnyw ocenb 1905 r. cymbau 
NaMATOBaTh O HeOOXOAHMOCTH MBpPb Kb YCTpPAaHeHIN TAKHXb HATepe- 
COB HTAKHXS «BOMPOCOBLY, KOTOPHe MOLYTb BHSBAaTh BMBWATCALCTBO 
H3BH. /[14 HaCh JOCTATOUHO OTMBTHTS PAakTh: EPYROKS CyMBIS HaliTH 
Bb Mocksb cane 100 abref u noxpocrgoss, Bb BOspacTb OTB 12 Jo 
17 abrb, u BMbcTB cb HUMH OCeHBw 1905 r. MOUTH emeAHeBHO CcOOH- 
padcd# Cb 5 4ac. Beyepa, AIA BhIKJeHbania RapToHaxeli, U'bHia, PyKO- 
whaba, TaHoeBb 4 T. X. Oxepagno, no Kpatinet whpb, yacTb eTHXxXS 
mbret, umbpuiaa ors pday 14-17 xbrb, Morsa MOAYYATECH TOABKO 
pH MOMOMH HbKOeCTO HCKYyCCTBeHHaro noj6opa. 

Ho He STHMS TOIbKO CaMOOrpaHHIHBaeTh KPYRORS CBOW IW'bATeAb- 
HOcTb. Meaay MpoqwuMb, OF AOBOAbHO CYpOBb MO OTHOMeHIW Kb 
«IHKHMb HBCTHHKTAMB YAOI». Bs CerszementTb we NOdaraeTca Ky- 
puTb. CorpyJHuKOBD Kpyakka Ockop6.1awTs «pb3kia BHXOAEH, rpyOocTh, 
ipakH, OpaHb». Hecomubano, Wbru-kypi.IbmHka+-ABAeHie UpucKOpo- 
HOe€, KAKb H <pB3kid BHIXOJKH, ApakH, Opahb», Bb OCOOeHHOCTH 
6panb taomagnag. Ho, kro cOznmasca cb «xbrpMu Ob Haro Hacetze- 
Hid», TOT 3HaeTb, 4TO Kb BTOH cpexb HaJO NOAXOAMTh Cb MbPKAMH 
ropa3sqo 601be MWNpOKUMH H TepuMBIMH, YBMb UPHHATO Bb TAKb Ha3Hl- 
BAeMEIXD «MPHINWAbIX CeMDAXB». Kypenie H 6paHb—uycTaxs. Ipeccs, 
CTHCHYBWifi OOIMeCTBeEHHLIe HUSH, CuslaeTh Goxrbe norpacawutie 
apderto. Bb KauKKB Priore «JbTa mposzerapiara», w3qaHHolt 10Jb 
pejakuiell Toro xe r. HW. Top6ysopa-Ilocazopa, MmpHwBOXHTCa, Mew Ty 
HpOUNM'b, XAPAKTCPHAA CTATHCTHUCCKAA CIpaBka OOb YIeHHTaXt, BH- 
HYMCHHHXDS Bb 1902 Tf. H8b MpycckhUXD (HavaIbALXb) «MkOXb AA 
 HpHHYANTeAbHaTO COydeHiag», Be wa3sBaHHOMb TOAY W3b STHXS WKOAb 
BHin.10 OKO10 1000 xheovens. Hap aux «657 (65,8°4) okasaaHch 
YAO <ONOPOTCHABINA BL WO10BOMb OTHOIEeHIn», 84 OOAbHET CH(PHAH- 
cOMb, 406 ObLIN YK HakasaHbl 3a Hapylenie nomweHCkuxb NpaBHsD, 
G1 yee podiia HIN Oba OepemMeHna. Bb UIKOAMI-NpiOTL! 248 MpH- 
HYANTCALHALO OOyyenia NoMmayawTrs AWhTH MTOAJOHKOB) OOMLECTBAa, YWACTO 
OpOMCHHhA PoOTKTeINM Ha Mpousno1b cygzedb. Ho TorTh xe Pwae 
He Japomb o1mbyaerh, uTO Bb Bepanah, malp., ceMbH pa0o4wuxb He 
TAEB YR PLAkO Nombmawtca GoKb-0 Ook’ Ch KBAapTHPAaMH IpOcTuH- 
TYTOKD, H “Bb TAKAXD CAYYAAXT «XhTH padOunXb HCHOIHAWTS JAA 
OChIONS MaieHbKiA Wopyyenia, O1iBaloTh Y HHX'b Bb [OCTAX', 30BYT 
<TeTAMH», a Tocbruteseii «Aagenpeamu» («bra mposetapiata>, 
crp. 38). H fe zapomb Mockosckie MaaAbIARH-yYeHHKH MalMHHOCTpOH- 
TEALHATO BaBOga OTBbTNAR «coTpyanuKy ILL., korga ToTbh oOnybaca 
Ha pyranb uO ero aapecy: «ITO BAM TOIbRO FYQHO KameTca, a ¥ 
HaCL Jake NPBA; Bh Ob Noman loboibuwie cb HOMH H TORE 


HOBHA RKHATH. 193 


CMBAIHCL OH, EOTMAa PyraWTCA; MH TAKS A CMOTPHM, Rak Ha MyTEY, 
& BH Bb Cepbest IpHHuMaerTe» («bro —pahoraney Oyzymaro>, crp. 66). 
HalO HMCHHO «IIQHHTb Cb HHMH», & @CAH He MORHT, TO MUVHATD 
VYAOBHINAYH OOcTAaHOBRy, Bb KOTOpOH pacTyTB <Abru Obswaro Hace- 
JeHia», XBTH O6OALMMACTBA Hapoda, — HHave He CyMBemMb TepnHMOo H 
CHOKOHHO oOTHeCTHCh Kb YrpyOoH o6o109Rb, wHave He pasrasyHulb 
CEBO3b STY OOOIOURY AYXOBHHIA CHIN EPHCTaAbHOH yucTOTH. PykoBo- 
AHTeAH MOCKOBCKarO CeTaeMeHTa He CYMBIH OTHECTHCh TepmHMO H 
He pasrasyban. 3b Xb KHHRKH-OTIeETA YsHAeMb, HAUp., ITO O1sa 
Absorka Oba HCKIOIeHA HBB KIy6ea 3a «cIuMIKOM. OesioKohwHh u 
Bal0pHHi XapakTepbh»; Aid <MAIBYAROBS-YICHHKOBS MANINHOCTPOH- 
TCAbHALO BABOAa» OKABAIOCh NOCTABICHHHM YcloBie: ETO He NOAMH- 
MeTca NOMb DPaBHAaMH He OpakuTLcH, He KYPHTb, «TOTS MYCTb He XO- 
MMT) BB KIyOb». VW caopa o «padorb cpejn Obgnaro Haceszenia» 
MOJYGHIH HBCKOIBEO ycaoBHH cMLCAD. Umborca nmoxpo6nna cBb- 
Abuia o 98 abraxt, co6paHHHxt CerreMenToMt; 43% HHXD 53— bru 
MCLOFHHXS TOPTOBUeBS, AOMOBAARBILNEBS, BAABIBUEBS peMecien- 
HHXD sapeleHifi H MpavelIHHX, A3BOSYHKOBE-XO3KeBh, MOHCLOHEPOBS, 
CAYRAMUXS, MeCXAaHYKOBb H YT. 3 MeHbe SHAIHTeABHYH rpyony 
(33 geaoBbka) Jaiu mbrn pemecitenunx a padowsxn, oppuniaaToss, 
TaseTUHKOBb, TIOPCMHHXb caymuTere#. Bo Bcakomb cayqab, mora 
OCoALmMHHCTBO Abre#, coo6pasHoe «MpaBalaMb» pyKoBogutere# Cerze- 
MCATA, JaHO CpaBHATeIbHO OGesNeIeHHEIMb OOMECTBEHHEIMD CHOeM'. 
Hym#a, koneqHO, paboTa Bb 9sTOMb cjob, A OFeHS OxaroxapHa ona, 
H XOpoOml0, 4YTO YACTHH HNomepTBOBAHiA, Ha KOTOPHA coOmepRuTca 
MOCKOBCHI# CeTaemeHTd, IipHTeKaNTS BBS STY cropony. He HaxO IHW 
SaEphlbaTh 11a3a, 4TO sTO padoTa He «cpequ Ob MAaro HaceteHia». 
‘Takimb o6pasom'b, WBATeIbHOCTh EPYREA OFpabHw4icHa, TAKb CKa- 
BaTb, H Bb DMNpPHHy H Bb rayOnay. Ho, pasynberca, MOMHO WH Jame 
HOIRHO Cb yonbXoMb WiapaTb H H&@ TOM CPaBHHTeIbHO Ys8KOMD 
H MeIKOMb MbcTb, Kakoe wsOpaiu ceOb pykoBoguTean CerazemeHrTa. 
Kp comarbaiv, y HHXb, kakb H BOOOMe y spyxka «CBo6orHnaro 
Bocnurania>, ecTb H ele oa OcobeHHOCTL, — OHH cCTpayawTs 
IIpeABBATOCThIO MBICIH, CTpeMJeHieMb YMpoOMaTb, pasMBHHBaTb Ha 
Me.ISYIO MOHETY HCOOLIKHOBCHHO CAOKAHA ABICHIA KASH. YTA OCO- 
GeHHOCTh ABCTBEHHO f1pophiBaeTCH HapyxRy Y cocTaBuTesze oTgera 
o whatesbnocta Ceriementa. </J bro — Y4HTaeMb, Hallp., Ha CTp. 
28 — UpHHecnH CB codoI BCe, 4TO Jala HMB YAMA: NOCTOHHHO 
IPOHCXOAHIH CCOPH... CAIBHBIG NPUTBCHAIN CAAOHIXD... NOKYNadA Mma- 
NHPOCH H KypHaAp»... Harb OyaTo Bce AbI0 TYTh Bb ¢YAMOB»; KARB 
6yaTo «AhTa WpHANINHXs cemefi», BcembpHO YAaIeHHHA OTb «yABOE», 
He CCOPATCH, HO NpPuTbcHAWTD ClaOHXb, HE NOKYMAaWTb A He KYPATS 
nauapocs... HeoOHkHOBeHHO APKO OTpasHAOCch cTpeMaenie yApocTaTh 
CAQKHHA ABICHiA H Bb «<o“epKaxb» Fr. Becezoscxaro «Tparegia WbT- 
ckoH Ayu». ABTOPS UepeckasnBaeTE obi payb OelserpacTuye- 
CKHXE Mpovspereniff, TAK’ WAU HHAve BaTpaTHBAWMLUXxd AHICKiA CTpa- 
Ansapb. Orabar Il 13 








194 HOBHIA KAHTH. 


yauia. WM To, ITO Bb NOAIHAHUES aBanetca FbHCTBHTeAbHO Tparenied, 
TIpOKIATICMS, OPfAaHHYeCKH BHITCKANMUMb HSb HasH4HbXb opMs 
cemefsaro H O6mecTBeHHaro ycTpolicTBa,—Bb Nepeckasb r-na Bece- 
Jopckaro mpioOpbraerh Xapakrepb cayyaligaro upouciectrsia. Bb 
OJHOMB Clyaab peOenokb cTpagsaerh, NOTOMY TO OTelb H MaTb ero 
He J00i1Tb, Bb APyruME,—MOTOMY TO POAHTEAH 3apameHh Mpegpas- 
CyY[KaMU, Bb TPeETbeMb,— UOTOMY 4TO POJHTeIH PasBeAHCh, Bb WeTBep- 
TOMb,—HO0TOMY 4TO MATb AJCTKOMBICAJCHHA, NOTOMY ITO WKvAbHHe Y4H- 
Tel’ PYTHHeEPH, HT. Z., HT. J. Hoaysaerca payb KazycoBb, neyob- 
AHTCAbHHIXS, HOO 9TO «OeiJeTpHCTHKa, &2 HO PakTb», CBASAaBHHXS 
4YHCTO CHOBECHHMH WepexuwaMH OTb OAHOFO Nepeckasa Kb Apyromy, 
HaCKOpO UpHrHaHHbIXh Kb DavckoO H efBa-JH KOMY-HHOYAb HywHOH 
MOPadii: BOT ecaHOH BC pOAHTeIH CBOHXD AbreH wo0uAH, a ue 
PasBUAHINCh, Ja He ObIM OL AeEPKOMAIC.ICHHHT, Ja He ObII0 Obf PYTHAH, 
TO ABTH He cTpajaiu On. Jlake oyepeu Poe, apko pxcyioulie, Bo 
4TO OOpalleHa Huse, Abrefi mposyeTapiaTa YCAOBiHMO AaHHaro cTpoa 
HH3HH, 00 TUAKkOBaHiN T. BeceauBckarv, OkaSHBAWTCA «LpH3bIBOM'D 
Kb HPABCTBEHHOMY Iepepoasedib vOulecTBa» («,] TH WpodeTaplara», 
cTp. 5, upegucaosie r. IOpia Beceaosckaro). CTroaTb Juuib Bepii- 
HUM OOMeCrBeEHHOH TMpaMHAB OAHY «HPaBCIBeHHOCTb» CHATb, 3 
Apyry0 «najbrp», WH adh, Ha koTopuit oOpeyvednN UpoazerapcKia WbTH, 
ClaHelb paem'b. 

[lpi Takuxh YOPOULeHALIX', BaTasjaXb LeMYApeHO, TU PYKOBOAH- 
TedH CeTaeMeHTa CKIOHHEL CAMIMKOM UPeYBeAHIMBATS SHayesiv JHY- 
Haro = CaMOYCOBepWeHCTBOBAHIiA,  CAHIUKOMb CUCpeOTOUNBATL CBOH 
CHAD Wa HenocpelcTsenHo Ooph6b cb «OpuBhldkaMH yanuu». H Bp 
pesyAbtaTé OHH CaM BWHYAKICHEE Oe3uOMOINHO OrMbyaTh: «ycaoBia 
vOnUHeH wusnH (bret) cTaaHd CTHPaTb TO HOBOe, FTO Hatado UpH- 
BUBATbCA», AGTH RaaylorcA: «CKYYHY, Heyero AblatTh»; «oOnlecTBed- 
Hhid UTeCHIA WH GUI Kasaidch CkKyUHbiMN» (CM., danp., crp. 48, 58, 
91, «<bbr. pad. Oya»). Hajo onacaTbcs, uTu BAlanie Tako paborH 
Name Bb TOH yao cpeab, rab ona Belerca, He Oy_erb BH IWHpo- 
KHMb, HH PaAyOoKMM. 


HoBbIA KHMIU, MOCTYNHMBMIA Bb peqaklwo. 


(SHaYualiACA Bb 9TOMb CHvCKh KHHIH NpHCbiaalOrcA ayTOpaMH HW M32aTeAAMH BL 

PeMaKUIIO Bb OJHOMb 3K3eMILIAPb H Bb KOHTOph aMypHata Ne Npodaromcs. 

PaBibiMb O6pa:0Mb KOHTOPa He NPHEMMAeTb Ha Ce6A KOMMUHCCIM NO Nplo6pbre- 
Hi}O 31HXb KHUES Bb KHWKHDIXD Mara3zHHaxd). 


Visa, ,LLUunospauxt“. Cn6. 1908. 1) C. Alupéo. ,628-e-8*. Nyrewecrsie Bb 
Ce p2ivecs-Hencniti. (meptp. Dpeca. apromodnath {l. 1 p.25 x.—4) Mapre 
LL. 75 «.—E, Gapsnepp. Moppa bMBcnoB. Apaeaeageedt, Pasckaser T. LL. lr. — 
Ha. Komeaia. LU. 60 K.-3) Oxmags 5) Teaquips. Ausra O HOBOMb TeaTpB. 





HOBHSA 


I. 2 p.— Andpet Hemoeccnitt. 
IIncbMa HEHOP'taabHaro YenoBbka. 1.80 «. 

liza. M. B. Wapoxxosa Cn6. 1908, 
Memepaunns. Toms Ill. UU. 2 p.— 
H. Munentti. Noanoe co6panie cta- 
xoTsopeni# Tome: 1, 2,3 nu 4. UL. no 
lp.—2& A. Tunntycs. YepHoe no 
6baomy. []. 1 p. 25 k. 

U3g. ,Muicab*. Cn6. Jleftnunrs. 1908. 
9. Tenner. Ectecrseunan ucrtopia 
uiporsopenia. U. I-a. Il. 2 p.— Buma- 
Ai Tancnid. LL. 75 K. 

Vi3a. ku. mar. C. HA. Asanosa. Kies. 
1908. H. IT. Bapanoes. Jleounat 
Auapeesb, Kakb XYAOKHUKE-NCHXONOFD 
Hw MbicauTenb. [f. 60 x. -7T. Ocadutii. 
Bopusl 34 3emaio0 w npaBay. If. 1 p. 

VU3za. ,Cso6onnaa Poccin*. Lpocdec- 
conaabubie cOl03bl. «BO @panuin. Ul. 

K. 


Aza. “Hops Cun‘. M. 1908. H. Cy- 
wranoes. 3emenbyan penta. Ll 85 K.— 
B. VYrpauncnii. Kpectpsncxan 06- 
unHa. If 50 «.—-®D. Borxoecnor. 
LUlseAuapckan Boennan cuctema. Ll 20x.— 
A, Baxs. Dxonomuveckie ovepKn. Yactp 
2-a. {l. 15 x. —M. B. Pamnepos. 
Arpapasia BonDOce H couia.1b-eMOoKpa- 
Tin. Li. l p. 2 


Hi3a. ,B-ka OSmecrsennod Moap3pi*. 
Cn6. 1908. 7. .JagGap2s. U3» ucto- 
pin couianu3ma Bo Ppanuin. I]. 25 x.— 
Maxncums cLepya. Jeoarwuia rocy- 
naoctBenHod Baactu. LU. 70«.—Mempa 
Mac.20s8s. ArpapHna Bonpocd B>b Poc- 
cin. T. I. I. 2 p. 50 «.—Toxe. T. 2. 
I]. 3 p. 

H3a. .Sepuo*, Cn6. 1908. .2. Boti- 
moaroscnitt. Texyuit MOMeHTh 4H Te- 
Kyiuaa autepatypa. Il. 35x. AL. Tpoy- 
“xé4. O repMaxHcKon couiaab-gemoKpartin. 
ll. 30 «.—Ba. Hardens. Arpaonni 
Bsonpocs. 4.1 I]. lp. 50 k.--Zaauda 
Puxapoo. Co6panie counnenif. T. L— 
Ovepnu no FuraocoGiu mapnena- 
vee. DunocoPexift chopnuKd. [I]. 2n. 50k, 

Mag. .Mo-peanuka*. M, 1908. Adrrne 
Baay. Yuenie o xpsctianckowh Henpo- 
THBeHIN 3ay Hacutiemb. IL. 45 x.— 
TT. H. Toacmot, Heabaasir. 11. 5 k.— 
ZL HH. To -cmot. Pesuria wosounas- 
crsennoct.. Ll. Sk. — HB. Luaecoes. 
Tats nw uvaeca Boxosro mipa. LI. 
69 .. DIeapds HKapnenmeps. FH 
NOAHUMAIOCh H3b TbhMbI. CruxorTs. Bb 
npo3t. Ll. 25 x—Apends Epne- 
gie.2b07. Uaaa 3emau. Pa3cks3an. UL. 
45 «x —W36pannna mpicau .Taéprotie- 
pa. Cr npegucaos. 7. H. Toracmuzo. 
Ll. 75 «. 


Maa. .Tpx6yna‘. Baapna. 1907. Hawa 
mpu6éyna. Henepioanueckif cOopHnks., 


KHAYTH. 195 


Ku. I-a. LL. 25 «—B. Topnéepes. 
Smurpauia u ummurpauia. []. 25 «. 

Visa. .opa*. M. 1908. Z. Supcoes, 
M. Huo6it. Kb ttepecmotpy arpapxofi 
Bpor PaMMel Hw ex OG6ocHOBaHiA. LI. 1 p. 

K. 

Visan. ,Matenn“. Temps Kozcee- 
aurnoeds, Pascxa3bl. I]. 80 x. 

M32. »Bpoxrayse - Ippons*. Cn6. 
1907. MZ. Kypwuncnett. Mywaun- 
NaAbHola coulaau3M. 

ii-pp Puxapods Aeenaptycs. Kpu- 
THKa YxncTaro onbita. T. I. LI. 80 x. 

VHi3a. Mockosckaro 0-Ba HapOdHhXxd 
yHuBepcuteross. Ipod. ©. &. Mepwue- 
neauss. Odulee yseHie o mpass u ro- 
cynapcrst. I]. 40 «. 

Vizag. HW. ©, Haxasuna. Cn6. 1906. 
90. Rapnenmeps. ([usunu3auia, ea 
npwunn #4 H3neyeuie. I. 80 x. 

Visn. .Tpyab un Bopp6a‘. Cn6. 1908. 
Bac. Boewons. Htapa 3eman Bb Poc- 
cin 4 HXd O6O6mectTBenic. LL 1 p. 

Visa. 1. Kne6ean. M. 1998. A. Bac- 
neyoes Xynoxecrso. [I]. 1 p. 

V3g. A. C Cysopnua. Cn6, 1908. 
-pb Ocearsds Barvoyeps. Kb xcro- 
pin o6iuecTBeHHO - rocyAapcTBeHHaro 
crpon Moabwa LU. 1 p. 5) xk 

H. Pax—ags. Kr dbuaocodin MapK- 
cu3ma. Pura. 1908. LU. 30 k. 

H3q. ,Jlaip*. Cn6. 1908. Conia tuctu- 


yeckan uctopin. oab pen. shana 
gHopeca. T. 1. {L. 2 p. 
M3a. Cxupmynta. Cn6. 1908. Ten- 


puxs Hocens. U. 2 p. 20 k. 
Vi3a. C. B. Byauna. Cn6. 1908. A. A. 
Hurxoraaees. Koonepania. U. 30 «x. 


Maa. .Jisein*. Zaein. SoOipuuxn. I. 
Ll. 1 p. 10 x. 
Mag. Hawa Kuan‘. Cn6. 1908. A. 


C. [puns. Waika weaugumxa. IL. 
80 k.— Br. Marncumoes. Jlurepatyp- 
ube ge61oTe: H. A. Hexpacosa. Lf. 1 p. 

BK. Tpenear. ,Py u ssepxs*. [Lyrt- 
Ka Bb O.JHOMDB abA. tain (Pyxorl ). 

Mig. T-sa M. J. Optxoxs un K* Cn6 
1908. A. Toxpoecnitt. XuiwHuku. 
Ij. 10 k. 

Misa. o-Ba pycckuxb Bpauelt. M. 1998. 
IT. B. Tpanoecnitt. OGitectpennoe 
NpasooxpaHenie w KalluratH3mMd. []. 3) kK. 

Cxa, 3a. Tut dis ®. Bafic6epra. Bo- 
npoce. Konwonnazagyin.  [lepionny. 
cOonHukn. Ne 2. LL 2 p. 50 k. 

B-ka TOuaro Unrareian. H. Bepe- 
auns. Yxpauna. LI. 49 x. 

Ese. Me-Tepoce Typorcancnaa. 
jOrkanku®. * Motencxd 19°8. LL. 10k, 

H. ® Heesdnuuanentti. Mare- 
piantl] Kb BLIACHCHIIO E3aHMOOTHOWEeHIA 
ypanpcun® Ka3aKOBb HW KAPrH3h-Kalica- 
Kopp. Ll. 75 «. 

13* 


196 HOBHA 


A. A.. Baaaees. ‘Tornoe cyeroson- 
cTso yupexneHif Meak. Kpeauta. LI.75 Kk. 
H. Hoeom6enecniti, Tonoxenie o 
ry6. H yB3QHIXd 3eMCK. yupexaeninxd 
1 supapa 1864 r. Tomek. 1907. LI. 30 x. 
A. H. Toacmot. Btppre ce6t. M. 
1908. LI. 4 x. 

Ckaagb u3a. Bd ,pasb*. Cn6. 1908. 
Bapous Kupgs. Uctopia pycckok ro- 
5 ocrenteane T. I. OU. 2 p. 50 «.— 

wmmetns. oe pa6ouaro 
_ aswxenia Bb Bepaunt. I]. 2 

MUsg. T-sa ianarenbcKoe 6r0po*. 
B. Hamatiaoes. Listret okKH3HH. LI. 
lp—. HH. Oscanuno-HRyaunoe- 
enti. A. WU. Tepuent., (Xapaktepuctu- 
ka). Lf. 35 x.—Bradumips Hazop 
av. Iitcua o 3emnbh un connub. II: 
10 «.—Anamonrds Spancs. Ipuecrs 
Penans. LI. 30 x. 

,»Cepns". C6opnunu 1-A_ x 2-A. U. 
50k. w 1 p.—O. JZoasuncnivu. Hauio- 
HaibH BoNpoc. # NonnTHYeCKIA Nap- 
tin Bb ABctpin. 

Vi3n. ,Ploantnyeckoh snunkaonenin“’. 
C. Caonnacniti. O monapxin.— I. 
Caonumcntd, Kua3sb Bucmapxs. LL. 

K 

Hi3n. Bb wara3. ,OcHoBa®. Heans 
Hosunees. Bonotue KpgcThl. PomaH. 
Aypauaune. Jiymp: «4 ntcan. Cn6. 

i. Tywasscutt. Cruxotgopesin. 
Cn6. LI. 1 p. 25 x. 

Vian. page M. 1908. Heats 
Hoeunoes. Jlyxy csatomy. Ll. 1 p.— 
Huna ITempoecnxaa. Pas3cxas3w. II. 


60 x.—Ocuns otmoes. 3emna uBb- 


terp. I. 1 p. 

Visa. Cn6yprekof KHWKHOA 9sKcNegH- 
uin. Cn6. 1908. I’. Sydepmans. Posni. 
4 OMHOAKTHBIXD npecwl. I]. 20 k 

Hi3zn. ,Cxopnions*. M. 1908. " Baae- 
pit Bprocoes. Nytn w nepenytba. Co- 
6panie cruxosp. T. I. Li. 2 p. 

Wan. Maen“. I’. ZZ. Annynyto. Ha- 
cnanmenie. M. 1908. LI. 1 p. 50 x. 

H3a. ,Mpasaa*. Cn6. 1908. Apy3en x 
Bparn espeesn. |. A. EF. Ray Gmans. 
A. Vu. Nuxuo. LU. 10 x.—Ero xe. A. C. 
Cysopune. Li. 20 x 

Ws3qn. ,,dananb*. "Cn6. 1908. Trapar 
Bodaape. Ucxanie pasa, L, 

Vi3a. ,CospemenHba npobaee*. M. 
1908. Bananube cO6opHuKn. Ku. I. I. 1 p. 

MogepHucTH, HXb NpeswecTBeHHHKH 
HW KPHTHYeCKaA AHTepaTypa O HuXb. Ka- 
TaNOrh 6-KH O-Ba NPHKA3THKOBb-eBpecBh. 
Onecca. 1908. LI. 40 x. 

ror vlememps. Cepenycs. M. 
1908. LI. 1 p. 

O. Ceupudenno. Ha chsept. LL 
1 p. 25 k. 


RAHCH. 


B. H. Ropa6aecs. Jintepatypana 
samttKn. Cn6. 1908. Lf. 1 p. 

Usa. .Oaumna*. Cn6. 1908. Cerena 
UInuyeps. Pasckxa3p. Il. 60 x. 


V3a. ,Hgea*. M. 1908. Onmaes 
Mup6o. 21 weHb HeBpactennka. LI. | p. 

K. 

Visa. ,Dpaaxat. Cn6. 1908. B.  O. 
Koeansvcnte. Tamb, 32 x2xenb3HbiMH 
neepamu... Jipama. LI. 50 x. 

Hag. ,sopu*, Cn6. 1908. Heroaer- 


eyuecs. Pacnant Mapkcu3Ma. If. 20 kK. 

Visa. ,2Kuanp*. Cn6. 1908. . An- 
Opycons. Cxaaka aw6eu. LL. 1 Pp. 

Vian. ,Ceo6ogHof Poccin*. M. 1908. 
C. Menreynoss. Crynenueckia opra- 

» HH3auin 8O—90 rr. LL. 50 x. 

M. H. Venencniti. O6mecrsostat- 
Hie Be HayanbHoA wKont. Cn6. 1908. 

. 10 x. 

Aa. Rananmaps. YUnctpyxtopewan 
AbATeNDHOCTD NO MOAOUHOMY xo3afictBy. 
Tudance. 1907. 

A. Karoccoecntt. Mereopoaorisn. 
Uacrb 1. Onecca. 1908. 
A. M. Huxoavcnit., Tomb orkppi- 
THM He6omb. Xappkoss. 1908. IT. 1 p. 
80 kK. 

Visa. VW. JI. Coruna. M. 1908. 2. B. 
Xaexuna. Unaia. Li. 80 x. 

Vian. H. M1. Kap6acuuxosa. Cn6. H. C. 
WMmetineayeps, Wepspue ypoxu reo- 
pain. — 45 K, 

pod. B. H. Hunoavenit.O pyc- 

exons HauioHanbHOM® | CaMOCO3HaHil. 
Cn6. 1907. 

A, H. Te6edees. Uto wtatb kpectbs- 

HaM uv pa6ounms. H.-Hosr. 1908. LI. 


K. 
A, H. .Te6edees. [ttcxan wu Hapon- 
Has autepatypa. H.-Hosr. 1908. IT. 50 x. 
A. Cusemcntti. Ob6yyenie utenilo 
Bb cembh. Cn6. 1908. LI. 35 x. 
H. I. Bpandms. Tuxia nbc. 
Kiesb. 1907. U. 50 x. 


T, Iveoes. Yuna. M. 1908. UL. 50 x. 
U1 Onmace Mup6o. Toaroha. M. 1908. 

. 1p. 

A. B. Pueauns (ITporzemaptt). 
oa6eiTEiA repo. Jlyrancxb. 1907. LI. 8k 

A, H. Mamrowencnté. Otb BO- 
poscraa Kb aHapxu3amy. Cn6. 1908. L. 

K. 


A, TI—es. Tparezia wecrHMuaniou- 
Haro Hapoga. Cn6. 1908. Ll. 10 «. 

IIemps Kaynnoti. Oxonyusiie 
yunTerbckie HHCTHTYTbI CTYYaTCA Bb 3a- 
KPbITyiO ABepb yHuBepcHrera. Cn6. 
1907. 

H, Kasmuns-Bor206es. O, pean- 
rioayom® socnutanin atbref. Cn6. 1908. 

K. 





CAYGAHHHIA 3AMBIEH. 


Mporokoanl yunteabckaro cbhb3ga de- 
Jepauiu. Un6. 1907. 

Iuurad Bepxrapns, Obesymbauin 
Jepesun. Cn6. 1908. LI. 60 x. 
H. ®Saaness. Jlyaan. 

Cn6. 1908. LL. 3 p. 

B. H Yapnoaycecenit. Ks worp- 
HO pedopmt. Cn6. 1908. LU. 30 «.— 
ExxerogHuk) Hapognoh wrkoab. Born. I. 

Visa. Cn6. 0-bb HapOAHbIXb yHueep- 
cutetosn. Kezenttt EKarauuus. C6op- 
HHK® porpaMMb Aekuii no Gioaorin. 
Cn6, 1908. LU. 50 k. 

Ji-pb wen. M. M. Bypemeneps. Be- 
Hepuyeckia Gont3an. M. 1908. LU. 50 x. 

Hi3a, Hoposatosckaro wu YapywHuKo- 


Pa3cKa3hl. 


197 


Ba. Cn6. 1907. Ayu Ipumoe. Jictopia 
ppanuy3ckoé pesomouin 1848 roga H BTO- 
pof pecny6ankn. If. 1 p. 80 «x. 


Vian. A. VW. Dpanats uw K°. Cn6. 1908. 
MUctopia Poccin pb XIX BbxKb. 


YUsn. ©, [Tlasnenxospa. Cn6. 1907. 
A, H. Tepyens. O passutin pesosio- 
WiOHHUXS ngeh Bb Pocciu. LL. 40 k. — 
Henandeps (Tepyends). Pycckitt 3a- 
ropopt 1825 roga. LI. 6 k. 

Msg. ,LUnnosyuxa*. Cn6. 1908 A. 
CepaGumoeuss, Abrcexie pa3scka3bl. 
Ul. 1 p.—_Hapeycs. flo troppmMams Bo 
Bpema pesoznuin. Mot noé6trs a3b Cu- 
6upu, LI. 80 «, 


‘Cryyanha 3amMbrKn. 


{ipa KalOUMXCA ANTepaTopa. ...<CkBosb myM> BH rpoxOTS AyM- 
ckuxb pbuei Il. A. CTOIHNUAD BRPHLIMB H TBEPAHMb B3TASIOMD 
YCMOTPBAb, 4TO 38a (HepBoh) lymo# He O30 HHRAaKOH dusHyeckol 
coon». ... «cemb MBCaTeBR (Leppard) MeKIYAYMbA OMIA CTpallHLiM’ 
KomMapoMs. OOHaeHAOCh HACTHHHOe NosoaLe pyccKoli xusHH. Opra- 
HH30BaHHHXb CHIb Y OOmecTBa JIA OOpLOH, KaKD H MpeABHAbAW AIH, 
3HaBmMie PYCCKYW RASHb, He OKasanocb. Ho BHACHHIOCh, 4TO HTS 
TOH oO6aacTH, BL KOTOPyW He MPOHHRS OW YepBb aHapxiv. Boenwunie 
6yHTH 00 cBOe OeSCMLICI€HHOCTH H AHKOCTAH HUGSMB HE OTIHYAIHCh 
OTb KPecThAHCKHXD OesnopsaKOBb A eBpeckHxXb Dorpomosy. Yya- 
Maicd MOJOMeRb, HA PALY cb OeBkOpHICTHHMH (anaATHRAaMH U Madia- 
KaMH He@H HIH 4YBCTBA, BHABAHYIA& MHOTO S1eMeEHTOBS, Bb KOTOPHXB 
OOWEHOBEHHOe HeropxalicTBO NPHIYAIHBO NepenAeloch Cb MOBeEPXHOCTHO 
BOCIPHHATHMA HiefHhiMH epexuBaniamH. H3b HapexBHXb HH3HHS 
OOH KHOBEHBHC YIOJOBHHe NpecTyNHHEH, yOiKUH, BOPH, rpabuTeiH Mac- 
CaMH XIHHYIA Bb «MOIHTHKY»... OHOW H3B KEPTBb Teppopa ABHACH 
Il. A. CroxHHHb, AMGHO 4y70MB cnaculifica OTb cmepTH... Ta camaa 
Tparegia, KOTOpad pashrpazach BB NepBok Jymb, WOBTOpAIach H BO 
BTUPOH, TOAbEO BL opm’, Ooxbe Taxero#, Takb kakb Gescnaie oOme- 
CTB&a, TOUHO Bb HacMBIURY BHCIaBMaro Kpafihee OoIbIMAHCTBO, 6nII0 
OYRBHIHO Id BCX». 

Takb Unmet r. A. C. Hsroess ph crates, osarraBriexHoli 
«II. A. Croibingab» 4 HameyaTaHHoH BB «Pycckol Mbicra» (gH. XI, 
1907 r.). 

«To, ITO ecTh,—ecTb... A ecTb O6e3cnaie, IpPAOILCTh H MeIKOTA 
Hapowa, Macc’b, OOIbMIHHCTBA Hain, 0 KOTOPHA pasOuanch yCuain IND 
H naptii»... Hanpacho mpHHocuaz0 mepTBH «BCe,—4TO ecTb Bb Poccix 


198 CIYTAHHHA SAMBTRE. 


YMHAL0, JapOBATArO, TALAHTAMBAarO, CAMOOTBEPReHHATO, repowyeckaro>... 
«Haporp oragaica dederot... Onb MoKasarb ce6a BB STOMD NoOKyMe- 
Hin Ha pepoaniio ne Mase Mypomnems u He cHabAuMS Camco- 
HOM, @& BCero TOABRO [IONpHMHHLIMS, KOTOpHH RoobpasnaAb cebs 
PepinnanjoMs VII, kopotemb HCHaHCKAMS, MH JaBafl yepTuTe. Ha- 
UAABCTBO ONBMAIO; & TaMb, BALA, ITO [LonpamAwt—tToxbKo I[lonpa- 
MHA («I1. A. CTOALITHHDS BBPHWMD A TBCPALIMD B3118.10Mb YCMOTPBIB> ), 
co6paloch cb azyxowb. «Al Te6Ob nokamy, kako TH ACHaHCRif KOpoOab»... 
VMenoxasaqg. Mb JYMalH: Tepeyb HaMH BYAKAAS, aH Ofa3aICH 
nyshpb. Wayib ero HOCKOMD rocnhosckifi canorb,—H# Bech peposwnion- 
Hifi 1yXb H3b MY3EIPA BOD...» 

Takb nmanerh r. M. OAreaxbrapab BB MOReEKBILHHIHOH raserTB: 
«Cao6onanta Mrican» (crates: «Be3b Biixoga», 7 sHBaps 1908 r.). 

«Bb Temaof HecyacTHOH cTpan’b» ,—ropopuTs r. Asroesb,—pykonola- 
ILHMH CHAAMH BRYTPeHHed NOAUTARA ABIAWTCA A 0 cel ReHb GropoKparisz... 
H ElaccoBHi HATePeCh 3eMAeBAATbIbWeCKarO ABOPAHCTBA». W HARAKEXS 
<peopMb», HHKAKAXb TepembAD He NpeABHARTcH. Kakb «MHI> RHAH 
H HHBEMS, «TAK VW GyleMb AUT, 3AHHMAA 8a rpananell LeHbTH, NO 
HOBarO TOAWKA». «[[poRarnBiarcs peBoswnia,—rosopuars r. M. dureas- 
Tapi'’b,—He TOALKO He puBeta KB OOHOBIeEHIW, HO H He BHIBeAa HA 
NyTh Kb O6HOBIeHiD. [lepexb Hama AAWHAHH, GepHEt, s10B0HEHH 
koppnzops... Ilo stomy ROppHAOpy... DOBexeTB Hach acTopia. Crpou- 
TelCMBh MRHBHH BHICTYMaeTh... TOPRecTBYWMI KAONG A8b COWRA pyc- 
cKaro Hapola. Bapoyemt, pycckad HCTOpPiA H3aBHa KAONOMS Waxszay... 
[. M. Onreiprapib He OTPHNaeTh, ITO «Bb KOHITB KOBIOBbY MORETH 
CIYIHTBCA BCHKOe, HO Dad <«Oanmaimuxn jecatTurbrifi» He RATS 
HUKAKOTO HCXOfa, HHRAakOH HaeKIH; «3TO OYeBHAHOCTD: Hapoyh 
He PeBOAWMMIOHeHD, CYHYBUIACh OO Buepexb. OHB He BbIICPKAIb 
neppo HeyqauH H Mperbh Telepb Ha NOUATHH; Mpa TAaKHXb ycaso- 
BiINKD BCAKIA PeBOTONIOHHNA MOWHTRH — Oesnoze3Haa rHOeIb 1W- 
neil, HEHYRHAA RepTBa; Ha10 AMBTb MYECTBO IPA3HATh A 8aABHTh 
uTo». He oborpmiaetca Halex lama OTHOCHTe3IbHO OrnKatmaro 6yzy- 
maro wr. Usroent. Ipasaa, no ero mabarin, «I. A. Crormmans 
HopeTcA 3% HOB cTpol, OTCTaHBaeTh pedopMAl». «Jame moNTHYe- 
Ckie IPOTHBHUKHA, yTBepxaaeTs Vr. H3roeph, He cTanyTb OCMAapABaTh 
y IL A. Croatinnna Bbtlammuxca AWINHIXb KayectBh: Gescrpaimmaro 
(pusuqeckaroO MyMeCTBA, OPaTOPCKaro TalanTa, ynopHoH aneprin; MHI 
HICMb Jadbile,—3aABigseTB OTB cebs r. W3roept,—n MmpasHaems, 
yTo Il. A. Croanumnb OUHb 3b HeEMHOTAXS pycCKAXb Tocy- 
ApCTBeHHEIXh Abatestef», AyMOW KOTOpAarTO BAAYbeTb «HCTHHHO-Tocy- 
JlapeTBeHHad Hea... 0 Mmpespamenia Poccin Bb cTpany cBodo_Haro 
SUKHTOWATO KPCCTbABCTBA, PasceInBMaroca xyTopamu» *). Wr. H3- 
TOCBb «1H4HO yObRICHb», ITO OCYHecTB.IeHie eTOH Hien «HeH3s6bxHO 


— wee ee oe ee 


*) «Pycck. Mnicab>, ka. 11, 1907 r., erp. 151. 


¢ 


CiyUaHHEIA SAMBTEH. 199 


H meXaTeqbHo» *). Una «<eme jarpme», r. Usroeph yTBepxaerh, ITO 
«eCiH LiapTid HapogwHoH cBoOoxH cymAeHO OCTaTBCa EpyoAos obdmie- 
CTBEHHOH cuaA0f, ona Hev36bKRHO JOAmaa NPHATH Kb WpussaBil Ha- 
Yal& IHWHOH COOCTBEHHOCTH Bb KPeCCTbAHCKOM 3@MCIbHOM®D CTpob» ***). 
VM, kart uspberae, «naptiei wapogHof cBodoyn» yxe UpeqpHHATL 
lari KB UposcHenil cosHania Bb aTy cTopony Ho HI. A. Croam- 
NHHb OfepKuM «OOS8HbI MH HEMPIA3HbWO K'b OOMECTBCHHHIN’S CHAM». 
«Bcb o6mlecTBeHRHA CHIH, KOTOPHA BOSHUKAIH Ha Halwell pojusb, 
BCTpbiaia Bb HEMb 3ibiimaro H HeyMOaHMaro Bpara». Huy He Ha 
Koro «OflepeTbca BB cBoeH pogunh». W <npH cToaukHOBeHia Cb TMou- 
MBCTHHMS K1ACCOMb» H3b «HNeH, OBaybamei gywow» Il. A. Cro- 
IHDHHa», Cpasy BHUalO TpH YeTBepTA eA COJepxKania»., OcymlecTBurb 
ae «<uocrbagiow», yubabsmyio «yetsepth» y I]. A. Croamuna HbTL 
«CDeACTRL»,—ONATh-TAKH 10 NPHYHHS <henmpisd3HH Kb OOMECTBCHHLIMS 
CHiaMb». HtTak>, Halo ocTaBHTb Hageman, 4To If. A. CroaniMH?, 
cnacers Poccii. WH suxoqa wbrs. Hactoibko BHXxOja ABTS, ITO, kak'b 
BhipasHica T. A. C. H—3Bb Bb «Pban», «kTO H3b PYCCKHXD woZeli 
TenepS He MCITACTh O TOM, UTVOHM MWOABHACK, HAKOUeIb, Y Hab CBOU 
Bucmapkb # BEIBeTB Poccilo H3b Nordsvmjawmeli ee cMyTH» *). O, 
ec.1H6H, Bb CaMOM’ Aba, noaBHaca bucuapK'’b, KoTuphlé He Oosica On 
«OOMLECTBEHABIX'b CHID», KOTUPHH HCKaI Obl COW3aCh «OOMecTBeEHHHMH 
CHJaMA», ITVOLI OCYMCCTBUTb HAC, OBIaA‘BMYW eru YUWON... 

«[lepeyb HAMM JIMHAbI, YepHLfi, 310BOHRHIH KOppHAoph». Hams 
MIpOTHBHO NO HemB uaATH. VM Both nmyrb bucmapsxa. I’. M. Qureab- 
rapib, BIpOweMb, KAKB “yYATO HHYeTO He HMC H HHKOLO HE Ker. 
IL apyruxh yObagqaeth te wath, HE UCKaTb, He MpPHHOCHTb «Oesild- 
HE3ALXD KEPTB», & «MYaAvCTBEHHO» MATH TONh KOMAHAY «TOpKC- 
cTBywuaro Kiowa». T. A. C. H3roeps sb «Pycckol Maicau» mpocto 
cKkopOuTs, iro Il. A. Croaununt, uuba Bob ganuna («6escrpau- 
HOG MYAKECTBO, OPAaTOpcKifi TalanTb, YNUPHYW) SHEPLiko» Hf 1aAke «Hew» ), 
Tbmb ue Menbe... FT. A. C. U—sb Bo «Pbun> Jake yobajen'b, 4ro 
HE TOAbKO OH, HO H BCH BOVOIIe «mMedTalWTh O bucmapKb». Ho orn 
pasindia egBa-iH cymectBeHAb. MW turn awe t. M. Jnreabrapa‘b, Hado 
WOlaraTbh, HHYerO Ob He HMB, eCAHOH eru KOMAHAHPOMb OLIB He 
KAOMb, & KaKkOC IHOU Gombe upisTHoe Hacbeonve. 

Al BOBCe He HaMbpewb CTaBUTb 3HaKb PaBeHcTBa MewAy Pr. Lsroc- 
BhIMb A M. OurerbrapgzoMb. besb COMABHIA, 9TO PasHble loJu H pas- 
HEIa y HHXDb Mica. LM. Onreaprapie mummers Oo cedb: «l'pbiten, 
H os Bb TO BpeMaA (brevyeHie 1904 — 19U6 rr.) nopbpuab, yru 
BHRY OVAYBUArOcd THTAH2, KOTOPHI He OCTAaHUBUTCA Jake Neperb 
MOUNTKOH ocyHiecTRIcHiA CoMiatNcruyecKol Opraksallu OOMecTBAs; 
«H 48>, xoTd, Hapawn’ C'b -APYPAMH «<NYOIWUCTANH HSB bCTHATO Ha- 


ee eee eee 


*) Ibid., erp. 143. 
ery uid. etp. Lit 
4% Y <Pbybs, 3, l, LuUs, 


200 CAYUAHAHA SAMBTRE. 


NpaBleHia», HO BCe KE «CTapatcA MCTOAKOBATh ABHCTBUTeABHOCTS Bb 
O1aronpiaTHOMb Jaa pesoronin cmbicab», Tenepb ont y6bauACAa, ITO 
Hapolb He THTAHS, a dedeita uw orbi et urbi UpHHOCHTS joKaasie. 
I’. Usroepb, HaCKOIbKO MOMAHTCA, ‘BOBCe He O*RUJaI> HeMe_TeAHAar0 
ocylecTBIeHia comiaaHsMa. OnakO Tellepb OND HallpacHo fJaeTs M0- 
HATL, 4TO UPHAHAlJeaMITE Kb INCAY AWAeH, SHAWMIMXB PYCCKYW RH3Hb, 
H «ppezpaybauuxs»... Ilo cymectBy r. Usroesb Tome packanBaeTca 
H TOKO NOYMHBIb. Kakb Maprifiqn My6AHMMCcTh, ORD «COKaTbeTd», 
4UTO «peBOAWDIOHHHH noAbenb 1905 r. ORHBHIS YMHPAlWMyW YTONW>, 
uTO «ilapTie HepogzHOH cBUbOA]bI» “«<cublaH'b OHIb JOBOABHO pbUE- 
TCIbHHH arb BB CTOPOHY OTS AHYHOH COOCTBeEHHOCTH oO HallpaBae- 
Rift) Kb Halionalsaniv... Hw, Orarojaps O6nAif Bb NapTin HBATeIAH- 
TeHTCRUXD SJEMCHTUBS, HE BHHICAMHXD WSb-N0Xb OOaswid HapOAHH- 
YeECKEHXD Teopili, eto BCTpbTHI0 He MalzO CHMDaTi#». PackanBaeTca 
rs‘ Asroesb H AHYHO OTS ceOA, kKAKB DYOIRDHCTS, KOTOPHH, Mey 
UPOYHM'D, YRC He NepBHH pasb BHCKASHIBACTL CBOH BSrAs{hl Ha Hbl- 
RBWHAO MpeAcblaTe1a coBbTa MHHHCTpOBD. [pH H3HH, Haup., Uep- 
Boh JlyMy, gkorga r. A. CrolnHmunt Bb «Hosomt Bpemena» crus 
yrpomaTs Jiymb «cTpanlduimb rabBoMb Hapota>, r. Hsroeph macads: 

«lish JBYXb PyYCCKHXS JKCATIBMCHOBD CTOANMHHEIXD... MAHHCTPE... 
MOIYAIHBB H cocpexoToueH'B... Cb oso CTOpOHH, rocylapcTBeHHHA 
pa6otH, cb Apyrof#—rocysapcTBeHAHA TAHA, OTS Talthoh THNOrpadia 
AO NMOATOTOBJeHIA NAaTpioTHeckAXS mponecci#t... [pn Takoma o6nain 
bila HERONS pas bACcHATs... OCHOBaHIA CBOeH DOAMTHKH. Hakoe cyacrie, 
ecIH Jaa TakoH pa6orH umMbercaA HalexHHf, cao ye10BbE'b, Opars... 
Hosoppemencrifi A. CTOIHNHHS H ABIAeTCA CiaMCKHMb OAHSHETIOMD 
munuctpa Dl. Croipmuga. Ojna Ayula Bb ABYXb ThIaXb: OHO TIO 
yipasiderh, Apyroe nHuteTh». WM zarhbe, orBbuagd o6OHMD «IReHTADME- 
HaMb>» Ha yrpo3sH, r. Usroepp nucars: «Mi He COMH'BBaeMCA, 4TO, 
coOpaBb WBCKOABKO COTh XYAHTaHOBS, BI MOMeTS pasbirpaTb ‘TparE- 
KoMeAIIO CTpalnaro TrAbBa Haposza A MpoTuBS Bce JyMH H DpOTHBB 
CH OTABILHHXb qWeHoBb. He comubsaemcs, 3TO BaMb YJacTca BO- 
BIeC4Ub BB SaroBOpb NPOTUBS JLYMH H HBCKOIBKO COTh OOM@HYTHXD 
uimionamH coazaTb. Ho... ecaHOH Bh BBpHIH, ¥YTO HapO'b 3a BaMH, 
4TO OHS 10OH3aeTh NpectyoHyH pyky yOiligs, HachawNlyxXb Ha Hero 
OCETHHS H KasakOBb>... etc. *). 

CopepiteHHnk sreqenie poryTopa .bTb MepexOXb OTb 9THXE 
BLIpakenifi, UOUTH PaBHOCHIBHEIXh SHTeAbTapAOBCKUMS, Kb TAaKEMh 
upesBL4ano OONSEIBAIOMHMB 9oMMTeTAaMb, Kakb: «Ooperrs 3a HOBLII 
cTpo», — ecTh HecoMHSHHO packasHie. Ho r. M. Opreasrapyp fA 
r. A. C. Wsroepbh nactoabko pasHble JAH, TO OHH ame packak- 
BaloTCH 00 pasHOMy. OHH MOMBHTB O <Mpemye @HCAaHHOMB» H 
TOBOPHTh HalpsAMRKH: <rpbient». Apyrofi caa6omamMaTenh, KRakb KeH- 
mnHa, o6anuaemad Co10MOHOME: «nokia, o6Tepza poTb», H Kan 


*) ,PBab, 2 inpaa 1906 r. 








CAYGABHLIA SAMBTRE. 201 


6OyNTO HHWeTO paHbite He OLIN0, RKAkb OYTO BHYerO He CAYIHAOCH. 
Ho np Bcemb pasiag4in sTHXD woe TNyAHO He 3aMbrAaTb 4 CxXOI- 
cTBa. CXOACTBO Cka3HBaeTCA yike Bb caMOH Manepb RaaTeca. «fl 
rpbuieb>, — rosopuTs r. M. Onressrapyt, — HO, OOparaTe BHH- 
MaHie, <«NYOIHOMCTHE H3BRCTHArO HallpaBlenia» He MeHbINe MeHA 
«cTapaiuch» Sf panukaibHo “usMbAnID cBoe MAbHie Oo II. A. Croam- 
HHS, HO, rocuoxa,—ropopaTs r. Hsrocrb— «ame morHTHYeCKIe Mpo- 
THBHHEH He CTaHYTS OctapaBaTs y Il. A. CroxnimAna BiIawuAxca 
HHUHHXB KavectBp»... He a Ofna sadsrymRaics,—scb 3sablyxaaNch. 
He ogno MOe cepane mOoKOpeHO,—Bch cepama nOKOpeHH. OTa MaHepa 
OUPaBANBaTbca UPA MOMOMH O61HHAaTO OOBHHeEHIA APyrAxb OMHa- 
KOBO He 4yae1a OOOMMD KAaWMuMCa UyOunHCTaMb,—H Yr. M. Ouresb- 
rapay, ar. A. C. Waroesy. 

Ho cxoXcTBoO MexJY HAMM He TOADEO BB oTOMD. I. M. Oureab- 
Tapkb «<NUCTABAIb TOUY Hald i»: «Hapors dedera», «xapors Ionpu- 
DHHS», <OescuicHb, Apadit, MenoKb». MW pasb ota TouKa Had i 
MOCTaBIeHa, H3Ib HEA, Kasaloch OH, JOIMeHE CIBIOBATb BLIBOND: 

— HKakosb wapoy’, TakoBa H PORMCHHAA UMD WATeAAMrenniA. 
Tio sakoHaM® ecrectsa u 4, M. Onretbrapyt, JOIRCHb MpPH3naTh 
ce6a deeanHymt Nopoxsediemt, NOmpHOHCKEM'’S OTUpHICKOM®. I'pb- 
WeHb, sabjAyRAAICA HA OTOTH CUeETS,—«yMalb, uso a. M. Onresb- 
Tapib, BYIKaH', AH OKA3AICH Ny3Hpb; NAyID Meus, M. OQuresbrapsa, 
HOCEOM®S TocnoycKifi callorb—H Bech peBOMIONIORHEIE AVX 3b NyBHIpsH 
BOH?D»>... 

BHBOI'b, DOBTOPAN, eHHCTBCHHHH, nens6bmani. Oxasnpaetcs, 
OMHAKO, GTO 8TO TORO Hapoye—dedena. Ar. M. OQHresbrapap 
oco6b cTaTba. OHS oO6BHHATeIb. On, Sesh coMHbHIA, MPHHAlexATB 
KO <BCeMY TOMY, 4TO ecTb BB Pocci yMHaro, JapoBUTaro, TalaHTAL- 
Baro, CaMOOTBepmeHHarO, repouyeckaro». OTKya me BBAIHCh CaMO- 
OTBOPKEHHHE, TAIAHTAIMBLIG YMHHKH-repow? ACTS, ITO IH, HX BB 
Pocci npuHech? Koneqso, He ancTb. OuyweBHyHO, BCB BOOOMe YMHHEH- 
TOPpOH PORCH ECTECTBEHHEIMB Nopazkomb. Ho onn we dedeauHo 
nopoxfenie H He NoupHMmuncKIA oTupHcks. MW cymecTBoBabie “Xb Bb 
Pocci MomeTE ONTE OObACHEHO TOIbKO ThMb, 4TO ecTs BB Poccin, 
TOMHMO Hapona, ocobmt cao#, poxsanmmill caMOOTBepmReHAHIXh Oop- 
IOBb, MYICHHEKOB'S wen, OJe Obs0#, He dedernnok xoctTt. Bs 
OaHO Bpems fr. M. Onredbrapxb 6nN0 «nOBBpulb», TO Y Hapora 
Toe, XOTA H 4YXCCHHME OOpasoMb, Ha MbcTb wepHHXxn KocTel 
BHipocaH Obina. Ho ro 6Onxrb mupaxs. WM smpjamt Obzo# KocTH 
OCTAeCTCA AHIMIb MYMECTBCHHO UPUSHATH, ITO UX LaIbAbimMiA «RepTBH», 
gasbubiimasa Goph6a 6esnoresHit. Hapozs—dedesa, xamb... «Mu Ha- 
rbsaluch, a Hapods oKasadca»... YBH, RUBS cTapHit pycckifi Hapo- 
ZOAWORBHH OapHHh, HAaYTaHHHi, H Jae Kakb OyrTO o6pas0BaHAHh, 
HO Bb OCHOBHHX BOUpOCaxh COMiaIbHOH MuBHH MAaeHYeCKH HEBS- 
MCCTBCHHHH. MuBs crapHit pycckilt HapoxonmbuBhi OapHAH'b, 0 

. TAYOHHH Jyoln BOsMyMaWulifica, Korqa pH HeMb TOBOPATh, YTO eCTb 


202 CIYUAHHHA 3AMBTEH. 


TiH GepHow w ecTh AAA ObsoH KocTH, mMeyTawmMiff o cBObORB, oO 
pasencTss, 0 6patcTBb, HO HeEHCKOPeHHMO, BCBM2L HYTPOMb CBOHMD 
YOBRICHHHH, ITO «MBI» CCTh «MH», & HAapONb, pycceifi Hapoys... rM... 
<pycckas HAcTopis#, 3HaeTe JH, H34aBH& KAODOMS Maxaa». Ota Oap- 
CTRCHHAd NCHXOI0rIA, 98Ta OakTepld ULMAXeTcTRa Npoxuta 47 wbrS 
nocab OTMba KpbiocTHOTO MpaBa, cy“b1a yObAabTD Bd OHS «CMYTH», 
cymb1a mpiyEpacuTbca awe WHMNAHMH PeBOINODiOHHHMH (ppasaMa. 
Ho nocko6ante pesotogionHare @pasepa,—H BH YBHAUTe, TO STO 
Bce TOTS He ayAakoBaTN crapHi Oapuns. 

[. Usroesh DOAXOAUTS Cb Apyrofi cTOpowH, WO TORE CTABHT TOUKY 
Harp i. Ecth Il. A. Crotnmugs, xymow Koero «Baaybers rocyszap- 
CTBCHHad Aled» H Ramla BRecTH «HOBHA crpo#». Ho Ha ero NyTH 
BAa(THHA UpenatciBis. as npeosorbaia ux I]. A. Croanmuay wymaa 
onopa. WM ectb <aptTia HapoiHoh cBoOor,W», «kpynHad O6mecTBeHHas 
CHia», TAKKe RAKIYMAaA «HOBaro CTpos» A TOTOBAA, MOTH OO0s3aH- 
HaA IIPHHATh TY Re YTocysapcTBeAHyH Hew... Cabmy oroBpopuTscas: 
co croponnt «Pycckaxt Bbgomoctei», yo HbBKOTOpOH cTeneHu OTpaxa- 
WOMAXS BIVIALW UapTi#AbXh KOHCTHTYNIOHHO-eMOKPaTHUeCKEX®D kpy- 
TOBY, HSTOCBCKAA XAPAKTEPHCTHRA «NPeMbeP)b-MHHHCTPa» DoAyunsza 
CYpOBH OTHOpb, H ye OHO STO HE NOSBOAReETH PacipocTpahaTh Ha 
BC}O apTiO OTBBTCTBEHHOCTS 3a CTOAb Heyek1WReS COMOCTaBIeHie, OTS 
KOTOparO WaXHETH MOAHTAYECKHMB CBATOBCTBOMS ypHoro ToHAa. CBa- 
TORCTBOMb, HMCHHO HEYRINKAMB H, 00 MeHbmel Mbpb, HeyMHEIMS. 
JouycTuMt, BB caMomMb wb1b, GTO Tr. GTOALIIMHL—-ReHHXb, KOTOPOMY 
1a Upeolo1bHid BlacTHAX WpenatcTBil HYHHA NOADyra cepazma. A 
«OOMLECTBEHHHIA CHIBI», TOTOBLIA MPHHATh «FocyAapcTBeHHYN Hew» 
r. Croatinnna, — nepbeta. Ho Bbzb, 10 cA0BaMd r. Wsroepa, He TO.1b- 
KO 8Ta HEBBCTa, HO HW BCH ef CeMba Oe3CHIbHa WH HeMoImHa. Ona MO- 
KeTh pasoOphbTb, pacuBBcTuH, cTaTb cympyrofi Ha pBAKOCTh H OKa- 
3aTb GOIbDIYHO DOMOMb «<Oopny 3a HOBHIH cTpof». Ho aya storo xe- 
HHXD JO1KeHD IpeABAapHTeIbHO A CANHOIHYHO OTMBAHNTL OXpanul, 06e3- 
NeyHTb CBOOOTH, BOOOMe CTOIKRHYTh BHYTPe€HHWW DOANTHKY Cb petb- 
COB, COOTBBTCTBYHMHXS UporpaMM'’s KepxoBHo yuopaBH cowsa pyc- 
ckaro Hapowa H CoBbra oObequneHHAarO ABOpancTBa. TO ecTb HeHAXS 
AOIReERS 2O Opaka JocTurayTb Tok obaw, JAA OcyMecTBAenia KOTOpOH 
Npeanvsaraetca Opakb. Co6cTBenHo cxema r. W3roepa ecTb cCHxOMHCe 
H BcecTopoHnHee HeAOpasymbuie. Hu oTKyAa He crbAyeTh, uTo <I]. A. 
CroibiiHAb Ooperca 3a HOBHK crpofi». Ito r. UAsroeBh u3b coOcTBeH- 
naro Wagbya BHCOcaI’b. Hu oTkyza He cibqyeTb, YTO MPH JaHHOMS 
Hacrpocnin «ciepb» Boobule BO3MOKeHB Ha MbcTB r. CromNaAHa 
«Oopentb 3a HOBLIA cTpofi», H ITO BTOMY «Oopny» NOSBOIATS CTOARHYTS 
WOMMTHRY Cb @H HHHBMAATO pycia. Borb Kabn On1Ib Ooperrb, 1a 
KaOh] CMY NO3BOIHIM, Ja KaOkI OHS NepecTalb ONTS <31biMaMs Bpa- 
TOMb» IpekpacHo HeBBCTH, 2a KaObI MOCTPOHT BOSAYWANH MOCTS 
H3b SuMAaHHIOBEH OpaMo BD Iletep6yprs... AXxb, ecXdHOH BB CaMOMh 
bib aBuica BacMapkd 1a SakJOUHIb Opakb, KOHEYHO, He CB «3y6- 


- 





CAYGAHHHS SAMBTEH. 203 


PaMH», He Ch «<MAaHbAkaMA H @anaTHkaMH HeH .HIH YYBCTBa>, He. 
Cb ThMH «HH3HHaMH», OTEYAa XaHAyIH yOituw, BOpH, rpadurealu... 
Oxus® crporift Gapuat,r. M. Jareabrapyxd, 6e3b xo3AHHa PBMAIS, Ur0 
HaO HATH Kb HEMOAICHHOMY OCYIMeCcTBAeHIW COniasu3Ma. pyro e7Ba- 
aH He Gombe crporii Oapua, r. A. C. Usroent, we Mpudb TORE Ged 
XO38HHA, Bb DOpAAKh, Tak’b. CkasaTb, Opaqwaro KOHTpakTa MemAy «Buc- 
M@PSOMb» H «OOMCCTBCHAHMH CH1aMH», IpeppaTaTs Pocci Bb crpaHy 
CBOOOJHarO B8aKHTOUHALO KpeCcTbAACTBAa (Ha wofodie JaTcKaro), 
PasCeAHBMAarocd XYTOPAaMH H TOMepRABANWMAarO HA CBUHXS NAecwXb 
<6oraTy MpOMHIWACHHOCTh H CHABHOe TOCYAapcTHO»...*) «XOsAuHb», 
«<MYAHUKL», HAPOAb, <HAaPOAHbIA HUSH»... OTA BEAHIHHA aTadbHOo 
YCKOIbSaeTb OTb OapCkaro BHHMAHIA, KOra OaPHHd DOMOHD KaxKAbl 
<OCYILECTBATL TOCYAaPCTBeHHYH HeW», H Ha Hee PaTadbHo oOpyulu- 
Baetcsa GapcKili rAbBb, KOrda OapHAb NepexubaeTh TOpeyb pasorwapo- 
BaHia. HW ecan onreabraplopckas «edela» SBydHTL 00-OapckH BbI- 
COKXOMBPHO, TO H HSTOeBCKie «HH3HHHI», «yOilih>, «BOph», «rpavu- 
TeIH», HallpaBIeHHHe Bb MpocTpanctsBo, 6esb crpuro oupesbaewHaro 
anupeca, 3ByIaTb, 0 MeHbmeli mbpb, OapcTBeHAO CeplBTO. 

Yero coficTseHHO cepAsTca [Ba HapodOMOOuBLXxb Oapuna? CD ka- 
kro craru? Bors r. M. OsreaprapAb OMMeTb: <Bb ABHREHIN 
1904—1906 rr. BllepBHe BHICTYOHN' Ha COCHY Haposh, Macca, Oolb- 
IHACTBO HaceJeHia»; <OoabDINACTBO HaceseHiA» <OUHYIOCh», «HapoOs/b» 
PHHYAca Kb ONpexbreHHOH NbAH, HO «OTCTYNHAB OTB WepBaro Wpe- 
natcrsia»... H, wbficrauterbyo, Bb ABUKeHin 1904—1906 rr. BHepBbe 
BHICTYHIa Ha COeHY «Macca», CKOBaHHad HM OOMHOCTbIO MOAMTHGE- 
Ckaro HacrpoeHia u AbEOTOpOW Ome NOAMTHYeCKOW MiaTpopmoi. 
Ho ropoputb, 470 «Hapowb» OHAIb OXBayeHS OOULUMS DOIMTHYECKHME 
HacTpoeniems, YO «O6OILIIHACTBO HaceleHia» yO Bb peBolWMin, 
NPHHHMad OOMEKOHCTHTYHIOHHYW HIH Jame YYTb A He ComiaaHcTH- 
YeCKYH NporpaMMy, — SHadHTb yrBepAaTb TO, Yero HC O6bI10. ITO 
WOKasakOCh CepyuTOMy OapHBy. 9TO On -BOOOpasHab, OYATO yue 
HMbeTS TO, 4TO elle HE 3apadoTaHO, H UTO BeCbMa Hederku H BeCcbMa 
Hellpocro s3apa6oTaTh. Jia Hu caMa m0 ceOb. Macca, BBICTYUNBad 
Ha CieHy, riaBHbiMb oOpasoms, BB 1905 Yr. Oblla He TaKb yab 
OAHOPOAHa U AalekO He BO BUBXB CBOUXb YaCTAXb HeNPHMUpHMA 
10 OTHOMeHIO Kb «HCTOPHTECRHMb ycTOaMb». OcBbuLeHHad 84peBOM 
XaoTH4ecKkaro alpapHaro ABuReHIA, OHA Ola’ TposHa, WOCKOAbKY 
pbob Mia O MOPaIbHOMb JapleHin, 0 CKOAbEY CBHABTeACTBOBAIA 
Hepexb BAaCTbIO, 4TO AaIbAbimee YMOPCTBO PTposdTb kaTacTpodon, 
GTO MOpa YCTYMHTh HM BaBepHuTh BBROBOH CHOph ussanlemb H Cv0dN- 
neniemb «xapriuv». «Xapria» NosBHaach H SaTbMb, kakb BHpPaslca 
kH. E. H. Tpy6enko#, uponasa. Cuopb Havarb CHOBa, CHOBa OTKPO- 
BeHHO DepeneceHs Cb «NOUBh! UpaBa» Ha «nouBy dakta». H Asa 
pboeHia cnopa Ha oro nouBb y crpauht He Obio CHAD Bd 19V0 F., 


i eee ee 


*) Pycck. Mutcab, KH. 11, 1907 r., crp. 161. 


204 CIYTAMAHIA SAMBTEM. 


HBTS HXb H Telepb. Axb nymHo sapabotrarb. Hymno, sT06% o66 
CUOPAMIA CTOPOHH CTalH Mepelb CTpanow BO Bech pocTs, 6e8b MaCKH, 
6e3b pHMa; HYRHO PACKPHITh KapTH UPOTHBAHKA, NOkasaTb e©O BB 
eFO NOJIHHHOMS BHI. OTOTS peSyAbTATb BL SHAIHTeIbHOH MBPS 10- 
CTATHYTb. VW Heab8a CkagaTb, 4TO ABYXTbTHaA Oopb6a, He AaBliag 
10KAa MOLOMUTOALHLIXD PesyIbTATOBh, MpouLla coBepiienwo SescrbAHO. 
MHOoro kapTh YAalOCh PackpHITL, Cb MHOFHXS MBCTS [IpHMb YR CHATS, 
MeHbIMe cTaso HaMo3iff, raryOxe pasolernaKcb ycTou. Hi ecan HBROTOpHIMS 
CepAHTHM TociojamMb ThMB He MenSe KaeTCA, ITO CHOP MORHO 
pburatb 6e38b XO38aHHa, UYTCMb MOAMTHICCKALO CBAaTOBCTBAa, TO HIS 
NO IpHIHHS AbKOeTO CaMOOOMaHa H CaMOObosabmMeRIg. 

OTHUMD TOclOaMb KasalOCh H MpOsOAMaeTh kKasaTbcs, OYATO OHH, 
Kakb NOAUTHYecKie WhaTeau, BHCTyHaBMie Bb Jymb 4 Bb APyrHxb 
mBcTaxb, pbUawTh cops. YBH, Bb WbacTBHTeIBHOCTH, cysbOa onpe- 
WbiHIa UMb Oorbe CKPOMHYH POlb — BHHYRAATb MPOTHBHHKA Eb OT- 
KPOBCHHHMS 1038aM'b H OTKPOBCHAHMS JblaMb A TMS IHDIb Hakall- 
IHBaTb CHIH, HEOOXOAHMLIA Jia pbinenia cnopa. [pa roja, nosTopan, 
Npomlin He Aapomb. Onperbuewwoe BieyaTibuie OTEPOBCHHHMU 10- 
3aMH H OTKPOBEHBHMY WbIaMH CO3LaHO. J yxb BSBaH. BuTh MOReTS, 
ayame O20 OH ero He BHSHBaTb. Ho, pasb cysbOb yroxHo OHAO, 
UTOOH OHS NOABHACH, OOWCh, efO HE MPOTOHATh HHKAEHMH SakIHHAa- 
HifMH HHkakie cepyHTHe rocnogza. 

VMseciH ApyruMb cepAuTHM® TOCHO,aMb XoyeTcaA BMBTB sp banit 
ION TaM’b, Tb e1Ba CTala HANHBaTbCA 3aBS3b, TO e@MHHCTBEHHOe 
onpaBgzanie aromy — oOmeder0Bbaeckaan craOocTh: <xaTb, ryb He ch- 
Alb, H COOupaTb, Tb He pacTovars>. 

A. fletpauyess. 


CTapbit SHAKOMbIM. Htckoabno mbcanens TOMY Haga, BD rop. 
XapOuHb NOsBHACca TochoxHAd, oOpaTuBmi na ceOa NoOWrATeIbHOe 
BHHUMAHie OOHBaTeteH ow MBCTHAarO HaualbcTBa. OcTaHOBUBINHCh Bb «Kow- 
MepyeckoOH rocTRHuLb», OH OTAAIb BL UPOMHCKY BAIb, HA KOeMD 
3HAYHIOCh, 4TO Opi'bsxit ecTh YHHOBHHKS MHHKCTepCTBa BHYTPCHHAXS 
bib, no damustiv AnveHcKid. Ero composoxszarza cyopyra. O6a opons- 
BOJHIA BheYarrbuie 1ogzeh «H38b xOpomaro oOmecTBa», caMb AHHeH- 
ckill TOBOpHI Ha HBCKOADEAXD ASHKAXb, OO1aqaIb OPiATHHMH Ma- 
HepaMH, WM JepRatb ce6A cb JOCTOHHCTBOMS, HaBSpHOe He MCHLMAMS, 
ubmMb Llapeat Hsanosayb Ununkoss. Bekopb me ocab cBoero nos- 
BleHiad BL XapOuHB Ow CAAA’ AUMIOMaTuIecKifi BUSKHTb MBCTHHIMS 
HAaHAAPMCKHM BIACTAMS, KOTOPLIM’ 3adBUI'b, UTO OHS KOMAHIHDPOBAHS 
10 0CO6O BamHOMYy ABAY: Aid HadtOJeHia 8a OOeCBLIMU OpraHusaliama. 
Bcxop’ nocab aroro cyspyra AHHeHCKie OTNPaBHAKCh Ha WY, HO Ha 
OAHOH H38b O1umalmuxt cranui AXB sacTurio pacHopamenie o6t 
apecré... 














CAYYAHHEIA SAMBTKH. 205 


HerogoBanie «4HHOBHHKa MHHACTePCTBAa BHYTPCHHUXD AbIb» pH 
STOMB Taccamb 65110 BeLHKO H, NOBHIHMOMY, AOBOAbHO HaTypatbHO. 
T'aseTat oTMBaalwTb, ITO OH «CYMbAb BHYWHTH KOMY cABsyeTh upex- 
CTaBIeHie FYTb-IH He O HENPHKOCHOBeEAHOCTH CBOeH AHGHOCTH H CAbIATS 
SadBleHid, OLHO Apyroro HeBbpoatabe». Ow ckasarb, MCRIY UPOIME, 
¥TO COCTOHTh JHYHHIMB cekpetapems II. A. Croanmana, 4 TOTYACh-mRe 
COCTABUID H N0CIaIb MAPpOBABHYW JelemMy Ha HMA MpeMbePb-MH- 
HucTpa. Momo JerkoO UpelcTaBHTb koJeOaHia A COMB BHI, KaKAMH 
OHH O6ypepaeMHt xXap6uHckia BuaacTu., Bb omnfania OTBbTa H3b 
Iletepéypra cyupyra AxHeHcKie OHAH OCTaBIeHH NOAb OMAMHAMS 
apecTOMb Bb rocrHHuob. Yepesb HBKOTOpOe BPeMA, OMHAKO, CaMo- 
SBAaHCTBO <¢4HHOBHHEA» paso0JaqHAOCh, H OH MepeBexeHb Bb 
TIOPbMY. 

Hu4yero ocoGenHaro Bb CaMOMB axTh apecTa camosBaHla, pasy- 
ubercs, pbrs. Eme Bb 1896 roxy Bb «Pycckoms BecratcTsb» MH OH- 
TAaIHCh OTMBTHTh H UpO@HadHsupOBaTb eTO CHenHuyeckoe aABaAeHie 
pycckoll xH3HH, H Depexb YTATeleMB UpomMAa Tora whsaga rasseper 
THOHUeECRHXE urypb sToro pora. Bce oto Oba pycckie xAM_H, 10 
Pa3zHLIMb NPHIHHAMD H LOOyRJeHxiamMb OTPbmMawMieca oTb coOcTBeH- 
HHIXb «iHuH0cTeH» H. <BHIJOBb» H Mocsrawmie Ha BHI H AHYHOCTH 
uymie, mopof copepmenHo dantacTuyeckie. Pameucrie, [oxposcsie, 
Hicakosn, XuneleBhl, HAKeHeEPH, BPAaid, PeBASOPH UyTeft coobmenis, 
peBH30pLI MOHAaCcTHIpe, peBusophl yIpemaAeHifi Kpacnaro Kpecra, pepu- 
30pI 6O1bHHD'S H OCOOeHHO BO.OCTHHXS paBseHii,—onv BB yApyqap- 
IeMb H800HIIK MOABAMIOTCH H& DOBePXHOCTH pycckKOH MusHH, Ha- 
BOJATE H& BpeMA CTPaxb H TpeNeTh CBOHM HCTHHHO HAWaABCTBCH- 
HEIMB BeIHYeMh H—B3HMAIOTb CCAH He Y8aKOHeHAHe, TO «OOH THe» 
cO6opH. A sarbm, nocab Gorbe win MeHbe mpososAmaTerbHOk KapbepH, 
MOUAIATh Bh KYTY8KY H HA CKAMbW NOACYIHMEIXD... 

TakumMs o6pazoy'b H XapOuacuili CaMO3sBaHeLS YBCIHIHIB Obl TOABKO 
OHO elHHHOCH sTOTS AIHHBH paxab OOHIHHXD pocciickuxh X1ze- 
CTAKOBHXS, OKCHIYATHPYOUUXb poccilicxoe porosbicTBO H TpeleTS 
Hepelb KaKIHM'b LOlOdieMb «CHIbHOH BaAacTH». Bb aHHOMS c1y4ad, 
OJHAKO, OKASaIOCh OHO NPHBXOMAMee OGCTOATEILCTBO: BO BpeMA OOHICKA 
Bb Oaraxb TavHcTBeHHaro He3Hakomya HalizeHH MpoweHTHNA OyMarH 
Ha cyMuy BB 4'/, mudziona @pankoss. HM no copaBkaMb BB KOMMe- 
TEHTHHXS yipemieniaxt OyMarv Okasaluch HacTOAULUMH. 

Vrarb, xapOunckit HesHaKOMeLS, ,YHHOBHHRD MHAMCTEPCTBA BHYT- 
PCHHEX®S ABI, KOMAHAMPOBAHHHH Zia Had.1logeHiaA 8a OOCBLIMH ,,qpy- 
MUHAMH“ H ANYHHIH CekpeTaph UPeMbepb-MUAHCTpa~ OKA8alCa HE MpoctTo 
CaMO3BaHOeMb, & CaMO3BAaHTeMb MHAIIOHEPOM. 

Anazenie, noxanyH, 70 cuxb nop HebniBatoe. MH CAHxXadH 0 Ca- 
MOSBAHCTBS cd Y2%160 IIPHCBOeHIA CyMM® Ooxbe 21a MeH'be CRPOMAHIX'S. 
Bt jaHHOMb clyiab— spakie ,4HHOBHHK&a MHHHCTepcTBa BHYTDP. ABI'B“ 
IpHcBanBaelb ceOb cyacTanBHfi oOzagaTeab 4'/, MHIJi0HOBb Bb HHO- 


26 CayUaHAEIA 3aMBTER. 


CTpabHHXxt Oywaraxt. Hemyzpeno nosToMy, GTO O HeOHIBaIOMS Npo- 
HCIUeCTBIH MeTepOyprckoe Texzerpa@Hoe afeATCTBO ONOBBCTHIO BCH Poc- 
cil), YTO HSBBCTIC I] POHHEIO SarpanuOy, WH Bech YNTaMMi Mipb sanaTe- 
pecoBalcd TaHHCTBEHAHMb CaMU3BbaHleMb HW ero MHAAionHamMH. Llogo- 
BSPbBAIH KPYNHYWM SKCMpolpiallii, Kpaxy usb OaHka, NOAATS. 

Ho moka wukakoi CaasH AHBeHCKarO Cb KakUMH Ob TO HH OnIaO 
KPY/IHHIMA SKCMponpialiamy He YCTuHOBIeHO. 

Uepe3sn wbkoTOpoe BpeMA TaseTh COOOMHIH, U4TO NepBOHAaYaAbHO 
oObabIcHRad damMHdia AnHeHCKifi—HeBbpHa, 470 Bb AbHCTBHTeAIbHO- 
CTH He3HakOMIa 30BYTb AHHCHKOBHIMb. A elle yepesb HbKUTOpOCe 
Bpema OOHapyxkutach HOBAaA damuaia. Mato yme, KametTca, camaa 
HACcTOsMad. SUBYTh XAPOHHCKArO CaMOSBAHOa... Pameuceuml.. 

Vitakt, 910 Ball cTaphi 3HakoMen’b, Jo HbRvTopoli creneuH 
W3BECTHHA ye WTaTetamMb «Pycckaro BorarcrBa», H Mil Cb 10- 
HATHHIMb HHTepecoMs BCTpbuaemb uspbetie Oo Oxectame Kapbeps, 
koTOpyl0 T-Hy PaMeHCKOMY yaloch cxblaTh Cb TXB OPb, Kakb 
MHI NoTepsIH ero H38b BILLY. 

TlosBuaumb ceOb BoO3s0OHOBHTbh Bb UaMsTH aATaTeteH yepTH sToi 
saMbaaTcabHolt Oiorpadiv, AoBoAbHO NOApOCHO usAOMEHHOH BL CTaTHB 
«CaMOsBaHObl TpaayaHcKkaro BBAOMCTBa» *), 

Bp 18¥6 rogjy oHb ye CYAWACH 3a CAaMO3BAHCTBO, KOTOpOe OnIAO 
He JlepBhiMb. JTO OudIb MOUOROH YeAOBbKD ABTS 30-TH, HasmHHH, 
KpacuBHii, Cb MpekpacHhiMH MaHepamu. [lo c10BaMb OAHOTO H3b KOP- 
PeCHOHACHTOBb. OH OTAHYHO FOBOPHAD Ha HBCKOADEMXS CBPONeHCRHXDd 
ABKIKAXb WH Jake Ha HBKOTOPHXD asiaTCKHxb. Bb OAHOMB Cyle6HOMd 
OTUeTh OHS HasblBaeTCA CTYJeEATOMD, HO BOOOMIe NepBOHadaIbHag ero 
Giorpadia He BHOABS BblacHeHa. Honent 1893 wo Hayano 1894 roxa 
SaCTAeTL ITOFO H3AWHATO MOALAOFO YAOBBKA Bb CaMOMS ObACTBEHHOMDS 
nosoxeHin Ha Loporb u3b Cumeponoaa xb MeautTonoaw. Ont 6peqzers 
UDMKOM, YBA3AR TO BB rpssH, TO Bb cHbry. Hacroamee ero ne- 
Ya1bHO, HO—Y Hero e€CTb OJeCTAUIce Wpoltve: cyanaca Bb Lloatans, 
H3BBCTCHDS WYOIHKS, YHTawUlel raserN, TMB, 4YTO UPOH3BeIb CTpo- 
Kalimywo pesusin -lo3sozo-Cesacronuapcnol, Exatepuaunckoh, PacTos- 
ckoi uw Poctoso-BaagukapKasckoa xel. JOPOrb 19> WMeHENS BuLe- 
ABpeKkTOpa MeAHIHHCKarO wenaptamenTa r. Ulepuya; 3sarbmb peBHso- 
Balb Ch HEMCHbUIMM'B YCUBXOMb KapakTHHn YepHaro Mops, 38aTbMb 
THWATCABHO OCMOTPBAb CaXapHble 3aBUTbl YYTb-AH He STH ryOepsiil 
JOMHAaO Kpan, HABOANAD Tpellerb Ha OpaTilo MOHacTHpeH UepsuroBcKoli 
nh XapbKoBceKkok enapxifi DuJb HMeHeMS TOBAPHOa MpoKypopa cBar. 
CHHOAa, & TakxKe OOo3spbBalb kKoackie saBogH Beccapadckoh rydepuia 
elle 0’ 4buMb-TO HMeHeMS. Bb KOHUB 1593 roja oTéhab TOPeMHve 
SakJO4eHie, BHIMYDLeHb HM NOCIB CTOAb OODIHPHOA H, Kak CaMb OHD 
yTBep#AaIb Ha CyAB,—ageme we Oeseiesaui whaTteabHocTa—Ouecta- 


ee am ee ee 


*) ,P. Bor.*, 1896, aprycTb (Bb OTAbIS BHYTP. XPOHHEH). 











cayyaal ALIA SAMBTEH. 207 


inift Mozogo% yeOBBR MPHTOTOBHACH Kb HOBLIMS TPylawb Aa TOMB 
we Tompnnyb. 

Bs Mexnronoxb, 6e3b Wenerb WH RAHAKOMCTBS, OND MpeRse Bcero 
OTHpaniseTcA Bb JBB THNorpapiu, rxb, Nox’ Mpextoromn Gyazymaro 
sakasa, Noayyaerh OO6paansl pasAWxb OPPnNMiaAIbAXb Or'AaNKOBB, Bb 
TOMB 4ACIB awe Granka oOnlecTBa B3anMHarTO KpequTa. Cb 9THMIL. 
61aHkaMH Bb KRapManB OW yRe YYRCTBYETS' CeOM BOOPYRCHELIMD U 
cmbi0 MpunuMaerca sa paboty. Ont—yme He Pamencnifi, ToabKo 
yTO OTOHBII §=TIOpeMHOe sakaogenic. Onb—JIX Hayara--qensb 
ry6epuckaro mpaBsenia, rp. Toactod. 

Mil He cTanHemMb H3aaraTs 31BCh BO BCBXS NMOAPOOHOCTAXD Waab- 
BSHmiad MpHKrOVeHIA TOTO 3aMbuaTe.bHaro MHCTUPURATOpA, — OTCH AAA 
quTaTedefl KB QUTHpOBABAOH HaMH cTaTLb. 3ybeb CKaKeMb TOABKO, FTO, 
HavaBb CPaBHNTCAbHO CKPOMHO, Cb YNeHa Ty6epacKkaroO npaRsAcia, 
ORD GbICTPO NOBHINAIh cCO1 BB THTYAAXD MW JOUKAOCTAXD, Nepebsmua 
H3B OUHOH MbcTHOcTH Bb Apyryh. [lepwrMb AMIMKaMb OD UAT 
(anTacTHYeCKHMH OPAepaMH Ha OlankaxXb BsAaHMHAFO KpeAUuTa, HO 
Wasbiye UMBAb YRE BOSMORAO Sb OpocaTh Ha YAH, TAakbKAKb KawAve 
BCTpbyHoe BOAOCTHOe NpakAesie yBeANYNBaAIO ero peccypcH. Tanks 
OHb AObxXarb 20 upeabsond Exatepnavucaupcnol ry6epuin, mu meorona, 
BHICIQHHAaA 38 HHMb H38bB Meantonoia, wamia JHUb HeBaaeKkb ors 
merb3sHok OpOrn CBA3KY HCHCHOABSOBAHHEIXL OJaHKOBb, a Takiate 
cTporoe mpeauncadie o6b apecTh Talledakckaro y4treld, OkazaBina- 
TOCA WTYHAUCTOMS, wero, pasymberca, cTpori peBusoph 6esb Hakasn- 
Hid OCT@BHTb He MOPS. 

Bb npeabiaxt Actpaxaucnoh rycepsin Mor0IOH YetuBbeD Nepe- 
KHUIb HOBYIO 9MAaHAMitO JHYHOCTH: TYTb OAD ABIACA ye Bb BUS rpa- 
da TenapHropa, <akcTpeH#0 ROMAHZUPORAnHOH OcoOM JAA 8akyUKif 
RAPrascenXb AoMadel». OL OICHb CTpuro VOpamaetca Mopo# cb Mber- 
HHMH BiacTAMH, HO Dopoii ObiBaeTh H MHIOCTHB’, UPNHHMaerb Ipo- 
menid H BlaleTh Ha HUXS pesorndin. OAHOMY CTaHOBUMY OH pas- 
pbmnsb wecrumbeswnnf omnycnt, aApyromy o6bmarb mnoppimenie. 
CayxH UpediecTRopatY Npobszy BakHOM ocudnl, U BL Celaxb ero BCTpB- 
Waa KOe-rab WARK Ch KOIJOKO.IDHWMSL BBOHOMB. 

16 MapTa camo3naHelb On1b BB Uepsoms SsIpy, uo depmonpcniil 
HCUpaBaHKS H3aBbeTub O Npobsab ocvdl cuuTuewckaro, KoTopulli 
fIpHroTOBUICa &B AOcTOinoH Berpbab. Ja yauuomb y enoraewckuro 
MCMpaBAHKA Mp oHCXOAHTb WouTH OykBadbHoe Mupiopenie asBbcrsvli 
CUeHH H38b Torodesckaro «Pesuzopa»: Pesapisopb abckurbko 3aro- 
BapNBaetcsH, &@ UCHNABHHKE Tpenemerb: «ecw TYTh XOTb ModOBUHA 
npapin, wu To... Tocuogu nomuayfil» Iocrb sroro enoracscrifi HcupaB- 
HHEDb JH4HO CONpOBOKAAeTS «rpapa» Jo AcTpaxann. 

Ba AcTpaxaHa BO3HHEQIOTS HBKOTOpHIa COMHBAIA, HO OOaaHie 
«B3BaHiA» TAKB BelHKO, YTO Tosunifimeiicrepp He pbmacTca Camb 
HACTAHBaTb Ha Wpespabsewi BHA HW KOMAHAMpyeTb Jia sTOrO NpH- 
craBa. I[pactasy «rpapb Tes,pukoBh» MpeabaBIAeTL Tacwoprs oT- 


208 CAYYAHUNIA BAMBTEH. 


CTaBHOTO WMTa6b-potmuctpa, rpada Axexcba Axzexcbesnya Toacroro, 
HO Jame H Nocaé sToro MBCTHHA BAACTH He pbUAWTCA salepmath 
TAHHCTBeEHHYW oco6y. [loka OHH WITH TexerpaMMH H 3aNpoch,— 
Kakb NOHHMATS Saragoqnaro «<rpada» HH Kakb Cb HUWb HasleKuTh 
NocrymaTb,—TeHspHkoBb-ToactoH ybsmaeTb Ha peBusi 10 ry6epHiu. 
Bb sTO BpeMa O HeMb YTUBOPHJa yRe BCA MOBOAMCKAA Mpecca, H 
BAaCTH TOHAIHCh 8&8 HHMD 0 NATaMb, Kkakb Muxespcosnt 3a L[lyra- 
GeBHIMb: rpadb TesI{pHKOBb HadeTHTS HA BOAOCTHOe HIJH KAAMBITKOC 
yopasiesie, oOpepusyeTbh HM CKaueTH albMe, & BCIBIb 3a HHMD 
TOSBAAeTCA SallosqaBMee HAaIaIbCTBO. «EcTs OCHOBaHie Mpesuosarats, 
—DHCalb OFAHb i\PpHBOIRCKIH eIbeTOHHCTS, Napokupysx AoweceBia O 
Ilyrazesb,—4To camosBaHellb, UpecablyemMbi 10 OATaMb, YCTpeMHICa 
Bb cTenHw KB Y3eHaMb». Hakonelrh, ABYMb IPHCTaBaMb YAatOCcb Ha- 
THaTh eFo rxB-TO, OTH MOMETL, HeEBIaIeKS OT TXB MBCTB, Ib 
HbEorAa OHAb 8axBaiend efO 3sHaMeHHTHH IpexMecTBeHHARS, KMeab- 
aH VWpanosuys,—x rpadb TesapxHkoBb UpeppatTuica BB Dpocroro 
apecTaHtTa. ; 

Cyquin ero onatTs BB Cummeponorb. Onb COsHaIcH BO BCeM', 
O4HAKO Nomesalb BCe-TAakH, 4TOOLI cyfeOHoe caBycTBie maA0 O6n- 
HEIMb WOpsRkomb. LosHAHMOMY, OHD OAD He MpOdb PasBePHYTL BO 
Bce NOAHOTB Hepel® cyqOMb H DYOAuKOH KapTHHY CBOero TOPRecTBa, 
Cb OfHOH CTOPOHH H @OLIBaTeIbcKaro TpeneTa, cb xApyro#. Ha cyab 
MHOTO CM'BaJHCh H MHOFO AHBHIHCh HOYTH HeBBPOATHNMS WOxXoORIe- 
HiaMB cMBlaro «<rpada» A cOBepmeHHO HeBbpoaTHOMy porosblictBy 
oOnBaTereH H Baactef. Camb Pamencsifi ypbpaab, TO Ha Hero M0- 
po Haxo,sTb nepiogH Manin BeaH¥ia. Torga oHb BOOOpamaeTs ceba 
ro@Meficrepoms, ‘ry6epHatopoms, wbmb yroqno... HW oxpyxawmaa 
cpexa DOlAepHHBAETS CFO Bb STOMB HacTpoeHin... Emy, ROHeWHO, He 
NOBBPHIH, CYAHIH, OCYAHIN Hw COCdadH Bb Kyaryps. 

OABCh HBEOTOPOG BpeMA OHS KHIB BL OesBbcTHOcTH, HO 3aTbub 
BB OXHHD WpekpacHHH enb, nocrb AByXHeAbIbHATO Balog, ,peBu- 
3OPb“ O0ATE IpPOCHYACH BL CCHAbHOMD. UyTh He HaTiasaxb y mbcTHO 
NOIHMiH OBb BHbXalb u3b Kywrypa u ,,.0 oyepequ. vOpeBas0BarD 
PpasHHia yipeajenia, HayaHad Cb BOJOCTHLXS Npapiesifi H KOnGas 
4yTb-1H He pbanok nornnieH u abconMD BbgoMcTBOMD“. [LononyHBS 
cb Ilepmcko ry6epHie, onb HanpaBuica BB CapatyancKiit ybsrp 
cocbaneft Batcrot ryOepHin 4, mpobxaBb ero HackBOSh, OHI HakO- 
HEN apecToBakd Bb cerb Korzecnukowb. 3ybcb, Nepeyb CaMHMD 3a- 
Jepabiemh, 810U0AVIHH peBusOph NPUAAI SHAYHTCARBYH AO3y MOp- 
(bid M RpuctazawgeckoH kapOoxoBoh kucaoTH. Ha atoms O1ecTallad 
kapbepa TeHiadbHaro peBHs0pa MOPrdJa Ob 3aKOBYUTbCA, eCIHOH, Eb 
CYacTIW, SHEPrHyeckiaA YCHJid RKapakyIHHCKkaro BeMCKATO Bpada He 
BePHYIH eFO Kb KUSH. Llocrbania ra3zeTHwa H3BbcTid TlacHIH, 4TO 
Pamenckifi BOABOpeHh BB Mcuxiatpuyeckyio XbueOuuLy. 

CraTba, Bb KOTOpOH, Hapaxy CL ApyruMH MWpeACTaBATeCIAaMH STOO 
THIa, A OpHBosuAD Oiorpadiw wu noxomsesia Pamenckaro-leHypakosa, 





CIYGAHHHIA SAMATER. 209 


‘OMA HalewaTaka Bb aBrycTh 1896 roa. Uepess HBEOTOpOE BpeMa 
@ NOAYIHIE MHChMO, ‘1OA0HCaHHOe r-Mb PaMeHCRAWS, Bb KOTOPOME 
nocxbanifi uHcaxyb MHS, ITO CTATbW NPOWTANb HK HAXOJHTb, ITO 
He COBCSML UPaBHALHO MOHSAAS H HCTOAKOBASS ero AHYHOCTS. px 
HHChMS O10 IpHAOKEHO OHO HAH ABA CTHXOTBOpeHia. CKOABKO MOTY 
HPWNOMBHTh, OHH OHA HAUHCAHH JOBOABHO TAaXKO, comepxKanie uxD 
‘OHAO MCXBHXOIHIECKOe, HO OCOSCHHHIMA MOSTHYCCRHMH AOCTOHHCTBAMH 
‘OHH He OTSHWaNHCh. I[HChMO H CTHXH UPADIAH Bb MOG OTCYTCTBIG H 
poierb 4 HX XOBOAbHO OsAHO. Al ToTaact-xe OTBBTHIG aBTOpy. 
4@TO CTHXH MAH WedaTA He MoOAXo,aTS. Uto-me kacaeTca AO eF0 BOS- 
paxenifi 0 moBOAy MoeH cTaTBH, TO A Ch OOXbIIHMB HHTEPeCOMD 
ORHAaW C©O COOCTBCHHHXS PasbAcHeHiff, TAKB KAKb, KOHCIHU, A NOAb- 
SOBRICH TOIBKO TaseTHHMb MaTepiazOM'’, BE KOTOPOMS MOTAH ONITD 
ommdrx. Orebra «4 He Nozydaat. Burrb momeTh, fr. Pawenceift Onur 
OropieHb HeyxayeH CO CTHXAMH, HXH MHCbMO HE DOMAAO Bb Fo PykE, 
-HIH, HakOHEIS, ITO Hanboxbe BhpOATHO, 8aM03,aBllee NHCbMO He 3a- 
‘CTazo ero yxe Ha wbcTb. Heogoxumoe Bxevenie Kb HOBLIMD peBH- 
-Siamb, Kb GObueno ckaqeb 00 poxHOMy UpocTopy, BB aTMocdeph 
COOCTBeHHOH BAacTa Ha (oHB o6maro TpeleTa, MPHHHAeHHOCTH H 
padoxbuois,—Morz0 Kb TOMY BPCMOHH YBACUL CFO Kb HOBHMD NPHEAD- 
qeouiaM'b. 

Ilocab storo & cOBepmeHHY NOTepsAA CFO H3b BUAY, WOKA 3a rpa- 
Hue He UpPOIHTAaIb Bb raseTaxth 0 sasepxanin Bb Xap6aub yH- 
HOBHHKA MHAIOHEpa, a NO BOsBpaMeHia Bb Poccio He YsHarFb, ITO 
WacTOaMad (baMasia 8asepmannaro—Pamencrif. 

Wrakb—wmoz0n0H wex0BbEb, OTUpaBiaBoiica BB 1894 roxy Hap 
‘Cumeponoss Bb Mexatonosb, rhmikoms, 6e8b JeHerb H BB MXxO0xXott 
OXeROHKS, H SaTbMS BOABOPCHAHH BL KyarypB, cb TSX DOpd crbsart, 
MOHHO CkasaTb, OxeCTAMy kapbepy, Nomxaszyl, camyw OxecTaMyD, 
KaKad TOXbKO MOPZa BHIIACTh Ha JOXW COBpPeMeHHArO CaMOSBaHTa, 
Bpemena Jixe-lauatpiess u IlyravosHtxt npomazn GesposBpaTHo. IIpe- 
CTOAH H KOPOHH ye HO SAXBATHBAWTCA Cb TAaKOW BOIMeOHOW er- 
xoctsp. Ho a 4'/, muaxiona, xoTa On PpaHKOBh,—9TO BSA OrpoMHad 
CHia BL Halle mposawyeckoe H KalluTaducTHyeckoe Bpema. HM HyxHO 
MHOTO XOBKOCTH, YBBPCHHOCTH, TaxaHTa, ITOOH Ha NOUS wsMexbyaB- 
Maro COBPeMeHHATO CAaMO3BAHCTBA CTATh MBATIOHEPOMS. 

Cyxb, BhpoATHO, PACKPOeTS ONATS MHOTO HHTepecHaro H OOBACHHTE, 
rgb, KOrka H KakHMS cnoco6omS GOxaronpio6pbTeHH OTH MponeHTHbA 
-Oyuarn. Onb, BBPOATHO, BHLAACHHTS TAakKe A CTpanHYH UCHXOXOTH4e- 
‘CKYW Saray: 3aYbUb OLIO STOMY WAOBBKY, yRe CTABIMEMY CIaCcTIU- 
BHM OOxa,aTeAeMh MHAiOHOBS, IPHHAMATh Ha ceOa HeIpAHAsAeRa- 
mee eMy sBaHie «4HHOBHHEa MHHUCTepCTBa BHYTPCHHUXS Abid», Kb- 
AaTb BHSHTH RAabsapMaMh H Ch BARHOCTIW YBSPATh, ITO OHS NOCAAAD 
cabyuTh 3a OoeBLIMH APYRHHAMH. Nags OyzTO 3Banie CHIMHKa DpH- 
OaBiseTbh 4TO-HHOYIb Kb SBAHi MHATOHEpA... 

A T10K2 HAaCB HATepecyeTh TOAKO elle OMHA CTOPOHA STOO ABAC- 

Ausapp. Orabar II. | 14 


. 
210 CAYGAHHSIA SAMBTEH. 


His. Bb craThb, KOTOPYH A DATAPOBAAD RHMe H KOTOpyW Yr. Pamen- 
ceili Halex He BUOAH'S 0paBuaAbHod, 00 Kpafne mbps, 10 oTHOmeHilO 
Kb CBOeH AIHIHOCTH,—IPOBOABAACh MHICAb, YTO OoN‘SHb CAMOSBAHCTBA, 
AO CHXb NOPb CHMITOMATHICCKH XapakTepasywmas Halle pyccKoe- 
OesipaBie, ECTh ABIEHI€ ABYCTOPOHHee, OSYCAOBAHBAWMeeCa HBROTO- 
po BsavMHOCThIO MORAY CAaMOSBAaHOeMS H cpesoH, BB KOTOpol emy 
UpuxoxaTca WbHCTBOBaTS. XAecTAKOBY, HaBbpHOe, HE UPMMIAO ON wb. 
TOAOBY BHJaBaTb ce6A 8a peBusopa, eCaHOH CFO BE TOM HO YRBPEFD 
nepBHit Asant ABTOHOBAYD CEBOSHAKD-JMyxoHoBckill. STO apzenie Bi 
pacraeTh Ha NOS CHAbHOM BUacTH, Cb OfHOH, H padoxbucTBa, UpH- 
HHKCHIA AHYHOCTH, 3a0HTOCTH, Cb ApyroH cTOpoHH. CamosBaHCTBO He- 
BOSMORMHO TaM’b, PIB CCTh TOYO ONpexbsAeHHOe paso OOHBaTela A 
TOQHO OTTPaHH4eHHHA OOS8AaHHOCTH HayaabcTBa. CaMOsBaHIH Taks 
XeTEO DOMPAaKaAWTh «S8akOHHHMD BAACTAMB> HBMCHHO HOTOMY, ITO H. 
8TH WOCABAHIA CIHWIKOMD FACTO WbHCTBYHTS OA06HO caMOsRAaNnaMs,. 
TO H bIO BHXOIA 88 Npexbin cBoef BaacTtH. Hanomaganie 0 cBO- 
OMb MAaICHBEOME WpaBb—Bb MpHcytTcTBin AN6oH «epcoHH» y Hach 
CYUHTACTCA ABHHMD UPH8HakKOMS KpaMOIH. A pasb MpaBo cpesHare. 
YeXOBBRa s8arHaHO H MOJZUHTb,—04Ba AAA CaMOSBAHCTB& TOTOBS. 
Bs 1896 roxy y Hach eme He OnX0 H pba 0 KOHCTATYNIH A O- 
WpeAcTaBHTesbcTBs Hapoga, A Torga I. Pamenckifi TOABKO NOXHUarD. 
CKPOMHHIA BOJOCTHHA CYMMH. Tenepb y Hach we] yma, H MpeACTaBE- 
TeABCTBO... A Hapaay Cb HHMU — reHepaan JiymOagse, Kaysn6apem, 
BCeMOFyMecTBO cOw3a pycckaro Hapona... [ab-xe pH Taxol «KkoH- 
CTATYHiB> MBCTO AIA TpAaKLAHCKATO UpaBa cpexHATO pycckaro 4ex0- 
BbKa? Ecaa 470 ABHCTBHTOAbHO YCHIHSOCh 8a NoceBAHIC TON, — TO 
STO, KOHETHO, He NpaBo, He SaKOHHOCTL, & TOXBEO «<CH4A& BAACTE, 
HaseTaiOMad YParaHOM’b, HO CUHTAWMadcA HH Cb SaKOHOM'’b, HH Cb 
GbaMH Ob TO HH O10 OpaBaMy... 

VW ssBorTs rt. Pamencrifi aBIgeTCA YRC Bb KAYCCTBB MHAROHEPA... 

VWntepecho: He 8TH-1M HMGHHO OcoOeHHOCTH HOBbimes poccificnod 
KOHCTATYNiH CYMBAB yeCTh TalaHTAHBSimif usb MpesxCTAaBHTesek 
COBpeMeHHOH CaMOSBaHIHAH? BBA HeEAapOM'’S Bb ACBAHOCTHXS TOAAXS 
OHE TOIbEO PeBH8OBAaIb BOAOCTHHA UpaBseHis, a Tellepb YRC CABARTD 
38 «OOCBHMH ApyXuHaMu» A TpebyerTsh coxbictBid RanapMCKAX?> 
BaacteH. Jia, NOBHJHMOMY, eCTb 601bMasd BBPOATHOCTb, ITO HMCHEO 
STOTS YICTH TAKS NOBHCHIE MOHIH LT. Pamencxaro, DoguaBigiecs cp 
RBIEAXb COTCHS BOAOCTANIXD pyOse AO MHIXIOHOBL Bh HHOCTpak- 
HHXb MpOWeHTHHX, OyMarax'b. 

Tenepb raseTH 0 PameHCKOMS, 00% ero MHAXiIOHAXS H XOxS ere 
whaa 4TO-TO 3aMOtkIn. A MexTY TBM, ecaH Upexctoamikt mponeces 
CMORCTb OTBBTATh Ha NOCTABICHHEI BHMe BONPOCh H OCBBTETh 9TY 
CTOPOHY Hallero <KOHCTATYHIOHHArO» OnITa,—TO, KOHeCIHO, SOTO OynerS 
OMHHb H3b HHTepecHbamAxd UPOMeCcOBh, OHTh MORCTh, WeCMHOFEWh 
yerynanmmi snoneb noprb-aptypCKAXd repoest... 

Bn. Hoponenne. 








UTYET b. 211 


OTYET Db 


KouToph: penakuin wypHana ,Pycckoe Borarcrso*. 


NnOoOcTYNHJO: 


Be NOAbSy FONOAAIWWHXD KPOCTLAHD Be pasHnxy ry6.: 
Ofb BOHSBSCTHarO, H3b Mutasbi—s p.; orb A. Munzosuyn, usb Bba0- 
-cToka—2 p. ors K. Jlanre, usb Kiesa—20 p.; ors A. M., usp 
B.—5 p.; ore Muu KywHapeaxo—5 p.; yepesb Ocunosa, wuctan 
NpHOWaAb OTD cnekTakan Ha BHAAMUKOMD 3aB., ObiBU. 29 seK. 
1 r.—22 p. 20 x.; orb fl. Kpusowenna, asp Exatepua6ypra-- 


6 p.; ors M. O.—1 p. 
Wroro......... 66 p. 20 «x. 


Bw nonesy nocrpagaswuxs ~aenyrarceas nepsoh Hn sro- 
pot Focyn. Byun: orp nenssbctaaro—S p.; ors N—5S p.; ors 
A. Bopucosoh, co cr. Aatsimoska—3 p.; orb Hocayenko a k Hay- 
moBa— 2 p.; OTb rpynnw cay. KOHTP. COop. 1-ro o-Ba noabBS3aK. 
«x. A. MyreA Bb Poccin—7 p.; u3b Barxu—11 p. 30 k.; orb cay- 
wall. TapHduaro ormbaa ctpaxos. 0-Ba—29 p. 88 k. 


Wtoro. ..... ee 63 p. 18 x. 





oo ee ee 


Ha xanoe-nn6yae npocesr. ys ema. sd namats H. H. 
Muxaiinoscnaro: yvepesb KoHTopy Pycckuxb Btbazomoctes. — 
6 p. 52 k. 


Bn nonpay 6. wanccenbG6ypruese: ors M. A. E.—6 p. 


Bw nonesy Gespa6otmpixe: OTb CiyKalll. TapHpuaro orabaa 
crpaxos. 0-Ba—29 p. 87 x. 


Bw nonesy CChINDHBIXD H SAKNIOYOHHSIXD: OTD HEH3BSCTHaro— 
25 p.; or» K.—15 p. 95 x. yepess JI. &. K.—20p.; ors N—5S p.; 
orp H. >.—20 p.; orb pa6ounxd cuTue-HaOHB. M-pbl, 13d Li anccenb- 
6ypra—30 p.; ord Heu3BbCTHarO—2 p.; orb Tlapenbesa, H3b Ko3- 
MOACMBAHCKA—2 p.; oTb O. Banbxosuyd—2 p.; oTb HeH3BECTHALO, 
ust Matassi—d p,; ors A. Maaosuyd, u3b Bbsocroka—3 p.; orb 
C. Umytosa, 13> Bu6opra, 6 p.; orb M. C.—20 p.; orn O. ®. 
O.—3 p.; orb H. M. [. 8-08 s3nHocb—10 p.; orb A. C.—5 p.; orb 
Il. Camconosa, 43> Cmoaencxa—3 p.; orb [I]. E. J].—100 p.; ors 
creparo, noanucuaxa—5 p.; or» M. A. E.—14 p.; ors &. Anefinn- 
Kosa—3 p. 


ONMNEYVAT KE HX. 


Bp gek. KHHXKS BD ctaTbB H. E. Kyapuma ,Ypoxn ucropin“ sxpanacb one- 
4atKka: Ha cTp. 63, crpoka 9 cHH3y HaneyaTaHOo ,1815—1830*, a gommHO 6niTD 
»1789—1815*. 

Bb AHB. KHHKKS BD craTbB Jioneo (HI ora., crp. 11), nocabauaa crpoka 
CHH3y HauleyaTaHO ,TOpHTOHOMD*. a AOAMKHO OBIT , TOPHTOHOMD~. 


14* 


OB‘SbABIUEHI A. 


OTKPHITA ONTHCKA HA 
Koes $2 a coe 
HAB A HOQNRCNANE RAPUTE: 900; 


TtoxHo0e coGpanie coumnenim 


28 8 a | ib6a HB, YGREHCKAT 0 


Cw eGammpuoh xputuxo-Giorpaguyeckoh crareef H. 
KilosHoe coGpanie cowmmenii s. Bb 


105 TepraptaAYNTMAHA 


Be c@pasnosuxd nepenonaxd N3BACTNLIXD ONCaTeNeh, Cb EpNTNKE-Horp. 
D mm Panes nnxD os m6 ome so BD 


ns TD Anerkcta TOnCTOFO, 


unehHoe Rononnente 


K> ,CO6p. cor. 
q & Kh rb EMEMBCAMHBIX'S AMTEPATYPHDIXD u TONYAAPHO- 
HAYUHbIX NPHAOKEHIA, == BCErS ==: 


HHMIM, 7.-6. Hesaeucumo OTs Opy?. npunomenit, | 


WGP 110 OLOH RAWTS IPE RAKAOMS ¥ ae 


ROANRNCHAAR WLUBHA HUBLI co sche: mpuncmeniaun ua rogn: 
Rb O.-BETEPEYPr th: | Cb HEPECRIANOI BO 
ch pectasxow—7 p. 50 a. | 24 rpannny—t2 po Tie = 
wae” Tr. nopaie nonnncinxn “ ine 10nd as 1G0r"e. . nesywrrs, xporth . Hwee 1906 1908 r,, 
ome 10 nanre rp. A. HK. TON FO sa 1807 r. sa eannospomenmyo 
ony ocTaskH 2 Cb AOCT. MRE 2 60 a. 
nd _9 manmorpaposannoe i paling noanacnh B ucumneres! Seennatne. eo 


Anpeck: C-Berepiyprs, Bb Korrepy mypmame JN UBA, yaum [orens, le 22, 





OTKPHITA TOTNUMCKA wa 1908 roxs HA 


»HmKeroporcnin Jncrors“ 


(rox® usxania XVI-8). 
CocraBd pexakuin @ COTPYAHHKOBD ocTaeTcCA npexaili. 


Cs oTxpiitia napxamentcxof ceccia Bb <Humeropoxcroms Jucteb> ne-. 
mbmyawTca CTAaThH E coo6meHia co6crseHHaro cleniagsbHaro kKoppecnonyeuta 
pexakuin as Tocyzapcrsennof Jlyuu. Fx>~rb Taxme noMBm@ATECA OparHHass- 
HuA cTaThW TaeHOBS TocyxzapcrsesHos Jymn Kakb ors Hameropogcxoh ry6ep- 
nin—A. B. Hxopamnopa, I. P. Kazene; na w A. A. Cancabepa, Tak® m Apyr. 

TloguscHas nbaa: Jian ropoxck) «® @ COpPMOBCKEXS ueXuEcdNKORE: Ha. 
1 um—l p, 2 w—1 p. 50 x., 3 w.—2 ), 4u.—2 p. 50 k., 5 w.—3 p. 25 x. 6 m. 
—4p., 7 u.—4 p. 50 £, 8 w.—b p., ov ua—5 p. 50 x., 10 «.—6 p., 11 a. —6 p. 
560 x., 12 u.—7 p.; 248 HHOFOPOAZHEXT NORDHCINKOBD, ‘Ha 1 w.—1 p., 2 M.—lp. 
75 x., 8 u.—2 p. 50 k., 4 u.—3 p., 5 u.—4 p., 6 u.—4 p. 50 K., 7 u—dD p., 
8 u.—b p. 50 x., 9 u.—6 p. 26 x., 16 u.—7 p., 11 u.—7 p. 50 x., 12 w.—8 p. 

Orxpnrta DOANNCKa Ha Haxero} 2ECKIN Jucroxs‘; 1, Bb raaanof KoBT0- 
pb pexaxuim—na B, Tloxpoaré Bb X. [lp cobmaexosa “ 2, BB TASCTHOME Ki0-. 
cmb B® BasHoBcKOM® caxy #8 Hexuems » ?3apb. 








Simmaps 1908 r. PYCCKOE BOFATCTBO. OBBABARHIA. 218 


OTKPbITA NOUTNHCKA na 1908 r. 
Ha CREXBEBHYW COLWYN OOUIECTBCHHO-NOANTHYECKYWO HB UBTepaTypHY” rasery 


WomReKoe COBO" 


Hayapmynca Bb rop. Camaps. 

Taseta 6yxerTb BHIXOZUTE UP SHAIBTCABHO YBCXHYCHHOMD HOBHNE CHIAME 
cocrash pexaknis, opm vem Rb yyaAcTIO BD He NpursanleHH BALBLIC COTPYA- 
HERE CTOAHUHEIXE H3XaHis., 

HKoppecnonyjentoms s® Tocyzapers. Jlyuy upsraamens C. C, Konnypymxmns. 

[loxumcnaa mbna. Jaa ropozcxaxt: Ha rozp 6esb xocr.--6 p., ch Ke- 
eraBK.—7 p.; ua 1/, roga—3 p. 60 x, wa 1/¢ roma 1 p. 80 x., na 1 wbe.—65 x. 
Jaa HHOTOpOXHEXS: HA Toh -- 7 p., HA nOsTORA — 3 p. 60 'k., Ha 1, roxa— 
2p. gal wbcana—7B6 XK. 

Axpecs xonTopH » pezaxninamapa, Caparoscxas, x. Iloy6har craro. 

Pexaktoph-wanateab B. Btrpesy. Pexaxrops K. Tpouunlit. 


OTKPBHITA TIOJNHCKA wa 1908 roxs (II-f roxt usxania). 
Ha emegneBayb DOIETEYECKYIO, OGMICCTBCHHYN, ANTCPATYPHYN HW OKOHOMNY. Tasery 


yw TP Of 


waxammlyiocs Bb r. Xappxonb, Hmxozsescnag nxzomaxb, 2. demerbuaro Banxa 
Tips 6aumaiimens yyactia Ipod. Ap. Hux. barber. 

Tloxnacuaa nbsa cb xocrasxoh w nepechizxo#: Ha 12 w.—9 p., 11 w.— 
8 p. 60 x, 10 u.—8 p., 9 w.—7 p. 50 x., 8 um —6 p. 75 &., 7 u—6 p., 6 w.— 
5 p. 25 x., 5 u—4 p. 50 «., 4 u.—8 p. 65 x, 8 w—2 p. 80 x, 2 uw.—l p. 
90 x., 1 “—1 p. 3a rpaHmny BxBOE. 

YVualaMcS BD BHICIIBXS YICOHMXS SABOXCHISXS, HAPOAHHMS 
GE3DZATHLIME HAPOJEHMD On6xi0TCKAMS-IRTAILHSMD, CCALCKEMD CRAMCHEBRAMS, 
emsAmepant, Heabxulepanans, aKyepkaMd, & TAKME pasowss>, DOAUMCHBalL- 
MABMCA HA raseTy aepesd CBON Opranssalis, DoxnNCHAaR DsaTa 70 K. Bb MBCAM. 

Pexaxtops I. T. Purreps. Hexatestr A, A. EXryzonif. 


OTKPHITA MOUZNHCKA ua 1908 roxas (IX roxs msxania) 
HA ABTCPATYPHY!O B NOANTHUECKYyIO raseTy 


vAAMYPeCK1h Kpak 
Tasera BLIXOJHTD exKeRHeBHO Kpomb Age nocrbopaskeeyHHXs. 


Tloxomcuaa ubua: 38 roxs cb RocTasKol wm nepec. 9 p., 6 u.—5 p., 1 m. 
—1 p. Bs possmynoli npozamh orybabawi nomeps 5 Kon. 
Tlognscka UpsHEMaeTCA BS KOHTOpS pexaxnis, sb r. braropbmenceh we 
Tepronok y. N 38. 
Pexaxtrops-Hazateat [T. H. Kxwrvoray. 


OTKPHITA TIOQMHCKA ua 1908 r 


Ha OMELBEREYO OOMLECTBCHHO-AETEPAaTYPHYN TaseTy 


WATCKIA Kpat 


Favera sHxo7uT 83 Batxh, 10 uporpamh 6oxbmmAxb CTOAWIHEIXS raserb, BHB- 
naprifinas, nporpeccasHan. 
Tloquncnag obua: Ha roxas 6 p.; wa 6 w.—3 p. 50K. na Sw.—l p. 75 k.;. 
1 wkcantp—65 x 
Koxtopa rasetsi: Barxa, yr. Haxozaescxo# a [[araanrof, 1. InGepmans. 
Mspatessnana A. H. Ipaszuzxosa. Pegaxrops H. I. Hoszxozs. 


214 PYCCKOE BUFATCTBO. OBBABAEHIA. Ansaps 1908 r. 


OTKPBITA TIOKIIMCKA wa 1908 roxs. (III-% rox» wax.) 


Béetaukt Haposnoi CBodonst. 


EmenenbabHaxd K-X. 


Emenexbabamkb m3yactca sb C.-Ilerep6ypré ups 6imxaiimemt yuactia B. J. 
Ha6oxosa uw A. HW. Kammaxa, uo opexseli uporpamm’ a cb rhwb me COcTasOM> 
COTPYXHEKOBD. 

By sumexggext NN ,Bicrasxa Hapoxznok Ceoéogur* nowbcrsan, memxy 
npowsMs, cratha cabxyomie astopm: A. FO. baoxs, H. A. Bopoxmas, A. B. 
Beprexcrifi, I. B. Teccent, npodeccopt H. A. Ipexecnyas, A. II. [pecceps, 
cu. Ilasex® Jiu. Dosropyxost, xu. Terps Iu. Jloaropyxoas, A. C, Hsroems, 
H. M. lopazancxif, apas.-zon. A. H. Kamannza, upodeccopp H. WH. Kaphess, 
A. A. Kaydbuans, A. A. Kuzenerreps, A; M. Koso6axaas, A. A. Kopaszons, 
upas.-xon. C. A. Koranpescxif, H. H. Krzeps, A. P. Jexumoxif, 1. H. Maw- 
sonb, M. M. Morasascrif, A. A. Myxagoss, B. JI. Hadocos»n, H. H. Ierpys- 
xepagtE, A. A. [Ipeccs, J. J. Wporononoss, 0. H. Pogavess, J. Poxioners, 
A. B, Cuupnost, [I. B. Crpyse, 1. C. Tass, A. B, Trpsosa, 3. 6. penkesh, 
upus.-zou. M. H. Ppazwans, H. H. Upeuenkoss, xa. J. HW. Waxoscxofi, I. 
Ilserray, A. H. UWlearspess, I. H. Uluds, npodeccopp H. H. Ulenxams. 

E. Axymxugs, A. Acwonoasscxifi w xp. 

KpomB cratel, st ,Btcramxb Hapoxzso&# Cso6oxui" orsoxuTca moro 
ubeta coo6meniau® o rexymet naptifino xusam. Orsocamifica coxa matepi- 
ax pacnosaraetcs 00 CABLYOUEMD DOCTOAHHHMY pyOpaKaNe: 

CHTpasbHH KOMUTeTD: OrueTH 0 sachaasiaxb uw WKATeCABHOCTH W. K. 
REPKYASpH 0. Kk. MECTSHMD DapTiAHLIND® OpraHssaniaws, oTaeTH oO AbATeM.- 
HOCTH COCTOAILEXDS Ope . K. Komucci—fi: arpapsos, padovel, nepxosHof # T. 2. 

C.-Ilerep6yprexaa = Mocxoscgan rpynon: QOrsets o sacbyagiaxt u xt- 
ATCALHOCTM TOPOACKNXS W rySe@PHCKEAb KROMHTCTOBD, & TAKAC palOHHHXb KOMB- 
TeTOBD K.-3. UapTid Bb cToamnaxd. Oraern 0 cO6pawiaxh, pedeparaxn mT. 2D. 

I]posmaniasbawd oTrgb«ep: Koppecnomszcanis, oTaeTn @ XponEKa napTil- 
m0Of xm u3Hm HA wbcTaxb. 

Wish AHSHM APyraxd napTisé: Coo6menia 0 BHARDULEXCA MOMCHTAXL MES- 
Mm Apyraxd uapTii—arzbeyxd wo upasyxs. Bt stom oTrbsh nowbuawtes, wex- 
AY Upowmd, orgeTH O cbh3xaxb 4 Bch BaxabAMiA UOCTAHOBACHIA UW pesoanonia 
SAPTIAHHXD opranmsanifi Poccia. 

Oco60e sHamaHie yxXbaeno Tocyyzapcrsesuos Jlymb u xbatesbHocta map- 
xamentckof dpacoia uapria Hapoiso& Crosoxzu. Ba <Bicraaxh» nevatamwrcs, 
MOKAY UpOIMMS, Bch FAKOMONPOECKTH DApTid, UPeABasHAIeCHAHe JAS BHCCOMIA BL 


[ocyzapcetseuHyto Jiymy. 
Tloguscuan wba: 


Cb jocraskoH w nepecHako&: Ha roxb—5 p., Ha Nosrosa—3 p. 

Pascpoyna: npw noxauckB 3 p. uw xb 1 man 2 py6. 

[Toxnucka apwamMaetca: wb C.-SIetrepé6yprb: pb Kontopsh xypaasza—Ka- 
poqHan, Ne 30, orzbaesie xonTOpH AAA TOPOACKSXDb NOADHCIBKOBS Up KoBTOpt 
rasetn: Péap , Hencei& op., Ne 13 (eb xa. mar. Boanca); 2) Bb Mocxeb: ups 
EKBERHOMDE ckaaab ,Hapoxznoe I[Ipaso‘, 6. Hurstcxan, Yepsaimescxi® uep.. 
xom® Ilycrommuaga, ks. 26; 3) Bb ROMMTeTAX} KOHCTATYDIOHHO-AemoRpaTHaecRok 
mapTig. 
Hsaxzarern B. A. HaGonosr Pexartoph A. (0. Baoxn. 





MTOMIACKA wa 1908 r. (41 r. n3xania) Ha exe_HeBHYyO rasery 


AQH b 


(8b Boponexs): 


Yexsosian muoxancka: Cp xocTasko# Bb Bopopemt, ga roxd 6 p., wa mol- 
rexa 3 p. 50 &., wa 3 w.—2 p., Ha 1 u.—75 uw. Cd nepeceiako& Bb Apyrie ro- 
pega. Ha roxs 7 p., Ha nosrogsa 4 p., wa 3 ube. 2 p. 560 &., wa 1 wbe. 1 pyé. 

Pex.-Haxarest B. Becexoncrif. 


Aunapp 1908 r. ‘PYCCKOE BOFATCTSO. OBbABAESIA. 215 


OTKPHTA NOANKCKA 
na BHEuapTifuné acropayeckiii w HcTOpAKO-zuTepaTypHHH xKypHarb 


»Munypmie Tonsr. 


JKypHarb BHXOIBTS cxewbca1HO Kauraua 18—20 ancross. 

IIporpamma: 1 Uscabxosanin uw cTaTbm@ nO pyccKo& mctopin u pyccnot 
anrepatyphb. 2. Matepiasi, JOKYMCHTH, MCMYADH B DBCLMA B3B O6xaCTH pyccKom 
wcTOpin @ pyccko# zsteparypy. 3. biorpadin whaTeaze# pyccko# scropin u aB- 
repatypH. 4, Kparaxa ucropayeckan HW aeTepaTypHad B Om6xiorpadia. 

mypsaeazb upssawantTs yuactie: B. Il. Axauonb, M. A. Agronopmys, 
K. K. Apcessest, M. 10. Amen6pesnept, ©. J. Batiomross, A. B. Bayxeps, 
Il. A. Bepanas, II. J. Bo6opmxuns, B. A. Boryyapcri#, A. K. Boposznms, 
B. A. Bptwocont, B. JI. Bypnest, B. H. Byraess, U. H. Bebu6eyss, C. A 
Benrepost, E. H. Boxosozosa, B. B. Bogonososs, M. O. Tepmensons, H. C. 
Jimaéanaps, A. H. Heanuant-Ilncapess, H. H. Jopazascrif, H. HW. Kapbess, 
A. A. Kasenerreps, b. O. Katogeecrif, M. M. Konazeecxid, H. A. Koraspes- 
exié, A. A. Kopnnaoss, B. Il. Kpanaxdeanat, J. Il. Kynpisnopa, E. A. Kye- 
xosa, M. K. Jewxe. ©. A. Jlouaruas, O. HW. Tm6arosaut, H. H. Maiisoss, 
VW. A. Manysaposs, Il. H. Maanxost, H. A. Mopozoss, Jl. C. Mepexxosncnrili, 
H. K. Mypassess, M. B. Hosopyccsi#, J. H. Oscanuxo-Kyanxonckia, H. Hg 
Hlapsopt-Crarpancxif, I. &. Wantreakest, 9. K. Wexapcrif, A. B. Ilpudiuazens, 
A. Il. Ips6saesa-Kop6a, A. C. IIpyrasnnn, II. H. Ilepesepsens, >. A. Pogm 
sepb, H. C. Pycanoss, U. I’. Caarnxoss, B. H. Cemescsiii, E. B. Tapaze, B. PL. 
Tant, M. H. Tpsrous, H. WH. Paskess, B. H. Purseps, J. B. Pazocodoss, Il. B. 
Ilerozest, B. E. Axymkuns uf Op. 

Jltua mypHagsa: nA rorb—8 p., Ha 1/3 rona—4A p., Ha '/, roma—2 p. ae 
rpanEnuy (upa BHOoMcKB usb Pocciz)—10 p. Bunoacnsawomie yepesb wbcrums 
SArPRHAIHLIA NOITOBHA yupexenia DsATATH TOAbKO 8 p. 50 x. Ibaa oTrgzbas- 
Haro Homepa—1 py6. 

Tioguncka TopoxcKkad UpHHAMACTCA: Bb KAWKEHXD MArAaSHHaxe T-Ba 
M. O. Bossgs, Be C.-[letrep6yprb, Tocranmfi xnops, 18 w Hescxii upecs., 
x. N 18, pt Mocxst, Kyssenxii wocrs wo Moxosas. 

Tlojnucka gaHOropoxHAA HaupaPaNetcH no anpecy: SHamencean, 19. 

Bpemenunii axpecs pexaxnia: SHameuckan, 19. 

Manatest H. B. Mtmuoan. 


OTKPbITA TOJIMCKA wa 1908 r. (XXIV r. nexania). 


B& emeneXxbipaHh BAAIOCTPEPOBARHHA MypHard ayTemecTsaifa # UpERADYVeHIE Ba - 
cymé 8 Ha mops 


Bokpyrsh Cpbta 


Bs Teenie roga nojoacankH noayyaTs: 50 NX uszzwcTpupoBannaro Ryp- 
naga. CoxepmateabHHA & pasHoo6pasaiin OesuzaTHwA Upemin: 14 Kenrbh s#xa- 
CTPHPonaHBHxd cowacHié; Kamaaza Paawmapiona. MaorouwscaenHocT, o6uTae- 
MEIX® WiPORD B yYCIOBIA CYMIECTBOBAHIA RABLIXD THOPeHif HA OTAXd MipAaXxd.— 
dJiramend. Pasrosop  acTtpoHoma cb xyuioh ymepmaro szpyra.—Hcropia o,nok 
KomeTEI.—LA cTpapcTRoBaniA cpeatH 6eskOHeUHOCTH uw BCTPhIA Cb senzenw.— Bs 
GesKonewHocTs. PantacTHyeckiii pascxash —Creagza. Saba HLA powans.— Horners 
mipa. Pant, cTaseckii ogepKb ra6ean game& nzaneTH.— Ypanian. Setsyanh pe- 
wan®.—B> nedecaxt a na 3eurb. Ocepea a pascxasy. Jysanii cabrs. Nostcrs. 
10 KHurs «HeO6HKHOBeEHBLIO pascKkash> Orrapa [los. Kpom’ toro cb opwnsaTow 
omnoro py6an noxoncingn «Boxpyrs Cabra» norzyqarb «THcaga OHA HOTb?, 12 
BLINYCKoBD (Gorbe 100 crp. Texcra wa ZU0 pac.) uoaHaro 6oraTo-H1ZOCTPRHPOBAaN- 
Hero CcoopaniA BoeTOUBHXD Ck830Kb SHAMEBBTarO apadcKaro 9snoca Illexepasa- 
AN, CTONWMHXD Bd OTAbsbHOn Npofancb 38 pydasa. 

UBbxra wa roxy 6esb co6p. ckazonb «THcaaa oma HOUb> 4 p. ch nepe- 
ensakoH wn xXoctasxonh. [[bxa wa roxm cb co6p. ckas0oKB «THicagqa OHA HOU? 
5 p. cb oepechakos a qocTaBKoli, Pascpoyra: np nolzuncKs 2 p., xb | aupbm 
2 p., Bb 1 iman 1 pyd, 

Axupechb KonTopH mypy. ,Boxpyr> Cabra’: Mocksa, Trepexan yawns, 4. 
T-pa WH. )l. Cutuna. Aszanie T-na MH. J. Curtona. 





216 PYCCKUE BOTATCTBO. USDABAKHIS. Hupaps 1908 r. 


OTEKEPBITA NOANACKA HA 


apaToBwckli JuctoK's 


Bb 1908 rozy (46-H rox m3yauia). 


Tloxumcuan nbaa cb focraskoto Bb Caparor’ uw Bb IloxposcxoH caz.: Ha 
rexs—7 p., 11 mbc.—6 p. 50 x., 10 whke.—6 p., 9 ube.—5 p. 50 xu., 8 whe— 
& p., 7 wbc.— 4 p. 50 x., 6 wbc. —4 p., 5 ube. —3 p. 50 x, 4 wbe.—3 p,, 
3 mbc.—2 p. 50 x., 2 wbe.—2 p., 1 ubc.—1 p. Ce nepecnz. Bb Apyrie ropors:. 
mwa roxb —8 p., 1]. ube. —7 p., 10 ubc.—6 p. 50 x., 9 wbe.— 6 p., 8 ubo— 
& p. 60 x. 7 mbc.—5 p., 6 whe.—4 p. 50 &., 5 mbc—4 p., 4 wbe.—3 p. 504, 
8 wic.—8 p., 2 whe.—2 p. 40 &., 1 mbe—1 p. 20 x. 

Tlognncka opmawMaetca Bb KoaToph peizacnix: Capatosb, Hibmenkan ji, 
ment Onesopre; Bb cz. Tloxposcxoh y I. M. Ocuixo. 

| PeaakTopb-uszareab TT. 0. Jebdexess. 
Usyatean KX. I. Topzsonross. 


an rg a SSDS yg 


TOUS H3XAHIA COPOR’S TPETIA. 


»AcTpaxanckii Jncrors* 


6yxerD BEXOZETE BD 1908 roxy u0xs upexHef pexzannic# w UpM TOMB me CO- 
cTash NOCTOAHHHIXb COTPYAHMKOBD. 


Tasera nporpecchssaro HanpasseHiA, HOZABHCOMAS OTS KakHuXb-xm60 aap- 
sid = xpyxkon>. Ocnopnan sazaga raseTH: coxbicrsie ocymecTBACHINM DIMPOKEXS. 
HAPOXHHIXE pePopMs UyTem> MAPHArO opeospasosahia rocyAapcTsa B HAPOAMare 
; HA AJOMOKPATHUCCKEXD HAYAIAXS. 

Jibarexbaoe UPeACTABRTCALCTBO EPACBLIXS HATEPCCOBd. 

Illupoxag ocpbyomscunocts 0 whcTauixb xbraxs. 

_ _Camurh nosnui Topropo-npomimiazenanl @ cer.-xosaiicrs. 0680p mro-Boc- 

foxa Poccis. Towana cebabaid ch pHakOBS pHO6aaro, coxgHoro, sxbcHOre, 

ro, HeE@TAHOrO, MACHOFO, 0 CyXAOXOACTSS, caqoBoxcTBh, HB AD. 

Tloguucaan ubua cb nepechzkow: wa roxas —7 py6. 50 Kon., nosrox,a— 
4 py6. 50 xon, 8 mbc.—8 py6., 1 wbc.—1 pyé. 

»AcTpaxancki&i JIucrox®“ pacxogzutca Ooxbme, YbMb Bch Opodia actpe- 
XANCKIS wSXaHiA, BISTHIA B ° 

Tloxnscka UpHamMaeTCA HCKXUHTeCALHO BS ACTPAXABE, Ub kKoRTOps 
»Acrpax. JImctxa*, uo Maxzo-Jlemuyosckoh yaunth, cpok roms. 
Pexaxtop -aszaTcap B. H.. Cezaésxcxif. 


cme ee - ~ ee ee ee eee - 





BTOPOK TO0b H3XAHIA. 


IOWHA A SAP SL 


Boasulagd eKeqHeBHAA Ta3zeTa, BHXOXUTS Bb ExatrepsHocsash oye pexagniel 
A. A. Edamosuya, uaganie II. I’. lese. 

Tloguscnas ubaa: T'opogce. cb yoctasgos: Ha roa 6 p.,6 u.—8 p. 20x, 
8u.—2 p., 1 w.—70 x. Haoropoqnum® na roxe 7 p., 6 u.—4 p.,3 u.—2 p. 60 8., 
1 «.—90 x. Sarpasauy wa rox 12 p., 6 w.—7 p., 3 u—4p., 1 w.—l1 p. 50 Kk, 

Tloxoucka w O6bABZeHiA UpuHHMawTcH BE KoHTOph «<lOxsod Sapa>.— 

TOPMHOCAABh, NpocoekTs, fomb Uatesa). Odbassenia 3m [lerepéypra, 
OCKBH, B BOoéine Chsepo-danarg. pafoua upaHaMRioTcA Bb KORTOPB rTopros. 
xoma Metusn. 





Pesaxtopb-Hsjatenb B. I. Ropoa enno. 








Wsdania ©. B. ynuna. 


(C.-Ierep6yprs, [peospaxencraa, 5. Texehors N’ 73—10). 





Mux. Jlemxe. HukonaeBckie #augapMbl 
HuTepatypa 1826—1855 rr. ee oe 


whaenia C. E. H. B. Kanneszapin. Cp aoprperaua medosb x®anxap- 
MOBD H EXD DOMOmMBKOBS CIIB., 1908 r. Iba 8 p. 60 gk. 
Orausu negara 1907 r.: «Hosocra Onecct>—27 oxtadpa, «Y¥Tpo» 
(Xappxoss)—2 Hoa6pa, «Torapamp>—1 xexa6pa, «Pyccxin BbAow »>— 
gexa6pa, <IIpiasos. kpaft» —& 287, <Kpatay. O6osphuic» —xu. V,< Coppemen. 
wipb»—yexaOps, «Pyccxnas muicab>—xexadpb, «Hnaa»—yexadpp uw «BécrH. 
Esponmm>—agraps 1908 r. ; 


Baayumips bepenmrams. Oxono NoAHTH- 


Ch 7 kKapTsuamy, u3b KoTopnxd 6 Ha oT botb- 

YeCKHXb. HUXS aucTax® wbr0808 ret eas n 18 agroéiorpa 
iamu nOAMTHICCKAXD ccHabnLIXE, CIIB:, 1908 r. tsa 1 py6. 

Orsupur oeyara 1907 r.: <Tospapaurbs~-5 oxtx6pa, «Kasanckiaé Tesc- 

rpadp»—28 oxra6pa, <Piab>—1] nonGps, «IIpiazoncxifi xpaft»—N 280, 

«Kiescxia Btcrm»—5 won6pa, «<Bécra. Espont» —orraops, «<Q6pasose- 

nie»—oxtabph, <Pycckoe Borarcrso>—non6ph, <Hasa»s—son6pr, «Cobpe- 

mMeauH mipb> —AeKadpe. 


_ (ast. pomag.: Kagan, 

A. M. OexOpoB's: Tipapoas: SemaA @ Zp,). Pasckasbl 
(nope). Ba xyxom. o610%K5 pad. M. Cozomonopa. CIIB., 1908 r. 
Iltna 1 p. 

QOranses negata 1907 r.: «Hosocra Oxeccuis—27 oxta6pa, emencn. 

«Horan Kunra> Ne 14—81 oxra6pa, <Pyccnia Bigonocra»—11 xexadps, 

cKiesexia Bhcra> —17 nxexa6pa, 


Msanoss -Pasymunns. Yto Takoe «Ma- 














Ky sompecy 06% warcaanresuis. CIIB., 
XaeBlHHa>? 1908 r. Utea 50 gon. “an 


B. Kuasyescrifi. BoratctBa W Aoxo{pl 
JY XOBCHCTBa. Te ao eee Ronosg. s3fanie 1908 r. 


Oras oevata 1907 r.: «Zach» (Mocksa)—1 wos6ps, <Topsapnmp» — 
| gexa6pa, «Crosaunan Tloqra>—l ansapa 1908 r. 





A. A. Hnxonaen. Koonepania (205,285 





ronetc ycTpansatTs cBom xo3AAcTacHann Absa). 2-e ucpcpadotanHoe | 


@ SHAUNTCABHO AODOAHeHHOE u3nanie. CIIB., 1908 r. Ubsa 30 gz. 
l-e magzanie («Pyccx. |iorat.>) 640 pekomeHnonanoO Bchum Banéonte 
uporpeccaan. Om6ziorpad. yraszateanus (H. A. Pydaxuas, Mlehaxmuaas, 
lp. Heerpoess, xazenzapp «Chateab> 8 MB. Apyr.). 





Tleppiss 4 euurg HaxoxaTog & VY uozateds w BB ORxant M. M. Oracn- | 


zeouva (OIB., B. Oorp., & z., 

Hexnsronporxssoy, BHusCHB. oTB uajat. C. B. Byxseaa (CIIB., [pe- 
o6pamencxan, 6, Texed. 73— 10) na py6an nm Gore, 3a cepec. He NzAaTAT, 
aro xoxmxO Outs coocbenHO BamzO Ate THxz pafonoss, rxB upoxamy NEpBHXs 
guyxs rests (r.r. emce  Bepesmrawa) udctaas axwanxoTpamia m0 Kaxo- 
NY-TO HOROpasyNIHIN EREMENNL MATASUEANs He NOSBOLZOTS. 


x” 





me Gems 2h. 


. 2D aR 8 ss 2 SEE Be. 


°° 7." 2 2 En ee 


OTHPBITA MONACHA HA 1908 FOb. 


(XVI-wa TOL U3 DAHIA) 
HA BKEMBCHIBNE ARTEPATYPULA « HAYYNWH IKYPHARL 


| PYCCKOE BOTATCTEO 


H30ABAEMBIA Ba. Tan. KOPOJIEHKO 


npx Gamuattwewt yuyactin H. 6. Axnneucnaro, A. [. lopnbespaga, 

fiioneo, C. A. Eanarsescxaro, A. W. Weanwewe-Mucapesa, H. E. Kyapena, 

fl. B. Moxiescxaro, B. A. Maxotuna, A. 6. Metpnmesa, A. B. Mhwexenosa, 
C. H. }Omazosa w fl ©. AxyGosuua (A. Meabwuuna). 


NOANWCHAA WBHA cb noctasKow 4 nepectinKoO: Ha roab—9 p.; 
na 6 wbc.—4 p. 60 x; Ha 4 wbc.—3 p.; na 1 mbc.—75 K. 

Best moctasku: Ha ronb— 8 p.; na 6 mbc.—4 p. 

Cb RQAOMCHHLIMD NAATEMOMD OTAbABHAA KHHxKa 1 p. 10 Kk. 

Sa rpanmuy: Ha romb—12 p.; Ha 6 mbc.—6 p.; na 1 mbc.—1 p 


NOQNHCKA NPHHHMAETCS: 
By C.-Nerep6yprt—sp kontoptb xypHana, Bacxosa ya., 9. 


By Mocxst—s> oratrenin Kontopn, Hurcumcenia cop., 3. Cazapurna.- 


By Ogeccb—sb KHHxKHOMD MarasHHt C. B. Moaposcxaro,—WZae- 


cance *).—Bpb marasnnt ,Tpyab*—Jepudacoscxan yr., 0. M25. «| 


Jlocrasaswmie noanacxy KHH}KHBIE MAFASHHBI, 3EMCKIE CKJIAABS- 

M YMPABLI, YACTHHA W OBLUECTBEHHBIA BUBIIOTEKH, NOTPEBH- 

TEJIbHBIAA OBLILECTBA, TASETHHIA BIOPO, KOMUMTETHI WIM ATEHTSS 

NO WPIEMY TIOJMMCKH Bb PASHBIX’ YUPEMAEHIAND woryrs yaep- 

7KMBAaTL 88 KOMMHCCIO H DepecnAKy AcCHeErt 00 40 KON. Ch KajKaaro SXSCHILARDA, 

T. ¢ Dpucuaats, subcto 9 py6ach, 8 py6. 6O kon., TOJIBKO IIPH TIEPEAA&R 
CPA3Y NOJHOM FOAOBON IMATHI. 


TTOORUucna 66 PABCPONKY UA NE enosnNm OnAauennan 8 yp. BO ae. 
ors suxt HE MIPHHHMAETCS azo noxzyuenia senxocraiomuxs AcHers, KEK. 
Om HM OblAa MAZS YACPKAHHA CYMMA, 


*) 3atcb xe npoyaxa wsgaHif ,Pyocuare Boratrcrea”. 


aan 7 ae 
* | KEE FRA; * 


posh pesauiin w KoHTOpEI: Backosa ya., 9. Tenedont Ne 20-83. | 

















HARVARD 
UNIVERSITY 
LIBRARY 


[PR 181958 


PYGGKUG KOTITST 


No 2. 
COTEPMAHIE: 


1, NMPOTHBb COJIHLIA. Mponomxenie. . Hanga. 
9. HALIIOHAJIbHDIA BOMPOCDb Bb 
CBBTB COLUAJIMCTHYECKArO MI- 


@MEBPAIIb. 



























POBOSSPBHIA . ... 1... ee. M. 6. Patnepa. 
3. M3JIVYYHHA. ....... es . » A. Bepnepa. 
4. @EJIYKA. Cruxorsopenie.. . . .. . A. Tyay6vesa. 
5. H3b HCTOPIH JBOPAHCKOH PEAK- | 
WH. 2... wee eee ee ee H. E. Hyapmua. 
6. POKOBbIA CHJIbI. Pomanb. Mepesoa, 
Bpym6epra. IIpononmenie . . ... . ryctasa ade Feiiepcrama. 
7. HCTOPIA MOErTO COBPEMEHHHKA . Ba. Hopoaenno. 
8. HM3b AHMIW. .......... Jlioneo. 


9. COBPEMEHHAS IOPHCIPYNEHUIA x 
YUEHIE Jl. LNETPAXKHLIKAIO . Oxon- 


ywaHie 2. 1 ww et te ee M. Peicuepa. 
10. Kb XAPAKTEPHCTHKB COBPEMEH- 
HbIXb TEYEHIM. ..... . . . Wl. Moniescraro. 


11. XPOHHKA BHYTPEHHEM >KH3HH: 
1. [Ipouecch yeTsipexb reHnepanoBb. — 
Yupbonenie HensstctuHaro Tuna, HeHs- 
BicTHO KOMy monuHHeHHoe.—Bceobuee 
yknonenie OTb OTBSTcTBeHHOCTH.— IlopTL- 
Aptrypexaa aHapxia.—2. Baaa au HaMb- 
Ha?—Kaks soopymaetca pycckitt DrOoTH?— 
OGpasosatenbHnt yposelb apuin Hu cb.10- 


(Cu. 3-y90 emp. o0scsexu). 





Ta H Bb YaCcTHOCTH repoess Crecceniagu.— 

Besspixognoe npotusopbuie,—s. 51/.MH1- 

niapoosb Ha apmiio H dnoTh.—lenytath 

BO Bpema” Bakallit.—Bonbwioh nmaaHb AIA 

Ayuu.—Npotusoptuie mexay cosnzaniem> 

BOCHHOAM MOLUH H COXpaHeHiemb ycToesb. — 

Besb mnaana uw 6e3b nepcneKTHBb.— 

4. Baactb 4 COlO3HHKH.—3a60TH O Nno- 

BCeMBCTHOMB yupemneHiH chcKa,— CbICcK- 

HbIA 3acnyrH Colo3a pyccKaro Hapona, — 

Hosoe tTonkosanie ct. 126 yronosHaro 

yroxeria H amHucTin 1905 r.—Com3HHku 

nu Tloprb-aptypckaa r-xxa Casenbespa.. . A. fletpumesa. 
12. MOJIATHKA. Noptyransckia ataa.—Te- 

Kymin coOpiTia. 2 2. 1. 1 ee ee C. }Omanosa. 
13. HA O4YEPEZIHbIA TEMbI. Pesowiouia 

HaoGopors. III—IV.. . . ... .. . A. Witmexonosa. 
14. HABPOCKH COBPEMEHHOCTH. X. 

O mpauHpixe nyOAMUMCTaxb WH MpOCTLIXb 

cxeMaXb. 
15. Bb NOPAAKB BESSAKOHISA ... . MU. Cwrosa. 


16. HOBbIA KHHAIH: 

Bopucb Jlasapescxif. Pasckasp. — Sanannnie 
cOopanku. Kayvra nepsas.—Chsepauie c6op- 
nukH. Kaura stopan # TpeTba.—lepmanp 3y- 
nepmaH>. Posn.— Uctopia Poccin sp XIX 
BbKb.—M. Jlewxe. Huxoaaesckie xanaapMn Hu 
aatepatypa 1826—1855 rr.—WapuuchiA, M. B. 
Apxaureapcxaan ccblaKka.—Hosiia KHHrA, NO- 
CTYNHBWIA BL peakuil. 


17. C/IYYAHHbIA 3AMBTKM. 

Uto xe aymaeTb r. Hsaroesb o r, Crto- 

mpMHHB? 2. ww ke eee . A. Nerpwuesa. 
18. OTYETb KOHTOPH PEJAKLIIH. 
19. OBbsABJIEHIA. 


TOIBKO-4TO BHINIO Bb CBBTb 
HOBOE, MEPEPABOTAHHOE H3JAHIE KHHTH 


PYCCRAH MYBA. 


X yNOReECTBEHHO-HCTOPHYeCKan XpeCTOMATIA, COCTABIECH- 
yaa I]. A. Xapaxrepuctruku u o6pasiub mpousBenenifi 
132 nostoBpb (oKono 40.000 cruxoss). 

LUtua 1 py6. 95 kon. 

IIponaetca Bb KOHTOpaxt ,PycckKaro BoratcrTsa*® 
H BO BCbX’b H3BKCTHEIXb KHHKHEIXD MarasHHax'b. 





MEBPAIIb. 1908. 


PSO HUTHTSTR 


EXREMBCAYHBIM 


~— ANTEPATYPHDIM, HAYSADIM a DOTHTWSECKIMIR PHAN. 


NE 2. 


—— Gee — 


C.-NETEPBYPI'B. 
Tuuorpagdia Tepspok Cno6. Tpynosok Aptenu.— Jlurosckag, 34. 
1908. 


Orkpbita nognucka Ha 1908 rom 


(XVI-na TOD W3AHIN) 
AA RIKEMBCHUAWM JMTEPATYPHW « HAYGHNM aKYPHAID 


PYCCKOE DOPATCTED. 


H30ABAEMBIN Ba. Tan. KOPOJIEHKO 


apn Onumatiem> yyactin H. 6. Annencxaro, A. F. Topneansa, © 

flioneo, C. fi. Eanatbescxaro, A. VW. Usansune-fucapesa, H. E. Hyapuna, 

fl. B. Moniescxaro, B. A. Maxotwua, A. 6. Netpwmesa, A. B. Itwexonosa, 
C. H. Wmanoea uv fl. ©. Axy6osmya (A. Meabwuna). 


NOANMCHAA WBEHA cb aoctaBkoio H mepecbimKOIO: Ha rone—9 P.; 
na 6 mbc.—4 p. 60 x; Ha 4 wbc.—8 p.; Ha 1 mbc.—/6 kK. 

Besb noctaBKu: Ha roab—8 p.; Ha 6 mbc.—4 p. 

Ce HAAOMCHHLIND NAaTeHOMD OTAbADHaA KHWKKAa 1 p. 10 «K. 

3a rpanuuy: Ha ronb—J2 p.; na 6 mbc.—6 p.; Ha 1 mbc.—T1 p. 


NOQNHCKA NPHHHMAETCS: 


By C.-Merepsypré—st Kontopt »xypuana, Bacxosa ya., 9. 
By Mockst—s» orntrenin Kontopy, Huxumenta cop., 0. Favapuna. 


By Oneccb—sb KHWKHOMD marasHHt C. B. Moxaposckaro,—lae- 
caace *).—Bpb marasnn6 , Tpyap*—Jepudacoscxan yn., 0. M25. 


Aocraszzwmie noanacxy KHHKHHE MATASHHH, 3EMCHIE CKJIAABI 

M YIIPABbI, YACTHHIA H OBLUECTBEHHbIA BHBIIOTEKH, NOTPEBH- 

TEJIbHBIA OBIUECTBA, rASETHBIA BIOPO, KOMHTETHI WJM ATEHTH 

TIO TIPIEMY NIOMMMCKH Bb PASHbIXd YUPESKAEHDIX'D moryrs yaep- 

7KHBATb 82 KOMMMCCiIID MW NepecHaAky ACHers NO 40 KOU. CB KarxKAarO SKSCMILARPA, 

T. ¢. UpHchizaTs, Bubcro 9 py6aeH, 8 py6. 6O xon., TOVIBKO TIPH DRPEAAUS 
CPA3Y MOJIHOH FTOLOBOM IVIATHL 


TTodnwuona 6% pascpowny UAU HE Gnornn onnasennan 8 vp. 6O %. 
or, auxt HE TIPHHHMAETCS azo noxysenia mexccTaiomuxs AcHers, Kak’ 
6 HM OblAa Mana yRepKaHHax CyMMa, 


*) Sabcb xe npogaxka u3naHifi ,Pyccnaro Boratcrsa’. 








BS 


11. 


COTEPJKA HIE: 


. Npotwen coanua. Handa. Mpononmenie ....., 


Hayionaabubld Bonpoct Bb cBtbTé couianncTHyeckaro 
miposossptuin. M@. B. Pamnepa. ........ 
MAsayunna. A. Beprepa ; 

Menyka. Cruxotsopenie. A. Tya yosesa . . 

Ast uctopin asopaucnow peaxuin. H. 2B. Kydpuna . 


. Pokossia cunp. Pomann I'ycmasa ads Teitepomaaa. 


Mepesont A. BpymG6epra. Mponomenie ... . 
Mcropia moero cospemennuxa. Br. Hoponenno . . 


M3zb Aurain. /Tioneo. 
Cospemexnnan topucnpysenuia v “yweuie f. ‘I ‘Netpanuu- 
Karo. M. Peticnepa. Okonyanie. . .... 2... 


. Hb Xapaxtepuctuné cospemexnnyxd Teyenit. 7. Mo- 
“KICBCKALO . 


Xpounna BHyTpeRNOd mHaHW: 1. TIpouecch vyveTbIpext 
renepaiopb.—Ykpbnaenie Hex3BbcTHaro THMa. HeH3- 
BBCTHO KOMy MOAYHHEHHOe.—Beeobiiee yKnonenie OTb 
oTsbrcrsenuoctn. — Iloptb-aptypckaa anapxia. — 2. 
Baa an usmbHa? — Kakp Boopyxaetca pycckitt 
dioTbh?—O6paz0BaTenbHbl ypOBeHb apMin H rota H 
Bb YaCTHOCTH repoesb Crecceaiagnt. —- BesspixogHoe 
npoTusoptuie.—3. 5'/, MuHaniapaoBb Ha apMilo 
daorb.—JlenytaTbh! BO spema saKkalii.—Borbwonk 
mnianb win Jymp.—lTpotusoptuie mexay co3nzaniemb 
BOCHHOH MOLWIH HM COXpaHeHiemb ycToeBb.—be3>b nna- 


Ha Hw 6e3b nmepcnekTusbl.—4. BaacTb H COlO3HHKR.— 


Sa6oTss 0 noBcembcTHOM®S yupexkgenin chickKa.—CBICK- 
HbIA 3aCMyTH co1I03a pyccKaro Hapota.—Hosoe TOKO- 


CTPAH. 
1— 24 
25— 63 
64— 97 
97 

98— 132 
133—160 
161—200 
1— 25 
26— 59 
59— 73 


(Cm. xa o6opomn). 


12. 


13. 


14, 


15. 
16. 


17, 


18, 
19. 


BaHie ct. 126 yronoBHaro yaoxwkeHia Hw aMHHCTI 
1905 r.—Cotwsnnkn xu T[loprb-aptypcxaa r-xa Ca- 
Benbesa. A. Ilempuweesa. 

Noautuka. Nopryranpckia abaa. —Texyutia “cobuitia, 
C. LOacanosa . a 
Ha o4epesHBiA TeMb, Pesontouia yao6opoTe. “Wt Vv. 
A. Ilnwmexonoea. woe ae - ee 

Ha6pocum cospemenHxoctu. X. O “MpauHne ny GnHILH- 
CTaXb H MPOCTHIXb CXeMaXb. . 

Be nopaakt Gessanonin. 1. Crtoea 

Hosaia KHHTH: 


Bopuct Jiasapescxii. Pascka3n. — 3ananune cOopHuKH. 
Kuura nepsas.~-Chpeppsie cOopsnku. Kunra sropan # 
etba.—Tepmantb Syaepmanb. Po3n.—Wctopia Poccin Bb 
IX sbk6.—M. Jiemke. Huxonaescxie KaHaapMpl HM IATe- 
patypa 1826-—-1855 rr.—WiasnucKif, M. B. ApxanresbcKar 
ccblaka.— Hosa KHHTH, NocrynHBwin Bb pemakuilo. . . . 


Cayyaiinpia sambrkn: Uto xe aymaetb r. Hsroesp 0 
r. Cronpinunt? A. Lempuweea. . 

OryeT> KOHTOpL! pesaKuin. . 

Otasaenia. 


CTPAH, 


74—116 
116—126 
126—175 


175—195 
195—201 


202—219 


219—226 
227° 





Hsnania pegauuin mypwana .PYCCHOE GOFATCTBO" 


(C.-Hemepéypes—noutopa xypuaza ,Pyconoe Borsromo“, Backoza yx., 9 
Mocxea—ortxbiewie ROBTODH, Huxuronis Bopora, i. TarapEua). 


Bunncueaiousie KHNTK Bb APOBHHKAiNO na cyMMy He menue 1 pyGan ROALSYITCA 
Aaposol nepecmauon. Heamunw> marasmtam> — yoryAna 26°/, np repeouant 
HHWT> HA WXb CYeTD. 


BUCEHTLERD. BbIBOPHI HAPOHDIX’b HIPEJICTABUTE- 
net. Hon 1906 r. 24 erp. [bua 5 Kon. 
C. A. An—cui#. OWEPKH HAPOJHOM JIMTEPATYPHI. Haz. 
1894 r.—150 orp. II. 80 x. ° | 
_ fl. Byauruns. PASCKASBL Maa. 1902 r.—482 orp. IL 1 p. 508. 
Tparopi EBtaoptusit. BESb WOE (Hess pasckasosb, 0 pyccko- 
ADOHCKOH BOHHS). 1906 r. 207 crp. Ubaa 75 Kon. Bess nnen.—Best 
HacTpoeHia.—Bp wyKoM> nepy.—XumMepa. 
N.. FoayGeav. TIOJATHOE ITBJIO. 1906 r. 82 orp. Ibma 8 k& 
fliexeo. OFEPKH COBPEMEHHOM AHTJI. Han. 1903 r.—s58 
cTp. If. 1 p. 50 K.- 
— AHFJNMCKIB CHJIYSTHI. Men. 1905 r. 501 crp. I].1 p.50 x. 


Xapaxteps anranvand.—Anra, nonnuis.—Bospoxaenie mporexuiosusma. — Apzanacxia 
-4e20x00b“.—S3eman.— Keucxia toyab.—brexia toy. 


— HEDPHKOCHOBEHHOCTb wMMTHOCTH w SKUVJIMIDA. Han. 
emopoe 1906 r. 16 ctp. Ilbaa 4 kon. 

— CBOBOJIA TTETATH. 1906 r. 16 orp. Iléna 5 Kor. | 

B. |. Auurpiesa: TIOBBCTH H PASCKASDI. 1906 r. 312 crp. 
baa 1 py6. romowxa—Moat comnuems wra. 

B. f. Koxocoss. PASCKASbI O KAPIMCKOM KATOPIB. 1907 r. 


317 crp. I]. 1 p. «He naw>—Bocnomunania spaga.—fpaxtaxe. ~—-VicnycouKn.— 
Tpodumviyn.—Jlackosei.—AwKka.—H. [. Uepaenmesckitt. 

Baagumip» Kopoaenxso. OUHPKU aw PASCKASDI. Kaura I. Odun- 
nadyamoe ust. 1906 r.—403 crp. I]. 1 p. 50 &. Bs ayproms o6uectsb:— 


Con> Maxapa.—Jltcb wymurh.—Bb How non cBbraANA npasaHHKs.— Bp nozcrbs- 
CTBeHHOMD OTrbreniv.—Crapwf 3B0Hapb.—Ouepkn cHOupcKaro~Ty pxcta.—CoKkoannen. 


— OYDEPKH aw PASCKASDI. Ka. II. Cedomoee nag. 1905 r. — 
411 cTp. If. 1 p. 50 K. Ptxa mrpaers.—Ha 3aTmenin.—Arb-Jlasany.—Ueprecs.— 
3a HKOHO#. Hout. —TbHu.—Cyageiat nexb (lomb-Kunypt). Manop. cka3ka. 

— OYWEPKH w PASCKASDI. Ka. II]. Yemeepmoe usx. 1907 r.— 


349 crp. I]. 1 p. 25 k. Oronsxu.—Ckasanie 0 daops, Arpunnt wn Menaxems, 
cub leryau.— Mapaxoxes.—,Focynapespr amunkn*.—Mopo3p. — Nocabania ayut.— 
Mapycuua 3anMka. —Mrnosenie.—Bs o6aaunua ACHb. 


— Bb FouOHbIM rob. HadmoqeHia, pasMHUIeHias HW 3a- 
mwBTKH. Iilecmoe, ucpaBleHHoe H onoHeHHOe, Hag. 1907 r.— 
400 crp. LI. 1 p. 

— CIBNOH MY3bIKAHTD. drons. Oduenadyamoe wan. 1906 r.— 
200 crp. I. 75 &. 

— BESb ASbIKA. Paseraas. Temsepmoe Hal. 1906 r.—218 oTp. 
I. 75 x. 


Fae 


_ IIMCbMA Kb *KUTRIO ropoacroi OKPAHBEL. ‘Buopoe 
wen. 1906 r. 24 crp. Ibua 5 k. 

. t—- COPOUMHCKAA TPATENIA (no aHEHM'S cye6saro paa- 
crbyosania). Weg. 1907 r. Ul. 10 gon. ; 

©. Kproxoss. KAGAITKIE MOTHBBI. 1907 r.—438 crp, Il. 1 py6. 
Kasauxa.—Bs poasuix, mbcraxb.—Cranaynaxu.—H3b guesauKxa yuntena BacioxuHa.— 
Kaand.—Kapruikn wikOADHOR wMsHA.~K> ncTONHNKY: ROUmEHIA.-Borpbes. - 

H. E. Kyapnne (H. C. Pyeanost). OwEPKH COBPEMEHHOHM ®P.AH- 
IIH. Bmopoe nen. 1903 r.—612 crp. I. 1 p. 50 &. Hapoas u ero xapax- 
tepb. — Hayka, anteparypa u nevarb. — Bopnéa peaxula n nporpeocs Bb HICHHOA # 
noawTHyeckoht chepaxb.— tno Apefipyca.—Nzeftthoe npo6yxaenic 

. — TAJJJEPEH COBPEMEHHDIX’b ®PAHILY 3CKEX'B SHA- 
MEHMTOCTEM. Cz 12 noprper. Haga. 1906 r. 499 crp. I. 1 p. 50 &. 
Nactsp». — Aogxs. — 3oan. — Knewanco. — Baabaex> Pyceo. ; — Kon6». — Ponupops.— 
MKopecs.—[s2b.—AnaToub Ppach.—lloae Bypme. 

Nn. J. Aapposy (Mupross). UCTOPHUECKIA HHCbMA. Haz. 
mpemne, 1906 r.— 380 crp. I. 1 p. 


— ®OPMYJIA TIPOrPECCA H. K. MUXAMIOBCKALO. 
HAYYHbIS OCHOBbI HCTOPIH MBH ALT. 1906 r. 143 crp. 
HbHa 40 Kon. 

— dAJAUH MOS8HTHBH3MA HW UX’b PBHIEHIE. Teoperakn co- 
POKOBLIXD TOAOBD Bb Haykt O Bhposaniaxy, Lia. 1906 r.—143 crp. Ll. 40 kK. 

A. Neoutvean. PABHOIPABHOCTD. Bmopoe way. 1906 r. 16 orp. 
bua 5 kon. 

— CYJIb HW ETO HESABACHMOCTDH. Maz. 1905 r. 24 erp. I. 5 &. * 

Ex. Jittkosa. IIOB’ECTH uw PASCRASDI. T. L. Mepraan sui6n. Tpenize 
a3]. 1906 r.—222 crp. Il. 1 p. 

NOBBCTH uw PASCKASBI. T. I (pacmpogand), - 
— NOBBCTH u PASCKASBI. T. OT. Hay. 1908 r. — 816 crp. 


I]. 1 p. Pa6s.—O6opsannas nepenucka.—Ha meabunus.—O6raxxo.—Bess ampain 
(Codes Merposna x Taxa). 


J. Meabwund (fl. ®. Any6osnyt). Bb MIPB OTBEPIKEHHDIXD. 3a- 
UMCKH OHBIaro KaTopxAnKa. T. I. Yemsepmoe nan. 1907 r.—386 crp. 
If. 1 p. 50 RK. Bs npenssepiu.—tLenaesckia pyannk>.—epranckift opaeHoxb.— 
Oannouecrso. 


— Bb MIPB OTBEPSKEHHDIX'D. T. II. Tpemse nag. 1906 r.— 


402 crp. I]. 1 p. 50 &. Cs tosapnmamu.—Ko6niaka Bb nytu.—Cpeau conoKb.— 
Inuzorb.—Post-scriptum asropa. 


— IACbIHKH KUSH. PasckasH. Bmopoe vay. 1903 r.— 


367 cTp. I]. 1 p. tOnocrs (u3b° BocnomHnanif HeynayHmun).—MachakH %xH3HK.— 
Joptor® spb <hooumuss katopru.—Mcxopka.—He gockasannad opasaa.—Ha xntait- 
. ¢kot PBK kb.—Tan 

OUEPKM PYCCKOM MO9SIH. Han. 1904 r. — 406 erp. I. 


I p. 50 K. [Myuixunb.—Hexpacoss.—Pers.—Tioryesy. — Hancons. — Cospemennuis 
MHHiaTIOopp.—O cTapoMb H HOBOMDb HaCcTpoeHil. 

— BMBCTO HWIMCCEJIBBY Pr A. 1 Btcta “3b MOARTHYeECKOM xa- 
toprn. J. Mesvwuna. — Il. Ha Amypcxof konechot azoport. P. Bpasexazo. Han. 
1906 r.—40 crp. I. 8 kom. . 

H. K. Muxaiaoscxii. COUMHEHIH. Ulecrb tomos no 2 | 

T. |. Uro takoe nporpeccb?—Teopia apsuua w o6<ulecTBeHHas HayKa. 
rasecin MeTONb Bb OOLIECTBEHHOA HayKt.—bope6a 3a WHAHBELYaAbHOCTS.— Box: 
HW NOABHKHHKY.— 3m AKnTepaTyPHbIXd H KYPHaAbHbIXd 3aMbroks 1872 vw 1873 r, 
T. Il. Mpecrynaenie u HakazaHie.—lepon 4 Tomna.—Hay dba nacbma — 
Aormyeckan Maria. — 3b AMTepaTYPHDIXD WH %KYPHAMDHBIXD SaMbrokp 1874 








T. Ul. Puazocodpin emp Jtyn Baana.—Buxo H'efo ,HOBaA HayKa”..—Hosma 
HCTOPHKD enpelicxaro wapona.—Uto taxoe ¢vacree?—-3anuckn [lpodana. 

iV. Keprsa crapot pyccko® acropiv.—Aneann3ms, AAORONOKAOHCTEO 
peannaure. - =—. Cyanamusi W cy3laipckan kpaTaHxa. — Kapab Ma os _(yaome 
or. 4Q. Weywoacxaro.—-Bs aepemexny. ~The ary piss gambren 1 73.-15 

T. V. 2Kecroxif TanaHTb. — In. Yecneucxit. — Wleapuan: — Pepon Ges- 
BpeMenDA. ms B. UWlearynops. re COBpeMeHHHKa. —TIInesia noctoponHaro 
. Vi. Bomrep. —Tpage B ACMaépk>.— Matte Cpoaguil ab pycckon autepa- 
ryt. —~Lnewmues wnraTeAn. 


“IMTEPATY PHBIA  BOCHOMHHAHTA x COBPEMEHHAS 
CMYTA. T. I Henanie emopoe. 1905 f.' 504 orp. a pys. 
Moa mepsyf antepatypHyit onbith. ,Pascetre*. , Kawa TP aye 
Sanmmexn*.—Hexpacosp, Castsixos,, Enhcedet, Yoneucxi, ilearyroph.—O rp. Toa- 
ctom’b. — TIucbuo K. Mapkca. — Kaiouueca asopsue. Vneanst H HOO. — r. 3. Eaue 


Cees. 

- . JUTEPATYPHHIH BOCIOMMHAHISA x COBPEMEHHAS 
CMYTA. Toms II. U3qanie emopoe—496 erp. I]. 2 p. Hopzay o ssipo- 
maeniu. [lexatentti, cumponicrit, Mark w mpow.—OcHossl HaponHnyectsa FOsosa.— 
O6> sKOHOMMTECKOMS watepienisw.—H3sp NuCeMS MapKCACTOBS.—O “ Huunte. 


— OTKIIMEH, T..1. Han. 1904 r. — 492 orp. If. 1 p. 50 k. 


Cratba cb amBaps 1895 r. no ansapp 1897 r. 


— OTKJIMKH, T. HU. an. j904 1. — 431 orp. I. 1 p. 50 k. 
Ctatau Cb = od 1897 r..no ne 


Ka6pb 
BIHIA CONMHERIA. T. I. Ven. 1905 r.— 489 cTp. 


. 1 p. 50 KR, Ceato o neka6ps 1898 r. ng aAnpban 1901 r 
-" TOCIBIHIA COUMHEHIA. T. Ll. Han, 1905 r.— 504 orp. 


I. 1 p. 50 &. can ch vaio 1901'r. no aHB. 1904 r. (acbeau CMepTH aBTopa). 
0 — eee poMana ,, KAPDEPA QJIAAY IIKHHA“. Hananie 1906 r. 

240 ctTp. 
B. A. ManoTwiry. H8b ‘MCTOPIM ‘PYCCKATO OBIECTBA. Man. 


emopoe 1906 r.—400 crp. I]. 1 p. 25 K. Mporonons Assaxyms. — Ku. Llep- 
6atops.—Ha sap’ pyccxo oGuecrsenHoctH (Pannues>).—H3b [lywiKnucxot snoxu.— 
T. H. Cpanoscxia. — K. 1. Kaseanns. — Mamata Pab6a Ycnencxaro. — Mamatu H. K. 
Muxafinoscxaro. 


— HAO JH HOT Bb HYMY. Usn. smopoe 1906 r. 40 crp. 
Ubsa 10 xon. 


A. 0. Hemnposcuit. HATACTD. Hopbert (13% xomepHolt sna eMin 
1892 r.). Han. 1898 r.—286 crp. I]. 1 p. 

A. A. Hunoagest. KOOTIEPANIA. Han. 1906 r. 56 crp. I. 10 x. 

A. 6. Netpnumest. TEPKOBb HM INKOJIA. Hen. 1906 r, Il. 15 x. 

— IBA H3BHPATEJIBHBIX’S 8AKOHA. Cno6. 1907 r. I]. 10k, 

C. Nogvayesp. T. I. MBITAPCTBA. — Han, 1905 r.— 296 crp. 
I. 75 kon.—Mockoscxié pa6orapA 20mb.—TIlo stany. 

— T. Il. CPETM PABOYUUX'b.—Max. 1905 r.—287 erp. I. 75 x. 

A. B. fitmexonoss. 3EMEJIDHEIA HYIKIbI JIEPEBHH. Ocuos- 


HHA 3aaiH arpapHoft pedbopmy. Haz. mpeme 1906 r.—155  crp. 
baa 60 k 
— KPECTBAHE M PABOYIE Bb uxb BaaxMHHXE oTs#OLIe- 
~ Way. mpemee 6eab nepembub. 1906 r. 64 erp. If. 25 x. 
' — GKOHOMAYECKAA TOJIMUTHKA CAMOJIEPIKABIA. Bmo- 
meq. 1906 r. 80 erp. Il. 30 «. 
— XJIBBb, CBBT’b u CBOBOJIA. Yemeepmoe usr. 1906 r 
stp. I]. 10 kr. 





— ATPAPAHAx {IPOBIEMA sp CBAgH Ch RPeCThAHCKAM 
apwreniowh. Hen. 1906 r. 135 orp. I]. 40 x. 
_ CYTHOCTD | ATPAPHOW IPOBJTEMBL. Orrbabault orrucrs 


Mob REUTH ArpapHas upogiema- 1906 r. a2 arp. TL 6 x , 
Kb BOU acy Bb HHTHIIVJIMPEXDIM. 1906 r. 108 orp. 

bua 2 25 Kon. / 

— HAKAHYHB. Van. 1906 r. 214 erp. I. 60 x. , 

— TIPOTPAMMHBbIE BOLPOCEI. Bua. I: Ochopaia non0menia. 
If. 10 kon. Bum. II. Ucro com. I. 10 Kon. 

C. A. Capnnnoea. i 02 br CKOPB (Bocttomunania matepx). Hea. 
1906 r. 64 orp. IL 1 

fl. Tumoteers. “IBM JKUBET BABOJICHIH PABOUIM. 


1906 r. 117 thes ae 
Hapa, i ie BOCTOMHTLAHTE HBMEIJKATO PEBOJIIO- 
IMM0HEPA.. 1907 T 

Buxrop> depuon. MAP CusirE a ATPAPHBIIt BOUPOCE. 
Ucropuxo-Kpntuieckiéa oueprb. YU. L Han. 1906 r. 246 

B. Idpycu. OHEPEH 0 0) NOAHTHYECKOM SKOHO nt Bre. 
poe nay. 1906 r.—274 

C. H. Wmaxosn. IGEPOBOUEITE HETEPBYPYVb». Jipamyqy 
Bokpyr» Asin. [lyrepua Bheyatrbuia. Usn. 1894 r.—350 crp. I]. 1 p. 50 x. 
Bs crpant xyuxys0Bb Hu TyMaHOS>D. — Ha tenmxh Bomaxd 

n. A. — 11. Any6osuye (A. Meabusnny). CTHXOTROPEEI. T. I. 
(1878—1897 rr.). [amoe nay. 1908 r.—282 orp. 

— CTUXOTBOPEHIA. T. OI. (1898 — 1905). Fo amse, yonon- 
HeHHOe, BBN. 1906 r.—316 crp. I. 1 p. 

— PYCCKAH MY3A. Craxorsopenia u xapaxrepuctakn 132 nostoss. Kpa- 
CHBBIH KOMNAKTHBIA TOMb Bb Aga cTONOUA; oe 40.000 cTHxos. epepaborannoe 
gonoanenHoe uaganie. 1907 r. I]. 1 p. 7 


Bb xoutops <P. 6.» mponawtca H HBKOTOPHA IyRia HaAzaHia: 


Fannepen waucceab6yprcnuxd ysnnxoss. Cb 29 noprpetamau, 30 6io- 
adiamu. H37. 1907 r. BB NObsy OHBINAXD UIIHCceIbO. YBHHROB'. 
‘bua 3 p. 

Ni. Meanwun, (fl. ®. AnyGosuyt). UUJIMCCEJIDBYPICKIE MYYE- 
HHKY. Bech unctHi cO6oph Bb NOAbsy OHBUIMXS WMuMccemm6ypr- 
CKHXb y3HuKOBb. May. 1906 r.—a2 orp. I]. 15 k. 

-  'M. @ponenno. MYUJIOCTb. (Han er o6b AneRcbes- 
CKOME paBerHHh). A3g. 1906 r. 16 orp. ih 10 &. 
Btpa Durnepp. CTUXOTBOPE Vian. 1906 r. I, 20 x. 

Be sammty caosa. CBOPHUK'D CTATEH a CTUXOTBOPEHLI: 
IV-e nananie (yaemeBlenHoe) 6esb nepem'bun. 225 I. 75 &. 

Samp Wannsons. OPAHIIA AE ED HB ‘PEBOJHOWIA WO Ha- 
KasaMsb 1789 roma. 1906 r. 220 emp. 

fianisas Crepxt. HCTOPIAN PE oso 1848 r.—Haq. 1907 r. 
Asa ToMa, 10 75 K. kaxkoHH. 

C. H. WOmaxosy. BONMPOCHI TF OC BIIBHIA. Ilbua 1 p. 50 &. 

— COUWIOJIOPMYECKIE OSTIOUbI. T. UO (zt. I pacuponams). 
I/bua 1 py6. 50 kom. 

n. A. Naspos (Muptoes). HAPOJIHHKM A HPOHATAHTHCTBL. 


[bua 1 py6. 





MIPOTUBb COJHLA. 


a 
. 


VI. 


Iipecabaopanie Kakb OyATO IpekpaTusocs. ComsaTH o600- 
PUJIHCh, H TO OAHHS, TO ApyroH OcTaHaBIIMBANCA WM CTpPBIATS 
NH WYLO-TO Bb TEMROTY; RaskeTca, CTPBIAIH OHH TONBKO WA 
TOTO, ITOOH HAPYIUHTb ME€PTBYW THUIMAY, KOTOpaA BMBCTS CB 
MPakOMb CNYCKaacb Ha 8eMJIIN. KpyroMb Bce kardb OYTO BH- 
MepJO HH 3aTaHJIOCh, OKWIAaA NOKa He MpOwAyTh MMMO Tyx- 
Jibie He3HakKOMHe JINIH, OesnopaAnounOH TONNOH ABMraBuiieca 
no yoporb. Ho BHCTpBIH, TONOTS WMaroBh, COBa, KOTOPHMH 
BUONrONOCa OOMBHABAIHCh COMaTH,—BChB aTH 3BYKH, #xXTHe 
pHpowb, He MOH HAapPYOIMTh eCTeCTBeEHHOH THMIMHH, DapHB- 
meH KpyroM?, H Taxe Kakb OW TomGepKuBann ee. Jlo1u, TBH- 
raBmieca 10 AOporb, He OKXMBIAIM NpPHpOAy, He UpusHaBaB- 
yt HX CBOMMH, 2a HW CaMH OHH YBCTBOBaIH ce6aA 3BCb 
JIMMIHUMH, HeHY2XHHMH, MYYIHIHCh COsHanieMb cBOoel OTIY2K- 
MeHHOCTH Bb aTOH cTpan'b Hw TOpoNMuch Ha cbBeps. Llypa, 
KOTOPHH Take Kakb H BCB O*uneph HW COMMAaTH NOMKa OCBO- 
GoWICA OTb 9TOrO TATOCTHArO UYBCTBA JMWIb Bb CaMoe I0- 
carBanee BpeMs, OTUaCTH OJlarogapA crapaHiamMb Muxauna Ilas- 
HOBHYA, OTIACTH OaroyapA TOMY, YTO BCB UPHBHKIM Kb MH- 
cu, Oyoto JIAOHHb 9TO ye HBYTO CBOe, Tenepb, Korga apMiA 
Yxoqu1a oTb JlAoaHa, BHOBb Cb OCO6OH cHIIOH NMOYYBCTBOBaIb 
CKONbKO HeEABNOCTH OHIO Bb TOMb, ITO BOTH OHS Heh rao- 
NAHOBHMH TI0NAMH, HHKOMY pPBUIMTeIbHO He HYXAHH, CcoBep- 
DIeHHO OesIOMONIBHH HM He 3HaNUi, ITO AhuaeTCA Bh ABYXS 
maraxb OTb Hero. Ilo o6buMb cToponaMb OporuH OMATS BO3- 
BHWMatHCh HeNpoHuyaeMHA CYBHH YTaoddAHa, HW WAU Wu To 
9TOMY KOppHyOpy Cb HeDpiATHHMD MW TAKCIHMS CO3sHaHiemMb 
TOTO, UTO BHOopa DIA HUXb BBS, ITO OOOHTH YTH NONA wn 
TpohATH ywepe3b HHXb OHH HE MOLYTS, HMeCHHO OHH, a , OND“ ,— 
,»OHB“ MOKED, ,OHb* TYTS cBoH... JporHyrb axe Maraps 
TpodumMesuyh W BMOMTONOCA cTaNIb ,,OKIaINBaTb* Ilyps. 

Pespaap. Orntar |. 1 


2 HAH Lb. 


— Cka3nWBanTb, — TAaMHCTBEHHHMb IUIONOTOMbB YLOBOPHTb 
OHb,—4TO ObeTh OH“ Telleph 10 xtenb3eok opors... [xb-To 
ueBHsiA MoO Beata... He pas6epellb Xopomio... 

Ilypa, y KoToparo cepaue CHIBHO 3a6M0Cb OT CMyTHArO 
mpeqayscTsid Kakol-To Oombm0H OBA, pBsKO O6OpBaNb CTa- 
puka. 

— Jiypaxs! DoBTOpselmb BCAKIA yMOCTH... 

OTO BHpBajoch y LlypH HeyasHHO H axe BB NepBHa 
MOMCHTS OHS pacKkadJCa-6HI0 Bb CBOHX CJIOBAaXb, HO 3amb- 
THBB Kakb UPHHATO 9TO OHIO CTapHkoMb-hesmbApeselemb u 
APYruMu CONTaTaMH, OHS PBUH, ITO NOCTYNHIS UpekpacHo, 
HM flake MOYyBCTBOBaNb HBKOTOpy ropyocts. Makap xe Tpo- 
®HMOBMYIS WBHCTBATeEIbHO He TOJbKO He OOHI'BICA HA ,1ypa- 
Ka“, HO O6panoBasica TOMY, ITO HakoHell'b-TO Bb Iilypb saro- 
_ BOP CHHd Muxana [lapnoBuya, KoTOparo cTapHkb Oearpa- 
HHYHO yBakalb; KPOMB TOO Bb 9TOTH MOMECHTS, KOrMa Kasa- 
OCb, 4YTO BCe, Ha YeM'b, 10 WpeAcTaBredio sTOrO cTaparo Ccou- 
ata, JepxXuTca CBLTB, roTOBO 6HI0 pyXHYTb, Korma pAqoBHe 
6e3HakazaHHoO Opoca.Id BHHTOBKY UM axe pyraud Hata-IbHuKOBS, 
Kakb CU'biaIb ITO Ch HUM 3allacHHii H3b XOXJOBb, Bb TakKoli 
MOMe€HTS UpisTHO OHJIO y3HATb, IIOSYBCTBOBaTb, 4TO H'BTb,— 
He BCe elle PyXHy70, CyYIMeCTBYIOTS elie OTHOMEHIA, KOTOPHX'b 
M3MBHUTb He MOReTH Jake orcrymenie oTb Jisoana, Bb CHIY 
KOTOPHXb MONOM0OH, HHYTOKHHH O*PUUEPHKD MOKeT OOPyraTb 
WypakoMb ero, cTaparo 3aclyxedHaro erpapebens. 

— Buasopars, Baie 6naroponie! napbctsoe abo 3px 6o1- 
TaWTb, Yeptu!.. OH BH, BB nopsaaKb! pasommKHuch! Yero COHIHCb 
Bb Kydy, Kakb OapaHn! 

MW cb HOBOM oHeprieH MpunAca 3a Whno. BuCianb natTpy- 
JH Blepedb, OCTaBHIb HBCKONHKO YeNOBbKb c3aqu, HO Bb 
CTOPOHH T. €. HMCHHO TYJa, Bb raouAHOBYH Yally, Kya Heo6- 
XO2MMO OHIO OH TOCHaTb O380pHHXb, OH He MOCIaTB, 
TOHHMad, ITO BCe paBHO 3a6JIyoATCA, Wa wu He NOHMLYyTb 
BOBCE. 

BaarojapsA 3THMb MBbpaM’b, a PiaBHHMB oopasomMb 6naro- 
wap pyran HW YBBpeHHOMY TOHY KakHMDb I'baslHCh 3TH, Bb 
CYINHOCTH, Oes06H0HNA pactopaxenia, HacTpoeHie commzaTh 
CTalo JyIme U DBUKeHiN Ipuyand OHNb Koe-KakoH MOPALOKb. 
Ilypa, yBieveHHil cBoeli HOBOH pOJblO, BPeMA OT BpeMeHH 
OCTAHABIUBAJICA HW BHHUMaIbB KUOMMaCch. Bb TaKHXb Clydaaxb 
NOBTOPAach O0Ha MW Ta we cena. 

— Cro! narpyas, ctol!—kpuyaai commgatH, Baga ITO Ily- 
pa OCTAaHOBUJICA 4 WB8eTh 8a KOMMACOM®. 

OTH KPHKH H CepbesHhi, AbAOBUTHM BUI Cb KAKEMD Cos- 
sare OTHOCHIUCh Kb HeEMY H KB ero kommacy, KOHDy3ung 

YPY- 


NPOTHBb COJIHBIA. $ 


— Kaketca, AleMb BBpHO,—AyMalb TAA Ha CTp Bary, 
KoTOpad ObuleHHO KpyTHNacb 10 BceMy Kpyry HM He xoTbua 
yCNOKOuTECA.—9-3! YOPTh CH HMB! BCe PaBHO Cb opors 
He CBepHeMb—¥H OHB [poOMOrmacHo OOBABIAIS, ITO HAYTS 
OHH BBpHO, DocrB Yero CONMaTH, YCMHOKOeHHHe, ABHralHch 
Buepezs. 

Ho paBiibaHO 2H OHH uayTb, Wypa noloxHTeHbHO He 
3Halh, OesmokonJicd u pBmaica emule pasb MOCMOTpBTb Ha 
KOMOaCh, Cb ThMb YTOOH HA STOTH pa3sb BHAepKaTb Xapak- 
TEPhb H WoRMaTLCA, OKA CTpPbKa YCHOKOMTHCA, JHO DOBTOpA- 
Tach CTapand ucTopis£. 

Takb W114 OHH JOBONbHO Douro. Bapyrb Boepenu pasma- 
JIMCb KPHKH; CAHDIHO OHO, ITO KTO-TO Cb KBMB-TO Pyralca 
HakoHeld, Ilypa yBuybab BcaqHuka, KOTOparo Ba Comgsata, 
CXBaTHBb JOMaib NOb Y3RUb, TAaUWAM KB HeMy. OkasHBaetca, 
OXOTHHKS. 

— TH 4TO? 

— Bauly poty ucKaTb nocnama, Balie Onaropogie,—nouno- 
HAIb OXOTHHKE: 

Comat, TamuButie ero, CTasIlt Pyratbes. 

— Xopomo uckab! MH eMy KPH4IHMb, a OHS MOBEPHYINS, 
aa youpats! Hacwazy notmasu! 

— A TH DobsqH HOUNW Bb raoianbl—orpnwsasicd OxorT- 
HHUKD. 

YIoMOHHBD coopauuxh, Ulypa nocrb 70NrAxb pacupocoss 
YeHab, HAKOHELS, YTO NOMKS, T. e€. WITA6b Moka, pacholoKerb 
OHIb BepcTaxh Bb YeTHPeXd Bb WepeByWKb, poTbxke mprKa- 
3AaHO BHCTaBHTb OxpaneHie A BOHTH Bb CBA3b Cb COCBAHHME 
poTamg. 

— A rb Ke anbwrauTs? 

— QOcTainca caaqu, OURO Cb BepcTy... TOBOpHTsS, Haliqa 
poTy, 30bCb DomxKHAa OHTb, a KAKb ee TYTS Haltqellb? 

ComfaThH XOTA TaBHO yoke 8HaIH, ITO HOY IPUAeTCA UMS 
CTOATH Bb OXpaheBil, TONbKO Telepb Kak'b OYATO NOHAIH, ITO HE 
TIPWAeTCA MMb cilaTb HM YTO He OyeTh HMB HH %aW, HH 
xarb6a... 

— Hy, ay, By! Bam 6H TOKO xpath, Wa cath! a oxpa- 
HATb KTO Bach OyzeTh? Moxerb BaMd JakKeeBh HAaHHMATh emje!— 
pasiaica 3shqHNH ronoch Makapa Tpodumosuda. 

Iilypa, kKoTopoMy cTpaniHo 3axoTbI0ch MOBHaTb CBOUXS 
TOBapuuleH, y3HaTb NoveMy MW Kya OTCTYHaIH, NobuTbca 
BUeWTIbAIAMH, pastpakeHHo, CepaqACh HeH8BBCTHO Ha KOrO, 
CTaJb POBOPUTh OXOTHHKY, ITOOH OHS AONOKAT, ITO HeObxo-' 
JWMUMO Kb poTh upeciaTb oullepa, 4TO kaluTadb paveHb 
T. U1., HO Makapb Tpodumosuyt, pBOIMBb, ITO TOBOpHThb OHS 


roryuoctu, pbUuTeIbHO Mepe6unb ero. 
1* 


4 HAH Xb. 


— Jjonoxu, ITO KanuTanb pauen'b. [lyuial AByKoNKa cB- 
derbazuiepoms mpibgerb. A HacieTh OXpaHeHiA ON0RK, ITO 
celuach BHCTaBHMb MH JBB 3acTaBhH MW NOUIeEMb AIA CBABH. 
TH TroBpopulih nATaa pota ryb?—H Makapd Tpodumosnyt cramp. 
NOAPoOOHO pasciipauluBaTh OXOTHHKA, rb WATaA, Tab celbMad, 
rib O6aTasibOHb 4 T. X.—A BH He 43B0NbTe S6e38NOKOHTKCA, Balle 
6naroponie,—o6patuHica ont kb Ilypb,—sa cefigacth pascTaBiw 
B3acTaBh @ MocTH... HWomanylite, pame Onaropofie, BoTh TYTb 
OTNOXHUTe... OM, Wai munenu!.. 

/isa comgata nmogxsatHau Illypy nonb pyku u, npexze 
GhMB OHS YCUBIB 4TO-1H60 OTBBTUTh, OCTOPOKHO ycaTMsi 
ero H&a pasoCIaHHHA WnneH. YBeyeHie CBOMMS MOOKeHIeMD. 
HAavaJIbHuka POtH Takb xe GHCTPO MpOMINO, KaK’b HU ABHIOCD. U 
Iilypa tenepsh acube, YhMb korja-1u60, cosHaBasb cBoe 6e3cu- 
wie H HeyMBuHie pacnopaxatpcs. He Morb OH’ ene NOHATH U 
TOTO, WoweMy cCOuaTH H caMb Marapb TpodumMosuytb Takb 
YXAHXUBANTh 32 HUM. GHAINTh, OH HMB CYMBIb BHYWHTS 
yBaxkeHie! H OH TIATebHO CT&J'b IPHNOMHHATh, ITO OHIO 3a 
leHb co'biahHoO UM TAaKTHUHArO H YMHAPO, HO CKOJbKO OHS HE 
KONaJICH Bb PasHHXb MeNOWxXh, OKasaJlocb, ITO CaMWH Wy IWin 
efO TOCTYHOKb BakINYasIcCh Bb TOM}, ITO OHS OOpyranb Ma- 
Kapa TpopuMoBHda AypakoMh,—axe OHb CaMb UYBCTBOBAI, 
YTO 3TOFO OHIO CJIMINKOMb M&O, ITOOH BHYWIMTS Kb ceOB yBa- 
xeHie.—,HbTb, He TOKXYCh A Bh AaVaNbHAKH“, TYMaTb OH, 
HO 9TO OHJIa, TAKS CKasatb, WOKasHad MHCJIb, KOTOPON PHCOBaI- 
CH OHS CaMb Nepelb coool, BHYTpH Xe OHJIb NOYTH yBBpeHS, 
YTO pasqactca Touoch, KOTOpHH ompoBeprHeTs ero. Ho rogzoca 
HHKakKOroO He pasTaBasloch, 38 HACKINYeHieMb ron0oca Makapa 
TpoduMosyya, OTAaBaBlaro CBOH Upukasavxia MenoTom’s (00 
ycTaBy l0Jlaraetcd Bb OxpaHeHiM TOBOPUTb Bb ToNrogoca), HO 
TAKUM [pO38HHMD, 4TO CJIHDIHO ero OHNO Ha BEpCTY KPyroMB. 

— A BCeTakH 6e8b MeHA OHH He MOryTB oO6oTuCch! — Cb 
HBKOTOPHME 30pancTBomMb AyManb lIllypa,—nu camb Makap3s 
TpouMoBuyYb He MOxeTD! Ob axe OOpanoBaics, Koria A ero 
(Cpyradb. Boo6ule, 4 CoBeplwIeHHO HaupacHO BOJHYNCb H BO- 
(([iakal, ITO AH MOYeMYy-TO XyxKe Apyruxb; omuyepb BoBce He 

cumeHb ObraTb HW pascTaBIATb IIOCTH, elle Bb MHpHOe BpeMsA 
9TO HMBeCTb CMHCJIb, HO Bb BOeCHHOeG BPeMA, pasb ITO A DOD- 
FOTOBHIb CBOUXh COMMaTh, HertbAmebeneh wu yuTepb-opune- 
poBb, A Hs8OaBeHh OTS ZTOH XNONOTHH,—CTapauca OB yCcno- 
KOUTb ceés. 

Ond HW He 3aMBTHJ'b, KaKb CONLaTH, 00 WpaKasakib Peubl-- 
e6euA, BHPHIH TO, ITO OHH HasBaJIH OKONb, XOTA 9T0 OHJIb 
He OKOID BOBCE, & NpOcTo OObUaA AMA Bb posh norpeda, cBep- 
XY TINaTebHO NPHKPHTad TaodAHOMS; Bb Yriy Bb cheviialbHo 
BHPHTOH AMKB paspeqenb OHI KoOCcTeph, OTYeErO Bb Horpeob 











HPOTIMS CUAHDA. 6) 


STOMB MOKHO OHNO OesolacHO TOKO WexkaTb, HHage AHMb 
MOrb 3880YUIMTb H BHBCTS ruaca. CommatH upurnacunu [lypy 
TYHa& HW, ODATS NOAXBATHBS DONb MHUIKH, CBE 110 CTYMeHb- 
KaMb Bb ,,OKOIb“, rb BB YY YCTpoenHa Ona WIA Hero DOCTeIb 
U3b UIMBeNeH H BeleBOrO MBOIKA BM'BCTO NOAYUIKY. 3a HUMB 
YX@KHBaAIM, HO 3ACHYTb He anv, TAKh Kakb 3a OTCYTCTBICMS 
Makapa Tpodumosuya ‘HBKOMy OHNO OOpyraTbh HM YCIOKOATE 
HXb. Oco6eHHO BOMHOBAICA HapyxHWH aacopoh. To wu wba 
PasiBHTalb OW raouAH’b H, CHUA BHH38b KOMKH pHs, po- 
COBHBaIb TONOBY HW WellTatb, — ,Balle Oaropomie! Kaxkucb, 
ANOHUN HOAyTS!“ Cb CHIBHO ObwWULEMCH CepanemMb Llypa BH- 
bab HaBepx. JlyHa yxe B3OMNa, HO CBBTS eA OHI TAKOBS, ITO 
KaReTcA, Wyie w He cBbTuNa OH OHA BOBCe. Bce KpyroM’s Ha- 
T100HeEHO Dpuspakamy, WH KOra WCOBOH NokashBaeTh KY 1a-TO,— 
»BOHD, Balle Olaroponie, ITO-TO BuAAaTb! BOHB!“ TO BCBMB Ka- 
*eTCA, ITO TaM’b, Bb YKAa8aHHOMD HAaUpaBNeHin, WHUCTBHTeEILHO 
eCTb KTO-TO HH ATO-TO. Xpadpbe BCBxXB okasHBaeTca eBpeli 
H3pansibCond; OBB 6e3b PyRXbA H axe 6e3b Manku ObKUTS 
Bb YKasaHHOM®D HalipaBleHiv. MHHYTH Bb, Tpa UPOXOLATd Bb 
TOCKIMBOMb OXHMaHiv. COMMATH OCTOPORHO, CTapancb He IMy- 
MBTb, 38PAKAOTS BUHTOBKH. SHOOHTE, 10 TBIy ObrawTs My- 
pallKH, OTh HanpsxeHia HU stToro cBbra HaqHHawWTS Oorbrp 
riasa. HecmoTpa Ha TO, ITO BOsBpameHia HUspansmbcona Bch 
HIYTb, NOABIACTCA OHS HEOHKMMAHHO, Kakb OYTO OH’b BCE Bpe- 
MA, 00Ka OBranb, 6OHb DpospaquHMb WyXOMb HW BOMNOTHICA 
THO TOra, Kora MoMoMeIb BONOTAYM Kb ORUTABMAMS 
ero. 

— Huwyero wBrh, Bamle Ouaroposie, — AoKIaqHBaeTh OF}, 
HpPOwsHOCA CHOBa Cb 3aMBTHHMB eRpeHCKUMb aKkMeHTOMb. 

Ho e2Ba JNM YCNOKOATCA, ODATH KTO-HUOYAb NOHUMAeTS 
Tpepory. BepHyjcah ComqaTh, WoctaHHHH Bb MTadb MolKa 3a 
aByKOuKOH. OkashBaeTCH HH JBYKOJKM, HH MasapeTHOM JIHHel- 
Ku HBTS, Bech 06035 1-ro paspAawa Kya-TO saTepascA H ero 
MILyTb. ‘ 

— Takb ITO ANbWTAHTh CKa3HBaloTh, TOON” HOCHIKH Cb 
‘KaNHTaHOM OTUpPaBATb Bb mTa6s NONKa,—TOOaBAeTh OH. 

CommaTH He cormamantTcA ‘cb oTUMb, — 3aYbMb Bb DITaOb 
mouka, ecu HBTh y HAXD TAM HM AOKTOpA, HU AWHeHKu? Hb- 
KOTOpHe NpOOyWTh OKasaTb, ITO paHeHOMy OyeTb TaMb Clio- 
Kolin'be, HO AOBOLH HX OOJbINMACTBOMS IpHsHawTCcA He 3acdy- 
SKHBAIOWIEMA BHAMAHiA,—,CBOM-TO Iydme MpHCMOTpATS“, UpH- 
qgeMb NO agpecy ,lMCapHmiekKb UW KOHNXOBB“ CHMATCA Hese- 
CTHHE ROMIJIMMeHTH. Bo BCHKOMDS Cuyuab, HeEOOXONHMO MOLOR- 
jyrath Makapa TpodumoBuya,—Ha oTOMB BCB COrsamawtTca u 
Illypa, XoT# HHKTO ero se CIIpamuBaeTS, CIBOIMTh BHPashTb 
eBoe nomHoe cormacie. Bepuysuiiiics Bb CKOPOMb BpeMeHA Ma- 


6 HAH X &. 


Kapb TpoduMOBuyb, y3HaBb Bb YeMb WHO, KpbuKO pyraeTh 
WOKTOPOBD, PeIbAMepOBb HU BCH ,0603HyH OesnapOHHYW KO- 
MaHy”“. OROHYHBE OTY PAIANNURY, COMpOBORaBIyWCA COOT- 
BATCTBYNUIMMH KeCTaMH, OH'b, HH MaJIO He u3M’baAA CeO, No- 
QTHTCIbHHMD, HO TBEPAHMb TOHOME AOKNagHBaeTb Iilyps, iro 
paheHaro HeoOx¢qHMO XOTb AO yTpa OCTABUTh pA pors. 

— la, 2a, & Tome Tax DyMan,—oTsbrurp Iilypa, tyMaag fa. 
caMOMDb Jhb O TOMb, KAKB DOsopHo ObKaIb ONS, S6poCcHBh 
paHeHaro TOBapHIa H Kakb 20 CHXb DOPb On axe He NOl- 
XOJHIB Rb Hemy. Tlo6buuBb Bb ce6b crus, Dlypa nozomenb 
Kb PaoUAHOBOMY WlaslallWky, COOPpyxXxeHHOMY 3a60TJMBHMA py- 
KaMH Hal’b HOCHIIKaMH. PaneHHH Jlexallb Ch 3aKPHTHMH Ila- 
3aMu H cya6o cToHaNrb. Ulypa 4yBCTBOBaNb, TO HMCUONHAeCTS 
IpocTyH HoOpMaNbHOCTh, YTO BTOTH NexaBUH Ha HOCHIKAX'. 
yMupawmit yenoBBKR He uMBeTB HuYero O6ularo Cb TBMB 
Kapiyuiel, KoTOoparo MOKXHO ONO TpeTHpOBaTh, BHUIYYABaTb 
H lake HEMHORKO W06nTS. Kakb o6paTuTbcH Kb paHeHOMy? 
Mima H OTUeCTBO ero BCBMH BB DONKY WaBHO yxe 38adHTO, a 
Ilypa ow He 8Harb HHKOIIa, HasBaTh xe eroTelepb Kapsyuiek 
6H0 6H HeENpHIHIHO. 

-— BH He CMTe?—HaKIOHHBOIMCh Hab HOCHIKaMH, CIIpo- 
curb Dlypa, ronocoMb BHyaBas ce6s. 

.— ,Onn“, Balle Onaropogzie, HuYero He CUHMMYTb,—0xa- 
ayute Bb OKOID, Celiqach YaW 8aBapATh,—oOpeaTuicA Kb HeEMY 
Makapb TpoduMoBuysb, BeCbM&a HeUBONBHHA 9TOoH ceHnol. 
»CHIbID OH TH, NHTOWMIa, Ha CBOeMb MBCTB! Toe whseTh! ‘— 
YMaNIb OHD UW BICPBHE MOFYBCTBOBAIS 306y WpoTHBB cwa- 
Garo OesToNKOBaro Odunepa, He CyMBBMaro MO0HTH Cb IH- 
CTHMB CepiieMb Jake KO BCBMH -106MMOMY KalluTadHy. 

BB ,OKOIB“ KADATORR OHI ye TOTOBL WH Merb pasro- 
BOpb 0 yab, KoTOparo HH y Koro He 6H10. BcnoMHHaH OOD. 
OusHIyKB HW O TOMB, ITO Bh O*ALEPCKOMB BEWOKS JOWKeHD 
OHJIb OHTh H Ya, H Caxaps. TyTb ToBKO Dlypa BcooMHHaeTh 
O6CTOATENBCTBA, IPH KOTOPHXS ONAHYYKS OcTasca Ha NosHin. 
EMy Cb OCJIHKOMB BOBCe He CIBIOBAIO OHTb Ha NosHuin, HO. 
ere 3a0iro 20 604, HeECMOTpA Ha UpotectH Kapazyimun, Mlypa 
IpHKasalb AeHWMUKY AepKaTbCH BOsMORHO OnuRe KB pOTs, 
CIHTAA CBOMM ONTOMb OTYIATL CFO OT TPYCOCcTH, Bb KOTO- 
pol OHB ero Tofso3spbBarb. A NOTOMh 3a0HIb 3a6laroBpeMeHHO 
YHaIuTb Cb MOsHiil... 

IlypB cTaHoBuTCH MYy4HTeJIbHO CTHJHO, HO CTHIIHO He Ile- 
peab ONAHYYKOMD, OHTh MO%KeTh MOTHOMMMS, H BO BCHKOMB 
cryyab DOCTpayaBliaMb 0 ero BUH, a Nepedb cousaramy, 
KOTOPHe, KOHCTHO, 3HaWTh BCH UCTOPiW HM Tellepb, NOAb Upe- 
JOTOMB Ya H Caxapa, BCHOMHHAaNTB 06% QOJIAHYYKH TOKO: 
WA Toro, ITOOH yKONOTA ero, Iypy,—lUlypa Bb sToM> coBep- 











IIPOTHBS COABIA. 7 


mleHHO yBbpeHb H MOTOMY NocIbOIBO NoOBOpaqMBacTca Ha Ipy- 
roH 60Kb H UpPHTBOpPseTCA COADLUMS. 

— Bors ceftyact, cefyacs!..— TyMasb On'b, IPHCTYIWIMBaACh 
Kb pasroBopy comlars. 

Cepane ero MYTHTCIBHO CTYIHTS, 3YOH CHATH NO 6O1H 
HBCKOJBKO YRACHHXS MAHYTH XMETE OHS Yapa, HO Mado 10 
Maly yOBxaeTCH, ITO CONMATH He TONbKO He yupekaWTs ero 
HH Bb YeMb, HO Jake co6orbsHyWTb eMy. 

Kro-To BCNOMHHaeTb, ITO BMBCTB Cb Bellamy potato 
WaJibTO, OYCHHO Xopomee DalbTo! ecTh Ha HEM TWpoOKa, BB- 
POATHO TanHpocoH Mpoxrue,—Ho ele OVeHb xopomiee, py6rek 
MeCATh B8ATb MORHO“... O BeMaxb STHXb WHIAWTCA BCAKIA 
iIpeqnomoxeHia, KOMY OHB AOCTaHyTCA,—CcomaTy wIH Oure- 
py?—,Hspbcrao—opuneph orT6epers‘...—,Kakb ordepers?— 
OTo OpaTrb He Toro!...—,OdeHHO MpOocTo, AacTb NONTHHEAKS w 
oTé6eperb, 6YITO ry nmr! HemrTo odbunepcroe TlaIbTO OCTABATS 
comzaty!..* 

06% OnanayKb TOBOpUAN POBHO NOCTOMbKY, NOCKONbKY 9TO 
HM'BIO OTHOMeHie Kb Beam’, HO HH O HEM, HH O APyfHXxb 
OCTABJCHEHXS Ha NO3HLiA HIM Bb raoIdHb BO BpeMA OTCTYI- 
neHif, He CUpallHBaia WM He TOBOPHIH,—Kakb 6yTO Ux HH- 
koraa H He OHIO Bb pors. 

— Hy, weyero TYTS ABHKH YecaTh!—pekpaTHuIb pasroBoph 
Maxapb TpodHMoBnyd, KOTOPOMY He DOHPaBHJICA IpoTecTyN- 
mii TOHR H caMoe pefnouomenie 0 HeMUHYeMOME OTOOPAHIY 
WaubTO AMOHCKHMb O@HIECPOMB y AMOHCKaro xe couyata.— 
[osopy, y koro aali ecb. 

— JjonxHo 6HTb y IpoxopoBa ecTb. 

IlpoxopoBh CTOATb HapyRHHMb YaCOBHM%, HO, BHUMATeJb- 
HO UPHCIyMMBAaCA Kb TOMY, YTO FOBOPHNOCh BHHSY Bb 3eM- 
JIHHK'S, H MOTOMY CBepXy TOTIACh-Ke pasasicn ero TONOC. 

— Paspbuiute cotitu, rocnoyquHh hesbadeserb, y MeHA Tal 
eCTb. 

— Van cwna, a crbaywomiit xapepxs!—npukasanrb Makaph 
TpodumoBnuTs. 

IIpoxoposBt, coHa# BHA3b, O6NeryeHHO B8AOXHYNb HW payo- 
CTHO OFIADXBIb BCBXS,—HABePXY, BHTMMO, OHIO eMY He OYeHb 
Beceno. BHTaniaBb H8b KapMaHa pasHHA MeJKIA BEIM, OHS 
CTab Me JICHHO-BHBOPaIHBaTh CaMHH KAapMAHb HW, HaKkOHeI{s, 
BHCHMaIb Bb MPUrOpmIHW TO-TO,—NOBHAMMOMY, cMBCb Kpo- 
mekb xrb6a, Maxopku H Yax. Makapb TpopuMoBHIb TOKO 
NOKPYTHIb HOCOMS, HNOXHYBS STY CMBCh, HO HHGELO He CKa- 
38Ib H TWATeNIbHO BHCHNAaIb BCe Bb KOTeNORS, KOTOPHH 
ocrb sToro CHOBa OA NOCTaBIeHb Ha OFOHb. 

Yepest HBCKOIEKO MHHYTB Makaps TpodumMoBuyb noma 
Hlypb kpyxky 4af 4 BHCHIaIb Ha MIMHeIb TopeTh cyxapell. 


8 HadH Q b. 


Kpy&ka, cibilahhad W8b KeCTAHOM OaHKH 43b TOb MACHHXB 
HHTCHAAHTCKHXS KOHCEPBOBD, BHIIANBIa OYCHb He alMeTHTHO; 
ial“ CHIbHO OTTaBarb TabakoMb, HO HeCMOTpA Ha 3To Iilypa, 
OOKHTad PyKH HW y6H, Cb HAaCHaxyeniemMb [NOTAIb TropAxAtyH 
wHIKOCTh. Makapb TpodpHMOBAYb OHM CBOHMB IIpucyt- 
CTBICMB CIraxHBaIb BCH MIePOXOBAaTOCTH, HO KOra OHS YWeIb 
Habepxh 00uTb panewaro, Ulypa noyyBcTBOBarb ce6a HeJIOBKO 
Hepelb couatamMa. . 

— QOruero HHKTO He DbeTh 4al?—cuopocuib on’ Hephmu- 
T@JIbHO. 

Ho confaTtH, TBCHHBMIeCA OKONO KOCTpa, NpodomKaH 
YHOpPHO CMOTPBTb BE OFOHb H TOP2XeCTBEHHO MONUaIH, HAKTO 
yame He OO6€pHYJICA Bb eO CTOPOHY, Kak OYTO TO, ITO OHD 
CKazab, He 8aCyXHBAIO HHKaKOrO BHHMAaHiA. BHOaBD cBol 
ya, [lypa octopoxHo, cTapascb He oOpaTuTb Ha Ce6a HB- 
Wbere BHHMAHiA, NOCTABHJTb HA 3eMJIN DYCTYO KpPyRKyY, HO 9TO 
TOTUACh we BaMBTHUNH HW KPyXKY CTaNH HanOJHATb BTOPOH 
pasb. Bch om HBHINCh, UPHHHMAaA HuBbUDIee yracTie. —,,OcTO- 
poxkHO ,He Iporel“...—,COyHb, CMOTPH Ibul0e OpeBHO -NIH- 
BeTs!—Korga Ulypb noxann nomHyd KpyxXky, OHS CHOBAa CIpo- 
CHIrb:—,,IT0-Kb HHKTO He DberTh uah?~ — ,leite, Bame 6maro- 
poniel—Kymafire na 3n0poBbe!“—oTBBTuI0 cpasy HBCKObKO 
FONOCOBh, & MOJON0H TaTHb, 6e3ycHii, BBYHO BeCeJIHM WHO- 
a, 10 DposBakiW ,,.MaJIbInmka“, Kb kKoTOpoMy Illypa 4yB- 
CTBOBATE OCObeHHYN CHMNAaTIN, NPHBBTAHBO YAIHOHYJIca eMy H 
KPHKHY Jb. 

— Mu 6e85 caxapa HH 4a, HH Kodew He TbeMb, Bale 
6maroponie. 

— A TH, M&JIbaMika, Kode BHIBIb? 

HM ochTatHcb OOHYHHA OCTpoTH. ,Masbiuuika“ Bcerya 
YMBIb OTBBTHTh HAXOXYMBO MW Jepsko, axe camoMy Makapy 
Tpodumosnyy, KoTOpHH Dhiarb emy HBKOTOpOe NocuabmeHie 
H Jake MOBSBOIANb Clerka ,pascocy.1HBaTh“, T. €. BCTYMaTb Bb 
CHOpH, ITO G6esycNOBHO BOCHpenlaoch BCBMb ApyruMd coula- 
TaMb POTH. 

ConzaTH DIYMHO OoTatd, cubasuch, He o6pamasn Ha Iilypy 
HHKaKOrO BHUMAHIA, OTYerO TOMY CTalo Werue H OHS CNOKOHHO 
HONK BTOPyl KpyxRXky. 

Bepuysica Maraps Tpodumosuys. 

— Hy, ckoupKo sBacb TyTb? [lath 4TO 2u?.. PakeHHXb-TO 
IATh YHOBBEB?... 

PaHeHHXb AbUCTBHTCIBHO OHIO OATH NOBBK, BCB CBoeH 
poTH H BCB paHeHH Jerko ye BO BpeMA OTCTYINeHIA, Upu- 
‘cTaBInie Ke PaHeHWe Apyrux wacTelt He OcTaNuCh Up pors, 
& YUM Kya-TO Bb TeEMHOTY HCKaTb. UpiNTa, 38 HCKINYeHieML 
OWHOrO CTpBikKa, KOTOPHH OTb Jas OTKasascA. Makap T'popa- 








DPOTEBS COABIA. 9 


MOBHYb KPHTHYCCKH NOCMOTPBI Bb KOTCIOKS HW XOPA HHYErO 
HE CKadab, & TOMbKO B8OXHYTh, HO Bb STOMD Bax Iilyph 
TOY AWICH yUpekb 88 BTOpyW KpymKY HW OHS BeCh BCINX- 
HYVb, werO Kb CyacTbW AA HerO HHKTO He BUSI, TAakb 
KaKb KOCTePh Oropadb HW Bb AHMHOW 3eMIAHKS 6y0 0CTAa- 
TOUHO TEMHO. 

— ‘Yro-xb, 10 Dorb-Kpyxku Ha Opata xsBaTuTs! Pas6n- 
pal pe6ata!—npukasai> Makaps Tpodumosuats. 

PaheHhie, NOKPAKHBaA, IPOTHCKHBANHCh Blepeyb Kb OFUN, 
OCTaJIbHHe Cb rpyOHMEb AO6porymiemb MyTHIK uw OMOranH 
HMB. 

Pasybuntb yall MOpoBHy Baath Ha ce6a Kpacnonepost, 6a- 
padaHIqHKh H 3airbBaso. 

— Maxapt Tpodumonuys, TyYTh H BAM XBAaTHTb,—Hepbmu- 
TCIbHO CKasarb OH. 

— Jlakalite, takaiite!—rpy6o oTBbruyb TOTb, NOBHIHMOMY, 
BCENBIO NOTIOMeHHHH CKPYIHBAHieMS WallMpocH. 

KpacHoleposb yOBIeTBOPHICA 3THMb OTBBTOMB H OCTO- 
POXHO CTANb 06aBIATh Bh KaxyO Kpyxky, a 38aTbMb 
NOMHECh KOTCNIOKS KO PTY WH OXHUMD [IOTROMb BHM OCTa- 
TOKb. Korma OHb Cb MIYMOM MOCTABHIb KOTCIORD Ha 8eMJIN, 
TOPKeCTBCHHAA THIIMHA, WapuBllad Bb 8eMJIAHK'B BO BpeMd J'b- 
wexa, OHIa HapyileHa OBIHMb B3PpHBOMb ULYTOKS H OCTPOTs; 
BCB KaszaiuCh TAKHMM BeCCIHMH HW YOBJETBOPeCHHHMH, Kak 
-OYATO Kaxiwi BHI, 00 Kpalinet mbpb, 00 Kpyars. 


IX. 


BaybTb 9TUXb HeUpHHyxXeHHO HM BeCeNO 6ONTABLUAXE J0- 
ye, COsHaBaTb ce6H HeCHOCOOHHMD NPHHATD yyacTie Bb Xb . 
6Gecbab 6n10 Qa Ilyph HeBHHOCHMO TAKeN0, TaAKeIO THMb 
Gombe, 4TO CMYTHO OHS CO8HaBbab, ITO MPOCTHXb 4 ACHHXD 
CIOBb, HYKHHXb JNA pasrowopa Cb Y9TUMH AWM, OHS HE 
HaXxOWHIb He MOTOMY, ITO He OHIO AXb Y Hero BB ToNOBh, a 
He OHIO HXb y Hero Ha cepaub. BBAb yMBIB me OH FOBO- 
PHTb Cb COUaTaMH W He TakKb jaBHo! Ene KaleTOMb CTap- 
Maro Kiacca Upibsxanh OH Kb OTUY Ha KaHMKYJIH HW Tora 
KOHpy3sniica HW H8Obrarb oOmecTBa OHepoBh, & APyKXHITE 
Cb COJMaTaMH, OCO6eHHO Cb KOHWXaMH HeECTpoeBOH pOTH, rab 
qacTo 6parb Jomazei W Bb TO BpeMA HaXOAUNb O YeMb MOroBo- 
PHTb, HAXOTHIB CIOBa, a TEHeph IYBCTBOBAd Ce6H TAKAMS 
WalekKuMb H YYRUMD STAM KE COMmATAMh, Kak'h OYATO ABHICA 
OHS U3b Apyroro Mipa. 

Iilypa BcTarb H NOTHXOHDKO, HHKOLO He TpeBOwRa, BHIMCTb 
H3b 3€MIAHKH. ComgaTH, Kazanocb, He OOpaliaiH Ha Hero HH- 


1@ . HAH I b. 


KakOro BHUMAaHIA, HO KOrga OH CKpHcaA O6apadanmuKs Kpac- 
HONepOBh HACMBIMNIABO DOMMMTHYIB eMy BCIBIS MU paspasHcs 
XOXOTOMD, Apyrie comaTH Tome TeMY-TO 3aCMBAIMCh. 

—Hy-Hy!—kpukay7b Ha HHXd Makapb TpodamMosnys. 

Coulamy IIpHTHX1H WM HacTpoeHie HBCKONBKO UpHMOAHATOe 
cpasy yoano. KpacnonepoBb 3a0yMIMBO MeBeIMTh Natkol 10- 
ropapoiit koctTep'p. 

— A 4TO, pe6aTa, Teleph 3HaiuTh 10 Xap6una?—THuXxoO ciIpo- 
CHIL OD. 

HukrTo emy He OTBBTHIIb. 

— Hbrs, no Xap6mHa ene pao, CKasHBaNTbB elle Bb 
TperHHb DosHis, OROUH yoxe TOTOBH,—0crb MHBYTHOK Mays 
CKazalb OH Take TAXO, TIPO ce6sH. 

XOXONb, TOTh CaMHii, KOTOPHH BO BpeMA OTCTYNNeHIA 
IIBHPHYT BHHTOBKY H BCe BpeMA CHISS WOOMalb OTb Apy- 
THXb HW VIPHMO MONG, MOHAN FomoBy. 

— 4Y4oro BOHH XOTATh?—BOCKIMKHYIb OHb Cb OTURAHICMDb 
Bb roiocb.— Joma XHHKAa WM DHTH 6e8b xb6a CHIATH, 2 OHH 
MeHe TYTb TONOBy MOpOUyTH... 

— TH y MeHA pascyxial, IOPTOBb xBOCTD! —3106H0 BCKPHK- 
HYIb Ha Hero’ embAdeserw. 

XOXO01b, PaMuTia KoTOparo 6uNa DbicTBaTeNbHO XBOCTS, 
o6nabca. 

-- Ie a H He pascyxyaTh Fomxenb! A ROMY Ke H paacy- 
KTATb, AKb Y HAavyabcTBa He XBaTa yate. KaxyTb, WOu0RH 
MyOly cBOW 8& BUpy, WapsA H OTeIeCTBO,—ycKai Takb!.. BHPH 
Halle HHUKTO He Tporasyrb, Uapb BOHHH He XOTUBB, Tal HARTO 
ee He XOTHBB, & Ake me Le MHB oTrevecTso? CaM KaBeIbAHb 
wa wyMusa!.. Och Hach U ObWTB!.. 

Makapy Tpodumospayy oFeHb He DOHPAaBHIHCh 9TH pascy- 
Kenia, H OHb yxRe COOpancaA OHIO NPUMBHAATS CaMHA CTPOTia 
MBpH, 2a6H O6y3aaTb sTOrO xXOXNa, KOTOParo MHICICHHO yare 
HasBab OYHTOBOIHKOMS, HO Bb pasrOBOph HeoRwTaHHO BMB- 
masicd CaMH CTapmi 00 roqaMb ComuaTh, yHTepb-opunepsh 
H3b 3alacHHXxt, No npospanib) ,Jiana Monax*. 

»Alia Monaxa* HeqaBHO TOIbKO npuznanu, Kakb BHPaka- 
JHCbh CONZAaTH, “3b Poccin, HO OHb ye 3aBo0eBaIb ceOb noN0- 
meHie Bb pOTh H XOTA He KOMAHDOBaIb BSBOXOMb, & CTOAIDS 
Bb PALY, Kb HEMY OTHOCHIIHCh Ch OONbIINMB yBaxkeHieMb 
CIYMAaHCh, TAK Kakb CIYROY ONL WHACTBUTeIbHO JNO6HIFS 
H 3HaTb XOPOMO, HO HeCuacTie ero #XH3HH B3AKIUaOCh Bb 
TOM’, 4YTO OH CIHOMIKOMb TBepLO ycBourb ce6b commaTcrilf 
KATeCXH3HCb, KOTOPHH DOXb HasBaHieMb ,°IOBeCHOCTH* mperio- 
MaeTCA MOJOIHMD CONfaTaMb. Ob CIMTAIb BCAKArO commata 
CTOADIUMB HeH3MBPHUMO BHIMe BCAKALO ,,BOUbHaro*, HO COMLaTh 
Nev6b-rpeHafepckaro OPHBanCKaro oka, — OHS OTONBaID 








TIPUTHBS COMHDA. 11 


BOHHCKY) NOBHHHOCTS Bb sTOMb OAKY, — CTOAIb UpepHiie 
BCBXb; Cb 9TOH TpeHagepckoH TOIRH BphHiA TPAaKTOBab OHD- 
BCe OKpyataloiiee H MOTOMY, eCTeCTBeHHO, HHI YRHTECA He 
MOrb, OHNG Waske WOCIYLNIHBKOMb Bb K&aKOM’b-TO MOHACTHPS, 
xB ero nepBoe BpeMA OFeH BHAI 38 HCHONHATeCIbHOCTb 
CYPOBOCTh, HO H OTTYNa Upuuinoch ylitu. Tellepb, Momapb 10 
MOO6HIIH3anin Bb UpocTtow OBXOTHNH NOK, OH AYBCTBOBAIS 
ceOH OCKOPONeCHHHMB Bb CBOCMb JOCTOHHCTBS, pyralb BCBS, 
CMBaIcH Hab BCBMH 4 Take cb Makapomp TpopduMoBHieMs 
NHKHPOBaJICA, HAaMeKAA Ha TO, ITO eMy, PpeHafepy, He MpucTato 
NOMYHHATECA KAKOMY-TO ,ITBXOTHOMYy* dedbadesenw. Makapd 
TpodumMoBayb Oonuca ,MoHaxa‘’, Tak’b Kakb BULB, ITO WoO- 
SRMTLCH. HA STOTO YeENOBBKA OHIO HHKAaKS HeJIb3A, & BIAHIe Ha 
6ombe MONOLHXS CONLaTS Ob HMBIDB U Binnie BpeqHoe. Bea 
9T& BOHHA, TAKb Kakb Bb Heli He IPHHUMAIH yUACTIA KaBKasckie 
rpeHayepyH, Oha, 10 ero MH'BHIN , WICBHMb, HAYero He CTOWNIAMbL 
rbiomb“. Cb oToH TOUKH 3pbHiA OHS H OOBACHAND COWMATAaMb 
Dpoxcxogzsmia co6ntTia. Pas6unu ryb-TO AHBH3iN, YHHITOKMIA 
NONKb, HO Kakoh?—mnpoctoH OBXOTHHA MOJKS, 0 KOTOPOMS, KO- 
H€4HO, He CTOHNO CepbesHO roBopuTD!—,HemTo sTO MONKS! TH, 
GpaTh, HACTOAINUX'’S MOIKOBS elle He BU Lab! “—Bpa3syMIAIb OHS 
KakOro-HH6yib CONMAaTHKA CBoOeH poTH. 

Pascyapenia XoxXuIa 0 RHHRB H WHTAXD He NOHPABHIHCh 
»Monaxy“, HO OHS Bb UMKy Henmbadedenw pbuANb Momep- 
MATh eV. 

— JTO TH BBpHO, Hruars, — ckasaslb OH, NOWePKUBaA 
CBOHMD OOpanieHiemb 10 HMeHH Tpy6ocTh cembAhebena.—ITo 
BBpHO TO BbpHo! [apb BoA He xOTbb! KHab6H OHb Bh Cypbesh. 
BOeBaTh XOTBIb, TO OPHCIaNb OH CHAA BapiW, aw rpeHa- 
qepb, & He IWBXOTY BCAKYN... 

Makapa TpodyMoBnya CKOPYBIO OTh 9THXb CHOBS. 

-—— YTo TH 3pa 6onTaemb! crapHii comjaTbh, — MOCTHAMJICA 
6u! Passpb He BCe paBHO,—4TO rpeHaswepH, 4TO mbxoTa? 

— Bee pasao?.. Ilo trBoemy sHadHuTs, ITO rBapis, ITO WeH6b- 
rpewayepH, uTo’ 1BxoTa, To Bce paBHo!.. Hbrb, Opars, 9TO Wa- 
zum! [lotomy-To H He NPHCHAAWTS CWAa STH NOUKH, ITO OHH 
JIA CepbesHaro bla HYKHH, & CHA TAaKb... MYRHKOBb Ha- 
THI, ITOOL He OaOBAIHch 3p NO DepeBHAMB!.. Ka6H On 
3'BCb TpeHawepH, HeNITO cTaiH OH OHH OTCTyNAaTh? 

.— Ubmb xe rpeHazeph Tyqwe Apyruxs nonkosh? Hapoab 
TOTB 2Ke, IPHCAra Ta Re, yCTaBh TOTh me, TeHepann Th ae! 
Ka6n OHH 30bcb rpeHazepH, TO H rpeHawepH OTCTyNuIH On, 
NOTOMY HaBuTh ,OHb“! a ThMB Oorbe, ITO y ,,nero“ BCe BB 
akkyparb, a y Hach 4TO? XoTA OW Hall'b OPHTatqBH,—NbABYYTS, 
CHAUTD H lbeTb, CMY HU TOpA Maio! — Cb TopeybwO YTOBOPHIE. 
Makap>b Tpodumosuy?. 


12 HAH JI ». 


OTHM® HEBONBHHMb UPHshHabieMb HaMIMXb HeMOCTATKOBD, 
Makapt TpoduMmonuys cpa3sy cOu1b cb nosnuin ,Monaxa” u 
SaBOeBaTb COUYBCTBIe BCBXB CuyimateneH. Y ANOHWa BCe Bb 
akkypaTsb! Paspb 9To He Takb? He roBopa yxke 06% aMMYHUUIE, 
HO H& NPOCTHXh COMATAaXh HAaXOUWIH Taki BeIH, Kakb OH- 
HOKJb H KoMuach!.. Copopuau sch cpasy, kaxIWi BCHOMHHalb 
cBOH o6n2H. Bapyrb NOAHAICH TemaBmifi Bb yYrIy comarTs 
CTPbIOKb, OpHcTaBmili Kb poTb RO BpeMA OTCTyMIeHia. CTpb- 
JOKb OWNb pakewb Bb Ipyb UM Bb HOry, KpOMB TOro HMB 
OHb yxe reopriesckii Kpecrs 3a Badanroycckit 60%; mosTomy 
Maxaps Tpodumosuys, He Bb EpuMBpb WpowMs, paspbmuasS 
eMy OCTaTbCaA Up pors. 

— Bors, 6paTub, NoqTalite, ITO ANOHeLb MMMeTb,—ckKa- 
3aJlb OHb, UPOTAruBaA 6yMaxkKy. 

— 9To 3To? Orkyna?—cb OesmokolicTBoMB cupocuib Ma- 
Kapb Tpodumosy ts. 

— Bb okOUH HaMb HOUbW Hadpocasy... MHOrO OHNO, a 
OmullepH OTOMPAaAIH,—OTBBTHIb CTPbIOKb, YKIaIHBaAch Bb 
CBOeMB yIly. 

Maxkapy TpoduMoBHyy xXOTBIOCh H CaMOMy oTOOpaTb  Oy- 
MAKKY, HO Ci'blaTb 3vTO OHB He NocmMbub. ByMaxkol (9TO 
O6Hla ANOHCKaA MpokwaMallia MeyaTanHad Ha rekTorpadjh) 3a- 
Babb ,Jiaws Monaxtb“, YBCTBOBaBOIIN HeOOXOMMOCTb 
peadHIATHpOBaTh Cce6A Bb riasaxd ToBapumed. 

»Pycckie CousaTH!—Haialb OH WATaTb.—BH xpadpHe H 
YeCTHHE WOH, H MH He XOTHM'’S BACb YOUBATh, HaMb HeNPIATHO 
paTbCA Cb BaMH, HO MOJMTHKA Ballero UpaBUTeNbCTBAa BHHYRK- 
aeTbh HaCb B3ATbCA 3a Opyxie. Pycckoe 1paBuTebCcTBO CucTe- 
MaTHYeCKH HallayaeTb Ha coche a oOuxKaeTh UXb. OHO yrue- 
TaeTh HapoAs Bb Ilonburb, Ha Kaprasb, Bb Typkectan'b, BB 
(PHHJIAHIIW; OHO NOCHIaeTh TYTa CBOH BOHCKAa HW 38acTaBAeTb 
HX MpOUHBaTb KPOBb CBOW H Iyxyw. Tenepb pycckie Boman 
BB Manuxypin. Uro, uMb 3fbcb HyxHO? semua? Ho semua 
3BCb BCH 38HATA, & Y pyccKaro Haponwa uM CBOeH seMIH O- 
BOJIbHO, HO KPeCTbAHE He MOLYTh €l0 NONb30BaTbCA, NOTOMY ITO 
UXb OOMKANTh YAHOBHHKH HM ABOpAHe, HO pasBh kpecTbaHe 
KuTalickie H AMOHCKie BHHOBATH Bb TOMB? Pass kpeCTbAvaM’b 
KHTaHUaMb WM ADOHUaMb Nerko xXuUBeTCA?.. Sa ITO Ke XOTUTE 
BH Tellepb BOeBaTh Cb HaMH? Pycckie comzaTH,—3HaHTe 4TO 
IIpaBATeIbCTBO Balle OOMAHHBAaeTH Bach, OHO NOCHIaeTh Bach 
Ha HelpaByl0, HEXOPOMyW BOHHY, MOCHIaeTb Bach Ha BBPHYD 
rHu6e1b, MOTOMY-TO, 3HaliTe, HH4TO Bach He ClaceTh! Copbryems 
BaMb yxouuTe ckophbe u3b Mauumypi WH He OKasHBaliTe 6¢e3- 
WONesHaro COUPOTHBIeHIA CONZaTamMB Crpann Bocxoyamaro 
Connya*... 

CoTHv, THCAUH TAaKUXh MpoKlaMalli pasOpacHBanHch Ha 











TIPUTHBS CUABHA. 13 


PYCCKHXS WO3HUiAXb, HO OH'B OOHKHOBEHHO He MpousBOnHIH 
mReNaemaro o*pekta, HXb HaNWWeHHHU, CAMOyBBpeHHHH TOHD 
HHOTMWa ake pastpakatb comlarb, HO oTa NpoKNaMania Oba 
ayiie Halucava H IMTaIach Bb TakOH MOMeHTD, Korma OHa He 
MOrga He DponsBecTH BoeIaTIbHIA. 

— Hy u cBon0ub xe Hapodb, 9TH KHTae3H! —BOCKIMKHYIb. 
OAHHb H8b CuyMatTeel, HAPYMIMBA THMMBY BOWAapuBMywca 
NOcIB 4eHiAl UpPOKNaMallH. 

— Jlypaxs! HeniTro 9To kuTaelb wumerh? OTo ATOHeITb 
TumieTt! A TH, KHTae3H!.. OXb, TH!..—paslaoch Cb pashHXh 
CTOPOHS. 

— A A Takb [yMa0,—ckOHyxeHHO 3adopMoTaNb coma- 
THK'S,—ANOHELE TAKMMS WHIOMb He CTAHeETh 3€HHMATbCA, 3a- 
{TBMB eMy DucaTb? A Bce OH, CTepBal.. H HaDIMM'S, H BallHMD!.. 
VW BH, WecKaTb, xopomlie 11H, H ANOHUH, a YTO eMy HayOTb. 
HM He paséepemp!.. 

— He pas6epenmmp!.. teréxa!.. Oxb obo nuMmers!.. IIpoTuss 
COJHUa, TOBOPUTh, IPOTHBS UpaBAWH BOowWH—He BOWK,—HAIeTO 
He noybraenib! Both ITO OHB Dummer... Momgarb 6H yo, 
Kou Bors o6unbars!.. 

Bcb, Kasajoch, OHM OO KeHH 3a ABTOPOBh Upokamalin u 
pyram 6baHaro comaTuka Takb, ITO OHS Make OTOMBAHYJICA 
OTH KocTpa Bray6b. Kaxoqh KOMMeCHTHPOBaTb MpokaMallii 00 
CBOeMY. | 

_— Y Hero eCTb rBapais, BOTh OBB HH KYpamRuTCA,—roBo- 
pup ,Monaxn“. 

— dHaIWTh Cb BOCXONa CONN HAIHETh OATS 6UTb,—CKa-- 
3a’b KpacHonepoBh, H CpeqM MHOTAXS Apyruxd coobpaxeniti 
9TO, KaKb OTHOCHBMIeecA HeMOCpeACTBEHHO KB TeKyMIeMY MO- 
MeHTY, MOKazamo0cb HavOonbe MHTepecHhMb.—Cehyach 6OnTb 
HawHeTh, 3TO BBPHO, yxKe CBBTACTE... 

— BH TYTb Tue, a A HA 3aCTAaBH TpolAy,—nowHMMaACch 
ckasaIb Makapsb TpodumMoByuys. 

Hapepxy, WBiucTBUTeIbHO, yxe cBBTano. BHO CHPOu BBT- 
penHo. TyTb xe Tepe seMIAHKOH B8ab HW Bhepexb Obrars 
Illypa. OHS BeCh CKOPYHICA UM ApORaNb OT XONONa; KATeIb 
Ha HeMb CMAJICH, OoeBOM PeMeHb Cb PeBONbBEPOMb OTBHCH- 
MOUTH NO KOH, Walllka GesmoMONIHO GOoTamach, saleTadch 
BB Horaxt, 4 Ilypa, 3anoxaBh pyKku Bb Pykasa, IOKTeM M0- 
IpaBIANb ee, PacKayHBaACh IPH 9YTOMb CaMHMB HeTbOHMS 
O6pasoMb BCBMb TYJOBULEMB HM He AOralWBaAch CAbIaTb 9TO 
_ pyko#,—emy OHIO He HO MalMkKu: HAaxIO06yauBb Pypaxky Ha 
CaMHA YOIH M HH3KO ONYCTUB YToOBY, OHS OHCTPO Iara, 
He samM'buaga, He BHAA OKpyxXalwillaro, He 4yBCTBYA ame ca- 
moro ce6a. [leppow MHcaIbO Makapa Tpodumopniya Ob0 Mpen0- 
%HTb CMY UIHHEb, HW OH CI'biaIb HaBCTpbyy HBCKOABKO. Wla- 


14 HAHQ . 


TOBb, HO OCTaHOBHICA, UponycTuns Ulypy Mumo, nocmoTphip 
BCIBIS H, 3I06HO ONINHYBS, MOWeTb UpAMO 0 WOporb Ha 
3aCTAaBY. 

— 9-a! Yoprs Bach Bcbxb BosbMu! Hanincb elle Cb Bama! 
Moro Bac’ TyTh!—H nvonro ene Makapb Tpodumosayp py- 
rab Ipo ce6a KakKHXb-TO, Bb HXb YHCTB u Iilypy. A Ilypa 
npononcanrb Obratb, He NofosphBad Toro, yTo ero BULBS Ma- 
kapb TpoduMoBuyb, ITO HapyxXHHH wacoBOoH ye WaBHO Cb 
HeOyMBHieMb HAaGIWAAeTh 38 HAM. 

Illypa 4yBCTBOBaTh Cce6A OLBHOKHME, 3a0POMIeHHHMS cpewH 
STHXS TAOMAHOBHX) NONel W aTO TYBCTBO, COsHaHie TOrO, ITO 
OH CaMOCTOATEIBHO HCHONHAETS KAKYW-TO poh, He€eTh OTBBT- 
CTBCHHOCTD 388 IWBIYH POTy, 8acTaBIAIH cepyme ero TpeleTaTb 
OTh Topzoctu wcTpaxa. OMBCTPOHTS TeCATKH U1aHOBd, TO OHS 
Cb poToh mpo6uspaetca KB Iloprs-Aptypy, To uzeTb Bb Kopen: 
TO OHB yMupaeTh, TO H8paHeHHHH ocTaeTed HAT HT. I, H 
T. ., HO DpH BCBXS 9THXb KROMOMHALIAXE Donen yOuBalb OAD 
OeslonlaiHo THCAYAMH, JeCHTKAaMH THCAYS, WH CBOUXD, H TY- 
KUXb. CHaiala OH YLOBMETBOPANICA TOINMU WAdpaMu,— yOuTO 
CTOJIbKO-TO, HO CKOpO 3TH YenoBbyeckia rekaTOMOH He Wabash 
ye TOTO Ollymesia, MowTH cHangotrpactHaro, KOTOparo OH 
HCKaJIb; IPHUI0Ch UAPPH 3aM'BHATb JHUaMH H, KOHCTHO, 3Ha- 
KOMHMH. YmMupalb Makapb Tpodumosuth, yYMHpaltb MYTTeIb- 
HOM, HO repoHckoH cMepTbW, 10 KOHIa Cpaxkascbh Cb BparoM’b 
K Bb HOCIBXHOW MHHYTY OHS BAPYb HAIHHaTb DOHHMATE, 
Kak’ HellpaBh OWN OHb 10 OTHOMeHiW KB Ilypb. Yuupadu 
oO oyepenu BC 3sHakoMHe H TOBapHIM, A BCB Up XHeHH 
OHM BHHOBaTH nepent Illypok wu yMHpad MYHIHCh CO3Ha- 
HieMb CBOe HeNpaBOTH; HBKOTOpHe yCcibBatH MpHMHpuTbCA 
cb Ilypou, apyrie nbrh; HBROTOpNe yMUpan, MOTOM BOCKpe- 
CaJH JIM TOPO, YTOOM YMepeTb ene pas CMepTbw elle Some 
MYYHTeIbHOH H CTpauIHow, a HBKoTOpHXd Mlypa upoqowKaTrb 
MYTHTh yate Noch cMepru, ra‘b-To Bb sarpooHoMs Mipb. Tans 
He 3aMBTHIb OHS, ITO HAaIaIO yxXe CBBTAaTh u, C1YIaHHO B3ruA- 
HYBB Ha BOCTOKL, Ch YAUBIeEHieMb YB, YTO H8b-3a MPH- 
TY TIHBO-OMaHOH JIHHIH TOPH80HTa yxXe BHIIATHBaIO Kpaeul- 
kom®b conHue. [[lypa kakb 6ynTO mpocHyca nocrb TAKeTaro 
cHa HW Cb TPpyYAOMb, Cb ycusiemb BosBpallaica Kb WBYCTBH- 
TENBHOCTH, HO MepBOW eFO MHICIbIO ObI0,—,3HaIHTb, celiac 
HayHeTca“!.. Uro HadHeTCa, OHS ACHO He mpencTaBIAIb ces, 
HO "TO-TO cTpamiHoe. Kpyromb Bce Bo Mr’b, BCe ene COUTS, 
HAKTETH OTHHXA, KaKLeTh 3a0BeHiA; yxXach BIepalHArO THA 
YTOMHIH BCBXb H HHKTO, HHYITO He XOYeTh MpOCHMaTsca, HO 
4YMOBHULe Ha BOCTOK'B yoke NPOCHYN0Ch HM MOKHO OHO Mpo- 
CTHMDb [Ias0Mb BUU'BTb, Kak'b MEQJICHHO, HO HEYKIOHHO, BIACTHO 
PasqBurad Mrdy, BHJIb3aeTb H38b-38 TOpb OYHeHHHH wWapb,— 


NPOTHBS COMMA. 15 


TO OHI HAaIHTHH KPOBbW, UNNaBMi HeHAaBHCTbW Tasb Iy- 
WOBMINa, TO OHIO CAMO 4YOBHIIe, BHWONsaBoIee Usb CBOoero 
JOTOBHINa, ITOOH HCKaTb H HakTH BparoB, cBouXb. [asd BH- 
KaTHBasICA, BCe OONbMe HU OOUbMIe HAIUBaACh KPOBbwWO, BCe 
CHIbHbe 3aropanch OCABOUTeIbHOH, CesnonaqHol HeHaBHCThN, 
MH BCe KpyroMh, Kas W8b STHXD THCAYD DIMPOKHXd, II0- 
CKHXb TaoAHOBHXb JIMCTbeBb, Kakb TOKO UPHKacalcA Kb 
HeOMY JYVb CBBTa, CTPAXHBAN Cb CeOA CON, ApPeMOTY, po- 
OyYKTaICA JH HeHaBHCTH WH OOpLOH CB AepskaMH MpHieb- 
WaMH, HAaPYUIMTeIAMH OKO 9ToH CTpaHH. 

Yynosunoje anmaso! Ilypa ayBcTBOBaNh 9sTO CMepTOHOCHOE 
UbixaHie, HEYJOBUMO-TOHKOe, HO OCTpoe Kakb OpuTBa, MposH- 
3BHBabilee HACKBO3b, OTb Hero Jelen BM Mosaru, 3saMupaso 
cepaue H KaxiHH MyCKYJb Oprah MegkKo, yacTo... LoMaATHH, 
Cb BOCHaJICHHHMH PiasamMH H BOCUaJeHHHM’b MO3roM®d, Tpellenla 
BCBMH MYCKYJaMH HM OTOHBaA Wpo6b sy6amu, Llypa On ma- 
NOKb, IO caMOMy ce6B Ka3asich CHIbHHM'b, 300POBHMb, PoTo- 
BHMb Ha BCE. | ) 

— Ilycrb, aycts tart! Bebé mpoTuBbh Hach, HO MN He 
OoumMca!—a06HO DleNTab OH'b, rposA KyakOMb Ha BOCTOKb.— 
My yMpeM®d aybcb, HO He yiieMb, He chanumca!..—a ocTpoe 
melanie yMepeTb HeMeZJICHHO, BOT celiyach, Ha 30 Bpary, 
TaKkb OXBaTHJIO CFO, ITO OHI OHS CuocobeHS BL STY MUHYTY 
make Ha caMoyoiscTBO. 

Bapyrbh ryb-TO Bb CTOpOHB pasyamuch ofMHoKie, WaBHo, 
WaBHO 3HaKOMHe S8BYKY,—Kakb OyATO Ha sapb, UpHBBICcTByA 
BOCXOAAIMee cONHUe, 3a0HIb Depetenb camellb,—TO OWJIb 
3BYKb ANOHCKOM BUHTOBKH: Ta-Taxb! Ta-Tax’b!.. HW TOTUACh Re 
Bb PasHHXb MBCTaXd OTOZBAIHCh H& BSTOTh UPUsHBb: Ta-Tax! 
Ta-tax'b!—,,Bcb wu Ha Mbctb? Bch an roTroBn“?—cnpalluBadi 
omHH.—,Bcb wa mbcrb! Bcb rotrosy“!—ypbpeaHo oTsbiasH 
qapyrie. 

Bogpo W Beceno HepekuuKanHch MexTy co6oH TauHCTBeH- 
HHe Bpard, OHNO OYeEBUHO, ITO 38 HOY OHH OTMHIHO BHCMa- 
UCh, OT/OXHYIH, Nob... Cb pacTepHHHHMH, BCTPeBOKEeH- 
HHIMH JIMWaM BHCKOINIH 3b BeMIAHKH MW CYeTHIHCh CO1aTH. 
Ilo gopor'b ObKanb Makaps Tpodumosuyb uu KpHyaN'b:—,,Bb 
pyxpe“!.. 

— Baume 6naroponie,—3annxaBlinch oTb ONCcTparo Gra, 
AOKMALNBaID oub Ulypb,—,uxb* ryctad UboOb HWzeTb, 3a- 
cTaBH Hauid yee oTcrymawrs... Hamb ON Toke IfBOb BH- 
Cath... 

— ja, 9TO HeOGxKOquMO.,. A ToKe TAK AyMalo—orTebrunp 
illypa, 3a#ATHH UCKIMIUTeIbHO TBM, ITO OHS BAPYLs, cpasy 
TIOYYBCTBOBaAIb CHIbHBiMee pascTpolicTBO wkKeayoka. Hyxuo 
GO WOObAHTb CeOA BO YTO OH Tu HH CTano. OTS BoTHeHin u 


16. '" HAHA S. 


HalpsAKeHid OHb NOOBIBIB H Kau XOHOQHArO OTa BHCTY- 
TMU Ha J6y. 

— LTocnogu, 3a yTo TH Co MHO Tak NOCTyNaemib!—MHC1eH- 
HO BocKIMKHYyIDb Ulypa, cb yxacoMb YYBCTBYA, ITO CMY yrKe 
TPYOHO CTOATh Ha HOrax'b. 

— Baume 6naroponie, nopyyars Bbnoropcrit BayTb,— oN0- 
RHIb KpachomepoBs. 

Iypa orusuyaca. Ob chaepa no joporb KpyuHo pHcbw 
Bxalb ohuleph Bb coupoBoxyeHia KOHHAarO OXxOTHHKA. Odu- 
epb OHNb BHCOKarO pocTa H Ha cBOeH KuTalicKoH J0malKB. 
CHUBIb Takb, ITO KONBHH ero OHNIH DNOJHATH FTA He BHITe 
XOJKH H OH'b, ITOOH COXpaHHTb paBHAOB Cie, HellpepHBHO pa6o- 
Tab JIOKTAMM Kakb. KPHJIbAMH. Takaa 33a UpuBeda ero Bb 
caMoe CKBepHoe pacnowoxeHie Ayxa HH NOTOMY, NOEBXaBS 
Kb POTb H COCKOUHBD Ha 3eMJIN, OHS Upempe Bcero BHPYrasb 
OXOTHHKa. 

— Bo3bmMu, noaweyt, cBOW omaqb H yOupalica Ko BCBMB 
yepTaMb!.. A # mpibxatb Mo Opukasaniw Balllero 6aTOUIKH 00- 
AyITh poTy,—o6patuica ond KB Llypb. — A By ato? Bom- 
HH?.. Ec O0JIbHH, MoxeTe yOupaTbca Ha BCB YeTHpe cTO- 
pOHH... BUpOTeMb WM Tak MOMeTe BxatTb... KcTaTH Bacb kKa- 
%KeTCA OaTbKa XOUCTH BHBTb... MOTOBOPHThb...—06aBUIb OH'Db 
YIHOasch UM OOHaxad CBOH 3alecHbBSBOie 3y6H. 

Ilypa HeHaBHybIb sTOTO MOpywHka 8a rpy6ocTh H 38a TO, 
TO TOTh HE CKPHBab CBoero Upespbuia w HeNWOBH Kb WeMy. 
Takb Hawai OHH OTHOCHTBCA APyrb Kb APyry cb wepBoli ate 
BCTpbuu. Tenepb, yBHI'BBb 9TOrO yeoBbKa, Llypa moxysBcTBo- 
Bab UPHIHBb OCTpOH Kb HeEMY HeHaBHCTH HM OTS BIAHieMh 
9TOrO YYBCTBA BHIBYAICA OTb CBOHXd CTPaxoOBbd. 

— Jia, a OouleHb... A MpocTyqHcs...—3106HO OTBBTHIS 
OHS, 

— Hy, o y6upaiitecs!.. A TH 4TO, cTapHii necb!—3aopamr, 
nopyquks wa Makapa Tpodumosnya.—lloywemy kanuTana He 
OTUPaBHIH Bb WTa6d Moka, KaKb OHNO WpHkasano?.. 51 BaMb 
TYTH DOKaxy, Mepsapou!.. Si Bach Hay4y... 

— 9TO A pacnopayuica... OH 3aabcb He UpH eM, — cka- 
aalb Ilypa. 

— flaxe pacnopaguauep!.. Hy, 1aqHo, NOCMOTpHM®... 1058- 
salire, Nobaxalite Bb MTabb...—yrpoxaoMuMb TOHOMB OTBB- 
THI MOpyyikb, BsObmMeHHHH BMBbUaTenbcTBOMB Llypy.— 
OxoTHuKD! [lonaw noxnopyyaky JIOMIayb HW OpoBOqu Xd BD 
uTa6b WoKa. 

Iilypa 6e3b AanbHBUMAXb pasroBopoBb CBA Ha TOWas 
H Nobxasb. BcooMHHIS OHIO O Kapryorb, HO PBMUMIb, ITO H. 
Oe3b Hero OOOHAYTCA UW pacnoOpsARATCA, H 3a YMAJICA Hal'b ThM'S,. 
yto bBuoropcki eMy, OYeBUAHO, YhMb TO yrpoxanrb. Ubup? 














NPOTHB)D COIHILA. 17 


lilypa ayBCTBOBaIb 3a Cco6oH CTONBKO BCAKUXB TpBXOBb, ITO 
NOCTaTOYHO OHNO ONHOTO HaMeka, ITOOH 3aCTABHTb eFO MYFHTHCA, 
TepsaTbCa COMH'BHiaMH. Takb OHHO H Telepb, XOTA OHS MOALO 
He MO OHATB, Ha YTO HaMeKalb HBBnoropcKii uw TONbKO, 
KOrgZa TOMbb3KaNb OH Kb DepeBu'b, Bb KOTOPOH DOMKeN'S OWI 
6HTb WTaOb DONKa, BCHOMHUIb OHS O BYepalIHeMh CBOeM'b 
pasroBopB Cb OTILOM. 


X. 


Muxavsb TaByoBuyb, NOJYIHBb NpuKasauie OTCTyLaTb, 10- 
JLYMAJ'D CHatata, ITO 8TO HeEWOpasyMBHie, a ONT MOKRETH axe 
MHCTHDUKALIA, TAKb MAJIO DOMYCKaIb Ob BO8MOKHOCTH OT- 
cTylsenis, HO TYTH Xe OPHWA0Ch eMy yOBAHMTSCA, ITO HuKa- 
KOrO HewopasyMBHIA Bb UpHKasanid 9TOMD ABTS, UH apMis, WBH- 
CTBHTeJIbHO, FOTOBUTCA Kb OTCTYNIeHIN. Comat wo opulepy 
ero MOKA, TaKKe KAR COMMATH HW O*UlepH APYuX’d MOTKOBD, 
NepBWH MOMeHTb He XOTBIH, He MOH BBPHTb OTCTYINeHIW, HO 
KOTTa OHH YBUA'BIM, ITO BOHCRA yoRe HAaIaNH OIHMATL U0sE- 
Hi, OHH He TONLKO IPHMMPHJIMCh Cb 9THMB HakTOM', HO TOT- 
YaCb Ke YCBOHIH mew HeO6xOMMMOCTH BTOTO OTCTYNIeHIA. 
Oxasal0ch, ITO y KakZaro ro’b-TO ray6oKO BHYTPH KOMOLIH- 
NOCh Hexopomee FYBCTBO, KoTOpoe Tenepb MH BHPBAOCh Hapy- 
2KY,—IYBCTBO 9TO OHNO HeAOBbpie Kb CBOMMb CHAM, HeO- 
pbpie Kb CBOHMb HadaIbHHKaM’b WW OHO OHO HACTOJbKO CHILHO, 
4TO OCTATOUHO OWJO TOIKa, ITOOH OHO BHPasvJOCh Bb 60- 
rbe anu MenH'’be pBskuxb opmax’b. Upennonarana camoe xya- 
ree, BBPHIH BCAKOMY CJIyXy, CaMOMY B3OpHOMy. 

Tlepent Muxansoms Ilapnopayems BcTasa Tpyoa'biinian 3a- 
74ava,— YCOOKOHTh COMaTh HW BHBeECTH DOK Bb DOpANKs; a 
STOMB H COCPeAOTOIMI OHS BCe CBOe BHHMAHie MH DOTOMY Ay- 
MaTb O IPHINHAXD OTCTyNMenia 6GHIO emy Hekorga. Ho Kb Ya- 
@y HOW, HeECMOTpPA Ha TO,) ITO ABuHeHIe COBEPpMaOCh Bb TeN- 
HOTS HW HBKOTOPHA pOTH COMJIHCL Cb DOpOrH A sabNYDHICE, 
OH DONYIIb cBBAbHIA O BCBXb poOTaxh MW YBUUBIS, YTO 38- 
yiaya TOcTaBleHHad ceO& Oba BHIOMHeEHa “Mb xopomo. IIpu- 
ONUBUTeIbHO Bb STO KE BPeMA NONYINIS OHD UpHkKasadie, Cb 
PascBBTOMb CBePHYTLCA H (OPCHPOBAaHHHMD MaplWleMd ATH K’b 
cTannin Stat, rv Bb TO BpeMA Oa cTaBKa KOMAaHAyWmMare 
apMiel. Tenepb, 10 NPHBHIKB cBoel ONTb BO BCeEM akkypar- 
HuMD, Muxannb lapnosayb cainTanh HeOOXOAHMHMb 8aCHYTS, 
QTOOH yTpOMb OTH OONPHMDS H CBBXHMB, HO yObAMBINHCS, 
TO 3aCHYTb CMY He yYAAacTCA, OHS BCTANb Cb KaHa, Ha KOTO- 
pHi ONO Mpuerb, MH OTNpaBHACA YTyJATb No AepeBHh, Bb 
ROTOPOH pacioioxenW OHH NDepBHH OaTanbonb H mTa6h 
TEOJKa. 

@espany. Orntar I. 2 


18 HAH I b. 


Bo nBoph y AeHexRHArO AMYKA YBUABIS OUD CBO POHAps, 
ZaMBHABIIH HOU iarb; Ha APYFOMh KOHL'S DepeBaHn BB- 
WeHb OHS elle OXUHS HoHapb, HO OoNbMe Bb UBIOH DepeBEb 
HH OJHOTO OFHA,—epeBHA HECMOTpA Ha TO, YTO co6pasoct 
Bb Heli TYKUXD TAeH Oombe THCAI YeNOBbKb, OHMa Dorpy- 
KeHAa Bb NOMHYW TeEMHOTY H eCJIM MOTa NOKasaTbca NONOspyu- 
TeILHOM, TO HM€HHO TbMB, ITO KpyrOMd ONO CIHINKOM’ THXO, 
CIMMIKOMb TeMHO,—ame coOakb He OHO CJHIIHO, TAK Kab 
Bcb OH OHH BHrHaHH Bb Owe UNH Upocto nepe6uTm. Y 
KAKIHXb BOPOT CTOAIH DHEBaIbHHe Cb Opyxiemb M H'BCKOJIb- 
Ko pasb Muxauaa [apnopuya rpy6o XBaTaqH 3a Deyo, a 
OUMHb HaUYraHHWHH :TeMHOTOH HM OHHOYECTBOMB CONLAaTHKS 
YVTh He yHapHAb ero MITHKOMD. 

Muxausy [apaosuydy 4 OpiATHO, A HeNpixTHO OHI0 BHABTE 
STOTh NOPAAOKS Kpyroms. Cb ONHOM CTOPOHH, OHS yObxzasicag, 
qTO-pa6oTa ero He Mponasda TapomMb, M0Kb Hay4HIca OHTb Bb 
Toxo WH CONaTH CaMH Oe3h BCAKUXD IpukKasancili npunaMann 
BOb HYXHNA MBPH OpeOcTopoxHocts; cb Apyrof cToponH, 
HeUpiaTHO OHJIO BHABTh COMMATS CTONb UpeyCMOTPUTeCADEHIME, 
ThMb Gombe, ITO Cb Beyepa OHIO OTTaHO UpHkKaszanie opure- 
paMb He HAaCcTaHBaTb Ha CJIMIUKOMb CTporuxd Mbpaxb oxpaue- 
nid,—9TUMb Muxannb [lapnoBHyb XOTbAB M0Kasatb, ITO He- 
UpiaTeia CIuTaeTh OHS SesBpeqHHMDb H OGesCHJeHHHMb, Kak 
OHb H MpeqnoNaratb Ha CaMOoMb Abb. 

— Slcnoe ab10, — Cb HeymOBsonbcTBieMb AyMarb Crap- 
TOBb,—3TUMH OesIIpepHRHHMH OTCTYMIcHiAMH Bb COMaTAXb 
BOCIIMTHBaeTCA CTpaxb Mepeqb BparomMb H, eme Xyxe,— 
HeMOBbpie Kb CBOeCMY HadaIbCTBY,—BBIb 9TO OHH MeHA TO- 
IpaBIAwrt... 

UBMb OOMbMC AYMANb OH OO6b ZTHXD ,,OeslpepHBAHXB 
oTrcTrynmeniaxb* ThMb OonbmMe yOBxAaICA Bb TOM, TO ,,Ky- 
pOMaTKuHS MpecTyMHUKS, a OHTb MOMeTS Take U3MBHHHKD~... 
Onb NPHNOMHHaAND HsBBCTHHe eMy Usb BOeHHOU UCTOPIA cury- 
qaH U3MbBHH, CpaBHHBalib HW MpPUXOMW'b Kb TOMY sakodenip, 
uTO Bb WbiicTBiAxd KypowaTKuHa HeECOMH'BHHO MO2XHO yCMoT- 
pbrb Wpwakaku socTHaro HaMbpenia yOHTb pycckyNO apMin, 
M yOUTb C€MHMb YsKACHHMb 00pas0Mb,—MOpasbHo. 

Takoro powa cooOpaxkeHin WM nOsospbuid OBONbHO Yacto 
IIpHXOWIH eMY BB YTOROBY, ocoOeHHO ocIbakee Bpema, 
ocAbAKIA TWAaTb-wecTh Ths. Kaxgyh pasb kKorga ero o6xo- 
QUI HW OCKOPOATU, OH HaIHHalb aHaIU3sHpOBaTb YCuOBia, 
Bb KOTOPHXD NPUXOAHIOCh eMY 2KUTb HM padoTaTb, H Kax THE 
pasb IpuxXoqwb KL TOMY, YTO YCNOBIA 9TH H&b PYKb BOD 
HEHOPM&.1bHH, YTO BCe pacTyllia TpedoBania MW IipeTeH3id BHC- 
Maro HaYAIbCTBAa, OCHOBAHHHA HCKIOIHTeIbHO Ha CaMODYy pcTBB 
WI OPHHHaJbHWYaiv, OOHAN YHRHUMBIA eMY, OTIHIHOMY O(pH- 











IIPOTHBS CONHIA. 19 


uepy, He MOryTb OHTb OOBACHEHH Wake TIYMOCThW, & HeECOM- 
HBHHO BUMBOTh UPHIBHH Oombe ryOoKis; HO TYTS-TO, T. e. 
KOraa HadHHarb Ob, M0 ero MABHIN, YTXYONATR BOMpPOC, 
CRASH Bach Opucymi ero yMy HeOcTaTOK},—HeymMBaHie 0606- 
MAaTh MDakTH H HAdsmOAeHiA H Bb PesyJIbTAaTB OND He y2syOuAnrss 
BOUpOca, & 3aNJIHBaIb Bh TPAZHYW JYRY MeJKHXS JIMIHBHXDS 
CIeTOBD H 3'bcb Oapaxtancs, HeEBOJbHO Daikad ce6a He 3aMB- 
aaa oToro. Onb nososphaarb Bb usMBHB U Apyruxh, Men'be 
TAMKUXD WpecTylMeniaxh NO oyYepeau BCBXb CBOUXE Hadadib- 
HHKOBb;, ake 3HaMeHHTHY JiparoMupoBh KaszaJich eMy nOlo- 
SPHTeCJIbHHMb, TAKb KAN camoonanvieanie HAashHBaTb ca.“ooxaKxu- 
eaten, TONeBY1IO PopTupukallio 38HAaTbh He XOTBIb H TPebo- 
Bab, ITOOH Bp aTaky BOWCKa XOMWIH OTKPHTO, HH Bb KOeMb 
ciyiab He cmb 6H UpPsTaTbcCA Bb CKalKaxXb M'BCTHOCTH, 
YUINIB BEPUTL TOKO WITHKY U TIYMHJICA Hal’b oznenoxnonnu- 
Kamu,—OpullepaMy, KoTopHe, Kakb Muxaurb [lapnopayh, UpHya- 
Ba OObmI0e sHayeHie COBpeMeHHOMY py2KeliHoMy Ors. d3a- 
BHCHMOCTb TAKTHKH OTh pyxXeHHaro OrHA Oba TAKS OYEBHAHA, 
4TO Muxansrs [lapnopu4ab He MOIS BBpPHTb, IrobwH Nparomu- 
POBB He MOHHMANb 9TOTO,—NPHXOAHIOCh, 83HAYIHTH, AONYCTUTS 
yMHICeIb WH OYCBHAHO 30CTHHH, Hw Muxaunrb I[laBnoBuyb O- 
MYCKalb ero. 

Ha Kyponatkuna, Boenuaro MuBHCTpa, Muxanib TapnoBaTs 
OHNb ye JaBHO HEAOBOCHD: TOTh Kakb-TO OOHWBAB ero He- 
BHMMAaHieMh; Cb HawaJIOMb BOHHH Ob, CO3HABb, ITO CYb- 
OH HXBb OTHHHS CBA3AHH, IIPUMUPHIICA Cb HUM, HO MAO 0 
May IpemHee HeOBOBCTBO HM HeEMOBBpie MPOCHMawIHCb Bb 
Hemb. Onb Bubb, ITO KypomaTKuHt cBoel, TAKTHKOM OTCTYN- 
ueHifi HCIIpaBlAeTh CABIAHHYH DHONOMaTaMH ODIMOKY, OCHO- 
BaHHY) Ha HeNpaBHABHOMb pascieTh Cub, AMBOUIHXCA BB 
pacnopaAxKeHiH UpaBuTeJbCTBAa MUKao, H ITO HHKAaKMMD py- 
rHMb CHOCO6OMS HCOpPaBuTb YTY OUIMOKY Heb8d, Takb Kakb 
rOCYTapCTBeHHHe A104, BTAHyBWie Pocciw Bb oTY BOMAY, IpH- 
ZHATLCH Bb CBOeMD NONHBiMeMb HEBBXeCTBB QOOPOBOJILHO He 
XoTbu. 

CTapwlOBb HACTONBKO XOPOiLO MOHUMAJ'b 8TO, ITO KaKb-TO, 
co6pasb opuuepoBh, TOBOpHb AME: 

—- Tocnoga, Bb apMit HeqoBOIbHH KyponaTKHHbM. He n0- 
BOJIbHH TBMb, 4TO, BMBCTO WBuKeHIA Bb Kopew, BohCKa Hallin 
OTCTYNAaWTb BCe Jatbuie Ha chBepb. Takh Abo OOCTORTS BB 
cTpateriv. Bb TakTuK'b eile Toro xyxe, — OOOpoHuTeIbHOMY 
opyxilo 7aHo Mpeymoyrenie NepeAb wactyMaTeIbHHMb, W awe 
pw cOopow& o6opoda maccuBHadh MpeimoqTaeTca odoponb 
AKTHBHOH. OTciwoga HexoBonscTBo. Ho # AyMaw, rocnogza, 4TO, 
KpHTuKya KyponaTkHHa, MH yuyCKaeMb H3b BHAA OOK, 
CXBAIHHYO HAMMMH WHuNnoMaTamu. Mb yoKe Tellepb, XOTA KOM- 

Q* 





20 HRaAH X ‘b. 


TAaHiA TOKO HAYaiach, BUM’, Kakb HelpaBHJIbHoO onpert- 
eHO OHIO COOTHOMeHIe CHI Ha JlanbHemd Bocrorb u Bune, 
auto KypomaTKaHy ylaioch BHeCTH H'BKOTOPyN NompasKy. O6n- 
CKTHBHHA CBOHCTBA 9TOH ONIHORH, CibuaHHOH Bb NorHTaRS, 
TAKOBH, 4TO OHA WBIHKOMB NepeXONHTh Bb CTpaTeriv, Takb 
Kakb cTpatTerif ecTb npomwormenie WoruTuRu. Ho storo mano! 
OmH6ka oTa ABIAeTCA cI'bacTBiemb Nonnbinie Sesnpuanun- 
HOCTH Hallie NoyuTMRM Ha JlaIbHemM®b Bocrorb, 9To ea cy6b- 
CKTHBHOe CBOMCTBO, H, KaKb TAaKOBaH, OHA MepeXONMTh Bb Tak- 
-THKY, OHA OTPaKaeTCA Ha DyxB BOHCKD, &@ TAKRTUKA, Kak’b BaMb 
H3BBCTHO, HM'beT'D W'bI0 pease BCero Cb veyoBBKOMD. [ostomy 
A AvMaw, Tocmoza, ITO HaMb OCTAeTCA TOJbKO Crb0O BSpHATS 
KyponaTkauy, ero rei. 

Tospops Taktb, Muxanab lapnrosnyb HeTIpaBuMBHO npeno- 
Waraib, OYATO opuuepH HW COMMAaTH HewoOBONbHH Ky porarra- 
HHM‘b,—HeXOBONbCTBA 9TOTO He OHIO, PYradH BCe H BCBX, HO 
TONHKO He KHyponaTknHa; cam’b wee CrapmloBh, xOTA HW ProBOpusb 
YMHHA BeIIH 06% OObEKTHBHHNXD H CYOLCKTHBHHNXD CBOHCTBAX'S 
ODIHOKH, CI biaHsOH AeuoOTOMaTaMu, KyponaTKuHuM®?, 2'bicTBE- 
TCIbHO, OWJIb HEXOBONeEHL UW 9TO CBO€ HENOBOJIbCTBO HaBASH- 
BaIb IPYTUMb; HeEAOBONLCTBO Ke BOSHHKNO HM poco uO MBpb 
TOPO, KaKb YeCTONWOHBHA MCUTH eFO pasNleTaNuCh Wepelb cy- 
poBoH WBHCTBHTeIbHOCThH. OTcTyisenie orb Jlnonna pa3a6an0 
BCB O1aHh CTapuiopa H HOTOMY, eCTeCTBeHHO, NoBeyeHie Ky- 
pouaTkuHa NpeAcTaBIANOch emy Oorbe ThMb DOLOSpuTeIbHHMD. 
Jlyman 06% stomb, Muxanab [laproBnah, KOHeETHO, HCXOAHIb 
H8b NOMS HW HYRI' FOCYMapCcTBeHANXd; OTcTyNNeHie 3TO OHIO 
IIpecTyNHO, TaKb KaKb BpeA0 KaKOMY-TO OONbOIoMY, OOmlemy 
nBay, HO cioya xe Muxaunb Llasnopuys we MOrb He IpHcte- 
rHYTh COoOpaxkeHi WHUHAarO Xapaktepa. 

— Wurepecho 3HaTb, — AYMaIb oH'b, — 1TO KyponaTkunh 
cKaxkeTb 0 MoeH aTakB? Uro6OH TamMb HH 6HI0, HO MOUKb OT- 
ammiugica!.. Lomb He BHHOBaTb Bb TOM, ITO CMY B3AYMasIUCh 
orcTtynaTb! Ilomky 20 sToro oTcTyHWeHia HBTS HHKakoro Abaa,— 
OHD CBOW 3afaty BHNONHHIb ONecTaIge WU MOKeTh Tpe6oBaTh 
Harpagn!.. 1, mo kpalivel MBps, He MOry OTKazaTb CBOHM’ Odu- 
llepamb, x 6yy TpeOoBaTb Tia Hux! 

O ce6B Muxaunp IlaBnopuyb He AyManb, Bhpybe—emy Ka- 
BaJlOCh, UTO He JYMaJ'b, XOTA, OYEBUTHO, eCIH GyeTh NpasnaHo, 
UTO TOK OTAIWIHICA, ThMb CaMHMb Oyerbh OTIHIEHD H KO- 
MaHoupD ero. Muxanb [lapioBHyb CosHaBaNh, ITO 3a NOIKOM', 
T. €., 38 HUM’, HHKAKHX'b 38aCAyrh, Tpe6ywmluxd ocodaro oTsau- 
Yid HE OCTABAIOCh,—eTO ECTeCTBEHHO BHITeEKAaAO A3b TONoRenIs 
CO3MaHHaArO OTCTYMMeHieMbh apMi4,—KOMY HYIKHHI repon, paab 
YTO He OHNO No6bib?—-,epou 6e3b no6bab! ITO Fake KoMEY- 
Ho!“ — 9TyY HMeHHO (ppasy CKazanb ceOb Muxaunb [apnopn as, 





NPOTHBS COAHDA. 31 


HO TYTb Ke NpH6aBush, — ,TBMb Xyxe ANA Hero!“ T.-e. DAK 
Kyponarkuga.—,ApMia Bela ce6a repocka, a OHb CTPYCHIb,— 
TBMb Xyxe ua Hero! Hy2xao ero BHBECTH Ha IACTYN BoLy.“— 
TakuMb o6pasoMb AOKasaTh, UTO NOK OTIMIBICA, CTaNO He- 
OOXOAHMO Hab Cood6paxkeHili IpPHHIWHialbHHxb, — Kb oTOMy 
upuoienb Muxansb [apiosn ts. 

GABATHH STHMU MHICJISMM, BOUWIeIb OH BO DBOPb cBoek 
Panshl HW CTaNb TYIATS Tepe’ ORHauu. Mansa 9Ta, Kak KM 
BCR KPCCTbAHCKIA akHsh, 10 Dany cBoeMy Moxofua Ha X0- 
XHAAaALKYIO H36y: BXODb OH Bb NepeAHWW, & OTCHAa OBS WBe- 
PH, HallpaBo H BaNhBo, Bb KOMHATH. OAHY H8b HUXD 8aHHMAI'D 
Muxau'b [laBloBuyb, a APYryN—abWTauTs, kasHaye H IIpo- 
yie YHA WITada. BB sTow BTopow KOMHaTb co6pamacb, MOBH- 
QMMOMY, OOJbUIad KoMMaHiA C*HLEPOBb WH TopAyO O YeM'b-TO 
COODHMAa, Tooca HXb pasLapasluCh Ha BeCb ABOph, HO Maxanrb 
[JaB10BN4S He BC.TYMIMBAICA, He HHTEPeCOBAJICA MpeMeTOMD CO- 
pa, 10Ka Hab WBepeii (PaH3H He BHO DAT YeNOBBKS OPULEPOB, 
43% KOTUPHX'b ieTRepO OHVJIK Bb UaIbTO A Pypaxkax’d, a ATH, 
A bOTAHTS, UPOBUXKABWMI TOCTeH, 6€3% 1abTO U 6eab PypakKH, 
IpH 4YeMb OND, MpoOAOsKaA pasroBopb, LpoMKo HA yObxTeHHO 
FOBOPH.Th: ,...caMO COOOH TOHATHO, A CeHdac'h Re OTOMeI Bb 
CTOPOHY H CTapaicAd He HOAXOAATh H He MOACIYUMIMBATL, HO 
TO NepBHM'b ke COBAMb MAB CTauO ACHO, 4TO OH IMpOctTo- 
HaupucTO MOHOCHY DS‘... 

— Toro He MOKeTL OHTE! — Nepe6uNb albwrTanta rpyoOni 
TOHOCh, IpHAaqiexaBwin KatuTaHy KosuoBy, Kakb 9TO oupe- 
mbausb Crapmosy,,—llypa we Tako MavIbduk’b, Wa 4 Maxam 
TlaBsOoBudb He CTaxb 6H CLyMaTs. TyTb Kakoe-HH6yOb Heqopa- 
aym‘buie. 

— BH TroBopuTe: He CTalIb ON CJIYWIaTb; OH WK Ha CAMOMB 
WhAB oTBepHysca An coer, a Ulypa 3a HaMD NO MATAMD... 

— A&A AyMaw,—onatTb rpy6o nepe6unb Koanosp, — Ulypa 
XOTE.1h HarpyOHTb oTHy, 9TO cKOpbe! ITO BB ero xapaktepB!.. 

Muxannb [lasi0BH4b MPHOBEHHO BCIOMHAIB CleHy, IIpo- 
HZOCALIYIO MesKuyY HAMb H.CHHOMB Mepey’b CaMoW atTakoH. 
HEBKOTOpHA NOUPOOHOCTH, KOTOPHA 3aMBIUNb OHS TOP xe, 
HO 0 TOMalildeMy. CBOeMY HacTpoedilO He OOpaTunb Ha HAXDd 
BHMMAHIA, BOCKPeCJH Bb ero MaMaTH. Pacrepauunii Bun’ Ilypn, 
HesicHoe OOpMOTaHie Yero-TO TaKOrO, BECbMa NOAOspuTebHaro,— 
NOAIHHHHXS cioBb Ulyph Muxaunb Uapsopuyb He MOMHAIb,— 
& IIOTOMDb TO, ITO Web OH'b, OFeBUOHO, 00 UATAMb 3&8 HUM'b, 
TAK KaKb BHOBKaIb Ch KPHKOMb ,ypa“ Hab-3a ero CIHHH, 
Bce 9TO OHJIO OYeHb DOROspuTedbHo. Ho npexnoOKxuTh AOHOCh 
Obl Io HeIbuo A Muxauib LaBioBuyh 06% 9TOMd H He NOAYMasrb,— 
,OUFCBHIHO, XOTBIb HalepsuTb, KAK BBPHO FOBOPUTh KoaoBs, 
9TO Bb ero Xapakteps... A mo cTaTyTy rerpriescKii KaBaslep'b!*— 





22 HAH Xf 4b. 


NyMaub Muxaunt [lapnopaTh A MHCAb 9Ta Oa eMy UpiaTHa 
He n0ToMy, sTo Lilypa ero CHAD, & NOTOMY, ITO OHS Ouneps ero 
nomka. Ho TyTb xe OHB BCNOMHHTDS, 3TO Ilypa crbcHaers uw 
»OTb Hero, XOTA OH HM TeoprieBcKaro KaBasepa, BCe paBHO HyXHO 
6yneTD us6aBuTLCA. A CTOHTS TH WaBaTb Kpecrh oduuepy, Ko- 
TOpHH celiyach xe HW ylieTb u8b DoNKa? BSI sTO He emy 
TOIbKO Harpaya, & BCeMy DomKy... Bopoyems...“ — Maxanas 
TJaBioBHYb BCNOMHUND, YTO ecru [lypa noxyaaTs reopriescrild 
KpecTb, TO, 83HAYHTb, Ha aTaky oOpaluleHo 6yleTD BHUMAaHie, a 
BB STOMB CyIab eFO CaMOro MOryTh, Take JOIKAH MpoHsBe— 
CTH BB reHepath, CIBAOBATeIbHO, OH DONYYMTS Opurany Ba 
Kakoe-HH6y—b Apyroe HasHadeHie, a Iilypa mMoxerh octaTsca 
BB NOKy. 

' OTO coodpaxenie mpuMupHao ero cb Llypoi, Ho ne Hagomro, 
TQKb Kakb MHCIIb O OPHTAaXHOMb KOMAHAUpPS H NPOWWXh IH- 
Wax'b, 3avHTepeCUBaHHHX®b Bb TOM’), ITOOH YMAJIHTh 3HadeHie 
aTakH, MpOHsBeyxeHHOH MONKOMB, OesnoKowa ero H eMy Upe- 
CTAaBHIOCh, KaAKb HeyQOOHO S6yeTb ero vosoxenie, korga UpH- 
JeTCA OTCTAHBaTb HHTepecH NowKa H Ha DepBoe MBCTO BHABH- 
rath COOCTBeHHAarO CHHA. 

— VY 3zaqbMb 6HII0 eMy BHXOZMTE KO MHS BB NOIKb,—Cb 
xocayow NOLyMarb onb.—Ha kame OM Wary NOCTOAHHHA HeLO- 
pasymBuia! Ora BuepamHaa creHa! Bo BcAkOM’d Cay4ab ona He- 
mpHinuna!.. A moToMb, Bborb ero 3HaeTb, OFeHb BOsMORHO, 
4TO OHb XOTBIL MAB TaTb KakOH-TO COBBTB A MOKETH OHTh 
Tame onectu... OTb Hero MOmeTH cTaTEca!l Eaye BB ABTCTBS 
6HIH y Hero Ayplie sazarKn. 

Yepesb ABCKONBKO MUAYTD Muxanas [lasnopayth 6HIb yRe 
yBbpeus, uro [lypa xorbrb OneCTH H, Maro Toro, UpHMmenb 
Kb 3aKJOUeHib, ITO NOPOYHHA HaKJIORHOCTH yHacJ'bOBAHH 
IlypoH orb MaTepy DObKH,—4YTO XOpomaro MOMRHO yHacTbAO- 
BaTh OTb NMObKH? 

— Kakb Mord cabuath A Taky® omu6ry! Bors Teneph x 
HakasaH'b! GOTO HMCHHO Bb XapakTepb NONAKOBS, — HaJTaTh, 
ccpackanHTs!.. Manbavikolw ene Bpabh H Kakb! Cb KakHME 
noxpo6HoctamH!.. 

Mexny ThMb aXbwWTaHThb, NPOBOAUBb TOBapHMel, BOsBpa- 
maicd Kb ceOb. Muxaunb LaBpnoBHyb 1OR03Barb ero H CTAB 
pascupalluBatb. ANbNTAHTb STOTh CYMTAIb ce6A CTOAIIMMS 
MHOrO BHe TOBapHIneH H HA OSTOMb OCHOBAHIH NOsBOIAb 
ce6S TOBOPHTh Cb HAYaIbHAKOMb CBOHMh O CBOUXb Ke OMHO- 
NO1GWaHaXhb Bb TONS HPOHMUECKH-NOKPOBHTeEMbCTBEHHOMb; OH'B 
11OLY-WIYTA, WONy-cepbe3Ho pasCKasHBatb KOMAaHAMpy Nodka 
Takia HHTHMHHA MOAPOOHOCTH MIOJKOBOH %H3HH, AONORUTE O 
KOTOPHXS TOHOMb Cepbe3HHM' CieNb OM ANIA ceOA NOZ0PHHME. 

— Ilyctaxu, Muxaurp [[apioBAyb, He CTOHTS 06b STOME 








HPOTHBDS COAHMA. 23 


rOBOPHTb... 3TO A TOJbKO TAKb, Ch TOBAPHINaMH... — IMYTIHBO 
CKazalb al bOTabTh KAKb OH Read Us6aBuTbCA OTL HeUpiArT- 
HHX} BOMpoOcoBd, HO CrapmloBh OHANb, ITO yaHaeTh axe 
6o1bMle ThMb Wpewnonararb WH NOTOMY HacTOHINBO NOBTOPHNb 


BOUpOct. 
— QOudeHb BO3MORHO, ITO OHS CHBAICH RePTBOW KakoH- 
1H60 HHTPHIH, MOONS ere... — 3acTynanca 3a Illypy albn- 


TaHTb.—lOBOpATb, ITO Kakb Pash Depedb TMB kak'’b DOR0KTH 
Kb BaM’b, OH HM BIG KakOH-TO pasroBopd ¢o CTanucmaBHxol‘... 
Borb 9sTo Hexopowo, Muxanyrs Ilapnopayh, (AXbWTAaHTS 3a¥ro- 
BOPHIb Cepbe3sHHM®D, COYYBCTBYNIIHMS TOHOM®S), OHS MON Lyp- 
HHMD BilighHiemb! Mano Toro ITO APyRATS Cb KOsTOBHMb, BO 
ara Tochoxa sapep6oBasia ero KB ce6h, ToBOopaTh cybuana 
erO CBOHMb JNOOBHAROME... 

Muxaunb [lapnosuyh 6b NopaxeHd. 

— Sl Bach He NonAMaN... CranucuaBaxa 3'bcb? Orryaa? Ch 
Kakoro BpemenH? HW upu yewb TYTb MOM CHB? 

— BH TOJbKO He BONHYHATecb, Muxauab IaproBpuyb,—aaro- 
BOPHIb abwTakTh, HaMbpewadch BAAaTbCA BO BCS DOApooHOcTu, 
HO TOHS ef0, CIHIIKOMb pa3sBA3HH, He NOHpaBHica CrapmoBby 
H OHD ero pbsko o60pBasrs. 

— SI Bach noupomy, nopydukb, He myTuTs! — KpHKHYJIb 
OH'b,—9TO BHXOQUTb H3b BCAKHXD rpanuy! MapoubTe DoApQouo 
HOOK ATb MH'B 060 BCeM’ 9TOMBI.. 

— A, apaBo, HwYero He 3HaW, FOCIOAMHS NONKOBAUKS. J 
TOUbKO CJIHM@Ib, BOTh celyach TYTb YTOBOpHIM, S6yATO 
CraHHciaBuxa 3i'bch Ipoh Myxb,. a Takb WH 9TO — A He 
3Hab... 

Muxauntb [Japnospuyb 2oBexend OHI WO Mocnbauwe cre- 
HeHH pasipaxeHian 1 HBKOTOpOe BPeMA MONIAN, 3106H0 GMOTPA 
BB JIHWO al/bwWTanty. ; 

VHitaxt, opuneph Hab HMB Hacm’banHch! OBB BCW CBOW 
HYWY OTA NOIKY, BCBMb DoOmepTeoBarb, a oa#u!.. Teneps, 
Bb MOCHBOHIW MOMCHTDS NOAHUMATH CKaHTasb OHIO HEBOSMOXHO. 
BHCTpo coo6pasHBb BcB o6cTostenbcTBa, Muxanss [laBnoBHyb 
MpHAsTI pbuenie: orn Llypw ocso6oqaTbca HeMeqeHHO, a- 
Cb OCTAIbHHMH O60 2aTh WO Gombe ynobsaro BpeMeHdH. 

— Ci cekyHay mocaaTb Bb 15-1 poty nopyqka bbrorop- 
neBa, & TOotMopyuuka Crapmiosa notpesosarts cwaza! Nowann-cp?.. 
BH NOHAAH, ITO A BAM OPHKasHBaW?—BO3sBHCHBB YoOCh M0 
CaMHXb pb3kKAXb HOTh KPBKHYND OW. 

— Takb TOUHO, TOCHOAHHDS NOUKOBHEKD... Cil0 ceKyHIY. 

ANBWTAHTS NOLYMaATb OHIO DONOMUTL, ITO Bb DOMKY CCTb 
HOpyIHKH cTapmie bbroropiesa u we eMy CIblyeTh 0 O4e- 
pe IPHHMMATL pOTy, HO BOsTepxKaca H XOpOMo cyAbIars, 
TAK Kakb Muxanns [lapyopuys 06% stom BoBce He 3a6HI'b,— 


a4 HAH J 4. 


OHS BHOpatb bboropuesa 8a ero H3b pAfa BOWS BHAaniifica 
rpy6nH W #xeCTOKIN HpaBs. 

— llycthb... OXb HMB TamMb BCBMB NoKaxeTh!.. — yMadb 
Crapmiopb. Kony—,,BcbMb“%, Bb STOMB He OTAABANL CHB cedb 
OT WeTA. 

MosoxeHie OCHOKAAIOCh TMB, YTO NONKA Ch yopa oa- 
KeHb OHNb BATH BL ATal H CABIOBATeCIbHO, Kak'b 9TO HCHO 
NoHuManIb Muxaunb [JapnoBayb, 3aBTpa 2%ke eMy lpuetca, 
BOHIA Bb CONpHKOcHOBeHie CO IUTA60Mb KOMaNAyomaro ap- 
Mie, 2aTb reHepasbHHH Oo BCBhMb CBOHMDb BparaMth, KOMAaH- 
Wupy Oprah, HavasbHHKYy MBH3iH, KOMaHaupy kopoyca u 
T. 0., 20 camaro KyponatkHHa BKJINUUTeIbHO, KOTOPOMy MDps- 
WeTCA DOKMAIHBATh O A'BHCTBIAX'D MOKA, OT’ KAKOBOrO WOKIAA 
wu 6yneTb 3asucbrp Bee. Muxaunh assoBuiL WoTpeéoBab Kb 
ce6b HCapA HH CTANG CocTaBIArb KoHCueKTh AoKanana. [lo- 
nowAA Kb. TOMY MOMeHTYy, KakD Ulypa mepBatt cl. KpHROM'b 
»Ypa* no6bxarb Boeperb, MuxanaL [Tapnospuqgb 3antymadca, 
HUuCTaBHBh Ha SyMarb Oo/biol BOMpOCHTeABHHH 3HaKb 4H 
RONTO BUPMCOBHBaIb elo Kapalaauiem’b. Ilucapb, cBepxcpoyHO 
cayxKallilt yHTepb-odullepd, CIWMaBWill 4H sHaBmi ropaszyo 
6o1bme, YAMb eMY WONarasocbh, MOHA.b, YTO BOMPOCHTeIbHHE 
SHAK 3TOTB CTOHTS Hans Illypott w Ch AwWOOMHTCTBOMD 
milath, ITO 6ydeTh. Phuiupiunch, Muxaurp [lapnopuyb sagep- 
KHYJIb BOMPUCHTCNIbHHM sHakb H Hepewienb Kb cOCcyRTeHIN 
oabiyloumaro Bompoca. 


({Ipodoasecnie camdyents). 


HallioHasbHblM Bompoch 


Bb cBBT6 coulanuctHyeckaro mipoBossptbuin. 


I. 


Cpeqa pasHooOpasHHxt upobzeMms, BHACCOHHHXS Ha MOBepXHOCTs 
HOAMTH'CCKOH KHSHK COBPOMEHENME . OCBOOORUTCIBAHMS ABHRCHIEMS, 
TaKb HasblipaeMblH HAMlOHaAbHLIA BOlIpoch GesclOpHO SaHHMaeTh 
BOChM& BaRHOe, HO BMBCTB Cb ThMh HBCKOADKO CTpanHoe, Kak On 
AsofictBpeHHoe uotomeHie. Ilo ca0RaMS HSBBCTHAO “HATOK’ BL 0618- 
OTH HaniOHadbHaro — rlaBHHIMb VOpasoMd, yYkPavHCKaro — KoNpoca, 
npod. [pymesckaro, «<HbTh waxOOHOCTA CKPHBaTh, "TO CpCAw Takb 
HasbiBaeMaro pyccKaro OOMeCTBa, T. 6. TOUHBE BpPamanch—CpelH Be- 
AWBOPYCCKOH HUTeLIHTeHWIN Hw TATOTbOMEXd kb Heh, Oorbe HAM Me- 
ube Obe31HYCHHHIXD HanionasbHO WpescTaBnTeicH ApyruXb HaposAo- 
crefi Pocciv, HaliOHaIbHhfi BOMpOCh HAH HauiOHaibunte BOMpPOCH BD 
HacToamee BpeMa He OOpbrawtTca BLD aBaHTaxh, HC NOIL3SYWTCA BHH- 
MaHieM’ 2 pacuonomeniemb» *). ITO NHCaIOCch Bb aBrycTb 1906 
roga. Ho vxe BB Mapré 1907 roxa ToTB me yyeHbi WHeary: «Poc- 
cla—Hanepin napodoss, cpeqW KOTOPHX. rocykapcrBennad Hapoj- 
HOCTh COCTABAACTL IJMMb MCHbIMKHCTBO,—HO MOKETL PasbHBaTbCA CBO- 
GOMHO MH YCUBOIHO, 1i0OK& Bb TOM Mepeycrpolicrsb ne 6yzerTb 06¢3- 
HeqeHO CBOOOAHOE CYMLOCTBOBaHie H pasBUTie 64 CUCTABHHX'S YacTeH— 
4 H@polOB’b, NOKAa Bb eA pasBATiv, ABHREHIN, Mporpecch or HapoaE 
He OYAYTb BUABTS Baacra cBOero pasBu1ig u porpecca. besh ope- 
Bpameuia Poccix Bb cBOobo,HuH CcOwsb \HapOAOBL HC MNCAUNO HOJHOC | 
oOwOBseRIe ex, NOMHOe ocBOOomAcHie UTE MpayHHXD lepewUTROBS 
upomaaro» **). | 

KM, wecomabuno, vTa Bropan micas mpo. Cpymenckaro O1axe 
Kb MCTHHB, pasibusemofi fame cTomb HemoOuMOl OrnM'b YEpPaHH- 
CKHMS UaTpioToMb «BeAMKOpyccKoH unTeIredtici». yumm TOMy 


*) IIpop. M. Fpywescxit. Ocso6omyenie Poccii KH ykKpaHHCKifii BOmpOcs. 
- Crateu Hw saubraad. Cn6. 1997, erp. 1. 
**) Tamb me. 


26 M. B. PATHEP 48. 


AOKAZaTeAbCTBOM MOTYTS CAYRHTh HENOCPeACTBeHHHe H OeschopaHe 
(AkTH, ACHO CBUXBTeIbCTByWMie 06% oOrpoMHOH poaH HanionasbHare 
MOMCGHTA Ha BCeEMS IpOTAReHiA pycckaro OCBOOOAHTCABHATO ABHMOHLS. 
Mul, KOHETHO, HE DOCIBAYeMS 38 <HCTHHHO-PpyCCKRME» TaTpioraMy, He 
YCTaWMHMH Cb ycepxiews, noncTaah AocToianM, xAyye yuacrTH, 
AOHCKHBATHCA «HHOPOAIECKHX> KOpHeH sTOTO ABumeHia. JIMMIb IMAE, 
BE KOC OCXBNACHHHE HANIHBOMb YdAOBSKO-HCHABACTHHICCKEXS 
use w He sHawimie as6yqHHXb HCTHHS cBoel coOcTBeHHOH ACTOpIE, 
MOITYTh PascyHAaTh 06% «HHOPOATECKOMb» XapakTeph BXb ABHREHIS, 
Ha IpoTamenin KOTOparo ye Bb TapcTBoBanie Iletpa Bexuxaro Ilo- 
COMKOBS BHCKASHRAIb HXCW COSHB&a HapoxHNXb UpelcrapuTesel, 4 
peBosonionHna AXbAcTBid HAIBHAWTCH BOOPYXeHHHMS BOSCTAHieMh Ae- 
RAOPHCTORS, MPHHasJeKaBMIAXS Kb CAHBEAME PYCCKAaYO BeAHKOCBBT- 
ckaro oOmectsa. He noxaexuTh, OfHaKO, COMBBHiW, cb ApyroH crTo- 
POHL, 4TO NOcKBAOBATeALHO UPOBOAHBMAscA Bb TeYeHIe BBEOBD pyc- 
ckol OpokpaTiew cHCTeMa HalioHaAbHaro THETA BBePIza Bb EPYTOBO- 
pOTh PpeBOAWNIOHHAarO ABHRCHIA H OGe8JOACHHHA HapOAHOCTH, BHEC- 
mid H CBO ACITY EPOBABHIXh KePTBS Bb AAO OopbOM 8a mpaBo # 
cBoOonzy HoBot Poccin. Ilepions oTkpwraro OcBOOOAHTeABHAarO ABARE- 
Hid, BO BCHKOME CAy4ab, XapakTepHsyeTCA YIACTICME Bb HEM BCBYd 
HamloHaJbHocTeH, Hacelswmuxt Pocciw, 4 Bb CBA8H Cb STHMD eCTe- 
CTBCHHO OOHAPYRUBACTCA BHICTABAeHIe BNOAHS OUpeAbACHHNXh Halll- 
OHAIDHEIXS TpedoBasni#. 

YxRe HA ChS3IaXb BEMCKHXS H YOPOMCKHXD wWhaTexeH, ONBIIEXD 
Bb ceHTsOpb uw HosOpb 1905 rona, WbaawWTCA AOKAAAH H NPHHHMADT- 
CH MOCTAHOBICHIA 10 BOUPOCY NOAKCEOMY, OTYACTH YEPAHHCKOMY. *). 
ToT 6 HaliOHadBHHH BONPOCh saHsIb BuHOe MBCTO BS pavoraxs 
CEB81a PYCCRHXh RKYPHAAMCTOBS, cocTOaBMaroca BecHo# 1905 roga. 
Hakone, KOMY He HensBBCTHO, 4TO TpeOoBaHie MpexOcTaBIeHisz 
«HaliOHasbHaro caMOoNperbseHia> AIM BCBXD O€3b MCKANUCHIA Halgio- 
HasbHocTeH, Hacezswmuxt Pocciw, cocTaBadeTb UpHsHanHoe obmee 
wBCTO BO BCBXb NPOIpaMMax® PYCCKHXS ONMOSKHTIOHHHXE MOIHTHIEC- 
KHX®S april. 

bags0cTb HanioHalbHaro BOMpOCa HHTepecaMb axe «kOpeHuoro>» 
HacedeHid CTPaHh! ABCTBYCTb, MeXLY UPOWWME, H HSB TOK TbcHOl, 
HepaspHBHOK CBa3H, KOTOPad CYMECTBYeTh MORAY STHMD BOUPOCOMS 
H APYTHMS, 8AaTPOTHBAWMLHMA KOPeHHyW AsBy OOmle-pycckoh mH3sHE— 
BOIPOCOM arpapHHMb. CoBepmeHHO paBuAbHO 3aMBTHAB NOAAES 
JAexuungifi: <ArpapHifi sompoch A3a Hach, UvulHKOBLR CBBepo x 
WTO-3allalkaro Epad, He OAS BOMpPOCOMS OAHOH TOSbEO 9BKOHOMHYE- 
CKO NOJHTHER, HO BONpPOCOMS Hami0OHadbHaro OnTa, HamioHarbHaro 
cymecTBoBania. Copoxarbrusa baTexbHocTh OwpokpaTia 6nxza Ha- 
pabieHa Ha YHHITOReHIe MOALCKaro Kpas; GOopb6a 3a yepmasnie 





*) Cu. .O upaspaxt HanionanbHocre H O ReneHTpaznsanin*. Jlorxaa, 
6~po CLbsAy 3eMCKHXD H TOPOACKAX AhatTeneh. Mocxsa, 1905 r. 











HATIOHASLHWH BONPOC. 27 


SCMAH Oba MaTpiOTHYCCKEMS ACBH3OMD NOALCKAaTO HacexzeHia AwTaH 
u Bbxopyccix, ona 67a samluTOH CBAIMeCHHHX, UpaBbh Hapoma Ha 
HaMOHSABHYW RBH. JTO COBAAIO KAR OW KYALTS SeMIH» *). Cd 
Apyrof croponw, yepannens upod. [pymesckiff cxbsyomums o6pa- 
30Mb BHICKASHBaeTCaA 10 NOBOLY CBa3H MeRAY BOMpOcaMH Hanionatb- 
HHMS H arpapHHMy: «JHKBHAAIA KpyWHaro seMAeRAaTbHIiA HB Hepe- 
4Aaua OTHXh SOMCIb Bb PYKH MBCTHHXB TPYAAMHXCH MAaCcch (NOTE 
HACEKANUBTCABHO YKPAHHCEBXS MO COCTAaBY) AAA KawAaro cOsHAaTeIbHaYro 
YEPaHAla ABXACTCH ARTOME BS BHCWeH CTeCNeCHH MeAAaTCAbHHMS He 
TOXBEO Cb TOUERH SpbHIA SKOHOMHYECKOH A CONiaIbWOH, HO H Cb TOUKE 
SpbHiA HanioHaAbHol... OTOT AKT BOSBPaMaeTh Bb HaliokHarbHy0e 
RocTosnie seMexbHH KRalBTadt, USBATHH 43h HETO AesePpTHPCTBOMS 
BHCHIUXE KlacCOBh, UPAaBHTeCAbCTBCHHHIMA CEKBECTPaMH, <AeTaIbHHMH» 
H HeJerasbHbIMH, HACHIbCTBCHHHIMH OTYYRACHIAMH SEMCAb HID PYKS 
TPYAADINXCH MACCh, H OCBOGOmIaeTE OTH NOcAbAHIA OTb BAAHIA 
BAACTH WVMCHAPOAHHXS BAALBALYCCKHXD o1eMeHTOBS... Lldxe6Hoe xe 
CO“ETAHIC MOTHBOBS, HACKOIbEKO 3 SHal0 MBCTHHIA OTHOMeHIA, AOIHHO 
HMBTb MBCTO y OBOPyccOBS WH AMTOBIEBD, Y SCTOBD BH AaTHMeH. Be 
OOpaTHOMS OTHOMeHIH KOMOHHHPYWTCA OHH Y APyrHxb Haposnocrel, 
KakB ocrTsefickie HBMOH Hu elle 6os'be DOAREH» **). 

CuynTaw AOaroMb oropopuTpcs. A srboh He KACAWCbh CyMleCcTBA BO- 
Mpoca 0 CBA8H ArpapHHXb HW HaliOHAIBHHX'b OTHOWMECHIA; He BHAKAW 3 E 
8b BOUPOCS 0 CTemeHH NpaBHIbHOCTH BHCKAShIBAeMELXS TXTAPOBAHHHME 
aBTopaMH cympeHifi; MAB BaRHO TOIBKO MOQYePKHYTS CaMHt akTs 
CYMecTBOBaHIiA O8HAYeHHOH CBaSH, B38 Yero CaMO cOOOW BBITeKaeTh 
HelpepekaeMH BHIBOD 06% YHHBEPCaAbHOMd, OOMePyCCKOMS sHaye- 
HiH HalloHaibHaro BOTpOca. 

Ho 4 TOMHMO TpoBeseHHHXb coodpamenifi, MomHo Haiiru Ooxbe 
OOmlia H OOLERTHBHLIA OCHOBAHIA, XApakTepUSHPYIOMiA OTPOMHYW TeO- 
peTHueckyN IBHHOCTh A IIPaRTHYCCRYH BaHOCTh HalioHarbHaro 
Bompoca Bb TepemupaeMnll MOMCHTD MNOXHTHUCCKATO pa3sBHUTiA 
Crpalul. 

AjoctaTowHoO, fake Obriaro Bsraaya Ha STHOTpapHyeckyW kapry 
Poccia, YTOOM MBICIb O BamHOCTH HaMlOHaIbHaTO Boupoca mpicdphra 
3BageHie HEOCHOpHMoH akcioMH. 

Ilo 7anHEMS Bceobmel nepenucH HacexzeHie Poccix Bb 1897 rogy 


pacuperbiaioch m0 HanlionaabHOMy cocTaBy cABAyOMuMS obpa- 
30MB: 


*) Nepsaa ocygapcrsennaa Jlyma B. 1. [lomurayeckoe suayenie nepBo& 
yuu. COopauxs craref. Cn6. 1907. Cr. A. Dednuuxaio. »Hanionarpanh Be- 
upocs Bb Tocyyz. Lym b“, crp. 159. 

**) M. Tpywescxit. ,HanionaxbHhe MOMCHTH Bb arpapHoMb Bompock<, 
cT. Bb gut. kH. ,OcBoOomyenie Poccin nu Yrpannckif’ sonpocs*. Crp. 
142—145. O cBaasn arpapHaro H HAaIiOHAIbHaro BONPOCOBS cM. wakswte MOM 


cTaTb~ ,Hanionanusalia 3eMIH H HBTepech! HanionanbHocTeA”, ,Hakanynb“, 
1906, N 2. 








28* MB PATHEP #4, 


9/9 weero %% Bcero 
Hapoqnocrta. nuconeuin. Hapoauocrtu. naceneHis. 
Benmropocchl. ..... 43,30 [‘pysHan (Cb HMepeT., 
Manopoccehl. ...... 17,41 MHHrp. # cBaHeTaMH . 1,05 
TlomfkH 2... 2... 617 ApMaHe .... . 0,91 
Bbaopyccenl. ...... 4,57 Momyazaue u py METIEL, . 0,87 
Eepew.......... 3,94 Mopapa........ 0,79 
Kupru3sn. ....... £83,18 OcThl........-. 0,78 
TaTtaphh ........ £291 Capt. ........ 0,75 
@MyHHaH. ..... 2... 1,71 Yynamu. ....... 0,66 
HbMOnE . .,.. oe 1,40 YsOokh ........ 0,57 
JINTOBIIHL H RMI Nb . 1,29 JlesramAHW. . . 0,47 
Banlkuphl H TenTapHA. . 112, Jlesrann cb npotMH rop- 
Jlarnima. ....... 1,12 NaMu—veiennamH, wp- 
kecaMH H ApyrumMnA .. 0,85 *) 


SICHO, 4YTO CCAH PaSCMATPHBATb 3afaqy NOAMTHNeCKArO MOMeHTA, 
RAKE (pexcTosami mpomecch MoAATHGeCKAarO, SKOAOMHUeCKarO A AY- 
XOBHaro packpbunomenia HacelteHis CTPanH, TO Bb KORKpeCTHOe CO- 
Jepmanie eTOTO Mpomecca HeOThEMJCMEIMh COCTABALIMD SHCMCHTOMD 
BolizeTs paspbmenie wanionadbHaro BOUpOca Bb GCMNCAB yOBAeTBO- 
peHia HanioHadIbAHXb moTpe6nocteh  ycTpocHiA MemsyHAaNiOnarb- 
HHIXS OTHOMWECHIM. 

Mealy NpouuMt, He AHMeCHHAIMD GH OTOH TOURER aphnia wnTepeca 
ABIHETCH TOTh (AKT, ITO RAK TOABKO HAGaANCh WOHTHIECKIC BHI- 
OOpE BL CTpanb, TO, HECMOTPA H& Bee IpoTHBOAbicTRIc Owporparin, 
BalevaTAbHHOe Bh CAMOME UB3OHPATCALHOMT 3akKOHB Hu Bb HeMocpes- 
CTBCHHAIXS YCHIIAX® ANMHHACTPanin Ha MBCTAXS, cOCcTaBh camoro 
HaplamMeuTa WOAYUMACA BecbMa DectpHli MO HanMiOHaIbHOMY COCTaBy. 

Ilo org bIbHHMb HalionadbHOCTAMWS enyTaTH nepsok Tocyyap- 
cTBeHHOH Jiymn pacnpesbasauch cabaAyIomuMs o6pas0Mt: 


Beankopocecosb. . . . . . 265 69,1 °F, 
MasopoecoBb. ...... 62 13,f » 
BbaopyccoBE. . ..... 12 29 » 
HlOMAKOBb . . . .. wu. 51 11,3 » 
Eppeepsb. ........ 13 2,8 » 
JiuToBoeBb, ....... 10 2,2 » 
SJeTOBb . . . 1... 4 09 
Tarapb 8 18 » 
Bamkup> . 4 09 >» 
KuprHuaoBt . 1 0,2 > 
“eyenneBb. 1 0.2 » 
MopaBul . 2 0,4 » 
BoTAKOBD . L 0,2 » 
Bourap. 1 0,2 >» 
UyBames. ] 02 » 
Moa 7a9BaHb } 0,2 » 
KauIMbIKOBb l 0.2 » *) 


wee ee ee eee ee eee 


*) Cu. &. Qopmyxamos Hauionanpawa o6sacra Poccin. M. 1906, 
erp. 4. J. Menderness. Kb nosnaniw Poccin. Co6. 1906, crp. 48. 
*#) A. Jleduuuniit, WaT. cT., etp. 156. 








HANIUHAAbBHH BONPOCD. 29. 


VW oasrop h WaTnpopanaolt cTaTbH COBePpMeHHO UpaBh, KOTMa yka- 
3n1Bae?bh H& TO, Kakb, OAATOAapA STOMY pasHooopasiw HalioHaabHaro 
-OCTaBa Jeuyraropb Nepspok Tocygapcrsessot Jymu, yapyyawumee 
cOCTORHIe’ H THCTYMIA HYKIL OTABIDHAIXE HauionaabHocreH HAMA 
CBO@ RHBONKCHOG H30d0pamenie Bb APKAXDS pbyax, worMkVBh Hoso- 
ivopckaro, Pmoaga Hw Ap., yapawnuesb Tpacysa, IIIpara, espeesh 
Bunascpa u vlepuna, bamsupa Cipraandosa, TatapHia AXTbaHOBa 4H 
T. A. MW waao oTgaTbh CUpaBeAAHBOCTh bATCIAMD TepBaro pyccKaro 
NipeACTaBuTe.pHaro coOpakis, Bb BXdb paboTax’ CKBOSH10 AOBOAbHO 
WIHpokOe LWOUMMaHie HanionasbHaro Boupoca. AocTaTvwo, HanpHMpt, 
LONOMHATD Ccbaywnia caopa mpod. Kapbesa, mpousseceHabla HM‘h 
UTb HMC€HH KOMMHCCiH NO cocTaBAeHiW OTBBTAAaTO afxpeca Ha TPOH- 
Hy pbup: «Mit Opamad Eb TOMY BLIBOAY, YTO Topasyzo xaAyume 
GyjzeT> He yoorpebIaTh BLIpaKeHid pyccnan 3eMAAR, NOTOMY ITO Tep- 
puTopix Poccifickoi uMuepiv He UPHHALICHHTD HCKALGKTC.ADHO TOAbKO 
pycckoH HanijHaabHOCTH H, CUBAOBATeALHO, MBI oTY TeppuTOpiNO pyc- 
CKOH SeMAcii HasBaTh He MOReM'B> *). 

Bb caMoMb He TekcTS OTBBTHarO alpeca MBCTO, OTHOCAIMeecsa Kb 
H@MiOHAIbHOMY BOUPOCY, ONO HBAOREHO BL CABLYIONINX KaTeropy- 
GECKEXS BhIpAaKCHiAX'b: 


»locynapcrBennadn JlyMa C4HTACTb, HakOHeN'b, HeEOOXOTUMHMb YKasaTs 
Bb GCA HCOTIORANXL 8akalb CBOHXD A paspbmewie Boupoca 06% yjAOBAe- 
TBOPeRIH JaBno HaspBBOIAXb TpeOoBakiA OTABALHHIXD HauioHaibHocTed. 
Poccia nmperacragaserh YrocyiWapcrBo, HAC@AeHHOe MAOTOpPasIHIAbIMH DJleMe- 
Nama Ww HaponuoeraMa. JlyxoBHee O6beRHHeHIC BCBXB 93THXb UACMCHD BOB- 
MORHV TOIbKO TPH YAOBNeETBOPeHiB DoTpe6wocTH KaxkAaro Ash HUXD coxpa- 
HATb H pasBuBATL CBoeObpaszie Bb OYASILHHXDb CTOpoHax’s Onita. Tocyzap- 
eTBenHaad /LyMa 03a60THTCA IBPOKAMS YAOBACTBOPeHiOM db THX CUPAaBe AIHBLIXS 


HYX'b“ an . 


Mapbcrun Jaababahuia mepenutia aToro axpeca. Crombko-nH6yab 
COOTBETCTBYMUAaTO OTKAHKA Ch HadkemanleH CTOPOHRH alpecb He Mozy- 
UAID, H HAliGHABHOMY BOUpOcy He CyRIeHO OWAO pasBepHYTbCA BB 
MopmMb He ToAbso VOAOMATCADHATO BAKOHOMATCIbAALO AkTAa, HO axe 
CKOALKG NUOVS ONpeABAICHHALO MpoekTa BAK UpesIomenia AA BE Nepsod, 
Huw BO BroDL TCoucyzapcTBeHHOd Jlymb. Bosaarats kakia Ob TO AH OaLI0 
HA@JeRI Bh OOM OTHOMIGHIH HA ACTHHAO-pyCCKUXD lperzctaBuTeszed, 


——— wee ee 


+) Crenoroapuy. orierh Focya. Aymm. Ceccia J, r. I, erp. 152. 

“*) ‘Tax'b ae, cip. 76,—KoneqHo, Ase Bb DepBoh Lymb uauinch ,uCTHHHO- 
pycckie* aenyrarhl, 3anABUTie 10 HanioHdanbHOMy BoNnpocy coBepmeHHO Apy- 
TY HOBO. Jisb GWHC1a BTHXD Aeayrarowh AoOMKeAb OhlTh OTMBYCHD BO- 
ALHCKIA CBAULCHURKL RoakeBadb, Bb KenavlA ABTOPOBb alpeca AOCTHrHYTh 
orpaxcuia uTepecoBb BChXb HayioHaabHocTeli ycmoTpbaiaih ~AyXb KOCMO- 
HOMHTH3Ma* (!2) (TamMb xe, erp. 137). Bb cBow oyeperb Aen. Konyesnyd mpeqro- 
KiNb>, IPH OOUWEMDb BOSMYMCHIH BCBXb AeNyTATOBhb, Ch HPOUHICCKON ILbAbIO 
~HONpaBRy* Kb agqpecy cabaywmlaro coxepmania: .Locyaapcrsenuan /Tyma 
OBAOOTHTCA O IMHPOKOMb YAOBMETROPCHIN BTUXS HYAD' (HAliOHAN_HOCTEA), 
yro6n Poccis, HacedeHHad MHOPOYRCICHHHMA TeMeHaMH H HapOAHOCTAM", 
poTepana cBoe cBoeobpasie H Wake camoe CBoe ANS" (TAM'b Ke, CTP. 220). 


30 M. BPATHEP Bb. 


BacblawMuxh Bb Tpetbe Jymb, wbTb, KOHeCYHO, HUKARBX®S OCHO- 
sani. UM Toabko norpeOeHaHa Bb AYMCKHX apxuBax padoTH AyN- 
CKHXS KOMMHCCiH# 10 BOMPOCY 0 TpaKAAHCKOMS PaBeHCTBS H NO APYrHwt, 
CONPHRACaWMUMCA Ch HaliOHaIbHHMb, BONpOcaMh, CAyKaTb HAWES 
HalOMMHAaHieMs O ObLIOMB HHTepech HapOJHHXh UpeAcTaBeTeseH ED 
sToH GoabloH a caomHOM upoOxsemb pyccko waposHo ausHa. 

TbMb BaxHbe H HaCTOATCIbHbe MPACMOTPSTEGA Kb BTOMY BOLMpOCy 
OlHKe, BAHATLCA CFO TeOPETHYeCKUMb A@HAAIASOMD H XOTH CKOAbKO- 
auGyas HaMBTATh KOHKPeTHHe MyTA ero BOsMORHATO MpARTHIeCKATY 
paspbuenia. 


IT. 


f 


Hanionaabani BOUpOCb COCTaBIAeTb, HECOMBSHHO, OMHY Hb Hak- 
MeHbe HSCXBAOBAHBHIXS UpoO.ems Hallero BpemeHH. BnosHb mpast 
COBpeMeBHHIA aBCTpiackifi comiarb-jemonpars Tepros, 3aaBiaa, ITv 
<0 HalioHasHsM’b Ob140 HAaNHCAaHO OFeHb MaJO WhHHATO Bb HAydHOM' 
OTHOMeHINy, H ITO «HOnATIe HanioHaIbHOCTH Bb HAaCTOAMIee BpeMs 
OKPpyKeHO TakHMb Ke MHCTHYCCKHMD OpeOdOM’b, KAkb HbKOTAa I0- 
HaTie peaHrin» *). 

Hecmotpa Ha@ TO, STO, 10 MbrkOMy onpexbienim ge Borwe 
acTekmi XIX BBRB GbE «BBEOMD HalionalbHoctell»; ITO 0 He 
Menbe BbpHO XapakTepHcTHRS pycckaro asropa, B. M. Yera- 
HOBa, «9TO ObIb BEB HauioHaIbHHX’t ClomeHi Hw pasx0menili, 
pasHooOpasHHXb HaliOHAIbHHXb JBAKeHI, HauiOHAIbHHXh oObAD u 
yrueTenHii, Gopb6H Hanifi 3a npHsHauie, 3a CyecTBOBaHie, 3a Upe- 


-O6sananie» **), nbmMenki nyé1anucTh Pw_uroph mpaBh ObIb, saMwb- 


THBD BB 1865 1©., ITO <1PHHORUD HagioHaAbHOCTH He Hamers ee 
HaTah copabeyauBaro HM 4ecTHarO NpH3Hania» ***). I[[pHqHHt 
TaKOrO CTpaHHaro Ha DepBHi BSrasf{b BH, BO BCAKOMb Cay4dab, me- 
4U@4bHaro ABieHia umbetca wbcKombKO. TL mpemae scero ups- 
XOMHTb H& YMb CTAapHHHbli MBrKi adopH3Mb O TOM, ITO, ecan On 
MaTeMaTHueckiag aKCIOMHI SaTporHBasH GeXoBbyeckie HHTepechl, TO i 
HECOMHBHHAA HCTHHA, Tiacallas, YTO ABARTH ABA — veThipe, He 
HOAb30Balacb OB BCeOOIIMMb UpHsHaHieMb COBpeMeHHaro 4ed0- 
BbyectBa. HanionambBHa OTHOWeHIA JexaTb Bb caMOoH rymb 4exo0- 
BbyecKkuxXS oOTHOWeHIA, crpacreh u moTpeOsocrel, —BOTb lepBHH 
KAaMeCHb IIpeCTRHOBeHIA HA MYTH HXD CBOOOARAaTO H3CIbAOBAHIA. 

Halo DpH sTOMb NpusHaTb, ITO TPYAHOCTHS TeOpeTHYecKaro aHa- 
aH3a HalioHadbHOh uopobsembl uv, eme Oorbe — MpakTuyeckaro ed 


*) Op. Tepmurs. ComiarH3mMb H HALlOHaNbHLIA BOUpOCS, CT. Bb cOopHEkt 
~oanatH comiaHcTHyecKkoh KyubTypHl” Cu6. 1907, cTp. 662. 

**) B. M. Yomunoss. Une Hanionaipnaro rocyaapctsa. X. 1906, crp. 3. 

***) TJut. BB coy. B. Janescxarco: CuCTeMBI NOAHTHIeCKarO paBHOBbcia U 
ACPHTUMH3MA H HAYTAIO HALOHAIbHOCTH Bb HX B3aHNHOM CBABH. Cao. 1882; 


‘cTp. 239. 








HATIOHAJDHHIK BOMPOCD. 31 


paspbiuenia HeusMBpRMo BeauKa. Bb sToMb OTHOMeHIK BHOIHS 8a- 
KOHH2 aHalOrid MeKY WOLOKeHIEMb sTOrO BONpOCa H Apyroro, co- 
OTABIAHMAO HY Bb MCHBUTEH, a MORETS OLITS WH BS OOAbWeH cTeneHR, 
AG10KO COBpeMeHHATO NUIHTHYECKaTO paszopa, BOAHYWUaro 4 Tepsan- 
maro pycckie moauTHyeckie Epyrd. JI pasymbio sBoupoch arpapHMil. 
Bs nanionaibHo# mpobOsemb, Takb we Kakb A BB OONACTH arpapHare 
Bonpoca, saMbaaercsA TA Ke HUAAUBUAYAABHOCTL MIPOHHKANMAXE Jtpo- 
OACMY HHSHEBHHIXD OTHOIMEeHI#, Ta Ke CAORHOCTD POPME HU BIpame- 
Hit o6mectBeHHOH mu3Hn, Ta xe TpyasocTh Halira oOnlyio opMyay 
Aid YHUBEPCadbHaro Balpakedia TO OeskoueqAOs raMMbl o1acTHIAHXh 
KYIbTYPHLIXB NOTpPednocTeH, cBoeOOpasHHX'’h HATEPCCOBh, MHOTOPasaK4- 
HHXb sagays. [pa Tomb xe Bb sToh OG6racTH HeOOXONMMO CaMOCTOS- 
TeAbHOeG HW CM'BACe COMiOIOrHYeCKOe TBOPYeCTBO, AIA KOTOParO 103a,H 
MM'beTCd BECbM&a MAdO HCTOPHUeCKAarO ONHITA HM MOUTH HARAKKXS HCTO- 
PHUCCKHXDE TPasuifi, .a Blepequ HEMHHYeMO IIpeMBHAHTCA MHOFO Co- 
WiadbHAxXd Tpesifi H MACCA TOAHTHUECKHXE WpellaTcrsi. 

Ilosyuee HCTOpHyecsoe NosBaenie HanionalbHOH Aen H CAAOOCT, 
yee BCABAcTBie STOTO, eA ANTepaTypHOH Hu HayqHOH paspaboTeH Uper- 
CTABIAeCTS COOOKW PakTh, NPH2napaeMbl BCbMH HBCAbIOBaTeAAMHY STOH 
mpo6szemy. Ipod. Janescsii Bb OHTHpOBaHHOH yme HamH, cTapoi, HO 
BechMa GoraToH cogxepaaniemb, paoorb cupapexinBo oTmbiaers, TP 
Apesoifi Mipb He .8HaIb HHKAKRXB HauionaxbHocTeli; OH SHAab 
TOABKO TOCYAAPCTBA, CIOMHBMIscA NYTeMb SaBOeBaHiA H ABABMIACA 
KOHTAOMEPaTOMB CaMBIX’b pa3sHOXapakTepHHXb JeMeHS; HeCalOM'b 
Apepasro Mipa O10 ecemipHoe zocydapcmeo, caMoe NOHATIe 0 KOTO- 
pOMb poOTHBOphbauTs web caMOCTOATeAbAOCTH YOCYapcTBh A Ha- 
nmionaimbHocTeH. Cpexnie Bbka, Hayapmiieca BeIHKHMB MNepeceszeniems 
HA&POAOBS H CM'BMeHieMt Pa3sIHIBHIXt WICMeCHS, H3b KOTOPHXS H BH- 
IiAH COBPCMCHHHIA HaliOHaIbHOCTH, HaHeciu yYapb UpHHwANy eHA- 
cTBa, BhIIBAHYTOMy PumMoms. Cb pacnpocrpaneHiems XpucTiancTBa 
Bbpywomilt pb3sxo oTAbAseTCH OTb A3KITHHRA HK epeTHka, H MadO 0 
Maly OOpasyetca Aba BpamieORHXb Jarepa: Mipb s3nigeckifi a Mipb 
xpactiaucsifi. Bapoiems, pasBuTie sTo tTeBxeHniv O10 CKOpO 3a- 
AepRahoO HOBEIMB CTpemMieniemb KaTOomMyecKOH DepkBH Kb CHHCTBY, 
KOTOPCe FOAKHO OUIO OHITL AOCTHTaeMO HE TOABKO MpolarawAoH XxXpu- 
cTiaHcTBa, HO H HCTpeOHTeIbHHIMH KOhHAaMH HK HaCHIbCTBCHAHMS 
OOpallesieMb ASH4YHHKOBL Mu MaroMeraH’s. oruqeckHmMb mocr'bA- 
CTBieMb OSTHXL TeHJeHnifi ABHIaChb BeInKaad uMMepia Kapaa Besa- 
Karo. [lo spupamenio Jlupaua, Halli ABIHIOTCH «YKAIOHEHICME OTS 
Haeata WH MOUTH peBotonie npoTusb Bora: wauionaibace pasHoobpa- 
sie BBeIOCh MOCpeACTBOML Ypbxa, pasiHyie ABHKOBB OnA0 Nocaby- 
cTBieMb Walenia» *). 

Viaeb RaToanyeckaro CAHHCTBA HanoceH’b Ob yOificTBeHHHH 
yaapp pedopmaniet XVI Bhea, opoposraacuBmeli cpoboxy copbctu x 


— 





*) B. Janeccra, wnt. coy. cTp., 2389—243. 


32 | Me ob PATHEP b. 


crbsapleh persrit0 HHIJBBYULYaAbHHIMS FyBcTBOMD. Tlepenecenanit Bb 
Npexbanl MOAMTAVWCKOH AH3AH, IPOTCCTAHTHSMb MPHBeIb Bt RKeHvEX- 
HOM BhIBON'S Kb He NOAMTHYeCKOH CBOOOAH, OTKYAG@ OI TOmbRO 
OMHAD Marh JO AeMORPATiM H UpPH3Habid CBOOOAN HanionaabHoctel, 
SAKPBHOUHHHXE Cpexke-BBEOBHM CHHCTBOMS. Beaukas pesoannis, 
CMBAO MPOBOSTAaMAaBMad UpaBa WOBBKA, Nala WOAKTHIECRYW CaHyB- 
HilO IpHanAuy YexoubyeckOK aayHoctuH. «Lepsimb nocabsctsiems 
AOKTPHHE, BHICTABICHHOK paniysckow peporzwniew, OWXb cyBepenn- 
Terb (BepXOBeHCTBO) Hanif... Pesoswnia XVIII pbea orgpiBpaers co- 
60 spy HanionasbHocTel>. 

Takb ropopaTh npod. Jlanescsi *), H BL AOKasaTeABCTBO CBOGE 
-MHICIH IPHBOAHTS, Kazat0ch ON, KpacHOpbauBblaA CBUbTeIbCTBA, 3a- 
BMCTBOBAHHHIA H8b apceHala dpanlysckoH nomuTHyeckoh pusocodix 
H NyOAMOMCTHKH TOTO BpeMeHH. Takb, Bosbuet npeqzomuAD AeKRapa- 
me 0 MpaBpaxb Haposa, MO CMHICAY KOTOpoH Bech “eAOBBaecKI# por 
pascCMaTPHBAeTCH, KAKb O1HO OOMLECTBO, CyMecTByMMes MIA CuacTEA 
BCBXb H Kad ard 43 CFO YICHOBD; Bb HEM HApOLh pascMaTpHEBaWTCa 
KAaKb HHAUBHAYYMH, WOIbsyHMiecd TMH Ke CeTECTBEHAHMH TpaBaME, 
H, N0STOMY, HH OHH Hapog’d He UMETL pasa HH SaBOeBAaTA CO6- 
CFBCHHOCTH APYrHXb HapOJOBh, HH AHMATh HXb cBOOoAW. Koxgopce 
MPCAA0RHIb KOHBCHTY AeKAapali, Bb KoTopoH oObaABAAZOCS, 4TO 
- a@pannysckaa Hania we OyleTh HapylwaTh MpHpOsHHXb npaBs Apy- 
FAX AfeH H He HaneceTh ymlepOa HesaBHCHMOCTH APyrHX’s Hanife. 
KapHo yxe Bb lepioyb YOCHOACTBa MOHTAHbSPOBS MpHSHAaBadh 33 
Ramo Haniel «HeH3SMBHHOG NpaBO RHTb OTXBAbHO MAH CEHTLCA Ch 
KAPYTHMH; @paHUysH SHAWTb CYBEPeCHOBS TOALKO Bb CAMHX> Haniagxt 
WM CHCTeMa HXb CCTb CHCTeMa OpaTcrBa». AG6ars I'peryapb BD Ze- 
Kiapalit MesxYHApOAHATO paBa, APHHATOH KOHBEHTOM'’, TOBOPATS 0 
«He3aBHCHMHXb HH CYBCPeHHHXb HapOsaxb», KakOBO On HH OnUO 
«KOJHYECTBO HHIHBEAYYMOBb H NPOCTPaHCTBO TeppHTOpi#, 32HHMaAcMOk 
uMH». Hakonenb, yCTaMH KOHBeHTa Bb Oprans Pobecnobepa Mmposos- 
raameso, 4TO «upaTbceawmil ony Hain ecTb Bparh BChXb; BeRY- 
mii OpOTHBD Haposa BOHAY cb ThM'’b, ITOOH OCTAHOBAT YCOUBXA Ha- 
poAa H YHHYTORATS Upava YWeAOBSKA, AOARCHD ONTH UPecAbAyemMs, KAakb 
yOiina u pasOolinnEb» **), 

TopxXecTBOMb HalioHasbHaro NPHHUNa ABHIHCH, OAHAKO, He TOIBEO 
YKaSaHHHA HOURTKH O*PDuLiaIbHaro UpOBOsrAamenia w yTBepPAAePiA 
HauionasbHoH wXev, HO HM BHYOIMTCIbHLIA HCTOpHIeCcKia COGEITIS, 
oTpacmia Espoty Bcerbab 3a Beanko dpanuysckoH pesorD- 
WieH. I[pH oTOMb Hali0HadbHad TeHJCHUif MpHHAa B&G CBOCM'’ KOH- 
HPCTHOMb HCTOPHICCKOMb Ppa3sBHTiH Ba, KAKb OYATO ‘IPOTHBOMOZOR- 
HHIXb, HO BHIPOCHIMXb Hb OJHOTO KOPHA H MIPOHHEHYTHIXD OAHOH 
Bice wanpapsenis. [lpemje Bcero OOHapyeHIcA Mponecch tocTewesk- 


eee a 





*) Tamb xe, cTp. 245—246. , 
**) Tamb me, CTP. 260—262, 











HAI(OHAADHHIA BOPOCD. 33 


Haro H MOMACHHALO BHbAeHiag OTLBALAHIXD HaMiOH IbHHXSB ocysap- 
CTBCHHHXS CNHHHINb, KAKOBH! Cep6ia, Boarapis, Aepxoropia, Pymur- 
His, ApcTpia. Cb Apyrof cTopoHH, HaOawszaetca o6paTanit mponecch 
Halionasbuaro O6bexuueHia—BE Mraxig, Tepmania. Kart 6m TO HH 
6n40, BCh STH IPOMeCCH ABHAHCh BL KOHCYHOMS CIETS pesyAbTATOMS 
BAACTH H TOPACCTBA HAaNiOHAAbHOH BeH, IPHHHMaBMef TOIbKO pas- 
AHYHHA KOHEDCTHHA OPM! H UPHBOHBWeH Kb PasiaIHHMS NOAKTH- 
WCCKEME KOMOBHALIAME COOTBBTCTBCHHO pasHhoobpasin Thx HCTOPH- 
WeCEHXE YCAOBIH, KOTOPHA TATOTBAH HANS OTASADHWMH HAPOAHOCTAMH 
Bb HX 6oph6b 8a cBOW CaMOCTOATEALHOCTS H HeS&aBHCHMOCTD. 

WM rbwt ne wmenbe, HeCMOTPA Ha BECh STOTE XA0Ch NOYIBTCAL- 
HHXS HCOLOTHYCCKHXE BbSHIH BH KOHTAOMEPAaTS EPacHOpBIBBHXS 
HCTOPHYCCKAXS MAaKTOBb, HOAbSA CKASAaTb, ITOOH DWOIYIABMee TepBO- 
HAavaIbHHH TOAWEKS OT JCMORPATHUeCKAXDS Heh BexrHKOH paHlys- 
CKOH peBOAWMin TOpmecTBO HANiOHAAbHOH aeH COBepMuIO CBOH 8a- 
RUHYCHEHH AOTHYeCKIZ NYTS H UPHBeAO Kb SHAMS UpakTHYeCKUMD 
pesyibTatams, Peaxbanit ahaiHsb JaIbHbaMuXS NyTe# comiambHaro 
PasBHTiAd eBpONeHcEHXS CTPaHb UPHBOAETS KAR Pash Kb OOVATHHMS 
pesyaLtaTtams. Bpocaws Obran Beriay’b H& NOAOMHTeABNOE COsep- 
MAHi¢ HOPMS HalionasbHOH KASHH, IOCKOABKY OH'B DOAYYHAH CBOE BHI- 
paxenie BL Upotexme#, yee TepemuTo# HaposaMH MCTOPIA, H MBI 
Smbcb, Bb STOH mHBOHK sa6opaTopin YeAOBbIeCKAXS OTHOMCHIA H BSaHM- 
HOH Gopp6n, Hafizems osHOe mosTBepKAeHie TOIbKO TO BHICKAa- 
SaHHOH MEICIAH. 

IipH BHHMATeXLHOME pascMOTPBHiA OkaSHBaeTCH, ITO BCB CyMe- 
CTBYNOMIA KOHCTHTYHIB LoOpakawTb H3YMHTCABHOW CKYAOCTbH OT- 
HOCSINHXCH Kb HAMiOHAIbHOMY BOUpocy nosomeHiff, oTcyTcTBieM 
gakol On TO HA OHAO CHCTOME HallioOHaabHaro ~ pasa. 


»BeB noqaHHHe KOpoxencTBa, Gest pasiniid sBaHid H YHHOBS paBHhl 
Hpexb® sakoHomb. Bcb OAHHAKOBO MOALSYNHTCA [pax aHCKHMH H DOAHTHIC- 
CKHMH Dpapamn’. 

(Araibasckad KOHCTATYWIS). 
»DBearifi noxbsyetca no1HOf eBobo0n IpH HCUOBBANBAaHIH CBOHXS pe- 
unrioaHixs yobuyenifi*. 
(Huyepnuanackaa KOHNCTHTYHia). 

»Bcb upycakH paBHH neped 3akOHOM’. CocHoBHHa UpHBHUerin OTMB- 
Haporca. IlyOxHYHHIA NONMHOCTH paBHO AOCTYNHH ANA BCBXS, CHOCOOHHXS 
KE HX? OTUpPaBACHiN“’. 

(IIpycckaa xoncTuTynis). 

-Pasaudie pexHriosHHxt Bhpopagifi a HCHOBSAaHIA He C1yRUTS UpenAt- 
cTBiomt Kb upio6pbrenin rpamaHcKHXb H NOIBTHYCCKAXS UpaBdh H Kb AXB 
OCYMICcTBACHIN". 
| (PyMEIHCKaA KOHCTATYIIi&). 

HARI BUpaBh BLIOpaTE ce6% mpodecciio H pemecao NO cobcTBeHHOMY 
pueqenin... Kamau n0qjanHWa nolbsyerca upaBoM cBodcqHaro BLIXO,a 
wSO® cTpaHH... Kaxyomy oOipaTeim o6esfeieHa nomad cBO6oa COBBCTR... 
Ilomssosanie rpamJaHCKHMH H NOXHTHYCCKHMH UpaBaMH HO S8ARHCHTS OTb 
Bhpoucnoshyzania’. 

(CakcoHckas KOHCTATyHi2). 
@Pespars. Orabar 3 





34 M. B PATRHYEP DS. 


»Bcb cep6H paBHH nperz, 3aKkoHoNs. Cao6orza copbetn BeorpaHH densa’. 


(Cepexan Koncrurynis). 
»Bb rocyzapceTBb HBTS pasiAwia moO coc1z0BiAM®>. Bearish paBHW e- 
pelb 3aKOHOME~. 


(Bexbrifickas KoHCcTHTyHia). 
,~Bcb rpakljane paBubl Nepenb 3akOHOM®> H BCH On 6ezb pasiHyifli yoda- 


YHBAWTh HANOrA Bb TONbsy TocyAapcTBa, NpONOpMOHAaIbHO HX HMYMLCCTBEE- 
HOH COCTOATCIBHOCTH". 


([‘peyeckas rKouctarynia). 
,O& PeCMHTIOSHNA YOLKACHIA HHETO HC MOXCTE OHTL AHMCHE NOALZOBA- 
HIA BCBMA NOAHTHYCCKHMH H TpAaKTAHCKHEMA OpaBaMH‘. 


(Jlarckad KOHCTHTYHIA). 


Mi BHXHMS, YTO BO BCBXD KOHCTHTYNIAXS BL OTHOWMCHIA KB Ha- 
HivHaIbHOMY BOMpPOCY NpoOBeseud, TARD ChasaTb, METOAS ACKIWGCHIS. 
Beb KOHCTHTYHiH TiacsTb, 4TO HA perHTia¢, HH MpoHCxompeHie, HH 
cocaoBie H T. 2. HG CAYRATH NPeUATCTBIEME KS HCHOABSOBAHIW rpa- 
HlAHAMA Xb OOMeGeAOBSyecKnXS pass. HM wecoMHBHHO, ITO TARHMS 
He BSTA,OMb NPOHHEAYTO KOHCTATYNIOHHOCG SAKOHOAATe.IbCTBO H BS 
OTHOWMEHIN HanioHasbHOcTH, KOTOpas Jake WH He YOOMHHACTCA OTI'BAb- 
HO, OVUM OTORACCTBANeMA TO Cb peraTie, TO Ch MPOHCXORACHICME 
HT. 1. O6bacHeHIe TAaKOMY METONY MOCTpoeHia COBPeMOHHHIXS KOH- 
cTHTyHifi aerko HafitH BB cBOfcTBaX, H COxepRanin Toro MipoBosspb- 
His, WAO0OMb KOTOPATO ABHAHCh 9TH AKTH SAKOAOAATeAbHALO TBOP- 
4eCTBa. 

Tlocabanie 6naH DAO,OMb UpocBbrureabHaro ABAeHin XVII 
BbEAa, CTPEMHBIMNATOCd BONIOTHTL Bb KHBHb He ECTECTBEHHATO UpaBa,— 
aOcTpakTHaro, BbunaTO H HepyMuMaro, UpHHecmaro cb cO60W BOS- 
BHIMICHHYIO JekJapanii0 UpaBb yelOBbEAa H rpaxannHa *). 9roro «4e- 
AOBBEa H YTpaelakHHa» ajo OnAO, BO HMA BAeAta BCeOOMArO pa- 
BeHCTRA, AOCTParHpPOBaTb OTb BCbX'S PeAKTiOSHHXD, COCAOBAHXDL, EXAC- 
COBLIXE HT. 0. DyTb. HarionaabHocTh Mepemmsach MipoBosspbHin 
XVII wu nayaza XIX sBbra, kak O2HO 485 TAkBXb UpenstcrBili 
Kb OesipephIBHOMY WecTBiW YeloRbyeckaro uporpecca. H orpanaresb- 
HOG OTHOMeHic B8aKOHOMaTeAA Kb STOMY NOHATI ABASAOCh BOXES 





CCTECTBEHHHIME H COOTBBTCTBYHMMMS MIPOBOSspbHi TOT® BpeMeHH, 


HECMOTps Ha BCB OTbABHHIe NepawW Hw OxecTKH MICAH, COOPaHHHe, 
Kakb MEI BHAA BHIUTe, CTapaTeAbHOW pyKoW upod. JanepcKaro. 


IIpabaa, Bb OOweH COKPOBUMIAHITS B8akOHOMATeIbDHHXd TOAOeHIE 


UbHCTBYHOMUXD OypxyasHHXxb KOHCTHTYDIH o6pamaerTb Ha ceOa BHE- 


MaHié OJHHS 3aKOHOMaTeIbHHH NaMATHEERS, KOTOPHH CTOHTS Kab On 
OCOOHAKOMb H BHTOAHO OTIBGaeTCA ABCROABKO HHO Nosunie# 10 Ha- 


IioHaabHOMY Boupocy. A pasymbw ascrTpilickylo ROHCTHTYNIN, H3haH- 


*) ,ABTOPHI eCTECTBOHHO-paBOBHIXb onoOxeHiA UpHUHCHBaWTb ectTe- 
CTBCHHO-IpaBOBHIMb HOpPMaMb BBIHOCTh, HEHIMBHHOCTL, BCeOdmes, BHeBABH- 


cHMOe OTS MbcTa 3HateHie HT. J., POBOPATS O BCCOOMHXE NpabaxXh KARA! | 


YeNOBSKAa, Ka Naro rpaxTaHHHa, O BBYHOCTH H UPHPORXTCHHOCTH, HES8ABHCE- 
MOCTH OTb TOCYAapcTBeHHaro DpeAOcTaBleHix COOTBBTCTBOHHHXS UPABb H 
T. a.“ J. Lempascuyxté. Teopia npapa a rocyyapetza, T. Il, Cn6. 1907, erp. 690 








HADIO@BAIDEHIK BOUPOCE. 35 


nyo 2i-ro jxexa6ps 1867 roza Bb Burb «OcHOBHOIM rocyzapcTBeH- 
Hare 3ak0Ha 06% O6M|AXb 0paBaxh rpaxksakb». Bh stom «OcHOB- 
HOM 8aKOHS», HCTOIHHEH KOTOPAarO BOCXOJSTS ele Kb COPOKOBHIMS 
To.aMb Upomsaro BEA, MBI HaXOJHMB CIBAyIOMIia WoOI0meHIA, Ha- 
paBACHHHA Kb paspbuleniw Haviohasbuaro BONpoca HW yperyABpoBa- 
Hi) HalliOH@IbHHXt OTHOMeHI BB ABCTDpiH> 


Cr. 1. Jaa BcBxb DOTAAHHHXD UpeACTABICHHHIXS Bb pehxcparb Kopo- 
' JOBCTBb H 3O0MCUb YCTAHABIHBACTCA OOMlee Upaso aBcTpifickaro rpamjaH- 
CTBA&.. 

Cr. 2. BcB rpamyzane paBHHI Depelb 8akOHOM’s. 

Cr. 8. Beb rocyapcTBeHHHA JOUXHOCTH OJHHAKOBO JOCTYOHH! BCBM'D 
rpaxTabaM. 

Cr. 4. Cpo6oqHoe mepeqBHxeHic AMD H UMYINCCTBb BHYTPH rocyap- 
CTB& HO NOAYHHEHO HHKAKHMD OrpaHHieviaMe... 

Cr. 14. Bebb rapanrapyetca noaHaa cBo6oza BbpoucnoBbyzania Hu co- 
Bicru. [loubs0Banie TpakAAHCKHMH H MOMHTHYCCKHMH UpaBaMH He 3aBHCHTS 
OT) Bbpoucnopbyzagis. 

Cr. 19. BcB HapoquocTH rocyzapcTBa paBHOUpaBAH, AH Kaxyad Hapol- 
HOCTL HMBeTh HCNPHKOCHOBEHHOS UpABO HA OXpaneHie H pa3sBHTie CBOeH Ha- 
WiOHAIBHOCTH HW CBOeFO ASHIK. 

TocyyapcTso UpHsHacTh paBHONpaBHOCTL BCBXb MBCTHHIXD ABHIKOBb Bb 
mxkoub, yopablensin u oO6mjecTBeHHOA xKH3HH. 

Bp semMiaxtb, rb o6HTaeTh HBCKOALKO HApOAHOCTeA, TocyjapcTBeHHHIA 
YUCOHHA ABC ROCHIA NOMKHH ObITh TAK YCTPOCHH, YTOOH KAK1aA H3b ITHX'b 
HapoyunocTeh, He Oyqy4H BHHYKAaeMa Kb uByIeHIN BTOpOro MBCTHAMO AsHIKa, 
MOTZA HA CBOCMD A3EIK'S NOAY aT BCS HEOOXOAHMHA D8 O6pas0BaHiA cpeycrsa. 


Visi0ReHHEA NOOKCHIA H H8b HUXD, OCcOOeAHO, MpecaoByTHH § 19 
aBcTpifickoH# KOHCTHTYOid BHITOAHO OTAHWaeTCA TSMb, YTO Bb HHXD 
OUpexbACHHO TOBOPHTCA O HaposHOCTAXb OOb XB UpaBax, 0 mB- 
paxb, HeOOXOAHMHXS Eb OrpakseHi STHXS UpaBn. YAOBICTBOPANTS 
HH, ONHAKO, CBO@MY HasHadenii eTH nosOmeHia? MoxHo AM Bb 
HHXE YCMOTPBTb HBKOTOPyH CHCTeMY HaliOHaIbHHXb UpaBb, UpH- 
TOXHyH EB YOBAeTBOpeHiW Hali0OHAIbHHXxb oTpeOHOcTe H Kb 
YCTPaHeHiW) HaliOH@IbHHXb KOH@ANETOBL? Ha sTOTb BOMpOcd He- 
OOXONHMO AQTb OTPHUATeabHHH OTBSTS, KakOBOH ye WH and BCBMH 
TOCYAaPCTBOBBAaMH 4 UYOAHWACTAMH, KaCaBOIMMHCH aHnaro 6BO- 
mpoca. Ilo mabaim Eaanneka, cr. 19-ag «cTHausHpoBanha He-WpHAE- 
yeckH». CraTbad 9Ta JHMeHa KOHEPeTHaro cogepmaHis. Ona ckopbe 
YEASHIBaeCTh HA B8AaKOHOMATeICTBO, KOTOPOe elle AOIRHO ObITb COsAaHO, 
HO Be COMCPRUTE BL ceOb ThXb HOPM'D, KOTOPHA Bb AbicTBUTeIbHO- 
CTH CDOCOOHH! OFpaguTh ykasaHHbe BE sTOH cTaThb anrepecnt *). Ha 
Ty xe «OescowepmarTerbHocTh» cr. 19-of yRasbiBaeTb u Apyrof# wpucrs 
Tepuputrs. [lo ero MABHIW, cTaTha oTa COsePRUTS Bb ceOb Anmb «06- 
iis HEONPeNBICHHLIA, He-lOpHynIeCcKia» NOLOReHIA; Bb AYIMeMB Cay- 
yaB sfbcb HXeTS pbab 06% OCHOBHOMS OLOKeHIH, 0 MpHAAIS, KO- 





*) Dr. Georg TIellinek. System der subjectiken Otfentlichen Rechte, 2-te 
Aufl Tubingen 1905, § 99—100. 
3% 


36 M. B PATHE Pb». 


TOPHM emme HYKAeTCH Bb AAI SHMeMS BAKOHOAATCABHOMD OLIpPeNbse- 
HiH H pasBHTin *). 

CMHICIb STHXE XapakTepHcTuES 19-ro § asctpificko# roncraryniz 
—aceHb. HM sta sakoHOxaTesbhad HOpMa, ONpeyxbaeHHO YToBOpsmasg 0 
IpaBpaxh HaliOHaAbHOCcTeH, DOCTpoeHwa 0 THNY ACKAapalin MpaBs We- 
JOBBEa H ITpamgzanHHa. Ho ecaH H He COFAaMAaTECA Cb SHAMCHHTHMD 
TCOPCTHEOMDS YTHIHTApHsMa HewTaMOMb Bb TOM’, ITO ACEAApallid «1H- 
MmeHa peaxbHaroO NOAHTHYECKATO cOmepmania» H COMCPRATS BB ceGb 
IHIb «6escojepxaTerbHHs Nadoch», Yo Bce Ke HeAbSA He MOAMHCATL- 
CH NO} CAOBAMH HaanHeKa, ITO UPHHUHON ACKAapalix <Tpio6pbraw4Trs 
HHSHOHHOG BHAdeHie TOABKO PH AeTAAbHOH sSakOHO,AaTeABHOH paspa- 
6oTrkb» **). Ho rao paspa6oTkofi Aaxzeko He OTaHGaeTca BH § 19, 
HH pov DUTAPOBAHAHA CTaTbH ABCTpificko# KoncTaTynig. [paanEns 
JOAKCHCTROBAHIA, TOIKA SpbHIA RCAATCABHOCTH Bb HHXD 3aMbHAWTS 
KOHEPeTHOe lOpHAWYeCKOe cofepmanic. Thu Ooxrbe, ITO HA Bb ORHOH 
H8% HTHPOBAHHHIXb cTaTe He HMBETCH CKOXBEKO-HHOYAb TOWHATO 
ykasaHiad Ha por H cOxepHanie ThXS rapaHTifi, KoTOpHMEA O6esIeqH- 
Baloch OH OCyMecTBAeHie NPOBOSTAaMeHHAarO TAM} HAaliOHAsbHAarO paB- 
Honpanis. «Kalas HapUMHOCTh uUMmBEmMs Henpunocnosennoe npaco HA 
OxpaneHie H pasBuTie cBOeH HAaliOHAaXbHOCTH H CBOCTO ASHIKa». «I'0- 
CYNAPCTBeHHHA YICOHHA saBeseHia Gonacny tims TAK YCTPOCHH...» 
Bce sTO—OfHH omexaHif H JOMReCHCTBOBaHia 6e3% TOOHOM H KOH- 
KpeTHOH KOHCTPYKDIH NpaBOBHXh HOPM’b, HalpaBAeCHHHXb Eb OCylle- 
CTBICHIW IPH3HaHBHXb UpaBh rpamianb. <IipaA Takaxb ycxoBiasxs>, 
—DIpPaBHIbHO saMbuaeTb Pyxoabhs [Inpaureph,—<«npaponoe nox0xe- 
Hie Hain Bb BHcMeH cTeneHH wmaxkoe... HaniénasbHaa ayes... HE 
MOKCTL YIOBACTBOPATbCA RAAKHMH HAYTORANMH DOAAIRAMH, HE Aaw- 
IHMH BOBCe NpaBoBok caHkoin HamioHAAbHOMY KOAAeETHBY H OGbmMAa- 
HMHMH HHAHBEAYYMY AHWb GescosepxarembHoe paBHoupasie... § 19 
SBIACTCH, OSTOMY, AHDIb pOBOSBBCTHHEOMS TOYO BOXOTOFO BBKa, 
KOrAa HACTYHHTb HCTHHHOG paBHoupaBie; stoTbh § ecTb cBoero poxa 
61ecTamifi saKoHoxaTexbHHTH delepBepkt, KOTOPHH <CBBTHTS, HO He 
rpbern» ***). 


*) Dr. Rud, Herrnritt. Nationalitat und Recht, Wien 1889, S. 52—656. 

**) T. Haaunens. Jloxnapanid npaBb Ye1oBBKa H rpamyannHa. Ilep. cb 
Hbu. 3-e way. M. 1906, crp. 1—5. 

**%) Rud. Springer. Der Kampf der dsterreichischen Nationen um den Staat. 
1902 S. 20. Bt atoms COUBHOHIH, COCTABIAWIIOMS 61Ba AH He HAaHGOAKe OectTa- 
Wifi TpyAb UO HanionaIbHOMy BONpOocy Bb nocabAHee BpeMa, UInpunsteps n0Apos - 
HO aHaIHsHpyeTb H IPHYIBHH CTONL HOYNOBICTBOPHTOALHArO COCTOSHIA COOT- 
BSTCTBYNOOMaro BakKOHOaTesbcTBa aBcrpiACckoA H ApPyruxs KouctuTynis. Ons 
BLIABHTAeTh Waswbe CBOW CAMOCTOATCIBHYN CHCTOMY HAIMMOHAILAHXS IpaBb— 
HanionanbHot aBToHOMIH* —noxbsynumleiica Bb HACTOADIC® BPOMA NOTH BCe- 
OOMHM®S UpHsnaniems. OTa Teopia [lupnurepa, Bb cBa3H Cb HOOOXOJHMHIME 
KPRTHYCCKHMH 3aMBIAHIAMH H BHITCKADMANH H8b HEA NOUHTHICCKHMH BHI- 
BOWaMH, OYACTh MHOW DOApPO6HO HAslumeHa Bb OMHOH BBE NOCIBAYOMEXd 
ruaBh, HacTonmeh pasoTH. 3uBch Re A CieIb HOOOXOABMEIME IHL UpHBe- 
CTH MBTKIA OT3HBS [lupaxrepa o § 19 asctpifickoh koHCTHTYOIH. 


HamionalbaHi BORPUCS. 39 


Taxopo Goxbe whwb HeyAOBACTBOpHTeALHVe cocToagie wbitcTByN- 
mraro eBpolefickaro SAaKOHOMATOALCTBA BS O6AACTH HalOHAIbHAarO BO- 
mpoca. O6pamasch Teleph Kb ABHAKCHIN NOAHTHICCKOH HHSHH H Kb 
TeYCHIN MOXHTHUECKOH MHICAH, Cb CHAOM Heupeodopamaro ucTOpHye- 
Ckaro Iponecca AOMANIEXS ycTapbIne YCTOH H BOAYWKXD KD He- 
WpecTaHHOMY TBOP'YeCTBY HOBHXD opm OOnlexuTia, ME Hafizems, 
"70 H srbcb AaxekO He BCe OGcTONTS OxaronoazyyHO. Bs ehepb Syp- 
HYASHHXS Beosrit H Bb UpPOTpaMMaxD OypRyasHwWxh WOAATHICCKAXS 
apTifi ME He Halizemb Bb OO2aCTH HamioHasbHaro BONpOCca H Ha- 
WioHaAbHHXS TeweHifi pOBHO HHWELO, SACAYRHBAWMALO CKOABKO-HHOYAb 
cepbesHaro BHHMAaHia. HW opHdHHH TakOrO ABAeCHIA BHOAHS NOHATHH. 
Bypayasia, kaxb E1acch, uoKoWMilica Ha ONpexBACHHHXS SKOHOMH- 
YECKHXE OCHOBSaHiAXS H UPOHHEHYTHA onpexbrcHHOH noauTHueckot 
lcHxos0rie#, He OpescTaBAseT cO6oW sxzeMeHTA HacexeHis, SanHTepe- 
COBaHHAarO BB cKOpbitiems paspbuenia HanioHamHo mpoOzemHl 
PANHEAABHOM'S YCTPAaHeHiA HaliOHAAbHHXh KOHMPARKTOBE. Cropbe Jame 
HaoG6oporh. JAKTYeMad ECTOCTBCHHHMDS XONOMS SKOHOMHUCCKON OBOn- 
Wi, TOPrOBad NOXHTHEA COBPeMeCHHALO KANHTAXMCTHYECKATO OOMeCTBA 
IPHBOAETS KB Gbwenot Doron’ 3&8 BHBINHHMH PHHEAMH, KOTOPHE 
CTaHOBATCA Thus Oorbe HeOOxXO,UMHIMH, ThMb OoXbe BHYTPH Kapok 
KallATaJsHCTHIeCKOh CTPaHW NOAKAMABAWTCA CHAM BHYTPeHHATO MOTpe- 
OuTezd BE pesyxbTaTs OpaToyOilicrBesHo# ExzaccoBol Ooph6m u 6e30- 
CTAHOBOUHAaNO HBBAeyeHia Upa6asowol croumocta. Bubouie pHs 
CTAaHOBSTCH RUSHEHHOM HOOOXOXHMOCTBID KAMHTAAHCTHYeeKarO CTpOS, 
HyMMawWMmarocd BO Bee OOAbMIEML KOABYECTBB MBCTE JAA HpHAOKEHIA 
KAUHTALOBL # COnITa TOBapoBS. Ha eto 0s ecTecTBeHHO BOSHH- 
KaeTh [pO8Had 00 CBOHMb SKOHOMMYCCEHME NOCKBACTBIAME CHCTEMA 
TAMORCHHHXE B8ACTABh H OXPAHHTCADHHXS NOMABHS. SLBCh KC BHPO- 
CTaWTb HalpaBACHHHA Kb SECOAyaTalin Bce TOTO Ke BAOCIACTHALO 
KAIHTAAHCTHYCCEALO NOTpeOuTeIA TPCCTH, KAPTOAH, CHHAHEKATH. TyTs 
we MH Hafijemb H peaabHe KOpHH HOBBHMeH KosOHiasbHOH DoxzH- 
THKH, LojapuBmek kKanaTasMcTHyecKOMy Mipy He TOABEO pad Goxbe 
H3H MeHbe JOBKHXS AWNAOMATHICCKAXD LeperowOpoOBh H coraameniff, 
HO H SEPOBOUPOAHTHHXS BOfind. Dlonuxenie HOpMH UpHOnxH Bb 
CTPaHaxh Cb 8acTapbIHMb KRAaUHTaIW3MOMb TOHHTS EalkTalh Bb HO- 
BHA MOAOAHA CTPAHH, HO STH DOCKBABIAZ, Bb CBOW OFePeAb, BOSBOLATL 
H@ CBOeH 109BB co6cTBeHHOe sfanie poxHOTO RamaTaIHsMa, H BOliga 
K&MHTAIHCTHYCCKHXS UMpomsBoquTeseH, KOHKYppeaDia MORAY OTABIb- 
HEIMH TOCyxapcTBamH, OparoyOificrsehHad BsaHMHad BOHHA pasHolse- 
meHHOM O6ypayasin craHoBATca Bce omecTOueHHbe. HM Bb stot 6pato- 
yOificTBeHHos Bofnh, TXB ABHXYMANS BMIYALCOMS ABAAETCA CTPEMIe- 
Hie Kb TOpropow# UpHOHAd, a opyjiama GoppbOH—kalATast, TOBapd H 
TUPFOBHA KOHBWHETOPH, ¢OBpeMeHHad Oypmyasid ABIACTCA HOCHTEC- 
zeM® HOBOH, «<HMMepiaxHcTcKOH» NOAMTHEH, KOTOpad 10 c¢BOoe# upH- 

wb, 00 CyUecTBy H NcHxXux0rM¥ecKOMY COJepmaHin cBoeMy Tray60KO 
OTAHGA@CTCH OT BOPXOBHALO KpHTepia crapofl MaHYecTepcKOH moxH- 


38 fw. B PaTaAEP tb. 


ragu: «laisser faire, laisser passer». Hak copepmieHHo BbpHe saut- 
yaeTh 00 eTOMY OBOLY aBcTpilickif aBToph wHTepecHaro HoBbE- 
maro Hw8cXbAOBaHia 0 HanionaxbHoMy Bompocy, Otro Bayeps, 
<cTapad aHTaifickad cucTeMa CBOOOAH TOPTOBIH Onxa *KOC.MonosUmU- 
wecxou; OHA CTPeMHAACh PasOpBaTh TAaMORCHHHA [PaHHO, 0OH& XOTBIa 
BeCh MIP UpeBpaTHTb Bb ONY xXossHcTBeHHyM oOOsacTs. MemryHa- 
pogwoe oObexnHeHie TPyYXa OARHO OO OObeERHHATD HapodH,; 
HE Bb KEpOBaBOMB 601, & Bb MHPHOMS COpeBHOBAaHiH Hapom 
JOAKHH ONAN MBPATLCA CBOHMH CH1aMH», HO «He TaKOBL HOBbAMIL 
nMOepialnem». [locxbanii He cTpeMHTCa kb Mpespameniw BCbxS 
CTPaHb Bb OAHHYW XO3sHcTBEHHYH OGxacTb, a PeBHOCTHO OTTOpams- 
BaeTh DOWARHAMH CBO coOcTBeHHHH pHHOKS. «OHb He MEITACTS 0 
Mapb, a TOTOBATS BOkHy». Coppemenuas Oypmyasia WaeTh «He KOCMO- 
IOAHTHYCCKHXS AnOePaduBh, & HaliOHAALHLIXh HMMepiasHCcTOBL». Jas 
TARHXT «HAliOHA@IbHHXb BMMepiaxHCTOBb» HAaAHYHOCTh MOAIHHCHHNXD 
HalionaabHocTel, akTh cyMecTBOBaHIiA HalioHadbHaro THeTa BeCbMa 
mezatezeHb. Bee sro o61eryaers 6ypayasia rocnogxctByHmek Hanio- 
HAABHOCTH OKOHOMHYCCKOS TOCIOACTBO A KANHTAAHCTHYCCEYW 9KCHAya- 
ramiw. «HWpearomb COBPeCMeCHHArO KANHTAaIv8Ma SABAACTCA, OSTOMY, 
COBChMh He HaYtoNasonoe tocgdapemeo (Nationalstaat), HO zocydapemso 
(cocToallee 43b HBCKOIDKHXS) Haytonanonocmed (Nationalitatenstaat), 
Bb KOTOPOMD IPH TOMS OHA TOABEO TOCHOACTBYWMad HaliokaibHOcTh 
HOIbByeTCA H SECUAYATHPYeTS, & OCTAXbHHA BCeIBAO OTAAHHI eft BO 
BaacTh»>. «Mmnepiaaucruyecki# HalioHadbHHt NpHHIIb—eAHECTBO 
H cBO6oAa cBOeH Haid MH TOCHOACTBO Haj’ BCBMH APyruMa HaposaMu» *). 
Tako «HalioHalHsMb» cBOHCTBeHeEHS coBpemMeHHok Oypmyasin 
H 10 MOTHBAMB Apyroro, 6oxbe BHYTpeHHATO xapakTepa. Bb ka- 
HHTAIHCTHYCCEOMS OOmecTBS GOypmyasid ABAACTCH KNACCOMb, AHBY- 
UM Ha CueTh UpH6apowol CTOHMOCTH H OFpaRIAaWDIHMb CBOe Ma- 
TepialbHoe Oxaronolydie H WOAHTHYeCKOe TOCHOACTBO NOCpeACTBOME 
TuaBHaro cBoero opylid—kaAaccoBol 6oppOm. A cymecTBoBaHie B8anM- 
HHXD Halli0OHasbHbx'’b TpeHi, OesKOHCIHHIXD HalioHalbHbixt KOHMAME- 
TOBb, BOOOMIe HeyperyaupoBahie HalioHaIbHaro BOUpOca, — BCe STO 
NOJAMBaeTh BOAY Ha OypRyasHyW MCALHANY, BCC 9TO HACTS HA MOABSY 
Oypmyasi, WOCKOABKY cCyMecTByWMee HalioHadbHoe HeycTpocTBO pas- 
CTpaHBacTS CITPOHHHG PATH apMid Mposzerapiata Ho BOOOMe TpYAOBEIXS 
MaCCb, BHOCHTS Bb WLIakOMbpayW kxaccoByl GoppOy wbeoTopoe 3sawsb- 
WlaTeAbCTBO 10 AJHHIH HaliOHaIbHHXxt Wbrenii, 3aTeCMHACTE KAACCOBOCe 
cosHanie HW OCcaaOIAeTh CHIy EK1accOBaro CONPOTHBIeHIA TPyAOBOrO Ha- 
poxa. OUrro Bayept upaBaibHO saMbuaers, ITO UPA COBpeMeCHHOM wWa- 
TioHadbHOMD HeycTpoictssS MyquTeibHas GopbOa 3a obmis HalionHars- 
HHA Olara, 3& HHTepecht cBoeH HanioHaabHOH KYALTYpHi (WIKOIH, X3K- 
TepaTypH], H T. I.) FACTO HEBOIbHO OOBCAMHACTS Bb ONY APMIW Wpex- 


*) Dr. Max Adler u. dr. R. Hilferding. Marx-Studien B. Il. Otto Bamer. 
Die Nationalititenfrage und die Socialdemokratie. Wien. 1907, 8. 4745, 6032, 











HADIOHAIBBHHA BOIIFOCh. 39 


CTABHTeIOH AHTALOHHCTHICCKHXS E1ACcOBb. Bb pesyabTaTb <Haceze- 
Hie ABIBTCA Bb NOIUTHICCKOH Oopp6B we Ha EAACCH, paciAeHswMieca, 
BL CBOW OFeEPeAb, 16 HALiOHAIbHHIMS IpyulaMb, & HA Halliw, COCTOS- 
Wid B3b PasIHIAHXt EAaccoBh». Ha upakTacB BecbMa 4ACTO, Yo- 
BopaTs Bayeps, comiargeMonpaTH ono HaninnaabHOcTH Ha BHO60- 
paxb YToJOCyWTS UPOTHBS CBOHXS RC TORapALleH, NpHbaqemallaxs 
Kb Apyro# HanioHaIbHOCTH H He KeAAWMAXS, NOSTOMY, DOMepRaT 
BXb HaliOHaIbHHNA TpedoBanisd; HAOCOOPOTh, UPOMCXOAHTS HEeCTeCTBEH- 
Hoe OObeqaHeHie Oypxyasin Hu UpoxeTapiata ono uw To xe Hanio- 
HaAJbHOCTH BO UMA OOpbhn 3a CBOH HauionaibHWe HHTeEpeCH UPOTHBS 
COe@AHHeEHHOM apMin Oypxyasia Ho Upoxetapiara spyroh HamioHaab- 
HOCTH *). 

TakOBH UPHIHHH HeSAHHTepecOBaHHOCTH eOBpeMeHHOH Oypxyasin 
BB paspbmenid HanionambHoH upo6zeMHE H, Bb CBASH Cb STHMS, 
OTCYTCTBiA y eTOH Oypayasid CEOIBKO-HHOyAB sapKo HanioHaxbHod 
porpamMMEl. 

Vsa0meHnnnlli aHalH3sb CBOeH, Takb CkasaTb, OTPHUaTesbHOw cTo- 
pOHOi NPHBOAUT CCTECTBCHHHM’S AOTAYCCKHMD NYTeEMD KB OOPATHHIM'S 
pesyJbTaTaMb Bb OTHOMeEHIH ApPyrOrO kKAacca COBPeMeHHArO KanUuTa- 
aucTayeckaro o6nlecTBa—TpyAOBHx® Maccs. Llocarbania, pexrbuiaun 
CCTECTBCHHHXS YCAOBii cBOero CYMeCTBOBaHig HalHcaBWia Ha CBOeM'’D 
SHaMeHH OOpb6y MpOoTHBh KalWTadHcTHYeCKOH okCHAyaTalia w cNaya- 
Hie HOBarO OOMECTBCHHALO CTPOA HA COMAIHCIBYCCKAXD Haiarsaxh, Tay- 
60KO 8AHHTepeCOBaHH Bb TOMB, YTOON Cb AOPOrA DAaHOMBpHOH w nocEb- 
HOBATCABHOK Kxaccosoll GophOn Onan yOpasE DOCTOPOHHiA DpenAtcrsig, 
SAaJCPRUBAWMIA UPABHIbHnH xoxb sToH OoppOn A ocazadIAWMia CHAY 
oObexnHeHHOH TpPyxOBOH apMiH BB ea OMECTOVCHHOH cxBaTRB cB Oyp- 
axyasie. A OXHHMb H8b TAKHXS MpensATcTBii, Rakb yRe On1A0 BaMb- 
GeHO, ABIACTCA PAKTh HAMiOHAILHHXS Abiewii BHYTpH TpyAAMExea 
Macch,—abreHifi, KOTOPHA WAcTO passpoOimwWTS crpofinwe payH Oop- 
OB) 8&2 SKOHOMHYCCKYH HW DOAHTHUCCKYW CBOOOLY A 8aCTAaBAAWTb UXS 
HATH H& BPeMCHHHe CORSH Cb IpyNlaMn OLnONAeMeHHOH Oypmyasigz. 
Bors wovyemy Hafird KOHKpeTHHIA MopMH blecoo6pasHaro paspbue- 
Hid HauieHagbHaro Bonpoca, H806pbcTH KANYS Kb PacKkpHITIW Halio- 
H@AbHNXb KOHMABRKTOBS, BBCCTH HAMiOHAIbHYN AA3Hb Bh CH ECTECCT- 
BeHHOG pyckO—BCe STO CTAHOBHTCA MHSHEHHOW HEOOXONUMOCTEH TPy- 
HAMBXCH KAACCOBS, UX KOHEIHOH Bagazel, HxXb HECOMHAHOW ACTOPA- 
gecko Muccielo. MH coniaxHsMb, Kakb cHcTeMa COliaabHaro MipoBO3- 
SpbHia, OAyXoTBOpeHHaro OcHOBHOH uzeel orpaxleHia HHTEpPeCoBS Tpy- 
HADIMXCA MACCh, 10 camMoH upspoxb croei uw no ocHoBHO# mban 
CBQHXE KOHCIHHXD cTpemMienil, cBA8aHb Cb HeOOXOJHMOCTLID BHDpa- 
OoTEH oNperbsenHoh a crpo#sof HanioHasbHo porpaMMH, Kakb 
OAHOH H8b COCTABHHXS yacte comiamHcTH4ueckaro MHIMIeHig. Ipast, 
OSTOMY, aBcTpiickif pepusionucTs Tepris, samMbiag, ITO «Haliona- 





*) Otto Bauer, Ilmr. cow., 8. 564. 


40 MW. B PATHEP 4. 


XH3ME H COMiaXH8Mb, ABTH OAHOH MATePH», XOTH OHH «BL HacTosMes 
BPeMA BeAYTS MemIy co6oW omecTOIeHHyW Oopb6y» *). ; 

TlocMoTpHM® Tellepb, R&KOBO cOcTOsHie COBpeMeHHaTO cOliaAHCTH- 
yeckaro MipososspbHia BB OG1acTH HAalioHasbHaro BOpOCA. 


Ti. 


HamionassHHf BOIpOCS COCTAaBISeCTS OXHO HBS CaMHX CUOPHEHXS 
H, MOHHO CkAasaTb, OOALHHXDS MBCTE BS TeOPiH H UPAKTHEB COBPeMeH- 
Haro comiaxucTHaeckaro ABuxeHia. KopHewB copa a pasHorzacili 
ABAAOTCH HCH O BSAHMHOMB COOTHOMICHIH Hxeala wUnmepnaylona- 
Aus, HANBCAHBAO HA SHAMCHH BCBXS COBPCMCHAHXE COMAIHCTH- 
YECKHXD WapTi#, cb ono CTOPOHH, H Heada COBepmMeHCTBOBaHiA 
Kaxioh oTxbabsok AanienarbHocTH cOOTBETCTBCHHO Cb HHIHBHAYyalb- 
HHMH YCAOBiGMH eS A3HH — CB Apyro#. Cxblyers UpH osTows 
OTMBTHTb, ITO KOHAHETS MCKAY STHMH JABYMA CTOPOHAMH BOMpoca 
CPaBHHTeAbHO HOBaTO Mponcxomsenia. Ilo cnpabexaHBOMy saMbuagiw 
X. HHATAOBcCKAaTL, ABTOPA OAHOTO ASE PAHHHXD DWpowsBexeuil, Wocss- 
IM@HHHXE paspasoTreb HanionHasbHaro BOmpoca cb coniaincrHyecko# 
TOURH spbHia, «sHaMeHHtTas Meacdynapoduaa accoyzauta padoxure, 
TAKB HashiBaemH Humeprayionass, KOMIETCHTHOCTD KOTOPAarO BS 
WhxAaX® HHTePHAMiOHAAH3Ma HHETO HE CTAaHeTS OCUapHBaTb, NOHMMAIE 
CBOH OCHOBHOH UPHHUHIS MeRyHAPOAHOCTH He HHAYe, KAE Bb CMH- 
cXb CHHTC3& HAaNiOHaIHSMA H KOCMONOIHTHSMS»; ITO, Ch TOUKH Spbuis 
Wnteppaniogarza, <padouee ABuReHie BMBeETS BCHAY cBoeH upexno- 
cHAKOH cB06oAH0e H IVBAOCTHOG HaliOHaAbHOe pasBHTie>, H «Fame 3a 
malbimie HalioHaxbBHOCThH OARHO OHTh OGesneieHO cBOOOAHOe 4H 
CAMOCTOATCABHOG CyMecTBOBaHie>» **). Takh, BACTBHTeILHO, OGCTORIO 
DpH6ju3HTeABHO WBAG BO BpeMewa cTaparo MuarTepHanionasza. Ho He 
TOBOPA YK O TOMS, ITO H BS DHTHPOBAHHHXS CAOBaXb COACPMHTCA 
ropaszo Goxbe o6mHaxt sawbuanift, vhwb KOHKPeTHHIXA yrasanifi Ha 
' peaibabie NYTH paspbmesia HatioHaabHaro Bonpoca, Kaytcriff copep- 
IMeHHO UpaBh, 8ambiag, ITO «Torya (BO Bpema YutTepHamionasa) eme 
He O6bJO MAPKCHSMa, He OBO eG MKOXNH H HaUpaBleHia, KOTOPELA 
OCHOBHBAIHCh 6H Ha NOHHMAHiM efo TOUKH sSpbHid H MeTO,a. Mapx- 
CH8Mb, KARb NOAMTHUCCEIH PakTopb,—asBreHie coBpeMeHHOe, KOTOPOS 
HOAbSA OTHOCHTA Kb ON0XS Uutepsanionaza» ***), 

«CoppemenHos aBiecHio»>—MapKCHSM®, FhACTBHTCALHO, BBCI HEPAK- 
HY yTaHany Bb OHHMAaHie HalioHasbHaro BODpoca, NyTaHany, 
KOHEIE KOTOPOH HAdHHaeTS NPeABHABTECA AHS BL HAWK AHH. Rama 


*) Op. Tepmus. Coniannesmt H HamionaNBHHA Bompocs, crp. 662. 

+*) X. Kumasoecsti, ConiamnsMb H HalioHaxbaHf Boupocs. H-so ,Cepus", 
H3q. 2-e, Cu6., 1907, erp. 13—18. 

*#*) K. Kaymexiti. Iipequcaopie xb KHHTS B. Konwmedma: ,ArpapHu® s0- 
mpoeb Hw eonians-nemoKparia~. K. 1906, erp. 5. 











HAT(OMAZSHHM BONPOCS. 41 


Kb BHACHCHID TOTO KROAOCCAABHALO HEfOpasyM'BHIA, KOTOPOS OnIZO CBa- 
8aHO Ob NOHHMAHICML HaliOHasbHaro BONpOCa Bb MAPECHCTCKOMD 
mipoBossphHix H KOTOPOe Ha AOATO NpPEAOMpeABABAO HO TOABKO OOM NYT 
PasBHTia COMMaAHCTAYeCKOH MEICAH, HO H ONpeXBACHHNE Mara BD oToH 
o61acTH, MH HaligjemMs BD UCTOpin rpaHAiosHaro ABAxeHisa—uHTepHA- 
WioHasbHaro MposeTapiata. Bb sToMb OTHOMeHIH HeOOxoAHMO Upexre 
BCerO OTMBTHTb, ITO CHCTOM& HaywHaro ComiaxHsma, BCerqa CAy- 
KHBIIAaH H CAyKaMad Telleph useHoH onopoH oeToro ABHKeHIA, 
cosqaHa pH ycAOBiaxh, Kakb 6H UpesHasHaYeHHHXS AAA BHOpE- 
popania nanionarbHof mpobjeMH. 

Hakb MHS UPAXOMHAOCL YO TOBOPHTD BS APYTOMD MBcCTB *), BoA 
HCTOpHeckad OGcTaHOBRA, CONPOBORAAbMad pommeHie Ba CBBTS Bowifi 
H faibHbimee HalpaBreHie FhATeIBHOCTA TepMaHCKOH coniaxb-7eMORpA- 
TiH JO HAMAX AkeH, cb, HEYMOAHMON AOrHFeCKOH NOCKbAOBATeABHOCTLD 
KH exboHoh HeOOXOAHMOCTBH Bea Kb TOMY, YTOOH HanionarbHas 
npo6szewa Oba NOITH BCeNbAO BIHOPUPOBaHA HA POAHH'S TBOPIOBL 
HaywHaro coliaan3mMa. Cucrema HayyHaro comiatusMa, co3laHHad 
Mapscomb H QHTeXbCOMD, DpPOsByyada Kakb HOBOG eBaHrexic [Aa 
MERIYHApOHArO COMIAAHCTHIeCKarO UporxetapiaTa Bb cepexuH’ Upo- 
mazaro BbEa. Uctopnuecsia co6nTig Toro BpeMeCHH H CaMBIA ycr0BiA 
%H3HH H A'baTexbHOcTH Mapsca oH OHreabCa HCKINAIH BOSMORHOCTL 
CKOXBKO-HHOYAb cepbesHaro yieTa sHayeHig HalioHaxbHaro MOMeHTa 
Bb utTopHyeckoH mu3HH. [loxs wromb HeBHHOCHMATO aGcoxAWTHSMA 
Tepmwanid TBOpuW HayiHaro coniasHeMa BHByYXJeAN OnIH cYbAaTEca 
OMHIPaHTAMH H BB KAeCTBB TaKOBHXb Bb llapuaxb, Jenson, mepe- 
KOYCBHBad Cb MBCTA HA MBCTO, BB HAeHHOMDE OGmeHiA Ch BOAHKEMEH 
BHIXO{UaMH 8b APYTHXS cTPARS, OHH SARAATHBAH TPaHAiosHoe 3fa- 
Hie HHTepHaMOHaAbHaro ConiazasMa, Mepellaraysilaro WOAeTOMS cBOeH 
H@AHTHICCKOH MHICAH PaHHOH OTABALAHIX FOCyJapCcTBS H BCeW CHAOW 
Hayinaro aHalHsa H xHCTOpHYeckaro O606meHia NoAYepRHyBmMaro 
OOMLyH MeKIEIOBBYECKYH OCHOBY BCAKATO OOmeHTIA, BCBXE Gesb 
HCKADUCHIA HapOsOBs. 

IipH TakHXb YCAOBi9Xh SaN0ReHHOG [TePMSHCEBMH BHXOAUaMH 
crpofigoe sfanie HHTepHalioHazwsMa HaxogH10 ceOb samy bimyn 
HOWMepREY Bb HCTOPHIeCKHXS cyzbOaxt Tepmania, rab neOwBaxoe 
Halpsxedie Hali0HabHHXb CHXb HBCKOADEAXD HApPOOBh NOTpesoBa- 
BOCK Ha MposBAeHie WEHTPOCTPeMUTeABHArO ABARCHIA, NACMOMS KOTO- 
paro sBHiach OObe_HHeHHaa Tepmanis, nox0mABIIAA KOHEI'S paspos- 
HEHHOMY CYIICCTBOBAHIM OTA'SALHHIXE MAACHLKHXS TOCYAAPCTBS **). 


*) Cu. ,JieOaTH 00 BagionanbHOMy BoUpocy Ha BpwoHacKoMs aptefitars>, 
BeTylaTenbuad ctaTha M. B. Pamnepa: ,Opouwmnia conianucTHieckoh MECHA 
B® HaionaibHoMt Bonpocs’”. K-po ,Cepms*, 2-e nas., Cu6., 1908, ctp. 7—10., 

#*) 390. Bepenwmeine Bb upexuCcuoBiH Eb co6paniw cowHeHift Jlaccanza 
ykKasbisacts Ha cotyscrBie Mapkca H OHreasca aygeb enuuctBa Jepmania, 
po WOsOAy wrod Onn H BCAM NOMeMAKY Cd Jlaccanems. Cu. counHenia O. Jlac 

ast, 8-0 n3y. Cu6., 7. I, etp. XXVI—-XXX. 





x 


42 Mo OB OPATHEP 'b 


Vi Bb MOMeHTS cTpofaol opranHsania repmancKof comiaxb-,eMOEDa- 
THYeCROH MapTiv NOCIbAHaA OkasasACh TaRme efHHOH, BEIIOIaA Bb 
CBOH PAI padouwxh NOTA COAOMS OHO HanioHAambHOCTH H COBEp- 
IWe@HHO He 8Had THXS HaliOHaAbHHXb wbacHii BHYTpH Mpoxerapiara, 
KOTOPHA Bb JPYrHXb TOCyapCcTBaXd Takb YacTO BELYTb Kb SaTOMHe- 
Hi KAACCOBarO COSHaHif H JOHATCH TARKCANM) KRAMHCNMB HA DYTH 
COMalucTHYeCKarO BHxeHia. OOHapyHuBOliacd Teleph pasaAHia 
10 dJHHIH HAMOHaAbHHXb WhxecHif BHYTPH TepMaHcKOH coniarb- 
WeMORpaTig; AWOONNTHHe UpHsHakH ABHReHIA cpekH MOAbCKHXS 
comiatucTosh Tepmania; sayaTka MOZHTHYeCKaTO BAReHIA CpPeAH 
JaTianb, muTese# [I[lxespura, Jabsaca ua loTapHsrin *), — Bce 
aTO ABIGHIA, Ce HE CAORABMIACA Bb CKOABKO-HHOYAR OUpebACHHHA 
opME H He Hapyolawmia moka oOmaro Tala repMancKaro comiar- 
eMOkpaTHueckaro ABHxeHia. Bb OOmleME OHO OCTaeTCA IBAOCTHHMD 
H CXHHHM’b, H eFO JO CHXb NOpPb elle, MORHO CkasaTb, HO KO- 
CHYACH SAAB HaliOHAbHHXb Tpewi, cTOHBIIHXh yxXC TAaKb MHOTO 
Tpyza 4 GopbOn comiazHcTHYeCKHMS MapTiams Apyruxb crpay’s. Ipu 
TAKAXD YCAOBIAXD MAN0-N0-MaZY BHIPOCAO H OKPBOAO coniarb-AeMOKpa- 
THYeCKOG ABHReHIec, HHTePHANIOHAIbHHA XapakTephb KOTOparO DpH- 
BeIb Kb OMHOMY, H& MOH BSTAHXb, BEChM&a IPHCKOPOHOMY pesyaAb- 
TaTy. OcHOBHOM pPHENIb unmepnaytonanusma, CcOsHaHie MemAy- 
HapoqHo# oOntHocTH MipoBoro mposeTapiata Bb CMBICAB cosnyapHOh 
Gopp6H pasounxtb BCBXD cTpaHS Hu Hanift sa oOmie skonOMBYecKie H 
NOAMTHICCKI€ HHTePeCH, ORASAICA MANO-0-MaXY DOAMBHEHHEIMS IIpPHH- 
THLOMB xocmononumusna, BHAAMAaro pasphmeskie HanioHaxbHOH upo- 
O61eMH BL CiidHiA OTI'SIDHHXD HavionasbHocTeh Bb OAHY aMOpOHyr, 
aMaibraMHPOBaHHYW OTS BCBXD HANUBALPAALHHX OCOGeHHOCTeH MACCY. 

Huxe MH elle BepHeMCA Kb OSTOMY BONpPOCY H TaMb, YCTaMH 
CAMHXB AGC PCBHOCTHNXS CTOPOHHHEOBS COBPeCMOHHArO HayyHaro Co- 
TiarusMa, 6yseTh AOKasaHa BCA HeyOBIATeABHOCTS, HeOOsAsaTeALHOCTL 
H flake HeeCTeCTBeHHOCTD oTOH HanpacHo MepelluBMeiea paHHeMy 
COMAIHSMY CBH8H Mey ABYMA PASIHIHHMH, AOTHYCCKH He COBNAAaw- 
IAMH NOKATIAMH — uUNMEPHAYIOHANUIMOME UH KOCMONOAUMUSMOMS. 
Tenepbh Ke, Uposoimad HayaTHti aHANIHR, PAacKPHITIA UPHYHHS HrHO- 
pHposania mko10# Mapkea a OHreabca HanionabHoh upob6zemH, ex 
TeopeTHyecko#H IBHHOCTH H DpakTaueckoH BaRHOCTH Aid coliazusMa, 
A JOARCHD yKasaTb HA BURHYW H, DORaLyH, OCHOBHYH UPHIHHY 2TOre 
ABICHIA, EPOWMYNCH He TOAbKO Bb MCTOPHYCCKHXD YCAOBIAXE BOS- 
HHEHOBCHIS, HO H Bb camo UpHpoxb mipoposspbuia HaywHaro co- 
TialasMa. 

IleHTPpaIbHHMb UYHETOME STOTO MipoBOSspbHia ABIACTCA, KARL HS- 
BBCTHO, yUeHie SKOHOMMYeCCKATO HAM MCTOPH4eCKaro MaTepiazHoMa, 


*) 065% aTOMb CM. He AHMeCHHHA HHTepeca AAHHHA Bb KHHTB Jl. ZB. 


Hoseopodyesa (B. A. Ilocce), Tepmania 4 ea DONHTHYCCKAR HH3Eb. CnG. 
1904 r. Crp. 175— 8. 











HADIOHAABHHIK BODPOCS. 48 


HAaJOMHBMAO CBO HeHSTAaNHMyN NWewaTh Ha Bech cTpoH TeoperTH- 
YECKUXS H UpakTHIeCKHXS DocTpoenifi Bayanaro coniamnsma. Bp no- 
HHM@aHiH HalioHaibHaro BOUpoca TEROPgaMA HayyHaro coniaHsMa 
BxigHie HCTOPHIecKaro MaTepiald3Ma CKA3aN0Cb Bb OTORMECTBICHIL 
HamlOdaIbHOCTH Cb FOCyLapcTBOMb H Bb NOHAMAHIH Haid TOAbEO BB 
HOJHTHYCCKOME CMHICAB *). UW Bb gaqecTBB Born AOTHYECKALO BH- 
BOJ@ H3B OCHOBHOH KOHnTeNnia ACTOpuyecKaro MaTepialHsMa, Hario- 
H@IbHOCTh TpakTyeTca OHTeIscoM BB «CaatomMb Cemefictsb» AHMb 
Kak [poaBsenie STOH8Ma CO CTOPOHH FocyAapcTBa. <OrousMb Haliio- 
HAIbHNH,—YroBOpHTb QHTeAbCh, — €CTh eCTeCTBEHHNH STOHSME TOCy- 
AaPCTBA BL UPOTHBONOIOMHCCTS oTOH8My (eoaIbHHXb pasrpaHHA4e- 
Hifi», XOTH «STOH3M, COMepanie KOTOparo ecTb Hallia, GOoxrbe o6nrb 
HXH YHCTb, YHMB STOHSMD, UMBOMIH CBOBMD cOepmaniomD OTABAbHOE 
COCIOBIe€ HIH OTABIBHYHO KOpMopanin» **). 

Martepiaaucrnyeckomy Epyrosopy Mapxkca 6820 62a3K0 moHuMAaHie 
PacoBHXb BisHiff Hwa AcTOpHyecki# npomecch, HO H pascymzeHiA 0 
BAinhHia pac ***), upa Bee OTAaeHHOCTH aTOH TeMEI OT COBpeMPE- 
Raro NOHHMAHIAZ HanioHaIbHaro Bonpoca (0 YeMb OyAeTS PbIb HK, 
Bb JasbHbaMuXd TAaBaxb HacTosme# paboTs) murypupyerh y Hero 
Bb BHAB cayiafignxb OO6MOIBOKb, 6e35 onpexhaenHoH cBa3H cB 06- 
me TeopeTaueckoH koHDennie# a 6eat AaIbBSAMUXS UPAKTHIECKUXh 
BLIBOJOB. 

VWajapdepentHoe H kakb OM NpeHeOpemuTerbHOe OTHOMeHIe Kb 
HaMOHAIBHOMY BOUpPOCy H HalioHaIbHHMb HHTepecaMh OTA'BAHHIXD 
Raposnocte UpABOs,H10 He pasb Mapsca # OHreabca Eb H'BRUTO- 
PHM sambuakiaMh, BLISHIBAaBIIEMS He MAHA HesopasyM'bHiA. CTOHTE, 
HAUpuMbpb, TOIbEO BCNOMBUTh O CAPEACTHYICCEUXD BHXOARAX’ MapKca 
10 aApecy C1aBAHCTBa, 0 YM MHOTOKPATHO BEPHBb H BKOCb TOJEO- 
BasOCh Bb KpHTHYeCKOH AHTepaTyps, NocBamesHo# MapEtusMy ****), 

He menbe NOyYIATeIbHa Bb STOMD OTHOMEHIH SHAMCHHTAR CTATbA 
Mapkca 0 eppeickoMy BOUpOCy, JaBMasd NOBOAb ASKOTOPEIMD EPHTH- 
KaM’b, Bb TOMB WCB, Halp., TOMY we Macapagy, o6bsaBiaTb Te- 
HiaAbHaro TBOPMa Hayward comialHsMa, Kb TOMY Xe NpPOucxosamaro 
H8Bb eBpelickol CeMbH, <AHTHCEMATOMB> *****), 

O6sunenie Mapkca Bb aHTHCeMHTHSM', KOHeIHO, cOBepUIeHHO 
Herbuo. Ho AcCTHHHHMS BHHOBHHKOMD STOH HeXBNOCTH ABARETCA ABA 
aH He caMB Mapkct, AOlycTHBDift BB CBOeMS STHA' O eBpefickOMS BO- 
mpocb crpanHoe oTORecTBIeHie HaioHaibHaro cosepmania eBpeli- 
ckaro Boupoca # HalionaabHOH CyMHOCTA WAansNa Cb HBEOTOPHMH 





*) Th. Masaryk. Die philosophischen und sociologischen Grundlagen 
des Marxismus. Wien. 1899, S. 480—4381. 
**) Aus dem literarischen Nachlass von K. Marz u. Fr. Engels, B. II, 
Die Heilige Familie v. Marz, 8. 226. 
***) Coa OTHOCHTCA TXABHHMB O6pasoMb OHO HaBSCTHOe MBCTO HBR 
3-ro Toma ,Hannrata’. 
oeet) Cu. Haup. Masaryk, uet coq. S. 440—441. 
~oet*) Masaryk. Lint. coy S. 434. . 


44 . M. B. PATHEBP &. 
SKOHOMHYCCEHMH CTOpOHaMa exBpeficRaro OuITa, IPH TOM ONpexbaex- 
Ho ucTOpuuecko# snoxH *). 

OvepieHHHt Be crpo TeopeTH¥ecKAxS sBosspbHifi cTaparo 
M@aPKCHSM& 0O HaliOHAaXBHOMY BOMpOCy eCTCCTBCHHHMS O6pas0ME 
OTPasHACd H HA KOHCTPYEMIN TeOpeTHYCCKHXDE NOAOKCHIL, A HA CAMOW 
HaupaBieHia COMlaXb-JeMORPaTHYeCcKaro ABHReHiA. Takb, yxe Bb 
HCTOPHYCCKOME OKYMCHTB, ONYOIHEORAHHOMB BE 1847-wh roxy # 
TIpOSBYVaBOIONS KAakb eBaAHTerie BCeMIPHOH coniaxb-eMORpaTAUeCKOs 
apMin,—Bb HKommyHucTayeckomt Manndectb MH WTaems crby_ywmis 
cl0Ba, HMBIOMIa OTHOMeHIG Eb AAaHHOMY BOIpOCy: 


<«Pa6oyie He HubnoTE OTeTeCrBa. Herb’ AHDIHTS HX} TOTO, ero Y HHXS 
Hbrb. [loka uponserapiarh emle AOAMCHD saBoceBaTh ce6b NONHTHIeCEOE 
rocnuoAcTBO, NOAHATECA AO NONOMEHIA TocnoXcTBywmaro KNacca Hanin **), 
KOHCTHTYHPOBATLh ceO6af caMOro Kakb Hai, OHDB elle CaMb HalionaNeHnt, 
XOTH HO Bb 6ypRyasHOoMb CMHCAB VTOTO COBA, 

«Hanionaingan oO6oco6AeHHOCTh H AaHTAarOHH3MB BCe Ooxbe Hw Gomke 
HCIEZAWTh YRC Ch PasBaTiems OypRyasiA, cb cBo6o70H TOproBAH, Cb Mipo- 
BHM PHHKOMD, Cb ONHOOSpAsioMS NPOMHIMICHHArO UPOHSBOICTBA H COOTBST- 
CTBYDILUXS OMY HHBHCHAHXD OTHOMEHIA. 

«TocnogcrBo yponetapiata eme Oorke ycKOpHTb HX HCIOSHODEHIC. 
CeeqHHeHHad BATCXBHOCTL, NO Kpaivef Mbpb NHBHAHSOBAHHHXD CTpaks, 
©CTbh OHO H3b NeOPBNXdb ycnosifi ero ocBosouzenia. 

«BB TOK Mbpb, BB RakoH OynzeTh YHAYTOKCHA ZKcHAyaTaNia ONOrO 
HHQHBHAYyMS ApPyTuMsb, SyzeTh YHHITOMeHA H BkCOAyaTania OHO Hain 
Apyron. 

«Bubcrb cb aHTarOHH8MOMb EAACCOBD BHYTPH HALIH DaXyTD H Bpaxyes- 
HHA OTHOMCHiC HuniA mexay co6on» ***). 


Orbch OpMyaAHpyeTcaH OCHOBHOH TesHCh HHTepHanioHaxbHaro 
conialHsMa: HanioHaaAbHHH BOMpOC’ TpakTyeTCA ACKAWYATCABHO KAS 
npo6zema HanionarbHoh BpaRAW KOHEYPpApPyWMuxt MexAy co6om 
RiaccOBh HaceseHid, KOTOPad H UpekpaTaTca cb npekpalleniems 
Copp6H kAaccoB, BoObme. «Bwkcré cb aHTarOHH8MOMb EAACCOBLIMG 
BHYTPH Halli DakyTb HW BpaxAeOHHA OTHOWMeHIA Haiti Mexzy co6on>. 
VinwiMH ci0BaMH, 6opb6a HamionaxbHocTe KakB OW COBNAaLaeTH, 10 


*) Ou. Gesammte Schriften v. K. Mark u. Fr. Ehgels. B. I, Stuttgart 1902, 


S. 424—431.—Mapxeb, umbpmifi mpext cBouNa riasamH OOpasb HbMeIKAaro | 
epped-Heromianta H 0 HeMB CYAHBMIA O CyM[HOCTH <eBpefickaro BOUpeca>, — 
BAPOATHO PAXHKANLHO H8MBAAID OH CBOW TOUKY spbHis, ecm Ob MOIS Upey- — 


BHASTh MoaBNewie coBpeMeHHAaro eBpefAckaro upomeTapcKaro ABHKeHia. Ho 
COBCpMIeEHHO HeNOHATHO, KAKHMB OO6pas0Mb HO 3aMBTHAH Y3s0CTH Baranya 
Mapkca HoBSfintie nacaTterH, kKakB Mepuarb # Jame RUBYDUA BB Poccia 


r. JlyHavapckif#. O6a oHH YMYAPBANCh BD HAIG BPeMA OTOSBATLEA CB BeuH- 
qaimefi woxpanoh o ctarbh Mapsca. Cm. Schriften, B. I, S. 352—6. 


K. Mepxes Kn espefickomy sBompocy. Cn6. 1906. Cratna A. Zynavap- i 


cxtt, CTP. 3. 
**) BB opursHath ,U00HATBCA JO MONOReHIA HaniOHAIbHAarO Kmaacca“ 
(sich zur nationalen Klasse erheben). M. P. 


***) Das Kommunistisehe Manifest, 6-te Ausgabe. Berlin 1896, s.22. Een 
pycenifi WepeBOAD BO MHOTHXD HsAaHiax. 





HANIOSASDHHH BUIMPUCS. 45 


MHCXH @BTOPOBS HKommyHactayeckaro Maaudecta, cb 6opn6on kxac- 
cops. HO KakOBO BSAaHMOOTHOMeHIG STHXS ABYXb upobszems? Karis 
MOME@HRAIH BHOCHTS Bb KaaccOByHM Oopp6y pacxompesie no anHin 
HaliOHaAbHHXS AbaeHifi? KakumMu pakTuyeckamMu MbpamMa comiass- 
Haro MepeycrpoficTsa MOeTE ONTh Napaid#30BaHO w1a OcrabreHO 
raG6exbHoe Blisnie HanioHaabBHXxt WbAcki Ha NAaHOMbpHoOe pasBuTie 
SKOHOMHYeCKOH GopbOm? CymlecTByeTb AH, HAaKOHeI'b, CaMOcTOSTeIbHAd 
comioxOrHyeckad IBHHOCTD HanionasbHOk mpoOsemMH H HanionasAbHHX’ 
noTpe6uoctet xusHH?—Ha Bch eTH RONPOCH HBT H He MOReTS OBITS 
OTBTA BS DPOHSBeNeHIH, BCXOAAMEM HSE NoAOMeHIA, ITO «paborie 
He AMBIT OTCYECTBA» H BHABHTAWMeMb Bieperb Jo3syHYD: <[Ipore- 
Tapid BCBxXB cTpaHs, coexnasirecs! | 

Ha jaibybimaxt, HO Bce elle NepBOHAGAISHHIXD CTYNeHAX®D Co- 
Wiarb-lOMOKPATHVeCKarO JBAReHiA He OOHAapywuIOCK Mporpeca comia- 
AHCTHGeCKOH MBICIH Bb OTOH OO2acTH. Tab, Bb odpuniarpHok mpo- 
rpamMMbB repMancKoH comiarb-JemMoKpaTudeckoH uaptiv, npaaaToH Ha 
Ophyprckoms aptefirarb Bb 1891 roxy H opmyazupyiwonet AO Ha- 
cTosijaro BpeMeHH OOHQHHA MozaTuyecKia Tpe6oBaHia OoAbMMHACTBA 
COMAIHCTHICCEAXS aptifi, He COMepRHTCA KakHXb-1H60 NOsA0meHIE, 
CHOCOOHHXS OCBBTHTS Cb TOH HAH Apyrof cTopoHH oTHOMeHie conia- 
ZH8Ma Kb HalioHaIbHOMY BOupocy H HanionarbHOH OopbOs. 

Bn o6mel, Teoperayecko# wacTH UpoOrpaMMH! MBI He HaXxOJAMd 
xame WM yUOMHHAaHia © HanionaxbHoH npo6semb u Oo TpeOoBaniaxs, 
H8b HCH BHTOKAWMUXE JIA COBPeMeHHArO coOmiatHCTa: 

»llponacTts Mexyy HMYI[HMH H HeHMYINHMH BCe Gorbe pacmupserca. 

»lUIbKO Opeppamenie KAaNHTanHcTHYecKOH YacTHOA cOOcTBeHHOCTH Ha 
CPeOACTBA TPOHSBOACTBa BB OOMIECTBEHHYND COOCTBeHHOCTA H UpeBpamenie 
TOBApHarO MPOHSBOACTBA Bb COMaNHCTHeckoe, BEAYULCeCA WIA OOMECTBA H 
CaMHMhb OOMLeECTBOM?D, MOKCTh IPHBECTH KB TOMY, ITO KpyUHOS DPOHSBOACTBO 
HB BCO pacTtyMad MNpPOHsBOANTCIbHOCTh TPYT& BPeCBpaTATcA AAA HHIHSB 3kc- 
WHAYAaATHpPyOMbixdb KNIACCOBb H3b HCTOUHHKA HHUICTH H THeTa Bb HCTOURHEKD 
BHICHIaro O1aroNeHCcTBid H BCOCTOPOHHALO rapMOHHYECKAlO COBEpPIMeHCTBOBAHISA. 

»bopb6a padoyaro Kxacca UpOTHBh KaluTaAHCTHIeCKkOA akcUayaTanin 
HeEOOXOAHMO ABIAeTCH DOMMTHYIeCKUA SopLood. 

«HuTepecH padotHxb KlaccOBb TORMeCCTBCHHHE BO BCBXD CTPAHAXd Cb 
KAIHTAIACTHICCKHMDS CHOCO6OME UPOHSBOACTBA. 

<OcBoGomyeHie pa6oyaro ENACCa ABIACTCH, OSTOMY, ABIOMS, Bb KOTO- 
pOMB BB paBHoh wbpb OpHHHMAaNTS yiacTic padoyie BCBXb KyAbTYPHHXb 
cTpan. CosHapad 3T0, comiangemMoKpaTHueckan Baptia Tepmaniuv 4ayBcTByeTS 
H UpwHsosrntamaeTs ce6a comnzapHo cb COsHaTeCAbHHIMH paoouwwMH BCBXS 
OCTAGABHHXE CTpadH'h. 

,»Comiasqemokpatayeckaa napria ‘epmanin Oopetca He 38 HOBHA Kac- 
COBHS UpyBHnerih H UpeHdMymMecrTsba, HO 38 YHHITOREHIe KAaccoBaro rocnoz- 
CTBa H CAaMHIXb KJACCOBD, 38 PABHHA UpaBa H PABHHA O6A3aHHOCTH BCBXB, 
Gese pasauxia nosa u npoucxomcdenta. Ucxoaa A3b ITAXD Bosaphaia, ona 60- 
PpeTCA BB COBPeCMOCHHOMS OG6meEcTBS HO TOALKO UPOTHBS 9KCOAYarTallin H yrHere- 
Hid HAOMBHXE pasowaxh, HO A ™poMuUss ECAKAIO POda awenayamautn u YyKeme- 
wis, HAlUpaBACHH AH OHH UPOTHBD Kacca, oapTin, H0la HAH pace. 

Ws MoAYePRRYTHXDS MHOW BS IPHBeACHHOMD OTPHBKB UBS TeKCTA 
ITPOrpaMMH! CIOBL 0 Npoucromcdentu HW pact, UpaBla, BHAHO, ITO HO 





46 M. BPATHEP &b. 


® 

cMHCIY Ophpyprceoh porpaMMl repMaHckasd comiaxrb-zeMOEpAaTia 
BRAWWAeTh Bb coOsepmRanie cBoeH nosMTHYeCKOH OophON Hw DPOTHBC- 
rbicTBie cCyMecTByMMeMy HalioHazbHOMy yrHeTeHit. Ho “sb mpo- 
IpaMMBI COBEPMIeCHHO He BHAHO, KAKHMH PeaIbHHIMH CpeCTBAaMH HaYt- 
WaeTCd, Cb TOUKH 3pPBbHIA CA ABTOPOBD, AOCTAReHIe yRa3saHHOH 1WhAB— 
yYHHUITOReHIe HANiOHAALHAarO yrueTeHia? KakoBh Ham bisemni WyT BMb- 
WAaTeIbCTBA NapTiA Bb PasHIPWBaNMMyHCcaA HAN MOFYMYN pashrparsca 
Upexb He HalionasbHyi0 Ooph6y? KakoswW BOSsMORHEIA NyTH comarH- 
CTHUeCCKOH HamioHaIbHOH NOAHTHEM, A KaKOBS Hearth OYAYMEXE Ha- 
WiOHAAbHHXb OTHOMeHIA? Ha Bcb oTA BONpOCH MH He HafiJeMS HE- 
KakOTO OTBBTa HA BD OOmet yactTH ODphypTcko# mporpaMMB, OCHOB- 
HHA MBICIH KOTOpOH BB osTOf oOOxacTH MpHBeyeHH BEMWe, HH BB 
IpaktTayeckok, opHkzaqHoH yacru es. Hsp 15 mnyHKross, nocrbyz- 
Hei HH OHH He OTHOCHTCA RK BONPOCY 06D yperyaHpoBaHnin Ha- 
TiOH4IbHHXSB OTHOMeHIH *). 

He syame o6crouTh BIO H Bb SHAMCHHTOMS KOMMOHTADPIH KE 
Ophyprcrok mporpamms, ny HHawAexamems mepy Kayrcraro. Cymxe- 
Hit 10 HaiOHaIbHOMY BOOpocy sTOro BuAHArO TeEOpeTHEA HAyIHAIO CO- 
ialn3Ma, BHICKASaHHHA HM JaBHeO, HO COXpanHHBMiscs A BB HOBBE- 
MuXb HBaHiAXh ero KOMMERTapia E>» Ipdyprcko# uporpammb, orm- 
WalOTCA NOpasATeAbHOH HAHBHOCTLY. OTO, 10 ero MHBHID, «KyNerh> 
Bcerga OI A OCTaeTCH «HalioHalucTtomb». <OHb ake Bb 60Ab- 
IMHHCTBB CIYIACBb CTAHOBHTCH MIOBHHACTOMb, 4YBCTBYA BCBX} He- 
TocpeqcTBeHH’be Bee sHayeHie BeAMYIA CBOCTO OTeYeCTBA AIA Halloy- 
HeHiA cBOero KapMaHa». Ho «He To cb nposetapiews. Ha poxuHb 
TrocylapcTBo He H80aA0BaIO CFO CBOHMH MNOKPOBATCALCTBOM?, 8a Irpa- 
Hine eMy He 8avhMB HCKATh 8aMlATH y oTeyecrBa... CoBppemeHHft 
mposerapiff OTPHBaeTCA OTE OTeTeCTBa Topa3_0 NorHbe, whwb cTpan- 
CTBYHMi# mogMacrepbe exoBoro nepioqa HAH RyNeIb. OH CcTaHo- 
BHTCA HCTHHHALIMS KOCMOMOAATOMB, @FO OTEIECTBO—Bech Mipb» **). 

TakoBa TOURS spbHid HawBHAaTO,—A Ckasadb On mepBOOHITHALO, 
KOCMONOIHTH3M2, IPOHBKAWIMaro SHAMEHUTYIO OpPypTckyH MporpaMMy. 
Mn cefivach yBHIJHMb, Kakb HeHsMbpHMO aleka aATa TOA spb- 
Hif OTb COBpeMeHHarO ROsspbHiA MeRIYHAPONHATO COMiayH3Ma BS 
Toh oOnactH. Mi HarisqHoO yOBIHMCA Bb kOpeHHOH oBOIMDiA 
R3TIADOB_ camoro Kayrckaro. Ho o6pHcoBaHAHa cymieHia ero 
OcTaWTCH, Kakb A YRa3aJb, HePYUIMMBIMA H ‘Bb HOBBHINAXS ABKa- 
HiAXD eFO KOMMeHTapia RB Iphyprcko# nporpammb. A Memazy Tha 
sta Opdyprckaa MmporpaMMa MNOCAyRHAa, Kab ASBBCTHO, MPOTOTH- 


*) OpdhypTckasn NMporpamMMa Nombidactcsh Bh HATAAH BCHXb NPOTOKOLOBE 
Naptefrarop) napTin. Ha pycckoMb asnkb Ophyptckaa mporpamMa noms- 
mena pb Kanré:. A. KRaymextii Iphytckaa uporpamma, 2-oe Hay. M. 1905, 
ctp. IX —XV. A. Yeprewees Ilamatnags xkauxka MapKcucta. Cn6. 1906, 
cTp. 183 —188. ' 

**) K. Kautzky. Das Erfater Programm. Stuttgart, 1892 S. 189.—PycexifR 
mepenon: K, Raymexsi, Ophyptckad Uporpamma, crp. 278, 











HaDIOHAIbHH BOMPOCS. 47 


OMB Jia UPOrpaMMb conmialwMcTHyeckuxX’s NapTi APyraxb crTpaHt, Hu 
OTMBYCHHHA YePTH Bb NOHHMAHIK HalioHadbHaro BOUpoca oOkasalHch 
- OpPHCyMaMH H HM. 

Bs 1892 roxy npuHumaetca Bb Texyb mporpamMa uTadbancxKott 
cOniazncTuyecko naptia. Bh 1893 roxy, Ha KoHTpecch Bb Bpwccert, 
BOTHpyeTca UporpammMa padoyeli naprif BB Beastriu. porpamma 
padovei naptiz so pannin BHpadaTHBaeTca Ha ©BIOMS parb Ha- 
MioHaIbHHXb H OOJACTHHXb KOBTpeccoBh Bb Mapceau, Llapuxs, 
Tappt, Petiuch 3b nepiors BpemenH 1879—82 rogoBh u OsTBep- 
KIUeTCH BCbMH NOs{HbHMAMH KOHTpeccaMA CS NOMpaBkaMH, He 
OTHOCAIMMUCH Rb HauionalbHOMy BoNnpocy. HM Bo Bcbx 9THX> Mpo- 
TpaMMaxh, ATPaWMUXS POAb UPAKTHECKHXS AUPCRTHBS Jia Oopwita- 
roca mposerapiata Bamabimaxts cTpanb Esponi, MH He Halijema 
HHRAKHXS Woomenit, OTHOCAMMXCA Kb HAanioOHAAbHOMY BOMpocy, cMo- 
COOHHXS Bb TOH uaH uHO Mbpb ocBbraTbh TOTS BOMPOCh Ch CO- 
HialHcTHuecko# ToukA spbuis. 1 TombK0 BS HOBbHWeH Nporpamm'b mBell- 
TapCkoH comiarb-JeMOKpaTayeckoH naptiz, IpHHaToH Ha KOBTpecch BD 
Iftopaxb gt 1904 r., nporpamm, oramuawmetica Han6oabmet Teope- 
THYeCKOH oxHOTOH H HOCaMei BD HROTOPHXD iacTaxD (HaNp., Bb 
NOHAMA@HiA arpapHaro Bompoca) sBAHe cibaAH HOBbHDIarO peBusio- 
HH3Ma, MH HaXOJUM’b CIbAyOOLA MbcTa, coxepxanlia Bb ceo‘ kKpat- 
Kid yka3aHis, DO'NTH HaMeEH Ha sHayeHie HalionalbHaro BOnpoca: 


»llpeinapckas coliarb-emorparia, BMBCTS cb comiamHvCTHICCKHMH Dap- 
TISMH BCBXb KYISTYPHHXb CTpawb, OopetcaA oyTemb KaccoBoH SOopb6H 3a 
YHHITOKeHI€ KIACCOBh WH KIACCOBLIXb UpoTaBopbiil, 3a To, YTOOKI Ha HX 
MBCTO NOCTABHTS COUHTAapHOCTh Trpakwaub BCBXD Haportorb H cBoeH n06b- 
ROH YHHAITORMATL TAKKE HANIOHAIBUNA MPOTHBOPBAA HN BOALCpHTh COmMMAap- 
HOCTh BCHXD HApOAOBd. QTUMS HHTCIUPHALIOHAILHAA COMAA'b-EMOKpaTIA OC- 
BOGOARTS HaliH OTb UPOKAATarO MUAHTAapH3Ma H MpHHeCeTb HM'b, Cb OCBO- 
GORMCHIME OTb HHUWCTH H 3a00Tb, MAPb H OpaTcTBO AAA COBMBCTHArO yCT- 
poeHid HM KyJbTHBapoBaHia BCero seMHOTO Mapa‘ *). 


UntaTelb BHIBTS, ONHAKO, YTO H SEBCh MBI HMBOMDS WBIO AMM 
Ch MHMOACTHHME 3aMbuanieMb 0 HAaNiOHAIbHOMS BONpPOCh, HACKOAbKO 
HE HapyMawmaMs OOMaro XapakTepa KOCMONOAMTHYCCKAXS pascyxse- 
Hift DporpaMMH! O BCCOOMeNE GpaTcTBb H BceYeXOBbieckoH coxmMsap- 
HOCTH, KOTOPHA OYAYTS JOOKTH UlaHOMBpHO-opranus0BaHHOH k1ac- 
coBpoH 6opso6ol. 

Tagoso TeopeTuyeckoe cooTHOMeHie Hay4yHaro cOmialH3Ma H Ta- 
‘KOBH IIpagTwyeckie BSTid{hl COBPeMCHHHXb eBpOueHcKUXb COmatH- 
CTOBS BB OOacTH HalioHalbHaro BoNpoca. CupaBeziuBOCTA Tpedyers, 
OXHAKO, OTMBTATS, ITO TAKS OOcTONTS FIO AMM BH OdpuaniarbyHod, 
WporpaMMHol, TAK CKazaTb, YacTH COBpeMeHHaTO CoMialHCTAYeCKaroO 





*) Ha pyccKOMb AsHKB dHTaTeIb HaliqeTb OporpaMMbl rIaBHBAWMXS 
comianHcTHuecKux® napTifi Bb KH. H. Yepremess. [lamatnad KHHAKA MApK- 
eucta, 4. III. Crp. 181—228. Cp. iarxe y P. Oxvopa Cuppemenunfi comia- 
jHamM’>. Mockpa 1906. crp. 380--441. 


48 M. BL PATH EP % 


apumxenia. Bh AbHCTBHTCXbHOCTH XC, Bb TrayOHHAXh STOTO ABHMOU 
BpbeTh cepbe3Had SBOMWUIA H 10 HaNiOHAaALHOMY BOMpOCy, H HE {a 
poms Orro Bayeph roBpopaTt 0 «HallioHaAbHOM' PeBAsIOHHSM'S>, 0 pt 
BHSiOHHSM'S BE OO2ACTH HAaliOHAAbHAarO BONPOCA,. XapakTePHSYM RCM 
COBPeMCHHOe COMiaAHCTHYeCKOe COBHAHIC H BacTpoewie DIMPOKHX® pa- 
Oounxt maccb. WM Hago MpHsHaTb, ITO TAKOM PeBHSIOHHSM HaxOARTS 


ce6B noxsoe onpaBxasie Bb OGLORTHBHHXD YCAOBBIAXE HOBSHInAa! 
coiatbHaro pasBuTis. 


IV. 


Tongii H BAYMIABHH HSCIBAOGBaTeXb COBPCMOHHATO SKOHOMEYE- 
craro cTpos, BepHept Som6aprs, gaBmifi Bb CBOCMS KAIHTAIL- 
HOMb tTpyxb «Der Moderne Kapitalimus> a Bb Apyrux> Ooxbe malr- 


“KEHXb pa6oTaxh TMaTexbHyH X@PaETePHCTHEY. BCBXE HBTHOOBS HO- 


BhHmMaro KaMWTaIHCTHUCCKALO pPasBHTiA, OTMBTHIS, MCKAY MpPOUHMt, 
BamRHOe SHayeHie HalioOHasAbHAIXt OcoOenHocTeHl COBpeMeHHATO CONIAIB- 
Haro ABHReHIA, KOTOPOe,—nO Epaiinet mbpb Bb BSBBCTHHX? CTagisxd 
efO Pa3sBHTi#, CcOBtaeTh OCOOHE <«HaliOH@AbHhle THIN», Kak'b, Halp., 
abriifickif, dpannyscsiff, wbMenKift *). 

OUMOapTh HO Aalb, Kb CORAASHIW, OSTOMY CBOCMY HHTEPeCHOMY 
HaOaAWAeHiW Haltemamaro comioxorwMyeckaro OGbACHeHIA, HO caMoe 
Ha6lseHie, HECOMH'BHHO, BbpHO. BaamatTeabHoe Habsgenie HaXt Pop- 
MaMHA CYMOCTBYNMAXD SKOHOMHICCEHX® OTHOMEeHIA OOHApYRABACTS, CB 
OAHOH CTOPOHH, YruranTckifi poCcTb KalluTaaH3Ma, BTATHBaWMaro Bb 
CBOH CBTH BCe OoIbMIee KOAHYECTBO CTPAHb, CBABAHAHX> OABHOA HATED 
TOPIOBO-0POMHIMACHHNX, OTHOMeHIH AH HHTepecoBb. OTcHAa TO CAHE- 
CTBO OOMUXS OCHOBh KaNHTaAMCTHYeCCKAarO CTpos, TO efxHHOOOpasie 
HOBBHADIArO SKOHOMAIECKATO pasBATig, KOTOPOe HamlI0 ceOb cromb Gxe- 
cTAMee HCTOIROBAaHie Bb reHiaabHHXxb Tpysaxb Kapza Mapsca. Ho 
8TO CAHHCTBO, STO eLuHOOOpaszie OOMHXb Havas H OPM'b, HHCEOABKO 
He MbUlaeTh cCOxpaHeHiW pasHoOOpasia H HHAHBHAYAABHOCTH, CORTaB- 
Muxb TO, 4TO @ HasBarb On AeweTpasusanieh HopbameH okOHOMHYe- 
ckoH &H8HH. B10 BL TOM, ITO IPH BCeMDH TOCHOACTBS kaleTasH- 
CTHUCCKAFO CTPOS, HalarawMlaro HeOHSrAaguMYN NEWT HE TOILEO Ha 
SKOHOMHYECEYH, HO HH&@ BCBS Npoyis CTOPOHH AA8He HOBBRMAXS Ha- 
pojOBb, AatekO He BCB COBPeMCHHHIA CTPAHh XAPAKTePHSYWTCS OLHHA- 
KOBOH cmenenow passumia KauuTasuaMa. Bb namo zaHHoH cTparb, 
Y Kamwlaro Hapola cymlecTByeTh CBOA CTeNeHb pasBHTiA KalsTaNe- 
weckarO CTPUS, CBOH OCOOHA OTHOMeHIA KANHTasHCTHIeCKOH NpOoMEImM- 
JCHHOCTH KB APYruMb, HC KAUHTAXHCTHYECKUMS pOAaM’ xXoascTBa, 
cBoe oco6oe 4HCHeHHOe OTHOMeHie MposeTapCKHXh, SAHATHXS BS 
KaluTaIuCcTHYeCKOH HHAYCTpid MACCh EB APYTHM'b TPYAOBHMb 9xe- 


_—— ——_e 
—— * —_— — - ne eet 


*) B. 3omfapms. Conianu3Mb H comjianbHoe ABuxenie. Ilepes. cb 5-ro 
HbM. H30. noAb pex. B. ToTromianua. Cno6. 1906, erp. 112— 124. 


HAMIOHAXDHHA BONPOC. 49 


-MOHTAME HacexeHig. OTO ecCTeCTBCHHO OOBACHACTCAH TEM, ITO AaMe 
BL cTpaHsh G6xectamaro pasBuTia KaNHTAan38Ma—BDb ABTHIA, 9TAa POPMA 
IPOMHUIACHHOCTH aXeKO He 8axBaTHuAa BCeH OOAaCTH TpyAa H xXOsaH- 
cTBa; BE APYrHXb xe .cTpahaxb saMbiaeTca eme Gompmee cm'bule- 
Hie p@BIHUHHX® DepiofOBb H THIOB SKOHOMHYeECKArO pasBATig. 
Heo6xoqumo, TAKHMS OOpasoMb, UpHsHaTb. 3TO OOmil KRanHTAAHCTH- 
yeckifi XapakTepb COBPeMeHHaro SKOHOMB eCKarO OHTA He MBINACTD 
OOpasonanil OTZSILHHXS THIOBL KAKHTAAHCTHUCCKATO PasBHTis, OT- 
Anuanmaxca oco6o skonomayeckoH cTpyETypo# upeznpiaTi#t, ocoOnws 
CTpoeMh EXACCOBHXS OTHOMeEHI# H IBANM PANOMS APYTAX HHAHBH- 
AYAIbHHIXD OTIHGIf, IPOHHKAWMAXb ye Bb OOAACTS MCHXOAOTIH H 
OHITOBHXS OcobeHHOcTe HaposoBs. 

Yxrasawhoe pasanyie SKOHOMHUCCKHXD THIOBL OOnapyxHBACTCA 
HO TOABKO BS Lpexbsaxt TeppaTopiasbHO OTTPSaHHYOHHNXh CTpakd # 
YOCyAapcTBS, HO H Bb Upexbiaxb Napodnocmet. Momno, pasy- 
MBETCH 6% KONCXHOMS CYEMM CBOAATD HAABBHAYAAbHHA OCOOCHHOCTH 
BCIHEOPYCCEAXS, MAJOPYCCKHX', NOALCKAXD, APMAHCKAXD, IPySHHCKEXS 
H T. I. SKOHOMBYCCERXD OTHOMEHIA EB OCOOeHHOCTAME COOTBBICTBY- 
lome reorpapayecko# cpeyw. Ho xa kaxjaro AQHHArO MOMeHTA Cy- 
ICCTBYWOTS, KAR HesHO1emyH PakTb, HEAHBHAYAaAbHWA OcobeHHOCTH 
xosaficTBa STHXB HapomHoctell, KOTOPHA MHI BUpAaBb, MOsTOMY, Haski- 
BaTh HaytonanbHaanu OCOGeHHOCTSMH HaposHaro xosalicrpa. Pasu- 
TOIbHHMD UPHMBPOMS, LOKASHBANMUME UPABHIbHOCTh osToH MBICEH, 
MORCTL CAYHHTh HOOMHOKPAaTHO yKasHBaBilifica dakTb oco6aro, Becb- 
Ma CBOecOOpasHaro YKIaXa SKOHOMHYCCERXE OTHOMeHIM, OTAHYADMEXS 
OHITL BIOABS okCTeppATOpiasbHOH HaposHOcrA —espeficko#. Ha stoma 
ABICHiH, NOABeprawileMca Bb HACTOAMee BPOMA BCECTOPOHHEMY OCBB- 
ICH BE CleliasbHo# pyccko-eBpelicxo# anTepaTyps u o6pasynnjens 
OXHHD HSE TIaBHHXt PakToOposs AuPepennianin espelickaxt wario- 
B@AbHO-NOIHTHICCKHXDS TeYeHIf, KARD Heib3a Oorbe APKO H KDPACHO- 
pbunso o6napyeasaerca cota HalionadbHaro MOMCHTa Bb HapOAHOMS 
xosaficTss. 

Heo6xogumo, ognako, oTMbTHTS emle ono Biiagie, AbicTBynMee 
BE TOMB Ke HalpaBlenin. Bs npexwAyMeH raaBh yRe OHXO BCKOALSS 
OTMBieHO eCTECTBCHHOS CTpeMACHie HAaPOAHHXS MACCh E'S YCTpPaHeHiNv 
BSAHMHHXD HaliobasbHHXt TpeHifi, rHeTYMMXb HalionaIbHWXb KOH- 
@AHETOBL, CTOAMHXE NO NyTH D1akoMbpaaro pasBatTia KxraccoBott 
Goph6H. Ho ero se apxenie umbeTh H Apyry cymecTBeHHYW CTO- 
pony. Bs zpyroms mwbcrb Mus OpAxoqus0ch ye YRAaSHBaTh «Ha 
WponHecch: Hauionarwsalid RASHH, BOSHHKAMIi oo BcCTyDAcHieMS 
INHPOKAXh HApPOAHHXb MACCh Bb PAIN AKTHBHHXD s'baTexef ucTo- 
pHueckaro paseuTia. KocMOMOAMTH3Mb HHTCAIHTCHTHHXD OJHHOVES, 
NPOHBEBYTHXS accHMHAAnioHHO# upeoxorie#, BCcerqa ombHaAeTCA 
THYOOKO H OpraHH4eckH-HalionaIbHHMa QOpMaMH H3HH, Hak 
TOZBEO Ha aBaHCHeHy MOAMTHIeCKOH Ooph6H BHCTyWaWTS BO Bcett 
cBoeH cTuxifinof mbA0CTHOCTH HaposHNA MACCH, IyxAMA adcTpaRTHOH 

Pespam. Ornzbar I. 4 





50 Me. B. PATHE P b. 


KYAbTYPHOCTH, HO CBA8aHHHA THCAYSH KHBHXS HETeH CO BCE COBO- 
KYNHOCTLH cienadaieckoh comiasbHo cpexla cBOero BPeMOHH, cBOero 
wbera, cBOeH POXHHH, cBoero Hapoga» *), 

Bs pesyapraTb abactsia Bcbxt ovepyeHHHXs @akTOpoBs n0ry- 
yaeTCa TO, Ha NepBH# BSrisy7b MAA NOKATHOG H TPYAHO OGbACHHMOG 
aBxeHieé, 4TO TNMHHH pacnBbTb KAalaTaXMcTHuecKOH KYABTYPH, 
X@pakTepHsyHMi Bropyw noxoBHHY XIX Bbxa, BHSBaBh Ha CBBTb 
BHcmee DposBseHie HHTepHaionasbHO COABAAPHOCTH - OpranH3se- 
BaHHaroO WposxeTapiata, He UPHBeAb, OHAKO, Eb BONAOMeHID KOC- 
MONOJHTHYCCKEXD HeCatOBb, & ABHACH, HAacdopoTs, apesok OesnpH- 
MBPHHIXS 10 HaUpsReniW HapOAHHXS CHAS HAliOHaAbHHX) ABHROHIM. 
Mi smbcrb cb TSM BOOAHS DOKATHHMS CTaHOBHTCa, NOWeMy HOBSH- 
mie TeOpeTHEH CONiaaAHsMa HW COBPeCMeHHHe FhATCAH COUIaAHCTHICCKArO 
H Nake, Bb YCTHOCTH, COMMAATeCMOKPATHYeCKArO ABHRCHIA AAXCKO OTO- 
IaH HE TOABKO OT HIHOpHpoBakis, HO H OTS OWXOTO UpsaMOIHHEH- 
Hard TpakToBania HalionabHaro BOMpoca. 

[ipupexy ABa-TpH Opawhpa ua Heaocrpaniz. 

Tagt, Kapa Kaytcxift,j—rors cammit Kaytcsiff, roropnii, kak% MEI 
BHIbIn, elle Bb KOMMCHTapin Kb OpdhypTcko# mporpammsb oOnapyauzy 
TakOe UpekeOpemuTesbHOS OTHOWMeHIG KE Hani0KaAbHOMY BONpOcy, 
Cb TeveHiemh BpeMeHH IpoOmbsAaxb BeChMa NOYIATCALHYW oBOAWIIW 
BER 9ToH od6sactH. Bs ofHof web CcpaBHBTeAbHO CTapHX’ cTarel 
CBOHXDS OH ele HAXOAUI, ITO «<HaliOHasbHOe IYBCTBO CTAIO akTo- 
pomb, KOTOpHH swbicTsyeTs BOInS ¢amMocTOaTeABHO, 6esb BCaKOH 
CBA8H C'S DEOHOMAYCCKEMD PASBHTICMD CTPAHH H, IPH A8BBCTHHXS YCuO- 
BiAXh, Jake BO BPOAb STOMY PASBATIN»; YTO «cyMecTByeTS DoTpe6- 
HOCTh BB OOBeHHeHIiA Halli coBpeMeHHO# NHBHIHSANIA Bb OAHY 9KO- 
HOMH4CCKYH OOACTh, NOTPeOHOCTD Bb YHHITORCHIA HaliOHAALHMX. 
pasrpaHAyeHii»; ITO «HaMOHAALHHA CTpeMACHIA, KAaKb HA BHIOLHH 
OHH OHH 20 CHXS NOpt, cCTaHoBaTca Bee Gorbe uw Goabe Gesn0r1es- 
HHMH, & HHOF{a Jake BPCAHHMA»; YTO «HANiOHAAbHad HCA CTAXS 
ManTie#, Bb KOTOPYH APAUAPYWTCs BCAKIC CeKYAATOPH H KapbepHcThs 
HT. 0.H7. 9. **) Onnano, Bb JaabebaMAXS pasoTaxh TON Ke aBTopa 
OOHAPYRHBAWICA UPOOACCKH COBEPIMICHHO HHOFO NOUMMAHIA Halonaab- 
Haro Bellpoca. Bs crarbS 0 HalioHadbHHXb 38afagaxb ABCTpiN, BO- 
IIPCKH IpeRHOMY CBOCMY BSTAISTY HA HAIHYHOCTS OROHOMHICCKOK TeH- 
 (eHnin BB accHMHIaniv, Haytceiff HaxOXHTb, TO «KaluTasnoM'. 
oBlaybab ABcTpie, NpoOyszuAb OT CHA OM HAPOAN H pas6yiBFb BB 
HEX NOTPCOHOCTA HalioHaabHaro caMooupesbxzeHig». Mazo toro, m0 
ero MHBHIW, <sROHOMHUeCEVe pasBuTie ABCTpiH H Typiia He cmocoé6- 
CTBYeTb, Kak Bb APyTHxb MBCTAX, CHAOGeHIW HallionasbHOcTed, 


*) M. B. Pamuepr. QBOAWIIA COMIANHCTHYeCKOA MEICAH Bb HAliOHaALHOMS 
Boupoc’, crp. 16, Bombe noqpo6Ho cM. 06% 2TOMB Bb CO. ,Bospoacdense“ 
(Espeficxifi oponerapiats w HanionambHaa mpo6aema), Cu6., 1906, erp. 29—33. 

**) K. Kaymexté. ,HarionaibHoctTs Hamero BpemenH*. Ilepes. I’. JisposHya. 
Han. 2-e. Cm6., 1906, crp. 37, 438, 44 H ap. 











HAIIOHAIBHE BOIPOCS. 51 


WOrAOmMeniw KPYNHHMA HAMOBAIbHOCTSMH MCXEHXB H COSHNAHIN, Ta- 
KHME O6pPasomb, HANiOHAIbHOCTeHh, RABYNIHXS Bb BAMKHYTHXR 0618- 
CTSX%; OHO cKOpbe corbicTByeTh eme Ooxbmemy cwbmlesin Hanili, 
COSKaBad BC@ HOBLIA H HOBHA rpylih». Bb yaabybimlems OHS BEChMA 
OXOOPHTCILHO OTSHBAeTCH O BHICTaBseHHOH asctpificko# coniars- 
NeMOKpaTiei mporpamMb HunionaxDHOH aproHomin *). A Bb cTaThb 
O HalioHasbHOMs Boupoc’ Bb Poccin Kayrcrift yxe cb noanot onpe- 
WBACHHOCTLH UPHSHAeTh, ITO «COMIAFb-NeMOKPATIA AOSKHA OHTh BE 
TakoH xe wbpb HamionaibHoH, kakb JOMOKPATHYCCKOH», H ITO «Ha- 
IM0HaAbHad ABTOHOMIA MOKCTS H NOAKHA CTATb AOSYHTOME HHTepHAa- 
WioHasbHoH comiars-xemoRxpatTin» **), 

Hams He 3a95Mb, BIPOIeMS, UpHObrath Kb UHM bpaMs 9BOIWMIL 
MHCIH OTXBALHHXD ABTOPOBD JIA AOKASATOALCTBA TOTO HeCOMHbHHATO 
nosoxmexis, ITO Bb MipOBosspbHia coliazwsMa Bb OOsacTA Hanionatb- 
Haro Bompoca sa ocrbywee BpeMA ceBepmMHIcA KpyTOh a pbs3nifi 
repexomb. ua ostTo# mbaa serve H mbaecoobpasHbe Bcero BOCHOIb- 
SOBATbCA HMBIOMHMCA Bb HaMlHXb PyKAKb AparonbaAhiM'’ CBUNSTCAL- 
CTBOME—OT9CTAMH O XBATCADHOCTH HOCIbARATO (COCTOABMAarOCd Bb 
aprycTé 1907 r.) ovepequoro MemAYHapomHaro comiasucTHyeCcKaTo ROH- 
rpecca BB I[iltyrrraprb, 

Kakb BIOAHB BBPHO OTMBTHAD ABIOP HHTEPeCHAlO OTYETA 0 
Ilryrtraptckoms roxrpeccb, H. Taiiyaposs, «Hamiosarbanit Bonpoc, 
He CTOSXb Ha ordre dujour Kourpecca. Ho 7yxb ero BUTaXb Hab BCBMHA 
pa6otamm ero. Bb cymiHOcTH, eme He OO HH OfHOTO MeXTyHApOl- 
Haro COMaHHCTHYeCRarO KOHTpecca, KOTOpHH sanBMatcd Ob Takb 
MHOFO HaliOHaILHHM BOMPOCOMS H KOTOpHH BHCKAgAaICA OH OTHO- 
CHTeIbHO Hero cb Takok womHOTOW, KakB I[ltyriraprckifi koH- 
rpecch» ***). HW Bb oToMb HBTb HHICTO YAHBATCAbAALO, CCH UPHHSTS 
BO BHHMaHie, ITO Ha OFYEPeNb AHA OAH NOCTABAeHH Takie BUIpPOCH, 
KAED KOAOHiAAbHaA NOAHTHES, MHAHTAPHSM'D, OMBTpPAaMioHHad Upobszema. 
TakHMS IyTemMb ABATOAH HHTePHAMOHAAbHATO COMaAHSMa OKasatHCh 
BUAOTHYD OXBAICHEHMH ITBAHMG POeM BOMPOCOBS, BL BHXpPS KOTO- 
PHXE He@BOAbHO CBeEPAHAa MOZIS BCO TA XC HASOHZHBAA HaliOHatb- 
Had mpo6xema. 


*) RK. Raymextti. Kpasuct Bb Asctpin, cm. BB cOopH. ,OvepeqHHA mpo- 
OueMEI MeERLyHAponHaro coniauHsma®. Cu6., 1906, crp. 290, 292, 301 Aw zp. 
**) Cu. B. Medem. Conianb-yemoxparia H HaliosaxbBHA Bonpocs. B 
om. cr. KX. Kaymexavo. O nanionambHom’s Boupoc’ BB Poccis. Haz. ,Tpa- 
Gysa‘. Cu6., 1906, crp. 58—64.—Bs camoe nocrbynee Bpema Kayrceift upH- 
3HANb, ITO ,KPCCThAHCKOC XOS8SACTBO IIPH ORHOH H TOM He TOXHHKS MOKCTE 
CXYMATh OCHOBOH OFCHb pasPHIHHXb OOUIECTBCHHEIXE opMb, CMOTPA 0 
MMSHH CTPaHbl H coolicmeaws €10 cOcndcti® H ITO ,HOBOe cocToAHie oOmecTBA 
SABHCHTL OTb TOXHHKH, @CTOCTBCHHOA CpedH, ceciicmss cocndci u npedxoes 
cymecrsynmaro o6uectBa». K. Kautsky. Ethik and Geschichsauffassung. 
Stuttgart, 1906, S. 116, 189. dro yxe 6oubmaa ynBepcia Bb eTOpOHY UpHsHa- 
Hid ,HanioHasbHaro @axtTopa’. 
ee) I. Tatdapoes. UWlryrrraprexi&® xomrpeecs. CoOopmuxt ,Cepms’. B. I, 


* 


a2 M. BPATHEP SD. 


Iipacrymaemcs, KAKOBH Ke OAH BHICKASAaHHHC 10 STOMY BONpOCy 
HOBHG BSTAs fk. 

Yxe up o6cyxyenix BOMpocoBS KOAOHiaxbHOK NOARTHRHR ONpexs- 
ACHHO DposByiala HOTA BOOBS cBoOoAKaTO NOHEMAaHiaA HalionaxbHaro 
BOUpoca. | 

JjeaeraTs CoequnHenuHxt [lItatost, Caimonch 8agBuxb, 4TO 


»MH IpeAcTaBiseMb ce6B couialHcTHIeCEYD CHCTeMy, KAakD O6parcKrifi 
cobab Hauifi H pach, HO HH Bb KaKOMb CAywab HO TAKb, ITOOH OHA IACTh 
YOAOBiecTBa TOCHOACTBOBAaIAa, & Apyrad NOAYHHssACch“. 

Emuy BropHxb repMauckift xexerars Jlexe6ypt, sasbaBmili: 


»Mu adcoamTHO OTBeEpraeMh UPaBO ONeKH OAHOTO Hapora HANS ApyraMs 
H CYHTACMS HOBOSMOMBLIML, TOOL KOBTpecch OR0CpHIb uoAObHArO poma 
onexy* *). 

TB xe BSTAAIL OTPasHAHCh H Ha pesoAWUiaxb kourpecca. Tax, 
BL BHeceHHO# Baut-HKozemwt, Ba6o a ege6ypomt pesoannin roso- 
PEXOCh, 3TO 

»KANHTANH3MS 10 CyMleCcTBY CBOPMY HC HMBOTS HHOA OSAK, KpoMsB sasoo- 
BAHIA YYMEXDE CTPARB H NOAIHeHia CeO‘ YyRBXd HAaponHocTel*,— 

Bb TO BpeMA Kakb, 10 CAOBAM MPOCRTHPOBABHOH JaBHAOMD pesorWUiH, 

~cOMaH3Mb CTPOMHTCA DPC AOCTABUThL YOHOBBIeCTBY BOSMORHOCTh ACOOAb- 
BOBATh NPOHSBOXHTOCNbHHA CHAN] BCero BCMHOTO Diapa H BeCTH Kb BLicmes 
KYALTYpS HaporwW BCBXD pact H BCSXD Hapbiifi“ **). 

Boxbe onperbsenunii xapakTeph HOCHIH MHICAH 10 HallioHadb- 
HOMY BOIpOcy, CKBOSHBMiag BL jedaTraxh Ha caMy GOoeByW TeMy 
ROHTpecca—oO MHaIHTapHsM'. Ilpapza, mpecaoByTHH OpBe, TAKE MHOTO 
HaWyMBBOif CBOHMb A@HTH-MHIHTAPHCTCEHMS MOXOJ0MS, UpoboBars 
BHECTH Pe3OAWIN, BL KOTOPOH BCTPbIAaWTCA SAAKOMHIA HAM CAOBA: 

ia opoxetapiata SespasiHiHO, NOAb KAaKBMh NAysonaatnews u npa- 
Gumesscmsennums (!) (KypC. MOM) APIHKOMB efO SKCOAYaTAPyRTb KEAUHTa- 
AHeTHI”... 

Ho uspbcrext opiewh, OkasaHHH BSTadgaMb OpBe Ha KOHTpeccs 

Besbriticeiff jexerath Tpokre, kacasch pbum OpBe, mpexmecTBo- 
BaBlef JHTHPOBanHOH pesoannis, upA ob6mems cwbxb Kourpecca, 
AHOBHTO DPOMATHPOBAaTe: 

»OPBO TOBOPANS, ITO HSTB oTeseeTBa. OH AHBO CTABHTS HA MBCTO 
oreyectBa ,CoequHeHHHe mtTaTH [extpanbuoa Esponn". YToon Obit mocxB- 
NOBATCIBEHIM, OHS AOAKCHD OWAb OM YHBITORATS BCH TpakHOW H TOALKO 
COMaNIBTh, ITO OHb HO MOMCTH BKAVIHTS H Mapcts Bb HMurepHanionars*. 

Bh toms xe toHb byaco# uposia Mhopech HalOMHHAS O TOME, 
Kak 10 MOBOAY BHIXOAOKE Opse, 


»Matin® nombcTH1b CHHMEKH CO BCBXD HaCh H OKPYRHAD NOPTperTHl Hat- 
muebw: ,Hanionatbyne coniarb-eMoKpaTH*. TONLKO & H MOH hpanitysceie 
Upysba OKpyXeHhl HaANECbN: ,AHTHHANIOHAALHHe conianb-ZemoKpaTH” ***), 


*) H. Tattdaposs, wut. ct., ctp. 254—65. 

**) 3a pyOexemn*. Meaaynapoan. eonianuct. xonrpeccs BB [ityrtraprs, 
Cb npuxoxenions crat. Mapmosa ,Kounrpeccs sb Iltyrrraprs‘, Cu6., 1907, 
erp. 12,18. 

+#*) Taws xe, crp. 71, 62, 66. 





HANIOHAABHHIH BOLPOCS. 53 


Apyrie AexeraTH KOHTpecca BHpPasHAHCh 10 98TOMY MOBOAY ch 
HHTepeCHOW JAA HACh ONpeABACHHOCTDW H KATCLOPHURUCTBN. 

DHorbMap: » 

»Henpanyza, 6ynmro y Hach HhTS oTeyecTBa. MH HMBOMS OTEICCTRO, 
Kaxb Op WasekKO MH HH DIZH BS UpHsHanin OOMHOCTH KYALTYPHHXb HETer 
pecoBh BCSXB HAPOROBS, MEI GesyCHOBHO OTKASHIBACMCA IPUMKHYTS Eb 
yrommyeckomy sBossphuin, 6GyzTO Onin0 OH MONATOXBHO, FTOOH Hain 
HCI¢31H H YTOOH HA HXb MBCTO NOABHMACh OespasceyHad BCeHApOAHAR 
Kama“. 

BpaniiwHTs cb Hponie oapesxxyaraeTh BHpasHTL OxarosapHOCTh 
OpBe 88 TO ITO 

,OHD AaIb HAMS HOBOS DOKAsaTb HAMIG NONHO® eEAHHOAYMIe OTHOCH- 
TCILHO TOPO, ITO HanioHatHsMb H HATepHanio#anH3MS He CYTb UpOTHBONO- 
NORMHOCTH, HO, HAOCOPOTS, B8AHMHO AONONHAWTS Apyrs Apyra’. 


Baxbag: 
»Hanin ABAAWTCAH HO TONBKO NONCSHHMH, BO ame Neokcodumbluy 
QHOMCHTAMH YENOBHGecKaro pasBHTia“. 


Be6exs: 


oIPRO AYMACTD, ITO OTCIECTBO ECTH TONLKO OTOYOCTBO FOCHOACTBYIOMAXD 
KHACCOBh H, CTAHO GOHITh, AONMHO OCTATLCA CespasIHIHNMS AIA uporera- 
piara... OTO ome GOILMO# BOUpCCs, KOMY OpHHAAACKUTE oTeTecTBO. Bb 
BCR KEYALTYPHa8aA ARHSHb PAsBHBACTCA TONKO HA NOY poAHOTO ASHIKA, HA 
HOW;s HamionaxbHocTH. BariaHuTe Ha AscTpin, Ha Gopp6y NOARKOBD 38 HX 
HamioHanbHoe BOspomeHie. H Bb Poccin GescnopHo DOTHmMeTCA HalioHadh: 
HEIA BOUpOC. 

Kaman Hapods, cTpayanmif Nob TYRHME TOCHOCTBOMS, Aaxe Kora 
OHO DpHHOcHTS euy Staroxbanie, noqHMaeTca Bceh cBoeH maccof Ha Gopho6y 
3& CBOOOAY H OTOABHYTAcTS HA saXHiA UAanD BC OCTANLHHA SAR‘. 


Ip TakHxt ycroBiaxt BangepBerble, AOKAALYHESD KOMMACCIA 00 
STOMY BONPOCy, CABLYNODIAMS OOPasoMb pesNMHPOBAYE CYMHOCTS Ipo- 
HCXOJHBINAXS Ha KOHTpecch npeHit no HanioHaxbHOMYy BONposy: 


»MiI OHH COBCPMIeCHHO OAHHOAYMIEN OTHOCHTEALHO TOTO MYHETA, KOTO- 
pHi OHIb TAK OecTANe HaIomKeHD BB pbiaxt Bedera wu Baxbaua, ito 
DpeHocHAkKOH Wid Hamero HHTepHanioHadHsMa ABAKCTCR CYIIOCTBO- 
BaHie CBOOOJHHX®S H ABTOHOMEHX®, Hamif. Pagowiai untepHanionags He eCTb 
amopdéuas macca. Ont—cBO6oRHOS O6beRHHeHIcC AHBLIXD Oprannealif, consd 
H© TOALKO CAMOCTOATCADHHX TOcyAapcTss, HO H HaYid... MomHO mpHsHaTL 
cymiecTBoBaHie Hanifi HCOOXOXHMEIMS H Bb TO KO BPOMA HHKOEMD OOpPasoNs, 
HO OCIaONATL MORTYHAPOAHOA cBABH padolnx.... Kak 2anekH MBI OTS TOTO 
BpemeHs, Korga cuoBa ,KommynuctT. Manudecta’: ,1poretaplaTb He HMBOTS 
OTE1eCTBa* TONKOBANHCL Bb CMHICIS WONMAaro GespacaHyia H Aaxe Bpaxzed- 
Haro OTHOMeHIA Kb HHTeEPeCaMS HAaNiokaNbHO HesaBHCHMOCTH. Teneph 2TH — 
CXOBA OAyWawTS coBepuIeHHO Apyroh cmuicap. ,lponerapiaTs He um beTs 
oTeecTBa®, NOTOMY ITO ero OTeTeCTBO BaxBaieHO OGypayasioh Hw akcnayaTH- 
PyOTcA e~ HCKINUATCALHO BB CBOW NOAbSy. OHS HO HMBOTS OTETCCTBA, 9TO 
SHATHTS: Ons Oosmens saccesame ero ceOn. Unn, xaxd Jlamuncelf BHpasHab 
aTy MHICIb BE cBoeH pin Ba Kaumtagtckoms Jlyry: ,6esq0MHOMY Hapory 
BABOCBATL OTOYCCTBO, KAKS MBCTO AIA UpOABIEKia YEMIOBBIecKarO AOCTOHH- 
CTBA BH YEXOBBYECKOH paOcTH,—BOTS sanzaia coliausma’. 


«I pexcTabiaWT> JN MalioHambHoe M NHTEPHANiOHAMmHOe NPOTABO- 


54 MB PATAEPS 


NOJORHOCTH?>—CIpPalIMBasb HAKAHYHS OTEPHTIA KOHTpecca Bbe6erb 
BB cBoeft craThb BB «Schw&bische Tagwacht» a oTsbaaxs: 


,oagzara padoraro Kracca BCBEZb KYALTYPHHXb CTpakb BS ONHO ATO XO 
BPpeMA HalioHanbHa H HHTepHAanioHaIbHa... HanionanbHoe Hu BHTepHalionadb- 
HOG BOBCG H€ ABAACTCA NOHATIAMH H CTPCMICHIAMH, HCKIMTADNIEMH Apylb 
Apyra; Hac6opoTs, OHH Apyrb Apyra donosnavoms, Tlon06H0 Tomy, kakb Bb 
Upexabiaxb coOcTBeHHArO HApOAa HCTHHHOC S6JarococTosHie BCBxXb conwemeH- 
HHKOBD SABHCHTD OTS TOPO, XOPOMIO JH MABeETCA KamNOH oTIBABHOH ABIHO- 
CTH, TAK H Bb NpeAbraxh BEMAKOM CeMbH HApOAOBE Otaro OWHOrO Hapoza 
3QBHCHTD OTS Olara BCBXS Apyrux* *). 


Wntad sTH CTPOEH, ClyMad STH CAOBa, HeBOIBHO corsmamaelbea 
Ch MECIbO Bangeppeabye: «kakb JaeKH MH OT OTOrO BpeMeHH, 
Korma ci0Ba Homauynucmurecnaro Manuqbecma «upoxerapiaTh He 
HMBOTb OTCUCCTBA...» TOXKOBQAHCh BB CTOIL UPeBPAaATHOMS CMHICAB. 
IIporpecct yesosbueckoH MHICIH, Bb CBA8H Cb JaBleHieMb KOHKpCT- 
HHXb ycaoBii peaabHo# HcTopmueckoH RuSHH, Mad0-10-Many crbrarE 
cBoe Ab. . 

Pasanyie ABYXb NOHATIA: unmepHaytonanusua H KOCMONOAUMUSMA 
OH10, HAKOHEIb, YCBOeHO, B <HaHBHHt KOCMONOAMTHSMb» padolHXx'b 
MacCh H HXb COMiA@IUCTHICCRHXS Upescraputeseft cmbuwsica, 10 Tep- 
MHRBOOrin OTTO Bayepa, «CO3HaTeALHHMb HHTepHanional“sMoMD» **), 
aleIIHPYOMAMB Kb OOMHOCTH MERIYHAPOAHNXDB WHTePeCcOBh TPYLO- 
BHXB M@CCb, HO YyMBHOMAMS He NOCHTaTh H&a ABTOHOMHOCTS Hallio- 
HaIbHOH ABHH, CO BCMA BOSHHEANMAMA Bb ato chepb moludaka- 
IWAMH HHIMBBAYAaAbHarO pasBATig. 

Mvx#o, KOHEGHO, CkagaTb, ITO BCB IpPHBeAOHHHS MBEICIH, Cb Ta~ 
KHMb C(HHOLYOieMS H Tako HacTOHIMBOCTS BLICcKa3zaHHNa Aa [ltyrT- 
TapTCeOMh KOHrpecc, XOTA H XapakTepH3yHTs OUperbrewHoe HacTpoeHie 
COBPEMCHAHXS COMAIMCTHIECEAXS Chept Bb anno ObracTH, HO He 
JawTb elle, OLHAKO, MaTepiada JIA CYRICHIA O NPAKTHYCCKOMS, TAEB 
CKasaTb, NOHAMAHiH HalioHadbHaro RONpoca ThMA we ciepauu. Ho 
9TO ykasanie, NpaBuAbHoe MO cymecTBY, OclabageTca ThMD PakTOM'h, 
4TO BCe HE CCT OfHA COMAAHCTHYeCKad apTidq, BB ~baTeAb- 
HOCTh KOTOpOH aBHOU Ye BXOLRTS, Bb kaxecTBS OAHOH HSB Oe- 
PCLHHXB NOIATHYCCKAXD 3afaTb, paspaborka HanionaabHoh nmpo- 
TpamMME. AL pasymbiw apcrpifickym coniarb-qemoRpaTHyeckyh Tapriw. 
Bs crpaas, rab HanionaabHHa passuqiad BelHKH A pasHOObpasHH, a 
HaWiO¥aIbHHe KOHMAUKTH, LaBHO AOCTHTHYBD BLICWMeH TOUKH KRHUSALA, 
_ XBACTRYNTS cb pasbblawMmew CHAOW, HEBOABHO OTOABHTad Ha 3a1Hift 
NiaHb BCB RABOTPeneMymMie BONPOCH HHOTO COMiasbHaro nopsxea, 
QBCTpifickie COMiaIHCTH €CTECTBCHHHMS XOJOMb Belle A pPeatbHbIMH 
HYRAAMH WOABTHYECKOH GOPLON AaBHO UPHBeeHH Kb HeOOxo,HMOCTH 
YperyaAHPOBaHiA BSAHMHHXb Hali0OHaIbHWXb OTHOMeHIX Aw BNPabOTRH 
C& STOO IbIbK UpakTAyeckoH HalioHaabHOH nporpamMnl. Pa6ota ora, 





*) Taiidapoes, mnt. cr., erp. 241—250. 
**) Otto. Bauer, aut. 00%., S. 622—8. 





HAINONAIDENM BOMPOCS. Ou. 


OMHAKO, OKasarach He xerKOH, BOSMOMHOH KE NpPOBeAeHIW ARM 10- 
creneHHo. HanomHW) raaBHHe ead sTarH. 

IiporpaMMaba ocTanoBreHia coniart-qemopaTHueckoH paboyell 
napTin Bb ABCTpiH, BHpadoTanHHa BL Tatindorpzb BB 1888 — 89 rr. 
H jJONO0AHCHHH, & Ha Laptefitrs Bb Bbrb pt 1892 roxy, socars 
OOHGHHH 21a comiaxmcTuyeckax UporpaMM’s oOmili xapaxreps. Sybcb 
TOBOpU¥TCA: 

»ABcTpifiickad conialb-qeMOkpaTHyeckan padorad apTia AOOuBaeTCA AIA 
Bcero Hapoga, 6e3b pasunuiag HamiOHaILHOCTHA, pach! H Homa, ocBo6ox7eHiA 
H3b 00Xb Ha OEOHOMMICCKOA B3ABHCAHMOCTH, YHHUTOReHIA MOAATAYECKArO 
Gesnpasia H nO_HATIA HApOAA H3b ZYXOBHOH THMHI“. 

»ABctpifickad coliamb-yemokpaTaieckan padovag maptia ecTb naptia 
HHTepHagionHaibHas. Osa ocyxaceTb UpuBAerin Hani Takb me, KAaKb 
UpHBHAeriH poxyenia, H Doda, BiagbHiA H UpoHcxoxyenia, A OObABIRETS, 
43TO 6opb6a npoTHB akciayatalin 2O1KHa OHTb HHTepHAanionaNbHoO, Kaks 
HHTepHAaniOHaIbHa CaMa akclayaTamia* *). 


Mu BHJHMS, ITO BXbcb Upexb HaMH OOWYHHIG HeNOCTATEH cCTa- 
PHXS COMAIHMCTUICCRHXD HaViOHAIbHHXb Mporpamm’s. OpwB obmisn 
MBICHH, HH OfHOFO KOHKpeTHaro WpesAoKeHis, HH OMHOTO NparTuye- 
ckaro mbpoupiatia. O6OnapyxuBmeecs BCKOpB HeAOROXLCTBO TAKOTO 
pola «iporpammo#» no Ha6oxrbsmemy BONpocy HapomHOo xAsHH n0- 
HATHO, H Hocab ubsAarO PAA ONNTOBS AWTepaTypHoH paspaboTEH Ha- 
IOHasbHH BONpOCh OAS MOCTABACHS Ba cilewiatbHoe oOcyRseHie 
Bpwxscsaro naptetitara, co6pasmaroca 24--29 cenTa6pa 1899 roga. 
Bs uctopin passutia coniaaucTHuecko# MHCIn BB O6zacTa Hanio- 
H&aIbHaro BOmpoca paboTH osToro MapTeliTara WpeAcTaBAswWTh co60n0 
CBoeroO p0da KYIBMHHAaNiOHHEH YHETS; HCTOpHaeckoe 3HadeHie 
STHXD padoTh HeCOMH'BHHO. SI ROCHYCbh TOABKO CaMarO CyIIeCTBa 3a- 
TPOHWWHX Ha Maptefitarb BOMmpocoBE. 

Kart u crbsopato okusatTh, Cpe YeHOBS napretirara OKa8a- 
HOCh H@ MAaJO «<OpTOJOKCOBb>, Jd KOTOPHX'S caMad DOCTaHOBRa Ha- 
WiOH@aibHaro BONpOCA HA OFepeAb Ha COMiaTHCTHYECKOME CBB3AB npex- 
CTaBIslach CTpaHHo Hu HenbaecoodpasHol. 

Aeaerats Iperaheps (Saabnoyprs) 00 sTOMY MOBOAY roBopay': 

ol TyMab, ITO HanioHaIbHad GopbOa UpoHcTekaeTS He HSb HANiOHaIb- 
HEIX’, & H3b SKOHOMHYCCKHXS HHTePecoBD GypxyasHbixb KAaccos’. llosromy 
HamioHalbyad Oopb6a ecTh aBleHie OypxyasHaro MponcxoxAeHiA H HAC CO- 
BepmeHHO He Kacaetca“ **), 

Ilperadepy Bropuau ypyrie jeleraTH pasHNx HanionaabHocTeli: 

An6epmant (Ilpxembicab): 

»il afbcb BcHoMHHAaND Mapkca, KoTOpH roBOpHTb’ BB ucTopiv TONIbKO 


SEOHOMATECKIA NOOyaKNeHiA Macch uMboTS pbmaomee sHayeHie. Ecuu 6yp- 
MyYASHNA NapTid yBLeKawTCA HAaliOHAALHEIMS DIYTOBCTBOM}, TO MACCH BS 





*) Tlamarhaa KHAxKKA MapKcHcTa, cTp. 188—193. 
**) Ilurapyo no Opommpsh ,Jie6aTH 10 HalioHaIbHOMy Boupocy Ha Bpwr- 
ckoM® uaprefirars. Ka—so ,Cepm‘, crp. 40. Bb aanbnbamemb aymepania 
CTPAHHIK OTHOCATCA Kb 8TOMY KO H3anib. 


$6 M. OB OPATHE P b. 


caoeh ASaTOXLHOCTH HO HNCAANCTHINM H HO MOryYTb SaOhTh CBON SKONOME- 
weckie naTepechi*. (61—62). 

Tepuas (Tpiecrs): 

Mut nanionadbHHf BONpOCh MpeAcTABAAeTCA BOUPOCOMS MOAYAKA DAs 
Gypayasih H, KaKb TAKOBOA, OHS AOCAMCHB HACL TPOTATh OCHS MAO... 
Teneps y Hach, comiadeMOKPATOBD, TOALKO OHA 8ANAIa: UpOMOAMAaTh KWAc- 
copys Gopbb6y* (50-61). 

Ho ota mpaMossHeiinagd ToUKAa SspbHid, BOOAHS BL AYXb oOpToAor- 
CAaNIbHAarO MaTepiaxHCTHYeCKAarO MAPKCHSMa, HC BH8Bala COUYBCTBIA Bb 
GOABIIHECTBS cybexa, cOOpapmaroca cb oupelbsenHo mpaxTayecnok 
BIL — BHPAOOTKH HalioHaxbHOH MpPOrpaMMH, MOTPeOHOCTh BB KOTO- 
po#, cb TOUKH spbHia HHTepecoBh MporeTapiaTa, AaBHO 6bAa cOsHaHAa 
Bb Wponecch wosnTHIeckoH Oopp6n. Crapad HoTa mDposBygana, 
Kakb OTSBYKb JQBHO epeRHTHXE Tpasuuifi, Kkakb ecTecTBeHHas 
A@Hb OKaMeH'baMet orb, Bce elle BlalbBwWel YMOML H CepALeMD 
OpToxoKcon>. Ho MubHie OOAMINHCTBA CAORHAOCL COBCBMD Bb HHOMD 
HanpaBiewin. 

Boayb naprin AAxepb KaTerOpHY¥eCRH SAaHBHIB: 

»Mit He NOrKOMHICXOHAH H HE G6esb NOATaro KoneOaniaA UPHCTYOHAN ED 
pascmotphuin HationambHaro Bompoca. He noxomenie 2bxb BD ABCTpil 
TAKOBO, %TO HAMA DapTia AONKHA, HAKOHOND, NATb ACHHA OTBBTS HA VTOTB 
Boupocs... JlexxeHb COsHATLCS, MCHA KpahHe YARHBAACTS, ITO MHOTIC HY UPH- 
CYTCTBYDIMIEX, TOMANTE CO6b TONOBH! HANDb BONPOCOMS, KAKD 9TO OTPAsHTCA 
H& SKOHOMHYCCKBXD OTHOMOCHIaxd... MH ROAHH HAMBTHTL HaupaBrecHie, HO 
KOWOPOMY H&M HAAO DOATH, BAA TOTO, ITOOH He HHHBMEAA ABCTpig, a 
HapoAH, ee HacexswOlie, ROcTHraH Yero HA6yyL” (40—41). 


Aamascrift (n0xaK+): 


oCb HamionanbHHMH OCOGeHHOCTAMH MHI JONMHH CUHTATLOA; MH CTANE 
CHALBHB TOIBKO NOTOMY, ITO HAYARA CIHTATLCA Cb HHUMH H YRO ABQ Tora 
TOMY HA8aXb cosphaH AAA Toro, YTOOH ycnubmao paspbmaT, HanionastbaHh 
Boupoch BHytTpH uaprin. Jbxo uzeTbh Tellepbh 0 TOMS, MOKOMb-AN MEL H 
JONMHN-NH YCTAHOBHTL OTY UPOTpaMMy Baa Bcero rocyzapcTBa® (44—5). 

IlepHepcropdeps (Bua): 

~ECHH el@ HAXOAATCH “WIOHH napTefirara, KOTOpHe BB BOs6yxneHiR 
mamionaasHaro BOUpoca yCMATPHBAWTE ,3aTeMBeHic KNaccoBOrO CaMOcOsHaHLa 
npoxzerapiara’, TO A NOsBONN ceOb yKasaTb, ITO MHI HMCHYeMCA COMmialMeMO- 
KpaTHyeckoh naptief, H MH JOM OHIH ON BHIYeCPKHYTL UB cBOeH po- 
TpAMMEI CHXOBO ,J}eMOKpaTByeckifA“, ecuH Obl MBI HE NOWOPAHBAAH TSX 
TpeOopaHift AemMoKpaTiH, KOTOPHA YTBepRAAWTS UpaBa KamAaro HAapORa HA 
HamloHwaxbHoe cymecTBosanie® (61—2). 

IIpexnoxomenie, 4TO CaMasd MOCT@aHOBKa Hali0HasbHaro BOlpoca 
Ha COMMA ALOMOKDATHICCKOME napteitars, MOKCTB HBEOTOPHIMS o- 
KASaThCA CTPAaHHOW H HeOMALAHHOW, OHIO CTOAb pacupocrpaHeHo, 
GTO AOKAANYHEE SexABrepd Havaib cCBOH AOKIAXb Cb OTBBTA Ha 
BTOTE BONpOCD: 

»Moxers nokasaTbca nmperHBopbilems, YTO MEI, KOMTpeccs HHTepHanio- 
HAIBHOA coniaxyemoxpaTiH BB ABCTPIH, CTABEME BONpOCD O paspborexin 
HaliOHaXbEOh upo6semH... XapakrepHO, ITO MHI, KOTOPHXS KACHMETEL EXEY- 
Koh apjeh Geom nanin, 6esb oTONeCTBAa, MHI HINOME paspbmenig namionaxb- 





HaIIOHAABHHM BOIPOCS. 57 


Hof npo6xemH... Beo 3Tro MHS AIHTHO He KameTca UpOTHBophilems; HAUpo- 
THES, #@ PasCMATPHBAW Halle BMBMIATeALCTBO BD pasphmenie HanionasbHOk 
WpoOzemMH, KAKb BLIUOMHeHIC eCTeCTBCHHOM sagaiH aBcTpificxoh comiaseNo- 
xpaTin. Mu Teepyo yObeyeHH, ITO DpH HACTOSIICM, NOAOMOCHIN Bemes 
Gombme BCBXB cTpaxacTh pagovifi Kzaccb. Patol kKxacch BHHOCHTS HA 
CBOHXS Uxe%vaxb HakHOoAbMyno Jom Gopp6w HamionatbHocteh H HCKAWYE- 
TCHLHO OHS ONNAIHBACTS MATOPiaXbHHA BSepRKR ITOH BoflaH. 5 He roBOpH 
yxe 0 TOME, ITO TAMD, FAB UPOUCXOAATS HanioHasbEHA TPeHiA, Ab cTpa- 
AQWTb AWAH, Tb AbOTCA KPOBb, TAME OOHKHOBOHHO CTpayacTsS Mpexetapiars, 
HOO OHS UPHHHMACTS YIAcTic Bb KARNOMD DNOABTHYCCKONS COGLITIH, TO BB 
KavecTab HemocpezeTBeHHaro Gopla, TO KaKb spuTexb... Hoacnocts aserpia- 
CkKoh HamioHagbHoh opo6azemn BCerma JaBanta GootaxaMs NH KACPHKAAAMD 
BOSMOMHOCTE BOSCTAHOBAATLD OHY Hani NPOTHBS Upyrof cb ThMd, Tro6u 
Ha BCUHXUBABIICMS OrHhb HanlionaxbHoak BpaKIH ,BAaPETb ec6h xymanbe* 
H OKASHBaTh OrpoMHoe BAigHic Ha TOCyNApCcTBOHHyw MusHb... Mw He ROAMALW 
CMOTPBTh Ha 2Ty GopLOy CO CEOMCHHHIMH PYKAMH, TAKD KAKD BY ste Ha- 
WMiowaabHoR Ours’ Oypxyasin Goxbme sBcero cTpagaeTs upoxetapiars. 3a 
nocrbauie 21/, roza omecTOUeHHOR HaliomanbHOs GophOH comaaxqeMOKPAaTNYe- 
Cxie JenyTAaTH He HNSIH BOSMORHOCTH IPOBCeTH BB DApAaMeHTS abcozAWTHO 
HOOOXONHMEIO H HACYINHH© 8AKOHH BB OOxACTH padotaro BAKOHONATCAbCTBA 
H UpHAaTb HANIHME TPeOoBaHiaMb TOTS BSCb, KOTOPHA HEOOXONEMS JAR BXb 
peanusanin® (80—2). 

Bb DUTBPOBAHHHXS CTPOKaXt AOKZAAS CKOHNCTPAPOBAHA CYNIHOCTS 
TBXS YHCTO UPAKTHIECKHXS coobpamenifi, BcxbacTBieKoTOpHX® 60ab- 
INHHCTBO CBS8Aa NPHMIAO Kb HEOOXOANMOCTH BHPAOOTEA OUpexbACH- 
HOM HalionasbHo uporpamMy. Bs osTOMb CMHCXB MORHO CKa8aTS, 
GTO KB KOHDY JeOaTOBb caMad MHICAb 0 HEOOXOAHMOCTH, Bb HATEepe- 
Ccaxh UposetapiaTa, BHpaOoTKH Takol HaMioHasbHOh UpPOrpaMM yxe 
HH Bb KOMb HC BHSBAIa COMHSHIB. Ho gax0BO BOSMORHOS KOHKPECT- 
Hoe paspbieHie HamionasbHoft mpo6AeMH Cb TOUKH SpbHia .AHTEp- 
HaMiOHarbHaro comiasH3Ma H NpHWBHHTeXbHO Kb ycaoBiawb aBcrpill- 
ckoh H3HH? HW oToTh BOUpOCh BHSBAaXb ORHBICHHHA UpeHia Ha 
naprTeftars. 

Pa6orasmiag 40 Mapreiitara coe\HHeHHaA HCNOAHETCABHAA KOM- 
MHCCia, COCTABACHHAd H8b Mpexcrapatexelt BchXS aBcTpificKNXb Ha- 
MoHnarbHocTeH, BHeCAa, Bb BAAB UpoekTa, CBOW pesoawmiw, KOTOpad 
H NOCAyYRHIa® KaHBoH Asa OGcyajeHia Bompoca. ABTOPH pesos, 
HCXOJA 48% ThXE cooOpaxenift, 170 <HanionaxbHHa pacipH Bb ABCT- 
pin IpeHATCTBYNTS NOAHTHYCCKOMY Uporpeccy H NapaxHsyHTb KYIb- 
TYPHOG PasBHTlO HAPOJVBh>, ITO «8TH PAaCOPH BHSHBAWTCA, Ipemxe 
BCCIO, NOAHTHYCCKAMD HOCOBEPIICHCTBOMS OOMeCTBeHHAarO YCTpOicTBa», 
H 4TO <lpogommenic HalionaabHot OophON aBAReTCa AYWUIHMS Cpes- 
CTBOMS, UPH NOMOMH KOTOparo KOMAaHAybMie Kzacch OOesleqHBaNTS 
ceG FociocrBo H MpelaTeTByeTb BCAKOMY UpoaBAeHiN HCTHHHAIXD 
H&2POXHHXS HHTCPCCOBh»,—IPOCKTHPYWTS TAaKOe YCTpokcTs0, pH 
KOTOPOMS, Ha PSAY Ch TROPANMDS COOmACHiONE «<IPHHNANOBE BHTEp- 
HamonarbHaro Ooenore equHeHia», UPHaHAeTCA <IIpaBo Kampol Hauin 
H& Walliokasbwoe cymecTBoBanie H HallioHasbHOe pasBuTie>, XCRPeTH- 
pyetca ommbua BCaRHXS <HaliOHAIbHHXS UPHBHACTif>, BS TOMS 
umcas um rpeOosania <rocyyapcrsemmaro asiika>. Cami cTpoi B8auM- 


‘58 M. B.PATHEP SS. 


BHXb HalivwalbHHXxb OTHOMeHIM mpoeRTapyeTca Ha CAbAYOMUXt 
OOMIHXS OCHOBAHISXD: 


1. ABCTPif MORMETL CYMIECTBOBATh TOIKO, KAKL TOMOKPATHIECKOS ,TOCy- 
Taperso HamionaxbHocTeh’ (<HanionHaAbHoe comsHoe rocyAapcrBo>). 

2. Oro cowmsHOe YTOCYAAPcTBO COCTOATh Sb ABTOHOMBHXD HAaMOHatb- 
HHXb CAaMOyUpaBsAbUAXcaA oOONacTeh, COBNAAAWIMHXS 10 BOIMOMHOCTA CB 
,OLHOASH IHRM. OO1aCTAMH. 

3. CamoyupaBrsmllianca o6nacTH O4HOA H TOH xe HaniH OOpasywTS Bch 
BMBCTh OHO BanioHanbHoOe WbACe; HocabyHee paspbmaeTh Bch CBOH Ha- 
MoHaIbHHA Wbua (Kacalnmincd KYIbTyph H A3HKa) BUOAHS aBTOHOMHO. 

4. IIpasa HanieHadabuaro MCHBIIHHCTBA Bb OONACTAXS CO CMBDIAHHHME 


‘HaceleHiemt o6esleyHBawTca OCOOHMS 8AaNOHOM® (Bb ccheps ero Hamionaas- 
‘HOH Absrenbyocts) *). 


Ce cBoefi CTOPOHH, KOMHTETOMD WKAO-CAABABCKOL COMaIb-eMoKpa- 
THUeCKOH HapTin OWAa Mpesaowena Naptetitary oco6as pes0rwgis, Bb 
KOTOpoH coxepmarca TB xe OOmia ykasaHia Ha TO, ITO «HalioHadb- 
HHA pPacipH NpenATcTByHTS Wporpeccy A YcUbIAOMY pasBATIW Hapo- 
OBB»; ITO «KOMAHAYWMIC KIACCH HCHOALSHIBAWTG BTA PacupH Bb 
CBOHXB HHTepecaxh»; 4TO «paspbmenie HalioHadbHaro BOUpoca BB 
ABCTPiH e€CTb YCAOBi€ KYILTYpHaro Uporpecca u xosslicTBesHaro pas- 
BATIA HaCceseHid, &2 TAKKE OKROHGTECADHOH SKOHOMMICCKOH oMAaHCH Talia 
abcTpilickaro NpOAeTapiaTa>; 4TO «Bb BHAY sTOTO Upoxetapiars o6a- 
BaHb CIOCOOCTBOBATh CUpaBeAAHBOMY H OtaropasyMHOMY paspbuleniw 
sTOrO BOupOca» H T. A. Bb BAY OTOTO pesOIWid MpOeKTUPyeTs oOpra- 
HH8allii0 TAKOTO <rocysapcTBeEHHArO CTPOA, BS ROTOPOM’S BCBMS Tpawka- 
HaMb UpeAOCTaBIeCHH! OLBAAKOBHA 1paBa H BO8MOKHAOCTS YWaCTBOBATS 
Bb YpaBleHi rocyxapcTBOMb» H BMBCTS cb TBMb UPHSHAeTCA «33 
RaxI0H Halieh HeOrpaHHyeHHoe NpaBo Ha HallOHadbHOe CyMLeCTBOBA- 
Hie», Cb coOamxeHiemb pH STOMB «TOUKH spbHia BATepHanionaLL- 
Haro eHHeHiA a OpaTcTBa paboyaro ExAacca BCBXD Halifi BL HHTe- 
pecaxb Kakb BCeIO FOCyAapcrTBa, TAaKb H OTABALHHXD ero yacTefi». 

Kb ocymecrBxesilo moyo6Haro rocyfapcTBeHHaro cTpoa BeAyTs, 
10 MBICIH pes0IHUi#, cABAyWUIA DOAOMeHiA HanioHarbHoH UpOrTpamMn: 


1) Asctpia WoNmHa CTATh JOMOKPATHICCKHM' COWSHHIND rocyapcrBows 
HanionanbHocte (Nationalitaten-Bundesstaat). 

2) Kaman sapoab, xaBymifi Bb AscTpix, HesaBHCHMO OTS O6mTaemol 
ero SIeCHaMH TOppHTOpiH, UpeACTaBILAeCTL ABTOHOMHYD rpyouy, KOTOpad BOOS 
CAaMOCTOATCILHO YAOBMETBOPACTS H PCTYAHPYOT CBOH HalloHaAbHHA DoTpes- 
HOCTH (KacawMiscad KYILTYpH H ASHIKA). 

8) Teppatopianbana o6tacTH AMBNOTS INCTO-AadMBHHCTPAaTHBHOe 3HayeHie 
M HE OKa3bIBaWTb HHKAKOrO BAisHiA Ha HAaNioHaNbHHA OTHONIEHIS. 

4) Bs rocyzapctsb sch Hwapbiia paBHOUpaBHH; DOITOMY, HCKADYawTcs 
BCAKiA HaniOHAaILHHd DpeHMYyINecTBAa, a TAakKe H BCAKIA TrocyapcTBeHHANA 
ABHIKb, HEOOXOJHMOCTb BCECTOPOHHHAX®S CHOMeHIA 8AaCTAaBHTb CBOOOAHHIA ma- 
i, KpOMB podHOro A3LIKa, YYHTECA H TSMS AZLIKAM, KOTOPHEG HMB HEOGXO- 
' AMMEI Bb UPAKTHIeCKOA KHSHH **). | 


*) Ibuuxoms pesozioniw cm. Bb ,Jle6ataxs”, erp. 27—9. 
**) Tam> me, crp. 75—7. 





HAIIOHAXDHHIH BONPOCS. 59 


Conocraniaad oTH BS BHTHPOBAHHHA pesosWHin, BHECOHHHA HA 
o6cyxyeHie Oaptelitara, MH IeTkO 8aMbTHMb Bb HUXS CYMECTBEHHOE 
pasanvie BE OCHOBHOM TOUKS spBHia Ha chocoOH paspbuichia Hanionasb- 
HOH npoobzeMu. 

Pesoiwnuia «coeqHHeHHOH HCNOIHUTeALHOH KOMMACCiH» (HeHTpadb- 
Haro KOMHTeTa OObeAHHeEHHOH conialh-JeMOKpaTuyeckoH aptin AB- 
cTpia) MpoekTHpyeTs coequHeHiec BL OABO «TOCyAapcTBO HalioHambHO- 
cTeH» Irbaaro PSA ABTOHOMHO CaMOyOpaBIAWMaxca Hali0HaIbHHXs 
oOlacTei, COBNAaaWMHXS 00 BOSMOMHOCTH Ch «<ONHOSBHIIBHIMY> 06- 
AacTAMH, UpH ycAoBid OrpaxjeHid OCOONMh S8aKOHOMS UpaBh Hanio- 
HaIbHaro MCHBIIHHCTBA Bb OOSACTAXS CO CMBIMAHHHMD HacereHiemw’h 
BH OOpasopakid ABTOHOMHO CaMOYUPaBIAWMAXcA HAWiOHAIbHWX ea- 
HHI ABB OOJacTel ONHOH H TOH we HanioHAaZbHUCTH. SA‘bcb, TAREMS 
oOpasoms, Upestosaraerca pH peoprakusania HaniOHadbHHIxb OTHO- 
meni pYKOBOLHTbeA PHHNBHOMS MpOCTpancTBeHHAaro pasMbulenia 
OTXBIBHHXEB Halifi, Bb COOTBBTCTBiZ Cb KOTOPHMS H TpeOyeTca pe- 
OpraHAsalid yupaBieHia oOlacTaMH: OO6AaCTH BHKPaHBAWTCA 10 BOS- 
MORKHOCTH <OJHOSSHYANA», T. ©. HACCICHAHEC, UPeACTAaBHTelAMa OLHOL 
HaliOHaIbHOCTH; OJHOA3HYHHA O6AACTH TOCYAapcTRa OOpasyMTb OHO 
iba0e, UpaBa HaliohalbHHXb MCHbINHHCTBA OOeslewBawTca «0co- 
OHIMDE 3akOHOMb». Wim CIOBaMH, pasOupaeMLli MpoekTh IPOHHEARYTS 
TAKb HashHBacMHMb «meppumopianondimo» IPHADAMOMb, DOCTPOeHd 
NO TROY «meppumopiarsnoti» win «<odnacmHow> aBTOHOMIL. 

Msp ypyro# Tourn spbHid MCXOAUTb pe301WUis, IpeisomeH- 
Hast aptelitary KOMHTeCTOMb WxekHOCIABAHCEOM comiars - Jemonpa- 
THYeckOH Dapriz. Kak UpexcTaBuTeH Hapota, EMbwWMaTO MmascH 
OKasaTbca Bb HesaBHHOH pou MpecazoByTaro «HalioHalbHaro MeHb- 
DIMHCTBa» UpH camo Jame copepmeHHOH OpranHsalia «O,HO- 
A3HIYHUXb» OOsacTeH, WAHO-ClAaBAHCKIe COMAaIb-leMOKpaTH ecTe- 
CTBEHHO He “DUTAaWTh ocobaro AOBbpix Kb OaroTBOPHOCTH ciacH- 
TEAbHATO «TeppHTOpialbHaro» UpPHHOWHOa cb MazeHBKOH oronopKolt 
O HeoOxoquMocTH orpassenia HeBBAOMHMB <OCOOHMb 8aKOHOMD» 
pas Hanionalbwaro MCHbINAHCTBa. Bb MOTHBAPOBK'B cBOeH pe30IN- 
Hi OHH IpPaMO S8adBIaWTb, ITO «yCTaHOBEBMasca TOIKA spbaid Ha 
aBcTpificxift HanionalbHH BONpocb A0xHa, HOO Bb He cmbuOIHBaeTCA 
HOHATIe 0 Halia Cb NOAATieMS O TeppATOpiH, H TBMb CaMHIM YHCTO- 
KYAbTYpHHH BONpOCh UpeBpallaeTca BB BOMpOCh O TOCHOACTBb»; 4TO 
«Mey ThYb, HABAA Haid HAROTIA He MOKETS OLITh OTORICCTBISEMA 
Ch MEPTBHMb YTreorpapuieckHMb MakTopoms —orpaHHyeHHoH TeppH- 
Topiei» *). 

Tio SsTHMB HMCHHO cooOpameHiaMS WRHO-ClABAHCEAR pesOIWMlA H 
BHICTABIseTh TpeOoBanie, BL CHAY KOTOparo TeppuTopialbHbla vO1acTH 
upioOpbraNTbh 4HCTO AIMHHUCTpaTHBHOe SHayeHie, He OkAashiBad HH- 
EaKoro BiiaHia Ha HalioHatbHha OTHOMeHig, a Box ABCTpia IpeBpa- 





*) Tau» me, cTp. 75. 


60 Me OB. OUP ATHE'P b&b. 


maeredx Bb comshoe Tocyzapcrso HagionaabHocreH (Nationalitaten- 
Bundesstaat), upH 1eMb KamAWH Rapoxb, RABYOUA BD AscTpil, He 
SABHCHM6 OTS OOuTaeMOl ero WeHAMH TeppxHTOpiH, OOpasyeTb aBTo- 
HOMHYN Tpydny, caMOyUpaBmAWMyHCs BL O61aCTH CBOHXD HalloHal- 
HHXb HHTCPeCcoBs. 

Srbeb, TAKHMS OGpas0M, BOPXOBHNME KPHTCPleML A1A KOHCTPYE- 
nin HAMOHAALHHXS DpaBh ABAdeTCH He OOAACTh, HE TePPHTOPIA, He 
wbcTO, 8aHHMaeM0@ HApOAOMS, 8 CaM Hapokb Bb KayecTBb i1paso- 
cmoco6Hard AHNa, BB kaxvecTBb cyOBeKTa HAallOHaAbHHIXb pass. Bs 
IIPOTHBONOAOMHOCTL MeppumopiaALnoMy IPHRTALY, SXbCb pers HaMA— 
IPHHNEI sxcmeppumoptatenri t, NepConHnasonnd. 

SallMTHHEOBE TOFO H APyrOrO UpHHHHa—meppumoptasnaro H 
nepconanenazo—He MAIO Hamx0ch Ha Naprefirarb, H BOKPYTS HEX 
BOSTOpBAHCh CTPacTHHe, HO TAyOOKO KHSHEHHHE CHOPH. 

SamaTsuRt TeppHTopiaxbHaro NpPHENANA Bb CMNCXS mpe;zomenia 
COCMHHCHHOM KOMMHCCIH AOKAAAWHRS Fenuzeps TOBOPHT, 4TO 

~HamloHaxLHLif BOUpOCD paspbuIHME TOALKO Bb AOMOKPATHICCKOMS CMH- 
exh", ¥TO ,HAliH QOAMEN NOLYIHTh NOAHOS NpPsBo caMmoonpexbuenia*, 758 
qgero ,ABCTpin IpoeKTHpyeTca pasNbARTh HA HANlOHANbHHA CaMOyNpaBAaD- 
miaca oO2acTH, ABTOHOMHO phulanmia Bch cBon Xbna°. ,Kakb BB BoUpocs 
© MkoxS, TAKD H BO MHOHXS APYTHXS Boupocaxs, yipemyenie Hamlonatt- 
HHXB CAaMOYUPaBAADILHXCaA o6uacTes YCTpaHHTb OBOLb Kb HanioHanbHok 
Bpaxrb“. Tips 3TOMD ,AAA TOTO, qrooH YCTPAHHTb NAOCKOCTS TpeHia MCRLY 
HaligMH, HEOOXORHMO TOUHO YCTAHOBHTL NYTeMD 3akOHA, 20 KAKAXb mpext- 
NOB) AOUYCTHMA CBOGOTA pasBATIA HANiOHAABHATO MOHDIUHHCTBA, T. ©. yCTa- 
HOBETL npexbazt Brinig wauionanbHaro GoxbmuncrBa’. Bo Bcakomb cayuas 
,XB10 HACTS O TOMS, ITOOH HaATH Th OCHOBH, IpH KOTOPHIXt OyAeTS BO0s- 
MOMHO COMHTCIECTBO BCSXE HAPONOBD BB rocyapcTBs, H KOTOpA Wawrs 
rapanti Bb TOMS, ITO HAmionANbHagd Bona ycTyOHTS MBbCTO IBCTOM KAACCO- 
Boh Copb6b (83—6), , 

Tio mabuin Apyroro cTOPOHHHEA TOrO He NPHHUALa—pycnHcKaro 
xexeraTa [‘ankepyya, 

»ABCTpia NOoAmHa OHITE paslbuena HA TAKIA HAliOHALHHIA CAMOyUpas- 
aapiiaca oOzacts, rh Kamas Hania Morgza 6H pacnopamaTLca CBOeH CyAb- 
Gof* (47). 

Haxozerrs, Ieppepcropiep BHpasHACd Bb TOMS CMEICIB, 

»iTO Tpemyze Bpcero Halli Bb CBOCMS CYMICCTBOBAHIH JOImHa 6uTE 0662 
NOwHa H BAlIMIeHA. GTO OGesneienic Hai BOSMORHO TONLKO NOCPOACTBOME 
ycTtanosxenHia oupeABACHHLIXS HalioHatbHHXs TeppuTopift® (52). 

GalHTHHEH 209CH0-cAaeRHCKOU, POSOAWNMIH WAH TOPAs{O AAABMe BD 
Bb CBOHXE lpesloxenisx. 

Kpumrayt (Tpiecrs), Bb UpoTHBONOAORHOCTA «TeppHTopiasbHol 
HamMonasbHOH aBTOHOMiH» BHABHHYIS BACH «<HalionasbHOl aBTOHOMIE, 
HOS8aBEHCHMO OTb TeppHTOpiH». 

TeppuTopiaxbHas opraHHsania Hanif He UpaRezeTS KB ban. ,llocas 
TOPO, KAKS HAMOBANLHHA TeppHTOpiH HsMBHATCA, MHL epesb HepOAOAEN- 


TOXBHOG BPOMA, KOra HAH CHOBA NepembHATE cBoe MbcTOUpeOHBaHie, by: 
OM BHHYRICHH KOHCTPyHPOBATL HOBHIC OKpyra‘... MEY QOIKHH NpPBHIE- 








HANOHAIBHBIt BOIPOCS. 61 


HiAXbHO YCTAHOBHTS, YTO PABHONpaBie HeOOXOAHMO ANA Hapora, KoTOpHA He 
DpeycTabiseTh HacexeHis, RBBYMarO HA OHO TeppHTOpiH, a CyMMY AD ZOER, 
DUPHSHAWIMUXS CBOW UPHBAWMCRHOCTL Kb OFHOH HaniH® ,Pesorpnia coeqE- 
HeEHHOA KoMMBCCIH TOABKO HOMHOFO YMCHbINHTS DAOCKOCTL TpeHia Mey HA- 
WiadMH, HO WanekO HO YCTPAHHTD AX’. Jlaxe Bb ThXb cTpaHaxt, ry wanin 
XKHBYTE KOMIAKTHHIMH MACCAMH, HA DepHdepin on’ cubmaun Meaxy coson. 
Byers TpyqHo, nosToMy, ycTAaHOBATb rpaHsuun. Kaxkp, Hanp., BO3MOXHO 
ycTpauBar, TeppHTopiagbaha paszbienia: 10 HanioHadbHucTaMb Bd Bepero- 
BOK s3emMab? Topont Tpiecrb word COBepMeHHO HTAaAbAHCKIA, Okpymawmlia 
xe eFO TeppHTOPiH MOYTH HCKAWYBTCABHO CueBeHCKiA®. I'pomannan WAcTS 
PYCHHCKOH Hanin KXABCTE BD Poccik: ,y HBMNOBS CCTb OTHOUICHIA BB 0Oxa- 
CTH KYALTYPH KB HSMDAMS, KHBYMHMD BES ABcTpin*® (48—50). 


Ilo mubain O1xenOoreHa, HYKHO «<lIpewAe BCeTO S8aSBHTb, 4TO 
MEI HE HaCT@aHBaeMh Ha TEPpHTOPlaXbHOME IIpHaDAS, HO CEAOHACMCA 
KB OOpasoBakin HaNiOHasbHHXb CAHHHND 68% TeppHTOpiH, OCHOBLHI- 
BaDMAxce Ha JO6pOBOILHOMS DPH3HaHi# H paspbmanmlaxh CBOH 
KYABTYPHHA Abia BNOAHS aABTOHOMHO>. TeppuTopiasbHoe o6ocobzenie 
Hanift He NOMOmeTB bay. ; 

~Korga rpanauhl 6yXyTb HHKCHPOBAEN, TO HAMS TOIBKO UpocTo 6yeTh 
KABATECA, ITO HACTYNBAO SATHIIbG Bb HAiCHANLHOA Oopb6b; MEI H Tora He 
cyMBbeMb BOCOpenAaTCTBOBAaATL cMBMeHiID TWeHOBS OTABILHNXD Hanif, n60 
TIPHYHBH ero ACKATL BO BHBMAUXD OOcTOATCULCTBAaX’b. OGosnaiag ouperb- 
J@HHO IpaHHOW H Bb TO K€ BPOMA KOHCTATHPYA, ITO B3AHMBOS MPOHHEHO- 
BeHie Hanifi He MOmeTS DPOKPATHTLCA, MHI COZTACMD OeslpepHBHYN OSU Ha- 
MioHAALHHXS TpeHift, KOTOPHXD MH KAKb Pash XOTHME H2Obuatp. Moweny 
KO HaMB He KOHCTPYHPOBATh HalioHaNbENXxd Kopuopanil, COCTOAMHXD H3b 
JHCHOBS, TOOPoBOMLHO ce6A KB HHMD UPATHCAAMMHXD, A COsAaTh TAKOA 
modus, upH KoTopoms Hania xAbfcrsyrextuo pbmain Obf BUOAHS camocro- 
ATCIBHO CBOH Bua. ,.MH HE MOONS 3QMKHYTE BB Husnieckia TpanHO 
AYXOBHOC cozepmaniec HanieHaubHOcTH, ex TBOpieckia cmeco6HocTH BD 06- 
H&CTH HCKyccTBa H AHTepaTypH* (55—7). 

OTa ied oKcTeppHTOpiaxbHoH HAH epcuHaxbHO# Hanionasb- 
HOft ABTOHOMIH BCTphraza, OfHAKO, Ha MapTelitarh oHxepra HH OTHOpt. 
AAxep?, Halp., Halex, ITO 

~9T0, ABACTBHTCILHO, OFCHL OOraTAR HCH, HO COMHHTCNbHO, ITOOH KTO- 
HHGOYb CIHTAND Ce HCHONHHMOM BB HacToamee Bpema* (42). 

~O THX NOPCUeKTHBAXh, KOTOPHA Lepelb HAMH PasBepHYAD TOB. Kpuui- 
LaHb, Telleph, KOHOYHO, He MOKETD ONT H PBIn",— 


cKasazb xpyro BHAHWH xbateab napria, [epnepcropheps (54). 

: Bw pesyasraTb BcBxD oTHXE JeOaToBh OblAa we6paHa Heb Upel- 
cTaBHTexelt pasdHYHHXxb Halil KomMuCcia 10 HCIpaBseHIW pe301N- 
win, mocxyb paGorn KoTopo# pesoxpuia COeXHHeHHOM KOMMHCCiH IpH- 
Haza cIBlywoMyH Popmy. 

Bs pesosumnin sto, exHHorzacHo BaTbME NpHHATOH naptrefraroms, 
OBTOPeHH H NOXICPEHYTH cooOpameHia 0 TOMS, TO HallOHaXbHHa 
IIpH UPeMATCTBYHTS WOAHTHYCCROMY Mporpeccy H KyIbTYpHOMY pas- 
jx0 HAPOAOBh; 4TO BL HHTepecaxt IpexeTapiaTa YyHAITOmeHIe Ha- 
iona@ABHaro ruera H IpHsHanie mpaBa KaajoH Hain Ha Halionadb- 
e cymecTaopanie H HalioHasbHue pasBHTic—H T. 1.—Bb MOAHOMS 








62 Me BOP ATHE P %. 


corzacid Cb MpoekTHpOBaHHO BHme ‘pesompniell eoexHHeHHOl KOM: 
muccin. HanionaabHna xe Tpe6opakia OpMyAHPOBAaHHI Bb OKOHGAa- 
TexbHof, upHsaToH maptefitaromh pesomonmin cxrBAywUaMs oOpa- 
SOMB: 

1. Aserpia qoumHa OHTA mpeo6pasoBaHa BS TOCyxapcrTBoO, UpeCTaBARD- 
mee eMOKpaTHecKiA cOWsh HaANnloHaIbHOCTeH. 

2. BurkcTro HCTOPHYCCKHXD KOPOHHNXD 3OMONb JOXHH! ONT OOPAsoBaeHy 
HaliOHAALHO-OTTPAHHYCHANA CAMOYUPABAAWMIACA AXMHBHCTPATHBHHIA ©H- 
HAH, Bb KaxkOH 48% KOTOPHXD S€KOHONATOAILCTBO H yupaBxzeHie HAaxOAE- 
AHCh OL BD PyKkaXd HanioHaIbHaro apuaMeHTa, H30paHHaro Ha OcHOBS 
Beeodmaro, UpAMOTO H paBHaro TroOcoBaHis. 

3. Camoyupanzanwmiaca o6nactH ofHOA H TOH me Hani OOpasymTs BMt- 
cTS OJHHD HAMIOHAILHHA Cconmsb, KOTOPHA pbmaerTb cBOH HaliOHaALHHs 
ABLa BOOAHB aBTOHOMHO. 

4, IIpapa HaniOHSIbHHIXb MOBbIIHHCTBS OGeSIICYHBANTCA OCOOHM®D ga- 
KOHOM'b, H3AaBACMHIMS HMDCPCKHME DapJaMeHTOM’d. 

5. MH. He DpH3HaeMb HHKAKHXD HAllOHaNbHbIXd UpHBHNeriA, a NOTOMY 
OTBeEpraemb Tpe6oBaHie TOCyAApcTBeHHArO ABHIKAa; DOCKOAbKY HeOOXOAMMD 
OOMIA ASHIKb AIH CHOMeHIA, OyZeTh ycTaHOBAeHO HMNeCPCKHMS nDapzaMen- 
TOMS *). 


Canyaa 065 pesosionia—mnpoekTHpoBaHHyNw (COeqHHCHHOH KOMMHC- 
ciH) H IPHHATYH,—JerkO 3aMBIHTh HX CYMECTBEHANSA OTAHYia. Bax- 
HO, ITO H8b UYHETA 2-fO NpPOCKTHPOBaAHHOH pesoswnin (cM. cTp. 58) 
BhIBHHYT& OTOBOPKa HacdeTb HeEOOXOAHMOCTH COBUayeHiAx «<0 BOSMOX- 
HOCTH»® BHOBb OpraHH3yeMHXb HaWiohasbHHXb caMOyNPaBlaWMUXcs 
oOsacteH Cb «<OJHOS3HUBHIMH O6JacTaMH». HecoMBBHHO, Bb STOM N0- 
CUBJHOME IpH3Hakb caMad XapakTepHad YepTa UPHALEDA meppumop- 
priamwHok aBTOHOMIU, CYNIHOCTh KOTOpOH CBOAHTCa Kb aBTOHOMIB 06- 
uacteH cb o0pe,bieHAHMH TeppHTOpiasbAHMH TpaHHyaMH H 10 BOS- 
MOKHOCTH OAHOPOABHIMDS STHHYCCRAME COCTaBOMb. Ho, cb Apyro# cTo- 
POHHI, EARS BHAHO H8b U. 4-rO IpHHATOH pesorbuin, BB Hei yubxb- 
1o Ttpe6oBaHie o6esmeyeHia DyTems Oco6aro sakOHa UpaBh HalioHasb- 
HBX MCHbINMHCTBb,—TpedoBakle, ABAAWMeCca Bb CYMIMOCTH HSIXHII- 
HUME UPH CTpOroMb H DOcaAbsJOBAaTeALHOME UpoBesewin oxcmeppumo- 
pianenot, nepcoxareno% aBTOHOMiH, KOTOpad 00 caMOMY CymlecTBY 
CBOCMY H@ 3HaeTb HH «<OOAbIIAHCTBa», HH «<MOHbIIBHCTBa> Bb Halli- 
OHAIbHHX OTHOMeHiAxb. IipanaTad pesoAWNid HOCHTb, TakHMS 06- 
pazoMb, KOMUpOMHCCHHE XapAakTepb, XOTA BCe Ke npHOsumaerea 6o- 
abe Eb TpedoBaHibn meppumopipaenot% aBTOHOMIH. Tako ROMIpOMHC- 
CHHA XapakTepb pes0iWlisg HaXxOAUTS ceOb ecrecrBesHoe O6bacHeHRie 
Bb OOcTaHOBES padoTH laprefiTara, Bb OUpexbICHHHXb HOLATHYO- 
CKHXB cooOpameHiaxhb, KOTOPHA AOTKO MOH UPA S8TOM PYKOBOAHTS 
qleHaMy cBbsfa. Kagkb BHAHO H8b UpPOTOKOsa Maptelitara pesompmlis 
Oia UPHHATA eOwnoenacHo, HeECMOTPA H& Upacytcrsie Ha cBb3axs 
IpescTaBuTeieH JBYX UPOTHBOMOAOHAHXD Bosspbeii. Kro sHazomMd 
Cb YCHOBIHMH DOaMTHYeCKOH GOpbOH, TOTS SH@aeTh, YTO BA4aCTYW Ta- 


*) Tamb xe, crp. 78—80. 











‘HANIOHAADHHE BOUPOCE. 63 


Kid KOMNPOMHCCHHA pbWenia, AOCTHTHYTHSA HA NOUR B8aHMHHXb 
YCTYNOKS, 10 ycXOBiaMS MOMEHTA OKasHBaWTcA OO6xalaWMlAMA usBb- 
CTHHIMH UPCHMYM[eCTBAaMH Upelb onacwocrhw pas6poya. VW, MmomerTs 
OHITD, HMCHHO TakOH MOMCHTS Bb OTHOMOHIH HaMi0OHaZbHaro BOMpoca 
TepexuBasH BB ‘1899 roxy xbarexn Bpwsuckaro napretirara. 

TakoBb HTOrb BBKOBOTO pasBuATia eBponeficko# coniazacTHyeckokt 
MHICIH BB OO2aCTH OJHOTO H3b CAMHXB OCTPHXE, TDPYAHHXS, 
HEHSCESAOBAHHHIXS BONpocoBs. ocr’ Bcero w310MeHHATO ACHO, ITO 
STOTh JAHHHHH YT UpPHBeAd yHC Kb HBROTOPHIME NOAORATCAL- 
HHIME pesyabTaTaMb. YculiaMaH comiaxHcTHueckOH MICAH H cOnialH- 
CTHYecKaro jBaAxeHiA yOpaHt cb Aopora cBoOo,Haro uscxbgoBanis 
STOrO sallyTaHHaro BOlpoca ban FXhCb UperpascyAEOBh, Mpesy- 
Obarenuif, Hesopasywbuifi. Hanionamywi sBompocs nocmassens, 
IOCTABACHE OTEPHITO, IIPAMO, BO Bech pocTsb. RowkcrakTapoBako 6e3b 
KoxeO6aniff orpomHoe sHayeHie HalioHadbHaro BOUpOca, IpaBHAbHLX. 
cnoco6osb ero paspbmenia JA EPOBHHX HYKIG UporxetapiaTa 4 
" INSPHSHAHA HeOTAORHAA HEOOXOAHMOCTS BHIpadoTKH HalioHarbHOw Upo- 
IrpaMMH, KaEB OAHOH u3b ODOPh AHTePHANMIOHAAbHAaTO comjaiMcTu4ye- 
CKaro BameHig. Jasbile HAYTh yRe COPHHe MYAETH, HavHHawTca 
pasHoraacia. IleHTpomb cHOpoBb, KOpHOME pasHoraacifi c1yRuTS 
OTCYTCTBIO CAHHOAYMIA Bh NOHHMAHIH OCHOBHOTO MOMCHTa Ha- 
MOHaIbHOH mpoOseMH—BOonpoca 0 CaMOMS IpHHOAN WpaxTHyeckaro 
OCyMmecTBAcHia HallioHarbHoH asToHoMin. HM MW BHbAH, ITO H Ha 
BpheeCKOME apTeiitars, ckasaBimiems mocabanee coliaaucTa4yeckoe 
CZOBO 00 HallOHaIbHOMY BOUpOCy, AB& CHOPAMAXL APYTh CB Apy- 
TOMB NPHHTAla—meppumopiaronets, oinacmnot H axncmeppumopiase- 
Heit, NepCoHaAsNoii—CTOIEHYAHCh Bb PBIHTCAbHOMS 60, OKOHYHB- 
MOMCH, OXHAKO, HH BB YbW, 6esb pbUHTeABHOH NOObAN OAHOFO A N0- 
pamenia Apyroro, cb yBbHYaHiem, BCeH pacUpH COAOMIHHMS KOMIIpO- 
MuccoMb. HO KOMIPOMHCCH He JaNTE pboeHia Bompoca, a BOUpOCS 
phmenia xyers. 

Hamt HeOOXOAMMO, OSTOMY, NOJOHTH BLACTHYW Kb STOMY BONPOCY 
H S8HAThCA CFO pascMOTpbHiemt BO BCe ero TeopeTHYecKOH MOAHOTS 
H WpaxtHyeckol mbaocruocru. M anms nocrb eroro MOHO OyjerS 
OpocnHTb BerigXb Ha DoAoReHie BONpoca BE Poccin # Ha BOSMOXHEEC 
cooco6H ero paspburenia cb TOUKH spbHia poccilickaxs oTHomenil. 

Bee sto OyyeTs cybaaHo BS crbaywme crathb. 


M. B. Patnep>. 


A3SIYIMHA. 


A 


I. 


..T'pYQHO CKasaTb, KAR 9TO Hayaocb... MH mpoxommaaAH 
cBoe B10, HO IpemHel BPH He OHO, H BHYTPH HAaCh yare 
BBANIO XONOROMb. Kaxyquh OWN HeAoBONeHD Cco6oHh H MYWHIS 
ApPyrHxb YTOHYeHHOU, HHKBUSHTOPCKOH ucHxONorieH H 3m0pan- 
CTBOBAIb, KOMMAa HAaXOAUNb Bh HUXS TO Re, ITO BB ceob. Ha- 
Wauch 6eskKoHeIHHe TeopeTuyecKie CHOPH, TOMBKO BCE BaTeM- 
HAWIMie, Ch BBYHO OLHHMH H ThMH Re NONOMeHIAMH, KOTOPHA 
OTB wacTaro MOBTOpeHiA MOTepANH yRe [NA HAaCh CMHCHS 
CTaW KAKHMH-TO 3akiubaHiama... A TYTb elle HeeranbHoe Ho- 
omeHie H NOCTOAHH8A BO3HA Cb KBapTHpaMy H NachopTama... 

XOTBIOCh OCTAHOBHTLCA H&A BpeMA BS CBoeH paboTb, nony- 
MATb O YeCMB-TO, PBUIBTS KakoH-TO BaXENA BONpPOCh, HO ray- 
Xad TpeBora, TBCHHBINAA Tpyib, He NOsBOIAIa BH Ha MBHYTY 
cocpenoTtownTpca. HW noKos, NOKOA XOTBAOCh TAKS mRalHo, TO 
BOSMORHOCTH apecta yske He Myrasa, H ONMHOWHOe sak IeHIe 
pHcoBaloch, KaKb MBCTO OTAHXa H yYCNOKoeHizZ... 

Ho yo xe 6HI0 MpHaMHOW sToro? MH jonro He MOTH 
HaHTH HACTOAMYH UPHIHHy WAM, MOReTb OHTb, He XOTBIM ee 
BHSTS. [lepBwi, kKaxkeTCAH, NOHATS ee Hallb TOBapHMt, Lama 
Kucenresb — BCKpeHHI, HBXHHH uw SoWbsHeHHO-BOewaTABTeIb- 
HH WHOA. 

MH co6pasach O2HaxIH Ha NeraubHoH KBapTupsb y oHOro 
CTYAeHTa, UpHhalnemaBliaro Kb HalleMy Kpyaxky. CaMoBaps 
jaBHO YR OCTHIb, &2 MH BCe CHI'BIH BOKPYrb Hero Ha 
CTYJIbAXb, HA KPOBATH, Ha DOAOKOHHURS 4 coopuun. llama He 
IPHHHMaNb yyiacTia Bb coOoph HO YeMb-TO AyMarb. ITloroms 
OHb 8afOBOPHIb CBOHMb THXHMS, pPoOKHMB Yonocomb. Ons 
OHNb 8aNKa H Telepb OTS BOJHEHIA TOBOPHIb TaKb OA0KO H 
HCACHO, UTO MYIBTENHHO OHIO ero CyMAarTs. 

OHB safOBOPHIb 0 HEOYMBHIAX, KOTOPHA BHSHBAl& BS 
HeME UporpaMMa Hallero KpyaKa—Bce Bel UpPOAyManHhia Hw 








H81Y GHHA. 65 


BHCTpanaHHHA—U PYXoH PpoNOTh ToBapHnieH , MOAGePKMBAIS 
KaeLyO ero ppasy. Hakonellb OHD OCMBIMICH KOCHYTBCA Ha- 
Mero CBATOrO CBATHXb—OCHOBHOTO WooxeHiA, Ha KOTOPOMS 
HOKOWI0Ch BCe Halle ydeuie. 

— Kak xorute,rocioyza,—Cka3sarb OHb,—HO 9TO JIA MeHS... 
STO I-7aseKo... He MOK-Kasauo... Al He MOry II-NOHATB 9TOPo... 

Bb OTBBTb CO BCBXB CTOPOHD paslaiHch NpoTecTH—Hx cpeqA 
HHXb BAPY'b ACHO UW OTIETAUBO MposByyano sTO HenoupaBH- 
MO@, KeCTOKOE COBO: 

— Ene 6 eaue nouats! Yenopbry, y koToparo ecTb TH- 
CAWa& JeCATHHD 3eMJIu! 

OTH CNOBa ckazata Panyu [onbqManb—KeHUIAHS, Bb CyIl- 
HOCTH, He 3Jlad, HO CTPaCTHad BL NONeMHKB—H OHH 60.'ba- 
HeHHO pbBsHy1H Hach BCBXS CBoew ABHOM HECIpaBeAIUBOCTLN. 
HaM® CTauO Kakb-TO HeEJOBKO, CNOphb UpekpaTAJICA cam co6on, 
H MH CKOpO paso0nIuch NO JOMaM®. 

TioMHY, Kakb 4pesb ABCKONEKO Quel nocnmb atroro Tama 
CHUBIb y MeHs BB“HOMeps. Curbrb OD Ha KpoBaTH, obrus, 
Bb DaJIbTO, rautowmaxb WH BHCOKOH MBXOBOH mankKb, woxoxelt 
Ha KamMusaBKy. MHS CTOMTS TOIBKO 38KPHTb rilasa—H A BAKY 
ero O61baHoe, IPHUeBaToe THO, phakKie 6eauBbTHHe KYCTHKH BO- 
OC’ Ha ero NOA60ponKs H cBBTIO-rouy6He raza, KOTOpHe CMOT- 
PATH Ha MCHA IOBEPXd OYKOBL TAK HeEAOyMBBawMe A UCHy- 
TraHHo... 

Oub B3THXaTb, MAI CBOH HaMOPIeHHHM 068, WMA 
TOHKHMA, OJ'BXIHHMM DaJblaMA CBO RUAKYH Ooponky A NBIb 
CTaKaHb 38 CTaKaHOMb YePHHH, Kakb cMONa, ya. Ero uytkag, 
G6oJIbHadA Tyla cTpalada, WH, Kasasloch, OH'b CaM’b MyraJica Toro, 
"TO Haxolub Bb Helt. H Ob TONEKO NOBTOPAIS: 

— CrpaniHo, 6pars... CTpallHo... CKastH, Kak'b 2KHTb Bb OTOMD . 
cyMOypb? — Hub 20 CUXb NOP NOTOMY, ITO BBP... MO- 
JHJICA H& CBOH OBBYb, AYM&Ib, YTO BTO AH eCTb HAaCcTOAITee 
cosmHie... A Tellepb CHOB& Bb HOU, H He 3HaN, ry’ OHO Ba0lI- 
yerTb. 9To cone... HacToamyee. 

Mas 60 mab ero, HO A He 8H&Tb, ITO CKasatTb, WH MOA 
XONHIb U38b Yrla BL YrOAb CO CTAKAaHOMD Bb PyKB. 

Ilana ymenb,—a yepe3sb 0Ba THA A Y8HAaNb, ITO OHD 3a- 
pBsasca y ce6a wa KBapTups. dapbaasicd KpOMewHMb wepo- 
4HHHHMD HOKeMD. HW CHIbHO, AOKHO ONT, CMEPTb MAHA 
ero KB ce6b, MOTOMY 4TO OHD H3ph3arb UH AMCKPOMCaIb BCH 
mleb, upexye ThMb NOlaNb Ha COHHYW apTepiD... 

Ero cMepTb OTKpHUa MHB riasa. A OOHAIb, ITO MH Ha- 
CHJIbHO UPHHyAXyaNtH ce6H B8aHHMaTbCA IBIOMb, Bb KoTOpoe 
Goble we BBpHIM. JlaBHo MH yxxXe YBCTBOBAIM, ITO Halllb 
CHMBOIb BBPH Hao OOHOBHTE MH Mepey(bulaTb, HO He MOTH 
STOrO CibiaTh CO6CTBEHHHMM CHIaMH: DA STOO HYRewh OMAd 

espa. Ornba» |. 5 


66 A BEPHEPS. 


HOBHH Kpyrosopt, cBBxie 004, BBAHbe HOBHXD uyew. Bp 
KH3HH DapTii, Kakb WH Bb AHYHOM RUSH, OMHBAWTh TepesOMH, 
KOrga HeoOOxoAHMO OCTAHOBHTECA, 3AMIAHYTb BHYTPb Ce6A, ne- 
peayMaTb MU DepeombauTb BCe Ha-HOBO, & TaBHOe, BHATH Hb 
O6H4HarO Kpyra WakTOBb, W8b KOTOPHXS BHAATH yxRe BCS 
BHIBOIH... 

H kakb TOKO NOHATS A BCe BTO—A OCBOOOMHIS CeO OTS 
IPHHATHXD pau'be obHsaTebcTBb. TopapHolaMb A HHYerO He 
CKasalb—Kb YeMY, CCIM CaMH OHM elle 3TOrO He COsHaBann ?— 
co6paib CBOM JIMGHHA JeHbru—py6neH 60 ula 70—yecTams 
sarpaHHIBHA Wacnoprs u ybxaab u3b MocKBH. 


IL. 


Bybxarb A BeyepoMb. Baronb OnIb WI0XO OcBbIeHS, 
TIPOXOAH 3aBaJleHH Y3aMH HW MBUUKAMY, NOMS onteBaH'b, Bo- 
HAIO YhMb-TO UpBIHM, H Bb BOsLyXh BUCbIa pyranb, CHOph 
IIbAHHXS FONOCOBh, XPHMNaA urpa TapMOHHKH H HeyMOIWHHE 
niaib rpyiHoro pe6enka. Ilotomb BCe MOHeEMHOrTy CTHXIO, 
cBbia Aorop' bia, BCB 8acHyJH, A OCTAICA ONHHB HW MOMb Ty- 
MaTb H AYMA&Tb 0’ aKKOMMAaHHMeHTh MBPHHX'b YAApOBb Ko- 
eC. 

Ha apyroH eHb MeHA pas6yqHTh WyMb AoKIA, OnBOaro 
lo cTeky. Bata n03qHaa ocenb. Ilo 0646 cTOopoHy nyTH TAHY- 
WHCb 6e3KOHCUHHA N0H#— wepHHA H YHHIHA. Mesbkana bea 
Cb TONHMH O8HONIMMH AepeBbAMH. Baas, Kakb KYW pHOOBs, 
BUA BIACh WepeBHu—CBPHA, Cb UPOMOYCHEHMH HACKBO3b CO- 
JOMCHHHMH KpHimaMH. Hasko no He6y NONBIM MOXHaTHA TYG, 
TOXOKIA Ha TpAsHY!O OBYHHY, WH JMIH Ha 8eMIN KOCHeE A 4a- 
cTHe DoToKka 7oxI8. HW A AyMarb W DepexyMWBaTb CBO IpH- 
BHUBHA, CTaPHA MBICIU. 

Yach Opoxo0qHIH 38 YacaMH, HACTala HOYb, NOTOMb CHOB& 
eHb—a& NOJA BCe THHYMHCh WH YXOQUIH Baath, Bce Takis me 
YHHJIBA H H8CBYcHHHS To#wxpeMb. BpeMa orb BpeMeHH NOBLE 
Ch YpOXOTOMb MpOHOCHICA 10 MOCTY—H CKBO3b *Keb3HHA 
depMH Ha CeKYHAY BuAHA OHA BONA —MYTHAaA H XON0RHAaRM, 
Cb UPHTaioujuMH 10 He KalJIAMH JO#X1A,—H pa3sMHTHe IJH- 
HucTHe Oepera. MedbKarw OYKVW, BOnOKaYKM, cTaHoig. Ha 
WAATHOPMaXxd elle H3taid BUT BIMCh YEPHHA TONIN JWoeH. 
OTO OHH eBpew Bb AWHHHHX', PBAHHXD MaNbTO MH CMBIIHHXS 
KapTy3ax’b, HaxXN06yWeHHHXb Ha CaMHA yIM. OHH CTOsTH 
Ob B8OHTHKAMH, Apyrie IPAMO Dob DoxLeMd, WH BOTA TH1ack 
MMb 38 BOPOTh MW CTpyHacb 00 ONeqaMb. OHH CTOAIH TAaKb, 
COHBIIUCh Bb KYYY Kak'b YepHHe OBUN — us3sKOmlie, xaukie, 
ypoxamile— Ch 8aBHCThW CMOTPhIH OOJbHHMH, pyCTHHME 











PULA £.0 67 


ruasaMA Ha 06305, KOTOPHH yObranb ky2a-To, Py'b UpocTopHo 
H He AYOIMTS HAadaJbCTBO. 

3a BapmaBoH 20x 1b Nepectarb, HO MOA TAHYNHCh BCE 
Takid me MN0CKiA HW YHHJINA, UH AWA One Takie xe 3a6uTHe, 
o6opBaHHHe H HeCcdacrTHHe. 

CouHuUe DOKasatoch TONbKO y TpaHHUn. 4 nmepecbrb Ha 
HBMeLKIH Nobslb, DMONYIWNb W3b PYKb xAabTapMa — Docrhr- 
HATO pycckaro xXanyapMa!l — DacnopTh,— Hw MH Obxanw BB 
TopHp. WH kakb TOMbKO nepebxXalH MH pOBb, y KoTOparo 
CTOANS pycckii YacoBol Bb CBpOH MIMHeNH,—Ccpasy BCe H3MB- 
HHI0Cb BOKpyrb. BubcTo necwHHX'’h H PARHABHX MomeH, yxo- 
JIMHXb WO TOpH30HTa,—NOABHJIUCh TCMHO-3eJeHWe COCHOBHE 
abca, BHXOJe€HHHe, Cb TeOMeTPHYeCKH UpaBHbHHMH Mpocb- 
KaMU; IpekpacHoO BCOaXaHHHA, APKO-3CCHHA O8HMH A IPAMHA, 
Kakb llaJika, JOporu, o6cameHahHa fepepbamu. Ha mepexrpect- 
Kax'b, 38 O1saré6ayMaMy xan Wpoxona nobsyza Terbru u dyp- 
roHH, Kpbuokie H OCHOBaTeILHHe, 3allpAxKeHHHe CHTHMH IJIAH- 
T@BaTHMM KOHAMH. H wm OMIM TORe CHTNe, COHOKOMHHe, H 
Ha JHUaxb HX Kakb 6yoTO OHNO HanucaHo: ,MHB xopomio, 
HOTOMY TO A TBEPAO 3HaN, ITO AOSBONeEHO HM TO. He O3BO- 
weHo%. 

Bs Tops a nepechub Ha Apyro nob3yb, Bb BaroHs 4-ro 
Kuacca. 37bCb He OHIO CKaMeek’b, BCH CHIBIM Ha CBOEMD 6a- 
raxb, H Takb kakb Belle y MeHA He OHNO, TO A BCe BpeMA 
CTOATIb y ManeHbKaro OKHAa Cb pBUeTKOW H CMOTPBIE Ha 
qwopory. 

HosBya BieywaTrbHid UpHBiekasIH BCe MOe BHUMaHie—H Ty- 
IMeBHHM THeTh cTalb ocuabbBaTb. IIpomienmee ym0 yaneko 
Hasalb—H MOM AyYXxb, CMATHH H DOJaBNeHHH, Haialb oHe- 
MHOLy BHUPAMJIATHCH. 

IipHpotH mowrd He OHJo saMbTHO—Takb ona sbcb pacin- 
mjeHa H pacomanupoBana. Beway Ha 4yryHHHXd AOCKaxd 430- 
OpameHh wepHHe OPIN HM Hauuch: ,verboten!* Cranuiu H ro- 
powa 48b TeMHO-KpacHaro u Obaro KHpnHYAa NOXOAATS Ha Ka- 
sapMH. Ha yuuuaxb 4.00 DaTpOpMaMh XxOLATb WH Bb Ma- 
JICHDKEXS POPMeHHHXD Pypaxkaxb, BCH Hoxoxie Apyrb Ha 
apyra, cb Topo BHOAYeEHHOK YpyAbl, yOUTaHHHe, CBbxe- 
BHOpuTHe, BCB Ch YCaMH, 3aKPyYICHHHMU BBepxtb a la Kaiser 
H Cb TYOHMH, CaMOJOBOIbEHMU JuuaMu. Bh 6ydetraxb HBrD 
HHGero KpOMb COCHCOKD, 14Ba HM TopbKaro kode. HoHAYKTOpd 
KPHYLTS Ha HACh—WETBEPTOKNACCHUKOBb—IpyOHM, PebAe- 
GeCAbCKUMDB FONOCOMS, TONKaeTh HAaCh H BallupaeTbh Ha KIJIOUb 
BB BaroHs, Kakb TeATs... HW Bce me oTa CaMOMOBONbHaA, Ka- 
ZapMeHHAaNd KyJbTypa Kasalach MHB IpuBekaTeIbHOH nocrb 
TIpowsBola MW OesipaBid pycCKOH m#KusHH. 

Uepesb Ba HA, NOCTB MHORKeCcTBA MepecayoNs, A HOb- 

5* 





68 A BKEFEHEP S54, 


Bxanb Kb Genbrifickoi rpaunyb. Ipuxonunoch wxaTb OKONO 
qacy Ha WorpaswyHoM ctTaniin Tep6ecranb ntapaatckaro n0- 
‘Bena. 1 BolleNb Bb pecTOpaHd, CMHIb Ch ce6A NOPORAYH 
ITpA3b, 3aKasayrb AWIAHOY Cb BeTYMHOM HW CBI 3aBTpakatTs 
Bb cally, Bb 6echaxb. 

BuO YyMHoe YTpo H, HECMOTPA Ha MO3qHWN OCeHb, OFeHb 
Teno. Tpaspa apko 3eleHbia, He6O CMOTpBIO Ha MeHA WackKoBo, 
H BD BOSAyYXb BAO MAKHMD Zwxaniemb L'onpdutrpema. H 
Bb NepBHH pa3sb 3&8 MHOrO MBCAUEBL A NOUYBCTBOBANb cebs 
CBOOoqHO HW werko. BowpocTh HW paxOCTb XH3HH WIHPOKHME 
BOIHaMH BIMBaIHCh Bb MOW [pyib—H A BCHOMHHI'b, ITO MHB 
TOJBKO 25 WXBTb, ITO A BLOPOB, CHIeH H peo MHOW Je- 
MATH ee WhIaA wkusHb. 

Hukoraa # we sa6yfzy cBéTiaro, BeceHHAO 4yBCTBAa, KOTOpoe 
A MCHHTAaIb, Upobaxkad wpe3sb MaNeHwbKyW, waAniAyw besnpriv. 
Al kakb OyATO BH3QOpoBhIb oTb TAXKOH 607b3HH — Takb 
CBBRU HM APKM OWIH MOH BUeyaTbHia. 

Mu ‘$xana no tTeyenio pbra Maach. Cnokoitvaa, Kakb 
OyATO YCHYBOIaA Boa OTpamaerTh He6O Cb O6NakaMH H 3ere- 
He mtocKie Oepera. Ilo Boxh MefNeHHO CKONB3HTb OapRa; 
cTapad OBiad NOMalb, ONYCTHB ToOBy Kb TpaBh, TAHETH ce 
OuqeBOK, sanboresHow 3a BepxyMIKy MauTH. MaybuHKd Bb CH- 
Hel 61y3b H AepeBAHHHX® ,ca6o“, Cb KHYTOMD NOIMHIIKOH, 
HeTh 8& JOMaqbO WH Ha XOXY CTporaeTh Wasoiky... 

Bots rop6atHii MOCTb, BeCh NORPHTHU IHMaaMu; Bb BOB 
0 HHMb MOCTCA UH MOPUIMAMTCA [pyro Tako me MOCTD, 
Ch apkoW A IbMeXO0OMb, KOTOPHH wAeTh BHUSS TONOBOW. A 
Hab MOCTOMB BHCHTCA TOpol'd, Kakié BHAMMIb TONBKO Ha CTAa- 
PUHHHXD rpaBlopaxb: BHCOKIe AOMa, OCTPHA AaCOHAHH# KDpH- 
IH HW Y3kifi H8BHIIHCTHA YIHIKH. 

3& TOPONOMb TAHYTCH B8aBOH Cb OrpoOMHHMH TpyOaMH, 
Hab KOTOPHMH CTOATE O63aka KeNTOBaTarO AHMY; IeBaTOpH 
Cb HaBaJeHHHMH ORONO HX TropaMi *KerbsHoH py HH ka- 
MeHHaro YA; MaxTH cb BHCOKOH MowbeMHOH OallneH 4 
OrpOMHHM® KoOJJecoMb, KOTOPOe MefJIeHHO BpallaeTca, CBepkas 
Ha COJHUB CBOMMH CIIHWaMH. 

A BevyepoMh MH UpohexaeMb MHMO CTAJCJHTeHHAarO 3aBOra. 
Haas tpy6ow 0 Bbrpy pasBbBaetca cuHee Iiama; Opu cBbrb 
JHJOBHXb IIEKTPHIECRAXE Ponape BUA BHYTPeCHHOCTS Ma- 
cTepcKux, TB ABHrAaWTcA YepHHA Purypw padowxs. Bs 
ONHOM Kopitych usb WeiH BHIIMBAeTCA APKO-ObNHH MOTOKS 
CTA H nawaeTh KyMa-TO, pas6pachBad WhIWK dekepBepkS 
OrHeHHHXb uwCKpb. Bb ApyroMb — Ha IWBOAXS MobeMHaro 
KpaHa BOJOKYTE OrpoMBhii WHIHELpb Cb PackasleHHHMb APKO- 
KpaCHHMb KOHIOMb—H BOKPyrb Hero, KAKb MYPABbH, KOMO- 
maTca MaweHbKie yepHHe padorie... 





HSSYUNHA. | 69 


Al cTOHTB Y ORH8, BUWXAIh NONHOH TpytbwW BOsTyXt, H 
Oompoe YYBCTBO HanoJIHANO MeHA. A LyMab O TOMb, ITO He 
SHab KUSH H AO CHXb Oph Boodpamarb, ITO PopMyJH 
Bpous ,KaluTaiucTayeckad PopMa MpousBoncTBa* WIM ,6opb6a 
KiaCCOBb“ HCYEPNNBaWTS Bce ex comepxasnie. SI CBHCOKa CMOT- 
PBIb HA STY AHBHb, AYMATb, ITO NOHMMAN e@ HACKBOSb H 
SHAN CpeCTBO IPOTHBh BCBXb es HeNoctTaTKOBb. A Tellepb 
OH& Ona peo MHOW BO BceH ef CHUuKHOCTH uw OOaanHin. H 
A XOTBAb 3a6HTb BCB UpewB3sATHA UNew, BCB 4yxia Teopin, 
OPUCHTbCA Bb CaMyW yy eA, SGOPOTECA H RUT, UPOCTO KAT 
Kakb pyrie... 


call 


IT. 


Ilo upibsxb Bb Dapnxh, a He Nomerb Bb PYCCRYW Ko- 
NOHiW, XOTH Y MCHA OHIO HBCKOIBKO alpecoBb—s 8HaJ’b, ITO 
Bh HeH HaHaAy TO xe CaMoe, OTH Yero A yBxary. A Hayarb 
XOMHTb 10 dabpHkaMh WH MACTepCKHMS HW BCHAY Wpocwys pa- 
6oTH. Bo MHOrux® MBCTaXb y MeHA OpamH MOH anpecd H 06b- 
IMaiH HalWcaTb, KOrga HYRAW SynyTb padoyie. Tleppoe Bpema 
9TO MCHA OYeHb O6ORpAIO, HO CKOpOo A y6ByuICAK, ITO 9TO 
TOJIBKO BAKIEBAaA POpMA OTKasza. 

TS WBCKONLKO PpanROBb, KOTOPHe A -CB co6oH pHBess, 
CKOpo BHM. Torma A 8aI0RATb NaIbTO 8&8 UATh paHKOBh 
MH OTH JeHBru Tome ckopo pours. IloMHW, Kak Bb O2HO 
XONOMHOe OCeHHeEe YTPO A BHIUCTb 3b TOCTHHHON (rb o4a- 
THI'b 8&8 KOMBHATY 15 CY Bb CYTKH, Blepey’b) Cb ABYMA CY Bb 
KapMast. J] oyenb o3f6b—H Ballerb BE ,Oapb“, rb BHOIS 
H& WOCHBAHIA JeHErM CTAaKaHb TopAyare MONOKa Ch POMOMS. 
IloroMS BHIIeCIS Ha YAULY, CTATS Ha TpoTyaps w 3allyMalca— 
Kyma upTu? A cTrombkKoO yb HCXONANS MACTEPCKHXD, ITO He 
BBPHITb Bb BOBMOKHOCTS Halitu padoTy. Mab Bce paBHO OHO 
Kya HITH—H A omer 6pozuTh NO yIHNaMb 6esb WhAU. 

IIlapuxb Nexanb Upeqo MHOW, Kakb OrpoMHad RaNeHHan 
ItyCTHHA, Bb KOTOpOH Takb Xe TPyAHO OHO MpoOROPMHTECA, 
KaKb BB KaMenucrod Apapin uuu Caxapb. Mamo MeHa MIM 
WHOWH NOBOIbHHe, BeCcerHe H CHTHe... H, ye CMOTpA Ha BCe 
Ch TOUKH spbHia TronogqHaro, A CTapasica BOOOpasuTh ceOb Th 
CIOCOGH, IPH MOMONIM KOTOpHXD BCB OHH KOPMBIHCh Bb oTOH 
Hy CTHES. 

Al Tepexoqunb mab KeapTawa Bb KBapTaTh H BULBS TO 
Becejiamificn, To Tpynamifica, To chekyrmpyounh Lapua. 
Tarb 5 lonarb wa Champs-Elisses—mupokif mpociekTs, oKal- 
MICHHHH TBOHHOH alee KalITAHOBHXd JepeBbeBb H TePAD- 
UUHCA Ha ropusoEeTh BL TYMAaHHHXb OvepTaniaxh Ibea. 

Ilo MocToBoH ABYMA HeNpePpHBHHMH MOTOKaMH KaTHJIHCh 


70 A. BEPHEP tt. 


SKHMNAKH: ONECTADLIA, WARUPOBAHHHA KapeTH, Cb OPATHME Ry- 
yepaMi Ha KOalaxXb; OTKPHTHA KONACKA — H Bb HAXb, Kakb 
rurauTcKie Tpoldwyeckie UBBTH—XeCHOMHH Bb APKUXD Tyase- 
TaXb, OKPYReCHHHA OONAKOMB KpPBUKHXL MOLHHXS YyXOBB; 
SICKTPHYeECKIe ABTOMOOHAM, OessBYGHO CKONb3AMie, TOUHO Yep- 
HHA IPHBA'BHBA, 10 MOCTOBOH, H GeH3HHOBWe—cTyYanlie MO- 
TOpaMH HM PpABKalomie poxKaMu, Cb ModdepamMy Bb MOXHa- — 
THXS WiKypaxh H YPHHXB MACckax'b. 

Bp aneaxh arpala Wbru, TOYHO ComlenmiaA CoO CTpaHHITh 
KYPHAIa MOLb—BDb OAPXaTHHXb KYPTKaxb, Cb WJIHHHHMH 3a- 
BUTHMH BOJOCaMH H TOUHMH UukpamMHa. Ilo achaibty, MexRTy 
WepeBbeBb BakHO DAHIM HapATHWA JaMH WM MeAeHHO Ipory- 
JHBANHCh, HOUKHO OHTh WIA BOs6yxTeHIA allleTHTa, MYRIMHH 
Bb peQHHroTaxt, HW CBepKawmemMb ObIM3HOW ObubB... WH rytTs 
Ke WpPOXoqHIH IWAN Bb MOHOMeHHOMb TNaThb, AHPABHXS 
OaliMakaxhb U pA3sHOMb Oba, KOTOpHe, TAK we Kakb U A, 
HaXOQWIMCh ,dans la curée‘—uaTO yragqHBasoch 10 ocoédeHHOMy 
BHpPaKeHio “Xb rilasb—BHAMATCJIBHOMY H HULYOIEMy, KaRb Y 
OXOTHHKa. 

Bb ApyroMb KBapTantb a BHUBIb, Kakb abpuknH pH 
NONYCHHOMB TYTK'B BHOpachBalH usb ce6a THCAGH padodHxs 
Bb TONYONXS NONOTHAHHXD ROCTOMAXh, Ch YCTAIHMA HW pssa- 
HHMM OTB pao6oTH HuaMH. H3b BOpOTb MaCTepCKHXh BHXO- 
HUH TOIDH WBBYMeKB Bb YepHHXb DWWatTbaxh — OSH, 
XPYOKIA, 3aMOpeHHHA JeCATHYACOBHM TPYAOMB HW XpoHHdec- 
KEMb HesObUanieMs... 

Boarb Bupsxv 8 elle W8iadH OTE TopaxeHb KakHM5-TO 
BOeMb, NOXOXUMB Ha BOH CBOPH FOJOHHXb TOHIAXh, KOTO- 
PHM cap BHHeECIM Doxne6ky. danbTepecoBadHHi, A WOko- 
Melb Kb 3faHin Bapaxu, Bb cTHrb rpeyeckaro xpama. Ha 
MIMpOKHX CTYDeCHAXS WH MeRTY KONOHHAMM xpaMa TOINMAHCE 
COTHH YepHHXt urypb. Bpema orb BpemMeww w38HYTpPH BHOB- 
Tab KakoH-TO YeNOBBKD Bb UWIMHOph A OBIOMb RANeETB; OHS 
BHKPHKMBaIB ITO-TO, & TOUMa OTBBYaIAa CMY STUMb BOeMS, KO- 
TOPHH A CIHMAIb W3laiH, UW HBKOTOpHe NOAHMaIH PYKH HAH 
M&aXaJIM TPOCTAMH. 

Sl BOmMeNb BHYTPh 3qaHia. OrpoMHad 3ana Cb Dpo3spaqiHHMsb 
KYNONOMB YepH ba Haponoms. Ilocpenuyb Haxoqunach Kpyr- 
wad Tomatka, oOHeceHHad OapbepoMs; OHa BCA KaKb CH5- 
TOMb Oba s3aMeTeHa OBIHMH 3alackamMa. Boxpyrsb Oapbepa 
BOJHOB&I0Ch ObI0e MOpe OWMIMHTPOBhb, KOTeIKOBS H NOAHA- 
THX PYKb BH TlepyaTkaxh, Ch WalkaMH H Cb 3800CHHMH 
KHaKKaMH. Bch kKpHwaJIda—A KPHRH CUMBANHCh Bb OOM 
cuuomBoH ryrb. Borh BHYTpPH 6apbepa KakoH-TO YeNOBBKS BE 
YePpHOMD CHPTYK'S CTab Ha TAOypeTb WH BHKPHKHYA Kak0e-To 
CJIUBO, TOUHO 6pOCHNIb Bb sTY TOMMY HOBHH OsyHTb. Bob 3a_ 


H3AY 4A. 71 


BOHOBaJIMCh, H CJIOBO Hayao TepeKaTHBaTbca 10 3arb 3b 
ycTh Bb YyCTa, MOK& He OMNO DO CaMHXb OTLaJleHHWXh 
yrui0Bb. HakoHelb, KTO-TO OTKPHJI'b BXOLHYW ABepb HU MOBTO- 
PHB 3TO COBO HAapyXY—H TaMb, MOAB KONOHHAMH A Ha WA- 
POKHXB CTYMeCHAXS, OHO OHJIO BCTPBIeHO SHTY3iasMOMb H NOD- 
HATICMB PYKB... 

MuMo NeHA DpoObeaNb wsANTHO OBTHH MONONOM YeNo- 
BBKB; ero KpacuBoe JHOO rop bio NATHaMH UW romy6He raza 
CMOTPBIH He BHAA, Kak OYATO YTO-TO OCIBNNTeEIbHOe CTOAIO 
Hepejib HAMM H MAaHHJO ero KB ceOb... MW ero ry6H BB 9kcTasb 
NOBTOPAIH ITOTH WO8YHI'b, ITO MarHyeckKoe CIOBO— ,,quatre-vingt 
douze!“—, 7eBAHOCTO mBa!..“ 

Hakonelb, 1005 Beyeph A Nolarb wa bombmie ByapBapH 
H--HeCMOTPA Ha TO, ITO TOONS Tep3atb MOM BHYTPpeHHOCcTH— 
mp6obasca Lapnxemb Bb ero allodeoss. 

BHI, TOTh 9PPeKTHHH Yach NapwxRcKaro AAA, Korma BCS 
CHAATD Ha yIuUb, H apKie UBbTa HrpawTb u NepesHBawTcA 
Bb CTakaHaxb H rpapuHaxh Ha CTOJIUNKaXb Kade: onaloBnit 
adceHTb, opaHKeBH TpeHayunt, Maslepoe MHBO Bb rpane- 
HHXb KpysKKaxb H UYHWOBaA KacHCh, MOxXo#xaA Ha paciiia- 
BICHHHH pPyOHHt... 

Bb dTOTb Yacb po3s0BhH CBBTb YMHpaWiaro EA MATKO 
CIMB&aeTCA Cb HCKYCCTBEHHHMB OCBBUTeHiemMb yuu. Tlonb 
6IBLHWMDb HeEOOMb [poXaTb IMIOBHE IYI BOULTOBHXD YT, 
H H3b OKOHS DalavTh Ha TpOTyapH CHOMH 3eJleHaro ay3poB- 
ckaro cBbra. HeyaBHo UpHBeseHHHHM sb AMepuKH, deepuie- 
ckift cBbrs JOurs-Kynepa rouy6HMH BOJIHaMH CTPyYHTCA Usb 
JIHHHHXb, TOHKEXD TPYOOK'S, KOTOPHA, Kak ruranTcKie cBbt- 
JAK UPHAM Kb NOTOIKaMb 6OraTHXb MarasHHoBb. A BH- 
COKO BB HeOB, Hal'b KpHWaMH CBPHXb DIeCTHITARHHXD 10- 
MOBD, BCUHXMBaNTb H Ccehyach xe TacHyTb APKia OyKBH CBB- 
TAIMMXCA peKlaM'’b, KOTOPHA KaxkyIO HOUb BKOMAIMBAalTh Bb 
ycTasbe HeBpacTeHwyeckie MOsru HasBaHiA HOBaro MHA AIL 
ropuHun. 

Ilo TpoTyapamMb ABHxKeTCA TycTad TOMMa—HapsAgHas, Bece- 
aa H MYMHaA—H epex’b sepKaNbHHMH CTeKIaMH Mara3svHOBb 
CTOATE TPyNUH WwpeH, Kakb OyATO 3arniHOTH3sHpoBaHHH Xd 
ONECTAINHMH 30JI0OTHMH HM OPUIbAHTOBHMU BelllaMu, BHICTABJIeH- 
HHMH BB OKHAaX. 

HBB sto Tounb mpo6upawTcs Takie xe, KaKb A, rONOMHHE 
JH Bb H3MATOMb DHPABOMB uatThb. Teilepb A BUY UXB 
BCDO]Y: Kakb OYATO UpPABIeeHHHe BCBMb 9THMb CBBTOME i 
JIBHmeHiemMb, OHH coOpamuch CHa co BCBXb KOHWOBB ropora. 
OAHH XpHUJHMH, yxe Oe33BYFHHMU Lou0caMH KpuyaT?: ,,De- 
mandez la Patrie“, Apyrie Has0UNHBO HpefwarawTb CHAUIMMDd 
OTKPHTKM, WBCHM, HENPMCTOMHHA oTorpadiu. TpeTba — caMaa 





72 A BEPHEP b. 


MHOPOUHCIeHHAA TpyNua—NpocTro MOHypoO OpoyATh, Cb Tpy- 
OMS" TIOMHMAA HOTH, OCTAHABIHBANTCA Tepexb OKHAMH Pecro- 
PaHOBD H Kako CMOTPATS, Kak rocnosa, sapbuleHHwe Obu0- 
CHBHHHMH CaseTkaMH, BAATH aleTHTHO DHMAMica CyIb 
H paspbsaWTb pos0B0e MACO... 

Korga HacTyNH1a HOU 4, YCTaIHH H TOJOHHH, sacHytb 
H&a CKaMeHKS OyibBapa. Bapyrb KTO-TO TpaAceT MCHA 38 M1140. 
Al OTKPHID rasa H BUKY Hab coool K9NH WH OrpoMHHe ycH 
ropoyoBoro. 

— Cirrrculez! Ilpoxonutel—kKpHdHTb OHB. 

Al orxomy maroBb Ha CTO H CHOBa 3aCHabd Ha CKaMeHES, 
yxe ChIA. 

— Nom de nom! CAHIMY 4 TOTS xe rou0ch. CKONbKO pasd 
BaMb TOBOPHTh OBO H TO xe? Si j’vous pence encore—-j’'vas Vous 
mener au violon—ecJIH A MOHMAaW BaCb eile pasb—aA OTBEDY Bach 
Bb yIAacroKs! 

WM oro UpHM0ch MHB OJ yx aTb 10 yHUaMsb 3acHyBMaro 
ropoya Bb sTy SesKOHeEIHYHW, XONOMHYW HOY... 


IV. 


Ha apyro eHub A DposonuRanrb OpowuTh 00 yunaMh B 
CAbraNb MHOTO OTKPHTI. Okazaocb, BO-NepBHX, ITO BB 9TOK 
KAMCHHOM NYCTHH'S MOKHO KOC-KakS MWPOKOPMUTHCA, & BO-BTO- 
PHXB—4TO OTCYTCTBie HOUNera cTpamH'be ror0qa. Bb TakomM> 
ropons, Kakb I[lapuxb, pasa Ba Bb eHb NpeAcTaBIAWTCA 


caryyad sapadotaTb HbcKobKO cy. Ho koMHAaTH AOpors, a Mb 


HaXOMATCH HOWIeXHHe MOMAa—A He 3Harb. A MexTy ThMD 


HHYTO TAKE He OCMabIMeTh M He THMAeTh OoOMpoctH, Kak’ 6es- 





COHH&8A HOGS. Hakonerls, Moe THeTbe OTKPHTIe COCTOAIO BOTh | 


Bb YeMb: A TAaBHO Kab WH OOANCAH MOMEHTA, KOra OCTaHYCb 
6e3b rpomla eHerb, a Tellepbh Okasa0Cch, ITO 3TO He Takb 
yR'b cTpallHo. Ipeaxye 4 MyIHICcA TBMb—4TO OyeTh CO MHOD 
yepe3b Hel'BIN, HIM MBCAUS, BIH Take Ipesb NONropa,— a Te- 
Tepb, KOrAa YHaBatoch NOBCTh, A YCNOKaMBaICA WH yaxe He Dy- 
MaJIb O Oytymem>b. Crpaligo ayaTb, HO IOTOMB Kak 6n 


HH3KO HH WeKasb, YR BCe PAaBHO, H YYBCTBO, ITO WONOReHIe 


He MOKeTB CTaTh Xyxe, DaeTh WNOBBKY H3BBCTHYW 6e338- 
6OTHOCTD. 


YTpOME 4 CTOAIE Y Kakoro-TO KpynHaro Oakayeiinaro Ma- 


rasHHa, Kora H38b HerO BHA TOUCTAN aMa Cb C’BTKOM Ha- | 
NONHeEHHOH HOKynKaMH. HaxkeTca, 0Ha cTpafata OMHMIKO, 00- 


TOMY YTO KaxahHe AeCCATh MaroBwh OCTabaBIHBatach HW TAKE 


Ahmana. daMbTHBb MeHS, OHA OKBHYJAa MCHA OHCTPHMb, Mpo- — 


HHUaTeIbLHHMb BSrisOMb UW cpasy oupeybiusa Moe cormiaJb- 
Hoe nowomenie. 





ae. 


HBAY4RMA. 73 


— Pertez moi ¢a,—ckasala 0Ha, IPOTATHBAA MH'B eBTRy. 

SI JOHECE NOKYUKA 20 H8BO8IHKAa UW DONY IRIS OTS HEA Ba CY. 

BeyepoMb Toro xe AHA A UpoxOA¥NIb MHMO pecTopaHa 
MakcHMa—H3BBCTHArO Tellepb BO BCeMD CBBTB. O1arolapa nbecb 
»La dame de chez Maxime“. Ks pecropaHy nolkKaTurb Piakps. 
Al Gpocwica Kb okaaxy WH OTKPHID ABepny. OTTyya BHOIeIb 
NONHHH cBIOH TocnonuAS BO PpayHok napb w kpacHBan ReH- 
INHHa Bb HAakHAKS usb Obaro yxa. ‘HenuHHa Upouiata MpAMO 
Bb PeCTOPaHd, & MYKIHHA PACMNATHICA Cb H8BO3IHKOM?D H He- 
6peskHo O6pocunt MHB yeTHpe cy. 

Ha 9TH JeHBr A KyYORID xrb6a UW mRapeHow KapToukH HA 
yray Y YAHIHOH TOproBKA. XTb6OD Ou MarKifi H apomaTHHi, 
& KApTOMIKa anmeTHTHO xpycTbla—u MHS Kasaloch, ITO A HH- 
Korma He Bib HHIero BKycH’be. HoveBats a sadpanca Bb Ty- 
0H MepeyJorb mosagM penaknin rasetn ,Matin*, rob 6nsa 
HaBasieHa KYYa MakyaTypH,—H CKPHTHH nob S6ymaron, 61a- 
romoryIHO Mpocnanb BCcw HO4b. 

Cubaypomili teab 6HIb Ana MeHA. eme cuyacTuuBbe. I[Ipo- 
XOHA 00 OyibBapy, A 8am BTU, ITO BL MepeyAOKb CBepHYIb 
cbiakpb, Ha KpHOIb koTOparo CTOANO Ba GONbOIMXS YemMoyana. 
Takb Kakb TepeyokKb OND ROpOTKIA, TO A COO6pasHIb, ITO 
SKHNAKD WONKEHS CKOPO OCTAHOBUTLCA, H NOObRaNb 3a HUM. 
JiBictTBuTeNbHO, ObaTh MpPHINTOch HefONTO, sKANAK ocTa- 
HOBHJICA, H 10Ka CBIOKS pach agHBaslca, §, Cb TAKUM’ BUOMS, 
KaKb OyATO MeHA H&8POdHO NosBaNH, CHAND Belle Cb Piakpa u 
BHECH HXb Bb OM. ChAOKb—NPHIMIHHEK MONOA0H JenoBbeb— 
He TpoTecToBah, 1pomentb Blepexb H Havalb DOAWMAaTbcA 110 
rbcTHuusb. S wert Ha HAM 0 eTOH KpyToH aBCTHHOB cb 
HABOIMeCHHHMH CTYMeHAMH, PHCKYA' MOCKONb3HYTLCA HW YNACTb 
NOb TAKCCTLY ABYXb temonaHoBD. Tlonbemb kaszaca 6e3ko- 
HeCYHHMb, y MCHA Kb BUCKAMD Haranta Ch DIYMOMb IpPHNBaTb 
KpoBb H epelb iasaMH DOH OUBBTHHA MATHa—HO, Kb 
CYACTLN, Ha NATOM’D sTax'b MONOROH yYeNoBbKS Berbb nocta- 
BHTb Bell Ha KOBPUKD, LO8BOHHIb H Dab MH'B cepedpsaHyH 
MOHeTY BB JeCCATH Cy. 

OkPHJICHHHH palOCcThD, A XHBO COBRA BHUSb HW CeHIACh 
Ke OTMPaBHJCA Bb pecTOpanHb ANA USBOSTHROB, «Au rendez- 
~ vous de cochers», rb 8a mecTh Cy MHB Aan nopuin Bapeuaro 
Maca Cb 606aMH H Ma&JIeHBKYD OYTHIIKY BuHA. 

OTL BHHa AH TopaAyeH NMWH OO MOeMy TBAY pasiHach Ten- 
OTA, A MOYYBCTBOBAID Ce6A ONATH OOMPHMD H CBETI'be CTATb 
CMOTPBTb Bb 6ynymee. BeyvepoMb A Take NOsB0uNb ce6sb Ta- 
KYW pockollb, Kak'’b MpoOBecTH HOF NOD kpHmedk. A cryyaliHo 
yY3Haib OTB Takoro x#e ,purotin*’a, Kakb H CaMb, YTO Ha 
yuuub Omer cymectByeTS Kade JA HAMIUXS, Nob poM- 
KHMB HasBaniemb ,Chateau Rouge‘—,KpachHHit S4moKs“. 





74 A. BEPRHEP *. 


OTO O6Ha (Telepb 9TO ToctenpinMHoe yIpexRpenie yas He 
CyYMecTByeTh) WJIHHHaA, Y8Kan WH MIOXO OCBBIeCHHaA KOMHATS, 
BB KeTopow He OHIO ApyroK Me6enu KpomMb ABYXb CKAaMeeKsS 
HW BepeBKH, HAaTAHYTOM OTb CTBEH KB CTBAB. 3a WBa cy noct- 
THTCNb NONYWNb WpPH BXoU'B cTakanb Kode HW paso c'BCT Ha 
CkaMBW, OlepeTh JOKTH H& BepeBKY H Bb TaKOMb WOOmeHIE 
CMaTb WO yTpa. 

Korga fA Mpumerb, MasleHbKoe rasoBoe WiaMAa, OKPyxeL- 
Hoe palyxXHHMb BBHYIHKOMS, TYCKIO OCBSiman0 KoMHaTy. Crbay 
6H OOKPHTH HagqOvCaMy HW DMHYYIHHMH PHYCYHKaMH; Ha ODHOE. 
CTbHB KakOH-TO XYMOKHHRD-alallb wa0dpasnTh s0nen 
yOisUuN—udeTHpe yxXaCHNA KkaPpTHHH, HapHCOBAHHHA yreMh 1 
KpacHoH KpackoH: yOilicTBo, apecrb, Cy2’b H KasHb. MW kapranh 
HMe€HHO BB CHIY rpy6octTu 4 IpHMHTHBHOCTH PHCYHKA Mpous- 
BOXHIM Bb STOMb MBCTH OYeHb CHIbHOe BHeYaTbHie. 

Bb koMHaTh cnabao burypd ecaTb: H'BCKONBKO CTapHXs 
HHIIHX', AB0e |WHOWeH BL KapTy3axt, MOBHAHMOMY CyTeHeph, 
M Kakol-TO ObAHHWH cyé6bekTb, OpHTHH  BeCb H3pbsanHHl. 
OpHTBON, CO 3BBPCKUMB BHpaKeHieMb JHUa; OH Cuarb 6e3- 
HOKOHHO, OOpMOTaJIb. YTO-TO BO CHB MW BpeMA OTB BpemeHH 
RCKAKHBAN'b, WHKO O8HpasicA Ha HAaCb HW Cb YrpoRKawWMAMS Re- 
CTOMb XBAaTaJICA 3&8 KapMaH’b. HukTo He pasroBapABasb,—BCB 
NpHiIH cloza, ITOOH ClaTb HW He TepaANH s80N0TOTO BpeMeBE. 
ToubKO CTAPHKD Cb ONYXMUMS, 3aBA8aHHHMb TPATKaMH JH- 
TOM, YTO-TO PasCKasHBab THYCAaBHMb TONOCOMb CBOeMY CO- 
ChLY; cocbab ckopo 3axpanBib, HO CTapuKb ONO elle mpo- 
NOWKAaAIb BOpiaTL ce6B 100% Hoc... Bb KoMBaTB OWI Coep- 
THH BO38LyXb, BOHANIO NOTOMB HM 3aHONICHHHMD OBIbEMB, F 
RepeBka p'bsasa PyKH—HO MH'B XOponmlo cHanoch, MOTOMY ‘To 
OHIO TeMO0 HW A He OOAJICH, ITO MeHA paadyaure rposHne 
OKPHKB: »circulez“| 

Yrpoms, BHXOMA H8b ,HKpacnaro S4amMKa‘, & MOsHAaKOMEACE 
CO CBOHMD COCBXOMB No BepeBRB—Jlam6epoMb—,,le pdére Lam- 
bert“, Kakb HasHBas'b eFO XO3AHH'D Kade. GTO Ob WNOBBES 
HeompebIeHHaro BO8PacTa, Cb MOPIJMHHYCTHMH pO30BHMH le- 
KaMH, XHTPHMU, MHPabWUHMH TaaskaMH WM OONbIIHMb HOCOMB. 
KOTOPHH Uphyabalb ero npopuaw mopMy ocrparo tTpeyroab- 
Huka. OWBTb OHS OWUWIb BL CBpo-seneHyN Mapy, ucmemper- 
HYIO pasHOUBBTHHMH 3allaTaMH WH pHi B3MATHH RKOTeIOKb, 
med y Hero OHA 3akyTaHa JIMHHHMb KpacHHM’b Diappoms. 
Kro ofe2k2a, BBPOATHO, Oba KOrqa-TO OYeHb XOpoma H H3HO- 
CHIach Takb MOcTeleHsO, YTO 110 NPHBHYRB OND BCe elle Cu 
Tab ce6A PpPaHTOMb H TOPAO BHCTYNaNb Cb H38MATOH, CMOP- 
INCHHOH pos0H Bb nerTaHirb. 

Korga MH BHI Ha YJIHUY OHS CKasars: 

— Hy 4T0-xb—n0pa 3aBTpakatTb. 








BSAY WHHA. ‘ 75 


— Y MeHA TONbKO 1Ba CY,—OTBBTAID A. 

— TIobaqumMb Ha KaseHoH cyers. 

Al BHpasHIb CoMH'bHie. 

— Toi, t’es un blew, ma vieille branche— (TH HoBHYeKS). [Ioli- 
eM CO MHON. 

MH Doman BMBCTS; OHS MeNb Boepenu, ropa cosHanieMb 
cBoero HpesocxoyzcTBa Haygo MHOW. IIo yoporb ob noyyasb 
MeHA H HeEMHOrO UPHXBAaCTHBa. 

— T’as pas de savoir-vivre—y Te6a HBTL yMBHbA XHTb,—Po- 
BOPHI'b OHS. Bo BCHKOMS NONOREHIM MOAKHO XOPOMIO YCTPOMTECA... 
A, BOT, MONYIaN OTb MpaBeTeJbCTBA BaBTpakb, OTb roporza 
KBapTHpy, Ta6akb y MeHA ZapoBol... Et la belle galette que j’ra- 
masse, ¢C& va pour payer des petits-vers aux petites femmes... A TeHBb- 
ROHKH TOKE ClyiwercaA AOOHTb—9TO YR AbBOUKaMDS Ha YIo- 
menie... 

HW oOHDb XHTpO NOJMUTHYIb MHB. 

MH BHIDJIM Ha WIMpOoKyWH yanuy Mona. Kora MH IIpoxo- 
HM MHMO TeppacH Kade, JlamM6epb yBHABIB OKYPORD MO'd 
CTYJIOM'B. . 

— Tiens, voila un mégot,—cka3aIb OH U BHTALIAITb OKYPOKS 
NaKOW Cb rBo3siemM’b Ha KOHLIB. 

OHB pasBepHYIb ero, BUCHUATh Tabakb Bb CBON TPyOKy 
H Cb PasBA3HHMB BUDOMS NOMOMeNTb BaAKYPHTb KB FOcnowwHy 
Bb MIMKapHOMDd MaJETO. 

— Jia, 6parh, 1pokomKasb OH’, packypuBad Tpy6ky,— nape... 
Bb 6OJbIMOMS ropors... nadb, Taps... He mponazemb. Civilisation, 
quoi! I]pexze A XH Bb MPOBHHIIv, & TeNepb OKOHYAaTeNbHO 
nocenHJica Bb lapaxb. JIm6n0 Wapnxp! Oxnsnenie, tearpy, 
Xopomiee OOMIECTBO, KPAaCHBHA XXeCHOIUHH... OTO He Kakoli-HH- 
6ymb Noisy-le-Sec, rob waxe OoraThe JOU KYPATS TpyOky. 
Borb elle Byepa BAXY—HeTS MuMoO [Janatw JlenyTaToBs cena- 
TOP KaKoOH-TO WAM AHOCTpaHHHA AnOOMaTS... [ly6a.na HeMB 
H WHO Takoe BastHoe... BHHYIb CHrapy, 3aKYpPUb, MOTOMS 
BAPY’'b CKOPUMIE TPHMAaCcy HM KaKb WIBHPHETS ee, CHrapy, OTb 
ce6—f— HW 3akypub ApyryN. A A DOMHAS ee... bay curapy! 

MH BHO Ha 6ynbBapd Topb-Posnp. 

— Tocro#, — ckasarp Jlam6ept, — nano Mmpexyze aoctTaTb 
nocyzy. 

OHb nos0MeNIb Kb KYIKB MyCOpy, NOPHICA Bb Hel H BH- 
TANLHITH UBB sKeCTAHKM H8b-00N'b KOHCeEPBb. OAS BHMHVIb AXDd 
y dontTanunka Bannaca A ozanxb MH'B onHy. [loromb Muy NO- 
JOM Kb Ka3a2PMaMb, KOTOPHe 3aHHMaJH OrpoMHHh cBbpHit 
KBagpaTb Ha yrily 6ymbBapa. Y BOpOTh y2xe CTOANO HBCKONBKO 
yeNOBBKD, KTO Ch TapeJKOH, KTO Cb YaIKOH, KTO Cb KOpO6KOH 
H3b-l100') CAaPAHHORE: MPBNHIHO OABTHH CTapuKb, CTapyXxu, 
o6TpenaHHbi YeNOBbKS Heolpexbienvaro BOspacta HW MOMOTaA 


76 A BEPHEP #4. 


KCHILMHA, IpesBHIaHHO OTbGHad, KOTOpPAR sCe BPeMA KAULIAMA, 
XBaTaAch pyKoH 38a rpydb. 

Jlam6eph Becero DosqopoBaca co BCBMH 88 PYKH. 

— Bonjour, Mame Michel, ¢a va-t-il selon vos désirs? Sypas- 
CTBYHTe, MazaMb MUlledb, Kakb Bally W'ba2—CIpocHh Ob 
ctapyxy. Bonjour, M-lle Josephine—korga MH 6yeMb MACaTb 
Ha Balle cBagb6b? Bonjour, Julot, mon gros lapin... 

OTBOpuach KaNUTKa Bb BOPOTAXb—-H Ba CouaTa Bb o- 
JOTHAHHXDS KOCTOMAXD A CHAHXD WaloOwKkaxb BHHeECIH MBI- 
HHH KOTCIOKb, Hab KOTOPHM CTOAND 0apb, WH posi BD 
Hally Nocyay BapeHhe 606. OTo OHUH OCTAaTKH BYepaHAro 
COMMaTCKaro yRUHA, KOTOPHeE—KakKb A y8HaNb BUOCIbACTBIE— 
pasqanTbh ObHHMh BO BCBXb NapHKCKHXD KasapMaxs. 


Vv. 


— Kakb xe TH FOBOPHIb, ITO TeOB Topoyxb MaerTh KBap- 
THPY,—Upetnoxnnb a JlamGepy asHo MYIHBII MeHA ~BO- 
1poch,— & CaMb HOYyellb BD ,,KpacHomMB SaMEb?“ 

— Buyepa Herbed 6HII0 HOWeBaT oma... Bb Hallux) Kpaaxs 
Ona Biepa OO6naBa... Ho MeHa Upentynopeazuna—y Mena, B BAD, 
eCTh xopomlia cBasH. Ons Wpeqyupequsb MeaA TPH DHA TOMY 
Hazalb. One CTOANb Ha NOCTY WH KOPAa A MpPOXOAWI'b, CKazadb 
MHB Takb: ,Pére Lambert, Kakb 6H Yero He BHMINO. Tenepp 
yepeqb 38 HalluMb yyacTKomb*. HY BBpHO 9TO OHB CkKasait, 
HOTOMY 4TO Buepa O6Ha O6OaBa. Ho pasymbeTca, HHROrO He 
HalliH. A TeHepb BCe CHOKOHHO MBCANa Ha TDL... 

OHD BHHMATEIEHO NOCMOTPBIB Ha MCHA, TIOYMaNb H CKa- 
3aE: | 

— Ecm xovyelllb, # TH MOPb 6W NOCeNHTLCA Tam... MBcta 
XBaTuTb. Mab ITO-Kb? TH BCe-TaKkH HanexHbe IOmena.. Cb 
HMM CTpalIHO OCTABaTbCA 00 HOWaMb Cb riasy wa Piasb... 

MH CIYCTHIHCh OynbBapaMa KB pPBKB Hu NepellIH MOCTS 
Ayctepuunb. Iloroms cnycTamuch 0b MOCTH Ha TAK HasH- 
BaeMyWO ,,berge‘—MOMeCHHYND DONOCY BAO, Oepera, Hab Camok 
BOOK. | 

Sbcb 6HIO THXO H CHOKOHHO, Kakb 6ynTO He BE roporB: 
MeXTY KAMHAMH poCcla TpaBa; Ha DIBPOKHX’ MIUTaxXb y BOW 
CHIbIH PHOONOBH; CTapad XKeHIHHa Tpelata DepcTb HW HAa- 
6uBana el MaTparb. IIo Ty cTopoHy pBKH, Bb boTanwyecKOMB 
Caly NOAHMAIHCh JepeBbA Cb KpaCHHMH OC€HHBMH JHCTbAMH 
M MeseY HAMA KpaCHHMM DATHAMH BHAbIANach TeMHaA 8eJeHb 
KepOBb MW KuDAapHCoBD. JlarbMe BHU8b M0 TeyeHib OHTb BH- 
nent Co6oph [lapuackoh BoromatepH CB ero H8AIHHMH KOHTP- 
(popeaMM, M PAAOM Ch HMMS MACCHBHHA KyuoIb I[lanTeona, 





H3AYGHBA. 77 


HCHO BHpBsasmiicy cBaoew chpow rpomanoH wa Onbanok rony- 
6u3HB Heda. Ilo pbrB OBxann Jerkie napoxonn, cb my6u- 
KoH TOUNHBMeHCH Ha DanyOb, H MefNeHHO Ipobskain yep- 
Hue OyKCHPHHe cyya, TAHYBUIie 3a co6oH no HBCKOMbKYy TAa- 
KHEINXE OAPRb Ch NeCKOMS H OBMNMS KAaMHeMB. 

Jlam6epb TaMHCTBeEHHO WenHyIb MH, YTOOH A WeNb 3a 
HaMt, HW MH MONON Kb TYHEIN, U8b KOTOPaTO MHAACch 
Bb p bry ctpya MyTHOH BonH. Jlam6epb 00 BHCTyNaMb KaM- 
Hei Uporbsb Bb Hero, H A CIBAOBAIE 38 HUMB. TyHenb 
OKa3sach# BHXOROMB CTOYHOM TPyY6H, NOpHHatNexamei Kb 
oOmupHott cucTeMB Rananusauin, MO KOTOPOH CAMBAITCA BB 
Ceny BcB BOAH, Tekymia NO HapHxKCKAMB yaunaMs. lIpoiinza 
MaroBh BagaTb MB OCTAHOBHJIMCh Y HMMM; Bb He Ona 
NIOWMaAtKka, BOSBHDIABLIAACA HA OAMAb apIHHb Hah MONOMB 
TyHela. Bpepxy upe3b OTAYUIBHY CHHBIS Kycovekb aHe6a. 
Takia HWW yCcTpoeHH M0 BCeMy IIpoTaxeHiO T1aBHHXb THy6b 
IHX pasowxb Kananusanin Ha ClyqaH MpomuBHOoro oxRAS, 
Korda Bola Bb Tpy6axb BHeEsalHO NOAHMAeTCA H BCE CHOCUTS 
epezb co6ow. Ha nnomankb MHpHHOW Cb uBanb eka 
cyxie JIMCTbA H CKOMKaHHad PaseTHad OyMara, MW Mmaxno nrb- 
CeHBW) H MHIIAaMH. 

— Borb oa, Halla KBapTupa,—ckasarb Jlam6eph.—Hbrb 
HH KOHCbepxka, HH XO3HHHAa, HH KBapTHpHaro HaJora... Ecun 
"NOTBCHATECS, TO ChHOWa BIbseTh A TpeTi4; Tenrbe OyerTs... 
ToJbKO TH JONMeHS MOCTABUTh HAMb AMTP BUHA—TAKOM Rb 
oo6nyait. 

— Y mena ABTS Aeners. 

— He cefiuach, a Korma 6ynyTbh. MH noTepouMtE. 

SI yle'b Ha NPOMHCNIb HW He BOSBpallaica Wo Beyepa. Ua- 
COBB OKON0 NATH DHA Ha KaKOH-TO AWQHOK yuuUB A saMbrunp 
TON0Y, OKpyRaBiyio apToMo6usb. UTO-TO ACHOPTHIOCh Bb MO- 
Tops H OHD octanosuca. Mlobpépst, ocBTHA Tak'b, kak'b-6yATO 
cooupaica Ha chBepAHE No1WCh—Bd MBXOBOM Mank' Cb waydl- 
HHKaMHi HM KO3IMHOH DIKypb WepcTbh BBepx,—OAHATS KpHI- 
KY MOTOpa HM BO3HJICH Cb HUMDb. Ha Takb Kakb yuna Oba 
yakad, & 63a Ha Hel oveHb Oolikagd, TO CKOpO Mosagqu aBTONO- 
Gua O6pazoBancaA BINH XBOCTbh H3BO3THKOBh, PyproHoBh 
omHu6ycoBD. Kyyepa oMAHOYCOBS cepauTo UWeulKala KaYyTaMH, 
HM3BO3UHKU Pyrasuch, a Wy61HKa OCTpHa DO ampecy Hectac- 
THAaro wWopdépa U ero ,,auto®. 

Tlonxomesrb ropomosoil. 

- Cirrculez!—ckasarb onb.—BH aajlepsKuBaeTe ABYMKeHIe. 

Yauaps, TO MOTOPh UcHoOpteHb, OHS NoTpesosath, iTOOH 
ABTOMOOHIB BHITalWu Bb cocbanii nepeyorb, rab He OHIO 
hain. Sl uw apyrok Ao6poporenb H8b NyY6IUKU Hawa TONKATb 
CBAIM SKHDAKb, a MOPPsph yupaBIAlb PpyleMb—BCce 9TO pu 


f 








78 A BEPHEPS#. 


UpyxXHOME cMBXB TON. BL nepeyIKB A OcCTacH UpH HeMb 
Moka OH} MOWAAN MOTOPD HW NOMABah CMY MACIEHKY, OTBEPTRA 
HK kandH. Y Hero 6H Cla6HaA HW OBIHA Kakb y KeHMIBAH 
PYKU—H A WpedoXUNb CMY OTBAHTHTh KaKyN-TO raliky, Cb 
KOTOpoH OHB HHKak’b He MOI COBNaNaTb. WowemMHOry BCA pa- 
OoTa Nepena KO MHB u A CTaNb pas6upaTb uw COOHpaTh 0 
ero yKasaHiAMb wacTH MaliMHW. Korma MOTOp>) OHI ACOpaB- 
Je€Hb WM 8acTy4ab BCBMH CBOHMH YeTHPbMA UMIAHIpaMy Mmod- 
Méepb Wanth MHB OFHHD MpavRb—UBIWXb WpaqwaTh cy!—Hz 
YBxaJ5. 

Beyepomb A KyNBIh PYHTS xh6a, AOMOTh cHpa ,brie~ H 
JHTpb BuHa 8a 6 cy. Co Bcel sTOoH npoBusie a oTNpaBHJICA 
Ha CBON HOBYN KRaptupy. Mon 6ynymie comutenu—Jlam6eph 
H lOmenb—yore Cub 0OAb MOCTOMS, CIYCTHBS HOH HH3KO 
Kb BOW, HW wa MeHA. MW BODINH BIPOeMb Bb TYHCb, H 
pH cBBTS orapka Hadad BCTh XIbOb Cb CHPOMD H 8allHBAaTh 
BHHOMS IpAMO H38b OYTHJKH. 


VI. 


CMOTPHIIb HHOra Bb WKCY Ha CrHuBMi MeHb—H KameTca 
GTO 9TO MePTBH, yxe HHKYIa HerowHHli KycoRB epesa. Ho 
IPpUCMOTPHMILCA—H OKakeTCH, ITO Ha HEM KHMBTH CORHAA 
H pasHoo6pasHad XKXH3Hb: TYTb UM nbceHb, H TpHOW; CHH3y 
IIPHIHOWIM Kb HeEMY ApAOTHA MOKPAUN, H COTHH KpOnlewHxb 
YepHHXb HXYIKOB KOUOMATcA DOWb Kopon... Take Odd 
MOCTaMM, Bb TYHCIAXL H BL yKpbINeHiaxh, OKpyRaNUlHXdb 
Ilapux'’b, KONOMUTCA CBOe HaceseHie—Toxe cBoero poza II- 
 CKif MOKPHUW—KoTopoe HOUyeTh UNH KOPMUTCA 38I'BCb. 

Hantb Hamu 110 MOCTY OpoBsxarM aekTpHyeckie TpaMBal 
MW RKATHIAaCh CNomRHaA HM OoratTah XA3Hb; Bb AadopaTopiaxs 
TTPPOTHBh HAaCb CHUSIM IND Hab MAKPOCKOMaMA HW HsyIale 
pani uw peutrenosckie AyqH; HeMHOTO HH%Ke 0 TeYeHIN PKA 
crosiH Jlyspp u Ulkona Haampnxts Uckyccrst, ryb Monoqwe 
XYHOKBUK GepTHIH, FAMKIH H38b PIKHH HW OHCamM KpackamMy,— 
a2 MH HS CBOeH D10mantkb TOXb MOCTOMb BeH Ru3Hb eMmep- 
HHXB iozev, TOMOAHYH, 8BBPUAYH, NONKYH OXOTHAIbUXS CIy- 
qannoctes. | 

SABCh RBUNO HACh HBCKONDKO YeNOBBKb—H XOTA BCB ME 
CHIH COBepIeHHO pasHHe WOW, H Mexy HaMH He OHIO HH- 
yero O6Mmaro—MH XOpOMO 3HaIH Apyrb Apyra Hw ame oO 
u3sBbcTHOH cTeneHH OHJIH DpPWuBAsaHH Apyrb Kb Apyry. H 
TAKAA CYIecTByeTh y WeNoBbKa MOTPeOHOCTh Bb COOCTBEHHOM'S > 
vraib WH o6mectBb, ITO ITY NAOMAKy NOLS MOCTOMb MH CIH- 
7a CBOMMb HACTOAINIMMb JOMOM'b, AH HAC NOCTOAHHO TAHYJIO 
KB He, Korma MH OHM Bb ropors. 





o 


BSiYUnKA.  ¥g 


Hach 60 OATepoO NOcTOAHHHXb xBTenet — JlamGeps, 
lOmenb, A H elle Cyopyra JKonn. 

Cams Jlam6eph NpeAcTaBlANb usb ce6a Oponsry cb acHo 
BHPaKeHHHMU 6ypXyasHHMH HakNOHHOCTAMM. HackonbKO 9TO 
BOBMOXHO WIA YENOBKA, KOTOPHH COHTb, He pas bBaach, OBS 
OHb YACTONIOTEHS HU fake ppanTopaTs. Bs upoTmBonoNn0x- 
HocTh IOxeny, KOTOPHH HHKOrza He MHIca, Jlam6epb Kaxtoe 
YTpo ciyckaca Kb pbKS, CHUMAIb NMIKakKb UH COBepMalb 
BUBCb cBOH TYaleTh; Ip 9TOM’ OHS BHHAMAIb 3b KapMaHOBb 
CBoe HMYINeCTBO: TpyOky, DepowwHHHH HOR, TPeyroubayl 
OOMOMOKE sepkasa, KYCORB rpe6eliika MH MeCTeNOUKY WIA WiarbaA. 
BHMHBDINCh, OHb TIAaTesbHO IpudecHBaICK, Mepxka lepeyd 
co6oH sepkaubie—OHb OFeHb BA6OTHICA O CBOeH Hapy2KHOCTH. 
TloroMb CHHMaNb TO oYepeyqH BCH YacTH CBOerO KOCTIOMA, 
YHCTHID UXb HW OCMUTPHBAIb, He HAO JH 4TO 8alluTD. 

JlaM6ep upesBHYaiHO yBaxasb ycTon o6mjecTBa: CobcTBeH- 
HOCTbh HW BulacTeH. Humuxb OHh Upeshpanb WH Cb FopAOCThN 
FOBOPHIb: «z’suis pas un mendigot, moi» (A He Tompomatlika!) 
BoraTuxh yBaxkallb, HO HHCKOJBKO He 3aBH0Bab UM, 0- 
TOMY ITO y HeErO CHORMNOCL YHCTO-HHAyccKoe penCcTasenie 
O . H€BO8MOXHOCTH mepexoya H8b ONHOH KacTH Bb Jpy- 
ry. 

CoppeMeHHHMS OOMeCTBEHHHMB CTpOeCMb OH HE TO ITO 
OHNIb LOBONeHS, HO CIHTAIb erO BHIHHMD MW HeH3MBbHACMEM, 
MH eMy Take He MOrO UpiTH Bb TouOBy KPHTHKOBATb aTOTh 
CTpoH, KaKb BOPYaTh Ha TO, YTO 3EMJA BEPTHTCA, H WeHb CMB- 
HAeTCA HOUbN. Dopmb ous UpuAaBars cyephbpHoe, peTumucr- 
CKkoe 3HateHie—u YeOBBKb Bb opMeHHOH MypaxkkKb—OyAp 
OTO TOUTANbOHS, KOHLYKTOPS KOHKH WH Waxke pasBOsiuKb H3b 
MarasHHa ,Bon Marché*—kasaica emy DO01y6oroms. 

OHS yBaxalb BCB YyCTaHOBIeHHHA BUacTA—H He TOJJIbKO 
TOpoOqOBHXb H KOMMHCapa ydacTKa, HO ake MUHUCTpPOBb 
Wpesuweuta peciyOMuku, HeECMOTPA H& TO, ITO OOPHBKH LraseTH 
»lotrasigeant“, KOTOPHA OHS DOAHMaTb Ha MOCTOBOH, OOBHHAIA 
MXb BO BCCBO3MOXHHXB IpecTyMekiaxh, HaIMHaA OTA WBTO- 
yOifictBa uw KOHYad TalHOH UpHHasexHOCThbH Kb KOMIAHIV 
ACCCHH3ALiOHHHXS 06030Bb. OHS Aame pasckasHBalb Cb YMH- 
JeHieMb, ITO HBCKOIBKO BTS TOMY Hasal’b, Upox0a MAMO 
Enucelicraro J[popia, OHb BULBIB, KakKb Wpe3svAeHTb pecny6- 
uukH— Monsieur Felisque Faure—cagvsica Bb KOUACKY WH BBxK- 
HBO NOAHANG OWIANY Bb OTBBTS Ha TOKIOHD JlamGepa. 

— Qui, il a salué moi, Lambert Goujon, un sans domicile! Ta, 
OHb NOKIOHHICA MHS, YeNOBBKY 6e3b ,MBCTORUTEIBCTBa!*—Cb 
TOPAOCThN DOBTOPANS OHS BCAKIH pa3sb, Kora pascKash Bald 
HaMs 06% aro scrpboh, a pBuUMTeIbHO He Morb NowATs lOxKexna, 
KOTOpHH BCAKIM pasb Bb OTBBTb Ha 9TO TOBOPHIB: 


sé A. BEPHE P 5, 


— Bomsant! 3To ero pemecno—3& 9TO OHB H TOoay4aers 
MHJIJiOHS, TOON WUBIN TeHb PackKiaHHBaTEca. 

MW npy oToMb Npa6aBiarb, CKaBb BYOH: 

— Tous ces gens-la-c’est des crapules 4 qui il faudrait coupe: 
la clochel Bee sto cBonoun crbaoBano 6 cpy6uTh OaiK;! 

Jlam6eph He 3Halb HM OMHOFO peMeCua H, BBPOATHO, BCD 
CBOW WONYN KUSHb ONT Opozsrok. O cBoemMb NpomlexIVeMD 
OHDb He FOBOPHJb—FiaBHHM O6pazoM’b NOTOMY, ITO eMy HeWero 
OHO PAsCKasHBaTb: 9TO OHNO MYTHOe, OMBONBBTHOe MATHO, 
H8b KOTOparo He BHABIANOCh HH OAHOTO OOpasa HH COOHTIA. 

EUHCTBEHHO APKUM'S BOCHOMMAAHICMS CFO RU3HH (28 HCKAD- 
yeniemMb yee YNOMAAYTON BCTpbun cb UpesuzexToMs Dopoms) 
6n10 mBCAHYHOe CHA'BHie BB TIOphMB. CnoKoKHHMD, 3TMICCKHME 
TOHOMb OH pasCKkasHBaAb HaMb, Kakb Douaicd BO BpeMA 
o61aBh Bb Byonckomb szbcy. JipaquaTh Opozarb Hw ero Bb 
TOMB WHCJ'B, COaBOUIHXh BL 9TY HOU BL Whey, oKpymuna 0- 
HUA, 8arHata, TOUKO AHIb, Ha OAHY DOIAHY — H OTBeENA BS 
ywzactokb. Orcmya wxb Mepeperu BB Depd:—oMb MpesBapE- 
TeIbHaro BakINYeHia — Tb oH NpoperwH HBCKONDKO Hed, 
NOK& HXb He pascopTupoBalH 00 rpyouamd U OTABIMIH yro- 
JOBHNXh OTH MpOCcTHx, Oponarsb. [lotomb opewH Ha Cy. 
CyAbu CHUBIH 3&8 IPUNABKOMD Bh YepHHXb TOraxd H cwbM- 
HHXb KPACHHX'b Walkaxb, a c3aiW BUCbIa KapTHHa, Hs00pa- 
KabWad pacnataro Xpncta. MoxeTb OHTb, OHIO OH DPaBHJE- 
He TOBBCHTB ee NPOTHBd cyzek, ITO6H OHH BUA BIH Ero, Korga 
cynuiu... Ho ona Bucbia 38 HHMH,HJlaNG6epb BCe BpeMA CMOT- 
pbab Ha Ero KpoTkoe 4 cKOp6HOe AHN0, H TYBCTBOBaIb cebs 
QOIbINUMS IpecTYNHHKOM?, XOTA H He 3Hab 38 ITO eFO CYATS. 
TombKo Bb TIOPhbMS eMy OOLACHHIM, ITO Ka rpax_anaed 
0623aH® MM'BTb KBAPTHPY—HM TAKB Kakb Y Hero He OHNO KBAap- 
THPH, TO CYXbH M UpHroBOpHIA ero Kb MBCAIHOMY 3aR0WG- 
Hii. Bupovemt, Ha THPhMY OHb axe He CMOTPBIS KAaRb Ba 
Hakasanle, HU Cb OONbINOH MOXBaNOH OT8HBaJICA O TOPeCMHOMD 
pexum'b: numa xopomas, koku MaArkKia Mu OOMIeCTBO HHTepec- 
Hoe. Kcau OW TOubKO BHWaBalH Tadakb H MOsBONANH Oobme 
rY1ATb 10 BOPy, OH Ch YHOBONLCTBIEMS OCTAICA OH Bb Hell 
H AOJbIle. 

Xota JlaM6eph H He 8HATS peMeCwa, HO OH’ HHKOrsa He 
OHNb 1pasiHyMS WH sapadaTHBaNb DO WBalwaTd Cy Bb lesb. 
Ha yainuaxh OHb CMOTpbIb 00 CTOPpOHaMS BHAMATeJIbHHMD, 
BC€ NOAMBYaWWIUM B3lAaAOM'b: TaMb OHS NOLHMATb OKYPOKh, 
3QBCb raseTy, TaMb MOPKOBb MIM KOUaHD KallycTH, ynaBmie 
Ch BO8& MyKuKa, KOTOPHH Bxalb HA PHHOKD. OKYPKOBd OFb 
cooupar, fo 50 nITYRS Bb leHb H MOTOMb, MOAB MOCTOMB, 
THATeAbHO COPTHPOBaAIb UXb. XyAuie OWL BHKYPHBATb Ccaws, 
& Xopomle KpOMIMIb HOKEM H COCTABIATS W3b HHXD NakeTH 


H8iY4HBA. 81 


Tadaky, KOTOphe mpoyzapars rab-to Boars Place-Maubert, rx, 
0 ero C0BaMb, 6Hia ,bapmka oKYPKOBE~. 

Ho riaBHHNb saHATiemb JlamGepa 6H YepBu. Bb xopo- 
Iylo Doroxy oO BockpeceHbAMB BCH DapuxKcKian HadepexHa 
SaHATH PHOONOBAMM, KOTOPHe CHAATH Cb yOUKaMH OOIry, 
TYTb Ke 3aBTpakaWTh, MH BHIABIMVBAaOTh Bb AeHb MITYKH TPH 
HIM YeTHpPe KpoulegawWxb muckaps. Bs takie AHH JlaMO6eph 
XOXHTb BONb HaGepexHoH Cb XecTAHKOH NOHO MAaNeHbRKUXd 
ApPKO-KPaCcHHXb, Kak’) KpHCTAIH rpakata, TeEpBAYKOBS, H BHIKDE- 
KHBAb: . 

— Komy yepBakoBh, xXOpomuxb yepBakoBb? Y koro HBTS 
‘wepBakoBs? Henoporo--noyTe apoMb— Ba cy NpHTopmmlase 

Jina MeHaA yonro 6HN0 saraqkow, rab JlamGepsh Gepers 
STUXD YepBel. OHAKIN, Xelad MOXBacTaThcA epexo MHOW 
CBoeH XO3HHCTBEHHOCTLN, Jlam6epb UpusHascA MHS ATO Y Hero 
OHa ,dadpHka*, H NOBelb MeHA CMOTPBTB ee. ,DadpuKa“ 
HoMbmantach Bb TOK xe TpyOb, royb W Halla KBapTupa, TOKO 
BHaTHTeJbHO BHIe. MH ONTO MINH Bb TeMHOTS, Dlelan 00 
BOWS, COrHYBINHCh HW UPHAepRUBAACH O DOKPHTHA CHPHMH KpH- 
cTainamMa crbauH. [laraxh Bb ABYXcTaxb OT BxOwa JO MeHA 
WOHeCCH HeCTePHAMHA salaxb nagann. JlamM6eph saxerb ora- 
Ppokb, H A YBHABID Bb HHUIB HBCKONLKO CO6OadIbUXS TPYNOBS. 
Hx b chya mpunocHiAs Jlam6eps u ,,3acbuBarbh“ Bb HAX FOpCTb 
HH TBB YepBAKOBb, KOTOPHe OHCTPO pasMHO*RAaINCh Bb PHiv- 
memb Mach. OAHHD H3b TPYDOBb OyKBaNbHO KHIIBI Yep- 
BAMH, H Jlam6eph OpH MHS cTanb BHOpaTh UX’ PyKaMA, CHA 
H& KOPTOUKaxhb H BAHXaH HEBHHOCHMOe BIOBOHIe... 

Hackonbko Jlam6eph OnarolymeHb U Hes06HBb, HAaCTOJBKO 
IOxeub paslpaxkeHb UPOTHBD BCero OKpyRaNuaro. GTO Mab 
ABTE [BaquaTH; OWbTE OHS BE WupoKie OapxaTHHe MTasH, 
a@yaliky w MHEKaRb CO .CUMMIKOMb KOPOTKHMH pykaBaMyH; 
KPacHH M0Ach OOMOTAaHS BOKPY’sb efo Talia, H Ha ToOOBb OHS 
HOCHTS YepHHH kapTy3b, HaIBUHYTHH Ha CaMWe rasa. Y Hero 
Koporkad MOrydad Wes H rouoBa, BCerma HakOHeHHaA Biepes, 
Kakb y 6HKa, KOTOpHH co6upaetca OonuyTs. Jiao y Hero 
SBBpckoe H OescMHCNeHHOe, HOCh KPHBOH ‘HM pacnIWU[eHHHA 
Bb Aparb (,pour une sacrée méme de Monrouge—nsb-8a MpoKis- 
TOH JBBIOHKM cb Moupysxa*—oObACHAIS OHb), KOCO MOcTa- 

BJICHHHE Plaza, TAKeNAA, CH38aH, BCera OTBUCIaA FeNCTh H 
OFpoMHHA pyka... Hukorga He 3a6yay A 9TUXD PYKb... KOCTIIA- 
BHA, CTpallHHa, Noxomeia Ha KMeMIHA OFpoMHaro oMapa, OHS 
Becerra OHJIH CBeeHH Takb, Kakb OyATO COOMpaIHCh J YWMUTS 
4bN-TO men. 

TOxeHb HeHaBuAMTh BCBXS — OOratHxt 4 OBAHWX, BJa- 
CTBYWIHXE HW YrHeTeHHHXt, no6bautTene u no6bx,eHHwX4. 
HM oaT0 He HeHaBUCTh aHapXHCTa BO HMA BHCIIUXS WpeaoBh, & 

®Pespanp. Otatar I. 6 


$2 A BEPREP b. 


371068 YeOBBKA, 8ATHXaWMaroca Bb CUHDIKOMD CUORANXS WIA 
Hero *opMax’ KuU3HH. JKuBy lOxend Bb NeABAKOBHH Nepioxb— 
OHS OXOTHJICA OH Ha MaMOHTa H sy6pa, pas6HBab OW KaMeH- 
HHMB TONOPOMb yepeNb cBoero Bpara, YHOCHIS 6H Bb CBOW 
emepy BHCIBKeHHYD ABBYLIKY—uH ONITb OW CIACTHHBS, H 
COBpeMCHHARA Nota 6H ero. HO Kak HTb BB 9TOM [la- 
pux'b, rib Bce NON 8aMKOM, TAB Hao BHaTb Kakia-TO Myape- 
HHA peMeCila, rb Ha Kak OMb Mary NocTaBleHH ropomwoBHe 
Cb peBoubBbepaMH HW CHINMKM Cb PYIHHMH KabalaMi BE Kap- 
MaHB H IB XeHIIMHH CMBNTCH Hab ero HCKaTbieHHHMb 
HOCOMD? 

Ipyrie MonoaHe 1AM Cb TeMoepaMeHTOMS JOxcKeHa KpalyTb 
HH HaxonaTh ce6sb ,,une marmitte“—mmpocTHTyTKY, KoTopad Kop- 
MATE uUxXb. Ho BO @pannin NONMUiA XOpOMO opraHwvsoBaHa, B 
OOHBaTeIH YMBNTS OXpanATh CaMHx’ ce6s. Bopopb-106uTeteki 
W&aBHO YR HBTS, KaKb ABTS YR BOUKOBS WU MeLBbell; ecth 
TOIBKO CHeviasHCTH, TOHKO U3yIHBMie CBoe peMecuO HM UpHHal- 
Jexamie Kb opranusaliams. Bh sTHxb opranusalliaxt — OHH 
BHCMAaTPHB&aNWTb MBCTO, Pb MOXHO Ch BHTOAOH uw 6es0NacHo 
ykpactb, Apyrie ma6pHkyNTh ChoRHHE H OCTPOyMHHe HHCTPy- 
MeHTH, HEOOXOJMMHe COBPeMeHHOMY BOpy — Kel DIA OTOH- 
paHia WBepel, KONOBOpOTH H oNeKTputeckie CBepma IA IIpo- 
WHIHBaHiIA JHPb Bb HeECrOPacMHXD MIKalaxh,—TpeThd YMBWTh 
COHBaTbh Kpayenha Bellu. Bce aTO CHHMIKOMDS CORO U TPY THO 
mua JOwkena, A KpoMB TOrO, OB He yM'beTS NOLIAHATLCA DHC- 
WMNIGHS opranusalit, H ero HUKYAa He NPHHMMAaNTS. 

Uro xe KacaeTCA Apyroro HMCTOUHHKAa 6naronotytia—,,mar- 
mitte*, TO H 30BCbh eMy He BeseTb. BBpPOATHO, HH ONHHDS 
HH]'ben'b TAKb XHTPO He BHCIBKHBAID 6430Ha Bb CTeCOH H HH 
OJHUHb PHUApb Tak’b CTpacTHO H HaCTOHIHBO He pa3sHCKHBals 
CBOW KpacaBhHuy, NOXUMIeHHyN CapanunaMv, Kakb HAIleTh 
JOmeHb CORUTCIBHALY BL 9TOMb OFpOMHOMD lapuxs... Jame 
BO CHB OHb pasroBapHBaeTh Cb KakKHMH-TO XKeHUIWHaMH, Bb 
YeMB-TO HXB yOBxKTaeTh WU Wlenyerb: ,oh, Ma gonzesse, ma gi- 
golette‘—oTH H'bxXHHA BOPKYNIULIA CIOBa, 10 CTpaHHOMy KadpH- 
8Y A8HKa UPHMBHUMHA TOJbKO Kb NpOCcTuTyTKaMd. J[OBOBHO, 
WTOOH Ha HadepexHOH Bb TyMaH'b, Ip HeBBpPHOMD CBBTB raszo- 


 BAFO poORKa, MOKasaiach ONMHOKAaA 2keHCKad «purypa 6e3b 


INIAQKH H Cb BHCOKHMS UIHHBOHOMD, Kak’b IOxkeHB BeCb HAa- 
CTOpaxkHBaeTCA, BCMATPHBaeTCA Bb TEMHOTY 3ar0phbsmIHMCA 
BsrIAOMb, WOTOMD BCTaeTh H Me] ICHHO, KAKb BOJKb, KpaseTca 
3a He... 

Ho sce HalpacHo: JaMH BpeMH OTB BDpeMeHM DapHIW ero 
cBoeW O1arOCKIOHHOCTbh TAB HY6yYXb BL TBHH MOCTAa HIH Ha 
CKaMeHKS OyJbBapa, HO WO cepbesHoH CBa38H HHKOra He DWOxXo- 
TIO. 











MSIYUHHA. 83 


Kak-TO Bb MHHYTY NomHaro oTganHia IOxeHb Camb 06- 
ACHHIE HAM’ IPHIMHY oTOrO. OAS BOOOMe 1NOHNE NOroBopaTh 
OQ KeCHCKOH NCHXONOTIH A UByyaNb ee Cb TAKUM xe WHTepe- 
COMB, Ch KAaKHMD OXOTHHRH H3yWaNTb WpaBh 6ekaca HH AH- 
KoH KO3H. 

— Buyute 1H,—roBOpurb OS, WpespuTebHO CineBHBaA 
Bb CTOPOHY,—6a6a, OHA BCHAY CyeTh CBOe 4YBCTBO... la femme 
ga met pourtout du sentiment. Uro6h ee Baath, HelpeMBAHO Hao 
BHawaNs UPHTBOPHTbCA HBKHHM’b, HECYACTHEHBRUMS... TOMA 
OHA NOKaIbeETS AH 3axowerTh yTbmaTb. A KOrAa IpuBHKHeTb— 
OHa YR Cb Co6OoW HHGeTO He NOMbMAeTS: CKONbKO XOVeNIb 
6eH ee—eii maKo OyqeTh Opocuts Te6a. JIpyrie Takb H HAadH- 
HabTb, & A He MOry —jsais pas faire du sentiment, ca ne me 
reussit pas... He YMBN 4H HBRHHIATS, HHKAKB 9TO Y MECHA HE 
BHXOIMTB... 

— A TH BOTh Touma KakyN-HHOy1b,—coBbryers Jlam- 
6epb,—H Oputyraa ee—donne lui la frousse... 

— Espéce de vieil abruti! Jypakb TH cTapHii!]—BosMymaeTca 
JOxentb.—,, IpnHayrau ee“. He nOHMMaelIb TH Hudero: KOrAa 
6a6a WHOUTE—OHG Aypa, CHAH y Hed HBTS UpoTuBE Teds. A 
Korga He JWOHTh—OHa Xurpbe Te6a; He TO ITO Te6s, Aypaka,— 
BcAKaro .epexuTpuTh. YHAeTh ,padoTaTh* Bb Apyrou kKBap- 
Tantb—umn ee! A TO HapodnO cofineTcaA cb KBMB-HH6yAb 0- 
cCHuIbH'Be Te6s — quil te casse la gueule—d4TO6OW TOTb pasO6HJTb 
TeOB MOPHY... 

TakuMb o6pasomhb, lOxeHy copepmieHHO He HaxOZHTCA MB- 
CTa Bb COBpeMeHHOMD OOumsecTB'B. [lonATHO, ITO OHD 03100TeHB 
H NOCTOAHHO JLyYMaeTh O UpecTyNNeHiAXb—CaMHXb HCHYRHNXD 
Ge8CMHCICHHHX}, IKeCTORUX’S. Howbw, WOKa He 3aCHeTh, Ob 
BCe pasCKashHBaeTh HAM CHIIHMD YTONOCOMB ACTOpiA 6e3b 
Havaya H KOHW& OPO KakHXb-TO IpHecToBS wu sKwI0, “sBBCT- 
HHXb Bb cpexb anamie#. Bce sTO pHuapH Oesb CcTpaxa, KO- 
TOpHe yOHBaWTh He H3b KOPHCTH, & Bb OpoTecta, ITVGH WOKa- 
3aTb OOUIECTBY, ITO OHH DINNTS Ha efO 3aKOHH HM HeECOrmmacHh 
BOMTH Bb TB yakid 3afOponwku, KYHa OHO XOUCTL 38rHaTb AX. 
Ob pasckasHBaeTb po Kakoro-To ,Jean dit Tour Hiffel, qui a 
degringolé un flic‘-—KoTOpHH ,yIOKUAb TopomoBoro~ 3a TO, ITO 
TOTh OTOrHAab OTh MACHO JaBKN ero coOaky. CMakya mompo6- 
HOCTH, OHb IpOCTpanHo pasckashBasb, Kakb ,,/KO010-10 70505“ 
Cb TOBapHntamMe ,ont chouriné une vieille rentiére‘—, yKoKOMIMIM 
cTapyXy-pauTbepniy“; y Hed H& KBapTUpb He OKasal0ch HH 
qeHerb, HH WBHHHXDb BelleH—Huw4erO, KPOMB KOJONH KapTb U 
IBYXb OYTHJIOKb BHHAa; H, CHA Ha eA TPYITh, OHH Mpa Bb 
KapTH HM UHH 9TO BHHO... 

KakB amodeosh repoeBb—Rb pasckazaxb lIOmena scerya 
‘erypmupyers ,la Veuve* ,Baopat, x1ylad Cb NOCLBHEMS 

@* 


84 ’4. BEPHEP BS. 


CTpamluyHMb TOublyeMb OOPyyeHHHXB cb Hew xpabpenoBb— 
KpacHad PHJIbOTHHA Cb OJCCTAMIUMD CTAaIbHHMb Je3BiemMb, KO- 
TOpad BOSBHIMAeTCA Bb yTpeHHeMD TYMAaH'S Ha DI0UaIH, cpelH 
BOIHYWMelca TONNH Hapona... 

Cyupyra sKpnnb Bb UpOTHBONONORHOCTh HaNb TPOHMB 
elle HE MOTEPANIM CBASH Cb OCTaIbHHMD MipoMb. OBH HaHnH- 
MaWTb MaHCapay Ha MeCTOMS 9TaxB rpoManHare cbparo 70oMa 
Ha HadepeskHol. Tak kakb 06a OHH OFeCHb CTapNe H TOTH- 
MaTbCA HA M1ecTOH 9Taxb HM TPYAHO, TO OHH BOsBpa- 
M{aoTCA MOMOMH TONbKO HOYeBATH, & HAMA NIOMatka MOMb MO- 
CTOMB CHYKUTh UMD MACTeEpCKoOH, KOATOPOH H CTONOBOH. 

OHM RMBYTH OOMeH RA8HbH CO BCBMD KBAPTAOM H WS- 
THA eb NOCBAMAaNTS ce6A CaMHM’ PasHoodpashyMd TpylaMms. 
Y HHXD eCCTb AMAKS, OKpalleHHHH BL YepHyW Kpacky CB yao- 
paMH, Ha HeMb paMa Cb NONOTHOMD, H Ha NONOTHS HAapHCOBaHb 
WyAetb—tTakoH OBINH H IYWHCTHH, Kakb OYTO OD CABAL 
H3b BaTH. Dloy’b KapTHHOH ReCITHMH HeEPOBHHMH OyKBaMH BH- 
BeeHa HAUHCh: ,JANUWJIb BHOONHACTS DOpyyenHia U CTPHRETS 
cobak*. 

HM, WHACTBATeIBHO, BCB AOMAMIHiA JIMHHO-MepcTHA CO6akH 
KBapTasa 8HANDTH H CMepTebHO GonTca shwnuaa. Korga Hao 
OCTpH%b CoOOaky, XO8HHHb UPHBOAATS ee Ha peMH'S NOM MOCTS; 
M-me JKNUHIb CBA3HBaeTh eH MODY, CaMHTCH Ha ADLHERS, 
KiafeTbh e€ H&a KOJBHHA HW KPBUKO epsRuTS 3a Nady. A Camb 
JONI CT&HOBHTCA Ha KONBHH H HadHHaeTb CTPA4b; pH 
3sTOMB Bb Upomoumenie pce onepallin OH He MepectaeTS OOB- 
ACHATS COO6aRB BC HEOCHOBATeCJIBHOCTh CH CTpPaxa H CTAaBHTb 
eH Ha BHI'b, ITO CCIM OHS NophRerTB ee, TO 3TO OYNeTh ef 
co6cTBeHHad BHHAa. Co6aka Mp STOMB TOCKIHBO NOMKCKHBAeTS 
H TpPACeTCA MeNIKOH HepBHOH ApoXbwH. CTpumeTh OHb OCHS 
HCKYCHO, H, MeHBMe YM BB NoMaca, UpeppamaeTh OOH RHO- 
BeHHAarO KyANaTaro ca, Cb DIepcThh, HAaBHCMIeH Ha rasa, BE 
ropaaro JbBa, Cb KHCTOUKAMU Ha HOraxhb H Ha KOHUB XBocta. 

KpomB CTpHxXKH coO6akb, cynpyru sKionnab 3anHMaroTca 
HaOHBROH MaTpanoBb WepcTbN, KOTOpyH ellyTh TYTh me 
MOJb MOCTOMD OCO6oH MaMMHKOH, WH Heonpen'bIeHHHMH J'b1aMn 
KOTOPHA HashBaWTcA ,commissions*—,nopyyenia“. Ecru, Halpa- 
MBpb, KTO-HHOyfb H3b OKPeCTHHXb XATeNeH UNONyIeTh Ct 
Wra 6OUKY BHHAa—OHD OOHKHOBEHHO 30BeCTA JHNUBIA pasJH- 
BaTb ero 10 6YTHIKaMb—H 3&8 TDYTb WaeTh eMY UBallaTh cy 
M JMTPb BUHA Cb 6oyeHka. Ecnw kTO-1H60 43> OBABHXB Co- 
chIOKS 60NeHb HIH POLUTh FoMa—,Mamb* sKOUHIB Yxaxu- 
BaeTS 88 OONbHOW, TOTOBATS CObAb HW BOsHTCA Cb pebeHROME 
Ha MepBHXb Dopaxt. Ecau y koro yxOquTb UpHcnyra Ham 
cObraeTs xteHa, TO 20 DpivckaHia HOBO M-me /HiUHIb Ba- 
puTb CYITh H MOCTE NOH. 


H3AYTHHA. 85 
/ 


TakuMa HelpecTaHHWMH TpytaMH OHH 3apadaTHBaWTS 
BIBOeMb Ppauka 1Ba Bb JeHb—KOTOPHX efBa-eBa XBATAeTb 
Ha Bay wu kBapTupy. Hecmorpa Ha sTo, 06a AOBOAbHH CBOHM 
NouOKeHieMb HW YaCTO CM'BNOTCA H DIYTATS. 

Mam> JKONHIb -- HH3CHbKad NoWHad cTapymiKa; ul0—py- 
MAHOe H 6€3b MOPUIHHKH, KaKb HaNHBHOe AONOKO—OKpyXeHO 
MATKHMM, OBIHMY BOJOCaMH. HocHTb Ona YepHoe IaTbe, BA- 
3QHHYN KOCHHKY Ha yledaxhb, HOXHAUM Ha NeATB y nosAca H 
JepeBAHHHA. JakKHpoBaHHHaA ,galoches“ Ha Horax’b. Eq MyxXb— 
BHICOKi#, XyOH CTapHKb Cb JIUHEHMH OSIM ycaMu H kpac- 
HHMb HOCOMb; BHUHO, ITO Bb CBOE BpeMA OHS ONJTb OCHS. 
KPaCHBb; Wake M Tellepbh elle OH COXpaHHIb Bb cBoen (H- 
rypb H MOxoxRB HA'BKOTOPyH SJeraHTHOCTh, OCObeHHO Koraa 
MueTh, NOKPyIuBadA yCb, NONb pyky cb M-me sKhwnuap. 

O6a OHH 20 CHXDS NOPh BINOIeEHH TPyrb Bb Apyra. Sas- 
TpakaNTb Own BCerga BMBCTS, vu rab 6H HH sazepxanu M-me 
JHOUKIb CH PasHOOOpPasHHA 3aHATIA, Kb ODONHW Ona Helpe- 
MBHHO ypBeTCA HM DpPHHeCceTh MYXHY 3aBTpakb Bb MaJieHbKow 
Kop3HAb. Ova pascTulaeTh Ha AWWHKB GACTYH Calerky H cTa- 
BUTS Ha Hee OYTHIKY BHHA, JIHHHHA Dapuxckia xBO6n, onHY 
KOTWAeTKY H& DBOHXb WM Kycovekd Cyupy. OAH cagzATCA Ha CKaz- 
HHe CTYJIbA-—H TpOrateIbHO BUUBTh, KaKb OHM BaOOTATCA APY 
O Apyrb, NOL1KBaNTh OMA APyroMy BuHA, PhRyTS xO, 
MW Kakb XATPUTS M-me sKwunib, ITOOW BCA KOTIeTKA WOcTa- 
Nach CTapHKY, Y KOToparo SonbMION allerTurs. 

Ilo Ux pasroBpopy H ManepaM’b BUAHO, YTO OHH sHaBalu 
AYWHA BpeMeHa H CHJIBHO CUYCTHINCh BHU8h 0 conianbHok 
abcTHuub. Mab Bcerga kKasavloch, ITO Bb Xb OTHOMEHIAXdb 
6HI0 ITO-TO GombMee, YSMB HBAXHOCT CYNPyFrOBb HW MPHBA- 
SAHHOCTh CTAPHXD Apyseli. [[pyrie CTapaTca Bb CBoeMb OOMe- 
cTBB, OJHOBpeMeHHO Cb AWAbMM CBOerO Kpyra—H TewveHie Bpe- 
MeHH JWIa HHXb Maio saMbrHo. Ho /Kionnan noTepaiH BCB 
CBOH UpexHiA CBASH—H XHIH cpequ uMzeH Apyroro obmle- 
cTBa WH ApyroH snoxu. H aApyrb ANA Apyra OHM UpesCTaBAAIH 
nocrbayee, ITO Y HUX' OCTAOCh OT MpexxXAATO CVACTIMBAarO 
BpeMeHH WU OTE lpexHAro O.1usKaro MMB Kpyra aAn7eH... 

Pasb A GINWAIb OOPHBOKB TakOro pasroBopa Mey 
HHMU. 

— Al ne 3Hadia, ITO Ona BB Tlapuxb. Ona ceroxua Ipo- 
‘xaJla MBMO MCHA Bb OKuMakb,—ropopHaa cTapyxa. Moke 
IipecTaBuTb, KAKb A VWCiyraJace... 

— Tlycraku,—cka3ab OHb:—ovna HHKOrZa He ysHalla OW 
TeOn: 6e3b WAANMKH HW Bh 9TOMb KOCTIOMB... 

— He ropopu, € BoBce He Tak® yRB HsMBauAach. HW no- 
TOMb TH He 3Haellb ee: 9TO AOCTABMYNO OW eH OrpoMHOe Yy0- 
BOIbeTBie ysHaTb MCHA Bb TAKOMD BU... AypHad KeHUaMA! 


86 A BEPHEP DS. 


Crapukb ONYCTHIb TONOBy uw sanyMasca. Ha ero ry6axt 
6pomusa oeyabhad yIHOKa—H BHAHO 6HJ0, ITO BOCIOMHHAHIA 
OHO 38 APyYrHMb MpoxowHIH Nepexb ero ruasamy. [loTomM, 
OHb MAXHyJIb pykoH—ctTapyeckoH pykoH Cb Trouy6HMu, Ha- 
OYXIIHMH XHNaMH—H CKaszab B3OXHYBD: 

— fia, ecuu 6H He MOA PIynOCTh—H TH He 6a 6H 0b 
CTAaPOCTh NON 3ITHMb MOCTOME... 

— Hy, 370 06% 3TOMb roBopuTh!—ckasasia CTapyxa, H 9Hep- 
THanbe NpHAATAach YecaTb MIepcrs. 


VIL 


Al MpoOKXHNS OKONO ABYXD Hebb BL CTOYHOH TpyOb. Mo- 
TOMS orola pbUIuTeIbHO DOBepAyja Ha 3uMy. Hadasacb rHH- 
Jan WapwxKeKah 384uMa Cb JO#XTAMH, CJIAKOTb H MpPOHHeHBa- 
WIUMH HACKBOSb TyMaHaMH. Ilo yTpam’b Hay pBKOW HOCHAHCh 
KIOUbA OBaro TyMaHa, HW 32aHiA 38 PBKOW TOHYIH Bb MOJO04- 
HOH mrirb. Hnorga Nawab cuobrb, MORPH WH PHXJHA, NOCH- 
ab TOUHO CaxXapoMb KPH HM MOCTOBY!O H CeHYach me Tar 
Ab, OCTABIAA Ha YIHWB KXHOKYIO XONOTHyH pasb, KoTOpan 
BaJIHBaach Bb JHPABHA OOTHHKH UW 3acTaBAAa KOYeHBTb HOTH. 
TIazanb 2O#xKDb, XONONHHK, HEYMOJUMHH, WH CBKS IMO, 3aH- 
BaJICH 3&8 BOPOTh, JeqeHHIb pyKu... | 

Pash HOUbN CTpamianii WIyMb pas6yoHnb Hach. MH ezBa 
ycubid BCKOUMTh H& HOrM Bb CBOeH HHII'b—Kakb 00 TpPy6b 
YTO-TO IIPOHECIOCh CO CBHPBINMD pesomb. JlaMOepb saxkerb 
CUWYKY—H MH YB RKeNTyW BOY, KOTOPpanH Hecwach BCA 
HOKPHTad WBHOW MH BOROBOpOTaMH, Uphrata Ha cTBHKH TyHelA 
H OTCKAKHBaIa OT HYXb MYTHHMH ToOp6aTHMH BOUHAMH. Bona 
BCG TOMHMaach oka He AOCTHIIa NMONOBHHH TpyOH, 0 HAa- 
IHXb KoWbHb. Heyero 6H0 HM AyMaTb, BHHTH HapyRxy— 
HOTOKb MOMCHTAaNIbHO cHecCh ON Hach BB CeHy—H Tak, M0 
KOIBHO Bb JeQAHOH BOS, HaMb MpHIMIOCh CTOATH OKONO Gacy, 
TOKa YpOBeHb He OMNYCTHICA 0 HONa HUME. 

Havyanucbh XON0a, H MO yTpaMb MH HaXxOQHIH Bb JyKaxb 
TOHKY) JeqAHyO kopouky. CoatH MH, Kpboko NpHxaBilnch 
Apyr'b Kb Upyry, Cb raseTHoK 6yMarow Ha6uToH NOAb Oatee, 
IOTOMY 4TO 6yMara OTIHGHO rp bers. 

Cb AypHoH noronmoli Hayasuch roloqunwe gHu. Bb AypHyb 
NOrOLy OAH pasipaxkeH, He BB Ayxb—u ciyyan sapadorath 
NpelcTaBIAwTca p'bxKe. 

IloMHIO O2MHD Tako Oe3KOHeYHO AJIMHHHD, Kak’ MH'B Kaza- 
N0Cb, Web, Korda A OpoLuNb Ho ropory, rosoqanh, oposs6mikk 
HaCKBO3b, Cb OTUAAHbeMD Ha TLyulb... MuMo MeHA OHCTpO Npo- 
XOMWIM JOM Bb TeINNOMb aTh'b, sacyHyBb PyYKH Bb Kap- 





HSAYUNHA. 87 


MAaHH, 8&KyTaHHhHe Bb Wapdh, Cb DOLHATHMH BOpOTHHKAaME 
TasIbTO—H MHS Kazasocb, ITO OHH IPAYYTCA He OTB xou0a, 
& OTh COCTpayzaHia, ITOOH He BHI'STA WM He CUHMATb MeHA, 
Korma A Oyy 3BaTb WX Ha NOMOUID... Takb OnyxXTaIb A . 0 
Beyepa, MOTOM BepHYJICA ,,IOMOH“, 8aBePHYICH Bb raseTHyw 
OyMary H Jerb. JlaMOepb He HOYEBAN OMA, Bb OYEHb XONOI- ° 
HHA HOU OHS KyNa-TO yxoqunb, a IOxeub ene He Npantiers. 
SI exarh Ch OTKPHTHMH TlasaMH WH CMOTPBIB Ha ManeHbRif 
CBBTIHNY 3IMNCHCh—BHXOI> Tpy6u. Bapyrb Bb Heli NoKasasica 
qepHn cunyoTb lOxena. ONB NomoMeNb KO MHB UM erb ps- 
OMb. Y HaCh AABHO yoKe Hayasoch lyxoe pasypaxenie 
APyrb UpoTuBh APyra—H A MPHTBOPHICA YTO CNAW, ITOOH 
He pasroBapuBaTb Cb HUMD. IOxenD ONTO GesnoKoHHO BOpo- 
yasica, GOPMOTAb ITO-TO CKBO3b 38Y6H, H A YYBCTBOBAIb, 4TO 
OHb HaCTpOeHb Kak'b-TO OCO6éHHO. 

Hakonellb, OHS DOAHAICA, CBIb H BAKES OLApOK'S, KOTO- 
pHi sBcerqa. Jexarb y Hach Bb yruy. Iloromb, yTO6H yO6b- 
JIHTECA, ITO CBBTb He pas6yAHTb MeHA, OH COPOCHNIb Wono- 
TOM: 

— Tu roupilles, toi—TH JPHXHelIb? 

Al we OTB BIAS. 

IInama cBBun OCBBIIaIO KpacHOBaTHMb CBBTOMB TObKO 
amuo wu pyku [Oxena oH HeOONbMI0e MpocTpaHcTBO BOKPyIb 
Hero, 38 KOTOPHMD Kakb OONaka Kpella MOcTenmeHHO Crymlaslacb 
TemHoTa. HW ka3aiocb, UTO 9Ta WepHaA TeMHOTa Bparxt7e6HO 
CTOPOKHIa Hach H XOTBIa COMKBYTLCA H BTAHYTH Bb Ce6A 9TO 
KOUTAUee MAJIeHbKoe WaMA Cb ero WpomRalluMd CBBTOMB... 

lOxeHB BHHYJIB 3b KapMaHa MAJICHbRIM aMcKift nopt- 
MOH9 H BHCHMAIb Ha JaqOHb BCe eFo COeEPHXHMOe: KIN, 
DATHPpaHKOByW MOHeETY H HBCKONBKO MBIHHXS cy. Llotoms 
B3Alb DATHPpPanHKoByH MOHeTY, pHOmM3sHIb ee Kb OFHD 
ONTO Ch HHTEPeCCOMb PasCMATPHBaANIb ee. JluuoO y Hero OHIO 
Kakoe-TO ocodeHHoe — Bos6yxfeHHOe HM OCMNCNeHHOe—H IIpH 
CBBrB CBBYH A OTIeETIMBO YBUAKIb BOKPyYb ero HorreH TOHKYN 
MONOCKY satiekmelica KpoBH... [loroMb OH CUPATANb WeHErA, 
NOTYMUN CBBIY HW CKOpO 3axpan' br. 

A He MOrh yxe 3acHyTb. OTa ClleHa B3BOJIHOBaa MeHS, 
H Moe cepae CHIbHO cTyIan0. Muh cTasO HeBHHOCHMO ocTa- 
BaTbCA Bb TeMHOTB, HAaecIUHS Cb ITUMS IENOBBKOMS, HW A OCTO- 
PORHO BHOpaicA W8b TYHHEA. 

Ha mocty ropBam kKpacHHe Ora H KpacHHMH 3HrsaraMy 
OTpaxkasIMCh Bb TeMHOH BOB. BL TYMAHb yxonuNb WBolnok 
PAKS YIHIHNXS ouapeh no o66 ctTopoun pbra. Bce cnano 
BORPyr'b, H TeMHHA MAaCCH JOMOBB TAKeNO HaBHCIA Hah 
BO]OW. 

Sl MONposoBadb 8aCHYTh Ha KOPTOUKAaX’, NOMOKXAB TONOBY 


88 A BEPHEP S&. 


H8 KOBHH, HO pB3Kid xoN0N> pas6yqHNb MCHA — A A CTATS 
XOMUTL, ITO6OH Corpbreca. Takh XOUWIb A YaCOBb AO ABYX>d 
HakoHelb, OFYTHICcaA Ha bombmAxb bypBapaxt. 

Oubch OHIO CBBTIO HM MYCTHHHO. fl ocTaHOBHJICA Ha MH- 
HYTY H& yy YAHUN—H BAPyr'h saMbTush, ITO Ha MCHA CMOT- 
PHTb Kakow-To o6opBanelb. OB CUpATayb pykH BB pykasa 
wyKaka WH BeCb TPACCA MeNKOH DApoxbw OT XoNona. JIuyo y 
Hero OHIO OWbAHOe, HOCH KpacHHh B riasza—kpacHbe B cie- 
saltieca. MW aTH ruasa CMOTPBAM H&A MeHA TAKB YOOPHO A BHE- 
MATeCJIbHO, ITO MH'B CTano cTpamHo. HW Bapyrb A DOHAIb, ITO 
CMOTPlO BB 3epkallo, KOTOPHMS YKpalleHH MpocrTBukwn MewRy 
MarasHHaMH. Cb TXB Dopb, kakb A CcTatb 6pok_srow—A Bb 
epBhHi pasb BULB, ce6A Bb BepKao u Telepb OHI Wopa- 
KeHb TepeMbHaMH, KOTOPHA Halies'b BE ce6b. Heyxenn y Mens 
TaKOH [paAsHHH, HesTOPOBHH UBBTS WHUa, Takia BNAIHA DRE, 
Takie YepHHe KpyrH OMB ruasamMn? 

Ai Towerb Jarbme. BHO WacoBb oKONO Tpexb. Bh ZomMaxs 
Be3ay'B Worach CBBTh, Bce yxXe Cato A TONbKO OKHa MIMKap- 
Haro HOUHOrO pecTopana rop bin ordaMH. PecTtopaub HaxouHsca 
Ha yray O6ysbBapa HW Depeyika — u A 3aMBIUJIb, ITO Ha Tpo- 
TyapB CTOANTb OONLMION WHAHKOBHIT AMUKb—Takb HashHBaeMoe 
»boite aux ordures*. Bb aTH AMMMKH KNalyTb KyXodHbe OTOpocH, 
KOTOPHe Bb UAT 4WaCOBh yTpa CoOupawTh MycopaHe 0603H 
YBO3ATb 38 ropoub. [or0ab cBepiuib MOH BHYTpesHOCcTH —H 
, CTaBb Ha KOWBHH Mepeab AWIUKOMb, Hadab KOUaTbCA Bb 
8006, AMWHOH CkOopjynb H KapTomesbHos Meryxb Bb waleaxys 
HaHTH XOTb KOpKy xubO6a. 

HM BApyrb 48h TeOMHOTH Depeyska MeIeHHO BHA Opo- 
yauasd co6aka—rpssHad, JOXMaTad, Ch NOAKATHMb XBOCTOMS 
pe6pamH, TOpyaBlIMMH OTB xyo6H. Ona Nyrauso Berishyaa 
Ha MeHA, Olfeplach JIavaMH O Kpaii AlUKa, 3acyHyla MOpIy 
Bb COpb H CTala KOUaTbCA Bb HEM’. Ona OKAasaaach CIACTAH- 
Bbe MeCHA—Halla Kakylo-TO KHIUKY, KOTOPyW, He KYA # 
WaBACh, KaAHO UpOrmoTHNa W CHOBA CTaI&a PHTbCA Bb MY- 
cops. 

Bb aTO BpeMA DBepb pecTopaha OTKPHIach, H OTTY 1a BH OIA 
TocnowqvHb 4 7B6 AaMH. JlaMH Bb OBINXb MBXOBHXD Mad- 
THIbAXb, Bh KPYKCBHHXS MNaTKkaxh Ha TONOBL, Cb WBAWMS 
OOTaKOMb KpacuBHXb 6bIHxb word. Locnoquyd BBE 6ecta- 
DIeMb WHIUHIpb, Ch MOHOKIeEMb Bb ria3sy, Bb BeENHKONbOHOH 
my6b, pacntaxHyToH Ha rpyoH Hab cBepkanmeH ObuusHoll 
MAaHUDIKOH... 

Buano 610, ITO OHM TONLKO YTO NoyXunaIN — OWI Ha- 
Becer'b WH rpomko cmbancb. HW Buab IenoBbka A COOaKi, PHB- 
MUXCA Bb ONHOH KYIB OTOPOCOBh, OYeHb CMYTHIB AX. Onn 
BAMOIIaIH MW OCTAHOBHINCh. A ToKe OHI CMYMEHS, ITO MEH 





HSJY THA. 89 


BACTAIH 3&8 TAKUMD 3aHATieM’d U WBMalb BUN, ITO He 3aMbiaw 
HXb. Tora OHA ReCHMIMHA CKasala WIOMOTOMB: 

— Bbauara! Docmotpa ga wero, Anau... A MW npoban 
3&8 YXHHOMS 300 paHKoBt... 

MyxxiHHa cibiarb ei 3Hakb 3aMOGaTb, OCTOPORHO, Ha 
OHMOUKaxb DoomMentb KO MAB HW CTaIb caalu. daTbMb TPH 
MOHETKH CKaTHJIMCh 10 MYCOpy Rb Moe pykK5... OyeBHLHO, 9TOTD 
AJIBIKH XOTBIS 3aCTaBHTh MCHA MOBBPHTb, ITO A Haledb MO- 
HeTH Bb Copy. . 

Korga & oriaHysica, BcB Tpoe yxe OHH Faneko. MyxaqnHa 
Tepsxalb Mob pyku ‘oObuxXb 2aMb WH DOANPHTuBATd, Kak 
6yITo TAaHLYA Ma3sypkKy, a TaMH OBxaH, HarHyBOIMCh H NOD- 
XBaTHB Bb OXalky cBou OBA WOKE. 

Jl NOWOMerb Kb POHapl, ITOOH pa3cMOTPBTb MOHETH. ITO 
OHM TYUROpH. Tp synnopa—60 dpaHkoBb—wUbs0e cocroauie!! 


VUL 


Tlocib 2ONruxh NOMCKOBB MH'B yaanoch, HaKOHeLb, HalTu 
MBCTO TOKapPA 10 MeTaJLIY Ha OJHOM’S aBTOMOOUJIBHOMb 38aBol'B 
BB ropoyzKs Cowpens, Bb oKpectHocTaxt llapuxa. paxtaye- 
CKid pa6oTH, KOTOPHMH A 3aHuMaicA Bb TexHuyecKoMb y4H- 
WMUIb, COCHYKHIM MHB CAyxXOy: A XOpOWO BHNONHUTS Npob- 
HY) paooTry H OHIb NpPHHATB Ha 2xXaloBaHie BB 15 cy Bb 
qacb win 7 pp. 50 Bh eH. 

Mactepckan, rob a pa6otao—cBbriaad uw MmpoctopHaa. Bch 
CTAHKH UPHBOZATCA Bb BuxKeHIie BUeKTPHIECTBOMD, OSTOMY 
HBTS HH YPOJJIMBHXb DIKHBOBb A BaJOBb, HH peMHel, clily- 
CRaNIIMXcA Cb oToIKa. UspasioBHi ob OeCTHTb, Kakb 
WapkeTb, H D0’ BHCOKUMb CTCKIAHHHMD MOTONKOMS WaphTb 
ogadoceHHad BIOBaA THOINHA; TOKO H3apbaka 3aBu3xKATD 
BEpPyrb KpPyroBad Ua WH 3106HO B8aKPHUHTb TOWNLEY 
KaMeHb, OKpYKeHHHH CHOMaMH APKHXb, KpacHHXxb ACKpt. 
JipbceTu cTaHKOBh CTOATS DpaBLIbHHMU PANAMA, OECTA CBOeEN 
HOJIMpOBaHHONW CTaIbW, U padodie, cOrHyBulieca nepel’b HHMH, 
RaxKYTCA MaJCHbKAMH IpwyaTkaMM MalMuAH. SyOyaTHA komeca, 
CMAZ8HHHA 3eCICHWMb MAaCJIOMb, BPallaNWTCA MeJIeHHO H 6e3- 
3BY4HO, YBJekKah KYCKH OpoHsH H 4yryHa, HW Clupasbaad 
CTPpyRKa CXOTHTh Ch JeTKUMb DypWiaviemb W HayaeTh Ha 
nosh. Pyka MalIMHaJIbHO DOBeEPTHBaeTh PyIKy cCyoopta; NOnb 
THXYNO OBCHB CTPyKKH MHCJb YHOCHTCH aleko, CHOBa 
IlepesKHBAeWIb CBOI HKH3Hb, HW BOCHOMHHAHIA—TO BeCeJIHA, TO 
rpycTHHA—BepeHuueH TAHYTCA BB rodovb... Ph3exb BAPyrs 
HavynHaeTh PHYATh — KallaeMIb Ha HerO MAUJIOMb WIA DYyckKa- 
eNIb CTPpy) MHJbHOH BOAH, Korga OH MAIHHAeTS Ip BTLCg; 

\ 





90 A BEPHEP 4. 


HJIH BHHUMaelllb ero MH HeCeIb TOUMTS. Y TOUANbHAO KaMBA 
yRe HXLYTh HBCKONDKO TOBApHIeH Bb TOTyOHXb NONOTHARHXD 
KOCTIOMAXb; 30bCb MaJIeHbKiA KIy6Ob, H BCB 6ONTANTS BIMON- 
Touroca, CIBAA 3& MACTEPOMb, KOTOPHH BOs8HTCA Bb CBOeH 3a- 
CTeKI6HHOH OyyomKb; Maiio---MpayHHi a He6pHTHi—coo6- 
maeTh, 4TO nocib BYepamineH ,,cuite*’ (BHMUBKH) y Hero 
,OONATS BOJOCH“. OPUaHb, CMBUIHOM WHOMIa Cb KPHBHM® Me- 
YOMb H ANIHHHHMDS JOWaHHWMb JIMWOMb, KPHBIAeTCA H Yo- 
JOCOMb WH 2XeCTaMH HepekpasuABaeTb MacTepa. ITOTh MATHMEH- 
HYTHNH OTIHXS OCBBARaeTh, H, OarodapA eMy, BpeMA ITPOXOMHTS 
6ucTpbe, H padoTa KameTca He TakOH MOHOTOHHOH. Ho BOTh 
HaKOHeIb, KOTMAa ONS NOKeCIKOH HadMHaeTb CoCcaTb H TOOBa 
CNerKa KPYRHTHCA OTH TONOTa,— paskaeTcA Takb ONTO wWWaH- 
Hout 12-yacoBoH rygoKb. Bceb, TOKO NO KOMaH, OCTAaHaBH- 
BaNTb CTAHKH, y BCBXb cpasy OechHeTb CHHAA UCKpPa BB BH- 
KumuaTerb MoTOpa, H Cpasy BCe 8aMpeTb Bb MacTepcKoH. Mu 
TOPONIHBO BHXOMUMD 3b 3aH, TOMMMMCA Bb Y38KOMb KOpH- 
nopb, MpoxoquMb WupoKit ABOph H BHCHMaeMb Ha YJAHIY, 
HeTepIrbIHBOH rooOHOH ToANOwW. Ha ABCKONBKO MHHYTS COHBHA 
YIHUH HanONHAWTCA FyIKAMb TOMOTOMD Halldxh MOAKOBaHEN Xd 
TBO3JAMH OalIMaKOBd, NOTOMD BCe 3aMOJIKaeTh, H padowie pacxo- 
JATCH 10 OKPeCTHHMDB KadaakaMb W pecTopabaM. 

Sl cb HBCKONBKHMH TOBAPAWAaMH BCerfa XOMUMb Kb ,OTOY 
sKupo*. Y Bxola 3ybCb CTOUTS OnecTamili VHHKOBHA OpHAaBORs, 
YCTaBJICHHHA OYTHAKaMH H CHOHaMH, a 3a TPHIaBKOMb Camb 
XO3NHHD 6e3b DnRaka Bb CuHeMb (apTyxs, TocTHt Hw BaR- 
HHH. Bb pecTopaHb HBCKONbKO CTONOBb, Ha KOTOPHXb yme 
pascTaBleHH 6e3% CKaTepTH TapeIKH, JIHHAHeE XJIBOH H Oy- 
THIKM Cb KP&aCHWNMb BUHOM'’b. MH CaqHMCA 38 CTO ToOOMHHe 
‘H MpadwHHe, HO NocIb O6nw7a Halle o3m0bneHie UpoxoquTh, 4 
BCB HAadHHAaANTh DIYTHTb HW cMBATECA. [logaerb cama ,Mams* 
sKupo, Becelan, kKpacHonlekad HOPMaHKa; OHA OHCTpO XOZUTb 
MeX]Y CTONOBb Ch TpyHoH TapeuoRb Ha PyKAaxb, pasHOCHTh 
KyWaHbe, yOupaeTh NOcyAy, YBEPTHBaeTCA OTh NPOTATHBACMHXh 
ei OOBATIH, Minenaerb 10 rouOBh CIMDIKOMS UpeanpidMIHBHXB 
H ycubeaeTb OTBBYAT HA DLYTKH, Cb KOTOPHMA OOpamlawTca 
Kb Hef CO BUBXB CTOpoHD. 

Mu bauMt ,ordinaire“, tT. e. 6y bon Cb TOBAAHHOH, 606H 
H CHP, HW 3allwBaeMb KpaCHHMb BHUHOM’D Cb BOOW; Bb 3akJN- 
yeHle ObeMb Koe H38b BHCOKUXD Y3kKUX'b CTAKaHOBh, H ,pousse- 
café*—plOMKY KOHbSKY WIM Kupmy. Takoh o6bab o6xonaTca 
HaMb oKon0 24 cy. Ilocnub o6bya MH ONTO elle CHAMMb 38 
CTOJOMB Cb UPIATHHNMD OMyUieHieMb CHTOCTH HW TeNOTH BO 
BceMb ThIB. [lomunne padovie ArpawTh Bb KapTH TyTb xe 
MeaxKY OYTHIKaMH HW IpABHHMH T2pedKaMy, & MOWOTexKb CHOpuTb 
O NOUMTHES MM pyraeTb aMuHUCTpallilo saposa. 





H8AY4HHA. 91 


Ecum 0 wacoBoro rygka ocTaeTCA elle MHOro BpeMeHH, MH 
BHXOQUMb Ha HaGdepexHyW, CaqHMCA Ha OpeBHa H CMOTPUMD 
Kakb IJIbBeTb Boa MHMO HH3KHXD 3eJleHHXb OeperoBb HW MOp- 
IWHTCA NPOTUBB ycroeBb MocTa. Y Apyroro 6epera kKayaeTca 
CTapHHHOe CYIHO, Bpowb KapaBerb Kosym6a; y wero BHOYKIHE 
60Ka, Ha HOCY s0N0TOTpyqai cupeHa Cb PHOBUMb XBOCTOMB 
H TPH MauTH Cb apycaMyu, KpacwBo Dos06paHuHMH Kb pesMb. 
MH MOJGa CMOTPHMB H& STO CYTHO, HerO BUDS BH3HBaeTh BS 
HAaCh TOCKY 10 HyTellecTBiaMb H OpogAyel, cBOboTHO xKHaHE. 

Ho BoTb, YacoBOH TyNOKb; MH BOsBpallaeMCA Ha 3aB0Lb H 
CTAaHOBHMCA CHOB&a Y CBOHX'S cTankoBs. [loch o6bya MoHOTOH- 
HOCTh padoTH HeMHOrTO OpepwBaeTcaA DOCbOeHiAMH aMUuHu- 
CTpallin, akuioHepaMH H Jake KMeHTaMH, KOTOPHM®S 10Ka3H- 
BawTp saBodb. I[poxoquTs ,Haulb BUKOHTS“ — administrateur 
delegué, cb Jlaqiopo, MacTepoMsB Halero oTsbuenia. Jlamopo,— 
MaJIeHbKIH, TONCTHA, Cb OarpoBHMB JIMLOMb H 3alJHBUMMy 
TNasaMa; OHS OWKTH BL ObAyw Onyay cpepxdb cwpryka, ObKUTS 
PAH0Mb Ch BHKOHTOMD H WaeTh CMY OOLACHEHIA TOHKUM'S 3aHC- 
KHBaWINEM' rou0com’b. BAKOHTb— OrpOMHHH, BUCOKIA KpacaBelys, 
yxe Cb UPOChALN, UeTh OHCTPHMH WMaraMu, JOBOIbHHA BCBMS, 
H TOUbKO cTapaeTcA CBOHMA BONpocaMH—4acTo He BHONagb— 
WOKasaTb, YTO OHS MOHMMACTE KOC-4TO BD TEXHHKS. [[poxogurs, 
Kpalyuuch, Kakb JMCa, AMpekTopb s3aBnozqa—DuyIIMoapdb, Bb 
WBIHHIpb, Ch ReTHMb, YHHJHMb HW AHUeCMBPHHME JIMMOM, 
H MH BCB Cb HeUplasHbW CMOTPHM® Ha HELO, NOTOMY ATO 3HaeMh 
4TO OHS BOP, H eFO NOCTOAHHAA 3a60T2—CB9IKOHOMATL Ha KOMS 
HJ Ha YeMb-HHOyAb, H AeHbTH DOMORUTD ceOb Bb KapMaHs. 
Y Hero ABB AOVepH, Taki ke DHHHHA, TOMA HW RMeNTONMUNA, 
Kakb OHb CaMb H; YTOOH UPUCTPOUT AXd, HeEOOXOAMMO NpHuaH- 
Hoe—H DuIINNapb Cb yTpa AO Betepa IPHBOPOBHBaeTDh 110 
@panky, n0 10 cy, 6epeTb BeATKH Cb MACTepOBL HW TONyIaerh 
KOMMHCCIH CO BCBXS DOCTaBUIBKOBb, ITOOH DWockopbe CKONATS 
@TO UpHzanoe. BpeMaA oTb BpeMeHH, Kakb 60MOa, BHeTAeTD 
H3‘b YepTeRXHOW HAallb HAKeHEpd TbeppyH; OH’ BONATS pascTpoen- 
HHMB PoJ0coM: ,Jlamiwopo! BH onaTb wharaeTe KapOiwpaToph He 
To Yeptexy!* JIaqiopo noz6braeTh Kb HeMY OHCTPO, HaCKONbKO 
WO3BOIANWTh CMY KOPOTKIA HOrA 4M Tpyshoe OpwuiKo, H OHH BMbeTS 
HAaTHHaWTh BHMBPATH kap6wpatTopd, Np YM’ OKasHBaeTCA ITO 
camb TheppH Cabal oMlHOKy Bb depTexsb, A CKOHDYReHAHH, OHB 
YXOJUTb BL epTexHylo. OTOTS Theppu upexse CTpoHIb MOCTH 
HW 00 NpoTekuiH Nonatb Ha HAllI'b 38B0b; aBTOMOOuIeH ON'b 
COBepmIeHHO He NOHUMaeTH H AHIAeTh OMAOKH 3a OMIMOKaMH, 
H3b-38 KOTOPHXD 3aB0Ub TepseTh Unoraa coTad THCATS. JI'bI0 
COBepmeHHO ero He HHTepecyeTh, HM ero TOOBa saHATA A PyTuMB: 
OHS RUBETS Ch ABBBCTHOW ,Mome Fromage“, koTopad TAaHLy eTh 
Bb Moulin Rouge Takb HasHBaeMyW ,peaMCTHIeCKyO KANpHIb“, 


92 _ A BEPHEPS, 


H OUPASTA FO IHOOBHALH CE APYIUMH ,APTHCTKaME* NOrI0MmawTb 
BCB YMeBHHA CHIH Hallero HHxKeHepa. ° 

Bropad NOJ0BHHa HA QHHABbe MW YTOMIAeTS OoNbile, Tbh 
rrepBad. llocrbayie wach TAHYTCAa yOidcTBeHHO MeAIeHHO; CHHHY 
HATHAaCTH JIOMUTb, HOH OTeEKANWTh OTd AONraro cTosHia, rasa 
YCTAaloTh CMOTPbTb Ha padoTy, KoTOpad Bce BepTHTCA, BepTHTCs, 
HM KaxkeTca, ITO OoNbIlie CThHHHe YaCH Hab ABepbW 3AackH- 
WalwTh HW He DepelBaraWTh ctpbro0Ks... Ho BoTb paasaeTca N0- 
CUBAN TYHOKb; B3ILparHBaeMbOTh pawocTHaro YYBCTBAa OCBO- 
GoxneHia; BCB ONCTpo, Ha xXony, O”bBawWTCA, CMbmUBAaNTCA 
Bh OXHBICHHYH, FOBOPIHByW KyTy—u BHOBrawTh 3a BOpoTa. 
OHH CayaATcaA Ha BeNOCHneAH H yBaxanTb DoMoH; zpyrie yxo- 
WATS HONS PYKY Cb CBOHMH AKBYWKAaMH, KOTOPHA NOK TaIH 
Xd y 3a60pa, & OOJbIMIMHCTBO Bb OAHHOIKY pasOpexaetca 00 TeM- 
HHMb, y3KHMb DepeykaMt. YAIHOH HW Doman Ha MMHYTY 
OKHBIANWTCA H CKOPO CHOBS DYCTANTD; Bb OKHAXb 3aropawTca 
KelTHe OHH, H H8b-88 TONYOTKPHTHXh WBepeli KkKadaqkKoBh 
CIHINHTCA CMBXB WH DYMD CiOPAIAX’d FONOCOBE... 


IX. 


Si 38HHMAN MAJICHBKYIO KOMHATY BB YocTHHHh WIA paco- 
GHXB; Bh HeM CTOHUTb KpOBaTb Cb PHXIOH nepHHoK BM‘BCTO 
OnbaAta, CTO WH YMHBAJIbHUK'b. Bh KOMHATB Takb frouo H He- 
IpiWTHO, Bb ANHHHOMD NOJYTeMHOMB KOpHAOph Takb ycTo 
H TOCKIUBO, YTO A BaXOHY fMoMol TOABKO Mepeow'bTbca WH HO- 
yepaTh. Beyepa A UpoBoxXy Bb kKada, ryb 3a MecTh CY MORHO 
BHOWTb wllky kode, NocuAbTS BB TenN'b u cBSTS H WpovecTh 
HBCKOIbKO PraserTs. 

Bb OyqHH 3n'bcb COHHOe apcTBO. Y uyryHHOH NeyKu o- 
cpeqH KOMHAaTH ApeMJeTh XxUPHHH KOTh, Bb Ty, PHRYPHYBS 
Ha CTYIB, COMTb eCUHCTBeEHHHY rapconb. Ha BosBHMesin 3a 
KOHTOPKOM CHIHTb XO8ANKa—HeNOTBAKHAA HW BeMyYeCTBeHHAaA, 
Cb ycaMH H TPOHHHME DOSopockomt; COHHAaA XU3Hb IYTb Te- 
IIHTCA Bh eA OFPOMHOMD Th, DWadaWuleMb OTb Wier 6e3- 
(OpMCHHHMM MATKHMH Kackayamu. Y oKkHa HIpaWTh HeCKOH- 
yaeMyl NapTiO Bb ,OKapb“ yerHpe cTapHikKa—MBCTHHe KOM- 
MepcaHTH; OHH Chane, JHCHe, UXb PyKH WpoxaTs, Coapaa 
KapTH, H IpH yaiHoMh xowB on CMBNTCA ClaOHMb, 6easy- 
OHM CTAaPYeCKHMh CMBXOM*. 

Ho 0 BOCKpeceHbAMD CHa coOnpaWTcA MONOAHe pabotTie— 
H cpasy HalodHAWTb KOMHaTy DIYMOMb, BeC@JIHMH DIyTKaMH H 
SaOPHHMH CHopamMu o Oynyulem’b. UHH OPHXOZATh BB BOCKpec- 
HOME O1aTbb, Bb KOTeIKAXh, UNLKAKaXb WH KpaXMANbEWXD Co- 
poukaxh; 1aTbe CHIHTb Ha HUXDd HeyKIORKe, HO Bb HEM OHM 











H34) WHA. 93 


YYBCTBYWTb ce6a yBbpenube uw pasBasatbe, YhMb BS NONOTHA- 
HHXb Osy3axb. ToBapHula 8aHHMaWTb JBa-TpM CToONa, CIBH- 
HYTHXD BMbcTS — H CKOPO Ha KaKDOMDb OOpasyetca nO cTon- 
OHKY BOHIOUANXb KPYXKOBB, KOTOPHe yYKa3hHBawWT Ha 4ACI0 
BHOMTHXD KpyxkeKb. CuHayasa BCb rpoMKO TONKYNTS O TyCTA- 
Kaxb, Ha0HBaWTh TPyOKH H KPYTATS DalupocH usb KyneH- 
Haro Bb CKaqynAy Tadaka, HO MOHeEMHOry 3aTArMBaeTCA COOpt, 
OCO6eHHO, CCIM DIPHCYTCTBYNTS CanomHeBRD sia w paso Ha- 
mero sapona Bwxo. | 

JHia H BwOKS MONHaA MpOTHBONONOKHOCTH APyrb Apyry. 
sKia—kpacHBHii 6pWHueTb, xXaHHAD, 13b Ilepnansana. boka— 
CBBepAHHES, u38b Appacca, PoAHHN PoGecibepa; onb On0H- 
WUHb Cb 6ONB3HCHHHMD IHLOMb H NOCTOAHHOK MpomHuecKon 
YIHOKOH Ha TOHKAXS 61b7HHXD ry6axb. Mia roBopuTs kpa- 
CHBO H HeMHOTFO Oe3TOJIKOBO, Cb CHIBHHM' ORHHM'D AKICATOMS, 
H TOHS eroronoca ropayil w BuOpupywmis. boKa—xon0eHb H 
JOTHeHb, TOBOPHTb YMHO HM CYXO, H UpesupaerTs KpacHopsiie. 
sKia —03Tb H HNOCOpd, DoAyMaBwitics, BkowayHBad 1B03- 
2H Bb OaliMaku, 20 cBoeH coé6cTBeHHOH TYMaHHOH aHapxu- 
WecKoH Teopiv; ero HHTePpeCYNTS TONLKO BONPOCH oO cBO6OS H 
CYacthsb OTABABHOH amaHOCTH. Boks xe coniaiucTb, OH 3a- 
HATH BONpPOCOMS 063 Opranusallin OOmecTBa, u° BC'S ero Baer 
BHpadoTaHH He HMB CaMUMb, & APyTuMA, Oowbe cHIbHHMH 
MOSTaMH H UpelcTaBlAwWTb cTpoiHyNW Teopiv, upexBUAAMLyw 
BcB Bospaxenia. shia MpocToO w3Naradb CBOM MHC, KOTOPHA 
IIPOXOAATS Yepesb ero TONOBY, He 8a60TACh O AOKAZAaTeMbCTBAX'D. 
Bwks Xe—HCKYCHHA DialeKTuKb, H NOTOMY BCB padoyie xora 
H cuymanTb sKia Cb YAOBONECTBIeEMb, HO TPHHyweHH Bb 
KOHIVB KOHDOBS COrmawathcea cb Bw. . 

HaynnaeTb oOO6nKBOBeHHO Jia. Ob NMORHHMAeT TONOBY 
Hab ra3zeTow, efoO raza saxxvraWTCA WMOPOMb, H OH pascka- 
3HBaeTh HAaMb KaKOH-HHOYb TONbKO ITO BHYHTAHHHH aks. 
HW oTroro, 4TO H3antaraeTh OHb CFO H&HBHHMY, YMHUOIIeCHHO- 
IIPOCTHMHA COBaMH—ero PasCKash KaKeTCA 80H KappukKaTypoH. 
IlonemMHOrTy OBB yBlekaeTcsH, H TOrga WocTaeTcA BCeMy — H 
6upa'b, u apMiv, H CyAy, H HapmameHTy. My cmbemca, a Boke 
KOPOTKHAMH BOMpocaMu, Kakb KOGeraph Bb Me yb, HOMOPAachBaeTh 
eMy HeBHHK MaTepialb TIA Mapy. 

— Yo ,onn“ Mab BHInO Tpy6aTh Upo cBob6ony!—KHIATHTCA 
Kia, yuapsa Kyuakomsb no raserb.—lopopars, uT0 Halld AAW 
B3aH bacturi w L0O6HInCb CBO6OAH...sHera'b OM A 8HATb, Pb 9aTa 
cBo6O71a IA MCHA, HANPUMSpst, Kora A WHIWK DeHb sallepThb BB 
cpoel OynouKb, UpHkoBaHb Kb TadypeTy H yMpy Tomo0qHOH 
CMEPTHW, KaKb TOUbKO BHIYILy H8b PYKb CBO CaloseHHH HOR! 
Vous autres sociolos (BH, COUianHCTH) OObmjaeTe, ITO CCH YCTPOMTh 
yo-BameMy, TO 1y¥mMe 6yneTs. A A AyMan—HuIero He HEWh- 


94 A BEPHEP 


HaTCA. ThMB COKH be RASH, THM OONLMC Y8b HA TOBE. 
['naBHoe 30 Ha CBBTB—sto pasybuenie tpyna. YenoBbr® Jor- 
XKeHb WbIaTb CaM’ JA ce6H BCe, ITO CMY HYXKHO, & WOKA STO 
He OyneTh—He OyneTb y Hero HH CBOOOAH, HH CIACTbhH. 

— IlpH Yemb TYTb pasrbuenie Tpyza?—TroBOpeTb MOH TOB 
pHurs to Mactepckol L[lneneph, HeTeprrbunBo oxwMaAA We 
WaMu. 

— A Ip TOMb, ITO A CBAZaHb Cb APY'HM H 3aBH IY OTS 
Hux... H emje TO—4TO @ He MOry JINOHTS CBOH yakif, OAHO- 
o6pa3sHW Tpyab. Ji BenaBukty WH CBOW 6yoTKy, HTB DOAOMBH, 
KOTOPHA 4 IPHOIABAN, H 8AKAasIUKOBb, KOTOPHE 8aCTaBIANTs 
MeHA H380 JHA BB eHb BCH RH3Hb NOYWHATS canora. Tpym 
NONKeUD OUTS pashHoob6pasHHMbHA YBJeKaTeJIbLHH Mb, Kak’b CHOPTs, 
OHb JOJKeCHb WPaBHAbHO PasBUBaTb BCB MYCKYJIH H yMB, a 
He KabuHTb YeOBbKa, Kakb Tellepb, TOpOuTh eMY CIABHY, 
BUAaBINBaTh eMy rpyab. My BCH AONKXHH KHTb Bb WOHAXS ¥ 
3aHHMAaTbCA 8AOPOBHMh TPyYN0OMb, & Hala peMeceHHad pasoTa— 
9TO O0HO Hakasasnie... TH Bu6nilo WTasrb? 

— Hbrs,—rospopuTs mpesputenbuo Llaszeph,—npennow- 
Tal0 YATaTb Buxtropa [wro ain xoTb dona. 

— Hanpacno. 9To xopomaa, Myapasa KHura. 3, BB, wb 
ryreHOTCKoH CeMbH; y MeHA eCTb CTapHHHad Takad, ceMmeHHad 
bu6nia, ee IATA HOTELS, H WHA} MOU, H, DOIXHO OHTH, Ope 
Abub— BCB HCKaIH Bb Heh Mygpoctu. WH a cams, Korma xXovy 
IIOHATh HAY COBPpeMe€HHYN 2H3Hb, YHTAW 9TY KABTY, H ofa 
MHOoroe MHB OObACcHHeTS... Takb BOTh TaM’b pascKashiBaercs 
npo Kauna. IIpoknant Borb Kanna 3a yOitictBo 6para—anpo- 
KIANb TBMb, ITO OTHANL Y Hero 8EMIN, KOTOPyH TOTb Bosyxt- 
IHBaIb. ,HOrga TH Oyelih BOs BINBaTh 3CMID, He cTanens 
OHa O6ONbOMIe TWaBaTb CBOeCH CHIH aa Teb6A“. 

A Kanu ropopuTb:—,Tocnogu, Hakasanie Moe Ooubae, TBM 
MORHO BHHECTH“. BoTh OHO—Upokatie Kanna: seMIa He pane 
KOPMHTb ero, & JOUKCHb OHS KOPMATECA peMeECIOML OTE Ih- 
nef. Borb Kannb a u306pbraerh pasybuenie Tpyaa; OH wer> 
HM CTPOHTh zopodse—nepBHH Tropon> Ha 3emMrb. UH Bb STOMD Io- 
pou’ NOTOMCTBO ero 3aHHMaeTCH BCAKMUMH peMeClaMH —— saoaB- 
JHCTh Je, XHBYDIMXD OT 3eMIH, HIpow Ha LYCHAX E 
CBUpbuu, KyeTh AA HUXD OpyHiA “3b MBM H xMeThsa, DIbeTS 
HMB Calloryu, Kakb A, WH CTPOMTb UMS AaBTOMOOHIM, KAaKb BH.— 
Beb Mu, padovie H peMeCJIeHHHKH—DOTOMKH Kanna, H HestBTS 
Ha HaCh KavHOBa De4atb... 

— Bce oto Takb,—upepnyBaeTb ero BWK9, XHTPO NOMMHTE- 
Bad HaMb,—TOIbKO 6e3b pasybiexia Tpyza WAM y Te6a CoBep- 
meHHo onuyanrs. H elle pzpyroe: Tako cTpoH, MomeTb 6nT, 
MH BO3MOxKeHH, KOra WOAeH Ha seMI'B Mao — Ii'b-HHOYAB BS 
Kanagb win Bb Apu, 4 TO He 3Hal0, BOSMOKeHE ww... A 








HSIY4EHA. 95 
‘\ 


Yro6H MPOKOPMHTS BCBXdS JWAe, HalpumMbps, Bo Dpaunin, 
HYXHH H pashble IJNYru, H ACKYCCTBEHHHA yHoOpeHisn, H Mao 1H 
4TO—4TO me, TH BCe 9TO Oyemb paOpuKoBaTS | Camb, CHA Ha 
CBOeCM'b KOIKE BeMJIH? 

JHia HAaIMnaeTh OOLACHATA CBOW CHCTeEMY — H OFeHb yBne- 
Kaetca. Tenepb, KOrga OH OXMBICHS — OHS TOMOKLTCILHO 
KpacuBb Cb ero CBPHMH [lasaMB, Cb KpacHo-yepHow Oopos- 
KOH 4 OBAHMB BHCOKUMD JIOOMb Cb NOLBHRXHOW kKoxeH. Topo- 
aCb H HEMHOrO IlyTascb, OHb Ch RAPOMb HBMaraeTh CBOU 
JMOXMHA MECH WH MCUTH, KOTOPHA MOCTOSHHO OCAaRTAaNTD ero, 
KOrga OHb padotTaers. 

Tio ero MHBHIN, OONIZHH OIHXHH OOMBHUBATBCA Mey 
co6oW mpouspeyzeHiaMH CBoero Tpyfa. OOmmHAa MOxKeTE crenia- 
JMB3HPOBaTbCA H& OHOMb KaKOMb-HHOyAb DponyKTb — Buys, 
OJHBKaXb, TIHHAHWXb Us bIiAXb — HO YeNOBBKS OMENS 
YMBIb WbUaTb BCe H MepeXOAUTb CB MBcTa Ha MBeTO. Torga 
TONBKO JHYHOCTh MOKETHh DIAPOKO pasBATbCA H cy'bulaTbCa 
BOOIHB cBo6oaHOH. 

— Bb crapauy,—rosopuab sKia,—6H1b y Hach TakoH 06n- 
qa: MOJO2Ne€ peMeCIIeHHHKH (HXb 38Banu TOorma—compagnons 
de tour de France)—crTolaph, KaMeHIIHKH, opyxeliauKu—o6xo- 
quaH BCB ropoma H cena Dpanuiv. Besyb wxb UpwHuMalHu 
MBCTHHe TeX, OTBOIHIH MMB KBapTUpy, KOPMHAM UXb H Ma- 
BadH BMb padoty. CyactauBoe 6H0 Ta HAxb BpemMa! XonMa 
Cb MBCTa Ha MBCTO, BULB CBBYb, 3HAKOMBIUCh Cb pasHHMi 
WOXbMH WH HAaydasIHCbh MHOTOMY TaKOMY, Yero HHKOra BS KHBHH 
HeIb3d OHNO yaHaTh, CHaa Ha MBCTB... OTGero OH He YCTPOHTb 
Toro me Wa Bee CTpaHH H AA BCAKaro Tpyna? [Ipuzems, 
HalpuMBph, Bb AepeBHW:—,,Hakaa y Bach, OpaTuW, Cceliqach 
pa6ota?*—,,CbHO KOCHMb; BOTS TeOB koca, CTAHOBHCh Cb HaMu“. 
Pa6otTaellb Cb HHMH, BeYepOMb YRHHACIIb, ClyMaellb AXb 
pascKkasH H CaM pascKashBacillb, ITO BUBB. Pabota Kon TeHA, 
chao CKoDIeHO 4 CO6paHO Bb CTOrH — G6epelllb CBOW Maky u 
WBOIOKS, WpomaelibcaA Cb HOBHMH Apy3bAMa (OHH yXE HabHIH 
TBOM MBIIOKb BCHKMMH UpwiacaMa Ha jopory!) A yxouHnIb. 
Hnems 60npo H BeceslO, Ch ACrKHMb CepaueMb, MoTOMy 4TO 
CHOKOeHS 388 B8aBTpallHili JeHb H 3HaeDIb, ITO Bb CcocbaHet 
HepeBab Haliyemb yxuHb Hw padoty. lo noporsb py6ums Je- 
peBbaA Cb ApoBocbeamu, rpeOemb Ha OapKach cb pHOakaMu 
pascTHJaellb HAa MOPCKOMS eckb CBTb 4 YHHHMb ee... Ayellb 
Jadtbile—Bb rdpaxh NoOroHserTh Te6a AECATORS MONOANXS open. 
—,.[H Kyta?“—copamuBanrb. —, Ja BOTb, xody ry‘b-HHOyAb 
nopadotath*. —,Unu cb HaMH—TaMb, Bb AONHHB Telleph cobau- 
panoTb x66“. Ujemh; upHxoquMb Ha paooTy, Kakb Ha Opasy- 
HMKb, Cb DLyTKaMH, IBCHAMH, CO CMBXOMb. Y BxXOa Bb Je- 
peBHwO HACh BCTPbiawTh ABsyOIKH, (CBOH-TO KaBaleph yxe 


96 A BEPHEP b. 


Hajobiu!) cubwTcs, saqupadTh, 6pocaWTh BB Hach opbxoBoe 
CKOpJynon. CraHoBuMca Ha paooTy, Wlerousemb Neperb TbBYI- 
kama cBoeH cun0H, colepHuqaemb pyi’h Cb APyroMs, KTO 
Gombe ycirbeTh Bb TeHb xNh6a CKOCUTb, & BeYepoM>, NOCcIS 
YXHHA, MYSHKAHTH HTpaWTb ONb OOILMIMMB epewoMb Ha 
HIOMaiw, H MH TAaHWyeMb 20 noszHeli Hou... Hy, pasymberca, 
TaKb He BCKH RABHb CTPAHCTBOBATL: Bb KOHI'S KOHNOBb BCTP'B- 
THIIb KakYW-HHOYAb WbBYMIKY Ho cepAuy, NoupaBuTca OowbOIe 
ApPyrax® kakce-Hu6yab Whio—n ocnyellibca Ha OMHOME MBCTS 
yO camoH cTapocrTu... 

JKia ene NONTO TOBOpHTh Bb STOMb powb—H MH BCh—XOTA 
H 8HaeMb, ITO BCe 9TO TOJBKO HeCOHTOUHHA MeITAHIA—CIy- 
MaeMb eFO Cb YOBONLCTBieMb, MOTOMY ITO BCH MH HeHaBH- 
UM CBOW paooTy M YTOMIeHHW ofHoobpasieMb cBOoeH AXHSHH. 
Jiaxe COHHHM Lrapcout, cb cardeTKoH NOAMHINIKOH, Moaxo- 
JUTb Kb HaMb H KANHO CHyMAaeTh Cb OTKPHTHMD PTOMb, KAKS 
KakyW-TO BONMe6HYW cKasky, pascyamenie sHia. HW rorga bios 
HAYHHAeTS TOBOPHTb, HAM CTAaHOBHTCH MocaqHO, Kakb OYTO 
Y HACh H& IasAaxb JIOMANWTh XPyUKYW, XoOpomleHbKyW Be- 

Bnpoyems, Bors ropopaTh He MHOTO. OHS salaeTh HB- 
CKONBKO BOMpOCOBh, TpesyeTb, ITO6H /Kia KOHKpeTHBe 0ObAC- 
HHS OpranHsalliw cBoero oOulectBa H JKia HaiuHaeTh UYTaTbca, 
(aHTasHpOBaTh, OOHAPYRHBACT Takoe HeNOHHMAHle KA8HH H 
Takoe IpeyBeuHyeHHO-xopomiee UpencTaBleHie © MHYHOCTH, ITO 
CKopo ero Teopia pascbusaeTca, KaKb OHM, H BCB padodie 
HaIWHaWTh AOOpoxyMHO MOATPYHUBAaTb Hab Hew. 

PacwHCTHBS TAaKuMd OOpasomb nowy, BWKS HAIMHAeTS pas- 
BHBATS CBO B3TAAIH HW puCyeTb Hepeyb HAMM CBOH COOCTBeH- 
HHA HepcuerTuBH. Byb OH OoubUIe XYTOKHUKS BW CyMbH 
OH Apie HapHCOBAaTh DOApoOHocTH cBoe KapTuHH, padouie 
HaBbpHO IPHHAIH OH ero CIOBa Ch BATy3iasMOMb, MOTOMY ATO 
aTH DepchekTHBH, J bicTBATeTBHO, rpausiosHy. KH» comarbuin, 
TOBOpHTS OH CYXO H CRYWHO H MaNO yBIeKaeTh TOBAapAMed, 
KOTOPHE TOJIbKO XONONHO COrmamlaoTcA Cb HAM’, FTO, ,,1Oma- 
uy, H BUpaBAy HeTL Kb STOMY”. 

Korga MH pacXoqMMca 110 OMaMB, Wd Hach OHO HCHO 
“3b STOO CHopa—osTo TO, ITO 06a OHH—H dKia, H bwKa—pac- 
IpocTpasawrs Ha Bech Mipd ycNoBia coOcTBeHHarO TPyAe. sKhia— 
un gnaff—canomHuRb, 3a8HHMaNMlilica MOUMBKON, On Bceryza pa- 
GoTaeTh O1UH'D, He HYRMAeTCA HH BH UbeH MOMOMM—H MOTOMY HE 
UIpHsHaerb HH pas buienia TpyAa, HH Kakow-1u60 opranusanix. To 
ero Healy Kam ieloBbKb—Hs01MpoBanHad OTb Apyruxh Mpo- 
6uHKa, KOTOPaA MOxeTH CBOOOMHO TepeKaTHBaTECca Cpenu Apy- 
TuXb TakHXS xe ApoounoKs. Bwke-me — PabpHinHl pado- 
, Tit; Ha Halle saBor'b ond padoTaerh ODHY W Ty Re KpollewHyw 











H33YUMHA. 97 


YacTh MOTOPa HW 3HaAeTh, ITO AJA MOCTPOHKH BCero ABTOMOOHIA 
HYRHH COrmacHHa ycuuid THCAYM paboyHxb. Oud BHaeTdb, ITO 
AIA ero padoTH HY2KeHD CORAL H DOporoh cTaHoK'b, UPHBO- 
AUMHI Bb WBuReHle XICKTPHUeCTBOMb,—T. €. OTPOMHHMH Malln- 
HaMH, KOTWaMH H reHepaTopaMH. OH 3Haerb Take, YTO eLro 
aapaOoTOKb MBHAeTCA OTB COCTOAHIA PHHKAa, OTB MHOCTPAaHHofi 
KOHKYypeHiliH, axe OTTOrO, 4TO y’b-TO Ha Kpal cBbTa ABS 
apMiH Depytca Memizy co6on... [lonatHo, ro Bikes 4yBcTByeTb 
ce6A WacTbO OrpoMuHaro uo'buaro, H ero NpeAcTaBNeniA HOCATS 
IMpoKi# oOpranusaTopcKin XapaktTep's. 


(Ipodonscente carmdyemr). — 


OEJYKA. 


BuctTpo cilyckaeTca HOUb, 
Bypuoe Mope, WyMATS; 
Bb MOpB 3a rpaHbW BaloBb 
TuHxo deslyka CKOUb3HTS. 
Canmutea whcna Ha Hel: 
»CNHHb nH? Tpocnuca cropbi! 
Mbcanb HCVe3b BE 061aKax'd,— 
JKOM Ha UpHOpexHHXb KaMAAX'. 
Houb 6e35 pocebta TeMua, 
Crpaxa ycTalaa CMTS; 
TpycoBb Mor0THTb BOJHA, 
CmBinxb U Oypa XpaHHTs. 
TeMHad HOUb HaMb CPowHu: 
Bb Mopb MaaququMb MH HH, 
HowbW Kb seMIb OpOCkoNbsHeMb,— 
MH KOHTpabaHay BeseMs. 
Conmb uu?“—Bb OTBBTS OroHekb 
BCOHXHYIb Ha CKalaxb KPyTHX, 
A wa denyxb samMouKkh 

Tonoch cpedb UlYMOBb HOUWHHXS. 
Jlonka Kb enyKb cKONEBUTS, 
Crpama ycTaitaa CUMTD... 
bbetcsd Bb OypyHaxb BONA, 
Hoy, 6e35 mpocebra TemHa! 

A. Tyay6vesr. 


eppanb. Ornbar I. 7 


Usb UCTOPIN ABOPAHCKON pean. 


I. 


Bs ctratsb «Ypoka ucropin» *) a nonpob6oBaarb oxapakTepH30BaTb 
NOAHTHYSCKYIO cTOpOHY @paskuysckoH ABopsHcKOH peakmia 20-xb ro- 
JOBb HW TepMaHCKoH ABOpsHcKOH peaknin 5O0-xb YroxjOBb NpoOmaAaro 
Bbra. Bb HacTosmef cTaTbb MA‘ XOTb10Ccb Ob OCTAHOBUTBCA HA CO- 
iaibHok cropou'’b Toh peakoiv, T. e€. r1aBHHMb-TO 06pa3s0Mb Ha 00- 
AMTHES, KOTOPYlO NPHBHJeETHpPOBAnHbe BeMJeBIaNbabyeckii KIaCcch 
IIpOBOAATE Bb LepeBHs, 10 OTHOMeHIN Kb HEMPBBHICTHPOBSaHHOMY SeM- 
nebabyeckoMy sktaccy. KpecTbagcTso, Tpyasmiscd# MaccH JepeBHH 


\6aume BCero no_Reprawtca BosrbicTBii0 _BOpABCEOH peagnin, #60 


IHMb O1arofaps cyMecTBoBaHiW CeAbCKaro padoyaro Aja OHa KH Cama 
MOKCTS GYMECTBOBATh H HallexallaMb oO6pasoMb BHIOIHATh CBOW 
poib coliaibHaro napasuta. Wsyaaa coniasbHy cTOpoHy _BOpsHCKoH 
peariia, MBI H8ydaemb ef JepeBeHCKyH MOIHTARY H ed arpapHyp 
nporpaMMy. 

PpaHHysckad PeCBOAWUiA He UPOUlla JapoMb Jake A Aid KOHTPD- 
pesolinionepops. Korla shatTb, BOsBpaTHBMasca «Bb Pyprowaxh co- 
}OSHHKOBS» BCISAG 3a CBOHM KOPOIEMb, MPHHALach CORPyMaTh co 
BCBMB IHIOMB 3acTapbioH s100n HeHaBHCTHHe eff HOBHIe NOPAAKH, 
TO CROPO Okasad0cb, YTO CaMa OHA, AaPHCTORpAaTiA «CTaparo pexHMa>, 
Oba yHe 8apaKeHa AJOMb CBOOOMBHX, Oorbe HIH MeHbe AeMOKRpa- 
THYCCKHXD WOpAIKoBS. Mil 3HaeM’b Bb caMOM’D Abas, BO ITO UpeBpa- 
THi0cb, UpH .lwsoBuKbB XIV aw ero UpeemHnkaXxt, HbEOTWa YTopjoce 
(peofasbHOe ABOPAHCTBO, DOCKOABEY A”bAO M10 O ero NOATHYeECKOR 
poiw H ero OTHOMeHiB KB KOpOdW. Takuxt padorboHHxt, xoTa i 
Pass010UCHHHXb JakeeBb OnI0 Ob TPYAHO CHICKAaTb Bb TO BPeMA BO 
Beef Espon$. VW momno nouatTh, kako AyYxb KOHIMeCHTPHPOBAHHO 
KCIGH HW UpesphHia BOAWA TeHialbHHIMb MepomMs cesbopa Jlym xze- 
Pyspa, repnora je-Ceanb-Cumona, korna sTOTh cTapHt peoqarb H30- 
Opakalb Bb cBOuxX'’ «Memyapaxb>» BLICOKONOCTAaBICHHHXE akTeporeb 


*) «Pyecxoe Borarerso>, 1907, aexadpb, erp. 34—72. 








H3b HCTOPIM ABOPABCKOH PRAKIULH. 99 


a camMoe JpaMy TormawsHef UpHABOpHOH mush. 3a BOSMORHOCTh KUT 
POCEOMIHLIM YYKeCAHHMb pacTeHiemb Ha ThA Hapota PpaumyscKoe 
ABOPAHCKOe COCMOBIe MOCTYNHAOCh CBOHMH OAHTHICCKAMH MpaBpand. 
LHMb 6H eMyY Jana Oba MOHONOMIA CYyMecTBOBaTh x«ecToyafimed 
skcnAyaTanie RpeCThAHCTBA, HE NlaTHTb WOsaTei, 3aHHMATD XOpOIo 
ONJAHBaeMELA CHHERYpH, MOA¥YATb BCOBOSMORHANA MeHCIH H BOCIIO- 
co6senia H3b YOCyapcTBeHHOH KasHb, HW OHO COrlaMazoch Ha TO, 
aToOH Hatlieli MpaBHAb HeOrpanHueHHO HW Oe3sKOHTPOIbHO MOHAPXb, 
@ Ha& caMoMb bas BCeMOTyIIad OmpokpaTHeckad HW UpHABopHaa 
KIHKa, H Cb BOCTOPTOMb Kyalach Bb JVGAXb BepCadbCkaro «HOpoiA- 
COJHHa». SHATHWE TAH Cb TOCKU H TOPs YMHPadH OTb HerackOBaro 
‘CiIOBa, OTb cypoBaro Barassqa BIaqHKH. Mumo nycTo# kpoparu MO- 
-HapXa IIPHHUW KPOBH He MpoOXOJHIH, He OTBBCHBG HH3KarO OOKIOHA 
Bb CTOpoBY aBrycTbimuxt noxywenb. Ha uxomjaguy Tlo6ban o,HHMT 
H3Bb 3HaTHbHMuxXh apHCTOKpaTOBb elle UpH u3Hu JwJoBHEa XIV 
OIE MOCTABICHS CMY MAaMATHUKD H BOSKEHH Ch YTHPEX CTOPOHD 
HCYTacHMHe CBBTHIBHHKH, CJOBHO Npeyb HkOsOH. Hexapomp Canb- 
‘CHMOHB YTBOPAAalb, 4TO NoTpeOy# Kopodb OTS CBOHXD NOLAWHHXb 
morHaro obcroTsopeHis, Kakb TOTO TpeOoBagw pHMCKie De3sapu, H ero 
metabie 6HJ0 6h OesnpekocaoBRO ucnOaIHeHO. Cb ApyroH croposH, 
He JapOMb HM CaMb KOpOIb CYATAIG, ITO OHL UMBETE UpaBo pacio- 
PARATLCA ANYHOCTEN, «2 Bb CAYIAS HYRIN WH AMYDLECTBOML BCBXD 
-(Ppaniy3suBb». Hexapomb on Booopamatt, OyzTo BerHyalimee cractis 
@paniit sakzlwaeTcd Bb TOMS, YTO BCH BIACTh COCpeAOTOVeHA Bd 
oco6s xopoaa, # 6yaTo yxacubimia Oban oOpymarca wa cTpaHy, ecru 
Wmpouz0hyerb «xoTh Marbittee pasybsenie siacteit»,—4To, KOHe4HO, 
-PakTHIECKH He MBMIAIO CMY Bb TpOMalHOMb OOIBMIMHCTBB CAYWaeBDh 
-OBITh Urpymnoi Bb PykaxXb BeIHRAXB-H MAIXb UPHEASHHXD FOcy- 
Wapcrsa. 

Hakb H8MBHHAOCh BCE 9TO, KONA JCTATHMA3MD B3lyMalb WYCTHTS 
CHOB’ KOPHA Bb paciaxaHHyW OrHeHHHIMS OAYTOMb PeBOINDIM MOUBy 
wopoit Ppanuia! Ipexze Bcero ye TOT PakTh, ITO Bb cTpans Ona 
OKTPOUPOBAHHAd ) HAH HeEOKTPOHPOBAHHHAA, HO BCe Re KOHCTHTYHIA, 
GTO YipaBleHie Halie# MepeXoJH1IO Bb PYKH Hai me, XOTA A pas- 
wbaawmeh ory BlacTb Cb MOHAPXOMB, yRE aTOTh MakTh 0603Ha4aIb 
rayOorift paspHB. cb NpomsnHMsb. CowHutTerd koncTuTyoin gblaiHn 
YCMa WpeqcraBuTbh HOBYH XapTit0l, Kakb UpoaBacHie To ke caxoit 
moHapmeh Boia, koTOpad cMbAO UpHpaBAHBada ceOa Ha 3eMAIB Kb 
poms IIposuybuia. Cayra kopora jymMaiad Mullypof BOcKpemiaemMaro 
BTHKEeTAa, NOZ010TOH NPHIBOPHHIXS MYHIBPOBb, APXaHYeCKHMH Ha3zBa- 
HiAMU YAHOBD HB AOIRAOCTeH, BOSCTAHOBACHICMS KOTOPHXS 3aHHMalacd 
an kKypTusanosh Pectraspayia, oOmanyts ce6a a sputeae# oTHocu- 
TeEABHO CMHCIA MpOHCXOJUMBMAarO, yBBpuTb ceda u Ppanuniw, To «cta- 
pif MOpasokb» AB U MpouBbraerb mo upexdemy. MW Bce TMeinOo! 

Jism Bbuxioch camoe miposo3spbuie mpuBajlerupOBaHHbXb K1aCccOB’b, ko- 
-Topbie OpH crapomb pexumb cb Tako OXOTOW MposaiH OwpoKpatu- 
7* 


x 





100 Ht. KE EY TPM AS. 


GeckoMy aOcoJOTH3My KOpo.eH paBO MOIATHYeECKAaTO DeEpBOpOscTBa. 
8& TeYEBHIBYlO MWOXAeOKY SKCNAyaTaMin HapOJHbIXh MACCh. 
Posaucth XIX BbEa BOsBpaTuANCh BO Ppanniw He 3a THM’ TOIbKO, 
UTOOH Wepel> KOpoO.IMH 
YMHJIATHCH, 


Bb OeamBpHoh panzocTa TrepaTbes 
H 61arojapHbl cles WHTB!... 


OHH KeladH BOSCTAHOBIeCHiA CBOHXD IpemHAXdS UPHBAAerif, B03s- 
MOHHOCTH KUTA 10 MpembeMY OOMIECTBCHHHIMH NapasHTaMH 4H T0rA0- 
Wath YABOCHHHIMH NOpMlAMH TOTS TocysapcTBeHEHH Nuporh, KOTOpHE 
Bh TeyeHie GeTBePpTH BbKA NpecrblOBAaIb UX ToAGAHOe BOOOpaxenie 
BER HanOJHe€HHOMb OMHrpaHtaMu KoOsennb, Nosh TYMaHHHMS HeboMS 
JloHx0Ha, Ha MapkeTS paboyscKO-ANKeroposckuxh caxzoHoss [letep- 
6ypra. HM korga onH yBaabau, TO HeOrTpanuweHHad MOHapxia He 
ycubia COXPawATb STHXD MpHBAsjeri# u sTOTO rocyAapcTBeHHarO KOpM- 
JeHid JIA CBOeTO MePBEHCTBYIDIarO COCIOBIA, OHH NOAYHHCTHHKTHBHO, 
MOAYCOSHATeABHO JOLKAH OHH MpifirH &b MBICIH BO3CTAHOBHTb CBOH 
IpHBHJerind pH MOMOMA NapsaMeHtapHaro cTpoa. Cambie HaHBable, 
CaMbI€ 3ACKOPYS8IHe MeKJY HAMH JOKaSbiBalH CBOHMH ClIOBaMH H me- 
CT@MH, YTO STOTS WiaHb OyleTh, NomazyH, ocymecTBumbe, wbMb Ha- 
exia Ha oH5 MOHapMia muaocTa, Jlw6a KaToanueckifi arTapb u 3e- 
THTAMUCTCKIH TpoHb, OHH BCe TakH AWOHIM Mpemgze Bcero A OoabMe 
Bcero CaMHxb ceda. HM past camo dynEnionupopasie NaplaMeHTapBaro 
CTPOA DOACKasbiBalo HMB cooOpaxenie, 4TO MPHBEAeTHPOBaHHaro No- 
JOomeHiA HMb MORHAO JOOHBATLCH He TOKO IPH MOMONIH KOpors, HO 
u 6e3b Hero H axe MPOTHBS Hero, TO NO STOMY PYCAy HallpaBusach 
H UX COCIOBHAS AbATeIBHOCTL. OHH SMAHIUMAPOBAIHCh OTb NOAHTH- 
“veckaroO HAOJONOKAOHCTBA Mepevx’’ KOPOAeBCKOH BAAacThH. 

MbIcIuMDb AH ObINb Ob, Halp., Bb HH JlwA0BAKA XIV Tako, ecaz 
MORHO TARb BEIpPasHTEes, OYHTOBCKOH, peBoalonioHHO posauSMB, KOTO- 
pHfi Bhiundca 6-ro aHBapa 1816 Fr. Bb OAamMeHAOf phim wbeoero «yIb-- 
Tpa», Je-beTu3H, BO3MyMeHHarO yMBpPeHHOCTbWO, Kakb CMY Kasadocb, 
TpaBHTeAbCTBEHHAarO pellpeccuBHaroO 3akOHa HM YBJekWaro 38a cobom. 
nalaTy euyTaTOBb fMpuraamewiemb Bb YTOOH TO HH CTadO BOTHDpO- 
BaTb CBUpbuywW TWoupaBky KB Upoesry: «Kcan Kopodb, He*OBOADEHE 
Tbu'bh, 4TO efO BBPHLe CAYTH MBUIaNWTS ero MOHapmMef MHIOCTH, OTBPa- 
THTb Ha MUI OTh Hach CBOH HCHOIHeEBHHHA AOOpOTH B3risqb, TO 
CKAKEMb, KAKB OOUTaTeIH sanagqHoh Ppannin, kakb eTA AOOAecTHHE 
BOHHLI, Cpamkalonlieca 3a IpecTolb H adTapb: «fa 3sipaBCTByeTh £0- 
po.b, He B3Hpad HH Ha 4To!l» TouHO Takme, Cb KAKHM HETOLOBAHieMS 
nobepHyAcd 6b Bb cBoem’b capkodarb JmzoBuns XIV, ecaa 6H Mors 
CIHMAaTb, KAKb SHEPlH4HO POAAHCTH Bb oTOH me ceccin 1815—1816 
Tosa IMpOTHBONONAraIH MAHHCTeEPCKOMY SaKOHOMpoeRTy 0 BHOOpaxb, 
BHOCHBIeMY BB 4YHCIO H36BpaTereH IyTh He BCbXD MpaBuTeAbCTBeH- 
HHXb UYHOBHAKOBS AM JaBaBIAXb TAakHML OOpas0mb NeHTpalbHok: 














NEE EE ~——_a_ eee 


H8b HCTUPIA JBOPAHCKOH PEAKIU. 101 


‘B1aCTH BOSMORHOCTh IPOBOUTh CBOUXDS KpeuTypb, cOOCTBeEHHH HE 3ak0- 
HONMPOCKTb, KOTOpHH, HacbopoTs, A’b1aIb OLAX KPYNHBIX’S COOCTBEH- 
HHEOBD TOCHOAaMH NOAOKeHIA BB BBOUPaTeAbHEIXD kKOAAeriax. I1pu- 
NOMAHTG TaKKe PasBAsAOCTh MU OAepri, KOTOPyH OOHapyRuAH kKpak- 
Hieé Ie€THTHMHCTH, KOra, He B3Hpay Ha BPUTHYeCKOe MusoReHie u- 
HAaHCOBb, OHH OTREPriH MUHHCTepcHill 3akOHONpOeKTh, yBeAUYABABMif 
TOZeMeIbHHA HatOrb, H SAaMBHHAM eFO CBOUMD, NepeOpachBaBliuMb 
MOMATHYN TAKECTh HA UCI TOPTOBLeBD HM MPOMBIMICHBHKOBS. 

Van mpacaymatitech kb pbiaMb YyAbTPa-pOmIHCTOBS OCAB 4BH- 
Oopost 1816 r., Korma, OYYTHBINHCh Bh HOBOH NataTh Bb polW oNno-. 
BHIIOHHarO MECHBIUHHCTBa, OHH MpOB3HOCAT HacTosilie AHpupaMOnL 
Bb YECTh HENPHROCHOBEAHOCTH JAYHOCTH, CBOOOAM NewTH H KiekMATE 
MpOH3BO1b MHHUCTPOBb H NOTHIN BbIpaKeRiaMa, WaiekoO OcTaBia.o- 
MLHMH 33 COOOW CBOOOAOMNOHBHA MaIOOk TOLAWHAXh YMbPCHALIXS 
AnOepai0Bb Ha WeH3ypy H HCKAWGNTeAbAHe SakOHLI. Hakonent, octa- 
HOBATeECh H& MHHYTY H BAyMafirech Bb BHBbIBAWMIi TOH alpeca, Cco- 
CTableHHaro Bh OTBBTb H& pPbub KOpOIA ye CHOBA YpesBHyafino 
peakiioHHOW TasaTow BB ceccin 1822 1r., agpeca, KOTOphH Opospa4uHO 
BHICKa3bIBaeTh, ITO <BHBOHI MApb» OHIb «KYDACHS UBHOW AepTs's, - 
HECOBMBCTAMBIX® Cb YeCTbIO Hai HM AOCTOHHCTBOMD caMofi KOPOHHI», 
4H KOTOPHH BHSBaIb CO CTOPOHH KOPOIH «<HeroqoBanie Ope oHo# 
MHICAH», 4TO TaplaM@HTb OCMBAMBAeCTCA DOAOBspbBaTb MOHAPKA Bb 
CTOIb HHSKOH NOAMTHES. ; 

Kaxt Buzute, l’appétit vient en mangeant, H 10TOMRA deo,an0BE, 
WIPCCMHKABMIUXCH Wepelb KOPOAAMH CTaparo pexXHMa H CUMTABIIHXS 
-3& <BeXHEYH WeCTh ANA ceOa CHHMATb Cb MOHAPXa eFfO HAaTbIbAYO 
pyOamny» (101anHHOe BHipamenie repnora JlioKcemOyprckaro), Ona 
YBACIeHH CaMOlO Urpow NaplaMeHTapHHXb yapexsenit Bb OnNnosANiN 
OpaBarerpctBy A 6es8b crpaxa [TOBOPHAW, KOrAa 9TO HMB Ka8adOch 
HYXHHMb, CAaMbIA pbskid BeMM KOTAa-TO OOOMACMEIME HMB KOPOIAM. 
-<Ppasa: «Ja 3lpaBcTByeTs' KOpo’b, Ne BSApad HH Ha ITO», npicbpb- 
Ta1a TAKUM OOpasomb ray6okoe mABHeEHHOe BHaeHie. Ona roRopura 
-O TOMb, ITO LBOpsHcKoe cocyxoBie pbMat0ch OTHHHS 3allaMaTh CBO 
HATepecH nu yObagenia, He ocobeHHO 3a60THCbh, HAaCKOXbRO ero IHBiA 
mopejeHia OyxeTh coBlasaTbh Cb Metaniemb HOcHTeJeH BepxoBHOot 
paacta. VsOpuTOMb samleMlath, NOIbSYACb Kak pasb TMH CaMEIMH 
TTpPeACTABATeAbHHIMH YUPexXACHiAMU, KOTOPHA OMIM CTOIb HCH&BHCTHEL 
{I PANOAHHEHHHMD MHIOCOMaMS KOpOAeBcKaro aOcOWTHSMA. 


II. 


Ch BocmecTBieMb Ha WpeeToIt Hapsza X, KOTOpH cam OBLIb Bb 
SHAUIATCADHOH CTENCHH THIVYHHIMS «YIbTpPa», ABOPAHCKAA peaknisa pB- 
WIHAa, YCHIUBAA CROW AIpeCCHBHYN MOJHTHEY MpOTHBh HOBAarO CTpoA 
Bb oOO6sacTH WomnTHYecKOH H KyAbTypHOH, UpHHATECA BM'bCTB Cb TBMB 


102 | H k KY APH H 4. 


BIAOTHYIO 3a COUAbHEA MBPH, MOTYMis, 10 ea MBBHIW, UPAMO HA 
KOCBEHHO NOJOKUTH WpOwHoCe OCHOBAaHie es TOCIOACTBY H DOCAB peBo- 
donin. Usp stax wbpoupiatitt BHyaBadHCh DO CBOeMy SHaueHiW 1Ba, 
cyab6a KOTOPHXS Oba pasawaHa. OHO 438% HHXS, COCTOABMee BL 
BHUJAaTB TOCyapcTBOMb MHALiapla pakkoBb SHaTHLIMh 8eM1eBIa- 
AbIbWaMb, HMBHIA KOTOPHXS OWAH KOHMHCKOBAHH BO BpeMa BerzHgo# 
PeBOANMIH, MPOMIO Bb pesyAbTATS ORECTOYCHHLIXS Upenii BL Dapsa- 
meuTb. J[pyroe, BHOCHBIee usMbHeHia eO,aabHaro XapakTepa Bb 
yCTaHOBAeHAHe peBoAWMieH sakOHH O Hacaxbgospakiv, Malo Nob ysa- 
paMH BOSMyYII6HHaro HMB OOMlecTBeHHarO MH'BHIA, KOTOPOe HAals0 OT- 
KIHEb Bb OTPANATCAbHOMB BOTS NalaTH neposs. Ho 06% ara MBpH, 
HeCMOTps Ha pazaHyie Bb cBOeH CyAbOB, APKO OOPHCOBHIBAaWTb Xapak- 
Tepb dpasnyscko yBopaHckoH peakuin uw BMBCTB Ch TBMbD aWTb 
HaMb BO3MORHOCTS MOHATb, HMCHHO OAarogapsa cBoeH pasinqHoOll yqa- 
CTH, O kakian conialbHbd cvuAH pa36udach 3i'bcb NOnETRa Peosaab- 
HOH pecrappanig. 

QO Takb HashiBacMOMb <MHIIiapAB oMHTpaATOBh» OCOOeHHO MHOTO 
YTOBOpHTh He UpAxogntTca. UpaBnTeipcTBo, HaxO_HBMeecA 101% TaBaze- 
Hiemb eosadOBh, BHYHCIHIO, IYTeME OFEHb WpOOseMATHIeCKAXS pac- 
yeTOBb, 4TO Bb TeyeHie AecaTH IbBTS, cb 1793 vr. no 1803 r., BB 
PYEH PasHHNXb MOKYNMHROBD Mepellio KOHHCKOBASHLIXS Y OMATpaH- 
TOBb seMedb Ha 1.298 mMHIAiOHOBL (paHKOBb; H ITO, 3&2 BHICTOMB 
310 MHXTIOHOBS, YMaeCHHHXb TOCYAapCTBOMb SMHTPAHTAMh Bb O- 
ramenie HXb JOATOBL H T. 0., NPCHEMB MPHBHIETHPOBAHHHIMb BAa- 
WbAbTAaMD Hanid JOIRHA Ona TakuMB OOpasoM’b AoNIaTATD 988 muI- 
aionoBS *). OTA rpOMalwHan CYMMa JOIHAA OIA, COrtacHO 3aKOHO- 
HpOeRTY, OITH BOSMBOeHa OTarOpOAHMb KPeAuTOPAMD Bb TeWHIe 
MATH JBTh WYTEMb BHECCHIA HA AXb HMA BD KHHTY TOcyapcTBeHHaro 
goara 30 MuazionoBD 3°/,-o peHTH, 4TO COOTBBTCTBYeTbh yxRe Kalla- 
Taly POBHO BB 1 MuAiaplb. Takb Kakb COCTaBd TalaTH OHAb OFYeHb 
peagnionHni, u60 u3b 430 saeHOBDS ea WINKS 320 NpanageRaso 
Kb OUPHBAIeETHpOBaHAOMY COCJOBIN, IPH 4eMb MeRLY SHATHNMH Aeny- 
TaTaMH HaCcukTHBaloch 2 mpyHya, 1 repnorh, 36 MapkasoBt, 78 rpa- 
oBb, 23 BukOHTa, 30 GOapoHoBS u 14 kKaBadepoBh, TO MORHO OIZO 
3apanbe mpesBarbts, yO «MuAniapA’> 9MKTpaHTOBb» OyzeTh BOTUPO- 
BaHb MapraMentomb. VM, whiicTBuTeibHoO, OHD OLLI BOTHPOBAHd 60.3b- 
WHHCTBOMB 209 rogzocoBh npoTuBh 124. Ho raaBaHh uHTepect e- 
Kalb He CTOYDKO Bb MakTh MPHAATIA B8aKOHOMPOeKTa, CROIbEO Bb 
TOMb, WTO OHS BCTPBTHA OMMOBHTI, KAKB CO CTOPOHH kpafinefi 
abso, Takb H CO CTOPOHHW Kpafineit npapoli, a Take BL xaparTeps 
CTOARHYBIIMXCA MewAY COO0W MPH ITOM’ MPOTHBONOAORANXD BITASAOBD.- 
Cb ogo cTOpoHH, pecnyOsukanenb reHepaln Py: HaHeCL xKe- 


+) Bb TownocTH, 987.819.962 gp. 96 caHtumMoBb. Cm. Ach. de Vaula- 
belle, ,Histoire des deux Restaurations‘; Uapna, 3-e wanang., 1857, 7. VU. 
erp. 109. 





H8b NLTOPIH JHOPHHCKOH PEaKOIH. 103 


CTOKIC yYRapH JMWOUTeCAAML MHANiapfa, MOKasaBb, 4TO CCH OHH CO- 
WAWTCA Ha CHIY, TO, BbAb, HXb OKARETCA Bb CTPaHS OAUHD HA 
THCH4Y, & CCIH OYLYTS alllesAMPOBATh Kb UpaBy, TO 0 KRAakOMb Ke 
IpaBb MoxeTS OTE pbub NO OTHOMEHIN Kb INAAMD, KOTOPHe MH 
NOX SHAMCHAMH BparoBh MpoTHBS cBoe# porwgH. Ho, cb Apyrok cTo- 
POHH, UpescTaBuTerb EpaiineH npasoi, abeTO Jwuaeccu ye-l‘penesanrs, 
HOTpe60Baxb MpOcTo-Ha-NpocTo BOsBpalleHia HMYMIeCTBh HXb Npex- 
HEMS COOCTBEHHHEAMS 6e3% BCHRALO BO3HArpamseHiA HUBLIM, MOJd 
TBMb UpeJIOTOMb, TO BCH 3CMIH OMHIPAHTOBS, PackyMIeHHHIA Y 
KOH@MHCKOBaBMaro AX NPAaBHTeABCTBA, OAH Bh CYMHOCTH YKpasenH 
Y HHXb, H NOTOMY HHR@EHMD BOSHAarpameHiemh CTapHHHbiXh [paBo- 
MOWHHXE BlalbIbTeBb HeAb8A IIpHAaTh HMb XapakTepa 3akOHHOL 
COOCTBEHHOCTH y8ypNaTOPOBD. 

SaMBiaTeIbHO, OJHAKO, 4TO eCCIH <MHJiapy’h SMHIpaHTOBh» 
YCHAHIb seIpiasHb CTpaHH Kb BOSRPATHBINUMCA BUACTBOBATh eosa- 
1aMb,—paciolaraBluM, H WOMHMO MHAdiapja, 70 MaatioHamH PpaH- 
KOBb @HeTO{HAarO KOPMAeHiaA HSb CPOACTBS rocylapcTBa Bb BAB Ha- 
AOBaHbA H YeTBEPTbW Bcefi CyYMMHI NeHciff, BHECCHHHXS Bb O101KeTS,— 
TO BCe He 9TO BpamseOHoe AYBCTBO He NepeMlA0 Bh AKTHBHOC COMpO- 
THBAeHIe H axe HE BHIZBAI0 BHBINAAXD pPBSKHXb BSPHBOBb MeHABA- 
CTH Halli Kb UPHBUAeCTAPCBaHHLIMS Blasbapnams. Bemb Ha NepBOMS 
BSTAATB OYCHb CTPAHHAs, HO OOBACHAWMANAcA THM, ITO OYeHb 3Ha4H- 
feIbHad YaCTb KOHMHCKOBAaHAHXb UMYIICCTBb, SHAIHTeIbHAA He 
CTOABKO, MOHCTS OHITh, 10 YHCIY YIACTKOBD, CKOABEO No oOmeH M10- 
maja uxXb, Oba kyNaeHa KpyoHot ropogckoH xn cpeqHet ceabcKo# 
Oypxyasie#. A kKTO GHTayb xoTa On 3aMbuaTerbaHit sTHIb shopKa 
ABeHOId O «HANiOHAIbAWIXS UMYIICCTBAXb», 3HaeTb, Kakad MACCa 
cMekyaamif, amioraxa, sxz0ynoTpedsenifi H UpAMOrO MONIeHHHYCCTBA 
ACKATh Bb OCHOBAHIH TOH BakxXanalio KYNAH H Uposamu, KoTOpad 
Oblla WyWeHa Bb XONb «4ePHHIMH OanzaMH» MNO OTHOMeHIW Kb KvH- 
QHCKOBAHHHIME SeCMIAMb UepRBU HM ABOPAHCKOH oMmurpanin *). ITH 
OypxyasHHe Oxaroupiobpbrarean OnaH Bb OODIeMD, A'bicTBUTeIbHO, 
«<BOpaMH», RAK HasBalb HX UNARI heoxqaab, HO BOPaMA 10 OTHO- 
THeHIHO Kb LOCyAapcTBy, KOTOPOe PBPAND AW OTH HAXD WOAYINIO HA 
OWHY WecaTy ycroBsAeHHO obAW 3emedb. [lOHATHO, Cb KRAKOW FOTOB- 
HOCTbDD OHH Bb CYMHOCTH COTAaMAaAuCh, YTOOH TOCyAapcTBO,—T. e. 
OATL-TaKH, Bb KOHIS KOHNOBb He OHH, a TpyAsmilica Hapoyb, — 
3ATEHYI0 pasb HaBcer@a MHATiaplOMb TAOTKY PeosataMb Hw u30aBu.10 
HX} OTd BUCbBIWeH Hab HHMA OUacHOCTH MepecMOTpa H NpoBbpKH 
GPAHTACTHYCCKUXE AORYMCHTOBS, HA OCHOBAHIM KOTOPHXD OHH BlaybrL 
Tellepb TpeTbi0, ec He MOJOBHHOW Bce seMAeybibyecko PpaHnid. 
A 88 HHMH NOTAHYAOCh H TPYAOBOe KPeCTbAHCTBO, HOTOpOe TORE Ky- 
11H10,—IpaBla, 3a sapaboTaHHbIA NOTOM H KpPOBbIO Je@BbrH,—H3BBCT- 
HY} AOA OHPHCKOBAHAEIXE HMyMecTBR. HM sTH pANOBbIe MYRHEH, 





*) Georges Avenel, .Lundis révolutionnaires‘; TapHxb, 1875, erp. 24---49. 


104 H FE. KEYRPHARA DB. 


HaXOUACh 0% BXIAHICMh CBOHXb OOTAaTHXb ONHOCCILYAHS, JOBKO 
HIpaBIuHXb BB NPHTBOPHY!WO WaHHRY, HCHYCTHIA B3J0XB OOAerueHis, 
XOTH H OCIORHABMifica comarbHiemb 0 MUAJiapxS, Kora pbuIAIA, 
4TO 3TOIO WbHOW OHH HaBcerga OTRYUAINCh OTS NpaTasanift BepHyB- 
MIMXCA JBOPAH'S. 


IT. 


l6ombiTHa cygb6a Apyrofi coniambHof MBpH, kOTOpylo pbomza 
IIpoBecTH, HO He MOFla IIpOBeCTH ABOPAHCKAA peaklia, HATEHYBIMasca 
Ha CH.IbHO® CONpOTHBAcHie CTpaHHl. [AO DLO, AK IPANOMAHTS H- 
TaTelb, 0Ob H38MbHeHIH MpaBpa Hacabgospanis Bb eolalbHOMb AyXb. 
Ho 44a TOTO, YTOOH HallexkaMluMb oOpasoMb OUBHHTD SHayenie oTOH 
peakiionHof NODHTKH, HaxO ACHO UpexcTaBuTb ce6B arpapHHe 10- 
paleu Torjause Ppaaniu. Beiukay pepowouia Opou3sperxa efBa JH 
jake He Ooibmif nepesopoTh Bb AepeBHb, YbMb BB roporb. WM we 
TO, YTOOH OHA CO3NAI4 MEAKYW KPCCThAHCRYH COOCTBOHHOCTS, Kak TO YT- 
BEPRIAOTh OYpRyaAsHble HCTOPUKA, CTapawMlieca COsHATeAbHO Hepeors- 
HHTb Bb OTOM’S HAllpaBICHiH 3HaueHie PEBOOUIH: Cb ONHOM CTOPOBH, emle 
Bb 10-PeBOIWMIOHHY!W ONOXY MC.1KAad 3OMeIbHad COOCTBEHHOCTS 88HEMada, 
lo Kpafinei wbpb, TpeTb Bcero UpoctpancTBa Wpannin; cb Apyroi, 
TPYHOBOC EPeCTbAHCTBO Upiobpbsio ecaH HM MHOTOYKCIeHHEIMH, TO Mex- 
,KHMH OKYUKaMH caMoe Ooabmee OAHY MeCTYW, MOReTH OBIT, OEY 
CeRbMyH BceH TAOMIAatH «HaliOHAIbHHX’b HMYMIeCTB», MOOKAHB0BAE- 
HHXb JCKPCTAMH PeBOANDIOHHArU UpaBuTelbcTBa *). 

Ho Beansad Dpaslysckaa pewodionia oupaBsAHBaers eTOTS CBoH sllH- 
TeTb Bb TOMS OTHOWMEHIA, ITO OHA OCBOOOAHAA BCW SCMEIBHYH COOCTBEH- 
HOCTb H CaMOFO EPeCTbAHHHA OTE eosaabHHIXb YTS A TArocTefi Cb Ta- 
Koi sHeprief u TakOl0 UpsMOaHAeHHOCTDIO, KAKHXDS MH HUTAS ge Hall- 
eM Bb APyrom MbcTs. I bactBuUTeIBHO, He UpekpallaBmiaca BOscTaHia 
KP€CTbhAHb H SHAMCHHTHE «HCTOpHyeckKic AHH» Bb CTOIHITB HMbIE 
CBOHMb pe3yIbTaTOMb TO, YTO NOCIB HBROTOPHXE WPATHIECKMX’ KO- 
xeOaHili H TMeCTHNXS MOUKNTORS pasduyaTb MeHIY NOstemaluMn 
HENOICHAMUMH BEIKYIY PeOlaIbHAIMM MOBAHHOCTAMH peBOAWMIOHHOe 
HWpaBHTeIbCTBO PAAOME OLICTPO cABAYWNIUXE OHA 38a ApyroH# B BCce 
Gombe u Gorbe pagukaabHHIXt M'BPb YHAYTORHIO Oe3b BCAKATO BOB- 
HarpameHia BC IJHYAHA WM 3OMCAbHEIA DpaBa CeHbOpOBD. 

Taxb, rbrom’s 1789 r., yxe nocab coshipa [enepasbaHxs [lrartoss, 
KPeCCThAHe IPHHHMAWTCA Wei NepraMeHTH, Ae 3aMKH, UPOFOHATb- 
COOPOHKOBS NOBUAHOCTeH, a NapHxane GepyTh 14-ro imag Bacraxin; 4 
Bb HOY 4-ro aBIycTa JBOPAACTBO H JAYXOBCHCTBO <BeAMROJYIIHO» 
OTKASHIBAIOTCA Bb IPHALRANS OTh PeolaIbHHXd UpaBb. Takb, Kpectb- 


ee ee 








*) Cm., Mexay upounMms, Jean Jaures, ,La Constituante‘; [lapuaxp, 6esb 
warn, ctp. 490 n caby. ° 





HSb HCTOPIH ABOPAHCKOH PEAKOIU. 105 


aHe, pazsOvapoBanHHe, paslpaxenane [enpeToMb 15-ro mapra 1790 r., 
KOTOPHMS HanionarpHoe Co6panie 06a3hBatO HXb BLIKYMaTh y eo- 
axZ0Bb He JHYHEIA, & 3CMCIbHEIA MOBHHHOCTH, OTEA3bLIBAIOTCA CTaTb 
Ha TOUKY spbeia crporaxb JerncToBps KoncTaTyanTH u Bb TeyeHie 
Bcero 1bTa uw Bee ocean 1790 Pr. OTBBIaiOTS CepbeSHHMH BOAHEHISMH 
Ha S810N01yqHHH gekpeTb. Tarb, cablyWOUaMSb Tomb, 1791 1r., eme 
Gombe pasipaxeHHhie HOBLIMb JekpeTOMD MpaBUuTeIbcTBa, OT 19-To 
10HH, JEKPCTOMb, KOTOPHIA CTAaBUTb TOYKY Hate i Bb WpesHAyMeMS 
ykasb, EpecTbAHe Bb caMH pasrapb BHOOpOBL Bb SaKOHOJaTeIbHOe 
Co6panie HatHHaWTh MpOTecTORATh IPOTHBh MBpPb Blactell BCBMH Ae- 
TaJbHHMH WM HeACTaibHiMa cnocobamu. A Bb cdepb noanTuyeckolt 
IIPOHCXOAATE ObrcTBO KopodA, apecTroRanHHaro HapotOMb Bb Bapexgs, 
HK pecnyOiakanckia Hed BilepBble HAYHHAWTh Cepbe3HO pasBUBAaTECA 
Bb kiyOaxt, Mey THM KAKb Ha TOPHZOHTS OOPHCOBEIBAeTCH IIPH3PAKB 
BoHHE Cb KvadunieH peakiioHHHxh eBponefickKHxt IpaBHTeIbCTBD. 

Mf Bors, BB CaMOM®D Ko HayaIb cabaywmaro, 1792 roga, daxonoja- 
TeabHoe CoOpanie, HecMoTps Ha cBof yMbpenHo-RoAcTUTyHIOnEHH co- 
CTaBh, CTapaeTc#, 1ONb BIinHieMh POpMUpPYWUUXcA pobeciIbepHCTOBD, 
NolTH Ha BCTpbay pbsko BEIPAReAHHIMS TpeOoBaHiaMb KpPeCTLAHCTBA 
H ocaaGHTb YYBCTBO kKpafinaro HeMOBOISCTBAa, BHISBAaHHATO cpelH 
TPyYAOBorO HacemzeHia JepeBHH JekpeTaMH MpeymectBywmaro Co- 
Opania. [lozb aBlenieMb KpPeCThAHCKHXD Oe8lopsAKOBS, OTPakaw- 
IWHXCA H Bb MHOFOGMCSCHHHXD MeETHTIAXS allpbas-Maa M'BCADEBS, 
BOTHpyetca Jexperh 18-ro iwmHs 1792 ©., RoTOophiMb oTMBHAOTCA e- 
OJaIbHHA pasa, BHITeEKaWMiA H8b Vepexona coOcTBeHHOocTH, Hacrb- 
JOBaHiA HT. J., CCHH TOIbKO CCHBOPh HE IpescTaBHTb JOKYMeCHTOBD, 
NOKASHBaWMAXb, ITO Bb OCHOBS AX’ JeRATh YCTO 8CMCIHLIA OTHO- 
meuia. JaTbMb, Ha NOMOMb KpecThaHaMb UpHXoLuTS fenb 10-ro as- 
rycta, B3sTie Tiomsbpifickaro ABopla HaposoMs, oTpbmewie Kopois 
OTb BAACTH; H 25-ro aBIyCTa BHXOJHTb HOBHH JekpeTh, pacipoctpa- 
Halmin whicrsie mpeliiecTByomaro yra3sa Ha BCB, 6e38b HCKIN- 
GeHia, PeolaibAHA mpasa. 

A peBOAWIiA MpOoAMaeTS HTH 10 Becxolsmet BbrBu NapaborH: 
HaqubaetTca repouyeckad Oopb6a cb BparaMH BHBIIHHMH H BHYTpPeH- 
HuMH; cmbruBmiit SakonogaterbHoe Cobpanie KonBeHTb Ha epBOMS 
awe 3acbianin (20-ro centa6ps) aekpeTmpyeT® yHuuToxenie kopores- 
cko# BaacTu; Ha crbayiomifi jeHb yupexmaetca pecnyOruka; HW NOWTH 
OMHOBPeMeHAO Cb OTHMS paHilysckas apMia pas6uBaeTs aBcTpo-Opyc- 
cRKia Boficka HM HepexojuTb Bb HacTynstenie. Ilo pce# crpanb mupo- 
EHM'b NOTOKOMb pasiHBaeTcaA peBOINiOnHH NaTpioTu3Mb. Ba anBaph 
1793 roxa KOpo’b NockHaAaeTca Ha oadots. Gepesb HBCKOABRO M'’bca- 
WeBb peciyOIuKaHckoe MpaBHTeALCTBO HCMOIHAeCTS MocabyHee xe- 
JaHie KpeCTbAHCTBa, CHHOBbA KOTOparo cb AyMoH, NoAHOH 9HTY3I- 
Q3Ma, HIYTb NOS TPeXUBBTHLIMb 3HAMCHEM UPOTHBb BparoBh CcTa- 
Bile, HakOHeIh, CBOOOLHOIO H HAPOAHOW POMHAH: BakOH'b 17-ro imsjA 
ormbHsers Bob deosaibabla Upapa, Ha Kakie OH JOKYMeHTH OHH HH 


§ 


106 H. EB EYRPUH SB. 


onnpaiuch *). LH eToMy 3aKOHY UpeAMecTByWTL: 3akOHb 3-ro iWHA, 
KOTOPHH OpranusyeTb UpOsay HMYDLECTBD SMHTPAHTOBS (MePROBAHA 
AMYIeCTBA CTaIH YCHACHHO packylaTbca#, ye HawHHad Cb aBrycra 
mbcaua 1790 r.), w sakoHb 10-ro iwHa, KOTUpHH IpHsHaeTh 8a 06- 
HWHaMH paso Ba OODIMHAHA 38eMIM, BO MHOrAXb MBCTAaXb OCciapi- 
BaBMifca y HAXS, H pasphmaeTs paBanit Whack. OTHXS BMYIICCTES. 

Takb oTaubl CoMiambHaro MepeBopoTa Mpoxog_aTcaA uIH, aAyUMe 
cka3aTb, UpoObranTca ppasdysckok Hanielt napazzeabHO H BB TBCHOL 
CBA3H Cb pa3sIHYHHMH MOMCHTAMH TosuTHYecKOH peBoswnin. IH 
sHopach HMbeTb MpaBu CkasaTb: «brarojapaA BeXHEOXBUHOMY COBIa- 
NeHiso coOnTi#, cHacmemMy pesoawnitn, Kame BeEIHKOG HApOAHOe ABH- 
menie BB [lapaab uMbio cBouMtb DocrbrctBiemb Oorbe pboruTerbHOe 
ocBobomlenie KpecTbanHHa... Kamyjoe peporonuionnoe ROsxe6anie NOW 
BB CTOINDS OG6pyilnBalo TBeEPALIHN KDPeCTbAnCKAarv nopabomexisa». *) 
Kb sTOMY MOKHO AUMb UpHOaBAaTh Belb, BUTeRAWMLYN H3b PakTOBS, 
cooOMaeMHXS H Jame KOMMCHTHPYeMLIXh BL STOM HMCHHO AYXB ca- 
MHMD shopscomB **), a BMCHHO, 4TO TPYTAMIACH MACCH AePeBHH Ct 
cBoeli CTOPOHH, He MOkIalad# pyk’b, pasOuBpanu cTbAN cBoelt meo- 
aibHoH TIOPbMBI. 

CB060JHHMb OTh HOTA CEHbOPOBS, CBOGOTHHIMD OTb HeCeHiA Ka- 
KHXD OB TO BH OBLAO TAHTOcTeH 10 BO3HArpamseHiNy CBOHX NpPeRHAXh 
TOCHO'S 84 HX HCTOpHucckia MpaBa, HIN, AYUMIe CKasaTb, MHOFOBS- 
KOBOH MpOH3BO1b A OKCHIyaTaniw, MpaadUuy3sckve KpecTbAHCTBO epe- 
XOJHI0 OTS GypHaro Nepioza peBosrniv Kb KpoBaBok sDonesb Depsol 
HuMMepin, a OTS HalloneOHOBCKOH ononed Kb YOAWAOYHOMY ABUPAHCEO- 
KOHCTHTYIiOHHOMY CTpOWO pecTaspanin ch ero ObinWMb TeppopoMs, 
TOCHOACTBOMB ie8yHTOBb HW ToMBULEROBR H YMbpeHHO-AnOepasboHMD 
(ppoHzepcTs0M® KpyuHull Oypmyaszin. PaquBoH MyHHKb, KAKb MH yHe 
paHbme BuAbIN, He OcodeHHO O6o0raTHICA OT Npokamu Halowasb- 
HHXb HMymlecTBb. Ho OH TBEPAO OXpaHsNb cBowW HeOoAbMTyH co6- 
CTBEHHOCTb, CCHH H MAIO YBeIHYABIMYWCa co BpeMeHb BexruKok peso- 
nin, TO BCe Ke CTABMYH Bb ero riasaxb onopoH# ero cymecrTBo- 
BaHif HW CFO He8aBHCHMOCTH H XOTS HeOOIbMAMD RAOUKOMB HallOMy- 
HaBHIyO eMy O peBOJNiOHHOH JHKBHAAaliH ABOPSHCKHXb s3eMeEB, 
MCHIY ThMb KAKB eCrO OJHOCeIbYAHHHD, JepeBencRi Oypaya, wwA 
“HOCeIHBMifica Bb ONBMeMb MeckatbHoMb saMKb roporckell KanHTa- 
IMCTB, Yake DPAMO YTRepHAaA cBoe Oxarouoxyyie Ha pasBasHHaxt 
«cTaparo pexuMa>. Cb sTakoli-To jepepHef IpHxoqusech HMBTD AAO 
peaklioHHOMY ABOPAHCTBY, KOTOpPOe BO3BpPaTHAOCh Ch RERAHIeM YE 
HaBCcerqa YEPBUHTb CBOE. TOCHOACTBO BB cTpaHb. ATO we Morao- 080 
ipeANpuHATh? 


— -- = Se eee —————— _- 


*) Cp. A. Aulard, ,Histoire politique de Ja Révolution francaise®; lapixe. 
1901, cTp. 260. 
*#) Jean Jaures, ,La Convention“, Il, crp. 16380. 
***) Hanp.. Bb ero xe ,La Législative’, erp. 757—791. 


HB HCTOPIH JIBOPAHCKOH PEAKNIA. 104 


BHMOTaHbeMb MHAiapywaro <BOSHarpaxicnia» ch Hanin KOHTA- 
AOcb ero HellocpexcTBeHHOe BOsA'bicTBie H& HOBHIA SKOHOMHUCCKIA OT- 
Homenig. Hicaw 65 OHO B3fYMadO TOXbEU 3AHRHYTHCA O BOSCTAHOBICHIA 
KpbuocTsof s3aBHCHMOCTH OTb Hero HacerzeHis, o Bos0OHOBAeHIX 
(PCOLAIbHLIXS DOOOPOBb, TO KPCCTbAHCKIA BUYIN NOAHAIHCh OH cami 
co60W UpOTHRS sTHX UpuTasanifi Bo Beek Ppanniu. He .sadyzprTe, 
WTO Kakb HH OIA Mada Bb CPCAHeM COOCTBEHHOCTh TpyZOBOrO Kpe- 
CTbAHHHA, KAKS HH TACO CTalO eMy ye Bb TO BpeMA UPHXOAUTHCA 
HOpoM) OTb pocToBMayecTBa ero OoraTHXb OJHOCedbYaHL, HO 6e3- 
BOSMe3AHOe YHHATOReHIe OapolMAH MH NpPO4WXh cenbopialbALXd pass 
Bb BHCOKOH cTeleHH DOsHaIO OarococroaHie ctpaHHl. Ha crpaBumH 
HCTOpiH Depelli0 HaHBHOe H8yYMJeHie OMHIpaHTOBb H CONMSHHKOBS, 
KOTOpPHe, ABHBDINCh BO Ppandiw werBepTh BbKA CHYCTA DocIB OcBOGbv- 
UTeIbHOH peBoIHUin, He y3Hadd peRHATO, HHDaro a 3aduTaro paba 
Bb 6oXpoM’, XOPOMO MATawMMeMca H OOHTAWMeMS CBSTINA NoM'buIe- 
Hid KpecTbAHHAS XIX-ro BbEA. ORAM, Name cb TPHOYHH BararTHl 
NepoBb, Ha sacbranin 28-ro mMapta 1826 r., pasfaaca Tol0ch oHnoro 
H8b CaMEIXb EpaliHuxt peargionepoBb pectappauia, rpada je-Cexp- 
Pomana (Saint-Romans), 4ro6hl KOHCTATHPOBaTL STOTS axTs: «Omn- 
604HO AyMaTb, 4TO OxarococTosHie AePpeBHH 8ABHCHTb OTb AbieHix 
coOcTBeHHOCTH. OHO BHITeKAeTS... H3b LOUTH JapoBoh Bb HSB BCTHHE 
MOMCHTL pa31aqH KOBDHCKOBaHANXS AMyMecTaB». Jase Boku Ha- 
NOxeOHAa, BHSBABMiA Tako cTpamahk ApeHaRxb peccypcoBh AH pa6o- 
4HXE CHAb CTPA, He MOTAH NapadHsoBarTb Osarogxbreabnaro AbucTBiA 
arpapHHXb 8akOHOBB peBomwuin. dichoe AbIO, 4TO paunyscKifi my- 
HED MOMb ClYMATh Bh HHHXD CAYWAAXE MawkaTuyeckylo UponarakAy 
CBORX CBADICHHHKOBD, MOrh BLIpPAKaTh BSPHOUOMIAHHHYECKIA TYBCTBA 
Byp60naMb, Kak OHS, ECTaTH Cka3aTb, BLIpakaib uxt Hanoxeony, 
ORa3HBaTh 8HaKH BH'BINAATO NOUTeHiA BOSBPATHBUIMMCH U3b JCLHTH- 
MHCTICEAXD CTpaHcrTBili 00 ayxO6nHb MapRH3aMb A rpadams. Ho ont 
He M0TepibIb Ob AHKAKOTO BOSBPAaTa Kb OPCXHHMS NOPAARAM's. 

Ilepenat UpaBsnluMb ABOPAHCTBOMb CTaHOBHAacCh TaKHMB OOpa- 
3OMb 38Ja4a cO8,aTb Bb CTpaHb, WH Upemse Bcero Bb JepeBat, co- 
wiadbHyio onopy ce6b. Coszatb, He 3aTporHBad HeMOcpeACTBeHHO HO- 
BHXb DOPAAKOBb, MOCKOABKY OHH KacaAHCh TpoMasearo OoOAbMHHCTBA 
HacejleHis, a OOpaTHBb BHHMaHie Ha Oolbe COCTOATCABHHe 91CMeHTEI 
BlaXbibyeckarO Klacca H HCKYCCTBEHHD CTapasch 3akKpBNUTb A OEpyT- 
HHT NYTEMb BweLeHIA MepBOpoACTBa cOOCTBeEHHOCTS Bb AXb pykaxt, 
HMSTOTOBHTh H3B HHUXB TAKHMb oOOpasoMb Ipynily HOBLIXb Bacca- 
AOBb, KOTOPHEeE TAHYIM OH HeHHO Kb UPHBUJeErHPOBaHHHIMB Cco0- 
CTBCHHHKAMB AH NUTalA Ob PeowaIbHylO pecTaBpani. ITOMY NW1any, 
BO MHBain MAHHCTpOBR Kapza X, orment Onab YAOBACTBOPATS 
«SaKOHOIpPOekTE O Hacdbgosanin u cy6cTuTyoiaxb», BHeceHHHI mMpa- 
BHTeIBCTBOMD 10-ro mespaga 1826 r., BL aaaTy nepops. CoBsenaa 
CB HeTO OMe OpHAnyeckKol TePpMHHOAOCTIA, MEI MOKCM'B PesHMUPO- 
BatTb eFO CMHICIb Bb HOMHOFHXDL ClOBaXb: OH AaBad’b Dpapo crap- 


108 H. E EY XUPH SB Sb. 


wey ChHY AHIla, WiaTamaro He Mente 390 (ppankoBh no3zemenonazo 
Had0ra, NO1VWTh AMMAWW 10110 HACIBACTBA, CCIM TOIBKO OTeNb Bb 
3aBbianilt He OFOBOPH.b CBOeTO welanif pacnhopsalaTbca HHade, 
T. @. COFdacHO OCBANICHHOf peBOAWNIOHHEIMb 3aKOHOIATCABCTBOMD 
NPakTHES paBnaro biexka Mexly WHTSMH; H OHS pacMHpsIb 103B0- 
J€HHYO 3THMb Re BAKOHONATe.IBCTBOMD YMBPCHHYW «cyOcTuTyiWw» 
HIN MpelBapHtTeibHoe HasHaneHie He TOAbKO HacdIBInHKA,, HO H ero 
BaMBCTHTeIA, Cb OHO cTeleHu poxcTBa Ha JB, Japagd BM'bCTS CL 
TBM B3aBbIATeAW WpaboO YCTaHOBUTb CYHcTHTYHIIO JMMb Tia OAHOTY 
435 CBOHX'S AbTe#, BHYKOBB H T. 1. 

Mbt celiqach YBUAUMb, EAkb Bb CYMIAOCTH OnJa pobka 9Ta No- 
GHTKa ABopaHcKoH peakuin. HM Kakb OrpaHHwenHa Guida cepa ea 
xbictpia. Ho game WH 9TOTh HecMBInf B3akOHOMpPoeKTS Geoaa-10BD 
BCTPSTHIb Bb MaplaMenTh A ctTpanb weoOKHOBeHHO 9HeprBynylo 
ommorHgi. CoBpeMeHHHEH sTOh o0XH MpaAMO TOBOPATS, YTO HUKOTAa 
elle cO BpeMeHH BoOsBpallenia Byp6ononh @panngia He BuIA No- 
noOnoft araTanii MpoTHBS opeqnosarasmelica MbpH, TakOTO eAHHO- 
AyulHaro mporecta M Takoro BosMymenia oOmectBedHaro MubHiA. He 
HAXOJHIOCb, KaxkKCTCA, HM OJHOTO YaAyXorO yraa, UW3b KOTOparO He 
6H170 OB NOCIAaHO Bb TapsaMeHTD Nernniv, MOpowW HBCKOIbKAXS Fe- 
THI, DMOAWHCAHHBIXS HMCHAMH OTHOBh ceMeHCTBb H UXb CTAapOHXb 
cHHoBe. Hemyapeno, TO 3aTO TBHOe OTBpPallenie CTpaHhl Kb 8akOHO- 
NpOeKTY CKa3al0cb H Ha WoBeqeHin Mapsameata. WL _BOpaHckoe 4B- 
MHMeHie O10 Bb CYMeCTR2HHHXL Yeptaxb oTOpouleno mMaszaTol 
NapOBb, KOTOPaA BS CHAY A'BEOTOPHX OcobeHHOCTeH -snOxH OHA TOpOw 
Gombe av6epatbuHMb yapexjeniems, wbMb NataTra JenyTaTosp. Aare- 
pech, BOSOyHACHHHIH STHM BOMpOCOMS, OBI HACTOIbEO CHICHD, ITO 
UpeHid Bb nataTh naposs, HayaBmiasca 28-ro MapTa, JIHIHCh WhAXb 
ecaTb JHeH, Bb TeyeHie KOTOPHXb HaTpHOyHY B30MI0 ABasNaTb ABA 
OpaTopa, HATb MUHHCTPOBS, paskqabadHCb BCeBOSMOMHHE APryMeHThI 
3a H IpOTHBb, Oka, Hakonen’b, 120 rozocoBb UpoTHBb 94 He OT- 
OpocnHiw MYHkTa O TepBoposcTsb, cocTaBAABWaro OeATpb BCcero 8a- 
KOHa, H He ONPORHAYAM TakHM’ O6pa3z0Mb BCH MeokalbHyW saTbw. 

Bo Bpema JeOaToBb MHOTO, KOHeYHO, TOBOpHIOCh H 00% SKOHOME- 
YeckoH cTopoHb mpoekta, oO ApoOseniu nosemMexbHO coOcTBeHHOCTH, 
0 IIpeHMyIecTBaXx’b EpyHaro Blagbuia Hayb MexkuMS. Ho AbsBOI- 
CkOe KONTO NOJHTHEH Ha KaKIOMb Wary BHCOBHBAXOCh 4H3‘b-I0]'b 
THX AKOOHM ABAOBHXE aprymMeHToBs. WM aerro nostoMy MOmHO N0- 
HATA pasoyapoBaHie HM3cabsoBaTeteh ucTOpin YHCTO 92KOHOMAYeCKOH 
JOKTPHHH O TOMb HAH APYTOMD BAAS COOCTBEHHOCTH, KOTJa OHH H3y- 
WalH B3riaqbl pectaBpanik Ha eTOTb BONpOCs No AeOaTaMt, saHe- 
CCHHHIMb H& CTPaHHUH MWpaBATeCIBCTBeHHArO OpraHa Ppanuia, 3Ha- 
MeHuTaro «MonutTepa». Tarkb, OJMHb U8b 9TAXS uscrbyzoparesed, 
HbaT0 Oxo-Jlapu6s, mpamo sambuaerp: <Urenie pesioMe, aBaBMUXxca 
Moniteur’oMb, O4€Hb HHTepecHo Jax TLXb, KTO XOTbIb ON HAUHCATB 
KCTOPIIO OTHOMeHi MeLY K1accaMH MpH pecTaBpanin, HO ye re- 











H8b MCTOPIM ABOPAHCKOH PEAKIM. 1u9 


pasqo Mente uaTepecHoO cb Hamiefi coeniasbHoH TouKH 3pbais. Roii- 
Rania MHbHid, KOTOPHIA MBI JOARHL GyseMb MPHHATD KE CBbAbHIW, 
YTONIJCHL Bb POPMyiaxb, sBYYaDIUXS TOPRECTBCHHLIMb H TYCTLIMD 
KpacHopbuiemh; y O1aropoOdHHXb WapoBb AWMb Ofna 3a00Ta: Bhika- 
3aTb. CeOd TOPAYHMH BAD[MTHURAMH TPOHAa HAH efO CMHPeHHEIMH, pod- 
KHMH H HOUTHTCAbHBIMH KPHTHKAMH»*). Meazy TbMb, HMeHHO AA 
Hac'b 9Ta DpasncTad <MOATHKA> pescTaBlseTb ocobce 3HadeHie, 
TaBb KAKb MbI XOTUMD MpHrasWbreca DOOIKRe Kb PeoaIbHOMY HYTpyY. 

Boo6me, korgja Gepemtb BL pykH «Monurepb» xoTa OH , TOTO 
xe 1826 r., To orb sto chpoli, noara oOeproaHo# GyMaru, Ha Ko- 
Topoli OHB Weyaralca Bb TO BpeM#, TOUHO OTAbIANWTCH H nepedb- 
TaWTb BB Balle cOsHaHie DICKTPHYECKIA HCKPLI BOCKpecaWIleH UCTO- 
pid, H TorgamAad WbHCTBATeEADHOCTh CMOTPHTS Ha BaCb BO Bcek cBOeH 
rayOoko BosHyomMeh Aymy ThrecHocTu... Borh Bb OOsacTA W093iH BH 
HaTaikHyaeTech Ba pa3sd0pb pasHuxb UpousBerenifi Jlamapruna. 
Bott BHbWwHSA NOXHTHEA HanoMMHAeTh BAM O ceOb TparaveckaMil 
HsebcTiama usb Pocciu 0 paskaBICHHOM BOsCcTaHin AekaOpHCTOBh H 
O TOTOBSNIUXCH KasHaxb. Borh H ABOPAHCKAS peannis, uw Oopbba 
IPOTHBb HOA HAaCHIbHO «pecTaBpupyemoi» Dpannin BE OesKoHe4- 
HEIXS pbiaxb weposb... Mbl mogquepkHeMb Hal6ombe THUBYHHA M'b- 
CTa oTul ujeHHoH MoleMHKH, He TOHACh CTpOrO 8a NUPAAKOMS, Bb 
KOTOPOM CMBHAIHCh OpaTOPH, HO 3a8TO [0 BOSMOMHOCTH TOGHO Le- 
pewabad MBICAH WOJeH pecTappalid# HX He CAOBAMH. 

Bb cyUIHOCTH, Kakb MHHUCTPH UH Depo, cTroarmie 38a NpaBATedab- 
CTBCHHHH 3aKOHOUPOeEKTh, TAK HW NapH, OOpoBiMiecd MPOTHBD Hero, 
HMBIH Bb CBOEMDS paciopakedii MatO PAaKTHYECKEXS AAHAHX’. Jpo- 
GuTcad wad He ApobutTcH coOcTBeHHOCTh, KOHUeEHTpUpyerca IH OHA, 
HAM «peBpanlaerca Bb UHIb», YBCAHIABACTCA HAH YMCHbUAeTCA YHCAO 
Bsa bAbMeBS, BO2ZPACTACTL BIH HBTS udpa UposeTapiesb,—BcB 9TH 
BONMPOCH HaxOJHAH cBOe pbolenie NpOCcTO-Ha-NpocTo Bb AyXx'’b MOIMTHEE, 
KOTOpOH AepRalHuch cb TOK M Cb Apyrok cTOpoOHA! npenApaBuieca, a He 
Ha (OuBB OVeHb CKYAHNXS H MadO OPOBbpesAbXxt PaktoBb. EquactTBeH- 
HHH Ma10-M@1bCKH Cepbesabli craTHcTHYecRili MaTepialt On Opomenh 
Bb fJeOaTH MHHKCTPOME (PHHAHCOBD, Ae-Buslelemb, kOTOpHi cunTaIb 
BO3MORBHMD KOHCTATHPOBaTb, HA OCHOBAHIH YACTHYHHXb MOJCYeTOBD 
HAIOTOBS 00 HBKOTOPHIMD JelapTaMenTamh, ITO cb 1815 m0 1826 r. 
«ZHCIO 3eMCIbHWXDB YIAcTKOBD (cotes), UlaTamaxt Meube 20 paun- 
KOBD HadOry, YBEAHYHAOCh NpHOAWsHTeABHO H@ OJHY ACBATYW, a YACIO 
YUAcTKOBh, DAaTAWUxs Sorbe 1000 pankont, yMeHbINHAOCH Ha OLHY 
Tpetb» **). Ho tTyTb xe OdauiabHH oparopb UpH6aBlseTh, 4TO 


*) Michel Augé-Laribé, ,Grande ou petite propriété? Histoire des doctri- 
nes en France sur la répartition du sol et la transformation industrielle de 
VYagriculture>; Mouneaape, 1902, crp. 56—57. 

**) ,Moniteur Universel“, M 95, orb 5 aupbaa 1826 (sacbyanie 3-ro anpbas), 


erp. 436. 


110 H EE KY XP HH Dd. 


YBeAHYCHIG YiCHA YYACTROBL MORCTL, MCMAY UPOINM, OLITh OOBAC- 
HeHO H OOAbMeH TOUHOCTEH NOC BABAX®S craTucTaR’b. A Takum obpa- 
30Mb CNY OCTABAIOCh NyraTb BoOOpamenie apoB TOABKO BOSBBIIC- 
HiemD oOmaro pesyabTaTa MOOHaHsallin seMeIb Nocrb 1789 r.: «Bh 
Teqenie peBOIONiH, MMYMIECTBa AYXOBeHCTBA H CTAaPHHHHXD KOplic- 
pani, NYDeHRWA BL Iposamy, Depemsa BB pykn 666.000 mnosyma- 
Tele; 440.040 yacTHHxb aug upiobpbau umymectsa 27.000 cemeti 
9MBTPAHTOBD; SEMA OOMIHHD CAYRHIH UpezMeToms 110.000 crbaAOKt... 
TAaRB ATO 1.222.000 HoBLIXh coOcTBeHABKOBS cMbAHIH 30.000 crTa- 
pHXb» *). 

Cb STHMB MOTH, COOCTBEHHO, COrMacHTbCa H MPOTHBHHKY Dpoesta. 
Ho BB TO BPeMS, KAR OHH TOTOBE OLIN IpHsHaTh @akTh Wbaenig 
OYeHb KPYHAHXb HMYMECTRb Ha cpeIHia, OHH OTPHMuIH GCyMecrTBo- 
BaHie JaabHbaMaro uponecca yzpofszenia uw fake yrrep#Aalu, 4TO 
pasBuTie MpOMHIMIeCHROCTH, CcOaqaBax HOBLIe KalluTadH, Heas6bxHO 
3aCTABISeTh OCbAaTh YACTh AXD Bb BUNS SCMCABHLX YIACTEOBD YME- 
peHHoH BeAHYHAL, 3aTO CHAOKeHHHXS OCTATOUHHIML HHBEHTApeM'. 
Ho Takb Kakb DeHTph TAKeCTH copa OL He sKOHOMHUECEIH, a 0- 
IuTHGeCKIN, TO 3AMUTHAKH Opoekta mponyckaarn MAMO yMeH STH ap- 
TYMCHTH, @ CTAapaIHCh OHTb CBOHMH pbiaMH BB OXHY TOUKY: WOKa- 
8aTb, 4TO pH cBOOONb HacabAOBaHiA H HeOrpanHyeHHOH BOSMOKHOCTH 
Wbienia 3emManH OyaeTh BCe YMCHbMAaTbCA H YMEHbINATECA INCAO WeH- 
SOBHXb H86upatexeH, cTO™ HeOOXOJMMHXS AIA NOACPRKRH AeTUTH- 
MHCTCKOH MOHApPXiv, PaBHO Kagb BOOOMe semMertbHad COOcTBeHHOCTB 
OYAeTS JeTKO MOOHAH3Z0BATbCA WH MPHJABaTh CBOHM'b KpPaTROBpeMeH- 
HHMb BialBIbUAaMb TY MOABARHOCTA MAHI, TOTS ANSami#t HoB- 
MecTsa Iu6epainsMb, KOTOPHH ymRe Myrals peagkgionepoBb Bb po- 
MEnUAeHHOH Oypsyaszin. BL FOBOIAXS HHHXB 23b PeOManOBs BBYWTh 
HOTH HeBYCMEICICHHOH JemMarorin, KOTOpad TIMHTCAH MOkAaBsaTb BCe 
BeAHYIC COMAIbHHXDS G6rarorbanilt, BHITeCKAaWMUXh 48% Camo NPHPOIH 
KpyNHOH seMexbHOK COOCTBeEHHOCTH, H DPOTHBOCTAaBHTb 9TOH MAHAIE- 
ueckOH KapTHH'S OTPHWaTeIbHHA CTOPOHHE Kpylwaro HHAycTpiasbAaro 
RanHuTaga. ; 

Takb, Ha TpeTifi xe JeHb UpeHifi Oupont fze-Monraszam6ept BO0- 
CEIMIACTE UaTeTHYeCKH, OOpailasch Kb CBOHMb KOIJeraMb: «He o4e- 
BHAHO 1H, 4TO TaM’b, rab Oesrpannysoe Wbaewie semebHOH coOcTBeH- 
HOCTH pascbuBaeTh H YHAYTORACTS DOAKTHYECKIM KAACCH Halls, T. e€. 
TOTH KiAacch, KOTOPHH ObAalaeTh AOCTATOUHHIMD JOBOALCTBOM H J0- 
CYTOMb, WTOOH SaHHMATbCA OOMECTBEHHHIMH J'hAaMH, TAM He MORETS 
ONTh HH HagioHaIbHaro AyxXa, HH IPHBAZAaHHOCTH &b ROHCTHTYDIH L0- 
cyjapcTBa? TloraomenHas HeoOxo,uMOCTEH 3a60THTbCA 0 CBOeME Ma- 
TePiaiIbHOMb CYUCCTBOBAHIH, TpPOMaAHad MACCA CTAHOBHTCA PaBHOAyH- 
HOW Kb XOLY OOMECTBCHHIXD WBA, KOTOPLIA TAKHM OOpa3s0M’ OcTa- 
BIATCA Ha WpousBorb cyazbOn... Hbrs Oosrbe KpynAHXxb codcTBex- 


ee 


*) Ibid. 


H8b ACTOPIH ABOPABCKOH PEARIIH. 11] 


HIIKOBb, M HBTb, CTAIO ObITL, Ayxa OOmecTBeAHOCTH (sociabilité), HBTS 
CeMeHHHX®S 4YBCTBB, ABTS Gombe oOOseraeHia yyacta OBIHHXb, HBTS 
oOmei OlaromeraTeIbHOCTH, HO... CAMO CTPAIHOG PABCHCTBO: PAaBeH- 
CTBO Bb Hummers... OOmectao npefcTaBiseTca HHHB pasybleHabiM 
Ha (Ba Klacca, H8b KOTOPHXS O1UHS, Mpesalmifica ToproBa’b, mpo- 
MBIMMICHHOCTH, PYYHOMY TDPYAy, CEAOHAeTCH KB pecilyOIMkaaCckuMS 
HJCaMb, TOTa kak Apyro#, pacnosaraiomit od@unialbHHMH MBCTaMH, 
MOXHHOCTAMH, YWHHAMH, BICIETCA Bb CTOPOHY NPHALANOBS adcolwTHOH 
BiactH. He ovepayqHo 1H Np TakOMb WoroKeHiH Bemef, uTO Ala 
u36bmania CTORHOBeHIA HM MO MepRania pasHoBbcis, camaa dopma 
Hamero paBiewia Tpe6yerh, 4TOOH CYDIeCTBOBaIb .UpOMemyTOUHH 
KA&CCb, KOTOPHH OHS, OPaTOph, HASHBaeTb EAACCOMD MOINTHYCCKUMD? 
CoxpaHHuTb oTOTh-TO Elacch H HMbeTh Bb BUAY Upelsaracmaa M‘bpa: 
OHDb BOSHHKHeETS Ha Hae no IBS, Korga OyzeTh UpekpalexoO ApoO.1eHie 
3eMeIb H BO8CTAHOBHTCA (aMUIbHad COOCTBEHHOCTh» “). 

Ene rpomge 2upupaMOt Bb YeCTh KPYNHHX COOCTBOHHUKOBD CpHl- 
BaeTCa Cb ycTb MapEusa Je-Kyasona (Coislin), koTopwfi mezaeTh HH 
MHOLO HH M@J0, Kak’ COBCBMDb HSBATH SCM HSB ChepH oOpamleniz. 
NepekaBh e@ Bh PykA O1aropOAHHIXh CeoOlAOBh, H PasBuBaAeTh Cb 
HenoxpakaeMOH HAaBBHOCTLW TIpeMMYMIecTBa KpylHOH seMeXbHOH co6- 
CTBeHHOCTH... AIA OaTpakoBb, TYTh Ke FhlaH BHMNalb BL CTOPOHY 
(POMHMIeHHaro KJacca: «Ecan He mocobmaTs nocTaBuTb Mperpasy 
STOMY SPOCTHOMY xpobseHilo, TO ckopo Ppanlia UpeBpaTuTca Bb 
FpyAY KPOWeVHHXS ywacTKOBh, HHYBMb He CBAZAHHEIXS Mey COOOW... 
KpyuHas coOcTBeHHOCTh He MOKeTb CO3aBaTh OBIBAKOBS BOKPYTh 
ce6Od, TaKb Kakb NOJCHITHEH Bb NOAHOH YBSpeHHOCTH MOTYTB HakTu 
Ha Hel Ty xe paOoTY Bb sTOMb FOAY, RAK H Bb Wpomsoms. Koau- 
GeCTBO STOO Tpyla OOHapymRuBaeTS CTpemaeHie BOspacTaTh BCI'bA- 
CTBie YCIBxoBb ceibckoH MPOMHINACHHOCTH, KOTOpad MOMeTh coBep- 
MICHCTBOBaTbCA HCKAWIATCAbHO Bb CTPaHAaXh Cb KpyNHOH coOcTBeH- 
HOCTbHO. JHMb OoraTHi BAiarbicikb MORETH AhAaTh UpeABAapHTeAbEHIA 
SaTPaTsl H BHHOCHTb DOTepH, CBA8AHHHA Ch STAMH ONHITaMH. Kpyu- 
HOe celbcKOe xosaicTBO ynoTpeOzseTb Gorbmte padowwxt pykd, WBMd 
CABAOBAIO OH MponopniowasbHO AAA BOsTbALBaHiA Noe Tok wae Be- 
AHHHHI; NOMCHOLARH, HAHHMaAeMEIe OoraTHMD BAaLbIbVeMsb, paboTawTs 
ropa3J0 MeHbile, YBMb Tora, KOTJa paboTala 3a cBoH coOcTBedHutt 
cueTs... He 6yjemb, ONHAKO, 3aBHJ0BATh OBAWARAMD, ITO Y HHXD M0- 
AYTIACTCA STOTH POA OTIHXA, HO MPH3HAeMb, ITO CCIM KpylHas 3e- 
MCIbHAS COOCTBEHHOCTh HE TONbKO He, cO3JaeTh OBAHAKOBS, a Jake 
KOPMHTL TSXb, KOTUPHe ye HaXOMTCH BOKPYrb Hes, TO eff Heyero 
BMBHATL Bb BHAY HeOOxXOJMMOCTh yCTaHOBAeHia TakCH Jia ObTHHXS. 
MoxemM> Ju MH Cka3aTb TO Ke CaMOe OTHOCHTeEIbHO MaHyPakTypHok 
TXPOMBIMAeHHOCTH? Crotb Ke HeyCcTOHIHBas, Kakb H Cava MONA, TaB- 








*) ,Moniteur Un‘wersel“*, Ne 91, orb 1-ro aupbaa 1826 r. (sacbrauie 
30-ro Mmapta), cTp. 417. 


‘ 


112 H E &Y APU HEH Sb. 


Wad efi cyllecTBoBaHie, 98T& UPOMBIMAeCHHOCTh He TOABKO AOImHA 
OOATHCA KalpH38a BKYCOBb,H KOHKYpeHiv, HO YacTO dabpuKants, 
COBEPINCHCTBYA CHOCOOBL NPOHSBOACTBa, HAXOAUTb CpexcTBO OOoliTHCh 
desb ThxXb pavodHXb PyERb, Kakid OHS CHAaYaiIa CaMb Ke ynoTpe- 
619.1b> *). | 
Ho eciH OCTaBUTb Jake Bb CTOPOHB MHbAie OTHXDS KpahHAXt He- 
OJalOBb, KOTOPHEe BhICKASHBadH YAUBHTeCAbHHS SKOHOMHYCCKIA COOOpa- 
HeHiA 10 MOBOAY cComatbHOH poau KpyuHok semeabHoH voOcrBeHHOCcTEH, 
TO CaMO NpaBHTexbcTBO, Bb AHS MHMBHCTPA WCTHOIR, KAaRb HeIb3a 
pa3sBa3Hbe OTKPLIBatO EKapTL AROpAHCKOH peagnin, NpaMo yrBepxyzas, 
"TO efi BukHa Jame He BCAKad COOCTBEHHOCTD, KAR OCHUBA NOpAAKa, 
& COOCTBEHHOCTh SeMe@ibHad, COOCTBEHHOCTD, MOFyMl4d CIYRUTb TOTKOW 
ONOPHL AIH 11aHOBb eoxaibHoH pecraBpauin. [pads gze-UWsaponsa — 
TaK'b 3BaJH MHHACTpa—COBeplWIeHHO SACHO PaSBHBalb 9TH BST1S1H, 
H3ykpaliad HXb CBOHCTBEHHHIM eMY, 00 BAIpamexiw OAHOTO ACTOPHEA, 
HaIBIeHHHMS Madocoms: «Ilyrewb nocroauHo sbictBymmaro # 10- 
CTOSHHO pacTymaro ApoO1eHia 3eMeIb, Bbl YBEIHGHBaeTe Hacesenie, HO 
ypeinunBaete Oorbe, YbMb-TO cablyerb Aya rocysapcrsa... Ba mpeBpa- 
maeTe Bb Ubldb 3EMCIbHYH COOCTBEHHOCTS H BHI OTHHM@eTe y Hes 
BlisHie, Jia TOTO 4TOOM epezaTb ero BaAabHiO JeHbraMH. «J alite 
ABINTb SCM1H,—pasqaWTcd KpHKH,—s8eMia cama 00 ceOB HA MOHap- 
XHUHa, HH femMOKpaTuyHa>. Jla, HO seMIA BHYMaeTh TbMb, KTO B4xa- 
WbeTb CH, HAKIOHHOCTH H MABHIA, OTAMUAWMIACA OTH HaksOHHOCTel 
H MHBHifi, BAYMaeMHXxt eHnexHO cOOCTBEHHOCTBW; BHYMaeTh MEB- 


‘His, MeHbe Gesnonolinnia wu MeHbe OypiuBHa, Oorbe NpORHKRYTHS 


MIOOOBbIO Kb NOpPAAKy, CMOKOHCTBIND H AOOPHIMD HpaBaM, Gorbe nos- 
xoqamiia w Oorbe OlaroupiaTCTByWMlia HATepecaMb UpaBHTeIbcTBa, KO- 
TOpOe OCHOBHIBACTS CBOH Upaba Ha UPOAOARATeIHOCTH H COXpaneHin 
ThXb UpaBb, Kakid OHO YCTAaHOBHIO; Gorbe notesHiid, CYBAOBATCABHO, 
lid MOHAPXiv, KOTOPad, OYBHAHO, AOARHA ONNPATECA CROpbe Ha 3se- 
MCIBHY}O COOCTBEHHOCTS, YSMb HA MHMOACTHOC Bialbuie NOABARAHX?T 
MK H8M'BHAIOMNXCA Belle, KakOBbId, He HMBA HH NPOWHOCTH, HH AaH- 
TCAbHOCTH, MOFYTb CAYHHT OCHOBAHieMh JADIb TAaRHMb yupemxe- 
HiAMb, KOTOPHA HeEMpOWHH HW H3MBAYHBH, KAaK CaMH OTH Ben» **). 

HecmMoTpa Ha HeCYEINAYW puTopHyeckyw opmy eTo# pbus, KorTo- 
pad awe Ha ACHOMb PpawUy3scKOMb AsHKb comepMUTS MACCY HesKC- 
HocTei, rdaBHad MHICIb OpaTOpa kKakb Helb3aH Goxbe onpexbaenna: 
9TO —IIpHsHaHie 3HaveHia TocysapcTBeHHaro MpHAUuNa 8a seMexbHofi 
H DUPHTOML UpPHBAIerHpoOBaHHOH cCOOCTBeHHOCThW, Bb IpPOTHBONOI0K- 
HOCTh <Je@HeRHOK» COOCTBEHAOCTH, T. ©. Bb CYMHOCTH-TO BCAKOH co6- 
CTBCHHOCTH, TlepeqBurawmekca H3b PYKb Bb PYKH Ha OCHOBAHIN 3a- 
KOHOBR COBpeMeHHaro OypxyasHaro OOMeCTBa. 








———ot 


*) ,Moniteur*, \ 94, oTb 4-ro aupbasx (sacbaanie 1l-ro aupbaa), erp. 428. 
**) ,Moniteur“, MN 90, orb 31-ro Mapra (sacbyanie, 29-ro mapta), crp. 
409--410. 








H8'b ACTOPIH AKOPSHCKOM PEAROIE. 118 


JWOOMHTHO, KAR BOSPAaHaAn Ha oTA BORLeIBHIA HPeosasoBs upo- 
THBHARH B8AKOHONpoekTa. HOALMIAHCTBO 43% HX, He Hallazada WpsMO 
Ha IpPHHNUNh JeTHTHMMCTCROH MOHAPXiH, CTAPAaAHCh OMPOKHHYTS 38- 
KOHONPOCETS UMEHHO Cb TOUKH spbuia comiasbHaro Mpa H DOABTH- 
weckoH ycTOHYHBOCTH, H& Y4TO Takb HalupaxsH peagmionepH. Kern 
pesKHMUPOBATh BKPAaTIOS MHBHIA STAXD CTOPOHHHKOBD Gombe rn6epatb- 
Haro Mipocosepuanid, TO CYTb HX aAPlyMeCHTaMiH sakAWYaeTCA BS 
cxbayomems. Cnoroficrpie Bb JepeBeHCRUXb MaACCAXb HACTYMHIO 
HMeCHHO Ch TSX DOpPh, KARS COOCTBERHOCTS, OCBOOOMACHHAA OTL (he- 
OlaIbHHIXD WYTh, PAaCUPOCTpadwszach BL Haulin, FBianle# 6esb crbcHe- 
Hif CBOH 8€MIH, COrJacHO JaBHHIIBUM’S OOHIAAM'S, OCBAILCHHHMS pe- 
BOIOHBHIMS 3aKOHOJaTesbcTBOm’. Ho oTo choxoficTBie AerkO MORCTS 
YCTYNHTh MBCTO BPAXIS H BOAHCHIAME, ECAH NpelAaraeMad UpaBHTess- 
CTBOMS Mpa cO8facTh UPHBAAETUPOBAHHHXS COOCTBCHHYEOBD Bb AMIS 
cTapIHxt Abrefi myackoro noxza. KpomB TOr0, HaCKOIbKO IIMpORb 
TOT Kpyrb. cee, Ha. KOTOPHXD OTpasHTca BAigwie HOBaro 8akoOHa? 
Ecam OH KOCHETCA HACIBACTBA TOIbKO TAKHXS AAW, EOTOPHA Ia- 
TATh He MOH'Be 300 PpankKoBD UPAMOTO NOZeMeAbHALO HAaLOTa, TO CTOHTS 
4H H8E-38 CTOAb UlpaHHeHHoh ciepH abiicrBis peqxaraemo# mBpa 
BOAHOBATE OOmecTBeHHOe ME'bHie? 

Tak, rpadt More cTraBHTb UpaBHuTeXBCTBY BOUpOCS: «Ja x CTapmie 
- CHHOBbA Hal{yTb-1H BE STOMD 8akoHS Oosbwis BHrogW? Heymern ch 
OxHOH xumHel YacTbw, mpHxoxzamelica Ha AXb JOAN, OHH OyAYTS BD 
COCTOAHIH HIPaTb pOAb TOKpoBUTereH# cembuH? IlpezxaraemH s8akoHD 
cxbraeTb Xb, CEBIOBATeAbHO, HOHABHCTHHIMH JAM Apyruxs Whreli, He 
JOCTHYHYSR Bb TO KC BpemA cBoe whan. Aro kacaeTca AO MAAAMAXS 
CHHOBeH H AO AOVepeH, TO pesyALTATOME UPHHATIA 3akoHa GyzeTS ape- 
BpaieHie Bb rposHyH AeMokpaTin Bchkb Apyruxb bref, o6esxos1eH- 
HHXb pal CTapwuxh, H3b KOTOPHIXS MpaBHTeABCTBO Haybercs oOpa- 
SOBaTbh CTOAb HaAkyW apuctokparTin... Ja a Ppavvis, BHBOAA U3b 
chepH oOpameHia yerBepTh HAH TpeTb BCce CYMMH Mepexosamuxd 
Telleph H8b PyYKb BL PyKH SeCMeCAbHHIX' AMYMCCTBL, DOLphReTs 
TiaBHHH HCTOUHHKS CBOeTO OoraTcTBa, COKpaTHTS cBOH HaNioHaIbAHit 
AOXONS H OYAeTL NocTaBxzena Bb HeOOXOAMMOCTE YBeIH4ATb Bb CAaMOMS 
CKOPOM®S BpeMeH™ HaxorH> *). 

pads Cameos moqiepEnBaeTh DXMPOBy HesHaIUTeIBHOCT TOTO 
KOHTHATeCHTa AHS, PAH KOTOPHXS OpaBHTeALCTBO AyMaeTh BOBSCTA- 
HOBHTH lIpabo HepBoporctsa: «i pobxenie coOcTBeHHOCTH ABAACTCA MOTY- 
mecTBReHHOK upHiAHOH BCeOobmaro NpouBbrakia 4 O6xarococTosHia Ha- 
poxa. Llotomy-ro 6oaTca He 8a Hero, & UpHOsNsuTeIbHO 38a 600.000 
cemeHCTBb, NiaTamux, 300 hp. nosemexbHaro Hadora, MemAyY THM 
KaKB OKOIO 6 MHIMIOHOBE cemef, He NAATADIAX TAKOrO HadOra, OCTa- 
HYTCA BHB WacTBia UpersAomeHHaro 8akOHa, Ha NOUBB OOWKHOBCH- 

*) ,Moniteur‘, [Ipuaoxenie kb NM 89 ort 30 mapta (sacbaanie 28 mapta), 
erp. 402. 

Pespanp. Ornbre |. 8 


114 HK E RYRPHUA SB. 


Haro Npaka... 3aybMb Bb TAKOMh CIYIAB TPCBORHTS CEMbH BBEACHIeNS 
BAROHOMATEABCTRA, KOTOPOG OHIO HEH3BBCTHO Bb 3HAYHTeCABHOH YWacTH 
(paHoysckaro KOPOAeBCTBa, & BS OCTAIBHOH wacTH OHIO 3aObITO 33 
nocabrgie 33 roqa?» *). 

Tepuors ze-[lyaseap eme pbsye noggepKaBaeTh HeMONyASpHOCTS 
mpoekTupyemMofi Mbp, ropops: «Ho#-rasie @pawny3sh MOTYTS, KOHeTHO, 
eme 3a0.1yKATLCA OTHOCHTEALHO HHTepecoOBh cROeH CTPaBH; HO Irbsas 
®pannis He omnGaetca; w eCAH OH NaaaTa napoBb yaxza ceOb Tpym 
IpOwTaTs NOJVIEHHHE e10 MHOTOUHCACHHHe MpPOTecTH, BMBCTO TOTO, 
UTOOH NepelasatTh HXb Bb KOMACCIN, Bpaxzedaoe oTHoMeHie EVTOpOH 
Kb THM ye O10 eff HBBBCTHO, TO ABTS COMHBHIA, ITO STH MeTH- 
Hit WpoHsBeiH Ob Ha Hee camoe rayOokoe BneyaTabuie> **). 

LBnpovemt, elle N0ITH Bb CaMOMB Hayarb npenift Oapons Lackse 
He@peBOANTh BOTpOcl Na NOYBY WoAUTHGecROH OllacHOCTH, KOTOpas 
TPO3HTb CTpaBB Bh TOMD crzyyab, ecan Gyxevh OTMBHEHO NONyAApsoe 
BAKOHOAACIBCTBO O HACABIOBAHIH, H MPOTHROCTABASIb AYXb CoMiasb- 
Haro KOHCEpBaTHi3Ma Bh COBpeMeBHOH, NOOpaBmelica Ao coOcTBeHHOCTA 
aepeBHB HecnoKofiwomy Ayxy cTapoH, roxozjapmefl nh Hamef xepeBau. 
JTn6epaabHn TWepb yRa8arb Ha TOT @akTb, ITO H Bb 0-PeBOIN- 
nionHolt Spannin o6tiqali papuarv nacrbgopanig? Bcbxd Wbred Dapsy 
Ha BCeMb Wh CTpawbl, &@ TAKE Bb .[OTAPHHTIH; YTO eCAH Ha CBBeps 
H Bb UeATpb OOHIAOG MpaBo OTAHYAIOCh pasHooOpasiewb, TO BO BCE- 
koMD pas, 3a NcemoyeHiems TeppHropia Ko (pays de Caux), Hop- 
MaHAckie O6HYaH, Hapanyb ch TlapHRckuMb, MpPH3HABAAH MpaBo ep- | 
ROPOACTBA AKINb M0 OTHOMeHI Kb ABOPAHCKBMS HMYIeCTBaMS. Ta- 
KHMD O6pas0Mb MpoekTupyemoe HuSM'bHeHie BL Upasb wHacrbyzopaugis 
CTAIO Ob Bb pasph3'h He TOABKO Cb PeBOAMNIOHHNMA 38akOHORatelb- 
CTROM}, HO H Cb SakOPeCHBANMH MpBABLIYKAMH TpoMagHaro GOABIIEE- 
CTBO HaceweHif, JHWb CAHSDIOHEPOBAHANMA HOBHIMB mpasom'’s. Ho 
CBA JH He CaMbIMb MHOFOSHaHTeAbHHIMb MBCTOME Bb pban Ilacese 
ObIH CAbLyOOIA copa: «Co BpeMeHH peBOIIOnIH 4WCcdo cobcTBeBHI- 
KOBb 3HaqHTeIDHO yseruyntocs. VW Rro ocMbBAHTCa OTPHUaTh, 40 
mexny 800 a 1825 r. HapomnH kaacch (classe populaire) Ox1z0 
TpyAnbe NOJHATh, YSMb UP CTapOMb sakowomaTeIacTBb 1764 r.. 
Hanp., XoTa On BL 1792 r.? Tyctb mpanomMaaTs OesnoKoficTBo, KoTv- 
poe NpHIBHHAB TOTAa K1acch UposetTapieBb, H HapoOsHA BOAHERIS, 
KOTOPHIA BHISHIBaIO Marbiwmee B3asopomanie MpOyETOBD> ***). 

Panpme MEI yxe YOOMAHYIH, YTO 8aKOHS O IpaBb vepspoposrcrsa 
OHIb OTBEPIHYTh Datatol MepoBh: OCTaICH IMDb Naparpadh o cy6- 
CTHTYWIAXT, He MBB BamwHaTO OpakTHyeckaro sHayeHia (OH, 
KCTaTH CkaszaTs, ObIL UpHHATb H Dararok genyTaTosb 10-rc mag 
1826 T., HeCMOTpa HA CONPOTHBIeHie SHAIHTeIbHAarO MCHBITHHCTBA, 


ee eee _— 


*) ,Moniteur“, 92 orb 2-ro anpbasa (sacbaanie 31-ro wapra), eTp. 420. 
**) ,Moniteur’, M 95 orb 5-ro aupbaa (sacbyanie 8-ro anpbua), crp. 436. 
#**) Moniteur’,“.Ne 90loTE 31-ro, Mapta (sacByanie 29-ro Mapta),’crp. 407 








Yds \McToPIM ABuPas Ku PEAR iu. 115 


MHbHiO KOTOPAO OTPAsHAOCh, MCKAY UPOUKMS, BL oHEpruyAoh pba 
Besxamena HKoncrasa UpoTuBs <rocmoscTBa kacTb»). Hackoabko Bb 
CTpanb 6ng0 panbile cHibHO Gesno0KoHcTs0, BOsbymAeHHOe BOSMOK- 
HOCTbW IPHHATIA 38K0H8, HACTONbEO Tellepb CHIbHa Oblda palvcib 
pH w“spbeTia oO ero oTBepxenis. UatoMuHanin, KalaMOypLI, ‘Topite- 
CTBeHHHe OaHkeTH, JaBaBlMiecd CTAaPMLMH vBHOBbAMM OCTAaIbHLIMS 
AbTAMb, DPOKATHIHCh. BuIHOH oo Ppanoia Hw NpHaAtH ocodeHsO 
Gombmie pasMbpH BS TOPrUBLIXh H MPOMBIMICHALXD MBCTHOCTAXP, 
H ONSTb TaKH DPeCHMYNICCTBCHHO Bb HACCICHHHXh KOMMePCaHTaMu 
ERapTasaxh. QOueBHAHO, TOHD DOOBIHHML TOPReCTBaMD 3ajaBala 
Oypxyasis. Copallapaerca, ub He HATEPeCH! SaTpOrMBaIb peaxniox- 
HHI sakoHOmpoekTB? He wago oco6esHO ray60kO0 aHadv3HpPOBUTb Xa- 
PakTeph Upeslarapmefica peosaiamu M'BPH, ITOOL! BANBTB, YTO Dpo- 
THB HOA NPOTECTOBAlO SaRATOWHOG KPECTLAHCTBO, Ce1bCKad OypiRya- 
3id H CBA8aHHad CL HER YsaMH pOACTBa H HHTepecoBh roposckas 
Oypayasiz. 

Koro gacalcad peakmgioHaHf upockTh? Tb6xb TOIbEKO, ETO NaaTadb 
He meHbe 300 pankoBb 3eMeabHaro Halora, YTO UO TOTAAMHYM'd 
PHCKAADHLIME YCIUBIAM OpesuoAarado COOCTBEHHOCTS, WaBaBMyO He 
meHbe 3000 gpankoBb 4sHcTaro rojonoro Aoxoxa. flcHoe A'bI0, yTO 
Aula, pacolaraBlid TAkBMb JOOPoMb, OTHIOAb He NPHHalzexaru 
Kb PAJOBOMY KPCCTbAHCTBY, & UpeACTaBIAIH pastH4HblaA Ipajanin 
BAAaNBIbNOBS, HAYHAad OT SaXATOUHHXS WH KOHWAA OOrarTHMu 4H 
upesBivaino O0raTWMH HeNpHBUAeCrHPOBaHHHMA coOcTBeHHAKAMH 
3emaH. Tosopw HeUPHBHACrHPOBaHHHMH OTOXY, ITO UpaBo WepBo- 
poycrsa Bb <OaarOposaHXxb» COMbAX H Oesb TOrO,OCyMeCTBLAIOC TOMA 
WyTemb MatopaToBh, KoTOpHe Onan BOscTaHOBAeHH! Hanoseonomt | 
H awe CYHFAIHCh pH pecTaspayid HeoOXOXUMLIMb ycJOBiemMb 
waOpanis WAH HasHauedia MepOM’b; UpH YeM' exerosnHh JOXoAIb Bd 
10000 dpaHkoBS ye 1aBarb UpasBo Ha ycTaHOBJeHie HusMaro Mali- 
Opata (BHKOHTCKaro HAH OapoHcKaro). A KpylHdol Oypxyasia He OH10 
HH4Yero Jerye Bb TO BpeMA, KAaKb HYTCMD cCBAseh H PasIHUHELX'b 
<YCAYrb» BAATCIbAWIMh AWTAMb WOLYIHTS ABOPAHCKOe BBaHie OTS 
KOpois. Takumb oOOpasomMb, 3akOHOMpOeRTB 0 lipaBbh vepBoposcrBa 
1826 r. HeCOMHBHHO HMBID Bb BUAY UpeMMYMecTBeHHO 38aKHTOUHOE 
KPECTbAHCTBO H CelbCKYN OypHyasziw, kau ropoyckyw 6ypayasil, Bsa- 
AbBOIyYH oseMeibHOH codcTBeHHOcTbW. Ho aAumb oto kareropix 
OLIZ0O CPaBHHTeCIbHO HeMHOTO: He BBOJA YHTaTeig BB MOApoORocTu 
BLIKA@NOKb, MEI MOKEMD OLPAHAYHTLCH YTBEPARAeHICME, YTO TAKUXD 
rxzaBh cemelicTsh Ob10 He TOIDKO He 600.000, sakb yrBepayalb BB 
TO BPeMA OJMHD HBb ANGePaIbHHXb WopOBt, HO BpAsd an Ovsbue 


100.000 *). 





*) Mponspoja HBKOTOpHA Onepallid Haqb QHPpaMH, MpHBOAMMEIMH Je- 
Buunetemb 010 HBCKOIDKHMDb ZenapTamMeHTamM® (cM. Moniteur N 95, crp. 436), 
ga HAXOXY,%To BE 1826 r. wa 1.617,339 unaTeabUHKOBS MosemeIbHaro Hagora 

8* 


116 H#. £ & YAP HG SB. 


Bott Hag’h Kako CpaBHHTeIbHO He3sHawHTeabHOH rpynnoh aAxIr 
XoTbsa OlepHpoRaTh ABOPAHCKad peakwia, cTapasch o6oco6aTbh ee 
OTS Wbxaro HacedeHia CTpaHhl H Mpexse BCero OTb KHBMATO OOK-0- . 
6OKb cb He# pAsOBOTO KPeCTDAHCTBA, NPOMHTAaTh ee CBOHMH (eOjasE- 
HLIMH BOSSpbHisMH H DPHTOTOBATD ce6b 485 Hed HOBHIXS A OKOp- 
HHXb Baccai0Bb, UPH MOMOMA KOTOPHXB pecrappalia Moraza On 
BIigTh HA YMH Havin. OTOT ONHTE cosmzania «eosaabnaro EpBr- 
karo KpeCTbAHCTBas Ae yfanca. Ceabckaa Oypmyasia, UpexBOAMMas 
ropoacko# Oypayasie#, 7aBHBMeH Bb CBOW OYepesb Ha TOrAalTHHXt 
ipexctabaTese# Hawin, OTBepraa Aaphl Oxaropoqmaro cocsoBia H OCTA- 
tach TBMS, YBMb ObIda: KOHCEPBAaTABHOK iAcTbw HacexeHia M0 OT- 
HOWeHIO Kb BONpOCY 0 yacTHOH coOcTBeHHOCTH, HO HacTpoeHHoOs 
BPyKACOHO H COBepMeHHO Bb Ayxb ocBoOosjusme ee BeanKoii peso- 
a0miH Kb BOPAHCKOMY THeTY HM Jae UPOCTHMD Won0sAsHOseHiaM) 
BPeMCHHO BOCKPeCMIHXS MeOAAAOBh HA MOKPOBATeAbCTBO. bops6a wE- 
TEPCCOBb MERAY TPYAOBLIM KPCCTHAHCTBOME H CeAbCKOH Oypayasiel 
@panuix, NOCKOADKY OHA OOHAPYHHBACTCA BS NOCaAbIHEe BPeMA, OX- 
TOTOBAAAACh Bb TeyeHie XIX-ro BhKA Ha NOIBB WeMOKPATHYCCKHXL 
yapeayeHi, HO OTHWAb He Bb CTBHaXh eolasbHoH TeMHHUH. [po- 
PAHCKaR peakiia noTepmbaa nopamenie a Bb comiaxbHoH oOxacTH 4g, 
BPCMCHHO 8AXBaTHBb BB CBOH PYEM DOAHTHYCCKYW BAACTh, OblAa yRe 
OKOHWATeABHO Opomiena sBoawuiek crpaHH BB acTopayeckii ayzaHt 
PAAOME Cb pashoH sapaagBoleicd BeTONILH H3b BPeMCHB COCEOBHO- 
a6coamTHOR MoHapxig. 


ly. 


Korga lepexoxHb OTb H8YYeHIA ABOpAHCIOH peaknin BO Dpaz- 
Hid Kb wBsyaeHio ZRopanckoh peagnin BB T’epmanin, TO HCONTHBaeHL 
NOGrH MusHYeCKOe OMlyMeHie NepeMBHH CTpaHH, EAHMATa, aTMocde- 
pH. Ilo mpasyw cropony Pefisa deoxaanH He TOIBKO He DOObaAeHH, 
HO OKasHBawTca noObauTexama, w nNoObiuTelAMA HE Bh OXHOMD 
TOABKO NMOAHTHYCCKOME OTHOMCHIH, 30 H Bb COniaaAbHOMb. Onmpascn 
Ha CcAa60CTh H HEMOATOTOBACHAGCTD. Oypmyasin EB NOAMTHIeECKOH 
Oopp6b, oon ycnbsanrs Bb GypxyasHoe oOmecTBO, Hayao KOTOpOMy 
6b10 n0xA0meHO BL Tepmanin pesorwonieh 1848 r., mpoHecTH cBOH 
eofaibHNH OpaBa, AOOHTBCA BOSHAarpamseHiA 34 HHXD Bb BHA H3- 
an61eHHarO «BCeOOMaro SEBHBANCHTa» MBIMNAHCTBAa, MeHerh, YEPBURTS 


-_ =— ee ee 


NpPHXOAHNOCh THM 1197 rnb, BHOCHBLIHXD kax0e Gorbe 300 gp. srore 
HANOrA, YTO COCTABIAeETS JHOIb 0,70/.. Takb Kakb Jaxe 00 IpesBHyAsRO 
ONTAMHCTHYeCCKOMY MABHIW DoBAIIA Bb TO Bpemsa WDpaHiiaf HAaCIHTHBaAA 
61/. MHANIOHOBL CO6CTBCHHHKOBD, TO DAATCAbINBKOBL TPexcoTs-Opawbeoparo 
H Gombe Hanora 6hi0 He Gombe 45.000—50.000. Ct apyrofi cropoHH! meHs0RE- 
KOBb (BHOCHBIIHXS He meHSe 300 hp. Bcakaro, a He TOABKO NOBeMeUbBare. 
pAMOrO Hauora) CuBTaIOch OKON0 100.000. 





H8b HcTOPiu ABOPaM KUM PEARULS. 117 


CBOG SKOHOMAYCCKOG NO.10meHIe, CAOBOMD, YMBAO H HacToHaHs0 OLy- 
TaTh AeCpeBHMO ys8aMH ComiaibHOH peakin. 

Tlepexoaa xb a306pameHin sToH peakuionHoH NOaHTHKA HbMel- 
EKHXb MeoalOBb, MH YYBCTBYCMb NOTPCOHOCTE Cb CaMaro me Haiala 
YCTPAHHTL ABOAKYHO HCTOPHeCKYW JCLeHAY, KOTOPad AOBOABHO CHAbHO 
pacipoctpaneHa H MeKIY CepbesHHMA USCABAOBATCAMMA TePMAHCEAXD 
oTHOmeHI#. [lojo6n0 TOMY KakB Ha DOUBB Ppangia Mw BCTpbiarHCh 
Ch OypxyasHoH xerenso#, OpHuncHBawmeH oOpasopanie Meakol Kpe- 
CTbAHCKOH coOcTBeHHOCTH peBorWMin, Ha nowsb Tepmanin mw BcTpb- 
WaeMcA Cb Apyro#, Ha ce pasb MOHAPXHYeECKH-NpodeccopcKol e- 
reHjo#. Ona raacHTt, ITO BEPXOBHAad BAaCTb, ocobenHO BB Iipyccixn 
H ABCTpia, BCerya On1a DORPOBHTCABHAeH KPeCTbAHS, AX s8alllHT- 
Hune# orb UpuTrbcHeHifi NPHBHACTHPOBAHBHIXS BAaNBAbVeBD; H UpH 
8TOM WpHOaBAAeTS, 4TO Bb pPesyIbTaTH HCTOPHYCCKArO KOMMPOMHCCAa 
Mey MOHapxielt mw eoxanaMH O50 co3sdano «KpbOKOe KpeCTbaH- 
CTBO», KOTOPOe CAYHATE ONOpOK OOmlecTBeHHAarTO DOpsAka UpOTABS 
BparoBh COBpeMeHHArO CTpos. PascmaTpHBad OesipHeTpacTHo ucTopiw 
repMAHCKHXS OTHOMeHIH MeERIY BAACTLIO H PAaSAHIHHMH KAACcaMH, 
MEI He MOKOML He Upifird Kb BHBOAY, BO-NepBHXb, 4TO Oxaroxb- 
TOAbHAA POXb TOPMAHCEHXD UPABATCALCTBS Bb ABAB <3allATH KkKpe- 
CTbhAHCTB&a*» CHIbHO IpPeyBCAMYOHAa; & BO-BTOPHX, ITO arpapHad 10- 
SHTHKS HMYOIAXS HW UpPaBAMuxth Klaccoph Bb Tepmanin He cosqada 
<KpBUKaro KPeCTBAHCTBa»,—eFO HeEYerO OAO COBJaBAaTh, 460 oHg yxe 
COBAAA0Ch PAaHbMe H ABMS OCBOOORHAOCh OTB KpBUOCTHOK 3aBHCH- 
MOCTH Ha n0%Bs arpapHHxt MbpoupiaTif#t, MbHOW TAROINXb SeMeIb- 
HHIXb H J@HCHHHXDE KCPTBS,—HO cossasa, HAH nO kpalvei mbpb 
apesBHiatso coxbAcTBoBara COS{aHit CeabCKaro Uposetapiata, 340- 
NOAYYHHXD HBMCNEAXDE OaTpakos's. 

Ilpemye scero, 470 KacaeTca AO MYHHROAWGCTBa XOTA OH Upyc- 
CKHXb Kopose#, TO aTeHie CaMAXb HC OFHb PaCHOAOMCHAHXb Kb 
HHM® HCTOPHEOBS IPHBOARTS Rb SAKMOVCHIM, ITO Bee, Upesupuau- 
MaBleecd HOCHTeAAMH BepxoBHOH BaactH BE Ilpyccia ch mbabw 
«Z3ADLBTH EPCCThAHCTBAa», OHIO BHYMaeMO HMB HCEAWYHTCALHO (a- 
CRAABHHMA H BOCHHBIMH cooépaxkeHiaMH, Kakb OH NOAYUHTH Cb Je- 
PeBHH NoGoxbMe JeHerh H NO6oAbMe peKPYTOBS, cooOpameHianys, 
KOTOPHIA AHUIb BO BTopy MoA0BaHY XVIII-ro pba craan 1046aaTH- 
BATBCA HICAMH DAATOHHICCKATO PAAAHTPONCTsA. 

Hajo YHTaTh AOSILHHXD uscabgoBaTeseH cyxe6s kKpBUOCTHOrO 
Epecrbauctsa Bposb Syrenxetima, y KOTOPHXS jO6pocoBBcrHocTS 
HMCTOPHES IOGONNTHO COeqHHSeTCH Cb YHCTO HBMCOREMS DieTeTOM 
K® BepxoBHoh BaacTH, ITOOH yOBAHTECA Bb CUPABOAAHBOCTH TOIBEO 
aro cyrbiaHHaro HaMH saMbuania. CraneTh, HalpumMbpb, Tako yqe- 
HEift TOBOPATS O NOMHTKAXS KOposeH YHHITORUTL KPbMIOcTHOe UpaBo 
ya CBOBXb JOMOHAXS, H OkameTcH, GTO BCB oTa Ppupzpaxu I, u 
@PpHApaxn BaxbreryMsEt I, nu @puazpuxa II Beasunie, u Spuspuxu 
BuabresbMy Il uckopenawrs kpbooctawyectso Ha 6yMarB BB Teqe- 


118 H EB KY APHHA DS. 


Hie cra XBTb, HO Cb BoMapeHiemb Kamkaro HOBAaTO EOpota UpHXo- 
ETCH UPOFBANBATh TY HC CAMYIO NpONeAypy, Kakb ecaH OH paHbMe 
HHYerO He ObLIO cAbIaHO, UPHYeMb, HECMOTPa Ha «<axOUHHe» YEasH 
(Prigel-Mandate), yyapW rpagqOMb CHUSINTCA Ha EPCCThAHHHA CO CTO- 
POHH! KOPOAOBCKHXD YHOBHUKOBD. Ato, BupOeM’, H HE YAMBUTCSbHO, 
HOO CaMH aBTOPH S8THXb TYMAHHLIXD Upesmnucasit OpH cayzab nyeqpo 
yromanwTbh WaskoH MYHKOBb, KOTOPHXS OHH XOTSTb Upiyaats 
OTHMD CHOCOOOMb Kb palioHasbHOl KYAbTYpb, KARL TO DpPOBALIBAIS 
xoTa 6H @®puzpaxb BuHabrezbNb I cb ANTOBIAMH, He HeLABMIHMH BOS- 
AbanBaTh KapTodesb: 

A 06% ormbab kpboOcTHaro UpaBa Ha SCMJAX> NOMBUIHROBb yah 
HM TOBOPHTb HeyerO: 3XBCb NPOCBBMOHHHH ACCHOTH8Mb BBHNeCHOCHHX’D 
KYILTYPTperepOBh Wacobarb BCH pasb Depel’b aHeproqHHMb Ipo- 
TECTOM BBPAHX ABOPAHD, KARB TO CXYYHAOCH, HAlpAMbpd, Cb UpH- 
kasoMb Ppuapuxa II orb 23-ro Man 1763 r. 0 «HeMeAeHHOM', a6co- 
‘QIOTHONS A OC8b BCARHXD jaibabimuxt pascymgzenifi (ohne das 
geringste Raisonniren) yaHuroxeHin kEpbuoctHok saBHCHMOCTH Kakb 
Bb KOPUJeBCKAXS, TAaKb H DOMBOLUYUXE H TOPOACKHXD JepeBHAXD»>. 
Ha 4To noMepanckift cocioBHn# celimb OTBBTHAD eEAHHOAYWIHO, TO 
«HEBOSMOHHO YAOBICTBOPHTh STOH MOHapoicH Boab». WU Ppurpux's Be- 
‘THK CMHPHACd Tepes OTHM'b KATeFOPHYeCkuMbd UNMEPATHBOMd pe- 
OaXOBb, aBb MOBO YC YUOMAHYTOMY HAaMH AOKALHOMY HCTOPHEY 
HauHcaTh CAbAYHOiA YHUITORAWDA CTPOKH 0 MHUMOMB HapoAoAne- 
CTBB Upycckaro KOpoOda H O ThcHOH CBA3H MORIY ABOPHHCTBOMS 4 
MOHapxHnyeckoH Smporpatied: «CayOxe xexami MUTHBL Oxsamgenia 
ero pe@opMaMioHHaro DN1a DpH LepBOMb HE CepbesHOMb COUPOTHE- 
eHiH, KOTOPOS OHS BCTPbIAIb Bb CBOHXb CTapHXb UPOBAANIAX’b, MH 
JOMKH UCKATb Bb TOMS, ITO «HAOCOMh H3b CaHCycH»... Bb STOMb 
OTHOMICHIN OLLIL—ysH!—OTHWAb He HACCOPh uw CTAABAIb CaAboe 
ipequourenie ABOopsHcTBy. VUssbcrao ero aspeyenie: «06hHKHOBeHHO 
TOABKO Y OAHOFO ABOPAHCTBA HU eCTb 4YeCTb». KcaH OHb YRC DOsTOMy 
He MOrb NoObg~RTD ceOs, ITOOW SHeEpPrH4yHO BMBMATSCA Bb STO ThA, 
TO Ob, Momany#, H He CUHTaIb ceOa Bb UpaBh pbMATLCA HA aT, 
Takb Kakb Ip TOrfallHeMb WOLOReHIK CBOeEFO TOCyAapcrBa He GOLID 
Bb COCTOAHIH UPHHECTH AOCTATOUHNA AePTBLI Aa ocBOOORKAeHiA KEpe- 
CIbAH', T.-€, BOSHArPalBTh HalleKalluMb O6pazs0Mb 0MBOLHEOBS, 
ROTOpHle, KPOMB TOTO, BMBIH Bb ABIB KOPOACBCKHXS UAHOBHHKOBD 
NOHCTHAS MOFYOICCTBEHAHXS cOWsHAKOBD» *). WM noqodnyw we rv- 
TOBHOCTh YCTYHaTb TpeOoBaHiaMt eosaloBh Upycckoe UpaBHTeAbCTBO 
OOHapyKHBalO HEOMHOKpaTHO # Bb XIX-MB croabriv, 10Mag H MCKa- 
Had CBOH IPOCKTH OcBOOOmeHiA KPeECThAH BCARKIM pash, Korga 








*) Samuel Sugenheim, ,Geschichte der Aufhebung der Leibeigenschaft 
und Hoérigkeit in Europa bis um die Mitte des neuuzehnten Jahrhunderts 
C.-llerep6yprs, 1861, crp. 883 (aro 206pocoBbcerHoe coywnHedie, coxpanapmeec, 
HeECMOTpa Ha CBOH MBCTAMH apXaH¥eckie BarAAH, NO. CUXb UOpb H3sBBCTHOE 
sHaveHie, LOLYIHAO Upemin orb HameH AKkagemin HAayED BD 1860 r.). 





H8% HCTOPLH JROPAHCROH PEARIIE. 119 


«IIe¢pBeHCTBYHMée COCAOBies MOARHMAAO IIpOTecTB BO HMA CBOHXB 
Y3KO-EHACCOBLIXh HHTePecoBD. 

He mbulaeTh KCTaTH Kb oTOH ombarh Syreaxeimoms cbBepHo- 
TOPMAHCKHXD PODOPMATOPOBh MPBCOCAHHATL OWBERY UMb KC WRHO- 
TOpMAHCKAXD HapoloAWOuess Ha TPoHS, Hamp., Mapin-Tepesin, o- 
TOpasd, HeCMOTPAH HA KpecThsHcKiA BOAHeHiA BS Boremin wa Bearpin, 
HE PBMAeTcA MpexIPHHATb, 10 eA Ke COOCTBCHHHIM CIOBaM'b. HH- 
wero KpoMb mbKOTOparo «O6zeryeHi9 KpecTBAHb», padoTawmaxt Ha 
AOPOTHXD eA CepALy ABOPAHS; HAM eH «ORaTOpoAHaro cHHa», Tocu- 
a II, xoropyit noryOuxb UpelNpHHATHA Bb BHTepecaxt NoMs- 
MLMIbHXb EPECTLAHD pedOopMH «CBOHMDB HesHanieMb A AOCTOMAHMS 
comarbHia HeOCTATKOMD TocylapcTBeHHarO OOpasoBaHia H UpoHata- 
TEIBHOCTA», TAaKB 4TO ero Opaty, eonompzy II, Upnmaoch BsATS 
oOpaTHo H3yaHHEH 6n10(22-ro aBrycra 1785 r.) locadoms II ofnETh 
o6% ommbab Epboocrsoro upasa, ofHkTh, UpHBeAMi Bb «NaTpiorH- 
yeckoe» HeTOsOBaHie BeHTepCKUX MarnaToRS *). TbMb-TO 2 XOpOMH 
HCHONHCHHHE AOAXH8Ma, HO JOOPOCOBBCTHHE HCTOPHKH BB poAB 3y- 
reHxelima, 4TO HCTHHA TOBOPHTS Bb HX padoTaxh rpoMye UX CHM- 
nati, HW ITO BE NPOTHBONOAORHOCTS OnOreHickomy Bakaamy, mpoHs- 
HOcameMy O1arocazoBesia BM'BCTO IpOKAATIN, OHH CaMBIA NOXBaIH BEI- 
HYRACHH MPOTHBE BOM UpeBpawlaTh Bb Opysie KecTOKOH KPHTHEL... 

He 6oxbe cocTosTeibna H JereHia 0 cosxanin «kpbukaro Kpects- 
sHcTBa». J'b10 o6crouTs Taxs. Pasrpom’ Lpycciu opu lexb (1806 r.) 
BHIHYAHXD WPAaBHTeACTBO, HAXOAHBINeecH NOX AaBleHiems Heronyi- 
maro OOMeCTBeHHarO MHBHIA, HBKaTb afHETE 9 oRTAOpa 1807 Tr. o 
HOBCeMBCTHOMS YHHATORCHIM KPBNOCTHOrO UpaBa HI, Kakb Bipa- 
KAWTCA WHMOH, «HacABACTBeHHALO NoAAaacTBa» (Erbunterthénigkeit). 
Ha rocyJapcTBeHHEIxb (0MaHiaABHBIX’) 8CMISXE OHO yae OBO N0- 
uTH YHHYTOReHO Kb KOHNY XVIII croxbria. Bauberb cb rbms mpa- 
BHTCABCTBO PBINHAO SACTABHTh CBOHX EDPCCTbAHD BEKYUKTS CBOH 
OapUlHHHHA MOBHHHOCTH, & CB ApyTroH cTOpOHH, BHeCeHieMD OCOOHX?D 
«BKYUHHX?® eners» (Hinkaufsgeld), upio6pbcra 3b coOcTBeHHOCTD 
Tb SCMIH, KOTOPHIMH KpBNOCTHHIe seMIeXBALNE Babi Ha MeHbe 
ITPOTHOMS Upash (HaCIbACTBOHHEIMD AAW HEHACIBACTBEHHHIM’S). ITA Oe- 
pamia 61a uporbiana BB 1799— 1808 IT., HO AnMb NO OTHOMeHIND 
Kb «YUPSKHHME> (spannfahige) KpecTbaHaMb, KOTOpHe Hw Gest TOFO 
yxe ONAH «KDPBIKHMH» BS TOMB CMHICIB, YO pacnolaramm jocTa- 
TOUHHIMD CKOTOMSB H BOOOMe HHBCHTApeM, PaBHO KakB paboyell cu- 
xo jaa Begexia camocToateabHaro xosaiicTBa. Hasna usBiekala 
ceOb UpPH STOME OYHS OMYTHTCIBHYW BLITORY: HO TOBOPA 0 3aM'buS 
HaTypaibaok MOBHHHOCTH ACHERHHME OOPOKOMS, OHA MOAyWaIa Cb 
KPOCTbhAHHHA 8a IpPOCToe YHCTO MopMaabHoe HBM'bHeHIie WPHARYeCKAarO 
1paBa HIM <THTyIa» Blarbuid oTb 100 xo 200 TaxepoBb emeroxHO, 
a BMbcTB cB TBMB ocBobomsalach OTS OOs3aTeIBCTBS CHAOKATS 


*) Sugenheim, |. ¢., erp. 395—397, 


120 H E KYAPH AG DS. 


OxIBMIarO EPBNOCTHOTO, BB CAYIAB HYMAN, CKOTOMS, CBMCHAMH, Xyb- 
6omMb, xBCOMB H T. X. Bcb OcTasbHbe SOMACKBALIH, OF0POAHHEH 
(Kossathen), pasaugHaro posa 606naH a «xaTHukH» (Hdusler, Bid- 
ner, Kathner) 4H OCTadHCh Bb DpexHeEMS UOAOMCHIA, HAH NOAYIHAR, 
CMOTPA 00 DPOBHHUISMh, XAHIIb HBROTOPYM BOSMORHOCTh BHKyIa 
CBOHXb PYYHHX MOBHHHOCTeH, COCTABHBD pesepBs Oyrzyme api 
CBOOOXHHXE OaTpakoB. 

Tlono6ant xe Upomecch BHKYNa Ob YCTAaHOBACHS Aid 0oMb- 
IHIbHXb KPCCTLAHD, IPHIeME Th HSb HHXS, KOTOPHE NOABSOBAAHCH 
Menthe POWHHMH UpabaMH Ha SeMIN («JaCCHTH», apeHsaTopH 
HT. J.), Upio6pbrasu ee Bb coOcTBeHHOCTA H BHIKyNasH Capmany 4 
HHEIS NOBHHHOCTA #H@ OCHOBAHIB ofMETa 14 ceHTSOpa 1811 r. H Je- 
Kiapali Kb 9MHETY 29 mag 1816 1T.,—9TO Takb HasHBaeMoe «pery- 
aupopanie>; 2 TB H9b HHXb, KOTOPHe yRe ONIH COOCTBEHHARAMH 
HAH HacABICTBCHHNMH ApPeHAATOPAMH S8CMIH, BHOCHIM BB BOSMBOTEHIC 
OapnlMAH eeTOAHYN PeHTY HAH 25-KpaTHHH eLHHOBPeMeHEHH BSHOCD 
Ha OCHOBAHIH «NoxOmeHia€ O BHEYIB» 7 inas 1821 r..—»sTo co6- 
CTBCHHO TaKb HQSHBACMHA <BHEYOS MOSCMCIbHNXL NOBHHHOCTeH>, 
(pacnpocTpaHeHHh HW Ha’ JoManiadbHHXE KpecTbaWh). CrbayeTb enqe 
mpH6aBuTb, 40 H Bb TOMS, H Bh APYTOMb cayyab, H BB caytas 
peryaHpoBaHigz, H BB caywaB BEIKYUa, KPeCTbABHHS He HHA MOTB 
AJHEBHAUPOBaTb CBOH OTHOMeHia Kb IpexHOMY BAALSALMY, KAR YCTy- 
NHBb CMY, CBOPXb BCerO Mpoyaro, KPYNHYH ox, OTS oAHOH TpeTE 
0 Who NOAOBHHH, 8eMAH, HaxoguBolefica paHbm@e Bb 60, KPeCTs- 
AHHHA, BAaSHIB, HAH OOHB8ABMIHCh UAaTHTh eMY COOTBBICTBYOMLYD 
JONOTHETCALHYW PeHTYy. 

Hezapoms Teoprs Kuannt, Bb caoe usBbcrHofi paborb 10 ocBo- 
OoRIeHIN KPCCThAHD, BOSPARAeTh UPOTHBS MBSHIA, BHAAMAaroO Bb 
upycckoH pedopmS coszanie HoBo# xpecTBaHCKOH coOcTBeHHOCTH: 
«Brpamenie «HOBO pacuperbienie cOOcTBeEHHOCTH» OTHIOAb HEIDE- 
OKHMO Rb OTHMb (akTaMst; OHO BHSHBAeTh UpescrapseHie, Kak 
GYIT) Bb CHAY cOOfpaxenifi 0 NOAeBHOCTH KPeCThAHAMS O10 NaHo 
4TO-TO, YeTO OHH He AMBAH NO TOTO BpeMeHH; KAKB OYATO TH «Ho- 
BH COOCTBCHHHEH» CTaAIH OOAANATS Teleph OOAbMAMS KOAHYCCTBOMS 
SeMIH, WBMb Upeaye, Mey TBM Kakb Ha CaMOM'-TO AbAB OH 
BlaybOTE Teleph MCHbIIMME UPOCTPAHCTBOMS ef, XOTA H HA OCHO- 
RaHin «1yamaro» Upapa»*). ABTOPE UpPAMO UPHIHCHBaeTh XHMb 
SrOHCTHYCCRAME CTPaxamb eosasOBb pH OCBOOORAeHIH BOSHHEHO- 
BeHie JOMHOH HAeH, AKOOH <rocyxapcTBO, DOXHHMAACh Halt HASDIHME 
chepaMH TpasumioHHaro pana, OTHAIO BAACTHHMS UPHEasSOMh SOME 
Y MOMBINHKOBS, ITOOH NokapHTb ee EpecThAHaMh» **). A BHAATS 


*) Georg Friedrich Knapp, .Die Bauern-Befreiung und der Ursprung 
der Landarbeiter in den dJteren Theilen Preussens‘; Jleiinngurs, 1887 r., 
YACTh nepBad, cTp. 832. 

. **) Ibid. ‘ 











H8'b HCTOPiH ABOPAHCKOH PRakuta. 131 


TAaBHYW OCOOEHHOCTS PeopMH, HapaBHB ch ocBobomsAeHiems KpecTb- 
AH, Cb HSOLITEOML BOSMBILCHHHMB ABOPAHCTBY, Bb <OTCYTCTBIL 
BCAKarO NomeyeHia 0 xo3sitcTBeHHOMDS HoLomeHin ocBobomRAeHHHIXS H 
BHOBb BOSHAKMIAXS COIBCKHXS padounx'» *). 

Jibu0 BB TOMS, ITO OLepania BHEYNa H peryxAupoBaHia, KOTO- 
pas MOraa COBepmaTEca Oo Tpe6oBaHi JAMUIb ONHOH U3b CTOPOHT, 
COCAHHAIACL OOHIKHOBCHHO Cb YHHYTOREHIOME NOCKBAHAXD OCTATEOBL 
OOMHHHATO BAaKBHIA: ToOcHOsCKoH H MYHHNKOH yepesNOxOCHIH, MpH- 
HYJHTCABHOH KYILTYPH, OOmaro BHUAaca ckOTa Ha HHMBLS, Bb DOMB- 
MHUbOME H JOPeBEHCKOM®D Abcy wT. OU. Llozysaa oTpyOxolt yyacrTors, 
<Kpbuskifi» KPCCThAHHES UPOHSBOAHAIS NepTypOalin Bb NOSeMeAbHEIX' 
OTHOMCHIAXS OFHOCOIbIAHD, OCBOOOMAACh HapaBHb cb NOMBMHEOMS 
OTb C€PBHTYTOBb, KOTOPHe OAH NOACSHH MCARUMD SeMICIDALNAM; 
HO, 06e3{010Ba8 HX, OHS CaM, KAR MH BBABAH, DAATHACA AeTAAb- 
HOH oKcOponupianieli sHadHTeALHATO KOAMYCCTBA SCMIH, HaxosuBmelica 
PpaHbe BE CTO YepesOIOCHOMS BAANBHIH, BL DOAbBY MOTYMECTBEH- 
Haro cocbya, KOTOpHH ocTaBaics ANOAMHMD WBTHMeMS rocyxap- 
CTBA. 

Hakonerp, D0cebJHAA YepTa, JOPHCOBHBAaWMad 9TY KAPTHHY BH- 
HYRICHHOH TOCYAapCcTBeHBHMS paslpoMeMb pPe@OpMH, s8akANWaeTCA 
Bb TOMb, ITO BHKYIS JOSBOJAICH OUATH-TARH TOKO «YIIPAXHEIMD», 
HaHOONbe COCTOATCABHEIMS KPCCTbAHAMD, KOTOPHO H paHbilie OWI 
<KPBIEHMH» XO8H@BAMH, H BOCDpemaicd BCBMb OCT@aIbHHIM SeMAC- 
ABAbUAMD: ONHOAOMAIGHME H SesAOMaIHHMb «OTOPOIHHEAaM», OOOHI- 
ZAM H BOOOME TepeBeHCKOH MeaAKoTS. OTO OHNO CA'bIAHO CL COBEpP- 
ICHHO OUpexbACHHOK H COSHATCABHO MOCTaBALHBOK cebb «pedopma- 
TOPAMH» WhAbW OOesMEIHTh NOMBOAKAMD ObMyH.- OapoHAy uw jAelle- - 
BH TDPyYFb ceMbCKarO HaceleHia, cTOABMaro Ha rpaHHIb cobcrBen- 
HHKa H OesxoMHaro Dposerapis. 

C TAKAMS-TO «Kp BIRAMD EPCCThAHCTBOMb» H KXACCOMS DorycBobos- 
HHX®b OatTpakoss Ipyccia 6Hua sacrurnyta penomnieh 1848 r., Memry 
TBM Kakb BS ABCTPO-Bexrpia sTuTS xe BeAHEIA eBponefickifi DepeBopoTs 
BAaCTA&ID BIaCTh COBEPMICHHO OesyyacTHOW Kb NOLOKEHIN KPeCTLAH'b. 
H6o0 s,beb pepopmy xonna XVIII-ro pbra, yHuITOmAaBMIA IZIHYH 
SQaBHCHMOCTL EPBMOCTHHXD (WaTedTH 1781 nH cABLYOMAXE TOJOBE Bb 
ABCTPiH, 1785 r. BB Bearpix), octaBasau Oapmany HoeTpoHyToH, u 
HOMHOTie 3aKOHH, A8JaHHHe BB 30-xb rogaxb XIX croxbria u orpa- 
HHIHBABUie DOOOPH DOMBULRKOB', CYMeCTBOBANH TOXbEO Ha Oymars, 
Hago On1x0, Hanp., xecToKOe BoscTaHie rauauifickaro KpeCTbAaHCTBa 
BB 1846 r., wTOOH UpdBATexbcTBO w3fak0 HMB Mano SHadeHiA 

WaTeoTs 0 6apmunb 13-ro anpbaa u paspbmenie ycxOBB4aro (M0 J0-. 
TOBOpaM) BHKYNa KPCCThAHCKHXS DOBAHHOCTeH 12-ro Aekabpa 1846. 


@e 


ee A Ne: NE SAE ot 
—_—_ ——— 


*) [bid., crp. 826. 


' 122 H. BE. EY AP HH S. 


Vv. 


Muoro nmHcagxoch 0 ApaMAaTH¥eCKAXS JHAXS peBoawnin 1848 r. Bb 
HbMenKUXxS ropoxaxb. Ho w ABuKeHie AEPpeBeHL CONPOBORAAAOCh Apa- 
MaTHUCCEHMH cCijeHaMez. J600HTHO, JTO HaHOoxbe CHABHHIC arpap- 
He 6e3sf0psXka BCOWMXHYIH Bb BwopremOeprb a Baxexs'’b, MOUTH kak 
pash Ha ThXb caMHXb MBCTaXb, KOTOPHIA TPH CTOXBTIA TOMY Hasaxs 
OHAH TeaTpOMh BeAHKOH kKpecTbancEOH Bolts. Yxe Bb CaMOMS Ha- 
yar Mapta, ropacTHi OjzeHBalbyb BH UMAOMOPOAHAA AornHAa Taybepa,— 
TaRb Hashipaemh TayOeprpyais,—sarbm'b MBCTHOCTS; H8SBBCTHAA M0Xb 
uMeHeMS Kpafixray, # Boo6Ome HaxHee TeyeHie Hekkepa HaBOAHHAACh 
TOANAaMH OYHTYWUIEX KPCCThAHS, KOTOPHe OCAKAAXH SAME TOPAALXd 
eolaioBb, MPOTOHAIH UPOCAABABMIHXCAH ReECTOKOCThW COOPMTRECH 
PeHTH, AIH UepraMeHTH, OapMuAHHA H apeHAHHA KHuTH. Ilopow 
WBIO AOXOAHAO H AO NOMMOTA CaMHXDS SAMKOBD, ITO Walle CAYTAaLOCh 
Bb UMBHiAX', YUPaBIAWMie KOTOPHIXh 8aCXYRAIH HeACCTHYH KAA 
«KPCCThAHCKHXS RHBOZEpoBb» (Bauernschinder), Bb ocobeHHOCTH xe 
Bb CTAPHHHOMS BlopTeMOeprckoms rpadcrsb LTorenz09, BOAHS8H TOrO 
camaro Befinc6epra, KoTopHfi Ona Bb 1525 r. cBaybrexeMh Recto- 
Karo Wopakenia pHiapell BOSCTaBITHMM KpecTbAHaMH. 

«daMoKB Befizept, — pasckasWBaeTb HCTOPHED TepMabcKof pcso- 
IHi#,—O6HAB ocamzeHE 300 KpecTbaHb. Bb BeXHKOYBOHOMD Syaull 
He O10 NOXHINeHO HMH HH OHOYO OdeHHHTa, HO OyMarH OHH CO 
HIAH JO mMocabawsro Kx0GKa. «I 'yayu, TAH, BOTH elle ACTHTH Ib- 
tymoxnl!» (Hui, da fliegt wieder ein Kickerle),—pasqaBaauch BOCEIE- 
IWaHis#, KOra CHMAIHCh HCKPH: A’bA0 BB TOM, ITO KPeCThAHe AOIRE 
OHI IPHHOCHTb MHOTO KYPB Bb PeHTHYW KOHTOpY... Ba AHA Cycts 
NOABHAOCCK By’bch 200 coazaTs. Ho Hapol> UpHHar, Tako yrpoxman- 
iif BUS, YO BIaCTAMb MPHMIAOCh BHINYCTHTL YRC APCCTOBAHHHXS 
OHIO <3aqHEMAkOBS». Bb Huayepmrerrens Xb10 BHO eme cepbes- 
ube. TaMb RPeCTbAHE CHECIM Bb KYW HW NWOAOMCAM <ICHHHA KHBTE> 
asopya Toreni09; cb 6yMaraMH sarophica MH 8aMOKb, 6oxbWad WAacts 
KOTOparo Oba YHAITOMeHA DORApoM's... «Hime cb ceMbH BSaMnRaNe 
CHYIuTCA TOME CaMOe>,—passaBalOCch Bb TOMB KpecTbsHb. Be Apy- 
TaxXb MBcTaxt, BB Ilsapnpaabrb, y Hetten6wpra, no HKoxepy, wv 
Axcry, 6510 MHOFO DIYMy HW KoWaupeh mysHku. XoluIA sxoOBbuTe 
CAYXH O OO1bIIOM saroBoph KpecrhaH'b, KOTOpHe 6yATO OH XARIHYTS 
H3b TOPHHX JOXHH' H CPAaBHANTS Ch JHDOMb 3CMIH BCC, ITO TOAbEO 
HAaNOMHHaeTL O PeCOaIbHAX BPeMCHAX’. BL WIMAKAXb pashaBadKcs 
BOCEIHNaHia: «Zol0# miapokb uw ono pasOoliauaba rabsgzal> *). 

Tjurupyemifi MHOW aBTOpb Xopomlo pHcyeTb HacTpoeHie, OBAAaTbE- 


*) Wilhelm Blos, ,Die Deutsche Revolution. Geschichte der deutschen 
Bewegung von 1848 und 1849; Hiryrrraprs, 1892, erp. 88—89. 





H8b HCTOPIH ABOPSHCKOH PEARIIIB. 123 


mee He TOABKO apHacToKpaTie#, HO H Oypmyasieli, Korma KpecThaHcKia 
BOAHCHIA JOCTHTAH TakOH cTeNeHH HAaNpAReHHOCTH: «Bosctanie jepe- 
BCHCEAIO JWAa Bb TOTh CAMB MOMCHTh, KAR TOPOLb HAXOAWACA Bb 
BURCH, 08HAIAIO, 10 HXb MH'BHID, OesrpanHIByW cOMiaIbHYH peno- 
AWM, YTpOHABMYH MOFAOTATh BCe, — OCTATEH CTaparo eoxasbwaro 
Mipa BMbCTB cb HayaTkaMH HOBaro OypxyasHaro o6mectsa. IIo- 
TOMY-TO HMA H OnIXa OOHAPyReHA Takas YCTYNYHBOCTS NO OTHOMIEHIN 
KB EPeCcThdHaMh H OKa8AaHO TaKkOe CONpoTuBAeHie pabovemy Haposy 
TopoxoB. Cb NOWOASHOBCHISME Ha TOPOACKYW ComiasbHyW peBOAWIN 
65110 He TPyAHO CIpaBHTECA, KOTAa KpecTbAHe OAH YAOBACTBOPCHH» ~). 
Ho, Bb kagecreb yepesiyp  lWpsMoisHeitsaro conias® - KemOKparta, 
BurbreibM> b10cb CAMWIKOMD MpeyBeAUYHBAeTd OLICTPOTY HAaCcTyOABDIAaro 
ycnonoeHia Mey KPecThAHaMH, NMOcaAB TOTO KAR CAMBMH COCKOBHEIMIH 
CceliMamH HBEOTOPHXS TOcylapcTBS OHA MpelwOROHS BHEYMS BCSXD 
@eosaibHHXb MOBHHHOCTeH H HBMbHeEHIie 3aKOHOBS 06% oxoTb. He 
cefiaach KpecThaHe «CTBAAIHCh KOHCEPBATHBHH, A&HTAPCBOINMIOHEH, 
HWpoOsBAIH CBHPBOYW O6OBb Kb Dopagey (ordnungswithig) a noz- 
KepxKaia peagnin», KOTOpad cb ycIbXOMb HayCbRuBada “Xd HA «Tv- 
poxaub». Hao6opors, HyxxHO O10 MpoHTH He OHOMY MBCALY, HYRHO 
On110 Oypxyasin OOHAapYRUTh OTBPAMleHie Kb KOpeHHOK pedopmh arpap- 
HBIXE OTHOMeHI#, TOOK RPCCTbHHCTBO, pasOyapoBaHHoe xAHNGepatn- 
HHMSB Haponoiwbiemb, OTXAHHYIO OT peBOAWDIA H YAOBOABCTBOBA~ 
HOCh peshopMaMH, DpesAOReCHHHMA ef HeoqarbHo-OMpoRpaTH eckosk pear - 
mie#. Bb sToMh OTHOMeHIA YHTaTeAB HafiyeTh NONpaBEY KO B3raA- 
amb Baoca jake y Takoro He MeHBe ero UpsMOIuHeHHAarO coniarh- 
HEMOKPaTa, KakHME aABadeTCH Mepnurs. Croats TOmbKO upo6beath 
xoTa 6H raasy «I panecenie BL ReprTBy EpecThawb» Bb ero «Hctv- 
pin whmenko# comiant-Jemoxpatin> *), YTOOH BHABTL, RAE HO COOCT- 
BBTCTByeTh TOraMineMy xofxy seme o6snHeHie Baoca BB CKOpono- 
CTHEHOH, eClH MOMHO TAKE BHDPasHTbCH, PeaKMiH RpeCTLAHS. 


VI. 


Ho # Toponawcsb nepefith OTb sTHXE yxRe O6oOmawmmaxdb padors 
Oo repManckOh pcCBOIWDIH KD CHIPHMb MATePlalIaMb 900XH, KUTOPHIC 
AYAMC NOMOTYTH YATATCAIO YACHHTb CMEICIb comiaibHo peaknin, MMo- 
opBabnmef pepononin 1848 r. Ch stow WBabIO A OpuBCAY AHCKOABKO 
BBIAAWMAXCA MBCTh H3b Mpenifi NO EPeCThAHCKOMY BONpOcy Bb Oep- 
AHACKOMS «coOpanin, CO8RAHHOMTL — KAERB TAACHTS ero Ouviarpnnit 
THTYIb—JIN NpHMUpUuTeAbHOH BHIpaGoTKH Mpycckot rocyzapcTBenHoti 
KOBCTUTyoin». Yntas crenorpadayeckie OTIeTH BEIPOCMaro H3h Map- 
TOBCKOH peBolwWUiH Mpycckaro NapAlaMeHTa, CONPHKACasCch JHNOMB Kb 





*) Ibid., erp. 90 ; 
**) Franz Mehring, ,Geschichte der Deutschen Sozial-demokratie*; Ityrr- 


raprs, 19038, 2-e nez., 7. II, erp. 45- -55. 


124 H EB ORYRPHHEA SD. 


NMIY Cb CTOABDIHMA TepeXb HEMb 3aa4aMH 4 HeMOCPeACTBCHHHN’ 
oTpamenieMh HXb Bb pbiaxb OpaTOpoBs, MH MOAKeMB Aye pey- 
cTaBHTb ce6b, Bb Kako crelleHH HBMelRaa Oypxyasia He OKaBarach 
Ha BHICOTB cBoeH oOulecTBeHHOM 3aqadv, H KaKb AOBKO, Hadboport, 
MAHeEBpEpORada (eosaIbHad peaks. 

Korga Bb abrycTb 1848 r. noxHHMaNTCa AebaTH 0 HEOOXOAMMOCTH 
YAPOAHTS OCOOHA OKPYKHHA KOMHCCIM JAA peryxMpoBaHia oTHOMmenili 
MCLY CCALCKHMH XO08HEBAaMH H OaTpakaMH, TO OOABMIHHCTBO coOpasis 
H& CIOBAX® ele OOHAPYRABACTS CHAbHYH AWGOBL KB TPYAAMBNCA 
MaCCaM> JlepeBHa. CaMb MA@HACTPS Topropan, adpucanTs Masse, 
Ha sacbjanin 16-ro aBrycTa, MpOHSHEC COFYBCTBEHHYW PBbub Hacer 
NOAOReHIA CCIBCKAXD padow xs, TOBOps, ITO ecaH OW OHD OOpamacs 
EB coOpani He CO CKaMbH MAHHCTpa, a Cb TPHOYHH jelyTara, 70 
«NORAsarb Ob, KAKS JepeBeHckie MATEAH, KAR’ SeMIeAbALYecKIA Upo- 
netapiaTb ropasgo Oorbe yrueTeHb, YSME PadpwisHe H NPOMHIMAeH- 
Hne padovie BB AMOOH YacTH cTpaHH. fl Morb Ob pasckasaTb BaNt, 
KaLb COJepKaTs snjeH BL XepeByb, Kak_ Bb Cuasesin ene Teneps 
ecTh pabouie Bb CeABCKEXS MPOMEICIaXh, ENTOPHe MOAYIAWTS MACO 
IHIb 1Ba-TpH pasa Bb Fob, KAKB OHH padoTaWTs 6e3b ycTraaH Ob- 
anf JeHb Ch BOCXOMa H AO 3akaTa COMHDA, MORAY ThMb KAkb CKOTS 
MBBACTCA BL YIPAREB, WH KAR BAATBAbMH He NOSBOARWTb HM OT- 
NOXHYTh Jake HOW, HOO TOTNAa OHH AOAKBHW padoTaTh Bb cTOH- 
maxb» *), 

MoxHo 65120 6H, KOHOYHO, 8AN0X08PHTb MCEPCHHOCTA \8TOrO ME- 
HHCTpa H8b HabpewRAaAHTOBb, KOTOPHH cuocobeHs w800pasHTb Bb 4e- 
pesiypb YepHEIXS Kpackaxhb WOAOMeHIe CeOALCEHXD pabowxs, wow 
UPOTHBOCTABHTb eMY NoxXomeHie MabpHIHHXb, OxarokeHCTBYWMAXt 
TOXb arHjok IpOMHMACHHNXS KalnTAIHCTOBb. Ho Ta Re cawad yRa- 
CAaWMAA KAPTHHA OITA CEABCKHXD OaTpakOBh pasBepTHBacTca BE pt- 
Waxb UpekcTaBuTeselt OTE CaMHX’b pasiIw4HHXxb mbcrs. [pasexy ene 
cioBa XBBarTO AelyTaTa Octepb usb petucKo MPOBAHIiH, cxoBa, 
KOTOPHA SaMbiaTeXbHH TBM, YTO BS HHXb YEKASHBaCTCA Ha O4zalv- 
wbreibHoe Biiddie pakMysckaro sakOHOMaTeAbCTBa, UPOHARMAaro Bb 
mpapeftucryo Tepmanin cb sapoepaniama Hanozeona I. Bospamas 
Renytaty Ilrynoy, koTropni JOkasHBarb, ITO Bb sTHXh MBECTAXE BCC 
noOpo 3bx0, J OcTepS TOHKO CXBATHWBaeTS TOMHHA H CBBTALA CTOPOHRH 
peucro# IIpyccin: «Cmubpo ysbputb, ufo noxomenie Abb 8ybCb He 
Takb OlecTaMe, KAaKB HB0OpamaeTs ero r. Itynonb. Y Hach Babero 
cTaparo eo,aiH3Ma MOSBHACH HOB, a HMCHHO TOTS, KOTOPHH co- 
3NaH'b KPYNHHMH SCMCABHHIMH TOPIOBUaMH, HIH, &akb Bb HACMBIIEY 
HXb Ha3hIBaWTb EPeCThAHe, <«3CMCIbHHIMH Pb3akaMA». OHakO, BEI MO- 
meTe NOMYCTHTb, YTO BCe Re Y HACh eCTh OOAbMOE NpPeHMyMecTBO 











*) , Stenographtische Berichte iiber die Verhandlungen der zur Vereinba) ung 
der Preussischen Staats-Verfassung berufenen Versammlung“; bepauns, 1848, 
T. II, erp. 836. 








43% HCTOPIH ABOFAACKOH PRAKIIIE. 125 


Hepekb cTapHMH UPOBHAWiAMH, TAaRb Kakb Y HACh, Kb ouacrito, BeBO8- 
MOMHO HAaHATS paovTHHEa 38a TpH sHAbGeprpoma (oKox0 14 Kon. H. K.) 
BB J@Hb; CpeqHAA sata ATOMS AOCTHTaeTh wWecta suyLG6eprpomelt 
(28 son. H. K.) wa xosaiickaxa xapgaxp. Ho stays mt o6s3aHH 
Kakb pasb TOMY CYACTAHBOMY OGCTOATCABCTBY, TO Y HAC BCS deo- 
J@IbHHIA NOBAHHOCTA H OapmtHHa Oni OTMBHeEHH 6esb BCAEArO B03- 
Harpamjenia. OTAMS MH OOA8aHH pesyibTaTaM® TO sHaMeHATOH HOUK 
4-ro aprycta 1789 ©., Bb ROTUPYH OLLIO NPAHATO BeIHEOe pbmexie 
COBepMeHHO YHHYTOAHTS 9TO rHeTyMec Opema, 0O6s38aHh pesyAbTaTaM?, 
PacUpOCTpaHHBUIMMCH H HA Hally UpOBAHMIW, Oxarolapa ycubxam'b 
(pannysckoh pesoannin. 3xbcb*xe ACKHTS H UPHIWHA TOTO, §TO J 
HaCh HeHSBBCTeHS TosOsAHH THD (Bpaso!)» *). 

Jeuyrars [Inneps 23% Bocroanok Ipycciz pasckasnBaerh Bce 
Ha TOMb xe 3acbyanig, ITO y HAXD HepBAKO BCTPbyiawica NOMBINAEL, 
«KOTOPHe HG JaWTh CBOHMS ANAAMD OOBaTh, MOTOMY ITO EARS TOABKO 
TB MpHHAMAaWTCca 8a BAY, TAaKB cefiyach me passaetcs xXosaiicsifi sBo- 
HORS, H OHH JOJKHH HATH Ha pabOTy»; DOMBIMEH, ROTOpHe KaxLyW 
CyY660TY UPHKasHBaWTh CBOAMB YUpaBARWUMMb H HAICMOTPIAKaMS 
38 patowsMA HeXSMBHHO «01aTHTb HMDS YAAaPaMH»; DOMBULBRA, HakO- 
Heb, KOTOPLIG JepxatTh pabowxb abrb yo 40—50, a Korga TB co- 
CTapBAHCh, TO AQWTb AMD OCOOHH BoaTift OnxeTS (Zettel), cb kOTO- 
PHM axe FBTH BX, ABYOA pH uwhHiA, He MOTYTA AXB DoMs- 
CTHTB y ce6a, 4 ObABARH CEHTAaWTCa Gest upusopa. «Korsa BXOABIIb 
BE DOMBUNEHIe 8THX pabowsxb,—BOCKABDACTh OPaTOPs,—TO CIOBHO 
BXOAHIIb Bb CBAHYW S8akyTY: Y HHXE HBTb HH kKpoBaTel, HH Jame 
COIOMH Ha MoxcTHiky». **) 

Bb Havarb cesTsOpa EPeCTbAHCEAaA OROHOMHEA CHOBA BDPHBAeTCa 
Bb NOSHTHIeCKIe AeOaTH WakaTH, MOcBAMeHHNe BHpasoTEs 3aKona 
O BoopyxeHin rpaxsans. Jlenyrars Hefl6aprs, wa sacbaaniv 5-ro 
CeHTSO6ps, BHOCHTS, AbHCTBATEABHO, MpezAOmenie IpPHCTyHHTD cefivach 
me nlocab sakoHa 0 Boopymenin kb oOcyameni Bopoca 0 6e3B03- 
mesAHoH oTMbHB eosatbHHXt MmpaBb oxoTH. MOoTHBEpOBEa pe,so- 
menid UpoxruBaerh spill cBBTS Ha TOrxamHee cocToanie jepeBHA: 
<OX0Ta OTEpHAach l-ro ceHTa6ps; HO AepeBeHckie RATeAH epmarca - 
TOTO MHBHIA, ITO ee He CABAYeTE OOIbME MO3BOIATh UpPABAAeTUpO- 
BaHHHMS BialbisyaM’b Ha TRHXD BAabaiaxs. Ilo sToMy MOBOAY 
ye BMBAH MBCTO OYeCHb NPHCROPOHHIA CTOAKHOBeHIS, BHAYAUBDIA 
ymorpe6zenie BoeBnHO CHIH; AOMRHO OlacaTbCa HOBHXS. Pacnpocrpa- 
HHAOCh MHbHie, GyrzTo mame co6panie eme HHYerO He CAbIaAO BB 
STOME OTHOMeHIH. Hapolb cunTaers ce6a D0sTOMY BUpaBB mpoBecTH 
C@MOBOIbHO YHHITOMeHIe COXPAHHBIIHXCA OXOTHHYBHXS UpuBusAerili, 
OTMBHA KOTOPHXS YUOMAHYT&a Bb OCHOBHHXS ABMCIRAXD 3akObAaXd, 
STO MpoTHBOsakOHHOe cocTosHie cO BCBMH CBOHMH DOCABICTBIAME Tpe- 


a ee _ re ee 


*) Ibid., CTp. 840. 
**) Ibid., crp. 842—848, 


126 HK. BF EY APH OA SB. 


S5yerh ckopbimaro o6cymjenia HOBarO yaomeHia 06% OxoTb, KOTOpOS 
ye OOAbMIe HeybIH HAXOABTCA Bb HAUMIAXS Pykax'» *). 

TakaAM? O6pasoMbh MB BHABM', ITO OCeHBD 1848 r. kKpecTbaHe 
emle qalekO He ycuoxouanch. Hactroiqaso rpe6ya oTb JellyTaToBS 
YHHITOMeUIA (eOLAaIbHWXb NPAaBb OXOTH, OHH BMBCTS cb TBM He- 
TePNbAHBO ORHAANWTh, KOTMA Ke, HAKOHEMS, cOOpavie MpeKpaTHTS co- 
Bepmawmlieca emle Ha OCHOBaHiH sakoHOBh 1816 w 1821 r. peryaa- 
popanie H BEKYTb DOBAHHOCTeH, PaBHO Kak OTMBHHTS (peokaabHble 
NO6opH,—NBpH, Kb OOcyRxeHIN KOTOPNHXE coOpanie nepexoAaT Bt 
cenTAOpB uw OKTAOpPh wbcaaxt, KOra Halb HAND pbeTh yRe IpA- 
spakb KopoxeBckaro coup d'Etat, Hw aHOepaaxbHO-KOHCepBaTHBHOe ME- 
HucTepcTso onb-AyspcBaabaa uw TansemanHa cmbuseTca KOHCepBa- 
THBHHIMb MHHHCTeEPCTBOME reHepata Iidyoag, a sTO Bb CBOW O4eperb 
ycTymaeTb mbcTo pearnionHomy KadsHeTy rpadha ons-bpanxen6ypra, 

Ha sacbaanin 30-ro cenTa6pa Bb pbiaxt AeCNYTATOBb CAMWMATCs 
ene HeIBYCMEICIeHHHe OTTOXOCEH Ooenoro HacTpoeHia EpPeCTLAHs. 
Jlupire DpH oxf06puTeabHoms cubxb xhpo pa3sckaSHBaeTh, KAkb 
OMHAb KPCCTLAHAHD CTaIb FOBOPATS O HeOOXOAHMOCTH OTMBHH 6e3t 
BCARATO BOSHArpamsenia TAakKh HASHIBAeMHIX, «sayyewifi>, T. e. eo- 
JaAbHHX MOBAHHOCTeH, WaxaWOAXb Ha YYACTORS pH DepeM bys Bla- 
whaptja, H ccaJaica Ha Npawbps Spannia sw norpacenHo pepoaw- 
Tie ABCTpia; @ ROTA ONY BOSPA3HAH, ITO TAMb OHIA PeRBOIDIIE, 
y Hach xe BSTh, H NOTOMY H&a HYXb CCHAATECA Hevero, cefiyach me 
OTBBTHID: «Hy, roctoga, CCIW BE AyMaeTe 9TO, TAKS CKAaRHTC TOABKO 
MATeIIME BepxXHeh Cauesiv: OHH nOoTpe6ywrh camoH KOpeHHOH peRo- 
momin» *). . 

AlmeibTh coobmaerb coOpaniw 0 «RecTORHX apecTaxh H 3aKID- 
qeHih Bb TWPhMEI», KOTOPHMB MOIBepraWTcA CO CTOPOHHI BxacTeh 
«HallH jepeBenckie OpaTba>, crapawmiecd MHPHHMb OOpasoms cOpo- 
CHTb THETb, KOTOpHA ropomane cOpocHaH Ha MApTOBCEHX®D OappHKa- 
- faxb. OW MpArramaeTs JelyTaTOBh faTb EPCCThAHAMD «TO, ITO CBOE- 
BpeMeRHO, CpabeIHBO H HeOOXOHMO [aTb, H ITO YRe TABHO AOMKHO 
OH O10 OHTA AapoRaHoO uM» ***), T. e. OTMBHY NOBHHHOCTEH. 

Ho pashli exrph A MHHHCTepcTBO, yMbpewHO-znGepasbHan Oyp- 
-wyasia n Epbryawmas peokarbHan peakiia, yxke CTaHOBATCA Bb YMH- 
JHTCABHOMD C(UHEHIN Ha CTpaxb NoMBOILMIBUXE BHTepecoBs. Acce- 
copb Iln1eTs mpegocreperaeTs co6panie oTb MpoBosrzamenia UpsH- 
NHNa Oesposxesno oTmbaH eosaAbHWX NOBAHHOCTe# Jame pH 
3aNBIeHIH, 4TO 3aKOH'S O perysnpoRanin OyxeTh BHpAboTaHS Docwrs. 
«OTHMD IYTEMb,—BOCKAMNACTh OHS Bb WAaTeTHYCCKOM yRACh,— MH 
ekpeTHpyeMb YHHYTOReHIc 6e3b BCAKATO BOsHATpaRAeHiA BCAEHXE 
mopunnocteH Ha Oya}mee Bpema. Kcau xoTb Bb TeweHie nosroxza 





— 





ee — 


*) Ibid., erp. 1049—1060, 
**) Ibid., erp. 1280. 
***) Ibid., crp. 1281. : 





i37 


KPECTbAHCKO® HacekeHie€ MPHBHEHCTS OHITh CBOOOAELIMS OTB BCBXB 
B3HOCOBb, TO 4 He AYMAN, TOON BB OMOXy BOSbymJeHiA, MOROORYI0 
HaleH, rocyxapcTso H OpraHhl rocysapcTBeHAOH BAacTH OOAaqaIH J0- 
CTaTOUHOH cHio# NpAHyAUTh Hacetenie Kb yNAaTb Toro, ITO Cb HELO 
crbryerh» *). A MHHUCTpb BHYTPCHHUXDS WbAb, OAxMan’d, BTOpUTS [ln- 
AIsTy H Oyraers coOpanie AoMCTUHB YposHHMAH MepciekTHBAMH LI 
HMYDIMXD H MpaRsamuxs: «Cerbckoe HacexeHie OTYIHTCH UCMOAHATD 
lemamif Ha HeMb OOM8AHHOCTH, H HAKAKAd GWeAOBhueckad cuta He 
OyAeCTh Bb COCTOSHIA H3MBHHTS BTOTh LOPANOKS Bemek. Acuo, KaKoe 
BeAHROG OesiOKOHcTBO, Kakad BOAHRAA AeCIpPaBesANBOCTS OyYAyTS UpH- 
4HHOHH STUME, SHAYATCABAOH YAaCTH Hapowa, 2 HMECHHO MPHBHerUupo- 
BaHHOH w uMymeH yacTH eroly **). 

PeakuionHad OwporpaTia u eosaahl WOAbBYIOTCA CHI‘bHbEMD GOyp- 
Myasid MORIY ABYX CTYIbEBL 10 BOUpOCY 06% YHUNITOReHIN apXall- 
4eCKHXS DOBHHHICTeH. OsH He MOTYTB clacTH deosadbHaro pasa 
OXOTH, KOTOpoe GesBosMe3qHO oTMbaxeTca Ha Bacbganin 10-ro ontabps 
271 roxocaMa OoxbMHACTBA NpOTHBS 69 roxOCcOBh KPYOHEIXd O10po- 
KpaToBb #H RPYNAHXD BAarbasyeBnh. Ho own OepyTs cBok peBanilt 
Np oOOcyajeniu sakoHoMpoekta 06% YHAYTOReHI ye YOOMANYTHXS 
«xaylemit» H APYrHXb eokaabHuxb upaBy. OW u3b MHOTOUHCAeH- 
HHIXDB WeTHuii, DOCTYUaNDIAXb Cb pasHHXb KOHnOBS Ipyccin ovb 
KPOCTbAHD BB COOpasie, 84aNTb, YTO TepIbHie KpPeCTbAH, yuke HCTO- 
MaeTcd; 4TO MHOTie A39b HUXB HA CBOH CTpaxt pbMawTs He NAaTHTS 
HHEAKHXD (POOMAIbHLIXS NOBHHAOCTeH; 4TO CPeAA CaMOrO KPeCTbHHCTBa 
MPOHCXOAUTB Oopb6a pasiHIHHXb HMHTepecoBh, Aaup., «Kp bikie» 
KP@CThAHe RAAVIOTCH HA MCAKHX'S, MBUAWDUXS HM YCTPAaHATh 4e- | 
PeCSIOMOCHOY BEIKYNOMb, MeAKIO MalYwWTCA HA KPYOHHXS, ALWWAWNLAXh 
HXB OTPYOHHIMS BlasbeioMh BOBMOMHUCTH BNNaca Ha IipexHeH# yepes- 
MOXOCHOH 3eMNB, MOCTOAIBNH-NOJCHIMEH KalywTca Ha ThXb A OHA 
APYIrAxb 3a TO, ITO OHH TOHATS UX H3b AOMY UT. OX. 

Vi sporh eosaah XOTaTb elie Oombe saTanyrTh OOcyxsenie arpap- 
HHIXS 8aKOHOBb. OHH BHOCATS BL kax{ni Naparpads OesqHceHHLiA 
TOUpaBkA, UpHObrawTh KO BCeBOSMOKAHMD NapJaMeCHTCKUM YAOBKAN'b 
H S@r0HSWTS coOpanie Bb MCKYCHO YCTPAaHBAeMHA AOBYIKH, MpHroTo- 
BASH 3b DPOMAXOBb MaplaMenta Opysie Ain comialbHoH eMaroriu 
CpeAH kKpecTbaHCTBa. OHY H3b TAKHX BOCHHEIXD XuTpoctell yHoMH- 
HaeTh Mepuars *). Ho o#a CrouTs Toro, 4TOOH O Hef pascKasaTL 
HBCKOIBEO Nompobube wa ocHOBaHin «<CreHorpaduqeckuxXb OTIETUBDb». 
AbxAO WA0 O pasIHIEHiH TARHXD NOMBUWAIDHXE MpaBh, KOTOphia cAb- 
AUB210, 00 MHBHIO OOmbMIMHCTBa CcOOpaHia, OTMBHUTh Oe3b BOsHa- 
rpaxesis, H TaKHXh, 88 KOTOPHA OTKASHIBAIUMIHCA OTb HUXb Bla- 
WAC MOPb UPCTEHAOBaTh Ha BOsHarpawsedie; Bb aacTHOcTU Ke vO 
YOOMMHABMAXCA Babcb ye HBCKUABKO pas'b JayJeMiaXx'. 


H3b HCTOPIM ABOPAHCEOH PsABILA. ' 





ee ee 


*) Ibid., erp. 1290. 
$*) Ibid. 
#**) L.c., erp. 54—55. 


128 H EB KRYRPUH bo? 


Byxeps, Oyzymift Gucmapzianens, a Torga ZenyTaTs xbparo ger- 
Tpa, OTAHUABMifica 6OALMIHMD PAUKAIBSMOMD Bb OOMHXE NOAHTHY- 
CKHXb H COWaIbHHXDS BONpOcaXd, Upessomara (Bubcrs ct [ymge- 
AexuieMb) Eb OXHOR HSE cTaTell 3aKOHONPOeCETA NOMpaBKY O Aayse- 
mMigxb. GHAad, ITO TpOMagHoe OOAbIIBHCTBO H3b HEXD He OMMpaerca 
HH Ha Kakie JOKYMCHTH, 2 OCHOBNBaeTCS Ha UporTo aBHOCTH 3TON 
YACTO eokaABHaro WpaBa, OH UpeAAORAIE GesBosMesqHoe YHA: 
xeHie JayzeMif, 8a HCKXNUCHICME TSX, 10 OTHOMeHIN Kb KOTOPHMS 
«OOAB8ATCABCTBO kaTOKA MOKCTL OTH AOKAZAHO AOTUBOPOMD 061 
YCTYNESB YUACTKAa, SAkANYCHHHM MeCHY IPABHICTHpOBaHAHMS Bla 
ABABNCMS BH AHDOMS, HECYMHMS NOBHAHOCTA». Ha no4yBB otofi no- 
WpaBEA Mpou“somerts xapkifi TYpHHPb MemAyY ByxepoMb w AOKNAZIE- 
KOM SAKOHONPOCRTS, UpecxOBYTHMD IluxeToMs. Bs sacbyania 18-n 
oxTaO6pa Byxeph samumarb cBow TOY spbaia co Bcell crpacTsn 
aHeprie# peBOoaWMioHHOH orHKH: «Hic3H BHI UpHMeTe OMmpaBEy, 10 
TBME CaMHIMb BH OCYAHTC UPHHLANS AABHOCTH, OCYAMTe HCTOPHIeEcKveE 
pabo. TMS CaMBIME BH 8A8ABHT, ITO CTOABTHAS, ITO THCAIEY brass 
HOCHUPABeAABBOCTS, CCAH OW Name cb Hel On CBASAHEI BOCIIOMHHA- 
Hig whaard Mipa, ecaH ON Jame ua He cTUgxa CHxAa BCerO Mipa, He 
HMBOTS SHAICHIA H OAHOTO EOPOTKaro yaca Tepes’ BHCMeH, mepexs 
noObAuTeAbHOK copaBesAnBocTED! (Mxozonpamunoe Spasol)» *). 

Emy Bospasaib yepe3t AeHb, Ha sacbaania 20-ro osra6pa, Lla- 
sorb. HW ero Bospamenia NokashBasl Upemye Bcero, 4TO ecau 6ypxyasis 
BOBCTABSAa UPOTHBD pasHkasbHOH a OesposMesqHOH OTMBEN cbeogan- 
HHXE Upasb, TO HMCHHO DOTOMY, 4TO 6ositacb STHMD MpellexeHTOMS 
Hapymekia DoMbmAWweH COOCTBEHHOCTH CO8faTb DOUBY AAA Hapylenis 
OypatyasHol coOcTBeHHOCTH, TORe Bb KOKIB KOHQOBS Onnpanulelica 
He borb sHaeTh H&a KaRiG <JOKYMCHTH». OTO OllaceHie, KOTOPOCe TAX? 
WAO Ha pyky OmpOkpaTHyeckH - PeokaibHoH peakiin, COCTAaBLACTS 
nefith-MOTHBS pbun IIaxzera: «fl AyManw, 3TO BOOOMe ONACHO BOCKXO- 
JHTb BCCIfa Kb ACTOYHHEY UPOHCXosseHiA COBPeMOHHHIXS OTHOMTeHIE 
COOCTBOHHOCTH HM BAaIbHiA. OTH HBCAbIOBAHIA AMBHTH BHICOKOe 8Ha- 
ueHie JIA HCTOPin NpaBa, HO CB TOUR 3pBHIA BAaKOHOAaTeAA OHH He 
CTOJb BAHN, KAKb TO, NOBAKHMOMY, AyMawTs. W6o ecanH OW MH X0- 
Tbid JOBOXHTb Halle HByyeHie AO caMaroO MCTOYHHRA BOSHHEHOBECHIA 
BCAKATO HMYOCCTBA, TO MBI Halllid O,, 4TO HCTOUHHROMS BCAKOH v06- 
CTBCHHOCTH SABAXCTCA HECIPABeAABBOCTh, ABAAETCA CHAa, BOObME He 
OCHOBaHHOe Ha paBb Baaybaie» *). 

OTa oO6owsoocTpad apryMeHTania cMyTHaa, BOpoyemMs, coOpauie, 
koTopoe, He KelaA COBCBM OTOMECTBATD ceOA CE CeodsaxaMu, BOTH- 
popaxo nompaBEy Byxepa, BOTHPOBazO, IpaBla, HCSHAYHTCALHHM'S OOIb- 
muacTBOME 178 nporush 160, npa 1 Bosxepmasmiemca uw 63 oTcyT- 
cTRymuXb. Ho torga crparera paso Opocuaa mo” Hors coOpa- 


~_— oe _ 2 ee to ee ee: 


“) <Stenogr. Berichte», II, erp. 1656. 
**) Ibid., erp. 1703. 





H3 HCTOPIH JBOPSHCKOM FFakItH 129 


Him HeOoxbmo# Ha nepBH BSristh KaMeMeKb, Ha KOTOPHH mapxza- 
MCHTL H@ OOpaTHAS BHAMAHIg, HO KOTOpHH CkOpO BHPOC, KAaKD MH. 
ceizach YBHIEMb, BB Wbaywo raw6y, Bb rpysHoe Opyxie deosambHok 
eMarorid BB CTpanb a OcoOeHHO Bb JepeBHAXb. A HMCHHO, Bb TOMS 
xe sachganin 20-ro onTa6pa [Ba weHa Upapoh pparnia, Tiocxayc 
H TexxepHb, KOTOPHe TOIbKO ITO BOTHPOBaIH UPOTABS NonpaBks By- 
Xepa, Tellepb, KOra OHA ObIda IPHHATAa, BHECAH Bb S8aKOHOMpPOeKTS 
Raabe bimyo noupaBky, riacnsuyw: <Bs Thxb caywasxt, Korma, Ha 
OCHOB@HiH 38K0HA, NOAMHO YUAAIBBATL AAyAeMiH, NOCIBAHIA He AOAKHH 
IPCBHIUaTh ABYXb MpoueHTOBS 18-kpaTHow CYMMEI KAlHTAIHSHPOBaH- 
Haro GHCTarO Oxo,a ydacTka». KoxbmlHHCTBO BOTHPOBaxO aTY 10- 
WpaBky ceHvacsh xe, 6035 BCAHKArO TOIOCOBAaHia, IPH EPHEAX®S «OpaBor. 
Ho wa crbaywmift xe jeub, 21-ro oxTa6pa, 40 yeHOBL paso, 
Tamuay, Teccaeph & HBCKOIBEO <@OHOBS», PoH'b-AyopcBasby'b, POHE- 
OHREBOpTS, OHS-BanreHnxeiims, A T. I., UPOCHAH BHECTH Bb IpOTo- 
KOIb pomsaro sacblakis, ITO OHH BOTHPOBAIA MpPOTHBS DOUpaBEA 
CBOHXS JBYXb KOMACTS, TAK KAERB OHA «HeSAaROHHHM, 010 HalleMy 
MESHIiD, OO}pasoMb BpPHIBACTCA Bb UpaBO AOTOBOPOBb H TBM'b CAMEIM 
NOAPHBaeTh OCHOBaHIe BCAKATO UpaBa BoOOme». A Gepesb HBCKOXKO 
MHAYTE coOpakiW UpHXOAHTCH BEICIyMAaTb uTeHie yRe Ooxbe rpomEaro 

TOPACCTBEHHALO WpOTecTa, MOAMHCAnHAarO Hav6orbe BHAAWMAMECH 
GACHaMH DpaBoli, KOTOPHe «CUHTAWTS AOALOMS COBBCTH BpesocTepeys 
CTPaHy OTS OUAacHOCTH BIEpaAHArO TOAOCOBaHiA WOUpaBoRD Ilyabye- 
Aeauya uw Byxepa uw Twexayca-lersepa co BCBMH HX MocrBACTBIAMA... 
Ogu He MOFYTS JONYCTHTS, ITOOW MpaBa OTMBHAABCh TOXBKO MOTOMY, 
YTO OCHOBHIBaITCA Ha ONHOH AaBHOcTH. OHH CIBTAWTS JaBHOCTS 3a 
rxaBHni cron (Hauptpfeiler) upasosoro nopayka Bb TrocysapcrTss, 
IMPOTHBONOLOMHYH we TOUKY spbHia cywwTAawWT BS BHCMeH cTeleHs 
BpeH0OH HMCHHO JH Camaro EPeCTLAHCTBA... CTOAb KC MALO OHH IPH- 
SHBIOTE 38 8AKOHOMATeIEMS UpaBO MOHMKATS BHCOTY AayzeMift 10 2°/o, 
KOIAa CaM AOTOBOpPS onpesbaseTh BHCMI MponenTh» *). 

‘ OuncanHHe MaHeBPH upaBo Bb NapazaMesTS H BHpOcMi# A5b 
HHXB AOKYMCHTh OCAYRHIH ANA HPeosaibHoh peakUin OTOPAaBHLIME 
IIYHETOMD comiarbHo yemarorin BD cTpanb. PeargiosuWe crpareru 
yKashBala Telleph Oypxyasin H «KPBOKOMY» KPeCCTbAHCTBY Ha ollac- 
HOCTB, KOTOPad IpOSHTh BAaKUTOYBHIMDS CAOMME TOPOMa H AePCBHH OTS 
BoTa co6panis. Ecaa, Morb, Teleph 3aKOHOsaTeIb WOAyYaeTh paso 
B® H8BBCTHOH OO6AACTH AMYIICCTBOHHEIXS OTHOMeHIH OTBepraTh CHIY 
J@BHOCTH H MPOH8BOIbHO NOHHRATL MpOUCHTH, ONpeAbACHHHIE AOTOBO- 
P&MH, TO KTO Ke MOPyyATca, 4TO 9TO Re Hapynlesie cobcTpeHHOCTH 
He 6yyxeTh epeneceHo # H@ aApyria cept? He ropopHib 4H 
CaM’ UpeAcTaBuTexb WpuAWYeckH OOpasoBaHHol OypsHyasin Bb Dapsa- 
MCHTS, ITO BCAEAK COOCTBEHHOCTS BS COBPCMEHHOMD OOMLECTBS MOKCTD | 
OMITh CBeleHa KB HCTOUHHEY «HecipabexausocTa» H <HacHdia?» A 

*) Ibid., erp. 1722— 1723. 
Peapan. Orabar I. 9 





130 Hw OB EYAPHSHA Sb. 


CaMH KPe€CTbSHe, HO JOMRHAH AIH OHH OoaTbCA, ITO HeoOesnereHHHe 
SICMCAHTH JepeBHA OYAYTS OTHHIHS HE NePeMOBATHCA Cb yRC peryAH- 
poBaHHoH w BHIKyHXeHHOH, ye OKpyraeHHok coOcTBeHHOCTLD <yOpsx- 
HBIXb» KpPeCTbAHD, OYAYTS He cuuTAaTh Bag ceOa ObasaTeabHOH BH- 
COTY IpoleHTa, BHTOBOPCHHarO Bb YCAOBIAX'’, 8AKAWYACMHIXE BMH Cb 
SQKATOUHMH OJHOCCIbYaHaMAY.. 

Takosa Oba aratalif, NOJKATad PeokataMaA Bb crpaHb, Bb TO 
CaMO@ BPeMA, HARB coOpanie ymupazo (Hayaxo HOs6pa) DOXb yAa- 
paMH TocyyapcTBeHHaro MepeBopoTa, He OKOHYHBD pedopMy arpap- 
HHIXS OTHOWeHIH. OHO He UMBIO JAyXy, Kakb (paunysceia pesom- 
ILOHHHIA COOpanis, BHPBaTb Cpasy Cb KOpHeMb AOBHTOS pacTeHie 
(peofasnsma. -Os0 NpoBetO Bb IIpHHOWNS 3ak0Hb, Uperpamlanmilt 
abicrBie emje HeKOHYCHHHXS Onepanift 00 peryzupoBaHin HM BHKYDY. 
Ho OHO He ycoBAO OKOHYATeIbHO BHpadoTaTh 8akOHa, ANKBHIEDPyH- 
aro OTHOMeHiA MexAy PeofazaMH H kKpecTbaHaMd. IIpn oTOMs BHI- 
paGaTHBanbmificd HMH 8aK0Hb CTpakaib BCBMA HeOCTATEAMH I0A0- 
BaHYaTOH a ClomHOH MBpH, UpexcTaBzsBolei, Oxarogqapsa SesuncaeH- 
HHMB NOUpaBkaM'’b, X@OTHUeCEYW Yallly WpPHAHYeCKHXB Orpanuyenifi 
H NpoTHBoorpaHHuyeHiff. Ono cTazo Ha MOGBY cepbesHaro KOMIDpO- 
MHCC& Cb MpPHBHACTHPOBAHAHIMS BAabHieMb, IPHSHABh, ITO ECT Ta- 
kid, XOTA H llepeMeamia oTh deoxaabno on0xXH Npaba, KOTOPHA 
KPCCTbAHHHS OAKCHS BHKYOATb. Ho O80 BS TO KO BPOMA AOMYCTHAO 
OFOBOPEH M HCKINGeHIA, TO pasipamaBMid NOMBILHKOB, TO pasoya- 
popapmia KpecTbaHs. LoObauTexemt w3b sto SophOw Bb MapxaMeH- 
TB H cTpanh BHXxoguIa eowasbHo-OwpokpaTuyeckad peakis, KOTO- 
pad paciyckaza coOpanie BL MOMeHTD kpaiinei o6mecTBeHHO# 4H 
HOAHTHYeCKOH CYMATHOB, H paciyckaia MOJb UpesAOrOM’b, ITO Map- 
JaM@HTh 3aHHM@ACMH He <(BIOBHMH 33KOHAMH», a «OesJ0(HHMH H 
passpakawnlHMa HacedteHie npeHiaMH», CAOBOMb ONAB HepadoTocno- 
cudeHh. 

Pa36uBb DepBii, caMnit oHepra daft A Camu O6mi#, HaTHCES Oypxy- 
asid, He yMbpmie# fa Hw He XOTbBIWeH ONHpAaTbCA Ha HAapOd’b, pexaMh 
OmpokpaTH4ecku-eolaibHok MOHapxiH BHMeAb ecaH He COBCbMB, TO 
Ha DOJOBHHY IBILMb H8b PeBOAWMIOHHArO Xa0cca «<cymacmemsmaro 
Toya». BB AepeBad Ob NOKepPTBROBAIb TBMH panama OMBUAKA, 
KOTOPH OHb HE MOTB OOabMe CMacTH, HO pH eToh oBOHYaTeAbHOH 
NHKBHAaOIn OTHOMeHIH MexTY PeofaioMb HM KPeCTAAHAHOMB ycubarb 
Ie€ApO BO3HArpaMHTh UPHBHACTHPOBAHULIXDS BlaBALDEBL 8&8 TAaKb Ha- 
SLIBAeCMLIAA BeNIHbIA MOBHAHOCTH» (Reallasten), sakoOn BhITeKanntis 
He H8b JAHGHOK S8aBHCHMOCTH KDPeCTbARD, & H8b HXDb NOAbSOBAHIA 
3emieH nomMbmaka. KEMy UPHUIOCh OTKa8aTbCA OTS BOTYHHHOH WCTH- 
Ni, O'b BCAKHXS Mbpb, OrpaHHIHBalMHxh TepesBuxReHle HeIpPHBH- 
serupoBaHHok co6crsenHoctu. Ho sa Oapmuny, 3a AecaTHAY, sa Irb- 


‘bIA KaTeTOpin Jaysemifi OB He crbchsacm TaKetO OOkaraTbh MYRH- 


Ka, Cb HevoxpakacMol HCKPeCHHOCTLW 3aJBIHd, ITO HCRAWYAeTh 43‘ 
BHKyNa Tb paBa, «KOTOPHA JOCTABAMWOTh BAaABALUAM TPYAHO 





H8B HCTOPIH ABOPAHCKOH PEARIIIH. 131 


YCUATHBACMYN BL JeHbraxh BHITOLy» *). Ons ysupemlard ia o6ser- 
yeHia oTOH Ofepalid BHKAaYHBaHiA AeHElb H8b KapMaba MY:KHKA Bb 
KapMaHb OapHia, TaKb HasblBaeMHe, <peHTHHe Ganku». Oab BeAHKO- 
AYMHO pPaciIHpsdb Teleph paso BHIKYNA He TOAbEO HA «YOUPARHXD», 
HO H H& BCHERHXS KPCCThAHS, <«OFOPOAHHEOBS», UBMUXE H T. I: 
Maib TOXBKO, ITO HX Bb TOMY BpeMeHH MOUTH He ocTazocs. WH oD TO 
WpexHeMy He WhAAIb HAYeETO TAA yayuwenia Swta OatTpakons. 

TakoBb CMHICYb JBYXb 8aKOHOBD 2-rO Mapta 1850 r., koTopue 
TOPRecTByHMasd PeolaibHO-OmMpokpaTnyeckad peakia MpoBera yepest 
ABS CMHPHHA WaiaTH, BHSBAHHHA Kb XA8HH OKTPOMPOBAHAOH KOH- 
cTHTymief 5-ro yexa6pa 1848 r., nosBoAHBB ceOb make pOckOnb 
BpeMeHHAaro HeCOrTsacif CB HA3YBBPCTBYHNLUNS MpOTecTaHTH3MOMD 
®paypaxa-Baabrespma LY. 


B40 OH, MORETS OFT, HATCPOCHO MPOBeCTH MapagJeiu H yKa- 
SATb H& KOBTPACTH Mey PeoxambHol pearnie Bt [I[pyccia u de- 
OASXIbHOH Ke peauniefi Bb ABcTpix. Ho ora sayaya noTpeboBasza Ost 
oco6aro sTora. JocTarowno cka3aTb, 4YTO ecaH aBcrpilickifl a6comw- 
THSM'D, NNTPACeHHHH peBorpmieli 1848 r., Morb CHOBS B3ATb CHAY HAD 
cTpaHod (H1H TOWNE [OBOPA, CTPahaMH), TO TOABKO NOTOMY, ITO Y 
Hero JOcTadO yma, pacnyckan YapenuTerpaAn Petixcrars, coxpanats 
BOTHPOBaHHHH oTuMb coOpaniems wa sacbraniu 26-ro inaa 1848 r. 
3aK0HS 0 JHKBHJalin EPbHOCTHHYeCTBA H OapUlHHBHX® OTHOMeHIfi, Ko- 
TOPHA,—Eakb ropopuTs Kapap [pwox6eprs, olHHb 43% AYIMAXS HCTO 
PHKOBD KPeCThABCKAYO OCBOGORACHIA Hb ABCTPIHCKAXE BeMAAXS,—OCTA- 
XHCb NO STOTO BPeMedH «Bb TOM KC CAMOMD DOAOMEHIA, BE KAKOMD HAXo- 
AUXUCh BD KOH NpomsAaro crorbria. Mmenno sta UpHIHa Hu CEbraxa BO- 
o6me BosMomHOH pesomoniw. Takb Rakb KPeCTbABCTBO JOIRAO GLIA 
Bb KOHITB KOHNOBS OTKA3ATbCA OTS HakeKAW Ha OCyMecTBAeHie CRO- 
HXB SAKOHHBXS Kedanifi aOcOlWTHHMS MpaBHTeJbCTBOM, TO OHO, 
uMbeilee Takoe pbmawmee sHayeHie yee Bh cHay camo aacaeu- 
HOCTH cBOeH, H IPUMKHYAO KB PeBOAWMIOHHOMY ABHReHIN NPOTHBE 
CyMecTByHMaro cTpox. To1bkO 9TO OHO ‘Wako peporwonid TOURy 
ONOPH pf coo6OmAxO ef 3ZHEpri; TOIbRO 9TO OAHO H HAAORHIO Ha Hee 
XapakTepHH oTNeUaTORS. Bb MOMCHTS, KOPA& CTOABKO BOMPOCOBB 
marzo cBoero paspbmenia, Blepelb BHIABHHYIcA raaBAbimikt usp 
STHXD BOUPOCOBh, ROTOPHH OImeHD OAS Ob YRC WABHO OHITE pas- 
pbMeHHHME: TO OHNb BOTpOch 9 SapmuAB (Robotfrage), u 6xaro- 
Aapa emy pesomnnia 1848 r. moxyan7a cB0Ne HCKANMUNTeABHO coni- 
AIBHOe H arpapHoe cosepmanie, TOTAAa Kakb DOAHTHYeCKOe COMepma- 
Hie OTCTYNH10 COBepmMeHHO Ha BatHiff naant... Ho darrnyeckoe ocy- 
MecTBAeHie PbuUaBMAXb BONPOCh MBPF BHNAaIO CHOBa Ha NOI a6hco- 


*) Cm. ncropim noxzroTopreHia Mauteippenesckaro sagona 1850 r. y 
Kuauna: <Die Bauern-Befreiung», yacTh Bropas, cTp. 430. 
Qt 





132 HO OUFeCUR VY RPO GOD. 


awTH3Ma. A Cb TpoBexeniemb peopMHl peBOAWDIA UCIepMasach 
IIpHWAa Kb KOHNY, HOO DOMMepRKA CO CTOPOHH KDPCCThAHCTBA CHOBA 
HCyesia Bb TOT MOMCHTB, KOTIa OHO COTO ce6a YHOBICTBOPeH- 
HHM» *). | 

Taka oO6pasoms, Bb ABCTpiH eoOsaJbHO-MOHAPXHIECKAag peaRiia 
MOrIa BHJepHAaTh HAaTHCKS PeBOAWMIA TOABKO NOTOMY, ITO NOX AaB- 
ACHiCML HEOOXOAMMOCTH, 380HA1a CBO® TpespHTexbHOG OTHOMeHIO Kh 
MYRHEY H MOCTapadsach HCNOAHHTS arpapHoe saBbiladie, ocTaBseHHOS 
ei yOHTHMS €1 He HAaPOMHHMD MpeACTABHTCABCTBOMD. 

@akTH H HBEOTOPHE WaCTHHe BHBOIH H8b HAXb, ye MpeACTaB- 
JCHHHG BE OTOH cTaThB YATATEAW, C1YHATS, KAKb HAaMb KaReTcs, 
AOCTATOUHHMDS DOATBepRAeHiems OOmeH MEICIH, AeTMeH BL OCHOBaHie 
Hallero H8CIBJOBaHIA. OTA MHCAb Ta, ITO ABOPAHCKAM PeakMia HeHS- 
ObxHO NOAMHA BAHUMATLCA COMiaxbHOH yemarorieH BL JepeBHS, H ITO 
ecaiH eH yaacTca 9TO, 6OAarowapA MOJHTHYCCKOH HepasBHUTOCTH KpecrTB- 
AHCTBA H OTCYTCTBIN NOARTHIeECKOH oHeEprid BB Apyruxs Sopamaxca 
Cb Heli ENaCCaxXb, TO OH& TOPRECTBYCTL; & CCAM HBTS, TO OHA OCYH- 
ena HA PaTaxybHoe YHHITOMeHIe, Kab BCAHKAA OTRABAWIMAad HCTO- 
puyeckas cuxza.. Kopensoe pbmenie EpeCTbAHCKAarO BOMpOca CAYRATS 
HOITOMY AYIMWHME MPOTHBOATIieMS MpOTHBS comiaxbHok Aemarorif WO0- 
MBOLHKOBS. 

H. E. Ky apa. 


eee eee te 


*) Karl Grinberg ,Die Bauernbefreiung und die Auflésung des gutsher- 
rlich, bauerlichen Verhaltnisses in BOhmen, Mahren and Schlesien“; Jlefagars, 
1894, qacTb nepBas, crp. 420—421. 








POKOBBIA CUI Bb. 


Pomane Tycmasa ads Terepcmama. 


Ilepenonb A. Gpym6epra. 


V. 


PaHHaMb YTpOMb cubAywuaro WHA aBoKaTh Ockap> Creii- 
HepTb CHABIb 3& 3aBTpaKOMb. PoOuab 6HAb ye BB WKS, 
a 366a cCTOANa elle Bb Nepequeh, BCH pasropayeHHad, pyMa- 
Has, Bb BeCCHHEMD asbTO, XoTOpoe OHA NOMYIMNAa HakavyHut. 
BHCTPHMU, B&BOJIHOBaHHHMHA DlaraMu ona 3alla Bb CTONOBYN, 
QTO6OH OTeENb MOWW6OBATICA ew. 

CretinepTb IpaTBopusica, OyiTo AMYero He BUAUTS. OD 
COCpeNOTOYeHHO pas6HIb CKOpAyny cBoero sa, cccpexoro- 
YeHHO HaMaszasb MacO Ha XIbOB U MONBA3aNb ceOb canderky. 

— Wann — ckazay'b OHS, He DOWHHMaA ruash.—TH OM03- 
waemb BB DKON, 

— PasBbh Te6B coBcbM’b He XoveTCA NOCMOTpPBTb Ha MeHAt-— 
BOspasita DBBOIKa HeTepnhIUBO. | 

— Tlocmotpbrs? Ha 4To xe MAB CMOTpPBTB? 

CrefinepTh BHTapamlurh rasa. 

— A, Ha Te6B HoBoe nanbTo! A aToro coBchMb He 3HasrD. 

JiBBowka TpOMKO pa3cM’baacb. 

— TH BCe BDPeMA 3Hab,—cKa3ana OHa.—TH TOIbKO DyMa- 
CM1b, ITO MOKeMIb HalyTb MeHa! Ho TH 9TOrO He MOKED. 

CreitepTb MOXBasIHJIb MaIbTO, KaKb TOTO XOTBIOCh WBBO'- 
KB, H AYMab, ITO ofa Tenepb yiizers. 

OH YYBCTBOBANIE CceOf YCTAIHMb, A3MYICHHHMS, XOTBIb 
OHTb OME, ITOOH OCBOOORMTBCA OTH TOFO HeecTecTBeHHAro 
Hallpsxenia, KoTOpoe OD HCUNTHBAID BCAKIN pa3b, Korma eMy 
IWPHXOAWI0Ch WYTHTh Cb CBOMMH ASTbMM UH OHTL BeCeIHM.. 
Hw ona o6a3aHHoctb He OHNa eMy TAKS Taxena. Ho 066a Bce 
He yxXOJuula, KaKb OH RKelah CKasaTb 4TO-TO, U B3rAMb ex 
CTANDb CepbespHM'. 





134 TYCTABD A®b TRHEPCTAMS. 


— Yero Te6b? — cipocurb OH}, HaKOHeLI'b, *Xerad NOKTH 
HaBCTpBIy pe6eHKy H BOSMOKHO CKopbe OKOMYATS pasloRopsh. 

— 0 KOMb MaMa TOBOpPHIa CerowHA HOYN?—ckKaszala WB- 
BO"WKA. 

Ockapsb CreitHepTh BanpOrHy Ts. Bb HeMB BCe CTaNo NYyCTO, 
TeMHO H XONOMHO. 

Ho 0b UPHAHYAMID ce6A YANOHYTHCA. 

— Moek abroykb, BBpHO, OpHcHusocy! — cKazalh On 
NerwagquyIb pesenka 0 yer’B. 

Ona BCA 8aBONHOBATACh, KPOBb yAapusa eH Bb HO. 

— Hbrb,—ckazanra ona TBepl0,—A UpekpacHo 3Haw, ATO 
He cana. Jipepb Oa DPiOTKPHTa, H A NOMHW, ITO BUAbIA 
CBBTL Yepesb Meth. Sl CH Mana, ITO TH OHI Y MaMH, H ITO 
OHa OOATAaCh KOro-TO, KOTO OHA BU BaAa. 

— Mama 60bHa, TH BOL 3Haelllb, — CKa3alb Ob YRIIOH- 
4HBO, IIpHBeKkKad Kb ce6b H wackaa wbBouKy.—He pymah 
6ombIe 0 TOMS, UTO TH CrHMIana. MaMa CKOpO ONATh BH3O- 
poBbers. 

JiBBowks CTOAa TAaKb, ITO OTeENb He MOS BUSTS CA THM. 
Ona cTaza BIpPyrb cepbesHol A He M0 romaMb yMHOH. He 
OTBBIaA HA JACK OTA, OHA CTOANA HeNOTBHXHO, TOYHO BCe 
ef HBwxKHOe, MasleHbKoe Table BIPyI'b 8AaCTHIO, H Mo ex Xbr- 
CKHMDb YepTaMb pasIHI0Ch BHpaxeHie ropei WH YIMpAMCTBA. 

— A BBIb CIHMana, ITO TOBOpHIAa MaMa, HW ITO TH OTBB- 
qab,—Bospasuya ofa. — OrTgero TH He XOUEMIb NOMOY, MHS, 
Kora A caMa He TIOHHMAN? 

ANBOKaTd OTOIBHHYICA OTb CBOeH DoVepu HN MoAMepsb rosoBy 
pykou. ,s1 yRb He MOry OONbMe,—yMaIb OHb.—A He Mory 
60bmme HOCHTB Ha ce6B BCH OOTY TAKECTL, He MOry cHecTH 
Bcero TOrO, ITO BOKPyTh MCHA paseTaeTca Bb IWlelku, He MOry 
0 BCBXB 3a60THTbCH, Ha BCBXDb padotaTh, paooTaTb, padotarTs, 
4YTOOH TpelleTaTb BCAKiM pasb Mepelb HOBO mponacTEw!“ 

JibBowka Burbia, ITO OTeIb CTpazaeTb. WAHCTHHRTMBHO TyB- 
CTBYH, ITO ero THeTeETh, OHA HarHyach Kb HeEMY H Ckasasa: 

— Bb oTO COBCBMB He Takb CTpalllHo, eCH OW TH TOJb- 
KO XOTBIb CkasaTb, ITO 9TO. 

Ockap> Crefineprs pacTepsHHO TocMOTp Sb Ha Hee. Heyxesn 
opbputsca pe6enky? Ob, KOTOPHH Bb CYMIHOCTH He OBB- 
pAJcCA HHKOrWa HH OJHOMy YeoBhKy? BosmMoxHocTh Yero- 
HHu6yb Momo6Haro eMy HM Bb TrowoBy He upuxonuna. H ob 
NOKpPacHBAb OT TOrO, ITO MOsBOIUIb WOYepA Crath cBurs- 
TeIbHALeH TOPO BOJIHEHIA, KOTOPHMS DOHA Oba ero AyMa. 
Onb ray6oko ycTarb HW TYBCTBOBAIb, 4TO CaMoobJanqabie ToToBO 
OCTaBHTb e©o. 

— [pyrot pasb,—ckasarb oHb Cb Tpyfomb.—Teneph TeOB 
HY2XHO Bb DIKONY, a MH'B BB Cy. 








POKOBHA CHAK. 185 


He ckasasb 6oubme HH CloBa, AbBoika yorna. H Ockaph 
CreiiHepTb IOYYBCTBOB2Ib, ITO OH, MOMMMO CBOeH BOJIH, OTTOIK- 
HYb OTB ceOA 04b. 

Ho y Hero He 6HO BpeMeaH AyMaTb 065% 9TOMDb. Ero o6y- 
peBana o0na MHCJIb. ,PeOeHOKb BCE B8HACTh—YMANb OH'b. — 
A TO06HHA BellH pe6enky He Domb cuay. bru qonKAH 
OHTb claceHH—BO 4TO 6H TO HH CTaso!* 

Emy Kasasocb, ITO caMoe yxXacHoe u8B BCero OOpymmuBIHA- 
rocd Ha Hero OHIO TO, ITO WBBOTKA sHaa O60 BCem»b. To, 
YTO ero COO6CTBeHHOe CIACTbe TOTOBO OHJIO pas6HTBCA U py- 
IMHTbCA, Kazasloch CMY Tellepb NOYTH HHITORAHMS Bh CpaBHe- 
HiH Cb 9THMB HOBHMb HeECYACTbeMb, KOTOPOe O'S MpenBUBIS, 
H KoTOpoe autTasiA PACOBaa eMyY Bb YBeIHMIeHHHXh pasMB- 
pax’. Oab WpezcTaBranb ce6b, kakb WBBOIKA pasckaxkerh Bee 
CHmaHHOe eH OpaTy. PoOunb, HepBHHH uw He NO TozaMb 
pasBuToh, 6yaeTb NOTpACeHb ele ropasqo OoubmMe CecTpH. 
ia BBIb OHD UH CTapiile: emMy 6yaymle ocexbwW WeTHpPHaVaTh 
MHHEeTD. Ou, NOSTOMY, OONbIe NOHMeTS HU SonbMle OyeTh cTpa- 
Hath. ATBOKaTh ACOHTHBAIb Take YYBCTBO, KAKb OYTO BUXpPb 
rposvIb 3aXBaTHTb, 3aBepTbTb HX 3anyuiuTb ero. [lorpyxeHHHii 
Bb CBOH MHCJH, OHB He BCTAaBATb u35-3a cTona. Ha ony 
nepeb HHMB H’pano CONHIC, Bb OKHO rIABIO ACHO-Tomy60e 
He6o. H3b KYXHH DOHOCHJICA DLYMDb LOMOCOBD. 

— Kro TaMb MOKeTS OHTh?—yMab Of'b.—HuUKTO He CMO- 
TPHTb 38 JOMOM', HAKTO, KpoMB Meus! 

BL cnambHB Bce OHJIO THXO. OHS 3Hab, ITO weHA ero Oy- 
WeTb cuaTb Tetepb fo o6byza. otita xb Heft ON He pBmasca, 
Jia HW He XOTBIOCb. 

OHS MexaHHyecKkH Co6panb OyMarv, HaNvHCaHBHHA HON, u 
BHIINeNb Usb TOMY; MCXAaHH4ecKH HalbIb Mepwarku, MexaHH- 
GeCKH OTBBYaIb Ha DOKIOHH oupoxoxuxb. HU sce BpemMa 
MO23Ib CBCPJBIA MHCIb, ITO Hab HWM CTPACHOCh HOBOC He- 
CUAactTbe, H ITO OHS LONKEHS OXPAHHTh CBOUXD Ahreh. —,, dayvbMb 
A YXO2MIB BIepa,—TyManb onb.—Henw OW A BHCHasca, A 
GHJIb OH Tellepb He Takb yTOMMeHB“. Ho ond Mpekpacdo 3HaIb, 
BadTbMb yxouuTs. Ero raasth cTpaxb vepeyqb coocTBeHHHMb 
JIOMOM, KAKb GacTO H panbille. Ecau-6h Ob OCTaNCcA 20Ma, 
OHS Bbb 3allepcs ON HM Oe3lBUbHO A OesCMHICeHHO Marat Onl 
Io cBoe KOMHAaTb, OTTOJKHYBD OTh ce6a BCC, HOME MpesIOroMd 
paooTH. — 

AJBOKaTS OUeNb Do cBoeH KOHTOpH. HanupaBaanch M0 60- 
KOBOMY, H3BBCTHOMY TOJJbKO MOUBAHOLCEHHHMb XOLY BB CBOW 
JIpiemHyW, Ob yxe Bb CBHAXb BHAbIb, ITO KOMHATA IA 
KIFLeCHTOBD Oba MomwHa Docbrutene. Ha crTomb nepey’b HAMS 
PpPOMOZTHNAach Macca TaseTh WM DUCeMb, Bb KOTOPHX OD Ha- 
YgaJlb pHTtcs. ONB nakalh KHOMKY 9TeKTPH4eCKAarO 38BOHKA BH, 


136 TYCTABE a@b TBHEPCTAMD. 


PAasCOPTHPOBABh IMChMA, OT1aTb SONLUIMACTBO HXd BOMIeNMeEMy 
cryrb. locrbazHi nepezanrb AXb DHCbMOBOLUTeAW, KOTOPHH 
CHABIDb Bb MaJeHbKOM KOMHAaTS, OKHOMD BHXOZAMeH BO ABOPs, 
H TaHKOMb KYPHITb Hanapocky. O70 TONBKO NHCbMO aBOKaTh 
OCTaBMIb ce6b H HETOPONNHBO pacneyaTalb ero. OHO OHO 
HamvCaHO YETKHMD RCHCKAMDS MOYPKOMD HW Facwo: 
CTORrObMB, 1 Mad. 
Munn Ockaps! _ 

Al Te6a Bubua, HO TH MCHA He 8aMBTHIb. TH XO Cb 
yuHTetemMb JebMOMb H TakKb OHS YyBUeCIEH pasroBopoMs, 
YTO COBEPHICHHO He CMOTPBIB 10 cTopoHaM’>. Bo BceH TBoeH 
HapyXHOCTH OHIO HBITO Takoe CTpPaHHoe, 4TO TH Cb TBXB 
Oph He BHXOAMMIb U3b Moe rouoBH. [lostomy A elle ceroqHA 
BeYepOMB NMMY STH CTPOKH. SaBTpa TH OH MOI 3a8°AHYTb 
KO MBB. Bbab Cb TOOOH He CIYIMNOCh HHYero OCObeHHaro? 

TBok Upyrb 
Topa JIbwHrs. 

GaLYMaBIUHCh, ALBOKaTh NONOKBIE UAChMO BB KapMadb. 
ONHY MHBYTY KasaJlocb, ITO OT STUX'b HCMHOLHXD CHOBL eMy 
cTanqo nergye. Ho sTO Tpofomxanoch He AONTO. Baraayb ero 
ONATh OMPadHJICA, H TPyCTHOe JHIIO ero B8acTHJO. 

Hayanca upiemb. OWHH 2a ApyramMuH cubjoBala MYR IWAH 
H 3CHMMHH. BoTh BXOAMTB DOMBUIHKS, H3b-3a Wpomecca 
npibxapm@it Bb CrokroubMs. J'bu0 useTb 0 KakOH-TO TOProBOH 
cibukrb cb Anriiel, taHymjehHca yxe oO¥eHb DONO, TAKS KaKb 
TIPOTHBHAA CTOPOHA OTKASHBaeTCA MPHHATS TOBAapb HW 8aHHTe- 
pecopanHHe pezctapuTeiu <Aurain uw Iilpenin He MOryTS 
UPHATH KB Cormadienio. 3a KYDUOMb ciblyeTh XeHUIAAA, ske- 
Walollad PasBeCcTHCh Cb Myxem'’b. OHA BXOLUTS BCA BOsOymRMeH- 
Had, Wypma WOKaMH, H Bb Teyenie NONyIaca HanONHAeTh KOM- 
HaTy CBOHMH 28al06aMH, CaMHM'’b 6e33aCTBHIBBHMS O6Opas0ms 
pasckashBad HeBBpoATHBAMIA DOApo6HoOcTu, pH eM MephsA 
Ha eA IAN [poxkarb PH KaxkOMdb ex ABuxKeHin. Ke cu b- 
HACTH CHOKOMHHA TOCNOAMAD Bb NOHOMeEHHOMb CHPTYKS H CB 
POpecTHHM JHUOMb. OHb—H306pbratetb, Kb ComabHin, ey 
He JOcTaeTh CpeCTBb, HEOOXOTMMHXS WA COOpyKeHiA MOTEIH, 
KOTOpad HOUKHA ero CibiaTh MuTiOHepoms. Bcb ero aBHate- 
Hif DOJHH HeonNcyemaro JOCTOHHCTBa. ToubKO raza ero ro- 
PATE HenpecOopuMHMDS xKeJabiemb Oopb6H wu oHeprieH MOHO- 
MaHa, KOTOPHH ONONGaeTCA Ha BeCb Mipb 38 TO, 4TO TOTh CBO- 
MMB HeNOHHMaHieMb Tenis, CBOeH wRKecTOKOCepqHOH KpPHTHKOH 
WaBUTb ero Kb 3seMIb, MBmMaeTh CMY H OFpaHHaIMBAeTh ero Ha 
KaKTOMB mary. 

Kasajocb, ITO BCS HeCyaCcTbA, BCB HeCYacTHne Mipa Cco6pa- 
JHCbh BB 9TOH KOMHATS Cb eA 6OJUSIIHMD AMCPHKAHCKHMS UHCb- 


- MCHHHMD CTOJOMB mocepesquHB i Cb OPAMHMH KOXS&HHMH 











POKOBHIA CHIH. 137 


KpeclaMu BOKPYrb Kpyrsaroe CToNAa, Ha KOTOPOMB cBepKata 
SHEKTPHIeCKAA Tamia Ha MBAHOK NOAHOKKS. 

ANBOKaTS BCBXB YOBNETBOPHETS, HM HHMITO 8b BCero. 
CHIHMIaHHaro UMb He Hapyllaerb xXoONOAHOCTH ero AbI0- 
BOrO TOH&a H CepxXaHHOCTH ero pasMBPeHHHXS ABuxeHit. Bee, 
4TO OHB CUHUIMTS 37'6Cb, OpOHWKaeTb He arbe ero yxa. 
Cepnue ero ocTaeTCa HesaTPOHYTHM'’. OHS BCe BpPeMA AyMaeTh 
JIMIIb OHO: ,Kb YeMy, COOCTBEHHO, BCe 9TO? Hab-3a yero, c06- 
CTBEHHO, M7 Gopatca?* Hanonsawmii ero yxacb epers 
HHBHED WhIaeTh ANA HeTO TYKTHMH CTpalania Wpyruxd. Ons 
KaKeTCH CaMOMy ce6B YT JH He xXepTBOH KOMIMAapa, Bb KOTO- 
poMb OH’, HecyacTHBumi Mexy HecwacTHHMH, He 6ynyIn 
Bb COCTOAHiN OTBeECTH OBLY OT cBOero CO6CTBeHHAaro 0MAa, 
OCyRAeCHb Ha TO, ITOOH CHABTH CORA PYKA AH YYBCTBOBATH, 
Kakb BCHRIH Upoxomifi CHHMaeTBh TAKeN0e OpeMA Cb CBOUXE 
HwWevb, ITOOH B3BaJIMTb eYO Ha eo Med. 

Bupyrb Bb ero rilasaxXb saxuravTcd UcKpH. Kakb Ob BHe- 
3alHO 8aHHTepecoBaBIIHCh, OHB HAaKJIOHACTCH Hab MHCbMeH- 
HHM®B CTOIOMb H TOBOPHTb CBoeMy NocrBaveMy MocbruTern: 

— Kak 9To caymunoch? He moxete 1H BH DOBTOpHTH? A 
CerOHHA HBCKOIBKO pasc bau. 

KuieoTh —xopomlo oxBTHH padowiii Ch 9HepraqdHWM’d HATeN- 
JHMYCHTHNM OTKPHTHMS, HBCKOJBKO P'BsKHMb JAMUOMD. OB 
BHAUMO YAMBIeEH. : 

— JT ocnHoquHb afBoKaTb He CIYWA0b?—roBOpATH OH. 

— Jia, qa, — BospaxaeTb CrelivepTs 6ucTpo.— Musb xorb- 
NOCb OH TOJNBKO elle pasb YCINMaTh NoApoouocru. 

Pa6owil, Kak OW NOMIMHAACL NOR06HOMy Tpe6oBaHiW NHIIb 
IIOTOMY, YTO He XOUCTH NOBPeAATh CBOeMy A'bIy, NMOBTOpAeTS 
CBOH pasckach Cb Havasa: 

— 5 mHBY 3a TOpOOMB y osepa T'ammap6n, — roBopaTh 
OH},—HIH BO BCAKOMB CryyaB Henonwanery. HbBckombKO mHelt 
TOMY HA3alb A,H meHa MOA DPOCHYJIACh OTB CTYKAa BB OKHO. 
BHO TEMHO H AORTNMBO, H KEHA YMONANA MCHA He BHXOJUMTB: 
NO YaHOB WNAeTCA CTONBKO O6poqsarb, HW ONacHO BHXOJUTB 
HOUBD. 

— Hi ona cToana 8& OKHOM? 

ABOKaTS BIPyYI'h 8aMBTaTh, ITO BCeTAKH CAyMarb pa6bo- 
yaro, TAK Kak CBA TOT MOBTOPHID, OHS Celyach we BCE 
BCIIOMHHJIB. , . 

Pa6owt nocMoTpbsrb Ha Hero ele 6ombe yOuBIeHHHH, Tbh 
Tpeskle, OMHakO, UpONoOKasy: 

— Ja... OHa CTOAIA Tam’... H peOeHka Depxata Ha pyKkaxd. 
Ona cCKasaa, ITO 3a01yqaIach, H Mpocuia UpivTuTh ee Ha 
HOWb. TakuMb o6pa3s0Mb OHA Nonasa Kb HaMb. Kro ona co6- 
CTBCHHO H Fero Oa XOTBa, OHA COBCBMD He TOBOpHsa, HW MB 





188 TYCTABS ADD FRBEPCTAMDS. 


He CYHTANIH BOSMOMHHMD pascipamimBaTs ee. Ha caubayoui 
eH OHA YHA WH Mepeab YXOOMD Npocnsa Hach UpHCMOTpSIS 
3a pedeHKoMsb. Mos KeHa TAKS A C'Blata, a BeYePOMb Ona 
BePHYNach, Cha Cb CBOHMb PeOeHKOMS Bb YTONOKS H Wlakana 
VM uu cnospa. [pycrao 620 cmMoTpbrTb wa Hee. H noTOMy MH He 
MOrIH DMOTpe6oBaTb OT Hes, ITOOH OHA yoa. TakumMp o6pa- 
30Mb, OHA OCTANach y Hacb. Haxaoe yTpo oHa yxOAuNa W Kax- 
Iw Beieph BosBpallanach. MH AyMauu, ITO OHA HUeTS pa- 
6oTH. Tose MH MOoL03phBau, ITO OH& HULETS Fero-TO COBCBME 
upyroro! Mab kametTca, A 3Hab, KTO OTelyb 9TOrO pedeuka. 
Kako#-To Dofelb, KOTOPHH ee CO6asHHAb H 8aTbMb OpocugTs. 

— Tlouemy BH Tak yMmaere? ; 

— Hy—noromy ITO MOH TOBapHIH BURN ee, a paasb a 
ee Take BHIBIb. Ona Obrasia 00 yIHUaMb wu adpHraNs. 
llopcioay mupocuaa pasotH. Ho cosepmieHHO He BHCJIYINABAta 
OTBBTOBb. Ona XOTBa IHMIb WpoltTH 10 MAaCTepCKUMb H 3a- 
amb. Ona OrIaHBanach, CJIOBHO KOPO-TO BHUCKHBaA, H yxX0- 
uaa, He JOKAAAACH OTBBTA. 

— OTKya BH BCe 9TO 3HaeTe? 

— 4 pascnpammuBarb. Byepa ona Mpnuina panbile O6HKHO- 
BeHHarO, MHOFO paab 6arolapia MCHA H MOW 3weHYy H Cka- 
gaia, UTO XO“UeTH yTH OTB Hach. Hy—KopoTkKo H ACHO—OHAa 
yWlla—H CKOpO 3aTBMB ee BHTaINHIH H38b osepa. Ona mRyNa 
ele, HO peO6eHORB yXb OWNS MepTBd. Oa XOTB1a MOKOHYATS 
cpasy cb co6oW H Cb pe6eHROMB. 

Pa6ouii Cb MHHYTY NoMONdanb. [loroMB Cckazanb s3allyu- 
4HBO,—H TONOCh eFO 8BYIaIb Takb, GyATO OH YTOBOPHIS He 
OJHOMY, & MHOrMMD CUyMAaTetAaM: 

— Tosopars, ee O6BHHATS BD yOilictBb. Heykenu 9To B03- 
MOKHO? 

— Boon’ BosmMoxHO,—oTBbTaIb Crefueprb.—dHaete IH 
BH, ry’5 Ona MpoBerta BIepaMHis WeHb? 

— A 3HaW TONSKO, ITO ee BHAI Bb padowems mectBsiL, 

AJBOKaTb BCHOMHMI KeHUIMHY, BUI'BHHYH AMb Y Tpya 
aacTpBiMBUaroca padovaro. Ea 06pa3b OHS HeBObHO MIpHBO- 
WHT Bb CBA8b Cb TOKO YTO CIHIMWAHHHMb. EMY KaxkeTca, ITO 
Tellepb y Hero um’beTca yxe OO6baCHeHie TOTO BHpaxenia ex 
Ha, O KOTOPOMS OHH BYepa cHopuaAu cb lenbMomb. Moers 
6HTb, 3TO CIYYRIOCh Kak pasb Tora, Korsa OHH O Heli ro- 
BODHI. 

OHDb ODHY MHHYTY MeCAIHTb WH, HAKOHeEIb, TOBOPUTS: 

— He 3HaeTe JH... KUBB OTe Pedenka? 

— JKust su?—oTBByaeTh padovili cmymeHHO.—J]a... ob 
HaBBpHOe KUBE. BIO AHDIb Bb TOMD, 8ax04UeTh JH OHA Ha- 
BBaTb ero WH HBTS. He AyMaw, ITOOW Ona 9TO CHbrana. Mo- 





POKOBHA CHA. 1389 


KET OHS ei CAHIMKOMS MOporh, oHa HE B8aXOFeTh MOBPeCAUTS 
eMy. OTO OHBaeTh. 

— Bors kaks, ofnako! SHaunTp,—yMaeTb alBokaTb,—ona 
CTOda Y Tpyla YeOBbKa, 0 KOTOPOMD OH& 3Hala JIMDIb, ITO 
OH ef OpatTb 0 ObauHoctu. H sro Bo MHOFO pasb yBeHIHA0 
ea oTdasnie. Unu, Moxerb, oHa BCe XOqHIa H WyMala 06b 
9TOMb. H, cTrOax TepeXb COBCPOIMBIIHMCA akTOM’, Ona, OHTD 
MOXETh NofyMana: ,AToO me, BBAb 9TO He TAKeWbe?“. H nocarb- 
mopasa ero upumbpy. A a?—yMalb OHD Aanbme. Ob AOI- 
XKeHb OHNE Cb1aTh Hab Cobo Sonpmoe ycuuie, ITOOH He 
BHatTh ceOmd Nepexb YeNOBBKOMS, KOTOPHH HHUeErO He 8HAaeTh 
O HemMb. ABOKaTY BApPylb KaxkeTCa 2wRecTOKOH Komepieli, ITO 
OHB OUKeHb CHIBTh WH TOBOPHTb O TOMB, ITO CMY TAK 
TYX10, Takb Janexo. Ho onB OBJarbBaeTb to6ohW Hu cupa- 
IMHBaeTS: 

— Tyb Tenepb ota meHnnuHa? 

— Y mena.—Ona CIMMIKOMb OoulbHa, ITOOH MOKXHO OHIO 
OTIPaBRTb ee 3b AOMa. Korma ona OKpbUeeTb HeEMHOYL, T'bsI0 
nepelgeTb Bb PykH DOMMUIL. 

— A ¥Yero co6cTBeHHO BH XOTHTe OTh MCHA? 

— Mb TyMana, ToCcnooyqHHd alBOKaTS HaBbpHoe 3acTryouTcA 
3a Hee H 3allMTHTb ee IPOTHBh OOBUHEHIA Bb yOiHcTBB. 

— Kro sro ,Mn“? 

Onb Ckaszarb 3TO XpANI0 BH KecTKO. Paoouitt B8aMBTHIb 9TO 
He N0HHMad UPHIAAH, OHS OTBBTHND Ipocro: 

— Mu seb, KoTopHe roBpopAnH 066 3TOMb BIB. 

OTO MaweHbKoe COBO ,MB“, UpowsmeceHHoe pa6odMM4, 
Nponsbeto YAHBUTeNbHOe AhucTBie: OHO MOMaNO Bb 6ObHOe 
mBcTO agBokaTa. He pasb OHb HaTasIKHBaJICH Ha STO CJIOBO. 
Ons BCTPhialb ero Besrb, Kya HH WOBepHeTCK. OTO COBEIKO 
ub“, CKasaHHoe Bb DOAMepeKY KakOro-HH6yAb Barada WI 
CTPeMIeHIA, CTAIO WIA Hero KNeHMOMD padcTsa, CKOBHBaNIIHMS 
YMH HW 3aTATHBAaWUAMh CBOOOTHNXD Wek Bb ropayeiwyw py- 
Oallky apTii. OTO CNOBeIKO ,MH“ KOra-TO OTpbsaslo ero OTh 
Ipyruxb, CABuaNo ero ONMHOKMMS, KAKOBHMb OHD CeOA 4yB- 
CTBOBaTb H OHJb Telepb Ha CaMOMB AbIB. ITO cTpaHHoe 
COBO, Whlalomee YAOBSKa CHIbHHMb WAU ClaOHMb, CMOTPS 
Io TOMY, Kakb OO yoTpe6maeTca, cTalo QA Hero KpacHHMS 
DAAaMoOM’), Oph Bub koTOparo KpOBb eFO KATH pasb HeHs- 
MBHHO BCOHXHBala. OND Cb paaipakeHieMb MOCMOTPBIb Ha 
padoyaro, rasa KoTOparo cb BHpameHieMbh CHIH H Cb ropa- 
GHM®S BOMpPOcoMd OHH OOpanlenH Ha Hero. BB 9oTY MMHYTY 
OHD OHIb TAKE HEYYBCTBHTeEIeCHb KO BCeEMY, KpoM'B TOrO TO 
KacaJ0ch ero JH4HO, ITO CTOABIIIM Mepeyb HAM eOBBKL 
KasaJica YR eMy He OpaTOMb, IA PykKa UMleETL CTO PYKG, a 
KPeAHTOpOMS, IpHUleAMIMMh Kb HEMY Ch AXECTOKMMH HU ae- 





140 rYcra8d AGB reWercTaMy. 


cipaBelHBHMH Tpe6opaniamu. ,He tenepb!—naymanb onb —He 
Teflepb! Kakb 9TOTh YeOBBRS He NOHHMAeTS, ITO A NONpocTy 
He wozy/“ QHB 3aKyYCHIB 3Y6H, ITOOH BalNyMIATb 6omb, rpo- 
3HBOyY BsATb Bb HEMb BepXhb, HAaKNOHHICA Kb JeNOBBKY, CH- 
WBBOIeEMy Y NHCbMeHHAaro CTONa, U pbsKO CKasa: 

— Bb AyMaeTe, TO A MoTy M3MBHHMTB mBencKie 3akoHH? 
OaKkOHb FOBOPHTb: KTO YMHUMICHHO IAMMIh Yeosbka XH3HH, 
TOTh coBepmusb yoOikctBo. Uto, tyMaeTe BW, MOry TYTb cAB- 
WaTh A? 

— My fyManu, fr. alBoKkaTb MOIb 6H NOMOUb HAMS CHCKATB 
CMArUaWlid BAY OOCTOATEILCTBA MW TAaKb NOCTAaBHTS WSIO, 
YTOOH skeHINHHA OHA coaceHa. 

Ockaps CrelinepTh oTBbrutt: 

— Econ 6m MHB ckazanH, ITO 3aKOHb DOUKeHb ONT HC- 
paBleHb Bb TOMb CMHC, ITOOH Nowo6Hwe cAydau He 1OX- 
XOJHIH N00b Hero, BH OHI OW BOTA NpaBh. besb BcaAkaro 
COMH'bHIA. To, ITO BH MH'B pasckazau, BOniDIe. BH CANMHTe, 
A NOBTOpAW: Bonlwme. sKeHmMHAa sTa 6yneTh OCyRMeHA 3a 
yOiictso. Tlotizerh Bb cMapuTenbani yomb. HW Bce-«b TAaKH 
OH& TOJIbKO HeCIAaCTHaAd, KOTOPyH oOO6ulecTBO O67buuI0. BB Ha- 
cToallee BpeMA YX He MOMHO POBOPHTh O BHHB OOMeCTBA. 
Ho BL JaHHoMb cayyab Ona BCe-TakH CymecTByeTb. H camoe 
CKBepHOe IPH STOME TO, YTO A HUTBMB we MOry 10M0Gb. Hamp 
Heyero HambATLCa, ITO 8aAKOHS OyneTh u3M'bHeHD. A 635 STOTO 
HHKTO HHYeLO He MOKeTH CAbIaT. 

Jluno padoyaro oMpaqdnsiocb. Ob OATH BCHOMAHIB Wpo 
NponacTh MexKAy KlaccaMu, HW Bb HeEMB NpocHylacb LTOpAOCTs, 
TMTaeMaA THCAICIBTIAMH B3aHMHAarO HeAOBbpia HW OTUyYRMeH- 
HOCTH. | 

— OHATHTh, A WONKeHb COOOMIUTh XeHNIHHS, ITO ef HH- 
KTO He MOKeTS MOMOU? — CKasanb On'S.—H MOMMD TOBAaPHDLAaMS 
TAaKKe?—ipwHoOaBhIb OHb Ch rope iby. 

Ockaph CrefikepTh poxouKalb CHI'bTS HENOABURHO, TOUHO 
CIUBa 9TH H He OHH MpousHeceHH. Y Hero OHIO HeACHOe 
omymeHie, 6yATO KTO-TO HaHeCb eMy ray6okyw pauy, koTopaa 
KOrga-HHOyb, BUOCIBACTBIH, KOrWa OH OMOMHHTCA OTb TWep- 
Baro OLNylenia, HaIHeTh edb ero. HO OHS He BB CHAAaXxb 
OHJIb BallA“THTb Ce6A OTb Hallayenisi, B8akuNGaBMaroch# Bb 
S9THUX'b ClOBaxXd. CNOBHO HMYero He CJIHMa, OHb CHIBI Ha 
CBoeMB MBCTB ciuoKkohHo. Bce ray6xxe NPOHHKaNb Bb HELO Ab 
COBB padovaro. Ho aro sxe BCe 9TO, HakoHemb? Kakoe emy 
WBI0 WO CHAAWIaro TYTb YenoBbKa? UTo exy 10 KeHIIHHH, 0 
KOTOPOH TOBOPHTS 3TOTA yeNOBhRE? Kakoe emy Boodme mba0 
lO YYHXUXD Mopzel, 10 uxb cyacTbA M Topas? PasBb Halb HAMS 
He TATOTBNO HecyacTbe, ropasyqo Oowbe tTaxenoe? Mano emy 
ropa H3b-3a AByXb WhreH#, KOTOPHXS HHKTO He XOTETh pO- 





POKOBHA CHIH. : 141 


MOUb eMy CHacTH? OHS yx, COBepMeHHO He 8aMbiab, KAaKb 
ero co6cTBeHHad Cyib6a Bb Tako cTeleHa OBNasbua BCel ero 
JHUHOCTED, 4YTO OHA YHOCHTE cb cobot w cCynbOW Apyrux', 
TOWGeTh HX, CTYMaeTh 00 HAM H pasOuBaeTL UXDb TAR, 
Kakb TOKO MO2KeTh YeNOBBieckad Cyib0a pas6aBaTb rys#HKiA 
CYAbOH, AHUIb TONbKO BOHN XH3HH BHCOKO NOAHUMAaNTCA Ha- 
BCTPBYy Apyrhb Apyry. A eclm axe Ob HU 38aMbyiab, TO 9TO 
6HN0 ANA HeErO HACTONDKO OespasMIHO, ITO CKONb3HI0 MMO 
Hero. Ockapb CtTeHHepTb OHJIb OReCTOYeHD, WH BCeTAKH BB 
STOTh MOMCHTS 4TO-TO BHYTPH YTOBOPHIO eMy, ITO CTOHTS eMy 
TONBKO CMATUHTLCA, IPOTAHYTb PYKY NOMAM'h, CTPAXHYTb KO- 
IK0OTh, NOKPHBAaBMYH ero AyOly 4 W80TUPOBaBOLyNW er0,—u OHD 
OHJb 6H cCHaceH'’b. OHS OHI Bb CTPAalHOMb BONHeHIN. Emy 
XOTBIOCh BCKOUHTh, CXBATHTb paboqaro 8a Tropil0, TPACTH eFo, 
KpHYaTb eMY BB CamMoe yxo: ,f1 TakOH xe YeNOBBKL, 4TO H 
TH! Ma camomy JocTatoqso Taseno! Kakb TH CM'beulb IpuyATH 
Kb ApyromMy HW ckasaTb emy: ,llomoru muB!“ EcTb JH XOTB 
OWHO RHBOe CYUeECTBO, KOTOPOe Bb COCTOAHIM XOTA OH CaMOMY 
ce6sb momoub?“ . 

Halparan cBou Nocwrbavia CHIH, CBOH HHCTHHKTS Camovoxpa- 
HeHiad H CHOCO6HOCTh Barb CO6OW, KOTOpAA, Bb Cyyab Heo06- 
XOMMMOCTH, AbuaeTh BOs6Y2XTeCHHHXD Woe copeplieHHO X0- 
JIONHHMU, OH CKAsaJ': 

_— HH He Mory BasTbca 3a OeaHanexHoe DBI. 

Pa6oyili Betanb. Uto onb UPHIeNIb Bh HeYAAIBHH MOMCHTDS, 
STOrO OH’, KOHETHO, He NOHAND. OAS FYBCTBOBAND AMOI X0- 
JIONb, BBABWUIIA Ha HeEYO OTS CHOBb H BCeH MurypH aBokata. 
H sero osn061aa MHCIb, ITO OBTHAKDS BCerga HelpaBs. 

— ToBapHiu u A Cb YOBOABCTBICEMS FOTOBH BOsHarpaquTh 
Vr-Ha aBOKaTa,—CKasalb OHb CYXO. 

CrelivepTh Baqporsyib TOUHO OTb yyapa. 

‘ — Krto ropopuTs 0 roHopaph?—KpHKHYIb Ob BAB ce6sa.— 
Si pasBb usb ThXb, KOTOpHeE TpeOyNHTh BOsHArpaxAeHin 3a 
6narombania? Haute ce6b, mo6esnnii, HW OCTaBbTe MCHA Bb 


moOKo8B! 
Pa6oyili sce eme Buarbub co6on. Onb oOTBBTHNS cno- 


KOHHO: 
— A.rpe6dyio He Onaroybanii, a cupaBeaznupoctru. H ea a 
Takme He XOTBIb 6e3b TeHers. 

Cb 9THMU CIOBaMH OHS BHIMEND. 

AJIBOKaTh OCTAICA OHH. OHS AYBCTBYCTH, ITO CLO OXBA- 
TEHIBAeCTh 03HOOb. On 8HaeTH, ITO OHS COBCPIINIS AYPHOH No- 
eryuors. Ho sto He MBmaeTh CMY UPHHATE HOBHX®B Ruiex- 
ToB?>. Koraa ond OCTaeTCA COBEPIIeCHHO OHH, Kb HeEMY BO3- 
Bpamaetca HbKOTOpCE paBHOBbcie, KOHeEYIHO, JIMDIb Kamy- 
pmeeca;—cioKolictsie, Mallee eMy BOSMOKHOCTS TOBOPHTS, W'b- 


142 rYCTABo A®'b FEHEPCTAMS. 


JaTb, TyYMaTb, He BHaBad ce6a. CabuianHoe AMb YTPOM Of: 
KpHTie He aeTh emMy lokos. Bce Bpema ero npecbayerts 
CTpaxh, YTO Bb eo OTCYTCTBIA TOMA MOKETL CAYIHTHCA HBITO 
Takoe, 4TO paspyluTb BcB ero cTapaHisf. Oud BHXOAUTD Ha 
VIMY, CagutchH Ha TpoeKH uw BleTb DomMow. [loot MHMKOH 
OH AEPKUTh WoOpTPeib cb OyMaramy. 

Ockapb CrefivepTh 3HaeTb, ITO Tellepb ero JBTH WOMa 3aB- 
TpakawTs. [lowTH OesilyMHO OTKPHBaeTh OHS ABEPb BS KOPpH- 
opb, 6HCTPO MpOXOAUTd KaGHHeETH H BaXOAUTb BB CTONOBYD. 
PoO6HHD CHANUTE elle 38 CTONOMD. 966a CTOMTh Boars HePo, 0- 
NOKUBb OMHY HOry HA CTY UW NoAMepesb ronoBy | pyKou. 
Jiimanad Koca CBHCaeTh 110 ef CHHHS. 

‘AABOKaTh BHUMATEJIDHO OFIATWBaeTh WHna [breH. 

— Tm BepHyica yx>b oMoH, nana?—rospopuTb Pobuut H 
BCTACTh, ITOOH DO3AOPOBaTbCA Ch HUM’. 

— Al koe-YTO 3a6H.Th,—OTBBTHIb alBOKaTh.—O 4eM'b BH 
roBOpHH? 

— Hu 0 yemMb,— nocubmuna oTBbTATS 966a. 

Po6uHb NOCMOTpbab Ha Hero yXHBIeHHO. Onb He TOHE- 
MaeTh TPe€BOKHarO COCTOAHIA oTia. Cectpa eme Hero He 
pasckasana emMy. Ho 366a noHuMaetb. BHCTPHMS HHCTHHR- 
TOMB J/BBOUKH OHA CMYTHO AOTaqWBaeTCA, YTO BHesallHoe BO03- 
Bpallenie OTWa HaXOJHTCA Bb KakoH-TO CBA8H Cb HX pasro- 
BOPOMS uoyTpy. Ova Kpacu’berTb HW OTBOpaduBaeTca. 

— Mama ele couTbh?—cnpamiuBaerTh aBokars. 

— Jja,—orpbaaers Po6unt.—Cectpa OmMa TONbKO 4TO Ona 
31'BCb. 

He ropops 6o0mbme HH CNOBa, OTeL'b KHBAeCTh HMB POTOBOR 
MW yXOQuTb. CHA OATH HA TPORKAaXh, OH YVBCTBYeTh, KAakb 
Ge3slbubHO ONTO ero nocburesie. Hagero on'b He 3HaeTh H He 
ysHaerb. ITo fomxHO NpousouTu, BceTakH npoHsowgzers. Ha- 
yero OH He MOKeTb M3M'BHUTS Bb TOMS, Wero GOHTCH H 4YTO 
IIpeIBALUTD. 

Korta XBTH O0ATb OCTaNTCA OHH, cecTpa pasckasHBaeTh 
Opary, 4TO OHa BUAbna W CHIMana. BuHOBaTO Bb 9TOM® 10- 
chutenie orga. PoOnHb mpucaymimBaetca, pascopaluBaers, 
NHWO ero coBepMienHO ObAHO, 4, KOTMa CecTpa KOH™UAaeTE, 
raza ero NOJHH cle3ab. Onw o6mbunBawtca oO bmianiamMu: BCE, 
4TO OHH 3HAal0Th WH ROBBPAWTS Apyrb Apyry, ocTaveTcA Mewmly 
HHMH. HUKTO He AONKeHD yaHaTb 066 2toMb. Jlaxe nana— 
ons MeH'’be YBMD KTO- HOO. 








PORKOBHIA CHIH. 148 


VI. 


Topa JIbfoHr'b uaa Ha y3koH JoaHHOBCKOH yaunib, mpoxo- 
aaweh MHMO KilanOuima Toro xe HasBaHia. Kcr BOHTH Bb 
KOMHaTH H3b Depenueh, rah ropeTb Tas0sHh powxoKh, MOKHO 
NOLYMaTb, ITO BO BCeH KBapTUpPh WapHTb MPakb: Bb cTOIOBO 
TCMHO, Bb CUaIbH'S TakxKe, Bb TocTHHOl—unOoNyMpakb. TOKO 
Bb 3anHeH KOMHAaTS TopuTh OObMad WaMla, cTOAaA Ha CTa- 
PpOM®b KpyrJOMb cToub kpacHaro AepeBa, Cb KPHBHMHA HORKKAaMA, 
MaHepHO H3arH6aNDIHMNCcA Ha TOJICTOMb KpacHoM’d Kopps. dana- 
BBcH 30'6Cb NOAHATH, HeECMOTPA Ha YTOPAWLYO Bh KOMHATS 
JamMuay. Cb KPyTOH BOSBHIMIe€HHOCTH, Ha KOTOpOH CTOHTb JOM, 
OTKPHBaeTcA Aatexit Buab Ha I‘yMenbcKit wbcb, aa Kpacru- 
Haberb, Ha Bech CTOKTOUbMb, KOTOPHH TAHETCA 1osarH. 

KBaptupa, A0cTaTOuHO OOIMPHAaAA ANIA OTMHOKOH amu, CBH- 
IBTeIbCTBYeTb O 6NarococTosHin H NWOBU KB cTapHH'b. Bb crTo- 
JIOBOH pascTaBleHa TAeIaN, NOTEMHBBINAA OTb BpeMeHH y- 
Oopaa MeOetb. TocTuHad NOUTH DycTa: Bb Heh CTOANTb JHIIb 
OoNmbOIOH CTONb KpacHaro AepeBa, UpAMOH AMBaHb HM pascta- 
BICHHHE BHONb CTBHDb CTYIbA CTHIA empire, OCTAaBIAIOULIe CBO- 
6ouHoe MBCTO ANA BENHKOMBOHarO CMHMPHCKaro KOBpa, wexKa- 
maro Telepb Bb NOJyTbMb. Y 3saqne cTBHH CTOHTb POUJDb. 
Bs Toh KoMHarb, ryb Teuepb cBBTI0, BO BCCEMb UYBCTBYeTCA 
TeNNO—Bb KpacKkaxh, Bb MaTepiAXhb, Bb KOMHGeCTBS HU Hhopmh 
AMBaHHHXd MOAyWMeKsb; OHO CTPYHTCA Take HBb OHA, Fops- 
aro Bb HapasnoBoH neuKb. Bb OoNbUOMb KpecyB CHIUTh 
Ockapb Crefigeprb. CrpaHHo Bu'bTb, Kakoe cBBTI0e cioKoH- 
cTBle WapuTb Ha eF0 JMB, OOHKHOBEHHO MpadHOM’b XH BOsby- 
SETCHHOMD, & elle alle PaBHOAYIUHOMb HM HMYeTO He BHpa- 
RAWIUEMD. 

— Kaxkoe o6ueruenie no6nts y Te6a!—roBOpaTb OAD BAPYI'D. 

Topa JiboHrb ABuraeTcaA 010 KOMHAaTS OHCTpO A ORMBIEHHO. 
Ona HeOOHRHOBeHHO CTpOHHa, U JIMIWb B8a0CTpHBWiACcA YepTH 
CA JIHU& BHJaOTb eA BOspacTh. Y Hex ocobeHHad MaHepa YJIH- 
OaTECH—He ry6amMH TOJbKO, 8 BCBMb JHNOM’b, KoTOpoe odua- 
JIACTh CHOCOOHOCThIO pasOMh MpPociATh, usyuaTb CBABTb H Te- 
m0. Ona caMa He YYBCTBYeTb TOTO, KaK'b CHNbHO 3TUM’b OTIH- 
waeTod OTb Apyruxb. Ona upekpacHo 3HaerTb BCe BHYTpeHHeEe - 
wm BHbmHee a Crefinepta. Uro-To Bpoa’’ MWACTHAKTa DOACKash- 
BaeTb eli, ITO VTOTh YIOBBKE CO CBOHMH BUaCTHHMH, YIJOBA- 
THMH MaHepaMH eCCTb Bb CYMIHOCTH MArkifi MeyTaTeNb, KOTOpHE 
BeleTh MUSsHeEHAYI OopbOy, CKPHBb JIMNO DOb sab6pasom'. 
HakJ0gAACb Kb HeEMY, OHA OTB UAT: 

— TH xO4eMIb CKasaTb, TEOK HeYeroO HaCHJOBaTb ceba? 


144 TYCTABb A®B LEBEPCTAMD. 


— JJa, HMeCHHO!I—TroOBOpHTh OH OBOIbHHA H 3akpHBaeTh 
Tasa. 

Jlonro cHXHTS OHD Takb. OHS CaMb YAHBIAeTCA TOMY, ITO 
Bce, HeqaBHO KasaBpmeecd eMY HeONPeOAOIHMO TAREIHN'S, 
BOpyr'bh YTpaTHIO TAKL MHOFO HHTeCHCHBHOCTH. OH TYBCTBYeTS 
ceOa TaKHMb CBOOOMHHM', CJIOBHO erO YRb He MORETH 10- 
CTHIHYTb HHKakoOe 310, TAKHMb CHJIbHHM', CJOBHO OpeMA, KO0- 
TOpoe eMy UPHXOAMTCA TallHTb, Mepectato ONTh TARE. 
OTO UPOHCXOAUTh OTb TOFO, YTO CMY 3A'BCh HHKOTAa He HYRHO 
OObBACHATECA, CMY Heyero OOATECA, ITO eFO CNOBA DOMMYTS He 
TaK'b, Kab OHD XOTBIb OH. | 

— AXb,—TroBOpHTb 08'b Cb YAHOKOH,-—ymRacHo TAREIO OTL 
NOCTOAHHO OKPYRCHHHMS YYIKHMH JIOAbMH. 

OTB ero Apyra He YCKONbsaeTh UpwaHadie, Kpowuleecs Bb 
@9THXD MPOCTHX'’b, OTKPOBCHHO CKasaHHHXx'b cwoBpaxb. He paas 
yexb CrelinepTh ToBOpHb Cb Hew O CBOelt mens, HO HHKOrAa 
OH He IPOH3HOCHIb eA HMeHH H BOOOMe He BAAaBaJICA Bb 
HOAposHocTH 0 cBoeM’b Opaxkb. Axb BaanMHOe NOHHMAHie HACTOJbKO 
pasBH0Cb, ITO HaMe€KH HW MOUYBHCKasababe BaraygH HMB 
IH HHXb TakyW se CHJYy, KaKb JJIMHHHA DPHNsHaHiA H Upo- 
cTpaHHbimia o6bacHenia. Y Crefigepta Boo6me He ONO No- 
TpeOHOCTH TOBOPHTb 0 TOM’, YTO ero yruHeTao. Jia uw 6eab 
CJOBb, OAHO JHMM UpucytctTBie Apyra NoMorano eMy MporHatTs 
Bce TO, UTO erO OOHKHOBeEHHO Tep3alo0 H MYyYHIO. Bh en 06- 
WecTBs OH'b CTAHOBHICA TBMb, YBM’b OH OOHKHOBCHHO He 
OHBaN'b — TBIBHHMD weNoBbKoMmb. HW x0Ts OH'b 3HaIb. ITO 9TO 
YYBCTBO UpOMAeTS, JIMMIb TOUEKO OHS BHAZETH Bb BaKOLO- 
BaHHaro Kpyra eA KOMHATH, OH'D BCe #e OWJB eMy pamb. Ha- 
KOHEIb, OHS OOPaTHICA Kb He Cb NOUTH BecenoH YJIHOKOR: 

— Kak co6cTBeHHO CIYIHIOCh, ITO MH CTAaJIH ApysbaMH? 

— JTO NPOHs0MN0 WOcTeneHHO, KaKb BCerAa UPOHCKOAMTS 
H JOURHO UPOMCXOAMTh BCe NOA0OHOe,—NOCIHMacA OTBBTD. 

Oya Ha MHHYTY saMonKaeThb. HW cBo6ogH0, cb yOHOKOH, 
CJOBHO TrOBOpA HBITO Camo CO6OW NOHATHOe, UpHOaBlaerhb: 

— Bupovemt, 9TO NpOHs0lNI0 NOTOMY, YTO A NOHATAa BTOTD 
oco6eHHHH, Te6K cBOMCTBeEHHHH BH'b OJHHOUCCTBA, & TH OT- 
YacTH NOHANID MOH. He Takb JH? 

— JlonmHo 6uTb,—-oTBbTHIb CretHeprs. 

Bech pasroBoph MpoH3sBOAHAb Bheyatrbuie, 6yqTO Kawaii 
3b HUXD KLal'b, wTOGH ApyroM HapyMuTb momyanie. Cre#t- 
HepTb IIPHBHRD Bb sTOM KOMHATH OTAHXAaTb, MOMPOCTy OTAH- 
XATb H TOBOPHTb OYeHB MawIO. H MHICJIb, ITO BCe Ke UpHAeTcA 
TOBOPHTb, IpeTuia emy. Takb OaroTBOpHO ABACTBOBaATIO Ha 
Hero OHO yRb MOUUAHIie. 

OH’, OJHAKO, NOTHHMaeTCH, HAKOHEILb, AH DOXXOLHTH Kb 
cBoemMy Opyry. [lopysuctHMb ABHKeHieMb OHB OXBATHBAeTS 











YOROBBIA CHB. 145 


ea TONOBY H WhAyeTb eA BONOCH. SaTbMb OHS OHCTPO OTBO- 
PatHBaeTcs, COBHO YCTHAHBIIHCh cBoew MaArkocTH. Topa aa- 
mbuaerb T10 ero rlasaMb, KOTOPHe BAPYI'b 3ATYMAHHIHCh, ITO 
OHS BSBOJIHOBaH'’b, HO HE XOUeTH STOO NOKAasarb. 

— Kasretca, a He onlM6nach,—a Te6a BuI'bia BYepa?—Ha- 
GHHaeTS OHA, HENAN BHPY IMT ero.—UTo cyaH0ch? 

CrefifepTb Bech BHUpaMHca. Tenepb HNO ero yRb HE 
cookofHo. Ob cHayada HHYerO He OTBByReTS Ha CA BOMPOCD. 
Kasketca, 6YATO OH'b CMOTPHTb Ha HBITO COBCBMD Apyroe, 60- 
abe ruy6oK0e, YhMb ero coOOcTBeHHaA MAaJICHbRaAA cyb6a, Ko- 
TOPah, YYBCTBYeTb OWS, ONH8HTCA Kb cBoeMy Kony. Inasa 
TopH cIbgATb 3&8 HHM'b, NOKa OHS TOBOPHTh, WH OHA 6e8b ero 
OGBACHeHIA NOHHMACTh, ITO CNOBAa, KOTOPHSA OH Telepb OBo- 
PHTb, JaBHO ymRe AWyTb ero Aymy. Ho ona 4YBCTBYeTH Takzse, 
4TO, He CUYIHCh Cb HHUMDb Yerd-HHOYAb TaKOrO, Wero OH He 
MOMeTh HIH He XOUeTh BHCKABATH, COBA 9TH HUKOT a He OHH 
6 UponsHecesy. OHa NOHHMACTL, ITO ORB HICTH TEMH AIH 
paszroBopa, 4TOOH Ha MHHyTy 3a6nTBca. HW, Kpomb Toro, ona 
3Haerb, ITO OcKkapb CretnepTbh IPHHaNIeRATb Kb ThM'b, HH- 
TEHCHBHO XHBYIWUMDb HATYPaM'b, IbA IMYHAA WAHSHb cera- 
CTCA Cb CYAbOaMH APYrHXb Bb OAHO yRacHoe W'bN0e, OTS KO- 
TOoparo OHH He MOryTSb YHTH. 

— JTJOMHHINb JIM TH eI€,—CKasab ON'b,—Kakb A Kb Teh 
WpHlerb BB epBHH pasb? TH MeHA Upuraacnua Kb ceOb, u 
A CTOANb TYTH y ORHA. BHIS BeceHHid BeYept, Kak'b HTeLepb, 
HM A BuepBhe YEHABIb Cb BHCOTH OTY 4AacTb CroRroubMa, KO- 
TOpPan TakKb H3aMBHHIACh Cb THxb Dopb. Takb MHOrO «nen 
3Bep 6H10 Torga. Ja, 4 roBopw HMeHHO TO, 4TO AyMan. 3a'BCh 
OHIJIM IW”, MHOrO JhZeH. Sl BUDA HXb UPH APKOMb HEB- 
HOM?>D cBBTB. A CHXbIb Bb UXb KPYry, 1O#kHMANb HMB PYKH, 
TIPHCIYUABAICA Kb HXb CNOBAMS HM OBOPHI'b CaM TAKb, Kak’b 
H Teepb TOBOpW JHWb cb TO6ow. Tora a MOrb elle rOBOpHTh 
cO BCBMH, H, YTO CTOMb ate BawHO, Apyrie MOFIH TOBOPHTb 
co MB#OoW. HHRTO He COMHBBAICA BB AOOpoH Bob apyroro. ¥ 
Be BxXD Ona o7Ha Bbpa, ona Hagexyza, O2Ha W6OBb. My Jep- 
2CAJIUCh APyrb Apyra, HO 6esb pascyeTOBh; MH NOAepRuBaAIH 
Apylh Apyra, HO He WhIaNM Hsb STOTO HHYELO BeNHKATO; MH 
PA@OBANACL CBOHMD YcubxaMd, JYBCTBOBAIH CBOH Nopameniz... 
Mega 4 KpHTHROBaIH APyrb apyra... Ho 6eab sopadcTBa o BH- 
CcOKOM®#piaz. ° : 

‘Tenepb me Bce sTO OYATO BCde3I0, BIH sapocio ThMb-TO 
TeEMUHUHM), TAKCIHMb, MPAYHHM'b, CJIOBHO BCeMY, YTO MH JID- 
GOWJIH Korga-To, He xBaTaeTb Boszyxal Uto 3a cHuH whicTBO- 

BaJiH TyTb? A MH, MH TOWYeMD 3'BCb BCe TO, YTO HApOcsoO, A 
BeMJIA cTala nycToh w MepTBoH! 


@Pespaap. Orgbar |. 10 


146 TFCTABD A®DB TRHEPCTAMD. 


— Ho Hab TOPO, iTO Telleph HaM'’b KaRCTCA MEPTBHMb, Kora 
HHOyAb paclBbTerh OyTYMLHOCTH. 

Crefineprb nepectaeTb maraTb 00 KomAaTS. Onb DPHCOY, 
IUMBaeTCH K'b COBAaM’b, KOTOPHA, Bb YCTAaxb Apyroro, BH&BaJH 
6H Bb HCMb B3&PpHBb eFO CaTHpH, Ayxa UpoTHBopbaia, UpH- 
CHYMIMBACTCA Kb HHM’D MOTOMY, YTO OHH BHINIM H8b YCTh ero 
Upyra, UpacyMiuBaeTca, TOUHO AXAeCTb, ITO OHH TOTYACH sme, 
Ha ero [lasaxb MpeTBopaTca Bb AbACTBUTeIBHOCTb. 

— AXBb a,—YToBopuTb OHb.—KToO Bb aTO BBpyeTb, TOTh 
MomeTb muTb. Ho rab BBpa? Tab wagexga? A a060Bb? CKamn 
OTKpOBeHHO: Ha 4TO TH Halbembca? Bo yto TH BbpaMb? “Uto 
TH J0OHMIb, A 3Han. He To a OW TeOa HE CUpalluBab. 

Topa JIbparb onyckaerb ronopy. Juno ea Bb ThHH. Termepb 
OH&a YRL He KaxkeTcCA MOON. 

— SI muBY OJHHOKO,—roBopuTs ona.—Ho no BpeMeHaM’ A 
Bce Tak BURY oTeH. Bb o6mectsh a roBopwH He MHOTO H 
6obmMe NPHCAYOIBBaWCh Kb TOMY, ITO TOBOpATb Apyrie. Ecrs 
TYTb BCerO HBCKONLKO CeMeHCTBb, Kya A 3axomy uacro. ¥ 
MCHA Take CCTh JINWAN, -H HX’ OONLMe, THM TH TyMaelib,— 
KOTOPHe IpHBASHBaNTb MCHA Kb RHSHH. TH DOTOMY Tak’b ry- 
6oKo Bce 3TO YYBCTBYelIb, ITO TH H30NHpOBaHb. Te6b Hevero 
OUpaBAHBaTbca peo MHOW. Jl 3Haw, KaKHMDb o6pasoOMb TH 
cTaIb TakuM’b. HO A xo4y CKaszaTb Teds TO, ITO TyMaW: H Kpomsb 
Te6—a e€CTb MHOFO WOAeH,—cb cepayemMb, DOIHHMb eywas4,— 
KOTOPpHe YYBCTBYHTS, ITO HA HHXb ONYCTHNOCL ITO-TO TeEMHOE 
TAReIOe, ATO-TO TaKOe, ITO Bb Halle cTpanh, OHTh MOMETS, 
6ombine, YSMB Tob OH TO HH ONO, OTFbIAeTh WoReh 
Apyrb oTb Opyra. H puyero He MOry WhIaTb, TH 9TO 3HAaelIB. 
IlucaTb « He ymM'bW, NPONOBbAHBaTb H NOZaBHO. OHO UHOIb 4 
MOrYy: CTapaTbCA COXPAaHUTb cBOe Cepale MOJOIHMb H—ZEAaTh, 
HKTaTb, WOKA HACTYNATS Wyawie THU. 

— A eCJIH OHH HHKOra He IpHAyTs? 

CrettepTb Dpod0lKab WaraTb 10 KoMBaTb. Ho oB® crty- 
laJ’b THXO, CIOBHO NOrIOMad Kampoe c10Bo. Ero Apyrb Bos- 
pasha: 

— Torga A DOnnTaWCch yBBpOBaTb, YTO HXb yBHAATS Tbh, 
KOTOpHe NpHAYTh DOcrB Hach KOra-HHOy AB. 

IIpoMoi4aBb MHHYTY, OH& NpOOMRala TOBOpHTb, BCe Bpewa 


‘Tuaqa Ha Creftwepta, KOTOPHH CTOANb Telepbh y OKHA H ras- 


WbIb Bb CYMeCPRAH BeceHHArO Beyepa. 

— TH AyMaelib, ITO TH CAHHCTBCHHHH, KOTOPHH TYBCTBYyeTD 
ce6A TAaKHMb O(HHOKMMb? BbSpb TH MHS, Bb Halle crpanh 
COTHH MY2KUHHD H RCHUIMAH CTPasawWTh OTb TOTO Re YYBCTRA. 
Y O2HHXb OTH cTpaszanif NPOABIANWTCA Bb BHAB CUHDUIKOMS 
CHIbHOH HMHTeUNeKTyaIbHOK TopsxdHOcTH, gApyrie BuAnaITh BB 
allaTin, TpeTbH NObAawWTS CeO6A CAMOHCHABHCTHHUCCTBOM®D, wWeT- 





POKOBELE CHUB. 143 


BeprHe HIMYTb sadBeHia BB pasBpaThb A ObAHCTBS, UATHe, Ha- 
KOHeEIYb, HAXOAATH yObmRawe Bb HACMBIURB ux HpoHin. H y 
BCBXb HXb CCTb OJHO OOmee:.0HH YYBCTBYWTH ce6A OMHOKMMM. 
OTO CTAHOBHTCA 3aMbTHHM, €0Ba UPHCMOTPHIIbCA Kb HAMS 
no6nume. HU cpeau Thx'b, KOTOPHe YYBCTRBYWTH ITO ONMHOWECTBO 
riyoxe H OomrbsHena'be BCBXD, MORHO HAaATH HW TAKAX’b, KOTO- 
pHe 8aMKHYJIHCb Bb ce6b H pasoTranTrh H —w#wLyTb. Onn TO KMa- 
HYTb PyHAaMenTE ANA HoBoH [penin, KoTOpad Korma-HuOyAb 
Opuyerb, Kora MHHeCTh AeHb OAHAOFUECTBA. 

— Hosasa Ulsenia? Uro sto 3a cnoBo? 

Bb ronocb Ockapa Crefinepta 3By4asa pB3kocTh, MOUTH He- 
HaBucTb. Ho Topa Jibwnrh y.INOHYaCch CMY WeWaJIbHO, XOTA u 
BNOIHS TOBpInBo. | 

— He o6mMaHHBaH camoro ce6a,—ckKasala oHa.—MeHa TH 
He oO6MaHelIb. A BAL BUTbIa TeOA HW BHAW, KAKb BCE VTO CAB- 
aayocb. SH 3haw, ITO TH AYMaecwib OOb oTOM ropasyzo 6oupMe, 
wbMD #. Hopas Ulseria! To, 0 yew@b HUKTO TeHepb He ToBO- 
PHTb, HO 4TO Korga-HHoyaAb OyweTb Y BCBXDb Ha YCTaxXhb A—4TO 
ele BamHbe—y BCBXDd Bb CepAlaxb,—MONOJ0 HW HBO. 

— Buuo mBKorga YTO-TO TakOe, ITO HASHBANOCE ,MOODOf 
Isenie#*,— pospasnb onb.—Ecuu we omu6anch, sToO 6HuI0 
OpaHHHMD CJIOBOM'b. 

— Mw BBab elle He TAK CTapH,—saMBTHwa ona. 

— TH CYUaCTIMBHNA, CCIM MOXEMIb BBPATb BO BCe aTO. 

Crefineprb OCTaHOBHJICA. Copa ero 3BydaH Piyxo: 

— Korga-To 4 Tome BHHMATb OTHM’b CIOBaM’b, HO STO DbHIe 
CHPeHH ABJIACTCA TeNepb MOHMMb agOMb. Moe HecuacTbe Bb 
TOM®b, YTO yY MCHA Npekpachad DaMatb. J] AyMalo 0 MyY2KIHHAXD, 
KOTOpHe OWI PaCTONTAaHH, O XeCHITHHAXd,. KOTOPHA DorHoH. 
GHab A WH TAKHX}, KOTOPHeE KAKMMD-TO YYAOMb cuacnucy. Tb, 
KOTOpHe TepeskHIH HBITO NOM0OHOe, UPOAOWKawWTh wuTb. A 
BOKPyrb HMCHS NOKOMHHKOBD BCe saTHXI0. JRUBHe MepTBeLIH 
MOryTbi ThXb, KOTOPHE AOWKHH OWJIH ymepeTb, MOTOMY TU 
MX LyYXd KuBbe Dyxa norw6imux’d. Korga A OrIADHBabch Hazard 
H& CBO) MH3H!, Ma'b, Topa, KameTca, uTO A BURY OLH'S IAI 
MOPHJIH. A opumierb cha, NONKHH CH.1b H MONOZOCTH, A CTpacTHo 
CTPeMHBJICA Cla, HOTOMY ITO Bb YHHBeEPCHTeTs MHS OWNO CIHI- 
KOM® TbcHO. PazocTHot MONOZ0CTH A MOUTH He 3Hab. J ABHIICA 
CIONa Cb MHCJbIO, ITO MHB8Hb, COOCTBEHHO TOBOps, WOcTaTOUHO 
ropbkKa, H camoe wyumee, ITO MCHA OMMTAeTH, 9TO padorTa. 
Torya A OWTb TAKUMD He, KAKb TH Teneph. H xaarb. Tw Mena 
sHaemb, Topa. TH 3Haelib,—tTo, 4TO 4 roBopn, paBaa. Mor 
OTEWb TOIbKO 4TO yMepb Torma. Moa MaTb Oba odeaneueHa. 
Visa oTupasyica lytTemectBopaTb. S{ CTpaHCTBOBab, BOsBpa- 
UaJicA WOMOK, H Kamwi{WH pasb BOKpyI'b MCHA CTAHOBHIOCE BCE 


wycTuunbe. Korma a BepHyJca Bb DOCIbABIN pasb, A UpuBesb 
10* 


148 TYCTABL Adb PRHRPCTAMD. 


Cb co6oh caow steny. Mu HallaM Apyrb Apyra Bb BeHKOMD 
ropoxb wa Cenb, rab BONHH AXH3HH NOANMA&WTCA TaK'b BHCOKO, 
rab kamgut peHb upo6yeszaerb HACh Kb HOBO pagoctu. Mu 
IIH PAXOMb, KaKb DBA OJHHOKAXD YeNoOBbKa, Ballet MHxhb 
Apyrh Apyra, HW Jase He NpenyyBCTBOBAaAIH Tora, ITO CO Bpe- 
MCHCMD MOMCTL HACTYMMTL eHub, Korda MH Domarbemb 0 HAa- 
meH ecrpbuh. BorbsHb Moe meHH OWA TOra ryb-TO rIy- 
Ooko ckpHta. sJKH3Hb HeECHA HACh TAaKb Nerko, OYAHH Cb AXb 
TOCKIMBOH TaAToTOH emalw TAaKb ay6oKO Oqb HaMH. 
MH OHJIM TAK CYACTIHBH, TaKb HeCKasaHHO CuUacTIMBH. 51 
UOMHN, HaM’b Kasajlocb TOrga, ITO Ha BCBX’b CBATAIHCL, PIAA 
Ha Hach. Hf BOTh OHaARIH HACL OXBaTHIa TOCKAa 00 powHAh 
H MH obxalu Aomon. HA npwperb ee Kb TeOb... cha... Bb OTY 
KoMHatTy. [loMHHIb IH TH elle sTOTh Beyepb? HuKorga emre 
He OHIO BG MHS TakOH THOIMBH, TakOro NOKOA, Kakb Tora. 
Hakorga ee «A He OH TARb Walekb OTb BCAKOH TPeBOrH 
BCAKOH cyeTH, BCAKOH pasnqBoeHHocTu. H Bce Taku, KOrga a 
Upibxaib, A YBCTBOBaNb, ITO Yb CHHIIKOMD DOsTHO. TS 
HBCROIbKO JbTb, KOTOPHA OOBIUAIH CTOMb BEIHKOe, KORIHIHCh 
H okasasica OBUHAKOMD, PacTpaTHBINHM'S cBoe HacIbACTBO Ha 
ayxoH cropon'b; Torgalimee NoJlomeHie MOC 3aCTaBIAIO MCHA 
OTKPHTbh KOHTOPY—MlosRepTBOBaTS CBOHMH MeyTaMB. Ii 4 OTKPHITb 
CBOW KOHTOPy: BBIb MHS HYHO OHIO HUTS. TOBOpATh, ATO 
MHS Beso, MH'B Bce yaaBasocb. Ho orb Beero Toro, Ha 4TO 4 
HBKOr]a HarbaIcA H Kb 4eMy CTPeMHICA, He OCTaOCh HAYero 
Ii Korga TH YTOBOPHDIb, 4TO, HECMOTPA Ha Bce aTO, AOUAHO 
MIATb H HANLBATLCA,A AYBCTBYW HBITO BPO Hay'bBaTebcTBa, 
XOTA 9TH CJIOBA HCXOAATb 43h TBOHXD ycrb. Ha yTO MHS Ha- 
mbatToca? A Bbab CBA8aHb 00 pyKaM®d Hu HOramM’. [Ipaso, korgza 
A TOra BepHyJIca, A Kasalicn ceOb KAKHM-TO aa01yIHBINHMCA, 
CJIOBHO OCTABHIb OTCUCCTBO, BeJIHKIK UpekpacHHH Mipt, Bb Ko- 
TOPOMb A YYBCTBOBaIb ce6A CBOMMb, H HOMab Kb TYRAMES, 
KOTOPHe TaKb me MaJiO NOHHMA&IM MCHA, kKakb A HXb. Bee aro 
TH BBOb sHaellb. SaTbMb H TeEOB TOBOpWH BCe 3TO? 

Topa JIbDHTS DOHsNacb. Ona cToala Mepey’b HUM’) CTPOR- 
Had WH rHOKaA WH Aba Bb WHO, rasa koToparo “ws6braniH 
eH raed. 

— Tans TH TYMaelUb Bb CBOH MpatHhe YacH,—ckasaia OHA 
THx0.—Ho aTo He Tak’b. TH JyMaelb, HApO’b Halll'b MEPTB'b. 
Ho # ropoph Te6b, Ob HBS. OnHY 3HMy 38 Apyro# MpoBo- 
MUIb TH Bb cCTOIHOS H COBepIleHHO He BCTPBuaeMbcaA Ch 
JHOIbMH: BBIb TBOHXS COOYTHJIBHHKOBD H ThXb, Cb KOTOPHIMH 
TH CTAaNIKHBaeHIbCA 00 ABIYy, CUYAHTATh He Wpuxogntca. Bce TH 
BUQHIIb Bb MPAYHOMDb CBBTb, TH H BCh Hall Ayame 1ODH, 
n novemy? IloroMy, 4TO TH yCTaIb OTb OasapHaro KpHkKa, # 
HOTOMY, TO OasapHHfi KpHKb Taltb HasoHIHBh WH OrsyMuTe- 





POKOBBIA CHIH. /149 


tenb. Orasauch—H TH YBHUHIIb, 4TO Takoe II[Benia. Hama 
Hayka, Halle HCKYCCTBO, Halla wuTepaTypa! Heymeuu Hapol's, 
cosqallmif BCe 8TO, BHpomAaeTca? HAH, Nowrw cTapyxa, KoTOpok 
He sHaeTb HHKTO, KpoMb TeOA H HBCKOUBKHX'D 3HAaKOMHXt,—A 
ropopw Te6$,—kaauycb, [lpenia, o KoTopoH TH MeUTab, cy- 
mectsyeTb. Ho TH 9TOrO He YMbeMIb BUST»! 

Iilexu ea ropbuu, u yObsaeHHOcTh, cb KOTOpOH OHA TOBO- 
pHa, OWIa TAaKb CHJIbHa, ITO CreHeprb He Bb CHIaXb OHIb 
UpOTHBOpbuvTs efi. Ona npH6aBaa: 

— JlonsHO JHIMb KOe-YTO CLYIBTECA, GTOOH TH H BC BH 
YBHAbIM TO, ITO BHR al! 

— A 0HO CHYHTCA?—CIpOCcHIb OH Cb COMHBHIeMD. 

— OTOrO HHKTO He 3HaeTh 3apaH be. 

Ockapb Crefineprb Momuanb. Iloromb ckasal: 

— OctTaeTca TOIbKO MeMaTh, ITOGH 9TO NpOHsOMNIO cKopse, 
He To 4—u MHOTie CO MHOW—CTAHEMDS CJIMINKOMDb CTapH JA 
TBOe# HoBott Llseniz. 

— d3Toro He 6yneTb. OcTaBb wir Mow BBpy! — BospasHa 
Topas 4 UpoTaHyla eMY pyky. 

Crettueprb Baanb ee. UW, epma Bb cBoet pyKB aTy upy- 
XHECKY, .TeHIYO PyKy, KOTOPyW OH Takb YacTO, Bb pasocru 
M N€valt, MOKHMAIb, OH BAPY'b CTANb MATOKb, Kak’ peve- 
HOKb. Tio YYBCTBO, KOTOPOe MBINAIO EMY FOBOPHTL 0 ce6b, Ha- 
yao TaaTb. Ono elle BlabIO HM'b, OHS elle DNTAICA HacH- 
JIOBaTb CBOW BOI, ITOOH OHA He NOAMANAcb... 

— 3darTbMb MH POBOPHM®d 060 BCeM’ 9TOMb?—CKa3alb OH'b.— 
Kakaa MH'B DO0b38a, CCH TO, H& ITO TH Habellbes, Jame UpH- 
Herb? A Bab 6yHyY cToaATb BHB BCcero 9sTOro, Y MCHA Rb 
HBT CHJH, HY#HOK ANA TOYO, ITOOH COUNTHCh Cb APYrHM4. 

OH®D BHIYCTHIb OA PYKH HM OTBEPHYJIca. 

— Ax! a oToro He BHAepmRy Sombme! —BOCKIMKHYIb OH'b.— 
Te6h KamkeTcd, ITO A CHRY 3'bCb H pasroBapBan Cb TO6OH. 
Ho oto omnora. SI ganexb otcwna. [lepexb TBOMMH raasaMH 
O1HA JIHIIb OOoN0UKa, oTpakenie, cxeMa, MapioHeTKa. 31 Mory 
rOBOPHTb H AYMATb, HO eTO JMIMb UpuTBopcTRO. Korga A OfBHS, 
Al CTAHOBINCh O€3CHIbHHMb, Kak’b Tpyub. FI He pasha 

TBOHXDb HHTepecoBb—u4TO ME lO HAxb? BouHeHia, KOTOpHA A 
Ha TBOHXDS rulasax'h lepexHBabW, HMBNTS cOBepilleHHO HHO 
HCTOUHHKD, HemesH TH Dpesqnonaraemb Bee, yo 60 AA 
MCHA BeJIHKO — UPysba, OTeyecTBO, OYAYMHOCTL H cBOboza— 
CTAJIH Me€PTBHMH COBaMH, KOTOPHA 4 TOBOPN JHIIb MOTOMY, 
"GTO HXDb OTb MCHA TPeOYHTS Apyrie, MOTOMY TO TH, CaMa 
TOTO He 8Had, 2KeNaelb, TOON A TAKOBHMB Kazasica. IToow 
He CTHJHTBCA Te6a, A CIBAyYH 3a TOOOK, CAHIIY, Kakb MOH 
ycTa YTOBOPATb TBOH cO6cTBeHHHA MHC. Ho HHUTO Heb BCero 





150 r¥CTaBb a&b TeHhEPCTAMS. 


eTOrO yYRbHE THOraeTh MCHA, HHITO, RpOMB Moet co6cTBeHHoh 
HeECuUacTHOK MM3HH, KoTOpad WepecTasa yR'b OHTb KABHbN. 

Ockapb CrefifepTL OnycTHJIca Ha CTOABU nepeqb HAMD 
CTYJI'b, H TOUOBa ero yaa Ha ero MATKIA, CHIBHHA PYKH. 

Topa Jibwoarp no6rbonbaa. Crpaganie, koTopoe ona Tellepb 
BHUbIa Weper'b co6oH, 6H10 H38b ThXb, Kb KOTOPH Mh OHA NOITH 
He OCMBJIHBaIACh NOA0KTH. 

— Uro xe sto? —cka3zana ona.—He Momellb TH CKAsaTb MHB? 

CrefifepTh cnabIb HenOABHRHO. THxif, 6esMOIBHHA, OHD 
He MBHATb cBoeH N1038H, CIOBHO CNarb. 

Bea 3aTaeHHasl MATePHACKaA TemoTa 9STOH CHbHOH aeH- 
HHH, KOTOpad 61a oCcy#xeHa Ha OJHHOUeCTBO Bb TY DOpy, 
Korga BCb cTpeM1eHif SReCHIIHHH OCTHTawTh HaH6oubuieh 
CHIH, NpocHyzach Bb Toph nepeyb NHWOMb 9sTOro cTpazadis, 
0 DPHIHH'S KOTOparo OA AOTaAHBalach, He 3HaA pasM'bpoBs ero. 
Tuxo chia ona soarb Hero. He roBops HH CJIOBa, OHA NOI0- 
ANB CBOW pyKy Ha U.eqo Crefigepta. Bosch, oqHako, DoMBb- 
ath CMY, OH& NOTOMS xXOThIAa CHATH ee. SalpoRap’b, TOUHO OTD 
HCHYra, OH'b B3ANb CA PYKY HW CHa. 

Topa Jibwxlb corbiea HenogBAmRAO. I'naza ex PacNIHpHIHCh, 
CHOBHO OHA XOTBIa OPOHHMKHYTb Bb Mpakb, 3TO6Ob HAATH Jo- 
pory Kb 3Toh ctpamazymeh aAymb. Ona kasatacb MAaTepbD. 
cTpaqawmeH O0mb) cBoero peOeHka Hw He OcCMhIHBaDnefics 
UpOCHTb ero AOBBpuTEcaA eft. 

Ona cuba Bb O€3MOJIBHOMD OMMDAHI“, H, HAKOHEI'D, CuycrTa 
JOBONbHO MpoOOURNTeIbHOe BPeMA OH NOHATb ee. Bb oBsa- 
WSBOIeMh HMDb PIYXOMd cTpagavih MOHAN OH'b, ITO TOUReHD 
Tellepb TOBOPHTb+-OJKeHb paiH ce6a H pada Hea, KoTopas 
Bb 8TOTh wach, 6orbe YhMb Korga-1H60 Opemse, crana ero 
Upyromb. OTPHBOWHO pasckaszall’b OHD eH 0 cBOeh MRHSHH H 
RH3HH RMeCHH, IPHSHaJcA, ITO 0 CHXb DOpb OH IHMb Ha 
I0.1OBHHY OTKpOBeHeHd, H36bralh YTOBOPHTb, CKPHBab; pas- 
CKasarb, Kakb OHb pasoTanb TOKO AIA TOrO, YTOSH CUACTHCL; 
Kak'b OHS BeCh ONYTAaHb, H KaKb OTUAAHHO ero NoNORmednie. 

— S AyMasrb, ITO cMOry, No Kpatuehi mbps, cnacta wb- 
TeH,—KOHUHI'b OHD.—-Tetleph OHA ymRe Bce sHawTs. CuopaurH- 
BaTb HXb # He Mory. Jia oH He HymHO 9To. Bbab A BHan. Ha- 
mpacHo Bce, UTO A Wbaanrb. BesnonesHwHMH, Oesi{bIbHHMH OxXa- 
BaHCi CTpazania BCbxb 9sTHXb Whrb. [JoHHMaemb — BCe STO 
mo nepioguyecra... Uto y Head BOO6Me cyMecTByeTh 9TOTH 
OoIbHOH ITYHKTb, 0 KOTOPOMb A Te6B YToBopHI'h, A 3aM BT 
BUepBHe JMMb HBCKOIBKO WBTb TOMY Hadaqb nocrb wApay- 
SHOW. TH NOMHUIb, mena MOA OHA Tora 6ombHa? 

— Jia, 3Han. 

— SH ckasarb, uTO ona OonbHa. Torga 9To 6nIb DepBEA 
pas... 


@ 





POKOBBIA CHABI. 151 


CrefiepTb 38M0.14aJ'b Cb HeBNPasHMO CTPalaIbieCKAMDd 
BHpaseHiemb Ha Hub. Ho kakb OYATO CHOBa AOCTABIIAIH EMy 
o6meryenie, OyYATO KacaTbCA CaMaro RYTKArO ABIANOCh WA 
Hero yYTbOIeHieMh, OHD HPOMOMKAaNb OMRMBIATL 9TO MYTKOE 
COBaMH, BOSMOHO Oorbe CHJIbHHMH. - 

— Bbpp mab, Topa, a cybianb Bce: HURTO He 3HaeTb, ITO 
MHS DPHOIWOCh HpoybaTh, ropasqo Oombme TOrO, ITO MOTJIO 
Boobie AOHTH AO Te6s, OombMe TOTO, UTO A MOry TeOB cKasarTb. 
Bombule ame TUro, YTO 4 caMB MOry noMHuTD. [IpunanKu 
Bce ycHuHBabtcaA. IbiHMH WacaMH NPOCHRHBAID AY eA Kpo- 
BaTH H TOBOPHIb, IT06_ ycnokouTs ee. [bana nod a Oorp- 
CTBOBaIb, ITOOH NOMbMAaTh eH MOKOHIHTh Cb codoh HH CO- 
BepIIMTh OJBA'b H8b THX O6€38YHCIeCHHHX'b MOCTYNKOBS, KOTO- 
phe Morin OW e€€ CKOMUPOMeTHPOBAaTh epeab ~Apyrumu. Ha 
PpyKaxb CBOHXb OTHECh A ee OTb OKHA, Bb KOTOPOe OHA XO- 
Thua O6pocutscs. A cpeaw HOUH OOpolcA cb Heli, ITOOH He 
Hath eH yObmatn, Korb BbcTb, 3auhMb H Kya. Bee Bpema 
ef cTpagaHia Owau ymacHH. I[puHToMb IW60Bh eA Kb HAM 
OHIa Bb 9TO BpeMA CHIIbHbe, TSMb BR DHH 370poBha. -—H 
3HaecIIb, OT Yero ona OONbINe BCero cTpanaerb? OTs Toro, 
ITO OH&® AIA MCHA H JNA ahreh He MOReTH OHTA ThMD, ThMDb 
OHa xoTrba OW OHTb. A MemLyY THM’, HH OLHHD YeNOBBKD He 
OHJb WIA MeHA H AIA Ubtreh ThMb, DBMS Oba OHA. HKaasa- 
JOCh, KOTrZa OHA BHBAOPaBIMBAIa, CHa H HBKHOCTH eA YIBAaH- 
Bawsmmcb. UacTo HanoNHATa OH& Halllb JOM TAKMM’S CUACTbeM, 
KoToOpoe s3acTaBIAIO MeCHA BCe, BCe NMOsadHTh A BCeAIO Bb 
MCHSI HAaHBHYW BBpy, 6yATo Tellepb BCe Upoml0, Kak®b KOUI- 
Map’b, KOTOPHH HHKOrAa He NOBTOpPHTCA! 

CaMmoe crpamaoe To, UTO OHa BCerza, BANHMO, UpeqayBCTBy- 
eTb, Korga y Hea wayHHaeTca OombsHb. Bb KOHnB KOHNOBD 
3TO, BBpHO, BOONHB ectecTBeaHo. Ilo Bce BbpoatTHocTH, 9To 
Bcerya Takb OHBaeTb... Bb NOA06OHHXD Cyyaaxb. Ho oTo omn- 

awie... 9T0 3HaHie sapanbe... BOTb, BOT MPHXOAUTb ONATH... 
yCHJImBaeTca... H ycounuBaetca... Ha KONBAAXD Jlemaa ona 
OTHaskIH Tepeqo MHOW H YMOATa MeHA:—,UTOOW HA cy aH- 
JOCb, Kako OH A HM CTalla, He OTCHUah MeHA OTS Ce6a, He 
oTzaBal MeHA 4yRuMb WOZAMD!“ Uto a Morb AbatTh? A upy- 
HYX CHD OND O6bmatTb eh oTo. HW A 3HaW, Hapyllb A CBOE 
ooObuianie, A OH HHKOrYa He NpocTuNb ce6b sroro. 

Topa JIboHrb HakOHAeTCA BHepeyb WU TOBOPUTS: 

— Takb MMeCHHO STO TH H TYMaellb CbaTb Tenepb? 

— He snap... 


OTB‘ETb 3BYIIb, TOUHO KPHKS yaraca. 
— Pasb who wneTb O ASTAXD, A DOMRMEHD BTO cr'baaty! 


IIpoOxoAuTp yacb 3a wacom. JiBa yweNOBbKa CHATS Apyrp 
ioaurB Upyra Bb TuxoH KOMHaTb, He 3aMbuad, Kakb BpeMA 





152 rYCTABD a@b TEMEPCTAM. 


yxouuTp. OHH yRD OoNbIe He YTOBOPATS. OTI'BIbHHA COBA, 
RKOpOTKiA PpasH CleTaWTbh Ch YCTb STUXb WOAeH, CTaBMIMXb 
Apy’b APYTyY TaKb CTpaHHO ONHSKHMHA Cb THX Opt, Kak’b OH 
BCe 3HAWTh APYIb O Apyrs. 

Korga Ockapb Crelineprb NOJHHMaeTCS, HAKOHEIb, ITOOH 
ytu, Topa Jbparh OepeTb ero pyky H FoBOpHTs: 

— Kenn a Te6b HysHa 6ynty, aah mab sHaTb, 3 O6bmaD 
pitty. 

— Cnacu60!—roBopuTs ont. [loromb BHxXOAHTD. 

Bsusy Ha YIHUS OD DyMaeTh elle 0 CMHCIB S9THXE COBDS, 
KOTOPHA OHD OTb YcTauOcTH He NOHHIb. BoKpyrb Hero BeCceE- 
Hift cHBrbh DafacTh OOJbIIHMH ’ MOKPHMH XJIONLAMH, KOTOpHE 
TAaWTb Ha MOCTOBOH. 


VIL. 


Matickoe coaHue CBBTHIO Ha XOUMAXb OmBArO UpewMberss, 
rb saseteHbiH ymRe KYCTH CHPeCHH HM epeBbA; cBepkaso Ha 
KpHMaxb TeCMBHXb poOMal'b AOMOBb, CKYUYHBIIHXCA Mey 
MOCTAMH; OTPaHaloch Bb BOUHAXd BOAH, TAHYBIeCHCA BON 
HadepexHOH H MleckaBiefica y 6opToBh roroBHX’ Kb A BTHHMD 
IYTeMecTBiIaMb WaPOXOA0Bb; CKOMIb3HJI0, HAKOHEL'b, 10 BORO- 
BOPOTaM’b 108alW KHIA Dapoxoya, OTUPaBIABMarocaA Bb DIXepH, 
KOTOPHH, BHIOycKad RIYOH bMa, OCTaBIAIb 3a co6oh ropors 
HM BHXOAHIb Bb UWIHPOKyYWH ab BOTH. 

Buao BockpecHoe ytTpo. [pynnW MYy#u4HHb H *KeHIIHAD 
CTOAIH Ha Daly6b Hu cCMOTphIH Ha MeJIbKaBMie MHMO 
HHXb Gepera, KOTOPHe Yb NOKPHBAIHCh BeCceHHeENW 3e- 
geHbyw. Ha BceMb CyOHb WapHuiw BOCcKpecHoe HactTpoeHie H Je- 
peBeHcKaa BecelocTb. Bcb Th 2H, KoTOpHe elle BIepa TOpo- 
IWIMBO HM CepbesHO npoobranm Ha YRS OAH MHMO Apyroro, 
CMOTpPban Telepb coBepmieHHO Apyrumu. Inasa ropbuu, yera 
6olTalH BecetnH Bazopb. Hesnakomne oOOMBHHBaHCh OH-- 
BIICHHHMH BSridyqaMH, BeCeXHMH OKPHKaMH, J6e3HHMH CiO- 
BaMu. MysRYHHH HW ROHAN, UPHONMMaAch APyrb Kb APYTy, 
HMBIM COBCBMb ApyTia WHWa, YIHOalHCh, 3aTBMb OTXOABIE 
Apyrbh OTh APyra H MOWVANHBO Haclamlaluch BHAOMb 6yxtTs, 
TAHYBIUMXCA epeawb HHMH HM DVUCTOAHHO MBHABIIHXCH, BOH, 
CTAHOBHBIMelica Bce NpospayHbe, COBHXS I'COBD, TEMA BBOIAXE | 
Hab BORO, H WaeKb, KOTOPHA, Kpymach, CIBJOBaIH 3a CyA- 
HOM'’b, HHDPAJIM H ODATh BaeTalH, OBA XJTBOHHA KDPODIJKH, 
OpocaeMHA NOABHSKHHMH J’STCKHMM pydkaMy Bb UBABBITYCA 
8& KH€Mb BODY. : 

Ha KanvrancKoMb MOCTHKS cTrosub Oke Ilenbm. [Ipenona- 
BaTeIb OMTb CeroqHA COBCBMb JPYTHMb YeNOBbKOM'S. Wexnc- 





POKOBHIA CHAbL. 183 


BRL UHCTArO BOSLyXa, TATA WONeH, BaABIIee Bb HEM BEPXP, 
Kora OHb BIWOHICA Bb Ppy Jluse—HaTypy, CoBepMeHHO 4yx- 
Ly) ero cO6cTBEHHOM—ONATD IpPOCHYJIOCh Bb HOM H BHTBCHAIO 
yuuteia. Bb cBpoeH Mankh cb IPAMHMDb KOSHPbKOMD H CIOPT- 
CMeHCKOH KYPTKS Cb POrOBHMH MYFOBANaMH OND BHTIATBIb 
HaCTOAILHMD KalluTanoms. Ob OWS Bb TOM CBoeobpasHo TOp- 
SRCCTBCHHOMD H CYACTIMBOM'D HACTPOeHIH, KOTOPOe BCerAa OXBa- 
THBAIO CFO, KOra OH BECHOW Bb LepBHH pash BHbSKaI Bb 
CBOH MaNeHbRii OMAK, Bb KOTOPOM) BMBCTS cb ReHO Mpo- 
BOAHIb Kamqoe WKTOCh THX NOpb Kakb RCHWICA. ATOT Kpa- 
CHBHM JOMHKS, Cb OBIHIMH OKHAMH H ABepbMH OHS DA Hero 
TBM UpinTOMb, KOTOparoO OHD He HaXOAUTh Bb roporb. Bp 
ero KPOBH Ha NOTpe6HOCTh Bb NWOCTOAHHOMD XHJIbS, H eMy 
COBepMleHHO HeIOHATHO OHIO, KaKb MOXHO HMCHHO IBTOMD, 
KOrya IpHposa Takb HREHA MH BIeWeTh BCE RAABOC Bb cBoe 
JIOHO, KAKb MORHO Bb 9TO BPEMA CKHTATLCA H MBHATH CBOE 
mbcToupe6nBanie. ,HyxHO HM'BTb TOMB“, TOBOPHIb OD OH- 
Bas0: ,IOCTOAHHHM HYHRTS Ha 3emMIrb, Kyqa BCerga BosBpa- 
IaeuibcA,— OM, & He KBapTupy“. 

H, o620KoTUBMMCh Ha NepHia KalldTaHCKaro MOCTHKA, OH 
CMOTPBIb H&A BHA, WAaMATHHe eMy Cb WHOCTH, H Bb HEM 
IIpOCHYIMCh cTapHA BocTOMHHaHIA. Korga emy uw py Jluse 
IPHMI0ch Bb NepBHH pasb HCKaTb JauH, Ob OTUPAaBHJIcA 
OTHARIH Ha TOMb me napoxoyb, KOTOPHH uM Telepb coBep- 
ash cBoh OOHYHHH UYTh Memyy UxepaMH, H cTalb Ha- 
yuauy HCKaTb MBCTa, Kya OH MOIb OH CKPHITHCA CO CTOJIb He- 
O7KHIAHHO BHIIABUIHMD Ha ero AON cyacTbemMb. Korda cyqHO 
WocTurio KybMa, Of comerb Ha cymy. Bb KapMaH'b y Hero 
OHITh Ob CIHHCOKB aypecosb. Ho efBa 3aBHAbBS NepBHii 
JLOMHRS, HOCHBINM HasBaHle ,xyTopa“, OHb BAPyrd pBIAID, 
“GTO HHYero Tyullaro ONS He HatyeTb. Bce BpeMA DyMaa oO 
JIuse, OHS AONTO XONHID BOKPYb STOTO OMHKA HM NOAPOOHO 
OCMOTPBIb BCe, Ipexte ThME pburwca BOHTH Bb Hero, ITOOD 
CIFPOCHTh 0 WBHB H ApPyruxb ycnoBiaxb. EMy kaszaocb, uTo 
OTOTH MAICHbKIM AOMHRD cb Bepanoh Ha. MOpe H Cb Oepe- 
3aMH Bb cay eCTb HM€HHO TO MBCTO, 0 KOTOPOMb OD 
Bcerga Mewrarb. Jopora Kb 6yxTb Oya ThHUCTAa A yaka, a 
ceHhqach 3&8 CayMKOMb HaUHHaJIcCA eOBHH heb. ,CBBrS 4 
TeMHOTa WonepeMBHHO, COBePINeHHO Takb, Kakb Bb RASH“, 
AYMANIb OH. BoweqMn Re Bb KOMHATH Cb eNOBOH MeG6eIbN, 
HHM3EKHMH DOTOUKaMH H OBINMH TapqHHaMv, OH TOTIACh we 
HOUYECTBOBAIE ce6a, KaKB TOMa. OHS CHAND ,XYTOPb“, H Bb 
HepBHH pasb lepebxarb Ty1a Bb cpenHHS wbTa BewepoM', 
KOrAa COYCKAOCL COMHTe, CBHCTBIH 3H60MKH H TPOMKO KYKO- 
Basia KYKyllka Bb wWhcy. OD BBeTb Jluse Bb HOBHH DOM'’b A 
CIIPOCHIb ee, Kakb ei KaweTCA: OyWeTh WU OHA CeOA FYBCTBO- 


154 os TYCTABh A®b TEBREPCTAM?. 


BaTb abcb xopomo? HM Jiluse, koropas no ronocy Myza yB- 
CTBOBaIa, ITO OHS CIACTIHBS, 3alHNach CilesaMM PANOCTH. GTO 
IBTO IpOTeKIO TAKS Me THXO H CHOKOHHO, Kakb HM BCA CFO RHSHb. 

Cb ThXb NOpb XyTOpb octaBalca 3a HHMH. Kasmpoe abro 
BOSBpalMlasIHCh OHH Bb UPHBSBTIHBHA JOMUKb Hadb GOepesamn. 
OTO WHTO OHNO yRe ONHHBALMATOe. Yuntemlo cralo rpycTHo 
Ha Ayurb, Korga OHb DOLYMaNb 0Ob TOM’b. Bee, 3TO 30 6cb 
OHIO ABHJIOCh MaJiO-N0O-Maly. EMy kazajlocb, 4TO OHb Ayame 
BCero MOI‘h OH pasCKasaTb BCE TO, ITO UPOHSOMNO 3a 8TH OAH, 
eCH Ob OHb NPHUOMHHID BC 9TH IbTa UW BCe, ITO MeEDMeHHO 
HW NOCTeHeHHO H8MbHANOCh KpyroM’s, OaroyqapaA eMy H ero sKeEB. 
OH®b TONb80BaICA CBOHMH KaHHKYaMH, KAKb HCTHHA yIHTeDb, 
HM TO, YBMb OHD Babb Ha cBOeh Zarb, 6HN0 eMy ropasno 
opome, WhMb BCA ero Yropoyckan KBapTupa. H, qyMaa o6b 
STOMD, OH pazoBalica. BoTh PHOAUKIA GeHb, XOpoMo coxpa- 
HHBIMICA DOAb KyyeH xBOpocTy. YNOUKH BHCATb Ha CBOHXb 
KpWuKaxb Bb CTOPORKS, ya Wa yrpeH xXpaHHTcA Bb AUTHKS 
NOX KpHieH. boukH HW BeApa, CaqOBHe CTYJIbaA H raMakH, HO- 
BHM Wapychb ANA pasb HaBcerya HAHATArO Yejlwa,—BCe 9TO Ha 
CBOeMB M'BCTS, COXpansetca OTb OfHOrO hts, AO Upyroro u 
HLeTh ero BOsBpalleHia. CamoK nocnubageh HOBHHKOM Ola 
CTCKIAHHAA Bepahya, KOTOPyH OHb NOCTpoush, pbIIHBb, ATO 
MO#ReTh NOSBOIHTb ce6b TY POCKONIb, O KOTOPOH OHH Cb REHOK 
MeuTaIH MHOrie Ton. ,c1 BepaHAOBIaybleys*, WYTHIb OD, 
OHBaI0: ,OMOBIANBILIeMb we He OyTy HuKora’. 

IipoTHBb OOHKHOBeHIA CeTOAHA HA KallHTAaHCKOMb MOCTHES 
CTOAIM JHmb leibMb H PonbKe. Korga WHByUIKa YTPOMb UpH- 
ma HXd 6OynuTb, mpy Jiuse uyBcTBOBana ceOA He COBCBMB 
XOpOml0, TO BHAWAN YYTb He pascTpoHAo pagocTHoe HacTpoe- 
Hie lenbMa Ha OBIHH DeHb. Hallb y4InTeIb OHI HBCKOJIbKO 
CeHTHMeHTasIeHb. EmMy xoTbiocb, YTOOH UpasHHKh, KOTOPHA 
TAaKb KpacHBO PHCOBAJICA Bb ero BOOOpameHin, Ipomenb Gead 
BeoaKaro Aucconanca. Ho pagu APYrhxd OHD DOMABANTS cBoe 
O6esnoKolcTBo, Hagbacb, aTO Korga py Jluse oTaoxwerTb Bb 
cBoeH KkawTb, couHewHoe cinnie Kb HHMb BepHeTCA. BTOTS TeHb 
OHJIb CeMeHHHMS UpasqHHKOMb, MOUTH TAKHMD He BARANMD, 
Kak'b PompecTB0 HIM Jeb powleHia. OcMaTpHBaTb Aaxy Onno 
COBCPHICHHO HBJIHINIHe: OHA OHA Bb NONHOMS Nopaarhb, wu Be- 
cTepOeprb OH.Tb HaJeRHHMb pPyroMhb, Ha KOTOpAaro, pas 3a- 
PYUHBIIHCh eFO pacnOwlomepieMb, MORHO OHIO BHONHS m10-10- 
RUTECA. Ec 68 ame HUKTO He Upibxanh, cayqb OTB On 
OCMOTPBHDb, WapycHad JOAKa A JOMDb OHI OH KD FATY NOUH- 
IeHH WH UpHsezeHH Bb Topanor’b. Ho Bb cocTaBh UporpaMMn 
BXOQHJIO H'BCKONbKO BOCKPeCHHX YacoBh Ha Tab: opexcToano, 
Kakb OH Bb TpeABKYWeHIn IJbTa, Nocuy'bTb CHOKOHHO Ha 
Gepery, WoOvayMlaTL CBACTOKL Tapoxoya MW He MpHraTb Opi 





POROBHIA CHIBI. 155 


STOMb BHH3Sb, UYTOOH NOMBATD Harb. Bb cembh aTo Bockpe- 
CeHbe HasHBaloch BcTpbueh BecHH, H Oke lenbMb DopoxRab 
UMb DOUTH OobUle, ThM'b PorbKe, KOTOPHH CTOAI BOBS oTna 
Ha KalHTAaHCKOMb MOCTHEK'B, OCMATPHBad BCe KPyroMb u yaAb- 
Jaf CBO€ BHHMAaBie, TO Me€AbKaBIHM’b Oeperam’b, TO pyJeBOMy, 
OAHOO6pasHo BpaulABUIeMy OoNbMIOe KQUeCO. 

He ABHrasch Cb MbCTa, YUHTeIb CTOAID DOrpyReHHwH Rb 
CBOH M€UTH HM, HHYYTb He OTPHBaACh OTb HHX'b, OTBBYAIb Ha 
BOUpOCH H BOCKIMMaHia DoubKe. BB AyuIB ero roBopHasH BOC- 
NOMHAaHiA, WOH pawoBadics, YTO BCB MbcTa, MHMO KOTOPHX’b 
OHH Npo'baxkadH, OHH CMY CMY CTOJb 3HAKOMH. Kakb BCe ATO 
6H0 KpacHBO BB BeceHHee yTpo! Hakb OoraTo, Kakb OJIHO! 
»H Bce Rb, DyManb leubMb, A OTHMb YRS HE TAKS Wacza- 
#WTAWCh, KAKb UpemAe. horga a emle OHIb MONON, A BOcCNpH- 
HHMaIb Bce, ITO BHEIIb, ropasqo; ray6me. Moa cnoco6noctp 
BC€ BUUTHBAaTb BE CeOaA Oba Tropasqo HATeHCHBH Ee. H nonpocry 
OHI MONORe. BB aTomb Bce. Craphemp. 3 ye nepexnns 
ayuuee, ITO TapHTb wmu3Hb. Bb MOM TOOTH HadHHaellb Heaa- 
MBTHO OTXOJUTb Bb CTOpOHY — Ha DOKOK“. Ho, croBHO ata 
MHICIb CcOwepmata Bb ceOB HeCIPABeAIHBOCTS M0 OTHOIIEHII0 
Kb JJOPOrHMb CMY JNOAMB HH HeONarowapHOcTh 0 OTHOIIe- 
H1IO Kb TOMY, UTO TapoBasla CMY MUSHb, OHS NOCIbBMUNDS OTO- 
rHaTb ee. ,Jlyamee, wero A TpeOoBalb OTb RH3HH, OHA MES 
Bce-%Ke Fata. He TAK, KAKT. A MeMaTb, HO, OHTH MoMETh, WaxKe 
ayame. Si He onnHOKD. Bpema, KoTOpoe AIA MeHA CTaO OH, 
MOSKETH ONTb, CIHIIKOMD TARCIHM'DS, MHS NOMOrala BeCTH OHA“. 
Ero MHCIM Cb TelmOoTOH MepeHecnvch Ha ero *Reny, H, Kakb 
Bcerga, KOryqa OHb AYMA@Ib O Heit, erO OXBAaTHIO Kakoe-TO He- 
oupexbreHHoe YYBCTBO BHHOBHOCTH. 

- OH DOBeTb Poke Bb CTOIOBYW H, KOe-Kakb TpPobpaBuiuch 
Kb CTONY CpeH TONMH B8aBTpakaBlUHXb, UOLarb eMy MeHI, 
QTOOb OH caMb BHOparb ce6b 61078. Dobe G6HJIb Bb BO- 
CTOPReHHOMb HacTpoeHia. OB OonTarh uw cMbaAcA ead 
TlepepHBa, He TPOMKO, HWOTOMY TO KPyroMb ONO CTOJBKO 
UYRMUXD WOReH; HO 3aTo YbMb cepyeqnbe: oTeub OWNIb BLIb 
CeroqHA Bb ,CeIbCKOMb“ HacTpoeHin! JIpeccnposka, KoTopoi 
OHb Takb WacTO MYWHIb MabaHKa, yleTyywach cama cooot. 
EiciH MAJIbIAKb DBIaIb KakyN - HHOyYAb TIyMoctTh, oTen’b UpH- 
TBOPSANICA, ITO He saMbuaeTb. HV 9TO YYBCTBO CBOOOAH AuCTa- 
BuIAJIO PowwKe HeBHpasHMoe cyacTbe. [lana On Beces, 
{IIOTOMY TO one OHJb BeCeIb. VOTO OHNO TAKS XOpOMo0, NOTOMY 
Gro cuyyanocs pbaKo. Hukorga OHM He FYBCTBOBAaJIH CeOA TAaKb 
CBOOOIHO, Kakb TOrga, KOrwa OHH OHBAIM OJHH Bb 3TH CBSET- 
Jrnie BeceHHie ZH. DoubKe 3HaIb 9TO UpeKpacHo. Omu6asca 
AHINb lenbMb: OHS OHS BNONHS yOBRDeCHD Bb TOMB, ITO OHD 


156 TYCTABh a®b TRERPCTAMS. 


WIA CBOero CHHa AbiaeTh Bce BOSMOKHOe, H ITO y PowHKe 

HBYb HHUeEFO TakoTO, UTO MONO OH OMPATAaTb efO 2RHBHb: 
flocnB saprpaka OB ONATh BHIMeIb Ha Hany6y A ob6pano- 

BaJICH TOMY, UTO OHH ye Cpezu Dixepb, raxb Aepesba Gosrbe 

TOIH, H BO3Lyxb Oorbe cBBRb U UpoXaneHs. 

 Jianexo to o6baMb CTOPOHaMD Mapoxola MpocTnpatach BoOA7Aa, 

BHCOKO Bb BOSAYXB KpHaan WKH. 

YUWHTeIb Tah Poibke NONHYH CBOOOLY HACIA lathes, KaKd 
emMy BazyMaetca. Camb ace ChIrb Ha CPeqHNW CcKaMeHKY DODTb 
HaBBCOMD H 8akypHID curapy. MegueHHo H OCTOpORHO ZOKRy- 
PuBad ee, OHS 3adaBAICcA ThMb, ITO Had Aah OKPyYRABUIAXS 
apfeH, H PasOBalica, ITO H OHH, DOX0OHO eMy, HMBWTb BO3- 
MOSHOCTE yObRaTS H8b TOpONa, GOON OTAOXHYTA OTb KYJIb- 
TYpHOH xHaHH. BHKYpHBD cHrapy, OHb NOCMOTPhIb H8 TACH 
H Hallerb, aro Hopa. Becenwi, CNOBHO Bb ORAAaHIH HOBArO 
YAOBONBCTBIA, OH COYCTHICA BHH3b, BOMCIb Bb OABY H3b 
RaNTb H MOWIA CTaIb CMOTPBTb Ha KeHY, KOTOPAA Cilata 4 He 
CHMAala, Kakb OHS BxouMIb. Korga onb pas6yAaTb ee, Ona 
NOYTH HeApyReIWOHO cKasasa: 

— datTbMb TH pas6yoHib MeHA? 3 chana Takb Kpbuko. 

Ho yWHTeIb STHMD HE CMYTHIJICA. 

— Te6b me Hy#HO MOBABTPARATS!—BOSpAasATh OH'b CHOROH- 
HO:—& TO NOTOMDS NOsqHO Oyzers. 

@Mpy Jluse Oma Aaneko He Bb TOMS HACTpOeHi, ITO MYRb 
ea. OTroro 4TO ee pas6yqHIH, ToNoBa y HeA OHA TARe as; 
KpoMs Toro, ee paspamano, ITO BB YFOLyY Mymy eH IpHILTOch 
Wpeox0bTh cBoe Hepacnonomenie Kb sTOH nobsnKb. Ho Ore 
IeIbMb He JaBasb pascTponTh ceé6s. Ond DORORTATb, WoKa 
HeHa OLA TOTOBAa, MOBEIb CC Bb CTONOBYN, 3aKasas’b 8ABTPakb 
M payOBasiCa 6A ANMeTHTY, Kakb payoBalich BCeMY TOMY, ‘ITO 
Honayanoch eMy Ha ruiasa. CHOKOHHHM)b, THXHMb TOJOCOMS 
pasCKkasHBalb OHD eH, KaKb UpekpaceHb CerogxuAlini Wewb, 
KaKb eFO MHCIH BOSBPallalHch Kb Xd Nepsol nobsrAKb, Kakb 
kaxkad crboyomad nobsazka Kasallach eMy BCe upekpacnHbe 
w Ooraye. Kasay pasb upH6aBAsicA HOBHH rol’b, Toy’b, Takb 
CYaCTIHBO UPOMATHH ApPyI'b Ch APyromM. 

@py Jlwse. Mauo-00-Masly cMardaach. Ona yRb 3a6na, 
GTO Mey HHMH DpOObxana YepHad KOMIKa, H yepesb cTOrb 
noyqaia MyRY PyKy, KOTOpyh TOTh cepyzeiHo Domarb. Bb Hews 
IPH 9TOMB MPOMeILKHYJIO TakOe TYBCTBO, OyATO Ob DOObARIS 
ex CONpPOTHBIeHIe. 

Korga OHH BHIDIH Ha Geperh, OHS CRABAD: 

-— Cmorpute, ybru, Bectep6eprh moana piary! 

Omm copa Oxe lenbMb DOBTOPATh Kamin pasb Be 
eTH yecaTb abTb. HW Becrep6eprs, koToppHa 3hatb CBOHX 
*KHIDUOBS, HAKOrAa He UPONycKasb Clyyad ThMb HIM APYTuMy 


‘ 





POKOBBIA UAH. 157 


CHOCO6OMb BHKasaTb HMb CBOe pacoolomenie. OHH s8aHOBO 
OKpacHJIH e@MY JOMb, pasBeJM Cay'b, OOpadotanH aa 9Toro 
HOBYW NlOJOCY 8eMJIH, NOCTPOMJIM CMY CTCKIAHHYO BepaHty. OND 
NOsTOMY JWOHIb CBOHXb RUIBNOBh HW KaseIHH pasb npHuH- 
Mab HX, CHOBHO KpacHoe COUBHINKO. 

Tellepb Ob CTOSN'b Y UPHCTAaHH H IPHBBTCTBOBAIb HX. 
O6pbrpennoe, sarophbuoe Oopoyzaroe Imo ero yaHOaloch Lol 
ryCTHMH CB NpocbaAbw BO0CaMH. 

— Tab xe Balla crapyxa? — capocui> yuTenn, moaqopo- 
BaBIACh.—Ouna BAB He OOUbHAa? | 

Becrep6eprh KallianyIb, OpOCHIb BaruAb Ha Wapoxor?, 
KOTOPHH Cb ULYMOMb H COMBHICMb TOUbKO YTO OTOMEIb OTD 
WpHcTaHW, HW OTB BTL: 

— Qna BecHoH nomepua. 

VUHTeCIb BeCb 3&BOJHOBaICA. 

— VW sBH HaM®b 065 STOMD He DHCcalH? 

— Hbrs, — oTsbrurb crapukb. — Bbob aTO HHGeErO He 
Hembawn0 On. H a AyMalb, GTO emle ycrbw caMb pascka- 
BaTb BaM’b. 

Moda DOAUHMalaCch Ma&JIOUMCNeCHHad KOMUAHIA 10 Aopomrb 
Kb Jomury. Becrep6eprb pasckasHBanb 0 6orbsHH CBOeH ReHH, 
KaKb AONTO OHA DpPOMOIKalach, H Kakad Ona OIA TAReIAaN. 

— 3a BpaweMb BH He NocHNaIA?—cnupocuaa py Jive. 

— Mu o6b oTomb aymMann. Ho Mos crapyxa Bce roBopzua, 
"TO ZyaMe ooAomMaTh. UV BoTb O2HARIN, BOBBPAMlAAch WoMmon, 
A 3aMBIuub, ITO A3b TPY6H He NOAHHMAeTCA. TMA. SI NOHAI, 
"TO 4TO-HHOyYOb CUYIHIOCh, WH Womerb Tume. A, Korga A BO- 
Mec Bb KOMHATY, OHA Jemaa Bb KPOBATH MePTBAd. 

Mombke Web MONA PAIOMS Cb OTHOMD. Iipw aTHx cuo- 
Bax’ CTapHKa OHS CXBaTHJIb PYKy OTMa HW OIAPOKO packpHTHMH 
TIAsaMH NOCMOTPhIb Ha MaJIeHbRiK JOMHRS, rab sTO NpoHso- 
mmo. Korga Becrep6eprh, He melaA ZolbMe MBMAaTS rocno- 
jaMb, M0metb Kb ceOb, M&IbIBKb OOpaTHIcA Kb OTUY co 
CJIOBaMH: 

— Tlonymaa#! Ona yMepna coBcBM> dazHa! 

O6b 9TOMb OH'b, BEPHO, AYM&Ib BCe BpeMaA. 

@Mpy Jluse nogsoMIa Kb MAIbYMKY H DOWbIOBaNAa ero Bb 
mleKy, YTO Clywal0ch DBIAKO.* 

' YuaHTeIb MOUYBCTBOBaIb ceOA CUACTAHHBHMD, Kakb BCer sa, 
Kora ero meHa Jackalta Poke. 

— CtTapuku O6HKHOBCHHO YMHPAWTh MWerkKO,—CKAasatb Ou'b. 

Onx o6omlmu cBOW Zaxty, yOBAHIMC, ITO MONOAWA WIOI0- 
BHA epepya Xopomio TepeHeciH 3HMY, TO H8b SCMIH MoKa- 
BaJIHCh yxke TiallHHTH HW DOACHBRABKH, H ITO MHBAA MBLOPOTb 
H3b CNOK'S BOKPYl'd casa WOApocia ch THXb NOpd, Kak OHH ee HE 
Buyanu. Boxpyr’s BepanIH NOTAHYJIca ye AMRIM BHHOrpals, 


158 rYCTABh a@b rRhsPcraW. 


M po30BH KYCTb MepeAb OKHOMD OCBOOOAHJICH OTb CBOero Ho- 
KpoBa H3b MXa H xBopocTa. I]oTOMB OHH CUYCTHIUCh Kb RY- 
NaibHaMb, rob Kayasach NapycHan JogKa. Bcb Tpoe BonLaH 
Bb Bee, YYHTCNb NOTHANb Dapyca, A OHM OTIaNHAH. On Depe- 
cbhkalH y3kii NpoMBb 0O pasHWMb Hanpapieniamb. Koraza 
OHb CTab WMpe, H Hatasach OTKPHTad OyxTa, JOAKa DOTA 
Cb BHCOKO BO8YBIIHMHCA Hapycamn. Kora oH, HakOHeIIt, 
NOBePHY IH HW HalpaBAHCh Kb Gepery, Pombke BaANb PYAb, a 
yauTelIb ycbica Bosh caoet meHH. 

OH®D OMIT CTad’b TOBOPHTb O TOM’, ITO CFO 88HHMAJIO Bce 
yTpo. OHb YToBOpHYb THXO, H mena OTBHuaIA eMy Takme 
THXO. DobKe Bech OHJb YBICVCHb THM, ITO Ha HETO BOBIO- 
RHAIH OTBATCTBCHHYHW PONb pyneBoro. PasroBopb O60ux>b cyupy- 
rOBb UMBIb DZOBBPYBBHA, TENAWA TOHS, kakb 6ecbaa 1pzef, 
KOTOPHe BAPYIb CTaIH OYeHL ONM3KH APYIb Kb APYTy H 3a- 
OHJIH, JTO BOOOME ITO-HHOYAb MORMCTH HAPYIUIHTb LapMOHin, 
CYWeECTBYNDLYH Bb JaHHHH MOMe€HTb Mey HUME. 

— Kakb JIerko CTaHOBHUTCA 30'BCb Bcel — CKasalb YIHTeIb 

— Jja,--oTBbtata ona.—Eciu 65 HaMb HHKOTa He HYsRHO 
OHIO HUTb Bb APyroMb mbers! 

— Vi 3uMon, koraa cHbrt H enh? 

Yunteb BecelO yCMBXHYJICSA. 

— Takb To 3a Oba? 

Byxta Mepuaja rory6ad oa’ CONHeEYHHMH JyyaMH. Ct. 
WYMOMDb yapANHCh BOUHH O OOPTH JOKE. 

Bapyrb py Jluse ckasasa Takb me, KAR Npemze DPomHKe 

— JloqyMati—yMepeTb coBCbhM®B oHOH. 

— TH roBOpHb 0 cTavyx'b? 

— la. A mu oTO JOURHH OHH YCNHMaTh Kakb past 
ceroiHa. 

— Yro TH xouellb ckasaTh? 

— CTpaHHoO Kak’b-TO FKTOMb BCe BPeMA AYMATb OTOMDB, 4TO 
3HMOW OH& TYTb YMepwJa OHA. 

YUHTelb YIHOHYICSH. 

— TH AyMaellb, ITO Ha 3eMIb ecTb elle Takoe MBCTO, rywh 
HHKTO H€ YMMPaJb?—CKasal'b OHS. 

— Hbrs. Ho @ 3Han, ITO sbcb, Bb yeqnHeHIA A BCe Bpema 
OYAY HYMAaTb OO6b S9TOMb. *° * 

— A pbb TOKO YTO TH BCe-TakH XOTbIa HTS Bbce OO! | 
CTOHHHO? Jlame 3HM0W, KOrMa KPYFOMb CHbId H Ted? 

YUHTeIb YIHOHYMca H'BCKOUbKO HpoHHyeckH. Ho, kakB Gy 
oMacadch, ITO OFrOPpYAIb eeHY, OHS NpOAOMMah: 

— OHaellib, HOYeMY TH TyMaelIb TeMepb O CMePTH? 

— Hébrs. 

— 065% oTOMb AZyMaenib OGHKHOBEHHO Toraa, KOrNa 6H- 
BaeIb CYaCTIHBE, 





PORUBHH cHabt. 159 


BuctpaMb aBuseHiemb py Jimae cHaya cb ce6a CBO) 
Kpyry OpomHylo Wliany 4, UIPHABHAYBIIHCh Kb MYyRY, IPH- 
Malach Kb HEMY H DOMORUIA TOMOBY Ha ero eyo. Ona cH- 
Abia TakKb MONGAa NO THXT Toph, ToKa OAKa MoBepHysa, A 
Monbke BCKOUHIS, UTOOH OarpoMb UpexyupeduTb yRapd oO 6e- 
perobhe KaMHH. HI cHaA Takb, oHa TyMaly 0 TOMB, NodeMy 
RH8Hb HE MOMCTD OHTE Bcergqa Takb Upocta U Tak’ Jiel'Ka 
Kakb Bb COUHCYHHH MahcKif AeHb, Korga BbTepb HuITpaeTs la- 
pycaMnH. 

Yepeab HBCKONBKO YacOBb cynupyru BMbcrb cb PombKe 
ONATL CTOAIH Ba TOpoxRB BHMBY, Ta‘’b pasBbBasica MaJIeHbKit 
6bunk diarb, WabadA 3hakb Wapoxoay IpwyanHTh Kb Gepery. 
MW Becrep6eprh 6HIb 3y'bcb, teNad WOMpomlaTbca cb HAMH, & 
KOrga WapOxXowb OTH SXaNb, CTapHKb [CTaIb MAaXaTb MankoH. 
lloqepaytue chauHOM BOOCH OnecTbin Ha 3ax0AllleMd CoOIHBITB. 
M ouats py Jlusze oxBaTana MHCIb 0 cTapHKb. noTepsABleMb 
CBOW HeHY, Cb KOTOPOH OH NPORAIb MOUTH Bech CBO BBE. 
Ona OSpaTuiach Kb MyRY HW CKaszala THXO, 4TO6b cToamie Kpy- 
TOMb JNA He Pascale: 

— TH BHBIIb, Kako OHS TAMDb CTOUTh OMAORIM? 

YUuTeIb KABHYJ'b® TONOBOH. OA NOYYBCTBOBaNb X0101% 
BOSMORHOH paslyKH, KOTOPHH BbeTb OTS cOsHaHiA ONHB0CTU 
cCMeprTH. 

— Momerb 6HTb, Bb Aymb cBoeh ob coBepmieHHO JOBO- 
BOJICHb STEM OAMHOUECTBOMD. 

— O!—ckaszana hpy JIluse.—HKakb MomHe FOBOpHTD HBUTO 


1020680e! 
— Jia,—BospasHib YUHTeIb Me waIbHO,—HUKOrAa HeIb3A 


3HATb. | 

@Mpy Jluse sanyManacb. Hakb acto, Korga leubMb roBo- 
PHIb ITO-HH6yHb HEMOHATHOe AA Hea, OHA AyMasa: ,Momerh 
OHTb, OH'b BHYTpeHHO He yZOBIeTBOpeHb MHOW? He maxzeTh 
IH OHb Bb cepau'b cBoeMb OHTb O2uHD?“ Oxa pobKO mo0CMO. 
Tpbia Ha cBoero Myzta. IIpopunb ero BHABIANICA Bb BOBTyXb 
OB CMOTPhIb UpAMO Hepeyt co6on, H, Kasalocb, CoBepimleHHO 
BaOHJIb, ITO OHA CHAHTh BOTS HEFo. 

TyTb OHDb HOBepHyJICA Kb Heh HW 3aMbTHTb BNpameHle eA 
zuma. HacTHHKTHBHO OH’ NOHAID, ‘0 YeMt OHA JYMAeTb, H TOT- 
Wacb Ke MOYVBCTBOBANb, UTO H Ha ero TUDO Hadbxala ThHb. 
Ond OHCTpO OTBeEND rasa, ITOOb OHA STOrO He saMbruaa. , Ilo- 
CTOAHHO DoposphBaers!* o.yMalb ond. ,,/laxke ceroqHaA ona 
CUAcTIHBA He BIOIHB!* 

Ho 06% 3T0Mb Ob He MOI’b [OBOPATh Tenepb. OND Ooaca 
Kakb 6H He Hawvalach O0HAa H3'b MX’b JUMHEHXDd, O€3KOHCYBHXDS 
PASMONBOKb VM He OMpadHsia OH pagocTD otToro yaa. [loaromy 
OH 3ACTaBHJIb Ce6a YIHOHYTbCH, WH vTO eMy yaAasocb. CaoBHO 


160 TYCTABS ah reherctam. 


NOHaBE ero, py Jlwse oTBbTHAa emMy Takme y.IHWOROH, yaHo- 
Koh po6koH, MeyanbHoH, OlarozapHoH, Bb KOTOpOH Apomana 
Kakb OH DOKOPHOCTA cyab6b, AOCTYOHAA JIMIIb HeMHOFHM’. 

Takb DOAbSxXaIH OHH Kb ropony. Bepera ctanw TeMHbt, 
NOTOMY 4TO CONHIC 3all10, H CHOBa OCBBTHJINCh JHMb Tora, 
Kora KpyromM saceepkal THCAWIK HW THCAUH Orne CroKroJbMa. 
Iopcway cBHCThAu HW IyMBIM BOsBpallaBmieca NapoxojsH, Ha- 
OepeRHHA KHII'IH HapowoM’b, H, KOrWa OH BHI Ha Gepers, 
HXb OWeNOMHIb cHhemupuyeckif sanaxb ropota, ceroqna 
mokasabuiifica HMB Topasqo borhe TARCIHMb H CHJIbHHM?, 
GbMB BCersa. 

Moja nomiim onm no J{pottuarcKkol yum Kb OoNbMoMy 
YIHOBaTOMY, KasapMeHHarO BHAa DOMYy, Bb KOTOPOM’ OHM AHIA 
OKPYReHHHe URMAMH HM DWOAbMH. 


(I podoancente canmdyems). 





Victopis Moero COBpeMeHHuKa. 


ee’ 


»xH o B He *), 


KaketTca, 4 OHJ'b Bb NATOMB Kiacch, Korga Y Hach MOABU- 
JIHCh ,HOBHE“ MOJOAHe yIATeA, IpoxozuBoie kypcbrumaasitt 
BB oneuntenbcTBo [IuporoBa H TONbKO YTO BHMezmie H3b 
YHuBepcutTera. 

Tenepbh BhevaTnbHid OTb STHXb ,HOBHXD* BCIOMMHANTCA 
MHS, TOUHO NpHeTh me6eryOHXb BOPOOHMIKOBD. OHAMD H3'b 
WepBHxXb oasulica Buagumips Bacunbesuys Uraatosuys-3a- 
BHIeHCKiH, YIHTeIb xuMin. OTO OHH MONOROK deNOBbRD, 
TOJIBKO 4TO OKOHUMBINIA YHHBEPCHTeTh, Cb UYTb 3aM'STHHMH 
YCHKaMH, MasleHbKaro pocta, Cb NYXJHMH POs0BHMH IleKaMa, 
Bb 30J0THXS OuKax’b. Ha Hach OND Upexse BCero MponsBeld 
BUeWaTIBHie CBOeH MONOXOCTAN: Y Hach OHH YICHHKE, BHIIA- 
mwbButie cTrapme cBoero yiHTeia. Kpomb Toro, oHb LOBOPHAb 
TOHKHM®S LOJOCOMS, Bb KOTOPOMS Kak’b OYTO elle COXpaHHJIMCh 
whtckia HOTKH. BB kuaccb OHB HBCKONBRO poObyb, 4 HBRHOe 
JIGIO CFO YACTO 3aIHBaNb 8acTBHIHBHH pyMaHel'b. O6pamanca 
OHD Cb HaMH BBKIBO, MpeHoOWaBab. cTapaTeNbHO, 3aaHHoe 
COpauluBalb p'bAKO, Kb OTMBIKaMDS BHKASH Bal Ipeneépexenie, 
YPOKH OOBACHATb, KAKS UpOeccoph GTaeTS WekvIN; NOMHN, 
4TO MH'B BCC BPeMA XOTBIOCL, ITOOH OHS B3IANS HOTOH HK, 
H 4TOOH TONOCh eFO CTAIb HBCKONBKO TBEPRKe... 

IlepBHMb pesyMbTATOMB eTO CHCTEMH OHNO TO, YTO KNAcch 
MOUTH TMepectanrb yinTbcs. BropHMb, TO eMy HOpoH Havasu 
cuerka rpy6uTs. bBIHHH WHOMA, UpAcTynaBMi Kb HAaMb Cb 
CaMHMH HeaIbHHMH ORATAHIAMH, DaTwca 8a oOMyW CH- 
CTeMY, KOTOpad BHOCHa Tpyd6ocTb H OMHH3M'b. Bupoyem'b, 93To 
OHJI0 HeA0IrO. OFHaxXIH, Korda Kiacch WyMbIb, BH SaBuNeHcKii 
HAIpacHoO HagpHBath CBO HBKXHEHH YTOUOCOKb, OAHOMY 3b 
HAC NoKasaloch, OYATO OHS HAasBaJ'b HACh CTaQOMb OapaHoB. 
Jipyrie ydHTeIA OYeHb YAaCcTO HasHBalw Hach cTagqoMB Oapa- 














*) Hocarbanif oveprt atof cepin 6n1b HanevaTranb Bb auBaps 1907 r. 
@Pespanp. Oraban I. Il 


162 BI. KOPOARHKO. 


HOB, &@ Nopoi uw xyme. Ho to 6H gpyrie. Osu 6Hun UpH- 
BHYHO Trpy6H, & MH! UPHBH WHO NOKOPHH. daBuselicKi cam 
cpasy UpioxoTuyb Hach Kb Upyromy oOpamexiw 4 NpoHsBOAuIS 
BoeyaTIbHie cnadaro. OHH H3b YICHHROBE, SapyuRii, oeHb 
xopomi Bb CYIIHOCTH MaINH, HO werko nozjaBaBmilica 
HaCTpoeHiaM, BCTAaIb cpeqH DIyMBBUAaro K1acca. 

— TocnoquHb yIuTeIb,—CKasasb OH PpOMKO, BeCh KpacHhht 
MW epskii.—Bu, kaseTca, Ckasasiu, ITO MH CTaqoO OapaHoBB... 
IlosBoubTe BaMb OTBBTHTD, ITO... Bb TAKOMD Cay ab... 

Kuacch BApyr’b 38aTHXb Tak’, ITO MORHO OHNO CIHIMIATb 
poweTaBoyW MyXy. 

— Yro Bb TaKoMb cyyas... BH CaM Oapaut... 

CrekKIaHHaA KONOOUKa, KOTOPYW Aepxarh Bh Pykaxb SaBu- 
JeHCkif, 8BAKHyJa oO peTopty. OHB Bech OKpacHbyrb, ero 
WbTCKOe JHYHKO Kakb-TO OesMOMOMHO APOTHYJIO OT OOHAH H 
rapa... Bb nepBy MHHYTY OHD pactepasicaA, HO 3aTbM®b OTBB- 
THIb Kakb OYATO OKPBOMIMME LoJOcoMt: 

— Al 9Toro He ToBOpPUNIS... BH OMHOIACE... 

OTOTS UpocToH OTBBTS osazainrb. Ba knacch WoyHAIcK 
ponorh, sHayeHie KOTOparo cpasy pasodpaTh OHNO TPyMHO, H 
Bb TY Ke MUHYTY MposBeHBIb 3BOHOKD. daBHIeHCKIA BHMeNd; 
SapyuKaro OKpy2xxtHIH. Owb CTOAND cpequ ToBapumet, yupaMo 
NOTYNBBIUHCh H YYBCTBYA, ITO HacTpoeHie KMacca He 3a Hero. 
CkazaTb eps0cTh YIHTeIN, BOOOME TOBOPA, CUMTANOCh MOABH- 
TOMd, HW eCIH 6H OH TakxXe NpAMO HasBaNb OapanoM’d omHore 
3b ,CcTaphxb* — Manua, CaMapepaya, Eroposa, coBbrs 6W 
erO HCKIIOUKIS, & YICHHKH MpoBOAHIM OH TOPAIHMb COTYB- 
CTBieMb, H Bb HBCKONDKEXS NOKOWBHIAXS ero HMA OHNO 6H 
OKpy2KeHO OpeotoMb uM JereHyoH. Tenepb wacTpoeHie OHO He- 
QOyMBI0-Taxen0e, HeENpiATHOE... 

-— CBHHCTBO, 6paTb,—Ckasanb KTO-TO. 

— Tlycrb xasyetca Bb COBBTh,—yrpHMO OTBBTHIS dapy ORI. 
Jina wero Bb 3TOl xan06b OHI cBOero powa HpaBCTBeHHHH 
BHXOA. Ero 6H HCKINUNIM, HO 3TO OH Cpasy MoCcTaBHIIO HO- 
Baro YIUTeAA Bb PASCO CTAaPHMU... A sHadHTh, W OMpaBAasio On 
rpy6yi BHXOKY. 

— HM noxanyetca,--cka3ai'b KTO-TO. 

— Koneuno. [ymMaeuib,—coycrTuTh? 

— H&rs, we Doxayetca. 

— Tlowanyetcs. 

OTOTh BOUPOCh cTalb cBoero poza WeHTPOMb Bb pasbirpas- 
IMeMCA CTONKHOBeHIN. [[pourio Tan Aba, O xan06b HuYero He 
OHIO ciHDIHO. Meany ThMb, ecu OW OHA OHa,— dapylkaro 
pexpe BcerO BH3BaIb OH HHCHeKTOpS Pymescrifi Wa o6nT- 
Haro TpoOMOBOrO BHYWEeHIA, a, MOKeTb OHTb, Waxke IPAMO ODPH- 
Ka3zalb OM YXOLNTb HOMOM fo pbwenia copbra. Hcrkapgenie, 








HCTOPIA MORTO COBPEMEHHHKA. 163 


Bb TAKOME Ciy4ab, On10 6H HeCOMHBHHO. Mu aganu... IIpo- 
Melb COBBTS. HAkakHX' IPH3bakGBh KaOOW He OHIO. 

HacTyDHib ypokb xumin. daBunelckift ABUICA H'BCKOUBKO 
HokpacHbsamik, 10 ero 6.10 CepbesHo, rasa Yallle NOTy I1A- 
JHCb, H TOOCh CPHBaicnx. BuaHO OHN0, ITO OHS cTapaeTca 
OBNANBTS WoNOmenieMh H HE BNOMHB ysbpeHt, TO 9TO emMy 
yaactca. CkBosb CepbesHOCTh YUHTeIA UpornmasyqbBaga o6usa 
KHOU, YPOK'S Werb Cpeku TArOcTHarO Halpamenisz. 

MHHYTb Yepesh AecaTh SapyuKil, Cb THUOMb KpacHhM’S 
NOTeMHBBIIMMS, MOAKANICA Cb cBoero mbcta. Hasasocb, TO 
IIpH 9TOMB Ha CBOHXS MNeVax'’ OHS NOXHUMaeTh TAKECTH, TaBe- 

Hie KOTOPOH YYBCTBOBAIOCh BCBMB KMACCOM®. 

— Tocnhoaunb- yuntenb...—cb ycuiieMb BHIOBOPpUNb OHb 
cpequH oOmel TumHHH. Bbw y daBueHcKaro AporHyi4 MoAb 
OUKaMH, WHO WOkpacHbio ene ryuje. Hanpsxenie BB kmacch Sy 
OCTHTNO BHCHaro npéezba. 

— J... UpomIHh past...—Haianb Bapyueil r1yxo H 3saTbMs, 
Ch BHesallHOH pbskocThN, 3aKOHIHJIb: « 

— Sl H38BUBANCE. 

H cBgrb Cb TAKUM BHIOMS, TOUHO CKasaI'b HOBYW Wepsocts. 
Jlumo y Saspustelickaro nocBbrabilo, XoTA Kpacka 3aMa ero 
HOBOH BOJHOH AO CaMHXR yMeH, H OHS CkKasaTb MpocTo u 
CBOOOHO: 

— A CKasalib yxe, rocooya, To GapanaMmu HHKOrO He 
Hash Ba. 

WMaUneHTS, OFeBUIHO, OLIb AcYepnans. BB nepByw ente 
pasb Y HAC maxoe CTONKHOBEHIe€ paspBbOINA0Ch maxuss oOpa- 
30Mb. ,HoByH yunTerb“ BHIepxarb ucnutanie. MH 6H. 
WOBONBHH H UM, H—DOUTH 6escosHaTeIbHO—C06010, IOTOMY ITO 
Take BL DepBhH pasb He BOCHOMbS0BaIHCh C1Aad0CTbIO STOO 
WOHOMIM, MOUTH POBeCHHKa Hallero, TAK, KAKS BOCHOIb3OBaIUCh 
OH CIa60CcThH KOro-HH6yAb 8b ,,cTAapHXx.*. CaMHH o1H30]'b 
CKOpO Haraagvica Usb WaMATH, HO Kakas-TO HATOUKAa CBOC- 
oO6pasHolt CHMMAaTIH, 8aBxsaBlelicA MexTy HOBHMb YUMTeIeMb 
H KaccOMb, OCTalacs. 

Beropb Sasnneticrit ybxarb Bb omryers, H38b KoTOparo 
yqepe3b ABB Heb BeEPHYJCA Cb MONOReEHBKOH KenL. Bo BTO- 
poMb JBoph rumuasin OWIO OMBOsTaKHOe sfanie, OAHY MoN0- 
BHHY KoToparo 3aHHMana XMMHYecKad JNadoparopia. [pyran 
MOMOBHHA CTOANa WyCTaA; Bh HeH XI TOAbKO CTOPOKh, Ha 
OOAZA@HHOCTH KOTOParO NemRalO MHTb KOJOH, H KOTOPHM CcaM’b 
HAaSHBab ce6a ,adaTopulakoMB~ (OTb CHOBa ,7a0aTOpHA“). 
Tenepb 9Ty NONOBHHY OTAbIagH HW OTBeEIM DO KBapTupy 
yunteia xuMin. TyTb H BOXBOpuach MONOZaA yeTa. 

dKena dapnselickaro 6H1a BHILe ero POCTOMb, XyMeHbkaa, 


cMyrias, He ocoGeHHO KpacuBad. Ho, Ha Hallh BariADb, Bb Heli 
11° 


164 BJ. ROPONEREO. 


6HJI0 UTO-TO HEOOHKHOBCHHO IIPHB.leKaTenbHoe, BBpH'be,—6HI0 
4TO-TO HeOOHKHOBCHHO MpPHBIeKaTeibHoe Bb HHXb 060HXB 
BMSCTb, H Bb TOM, ITO CBOe THBIAHMIKO OHH YCTpOuIH Bb 
CaMOMb WeHTpB ruMbHasHdecKkol CyTONOKH .H DiyMa. Kaspyno 
nepeMBHy yepesb JBOph HeCIHCh BepeHHUN WMalOBIHBHXS 
YICHHROBD, HallpaBIAACh Bb WoMBmleHie, Tab MOMHO OBO 
TaHKOM 3ATAHYTBCA ManwpockoH. Ilo sBoHKy Bce 9TO AeThIO 
o6paTHo, HaneTad Jpyrb Ha Apyra, culHOasdch, KpHya, BCTYMAR 
BB KOpOTKIA WpakuH wa Ckopyh pyky. Topo Bb 6oxbmyn 
HlepeMBHY BO BTOPOMS ABophb nepexb Nadopatopie yctpansa- 
JHCb HIPH Bb MAYS, H YYCHHKH, NOATAIKHBaA APyrb Apyra 
JIORTAMH, YKa3HBasIH Ha CMYP0e JIHIHKO, MeJIbKaBWUee Bb OK- 
Haxb. HBKoTopHe 3b CTAapMUXd OHH axe NOYTATeABHO BIIN- 
OJCHH, H H8b YYCHUTeECKOH KBAapTUPH, 3A BaBllet BTOPHIM'b 
9TAXKOMb H8b-38 Orpalh Bb PHMHAsHUeCKiA ABOPb, DOpow 
TIATbIH Ha ,cTadopaTopin* BB 6uHokIH. Hnok past, xHB0H 
OyYPHHH NOTOKS, MOCIB WHOKOBL ycTpeMiABuiica Bb kaaTKS, 
BAPYT'b OCTAHABILBAICE, TponycKkad SaBHeHcKYW, IPOXOAMBOTy 1 
CKBO3b TONY Cb MHI0H UpHBBTABBOH YAHOKOH, H TOTL, KOMY 
OHA KNAHANIACh, KaK'b 3HAaKOMOMY, CYHTANIb ceOA NOIbIMeCHH MS 
HW CYaCTIHBHMb. daBuNeHcRif Hapbaka NpHTaallais Toro HH 
apyroro yieunka KB ceOb, uM Tora ero *XeHa TOKe BHXOIMJa, 
SHaKOMANACh, pasroBapHBaa, pasciipamiubata. OTO, KoHeTHO, 
He BXOJHI0 Bb OONACTS NeWaroruks, HO BCe we OHIO Bb STOMB 
4TO-TO xOpollee, TellNoe, FhUCTBOBABMee Ha TONY COppanoOBE 
yxe TBMb, ITO STOTH YIMTCIb OH DNA HAC He TOUbKO Ma- 
IMHHOH, saganue ypoku, HO H YeOBBKOMb, Bb MaJIeHbEOMB 
CYacTiIH KOTOParo MH IIPYHHMAJI Kak OH HBKOTOPCe yyacTie. 
Al CHayaya sallyCTHIb OHO XHMIN, HO 3aTbMb Bb NepBHA 
Ke KaHAKYJH, BH38yYOpHIb Bech yIeOHHKS Bopna Ha 3y6ORs; 
A HHOTa XOTHIDG Kb GaBHIeHCKOMY Cb PHCYHRAMH OpHOOpOoBL, 
Mw MHB He xorbsiocb, ITO6H Mapba BacwsbeBHa CRKasana Kakb- 
HHOYAb Up BcTphB: 

— A BH noyemMy 9T0, NN, He yunTe xumMin? Baws ue 
HpaBuTca? Ja? 

OWHOBpeMeHHO Cb GaBHeHCKHMD Upibxars euje Komaposs, 
pelowaBaBoiii pH MHS TOKO Bb HUBINHXb Knaccaxb. Ero 
TOKE Cpasy NONW6HIH 3a MpoctoTy, oTcytctsie o6HyHOK rpy- 
6ocTH H HOBHe NpiemH mpenowapania. Kpomb toro, MH, yu4e- 
HHKH BHCIIMX'S KUACCOBh, y3HaiH, ITO KHomapoBh — , ykpanHo- 
(usrb“, XOpOMO sHaeTh ManopoccilickyN ucTopin Hw padotaeTS 
0 yKpaHHCKOH oeTHOrpadia. YTo OFeHb TNOAHHMANIO ero Bb 
Hallux riasaxb. Mw O0X0 NOHHMAaIH, ITO 2TO 38 ,TPYLH 
10 sTHOrpadiu“, HO YYBCTBOBaIH, ITO 9TO RAaKOH-TO HHTepec. 
BHCWUAaro NOpAgKa, BHXOMAMIM 3a UpebIN KaseHHaro Upeno- 








HCTOPIA, MOFTO CORPREMEBRAAKA. 165 


WaBbaHia, H KOTOPOMY OTZaWTCA M0 CBOOOTHOMY YMCTBeHHOMY 
Bue renin. 

lloqTH Bb TO Ke BPeMA MOCTYIIHIM elle WBa-TPH MONOLHX'D 
YIHTeIA, KOTOPHXS A He 3Hah. TyBcTBOBaIOCh, OMHAKO, ITO 
BB THMHAZIA NOABAIACh TPyMia HOBHXS WOte, A 06m TORS 
oqHANCA. Hoe-kTO H H8b TpeKXAAXS AYWUNUXE yuuTenel, 
JYBCTBOBABIIHXS ce6A OTHHOKUMH, Telepb OKMIH, H WO Hach 
WONeTAIH OTTONOCKH CHOpoBb H pasHormacif# Bb coBbrb. Bb 
TOMB O6memMB xophb, rob AO CHXB Oph Aad ronocamu cper- 
HATO TemMOpa H perucTpa rocnoncTBOBanM pBskie abiyeTH 
QBTOMATOBD H MaHiakOBb,—CTama 3aMBTHa HOBaA KMBaA HOTA... 

A 3aTBMb ABHJICA WH eCIe OLHHD YNOBBKS, Ha BOCIIOMHHA- 
Hi 0 KOTOPOMb MHB XO¥UETCH OCTAHOBHTLCA NOAONbMe, TAD 
Kakb 9TO CaMOe CBBT0C BOCHOMMHaHie H8b ZYTUXE TOROBd 
Moero yueHia. 


Benianunt Bacnwanernyt Asien. 


Hamb upexuili cropecHukKh, Matpopanb AseKcanaqpoBuyib 
Aunpiescrit, ycirbrb Kakb-T0, He3aMBbTHO, KakeTca, WA ceba, 
IRCHATECA LU 10 COMCHHHM®D OOCTOATCILCTBAMD Mepesesica Bb Ipy- 
ry ruMuasin. MH NpPOBOAHAM ero Cb COKaNBHICM, TAK Kak 
anoniH ero yo6ponymie, Markywo yaHOKy u TporaTeibHyw 
mpewzaHHocTs ,Cuosy o nomky Hropesb“. Ha abKotopoe Bpema 
,»Raeeqpa caOBecHOCTH“ y Hach Ona He 3aHaTa. Ha yporu 
IpHxXonHAS SkoBS Crenanosuys Pymesckis, KoTOpPHH UpMHAICA 
HOWEMY-TO YIHTh HACH TekuwaMali. Camb OHb YTab Kakb-TO 
oco6eHHO Ipy3HO, MACCHBHHM®b FoJOCoMb, Cb YYBCTBOMS, TOJ- 
KOMB H pascTaHOBKOH, a Nopoh ame Cb HeOCHOBaTeJIbHHMH 
IpeTeHsiaMH H& BHDPAasHTeNbHOCTb. Ob Tpe6oBal'b, ITOOH MH 
TOUHO Dokpakanw ero HHTOHAUIAMS, a HaMb 9TO OHO ,Co- 
B'BCTHO“ H Kasaji0ch KpMBIAHiemMb. Mexay TBM, CIOBeECHOCT 
Bcerma, 10 KakO#-TO Tpaqwiv, CYHTaIACh Bb THMHa3ll CAMHM'b 
HHTepeCHHMB H CaMHMb ,yMHNMB“ petmMeTomb. Cb TSMb 
GOULIIMMS HeTepIrBHiemb Kaw MH HOBarO COBeCHHKA. 

OnnasRIH WpoHeCcCA CIYXb, ITO OHS yxRe Upibxanb. SoByTh 
ero AsyieBHMb, MONOZ0H. Kro-ro yxe BUABIb ero Bb ropors 
HW PasCKashBasb 0 CBOeH BCTPBYh Kakb pasb Nepeyb HaqaJloMb 
ypoka, KOTOPHH, kKakb MH JYyMalu, Ha STOTB pasb mpoBeerTh 
eme wucueKTops. Ho n09TH BMBCTB Cb 8BOHKOM’S, ABepb Kuacca 
OTBOPHIACh, H Ha NOporb DOABHICA He3sHakKOMH yqtTetb. Onb 
Ha MIrHOBeHie OCTAaHOBHJICA, COOKOHHO Tiss, Kakbh MH, 3a- 
CTHTHYTHE BPaCOIOXb, OHCTPO pasCaxkHBaHCh NO MBCTaM’b,— 
IOTOMS OpoMleld Kb KaeeAph, KHBAYBb HAM} Ha XOLy FooBoH. 
Takb KaKb 9T0 OH Depp ypoKt, TO OHS MONIA CTA 


166 ' BA. BOPO.ARHEO. 


KlaTh, MOKA Texy pun MpowTerh OOHMYHYNW MOMUTBY; 3aTbMD 
ChIb HW packphiab mypHasb. Jingo y Hero OHIO CHerka XMypve, 
HepekawIKy OHS WHat Kak OyATO HeAOBOILEHMS [oJlocoms, 
nopo ocTaHaBIHBaAch Hah KakOl-HHOyOb hamusieli w Brus- 
IHBaACh Bb eA OONazaTeis. HoHWB 3TO, OHS COMETH Cb Ka- 
eePH HM HETOPONNHBO MpomleicHh# BOIL ckaMeH m0 kaaccy, 
JlyMasi O TeMb-TO, Kakb OYTO COBCbMb He UMROUIeMD OTHO- 
weHia Kb JaHHoH MBHYTS H Kb TOMY, ITO Ha Hero ycTpeM.leuH 
OKONO COTHH F1aab, BHUMATeIbHHX'b, NOOOMHTHHXS HW A3yTaD- 
IMXb Kamyoe ero ABHKeHIe. 

OTO OHIB MONOMOH YNOBBKS, MoxaTy, TOMBKO Towa Ha 
TpH cTapmie daBuelickaro, HO O6o7be BOsMy Xai H CONHI- 
HHH. JIMuO y Hero OHO He COBCBMD OONKHOBEHHOe: MpaBHI- 
HHA YEPTH Cb rpeyecKuMd Dpomusems, Sonbnlie BypasuTes- 
Hne rasa, NONHHA Ty6W, TOHKIie yCH H HeOobmMaa pycan 6o- 
ponka. Bce 3TO 6H10 AOBOMbHO KpacHBO, HO NOYeMy-TO Hab 
Ch TepBaro pasa He MoHpaBuoch. Kpomb Toro, Ha Heb 6HIa 
y3kia OpWKH HW Canora Cb HH3KHMH KadlykaMa, 2 MH CuMTaNH 
RepXOMb leroibcTBa OpwWKH MO0-KasallKA Wiupokie A BHICORie 
Ka6.1yku. Y3kia GpWOKH HOCH Y HAC TOKO 3aBBAOMHE MOI- 
HHKM WH pasTH BB WIecTOMb H CebMOMb K1accé. 

Bee 9T0 MH YycubIH 3aMBraTb HM ONBAHTS 10 mocarbAHel 
NYFOBRUH HW 10 CUIMINKOMb IUHMPOKHXS JallkaHOBb CHHArO 
(ppaka,— oka HOBHH yYKTeIb XOJMTb oO Kaccy. HaMsb kKaza- 
0Cb CTpAHHHMD HM HEMHOFO Aep3kKuMb TO OOCTOATeABCTBO, FTO 
OHB BeleTh ce6A Tak’b OesllepeMOHHO, TOTHO Hach, ubsaro 
K1acca, 830'BCb BOBCe He CyIMeCcTBYyeTS. 

TIposaa TakuMb o6pas0Mb HBCKONbKO pasb Baalb HW Bue- 
peab, OH OCTAHOBHICA, TOYHO MpPOrOHAA 48b TOMOBH 38aHH- 
MaBllia ero CTOPOHHiA MHICIM, H ONATh BHHMATeJIbHO MOCMOT- 
pBIb Ha KIACch. 

— Ubmb BH 3aHlMauch Bb NocabaHee Bpema? —cupo- 
CUNB OH. 

MW mepersiaHyIBCb. 

— Bs nocrbauee ppema SAroph CrenaHoBnyb UTA HAM. 

— Yo? 

— Bacan Kpposa. 

Ilo anny HOBaro YINTeNIA Dpomina TBH. 

— datBMb?—Cnpocut on. 

Bonmpocbh Wokasasich HaMb CTpaHHHM’b. OOB 9TOMB HYRKHO 
6H CIpocuTb y caMoro HHcHeRTOpa. Ho kTO-TO Moranaica: 

— YTo6H 3aHATh WycTHe ypoKu. 

— Al.. H Bacb Toxe 3acTaBIANb IATAaTb? 

— Ja. 

— Tarp. Kto y Bacb xopomo dHTaerh? 

Kuaccb MOoluanb. BcB MH yYMBIH UHTAaTh PpoMKO, HBHe 


HCTOPIA MOErU CUBPEMEHHHRa. 167 


Obrao, HO XopoOmaro ITeHiA He CAHXaH HUKOMA, & ,, BA pasBTedb- 
Hoe 4utTeHie* Sikopa CTemaHoBHda -Kasaz0ch HaMb YBMB-TO 
HCKYCCTBCHHHM®S M MOM IHM'D. 

— Hy, aro xe?—ckasanb oH, HeTepnbaMBO, DOBeqA De- 
qomb.—UTo xe BH MOIUMTEe? 

— Bcb MH 4HTaeMb O2HHAKOBO,—CB ocazol BHpBaJOCb 
Y MeHA, HO A CKA8ANIb 9TO CJIHDIKOMb THXO. YUHTeNb NOBep- 
HVJICA KO MH'B H COPOCHAS BB LOPE: 

— Bw 4HTaeTe xopomo? 

— Hbrb,—oTBbruss a, oKpachbspb.— fl sToro He TOBOpUTS. 

— A # HMeHHO 06% OTOMD COpamiuBarb. WntTalite By! —cka- 
3aJlb OHD YIEHHKY, Depexb KOTOPHMS eRala KAWKKA OaceHs. 

ToTbh BCTaNb H, PAaCKPHBB Haywayy, CTauqb wataTb. Y4H- 
TeJIb HEXOBONbHO MOPIIMJICA. 

— [Inoxo,—cxkasaib onb.—H pcb tax? WH brs wuKOro, KTO 
OH yMbub duTaTb?.. Hy, a ITO BH NpPOXoAWAM paHbue? 

— Teopin cnosecHoctn... lo Munnny,—oTBBTAIO HBCKOIbKO 
POOCOB. 

— A 4TO Takoe COBeCHOCTh? 

Mosraaie. 

— [IpoucxoquTh OTs ,,C10BO“...—CKasa’b KTO-TO. 

— Jlonomumt,—a 4TO Takoe ,,CcIOBO“? 

— Bupaxenie MucAM. 

— He copcbmb. MostHo HaroBOpHTb MHOFO CJIOBb, H BCe- 
TakH BHseTh GescmMHcnuia... A YTO TAaKOe MEICIB? 

Mosganie. 

QOHb NOCMOTPhIb Ha HACh Cb ClerkKa KOMHUeCKOH Kucnon 
rpuMacoH HW CkKasajsi: 

— JlonymMaiire Kaxonu mpo ce6a MW CkamuTe: BH kOra- 
HHOYDb Bb CBOeH KuBHH Moicaunu? 

OTo 6n7a O6nna. Bb knacch nozeAcA Jerrifi ponors. 

— Bcbh,—ckasanb KTO-To. 

— Uto sch? 

— Bcb AyMaemb, T0-ecTh MHCIHMb,—OTBBTHIO HBCKOIbKO 
FOJOCOBh 3a20pHo. Bugumo, YITeIb HAaIHHab paslpamarth. 

— ,,.lyMaete“,—nepelpasHusb OH, NoBeqA nleiomMb.—Buw 
BCB WyMaete: CKopo-1H 3BOHOKS... H Tome dysaeme, ITO BTO-TO 
Hi 3HadHTB uctwme. Ho BH OmTHOaeTeCcb. ,MHICIHTb*,—0HH- 
MaeTe: He YMaTb TOJbKO, &8 MHCIUTb—9TO 3HAaYHTb COBCBMB 
ipyroe. Bbepute Tetpagu... danuchBalite. 

H, MeleHHO pacxaxkMBad 0 Ralaccy, ORS Haqab CBOH 
HepBH ypokb Cb UpocTbuMMuxB onperbuenifi. CHaqaia Bb 
ero riasaxb HW Bb MOpUuA Mexay OpoBAMM BHAHBIOCh TO Ke 
XMYPO-HeWOBONbHOe BHpaxeHie. Ho sckopb pasBuTie MHCIM 
BHAMMO ero saxBaTHno. Ha cMyraomb anu npobusca ryctou 
pyMsuens. Tosopuab ob MeANeHHO, BAyMIBBO U CBOOOAHO. 


168 BA. ROPOARHKO. 


BayHO OHIO, ITO YPOK'S He Bay 4eHb, ITO MHCIH A CAOBA Po- 
RKTAWTCA, BHUIABIAWTCA TYTH Ke H MeTATL Kb HaMb, ene He 
ocTHBmia. IIo BpeMeHaMb OH OCTAHaBIMBAICA Ha XOMy H WB- 
Jab Naysy, NOWCKHBaA HanOombe yaiuyW HopmMy, TOBHIS 
HYXHOe COBO H ONATH Web Nasbule, Bce Gombe u Gombe x0- 
BOABHHM. GalHCHBaTb 3&8 HAMS OHIO TpytHOBaTO. Ob roso- 
PHTb OBObHO MeJICHHO, HO He RMAIb, 1OKa MH 3a HEMD 
nocibemb. Ho sangcaTh xoTrbyocb. OcTasbHad YacTb ypoka 
Nnpowmsa Bb 3ITOMB 3aHATiW. Korga yapHb 8BOHOKS, 2 YAH- 
BHJICA, ITO YPOKS KOHYMICA TAR CKOpo. 

ABLieBb 88KOHIHIB Depiolsb, B3ATh RYPHaAIb BH, KABHYBD 
roz0BoH, BhIerb. BB Riacch DOAHANICA ORHBICHHHK OOMBES 
MH'bHi. Bneyatrbuie 6HI0 eqMHOLyMIHOe HW HeONaroupiaTHoe. 

— Borb Takb nTuna!—roBoOpusb OAHAS. 

— Hy, y 9Toro epxHCb... 

— H orkyaa Upuraacnia Takoro qopta? 

— A BBAb OHD Hach, rocnoya, ockopoursl.. 

3a TAKHMH pasroBOpaMy 3acTallb HAaCh sBOHOKS KO BTOpOMy 
ypoky. Bomesb, MOMHATCA, yauTelb uctopin Metpycops. Oro 
6HIb TOKe ,HOBHH“, NOCTYNUBOIA 3&8 HBCKONBKO MBCATIEBL 
no ABiiepa, MONON0H YeNOBBRS, HeEBHCOKaro poctTa Cb ovens 
YMHHMB WH SHEPrHqIHHMB JHUOM’b. BB Ruacch ofb Wepxals 
ce6f 110 yIHTeIbCKH, CyxoBaTO, HO BCe-TAaKH CHMUATHIHO. YPORB 
y Hero 6HJIB TOFHO pacnperbieHb Ha BB HepaBHHA YAcrTH. 
Bb nepBow OHb BH8HBaIb, CUPalBBab HW CTABHIb OTMBTKE. 
Korga OH ONyCKanrb NepO Bb YepHAJILAUUY, ITOOH NOCTABHTb 
6allh—IHUO ero WhNaoch 3880yMIABO 4 Ccepbe3Ho. BHO 
BUAHO, ITO OHS TUJaTeIbHO B8BBOIMBaeCTh Bb YMB BCH 3a 4 
IIpOTHBd, WH, Korma WOCTIB sTOTO TBePAHMb MOYPKOMS BHO- 
CHIb Bb HYPHAIb TY AIH Opyryw Wudpy,—sBcb iyBcTBOBaAIH, 
TO OH& TOCTaBeHa OOAYM&HHO HU ,CiIpaBeIHBOS. 3a wBal- 
Wath MHHYTb 2O KOWDa YpoKa, OHD UPHIBATaANb KB ce6b 
yIeCOHHKB HU, PaCKPHBD eFO, HAaYWHATh OOBACHEHIe HeHSM'bH- 
HOW pason: 

— Hy-cb, Tax sors. MH OCTaHOBHIHCh Ha TOMD-TO. Te- 
Tepb 6yeMb IpokomKath. 

M 3arbM’b, DOriadWpas Bb KHBTY, OHb Halararh coyep- 
Kanie CrbAywWMaro ypoka AoOpocosbcTHo, o6cToaTeILHO H Cyxo. 
MH 3HadH CJlyda, KOrga Bb COBBTB OH TakxKe OOCTOATeEHEHO 
W3aradb CBoe MHBHie O TOMB AIH ApyroMbh NpOBAHHBMemMca 
YIeHHES, puiemMd 9TO MHbHie OHIO BCerga Bb MBPY CHHCXO- 
AUTeIbHO H HelloKoe6uM0. MH ero yBamkanu, Kakb TeoB ba, 
M AO6poconbCTHO roTOBHAM emMy yporH. Ho uctopia upencta- 
BIAIAaCh HaM'b IPeMeTOM>b H3PpANHO CKYIAHM?; [letpycoBh xe, 
KaxKeTCA, W CaM’b He CUNTATS ce6A MemaroroMb HM Yepesb H'BKO- 
TOpoe BpeMA TAK 2%e YECTHO MW CIPaBeTIHBO B8BBCHIb CBOW 








HCTOPIS MOBTO COBPENEHHHEA. 169 
e 


Weqarorvky,—nocrTaBalb ce6’ Heowo6puTessHH Sab w Mepe- 
MBHHIB pol'b 3aHAarTili. 

Tenepb ero ypokb Kasalca MHS oco6esHO ONBOHHMS 
6es0BBTHHMB. Sl Cb YOBOJIbCTBIEMb, KAK'h BCerf{a, CMOTPBIb 
Ha ero SHEprHqHoe KBapaTHoe HOO, HO ero OObaAcHeHIA CcO- 
BCBMBb He CJYMaN'b. 0&8 MOHOTOHHHMH 3ByKaMH ero pin MH’ 
CIHMAaIcA TPpytHOH YToM0Ch HOBarU CJIOBeCHHKA, U Bb yUlaxh 
CTOAIH CFO A8BUTCIBEHA pbiu. ,JlyMaTb* H ,MHCIMTH~... JIa, 
3TO UpaBga... Pasnuua moHaTHa. A BCe-TaKH eCTb Bb HeM'b 
YTO-TO... HecHMDaTHdAOe. Uro-To 6yneTh Wasbue... 

BHHYBb THXOHBKO TeTpanwb, A CTab YHTATh TOA MapTor 
ZalldCaHHHii YpOKB CNOBeCHOCTH, PHCKYA BHBBaTb sambuanie 
llerpycopa. Hecmotps Ha ,aHTanaTin“, Bos6yxXTeHHY HOBHMD 
YIHTeNeML, A TOUREHS OWT IPH3HAaTb, ITO YPOKS OWN Kpa- 
CHB H HHTepeceH?d. 

IlocrB ypokoBb H& KBapTHpax’ Tome TOBOPHIA O ,HOBOMDb 
CIoBecHHE'S‘. Breqatrbuie BR oO6uIeEMb OHIO H Bb Apyruxdb 
KNaccaxh MOITH TO Ke. YATES KasacA 3aralOwHWMh, CTpo- 
rHMB H M&JOCHMNaTHIHHMb. Ho rosopHiu oO HeMb OOubIIEe, 
YBME OOHKHOBEHHO FOBOPATD 0 ,,HOBHX'D“. 

Jia depesb TPH 3aroBOpHIH eme 6ONbMe, HHA BTOTL Pash 
TOJKH Bb THMHAZil IPAM usb Topora: HOBAaTO YUHTeIA BU- 
WBIK UbAHHMD... pu stoms uspbcrid MeHA YTO-TO KOJbHYIO 
BB cepaue. Crbayomi ypokb onb oponycrumb. OAH roBo- 
PHIM ,Cb HOxMBubA“, Tpyrie— To ycTpanBaeTca Ha KBapTups, 
Kart 6H TO HH-6HJIO, Y BCBXb ABHIOCh YYBCTBO pasodapoBa- 
Hig, Korma BMBCTO HOBaro yaIvTeIA Ha Woporh, Cb KXypHasoMS 
Bb pykKaxh, aBuIcaA Skoph CremanoBats. 

Emme 2HA yepesb ABa Bh KWaCCh yao, Kakb Terapia, 
HOBOe ceHCallioHHOe HeBbcTie, yxe COBepmMesHO AOCTOBBpHoe, 
IOTOMY YTO OHO OHIO MpHHeceHo OFeBHALeMb. BHIB y HACh 
yueHHKS JloManeBuyb. OTO OHI BeMROBO3pPACTHHA MONONON 
YeNOBBKS, 3acbAbBMilica Bh THMuAasin HM KasaBnlilica cpequ 
Hach, M@W8rH, COBCBM B3pOCIbiMb. KaxkeTca, OTIACTH HMeHHO 
9TO OGCTOATENECTBO CHOCOOCTBOBANO pasBHTIN Bb HeMb Oobs- 
HeHHaro caMoINoia. OHS OHS DOOpHH Mann Hw xopomiff To- 
BaPHITb, HO Fepearb ce6A BHCOKOMBpPHO, Kakb Wpopeccops, 
CiyisHHo ycbpmilica Ha o2Hy DapTy cb MaJIHWaMa. 

Bb sTOTS TeHb OHS ABHICA Bh KlAaCCh Ch BUXOM OCOOCHHO 
BeIHIaBHMb H HAMeHHHMS. Cb HeOpexXHOCTLN, CKBO8b KOTO- 
PYD, ONHAKO, IPOCBBIvBaO CAaMOZOBOJCTBO, OHS pasCKasa'b, 
"TO ycrbIb ye ONH38KO T03HaKOMHTECA Ch HOBHMB YUHTe- 
aemb. [[ponsomii0 9T0 3HaKOMCTBO DPM coBepmlesHO ocoGeH- 
HHX} OOCTOATeNLCTBAXS. Biepa, JYHHHMS Bevepom’s, Jlomaze- 
BATE BOsBpallaicd OTh 8HaKOMHXb. Ha yray Tononresol yuu 
H mlocce OHb YBUSIE Kakoro-To rocnomMHa, KOTOPHH curb 


170 Bd. KOPOARHEO. 
: ® 


Ha wiTa6derb 6peBpeHhb, MOKaYHBaJICA H3'b CTOPOHH Bb CTOPOHY, 
OOMBHMBaICH WYTKAaMH Cb YAMBJABLUIHMHCA Ha Hero Upoxo- 
HMM A Bal'bBalb MaOpyccRia WBCHH. 

— Touocb, A BaMb Ckasty,—3ambyaTeipauaé! —nopnbabui®b 
pasckaswuKb Cb HBKOTOpOH TephocTby 38 cBoero HOBaro 
pistes. 

Korma JloManeBuyYb, He Cpa3sy y3HaBb HOBaro yHTeJA, 
IIPHONH3HJICA Kb TOMY MBCTY, TOTS Cro OKMHKHYJB: 

— T[ocnonuun® yyesurs. [logokzute cwga! 

ToTb noxOMerb UH, KOHEIHO, NOKIOBJICH. 

— Kars Bala amusia? 

JloManeBuYd, ,,Upv3HaTbcad, HeMHOTO erpycums*. Buwio yace 
10384HO, BEYEPOMb BHXODHT Cb KBApPTHPdS sallpelllewo, & ITOTS 
HOBHH, KaxkeTCA, CTporb. Cam’b UbAHS, & AMPORTOPY MowecerTh. 
TBMB He MeH'be, cepbia cepaue, pamMaariw HasBars. 

— QuyeHb NpiATHO,—BB:xXHBO CKaszalb Ha 9TO YIUTEIb, UpO- 
TArHBad pyky.—A a Asnient, Besiamuat Baouibesnyb, yIu- 
TeNb COBECHOCTH. BB HaCcTOAILYW MHHYTY, Kak’ BUAUTe, HB- 
CKONIDKO IbAHS. 

IIpH 9TOMb OH'D BeceNO 3aXOXOTAab (,CMBXb y Hero yOH- 
BHTCIbHO BeceJIHH WH 3apasHTeIbHH") H, KPBUKO ONepminch Ha 
pyky yieHuka, DOABAICA Ha HOrH H NOMPOCHAb MpoBOAHTS 
ero 40 OMY, TaK'b Kakb elle He O8HAaKOMBIICA Cb ropomom. 

— Yoprs 3HaeTb, —roBOpuJb OH'b, CM'BACh,—YJIMUW y Bach 
KaKi-TO HecooOpasHhA, & elle Xy2Ke: BHHO y Ballero Baln- 
Tpay6a Kpbuxoe. Ilomexb oTb Hero, He YCOBIS OTIAHYTHCA,— 
yxe 38 MulardayMomt,. Tomer Hasal'b... TYTH OpeBHa Kakin- 
TO N02 HOrH WB8yTH... Xa-xa-xa... [onoBpa y MeaaA BCcerma 
CBBxa, &@ HOrH, YOPT UX’ BOSbMH, UbAHBNTE... 

HomManeBuyh NPOBOAUIh YINTeIA Ha ero KBapTHpy Hah 
IpyYHoMb, WpHieMb BCH AOpory ApyskeckH oOAWepRBBaNTh ero 
nonb pyky. Jloma y ce6a ABwieBR OHNIbB OYCHb MUTb, Wpel- 
JOKHIb Walwpocy H MaJleHbRii cTakaHYAKb KpacHaro Buna, 
HO DPW STOMD, OHAKO, YrOBapvBaIb ero HHKOrMa He HalH- 
BaTbCA WH He BAWONATBCA BS KeCHUIUHD. [lepBoe—BpeqHo, BTO- 
poe... He CTOHTS... 

Pa3cKkasb BH&Balb Bb Kacchb ceucanin. — Utro-xe 9T0 Ta- 
Koe?—YMANIb H Cb HENOHATHHMDS OMLyUleHieMB KakOu-TO mle- 
MameH ymMesHon Oonu, ThMb Oowbe crpanHol, iro ABiiesh 
Kka3zacica MHB Tenepb elle Menbe CHMUaTHIAWM?D. 

— Hy, 6pars,—caBuanb KTO-TO DparTayeckif BHBOI'b,— 
Tellepbh MOKeMb KPyIMINH TONb He YIMTh CNOBECHOCTE... 

— Yro muh yuntp ee,—oTsbrunb Jlomanesuyb HeOpexHoO, — 
A Cb Upollsaro royqa 3Hab BCe, ITO OHS DHKTOBAIE... A, Opath, 
»MBICIN* ellie Cb DepBaro kuacca. H, OKHHYBb Hach OOHY- 
HHMb, HBCKONBKO Wpeke6pexuTeIbHHMS BsrAdgOMb, — /loma- 





HCTOPIA MOEFv CUBPAMEHHHKA. 171 


HeEBHYS MeeHHO MpocrbgoBaTh KB cBoemy MibcTy. Tenepbh y 
Hero ABMJIOCb HOBOe MpeHMYINeCTBO: HUKTO H3b HAChb He OWIb 
Bb TaKHXD ,TOBAPHMECKHXb* OTHOMeEHIAXh HH Cb OLHUMD A3b 
yuntesen, H C0Ba-IH Kb KOMY-HHOYIb H8b MeNWarH MORHO 
OHNO O6paTHTbCA 3&8 manou yceuyrol... . 

T[po6u.1b 3B0HOK?s. JiBepb oTKpHacb. Bomert ABMeBh u 
Nerkoh Oessa6oTHOH NOXOAKOH Upomerbh Kb kaoenps. 

Bb Kaaccb croanta Heo6HKHOBeHHaA THOINAa. Ilocrb Mo- 
JUTBH BCB B&srasAdhl YCTpeMHIHCb Ha YHTeIA, O KOTOPOM’b 
yY3HaslH, ITO BYepa ONS OHA NAH, HW ITO ero JloMaHeRHIS 
Beh DON pyky Qo KBapTapy. Ho wa ero kpacwBomb wuWh 
He OH10 BUXHO HH Marhiimaro cMymenia. Ono 6HNO CBB«Ko, 
P.1a3a O3KHBICHHO ONecTbIM, Ha MleKaXh BAANBICA PYMHHeLD, 
Ha ryOaxb urpanta ToHKaA yaH6Ka. BruawbBIch Tellepb Bb 
STO JIHIO, A BAPyb NOYYBCTBOBANb, ATO OHO BOBCe He aHTH-. 
HaTH4HO, & HAOOOPpOTb—oyeHb YMHO H Kpacueo... Cb TM 6o0b- 
mie ropeubW WleMHJIO y MeHA Ha Dyorb BocnoMHHanie 0 Bie- 
pamvemb nponciiectBiv. ABMieBb pacKpHJIb RYPHANb U CTATb 
UbIaTh WepekKIHYKY. 

— Bapzeucril... Sa6oTunt... Bysmscrif#t... Jomanesuts. 

— 3766b,—oTBbrunb JioManeBayt, HANBO UYTb-TyTb M0- 
WHMaACh Cb MBCTa. ABieBb Ha MrHOBeHie OCTAaHOBHJICH, 0- 
CMOTPpBIb Ha HerO CBOMMM BeCeHMM lasaMy, Karh-6w IpH- 
NOMUHAA YTO-TO, M MpodoMKaNb Wepexnwyny. Barbus, oToqBu- 
HYBb XYPHANb, OHb OONOKOTHICA Ha RKaeeAPy UH, OKHHYBD 
KNaCCbh OTKPHTHMS B3ra JOM, Ciupocus: 

— Bu npomiani pass ycuban sce 8alllCaTh, ITO A pascra- 
Bab? 

— Yerba. Wo we ycrbau, To sBoscTaHosayM Apyrb orb 
aApyra. 

— HW pyy ania? Konequo, Buyauau. Jla? Tocnoguns Jloma- 
HeBUuTs. . 

Heoxufanno pasqapmanca dbamMutia mpoObaana BB K1acch 
ONeEKTpuIeEcKoH HcKpo. Bcb BaraagnH DOBepHYyJMCh KB Jloma- 
HeBuyy. bbanara, 8aCTHTHYTHY BpaciNoxb, HeqoyMbao u 6e3- 
THOMOMIHO OFIAQHBaJIcA, Kak OW He OTMaBaA ce6b oTyeTa Bb 
TIpOHCxonAmemMb. Bb Knacch NOCMHMaICA HeBONbHO MpopBas- 
miica cmbxb. JIuijo yautTena cTano coBepmleHHO CepbesHo. 

— Htaks, rocnoqnyt JloManepnyh pa3ckamerb HaMt.., Kaks 
MBI TOXOMMIH Upon pasb Kb onpenbueniw wpegmeta. Cuay- 
INEM. ts 

JoMaHeBHY NOAHAICA, NOCTOATS TONb-MAAYTH DOTYNACE A 
IOTOMB COBeEPMeHHO PacTepAHHO CKasaJB: 

--- 41, TOCNOTHHD yUHTe db... 

— YUto umenHo? 

— Ceroyua He yCOB1TS mpHroTosuts. 


172 BA. KOPOARHKO. 


— Hanpacso, r. JloMaHeBuyn, He ycrbau. BpemenH 60 
HocTaTouHo. Y Bach 6a OCHOBATeIbHaA MpHInHA? 

JiomMaHeBHYb McoI¥ab. 

— JKanb, 40..—OHDb B3ANb Depo W packpHIb RXYPHab. — 
Cb BelHIaHDMMh comaTbHieMb BHHYReEHS NOCTAaBATh BAW... 
e]HHHIY... 

IIpopeaa Bb AypHaIhb YepTy, OH B3rIAHYIb Ha OBAHArO 
JtomaHesuya. Buyb y Hallero laTpiapxa 6HUIb BCe elle TAKOH 
pactepAHHHH W KOMHUHO OOMmReHHHH, ITO ABTieBL BHeEsalHo 
BaCM BACH, Clerka OTKYHYBB ronoBy. OCmbxb y Hero OHITb 
WBHCTBUTeIbHO KakOH-TO OCOOeHHHH, NepeHBiaTHH, sapa3H- 
TeIbHHY HM SBOHKIM, Ip YeM'’b KPAaCHBO CBepKaJH H8b-0Tb TOH- 
KHXB YCOBb poBHHe Obne 3y6n... Y Hach BoooOme He OHIO 
IIPHHATO CMBATECA Hane ObA0H ToBAapHOTa,—HO Ha STOTL pasb 
BHO® y JJoManeBHUa OHJIb Tako#, YTO BB Kuacch cMwbxB 
BCOHXHYJ'b HEBOJbHO. SacMBbaJICH, HAKOHeEb, H CaM Jlomane- 
BHYb MH, MAXHYBb pykKoH, ycbuca Ha MBCT. 

OcyoxHeHie cpasy paspbuusoch. MH NOAH, ITO H8b 
ByepalwlHArO MpoHcmectTBig PBILUTeIbHO HAKAKHXS DOCIBACTBIA 
CO6CTBeHHe JA yUeHiA He BHTeKaeTh, H ITO ABTOPHTeETh YIH- 
TeIA YCTAHOBIeHS Mpowko. A Kb KOHMY 9TOrO BTOporo ypoKa 
ABieBB ycubIb OBNIAaLbTh Hamu SesnoBoporso. IIpoxaRtoBaBB, 
kakb HW BB DepBHH pa3s'b, KpacdBO 4 CBOOODHO Aatbubaniee 
OOBAcHeHie, OHb 3aTBMB B30MIeb Ha Kaeelpy H, packKpHES. 
IIpHHeceHHYW Cb co6oH TOACTY!O KHHTy Bb HOBOMb H3ADHOMS 
nepenierb, ckasaib: 

— Tenepb, rocnoya, o1m0xHemb. SI BaMb YTOBOPHIb yzte, 
4YTO 8HAYHTh MHCJIMTh DOHATIAMH. A BOTS Cefiqach BH YCJIH- 
IMTe, KAKb HHHE JAH MHCIATS WH OOBACHANTD CaMHA CIORK- 
HHA ABIeHiA O6pasamMu. BH 8HaeTe ye TypreHesa? 

Ky cTHAY Hallemy, TypreHeBa MH TOra 3HaIH TOKO IO 
uMeHH. KHuraMi MH D0.1b30BaJIHCh BIH 3&8 yM'bpeHayW wary 
y W06HTeIA-eBped, CHaOxKaBMWaro Hach UCTPeaHHHMA POMAaHaMA 
Tima, Moutenena u [adopio, 41M 438m TuMHasHdeckol On6ri0- 
Tek. KHuru 43> 9TOK NocrbaweH BHaBatb camM’b MuTpodasb 
Anekcanapopuys Axgppiesckifi. Jima osToro Onwrb HasHaveHS 
ONMHb Beyeph BS HeL hI, HO MOUb80BAIHCh MH OTHM'D Beude- 
poOMb TOUbKO 3HMOH. Becenow rypbOo MH BB&IHBaJIHCh Bb 
TeMHHe TyJKie KOPpHAOPH, KasaBMiecd TaHHCTBCHHHMH H He- 
3HAKOMHMH IPH COMHUTCIBHOMD CBbTS CalbHaro orapka, KOTO- 
pHi Hecb BhepeyH AHpieBCKili, H NOMHHMaHCch 0 JBCTHH- 
aM’b, OOMBHHBaACh Cb OOPOAYWIEHMB CJIOBCCHHKOMB ILYT- 
KaMH H OCTpoTaMH. Kax2Hii pas’ ond MONO WOAOuparb KINTh 
Kb saMKy Ou6ni0TeTHOH ABepH, NOTOM B8BOHKO MleKasn 3a- 
TBOPH, HW OTKPHBAJICA BXONb Bb OONbMIYH KOMHATY, YCTABIEH- 
H ylo 110 CTbHaMb vUrpOMHHMM YePHHMM WkadaMu. 3y‘beb, BIpo- 





ACTOPIA MORTO COBPEMEHHHRA. 173 


YOM, HAIG YAOBOILCTBie HM KOHYANOCh, TAKS Kakb COsepmH- 
Moe MKaoBb OHNO YpesBH4aHHO CKYDHO: TYTb OHH OpenMy- 
MeCTRCHHO AyMecnacuTelIbHHsa oyyesia, ,Bockpecuyt Jlo- 
cyrb“, Hovemy-To eme ,Congatckoe Utenie« u_ ,Bcemipauii 
yTemecTBeHoukb*. MH rpoMkO pontanH, a Angpiescrili, Hu- 
MaJi0, KOHCYHO, He NOBHHAHL BL 3TOH CKYAOCTH, OTMYIHBAICA, 
TOpoH oFeHb OCTPOyMHO, Bosb6yxnan oOmi xoxoTs. Bb konuh 
KOHIOBB UPHXOMHOCh BCe-TAaKH NPOCHTb AVIA uTeHIA MMyTe- 
mmectbie JIMBHHrcTOua, 3&8 HHMB WyTemectsie Kyka, sarbub 
Aparo wu nyTemectBie Berkepa-nama. Pasb #4 OpHHecb Jo- 
MOH Jlaxe Kakoe-TO MyTemectBie Ha Aeon’. Kaxetca, oTo Onin 
»llacbMa CBaToropua’, H3b KOTOPHXh BUPOYeM, HECMOTPA Ha 
Torjaminee MOe peHriosHoe HacTpoeHie, A 3allOMHHIb TONbKO 
OMHO KpacuBoe olHcabie OypH M BOCXHIMedie Nepelb TMB, Kak 
CBaTuTeb Hukota 3aymiunb na codops eperuka Apis. Caaro- 
ropelb CTOHTb Mepeb MROHOK, us00paRanmeh 9TOTh CHIIb- 
HHW apryMeHTS OorocOBCKOH TOJIeMHKH, H CMY TYAHTCA, ITO 
»OT8BYKb CBATHTCNBCKALO 3ayMieHia elje HOCHTCH NOXb CBO- 
WaMu G6eamomBaaro xpama“. Onucanie 6ypH Mab MoHnpaBH0CE, 
& BOCXHIeHie Mepexb MOMCYHHOK MpPOHsBesI0 Rakoe-TO cTpaH- 
Hoe, ,Tepokoe* BieyaTabHie, OTpasHBleeCcA AO HSBBCTHOH cTe- 
eH Ha Ja&IbHbAMeH BBONMNIH MOHXS peNHTi03HHXb BsligK- 
JLOB. , 

Kark>b 6b TO HH OHNO, HO ake A, YHTABMI CpaBHUTeIbHO 
MHOPO, XOTA GesMOPALOIHO A Cy WaHO, sHaBMi ,,. Tpexb Mylka- 
TepoBD, sHaBmil ,rpada MoutekpucrTo* A qaxe ,BBinaro KH- 
na* Esresia Cho (Ha MONbCKOMB AsHKB),—o Tororb, Typre- 
HeBS, JIoctroepckoms, [ouyaposb au UnceMckoMb uM'BITb THOS 
oTyaneHHoe moHATie. Moe yTenie Toro BpeMeHH OHO ropasyo 
xyxe, YhMB npexye, Bb /Kutomipb. Ono OHO DpocTo pasBule- 
GeHieMh, MOrI0WAaBMIHMb Yacht Wocyra, Hw Upiyqaso MeHA CMO- 
Tpbrb Ha GeJeTpUCTHKY, KaKb Ha 3aHHMATeIbHHA OMuCaniA 
Toro, Yero Bb CYyNIHOCTH He ONBAaeTE Bb wRUSHH. J Xopomo 
TIOMHH HBKOTOPHA MUHYTH 38 UTeHieMd, KOra A UpHKALH- 
Bab MOCTYNKH HW pasroBOpH KHHRAWXB LepoeBb Kb yco- 
BiaMb OKpyxawmueh MeHA AXH3HH HU HAXOAWIb, ITO HAKTO U 
HHKOra Tak’b He TOBOPUTS HW He TocTynaeTb. PoBHHMS cBBbT- 
JIHIMB UATHHOIKOMD Ha 9TOMb MYTHOM’ HM MecTpOMb ous BH- 
cTynano BocnomHuanie 0 ,Oomb usb Canzomipa“ u emle WByxs- 
TPeXb MpowsBexeHiaxh MONbCKUXS MucaTeNel, MpPOTMTAHHHXS 
pate. Tax. mony Toxe, HomatyH, KpyroMb MeHA He TOBOpUIH, 
HO BCe #*e 9TO OHNO OMe Kb KASAM, UM MH'B Kasalocb, 4TO 
rurB-T0, OHTh MOKeTh HefaseKo H He OYeCHb AaBHO, — INH 
motu TAR YOBOpATb: H nocTynaTs... MH nopo MHB xorboch 
Upowectb Taky Kaury, THB WOM TOBOPATS COBCBMS TaKs, 
Kak} Bb XH3HH, H YBHABTS kapTHHy, ryb Bce Takb HapHco- 





174 BA. KOPOJEHEO. 
/ 


BaHO, KaKb BB HaTyps. Jlomaw onuus cebrawi ocenuit Be- 
wep Bb Popo, Korga A Merb no THxo# Tomonuenol yaunh w 
CBepHYIb Yepesb NYCTHpPh BL yseHbKit DepeyoKb. Yanna 
Oba Bb TBH, HO 8& OropoyaMy, MEXxTY ABYMA YePHHMH KpH- 
aM, WOXHHMAaIach yaa, W Ba He pB3KO O6pHcoBaNuch Yep- 
HHA BBTKH Depena, ye O6HAaKeHHALO OTb NNCTHEBS. Al ocra- 
HOBHJICH, HEBONbHO NOpaxkeHHHH kKpacHBoH mpoctotok sToro 
HeclOKHarO Helizaxa. Sl AN6WNb PHCOBATb, OrpadHIMBasCch 
padckHuM®b KoOmHpoBaHiemb, HO Tellepb MHS CTpacTHO xXOTBIOCh 
Tlepelath 8Ty KapTHHy BOTb Takb xe Mpecto, Cb poBHOH TeM- 
HOTOH 9THXB KPHIIb, Ch KOMbAMH ILNCTHA, BPBsaBIIAMHCA BS 
nhocpbrabamiee oTh MBcaua He6o, co BCeli rIy6HHOK BIAKHHXh 
ThHeH, Bb KOTOPHXb 4YBCTBYeTCA TaKb MHOFO YTORYBOIHXS 
BO TbMB UpeyMeTOBb, FYBCTBYeTCA Make HeaBHO BHMABOIA 
WOK Hb... ‘ 

TloroMb MHCJIb MOA OTh UpewnowaraeMow KapTHHH Mepeniaa 
Kb KHHTaMt, H MBS DPHUINa Bb TONOBy Hex: ITO, econ Ob 
ODNCaT MpOCTO MaJIbYHKa, BPO’ MeHA, RHBMaro CcHayasa 
BB JHKuToMiphb, NoTOoMB nepebxapmaro BOTh cha, Bb PoBHO; 
OUHCaTh BCe, ITO OH YYBCTBOBAIb, ONHCATh WNAe#, KoTOpHe 
ero OKpy2Kasu, H Jake BOTh 9TY MHAYTY, KOra OH CTOHTS Ha 
WyctoH y1uub w MBpserb cao Tellepewiaitt AYXOBHHH pocTsh 
Ch CBOUMb NPOUIHMS H HACTOAMIUMS, CO BCBMb, 4TO ero ORPy- 
xaeTb. BOTS Bb 9THXS JOMAXb KPYTOM?, Bb 9TOH CHTO, BIaR- 
HOH TeMb, 6esnmopaAyOIHO ycBanHoH OroHbKaMH, 38 3THMH CBB- 
TAIIHMUCA OKOMKAMH, KHBYTh INAH. Tenepb OHH DbNTH wait, 
HJM YXHHANTH, pasroBapHBaNTh, CcopATca, cMbutTca. Bors 
TYTB YIATeNb pucoBania CHaxypcrii, HeqaBHo xKeHuBHicA # 
PeBHHBHH, pyraeTh CBONW MOJOLy KeHY 88 TO, ITO OHA Ce- 
rOXHA TIAA Bb OKHO Ha IPOXOAHBOIMXb MHMO y4UeHHKOBS. 
Bors TaMb KBapTupa MOMONIBHKa HCOpaBHaHka, OFeHb ropmaro 
CBOUMb sBabieMb H Oepymlaro yMBpeHHHA BeATKH. BoTh TamMb 
YHHOBHAKS Jlo6pokNOHCKIN, HBCKOIBKO ITS Hasadb OPHAARIIA 
mpabociapie Hw Tellepbh Ha06pamalmlih ce6a H BCH CeMb) OpH- 
POXHHMH BerHKopoccamy... Bowazy, rab MHTaWTb 8TH OrOHBRE 
CHUATE JON, HHKOrAa He OFIARWBaNmieca Ha ceOa H Ha IpE- 
powy, HuKorga He TpuMBpwBawuie cBoero a KO BCeMY, ITO 
WXB OKpyxaerh. BHTb MORES, BO BCEMS TOPOAh A OMAR CTOW 
BOTH 8'BCb, BIIAXHBAACh Bb 9TH OFHH H TBHL, H OMMHS A Wy- 
MAW 0 HHXb,—0O KAKIOMb Bb OTIBIBHOCTH H 060 BCBXS BO- 
o6me, H A OME ReNalb OW wa0dpasuTh HW STY UpPHpony 
STUXS AWJeH Takb, ITOOW BCe OHIO DpaBya, W ITOOH ka THA 
Hallet 3'bcb cBoe MBCTO. 

KoHewHO, A AYM@Ib ONATb He STHMH CIOBaMH, HO AyYManlb 
uMenHo eTo. HM Bo Mub 6H0 Torga HBITO Bpors roplocta 
Kw BMBCTB—ropeyb HeyoBreTBOpeHia. 3 TONBKO AYMaIb, Yo 





HCTOPIA MOETO COBPEMRBHAHEA. 175 


MOHKHO OH H3806pasHTb BCe, Bb TOM MpocTOoTh H upaBy'B, Kat'b 
A Tenepb 3TO BUKY, H ATO HCTOPiA MaNbIMKa, nOR06Haro MAB, 
H WO2eH ero OKPy2Kawlulux'’b, MOria OH GOHTb WHTepecu’be WH yM- 
H'Be rpada Moutexpucro. Ho, Bb CYMIHOCTH, A HUGero He YMBIB: 
yantemb Cuaxypcrili CInTab MeHA AapOBHTHMS PHCOBaJbIOLY- 
KOMb, HO Tpe6oBaN'b TuWaTeIbHOH ,,WTpHxXOoBKu*. BB TpH- 
XOBKB  JOCTHTS OONSUIHXE YCIBxXOBh, HO CB Heil He MOrb 
HapHCoBaTb CaMaro MpocToro Melizaxa cb HaTypH. Iopott, or- 
BA8aBb HAY NOAKY, A NOANIHBaAIb Kb OCTPOBY, CTAaBHAb ee 
cpequ KYBIIHHORB WM PACK H NPHHUMAICAH Ch 3a1MBa PHCO- 
BaTb CTaPHH 38MORKb Ob DYCTHMU OKHAMA, Cb BHCOKMMH TOIO- 
JAMH H OOOMUIBINMH KaMeHHHMM PHiapaAmMv. PucyHka MoM 
XBaJHIH, HO A CaMb YYBCTBOBAIb, ITO BCE 3TO TONBKO YepTH, 
KOHTYPH, DITPHXOBKa... HBTS HH 38a02yMYMBOH MacCHBHOCTH CTa- 
poH pyHHH, HH YNyOHHH Bb 3ifWUIAXb OKHAX'b, HH BHCOTH 
Bb TONMOIAXS Ch MYMAIMMH BeEPIIHHaMH, HH BO3yXa Bb BH- 
COKOMS HeO6b, HH DpospaqsocrTa BD Bob. WH He pasb cb oMly- 
mreHiemb OescHif H KaKOH-TO DyMeBHOH Oe3BKYCHUNW A Kilab 
KapaHialld HW asbOOMb Ha CKaMeHKYy JIONKH MH OROIry cH- 
DBAS 6e8b TBMKeHIA, TUATHA, Kak BOKPYI'h JIOMKH, WMeBeA 
ZACTOABNIYNHCA CBepKaWiIlyw BoLy, ObrasH rononorie Boa_AHHe 
KOMapH Cb CBBIJHMH YalleyKaMH Ha KOHOQaXb Jallokb, Kakb 
Bb THHB THXO H TOMHO OPOMIHBAaIH pas0MIBBOIA JAPyOIKH, 
HJM paki BCWaxHBasId XBOCTaMH MyTHOe 4HO. Yepeab Hw bKOTO- 
poe BpeMa—jymeBHad NycToTa, BBABIUIAA OTE MePTBOM *KH3HH 
MepTBaro ToOposkKa, HAaIHHAaAa HAaNONHATLCA: W8b HEA BHXOLUIK 
TBH Wpomsaro. Ilycrok ocTpoBh saceNAJICA, 83aMOK'S OMMBATD, 
Bis DIMA WYCTOTH 3aMBHAIMCh PAaMM OKOHS, BB KOTOPHA 
ruiabau KpacuBwe nombcKie pHuapu H AaMH... Ha mupoKomp 
6aJIKOHS DOABIAINCh TpyO0H KpacaBhlb, HW Oa W3b HUX'D 
wepxaia KYOOKb, a MOON0OH pHUapb (MOxKeTh OHTL, 9TO Aaxe 
ObINb A) BEBsKAaTE Ha KOH'S 10 IBCTHUMAMD UW MepexoyamMh A 
Opasb sTOTh KYOOKb 43b pyKH amy... Kpyromp rpembia 
EKDPHER3, BHCTP BIH, 8BOHb WNOpb H pxanie Kouel... 

Ho yame a MpefctaBnanb ce6b Apyria kaptuaH. Ha 3a- 
MOKB HalalavTb KOsakH H TakpzaMaku, BeCb OCTPOBh BB 6B- 
JIOM®D JHMY... SI Tellepb Ha CTOPOH'S HallawawmUxt, Cb ,Fouoros, 
yeHinekama“ uw kasakamu. Booéme, Bb 9TO BpeMA, NOMD BAIiA- 
HieMb MBCTHHXS peqanii M OTPHBOWaro iTeHiA (Bb CTH- 
xax’s) ,l'aliqamaxosn* I[lepyenka,—pomantTu3M crapol Yxpau- 
HEX OATh BPHBAICA Bb MOW AyMy, 8a00JHAA ee NpuspakaMu 
oToWemieH Kosalkoli 3H, TAKHMH we MEPTBHMU, Kakb i 
TIOJIBCKie PHUApH WU WX DpekpacHya aM... Bs taxia mu- 
HYTHI MHB kazalloch, ITO RHBHb MAJCHbKArO XOpoOmo pHAako- 
Maro MHS MaJIbuvKa H WHODIM He MOKeETH UpPeAcTaBAATh HH- 
gero UuxHTepecHaro. HatTepecHH TOJbKO AHKIiA cTenu, ObmleHad 


176 B.1. KOPOAEHKO. 


NOrous, Hallagenia, UpuKMOYeHIA, DOABArH HeBBpoATHOH xpa6- 
pocTu, o6ycnoBleHHoH, pasymbeTca, HenpeMbaHO 6Naronosyy- 
HHMB OKOHYaHieM®S... IIOMHW, ITO ONHO BpeMA A Jake 3adHTe- 
pecoBasica reorpadieH cb TOM TOUKH 3pBbHiA,--rayb MOKXHO On 
Telepb BB Halle Nposahyeckoe BPeMA HAATH YFONORS WIA BOB- 
CTAHOBIeHiA SanopomckoH chun, HU OFeHb OOpanoBalcA, YCIH- 
XaBb, ITO TAakKOH ate, KaKb A, MOMYMAaNOpocch, NMOTy-101aKs, 
Cannrt-IIama, Ualikoscki, MUleTbh TOrO-me POMAHTHIeCKaro 
npomaro Ha JiyHab, Bb AHaTonin u BB Cupid... Jina yero 
MHB HyxXHO OHNO STO Sanopoase? TobKO AA pOMaHTAYe- 
CKHXb pesb, AA BoodpamaeMHxb NpuKnoieHifi wu AyMes- 
HHXb [BuReHIN, PabTACTHYeECKHXh, OesNOUBeHHHXb, HO xy- 
qUxb. OTO OHNO 4TO-TO BPONB HeepwyeckoH Aekopauiu, mozl- 
BBIICHHOH BH'B BpeMeHH HA UpOcTpanctsBa, 6e3b KABHXS CBASeH 
Cb OKpyxanileh xXH3HbH, Bb KOTOPOH A TONBKO yralHBalh 
YTO-TO, MOrymyee CTAaTb MHTePeCHHM, HO CXBaTATb H Odop- 
MHTb 9TOrO HHTepecHaro He Morb. Mexay TSMb, MeITH, KyDa 
A YNAIAICA OTb HAaMOBBUINXS OydHeH, OesM10RHO pacnanaaH 
Boodpaxenie, cyMMiH wu odescHIuBarH Bon. IloMaw, To 
KOra MUpHXOAHIO BpeMA BOBBPAalaTbhCA Cb STUXb xyome- 
CTBCHHHXS CeaHCOBh, A, HEOBOILHHH pesYIbTaTaMd, paso BR- 
mi OT BUAaKHOK wapH A aHTacMaropHiecKHXS BT BHIN, 
IBHHBO O6parb Becua, H MOA NORA WpotaruBana 3a Co6on 
MCLMMTCIBHHH CIB, BHOBb MOCTeHeHHO 3aTaraBaBOicaA pas- 
CkoH, BOJOPOCIAMH HA THHOH. 

VW sBorh, Bb Kulacch, rub Takb YaCTO ONBAO emle TOCKAH- 
Be WH CKY4H'Be, — MONOLOH yIMTeNb DON KOHELE ypoka packpn- 
BaeTh KHBTY Bb HOBEHLKOMB HsANHOMD epenaerTsh w HadH- 
H&aeCTbh IHTATh TAKUM IPOCTHMD FOOCOMb, TOTHO UpodOIae4rs 
CaMy OOHTeHHYN Oecbry: 

»Mapnapi# AnoN0HOBHYL CTeryHOBb—CTapHiIORb HHSeHB- 
Kit, DYXJeHbKiv, IHCHH, Cb TBOHHHMS NOXOOpOXKOMS, MATREME 
pyikaMu H NOPAOWBHM’> Opwmikoms. Ont Oo1bMIOh x1B60conb 
HM Oanaryps.... SHMy H STO XOLNTS BB DONOCATOME WIAPpors 
Ha BaT'b... JIomb y Hero cTapHHHOl NOCTpOHKH: Bb epexHes, 
Kakb CIbBlyeTb, axHeTh KBACOMb, CaJbHHMH CBBYaMH # 
Komen“... 

OTo—,,J[Ba NoMbmilnKa* 3b ,allcoRS oOxoTHHKa“. Pascras- 
qHKkb—elle MONOZ0H YeNOBBKD, TDOHYTHH ,, HOBHMH BsrislaMaA“, 
roctuTs y Mapyapia AnomnoHoBaya. Onn nooéblaaim A DbDTS 
Ha OaJIkOH'S Yai. BeaepHii BOsayXb 3aTux’d. ,,JIMMIb HepBayKa 
Bbreph Hwadbralb CTpyAMH HW Bb NocrbAHi pasb, saMupas 
OKOJO OMa, JOHECh AO CJlyxa 8BYKb MBPHHXS UW YaCTHXS 
YAapoBh, pasiaBaBuuXxca Bb HallpaBlenin KOHWMAH*. Maprapil 
- ANONNOHOBAYA, TOUbKU 4TO ToqHecmii KO PTY O6ANZeIKO Cb 


* 





MCTOPIS MOEFO COBPEMEHHBEA. 177 


YaeM'b,— OCTAHABIHBAeTCH, KUBAeCTL TONOROK WH Cb Do6pok yaH6- 
KOH HAaWHH&eETh BTOPUTS yapaMs: 

— YUnra-i0ku-wrp! Wnorn-yprs! Yorn-IwKs! 

OkashBaeTCa, Ha KOHNINHB ChEYTE ,WalyHumKy“ G6yder- 
YHKa, 4eJIOBBRa Cb OOJbOIMMH OakenOapAaMy, HesaBHO elle Bb 
JONTONOIOM COPTYKSH UpPvcHyRuBaBMAaro 8a CTONOMD... JIMIO 
y Mapnapia AnonmoHoBHYa nO6poe. ,,Camoe mo0TOe Heroqosanie 
He YCTOAIO 6H MpOTUBE ero ACHArO H KPOTKaro Baopa“, a Ha 
BH'B3'5 43h DepeBHU PasCKkasiHK'd BCTPByaeTd H camaro ,,Waly- 

_HMDIKY“: OHB BUeTh NO yA, AYOMMTh CBMCIKH H Ha BO- 
Ipoch, 38 4TO CFO HakasadH, OTBBIaeTL Mpocro: 

— A noxbiomt, OaTomka, noxbuomb! Y Hach mo nycta- 
KaMb HE HakasHBawTb... Y Hach OapHy... Takoro O6apHHa BO 
BceH ry6epHin He CHIE. 

ABieBS KOWTATS HOCABAHDD Ppasy: , BoTh OHAa—CTapag-TO 
Pycb“—cpenu riy6ovaiiie THIIMHH Bb saTaBBIeMh JHxavie 
Ruacch. darbMb OBS CKasasb g’BCKONIbKO, OUATh OYeHE Opo- 
CTHXb, CHOBb O KpBUOCTHOMB UpaBb Hw 06b yaacb camaro 
»lOpsyka“, pH KOTOPOMb BO3MOXHO 3TO ABYCTOPOHHee paBHo- 
“yilie. SBOHORDS Caperis, ONT MORECTH, BS DePpBNH pasb upo- 
SBYIaAIb IA HaCh HEOMMTAHHO H HeNPIATHO. 

Bb oTOTbh Jeb A YHOCHIS H3b THMHAsIN OrPOMHOe H HOBOe 
BoeyaTrbuie. [Ipoctua copa, HMeHHO TB, Kakid MOCTOSHHO 
CIHMIHOIb Bh MH3HH, WpocToe yTepie Cb BHpaeHieME ecTe- 
CTBCHHOK pasroBopHod pbiw—H 38a BCBMB 9THMDb HAcTpoeHie 
OFpoMHOH ApaMH, Bb KOTOpOH ToNNATCA OesIHCNeHHHA CIeHH, 
PErypH, 90H800H BAWbeHaro u epexutaro... Takb ITO MpocTok 
KOPOTKIM pascka3b He MOET BMBCTHTS BHSBAaHHOM AMD Bepe- 
HHH O6pasost... 

Y MCHA OHIS DAMA ,KanuTanb“, 0 KOTOPOMS UpuyeTca eme 
CKasaTb BUOCIBACTBIH. OTO ONS YAOBBKE DOOpHH, BeceINH 
H Oo7b0I0H jHMOpuCcTS. H onako, y Hach DepezaBanu menor- 
KOMb, TO, Hesaloliro mo ocBodoxmeHnif KpeCTbAHb, OHS 
O]JH@KIb NpHKasalb OO1HBaTh BOOM HaUMBMarocd OIOTHHKA, 
romaro, H&a ekaOpbCKoMb MOpO3sB. OTOTh AM3HEHHNU PakTh 
CTOANS Bb MOCMB BOOOpaseHil, NONHNM COBepmMeHHO HeENpaMU- 
PRMHXD opoTuBop sail. Ecnu sTo mpabyza,—tTo BbAb STOTbh MOH 
AWA OMKeCHS OHTH MOX0Kb Ha DOMBOUKa Jlemlepta, 3aBbyo- 
Maro MYWHTeIA WH 30a. A Mexay ThM'b, OH BeCeJINH CcTa- 
PHK®, OTIMIHO pasckasHBaWUli 3aHHMAaTeIbHHA Be. 3SHa- 
GHuTb—HenpaBaa. Ho, Ha MOH BONpOCS, Ofna U3b ero AOVepeH 
rycto okpacHbia VW e7Ba CJINUIHHMS, ACIYrakHHMb MmMoll0- 
TOMB Ckasata: ,lipapna!..“ H, BooOapokb, A He pas BUbIb 

| ‘oro xe WIOTHHKa Kapodid, CAaMHMb MHPOJNOHBHMDS o06pasom', 
| flake BOOIHB Apysecku o6cyxyaBllaro ch ,kaluTanomD“ 
Pespaan. Orabar |. , 12 


178 BA. KOPOARHK). 


BONPOCH 0 HALIYIMeEMb yCTPOHCTBS ,,KYIAaKOBL“ iia MecTepau 
Bb HOBOM MeNBHHLB... 

Tellepb 9T0 ,YOKH-INKB! YOKH-IORH-IOKBI“—cpasy oOBAC- 
HHO MHS STO NPOTHBOphYje, CMMBD NPOTABONONORAHA YepTH 
Bb OHH IBIBHHH O6paas. 

— UTo BH, MONOR0H YenoBbEb, yTO BHY—ToBopuTs y Typ- 
reHespa Mapnapifi AnoMOHOBATS, KayaAd FoOBoH:—UHTOo 4, 310- 
WhH, ITO WH, ITO BH HA MEHA TAKb YCTAaBHNHCh? 

Ms NOTYBCTBOBAIS, ITO AANA MOH TORe He 307 bH, HO ITO 
BC@-TAaKH... OHb HECOMH'BHAHO O61HBaTE Kapora BoxOH Ha MOpOsB. 
KM Kaponmb He DHTaeTh UpOTHBb Hero HH 306H, HH Herojo- 
BaHia. A BO MHB 9TO HeroxoBanie RONHXaNIOCh Tellepb, Kakb 
TYIa, 38 IPOCTHMH BUeWTABHIAMH STHXS RHTEHCKUXD KAPTHHh, 
HerofoBpaHie yxe He IPOTHBL AWeH, a UPOTABS UXb OTHOME- 
Hii. BBpoxtHo, A H 93TOTO Torma eme He BHPasHIb OH Bb 
ACHHXD NOPMICCKHXD NOHATIAXD, HO Bb BUS OOpasa H HACTpoe- 
Hil y MCHA HMECHHO TOIa POMMI0Ch UpelcTaBNeHie 0 HpaBCTBeH- 
HOCTH OTA BIBHHXE eH WH HpPaBCTBeHHOCTH MopayKa, yupe- 
RACH, CTPOA KHSHL... 

Takoso OHIO ,HacTpoeHie*, KoTOpOe COCTABIANO oHb AAA 
XYOMECTBEHHHXS O6Pas0Bh yBeKaBlleH Hach TOrMMa WHTepa- 
TYpH. Cr0Ba H O6pa3sH ONIH NpPOCTH, Open bieHHH HW ACHH, 
HacTpoeHie COKHO, FIyYOOKO H DAOMOTBOPHO, NOTOMY ITO Ifpo- 
TATHBANOCh Bb ruy6okiaA Wastw caMou xH3HH. 

Cb oTOro AHA XYJoOxRecTBeHHAA WHTepaTypa Mepecrana OTS 
Bb MOHX'D T'Hasaxh TOKO pasBieqeHieMh, a CTasia yBleKa- 
TCIbHHMb H C€pbesHHMS BIOMb. OTO, KOHCYHO, HYXHO OTHE- 

‘cTH 4H HacueTh caMoH smHTepaTypH, Ho ABgiesb cymbirb 
BLIKCUL H pasLyTb 9TH AYOICBHHA 9MOUIM Cpasy Bb ApRIA 10- 
mapb. Y Hero ONO HHCTHRRTMBHOC YYTbe HHAOCTH H—TAaNaHTs. 
Cb DepBHXb MaroBb OHS 3aXBaTHIb Hall HesaTpoHyTHe 
elje YMH, H BCe ye, ITO OHB YATANb, TOBOPAID HW WhraTb 
Cb ThXb opt, upio6pbrano Bb Halluxh rasaxtb ocobenHoe 
aHaveHie. Hctopia auTeparypH, cb noyyeHiama MonomMaxa 
TIMCbMaMy SaTOYHHKAa,—BHCTY Nasa 3b CBOero TYMaHHAaLo OTAaTwe- 
Hid, KAKb UpeMeTh 8HadHTeIbHHA H BaxKHHH, OpradWyeckH Mon- 
POTOBIABMIM rpaAtymia oTKposeHia ,Ca0Ba", a kKopoTeHbRie 
JMBeCPTHCMeCHTH Bb KOAL'B ypokosh, Korga ABgieBb packpH- 
Bab IpHHeceHHyW Cb co6oH KHAHrY H NPOYHTHBaNIb OTPH- 
BOKb, CUeHY, CTHXOTBOPeHie,—cTaiH DNA Hach NOTpeOHOCcThE. 
YuTarb OHB MACTEPCKH, H, PiarHoe, BL ero YTeHiM HHKOrAAa HE 
SYBCTBOBAIOCh HCKYCcTBeHHOCTH. HaqnHanoch OHO BCerga IIpo- 
CTO, H Mbt He sambaasu, Kakb, rib, Bb KaKOMS MBCTB ABrieRS 
Hepexoqub Kb Madhocy, NOTpaAcaBMieMy Hach, KakKb PAIS 
QIEKTPHICCKHXS YapowBb, HAW Kb KOMHSMY, 8aCTABIABILLEMY 
KiacCh OTh JIYMIM XOXxoTaTb. Oco6eHHO NNOHTb OHb IHTATL 





HCTOPIA MOETO COBPEMEHHHKA. 179 


Herpacosa, H BoocIrbactTsin A yxe HAKOra He CAHXaTb TAaKOrO 
TTOHIA. 

Beropb Mexpy AB TieBHMS H HAMA 8aBA8QIHCh Gombe Thc- 
HHA OTHOMeHIA. OHD UpHriamarb Hach KB ce6b, yromaxb 
TaeMBL 38 CBOHMb XOJOCTHMb CTONOM®, H BCerqa HepmRars cebn 
Mpocto, ApysxeckH wu Becenro. H aybcb ODATD MH HHKOIAa He 
FV BCTBOBAIH MpetnHaMbpeHHocTa WH AWWAaKTU3Ma: Jerkad MyTKa 
H BOMpOCh OTONBKO YTO NPOIHTAHHOH KBMb-HHOYA W3b HAaCd 
HopbcTa Typrenesa, [lucemckaro, [onyaposa, Ilomanoscraro, 
cTHxoTBopeHia Hexpacosa, HukuTana unu Ulepyenka cnueta- 
AHCh O2HHAKOBO HelpHHyatyenHo... JIo cuxb nopd Bb Ayors 
moeH, KaRb apOMaTS UBBTKAa, COXPaHHIOCh oco6oe omyuenie, 
KoTOpoe A YHOCHIS cb co6ok, BOsBpaniaach H3b KBaPTAPH 
ApieBa TeCMHHMH OCeCHHHMH BevepaMH,—olylleHie N06BH, 
YBaxkeHiA, MONORZ0H panoctH packphBaNmaroca yMa u Onaro- 
HapHoOcTH 38a STY payocre... 

Ona, BOSBPAaACh DOB TakKHMH BMeYTABHIAMH Kb 
ce6OB WcoBbh OKONO 9-TH, A BAPYIb HATKHYJICA HA HHACHeRTOpa, 
KOTOPHH Bh DepeynkKS BHe3alHO OCBBTMIb MOC JHNO CBOUMS 
OTawHHMb *oHapHKoM’b. Mena wa MrHOoBeHie OO6fan0 TOTHO 
Runatkomb. Ho A we HCHyrasichH, He UHTAICH YBePHYTbCA H 
yObueatTb, XOTA MOIB-OH, Tak’b Kakb Depeqo MHOW 3apanbe 
pHcospanach Bb TeMHOTSH BHCOKaA, TOUHO UHHH cTONOS, 
urypa upw6suxaBoaroca sikospa Crenanosuya... ToMHW, 4TO 
MHB 6HAO CTpaHHO H OCaMHO, TOYHO A AO 9TOLO MIHOBeHIA 
BCe ele OCTaBaJICA Bb CBBTI0H KoMHATES, a Tellepbh HeoOKALaHHO 
OYYTHICA Bh TPA3HOMb H TeEMHOMB NepeyKB nepenysb Has0ii- 
AHBHMD BHXOQUeCMb M38b Apyroro Mipa. [lopunquNomMy, Bb BHpAa- 
#KeHiM MOCTO HUA OHNO 4TO-TO, YRHBUBIUee HACHIeKTOpa. OHS 
ONMKe IPHABHHYAb oOHapHRb, BHAMATCIbHO BCMOTPBICA Bb 
MCHA H CUPOCHIE: 

— Yo BH? 

— Huvyero, Axosb CrenanoBat. 

— Orryna? 

— Ors Beniamavya Bacusbesaya. OTHOCHIS RAAry. 

— A! 

Mont yilerh, OCTaBIAa BO MHB BieyaTrbuie Kakoro-To 
MMHMONeTHaArO COHHArO NpHapaka. 

Hukorga oTb ABlieBa MH He CANDIAIH HH OHOrO HaMeka 

H& wally ,CHCTeMy“ HAH Ha HEHOPMaJIbHOCTH THMHasHdeCcKaro 
cTpos. Ho T0, ITO OHB Aapanh, OHNO, WOKaNyH, CHAbHbe Opa- 
MOM KpuTuKH. Bo Mab, HalpHM pt, Ob BH3HBAIb COBeEPMIeHHO 
ocOoOHi AyWeBHHH cTpou, KOTOPHH CBOHMb eCTeCTBCEHHHME 
He TIpexHaMBpeHHHMD KOHTpacTOMb OTTSHANS H NOAEPKHBaTb 
OOHIIANM cTpPOl THMHasHyeCKOl wKH3HH. 

Ilo BpeMeHaMt ABeBD, O1HAKO, IpOAOIKaNb UAT. OLHAKAM 

12* 


180 Bi. KOPOARHEO. 


erO BHBOIH H8b Kily6a, ryB OND HAYA TOBOPHTh nocbratTe— 
JIAMb—OUCHS BECCINA, IpaBya—pepsocru. Coayana, Korma LbIO 
KacaNOCh OTABAbHHXD JMUS,—OCTAIbHHE XOXOTAIH; HO 3aTBMB 
Okasaloch, YTO y 9TOFrO OCTPOYMHAro MbSHAaro KpacaBla OHIS 
HeEuCIepnaeMHH salach OCTpoTh H KanaMOypoBb Now DIA 
Kaxyaro Bb OTABILHOCTH H DIA BCBXS BMBCTB. OTO BH3BAaNO 
o6mee HerofoBaHie, U ABieBAa BHIIPOBOXHIH; HO H IPH STOMB 
OH BeIb ce6a TaKb 320aBHO, ITO H CTaPOIBHH, 4 Ny6lHKAa 
XOXOTAJIH, &@ Ha clbaAyoulil eHb, Kak CTAad TANS, paszers- 
much 10 ropoky ero XapakTepHcTuUKH H kayaMOypH... A eme 
yepe3b HBCKONLKO WHeH, Bb OnnKaHWI KIYOHHH Berept, OH. 
OUATh ABHJICA, KAKb HH Bb YeMS He OHBANO, USANIHHH, YMHHM, 
cepbesHHH, H—HHKTO He NOCMBIb HAaNOMHATh 0 HeAaBHeMh 
cKanfarb... Ha ryHHbaxb Bb ACHHC JHH, Kora ,,BECh ropor'h“ 
BHXOAUIB H&a MOCCe, IHHHO IPOryTHBaACch ,,3& WilardayMoMb~,. 
ABLleBL WepexOAHIb OTh ODHOK py Kb Apyroli, H BCWAY 
ero BCTpbialH UPHBSTIHBO, Kakb odOmjaro dapopuTa. lame 
BCB OHA OTB HELO Bb BOCTOPrb—Bb OTHOMEHIM Kb HUM OB 
HHKOrAa He 3a0HBaJICd Jake IbAHNH,—a MYXIBHH CTapadBCc, 
Ba0HTb ero BHXOKH. | 

— YUro abuats! Yenonbeb Ch CaTHpHIeCKHMB HallpabHe- 
Hiemwb ya, — CKasalB po Hero KTO-TO, KaKeTCA, BOKHHCRIM 
HavaIbHuKkb, KeHY KOTOparo ABMeBb CIMTANIb OFeHb Kpacw- 
BOH H yYMHOU,—H DPOBHEialbHHH Yopoyb UPHHANS eTy CceH- 
TeHHiW, KAKS CBOerO pOAa MaTeHTh, YsakOHABI MopeseHie 
unTepecHaro yaHTeia. JipyromMb, KOHEYHO, CIYCTHTL TOFO, ATO 
citycKkasioch AByieBy, 6bJI0-6H HeBOsMO*KHO. Ho BhAb 9TH Apy- 
rie H He MOIIH OH cybuaTb BCe 9TO Takb CMBIO, BeCehHO 
octpoyMmHo. YenoBbky cb ,CaTHpHIeCCKUMS HalpaBleniemb yma‘ 
Bce 98TO Kakb-OH DOuaranocb no mitaTy... Bce oT0, pasy- 
mBbeTca, Bb MaJCHbKOMS PTOPOAMMIKS CTAHOBHAOCh B8BSCTHEMS 
HM, KOHEYHO, AOXOMMNO TO TUMHASHCTOBD. YYCHHRH Lepelabana 
0 CKaHwalaxh 0 pasckazaMb KIyYOHHXb OYeBAANeEBE HW Ch 
YHOBONLCTBICM) NOBTOPANIM OCTPOTH H KauaMOypH CcBOero 
mnouMua. Mab Tome nopolt Kasao0ch, ITO 9TO 3AHHMATEIbHO 
KpacHBO, H HHOM pasb A ake MeITATb O TOMS, ITO Korya- 
HHOyob H A OYAY TakHMb-xKe yB3lHHME CAaTHPHKOMb, KOTO- 
paro O2HH OoaTca, Apyrie 1N6AaTb, H BCh, Bb CYUHOCTH, y Ba- 
KAaWTb 8&8 TO, ITO OHS HUKOTO caMb He OOHTCA H MeBeHHTh 
pemaumee OO0TO CBOHMH BHXofKamMH. Ho emule yale MeMMIIO 
Bb WymIb Kakoe-To cuoxHOe omlymenie. SI He MOrb UPHME- 
PBTbCA Cb MHCHEO, ITO ABDiebBaA—,,BHBOAHIM “3b K1yOa“, mw 
MHOrie CYHTANWTD ce6a BUPaBB HasHBaTb ero TbAHHIeH. 

OTHaKTIH OH ast MHS dWTaTb Ilucemckaro. KEcTh y 3TOFO 
NWHCaTeA O1Ha NOBKCTA, MeHBe APYTUXb YOOMHHACMad KRPUTH- 
KOH HM 3a0HTad 4HTaWMel my6IMKO, HO KoTOpad Torga Mpe— 





HCTOPIA MOETO COBPEMEHHHEA., 181 


wapela Ha MeHA O4eHb ApKoe BuoeyaTrbuie. HasHBaetca ona 
»M-sicur baTmMaHoBb* H H206paxxaeTh GeNOBbKa CD ,,WApoOKoK 
HaTy pol“, KpacwBaro, SKCLEHTPAIHALO, OCTPOYMHAarO, ,He UpH- 
sHaNmaro ycnoBHocTei*. OHb Donaqacrh 8b CTOUHIW Bb 
HeOONbIIOH ryOepHCRif Topons'b, oYapOBHBaeTh BCe OOMeCTBO, 
ROTOpoe CaMb OTKPHTO WpesnpaeTs, rOBOpuTs Aepsoctu ryS6epH- 
CKUMb MarsataMb H UponsBoyuTb 6owbe ww MeHbe sadaBHHe 
ae6omu. Ero m06HTh yMHad H KpachBad mMenmHHAa. OHS KAaRt . 
6GyTO IWOMTB ee Takme, HO OHH BCC-TAKH pacXOJATCA Ha- 
Beerga: Mocbe baTMaHOBD He MOMeETH NOAYMATS 6e3b OTBpalle- 
Hid O 3Q8KOHHOME O6pakB 4 J06BH OO o6asaHHocTH. Y MeHA 
gaMHpalo cepaie, Korga A YHTaNb ocrbgHee o6bacHenie 
BatTMaHosa Cb JINOAMOHK KCHOIMHOH P'b-T0, KaxeTCA, Bb TEATPAJIb- 
HOH Jomb. A we copchmb UOHHMAT, ITO HMeCHHO 38aCTABHIO 
HXB pasoiitucs, Ho kab Rasanoch, ITO TO, H3'b-38a Gero Tako 
YMHHH WHOBBKS OTKASHBaeTCA OTb JINOBH HM CYACThA, TOUKHO 
6HTb TOKE OCHS YMHO, BOSBHIICHHO H BamHO. Cb Thx Ops 
A He DepedsTHBarbs TOM DOBBCTH UM He MOry Tenepb PBOIATD 
4TO TYTb, COOCTBEHHO, CNOCO6CTBOBaIO OCO6eHHOM APKOCTH H 
CHIB BUeCHaTIBHIA: APKOCTS camaro O6pasa HH TO O6CTOATeIb- 
CTBO, ITO 38 OOHKOMD BaTMaHoBa A TOACTABUITb Bb BoOdpa- 
ReHid OPHTHHAbHoe NHVO AO6MMArO YIHTEIA, Cb ero TOHKOK 
YIHOKOH, BapasHTeIbHHMS CMBXOMS U DOpolt BAKHM'S, HO Yale 
6aroqyMIHO-KpacHBHM® ocTpoyMiemsb. Kakb Hw baTMaHoBt, OH'b 
BHVBIAICA p'b3sKAMb DATHOMD Ha TYCKIOMDS MpPOBUHWlaIbHOwh 
orb, rolopok BHme BCBXb okpyxawmuxs. Kart u batMa- 
HOBb, He Ooaca oO6mjaro MHBHIiA; HAKOHeLb, KakS WY Bar- 
MAHOBA, MHS TYLMIACh 38 BCBMD 9STHM' Kakad-TO paMa, Ty mes- 
Had O0b, HENOHATHHH OTKasb OTh CIaACThA H3b-3& HeACHHXS 
JHA MeHA, HO, KOHEYHO, BOZBHIMeCHHHXD Nobyxenuii... 
Konyaetca nopbcTs I[ucemMckKaro HeomxuyaHHOH cueHKod. 
' Bb kakomMb-TO cHOupCKOMB YToponxkKb MBCTHNe KYU -30J0TO- 
HIPOMHIMJICHHHKH BCTPBiawTs Upibaxaro canoBHuka. Buepesu 
Wellytallit Cb XWB6OMB-CONLW CTOHTS AOPOTHHA KPACHBHL YeI0- 
BBEb, Cb DIMPOKoOH Goposov, Bb CHOHPKS 48h TOHKALO CYRHA 
4 BD BHCOKHXD caloraxh OypakaMH. CaHOBHHKS Cb HBROTO- 
PHM yuBIeHieMb y3HaeTh Bb HEM CTaparo sHakoMaro,— 
m-cbe BatManosa. ,/la, TBM TOJBKO He KOMGWAIOCh pyCcKoe 
pasouaposanie!*—sambiaeTh Bb sakmnuenie [lucemcrili. O6aa- 
wie ®urypH BaTmanopa H efo MpeAHTyOAXb MOABATOBB Ha 
MOH HeEOIHTHHH Bb KPMTUKB yYMb OHIO TaKb BeNHKO, ITO A 
KAK‘b-TO copepmleHHoO He OOpaTHTb BHUMAHIA Ha 9TO CaTHpH- 
geckoe 3akiNyeHle. 
OqHaxAH, Korma A UpHHecb ABieBy KakyW-TO MpounTAad- 
HYD KAHTY, OHb OCTAHOBUIS MCHA, H MH PasrOBOPHIUCh Kakb- 
770 0C06eHHO samy MeBHO. Boo6mie, A yxe CTarb TOrWa OJHHMB 


182 BX. KOPOZEHKO. 


H3b JNOOHMHXS CFO YICHHKOBD, H TOpoK Hamm 6GecbaH UpE- 
HHM@JIM OTTBHORS cBoecdpasHoH ApyxR6N BSpocnaro WeIOBBKA 
MW WHOM, 10TH Manbanka. He NOMHN, Cb Fro HAIAJICA BTOTH 
PasroBops, HO 8aTBMb OHS CUPOCHIb,—He CIyWaeTCA-1Bn MHS 
BCTPBiaTb BL JHTepaTyps Koro- HH6yAb M38b 3HaKOMHXD. SH 
cKaszalib 0 TOM, KaRKb Mapzapi AnonnoHoBHYb CTeryHoBh 
3aCTAaBHIb MCHA BCOOMHHTS 0 MOCMb ASI'b-KalHTaHb, XOTA, Bb 
CYNIHOCTH, OHM APyrb Ha Apyra He noOxomeH. OHS BHCAYMAaTE 
STY Tapasieib Cb HHTeEPeCOMb H BAPYI MpeANORAID BOUPOC: 

— Hy, & & MoxomRD Ha KOLO-HHOYOb 8b STUXE Tocnorge 

— BH...—OTBBTHIb 4, HBCKOIDKO 3acTbHyHBO,—y Ilacem- 
ckaro: Mocbe BatTMaHoBD. 

ABrieBb YOIHBIeCHHO NOBepHYJICA Ha Kpecrb H Ckasarb Cb 
HeHOyYM'BHIeM: 

— Bat-ma-Hops? CrpanHo. Bs semtb-xé CXONCTBO? 

Jl TOUYBCTBOBAD ce6a Bb 3aTpyaneHin. Uto ckasaTh, Bb 
CaMOMDB bb, Ha STOTH BONPOCL: Bb CKaHTaNaxb WH OCTPOyM- 
HHXb kKalaM6ypaxb? daMBrHBb Moe 3aTpyaHeHie HW CKOH@y- 
REHHOCTL,—OHb 3aCM'BAJICA H CIIPOCHIB: 

— A Batmanosth 9ToTbh BaMb HpaBATca? 

— Jia. 

OH IPOTAHYNb PYKY, BEANE CO CTONa KABTY H, pasBepTH- 
Bah ee, CUPOCHIB: 

— Jia BH OUnTaIH 70 Kona? 

— Jlowtars. Uto-x+, KoHenb? MomHo-6H 8akOHIETh HHade... 

— Bu pymaete? Hy, ubrs. Bb 9sToMb YYBCTBYeTCA XYKO- 
KECTBCHHAaAA papaya. Mxave OHNO OW ONATL Bb TOMB-Ke POW. 

OD WpoveNb BaKIINYWTeNbHYIO CUeHKY BUNOTh 10 HPOHH- 
Geckaro BOCKIHOaHIA O PYCCKOMB pasoyapoBabil HW CKasarb: 
| — H 4To TONbKO BaMb DoHpaBHNocs? MeyxopuHcTrBypmnik 

6esqBILHHRD “3b WBopaub... Ho cb [leyopuHyMu, OaTworKa, 
W'bI0 WaBRO MoKOHYeHO. Bb AuTepaTypHoH YBapwin oHH yare 
PasKaIOBaHH Bb HHBAJIHAHYW KOMAHLY,—H Tellepb pasBb rap- 
HH3OHHHe O*PHLEPH UpertbuanTh yb3qHHXh OaphileHb Teyo- 
PHHCKUM®D ,pasoyapoBaniemb“. BaNMb BOTb KOHEITS He HOHpa- 
BHICH... OTO 3HAXHTb, ITO BH Y Bach, Trocnwowa HMHachHCTH, 
BRYCH elle HeMHOPO... TapHH30HHHe... Howel'b-TO Kakb pas 
noka3shBaeTb, ITO LwcemMckii wacTOAMit XY MOXHKD. 

Al YYBCTBOBaN® ce6A CoOBepMIeHHO CKOHyYReHRHMS TEMS 
O6CTOATEJIECTBOMb, YTO CpaBHHAb ABfiepa cb rapHH3s0HHHiks 
TleqopHHHMt, H, AOKHO OHTb, CHIbHO DoKpacHbars. ABsienE 
3aMBTHIB 9TO H BIPYIb, OTKHHYBB TOHOBY, | SaHICH CBOHM'S 
3BCHAIIUMB CM'BXOM'S. 

— A! Bors ono 4TO! KakeTca, NOHHMaN,—CKasanrb OBb.— 
Hy, wuyero, HHYero, HO KpacH bite! Ho BIB 8TO CXOMCTBO 
TOIbKO WOBepxHocTHoe. baTMaHOBd Opexse Bcero OapHHh, CKy- 





HCTOPIA MOETO COBPEMEHHHEA. 1838 


Gabi orb 6earbupa. Hy, a a pasHOoduHenS H padoTHuK’. H 
KAKeTCH... 

OHS OATH BaYIAHYIb Ha MCHA H UpHOaBHNb Cepbe3sHHMS 
TOHOM?D: 

— H, Raxetca, pasoTHHkKb Bb CBOeME bb He AypHoH. 

OHS OTKHHYICA BL Kpecrb-Kayaikb, HBCKONbKO BpeMeHH 
MOJWA NOKAHBaAICA, TIAA Depexb co6ok. daTbMb OATH Ipo- 
TAHYID PYKY KB NONKS Cb KHBTAMy. 

— ,OaTHiibe* BH WHTaIH?—CHpPOCHIb OD. — 

— Unranrs. 

OHB packpHrb Typrenesa 4, NepeKHHYBS HBCKONLKO JIMCT- 
KOBb, 1povesb TpoMko: 

»Mappa IlapnoBHa ONATh B8rAayia Ha mero. 

»BH yBBpsete, ITO ciymaerech MeHd... 

* Koneano, CY M1awcb. 

“Cary maerecs? A BOTb CKOJIbKO pas A Bach MpocwJa... 
He IHTb BHA. 

7 OE 3aCM BACH. 

»OXd Mama, Mama! H pu tyna-xe... J]a, BO-DepBHXh, A 
BOBCe He IbAHUMA, 8, BO-BTOPHXb, 3HaeTe-H, WIA Yero A Ub. 
IlocMoTpHTe-Ka BOTS Ha oOTY MacTouKy... BugutTe, Kakb Ona 
CMBIO pactopsaKaeTcA CBOHMb MAJICHbKRAMb THIOMb,—KyDa 
xXOUeTH, TYIa ero Mu O6pocnTs... Bon B3aBANACh, BOHS yHapy- 
Nach KHH3y, Wake BsBH3arHyJa OTS pagocTs, cinmuTe? Takb 
BOTS JIA Yero A bw, Mama, wro6H ACHHTaTh Th CaMHA OMLy- 
ImeHif, KOTOPHA UCONTHBaeTh 9Ta sacrouka... Ulpwpal cea, 
Kywa Xovellb, NeTH, Kya BalyMaerTca... 

— Bepersess!—crazanb a panocrao. BepeTbeBh MHS ToRe 
O4OHE HPABHICH H TOmMe OTIACTH HanoMHHaAND ABAleba: Mpe- 
BOCXOQHO YATANb CTHXH, TOBOpHIb nowsAky AcTaxopy Henpisr- 
HY) Upably Bb iasa H — TAKb KpacHBo ,MIBHPATS ceos, 
TOW06HO ZacTourb“. Ho Ha 9STOTE pasb A TOTIACh-Ke BCIIO- 
MHWTb KOHEIS HW Ckasadb QOBONEHO YHHIO: 

— A Konaaers Toe D0Xx0. 

— QOueHb M0X0,—ckasans AByiepb.—Jlactouka, WacTouRA, 
& Bb KOHILB... rociooqHHS Bb NOHOMIEHHOMS HCMaHCKOM® iar, 
Cb Cilerka ONIHBOIMMM TilasaMH HW KpalleHHMH ycaMu. dHaeTe 
4TO,—HHKOrNa He MeliTe, H YraaBHOoe—He HawHHalite. Hu usb 
YHaIbcTBa, HH WIA TOPO, ITO6Ob ONT WacTOUKoH. SaloMHAUTe 
BH STOTh MOM COBBTE, Korma CTaHeTe CTYMeHTOMb? 

— dalloMHn, BeniaMuub BacnwbeBpuybh,—OTBBTHIb A Cb 
BOJIHeCHieMh H 3aTbMb, M10 BHesallHOMY noéyxneHin, NOWHAIS 
Ha Hero raza, HO He PBIIBICA BHCKasaTh BCTABIMK Bb yM'b 
BOUpoch. Ob, BBPOATHO, TNOHATS, NOTAHYICA Bb Kpecib 
OHICTPO BCTarb Ha HOrH. 

— fla,—ckasarb onb:—,,1acTodka* —aTo y Typrenesa 3am'b- 


184 BX. KOPOAEHKO. 


YaTebHO BSpPHO; HO KpalleHWe ycu... 6Oppp. H sBoodme crsep- 
HOCTb. OTH NONETH HYKHO YMBTb OCTAHOBHTb BO-BpeMa... 

OTO OHJIb KOCBEHHHH OTBBTS Ha MOH OesMOJBHHH BOIpOCt... 
OHS Upomenca no KOMHAaTb, NOTOMS ODATS ChB HW sakatasca, 
CMBACh, & A, OOONPCHHNH oTMM'b, PBUWICA eme Ha ONHHS 
BOIIPOCE: 

— [Ipapya... BH *xeHHTeCh? 

OHb Cb YIHOKOW, Hckoca, BSP LAYS Ha MCHA H CUPOCETS, 
Bb CBOW O¥epelB: 

— Ha Kom? 

— Ha Jl... 

— A BH 6H MBB 9TOrO Kean? 

— Jla, ovens... 

— Hcrpeno? 

— Uckpenno,—oTsbIunb a cb yObxyeniems. 

OHS B8aX0X0TATh Kakb-TO COBCBMB MN0-XBTCRH H T0TOMS 
CKa8ab: 

— OugeHb TpoHyTB...Ho... Ja 6yneTb Bam’ Kpacwbrs-To! Hbrs, 
He XKeHDCB... 

A, WBACTBUTOIDHO, NOKPACHBIb, LOURHO OHTb, 10 KOPHA B0- 
m0cb. JI bI0 Bb TOMB, ITO Bb 8TO BPeMA A CaMb ONL BID- 
61eHb H HMCHHO Bb Ty CAMYH UZBBYIIKY, 0 KOTOPOH Bb ropoys 
Hadad MOrOBapHBaTb, Kakb 0 MpesuonaraemoH HeBbCTB AB- 
Mesa. Cryxb 3TOTh CHaiana 6OJbHO DOpashsb MOe BAWOAeHHOe 
cepaue, HO 3aTbMb A UPHMHPHICA Cb MHCJBN, ITO Ona OyTerb 
meHoK Apmiepa, H ITO TOrZa OHS 6pocuTS DuTb. Moe AoBombHO 
TOWBHRKHOe BOOOpaxKeHie PHCOBAIO MH'B H4 OTOMD, OHS pasHHsA 
Combe WH Mente KpacHBHA KapTHHW. Yepesb MHOro BTS 4, 
HORHIOH Ww OMHORIM, TAK Kakb OCTasIcA BLPeHb CBOeMY TYB- 
CTBY, NocbmujaW, DocTb pasHHXxb 6ypHHXb CKATAHIN 00 CBBTy, 
HXb CUAaCTIMBYW ceMbW. H TONLKO TOrAa OHS ysHaerb Tay 
MoeH JNOBH H MOCTO CAaMOOTBepxKeHIA H TO, KAKYH OrpoMHyW 
KEPTBY IPHHECh eMy TOPAYO INOHBIMM ero yIeHURE... 

Tenepb DeperuBiaTHH cmbxb AsBieBa CHYrHyIb BCB 9TH 
antasin. Ha sTOTh pasb A DOKpacHBIUb OTTOrO, ITO MOTYB- 
CTBOBATb HXb pe6sAGecTBO H... BCIOMHHIb Cpasy, ITO, Bb CyM- 
HOCTH, BeHKOTyoe MOe€ OHNO FOBONBHO emeBaro CBOHCTBA, 
TaKb Kakb, H 6e3b ABieBAa, MOH WIAHCH OJ OYeCHb WHOXH... 
PealusMb OTBOCBHBaIb H TYTh MBCTO y CaHTHMCHTAIbHO-paH- 
TACTHUCCKOH ApaMH... 

Pycckax® omucatTereH « Oparb y ABLieBa O2HOrO 3a APyTuMs 
KH WHTaIb samoemb. Yacto Mu’ Kasasl0cb, ITO BCe 9TO, Bb CYI- 
HOCTH, TOJBKO BCKPHBaeTh HW OCBBMAeTh MHCIA UB O6pasH, KO- 
TOPHe aBHO yxKe CTOAIM TYMaHHOM TOMMOK BS riyOuHb Moero 
co6cTBeHHaro Mosra. Kaxdnii ypokb CIOBeCHOCTH ABIAICA CBBT- 
JTHMb IPOM@KYTKOME H& TYCKNOMB Mou, oOOnsaTeIbHOH THM- 


HCTOPIS. MOEfO COBPEMEHHHKa. 185 


Ha3swaeckoH PYTHHH, WACOM OTAIHXA, Hacwawebis, HeOmATaH- 
HHXb HW APKAXS Biewatrbuit. Sacro f name m0 yTpaMb mpo- 
CHICA Cb HeO*POPMACHHHMS OMUyIeHi¢ME KakOH-TO pazocrH. 
A, 3TO—CeroqHA YPOKS CuoBecHoctu! 

OnHaxiH Ha YH sBeyepomMb a BcTpbrunp Asziesa. 
OHNE WeNb DONG PYKY Cb KaRHME-TO MOJONINME YeNOBHKOMS, 
HBCRONBKO cTapiie MeHA, Ch OKXHHME UpOPuNeMB AH YepHHMH 
KYAPABHMH BON0CaMH. SI yRe BUABIb ero paHbille. OTO OHIB 
Tappuio Kafinanosb, HelaBHO IpibxaBmilt Bb Hallb Topo, 
YroOH MOCTYNATS Bb OAH UBb CTAPUIAXS KIACCOBh TUMAasil. 
OHS IPHXOAHAICA POACTBeEHHAKOMS yiuTeIw THCY H Rep xRasca 
BaNpocTO Bb YINTeILCKOH KOMDAaHIH. IVTO DAha0 ero Bb MOMXS 
riazaxb ThMb-TO BHCIUHMb, ThMb MH, OBAWATH-YICHHRA Bb 
BaCTCrHYTHXS MYHIMPAaX, Cb BBIBON onacKoit Tepeyb HavaJib- 
CTBOMb. BcTpBruBb MeHA Y OMHOKaro MowapA wa yray, AB- 
HieBL OCTAHOBHJICA H CKaBass: 

— A! dro BH. Xorute, Ko MHS nuTb Yai? Bors KcTaTu, 0- 
SHAKOMBTeCh: Kaliganopb, Ballb OyRymit TOBapHITh, ecru 
TOJIBKO He CpbskeTCA Ha 9K8aMeH'b,—ITO OJHAKO, BECbM& BBPOATHO. 
MH BaMb choemMb MallopycckywW mbcuw. Ua Mowe BH Hallaxb 
TMcéHb WypaeTech?—COpocHNb Ob 0-Malopyccku.—A KOH 
He Typaetech,—ujem'b. 

A,KOHCYHO, OHS OYeCHb pa'b, H BTOTL Beyeph Bech Upo- 
merb Bb whyin. Y Apgiepa 6nd riyoonili a cBOOOaHHH Gapn- 
TOHS. KafinanoBb NOATATABANS HEOONbMO, HO UpiATHOH OKTABOH. 
A cuybarb y oTKpHTaro OKHA H CAyManrb. Bb oxHo BUAWhICA 
Ipyib, OCTPoBd, TONOIH H 3aMOKb. Han’ anbHuMH KaMWaMH, 
IOYTH ele He CBBTA, TOAWMANIACh Bb TYMAaHaxb 3a yYMIBBAaA 
KpacHad yHa, & HeOONbINaA KOMHAaTa, OCBBUJeHHaA MATKEMS 
CBBTOMD JIaMOH,—BCH 8BeHb1a MeYWTaTeIbHOU, KpacHBol TOCKOK 
ykpaHHckol WhcHH. Hukorga BuOCIBACTBIM A He HCOHTHBAaIb 
TaKHXS CHIbHHXD OULyMeHii oTb IbHIA, KAR Bb NoAOOHHE 
Beyepa y AsBziepa. [locnb ABYXb-Tpexb 3HaKOMHXb IMbceHd, 
ABLIiCBb CKa3zaJ3: 

— Hy, Katyzanost,—tTenepbh apalite TY, HOBYD... 

HM, B8aBb TOHD, OHD 3a0bb WBCHD ,Ipo 6ypmaKy“. 


— Bypnakpb po6nits, 3apo6asxe, 
A XO3SHH>b Mbe, rye. 
Pei-refl! “poms, 3a TOBapOM®, 
A ropampl’ 3a BONaMBI.. 
Tet, ref! Taxko XUTHI 3b BOpOraMl. 


Ja, HECOMH'BHHO, Bb BCH, Kakb HM BOOOLIIE BB 1098i0, CCTh CBO 
Kpacku H (opMH. Hy2nto TOJIbKO, YTOOH BS UWeHTpPS cTath ACHHH 
o6pasb, & y2Ke 38 HUM, Bb TYMAaHHHA PyOHEH BOOOpaKeHia, 
BD OesKOHCIHYH Walb HelOsHaHHaro, HEBBAOMAarO Bb UpHpoAh 


186 Bi. ROPOAEHKO. 


H HXHBHH, NOTAHYTCA CBOH SRHBHE OTTONOCKH H OYAYTh YXORTS, 
poxka, BCOUHXHBaA, Wada, yracagd. Jl RHBO MOMHD, Kakb Bb 
9TOTh Bedeph Bb 8aMupalwUlHXb ToHAaXb ruy6okaro rooca 
Apjiepa, KOraa A 8aKPHBab Tilasa HK Tosibub Ha CMYTHYD 
rialb KaMHWeH,—MAB 6udmsac) CTelb, 88AHHTaA Me4TaTeJb- 
HHMB CifnieMb, KOJWIymasca O6yHso Tpaboll, uspbeannas 
MOJYaIHBHMH ApaMH. A OacoBad okTaBa KaiiqanoBa pa3cTHia- 
Hacb DOA’ H38rH6aMu BHCOKaro WH CBBTMaro OapuToHa, Kakh 
HOYHHA TBH Bb 93TAXS APAXb H DouwHaXx... WH cpexzu stok 
O8apeHHOM CTeNH CTOATb H OFA BaicA cupoTuna-6yprara 
H KpHuass: rel-rel! Ha saTePABDIMXCA BOOB H Ha CBON OJE- 
HOKYW JON... 

TloM#W, ITO 9Ta IWKCHA Oes0TYeTHO NOHPABHNAch MH'B TOrA 
6ombuie BCBXb OCTAaNIbHHX’, HO TOUBKO Telepb #8 NOHHMAaD 
WpHunvy sToro. ABiesb CBOHM® 4TeHieMb MU IBHieME BHOBB 
pasoyiHIb BO MBB ApemaBmili yKpaHHCKii POMAHTH3@Mb, H A 
ONATh YYBCTBOBAIb ce6A BO BUACTH 9BTOH MOsTHYeCKOK Aawu 
cTeneii H Wau BpeMeHt... 


TeTpMaHbl, rerTbMaHhi! SikKb Ob TO BHI BCTAIH, 
Betanbl NOANBbIIbICh Ha cBiA UHXrHppin, 
lilo se 6ynysanbl, 1e BRI MaHyBanl... 


A 38 9THMB NewWabHHMB BsOxomMh TAHYIHCh PHAH Kap- 
THHD. 
Bazappl, ne BilicbKO, AKb MOPe 4epBOHe, 
Tlepex O6yfbuykamnpl, Gypano, rophith... 
A ACHOBEIbMOXHRIA Ha BOPOHHM KOHH 
Babicne 6ynapow...4Mope 3akbinnits... 
Anu: 
Y tpy6n satpy6uan, 
Y A3BOHH 3a13BOHHIH, 
\ Baapplin 3 rapMarh... 
SHameHamH, OyHbuyKaMn 
TerbMaHa yKDpblIH... 


HW 4 rpycTHab 0 TOM, YTO BCe ZTO YOINO, ITO BCero BTOTO 
yxe HeJIb34 BCTPBTHTh H& STOMb CKYIHOMS CBSTB, 4TO yme 


‘ 
He sepHetpca KasayyHna, 


He sBcTaHyTb reTbMaHbl, 
He noxpitotp Yxpainy 
Yepsoun Kynanyl. 


A 02 KasalTBa, O01 reTM&HbCTBA BHICORI MOTH, OibO BITOre 
He OCTaJOCb... Moab BIinHieMb DbceHDS u YTeHia [lepuenxa, 
KoTOparo WpeBocxozHO IHTaIb ABLiewb,—9TOTh POMAHTHYCECRIA 
yMesaHH crpoH ocTurarb y MeHA Bb M8BBCTHHA MBHYTH 


“ 





HCTOPIA MOETO COBPEMEHHHKA. 187 


CHABHAlO, KIyWro HAaUpsaAReHis, H MHB KasanOch, 4TO A-TAKE 
CTAHOBICh, KAKB TOrWa ToBOpHH, ,yKpadHopasoms“. Ho, Bb 
CYMHOCTH, STOrO He OHO, H He OHIO NOTOMY, 4TO Ta Caan 
pyka, KoTOpad OTKpHBaa Tellepbh JIA MeHA STOTh Upuspa HH 
Mipb,—eme mupe pachaxHyia Depefo MHOM OKHO pozcTBeHHOK 
pyccKoH wHTepaTypH, Bb KOTOpoe XJHHYJIH NOTOKaMH IpocTHe, 
ACHHe, COBPeCMeCHHHE, pealbube O6pa3sH uw MHC. best Moero 
COsHaHiA KH BBAOMA Bb AyWIB WpowkcxoywNa aNCTO cTHxiinas 
6opb6a oTHXb HacTpoeni. H Tenepb Ha Bompocs Asiiesa, m0- 
HPpaButach JM MHB WhcHA ,0po Oypuaky“* A OTBBTHIb, 4TO 
NOHpaBHach Ooubme BCbxb. Ha Bsonpocs,—noyemy Ooubme 
BCBXb, A HBCKOULKO 3aMAJICH. 

— ITloromy 410... HallomMuHaerB Hexpacospa. H # Bech n0- 
KPacHBIb, YYBCTBYA, ITO Bb CYUIHOCTH CXOACTBAa H'BTb, & 
Mealy TAME MOH OT3HB BCe-TAKH BHPaKarb ITO-TO WbUCTBH- 
TEIbHOE. 

— Bu XoTHTe, BBPOATHO, CKasaTb, ITO TYTb pbb Ue HE 
O IpPOM0Mb, a 0 HACTOAIIeEMb?—Ckasanb AByziesb.— To sto 
COBpeMeHHHH Oypylakb H cOoBpemMeHHHM xo3sauHb? Y Ilepyenka 
TOR MHOFO TAKHXb MOTHBOB. 

KH ond mpoventb ABCKObKO OTPHBKOBD. Fl Torma corma- 
CHICA, HO Bb ray6unB cosHania BCe-TAaKM CTOANO Kakoe-To 
pasinuie: Takie MOTHBH OHJIM, OHJIH Taxe UpAMHA UpoRatis 
STOMY eKOpaTHBHOMY Tpomiomy: 


BapwascbKe CMHTTA BallH MaHbl, 
SICHOBEALMOMKHBIC TeThMaHb! 


Ho ocHOBHOf, TOocHOaCTBYNHININ MOTHBb BCe-TakH Oba riy- 
Ookad TOCKa 0646 STOM APOOWIOM, pasphulaBilasca Oeampex- 
MeTHOH MeYTOH, 0 YEMb-TO HEBOSMORMHOM VM CMYTHOMS, Kak Fo- 
BOP cTemHoro BATpa Ha Kasalkol MOH... 

OTO A Telleph PACKPHBaW CKOORH, & TOrMa Bb AyM'b yxRuBa- 
JIMCb 068 HacTpoeHiA, TONbKO OMHO CTAHOBMJIOCh BCe KuBBE & 
rpomye. Bb oTO BpeMA A BOOSIE OpequIb TUTepatypok, uw nopok, 
co6paBh ABYX',-Tpexb OXOWNXS CJyulaTeweH, MAOrWa axe 
JOBONbCTBYACh OMHHM'b,—YoOTOBh OHJIb WSIHMA acaMH TpOMKO 
wHTaTbh Hekpacosa, HukuTuua, Typrenepa wiv KomMezin Ocrpos- 
ckaro. Bb arenin a noypaxanb ABmiesy. KoneuHo, au ABzies- 
cKaro romoca, HH CHIH Bb erO BHPaxkeHid y MeHA He Ob, 
Bb O6UeEME 9TO OHIO YTeHie BeCbMa MocpeycTBeHHoe. Ho DopoH 
A BCe-TAaKH OJ,YMIeBIAICH H CO8HABaIb, ITO Bb HBKOTOpOH 
cTelleHH ofymeBirenie nepeqaetca Hu ApyrumMs. Opnaxkah, BB 
BOCKPeCeHbe, A 3aNyYIHIb, TAKUM OOPasoMb, TOBApPHINa-eBpes, 
CHMXY, Cb KOTOPHMb Bb TO BpeMA OFeHL COmHaHICA. Y HeTO 
6HIM XYJOReCTBCEHHHA HAKIOHHOCTH, H AH OXOTHO CHYMaTb 
ero urpy Ha cKpunoKsb. Bs cBOwW Ovepedb, A YTOCcTHIS ero ITe- 


188 Bi. KOPOALHKO. 


Hiemt ,latjjamakoBh~. Urepnie saxBaTHJI0O MCHA CHJIbHO, rouoct 
MOH CTaTbh THOKEMb H 3a3BeHBIb BHYTPeHHHMD OyuleBne- 
Hiemb. O7HakO, BCKOPS A NOYYBCTBOBaANt, KAKb 9TO YACTO OH- 
BaeTh, ITO Ta OGOOeCHHAA, HKUBAA CBA3b, KOTOPaA Opon coenH- 
HACTH 4TeWa Ch CAyMaTeleMb, O6opBanacbh HW He BOSCTAHOB- 
asetea. SI mepecTayrb 4HTAaTb, B3rIAHYIb Bb Kpyrgoe CHMIIa- 
THYHOG WHO Moero UpiaTeNA UW NOHAND: A IATA eopen 0 
TOM, Kakb repoH Iilesyepkoscriii 00 , Lanaiiqa, KpHIHTS 
Bb JIMCAHKB: ,,walite JI8xa, Jalire aaa, Mau0 MeHi, maszo!* 
Kakb raiyaMaku TowaTh KPOBb ,XAAABOUeRS Bb BOY“ H TAakKb 
Habe... OTO, KOHeEIHO, OHA ,ucTopia*, HO a Tora MeH'Bbe 
Bcero cnoco6eHb OHIb YCTAHABIHBATL UcTOpHyieckia epcner- 
THBH H BUA, ITO OT BTOH MosTuyeckoH ucTropin MoeMy 
upiatemw ctazo 6onbHO. A 3aTbMB koe-ryb usb RAryye-Kpacu- 
Baro TYMaHa, BL KOTOPOMB YeHiaNbHOW RKYCTLO YKPaHHCKaro 
To9Ta OHH pas6pocavH NONHHA 2KU3HH HH’ 7BuReHIA KapTHab 
STOH yXacHoH Hw GesteNOBBIHOH SopbOH,—CcTao IpCrisWBats 
Koe-4To, 3aTpOHYBUIee yore H MCHA WHUHO. I['ouTa, mpexBoau- 
Teh TahyaMakoBh, CYyRXHNb’Ipexe Bb YMAHBCKOMD 38aMKB 
HaqaIbHUKOMb PeeCTPOBHXb KazakoBb. Bb 3To BpeMA OH e- 
HHJICA Ha NONbKB, Hy Hero On0 wBoe Whew. Korma rana- 
MaKH, 10 UpeBOAUTeECTBOMB TOTO xe TOHTH, BeAH 3a- 
MOKS, iesyHTb IPHBOLATS Kb BaTaRKy ero WhbTek —kaTOMMKOB. 
_Touta yHOCHTS “Xb H pbReTS 06OHXE ,CBANCHHHMS HOROMB, 
& raliaMakH 3apHBaNTh AXABbeMD Bb KONOAUS WKONAPOBS H8b 
cemMHHapin, rb ywsrHch WhTw Toasty. 

OTa KapTHHa yapawa MeHA 0 cepAuy pB3KHMb THCCOnaE- 
comb. Bb KHurB Jlo6po6onosa, Janno ABaieBHM'b, A 1po ders 
BOCTOPReCHHHHA OT8HBb O6b STOMb TpowsBezeHin Mamopoccil- 
‘cKaro 009Ta HW OTYaCTH OObACHeHIe TOrO, ITO Me€HA Tak’ Nopa- 
3H10. UlesyeHko, caMb ykpauHell’b, NOTOMOKD TBXb CaMHX’S 
YafiqaMakOBb, Ch DONHOH OObeEKTHBHOCTLWO A uy6OKUM Opo- 
HHKHOBeHieMb PHCyeTbh HacTpoeHie cBoero Hapona. HAH Torna 
IIPHAATE TO OObACHeHIe, HO, Bb CYMHOCTH, r‘b-TO DOA STAM 
MOUMD CorsacieMb MpocadHBatach cTpylika T1yxoro mporTecta... 
Bb 109MB HHYero He TOBOpATCA O CyobOB MatepH 3apbeax- 
HHXB Whrel. [outa ee npokmHHae¥rs: 


»DYAb NPOKAATAa MAaTHI, 

Ta npokaata KaTonbuKa, 

Lilo Bach nopoaba, 

Yomb BOHa BaCb NO CXidb COHUAa 
Byna He stonpiaa“... | 


Ho, AyMaJlocb MH'B HeBOJIbHO,—BBIb OHS CaMb Ha He Re- 
HHICH, 3HaH, ITO OHA KaTONMIKAa, Kak'b MOH OTCH'S KeHHJICA Ha 





HCTOPIA MOATO COBPEMEBHHKA. 189- 


moeH MaTtepu... HW a, KOHeYHO, He MOIS pasibiaTb HelOcper- 
CTBCHHO H IBIbHO OTOH AryieH TOCKH O TOM’, ITO TeHepb- 
yae : . 
He sapixe 6aTbKO cbiHa 

Csoef aMTHHBI 

3a yecTb cnasy, 3a OpatepcTBo 


3a somo Bxpaluu... 


Memyay TBMB, 9TO YeTNpecTumie rry6oKO sacTpao y MeHS. 
Bb MO3ry elle Cb TOrO WHODIeCKaro BpemeHs... Bbpoatuo, 
MMCHHO II0TOMY, 4TO HEBONbHOe BOCXHMeHIe Nepexb CHAOH Ta- 
WaHtTa YKpawHcKaro 09Ta, HEBOJbHOe OFapoBaHie HalioHaMCT- 
CKaro POM&HTH38Ma yxRXe BCTPBIaAOCh Cb APYUMb, KaiecTBeHHO 
OTIHYHHMS TeteHiemb, Oorbe poCTBeHHHMB MOeH Ayurb. 
OTOMY CHOco6cTBOBaIH eme H'BKOTOpHe OCO6eHHHe MOTHBH, 
BHTeKaBMie H3b TOMaMHATO ,O06pycuTebcTBa‘, GowbsHeHHO 
BaTPOrBBaBilie MCHA Bb OTHOMeHIH MOeCH MATCPH-NOJDHKL... 

Bb nepBHit xe Tob 00. BCTYOIeHiH MOCNb Bb POBeHCKYN 
THMH&siW, CBAICHHHRD-38akOHOYUHTeIb 8aMBTUTbh Bh MOCMb 
IpowsHomeskia yraperia wa NONCKIL nab. UuTaa ,oTae Hallb“, 
A CRazasb: Ha He6écbxb, BM'BcTO ,,Ha HeGechxD“. 

— ,Ha Heddéchx3“... DepelpasHHTb OHS KAKHM-TO 0CObeH- 
HHMB CXHIHHMb TOHOMb:—I0-0JIbCKOMY... Marka oJJe4Ka... 

KpoBb 6pocuiacb MHS Bb TonoBy. i MoTynHaca u Mepe- 
CTA OTBBYATh Ha 9TO Tpy6oe HaXbBaTeAbCTBO Hab MoeH: 
MaTepbib. Mit Tora OHM elle OFeHb CMHDPHH... Bb mMoeH Ma- 
JeCHbKOH TPYAH CTONNHIUCh H KOKOTAIH OesPOpMeHHHA YB- 
CTBa, HO A HE YMBIb HX BHPAsHTh H, MOKCTH OTH, pacmia- 
KaJicd OH IH BHOBKaIb usb Kuacca, HO Me@HA TosMepman0 
cosHaHie, YTO 3&8 MHOM—COodyBCTBie BCBXb ToBapuulel. He o- 
6HBOLUCh OT MCHA OPOMOMKeHiA MONATBH,—CBADICHHAKS OTHY- 
CTHID Mena Ha MbcTO. Korma a chs, Mok cocban Kpouwp. 
CRKasaJb: | 

— Mogoyzenb, ITO He OTBBYATb. ITO OH BCELAA Tak, Npo- 
KIATHH Honume. Y MeHA TO#e OTeL'S IWTepaHHA... 

Moe MoJgaHie, DOYTH HeNponsBoubHOe, — OHIO MpHHATO 
Kakb WpoTecTb, U KNacch oTO oOf0dpusrb. Ho A, HAA NOMOH, 
BCD Aopory OopMoTarsb opo ce6a pasha ro bRAMA CIOBA, KOTO- 
PHA A Oonocens Svi.ne. HATH TOrMa we, H He MOrb ce6b MpOctTutTs, 
4TO He Halle’ HX} cBoeBpeMeHHO... BoocabacTBin OCOOCHHHX'. 
CTOIKHOBeHIM y MCHA NH4HO Cb STAM CBALICHHHKOM®> He OHIO, 
H BOOOme OHb He OH oco6eHHO upHaupuuBE. Ho a HB- ° 
CKOJIbKO IBTh, NoxKayl, WO Kona He MOIS 8adbTb eMy 9TOrO 
»MaTKa-loleika“ HW TOHa, KAKMM 9TH CNOBa ObVIH CKasanH... 

Si usqaraw 3TH cTopoHHie COBeCHOCTH MOTHBH Bb rast. 
06% AByieph noTomy, YTO ero CBS ocTaica Bb MOeH AyMt 


190 BX. KOPOALHKO. 


fepenmeTeHHHMb NOYH CO BCBMH BIeMeHTaMH MOerO YMCTBEH- 
Haro H AyxoBHaro pocta. Bc octabuHne yanTesA Mpenoiapagu 
KaxiHA—cBolH OTIBIbHHA mpenmMerb. ABAieBb, OTMpPaBIAACch 
OTh CNOBCCHOCTH, YIN MHCHATh H YYBCTBOBaTb. OAD YIHADB 
HaCb Bb kacch, OMa, Ha DporyIKb, yIANb cucTeMaTHYe- 
CKHMDb KYPCOM'’b, WTeHieMh DAA OTAHXa, WaHHOH H& JOMb KHH- 
rou, ubcHeli, MyTKoH, o6aaHiemb cBoeH maHuHOcTH. Ha moe 
HauioHaJbHOe YYBCTBO OHD TOxKe UM BI OONMbIM0e HU paspbmaw- 
njee Binnie, XOTA HW He lipaMoe. H Boocrbactsin emje He pash 
BOJHH Hali0OHaNbearo YKpPaHHeCKaro POMAHTH3MAa IpPOHOCHIMCh 
Hab TyUlol, Kakb TBH OO1akOBb IPOHOCATCHA Hab HBBaMH. 
Ho yma BCce-TakH Tropasfqo o6unbHbe sacbBanach BueYaTIB- 
HiIAMH Depezosoh pyccKoH MHCAH, He NOTOMY, KOHeETHO, 4TO OHA 
6a pycCKah, a HOTOMY, TO OHA paspbilama MHOroe, ITO 
Aaxke He OHJIO saTpoHyTO aApyrumu. HW ecuu BoocrbaACcTBIE A 
yxKe CO38HATCJIbHO HalllesIb CBON POMBHY, TO 9TO OHJIa ye He 
Tlonbima, He YKpauHa, He BouwwHb, He Berukopoccia,—a BelHu- 
Kad OO6acTb pycckoH MHNCIH H pycckott WuTepaTypH, OOMacTb, 
rab rocooyzcTBopain [youan, JiepMoatosy, Bbuugckie, Jo6- 
pomo6osH, l['oromu, Typrenesy, Hekpacosnm, CasTHKOBH... OTa 
QOaCTh B3Aa IBIMKOMB MON ,pasHOMNeMeHHyW* Aymy 
HMCHHO IOTOMY, YTO OHA DPHMUPANA U paspbolana AYMeBHHe 
KOHDIHKTH, He TpeOyH HH BpaxkH, HH DOCATaTeJbCTBb, HY 
oTpeqeHii, a BCe OXBAaTHBad WAPOKHMU (OpMyaMH , deOBB- 
yweckou* TepnmuMocTH u cBO6onH... H camoro Ulespyenka a Ha: 
YIBICH NOHHMATh H JNOUMTL Ayame W rayo6xe, Korma BNOCIBA- 
CTBiIH NOAOMIeIb Kb HeMY Cb MCHMU, BHHeCCCHHHMH 3b JLMTe- 
paTypH ,MocKasel~... 

ABniesb MpoOHIb y Hach yxe okono yaedsaro roga. Ipo- 
THM: 9K3aMeHH HW KaHuKYJb. Jl Mepelielb Bb CeAbMOH K1acch. 
Ha lepBoMb yporb HoBaro Kypca,—oHb oOpaTwcd KB Klaccy 
Ch WYTIHBHMD Mpesioxeniews: 

— HBrs a4, rocnoyza, y Koro -Hu6yb 3annCcOKS Moero Opo- 
INNOrOMHArO NepBaro ypoka? Ect? Otago. [lposxsamenyate 
MeHA, Womkastylicta. 51 Gyay osth TOBOpHTb O TOMB xe, & BH 
mpocrbaute w oTMByalite Th mpasW, KOTOPHA A DOBTOPH WbIH- 
KOMb 110 lpoulmoromvemy. Si Oyqy MepmatTsca KOHCHeRTA, H, 
SHAIUTh, NOPAAOKd OyAeTh UPHONUSHTeABHO TOTS Ke. 

MH CTaqH CIBOXHTA AH NOAGepKHBaT, DosTopenis. Kora ond 
KOHWHIS,—OKasalHCbh DOAIeEPKHYTHMH ABB WIM TPH KpacHBHA 

/ppasH. OAD BariAHyJb Bb TeTpaab MU YIHOHYJICH. 
— Hy, sto eme cuasa bory.—H sarbmp, cnerka B3nq0x- 
HYBb, UpHOasunn: — JIBTh yepesb AecaTh O6YAy wapuTs 
COBO Bb CNoBo... PyruuHa — CaMblli CTpallHHi Bparb BCAKare 
*KUBOFO Wha. BH, BOT, MOCMBUBAeTECh Halb HBKOTOPHMH H3b 
Hach, & BBAb 9TO, rocHona, Tparenia! CHagaia — Bb yMB Bce 





HCTOPIA MOETO COBPEMEHHHKA. 191 


CBBRO H HBO. Camb elle MpoouKaellb YIATHCA, HUTEMIb HO- 
BOH MHCIM, HOBaro KaxINH pasb BHpareHia, Hauwyumel 
CHCTeMH... IIOTOMS... TO 3&8 TOHOMB BCE OTIHBAETCH Bb FOTo- 
BHA MOpMH. CHadasia 3alloMWHawTca TOMbKO Hanborbe yqainHA 
BHIpaskeHia, NOTOM 3acTHBaeTd BCe... 1 xoThib OW BHPasuTbca 
HHaye, Wa yxe Herb3sa. ToroBo: BmMBcTO xXHBOrO YeNOBBKa — 
Gombe HH MeHdbe akkypaTHasa ManiaHa! 

ILoMHW, ITO STOTS BASUPOLPaMMHHH MaeHbKiK ypoKb po- 
H3BeCTb H& MCHA OFpomMHboe BreyaTI Baie, TOYHO APKUMD NY IOMb 
OCBBTHBD OOmi TOHD HamleH, Wau He ONHOH HameH rHMHasiA. 
Al npencrasunb ce6b copokb UHTS CyXKOH, HAUpuMBpt, cTa- 
puka Jlemua, BL TOMB xe roporh, #au>, ThmMu xe 3a IWBOAME 
PpAcKol OpyiaMu, Bb TOMB Xe aauiv, rb OB YIuTs, SuTb 
, MOXKeETh, BHYKOBb CBOHXS DepBHXb YIeHHKOBD... HW tparenia 
9TOrO YMCTBeEHHALO OKOCTeH SHIA H ABTOMATH3MA Bh WepBHH pasb 
' @Mle BHCTYNHJa JIA MeHA Bb CBOCEMB HACTOALIeEMb CBBTB, 6e3b 
MBTCKH-NerKOMHCAeHHAarO KOMMYeCKaro OCB BmyeHis... 

Apjiesy, Moka, 9Ta Tparenia eme we yrpoxana. OB 3allH- 
Wich OTh HeA WHUCTBUTeENBHOM IJWOOBbW Kb CBOeMYy WpelMeTy 
M XUBLMD OOmeHieMh Ch CBOHMH yIeHHKaMu. OHako, oac- 
HOCTh NoyxoquIa Cb ApyroH cTOpoHuH. 

OnHaKIH OH ABHICH Bb Kilacch Cepbe3sHHit H YSMB-TO, 
BHJIHMO, OropyeHHHeE: 

— Y Hach Tpe6yHTS MpPACHIKH YeTBePTHHX}b CO WHeHIA 
ANA WpocMoTpa BL OKPyl'h,—Ckasaslb OHS Cb Kakoli-To ocobes- 
HOH chepxaHHocTby.—IIlo HUMb OYAYTb Cynuts He TOKO 0 
BaileMh W3I0KeHIM, HO H 06b O6pash Balluxb MHCJeH. S xouy 
BaMb HalOMHUTb, 4TO Halla WporpamMa kowyaetca IlymRa- 
HEM. Bee, ITO A BAMb IHTAIb usb JlepmMouToBa, Typrenena, 
‘ocodenHo Hekpacosa,—ne rosopa o IlesyeHkb, Bb MporpamMMy 
He BxonuTs. Telepb NepeHaeMb Kb YpoKy... 

Huyero 6onbmMe Ob BB KNACCH He CKasaIb, MU MH He CiIpa- 
miuBau... Haqinatach ,cucTema“, KoTOpoH BCkopb cy2KeHo 
OHIO CKAaTh WH YIEHHKOBL, H yuUNTeneH o6mmmMM TuCcKaMH. Kb 
~OOPYCHTeENLHOK NONMTHKS npubaBiAtach NOMMTHKA BHYTPeH- 
WAX, Kb UCKOpeneHi NONOHH3MOBB BB pbiy, uscblopauie 
~oOpasa MuNCel“. Urexie HOBHXb MMCaTedxeH MpoOmOMKaOch, 
HO MH DOHHMAIU, ITO BCe 9TO, ITO HaMb TAK HpPaBUAOCh, ATO 
GYAuHIO BL HACb CTONbKO HOBHXb YYBCTBS HW MHCIeH,—KTO-TO 
XOUWETL OTHATH OTS HACb; KOMY-TO HY2XHO B8aKPHTb OKHO, Bb 
KOTOpoe JHIOCb CTONbKO CBBTa A BO3LyXa, OCBBxXaBMaro 3a- 
CTOABDIYWCA ,THMHAsHIecKyH* aTMOcdepy... 

— A A OTb Bach, KakeTca, CKopo yBAYy,—cKasanb BcKoph 
mocab sToro Apyiesb ch MATKOW FpycTbw, Kora A salleld 
Kb HeMy. Y MeHaA yuado cepaue. . 

— Orqero?—cnpocumn 4. 


192 bA. KOPOIKHKO. 


— Jlonro pasckasHBaTb, 1a, MOxKeTb ONT, H He Kb YeMy,— 
OTBBTBID OH'}.—IlIpocto IpHMelicaA He KO JBOPy... 

_ Cb groro rowa Kb HaMb Opibxanb HOBHH Zupekrops, Jloz- 
FOHOrOBd. OTO OHTb DNOTHHH YNOBBKE CpeqHHXt WATb, Cb 
BOIHKOPYCCKUM®S aKUeHTOMD Phi WH Ch MaHeEpaMy (hOpMaHCTa- 
GHHOBHHKa. Iipabla, YHHOBHEKa ,HacToamaro“ (Tellepb, 0 
MOeMY MH'BHIN, TAKHXE HBTb). Ob He OHI OCO6eEHHO CTPOrs, 
BCerza OOCTOATCNbHO BHCUYMIMBAIb OOBACHEHIA YICHHRKOBS, 
CCH Bb HHXD BCTPBian0cb 4TO-HHOyDb, Mexomee Ha Ra06y, 
TO 3a Hel BCerma cCrbyOBaNO caMoe TOFHOe pas6upaTeNbCcTBO. 
Bceb, HaqwHad Cb OrpoMHaro HHCHeKTOpa H KoHYad JaTATReBE- 
GeMb, Cpasy DOYYBCTBOBaIH Hab CcOOOH aABTOPHTeTHYN PyRY. 
MousoKnoroka, BHABMO, OoaHCh, yBaxald w He Iw6nmH. MH 
CUATAIH CFO YeNOBBKONS CipabesIMBHM, HO OHS 6OHIb OTS 
Hach JaieKb H MaJO JOCTyNeHS. 

Mox#o OHO Jerko yranaTb, iTO ABgiespy G6yaAeTbh TPYAHO 
YRHTLCA Cb OTHMD HCYKIOHHHME YeNOBBKOMS. A ABieBS, BIO- 
O6aBOKb, HH Bb YeMb He MBHANE CBoero Dopegeniag. [lo-upex- 
HeMy UHTaIb HaMb Bb KAaccaxd HOBBAMIBXD MCaTeteH; 1o0- 
pexHeMy MH COOMpasHCh y Hero rpyoaMH Ha OMY; 10-npex- 
HeMy NOpoH BB ropoxhb pasckasHBaw O66 ero BHXOKAaX... 

Sl NOYYBCTBOBAI, 6e8b oObACHeHIH AByieBa, Bb IeEMb IWS- 
40, H 1paMagd nnoTHags durypa Jlonromorosa cTana MHS HeHAa- 
BECTHA. OHaxIH, Oph BCTPBYb cb HUME Ha JepeBsHoHXxs 
MOCTKAX', A YCTYDHIB eMY DOpOry, HO NOKNOHHNed 3al0szano 
H HeO6pexHO. OH DOBepHYJCd, HO, VBHAS, ITO & BCe-TARE 
MNORNOHMICH, TOTYUACL Ke UpPOCIBAOBAIb abe caoe TBep- 
oh pasmbpeHHoH ooxogKoH#. EmMy HyxeHb OHI DORON, 
TaKb Kakb 9TO TPpe6oBaloch UpabhwaMu HW AucOHOUHHOH. Ho 
OHB He OHJB MeNOIeCHB WH He OOpamarb BHHMAaHiS Ha OT- 
TBEKH. 

Oud UpO6HIb Y HACb He Gombe Toya uU OsHAMeHOBAT CBoe 
WMpeKTOpPCTBO, BO-epBHXb, TBM, ITO BHOKHIB ABieBa, a, BO- 
BTOPHXD... Denopbueckad HaTypa—llTyka OYeHb CJIORAAA, W 
Cb TBMDb we YENOBBKOMD, KOTOPHH AWOIWIb Hach I06HMaro 
YUHTeIa, Y MCHA CBA8aHO OHO 3b JIYYMMXS BOCHOMMHA- 
Hifi Moero TruMHAasHYecKaro epioga. O66 sTOMb, BIpOTeM?, 
HOCK... 

Bexopb BB ropoxb npibxanb kiescrii DomewTedb, ka- 
xeTCH, SmoBcKIiN. OTO OHJIb CKPOMHHH CTapHKh, Bb MYHDUpsh 
OT*TABHOrO BOeCHHAO, Cb OYeHb UPOCTHMH H CHMUaTHIBHMH 
noBpankaMH. [pibxanb ob Kakb TO THXO, 6e8% BCAKOH DOMON, 
HM BB THMHasi UpuMlerb, KaxkeTcd, OBUIKOMb, 00 3BOHEY, 
BMBCTB Cb yUuTeIAMH. Ha ypOKH Ob TOKe NPHXOAHID Bb 
CaMOMB Havab, CHa'bId 10 Kona, H OOB ero UPHCYTCTBIA HO- 
WTH 3a6HBaIH. YIeHUKH MepesaBay, ITO OHb OMNI Korya-To 





HCTUPi9 MOEO COBPEMEAAUKA. 193 


PASHAIOBAHL Bb CONLATH NO OAHOMY ABIY Cb KocToMapoBHMb 
u IlepyeHKOM, H ODATD BOBBHCHICA uUpu Anexcangps II. Ors 
OCTAaJICA OFeHb AOBONeEHS ABTICBHMD Bb CMHCIB Openowapagia. 
I[po6Hb OHD Bb HalleMb Toporb HBCKONLKO Hel, HU Bb Te- 
yeHie 9sTOrO BpeMeHH PpacupocTpaHHoch usBbeTie, 4TO ero 
NepeBOAATH MWoneywtTeleMb yieduaro okpyra Ha Kaskash. 

OnnaxIH, Ha THMHasHIecKkow yuh, Koraa A Mend, obpe- 
MeCHCHBHH KHHPaMH, Cb MOCIBAHATO ypoka, — MeHA O6OrHarb 
ABIeB'b. . 

— Uto sTo y Bach 38 Woxo0yka, — ckazallb Ob, BecejO 
CM'BACh:—Cb paskabuemMb... WloaqTanyauch 6H HeMHOrO. A BOTb 
ene Xyxe, ITO BH He 8aHHMAeCTECh MATeEMATHKON. 

— A, Beniamuat Bachipesu4ds, Hecrocobeat... 

— Tycraxu. HukTo He TpeOyeTbh OTB Bach MaTeMaTHte- 
CKHXD OTKpOBeHiii, a Bh THMHASHICCKUXE Mpesbaxt —cn0ce- 
OeHd Bcakii. Henb3a 6HTb OOpas0BaHHHMb YeNOBBKOMb 6eab 
MATeMaTHIeCCKOH NMCLAMIAHH... 

Bb 9TO BpeMA Ha NPOTHBYOHONORAOK CTOpOHS usb AApektop- 
cKaro J0Ma ToKasaacb CKpoMHad durypa sigoscKaro. [lorno- 
HHBOIECh NPOBOmaBWeMy eFO AO BHXOZa AupeKTOpy, OHD Me- 
pemelb wepesb yIHUY H Domerb HBCKONBKO Boepeaqu Hace. 

— Hy, BoTh,—ckasarb THxo ABsieBt,—cetyacb WhO MOE 
wu pbouteca. KuBayBb Mab UPHBSTIMBO ToNOBOH, OH ONCTpO 
AOTHAIB NOMeCWTeIA WH, IPHNOAHABh UWIACY, CKasasib CBOHMDb 
OTKPHTHMb NPIATHHMD LOOCOMB: 

— Y MeHA Kb BaMdb, Balle MpeBOCXOAHTeENLCTBO, OONbMAaKg 
mpocsn6a. Yyutenb ABsieBb, Ipenomaw COBeCHOCTS. 

~- OHaW,—ckazalb cTaphi rekepab cb HeonpedqBIeHHHMS 
BHpaxebiemt BE rou0ch.—Hakag mpocn6a? 

— Tosoparh, BH MepespoguTech Ha Kaskasb. Ecau 9T0 
mpaBya... Bo Tuduach ecTb cao6oqHad Bakaucis... BOsbMATE 


MeHSA Cb coé6on. 

— OTO loyemy? 

ABleBb YAIHOHYICH MW CKasalrb: 

— Paab BH, Balle NpeBOCXOJUTeIBCTBO, MCHA S8alOMHHJB, 
TO ILO3BONLTe JYMaTb, 4YTO BaMb H8BBCTHH Take UPHIAEH, 
nowemMy MHB ebcb OCTaBaTbcs... He pyka. 

Crapyit Kupuiao-Meeoniepel’h OCTAHOBHJICA Ha MrHoBeHie 
HM «6OBSIAHYJIb Bh JHU0 Takb CBOOOZHO OOpaTHBilemyca Kb 
HeMYy MOJJOZ0My yuuTeno. DloTomb sallaratb ONATb, H A YCAH- 
IaJIb, Kakb OHS CKasab HeErpOMKO H CHOKOHHO: 

— Hy, y1To- «xn. Tomanyit. 

Mas 600 HeENOBKO NOACIyMMBATS, H A OTCTalb. Bb KOHOB 
yuHUH Anopcrif nogarh Apgiesy pyky WH DoMlerb Halpano, & 

A JOHN) O0RTS ABieBa, HACBUCTHBaBMmMaro KakoH-To Bece- 


meait MOTHBD. 


@esparp. Orzbar I. 13 





194 | BA. KOPOIRHKO. 


— Hy, Bors, abuo0 cabiano,—ckasanrb onb.—S1 3Has'b, ITO. 
Cb HUM MO%#XHO FOBOPHTb 0-yenoBbiecko. BE Tudruch, ro-- 
BOPATb, YICHHKH IIPHXOAATH Bb TuMHasi Cb KHAKA1aMG, 
ThMb MeHBe OCHOBaHIM UPHAMpaTbCA KB MeNoyaMb. Hy, He 
NOMHHaliTe 2Hx0OM?D! 

— PasBb yxe... TAKS CKOPO? — CHPOCHTS 4. 

— Jla,—uyepesb Tpu Herbau. Kakb Toubko Anosckii BcTy- 
TIMTB BE AONKHOCTS, A TOKE WOWKeH ONT BL Tupac. 
¢ Yepesb Tou Hexbin ond ybxar... [leppoe Bpema MHB n0- 
KasaJloCb, ITO Bb TMMHAsiH TOTHO Cpasy noTeMHBIO... Tomas 
HalUb pasroBopb Ha YAMS, A NOAUPaBAb, KAKb MOP, CBOR 
MaTeMaTHUeCKiA MO3HaHiA HW... CTAaPaJICA MOJTAHYTb CBO) 10- 


XOJIKY... 


Bekops na MBcTo Apiepa OHI HasHaieHB ppyroli czo0- 
BecHHKS, Cepréu Tumoeeesuyp basmmamesckifl. Oto 6HNb BHH- 
coKili, XyHomabHi MOOL0H YeIOBBKb, Cb HBCKOIBKO Boason 
TPYAbW HW culerka cyTyHH. JlHn0 y Hero OWJIO MpisTHOe, Ch 
no6poh yrw6koHh Ha TOHKUXS ry6ax, HO ero NopTHiM rsiaaa, 
6OnHu30pykie, Cb KpaCHHMH, IpHltyxoinmMa BBKaMH. CuMaasncrnl 
Y3Hai OTKYa-TO, ITO OHD CTPallHO MHOTO padoTarb, ordwero 
COHHa Y Hero COrHy Nach, TpyHb BMlada, & Ha BBKAXb O6paso- 
BaJIMCh AYMeCHH, a Takb MW He CxOAATD... Ha Deppomb yporsb 
OHb, Kakb H ABIeBE, 8ACTABHJIb YHTATD CTHXH. BHOOPB ero 
ab Ha MeHA, H A Wpoyenb ,lbcab o BhuleMb Ourerb“. 


Koswu kpyrosile 3antbuach, KANATS 

Ha .TpH3H& neyanpnok Onera. 

Kua3b Wropp wu Onpra ua xoamt cugats, | 
JipyxuHa mupyeTp y Opera. | 


Co Bpemenb ApyieBa BB kaccb y Hach JINOWIM IATATL, & 
HBKOTOpHe YATAIH HEAYpPHO. OTOT pasb y MeHA ,,BHXONHAO~. 
Ha MeHA HAaXJIHHYJIH BOCOOMHHaHiA, H A YYBCTBOBAIb, ITO BE 
ron0cb y MeHA sBeHuTb 4TO-TO NeYasbHHMH HW 38YMIMBLIME 
oTroyockamMH. Ho, Korma A mpoverb npeanocrbanii cTHXS, HO- 
BHH YIHTeIb HepeOuib Meus: 

— Ha xoumé cugars... HyxHo aTaTh Ha XOJMB! 

A ch HeOyMBHieMD BITIAHYIb Ha HELO. 

— Pasmbpb He BHHLeTh,—CkKasalb 4. 

— HyxHo WHTAaTh Ha X01Mb,—BCe TBMb-2Ke TOHOMb, He AOo- 
TYCKANUIUMh AAIbHBUIAXD BOspaxkeHii, MOBTOPHAIb Os. 
Hab-3a kaeenph Ha MeHA TuADbI0 RO6ponymMboe AMO, Ch wk- 
CKOIbKO JepeBAHHHM®D BHpasreniem’b 4 UPHNyYXDIBMY BbRaM ys — 
»BBIHHH TPyXeHHKD, a MaCTepb HUuKOIMa!*—6OHCTpO, TOGHe 
KBMB-TO NOUCKasaHHHH, MpOMeIbKHYNb Y MCHA BB TOMOBB on 
3HBb [lerpa Beatukaro 0 Tpeqbakosckomb. Kb TOMY-Re sacar 





HCTOPIA MOErO COBPEMEHBHEA. 195 


‘GeHiN IIpuMleib ocrB nepBaro we ypoka u kuaccb. IloqHus- 
AHCh CHOPH: JBa-TpH YeNoBbkKa HaxoquH, ITO BammMameBcKili 
IIpaBhb, OONbUIHHCTBO CTOAJIO 38 MCHA, HAXOA, ITO HOBHH c0- 
BeCHHKb HE YYBCTBYeTh pasMbpa... 

Ilonoxenie ObHarn, HellocpexzcTBeHHO Nocab Appiesa, 60 
TpyaHo. OnHako, Yepe3b HBKOTOpOe BPeMA MH Cb HHUMD Ipu- 
MupuuaHcb. baecka y Hero He OHJI0, HOBHA MHCIM, HeOKaTaH- 
HHA, APKiA eH, TO M ABO BCOHXHBaBIMiA Ha ypokaxb AB- 
qiepa,—noraciu. Basmaulescrii o6pocoBBcTHO OOBACHANB, 
WOOpocoBBcTHO sazaBallb HW ROOpocoBBcTHO cnpamuBanb. Hu- 
Tepech Kb TpeMeTy, TaKb CHIbHO BOsbyxXTeHHHH ABTIieBHMS, 
He ycn bib ACIesHyTb, H MH TOTOBUAH JOBONbHO WOOpocoBBCTHO: 
Takoe-TO MpousBeyenie pasrbiaeTca Ha CTONbKO-TO yacTel. Bb 
gacTH epBok HAH BCTYNNeHid TOBOPHTCA O TAKOMb-TO per- 
mers... IIpH STOMb aBTOPh UpnObraeTb Kb TAaKOMy-TO yyas- 
HOMy cpaBHeHiw... Ho ,,cqO0BeCHOCTB“ CTauIa ONATb TOKO OT- 
HBIbHHMB upeyMeTomb. Jlyyu, KoTOpHe OHa elle Takb He- 
WaBHO Kuala BO BCB CTOPOHH HW Ha BCB ocTaibHbe UpeMertH, 
ncqesu... [eatpa 1A Halluxb YYBCTBb HW MHCeM Bb poBeH- 
CKOH peasbHOoH THMHasi ONATh He OHO... 

Beropb, Of8ak0, CHYYHJICA 9SMH80'b, OYEHb NOAAABIMTIH Bb 
‘HAalluXb [lasaxb HOBArO CIOBCCHHKA... 

TappHio KatiwaHoBh, 0 KOTOPOMDb A TOBOPHIb BHIOMe, TOTS 
CaMBHH SKCTepHS, KOTOPHH XH OHO BpeMA BMBCTB cB As- 
ieBHMb,—Bb 9STOML YToAy NOCTyYO4NIb BB ruMHasiw. Opeort, 
KOTOPHMD OHS OHNb OKPY2KeCHb panbile Bb MOHXS [azax’b, 
pascbaca, TBMb Ooube, ITO mpeackazanie ABzieBa COHJIOCB: - 
OHD cpbaasicd Ha BCTYNMTeEIBHOMD 9K38aMeH'B H OKasalica Kac- 
COMb Huxe MeHsa. Ho Tenepb MN O4eHb TogpyxuIuch. Hach 
OOBeAMBHIO Iipexse Bcero BOCMOMUHaHie 06% ABaicBB. Yacto 
OHb OPHXOJUIb KO MHB, 4M, Wexa WONTMHMH 8HMHUMH CyMep- 
KaMH H& MOCTeIM Bb TeMHOH KOMHATB, MH BEIM Cb HUMD TH- 


xia 6ec’aH. [lopol ob 3aBuAnIb BNONroONOca Th CaMba WBCHA, 


KOTOpHA IbIb ch ABtieBHMb. Tenepb Bb TEMHOTB S8BYYab 
OHH TOIbKO 6acokb, HO Bb MOeCMb BOOOpakeHid Hab HUMS 
BHICH H 38BeHbIb OapxaTHWi OapHTOHb, Takb CBOOOMHO Bavle- 
TaBOIA Ha BHCOKi HOTH... H CyMepkH HalOJIHAJIMCh OMLYTH- 
TeCJbHHMA BU ‘BHIAML... 

KalizaHoBh OHJIb Mah HBCKONBKO HeENMOBOpOTAUBHH, Cb 
M3pATHOK IbHIOK, W BNOCIBACTBIH OHS WaccHBHO ONYCTHJICA 
H 3aBab. Ho BB TO BPeMA Y Hero OHNO OFCHb MHOFO AOOPHXd 
M BeNHKOLYMANXE o6ys#7enis. | 

OnHaxTH y HaCh HCKMOINIA DJBYXb WH Tpexb ObAHAKOBD 
38 HeEB3HOCh WaTH. Mn cb Lappunol OesmeqhHo Mu Bb AM- 
aaaii0, KOra HaBCTp By HaM’b NonascA OAMHb BH3b HCKIOIeH- 


SAHXb, OTOCIaHHHH J[uTATKeBUIeMb NOMOH. Ha Hallb BOUpOCch, 
13* 


196 BJ. KOPOAEHKO. 


noweMy OHS HUeTh 43S FTHMHAZIK He Bb YpOdHoe BpeMA,—OnD 
yrpwmo oTBepHyvica. Ha riasaxb y Hero OHH cileaH... 

Bs TOTL-xKe DeHb NocrB ypokoss ['aspuso aABucA Ko MHB, 
3QHATHH MHCIIN 06% STOH BCTPBYB, H MH CTarH O6cyxarTb, 
4uTo wbuatTs. Ilo o6memb o6cyxtenin OHJTh HaMH UPHHATS 
I1aHb, BOsHUKMI BHepBWe Bb TONOBB MOero BOOOMe-TO He 
OueHb 6HCTparo ToBapuma. MH pBOIBIH O6NORATE Wanbw eme- 
WHeBHOe NOTped6enie NHPORKOBD Bb OONLDIYH Nepembuy. Cub- 
NWaBb WPHONMSHTeIbHHH NMOACIETS, MH HADI, ITO, Opa H3- 
BBCTHOH uckalbHoH osHeprid,—HYRHYND CYMMY MORHO CO- 
6paTb OBOIbHO OuCTpO. JI cocTaBHTb HBYTO BpoAB KpatT-- 
Karo Bos3sBaHis, KoTOpoe MH cb ['aspunoh nepenucanw BL HB-- 
CKOJbRUXD 9K3CMINIAPAaXb HW WYCTHIH Bb CBOHXD KUaccaxd. 
BossBanie HMBIO yciTbxt, WH Ha CIBAywWMi xe neab TaspHso0 
BO BpeMaA OoueMOH nepeMBHH CAMHMB CepbesHHM'’b o06paz0MB. 
PpachoONOKHICA Ha KPHIbITB ramHasiv, PAOMb cb eBpelttkol 
Cypol Ww ApyrumMa WposaBuaMH UPORKOBS, Kol6ach 4 AONOKS, 
H WpH kaxfot noKyuKs upexbaBianb cBow Tpedosanis. 

— ipa nupoxra... Jlapatt rombiry... Y re6a auto? Kon6aca 
Ha TpH Korbirn. Tome ronbiiry... 

6x0 nomn0. HBkoTophe OTKYN@IHCh Ha ABCKOUBKO AHeH, 
H MH TOXYMHBaIH yRe O TOMS, YTOOH B8aBeCTH BallHcH H Oyx- 
rastepin, Kakb Halld PHHAHCOBHA Onepaniv OHH samBuenH 
Hayaupatesemsb J[MTATKeBHYeM... 

— 9tTo uTo Takoe? Uro BH AbraeTe? 

UyBcrByA CBOW NpaBOTy, MH DPOCcTOAyMAO H3I0RAIH CBOM 
ab H ero Obru. JMNOHyCch, HBCKONBKO O8aayeHHH, TOT- 


Wacbh we TIOKOBHJIATb Kb AHpeKTOpy. 


JlonroHoroBa Bb TO BpeMA yate He 60. Ero nepeBenu 
BCcKops nocab Apzieba, WH AHpeKTOpPOMb OHIb HasHayeH SIROBS 
CrenaHoBuyb Pymescrit. Yepest abckorbko MUHYTS J B_OHyCch 
BEpHYJICH, ORBBICHHHH, TOpmecTByHMiK wu 3snopaqHHh. Bch 
ero YYBCTBa AaBHO yRe WAIMKOMB YIM Bb OXOTHHYH UH- 
CTHHETH. SI 38MBIaIb, ITO H HHHMB YUHTCIAMB AOCTABIAITS 
HCTHHHOe oropyeHie HeomnaAaHHO xopomi OTBBTB saBbaOoMo 
WIOXoro yieHuKa, 4, HAaQ6OpoTh, NOHMAaTh BPAaCcnAOXb Xopomaro 
yieHuKa, JOOHTECA OTb Hero HEORUABHHO NNOXOrO OTBSTa OHIO 
Jif HAXb UCTHHHOH yaaye uw HacnampeHieMb. SacTarayB. 
Hach 38 HeOOHYHHMD Bb PuMHasid ,0O0CTyNKoMB’, /Tuq0HyCh 
BHaYaNb cTpanarb oOTb HeOyMBHIA: IpecTyOHO 93T0, HIM He 
IpectynHo. Ecin 6H AWpeKkToph Halley, ITO Halle NpexupiuTie 
B8ACHYKUBACTH NOXBAIH, — JIMTATKEBHTS, KOHCIHO, TOTIACh Me 
6H Cb 9THME cormacuica. Ho HcKpeHHNDN, HaCTOAILYNH pakocTh 
®HL OMLYTHI, TONBKO Y3HaBb, ITO MH COBCPIIHIH HBITO Bh 
BHCOKOH cTemeHH NpexocyzutenbHoe. MH ob TOBIeCKS HACh BL 





KCTOPIA -MOETO COBPEMEHHBRA. 197 


»HHCHEKTOPCRYNW“, PaCTaJIKHBaA DILYMAYH TONY roMHasHcroBh 
it KAZad KpyroMb TopmecTByHwumie BarATH... 

Bt wucnekTopcKoH, Ha OOHYHOMb MBCTS, Bb DIBPOKOMB 
Kpecrb, TOpPxXecTBeHHHH WH Tpy3HHl, cuabura Axopp Cremano- 
BHYD Cb asaMi, YCTpeMJICHHHMH Ha ABepb. Bce NpocTpaHcTsBo, 
OTB Dopora AO ero cTONa, HAMS OpHOIN0Ch NpOwTH Nob ITUMS 
YOOPHHM', THITHOTH3HPOBAaBLIEM?D BarAnomD. Upeayze, Bb Mlal- 
IHX KNACCaXd, MH'B KAK TNH pas Bb TAKUX'S CY YaAX' KasaJloch,. 
4TO STOTh YNOPHHNK TAKeIHH BEINATb OOBONAKUBACTh MCHA 
YBMb-TO MWOLaBNANUIEMS, TATYIUM, TYCTHMD, 8aMeAJANIAMS 
BuxeHia. Hord MOH Kakb 6YATO DPHIHUaIH Kb Noy, a riaB- 
Hoe, A FYBCTBOBANb, ITO YTOTH CYPOBHH BSrIAT® WH UPHTATH- 
BaeTb, WH OTTAIKHBaCTA BMBCTS: WpecTyoNewiemb 6ynkeTh HATH 
CIHDOIKOMS cBo6onHo. H elle 6oubnIMMS Dpectynieniemb 6yterTh 
OCTAHOBHTECA... Tenepb 3TO CTpaHHoe O6anHie Bb 8SHAIHTeIBHON 
cTeneHH Opomno. 51 WaBHO yxe pasrnarbrb NoAb sToH rposok 
COSHATEIBHYNH KOMeAIN, PasHrpHBaeMyW OOpPoOAyMHHM'S, Bb 
CYLIHOCTH, YeNOBBKOMb, Y KOTOparo eCAHHCTBEHHHH Dearoru- 
yeckii peccypch, riaBHad ON0pa aBTOPHTeTa B8akNNIaach Bb 
erO BHYUIMTCILHHXE pasmbpax. Ilo mbpb Toro, Kakb A Camb 
CTAHOBHJICA MH8HIeCKH BHMe, —UpOTHBYNMONORHOCTh CMATIA- 
Nach, H ABTOPUTeTS yMasaca... Ho MoM Apyr'b, kak’ HOBHIOKS, 
YYBCTBOBAIb CeOA OUCH HEJIOBKO, WM A HeBOJbHO yJIHOaJcH 
po ce6a, Ip BariayB Ha ero KpacHBoe JHUO,, Ch CMBINHO 
BHIYICHHHMH YePpHHMHA IiiasaMH. Mb MOMOMIM KB Rpecsy u 
OCTAHOBHIHCE. 

JiupekTops, OTKHHYBIINCh Ha CTYb, Ch YETBEPTL MHHYTH 13- 
MBpHIb Hach OOOHXS BarsAgomMb. Ha yIeHHKOBDd CTAapmMuXxd Kac- 
COB OHb KPHIATb PHAKO, A, WORePKaBh HAaCh CO3HATeJIbHO NOT'b 
yrposoH cBoeH BCUHDIKH, OHB 3afOBOPHTb AA3KHMb XpHNO- 
BaTHMb FOJIOCOMb, Ch MPaddHMB BHIOM?D: 

— Bu 4To 970 sarbanu. Uporknamaniu kakis-to... Tatinne 
He8akKOHAhe COOPH Cb H8BBCTHHMH WBIAMHB?.. 

— Mu... Axost Crenanosudt...—Haiarb 60 H8yMIeHHHH 
Tappu0, HO AMpeKTOph KWHYTb HA HelO MpawHHH BSrALb u 
CRa8ab: 

— Monuyars... AH roBpopw: Taii-abte cCOopH, IOTOMY 4TO BH 
06% HHXb HHUeETO He CKasaiH MHS, BalleMy AupexTopy... 
TOBOpW: HesakOHHHe, NOTOMY... 

ONS BHIIPAMHICH Ha CTYIb W MposouKanb TopxecTBeHHO: 

— ..4TO H&-Jl0-TH yCTaHaBIMBaNTCA TONbKO TocyapcrTBeH- 
HHMDb COBBTOME... SHaeTe IH BH, ITO, CCIH-OH A Warb ocati-- 
QIbHHH XOJb STOMY ABAY, TO BH He TONLKO OHH OH HCKIN-- 
qeHH 43% TuMHasil, HO... H OTTaHH NOMS cyt... 

Kpacusye riasa l'aspusa sacTHIM Bb BHpaxkeHid Bema 
Wiar0, MOUTH CBepxbecTecTBeHHaro usyMJeHiA. SI ToORe OHS 


198 | | BA. KOPOIEHKO, 


‘YHUBNCHS TAKHMb HEOMHTAHHHMD OCBbUeHieMh HalleH saTbu, 
XOTH, KOHEYHO, YYBCTBOBANb, ITO 8AaKOHOAATeIbHHA WpaBa ro- 
CyfapcTBeHHAaro COBBTa TYTb He IPH yeM'. 

Bb 9TO BpeMA BSA Mol cayyafHo yoarb Ha urypy 
anmamesckaro. Ob, BBPOATHO, NOMOMETS Bb CaMOMS Haya 
pasropopa uu Tellepb CTOANb Bb yay CTONa, MepeMcTHBas 
KypHanb. Ha ero TOBKUXS ry6axb urpata erkad yuHOkKa, x, 
HeCMOTPA H& TO, ITO rasa OH, Kak BCeria, TOUHO 3ana- 
BBINCHH TAKeCIHMH, MIPHUYXMuMH BhKAMA,—A ACHO IIpOyer 
Bb BHPAKeHIM eFO JIHUAa COUYBCTBEHHYW HowepRKy uw obonpe- 
Hie. AKOBb CrelaHoOBATb CHYCTHTb TOHD H CKAasas: 

— [loka—ctynaitTe Bb K1acch. 

MH BHIIWJH, H Y ABepe HHCHeKTOpCKOH, Bb koppuAOph 
YBUXbIH TOMMY 8aHBTepeCcOBAHHHX THMMHASHCTOBB... Garba 
Halla, KOH€YHO, pyXHyJla, HO eH cyakeHO OHO BCe-TaKH He 
OCTATLCA O€3b DOCIBACTBIA. 

Bb TOTh-Ke eHb IPH BHXORS 8b THMHAZiH, MCHA OKAHE- 
HyIb Banmamjesckii 4 Ckasanb, yuWOancn: 

— Yo, mocranochb? Hy, uuyero! Hukakux’ nocabactsBii 
W3b 9TOrO, pasymbetca, He Gyners. Ho BH, rocuona, WbACTBE- 
TCJIbHO, UPHHANMCh He Tak’b. Salute CerouHa KO MH'B H 8aXBa- 
THTe Balero TOBapHnla. 

Bb Torb-xe! Beyeph MH 3alliH Cb laspunou Bb ero xouO- 
CTY) KBapTupky. Ob ONPHAHANS Hach IpPABBTABBO MH UpOCTO A 
H3OKXHITb CBOH Dab: MH codepeM’b *akTH H CJly%aH Kpaii- 
He HYIH Bb cpexb Halluxh ToBapHmeH AH H8NOKHME BX 
Bb MopMB 3aNHCKH Bb COBBTS. OND DomacTh ee OT ce6a, H 
OOMIHMMM CH1aMH YIHTeIA BHpasoTaWTh ycTaBb oOmectBa BCHO- 
MOIJe€CTBOBaHiA yiallaMca ropona PosuHo. 

BHIIIH MH OTB Hero, TPOHYTHE H Cb YYBCTBOMB Oaro- 
apHocru. 

— He Asniest, a Mab BCe-TaKH ClaBHNH, —CKasarb Ha 
yiuub mou npistenb.—H, sHaelib, OH OYeHb HEAYPHO Noers. 
A coHMasb Ha uMeHaHaxDb y Tea. 

OalwcKy MH cocTaBHuiu. IJoMH}0, 4TO MH'B WaN0Cb OYeHB 
TDYMHO aTO DepBoe Npouspenenie Bb ABIOBOMB cTuTb, u Bar- 
MalleBCKOMY IIPHIMJ0Cch MHOrO HCOpaBIATs ero. MonoqHe y4H- 
TeA BCB NODWepRalh AOKkNalb, A UpOeKTh ycTaBba OHS OTO- 
CaHb BL MMHUCTePCTBO, a 1OKa COBIAN CAMHOBPeMeHHHHL COoph 
HW yONaTHI 38 HCKIIOIeHHHXS. BorbactBie OONTHOM BOJORHTH, 
YCTaBh OWNb YTBEPRDAeHS TOMBKO Tosa ywepesb TpH, Korma HM 
Hach cb Tasppunol, xa BaaMamiesckaro BS PoBHoO yxe He OHO. 
Ho Bce-me Y MeHA OCTANOCh 10 OKOHGAHIH THMHasiA Xopomee 
Tenuoe BOCHOMHHaHie 06% STOME HEOMeCTAILCMh MOJOOMb YUH- 
TEI, Cb BoatoH TpytbO) H UPHNYXWMAMA OTb YCHNCHHHXb 
ZaHATIn BBKAMNH... 








HCTOPIA MOEFO COBPEMEHHAKA. 199 


Ilpomi0 eme WbTb Wecatb. ,Cuctema* Bb roMHasiaxh oupe- 
WhrwIach OKOHYATeEIEHO M 3acTHIa Hagolro. Bh 1888 wat 
1889 roqy DOABHICA WaMATHHH WAPKYIAph oO KYXapKUHHXh 
WhTAXh“, KOTOPHA HaNpacHo yyaTca Bb rumMHasiaxs. Y Dupek- 
TOPOBE ToTpe6oBanH oco6yN ,CTAaTHCTHKY“, Bb KOTOPOH OHO- 
6H TOWHO OTMByeHO CocTOAHie pomkuTeneH yUAINMXCA, IMCIO 
3QHHMAaCMHXb WMH KOMHATb, KONHYeECTBO NpuCAyru. Jlaxe Bt 
TO ruyxoe H CMHPHOe BpeMA STOTh UWUPKYIAPb BOKUBMArV 
H38b yMa cTapHka JierasHoBa, CIHDIKOMb HavBHO NOACIYxHBaB- 
marocd KOMY-TO H MOCTaBUBHIarO TOUKH Hadi, BH3sBab obuee 
BOsMyMeHie: He BCB AHKepToOpa axe HCOONBHIH TpedoBaHie 0 
CTAaTHCTHK'S; & Ty6HKa WpocTO HAKHAHBalach Ha TOAen Bh 
CHHUXb MYHIUpaxh ,bapowvaro npocebuledia“, BHpaxad UpH 
BCTpBiaxt, axe Ha YAMUaxb, FYBCTBO OOmaro HeronoBa- 
Hig... , 

Bb oTO BpeMA MHB poset0ch OHTb Bb ONHOMD U3b Lopo- 
WOBb Hamero wra, H 3bCb A YCUHMAIb aHakoMy amusin. 
Basmaiesckiff OHI Bb STOMb Fopor'b TUPeKTOPOMS ruMuasin. 
Y MCHA Cpasy OReXUIH BOCTOMMHAHiA O HaliemMb cb L'appunott 
NOCAraTeJbCTBB Ha IipaBa TocyAapcTBeHHAaLo COB‘bTa, 0 CHMIa- 
THIHOMB BMbmatenrsctab BarMamesckaro, H MAS saxorbocn 
TIOBHAaTh ero. HO MOH 3BakOMble, KOTOPHMS A pasckasalb 068 
STOMb 90H3006 3b MOMXb PAMHASHYeCKUXS BOCMOMMHAHIH, 
BHpaxkaH COMHBHie: ,HBrb, He MOKeETS OTH! JTO, HaBbpHoe, 
apyron!* 

Okazamoch, ITO 9TO OHI TOTH xe CaMHH Banmamescrilf, 
HO... MBCTO AupekTopa pu ,,cHCTeM’B* Daoch eMy, OYeEBUDHO, 
He fapomMs. BosmyTuBwi BCBXb NUPKYIAPS OAD MpPHHAICA 
IIPHMBHATL He TOKMO 38 CTpaxt, HO M 38 COB'BCTL: NPUM3HBald 
WhTeh, ONpallnBarb, sanvcHBath ,YHCIO KOMHATB“ Hu IIpH- 
caryru... bru yxoqwiu ucoyrakuna, CO cyesaMu H HeEOOPHMH 
ipeIYBCTBIAMH, & 38 HHUMH HCIOIHETCAbHHH WHPeKTOPd cTadb 
DpHusHBath OBANBAMAXS powuTenei uU Ha TOUHOMS OCHOBAaHIL 
ILMpkKyiApa yObXTaIb UXb, ITO BOCUUTHBATS ABre Bb TMMHa- 
BinAXb HMb TPyQHO uu Herbuecoo6pasno. Ilo ropoxy xonquna 
jlaske KulaccnyeCckKad 110 BHPasHTeNbHOCTH (pasa, KOTOPOW OH'b 
Oy DT0-6H OTBbTUIb Ha BOBMYIICHHHA HallaqKH 8HaKOMHX: 

— Jla 4TO BH ko MH'B pucraete: A IHHOBHHKS H OO6A3aHb 
HMCUOAHATS WupKyIapy. [Ipukaxyrh Bhoats pecataro... Ipu- 
XOMTe BE HMHasid:'TAakKb H OYAYTh BUCBTb PAANOIKOMh, 
Kak? YraJixu Ha oropomb... Aapecytecb Kb BHCMIeMy HauaJib- 
CTBY, & He KO MHB. 

OTO, KOHEYHO, IWYTKH H ,NMOPb“, HO WMOPh yxacHHi 110 
TOMY, MCKY IPOWMd, ITO OHD BOCKpellaeTs Bb OONactTu pocciii- 
ckKaro DpocBbulebia HellocpeACTBeHHOCTS A WBABHOCTH OescMepT- 
Haro Mapgzapia AnonnoHopuya CreryHosa: 





200 BA. KOPOARHKO. 


— Jia 4TO BH, MONONOH yYenoBBKD, ITO BH? Uto a anoxia, 
"TO-JIH, KAKOH-HHOyAb, ITO BH TaKb Ha MeHA YCTABHIHCh. 

VW Banmamesckie Toxe He snombu. Hbrs, OHH BHCTYOalue 
Ha CBO) HOpory cb AO6OPHMU FYBCTBAMH, H, CCIH-OH OTH 4yB- 
CTBa TepIbiCch, TpeOOBaIHCh 00 INTary, MOOMpsAuHCb,—One 
OH HXb CTapatesbHO UpHiaraniv wu pasBaBanH. Ho xecrToriii, 
TYCKIHH PCRUMH WKOIH Tpe6oBantb ApPyroro, UpOMsBoNA Bb 
TeyeHie JecaTHUIBTIM CHCTeMaTHYeCKH CBOH ,O0TOOpb ocToH- 
HHXb“. HW OHH CTOJJb-Ke CTapatebHO HCNONHAIM WMpKyIapy 
BB ApyromMb HallpaBJeHin. 

Al ne nomierb kb. BanmMallesckomMy, AYyMaad BCe-TakH, 4TO, 
MOKeTB OHTb, MOM B8HaKoMHe olmMOanmHch. Yepess abrotopoe 
BpeMA A Dpoyeb BH raseTaxhb, ITO Bb sachbAanik onHok ropor- 
CKoH JYMH AupeKTopd ruMuasibs BHCTYNMITh Cb ropaiel pub, 
IVBIbH KOTOPOH OHIO... WHMleHie 8HaMTeJbHOM YacTH ydeHH- 
KOBb noco6ii u3ab ocodbaro o6meropogzcKoro Kanutana. PBup He 
MMBIa TOA ycubxa, TriacHhe NeperATHBaIMCh WH TORHMAIH 
naeyaMu. TMToMIH, 38 KOTOPHXh Takb CBoeoOpasho X0N0TaIb 
Bb AYMB HXb upekToph, OW... eBpew. Ho # BCDOMHHI, 
WTO H Bb 4HCIB ThXDL, Aa Koro MH Bb PoBHo codupale 
QeHLrH UpH oMomjm HaiMalesckaro, OHM TORe [Ba ObI- 
Haka eBped... 

A AB,ieBb yMepb HezaMBTHHMS UPOBAHWiaIbHHMb Wpelo- 
HAaBaATeeM’ COBECHOCTH Ha OKpaHHs. BE sTOMB ConmOcTaBNeHis, 
Ha MOM Baruiay’b—BCA XapakTepACTHKa Haluero yieduaro CTpos 
HW ero TpHavaTHrbrHeH sBoMouin. TaaHTH 3aTHpaluch, H3sro- 
HANHCh, TYCKHBIL. TopxecTBOBalta MOCpeCTBeHHOCTh, cTapa- 
TeJIbHad, HCHONHUTeIbHaA, Ges, yUnad. 

OnHako, A 3a6braw Biepenb, H MHB Upuyetca ene Bep- 
HYTBCA BB PopeHcKyW peasbHyN ruMHasiN. 


Ba. Kopoaenno. 


(TIpodosmcente canrdyeme). 











Usp AHNTIIM. 
I, 


«Ilarata O6MUHb,—TOBOPHTh aBTOPb TOILKO ITO BHIMeETMeH HATe- 
pecooi kanra The Spiret of the Parliament,—sacrasa, rib 11aTaTh 
NOMLAHHY, Ipeaze abMb Upokayrb, Bch Hex: NOAMTHUeCKIA Nt CO- 
Hia®ibuHs, MPOFpeCCHBHHA H PeaAKMIOHALIA, (PAHTACTHYCCKIA H UPAKTH- 
ueckis. Bb oggof sarb coOpanht BMBCTS HanOoabe ocTpye yMbl BCel 
CfpaHhl; TYTh cMbible Oop HW peoOpMaTOphl, MHICHb KOTOPHX' ObI- 
CTpa, KaKb pTyTb. CBOHMB COCBACTBOMb OHH TadbBaHusHPYWTb 
TOBapHMel-TaAKKOJyYMOBD. BB oTy HaCHIDICHHY0 dAeCKTPHICCTBOMD 
cpexy lorpyxaeTc# TOAbKO 4TO HBOpaHHh KaHAUAAT’b. SHaHiA ero, 
BOOIHB JOcTAaTOWHHA paHbie Aa OONJeHHOH AHSHH, OkASHBANTUA 
31Bcbh HeBbxecTsoMb. To, 4TO Kkasalach Mpemse HOBNYKY KOHeIHOL 
UbIbwW Dporpecca, okasHrBaeTea 31bCh TOIbKO OTUPaBHLIM'’h UYHRTOM'S 
Ad waapybiniexn ycuaii. Topn3s0nTs, orpanwywBabmifi TOTh OpOMEI- 
MAeCHHE Hin NWpoeccionalbublii MiPORb, Bb KOTOPOMS BpalladcA KOM- 
MOHEPD CO us6pania CBOerO,—cpasy paciuinpaeTca, H Nepexb rmia- 
SaMH H8YMJCHHArO HOBHYKA BHIPHCOBHIBAWTCA HEBBAOMHe MATeCPHERH. 
Uuskifi noTonokb, kasaBuilica panbie HeOomMb, packpHBaetca. Bet 
WHeCHH CHMBOIJA BBP HOBHUKa, KOTOPhle KasadHCh eMy paubilie He- 
ShIOJeMHIMH, MOABeprawTca Tenepb pb3koh KpATHRB H TpeOywTd 3a- 
mutH. Breppaie, Takum 06pa30m’b, HOBHYeR'S yObRAeTCH, NOCTPOeHH 
Au TB NosuTHGeCKIA TeOpid, BL KOTOPhIA OH’ BbPHIb, HA Deck wan 
H@ Ckarb». 

Apa yaca yas. Tasara oOnHnAS, 6e3MOIBCTBOBABUIad Nath M'bCa- 
IKEBh, KUMHTS WHsHbIO. Uepesb ABCKOABKO MHHYTB «3acTaBa», yO- 
MITJHACMAS BIL, HAYHCTS B3LIMAaTb LOUMMHMHY cb HaeH, AMBIONIUXS 
WBAbO Osf0poBiTh eme 6orbwie Noryyi OpraHH3sM'’b, KOTOPOMY HMA 
Bputaruckas aAMoepis#. HOMMOHePH Bb ODHIABApaxd, Bb KOTCAKAX'b 
MH BD MAENXD PETPOBLIXD WAAMAXb TOIISTcH Y CkaMell, pas0urHCD, 
He B8Hpad Ha NOluTHYeCKia yObmRleHia, Ha rpyunii. Honcepsaropy, 
p2Oouie, Amdepatn, APAAaBAUE, PakHKkaIbl—OOMbHHBAWTCH dHeprHy- 
HBIMH pykonomatinMu, OWYTkaMH, BuevaTABHiAMH, BBIHECCHHHIMH H3'b 
o6bms3,0Bp Anrain Hw u3b Oecbab cb u36npaTeaaMu. Dots wb rpyuus, 

Pespat. Orabap Il. ] 


2 TIO8B EO. 


cocTOAMeH H3b HBCKOADKUX KOHCEPBATOPOBh, NOAOMCAb RHBBEpPagocr- 
HHH, OCTpOyMHNH cTaTcb-cexpeTaph 00 Abaamb Upazangiv. Pasyaetea 
Beceahii cwbxt. Bupperb, MOBHJHMOMY, O1DYCTHIb OEY H3b THXt 
OCTPOTh, EOTOPHMA OHS ClaBlitca. “Yopest iach sTH KOHCepBaTOpH 
apoctHo 6yzyTb o6anuaTb Guppeza 3a Woaurigy Bb Upsanaig, T. e. 
32 IOJHYH OTMbHY TAaMb 8aKOHOBS O ypessniqatino# oxpanh. brbzwuh, 
HBAMBWH BORA, onTosunin Baabhypsb Apyeecku Oecbayerb cb MUHH- 
CTpoML MbcTHaro camMoyopaBsenia Jmouomb Bepacomb, MHpoKOIAe- 
4HMb, KOPCHACTHM', Cb TOXOCOMb, KAR Y JOUMAHA Ha pBIBOMS Ma- 
poxoab. Hosuii Boas» padoveii napria XenJepcous, Cb abepruvHbIMe 
AHUOMS, YePTH KOTOparO BIpyOeHw Kakb OyATO TONOpOMs, coBb- 
WlieTCA QO YeMb-TO Ch COBEPWEHHO OLpHXibswMasb cTatch-ceKpera. 
pemb n0 Abaamb Hagzin—Jxonoms Mopseemb. Yepest iach BCb STH 
MupHoO Gecbaynmie w0fH pas0ObWTca Ha DaptTid, KOTOpHA OyAYTS 
CTPaCTHO OTCTAHBaTb CBOH BSFriA{W; HO Telleph 28TO—TOBapHMH i1é 
oOmemy abay. HoncepsarTopH, comiasHcTH, Iu6epaadnl, payqukadH, up- 
JAHIUM YBAAWT APITh Bb APY SAakKOHHHX’. UpexcTaBuTexe# CTpauul, 
CBOOOJHO H80PaHHHXxt HaceleHiemd. Onn pb3ko pacxogaTca BO BSFrag- 
\axb, HO 9TO Bb OYKBAIbHOMD CMHIEIB Gentlemen of the Commons. 
AucenmenomManet OTBBYAaWTb HA 4yKOe MABHie apryMeHTaMH, dac- 
TaMH, & HE BOOMS, MOTPsCeHiOMh KYAAKOBB H HeCNPHAUTHOK pyraHbw. 
‘logtoph T[ynaupepb #& OCTPOBB BOAMeOHHROBD DOxKexaIb BATS 
PUMCKEXh CEHATOPOBS, ITOOH CPABHHTh AXS Cb 3akOHOMaTesAMH CBOes 
pomuHn. (BB TO BpeMs, T. e€. Bb 9MOXy RopoxeBAI AHHH, Bb DAasary 
VONIHHS DONalatH TOAbKO KPYNHHC A9HIOPAW HM YTOJHHA UpaBATeAb- 
cTBy Auaa). CenaTopsl M0KasalHch eMy <repoaMHA H NOAyOoraMa» BD 
CPpaBHeHiH «Cb Wako AaROYHHEOBS, MOMeHHAKOBb, pasdoHHHKOBD 
cb OO1bMO0H FOporn 4 rpy6ianoBb» (a knot of pedlars, pickpockets, 
highwaymen and bullies). H 6omcb, 4To ecaa OW CYpoBOMY AOKTOpY 
i{PHIUAOCh CP&BHABATh COBPpCMCHHHXb TOPH Cb HX CJ HHOMHIDIICHHE- 
KaMH O€-r'b Ha KOHTHHERTS, TO, HECMOTPS Ha BCB HeJOCTaTEH aH- 
raiickKHxb KOHCeEpBATOpOBb, OHH Okasaduch OH «repoOaMH H TO.zy60- 
Tami»... 

HbroTopHe 3b KOMMOHEPOBb, TOOH ObesnedATD ceOb xopomia 
wbcra Ha BCH cecci, 3a06paluch Bb HaplaMeHTS BB NOAHOIb. BD 
9TO BpeMA cTpaxa u3b Toyapa, CIBLYHX cTapHHHOMYy OObIaw, BBexeH- 
HoMy ene upH Ssopb Il, ocmarpupaerh OOBaIH NaplaMeHTa cB 
mbaph yObqnutsca, HBT AH TaM'b GoTeKS cb nopoxomb. Ho Bb BTOMb 
roxy, Kakb H BO BCh Upexbayolie, cTpama He Haldia 82 KaMe@HHEIMA 
HOIOHHAMM KpHNTa He TOIbKO HOBaro [aficbokca, HO Name u cyddpa- 
WHCTEY, KOTOPAA BHMaIaIa OF cakpaMeHTasboyM @pasy: <Vote for 
Women!» 

Ho BOTs cubxXb H DIYTEA BL DasaTb BHesaHO NpeKpaTHAnch. 3a 
Asepbw, azeko Bb rayOaHb Koppuxopa, pasiaaocs BOCKIH Danie: 

— jlopory cmukepy! 

— Jlopory ciaxepyl—nxpnsayad O1nme, DOTOMD emle Orume, LOTOMS 





48% ABIAlu. 3 


cehqach Ke 3a ABOPbO, KOTOPaH INHPOKO pacnaxHysacb. Iloxasaica 
fiaplameatcuifi mpucTras Serjeant-at-Arms, BB kocTioMb XVII wbea, 
Cb TPOMAJHLIN'S CKUNCTPONDL NadaTH OOMHHS, BIH «LyOaHos» (mace) 
H4 04040ax'b. 3a HUM TOPMECTBEHHO BLICTYNACTL CHHKCPh, Bb ChAOMD 
Rapush, wb AnHHHON yepnol meaxoBol MaHTiM NOBepxb OapxaTsaro 
socthMa AVI wha. da coukepomb, cabayworb cle Aba OplcTaBa Hu 
kanetann. jlenyratu, ychpwieca ysxe Ha mbcTaxb, NOWTHTeIbHO NOA- 
HAMAIVICH HM KRAAAAWTCA «ilepBOMY KOMMOHepy», KoTopufi, Bb CBO! 
ONCPelb, KAANNeTCA caMoMy ceOb: upeRge wbMb ycbcrscA BB EpecaAO, 
CTOAU{ee LOWb OATTAXHHOM'L, COKKEPh TPHRAL KIAHACTCA CBOOMY Lpe- 
croay, Namedanb MpOddTHBaerb KOPOTKY!O MOJHTBY; 3aTbM's carbayerh 
upogeaypa Top:kectaex#aro shake hands: KOMMOHepLI OAuHS 3a Apy- 
ruMD MOAXOJATL KL Upercbyateso u oOmMbHuBaIOTCA Cb HEM’ pyko- 
noxatiemb. HO yOTh ONATh passaduCh BOCKIULAHi2 BL KOppHAOps, a 
-3uThMB DOCAMMAACA CTYKB BE ABepb. Llocoarb Orb BepxBel NasaTH,— 
<1C10BbEb Cb UCPHHML KesramMpD» (Black Rod),—npocurs y koumo- 
Heposp paspbimesia Botira. Oxb upunecd u3sskcrie, IO KOpoab MpH- 
‘OWib Bb BepxHWW Ilasary 4 Oyserh YATATh TPOHHYO pba. Cunkeps 
MOJACHHO NOAMHMALTCH C'b MpecTota (Oc bUAOCTL He IPAAHWeCTBYeTh 
TOMY, KOFO Upeycrapareay RBcef CrpaHhl Mpv3hHaId neperiats cCpeaH 
-ceoa). Beabab 3a Serjeant-at-Arms cb AyOunoli Ha nxeVax, npesCc- 
AaTel’s AderL iy Nepexosawb, BeAYULEM'b Bb 3OOGCHHY!IO BEpXHIOW 
nagaTy. «Yeaonbes Cb YePHLIMD AeSIOMBb» NOKAsHIBAeTL Opory, ko- 
Tepyw Bch oTanaHO 3nanTh. Kommoveph Obryrs nocaymarTh TOAD yi 
pbub, KOTOPaA MHOFHM'L B3'b HHX'b OTAHIAO U3ZBbCTHA ye. KoppaaOph 
g6 vcobesHo wuporp. IlectbcorTh kOMMOHEPOb, HasaBIABAaWMlUX’s 
C8aJH, 3QCTABIANTD CBUTY Clukepa HK Jase efO CaMOrO YCKOPHTL Mars. 
Wnoraa Hapoanbie lpesctaBuTean, cpequ KOTOPHXL He Mado apazcti 
OWHS MOMBINXS, Bh AAMLAOML KOppusoph yoogxobaswrca : rpynu’s 
IMKOJLHHKOBD, HTpawmlaxb Bb «TbcHyw Oa6y». Bs ocobeaHocTa 9sTO 
OuBato sbrh 35—30 Tomy Hasaib. Y Bxola Bb BEPXHHW Malary 
UpPAcTaBh JOAKeXbL OCTABUTh AyOuAY. Mi BHAUMB TYTS OOAOMOKD 
OAHOFO B3b OOHUAeBL, UMBBIUEXS Korga-to rayOokoe saayegie. Kax- 
Aad M3b WadlaTh PCBHHBU OXpaHseTL CBOH UpaBa H UpuBaszerin. Toqo 
TAK Ke, KARL GKYMMOHCPLW He BAYcKAIOTh «4etuBbKAa Cb YePALIM'b 
WEBZAOM'SY, MOKYAA WOCOI BePNXHEA NaslaThl HE MOMPOCHTS CMAPeHHO 
TLOSBOJEBIA,— AOPALL HE UO3BOANIOTS, YOO Kb HHMD BACCAL <AyOuHy», 
ABIAOMYIOCH CHMBOIOMh BAACTH HM ABTOpHTeTa Huei HazaTH. Bom, 
MGGeMy OME UBD MpHCTABOBD oOcTaeTca cb AyOuvof 3a ABepLMH. 
TYoxomedie ABAD DABHLIMdD DABHO H3MBHHAOCCH BB Anrsin. Tenepb xo- 
BAHEBAMN CIPANH ABINIOTC TOIBKO KOMMOHepL. OHH Kpbuko FepKatrh 
MBOIOKD Cb Hapossull nasnvil, OH, Bb CYUAMOCTH, COLTABIiloTS Upa- 
BUTCILCTBO; HY, COXpaHAN Popsty CTAPHHLI, CIHLEP'b HO BXOMITL Bi 
BepXnww Waray, a OCTAHaARAUBAeTCH Y MbaHaro Wecta (Bar), KoTO- 
PHMB B31Topowenb vepexoys. PAIOMb Cb UePBLIM'b KOMMOHEPUM'D 
CYOATE SHCAOBENL CL UCPHLIMb 2C3I0ML? HW Serjeant-at-Arms (upH- 
1}* 


4 HIOHBO. 


CTaBbh HHmaeH axaTH). [lozaqu TOAMATCH KOMMOHEPH H YWeHW Ka- 
OuHeTa, KOTOPHe BHpadcTasd kARACC CAOBO TPOHHOH pbiy. Taxkaws 
OOpasoNb COxpaHseTCA HAAwWSIA, ITO AOPAN TAKRE CTOATS BO TaaBs 
AHrdil, Kakb Ce@MbCOTh XBTE TOMY HA3AA'b, KOTMa TOpAue OaponH 
BHpBaiH y loanHa BessemesbHaro sHaMeHHTylO XapTiw. Jaa coxpaue- 
Hia Toh me H4IAN3iH TPOHHAd pBYb HaSHBaeTca «koposeBcRoh», King's 
Speech. Jlopa rKannzeps, 


a. THHOMDS 
YcTpoewHHA Apepxe cBepmas o6piap,*,— 


BOSBBAeTh NPOlb HayaJOMb TCHiA, ITO PbIb OyAeTh «Bb cOO- 
CTBCHEHXD ero BeiHyeCTBa CxOBaXb». Bb cTapHHy, KOrRa KOpPORH 
ObaH enle abcUANTHLIMH BJACTeAHHAMH AHYais, OHH, ABACTBHTEIDHO, 
Bb TpoHHOH pbyy cooOmlars, ITO OHH Ham'bpenu whaaTs. Kommonepuc 
TOrAw O683aHH OAH OCYMeCTBHTL pabory, HaNbyeHHyW AZ HHXD 
Kopoiemb. QueHb YacTO Bb TakOH pbyH FuBOpHAOCCh Upo penpecciz. 
TeoperHaeckH paso HawbuaTb paboTy Aid KOMMOHEPOBD OCTaAOCh 8a 
ROpOHOH; HO (AKTHYECKH CO BpeMeHH PeBOIWDIe TPouHaa Pbib BcergZa 
COCTaBIaeTCaA KaOuHeTOMD, KOTOPHA OTBBTcTseHD DepeAD napsyaMeH- 
TOM 8a Kaxn0e ef CIOBO. TeopeTH4eCRH, VapsAaMeHTh HE MORETL OPH- 
CTYNATL Kb SakOHOJaTesbHO pa6oTb, UOKYAa KOPOIb HE YKARETL BB 
cxoe pban nporpamMy wbaTeabuyocru. IlpakTHyeckuw ae cO BpeMeHE 
PeBOAMDIA NapsAaMeHTh OVENS YACTO PasCMATPHBAeTh BaOHOHPOERTH, 
He yMOMAHYTHe Bb TpoHHOH pbau. Upoesrs koposesckoi pbia Ha- 
OpachiBaeTca UpeMbepoMb, KEOTOPHH NepeszacTh ee MOTOMS KabaHery 
na pascmoTpbuic. Ka6uners umbers cao AWdonHTAyH ucTopin. Ha- 
TipacHoO CTazH OH MEI HCKATB BE anbazaxb auraiiicso EKOHCTHTYDIE 
KoporeBckifi MpHRasSt WAH DWapiaMenTceifi 3akoHD OO yapeaeHix Ka- 
6uHeta. Bee jepHutca Ha O6n4ab. BosHukh kabnserh TakaM OOpa- 
30M'h. Ya'e OapoOHH, BHIpBaBlie y kKoposa Bearnuyio Xaptin, Tpe6ozaag, 
YTOOL] RKOPOAb HE NPeCAUPHHAMAID HHKAKHXD pbuesifi 6e3tb Magnum 
Concilium, moryanBmaro BHOCAbACTBIN Ha3Banie Tafigaro coBbra (Privy- 
Council). Kopoab o688aHb CLITh COBbDaTLCA CL TaHEHNb COBbTOM'; 
HO ye BO BpemMeHa CrioaproBL Privy Council oTkashiBasca 6bITh 10- 
CAYMAN BCHOMHNTCAeMb WPHKAsOB’b KOPOHH. Torga kopoab HSB we- 
HOBb Tafnaro coBbTaA crarb OTORpaTLD Hanboxrbe paboabHHNXDd 4 No- 
CAYMHWX, KOTOpHe cobupaluch Bb OAHOMDS 3b KAOHHETOBD Asopna. 
TakoBo lponcxompenie xadunema. On Nepexvab peBorwnilo 1688 r. 
Hi M@X0-T10-Maly HSMBHHACAH HACTOIBKO, YTO OCTAXUCh TOAbKO HasBa- 
Rie. «HaOeneTh» CTaib BHpPasHTeleME Kelanif He KOPOHM, a Hapora. 
KopoaH Joaro He MOFAH UPUMAPETECA Cb ThMb, YTO KaOBHeTh PoOpME- 
pyeTcA He H3b LOCAYINHHXb HMB AO; Jake Mpa NepBHXb KOpOLaXs 
TaHHUBCPCKOH AHHACTI KOPOHa HaBaShibala NapszaMeHTY CBOeru AOpxa- 
Kaniiepa. H Trombko Bb KoHOS XVIII Bbka Kadanerh UPNHAs TOTS 
XapakTepb, KaRb Tellepb, T. €. CTal’b COBBTOMb BomTeH NapsaMeHtT- 
ckuh WOmNTHYeCKOH MapTin, pacnorarawimel OOIbWIHECTBOM'b T0.10COBb, 





H3'b ARPAld. 


ABOHPAeMAIXD HE KOPOACMh, 2 TlABALIMb ANAepOM’ Daptiv. HKoponwa 
AOaTO He XOTBAa OTKABATHCA OT WPaRn& BMBMATeIbCTBA Bb WbIa Ka- 
Ouneta. Ht TOAbKO CO BpeMeHH BCTYMAewiA Ha Tpectorb BaKTopid ka- 
OWHCTH OKOHVATO.IBHO UPHANMACTh TOTS XapakTeph, KOTOpHA umbeTs 
Teneps. 

Ka6akeThb TUWAaTeIbHO BBBSINHBACTH, TARb CKABATS, KARLYIO OYKBY 
TpOHROH PBI, KOTOPad MOTOMD JAeTCA AIA NOAMHCH KOpoaw. Ilocab 
pesoswnii H38BBCTRH Ba Caydaa, ROTAa TPOHHAaA pbib He cRpbi.is- 
AaCh NOJNHChH Koporg. ITO O10 BB 1798 uw 1810 Lr. Bo Rpena 60- 
absau (ymonombmatezsctBa) Ceopra ILI. Bb o60nxb cryyaaxt, BM BCTO 
HOAMHCH KOpOAH, pbib Obl1a, 6e3b BbIOMA ero, ckpbuacHa Taino 
NewaTbw, UpHIOReHHOH  JOpAOM - XpauuTesemB es *). CoraacHo 
065430, YCTAHOBICHHOMY Cb HO3allaMATHHXb BPeMeHb, TPOHHAA PBIB 
AbaAWTCH Ha TPH YacTH. Bh vepso Koporb OOpamaerca Kb AOPAAMS 
H Kb KOMMOHepaMb (My Lords and Gentlemen). Bs net rosopatca 
06% HHOCTPaHAHXh b1aXd uNMepin. SarbMb CABAYETS BIOPAA YACTD, © 
CheniaibHo OOpamenhad Kb KoMMOHepam («Gentlemen of the House 
of Commons»), Bb KOTOpoh roBOpHTcA O MHHAHCOBHIXS pedopmax's, 
TOKb RAK CO BPECMCHH PCBOAWTIM TOABKO TadaTa OOMHHD KOT POJE- 
pyeTh pacxofopanic HaApOAHEIXh Zenerb. BL Tpetbe wacta TpoHHot 
pba kopoab, oO6pamlasch Rb «<JOplaMb HU WKCHTCIbMOHAMD» OOBAXD 
TasaTh, coodmaers 06% OOMEMS NOAOReHiN MPOMBMAeHHOCTH H Ha- 
MB@aeTH PAI ZAKOHONPOCKTOBS. 

[flocr& pesorpnin 1688 r. neBBCTHEI TOJbKO Ba cayaas, kKOrsa 
KOPOAh, IATAA Tponayio pbb, npub6aBuASB CAOBa, KOTOPHXS He 64110 
BB Hefi. Be nepsult pass To 610 Bb 1760 r., Rorga MaplaMeRTh 
oTEpuBaas LTeoprs Ill, nepsuft soporm nocab pesornniv, poqaBmilica 
Ha anraiftcnofi nowt. Teoprs Il 61% abMerb & 0-anrsilicea noqTHA 
He ropopuab. Bots nowemy caoza, opHOapreHana ors ce6a [Teop- 
roms [il eb TpoHHOH pba: «Tart kakb A powsens Bb aToH cTpansB, 
TO TOPKych HMeHEMD OpuTanwa», — BH3BAIH HeEOOHKHOBeHHHH oHTY- 


*) HuocTpaunest O6LKNOBeHHO UPHBOAHTS Bb HeOgOyMBuie THTYIH HB- 
KOTOPHIXS YICHOBL KaOuneTa, KAKb ,y10PAb NpesHAeHTd cCoBhbta*, ,AOpAd 
XpaHAteib Tafiyof neaarn* (Lord Privy Seal) n np. Jlopas nupesnzenTs“ 
WpeACHAATeNLCTBYCTh Bb THXS PBAKAXS CyiWaAXb, korga coO6upaetca Tait- 
AG cosbrs (Privy Council). Korga-tro y xopyqa-npesHyeuta 6nI0 MHOrO 064- 
sanHoctef; Tenepp OHS Bch HOCATR CiuyIahHH xapaxtepsb. [locrb aToTh 
cyWlecTByeTh IA TOrO, ITOOH Bapy3IHTbCA BS KAGHHETS COTPYAHHYECTBOMS 
TANAATABBALO HAH BAIATeIbHAarO ZOpAA. . 

To 2xe CaMOe MOJKNO CKasaTb HO TOpAB xpannterh Tahwoh neyarn. Korgqa-¢o 
TaAHEI COBBTb, OOPACh Cb KOPONEMS, NACTOAND, ITOOH KAHWIephb He UpPH- 
KAaIWBaAIb TOCYWapCcTBeHHOA NeiwaTH Kb [pamMoTaMb HH KB pacnopsxe- 
HidMb KOPONd, NOKYAAa AOKYMCHTH 3TH HE OYAYTS CKPBONeCHH TeYaTbw co- 
Bbra. Cb sto whibw Tahu cOBLTh HasHadHAD, xpanutenia ,Tahnon ne- 
yaTH*. Auraifickie Kopoda yxe WaBHO HC BONWNTS Cb KaOHHCTOMb; HO HOCTB 
»XPaHAtTera TaAHOA DeqaTH* ocTascH, XOTA caMoH neyaTH ye HETB. Ha 
MOCTH 3ITOTh WpeMbeph HAsHAWRCTH TaanTANBAaro WH ONBITHATO CONSHHKa, 
npHhallexamaro Kb BepxHel nanarsh. 


6 LMIOHEO. 


siasMb. BnocabacTBid STOTS BOCTOPlh TpamAahb CHALHO OCTHE, TAKS 
KaKb KOPOAb CXBAAID PANS HOYAAIALIXD NOUNTORS BOSBPAaTHTBCA Kb 
adcoawTusmy. Bropoft cayaa mpossomexs Bb 1836 r. LlapszamesTs 
OTEPHBaIt wpecrapbanf Buasremms IV, spbaie koToparo CHABEe 
ocza6‘b10. Mexay Tub TpoHHaA pbw Oza nepenucana He OCcObeHRE 
7eTKO. Kopoxb, CHOTHRAaACh Ha KAaKIOMh CAOBS, IPOYHTAXS HBCKOIBKO 
CTpORb, 38aTBME UpHOaBuab Ppasy, KoTopoit we Owx0 BE TeRCTS: 

— Damn it, I can’t read! (Woprs no6eps! He mory aHTAaTs!) 

Bt 3aBHCHMOCTH OT XHTePAaTYPHHXb TakaHTOBb Wpembepa, KOpo- 
JeBCKad pbub TO BARS, TO ABIOBUTA, TO yKpalleHa MeTapopama. Ba- 
AHA PBIH cOcTaBIAIb 10prxp Meass6ypyHs. pu Aep6u, Wlaasmepcross, 
Taaacron’ a Coac6epx koposena BHpamkaszach Bb cRoell pbin daKkoHH- 
yeckH A WbioBaTO. px Brxonchuapyb ABIAIHCh Bb TPOHHOR pbiR 
NOsTHIeCKiaA ykKpamenia. Bb onnoh phan cb Tpowa KoposeRa, Hagp., 
HTUpyeTh cTapHHAHk dxxzocodcrifi pomant Commosa JRoHCOoHa— 
«Paccerach». Bb pomaHb sToMb roRopHTca mpo repos Paccezaca, 
AOmUTalOMarocd BB cracT1HBOH oIMH'B, MOKyAa eTO NOSOBYTS Ba 
aduccnuckifi mpectorp. Bb xpyro# cBoei pban, rome upx baKonc- 
(PHILA, KOPOAeBA OBBTHCTO YNOMHHAIA UpPO «<HOBOe TYpNypHoe WAaTHO 
Ha KapTb» (nypuypb—rocyyzapcrTaeHan nests Aurain). [bao max0 @ 
HOBOK Kotoniv, Bputancroh Koxzym6in. Uepesb rox'b cTHab KOpo- 
JOB CT@aIb ONATh CYXUMS Ho IbIOBLIMD: BuKoncpaibla 3aMbHeIb 
Taagcton'b. Biro Bpema Bb ATA, KOTIA KOPOAU, ABAABIIECA OTEPH- 
BaTh NaplaMeHTb, BCTPbiaiw BHOTYA BpamjeduETH npiemsb. Takb Onde 
cb BuapreapMomb lV, korga crai0 HsBeCTHO ero OTPHWaTexbHOe OTHO- 
Mmenie KB pepopMamMb. Takb OHIO Bb COPOKUBHIXS FOAaXb Ch ROPO- 
nzepoh Bueropiefi, KoTopan m0, BiisHienb cBoero IpHAa-cyupyra, 
IPHBHKMAarO Kb HSMCUKUMB HPaBaM’, MpohoBaza OOpoTbcA Ch HeAa- 
Hiewp KaduHeTa. BnocabycTsin uMa Burtopian 6140 OEPyReHO Opeoc- 
10Mb. JIOSIBHOCTh ABTIHYAHD MPeBPAaTHAACh Bb CBOETO POS KYIBTS. 
A Mealy TBMb OHIO BpeMS#, KOrza JOHAOHCKIe OOOpBanns KapaysHM 
y Toyapa, Takb Ban BCB NOBBPHAN CAyXYy, ITO KOPOAeBY H UpHANa- 
CyUpyra, 3a USMBHY Hapody, MOBe3yTh Bb TOCyNAPCTBEHHY!O THOPbMy. 
Kopoas dzyapas VII oorznsyeTca HeoOHRKHOBeCHHOK H BNOIHS 3acay- 
HCHHOH DONYIAPHOCThW. ITO—AKeHTCADMOHS Bh AVUMEMD CMBICIS 
copa. AHTIHYaHe BHIATS Bb HeMb CHMBOAB cBOeH coOcTBeHHOE 
BlacTH H cBOoOogH. HW ecan rpamjane BIIOIH'S AOMABHW CBOeMY KO- 
poll, OHS TARR AVAICHb CBOHMB Tpamlanam’. Izyapas VII crouts 
BHB 6oppOn oaptii. Onb He MITaeTCA IPHHATb CTOPOHY KOHCep- 
BaTOPOBb MW He BHAUTS BH TOO AnOepasoB’s AMTHATO OCKOpOzeHis. 
Kopoib HH AH6epalt, HH KOHCepBaTOpb: OHb—TOABKO CAMBOTB Ha- 
poqHok BaacTu. Korga rpaxane BHICKaSHIBAaNTCe 8&8 KOHCepBaTOpOss, 
Onyapys VIL paxyniHo MpHHuMaeTb, KAKb CBOHXS JMUHHX® rocre#, 
Baabpypa, UemOeprana, Jlonra u ap. Korga xe crpaHa mogaerb ro- 
AOCh 38 AnGepagxOBb, TOCTAMH Kopoas saBanwtTca Copp Tespn How- 
Oe1b-banepmont, Xarzzonsb, ACKBATE Ho AmonD Bepucs. Hopoap Ba- 








H8b ABLalH. 7 


AHTb Bb KOHCepBaTOpaxt u AMG6epalaxb He CBOHXS JHYAHIXD COW8- 
HHROBS HIH BparoBhb, & TOXbKO B8AaKOHBHXB Operctaputerzeh obOmel 
BCBM POAWHH. Ozyapys VII G6oxbe soszeHL cBOeMy Hapony, WhM'b 
pesaaeaT, Coegunennnixt, I[ltaropp. Kasay roxt, korga KOposb 
‘BleTh OTEPWBATb WaplaMeHTb. Fpaklahe DIYMHO BLIPaMaWTh CBO 
AOXAbHOCTS. Ona — WposBaeHie HCKPeCHHATO 4YKCTBA, & He cTpaxa. 
ANXOAAPYWOTS WH OOMAMMANOTE IADB XbACTBATeADHEIe rpawlane, a 
He nepeoxbriie wosaneticrie n mmionW. Bs Anraix rpaxjane Mori 
OH H He HOSHATL MJany upH upobsxb kopora. Ecau anrakyansald 
ABIaeTE 9T0, TO TOALEO HOTOMY, UTO WHTAeTh yBamebie Kb <TepBOMY 
rpamsaHnny» BpatTancrkofi aumepin. 


II. 


Kopodh DpownTayb TPOHHYO p'’bub, aw Yepesb ABCKOALDKO MBHYTS 
CKAaMbH UalaTH OOMHA CHOBa sanoIniaach. CHOBa NOABIAeTCA CIHE- 
Kepb, WpeqMecTByembfi MpHCTABOMh Cb «ZyOuHOH> Ha WAedaxb. CEu- 
H@Tpb RIALYTH HA CTOAR Neperb® cnukepom'’b. [lomaraerca, aro KuM- 
MOHEPH He 8SHANTS eme cosepxaHig kKOpotesckoh pbaiu, mosromy 
CHHKepb MpownTHBaeTh ee Narzarb. Ho mpeqpapHTeibHO cekpeTapb 
Hu «ACH NanatuH (The Clerkl of the House) BHOcHTDS HBCKOABKO 8aK0HO- 
WpoekTOBb. ITO TOAbKO pro forma. HasHBaNTCA TOIbKO 8aroIOBKH 
OHAXeH, H Mastara, He BLICAYMaBb UX, UPHVHAUMAeTS Bh MepBOMD UTe- 
Hin. OTO Tome O610MOK'S ruay6okol crapHHH, uNbwmil rpomayzHoe 
NpHADAMIaIbHOe sHayeHie. ThMb CaMhIM'b, YTO KOMMOHEPEI MpHHH- 
MAaNTD OHJIH panbie, SMB RBEICIYMAIn TpPOHAYW pbb, — Mmasata 
OOMBHD 3afBIAeTh CBO@ IpaBO HA pa3scMOTPbHie 3akKOHOBB, (OMHMO 
TBXb, EOTOpHe HaMBueHhl koposemp,. Bb TO BpeMA, KOTMAa KOPOIb 
RbHCTBUTCIDHO HaMbiarb UporpaMMy AbATeADHOCTH, NadaTa AoA 
Oba TOMOHCTPATHBHO AOKABHIBATb, ITO HABWIATHBA Bb 3akOHOLaTeAb- 
HOH paboTb mpunasiexuts elf. 

Tlaszara OOMMHR NPHHAIa Ba OAR Bb MepBOMb 4TeHIH, XOTA 
K8b 100 KOMMOHepOBh, OHITh MOReTS, YO He pascablatw Jake s8a- 
ruanis. daTbMb NOJWMMaeTCA CIHKCpb. OBB NOKAAMMBAeETL, ITO OLLI 
BE faiaTb MapoBb H BbICIYMANb «MHIOCTUBYHO TPOHHYW pub». 

— Jaa 6oabmei TOTHOCTH,—MNpoAOIMaeTh CUMKEPb,—A NOCTAIb 
KODIO H Telleph IpoaTy ee Bam. 

Bb STOMb TOLY TpoOHHaA pbub Kpafine Oorara cogepxaniemb. Mp 
HaXOXHMS yOOMUHAHie 0 WbAOMS paXb BAaKAWXS peopMy: oObMaab 
TpH SeCMCIBHHXb O10, WKOIbHHH, HOpMupoBKa pabouaro AHA Bb 
YIOAbHHXb WaXTaxh, 3aKOHONPOeKTS O KRHAMMAX padoyaro Ksacca, 
GHAIb O COKPAMeHIH IbAWCTBA H, HAKOHEIS, 0 TocysapcrBenHoli merci 
HAS BCBXB cTrapuKoBs. Ilocabygif saxenoupoekTa—camh Bama. 
Anraifickia Maccht ch HeTepmbHiemb jomagawtTca ero. OOb naptin 
o6bmaiau ety rpanziosxywm pedopmy. Bors yaxe 13 rbrs, kaxb pe- 
@opMa Oblda BIepBHe BLICTABIeHa NYHKTOMD H30uUpaTeAbHOH NporpanMEl. 





& NIOH E QO. 


CxbialH aTO KOHCepBaTOPH H OkepRaaK, BcabAcTBie sTOTO, OrecTAMLyH 
noobay Ha BH6opaxt 1895 r., Ho He Clhepmaan O6bolania. Bp Aarasin 
HWpeqomeH. OND UbAH PATS MPOCKTOBD Aaa paspbmenia Bonpoca 
O Mpecrapbanxh padoTrHakaxs. I[poekTW oro MORHAO pas binTh Ha 
TpH rpyldH: 1) rocyxapcTBeHHad cTpaxoBka paOOTHHKOBb; 2) NeHcis 
Jaa HBROTOPHXS; 3) eHciad Ais BebxXb. CocTaBATedH NpPOeRTOBD Dep- 
BoH rpyNh Npestarawrs, 4TOOH padovie CaMH BHOCHAN ONperbaeHHynw 
cymmy exerogao. Tocyzapcrso, cb cBoe# CTOPOHH, HAH DaTuTb M10 
STHME B3HOCaMb Gombe BEICOKIA MpOUeHTb, ThMb OONKHOBeHHO, BIH 
MpHOaBiAeTS OupesbAeHAYyH cyMMY. Takofi MpoeRTS cOcTaBHAH, MeMAY 
IpouuMs, 6ankupHt cb szopzomMb AxBepOepH (Jaonoms Je66oKomb) Bo 
riaBb. KpaTaku Bo3spaxalnTs cabgyonee. UpasuasHo BHOCUTh cTpa- 
XOBKY MOFYTb JHMb TeXHHYeCKH OOyeHHHIe padouie H TO IPA yc10Bin, 
uTO OYAYTb BCerja um'brb padory. ITH MacTepoBhe yate H TeMepb 
COCTOATh WICHAMH TDP9I’b-IOH1OHOBb, BHAAOULAXS MeHCil CTAaPHRAMS. 
Ilo BalqucnediaMt PayHTpH Oka3hiBaeTCA, 4TO SHAYNTeAbHad YACTb 
paOoTHHKOBb oryiaerh oTb 18—21 mua. pb Hexbaw. Tipu Takous 
sapaooTeB pabovie He Bb CHIaXb UAaTHTS cTparoBky. Besb BCAKHXS 
CPCACTBB KB CTApOCcTH OkABHBaWTCA YepHopaboyie, BC RA3Hb HOpos- 
mieca cb xponwueckoH OespaboTuneH (6nITb MOMerb, ITaTe.1 BCIOM- 
HITb MO@ WpOMA0e NHCHMO, Bb KOTOPOMS STOTS IYHKTb NOAPOOHO BH- 
acHeHt). Bpemenuaa OespaboTulla, 1AMawnad paboTHHka BO3MORAOCTH 
BHECTH CTPaXOBKY,—OTHHMeETS Y Hero paso Ha nencin. Takuws 
GOpasoMb MOMeTh CAYYATLCH, ITO Bb 55 aAbTS padoTHHRS NoTepsxeTS 
BCB B3HOCH, KOTOPHe AbAIb BB UposomKerie TpusnaTA ABTS. 

Ha ocnopanin sTaxb cooOpakenifi mpoexrs rocyzapcrBeaHok crpa- 
XOBKH pa6ousxb Ha cly4ali crapocTrH 04TH He AMbeTb CTOPOHHAKOBh 
Bb Anraiv. Padowie OTHOCATCH KB OSTOMY IIPpOeRTY He TOABKO PAaBHO- 
AYWHO, HO Jame Bpawye6Ho. Bropaad rpyoiia MpoekTOBb TOBOPHTS 0 
rocylapcTBesHok neHciv, HO TOABKO He JAA BCBXD, & Ald H3OpaHHHIXs. 
[leacia (Bb paswbpb 5 wan 7 IMHINHHTOBS Bb HEXBAW) BHAAeTCA 
CTapHKkaMb, JOCTHTMHMh 65 aAbTS, OpHTAaHCKHMD NOMaHHHM'b, MH 
co6awsenia cabaywouXS ycrosift: 1) ecaH OHH BD Hocrblwia @Bad- 
WaTb HTS He OAH ONOPOYeHE CYAOMb; 2) CCAH OHH BB TAKOH xe 
CPpORB He NolyyaanH OOMecTBeEHHOH nOMOMM; 3) eCiH OHH He Harbwrs 
noxoqa Oorpme, 4hMb 10 Ww. Bb Hemba0; 4) CCIM OHH BCH RKH3Hb 
ONAH TPYLOAWOHBH H OepemIHBH. Ilencia JOIKHA HOCHTD XapaktTeps 
O683aHHOCTH ToCcylapcTBa Kb Tpak§akuHy, a He 6AarOTBOPHTCIbHOCTH. 
CTapHku, KpOMb HCKANYCHHHIXD, YIOMABYTHMH YCIOBiIAMH, NOAYYawTS 
N@HCIOHHLIA KHHXKH, 10 KOTOPHMS HNDS usb OanKxaiimieH nowropok 
KOHTOPH BbIJaeTcA 00 cy66oTams orb 5—7 mus. Bo ito obofReTca 
Takada pedopma? Ilo paaHcaeHiamb, BB 1907 r. Bb Coeq,HHeHHOMS 
Kopozesctsb 65140 BCX CTAapHEOBS Bh BOspacTs OT 65 ETE — 
2.116.267. Wish Hux pzoxorp G6oabme 10 mux. BB HEXBALO HM ban 
778.283; cTapHEOBS Nayneposh On110 541.682, aHOCTpaHeBS, Npectryn- 
HHKOBD 4 6e3yMHHIXb—33.661 4 HakOHeNS HAMAXD H Opoxsrb—7 6.185. 





H3'b AHTHIH. 9 


TakuMb O6Pas0Mb, CTAPHKOBL, KOTOpHe HMB Ob OpaBo Ha rocy- 
AapcTBeHHyw Nencin, 6410 686.456. Kcan cuaTaTb DeHCcil0 Bb pas- 
wbpb 5 WW. Bb Hembaw x eme 3°/ Ha pacxoau, TO OcymecTBaAeHie 
pedopMH o6ciizetca BD 10.780.000 . cr. BB ron'b, T. ©. Bb CTO MHd- 
MIOHOBL CIHMIEOMD pyOseit. 

Konrpecc® Tpai'h-HIOHHCTOBB OTBeEPTh NOAOOHH MpoeKkTh rocy- 
RapcTBesHow Mencil Wa AbKOTOpHIXS. Ipn stom Onan BHICTABACHHI 
crbayiomie apryMeHTH: 1) mpaBuTetscTBO He HMBeTS TWpaBa ABMATh 
nencix TbX% CTapHKOBh, ROTOpHe OnarogapA coOcTBeHHOH Gepexan- 
BOCTH CKONHAH JOXORD Oorbe 10 mw. Bb HeAbaw; 2) BcrbsctBie TpyAHOCTH 
KOOvITh padoTy MHOriv YepHopadouie, OnITh MOMeTS, Fake OOALMIHH- 
CTBO HXb, BHHYHICHH! HHOTAa upHObraTh Kb oOmecTBeHHOH Gxzaro- 
TBOPHTCABBOCTH; 3) TOTH UYHKTS, rb ropopaTca oO Oepeminsocts, 
Kakb HeOOXOJHMOMb YCAOBIH pasa Ha MeHCil0,—OWeHb pacTaxuNt; 
OHB HoTpeOyerTb chickHOl KanDeispin, KoTOpasd kKpafine crbcHaTh 
cBoOony rpaxgaub. Bs 1905 r. KOHCepBaTHBHOe MMHHCTEPCTBO IFpO- 
BelO 3aK0Hb 0 OespaboTHHxh, Bb CHAY KOTOPArO cNeNiaabHble MBcTHHe 
KOMHTeTH, YOIBBIINC MpesBapuTeabHo, 4TO OOpamawmieca 8a pabo- 
ToH pbicrsuterbHO He UMMBOTHh Cf, NOAYYANTS UPaBo MpinCKHBath 
3apaooToRb Hyafaiomumcs. Jaa upoBbpew NpaBh HYRAAWWNKcA Ha 
Bapa60TORD UPAMAOCh, 3aBeCTH CileDialbHba pasBBOYRHIA KaHte- 
Aspiu. HM noayaHa0ch BOTS 4TO: DeHTpatbaAn AOHJOHCKI \KOMHTeTS 
TOMomja Oespa6oTHHIMb H3pacxOAOBaIb Bb UPOWIOM TORY wa opra- 
HH3aii0 OOMecTBCHHNXS paooTs 45 THcAIb @. cT., a Ha «pasBb04- 
HY kKaugelaspio»—25 THcays @. ct. Pycckie NPHBHIKAK H HO Bb 
“‘TAKHMB SBIeHIaMb, HO aBTAIH4ahb OHM UPHBOLATS BL yRACH. « Bo- 
200H%e€ MHPHTbCA Cb TBMD, ITO HHROTOPWEe GyAyTH 3x0yNOTpeOAATh 
CBOUMD UpaBoMb, — TOBOPAT AHTIAIaHC,—4BM'S Ch TpOMO3SAKHMH, 
HOpOro CTOAUIHMH KabWelapiaMy>. 

Ene NWATHAAHATh ABTS TOMY Hasal% AaBTOPh KAMBTAIbHAarO B3CH'b- 
WOBaHixA RUBHA Bpoxerapiata BE MOHZOHS AOKasaNs, ITO rocysap- 
CTBOHHad Dencia HeOOXOAUMA H 4TO ee CIBAYCTE AaTb BCBMB CTapH- 
Kam?b Oe35 HcCEM0UeHIA *). Telepb Tpez'b-MHiOHH, MHOTie AHOepaaH H 
KOLCePBaTOPH COTAaCHh Cb BHBOROM'S, Kb KOTOPOMY UpHxogZHT Bytcs 
(Gapib3pb, ane «renepairt>» Apmin Coacenix). Pasm bp rocyzapcrsen- 
HOH ekciH ODperbAcHLI Bb UAT WHIIHHTOBS Bb HOABAW. JTa cymMa, 
XOTA H HE AaeTh BOSMORHOCTH CTAaPHKAMB HHTb CAMOCTOATEIBHO, HO 
HOSBOLUT>D UMD OWTh HE BB TALOCTH POAHHMB. «BL KPYTAHXd Dud- 
pax’b,—4HTaeMb MH BE OTYeTS cheviaibHO ROMMCCIH, HasHayeHHoO# 
Bb 1895 r. ara uscarbjopania BONpOca O NeHCiH Axa UpectapbAHxh, — 
43% 10 cTapHekOBh Bb BOSpAaACcTS OTS MecTHAecATH UATH IbTE,—Tpoe 
o6palavtca Eb oOOMecTBeHHOH NOMOMH. SHATeHie STHXS NHQPDd yse- 
AMGHBATCA, CCAH MHI BCIIOMHHMS, ITO TpeTh BCerO HacexeHiA MpH- 
HAJ H@KHTS Kb SAaXATOURHMD KAACCAMS, HB KROTOPHXS He BHXOLATS 








*) Charles Bouth. Pauperism. A Picture and Endowment of Old Age. 





10 NiO HE oO. 


naylepH. Ecaa MB BHYTeEMD NpecTapblAwHxb Ale samuTOUHaro 
Kuacca, TO MOAYIATCH, ITO H3b KAaIWXb COMM CTAPHKOBS HS Apy- 
TAXB KAACCOBb,—Tp0C BHAYRACHH OOpallaTbcd Kb O6MeCTBeEHHOL 
noMomH. Ha Hach IponsBei0 Take CHAbHOe BUeIaTAbHie TO,—Upo- 
AOIKAOTH ABTOPH OTYeTA,—4TO KPOMB ABHCTBUTCALHHXD NayleposBs, 
NPHSpbBAeMEIXS OOULECTROMS, MEI BHBAY MHOMECTBO CTAPHEOBD, Tep- 
NAMIHXb ABMeHIA, YTOOH HMBTh BOSMORAOCTS HATH CKOABKO HUOYAL 
HesaBHCuHMO. MW NpHmsH Takme Kb 3akINYGHIW, ITO yTBepmeHie. 
OyATO OBAHOCTS BE CTApOCTH OOYCAOBIMBAeTCA NbAHCTBOMD, FBHOCTSN, 
Gessa6oTHOCThiO H TOMY MOXOOHHIMH IPHYHHaMH,—BBPHO TOAbKO Bb 
OYCHb HCMHOFHXD cryyaaxh» *). 

VUtagt, Bb ARTiin HawbaeHbl Tpd Npoerta odesneyenia crapHKOBD: 
TOCYAapcTBeHHaA CTpPaxoBka, WeHcia Jas usOpanhHxb A Neucia A439 
BCBXb. BOIbMHHCTBO PePOPMATOPOBS, Bb CHAY MPHBeACHANXS BIME 
cooOpaxenifi, CumTalTh noca bagi upoesTs Han6omrbe cnpaseqaaBHMD 
H YXOOHHMS. Bo3sHHKaeTbh BONpPOCh: BO CKOAbKO OOofseTCA OCyMecTBAe- 
Hie pedopmH? Mat Buabrs, 4TO Bb 1907 Yr. BCBXL CTAPHEOBb Bb 
Bospactb oTb 65 rbTh OHO Bb KPYTIWX Wudpaxs 2.116.000. Ecau 
TIPCAMOAORUTS, YTO BCB OHH ABATCA 8a TOyyeHieMS MeHCiy Bb WATS 
IKI. Bh Hexbawm, TO rocyzapcrBy eTo oOofigetcs Bb 27.508:000 d. cr. 
Rb YOMb, He CYATAA pacXuJOBb Ha agMunHcTpaniw. Ho Aaaeko He 
Bcb cTapHka UpesbaBaTb TpeOoBania Ha iicucin. To pascweramt 
Puxunna CHayzeza, 3a Nexcieli He ABATCH: 


500.000 GoraTHXxb cTapHkos. 

80.000 rocynapcTBeHHEIXh NeHcionepoBb (BOeHHIXS, MOps- 
KOBb H YHHOBHAEKOBD). 

70.000 naynepoBh, DpH3spBBAeCMHIXS BL OoraTbipHAaxd. 

34.000 npecTyNHHKOBD, HHOCTpaHleBb A Oe3syMHEIX'b. 


TakaMb OOpas0mMb, 4YHCAO WeHCiOHepoBb YMeHbUIATCA JO 1.432.000. 
Takb Kakb KamxIbi CTapHkS OAyITS 10 13 @. cr. Bb Toxb (5 TH. 
BE HeABIIO), TO cOxepRanie Upectapbinxs oOofyetcs rocysapcrey 
BB 18.619.470 gd. cr. Bb romp (T. e. 186 Maz. pyO.). Ecan opn6a- 
BHTB eme 3°/, Ha a{MHHHCTpanil, TO noryaMAD 1Y mua. @. CT. Saa- 
WHTCIbHAaA YACTb STOH CYMMHI YRC UMBETCH, TAKb Kakb Bb ARTIF 
BCh KBaPTHPOHAHHMATeCAM DAaTATh BHCORIA cueNiadbHhii HaAOrh BS 
Nombsy ObAWHX. Cofepmanie pabownxh JOMOBD OOXOAHTCA DOUTH BD 
10 mua. . cT. BB rons. Kpomb Toro u8b cClelialbHHXb CYMM’b BH- 
aeTCdA Telepb HCHMYOIHMS CTapHKaMb, KABYNIAMDE He BB pabowaxs 
foMaxb, nocodia (outdoor relief) Bb pasmbpB 1.855.000 g. cr. Ipo- 
THBb IpPOekTa TOCYAapCTBeHHOH MWeHCcin JAX BCBXS BHICTABIAWTCA zea 
Bospaxenia: 1) neacia cybaaeTh Macch MeH'be GepeRIHBHMH; paGor- 
HHEH, 8Ha8, YTO HXb CTapOcTb BCe paBHO OGesneyeHa, He OYAYTS ot- 





ee ee 


*) ILnTnpoBpano Bb ,Reformers’ Year Book*, sa 1908, crp. 131. 





H3'b AHIJIH. Ik 
r] 


SHaABIBATh Ha ‘lepHhili Web; 2) AAA TOCywapCcTBeHHOH neHcix Tpe- 
OyeTca CAMIUKOMb MHOFO JeHerh. SalldTHHKH encik BOspakawrt, 
Ha Depsoe: «BE HacTosmiec Bpema 200.000 o6mecTBeHHHXxt neHcio- 
HepoBh WoryiawTh yxe oKOI0 10 Mua. dd. CT. OTH TocysapcrTBa wu 
YaCTHHXS KommaHii; ThMb He *MeHBe, 9TH Newcioneph He wMeHbe 
O€PCRABBL, SMB OCTAIbHHe rpaxsane». Bropoe Bospamesie, T. e. 
CcHIKAa Ha Oo1bMie pacxoOgH, BCTPbaaeTCH TAKHMb apryMeHTOM'®: 
«AnT3ia—camaa Ooraras crpana BB Esponb. px naniodarbHoMt 
AOXoAB Bb 2000 Mag. tb. CT. CTPaHHO [OBOPHTb O FOMB, YTO TPYAHO 
Halita 10—12 mua. d. cT. BB TOMb. OTH WeHbrH He O6yyTS OTe- 
pAHH, Takb Kakb OCTAHYTCA Bb cTpanb. Beabycrsie Toro, 410 yBe- 
AAWHTCA MOKYMATeAbHAd CMOCOOHOCTh MUIAIOHA CIBIIKOMD WeIOBBED, 
YAYWMHTCH MoLomenie ToproBiu. FocyzapcrsenHaa Mencia BHAaeTca 
CTapHEaMb Bb Tpexb abraifickaxt Kotoniaxb: Bb Hosoit derauzin, 
Hozsomt TOxnomp Youscé xu BB Bugropiv. O pasmbpb nenciu 
H O YACIB MencionepoBb Waerh MpedctaBJenie c.rbaviomad TabrnyKa. 


Maximum nencin = ‘Incao neHucio- = Cron wocrs Bb rons 


(Bb HeAB100). HepoBb. 
Hopags Senaugia . 10 man. 11.770 325.000 @. er. 
Hos. Ox. Yaancs. 10 maa. 22.000 508.000 @. cr. 
Buxtopig. .... 8 mmHg. 11.452 205.000 . cr 


. Wpasutersctse o6biai0 Bb TpOHHOH phan rpanpiosnywo pedopmy, 
KOTOPY Ch TAKHMB HeTepmbaieMb RAYTS aAuTsifickin Macchl H He 
MOKOTh yRe OTCTYOHTD. Kc MUHHCTpb QuHAaHCOBB CKaKeTh Bb 
MapTb mbcanmb, korga BHeceHh GyleTh OAKeTH, ITO peopMy Mmpu- 
XOMBTCA BPCMCHHO OTHOMATH, TAKb KAKb HeOOXOAUMBL TPOMA HEE 
PacxOMH H HaABUraeTcA IPOMLIMNAeHHLIH Mpu3Hcb, TO 8TO AacTs Be- 
AHKOIBOBYH KapTy CTOPOHHAKaMb mpoTeroionusma. «EKcau an6epatp- 
HOG MHHHCTePCTBO,—CERaRYTb OHH,—He Bb COCTOAHIH OCYILECTBUT 
pedopuy, uMba OesnpumbpHoe Oo1bMAACTBO Bb MadaTb (350), To 
B3HAaWHTh, InG6epadH ne Zomams -taTb padownmpB Old Age Pension. 
Ecaa a1H6epaihl He BHOCATb 3aKOHOUPOCKTa BB Takoe BpeNs, KOrJda 
OpHTaHCkad TOPTOBId AOCTHTAa alores, 3HaqHTb, ITO NpH cBobosHOt 
TOPTOBIB TakY!O peopMy OCYMeCTBUTb HeBOSMOKHO». Tab HMeHHO 
yObsiai4 mpotesmionncrnH u36npatrezeli Bb Mid Devon a BB Herford, 
rab OHA Ofepmal Haynaxb Gorbmywo nooOb~sy wayb AnOepatamy Ha 
ONOAHATCIbHHIXE BHIOOpaxh. Wa6upareau MoBbpHAM, 4TO Tocysap- 
CTBCHBHY) MeHCIN BOSMOAAO OCYDICCTBHTb TOALKO MPH «pacmBpeHxix 
6asuca TapA@HHXb obs0meHif»; ATO MpOTeRNIOHH3MB O3HadaeTS 
«<paooTy AIA BCBXB H MeHBIMie HAXOrH», TAKb Kak'b BCA TARECTS 
UOCIBAHAXS WaleTh «<H& HWHOCTpanneBh». BuorHb BO3MOKHO, YTO 
IOPAB, H@CMOTPA HA TO, ITO BAKOHONPOCKTE O rocyzapcTBeHHOn 
newcii JI CrapuKoB ectb «Money Bill», Tr. e. jenexHnii On14b, 
KOTOPH BePXHA alata He MOMCTh KalbizTb,—pbmiatca orsep- 
THYTb ero. Bb TAaKOMb CAyiab,—TOBOPATh KOMMeTCHTAHIC T0AK,— 
JiIPAaBHTeIbCTBY OCTAeTCA TOABKO OOpaTHTBCA Kb CTpaH'b, KoTOpas, He- 


¢ 


12 RIOR EO. 
. \ 

COMABHHO, AacTh momnoMOvia KaKb Ha Old Age Pension, Taxb vA Ha 
pawuKalsAyw pedopmMy Bepx#elt nazarH. Bompocs 0 rocyzapcTBesHol 
NeHcin JIM CTapHKORS OOCTOUTS Tenmeph Takb, ITO, NOObAN TeNepb 
KOHCeEPBaTOPH, OHH Bb Depry we cecciY BHHYyKIeHRE OyAyTS 
BACCTH sakOHOMmpoekTh oO encin. IlpereseHToBb ono_o6Haro porxa 
Bb TapjaMeATCKOH HCTOpiH ARPLiiH MHOTO: ROHCepBaTOpH BHeECAH Bb 
1867 rv. Bropoh On115 O poopMaxh, XOTH CaMH He3aqorro Jv 
TOTO AOKA3HBalH, YTO Tako 38aKOHb PaBHOCHAeHb PeBOAWMIR; KOH- 
cepBaTAaBHoe MHANCTepcTBO Coac6epu gaszo Upaangia wepoxoe m‘ber- 
HOG caMOylpasasenie, XOTA TOI Re Cojchep AOKABHBaAb$ KOTAA OTF 
pepopmy xorbat ocyniectauTb Tsagqcront, TO 3semcKOe H MYOHON- 
NeAbHoe caMoympapasenie Ha OpHHB «<enle xyme TOMpyaa». 


IIf. 


BropoH m6 BamkHocTH ON1Ib, KOTOPOMY CaMO MHHMCTepcTBO UpA- 
AaeTh rpomaynoe suaenie, ero Licensing Bill, T. e. sakoHompoeKit 
O cOKkpaueHin mbancTBa. «Bo Bcbxb cTpanaxt, BO BCB BREA H BO 
BCBXb KilaccCaXb MLAHCTBO ABIA10Cb BCer{a HPHIHHOH MOpaarbRAM 
Nazenis, coniagpnaro yanmenia nw rafeau,—nucatt ABTb MATb TOMY 
Hasaab HWAbOIA MHHACTP® MbcTHAaro camMoynpaBseHia. Htre Taroi 
wacTa OOmectsa, KoTopan Hu3Obraa On ruOersHaro BIisnid arkOroaa. 
OHO OTPamatOCch OJMHAROBO H& EpPeCTbSHaXd H KYHWAXt, Ha Epb- 
NOCTHHXb H KOPOANXS, HA BOHMAXB HW HA TOCYRAPCTBEHHHXD AbATE- 
JAX}, Ha OoraTHxb A ObHHXS. JKepTBAMH MbAHCTBA CTAHOBA ARCS 
yienHe, CBAINLCHHHEM, MoluTHGeckie AbaTeru, XYOMKHARH, pemecaen- 
HHEH. 3a MPHspalHniA Hacdampenia, JOCTABAACMBIA AXKOTOACMb, 93TH 
ADAH MORePTBOBAIH BCBMb, JO YecTH BEIOUTeIbHO. H3stb BebxrD 
KIACCOBh OOMeCTBa paborie OCcobeHHO 4YBCTBYNWTS TATOTH, HAatOmen- 
HBA UbAACTBOMB, MOTOMY YTO H 6e3B TOTO cTpagqaWTb yRe OTb Apy- 
rHxb mporsatifi.. Ch Baxycomb, kakb CROHMD ApyroMb H CHaeHOoNS 
BMBCTU IIPOBOAHHEA, VY OBAHAKOBS CCTh TOABKO OJHH'S UYTb: BASS Tv 
HagAOHHOK naockocTH. [LbaHcTBO Ty6HTeIbHO, KOrqa eMy HpefawrTca 
OorarHe, XOPOMO NATAWOLWeCH KAACCH, KABYMIC BE 3BfOPOBHX 0- 
uboieniaxt. Ho ono oco6enHo paspymiaeTs ObagaEOBD> *). Taaanrt- 
xuBhlii MHHACTPb, Kakb BUAUTD YHTaTedb, He OCObeHHO OPHTHHAxAeRS 
Bb JaHHOMD cayiab. lame mMoBepXHOCTHOe BHAKOMCTBO Cb PaKkTaME 
IpHBOIHTS HACb Kb APYTHM BHBOJaMS. AAKOTOAb, KOHEIHO, AT: 
HO He 3{bCb HYKHO HCKATh KopHeft HapogHoH ObyHOCTH. 

Burcorift wim Ha3Kif ypOBeHb KYALTYpPH Bb CTpanh ne HaXONETCH 
Bb SABHCHMOCTH OTb MCHbMArO HAM OoAbMaro noTpeOseHis aaKoro.s. 
Wuaye mpamaioch 6 ‘IpusHats, ito Aaraia, Ppannia, Tepmania, 


*) John Burns, ,Labour and Drink‘, The Independent Review, 15, 


vol. LV (1902). 





N3> ABTA. 18 


Aania u Tosxauzia, ubwmia ropaszo Goxbme, whut Poccis, menbe 
KYALTYPHHI, YBM OHA. 

Ilo TakaMb Xe coo6pameHiaMh Mb IPHXOAMMD KB 3akslwieHiM, 
uTo 6oraTcTBO HAH OBAWOCTh HapOla He HAXOAUTCA Bb Kagoli 360 
paMoH 8aBHCHMOCTH OTb MCHbWarO AIH OO‘bMaro NoTpeG6seHiA AAKO- 
roza. Pyccsifi napoxt—camuli Oban Bb Espomt, a Mexay vbw, 
10 KOAHYECTBY MPOMHBACMHIXD eHerb, B8AaHHMAETS AazeKO He TMepBoe 
MBCTO. 

IIbsucTsBo H OBHOCTD HE PaBHOSHAIyMlu; cpexHie KAaCCHE MbWTS 
OombMe MacCh, YTO He MBMAacTh BML HAKONIATL Oorarcrsa. 

TS cTpadH, KOTOPHA O601sM1e TPaTaTh H& CNMPTHHe AalATKE, 
OTHHAb He uMbOTE Ooxbe Gbzgaro nposetapiata. IpuBexy AbCKOALKO 


IAP. 


Notpe6aenie DuBa Bb pastnIHxd cTpanax?: 


Bp Beanrin. . . . 40,1 ran. nauex. Bt Hosoi Scnangzin . 9,4 ran. wa yen. 
BeaukoOprranin. . 288 >» > Axnctpo-Beurpin. . .8,6 » > 
Tepmagin .... .27,2 » > @Mpannin ......76 >» > 
JIania. ..... .225 » > Iilpenin. ......6,) » > 
Coegusen. Ultaraxt 18,4 » > Kanwanb. ......85 = » > 
ApcTpandin. . . . .11,5 > > Hopperin ......4,4 » > 


(Caax10Hb —TpH mrTopa), 


Poccia Bb oTpeOzeHiH MNABa SAaHHMAeTh TOADKO 4YeTHpHaAMaToe 
mBcro. Ilaso, norpe6isaemoe BB ABrain, OYeHD KPBOKO HH COMCpRATS 
GexbuioH °f, aakOroisd, Bb OCOOeHHUCTH stout (YepHOe NHBO). 

Ilo koauyecTBy BLIdguBaeMaro BuHa Poccin Tome UpesctaBAseTh 
quantité négligeable BB cpaBHeHin Cb ApyriMH cTpasamu. CpeqHuMd 
YNCAOMD NPHXOAUTCA BHAA Ha Ye.10BBRa: 


@Mpanoiq .... . . 32,7 rag. Tepmanig. .... .1,l rag. 
Htanig9.. . 2... .27,5 » ApceTpania.. . . . . 0.65 > 
Hemawia. . .... .17,0 » CoeauH. Illtarn. . .0,6 » 
Ipenia ..... ..1k > BeaukoSputania. . . 0,35 » 
bemprig. ..... JQ » Kanwaga ..... .U,1 » 
Asctpo-Beurpia.. . .5 3 


ToabkoO Mo KoanyecTBy BHMHBaeMOH BOAKH Poccld 3aniMaerb 
BWCcoKoe, XOTA H He MepBoe mMbcTO. Baepequ es u HeNOcpescTBeHHe 
HIOcAb— CTOATb YOCYAapcTBa, Hacededie ROTOPHIX'b ClABHTCA CBOBML 
TpyAorwbiemh, SepexIUBOCTLIO H BaKHTOUHOCTBIO. Takum oOpasoMt, 
COBOPMeHHO DPOH3BONbHO GOyxerb OGYCAOBANBATh OOFaTCTBO Macc b— 
TpesBoctho, a ObHOCTb— MbAACTBOMS. 


Cpeynee KoauyecTBO BLIDHBaeMOM BOAKH (Bb railo0Haxh, Ha YeAOBhKa). 


BS ¢@8 KR eg 8S #2, « S82 ¢ 2 F & 

s & F oF 32 4 « RA £ RE RF & ¢ 8 

“— 2) rc 8s 5 es) 2 @e A Se F E & a 

es S§ 22s 8 & 6 8&§ 2 €2 58 = SE 

=~ € &€ “SH £§ Ff £€ MPS aA KS Be <= HF SE 

2.61 1,81 1,75 1,72 1,61 1,49 1,48 1,02 1 0,96 0,95 0,74 0,64 0,23 


14 IOBE 0. 


[lu@phl aTH BSATH MEOW 13% KxXaccHyecKaro «Atlas ot the World's 
Commerce», BuLieAmaro BB 1907 r. *). 

Ilepeixy Tenepb Kb coeliadbHO AHTAIHCKOMY «DbaHOMY CUeTY>. 
«PacxOAL Ha CIAPTRHe HONUTRH,—TroBopuTs /lwxonb Bepacb,—cocras - 
JACTD Wally HavOo.lbe KpyNAyW Tpaty. Ona Thm Oombe nopasuTeabya, 
"FO COkepmeHAO He WpomyKtHBHa. WW, ecau bao OrpaHHinBaxoch OW 
TOADKO HOTEPHAHHMH Zenbramul, Ob1a Ona Ob eme He TaKb BeAHEA. 
$a0 8ak1t0TacTCA Bb TOMb, ITO «Oban cyeTb» AaeTh ele pe- 
WITAaTH Bb BEAT Mpecryozeniff u OoxbsHe#» **). Bs 1902 r., Roras 
Bepach UHC4aab CBOW CTAaTbiO, <0banbii CaeTh» Kawlaro abTIu4aHBHAa 
PABHAICA Bb cpemnent 4 Gh. 2 m. 4 eH. Bb Tosb. JTO—IPHHHMAad 
BO BRHMAHic MYRIHAL WH GCHILHAS, CTAPHROBS H TPYAGHXb MiIaXeH- 
Kepb. Taki Kak'b MbWILAXS BOOOMe OKOAO 55°/, Bcero HaceszeHig, Te 
RBAAHD cueTb, Bi ADLCTBATCABHOCTH, P@BHACTCA MpPHOAHSHTE ABU 
8 p. cr. BB ron. [Io pacsery, pa6oyad ceMbsa, COCTORMad H3b 4e- 
THPCXb GAOBBKS, TpaTu1a Bb 1902 r. Ha CIIHPTHHe HAaDATKH OTS 
16—18 qd. cr. BL roab, T. &. OTh 6—7 mud. Bb HeXbr0 (3 p.—3 p. 
50 x.). Ilbannfi caeTh APYrHXb KAACCOB’S, NO BHIHCACHiSMR “GIEHA 
napaamenta YuTaxepa,—eme Be. 


Pa6odie packosjywo7b ua YesobbKa BLToub. 7 > 4m. 6a. 
Cpeymie ruacchh . . . . 1...) eee eh. 1B > 10 > «6D > 
Pa6owan Mbpmjad COMBA... www wee 18 >» 15 » 4» 
CeMbA H3b CPCAUHXd KMACCORB .. ..... 46> 18 » 2» 


OdpaTamMcd Telleph Kb WadPpaMs camaro wocabagAro Bpeaeaw. Co- 
pOKa-Tpexb-MAIionHOe Hacesenie (43.659.120) Coequncnaaro Hope- 
I6BCTR2 BHOHBACTH Telepb: 


Caoupra. . 39.302.480 ran. crommocTbw Bb 52.075.786 d. cr. 


Nusa. . . 38.918.101 6oyen. > >» 101.764.3038 » » 
Bawa... 12.328.691 ran. > > 11,095.822 >» > 
Cuopa .. 15,000.000 >» > >» 1.500000 > >» 


166.425.911 o. er. 


(i{uppn upupezesy BE <Daily Mail Year Book», 1908, p. 11). 
TakHMb OOpas0Mb, «<IIbaHWti cueTh» Hacegenia Anraid cocras- 
AKCTS Telepp Oorbwe, WSMb NOATOPA MHAXiapya py6seli BR roxe. 
CpeuuNb YACIOMD HA YeNOBbKA VTO COCTABIZeTL Tenepb 3 . 16 m. 
3 IL, T. @. HBCKOABKO Hue, UbMb BB 1902 r., korga Job Bepacs 


Tical’b CBO CTaTbKH. Bb BUHOLYPCHHOMB A NHBOBapeHHOMB abat 


BAHUTCPeCUBGHE! JeCATKH THCHYD Ode: BiaTBAbU 8d BOX0BS, 
AkNIOHEPH, pa6oyic, TPyS4ARA, BOBTHKK, THCAYH KRISPROBS, UOTOMB— 
KaOaTaHKH, NOAHOCULEH VW WOAHOCIHON. Mb BAM’, ITO DPOHSBORCTBY 
‘H pacipeabienie CHHPTAHXL HAMNHTKOBS, HAH «trade» MNO TeXHBUe- 
oKkoMy HasBaiio, umberh maoruxp spysell. Ka6ann Bp Anrain, 


eee ee 





*) Ta6annH 92 4 93. 
**) Labour and Drink, p. 403. 





A3b ABPHLM. 1S 


coOcTBeHHO rOBOpS, UpHHAgAeRars BIaXBAbNAMh BAHOKYPCHHHIXE 33- 
f0N0Bb. KaGarquk ABAAeTCA TOIbKO apenfaropomb. Kaasoe paspb- 
menie Ha OTRDHTIe KaOaka SBAIxeTCA Konecciel, nperzcraBianmck 
HoxbIUyO OhHHOCTD. PayaTpH Bb CBOeMD HBcIbAOBaHin «Poverty, A 
Study of Town Life» nutupyers caopa sopga Tpes. «Bp 1899 r..— 
ToBopuT AopAb Cpefi,— 2 vOparuica sa paspbuteniemt (license) na 
AOBWH Kabarb BL Bpymxaarh, xoropoe w 6nI0 MBS AaHo. HM a tor- 
“ich He yYORIWICA, ITO TOCYAApCTBO, AABaA MOHOMONAIN, ycTyNHAO MHS 
Koaneccio, WpelcTaBLaOMyy 6oxsmyno obaHOcTS. MBB Jalu 3Haeb, 
“TO @CHH A COFAAWlych MposaTh paspburesie, KOTOpOe He CTOHIO MHS 
® MecTH NeHCcoOBt, TO DoAyyy 10 THCOSID @. cT.» BS OFHOMB HBB 
CBBEpHHXt ropoxosp, Axsraid4,—cooOmaers Payatpx,—noxzyweHnoe 
paspbinenie ua OTKpHTie Kabaka OnLIO MpogaHo 8a 24.500 @. cr. Io- 
JYIeHHad KOAMeccis# HOCHTS BSINHH xapanteps. IlonaTHo, moyeMy 
WPOTHBR KaRAarO PaAAHKaAbHaro Npoekta GOopb6n ch UbAHCTBOM', 
NpOCKTa, OCHOBAHHATO, MCHLY MPOUWMb, Ha Upash MYHAUADAARTeTOBS 
CORPAMATL YCAO KaOaROBL,—BOSCTAeTH «trade», T. @. BCB 8&HHTe- 
pecoBanHnle Bb HapoluomMh UbAncTBB. Pysospoygateran «trade», T. ¢. 
BCB «BOAOUAHe» H <ITHBHBIe> KOPOAH, CHAATh Bb BepxHeh nazar. 
3% HUXb—ellackouH, 160 «trade»—crporo koacepBaTaBHo. IIpexmye, 
KOIMA BOSHUKALb BONPUCh O pagAKasbHow pehopms Bb O6zacTH trade,— 
MHBHHIC H BOAOUHHE KOPOAH BONBAR O rpademb H NOMNTRB AMMUTD 
HX’B KOHMeccii#. Tenepb «trade» cTapaeTca OPHBICY HA CBOW CTO- 
pOHY MaccH. MBI BUAHM’ TeLeph DaM@seTH, Bb KOTOPHXS OKAasH- 
BaeTCd, YTO BOLOUBHK KOpOAb, Bb CyMHOCTA, HCKOHHNE Apyr'b pa6o- 
AX. «Dich COOHPANHCh TPOAb-WHIOHECTH Bb TO BpeMA, KOTMA Upo- - 
MBUNACHANE COWSH Ob SaNpeHeCHH H UPUPaBHHBaAuCh Kb TARHNMD 
ca00mecTBaM'b?—Bs Kadakax’b,—OTBBIaeTd DaMpsers. lab Haxo uA 
NAPTHCTH MBCTO JAA MUTHHFOBD, KOTNa AX Opecablowaad BCWAY?— 
QiaTh KO BB kadakaxb». Bo nampseTaxt, samumabmuxp «trade», 
VRASHBaeTCA, ITO UPH HeM'b KOPMATCA AECATKH THCAYS PaOOTHHKOBD. 
Hicaa MU cipasuMca cb cHHel KHHTuH, BEIMyMesHOH BE 1891 T. u 
fOCBAIMeCHHOH «trade», TO YBHAHMb, YTO BHHOKYPeCHHHe H NUBOBAapeH- 
iif BaBOLL WlATATS MOHbMe, YM Apyrie saBodH x Padpuau. Upn- 
BOaY HBCKOABKO Uupb. Msb CTOHMOCTH HpPOH3BeMeCHHHXS UbHHOCTELI 
HijeTD BL Bub sapadoruoil mararH: 


Bb KAMCHHOYTONbHHXb MAXTAaAXb . .. 2... wee ee =655%o 
Bb kopaGrecTpouTeAbHOMd WbAB . . www... BTN, 
Ha KeTBSHEIXB Moporaxe . 2... we ee ee ee + 80% 
Bb ceuibCKOMb xosAiicTBb. . 2... 2. wee ew ee 2970 
Ha Teankaxb fa6pHkaxb... . » . . 29,209 
Ha sanponaxt, o6pasaTHBanuluxd 4rer30 HCTadb. . . 23,39, 
Ha rasonbixb 3ABONaxb .... . re 2. . 20/5 
Ha BHHOKyp. 1 Wnwowap. saBomaxb ...... 2... + = 4,5%o % 


~~, 


*) Cussa xuura <C, 65359, ctp. 17, 24, 82, 33, 43. 


16 RlLo48 & O. 


SakononpoesTs, OObmaHHHH Teleph Bh TpOHHOH pay, omugaerca 
yme 2apHo. loxyza HeMSBBCTHO, ITO HMCHHO AYMaeTh CAbAaTH MERE- 
ctepcTso. Jmonb bepach naTb ABTS TOMY Hasalh PeROMeHAOBAt, 
mpexkse Bcero, WpaBHAbHYH paooTy Ais Macch (TO, 4TO «DHTb Xe- 
meBre, YM BCTS H ONBBATLCH» SHACTS He TOIBKO JLONYXOBS, HO 
aHraifickie wepHouabouie), AyUMIyW sapadoTHyN nNaaty, Goxbe yzobune 
oma, ITOOH ObABAKH uMBAH EOMOpTaberbAHH «home». Bs ObAHHXS 
KBapTasaxb MYKIHHH H CHIH HAYS BR kabakhb,’ NOTOMY 
4TO Tam CBBTIO, MPOCTOPHO, TeNAO H BeCeAO, TOTAA KAR LOMA MPAIHO, 
TSCHO, XOJOXHO H TOCKIBBO. SaTbMb cabAYOTA yee cieniartbana 
MBPH, HeMOCPeACTBEHHO MPOTHBb WpokamkH KPBUKHXS HAMRTKOBL: 
1) O6soxenie BHICOKHME HatoroM’s paspbmeniii Ha OTEPHTIEe KAGAKOBD. 
Bs HacTosmlee BpeMA UaTeHTH H® Dpokaky EPBURHXS HAIATROBS 
npwHnocarh Bb ARTain Kash TOAbEO 1.500.000 &. ct. Bb Hpw-iopst 
ABCKOADEO Goabmie 2 MHIJ. RuTeAcH, T. €C. BL AECATh Pash MEHDIIe, 
abub BB Anrsin BH Youbcb, a MexAy THM TAMD IlaTeHTH IPHBOCSTS 
TOCyMapcTBY MOYTH CTOIDKO Ke, CKOABKO BO BCeMD CoesuHEHHON’ Ko- 
poxescTss. Lupepoyab uMbeTE MOUTH CTOAbKO He HHTeReH, CKOIEO 
Boctou’. Memazy TbMt, WepsBhii BHOCHTS 8a NaTeHiht 50.813 @. cr., 
@ Bropof—356.000 @. cr. Bs Manuectpb croabko ae xmuTesed, 
CKOABEO Bb C.-Jlynx (Coex. IUT.); wo nepBiif NaaTHTB 2a TaTeHTw 
29.326 . cT., a BTOpo#—275.400 @. cr.; Bpuctoab He MeHbIIe Cy- 
napiopa (C. Llr.), Ho nocabanifi naatur 8a DaTeHTH 168,500 @. cr., 
Tora Kakb fepBwi—tompKco 16.195 @. cr. *). Ecau On nateHTh na 
Tposaky KPBOKHXE HAaNHTKOBb MPHHOCHIH Bb ABTA CTOXBEO, 
CKOABKO BB CoequHeHHLxt Illraraxt, TO OTEDbIACS OH SHATETeALEL 
HETOUHHES, H3b KOTOPArO MOMHO Ob110 OH YEPAaTh CpeACTBa ABA CO- 
HiaIbAbixb pedopaMb,—ropopaTb Bpara «trade». 2) Konneccin ua 
oTEpHTie Ka6aka JOJHHH HOCHTh He BBYHHH xXapakTepb, KAaES 
Tenepb, & JHMb BpeMeHHHH. Ilo ucTeyeHin cpoka Kommeccid Baaxb- 
zelbh RaGaka He MOMETH TpeOOBaTb HUKAKOTO BOsHarpamsenia 3a 
3aKpHTie muTefiHaro saBejenin. Ecan xonmeccia OyzeTh BhIKyOAeHA 
TOpOJOMb HIM TOCYAapCTBOMD pakbile BcTeyeHid Cpoka ex, TO pascyeTs 
HPOMSBORHTCH Ha OCHOBaHiN OcTaBiaroca BpeMeHH. 3) MyHHDHNasHsa- 
Hid UpOlamu CHHPTHHXS HanuTKOBS. 4) I[peqoctaBsenie Upaba MYRA- 
UNaAHTeTAMb Paspbuatbh H.1H COBEPUICHHO BallpeMath Mpokawxy Kp bo- 
KHX HalluTKOBD. 


ly. 


Bs TpossHol phan odbnanhl TPH 3OMeIbBLIXS O4119: OLUHS BacaeTca 
Upasanaiu, apyroti— Aunrsin, rperiii—loraangia. Bt Hpzangin, kak Bs- 
BBUTHO, 3EMIA BHIKY11eHa DATS IBTS TOMY Basadb. Tora IPAHUALS WpE- 
HYAHTeAbHAaLO OTIYRACHiA He OLA UPHHATH; HO TpOMaHoe OOIDMBHCTBC 


—— ere 


*) I[udpbl puBeyenh Bb <Reformers’ Year-Book», 1903, p. 144. 








H8b ABraln. 17 


HPAAHACKAXS DOMBOAKOBS MOCHBMIBAO OTABAATLCA OT 8eMAH, IPH- 
HocuBmeh HM CTOIbKO XA0ON0TS. PesyAbTaTOMD 4pesBLiahHHXh Mbp, 
PHHATHXE Bb 1882 Tr. NON BAAHIeME AaBIeHiAd Ha MpPAaBHTeALCTBO 
CO CTOPOHH! KPYNHHXD NOMBILMEROBS,—OHIO TO, WTO RHSHb AIA Gorb- 
INHHCTBA SeMJCBAAL ‘ALDER CTaxa HeBOSMOMHA BL Upsanzin. pu 
NepBoH BoOsMOMHOCTH NOMBOLREH, cb OoabMO# BHYrOJOH ANA ce6a, N0- 
cTapalHch pasrbaaTbca cb semMae#. Ho pb Upsangin ocramcp «uHe- 
IPUMBPUMEIG» - AVAAIOPAN. OH AA 8A ITO HE COTIAMAWTCA MposaTh 
CBOH BOTUHBH, O6pameHHHA Bb NacT6nma. HexaByd # pasckasHBasb 
BB «Pyccxoms Borarcrsb» mpo Oopp6y cb «HenpHMapaMHMH». Bo 
IpoOwIOM TOY NPHHATH 8akOHt, AMBOMIA ObIbwW Harbrenie semseli 
TBXb heEPMEPOBd, KOTOPHE 8a YYACTIO BL arpapHOM’ ABuReHin 1881— 
1882 rr. OAH MpOrHaHH DONBMyKaMH. SakononpoerTs, oObmlan- 
HH Tellepb, HMBETS BL BUY UPHHYAMTCALHOG OTUymMeHIe y «HeNDpH- 
MHPHMHXb» JYTOB H UpeBpamlenie WOcABABHXD BS NacTOuma. Kpyn- . 
HHe NOMBU[HEH NOUHTaaHCh NpuOBrAyTh Kb HCONTAHHOMY CpeACTBY: 
KOHCOPBaTHBHAd MeWTb, HAXOAAMAscd Bb HXb PYKAX, 3aroBopusa 064 
«aHapxin» BB Uprzangia uw cTaza Tpe6oBaTb BOs06HOBIeHIA UpesBH- 
GaHHHXxb s8akOHOBb. HO UpOTUBh 4upesBHyakHHXb 8aKOHOBD BEICTY- 
WHA TAKOH aBTOPHTeTS, Kakb OHBUIK upAAHACEI BAIe-KOPOA, AOPAD 
Jjeaxef (RoncepBarops). OHS 8aaBHI' Bb BepxHeli Natarb, YO «coer- 
cion act» (ycHAeHHad OXpaHa) He TOAbKO He IpHHOCHTS ycnoRoeHig, 
HO opoxgzaerh anapxiw. HW Bune-kopoab KOHCepBaTOpS SesycAoBHO 
OUPAaBALBANTh pPalHKasOBb Bb BXb HAMBpeHin samupaTh Upaxzanqiw 
IPH DOMOMH peopNul. 

Abraifickifi semeabHn Of42b ABAAETCA JOMOIHCHIOMD EB arpap- 
HOMY BsakoHy 1907 Ir., 0 KOTOPOMb 4 MHCAIb YRC Bb CBOE BpeMaA. 
Koraa 8amuTHBkH KPYOABXS NOMBOBKOBS Bb ABTIIH HAYHHANTS JO- 
KasHBaTb, ITO IIPHHOMNG NpPHHYAUTeIbHaro OTUyRMeHiA seMAH Hapy- 
INaeCTh CBADICHHOG 1paBO COOCTBEHHOCTH, CTOPOHHURA TAaKOrO BHKya 
OTBbiaWTS BOMPOCOMB: HMBIW AM OH JOHAIOPAH CTOIbKO 8eMIH, CCA 
6H HX Upeqen co6swsaiH cBaneHHOe NpaBo? Bp camwoms Abb. Bs 
90 sabrs, om 1760 r. go 1859 ¢., anraifickie DombomEH OTTsTaaH 
Y OOMMAD TpOMAaNHHA DAOMAIH SeMIH, He BaNgaTHB 38a Hee HH Of- 
Horo rpoma. Hozp6Hamb o6pasomb A9HAAOPA OTTaTadH: 


ToaH. AKpHl. 
1760—1769 .......+4e44.-. 704.660 
1770—1779 . ....2...es2 2... 1.207.800 
1780—1789 ......-6+6..s.e- 450.180 
1790—-1799 . 2. we 2 we ee 858.270 
1800—1809 .....-e.«e. oe 1.650.010 
18J0—1819 .......2... 1.560.990 
1820—1829 .........6- 375.150 
1830—18389 . 2... 1.2. ee ee 248.880 
1840—1849 ...... we ee 399.747 

Hroro...... 7.380.877 


Pespanp. Orzbar Il. 





18 LIOH EO. 


[[puneccth oTrsrabasia oOmecTBeHHOH 3eM1H WaCTHHMH BAAaIBEb- 
WaMH MpOwCXxO_uIe JO nocabagaro Bpexean. OTb 1847—1888 rr. no- 
MBITHKE OTCyAuIH ce6Ob 618.000 axp. 

Tenepbh BBPHLIMH CTOPOHAAKAMH KPYIIHHIXD JOMBOLYKOBD ABIBeTCa 
Te@PROBb, 2 MCKAY ThMb AVHAIOPAM, CC.IR MOKHO TAaKb BHPASHTLCA, OTTO- 
aan ce6Ob sy6nt Ha DepkORHOM 3emab, ROTOPYW OTTAraru paubue, TBM? 
IpHHAINCh 8a COOCTBeBHOCTS OOMHH'S. 

Borh HBCKOABKLO IIpHMbpOBb: OCHOBaTeAb pOla 10pxoBR Begdops- 
CKHX, ,lmoH Péccesb, Noryynb orb Tespaxa VIII u ors Ozyapaza VI 
(lyTewb DO1abigu saBbijakia Kopoda) 87.425 akpoBb WepkoBHOH 4 
MOHACTEHpCEOH SOMIH Bb PaSHHXb rpag@cTBaxb, Ja kKpomb Toro eme 
TpomMainad waomagy Bb Jonjorb, Bb TOMB wicad Kopeatraplencii 
PHHOKD. OcHOBaTCIb posa 10p10B_ BoctMuactepckax, [pocsexop's, Ta- 
KEHMDb Ke OOpasomMb Noaywab 19.749 axp. BB YTHpexs rpadcrBaxrs 
H, EpoMB toro, sem. BB Jlonzonb. epsni hapenanorh noryyHs 
199.890 akpoBL BB OjJunHagnaTH ahraifickuxt rpadcTBaxb H BS 
Mpaanjig. Cecuab (polonayaabHHEB MapkH#30Bb CoaAcdpa), 2O pe 
SBHILY <Uaykb», BaxbaTHIb 10.122 akpa mepkoBHoH 3semaxu. Teneps 
HbTb HH OMHOTO JOpAa, 3eNeIbHasd COOCTBEHHOCTb KOTOparo He Ona 
Ob OCHOBaHa Ha rpabexb moHactiped, €CC1IH POAb eCFO BOCXOAHTD 40 
XVI shea. Bh facTosmee BpeMa: 


28 reporoBh BuaboTb UNOWAaAbD. . . . Bb 3.991.881 akp. 
33 MupKH3a > > - . » . » 1.567.227 >» 
194 rpagda > > ....? 5.364.118 >» 
270 6apoHoBh > > .... > 8.780.000 » 


Bapous Lexonpusys Brarbers Oorpme, tbmb 100.000 agp. sexu, 
mpusocamuMu 88.009 d. ct. peHTH BB roxp. Tepyory Cyrepsang- 
CKOMY UpunaliemaTp 1.358.000 agp.; repnorh Bagazencsili nozyyaers 
OAHOH penTH 2'7.000 . CT. Bb TOMd, T. e. Goabuie ABYXb MEHAXIO- 
HOBB py6iseH. CrpanoH KpyOHHIXS nombouKoss aBisetca Mloraannziag, 
Txb mecTad YacTh BCeTO KOPOJeBCTBA UPHHATIeCRHTE WecTH repro- 
rams *). Ipocrpancrso Aarain 4 Yaapca—34.524.974 akpa. Bea ara 
TIOMAalb UpHnagsexuTs 974.011 Baaybapyam. 


400 napont BiagbwoTh ... . 5.729.979 axp. 
1.288 kpynk. HaHAAOpAOBR . . . 8.497.699 > 
2.529 ckpahpopb ........ 4.319.271» 
9.555 KpyOHEIXb iomeHosb. . . . 4.782.627 > 

24.412 meqkuxd iomeHopb ... . 4.144.272 
217.019 MeNKHXb COO6CTBEHHHKOBb . 0.931.806 >» 
14.469 o6mecTBbB. ........ 1.443.545 + 
703.289 7OMOBAADBALIEBD, IOCTPOBB- 

ImHxXca Ha co6cTB. 3eMNB. . 161.148 » 


CAORHBS TPH NeCpBHXS Racca BeMAeBlALBIDMeBS, ME NOY THM, 
uTo 4217 nombugikons, T. e@ 0,01°/, rcero HacereHin CoeqnHeHHare 
Koposeperpa, Raagbierp 18.546.949 axpamn, Hau Oorbe abuse ne- 


————— - = —_— _- — ee eee 





*) upp pear asp ruara Tonapza Hpeaca—,Our Old Nobilitys. 


M36 AHTAIA. 19 


JopuacH sce usomjagu Agrain a Yoasca. MW eto Torga, Korga BCWAY 
OMyMaercd SeMCIbHNH ros0'b. 

Takumb OOpasomb, Y sauluTHHKOBS UPAHYAATeIbHaro oTruymie nia 
SOMIH CCTb @PryYMCHTH, KOTAA JO9HLIOPAN BaiAHawWTh TOBOPTb 0 Ha- 
pyWweHi CBAU{eHHarO Npasa coOcTBeHHOCTH. 3akOHD, NpesoctaBiawpMiff 
MYHHQHUAAHTeTAMS H COBBTaMb [paPcTBL MpaBO MPHAYAUTCIBHO OT- 
GyHlaTb 3eMIN (HU Opatb ee Takb KO UPHAYAATeCIbHO Bh apeHAy) Cb 
ThMb, ITOOM CAaBaTb e@ NOTOMb Bb apeHAY MCIKUMH Y4ACTRAMH, 
BOWCIB BR CHAY cb 1 anBapa 1908 r. Teneps Bonpoch uyeTb 0 
TOM, CEOABKO NOTPeOYOTh NOMBILUBA 8a OTYYKIAeMyW semi. JloHI- 
JOpanl <OoraTboOTsb BO CAB»: SeMAH, 6&3 BCAKATO YCHIIA CO CTOPOHH 
BASIBIBUEBS, ABTOMATHICCKH NOARHMAaeTCA Bb UBHB Bb 3AaBHCHMOCTH 
OT Tpyl0a0ia rpaxyjanb. Kamzaa wOBad yopora, UpoxomenHad 06- 
WecTSOMb, JpeHamb, poBeseHHHii He NOMBOLUEOM, poOcTh roposa,—- 
BCO 3TO OLICTPpO MOAHAMACTh CTOHMOCTA semiH. Korga ABTS ecaTh 
TOMY Hasal'b JOHAOHCKIH MYHHOMMAIUTeTS DOMeLaATDL BHKYOUTS Y M0- 
KoHHaro aopga Coac6pu yaacTORt seMaH, sacTpoeHAHi HesopoBHiMH 
Tpymo6ama, ch TBM, YTOOH NMPOJOMUTS HOBYH Y.1MQy, KOTOpaA Co- 
egun.ia Ob Oxciopactpa1t cb CTpoHyomb,—Oxaropolani MapEusS 
JAHBUAL BCBXb CBOeCI KRAIHOCTHWO. OND HE TOUBKO ToTpeboBarsb pH- 
HOWFYIO CTOHMOCTL 3CM.IH, OCHOBAaHAYH Ha AOXo_HOCTH es, CoxcOpH 
HOKCiIAIG Take WOAYIHTL WH «HesapaboTaHHoe Upupamlesie» 8a HB- 
CKOIbKO IBTE Buepeyb. «By cHeceTe TpyMoOn H UpoBeseTe HOBYH 
YaAHOY, OOCTpoeHHYH BeIHKOTBUANMM MarasHHaMH; 8CM4AA TOPS CHABHO 
NOAHHMeTCHS BD bah. Takb BOTS 3aNkAaTHTe MHB H 3a 9TO. Bucun- 
Talite H «HesapadoTaHHoe OpHpamedie» 3a secaTh IbTb H UpHOaBETe 
TO Kb CTOHMOCTH SeMIH». Takb MOHHO OHIO OL POPMYAMPOBAT TPe- 
Oospania topia CorcOpu. Cuoph 43% 8a «HesapaboTanHaro Upupallenia», 
KOTOPOe TPeOOKAAb MAPKASh, ABAKAW AOXOANIS JO naprameata. Yrobw 
He OHO T&EHXb 4pes:bpHHXb H OescTHIJBHXE Tpedosanifi Teneps, 
MeOBHH Ou41b uMbeTS Bb BHLY BHCIHTAT, TARb HaSHBAeMYH, BHY- 
TPCHHDN CTOHMOCTS SeMIn. (O6b STOMS BHIHCICHIH A DOApObOHO NACaIS 
BB TWavalB Npoulasaro rosa). 

Tpeti#i arpapHnit saxonompoerTs Kacaetca Mloraangin. Coxepxanie 
ero XOpOlW0 NSBBCTHO, TaKD KARL ONIIb PascMOTPBH MaplaMeHTOM'’S 
ene Bb IpOM10M'S TOMY. SAKOHONPOCKTS BMBbeTS WAL YAYIMAT DOx0- 
menie MEIKHXh APCHAATOPOBL, BAH xpodmeposs, LyTeMb ObesneyeHia 
@aPCHIH H IpaBa Ha BOsHarpamfesie 3a Bch cybeAHAHA KpOPTepaMH 
yayamenia. Ipexgze nombniakb MOrb UpOrHatTh Bb 110606 BpeMA Epo- 
Tepa, Ip yemMb Bce TO, 4TO Nocabanift crbraab Ha cBoeMb yuacTKB, 
@CTABAIOCh Bb NOMbsy AanZz0pya. Ipemze nOMBIMKS MOF YCTaHO- 
BHTb upesmbpsyw peaty. UocabrcTBiemb sToro OHNO, ITO 3HAIHTOADHAA 
gacrs ceapckoli [loTianazin nmpeppaTnHaach Bb BepeMakH JIA pasBe- 
qeHia Kyponarors. Hosni seMeabHbH On1Ib ycTaHaBIMBaeTh copa- 
BEHAHBYW PECHTY, KOTOPYW NOMBIMMKS HO MORETS NOBHICHTb 10 CBOOMY 


mponszory. poms toro, ecaH UaTb HIH Oorbe kpohTeposs OOpamawrca 
28 





- AHCh Bb PYEAaX’d FrocworcTayH mes DepKBH. TOrsa HOHEOHPOPMECTH Sampo- 


20 RIOR EO. 


Kb rpadckomy copbry 3a semseli, KOTOPYH NOMbMAED He XOVeTS 
CHAaBaTh Bb apeHAY,—TO COBBTb MOKETS UPAHYABTOABHO BLIKYUETD ee. 

Illoraanyckii sakOHONpOeRTS Ob IPHASTL HUHEH Naxarok; #0 
XOpAm oTBepran ero. Tenepb 6HAXb BHOCHTCA BTUPHIHO Bb Tpexaems 
BEB. 

Ecau Bompoct 0 semxb ray6okO HHTepecyeTs Macchl, TO WKOAbHHH 
6uixb, OObMAaHHHH BL TPOHHOM pban, cHAbHO BOAHYeTS cpemuie # 
«HHme-cpequie» KXaccH. Jo 1902 r. Bb Aunrain Oba ABA THDa Ha- 
POAHHIXE WKOFE: cBbrckaa (Board School) a Kondeccionamnaa (Vo- 
luntary School). Hepsiia cojepmaszHch Ha CICTS CYMN'S, NOCTABIACMEIXE 
FOPOXCRBMH H@A0raMH H OcOOia, OTMyckaemaro kKasHOf. Ba sTaxs 
MKOLAXG KATOXH3HCh COBCPMeHHO HE UpenosaBarca. YauTerb (He CBa- 
MCHHHED) IPOYRTHBAIb TOABEO Pasb HAM ABA pasa Bb HeABINM [easy 
Heb 6H6xiv, He KOMMeHTApya ee. Kondeccios#aibHna mroxrn (Volun- 
tary Schools) mozyaHaH mo.zoxo RaseHHoe nocobie. Upexmosarazocs, 
4TO OCTAIBHLIA ACHLTH AAJYTb POAKTCAH, Kexawilie, ITOOH AX Abra 
YYHIH KATCXHSHCE ONperbachHHuf pexeria wau cert. Board Schools 
HAXOAHAHCh 0% OOMLECTBEHHHME KOBTpPOXeMb. Cb oToH mbazbwO Ha- 
cexeHie HelocpexcTBeHHO us6upalo clleniaxbHEe KoMuTeTH (School 
Boards). Kondeecionaabaila IKOAH He OHH NOXb ObMeCTBCHAHES 
KOHTPOACME H BCOMBIO HAXOHAHCH BH PYKAXb CBAMCHHREOBDS. Ileoss- 
Had pedopMa, ONHCHBaeMad saAbcb, BBeJeHa Onaza BB 1870 r. 3a 
TpHAUATs XBTS cBOerO cyMiecTBOBaHia cBSTCKaa Hapossad KOKA Raa 
G6xectamie pesyabTaTH. Oro me kacaeTca KOHMecciOHuAbHOH MIRON, 
TO OHA MOCTEMeHHO UPHXOAHIa BL YUAaXOKRD BCKBACTBIe OTCYTCTBiZ 
CPeACTBd. CBAMCHHHKH KALOBAAWCh, ITO POAHTOAH, NOCH AawMie CBOHXS 
rbrefi Bb D6PKOBHHA DIKOAH, He HexaWTh UAaTeTb. HKpaTaku Hwaxo- 
ABAH, 3TO BOVOMe BS KOHPecciOnaAbHOH BIEOIS OOpasopaTembHOS KbI0 
NocTaBsAeHO Topasyxo xyme, Thu BL CBBIcKOH. Korga y BracTH CTadk 
KOHCOPBATOPH, OHH BHAZH MOIb6aM>b CBOHXS BBPHHXS COMSHHRORS 
EJ9PARHMOHOBS H, DOCKS HBCKOABEHXS HCYAAIHHXS DOUNTORS, upe- — 
BelH Bb WaplaMeHTS IKOABRHH sakoHD 1902 r. Ba cuay ero, pcb 
HapOsBHA WKOIH, Kab CBBICKIA, TAKD H ROBMecciOHAALHHA, CTasy 
HOAYWaTh JCHETH HB TOPOACKHXD HALOrOBS. CBBTCKIA NIKOAH OCTaBa- 
HHCh 10%) OODICCTBCHHNMS KOHTPOACM, HO He School Boards, xag> 
paHbiile, 2 KOMHTETOB, HAaSHaeHHHXb MYHBDAUAIBBEME COBBTaMH. Kon- 
dpeccioHaAbHLA Ke MKC, «non provided schools», kakt OH’ CTaaH Ha- 
SHIB&TbCA 00 HOBOMY, OCTAaBaXIHCh @akTHYeCKH BL PYKAXd achHHXt 
XHI'b, T. ©. CBAILCHHHEOBD. VW Tarb Kakb CBAUICHBAKH a&HrakHkaHceEenil 
HOPKBH Upeoc6sazqaWTb BE ABTAiH, KOHecciObaIbHHA WKOIN OYTE- 





TOCTOB2IH. OHH 8asBHIH, ITO Cb HHXD cOCHPAWTS AeCHLTA Ha caxep- 
HaHie WEONb, Bb KOTOPHXS UpelomaeTca KaTeXxH3Hch Apyrofi cexrw. 
Takb Kakb TaKHMS OO6pa3s0Mb Hapyllaxach, 10 MHBHIN JACCeEHTEPOBs, 
cB060qa COBBCTH, rapaBTEpOBaHHad KOHCTATYHieH, TO OHH OTRAS@ENCS 
HAATHTh WKOIBHOK Hanors. Hayasz0ch DaCCHBHOe CONPOTHBACHIC HWIROEb- 








H3% aHIHil. 21 


HOMy 3akoHy 1902 r., KoTOpoe Bb Yoabcb AOCTAIAO KOROCCAABHEIXS 
pasmbposs. Bcb rpadckie copbrnt Yorbca OTRa8aIHCh NPHBOCTH 3aKOH'b 
Bb ucHoAneHie. Taxb XbAO M0 NO AexaOpa 1905 r., korya KOHCEp- 
BaTHBHOG MHHHCTEPCTBO BHMAO Bb OTCTaBKY. Lsmbuenie mik0AbHaro 
sakoHa 1802 Tr. SBHNOCh OJHEMD 8b YTABHEIXE UYHETOBS Uus6upa- 
TOAbHOH porpaMMH AnGepasbHoH naptia. Crbqyomas ta6anga 1n0- 
KARTS YHCAO YIANAXCA BL CBBTCKHX A KOHPeCCiONAABAHI XY MKOIAXS 
BD Aurain a Yousct: | 


Cebrckia mkKOnbI KonfeccionaabaHa 

Toa. (Board Schools). INKOABI. 
Yacno Yueao Yucno Yauco 
WIKOND. Wbrei. WKOND. AbBrek. 
1869—70.. 2... — _— 8.281 1.878 584 
1871—72. . 82 17.156 9.772 2.278.738 
1875—76... 1.596 556.150 12.677 2.870.165 
1881—82... 3.868 1.298.746 14.421 3.239.574 
1885— 86... 4.402 1.692.505 14,620 3.452.787 
1891—92.. . . 4.881 2.041.464 14.684 3.661.511 
1895—96 .. . . 6.432 2.483.411 14,416 3.638.963 
1901—02. . . 5.878 3.881.155 14.276 3.723.329 
1906 6.800 3.445.881 13.980 3.515.786 


[lu@pH 9TH NOKa3bITaWTb, ITO BB TO BPeMA, KAaKb CBSTCKaa Ha- 
POAHAA WIKOAA CTPOMUTOABHO PasBUBalach,—kKOAeccionalbHad Mkora 
cb 1885 r. ocTaBalach COBepMeHHO HeNOABHRHOK. Ht He NOU BUPOES 
ame OOMeCTBCHHHA JeHbrH, OTHYyMeHHHA Bb 1902 r. Ilepxos- 
Had Wk0la Bb DocrbaRie TON pbMUTeALHO NagaeTb. Ha coxepmanie 
BCBXE Oe3IaTAHXt HAWAIbHHIXS MkOIb Bb Anrain w Yorsch MUAE- 
cTepcTBO Hapoanaro nmpocpbmenia (Board of Education) ornyckaers 
Tenepb 12.604.048 qd. cr. Bb Trowb, & MBCTBHA camMoynpaBleHia— 
20.403.935 ¢. cr. 

Bp 1906 r. y BAaCTH cTanO AMOepadbHOe MMHACTEPCTBO H ep- 
BLIMb FbIOMD BHECIO HOBETH MKOABHHH sakoH’b. [paBuTerbcTBO Ha- 
XOMHAOCh Bb AOBOALHO S8ATPYAHHTCIbHOME oAOKeHin. Cb ogHoH cro- 
poOHH, Tpanznnia uaptiu Tpe6onaazH, YTOOH OHO BHICKAasadOch pbmH- 
TCABHO 38 GBBICKOW IWEONY, MPCAOCTABHBD OTABILABIM CEKTAMD OOY- 
WaTb KATeXH8HCY Bb cihemialbAHXb KOHMecCiOHAIBHHXS MWMKOIaXs. 
Cy ypyro# — cOwWsSHHEH NpaBHTeABCTBeEHHOH NapTiv APAAHAUW CTOAAH 
3a OAH3KOe YIACTIC KATOXHYCCKAXD CBAMICHHHKOBS BL WbIB Hapos- 
Haro o6pas0Bpanis. SakOHONpOeKTS TOMEITAIcH paspBMIATh TPyAHY!0 
3akaqzy, HO He OCOGeHHO yAaqHO. OcTaaHCh HeXOBOABHEI A JHCCeRTEPH, 
H KATOAHEH, H, KOHCIHO, IpexcTaBuTeAH YocnoAcTBywWMeH TWepkBA. 
Bagsb, OlAaKO, UPOMeAD Bb HABE nazaTb; HO BS BepxHeht wasaTs 
AOPAL, 10 YkKasaniD CMHCKONOBS, BHECIH Bb SaKOHOMPOeCRTS pa 
BaxXHHXt wsMbHeHi#. Takb kak Docabaniad OWAM HeUpieMAeMH! AIa 
KOMMOHEPOBS, TO 6HAIb TOrTu6s. MH BoTh Bb BTOME TOMY MAHUCTEPCTBO 
WhuacTb HOBYW NOMHTEY, BHOCA Apyro mEOIbHHH OnAIb. O TOMS, 
KAKYW HapOJRYH MIKOAY MetatH OH AMBTS AMCCOHTepH AH paboyie,— 

MEI MOHCMEL CYIUTL 10 Mbsomy psly pesoannit. A cao6oxnna TepEBE, 


22 RIVHEO. 


H pa6ogie cTOaTh 88 WKOXY TOTO THA, KOTOPad cyMecTBOBANa Ae 
1902 r. Tpexb WHIOHH, EpOMB Toro, UpHOaBAsHTS eple crbiywulis 
Tpe6oBania: 1) BocnuTaHie Hw coxepmaHie xbred Bh MIKOAXb Ha 
cueTh rocysapcrTBa; 2) HalionakbHad CHCTeMa BOCHHTAaHiA NOAb NOs- 
HHIMb HAapOAHHIME KOHTpOAemh, OestaatHad AH CBBTCKAH OTb Hadasb- 
HoH MIKOAH JO yHuBepcuTeTa; 3) TexHuyecKoe OOpasoBanie AOTKHO 
BXOJHTL Bb KARA DWKOABHYN UpOrpaMmMy. 


V. 


O6cyajenie aypeca Bb OTBBTb H& TPOHHYW Pbib—OAMHDE B3b 
NOBOAOBh AAA OMNOSHNIH MOABEPYHyTb KPHTHKB BCH BHBOHWD # 
BHYTPeHHWW NOAHTARY UpaBsTesbcTBa. Onaosanis BHOCHTD PAXB N0- 
mpasorb. WU ecav kanas-HHOyAb H8b HUXD UPNAATA, T) MHHHCTepcTBe 
WOAKHO BHLTH BE OTCTaBKy. Bd sToMd roxy UpeAAOReHL Oba ABS Bax- 
HbId DOMpaBEH: OfHa Kacaszach Bompoca 0 OespaboTHHIXt, Tpyras—nox0- 
xeHia AbID BE Upsanzin. O66 onpaBru xpaine AJWOONHITHH, Takb 
KAKb DOKA3HBalTb, YTO pasHHla Mey MpOrpaMMaMH TAaBAHXL 
naptifi pb Anraig Bee 6orbe wu 6orbe usraamuBaetca. Bb ognok no- 
WpaBr, wpeqsomeHHok pabouelt uaprieli, Bupamaerca comarbuyie ne 
NOBOAY TOTO, YTO Bb TPOHHOK paw HuGero HE YOOMAHYTO Mpo 6es- 
paovTHuxb. TonpaBka nocayxu1a MOBOAOMBR AAS COMaIHCTOBb BuI- 
CTAaBHTb TeSHCb, ITO OespaboTuna ABIAe'Ca NPSMHIMD i Hen30bRANMWS 
NOCHBACTBIEMh KaNWTatucTHyecKkaro crpos. C1 Apyrofi cTOpOHN, KOR- 
CepBaTOpH, Nosmepxabmie WoNpaBKy, 8aDluMmaiw NoxomeHie, YTO Ge3- 
paboTuna ABIAeTCAH pesyibTaTOMb cBO6o,ROH ToproBan. PaObota Aga 
BCBXS, NO MHBHIIO NpoTeknioHHCTOBh, ABHTGA BMbcTb Cb NOKPOBH- 
TC.ibCTBCHHHIMH HOWAMHaMH. IIporexniouucramb ykazain Ha ¢pagTH. 
Kean, abicTBuTetbHo, GespaborHla HaxXO_HTCH Bb S8aBHCHMOCTH OTS 
cBoOOAHOH TOproBdAli, TO MOYeMy Ke BL WpoTekWOHHOH AMepuHES wax 
BL lepmMania croabKo Oespa6oTHHxt? Bs ogHomb Bepanas teneps 
60 THCHYR TEXHHYCCKH OOyYeHHHIXD paOOiHHKOBb, HE HAaX0.SMHXS 
cupoca Ha cBOoH Tpyab. Bb Aunrain we, CCIH YHTATeAN DOMBATS 
MOO CTATbW, DoMBINeHHY!O Bb HuBAapCKOH kKHHHKB <PyccKaro Bo- 
rarcTBa»,—OTB GespaOoTHUb CTpakaWTb 0 OpewMyMlecTBY wepHO- 
pacouie. Bo Bpema gedaToBh 6bIb HaMbuent wha pale Mbp, KO- 
TOPHIA MOFYTb SHAYHTEIbHO YMCHDMIMTh YHCIO GespaboTHHxh. Wépxo- 
pa6ouie, MO MpewMyllecrBy, ceabckie paOOTHHKA, TOIbKO UTO SBHB- 
Wieca 43% JepeBeHb. HicaH OCTAaHOBHTb TASTY HBB JepeBeHb BL Yo- 
pOAa, TO STO HeMeAIeHHO OxaronpiaTHO OTsOBeTCA Ha padoveMb PHHES 
Bb roposax’b. OcTaHoBHTbh ‘TATY MOMETL BOSBpaMleHie 3eMaH HapoOAy, 
paspbuienic MAAWIQHAarO BONpOca Bb AepeBHAX, OolbWee OMHBIEHIe 
WepeBeHckoh xH3HH, OcBOGOmMMeHIe <xXOHa» OTL BAisHia ckBalipa # 
CBADICHHUEA. 

Kpafine OaaroipiaTHha NocabactBia Bb cMbIcxb paspbmenis so- 











3b ARTAIM. 23 


npoca 0 OespaGoTHHX’ AOIHHO MMBTS BBeMeHie BOCbMHYAaCOKOTO pa- 
Oovaro aH. Ecan On Taxof HOpMadIbHB enb CYIeCTBOBAIB Ha 
HeNBSAWXL JOPOLAXb,—FOBOPATh SKOHOMHCTH,—TO eule Cro THCAYB 
pasoTHHROBh HaMIH 6H ce6s sanatic Ha IsHiaxt. Ke OcTaIbHHM 
mbpams G6oppOn cb Oespadorunef HyRHO OTHECTH: NOBHMeHie BO03- 
pacta whrei, Korga OHH MOTYTS NocTyoatTbh Ha HabpuKkn, nenciw za 
Upecrapbinxb, KOTOPas YCTPAHHTb KOHKYPCATOKS, NOHHRAWMAXS 
sapaooTHyw usaTy. YToOm yaTb xxb6n Oespa6oTHnimMb, HeoOxOJHMH 
OOMecTReHHHA Oe3HHA MpemupiaTia, kakb wWhconacamyenie wu 
yEpbuxenie Oepeross. 

Tlonpasra padoueli uapTin 61a OTEIOHEHA HLOOABMUMB Ovdb- 
WHACTBOMD roszocoB, (49). Bropaa nonpaBra kacazacb Upaanain. 
Bp tompaBkb WpasaTedbCcTBO OcyRLaloch 34a TO, ITO He UpHObraers 
Kb 4pesBhuaihhiMb MbpaM’b IIH DoOsableHiA, Takb HasbiBaemaro, 
cattle-driving, T. €. YroHa CKOTa. ITO He O3sHayaecTs, 4TO BR MUp- 
AQHAIA Tellepbh CKOTH KalbiaTh HIH yOuBANTS, EKak'b BS allOxy pas- 
rapa peposonionHol Ooph6n. Hbrb, ckoTHHY Dacymlywca wa aTyrax', 
NpHHaliexaMuxt DOMBILAKAMh, KOTOPHIe OTHOCATCH BpamyeOHO Kb 
BHKYNY 3eMIH, — YrOHAWTB HOUDH BepcTH 3a TpH. Ha aspyro# 
HeHb e@ HAXOAATS HeBpesuvoll ryb-nH6ynb H2 Gepery pyuba. HM Bors 
H&@ OCHOBAHIH BTAXD MakTOBb KOHCePBATOPH TpeO6oBasH, ITOOH mpa- 
BHTeABCTBO OATS BBeIO Bb Upazanyzin oTMBHOHHEIC AM 3akKOHH 00D 
ycouienHo oxpanB (coercio nacts). KomMMOHnepH, BHICKashBaBltieca 3a 
OTH S8AKOHH, YTOBOpHIA baHBO, BeyObanTeabHO. Handorke -11060- 
WHTHH OLIN JeOaTH 00 NOBOAY TOH xe NOUpaBRH BB BepxHell Ma- 
aarb.*TamMt aopay wletpums o6bacaa15 cattle-driving, cb oHoli cro- 
POHH, NOABIeHieMb «aruTaTOpOBB», cb ApyroH cTOPOHH, — oTwbHOL 
Mp&ABHTCIbCTBOMS «Ipe3BHyattHAXd Mbps. Jopazp Jlelirtpymb HacTod- 
TeIbHO TpeOoBar'b, ToOOH coercion acts OHH ONATh BBeweHH. «Onn 
HHCKO1BKO He CYSCHANTS JHTb, YBackalwMaxb 3aK0HH», — DpHoa- 
BHAB JOpis. Ama ero BHACaHO KPOBbH BB ahhadn Mparangin. Bors, 
HaupaMbpd, BIJePHEA 3b ACTOPIA arpapHaro ABuReHia Hayasa 
WECTHACCATHX TOLOBS. «BEuMaAHic eHerb J9TIOPAaMH H8b CBO-" 
HX'b (epMepoBh He UMBAO UpenbsoRD. Penta DOBWIMAIACh Ch Kak- 
KHIM TozoM's. TloMBUAKb He 8HaIb APYTuXdb TpaHHOb pH CBONXS 
TpeOoBaHiAxh, KpOMh coOOcTBeHHaro alleTHTa, KuupHsa HH DoTped- 
Hocte#t. [loctpofika nombiunkowb woBaro ALopia Bb JIonN0H'B, O60.4b- 
moH KapTOUHHH NPOHTPHINS, wesMBpHHA TpedoRania Magno w6o8- 
HHIIEI,—BCe 8TO OTPaKalOCh Ha HPIAHICKOMb hepMep'’b; Bee 9TO IB- 
uaao ero cymb6y emle Oorbe MpagHol. Penra pocaa. UH, korga crapnit 
NOMBOLURS “84e8aIb Bb Maabuirpemh AOATOBb, ABIANCA HOBLH b.ia- 
whieh, OnTh MOxeTh, Ooabe OepeatuBh, HO CTOIb Xe Malu». 
Cpeqa cTapHxb MoMBULHKOBS,—UpolommaeTb HCTOPHRS,—cCBOeW wal- 
HOCTLIO OCOOeCHHO BHABISIMCh NATb: Mapkus’b Caaliro, rpapp Ibb- 
Kou, Osr0Hb Wlost0n%, Txonb Ixopirxd Ogalips uw ropa» Jleftpum’s. 
Hocabanifi orawyaica He TOMbKO Kpafineli rpy6ocTbe (ipa Bub 








24 ARIVUOH E 0. 


TOMBMHKAa KeHH M AovepA HepMepowb OTS cTpaxa Boalala Bb 
ucTepuRy). «Droit de seigneur,— 1poyoaKaeTs WATHpyemul HCTOPHR'S, — 
cyljecTBoBal0 Bb Upilaniin Takb xe, Kakb 4H BO @panniv; HO BS 
nocabynek sto mpaBo YHHITOReHO peBorwMie, Torma kKakB Bb Up- 
JaBin OHO Oporepxkasoch AO WecTHAecaTHXS YoxoBb. Jlopxs Lefir- 
PHMb, Bb 3TOTb COTHOUeHIH, NOMOOHO APYrHMb DOMBOLNKANS, CBEPSO- 
CTBOBadb, KAKb uyMa. BB ero BOTUHHE Kawah Dpuromag AbByHIKAa 
AOIKHA OIA ABUTLCA Bb DOMbIUBIA JOMb, 6yzTO OH, Ha CayROy. 
Jlom's Npespallaicd 11a XBBYMIKH Bb TWPbMY, a cAyROA—BDb 1030p. 
Cepesb HBKOTOPOe BPeMA OCTABICHHad AbSRYMEA OTMpaBIAAach BB 
AmepHky, &2 TOMBOLMKS Upeltararb HoBoH xepTBb BHOOpbh MezLy 
HOCTyNAeHieMb Bb TAapeMb IM HBTHaHieMb OTWAa H8b PepMbi» *). 
Baaropoxnn sopas, tTpeOywmiti Treneph spespHgaihnxn mbpb— 
CHH® TOTO rpata, 9 KOTOPOML TOBOPATb HCTOPHK. 

lopay Jlelirpumy sospaxair, x0pap Jlégse#, koHCepBaTOphb, OuB- 
Mifi Bune-kopoib upaanrceili. Jopyp Aénneti sareropHueckA 32a8BHE4, 
4TO coercion acts He TOJbKO He BHOCATB YCNOKOeHIS, a HalpOTHBt, 
ABIAN1CA DOCTOAHHHMB HCTOYUHHKOMD, passzpaxenia. [pasuTeabcTBo 
CHAbHO TOIBKO TOTJa, KOTMA eTO HOMMEPKABAeETH OOMeCTBeHHOeG ME'- 
Hie. Tombko TOrqa OHO 3aKOHHO. BoTbh moyemy Bch TOAKH po To, 
WTu aBTdidake JOARHH OHITh BB Mprangin rocsogctBywimek Haniek#— 
BpeABH. KciH e MpaBATeAbCTBO AOIRMHO CINTATBCA Cb OOMLECTBEH- 
HHMD MABHICMb,—OpOtvImalb J0pah éane#, -—10 HeoOxOqHMO BB 
Hpazangiv nocTpouTb cucTeMy yopasaenia corzacno !4eazaMb 605b- 
IMHCTBa HaceJenis. 

Apyrumu caopama, Onemiti BuHe-KOpPOAb BHICKASHBaCTCA 382 06- 
JacTHo ceims Bb Wpxzanain. bHTh MOmeTb, YHTATeEAH BCOOMHATS 
HpoO KHury A0pya ,lénpefipona, o KOTOpOH & OBCarb He Takb JaBHO. 
Hl TOra TOBOpHAb pO TpyNoy -MpexpacHOJyMBNXb ApAAHACKHXL 
NOMBUOMKOB-KOHCUPBaTOPOBb, kKOTOpale, wocrb paspbulenia semexs- 
Haro BOUpOCca, CTOATB 8a COdHmeHie Cb HaliOnalucTamH. Tenepb BHB 
COMH'bHis#, 4TO OnIBOi BUNe-KOpotb TIyOOKO CHMNATH8ApyeTh 9THMD 
<IPHMHpeny amb». Apsenie sto Kpaline AMOONLITHO. OHO NOKasbIBaeTh, 
4TO MHOTiC KOHCePpBATOPH UPHIMIH Telepb Kb SakNWYeHIW, ITO eCABH- 
CTBEHHHH coocoOb nolnaro saMupeHia VUpaangia atTo—gaposanie ef 
oO6aacTHoro cefima. Pedopma. sTa He HaSHBaeTCA CTPaMHHMb Ag 
KOHCOPBaTOPOBh HMeHOMh «TOMpyib». IlpaAsyMaHb UCeBAOHAMD ¢feBo- 
iis», HO CYUIHOCTh ocTaeTca Tow xe. Bab comnbHis, ITO O6xAacT- 
HOH ceimé y WUpaanjzin Oyjerb, XOTA TPYAHO CKa3aTb, Kakad ASB 
ABYXb flapTii ocyulecTBUTB pedopmy. Muoro BBpOSTHOCTH 3a TO, 
4TO OCYMIECTBACHIG PeOpMH AOCTaHeTCA KOHCepBaTOpaM. 

Vitakb, nocabagifi NYHETb, CHAbHO OTABYaBMid NporpaMMy parzH- 
KalOBb OTb KOHCEPBATOPOBS, T. e. OTHOMeHie Kb eO1acTHOMY cefimy 
Mpasangiu,—yctpassetca. JemapkanionHofi snnieh Memay Dapriama 





*) T. P. O'Connor The Parnell Movement 1887. p. p. L11—116. 





H3b AHI. 25 


CTAHOBATCA He OTHOMeHIie kb WOAHTHYeCKOH cBObOAb rpaxlanh (BD 
STOMb OTHOMICHIH MORTY UapTiaMH ye AaBHO HBTS pasHHuOH); He 
OTHOMEHIC Kb COMIAILALIME pepopMaMb (KOHCepBaTOPH BbICTaBHAH 
HeHCiO JXIH CTAapHEOBB H BOCbMHGaCOBOH pabogili aenb elle Bb 
1895 ©), & DpHBePReEHHOCTS Kb TOMY HAH APYTOMY BSTIALy Ha TaMo- 
HKeAHHA UOMIRHH. Mab MAOTO ’ Pash MpPAXONHA0Ch BHIACHATD Ha 
cTpanHnaxtb «Pycckaro BoratcrBa», KakuMb OOpas0Mb BOBHHKS Bb 
AHTAid cCHOph O WpeHMymecTBax® TOH ula aApyrof tTamoxesHoH © 
CHCTeMLI, & Take MOGMY ITOTh COUPh UMBETS Takoe KOLOCCAaLHOe, 
HKHSHEHHOS SHAYeHIC AAA TpOMAAHAarO Haceledif ABYXb UpOMHIMIAeH- 
HHXb Mipops *). Al BHACHAIb, NoGeMy Mipb, oOpabarmBawntili He 
BOAOKHHCTHA BeLeCTBAa, CTAaI'b OUPOTCKOIOHHCTOMb A NoweMy paHoH', 
RuBy Mi OOpaborko# TeKCTHALHHXT BeMECTBh, BUAUTS Bb CBOOOMHOH 
TOproBys cnaceHie ana ceOa. Takb Kkakb TeNepb BB ABTHIH-: HCXOLS 
BHOOPOBS 3aBHCHTL BCeNbIO OTh MACCb, TO H puTpaseph, Hu mpo- 
TCHQIOHHCTH WOCTapadiCh BIAHYTb Bb cBOH CHOph BCBXD aBTaikCKAXt 
H3Ouparenei. Jlo mnoca’bansro BpemMeBnH (puTpezepaMb He TDPYAHO 
OHIO JOKasaTb MACCaMb, 4TO CBOOOAHAaA TOPIOBAA BHrOsHa AAA 
pesgetapiara. Ha Bi6opaxt 1906 r. opoTrexmionacTH Ona pa3s6uTH. 
Ho wagparawmifica NpOMHIMIeHHHH KpHsHCh, Cb NOcABACTBIEMb eroO— 
OespadoTunel, sacTaBiseTh Teleph MaCCH s3agyMaTbca. OBB OSH 
Niexie CTaTHCTHRA H SKOHOMHCTH, & TYTh OMPOTCKMIOHHCTN Kampf 
WCHb TBEPAATL: «TAPHPANA PEPOPMH O8HAAaNTh paooTy Asa BCBX». 
MT Macca koe-ryb, Kakb MOKASHIBATh AOMOABHTCABBHC BHOOPH, CTaIu 
Kore6aTbca. RoscepBaTophl ond. Tenepb CHH Hamlin BL mpoTek- 


Wivik¥smMb HOBbI Ju3yarh aK ceda. 
Aioxeo. 





ne omer 


*) Cu. ,Ogepxa Cospemesnott Aurain‘, crp. 33—113. ,Anraifckie Us- 
ayeThi“, ctp. 287—-319. , 


26 MM PEHCHEP 4. 


/ 


CoppeMeHHad jWpucnpyAeHuia u yaexle 
jl. 1. Wetpaxuukaro. 


(Tipog. JI. I. Merpaxunxif, Teopia upasa m rocyzapeTBa Bb CBA3H Cb Teopies 
HpascrseHHocTa. T. I, JI, Cn6., 1907). 


IY. 


Korga Dlerpaxnnxifi upeanpHasa® cBoe ncaxogxorM4ecKoe 0G0CHO- 
BaHie Upaba, OHb HE MOTB He HATKHYTECA HA Ma0AOHHYW, 3aCcTHIB- 
My Bb TpasenionHHXh PopMaxt ocuxosorin. Upaponyd MepexiBa- 
Hif Bb BAIS pasIWIHbIXh NCHXOAOTHUeCKEXS ABHKeHI, DPaBoBEHe 
HMMeparHBh, OMyUaeMHe YACBBEOMS Bh KayecTBh “akAXb-TO Berb- 
Hii, O6A3aTCIbHHXD Jia BHYTpeHnHeh ero KU3HH H AbACTBIA,—BCe 3TO 
COBepIeHHO He YMBMal0ch BL PaMkaXb PYTHHHOM CHCTeMH, CTOSIMOH 
OTE BBEA HA TPeXb 8HAaMCHHTHIX KHTAX'S: HA IYBCTBAX, Ha MHD Ae- 
Hin, Ha Bomb. Ucuxos0ria sTHKH H MWpaBa OKABHBalach Bb SHAIHTeAD- 
HOH creneHH HCKINIO4UeHHOH usn cTapo NcHXxXOJOrin, WH Nepeyb BRAMHME 
ABTOPOML CTOAIA HEOTBPATHNAA WJCMMa: HAH OTPCUbCA COBCKNDS OTD 
cosqania BceoxBaTLizawmet Hv WhabHoi Teopid mpaBa, DocTpoeHHo# 
Ha HCHXOAOTHGeECKOMD Oasuch, HAH xe MPHCOCAMHHTHCA Kb HOBOMY, 
peopMaTOpckKOMY TeyeHilo Bb NCHXONOTIE. 

Iletpaxuosifi ocTanoBHAca Ha HOcIbAneMb pPbUeHIH, H eCIH Ba- 
MeKH H HagaTen cBoeH NCHXOAOTiM OBS AaIb cule Bh cBouHXL Oorbe 
PaHHEXh, /PHAHYECKHXT COUHHCHIAXH, TO, HAWHHAA Ch «OFEPROBS 
puAocopih MpaRa», ons ye ACHO u3OHpaeTS pehopMaTopcRoe Haupa- 
BueHie 4 BB «MOTHBAXh YeaAOBbICCRAXDS NOCTYMKOBb» u BB «BBeRe- 
Hid Bh HByYeHle MpaBba H HpaBCTBeHHOCTH», pBMATeIbHO CTAHOBHTCA 
Ha HOBEIf MyTb, KOoTOPHH AH UPHBOAATS ero Kb 3aBepMewiW NCHXOs0- 
ruyeckoH Teopia papa. Jaa mcnxos10rosy OcobeHaO BaRHOe BBAUe Hie 
RoaxHO UMBTD SescnopHO ynomanyToe «Bpeyzenie»; onupasch Ha YAy- 
6okoe usyyeHie CORPeMeHHHIXD Ncnxororwyeckuxt Teopi, Lerpamun- 
kifi qaeTD 3ybcb BB BEICHIeH CTeNCHH HSAMAYIO EPATHKY TPalHMioH- 
HHXb Bosspbaii, pas6upaeTb Ha cTporo MeTo_Osoruaeckoh OCHOBS 
OOMleEnpHHATHSA waiasya TpolicrnenHol ncuxogxorim, H OTBeprad Raw: 
fare 3b TPeXb «KHTOBL>, KARB HECHAYIHHA KAaTerOpi, CBORUTh BD 
KOHIYS KOHIOBb IICHXHKY YeXOBBKA Kb WepBOHATAIbHOMY CAHHCTBY. 
Bs oTomb orsomenin BMbcrb co cCBOMMS OTAQACHHHMD UpeAMecTBeH- 
HHKOM OHS MOT OM BOCKIHEAYTS: 30bcb «BCe CXHHO® H «HBT HH- 
KAKHXE OKOHWATCIBHHIXE pasiHui». 

ITO De€PpBOHAYAIbHOe eAHACTBO, NpeAcraBsgwmMee OcoOHf HHTeE pers 
Aja comosora u wpacta, ycTanaBanBaetcs IlerpaxHOkEMb KAS 








COBPEMEHHAS WOPHCIPYIERISA. 27 


pasb BB TO O61acTH, KOTOpad OCO6eHHO OAH3Ka SOOAOTHYECKOMY MIpy, 
CTOHTh Ha rpaHHyh cy6bekTHBHOK MNCHXHKH HM OOBCKTHBHALO IIpPHCHO- 
co6zenia. [I Heapsa He OTMbTuTb, 4TO yRe NoKOHaWH H.. K. Muxai- 
AOKCKIA, OnaarozapaA CBOHMD HSCABLOBABIAMD BE OOAACTH AABOTHALO 
MBMH8Ma, MAaCCOBOH NOApamaTeAbHOCTH, PasIHIAHHXb MCHXOBOBS, 
BPO” SMAAeMHGeCKOH XOpeH H MepsuecTBa, 6G1aTOLapA, HAKONE, BHE- 
MATCIBHOMY H3yY4eHIW OTHOWeHIH <repoeBb» HW «TOINH», IPHMeAb Kb 
HeoOxOAHMOCTH H3yyeHia OCOONXS MCHXHYCCKHXD «PakTOPOBh», «BHY- 
TPCHHAXD ABHraTeleit», OCOOLIXh «HMIYAIbCOBB», KOTOPHIe LOIKAH OOb- 
SACHHTh H «BCR ABICHIA KROJACKTHBHALO YBAeCYeHIA H HPABCTREHHHIXS 
amHieMifi». Bb CBOHX' CTATbAXD, UOCBAMCHAHXD YKAIAHHLIMD, BOUpO- 
camb, Muxaiaoncniff upuBerb Maccy akTOBb H OOTaTy!0 KOIeRMIN 
NPHMBPOBS, KOTOPHe APKO PHCYIOTh HaM’b KaPTHHY MICHX0-MOTOPHHXS 
BaxenHifi H 8acTaBIANWTh IpHshaTbh, «ITO BCAKOe UpescraBienie 1a H 
BCaKifi Ocnxuyeckili aRTL Boobmle 8akaHynBaerca OescosHaTeIbHHMu 
HENPORSBOIDHLIMH BMKEHIAMH»; UpaBla, STH «INCHXO-MOTOPHHIA IBH- 
KeHid» JaleKO He OKasHBalwTca BCera AOCTATONHO WbsecoobpasHAMH. 
OaHakO Ke, HeAb3A He MpPH3HATh AX TPOMAaIHOH porW BD ABAB LUpH- 
CnocoOAeHiA XABWXD CYMECTBL Kb ORPyKalwMe cperab. He comamb- 
HIM, Muxafzopcsiii He MOD JOKOHUNTL CBOHXD HSCIBIOBAHIB, A XOTS 
HayWHad UCHXOIOriA COBPeMEBAOCTH eTO F1yOOKO He YROBACTBOPANA, a 
NICHXONOTHYeCKOe HeBBRECTBO HAIMUX IOPHCTOBh WH He3HAROMCTBO Cb 
CHXH4ecKOH MOTHBaIlieh ero HCKPCHHO MeVaAHIO, CAM OHS He YoubId 
ZaTb TOH sakonyennoll coniaapHoli McHxXOAOTiN, KoTOpas, 10 ero MHB- 
Hil0, OHA TAaKb HeoOxoaMa *). 

OjTKkasb OTb pa3antAHX PAaHTACTHYeCKHX'h Mpelcranseniii Bb 06- 
HacTH JICHXONOMIH WH OOpamenie Kb YHCTO HAayIHOMY MeTOLV—OTdacTH 
HOF BAidHiemb ycubxosd 30010riw 4 PusioIOTi4—3acTaBHAO HE OLHOTO 
Muxafiaosckaro OOpaTHTecA Eb NOAOKATEIDHOMY H3z74eRI HOBLIXD 
(PARTOB_ H MOCTPoeHifO HCIepIABalonieH uHxXb Teopix. Mipb «O6esco- 
SHATeAbHAlO>IpuBAeKh Kb ceOb BAHMAHIe He OAHXD TOIBKO Kapnesn- 
TepoBs H CreHceposs, cb oHOH cropoHH, TapTManoBb HW UX NpHBCp- 
*KOHLeEBB—C'L Apyroli. Y Bamero Marepiagncta NHaiia MbI BCTPbiaend 
HONKITKY MOCTPOHTb GACTO HAYISHYW, MOSHTABHYW JICHXOAOTIIO He MeN be 
pBoMTeAbAy0, YSMb Y COBPeMCHALIXh OMY, & OTYACTH NocCaABAYH- 
WAXD MPawy3ckuxXd u anraifickuxt ncuxosaoron’y. WM y pamero Hnaniia 
na DepBy W1anb BEABHTaeMA OCObCe «Oe3CO3HATeAbHOe MBUNIeHIC>, 
KOTOPOe BXOAUTS, KAKb OAH 3b WpONecccoBs, Bb OOMee TeyeHie 4e- 
AOBBuecKaro MHIOIIeHIa. M y sroro MuCaTeAS MHI HAXOAMMD yEa2 Hig 
Ha MOTOPAYH MYHKUIW MBUUIEHIA, UPHIEMD «kawsoe OOHApyRenie ero-— 
Oya TO addekrs vIn AbicTBie—sIBAAeTCA TOADKO MOTOPHHIMS (HIH 
MYCKYAH-BOs6yRIaWLHMb—musSkelerregendes) MHWIeHieMb, a cAb- 
FOBATeAbHO MPOAYRTOMB BOsOyRACHIS CO CTOPOHH MBICAHTCTbEALO. 


*) H. K. Maxatnoncxif. Counnenia. T. I, erp. 104-- 106, 122, 126. 127, 135 
337, 139, 148, 150, 209, 212, 804—314. 





_- 


“ 


~~ Me. PEHCHEP 4b. 


OpraHa HW BOsOyYRIAeMOCTH MOTOPHNXS mpacnocobsenifi. Name ocoby~ 
ONACHOCTh BHAHTS Halrh MNCaTedb BS TOH OnICTPOTb, Ch KOTOPOW pa- 
OoTawWTh MYCKyAN Ob BAigHieMh MO3Ta: <Pasb TOIbKO ATHTCH 
ceKyHayY wpesxctapsenie 6esb mpoTHBoxbicTrsia, TOTIaCh Me CKH- 
Ma0TCH MYCKYTb, HAHOCHTCA CMePTeAbHAaA pana H OBmeHcTBO 6esCHAb- 
Haro oTyannia Opocaerh upecTyNHHESA Ha ero KepTRy» ~*). 

«BescosnateibHoe MBbIMAeHie» 10 Teopia Keanna Npou3sBOxHTb BO 
Bce MYCKYIbHOH CHCTeEMb— KAR MPORSBOAbHOH, KOTOPad Npeumynre- 
CTBCHHO. CAYRHTB XbHCTBIAMb, T&Kb H HeMmpoOusBOsbHOH, KOTOpad 
TAEKE CAYRUTE adekTiMb—UBANA pAb BeEChMa TOHKO OTTBHCHHHXS 
--Bos6yxjenifi, KOTOPLIS, YMCHBOAaAch BO CH'B, MpepHBasch Bb 06- 
MOPORS, ORAHYHRAWTCA AHIIb co cMepTbO. II pH NOMOMH STHXb 3ako- 
HOMBPHHXDE H IOTOMY MOHATAHIXD MYCKYIBHEIXD OTpakenifi BHHOCATCA 
Ha HAapyRAYO WOBepxHocTh Thra, Ha BOAHOOOPasHYH MOBEPXAOCTS KOMH 
OescosHaTeIbHH A, a CABAOBATeEAbHO, HanOorbe BHYTPeHHia H CKPHI- 
THA COCTOSHIA yXa H TakHMS OOpasoMs OOHapyHHBaAWTCA JAA BCeTO 
EPyTa YMBALIXS HadrWAaTexeH... TAKS RAK CRIOHHOCTS KH OTBpPanenie, 
AOBBpie AH NOMOSPHTeIBHOCTS ONperbraawWTca WBolicTBeHHOH—BOCHpH- 
HHMaWleH Hw npoHsKo_smeH (<productive und receptive>)—ybarens- 
HOCThD GescosHaTel’bHaro MHINAeCHIA, KOTOpOe NpH IOMOMA BHpaboTaH- 
Hol AANAOMaTIN aderTORH peryxnpyeTs opMu obpamenis... Baiawie 
OescosHaTeabHaro MHIUMeHiA, OHAKO, HAKOUM’S 06paz0Mb He OrpaHHyA- 
B2eTca OLHHMA adpekTaMH; OHO TOCHOACTBYeTS H Bb COSHATCABHWX b ABH- 
KeHiAXh; cOsHAHIe MOKETH OCBBMATS TO.AKO Y3KYW NOAOCY rAaBHaro Ha- 
paBlerenis [BUKOHIK, camoe Re BLINOIHEHIe MACCH NOLTAHOHENX® JBERe- 
Hit JomRHO OHITD WpexocTaBrzeHo cosbicTBin OescosHatexbHaro MBIII- 
xenis. MW sacnoe wba0, ITO NOCKB TOTO, KAR BHACHEHO, ITO «GesCo- 
BHATeCIBHOe MBIDIMAenIe MPH H&BBCTHEIXS YCIOBIAXt MORCTS BHMOAHETS 
BCE, ITO IPOHSBOAHTh COBSHATeIbHOe, TO H CaMOe CO3HAHie HeIbSa CUH- 
TATb CYMeECTBEHHO ONperblawmeh NpHidHOH: Takb KAKb BTOTS Pas- 
TOPh HE HeOOXOANMD, TO CFO CIBAVeTS PascMaTPHBATb TOIbKO AHINb 
Bb RavecTBS compopomlawWmaro, XOTA H Bb BHCIMef cTeneHA NosesHaro 
WposBienia zm mbictaia... Bs adpekTb crpaxa HAH PadOCTH MOTYTS 
ONT BETOIHCHH ClomHbAMIA ABAREHIZ... ONHAKO, PAKOCTS DOAOOHNXS 
ClYWAeCBL YRASLIBaeTh, Ch APYrOH CTOPOHH, HA NOAeSHOCTh CO3HAHLA Bt 
pouecch o6napymenia muican. TbMb He MeHe, HecMOTpA Ha 6e3- 
CIOPROCTS NOALBE, LA Hach AMBbeTh BAKHOCTL TOIKKO HeCyMecTBea- 
HOCTh IposBaeHia cosHaHia» **). 

Ja TOTO, YOON WOKa8aTb Ha MpumMbpb saavyenie Takoro pe- 
I€NTHBHO - IpOAYETHBHAaTO H BMBcTB OescosHaTeAbHAarO MBIDWeHIA, 
Knainth IpHBOAUTh HaMb CAYIAH, KOTAA H COBHATeCIBANH uw Ge3scosHa- 
TPALHHH WPOMeCCh OKASKIBANTCA BHOZAB TORACCTBCHHHIMHA 10 CBOHMS 





*) L. Knapp, System der Rechtsphilosophie, Erlangen, 1857 r., erp. 58— 
“61, 65. 
**) Tams xe, cTp. 70—72. 





COBPEMEHHadH IQPHCOPYARHIIA. ' 29 


posyAbTAaTaM’: <P‘ HBCKOABKO WiojeH HeOMBAAHHO NOIRAN OsaboTUTLCA 
OxXpakeHiem’s cBoeH xu8HH HAH cBOeH OFeKIN, Tb, HalpHMbps, raa- 
SbwMie BPHTCIH BHEBAIHO OKASHIBAaNTCA TOM yrposoh Kayawumeiica 
CTBHH H3H HampaBIeHHOK Ha AHXD NomapHoH TpyOnl, Tams O6n4HO 
BCB AbAaWTE OfHO H TORe—BCb ObryTD oTTyAa: u TS ROTOpHE BUOIHS 
COXpaHHia cosHanie, Tb, KOTOpHe MoTepalH Upucyrcrsie yzyxa. To, 
4TO FOBOPHTCA SABCh O PasEHYHHIXb cyObekTAaXxd, Bb paBHOH creneHH 
MOMHO CKA3ATb H O PAasAHYAHXS Depiosjaxhb MNCAIHTCIbHArO DpoMecca:. 
KOI¥& CH&bHOe pasipasenie OOpallaeTL MHMIeuie Bb CTPacTbh—co3Ha- 
Hie MOXETT IPHCYTCTBOBATb AIH HTD 6e3b KAKOH Ob TO HH OHO epe- 
MBE BD Jbictsin» *). 

Iicuxnuecki#t AyxoBHHH daxtops Maxaiiazosckaro, TOUHO Takb xe 
Rakb OescosHaTesbHoe MHMAeHie Kuala, HAXOAATS CBO NOIHY}W ana- 
Aoriio BD yoenin Lletpamungkaro. «XosanHomb» yesOBbaeckoH *u3HH, 
<MakTOpaMA, PbINAWUHMH H YIPABAAWWAMH BE OOAACTH ThAOABERE- 
Hifi wu BOOOMe ocymecrBieHia... OioxoruyeckoH PyakMiM NCHXHKH, AB- 
ASWTCH He TH OICMCHTH, O KOTOPHXS AYMSCTE TPalanioHHoe CcHxXO- 
ZOrHweckoe yaeHie, a oMOMiH. UTO Re kacaeTCH SACMCHTOBS NO3HaHiA, 
YYBCTB& H BOAH, TO OHH HIPANWTb ABMS POlb R0OaBOUHHIX', NOLWHHEH- 
HHIXS H BCHOMOFAaTeALBHHXb UCHXHYeCKHXS MpoOMeccoOBh, cAyAXalluxs 
SMONINME Bb KagecTBS cpeqcTBa Ooabe copepmMesvaro eMOMiOHaIbHaro 
UpHcnoco6senia», Tlonawad HON OMOTIAMH ABYCTOPOBHIA, MaccHBHO- 
AKTHBHHA NepeKABAHiA HAH «MOTOPHHA BOsOymAeHia», LeTrpamunnili 
COBEPMeHHO BEPHO sambuaers, ITO «<rpoOMasnoe OOABIIMHCTBO oMOTIiA» 
axe «BCb, KpOME HBKOTOPHXD, BEChM& HEMHOFHXb, UpoTekaWTh He- 
SAMBTRO JIA NepeRHBANMAXE AXS WH HOAOCTYOHH OTKPHITIO AAA He- 
BoopymenHaro Bsopa. Mn nepeaxaBaeMb eMCIHCBHO MHOTIA THCAW 
SMOLI#, YUPABLAWMLHXt WaleMb ThIOMS H Hale UCHXHEOW... 8ACTaB- 
AAWIUXS 1CHx0-aswyeckiff annaparTs usw buATLCA H ASHCTBOBAaTDTAaKD, 
KAEDb 9TO COOTBBICTBYCTh HX KOMAHA'B; HO CaMH OTH X0S8HeRa H YUpa- 
BHTCAH OCTANTCH HOPMAIbHO HesaMbucHHHMA». ITO—ITbub OesyHc1eH- 
HHIXb, CMBHSADMUXS JPYTb APyra, HOPMaIbHO CKPHITHXb H HOBHIH- 
MHIXDE oMOMii... Takb oMOMIH Bb CHAY «cBOeH TBOHCTBeHHOH pasipa- 
SKHTCAbHO-MOTOPHOK UPHPOAH» MpexcTaBsAwWTs codok «kOppeAsTS ABoH- 
CTBCHHOH NeHTPOCTPeMHTeIbHOH, NesTpoObaHok, akaTOMHYeCKOH CTpyK- 
TYPH HepBHOH CHCTeMEI H ABOMiCTBeHHOH, pasxApamATeAbHO-MOTOPHOH 
q@usiozormyeckoKh yHkuiuv sToH CHCTeMH! H DPOTOTHIS NcHXHUeCKOM 
3KHSHH BOOOMC Cb ef JBOHCTBCHHHIMb WACCHBHO-AKTHBHHIMD XapakTe- 
poms». Mia unaye, ropopa cxopamH Huanua, «nepezaya Bosbyajenia 
MBICEHTCIbHAlO OPraka HA MOTOPHHe HepBH MpOHSBOAHTS COKpamlenie 
MYCKYAOBb, & BCKBIcTBie sTOTO H COBAaeTh HCTOPUIeCKIA Mpomeccs 
se HSHH>... 





*) L. Knapp, B. 8. ¢., ctp. 72—73. 
**) Tierpaxunkii, Beezenie BB asyyeHlie NpaBa H HPaBCTBeHHOCTH, 9NO- 
wmioHalbHan mcnxonoria Cuo6., 1905 r., crp. 268—270, 266, Knapp, Tam, xe, 


cTp. 61. 





30) M PER CHEP 4. 


Utarb, 6escosHare.bHhlf Hpolecch MHSHH eCTb OCHOBHOH H Tep- 
BHInnH. He pasyMb Cb efO ACHHMH MH UHACTHMH KaTeropiamu H cTpe- 
MICHIOMH Kb CHHCTBY, He BOIA, Kak COSHATeADHMI Mponecch o780- 
CTOPOHHe-AKTHBHALO Havaia, He CBOOOJHOe TBOPYLCTBO KaHIOBCKOH 
caMOObabHO ANYHOCTH, OpHmerxueH Bb Mipb, Rah NyTemb HeyRAOH- 
HaTO CI'BAOBAHIA KaTeropH4eckoMy HMUeparuBy epetH Bb paspaad 
He eHOMeHUB, & HYMCHOBB, YMOMOCTATaeMBIXE cymHoctel. A ecau 
MbI IIpHIOMHHMD, ITO KAKb pasb BL vTOH Maccb BbIHO ABHARyOefcs 
TeMHOH GescosHaTeIbHOH KASHH MOKOUTCH BCe OoraTcTBO yRe YHacat- 
AOBAHHATO YWELOBSKOM' MpucHOcoOjeHia, TO cpasy «#Ke MH HawHaeMb 
CO3HaBaTb BCH BaKHOCTD TAakOH HCXOAHOH TOURN 3pbHia Ha NCHXHYe- 
CKYO KH3Hb GeroubKa. He zapousb Llerpamunkitt ch tTaxo# moxpo6- 
HOCTDIU H BHHNMAnieM OCTAHABIHBACTCH HA OTALABHLIXD NCHXHYCCKAXS 
PALAXS PMOMIOHAABHOH KUBAH Ve1OBbKA, XapakrepH3yIOMUXs cobok ero 
AbaTeIbHOCTh, TIaBHLIM’b KO VOpasoMb ABATCAbHOCTS SKCHOMHYCCKYW. 

Yue Anenapiych ycTaHOBHAL, 4TO Bch McuxnHueckie exoMeHH 
ApedcTaBiawWT coOoH MocTosHHHe Gombe HH MeHbe AerKO OTAbARMETE 
Apyrb OTb Apyra PARAM, KOTOpHe MpH BCeM CBOeM'S pasaH4in iper- 
CTABAHIOTS OUpeVBAICHHHA OOMIA FEPTH; STH PALL COBePUIeEHHO OH- 
HAKOBLI Bb AYXOBHON whaTeabHocTH pebeHka HAH JHKApa, Ch OTHOH 
CTOPOHH! H TBOpYeCKaro TeHia, cb Apyrol. M35 cpeqw sTHxb NCHXH- 
GeCKUXS PHJOBb BHTBIAWTCA OCOOLIG MASHCHHHIO PAIN, KOTOPHE Bb 
CBO OFepesd AhAATCH Ha He3aBACHMHIe HM SaBACHMHIe; MepBhle, co- 
raacHo TepMBHOXOrIH MatatTa, MOKHO HasBaTD paboiHMH pAaMH, BTO- 
‘pale — MEICIHTCABBHMM. HesapacuMble pai ONATh TakH MOFyTS 
OLITs pasibiesht Ha JBb YacTH: OJHH, O1aroqapa Upelmecrsy- 
WMeMy YacTOMy yUpaxkHeHilo,’ NpoTekawWTb WpocTo A oq_Hoodpasao, 
MORETS ONT, JaKe 6e3b UCHXHYECKUXS conpoBosutereH, ApyTie-me, 
TeveHie KOTOPHX OTIMYACTCA OTB NpesmectBylWMaro yupamHEeniz, 
ABIAWTCA UPCHMYMLECTBEHHO HOCHTCAAMM HAM CpeACTBAMH Ada ONpers- 
neHian cosHania. SambaaTe1bHOW YepTON BCBXb OTHXS «pAAOBh» OA- 
gbipacTcCa adhe TO, WTO KARIN Hsb HAXD, OyzyyAH Bapianie mper- 
MecTRyOMAXb yipamnenii, ABINeTCA COCPeAOTOIeHHHMS Ha OAHOMS 
KAKOMb-HHOYAL OpesbieHHOM powb WhaTeabHOcTH, Tak’ ITO Mapadg- 
JCIbHOe HW COBMBCTHOS CYMecTBOBaHie HBCROIBEMXD TAaKEX PAAOBS He- 
BOSMOmHO *). 

Y [lerpasxunkaro MH HaXOJUMb aHaAOrHYHHe PAIN «MOTOPHEIX'S 
BOsOyHAGHIii», KOTOPLIe, OTHAKO, IPHBOAATCA HMB Oe3b Kako ObL TO 
HH OHAO JaapAbiimel cucTeMaTHKH, TOIbKO Bb BUS HANOCTPAaWiA Eb 
ero oMOnioHaAbHOw mcuxexoriv. OcTanasluBasch Ha Wab10HHOH § Te- 
opin rojofa, kak'b UCHXHueCKOH OpPHIHAH, Jesxanjed Bb OCHOBB Yex0- 
BhieckoH whareapnoctu, Ilerpaxungsifi oFeHb yiayHO anadHsHpyers. 
PAsIHTHHe «PATh>, He TOKO CBA3AHHLIC Cb TOJOJOMb, HO H OXOT- 
HHUbH, PHOOIOBHHe, padogie, cnOpTHBHne H T. IL, Jawmlie ApERyD 


*) Ti. Matzat, Philesophie der Annassung, Jena 1903, ct. 100 & cba. 





COBPEMEAHAH WPHCIPYJEHOLA. 31 


K@PTHHY YHACIbAOBAHHHXb HAMA OTS OTAAACHABAUIUXE MpelKOBD 
nepexuBavifi. OOpauiaach, 1010680 Kaanny, upoTaBs rpyOaro  9ge- 
MCHTapHaro CBeeHIA OCHXHYCCKOH MB3HH YEAOBBKA Kb «cCTPasaniw» 
H «yjoBoaBcTBiN», Letpaxuukifi pucyeTS Hab YaCThW HEAHepeHtT- 
Hhle, YaCTbNO COMpAMeHAHe Ch cBoeoOpasHoH MepeombaKOH «<yOBOAb- 
CTBia» poveccH, rab onpexbaensad Moni ABIAeTCH OT Hadada 10 
KOHWa TOCHOACTBYIOMIUMb CTHMYIOMD paga *). 

Hla eText payaxs Werpamunearo ocodeHHO sApKO onpaByHBa- 
eTca To 3sambuapie [lnefizepa, kuropoe OS CAbIAID OTHOCHTCALHO 
pasinaid MeXAY UCHXHYCCKUMH HW RABOTHHIMH ABIeHiaMH. AmenHo Ha 
SMOMIOHAIDHHIXE Psaxb ABHReHI MAL BHAHMD KakOe NpPedMyMecTBO 
AXWTh HC TOABKO ABACHIA COBHAHIA, HO HM OHO TOAbKO WhucTBIe NpHBAe- 
aTedbHocTH—Attraction—H# oTspan\esia—Repulsion, ro MpHaTarusa- 
soulee, TO OTTAIKHKAaIMee HACh UCHXHIeCKH OesCOSHATeAbHO OTS Upex- 
MeTOBD BAbUAArO Mipa. Ho oToro Mado. CoraacHo yaeHim ABeHapiyca, 
MH HakONIseMb bin «cocTaBb» AOTHGecKarO, SCTeTHUeCKAro H 8TH- 
GeCckarO XapakTepa, KuTOpHfi ABAAeTCA CBOETO pota YHACIBAVBAH AIMS 
OTh UpeALOBD CK1AJOMb HAKOMICAHHIXD BBEAMH NepexuBanifi, KOTO- 
PHA BCB WOAY4alOTb KA3Hb HM ABHReHIe BO BPeMA pasBHTIA TOrO HAH 
Apyroro ucuxuyeckaro pana **). 

MW ROTb ME BUAKMS, BAKB yY Ilerpaxungaro weTh W pasBHBaeTCHa 
SMONiA YTol0Ja-alleTata, Upeppamawmlaro Bech OpraHHsMb Bb Cile- 
MiatbHoe Opydie «licuxo0-pusuueckifi almapaTbh Boobme, Town Als 
IPOHSBOACTBa MHOTHX' H BeCbM@ PasIHIHAIXd AbicTBI, Ha BPeMS Bb 
alllapaTb clelialbHO NpHsOpOBAeHAHH Kb ABAY ycubuUnaro NMTaHis 
M BHSHBaWOifi» BO BCeMb OpraHHsM «Takia OestHCAeHHbla H3MbHe- 
HiA>... KOTOPHA Bb COBOKYNHUCTH MpeACTaBASWTh «5escosHaTeAbHO 
PeHiaibHoe» Mpucuocvudsenie Kb YCUBMIHOMY OCyMecTBAeHiN PyAKMM 
HAaTania». To.ioab NOBMWAaeTh BHHMaHie YeAOBBEa 0 OTHOMIeHIN Kb 
BUeVWTABHIaMS, KOTOPHA CBASaHH Cb UpelAMeTaMH MuTaHiA. On yBe- 
AHWUBACTh BOCMPIMMINBOCTS OPFaHOBd BABIUAHXD 4YBCTBS, ClYRAMEXd 
AbAY 1HTanis, r1aBHNd 06pas0Mh BEYCa H OOOHAHIA, OHD UbACTBYeTS 
H Ha MO3Ib, BHI3HBad pasApameHie H AbHCTBIe OTHXb S1eMeHTOBb 
HeHTpaibHoli HepBHOli cucTemH. Ob BHBHIBaeTh UpsMo dxsiod0- 
ruqeckia u3Mbuevid Bb wkeAeSAaXb H MYCKYIAXb, HakoHenb, Abi- 
CTByeTb Ha oOOmMee BOsOYHACHHOe COCTOAHIie APYTHXb CBASAHALIXD 
Cb UHTAHieMb OpraHOBb HT. J. <OTO NOOMEHIe BUOAH'S ECTeCTBOHHO 
H IIUHATHO Cb TOUKH spbHisd ecTecTBeHHaro MogsOopa, T. e. COBePHIeH- 
CTBOBAHIA Bb TeYeHiG MHOKECTBA THCAICABTIA OpraHw3sMOBh YyTeMS 
Ckopbimaro BEIMHpahix Menbe npucnocoOseHHHX’b H HacI'bACTReHAATO 


we eo ee ee ee ees 


*) JL Nerpa:sknaxii, Boegesie, er. 229 u caby., L. Knapp, B. uw. ¢. erp. 
99 HK cuba. 

**) Schneider, Der menschliche Wille vom Standpunkte! der neueren 
Entwickelungs Theorien, muTupyio to Mayaty, B. u. c. ctr. 95. ABeuaplyeb 
TaMb «me, crp. 1UU ue cad. 


32 M PKHCH EP bB. 


Tepexolja usMbuenifi Kb AyUMeMy Bb HallpaBseHin mpucnocobsenia 
Kb YCAOBISMS HH8HH>. Sabch BeTH Pbib, OAKAKO, O UpHCMOcobseHiA 
«Kb OOMAMD, OOHYHHMS, IpeodxsaaWlEMb BL MACCB CAYIAeBE YCl0- 
BidMb KHSHH, H UPHTOMS KHBHA He HACTOAMAro NOKOMSHIS, Kak Ta- 
KOBOrO, 3 6OALNIHXS PAJOBS NPCAHAYMUXD NOKOABHIA». ITO—MHICIB, 
KOTOPYH MH HAaXOJHMb H Y COBPOMCHHHIXS 9BOAWMIOHHCTOBS. «Bn 
cTpoeHia Hamero Thaa o6napykuBaetTca OeskoHeIHO ApeBHii BezHKifi 
pasyMb, KOTOPHH OeskOHeIHO NPeBOCXOABTS Halt cOOCTBeHHHH; 08D 
CCTh CYMMAa BCBXD Hie mbIecooOpaseocrH, KOTOpLIA OHH BOCIPHHSTH 
K BODIOMCHH Bb ABAKeHie BCbMA GeSYHCICHHHMA MHITIOHAMH HaleX> 
MHBOTHHXE UPeAKOBh, HAYHHAA Cb CAaMBIXS HAYAABHHXSB pbb... HAH 
Aame OT MeAbYAaHMHXS yepBef>. HeyqABATeIBHO NOSTOMY, ITO <MHOTIZ 
ABHHeHIA, KOTOPNH CAYRaTh HBCKOADREMD IWBIAM', ARINWTCH Bh K& 
YeECTBB ABHReHIK OescosHaTeAPHHXb». WM ecaa wcye3sia NepBoHawaL- 
Had Hied bn yHacsbJOBAHHNXS HaMH Buen, TO UbsecooOpas- 
HOCTh HX octasacb... Ha opumbpb yxoBseTBopesia RaW sananik 
OXOTOW, PHOOAOBCTBOMh, HA WHTCKHXh HIPAXh H 8a0aBaXb Bb CBABE 
Ch HIpPaMH MUBOTHHXS, HAKOHENS, Ha WHOM PHA pabowsxh MOTOP- 
HX, BosO6yxpenit uoKasHBaeTb Lletpamangii, kakb COCAHHANTCA 
YHacIblOBaHHHA HaMH OMONIM, MOpOW coBepMleHHO HSAHMIHia Ups 
COBPCMCHHHXS YcAOBIAXb, Cb BOSOYKICHIAMH, PORAAWMAMACA Ha 
109B'5 HOBHXS NepemHBanili... *). . 

Ilepexoy® oTb omMoni «MaTepiaybHHXb> Kb OMONIAME «<HACaIb- 
Haro» XapakTepa He MOrb npercTaBHuTD Aza IleTpamankaro 0coSeHBHXS 
BaTpyAHeHi#j, 460, KAaKb cipaBbexIHBO sambuaerTh JI. Kuanirh, TOAbEO 
«O1arolapA HesHAKOMCTBY Cb 4YBCTBHT@ABHOH COOCOOHOCTDI MYCEY-Ib- 
Haro alllapaTa, Opeppallawmlaro CTHA HICH Bb AHBHA BOCUPISTIS, 
H8MBpAeMHA COKPaMeniomb KOM H NyAbca, H BepOynmularo Takei 
o6pas0ms GesqHcIeHHWXb HACMHAKOBS YYBCTBEHHALO Mipa AAA Mipa 
HieH—MOIb COXPaHHTb HJCAIH3MB CBOC KHIAMee YRACOMb OTBpPamle- 
Hie Kb MaTepiaxH8My @CTeCTBOHCHEITaTela» **). 

CoBpemMeHHad 9eBOANWMIOHHaa NcHxogZ0ria aaeTSh LeTpamnnkomy 
BOSMOKHOCTh DOCTPOHTS WBAYH Cckadsy MOTHBaLifi, pH YeMb OH pas- 
AHWACTS OTS MONI, HMBWMAXE ONPeABACHHOC H CHeMiaxbHOe CoRep- 
MaHie, Ipyria, Bb KOTOPHIXS XapaktTephb Hw Hallpapsenie Hallero MoBe- 
‘Aewia ompesbasetcs cojepmaniemt cBasaHHaro cb eMomieH mpexcta- 
BICHiA. OTOTS BHA OMOMIH ABIACTCA Bb BHICMeCH CTENCHH Bawabs 
AAd WpaBoBok NCHXOAOTIH, TAKS Kak'b SI'BCh ABATATCALHOS WPeACTABEEHIC 
He Tpe6yerh ogH0H TOAbKO Kakol-Hu6yab onperbaeHHO aRMiH HAA 
wbAcTBig, HO aBageTca oMOriei, conpamenHol cb wAee oOmaro nper- 
cTaBlesia, oOmaro HalpaBieHia OylymeH mbaTeIbHOCTH 4YeAOBBEA. 
Takum o6pasoMb—yTeMb JH yHAaCIBAOBaHHHIXb lpeqcTabxenifi 24s 
OAS BIIAHiCMbH MUYIbCOBh NOLPAKATCAbHOCTH HAH TOTO BHYMICHIS, KO- 


+) Tlerpaxuuxkift, Bregeuie crp. 228 u cay, Matzat, B.H. c. erp. 102—103. 
**) Knapp., B. H. c. cT. 109 -- 110. 





COBPEMEHHAS HWPHCHPYALHOISA. 33 


TOpOe AaeTCH UPOMOBBABHEOMS CB KaeeOAPH, HIH KOMAHAAPOM', CTO- 
SDUMb BO THaBB NOAKA, CEAAIHBACTCA ONPEMbACHHAA OMONIA OTBIE- 
4WeHHarO Tala, KOTOpad Bb CBOW OYepexb ABAACTCH TOABEO dopMok 
Wid BocupiaTia camaro pasananaro cosepmania. WM pasanuaa, zaxbe, 
corazacHo Teopiu I[lernoabja-ABeHapiyca pasIH4Hble <cOCcTaBHl> Ha- 
KONACHHHIXS MOTHBADIA BE AyOVB YeAOBbEA (OTH WHCATeAH pasIHyawTS 
TpH OCOOHXS cocTasa: Jorayecsifi, acreTHaeCKi#f H oTHUeCKIN) BOSMORHO, 
Kakb oTO rbiaerTs [letpamuynifi, ycTaHOBATh H COOTBSTCTBeHHHEe 
KAACCH HOPMATHBAHXD Nepexubanifl. Oraxt gxaccoBs L[lerpaxuueii 
HaCiWTHBaeTh TPH: OCTETHYCCRHX'S, STHYCCRAXD (MOPAIbHHXD A Upa- 
BOBEIXS) H HHTeCIICRTYAIbHHXb NWepemuBakifi, Up vem NocabrABia 
oco6eHHO BHBHrawTca BB «Bsegenin», rab Iletpaxanusifi pas6apaers 
TAKb HaSHBaeMbIA TCOPeTHYECKIA OMOUIH MH POAb SMONIOHAIBHN XD BO3- 
Oyajenift Bb GHCTO AOTHYeCKOMD Uponeccs *). 

Bnoiab npash nostomy Ilerpamuguifi, orga OHS TAKE HashiBa- 
EMEA <a0CTPaBTHHA» HAH «OAAHKOTHEIA» OMONIH BHIIBHTaeTh Ha 
epBHH WAaH'b; OHS HMCHHO MpelcTaBArawTs coool TY mMmcwxHVeckyw 
HOYBY, HAH, BBpHe, TO Opyjie, UpH MOMOMA KOTOParTO He TOKO 
YEIOBBE YUPAaBAReTS GeAOBBROMS, HO H BOOOME CKIANWBAeTCA pe- 
ryiupoBaHie coniambHaro moBexeHig. OTO cuxHyecki# annapars 
HaHiyime#, Han6orbe yoctrynHok 4yxoMy BrisHin dopmy. Camne 
PassHIHHe MOTHBEL MOFYTb OHITE NOAOKEHH BL OCHOBY CFO LOCTpO- 
enis, & OYXYTS JH STO MOTHBH pabckoH AymA, Npacnocobusmett 
CBOW ICHXHEY Kb BMUYAbCaMb CTpaxa, OylyTb AM STO MOTHBE HaeN- 
HHK& HIH HDPaBCTBeHHO cBO6OqHaro H aAWOaMaro YeXAOBbEA — BCB 
OHA CHOCOOHH Bb KOHNB KOHNOBS ath adcTpakuiw, CBa8aHHYW Cbd 
KHBOH oMoMiOHaabHOM OcHOBOH, a BMbeTbch TbMb HM BCTYNATh BD bH- 
cTBiad BCSEIH pasb, KAR TOKO OyseTS BI3BAHa BHBMAHMH HIE 
BHYTPCHHHMH IIPHYHHAMH HMCHHO fanHad oMONia. FloxomuTerbana 
Bersuis, MPOChOH, MOALOH, COBBTH, «4YBCTBO J0JTa», «COsHaHie pasa», 
BexbHiA COBBCTH—BCe STO Bb OLHHAKOBOH Mbpb NopomAaeTS TH un 
APYTisd akiuid BL 3aBHCHMOCTH OTS TOTO, KRakoe comepRawie BABBACTCA 
Bb oTy OTKPHTyO PopMy MCHXHKA, CHAOmeHHY Hanepelh CBOUMD 
OCOOHMD IBHTaTeabHHMB MOTHBOMS. Bh pzymb kamxsaro yerAOBbKA 
TAEHMS OOpasoMb uMBeTCA cBOcOOpasHH <«COCTaBb», cBOero posa 
KaTeropif UpakTH4eckaro pa3syMa, CHAaOReHHadA RBBOK ABHTaTelbHOH 
CHCTeMOH, BBIHO HAaN0IHAeMAa BC HOBHMD H HOBHIMDS Copepxaniems. 
Ks comxalbein, (18 Hach ene He COBCBMb ACHH TB NYTH, KOTOPHMA 
COS{ReTCA STOT CAaMHH cOcTaBh. DBOIWNIOHHCTH po6ywTh cBeCTH 
Bcw Ooph6y MexAy ‘UCTHHOH H JOM, YPOACTBOMB H EpacoToi, 106- 
POM? H 810M, IpaBOMb H HeNpaBOMb HCEAWIATCABHO Kb Gopb6b 
yak HMBWIMUXCA Bb «cocTabb» HPAaBCTBCHHHXb, OCTCTHYCCKAXb H 
AOFHGCCKAXD TepexnBanifi cb MACCOW HOBHIXD, CTPCMAMAXCA BE OTOTh 





*) Tlerpaxnuxit, Teopia upaBa Hw rocyAapcTBa Bb CBA3H Cb TeopieA Bpas- 
erpennoctu. Cu6. 1907. T. I crp. 10 & cabyz. Matzat, 3. u.c.crp.105 aenbz. 
@Mespanp. Ornatas Il. 3 


34 M. PEHCH EP bt. 


cocTaBb, BOCUpiaTii H ABHTaTeabHnIxt cympenili. OTO cBoero poja 
BBIHHH MOeCJHHOKR MCKAY CTAPNHMB HB HOBHIM'D. Bpayb JH, OHakO, 
nocab uscrbaopanii Muxafizoscxaro u Tapga, nocxb TpyqoBb 00 opra- 
HHSaliv BHYWMeHia co cTOpoHH! KpaHBunkaroO MORHO CIHTATh AAHHHH 
BONPOCh paspbIIeHHHM, ocobeHHO Bb Tako oHOTOHHOK dopmyxs; 
HW, Humaly#, upapb Uerpuaxaynifi, korqa OH, Or paHHyHBasch AbROTO- 
PHMH B3aMbuasisMH O COrdaciH CBOe@Mb Cb OCHOBHHIMH o0l0me- 
HiAMH QBOIIOUIOHH3Ma, UCTAaBAAeTh MOK& Bh CTOPOHS 9TOTb Hepbmex- 
HH BONPOCh H UpAMO WepeXOAHTS KB AaHadH3y MCHXOAOrIN UpaBa 
H HpaBcTBeHHOCTH. 

TB ABHTaTeAbHHIA NIpeACTaBIeHid, KOTOPHIA JeKaTb Bb OCHOBS 
HHTCAICKTYAAbHO - OMOMIOHAIbHATO PALA, PachakawWTcs, Rb CBOW 04e- 
peab, no Teopiu LIletpaxunkaro, Ha pasHila kaTeropin, cooOpasHo 
TOMY, H3b YerO OHH COCTOSTS. SAbch Upexse Bcero BOSMORHO Oper- 
cTaBieHie Whi, HIM OYAYMAX NOAERKAMUXD OcyMectTBseHiw Whicrsifi. 
OyHakO, UpexcTaBseHis WhIH AalekO HE ABAAWTCA TOCHOACTBYW MAME 
cpeqH JormyeckHxXs BosdyruTexeH AbaterbHoctH. [loyapiawolad Macca 
YeHOBhIecKBXDE AbicTBIi OCHOBLIBACTCA COBepMeHHO He Ha Wbszes08, 
TexeozorHyeckoH MoTuBanin. HanpotTust Toro, Macca AbucTBiK CoBep- 
maeTcad He «JA TOFO ITOOH>, & <NOTOMY ITO». TakaMb oOpasoms, 
BOSOYAHTeIEMb MOKETE ABUTBCA UpexcTaBsenie ye COBepMABIMArocs 
dakta, 00 camo upupoyb cpBoef oTHocameeca He EB OylyMemy, a 
Kb Ipowesmemy. ITY MOTHBANIN, TAK} Ke KAKB WH UpeAcTaBsAeHie BHXO- 
Aaujee 43% HalHunaro daxta—Tletpaxuoki HashiBaeTh OCHOBHEIME. 
OTb sTHXb MOTHBOBS OTAMYAeTS [letpamuysill OObeRTHYIO HAH Upes- 
METH) MOTHBaNIW, rab oMonia BOs6yxAeTCA BOCIIpPiATeME uSB'BCTHArO 
opemmeta. HesaspucHMO OTb OTHXD MOTHBOBD Iletpamnusili ycTaHaBee- 
BaeTh elle Takia oMOIMIH, rab BOs6yRAWMUML STeMeCHTOM, ABIAETCH 
caMoe UpescTaBleHie TBxXb HIH APyrAXb NOCTYNKOBD, KOTOPHe Bb 
KAUCCTBS <ralkKHXb» HIH <«<SIhIXb» BHSHBaNTh Bb AyMb wex0OBbKa 
HOMOCPeACTBOHHOS IYBCTBO Bleyedia HAM OTBPaMmeHia. ITO — AgkMIOH- 
Had HIH CaMONOBIbiomasd MOTHBalia *) 

Heibsa UpasHaTh NOAOOHy EAaccHuRADIN AocTaTOUHO ToOIHOR 
H CHCTeMAaTHUHOH; cupallmpaeTcs, pasbb He MOReTS ONTh WBIbW Ha- 
mero wbictBid H IpHTOMb COBepINeHHO cOsHaTezbHaro mbsecoo6- 
pasHaro psbictsia, DpeqMeTb, KOTOPH HaxO,UTCH Bb HAaLHYHOCTH? 
KS KAKOMY ELACCY MOTHBANiH JOIMHO OTHECTH JeRAlylO Bb OCHOBS 
eMomiW? EcTb 1M sTO WhleBad, OCHOBHad HAH UpesmMetTHas? OcHosolt 
Hallero NpescTaBaeHis SA'bCb ABIACTCA HAAWIHHH OpeAMeTb, KOTOPHIMS 
MBI KOLACMB OBIAASTS. JA TOrO, YTOOb OBAAA‘TS HM, MH CTPOHMS 
WblyI0O cHCTeMy UbIecoodpasHo-KOOpABHUPOBAHHHXt WbicTBIH. Taxp 
OCHOBHaA MOTHBAliA OpeBpamaerca Bb UbACBYH, a HAIHIBWH OOLERTS 
cTaHOBATCa Ubab. [yb aybcs conyaetca oObekTHad MOTHBalia, TAs 
HayusaetTca Wbsepas? Onnako, Mb NOzeMb elle AaAbWe: Oph TocTpoe- 





*) Tlerpaxnyki, Teopia mpaspa, ctp. 19 m exbu. 





COBPEMEHSAS WPHCOPYREHOIA. 35 


HiH CHCTCMHI CBONXD WbicTBi a HeOOxO_uMO OYAY HCXOAMTh 43% Iper- 
cTaBleHia OOpasa uxt copepmeHia — oco6eHHO, ecXH J'bAO HAeTS O 
WpeAUpisTia cpequ WH OPH NOMOMH Tose, H TAKUMB OOpPasoME Mod 
MOTHBALiA IPHHHMaeTh OICMCHTh «AakUiOHHHi», a BB MOe Mpesrta- 
BieHie BXOAHTb HOBHIH MOTHBS, KOTOPHH DOLGaCD OkAaSHIBAaeTCA Ha- 
CTOJbKO CHIBHHM', ITO MOKECTH COBEPMeEHHO Upecbab FhecTBIA BCbXS 
MOHXS IPeCJMeCTHHXS, OCHOBHEIXS H IbIeBLIXD OMONIfi, cBasaBIAxca 
BR HepasrbiaMnl KayOokb. Mbl cqIuTAaeMd BB BAY sTOrO Oomrbe ocro- 
POAHEIMD H COOTBBICTBYHMUMS HCTHHS yraepayenie Kaania, TO BB 
HalleMb MBIMICHIH, MOCKOIBKY OHO SABAMETCA ABHAaTeCIbHbIMb H BO3- 
OyHIAWMUME TBICCHYH WBATCABHOCTD, BECbMA TPYAHO PaslpaHH4HTb 
Bh KavecTBB He8aBHCHMbIX MOTHBOBD 9MONIH, CBAS8ARHHIA Cb 103Halw- 
DLUMb HW TROPYCCKH-XYAOKECTBCHEHIMDS MEIDIICHIOMS, KOTOPNA ABIAWTCH 
HeOOXOJHMO CONYTCTBYNMIAMH HalleMy ABATaTeIbHOMY COsHaHiW. «BS 
KaXJ0OMb KOHERPCTHOMS UposBlenin BosbymRqawmaro AATeCAHOCTS 
MHIUIIeHiA UOCTOAHHO HAXOAHTCH Bb OOMEMDS, B8ANMHO APYTb Apyra 
TIPOHARAIOMEME CMBUIEHIN BCTETHIeCKOS H DOsHAWMee MBIMAeHie, TAKS 
aTO, CCH UpesctaBsenie Bosbymyawme Oberb Ha MYCKYIH, OHO OPH 
TOM, ONHAKO, HeHsObRHO ONAPaeTCA Ha NosHanie HX BMBCTS cb ThMDb 
CTAHOBHTCA DOM MBPHAO EpacoTH» *). 

Mul 61, co cBoeH CTOPOHH, UpHcoexuHaACh KB Kaauny w BEI 
Bb OCcOOy KaTeropii COsHaTeIBHYIO MOTHBANIN, CABAyOMUMD OOpa- 
30Mb BHAOUSMbHBIH On cucTemy Ilerpamuukaro: Bb DepBy karTero- 
pil sauncauadH Ob MBI MOTHBEI, OCHOBAaBHLIC HA ACHO CO3HAHHHXS Ipey- 
-CTABJCHiAXb: CyOBeKTHBHOH u OObeERTHBHOH UpHIMHHOCTH, 9CTeTH4We- 
ckoit H HpaBcTBeHHOf OMBHEH, UpagTuueckoh mbarecoodpa3Hocru. 
I[buepaa moTHBauia Iletpamuykaro Takb-e, Kakb AH ero akTioH- 
Had, &@ YAaCThWO OCHOBHad IFBIHKOMB HorsomawtTca oeToH kKareropiei. 
Ilpu upambresin yxasanHo# MOTHBALIA Kh OTAbALHHIME UpelMeTaMb 
M XBHCTBIAMS Mb, KOHCTHO, MOKEMDS NOLYIBTH OWBHRY HXDb Bb UpO- 
MejMeMb, HACTOADICMD # OYAYMICMS, OLHAKO, HA Hab Bsrssb HMCHHO 
KaTeropid «OMBHKH» ABIACTCA CYIICCTBCHHHIMB NOHATICMD ig BCE 
neppoH kaTeropiu. Pa3sb o9JeMeHTS OUBHEH YyXOJUTb po%b, 
WBACTBIA, BHAYANB COBSHATeIbHHIA, CTAHOBATCA OescosHaTeIbHHIMH, TO 
MOTHBH, Apurabwmie u Bosdyxganmiie abicraie Bb CHAy OmbaKH, cub- 
HAWTCA APYTHMA MOTHBAMH—CHMBOIA, 3Haka, CHrHala HT. Tn. Kaac- 
CHPUKADIA TOAOOHHIXS CHIH@JOBb MOrda Ob JaTb HaMb pPukasH, 
TWOBeIBHIA, YCAOBRHA JBHReHIS, BHYMeHiA HT. 0. — MOAHTBOHHELA, 
TABIOBAIbHHA, BOCHHHA, CyleOHbId HT. J., BAH, 10 caMoMy cBOH- 
CTBY CHIHalH3aia — SpHTeIbHHIA, CAYXOBHIA, OCASATeIbHHA H T. J. 
Hakonel’b, HE3aBHCHMO OT CHTHAIbHOH MOTHBANIH MHI MOHCMB BhITb- 
AHTb MOTHBAMI [peAM@THY!O, Kb KOTOPOH MEL MOMOMB CMBIO pH- 
COCJHHATh H MOTHBH, BH3HBaeCMBIG MpelcTaBIcHieMh CBOeFO HAH 4Fy- 
Oro FhHCTBid HIH HHOTO ABAeHIA. UTA MOTHBANIA, 10 yTBepRAeHID 





*) Terpaxunkif, Teopia upasa, T. I, erp. 18 w caby., Knapp, crp. 141—142. 
3* 


36 NM. PEHCHEP Bb. 


f Tlerpaxulearo, <mpexcTaBiserTs» HanOorbe OOH JeCHHIH HK pacopocTpaHes — 
HHH BAI'b MOTHBaliH Bb ICAOBbyeckok uw TbMb Ooxbe RUBOTHOH RA3HH:. 
IHTabie, Bb TOMB YHCIB ThAOMBUReHIA BAW, MHTIA, OXOTH... NOAOBAF 
HKH3Hb, THAOQIBUMCHIA CMaceHis OTb TpO3HHXb BParoBh... — 8HARAYTCA 
Bb KHBOTHOMD WapcTBB HMCHHO Ha IipexMeTHoH MOTHBanIn>. 

MHI HE MOKEMD HE SAMBTATh BA'BCh-He, ITO HE PasIn4ad Bb BAAO- 
BOMb OTHOMeHiH OWBHOUHOK MOTHBAIH OTh CHMBOAMUeCKOH H Npex- 
weTHol, [lerpaxnusift anmaetca BMBCTS cb ThMb HEOOXO_MMATO KPH— 
Tepid WIA KAACCHPURANIN MOTHBOBS Cb SBOAWMIOHHOH TOIKH spbwia. 
A Mexny ThMb HeIb3a HO 8aMBIHTb, GTO HMCHHO Tako KpuTepit 
HeOOXOMHMb JNA Haldexanlaro NOHHMAaHia Mepexola OTb mpequcTHok 
HJH KMBOTHOH MOTHBANIH Kb CHMBOAY,—KOTOPHH yRe BL 3SHAYHTCIbHO 
6o1bmeH cTreneHH NpPACyHS WAOBBRY, YBMB RABOTHOMY, H XapakTe- 
pHsyeTS NCHxXOAOTI pabcKaro cOMeCTBa,—a OTB osTOrO nocré1BsTo 
Kb BHCHieH CTYNeHH KYATYPH H DHBHAMZAaIA, KOTga Ha DepByt 
WiaHb BHCTYNaWTb Bb NOBHMawnlelica mporpeccia ‘ HpaBcTBeHHHIZ 
BMONIH BLICMHX® O6AacTeH cosHaHia. Mazo Toro, cmeniaibHO CIMBO- 
AHWeCKAd HAH CRTHAIbHaA oMONIA OObaCHBIa On DeTpaxaikomMy TOTS 
MHCTHYeCKIH XapakTepb HPaBCTBEHHHXb PakTasM'b, KOTOPHH ABAsSeTCA 
id Halero yieHaro 4YTb AH He OCHOBHHIMS MIpk3sHakOMb MOPadbHbLx 
HW IpaBOBHIXh LepexuBanifi. Bb sTOMb NocabAHeMS OTHOMeHIA TeOpia 
Mauata mpeacTapiaetca Ham Oo1be 101H0#, Takb EARD Y HErO CHMBO.1HEa 
H DaHTasMH ABIAWTCA HE TOILKO Pe3yAbTATOMDB HeAOcTAaTOUAOCTH 1po- 
Tecca MoOsHaHif Y MJaJeHYeCKAXb HapoOAOBb, HO HW eCTeECTBEHHHMS 
pesyibTaTOME TOK UcHXOAOTiA, KOTOPad UpA NOMOM[H CHMBOIa BOCIpO- 
H3BOJHTb TePpBORAWAHO-COsHaTe.IbHAA AbicTaia NyTemb GescosHa- 
TCABHO-BOCUPOH3BOJHMNX® MOBTOpeHis. 

OcTaHOBHMCA Tellepbh CHeniaAbHO Ha TBXS OMONIAXS, KOTOPH ERAT sh. 
Bb OCHOBB HPaBCTBeHHOK HW 1paBoBok musa. OTH oMOLTin IleTpamanEié 
xXapakTepusyeTh CABLYOMAMA TpHsnacaMa. Bo 1-xt, onb «ambwrs 
cBoeoOpasani MuCTHYeCRi#-aBTOpHTeTHHH XapakTeph... OHB ACXOLATS- 
Kakb Ob H8b HeBBAOMATO... TAHHCTBEHHATO HCTOTHHRA», <OHB mpo- 
THBOCTOATS HAMIHM’b (APYTHWb?) OMOMIOHAILAHIMb CKAOHHOCTANS EF 
BICYCHiAM, AUNCTHTAMD HT. 0. KARL HMUYILCH Ch BHICMHMS Opeo- 
JOMD H ABTOPHTeTOM». Bo 2-x%, <OH' NepeRABAWTCA KAKb BHYTPCHHAA 
noMbxa cBoOolb, Kakb cBOeoOpasHoOe MpenlatctTBie Aaa cBobOo HATO 
o6xm60BaHia... KAKb TBEpOe H HeEYKIOHHOG JaBAeHie Bb CTOPOHY TOTO 
NOseleHis, Ch NpeACTABAeHieMb KOeTO COVeETANTCA COOTBSTCTBCHHHIS 
eMOiH». OcTaHaBIHBasCh HA e8THXb ABYXB lIPHSHAkAXb, KOTOPHE 
ABASIOTCH OCHOBHHIMH, MHI He MOMCMB He SAM'BTHT, ITO STH UPH3HARR 
Wateko He paBHorbasn. Mactuyeckifi xapaktepb Hamlero MHIMAeHIs 
ABIACTCA OTHIOIb HO HCKAWUATeCIDHOH paBysAerie Hamlero sTHYeCE aro 
MHIIeHi#; HANPOTHBS TOTO, KAKb 9TO BS CBOG BpeMA YKA3axb Kean 
M Kakb 9TO MOMHO CINTATD Ccefiuach Nowra OOMelpAsHaHHHWh, TAKS 
‘“HASHBaeCMad MHCTHEA eCTb HAYTO HHOe, KAKb OLEH} H3b BUAOBD hag- 
TACTHUCCKATO MHMICHIA, HEOOXOAHMO UpHcymaro YexOBBRY Ha H3BBeT-- 





COBPEMEHUAA WPHCHPYARAIIA. of 


HOH CTYHeHH efo pasBUTia9 H BOCHOAHAWMaro pH NomMonH aurasia 
TY MpomactTh, koTOpad OOpasyeTca MemAY HAMMMH UpescTaBlenigMu H 
’ ZBHCTBHTCIBHOCTLW, HANIHMA Re1aHiAMH H PeadbHOl HeEBOSMORHOCTEWO 
HXb yAOBIeTBOpUTS. LH ecu Jame cuuTaTb cb HOBbimeH uxocodied, 
4TO Bb OCHOBB MHCTHYCCKArO UYBCTBA JeKHTS OCOOad aMONia, BAeKy- 
Tad YelOBbka Kb HATBMHOMY CO’mmeHI cb BCeIeHHOH, TO H TYTS 
ME BPAXb JH HaleMb ollpapganie AIA cieMiaabnaro mpiypovenia 
MACTHKH Kb HPaBCTBEHHHMS OMOMinMD BOOOMe. HM mMuctunb, n Pantas- 
MaMb Bb TakOH xe MBpb woAAemaTs BCB Apyria oOsacTa 4 ypAOBbye- 
CEaro MHIUWIeHIN — H CBA8aHHad Cb HBMH eMOMIOHAILHOCTb—Kakd H 
HPABCTBEHBHA H NpaBoBhia oMOouin. Ilpapga, y orux omomif, ects 
HBEOTOpaR OcoOad TeHACHOIA Kb PakTasMaM, HO OHA He MepBuyHa, 
OH& TOIBKO BHITeKaeCTh H3Db TOFO Mpeshaka, KOTOpHH oTmbienb y 
Ilerpamkulkaro, Kak BTopo# *), 

Bropofi npasHakt, KoropHit no teopiu Ilerpaxunkaro saBiaetca 
OCHOBHHIMb JJM HPaBCTBCHHHXb oMODIH, AOImeHS OHTA UPA3Hanh 
TICPBHMDS H HCUEPUNBaNMeMs. AyscTBo WAH cO3HaHie TpaHAH, onpe- 
xbiswme upesbint Wid BHYTPCHABXD cTpeMieHii GeroBbEAa, ABIACTCA 
Bb HPABCTBCHHHXS SMOMIAXS Oesyci1OBHO OCHOBHHIMh UpHsHakom. Ho 
TARS KAR HPABCTBEHHOE MEIMAeHIe ABIACTCA OCHOBAHHHM®S Ha adcTpas- 
WisXb, KOTOPHA CHawalta BO3HARAWTS GOescosHaTeIbHO H TOIbEO M0- 
TOM NOAHMAIOTCH Bb OO1ACTH CosHaHia, HIH HaobopoTs, TO BNOIHS 
NOHATHO, 4TO 9Ta AOCTpakTHad TrpaHuna, UpOTHBOAbAcTByIOMaa ONpe- 
ABACHAHMb RMelaHisMb H CTpeMJeHiaMb, OpexcTaBlseTca SMB TO 
-CAMOCTOATCIBHHIMS, 10 Bb BHIB Oomeckaro noBelbHIN, TO-Bb BAIS 
bictBia, Npoucrekawmaro u3b kako To cy6cTannin. «He6ecHha 
IpexcTaBseHia HPaBCTBeHHOCTH, BB KayecTBB Berbuit HomecTBeHHOH 
AHUHOCTH HIM COeCKYISTHBHATO OTBIeVeHIA ABIAWMelica mbibw camo# 
Aus ceOs, UpeACTABIAWTS cO6OW HHITO HHOC, Kakb avTacTAweCcKOE 
ooosuayenie HeusBbcrHoi uctopia atoro ApesHbimaro u wanborbe 
Irbsecoo6pasnaro Yelowbyeckaro TBOpeHis, Hab KOTOPHIME paboTalb 
IUBAMH PONS APXHTeEKTOPOBS, H ele CerOqHA KaxAwWH ABIAeTCA pado- 
aamM>, H noqo6n0e oGomecTBIeHie HPaBCTBEHHOCTH H BOSBEJeHIA ex 
BaloBbseH KB BHB HaCh CTOAII@EMY HCTOUHAKY kasaloch TBMb Oorbe 
HeOOXOJHMHIMb, ITO y MPAHTASME OescosHaTeIbHO HCKAIS eAOBBED 
TIOMOMM JIA TOrO, ATOOH OCTAHOBATh MPA NOMOMM HOBEIXS AMNYIb- 
COBB BLITeKaNMia H3b KABOTHOH AHSHU CTpeMJeHia Ho BOSOyYRICHHLEC 
PAZAHIAHMH adPekTaMH MO8HBH RB THBBY, 3ABHCTH, CTpaxy H KO- 
phicTu» **), 

Kcaa Ierpaxansifi garbe 8b UpHpoJb HpaBCTBeHHHXB oMOnit 
BHLIBOJHTh BOCUpiaTie COOTBBTCTBEHHHXD UpescTaBleHifi Bb BAB Ka- 
BHX4-TO «<3aKOHOBDY, «BeIbHii> H «3allpeTOBb», BHITCKAWMAXS AKO- 


*) Tlerpaxunki#, Teopia upasa, tr. I, crp. 80, L. Knapp, B. Hw. c, cTp. 13 


4 CHB. 
**) L. Knapp, B. H. c. erp. 144—160. 


38 M PEHCHAEP’. 


Ohl 135 BOAH CBEPXBECTECTBEHHHIXS CyMecTBh wan «Obnle BOIH», 
«<COBOKYNHOH BOJH» H T. I., TO 8TO BUOIHS OObACHHeTCA TBMB, ITO 
cka3zano Bile. M ecau, cb pyro cTopoHy, TOTh cyObexTh, KoTOpHit 
OMLyMaeTb HPABCTBCHHHA OMONIH, YYBCTBYeTE ceOa Bb «OCOOOMB Co- 
CTOAHIH HeCBOOOJH, CBA8AHHOCTH», Te H 9TO, KOHeEYHO, He HayaqHoe, 
aHTacTHyeckoe MpescraBlenie, oTBbiawmee WbAMKOMB XapakTepy 
MMDyaAbcin osra, UpoTuBosbiictsyiome ApyrHMb OMONIAMS HHOTO 
Xapagtepa. Jia Hach, KOHEYHO, BaKHO He AByaeHie BCBXB 98THXb 
(PaHTasM®, KOTOPHA OTBIEKANWTS OTH yesoBbKa ero cOOcTBeHALIA Lepe- 
KuBaHIA KM WepeHOCATS XB BO BHBUHIOW MABHb, NOMOOHO TOMY, 
Kakb MBI MpOeKTHPyeMh BO BH OMYMCHia Hawero riasa wT. 2. aa 
Hach BamkHO CaMoe cojepmanie Thxb nepexuBanil, ROTepHA AexaTS 
Bb OCHOBS HpaBCTBeEHHHXt oMOni#. Ho yxe sibch MH HE MOMeMD HE 
saMBTHTb, 4TO Upod. Derpaxwakifi, cumTad HPaBCTBeHHLA PakTasMy, 
Bb WacTHOCTH MHCTHYECKATO COlepRaAHif, OCHOBHHMS PH3HaKOMDb 
BCBXE HPAaBCTBCHHHIX® SMOMIH, THAME CAaMHIMb—EQKB OTO MH OTYACTA 
yee IIpe{BHXbIH BHIMe — AnMaeTs ceOA BOSMORHOCTA OTMBTHTS 
TO pasBuTie Bb O6AacTH HPABCTBEHHOCTH, KOTOpOe, NOcCTeMeHHO coKpa- 
Mad KOAHYECTBO CHMBOIOBS, a S8aTbMB MakTACTHYeCKAXS Mpescta- 
BleHifi, BeleTh Hucb EB To on0xb, kOrga He H8BHB HaBssanHad 
Bal0BbAb HIH BelbHie, He HMMNepaTHBHad aHTasMa, a cOsHaTerbHHlt 
Wpomecch cBoOoqwaro camoonperbsresia wexoBbRa JacTh eMYy Xapak- 
Tepb HPaBCTBeHHAarO CYyMIeCTBA, KUBYMAarO N10 HOPMAaMb «IpaBAHl- 
clupabelJHBOcTH» *), 

Bt o6a2acTH HpaBCTBeHHOCTH, NOCTpOeHHOH, kaRb MHI ye BAABIF, 
y Kuanna na dbopmyab «Entsagen-Vordern» “1H, 10-pycckH, «oTpe- 
yeHie-TpeOoBaHie», BOSMORKHAH BCerIa ABOAEArO pola MOLomeHis; BS 
HBEOTOPHXS C1YYadXb MH MOUNTAeM ceOa «0OS3aHHHME> OTPeYbCa 
OT THX HIH HBHXD GO1arh BR NOABSY APYTHXS JMS HAW axe 
BOOOMe OTPeYLCA OTH TXB HAW HALIXD WbHcTBIH BO HMA TAKS Ha3bl- 
BaeMaro JOmra; sTo OOazacTb Entsagen—orpevenis, rab He mpexcTa- 
BISeTCH, Cb ApPyroH cCTOPOHH, HAKAKOTO TpeOoBaHis, UpexbaABAseMarO 
TPCTbHUMB IJANOMb HIM TAB MOMAO TOBOPHTh O TpeboOBaHiH AHDIb Bb 
CMHICI' HaWMuxtb cOOcTBeEHHHIXS YBCTBB, yObRAeHIH, NPHANHNOBS EF 
T. 0. Ba stomb cayyab dopmysza orpeyenia - rpeOopakia bIHEOMS 
yMbmlaetca BB AyOS CaMoro YeroBbEa YTO OOAaCTH MOpadH. HanpoTuHBs 
TOrO TaMb, Tab «Entsagen» npexcTaBlacrca IMMb Ha CTOPOHB ognoro 
yelonbka, Npayemb «Vordern» 3akpbuszeHO 38 APYTuMb, H CABAOBA- 
TEIBHO OTPeyeHie OAHOTO ABIACTCA pesyAbTaTOMb TpeOoBaHia Apyroro, 
TaMb BOSHARAeCTB OTHOIIeHic, KoTOpoe UpiypoyuBaeTca RB oOOmacTH 
papa. Kakb MB yxke BUN Bhie, UpH 9TOMB COBepWIeHHO He 
TpeOyetca ABYX pea.IbHO CYMECTBYIOUIAXS CYOBeETOBE, 438b KOTOPHXS 
OMHES Ob TpeOoBalt, mpyrof anmaib On ceOa TSXb HIH HAHXD 
61arb Bb MOAb3y MepBaro, HYRHO TOAbKO, ITOOM Tpebynmi Hay 


*) Ilerpaxunkifi. Teopia npasa. T. I, crp. 32 a cabz. 


COUBPEMEHHAS mPHCIIPY JKHQIA. 39 


4 


oTpekabMlifica Bb ero MOAbBY MpesctaBsaiu ceOb Apyroro cy6sexta, 
Bb NepBOMS Cclyiab—06A3aHHHIMS, Bb APYTOMb—TpeOyWMEM. Takosa 
teopia Knanna. Herpamungi# copnagaers cb Hel Whinkom, xoTa 
pasinvie MOpaiH H papa MonaMaeTh HbcKOABKO Npome. CBow dop- 
Myly «pati-movere»—teprbTh uM ABHraTbh—OHb HE TepeBo_uTs Ib- 
AHKOMb H& BCE COMepmaHie HPaBCTBOHHOCTH, Kak aTO J'braeTD 
Kualirh; 1paBO OHb XapakTepHsyeTh Kak OTHOMeHIe, Bb KOTOPOMS 
Hallh JOATS BakpbIIeH 3a APyTuMb cyOBeERTOMS, HARB HASITO emMy 
HoMRHOe, KARB eFO OOpo. OyweBwAHO Tornoe UpuMbHeHie MopMyAH 
«Entsagen-Vordern» kB oOO2acTH UpaBOBHXb depexnBanifi. Mopaap 
onperbaseTs I[lerpamumnifi 1nmib Cb OTpHNaTeIbHOK CTOPOHH: 9TO 
eCTh JOAb, KOTOPHH He 8aKIWYAeTH BB CeOb CBABAHHOCTH 0 OTHO- 
WeHi Kb ApyraM’s. Herbsa we MpasHaTh HBKOTOpAarO MpexMyMecTBa 
opmyazn Kuanua: ona aers Oorbe WhiccTHy! XapakTepHcruky A 
HOcIbsOBaTeibHOe olperbreHie ARYMB MOIWcaMh AAHHHXb Depemu- 
Ranift *). | 

Tlerpaxankif, OJHAKO, HE YIOBAeTBOPACTCA OJHHMS TOXbRO ompe- 
ubieniemb paBa: Bb IBIOMb pAb OxecTAMUXb CTPAaHHNb [aeTh 
OHb MHB8HCHHOS H HAayUHOe OOOCHOBaHie upaBa, kaRB ocobok UcHXxXH- 
yeckoH aMODiH; UpH NomomA OoraTaro duxzoxorwyeckaro MarTepiaza 
O6OcHOBLIBaeTh OHB CBOW POpMyIY w pas6upaeTB BS TOHTAHMUXD 
pasBhIBIeHiAxXb BCH CTOPOHH! sMOMiOHaIbHaro upasa. Ilepexzt HaME 
TAKUM OOpas0oMbh UPOXOAATS pasIHIHble BEAL MOTOPHHXS BoSbyRIe- 
Hil, Jemalluxb Bb OCHOBS TpeboBaHia u OTpeyeHia, NpaBa a O6a3aH- 
HocTH. OOocHoOBHBaeTca Cb 9MOMIOHAIbHOH cTOpOHHE pasauyie No0x0- 
HUTOIBHHXE UPHTAsanifi, OXPAHHTeAHEIXS A YNOIHOMOURBAWIIUXS; 
Bb CaMOMb AOTHYCCKOME COCTABS MOPAIbHHXb H WPaBOBHIXd Nepemu- 
Bani pasIHWaWTCH BCeBOBSMORALIA MpelcTaBIeHiA, CBASAHHEIA TO CB 
whiictBiemb, TO Cb CyOBERTOMD, TO Cb ycaOBiAMH H THNOTe3aMH Bb 
BHA O6YCIOBIBBANWMHXD WpaBowoe LepemupaHie MakTow. Crosa-Ke 
OTHOCATCH H TpescTaBAeHis HOPMATHBHEHIX® akTOBS, KOTOPHe Npusa- 
WOTh MOAOMUTCIBHWH XapakTepb WpaBOBHIMb NepeRUBaHiAM’, cHab- 
RaWTb AXS BHbUIHeH canEMieH ch CCHIKOH Ha BHBIHIe ABTOPATeTH. 
Oqmako H 30'BCb, Do_OOHO yueHiW oO MOTHBaXS, Ilerpamnnkik ne 
waeTh HaMb Tasxoh kKaccHpukaniv HATeIIeRTyalbBaro COCTaBa, pa3- 
AHYAWXS BAAOBS APaBCTBEHHHLXS aMOnisi, KOTOPad Obl OTKPHBAIA HAM 
ABBKCTHYW COMiaIbHO-ACTOpH4ecKyH TomMOGBy. BosMomxaH Tepemu- 
BaHis, TAB OMHOCTOPOHHE BHICTYNaeTh Ha NepBH M1aHh HMMepaTABHaa 
CTOPOHA, ONperbAAIOMad pasMbphl fOITa, HO OWBaWTS H APyTia uM- 
Tyabcin, rb OFHOCTOpOHHe BHCTyNaeTh cTropoua aTrpuo6yTaBuas. Bos- 
MORHH Upeycrapienia atrpu6yrupnaro xapakTepa — TpeOoBanie Oe3b 
Tpe6yiMmaro cyOBbekTa—H BO3MOMHO 9TO NOTOMY, ITO «Cela yeckaa 
Wpuposa ABIeHifi OpaBa... KOPCHHTCA He BL OO61acTH WATeIAeRTYAaIb- 


*) Derpaxunnifi. Teopia npasa. T. J, erp. 45 nu caba. L. Knapp, crp.150 
H cab. 


40 M PEHCAEP SS. 


Haro, &@ Bb OO1aCTH 9MOWIOHAIbHAar0, HMNYABCHBHALO... COCTaBa». Y BH, 
H 8X6Cb HEABSA He OTMBTATS CMBIMNCHIA COSHATCADHHIXS Upescrassenié 
H CHMBOJOBS, KOTOPOe MHI 3aM'BTHAH ye BHI, & NOS BHIOM «6e3- 
cyOBeERTHAarO» UpescTaBrenia 8{BCb UpAMO *uTypupyeTs oupexbIeHHHH 
BHAKb, CBOCTO POAa CKOORH AA BHIpakeHig BB KpaTKoH dopmb cxz0x- 
Haro H CyObeKTHAarO UpescraBreHigs. Wage He TOIbKO «MOHCTL NOKAa- 
3aTbCA», HO HellpeM'BHHO JOUKHO IpH3HaTh, 4YTO NOAOOHHIA «lpaBOBhid 
TePCRABAHiA Cb OLHOCTOPOHHHMD UMMePAaTHBHHM... aTTPHOYTHBHHIMS» 
Hin «OescyObeKTHHME COCTABOM AOPHUCCKEH HeEBOSMORAH> H IPOTH- 
BopbuaTb «caMoli npupoxb pasa» *). 

Ilepeneceniemb Bb OO61acTb 1paka COBPeMeCHHHIXD. ICHxXOx0rH4e- 
CKHXb Teopifi Takb HashHBaeMaro oMMApiO-KpuTunusMa IleTpaxuneifi 
HE TOABKO BOCKPeCHIb OAHOTO U3b OIHRaAkDUXD UpelMecTBeHHUKOBD 
sTOrO TeyeHis, bBaro reretianna Kuanna, HO H OTEPHAD GescnopHO 
COBEPMICHHO HOBHIA MePCNeETHBH AIA DOHHMAHIA MpaBa H KAACCHOE- 
Kali HP@BCTBCHHHXD abienii. WM ecain, orpaHauuBasch BB pasba- 
paeMOMb TpyXb MCRIUHTeIbHO NMcHxXOJOrHyecKOH cropoHo mpaso- 
BHIXb ABIeHi, Halwb aBTOPh 20 usBBCTHOH cTeneHH u30braers 
COMAILHHXS Toctpoenif, ye Telleph CO1MKAaWMUXS ere Ch HOBHMD 
TEVeHICMS IBOTIOMIOHHO-Oi010rM4eCKaro HAalpaBseHis, TO Cb Apyro# 
CTOPOHH, paso Bb uscxbgopaniaxb Ilerpamunkaro lepexHBaerb 
cBoeoOpasHnlii Ipomecc’ pacuimpeHiag uw coenupAkanin, KOTOPHH zaerb 
TOAHY1O BOSMORMHOCTH cemiOOry pacupexBIHTb 0 HasiexallHwh 
eHTpaMtb H cTajiaMb pasBuTia Oorarbimie mpaBposne payH, HaMb- 
YOHHHe HalIuM’h YICHHMD. 

To HoBOe H SaMbuaTeipHOe. ITO ylakocbh ycTaHOBuTh L[letpaman- 
KOMY, J@HHTb H& HAallb BSTIAXb He Bb eFO HCHXOAOTM4eCKOH TeOpix 
caMo# m0 ce6b, a Bb TOMB UpaMbuenin e& K&B HOBO Teopin pasa, 
KOTOPyl0 OHS MOCTPOHIb Ha McHxXOAOrAyeCKOMD Gasucb. Mepexoxums 
Kb €H pascMOTpbHilo a OMBHEB. 


cd 


IV. 


PealbHO-MCHXOAOrH4eckad TOWKA 3pBHiA HeOOXOAUMO BeAeETh kd 
BHIBOLaM'b, NepeBOPaIwBawWMAMS COBCpMeHHO BBEPXb AHOMS PYTHHHAHA 
BosspbHia Ha OpaBo H ero upapozy. M Bb camomt xbrb: pasb Haxo 
IpHsHaTb mpaBpo Besrb, rab ero Bb kavecTBB TAakOBOTO 4YB- 
CTBYCTbh H IPHSHAeTE WAOBBED, TO STHMB CAMHIMb BHESAaHO Pacmy- 
paetca o61acTb mpaBa JO OesrpadH4HOcTH, 3axBaTHBaeTh Tasid 
ciephl, 0 KOTOPHIXb He MOFb H JYM3Tb COBpeMeHHHI wpucTb. Ha- 
IWUHOCTh Npaba MPHXOAATCA KOHCTaTHPOBaTb fake TaM'b, TB ecTb 
TOIbEO OMHHS YAOBBE, ero UpasHawnliff a BB Hero ,Bbpywmill. 
IIpaso OTHHHS He OlpaHHUMBaeTCA HAIHGHOCTDH KakoH-Oh Te HH 


ae a ee 


*) JI. Terpaxunkia. Teopia mpaza, tr. I, crp. 59—81. 








COBPEMEHHAS IOPHCOPYEHDIA. 41 


6n10 mabz0HHOH abecnocobuoctu. Uerepexb-xbTHit pe6eHoKs, uTpaw- 
mi cO CBOHMb TOBapHIeMd, pascyxzaers, Tpebyerh, bicTByers co- 
TIACHO CaMOMY HacTOAMeMY UpaBy, H He TOIbKO WhTH, HO H RABOT- 
HHA BXOJATh BB NpaBowok obopors. He ropopa ye O TOMS, TO 
CpeqH RMHBOTHHXE YacTO HadsAWJAWTCH BeChMa CHAbHLIC MpPaBOBLle 
HHCTHHETH, OTHOUICHiA WeJOBbRA Kb AABOTHHIMD MOFYTS OHITS CHOU 
M PaXOMB NOCTPOeCHH HA MpaBOBHXh MpescTaBleHiaxh H YBCTBAX?; 
Gorbe Toro, Jake OTHOMeHIA YeXOBbEA KB HeOLyMeBIeHHOH upAporb 
MOTYTb COIOMb H PAIOMS CKIAIHBATBCA MO NpaBoBOoMy Tuny. Bcnom- 
HUME XOTA On Heeprea, Ouaywmaro Mope. Heyero # roBopaTs nocasb 
aTOFO, ITO Mipb CBEPXBECTECTBEHHEIXS CYMECTBS, HACCIAWIMHXS TO 
rpeyeckili O1amnt, TO puMcKit Kanarosii, abagetca jatbHbiuiums 
pacuinpeHiemt mpaBoBoh oOsacTH yexoRbEa. He Hago sa0HBaTb, 4TO 
BCe 9TO CYMeCTBA KHBHA, PCAaIbHHA, COBSHATCALHHIA, BO BCCMb 0- 
WOOHHIA YeNOBBEY, H OWN0-OH1 cTpaHHof HenocabsoBaTeabHOCThN, 
eciH-6H YIOBbE'S, KOTOpH BCTYNaeTb Cb OOFOMB Bb NOCTOSHHLA 
CHOMeHIA, HCKINUAIS eTO NOYeMY-IH60 435% BeIBKOH IBN UpaBh u 
o6asanHoctel. WU na upumbpb espeiickaro lIeroBH, H Ha XpHcTiaH- 
CKHX® ahlelax, CBATHX' A YEPTAX MBI BUHMS, FAK HeEOO HUCXOAATS 
Ha 3eM110 H OOpasyeTs BMBCTB Cb He efnHH Mipb BCIOLY IpOHAkKaw- 
maro wpasponopsyzKa *). 

Boucrauy rpangiosHoe, yAHBUTeAbHOe spbanme: SesnoMOmMHO cTO- 
HTB Tepe} HHMb COBPeMeHHHH IOpHCTh, NPHBHEMI KB OHOMY 
IpaBy, BHALIAaHHOMY BL YrocyfapcTBeHHo azadopaTopia, upusHawmitt 
OOH HOG paso AMMIb MOCTOABKY, NOCKOIbEY CTOHTb Ha HeM'b Has- 
-IHCb: «OTS HawaIbcTBa JO3sBOIseTca». Ho He MeHBe CMYMaeTh STOTS 
BHOBb OTEPHTHH Mipb Oxaropognaro Dporpeccacta uw aAuOepadta, AOpo- 
wallaro KYITYPHHMH Upiodpbresiama Hopbimux) MpaBOBLIX BO3- 
apbrifi. Bbyb, ecau JOMycTHTb, ITO MpaBo Besyb, IB ecTh Upexcta- 
BueHie ABYCTOPpOHHeH 8aBHCHMOCTH, IpaBb H OGasaHBOcTel, OxBaqdeH- 
HoH (aHTasMaMH S8allOBBIH HIM 8akOHa, TO Upayetcs OTOPOCHTS BCB 
OFpaHHyeHis, KOTOPHA ONpexbIsWTE He MOPMH, a caMoe cosxepmanie 
pasa. Bbab ecan Teopia Kuanna u Iletpamunkaro BbpHa, TO TOrLa Bb 
IlapcTBO NpaBa MORETH CHOBA BOHTH Bce, ITO TAK crapaTedbHO yAaceHO 
H38% Hero yculiaMa Joiro#, BbKoBoH OopbOn. Bbxb Torgza nakawTs rpa- 
HHH, OTUBIAOMIA COBBCTh OMHOTO OT UpATasanill Apyroro, H BCs 
OOAACTh JYXOBHOK AHB8HH YeAOBBEA, TAK CTapaTeIbHO ACKINMeHHAS 
H8B Kpyra Upasba w ero BelbHif, CHOBA MOMCTS NOABeprHyTsea Oes- 
GHCAICHHNMS LOCATAPCILCTBAMS AyHOH wu uyaezoH ef Born. J60Bb 
OazarosapHocth, Bbpa u yObasenie, pagocTh H Meyalb—BCe STO MO- 
HETh ABHTHCA Bb UPeMCTaBMeHin UCHXOAOTHGeCKAO MpaBa Lakh ero 
OOBeKTS, H Nake OOlacTh IIOBBEOHeHABHCTHHYECTRA, 3100H H KO- 
BapcTBa MOKeCTH saTb WhAIWH path UpaBooTHomeHif, KOTOpHA yoops- 


*) Tlerpaxunkif. Teopia upasa, tT. I, erp. 86--129, cp. Knapp, B. #. c. 
eTp. 161. 


42 M PEHCHEP 5b. 


JOWBAWTS S81yKO BOAW, OPraHH3yYWTb HeHABHCTh, AaWTh Upasosok 
Opeolh mpectyuzenin. [xb xe salluTa OTb S8X0TO HeMpaBaro Mpasa, 
KaKb OFpalaTb ocBodomeHHy OT Hero awdobb, yObaejenie, co- 
Bhcrb? **). 

HM wagzo ormbruts, [lerpamannift 6e3b crpaxa uw Koxe6anift no- 
CUBAOBATeEALHO HAeTh 00 CBOeMY IYTH, HE OCTAHaBIHBaACh HH Wepext 
K&aKHMH BHBOJaMH H38% pasb NpHHATOH umd Teopin. Ye y ero uper- 
wecTBeHHHkAa— Haania—HaxOlHMb MHI CaMoe pbMATeAbHOe MpPHsHa- 
Hie 1paba Bb OTHOMeCHIAXS YeIOBbEA KD OoraMt, pasbokHAROBh MERAY 
co6ow, Axe Bb OTHOMeHIAX, TakB HAaShiBaeMarO IPHAHYIA H T. 0. 
IipumbpH sToro HaMH IIpuBeJeHEI yae Baile, HO ITO BamH'be BCETO, 
KuHallih OTHIOIb HE OTKA3HBaeTh BE NPHSHAHIM HPABCTBCHHALO Xa- 
pakTepa, Takme Kakb [paBOBoro, 8a TAaKHMH «HHCTHTYTAaMA», KaKkb 
IPHHATHA Y AWRHXb HApOOBb <KPOBOCMBCHTCABCTBO, OCKODZeHIe 
MYHYHHB H RCHMMHS, caMOyOificTBO BOBS, UpaneceHie yexXOBbYe- 
CEBX® Keptss, yOilicrso Wbrefi H cTAapHROBB», Take KAKb 8a «OpAa- 
XifMH» IPA NOMOM[H BOAH, KaxeHaro Kexbsa, Opocania ropMika» AT. 0. 
VM kB HHMDB OCTOHHO UPHCOCAHHAWTCA «AaHTHIHHe HH BapBapcgie 
HpaBHl MPOCTHTYMIM, IpAMO OTpHawmee 6paks oGbesreffenie AbBy- 
Wek H WiaHOMBPHHH, UpastHHIn aWAbTeph Ha XpaMOBHIXt 
NAOMALAXS, ROTOPHH 6HAb OCbHCHD IPABACKATCALHLIMS PeCABTIOSHEIME 
epeoiomb. A BB TO He CaMOe BPeMA, KAR pass Bb TB SIOXH # ¥ 
TbXb IWICMCHS, WePCHOCHBIIHXh Oe8b CTHIAa BCC 9TO GesCTHACTBO, 
BerHGakmek HABOCTEH CYHTAIOCh ONAayeHHOe YOCTeNPIHMCTBO H&... 
onuayeHHad 11000Bb»y! I[pasgza, ropops 0 HpaBCTBeHHOCTA H pass 
cpeqn pas6olinuibax, Oanyb, Kaaunb HashipaeTh ee «napoxiel> 
Epyro#, BHB OaHAH cyMecTByWMeH, MOpaiH, OAHAkO-me, <Hapodia» Bb 
KOHRS KOHNOBS «0NHMaeTcs CO cipaBexaHBoH ropyocTby 40 pbur- 
TCMbHAarO IIpOABACHIA, KOTOPOG [TAaCHTb: «BH Hapyllaere BamH 
KIATBLI Oxaromy Tocnogxy Bory, Mii—cBaTo O10,eMb Halld KAATBH 
yopTy» *). 

Ilerpamungifi NOcBanaeTb MHOTia H, MOKHO O6e85b UpeyBerHVeHia 
CkasaTb, BCJHKOIBIHHA CTPaHHOA CBOeTO HSCYBAOBaHiA NOXHOMY BH- 
SCHeHIW) pasOpocaHHaro Bb OOmecTBB npapa. Cb TOHEHMD AaHaAH30Mb 
IICHXOAOTA PHCYCTS OHS ABICKYO, OTMBIAeTE BCH BARHOCTS UPaBOBOre 
BOCHHTaHia peOeHka H HeOOXOAMMOCTh OMOCTH eFO ABTOHOMHOC ASTCKOC 
Ipazo. Ons BeleTb Hach athe Kb AlTAapPAMh APCBHUXS XpaMost, 
OKpykaeTh Hach OescMepTHHIMH TbHAMH HeOomuTereH H HA APKHXID 
Ipambpaxb yObmlaeTh Hach Bb HAAWYHOCTH HeGecHaro UpaBonopaAgKa. 
Virpht w Upwanuis, caMagd pasHooopasHads, CaMad DLMPOKaH MRH3Hb H 
UBATCABHOCTS OODIECTBEHHHIXS IPyU0b, CACCBh H EAACCOBS, CAaMNS 
HHTHMHEIA OTHOMeHIA BB cpelb cembu, 1068 A ApyROH, caMnle CLOB- 
HHe OTTSHEH Bb UpaBAAX SHAKOMCTBA H Takb HaSHBaeMHXb CBbT- 


*) Tawb-me. 
**) Knapp, B. A. c. crp. 166. 





COBPEMEGHAS WOPHCIPYIEAIA. 43. 


CKRXB OTHOMeHIH DOAyIaWTb Y HerO MpaBo-NCcHxXONOrMHGeCKoe OCBE- 
MeHie; Cb KyALTypHOH cpefo cauBaeTca srBcb OTS JAKAXS H Bap- 
BaPCKAXB HapO0B, & paso, MbIbHOe H BCeOOBeMAMMee, RABOE A 
TecTpoe, Kakb CaMa H3Hb, UpasBo, OreMlyolee BEICOKAMD NO, beEMOM'S 
CaMOOTBEpReHIA H TepOHsMa, OTTHHEHHOG MPaYHHIMH IATHAMH WeAOBS- 
yecKOH KpPOBH H MydeHiff, BOSHHKAeCTS Nepelb HaMH, CIOBHO OkeaHt, 
KOTOPHH He paspbsand elle aspell uscrbyoBaTels, CIOBHO BanlOBbAWAA 
alla JBHRKYOLMXCA, PACTYMAXS H DepeNIeTAWMNXcHh YeIOBByeCKAXS 
oTHOmeHi#. Haannb, Ha OCHOBaHid uxococKoH AexyROin, ykasars 
Ha STOTh CEPHTHH Takb MOATO OTH HAayRH MIPb H 3BaIb TYIa 
FpHCTa H MOAHTHKAa, HO—YBH, OCTaICH HeYCANMAaHHHMb. WM TOKO 
yepesb DATBICCATH IFSYh COBpeMCHHHH yaeHbit Aep3sHyib OTOPOCHTD 
NPHEPHBaOMyno oOmecTBeHHOe NpaBo saBBCy H CO BCBMS alllaparoMh 
HHHBIIBATO SHAHIA NOKA8AI'b HAM’ BOOUIW CORPHTHA OTh Hach yAeca. 

Jas usyyenia Tok Hopok oOzacTH UpaBOBHIX® sBAeHif#f H HOBOK 
IpHpoOAW Uupasa Bb BHCMe CTeMeHH BARHHMb ABIAETCH BLACCHH- 
Kaui pasiH4HHIXS ero BULOBS. Mi npexyze Bcero, KOHEYHO, HeEOOxXo HMO 
yCcTaHOBATL pasinuie MexLyY ThMb, ITO yRe cefiuach UpelcTraBldetTca 
KaKb IBIOCTHHH H 8AKOHYCHHHH KOHTIOMepaTS Takb Has. 8akOHHaro 
H O6HuHAarO MpaBa. CrbjopaTeibHo, HeoOxXOUMO paslpaHHIHTd TO, ITO 
ceiwach CUdTaeTCH APaBOM’, OTB TOTO, YTO AO CHXb DOPd OTHOCHAOCh 
KB HpaBCcTBeHHOCTH, OOHYaSMb, HpaBaMb Hu T. 0. Y HKuanna Mu 
BCTpbiaeMb OMIT EALACCHPHRALIN, MOACKasaHHoH eMYy ero DcHxOJ0- 
rie upaBa. OTO pasrbienie 1paBa Ha «J'bACTBUTeIBHOG*, IOCKOIBEY OHO 
WhHCTBATeCADHO UPUMBHACTCA A «MBICIHMOC>, HOCKOABKY OHO He OCyUIe- 
cTBisetca Ha bb. Upaso whautca jarbe Ha «N08aTHBHOe», N0- 
CKOIBEY OHO UPHBATO TOCyAapcTBeHHOW HAH KakoH-1n60 nHOH Bricme# 
BIAacTbhD, H Ha «He NOSHTHBHOE», He NOAORATEIBHOS, KOTOPOS IpH3HaeTCA 
BIacTbH MeCHBIJHHCTBA, OTABISHHXD IHN AIH COOOMIeCTBB, a TakRe 
He@elepApoBpakHyMu, CAbAOBATeAbHO, HeSABHCHMHIMA TOCYapcTBaMH. 
Hsp nopbimaxt nucatexe HBCKOABKO DOAXOAATS KB STO KIAccHpE- 
Kamin P. [lrammazepp. KRakb w3BBcTHO, OH AbAUTS OOMACTH coniatb- 
HOH HOPMHPOBEH Ha& Ba ENACCa: OAH OTAIMYAeTCA ThM, ITO eFO 
WpabAla ABIAWTCH <CaMOJepRaABHHMb, HEPYMIBMEIMB HOPMAPOBAHieMt 
COMaILbHOH KH3HA AWAeH», UPHYeM OHO «<mMeAaeTh CTOATH HA’d N0I- 
GHHEHHEIMH eMY JiOJbMM Oesb Kakoro OH To HH ObIIO0 Xb Corsacia». 
OTO— Hpaso. pyryh kaTeropi OpeAcTaBIAWTS C060 TAB Ha8HBaeMblA 
YCHOBHHA HIH KOHBCHUOHAIbHHA MpaBula, KOTOPHA WbucTBYWTS cpesn 
OOMIECTBA IHMb MOCTOIbEKY, NOCKOIBKY OHH UPHHAMAIOTCS BIH JOOpo- 
BOIGHO UpHsHawWTca cooOINWAawMleW uUxb cpexoH. Kakb Mpawo, Tarb 4 
KOHBCHIIOHAIbHHA WpaBAla, MOFYTb BL OAWHARKOBOK CTeMeHH COMepRaTh 
lipaBa H YCTaHaBAHBaTb oO6ssaHHgocTH. HakoHnelb, JOMOAHHCTA 9TO- 
WBOsAKOe WhreHie T. H. «IpaBuAbHOe paso», KoToparo, omnako, UltTam- 
MiAepb 38 WpaBoO He MOUHTAeCTh, & CIMTAeTS AUMb OLpeASACHHHMD 
EpPHTepiemb Jia cymlexia Oo cooTBBIcTBIM TOTO HAM HHOFO HpaBa 
coliaabHoMy ugeary. [pa sce rymanHocta koncTpysuia Ultammazepa 








44 M PEHCHEP &. 


Heib8a He 8aMBTHTb, ITO MewAY efO UpaBOMb MM KOHBeEHTIOHAILHHMH 
NpaBisjaMH CEPHIBaeTCA OTAateHHOe WOAOOie NO3SHTABHATO H He D0S8H- 
THBHarO nmpaBa Hanna. OcobeHHo MORHO HabAWAAaTh TAakOe CXOACTBO 
Ha Upoleccbh mpespallenia yC1OBHHX> IpaBuAd Bb NpaBo A HacdopoTs. 
Colepmanist cBoOero KOHBEHTiOHAALHHA IpaBula pH sTOM'S He MBHAWTS, 
OHH CTAHOBATCA TOALKO «CaMOJePRABHHIMH» H «HEPYIHMHIMH». ITO I10- 
cibiwee O6cTOATeABCTBO, KOHCUHO, HACKOABKO He MBbIMaeTh AMD, OXHAKO, 
cO6AWAATECA 10 BOXB NOAWHEHHHXD AH HapyMaTbes BE cAyyab Hayzo6- 
HOCTH... *) 

ipapatbHomy opasy Iilrammaepa cyajeno 6H20 uMbTs Gombmo# 
ycubx, H 9TO OObACHAETCA ThMD OOCTOATEABCTBOMD, ITO HeOKABTIABITH 
CTalH HCKaTb Bb CCTECTBEHHOMS Upasb, Kakb BAeatbHOMh paws 
<6yAyMaro», HOBYW KaTeropi, KOTOPad AOAKHA OHAA ABUTHCA OLAOTOMSB 
IPOTHBb AypHOrO MH HeMOCTATOUHAO NOAORHTeABHATO pasa. Taku 
oOpasomb paso 6yAymaro ONAO0 UpOTHBOMOCTaBIesO UpaBy Ha- 
CTOAMAarO, & JAA TOTO, YTOOL! XOTb ABCKOABKO ONpaBlalb HABMeCHOBA- 
Hie upaBa JIA 9oTHXb Rerxanili A arkanifi Oyzymaro, mpABepRennH 
ecTecTBeHHarO pasa nonpoboBaad cAbAaTh ero dopMof cb BBIHO 
MBHAIOMUMCA COlepmkaniemb. ITO—cBOerO pola WpeaBapHTesbHHH pe- 
SeCpByapb, Bb KOTOPHH BBIHO BAHBAWTCA HOBHA MOTpeOwOCTH 2MH3HH 
H, NepemBmaBmMAch BB KOTAB «eCTecTBeHHArO lpaBba>, BHAXBAaWTcsA 
OTTYa Bb HacToamlee, NOSHTHBHOG mpaso. Hakb ogeBHaHO, dopa 
STOTO OpaBa HUCKOABKO He COOTBSICTBYeTh Op DOAOKHTeCAbHATO 
HAH Kakoro-1460 HHOTO DpaBa. O6mluMD 7419 OObAXS KaTeropii saBaAseTCH 
TOIbKO COJepmanie, KOTOPOe CTAaHOBUTCA MpaBOBHMB WpesuHcaviems 
JHIb CO BpeMeHH xBOCcnpiaTia ero oOnUaeMD HAH 3akOHOMSB. Kags 
cUpabelIuBO 3aMbqIaeTh 10 NOBOAY NOAOOHHIXb sakawueHift Krams, 
«<SKHUaAXS XV AWMAar0, TAKS KE KAKS HW AYIMANO MACTepa OLWHAKOBO ABIAETCH 
SKHIAKeMb, HCKYCCTBEHHOG yAOOpenie Takb He KAKb HABOSE—yYAOOpe- 
Hiemb. VW TOO Take BHCOKOMYApad MOZOXb CcosmaTcKOH KackH 6y- 
AeTbh—camoe O01bulee — MOJeTHPOBAHHOH KackOH; ITO Ke KacaeTca 
IpaBoBHXb olperbsieni#f, TO sy'bcb BcaRii Aypakb, KOTOPOMY HPaBHTca 
erO KOMUAKb, YTBePRAAeTh, ITO BC KOAMAKH ApyroH mMaTepi# H Apy- 
Toro Nokpoa BooOme He KOANakH». VM ecan TOTb-Re THCaTeAB 0 
NOBOAY COBpeMCHHHIXS OMY UPHBePpReHTeBh ecTeCTBeHHArO pasa ro- 
BOPHTb, 4TO Y HHXB «BoOOpamaemoe aAyamee paso OAHO TOABEO 
HashIBaeTCa paBOM’b H BCHKOMY APYTOMY OTKASHBaeTCH Bb STOMS 
SHAaGeHIn», TO OFeHb MBTKO s3ambuaers Ilerpamuunifi 10 nOBOAy 
HHABMAAXD UpelcraBaTedtefi <oBONOMIOHHATO ECTECTBeEHHArO UpaBa>, 
4TO OHH H300pbau UAeaIbHYW KAaccHukanib, soTOpad BB SOONOTIF 
MOrIa OW AATh 1apadlelb Bb BAAS pasybreHia coOakb Ha ABA OCHOB- 


*) L. Knapp. s. wg. c, 102—108. R. Stammler, Wirtschaft und Recht, ! 
Auflage, ctp. 105, 106, 125—127, 131, 135, 491. Ero-xe, Wesen des Rechtes 
und der Rechtswissenschaft (Systematische Rechswisseschaft) crp. 22 o 7anbme. 





COBPEMEBHAS WPHCOPYAEANIA. 45 


HHXB Elacca: BO 1-xs, coGakb HaCTOAMUXB, H BO 2-xXb, Ha cOOaRB 
<OVLYMHXb» HIH «AeaIbHNXB»... *). 

Abaenie Tlerpaxankaro sHayHTeibaO COBNanaeTh ch whaeniews 
Kuanna. TWoxo6se nocrbanemy oHb WANTS DpaBo Ha ABA BHAA: 
H& MOSHTHBHOe H HHTYATHBHOe (y Keanna <He ToO8aTHBHOe»); CBOE 
pasybaewie, omnako, Ilerpamunsifi o6ocHoBnsaers Oorbe ray6oKo, 
ubms Kaaurs. Ocnosof kraccudunanin sybcbh aBiseTCa pasanuie 
ThxXb UpescTaBsexitt—uATeIACRTYAIbHHXS 9ICMCHTOBh,—KOTOPHE CBA- 
BaHHI Cb CcaMOl0 NpaBoBo# omomiefi. Bh oTnxt Upescrapireniaxh OYeHb 
WacTO BCTPBiaWTca ykasania Ha OCOOHe MakTH, Cb KOTOPHIMH CBASBHI- 
BaeTCH HaIM4HOCTL NPHAHMaeNOH HaMH sanoBban. TakoBH CCHAKH Ha 
PasdHUHble ABTOPHTeTH, Ha TRA NpeANNcania HIM BeIbHIS, KOTOPLIA 
AKOOH UPHAaWTh CHAY TOMY HAH ApyroMy saKkony. Wopmyaza Taxoro 
pasa (o6mas, BUpOFeMS, H Id MOpasH) sTO—«TaKb HalwcaHo Bb 3a- 
ROHS», «TAKb MOBCIOCh OTS MIPeCMKOBh>, «TAakb MpeANHcawO Hayatb- 
CTBOMB», <TAKb CKa3aIa MAaTb HIH OTeIb», <TAaKb YYaTh WPHCTH» 
yu T. 0. [pyrad o6aactb Ipaba, HaobopoTh, He COMepRATL BE cebh 
HHEAKAXS CCHAOKS Ha BHBIUHIA «HOPMO-YCTAHOBATeAbBHHe PakTH», 3 
BHIBOJATS CBOH Bed'bHIA H8b BHYTPCHHATO CaMOCTOATeabHaro yObxRIe- 
Hid JHU@; 9TO Mpano, KaKb OYeRHHO, HBCKOILKO IpHOAWRaeTca Kd 
KOHBCHDIOHAIbHHMB WpaBpataMb [lTaMMazepa, OTHHYAACh OTb HX, 
OMHako, ThMb, ITO OHO CCTh BCErAa paso, T. @., Kab OUpeRBIACTS 
Tlerpaxunki#t, arrpa6yTupa0-aMnepaTHBHas HopmMa. Cpeqa HOpM’ n0- 
SHTHBHarO WpaBa, Bb CBOW OFepedb, BHA'biseTS [letTpamunkii npaBo 
O@unialbHoe HAH MpaAsHaHHoe TocyfapcTBoMb. Pa3auyie y ITlerpa- 
KHKarO Cb KeanioMb Bb TOMS, ITO Docrbswiff, MpoTaBonoraras 10- 
AOQKATCIBHOG HE MOMOMUTEABHOMY, UPHCOCAMHACTS Kb STOMY PasAH4iW 
lO HSBBCTHOH CTeMeCHH NPHBHAKH MBICIMMATO H AbicTBuTeAbHaro. Tak, 
IIO3HTHBHOG OKasHIBaeTcCA Sorbie wacTho BMBCTS uw AbicrBuTerb- 
.HHIMb, He 103HTHBHOC-R€—TJaBHHMb OOpPasoM'’b, TOABKO MBICAUMEIMD. 
Heabsa He OTAATb BI'bCb UpeumymectBa A’brenito Wlerpamaugaro **), 

Kaaccupakania Ierpaxungkaro OpocaeTb ye 8HadHTCIbAH CBLTb 
BBL TY HOBYW OO2ACTb, KOTOPad 3HAYMTCIBHO PaciupAeTh COBPeMeHHYW 
nayky. HZ pe Tot Macch npaBOBHXxh NepemuBaHift, KROTOPLIA BBIHO poR- 
JAWTCa BHOBb H YMAPAWTS, CiJeTawWTCA APY'b Cb APYTOMd, Mepexpemu- 
BalTcH H, HAKOHEIS, CAMBANTCA Bb MONEE NOTORH MACCOBLIX'b YYBCTBO- 
Banifi u NpescraBreHifi, Mil HAYHHAMD PasIAVaTb NOHEMHOCLY OTABABHLIC 
TAACTH KUBOK BOA, OOmMee ABHReHie H HanpaBlenie en TeveHifi 
H TOT YAHBHTCILHHH Oponecct, ROTOPHH MORAO OH HasBaTb CBOe- 
o6pasHok kpacTaiimsanieh mpaBoBo MaccH, H xKoTOpHH mper- 
CTaBIdeTh MHOTO BB BLICMeH cTeMeHH 8aMbiaTeAbHHXb yepTs. Lona 


*) R. Stammler, Wesen des Rechtes, crp. 87 u cuby., Hosropogness. 
HpascrseHHnf HueaxasMb BB GuNocodin upasa ([]po6memnl HyeanHema), 
cTp. 250 w cuba, L. Kpapp, B. 8. ¢c., cTp. 205, Iletpamankif, Teepia mpasa. 
T. H, erp. 472—473. 

**) Tletpaxuuorif, Teopia upasa, tT. I, erp. 72, 78, L. Knapp, B. #. c. erp. 203. 


\ 


46 M. PEHCHEP DS. 


elle MEI HE CUpanlipaeM,b NogeMy, MHI HaOswWAaeM'd, ITO ECT, H yx 
Takoe HadawAeHie AaeTh HaMb KapTHHY MeAJeHHAaYO H NOCTOAHHArO 
saTBepAbHiA IpaBa, cryMlesia ero Rb TawWOH OTABADHHXD DOACKHATeIB- 
HHXb HHCTHTYTOBD, HAKOHEL'S, cBoeocOpasHoe AhitcTBie HXb Ha BBIHO 
6bOMjA BOAHH Hapoynaro UpaBoBoro TBopyecTBa. Mazo Toro, MH 
MOM€MB UpocibjwTh TB OcOOMA STOXH Bb PasBHTiH HaporHOH AASHE, 
KOI.a MHpHLH IIponecch HapocTakHia KPHCTali0Bb H He Mpekpanlap- 
Marocd# UpaBoBOro UpAHIHBAa BPeMCHHO ycTyNaeTb MBCTO TposHOl Ka- 
TacTpopB co BCbMH ea Nocibsctsiama... O, Bb TAKHXS C1yWaHXh MOpe 
HapoyHaro rHbBa, MOP6 HHETYHTHBHATO UpaBa HAYBMB He YCTYMaeTS 
6ynlyiomesy okeany. TemnbeTb H EPBUHCTS OMONIiA NpaBesHaro THB, 
CH1IbHbe M CTpamaA'be CTaHOBATCA yAaphl Kapawmei npasosoll coss- 
CTH, H BcenoObjBHH cMepyb HOBaro UpaBa ApoOaTs NpPOrwABMiA ChAEH 
cTaparv MOps{Ka... CMG MOMCHTS... HK BOTB yiKb... 


Hxb MOryaH BOIBH 

Bee HacupoBepraH, yBIeK.Uu, 

H niameHan TpHOyHD opexpeks, BocTOpra NOABHA 
Mepepoxzenie semau... * 


ViutyuTaBeoe mpaso noObeyaerb, HOBOe MpaBoO EpBOHETb, KEDpk- 
CTAIIH3YeCTCA, CTAHOBHTCH MpaBOMb MOSHTHBHEIMS... «Ha BOIbHOCTE 
ONepwHch», OHO NpOBOsraAallaeTh «paBeHCTBO?... 

VWatyuTupioe UpaBo UMbeTh HAJUBHAYaIbobH, U3MBHIBBNH Xapag- 
Tepb, OHO OlpesbaseTca OCOOHMA YclOBidaMH WH3HH Kaxklaro 4eI10- 
BbKa, efO XapakTepoM’, BOCNATAaHieMD, CODiaIbHHMS NOAOKeHiews, 
mpodeccie#, 3HakOMCTBAaMH H T. 0. OOMHOCTA STHXB ycAoBifl HeOOxo- 
HMO BeleTh «EB HAINUHOCTH OorbMel HAH MeHbmMeH cTeNeHH Coraa- 
cid HXb HHTYHTHBHATO UpaBa. Takb pomfaeTca mpaBo AaHAOH CeMBE, 
Epyxka, Rpyra oOmlectBa, Klacca u T. 0. HM no wbpb Toro kakb HHTY- 
MTHBHOC MpaBO B8axBaTHBaeTb BCe 6o17be Hu Gombe WHupoRie EPyrH, OO 
CTaHOBHTCa Oorbe CHIbHHMD H TOCHOACTBYWMUHMb Bb FaHHoO cpexs; 
BYBCTB CB ThMb 9TO UpaBoO—ru6Ko0e H pasHoodpasHoe; ero pbutenis 
CBOOOTHO cooOpasyHOTCA Cb KOHEPCTHHMH HHIBBHAYaIbHHMH OOcTOS- 
TCIbCTBAMH, CAy4ad, WanHO koMOMHanin». OHO BO HMA POPMET HE Ha- 
cHlyeTb (akTa, UpO Hero HeIbsA CKazaTb suUMMUM jus—sumMmMa in- 
juria. Takme ra6k0 OHO H BB OOLACTH CBOeFO HCTOPHIeCKAarO PasBATIA, 
OHO PasBUBaeTCA «3aKOHOMBPHO, MOCTeMeHHO, He MosBepxeHO (HECE- 
pOBaHifO H OKAMeHBHII0O», OHO «He BaBHCHTb OTS iber0 OH TO HH OHz0 
pou3B01a». BubcTB cb TBM OHO ABAReTCA UpaBow'’s OesmbpHo Gorke 
IWNPOEMMS, YSMb paso MOSHTHBHOG; OHO BAAcCTByeTh Besyb, xs 
TOAbKO €CTb UpaBOBad MHTYUUia, Kyqa He JOXOJHTS Berbuie NOAOKE- 
Te.1bHaro 3akoHa. OHO HE CBA8AHO Bb CBOCMb CYMeCTBOBAHIH CB Ha- 
IHIAOCThIO CHMBOJa, Ch MpHKkasaMH HAYAIBCTBAa, Cb ABTOPATETOMS 
SAKOHOMATeIA, Ch SaMOBBAbIO Oora, YOpTa WAH anHTeda; OHO CyILe- 
CTByeTh BHD UXb H He8aBHCHMO OTS HuX’d. I[Ipaso, He sHarwmee 
MOMeCHTa CBOeFO pomseHis, OHO NpescTaBsaeTca BBIBHM, He HYwAaw- 





COBPEMEHHAS WPHCOPYAERHIA. 47 


mcecd# Bb CHI'B 11d cBOero OHITIA, OHO KameTCA BAICIUUMS, AVXOBHEIMS; 
OTBBYaWMee KASHH H HAyMee BMBCTS Cb HEH Marh 3a MaroM’, OHO 
MO1yGaeTh OPeOIb PasyMHAaroO H eCTECTBEHHALO, HOPMaIbBAaro H HelO- 
rpbmumaro. Orcwga, rosopaTs Ilerpaxunkii «Bicmifi opeost, BEIC- 
mifi Par HHTYHTHBHO-0paBOBHIXb HOPM, 8HaYeHIG HXb, KAKb BHC- 
maro MacmiTa6a H KpuTepia 11a OMBHKH DO8HTHBAHXD HOPMS, JIA 0- 
pHuania uxXd Bb cAyyab HecOOTBBITCTBIA UX cokepmania> uw T. J. 
HeyXuBuTerbHo Tellepb, ITO MmpaBoRad SMO chocobHa HMeHHO sI'bcb 
KB Beduyalitemy MOMbeMY, 4TO 3Xbcb pomfaeTca TOTS wcTuHfi sATy- 
31a3Mb, TOTS Upasoso ankaTusmt, KOTOpHH Tpe6yeTb He MHAOCTH, a 
11paBa, BO HMA lpaba HAeTb Ha TepoHyeckia ePTBH, Cb COsHAHieMS 
BoenoObaxraiwmeh UpaBbl CBASHIBaeTh Hale Ha OKOHWATeCABEHE 
yembxp *). 

«He tpyqHo yObyuTBca», ropopuTh Llerpamxungili, «aro daxtTu- 
YZeCKH HATYHTHBHOG NpaBo Hrpaerb BecbMa OOIbMYNW H CyMeCTBeHHYW 
poab BB Kavectas akTopa BHAABULYaIbHAarO DOBeAeHIA H MACCOBHIXS, 
COWialbHHIXh, SKOHOMHICCKHXS H BHBXD sABAeCHIH; Bb OOMAPHHXD 
oOnacTaxb couiatbHok ma8HH, OHO urpaeTS Oombe BAaRHYW H CyIIe- 
CTBCHHYW pOib, VSM NO8HTHBHOG paso». Jlaxe Ooxrbe Toro, «paxtTuye- 
CKOW OCHOBOW comialbHaro «UpaBolopayka>» 4 AbHCTBATeCAHHIMS pul- 
"WarOMb COOTBBTCTBCHHOH COMiaIbHO UpaBOBOH MUSHH ABAACTCA BD Cy- 
MecTBB 1512 He NO3HTHBHOe, a HATYHTHBHOe Upapo» **). 

Iipexxze ubmb DepeliTta KB OTHOMEHIN HMHTYATHBHALO MpaBa Kb 10- 
AJOMHTCIDHOH HOPMHPOBES ConiarbHol wRkaBHH, HEOOXOABMO OCTAHOBATLCA 
Ha TBXD <TeHJeHiaxb» H Ha TOM BAinHin Ha OOMeCTBEHHYW cpexy, 
ROTOPHa OOHapyRuBAeTS Camu UCHXOIOrMVeCRi#t aNNAapaTS APABOBIX 
nepexuBaHifi. WM sybcb mpeatyge BCerO MEI 3aMbaaeMb, 4TO Bb OCHOBS 
1paBa JeKATh TeHJeHMiA AOCTHTHYTH CBOeFO OCYIMECTBACHIA HesaBH- 
CHMO OTb elaHid WIH Hemesadia oOa8aHHaro. «3a OOA3aHHHIME He 
TIPH3HAeTCA CBOOOAH YCMOTPBHia HCHOAHATA HAM He HCHOJHATH»; Tpe- 
6ylomek cropoHb, BO ITO OH TO HA CTA10, JOMRHO OHITH JOCTABICHO 
FO, 4TO eH MpudHTaeTca, ecIH we STOFO HBTS, «TO oTO UpelcTaBlserTca 
HETCPIEMHMD H HOAOMYCTHMBIMD MpoOwsBOIOMb». Ipasy Boobme, He 
HCKI0%8S HHTYHTHBHALO, NPHHALICHHTE TOTB «caMOepKaBHbi» xa- 
paktept, koTOpHi O15 oTMbuert [lTammaepoms OTHOCHTeIbHO IpaBa 
BB OTARUE OT KOHBCHTIOHAILHHXB HOPMb, HO, KAKS MEI BUAHM'S, STO 
«<CaMofepmanie> ecThb He IPH8Hakb IpaBa KAR TAKOBOrO, HO TOIbEO 
TICHXOAOFHVeCKad TeHIeCHIis, Jekallad Bb OCHOBB MpaBocosHanme# 
HCHXxaRK. OTCHAa BHTeKACTL POAb H UpHAyReHif H CaMOyNpaBCTBa 
TaM®, TXB 0paBo BCTpbiaeTca Cb UpOusBOOME ***). 

Bs oTinuvie mpaBa OT MOpatn, ToBOpHTh Kwalnb, <pasb TOIbKO 
KTO-HHOyIS BL PopmMb upapoupassania TpeOyerb, XOTS Ob ABMS WBH- 





*) Tlerpaxankia, Teopia upasa. T. II, erp. 475—483. 
**) Tlerpamnukiit, B. Ho. c. T. If, erp. 482, 483. 
«x**) A. Merpaxunkifi, Teopia mpapa, T. I, erp. 157—162. 





48 M PERECHEP 5. 


HOCTH JOMaHaro rpolla, TO sTO Tpe6oBaHie—uHaye OHO OH He OnLEO 
paBOBHIMb—CYDICCTBEHHO CBASHBaeTCA CB OOpamleHiemb Kb OOBEKTHB- 
HOH cub, ROTOPad MOET BHTCKATh H3b BAACTH CYAbH HAH H3b CaMO- 
yupascrBa cTopoH’». Ipaso TrakaMt o6pasomb—<6yAeTb 1H OHO E'BMI- 
HHOyYAB OCHapHBaeMO HAH He DomBepraerca copy, paspbmaetca IH 
BOUpPOCh O HeEMb HORAMA UpH DoToMAeHin Kopabas, weTh AH O HEM 
WBXIO CpeAH YIMIBHXD GOoeBb peBorIWnin, HAW Bb MepHieTixxh BCeMIp- 
HoH BoHHH, paspbmaetTca 1H CHOPh, HakOHeIrb, BB COCbACKOH OecbrB, 
TpeTeHcKOMS pasOupaTeibcTBS HAA Bb CyeOHOMb R8aXB—OHO BCT 
COAePHATE BMBCTB CO CBOHMD ONTICNS IPHSHBD Kb OOBCETHBHOH curt, 
ROTOpad JoNmHAa OOesMeIWTh HOCHTeIH pasa BAbMHee HAB, HHAaye, 
MYCKYAbHO-Hepexozsmee UpasHanie» *). 

Ilpaponsof sMonin cBOHCTBeHHH, OfHAKO, eme Oorbe rposHHiA TeH- 
Ke€HUIH; HeHC 10AHeHIe OOABaTeIBCTBA CO CTOPOHH OOaA8aHHaro COsHaeTCa 
Apyro# croponot# BB kayecTBh NoOMATeIbHOTO ymepba, MocaraTexs- 
CTBa, OOHAL, IPHIHHAeMATO YelOBbEY sza. WM nogo6Hoe cosnauie xbii- 
CTBYeTH IPOSBHYAhHO pb3kO H CHAbHO Ha DpaBowoe yyBeTBO. Heo6xo- 
AMMO ABIACTCA HO TOIBKO AHIAHIH MpoTecTb, HO H WAPOKOG sSapame- 
Hie THBBOMB H HeYfoxoBaHiemb 8a NONpPaHHOe MpaBso OKPyRaAN MAXIE 
O6uReHHATO YeIOBSEA, H MHI BHIMM'S KAapTHHY KOAAORTABHALTO B3PHBS 
MCCTH H H@HABHCTH, KOTOPHA HalpaBseHH MpPOTHBS lpecTyMHHEOBA, 
Hapymutere# npaza. Ha sTo nmoawBb pasBABawWTCaA He TOIBKO <«pss- 
Kid POPMHI MeCTH, CaMOCYJa HM pacipaBH, HO H Table @akTH <kakh 
cyxp Ji#H4a», pactpaBa Cb ROHOKpazaMH HT. U.». [pasobad ICcHxuba 
HE @€CTb ABICHIG MHPa H JNOBH, RAAOCTH H CHACXORACHIA, BE ea 
HbApaxt pomsaeTca rposHaa Hemesuza, w kakb ON TO,Gacb He OIE 
OescMHICICHHH] JHKIA KaSHH, H EARL Ob HH MpefCTaBAAAHCE Of- 
BPATHTCABHLIMA THILOTHHH PCROAWUIA H PasrpOMAl KRYIBTYPHHX'S rHb3Ts 
H -IlCHTPOBb, YBH, 9TO HensObxHHH pesyabTaTh OCKOpOAeHHAarO Hapos- 
Haro 4yBCTBa, CcTHXiff#ad MeCTh 8a NoNpapHoe npaso **). 

IlpapoBad NCHXHEa ecTh UCcHxuka OopbOH HW ONacHHXh paspyniz- 
TCILBHHXS CTOIKHOBeHIH; eH CBOMCTBeEHHa TeHeHI Kb «HACHIbCTBEE- 
HOMY O6nBaHin» JOARHArO, KB THBBHOK penpeccin BB cayyab Hapy- 
menia. MW «ecanH OJHH UPHIHCHBAaWTS IPYrHMb UpaBOBHA OOs3aHHO- 
crH, & ce6B cOOTBBTCTBeHHHA Upapa, a 9TH Jpyrie He UpPAsHawtTS 
STHXS OOABAHHOCTeH-NpaBD... TO 8TO UpescraBiseTS O1aroupiaATHyD... 
NOUBY 4H BOSHAKHOBEHIA OMaCHHIXS CHOPOBb AH KOH@AHERTOBL, Owe- 
cToveHia, HacHaif, KpOBOmposHTi#, moqyach BsanMOHCTpeOzeHiA ES- 
IHXb Tpyunt moje». Takb, Bb UpaBB KpoeTca <ONacHoOe B3PHBYW- 
TOG BeICCTBO... H H€ YIHBUTeCIBHO NOCKIB eTOTO, ITO, Bb MPOTHBONO- 
XOHHOCTD sTOH TeHAeHIiH Upaba, Bb HEM PasBHBaelcaA <Ha WOasS 
COMAALHO-KYILTYpHaro UpHcoocobseHia» cTpemaAeHie Kb PasBHTIW <exXE- 
Haro ma6soHa HOpMb». Ha oto nowwb BHpocTaeTb TO TeyeHie Kb 


*) L. Knapp, B. 8. ¢., cTp. 218. 
**) JI. [lerpaxuokift, B. H. c. crp. 162, 168, 164. 








COBPEMEHHAS WPHCIPYREHDISA. 49 


NOSATHBANIA UpaBa, KOTOPOe MeAACTE MPHCBOHTh MOAOMATCIBHLIMD 
HOpMaMb MOHONOAIN Ha cOosxaHie UpaBa H NpaMO OTPALaeTh CyulecTBO 
Kakoro Ob TO HH OHIO UpaBa NOMHMO HX. llycTh Ayame uponageTh 
BCHEOG UpaBo, EpOMB NOSHTABHATO, AMMb Ob CKPHIIOCh WAOBUMe Upa- 
BOBOTO BOSMeBIIA, AHMb Ob HE PORALOCh HOBNX'b, BJACTHHIXS Upayo- 
NpaTa3saHili OTTYAa, H8b HaposHOH rayOunn! Ho vA Hapodaaa UcuxXuEa 
cama Bb OUpe(bIeHHHXS CAYYAAXD CTPCMHTCA KB YCTAHOBIEHIW Ta- 
Koro maOazona, OH& cClacaeTh ceOa OTb THINHAXD NOTpacenili, ona 
YcTaHaBIABaeTh KOMIUPOMHCCh TaMb, Ib Biepa elle sby4asH MeqH, 
OH@ NOABByeTCH AIA STOO HM YACTHHMS COOPHHKOME Mpaba vu opMok 
CTapHHHaro OOb1Gad H BBpeTeHieM’ yroqwaro H pasyMHaro cysbU. Takb 
BOSHHKAWTB XapTif H CBOJE UpaBa Bb MOMCHTH YcHORkOeHia nocah 
Nepezoma» *), 

Ch oObequHeHiemt—yHuduranieh—mupasa TBCHO CBS88HH H Jpy- 
Tid TCHXCHDIM, KOTOPHA HalpaBseHbI Kb YCTAHOBIeHIW TOWHOH onperb- 
HeHHOCTH COdepmKania H OObeMa DpaBOBHXs UpesctaBlenili u nonarili. 
Bs sToMb cayiab, Kak MBTKO BaMbIaeTE Huannt, Bb BAY HeOOxo- 
AAMMOCTH CBeJeHiA ABYXb CTUPOHS KB OMHOMY OYHETY WOameHd ONT 
Cb JBYXb KOHNOBS NOCTpOeHb CBOeFO polka TYHHEIb, KOTOPNH UpH 
BCTYBYB JOMUKCHS AATb OOSCKTHBHO YCTAHOBIeHHYW TOIKY coeluHeHis 
BYXD UPOTHBHAIXS CTOpOHh. OTcWsa BelHWaMad BaKHOCTh WPHIU- 
ueckoH TOUHOCTH, cOCTaBIawmeH oco6ywm 3agaxy wpacnpyzennia. Ks 
STOMY UPHCOCAHHAeTCA CTpeMAeHic Mpaba Kb JOcTHReHIW He MeHbMeH 
TOUHOCTH Bb YcTaHOBIeHiH H AOKABATEABCTBB TSX WIM [PYTAXd Bax- 
HHXDd 11d pbmenia chopa PakToBb. ITO He, Bb CBO OFVepesb, DOpo- 
HlAeTh Takh HashBaeMbi POpMalH3Mb UpaBa, KOTOpHH TBM BHIMe, 
«<4bMb HH KYALTYpA JaHHArO Hapota», «YbMB pbsye  KpOBOMpOAHT- 
He COOTBBICTBeHHHe KOH@AMETH, YSMb OO1bMe sfoucTHaHoOl He- 
YCTYOIBBOCTH, HelpaBsaBocTH uw poy». HWocrbanei cragie yHuda- 
Kalli HIH OObeqHHeCHIA BL UpaBb abiseTca oOOpamenie Kb TpeTb- 
EMY HesavBTepecoBaHHOMY Huy cb Upoch6ofi o pasbopb a pB- 
weHin gba. Takuxt cyfeli MOxHO BCTPBIHTh OY MHOTO, HaqHHad 
CB cyza (bref u KOHYaA CYJOMB TocyAapcTBeHHHMS. I puanAns BcbxB 
STHXS CYIOBb COBEPMeCHHO OMHHAKOBD **), 

Cuoero 3aBepmeHia madz0HHoe H opMadbHOe UpaBo, BMBCTB Cb 
TbMb UpaBo TOUHOe H OYRBaIbHOe, cHOcoOHOe OoubWe BCAKATO HHO 
Kb cyze6uok samuTb—OcTATaeTh KaKb pasb Bb OOANCTH He HETY- 
HTHBHATO, & DOSHTHBHAO HAH TOAOMHTebHATO pasa. Bb CBOAXS 
PA3AHIBHXL BALAXS HW PAasHOBHAHOCTAXS OHO OTAHGAETCA Ipexye Bcero 
TBMb, ITO HE BB YWIOBbKS, He BHYTPH CFO, & ABBH'B, CO CTOPOHH 
HMeTh OHO HMIYIbCa Jaa cBoek omoniOHaIbHOH ocHOBH. bespasin4Ho, 
KTO ABIAeCTCH OTHMD BHBIIHAME ABTOPATeCTOMb HIH—KAKL TOBOPATS 
WOPHCTHI—LCTOUIHKOMD paBa. Ho HMeHHO BB MNOUCTCNeHHOMD TOAGH- 


———— 


*) Tamb xe, crp. 165—169, Knapp, B. H. c. crp. 219—224. 
**) Tlerpamanxia, t. I, erp. 169—177. Cpapa. Knapp. crp. 225 w cabq. 
Pespans. Oraban Il. 4 


50) M PEHCHEP bS. 


HeHiH HapowHOH UCHXAKH MMMepaTHBHOMY UpexcTaBleHiW AaHHaro 
QBTOPHTeTA JCKHTL CTO CYUIHOCT, H SBABCh, KOHCYHO HeAbSA TOBOPHTS 
O NOIHOMS MPOTHBONOJOREHIA MeHIY HATYHTHBEHMD NPAaBOM' H Wpa- 
BOMB NOJORHTCIBHHMS. Bb NOCABAHEME TAKRe OCHOBY NOBHHOBEHIZ 
HafO HCKaTb Bb NOAWHCHIA He 88 CTpPaxh, a 88 COBBCTD; NOAWHeHIE 
8TO HeCMOTPS Ha joaTi Mpomecct, KOTOPHMB OHO BpadaTH- 
BaeTCd, He MxCTh Aarbe onpeNxbACHHHNXh [panHb, YCTAaHOBICHHHXS 
IpaBpoMb HHTYHTHBHHMS. HM TO cBepxeHie aBTOPHTeTOBb, 3aM'bHa OX- 
HHXS APYrHMH H TepeTacoBka SakOHOJaTereH#, Ha KOTOPyH Yae yka- 
garb Menrept, ynomHHaetca [letpaxaikuMt Bb RayecTBb ofHOH HSB 
IPHIHHS NeycTOHYABOCTH MOB8HTHBHATO mpaBa. He ropopaMhb yae 0 
TOME, TO «<HesaMBTHOe H OCTeMeHHOe paspymuteabHoe bicTsBie 
OKaSHBaeTh Bb STO O61ACTH HHTVHTHBHOe paso» *). 

OqHakO, HEAL8SA Ipe3MBbpHO YMAAATH SHAYeHIe NOSHTHBHATO pasa; 
UPOABIAACh Bb PasIHIBHIXh opMaxb, OHO WhficTByeTh TBM Cypo- 
Bbe a rpyObe, ThMb HHKe KYABTYPHHH ypoBeHb OOmlecTRa, TbMS 
6oibme AHROH BOTH H EylayHaro caMoyopascTBa. WM yme nepBas fro- 
CHOACTBYHMad BL HCTOpin MopMa MpaBa, OCHOBaHHaNd Ha OOHaS, 00- 
KaSbIBaeTh HaM'b Be€b CMHCIb MOSHTHBAalIA, OOpamenHOH Rabb past 
IpOTHBb BHATYHTHBHATO mpocTopa. Ulabszonb oOsraHaro UpaBa OTIH- 
qaerca XapakTepoM>b MeLOTHOH perszaMeHTanin, oHOOOpasieMb CBOHXS 
(OPMYAB, «KOCHOCTLH H HEDOIBURHOCTLD», CTpeMAecHieMt Ccoo6pas0- 
BaTbcA «Cb YCIOBIAMA HE HACTOAMAaro, a MpomaAaro, MOTWaCh BecbMa 
OTAaLeHHaro Mpomsaro». O6sqHoMy opaBy cBoficTBeHHa TeHJeHnIs 
«<COXPaHATh HCHSMBHHO NOMAeKAMYH PYTHHY H CTapHHy». <9TO Hau- 
Gombe KOCHHH H KOHCepBaTHBHHH BHIb pasa», H 8TO Bb OCOOeRHO- 
CTH HAO OTMBTHTh TaMb, Tb OHO OCHOBEIBACTCA HA CTAapOMb Wpexa- 
HiH, & He Ha OOmenpHHATON?S OOnIIab. WM ecan nocrbygemy cRolicTBeasa 
HeHSuBHHad PYTHHA, TO MepBoe ecTb «0 1pApoRb cBoek... IpaBo, caMo- 
Tpsmee He Blepexb, a Hasarb». Ono cooOpasyetca He Cb TBM, ITO 
MORCTE OHTE Bb OYAYMEMD... 2 Ch TAME, ITO OHAO panbme». Orcwpm 
MHorie OObIYaH COXpaHANTCH axe ocr Tero, Kak ACIeBAO HX> 
coqepmanie, &2 CMEICID HXb 3aTepsics. XapakTepHo, ITO KAaRb pass 
OOHUHOe 1paBo ABHIOCh Bb HCTOPIA Bb KayecTBS oOpyjid «<pasBarig & 
NOMepKania COUuiaiIbHO-0paBOBOrO ..HepaBeHCTBA, KACTOBHIXb H COCAOB- | 
HHXb pHButerifi, pab6cTrBa Hu EpblocTHOrTO paBa, OesnpaBias wex- | 
IHHB» HT. NI. Tash, «Ha noah MesJeHHaro, HesaMbTHaro H He4yB- 
CTBHTCIbHaro Ipomecca... HOLYYaWTCA, HANPUMbpd, Takie pesyAbTaTH, 
RaRb EACTOBOG mpaBo, HusBefeHie Gorke crabHxb Ha WOlOmeHIe a- 
pieBh BL OyYKBaIbHOMb CMBICIb, pahosb, EPBNOCTHHXb» HT. un. CB 
Apyro# cTOPOHH, KOHCepBaTHSMb OOHGHAaTO UpaBa, CHaa BHEpPIin, Tpa- 
qunit M CTapHan combiictByerh Dossepmaniw COOTBBTCTBeHAHIXS ¢cv- 
CIOBHHIXS H HAHXB IIpHBnserif AH WpelpascyAKOBb HT. J., H MOa- 
TaCb HACTOAbKO YNOPHO s8ajepxuBaerh couiatbHo HeoOXOAHMOe Pa3zBE- 


*) Tlerpa:kagkif, Teopia opasa, rt. II, erp. 514 w caba. 





CUBPEMEHHA WPHCUPYABAUIS. Sk 


‘Tie 6oxbe paBHaro HX cBO6OAHAarO IIpaBa, Bb YACTHOCTH NOMasaeTb BB 
TaRYIO KOLIHSiN Cb HMBIONEMS IPHHOHNiadbAO HHOe COmepRanie HH- 
TYHTHBHHMS UpPaBoM'’b, ITO ABAO NOXOAUTS AO COUiAALHNXS KATALINSMDS 
Hin, BB cayqab Oescuaiad ocBoOo,uTbca OTB ycTapbBilaro H Heros- 
Haro fpaBa, AO pastowkeHia comiatbHaro OpraHHsMa, JeMOoparasanin 
BHCIMHXb RlaccOBb» H T. A. MW gage pasb oOn4HOe paso, Nomep- 
RHBAWMee YKASAHHHE HHCTHTYTH, MWOAByeTCA BeAAKUME DpPecTuKeMS 
H OpeOIOMb, BCAKVe He «HOBUIECTBO, BHAyMHBanie HOBaro cuOcTBeH- 
HHMb YMOMb BMBCTO COOMIOMeCHIA CBAN[CHHHXD Tpalauii cuuTaetca 
B10Mb NOCTHIHHMB» *). 

O6nuH0e UpaBO MpercTaBiseTS co6ok Han6omrbe cypoBsyw dopmy 
wpasosok no3snTuBaniv. Borbe rHOkaMb XapakTepOMd WH CpaBHATeIbHO 
Ooupmeh mupoToH oTaM4aeTcaA Ta dopMa MpaBa, KOTOPAA CCchlJaeTca, 
KaKb Ha ABTOPATeTS, Ha NpakTHky cyxeOHHXb pholewiii, oa uspeyeniaz 
MYAPeCHOB H MHOHYECKHXS sakOHOaTeteH, HakOHeIb, Ha YACcTHbIe 
COOPHHKH Pa3HHX} 8aKOHOBb HA UpaBb, COOpaHHNXb aHOHHMALIMD 
TPy0OMb OesBBCTHHIXD aBTOPOBS. ITO «WARDiatbHOe» AH «KHARHOe» 
paBo, UpaBO CBAMCHHHIXDS uspereHifi, UpaMBpOBb ABIAETCH, pasBH- 
BaeTcd, UpOUBbraeTh H UrpaeTb TlaBHYW... pOlb Bb MpaBoBsoll RH3HH 
OGOHIKHOBEHHO Bb TB S0XH, KOra OOH4HOG UpaBO, KAKB TakoBOoe, pas- 
pyMaetca HAM BOOOMe MepectaeTh AOCTABIATh Haposy Heobxol,uMnii, 
OlperbieHAbi... Ma6IOHb, H SaKOHOAATeIbCTBO HE AOCTHTAO elle Ta- 
KOTO pa3BHTif HM sHadeHis, ATOOM 38aM'bHUTb Bb STOMB OTHOMeHIU CB 
ycnubxomb oOnGHOe OpaBo» **), 

H Borb, HakOHeNt, MBI aerpbuaemca ¢1 Cb Bice PopMoH NO3HTHB- 
Haro pana, Cb TAKS HaShHBaCMHIMh S8aKOHOM. BalacHaeTcCa ocobve 
MIOHATIe B8akoBOsaTerA. BoxecTBeHHHH S8akOHONATeAb MOCT@IWeHHO CTa- 
HOBHTCH MIPCKHM', HO 9TO HHCKOXBEKO HE YM@JHeTb CFO HCKINYHTOAB- 
BHXDb opasb. Ip NOMOMIH HX «<OJHO JHDQO HAM BB8BBCTHAS rpyiia... 
MOXETE TO CBOCMY YCMOTPBHilO BHBHBaTh BS UCHXHEB... OOWHPHHXD 
HapoOlHHXb MACCh Takoe OpaBo Ha Oypzylee BpeMA, KakOe eMY HAH 
-eH npelctaBigetca cb kakoii-1u60 TOUWKH SpBHIA MelaTeIbHWMS, & 
PaBHO YCTPanATb, OTMBHATD CyMecTByONlee NpaBoO H MpOu3BOAUT 
pasHid Apyria usMbachia Bb uyRAoH NcHXHES M KaSHH». OTH UBMB- 
HeHis, Jalbe, «MOryTh ObITS NPOHSBOAUMH BHEBAIIHO, Cpasy Bb n36paH- 
Hoe 110 yCMOTpbHilO BpeMA». Takb BIACTh POAHHTCA Cb UpaBomM’b H 
CaMa@ CTAHOBHTCA Ipapocosnszawulel cuzo#; BlacTb upiodpbraerb xa- 
PakTepb CHMBO1a, Cb poKoBOH HeHsObRHOCTHDIO Tpe6yHMlaro NOBHHO- 
BeHia H WeIOBSICCTBO NPCKAOHACTCH, C1Ba SaCIHWMUTh Tpy6y raaniatag 
OOBABAAMMAaTO HOBBIE 3aKOHH... BoAkasd BIACTh CTAaHOBHTCA 3aKOHO- 
HATeleMb; XO3HHHb, OTC, MaTepb y ceOa foMa, padoBlaybaens Ha 
cBoei MianTalid, DOMBOLUKS, MpeANpHAnMaTedb-pabpukaHTD y ceba 
BE uMbaiv wo Ha PadpunKh, Wann, narpiapxu u coOopHi—Bb WepkKBH, 


*) Tlerpaxangkia, Tamb-xe, crp. 559 —565. 
**) Tamwb xe, cTp. 573, 574—578. 
4* 


52 M PEACHEPH. 


H, HAKOHELb, Wap, Nap.laMeHTH, CYBepeHHHA OOMAEH pecnyOisnkaH- 
CEAarO HAaposA—B'b TocyaapcTBs. <O6mkHOBeHHO, — roBopuTs Iletpaman- 
kif, Bb O6aacTH yNOpagzoeHHO A HOpMazbHOH NMpasoso muaau 3a- 
KOHH HCXOASTS OTS ANS HIM yapemaeniff, HalbacHHNXb (Bb ICH- 
XHEB Hajlexamaro OOnleCTBeHHarO KPyra) TAaKOW HAH BHOW BAacThw 
Hal’b APYraMy, OOMeO HAH CHeWiaIbHOW, comiaibHO caymeOHOW HIB 
TOCHOACKON, HH3IICM HAH BEICMeN HIH BepXUBHOW BiacThb». HW Bo 
BCBXD STHXDS CAYIAAXS WpaBoO CTAHOBHTCA MpaBOMb He NOTOMY, ITO 
TAKOBBIMb NPA3HaWTb efO NOABJACTHHIC, & AHIUL MOTOMY 4TO TAKb M0- 
BCAbBAeCTL UPHSHARHAA MMH BACT. Camoxepmasie pasa CTaHOBHTCs 
CAMOLepmaviemb 3akoHOLarTers... *). 

Vrakt, MH CHOBY CTOHMB Mepesb Tparejieh Upaso-Tsopamaro 
pouecca: cb OJHOH CTOPOHH, cBo60,HOe HHTYHTHBHOG paso, BBIEO 
BHOBb COSHAawWMlee CBOH KUBHA HWSMBHINBHA HOPML, Cb Apyro# — 
TBepj0-OpraHuSOBaHHad CHA& biacTH, CTaBMek NpaBoMB H TBOpAMes 
ero Bb BHA HenpesoRHaro, HEHSMBAHALO, AAA BCBXB OOasaTerbHaro 
gakoHa. Kakb MOMAPATb 3TY O6AACTS CBOOOAN H NOAYHACHIA, STH ABA, 
Kasaiocb Ob, APyrb Apyra OTpANAawmMAxn mpasa. WH ecan Bb coBpe- 
MeCHHOR KyIbTypHOolt KUSHA HayaloO 3aKOHa ABAKeTCA BcenOhbRaw- 
IQUMB UPHHHNOMb OUMECCrBeHHU AH3HH, TO K&Kb I!pHMAPHTb 00 
caMoH mpuporxb BosHHkawmi KORDINKTh MeHLY NOSHTHBANMB # 
HHTYHTHBALIM'L IpaBOMb, MCHAY 3aKOHOM' YTOCYAAPCTBeHHHIMS, Ode- 
TiaibHHMb H UpaBOBHIM yObayeniemb TOTO HAIH MHOTO OOABMIHHCTBA 
W.1H M@HBINHHCTBa, TOO AIM Apyroro w1acca H COCIOBIA HIH, HakO- 
Hem, WOUPOCTY «NOABIACTHEIXb», KOTOPhIc OesCHAbHO OTCTYWAaWTS 
Upeqb HAaTHCKOMb «SaKOHOMb» OPraHHs0BaHHHXb OWI. Mazo 
Toro, Ilerpamuoki HAayYHAb Hach pa3inaaTh 8akOHb JOMalAnift & 
OOMHHHHH, 3akOHS NPOMHMJesHaro npegnpiaTif Hw DepKBH, SAaKORS 
OOMHAL H MpOBHHOIN, ropoxa u rocyjapcrBa. IlpasoBad RxsHb He 
TOIbKO pacnhagzerca WepelJb HaWwH HA MHIJiIOHH HAIHBAAYaIbHHXb 
CO3HAHIM, OHA packaJbLipaeTcCH Ha 1Ba BpaweOHHXb Mipa—HHTYHTHB- 
Haro WH MO8HTHBHArO NpaBa, H8b KROTOPHXD Kaxin xuBeTh ocobon 
mu3Hbw. [lepBH NOKPHBaeTS ABSBHYTPH KamlyO comiaibHyW dopuy 
CBOUMb #HBLIMb, H3SMBHINBAIME DOKPOBOMD, BrOpo# OXBaTHBaerTsL ee 
H3BHB xecTKOH o6o704K0H NpHrOTOBAeHHOH HO NpOHBBOAY «3akOHOAa- 
Tela» (opMH. [paso BAacTHOe H OesBAACTHOe, UpaBO PasHHXb Sopp- 
DWxXca Meaay co6owm Baacte#, 1paBO WpHAHYeCKArO CHMBOAa, ABTOPE- 
TeTa H CBBTIarO AHAUBHAYaIbHArO CcOsHaHiA— BOTS TB CHIN, KOTOPHA 
CTpamaTh H8CABIOBATéIA CBOUMD HeEOMAAQ@HAHMB DOSBICHICME Ha 
HCTOpHyecKyW CHeHY. 

Tams, rob cpemgze Bce OnJ0 ACHO, THXO H cNOKOHHO, H MapHao 
OHO OcbuniambHoOe H OO6HGHOe OpaBo, Temepb CHATH BCB 3all0ph, 
OTKPHITH! BCB BXOJH 118 HOBHXB HeOHHJAHHHXS FToctrel. IWpacrs 
H COUIOIOrS BUAATS CeOA Mepey’b HOBLIMH 3a]a4aMH, KOTOPHXB OE 


— 








*) Herpaanuaxif. Teor opapa. T. Il, erp. 634 n caxba. 











COBPEMEGHAS JOPACHPYJEHIIS. my! 


He NOA03pbBasH H TBEPAHH NOpAIOKD Hayywnaro MosHaHia ,OIMeHD 
6HTb BHeECeH Bb OMMBMIe NON pykOW Halmlero yyeHaro pA. 
CupamusBactca, OfHako, kak xe Iicrpamunniti paspbmaers ocHoB- 
HY} 3afaqy, kKaRb CMHpHETB OyfHylO TONY HOBHXS comHbuili, 3a- 
IpocoBh, Kotedanili? 

OcTaHOBEMCa N0K& Ha TIJaBHOMS, OCHOBHOMS BOmpOch o6 OTHO- 
MeHiIH HETYHTHBHATO Npaka HW NOAOMUTeIbHarO. YMBCTHLIMD GOyleTB 
BaMBTHTb, 4TO Depspoe [letpaxuusii oTomecTBAgeTbh IWbIAKOM'S Cb 
Takb HashBaeMOH «COpaBeAIHBOCTbIO>». ifOsHOe COBMageHie 9THX'S 
ABYXb DOHATI OHS AOKABHBAeCTh HACTOABKO YOBAUTeABHO, YTO MEI IB- 
AHKOMB NPHCOC@AHHSeMCA Kb ero BOSsPbHiAMS, HavIb BONpOCh cIbA0- 
BaTeCAbHO MOMHO POPMYAAPOBATA elle TAK: Kakb OTHOCHTCA cipa- 
BeAIHBOCTh Kb WOJORATCIBHOMY pany? *). 

Ilpeaxye Bcero Hag0O, OAHAKO, OTM'BTHTE, 4TO Tlerpaxuneifi faleko 
HO CUMT4CTh HOOOXOAHMHIMB OTCYTCTBIG coraacid MeKAY «UpaByoli- 
CipaBeAAMBOCTLH» H MUSHTHBHAME UpaBoms. WM xoTa stots w3cibA0- 
BaTeibh CaMb YyTBepaesaeTh TO «PasHhlA YACTHHA pasHorsacia» 
<MeAY NOSHTHBHHMB A HATYHTHBHNMD UpaBomM'b» «10 UpHpoAs Be- 
mefi HensObKHH»>, OHS NOJaraeTb, OMHAKO, UTO Takme «HMbeTCa H 
Rv’xHO HeHSOBKAO UMBTBCH corsacie nO COJepkaHiW BL TlaBAHXh 
OCHOBaX, Bb OOMeMb A OCHOBHOMD HaupaBienia». M sto yrBepxse- 
Rie Hallh yIeHHH O6OCHOBHIBaCTS CABAYHUUME O6pasoMs: «paaBurTie 
OOOuXS IpaBhb, H HHTYHTHBHAFO, H NOSATABHALO, OUpesbAKeTCA Bb 06- 
IHXb H OCHOBHHXb YepTaxb AbACTBICMb OJHEXB MH TBXb xe CO- 
WialbHO-NCHXHYCCKHXD poweccoBh, AHHCTBYIOMIUXE 00 OHHMB H 
TLMb HO 8akOHaM, H IMUIb Bb CBA8H Cb... PasIHVAMH HHTOIICKTYaIb- 
Haro COCTABa... HOAYYANTCH YACTHYHO PASAHIAble Pe3syIbTaTH pasBu- 
Tif, PaSHHA WACTHHIA, 00 Sombie yacTH HECYNCCTBCHHHA, pasAudia 
No} =«coxepmani>. OHakO, HE OHHMb UCHXHYCCEHMS Dponeccoms 
OOBCAHHACTCA TO H Apyroe UpaBo: «HeHsOBRHOCTH COrdacif» Mey 
HMMH, 00 MH'bHI Lletpamulgaro, KOPeHHTCA H Bb TOMS, «4TO OLHO- 
BpeMeHHoOe CyuecTBOBaHie u WbicTBie H MHTYATHBHATO HW NOBHTHBHATO 
T1paba BOSMOMHO TOABKO UPH YCJOBin... corsacia Bb OOMAX UW OCHOB: 
HHIXb YepTaxb; pH Mepexoxb pasHoraacia 3a H38BBCTHLIe uper ban 
HeH3ObEHO KpyleHie DOsJemaMaTo NOsHTHBHATO UpaBa — BB cayyab 
COMpoTuBseHia Bb Popm'sb coniatbHoH pesomoniu» **). 

Bb oTHX HolomeHIAXD JatekO He BCE, UpesCcTAaBAAeTCA UpaBHIb- 
HHIMD. IIpemyxe BCerO BPAXS 1H MORHO COTAACHTHCA Cb TAakOH HAsKOK 
OWbHEOK Bb paslHYid «HHTeCAACKTYaAbHArO COCTaBa»; Jad UCHXHES 
cyObexTa fJaieko He Oespasin4HO, Kakid HMCHHO IPCACTaBIeHiA oMpe- 
WbAAWTD eC KD WhiicTBiw: UpescTaBAeHie HavaibCTBeHHarO Kylaka 
HIH BBYHOK COpPAaBeAAMBOCTH, 3AKOHHALO UpHkKasa WOAsAakKOHHOH BAACTH, 
HAM &e Bejboia HensMBHHOH Hu BceoOmeH «npaByH». Kcau Tlerpa- 


*) llerpamnnkif, B. H. c. T. Il, erp. 500 a cabz. 
**) Tlerpamunxifi, Bs. a.c. T. Il, erp. 488. 


54 NM PEHCHEP DS. 


KHUKii CaMb yKaSBaeTh HA HeHSOLEHOCTE ROHDAHETA MERAY TBMB- 
H APyruMb WpaBoMs NO camok «upuporb Bemefi», TO MH He CKXOHHE 
CYHTATh BTOTO pasaH4jiad HeCYMIECTBEHHHIMb, YACTHHMG HAH BTOPO- 
CTeNeCHHHMD; 10 Teopin Lerpamuugaro npercTaBaenie ecTh cyllecTBeH- 
HHH SCMCHTE SMOMOHAAbHATO ponecca, a Aame Ha oOOme nNOS 
UpaBoBoH CHXHEH HeAb8H He passHaTb, Kak OTABALHHXD THNOBS, 
HHTYHTHBHATO HW NO3HTHBHATO pasa, Bb RayecTeB opm, pb3skO 
OTAHYAWIMEXCA APYl OTS APyTa WO CBOEMY UHTeANCRTYaAbHOMY cO- 
crapy. Morapania sybcb H TaM®b MOCTPOeHH HA HCKAMGAWMEXS ApPyrs 
Xpyra UpHananaxh, HSTh A He MOMeTS ONTH «BsaHMHOH NOWEPRER 
H B8aHMHAaTO YEPBUAeCHia> STHXS ABYXb NCHXHES, CCA OAHA HE MOI- 
WHHAeTCA Apyro#; cabyoBpaTeAbHO He O corsacin No coxepmaHin 3Abcb 
BleTh pbub, & O Upecdsagawmes porn OAHOH, KoTOpad A onpexsb- 
axeTh Apyryw. Camp L[erpamungift noxzrsepmyxaers oTO, roBops, ITO 
BB cxzyyah «pasHorsacia»y MeXAY HHMH IPOMCXOABTS «kpymenie» 
¢NOMACRAMArO NOSHTHBHATO IpaBa». Kakb OVeBHAHO, 8XBCb AAA NO8H- 
THBHArO UpaBa He OKASHBAeTCH APyToroO BHXONa, KARB BOCIIpLAaTie 
TOO cOWepmaHia, KOTOPOe eMY HaBsSHIBAeTL MHTyHTUBHOe. A ecaH 
IO3HTHBHOG IpaBO COUPOTHBAKETCH, OHO—IPH HAaXHYHOM CBOEMS CO- 
Repmanin—nensO6bano ru6gers. ToROpHTh TakHMb OO6pas0MB 0 Co- 
rxacia ABYX’ PopMb OpaBa MeaAy coOoW He MpPHXOARTCH, BXbcbh BH- 
HYRMeHHOG H HEOOxomHMOe coraacoBaHie o,HOH cb ApyroW. HM aro 
coraacoBaHie HeMHICIHMO, CCHH He IIpH8HAaTb CylecTBeHHaro pasAH4dia, 
& 8aTBMB H SaBACHMOCTH O2Ha OTb ApyroH ABYXb MpaBOBHXb CH- 
XE. 

Ha jaabH bine) SsHakOMCTBS Cb B8aHMBHIND OTHOMeHIeMh HHTY- 
HTHBHAaTO H NOSHTUBHATO pasa, MH yObR_AeMCA BE UpaBAbHOCTH 
HalHXb BHBOIOBB. Kart ogasiiBaeTca, 06a Bua wpaba HMbOTS 
CBOH O61acTH, Bb KOTOPHXS OHH ABACTBYHTS NOYTH HCKAWYATCABHO. 
TakoBo# OkashBaeTca Opexse Bcero OOxacTb, BB KOTOPOH «BCAAs... 
NOSHTHBH@Sd HOPMHPOBEA, HO TONLKO OPaMiaIbHas, HO A Heopunias-— 
Had... Oba On HeyMBcTHa». OTO OGXACTH, «Th ABAReTCA HeOOXOAH- 
MHMB cOXpaHeHie cBO6oHOH usMBHUBBOCTH HA iTpucnocoOsseMOCTE 
o6a3agHocTeH 4 HpaBb EB KOHEPOCTHHIMD OOCTOSTeABCTBaME CcoobpasHo 
H8MBHYBBOMY OObeMy, HSMBHUIHBLIMG CTeNeCHAML HHTCHCHBHOCTH, 
KAYeCCTBCHHHMS OTTHHEAMD H T. 1.». Tak, Bb OOAACTH AHTepaTypHOR 
AH XYXOMeCTBCHHOH KPHTHER, Bb HHSHH CeMbH A IIKOIH, Bb OOAACTH 
HalOmeHiA TOCHOACEHXDS Hakasakifi, a Bb COBPeMeHHOMS Ipash Jame 
BB OOAaCTH cya (HaaomeHie HakasaHifi Ha UpecTyHHAKA), MH! BHAHME 
chepy cBoOoxHaro abcTBig HHTYHTHBHArO UpaBa, NP YeMb NO3skTHRB- 
HOG BL JYWNeEMB c1yyab OUpelbaseTS PAaMEH H TpaHHUH wo;06HoR 
ABTOHOMHOH OOxacTH. JaMBTHMb ECTATH, YTO 3aralka Takb_ HashiBa- 
eMaro JHCIHNIHHAapHarO UpaBa BO BCBXB OOA%acTAXh cOmiaibHo#e 
KASHH OYCH ACrKO paspbmMaeTca Cb IPHHATIeMS THOOTeE3H ABTYXTHB- 
Haro upapa. Wf To, aro AO CHXD DOPh KPUMAHAIHCTAaME H Tocyxap- 
CTBOBBAaME IpelcTaBIALOch He TO MpaBoMs, He TO HPABCTBeEHECCTLW. 


COBPEMEHHAA WPACIIPY EWU. 55 


HorywaeTb CObepmMeHno onperbsewHoe HM HayyHoe OObacHeHie. Heco- 
MHBHHO, ITO H TAR HashiBaeMoe cBOOOAHOe TBOPYeCTBO yupaBreuia, 
cBo6o,HOe ycMOTphHie aXMUHHCTpanin HW AUNCKpPeMOHHAad BAAaCTh AB- 
NAWTCH Bb 3HAYHTEABHOK cTeneHH MBCTOMD PasBHTiA He WOBHTHBHALO, 
& HHTYHTHBHarO UpaBa. WM sambuarerbHaa Beulb, ropopuTs IleTpamun- 
Rift, «no mbpb o6zaropomenia u coniasHsanin yeroBbueckoH MCHXHEL... 
cepa, MpeOcTaBiseMas MO3HTHBHHIMS UpaBoms WhicTBin MHTYHTHB- 
Haro», «pce 6orbe» yBeIA4HBaeTca... *). 

CneniambHo poyuHol HWHTYATHBHATO MpaBa — «paBAH-cipabel- 
AHBOCTH» —ABIMCTCH, ONHAKO, OOAACTh OMNBHEH M pacnpexbrenia xo- 
saiicTBCHHHX® O6sarb Hu oOOmecTBeHHaro sBaacTBOBaHia. [lo Teopix 
Tlerpamuikaro, npaBo BooOme aBiseTca dakTopoms pacupes’b1aw- 
DIHMS HW OprakasywomaMs. Cb OHO CTOPOHH, OHO peryxupyeTh pas- 
mbuenie pasHHxb xosaicTBeHHHXb Ozarb OTABIbDHHMD HHIABELAMS 
H KOJICKTHBEHMD TpylUamb, cO8AaeTh COMIAIbHYH IIPHHAaTLCRHOCTS 
aTAXS Oar, olpexbaserh UXb conmiasbHoe pacnpexbseuie. Cb Apyro# 
CTOPOHHI, 1paBO OprakH3yeTb HHAABALyasbHoe 4H MaccoBOe TOBeseHIe, 
COCTOsmMee Bb TOM, YTO <OJHH NOBeXbBAWTS, pacnopaxawtTca o6- 
I{HMH Xb1aMH, HAKASHBAaWTL MPOBHAHBINAXCA H Up., a Apyrie Oespo- 
TOTHO 9TO NepeHocaTh, GesipekOCIOBHO HCNOIHAWTS paciopsameHia 
HepBHXb H Wpoy» Ke ascay aBienifi neppok, «<pacnperbranmel 
@YHEDIH Wpaba», OTHOCHTCH «BCH4eCKad COOCTBEHHOCTbY; Eb OOIACTH 
BTopol, «<opranHsywomeh MyHRUIH», OTHOCHTCH <BAacTh», a2 pH ef 
HOMOMH H OpraHH3alia KOIIeRTHBHOH CHIH. 

VM Bots 3ibcb TO MH BuTphyaemb cBoecbpasHyi0 pOib HHTYHTHB- 
Haru pasa, OHO peryAupyeTb Kakb pash TB OTHODICHIX, <Bb KOTO- 
PHIXd FBIO BAeETS O WPHIBHeRIA HBBCTHArO 1OOpa HIN 31a (Bb TOMD 
aucrb asBbcTHOH TarocTH, H8BBCTHarO HMMYUIeCTBeEHHAaTO OpeMeHH)» 
HJH, TOBOpA wHaye, «<IpH pacupeybaenin usBbCTHHX) Oral YAH 301 
MOHAY HBCKOIBEHMH CyObeKkTaMH». CipaBelaHBOCTh TakHM’ 0Opa30Mb 
CTAHOBHTCH 38 COHHOH pacipexbaawilaro mpaBa HA HesaBHCHMO OTS 
To wau Apyrof# noxoRuTeIAbHOH HOPMHPOBKH pbilaeTs BOMpOCS 0 TOMS, 
KOMY H CKOIBKO «0 COBBCTH», NO «apaBrb>» HasIeRHTh H Kakoe 
S10, TAFOCTh HIH MYyGeHIG «NO NpaBib» TOMY HIH APyTOMy MNpHyH- 
raurca. WH, sarb ormbyaeTs [lerpaxungift, jame o6ndHOe NOHHMaHie 
CUpaBeLIABOCTH cienialbHO NpiypowmBaerTb ea TocnogxcTBy HaGos'be 
BARBY CTOPOHY Bb AbATeAbHOCTH BAacTH, MMeHHO HHTYHTHBHOMY 
WpaBy UpAkalIeKATE cymeewie 0 TOMS, CNpabeIABO AM MOCTYMawTS 
TB HAH [pyria BHCHia HW He8aBHCHMHA IA0a UO OTHOMeHI Kb APy- 
FHM, HHSIMML H MOGWHHEHHHMS. <CopaBesIHBOCTh DPAUACHRBAeTCA» 
(#14 OTpHTaeTca!) <3akOHOAATeAAM 10 OTHOMeCHIN Kb NOA8AKOHHEIMD, 
MOHAPXaM M0 OTHOMOHIN KD NOMAHAHM', TOCHOMAMD 10 OTHODIEHIW 
KH pabaMt... POAUTCIAME, DO OTHOMeHIN KB Abram» u T. n. H 8a- 
mrbiaTeibHad Belllb, COpaBeAAMBOCTh, KAR KpATepi, HHAKOZa He MpH- 


*) Ilerpaxunri#, pb an. ec. T. II, cr. 486—487. 


56 M PEHCHEPS. 


MBHAeCTCA Kb HURE CTOAMHM, A TOABEO Kb THM, KOTOPHe MOTYTS «HO 
ycmoTpbai HaybaaTh aApyraxt 6aaramu». VW roabgo ogna cepa BD 
oO1acTH pacupesxbiswUlaro H OpraHAsylomaro NpaBa He MM'beTS BOSS 
ce6a CipabeqIHBOCTH, KaKb BHICMaro CyJbH—9TO OO1acTh alMHHECTpa- 
THBHOH TeXHUKA, POPMAIbHAarO NOPsAAKAa, JOMKHOCTH H CAYRON, MeXa- 
HAyeCKOH OpraHHsalliA KOALCKTHBHArO Tpyxa. Toapbko sxbcb rocnoscr- 
ByeTh HepasxbIbHO MOAVHHTeAbHOe UpaBu H MOIATS 83 OTCYTCTBIeWS 
NOBOJOBh HHTYHTHBHO-paBoBad coBécTs *). 

Tloqo6Hoe sHayeHie HHTYHTHBHALO papa Ham Jyqwe Bcero pac- 
EPHBaeTB TO «Cordacie», KOTOpOe CYMIeCTByeTh MeHTy CipaBes.tu- 
BOCTBIO H NOAORHTCALHHME pasomb. BB Hel DOLOATCABHAA HOPwA 
HMBeTS CBOCrO CYAbW, H NOHATHHMS Telepb ABAACTCH TOTh—a Cka- 
8a1b OH, TialekTHyeckifi—xorzB pasBuTia o6buxt opm upaBa. Kou- 
(AUETH H UpOTHBOpbyiis MemTyY HUMH ABAAWTCA elu NOCTOAHAN YD 
cofepxaniewb, H STO Bb WOAHOH wbpb oogrBepxyaets Ierpaxancisi. 
WaTyHTHBHOe paso, OxAarogapa cBoeH OAmB0CTH PasHHMS cepam x 
EPyraMb KH3HH, BCerza paso pasHoobpasHoe a UecTpoe. Ilpaso mosE- 
THBHOC, ¢«YAOBICTBOPAA HHTYHTHBHO-DPaBOBHM> TpedosakiaM OXHHXt.. 
ThMb CaMHIMD He YAOBICTBOPHCTL» TAKOBHIMb Ke «TpeOoBakiawd Apy- 
raxp». A «ub Ooabme pasHoobpasia aw pasHursacif BL nperbaars 
caMOH HETYHTHBHO-NpaBoBoH HaposHoH ncuxugH, ThMS OOnabH BE H 
OotbMe pasHorsacia # KOLIMsiH STOH KaTeropia MERAY NOSHTHBANMS 
UpaBoMb WH HHTYHTHBHHIMD... PAasSHHXb OOMeCTBEHHHIXD 9ICMCHTOBB>. 
Bb pesyabTaTb—tTameine KOHDAHETH Memyy oObumu PopMaMH pasa. 
MORHO AH OTO CUHTATh <«TOIbKO YACTHHMH pasHOriacigMH» MemAy 
HuMH? Ha Hallb B3risy’>—9TO HeOOxOgHMHH wn HensObRHnH opo- 
necch **), 

Bb cBOeMb HCTOPHICCKOMS pasBUTIH OO MopMW UpaBa AAYTb Hy- 
TeMb BBInOH OopbOn emle A BL APyTOMb OTHOMEHIH: DNOSHTHBHOS 
paso HMBeTS TeHJeHMi KOCTCHBTS H OTCTABATb OTb HHSHH, HHTYH- 
THBHOG paSBABaeTcA «HeNpephiBao-NocTeneHAaO». <Ubus OompmeH He- 
NOJBARHOCTH H OKAMEHBAOCTH AJOCTHTAeCTS TpagunicHHO OOHYHOe Ha 
HHOe paso... YBMb MeHbe Upucuocob6seHb 3akOHOJaTeAbHHH Mexa- 
HH3Mb KB CoodpasoBaHiW SAakOHOMAaTeAbHarO paBa Cb HapoOAWHiME 
HHTYHTHBHO-0PaBOBHMH BOs3pbHiAMH H TpeOoBaHiaMH, ThMA OOHIDEKS 
u phsue, ceteris paribus, kOHIBETH STOTO pola MORAY HATYHTHBHEIMS 
IpaBoM; HXb MOHHO HAasBaTb UCTOPHYCCKUMH HIH 9SBOAWTOHRHME 
KOHDIHETAMH». OTH KOHDAHKTH CMATYAWTCA TOABKO TBM, ITO HHTYH- 
THBHOG MpaBo upio6pbraerh pbulawmeee BlisHie Ha caMoe paSBHTie 
NOSHTHBUSIO paba. OTO NOcABIHeEe OKASHBACTCH TAaKHMb OO6pas0nt 
<Bb SHA4HTeIBHOH CTeNeHA» HHTBMG HHNMS, KAR «<UPOXYRTOM?) 
IpOaBIeHieMb HHTYHTHBHATO UpaBa COOTBBTCTBYWMAXD JHOS, WHAH- 


*) Nerpamankia, s. u. c. T. I. erp. 185—187, 198, 199, 208, T, HM, crp. 
484, 505, 506, 485. 
**) Tamb xe, B. H. c. T. IJ. crp. 489. 


A 








COBPEMEHHAA JOTACIPYAEALIA. ov 


BHAOBS HW MACCh, MOLyWaMMIXb saTbMb Bb NCHXHRB APyruXxb caMo- 
CTOATeABHOe BHATeHIe». Takoe LaBlenie «IpaBIH-cupaBeqAUBOCTH» Ha 
TOJOKATCIBHOG UpPabO HACTh, OJHAKO, RAK 9TO UPH3sHaeTh cam’ I[le- 
TpamanKifi, NyTeMb NOCTOAHHO BOSpacTawMlAXS Hecorgzacift H KOWDABE- 
MOBS Mey HUMH WH BMBCTB Cb TBM OCTOABHAarO pocta pedopMa- 
‘TopcKoH wbatedbHoctu BB ObAacTH sBakoHOMaTerbcTBa. «II pomeccy mo 
CTCNMeHHaTO NOAMBIeHIA H YCHXeHiA pasHorsacifi MERAY HHTYHTHBHAIMD 
MU NOSATUBHHNS NpaBoMs COOTBBICTBYeTh UPOMeCch MHORECTBA YACTHY 
HHXS H MIEUX HAM Oosbe HAM MeHBe KPYNAWXb paspbmenifi 3: 
Hepembe. Bb Chepb MosHTHBHAaTO pasa». Berayaiimaro HanpsRenia 
OcTHTaeTh oeMONiA «CIpaBeAAHBOCTH» TOrAa, KOTAa OHA BCTPhaaerh 
oco6eHHO CHABHOeG CONpOTABAeHie CO CTOPOHHI cTaparo nopagKa. Ba 
OTHXD CAYYaRX HATYHTHBAOCE paso upiobpbraers Bce OoxbMyW CHI, 
JOXOAHTB «y BCe OONbMAarO Cla HAXHBAAOBB O sHTysiasMa H ha- 
HaTu3Ma», JOBOAET AX «10 PawaTnyecko HEHABUCTH Eb CYMCCTBYH- 
MeMy IOpamky WH ero MpeACTaBHTCAAM’, BHSAIBACTb Bb KOKI -KOH- 
Ti0OBb B&PHBb, PeBOIWUI»... Youbxe ex oOeruaeTcs ThMb, 4YTO Ha 
CTOpOHB cTraparo MOpaka, HAyMaro BL paspb3b Ch HHTYHTABHHM'S 
IpaBoMb M&CCb, pasBHBaeTcaA HeH3s6bRHOG «aTHGeCKOe HieHie», CTOIb 
cBOHCTBeHHOe cpel’s, JHMeHHOH MOpadbHoH canEnin uw cosHania cROero 
npapa *). 

Bs o6naHoe Bpema «xbicrBie HATYATHBHATO UpaBa 0 Ooxbmell 
WacTH OCTAeTCA CEPHTHHMS H He3aMBTHHIMD», OHO <J'bHCTBYOTh BD 
KA4eCTBB, Tak CKA8aTb, HOSPHMArO BAKYAECHATO MaxTopa, Ha cmeH' 
Ke MOABIAWTCH PasHHe HAHe MOMCHTH H COOOpamenis, cocTaBLAMTca 
pasHbid TeOpik, WOAMTHYeCKIA H COMaNbHhid yieHia. Hecmotpa Ha CBOM 
HOAWCh OOALMYH WOBEPXHOCTHOCTS, OMHOCTOPOHHOCTh H IPOH3BOXb- 
HOCTb... pasb OHB 00 CBOCMY HallpaBseHiw cOOTBBTCTBYWTb TpeboBa- 
HiSMb sapomsawmlaroca H YKOPeCHAWMAaroca HHTYATHBHArO pasa, 
TIpPeAcTaBAAWTcaA INAAMb BeCbMa YAR4HHMH A YOBIHTeAbHHMH, Upi06- 
pbrawTs pacipocrpanenie H NOUYIAPHOCTh, HHOTAa Takyl BBpy # 
Hountanie, Kakad ObIBAacCTS Bb perHTiosHOH OOxacTa». Takme Hesa- 
MBTHO MOKeTh FhHCTBOBATh AHTYHTHBHOG paso H TaMm'b, rib on 
BCTpbiaercs Cb HAapyMeHieMb CipaBeIMBOCTH Bb OTEBAbAHXS CIy- 
GasxXb WIH Ka3sycaxb. QTOTh KOHMAMETS HensOBRCHD, MO38HTHBHOO 
paso He MOHeTE WOKPHTh BCB <ROHKPCTHO-RATCHCKIe» C1YWaH H OT- 
HOoWweHis, H 01paBO HATYHTUBHVC OPMXOAUTS Ha OOMONTb. Maccy- orHo- 
meni OHO BHBOJUTS Bb oOONacTh Tperelickaro cyja cOoBBCTH, OHO 
BiiseTh Ha caMOe TOIKOBaHie H UpaMbHenie NO3sHTHBHATO OpaBa, OHO 
BYTOME NCHXHYECKATO JaBIeHiA BBOAETS CBOH HCH Bb YYeHYN WPHC- 
IpyAeHwiw, AaeTh TOHD @f padoTaMb’ Bb TOAKOBAHIH HCTOUHHEOBS, 
iIpyM'buenia anaxoriv u T. oO. **). 

3dHaveHie AHTYHTHBHATO 1paBa BACHeEHO Telleph Tepeyb HaMe 





*) Hlerpaxunnifi, B. aw. c. T. II, erp. 492, 493, 494. 
**) Tamb xo, T. II, crp. 492, 495—496, crp. 490, 491. 


58 M. PEHCRHEPS. 


BOOJHB, H MH He MORCMb Bb BALY STOTO NPHCOCAHHUTHCH KB TEMS 
NOAORCHIAME Hallero aBTOPa, KOTOPHA Kakb Ob CTPeMATCA OCAAOHTS 
CMEICIS CX'BAAHHATO MMB OTEPEITIA H YPaBHATb JO HBBECTHOM cTeneHHa 
ComaABHH BBCh HHTYHTHBHArO A MO8HTHBHATO UpaBa. IpiopxTers 
TepBaro H eFO MepBOPOAcTBO He MOFYTH ye UpelcTaBuTh HHEAKAXS 
comHbHift. Tlerpamunnifi He TOIBKO CHaO,HIDb «{BOPAHCKAMD DatTeH- 
TOMB» HHTYHTHBHOe UpaBO H NOCTaBHAS CTO PAAOMS Cb NOSOMATCAb- 
HHM, OH JOKAa8aIb HaMb, ITO OHO OAHO HMBETE UpaBo Ha Dapceili 
IpPecTONb, ABAACTCA NPHPOMJCHHHM'S CYREPCHOMD WpaBoBok obsacTH. 
Ecru BHaIuETS BHIHAXS Bb JakelickyW UpaBoBoe NpHHyaReHie, TO 
Ilerpaxunkifi sactaBHIt NOsHTHBHOC NpaBo UpeKAOHATS KOAbHA Depess 
CBOHMS BLICOKOPpOMICHHHMD TocuoAuHOMS. HW xorga Tors xe Ierpa- 
RUDE cTrapaeTcd IpHAaTh CAaMOCTOSATeABHOeE A HeESaBHCHMOe SHayeHie 
TOLOHHTCABHOMY UpaBy H erO MOTHBALIH cCpelH MAaCCh, TO MH HE 
MOKCME He BCTPBTH1b MOOOHHXS yreepmleHii Ses8b OTOBOPORb # 
comHbuifi. HKorga y Ilerpamungkaro BHICTYNaeTb 08HTHBHO® paBo 
Bb POH SaMOXOBABWMArO BOCHHTaTeIs Haposa, — eTO yTBepayeHie 
SBAACTCA HATAXKOH H UpeyBeawgeniems: Kak UPAMbpb NPHBOABTD 
sibcb [lerpaxungi#t paisnie ocBo6omjeHia EpecTbaHS Ha ICHXHKY Ha- 
poza. Ho paspb HeHsBECTeHS HalleMy YICHOMY TOTh (akTs, ycTaHo- 
BICHHHH HCTOpHKaMA Poccin, 3To 6oxbe croxbria Jo o> BOGoRTeHIA AAB- 
Jacb HellpectaHHas BOHHAa KDPeCTLAHD Cb UPABHTEALCTBOMD 8a Mopy- 
TaHHOe Opaso, a CABAOBATeALHO H 38Abcb HHTYHTHBHOS NpaBo Upexuie- 
CTBOBaAO NOLOMATeABHOMY? UTO «HepeXOBOe NOSATHBHOE Mpaso... ycke- 
pHeTE pasBETie COOTBBTCTBCHHSIO ARTYHTABHATO IpaBa», Bb STOMS He 
MOMCTh OMTh HHE@RHXS COMH'BHIH TAK we, EAaRb Bb TOM, ITO «<He- 
pasyMHOe, S1OKAYECTBEHHOC NOSHTHBHOC WpaBo» MORETS OBITS JO uSBbCT- 
HOH CTeMeHH «HCTOUHHROMDS OTpPaBieHia HW NOPaH HapoxHok, HHTYATHB- 
HOH... sTHEH». He OTPpHaeMh MHI Take BUSMORHOCTH BAIAHIA NOSH- 
THBHArO WpaBa Ha TB HAH Apyrie Epyra, ThcHO CBA8aHHHe Ch cyAe6- 
HOH, @JMHHHCTPaTHBHOH 4 T. UO. UpagTHKo#. Onako, sto Bce YacT- 
HHe ClyYaH, ckopbe TOATBepRAawWOlie npaBHAO, IBM ONpOBepranmie 
ero. He CTOHTS AH Bb NOMOOHHXE CLYIAAXG 8A «<B1OKAICCTBCHHHIMS» 
SAKOHOMb HHTYHTHBHOG WpaBo ONpe'bICHHNX IPYUIb WH KAACCOBE 
HaceleHia, He jblaeTh IH aBOKATa H WPHCTA HBHTYHTHBHOe pago 
ero rpyouH ocoO6eHHO BOCIPiHMYHBHMS Kb DO8HTHBHOH MOTABaNin? 
IIpast nostomy Iletpaxunkifi, korga o8D roBopuTs: <Crenenb cuo- 
COOHOCTH M08HTHBHAO paBa MOAMDHOMPOBATh AHTYHTHBHOe Upaso, 
coo6pasHo cOOcTBeEHHOMY CBOeMY COJepKaHill, 3aBHCHTS BB CHIBHOM 
cTpeleHH (ME OW CkasaaH HCKAWYHTEIBHO) OTh ero cooTBbtcrsia no- 
TpeOHOCTAM® COMiaAbHOK RHSHA, TEHJCHDISM Of PasBUTia HT. 7.> *). 

Oubch ME IPHXOMM ES BOMPOCY 06S HACTOPHYCCEOMS pasBuTin 
pasa, HeH80BKHO CBA8AaHHOMY Cb CaMHM XONOMb conmiaxbHOH 9BoO- 
nonin... Y UWerpaxunkaro y#e HaMbueHH ef HBEOTOPHe NyHRTH x 





*) erpaxnanxil, B. a. c. T. I. erp. 498—499. 








Kb XAPAKTEPHCTHESR COBPEMEHHHIXS TEYESIU. 59 


pTaln. Bb HOBOMDS TPyAB OND OObMAeTE HAM JATb eH WOMHOG paAc- 
EpHTie; XO WosBAeHiA STOTO TPYAa MHI MOKA OTAaraeMb pasb6ops ero 
BBOAWMOHHOH Teopin, HO SFBCbh MBI YHC MOMCMS OMSHHTS BL NOIHOK 
wbpb ero Teopi pasa. 

ByayaH pesyAbTaTOMB KpyOHaro ABAReHia eBpONecKOH MHICIM 
BHAANMHXCA AapOBakit aBTOpa, OHA ABAAETCA HACTOAMIAMS COOHITICND 
BD HayKS. Hosoe Teyenie Bb COBpeMeHHOH WPHCIPYACHMIn OTEPHBAeTS 
Imupokie TOPAs0BHTH NpaBoBo HaykS A BOSBPaMlaeTh MaCcaM'’b OTHATOE 
OHAO Y HHX HHTYHTHBHOC WpaBo, STY BEAHKYH HAE WpaBlH, KOTOpas 
O1H& MOKCTH JaTb O6os0UKY coniaibHHIMS TpeOonaHiaMs COBpeMEH- 
HOCTH. 

Boph6a 8a xxbO6b, 88 HHSHb, 8a CyMecTBOBaHie, Sopb6a 8a Oxara 
CBOOOAH OARTHYeCKOH wu coniambHOH w 38a BHICHIA Ofara KYATYPH 
ROAKHH craTh GopbOo# 3a mpaBo. Unaye—ouna OesHayzexual 


M. Peiicnep». 


Kb XapakTepHCTUKb COBPeMeHHELX'S 
TOYOHIN. 


(Huxoarai Bepazges’s. — Hopoe pesnrio3sH0e cosHauie H OOmecTBeHAOCT. Cn6. 1908). 


Bb TOMS AYXOBHOMB Kadeyzockoub, KOTOpHH UpexCTaBAAWOTb 28- 
ce6a pasHooOpasHia TeteHid, yueHia H HalpaBseHis, TO OWCTpO cM'b- 
BAWMIA APyTb Apyra, TO cOcyMecTBYHMisA Apyrb Cb APYTOMb Bb YMAXh 
COBpeMeHHOH pyccKOH HHTeIIHTeHMiA; Cpequ BCBXB oTHXb HAealn- 
CTOBb, HHUMeAHTeBh, HEOMAPKCHCTOBD, HEOMeKAMCHTOBh, AHAPXHCTOBD,, 
HBAMBELYaAIHCTOBS H T. A., HT. X.,—CneqH BCBXb o9THXh TeveHit, 
HaXOMAMBXxb Y HaCh CBOHX'S NPOpOKOBh WH CBOHXb PbAHHXD DOcABIO- 
BaTexeh, Bb HACTOAMee BpOMA HAaYHHACTh sasBIATb O ceOb ONHO Te- 
yeHie, OTHOCHTCIbHO KOTOPArO CMe CpaBHHTeAbHO HOaBHO Kasatocs, 
4TO HMCHHO OHO HauMeHbe UM'BETS WAaHCOBh BO3HHEAYTh IPH coBpe- 
MeCHHHX®E PyYCCKHXb ycAOBiasxtb. Mu TOBOpHMSb O TOMh MHCTHKO-pelH- 
YIOSHOME HalpabileHiv, UpPeACTaBATeASMH KOTOPAarO SABASIOTCA Y HACh 
wu OY. Muucgiii, a r. Mepeaxoscri#, a r. Bepaaens, a r. Bysrakost, 
H Tr. PosanoBs, H Tr. ACKOIBJOBS, HW MHOTIe Apyrie, 0 HalpaBlenix, 
HeCOMHBAHO AMBIONCMS BSBBCTHHIH, XOTA WOKa eme He OcObeHHO: 
GoAbMOH, OTSBYER cpequ O6pasoBaHHoH uyOrnkM BOOOOMe Hu yIamelica 
MONOJCRH Bb YACTHOCTH, YTO MEHIY POM HarsayHo oOnapymu- 
BaeTca H TbMb, 4TO BacbraHia peHTiosHo-usocopckaro obmecTBa 
(aToH WTa6b-KBapTHpH HCKaTeteH HOBOH peaHuTiW) BCergza OXOTHO No- 


60 WMOKRIEBC EI it. 


cbmawtca. WH ona nocbmawtca ne To myOamkoH, KOTOpad XeAHTL Ha 
PasHA ITCHIA «MHCCIOHEPOBL» H NOKYNaeTh SPOMMpH, coo6mannlia 0 
<HOBHXDb 4YJeCaxXb> KPOHMTATCRaroO UpoToiepes, a ToH, KOTOpad x0- 
HT H Ha Sacbaania APYroxb YICHHXh, ABTePATYPHHXb A WOAMTH- 
YeCKHXb OOMeCCTBS. 

OTO ocabaHee oOcTeatTeAbcTBO—BHTepech, OSHAPYKBBACMH Kb 
BOMPOCaMh PesHTIH CpeAH MUPOFpeCCHBHHXb /91CMCHTOBA OONLECTBS, 
€CTh HBITO HOBOG Bb COBPeMeEHHOMD pycckoms o6mectsb. Poccia 
Meera Wopamaza HHOCTpanyeBb OTCYTCTBieMb pexHTiosHO MA3HU. 
«Quant aux Eglises d’Orient,—rosopurs a3BbcTHHA MBefinapcEifi 60- 
TOcsoBB-Qus0cops PpexepHE e-PyxMout,—elles dorment du plus 
profond sommeil» *). (Les deux cités, t. I, p. IV). Odumiaasuo ycra- 
HOBICHHOe y4eHie NPH8HaBaXOCh Y Hach ThMb-TO HeHSMBHHHMS 4, 
NOBTOMY, AbHCTBUTeABHO OHIO HCNOABASHWME H GesKASHOHALIME: IIpo- 
rpeCCBHBHHIC, HHTOIAUTCHTHHE BACMCATH OOMECTBA OTHOCHAHCL Kb HEMY 
Takb Ke, Kakb H KO BCeMY Npoyemy opaniasbHomy. Ho XapagTrepHHiws 
HOKASATeAOMh AYXOBHOH usionomia pyccraro o6ulecTBa 60 He 98TO 
OTHOMeHIe Kb OPuniaIbHOMY yIeHIW (OTHOMeHIe, KOTOpOe A He MOTAO 
OITh HHHMS Y ABHCTBATeABHO DPOrpeCCHBAHXb SAeCMeHTOBS), & TO 
PaBHolymie, Cb KOTOPHMS OLLIH BCTPBucHH H HeMHOTie Heopuian- 
HHIC UPeACTABHTeAH peaHriosHok MHcaH. jlaxe Bb camoe HeAaBHee 
Bpema Baagumips Cosopbest, HecMoTpa Ha cBOoH Ozectamlif xABTepa- 
TYpHHH TayaHTb, HE MOP BHSBaTb KABUTO peaAHTiosHaro HHTepeca Bb 
IWHPOKEXb Kpyraxh OOMectTBa, H BO BCHEOM CAyYab ColOBbeBh Bd 
cBoeH 4HCTO-pesHTiosHo MbATeABHOCTH HallexXb Bb CBOC BPeMA MCHB- 
Me OT3BYK&a CpeAH HyOAHEH, YSME HHS KEBYMie UpeACTaBATeAH pe- 
xHTiO3HOH MBICAH, XOTH HHETO H3b OTHXS MOCKBAHHXb HO MOMETS 
OHITh, 10 CBO@MY TaaHTY, NOCTABIeHS paAtOMb Cb CoOAOBLCBHM, # 
MHOre H8b HHXS OTEPHTO NpHsHaWTh Cox0BbeBba CBOAMh YIHTCLEME. 

BosHHEHOBeHIe peIHriosHHXb BHTePCCOB cpelu HBEOTOPHXS Iper- 
CTaBHTeXeH MpOrpeCCHBHHX SACMEHTOBD Pycckaro OOMeECTBa CTABHTS 
Hepexb HaMH Ba BOUpoca: BO-epBHXb,—BONpOCh O TOMb, NOYWeMy 
8TH PeCAHTIOSHHe HHTCPech! NOABHAHCh; BO-BTOPHXb,—BOUpOCh O TOMS, 
"TO JaeTh AYXOBHOK MAS8HH Hamero OGulecTBa eTO HOBOe TeVeHie. 

O6crosTeibAHH oTBBTS Ha cepsHit BOMpoch saBbexb OH HACh 
CIHIIKOME Jazexo. HW sto mpexye BCero NOTOMY, ITO STOTh OTBETS 
HBHACH OH TOABKO BapiaHTOMS Jpyroro oTBbTa, OTBbTa Ha YTOpasAC 
Oorbe o6ntiff BoNpoch oO TOMS, Kagie PakTOPH NOAMePRABAWTS Cymre- 
CTBOBAHIe€ peAHTi Bb WHBHAUSOBAaHHOMS OOmecTBS. IlosTomy, He BXO- 
Ai Bb DoApodHoe obcyaxyenie nepBaro BONpOCS, MH OrTpadHIHMCa AWTS 
eOmuMH cooOpameHiaMa, yRAKeM JHIIb Ha OCHOBHYN IPHiHHy BO3s- 
HHEHOBCHIA HSyYWaeMAaTO HAaMH ABICHIZ. 

Ene Llackasp cka3zaxb: «BchMt H3BbcTHO, ITO CCTh ABA WYTS, 





*) .Uto kacaeTca BOCTOUHHXS WepKBei—onsb COATS cCaMIMB rryGommes 
CHOM?D‘. 


Kb XAPARTEPHCTHES COBPEMEHBHIXS TEGEHIE. 61 


yepesb KOTOPHIG MHBHIA OBLarbBawTh AywWof, 4 ITO OBTHMHA IYTAME 
SBIAWTCAH ABB HAMA OCHOBHHA CcHocoOHOCTA: pasyMb HA BOAK. Han- 
Oorbe CCTECTBEBHHIM LBAAETCA NYT pasyMa; 160 Bcerg”a c.rb108a10-OHr 
COMMaMaTbCa JHMb Cb AOKASAaHAHIMH HCTHHAaMH. Ho nyrh Hanborbe 
OftIeHHHH, XOTA H NpPOTHBHEIH Upupor’b, ecrb NyTb BoM». (Pensées, 
1852, p. 30). OTOTS «NYTb BON», T. ©. CKRIOHHOCTh JerkO BBpUTS 
BB T0, BO 4TO XOYETCH BBPHTL, VETO KeAATCAbHO AOCTHIHYTh, APYTHMU 
CLOBAMH, 8T& «BOJa-BBpATb» (kakb BLIpamaetca Buapams jimemcs) 
CCTb OJHOBPCMCHHO H HCTOUHHED Hameli CHiN, WH pana Hallet 
cxa6ocTH. OTO OHA, 9TO, HMCHHO, BOAS-BBPHTh BAYMAeTh UMYMeEMY 
yero-1H60, 4TO «BpeMeHa yO HACHOJAHINChY, ITO «<BpeMeHa yire 
O1H8KH», T. @. BAHBACTh Bb CFO AYMY 9Hepril, CBABAHHYW Cb yBb- 
PCHHOCTBW, YTO YCUBXB ero HECOMH'SHEHS, CCHH OH TOAbKO Oyjerh 
OCTOHHS 9TOrO ycnbxa. HW kToO MORCTH BHANCANTL, HACKOABKO NOHH- 
3H1acb SH SHeprid OrpomMHaro Oo1bmAncTBA AbATeIeH, ecuu 6H OHH 
He HaXOJHAHCh NOs OOaaHiemt oTOH GraroxbreabHoH uasmo03in!? Hoo 
JHMb BeCbM&a HEMHOFHMS, HCKANUMTCIbHO-CHIbHEIMB, TAHA BR yIbIs 
CHOCOOHOCTD padoTaTh cb UuomHOH oHeprief u 6e3b BBPH Bb 3Ha4H- 
TCIbHOCTh BOSMOMHHIXDh PC3yYIbTATOBL AX WBATCIBHOCTH. 

ONHaKO, CCH BOIJA-BBPUTh, CosqaBad Ox7arowbresbHyYW wIDOsi 
AeTKOAOCTHRUMOCTH YCUbXa, ABIACTCH ACTOUHHEROMD Hamel CHIH, TO 
OHa, Bb CHIY TOFO He OGCTOATCIBCTBA, ABIACTCA H UPHIBHOH Hamel 
cxadocTH. M60 Beskas HIANSIA BB KOHIT KOHDOBS pasob6saqaercs; A 
BOTb, KOrga, BMBCTO OmBAaeMOH OrecTameh NOOIN, Mh BUAHMS Te- 
peas co6of ANEIL efBa OMyTAMHH ycirbxb, Torga pasbaTag Hajexla 
MCTHTDS 8a CeO, H MBI TEPACEMB CHOCOOHOCTh OMBHHTh NpaBuIbHO 
Kakb sHavenie AOCTUrHyTaro ycihxa, Tak’b HW AOCTOHHCTBO TOTO ITH, 
0 KOTOPOMY MHI TOABKO 3TO Wu. Torga gpyroh nyth HaamHaerTs 
HaMb kasaTecd OcOdeHHO IPHBIeKkaTeIbHbiM'’b, OcObeHHO MHOrOO6S- 
MLaW0\HMb, H STO AHUIb NOTOMY, ITO OHS HE NOXORB HA TOTS LYTb, 
Bb KOTOPOMS MBI TOXBKO ITO pasOwapoBalHCh; H MBI WepeHOCHMb 4a 
Hero Bch HallH HaleIH, BCB Halu yuOBaHis, H BBPpHMb BB HeTO- 
RO TBXb MOpb, MOKa dorHka Belle# He pasOObeTb BHOBb Hallett uI- 
4103iH H HG KHHETS Hach elle Ha HOBHH uyTb, T. €&. DOKa MH He 
HOUWaseMb 100'b BIACTh HOBOH HAAWBIL... 

Tart Ob HHH yer0oBbieckifi LyX WepexOAATS OTb HAleRIN Kb pa- 
BOUapoBaHil A OTS HOBOH HaseRAH Kb HOBOMY pas0yapoBanin; BMB- 
CTO TOFO, ITOH OOHATE Cpasy BCB CTOPOHH OHITIA H 8aTBMB CHCTe- 
MATHUCCKA 8aHATbCA BCeCTOPOHHeH paspaboTKoH JOCTYNAHXD eMy JaH- 
HEIX, OHD MCYETCH ABb CTOPOHH BECTOPOHY, Bb KaRIbik AaHHHH MO- 
MCHTh 8aHHMAACh [1aBHHIM'b OOPas0OMh -paspynleHiemb TOTO, YTO Ob 
crbiarh Bb Upeswazymit moments. Ognaxo, oTO ero MeTaHie He 
ABAACTCA OespesyAbTATHHMDb OlyRIanieMb, H Bb CBOeEMb epexols 
CH OMHOTO NYTH Ha Apyro yeroBbueckifi AyXh HHKOTWAa He BOsBpa- 
WlaeTcCA Ha TO CaMOe MBCTO, HA KOTOPOM OHB ye HAXOJHICA panbe. 
Eaxmyn marb Bb stoH AYXOBHOH oBOINWNHIA YeAOBBIECTBA OTMBIAeTCH 


OTBOPHCb» HHETO He MOIrb TPOHSHeCTH, H Halla HKASHb OCTABaksucs | 


‘62 Ue MOKILEBCEI Ht. 


KARUMB-HHOYAb UpioOpbreniemb, KOTOpOe HABCersa BXOJHTh Bb COEP- 
BHIMHALY GeAOBbieckaro BBABHIA H KOTOPOe AhAaeTh HeBOSMORHHAS 
NOJHHH BOSBpaTb KB crapomMy. Ho 9ToO ObBaeTh, KOHEYHO, AHMIb Bb 
TOMB Clyiab, eclH MH Hubemb Tepexs coo gblicrpaTexbHO <Wals 
Bb JYXOBHOH 9BOAWDIn», HOO He BCAKOe MBMBHeHIe eCTh 9BOANHIS, | 
He BCHKOG «HOBO TegeHie» eCTh Marh Bb SBOIWUIn: UpA Oeskones- 
HOH CAOHHOCTH MA3HCHHLXD ABICHI BOSMOMHH Takid TeYeHiA H HA- 
Upapiekia, Bce 3Haqesie KOTOPHXb YACTO OTPHMAaTe1bHO: OHH BOBHE- 
KART BCXBACTBIe CYMeCCTBOBAHIA HSBBCTHHX HEAOCTATKOBS Bb Jpy- 
THXb TeYeHIAXb, HO CaMH He BOCHOAHSIOTS 9THXD HEAOCTATROB. 

Takumt 06pa30Mb MH UPHMIIH Kb MOCTAHOBEB Halero BTOpOrO 
BOUpOCca, BOMpPOCa O TOM, YTO BHOCATS Bb AYXOBHYN H3Hh Hallero 
OOMecTBa 8TO HOBO® MHCTHKO-pesariosHoe Teenie. 

Bp Hallemb oOmecTsb OHO BOBHHEAO, RAKb peakMis UIPOTHBS pa 
He rocuoxcTBOBaBarO MHTeZACKTYaiH3¥a H MOSHTHBHSMa. JLyxoBHoE 
Bospompenie Hallero oOmecTBa, HawvaBlleeca O0crb 3x0n01yIHOb 
KPHMCKOH KaMUAaHiH, CONPOBOMMAIOCh HACTOADIUM KYIbTOMb HAYEA. 
TloromuterbHad Hayka H DosoKUTeIbHAaS uxocoia (KoTOpad xkasa- 
JaCb HepaspHBHO cBa3aHHOH cb HaykoH) cyaTaIHch TOH aAammo# Aza- 
HHA, OpH combicrain KeTopoH MOMHO JOCTHTHYTb BCerO BEChMa IPX- 
cTO H cKepo. KoneyHo, sHagenie HayKH aa OOMIECTBA TAKB BeXRKG, 
4TO CFO HeAb3H H IIpeyBeAHQHTh, HO GObsa Bb TOM, ITO Kb BFOMT 
BUOJHS 8akKOHHOMY yBaxKeHiW HAayKH UpHcoesuAHI0ch oOnMHOe yGt- 
HleHie, yrO <BpeMena yxe HCTeKIM», YTO JapBuHb H KouTs, Kap 
Ports 4H Muaib, Mogzemots uo Boks u wbEoTOpHe Apyrie HaH6orte 
NOUYIAPHHe MHCIHTCIH, CCH HE OKOHYATCAbHO SaBePpMAAH NOCTp- 
eHie XpaMa HayKH, TO BO BCAKOMS Clyyab OKOHGATeIBHO BEIpadoTar 
NJaHb sTOrO WOCTPOeHiA, TAR YTO BSAKOHYBTH 9TO MOcTpoewie yae 
mpocto # He TpyaHo. [lupokaa ny61aka CAHUIKOMS MaJO 8H&aKOMA Cb 
TbMH HeBBPOATHHIMH TPYIHOCTAMH, KOTOPHA IPHXOAATCA MpeosorbBats 
JAA TOPO, YTOOH cAblaTh Jake CpaBHATeAbHO HeOolbMI0e Haye 
OTEPHTIe. WM nosToMy-To H TWOAywaeTca TAakOe OPHrHHadbHoe ABIeHIe. 
TO MAaNO8HaKOMad Cb HayKol nyOanKa, KakB OynTO OH, Oorbe «Bt- 
PHTB Bb HAYKY>, YBMb CaMble TBOPULI TOM HayKH: BL TO BpeMS, 
EKakb BelHkii HBwToHb cpaBHHBarb ceOs cb peOeHKOM’, HIpak- 
HME DUBBTHHMH KaMelikaMH Ha Oepery OesOpemHaro oOReana,—uryé- 
IHKa AerKO MpeAuosaraeThb, ITO Jame kakol-HAOyIb BTOPOCTeNneHBEIt 
yuenbii MuxeTh CkKaBaTh «COBO», WhicTBie KeTOparo OyleTb aakr 
THUHO SHAaMeHATOMY <CesaM’b, OTBOPHCH!». 

VY, Borh, y act BCh OWIH NOKAOHHHRAMH HayEll H NOSHTHBACTAaM:. 
KaKb Tb, KOTOPHe XOPOMO 8HaIH, ITO TAKOG NOSKTHBHSM'S, TAKb M TB, B.~ 
TOpHe He OCOOeCHHO-TO XOpOMO s8TO BHaIH... Ho mam roan. Haysra: 
KOHEGHO, Abxala OFpoMHbie HCHBXH; ONHAKO, 9TH YCUBXY OAH Cl 
KOMb HHYTORHBI CPaBHHTCAbHO Cb ORMAHiAMA ThXD AWJe, KoTOpR | 
Onan yOBRIeHH, 4TO <BpeMeHa yaRe HCTeKAM»: MarH4ecKaro «Cesaarh 





Kb XAPARTEPHCTHESB COBPEMEHHHIXD TEGEAIB. 63 


TaKOW-me Kaikok, chpeHbkoH Hw MaOXeHbKOH, KakOW Oba H Opemre. 
Torga Hayaizacb peakuis. [losHTHBasMb NOTepANb EPeARTh. ApEO 3a- 
ropb1rach 3Bb3ha ujealn3Ma. Xopomiee cxOBeYKO OHAO— «N03HTHBEBMB»: 
OHO HaBOAHIO Ha MHICIb O YeM-TO COABAHOM', YICHUM, OCHOBATCXB- 
HOM... HO XOpomee CAIOBEURO H «HACAIH3Mb»: OHO CBA8A8HO Bh Ha- 
memMb yMB Cb YBMS-TO BOSBHIICHHNMS, HLCAIDHNIMh, HEOOLICHHEIND... 
TaKb NOWMY-OH OHO Ye HBCKOIDKY NOHCTaCKaBMeeCaA XOpomiee cIO- 
BeYKO He 3aM'BHATh HOBCHBKEMD XOPOMAMD CHOBEUKOMS... MI oTy sambuy 
cxbuaiu. Y Hach NOABHIACh HJCAaIHCTH BCX UBBTOBS H PabToBs. Ha- 
INH NHCaTei He OCO6eHHO BaO0THANCE O TOMS, ITOOH MPALATh BLIPaReHin 
<HJ€al43Mb» BOOIHS oper bIeHHHE CHICAS. Bb TOBPeMS, KAKb BETEPa’d 
aHbraificro# puxocopin lexpu Ceqayunh xanyerca (Mind, N. S., Ne 37) 
H& TO, ITO BIOYHOTPeOAeHie CIOBOMD «HTCAIH3Mb» CI'bAAIOCH «COBEpMeHHO 
HeBHHOCHMHIME», & [aileps COBCBMD OTKASHBAeTCA OTb HOAbSOBaHiA 
STHMb CIHIMIKOMS MHOTOCMEICICHHHIME TOPMHHOMb,—HallA HealHCTH 
H38XaWTb COuPpHHES, Bb KOTOPOMB YTS He KaIHH aBTOpY Mpasaerh 
CBOH CMEICIS TePMHHY BaearusMs. Ho sTOTh COOPHHES HalpaBleHh 
POTHBE UOSHTABHSMA, H NOSTOMY OHS HMBETS YCIBXd: Bb ALCAIUCTH 
OXOTHO 880HCHBabTca BCS, OmnJaWDie HOBarO MA@rH¥eCKaro COB... 
_ OJHakO, HMCHHO BCIBACTBie MHOTOCMHICACHHOCTH TEPMBHA WlealHsMs, 
Nepexoyb OTb «MApRCH8M& Kb WilealusMy», COBepIICHHHH YcCTbIO 
Hamel HHTCIIHTeHDIM, He MO OHTb AIA BCBXS OHHAKOBO Ipog- 
HHMb. Okas8ax0cb, YTO Cpe STHXb «HJeCaIACTOBb» CYMIECTBYHTS 
WAM, KOTOPHe CB ropasxo OOISIIMME OCHOBAHIeMS JOIRAH OnIH-6H 
HaShBaTbcad- MHCTHEAMH. A MHCTHIH8MB MOI UPMBICKATh YMHI y- 
O1MKkH Cb eme Oorbme curio, wbMb BAeaAdH3M'b, yRe BCIBACTBIE 
cBoeH Oombulef MpoOTHBONOAORHOCTH NO8HTHBHSMY. 

ONHOBpeMeHHO Cb AIOIbMH, NeEpeMeIMHMH Kb PeXHTIOSHHM ciie- 
KYASIiSMb «OTb MAPECHSMA», HallldJach rpyoma WucaTese#, npumej- 
IHX Kb peAHTid BHM yTemb (r. Muncrii, Hanpambpt, cHa- 
Yala CO3laIb CBOW MEOHHYECKYN MHIOcCOPIN, a NOTOMb yRe—HE OT- 
KA3HIBasCh OT MCOHH3Ma—BOO0OpasHIb ceO6A MAPRCHCTOMb, XOTA H 
He Hajorro). MU TakamMb o6pasoMb cossanoch Y Hach TO peanriosHoe 
TeveHie, OMbHKOK KOTOParO MHI HW HRelatH-Ob sabATeca. 

IlocrosHHwe auTaTeiH «Pycck. Bor.» sHakOMH yxe ch IeOeqHHO 
ihcupio Baagumipa Conzopbepa, cb eru «OnpaBsaniems Jlo6pa», ko- 
TOpOMY OnIZa MucBamleHa craTha Bb Ne 10 «P. B». 3a 1897 r. Onn 
SHAKOMH Take H Cb KHAO r. Masckaro <Pesuria Byzymaro», o 
KOTOPOH OHI Wand oTYeTD BE NOY «P. B.> 3a 1905 rogp. Teneps 
MBI XOTHMSB MOSHAKOMETH HAMIHXh YATaTe1eH Cb HOBHIM®D IIpPOABIenieMb 
TOTO He HanpabszeHia, cb EHBrOH r. Bepasespa «Honoe pesnriosHoe 
co3Hanie A OOMeECTBEHHOCTD». 

«HanTa 8Ta,—TOBOPHTb aBTOpb Ha cTp. VI—VII,—Hanpapiena 
IPOTHBS TPOXb ACTOPHYECKHXD CAIh, TpeXb MOFYIHXB TeyeHilf, cxo- 
JAMUXE CO CICHL H BCTYMavMexb Ha coeHy ucTopig: 1) porns. 
cTapol, oMepTBbBiici OecpRBH, cTaparo, OCTaHOBABIMaroca peHrios- 


64 m1 MOKIEBCKEI HH. 


Haro COSHaHia H OCBANeHHOH HMB YTocyxapcTBeHHOCTH, 2) MpoTHED 
'TOSHTHBU8MAa H ATCH8Ma, CTaparo palioHaxmcTuYeckaro cosHaHia # 
OCBAMCHHOH HMB COMarb-FeMOKpaTHueCKOH ame-perHTid, 3) NPOTHED 
aHAPXHYeCKaro MppallioHasH3Ma, XaOTHYecKOH MHCTHEH H OCHOBAaE- 
Haro H& HHXb O6MeCTBeHHAarO HUTHIH3sMa». TakoBb OTPHIaTeAbHHit 
MOTHBE pagoTH Tr. BepyseBa, e& paspyMlHTerbHaga cTopoHa. A BOTS 
H MOTHBB NOJORHTOABHHA: «CosHanie Oans0cTH kB Bory, cosHanie 
Toro, 4TO MH—~ybTH Boxbu, a He pabHl, ecTh McHXOaOTHUeCKad NOX- 
104B& MOHXS peauriosHo-Pusocopckaxs uje. Camoam6unit Oyxrs 
mpotus® Bora He apacTokpaTHyent, He Ox1aropoxent. Llosropan, 
YASBICHHOCTh 2Ta, TULCCXaBHOCTh 8Ta—HHS8E0e COCTOsHie. Pamapckag 
BbpHocTs Bory, OTny cBoeMy poaHoMy—upekpacute, Oaaropozute» 
(crp. VI). 

TlosHakoMHBOIH GTaTefi Ch NOAORHTCIBHHMS H OTPHUaTeAbALMS 
MOTHBaMH, NO6yAuBMAMA YT. Bepxgepa HalucaTb CBOKO EABIY, MH 
yRamemb cefivach-me H HA MCTONS, KOTOPHMS MOAb30BaICH ABTOPD 
pH BEpadoTEs cBoero yyeHia: «bByly1b, KOHEYHO, TOBROPHTB—c006- 
njaeTh HaM aBTOpb Ha crp. V,—93TO HaeH Moe KHHTH 6e3,0Ka3a- 
TCJbHH H He HayIHH, HO CaM He SHalTh, ITO TOBOPATb, CaMH He 
O60cHOBaAH, YOBAUTeCIbHO-1H, 8ApasHTeCIbHO-AH, HCTHHHO-1H TOIBEO «0- 
kasaTeibHoe». JlokasaTeXbHa-1H HCTHHA H YTO Tako0e 9Ta MpecsoByTas 
HayiHad JokasaTeJbHocTh? A TO, @CIH HCTHHAa YCMaTpHRaetTca H 
BHIUTCH, HO HE BHIBOAHTCA WH He JOKASbiBaeTCa?» 

OTHMH TPCMA XapakTePHNMU WATaTaMH, HaxbwWCch, MH Cpasy BBO- 
JHMb HAUlAXb 4HTaTexeH BB caMyw rxy6b MipoBosspbuia r. Bepiasesa 
H, TAEHME OOpasoM, JaeMb AMS BOSMOMAOCTh OHICTPO OpieHTHpo- 
BaTbhcd UpH Jaababiniemb wsx0mewin ueH aBTopa. 

YntTaterp we 6yxeTh yxRe cCMYMAaTbCa GOesokasaTeIbHOCTbW yT- 
Bepaxrenifi r. Bepaseba, He 6yxeTh OMMMATh OTH Hero AOTHUeCKaro 
o6ocHOBaHIA cBOero yyeHis, HOO OHH BCersa OyzeTS NOMHATL BOMpPOCt 
apTopa: «A 4TO, eCAH HCTHHA... H He JORa3sHBaerTca?» 

OxHakoO, H TB YHTAaTedH, KOTOPHe COrkacaTCH IPAMHPHTECA Cb 6es- 
JOKA8AaTCAbHOCTEH yTBepayeHi r. Bepysesa, ONTh MOMETS, OYAYTS cMy- 
ICHh, KOr,a SaMbTAT, ITO HM, CBEPXb TOFO, AH HEMOHATCHE camut 
CMOICAS STHXS YTBOPAIeHI#. BL camoMt whxb, HAaYHeME XOTH OW Ch 
NpesqnolomeHiA ABTOPa, ITO HCTHHA He AOKASHIBACTCA, & YCMATPHBAeTCS, 
HW MOCTapaeMCA BHIACHATb ceOb CMHCAB STOO sasBleHia. Yxe TOTS 
akTb, ITO YEIOBBED, OTPHNAWMH AOKasaTeAbCTBA, UBWeTE WbIyD 
KHHTY, Bb KOTOpoOH MOCTOAHHO WomayawTca ClOBa: <HOO>, «<Takb 
EAKb», <IOTOMY ITO», «CABAOBATCALHO»—yRE OHO STO OOcTOATesb- 
CTRO 8aCTAaBIAeTh Hach HeAOyMBBAaTH, Kako cMbicYh CABLyeTS WpwAa- 
BaTb STOMY OTPHWani aBTopa. Ho sToro Mat0: mm caModlA cAoea, 
NPU NOMOUWU KOMOPRXLS HAUS ABMOPs 3aABAAEMS, 4MO uUcMUna HE 
OOKAZYEMCA, ABNAWMCA NonvwmKok nNpusecmu DoKxasamesecmeo, <A 
UTO, CCIM HMCTHHA YCMATPHBaeTCA, &@ He AORashBaeTCa?> OTHMH CXO- 
BaMH aBTOPh Xovemsd Ooxazams, wmo HenssA Doxasvieams... Yume 





RB XAPARKTEPHCTHES COBPEMEHBSHIXD TRYERIH. 65 


AaBHO OHIO MpoBosrzameHo: «credo quia absurdum est» (BbpW, 10- 
TOMY 4TO 9TO HeXBNOCTS), H TAaBHO Takme GOHAO Yka8aHO, ITO 9sTO 
SHAMCHHTOS SasBieHie camo ce6a DomupaeTB, OxaTOxapaA TOMY, 4TO 
Bb HMB @CTh MAaX@HBKOG CAOBEIKO: «quia» (NOTOMY 4TO), KOTOpOe H 
SABASCTCH UPHSHBOM Kb AOTHES, RB ROKASATEABCTBY. Telepb, cllycTs 
MHOFO cTorbriff, r. Bepysesh nostopsers oma6ny Tepryziana & aeTD 
HaMb YTBepmeHie, IpOTHBOpbiamlee camomy ce6b uw, crbgopaTexsHO, 
aumeHHoe cunicua. He cnacers r. Bepysesa u UpHsHanie cymecTBo- 
BaHif MHCTHYeECKATO WOsHania. «MucTuka,—TroBOpHTb AaBTOPh Ha CTD. 
XIII,—yrsepxjaeTs HeNocpexCTBeHHYH WaHHOCTS OHTIa, OesrpanH4- 
HocTh OnTificTBeHHarO ONHITa, ACINTHBabie OHTia, OTPHUAeTh rpaHy, 
OTAbMwMia CyOBERTS OTS OOBERTOBE; HO HHTYHTHBHO-MBCTHYECKOe 
10sHaHie OHTIA SAaTpYAHAeTCA MiPOBHM paclalOMb, paspHBOMS, HC- 
TIOPYeHHOCTEH Mipa, MEX BCe He He BAUME HomecTsa 4 YBAAUM'S 
CTO OKOHYaTeAbHO AHMb NO upecépaxenix mipa». CopamuBaerca, BCS 
YTBeEPRICHIA, SAKIWYANMisca BH oTOH WHTATb, ITO OHH, UPOCTO AMIS 
YCMaTPHBaWTCaA A AbrawWT¢A ceflyack-me AAA Hach aGcOINTHO JOCTO- 
BBPHHMH, HIH HYKAAWTCA CMC Bb KAKOMS-1H60 ROKRAsATeAbCTBS? Ho 
STOO mato. PascMOTPpHME BONpoch rxy6aee HH CIPOCHM, Kakoe pas- 
anvie MERAY «yCMOTPbHiemB» H «JOKABATeIBCTBOMB». Mab MOFYTS 
CkasaTb: «BoTh OKOIO BaCh ACHHTH KHHTA YL. BeplseBa, BB PyEB y 
Bach lepo, KOTOPHMD BH IHmMeTe, 2 Nepexb BaMH OyMara, 00 KO- 
TOpoH BEI NaMeTe—BCe 9TO YCMATPHBACTCA BAaMH, & He AOKAsHBaeTCa 
BaMb, H, ONHAEKO, BO BCe STO BH HelOKOAe6OHMO BBpHTe». Ho Jake 
TakoH camu upocro# cxryyai usobpamen® srbcb He BUOXHS TOWHO; 
H YTOOH BCKPHTb TY HETOUHOCTH AOCTATOUHO TOABKO CUPOCHTS: YSNB 
OTAHYACTCA TOTE cAydai, kOorga a FhHCTBATeABHO BURY KAUTY, FbH- 
CTBHTCIBHO AepKY WepO Bb Pykaxt, FhacTBATeABHO NMMy Ha Oymars, 
OT TOTO CIyias, KOIa MH'B STO TOABEO CHHTCH, HAH KOIMa & rai- 
awunHEpyH? Torgza Jerko o6HapyHTCH, 4TO, DOBHABMOMY, mpocTok 
MakTb: «f BHRY Depexs coOok KHBTY», Bb CYMHOCTH ABIHETCH JO- 
BOIbHO CIOKHHMS IPOMeCCCOMh, 8akINWaWMuMb BR ceOB cympenie u 
ev.600%. CiBJOBaTeABHO, YEO BXBCh, Bb CaMOMS SICMCHTAPHOME CAY- 
yah nosHania, HaxolHTca MBCTO 218 AOKasaTeabcTBa. Ho, BBAb, 9TO 
camnft oleMeHTapHH cayyait nosHaHia, & Kakb OOCTOHTS FbIO UpH 
RPyruxt MeHbe oseMCHTAPHHX clywasxt? BosbMems, HallpuM bps, 
BHIMeCUpHBeAeHHOS yrBepxeHie r. Bepazsepa, YO «HETYHTHBHO- MACTH- 
yeckoe NosHanie OnITiA BATPYAHAeCTCA MIPOBHMb paciajOMb, paspLl- 
BOM, HCIOPYeHHOCTSH Mipa» u CIpocuMb cebs, ITO eTO, Mpocroe 
ykKasaHie, Bpoxb: BOTS EHHTa, BOTS nepo? PasBb MH MpH 9sTOMB He- 
TIOCPeACTBEHHO BOCIPHHEMACNS H «HHTYHTHBHO-MBCTH4eCKOe 108Ha- 
Hie» (Kakb BOCIPHHHMAeCMS KATY) H CFO «saTpyAHeHie» (KAR BO- 
CIIPHHHMa2eM, ITO KHATA tercums Ha cToXb) u «MipoBo# pacnays, 
PaspHIBB, HCMOPYeHHOCTS Mipa» (ONATb-TAaKH, KaKb BOCUPHHUMACMB 
KHury)? 

Ho craHem’ Telleph Ha HEY TOUKy spbuia. He 6yzemsb KpuTH- 

®espanb. Orta Il. o 


66 Tl. MOEKRIEBCEKEI B. 


KOBaTL yTBepaRreHifi r. Bepisepa Cb TOUKH Bpbuid YCTAaHOBXeHAHXS 
Haykoit NpaBuXb MHIMIIeHiag, a UpeqiOAOKAME, TOT. bepxaeBs pass, 
u HOCMOTPHMS, ITO me COGCTBEHHO OH yrBeparaers. -[] pexno10RHMt, 
CxrbyopaTexbHO, 4TO ABHACTBHTCIBHO, BCHRAA MCTHHA Ae MOKASHIBaeTCs, 
@ ycMaTpHBaecTca, H NOCMOTPHMS, ITO H3B 9TOTO BHTeKaeTB. II[peano- 
JOKHM, HAIPEMBpPb, ITO CUPAaBeAABBOCTh yTBepmienia Tr. Bepazsaera: 
«VIHTYHTHBHO-MHCTHUeCKOe OsHanie OnTIA BaTPYAHAeTCA MIPOBHMS 
pactayOMb, paspHBOM, HCHOPYeHHOCTEW Mipa», ITO CUpaBeLALBOCTS 
STOrO YTBEPRACHIA YCMATPHBaAeTCH HaMH TAKb-Ke HelocpeACTBeHHAO, 
Kak H CIpaBeAXHBOCTL ykasaHid: <«BOTh KHHTa», «BOTH Mepo», z 
CIIPOCHME ce6s: ITO HBB VTOTO cabayers? 

Iipeayxe Bcero 48% eTOrO cxrbayerT® camu Kpafnifi pearH3Ms, BD 
CpeAHOBBROBOMS CMEICIB OTOTO CAOBa, T.-€. MH JOIRHH IWpexilos0- 


HTL BB TAKOMS Cayyab, YO HalH MOHATIA He BHpadaTHBanics 


KakHMS OH TO HH OHAO O6pasz0Md, a OTS, BBEA CYMCCTBYWTS, Bb Ea- 
WeCTBB BIOSJHB CAMOCTOATOADHHIXB  HHAHBEAYaAbHOCTel, KOTOPHA 
HYKHO TOKO <yCMOTPBIb». CymecTByeTb, CABAOBaTeIbHO, H Takad 
BUOIHS HEAHBALYaIbHad PCAAbHOCTh, KAKb «HHTYHTHBHO-MHCTH YeCROe 
nosHanie» (Ha moxobie Toro, Kakb CyMecTByeTb EKHHTa) H «MipOBol 
pacnarh», H <paspHBB», H «<HCNOpyeHHOCTA Mipa», NOXOOHO TOMY. 
Rakb, 10 Opescrapszenin Tomepa, «<Bpaxla>, Bb RavecTBB BUOsHS HE- 
AUBHAyaIbHaro CyMecTBAa, AeTata cpeqH BPAKAYWUWAXE awszel. gro 
COBEpMeHHO HeEOOXOAHMO BHTeKAeCTh HSB YTBepRAeHiA FT. Bepasesa, 
H6O OHS He AOUYckaeTS HHEAKOH eupadomxu ToHATi# (HHade OM 


AOxmeHD OLLTb-ObI AOMYCTHTL H OoKxasamerocmeo T1paBHAbHOCTH 3T0i | 


BHIpPaooTKH), & UPHSHACTE JBM yomompronie HX. 

Ho gxarbe u3% eToro-me crblyeTs Ipuswanie NoAHOH OesnoaesHocTz 
HaykH. M60, corzacno r. Bepazsesy, yen, nawymifi KAHTy, nocTr- 
DaeTh Bb CYMHOCTH Takb, KAKb NOCTYNHIL-OW, HANPHMBPd, KTO-aNk, 


KOTOPHH Bb JaHHHH MOMCHTS IpAlest-6H BO MHS HM CTaxB-OH MHS) 


YEaSHBaTb: «BOTh IHCbMeHHEIH CTOXb», «BOTh EHHTa fr. ‘beprsesa. 


<BOTh Hepo»>, <BOTh YPHHAbHHMa» HT. A. A, KOHEIHO, SANBEXE-OK | 
CMY, ITO He HMBH HHKAKOH HaXOOHOCTH BB NOJOOHHXL YkKASAaHIAXD. 


Ho xame H STO CpaBHeHie cza6o. M60, Bbab, MH SHAM, ITO A MOTT 
H OMMOaTLCH OTHOCHTCIBHO CBOHX® BocIpiaTi#. Hanp.,a MOory AyMats. 
WTO BUHAY WAOBKA, TOMA Kab, HA CaMOMDE J(bxb, BURY HOB er 
usoOpaxenie Bb sepkarb, HIH Mpocto ame raliwusHApyH. Cxbac- 
BaTeAbHO, HBKOTOPY!O UPOBBPEY Jake MOHXh HelOCpeACTBCHHHIX'S Bir- 
upiaTifi, HBEOTOpOe Doxasamenccmso UX UCTHHHOCTH @ AOMREHS I- 
IYCTHTb, a, BBA, Tr. BeplaeBh saAbiaeTb, YTO OD BOOOMe BH & 
EBaKHXb JOKasaTeibCTBaxt® He HyRfaeTca. CoBpeMeHHHH pyccKif te 
OPeTHEb MHCTHUeCKATO TOsHaHia Lr. JloccKifi nocrynaeTh 61aropasyMHt 
r. Bepasesa (0 BHArs r. Jlocckaro cu. «<P. B.» M10 sa 1907 rr 
Tr. Jlocckifi, KOHeIHO, ABIAeTCA H PealHCTOM® (Bb CpeqHeBhEOM'S cMBCI 
CI0BR) H IPOMOBbIBHROMS HeNOCpeACcTBeHHAarO HATYHTHBHALO NO3Hawis, 
HO OHB OCTaBIAeTS ceOb MaJeHBKYW Jasetiky: OH yTBepRAAeTS, I 





Kb XAPAKTEPHCTHESD COBPEMBHHBIXD TEWEAIH. 67 


TpeAMeTH JaNTCH HAMS BS BOCHPIATIH, XOTA H BS NOAAMHHHES, HO 62 
nedughpepenyuposannomn 6udn. Takuws o6pasoms, r. Jlocckifi ocra- 
BAAeCTh MBCTO H LIA MOKASATCIBCTBA, H JAA HAyRH, 3alayH KOTOpOH, 
10 €FO CIOBaMb, COCTOATS BE AUPPepeHUBpOBAHiA OSTHXS HeLUdde- 
PCHOHPOBAHHNX®S BocupiaTi#. Heabsa crasaTb, wTobn r. Jlocckifi 06- 
HapyYRHAB SXBCh WOCKBAOBATEABHOCTS MHIUACHIA; HO BO BCAKOMS Cay- 
aah, Ozarogapa stot GxaropasywHol MmpexycMOTPHTeABHOCTH, OH He 
OKaSHBaeTcd Bb TAakOMb OessaMlHTHOMS NosOMeHin, EARL T. Bepssess. 

Ho # eToro Bcero eme Manto. JonycTuMs, 4T0, eCaH-OH Mipb He 
GHIE «<HCHOpien'b», eCCIH-OHI He MPOHSOMAO «MIpOBOrO paciiagza», TO 
MBI HENOCpeACTBeHHO «Baybiu-6H BomecTBo» uw HeMOCcpeACTBeHHO 110- 
CTHTIH-68H BCB HcTHHH. Ho, Bbab, Mipb <HCHOpyeHb», «pacnarb» 
IpoHsoMerb, & Bb TAKOMB cayyab H HeNocpescTBeHHOe YCMOTpBHie 
H@BOSMORHO, H Hallb «HCUOpYeHHHi» yMb He MOMETH OGOHTHCH 6esb 
AOKasaTeIbCTHS. BbAb, BomecTBO MH YBHIHMb «<OKOHYATCABHO JH 
10 Mpeo6paxesin Mipa», a MOKA «TOABKO CBATHe Ha BBICIIHX CTY- 
N€HAXE PeCAHTIOSHAFO BKCTA8Aa JOCTHTAAH HeNOCPeACTBCHHATO HOSHAHIA 
bora, kakb pesyabTaTa HemocpexcTBeHHOH Ox1nsuCcTH Kb HeMy. Bean- 
nie PuA0comH DosHasarn Bora unmessexmyansnot unmyuyiei, HO 
Bce elfe He BuxbaH ero» (crp. XIV, upuMbaanie). Mu ne Oyzemws 
OCTAHABIHBATLCA HAl’b TOHKHMD OTARYICMS MeRIY «HEMOCpesCTBeHHHNS 
0sHaniemb Hora» cBATHMH H NosHaHiewb ero PHACCOPaMH pA No- 
MOMH BCCFO AHDIb «<HHTOISCRTVAABHOH HHTYHUIA>, HO OTMBTAMD AHI 
TOTh PakTb, ITO, OVEBHIHO, MIPS TAKS OesHakeRHO «HEMOPIeHS», ITO 
Hae «BOMHRIC MHAOCOPH» Cb HX MOFYMecrBeHHOK «HHTeLACKTYaIb- 
HOH HuTyHOieH#» HecHOCO6H NosHaTh NOAHOH HCTHHH. A Bb TakOND 
cayiab, kaxb oGofimemca MH 6e3b pascymnenif uM WOKA3aTEABCTBS, 
QTOOH OTAHYHTS HCTHHY OTS 3adayaxyeHia? Borb, Hanp., r. Bepasess 
YTBCPRAAETH, YTO «HATYHTUBHO-MACTHUECKOS WOsHanie OHITIA 3aTPYI- 
HaAeTCA MIPOBHIME paciaxOMb», H STO WIA HerO HCTHHA — Hellocpel- 
CTBCHHO HM'b YCMATPHBACMAs, & A, OHITh MOKETL, BCABACTBIP <HCHOp- 
YeOHHUCTH Mipa», JyYMaW, YTO «HHTYHTHBHO-MHCTH¥eCKOe TO03sHaHie» 
CTh aHnTasif NXOXO-AHCIHUABHHPOBAHHALTO yma. HuTh MoReTS, 1OCrB 
«Ipeo6paxenia Mipa» 4 H YBHSY CBOW omAOKy, HO, OoKa MOK YMB 
BCe ele OCTaeTCA «<HCHOPYCHHHMS», 4H, NOLOKHM', OOpamlanch Eb 
T. Bepasesy cb mpocb60n BHACHHTS MBB Moe 3a6ayaReHie. ITO MO- 
HKETL OTBSTHTE MAS fr. Beplsenh, JHMeHHHH papa 4TO-1n00 OKa- 
SHBaTb? PasBb OHO TOABKO: «TepibHie, Tepnbuie, tTepimbHie 70... 
peo6pameHia Mipa, & TAaMb YH BCE CABAACTCA OYCBHAHLIN'D>. 

Bp xpesuelt ['petiin oOHHD DOcabAOBATeCALHHH CKeEQTHRD MOHSS, 
WTO BCAKO® CAOBeECHOe BHpaeHie sakzwiaerTb BB ceOb Kakoe-1H00 
yrBepxeHie; a TAaRb KAaRG [haath kKakia-1H60 yrBepmleHia BIOIHS 
NOCABAOBATeABHOMY CKeNTHKY He MOAaraetTcs, TO sTOTb BUOAHS NocIb- 
JOBATCALHHH CKENTHKD A pb He MPOHSHOCHTS HH C10Ba, & TOABKO... 
MOIS M4XaTb albieMb. JyMaeMb, 4TO OHD He OHI BIOARS n0cAb- 
AOBATCIDHHMS CKENTHEOMD, Aame AWb MAXad NaXbIpMs. Ho Bo BC&- 

. 5* 





68 TN MOEKIEBCEI &. 


KOM Cayiab, OHb OHI ropasgo nocabgopateabHbe r. Bepgsesa, x0- 
TOpHH He NOHAXS, ITO, OTKASABIIBCh OT AOKASATeALCTBS, OHS JOUKCHS 
6HXb-OH OTKAZATBCA H OTB eCania KHHTH. 

Mu OCTAaHOBHAHCh H& STOME BsTaaib r. Bepasesa Ha AOKAasaTeab- 
CTBO HE TOALKO NOTOMY, 4TO 8TO—OCHOBHOM BONpPOCh AA Cymnonis 
QO JOCTOHHCTBB efO KHATH, HO elle H NOTOMY, ITO Bb AQHHOMD C3y- 
uab r. BepageBs SBAReTCH BHpPAsHTeAeMS Whxaro TeyeHia. I[pespx- 
TCALHHH BOUpOCS Hallero aBTopa: «4To Taxoe sTa mpeckosyrad Ha- 
YIHad AOKABATOALHOCTL?> ABARETCA TENeCPh BEChMA MHOTHMH H Haxo- 
JHTb OTEIHES BL YMAXb WYOAHKH Bb KRAICCTBB AHTHTeSH <NOGHTH- 
BH8My H HayywHOcTA». Ho pA sTOMS OOHKHOBCHBO sa6HBaWTb, ITO, 
CCIH-OH «HayWHad AOKASATEALHOCTL» H Ona BIOAHB ABCKDEAHTADO- 
BaHa, TO OTb STOTO BHHTParb-OW TOIBKO aOCOANWTHHIA CKeCIITHOHSMS, 
& OTHWAb HE «<MHCTHUECKOe NOsHanie», BBOAEMOG KOHTpadaHAOH; sa- 
OHBAWTS, TO CYMCCTBOBAHIe <MHCTHUCCKALO 03sHaHif» TAKb-me 
IIPHXOMBTCA «JOKASHBATS», RAK H CYMCCTBOBAaHIG HAaYYHXb HCTHES. 

Ham) HBTS Ooxbe HAaOOHOCTH OCTAHABIHBATECA Ha usocodcrok 
cropoHb yyenia r. Bepasesa. [losamia acuo o6pHcoBaHa, OcHOBHOe 
ToxomeHie YCTAHOBACHO, H BCG, YTO MOKHO OHIA0-Otl CKAsATL AabUle, 
6H20-6H, BS CYD[HOCTH, AHIMb NOBTOpeniems UpexAWAyMaro. Ecan acTHHAa 
HE JOKASHBaeTCH, & YCMATPHBAeTCH, TO, BCTPbiad kakoe-1H60 yrBep- 
mieHie aBTOpa, MBI He MOXCMb 8AaXaBaTb BOUpOca, NpaBHAbHO-AB 
o6ocHOBaHO STO YTBepRAeHIe, & AOXRHL ABW COPOCHTh ce6a # IH- 
ratereH: yCMaTPHBAeCTCS IH HAaMH 9Ta HCTHHA, HAH HBTb; A CCAH OKa- 
ROTCH, ITO HCTHHAa HAaMH He YCMATPHBACTCA, TO HAM OCTACTCA JHE 
TepIbIHBO ORHARTE HaMero upocebrrbuis, oObManvaro Hams Yr. bep- 
JgeBHMS... 1px Bropows [pamectsin. 

IlostoMy MH MepeliqgeM® KB IPOCTOMY HGXOReHIW YHCTO pexH- 
riosHo cropoHH yueHia Bepagepa, T. e€., He Kacagch BONpoca o 
TOMS, BbpHO HXIH HeBBPHO ero pexuriosHoe yyeHie, NocTapaemca 
BHACHUTb, Bb YM OHO COCTOHTB, H 4TO Bh HEM HOBarO. Korga, 
HalpuMbpt, MH mpowTaemb y r. Bepysepa (nactp. XVIII), 
"TO «BB Cros (PasyuB Jlorocb) MH HaxOAHMB ANeKBaTHOe OTPaxkeHie 
MipoBoi Tatu, MiPOBOTU CMBICZa, HO Bb HeMb 8akNOYeHa HO MepTBad 
palioHalbHad OTBACYCHHOCTb, & HHBOC, KOHKpeTHOe ObITie>, TO ME 
He OyeMb BHACHATS HA TOO, Kakb ysHaab FP. bepxseBb 06% sToms 
YAHBHTCABHOM®S paz06sareHih «MipoBoH Tatil», HH TOTO, ITO BEETe- 
KaeTh H3b 9TOTO OTEPHTIA. MH mpocTo OTMBTHNE akTb, ITO Tr. Bep- 
jaeBs, UpHnsBmift yrenie o Joroch, ThMb CaMHMb BEAWYACTE Ces 
BE HBBBCTHYH [pyNUY peAHTiOSHHIXh MHICAHTeAeH. TouHO Takxe, Hpo- 
"HTaBIH Ha cTp. XVII (npuwbyuanie) crbjywomia caopa: <ITO Xpua- 
crocb—Chiat Boxift, sTO KOHEpeTHWH akTb BcexeHckaro ObITig, a 
He TeOpid>, IPOWHTABIIH, IOBTOPAeM'b, OTH CAOBa, HE CTaHeME Bkixt- 
HATh BOMpoca 0 TOMS, 4TO-Re NOHHMAeTE I. bepkdeBh OAL BEapa- 
REHiCM, «KOHEPCTHHA MakTb», & AHDIL OTMBTUMD TO OOCTOSTCABCT BD, 


ED XAPAETRPHCTHES COSPEMEHHEIXD TEYERIG. 69 


“UTO 8THMS BaAdBICHiOMh OHS BRADIACTS CBOE yaenie BL rpyauy yqe- 
gift XpHCTiaHCKHXD. 

I’. Bepasesb MHCTHED; HO OHB Cb yRACOM’S OTBEpraeTh Hepesu- 
TiO8HYH MHCTHKY. «/KeraTh MHCTHEH H HO HClAATh peABTiH—TOBOPATd 
OHS Ha oTp. XVI—XVIIl—ymacunit camoo6maHt; 98TO 3HaHTh me- 
AaTb, ITOOH HHWTO HO NPOMCXOMMAO BS MACTHICCKOM CTHXIH, Re*aTh 
CIBNOTH H BsANsiOHHBMA, CTOAHIA Ha MBcTB wan OestcxoqHaro Epy- 
2KeHid, OTPHUATh BCAKOG TBOPYECTBO, BBAPATE cysbOy MHCTHEH Cy6B- 
€KTHBHHME MACTADARKAIAMS. ANOTMATHYeCKad MHCTHKA, TOpaAsmMasca 
CBOUMS cBOOOTOMOOieMS, ACTKO UIpeBpawlaerca Bb HacAxie Hab BO- 
AeH Kb CBBTY, Halb cBOOoxHOH maxpoh zBHseHia uw coOnTifi. PezuH- 
Ti0SHHe Ke «XOTMATH», B8aBOCBaHHbe HamleH cBo6o70H, He «cTaTH4e- 
ckie» & «<{HHaMHYeCKie> JOrMAaTH—osTO OGocTpeHie {Hamero BHYTpeH- 
HATO spbHia A COOHTIS, OTA 9TOTO OOocTpuBMaroca spbHia Mpoucmer- 
mid, PAaJOCTHHA, JaBHO KexAHHEIA BCTPbau». Ks oTOMy MBCTY aBTOPS 
AbIaeTL cablywMlee UpuMbiawie, WacTb KOTOParo MBI yKe THTAPOBAAL: 
«<QcHOBBHe JOrMaTH XpHCTiaHCKoM pexHTia—He Teopis, He KeH, He 
OTBACYCHHHA yieHia, a haxtw. Uro Xpacroch—CuHp Bomiit, sto KOH- 
KpeTani @akTb BcexeHCKAarO OHITI9, & He TeOpia». 

OTHMS fosunia r. Bepasepa BoOsHS OOpHCOBHBAeTCA: OH XDH- 
CTiaHHHt (41H HeO-XpHuCTiaHHH®, Kakb OH ceOd HASHBAeTS), HE TOABKO 
TIPHRHAWMA OCHOBHHe AOTMATH XpHCTIAaHCKOH pexHTi4, HO Name c4un- 
Tanmifi Hxb OFeBHAHHIMH «akTama». Heo-xpucTianugs r. Bepasess 
TBepAo Bbpywmit Bo Bch OCHOBHHIe AOTMaTH XpHCTiaHCTBa, JOUKeHS, 
KOHCGHO, IpHsHaBaTh A Berxit Sasbrs wu dasbrs Host w jormens 
HMeHHO HQ Hopoms Sapbrb crpouth cBoe pexuriosHoe yyenie. 3xbcp 
OHS ll0Ka HHYBMD He OOHapyRHBaeTE CBOeH OPHTHHAAbHOCTH, He BHO- 
CHTB HaYerO BoOBaroO. Ho aByMaA SaBbraMu OHS He OrpahnIHBae4rca, 
@ Harbetca Ha TpeTif SaBbrs. «Bce 3akOHYHAOCh JIA CTAPHXS AOr- 
MATHEOBS,—ITOBOPHTS OHD Ha cTp. XXIII,—a yexosbyectso craxo Ha 
mepTByl TOUKY. Mu xe BBPEMS BB HOBHA OTKPOBCHIA, KOM HXD 
Cb HHMH CBASHBACMh Hake Ha PeAHTIO8HOe BOspORAeHIe, Ha pedH- 
riosHiit HcxOlt 48% GorbsHenHaro KpHsHca». «MEH *x1OMb,—TOBOPATS 
r. bepases, Ha ctp. L,—orsposenit Cs. Jyxa o Hosoi oOmecTBeHHo- 
CTH, 0 pexuriosHOMb XONB BCexeHCKOH KYALTYPHI H peXHTiOsHOMS ex 
SaBepilleHia, RIOMb NpeosoNbuia JyarH3Ma perHria wo MipoBOH wHSHEH, 
HeOecHoH CBATHHH H seMHOH ucTOpin>. A cBOW KHuHTy r. Bbepysest 
BaKaHHBacTh CIBAYHMAMS mpopoyectBoms: «MH BL crapo# WepKBH, 
CoXxpaHuBiiel CBATHHW, H Bb CBBTCKOM KyAbTypb H OOmMeCTBeHHOCTH, 
HeSpHMO HakOUHBMe# HOBYH CBATHHW, AOIKeCHE NpowsokTH epeso- 
POTB KOCMHYecKaro NOpsyka, Mepexoxs wa NyTb G6orovexosbueckili. 
Siputcas Bb Mipb Oorovesosbueckiti mexTph, OT KoTOparo nofzeTL 
ponecct OsarofaTHaro saBepmenia ucTopia. [lepepopoTs sToTb He 
ecTb NOmHOBIeHie CTaparo, He CCTh ANTepanckad pedopManis, a He- 
COH3MBpAMO Oombmee: usM'bHeHIe HAaTypaabHO-YeAOBbyeckaro MopsAskKa, 
sanienxie NopsqKa GorogeroBbyeckaro» (cTp. 238). 


70 UW. MUKIBBCKI B. 


Bce oTo 6HAO0 ON, KOHEYHO, OYCHH XOpoOM0; HO, CipamHBaetca, 
Eakoe UMBEMS MH OCHOBaHte yTBeEPRAaTs, iTO Ta AhHCTBHTEAbHO Oy- 
JeTb, HAH, XOTA OB, YTO 9TO MOMETS CAYIMTECA,—KAKOC, NOBTOPAOME, 
umbemb MEI OCHOBaHie Ha 3TO HAXBSTBCK, KPOMB TOFV, ITO «BCe aTO 
61110 GH OYeHD xoOpomlo?» Ha sTO MH HHYeFO HO MOKEM OTBBTATS, 
ar. BepAseBb HaWh pRUumensno HuUNez~o NO SmOMY NOBODY HE CO- 
obwaem>. T. Beplaesh coo6maerh HaWb, ITO «OH HagbeTca>, ITO 
<OHb OXHAACTH>, ITO <OHb BSPHTh»>, HAKOHENS, sasBideTE u Oorbe 
KaTeTOpHYeCKH, 4TO <eTO OygzeTb». Ho novemy Onb Haxbetca H Bh- 
PHT, STOO OH HAM NU OONUMD CAOGOMD HE COodW4ZaemMe, BTO, KO- 
HeYHO, OH’ <YCMATPHBACTh», HO MOAUHTb, UPOAOCTAaBAdd HAM BCO 
aTO yCMOTphrs... OlaTb-TakH pH Bropoms Ipamecrsin, Tr. e. ups 
TOMS «ipec6pameHid mipa>, KOra BOSHNRAeCTE «GorovesoBbyeckifi mo- 
PAAORD>. 

Tsopnw Hosaro Sapbra, kakb HSBBCTHO, HPOKO YeplalH CBOR 
AokasaTeibcTBa usb SaBsbra Berxaro: Tab OHH HaXxOAHAH HW MOX- 
TBepayeHie CBOHX, CAOBb H IpopovwectBa, UpesckashipaBilia TB co- 
6nTid, 0 KOTOPHXS OHH CaMH Teflepb noBbcTBOBaaH. I’. bepzsens, 
IpHsHawmifi Bch OCHOBHHe AOIMAaTH XpHCTiaHCTBa, cInTaDMif Axs 
Jame Upocto dakTaMa, JOIKeHD OND ON MUCTapaTbCa BHACHETS 
CBA3b MOAY <BCCACHCEHMH axTama» Hosaro dapbra H OAHAQOMELNS 
HME HOBBHIIMME (TPeTDHMS) SaBbromb. Ho OTHOCHTeABHO STOIO OHS 
WhaaeTbh IAMb OfHO yKasaHie: «HK XHHCTBCHHaA XPHCTiaHCKagd EKHHYAa, 
TOBOPHT OH Ha CTp..230,—HelocpeACTBeHHO CBAsaHHAad Cb Mpomec- 
COMB, CO CMHICIOM H 8aBepHIeHieM HCTOPIH, eCTb ANOKaIHOCKCS, 
OTEpoBeHie cB. [oaHHa, RHETa UpOpoweckad, HCTOPHICCKEMS XPHCTiaH- 
CTBOMB elle He packpHTad H He BMBINCHHaS». JTHME H OpaHHUE- 
BalwTca BCH eTO YkasaHid; «<PpaCKPHTb H BMBCTHTD> ADOKAaIHICHCS 
Hallh aBTOph fie phulaeTcs, xoTa Ooxbe mecTH BBKOBD TOMY Hasay, 
eTY DOMHTKY <paCKPHTb H BMBCTHTS»> CAbIaXID Apyro# UpouosbAHHES. 
«Hopbimaro (tperbaro) SaBbra», aBTOPb CTOAb SHAMCHHTALO BS cpes- 
Hie Bbka <Bbunaro Esaureszia», Toxe Hameymi HMeHHO BB AlloKa- 
xuncuch ykasanie Ha rpagymit petit 3anbrs. ~ 

Ho HalllS aBTOPS OFPAaHHUHBAeICA ONHAMH BipaxenisMH HasemxE 
H YHOBaHid, OXD He Omscems HU MANiwer nonUmMKu Joticmeumess- 
HA20 PeAU2O3HaEO meoprecmea, OH AMI HAXbeETCA HA TO, YTO Hb- 
"TO HeBOOOpasHMO BeIHKOG UpousolizeTb, 2 NOKA 4TO, «<Bb Hagens 
ClaBH H JO6pa», UpoOapigeTca UpPOCTHMH CCHARUMH Ha Esagreazie, 
He xyxe AWO0F0, CTOAL MpesHpaeMaro HME, IPOTECTABTCKaro GoroczoBa. 
IjaTaTamu “8b Epanrezig, ykasabidMH Ha TO, ITO CKkasaib HAH TO 
cyblaib XPHCTOCh, Hall aBTOPb NOCTOABHO CpamaeTca, Kak HEMpe- 
OOOpHMEIME Opyxiomb. WM ofb nolbsyeTca DHTAaTaMH 48% Esanrexia 
He 21d PAackpHTiad cMbICIa rpsx_yMaro Tperbaro Sapbra, a Aid BbLAC- 
HeHia CMHICla daBbra ye HaM’ JanHaro. Bce TO BeCbMa DOXB&IbHO 
H IOHATHO Y XOpOlMlaro XpHcTiaHHHAa, HO BCe STO He BHOCHTS HHYeTO 
' HOBarO Bb Halle pejHTio3sHoe co3HaHie. Ho sToro Max0, UPHSHABMM 


Kb XAPARTEPHCTMES COBREMEBHHIXD TEVERIE. 71 


(KaKb MHI aTO ye BHXbIB), AITO XpucTiaHckie OrMaTH—<«eTO o60- 
CTpeHie Hallero BHYTpeHHArO 3pbHid»>, 4TO OHH BEYTS Kb «faBHO 
ReCIAHHHMD BCTPbiaMb», ATO OHH, HAKOHEIb, «He TeOpiH, He MeL... 
& PARTE >,—IPHSHAaBLIH BC STO, Hall'b ABTOPb UpPHHAIS Ha cea Takia 
oOasaTeIbcTBa, sHayeHie KOTOPHXS Ob, NOBHAHMOMY, 0X0 ce6b 
UpescrapaseTbh. VMN He AyMaeMb, ITOOH OHS, OCTABaHCch Ha 9TOH 
OSH, MOI Cb YcObXOMB BhepxaTh OopbOy cb KakHMb-1H60 
HCKYCHEIMB O0FOciOBOMb OAHOK H3b HHS oOdwyiaibHO cylecTByWw- 
IHX XPHCTIAaHCKHX, DepKsel. 

TakuMsb o6pasom>, Bb Jun’ r. Bepaseba MH He BAXUMD HH Ma- 
abime MoOmHTEH perBri0sHaro TBOpYeCTBa, BB AaB r. bepzsxeBa co- 
BpeMeHHOe peluriosHoe TeweHie Ha WaeTb Hallemy OOmecTBY HHYEFO 
Hoparo. Ja 4 Bb AMMS AH OMHOrO ©. Bepyzsesa!l Uro crbaars rop- 
QOCTh H Kpaca sTOrO HalpaBiesis, camb Buagumips Coxz0Bpesb?— 
Ilopropuxt, coycta Oorbe whut 16 Bbrost, guszocodin Laorana 
H UOBTOPHIS ee, BlOOaBOKS, NOceB TOTO, RAK ee NOBTOPHAN YO H 
Baagept, u IWiesmmnrs. Ilpasza, ob CYbaarb sTO DoBTopeHie BB 
61ecTameH auTeparypnok dopmb, HO eTOTO elle HefOcTaTOUHO Aas 
HACTOAMaro TBOPYeCTBa. 

PexnriosHoe TBOPYeCTBO OFeBHAHO uscHEIO. He TOIbKO Y Hach, HO 
HM HHS, BO BCEMB DMBEAMSOBAHHOMS Mipb MHY He MOKEMS HaliTH HA- 
GerO MaX0-MAaIbCEH OPHIHHatbHaro A HHTepecHaro BB OO1aCTH peAH- 
TiO3HOH MHICIH: MH{ BHIHME TOIBKO H1IH HEYHCTUNAOTHOe MpakcObcie 
IpecxOByTOH cekTH iOaHHHTOBb, HIM NAOCKYMO NOMA0CTA apMiH cla- 
C@Hid, H1IH, HAKOHeIS, TYMAHHOe NYCTOCAOBie MHCTHEOBD. 








~ Bt Hallemb oOmlecTBs OMHOBpeMeHHO Cb BOsOyHJeHieME perHri03HO- 
MHCTHUCCEHXS HHTeCPCCOBS 8HAYHTeCABHO YCHAHICA TakKe HU HATeEpech 
Eb NOIOBOMY BOIMpPOCy; OMHOBPeMeCHHO Cb KHHKKAMH MBCTHYCCKATO 
OJepKaHiA WOABHINCh BB HSOOHIIH H EHHTH TPakTyWMia O Nos0BOH 
3KH3HH; ONHOBPeMeCHHO CB s8acblaniama «pernriosHo - PuIOCOpcKarO 
O6MecTBa» BHXOHTS A KypHaIt «Boupocw Ilosa». Cymecrsyerh y 
Hach Take H NOJ0BOH MHCTHEDS, 9TO—CTO1b BHICOKO I'SHUMBIH ©. Bep- 
asesHMB Y. B. Posanont, KoTOpHi Bh NOIOBOM BONpPOCB BARTS 
KHIOUb Kb MHCTHYCCKOMY MOHHMAHI BCeIeHHOH. ITO COe,HHEHIC MH- 
CTHIM8MAa H SpOTH3M& HE TOIBKO He UpelcTaBiseTb HHUeErO CTpPaH- 
Haro, HO, Ha0O6opoTh ABARCTCH BOOIHS NOHATHHIMS H, CCIM XOTHTEC, 
HeoOxojuMHMd. M60 MUCTUNH3MD H SPOTHYECKOS YYBCTBO OFCHE OAHSEH 
Apyrb xpyry. Ba BecbMa uaTepecHok craThB «II cuxox0ria onnOH u3b 
rpyU0b XpHcTiaHCKuxb MHCTHKOBS», NomMbmeHHOH Ne 53 axnraifickaro 
Puxocopckaro xypHaia «Mind», cpash mMexJY MHCTHROH H NOJOBHIMS. 
4UYBCTBOMS [pHsHaeTca JO TakoH cTeneHH HeCOMH'BHHOH, uTO MUCTH- 
WHSMb PascCMAaTPHBaeTCA, KaKb Hppadianid WOAOBOTO UYBCTBa, a ME- 
CTHYCCELH OECTAaSb CYHTAeTCA ANOOBHHME TpaHcoMs (Kcstazy is... a 
love trance). 


72 Tr MOBERIEBCEI &L. 


IlostoMy He YAHBHTCAbHO, 4TO H MHCTHYCCKH HACTpocHHHH r. bep- 
ACB MOCBAMAeTS Bb cBOeH KHATS WhAyH raaBy <MerTabusuxs nora 
H AWOBH>, KOTOPYIO OHb H HAWHHACTS CAOBaMH: <Bompocs o noxb un 
ADOBH HMBCTL DeHTpasbwoe SHayenie AAA BCero Hallero pexHriosHO- 
(uLOCcOPCcKaro H PexHTi0sHO-oOmecTBeHHArO, Mipocoseplania» (crp. 156). 
A Ha crp. 165 MB wHTaem: «BAB MBCTHTOCKYD JiaAeRTHKY Moxa 
YCMATPHBAWTS axe Bb caMoH upHpoyb bomecrsa. Bech wmiposo# 
IpOMecch KOPeHHTCH Bb NOXB; MOTOMY MIPS COTBOPHACA H MpoORON- 
AACTCA, ITO Bh OCHOBB CFO ACKHTL ONS, ITO MHCTHUECKAR CTHXiz 
Mipa paciboaena, pasopBaka, M0AspHa». 

Bupovemb «<MeTa@asHka 106sH» r. Bepxgesa He AaeTh Ha’ HH- 
wero OpHraHasbHaro. Ilo cymlecrBy sto — losTOpeHie Toro, TO cka- 
8aXb yaxe oveHb xaBHO [LuaTOHb, H FTO DOBTOPHXb OYeH HeaBHO 
Baagumipt Coxopbest: 1060Bb CTE BHpameHie Hame mo10BsHUAaTO- 
CTH, CTPeMAeCHie Eb BOCHOAHCHIN, RexaHie BOSCTAHOBHTb CBONW HHIU- 
BHAYAABHOCTE IYTOMD COCAHHCHIA Cb Apyro#, usfaBHa HaWb pelqua- 
SHAYCHHOH NOAOBHHOH OAHOH Cb HAaMH HHABBHAyaabHOCTH. Boxrbys 8a 
IlxaTonoms r. Bepasesb Takme pasamyaerh AtbpogatTy HeOecHyw OTS 
A@poxaTH ByAbrapHok. APposuta BYAbTapHad COUCITBMECTBYeTh POKAC- 
Hin yhTe H, CYBAOBATeALHO, HOBOMY pobrsecHiD HHHBHAYaXbHOCTH. 
A@poxuta He6ecHad BexeTh JHU Kb «<MOXHOTH COBePIICHCTBa HHAH- 
BHAyadbHOcTH» (cTp. 162). 

Ecau peauriosHo-arocopckoe sHayenie 101a ACKHTS Bb DOAHOTS 
HHJHBHAyaXbHOCTH, TO BONpOCS O peanriosHo-oOmecTBeHHOME 3Ha4de- 
Hid 1048 NPHBOAETS HACh Kb pascMoTpbHiW comiasbHaro NOsOKeHIA 
RCHMUHL. Srbcb r. HepXdeBh BUCTYMaeTh PBOLATCALHHMS IPOTHBHH- 
KOMB COBPeMCHHOM MOCTaHOBEH BODpoca O ReHxcKOH o2MaHCHDain. 
«Q6esbaHHTh MYM WAHY, CTATh MYRIBHOH BTOporo copTa, OTpeqbca OTS 
MOHCKALO HavYala—BOTb Bb YMG DOAAAWTS YECTh RCHMUAN Depe- 
JOBHe OOPHH meHCKOH oManCHIanin» (crp. 175). <«<Bcb ora FSBUNH,— 
TOBOpATS Yr. bepxsesb Ha cTp. 176,—H38b sy6oBppaqe6HHXb KYPCOBh, 
HOTepsBMia OOABEKG ACHIIHHW, Cb HCTEPHYCCKOH TOPOMABBOCTAD 6+4- 
Tapia Ha BCh CXOAKH H MHTHHTH, UPOWSBOAATS OTTAIRuBAaWMTee | 
BUeVTABHIe,—9TO CYMMECTBA, He HM'BMOIA CBOerO <4>, O6eC3bSHH, MYX- 
WHHH TpeThAaro coptTa». 

VM stTakh, SCHMBHAMb He CXBAYCTS COBaTECA BD MyKCKIA Abaa. Ho 
qTO-Ke HMb ybiaThb? Bb weMb HX UpusBanie? Bs marepHucTBh? 
Hrs, oTsbiaers r. Bepasens (crp. 179) <mpussBanie sTO a BHAY 
He Bb pom*eHif H BCKAPMInBAaHiA: Abrel, a Bb YTBepRACHIA MeTAdHA- 
SH¥CCKAO HaY%akia MeCHCTBEHHOCTH>. II pusBanie, ONTD MORETL A BH- 
COK0e, HO, Kb COMAKBHIW, TakOe, CMLICXS KOTOParO AOBOALHO TPYAHO 
ysosuTb. He Ooxbe nokMyTt sxKeHIHHH cBoe HasHadenie H NOcKrB Toro, 
Kakb IPOWATaWTS Ha cTp. 179, 4TO «<HasHayeHie MeCHIHHN — kKOH- 
KPeTHO BOMAOMATS Bb Mipb BBIHYH REHCTBCHHOCTS, T. ©. OAHY HBB 
CTOPOHS OGomecTBeHHOH IpPHPOAH, HM STHMD NYTeMS BeCTH MIPb EB 
ao6oBHof rapMoniu, RB EpacoTb au cBoOomb». Toxaayl, wbckoxbKo 








Kb XAPAETEPHCTHES COBPEMEHAHIXD TEYEHIL. 73 


acHbe oOOpucyetca ReHMHHAME UX POAb, KOTMA OBB UPOWTaWTS Ha 
crp. 180: «Bess MucTayeckaro Biewesiaf KE 2eHCTBEHHOCTH, 608. 
BINOICHHOCTH BE BHIHYH MRMEHCTBCHHOCTL, MYRIHHA HAYETO He CO- 
TBOPHAD-Obl BB uCTOpiA Mipa, He 6Hx10-6n1 MipoBol KYyALTYpH: Oe3i0- 
xoe Bcerga GescHAbHO H GesqapHo. MymaaHa BCersa TBOPHA BO UMA 
IIpexpacnoH Jamu, 0Ha BAOXHOBIAeTD erO Ha DOABATS H COCAMHACTS 
ch zymot mipa. Ho Iperpacnaa Jlama, BBYHaH XeHCTBEHHOCTS, He 
MOMCTH OCTABATECA OTBACIeCHHOH upeeH, Ona Hen3s6baxHO IPHHAMAeTS 
KOHEPeTHY H UYBCTBEHHYH (opmy». HonewHo, MOHHO Cb HeOyMS- 
HieMb CIPOCHTS: Kakad «<KOHEPCTHAA H IYBCTBEHHAA opMa» BOOLY- 
Mebis1a, Halp., Hpwrona Ha OTEPHTIe 8akOHA BCeMipHAarO TATOTbHIA, 
uxu Kanta Ha cosfanie «KputTaku uncTaro pasyMa?» Ho, BbIb, OT 
r. Bepysepa AOKasaTeAbCTBS TpeHOBaTh HeABBA: CIBLYCTS OBOILCTBO- 
BaTbcad yee ThMb, ITO, NO Epatinelt mbpb, MOmHO NOHATH, 4TO, C06- 
CTBEHHO, OHS XO¥eTS CkasaTb. A XOUeTh OHS CKASATS TY JOBOIbHO Oa- 
HaAbHYIO BelIb, 4TO HaSHayeHie ReCHMMAH BOOLYMeBIATh MYRIHAY. 
SanaTie xXopomee, XOTA H HBCEOABEO HeompenbienHoe u, OnITb MO- 
KeTh, OCTABIAWMee CAHDIKOMS MHOFO MbcTa JIA CRYEH. CBepx>d TOMO, 
eCCIH ABIO HJCTS He O BEChMA@ HEMHOFHXh, ACKAWYATCALHHXS MYRIU- 
HaXb, ABIAULUXCA TROPHAaMH BS pasIHIHHXS OO1acTAXb yeAOBBYe-- 
CKO SA8HH, eCCAH AbI0 uJeTS 066 orpomHOH mMaccb OOHKHOBOHAH XD 
MYXWHHS H COCAMHCHHNXS Cb BHNH KEHMMHS (a, BbAb, Teopia Bep- 
seba UMBeETD Bb BUY BCBXE HOHMUHD), TO 8XBCb BOOLYMEBIAWMNEC 
SHAIeCHie RCHMAHS, OYGBHIHO, MOKCTh BHPASHTLCA ws TOLbEMOMD 
HHSHCHHAIO HACTPOeCHIN, oOOxaropamaBaniemb RXA8HH; &2 Bb TaKOM’h 
cayiab, moveMy Ob He CKA8aTb, ITO BXbCb (T. €., HOBTOPACMS, Bb M0- 
WaBIAWMeMh OOILMIHHCTBBS clyIaeB) H HasHayeHie MYMIBHAI — BO- 
OYMeBAATLD ReHMBHY. Bbab GxaropoyHas, WoAIas yeAOBbyecKaro 0- 
CTOHHCTBAa SHSHb TaKRe HYKHA H RCHMUNS, KABh H MYRIBAB. 

Ho ecaH EKOHEPCTHHIA KCHIMHHH H OYAYTS HBCKOILKO HEOBOIHEI 
TOM pOsbW, KOTOPyO HMDS OTBOLUTS T. Bepzaens, TO Bb yTbmeHie 
HME MOMHO CKA8ATb, ITO POAb «HCHCTBEHHATO Havas» 0 ACTHHS 
G6sectama. «Ilycts KCHDI|MHH,—TOBOpHTS Vr. Bepxsest Ha cTp. 180,— 
Wa0xie MalOMATHEH H AOTHEH, Ml0xie MOIHTHEH H MOCpeACTBeHHHIC 
XYAOHHHEH, Bb HEX TARTCA MYAPOCTh BHCIad, IhMb BCARAA MaTe- 
MAaTHRA M WOsuTHEAa. Best Hayala HeHCTReEHHOCTH, Gest apiodmenis 
Kb HOMY HHKOr{a He AOCTHTHYTS OKOHYATeIbHATO HHTYHTHBHATO 8Ha- 
Hid H 3aTPYIHAeTCA I1IYTh Kb DepkBu, kakb Hesbcrb Xpucrosol. 
TIoxo6Ho Tomy, kak® Jibpa Mapia okasazacb BocnpinmauBO Bb yxy 
BombemMy, H eHCTBeHHAA MipoBad AyMa oTXacTca GomeCTBeHHOMY 
Jlorocy, H CTaHeTS DepKOBbIO». © 

VM rank, NYcTh MCHMHHH TepobAKBO RAYT TOrO BeAuKAarO MO- 
MCHTa, KOPa «ROHCTBCHHAA MipOBad Aya oTAAacTcA OomecTBeHHOMY 
JAorocy»—tTorga H ROHRPCTHHA KeHMAHH WOHMYTS, HAROHCITb, CMBICAD 
cBoero CcymecTsoBania! 

Nl. Moxiescrii. 


74 A. TETPHOIEBD. 


XpoHuka BHYTPeHHeNM 2KM3HH. 


1. Uponecct yeThipexb reHepatoBb.—Ykpbonenie HeonpexbuesHaro Tula, 
HeBSBBCTHO KOMY DOXYHHEHHOS.—Bceo6ulee yKAoHeHie OT OTBSTCTBEHHOCTA. 
—ITloprs-Aptypckas anmapxia.—2. Bnina-an uaubuai—Kakb Boopymaetca pyc- 
Ki d10Th?—O6pasoBaTexbHHA ypOBeHb apMi uw GxXOTA H, Bb WACTHOCTH, Fe- 
poest Crecceziaybi.—BesBnxoqH0e apotusopbiie.—3. 5'/, muaxiapzoBt wa 
apMin uw @a0orh.—JlenytaTH BO Bpema Bakauif.—Boxbmof uxzaws 2418 Jlymn. 
—I]porasopbiie mexyy cosqaniem® BOCHHOA MOMIH H COXpaHeHiems ycrTo- 
eB>.—bBesb ulana A 6e38b DepcuekTaHsb.—-4. BuacTh H CONSHHKH.—3adorH 0 
NOBCOMBCTHOM’> YIpeRTeHiH CHiCKa.—CHICKHHIA SACXYTH COW8A pycCkaro HAa- 
poya.—Hosoe TtomkopaHie cr. 126 yrosoBmaro yxzoxenia u amuucTia 1905 r. 
—ConsHHKN H Noprb-aptypcxag maa Capenbesa. 


Creccea CM@PTH8ad KashHb (cb mpocb60oW uv CMATIeHiH IpHTOBOpa 
xO 10 xbrs xpbuoctu), Poy BHroBOps, CmMHpHOBD H Pefics ompas- 
NaHH. Takosp dopMasbaHt aTors Goxbmoro uponecca 4yeTHpexs 
NOPTb-apTyPCKHXS repepar0Bs. Ho pavbille, YhMb MPOHSHECeHS IpH- 
TOBOpPh OOBHHACMEHIME, OKA8A8IHCh Bb OYHb HeNPIATHOMD MOs0MeHIE 
CBHABTeAL. 

«CBHXBTCAH CTPeCMHAHCh,—BOSMYMCHHO MHCarb KOppecioHnACHTS 
«Bapmasckaro JHeBHHKa»,—EKaKb MOKHO NO0AHBO H OTKPOBCHE'BC> 
JaTb Wokasawie «Ha CyXb, H STHM AYMAIH HCHOXHHTS CBOH AOATS 
Tepexb powuHot, HO TB AHIa, KOTOPHMS OX HeNpiaTHa mpaBAa, 
BOCHOIbSOBAAHCh CBOHMH H@WaIbCTBCHHHIMA 0pPaBaMH, H DPOTHBE ITb- 
Jaro pala cBuxbrezef BosOyelawTca JHCHHNIBHApHHA MpecrbsOBa- 
Hig». «BH DofMuTe,—roBOpHAb KOppecnoaxeHTy To-se BapmaBcKo# 
TaseTH OJHHb H8b OPHDEPOBb—HA CYNB A JOARCHS TOBOPHTS UpaB- 
Ky, a MexXy ThMD 3 He BM'BH pasa EPHTHKOBATS FbAcTBIA HAaIalb- 
CTB&, H KAKOBO Ke OyseTh ero oTHOMeHie KO MH, KOTNAa A UPOMOI- 
KalO OCTABaTbCa Ha CAYHOB BL TOK me aactH» *)... Ja xora OW B 
Bb «pyro wacTu>. [lokasania wa cya, HelpisTHHiaA «HayvaxbCTBY», 
TXB HH CAYRH, OCTAHYTCa HeupisTawMy. Dpapyza, «HayaabcTBo», OTS 
MOM€TL, H HE PBOINTCH OTBBTHTD HA «KPHTHEY> «J HCIMIARHAaPHHME 
peca'bjoBakiasMu». OTA whbpa YR CAHIIKOMD CkaHAaAbHa. Ho pac- 
11aT&@ BO8SMOKHA HE TOABKO Bb MOPARS AWCHANARHAPHHXS Mmpecas- 
joBaHi#t. HW HeabsH mpocTo ocymAaTb YRAOHYABOCTS HBKOTOPHXS CBH- 
wbrete#, Kakb, HAaNpHMbpt, DoAKOBHHKA JMuTpeBCKaro, OHBMaro Ha- 
YaIbHHKOM® MiTa6a rekepasa Moka H BHA «<yKpallesharo S0LOTHME 
opyxiemb». Tloakosaaxt Juutpescsifi OHXb OHMS H8b YOOIHOMO- 
YCHHHXb 21d BeleHif Cb SUOHTAMA eperoBwoponS O KallHTyiAsviv 
lloprp-Aptypa. HM wa cyxb, Bb kavecTBh cBuybreasg, Ha BONpOC 


*) Iutup. no <Onecck. Hos.», 25 sasapa 1908, 





*  XPUSHKA BHYTPEHHEA RuSAL. 15 


NpeachlaTeld: «<BLICKa8HBaiH BH (BO BpeMA WeperOBOPOBS) CBOH MH'B- 
Hid 110 NOBOXY ANOHCKHXD ycaoBit KANHTYIAUin?» —OTBBTHIB: 

— Jia, MOMHHTCH, TOBOpHAH, HO TO HMEHHO,—He MOLY IIpH- 
NOMHHTB... 

— Jla BH-TO JHUHO TO-HHOYIb BHCKaSH Ban? 

— Hérs... [lomautca, mabHiff CBOHXb HHKAKHXS He BHPaRart... 

— Kakb Ke, 0JH&KO,—CIpPOCHIb UWeHD cyla Oaponb Octenb-Ca- 
KOHb,—BbI I0OHHMAaIH CBO pOlb, BEAM MeperoBwOpH Ch ANOACKUMH 
YHOAHOMOUCHBHIMH O KANuTyYLs0in? 

— TouHo He MOry OObACHHTD... 

— Tlocaymafire, N0JKOBHHEb,—Cb TPYOMD CEPHBad CBOe BOSMY- 
meHie cnpocuas Gap. Octrenb-Caxenb—taxia coOnTia cAyaawTCa pasb 
Bb SHSHH... Hakb HO BH HHGeEFO He MOMETC OObACHHTH? 

— Ja, bab, Huvero HeOOHTualHary UpelzomeHO ANOADaMH He 
Ob120, H NOTOMY, OHITH MOMETD, 9TO He UpOHsBetO H&A MeHA BilevaT- 
abyia» *)... 

«Bp ny61nKb—roBopuHTs pedepesrTs «Pbin»,—cz0Ba 910 BHSBalH 
BspHBb HerosoBakia». MW Ham HosayhMt OpaTh WoakoBHHKA [MuT- 
penckaro ox cBow samuTy. He Hazo JH sabHBaTb, 4TO KpoM'b 
Herogobabis «<yOAHEH» H fame cyfzeH, ecTh elle IpaBOBhA H OLITO- 
BHA yCLOBia odhunepcKo# caymOnw. ‘Caurbrerbckoe nor0aeHie opunepa, 
oco6eHHO odunepa rekepatbHaro miTa6a, OnTh MOKeTh, xyxe, TEMS 
noxzomenie AepeBekckaro MyxuKAa. HezasHo Bb TBEPCKOMD OKPYHOMS 
cyxb upH pas6opb Abia O seMaeBAAAbILMWAX XBOCTOBHXS, YIHHHB- 
IWHXD UDOMROTS A PaslpOMh KpecThAHCKArO AMyMecTBa, HbEIA CBAIS- 
Teib ApXHOOBE Ha BCH upocb6n u yGbaysenia upeychaareia «roBo- 
PHTb WpaBly» YOpPAMO NOBTOPAIB: 

— «fl crapb a 6owcb» **)... « 

Ch odanepa HecTOKO BSHIMeCTCA, ECAH OHS CTOAb HC OTKPOBCHHO 
OXapakTepHsyeTb OOmia ycxoBia poccificko# rocyyapcrBemHocTu. Ho 
OHTb BHB OTHX’ ycaoBifi OHD HE MOReTS. VW He MYNPeHO, ECAH Ipo- 
HeCCh MOPTb-apTYPCKHXD TeHepAaAOBh OYCHb APEO NMOMYEPKHYIb MHO- 
Tid CTOPOHH! <OOMHXb yCloBii», HO HE OYHB MHOTO NOMOIS paso- 
OpaThca Bb CileliasAbHHXb BOMpOCcax’h, HENOCPEACTBEHHO OTHOCSINMAXCH 
Kb <UPOTHBOSakOHHOH cyayb Tloprs-Aptypa HenpiaTeaw». MHI TakD 
KH He yaHadH, HallpHMbpb, KAKHMH HCTPYENIiSMH ONAH CBA8AHH 4 
KAaKHMH NOJHOMOWiAMH OOeC4CHH renHeparb Pelich, NOAKOBHHKD JluuT- 
pepckii H Jp. «Ha UpexmeTb eperosoposs o kalHTyxanin». Ho 
koe-aTO Gorbe oOmee, H nomary#, Goabe cymecTBeHHOe AIA Hach OT- 
KPHLAOCb. 

Ilpeaye Bcero OTKPHAOCh, YTO MHI COOCTBEHHO He 8Ha0Mb,—OHIB 
Iloptb-Aptyp kpbnocrh uzH He OHS. Panbme comHbuii Ha STOTS 
CYeTbh He BOSHHKaIO. Bb nos6pb 1903 r. BoeHHwWH mMuHHCTpS Kypo- 


*) «Pbub», 3 anBapa 1908. 
**) «Pyeckoe CuoBo», 10 anBapa 1908. 


76 A. NETPHIIEBD. . 


MaTEHH. WHCaIb Bb CBOCMDE ORZagb: <YKpbuzenia Lloprs-Aprypa - 
_OpHXOAATb Eb BOTY... HoH’ MOHO HO TPEROMATECA, OCAH ame 
GoAbMIaAd WCTS... ANOHCKOH apmMid oOpymutca Ha [loprs-Apryps». 
Bupowewb, BB TY NOPy BOCHHHH MHHHCTPb H HE MOT AOKAAIHBATS 
wHaye. «Ha BHINOsHeHie BHICOYaime yrBepmAeHHarO opoerta [loprs- 
Aptypcro# kpbnocru,... 10 cBBrBHIAMD TOCYapCcTBeHHArO KOHTPOAR, 
ObIAO OTIYMeHO H8h CPeACTBS KasHE (Bcero) 4.631.757 p., a wspac- 
xogopano 00 1903 roxs BEAWYATeABHO (Bcero) 4.080.000 p.» *). 
TpeOopaxoch oduniaibHO OpusHaTb cymecTBoBaHie EpbOOCTH, ye 
XOTA OH TOABEO Bb BULAX Upexyopeasenia Bompoca: «kyza xe AB- 
IUCh XeHErH?» MW ABROTOpOe BpeMA TOTHOCTS OaniaabHoh TepMHHO- 
orig: «xpmnocme Tloprb-Aptypb», me BOos6yaxfara comHbHifi. OxHako, 
Ha Cyib, Bb RavecTBB cBAAbTeAS, TOTb-Ke ©. KypowaTkaHb 3aaBHANt, 
ITO eMY COOCTBEHHO HeH38BBCTHO, COOTBBTCTBOBaIa-1H «O6OpoHocm0co6- 
HocTb» Tloprs-Aptypa oHaTIN: «kpboocTh». «CTpakHo,—HegoyMs- 
Balb Nepelb cy0Mb OnBMift BoeHHL MHHHCTPb—Aame A, KOMABAYD- 
mit apmieli, He 3Harb, OOesneyeHs an Iloprs-ApTypb moayToparoxo- 
BHM 3a08COMb UpoBiakTa» **). Bce xe 6uBmift riaBHOKOMAaBAyDMil 
H ONBOiff MHHHCTPB Cierb BOSMOMEHME ONpexbiatTh Lloprh-Aprtypt 
TePMHHOMS: «ciadaa EpboocTh». Ho saMlaTHuR. reHepana Creccess 
r. CHPTAaHOBb KATeCTOPHYeCKA 8asBHAB Ha CyAb: <HuKakoh EpbiocTa 
Iloprs-Aptypa He One... A ITO 65110, TO He COOTBBICTBYeTE Hay4- 
HOMY MOHATiIO: Epbuocts... Moprs-ApTyp> Onab noxesolt yepbuaenHoti 
nosuiett Kb Hawarb OCaqH, &@ Eb MOMEHTY CJaqH Mepectayb OITA H 
JEpbuIeHHHMS MBCTOME» ***), MoRHO CTPOUTh JOragen TO ©. Kypo- 
aTKHHS BHHYRACHD JepKaTbCA- BOSMOMHO OAnMe Kb CBOEMY MOKIAAYy 
1903 r., a samuTaugy r. Crecceia ecrecTBeHHO OTpHmaTh cyme- 
cTBOB4Hie skpbRocTH, H60 pasb joxasaHo, uTO [loprb-Aptyph He 
6HIb KpbHOCTAW, «KHpHAMuecRaa Npapoxa» OOBHHeEHIA Bb «CRaTb 
EpbIOCcTH»® caMa co6om paspyliaeTca HA MagaeTb. OJHAaKO, KAKOBH 
6H HH OHH DO6yxxeHia YexOBbEA, OOcTaHOBKa raacHaro H COCTa3a- 
TeIbHaro Upomecca moxaraeTh usBbcTHutt upexbrb antTasin; upu 
YCNOBINXS TiacHaroO H COCTH3aTeAbHAarO Mpomecca HeAb8A OTPHWATh 
akTH, IIa BCBXE OescHopHHe H OYeBHAHIC; H HeAb8H# YTBEPRAaT 
TO, ITO OYeBHAHO A OescnopHO AXA BCBXB He CymectTByeTb. HM pass 
tr. Crecceab H HyponaTkaHt, pasollIHch He TaKb YKb AAMCKO APYTh 
OTb Apyra, 3HAIHTS OCHOBAaTeABHOCTD copa, Onab Loprs-Apryph 
EDBIOCTEH HIH He ON, ClBa IM NOLIKHTS COMABHID. 

Vi staxt, Ona «6oenaa equHua» IJloprs-ApTypb Heoupexbseq- 
Haro H CHOpHaro Cb TOURH spbHig BoeHHOH HaykAa THUa. Kakoro 
HMCHHO, MHI Tak’ we He SHACMb, Kak He SHAEM, ITO Take BO0O- 





*) Hab yokNagqa TocyzapcTBeHHaro KoHTponepa renepana Jlo6Ko; muT. 
no «Phan», 30 meKa6pa 1907. 
**) «Phab», 7 nexa6pa 1907. 
***) Pbyb, 24 anBapa 1908. 





XPOHHEA BHYTPEHSEHK MuSHH. 77 


me Poccia,—camoxepmaByoe TocyAapcTBO HAH KOHCTHTYNIOHHOe, HAR 
PAA ABTOHOMBHXS TeHeparb-ryOepHatopcrsh, ABMS JO NOPH AO Bpe- 
MCHH, ME€X@HHUCCKH, 10 HHCPIH, NOAIHHAWMAXca DeHTpy. Ecrs Bos- 
MOMHOCTh OTCTAHBAaTh H TO, H Apyree, H TpeTbe oOnpeybacHie. Ecth 
BOSMOMHOCTh H OTBCPIHYTh Hxb. VI eTO cxoJcTBO BOBCE He CIy- 
qallzo. 

Komy noqauesaca Iloprs-Apryp Bo Bpema ocagy? Hayo nosa- 
raTb, THaBHOKOMAaBAyIomemy Kypouarguny. Ilo xpatinet mbpb, Rypo- 
HAaTKHHE OTA UpHRash rekepaxzy Creccexw OoTaBats [loprs-Aptypt, 
repepary CMapHOByY—DpHHATE Ha ce6a Upaba H OO6A8aHHOCTH «KOMECH- 
WabTa ocamleHHOH HeupiaTezems EpbuOcTH>. OAHAKO, TOTS xe Fr. Kypo- 
N&@TRHRb RAIOBAICA HA CYA, ITO OH COOCTBEHHO HHYEFO TOAKOMS He 
sHaa' 0 Loprs-Aptyps, Takb kak <BChMS STAM BHAGID WTAGb HAM BCT- 
HHka Ha JlaxpHemt BocrorB renepata Aexcbesa»... Cr0BOMB, HB 
r. KypotaTkaut, aH r. Creccetb, HH Tr. CMBPHOBB He 8HalH, KOMY 
coOcTBeHHO o,aHHeHD Lloprs-Aptyps. WM HHETO AO CHXS DOpd sToro 
He sHaeTb. A DOpTh-aptypcria Boicka He 3HalH, ETO COOCTBeHHO HMH 
Bb paBb KOMA@HIOBATS. 

Iipapya, 10 pacnopsmesi TlaBHOKOMAHAyWOarO HaiaxbHHuKOM'S 
Ilopts-ApTypa HasHaveHt Onxb renepaxb CauupHoss. Ho sorb cBH- 
whTeabckoe OKasanie noqnorKoBnHka Toxosana: «13 imna (1904 r.) 
npusza BB Lloprs-Apryps ax0HKa usb Undy, opaBesza mudpoBaxH- 
HHA TexerpaMMH. Bb Hawai ocalH 4 Jemuppuposaab HX OMHA. 
Crarb JemH@pupopatbh H 9TH. Osa 8b HHX OkASAIACh alpecoBak- 
HO Ha uMa reHepasza CunpHosa. Cogepmanie ea 610 TakOBO: <5 iWHS 
MHOW 0CiaHa renepaay Crecceaw TexerpaMMa cI'b\ywMlaro coxepxa- 
Hid: Tak Kakb KOMAHJOBaHie YEPBUACHHEIMD pahOHOMS OKOHYHIOCE, 
H BH BOWIH BB KpbMOCTb, TO, COTsacHO H Cb MHBHieMD HAMBCTHHKA, 
Mpeyzara BaMb ClaTb H& OCHOBaHin osoKeHia 06% yupaBaAeHiR 
Kpbuoctamu, oco6enHo ct. 57, KOMaH,OBaHie KpPBbNOCTDIO KOMeHAaHTY 
eg (T. e. reHepaay CMHpHOBY) H OpHOLITS BHOPAaHHHM’S BaMH IyTeM'b, 
HANPAMbpb, Ha MMHOHOCIS, Bh MAHbYRYPCKYH apMilo, Tb UpA Dep- 
BO BOSMORHOCTH BH safiMeTe Mo1omeHie KOMAHAHpa KOphyca. Hypo- 
namkuneo». A, — mpoxzormaat r. [or0Banb, — OTHECh aTy TeserpaMMy 
NOIKOBHUKY (HHH'S resepaay) Peltcy w cipocHa, YTO WhaaTh, HeCTH 1 
ee Cmeccenw. Ons cnasars, wmo omunecems camo. Tepes. HrecKo1Ko 
epemenu Pevicd npuwers u crasanr, uno amy menezpaumy Cmeccene 
CENA CHUMAamMd He nosyreHHot» “). Hamb elle UpHyeTca BepHYTbCA 
Kb oTOMY IbHHOMy NOKasaHil Tr. [ox0BaHA, BHIHMO He NO,0spbBab- 
Maro, KaKb OHS OXapakTepHsOBalb He TOABKO IT. Pefica u Crec- 
cels, HO H caMoro ce6a. 3ybcb Ke OTMbIY AHMb, YO CBANBTCIN OWIb 
Ha CyB Bb YNOPb NocTaBleHd BONpOCD: 

— Bu ne omuGaerecbh, 4TO JeMMppPAPOBAHHAaA BaMH TelerpaMMa 





*) .Pba“, 7. XII. 1907. 


78 A. ITETPHIDEBD. 


TXaBHOKOMAHAYOMaro, KOTOPyO BH BpyaniA Peficy sna nepexaqm 
Creccei, Oba agpecoBaha uMeHHO CMHpHOBY? 

— He omn6ancs, —TBepyzo oTsbruas r. Tor0sanh. — A Bers 
XWCBHHES. Tams BCe S8alHcano... 

JHEBHHED OBIS NpegcraBsens. MW crpanHIh ero, OFAaMleHHHa Ha 
CYAB, BUOIH'S NOATBEPAHAM MORasanie r. Toxopana. Cb cBoed CTOPOHH, 
nr. KyponarkaHh MOATBePAHAD, ITO TreHepaxt Crecceab BOARS 
COSHATEIBHO He NOMIHHHACH DpHKasawilO H He Nepekasb BAACTR 
Tr. CuapHosy. Bricmee BoenHoe HayaabCTBO OHA0 06% STOMR BNOAES 
ocBbyxoMseHoO. Ho xame cam® r. KyponaTeaes NpO_OAKaIb CHOCHTECA 
Ch ©. Crecceiemt, Kakb Cb [AaBHNMb KOMAHABPOMD [loprs-Aptypa. 
VWfsexHHcTBeHHOe pesoHHoe OOBSCHEeHIe STOH 3araqKH 8AaKAWIAeTCA Bb 
CIBAYWUIMXE CHOBAXS OWBMATO [iaBHOKOMAHAYWMar0, CkKasaHBHXh 
epexb CYLOM: 

— CmMApHOBD MOrb apecToBaTs Crecceia, ecid OH YBUNBIS, ITO 
ubiictaia ero KI@HATCA BO BpPelh [baAy... 

Bors eciH OH NOTHHHeHAHe MpPOABHAH HHHWiaTHBY HM B8sAH Ha 
ce6a OTBBTCTBeHHOCTH, fr. KyponarEcuat, radaa 00 oOcrosTesbCTBaM, 
MOReTE OTb, OCYAHIB OH Xb, MOMCTS OLITb, DOXBAI“IE On. Ho 
WTOOH TIABHOKOMAHAYOMH HacTaHBalb Ha TOYHOMS BHIOAHEHIH CBO- 
HXB IIpHKasOBh Bb THXB CAyWaAXS, KOA OHH Kpake BAHN H 
Kpafie OTBBTCTBeHAH, — cB kako crarH? «JIoxoxenie 640 TpyA- 
Hoe» ,—cOsHaBbaica Ha cyxb r. KyponatRaHb. Ono GHI0 TpyaAHOe ne 
cymecTBy,—H#60 OTS BHOOpa TOTO HIH HHOTO HawadbHAka Bb 38HadE- 
TembHo mbpb sapucbaa cymb6a ocaxjeHHoH <KpBMOCTH», OTHOCH- 
TexbHO KOTOpOH HM BOeHHOG MHHHCTEPCTBO, HH WTa6b HaM'BCTHHEA, 
HH TXaBHOKOMABAyWOMit Be 3HagH, Bb kakOH mbpb ona «OOopoHnocHo- 
co6Ha», H Kakb CHadmeHa IpOBiaHTOM. 

— Hocryonrs pburmreabxo, yaaauTb Crecceaa, HasHaquTb CMap- 
HOBa,—& BIPy’b 8aBTpa KaTacTpoda... Bor ero 3HaeTb, kako 060- 
poTh Upsets wbi0. Dlomarzy#, mpagxeTca 3a cBOM pbiHTeIbHOCTS 
OHITS Bb OTBBTB... 

«Tlozomenie 65110 TpyqHOe> H 00 MHOFAMb 3aKYIHCHHIME coodpa- 
meHiamb. Texeparp Creccesb—o0pTb-aprypckifi crapoxuis. Hapapas 
Cb MHHHCTpoMS KyponaTkaHiib H Cb HaMbCTHHKOMS AdeKCheBLIWS, 
OHB OHI>D OxumaHDe NpwYACTeHb Kb CoopyxeHilo <NepBokIaccHok 
TBOPAHHH, CHOCOGHOH OTpasHTb BCH ADOHCKYMO apMin>. HW yme ono 
STO CIYHHIO NWopyko#, uTo r. Crecceab «BB cayyab wero» comxeTca 
Ha 3106y cTHXifi, Ha Bombo BOM, Takb HAH HHaTe HalizeTbh UpH- 
GHHY BCHXD GbE Bb KAKOME-1H60 <«NOCTOPOHHeEMS BBAOMCTBS», HO 
He 6yleTb EOAOTh raasa rpbxamu mpomasaro. [. Cunpposp—yeso- 
BBE HOBHI BB Iloprs-Aptypb. A ye M0 OJHOMY STOMY, CMY BUOAS 
€CTCCTBCHHO «Bb CAyuah wero» COCAaTbCA HMMeCHHO HA 4yRie rp bxa, 
O pasMbpb KOTOPHIXS caMH IpbMHHKA He HMBAH TOURHXDS CBBABBIA. 
XapakTepHo, Bb MOMCHTB kKanuTyAanin BB Iloprs-AptTypS okasazocb 





/ 
XPOHHEA BHYTPEHARS RHSEA. 79 


Tropaszo Gombe colsaTb, Mb Upe_noxaraxo HwayarpcTBo. Camu 
HOpTt-apTypuH, coOpaBmuch BMBcTS nepexs noObauTerAMy-aANOnNaMaA, 
HCKPCHHO H8YMIAIHCB: ; 

— QOjJHaKO, Kakb Hach MHOTO... BoTh HeOmMIAHHOCTD!.. 

dalach CHAPALOBS H NPOAYETOBS OAS BHAIMTEIBHO Hue elpel- 
YCMOTPBHHOH B8akOHAaMH HOpMHl». Ho BCe Ke MXb Bb MOMEBTY clad 
OkasalOCh Topas7o Oorbme, ThMh Wpexnosararb camh r. Crecceazp. 
Morszo 6nITb xyxe. MoxHo 65120 HarpbmntTs Oorsme. Ho wmenso 
oTa HECOCBBAOMICHHOCTS O pasMbpb rpbxoBb WM SBACTABIAIAa OCcObeHHO 
60aTbcH YKOpOBS A pasobsayenili, eCTeCTBeEHHHXb CO CTOPOHH 4e- 
ZOBbEa HOBATO H KB rpbxaMt Oruxaime HelpuywcrHaro. 

-—— Hasnaqums CuapHona, & ORD BAPYTh Take OTPallopTyers, ITO 
MIP &XHETS... 

He TpyaHa w He CXORHA OHA ANDI WPHAMIECKAA, TAKB Cka- 
saTb, OyMaxBbad cropona bia. Ha 6ymarb sHaqnz0ch, 4TO ecTb Kpb- 
nocts Iloprs-Aptypt, 4 ects [loprs-Aprypcrift yxpbnazenanft patton. 
KomenqanTomb «kpbnocta» Omrb reHepalh CmMupHoBb. Hayarban- 
KOMB «paitoHa» —reHepar® Creccemb. Cb mepexoxOMB «paitoHa» 
KB ANOHNaMB BHCMee KOMAHXOBaHie TO 3aKOHY AOSRHO OBIAO Me- 
pefira kb reHepazy CmupHosy. Ho ren. Creccexh OHAB Cb STAND 
HecorsaceHh H Npososmaxb KOMAHAOBaTS. Moryaaw20 NpHasHaBaxt 
STOTE OesiOpsAOKRS, TAABHOKOMABAYHOMI IpHHHMaID Ha ceOaA H NOI 
OTBBICTBEHHOCTH 38 Hero. HW mpaeasn rex. Kypontarkuya 5 ina 
UpeAcTaBIseTh Bb CYMHOCTH IBWb POPMAILHOC AOKAZATEABCTBO, TO 
<BIACTh TIABHOROMAHAYNOaro He GesrbitcTBoBasa». Ona HanoMHHsa 
0 «m010xKeHiaA O66 yUpaBleHin KpPBNOCTAMH», NOAEPbINAA <DpaMot 
CMBICXB 8aKOHa» «MH'BHICMS HAaMBCTHHEA», Halucala MOTHBHPOBaH- 
HOG «<pelsaral aM... “UpHORITL, Hallp., Ha MHHOROcITb>... Tene- 
part HKyponatenns odesneyunas ce6B perupaly axe Ha TOTS CAY- 
qa, eclH Ob «<MHHOHOCeIb» cb reo. Creccelemb o0Uuarb Bb pyRH 
ANOHTCBE: 

— Kouewo, sacnosHenie npukasa oyxpeprano ren. Crecceas 
pucry... Ho, Bbab, riaBHOKOMAHAYOMI ObLIb IHW CABNHMD HCIOI- 
HHTeIeEMh 3akOHa... IipH TOMB He «cormacHoO H Cb MHBHieMS Ha- 
MBCTHHES»... . 

IIpapya, BO BlacTH TAAaBHOKOMAHAYWMAarO OHNO He CTABHTb TeHe- 
para Crecceaa mepexb HeooxoxuMocTRH BHOOpa: 3AH60 PHCKD NyTe- 
mecTBid HA MHHOHOCITS, AHOO PHCKD HeloOMIMHeHIA MpAKa3sy. Ilz0xh 
HAH XOpomrb reH. Crecceab, HO OHS OHIb cTapmumMb reHepatoms; 
TreH. CMHPHOBB CMY NUNGHHAICH, KAR «HayalbHuky patona». Korga 
paitoHb ucqesb, TAaBHOKOMAHTyOMift MO HasHayaTs ren. Creccesa 
«KOMCHJAHTOME KPBNOCTH», ONpebAuBR ren. CMHPHOBY KakyW-1n60 
Apyry porb. Ho, sBbab, 9TO 3HaqHTS FhraTh ONperbIeHHHH wars, 
6paT Ha ce6a OTBBTCTBEHHOCTL 38 BHIOOPh HAay@AbHHKA Bb CTOAb 
HCKINOUHTCIbHO BaSHOMS, 10 YCAOBIAMDS PYCCKO-ANOHCKOH BOHHH, cTpa- 


80 A, IETPRIIEBS. 
TerHyeCKOMb MNYHKTB, kakB Lloprs-Aptyps. He. 6zaropasymube Im 
CTOATh HA WOUB status quo H YMHITH PYEH. 

TyTb HeBOIBHO HallpallaBaetca ban pal’ anaxorifi. Jocrarowo0 
H&NOMHHTh ONHO H3b WOCKBAHHXD MBpoUpiaTii OnBMarO MHHACTPS 
Haposwaro mpocBbmenia r. Kaydwana. Kro-To 438% HHSIIHXS Havadb- 
HHKOB® He pbIMBACA BATS HA CBOW OTBSTCTBeHHOCTS pbmeHie BOMpoca,— 
"TO ABAATh, CCAH HA CTYACHYIOCKAXD CXOAKAXDE SyAYTh UPOHSHOCHTHCA 
HECOOTBBICTBYWINiA Phin. OH MOMPOCHYS PYKOBOASMMMXS yeasanili 
OTh MHHHCTpa. MHHECTPb YEAOHHICR H TepeHech BIO Bb COBSTS 
MHHECTPOBS. CoBBTS MHHHCTPOBB BS CBOW OUeperb He pbmnsca. 
Bb pesyIbTaTS BHeBaBMIf CoALMia UpeHid MpHkasb O Hassops e- 
pesb «<JOBBPCHAHIX® AHI» 88 CTYJCHYCCKHMH CXOAKAMH, @& OTBST- 
CTBCHHOCTS 3&8 CFO MOPaIbHOe HeCoOTBSTCTBie CTPOW BHCMeH KOI 
«IIPCACTABHTCAH HCHOXHHTCABNOH BAACTH» CB ceOa cxoRHAB. Ho ocra- 
BUMS 10K& aHasOrid H BOSBpaTHMca KB Iloprs-Aprtypy. 

Buicwie@ HAaYaIbCTBO OTTOAKHYAO OTS ce6a pbmenie TpyxHof# Hu OT- 
BBTCTBEHHOR 8alaqH. PopMalbHad Re AoTeMa rxaBHOKOMAHAYWMAr0 
TeHepaly CMHpHOBY, Upemje wbMB AOHTH TO agpecy, omayaerh Bt 
NOpTb-apTypcky peructparypy. VM sybcb cb nowrn 6yxBaabHOH TOY- 
HOCTh® NOBTOpseTca pascKkasa KH. C. J. Ypycopa 0 KHIMHHEBCKOMS 
noxzuuifiueficrepb noxkoBHHEB Pefixaprb. Ku. YpycoBb, kat ry6ep- 
HATOPh, IpHKAsHBaAb He JOUYckaTh eBpefickaro orpoma. A NOXKOB- 
HHEB PefixapTh koxeOaacd, Kakb NOHAMATS ryOepHaTOpCKia OpHKasa- 
Hif,—O HXB OYKBAXbHOMY CMHICIY, HIH BB BAAS HaMeka, OOASEBAD- 
Ward Kb COBEPMeHHO MpPOTHBONOAORALIME WbictBiams? HM ecan 10 
G6YEBaXbHOMY CMBICIY, TO COOTBBICTBYeTL 1H ryOepHaTOpCKad NOAHTHKA 
BHAaMb H UpeslosOmKeninMb BEICIIayO UpaBHuTexbcTBa? *). Odaneps 
reHepasbHaro mtTa6a [osoBanb, 6e38% COMH'bHiA, IpekpacHo NOHHMABIE, 
KB YeMy CFO OOASHIBACTh 8aKOHB H JO’ AUCOHDIMHH, BAP 
yCYMHHICS: 

— HKoweiHo, pasb riaBHOKOMaBAYWUik axpecoparb xenemy rege- 
pazy CMHDPHOBY, sHaqHTb, e6 H HYRHO MepexaTh reHepaxy CMApHOBY. 
“TO 8aKOH. JTO JOITS AucnuoARNAH. Ho, coorsbrcrByeTb 2H OYRBALE- 
HH CMBICIb alpeca MCTHHHOMY HamBpeHio TriaBHOKOMAaHAYywmaro? 
VM secam Ja, TO cOOTBBICTBYHOTS JH HamMbpeHia riaBHOKOMAaH Ayal 
BHJaMB BHCMaro UpaBuTesbcTBa? He cxblyerh 14 MpexBapHTeAbHO 
otomHTE Yr. Peticy wim Name camomy r. Crecce3m, Kakb JHA, 
-Oorbe ocBbAOMICHELIMD? 


I. Toaxopans pbuinab stu BOnpocH Tags. Jpyro# wa ero mBcrh, 


OHITh MOKCTS, PbUHIS Ob BHaye. Ho BO BCARKOMS cAyIab, OXUH'S WSS 
OCHOBHHIXS BOUPOCOBS BCAKOH KaMUaHin,—o BHOopb HayaIbCTBYW ULHXS 
BaKHBAMMMH CTPaTeTHICCKHMH NYHRTAMA—OKasaICH pSICHHLIM'’B, H0- 
CKOABKY J'BI0 wiJO0 O Loprb-Aptypb, perucrparypo#. Bbpabe,—ous 
PbuIeHb He CTOIBKO perucTpaTypo#, ckOIbEO Oos8HLW perucTpaTOposs 


*) Cu. «SannckH ry6eppatopa> xu. C. i. Ypycosa, crp. 109—111. 








XPOHHEA BHYIPRHHEH HSH. 81 


HOCTYOATL Cb BaKHOW Jenene 10 8AaKOHY,—NepexaTh ee 00 yRasaH- 
HOMY TAaBHOKOMAHAYHDIEMS agxpecy. HM BoTh elle xapakTepHada 4epTa. 
Tenepaazp Creccelb opexnoyer® cOKpHTie OunialbHaro JOKYMeHTA 
H CaMOBOILHOC OpHcBoeHie BAACTH PHCKY yTewecrsia Aa MHHOHOCITS. 
Ho yepesb Ba Mbcana n0cxyb wpecTymHaro coKpHTia imnEcKo# Je- 
Hem r. Kyponateuua r. Creccerb OnlX> HArpaxleHb HOM reHepars- 
AX_WTAHTA H OpseHoM® cE. Teopria 3 crenenu *). Emy xame mpeyocta- 
BACHO ObLIO ONAOBPOMEHHO Cb CTOIb BAHLMA HArpalaMa WpaBo Harpa- 
RAaTb 00 CBOeMY BHOOPY APYTHXb, MpHaHVeCTBYWMee BBaHiW KOMeH- 
Kata ocaxjeHHoH gpboocru. VM sce-Takw HAaCTOSMUMS KOMCHIAHTOMS, 
OTBBTCTBCHEHME 110 8akOHY 8a cyAbOy Iloprs-Aprypa, BHICMee BOeH- 
HOG HaJaIbCTBO NposoAKarO cunTaTb YT. CunpHoBa. Bt kavecrBsb ot- 
BBTCTBOHHAO KOMCH{aHTA I. CMHDHOBS H ONAN Upesan’ CyLy 3a He- 
, HpHHEATie MBPd UPOTHBD CAaMOBOALHELXD H UPCCTYHHNX®> Wbictwii Tr. Crec- 
ceia. To-ecTb, TOBOPa KOHEPeTHO, Tr. CMHPHOBY CT@BHTCaA BB BHBY, 
GTO OH He apecToBarS Yr. Crecceia H He Upesaxb, 10 UpaBy KOMeEH- 
MaHTa, BOeHHOMY cyzy. [‘eHepazsh xe CmapHOBS, MO ero CIOBAaMD, 
AH0Ib HA CyXB, Bb KOHNB 1907 ©., ysHalb 0 cyMecTROBaHiA aypeco- 
BaHvaro Ha ero HMA 5 iwHsa 1904 r. npHkKasa riaBHOKOManAywmMaro. 
Vf xota oOpamaica BO BpeMA OCaH Kb BHCDIOMY HAYAABCTBY Yepesb 
HapoawHTO OTMpaBAAeMHLXd usb Lloprs-Aprypa cdunepoBb ch Kesei- 
HOW Mpocb60W BHACHHTS CFO, KOMCHAAHTCKIA, UpaBa uH OOA8aHHOCTH, 
<HO,—TOBOpuT® r. CMHDHOB,—Bb OTBBTh Ha OTO A BUABAB Harpamie- 
Hie reHepaza Crecceia 4 UpefocraBazeHie eMy IpaBa Harpampfath Apy- 
THX». Bricmee HayaIbCTBO OCTalOCh JO KOHDa BBpHO cBOell O0a8HE 
CXbIaTb TOTS HIH Apyro#, HO pbmuTeAbHHH mars. UW noprh-aprypup 
Cb xal0d6ama Ha r. Creccels DIIH EL KOMeHTaHTY CMHDHOBY, Cb &a- 
x06aMuH Ha YT. CMHDHOB@ DAH Kb KOMAHJUPY HHKOMY HeHSBBCTHATO H 
HHEGEHMH S&KOHaMH 06% OCaKeCHHHXL EP BUOCTAX’ HelpexycMOTpBH- 
Haro pakra,—k®b r. Creccerw. O6a KoMaHyupa OTAaBaIn MpeTuBOps- 
uanie Apyrb Epyry UpHEAasH. «bylaw Ha HORAXb». Yrpomaiw Apyrd 
Apyry apectoms, [lomquneHHbe cTapadHch NOAWHHATHCA A KOMOHAaHTY. 
uw Crecceat. Ilo1yqasacb anapxis, HEBLIHOCHMad H UpectynHas. Ho yas 
xbje#, KoTOpHe He 8HAWTS, ITO AbAaTb, KOTOPHIe OprangwyeckA OoaTcs 
pbmATeIbHLXS HU ONpeABACHHHXDS WaroBh, NOPTb-apTypckad anapxisi 
Guiza He IHMeHA HBBBCTHHIXS YAOOCTBS. 

st Takuxb sje, Oupmuxn BB I[loprs-Aptrypb, eqBa aH He 
mepsoe MBCTO Hao oTBecTH Tenepaxy Crecceiw. OHS «HadaIbHHKD 
pationa». OHD OVE, Fae yepesiyph, pbUUTeIeHS, KOrAa A'BIO Ka- 
eaeTca Bemeli; 10 ero MHbHiW, NycTakoBHxs. Ho anOHOH yee Haya 
BHCagKy. BosnaxaeTb coopsnit 4 OTBBICTBCHHH BONpOCh: 3allulatTh 
WAH HE SallumaTD Isnuabixoy. He sallamarh,—ckaxyTb, lomaryi, 


aeons 








*) CkpHTHA r. Creccelews UpHEasb TAABHOKOMAHTyOMarO NOAYIOHS 
wp [loprs-Aptyp’ 13 inns. Nomanopanie r. Crecceaw opyena cp. Peopria 
3 cretlenn cocroanocb 14 asprycta. 

@Mespanp. Orrzbr II. 6 





82 A. NETPHIDLEBDS. 


WTO «HAaY@aIbHHRS pahoHa» HHEYAa He TOiHTCH. A eCAH 3aDLHMaTs, 
Bors 3HaeTh, ITO MOTYTS NOAYMATb «<BOCHHHC aRTOPHTeTH». HM BOTS 
reHepazy Poky oTgaeTca crporifi Ipakasb: OkasaTh «<caMyH YNOpHyD 
o6upony». Ho upH sTOMb YTeHepaxb POKD HE NOAyWAeTS CKOADKO-HE- 
OyAb TOUHHIXE yeasanilt. 

Tenepazt Dokb «O6S3aHHOCTS PYKOBOAHTA OOopoHOH [saHpiEe0y 
BOSIOKHAS HA DOAIBHEHHATO eMy OpHrajHaro KOMAaBAEpa, & 3TOTDS 
HocrbsHi MpexoOcTaBaAb BCBM pacwOpARAaTLCA KOMAHAUPY NorAKa>» *). 
QO AHCHOSAnIA, O PYKOBOARMIBXL ykasaniaxh pbMaTexbHO HUKTO He 
nosadoTaacs. HW Bb pasraph 608 HARTO He sHarb jae, rb HAXOARTCH 
TeHepasb PoOKb, H KAKb OT HETO NOAYIHTS NpHKasanie. 

«QObACHHTe Xe Bally poxb RO Bpems 60g upa I] 3sHH_bIKOY,—cupo- 
CHI y I. Poka WeHb cyxa Gap. Octrens-Cakenb.—Onpexbiaan BH 
(xoTb) mbBcTO, rxB Bach Halitn? 

— bictsyi, kakb sHaemb. «Bb cxyaab yerd», HaaIbHHE®d 060- 
POHH MOKETh OTBBTHTE ABORKO. JIKG60: HeyReAH BH AyMAAH, A Upex- 
UpaMy ceppesanif Oo Ha Taxof nosuuin, kaxb [snabumdy? Koneqe, 
9TO Ob1a AHINb JeMOACTpania. Jin60: 4 mpekpacHO NOHAMAN, SHaye- 
Hie [3aHbaKOY; CMOTPHTe,—Bb MOCEMD Upakayb pbb AleTh O <Ca- 
MOH ynopHoH o6opoHb». 

— Huayero a we onperbiarh,—oTsbrars r. Pors.—HA nopywsrp 
KOMAHOBAHIE... 

IipH TOMB #e OTHOCHTexbHO HeoOxo_uMocTH O6opoHaTS I]3HHb- 
aKOY Tr. POKb AepRasca oCvbaro MHBHIA. 

— Upapyga an,—o6paTaica TOTS Ke Sap. OcTtens-Cakexs cb Be- 
IpOcoMb Eb KOMeHAaBTY CmupHOBYy,—O6yazTO ren. PoKb BeXBYb Bab 
hepejatb, ato o6oposaTs Lsaanywxoy He craHeTh HH OLHHD NOpsAAO4- 
Hhifi TeXOBbED?.. 

— Jia, upa6sasuTexbHO Bb TAKHX CAOBAXh MHS TepesaHo OnLA0 
mabHie resepasa Moka. 

— A coo6Omaan 40 BH 00% 9TOME reHepaxy Creccesw? 

— Htrs. []3aapaxoy—sto sb yEpbnxcHHOMS pation’, a He Bb 
kpbuocrn **)... 

Ba camomb wbhaxsb,—sa «yxpboxensuit pafions> reseparb Cmuup- 
HOBb (OpMaaAbHO He OTBSTcTByeTs. [papya, TOTh HAH HHOH HCXOAb 
coOnlTif BL «<yEpboxseHHom) pafionb» nmpezpboraets cyab6y «Moprs- 
Aptypa». Ho ecav KOMe@HAaHTh CTaHeTS YrayOAATbCa Bb OTY MATEPID, 
TO, BBAb, OR LOAKCHD SyeTS pbMlaTh BOMpOcs 10 cymecTBy, Opars 
Ha ceOa OTBBTCTBEHHOCTDS, eCIH He 8&8 CBOH J biicTBix, TO 3&8 CBOE 
MHBHia. OAeaKO, ANOBII HAIHHAWTS CBoOe NOObAMHOCHOCS HacTy OseRie 
KL camomy Iloprh-Aptrypy. PopMaibuad OTBBTCTBeHHOCTD 33 JaabHbR- 
wifi XOXb BOeCHAHXT coOnTI# Magqaers yRe He Ha KOMAHJYMMLare 


i ee 


*) «<Pbup> 1 qekaOpa 1907, 
4*) ,Pbup“, 4 neka6pa 1907. 





XPOHMKA BHYTPEHBEN KUSH. 838 


‘YRPBOACHHHME pationows, a Ha KOMeHanTa. If TyTS IMPOHCXOAETS 
MeSLY MpOuuMS, ca’brywmee: 

1) Tpaxyancrifi komuccaph Kaantyacnof o6xacTA NONOAKOBHHED 
BepmHHAH TOPONNTCA ChacTH BHBMOpTaptypcriff crrayqh MeHRAaMeH- 
TOBb A CAHHTAapHHX, cpexcTBb. Ux cn'burdo rpysaTb Bd BarouH AAA 
OTHpaBEH BB Iloprs-Aptypt. Ho sro sambuaets ren. Creccesb x 
AHUHO IPHEasnBacTs: <«BLIGpOCHTb BOHB>,—NPAMO Ha 8eMIW, NOX 
STPOAUBHOH AOR *). To ecth r. Creccerb WIMATh KoMenAANTA whAa¥ro 
TPAHCHOPTA MCAHMMACKAXT NPAHasemnOcTefl, KOTOPMA OCARIEHHOMY 
Tfoprs-Aptypy mpHxoquaocb ObANTD Ha Bhct s0N0TA. 

2) Bo Bpemsa Oca, pa3ym'bercs, Tpehopasach ycHseHHad WbATeAb- 
HOCTh CaHHTapoBs. Ho accennszanionabi 06031 Ours «pachopMApo- 
Bawb». daTbMe r. CTecceAb AHMBAD <IpAaKAACKOe ypaBsenie» cpeACTBB 
Ha cCOlepmanie canntapHok sacra. HW crepx® Toro, IpHkasalb Bb Kam- 
XOM'b ABOPS BLIPHTS AMY NAA CRAIGH HCIMCTOTS. Kb ciacThw, MAOTIe KA- 
TeAH NOTAlaAMCh, YTU Th1O MORCTS OROHIATLCH OTPABIEHIeMS KOAOADEBD 
Cb NOAMOWeHHOW METBeEBOW BOLOH. H nocabaznifi npunasd octascaA He 
HCHOIHEHEHMS. Ho, BO BCAKOMB c1yIab, MbBponpiatia repepaaa Crec- 
C@Xd YTPORAAH KOMCHJAHTY MACCOBLIMS pasBATIeMh 9IHTeEMHYeCREXS 
sadoxbpanifi BB ocaxgenHof Rpboocta **). 

3) Ho cx0BaMh oAnoAKoBANEAa Bepmanaua, yioBb pHON MOT? 
AXatp Tloprs-Aprypy, OweHb CEYAHO CHaGmeHHOMY MpoBiaHTOM, 6orD- 
moe norcnopao. O6HGHO ce30Hb 10B& JaeTh «<HBCKOABEO COTS TH- 
CHUB MyfOBb». Ho Korqa HacTyMH#A0 BPeMA YAOBa, «pHOakaMb-EA- 
TakiaMb crpomafime 3apeTHan BHXOJb Bb MOpe»; «HXh AOTEH 
-OBIJH BHITAMeHH Ha Oepert, B& HAXS cpy6seHh MATH, AH Mpo- 
py6zeHnH nama». A Korga pHOoIO0BHaS CNacTh OnNAa TAKBMD Ci0- 
CO6OM> YHHITOReHA, H KOrAa BpeMS y1oBa Upomso, rencparp Crec- 
CCAb paspbIIHTb AOBUTh pHOy, NO NPA sTOMb Hasnain ipe3sMbpHO- 
BUCOKYN TAKCY HA PasHHe MpelMeTH,—Haup., pecropanHok TOproBlHA 
H ypeswbpHo HASEYIO Ha pH6y,—TO ecTb nocTapaica Cy’biaTb HeBO3- 
MomAOH AOBIIO Ch WhraMH mmposamu. Tarn o6pasoms, ren. Crec-: 
CeIb MPeCANPHAAXS MBPH, IAMABIMIA ROMCHIAHTA TOTO: NOAcNOpbA, Ra- 
-KO€ MOIS NOAYIBTH OCARKICHHHIH w CKYAHEH oposiantoms Lopts-Ap- 
TYPb OTb MOpH ***). 

4) Korga navaszacb ocaga, xpbnocrs, mbiictBaTe-tBHO, He ONO, 1a 
H He MOrAO OnITH. Bh en BHCOvaHMe YTBepRIeHHLIXd WTaTax’b (H3- 
AaHH BD OETHOpS 1903 r.) no Ragofi-rO pokoBoli saOHIBIHBOCTH CO- 
BepmeHHO Be yioManaaoch 06% NAReHeEpHOMS yupaBrenin. H xors 
NOPTb-ApTYpckoe HayaAbLCTBO, HO HMBA AAReHepOBh, USPAANO BOAHO- 
BaJ0Ch, UTO HeIb3A NPACTYNATD KB NocTpolish xKphnvcTHnxb coopy- 
ACH, HO yYKasaTb BRICIIMMS BIACTAMD HA CTOAL CRABAAIBAYH ONI0NI- 
HOCTh, BUAHMO, HAKTO HE phimmaica. <Kpbmoctnoc BARenepHOC ympas- 


*) ,Pab%, 13 ansapa 1903. 
**) Tloxasanic noqnomkos. Bepmunuuna, cw. ,Phup“, 12 gexadps 1907, 
***) Tloxasanie noaznomkos. Bepuannna, ,Pbib*, 11 snpapa 1908. 
6* 


84 A. NETPHINLEBD. 


xeHie BB I[loprs-Aptypb, 10 cxoBaMb MoIKOBAHEa XsBocrora, cop- 
MHpOBalH (TafiHO, BOMpekH BHICOYae YyTBePpRACHHHMS IlTaTamt), 
yee KOra Hayasach BOfHa, HO 06% STOMb HAKAKOTO UpHEasa He 6120, 
H OHO CYIIeCTBOBaIO BCH ocagy HeodaiasbHo» *). Komwenzaary 
NPHUAOCL Ha CIbXb BO BPEMA OCAAH CTPOHTb yEpbuzewia. «Ho xorza— 
HBL0B8ICH Ha cylB r CuapHOBh,— NOHAaAOOHAHCh JOHLTH Lid PacizaTE 
cb pabowaMa 3a nocTpo#ky BepkoBs, rex. Crecceab rpy60 OTKa3arb 
Bb Bas ACcCHTAOBEH... Of IPHEAsast UpekpaTaT, padors Ha BTO- 
poli xnHia OOopoHH, KOTOpOH 4 IpAxaBars OrpomHoe sHayeHie». I pas- 
Aa, NOTOMB res. Crecceab paspBIIHXb IPOKSBOAHT 8TH paboTH, HO 
yee TOra, KOTAa Haliexame YEPBUATS BIOPyN ABHIW He ObLAO HE 
BPeMCHH, HH BOSMORHOCTH. «ORD pacxosoBalt GoeBHe sallachy, Ipo- 
JOBOABCTBIe, HHAKeHEPHHe MATepiaAL! Oe8b BCAKALO CHOMEHIA CO MHON, 
KOM@BJaHTOMD, H TEMS NyTalb BCH MOB pacdeTN». «dKansapMckoMy 


' MOXEOBHHEY Mukesayze Ob TpOSHAb apecToMb 8& TO, FTO TOTH Ha- 


HOMHHAb JOMAMHHNS TeHepasa Crecceia 0 MOeMD O6A3ATCILHOMS 10- 
CTAHOBACHIH 3aKPHBaTb OFHH Bb JOMB NO BeyepaMs, TOO 10 HEWS 
He MOFAH OpieHTHPOBaThCA OAOKHPYNMIa HACh ADOHCKIA CyAa»... <i 
nepepexb laaAbHHHCKYH OOALHHOY 3b-N0%b orgs, a reu. Creccen, 
IpoBbzaBL 06% STOMb, TOTYACh NMPHKasalb BOABOPATS ee OOparTHor... 
Boo6me,—cxb1arL Ha CyB BLIBOXS YF. CMHPHOBD, — pacdopamesia res. 
Creccera cnoco6cTBoBasd Ooabe ycubxy ocaksawmuxh, YMb ycubxy 
OCaKLCHHHXS **). 

OTH YeTHPe NYHETAa A OPHBORY BB BUNS Uupsmbpa. A craparzcs 
POPMYIMPOBaTh BX BO3MOXAO TOYHBE, NOCKOABKY MOF pasoOparTncs 
Bb UPOTHBOPBIHBHXS CBHI'BTeXLCKHXE oKasaniaxp. He Bee tyts 
acho. 48 MCHA AHYHO HeSCHO, Haup., 00 abemy coOcTBeHHO pacio- 
paxenin OHIb YHAYTOREHS Bb CAaMOMD HaiaIB Ocagw acceBHsaMio“- 
Hf 0603%, H ETO IPHkasalb ACHOPTHTS pHOadbu AOAKH. POpMyaAHpys 
STH MYHKTH, HX CVeAb BOSMORAHMD OMPEABACHHO HasLiBaTb Trew. Crec- 
COI AHL Bb THXb CAYWAAXS, KOTMAa OHS CaM, CYAA 00 raseTHHID 
pedepatamb, He OUpOBepralb H He DbITaicd ONpowepralTh yARVWawMis 
ero 1okasaHia. Bo BcaKOMS cayyab, BHIBON Tr. CMAPHOB& HE FOxOCIO- 
BeHb; OHb BOOIHB COOTBBTCTBYeTh PARTHICCKAME OOCTOATeCIbCTBANDS 
bra. He nocab nagenia <kpboocra» uw He Ha CyB TOAbKO, KOMEE- 
anTb CMupHOBD OpHmierb Kb yObxRAeHiW, ITO Tew. Crecceab CBOHME 
ubpaMa Bpelaib pyccko# apmin uw nomoraat suosckofi. Io ero czo- 
BaMb, OHS BHI’ 9TO BO BpemsA camo ocagu. H He Morb He BE- 
xbrp. Ho BHAA H NOHEMAA STO, OH «HO NOCHAAI WHChMCHHHIXS X0- 
EKAaOBh TAaBHOKOMAHAYMMEMY», & OFpaHHGIABaics YCTHHMH Yepess 
ABYX® OPuOepoBL renepalbHaro DITaba. Owb MOIS 3aSBATb, ITO CHEH- 
MaeTL cb ce6a OTBETCTBEHHOCTh, H DO"eMy cHEMaeTb. Ho OB, BE- 





a ee ee 


*) ,Pbab“, 11 qexa6pa 1907. 
**) ,Pbub*, 11 xaeka6pa 1907. 3Kanyapmckaro noAKOBHHKa Murkexaxse 
reu. Creccelb cocrzarb Bb JIinoTemauHb. 








XPUHHKA BHYTPEHHEH 3KUSAL. . 85 


ANTe AH, ¢«CTapHil KayeTh» H <He XOTBIb BHHOCHTS COPa H3b B86». 
M ero 8aMHTHHRG AAMb NOCTABHIL TOUKY Had i, ROTA NpPONSHECh 
Ha cylB pbIb, CMBICIL KOTOPOH CBOXHICH Kb TOMY, 4TO XoTA Tr. Cuup- 
HOB H ObIIb KOMCHAGHTOM'S, HO DOJ1eKHTS OpaBsaniw, “60 BO BCeM'’S 
BHHOBATE Ted. Creccesb. Bb CYMHOCTH KOMCHJAHTS IYBCTBOBAIh Cceba 
TaKb HC, Kakb H HEHSBRCTHO KOMY DOAIHHEHHHE HHHeHepLI HeOpH- 
WiadbHO CYyMleCTBOBABMaro NOPTb-apTypckaro kpbuOcTHOrTO uHReHEp- 
Haro yopaBlenis. [loBuyuMOMY, Tak He yBcTBOBaIH ceOa H BOeH- 
HHe Wensopa Woprs-aprypcko# rasetn «Hosni Kpal». Coodpasxo 
eomel anapxin Bb Doprs-Aptypb, rasery OqHOBpeMeHHO TeHsypHpo- 
Badu H Bb MTa6b ren. Creccesa, x BB wTadb r. CuapHosa. Korga 
Ha cyaé ren. Creccetb cTalb TOBOPHTb, YO OH BHHYAICHS OID 
UIplOCTaHOBHTb TaseTy, TaKb Kakb BS Heli NOABIAAMCh 8aMBTEH, U0- 
MOTABIig, 10 ero MHBHiN, ADOHNAMb Y3HaBaTb EPBOOCTHHIEG CekpeTH, 
Gap. Ocrent-CakeHb salaib eMy BOUpOCD: 

— Buhl 3Haan, ITO razeTa DeHsypupyerca Y Bach BS WTabb? 

— TOIbEO A CaMb He 4ATAID,—OTBBTHID Yr. Creccesb. 

— Hy, a wactpyruiw BH 7aln wa sto neHsypH? 

— Htrs. | 

— Bs Tarkomb cayiab, nepanit orsbraukb—Balrb NeHs0ps' 

— He mory saatTs,—ckasarp vr. Creccelb 4 chIb DOB serniii 
CMBXB BB Dy61nEb» “*), 

Ilensypa r. Crecceia 6naa n0,06Ha COCTaBATeASMb Wpoerta 
MOPTh-apTYPCKUXb KPBMOCTAHXD MTaToRb. Ona Boslarala HasexIh 
ha Wensypy KoMeHs~anta. Ilewsypa KOMeH_aHTa Ha eHsypy r. Crec- 
ceria. HM Bb pesyasTaTbh Jame Taka MedkaA 8anaya, Kakb mb1ec0- 
o6pasHoe pacxofoBanie kaseHHHXS KPACHHXb pH, pbuarach BB 
TOpAARB yRIOHeHIA OTb OOMB8AHHOCTH coobpaxkaTh, 3TO Whraellb, 
OTBBiaTS 3a coxbanHoe. [loxomenie, a 6esb TOTO TPyAHOe H CIORHOC, 
AleHb OTO-JHA CTAHOBHIOCh cxomH'be a TpyAHbe. Hactynaxrb MOMeHTS, 
KOTAa OT SNOHCKAXDS CHAPAJOBD He ObLIb TapanTBpOBaHb HA OAHHS 
yroxoxs Iloprs-Aptypa. Bs konmrb nos6pa wiv BB Hayarh Aenabpa— 
pHOAwsHTeAbHO AeNbIn 3a 3 HAH 4 AO huwala — «reHepasbMe 
Crecceab UPHCTYNHIa Kb yEAAKS Bene», «usb 14 noma On 
IoTpe60BaHH cAecapa H MAOTHHEA»; «70 mbcTb Bemel reHepala 
Creccesh OnIH 3a0aKOBaHl Tak’b, ITO MOPIH BIepKaTh HE OMHO 
KpyrocBbrHoe TyTemectsie» **). «Bem salakoBaHi». Ho BoeHHH 
COBBTS, cosBaHHn r. Creccelews, He BhICKasaicad sa caaazy Loprs- 
Aptyps. Hayalbaaky HecCynecTByHmMaro «ykpbuAeHHaro pafona» Ups- 
IMLI0Cb TARH BB KOH KOHNOBS MpeOAIPHHATL OTBBICTBCHHHH Dare: 
TOHKOMD OTB KOMCHAQHTA OBB Haialb WeperoBCpH O KavHTY- 
amin. Ho xapagtepHo: npexje TbMb eperoBOph UpHBeAH Eb TOMY 
HAH HHOMY peSyAbTaTy 00 IpHKasy, HOHSBBCTHO OTB KOTO HCXO- 





*) «<PBub», 12 nexa6pa 1907. 
**) Yxasanie noxkosa. TupTosa, ,Pbyp*, 16 anpapa 1908 r. 





86 A. IETPHINEB'. 


AMBMIEMY, pycckia Boficka cCTaaH OFNMAaTh BaxkHBAMA 3b 3aHH- 
"MaeMHIXh BMH Bb TO Bpewa mosunifi. Heuspbcrao, no deft #HH- 
niaTHBS, HO «KpBNOCTS» YMHIINXCHHO IPHBOAHAACh BB TakOH BH, 
pH KOTOPOMb MeperoBopHl O cyaqvb HABAAAHCh A'BAOMD HE CTOAEO 
OTBBICTBCHAHME, CKOIDKO HeHsObmEnIM'S. V ene xapaxTepHad WeTasb,— 
Jae IPH WOCHARB YUOAHOMOFERHHXS Ja OROHYATeALBArO OPOpPMACHIZ 
ycaoBi KaluTysaniu, Bb [loprs-Aptypb HHKOrO He HAaMA0ch, KTO 6nI> 
6H 0648a8H> J4Tb BHCTPYKNIN, BLIpaboTaT, Th AAW Apyria onpexbiewans 
NpeAIOReHiA, KOTOPHA MOKHO OL10 OH NOIORATL Bb OCHOBY Heperose- 
poss. YuorROMOVeHAHE poccificko# apMiu UpocTO ABHAHCh BB HasHa- 
yenHoe MbcTO. HU ch yquBusmeli sM0HNeB> MaCCHBHOCTLN HPHHARH 
HOAMHCAIH ycaoBia Lo6bzuTers. 

«Cysp6oH rpamanckaro Haceszenia [loprs-Aprypa resepaxs Crec- 
ceXb BOOOUIe He: HATepecoBaica», 10 OTSHBY NOANOAKOBHHEA Bepma- 
HHHa. Mi nOTOMY eCTeCTBeHHO, 4TO HHTepecH rpaksakcKaro Hacexzesis 
pH moguace yciosili kanuTyaamin OAM coBepmenHO s3a6HITH. Ho 
opulepy, YHOIHOMOYeHHHe T. CrecceteMh, YXHTPHAHCL 3aOhITh axe 
QO COMbAXE O*HHCPOBL H HARHHXD YHHOBS. «Kanutyzalia He 06¢e3- 
NeYH1a CeMbAMb CO1JaTb HH KBaPTUPh, HH UpoOsxOBOAbcTBIA>. Toraact 
nocaB cyaqw «kpBUOCTH» OBS OHIH BHICCICHH H3% KaseHAbXh KBap- 
THD H JHWEHH MpoOAOBoAbcTsBia. «MKeHoUHH H WhTH OyKBaXbHO [v- 
102.1H,—TOBOpHABHA CYAB NOANOAKOBHAED BepmuauAb.—Ousb nzaKale, 
phaiv, YMOAXIH MCHA 0MOU uM. H O6paTHica Kb ANOHMaMS. TS 
NORBMAIH OieUaMH H TOBOPHAH, 4YTO BHHOBATH He OHH, a pyccaib 
HavaibHHEb, HE UpexycmMoTpBBmit sTorO Bb ycAOBiIAXh KALHTY AA». 
«Henn (H ABTH) OPHNEPOBL OLYTHAHCH HE Bb AYIWMewb NOLOMeHIne. 
Oss DOAYIHIH OTE ANOHDERD UPuKazanie OTOPABHTSCA Kb MYXBAMS 33 
19 sepcrs. Ho upofita mbmkoms 19 Bepcrb cb XBTDMH H BMYMECT- 
BOMD OHA0 AMS HE DONS cuary. LepeBosowwnxb Ke cpeAcTBD Be OnLy. 
VM ogb Take 03aka1H, YMOJSH OOMOUb uMb. A oOpaTaica EB A0H- 
CKO AaNMHHACTpaliv, HO MHS OTBBTHAH, ITO 00% STOMD NOAH OLE 
nosa60THTbCaA Pycckie BOCHOHAYaIbHHER» *). I. Crecceab <OHND ETH- 
TOPOME DepksH mTa6a Epbooctu». Ho sa6wxb, yTO HaxO DOCTAaBHTS 


ycroBie xoTa OH 0 KepKOBHOME uuyMecTBS. HKorga xe CBAIMCHHEE> © 


TepkBH, 0. ['zaroxeBb, cupocaayb ykasania renepasa Crecceaa, 410 
(haath, TO MOAYYHIb BL OTBBTD: Abaalite, ITO xoTaTe» **). SaGuTe 
6HI0 O cymecTBOBaHiH BD [loprs-Aptyp& Pyccko-Kuraiickaro 6aska 
VM secau He om“6alch, A0 CHXb Dopb ‘eme He pbwexb XHTAOMATH- 
yeckif BONpPOCh,—kaseHHHH oTO 6aHED HAH YacTHWH, IPHHaAAeRHTS 
AH ANOHDTAaM’S BCA HAXHIHOCTH, OkABABMAACA Bb MOMCHTS KANBTYAAUIE, 
HIH He IpHHasitexuTh; 00 panei Mbpb, Ha Cys BHACHHAOCh, IT’ 
CHOph 0 XpaHHBMuXca Bb OaHeb DOpPTb-aprypcKHXE OOMleCTBeHHHIX> 
cyMMax® (0K010 300.000 p.) gocerb He OkOHYeH'D. SaOHTO OHAO axe. 


*) ,PbBab‘ 11 supapa 1908 r. 
**) Tlokasanie noAKOBH. THproza, Pub“, 16 Ansapa 1908. ~ 





XPOHHKA BHYTPEHBEH RH3GH. 87 


KTO COOCTBEHHO BHJacTh 10cab KaNATYAADIN BOCHHO-IXSHHHMS COMa- 
TAMD JOKYMCHTH, YAOCTOBBPSMMie BXb AMGHOCTD. «I pHmA0CH oTO WhAaTS 
MHS,—TOBOPHTS NOMMOIROBHHED Bepaineuyt,—xo0Ta # H CUHTAaACa 
BOCHHONISHHEMS. A KOTMa A yhskaxb “3b ApTypa, TO OCTaBH.Ab 
RHITY TAKHXE NOAUHCAaHHHXS MHOW YuOCTOBSpenifi xeHb canuTapHaro 
HucuekTOpa r-mb CyO6oTaHo#, KOTOpad H B8Hta Ha ce6a Tpyrb BH- 
ain HX» ). *) 

OTO He SHAYHTS, TO F. Crecceab 060 BCeMB 3a6HAS HHH O YeMD 
ne sadoTHaca. Ero, salpHMbpt, O4Hb BOIHOBAIS BONpPOCh, <kyAa 
CUPATATh SOIOTHA Bash», IHYHO «<OCMOTPBHHLIA ONBIIEMD BOCHHEIMD 
MHHHCTpOME KyponaTKusHMh». «Ha BOonpoch opercbyateia, oTsyza 
STH Bash B8AIMCh, rehepart Creccesb OTBBTHID, ITO OHS OAH BSATH 
BO BpeMA NOKHHCKarO NOXOxa BL OAHOH OoraTOH KuTalicxof dansb». 
XapakrTepHo, MexXLY NPOUMS, — M0 cHOBams Tr. Crecceas, 9TH «Tpo- 
@eu» muHuCcTpSD KypolarkHHb JAHYHO «paciiperbasab 00 pasaH4- 
HHMB OunepckuMb co6panHiams Bb Iloprs-Aptypb». Muusacrps, 
-KOTOpHH IHGHO pacUperbisib Bask, HO 30H, ITO Jad DocrpohEs 
«KpBoOcTH», Tb aTH Bash HAXOAATCA, HYAAMW HHCHEPH, TporarerbHO 
COOTBBTCTRYeTh OPHDEPaMS, NOMMMCABINMMS YCAOBIA NOPTb-apTypcKo# 
KalaTyizguin. Upespayaitno saboTHaca Tagme r. Creccerb 0 cyIbOb 
RAKOTO-TO KOBpa, 3a6nITaro HaMBcTHAKOMB AxeKchbeshiuh. HM m0 0co- 
Gomy xoxaralicrsy r. Creccezsa Ha cyxb «620 OrzalleHO NHCbMO 
r. Alekcbesa cympyrb noscyquMaro Cb OlaroxapHOCTDIO 8a AOCTABRY 
OsHaueHHaro KOBPa HW Cb BOSsBpameHiemt 12 pyOuell 8a ero nepe- 
chaky». Bosmoxao, %To sTow sadoranBocThw r. Creccezaa oTwacTH 
oObaACHaeTCA XapakTepHH eH30Nb, pasckasaHHHf Ha cyrb Nomnol- 
ROBHHEOM® KepnisHHHbMs. 

Cauybrelb BHXHONOTaIb y renepaza Horn 18 ap6s x14 oanep- 
CKHXS eHb H href. «Ho yepesb HBCKOABEO 4ACOB,—YFOBOPATB 
OHS,—kKO MHS ABBAHCh XB& ANOHCEAXS O*aLepa 4, HSBHHARCh, 0604- 
SBHIH, TO IIpOHsOMIxO HBMbHeHie, Takb Kak TeHeparb Creccexb 
HPOCHA MpeAOcTaBHTh YaCTb BTAX 18 apOs emy, a Tenepars Horn 
He ciex> BOSMOKHHME Bb 9TOMb OTEASATb, H_ UpeAOCTaBAI H3b 
18 ap6s 10 BB pacnopssenie Crecceza» **). 

Bs camoms whib, A06anoqkbia ap6hl HMeHHO DOTUMY H MOTAH I0- 
HafOOHThCS, YTO HeAbSA He OpocaTh Bele, HA KOTOPHXS Bb JakHHh 
MOMCHTE OHXO cOcpeqoTOyeHO BCe BHAMaHie r. Creccezs. ‘ 


Il. 


Jo cyaa BHICRASHBadach AOragka 0 BOSMORHOCTH npaMott H8M'BHH. 
Kant Ob HaMeKb Ha OTY JOTaMKY CKBOSHAD M Ha CyAb BS NOKasa- 





*) «Pbab>, 11 anBapa 1908. 
**) .Pbab", 11 anBapa 1908. 


88 A. IETPHILEBD. 


Hin HBEOTOpHXE cBurbrenel,, TOBOPHBMEXS, ITO pacnopamenia Crec- 
COI KaSaldCh CTPAHHHMH H 8araxqounHMA. HM oto oObacHenie One 
' Ob CAaMHIMS IPOCTHMb B HaH6ombe NOHATHHIMDS O6nBaTeIW. Ho one 
HACTOAbEO UPOTHBUPbIMTS Xapagtepy AbHcTBYWMLAXD ABIVb, TAaKb He 
coobpasveTca cb lcuxosoriell cpeqW, YO HaMeKH Ha H3MBHY XOTA 
SBYWalH, HO He OHAH NMOAxXBayeAH. OH yb CIHIKOMS YOpOMlam 
rbao. HW snoanb ocuopareibHo OTBeprayTH. 

He Takb Jasao HbETO Tr. BpyTh Hagarb BB «Honoms Bpemeau» 
CHCTEMATHYCCKYH KaMManil) NpOTHBS TaaBHaro uAenepa MOPCKOL 
apTHisepiag renepaaa Bpugsa. Kammania Befetcxh o7eHb TOHKO. Bp 
cTaTbaxXb T. Bpyra BuoInsS BEepxanb TOHD pasd06sayenia BooHmre 
HeMOpAAROBb Bb MOPCKOMS BBAOMCTBS. ABTOPd AUMb DOUYTHO Cco06- 
IMaeTs Oiorpapuyeckia cabybaia o r. Bpangeb. WM ecau ocranapim- 
RACTCA H2 STHXD CBBASHIAXD, TO KAKb Ob AMM WIA HIAwWcTpania. Yu- 
TATCAH, OJHAKO, NOCTeMeHHO ysHawTh, 4 KTO Tako r. Bpaues, H ITe 
VHD Tak0e, H Kaki Y HeTO POMCTBOHHHIA CBA8H Cb alMBHACTpatiell 
Q6yxuBcKaro saBoza. WH korza noceb cHCTeMaTHYCCKHXD yNOMHHAHifi- 
o reHepaxb Bpnukb r. Bpyrh namerb 0 «cnz0ueHHOH macch MHHH- 
CTEPCEHXD BIBUOBD, OPYAOBABIMHXb BCBMB ABIOME JO pasrpoma 
PA0TA WH PBMOUTeEABHO HE ReAAOMAXb BHMYCTHTh CfO B3b CBOHXS 
pyKb H Tellepb» *), ITaTeIb ye AOCTATOWHO NOATOTOBACHS, EYAa yRa- 
BaTb NadbleM'b. 

Hago orqaTb cupapexanpocth Tr. Bpyry, @akTH, coOpaHHbe uM'b, 
mpamMo Taka yOilicrBeHun. Both, Hanp., pasckasb O TOMB, Kak% 
Tr. Bpanes nsodpbrs 10-qwimosyh nymKy Aza bxora. Io upoerry 
Opyxie «mo1yaHa0ch Ha 400 LyAOBb Aerge CyXONYTHaro. OTY AeCTKOCTS 
BpHHEb cTaBalb ce6b Bb Oo1bm0e NpeaMymectTBo... Ho korga Abse 
AOWAO JO HCOHTabia opyzia crpbab6ow, To Wymksa Bpauka craau 
pBaTbea ona 3a aApyro#. Pasymwbetca, Bpuakt o6BHHHXS Bb 93TOu 
Heylaxb 3aBOACKAX TEXHHEOBEL (O6yxosckaro sapora)... Bs Rona 
KOHNOBb, M0cxb TOTO, KAakb YcMBAO pasopBaTbCA YTO-TO OKOIO je- 
CATH IIVINCKS,... OTEOBKA Opyaifi Oza epexaha HHReHepb-MeCXaHHEY 
Bpaaky (crapmemy), OTRHTE—HHReHOpt-TexAouory PxRemlorapcKomy, 
MpoMeRyTOWHaA OOTOUKA CTBOXOBS M@HAY KOBEOW UX A OTRHBTOME 
OCcTaiach Bb pykaxt HHxKeHepa byxzsauckaro. Llocrb staxt samba 
OpyAia nepectaaH pBaTbca. xb 65130 HBIOTOBIeHO JeCATD MITYKS- 
Tioctapaiu 4xb Ha 6ponesocus: «CenaBHHb», «YMakoBh» H «ADPak- 
CHHB». Brictiee MOPCKO@ HAaYaIbCTBO YCHOKOHAOCh»... CexpeTh xe, 
nowMy UymkH Bpuaka epecraya pBaTBCd, OFeHE pocTs: <Onze 
CAbxaHO pactopaxeHie Ha 8TH TPH KopabAd HACTOSMHXh OOCBELXD 
ZaPHNOBL HAKOTAa He AaBaTb, & TOTOBUTS JH HAXS OCOOHeE yMeHL- 
IM@HHH6 3apatH. OTH TpH KOpabAM COCTAaBAAH BAOCUACTHYW OCKakpy 
HeOoratopa, H Bb QYCHMCKOMD 600 CTpbiaiH YMCHbIUCHHHMA Sapa- 
A&SME—BOTS HCTHHHAA NpHynHa, MOYWMY CHAPAAH, KakB 8TO Onze 


*) ~HoBoe Bpema“, 3. Il. 1908. 











XPOHHKA BAYTPEHHER KHSHA. 89. 


YCTaHOBIeHO Ha CyNeOHOMb pasOHpaTexbcTBb, He JOeTAIH JO He- 
npisTeaa *). 

Kpom’ Toro, MOPCEHMb MHHACTePCTBOMD «OHH KYNIEHH Y Ppax- 
nysckaro wuKeHepa Kano yeprexu (ckOpocTphabHHXb saceros), 
mo ykasaHii Bpaaga a Cosonkaro, koropHe IpnsHam cuctemy Kant 
Hawiyumen Bb Espont... Bb 1895 r. HoBnie sadeTH Onan mocta- 
BIeHH Ha «lmuTpiit JloncKoit», «Poccim», <Cmcot Beansift»y. Ha 
BCBXb Tpexb KOpadssxb OBA UpousBexeHo ucniTanie UXb cTpbAb- 
60, H Ha BCBX TpeXb CylaxXb aTH AAac*eTH NOAOMANHCh H IpHTOM' 
COBepileHHO OfHOOOpasHHME cmoco6omb»... Texauyeckiff KOMUTeTD 
NOPCKOrO MBHACTepcTBa (rb AbAaMA OpynAyeTb BpsHRS uw ero NpHC- 
HG), PBMHIb, YO BHHOBaTS Odyxoxcrift sasozs. Ha sto «OnuAd 
3b SQBOMCKHXS OMHMEPOBh OTBSTHNIL TeOPeCTHIECKHMh TpakTaTOM'’s 
Cb DOATBEPKACHICME ero Oftbitann>. Odulepb HOkasarb, ITO Aaers 
Kans He MOMCTH BHepRATh CHIU OTAAIH pA opysififomb BEI- 
cTphmrB. «OTY (AOKIAHYIO) BANAMCKY TeXHHYeckit KOMHTeTS CIpATAIL 
WON CYKHO... Odanepb, Noxapmifi ee, OHIb OTCTABAeCHS OTb NpoOHUs- 
KOACTBA BL CIbAyoui wab». Texauyecsiii oMMTeTS pacnopAyHica 
cibsaTb han paxb usMbuenili, uro6nt, Mesxzy MPOUAMs, «Bpe HAA 
JOMAWMAd CH1a» OTIAIH TpaTH1ach Ha WBuxeHie NyMekb ocr’ BH- 
cTpbaa. «IlocaxbB stToro DOIOMEH, ABHCTBUTeIbHO, NPekPaTBANCh, HO Na- 
eTH ObIH COBEPMeHHO AHMICHH GROPOCTPBIBHOCTH, UOTOMY 4TO OCIS 
Kaxelaro BLICTPbIa MyWKA ONYCcKkadach, Hee HajO OHIO Kamin pasb 
NOJBUMATb, ITO BHSLIBAIO TpaTy BpeMeHH... Bapowem’t, Ha BCBXS yepTe- 
Haxb WH BO BCBXD OTUCTAXD MpPOOARAIH WCATh MO WpeHeMY: «cKO- 
pocTpbAbHHA WyMEu>... MW wayaapcTBo 640 JOBOIbHO. Camo co6om 
pasym'beTcs, ITO H MBIKOCTS OTEXD OpyAill He Morda OCTaTECH lipex- 
Hel, pasb WyYOIKa BO BpeMA BHCTPbia UporbinBasa salto-mortale. 
Ho sTo eme He BCe. BS MHpHOe BpeMA HAallh MAOTH cTpbisrb Ha 
ouenb HeGosbmia pascTosHia, MO0sTOMY NYMKH Deperx BHCTpBIOMS 
CTABHIHCh NOY TOPHSOHTAIbHO, H AMDB OHO MHOTO MBCTa AIA BH- 
xKeHia kKHHsyY. Ha BOHHS xe ANOHDN He DOReIAaIH CpamaTbea Cb 
HaMH Ha IS HBHUBHIXS Jia Hach pascTosniaxts. Jaa crpbas6n xe 
Xaabheli, Kak HSBBCTHO, HalO UpasaBatTs opyszis 6ommok yroms, 
T. @. IPHXOAUTCAH ONYCKaThb 8afHWW WacTb OpyAif DoW AO maryOH. 
TIpH Takaxb ycuoBiaxh MymkaMb HeKYAa yxRe ONXO ONYcKkaTSCA BO 
BpeMA BLICTPbla,—KOMHTETCKOG KOMMOBCTBO WOTepsAIO cHAY H JadeTH 
cTaiH sJomMaTeca». VW, nanpambpt, BO BpeMa 608 «BAATUBOCTORCRAXS 


a ae a ee te 





*) ,Hopoe Bpema“, 27. 1. 1908. Kakb On BCKONL3b OpomenHoe DepeuH- 
- exenie saBOCKHXb HHKCHEPOBD 10 hamuninub Kb WbIY coOOcTBeCHHO He OT- 
mocaTcs. Ho A OCTABNAW OTOTh WTPHXb, KaAKb XapakTepHHA 1a aBtopa. 
Buocabyctaia r. MeHbMAKOBS OUpeABAHAB CMEICI YVTHXDd MITPAXOB Mpo- 
CTHM® YIOMHHAHIOMS, ITO TreHepalb BpHakb—noAAKS Hw OpaTs oOyxosckare 
muxeHepa Bpuaxa. H taxams o6pasomt, Kakb OH caywahhO HasBaHHHA da- 
muxin Byysunccif, Paemorapckif nocnyxann NocHAkoh AIA BHBOAA © 
noxrbeKoh HuaTpars. Cu. ,Hosoe Bpema“, 5. Il. 1908. 


90 a. UXTPHILEB'D. 


KpeHcepuBb cb afmupaJoMb Kamumypo#... na «Pocciv» Toibko ABS 
HYWIKH ObIIH NOJGHTH ANOHCKUMH CHapsNaMH, & 6c OCmaAdHOLA NpU- 
HYWCOENDL SLU 3AMOAMAMS, NOMOMY YMO Laem NOAOMAAUCE ~ ). 

TakobH xbitcrsia r. Bpauka go [lycumm. Ho sorb nocré Boku, 
H «Ha OCHOBaHiH sce COBOKYOHOCTH Hamlero GoeBoro ONHTa» MODP- 
ckoe MHBuCTepcTBO BHpadoTazo HOBHH THObD 8 u 10-_DHMUBHIXD 
opyniti. Ho TyTh cHoBa Ha cUeHY BHCTyNaeTS Tr. BpHeed H MpeH3- 
BOATS Cablyoniee. «Kpeliceps <«PwopHa» OMEb 3aka3zab’b Bb AdTaix 
Bukgepcy BMbcrB Cb Oyikamu... darbmb, He 3HaW, — FOBOpHTS 
r. BpyTb,—n0 abe HauDiaTHBb—HsroTOBASeMHA Jia Hach Bakgep- 
COMb ITVDIGH OLLIM UPH3Haeb HeNpHrO,HHMH, H TraaBHH HAReHEPL 
MOpcKOH apTHaaepix reHepaxt-maiop>? bpwHakb nepesarh Bukgepcy 
Ji PYKOBOACTB& YepTeKH HAINX' HOBHIXDS 8 uv 10-10HMOBLIXE Opy- 
gif. Kro emy aTO paspbm@iviab, 4 He 3HaW, HO oepesayenw YepTexel 
xba0 He orpaHHyHsocs. IlpH ucuutTanin 8-j0HMOBLIXD Opymli Ha 
saB0lb Bukkepca BHACHHIOCD, 4TO aHYdifickie cHapayW He BLIepaes- 
BaWTb CTOAb O01bIHXb CkOpocTeli, y HHXb CpHBaNTCH mBAHHE 
HOACKH, H OHH UOPTATS KaHaab opyzifi. Mopcko# TexHugeckifi KOMH- 
TCTh TMB KC CAaMHIME NOPSIKOMD cooOmuss Bukkepcy 4 cexpeTHHl 
CHOCO6G saxbskH 9THXb OOACKOB, Cb OOAbIMMHMD TPYJOMb BHIpaoo- 
TaHHH Ha O6yxoBCKOMb saBoxb» **), 

lr. Bpyrh we gbaaeTh BHBOa. Ob AHUIb aplyMeHTHpyers. 
Hpasja, sHavenie nocabsjgaro, H OTD MOKeTS, HakGorbe CHIbHArO 
apryMeHTa Ociza6AgeTS Camb xO Tr. BpyTs upocrow cupasBrow. Hame 
MOPCKO@ MHHHCTepcTBO «Ha& OCHOBaHiA BCel COBOKYOHOCTH GoeBOre 
OUHTa» H806pbio He TOIbKO HOBLLM LYUIKH, HO H «HOBHA MHHhi, KO- 
TOPHA 110 OTSHBY OTPA#a MHHHHX}® kpelicepoBb, OkAasAaIHCh xXyaue 
pexHuxXp»... Ho BO BCSKOMS cayyab opexnozoxenie 06% u3Mbus, co- 
SHATCADHOM®) CHapaKedin MAOCTA OPYAIAMH, KOTOPHIA PBYTCH, H Jatpe- 
TaMH, KROTOPHIG AOMAQITCH; JOAMHO OH HalpalllHBaTbCA Camo coOon. 
MW Bce-TakH OOMecTBeHHad MHICIb, DOCKOABKY OH2 OTpamaerTca Bb 
HHESMHeH DepiokuaeckoH DewTH, Takb ®@€ He CkAOHBAa Mpeyxno.sza- 
TaTb, ITO Tr. BpHHkD H3MBAHBEKD, KAK HO CKIOHHA CIMTAaTh H8MbAAA- 
KOM ObIBIarO BOeCHHaTO MHHACTpa KyponaTkuaa, XOTa ero 3a0nIBaH- 
BOCTb, 3TO Jad EPBUOCTH HYKA HHKEHEPH,:-cTpanha Hu saragouna. H 
OHO NOBATHO. 

[r. BpHuxa u HKypotarkuga He savbMb 3amlMmath. <Ho BOTS 
6bya: BO BCeMh HalleMs joTB HBrb elle HH OMHOFO YAOBbEA, KOTO- 
pit OI SHAN, EARS HAlO-cTpbasTs 43% opysid Ha Mops BB coBpe- 
meHHOMS 600». HlocrbB BohHH yxe TDH Tosa 3achlaeTh «KoMaccis 
H3Sb BCBXB CYJOBHXb apTHXACPHCTOBS, BepPAYBIIAXCA cb Bocroxa, 


Aid pbmenia Boupoca, KaKB Hallh (sOTA JOARCHS cTpbaatTs». Ho- 


OH& Okasalach 6e3CHIbHOW ITO-1460 MpaayMaTb. «HexasHo ea uper- 


*) «Hos. Bp.», 3. I]. 1908. 
**) ,Hosoe Bpema‘, 2. II. 1098. 





XPOHBKA BHYTPEHHEA Rusu. 9} 


chyarelb... Camb Mepedpasapopalb UpaBala cyxonyTHok crTpbabdsr 
MOPCKHMH CIOBaMH H IpeAJORHAL KOMHMCCIM YTBEPAUTD UX‘ H [aTb 
Hb PyKOBOJcTBY BO dxzorb». Ho we#b KoMMCCiH Ha CTOIBKO JObHpo- 
COBBCTHE, 4TO HO COTMACHIHCh OTHECTHCh Bb WBIY YR'b CIMMEOMS 
opMaibHO. A Kakb PBUATA BONpOCh MO CyMecTBY,—HM®b BCeC-TakH 
HeasBbcTHO *). Buicuee AOTCKO@ HAYAABCTBO HACTOIbKO TeEXHHYECKH 
HECBBAyule, UTO NOpo He DOHUMAeTS Jae JOKIALOBS, IpelcTaBISeMHX 
Ha ero yTBepmienie. A BHHyACHO YTBePRAATb, HE 3HaH H He I10- 
HHMad, 0 Ge3I'b COOCTBEHHO ‘HyeTh pbab. Ba Buay ostToro «6nBwilt 
MHHHCTp® bupwaesh... sakasalb ceOb pesHHOBHIG WITAMIH Cb pas- 
HBIMH IPHIHYHLIMH NOQUMCHMH: «COrAaceHb Cb TBMb, TO OTBBT- 
CTBCHHOCTh OCTaeTCA Ha COCTABHTeIB JOKIaa» WT. D. TIA PosHblx'b. 
CAyWaeBb H IA pasBHXxb yupeasenilt»y. «3a nocrbania 25 WbTD 
TOXBKO OHHR BuDe-alMupais Jy6acoBb He saxOTbAb MOMWAUTLCA 
eToH (oO6mje#) yaacru. Oa craab qaTaTd Bch OyMarH Camb, WTal‘b 
HX HOM, YTAIb (JOMa) HOW, UPATsallalb CTOPOHHHXS JUITb 
paSBACHATh CMY HeEMOHATHHS MBCTA H AOCTHTS TOO, YTO pascrpousb 
Bcb Wbia, Tak’b KAR CaMHH HEOTIORHO-CIbMEHA pacnopameHia sare- 
UBAAHCh y Hefo Hesbin 00 3 nO 4» **), 

OTO BO aorb. OruocuTembHO cyxonyTHo apmix « uosBOaH cebb- 
OTMBTHTh ABA d0H20)a, BCKPHBIIHXCH Ha DOPTb-apTypcKOM’S Upe- 
neccb. Ilo o6meMy OT3SHBY, OJHHM’ H8b CaMHX>b 0Opas0BaHHhlxh 
omanepost Bb Iloprb-Apryp’ 611% reneparb Kosgzpareuko. Kaxb-To 
pasb coTpyqaHk® «Hosaro Kpas» Homuns <upibxarb BB pacno.10- 
meHie BOCK, reHepaza Poka». 

_— Sarbut coxa upibxasn? — ckasalp euy r. Sons. — <Ilobs-. 
malire BOHS TY12,—OHDb WOKasalb Ha Upasni daaurs, rab Onin 
uacta gzuBusin Kosyparenka. — Tamb yanuxu BaMb BC pasCka- 
KYTb»... ***), . 

Apyro snHus0%b, womaszy, xpacuopbaupbe. Kart ussbcrTuo, 
MYEHCKOe rpamtancKoe Hacexzenie Loprs-Aprypa, 6e8b pasaudia covi0- 
Biff, NouKsOCTeH. H OOpasoBaTeIbHaroO eH3a, OblAO UPHBAeWeHO KD. 
OTOHIBaHii0 BOHHCKOH NOBHHHOCTH Bb KAYeCTBS «APYRHHHHEOBDY. Bp 
YACIO APYXHUHHHKOBD, HapaBH cb padowwMu, NOMalH YAuTeIa, WMH 
cyqeOHaro BBAOMCTBa HT. 0. Ojnaatih, 10 CXOBaM MOANOIKOBHAKA 
Bepmununa, rexepazs Crecceab «3aMbTuiIb, YTO APYRAHHHEH BO 
BpOMA OTIHXa YATAWTE raseTy. Onb packpHialca Ha HX’ H... UPH- 
Kagarb (BHHOBHHXD) BHUOpoTs. Topoad Ha NMomapHOM® ABOps... 

— HKakb? Jame HHTCIIUTeCHTHHIXS 1Wfeh?—CcIpOCHIb UPOKYypops. 

— O paspbienix 4 ne CAHXarb,—oTBbrHuID fr. BepmiaHHHy ****).. 

OTa apMelickad HelpiasHb EB OOpas0BaHHOMY, Kb MHHTOIXL- 
TCHTHOMY WepeHOCHTb Hach KB AOMETPOBCKHML MOpMYIAaMb, KOTO-- 


*) «Hos. Bp.», 10 auBapa 1908. 
**) Ibid. . 
*0*) «Phub», 12 nexadpa 1907. 

+*#%) «Phob», 13 sHBapa 1908. 


§2 A. DETPRINEBD. 


PHIMH OpaBoczaBAad Mocksa cTapadach YHH3HTb H ONAeBaTh «<eLAWE- 
ckia 6opsocrH», «puTopcKia acTpoHoMiH», «OoromMepsocTHylo reoMer- 
‘piio> wn BCaKYIO BOOOme «hHAOcOmin». Upnwesy HempiasHA exBa IH 
AYHHO JOATO HCKaTb. Ona MpekpacHO H38LOKeHA Bh HeAABHOMh «<Up- 
Kyiapb riapHaro yipasienia resepaxbHaro mTa6a 06b oubHRS npex- 
BapATOIbHHXb MWHChMCHHHXS HCUHTAnif ‘OdulepoBh, Aexasmaxs 
NocTyHHTh oceHbw 1907 r. BB HakosaeBcky akazemiW reHepads- 
Haro mTa6a». Ilo cioBawb HPKYAApa, Ha HCONTaHisx, oOnapyaxene: 

«Ilo pycckomy asvixy—ciabaa TpaMOTHOCTb, rpyOns OpeorpagE- 
ueckia omuOKH, caa6oe cOmee pasBHTie, HeyMBHbe BHPAaKaTb MBICAH 
HCHO H CHATO, OTCYTCTBIC ACHOCTH Bb MHDIAeHIN, HelUCHIARHEpe- 
BaHHOCTh yMa; JHTepaTypHoe oOpasoBauie... HEOOXOAAMO UPH3HaTb HH- 
UTORALM, HELONYCTHMBIME AIA YAOBBEA, MpeTeHAyHMATO XOTA Gul 
H&® Kaky ABOYAb HHTCXAWTCHTHOCTH... 

flo ucmopiu—sHanie HCTOPHIeCKHXS PAKTOBS He BAeTD jambme 
yieOHoH KHUTA; COBepiieHHO HBTS TOFO, ITO HashBaeTCA HCTOPAYe- 
CKHMb NOHHMAHieMDh H pasBHTieMb; COBEPHICHHO A‘bTCKad OSAKA 08e- 
OniTifi Kakb OOmeH, TAaRb A pyccKOH HCTOpi#. 

Lo zeoepagdiu—caaboe oO6mee pasBuTie Hu HaBsKift ypoBeHb o6pa- 
30BaHid, BhIpasHBmMificd, Halp., Bb TOM, ITO G6OAbUIHHCTBO O*UNepeBS 
#@ 3Hal0, YTO TakOe BAACTh HCHOIHUTeAbHAA, H ITO TaKO@ BAaCTb sa- 
KOHOMATeCIbHAS, KAKAA Pashia MEKLY OMHONAAATHHMS H ABYXUazat- 
HHIMb WapiaMeCHTOMb, K&KOBO OAOmeHIe TepManckaro HMMepaTopa, 
KAKDb TOcysaps, HT. O. 

Ilo maxmuxr —rpoMagHoe OORbIMHHCTBO... HHYerO, EPOMB yeé- 
HBRa, HE YHTAIO, a MHOFie KRakb OYTO HHROTAA Jame He CAN XaAM O 
rocabyzHoh HameH poltab un Oo ThXd BOMpOCaX’t, KOTOPHe GHAH BHABE- 
HYTH €)>... 

BooOne xe OunepH, NoOABepraBlliecd ACUHTAHINW, «<OTIHYapTCs 
GesrpaMOTHOCTLN Bb IpPAMOM 3HayeHin osTOrO CaoBa» *). Ke ou- 
nialbHok X@pAKTePHCTHES OCTAeTCA JAWS J06aBUTb, ITO Bb akaxeMip 
TrehepalbHar) WTa6a, OCOHKHOBeHHO, CTPeCMATCA OOCTYNHTL JHNa, 10 
cBoeMy oOOpasoBaHib cTOAMIAf BHIMe cpexHsTO apMeHckaro ypoBHa; # 
CBepXb TOFO, O#H Gor'be HAH MEHSE OCHOBATEAbHO TOTOBATCA ED «<Upel- 
BAaPHTCABHOMY HMCUHTAaHil». 

J'bx0, EAE BHIHTC, HE Bh ABUHHXD KayectBaxs Ir. Crecceas. Ja, 
renepaz, Crecceib cxbiaib Taki pacwOpaAReHis, ITO OFOPOAH, cHe- 
iaIbHO YCTpOeHHHe, 4T06b NOAYYHTS BE OCamAeHHOMS Loprs-Apryps 
3a0ach OBOMeH, OkasalHCh pasoOpeHHHMH H BHTONTAaHHHMH **). Ho 
9TO BOBCE HO 3HAYHTS, YTO ON YMHIMIICHHO CTPOMHACA OCAAaOHTS EpPb- 
IOCTh PasBHTIeMS OWATH. Jia, r. Creccexb «B8HIb Bb CBOG paciops- 
HeHie MpareMHyH, UPHHOCHBINYH OFpOMHYW NOAbSY HacexeHin, TOCHE- 





eed — 


*) Llapkyraph eToTs OWIb HanevaTaHnD BB NM 891 «PasBbaAIHKas. Mwra- 
py no «Phin»>,—cmu. N orb 4 ex. 1907. - 
**) Tloxasania noqnons. Bepmununa, «<Pbab1, 11 ane. 1908. 











XPOHHKA BHYTPEHH&H KusHH. 93 


TaigMb H BOlicKaM’, & BB OKTAOPS UpHAkazadh ee BI0PBATh, He M0- | 
3BOIHBB BHIBESTH OTTYI&a Jake MAlBHH H Waposoh ABHraTedb» *). 
Ho orcwa”a Bosce He crbayerb, YTO OHS YMHIIICHHO CTapaica Mo- 
MOUb SHOHTaMS, COMbicTByYA PacOpocTpankeHiN HAaKOMHHXE Oorbsneit 
CpexH pycckaxt Bolicks. Harzo eme AoKasaTb, 4TO r. Crecceiw OnI0 
H3BBCTHO, KAKYWO POAb, HAlp., BIpaeTh OTcyTcTBie OBOMeH Bb CMEICAS 
HpexpacnosoKeHia Kb WETS, H ITO BOOOME OHS OOAaZAID 3Haniaun 
nO rurienb, cxo’bKO HHOYAb AOCTATOIHHMH, ITOOb NOHHMAT BHadeHie 
TapoBok npayentHo#. Kaks-TO pasb Ob EPHYAAS TpaklaHCKOMY KO- 
MACCApY: 

— «Ha BH, HH Ball YHHYIIH, HA BCA Balla MTAaTCKad CBOIOU 
MHB He HyHHH. HW a Bb OAHO OpekpacHoOe YTPO BHIOHW BaCh BCBX, 
KaKDb CTaqoO GapaHoBb. Mab kpboocTh HYRHA JIA MOHXS BOlicKh» **). 

«If[ratckas CBO104b» XO¥eTS AOBATD pH6y, pascyamlaeTh 0 KAKEX'- 
TO CAaHATapHHIXt Mbpaxh, pasBOJHTh OBODIH, kOMaeTca Bb Naposolt 
mpayemHok... Passb sto HY#HO AIA «MOHXD BOHcKDe!.. Bors 06paso- 
BaTeabHH yposeub r. Creccers. Wi ue tToasKo r. Crecceas. Hayo 
NOMHHTb, 4TO OHB He CaMb BHOpacHBalb BB rpasb Wbinh TpaH- 
CHOPTS MOJHEAMCHTOBb, HE CAaMb YHAYTORAIG DOcbRH onomeii, He 
cCaMb OpolIb Ha DoxapHomb Bops. Ilycrs oTrbibHHa Aha, Kab, 
Hallp., MOAKOBHEES BepuiakvnS, UpekpachHoO NOHHMAIH, 4TO BOHBA CO 
«MTATCKOH CBOJOUbH» PaBHOCHAbHA OpranHsoBaHHOH DOMONIM Helpis- 
Tero. Ho r. CMHpHOBD He AapOMb NOATBEPRMAAND Ha cyy'b, 4ToO y YL. 
Creccelad cpequ HOpTb-apTypckaro oOdanepcTsa O40 MHOTO CTOPOHHH- 
KoBb» ***). OOpas0BaTeAbHHH ypoBeHb camoro r. Creccera ecTb BM'bCTS 
‘b TBMB H OOpasoBaTeAbHHh ypOBeHb efBa JH HE BCBXD FrepoeBd 
Creccesiagn. MomH0 2H NpexnoxaraTh BB TaKoH cpexb obsecoobpas- 
HOCTh H COSHATCIBHOCTD, CBOHCTBEHHHIA AIXAM, YMCTBEHHOS pasBuTie 
KOTOPHXb COOTHETCTBYCTS CIOMHOCTH BOZIOMCHHEIXS HA HAXD 8alarh? 
Hf sxorga r. Meupmakosp Bornyetca Bb «Hosomt Bpesenn», ito cefi- 
Gach Y Hach «00eBad DOJroToOBKa Hue TOH, KoTOpad OnIIa BL 1904 I.» 
(me clyqai0, MOKIY UpOwMsd, DoBasbHaro ObrctBa omuneposs), ATO 
«Kapct a BaryMb BoopymeanH cTaphMu opyniama oOpasna 1877 r.» 
HT. A., ORS IUIMb ONHCHBAeCTh NPH3HAkH OorbsHH, KOTOPad MOReTS 
H@BECTH Kb POKOBOMY HCXOJY. 

YBH, fake NOCKOIBEY pbob HXeTD O BOCHHOH MOMM H CrAaBB 
Peccia: HaxO,uTcaH Depeyb TakuMb He UpoTuBOpbiiewb, 8b Kakoro 
Whkorja He CyMbab BHMyTaTbca THMaiwii napb Azexchi Muxaiizo- 
BHYD. YcAOBid MeTyHApOAHOH RHBHH M TeXHHKA HHEBUHeH BORE 
PascquTaHh! HA KYALTYPHHH ypoBeab He HAE cpesasro epponekcKaro. 
A pocciiickift rocyzapcrseaHHi crpofi BHIBYHIaeTb cxbsoBaTh saBbry 
K. I. TWo6bxonocyesa: «GesycioBHO BpexHO HapoqHoe obpasoBanie, 





*) ,PBap*, 11 auBaps 1908. 
**) Ibid. 
++) «Hopoe Bpema», 6 depp. 1908. 


‘O4 A. TIETPHOLEBS. 


H6O OHO PaSBHRAeTh MPHBHYKY AOTHSECKH MHICHHTb». Jaq coxpanenis 
«HCKOHHHXB YCTOeBb» HeOOXOAHMO, 4TO6E OOpasoBaTeIbANH Wen3b 
CTPaHH H apMiH He MeAB AaXbWe WTNpexXb UPaBAAh aApPHOMECTHER. 
A HHTepechl BeAHKOMepKaBHOH MOABHTHKH SaCTABAAWTL wO3SATAaTh Ha 
STY CTpaHy A Ha oTy apMin pbmlewia 2agatb, KOTOPHA TpebywWTs OCHO- 
BaTeAbHarO SHAKOMCTBSA Cb AapPepesmiasamMk HW HATerpazamu. I[pors- 
Bopbuie, Tparnuecku OesBHxogHoe. MH KonedHO, IPHINAB eTO He TOABKO 
Bb JavHOMb OOpasopaTeibHOM®S YooBHS. Kt ABROTOPHINE ASb STHXD 
IPHIUHb HAM ele Hago 6yzeTh BepHyTbcs. A NOKa OTWhTAML IHMb 
cBoeobpasHyh Hponim cyrze6b. Hago me OW30 TARb CAYYNTLCA, ITO 
mpomecch WeTNpeXb TeHepasOBh, HALIAHO BCRPHBITIA 6esBLIxXO_HOCTS 
IIpOTHBOphYA, MPOHCXOABAS KAKb Pash BE TO BPeMA, KOTA Ha OFe- 
peqb MOCTABJeEHS BONPOCS O HOBOM accHTHOBKS BE 5‘/, MaITIAapAOBS 
py6zef (n0 noacyety «<Toxoca Mocks») na peopranasanin apmin & 
PI0TA. 


YT. ° 


— Ecaa Poccia—sexrnkaa xepmasa, CCAH MEI XOTHMS, ITOOH One 
cyMecTBOBasa, TO AvMa AOA ACCHTHOBATE... 

Tagb, pH6aAmsaTexbHO, dpopwyauporaxb r. A. Croannnas xp 
«Hos. Bp.» ovepequyo H raaBabiimyw, mo ero mabHiN, sagagy Aa- 
poxHaro NpeycTaBaTexbcTBa. CofcTBeaHo, sTa «riaBAbimaa sayaya» 
YRASHBaIaCh Bh OOMHX YePTAXb eme 10 OTKPHITiA TpeTbeft Jymw. 
«I[poegTb MOPCKOrO BBAOMCTBa OTHOCUTeALHO NocTpoiika 6ponenocuest, 
Ha YTO HCOPaMMRacTCA KPCABMTh He TOABKO HA OAKS FOAb>, GHID 
-3aFrOTOBICHB TOE AO OTKEPHTia TpeTbeit Ayu. «Ii percrapareyaws 
Haposa HeOOXOMHMO H BaMHO OKAZATb CYMLECTBEHNYM MOMAepRKY FB 
STOMb AAS UpAaBUTeABCTBY», & PABHO H BOMTH BB «6wWIReTHOE pa3- 
phmenie BOmpOcoBh AAA peopranAsanin apswia»,—ropopuah r. Pos- 
38HKO Bb Jymb na sachaania 10 non6ps, npexgarag OTS NMeHE CHO- 
HX CXHHOMBIIMACHHUKOBS YIPeAHTh «KOMACCI0O NO rocyzapcTBeaRnoll 
o6oponb». WH, kakb xsBbcTHO, eTa KOMACCIA y4pemAeHa BL CaMoMD 
Havas KOnCTpyHpoBadia lyn. Ognagso, Bonmpocs o 5'/, muzaiap- 
AaXb KaKb-TO YCKOAbSAYIh OT OOMaro BHAMAHIN. HH ONXb BuIne- 
ceHb Ha NoBpepxaocTh «Hossms Bpemwexemt» no stopoft nosoparh 
nenaOps, CpeqH POReCTREACKHXE AYMCKHXD KABHEYAB, KOFIA crag 
NIPHXOAHTh BhcTA oO BeTpbah senyTaToRb, Vbxanniaxsb HA OTAWXS 
MOCK SakOHOMATeILAHXS TPYAVB, CO CRONMA NB6upareraMi. 

Bécru Gna He Becemnia. Cyaad 10 raseTHBINh cabsbniawh, Han- 
6orbe coxepmaterbHO CyMBIS OTBSTITh HA BOMpoct, Ths co6- 
CTREHHO SaHuMadach TpeTbA jlyma, capatosckifi gzenytars Hebern. 
Qn} OCTaHOBHACA Ha AcKUOVeHIN T. PolMeRa, Kakh Fa caMOMh ap- 
KOMB onA30nb, HW pasckasarb, MemAY NpOwuMS, cabrywmee: 

— Korga Poqugesh ynoMaayab 0 MYpaBbeBCKOMS FaacTyxb, «MH, 
Mpaphle, PBOIAAH IJHWb WOpBaTb Ch HAMB BCeLVO SBASh, HO OMAHA 





XPOHHKA BHO TPERNER ARHSHH. 95 


IpOTHBh efO HCKINMIeHIS; OKTAOPHCTH we HacTawBatu Ha BHCUeH 
uiph Haxasania, wa Poxnyesh ONIS ACKAWICHD Ha 15 sachgzanifi De 
AX'b Tpe6OBaHiw» *). 

Eeatrepanocianckifi zenytrars O6pa3sn0ns «Ha coOpanin consAn- 
KOBS NOMS MpelchkaTeabcTBOMh ReCHH TyOepHaTopa» Mpocro «mporwrs 
NOKAQNS O HEOOXOMHMOCTH yupasxHATh Jlymy» **). 

Tlogoxscrift qenyrars o. Manapifi Ceazepko «nopbyarh» na6upa- 
TCAAMD, ITO <HOALIAHCTBO JeNyYTAaTOBb-CBAMLGHAHEOB, YAAIHO YCTPOH- 
zoch BB [lerep6ypré na Matpodaniesckoms noqnophb; caymarh Ma- 
HAXHIH, MONCOHH, KpeCTATS, OTIBBANTS, AMBHTE EPyRRY» (MOBHAN- 
MOMY, Aaf COOpa MBXH 3a 9TH TpeOEI), <«MOCbMaNTh CHHOS, HO SosbMe 
110 CBOHMb XbiaMb»; «HO CCTE H Takie AeNyTaTH, KOTOPhle, ABABIIHCh 
BE JiyMy Kb OTEPHITIN, ybxXaId UM G6AArONOAYIHO CHAATH AOMA, a OLMAD 
AeIyTaTs, 0. mpoToiepe#, cokepmenHo rayxof, nx0xX0 BHAUTS, 10 omnOKh 
chit Ha Kpatuell xbsof crambh, ThMb BHI3BAaIG YRKOPHSHY BAINES 
Esxoris a Murpodana»; «0 npasgHHkoBh Jlyma nAA4ero He crrbzaqa, 
BHOpannH 23 KOMHCCIA». 

— «A Kakb He HacveTh 3OMAIH?—CIPOCHAH KpecTbsHe. 

— Bn6pana xomuccia ust 66 Azyms,—otTBbraxs 0. Cenzepro.— 
Ho, To OHa AbAaeTh, HensBbcTHO» ***). 

Oryerb xenytata orb Kiescko ry6epHin, casm. Posnaroscraro, HO- 
CHID eme 6oxrbe cnoeoOpasnni xapagteps. O. Posnarorcrifl cies 
AOATOM BHICTYUHTH Ch OTYCTOMD NY6AHGHO, Ha CoOpanin wepkaccKare 
cosa pycckaro Hapoya. Ho BB ero JenyTaTCKOMh OkIaANB AbsATeIb- 
HocTb TpeTbe# JiyMH cBelach Kb TOMY, 4TO «Bb. TABPAICCKOMD ABOPLS 
Ha Kaklaro Haposmaro MpexcTaBuTers IpHXOMATCA 10 TPH CAYRUTEAT, 
H 4TO BB Ilerep6yprb ovenb Jemerna pda, ocobeHHO AMHbEn» ****), 

Uro TroBopHiH ushapaTelaMB «XbBHe» A «KaleTcKie» elyTaTH, 
BB levaya cBbYbRI He uMbeTca. Jla Hw OTHOCHTCIbHO CaMO# BO08- 
MOSHOCTH OOMeHIA ONNO3SHDIONHHXD JelyTaTORD cb HNsdnpaTelAMy 
61H OPHHATH pbmuTesbHHa MBpH. Hanomnw XoTa OW DHDRYIAp'b 
MHHHCTp&2 BHYTPCHHAXD AbAb, Npemnucnsawmi ryOeppaTropam: 
1) 4TOOH «<Bb UpoNOAReHie AYMCKHXS Bakanifi ceabcRie CXOAN Mpoucxo- 
AWIH NOX HeNOCPeACTBEHHHMh HaOs0feHieMh 3eCMCKHXB HavaJbHl- 
KOBb>; 2) 4TOOH Ha CXOaXb Bb SOTO BPeMA «HHEAaKie RONpPOCN, KpoMb 
HEOTIORHHXS, He OOcyRAaskch», H 3) ITOON BAacTH BOOOMe «ObIAH 
OCBBIOMICHH O ABaTeAbHOCTH aeHOBD TocyxapcTBenHot Jymn un 06h 
OTHOMCHIH Rb HHMS Hacexenia» (cm. «Kiescr. Bhctu.», 21 Hoa6pa 
1907). Ho npasamb npexoctaBssrach NomHad cBobo,a pasBepHyTECs, 
O6xecHyTb, ocBbTaTs. HM onM OnIBaIO pasBePTHBaAHCch I OCBHIMAIH. 
I[pasne tpernei Jymtr okasaauch He CTOdb CIACTIHBHI. 





*) Unr. no xappkosckomy ,Ytpy*, 15 snpapa 1908. Nerarn, ato sagBae- 
Hie r. Hchesa gpaknieh oKta6pucroBh He ONpOBeprHyTo. 
**) Pbpb“, 6 anrapa 1908. 
**) Kiescr. Béctn“, 22 anpapa 1908. 
*e*8) Pbib“, 10 anBapa 1908. 


96 A. DETPHINLEBDS. 


Domaxy#, on OH MOTEH pasckasaTb, ITO sadoTAHBOe IpaBHTedb- 
CTBO ye BHECIO Bb JyMy «aeTHPe YAS SAKOHOMPOeRTOBS» *), cuB- 
Tat Bb TOMB 4HCIB H OwWAKeTHHH MaTepiadt, ITO CpexH eTHXE 6y- 
AYIMHXD SaKOHOBS CCTh H Takie BAaKHHe, Kak <O KOABYCCTBS OTIYCEA 
APOBb Ha NPHTOTOBAeHIe DHMH O6epb-Oulepan’s pesepBHHIX., sallac- 
HHIX’ H BHZa30UHHXS OaTapelt BO BpeMA HXb HaxoxIcHiA Bb AarepB», 
<oOb yapemAcHia TpeTbeH JOAMHOCTA NOAMDeHcKarO HagsapaTexA BTO- 
poro paspaza Bb rT. Posso>, «066 yapemacHi yeTBepToi AOURHOCTE 
MAalMaro NOMONIHHKA PHACKALO YB8AHATO HAYAIbHHKA»: BOTh, MOXS, 
HavabcTBO 060 BCeMb NOMHHTb, HH OAHOH camomarbimei mexow He 
sa6na0. Tomaayi, MOKHO O40 KOv-TBME NOXBACTaTb: Bce-TakH, Haup., 
Hepelb cCaMHME OThB3L0MS HA OTANX' ACHYTATH YCIBAH UPHCTYNATS Eb 
PASCMOTPBHIN 8AKOPONPOeRTUBS «0 DepeBMeHOBaHiA AOAMHOCTeH BOCH- 
HHIXR ryOepHaTopos’ AKMOZHHCKOH #& CemaasxaTHucKo# o6zacTei BB 
AOARHOCTH AKMOXHHCKATO BH CeMADALaTHHcKaro ry6epaTopoBb». Ho 
«4 yera6pa Bb COBbTS MHHACTPOBb» «i0CTaHOBACHO NepeHMeHOBATD 
JOIHHOCTL BOeHHaro ry6epsaTopa Typraiicko# o6sacTH Bb JOXRHOCTS 
Typraickaro ry6epHaTopa» **). HW sto DpoHCxo_aTb He TOXBKO Cth 
<cHepenMeHOBaHiemb AOswHOcTeH», Be «Co6panin ysaronenifi a pacno- 
paxenift> OesnpepHBHO NYOIHKYMTCH HOBHe 3aKOHH «Bb LopsARs 
BepXOBHaroO §=ynpaBseHia». <Bompoch © KOAHYECTBB APOBh ag 
BapKH HOH OOepb-oanepaMs BHAAsOIHHXE Oarapel> npexomeHo 
pbmatTs ym’; Boupoch O HOBOMD sams BH 163 muasziona py6. DOXS 
BHIOMD BHIMYCK2 HOBHXb OAACTOB YOcyAapcTBeHHaro KasHayelicTsa 
pBMaetca COBBTOMh MHHHCTPOBS; BAKOH'’b O TPeTheM’b LoOABeHCKOM> 
Hajsupatels Bb PoBHO NpesocTaBAeHO H3gaTb Aymb, 8aKOHS 0 UOBH- 
wieHiH Maccaxupckaro Tapa COBBTb MHHACTPOBb MpexOcTaBHAb Co6- 
CTBCHHOMYy ycmompbaiw. HW egpa aa camb ©. CTroanmaHb cywhers 
YAOBACTBOPHTCAbHO OOBACHHTb, NOWEMY STO DPOHCXOAKTh, NogeMy OH> 
cuuTaeTh ceés, HalpuMbpb, Bupash WepevMeHOBaTb TOAbKO Typ- 
ralickaro BOeHHaro ryOepHaTopa, HO He &KMOJNHCKarO H He CeMBnA- 
AATHACKALO. . 

TloqaBigas0 UpaBaro JelyTaTa HO CTOABKO OTCYTCTBIe 3aM'bTHALO AHAa, 
CROABKO OTCYTCTBie NAAHa H PYEOBOAAIMett MECAn. yma, BICAYHIAaBS Npa- 
BHTCIbCTBEHBYH ACKAapaliw, OCTasach 6e3b opMyAW Depexorza Kb O4e- 
PeHEMDE 7’baam'b. IpapaTeabcTBo Jame 00 COBepMeHHO HHITORBOMY 
BONpOocy O epeHMeHOBaHid ZOAmHOCTeH UPHDIAO OHOBPeMCHHO Kb 
ABYM} IIPOTHBOPBIHBHMb BHBOAAM OTHOCHT@AbHO pasb Hapokwa;ro 
UpeAcTapuTesbcTBa. VM, pAbHCTBATeAbHO, MOZYYHAOCH, ITO «23 KOMHCCIB 
BHIOpadH, &@ Kakoli GyseTh TOAKb—HEH3BBCTHO>. MoxHO NOXBasHTECS 
H M@AOUAMH, KOI STH MCAOUH NOSBOAAWTS ITO-3H60 NOCYAHTh, KOTAS 
Ha OCHOBAHiH 98THXb MexOYeH MORAO HapHcoBatd Goxbe HH MeHSO 


on 


*) CyeTs Ha NYA UpeLoxenb OAHAMD H8b CLYMAMEXS Jlymbi, KoTOpHA 
M HASBaNb oTY WHOpy: ,WyAa weTHpe*,—cm. ,Cronny. Tloyra’, 22 ans. 1906. 
**) .Pbub’, 8 anpaps 1908. 


XPOHHKA BHYTPEHHEH XHSHH. 97 


SaMAHIHBYO Jia Hs6upaTesef nepcnerTuBy. Ho BE TOMB-TO H Tope, 
aro TpeTha Ayma pasbbxarzacb Ha Bakalin Oe8h BCARHXS Mepciesk- 
THES. BHAA, BUPOWeMS, UOUNTKA SaMBHHTL DePCHOKTHBH JOBOIBHO 
YMHHMH pasropopamH 06% HCKOpeHeHiH HapoOxHaro IbAHCTBa. Bs 
<Hosom’ BpemMeno» craTbH 0 Bpex'S NbABCTBAa YMWBIH SByWaTL axe 
TpakgaHcKow ckop6hw. Ho sToTb cypporaTS sakOHOJaTeAbHHIXS ep- 
CHCKTHBD HACTOABEO HAAOKS, ITO O HEME N0CI'S Bakalift OGraropasyMHO 
He HallOMHHaeTS Jake r. Yexnmenn (xXvuTs, ONTD MOHCTS, elle H 
IPHACTCH BCIOMHHTS). 

WsupaBiwb jelyTraraMs HHuerO Apyroro He OCTABANOCh, Kakb 
pasckasHBaTh O Murpodaniesckomt Do_BOphB u AeMeBHSHB werep- 
GyprckHXS AHHBEOBS. A MeyaTh MOTA& AHI KOHCTATHPOBATb, YTO 
Hapoxt Jlymoi Maio uHTepecyetca. Ja H TPYAHO, 00 O6pasHoMy cpaB- 
HeHID I. XOMSEOBA, HHTEPCCOBATECA MYSHIRAHTAMH, KOTOPHe He HIpadH. 
M we 3HanTb, A06aBAMS OTS ce6a, 4TO OHH OYAYTS HIPATS H HA 
EaKOMS HHCTpyMeHTS. Koe-ryb NoupososaiH BHpyraTb <XBByW WeywaTh» 
8a TO, ITO OHA AMCKpexaTHpyeTS Aymy. Ho noxuaTb npecruxs yun 
LyTemsb eme 6orbe ycyryOsenHaro o6yszaHia NewaTu, — mpexupiarie, 
ycurbx KOTOparo ABHO COMHHTEAeHS. HM Haxo OTIATS CIpAaBeIBBOCTS I. A. 
CTOABIIEHY, 8ArOBOpHBIMeMY IPH TAKHX®S OOCTOATCIDCTBAX’ 0 <BHBITHCMS 
MOFyDecTBS». CYTE 8akIIaeTCH HMOHHO Bb OTCYTCTBIA 1L1aHa A Mepcnes- 
THBH, A BHBITHCS MOFYMECTBO,—9TO He CYpporars, Kak UponoBsAH I. Te- 
AHINeBa O BpeJ'S UbSHCTBA; 9TO, ABHCTBHTCABHO, U1aHb H NepCueRTHBA. 
OTO Lab H MePCHeRTHBAa JAA BAacTH. «Peoprannsania apMin u dxA0- 
T2»—8TO NOpcheETHBAa A Aas OOIBUIHHCTBA TpeTbeH J yMnI. OTHMS MORHO 
Obl H DOXBaCcTaTBCa Mepex us6upatessmu. [lopopoToms pyia BS 9Ty 
CTOPOHY MOKHO OH 8AaCIOHHTS MHOTie IPOKAATHE BOUPOCH peBOAWMn, 
MOXHO OH CHITPATh IpesBHYalHO YMHARTCABHNA apih Ha NaTpioTHye- 
CKHX® CTpyHaxsb. CTOHTS TOKO UPHHATBCA BS cepbesb 8a OOesie venice 
BHBIIHATO MOFYUIECTBa, H IePCHORTHBH! Tab ACHH, YTO HeEBOIbHO 
YAHBASeCMIbCH, 3a05Mb, COOCTBOHHO, JelytaTs PosHaroscsi wckarh 
pyEaBuny, umba o66 8a masyxoi#? cb kako crarH 60 eMy pascy- 
WAaTL O PHO IMHb, KOTAA OHD HMBIL BS DOIBOMS CBOCMS Pacnopas- 
*eHIH KOMHCCIH 10 TrocyqapcTBeHHOH O6opoHh uw ywxe TOTOBHIG IpPOeETH 
MOPCKOFO H CYXONYTHarO MHHUCTepcTBB? He cTpaHHO 4H, Bb CaMOMD 
wbxb? Jlenyrata Uchesa, Hanp., raseTH HashHBain «IpeABOAHTexeMS 
capaToBcEoH uepHo cOTHH»,—eH3b, AOCTATOWHO cBuybTeILCTBYyWMis 
© TOTOBHOCTH TOBOPHTb BHICOKO MarpioTHyeckia cxoBa. Ws emy, kasa- 
x0cb OH, Jyma 1a BIOIHS JOCTATOUHHH UpeAAOTb JAM PASTOBOPOBL 
Ch HSOHpPaTeASMH Ha DarpioTwyeckia TeMH O (IOTB, apMin, 0 rocy- 
apeTsenHot oGoponb. A OH BAPYTS MpeAMOIeAS pascyRAaTb, 10 
QbOMY KeAAHIW HCKAWUEHS AelyTaTh Poguyess. 

Hajo oTMbIuTb H Apyrylo cropony. Cp serso# pyru r. A. CroaH- 
mHa, Derep6yprckia raseTH OKkasalBsch ropasf{0 BOCUpiHMIHBBeE KD 
pasrobopaMb Ha TaTpiormyecky TeMy, HeReIH UpeXBOAMTeAb capa- 
TOBCKOH YepHok coraH, r. Ucbent, HAH UpesBosuTesb yepRaccKok yep- 

Pesparp. Ornzbar Il. 7 





98 A. DETPADIEBD. 


HoH coTHH, 0. Posnatosckifi. Apmis, mpaByza, OCTaxach HBCKOABEO 8% 
Thaw. Ho gaoTy mocwacTanBasoch. On’ crbrazca <31060]HeBHEMS 
Bonpocomb>». Cpa3y BOsHHKIA pbskia pasHorszacis, — Kakb CTpouT 
xAoTS, KakoH Hx0T,—NOABOJBHH, AnHefHH, Taxexbi-6poHeHOcHHl, 
nernift-kpeficepckif,—H kakb OOesneqHTL AMGHHH cocTaBh PATA, H He 
cxblyet) 1H, Bb caMoMb Abxrb, JOHcKOe kasaybe BOficKO MpABsed 
Kb HeECeHiIN aoTcKOH cayxOn: Oxarogapa sToH pehopwb—no mabain, 
Hanp., «Pycckaro SHaMeHH», — NpaBaTeABCTBO AMbAO OW HaxexuHl 
COCTABh MATPOCCKHXD KOMAHIb, H He OHAO Ob! BOSMYTHTCAbHHXD 10 
cBoe rxyNOcTH MATPOCCKAXD OyHToBS» *). Tospuzoch uspberie, 11 
QCCHTHOBKY Ha& IpesBHyaligbe BOCHHHe pacxOAb IpaBHTeABCTBO pas- 
CMATPHBaeTh, RAK YALTHMATYMb, MH Bb czyyab oTKasa Jlyma Oyzers 
paciymena. «Orkasp Tocynxaph, — BHCKasHBaIOCh U0 STOMY TOBO,y 
«Pycckoe SHaMa», — Bb CyMMB Ha NOCTpoHky xOTAa paBHOCHIeHS 
PeBOINNIOHHOMY akTY BHOOprckaro BOssBanis, nocTaHOBHBOaro (°) 
He JaBatb HH OAHOFO COANaTa JAA apMin» **). 

OXHakO, Bb STOTh alapMb TO A ABAO BPHWBAXHCh CKeMTHICCKEA 
HOTH. Jame «Pycckoe 3HaMgd» He YXOPRaXOch H BASBHAO, ITO Upexie 
TBM CIPOHTh @AOTb, «HYHO HS0OpbcTA Kakoe-HHOyIb CpexcTsd, 
UTOOH SAaKOHH! ACNOAHAAACh, Upecbab nyTA H AaseHRA KB YRAOHCHD 
OT 3aK0H&a H YCTPAHHTb YCHOBid, KOTOPHA asin MbcTO SesnpasiP, 
Gesrxbicrsin a mponssory» ***), AbicTBHTeABHO, BCYe CTPOHTb EpbUC- 
CTH, Pash ake BhICWICe HAYAALCTBO BD CaMNH pbIATOABHH MOMECHTS 
He 8HaeTbh, KOMY OHB NOJYHHCHH, H ETO 88 HHXS OTBBUACTS; pass 
BaKOHS, KOTOPHH AOUKeHD OH HWBTb peryAHPYWMY CHAY, ONHHAKOS 
HTHOPEPyeTca H BEICIIHMH H HuBIIHMH. Creccexiaqa, OMHAKO, CBHAt- 
TOABCTBYCTb, ITO ABAO HHCKOADEO caomHbe. [Irarw noprh-aprypcxol 
EpPBIOCTH ObLAH H8AAHH. OTO OLLI 8aKOH, GesycAOBHO ObasaTexbHHl. 
Ho BOUpeKH STOMY 3aKOHY CaMOBOXBHO OHLAO OPraHHsOBaH) Herxackoe 
HHReHepHOe ynpaBsenie. Ha ero coepmanie CaMOBOABHO PacxXOMOBasHch 
RaseHHHA JeHbrH. Cb WpHAMYecKOH TOWKH spbHia—upectTynxenie 6e:- 
cllopHoe, oveBRAHOe. Ho 0 HEM Jame MpOKypOph OxaropasyMHO 10- 
CTapalcd He BCHOMHHATb. Bcye 3ak0HH NHCaTb, eCXH HX} He ACHON 
HaTb. HO 4 IpecTyMHO 3aKOHH HCHOAHATH, ecaH, OxarosapA HMB, Ce 
wieHHad KPbNOCTh OKameTCaA Oe8h yEpbuAenifi, CKOALKO-HHOYAb C- 
OTBBTCTBYMMAXS Tpe6oBakiaM CoBpeMeHHarO BOeHHALO HCKYCCTBA. 
Tema, saTpoHyTaa «PycckuM) SHaMeHeMb», OKaSHBaeTCA H CAOKHO! 
H CEOAb3KOH. Oa HaTAaIEABaCTh HA BOUPOCH O rapaHTiaX, KOMI 
oOesneymBal0ch OH cooTBbTCTBie BOCHHATO SAKOHOAATCALCTBA Cb yCle 
BifMH HHSHH. Ja BOI MHCAIWS Bb 9TOME HAlpaBleHi, H HesawhTH0 
IpHAeMb Eb PasrOBOpaMh O KOPCHHOMS WepecMOTph «OCHOBHEIX®S 33° 
KOHOBb», 4YTh XH HO 0 COBHBS yupeqaTerbHaro coOpanis. AcHoe xB, 








*) Uur. no raseré ,Cerogun“, 22 nexa6pa 1907. 
**) Ilut. no ,Pbun“, 19 sHBapa 1908. 
*#*) ibid. 





XPUHHRA BEWTPEGHEH 2ku3H4. 99 


QO WhMS yBAcKaTeIbHbe UpasWBaTh CTpaky Kb MNatpioTusMy, kb 
KepTBaMb, HeOOXOHMHME Aka OOesneieHia BHSMHATO MOFynlecTBa, 
GbME DHPC OTEPHITS AOPOTY MOBMAHCTHYCCEAMS YYBCTBAMD HaceweHig, 
Thus Bb Oorke ofacHOMb WOxOMCHIH MOTYTS OKASATLCA <HCKOHHEIC 
ycrou». 

OnachOcTb HEMHHYeMa He TOABKO MOTOMY, YTO pbYb MOMETS 3alitHA 
O sakoHaxs. «Mu, pycckie narpiorn ropoga Hiena, cb Helepesasa- 
@MEIMS YYBCTBOME HerosoBaHia Mpowin pasebsayenia r. Hkyra, nepe- 
HevaTanana Bb <KiepianaHb> ors 13 yexadpa 1907 r. (asp <Ile-~ 
Tep6yprcxo# Laserni>) o npegaTeabceo# noctpoitkh xpeticepa <Haym- 
pyta> Cb epeBAHHHIMH OO1TAMH, BMBCTO CTaJbHHIX, H 0 HECABIXaH- 
HOH usMbHHHYeCKOH HaYBHES WeCcKOMb NYWeYHHXS CHAPAAOBD, & MO- 
KCTS CHT H MHA, BMBCTO NHPOKCHAHHA, UpomapaeMaro peBoxrWTio- 
Hepamb»*). «I poqapaemaro pesoswnionepaMb»—aTo «pycckie naTpioTH 
ropoga HKiepa» orb ce6a upHcownHHad. M opecowHHay, OHITb MOReTS, 
Bb CBA8H Cb IPOCKTOMD OOPOTbCA UPOTHBR 320yuoTpebsenift pH no- 
CTpohkb Oyzymaro M10Ta MOcpeACTBOMS CoWsa PYCCKAarO HApoza, KOEMY 
Cb STOH WABW AOAKCHD ONT NOPyeHh Halsoph 38a BephaMA H 3a- 
BoAaMH. Kak TOBOpATh, UPOCRTS GHIb OAOOPeCHS CTOAB BIACTHHMS 
HEB yipemjeniems, KAaKb BepxXOBHaA yupasa cosa. Ho OnD BOSHARS 
OMHOBPeCMCHHO Cb UBANMD PALOMS Kpaiiiie HOMPIATHHXS 1d BepxXOBHOk 
yupasy usBécTifi. Bh «Kepym Ha oOmlemb coOpaHia CON3HHKOB® BEI- 
SCHHAach pacTpata cBHme 80.000 p.» (O6BHHAReTCA OYeTHHHK mper- 
cbyaTexb Kepuenckaro oTybaa rv. Beskoposaitanii) **). Ba Oxecch 
<upegcblaTeib nopToBo apTeza padouwxXb cowsa pycckaro Haposa 
Mauxykb oH kasHayel YabaHHUkifi CKDHAHCb, 8aXBATHBB CYMMY Bb 
HBCKOABEO PHCATS pyOxelt» ***), Ba T[erep6yprs «oqHub w3b 4We- 
HOB pesHsioHHol KOMHCCin COMBA PyCCKaro Haposa UpHCBOAnIS 1500 p.>, 
H xaxe cams ©. Jy6poBHat o6BAHACTCA Bb pactparaxs *ee*), Bo 
Baxuyrh no7s aarom® cowsa pycckaro Hapoma OpyzyeTS matiza 
Skcupoupiatoposs *****), Bs Beccapadcrofi ry6. raguemrcrif moxoT- 
WIS COW3Aa pyccKaro Haposa OKasasca Makiko KOHOKpAaIOBS, a PYKO- 
BOMHTedb 9TOTO No_oTAbAa HBETO HBanp MynrTan'b «f0naica BB N0- 
KYDES saBbloMo kpayeHHxs Bemei» ******), CxoBoMb, MpoexTupy- 
eMad peopMa ABHO CBOZHAaCch OM Kb SaMBHS CTapHXb KOSAOBD BB 
OTOpoy’’ HOBLIMH KOszaMH. Ho cTaphe ROSIN BCe-TakH He MHCa1H: 
«BHOOprckoe BOSsBaHie MOCTAHOBHIO He AaTb HM OAHOFO COaMaTa», 


*) ,Phaip*, 16 aus. 1908. 
**) .Pbib“, 31 ans. 1908. 
#s*) Pb“, 5 sus. 1908. 

#ott) Pbib*,8 ans. 1908. Coop o pactpaTaxb NOTHMAICA, MCXAY UPOIHMb 
Ha PeCBPAILCKOMB ,BcepoccificKOMb CbB3yb COWsHHKOBB*. CyTb CBOAHTCA Kb 
Bonpocy, ryta Abanch 333 THcaWH pyOneH, BHIAaHHBIA ,CCKPeHHIMB” Cco- 
epKarTeiem’d cowsa pyccKaro Hapowa Ha NOcABABWW UpeABHIOOpHyW KaMuadin. 

waee®) Kiesck. BécTH.*, 3 ABB. 1908. 
seentt) Phap,* 31 ans. 1908. 

7% 





100 A. DETPHIMESS. 


Eakb HIIYTS HOBHE KOSIH Bb «Pycckomb SHaMeHH>. CrapHe H B0- 
o6me ropasgo rpamoTHbe. OxHaKo, Jaxe HM, ropasxo 6oxbe rpaMot- 
HHM®, fr. Bpyrb YEOPHSHCHHO TOBOPHTS: «BallH MAIHHH pOBHO Bb 
nosTopa pasa Taxexbe HHOCTPaHHHXt, H 00 SsTOh UpHIHHS Bale 
cyya Bcerga uMbiH Goxbe cra6yw, ThMS Y HHOCTPAaHeBh, apTaxze- 
piso H GpoHw; BHI COBepmMeHHO 8a6HAH, YTO HA HOBHIXS CyxaXx>s Uper- 
WOAAPAeTCA CTABHTS TYPOMHH, KOTOPHXE BH Cle HHKOIAa He CTPORIE, 
ONHITOBS Cb HHMH He DPOHSBOAHIH H HAXOAHTCCh BE DOH 8aBHCA- 
MOCTH OT HHOCTPaHLeBh, Y KOTOPHXS NOKyUAeTE DPaBo NPOHSBOACTEA, 
HO He yORRICHH, ITO OHH PACKPOWTE BAMB H BCB eFO CeKPeTH>. 
CupaligpaetTcs, Kakoe Nonatie 0 Typ6HHaxt uMbeTS Yr. Jy6poRnEs 
HxH novaeBcki#t uHOKE YW axiojop? 

PasymBerca, NpOekTS 0 NOCTpORKS soTa DONS HasopoMs comes 
PYCCKarO Haposa ECT NO CYMECTBY OfHA HSB XapakTepHNXS DOWH- 
TOKE <BOCHOABZOBATbCA O1araMu KOHTPOAd OOmecTBeHHAarO>, HO UDpe 
YCAOBIH. YTOOH OHS NOLIHHSACK <AUPCRTHBAM OXpaHHaro OTWHIeHig». 
Kakb YacTHIHWH BHIBOXb H3b «<CaMOLepRAaBHOH KOHCTHTYMIH» H <EOH- 
CTHTYMIOHHAarO CaMozepeaBia» rp. Batre, MpoekTS sTOTb BOCIIPOHSBO- 
AHTb S8aBBTHYH MeYTY roroxeBckoH AradaH Tuxonospan: «ecaa Ont ry6u 
Hukanopa VMsaniya 3a UpecTaBaTs Kb HOCy Wsana KysbMnya>. Ha 
TAKOME NOAWHTHYCCEOMD Gpexb He CTOHAO OW H OCTaHaBaHBaTEcA. Ho 
MEI EMbeMS WHIO Cb TBMH ClOSMH, ry’b c10Bo ©. Ay6popana markers 
BIACThb H CHAY, IB WpoekTH reHepaza Benypuxa He TOXBEO 
OOcyRIAWTCA Bb Cepbest, HO H CABA HO MOAYIHAH CHIN 3akoHA. Ais 
HaCh Bb AaHHOMS Clyyab BaHO MOHATS, Kab, Bb EAKOMB Halipa- 
BACHIH paboTaeTh MBICXb BTHXL CAOeBb, KE KARHMS BHBOMAM'E Ona 
AOIRHA Oba NpHATH. VW, HacKOABKO A TIOHHMAN, BHIBOXb MOTB ONT 
TOIBKO OHH: 

— «Takb jaabmie—6e35 apMin H J0TAa—#HTD HeAbsa>. Ho 
@CAH CepbesHO pasBHTb aruTalii0 Ha MOTHBD: «Ipomb NOOR pas- 
Japaiica», H ecaH oTa aruTalia OyxeTh UMBTb YCUBXb, BHSOBETE BS 
HAaceleHiH NOXbEME COOTBBTCTBYHMEX YYBCTBb, TO He NOTPeEGywTE 
XH «llaTpioTH>, HayYeHHHNe YOPBKEMb ODHTOMD [loprs-Aprypa 
IlycuMil, «XbHCTBHTeILHAarO ROHTPOIA, HAD WhicrBiaMH» He TOXBKO 
TpaxKJaHCEHXh, HO H BOCHHHXS BracTeii»? 

Ho w 9To He sce. ACCHTHOBKa BB 5'/, MHXTiapNOBB... «Ota 
KOMIMapHad WHpa,—nucaab oRTaOpuctceif#t «[o10ch MockBit» ,—cmo- 
coOHa TaparHsoBaTb Jame reHialbani Mosrs. Cupallapaetca, MOwmerTt- 
JH Hall TocysapcTBeHHH OiolReTh BHACPKATE MOXOOHYN TwwAeckrs, 
H He FpOsHTS AH HapomHomy xosaitcrBy BB Poccih HuMeTa>»? *) 
Upwmioch Aame «PyctkoMy SHaMeHH» NOCTaBHTh «<BOUpOch O Oxaro- 
COCTOAHIH BOCbMHJCCATHMBIIIOHHALO KPeCTLAHCTBa».Halo «IPHATH Ha 
NOMOMb KPeCTAAHCTBY,—NHCAlb OPrald BEPXOBHOH yUpaBh cOMsSa pyc- 
CRarO Hapowa,—Takb Kakb OHO NOAAEPRUBAeTh YTOCyAapCTBO w& cCBOeR 


*) Lut. no »PboHn*, 6 ans. 1908. 








XPO@HHKA BHYTPEHHEH XHS3HH. 101 


MOpaxbHOH crofigocThbw Hu cBOeH TpyAOBOH BHIHOCXHBOCTBHD, A cBOeH 
noxaTHoOH ycroliunBocThh. Pasbesanenie TOcysapcTBeHHOCTH Cb TAKUMD 
SICMCHTOM®... YPOBAaTO ONACHHMA NOcKbAcTBiama. He mbmaeTb NOMHATS 
HOYUHTCALHHG UIPHMSpPH H38B ACTOPIH XOTA ON NOXbCKAYO KOPOAeBCTRA, 
NOrHOmMaro TOABKO MOTOMY, YTO HHTePeCH TOCyAapCcTBa ONAH CBAZAHE 
Cb HHTepecaMH TOILKO IPHBHICrHPOBAHHHIXD IpyOlb, TOrwa Kakb 
EKPECThAHCKOG HaceleHie OMXO c1a00 B8aHHTepecoBaHO Bb COXPaHeHiA 
TOCYAAPCTBCHHOCTH: Bb KpHTHYeCKIA MOMEHTS OOOcOOAeHHOe OCHOBHOe 
HacezeHie He Hallo Bb ceOb W.He MOFIO HaiTH CTHMYIOBb Eb OT- 
. pameHiW pokoporo yyapa> *). Jla 4TO XOQHTb 8a UpHMbpaMa BD 
«OMbCKOC KOPOJOBCTBO»: FAaBHO AH Y HACh CaMHXB BAe CeAbCKOO 
oOmectso Bb Cyxzoroycroms y., Bxayamupceok ry6., pbmax0 noxars 
maz06y Ha rydepHaTopa anriifickomy kopom? **), 

YmachHoO HeyloOHa H CKOXD8ESa, 10 HHH'BIHAMS BPOMeHAaMd, Ta 
TOM 0 AKHOBH Kb OTeYCCTBY BH HaporHok ropzoctu! Kasanocb On, Kakas, BB 
caMOMS (bb, cBasbh MexLy NOcTpoHEOH PaoTa A MepeBoopyxeHiem’s apMin - 
Cb ORHOH CTOPOHN H 3eMCKOH, Hallp., peopMoH HAM HEUPHROCHOBEHHOCTBIO 
<EPCCTbAHCKOH IHYHOCTH» CB ApyroH#? A BOTh, HOAUTE Ke, Tame «PycckoMy 
OHAaMOHH» CTAaIO MOHATHO, ITO TYTS CCTb IpaMad cBasb. Bcye OTIMBAaTb 
NYMKH, KOP{a HOABBBCTHO, 8aX0%CT IM HAaPOXb CTpbIATh USb HUXS 
10 yRasaHHOMYy alpecy. WM scye uckatTb 3aiima BB 5'/, MHuziapsOBS, 
pasb pA AaHHoM’s ypoBa'b MyxADKarO <O2arococTOsHia» MH He 8HaeM, 
OTEYNa B8ATb CpeACTBA JAA YUIaTH MpouesTops. Ho wonpooyiire 
C€pbesHO BafOBOPHTb O MO,HATIN OarococToaHia. BoHb AYMCKad 36- 
MCJbHad KOMHCCiA Bb KOHITb AHBapA NOMHTatach cooOpasHTb, kakb 
HOAHATS GOAarococToaHie UpH NOMOMM pacipexbicHia OOMUHHHXS 3e- 
MCIb BL YacTHy coOctBeHHOocTs. Ho «BB KOHITB sacbyania OfHMHS 8a 
APYTHME HAYaIH BHICKABHBATLCa xnpatinie mpaeswie KpecTbake: AMO- 
ceHORD, Wlesnonh, Aenezesb, PexopoBd HM Ap.; BCB BL ONHHD FOLOCh 
8AAB191H, ITO BOIPOCh 3akIWGAeTCA BOBCe He Bb IpHHYAUTCIbHOMD 
MBACHIH OONAHS; 8EMAN ABINTh CaMH KpPeeTbAHe YMBWTL; BONPOCS 
BAaKAWYACTCA Bh HeEOOXONHMOCTH HAXBAUTh KPCCThAHS BEM, & AA 
aTOrO HBTS HHOTO DYTH, KPOMB UpPHHYAWTeAbHAarO OTIyHeHia OMB- 
IMHUbHXS BeMeIb. Jlafite KPeCThAHaMBb 3eMIW,—H He GeanoKolTecs, 
OHH €@ OTHHYHO noxbaasTh» ***), «Ha (AYMCKHXD) ORTAOPHCTOBS, 0 
CIOBAMb TaseTH, OTKYHa A 3aHMCTBYIO eTO coobmeHie — pb (Epaii- 
HHX} UPaBHXb) EPCCThAHS DPOHSBEAM OMIeAOMIsWMee UH, HOIbsA CKa- 
8aTb, ITOOH UpiaTHoe BHeyaTubuie». Mf Herbsa cKasaTb, ITOOH UpiaTHO 
YYBCTBOBAIA ceOa BePXOBHAad ypasa: 

«He Beceinia BBcTA,—cbropaazo <Pycckoe SHaMa»,—fOXOJATS H3'b 
poBuniia. He ycnokasspaetca Halle oOMaHyTOe EpecTbaHCTBO... He 


*) Unr. no ,,Crommanof Moyrs“, 6 ans. 1908. 
**) Cm. MON cTaTbn: ,[IpHMbBHHTeIbHO Kb arpapHHMb NporpaMMaMd“, 
.COBp. Sanucka’, 1906, Ni 1. 
***) .PBap* 31 aus. 1908. 


, 02 A- JLETPHINEBD. 


AaWTh eMy ONOMHHTECA 8aFOBOPILEKH, NOKIsBOieca Dory6uTs Poccip 
SATHKKOD CMYTH 8 GeslOpaXkosb. «<SeMIH», «<3€MIH>,—KDPHUATE 
OcxbILIeHHHd H COBpalleHHHA AepeBHH, IPH YeMh Kamu KpecThs- 
HHL HelaeTh DOXYIHTh HMCHHO TY SEMEN, KOTOPad eMy MpHTIaHy- 
ach, KOTOpasd y Hero DOAb GoKoms» *). 

<SaroBOpMAkh> CMBWTL CCHZAThCA Ha <UPHNSpPb KOpPOFCBCTBS 
HOAbCKATO>, KOTAA <TyABCKOe IpesBHuafinoe ABOpaHcKoe cobpasie 
OTHpaRigseTS enyTamiio «tb Il. A. CromMHy, BHpawad yAWBIEHIe 
H CKOp6b 10 NOBOAY cTpeMieHifi p&SpymHTs coczopnnf crpos> **), 
KOTAa COBLTS OObeAHHeHHATO ABOPAHCTBA HACTawBaeTS Ha HeEOOXONE-* 
MOCTH COXPABHTb «HHCTHTYTS SCMCKHXD HAYasbHHKOBL», EOTNa €Ka- 
TE@PHHOCAABCKOG ABOPAHCTBO NOAHHMAeTD OOKAXE H HbETS 88 COXpa- 
Henie H npousbranie yBopaHcKo# Poccia! Ja pase MacIHMO paZgxy- 
BaTb Bb CepAlaxh Haposa OFOHb AWOBH EB oOTeveCTBY, KOTAa MOC- 
KOBCKOC ABOPAHCTBO BSHB&eTbh Kb BOSCTAHOBACHIW <YCTOCBL» «BO BCE 
NOAHOTB H HepasxBABHOCTH?..» <Hospoe Bpema», KameTcd, He «<KI#- 
BOCb DOry6uTh» «<xBopaHcKyw Poccio»>. WM narpiormueckaa mlapMaHEa, 
SaryXBBiad 6H30 Ha BCS 5*/, MHAKiapxOBb, KaKb-TO HesaMbTHO Ie- 
pelisa Ha Mezgia api UPEMbHHTeILHO Kb OUCpeAHOR accBrHOBES Ha 
nocrpoiiky cyl0Bb Bb 30 mHAMOHOBS, a Dapoct r. A. CTroxbIIHHS 
CMBHHACH HpoHiel 10 anpecy KakO#-TO «TOAIH», KOTOpad pasro- 
BapHBad O NOcTpohks HOBHX CYAOBS, ADIL «ycwbxaetca, MOKE- 
MaeTh Je%aMH: eme On! H8b TPHADATH MHAXIOHOBE Xerye MOKHO 
yepacrs!> ***). Poccifickagd Toma He CXHIIEOMS yMHa HW rxyOOKa, HO 
H HO TaKb YH [Xyla, KAKb PHCYeTS CC BL COCTOMHIH RCATHOM pac- 
TepsHHocTH r. A. CromumuHb. [lexaxy#, Bb «<TOMIB> HallZ0ch Ou 
OCTATOUHO BACMEHTOBD, CHOCOOHHXE NAMCATh UOXb HacTOAMTyW 60e- 
By MysHEYy. Ho Bb TOMB-TO H Tope, WTO HeXbBA 0-HacTOAMeMy 
urpaTs. Hamp BxBCh HE IPHXOAHTCH AOKASHBAaTb, ITO Safaya: «<B0s- 
POXHTS apMi0 H MAOTS», TpeOyers OTKASA OTE ApyroH sakaiH: <co- 
XPaHHTb ycToH», Mab xoTbi10Cb AHMIb OTMBTHTL, ITO CTOPOHHHER 
BAQCTH NOHEBOXS ROIMHH OLA MNOYYBCTBOBATS eTY TOPbEYW AAs 
HHXD HCTHHY. M BHICOKOTOPROCTBCHHHC KAHEH O BOSCO3{aHiA aPMIH H 
(ba0Ta, HATOIKHYBIIHCh cpasy Ha& HSCKOMBEO Epaiine ONACHHIXS AAs 
<TPaXHMiOHHarO CTpod» NOXBOAHHXD kaMHe#, Nepeman RE OOM F 
HHKOMY HCHYSHHA pascyasenia 0 NaTpioTH3Mb, OTOXBHHYAHCh Ha Sax- 
Hiff 11aHb H DOWH wCuesAH, KAS OH PACTBOPHINCh BD ThIOME pas 
OTOBOPOKB: 

~— KonewHo, peopranusania apmia un aoTa ThcHO cBa8aHa CL 
OQUCHE RARAHMH A HEOTAOMHWMH BOUPOCaMH BHYTpeHHeH NOSHTHEE. 
Ho Heab8a OJHO CTABHTb Bb 8aBHCHMOCTB OTB JApyroro. HKaks HE 
BaKHH BHYTPeCHHiA peopME! Cb TOURH Sp BHI BHBITBATO MOTyUReCTBAa, 


*) lurTup. no ,Pbin“, 1 deppana 1898 r. 
**) ,PBub”, 20 anBapa 1908 r. 
°+*) Intap. no ,Pbun’, 16 appapa 1908 r. 


XPOHHEA BHYTPEHHEH XH3HE. —6- 1038 


HO ObBaWTb Bb HHSHH HAPOAOBh MBHYTH HEMOCPEACTBEHHOH oOlacHo- 
CTH, KOTIA... 

M «Hoxnoe Bpema», a 88 HMB A «l'020cm MockBH» NO MMAaNWTS 
EPHEB 0 HeNocpescTBeHHOH OnAacHOCTH. OkasHBaetcs, «Halla cocbyKa 
Typuia roropuTca kB BOHHS. OTO PakTb, KOTOParO He OTPHUAWTS 
camMH Typxa. Ha HKaskasb roBopaTs 0 HalleMb BOOPYReHHOM® CTOXE- 
HOBCHIH Cb TypeNkHMH BOfickaMu. Bb kaBRasCKHXh BOCHHHX Epy- 
Taxb He CKPHBAaWS CepbesHOCTH NOZORCHIA; YBAPAWTh, ITO CTOIKHO- 
BeHie sTO MpousoizeTh He ose MapTa MBcala» *).* paBza, Ha 
Kasgasb sto cooOmesie BcTpbiewo, kak HeORMZaHHOCTS. Ilo OTsHBy 
Gaxgnckaro «HKaciia», CIYXOBb, pacdpocTpansemHxt «Hos. Bpem.», 
«H@ALSH HaSBaTb HH UpaBONO{OOHHMH, HA BbpoaTHHMa... Iro6m 
Typiia, y KOTOpoH He XBaTaeTh CPeXCTBb Ha YUAaTy MaloBabbs 
BOHcKaMb, KOTOPad He Bb CHAaXb CUPABAThCA CB BOSCTAHIEM® apa- 
BiCKHXS KOYVBHEKOBD, CepbesHO NOMHIMNIGIa O HallaseHia Ha Poccin, 
STO IpeACTaBIAeTCA COBepMeHHO HeBSPOATHHINS> **). Ipapyza, ca- 
MOMY UPABHTeALCTBY UPHMIIOCh OCOOHIMS cooOmMeHieMh CMATUHTh YES 
CXHIIKOMD HeyOOHYW Jake 0 AHNAOMaTHUeECKHMS cooOpameHiaMh 
KaTeropHunoctTs <Hos. Bpemena». Ho ne mene cepbesHad HeMOcper- 
CTBOHHAaS ONACHOCTh OKagaxach Tame Ha JaxbHem® Bocroxs. Bua- 
AHBOCTORD HABOLHEHD ANOHCKHMA WMiOHAMH; BOSAYXb HACTOAbEO Nax- 
weTS 62u3k0H rposoH, aro MHOrie KYO cUbMHO IJHEBHJHPYWTS 
CBOH bia H TOPONATCA BHBXATL... «<SBOHH rpomMae—He RaxXbh k0A0- 
KOLOBE». TBME BpeMCHEME EKOMHCCIA 10 rocyzapcTBeHHe oGopoH’ 
IpolommaeTs OOCYHAATS MHAXiaplawWe mpoerTH. Ho sacbaania ea, 
Ha BCSKIA cayyai, MOCTAHOBICHO CUHTATh SAaKPHTHMH He TOIBKO ARM 
CTpaHH, HO H Aaa Jiyuu. 

Aa, a8 Tperbei Jy UpHroToBseHt OoxbMOH mzaHs, eH mpeso- 
CTABICHO PACKPHTL NePCHCKTHBH, YBICKATCAbHHIA, OHITh MOMCTS, Als 
MHOIHXE OOM[ECTBCHHHX?D SAeCMEHTOBS. VM m0 cBoeMy cOCTaBy HNBBINEAA 
AyMa Morza Ob CaMa HCKPeCHHO YBACYLCH STUMH LepciexkTaBamMe. MoaHo 
OH 110 HX MOBOLY MHOTO NOTOBOPHTD, Cb 6OALIHME NOXLEMOME H He- 
IIpHTBOpHOH czesoH#. Momuo On! OFOIO HUXDS coOpatTh OOxbIMIA CHAN. 
Ho ecau 6 o6mecTBO 3aroBopsx0 06% STOMb HeIPHTBOPHO H CB 
DOXBEMOM’S, TO OHO NPHMIO OH BCe Kb TAME RO HO ABKBAAPOBAH- 
HMB KyNelaMD pesomonin. Cb Apyrofi OH cTOpOHE! IpHOIIO, H 3Ha- 
WHTCILHO BHOH BHIb NPHHARH Ob OTH AYOCAW; H KOAHYECTBCHHO, H 
KavecTBeHHO OHH OH “BMbHAINCh. HO BO BCAKOMD CAyuab NOAYIHACE 
6n wbxosoH narpioTHyeckiff DopHBt, OesycXOBHO HeJONYCTHMH Ch 
TOURH SpBHIS OCHOBHOH 8ayayu—coxpanuTb ycrou. 1 BOTS IpHmx0ch 
SAEPHTE JBepH. OnacHoOcTh AIA ycToeBb yctpanesa. Komuccia paoo- 
TaeTR Bb THITH. OxHako, TXB xe B3ATS 5‘/, MHINiapAOBh? WM kakb 
cmbsaTb, 4T00b HXb HE pasbopoBaiu? VW oTKyAa B3ATb CpexcTBa Ha 


e 








*) ,Hos. Bpema*, 23 supaps 1908. 
**) Ulntup. no ,Onecck. Hos.*, 29 anpapa 1908 r. 


104 4. IETPHINEBD. 


yuxaTy 1pomeHTosh? ABocb, Borh TomOxeTh KAKL-HHOYAL pealHs0- 
BaTh @CAH He BCB 5‘/, MHANIQpAOBb, TO XOTS Ob TOABKO 1 MuHZ- 
aiapyb. Hy, a ecan Bors we nomomeTs? Ja ecaa HW NOMOKCTS, TO 
WTO me Aaabile? onaTs Creccexiaga? Vian upopecta «pedopmnr?» 
Kagia? OxraOpucra BHeciH UpoeKTS semcxol pedopmn. Ho ofb Bb 
OCHOBHHXS YePTAaXb CBeACA ES COXPAHeHIW JBOPAHCKOH BAACTH Ha . 
whcTaxb. Jymckad KoMHCCiAf CTapaeTCa IIPHCHOCOOHTD HeIpPHEOCHOBEB- 
HOCTh AHYHOCTH Kb CYMCCTBYWUEMY CTPOW, H Y HeA HHYETO He BH- 
XOAETD, KPOMB <CBOOOAH NPOHSBOLETS NOARTHICCKIc OOHCEH H ApeCcTH>. 
GeMCIBHAd KOMHCCiIA HeYOTAHHO BOCXBAESCTE «S3aKOHS 9 HOSOpa>, 
CTapasCh efO YAYUWURTh H OOPMHTL, HO OkashBaeTca Takb xe 6e3- 
CHABHOW UPHAYMSTb 4TO-AH60 H He kKOXeOAMMOES YCTOEBS, H Goxbe 
IpiaTHoe KpeCTbAHaM'b, KAD OeSCHIbHO H UpaBHuTexbcrTBoO. Ja Hw He 
TAES OHO IPOCTO pPBIMHTh,—COOTBBICTBYeETE YCTOAME HacamseHic IH9- 
HOB KpecTbaHckol cOOCTBeHHOCTH HAH He CooTBhTcTsyeTs? Ip. Jop- 
POP OYCHE OLOOPAKE BakOHOMATeAbHYW MBpy 9 HoaOpa. Ero equHoO- 
MHHINCHHHKOBL O4CHS DPeAbMaza MHICAb BHECTH Bb Cela MOHMOYCO- 
Oany H TBM ocaabHTL Haloph cHHsy. Ho sto ogo6penie TazTH4e- 
CKOMY cpexCcTBy. A KaKb pascyRlaTh 0 HacaMNeHiH KpeCTbAHCEON 
COOcTBeHHOCTH 0 cymiectsy? Bows «Pycckoe 3Hama> yxe comHb- 
BaCTCA,—He OyleTh AH «NOAOCHEH OKCHEPHMCHTE UPHXKOME Bb He- 
H8BBCTHOCTS, POKOBHA ocrbactsia KOTOparo TPyYXHO Wake YIecTh»? 
He xdpoms nosoftaags [loGbxonocnesh yObaxaxh cero He RacaTeca. 
VM ne xapoms HHS «<Hopoe Bpema» JORasHBaeTh, ITO HEXbSA OLHO- 
BPOMCHHO H HaCaklaTh YAcTHYW COOCTBEHHOCTS, H COXPAaHSTb seM- 
CEHXb HAaYaAbHHKOBS. BOSHHEDS BONPOCh O PaciiHpeHin OwAzAROTHHIXS 
Irpash yuu. UW sorh—cb oghol cCTOPOHH, IpeACTABHTCABCTBO, KOTO- 
poe H6 ReAaeTL pPacIHPHTh CBOH OWARETHHA [UpaBa, CCTh KappHKa- 
TYpa, & Cb APyTOH CTOPOHH,—COBMBCTAMO 8TO Ch YCTOSMH AIH HECO- 
BMbcTuMO? He ckasaBB BHYerO ONperbAeHHALO 10 CyMeCTBY, AyMCKOe 
OOABIIBHCTBO Depexoxax0 pburenie sto# cxzomHol sayaq Ha KOMHCCID. 
IipaBHTeABCTBO SAFOTOBHAO OHAO BSAKOHOUPOCRTH 0 NOCEAEOBOMS H BO- 
XOCTHOME yupaBaeHiaxh, 06% YIAcTKOBHXS KOMHCCapaYs HO pedbopah 
yBsxHaro yupaBbsenia. Ho TyAbckOe ABOPAHCTBO ye sa6HI0 TPeROrY Z. 
OPHTialbHO SaABHXIO, ITO STH MPOCKTH <UpeXACBPCMCHHH! H Epaiine 
onacHH>. HM Bb caMOMS WhXIS, ONacHH OHH HAH HeOnaceH? Cymbers 
TYABCKOG ABOPAHCTBO JOKasaTb, xb Tpedyerca, AX> HECOBMBCTHMOCTE 
Ch CYMeCCTBYWILHME CTpOeMh, HUH He cyMbeTB? Huayero HeaeBberHo. 
OnacHHa CTOPOHH USTHMHIAiapAHarO Tiana oka ycrpaHeswl. Ho 
BMBCTS Cb HHMH HC%O3b B CaMbit Naas. HbTS nxana. HW wbTs Dep- 
CICETHBS. 

Chbxaxoch AyMckoe GOXbIIHHCTBO ocr’ BakalionHaro OdwhHa 
MHbHift ch BBOHpAaTeIaMH 0 NOBOAY UWSHS Ha JHHBEOBD HT. WL. 
pexmeToss. Hexybxw yxs00ai0 Ha yCTpoHcTBO CKaHaxOBh 10 TOMY 
cayian, TO Il. H. Muxwxost mpowntass Bb AMepakS s0ENIW cD 
YUOMHHaHiemS 0 BHHOBHAKAXS EKHDIMHCBCKATO H NOCIBAYWULEXD Norpo- 





a 
XPOHHKA BHYTPEHHEH HSH. 105 


MoBB *). WM oTorh cnoco6S pasHoo6pasHTs BpeMA, He 3aHATOe oMpe- 
RBICHHHIMS ASIOMS, HANPABACHHHMS KB ONperbseHHoOH Hu ToHnATHOH 
IrBAH, BOSMYTHIE Jake KH. Memepckaro BB «l'paxsjanHHb». Herban 
HOATOPH OTHAXS CKAHLAAbHHA BOUpOCh O BaKPHTIA ABepeH KOMUCCIH 
TO rocyyapcTBeHHOH odoponb. SnBapb, czasa Bory, mpomers. Ha 
Gxumaiinee BpeMA BaTOTOBAeHS WbIH pas pasBrexeHilt: 1) BHeceHS 
Bapoch, WOVeMY cTaTch-cexpeTapw DHaAAHAiM MpexocTaBAeHO UpaBo 
OCOOHX AOKAa{OBE? 2) BHECeHS salpocb, moyeMy BE PanxAdHTin 
oOHapyxeHo wbetoupe6wBanie pesoxmnioneponh? 3) saroTOBseHb 38a- 
ROHOUPOeRTS O NpHcveHHeHin Buw6oprckol ry6epHin kb 4wWcAy M'bCT- 
HocTeH, yUpaBXHeMEIXh Ha OOMeME OCHOBAHIA... JIlpanga, nepaiit 
3aNpOCh CMYTHA Take OKTAOPHCTCEHXS WPHCTOBS (Hanp., Sap. Mefi- 
eH10pha), TaKb EaKb BIOpraercd Bb OOAACTH CHOPHHXS H MeKOTAH- 
BHXD HOpMS s8akoHa. Bropof sanpoctb cnoco6ewb CMYTHTL ame He 
DPHCTOBS. Cb TAKHMh HC TOUO WPaBOM MOKAO CIPOCHTL Y DpaBHA- 
TCALCTBA,—NOWMY PEBOAMTIOHEPH AMBOTS MbcTONpeOHBAHie BO BCBXS 
o6aactaxs Poccificro# umuepin? TOmopucruyeckie XypHasH MOTYTE, 
noxa1yH, Wepedpasaposatb,—Ha KakOMb OCHOBaHIH BB PHHAAHAIN, 
10 upaMbpy kopenHoH Poccin, Obrawrs sain? SaxoHompoesTs 0 
Bu6oprcko# ryOepHid cAOBHO JIM TOTO H NPALYMaHb, ITOOH Cb Of- 
HOH CTOPOHE! 8ACBHYBTCALCTBOBATS UPeAaHHOCTh OCHOBHHIMD 3aKOHaM’s, 
& Cb Apyro#—noATBepAHTS CAYXH O HellocpeAcTBeHHOH ONacHOCTH Ha 
Bauxaemt 4 JasbHem® Boctor’. HW ag Bb kano CBASH Cb YeTHPbMA 
WyaMH OFepeAHHXE pePopMS AH 8alayh sTo He CTOHTS. HO pasBxec- 
WeHia XBaTHTS Hagoaro. UM, OHTS MoReTS, OOmee cobpanie Ayu npx 
TOMOMH pasBleweHin us6aBHTbca TARH OTb JeTasbHaro pascuorpSuis 
Owzxeta Ha 1908 r. 

Al xopomo NOHHMQ10, 4TO HHAMIATOPH 8alpocoBS 0 ansannin 
PYKOBOAATCH AatekO He IhisMn pasBzeyeria. HecomHbHHO, BE STHXD 
Balupocaxh, KaRB H BE cEaHwasb I]. H. Muxwxosy sa o6n,HyW 
«<@BPeHCEHMS OTPOMIJHKAaMb» AeKUIN, KAaKb WH BO MHOTAXS ADPy- 
THX, o0H80laxXb BHHSMHeH JyMckoH MasHH, eCTh cBOH CMBICIh H 
cBog cuctema. WM ur06% NOSCHHTb, NOYEMY eTa CHCTOMA JIA TBOPIOBS 
@H SBIAeTCH BCC TARH pasBreveHieMb, HH, CCAH XOTHTe, CIOCOOOMB 
CKpacHTs Gesxbibe BHAUMOCTLH Fbsa, MHS IPUAeTCA HAVATh HBRaleka. 
Vimenno weyasera, OnTS MOKETS, JAM HAC CTAHYTS BuIAE ele Koe- 
KRAKIA YOPTH CXOACTBA MeRIY Creceeatanol H Tekyme# poccificno# xbii- 
CTBHTOIbHOCTh. 


*) Taxb, 00 Kpauef mbpb, dopMyxHpopano ,Hosoe Bpema’ ra Bani 
NYHETS O6BHHOHIA NpoTuBD fr. MumioKosa. , MHIDKOBD, — BOSMYMaIach 3Ta 
raseta 27 AHBaps,—DOATepKalb rHycHyw Kxreperty... YTBepmiad, ITO pyccKisf 
rocylapbh UpomaeTb BCBXD eBpeACKHXh NOpOMMHEKOBS, YAHICHHHX® 00 cyLy, 
r. MuxWKOBD aeTb DOHATS, ITO... HeroqOBaHie Bcero CBBTa CUpaBeAIHBO... 
Co BpeMeHH KHIIHHOBCKaro NOrpomMa Upoman roga. He TOABKO aMepHkaay, 
HO MBHorie pycckio eBpeH HaiagH 3a06bBaTb 06% 3Tof HeTopin... Ho r. Maaw- 
KOBE CICNS AOATOMS OM6 pasd KPAKHYTH*, HT. A. CM. ,[IHCbMa Kb OLHRHUMS “ 
r. MeHpmuxosa. . 


106 A. IETPHILEBS. 


. IV. 


Bb maprs 1907 r. wa ceHaropost I[uaxopckaro 4 CMHDpHOBA 
O6paTux5 BHAMaHie OpraHb BepxoBHot yupaBN «Pycckoe dHaMd». 
QO6oHMS ceHaTopaMt Ox0 HOcTaBIeHO Ha BHIb, ITO HXb CyAelickag 
WBATCALHOCTS HE COOTBBTCTBYeTh UpeANOAOMEHIAMS BepXOBHOH yIpaBH. 
Hi <Pycckoe 3Hama» «<NpHrTposHto uM Kapo». Uepesb 9 wbcalless 
cenaTopHl [a,zoscrift a CMHpHOBD HeOMANAHHO AAA HAXS H BOUPOKE 
OOHUHOMY HOPSAKY, YCTAHOBACHHOMY CO BpeMeHD HBAaHiA CyACOHHIXS 
ycTaBoBb Azekcupypa II, 6WAH yaaleHH M8b KaccalionHaro Aenap- 
TaMeHTa, TakOBO BkpaTITB cokepxanie OHO H8b SaMBIOKS, Hallew- 
TAHHHXS BE «Phin», 4 apBpapa. 18 agpaps Bo 2 OTXBACHIH YTOXOE- 
Haro kaccamionHaro elapTaMeHTa pascMaTpHBasach kaccalioHHad 
mxazo6a eppea beiipnma Teepa, upxropopesuaro KB TDpexroAHWHOMY 
BQENOVCHIN Bh APCCTAHTCKHXD poTaX} 38a UPHIBCAHHOCe eMy yOilicTBO 
KPeCTbAHEH BO BpeM# MOrpoMa Bb MBcTeuKB Kosuno, AyOeHcKaro j., 
13 xexa6pa 1905 r. Teept—wmbcran xaBOUHHEG 4H, Kakb BHACHE- 
XOCh, BC@ BDPCMA NOFpOMa <«NpOcHAbAD OesBHXOXHO BB 1yaaHB». OO6- 
BHHeHIe ero BE yOiltcTBb BOSHHEAO 10 KOHOCY ABYXb MuTexe wh- 
cTeyka. A uepponagaxbHo cyrzeOnwit crbgonareas UpekpaTHrb BAO, 
Hafiad AOHOCS BHO HexBOWMS. Ho emy 6NAO UPeAMHCAaHO BTOPHUHO 
IponsbectH crbactBie. Ob MpousBeXb H YCTAHOBHIB cAbsAywUee. 
06a jOHOCIHKa,—I1eHH MBcTHarO OTYbra cowsa pycckaro Hapoxa — 
npexxe Mb BOSHHRAO 00 HXB yRasaHin hx0, TPHXOAHIH Kb 
Teepy a tpe6opasu 100 py6xe#, yrpoxaa Bb NpPOTHBHOMD CzyWaB A0- 
HOcoMb. Cabgoparexb BTOPHYHO UpekpaTuxs Abo. Torga emy OnLEO 
IpeqGHCaHO IpOHsBecTH CIYBACTBIe Bb TpeTifi pasb, «<JONPOCHBS Bb 
RAYCCTBS CBHAbTexeH O6OHXE YICHOBS CON8A pPyCcKarTO Hapoka, MOX- 
HHCABIIAXS AOHOCE». Aba TakHMS OOpasomh DolaIo Bb cyxXb. Cy- 
OMS, 10 MHBHIW 3aDlHTHHEOBS, COBepmleHb «bin pat BODID- 
MBX MpomeccyaxbHHXxb Hapymenifi>. Ho MH STHXS Hapymenifi 
KacaTbcd He 6yJeMb; KCTaTH, IpHcamHaro noBbpenuaro H. Dl. Ka- 
padweBckaro, MOAAepRuBABMaro KaccalioHHywW a10by Teepa BB ce- 
HaTb H YKASHBaBUaro Ha HEAONYCTHMHA UpoleccyaxbHbld HapyNIeHiz, 
upeacbaateabcTsylmif cexatopt Bappapaat <oOpHBarb ero HBCKOABEO 
pasb». Bo scakomb cayzab Teept mpushakh BHHOBRHMS. A ero 
BaccamlonHy xal06y ceHaTh «N0cah HeNpOAOARUTeIbHATO COBSMAHIE 
OCTaBHAD Oe3b Docrbactsit H UpATOBOpS cyyza yTBeplEAb» *). 

Heyzasno Mexjy <Times>’oms u «<Pocciel» BosHukAa O30 Oxe- 
MHE@ 0 DOBoxy <BHOGoprckaro Mponecca». «Times» yTBepKIalt, ITO 
«“MHHACTPbh WCTHIUM He TOXbKO COBBULAACA Cb CYAbSMH 110 DOBOAY 
TOCTAHOBKH BOMPOCOBh, HO 4TO H BONPOCHHH AHCTS BS erO OKOHGA- 








*) ,PBap*, 19 supapa 1908 r. 





XPOHHKA BHYTPEHHEH HSH. 107 


TEIBHOH peakNiv HallHCaH’b PYROW MHHCTpa». <Poccia» JokashiBata, 
4TO BTOTO He MOFAO OHITb, H Bb NOATBEPRMeHie CCHAaIach Ha TO, ITO 
COBBMaTezbHad KOMHATa cyJe Hs0aHpOBaHa, HW BD Heit HBTS Texe- 
(OHHarO anuapara. Ba qaHHOM) cxyiab, apryMeHTS He IpesBHahHO 
yObuuTerbHHA. Ilepexb OkOHATeXLHOH TOcTaHOBKOH BOMPOCOBR BO 
BpeMa BHOOprckaro Mponecca Oba NepepHBH, BO BpeMA KOTOPHXb 
yr. Kpamexaukoba AM'bAACh NOAHAA BOSMORHOCTH HE TOABKO JAA epero- 
BOPOBD Cb MHHHCTPOM® NO TexeoHy, HO H AAA AHTHNXD cBHAaHi. Na H 
BOOOMe HOIbSA OTE aplyMCHTOBS, OCHOBAHHHIXS Ha YHCTO BHBIIAUXS 
IpHSHakaXE (OTcCyTCTBie TexeoHa, CTOPORD y ABepeH copbmaresbHok 
KOMHATH), H6peXOJBTb KS BHBOLAMS 10 cymectsy. Monna-Banna mpo- 
Bela BOW Y «YyROTO», STO ele HO 8HAYHTS, ITO OHA HSM'BHHAB MYAY; 
eax cochixa curbsa 10Ma,—oTO elle He 3HAaYATb, 4TO Oa HO HOM'- 
HHAa. Ho, NOCKOABEY PbYb MOMCTH HATH O YAcTHUHOH AOKAsATeIBHOR 
CHI'B BHBIUHAXS UPH8HakOBb,—ccHAka Odaiosa coBbTa MHHHCTPOBS 
Ha cTopoxefl u TexeoHH HMBeTE cBOe OCHOBaHie. Bp camomb Wbxb. 
Cowsb yrpomaeTh ceHaTopaMt; CeHaTOPH, BOsOyIHBDIe HEYNOBONBCTBIC 
C0038, YCTPAHANTCH; COWS JOHOCHTS, 00 eC©O AQHHHIME CYAATh, Ce- 
HaTh YTBepK{aeTS UPHTOBOPH. HKonewo, sce sto BHBMHIe IpH- 
3HaEH. OHH elle He RANTS Wpaka YTBepRIaTb, ITO MeRAy KeAanIAME 
CO8& H IPHTOBOpaMH ceHaTa pesnayeprana rapmoHia. Ho ETO 3a- 
XO"UETE AOKASATb, ITO STOH TapMOHIH He CYMIECTBYeTh, TOTh AOARCHS 
GyxeTb, 00 Kpatinett whpb, oObacHHTD, KARE HAO NOHBMATh BHbIMHie 
NpHSHaRH ex. [510 He Bb OAHOMD ceHaTh, XOTA HaMb KB HEMY ee 
Halo 6yxeTb BepHyTsca. Jb10 BL TOMS, YTO BOOHME PyccCkad MRASHb 
8a NOcrbawee BpeMA NeHb-OTO-ANA CTAHOBATCA Goraye pesBHyailHo- 
YAHBHTCABHHIMA BHBOIABMA IIpHsHakaMH. 

Hbxnuckie cOWSHHEH CMYIeHH. OOHapymusach Opasy Bb HBCKOMb- 
EHX YIpeReHiAxs roposa Tpewora 38 cysb6y O6MLeCTBCHHHIX’ CYMM'B. 
Ho Am TOXBKO Bb TaseTAXS NOABHAHCH rayxia CBBABHIA 0 KARUXS- 
TO pacTpaTaxs, Eb KOTOPHM MpHIacTHH! Kakie-TO MBCTHHE CONSHHEA, 
H «BB Hbaxars nommmia Hwavasa GesipectawHO OXOTHTBCA 8a FaseT- 
HHMH KOPpeCHOHACHTAMH; CTOHTS TOXBEO ONYCTHTS BE MOYTOBHH AMLHES 
THChMO Ha HMA KakoH-mn60 crommqHod wan Riesckot pexanniu, Kak 
38 BaMH HawYHHAWTh CABAHTL, H TOPe BaMb, CCAH BH OkameTCCh bi- 
CTBHTCXBHO KOPpecHOHJeHTOME: HeMHHYeMA BHICLLIKA H8b DpeXbAOBS 
Yepuuropcko# ry6.» Hbckoxbku KOppecnoOHJeHTOBh yRe Bb a{MHHH- 
CTpaTHBHOME MOpateS BECIaHH *). 

Kiesckad roposckad AyMa BHHyYXIeHa UPHHATCA 8a yoOpssoyeHnie 
TOPOACERXS JCHCRHHXE Xbb, Kpaline pascTpOeHHHXb ONBIUHM T0- 
POACKHMB rox0BOW YF. LponeHkomt, HHS BHIHHMS CONSHHKOMD A 
urenoms T'ocyxapctsennot Jymuy. [Ipamsoch HaTOIRHYTBCaA H& rpyabt 
PacxoJOBb, HHYBMB He ONPaBAAHHHXb H YAcTbW NpsMO TAaKH He 8a- 


EOHHHXb. Takb 41M HHage, HO Lr. Iiponenry yrpogaeTS HAH WOOpe-. 


—— ——— ee ee eee ee 


*) .Pbub*, 1 deppara 1908. 


re 


108 A. ITBTPHILEBS. 


BOIBHO DOMOAHHTS TOPOACKYH KACCy CYMMOW OKOXO cTa THCATS py6- 
xe, HAH IpescTaTs upexs cyzom’s. Iloxa r. I[poneHko namerh CBOE 
OGbACHCHIA 10 NOBOXY MHOTHXS HeIPaBHAbHHIXd, HA BSIAAXb HNHBIO- 
Hef YTopoAckoH yupasy, jbitcTBii. A eTo cO"xeHH 0 sieBCKOMY 
OT©BIY COW8A MHMYTh AOHOCH, H H&A OCHOBaHIH 98TAXb 4XOHO- 
COBb yRO YBOJCHS H8b TOPOAcKOH yupaBH BAW PAXb OUNTHHXS 
CAYKAMAXS, XOPOMO OCBSAOMACHANXD BB WhicTsiaxs r-Ha IIponexKo. 
AOHOCH CHIAWTCA HA ICHOBL roposckoH AYMBI, Ha IACHOBD YUPAaBH, 
Ha BCH yopaby. Ilo cpbybainms «Kienckot Mucag», sos6yxaqent 
BONpOCh 0 «pocnyckB EpaMoAbHOH ropoxckoH AYMH», Kakb OLEH pac- 
ymeHh ABb Cocyzapcrsesana yuu. Jlo <pociycka», Hayo Harbarsca, 
pe yohizeTh, ThMb Gombe, ITO cOcTaBbh HWHbuTHeH KieBcKOH AyMHI BS 
OOmleMb, Bb CMHCXIS NOAMTHICCKHXE yObuenili, copepmeHHO O.zaro- 
Haxemenb. HO eCAH 8TO MCTOA'S BRHYAKTL YUPAaBY Kb sabKeHiW Mpon- 
SHXD (BIS, TO OHS HOBOXbHO HANOMHHACTS MOpMyAY COW3HHKOBB 
mbctewuka Hosuna: «japal cro py6xe, He TO yeky Ha TpH roxa 
Bh ApecTauTckia pOTH». : 

Y RaBgasckaro cowsHuka ©. THMOMEHHa (HHS weHa JyMH) BO 
BpeMaA BHIOOPOBE OLLIE IPOTHBHAKS,—UpenosaBaTeib KYTAHCCKOH rHuM- 
nasiu r. Ilymeapess. Ho nacTosHin comsaHKons ©. Ilymmapesy oper- 
AOMCHE WOMOUMTeIeME yuedHaro OEpyra nepeBoxb usb KytTanca BD 
saxoxycTHH Jep6eurs («Pbib», 28 xexadpa 1907). 

XapbEOBCKOMY CONSHHEY, & HHAB HX pesagTopy «l'y6epHcxuxt Bbyx0- 
octet» , IPHBaTb-AOeCHTY HaTKOBy, YHHBEPCHTeTS OTKASAID BL BAULATS 
HCKOMOH yyeHOH cTeneHH—MaracTpa TOproBaro upaBa. CBepxs Toro, 
«NomeyHTeab yueOnaro Okpyra mpessomurh rr. HKaTkoBy MOKHHYTb 
MBCTO YUHTCIA SAKOHOBBYBHIA BL peawbHOMh yUHAnObs. Be pe3yIs- 
TaTh OKASHBAWTCA DOABTHUECKA HeOAATOOOAYYHHIMHE: COBLTb XApbKOB- 
ckaro YHHBepcuTeta BOOOMCe, ACKAHS WPATRIECKArO takysbTeTa Upodp. 
Sarypceifi Bb OCOOeHHOCTH, AHPOKTOPS peatbwarO YUAAHMAa, YIHTeAs 
H Jame OWeITeAL OKpyra. CONWSHARH Takb HEYTOMHMO IAMYTb X0- 
HOCH, HOMeIHTeAB ORPYTa JO TOTO H3MYVCHD HeYCTAaHHNMH lpexuE- 
caHiama usb Ilerep6ypra: «Zarb o6bacHenia», <IpUHsBeCTH JOsHaHies, 
WTO «lOTpe6oBarb, HAKOHCI'b, KOMAHIJHPOBKH GHHOBHHES® A3> MHHE- 
CTOPCTBa JAA peBHsin» *). 

Apa roxa nasal o6mee coOpanie RieBckaro oOmlecTBa rpaMOTHOCTH 
HOCTAHOBRIO HCKANGHTE YT. I[MxXHO H8b YHCIA WOUeTHHIXD GAeHOBD. HM 
anvHHt opraus r. Iaxno: <KiebisHHHb>, H COM3b PyCCKaro Hapoka, Kb 
Koemy Yr. [[HxHO MpHMEIKAe€Th, OTEPHAH ClemiasbHW NOxoKb MpOTHBS 
oOnlectBa rpamoTHocTH. IlocHnaaHch AOHOCH, 4TO kKieBCKi# KHUmHHE 
CK1ANb OOMECTBa, MEXLY UPOYHMS, PACMpOCTpaHAeTL «PeBOAWMIORHYW 
zuTepatypy». OgHako, HeCMOTPa H& TIMaTesbHbe H MHOFOKpaTHBle 
OOKICEH <BB Ki€BCKOMB CkAaxb, HH OHO sallpenleHHOH KHHTH He 


*) ,Pbab*, 3 heppana 1908. 





XPOHHEA BHYTPEHHEH RHSHH. 169 


Okasazocb» *). MH m0 orewBy kieBckaro uHCHeRTOpa Tanorpapill, r. 
Hwmouscearo, <Bech NOpAXORS Belenia hia Bb ERBRHOMS CkhrIAXh 
eOmecTBa rpaMOTHOCTH BHOsHS oTBhiaeTs Tpe6cBaHiaMS 8akOHA. 
Homsrrasmcs mpegaTh Bb Hayaxb 1907 rojza saBblwWBaBMalo CKIa{ONT 
CyAY 8a XpaHeHie sanpemleHHHXt Hexanift. OxHARO, cyxeOHaa MazaTa 
BHHCCAa UPHBACICHHOMY Ol[paBlaTeAbHHH wUpHroBops **), Ho—«yo- 
HOCHTG HeIpeCcTaHHO, H YCIMMHTCAa». 23 aHBApA 10 AOKAaTy RieBCKaTO 
Bue-ry6epHaropa Ouxayesa, oOmeCTBO rpaMOTHOCTH co BCBMH ero 
oTxbsediamu On110 afuuHucTpanie saxpyTo ***). IlpHwHHH odn- 
IasbHO HeuSBSCTHH. OduniosHo xe oObaBACHO BD «KiepaguEHh>, ITO 
BH RICBCKOM CEAAXB «HafifeHH THCAIH OpomNps peBomMioHHa;rO 
COfepmania>. «THCAYH pPeBOXNNIOHHHXS», HO «HH OXHOH sanpenleH- 
HOH#»,—O4eCBHAHO, IPH TARHX YCAOBIAXS YIOBACTBOPHTS IpeTeHsilo 
NOSHTHYCCESXE Apyseit r. IwxHO MOrb TeABEO TyGepHaTOph HAH re- 
Hepalt-ry6epHaToph, HO HAKARS He cyqeOHad Maxara. 

Ho o6n]a cowsHHkoBS ropasno come w Tray6me, YhME MORHO 
AYMaTb, CCXH CYAUTb TOIBKO NO HeNpiaTHOMy Aaa YT. UuxHO nocTaHo- 
BACHIWO OOmecTBa TpaMOTHOCTH. CyTS BE TOM, ITO MHOFie WCHH STerO 
oOmecTsa, HapasHb cb agBokaTaMH H PaSHHMH IPyrHMn AHNaMH, CO- 
WbitcTBOBAIH YCTAHOBIACHIN (AkTHICCKHXE OOCTOATEALCTBS KieBCKATO 
TorpoMa Bb oKTs6pb 1905 r. PaxTuyeckuxs OGCTOATEALCTBS WOTpPO- 
MOBE y Hach BOOOMe He ANOHTE HH UpaBHTCAbCTBO, HH CONSHHEH. 
Bt KOH AHBAaps H. fr. ONHO HBNaT@ALCTBO BHIYCTHAO EHHTY: «Ma 
Tepialy 10 ucTopid pyccRo# KoHTpb-peBorwnia. Dorpomm 20 opuniax- 
HHIWE JOKyMeHTamMsB». Ilo oranBy «CToawyHoh [loarni», sto uMeHHO— 
«MaTeplasH», IpocTad Depeleyarka IPABHTeALCTBCHHHIXS JOKYMCHTOBS, 
Gest koOMMeHTapi#. Kura rbws He mewhe xonduckoBana. UH, Bab 
OOHWHATO NOPAIEA, OMHOBpPeMeHHO CB HalOmeHiemE apecTa «NOH 
DpeMIHCaHO NIPHHATh OHEPIHIHHA MAPH MBPH Eb ASbATIN HSS KHEX- 
HHXS MarasHHOBb HasBaHHOH Kaun» ****), MaxTuyeckia OOCTOATEIb- 
CTBa EleBCKarO NOTpoMa TORe He MOTYTS OHTh UPiATHH HH BAACTH, HH 
cosy. Ha HezaBHemsS KieBCKOMD IIporecch NOrpoMMHKOBD Uperschyza- 
Telb Ch HOJHHIME CcOsHaHiems cBoero ciymeOHaro AOITA UpecbRars 
BOSMORHOCT BLIACHATA HanOorbe OCTpHe H, 10 MH'BHIW rpaxlaHCcRuXS 
HCTIOBD, HAaHOOTBe BARAHC [Ad Cyla PATH. Hoe-ITO ONHAKO BHIACHH- 
Hoch. BHACHHIOCh, MERAY UPOYHMS, ITO DOTPOMMIHEH CHCTEMATHYCCEH 
YHHATORAIH Wapceie NOPTpPeTH, BPHBAACh Bb eBpelickie joma *****), 
Bb antekapckoMb MarasHHS Kze6anosa, Hallp., OHH’ 3B DOrpoM- 





*) Cu. ofuniambHoe nACcbMO mpexcbBaaTeia coBbra o6mectTBa r. 
Haymenka, ,Hiesck. Bbctu.*, 18 auBaps 1908. 
**) .Pbub‘, 8 anBapa 1908. 

*4%) Kpomb DesTparbHOA opraHHsaliH, 3akKpHTH 11 npoBHHTiaibHHxb 
oTabienifi un 186 naBMeHKOBCKHXE G6nOxioTeKD UpH wkonaxs. ,Cr. Moura“, 
25 auBapa 1908. 

****) «<Phab», 2 depp. 1908. 
se4t8" <Phabe, 14 nex. 1907. 





110 A. DETPHILEB. 


MHKOBE «COHIS NOPTpeTh WarAkOH H OTAOMAIL YTOAb paNw» *). Tags 
Ke, 00 Cl0BaMs CBuxbTeIa CaxneBHya, NOCTYNHIA Cb DOPTpeTom’ rocy- 
Aapa cowsHHEH locuds Torses x Jlyxa J baxonh ope pasrpoms EOHTOpH 
Pa6unesuya **), Kycka paw 4 OOpPHBEH NoprTpeta ONAH BHHeECeHH Ha 
yIHWy H, YRa3SHBad Ha HHXS, COWSHHEA EpHIaAH 06% ocKOpOszeHiz 
Tapa <KHJaMH» H IPHSHBAasH Kb JasAbHSHMEMS NOTpOMaMb. YHHITO- 
xeHie Dapckaro NoprpeTa BS saxb TOpomcKoH AyMH MOCAYRHAO axe 
Kakb OW CHTHaX0Mb &% DOrpomy. VM Bo Bpema mponecca upercbaa- 
TOXb MOAIA CAYMAN, KOTA& COWSHHEH PasCKashlBadH, ITO NOPTpers 
YHHITORAAH HEHSBBCTHNEG peBOXWUIOHEPH OAS UpeABOAHTCALCTBOME 
<Paruepa, [lasxtepa a Apyruxs xHIOBb». Ho cBuybrexH-ovesHAUH, 
CHOCOOHHe BHACHHTb, ETO OHAH STH «HeASBECTHHe peBOAWMionepH>, 
OkasazHCh YCTPaHeHHHIMA. Boe HS OFEBHALEBS COW AOATOMD H3I0- 
SHHTb CBOG DOKasanie Bb raseTaxb. HM m0 HXb ClOBaMb, Qapceill 
HOprpeTh BB JyMB YHHYTORCHL COWBSHMKOMS H NOIPOMMBKOMS, 110 
upossumy «Bacbxo# [puroppesiiwb»***), OTBBTHBIIEMS «OTOOpHOH py- 
TaHbW» Ha IpoTecTyMMlie BOUPOCH HBROTOPHXS «peBolwuioneposBs>, 
8aTbMb Ob eTO WhaaeTs. HanomHw, ECTaTH, 3T0 Ha <Bacbsy I'pa- 
TOpbeBa> KAaKb HA AHO, pPasopBaBllee BB kiesckoH AyMB Dapceifi 
HOPTpeTh, YRASHBaIOCh Bb TaseTaXb s8alOATO AO Upomecca; 4 ero Ha- 
SHBalH IPH STOMS <AreHTOME MOARWIA»,—CHCKHOH (pH YBOICHHOM®S 
HHS HavaIbHHES kieBckaro CHICKHOTO OTIbaecHia I. PyfoMb) 41H 
OXpaHBoH, TAKE H OCTAAOCh HCBHACHCHHHIMS. Kakb BHARTe, y Kies- 
CKHXB CONS8HHEOBS O0xbmie H cTaphe CYeTH Cb «kpamoaoH». boxsmie 
H CTaphHe CueTH Cb KiCBCKHMH KPaMOABHHRaMH H Y TakOrO BHABArO 
4NCH& COW3a, KaEb OBIT BO BpeMaA DOrpoMa kiCBCRHMS reHepars- 
ry6epaatopoms r. Kxetiressct. Ha kiescRHXS EKpaMOJbHHEOBS (HAUpE- 
Mbpb, Ha. Parnepa) 7aBHO yRe NOCHAAWTCA AOHOCH. Bs yacTHocts, 
IpoTHBS fr. PatHepa HayaTo OHAO AaKe Bh CyYACOHOMD NOPAAKS Wha0, 
KOTOpOe, O(HAKO, UPHOIAOCh UpexpaTaTs. Ho cOMSHHEH He CRAOHSH 
CAOMHTE Opyxie. I. Bopucs LOseosays nocab nponecca o norpoms 
CHOBa 10ciaib OOmupHHt AOHOCh Ha «eBpea I'puropia bpogxcKano, 
eppea Buunenosscearo, Ilzaxopa, [[lauxtepa, Uledreas, Parnepa # 
up.». (sb HaspaHoHXxt Hub Fr. Iledrem, 00 CBOHMB NOAHTHYE- 
CRUMB BSlisfaMb, OAWSOKb Kb UpAasBOMY KPWAY OTAOPHCTOBE; Ipu- 
ONHSHTCABHO TAKHXS Re BSTAAIOBD HY. [lszaxosh, OHBMI, CKOADEO 
TIOMHHTCS, YICHOMD KieBCKOH roposckoH YOpaBH, pH ropoxACKOms Iv- 
x0sb r. [ponesxs). Wunyrao QOHOCTHRS ykasHBaeTh Ha <OTABIB- 
HEXB UpexcTaBaTeteh cabAcTBeHHOH H UpOKypopckoH BAaCTH», KOTO- 
phI€ «Bb CHAY HIH DOAKYUa, HAH MpeaTeABCTBa»He IPHBACKAWTS Ha- 
SBaHHHX PeBOAWMIOHEPOBb NOMS cyxb. Ha OcHOBaHiH sTOTO KOHOCA 


ee 


*) <Kiescr. Bbcrm», 16 yer. 1907. 
**) <Kiescr. Béctu», 14 ger. 1907. 
***) Cu. «Kiescx. Miicap>, 22 ans. 1908, «Kies. Bba.», 23 aus. 1908. 


é 





XPOHHEA BHYTPEGHEH KH3HH. Lil 


MHHUCTPS WCTHUIH SKCTPeHHO BH3BAIB Npokypopa kiescko# cyxebHok 
faxaTH BB IHerep6ypre... 

OTb OTEBALHHX}S BASMHAXD WPH8HAKOB MBI TOMOWIM Kb NOITH 
BcepoccifickoH kaptHA’. UW ex, onaTb TakH BHBMRIA, OVepTaHia UpH- 
G6AMSHTCILHO TAKOBH. [leHTpadbHad BAACTh Bb AIHHWH MOMEHTS BCe- 
mMBpHO osa6oyeHa YCHIeHieMS NOABMH H OCOOeHHO chICKHOH yacTE. Bs 
Tocynxapcrsenuyto Jlymy, kpomb paya mpeqctapreHift O KpexHTaxhb Ha 
ycuteHie nolunin Bb pasMBpB cBHMe Muxziona pyOref», BHECeHD 
BAKOHOMPOCETS «00% yupempenin 2 CHICKHHX®S OTAbAeCHIH NepBaro pas- 
paga, 12—sroporo paspsza, 73—rTpeTbaro paspsya», BCero Ha CYMMY 
1.179.500 *). OHOBpemeHHO pa8BHIH YCHICHHYH J'BATCABHOCTS BB 
STOMB HanpaBleHin MBCTHHd BAacTH. Hiescrift, Hanp., ry6epHaTopS 
BOMeIB Cb XoOfaTaicTBoMb 06% yupemseHid CHCKHHXS oTrbrenili 
BO BCbxXS yhaqaxt. Hbxorophia seMcTBa, kakb, Hallp., ExarepHao- 
ClaBckoe H XepcoHCKOS ACCHTHOBadH KPYNHWA cpexcTBa Ha OpraHH- 
salin ybeznaro chicka. Wi HesaBHCHMO OTS STOrO, HBROTOPHEe IpPOBHH- 
WaIbAbe OTLBIN COW8a PyCCKaro Haposa—Halp., kiesckifi a oneccRid— 
OPuMiaIbHO OpraHH30BaXHCh BB NOLYABTOHOMHHA CHCKHHA OTFbAevI«A. 
A mauorie apyrie oTrbIH, yame Taxie Meakie, kakG KOBHHCRI, TyOeH- 
CEaro y., CYMECTBYHTb XOTA H Bb HEOPraHH3OBAaHHOMS, HO CHICKHOM'S 
cocToaHid. BuaacTh, aya IBEBYAHPOBATh peBOAWUIW, YTKO 
RACTE NOAHTHICCKHXDE JOHOCOBS. CONSHHEH JOHOCATD. 

HecomH'bHHO, COWSHHE JOHOCH, BOOOMe He BCerfa TOXKOBHIE, N0- 
pO! AJHETYWTCA YHCTO IHYHHMH CyeTaMH. BD Barb HpuMbpa, COMANCh 
xoTra 6H Ha coo6Omenie «I‘pamlanHHa», HHEBM He ONPOBepruyroe. 
«Bb UpHnagkb wekaBHCTH—wmMers opranb KH. Memepcraro—kzs 
r. Jy6posuny r. Llypwmsesayh oTupanaaca Eb TOBapHIly MHHHCTpa 
BHYTpeHHHXS bit KpwaeakoBckoMy, cBOeMy OAHSKOMY UpiaTean, 4, 
YRKasaBb eMY H& KaKyW-TO CTaTbW BB «PyccKOMh SHAaMCHH» CTalb 
HacTanBaTh Ha OMTpa@osakin r. AyOpoBpuna 3a sry crarsw. I. Kpy- 
RAHOBCKIA UpesIOMHAS TpalOHaiaIbHAky OWTpadosaT, r. Jy6popana 
Ha 500 p., no r. [lypumkepays npusHalb eTOTh WTpadsb Hepocta- 
TOUHHMS H Hawalb HacTaHBaTb Ha oOmTpadoBanin Jly6popnna Ha 
3.000 p.,—9TO H coBepmuHr0ch»y **). HecoMHBHHO Take, YO JOHOCH 
IpakTHRYWTCH H Cb WHIAMH KOPHICTHHMH, H pPagH cBeseHiA MOIHTH- 
WeECKBXB cueToBh. Ho HecOMHBHHO Take, ITO COWSHHH CHIMIAERD UH 
ZOHOCIHES MHOFBMD OTAHYACTCA OTS OOHKHOBCHHALO, TWosHDeHCKArO. 
Ou®B cmbrs w HacTohuaBs. Kaxofi-na6ya r. WKsehosnyt Bb Kiesb 
wan TY. KoHwOBHHOHES BS Onecch, noTeprbsb Heyza4yy #2 HHSIDHXS 
HHCTaHiaxh, cMBIO alpecyeTS CBOH OyMarH Ha HMA BepxXOBHOH BAa- 
CTH, UpPA dTOMb Ty61HRyeTb HXD BO BCeOOMee cBBIbHIe, NyOauEyeTD 
ame WOAyWeHHHe OTBBTH, HOPOBATS BceMy MIpy MOxBaCcTaTBCg, 
GTO OH YOBOPHAb, H TO CAHMaIb. Apyrok Bompocs, HackOaAbKO 


*) «Pap», 6 ass. 1908. 
**) TInt. n0 «Pbun», 8 anB. 1908. 








112 A. IISTPHDIEBD. 


8TO yAO6HO H BHTOXHO Aaa UpaBuTeabcrBa. Ho ecan 3a nocrbsuee 
BPOMA Bb WBAOMS PANS TOPOAOBS HayaTH cyxeOHhia Whra O AHNAXt, 
YIACTBOBaBIAXS B OCBOOOAHTCABHOMS ABARCHIH OKTAOPHCKEXE # 
AGH 10-OKTAOPHCEHXS AHeli 1905 r., TO sTy sacxyry cOWSE He Gee. 
OCHOBAHIA MORCTE NPHINCAaTh cBoeH HacTOHUHBOCTH H CBOeH CMBAOCTE. 
Humbursift kiescrifi npokypops, r. KyxypaHosh, HWBIbh MYMOCTBO Dy- 
61H%HO SAaSBHTb, ITO Bb OCHOBY CBOCH WBATCALHOCTH OH MO0AORXTS 
IpaBATeABCTBCHHYN ACKXapaiw *). Ho takb HacTaHBaTb Ha JAKBH- 
Aamin OkTSOpbcKOH «kpaMoan» 1905 r., kakb HacTanBaeTh fr. Bopsch 
IOsehosuyb, Takb AepsaTs YT. KykypaHoBS He pBIHACd, Na Hw HE 
MOIS PBIUHTbCA Bb CHAY Aame cxrymeOHOH cyOopxuHanix. 

Ilpapja, Ha STOME UYTH BCTPBIHAOCh MAACHBKOCG (OPpMAAbHOe Ipe- 
naTcTsie. Bb THTHPOBaHHOME BHINe H HAalevaTaHHOMh Bb «Kiesss- 
HHH» «DpomieHin» Ha BiCOgatimes uma r. Bopacs Wsedhosxas yrsep- 
KlACTh, ITO H&SBAHHHe HME POCBOAWDIOHOPH OPrakHwsOBasH MATCIS,— 
HEMOJACHHOG HACHIBCTBCHHOC <«HHCIpPOBepReHie», UpexycNorpbaHoe 
100 4 102 cr. YrosopHaro Yasomenia. Bs wrhlicrpuTeszbHOcTH xKpa- 
MOABHHEH, DOJAeMaMlie AMKBHAANI, BS OOABMIMHCTBS YYaCTBOBAAH BB 
PasAHUHALO POAS OCBOOOAHTCABHHIX COWSAXh, KOTOPHe CCIH H CTpe- 
MHIHCh Kb HACIPOROPREHIW, HO CTABHAH OHOG KOHCIHONW IBID, 3 
STO IpexycMOTpBHO 126 cT.; BHICTYN8AH OHH ele H& MHTHHTAXs; [o0- 
BOPHAH PIB; UPBUOMHHAA UpOMA0e, MOKHO ON YcTAHOBETS UPHSHAgR 
IIpecTyiAeHif, UpexycMOTPbHAHXS 128 oH 129 crarbama. Jbx0 mHD 
AJHIIb Bb TOMS, ITO BCS OTH UpecryNxeHia, HawHad cb 103 crates, 
TOKPHTH OETAOPLCKOW aMHacTieH 1905 r. LUpecrymizenifi xe, mpeg- 
YCMOTPBHHHXS cTaTbaMu 100 w 102, amanctia He KOCHYAach. OTH wpH- 
wmueckie OTTBHRE Bb DOHSTIAXS O cMYTB H GyHTB XO OCxB_HATO 
BPeMCHH AOBOAbHO CTPOTO passnwarHcb. UW AMMIb OTHOCHTCIBHO COMMAFE- 
JeMOKpAaTOBD BTOpoH yun 65140 UPHSHAaHO, ITO XOTA OHH CTABHAH «<Ha- 
CHIBCTBCHHOG HACOpPOBepxKeHie» KOHCIHOW BAW, & HE HEMOCPeACTBEH- 
HOW, TMB He MeHSe KD HHMS UPHMBHAMH HMeHHO 100 a 102 crariE 
' (0 OynTb), a He 126 (0 cmyTB). Ilo kaccanionHuwh xaxro6amn 9 
OCYAICHHHXE 06% oTOH KBAAADHEALIA UPHIMAOCh UPHHQHMIasbHO BH- 
ckasaTbca oOmemMy coOpaHi kaccalionHaro AenapramenTa. OGeps- 
Iporypopt Pefinke craab Ha JOBOALHO OPHIHHAIBHYH TUIEY spas. 
Ilo ero MHBHIW, «NOCaTaTeIbCTBa, IpexyCMOTP SHAH 126 cr., awbwTh 
CBOHMS OGBORTOME HCKAMWUATEABHO TAkiA UPOABIeHiA OOMecTBeHHArOD 
CTpO#, RAK pexHria, cemelinntt coms wu codcTBeHHOCTB». Ha ocHo- 
BaHi STOTO BSAKINYCHIA CeHATh MPHSHAYh KAaccali0OHHHaA Xax0OHI He 
SAClYRHBANMAMH YBaeHia» **). ITO COBEPIIGHHO HOBOC TOAKOBAHIe, Ta- 
KEM O6pasomh, CTHPACTS opMAIbHbLA Ipenarcrsis. 1 Tash kak COWSH 
1905 r. cTpeMHABCh Eb HACHPOBEPRCHIW UMCHHO MOAHTHYECKATO CTPOR, 2 
HO pedHTiH HAH CEMbH, TO AOPOra kb UPHBACVEHIW HX DO HENOKPHTHMS 


*) Cu. xponnxy «Pyccx. Bor.», aHB. 1908, erp. 130. 
**) <Pbub», 29 sHBapa 1908. 





XPOHHEA BHYTPEHHEH XuSHH. 118 


@MHHCTIOW CTATbAMb JOCTATOWHO WHPOKO OTEPHTa. Ilycrs pasHHA 0- 
6yanenia y r. WOsehosaya a AbHCTBATeABHATO CTaTCKaro COBBTHHEA 
Pefinxe. HM ons, HecomHbHHO, pasHiia. Ilycth Mex,y HBMH HBT HH- 
Kako# cBa8H, EpOM'B TOTO, 4TO 06a HMBHOTS BIO Ch ONHHMD H ThMD 
we OOLCETOMS, NOMACKAMAME HakasaHiw. Ilyctbh nepexs HaMH TOIbEO 
BAbMnie UpHsHakH. HO, kKakd BHAMTC, BL OOme cymM'b oTH BHBIIHIC 
IpPH8HakH COB{aWTS BHYTpeHHee eAHHCTSO H OanmalimiaxD IfbseH, z 
OuepexAHX, cpexcTss. HW opucmaTpHBasch Kb TOMY YBRXAeTeHIN, Cb 
KaKHMD AWK, BBEPXY CTOADC, 8ABATH OTHUMH ISAM H CpeACTBaMA, 
TOJDKO HMH 2H HAYSMD OOAbIC, A HEBOABHO UPHNOMHHAW OBES Xa- 
pakTepHo mTpax, CreccesiagH. 

Bo spema cyxeOnaro cabactsia moTpebopaa0ch OObACHHTD, HOWeMY 
coOcrBeHHO r. Crecceab CieXb JOITOMS UpecrbaoBaTb raseTHaro KOp- 
pecnonjesta r. Humana, Hukakaxt OOBCETHBHHXS AQHHHXS Jaa pb- 
mieHia oTOH BSaratkH He OHNO. Hakonelh, N0AHAACH CaMb ILOXCYAH- 
MEH H OOBACHEID: 

— «HavalbHana DymenacKO# mKoaH, ryb RHE Hound, I-Ka 
Capeabepa epesasasa MHB, ITO HomHHS BCE YHTAIb YaseTH, Bb 
KOTOPHX® MeHaA OpasaTb. Ona eMY CKa8ala, ITO BCe S8TO HelpaBya. 
A onb, Homnut, ef oTBbTurt, 4TO ecan CMHPHOBL UpHkaeTh, TU 
M Helpapya OyleTh opaBlow». 

Jlaxe Ha cyxb, sepesb TpH roa mocab yoHecenia r-axu CaBedb- 
esol, Doprb-apTypckili reHepazb He MOI TOBOPHT 06% STOM CIIO- 
KoHHO. Jlaxe Teleph OfaHD Bub’. HomAHA BHBOAHIS resepasa Crec- 
e¢eaad “431 papaoBbcig. A torza, Bb Lloprs-Aprypst, r. Homuna «BH- 
CONNIJH H8b EBAPTHPb, Upecabsopasn Awe, KOTOpHe eMY aBacH 
pints; rpyiua opuneposs rposusza emy nsdieniemth». Hakonelrs, ero IpH- 
Ka3aHO ONO ApeCTOKATh, KAKb H8MBHHHEA H Opesareza, coodmanmlaro 
cpbrbaia nenpiatero. Jlaxe Ha cyab r. Crecceab He Chepmalca  BH- 
KPHEHY Ib, TOTYAC HC, BUPOVeM'S, OTBEprHyToe, OOpaneHie NpoTuBET. Ho- 
HHA BD USM SHS. Tam, Bb OCamseCHHOH Kp'bNOcTH, rOHHMOMY KOPpecooH- 
A@HTY 9TO rposns0 pascrpbaoms. A, crpanHoe 7’bs0, ROMeHAanTAa CMH PHOBA 
BTA HECIPABEAAHBOCTh OTHOCHTeAbHO YT. Ho#nHa BSBOIHOBAaIA, DOBUAE- 
MOMY, OoxbUIe, 1bM> YHHITOREHIC OTOpOAOBd, IpareniHos, MeAHRAMCHTOBD 
MH flake sallpeTh ykpburaTb 2 3 andia OOoponH. Bs Kou ontaOpa 
mw Hayarb Hos6pa 1904, BB TO HMCHHO BPeMH, KOTI& OKOHYATCAHO, 
MAIFisHO JAA BCHXL NOPTh-apTypueBd, pbulazach cyib6a «kp BOCTH>, 
BCH «BHYTPeHHAd NoMTHEAa» BD [loprs-Aptyphb Oniza cocpesoTrowena 
H& TOM, IT005, Ch OMHOH CTOPOHH, pashickaTb Tr. Homuna (renepars 
Crecceab), a cb Apyroi—cnpataTs (rexepaxp CuupHost). I’. Cunpsosy 
YA@A0Cb CUpaTaTb «IpecTynuAka»; 00 ero upocb6b r. Hoxana yEpHIIH 
mQ& CYMaXb; OWL IPOCHIb KOHTPb-agMapasa Jlamanckaro BHBesTa Ho- 
muna “u8b Iloprs-Aptypa. [’. Crecceab Tpe6oBarb: «HafiTa H apecTo- 
BaTb>, <He@ 03BOXaTb KUTb HA Cysaxb». ATo6a cnacrH wes0BbEa, 
BHHOBHAr0 TOABKO Bb TOM, ITO 0 HEMS COVA JOATOM MOTOBOPHTS 

r-ma CapexbeBa, IpPHWJ0Ch DOxepTBOBATh MHHOHOCHeMB «PacTopol- 
@Pespaap. Orrbar Il. 8 


114 A. METPHOIEBD. 


HHMD», KOTOPHH jocTaBHED r. Hoaxnna Bb Uady a sxbcp On, ie- 
TonxeHS. Ho r. Creccexb quarO He MOT YycNOKOBTECa. OB AHTHO 
AOUPanidBaxb MOPCKHXD OHDEPOBh, AHYHO AOUPAMIHBAXd KOMCBAaHTS, 
CIeIE CBOeW OOA8AaHHOCTLH «NOHECTH Ha BHCOYaHmee ama, 4TO He- 
HAD BHITYHCHb alMBpasaNH>... Cb Karo crata? Hs5-3sa yero? Hst- 
8a TOFO, ITO «HIRHHD YATRCTE TaseTH, Bb ROTOPHXS MCHA OpanAaTs?» 
Bb MHHYTH, KOrga pbmaetca cyab6a xpbuocra? HW ectb Bb 8TOM> 
XOTS Dpo6seckb cMHCAa? 

A pasBb ecTb XOTb UpoOsecKb CMHICIA Bb HHHBIIHEME CTpeMxe- 
HiH—NOCTaBHTb BOSI'B Kaxtaro FOMA NO CHOBKY H NofMmaTh MHOre- 
XHKYO H HOYJOBAMYH kEpamoay? Bbyb oTO He OyEBAABHOG BOCLIpe- 
HBBeqeHie HOMHHCKOH wcTOpiW, Jaze AO Mezoyell. Bors r. Wsehosuys, 
TOWad Konig r-xe Canexsbenoh, chib Ja H HAaNWCcars: IpoKypops, 
160 HOMKynAeHS, 3H60 Upesatedb, & OMG eCCTb Y Hach KpemleHHl 
espe Iauxteps,—napceifi noprperh nopBais, 106% NockopbH Mmaz- 
Tex, ycrpoaTs. Ilo o6HKHOBeHIN KYMYMeks, Konia r-eH CaBpesbesok 
fame cOsraTb He yM‘bAa UpaBsonoAv6H0,—lauxtreps He espefi, a ka- 
8aKb, AH KaOk CBPeH MOPBasH NOPTpeTb, He YEAOHHACA OT CYS OTb 
HscabsOBaHia eTOTO OOCTOATCABCTBAa,—He TAKOBb OHB Y Hach, M 
HBTS HHEAKOH CBA8H M@XTY PaspHBOMS OpTpeTa H JODHTEKOH ma- 
Tteaxa. HW numetca sTo kyMyMKOH CapexbeBoH Kakb Pash Bb TAakoe 
BpeMA, KOTAa H CTpaha, H BAACTh DepexaBawWTh HeOWBaAO KPHTHIE- 
CKi#, POKOBHA MBHYTH. Ho NOCMOTpHTe, KaKB BCC MHHHCTeEPCTBe 
DOCTHOIH cpasy IpaMAO Bb ABHKeHie—BHBBAaTLD Upokypopa! cefiaacs! 
ckopba! nofimats! nafita! apecropats! mpHBxe4pl.. 

Creccesiaga. ByspasbHoe nosropedie CreccexiagH. 

TlocrapbTe Doprh-aprypckAxS reHeparzOBh Bb BHA ycrOBia. Mycts 
KpbnocTh (Hacrosmiad Kpbnocts, a He Iloprs-AptTypb) ocamjena. 
Ilyctb cHaAwW He paBHH. IlycTb BOsMORHS ADIL «ClaBHad cMepTb». He 
BH TOWHO SHaeTe CBOH CHAK, BHI JeTKO YUHTHBaeTe sHayeHie Tore 
HAH MHOTO Wara, Y Bach eCTh W1aHb WbicTBiff H OCHOBaHHaA Ha 
yieTh peasbHHXh BOSMOMHOCTeH Hayexa OCyMecTBHTA ero. He Haye 
Jake O6AafaTb CuHTBHHHUCCRHMS TeMDepaMeHToM®s ©. Crecceas, xr06s 
UpH TAKHX'b YeAOBBYeCKAXS YCAOBIAXS Cb TOAOBOW yiiTH Bb paboTy, 
THRKYH, HO 8aXBaTNBAaWMy, NOAKYH HHATepeca, OLYXOTBOpeHHyM 
COSHaHieMb OTBBTCTBEHHOCTH H Tepe COBPeMeCHHAKAMH, H Tepegs 
ucTopiei. Ho Bb TOMb-TO H CYTb, 4TO DOPTb-apTypckie TreHepaan Ha- 
XOMMAHCb BOBCE HE Bb YAOBBYCCKUXD YCAOBIAXd. CkOIBEO COARATL? 
I. Crecceas cyutaab ToqaHXxh 8 THCaYB; Tr. CMHPHOBb BCBXS CBhIIMNe 
40, okasaz0cb 0 CYeTY aNoHnesh BCBXD OKOAO 32 THCAYS, TORHWIXS 
cBhie 20. Cxoabko Oymekb rogHyxb? A cHapsjoBh? H Hactpoenie 
COAMaTb COMHHTCAbHO, BOHD KAkJapMH DoAROBHuKA Muxkesagse xO0- 
HOCATS, YTO Bb KakOH-TO poTb HaspbeaeTb HeNMOBUHOBeHie KOMAaH- 
Aupy... WH ®axoTh HuKyIa yHTH He MOMCTh,—HA THXOXOL2Xb OTS 
CKOPOXOAOBB He yHaems. MW npwnaTb mopckoH Oof Heiab3a,—HbTs 
WQHCOB H& IpOpHBS,—AadeTH AoMawTca. Bponenocow rH6HyTb we 





XPOHHKA BHYTPEHHER RH3HH. 115 


CcOOCTBEHHOMS MOPTY OT CYXONYTHHXH HenpiaTeAbcKAxs Oarapell. 
«YMHHEL» TOBOPATS: N080pb, Wo_OGHaro KOTOPOMY Bb ABTONACAXD 
BOHHHI HUKOTAZAa HE Op1BaAO. A MOHETD OITb, H BPYTb OHH, YMHUEH- 
TO. Moxets ONT, Bb XBTOUHCAXS OHO ecTb. HBTS AW HCTOPHYCCKHXS 
KHHTB?—CHpaBaTacsd On... WH kak BCe STO CAYUHAOCh? CaM xe MH 
crpouau [loprb-ApTypb,— BApyre... Ti BOTh TYTb MY4HIIbCH, a 
Te6a Cb rps3bwW cmbmManrs... 

fl mpexctaBasio ce6b coctosnie r. Crecceia cb ero HallycKkHOW 
6paBagol, CKBO3b KOTOPyNO IpOpHBAeTCH CTpaxh OWeBHAHArO KORDA # 
Womsoe HesHadie, 3TO AbaaTb. IlpexcTaBiaw H pasroBOpPh Cb I-kew 
CapexbeBon: 

-— A HomuHt-TO, Balle MpeBOCXOAHTeALCTBO, BCe@ YTaSeTH 4H- 
T@eTD... 

— fla, emy xopowo rasern autars! Tlo6nab Ow BS MOeH UIKypb... 

— VW kagia raseTi, Balle IpesocxosuTexbCcTBO! HeOIAarOHaleRAHA, 
Balle Ip-cTso. Bach Tam Bce OpaHaTh, Balle Mp-CTBO... 

dox0Tad eta Jama r-xa Capesbesal He xyxe alekcbesckaro KoBpa, 
KOTOpHH Nomors r. Creccaedi0 pa3BACUbCA Bb TAKKIA MHBHYTH Rallu- 
Tyasnia. Heyban na TpH, no kpafineh mbpb, ona o6esneynza r-Hy 
Crecceaw Opaspakb kunyyel, Bolas onpesbaeHHol, acho u ame 
Rakb 6yATO naAoJoTsopHOH paboTH. Ilyrka 4TO 41H,—2OBUTS Bpena- 
Teaa H H3MbHAHKA? Co6cTBeHHO, HomBAD AMDIb «HeOAATOHaM bpeHHHA» 
YaseTH 4HTaIb, fa H TO, ecCaH r-xa CaBembeBa Yero-AH60 He Nepeny- 
raza. Ho BL roxopaxt rr. Creccexefi urenie HeOaaronambpenuolt ra- 
BETH, UPeATeALCTBO, H3MbHA,—UOHATIA, OHO OTS Apyroro HeOoTAB- 
auMuSd... [OBOpATS, NYTeWeCTBEHHHKY, HSHEMOTAWMeMY Bb NYCcTHHS, 
TO H ABAO MepeMlaTcA OasHCHI, H OHS OpocaercaA Kb HAME TO TYJAa, 
TO CWAa, H HA STO TPaTHTD NocaAbsHiA CHAI. OTO—ObmMas NcHxXOs0ria 
ape «6eab 11aHa», 6e3b DepcioeKTHBH A Heperb Tparnyeckn 6e3- 
BHIXOJHHIMH potaBopbiismu. MW wbrvTopoe cyacrie sTHxb Aozeh, aTo 
OKO10 HHXD Beersa Hafigetcs cBoa CaBerpesBa: 

— A Mumonost-T0, canmais? Bh AmepHEb 0 TOrpoMaxt... Bcro 
EAED CCTh UWOMMOTOTHYD... 

— Kags? sew?! 

~—— Bow... Uctuaauit Bors, sew... 

—- AYa, BOT 4TO... Xopowo, roayOuukKs, MW TeOB WoKaKeMt... 

— A @a#HaAaHIOEI-TO, DunAAAIOH!—jzIa r-mu CaBexrbesoi Pan- 
AAHMIA yRe AaRHO—poOrs SpegoBok uzeu.—Llapceifi TaTyxb yMarnaul.. 

— Kak? ayxua go Tako gepsocra gzomaal Hy, noroqu-m», Mb 
Cb TOOOW NeperoBopum®. 

Ora cyoporn awe, HsHeMOTAIONIUX BL cOOcTBeHHOA nycrors, 
6bIOTh 0O SABOMY ThAY, OOAMBAWTE KpoBblo Bch crpaHy. UM xorga 
r. HKesenoscriaé nan r. Poassako setpbyawTh kKpHkaMa «6paBo» sa- 
aBaenRie, 170 COTAH THCAIS COCIAHHE *), KOFa BHAWINb, Cb KAKEWb 


“1 Om. oTaeTs o sacbaanin Jlymn 8 hespana; pbup c.-q. [loxposcxaro. 
8* 


116 A. DETPHILEBS. 


SOOJOFHICCKEME HAaCkARACHieME XOXOYYTS OHH, ITO BOTS, MOIS, ROOpa- 
AHCh TAKH MBI 40 SHBOTO MBCTA, YRYCHIH TAKE, PACKEPOBAHHIN, — KOTAA, 
TOBOPW, BAHAI 8TO, YHCTO NOSHTHIeECKIA WyBCTBAa NoHesOAS GepyTs 
BepXb Haxb BCBMH Apyramn cooOpameniama. Hymuo cxbisatTs 602b- 
moe ycHaie Hag cO60W, ITOOb OTHECTHCh Kb STHMD AWASM 10 Ye- 
AJOBByecTBY H 10 yYAOBBIeCTBY NORAaTBTE AX. 


A. Netpames>. 


lonutTuka. 
HWopryrassckia yhaa.—Tesxymia coomria. 


I. 


3 deppasa (21 sHB.) Bech wTaWMmih Mipb OWFb BSBOJHOBAHS 
TexerpaMMON, pasOCctaHHOW 8B Jincca6ona A BOSsBbMaBmenD 061 
yMepmpieHin Koposd wopTyraxbckaro. Kapazoca I aw ero crapmaro 
CHa, Hacxbynaro upHEa (1 despara (19 sHB.) Bb DATA YACOBD 10- 
noxyxgu). «<Buepa Bevepomb (raacHia TelerpaMMa OTL 2 esp.) KO- 
posb H e@FO CeMbA BOSBPaMlamuch BB Jlucca6onb usb cBOeH OxXoT- 
HHabeH pesHAeHnin BL Buasasapaco3sa. Bb TOTS MOMCHTS, KOTAa OT- 
KPHITad KOAHCKAa, Bb KOTOPOH ‘bxaaH KOpOAb MW ero cemelicTBO (mena 
H 1Ba CHHa), BEbsKala 48b KommepyeckoH ma0omasH Ha ApceHas- 
HY YIJHUY, [pyola MYKIvHb, BOOPYRCHHNXD MAlaSHBHHMA Kapadu- 
HaMH, CAbAAAH PATS BHICTPSIOBh Bb KOPOAR HW HACKbAHATO UPBHAYA. 
Kopoab Kapsz0ch Nolyqab TPH pauhl, Bb TOM GHCIB OMY Bb Mew, 
DepepBaBolyO COHAYH aptTepi H DPHIAHHBWYND cMepTs. HacrbanHEs 
Opectosa upaans Jya-PvAnnNb DOAyIAAb Toe TPH paBH, Bb Ipyys 
aH ro1oBy. Madaats Manyuip (Msaqmifi cuad kOposa) OWAb paneHs 
Bb pyky, He OnacHo. HKoporepa me Amazin ocTazsach HeBpeAHMa, 
XoTA 0po6oBpaia co60W NpHEPHT cBOero cTapmaro ChIHa. 

ToTqach xe KOpOseBCKad KOAACKA BLBxXala Bb apceHaxb (0 co- 
CBACTBY CL MBCTOMS DOKyMeHia), HO KOpOAb OID YRE MEPTBR, 3 
HaCKBAHARS lipecto1a Owrh yRe Bb aroHin. Thxa wepeHecan HeMEeX- 
xXeHHO BB BpayeOsni kaGuHeTS Np apceHarb, kyAa Npabwan Kopo- 
axeBa-MaTb Mapia Ilia, 6parsh koposa repnorh OnopTo, MHHECTpH i 
npyaBopane. Kopozepa Mapis-Amasia nocab mpoxsoamutTesbHaro oG6mo- 
POk& yAaaHAach BMbCTB cb HHDanTOMS ManyeksoMb BR koposescrill 
ABoperrs (Bb 7 acOBb Beyepa). Bb JeBATh 4aCOBh ThIAa KOPOAA # 
HaCIBAHarO MpBHALA OHA NepepesenH Bb ABYXb 3AaKPHTHX 3aHJ0 





NOAHTHEA. 117 


BO AbOpelit Hececavsagh, KOHBOMPYAMHA OTPAJOME KOHHOH MYHHDE- 
WaibHOH cTpaxH. 

Tloznnis yOura Ha wbcrb npecrynzenia Tpexb Ash NCAA cTpb- 
ASBOHXb Bb KOPOAeBCKIA okKuNAKS UH HX ThAA OHAM ROCTABICHH Bb 
Hombmeniag rucca6oHckaro MYHADanadATeTa. Oplanapenb upu oco6b 
Koporza, Ppancuckb Pursepa, KOTOPHH cCompoBoxsAarx, WBIIEOMD KOpo- 
HEBCEYH) KOAACKY, SACTPBAHAb OAHOTO UBB NapeySilint, Apyro# Onas 
yOuTS nosnneickuMu y 8kaniaf MyHuOADaAduTera. Wx aAMUHOCTA He 
ycranopiena. Tosopath, 410 OWES H8b HX UCHanent Kopgoba. 
Ilo cxyxaws, ele OHH COYIACTHHKS Upectyoxenia OnAb apecto- 
BaHb, HO KOHYHIb XHBHL CaMoyOilicrBomb. IlpecrynHHsu cKDHBaAH 
CBOH kapaowHH TOA> NtamamH. Hapadaun umban KaluOpp 44 (mus- 
AHMCTP@) H MATasHHbI 1385 MATH WaTpOHOBS. 

Musuctpsl coOpaiuch Ha cOBBrS. MHCTOUHCACHHLIA BOCHHHA MPH 
IPeAOCTOPORMHOCTA HEMOAACHHO MpHHATH. AOcOIWTHOe MOKYanie 11a- 
PHT BL Jucca6on'b. Wxomays, Ha KOTOPYH BEIXOAATS MOpPCKOH apce- 
Hadb, 84ahie MYHADANAaIMTeTa H Halionaxbab NopryraabcKifi 6aHK, 
8aHaTa BOHCKaMHA>. 

Takb usgaraza coonitia 1 deppasa nepBas TeserpamMa us, J1HC- 
ca6ona. Jpyras, HOMOIHHTeABHAS TexerpamMa coobmagza, ITO KOposeBa 
Mapia-AMazia KOHTYKeHA Bb MiIC4O A YTO MPABHTeCABCTBO YCTAHOBHIO 
OAHTCALHHH Hay30pb He TOABKO 8a pecoyOsnkanwaMa H COMialHCTaMH, 
HO H 88 ACIHTHMHCTAMA, CTOPOHHAKaAMH lUpeTeHycHTa Maryoas, mpes- 
CTaBATead CTapwieH AHHiA KOPOACBCKATO OMA, HA3A0mMeCHHOH 8a CBOH 
aOcOAWTHCTCEIA H KACPHRAIbHWA TeHAeHHin. IperesxeHTb HEH CO- 
CTOHTS Ounepoms aBctpiftcko# apwiz. 

Kt BHIICYNOMSHYTOMY ALCHTCKOMY COOOmeHIN, 4TO «a6COANTHOe 
moivanie LapHtTs BB Jaccabonb» KcTaTa 6yzeTS 1pu6aBATh usb YacTHoH 
TeAcrpaMMbl Hapuxckok «Temps», aro HeMeAAeHHO MOCIb KaTacTpodHl 
BCH MarasBHbl WH ABE OAH BallepTH, BCB Kade H pPeCTOpaHH Oly- 
CTBIH A T03aKPHBaAHCh, TPaMBaw XOfHaH Oesb efnHaro macca- 
mapa. Ilanaka oxBaTHza BCe HacexeHia cTOrHON. OHO omn1ax0 
YRacOBb, MOTOMY Y%TO XOpOMO SHaIO CBOeETO NpeMbePb-MRHACTPA 
IoanHo PpaHko, o6AegeHHarO NOKOHAHIME KOPOACMS BAACTDW AHETA- 
Topa aa oOysxania BCBXS ONMOSHIIOHHHXb OSJCMCHTOBb OTE ym'b- 
PeOHHBHMHXL pexenepazoposh (OOHOBAeCHHeBL) yepesb MporpeccH- 
CTOBB JO pecityOsHkanoesh H CONiaIHCTOBb BEAWUBTeAbHO. Henpo- 
ROARHTOAbHAA AWETATYpAa PpaHKO O8HAMeHOBAAACh UpiOCTAHOBKONW 
abictaia KOHCTATYHin, OTMBHOW BCBXB cBOGOMh, salpeMeHiemt BCBXD 
ONNOBHMOHHHX FaseTh, 8akpHITieMh YHHBEPCHTeTA, POCHYCKOM BCBXB 
BHIOOPHHXD UPOBHHUiadbHHXb (SOMCKAXS) H MYHAUHOAAbHHXD opra- 
HOBD CaMOVUPaBACHis, 38M'BHOK HX YAHOBHHKAMH H MACCOBHIMH ape- 
CTaMH Upodeccoposh, DucaTexe# uw BOOOMO NpercTaBHTeszeh onnosHniu 
H axe MPOCTO HHTOAACKTYAXbHHXS CéA0eBD... Baoan NOHATHH DOCrB 
STOTO H aOcOxNWTHOe MOAYAHie, BOMapHBMeeca BB JuCCa6oHS, H ODY- 
crbsmia xodelin#, a DYCTHe TpaMBbaH, H salleprHe ABepH H BOpOTa. 


118 Cc. DRAKE OB Bb. 


MoxHo ONAO ORHAaTE HeOnMCyemaro yxaca. Co6nTie 1 despassz 
aBasO Kb TOMY MHOTO 10B020B%. Ha nepBoMb He MABHCTeEPCKOMT 
COBBTb, co6paHHOM> HeMe,ZeHHO Nocab KOHUBHH. EKOposs Hapaoca, 
cMBini DpaHkO 8asBHIb, ITO OHS ClIpPAaBHTCA Cb peBorwMiell, HO 
Aig eTOrO emy Hayob6Ho ors 200 yo 300 rozoBb. BoxbusHHCTBO 48X'b 
yHe Bb KaseMaTAXb, ANA ApPeCTAa APYrHXb yXe IPHHATH MB MBH. 
Ha 9TOTb COBBTS UpHOmAb, OHAKO, TeHnOrs Abposcs Onopto, 
6paTs yOutTaro kopoas. OA He Of0OpHAD HaMbpeniff mpembepa, yupe- 
kab CTO Bb TOMS, ITO CBOCM NOARTHKOW Wory6axb Kopoas Kapszoca 
H Bb BAY Copa yKe MOMBAIDS PYKY, ITOOL! AATb MOMeIWHY ARKTA- 
TOPY, HO OWN YACpKAHD APYTHMH MHHHCTPAMA. 

He cuntas cpoefi naprix nmpoxrpannol, @PpaHRO OTUpaBHACA BO 
ABopelyt, HO sx'bcb KoposeBa Amagia ero BCTPBTuAa BOSTAACOM, YKA- 
ShiBad Ha Thsa ROposa H HacabagaKa: «Lloaw6yiitech AbAOME’ PYKD 
BalluXx'’b, HOTOMY 4TO He KTO HHOH, Kak BH, HacToamit yOifiga Mmoero 
MyX@ M MOerO cHIHa!» A MIpHKasaza yxaantTsca. Kopoib UpHHAYS OT- 
CTaBKY AHETATOpa H ero MHHHCTepcTBa. Takb aaa oTa AHETATYpa, 
OpHneciiad MHOTO HCOHTanifi OxaropoqHOMy NOPlyTaabCKOMy Hapoxy 
KH HDpHBeilag, 00 MHBHIN Cynpyra Hu Opatra noKOfHaro KOposs, Eb 
noTpacawmeH gatactpodb 1 despaira (19 aHB.). 

Orctapka ka6nneta loanno PpakkEo 6bIxa pbmMenHa yTpoMt 2 esp. 
(20 aHB.), 2 HakaHyHS (Berepoms 1 esp.) 6nxb BHIOYWeHE nepaHit 
maHHecTs koporag Manyuxza II, nuokasnBawmifi, yTo CHawaza OD 
He AYM@Ib pascTaBaTbCA Cb pocsaBNBINHMCA AHKTATOpoMs. Mane- 
(peCcTh SaHBASeCTh O HambpeHin kOporis cOOAWMAaTb KOHCTATYID A O 
COXpaHeHia NpeXHATO MHHHCTEPCTBAa, KOTOPOe Bb NOABOMD COCTABS # 
CEPBOHIO MAaHH@ecTS. Sa HOU DPOHSOMIIH Kakis-TO KPYOHHA Mepe- 
MBHH Bb HACTpoeHif ABOpPa H, BONPeRA CAOBAMb MaHHdeCcTa, MHHR- 
cTepcTsO OWZO TOTYACh Ke OTCTABAGHO OTb BAacTH. Manyuxs JI 
BMBCIB Ch TBM BCTYNHAD HA NYT ABOePAIbHHXE pedopms, ob6pa- 
30BaBb MHHHCTEPCTBO H8EL UpeaAcTaBuTerxeH pemenepagxOpoBh A Hpo- 
IpeCCHCTOBD, T. €. Hb BCBXE O9ACMCHTOBL JHHACTHIECKOH ONNOSHTIH. 

Uro6n scwbe mpescTaBHaTbh H AYUMMe MOHATL 8TH EPYOHHA COOLITIN, 
HEOOXOAHMO BOSBPATHTLCA Eb HOAABHEMY UPOMAOMyY eTOH BbIGOKO 
BSHCKaHHOH IIpBPOAOW cTpPasbl H AapOBATaro, puyapcrn Orzaropoauarc 
HacexeHis. Ha Goratad upHpoza, HH AOCTOHHCTBA DOPTyTaxbCKaro Ha- 
poxa He nomMbmaan [lopryraszin npebiipaTh Bb HAMeTB, Bb HeBBKe- 
CTBB H BB yrueTenid. Tomy O60 MHOTO HCTOPHYCCKAXS UPHUBED. 

- Q raaBHbimaxt BEpaTob H MOTOBOpHMS Teleps. 


NoxHTH EA. 119 


II. ° 


CaMad Wro-8alayhad wacTb EBpoun, Cb JBYXb CTOPOHS OMbIBaG- 
Mah TCUINMDS OkeaHOMS, [loptyraxia UpescTaBAseTb YTOpHYW cTpagxy, 
paspbsakHyM Ha YeTHPe YACTH AOAHHAMH TPext OosbMAxs pbs, 
CTCRAWMAXE Cb BLICOKHXD DAaTO Kactayin, IpopwBaWMExXs Mepszio- 
HaJbHHH OkpaHHHH xpeOeTb oTHXD DAATO H, OpocHBD, [loptyraszin, 
Buaxawmuxb Bb ATAanTayeckii Oxeant. ITO Jyepo, Taxo a Ia- 
giana. Ilaponia # DAO,OpOAHNA JAOIMAHH, UPOMHITHA H Opomaembla 
STHMH MOFYIHMH pPbEaMH, OKAHMICHH cb OOBHXE cTOPOHS # OTLbICHH 
APYTS OTS APyra BHICOKHMH TOPHHIMH XpeOTaMA, OTPOraMH HCNAHCKHXS 
FOPHHXS CHCTeMb. XpeOTH NPOXOAATS WapakACAbHO pBEAMD, HO CBO- 
EMH _OTOPHCKaMH HaNOAHAWTD BCH NpOCTpancTBa MeHIY NOAH- 
Hamu. Cama BHicokii— cami cbaepaut (chnepae Jlyapo), xa HBEO- 
TOPHXE BePIUHHAXb HeCeTh CHES OosAbMyw wactTb rbTa. Bch uMbwrs 
HaBepxy pekpacHne axblifickie 1yra, HAxe MIApPOKyW OAOCy BH- 
COKOCTBOABHHXS IBCOBb BBYHO SCICHHIXS WAHO-CBPONCHCEHXD WBC- 
HHXE Nopolb. Huxe—kyabTypHad ox0ca, H800HAbHO u“Spb3aHnad 
pbakaMH 4H PYIbAMH, NOCHIAeCMHMH YTOPHHMH ABCAMH H XOJOJHHIMH 
BEpWHHaMH. gia BePWIAHAXb CKOTOBOACTBO, BL ABCAXS—APOBOCHEH, 
CMOAOKYPH HT. J., Bb JOAHHAXD YTAaBHHH KOHTHHTCHTS HacedeHis, 
HO UPeHMYMecTBY sSeMAeNbABYeCKATO, 10 MOpPCKOMy nobepexpn—o6- 
MmupHoe pHOOXOBCTBO, CcyqOxoscTBO u cyxocTpoeHie. Topoxons He- 
MHOTO H OOAbMeW WCTbW HesHAIHTeAbHHIXd. OO6pabaTnHBawmlaa mpo- 
MHINACHHOCTh MaiO pasBaTa. TopHoe bao Tome, XOTA NOJCSHHXD 
NCKON@CMHIXS BL FOpaxtb He MAIO. 

Bs Dlopryrasziv okoxo 5 Muaa. HacexeHia, 52 ye10BbRa Ha KBAasp. 
BAIOMCTPb. ITO OYCHb HeMHOTO, BABOeG MEHSE, WMD, Hap., Bb Llo- 
xoapckoH ry6epHin, Tome 00 UpenMymecTBy semzerbabieckoH. Xora 
Hloyoabckaa ryOepHiad H DpHHAasAexuTS KB OxarogaTHbimumh yros- 
mamb Poccin, HO Bce #e MHOFO ycryuaeTb Ilopryrasin. YuerBbepuss 
macetenie, [lopryrazia Onza On eme HacexeHa cxa60. HM eta 20 MHI. 
moraH OW OxaTOXeHCTBOBaTb, & Telepb 5 MHI. ObAcTByOTS. flame 
xx56b BBOSHTCH MOPOW H3b-8& IpaHAle. OTvero sta DYyCTHHHOCTS 
CTPaHHl, OTUerO Ta ObAHOCTL, OTUeEFO BTA KOCHOCTL? 

Hésorga, oxox0 2000 axbrs tomy Hasayb, oTa eme AuKan «AbCHAS 
ewpana Oba HaceleHa BOALHOANOHBHMH, CBOOOXHHIMH, CaMOyNpaBis- 
WILSMHCH TOPUaMH, AYsHTanaMH. PaMasHamb 8aybMB-TO noHaZobH- 
Och HX DOKOpaTs. Joiras, yHopHad, MYWHTeALHaA H pasopHTeaB- 
Bag Oopb6a KOHYHIaCh, KOHCYHO, TOPRECTBOMb PHMCKAXS JeTiOHOBD 
HQXb Xpa0phiMH, HO Pa3spOSHeBHEIMH H HOJHCIBIAHHBPOBAHBHMH IYSH- 
TAHCKHMH KiaHaMH. PHMAAHe .HMb DUpHHecan GesoNacHoOcTb H KYXb- 
TYPY, HO OTHS1H DOXHTHICCKYH CaMOABATCABHOCTS, OOMeECTBCHHYW 





120 Cc. WORAKOB SB. 


OpranHsaliw, BCB HABHEH, HeOOXOMHMHIG AFA CAMOCTOATCXBHOCTH & 
caMOOOOpoHH!. HBcKOABKO BBEOB PHMCKATO BIATWICCTBA COBEPIIEHHe 
HSTAaAHAH OTH HABLIKK. JIyYSHTaHOW NIPHHAA AATHACKi ASHES H 4a- 
THACKEY) peAHTiW (KATOAMYCCEYD), HO STOTO OHO MAO, KOrJa, ocr 
yNagka puMCKaro MOTyMecTBa, BapBapH XIHByAH A Ha llepHHeficaili 
woxyocTposb. CHayara oTO OAH CBeBH H BaHAasH, NOTOMB BeCT- 
rOTH, NOTOME MABPH. KyAbTYpHHe CAOH OAH YHRITOReHH (KpOMS 
AYXOBCHCTBa) CMe BaHalaMa, CbeBaMH Hw ToTaMH. [locrbyHie BBeIE 
eoxaabHyO CHcTeMy, OOpaTHAH SeMIJeERbALGeECKOe HacexeHie Bb EpS- 
NOCTHHXS, pasopHsAH YToposa, HO He YCTOAAH POTHBS MaroMeTaH- 
CKaro Hamectsig, H cTpana, KAD H CocbAHaa Vcnanis, noxnasza nox 
HOBOe HTO. Pexnris Teneph COoeHHAIa POMAHCKHXS pabOBb H BeCT- 
rOTCKHXS ABOPAHD H NPOTHBYNOCTABASia HXb MYCYADMA@HCKHMS Ba- 
cTexHHaMb. BbEaMH Wa 9Ta HepaBHag Oopb6a, Bce ThcAbe cnsaqH- 
Bad XYXOBCHCTBO, ABOPAHCTBO H Hapoyb BB OOmeH HeHAaBHCTH Kb 
YTHETATOIAMS, BE OOMeH BBPB BL KaTOAHYCCKIA CBAVHIHH H KATOXIN- 
WeCKHXh HeOCCHHXb B8aCTYNHHEOBS, BE OOme UpexaHHOCTH HXB 
SCMHHMS OMasaHHukaMb. Korga L[lopryraxis ocpoOoxuzach, Bbra 
ura, Oops6n # ynosanift cxbsaan cpoe wha0. Mro waosemmens cMb- 
HHIOCh AYXOBHHMD HIOMB KAaTOIHIeECKOH iepapxiv, HeOrpakHieHHHws 
AOCOAWTH3MOMB KOPOACBCKOH BIAacTH Hah BChMH, JBOPAHCEAMS Toc- 
NOACTBOMD HAl'b HHSITHMH KAaCcaMe. 

To me camoe Iponsomxz0 w BB cocbaneft Ucnanin.-T'o me canoe 
HCTOPif 8aHCada Ha CBOM aHHadhl H Bb JaxekoH Poccin. HM Tams, 
N10Xb HHHMH HeOecawH HHAad paca DepexvAa HO H BHMNSa HSb-HOX 
HeETO NOX AYXOBHYW BAACTh HEBBRECTBEHHALO AYXOBeHCTBAa H 26C0- 
IOTHHA tponsBoxrb Joansost... A Lopryraxia tak xe, kakb VMcna- 
Hid Hw Poccis, 10 cHxb HOpd He OCBOOOAMAACh OT YOPeCTHHIXS M0- 
crbactsift sro cpequeBbeoBo# 9Bomwnin. 

Ks XV—XVI Bs. chHOmHACH STOTS THOS DopTyrasbceok Hania. Bpe- 
MeHHOe rocnogacTrBo Ucnanin Tare kakD A peopMaTopcEkig NOMETEH Ilom- 
6azz Bt XVIII Bb. ne HBwbHHAN ero, H TOADEO NOTpsceHia peBoswMioH- 
HHXb H HalOXCOHOBCKHXS BOKHD YAyOOKO BSBOAHOBAIH HapoxHyM 
maccy. DpaHyshl YHHITORHAR EKPBUOCTHOC UpPaBo H BCARIA (eOAasb- 
HBA OpaBasxerid. Own BeexH BCaYeCKiA CBOOOAH, HO xvsaHHH Iam 
BB lloptyrasig, kak BB 3aBoeBaHHow cTpanb. [lopryraxsuW BoscTa 
H Cb NOMOMbW BHICATHBMIBXCA AHrAHaHS (apMia BexAgHTTOHa) TPHAAW 
OCBOOORAAAHCh OTS (pakys0Bt, HECMOTPA Ha TO, ITO pasnysamn | 
KOMAHAOBAIH Takie BHAaMMiecdA NOAKOBOAUH, RAK MApPDIaIn CyIbTS # 
Maccena. Ct najeniemb Ha&M0xCOHORCKOH BMIepiH KOHUBZACh H 98Ta 
Gopp6a, HO NOpTyraabyH CROPO YBHASAF, ITO OHH TOABKO DepeM BARA F0- 
cOxb. AHTABYAHe YEPBIHABCh BS CTPaH'S H CTAaIH PACHOPARaTLca, KAD 
On y ce6a yous. Dopryraabuh CHOBa BOSCTaIA, BHSBasH GbmaBIIyO OTE 
PpaHyys0st Bb Bpasaxi KOpOAeBCKYW AHHACTIO Ae-bparana, 4H UpH A 
IAOMATHYeCKOH NOLepRES BOAHRAXD JOpKaBb ushaBHAHCh OTS anraifl- 
cko# okKkynaniu. Ora MHoroxbrasa Gopb6ach HHOSeMIaMA CHOBS H CHOBS 








NOoxsHTHEaA. 121 


CH@aHBala Bb COABAAPHOCTH NOPTyTaabckifi HapON 4 Cb KOPOACBCERMS 
XOMOMD, H Cb TYSCMHHIMH YIHCTATCAAMH, PeCOlAAAMH WH KATOIRYCCKHMD 
AYXOBCHCTBOMS. 

OTO HOBO eAHHeHie yrHeTAeCMHXS A yrHeTaTexeH Ha DO1Bb Na- 
TpioTHueckoH H peanriosHOf OGopoHH OTS HHOZeMNeEBS He MOTO He 
YCHIHBAaTh NOsHmid yrHeTaTexel, He MOrXO He CAYRHTS pecTaBpanin 
GesckaBHaro cTpos, npuBexmaro Llopryrasin Kb HuMeTS, HOBBEECTBY, 
BEbmHeMy GescHrin. OnHakO, MOAHaa pecTaBpania oKasarach ye He- 
BOSMORHOW. Hexbsa ObA0 BOSCTAHOBATE EPbuocTHOe mpaBo. Hesos- 
MORHO OHO H BHTPaBHTb H3b YMOBb HaceleHiaf HOBHXS upelt, sa- 
HOCOHHEIXE Ooxbe KYALTYPHHMH, Coxbe mpocBboeHHHMH Hu Gombe cBo- 
OOJHHIMH HHOSeMIaMH, (panlysaMH H aHrAwyanHaMH. Yme He OLHED 
Tlom6axb, KakB noAcTOxbTie Hasayb, cOBHABAAS HEOOXONAMOCTL pe- 
@OpMb, & NOMBHAOCh AOBOAbHO CHABHOC, MOAMTHYeCKOe TeueHie, N0- 
CTABHBMee CBOeH 3aqazeW mpeo6pasoBanie rocylapcrBeHHaro cTpoa 
H& HawataXxb DOARTHYeCKOH CBOOOTH H HapOmHaro NpescTaBuTeabcrBa. 
Kopoas Ilexpo couyscrsopaib sTOMy ABHKeHIN, HO UpeqnownTaryy 
OHTb uMMepaTopom® Bpasuaiu, a He Kopozems Dlopryrasia (Bpasuazia 
IIpPH8Hala HOCOBMBCTHMOCTh STHX ABYXB KOpOHS). Iegzpo mpowosrza- 
CHES KOPOAeBOH CBO MAAOXBTHWW 10%, TOMOIBHAD €€ Cb IpesctaBy- 
TexAeME BTOPOK AHHin, UPHHeMb Muryoxemh, HasHAIHID CTO pereHTOM'h, 
OKTPOHPOBaAb KOHCTUTYHIW (1826 1.) Hw oTpekca OTS UpecTosa, ybxaBE 
WapcTBOBaTh BE Bpasaiip. 

Koucrutynia 1826 r., mpocymjecTBopaBiad cb TepepHBaMH H He- 
SHAYHTCIBHHMH WOAUpaBRaMH tO UpaBieHia Kapazoca I, sakanuasa 
BE ceOb OONYHHA TapanTid ARYHHXS cBo6ols H Orpanwyenie Kopores- 
CKOH BAaCTH HapAaMeHTOM, COCTOAMHMD HSS ABYXD NalaTs. HaRnAG 
alata HB80upaeTCH HaceseHiOML pH AOBOAbHO BHICOKOM HMYIIeC- 
CTBCHHOMD WeHsb, HO JAA JH, OOLALAWMAXE ONpPeABICHHHMD OOpa- 
SOBATCAHHIMS WCH80Mb, H Ald O*PHNEPOBh apMin w HxoTa, cAbraHO 
HCKANMYCHIC, H OHH BEIWGHHI Bb COCTaBd uBOupaTenelt Gesb BCAKArO 
HMYIICCTBOHHAO WeH3a. BepxXHsd WalaTa cOcTOHTS: 1) 43% AMIS, 8a- 
chyanmuxb 10 Upapy (0pHHIW kOpoaeBCKarO JOMa H elLHCKONB) 
2) 10 HasHayeHi KOpoxd DomusHeHHO (100 yxeHOBD), 4 3) 4ACHOBD 
0 BHOoOpy (50) oTb YHHBePCHTeTOBh, YICHHIX H TOPIOBHXh kOpNO- 
pani a mp. 

Tlepauif nepepHBt KOHCTHTyHIOHHOH XHSHH CAb1axb pereHTh, KOTO- 
pil, Olepasch Ha CHALHYW KACPHKAIBHO-PeolasbAyi0 WapTiW, HASIOREA 
MAXOXBTHWM KOPOACBY, MPOBOSTAACHAD Cce6A KOPOACM'S, YUPAsMHEAS KOH- 
CTHTYUID H BOSCTAHOBEED HeOrpabwIeHHyW MOHApPXiW. CTOPOHHHEA HO- 
Baro CTPOA CIPYNUBPOBAAACh BOKPYTS KOPOACBH H BOOPYKEHHOW PYKOW 
OTPAAlA Halla leHid 8axBaTHBIAX BIACTS AOCOAWTACTOBS. [expo nocrs- 
IHX} UPHOHTS 28 Bpasutin A CBOCH NONYAAPHOCTLW NOARepHaIE BAO 
cBoeH OUepH H PexeHepaxOpoBS (Kakh HasBadd CeOs-e9 CTOPOHHHES). 
Ont no06banx 5 Muryora 4 BOSCTAHOBHAD Ha MpecTorb OW, & Cb 
me) H KOHCTHTyHiW 1826 rogza. YcHOKOHBD CTpany H 10 BOSMOHHOCTH 





122 C OHAKOB SS. 


yIpownB HoBiili nopayorp, expo o6bapuas ce6a perexToMb 40 CO- 
BepIeCHHOABTIA AOUPH H CHOKOHHO MpaBHEb AO CMepTA Bb 1834 rogy. 
Kaepakadbl H AOCOAWTHCTH He OTKASAAHCh, OMHAKO, OTL CBOHXS 88- 
MHICIOBb H HE pasb NOTOMb UpepHBaiA A KOAeCOaAH KOHCTHTYNIOHHYD 
MESH CTPAHH, CTPCMACh CBEPrHYTh HCHCKYN IHHIN H B3aMBHHETS €0 
MYKCKOW (ITO 10 sakOHaM? ObIA0 HW UpaBAAbHbe), CHayaza MuryoseM, 
nNOTOMb efO HacibynunaMu. Pexenepagoph Oopornch ch peakiio- 
HepaMH H OTCTAHBadH xapTiW 1826 roga, #0 oYeHb caa6o compoTH- 
BAAAUCh JCCHOTHYCCKHMB CKAOHHOCTAME H'BROTOPHXS KOposeit u He- 
BOALHO YCTyHaaH MOFyMeCcTBY AYXOBeHCTBa. OTO IpHBeAO Eb OOpaso- 
BaHi HOBHXB Maptifi: mpozpeccucmoss, KOTOPH® MeAAIH TOWA;ro 
coOxmjeHia KOHCTHTYIViN, HOBHXb AnGepalbHNXb pepopMb aA 06- 
xergeHia COCTOaHIiA SeMACA’BABYeECKArO HacexeHia, Hu pecnydauxan- 
yess, KOTOPHe OTYASABCh BS KOHCTHTYMIOHHOH A0MAbHOCTH AMHACTIB 
M CTPeMHZHCh Kb 8aMbab MOHAPXHYeCKAarO CTpOR pecnyOAHRABCKHM?S. 
TB u Apyrie CKOpO WOABHIHCh BB DapAaMeHTs, a UpOrpeccHcTH sce 
pocaH BB wAcaB. 

TakoBo 6nIa0 BHYTpeHHee HOAOMeHie [lopryraziu, Korga BB 1889 
roxy Kopoms HKapszoca I BcTynuxb Ha pecTork: copaBa BAICHTee 
AYXOBCHCTBO H BEICHIAad ApHCTORPaTix, ACTHTHMHCTH, CTOPOHHHEA J8- 
Hin Muryosa; Bb DOHTph—NpaBATeALCTBeHHAd LapTia pexeHepaxOpost, 
yKe BKAOBUad Bb CeO CHABHHE AYXOBHHE H PeOMAABHHIC SICMCHTH, 
TOME EK1ePHRAAbHO-aOcOAWTUCTCKie, HO NpHsHawMie TapcTByNWMyw Is- 
Hin; cxbBa—ABHACTHICCKAA ONNOSHTia, OporpeccHcTH, OYeHL N0- 
HYASPHHIG Bb OOMECTBB CTOPOHHHEH OAMATO OCYMeCTBACHIH Map- 
AAMCHTCKALO PORAMA H APYTHXS NPOTPeccHBHHXD pePopMt; H ONO- 
SHIA AHTHIBHACTHUCCKad, PeCNYOAUEAHON, CTAHOBHBMeca BCe Oorbe 
HOUYASPHLMA Bb HAapOLWHXb MACCAaXb, AHWCHHHXE AsOKpaTess- 
Haro DpaB. 


III. 


Bs 1889 roxy mozomenie 7rd OHNO OFCHE sanyTraHHoe. Buayrpz 
cMyTa, 2 BO BHBINHHXD OTHOMeCHIAXS OCTPHH REHPARETS Cb AHTAieft HED 
8a paslpaHAyedia adpHkanckaxs Biarbuif. Ks Tomy me noxomenie 
Q@HHAHCOBD OHA0 OTYARHHOe. AHTAiH NPHUIAOCh YCTYNATb 10 BCbMD 
NYHETAMb, & PHHAHCH 8arbiHTb, OObABUBE TocyxapcTBO G6aHKpOTOM’. 
HeyA0BOABCTBIO BB CTpak’b pocso, H DOCK HWBCKOABEEXS CWBHHBIIMXS 
@AHO Apyroe MHHACTepcTBS, BB 1893 roy KOpOX’ BPYIHXS BAACTS 
xaOuHety [anne-Pobeipo, IpHualiexaBmeMy Kb UpaBHWb pexeHepa- 
yopams. UTOOH yCOUOKOHTS CTpaHy, 8TO MHHHCTepcTBO upHObrio Eb 
pempecciams, a2 BB 1895 roxy UpOCTHM JeKPeCTOME kKOpoAa pedop- 
MHPOB&aA0 KOHCTHTYHIN. Bb BepxHef naxzarb yopas_HHi0 BHOOPHEIXS 
YICHOB, & HaSHBIaeCMHXb KOPOACME ymMeHBmBAO co 100 xo 90, FT0 
AalO BOSMOMHOCTS OCTAaBHTS 3a WITAaTOMS 10 OesnoKOMHEIXh epost. 
Qucxzo0 weHosD HumHeH NataTH 6WAO0 yMeHbUIeHO co 180 xo 120, a 








NoduTHEA. 123 


INH@ Cb OOpasOBaTeIbHEIM DCHSOMb H BOCHHHE (KpoMb reHepaloB) 
GnIH AHWCHH us6apaTeIbHHXh UpaBb. IlpaputerpcTBo Has’baloch 
STAM WYTCM WOAYIHTH MOCAyWMHHH NapsxaMeHTs. Bepxusa masata 
CTaia WSHCTBUTCIBHO IpOCTO AeNapTAaMeHTOM’ BCAKATO MHAHCTeEpCTBa. 
Mi st Hume nazarb OorsuinncTBO On110 OGesneyeHO 3a MBHUCTep- 
exoH nlaprieH, HO oNnO3HMia ObIIa BCe-TaRH CHABHAa H eas FOI0Ch 
BOAHOBa1b OOmMecTBO H Haposs. IpasutTexbcrBo cTapanoch o6ysqaTb 
Newath H MHTHHIA, UIPHHAMadO PelpeccHBHHA MBpH MpOTHBS Nypo- 
BEHIN@IbHHXS H MYHADMNAIbEHXS BHOOPHHXS yupexseniil, HO Hero 
we oMoraio. [Buxenie pocio. Bb oOmectsb ycuanBadach mporpec- 
cucTH. BB HapowHWXb Maccaxb pasIuBalach peciyOaukaHCKad Ipo- 
HaraHia. CoprakH30Balach H HeM@lO3HaTHTelbHad comiadHcTHueckad 
naptia. Munuctepcrsa MBHaIuCh, &2 DoxomeHie Ahh CTAaHOBHAOCh 
ace clomube A Tpyssbe. Yaepmarsca cb yMbpeHHO MpaBLIMH pexe- 
HepasopaMu Ow10 HeBOsMomHO. Hago 61110 norbBbTb, YTOOH Ocaa6uTS 
pecnyOiJHRaHCKylO pomaranAy Bb Hapoxb u BO3sbyXHTh ZOBbpie Bb 
o6mectsb. - 

Kopoms Kapaoct I Mago nurepecoBatca nozatTako#. Onb OnIzb 
ADOHTCA-AKBAPCAMCTS, KOIIeEKMIOnEpd, TOHKIN MbBHATeAL HCKYCCTBA H 
woosid. OB INOHIS MYTeMeCcTBOBATh WH OXOTHO OpeAOcTAaBIANb MH- 
HHCTepCTBaM® CBOOOAY AbicTBili. KoHeqHo, OHS He Relaryb yMatenvin 
cBoeH BUACcTH H OCIabsAeHIA CBOeTO ABTOPHTeTa, HO KAKb TOTO AOCTHYS, 
HPCAUOUHTAI He PasMEIMIIATh H BO8Aaral’b HA MHHHCTEPCTBA, KOTO- 
PHI H CMBHAID 8a HXb HeyjauH. Korga xe Bb 1905 roxy obnapy- 
muicad OyHTb BO Px0Tb, Kapzoch pascTaich cb yMbpesHo-npaBHiMn 
pexeHepasopaMH H Tepesarb BracTh HeOosbmo# rpynub kxpaiinuxn 
EPaBHIXb pexenepazoposs ct loanHo Ppauko BO raaBb. Ota rpyuna 
yme COBEPIIeHHO OTpekAach OTb AHOepaausMa peReHepalopos, ¥ 
cTada OTEPOBCHHO peaknioHHOH. OTS ACTHTHMHCTOBL OHA OTIHYACTCA 
TOALKO ThM'b, ITO HE UpusHBaeTh Ha Opectrorb Maurysas. Mat yme 
BMG CKa3aiH, ITO OHA CAblasa: WpiocTaHOBHAa KOHCTHTYHiW Hw pa- 
9OrHaIa WaplaMeHTh, 8aMbHwAa BCS BRIOOPHHA yIpem*eHiA KOMMHC- 
ciaMH UHHOBHHKOBS, OTMBHAIa BCAKIA CROOGOSH, 8afaBaia medarh, 
SakpHia YHHBOPCATeCTL, HANOMHAAA THOPbMH UpelCTaBHTesaMA ONNO- 
gamin. MH BHAbIH BWIe, ITO AHRTATOPh COOMpatcaA Ha HOBHIG 110- 
XBHTH BE TOM He HallpaBseHiv, HO Koporb Maunyurs II octamopaib 
ere crpeMieHia u Ppawko ckpHica 8a-rpanaly. Bb HacToamee BpeMsA 
BEeMOTYMiH JHETATOPh CKATaAeTCA NO ToposzaMb A wKeIbsALIM' AOpO- 
raat Wcnaniu, Utasin a Ppanniu, mocrosaHo MbHAa wbcTORUTeIb- 
ers0 H NOCTOAHHO BHCIBRABACMHIH raseTHEIMH penopTepaMH, KOTOpHeE 
we AaWTh eMY CKPHITECA BL GesBBCTHOM?D OTCYTcTBIH. PpawkO OOHTCA 
mecTH, HO Telleph Iloptyrazia Takb JAHKyeTb, OTH Hero OcBOGOAEB- 
WHCh, ITO CXBa-1H Bb PasOCTHHXb cepAlaxb BeAWKOAYMHarO Haposa 
SPbWTh YYBCTBA MeCCTH. 

Manyurb, yBOXHBS ABETaTOpa HA CTO KaOHHeTS, COCTABHAB HOBO 
ME RHCTEPCTBO, OAS WpelchaareabcTBoMs Gesnaprifizaro aMBpata, HB 


124 ~ © DWBRAKOB BS. 


paBHaro YHCAa pexeHepagopoB, Hw Uporpeccactoss. II[paswe pexene- 
PafOpH, KOTOPHXS MO CUpaBeAHBOCTH HasHBaWTh peaxwionepamy, 
Bb Ka0KHOTS He BOWAH, & TOABKO ABH, COXpanHBMie UpHBepmeH- 
HOCTA KOHCTHTYHiH H UOXHTHYCCKHML BOXbHOCTAMS. Ilokamwbcrs Ko0- 
pOsB H CFO MHHHCTPH YCObAH UPHHATS cabsyomia Mbp Aaa XbH- 
CTBHT€AbHAarO YCUOKOCHiA A YMBPOTBOPeHIA cTpaHH: ob6mad NOARTWYe- 
CKail aMHHCTiIA (00 ®exanin ManyHia Bb Hee BEANYCHH HH MOPHKE, 
6yHTopapmie Bb 1905 roxy); BoscTaHOBAeHie BHOOPHHX caNoyupas- 
AeHifi H Depejaia IAHOBHHIbEMH KOMHCCiAMH BCSXS UPOBAHMIAIbEHXS 
HM MYHHOMMAADEHXS ABAh OprakaM’b caMOyUpaBsAeHia; OTMBHAa BCBS 
H3{anHHXh MHETATOPOMS OFpaHAyeHifi wm sanpemeHifi n0 Wham. we- 
YaTH, COWSUBh H coOpaHifl (OnNOsAnionHad NewaTb Hayasa CHOBA BH- 
XOAHTB); BOSOOHOBNeHie B3aHATIH BB YHABEPCHTeTS, OTMBHA KOHCTHTY- 
WionHaro mpeodpasopania 1895 roga 4 cosHBS aa6upaTexc AEs 
BHOOpOBS (Bb MapTb) BB WapxamenTb. Hania scrpbrasa sTH MBpH 
Ch BocTOpromb. Axpeca H fellyTamin crekawTca Bb JLHCCa6OHS 
co Bcbxb cTopoHs Ilopryrasiu. Manadectrania Bb 4YeCTh KOposs 
COCTOSHaCh TORE 10 Inny Bee crTpaHn. Jame pecnyOsHKaHUH, 
HocxB MHOTONWAHAO AexeraTCKarO Cbb3Aa, BasBHAH, ITO CCAH HH- 
HBmHee KOPOAeBCKOG NpaBHTeAbCTRO AbHCTBATeCALHO ObeSIICWMTE XK 
YUPOWTS TOAMTHUECKYIO CBOOORY H ACMOKPATHYeECKYH KOHCTHTYHID, 
TO OHH OTKAKYTCH OTS PCBOAWMIOHHHXS METOAOBS OophOhH M OYAYTS 
IpOBOAUTS CBOH Ae@MOKPATHUeCKia HICH MEPHEIMD WyTeM’s. 

Pascrpoesiaa ®pakgid AHHACTHYCCEAXS peakiioHepoBS TOME CO- 
Oupazach Ha coBbolanie H pBIIBIAa BHAKHIATL, HO s8aTO peakionepH 
AHTHIHHACTHYecKie MpOABASHTS OOAbMIYN LhaTeAbHOCTD. Camwh Upe- 
TOHACHTS BHESAIIHO CKPHACH 43 ABCTPiH H HOHBSBBCTHO, TAB Haxo- 
Autca. Ob HMBeTS MHOTO DPHBEPREHLCBS He TOAbKO Bb AYXOBOHCTES 
H @PHCTOEpaTiv, HO A BD apMiv, a JuHacTayeckie peakniOHepH apMix 
HepeXOIATh Bb AalePh AHTHAHHACTHICCKAXS. ITO TPOBHTh CePbesHOM 
olacHOCTBW Kopos Masynay 4 ero UpabaTeabcrsy. Ilocabaugia rese- 
rpaMME HHOCTPA@HHEIXb raseTL (Halle Texerp. areHTCTBO He HHTEepe- 
cyeTCd DOpPTyrasbCkHMH [RiaMH) IpHHECEE TPeBOKHWA HBBBcTia. Ipa- 
BHT@ABCTBO UPHHHMACTE OONIMPHHA BOCHHHA MBPH UPeAOCTOPORHOCTE. 
AXUHOCTE H YecTOAWOIe OAHOTO WeAOBBRA H KYYEH CFO KACPHKAALHO- 
PeokasbHHIXh KACBPCTOKD MOTYTE HACAATh HA H8MYIOHHYW ompauy 
HOBHIA TARCINA HMCIHEITAHIA. 


Chpepo-aMepHeanckad apMaga JBBTacTCda Eb BCe elle HEHSBSCTEON 
wh. Ona OCTaHaBAHBasach Y ocTposa TpaHayaga, xb 6118 1603n0 
IpHHaTa OpPHTAaHCKHMH BASCTAMH H CB SnTysiaSMOME MBCTHHMD 6pa- 
TAaHCEHME H HCUAaBCKHMS BHacexeHiemb. Ast Tpanayaxa (A0T BEIt- 
ayuMupaza Wpenca mpomerxt npamo BB Pio-xe-anelipo, croxany Bpa- 
SHiin. Kimy HaBCTpBiy BHIMeIb OTPAXs OpasnabcKaro dz0Ta. Upiews 
OHI TOPRecTReHHHA w BS BHCMeH creneHH Apymecki#’. Ilpesnxenru 





HOAHTHA EA. 125 


Bpaswabcko# u Cbsepo-AmMepakanckoi pecnyOzHkb OOmbaaaHCh MHO- 
TOSH@IHTCABHHIMA TOACIPAaMMAMH O COJHABPHOCTH H ApyxOb, CBASH- 
Bawbmaxt Bpasnsio un Coejunenawe Iltaru. Bs Pio-xe-Maneiipo 
KE AOTY BaNe-agMupara Wsenca UpHcoeABHHAach MHHHAA PAOTHIis 
(MecTb EOHTp'-MHHOHOCHEBS). OcTaBHBD paxyuay cTroasny Bpasnais, 
Visench HHEYA® HO 8aX0AH’%, UPAMO Hallpabaaa CBO nyTh Kb Ma- 
T@AAAHOBY IPOIHBY. 

VWatepecno oTmbratTb, 4TO TexerpaMMa, HSBbMaBllad 0 BCTYNACHix 
@MCPHEAHCKarO scTa BE MaressahOBb UPOSHBD, COBNaAa Cb H3BS- 
CTIOME 0 BHESa0HOME COBEPLICHHOMS Upekpanenin sANOKCKOH HMMH- 
rpami Ha THxX0-OKkeaHCKie Gepera ChaepHok Amepaku. UTutaresH, MO- 
HeTh OMTb, UOMHATS, ITO pabbe APYRECTRCHBNA YCuAIA ANOHCKATO 
HPaBATedbcTBa OAH OC38CHAbEM HE TOABKO DPOEPATATh, HO XOTS-OH CO- 
KPATHTb HallAbiBb ANOHCKHXS KYAH HA AMEPHRAHCKIe Oepera H BAPYTb 
HoxzHoe upekpamesie... Ilo acraaB uygzecnoe xbicTsie apMaaW, Kakb 
pas MepeAb Of BCTYNAeHICMD Bb MHPHHIA BOAL Taxaro oneana. 

Bure-aquupars Wsesct, Mexay Thu, DANI H UALS, BHIMCKb Bb 
Taxi Oxeans nocbruis Baabnapaiico, rb ero pasymHo BCTpbraxH 
GHIiHOH, AXb DpesAleHTh H AXDb POTS, HeGOAbMOH, HO yRe cymbamis 
BWKasaTb MOpcKia AOcTOHHCTBA. Toca’ Waau ovepegb opxmsa Lepy, rab 
apmaja Wsenca 6nga BCTpbieka Cb OBTYSiasMOM'. OTNALIID OHS YO H 
OTTY1a, TeENepb yO NepecbE SEBATOPh H HAXOAHTCA CHOBA BD ChBep- 
HOME DOIyWMapiv, HO KY1a OH'D MALIBETD, Bb TOTh MOMCHTS, ROFL A UBDIY 
STH CTPOKH, ele HeasBBcTHO. XOAATS CAYXH, YTO PACTS pasrbanTca 
MH WACTb CFO DOAb PAATOM KOHTPb-alMupara Tomaca (5—6 annefi- 
HEIXb kopabseli wo 6 KOHTPb-MHHOHOCHeBL) HalpaBuTca Ha PwaAHO- 
INHHH, COC@AHHHTCH Cb TaMb cTOAMeH sckaqpow H saHMeTCH costa- 
Hiemb H8B ocTpoBa Jiwcona wu MasuspcKoh OyxTH DepBoksac- 
cHoH MopcKo# 6asH. CyxonyTrHia Boficka ye OcTaBlesH Tyfa. Uu- 
MRCHCPH BOSBOAATE yEpborenia. JoctapzawTh 6oxbmie O10By4ie ACRE, 
CTPOATCA OTPOMHBLIA Cyxie, MOpCKOH apceHasb yxe OOOpyA0BaH’ H cHab- 
MEH, YTOALHHE CkKAagH Tome. OctaabHHe 10—11 snnefnHxn kopa6- 
xeli HAYTS OAS saaromt Viseuca, BbpoatTHo, Bb Canb-PpannHcKo, 
TAK® KAR TYjla-Xe HalpaBASeTCA BCH AMEPHKAHCKAd perylspHas 
apMia (60 THC. 4eN0B.) H TaMb-Me COSHBACTCA MHIUTIA sallaXablxh 
ITAaTOBh AIH COBMBCTHHXS Cb MAOTOML MABCBPOBb Ha MOPB H Ha 
cymrb. Bupovwems, Bce 9TO TOXbKO CIYXH H AOFaseu. 

Jloctopbpao H8BBCTHO, 4TO UpaButerbcTBo ABCTpadiH IPHTAacHAO 
aMepHRancKi# @jAOTH DocbraTb aBcTpadsifickia BOJH # TaBaHH H 4TO 
AMCPHEAHCKOG UPaBATeMBCTBO Cb pagsOcTbo NpHHsIO npHTsamenie 
aBcTpalifinest, 610 Make NOAbMeHO sTHMD UpHraAamesiems. Bosobno- 
BHXHCh CAYXH O BOSMOMHOCTH BOBBpaMlenia YacTH iota BaAle-aiM. 
Visenca. pb ATaaaTayeckif#f Oxeanb yepest Cyonkifi kanaib H eBpO- 
nefickia MODs. 

Bo Bcakom> cayyab, cOBepMIeHHO COrzacHO Cb BH PaKCHHHMA HANH 
BalexlaMu Bb Opomsoh xponueb, sofia Mexay AmepHKoH # Jmo- 


126 Cc DRAKROB SS. 


nie Bb STOMb TOAY HE NpesBAguTca, u MaoTH Vpewca cociymaze 
BOAHKYW cAyROy cBoeH pOAHHS, He HCTPaTHBS HH OAHOTO CHApAAA, 
SIn0HCKad HMMHTpalis UpekpaTasacb, & BHEOHTS [asia BpyIHI> 
AMCPHEAHCKONY OCAaHHHKY HOTY, KOTOPad AOURHA YAOBACTBOPHTS 
Baluarroackoe mpasatedbcTBo. Coraamenie ene He OPOpMieHO, He 
OCTpoTa HeperowopoBt Hwcyesxa H Upexye Thus OyAeTh pbUeHL Aatb- 
Hbimifi MapmipytTb Bune agm. Hsenca, sce 6yzeTh OKOHYATCSLHO Yza- 
OHO. 

OTOTh OrpomaH ycubxt Coexnnenawx, L[lltatosh coplalb ch 
H30BHpaTeAbHOW OpesHAeHTCKOW kamMManieh 4, KOHCTHO, NOCEYAETS 
H&@ NOIb3yY pecoyOrAWkaHeBs. 

Kpomb T[lopryrazia u Jlasbusro Boctoka, WHBHAHS0BaHHHA Mip> 
OYHb BHTepecoBatcaA Bb OTUCTHOME MbcHIS OadkaGCKHMH AhIAME & 
BHCTYD1eHieMt ABCTPiIH Cb WAAHAMH REABSHOAOPORHALO CTPOMTOACTBA, 
8& KOTOPHMHA UpospaikoO BHAHHI NAaHH NosanTHYecKie. OAHOBpeMeHHO 
Cb oTHMB HeHSBBCTHO OTEYAA MOABHAMCL CAYXH O UpeAcTosmes Bolin’ 
meaty Pocciei a Typnie#. Oto TpesoxHao Espony, HO elle HexocTa- 
TOUHO BHACHHAOCh JAS CymjeHia. 

C. Wmanoss. 


Ha oyepenHHA TeMHI. 
Pesosmnia Haos6opors. 


Hil. ° 


«57 MHITIOHOBS ACCATHHS»... Takoe KOXHYCCTRO SOMAH, EAKb Mil 
BHAI, IPABHTECAECTBO H8bABHAO FOTOBHOCTL NepeABAHYTD Bb RPCCThaA- 
cKyW cToposy. Jlaxe G6oxbule... «fl DHppH He OCHapABaw»—SaaBaXE 
BO BropoH Jiymb npexcbaaTeab copbTa MHBECTpOBS. Mnowm OnAu yxe 
TIPpHBECACHH eFO CAOBA: «UPHAeCTCA BCHMD MAAOZCMCIBHHIM'S KPCCThABANS 
aTh BOSMOHHOCTL BOCHOAbSOBATBCA U8 CYMECTBYNMaro SeMeAbHAaTe 
Ballaca TaKHMb KOAHYCCTBOMb 3eMIH, Kakoe BMD HeOOxo,HMO»... M 
JOBeECTH JO TAKHXS pasMbpowb seweJbEHH sallach He TpyAHO. «<BBAb 
IpaBUTeIbCTBO-—FOBOPpHIb YL. CTOANNHHS—TOAbKO HefaBHO Havas 
OOpasOBHIBaTb SCMeAbHHIH SOHTb, Bb KPeCTDABCKIM OaHED Deperpy- 
KCHb UpesoKeriamu>... Copopa KopoTKo: «DomboWubeH seMAH HaMe 
He HakO H MEI MOReCMB MaTb CH CKOADEKO YTOAHO*,—TAaKOBb ObizeD 
CMEICIS UPAaBUTeABCTBeEHHOH AeKAapaliv Bb sTOH ea YacTH. 

MoxHO, KOHETHO, AYMATb, TO Bb JAHHOM’ CAyyab oTO Ontsa Te- 
TOBHOCTh TOIbKO H& CAOBAXL,—TOTOBHOCTL, SACBHI'STCALCTBOBaTh me- 











HA OUEPEJHEIA TEMHI. 127 


TOpyW nepexs bBo Jymofl 10 ThMb HAM HAHMB cooOpameniaus 
CUHTAaIO HYKHWWS opaBuTerbcTBo. [po ceba xe npeschzatems copbra 
MHHACTPOBD, MORETH OWTh, AYMAN, ITO TAakO’O KOABYECTBA 3eEMIH BE 
AbaCTBHT@ABHOCTH He NOTpebyeTca, Thu Ooxbe, iTo pesorzmnis, Korma 
OBb TOROPHAb CBOW pbib,—a oTO 6H10 10 maa 1907 roga, T. e. 
MeHbINe, ThMb 83 MBCAID JO iMHbCKATO DepeBopoTa,—yme 6rn3H1acb 
Kb CcBOeMY «OKOHYAHIN»>. [losToMy, OnITh MORETS, OH H CYeID HSIUM- 
HAM «OcDapHBaTs Wadpy». Horoms Baguo Oyzers... Hayo craszats, 
4TO H CA8MAH BOSMOHHOCTL NepeABAHYT TakOe KOJHYECTBO SeMIH, 0 
KOTOPOME YyNOMAHYIb FY. CTOINNHHS,—epesBHHYTA ThMS yTeM, 
Kako o6an60Ba10 paBHTeIbCTBO,—UpelcTavlaiach BB 98TO BpeMs 
yxe COMHBTeABHOW. [Ipanya, Wupokas nyOauka eme He sHala 0 
SATPYAHEHiAXh, KakiA BCTPBIUAHCh BD ABATCABHOCTH KPECTLAHCKArO 
Ganka, HO lpexcbaaremo cOBBTa MHHHCTPOBb OHH ONIN, KOHEUHO, 
BSBbCTHH. HbckosbEO CTPaHHO OSTOMY WepeyHTHBaTh ero pbb Te- 
epb, KOTAa MHOTOe yee BHACHHIOCh. BosMomHO, 4TO H TOTAa 9TO 
OHIIa OMA TOIbKO CHOBCCHOCTH... 

HecomMHbHHO, OHAKO, ITO panbie OHA Nepioxb, KOrLa WpaBuTetb- 
CTBO He TOABEO H& CIOBaXx'b, HO H Ha Abb TOTOBO OHIO NpexOcTaBATD 
KPeCCThAHAM' SOMAW BS SHAIBTCIBHOMS KOMBYECTBH HW, TIaBHOe, BbpHAO, 
4TO OHO MOKCTH STO CABAATh HOMHMO UPHHYAUTeIbHAarO OTUyReHIs. 
Hanyranone arpapHhMa Ge3s0pasikaMH TOMBINHERH yee Kb KORY 
1905 roa Bb sHadHTeabHOH cBoell YacTH MOUyBCTBOBaIH HeOOxOIH- 
MOCTh OTIATb 3€MEH. BuBaeTS BbAL, ITO H AAKOMYH KOCTh UpAxXo- 
autca Opocats... Kpectsanceifi 6aHkt wocrb Toro, Kakb ykas0MS 
3 nos6ps 1905 roga emy 6b130 paspbweHo NOKyNaTb 3eMIH HO TOIbKO 
88 HalHUHblA, Bb pasMbpb ambwMAxca y Hero CBOOOAHHX® CpexcTBS, 
HO H Bb JOMlh, DYTEM BHUYCKA SAaKIAIHHXh CBUABTCALCTBD, O'S 
HOMOJACHHO «lleperpyxeHb Upesqsomeniamu». HEcaa oJHH 43% NOMb- 
WHKOBD HO TepsAH eMle HagexXIL «OTCHI'BTBCA», NpeBpaTHBb CBOu 
ycagbonl BB Epboocrn, TO Apyrie cubmuza pasBasaTbca cb semielt, 
Oxaro 9TO MORHO OHO cAbAATL HA AOCTATOUHO BHTOABHXD YCIOBIAXd. 
Tlocxbanux® cTaHOBHAOCh Bce 6oxAbMe H OoxAbNIe. Beicmuro Hanpsme- 
Hid oTO CTpeMxeBnie paspBMUTh TAKHMS MyTeMb arpapHH BoNpochs— 
PaspbOHTh kKaxloMy Ala ceba—ROcTHTAO BB NombmAiel cpexBs, 
KAKB MOXHO AYMATb, Bb AHH NepBok Jlymb, Korga, KpoMb saxBata 
CHH8Y, AOCTATOUHO SCHO OOpucoBanach # Apyrad oNacHOcTbR—npuHy- 
AuTeibHaro oTaykieHia crepxy. «llombmuku—coo6mar> Bb cBoe 
Bpema «Caparoscaii JucTokb»—cTapalWTca AHKBHIHPOBaTb BCB CBOM 
cBasnH cb jyepeprel... Ilo 1 iad Bb Tpexb ybsqaxb (ATEKAPCKOM, 
Letposcromt wu Cepzo6ckomt) sasBieHoO KpecTbdHCKOMY OaHKy 0 Ipo- 
maxb 600 Thc. WeCaTHHR NOMBOMYbDUXD semMerb. Han pacnpocosn 
SEMICBIALBISUEBL H AX YUpaBARWMUXb OKABLIBACTCH, ITO OYKBAIbHO 
Bch BiaybIpohl cybialn 3asBleHid O Relawin MposaTh wepess 
spectbanckifi OaHkB cBoH uMbHia». JlocrenenHHo saxBaTHBad BCe 
GosbWyH A OOAbMTyO YacTh MOMBUIAYBATO KAacca, PMHMOCTh OTAATb 


128 A. ITS®DIEXOHOBD. 


3eMIN Depexasach BS KOHITB KOBIIOBE H UpaBaTeabcTBy. Bb arpap- 
HHIXS YKa3aXb, EAKHMH HA@WaA0Ch NepBOG MERAYAYMbO, COBEPIICHHO 
@BCTBEHHO IposByiasa 9Ta HOTA. [paBHTeXbCTBO Kakb OH TOBOPHIO 
HMH RPOCTbSHaMD: 

— Buy yoOnBaeTech yxBIbHOH seman? Uspoxste... Shezaere mo0ay- 
YWHTb KaseHBYH? Moxso # ee... Tlomwbmnyw? HW sa new bAO HE 
CTAHETS... 

Tloarm BCe MeXAYAyMbG UposOImarwch YCHICHHHNA UpexsOmeHis 
SOMIH TIOMBIIHKAMH H YCHACHHAA CRYDKA 8 KPCCThSHCKHMS OAHKOMNS. 
BHBaIH AHH, KOMAa Ta3seTH UPHHOCHAH HBBBCTIA O CASAKAXD HB COTHH 
THCHY ACCHTHHD, HA ACCHTRH MHAXIOHOBD pyOseH. «I pads Crpora- 
HOBb—COOOmMHAO, HAalpaMbpt, TexerpadHoe arestcTso 28 aarycra 
1906 roja—asbABHIDb Corsacie Hepesath KpecTbAHCKOMY OaHKy HabEs- 
ckoe HMbHie, pactoAOmeHHOe BE 4 ybSlaxb, UAOMAAbW CBHINC MHI- 
sioHa ACCATHHS, UPH YcXOBIH NOKYOKH EMbHia NOAROCTDW». KpectTsss- 
CKOMY 03@M@IbBOMY OaHKY—HTaAH MH BB «TosapHaiyb» 07% 
20 sHBapa 1907 roxa—wpessomeHO TpeMA pOwaklaMeH SeMIE 
113.935 xec. sa 13.098.965 py6. Bb uwnceb uxt: HacxbagHKm Ha- 
phimkHHa 44,802 ec. sa 5.798.963 py6., donb-leabmepcens 
49.960 nec. 8a 4.106.000 py6., AypHoso 19.673 yec. sa 3.200.000 py6. 
Bb o6nlemt nosyias0ch Takoe BoewaTabHie, YTO «KO ABW cosHBa Io- 
cynapcrpeHHok JiyMH—Rrakb (OpMyAHpOBaaH HBEOTOPHA raseTH— 
YWACTHUBAATbabyecKiA ycagbOH OyAyTS cOcTaBAATD Belwiaimywo per 
KocTb. Jlyub OyAyTb UpenoxweceHH JHMb OOA8ATCXbCTB&a KDPCCTBAH- 
ckarO 6aHk& H& COTHH MHIZIOHOBL py6.» *). 

Teleps MH uMbeMS HBEOTOPHA HTOTOBHA KAHHHS, ITOOM CyANTS 
O pasmbpaxb 9TOrO AHEBHAaLiOHHAaLO ABHReHIA Bb DOMBIBIbeH CpeRrd. 
Ct 8 Hnos6pa 1905‘roga no 1 sHBapa 1907 rexa DowbmakamH® 6n0 
IpesAOReHO KPeCThAHCKOMY OaHnKy 8.742.825 xec. S8eMaH; KPOM' TOrO 
HeENOCpeACTBEHHO KPCCTbSHAMH 38 TO KO BpeMA ObLEO UPHTOPToBano 
y HHX®d 1.725.398 yec.; rakamMb oOpasoms 38a 14 mbcaneBn nomt- 
IHKH HSbABHIA TOTOBHOCTh UposaTh cBHme 10 MHAZ. eC. HEH OK0IO 
‘/7 pce IpHBadiexame Hub seMaH. UToOw NoscHATS sHayeHie oTO# 
u@pH, He JHMHe GOyseTS UpHOaBHTb, 4TO NOMBOER pasxH4BHXb 
w‘bcTHocTel AadeKO He Bb OAHHAKOBOH cTeneHA OAH OXBAaYeHH oTol 
JHEBHAaniOHHOH ropayKo#. 


Ilonsku—cb ropeyw nucano ,Hospoe Bpema* Bb yexabpb 1906 r.— 
KPBUKO JepHATCA 8&8 3CEMAW H TOALKO Bb PBAKHXE CUYWAXE UPOAAWTs CBOE 
BMbHia. Bb teyenie roza BB 10 ry6epHiaxt Llapcraa Ilonnckaro 6OauKxn wort 
KYNHTb TOALKO UATb HM BHIA BH TO HeEOOIbMBXd. Bb oTHXb UATH BM‘BHISXS 
Beero 1669 yec... HesHawntenbHH DOKYOKH O6aHka H Bb SauaquomMb Epa 
..He upozanTrh wuMbHi Hu upH6attifckcie abBuon. Bb Teyenie roxza 0 
Bcem® [IpH6anTifickomM® kKpab OaHKOML KYDJICHO TOXLKO OXHO BMbuHie 35> 
JInaasngzckoa ry6., cocroamee Hu3b 1.290 nec... TaapHiMb KueieHTOME GanEe 


ees coe oe 


*) Caparopckifi JIucroxs*. Iutapyo no ,Pyccxuma BbaoMOcTaME* oT> 
17 centa6pa 1906 r. 











HA OYEPEIHNA TEMH. 129 


no upoyzamb umbuif aBuaetca pycckif jBOpaHHHD-DoMbowKD. T'naBHHME 
IOHTPAMH NOKYNHOA WhaTexbHOcTH O6aHka—caMHa ABopaHcKia ryOepHin® *). 


M pombuyaet, Halo upHOaBaTs, 00 WpeaMymlecrsy Kpynani... 
Ilo pacserams r. Kytaepa **) 70 1 anBaps 1907 r. OaHEy OnIZ0 
EPeAAOMCHO NOMBIVKAMH HMBOMEME: 


MeH SE 100 mec. ~. . 2. 7 we ee ew 0,5°/e HX 3eMIB 
100— 500 ”» © © © © © «© «© @ -« wie 6,2 ” 99 sad 
500—1000 ,,  . 2... ee ee ee - NS, 4 rs 
1000—2000 , .......6..-. 124,, 4 | ” 

Cenpme 2000 , ........860.6 16,1,, ” 


Cb oco60h cHI0W JABEBHAAMIVHHOe ABHReHIe CkasAaIOCh Bb N0- 
BOXECEHXD H UPHIJeraNMuXb Kb HAMS MEHTPaIbHHXb ryOepHisx, 
FXB arpapHbe GesnopaykH OTIHYAIHCh OCOOOW HHTeCHCHBHOCTLD. Bs 
HBEOTOPHXS 3b STAXD Ty6epHit OHIO sasBIeHO Bb UpOLamRy cBHMe 
*/, ToMbmu ibe semsH. Bb wacTHOCTH, NOMBIHEAMH-7BOpsHaMA, 0 
pascuetams r. Topxa ***), 620 MpeqzomeHO OaHky H 3alpomano He- 
NOcpeAcTBeHHO KpecTbAHaMb JO 1 sHBapa 1907 roza: 


Bb IlensenckoH ry6. ....... .  33°/o Bee Hxb 30MIH 
» Caparopckoh , ......... 49, . » 3 
» CumOupckrohR , ...6..... BO, , , . 
» CamapexoH , ..-...2..- 60, . -» » 


Bp HBENTOPHXS MBCTHOCTSXE, KAR BHIATS YWTAaTesH, IW hHCTBH- 
WOAbHO MOHHO OHIO OXULATL, YTO. YACTHOBAAAbALecKia—u TMS 60- 
whe [s0psnckia—ycaxb6ON ckopo 6yAYTB «CcOCTaBISTh BerniaiMyw 
PBAKOCTD», H ITO KpPeCTbAHCKad Macca—dHe Jy6beMb yume, & py6ieMb— 
msOasitca nce-TARE OTb DOMBITBKOBS. 


Uto usb sToro ' puAgers?—cs Tpesorok cupamnBanto ,Hopoe Bpema“ Bb 
M@ITHPOBAHHOA ye MHOW cTaTLB.——IlocayxaTh oH aTa AHKBUZania omb- 
IMHULHXD BMBHIA Ha NOIbSY KPCCTLAHCKOA MaCCH, Bb HHTepecax’ KoToOpoA 
@Ma UpeupHHATa, DOkaxeTS Oynymee. 


Ho Bb TY Hopy Aaxe «Hopoe Bspema»: He CuHTAaIO BOSMOMHHMD 
@CTaHOBATbCS. 


Bo BCAKOMS clyyab—4ATalh Mb WAIbWe —Bb TAKOMb Ubi, pasb OHO 
MATIATO, OCTAHABIHBATSCS Ha NONUYTH HOAb3A; HEOOXOTHMO BeCTH CFO Wabie 
e% TOK HalpsxeHHOA u O6OAyMaHHOd aHeprie#, BB TOH OOcTAHOBKS H Bb TOMS 


——— 


*) ,Hopoe Bpema“, 18 yexadpa 1906 r. 

**) Cu. ,,Hosiifi nepioa® AbATeILBHOCTH KpecTbAHCKaro OaHka“. ,,PyccKaa 
Murer", 1907 r. xexa6pp. Bs stoi crarhbb nonBeprayTtH o6cToaTexbHol 
eGpacoTkh zanuna ,,O6sopa wharerbnocTn KpecTbancKaro Ganka cb 3 Hoa6pa 
31906 r. no 1 sHBapas 1907 r.“, kakoBoh o6s0pb OHI COCTAaBICHb &1MHHH- 
eTpanieh 6aHka ia BTOpOA JIymb, HO He 6GHIIb DOCKIbAneA UpeAbABIEHS 3a 
ex pocnoyckoms. bt 10f xe cTaThS npupezcHh HBKOTOPHA JaHHbA 0 WBATOIb- 
wocTt kp. 6anxa 3a 1907 r. (qo 1 centa6pa), nonyiesHnA Yr. Kytaepoms 
SAacTHHMDL TYTOME. 

#***) TopapHmb”* 21 qexa6pa 1907 r. 

espana. Orban I] 9 


130 A. USIIEXOHOB’D. 


pasmBbpb, KOTOPHe COOTBSTCTBOBaAH ObI ero BeAHKOMY YrocyzapcTBeHHoMy 
SHAYCHID UPHMHPHTeIs HHTEPeCCOBh ABOPAHCTBA H KPCCTbAHCTBA ABYXS 
cocaoBifi, KOTOPHIMH CO3ZaHO, AEPRANOCh H DEPRATCA pycckoe FocyAApcrTBes. 


IipaBHTexbCTBO T&Kb H DOCTyOHAO. Okashibad SHeprHiHyW NOog- 
AOPHKY DOMBINUEAMD, KOTOPHe UPOAOAKAAW «OTCHRHRATLCA», OHO DPE- 
Aaraio BMBCTB Cb TAME BCB ycuizis, ITOOHI O6seraHTS Salaty TEMS 
HSb HHX%, KOTOPHe pbMHIH ye JHKRBUApOBATECH. TakuMs OOpasous 
OHO peryABpoOBas0 «<pasMBpH» NoMBIHIDeH pacnpogaeH HH OXHOBpC- 
MCHHO Cb STHM' COBAaBANO «<OOcTAHOBEY», OAATOUpiATHYO JAM AHEBH- 
Aanin. Bb oTOMb TOCcAbAHeME HallpaBxzedxiH OAHY H3b TkaBHHXS pa- 
60TB COCTaBHAO A3HCKaHie CpeACTBt, KOTOPNA MOFAH OL YAOBIE-. 
TBOPHTS TOMBOUKOBD. Corsamasch «6pocHTb KOCTB», Docabanie xe- 
SJaiH BCe-TaKH OOTAOMAaTh Ce BOSMORMHO FAME... 

Hago CKasaTb, 4TO Cb MHHABCOBLIMA BONPOCaMH IpaBHTeXBCTBY 
IIPHMIAOCh CTOAKRHYTLCA OWEHb CKOPO MOcAB TOTO, Rakb KpeCcTSAHCKIA 
6aBKb DPHCTYNBIb kB ckyORB semaxg. Ilo cBoemy ycrasy nocrbanil 
BLIaBalb CCYAM HW DAaTHAS 3a Mpio6pbraeMia UM CaMHMb SeCMIE 
HOABTHWMH JeCHbTaMH, IPHHAMAS Ha CBOH CueTh KYPCOByw pasHHELy, 
Kakad OAyWaLach IPH Upolaxb saklaleWXb CBHIBTeALCTBS wa 
Gupxb. Memazy ThMb oTa pashulla AOCTHTIa 3&8 BpeMA BORHH H CMYTH 
SHAYHTeADHHIXD pasMbkposb. Bp. goanb 1905 wn nayazb 1906 rox 
4'/, °4 CBHABTeALCTBA KPCCTbAHCKALO Ganka pacitbauBasuch Ha Gupas 
oxon0 «> 8a 100. Takams o6pasomh, UpH BHOYCEB CBHABTCABCTES 3 
Kaxqne 100 py6., KOTOpHe NO1yWaxrH OpPOAABUN seMAH, OanEB xOK- 
HEHE OLLIE UPHUAAIHBATh USb CBOHXD CpescTBE 25 py6., ATO UpE 
HavaBOeMCA pacminpedia Ofepanif emy 640 COBepmeHHO He DOS 

cHay. Waa stam yTemb, VRB fiex3s6bsHO H OFHb CKOPO AOXROHS 
Gus opifira kB 6aHkpoTcTBy *). 

Uro6m us6aBaTb EpecThsackifi Oankb CTS HENOCHALHHXS XA Here 
YORITEOBE, MpHwA0ch UpAObrayth Rb TOK MBph, KOTOPYO UPAakTHEYWTS 
Bch vacTHne seMedbHWe Oak. Brcovafime yrsepmAeHHHMD 21 Mapra 
1906 r. mubsiems Tocygzapcrseyuaro Costbra 610 mOcTaHoBseRO 
BHAABaTbh CCYIH WH WIATATh 8&8 MOKYiMaeMbIa 8CMAG, BMBCTO RAAHTHHXS 
Rewerb, 5°/,-HHMH CBAABTeALCTBAMH OaHka UO HapHLareabHof aXs 


bas. 


*) Hago ckazaTb, ITO 0 OTHOMeHIO Rb cCYAaMb, BHAABACMHIMS Ups 
NOKYUKS seMNH CAaMHMH KPeCTbJIHAaMH, 3TOTh BOUpPOCb OHAb CBOeBpemMeHHO 
mpexzycmotpbat. Bosctanopiaa 14 ipaa 1905 roga ovepania 6anka, orpauE- 
YoHHbIA Bb 1.04 r. nO chydap 6yyzTo 6H BOHAH, UPaBATeALCTBO NOBLICBEO 
BSHMAeCMbIO Cb KPCCThAWb DIATeRH, NPR EMD Ha HUXD OHA Deperomena YR- 
aaTa KYpCOBOH pa3sHHOH. ITO He Ns6anidtO, KOHCIHO, 6AuKB OTb Bchx>s 
BaTPYAHCHIA, UpOHCTekaBWIBXb OT HHskaro Kypca ero 6yMarb, HO TAKEMS 
NyTOM, BOsMBIMaIOCh BCe-TaKH, XOTA H wocTeneHHO, ero yOHTEH. BB yxash 
3 Hos6na 1905 r., paspbmuBoeMb camMomy 6aHky NOKYNAaTb 3eM1N, HE OTpa- 
HHIMBAaSCh HMBHWAMHCA Bb ero pacnopsaxeHih CBOGUTHbIMH peccypcamH, BO- 
Upoch, H3b KaKOrO HCTOIHHKA OHD OyACTh DOKPHBaTb KyPCOBYW PasHEHILy, Be- 
Bce He OHS NPeAyYCMOTpP hud. 


— 








HA OYVEPEIHHA TEMBI. 131 


Ho sta mbpa, ocBoOomsad 6ankb OTS YORITKOBS, PBSKO YXYA- 
aia Wox0Kenie mpoxaBnest seman. Tlozyyaa BMbcTO HAaNHIAHIXS 
JIPOMCHTHHIA GyMard, NOMBIHEH, Oph Rexagin oOOpaTuHth BXb Bb 
AOHbDTH, NOAKHH OWA CaMd HECTA YOHTEH OT KYpcoBoh pasaAHnE. 
(® oOmle-skoHOMHYeCKOH TOUKH 3spbHid BB OTOMB He OHIO HHYETO 
HOHOPMAAbHAarO: BL TAKOMD Ke DOAOMCHIN HAXOAWIMCh H HAXOAATCA 
BAANBILUA BCSXb APYTAXb MPONMCHTHHXG OyMarb H ApyrHXb HAMY- 
mecTsb. dhelai# OOpaTaTh Xb Bb XCHBTH, OHH JOAMAH HECTH BCH 
HOBHIOJH JaHHOR PunancoBok KOHBWHETYpH. Ho nombawka—ctTara - 
oco6ad... 

Bosmbcrath HMB YOHTEH OTS Kypcopoi pashan MOMHO OnII0, 
KOHCTHO, NOBHINeHiewh OSHS Ha NpOsaBaAeMbiA AMA SeMAIn. Crbaats 
STO 6HAO TBMD Aerge, WTO STH IWBAH BCembAO NOYTH BaBHCBIH OTS 
-KPeCThAHCKaTO Oanka. CUHTASCh Ch <«TARCINMND NOAOMEHIOME MpOMaB- 
TIOBh 3eMIH», OaHEb, IPH HashHayeHid WbAB HA SeMIN, HeECOMHBHHO, 
LIPHHHMaIb BS pascyeTs yOuITKH, Kakie DOMBILAEK JOARHH OyAyTS M0- 
-TepObTh UPH Uposawh BHJABAeMHIXS AM UPOMCHTHHXS OyMarb Ha 
-Oupxb. Ilo xpaitnet mbpb oTHMb HMCHHO CTOPOHHEH OankoBcKOf 
TIOIBTHEH HE pasb MHTaIMch OOLACHHTD H ONpaBsaTb pbskoe NOBH- 
Mewie SeMCAbHHXD OSH, KakOe OOHapyRuIOCh BE 1906 a 1907 ro- 
Aaxb. TakuMb UYTeMD yORITEH OTH KypcoBok pasHHOH mepektasHBa- 
HHCh Bb CYMHOCTH H& KPCCTAAHB-NOKynaTesok. 

He Tpyq80, O1Hak0, OHIO NPCARHABTL, ITO STOTS CHOCO6S BOSHAa- 
Ypamsenia TOMBIMKOBh 8a cCyeTh OYAYMAXb KPCCTHAHCKUXS MazarTe- 
wel, YpeBarTb oOfacHocTaMH. YcwAeCHHHH BHIMYCKb 3aRJALHHXDb CBH- 
XBTeABCTBS HeHSOhKAO AOAMeHD Oniyb NowecTH Kb OOesmbaeHiN wXb 
Ha pags. Kypcopad pashuna JOAMHA Oba CTAHOBATECA BCe OorbMe. 
Bosmbmaa e@ TOBHWMeHieMh SeMCILHEIXS ISHS, T. €. BhIATeH ThXB 
SKC CBHABTCABCTBS BCC BH OOAbMeMh H HOALMEMS KOANIECTBS, MORKHO 
6n410 Opifita kB abcypry. HomaHaabHHA AIA UpoxaByeBh, HO peadb- 
HHA JIA nokynaTexeli OSA Ha seMIN MOraM JOliTA Bb KOHUB KOR- 
OBS NO TakdXh pasMBpoBs, 4TO COLTh NOCKBAHMW Cb pykb 64110 
641 10 HeAb3d TpyAHO. MomeTs OnITb, Wepexb 9THMH FpPALYOUMA 3a- 
TPYJHCHiAMH IpaBUTeAbCTBO Bb TY NOpy HW Be OCTamOBAAOCh ON. Ho 
BD Magesi KYpca 8akKiaAbIXh CBAABTeIbCTBS On1Ia H Apyras, Gombe 
,OA03Kag, ONacHocThs. Babcrb cb Huua Heus6bxRAO Hayat On obesKb- 
HHBaTECA A BCBS Apyrid TocyAapcTBeHHBA G6yMarda, ITO AO KpanucTa 
SaTpylgui0 OW AOBLIG BaliMN, HEOOXOAMMOCTh KOTOPHIXDS Takb OCTPO 
ZYBCTBOBAIO TOPAa MpaBHTe.1bCTBO. 

BosHarpaxsatTb NOMBOLHEOBb, He H@aHOCA HeMeICHHArO ypoHna 
rocysapcTBeNHOMY KpeluTy, MOKHO OHIO AHMb IpPHHAMaeMad Xb 
<«yOHITKH» H& CIeTB KusHH. Ho yrodn BosMbmaTh nocrbanie Hemel- 
A@HHO, Y NOcabsneh We XBaTHAO OWL HAIMIAHIXD peccypcuBs. Bb Bay 
9TOrO TMS Re sakOHOMB 21 mapta 1906 roja Ona MpequpHHATa 
Takaa Mbpa: NpowaBlaMb SeMe€Ib BIB IJHDaM'b, KOTOPHXS OHH YKa- 
4&YTb PH coBepmenin CABIGH, MpexocTaBAeHO O20 paso BM'BCTO 

Q* 


132 A. TIBIEXOHUBD. 


5°/ ,-HHXb CBHABTCALCTBS AMbONEXD OOpamenie Ha 6upxb, wozyqats 
6°/,-HHA HMOHHHA O6gsaTeAbcTBa Ganka, NepeXONS KOTOPHIXS Eb Apy- 
THM JHWAMD AOUYMCHS <TOAbKO Bb UOPSAKS wacrbAOBARIA HAR BH- 
Abia HHCXOASUHXD 10 S8a0HCSMb». OnacHOcTb, KOTOPOW yrpomalh 
rOCyAaPCTBCHHOMY EpPeAHTY YCHACHHHH BHNYCKD BB OOpamenie 6ag- 
KOBCKHXD CBUABTCILCTBS, OHA TAKEN O6pasoM ycTpaHeHa. Ho 3a- 
TO TOCyAapcTBO pHHsalo Ha ce6a Kpalne Taxeshad oO6asaTexbCrTBa. 
IlponesTh 00 AMeOHHLIMS OyMaraMh, CDABHATEABHO CO CBAASTOALCTBAME, 
KOTOPHA BB AO60H MOMCHTS MORHO UPOAATb, OPHMA0Ch NOBNICHTS,— 
HHaTe BBAB NOMBMERH He CTarH OH “xb Oparh. Hens6bmane UpH 
STOME YOHITEH OaHKa, 010 saxoHy 21 MapTa, AOMKHO NOEPHBATS rocy- 
JapcrBeHHoe KasHayeficrso. Kpomb Toro UpaBHTeALCTBO O6s8ax0Cb 110 
HCTeveHiH USTH XBTD CO ABA BAAR BMOHAHXD OyMarh OMATHTS 
EXD Bb Teenie CAXBLYOMBXS saTbMb ACCATH XBTS NOAHOCTDW Ha- 
JHOHHIMH JCHLTaMH, yIAaiaBad exerojgo */,, KANATAIBHOH HX CYMMH. 
Camo cu60H MOHATHO, JTO BHMOsHeHie OOssaTeXbCTBA Bb OTOH ero 
_4aCTH TpOsHAO COPbeSHHMH SATPYAHCHIAMH YRO BL OxnmalimiuMS OyAy- 
WOMB TOCyAapcTBeHHOMY KpeguTy. Ho sTH TaReANA YCOAOBIA, Ha KOTO- 
PHXD OaHEb CKYUAaIb DOMBOAYDH seMAH, He IlyrasH Bb TO BpeMs 
npaBuTerbcTso. [paxoawazoch BBAb OacaThCs, ITO KaseHHHH CYHAYES 
IYBAHEOMDB YCKOAIL3HCTh H8b NOMS CO BAACTH,—DO9TOMY, OMITL MOKECTS, 
OHO TaKb JCTKO H BHASBAalO BOKCOAR 8& TOCYAAPCTBOHHHA c4YeTE 10- 
MBILAULEMY KEACCY. 

He tyrara 9TH Bekcexd H Docrb... Boe nouTH MeKAYAYMbO UpaBE- 
TCAbCTBO OXOTHO BHaBaltO HMOHHHA OOs8aTeABCTBa, COBOpMeHHO He 
SANYMLIBAACh, IOBAAHMOMY, HAl'b TBM, ETO H EAKb OyxeTb DAaTHTs 
0 HM’ DPOUeHTH, ETO H KAES ODAATHTS HX BAIWTY. BosHHEMR, 
OMHakO, HOBLIA, DHHAHCOBLIA saTpyfHeHig. [ipHHaMas OTB 6aHka HMECH- 
His OyMarv, MHOrie NOMBOHEH esas BCe-TAKH HeMeAACHHO WpewBpa- 
THTb HX Bb ACHBTH. PasHhA MOFAH OHTb TyTb coo6pamenia: Cb 
OAHOH CTOPOHH, Takb AIO OHAO BbpHBe, a cb Apyrok#—pycckie ABo- 
paHe, KAakb H3BECTHO, He ANOaTb, ITOOH IBHHWA 6GyMarH y HAXS 
SaJCHABALUCh,— BHEYOHHA CBHI'BTCAbCTB& Bb CBOC BPCMA OHH BBB 
TOKe OVER CKOPO cuycTHiu. Ho UpodaTh BNCHHHA 06s83aTeXBCTE, 
Kak'b & YRC CKasalb, 00 8aKOHY MOMHO TOALKO Bb MOMCHTS COBepmie- 
Hid CAbAKH, 8AaNHC4Bb HX 38 APYTHMA ABDAMH. OXOTHAKA DOKyatS 
OOA8aTeALCTB2 HAXOMHAHCh, HO USHA UHM OCTPO cTala Dayars. 
«IlepBhia Takig mMepesaTousHa CBARH UpOHSBOAHAHCh,—OO CXOBAaMS 
«Hosaro Bpemeau»,—no 86—88 &. 3a py6ab; SaTbMb CKYNMBKE, 
BaXBaTHBUie Bb CBOH PYKH STY OllepalliwW, NOAbSyACb Maseniewb kKypca 
H& CBAABTeALCTBa OaHka, NOHHSHIM hay 40 82, 80 wn Aame 78 & >» *). 
IipaBaTexbCcTBO H BD STOMD CAyIAab UPHIO OOMBIHEaMS Ha NOMODIb,— 
Jame He BNOINS 3akKOHHOe KeIaHie UX OHO 61H8KO IPHAAAO Kb Cepauy **), 





*) <«Hopoe Bpema», 27 cexta6pa 1906 r. 
**) He BoonHS sakoHHOe—ropoph a—xedanic. Paspbmaga sallWcLiBaT> 








HA OYEPRAHAIA TEMBI. 133 


Bea ocenb 1906 roga opomsza BB sabeTaxh, OTKYJa JOCTaTh Aa 
TOMBOLHKOBS ACHETH. IpaspHTerbcTBo cIrbMIH10 “XS BabpatTb BCWAY, PXb 
TOABEO MORHO. HanoMHW HBKOTOPHA H8b MPAaBATeALCTBEHAHX®S pacio- 
paxeni, OTHOCHIIAXCH &b TOMY BPeMCHH. 

22 imia 1906 roxa cOBBTS MHHACTPOBb oOfobpHId npercraBazeHnie 
MHHHCTp2 MAHAHCOBS O NOMBMeHIA CBOOOLEHX?D KAUHTAIOBS riaBebLXh 
yupaBienifi H MHHHCTePpCTBb Bb CBAXBTCABCTBA UH OOasaTeILCTBA 
KpecThagckaro Ganka. 5 aBrycTa 8TO MWocTaHoBleHie CcOBbTa MHHACT- 
pOBB YAOCcTOMAOCh BHICOYafimaro ofoOpenis. Bckopb Takoe me pacio- 
pamenie Onlt0 CXBIaHO H OTHOCHTeAbHO cCpescTBS MBCTHHXS yupa- 
Biewifi, a Takme HBEOTOPHXS OxarOTBOPHTeCALHHXS H MPOCBSTATeA- 
EHX yupemyenif. 4-ro oxTa6pa Bb yupabrediaxh oMePUTAIbANXS 
KacCh H IIpaBHTCAbCTBCHHHXS UeHCiOHHHXS yupemsenifi cTaizo 4As- 
BBCTHO, 4TO KANHTaXH STHXb yupempeniff AOARHH NOMBIATECA BS 
6°/, HMCHHEIA OOA3ATOABCTBA, IPH YOMb AIA HUXS ONT yCTaHOBIeCHh 
Kypcb Ho 95 3a 100... «O6ssarerbcTBa 9TH, IpHOaBiaia raseta, COOOMHB- 
mad HBBBCTie,—He HaxolaTS ce6b nombmenia zame no 79 py6zei, 
a m0 80 py6. Axb OXOTHO UpesAarawTs OorbmaMH Naptiamu. Yupa- 
BICHIA SMCPHTAIDAHXS KACC NOCTABICHEH Bb OotbM0e BaTpyAHeHie» *). 
Si He OyyY HAUOMAHATS Apyruxb paciopsaxenift rakoro poza, Wepmas- 
IMHXCAH OOIbIMeW WaCcTbH Bb CekpeThb H ASBBCTHHX'D AMM 10 CAYXaM... 
VA3b cka3annaro BAJHO, ITO MpPaBHTeABCTBO OCTABaIOCh BB JaHHOMD 
OTHOmMeHIH BBpHO ce6b, cBoeMy HaMbpexilO MPOHSBeECTH PeBOANDIW 
HaoOOpoTh, H, KAaKb A TOTMA KO BPASHACH, EOHMHCKYA SeMAW 010 
AOOPOBOABHOMY cordameni cb NOMBOURAMH, DosBepralo UpHHyAu- 
AHTCAbHOMY OTUYRICHIN Bb HX NOISY HapomHbia cOepemenia **). 

Ho wua CKYNKH NOMBIMYLHXD seMeIb BL TBXS rpansi0sHhXxd 
pasMbpaxth, Bb K&KHXB 9TO TOra UpescTaBssI0ch HeHsO BALM, 1e- 
Hert BB Poccin, 3aBbyjoMo 65110, He XBaTHTb. IloeToMy ye BB aB- 
TYCTB MHHACTCPCTBOMDS DPAHAHCOBDS OHAO «NOPyIeHO OAHOMY HBB a- 
HAHCOBLIXDS Wbaterel BCTYNHTS Bb DeperoBOpH Ch UpexcTaBHTelaMy 
AOHJOHCKATO JeHeRAATO PHEKA OTHOCHTCIDHO NOMBMeHiA anrsifickaxD 
KaldTadOBb BB 6°/, HMCHHEIA CBULBTCABCTBA KPCCTAAHCEALO Ganka» ***), 


MMCHHLIA OOASATCILCTBA Bb MOMOHTL COBIKH HA APYTHXD JHO'b, 3AKOHD 
CUHTAICA, KOHCTHO, Cb ThMB OOCTOATCIBCTBOMD, ITO HA HMBHIH MOTIH OHITS 
JIOATH, NOTACHTL KOTOpHe BIAbAeCNS AOMKCHD ONIb UPA ero upozaxsb. 
Enpa An UPA sTOMS UpexycMAaTpHBAaAIOCh, ITO HMOHHHA OOAZATCAILCTBA OYAYTS 
WIPOWABaTbcA N10 BONLHOA SHS HENOCPeACTBeHHO KAUMTAAHCTAMbh H OPH 10- 
CpeACTBS CKYNULBKOBS HAH COMBATBCA 10 UPHHYAHTCALHOMY Kypcy paciHy- 
HHIMD yipexseniamb, Bh TAKOM) CIyiah BHPFYCKS HXD HeH3ObRHO BAL OI- 
HKeCHS JAaBHTh HA JOHCKAHA pHHOKS H DOHHKATS pacnbuky APyTsxb UpoOueHt- 
HEIX® OymMarb. Ho HesaKOHHOCTL DOMBELHYBHXDE mReNaHif, Kakb MHI CeHvach 
YBHAHME, TOMAAa eMe AanbMe. 
*) «<Bapmesnia BbgZomocTH>, 5 oxTAOpa 1906 r. 

**) Cu. ,Hapoquo-comianuctateckoe Odospbrie“, sin. |. ,Pepoawnia Ha- 
<6oporn“. 

**¢) .Crpana‘, 26 asrycta 1906 r. 


134 a. UWBSIEXOBOBD. 


VsuniaTaba Bb STOMb CAyIab UPHHAasAeMala, NOBAAHMOMY, BCELbAO 
WpaBHTeibcTBy. ATO Kacaerca NOMBOLAKOBS, TO OHH—KAKB DOBBAaI0 
Cb HaHBHLIM® BAZOMR «Hosoe Bpema»—jame «He SHAaAH, ITO DpH 
nmpoxaxb uMbHi#t O6asaTeIbCTBAa MOKHO UpOAaBaTh H S8allHCHBaTb H2 
CTOPOHHAXS AHITb, DPH YM He BOZOpanAeTCA DepekaBatTh UXd Jaxe 
HHOCTpanuaM’ *). «MHHHCTepcTBO (@HHAHCOBL—TOBOpHAOCh Aarbe Bb 
TraseTb—bHCTBUTCILbHO HaMBPeHO MOMOGU lipoAaBlaMs aMbHif Gorxbe 
BHTOIHO DOMBMATh 9TH ObsSaTeIbCTBAar... YBMb KROHININC Depero- 
BOPH NPABHTCALCTBA OTHOCHTCIbHO 8as0ra pyccKOH semi MHOCTpas- 
amb, ocTaetca Bb Tafins. Bb ropoxyb xe youpHoO YroBopRaw ocsb 
TOrO 0 KOHTOpS, KOTOpyH OyaATO On oTKpHAH Ha Hesckom® anrazificzie 
KANHTAIHCTH JH CKYNEH OaHKOBCEEXS OO6a3aTeabCTBD. HackoxbKo 
9TH CAYXH BBPHH, CkasaTb, KOHeIHO, TpyAHO. He sumue onHako 6y- 
ACTh OTMBTATS, ITO BOTA yo BrTopo roxb Bb <Hosoms Bpemeuu> 
NOUTH eCXOAHEBHO NeyaTawtTca cxbsywomia Wea oObaBsxeHiz: 


AMO DOKYOATBIIEH HA 6°), cos2s7e22-7 


Semex. Banka. Anpec.: Hescxift, 4. 140—2, xp. 26. 


BBITMCAH. Go OBA3AT. 


Kpecr. nosem. 6-ka (cyMMa GespasxHIHa) 
Hepcxif, 140-2, kB. 25, aHdHO OTD 5-7 ¥. 








OqeBHAHO, 4TO YCHAIA DPABHTeALCTBA He UpOWadH AapoMb: Ha- 
MeACH KANHTAIHCTS, Ad KOTOPAaro «cymMMa OespasanqHa». [lopags- 
MOMY, OHS MOKCTL UIPHHATH Bb 8AA0rb XOTA Ob BCW PYCCKYH SOMIAD... 
Kpafize xapakTepHO MpH 9STOMb, 4TO Jake «BHIIHCaHHHA» 06983a- 
TCXBCTBA OSTOMY KANHTAXBCTY MOXHO NepesapaTs. Ob MOET HXb 
Upio6pbrath He «TOAbKO Bb DOPSARB HacKbAOBAHIS HAH BHABAA HHC- 
XOAAMHXE 010 sanncaMh». Iipu sce IpOTHBOSaKOHHOCTH TAKHX®d CA%- 
AOK'b, UPABATeABCTBO, OYeBHAHO, HHYETO NPOTHBL HHXD He AMBETS,— 
HHaye, BBAb, TpalOHAaIbHHED NaBHO Ob! ye BalperHXb 9TH OOt- 
aBleHig 4 Jaxe oMTpadosals 6 «Hospoe Bpema» 3a UpPHSHBE kb 
IpecTyuseHiAM's. 

IlpenatcrBid JAA CKYOUKH 30MIH Takb HAH HHAaYe ObIAH YCTPaHeHH...° 
Ho mpegctosz0 eme cOniTs ee. Sa6oTa 06% sTOMb NOABHJach BMBCTS 
Ch MHICIbO 06% aHrxifickHxE KanHTasHcTaxt **), [loBHABMOMY, TpaBR- 
TCALCTBO OfaCcal0ch, 4TO OaHKt, BsabOMih TpPOMAaHHMAH OpocTpag- 
CTBAMH SCMAH, MOKARCTCH HOAOCTATUIHO KpeXHTOCHOCOOHH MS KOMMEep- 
YOCRHMD I1O1aM'b. BO BCAKOMS CclyIah BeECCAD Cb OJAHEOMS EPOCTh- 
AHCTBAa ONIb JIA HHXb HagexHbe H yIecTh ero y HHXb 6wWAO AXerye. 
KpomB Toro, BaxHO O10 DPHBACYb KPeCTLAHCTBO KB yUxaTB mpo- 
NCHTOBb, TaKb KaAKb HHAGe OOAsATeILCTBA WEpPesb-IyPh CKOPO MOTI 
@KasaTbcd JAM WPaBUTeABCTBA HeMOCHIBAHMH. Haxnonems, Aaa yCubxS 





eee oe 


*) ~HoBoe Bpema“, 27 centa6pa 19035 r. 
**) Cu. ,Bapxesnia Bbyomoctn’, 26 asrycra 1906 r. 





HA OWEPEAHHIA TEMHI. 135 


pesoxnin HacbopoTs BaHO GHI0, ITO6OH BL OaHKOBCKYW JBepb pH- 
WyiHCh OW HE TOABEO DOMBINAKA, HO H KpecTbaHe. Takb HAM HHAaqe, 
HO H BD S8TOMD HalpaBleHin OWA UpexUpunATa pbUIMTeAbHAaS Mbpa. 
14 oxTa6pa 1906 roxa DAaTexH 10 ccyyaMb OHIH 3HadHTeIbHO 0- 
MERCHH: BMBCTO 5 p. 75 KOM., KOTOPLIe KPecTbane 10 DOs0meHIW 14 iwHA 
1905 r. JOIKHH OHI eero1HO DlaraTp co 100 py6. mpa noKynKs seman 
Cb pascpoykow Ha 55'/, abrb, yCTaHOBACH. NlaTemb BB 4 p. 50-KOT., 
GUHTAad BL STOM YHCI pocrs, Woramesie H pacxoqH 00 yupaBseHin. 
Camo co6oH MOHATHO, YTO DTY ALTOTY UpPHMWACCh pacupocTpakUtb Hu Ha 
BPCHHHXh SAeMMAKOBD Ganka. Kt sHayeniW ef Aad EDPeCTHAHCKATO 
macexeHia a eme BepHycb. Cefluach He AOCTAaTOUHO OTMBTATL, ITO TaA- 
WEcTh OOasaTeALCTBh, JOKAMAXb Ha TocyszapcTBb, Oxzarogapa elt, sHa- 
WHTOIBHO YBCAHYHAACh. «HeOcTaTokRb Bb CpeACTBAXb KPeCTBABCKALO 
G6aHka»,—a OHD JOIKCHE ObAb Cpasy AOCTHTHYTh SHAHTeAbHHXS 
pasmbpost H Cb kaxK10W BHOBb Upio6pbraemofi AecaTHHOH CTAHOBETHCA 
Bce 6o1bme Hw G6OxAbMe,—UpaBuTesbcTBO pBMALO <NONOIHATL 48h 
epelcTBb rocysapcTBeHHaro KasHayelicTBa». HHaye, BUpPOeM, H B3ATh, 
wbx, Herr. 

Yrasp 14 oxtTa6ps, kak MOKHO AyMaTb, 6n1b PxHaAbHOL TORCH 
BY pasBATiH TOTOBHOCTH [paBHTeALCTBAa Ha «KePTBH>,—Ha KepTBH 
Homfmuiei semsei Bb NVAbSY EPCCThAHD H OOMLerOcyAapCcTBeHHHIMEH 
peccypcaMH BB Dosssy nombmuKons. Ilocaxb toro, mpoxepmasimucs 
HBROTOPOG BPeMA HA ONHOMB YPOBH'B, o2Ta FOTOBHOCTS, MOBANHMOMY, 
6HICTpO NOMA Ha yOHAb H EB KOHNY Bropoh J\yMH, Kak, 4 T0BO- 
PHIL yHe, OCTalach, OMT MOET, TOIDEO Ha cHOBaXB. Ilo kpaiinefi 
Mbpb owen, cKOpO ocx pocuycka eToH JiyMH Hadald BHACHATECA 
SATPYIHeEHiA BE MOOHAUBANIM SOEMIH, O KOTOPHXB JO TOFO He YNOMH- 
H@NOCh HH CHOBA. | 

Okasagz0ch, 4TO Pactposama CKYNICHHOH SCMAH HJCTL A0-HeALSA 
meqxenHo. Ha 1 maa 1907 roxa Bakb caMuMb OaHROMS, TAaKb H UpH 
HOCpeicTBb seMACYCTPOHTCALHHX®S KOMUCCi#, OLIN 8alpokahHo EpPEecThA- 
Hams Bcero-Ha-Bcero 170.119 nec. u3b dHCAa 2.092.375 jec., RAKHMEH 
paciosaralb OH H& STO FHCdO. OTGacTH Bb JAaBHOMS cayyab ckasa- 
JOCbh BHXHJaTexbHOe DOloOmemie, KOTOpOe BaHBMAAa KPeCThAHCKAS 
Macca, OTIACTH—HECNOCOOHOCTh SCMICYCTPOHTCIbHHXE KOMMCCIA cupa- 
BHTLCS Cb NOPYYeHHHME BME FBAIOMS, OTIACTH CAOMHOCTS H Rake we- 
BEINOXHHMOCTh SCMICYCTPOHTCADHHXD, salayb, Kakif Ha HUXD OIA 
BOSAOKeHH. Burbcré ct Thwb O6HapyHHACCH, ITO UMBRIA, OCTABAACh 
BO Babe OaHka, TAWTh HHITORALH XOXO, COBCPUIeHHO HEeAOCTAa- 
TOUHHH f1d WOKPHITid MPHHATHXD HMB Ha CeOd OOs3ATEMLCTBL: BB 
1906 roxy KYIIeHHHIA OaHKOMS seman Jam 1,36 4 8a nepBHe Mb- 
eauH 1907 r. menbe 0,159. Cababuia sTH DPOHHEAH Bb WevwaTbh Bb 
mex0punbB inna 1907 r. upesp odumioshyn «Pocciw», KoTopaa 
SQHMCTBOBAIA HX U3 KYPHAIOBD COBBTA MHHMCTPOBD. IIpaBaa, BcKoph 
wecirb TOO MOABHIOCh pasbacHenie, Bb KOTOPOMb JOKASHBalOCh, ITO 
we 1907 roxy GankoBckia uMbHiA AaAyTED He MeHbe 3 p. 60 KON. 4, 


136 A. IBHIEXBHOBD. 


OHTh MOHCTH, Jame OOmbMe 00 pascyeTy Ha JecaTHHy. Ho H are 
AOMEHO OHAO COCTABHTS AHIIb TPH Cb HEOOMLIHME DPOMeHTa Ha Ka- 
NHTaxb, T. @. MOCTH BABO® MOHBIMC, YBMb IPHXOAHTCA IAaTHTS Ca- 
womy Oansy. Msp ctarba «Poccin» BayqHO OHJ0, ITO UPABHTeABCTRS 
IpHM@i0 KB MBICIH O HeOOXOAMMOCTH UpioOCcTaHOBUTh jAaIbAbawyp 
CKYNKY 8eMeAb H HANpaBaTb BCB CHAM Ha AHEBEAATi seMexIbHare 
OoHAa, T. ©. HATO, ITOOH XOTb YacTh UPOMCHTOBD 10 OOAsaTeAbCTBAMe 
MepexOKATh Ha KpecTbsHs. Bckopb, kaksb rosoparh, WbacTBHTeAbMe 
COCTOAAOCh pactopamenHie—0 CHXb Oph, eciH He OMmHOawcb, He- 
OTIameHHOe H HSBBCTHOG AHWIb M0 CAYXA8M%,—KOHMS OWAO Bpeaze- 
KeHO Oanky ¥ ero OTIbIcHIAMD OHIT OICHS ChepRawHHMH UpH Upé- 
o6pbrexix HOBHXt uwbHif. Hobag noanTaka Ganka OTpasHazach yxe 
Bb ud@paxt, XOTA MH AMBOMD “XD IHMb 00 1 ceaTaOpa: 3a DepBHe 
8 wBcanest 1907 r. 6aHKD OTKAOHAID NOKyORY uubuih Bb 623 cay- 
Waaxb H8_ OOmaro wncta 1716 pascMOTPbHHHXh HMB 88 STO Bpews 
npeyxomeai. ITO coctraBETb 36°/o, rorya Kagb 20 1 anBapa 1907 r. 
OTEASH Ganka Jain xHMb 9% (6828 oTKasoBb Ha 6810 pascwoTpbu- 
HEX mpesqsomenif). 

Onepris, HAUPAaBICHHAA HA CKYNKY DOMBINAIbUXh SOMeCIb, OFASH- 
BaeTCA TAaKHME OOpasoMb ye HCIEPNAHHOH. ITO, KOHETHO, HA NOHATHO. 
Iloxa On4a OMaCHOCTb, ITO KaseHHHA cyHAYED NBAMEOMS YCKOADSHETS 
A8b PYKb, MPABUTeEABCTBO C'S AETKAMS CePINEMS MOATHCHBAO BERCCLA 
H IpHHHMadO Ha rocyqapcTBeHAw cueTS OOa8aTeabcTBa. Ho teneps, 
KOrAa TpeBomBce HacTpoeHie MHHOBAaAO H BHACHHAOCh, 4TO WAAaTETS 
IpOUeCHTH UPHXOAHICH TOMY HC MPABHTCACTBY, YBCXHYHBATb HX 
CyYMMY, KOHCHO, eMy He xogeTca. He Mazo J01xHa 03a00"HBAaTD Ipa- 
BHT€IbCTBO H YULATAa BAXWTH 00 HMCHHHIMS OOs8aTexbcTBaM'b *). Ile- 





*) Ilo cpbabuiams Ha l inxa 1907 r. RMOHHHA OGazaTenBCTBA CcocTa- 
BUANH CBLIIMe DONOBHHH (580/)) BCBXd OATOBh, CABIAHHHIXE KpeCCTLAHCKEMS 
OaHkOMb nocié u3yania 3akoHa 21 mapta 1906 r. (okon0 170/, cocrapsan 
50/o-HHIA CBHABTCIBCTBA H OKOIO 25°/o-—oATH, NepeBeweHHHe BH3Ib APYTuxs 
SEMGILHHIX® OaHkost). Ha To xe IHCAO, cymTaA cb 3 HOROpaA 1905 roja, Gag- 
KOM paspbOeHO Kb DokyoKsb nombmnisea seman Ha 489 maxx. py6. H pas- 
pbmeHo ccyA KpeCThAHAaMD HA DOKYUKY HMH 3CMIH HENOCpeACTBeHHO Y Ho. 
MBMHKOBS Ha 139 MHIX. py6., ATOrTO Ha 628 Mua. py6. Cyaa n0 upaBexeR- 
HOMY DpOMeHTBOMY OTHOMICHID, HMCHHHA OOASATCNLCTBA COCTABATS BB oToOl 
cyMMB oKono 360 MHo. py6., MpH YeMb yDUAaTA DO HBKOTOPHIMS 3b HEXS 
HOUKHA HAYATLCA YR YEPe3b TPH-GeTHIpe roa. 

Hayo ckasaTb, 4TO Ha NOKpLITic YOHTKOBD KpPeCThAHCKaro 6aHka BS pac- 
’ MOpameHi MpaBHTeIbCTBa MOTYTS OKasaTbcd AOBONLHO Goubmia cpexctsRa, 
H&a KOTOPHA OHO, MOKETD ObITh, H pascIAHTHipato. Bagky nepeanhl, RAKE ws- 
BACTHO, YABIbHEA 3eMIH (20 1 oxtA6pa 1907 r., no cBbrbuiawe r. Kyraepa 
HX® Depeyano 594 THe. Jec., BCero Xe AONRHO NOCTYUHTE CBHIINe 2 MAAR. 
nec.) H NPA TOMB 00 WbHaMd ropaszo Gombe HESKHME (OKOXO 60 py6. aa xe- 
CATHHY), TBMDb OAHED TAAaTHTS 3a 1OMbBmBIH (118 py6.). Mource spews 
OCTAB&aIOCh HCBHACHOHHbIMS, 00 KAKHMD ISHAM) OaBED OYACTS UpORanare 
3TH 3OMIH KpecTbaHaMd. OdnniasbHHa OTBBTb Ha 3TOTH BOUPOCh AAS 
IHIIb Bb OCO6OMD xXYpPHAIS COBSTa MHHECTpoBS 8 hespana 1908 r. Oxasu- 
BACTCA, ITO OAHKDS Oy OTS UpOAABATh AXd 00 TSM KO WHAAMD, ITO H DOMBULRIbE- 





Ha OYEPENHHH TEMBL. 137 


PeMHCaTh STH BOKCeIA GyeTb, MOET OBITb, HE COBCBME HeTEO,—BO 
BCAKOMD Clyaab nepecpoywka HXxd SATPYHETS APyrid KpeAUTHEIA Olle- 
paniu. Memazy rbwb xeHErH, Kania uMBOTCA BL HAaIHWHOcTH u KaRia 
MORHO elle OyfeTh NOAYGATh BL EPOAATS, HYRHH Ha Apyria #ayzo6- 
HocTs. Bo BcskoMB cayaab Jake DOMBMAKAaMS 8TH ACHETH MOKHO 
lepexaTh Bb Apyro#, me yOuTowHo# dopm'’b, He yCTylasa 18% HHXS 
NOuUTH WhIOH 4eTBEPTH BCHKAMb—HE TOABKO OTCYCCTBEHHEIM, HO H 
HHOCTPaHHNMb—EaUaTatHcTaM’b. Caxapnoe me, uciesan nobympenig, 
KOTOPHA MOTAH OH 3ACTABATb I'paBHTeAbCTBO TepeOpocaTs Kb Kpects- 
AHAaMb SCMIN BL TOMS KOAHYCCTBB, BL RAKOMS SOTO ele HelaBHO 
TIpeACTaABIAIOCh HEA8OBRHLIMD: PeCBOAWNIA, BbIb, OROHIHZACH... 

Cb Daxeniemb pesor0nionHof BOHN HecpaBHeHHO OoALMyH clep- 
RaHHOCTh CTaIH UposBlaTh Hw DomMbuayngn. Ch 3 Hoa6pa 1905 r. no 
1 sHBapa 1907 roma OHH UpextaraqgH Bb CpeqHeMb emeMBCAIHO BD 
Wponamy 544 umbuia a 625 Thc. fecaTHHD; 3a TepBHe 8 mbcaleBD 
1907 roja oTH cpemHix yoann yo 309 awbaifi w 270 Tuc. JecaTHHD. 
Iipa sTOMb HaxO MMBTb Bb BUAY, ITO NepBHe MBCA STOO NOCIBA- 
HATO TOMA, KOLA UpOAOAKaNOch ele MeEXAYYMbe H Ha CHeHB Haxo- 
Angach AbRas JlymMa, OTAHYAIHCh CPaBHHTeAbAO OofkuMb UpeqoRe- 


OTOTh ,TOAapoKb* O KOTOPOMb Bb CBOC BPCMA TAKb WHPOKO ONOBScraan 
-HaceleHie ABKOTOPHE ANMABHCTpaTOpH, O60HTeTCaA TAKHMS 06pa3z0M> KpecTbh4s- 
HaMb He XemMeBie NOMBUWIbArO. [pH STOME HSIHMEH, KOTOPHe BLIPyYHTh 
OaHkb O6yAyT O6pamleHH Ha DOKpHTie OaHKOBCKBXb yOHTKoRb. CKoubKo 
YXBIbHOH seMIH ye NpOAanO kpecThbsHaMb, cBbAbHIA Y Hach HBTS, HO 
OYBHAHO, emle He MHOTO. Moxers OHITb, YA BABHHA 3eCMIH H DOKPOWTh Bb 
KOHOS KOHQOBD yOuITKH, KkKakie UpeACTOATh 00 BHasHHMbh ye OaHKOMb 
oOazaTeipcTrBam’b. Ho noka eTH YOHITKH DOKpHBAWTCH H3b OOmerocyyzap- 
CTBCHHHIXS peccypcoBs: m0 pocoucu 1907 r. Ha aTOTh upeyMeTh HasHaieHe 
3 MHA. py6., 00 pocnucH 1908 r.—7,1 man. py6. 

“To KacaeTca rocyAapcTBeCHHHIX® 8eMeb, 3HAYHTCAbHAaA YACTb KOTOPHXS 
TOME HASHAICHA Bb pachporwaRxy, TO MOCUBAHAA COBCBMD NOYTH HE ABHHYIAacb. 
Tio pascueTaM raaBHaro yupaBleHia seMIeyCTPOACTBA TAKHX’S 3eMeTb HahyeTca 
‘61/, MHI. HeC., H8b KOHXD SOMICYCTPOHTOIBHHIMD KOMHCCIAMD OWIO Tepe- 
AaHO CBHIMC MHINIOHAa Wec., HO HMH UpogaHo uo | oxTa6pa 1907 r. sBcere 
aHmb 11.338 yec.; Bc 2Ke OCTANIBHYW 30MIN OHH OKAZaJIHCb BLIHYKIGHEHME 
SKCUAYAaTHpOBaTh UYTEMB Cain BB apewAy. [lo pocuucnH 1908 r. ,orb upo- 
JiakH KpyneoH rocyzapcTBeHHod co6cTBeHHOCTH“ oOxHAAeTCH NoxoNa BCcero 
auinb 100 THe. py6., Up FeMB 0OAb ,KpyNHO cO6cTBeHHOCTENO~, KAKb O6b- 
ACHCHO Bb 3a0HCKS, pasyMBWTCH 36MIH, DpOaBaeMblA KPeCCThAHAMS Bb 
-CHAY ykasa 27 asprycta 1906 r. TakuMb o6pasoms, upudniau orb aTof pac- 
WpowaKs, CCHH H UPeACTOATS, TO BB Oy Tye. e 

Tosopa 0 pHObAAXh H ‘yObITKAXh, CBASAHHHXS Cb seMeIbHOW pehopMow 
He AHIIHC 6yJeTh HANOMHHTS, ITO Clile HOHSBEC?THO, HACKOILKO HCOPAaBHHMH 
TIATCIbUJHEAMH OKARKYTCA KPCCTLAHES. 

BooOme @uxaxcoBhle pesyAbTaTH NpeAUpHHATHXb UpaBHTeIbCTBOMD one- 
pani onpexbratca NOTOMD. Ykasbipad Ha HX YOHTOWHOCTh, A BOBCE He XO- 
Tbab CKasaTb, ITO UPABHTCNECTBO HO BL CHAAXdh OY ACTS ONAATHTL yO UpH- 
HATHA OOasaTeapcTBa. Moa MBICIb Apyrag: NpHHHMaTb Ha ce6~A aTH 06a3a- 
TENLCTBA BL HCOTPAHRICHHOMS KONHYOCTBS OHO HE CMOKETS, Wa H He 3amo- 
eT. , 


138 A. OBUEXOHOSD. 


wie. Oco6eHHO pb3ko Nocabagee WOIRHO GLAXO yacTb nocIb iwHb- 
ckaro MepesopoTa, Korga <syOpEi» yBBpHAKCh BL cBOeH nobbarb. 


Becuow, Kora MORHO OHIO 6H KAAaTb HOBOA BONHH CeIbCKOxOsAAiCTBeH- 
KHIXD 3a6acTOBORb, Bb 6aHKb DOCTYUHNO MHOFO HOBHXD uUpeqnomenifi. Kp 
i010 arpapHoe ABHReHie saMep10; ypoma Bb 3aToMb roxy xopomia, mba 
BHICOKIA; HAaOCKIH Ha TPOTLIO AYMY, ITO OHA YCTPOHTS AbAa rr. 1OMBUE- 
Kost Oorpmia. Tog Baianiemt BCBXD 3THXS OGCTOATCALCTBE perwoRenie 
3@MONL KPCCTLAHCKOMY OaHKy UpekpaTHIOCh; kKakb DAMYTb 43d KypcxKosi ry- 
GepHin, nOMBOIHKH Jaxe OepyTh oOpaTHO UpezNOKeHiA, CUBAAHHHA BE oe- 
pioxt sropof /lymu *). 


Bp nudpaxt, AOOuTHXxt r. KyTsepomb, XOTH OHB OXBaTHBawTb 
xumb 8 wbcanesb 1907 roxa, ye OTPasHAOCh 9TO NOMATHOC ABAReHie 
NOMBIMHKOBS. IlponexTh cAbAOKD, pPascTPOHBOHXCH AO pascmoTphais 
AXb Bb COBBTS Oanka, Bb TeyeHie HepBHXb BOCbMH MbcanesB 1907 
TOMa yBeAHIHIcd NOITH BB 1*/, pasa (11°/, wa 1 agBapa uw 15'/,°/, 
Ha 1 ceHta6pa), a DpONeHTb CABAOKS, pascTpomBMuxca BCrbActsBIe 
OTEA8a IposmaByeBh OCB TOrO, Kakb COCTOSIOCh yxe paspbumesuie 
Ganka, ymsonsca (14°/, Ha 1 sHBapa u 28°/, Ha 1 cenTa6ps). Emme 
pesbeabe sTO ABAcCHie BHICTYMHTS Mepelb HaMu, CCAH MHI YHCAO pas- 
eTponBmaxca Bb 1907 roxy cABAOKD CONOCTABHMD Cb YHCIOMB BHOBE 
SASBICHHHX®S Eb Upoqaxb uwbuilt: 


YHcXO pascTpOHBMAXCA CABIOED: 


lo pascmMoTpBHiA Bb COBBTB Oawka .......2.2... 769 
Beubrctsie oTkasa UpoyaBoeBb DocAS pasphmreg. Ganxoms 752 
Benbactbie oTkasa OaHKka...... oe ee ew we. «628 

Mroro .. . . 2134 
BHOBb sasBieHo Kb Npowamb uMBbHiA . 2... 2476 


TakHMh oOpasoms, ye Bb neppwe 8 whcsnest 1907 r. o6par- 
Hoe Teenie BL chepb moOurBsanin NoMbmMuIbeH 3eMIH DOYTH CpaB- 
HAXOCh 10 cBoe curb ch NOCTYNaTeAbHHIM’S. CxepHaHHOCTh, KOTOPy 
CTaXb OMPOSBIATL OaHKb Bb DOKYURS 8eMAH, 3 NOMBILHRH—BD Upo- 
Kaxb, CKaSHBaeTCa, KOHeIHO, BH Ha IWhHaxb. ConocTapiaa eHexKHHA 
Tpe6oBaHia IpoxaBooBS cb UpesAomeniama Ganka, r. Kytaeph mpH- 
XOJHTb Kb BHIBOLY, ITO «Cb TeYeHieM BpeMeHH TB H Apyria Bce 6o- 
abe aw Ooxbe pacxogatca». [lo wbpb Toro, kakb YMeHbMaeTca cTpaxs 
NOMBOLAKOBE epexb KpecTbaAHckOH Macco#, HXb allleTHTW BCe pa- 
CTYTb, & TOTOBHOCTS Oanka OesipeKOCIOBHO YXOBAETBOPATS STH amne- 
THTH, 10 Mbpb Toro, Kakb BIACHACTCA YORITOUHOCTh ero onepamili, 
BCe YMCHbINACTCS. 

Hopoe HallpabieHie Bb NOAMTHES Oanka H HOBOe TeYeHie BE nO- 
mbmgube cperb, oObsCHHeMHIA DORA BCCINBIO S9EOHOMHYCCRHMH CO- 
e6paxeniamMu, BpoATHO CkOpO MOAyYaTS H BeosOrHYecKoe ce6b oumpas- 
nanie. Tpepomsoe pasiyMbe—<4TO H8B 9TOro (T. ©. H3b ABOPAHCEOH 


*) C. H. TIpoxonosnys. ,Arpapable mnpaxn“. ,Topapams*, 31 oxradpa 
1907 r. 





Ha OYEPEAHHA TEMHI. 139 


UARBANAUiH) BHeTL»?—RKakBMb OXBayeHO OHx0 «HoBnoe Bpema» Bb 
19@6 r., yxe DpaBero raseTy BB HOSROps 1907 r. kb ROCTAaTOUHO OMpe- 
XBICHHLIMD BHIBOJaNb HacweTh «XeTKOMHCliA, OOYABMAarO HaWuxs 3e- 
uxeycTpouTeteH». Tasera ye TpOskTb «cTPallHHM'’b Taleniewh ceab- 
CKOXOsasficTBeHHOH KYILTYPHI> BCIBACTBIC «<IHEBHAANIH YWCTHOBAALbAb- 
WOGKHX®D semeib». HW mab KameTcs, ITO Bb UPABAMUXS Kpyraxt yxRe 
HaspbpaeTb PbMHMOCTh ABHHYTBCA aIbUle Bb OxpaHs BopsncKnol 
3@MCALBHOH cOOCTBEHHOCTH,—CIaCTH «KYAbTYPHHe OFarH» HE TOIbEO 
@Tb UPHHYAHTeIbHArO OTIyRACHIA, HO AH OTH CKYNKA, 0 OOpoBoab- 
HOMY corsameHiw. Ilapokcu3mt, He pasb yee OXBaTHBaBUil pyccKoe 
HpaBHTCIbCTBSO, KAR A AYMaW, OAHSORD... 

Kart 6 TO HH OBO, 3eMIEYCTPOUTeCIBHHA omepanin Ha TOMb- 
IMHYbHXE SeCMIAX', NOCKOABKY BOUPOCh KacaeTCH NAOMAIH HXb, MO- 
HHO CYHTATS, AyMaeTca MHS, AOCTATOIHO oOUpexbAnBMAMACS. Ecru 
BSATh UMBOMIACH ye DADPH, TO MH DOAyIBND Takie utoru. Ch 3 
Hes6pa 1905 r. yo 15 oxta6pa 1907 roqa KpecTbaHaMH RyMIeHO UpH 
coxbitctBiv, Ganka HeNocpescTBeHHO y NOMbmHEOBS 1.509.218 sec. *). 
Kpoub toro, mo 1 yexa6pa 1907 r., cormacHo oTaeTy semzeycTpoH- 
TeCAbHHXb KOMHCCi#, «8alpotahHO» KPeCThAHAaND H38b KyNAeCHHOH OaH- 
KOMD 30MiH 627.916 Jec., CINTAad Bb TOMB YHCIB A BallposwamH «Ha 
YCAOBIAXE DpesBapuTeabHoh apenan». Upusoya era Jana Eb OMHO- 
eOpasHoh equHuIS, MH HalijeMt, ITO KPCCTLAHCKOG SeMICBIALbHie Bb 
TeveHie «HOBaro Wepioga ABATCABHOCTH KPeCCTLAHCKarO Oanka» emem'b- 
CAYHO yReIHIBBaIOCh Ha 88 Thc. jAec. Bb tTpexrbrie 1901—19083 rr. 
KpecThaHe Upiodpbramm Kamyuh MBcaAI'b Bb CpeqHeMS O00 66 THIC. 
xec. TaxumMt o6pasomb, XOTA TEMII'b, KAKHM'S DPOHCXo_HIa MO6HIB3Aa- 
mia nombmnybeH SeMAH BB EpeCTbSHCKYW CTOPOHY H YcHUHIca, HO 
H@AbSA CKASaTb, YTOON OYSHH SHAYITeCABHO. AO cHxXb NOP He Habep- 
cTaHO ele TO saMefieHie Bb pactiapeHia MAOMasa KpeCTbSHCKAarO 
SOMICIOALSOBAHIA, KaKOG NpOHsOMIO BCIbAcTBie orpanHyeHia FhaTexb- 
HocTH 6aHka BB 1904—1905 rr. Ecan 6 onepania Ganka Bce Bpema 
MpOkOIRasHch BL TBXb pasM’bpaxb, Kakie OHH HMBIH BE 1901— 
1908 rr., TO KB HaYazy 1908 r. kpecTbaHe npicOpbin 6n 6oxbme 
seMIM, ISM MepeMszO Rb HUM Telepb, NocIB BCBXS DoTpacenili. 

BosMoxHO, 1TO BL Oaumahimie roxy, Oxaroxapa pacnposzaxb ban- 
KOMB e¢FO 3@MeIbHATO 8alaca, pacmiupeHie Mx0Malw KpecThaAHCKaro 
SOMACBIATbHIA GyACTE MpPOHCXOAHTS Ooxbe OnICTPLIMS TeMNOMS, XOTS 
EH Bb STOMB Heib8a ONT YBBPCHHHIMS, TaKb KAKb YCHACHHAA JHEBH- 
Ramin O@HEOBCKHXb SCMCIb MOMCTL CKAZATLCA SAMEIICHIOMS Bh 0- 
KYEES semeib KPeCThAHAMH HEMOCpeCTBeEHHO y NOMbmuKOBS. [lotoms 


*) Ota nudhpa BLIpamacTh KOMBYCCTBO seMIH, Ha DOKYOKY KOTOpOA pas- 
Phmeny ccyaH. HbkoTropha CXBIKH, KAKb HBBBCTHO, Docab Toro pascrTpan- 
Bawtcas. JibAcTBHTeIbHad Ke DAOMAaAb Nepemezmeh Kb KpecThAHAaMb 3eMIH 
weublie, HO OHA DOKa HeAsBecTHA. ita cpaBHHMOocTH 4a H 3a 190i—1908 rr. 
Gepy aHanornynynh nAdpy. 





140. A. ISMEXOHOFDS. 


Ke, OCXH HE MOCABAYCTb KAKAXE-1H60 HOBHXS Neptyphamih, KASEb 
TOHAeCTS CBOBME CTAPHMS, XOPOUIO yXC 3HAKOMHIMD HAMb, NYTEMD... 

Bs pollu pass a BHCKaSaIb Apexgos0ReHie, ITO SalepTad co 
BCLXb CTOPOHb KEPCCTBAHCKAA MACCAa, MOHCTE OLITS, H KHHETCA elle 
BB O6aHKOBCKIA ABepH. BosMomHO, ITO H BYBCh NOAVYIHTCA TABOR xe 
BaTOpb, Kako noszywnaca BB 1907 Tr. OpH BHXOT Ha BOADHHA SOMES. 
Ho kb TOMY BPeMeHH PacCKPNTHA Telepbh HacTemb ABepH, BbpPoaTao, 
Mpaspowrs. OcTanetcs AMD He6oxbwoe OTBepcTie, 4a H TO IPH CAY- 
qab 8aXxAONHyTD... 

Tosopa KOpOTKO, NOXYWHTCA KapTAHa, KAKD BB cKaskb: «<dypasb 
H alia». 

—- HbBrb,—ckamxeTh NOMBOIHIbA 8CMAA MYAAKY, PBUABOeMYCa Ha- 
KOHEIB COgeTAaTECA Cb He SAaKOHHEIMD OpakoMh,—Tellepb A pasay- 
mada... | 


Aba0, OHAKO, He Bb KOANYeCTBS,—BO BCHEOMB CAyIab He Bb 
HEM OJHOMS... Pbmasch MepeOpocHTh SHAIHTCALHYW WACTh 3CMIH Bb 
KPCCTbAHCKYW CTOPOHY, IPaBUTeAbCTBO TucTaBHs0 BAB ceOB A Kaw- 
CTBCHHO HHYH saxayy, ThME KakOH CIyRAID EPecTAAHCKIA Oaueb BD 
mpemuee Bpema. Cuntagd HeOOXxOABMHIMS OCIa0BTb AaBseHie RPECTRAH- 
cKoH semeaxbHol HYXIH Ha CylecTBywmi NOpAXOKS, OHO meras0 
BMbCTB Ch ThME COB81aTb 8& CIeETS ycTynaeMOH seMAH KPBUKArO Kpe- 
CThHHHHA, PAaCIHTHBad HATH OOTOMD Bb HOM OMSOTh AIA CBAIMOH- 
HOH coOcTBeHHOCTH. 

Hanomaw, ato sto nocabanelt mbxbw MpaBHTeAbCTBO 3aaxOch 
CPaBHHTeAbHO oszHO. Boso6soniaa A paciiupad onepallia KPecTeag- 
CKaro Oauka BB 1905 roxy. OHO, KAKB & YHO TOBOPHYS, eme He 
HMBIO KakOrO 2H60 onperbseHHaro H Thu Gorbe crpofnaro H SaKOE- 
“weHHaro arpapHaro nazana. KomMeatapys aktw 3 Hog6pa, rp. Barre 
Bb CBOCMS <ipaBHTeIbCTBeEHHOM’S cooOmesin» Npawo nacars: «Jass- 
Hbimia MBps Bb OTOME HallpaBzeHia He MOTTE OHTS OnpeAbACHHO 
ykasaHhl Bb HacTosmee Bpema». CBon cooOpamenin OTHOCHTEABHO 
STHXS JAIbHbAMAXE MBPb, UpaBuTesbcTBo OGbmjax0 mpescTaBHTs I['o- 
cyfapcrseHHoH Jlywb, <H OTS HaposHHXS HeOpaHHABOBh, Bb cpexs 
KOHXD OYAYTS H EKPCCTHAHG, HAAJY WMC HCTOXROBATCAH CBOHX HYRKb, 
JOXKHO 8aBHCbTbL—necarh rp. Burre—oupeybsenie HanGorbe coot- 
BBICTBYOOIHXS BL AJaHHOMS cAyaab mbpoupiatii». Ho «<HapoxHEnTS 
HSOpaHHHEaMB», KOrN& OHH cOOpagdHCb, ckasaHo On0, KaEb MH 
3HaeMb, ye Apyroe. «<Paspbulenie ostoro (Tr. e° alrpapHaro) BOlpoca 
H& Wpeqmoxzoxensawxt TocyxapcrpesHow Jymow ocHopaniaxb—3a- 
ABHIO IPaBHTCABCTBO BE CBOeH ACKAapanin—GesyCXOBHO HEAOTYCTHMO> 
BL kavectBb «Hany WHXt ACTOAKOBaTeAeH» KPeCTLAHCKHXE HYRAb 
BLICTYMHAH BCKOPB Nocab Toro ABOpaAHe, KOTOPHe H OOACEAH ABEbYBE - 
uid COOOpameHia IpaBHTeAbCTBa Bb PopMy cTpoitnaro H 8aKOHYEHHALO 
niaHa. Hayo, oXHak0, CKa8aTb, ITO STH AaAbWbAMia coobpamenia oxa- 
-2VIHCbh HE BIOAH'B COPtaCOBAHHHMH Ch NepBOHAYaAbHHME. 





HA OJEPEXBHSA TEMB. 14! 


Tro6h ocia6uTb cHay arpapHaro ABuRxeHis, HYKHO OHIO JaTb BH- 
XONb Han6oxbe SesnoKoHHow yacTH HacereHis, T. €. MaJOSCMCXbHHINS 
mu Ges3eMOALHHIMD KDOCThAHaMb. ITAMD COOOpaxeHiems HU OOBACHAETCA 
XapakTepsb ABTOTS, KAkia OWIn UpexocTaBlJewH 13 HosOpa 1905 roza. 
IlpemwAymlad MpakTHKAa EPeCTBAHCKarO 6aHka JOCTATOYHO ACHO N0- 
Rasala, 4TO CAaBleHHad seMeIbHOH HymAOH JepeBHA OXOTHO ToTOBa 
BOCHOABSOBaTECS axe GOakKOBCKHMH ABepaMH, TOOH BUiiTH Ha nO- 
WhIIHUbD 8OMXN: KPCCTbAHG PBAAHCLh BD 9TH ABepH, He BBAPAA Ha 
SOMOZDHHIA WBHH, KOTOPHIA OHCTPO POCIH, H He CUHTAHCh Cb OaHKos- 
CRHMH [laTekaMH, KOTOpPHe, HE pasb MBHAAA CBOe NpONeHTHOe OTHO- 
menie Kb CCYAaMb, BCC YBOAHIHBAIUCh 10 pascyeTy Ha AecaTHHY. Hearn, 
GTO H CA@PHKABAAO EPCCTHAHD, TO TOABKO AONAATH. JonycTuBE yRa3Z0Mb. 
3 HOSOps BHIAIyY CCyXb Bb OOIHOMS pusM bps onbaRY, UpaBATeALCTBO. 
AOCTATOUHO MIAPORKO OTEPHAO ABeps. OHO paspbmMHIO BHXOXb Bb STY 
CTOPOHY—Takb He, KAaKb H HA BOIBHHA 3CEMIU—«BCBMS KeABWMEMD... 
Ges WpesxBapaTedbHaro ObcabsOBaHiA HX SKOHOMHYECKOH CocTORTeID- 
HOCTH>, EKAakOBOG OaHKOMD MpOHSBOABAOCh BB PopmB AoNAaTs. Tome 
SHayeHie MOTO HMBTB H pacutapenie onepanmift OaHka no nokyuR. 
SeMIH 8& CBOH CueTS, TAKS KARb UpOAaBaTh EPecTssAHaMs Npiobps- 
TaeCMLA TARHMD OOpasoMh SeCMAH OAHKb, H NO IPeCRAHUMD upaBulans, 
MOF O85 JOUATh Cb AX CTOPORH. 

PascyeTH IUpaBHTeAbCTBa, MOCKOAbEY OHO CTPeMHAOCh OTBICUD 
EPCCTLAHD OTb MONNTORS paspbMuTb arpapHwf BOUpOCR ApyraMn 
enocoOaun, He BHOAHS oupasrzasach. Ipasza, onepanin Oanka Oncrpo. 
PaclHpuABCh, H BL TeveHie ABYXb ABTS KpecTbave upiobpbax upH 
ero comblictsind, Kakb MBI TOZbKO 4TO Buyban, 1'/, mua. JecaTHHS. 
Ho ora pasm'bpnt OankOBCEAX’ Onepani,—Tb me camble, Kakie 6aHKB 
mMbit BE 1901—1903 r.,—kOHedHO, He COOTBBTCTBOBAAH TOMY BO8- 
GYRICHHOMY COCTOAHIN, Bb KAKOMD HAXOMHAACh KPECTbABCKAA MACCaA, 
HB TOMY CTPAaCTHOMY CTpeMAeHIW, KakOe UPOABAIA OHA, ITOOH pacniA- 
PHT DA0Matb CBOeTO BEMACHOALBSOBAnIA ApyruMuH cuocodamy. HM um 
SHACMS, ITO NOCAB TOTO KPeCTLAHCTBO ASACTBHTCIbHO crbAaIO eme 
ABS NOUBITEH JOORTECA BeMIH, He UpAObraa ub combiictBiw Oauka, a 
HMCHHO: BE 1906 roxy UpH DOMOMA CeabcKOXO3sHCTBCHHHXD sa6acro- 
BOE, OXBaTABIIEXS SHAGHTeCIBHYH YacTb Poccia, uw BB 1907 roxy upH 
nocpesctBs OesyActeHHHXb DOAROLOBb, KAKMMH OSHAMCHOBAINCh ISTO 
HM OceHB 9TOFO rosa. 

Bs TBxL xe Upexblaxt, Bb KAKHXb UpaBUTeABCTBY YaxOCb OT- 
BCU, BHHMAHie KPeCCThAHS, NpelUpHAsTadA HMB M’bpa, HeECOMASHHO, 
Rasa pesyapTaTH. CocraBh giieHTOBD Oanka DOocab 8 HonGpa 1905 r. 
SAMBTHO HBMBHHACKH. YCHIBIOCh CTpeMAeHie NOKYUaTb 8eM1I0 IBIIMY 
oOmecrBamnA. Iloapsyach cababuiamu r. Kytaepa, MH MOKeN cocTa- 
BHTb Taky TAaOIHIKY: sadBrzeHift O NOKyYOKB seMAH NocTyNHIO 





142 A. IfBDJEXOHUB'b. 


z & 

H gs. €38 6 

Ilo pascsery wa Toys: e Sa HS 2 

25 23 & 

& 

& 658 65& s 
By uepions 1901-1908 rr. 2. +. ew 457 5.708 2.033 8.196 
> > cb 3 Hoa6. 1905 r. no 1 cent. 1907 r. 1.354 6335 1.861 8.668 
PasHHna BB Dponeutaxb ...-+ 196 —7 —8 +4 


CpeaH TOBaPHULECTBS YBeCAHYAAOCh YHCXO KPYUHHXb. AHAIBSHPYA 
WuDpoBA JaHabis, r. Kytsepb UpHMedt Kb BUBOAY, ITO H NO CBOel 
4WHCACHHOCTH, H 10 XapakTepy HCOPAaLIHBAeMHIXd CCyab <Bb pahoHaxs 
HaHOo1bMaro COpoca Ha SeMAN TOBApHOleckia cXbAKH UpHOABMAawTcA 


‘EB OOMCCTBZHHEIMD»... 


Taku O6pasomh, JONYCTHBS Bb Upiodpbresin noMmbulw well sein 
«BCSXb Kea WUXS Geos ueesBapuTerabHaro OGcab OBAHiA HXB BEOHO- 
MHSeECKOH COCTO#TeIbHOCTH», NpaBHTeIbCTBO TBMb CaMHMb YCHAELO 
COAMJApHOCTD Bb epeBH's. Camo coOo NOHATHO, ITO Bb eFO «Jarb- 
Hbiimia» cooOpaaenia 910 He BXOAHAO. Jla a MO CyMecTBY NOcTaBIeH- 
Had HMDL DOTOMb ce6b sagaya Onlaa coBepmleHHO HHagd. jAAa Tore, 
YTOOH CO3MATh <KPBOKALO KPECTDAHHHAa», KOTOPHH HYKeHD IJHMb Bb 
KaqeCTBB «<O010Ta», HeALSH JIOAHHMATb YDPOBeHb BCell KpeCTBAHCKOs 
MACCH, TaKb K&Kb CCH BCI e€@ NOAHATD H& OTY CTYNeOHb, TO Asa 
HOMBOLREOBS, Cb OAHOH CTOPOHH, HHYETO He OCTIHETCH, a Cb Apyroi— 
<OUIJOTOMB> SallHajaTsca 6yxeT> He OTB KOTO. WM He BHYO,WO cosKa- 
BaTb <KPBOKATO KPCCThAHHHS>, NOJHBMA8d CAMHe HHBH KPeCTLAHCEArO 
HaceieHis: CAHDIKOMb MHOTO HYHHO NOTPAaTHTh 3CMIH H CPeACTBS, 
uTOOH YOPOIRTS DoOAoMeHie GesseMeIbHHXd H MAAOZCMEALHHIX'S. [pone 


CoOpath JAM STOTO CABBEH CB TelepeMAsrO KpecTbsHcTBa... Axb serge 


TIpCTBOPHTb Bb MAC10, KOTOPOe HYRHO Ha cayyal HapoAHOH OypzE. 

Tloatomy, korxa «Xasbubimia» cooOpamenia OCIOMHHIA NOLMTERY 
IpaBHTe.AbCTBa, TO OTb MEICAH MOJHATh YpOBOHB BCe MACCLI UpHMA0cs, 
XOTH H HE Cpaay, OTKasaTEca. HW BB TOMS, ITO HYHHO HAalbsaTh Oes- 
3CMOAbHLIXD H MAIOSCEMCADHHIXS, KARD CHABHSE APYFHXb BOARYWULAXcA, 
UpHMI0ch Bb KOHO'S KOHQOBS ycyMHuTbcA. Cb ORnOH CTOPOAH, OyHTH, 
KaKb SaABHAB fr. CToHNHED BB TpeTbef lym, He ycnOKORBamTca 
noqaukama... Cb xpyro, «<crpemazenie HaybauTs BCBXD HeHMYMEXs 
KPOCTbaHb 3eMieH, — Kkakb OObACHHIDb OAHHD CAHOBBHES, — kone URE, 
OCYMCCTBHTBCH He MOKeTS. UeAoBhKB NOMKeHb, — 00 TelepenleaMs 
CuvOpaxkeHiaMh 9TuUr0 CaHOBHUKAa,—HMbTb 4TO-HHGOYIb, KpoMB CBOHX®S 
ABYXb py&b, YTOOM OLIT AemAeMbabyeM'b». ‘CanOBHHKD Jake B3JOXH}Ib 
upy stomb: «<ITo me AbiaTb, eCIH TaKOBb X0jb UcTOpiA! ». 


Hecaactie Poccin,—npox0.12Kanb OHb,—MOKETH 6LTh, Bb TOME H COCTOETS, 
‘ITO HO CHXb NOpb BCH Opa BUTCAbLCTBEHHAA NOJATAKA CTPOHAACh Ha JomHek 
COHTHMeHTadbHOocTH ['010.1b 4 HYKAa ABIAWTCA BOIAKUME YUHTeISMN. A sTHXS 
TO yiuTeled AO CHXb DOpPb BCENH MBpaM@ CTapadhCh YCTPauUuTh oTd Hapogza . 
HupoAb passpaTHica AaposiiMH KopMexkamu. Heabsa Bcbxt PaBH.ITb 10 aE 








HA OYEPEAHHIA TKMML. 143 


MIeHCKOMY Hazy. Hanporust, ciabyzAyersb BBecra Apyroe pasBdHeHie: 00 Gorat- 
eTBy, 10 ycepzin, no Tpyz0mw6in. IIpasuTeabcTBeHHYiO DOMONIL crbyyers 
HAUpaBIATh Be Bb CTOPOHY OrHn6awMuxt, MAJOCHIbHHIXd BIOMOHTOBB, & 
HaUpOTHBd, Bb CTOPOHY NOAHHMAWILUXCA CAaMOTBATCILHLIME TPYNOMb, CKOUH- 
JOMOBL, HACTOAIIHXD xosseBh. [lycTh Tamb pasHble Gesqomane H OessemMerb- 
HHe HAYTbh Kb HHMD Bb Oatpaks. KoneqHo, OHNO OH, MOET OWITb, HE 10- 
AHTHYIHO CO CTOPOHH! UPABATCABCTBA S8AXBUTL O6b BTOMD BO BCeyCINManie, 
BL OcoGeHHOCTH Telleph, KOrqu BCS HOCATCH Cb MYRUKOMS, KAKD Cb DHCAHOH 
top60oH. Ho Toubko TBepAOA, TyRAOA BCAKHXD AOHXKHMIXS CAHTHMCHTOBD, MO- 
KT OLITh HACTOAMIAA LOCYAapcTBeHHaA DONHTHKA BO BCBXB BONpocaXxt, a 
Bb OCO6eHHOCTH Bb 3OMCIbLHOM?D *). 


Hackoabko ota coohpasenia ycirbad MoBliaTh Ha Mocperwuyeckylo 
RbATCAbHOCTS KPeCCTLAHCKAarO OaHka, MbI He SHaeMS, HO JHKBH Talia 
CKYDICHHHXS IMS CaMHM SOMCIb, HAWABIMNAACA suhanTexsH0 1o3ske, 
TpOHCXOAu"2 °: NPOHCXOAATL Bcen'bio OA uxd BAiAHiew'’s. 

Bune 4 yHOMAHyAB ye, YT) Ha l-e uaa 1907 Vr. usb OankoL- 
GKarO OHNa, COCTOAPILArO U3b 2 MHAI. Dec. CAMMKOMB (He cAuTad 
YXBIBHOK 3eMaAH), Oula0 Banposano Bcero 170 THC. Jec., T. €. OKOAO 
8°/,. UWocab toro mupabuTerbcTBo UpesqupunaIo mwbint pays MBps, 
UTOOH YCKOPATD pacnpoxaay **). Cpequ otaxb mbpoupiati#t nanOoxbe 
BamHoe 3HaxeHie,—cyis, uo Kpafnell mbpb, 00 OT3HBaMb ouniars- 
HoH uw odaniosHo mevaTH,—un'bio yapemgenie coBepmeHHO He Upexy- 
CMOTPBHHEIXS 8aR0HOMS BPeMCHHHIXD OTUBACHIA COBbTa KPeCTLAHCKATLO 
Ganka. Ilocabasia — kamyoe Bb COCTaBB Tpexb Jub ***) — Only 


*) <Bb aqMNHHCTPATABHHIX® kpyraxh». <PBub>, 30 oxra6pa 1907 roya 

**) BL pany dTHXb MBPT He MAIO MOXHO OHIO OI YKasaTL COBEPIeHHO 
SKCTpaBaranTHHix. [IpecnoByTad TelerpaNMa, pasoclaHhad Bb cpeqHHS inna 
BSEMICYCTPOHTCALHHIME, KOMHCCiAMD, KOeH MpeAUMCHBalOCh OPOHSBeCTH JK- 
BHAalin seMeIbHaro OKRA ,Bb Teyeuie Hacroarlaro moneBoro nepioza“, 
ABIACTCH NAMeKO He CHHCTBEBNLIMS Nepsomb. Ykaxy ele xoTA OH Takoi: 
HBKOTOpHe H3b DOHTPAIbHHXDS PYKOBOANTeNeA HALYMAIH CTABHTh OTS STKH 
110 DATHOaNIBHOH cCHcTemMB MBCTHHIMb SOMMCYCTPOUTe.1AMb, KEIAaA NOOYMHTb 
HX TAKHMD DYTEM Kb Sombe VHOPpruIHOMY BLIDOAHCHINO NexANLHXb Ha HX 
o6asaHHocteh. Jiucposunia, o6baBreunad (cw. ,Pbuib‘, 22 gexabpa 1907 r.) 
Ha HHABMIA TO1b, TORE, KAK'> A TYMAW, AOMKAA ObITD OTHECEHA Kb DeplaMh 
GwpokpaTuyeckoH anepria H pacnoopayutenbHOCTH. JTOA AucnosnoieH mber- 
HHIMb 3O€MICYCTPOHTCALHLIMb YIPCKICHIAMD Npenowauh Takia yKasauia: Kb 
1 espana OMKHH OITA BHIACHOHHI KOMHYCCTBO H pO NpeAcTosAMlAxb 
SOMICYCTPOHTCILELIX® padors. Kt 10 hespana ybaquan komuccia pascMa- 
TPHBACTh NOKAANL OOb ITOMS WH YCTAHABIBBACTS OOMIA Oauy padoTs. Jlo- 
KUalbl H UpeAcTaBAeHIA yYB3qHHXb KOMHCCIA He NoazayHbe 15 hespana upex- 
cTaBiawrca ryOepHaTopy...° HT. 4.—ayTb HE 10 YacaMb—BNI0TS NO TOPO, 
EQk>b ,YTBCPRACHHHA N1anb paooTs no ry6epHik cooOmaetca kb 1 anpba 
Bb KOMATCTDS 00 3eM1. Th1aMb“. 

***) ilo OMHOMY OTB Kax7aro H8b Tpexd BAAOMCTBS, YIACTBYWULNXD Bb 
semneycTpoicTBS. Jlo1kenb, BUPOYM'’, OTOBOPHThCA, ITO OHO H3b BpemMen- 
HEIXDS OTAbIenib, HanOorbe DoTOMb NpocraBuBileeca, COCTOANIO H3b ITH PCXd 
aHHOoBb. He 3sHan, Bb CHIY KaKHXd coodpaxenifi, Kpomb upercTaBuTereh BB- 
AOMCTBB, Bb HETO OHNb BEAMICHS HAaIaIbHHKD YyUpaBJeHdiA NO WbraMd @ 
BOHHCKOA noBAHHOCTA, Kyroxub-HcHonoapckia. Momxetb ObITA, 21a upunaania 
BOHHCKArO WyXa, ,KapaTeIbHHMS IKCUCTHMIAMb", KAKb YHHOBHHKA UpO3sBata 


144 A. TSMEXOHOBD. 


KOMAaHIHPOBaHH Bb pasiHIHbis ry6epHik, Bb KOTOPHXE cocpexeTOIeHO 
HaHOosbmee KOJHYCCTBO IPMAasAAemKaMexb Oanky seMedb, Ch OFCHS 
MIHPOKHMH HOAHOMOYIAMH 10 GacTH sewAeycTpotcrBa. Kpomb ycropenisz 
paciposaxkH, OAHY H3b TAAaBHHXb 3afa7b BPCMCHHHXE OTKbAeHIH co- 
CTABASI0, DOBHABMOMY, OUHAKOMICHic MBCTHHXE YHHOBD Cb BEAAME H 
1aHaMH UPABHTCABCTBA, SAABASTb 0 KOTOPHXS «BO BCeycAnMasie 
6H10 Ob, MOKeETS ObITL, HE NOAHTHIHO>. 

loasanmiiica BB cpexquHb aaBpapa 1908 roga <O6soph xbaTesb- 
HOCTH YBSAHHIXD SCMICYCTPOHTCALHHX®D EKOMHCCIH 3a DepBH Tox HX>b 
CYMeCTBOBAHiA» COAepKATE Bb ce6b HBEROTOPHA HTOTOBHA AQHHHA 
NO XHKBHAalid SeMesbHarO POHAa, H MHI TAKEMS OOpasoM MOMEMb 
TeHepb CyAHTb O pesyAbTaTaxt MpOsBACHHOH MpaBHTCABCTBOMD SHEpTin. 
Hagjo, BUpOweMS, CkasaTb, ITO OOSOPh Bb SHAYHTeIBHOH ero ACTH 
COCTABICHD <«<Bpoxb we NofMeMb»>,—H He HOTOMY, ITOOH y cocTa- 
BaTexeH ero He 6H20 Goxbe JeTAaIbHHX>) AAHAWXS. «Mab UpHMA0Ccs,— 
TOBOPHTS LT. KyTACPb,—OBHAKOMHTECA Ch STHMD MATEPIAIOMS Bb BEXS 
CBOXHHXS NOryOepHCKHXh TaG6sHITb, H BS OTHXS TAOABNAXh A HAllelt 
MHOrOe, 0 YOM OTICTE COBeEpMeHHO ywaxyeBaeTL» *). Ho Koe-9T0 
MOSHO H3BACU H HBB OTYETA. 

Jlo 1 yexa6pa 1907 royxa, semaeycTpOHTexbHHMH KOMACCiAME E 
oTAbseHiaMH Oanka On0 BAaNpOAaHO 627.916 Aec., <¥TO COCTABAReTS 
10 OTHOMeHIO KO BCeMy seMeaLHOMy QoHay Ganka Ha 1 imag — 
26,6°/,» **). Ho <BB gucao 627.916 jecaTHH BEAWICHH, —FroBOpATcs 
BE <Q6s0pb»,—H 8eMIH, 3a0POaHAbld Ha yclOBiaxh UpesBapHTeAbHOk 
apeHIE». 


BuisBavo oTO OH10—4HTAeMD MEI DaNbMle-—THMb OGCTOATOALCTBOMS, ITO 
KOMHCCIH H BpeMeHALIS OTABIEHIA COBbTa Oanka He DPH8HAaBaAH BOSMORAHMS 
BHaBaTh Tavuhia 10 OCYNICCTBACHIA KPeCCTbAHAMH TBXb ycuoBii NOKyIUKR, 
KOTOPHIA Obl YCTAHOBICHH Bb OBIAXD 3OMACYCTPOHTCALHHIXD Hw OGesTeIeHIs 
WpowwoctH CABIOKD. Takb THNAaN, KOAMS 3CMIA UpOjapazach Ha ycxoBik 
NepeceteHif Ha Hee, BHIWAaIa AAHHLIXD Oba OTCPOYHBACNA JO MOMEeHTA Depe- 
HeceHia ycaze6Hoh ocbanocta. PaBHLint o6pasoMb Cb kpecTbAHaNH, O6msag- 
BHIMH DPOMATh NO NOKYOKH OaHKOBCKHXS 3OMCIb CBOH HAaABIN BAH HOHMSD- 
HMA BOSMOHHOCTH BHECTH DpPHIBTaWMliACd Cb BHXD 2aXaTOURblA eHLIA, 
coBepmeHie AAHHHIXS OTKMATLBAIOCh JO BLINONHeHIA OSHAYCHHHXDb ycxosid. 


ish eTOrO BHAHO, ITO «Bb ycorOBiaXt MpeqBapHTesbHOH apenAb 


a eer ee — 





»BpOMeHHLIA OTZbieHia", MOIKeCHCTBOBABMIA MERAY NAPOINME DOATAHYTL 
MBCTBHXD seMseycTpouTened. CopapeaqmHBoctTb Tpedyerbh oO4uAaKO OTMBTATS, 
4YTO BPeMeHHIA OTABAeHIA HE TONbKO ,,KapadH’, HO KH ,MENOBaxm®. ToTb 26 
r. Kyxkoab-AcnouonbcKifi HCxoqaTaAcTBOBaAb MIEPOKO ONOBBICHHYW TOTOM> 
ONaroMApHOCTL XCPCOHCKHMD JEMICYCTPOHTCNAMD ,8& YCHACHALIC H YCOBOAHE 


TpyQb Bb 3TOMb BAKHOMD TOCyAapcTBeHHOMD ASI‘. (Cu. ,Pycs*, 1 aprycra 
1907 r.). 


*) ,Pbib*, 23 anpapa 1908 r. ° 

**) Ilo caBabuiams r. Kyraepa (cu. Pycckyso Muicab*) ga 1 oxrra6pa Bb 
pacnopaxenin Oauka Haxogudoch 3.308 thc. nec. IIo ornomenin xb sToa 
Hu}ph sanpotapbuad 3OMIA COCTABIAAR AHDIb 19°/o, 





HA OUBPEQBEIA TEMEI. 145 


SCMIX MOMCTh OCTABAThCA JOBOALHO JOITO: HE TAKS AeTKO BSL Depe- 
HeCTH ycayeOHyW OcbAIOCTE HAH HalitH BB ceOb phmuMOCTD MpOAaTb 
HAaNbAbHYW SeMIW, KOTOPah yee <OKYNIeHa», H WepeceAHTbCA Ha TY, 
ROTOPyH elle JeCATEH ITS BHKYNaTS upuyetcs. «<Henmbiwomie Bo0s- 
MOMHOCTH BHECTH NPHIBTAWMIACd Ch HUXS 8alaTOUHHA AeHLIu» TORE, 
MOKCTS ONT, HE CKOPO HalixyTh UX’. 

CEOIBKO S8CMIH 8alpOfaHO Ha YCIOBISXS UpelBapATesbHOk apesAH, 
«<QO6soph» He roBopuTs. «Booze odopMeHHne JOKYMeHTH JIA BH- 
atH BS EPBUOCTHOME NopsyRB AaHHHXb» MpelcTaBleHhl Bb OTKb- 
neHia Oanka Ha 403.292 yec. Ecaa sty 3eMIN CUHTATh OKOHYATeCIBHO 
SallpoqaHHoH, TO NO OTHOMeHIN KB Pou,y Ganka Ha 1 oKTaOpa ona 
COCTaBHTS Bcero 12,2°/,. CkolbKO SeMIH (AaKTHYECRH MepesaHo Epe- 
CTLAHaMb,—BE <O630pb» Tome HBTS cBbybaii. Bs nory6epHcnax, 
me Tadrmnaxt r. Kytaepb Buybat, 1TO “8b 1.269.000 xec., koTopHa 
JOIHHEH OH IJHEBHAMPOBAaTb SeMICYCTPOHTCABHHIA KOMUCCiu (Hesa- 
BHCHMO OTb oOTXbeHifi Ganka) NepexaHO KPeCThAHaM'’ TOIBEO 97 THI. 
NecaTuHb nau 7,6°/,. «CymecrByers,—ropopuTp r. KyTaepb,—mbaniit 
payp ry6epHit cb mupoKO pasBHTowW onepanielt Ganka 10 MOKyNEB 
YACTHOBAANBIBYECKUXS HMBHI, BH KOTOPHXD WOKYOMUKAMS He llepe- 
AaHO HH OJHOK JeCHTHHH» *). 

TakuMb o06pas0Mb, HeCMOTPa Ha BCH UPOABICHHYW Onepril, seMiA 
WepeABHralach Kb KPeCCTbAHaM’, MOBHJHMOMY, BCe-TaKH OYeHb MOS- 
azeHHo. WH Heib8Hh Cka3zaTb, Bb KakOH ACTH OHA MepeABAHYAACh OKOH- 
YaTCIBHO: 10 8a0pONaHHHMb yiacTKaMb OaHKOMb MOAyIeHO Bb 3ala- 
TORD JHMM 2°/, mpoxamnot mba. Takb Rab OTO cpelusad nAdpa— 
@ ObNH, KOHeEQHO, H KOJeOaHia,— TO, ONITD MORETH, He Oe30CHOBa- 
TCALHH CHYXH, YTO SCMICYCTPOHTCIH CIHTAWTS SalposaHHol 3eM40, Kab 
TOABKO HAHLYTCA KPCCTLAHE, HSELABAAWMIe TOTOBHOCTh «<8alHCAaTh> ee 3a, 
co6ow. Karb 6H TO HH 60, 2°/, MpoqamHOH WHHEI STO COCTaBAReTB 
MCHbING NOJOBHHH emeroqHok apeHyHOo naaTH. HaybaaTs kpecThaAHS 
MOXHO O10 ObI, KOHEWHO, A Oe3b sazarKa, HO BbAb Gane’ KOMMEpYeCKOe 
yipexyenie, KOTOpoe CUbMATL 3alposaTh seMIW, TOOK BOsMBCTUTE 
CBOH YONTEKH,—H HeH3BBCTHO ele, HACKOIbEO UPOGHLIMH OKaRYTCA 
CXBIEH, KOTAa OH, UPHCTYNHTS Kb TAaKOMY BOSM'bOeHiNO Ha Abb. Mu 
H@ SHaeM’b, CKOILKO BHOBb 8allpOsaHO EPeCTbhAHaM’ 3aMIH, HallpuM bps, 
BD CmosxenckoH ryOepHiz, HO HAaMb HSBBCTHO, ITO BL caMB pasrapd 
STAXS 3allpolaxd OAH HAsHAIBId Bb UPOLARy Cb ayRMiOnA 54.432 7ec., 
H& DOKYORY EOUXS Oba Baha Bb CBOe BPeMA CYMMA CBHIMe 2 MAXX. 
py6. Bs Mornazescrok# ry6. cb MOMOTEA UpegxMolaraxoch UycTHTb Bb 
Hos6pb mbcarb 469.400 gec. seman, upioOpbrenHol cb NOMODILD 
Ganka. Bs ognomb Exenkomb ybay'b Opzoscko ry6. sasHayeHO OHAO 
KB 1potaxb ch ayguiona cBHme 10.000 gec. na cymmy BB 1*/, mua. 
- py6aeli **). 

_— al 


*) <Pbab», 23 anpapa 1908 r. 
**) <TOBApAILS», 19 aprycra u 6 centa6pa 1907 r. <Pbab», 28 aprycra. 


Pespanp. Orgaba + II. 10 


146 A. IADIKXOHOBS. 


MexseHHOCTA pacipoyame O6aHROBCKEX BeMeCAb BE Epyraxd., O1N3- 
KHXE Kb NpaBHTeALCTBY, OObACHACTCa, TAaBHHMb o6pasowb, MHepT- 
HOCTDID SCMACYCTPOHTCIbHHIXE KOMHCCifi H HEXOCTATEAMH BL HX Op- 
ranu3zanig. Bp «<Hosoms Bpemenu> He pash yae MOABIAIHCh, HCXO- 
Jamia, HOCOMHBHHO, OTS XHITb, OXHSKHXE Kb NRCHTPAIbHHMS 3EMIC- 
YCTPOBTCALHHMD YIPCHCHiAMh, CTAaThH, Bb KOTOPHX) MCTAIBCh [POM 
H MOIHIH UPOTHBS W5KCTHEIXS s3emseycTpontezefi. Harbcrom xAarbe 
IGPEKYIAPH, Bb KOTOPHXS UPaBHTeABCTBO pacteka1o mbCTHHe Oprah 
H TpeOoBalO OTh HHXS Ovabme onepri H pacnopsAuTexbHOcTH. Ilo- 
HBUIJOCh YR He MAIO IPOCKTOBS peopranusallia SCMACYCTPOHTeASHHXD 
yipemiesifi, BBOAATCH BOBHA AOUKHOCTHHA JHA, HSb OYHRXS HH- 
cTannifi BOTpoCH wepezawTca Bh Apyris. «Jaa ycmrburHocTH xb1a> 
erO T) «H3bCMINTS,—EA@KB STO O10 BS Opxb, — a8b eX HHOAHUHAIO 
BbISAiA> TOTO HiH HHOFO AHA BH pacnpexbiawTS MeAAyY BCbMA 4e- 
HaMH KOIAerin, TO, HAOOOPOTS, UbINA KOANCTIH OTAAWTS DOKb HAiarb 
OTXBALHHMDS SUDAN... He Mb, EOHCIHO, CTAHEMS OCUaPHBAaTh HeyA0- 
BACTBOPHTCIbHOCTh SCMACYCTPOHTeCABHOH OpraHusalin, H e@CAIH HaMb 
IPHXOAHTCH Bb YM VCYMHHTLCA, TO Bb BOSMOMHOCTH HCOPABHTS ee 
ykasanahima cooco6amy. [pomayyumy OO1bIHHCTBY ‘IWHHOBHEKOBL— 
BUIOTh JO «<HA@Ya.1bHHEKOBD NO AbiaMb O BOKHCKOH TOBRHHOCTH> ,— 
HeORHIAHHO DOMABUIMME Bh SEMJCYCTPOHTeAH, CMBIO MOMHO 64130 On! 
CKA8aTb: «KaKh HH CaAMTeCh, BCC Bb MYSHEAHTH He roguTech>... Ho 
H 33 BCBMD TBMb HeOOXOAHMO DOPH3HATh, 4TO T#ABHaA UpPHYHHA 3a- 
TPYAHeCHi, KOTOPHA HCONTHB&eTh UpaBHTeAbCTBO, ACKHTL TrayOme. 
QcyMlecTBisa CBOH .1aHb, OHO JOIRHO HITH HallepeKOph BAaCTEHMS 
TpeOopaHisMh &H3HH, HaH6orbe HacTolwMBHMS sallpocawb Haceienia 
H jase cCOOCTBCHHHM’S, UpOBOSrzalaeMHMB <BO BCeyYCHHIMaHie>, 
BSrAdsaM’b. 

Ilokynka 3eM1H TOBapHmecTBaMa H OODLeCTBaMH, KOTOPYW Tak 
HEOCMOTPHTCAbHO YCHIHAO CHAaYaIa UpaBHTeABCTBO, HO BXOJHTb H He 
MOKETE BKOMUTS, KAK'S AYRE CkasaNb, BS eTO JaIbwbeMia coodpaxenis. 
OOMICYCTPOHTCABAHIMD YIPCAAeHiAMS MpeUACaHO, NOsTOMY, UPOAaBaTs 
SOMA, PIABHLIMb OOpPasoMmh, OCAH He HCKAIIHTCABHO, Bb <eXHHOLHIHY D> 
coOcTpeHHocTb. Cyna 0 «O6sopy», UpH «<salposqakaxb» 3eMAH BME 
KOCTHIHYTH BB STOMb Halpasrenix 3aMBTHHe pesyAbTaTH. Ecau cono- 
CTaBHTh DOKYNKH &peCTbAHS HeMOCpPeACTBCHHO Y NOMBITEKOBB (CB 
8 Hos6pa 1905 r. no 1 sHBapa 1907 r.) ch DOKyOKaMH HXB Y 
Ganka (0 1 geradpa 1907 r.), TO OkameTca, ITO Upio6pbreHo H IIpE- 
TOPrOBaHo SeMAE: 


Y go- 
Bb mponentax®: Mun - Y Gan- 
KOB®. 
OO6mecTtBamMH .......6. 34 13 
ToBapHoyecTBamH ....... 64 4] 
OryBAbH. WOMOXO2.. ....-. 2 46 


Ho oTH pe3yibTaThl, HECOMA'BHHO, JaIHch ADS Nocré 3HadHTesb- 
HX youlifi a game OophOl BHYTpH caMuxXB HONHcCi#. HKpaitme xa- 


HA OYEPEIHHIS TEMBI. | (447 


PAKTeCPHHA Ha OTOTS Cuerb CBBUbAIA COOOMIHIb Kakb-TO «CaMapcxili 
BSCTHAKb» OTHOCHTCIBHO HAKOAAeCBCKOH SeMAeYCTPOBTeIbHOH KOMUCCIN 
(Camapcs. ry6.). 

Ifocah obaaro paqa OypHEIxt zachaanié Komuccin BIpasoTana MpoeKTS 
-CBOHXS padors... [uapHoe yopaBdeHie pascMOTpbNO UpOeKTh H Halo ero 
HECOOTBETCTBYNIIHM) BHAaM'b UpaBATeJBCTBA, MOsTOMY He YTBePAHAO, a 
pe TIOKHAO MepeXOABTh UpH NOk’YOKaXd seMeMb Kb DOABOPHOMY, XYTOPCKOMY 
H oTpy6Homy cnocoéy... Bb sacbaanin 16 wu 17 itHA koMHCCIA OONBMIBHCTBOMB 
TOMOCOBh MOCTAHOBHAa OLIO OpH Kaxtoh DOKyYUKB WepexoqaTb Kb NOABOp- 
HOMY BAaqbeiN, HO KpeCTbAHe 3aNpoTecTOBaAIH H BHECIH MonpaBKy, ITO Depe- 
XOAb Kb DOABOPHOMY Blabui BOSMOMCHL IHWb TOrAa, KOrAa KpecTbSHHHB 
9TOTO NOKeLACT' *)... 


He mentbe XapakTepHoO, ITO Bb TOMB we sachwanin Komaccia 
‘OARHA Oba CAaHKDIOHHpOBaib ABB crbikw oO upiodbpbrenin seman 
oOMmecTBaMH Y TOBapHiecTBB. TakuMb o6pasoms BMBCTO «<KOMMACa- 
Hin» 3eMIH, Kb KOTOPYH CTPCMMTCA MpaBHTeABCTBO Bb CBOHXS 3eMJAC- 
YCTPOHTCIBHEIXE HAWHHaHiAXh, Bb RASHH HaOawaeTca Tarorbuie Kb 
«kOMMacalin» HaceteHias. MW sto, KOHeEWHO, BHOAHB MOHATHO: kKpe- 
CTbAHCTBO CTPeMHTCA TOAHATBCA BO BCeH cBOeH Macch, He HCEANYAaL 
H TBXb «MOrMOawmuxh>, KOTOPHX) I. CTOIMMMHS CIuTAaeTSh HeOOXO- 
JUMbIMb H BOSMOMHEIME «U0JaBATb CHx0I0». Croamiti, MOBHJHMOMY, 
O1H3KO0 Kb seMieycTpoficrsy r. O. Axp. UMmMers: . 


Beb KpecTbaAvenpekpacHo Co3sawTs, ITO Cb UCIe3HOBeHIOMS DOMboOLWIbeH 
,dKOHOMIH* H HepexOAOMb eA Bb KpbUKiaA KPeCTbAHCKIA PYKA He NOLYIHBMis 
-CBOeA JOIK JHMWUTCS HW sapadoTKORS, H apeHAb, H MacTO6nima.. Ecau wbrb 
Oo8kKOTA H 3OMIA HUCTS Ha paCXBaTh, HAaYHHAWTCA Oe3sKOHeYHHIe COOpH 0 
TipaBpb Kawxqaro Ha Da, O KAaYeCTBCHHOMD pacupeAbiesin 3eMIH Cb co61n- 
neHiemMb H paBHOMBSpHOCTH, H panionHantbHOcTH OyAyMlaro xossiicrsBa... Tpe6yioTca 
RECATKH NOBZAOKD Bb BM BHIe ANA UpHMApeHia HW ycoOKOeHIA pacxkoHBMUXca 
cTpacteH **)... 


HackOIbKO TPYAHO SEMICYCTPOUTCIBHHIMS YIpPeCRMCHiAMD HATH Upo- 
THBD 9TOTO TeYeHiN, CTPeMAMaroca OO6esHeIHTS «TpaBo Kaxfaro Ha 
Tai», BHIHO W8b CIBAYWMUXS JaHHHXb, KOTOPHA YAaeTCA H3BICUb 
usp <Q6sopa». Hap sce «sanpolanHo» semia (627.916 ec.) BB 
CAHHOAHIHYH GCOOCTBEHHOCTS, KaKb MHI TOIBKO 4TO BHABIB, KpecTba- 
HaMH OpuTopropano 46°/; Bb TOK me Yacru sTOH 3emIu (403.292 gec.), 
Ha KOTOPyl HMBIOTCA «<BUOIBB OopMeHHHe AOKYMeHTH>, eHHOIHG- 
‘HIM MOKYNKH COCTAaBLAWTD Jumb 28°/. Wap sToro acho, 4TO Mepe- 
ABUTAaTb SCMIIO KE OTABALHHIMD KPCCThAHAMD TPYAe, H WBUKETCA OHA 
Bb oTy cTOPOHY MezlenHbe, YhMb BE CTopoHy oOmlecrsh u TOBApH- 
mecTsb. He men’be XapakTepHO, Kakb A -AYMal0, H TO, 4TO TARD 
MOeICHHO HAeTh pachposama kaseHHAIXb semetb. Jlocabania mpaxo- 
JLBTCA COMBATb, TIABHHMb O00pPa30Mb, OHIBITHMB LoOCyapCTBeHALIM®S 
KPecThAHwaM'’b, Bb Cpel’’ KOTOPHXS 4YBCTBA COAHJAPHOCTH CHAbE'Be, 


a 


:*) lutrupyw oo nepeneyatkS ap ,,Tospapauys* orb 15 ina 1907 r, 


**) [IzcbMa 0 semMaeycTposicTBS*. ,Pbib“, 6 anBapa 1908 r. 10 


148 . A. ISMEXOHOBD. 


ubMuD Y OLIBINEXS DOMBOIUYDHXB EpectThaHs. Han 1.056 rhc. Rec. 
ERaseHHOH 3eMIH, DepeyanHo ye KOMHCCIAMb, MMH DpokaHO scero 
xumb 11.388 yec., T.. e. anmb okOI0 1°/. Boabmiag yacTb SeMIB 
MpoOsOMmaeTL OKCMAyATHpOBATbCA NYTeMb ClawH Bh apeHAy, pH 
WeMB komMuCciaMa Ona0 cyano 171.889 ec. ch TOproBL 4# 
712.147 xec. xosaiicTBeHRHM® ciocobomb, BL TOM awcrB 310.159 xec. 
BB JOITOCpouHyH apeHAy u 401.988 ec. Ha UOfAHB Tors. Orrbas- 
HHMb AOMOXO34CBaMb H3B YHCIa CAanHHOH Ha Toy epexano 26%, 
& H3 cqanHoll Ha Toga Bcero-Ha-Bcero 1,4°/. OcTasbHaa caaHa 06- 
MecTB4Mh H TOBAPHIMCCTBANE... 

OTH ykasaHia MHB8HH, Kasaiocb OH, AOCTATOUHO BpasyMHTeAbH. 
Ho uTO AO HAXD 38 J'BAO UPABUTeCAbCTBY, KOTOPOMY Jad OCYMecTBIe- 
Hid efO U1aHOBb HYHHO pas{poOuTh KPeCThAHHCEYW MaCCYy,—pasypo- 
OHTh Ha MeIbYahmia YacTHUEA. OHepruyiAtbe, vwbMb KOra-sH60, OHO CTpe- 
MHTCa Ceiach HacaguTb AWYHYW COOCTBEHHOCTh,—ae BOOKIE 1acTAyD, 
@ HMCHHO JHUHYH. Bp sTHXd BHAaXd 0 OKOHIAHI Doresoro BH BOOOMeE 
AHEBHZaiOHHarO Depioga AM OpexupnuwaTa ele olHa Mbpa. Bu- 
covaimuMb noBerbHiemt OTb 25 Hos6pa 1907 r.'oxoHGaTeabHO pasa- 


pbuath bla 00 DOkyOKB SeMAH Bb CUHOAMIHYIO cOOcTBeHHOCTD. 


IpeXOcTaBleHoO MBCTHHIMD OTAbIeHiAMD Oanka, O YeMb A UPAKasaHo 
ONOBBCTHTh BCe HacedeHie OCOOHMH JakaTaMH, Pas0CIaHBHMH DpH 
Wupkysaps orp 29 gekabpa. <l1aBHHIM} -OCHOBaHieMb Kb YCTAHOBAC- 
Hil0 HSBACHCHHOH MBPH,— 4HTAeMD MLI Bb Dapkyssps Oanka wa HMA 
orabsienifi orb 8 jekaOps,—nocrymxa10 cTpemazenie oOxeruuTD cnO- 
CO6H OCyMecTBIeHid BHJOBb UpaBuTesbcTBa, osadoueHHaro HES 
oOpasoBpankieMb CAHHOXBYHEIXS' KPeCThAHCKAXD BlapbHili», Pascaerp 
pH 8TOMb Y UpabaTerbcTBa UpocTod: <Ta PopMa cAbAOK, IPH Rakoli 
ibaa OyzyTb paspbmarsca Onlcrpo Hu MpocTo Ha MBCTaXb, YHO BB 
cHAY 9Tol OCTPOTH,—TOBOPHTb OHO Bb CBOCMD DXPKyAspb—LOsAmHa 
ABATDCA Tpecbsazawmek Bb ABATeIbHOCTH OanHka». J pyruMuH CIOBaMH 
CBOI) BalaIY OBO PaSCIHTHBaeTh PaspbUATS MCXAHHYCCKA: CLHHOAHG- 
HHA NOKyORE GyxyTb «OnlcTpo HW Upocro» paspbmlarbcea Ha MBCTaXE, 
@ TOBapulteckia uw OOMleCTBEHHHA— OyAYTb TOPMASHTBCA Bb DeHTpadb- 
HHXb YIPCHICHIAXS OaHEa... 

Hackoabko eTa Mbpa oKkamercs AbACTBATeCIDHOH, UpexyragaTh cefi- 
4aCh, KOHCWHO, TPYAHO. OTO MoKameTh Oyzymec. OrgainBagch xe 
Hasal'b, MEI MOKEMb CKABaTb, ITO AO CHXD LOPh MpPaBaTeAbCTBO BCE 
BpeMH OKASHIBAaXOCh Bb MOA0KeHIK coOakH, KOTOpOH UpHxoxNTca 
rHaTbCA cpasy 8a ABYMA Saliqama. CHavata OHO YCTPeMHAOCh Kb TOMY, 
‘UTOORI OONErWHTh 3CMCAbHYW HyHAY Havd6oxbe Geanokohwo yactu Ha- 
cexeHia. Ho Opocui0 osTy sagayy (Bce paBHO He AOrOHHMD!) H MoCTa- 
BHIO ceOB APyrTyO bib: DOMOU «MOJHHMAWMeMCca CaMOybaTeCISHRIMS 
TPYIOMb, CKOMHAOMAMS, HACTOSMUMb XosseBaMs»... Ho Aaa vBTero 
HYRAO pease Bcero pasqpoouTh KPeCThAHCKYH MACCY, HaCalHTb AH3- 
HY}O 3CMCABHYH COOCTBEHHOCTh,—H 38 BTHMD salilleMh BO BCIO RpHTb 
TOHUTCA T2lepbh MpaBsuTesbcrTso. Ho u cefigach y Hero umMberca Bb 


HA OFERPBIHEIA TEMBI. 149 


BHAY ApyroH saab, KOTOparo Hayo odMaTbh Kakh MOKHO ckOpsbe. 
‘HY:KHO CITBIHTS Ch pactpogamel semMaH, YTOOKI YMeHbIIATh Npel- 
-cTroamie GanEy y6nitku. Mexpy ThMb Upolaka 8eMAH Bb CAMHOAMGHYD - 
COOCTBEHHOCTS HACTh MeJICHHO,—MeAIeHHbe, Ybub OOnIeCTBAaMb 1 
TOBapuMmecTBamb. OAT riasa pas6brawTca,—H TPyIHO CKasaTb, Bb 
KAKYO CTOPOHY YCTPeMHTCH Bb KOHIB KOHNOBb NpaBATeAbCTRO. 

JjouycTuMb, O4HAKO, ITO TAKB HIM HHAYe OHO CyMBeT Jats pb- 
MHTCAbBHH NepeBbCh OJHHOIMIHEMD NOKYUKAMS Hal’ KOJACKTHBHEIME. 
VY 3a BcbMb TBMD, KAR MAB RaKeTCH, Helbsa ONTh yBBPeHHEIME, 
4TO IPaBHTeALCTBO HacaluTh Takum OOpasOMb ABIHYW cobcTBeH- 
HOCTb. CAHIIKOMb HBA H Upowwa eme oOmMad coOOCTBeHHOCTL, ecIH 
He OOmuHHas, TO cemefiHas. Ja nu BOOOMe NpaBuTexbcTBO, NOBHAE- 
MOMY, CIHIIKOMB MAa10 Bb CBOHXB N1aWaXbh CWHTAeCTCA CO CTPOeMS 
TPYAOBOrO xosaicTBa, Bb EPY( KOTOParO OHO BBOAHTS HCMAH, H Cb 
IpaBOBHMH BOsspbHiaMH HapoOlJa, KOTOPHA He JeETKO H8MBHATS YRA8AaMH 
u Wupkyaspamu. Uperzcrapums ce6b, 4TO OHO BCH seMIK pacupo- 
acTh XyTOpaMH H OTpy6aMH, SaNuMerh 3a ONPeABICHHHMA JHOAME. 
Ho, BBIb, STHMB OHO HO YHHYTORATE CeMeHHHXS pasrbi0nb, He 18- 
MBHATE HAaCKBACTBOHHAaTO papa. Yxe Bh cIbLyomeMb NoKorbuin 
XYTOPt, KOTOPHH OHO TeMepb YcTpOHTb, OOpaTHTCA BB BEICEAORD F, 
OHTS MOMCTS, Wake IWBIYO WepeBewbky, & OTpyOb, KOTOpHH OHO BH- 
pbxerb, UpeBpaTHTca Bb TOBApAMeckoe BlarbHie,—u, OTD MORECTS, 
Jjame cb Nepexbuama. He Takb JerkKO CUPaBHTBCA CB HaceJeHiems, 
KOTOPOG UPHBHEAO «XBIATH 3OMIW» *). 

OTYUHTL eFO OTH OTOTO MOHHO TOIBKO UPHHYAATCIbEHMD LYTeM'S, 
‘BBOMA ITO-HHOyIb Bpoxb Matiopata wid MHHOpaTa. Bosmomno, 
STO paBHTeCAbCTBO He OCTAHOBHTCA H Uepekb sTAHM’b,—UpaBpamie 
KIGCCH HAXOJATCA BL TAKOMb asapTb, ITO YTOTOBHI COBePOINTA cell- 
qacb Kakoe yrosHoO Hacuszie Hab HapoxHONW RH8HbW. HO He BCAKOE 
BBAb HACHIie AaeTh HYMAN pesyAbTaTH. Be wacTHocTu, cemeHHHe 
paSABAL! OPAaBHTeABCTBO yRe 0pO6OBalO HOPMHUPOBATb, HO 4aKOHD, KO- 
TOpHH OHO Cb STOW WBIbW BB 1890 r. uafato, BOBCe He Jalb ORL- 
JaBURXCA OTB Hero pesyibTaToRb. He roBopa 0 UpoveMb, HanOMAN, 
GTO ycTaHOBIeHie HebAHMHIXb YYaCTKOBh H HeHBObRHATO = UpH 
-BTOM® Je@HCHHATO BHAA LIA MIALMINXD WIA CTAapMAX Whreit MOKeTS 
BCTPBrATb WCTO PUHAHCOBHIA BalpysHeHia. 3a rpannuelt Tako BELBIB 
COBepmMaeTcs, TAABAHIMDE OOpasoM, NYTEM' 8akAasa semi, OOpemene- 
Hist ea HNOTCUHHM’S JoOATOMb. Ho, BAL, TH SeCMIH, O KOTOPHXD MH 
TOBOPpHMS cefuach, H 6€3b TOTO STHMb OATOMD OYAYTH OOpemeHeCHH 
<Bhile MBpH. BiHCeIMBOIeEMYCA HA XYTOPS HAH BallHcaBMeMy 38 CO- 
-6oH orpy6soH yuacTror® KpecTbaHHAy, Ja Bors, cipapatsca cb 6an- 


—— 


*) HanoMHD xa06H, KOTOPLIA pasaBaAIHCh HA ITOTS CCT BS CCALCKO- 
‘XOSSHACTBOHHHXS KOMHTOTAXD H O KOTOPHXb MHS UPHMIAOCh Bb CBOe BpeMA 
sTOBOPATh, Bb ,GOMCIBHHXS HYHRTAXDE JePeBHyH". 


150 A. ITSDIEXOHOBS. 


KOBCRHMH DdaaTeKkaMy, kakie NpBACTCA UAATHTS NO ccyaAb, H CXBA IT 
Y Hero HaHAYTCH CHAR, ITOOH AaBaTb CNG BHABIAW... 

JlonycTHM, OAHAKO, ITO UPABHTeIBCTBO ycrrberh HacaATh AWWYO 
COOCTBEHHOCTh H KP@CTBABCKYO NICHXHKY «<Oxarama» osToH coOcTBeH- 
HocTH ucnropruTs. Ho 9TO He SHaawHTb ele, YTO HYRHALO eMy 
safina oHO ThMb CaMHMD TOHmaeTb. Saqaya, Bb, COCTOHTB He BB 
TOMb TOIbKO, YTOOH pasApoOuTb KPeCCTLAHCKYW MACCY,—HYEAO ene 
JaTb BOSMORHOCTh COOpaTsca WH CIYCTUTBCA HA CA NOBEPXHOCTH Mac- 
ASHACTHMS YacTHIKAMb. HyKHO COBlaTD «KEPbUKATO KPeCTLABHHAa»— 
Bauer’a, «MaAbUHEa Bb DITahax», Kak A Bpasnsca IpomsaMtt pass, 
XapakTepusya sagaiH mpaBuTerbcTBa. HM BOTh Bb TOMb, ITOOH Bb 
sTOH YacTH 8afada Oba BHDOsHeHa, IPAXOAHTCA OCO6eHHO CHIBHO 
COME'BBATBOS. 

Bb JaHHOMD CAYIAB OCTATOYHO COCAATECA HA YCAOBIA, Ha KOTO- 
PHX BeMIA MOCTACTCH KpeCcThAHaM’s. IpH nOKyNES seMAH, Ch coxbi- 
cTBiewD OaHka, Y NOMBILHKOBS OHH NkaTHAH Takid ITbHH 8a Aeca- 


TYHY: 

BB 1896 rony...... 50 py6. BB 1902 romy...... 108 py6. 
. 1897 , »-. 2 eae ae » 19088 , ...... 109 - 
.1898 , ...-..- 74, . 1904 , 112, 

, 1899 , ...... 77_—~«C«n » 1906 , ...... lll , 
. 1900 , .....- 80 , . 1906 , 124 . 
» 1901 , ... 2. 90 _,, » 1907 , 2... ee. 137, 


Buctpuit pocrb 3emMeAbHHXS bab, cb OCO6OW CHIOW OOHAapyxEB- 
mifica nmocab mpeoOpasoBpania kp. OaHka BB KOHIS 90-xB roxoBt, 
He TOABKO He OcaaGbat 8a nocrblgie Tow, HO H Nposommaraca eme 
Corbe OMICTpHM' Temoomh. Ip MOKYNKaxb 8eMIH CaMHMS 6aHKOM;S 
OHb N1aTHID Bb CpeHeMb 8a AeCATHBY (ecEH B3ATb BCH CYBIRH, 0 
KOTOPHM COCTOAXOCh Cormamenie Cb upoxapiama): BB 1906 roxzy— 
109 py6. o BB 1907 Tr. (no 1 cenTa6ps)—106 py6. Tazums o6pe- 
30MBb Bb OOMeMD 6aHKE NOKYUarb 8eMIH JeMlepse, YhML CaMH Kpe- 
CTbAHE, HO STO OOBACHACTCH, TLABHHIN'S O6pasomM’s, THM, ITO OaHE HOKRT- 
1a2% 8eM1N KEPYUHHIMH HMBHIAMH, 10 OOMeMy Ke:UpaByay Waa THM Bii- 
me, YHML YIACTORDS Epyunbe. Ecru cpaBHuTh AaHHwA NO paswbpaMs api- 
oOpbreHHHX’ BAaN'bHIA, TO ORaReTCA, ITO OAHKOBCKIA WHEN Bb OOAbIHH- 
cTBB Ipyunb Jame BLMe KpecThaHCKHXS. Hanpambpt, sa aMbuia oTs 
100 xo 200 jec. 6aHKS D1aTHIb BR CpexHeM'S 8a FecaTaHy 159 py6., a 
RpectbaHe—135 py6., 3a umbuia 200-500 gec. Th Re DadpH GyxyTs 
148 # 123 py6.,3a umbHia 500-1000 gzec.—131 4112 py6., sa awhais 
1000-2000 yec.--125 uw 95 py6. T. Kyraept canTaers HYHWWS Hb- 
CKOIbKO CMATUBTS STOTS BHBONS CCHIEOH Ha HeOAHHAKOBOe pacEpe- 
Wbuenie OaHKOBCKHXb H KPCCTBAHCKHXS NOKYNORS 10 MBCTHOCTAMS 
ob Goxbe wemesHMH H Gombe AOpOTHMH IVbHamn. Mab ne xoTrbaocs 
OH yrayOIATLCA BL YTOTS BOMPOCh, H DOTOMY A OFpaHHyych yRasa- 
HieME HA <AOROABHO PAacHpocTpaneHAoe BL OOMecTBB MHBHIC>, KOTO- 
poe NpHBOAATE camp fr. KyTaept, & HMCHHO, ITO «<OanKy AeTKO COHITS 





HA OYEPEHEIA TEMHI. | 151 


NJOXi8 H NOCPeACTBCHHHA 8CMAH, HO Xopomia, m0 OOmeMy UpaBadly, 
eMy He JOCTAWTCA HS8b-38 pasHorsaciA Cb MpoxaBlaMA OTHOCHTeAbHO 
nbunty. Takum o6pa3somt, npeaxre GbMb CMATYATS BHIBOD, Fr. Kyt- 
xepy crbl0BaI0 OH Bb anadueb Nolita AaXbMle HU pascMOTpPhTs, kakias 
8eMIH BB KamsoH wbcTHOCTH npicépbrawtca OaHkoM'. 

Ho waa HaCh BakHO ce¥acb He CTOABKO TO, 0 Kakoh mbab 
6akkb NOKYUaeTh B8eCMAH, CKOALKO TO, 00 Kako mbub OBB Dposaern 
HXb KpecTbsHaMs. Hsp «Q6so0pa baATeIbHOCTH YS3IHHXb SCMACYCTPO- 
HTCABHHX KOMHCCiH» MHI Y8HACMD, ITO SAaNPOMAHHWA ye OaHkOMS 
semiH (627.916 yec.) UINBHCHH HM, <BEINIad BCB pacxOxH 10 pas- 
OuBES, OOBOTHEHLW, UpoBeseniw AOporb u upoy.», 10130 py6. caam- 
KOMB 38 JecaTuHy. Ecau A OTH 3eMIB OaHKb KyOHID TO 106-109 py6., 
TO Heab8a CkasaTB, WTOOH padoTH m0 pas6uBEB uxb Ha XyTOpa 
oTpy6a o6omanch jemeso... . 

Bo Bcakomt caydab, NOKyNawTb AH EpecTbAHe 3eMA10 Y ToMbmu- 
ROBb HIH NOKYUaWTS ee y Oanka, Oa OOXOAHTCA AMD O4FEHD Joporo. 
I[papya, Oankopckie naatemH 6NaH Bb 1906 1., EaKB MH BHIBAH, 
SHAYHTOIHO NOHHKCHH, H TAKHMS OOpPasoMb YacTb BHR Kakb On 
B8STa OaHEOMS Ha CBOH cyeTb. Ho, BbAL, YORITEH, KOTOPHe BB CHAY 
BTOTO NOTepmaTS OaHk'b, PYCCKOMY HapOAy—H, Bb YACTHOCTH, TBM 
me EPCCThAHAMb—IIPHACTCH OMIATHTb, XOTA OW H BS Upyrok opm. 
Butcrb ch Thmb OadkOBCRie DiaTeKA JIA KPeCTDAHS, Jake ocah 
NOHHReHiA MX, HHCKOXBKO He CT@aH Jeryve: YMeCHbIIHBINHCh Bb 
HPOHCHTHOMD OTHOMeHIH KB cCcyxb, OHH S8aMBTHO YBeCAHYHAHCK 0 
pascyeTy H& JeCAHTHHY: 38 3eMIH, KyNAeHHHA BE 1901-1903 rr. cb 
pascpoukoW Ha 55‘/2 XBTb, EPeCThAHAMb NPAXOAMIOCh WAAaTHT 3a 
KkaRIyO WecaTHHy (psy cpeque ubab oxon0 105 p. w emeroqHOMb 
niaTexb Bb 5 p. 25 gon. co 100) oxoz0 5 p. 50 kon. emerogHO; 
38 3EMIH, KYDIeHHHA BB 1907 r. (npn cpeque mbH oKoX0 135 Dp. u 
€CXeLOMHOME DAaTeRB BL 4 p. 50 &. co 100) umMb IpHyetca DAaTHTD 
ye cBhme 6 py6. 

He TpyqHO UpexBuAbTb, ITO STH MWAaTeKH, KOTOPWHMH KpecTbAHe 
CBARYTE ceOad Ha AeCATEH ABTS, GYAYTH TAaKb He BHKOAAIMBATHCA, 
KaKb BHKOJaYHBaIHCh Bb CBO@ BPeMA BHIKYMHHA HeOMOHMER. Yxe Te- 
nepb, KOra UpaByTeIbCTBO Uputaraerb BCB ycutia, YTOOH MonylapH- 
SHPOBaTb A'SATCILHOCTh EKPCCThAHCKEALO OaHKA, OTHOMEHIA MOcIBIRATO 
KB efO EXICHTAaM HeEALSA HasBaTb MATRRMB. MomHo O60 OWN yka- 
3aTb PAIb PakTOBb, KOTOPHE CBAXBTCALCTBYNTH, ITO, Kak H BCARIE 
SAHMOAOBEIN, OAHKS IpOABAAeCTS ckopbe W3lHMHWOW ReerOROceps- 
HocrTb. Ipupezy, 118 UpumMbpa, BwyepmEyY usb cooOmenia «4aca» o 
THX OTHOMeHIAX’, KAKIA CIORHINCL MCHLY KPecThAHAaMA H OaAHKOMD 
Bb KylJeHHoH uM rpomagHok Jatadyyyzia rp. A. A. BoOpHHcKearo BS 
Tyapcgot ry6. 

BaHkb He pasphmlaeTh,—uHCalb KOppecnoHAcHTb,—yOopky x1b6a 70 yo- 


KATH APCHTHOR ONaTH H DIR TOTO, ITOGH HMBTb BOSMORBOCTS DOMBMATS 
cBOsy x7b6a cb none, pane Besoca apeHHOA DAaTH, OHb BHSBAIb OTPAAL 


152 A. IBDIEXOHOBS. 


aparyub. Kaxawh qeHb, KAKb Ha TeaTph BOeHHWX, ABAcTBIH, 00 okpecT~ 
HHMb MBCTHOCTAMS PasbbsKaNTh WparyHckie WarTpyiH, HAaBOAA CTpaxb Ha 
KpecTLAHb, OcOGeHHO Ha ReHMHAS... H BenuKONBOnHIA ypoxaf Ha apeHoO- 
BaHHOA OaHKOBCKOH 3eMIS CTORTS Bb KOUHAXS Ha oA. losazyrs RexH, 
BCO NOTAOHETS HW Tipopacrerh, H Bech TAKeINM TPYAD a ChuMeHA UpOoMaLyTb 
napoms. Bb Takoh o6cTaHOBKS KpecTbane PBMMIHCh HA PHCKOBAHEHIA Mars. 
6 aprycta yepeBHa Y3yHOBO, HOUbN, NepeBbessxa CBOH PRAHA KONHH Cb NOMA 
Ha ryMaa. Ea opHMbpy vocabyopaaw A Apyrid epeBuH... KoneqHo 3aqHH- 
DIKKOBD apecTopanu. Bank, Kpomb Toro, noTpe6oBadb, TOOL! kpecThAHe 
TepepesiH poxb OO6patHo BB none. [locwb AonrAxb MeperoBopoBh, ato 6es- 
CMLICHeHHSAmee Tpe6opanie Obln0, BUpotems, ocTaBzeHoO. Ho AbIO O ,caMo- 
BOILHOMS yBo3sb HT. J.*, KOHOYIHO, NOfAeTS CBOHMb XOROM® *)... 


VM sBOTS Bb TO BPOMA, KAEDB oHeprid MBCTHHXS BlacTel Joxo_uxa 
yee 0 <G6escmniclenHbimuxt Tpebosanii>, DeHTpalbHoe yinpaBzeHie 
O6abka IpokOimaio HacTaHBaTh H& YCHAeHiH MNOHYAMTCIbHHXbh MBps. 
6 cenTa6pa yupaBlsmmumMt Gankomb Onda pasoclaHa Bo BCh ero OT- 
Wbienia cxblyomasd TexerpaMMa: 


T[pexctanisemna ory baenamin cab bua YOMRAAWTE MOBS, ITO UsaTeRH 
8ACMILBKOBL H ApeHAATOPOBS Bd SoxbuIMACTBS oTAbAeHii nocrynawTa 10 
upexHemMy kpafine HeHcopaBHO. BHosb noaTBepm TaN © HeEOOXOJHMOCTH 6ez0T- 
NaraTeIbHO UpHHATS BCH MBpH BshICKAHiA H Bb TPOXAWeBHHA cpokb Ao- 
HecTH MHB nozpob6HO nonoxenie zhxa Ww KaKif UpaKTAayeckia pacnopsmenia 
CAbIaHH OTABICHIAMH BO HCHONHeHie MOeTO UpezNomeHia OTE 22 imua **). 


«lpaspan AparyHh»—-Morao OW OTBBTHTb TYIBCKOC, & MORCTH 
OHTb, H Apyria oTzbsenia. Ioroms, Kora Ru8HE BOHACTS Bb HOPMY, 
ROCTaTOUHO GyAeTb, KOHCYHO, CTAHOBWX’S HW MCUPAaBHHKOB'S... Bo#AeTs 
ia, ofHak0? He BCTyNHAH JM MH Bb TAakyW DoOsLocy aAcTopix, Korma 
aHb Ch MOABAACTHATO HaceleHid IPHXOAATCA B3bICKHBATS pH COmbH- 
CTBIH _BOOpyxKeHHOH CHAI? 

Takb HAH HHaye, HO STY JaHb BSHCKHBaTh OyxyTh. UW expa am 
He Bb CaMOMS OessallHTHOM MOLOKeHIM OkamYyTCA Th kpecTbaHe, KO- 
. TOpHe upio6pBryTs SeMI Bb «CHHOIHUHYH codcTBeHHocTs». Upicbpb- 
Tax e€ OOMeECTBAMH H TOBAPHINCCTBAaMH, OHH HAXOJMAKCh JO uSBBCTHOR 
CTCHCHH HONS samatTow Mipa. OToOpaTh seMAW Y Ubaaro oOmecTBa 
HIH KpyOHaro TOBAapHMlecTBa He Bcerma HalixeTs BL ceOb pbIBMOCTL 
ake HRABMHee IpaBuTexbcTRO. Jia u xXbOb YBESTH 8b DONS OXPAHI 
AparyHb, Bb CHAYWaB werd, GesolacHbe CKONOMS, THML BL OXHHOURY... 

Ecau noagunefickoe rocyxapcTBO HaXOXUTb BO3MORHHIM'S OCBOGO- 
JHTb CBOHXS JAHHHKOB OTB KPYLOBOH UOpyku, TO, KOHEYHO, MOTOMY, 
WTO OHO QUUTAeTh ceOH BL CHAaXb CUPABHTbCA Cb KaKIHMb HSb 
HEXD Bb OTLBAbHOCTH. OHO Ha CTOABEO ye T1y6OKO BH'BAPHAOCL CBO- 
BMH OpraHaMH Bb CTpany, YTO MOKCTS 3aBeCTH ABNEBLIG CYeTAa CO 
CBOHMH IL0JJQHHHMH, He ONACaACb, ITO TOT HAH Apyro# 48h HAXS 
YCKOAB8HETH OTS CFO BHCACHBAWMAXS Wylaibyesb. HKpaiike xapax- 


*) Ilurapy 00 nepeneyaTk’ BB «Phun», 18 centadps 1907 r. 
**) .Topapamb>, 18 centa6pa 1907 r. 


HA OUEPEAHHIA TEMBI. 153 


TepHO, TO MpeHMYMecTKO «eXHHOMMIHOH COOCTBeHHOCTA», BB KakOBOH 
‘PopMB DpaBATeIbCTBO HKexaeTS COMTh SEMIIO KPCCTLAHAMD, OHO BH- 
AuTh M@HAY UPOWWMS Bb TOM, ITO HEJOHMORD UPA osTOMa OyseTh 
MeHbile, CaHOBHAK'b, 0 KOTOPOMb A YNOMHHAID BEIMe, Ha BOMpOC, 
YBbpeHO JH NpaBuTeIBCTBO, YTO Cb AHAHCOBOH CTOPOHH! NpPOHSBO1H- 
Mah HMB paciposama JocTaTowHo obesneyeHa,—oOObaCHHIb CBOeMY 
cobecbaAHHRY: 

— Jia Bab BHI 3HaeTe, KTO ABIAWTCA TIAaBHHME HeAOBMIUKaME. 
UneHH EPCCThAHCEHXS TOBAPHMecTBd... Borbe cOCTOATCABHHIC BLIRH- 
AaloTb, ATOOM YOLAaTHIH MeHbe COCTOaTeIbHHe. A Mey OTBALHHIMH 
NOKYMMLMKAMH HeAOMMOWMKOBD NOITH ABTS. 

Takia Xe pa8SbACHeHia9 MEL HAXOJHMb H Bb ODHDIAIbHHXD 8aABAe- 
Hiaxt... He tTpyjw0, koHeTHO, ceOb mpexcTaBATb, 4TO KPeCTbAHHHS, 
Upio6pBBmiff 3eMII0 BL CXHHOSHGHYW coOOcTBeHHOCTS, OyseTb BLITH- 
THBaTb BCB RHIAN, ITOOH ONpaBsaTh ceOa Nepexb 6aHEOM,—BB eCcO- 
-O@HHOCTH 2 KPCCThAHHHS, KOTOPHH, Uposanb HaybAbHYH seMIN, 
BEIC@AHTCH Ha OaHeOBCKIH XYTOPb: AMDIATLCA 30MIN Jaa NocAbABATO 
OyleTS BbAb PABHOCHIBHO JMmeniw sBcero xosslicrsa a Jake ocbl- 
HOCTH. 

«MabaHka Bb DITaHaxb» RelaeTh Bb KOHDUB KOHNOBD MOLYITS 
IpaBuTeAbCcTBO... BBpoaTHbe, OHAKO, ITO MOAYYATCA Apyroe: HaXbIABS 
MYXHEA—JOUYCTHMS, XOssicTBeHHAarO MYKAKA—OTPYOOME A Jame BE- 
COZHBH efO Ha XYTOPS, UpaBamie KAaccH He TOKO He DpexOcTaBars 
-@MY BOSMORHOCTH OO3aBeCTHCh WNTAaHaMH, HO, OHITh MOHCTS, CHUMYTD 
-Cb Hero H pyOallKy. 


IV. 


Hepexoyaa Kb 3EMICYCTPOHCTBY Ha HarbibHHXxh sOMIAX Db *), Ha- 
UOMHI Ipemie BCcero, KAKB PaHbIe OTHOCHAOCh KE STHM’S SOMAAMD 
*) SemueycTpOHTOABHHIMH OnepaniaMH, KaKb MBB NpPHUII0Ch ye ynoMA- 
HYTb, 38HATH Thu BbAoMcTBA. IlepecenoHinua H pacntpowaxeHh KaseHHHXh 
seMeNL sabbuyeTb riaBHoe yoOpaByenie semueycTpoAcTBa Hu seme buis. 
Kpecrbanckifi 6aHk® HAXxOHTCA BL BBABHIA MHHUCTpA HHancoBs. Hakonen, 
onepaliaMH Ha HAXBILHHXd 8CMIAXb BaBbLyOTh MHHHCTOPCTBO BHYTPOHHEXS 
ABIb Bb 1unh éBoero 3emckaro oTAbIa. Tlocrbgwee H38b 9THXS BBAOMCTED 
AO CHXE Op) He 2axo HEKakOh, Ty61HKaniAn O XOZb CBOHXS 3eMIeyCTpOH- 
TCIbHHX®E onepania. Bb oObACHHTCALHHXD 3alHCkaxb 00 3akOHOMpOeRTaMms, 
BHECCHHHIM> HMB BD T'ocyzapcTBeHHyw JiyMy, MEI TORKe He HAXOJUME Ba 
_BSTOTb CiCTh HHKAKHXD HAKTHICCKHXD MAHHEIXD. He aH HX HW Opelctapu- 
TeHH MAHACTEPCTBA, YIACTBYA Bb AYMCKOH seMeAbHOA Komuccin. Jlaxe r. 
Kyrxeps, pH BCBX CBOHXS CBA3AXb Bb KavecTBS ObIBUAarO MHHHCTpa, HH 
pasy, NOBHAHMOMY, He MOT UPOHHEHYTS Bb KpBIKO UPATBOpeHBHA ABepH 
zemckaro orybia. Depecmarpupad CBOu MaTepiasIH 10 STOMY BOMpocy, A Ha- 
XOXY CPOAH HAXD OFCHE MANO cBhUbHIA OhunianbAaro MpoHcxomeHiA; aTO, 
BO-NepBHXb, HBCKOALKO Dupb, UPOCKOALsHYBIIAXS Bb OAHOA 3b OCOCHHAXS 
<2TaTreH odaniosnof <Poccia>, 4, BO-BTOPHX, Koe-Kakia, Aaneko He BOOTHS 
SIOBATHHA, WaHHHa, uMbomiaca BB <O6soph AbATOAbHOCTH BOMMCYCTPOHTCAB 


_—— 


154 A. IIBMEXOHOBD. 


NpaBHTeAbcTBO. Cb MOMCHTA OCBOOORACHIA KPCCTLAHB B JO CaMHXt 
HOCIbAHHXD HEH STO OTHOMeHie, HECOMHBHHO, O50 WBOHCTBeHEHIWS. 
SACTaBHBb KPe€CThAHb BHIEYNATb 30MAW 8&8 HXb COOCTBCHHHH cers 
H HarpadHBh Xb 00 sTOMY CAYIAM THTYIOMB «<COOCTBEHHHEOBS>. 
WpaBATeAbCTBO TBM CAaMHIMS KAkb OL PBOIHAO BOUPOCh, YTO 3TH 
SCMIH IepeXOAATh Bb GaCTHYW Xb cob6cTBeHHOCTS. Ho BB ABACTBE- 
TCAbHOCTH paso COOCTBeEHHOCTH KPCCTbAHAM> Jako He 6b140,—HaKbIL 
HMB OWID UPeNOCTABACHD, KAKD HW CKasaHO BE «OOmlemb Moxz0menia>, 
«BL DOCTOAHHOe MOAbZOBaHie, Jad OG6esneyweHig HXb OnITa A ACHOpas- 
Haro OTOpPaBAeHiA HMH TOCYAapcTBeHHHXS DoOBHHHOCTeH». Uro mpa- 
BOMB COOCTBEHHOCTH H& HaXbAbHHA SCMIH KpecThase AO CHXb Opt 
He MOIbSOB2AHCb, STOO HE OTPAM4eTS HW MpaBATeAbCTBO. 


7lo okonYaHIA BHIKyOHOA onepanin, — ToBOpHAb TOB. MHHHCTpa BH. ASA: 
JIEIKOMIHES BS AyMCKOA KoMuccin,—UpaBa Co6OCTBeHHOCTH Ha 30M Y Epect- 
AHD He OHNO. One® HacTyYHHAO TOXBKO Cb OKOHWABICMD BHKYUHOH onepanis, 
HN TENepb MpaBHTeALCTBO Cb OTKPHIVHINS sadpasOMb HACTh 00 UYTH Haca- 
MNeHiA YacTHOH co6cTBeHHOCcTH. Bt 1861 r. 6H4b BHWAHb BEKCONb, DO KoTO- 
POMy HACTYNAI0 BpeMA NNATATE *). 


Hano, O(HaK0, CkasaTb, ITO UpaBHTeAbCTBO, CUBTaDMee Teleps 
HEOOXOXHMEIME <pPacNpOCcTpanHTb OAara, MPOWCTeRaAWMia OTS Hayars 
coOOCTBEHHOCTH, H H& TY TpOMaxHyW TeppATOpiW EpecThAHCKaro 3en- 
ACBIAIBHIA, KOTOPad NO CHXS NOP sTHXb Olars Ola JHMeHae **}, 
ele He€JaBHO BHICKaSHBaXO COBepileHHO Apyrie BSlIsihH Ha 93TOTS 
WpeymMeTb. Takb, BB «I pyszaxb pexaknionHol KoMACCciM», paborapmel 
pH Ilxepe 10 NepecMOTpy 8aKOHOMaTeABCTBA O KPCCThAHAXh, MEI BS 
CBoe BPeCMA 4ATAIH: 


ee ee ew ee ee 


HHX>d KOMHCCIH>... Mexazy ThMb BOUpCCS O HATBAIBHOMB 3eMRCYCTPORCTES # 
10 CyMlecTBY UpeAcTaBAAeTCA OHHMD H3b CAMBIXb BAXHEIXS H 10 OGnTENy 
XOLY sOMICYCTPOHTCIbHHXD ONepanifi ABIAeTCA Bb HACTOAMee BPEMA CAMEINS 
HHTepecHHMS. GAbch—BS Cheph Harbabyaro seNNeBIALbHIA—NEKUTS yserd 
arpapHaro Boupoca. Bb 2aBBCHMOCTH OTb TOrO, KAKb paspbuInTCS BB KOHTS 
KOHNOBb 9TOTh 3ATARHOH KOMMPOMBCCh pyccKOh RH3HH,—lepeAAYTB-An Ba- 
WBIbHHA 3CMIH Bb UHYHYN coGcTBeHHOCTh Hun UpioépbTyTS xapaxreps 
co6cTBeHHOCTA rocyyqapcTBeHHOA,—HaxonHTca BCce 6yzyulee HauIHX® ceaxs- 
CRKOXOSHSACTBCHHHXD OTHOMECHIA H, OLITD MOMeTb, BeCh JaXbabAoA xoun 
pycckxof uctopin. To nim HHOe pbuleHie ero onpexbANTS COMaIbHOe n020- 
weHIG MHOTOMAINIOHHOM KpecTbAHCKOH MACCH, a BMBCTB Cb TBMB BCR 
CTPYKTYpy Comiadbyaro opranHaMa... Ye cb camaro Hayala onuepaniaus 5a 
HAaABIbHNXDS 3OMIAXDS Bb ALPAPHOMS UAH UpaBATeAbcTBa OHAO OTBE TEKS 
BHAHOe MBCTO. Tenepb Re, KOTAa CTO POBOTMMIOHHAS OHeEPTid BO MBOTHXs 
HaUpaBleHiaxh ye H3CHKAa, BECh OCTATOKS OA OHO OOHAPYRHBACTE CEIOH- 
HOCTb COCpeQOTOUHTL BB cheph narbabnaro sentesrarbuia. Bb ary we cro- 
poHy ycTpemMutacb w rocnoyckas Jiyma... Ho cb oaToro0,—raaBHato, MOXEC 
CKazatTb,—TeaTpas 3eMNCYCTPOHTOILBHHXDS ABACTBIA 10 CHXb LOPb HBB oObs- 
MWiaIbHEXb cBabrzbaid. Kaptrauy wagbabnaro seMxeyctpofcTBa MHB nopatercs 
BOCIPOHSBOJHTb 10 YACTHHIMD OTPHIBOYHHMD CoOoOmeHiaAMb, NONOMEAR 4RKX+. 
TAB ITO BOSMOMHO H HEOOXORHMO, cOOOpameHiaMH OOmMlaro XapakTepa. 
*) «<Pbab», 31 anBapa 1908 r. 

**) Crenorpadayeckifi oryeTh o s3achaanin Tocynapcrsennok Jiyma 1% 

mapta )907 r. 








HA OURPEABHIA TEMBI. 155 


I]pHpaBHHBaTbh HAL BIbHHA 3CMXIH Kb WacTHOH cobcTBeHHOCTH, OYSBHAHO, 
HOUb3H, XOTA Obl Bb CHAY TOTO O6CTOATEALCTBA, ITO OPH HXb OTBOAB BMB- 
4HCb BS BHIY HE YACTHHE HHTCPCCH OTABALHHIXS IHS, &2 HOH3MBPHMO Oombe 
MupoRia oOmerocy.apcTBeHAHA WbsrH... Hagbusyna 3eMiH, HMBA Tocyzap- 
CTBEHHOG SHAICHIC H CIyHAa OGesteqdeHieMDh OHTA KPeCTbANS, HO MOTYTDS CO- 
CTABNATL OpeyMeTS cBob6oAHaro o6opota... *). 


OTO ONAO YeTHpe Toa TOMY Hasamb. «Obesneyenie OuTa»—TOTIS 
H «6xara coOcTBeHHOCTH»—Teneps... Isese uw CToabnHHd... [Bb rocy- 
WaPCTBCHHHA UPOrpaMMH,—OITh MORCT, CkhaRYTD HHH. Ho Bb TOMS- 
TO WH 610, ITO STH ABB UPOTpaMME! YRHBAINCh BCC BPeMA PAAOM'. 
VWs HOCHTeISMH HX HepbAKO OnlBaIH OHH H Th-me xAuMa. IIxepe um 
CroanmuH’s... Ho Bab 8AKOHONPOCETH JIA HHXS COCTABIAAS OMMAD 
H TOTS xe r. [ypko. Bosbmure, garbe,r. Jkomnna, KOTOPHH TOpHTS 
Telleph HelakieMb ONAATATL Bekcerb, OyzTO Ont BHI_aHHEI BE 1861 
Tomy UpaBuTesbcTsoms. Bh «Pycckuxt Bbyomocraxp» **) r. B. P. 
HallOMHHIG 10 sTOMy MOBOAY po Apyro Bekcelb, BHAAHHNH caMaM 
T. JHKOMMHHMS, ele HefaBHO BOSCTaBaBIIEMb UPOTHBb <HCKYCTBEH- 
Haro paspyiienHia OOM|BHN», KOTOPHIMb OH Teleph pykoBosuTS. Kean 
On Daepe 61% HHBb, TO, OMTD MOMCTh, OHS OCYMECTBIAIS Ob Te- 
nepb TY xe MporpaMMy, KOTOPYH ocymectTBAseTh Fr. Cromimans. LIlo- 
crbinifi Bo BropoH Jymb sagpuys, yo on «npodHab 10 abre y 
bia seMexbHaro ycrpolictsa». He Bxoquio 1H Bb aTH 10 Tbrb u TO 
BpeM#, Kora semieycTpocTBoMb sanuMaica Llgzepe? A He DOAB ero 
AH PYKOBOACTBOMS paboTarb rT. CTOIHDHH'? 

dKeraa OObsACHATS UcHxXOIOriO Yr. AtKomaHa, r. B. P. HanoMMHAaTS 
@pa3zy Kyroipnara: «lI paraxyTh—sastpa me akymepoms Oyzy». Jo 
HBBBCTHOH creneHH eTO OObacHeHie NpAMbHEMO, Kak MHS Kaxercs, 
H EB 6wpokpatia Bb WbIOMb. UpaBuTexbcTBy UpHXOAHAOCH OHOBpe- 
MCHHO OOCIYHHBATS SKOHOMHUCCEH CHABHHIC 9OMEHTH WH DOIMTHYECEK 
BAacTHHe, JalekO He COBNasawmie, kKakb BB8BBCTHO, Bb Pocci#,—cay- 
KHTb TMS, ETO OCHOBHIBAIb CBOe MOAMTHYeCKOe BAinHie Ha 9EOHOMAYEC- 
CKOH MOH, H TBM, ETO CTPOHAb CBOe BKOHOMHMYeCKOe Oxraromoazyyie 
Ha DorlaTuyeckoH Bractu. Pasnoxbicraylomad Wolyialach BB BUS 
ILOABHEHOTO KOMUpOMucca. BpemeHaMu TO OfHO TeYeHie Opaxo epe- 
BBC, TO Apyroe ***), abMb H ONpPeABIAIHCh OTHOMEHIA IpaByTeILCTBa 


*) oT py aH pewakiioHHOA KoMHCCiH 10 DepecMoTpy aakonononomenif e 
KpecThsaHaxb*. Hay. MHHHCT. BH. o. Cn6. 1904 r. Tr. L 
**) .Pycckia Bbzomoctu’, 6 deppana 1908 r. 

***) Kpafife xapakTepHO, ITO UpeACcTaBHTeIAMA 2THXb ABYX} TeveHi He- 
PBAKO ABIANHCh pasha BbAOMCTBA. HanoMHD 2HH30T'> SOpLOH, pashirpas-- 
mificca BBR 1902—1904 rr. mexay IInepe, KOTOpHH CYHTAIb HeBOsMORALIMS 
»UPHPaBRHATh HA BIbALA 3ONJIH Kb YCTHOH 3eMeIbHOA coOcTBeEHHOCTA”, H 
r. Butte, TOkasHBasiHMb HEOOXOAHMOCTE ,pacupoctpaneHia oOmerpaxlzau- 
CKHXB UpaBb“ Ha KPCCTbAHb, Bb TOMB IHCIB HX Bb Cheph HarbIbHAaro seMIe- 
Buarbuia. Bb nayanb 1904 r., rorga Butte ct ero ,cCeMbCKOXOssS ACTBCHHEIME- 
KOMHTCTAMH® HAXOQHJCA Bb OHAIB H aBaHcneHy saHHMant I[Inepe cb ero 
>PewakmionHoh Komuccieh“, nosBHAHCh Tpy4H Nocibaneh. Ho AopecTH #xb 


156 A. ITBHIIEXOHOBb. 


Kb Hal'bIbHHMb 3OMIAMb. Bb STHXS OTHOMEHIAXS, NOCKOABKY OHH 
CRASH BaIHCh Bb 3aKOHOMaTeCAbBHXh AkTAaX'b, AlMHHACTPAaTHBHOK Mpas- 
THES H CO@HATCKHX' PasbACHCHIAX), TATA Kb SKOHOMBUeCKOMy xH6e- 
padH3My CHOpalyeckH CM bHa1aCh IPUCTY LAMA EpbuocTHHYeCKOH peaknis. 

Vis Takb MAO BUAOTS AO DOCIBAGATO BPeCMCHH, KOFAa OND BAis- 
HieMb IpesBHyahBHXh OOCTOATeABCTBS PBUATCALHWH LepeBbch Woxy- 
‘quan «6zara co6cTBeHHOcTH». MBI He JOLHH, OHaKO, 3a0KBaTb, FTO 
Hesaqoiro Lepexh THML MpeAIYBCTBOBaICA Tako Re DOYTH CHADHHH 
HWapokcH3aMb «OGesneyenia Outta». Haxo, BUPOYeME, CKkaBaTb, ITO yHe 
‘TOrAa, Wake NO YIbTpa-peakuionHOMy Upoerty IzeBe, npexANoaarayzocs 
«IpeROCTaBUTb BOSMORHOCTh BCBMb BHAHBAAYAaXbHO-CHILHHMB, YM- 
CTBEHHO TepepOCMHM> EPecTEAHCKIif Mipb OTTBIDHLIME KpecTbaAHaMh 
Hafitd UpHMbHeHie CBOHMB CNOCOOHOCTaMS, PACIPABATh CBO EPHIIbA». 
Cantas Hex3OBHHHM®b BHILYCTATS 9THXS EPCCTAAHS BBE «cHepH Mo0- 
meyeHif O HAXb TocysapcTBeHHO BAacTH» H HAaXOAM BOSMORHEINE 
CXbIaTh BTO TAK, «ITO COCIOBHHM RDéCTBAHCEIM cTpo ocTaHeTca He- 
NOKOCOICHHHIMD>, UPABHTeABCTBO HE H& HHX'b, OLHAKO, BOSIarakO CBOE 
TAaBHHIA HaseRA. «OUIOTh uCTOPHyeCcKOH MpeeMCTBEHHOCTH BB Ha- 
pOJHOH RHB8HH IPOTHBS BCHEHXS paslaraWMuxb Carb H 6eslOuBeH- 
HHXb TeveHifi» OHO MpOOIKaiO BHYBTh Bb KPecTbAHCKOH Macc, 
ylepxuBaeMo# Bb PaMKAXb «OcOOAMBarO COCAOBHATO CTpOsd», Bb CO- 
-CTOSHIH IWJeH, «BOCHHTAHHHIXD BB HEYCTAHHOMD, YNOPHOMB Tpyas, 
IPHBHIKMAXS Kb MCKOHHOK OHOOOpasHoK OOcTaHOBKES Xa3HH, UpiyyweH- 
HHIXh H8MBHYHBHMD YCOBXOMS SeMICNBALYECKAXE paboTh KL COsHa- 
Hi CBOe# 8aBHCHMOCTH OTS BHBDIHAXD CHI UPHPOAW HH, CXbBROBA- 
TCIBHO, OTH Hawalb BHCMAarO NOpatka». 

O6croaTeibcTBa Wocyb TOTO pb8kO H38MBHAUACL. «OOIOTS», Ha KO- 
TOPHH PaCIMTHBaO MPAaBHTeIBCTBO, OKA8AaACH HeHAaXeRHHM'S. «Orpa- 
HAYeHIA BE PAaCHOPAReHiH HAFBIbHLIMA SOMISMA»>, UMBBMIA Bb rza- 
8aXb IPaBATCXbCTBA CMEICIbH 8HAeHIe IMDb «BS HepaspNBHOH CBASH 
Ch HavalOMb COCIOBHOH OOoco6AeHHOCTH» KPeCTbAHCTBA, Cb «<OCOOHIME 
pieMaMa Bb NOpsseB ero yopaBleHia, cya H IpaBATeABCTBeHHArO 
Haysopa», NOTepAIH BCAKYH IWBHY, KOTNS Cb «<OCOOAMBHM> NOPAAROMD 
yupaBleHia» IpaxosHAOCh—Takb, 00 Epafivei mbpb, omHO BpeMaA ka- 
3a10Cb—OKOH¥aTeIBHO pacupoctatscs. LloraTwyeckH BAixTeCIbHEDWD 
KpyraMb, JOPHaBMAMCA, TIABHHME oOpasom'’b, cucTeMoH ynupaBieHia, 
BOAeH-HeBOLeH NPHINAOCh HCKATE NOLCPRKH Y 9KOHOMHICCKA-CHIBELIXS 
SI1eCMCHTOBh,— ame y «XO8sficTBeHHHXb MYXHUKOBE». Hymxno 65170 
cUbmHO [cosqaBaTb HOBHH «<ONXOTb» H AIH OTOTO HeKOTAa ONO BH- 
RYCKATh <MOJHHMANDIMXCH>, KaEb STO Upequosaraxoch upH I1sese, 
10 OfHHOWR'S. HyHO <UpeOCTAaBATb BOSMORHOCTS... PACIPAaBRTb 


nO Kouna []nepe ne yyanocs... BB Kons 1904 1r.—yme Bb om0xy , RORbpia* -— 
NOABHNACh ,GauBCKa M0 KpecTbaHCckoMy buy IIpencbaatena Burcovafime 
yipexzensaro Ocoéaro Copbmanis 0 HYRax} COALCKOXOss8CTBCBHOA NpOMBID- 
xzeHHOCTH cTaTcb-cexperapa C. 10. Barre“, Bb KOTOpOH KpeCTBAHCEIA BOUpees 
‘fT PAKTOBAICA Cb UPAMO UPOTHBONOAORHOA TOIKH spbyHis. 


HA OYEPEABHIA TEMHBI. 157 


EPHibs» BCBMD, KETO TOABKO MOMeTS. Kcaw UpH sTOMb EPeCTbAHe pas- 
NepyTca,—TbMb xryume... Pack, KOHEQHO, ecTb, NpoTopH Hu yOHTEH— 
Heu3OBRAH. Bb WaCTHOCTH Bb WOILSY TX, ETO MOMHHMETCA, HECO- 
MH'BHHO, IpPHseTCH MOCTYNATECA AOAeH, xXoTa On mbcTHOH, BlacTH, Ha 
"TO, KAR MBI 8HACM, H YKasalb Bh cBoe Bpema Fr. CromnmHHs. Ho 
KOTa TpOsHTb EpaXb, TO TH HAH HHBe YOHTEA He CTpamaH... Takb 
pucyetca MHS nocabagift nepeloMt, Kakok mpons0merb Bb OTHOME- 
HiAXh UpaBHTeAbCTEA Kb HABIbHLIMD 3EMIAM'b. Jlaxe y MHHUCTepCTBa 
BHYTPCHHHXS ABI, H81aBHA ABARBMATOCA cpeAOTOUIeM' TBOPAHCKO- 
KPBUOCTHAYeCKUXS TeHeHi Bb IpaBuTeIBCTBS, Hallaach pBOIAMOCTS 
CAbiaTbca «akyMepoMb». OOcTOATeABCTBA «IpPHKa3zadu»... 

Hocab pocnycra neppo# Jymn nogs upexcbaaTeabcTBOM TOB4- 

pula MHHHCTpa BHYTpeHHAXS Abb ['ypco Ont10 oOpasoBaHo MeRTY- 
BbyJOMCTBeHHOe cOBbMaHie, padoTH KOTOparo Jai Bb pesyAbTaTB 
ykashi 9 HosOpa 066 yEpbuaeHin HaybIbHWXb 38eMeIb Bb IBYAYH 
co6crseHHocTh H 15 Hos6pa 0 3az0rb A4Xb Bb KPeCTAAHCKOM® OaHKEB. 
Ho Bb Abactsie STH YKa3H MOFAH BCTYNMTS AMM Cb 1 anBaps 1907 
TOMa, KOFAa 3aBepMusAach OTMBAA BHEYOHHXS WaaTrexe. Wocxrb toro 
Ipomsz0 ye OowbmMe rosa. 
. Kakb Jaxeko NOJBHHYIACh 8a 8TO BpeMA SCMICYCTPOMTCABHELA Oe- 
pani Ha HaXBABHHIXh 3eMIgxb? OdbuniatbHNxb J@HHHXb Ha STOTS. 
cueTb, KAR A YHO CKhasalh, MEI He uMbemb. TOABKO OCeCHbIO KaKb- 
TO OuniosHas <Poccia> coo6muza, ITO Jo 1 centTa6pa 1907 roga 
nocryn#10 109.025 saanaeni# 06% yepboxesia o6munHoh seMIH BB. 
AHYHYW coOcTBeHHUCTS. Bsataa cama 0 ceOb oTa uudpa upercra- 
BIACTCA COBEPICHHO HHITORHOK. 109 Tuc. sasBreHifi Ha BCH Poccin,— 
8TO, CTalO OHITb, HMH OxBayeHO MeHse ‘/,°/ HanbubHok noomagu. He- 
SHAUHTeAbHHIMH PeCACTABIAIOTCA H NpOHBEMIA BL eyaTb DAPpH 10 
Exarepunocaabcko# ry6epHiu: no 27 nos6pa 1907 r. BB sto ry6ep- 
Hin cybrano 8363 sasbaeHia, NpH YemMb yEpbuIeHO Bb AWWHYW coo- 
CTBCHHOCTA 42.213 gec., 4TO COocTaBAdeTS OKONO 1°/,°4 Boe Ha BIb- 
HOH naomatH *). Jocrarouwo cHibHOe ABUReHIC Kb yEPbuseHiwW semMIH 
Bb AHYHYH COOCTBEHHOCTh OOHAPYKAXOCh NORA, DOBAIAMOMY, TOSbEO 
BE Xepconcro# ry6., rab, mo coo6mexin «Poccia», na 1 cenTabps: 
OHO crbraHo 70 30 THC. saaBaeHif, u3b KOHXB oO 10 THC. OHIO 
yxe yoBaeTBopeHo. He cabayerh, OfHakO, YOYCkaTb HSB BHAY, ATO 
BCB OTH JaHHbA OTHOCATCA Kb NePBOMY BPeMeHH 0 BBeAeHIA YEKAsa 
9 HOsOps, korga mbitcTrBie ero He MOrIO elle CKasaTBCA BO BCeH cBOeK 
cuxb. [loromt xBumenie MOmeTE elle MAPOKO pasBHTbCd... 

HecomHbHHO, YTO MACCa EPeCThAHCKALO Hacesenia BCTPhrusa OTOTS- 
yKkasb Bb GoxbMuACTBB MbcTHOCTeli Bb BHICMeH CTeeHA HeCO4YB- 
CTBCHHO, H Cb aTof cTOPOHH ipoBexeHie ero Bb HH3Hb, HECOMH'BHHO, 
BCTpbuaeTbh compoTuBienic. M35 8363 saapueniff o6% yEpbuZeHIB. 
8eMIH Bb XHUHYH COOCTBEHHOCTS, CI'BAAHHWXS 00 KxaTepHHocsaBcKou. 





*) Cu. ,Topapam*, 23 gexadpa wn ,Pbaib’, 25 gexa6pa 1907 r. 


158 A. IBIIEXOHOB'. 


ryOepHin, aHmb 1093 610 YAOBAeTBEHO OOMeCTBAMH, Bb OCTAAbHHXS 
me 7270 cayqaaxb BHABIASWMEMCA IpHMAOCch UpHObrAyTb Kb coAba- 
CTBIN AJMHHUCTpanig, T. e. BABMHeH CHAH. To Ke, cyqa 10 raseTHHM> 
CHBbASHIAMS, IPOMCXOAHTS H Bb APYruxh mbcTHoctaxt. Bs GoxbMIBE- 
CTBB’ciyyaesh OOMeCTBAa OTKASHBAaWT Bb CBOEMS COrsaci#, H YEp- 
NHTb 8CMIN0 Bb COOCTBCHHOCTS YAaeTCA JHDIL ocab Oopb6n, mepexo- 
Aadme wHOr,a Bb Apaky uw Jame cpameHia. Ipusexy yBa-Tpx coobme- 
Hit in extenso. 


Bo Bcbxb DOUTH celaxb,—onNCanH H3b Tapacnombecaro y., XepcoucKkoii 
ry6.,—HAeTb Teleph BHIABAeHie KpeCThAHL H3b OOMHHH, H saM'biarezbHo, 
4uTO HH Bb OAHOMDS OITH CeMeHIH BLIABIeHie aTO He O6omM0Ch ene Gest 
KOH®IHKTOBD HH CKaHAaJOBb... OcobeHHO KpyOHL KOHPABETS OpoHsomers 
Ha 3ToH DOYBB BB cer. Bytopb, rab cxoQb KaTeropHyecKH OTKIOHHAB Xo- 
aaTaiicrpa 60 cpaBHATeIbHO oO6esneyeHHHIX® semMlewo KpecTbaus. [lo mxaa065 
nocabABAXD Bb Bytopb npwH6yAb senckil HAYARLHHKS, KOTOPHA, COsBaBh 
CXOJ'}, HAYA YTOBAPHBATh KpeCThAHS COTMACHTLCH Ha BHIbAewie Upoc#tTe- 
0H H3b OOUIHHH. YRKasbiBak, O2HAKO, HA HeHOPMAIBHOCTL cosqapmiarocgs 
nOnOKeHIA, MpeACTABHTeCAH CXOWa 3AaHBHJIH, YTO COrMAaCHTbCA Ha BHU buewie 
O6mecTBO MOReTh HMB Docub ob6maro nepexbua. Ba neperopoph TéM> 
BPeMCHOMESBMBMAIHCLh H UPOCHTeCAH, H MERAY DOCIBAHHMA H CXOJOMB 22- 
BAZAICA CHOph, Depemexmif Bb NepeOpauky. Uepesb HBCKOALKO MHHYTD Bca 


PpOMATHAA TOINa UpezctaBiaga co6ow ony KAOKOYyMyN Maccy. CrpacrEz 


Bee Gombe H Gombe pasropanuch, BH BCKOph Bd UpocuTeneh nocHMaica rpays 
KaMHeH. YBbmeBaniag seMCKAarO HAYAIBHHRA YCUOKOHNTbCA He JOCTHralHw WBARg, 
H BONeH-HeBONeH, pagqH OpekpanleHia ye6oma, NPHHABWUATO Cepbe3sHHie paz- 
MBpPH, CXOJ% DpHitocb 3akpHTbh. Hiinb Abra O BHABNeHIH H3b OONTHEH 


Nepean Ha yeMoTpBbHie ybsquaro cbbayza *). 


Hanomuto xarbe EpoBaBhifi s1H802%, CPaBHHTeIbHO HeJaBHO pa- 
SHITpaBmifica Bb CBiaKCKOMD y‘b3y'B. 


Hepbctrane Gesnopaakn Bp ceab Ilog6epeshb Caiaxckaro yb3qa mpos- 
ZONINH BCLbAcTBie UPHHYRIeHIA Kb BHABIyY B3b OOMMHN TPAANATH oMO- 
xossesb. OOmecTBO, He COorsuamasch, TpeOopano yaueHiA CTaHOBOrTO oOp#- 
CTaBa H 3@MCKarO HAIMIbHHKA, NPHOHIBIIUXS Cb WELW CHOCOOCTBOBaTh YCEO- 
pexio aba o BHABIB. IIpucrash mn semckii yanHIHCh, HO Yepesb ABa 
WA OpHOHIb HCOPAaBHAKD Cb 29 KOHHBIMH CTPAKHHKAMH AIA yroBopa He- 
cormacHHx. Ilocub apecta mIeCTH KpeCTbAHb yapHin Bb HadaTs. [loqHa- 
HOCb DOUTH BCe ceN0, BOOPyxeHHOe KOAbAMH. CTpaxHHKE CTPBAAIH 2al0aMe. 
YOuTHIXb WH PAHCHHXD KPCCTLAHD HACIHTHIBANTS OKONO ABaquaTa. Hcopas- 
HAKD H36HTb. APeCTOBaHO CBbIMIE WeCTHJeCATH YOLOBEKS **). 


Jlame BL TakHXb MBCTHOCTAXD, KaKb CmoseHcKaa ryOepHia, rxs 
yxe pakbie OOuapymuaz0ch TATOTSHie Kb XYTOPCKOMY xosaHcTBy, ¥ 
IVb Bb CHIY STOO, MOMCTL OLIT, KPeCTbanCKiA OODIecTBa CpaBHE- 
TCAIbHO GWacTO AaWTb CBOe COrdacie HA BHI'BYb, «HHRAaKHXh Hpelat- 
cTBii Kb BHXOAY 8% OOMIMHH H KD SakpBUAeHik HaxbisHoH 3eMXH 
Bb COOCTBEHHOCTb, — 110 CXOBAMD MBCTHOH raseTH,—H6 OKASHB&AH TBH 








*) «<Ogeccria Hosoctn>; QHTHapyh 0 nepeneriaTEB BS «TopapamsB» o> 
11 centa6pa 1907 r. 
*+) .Pbub“, 23 anpapa 1908 r. (rexerpamMMa Hab Kazan). 





HA OWEPEABHIA TEMBI. rsd 


% 


BL TBXb CeleHidXh, BB KOTOPHXS OOMMHHAA 3eMId 1H60 HUKOrAa He 
nepexbiszach, 1H60 Neperbiaiach royb-1Ba TOMY Hasanb. Bs Tbxb Ke 
celeHiaxs, rib Tepes BAW MpowsBORATcA Mepioww4eckH, CeALcHie CXOAH 
BD BHABIS OOMBHHOH SeMIH OOHEHOBEHHO OTKA3HBANTh, Upeliarag 
HlaTh CABAYWMArO oyepeAnaro Mepesbia seMAu» *). 

Ota 6opb6a, HeECOMHBHHO, OyzeTh UpoONRAaTbCA BS AepeByb A 
HocxB TOTO, Kakb yepboresie seMaH Bb COOCTBEHHOCTh 3a TMH HAH 
HHHMH JOMOXOSSeBaMA cOcTOHTCa. BylyTb DOSBIXTBCA HOBHG H HO- 
BH OXOTHHEH DOcrbqoBaTb uxt upamMbpy. Ho a HesaBHCHMO OTh 
aTOrO, IPHCyTcTBie Bb AepeBAS IHMb, SAXBAaTHBOIMXS Bb CBOW NO0Ab3y 
OOmecTBeHHOe AOcTOAHie, OyTgrh eme AOArO BosdyxAaTh IYBCTBA 
BpakIbl WH HeHABHCTA Kb HAMS Bb HX OJHOOOMECTBCHHMEAXD. 3a 
HOBOJaMH LIA UPOABICHIA STAXS AYBCTBD W'BAO, KOHEYHO, He CTAHETh,— 
HalpOTHBh, MOMHO ONACATLCH, ITO TAKUXS MOBOJOBS AIM CTOAKHOBC- 
Hifi, KOra cOOCTBeHHHKH HaUHYTh pealusOBaTb jOcTaBMiscad UMS 
<6iara», NOABHTCA Yepesiypsb Jake MHOFO. 

Ho focTaTowHo ApKO ye OOHAaPyYHUBINeeCCA OTPHNaTeAbHOe OTHO- 
niexie EPecrbAHCKOH MACCHI EB yEg8y 9 HOAOPA HHCKOISEO, KOHEYHO, 
He CMyMaeTh UpaBHTeIbCTBO, H TpsLyoili, BBpOATHO, OYeHb AIHHAHE, 
Hepiogs MexAyycoOi Bb JepeBHb HACKOIbKO, NOBBAMMOMY, eFo He 
yraeTh. KRakb & yae’chasalb, 9TO, OMT MORCTh, Jake BXOJATh Bb 
ero pascueTH. Bo BCAROMS Clyyab Bb HacTOaMee BpeMA OHO HBailps- 
raeTb Bcb ycuxis, wr06H OpoxBHAyTb AbitcrBie yxasa 9 HOsOpA BOS- 
MORHO Jalbile H OXBaTATb HM AepeBHIO BOSMORAO CkOpbe H Mmupe. 

UytTb-1u He BCB cHOMeHiA 10 WbhiaMb sTOrO pola MeHTPadbHHXs 
yapeaeHii cb MBCTHHMH BelyTca 0 Texerpady. Io Kpafinet mbps, 
cyia 00 cBbrbaiams OCcBBAOMHTeIbHATO GHpo, Jame OVeHb OOMUPHHA 
IMPRYIAPHHIA PAasbACHeHIA MHHHCTePCTBA 0 BONpOCaM®, kacaWMMMCA 
npuMbHenia ykasa 9 HosOpa, cooOmawtTca ry6epHaTopams Tererpad- 
HLM WyTems *). Ilo tezerpady xe mepexantca pacnopamenia 0 10- 
CTaBIeHi cBbybHI. Yxe sTHMb MPHBHOCHTCA Bb FAO HeEPBOSHOCTS 
H TOponsHBOCTS. Eme 6oibmee 3HayeHie HMBOTS JIA MBCTHHXD Bla- 
cTeH IpaMHa pacnopaxeHia yckopuTs ybia no UpumbaeHin yrasa 9 
HosOpa. Cogepxanie pacnopaxenifi storo poqa HaMb He“BsBBCTHO, HO 
OHH, OYBHIHO, AOCTATOYHO BPasyMHTeCAbHAL ANA MBCTHHXS BaacTei. 
Tappayeckil, Hanpuwbpt, rydepHatuph 0 Texerpady upexuucal, 
SOMCKHMbh HaYaIbHaKaMb HeMeICHHO UpexUpaHATh yTeulecTBie 0 
CHOHMDb yUacTRaMb Cb IIb YOBIUTS EPeCTbAHD YEPbOAATS Hay'bAb- 
BYyl0 3€M1i0 BL IM4HYW coOcrBenHOcTs ***). XepconcKifi ry6epHaTops 
pacnopasuica, arom Bch Abla sTOTO pola pascMaTPHBalHCh 8eM- 


*) ,»Cmoneackiit Bécrouxs*. [urapyw m0 nepeneyaTKB BD «ToBapH orb» 
OTb 27 Hos6pa 1907 r. 
**) Cm., HanpuMbpb, TenerpaMMH oTb 20 imma nu )4 aprycta, NoABUBMiAcs 
Bb nerep6yprckux raseraxb 21 imaa u 15 aprycta 1907 r. 
***) Cu. ,ToBapnurb”, 27 noa6pa, H ,Pbib*, 29 Hoa6pa 1907 r. 


——— OF dere 


160 A. ISIJEXOHOSS. 


CKHMH HaYaibHHKaMH BBS oeperH *). Bs Iloxpopckol cxzo6oxs 
(Camapcro# ry6.) «10 pacnopsmenii aacteli IPH CeXbCKOME yipa- 
BiCHIH SarOTOBJCHH—Bb NeVTHOMS BHYE—OHOOOpasHhia O*opMyeH- 
Hild SASBICHIA JAA MCAAWMAXS BLKINTECK. CTOATh IHMb ReAaD- 
WemMy MOAUHCAThCA LORS TOTOBHIMD 3acBxeHieMb—HA AbIO NOMIO BS 
xorb». OOxeraenht OpMaxbHOCTH H AAA OOMECTBD: «Bb CeXbCKOe 
paBseHie IpwcianH WeywaTwhe O6pasih JAA cocTaBseHif MpsaToRo- 
posh OOMecTBAMH OTHOCHTeIbHO BHAA» **). BooOme wKCTHHA BSACTE 
UPOABASIOTS, DOBHAUMOMY, BCH CBOW dHEpriw H H30bOpbrarexabHOCThL,— 
He OTCTYHad OLWCh Depeyb OOXOAOM 3aK0HA BH DPAMEINDS ero 
Hapyweniemb,—i2HMb OH BOSMORHO GORE YKPBIATE COOCTRCHHHKOBD. 

Ho pDpapaTexbcTBO H 84 BCBMD TBME XOJOMb ASIA HO AOBOAbEN. 
Ono He Dpoyb ObLI0 Oh eMe YCHARTH SHepTiW MBCTHHXD Bracted. 
Hajbaxt MHHXCTPh BHYTPCHAHXD ABXL BHOBb WAPKYISPHO vOpa- 
THACH KB ry6epHaTopaMs, Nopyiaa AbIO semaeycTpoficrsa, BHAHYD 
WacTh KOTOParO COCTABISIOTh MEDPH, HalpaBleHHHA «KB CO34aHiW # 
PasBATIO AHUHOH COOCTBEHHOCTH Y KpeCcTbaHDB» «<Oco6oH sa6oTb»> AXb 
NpeBOCXOAHTeABCTH'b. 


O6beTHBADINEMDS DCHTPOMb, OLYMCBAADDIUMS BCe ABAO H YCTPAHADMHMD 
BCAkaro powa TpeHia H pasHoruacix,—TroBOpATCcA Bb DUPKYAApb,—ecTecTBeHEO 
JONKCRD ABIATLCA TyOepHaTeph, XHBOG H ABATCALHOe yyacTie KOTOpAaro Bb 
ZCMICYCTPOHTCNDHHIXS HAYHHAHIAXD UpAaBHTCIbCTBAa A CIHFAD He TOXBEO 2a 
JATOIBHHMb, HO H G6esycNOBHO HeOOxOHMHIMS... TpoaBxemie BaMH TAaKore 
KHBOTO YIaAcCTiA Bb BOEMNCYCTPOHTCIBHOMD ABAB HECOMBBAHO OTpPasHTca 62a- 
FOTBOPHO H& ABATCILHOCTH HO TONBKO NOUBBAOMCTBEHHHXDb BameMy ope- 
BOCXOJHTCALCTBY, HO A APYTAxB yapexpeniff, oco6eHHO eCHH pesyAbTATOMS 
aToro yuacTia ABuTCa OHICTpoe ycTpaHeHie UpenatcTBii Hw HeAOpasy wba. 
KOTOPHA BaMH OYRYTS saMBiIeHH, H ycTaHOBAeHie NOOpPHXh, IYMAMXE BB- 
QOMCTBCHHOH posHH, OTHOMeHIA MexAY BCBMH sAaHHTepecoBaHHHMA yIpeRxc- 
HiaMH H JHaMH *®*). 


Ct xzpyro# cropoHH, Bb UpaBaMlwXb KPyraxb CAOKHAOCh ye, 
UOBHAHMOMY, yObxIeHie, ITO BL TAKOME BaxHOMD ABI HeAbSA 10- 
NaraTbCA Ha HAKWaTABY OTTbALANXD IAVb, H ITO HEOOXOAHMO Tper- 
WpHHaTh OOmia MBpH. Bb sTHXb BHAaXb AYMCKAA SCMCAbHAA KOMHC- 
cig IPOeKTHPyeTb—H MHHHCTEpCTBO Cb cBoek CTOPOHHE Kb STOMY 
IIPOCRTY IPHCOCAAHHACCE—-OOBABHTL IHYHOW COOCTBCHHOCTED SeCMID 
BO BCBXS OOMHHAXS, BL KOTOPHXS 8a nOcKbaHie 24 roxa He OnE 
ofmaxt nepexbiosh. Ecan ota mbBpa OyxeTh OcymlecTBAeHa, TO cpasy 
NOABHTCH MACCa «COOCTBCHHHEOBD». 

[ba0, OXHAKO, He BS oBepriH, KOTOPYH UpPOABASCTS UPaBHTOABcrTso, 
H awe He BS OOMEXD Mbpaxt, Rakid OHO UpoBeseTS coodmMa ch 
«rocnoyckoi» Jyno#... Yeaap Y HosOpaA OTMBHHIG DOABOPHYD co6- 
CTBEHHOCTh H BO BCBXS CAYUAXE 8aMBAHIB CO AHYHOH,—HO STO He 





——_ ———— 


*) .Topapums", 12 asrycta 1907 r. 
+*) Tospapamp’, 9 apryctra 1907 r. 
++*) Hopoe Bpema*, 15 despana 1908 r. 


HA OWEPEAGHA TEMU. 161 


SHAIHTS, ITO ceMeHHad COOCTBeEHHOCTS BB Pocciv n0cxB Toro HCYesla. 
CIHIUKOMb KUSHEHB ele sTOTh HHCTHTYTb, ITOOM erO MORHO OnIIO 
YHHYTORUTh DOYePKOMS Uepa. To Ke MORHO Onlg0 OH CkasaTb H pO 
OOMIMHHYW COOcTBeHHOCTL, eCiIH OH 104Ba AIA es paspynienia He 
Oba yHO NOATOTOBAeHA, H eCIH OH, Cb Apyro# cTOpOHH, He OHIO. 
BIaCTHHXh 3aNpOCOBb RAZA, AX YAOBACTBOPeHiA KOTOPHXS BCB 
APYrisl JOPOFH OKAaASHIBAWTCA MperpameHAbMA. 

Heab8a YyckaTb H8b BAHAY, YTO OCBXHKA KpecTbAHCKOH MaccH 
BB €f OTHOMeCHiIAXD Kb 8eMI'B ye HCHOPYeHa,— HCHOpieHa BHEYNHOW 
onepanieH a TBMH MBHOBHMA CX'bAKaMH, H1. OCHOBAHIH KOTOPHIXD Bb 
TeyeHie Bcero NOpePopMeHHarO BpeMEHH KPECTbAHG TOIBKO HM MOFAEH 
PacDIMpATh CBOE seMIeENOAbZOBaHie. SeMIA Bb THAasaXh HacexeHia yxRe 
ycubia cxblaThcA TOBAPOM'S, KOTOPHH MpHXOAHTCH JOOHBATS 8a JeHEIH. . 
B® YacTHOCTH, HaybabHHA B8OEMAH—9TO TOBaph, KOTOPHH ye onsa- 
YOHb,—OUAAIEHD JOITHMA TOaMH Tpyta aH aBmeHif. Babcré ch 
TBM 9TO CaMaA WHHHAA YACTh HUMYMeCTBA, KAKO@ YLalOch PLepRaTh 
Bb CBOHXS PYKAX'b TPYASMUMCA MACCAMS; BL 38CMIN OKABAIOCh BAO- 
KCHHHMS NOYH BCC, YTO BM YAatOch COepeyb BL pesyAbTAaTB MHO- 
TOBBKOBHXD ycusifi. Heab3a, yarbe, yuyckaTb 48% BUY, ITO o9sTy 
30MIN EpecThbahe OMIAaYABaIH AH CBOH cOepemeuid Bb Hee BEJAIbIBAIH 
Bposb, OTABIBHHMA cejeHiama WH ABOpaMH. Buoieb NOKATHO NosToMy, 
GTO Jame TaMb, Try'b OOmuna COXpaHHAach, KPCCThAHE CMOTPATB Ha 
BeMIN, KAR HA YACTHY COOCTBEHHOCTh,—Ha COOCTBeHHOCTA AaHHOk 
HMCHHO JepeBHH, a He BCerO Hapofla Bb COBOKYMHOCTH. 

Mus He pasb yxe MpuXOAHAOCh YKASHBATb, ITO Jake IPH pewBo- 
ZNUif Bb UpAMOM HallpaBleHia UPHMAOCh OH CYHTATBCA Ch STUME 
UYBCTBAMH H BOsspbsiaMa KpecTEsHOKOH MaccH. Haniowaausania Ha- 
WBIbHLIXE WH KYMYHXD KPCCThAHCEAXS B8eMOIb MHB pescTapiserca 
OSTOMY BOSMOXHOK AHMb Bb BUAB CHCTEMH! MBP, KOTOPHA O6es- 
WewnBald Ob, Ch OHO CTOPOHH, HaxomJenie STHXB 3eMeCIb Bb 
TPYAOBOMD WOALZOBAaHIH H, Cb Apyro#, — NocTeneHHNH nepexorb uXxd 
BB OOMeHapogHoe AocTosHie. He cpasy KpecTbAHCKad Macca OCBOHTCH 
Cb HOBKIMH OPMAaMH XHSHH, He Cpasy IIPHBEIRHeETS MOIL8OBAaTbCa 
HOBHIMA UYTaMH, H HE Cpasy yOpoyATca ea OBbpie Eb KOAICKTHB- 
HOCTH Jame 10Ci6 TOO, Kak OHA OYAeTh OpranHs0BaHa Ha AeMOKpa- 
THYCCEHXD Hayataxb. He Oe3b paslyMpa u He Oe3b KozeOanili, 6bITS 
MOKCTh, KPCCTbAHCTBO OTKAKETCH OTS «UpiodpBreHHHXh UpaBh» Ha 
semai. WM ecia, HECMOTPH H& \dTO, A CYHTAaW Halionasnsaliw BCe- 
TaKH BOSMORHOH, TO OCHOBEIBASCh, T1aBHHMb OOpasoM'’b, Ha TPy- 
OBHXS BOsspBHIAXh KPeCTbAHCKOH MaccH. Cb ofnoH CTOPOHH, et 
HOCTATOYHO XOpOMIO ye YCBOCHO BOCNHTAHHOe BCBME CTPOeMb Hamel 
CeIBCKO-X03HHCIBCHHOH MH38HH H TOMMepmuBAeMOe BCBMb XOJOM'S 
.C@IbCKO-XO8SHCTBCHHOH SBONIMIH Hayao, ITO 8eMIA JOARHA IpuHal- 
HORATh TPYIAMUMCA, Ch ApyroH CTOpOHH, CAHIIKOMB ACHO JOI#HO 
OMITh ANH KROIICKTHBHArO pasyMa Haposa, ITO yAepmaTh 8a cobow 

Despanp. Orabar Il. 11 


162 A. IVBITEXOHOBD. 


SeMIKO TpPyqauliecd MOTYTh He HHAaye, KAKS JOBHPABE e@ TOCyAapCcTBY, 
JI@MOKPaTHYeECKH, KOHCYHO, OpraHd30BaHAOMY... 

Tims Goabe IPAXOMHTCA CUHTATECA Cb COOCTBEHHHYCCKHMH 4YB- 
CTBaMH KPeCTbAHCKarO HaceseHiA Tellepb, UpH peBorwnin HacbopoTs, 
KOIM&a HHKAKAXB APYTHXb WyTe#, «TOON epeABHHYTb 3eMEID HIE 
xosacTso HSTS, kKpomb MBHOBWXS crbIOKS. [pio6pbcTs HOBYW seMXND 
KPCCThAHHHD MORETH NOUTH HCKANYATCILHO MWYTCMS KYLAR; BUPYIHTh 
cOepemenia, BIOMCHHHA Bb UpPeKHWW,—He AHAGe, KAKb NyTeMb IUpo- 
namu. Memay TbMb Bb TOMB H APYTOMb HANPABACHiAXt KHSHb TO H 
XBIO UPCABABIACTS BIACTHHA TPeooBanis. 

Bb Hayalb craThH @ TOBOPHAb yee 0 ThXb saTPyAHeHIAXh, Kakiag 
IIPHXOAUTCA DPH HNABIIEMS ALPapHOM CTPOb ACINTHBATh COIbCKO- 
Xo3aiicTBeHHOMY HaceleHiN Bb CBOCMEh pasMbIeHid Ha TeppHTOpiz. 
Jaa nepecezenia nu O6saBezenia xossiiCTBOMb Ha HOBHXh 8CMIAXS, 
KOTOPHA HaxOsATCa 8a MHOFiA THCAYH BEPCTh, Bb COBCPIICHHO HHEIXS 
KIHMATH4CCEHXS H KYATYPHHXE YcAOBIAXh, TPeOyHTCA SHaIWTeIbHHA 
cpexctBa. Memzy ThMb HuEaRHX® nouTa cOepemenifi y Hacesenig 
HBIDb, EPOMB TSXb, KOTOPHA BAIOKCHH BS HalbIbBHA SeMIH. SBIRseTCH 
aelaHie BHPYIATh sTH cOepexeHi#,—a# UpaBHTeAbCTBO, Kakb MHL BH- 
HM’, YRO WOACKASHIBAeTL: YEPbUA cBOH HAaXbIS H Uposak ero,—te- 
nepb H& STOTS cyeTs cBo6ogno... Yxe BB 1907 roxy OnmazH cxyyaH 
Npoamh Hag bAbHOH seMIH NepeceseHNaMHa; BL AaAbHbHMeMh Re Ona, 
BOOIH'S BO3MOHHO, OyJCTh MPAKTHROBATbCA ele MHpe. 

He MeHbIiA saTpyAHeHid MPHXOXHTCA HCHTHBATh HAaCeleHiW H 
Bb CBO@ME pasMBMeHiH Ha 3aBATOH ye YacTH TeppHTOpia... Bs no- 
peopmMeHHOe BpeMA KpecTbaHaMH upioOpbreHo yreMb DOKYORH 
CBHINe6 10 MHIX. ACCATHHS YACTHOBAAASABYeCKOH seman. HO rpomag- 
Haf 4acTb sTOH 3eMAH, NPHKyYNaBMascd 010 MeAOUaM'b, UPRTOpOmena 
Kb XOsaicTBaMh, OCTAaBIIAMCa Ha Wpexnems MbcTb. Jan HeMHOrie 
CIACTAHBOL MOFIH UpioOpbcTH seMAW Bh TAaKOMD KOAWVECTBB, YOGH 
HepeceIHTBCA Ha Hee, OpocHBS cBOH Hay’bawl. BOXLMMECTBY He UpH- 
XOJHXOCb BO YTOOH TO HH CTadO JepmaTbCa 8a CBOH Hak BRIBHHE 
RIOUKH H, CTAIO ObITb, RATh A XOSAHHMIATH TaN, TB RAW H XO- 
SHHHHIaIH HX OTOH UPA KpBUOCTHOMS UpaBb. Ecan OH BCA SeMag 
UIpHHawiemaia TocysapcTBy, TO HaliTH TOTh HAH HHOH cnoco6h Depe- 
ABHraTb xo3siicrsa 10 Mbp Toro, Kakb HaspbBala Bb STOMS TOTped- 
HOCTb, OHIO OH He TpyfHO. Ho MeRAY HAaXbAbHOW seMzewW, ROTOPaAT 
Oba 2aHa Wid «oOesnevenia ObITAa», H YACTHOBLALBALYCCKOW, KOTO- 
PY MOKHO ObIAO DOAYIHTH AHA BMBCTB cb «OxXaraMH COOCTBEH- 
HOCTH®, AeKalb HeUPOXOTHMHH poBs, epelird aepesb KoTopni 
OHO Heib8h H epeNpHrHyTh KOTOPHH xaxekO He BCB OHH BS 
CH1aXb. OTOTh POBb aeTb CeO 3HaTh H coltuach,—Aame nOCcKs 
yxasa 9 HOROps. 

Bn OCYMECTBICHIH SOMACYCTPOHTCIBHHIXS UPABHTOULCTBCHEHXDR Upo- 


€KTOBL— COOOMBID KAKB-TO ONHHD HI HEPOPMATOPOBE , Pin" —BcTpBrewacs 
AOCARHAA WOApoOOHOcTh, HBCKOABKO CMYTHBIIAR Gwpoxparin. Kaxa CuHTD ma- 


HA OMEPKIHMA ‘i bMbi. 163 


ABALHLIA BOMIH KPCCTLAHS, HANS KOTOPHIMA TATOTHWTS Pash OXpauATenb- 
HHA Y3akOHeHia, Cb BHBHANBALHEIMH IPH OOMeMb passepcradili Ha xyropa 
H OTpyOHHe yiactKH?.. Kakb Mol CALLWMANH, 9TOTS BOMPOC OCObeHHO CTpacTHO 
qe6aTapopadca Bb Oco6oH KOMMHCCIH OpH MUHUCTepcTBS wcruuiu, rab 6nAK 
H IpeACTaBHTeCHA APYTHXb 3adHTepecoBaHHbixd BBAOMCTBD. Ilonywustoch pas- 
Horgacie. MeHbIIHHCTBO HaCTaBBalo HA TOM, ITOOM! Had bAbHAA 3eMIA HeUpe- 
MBHHO OLINa OTTPaHHIOHA OTS BASHANBA‘HOH... BoABIMHHCTBO UIeCHOBb KOM- 
MHCCIH... CKAOHAIOCh UpHAatTh Bcea semIb, UAYWIOH Bb pasBepcTKy, suaveHie 
HAaXBIbHHXDS seMetb. OcTAaHOBKa 38 MAJIHIMb: 3a COrmaciemMb caMuxdb Bia- 
Abubuenb. [la wW kpecThsHCKIM OAHKB He COBCBMS OJOOpPHTeEILHO OTHOCHTCA 
Kb HAlOReHilO TA6y HA KYUNCHHHA OTb Hero seMIH. YRe HW Tenepb NeRO- 
HMEH TpYXHO BSbICKHBATh, & TOA UHILH Upouano... OTOT kasycHblit BoO- 
npocb OyzeTh BCKOph BHECeHD Ha pascMOTpBHie COBBTA MHHHCTPOBS, 2 3a- 
TBMb Bb BAIS ocoOaro sakoHoupoektTa mocryuutTs Bp TocyqapcTBenHyo 


elyuy *). 


Ho seMAeycTpOHTeAbHEIA KOMMHCCIH HAW, UOBUAUMOMY, cOCcOO'S 
OOofTHCh BB AaHHOMD cayyab wu Geab Jyun. Usp «O6s0pa> ux I'b- 
ATCABHOCTH MBI Y8HACM'S, YTO OTS KeAawWMlaro upiobpkeru 6agkoscKili 
XYTOPb, OHH TpeOyHTh, ITOOH OND NpoAaIb Hagbabnyiwo 3emaw. Ips 
BceH pPHCKOBaHHOCTH aTOH Olepani4#, O1eHb MHOTi€ KpeCTbAHE, HeCO- 
MHBHHO, BLIBYRICHH OyAyTh Ha Hee COrAacHTbes. WMHTh Ha Hal'BIb- 
HHXb KIOUAXb cTadO ye HeBMIHOCHMO,—NOHeBOIS OMbselb Bb 
OaHKOBYH NeTIO. «XOTb rupWe, Ta HHDIC>—Kakb TOBOPATh WO sTOMY 
NOBUAY BB Xap koBckoH ry6. camu kKpectbane... **) Takum o6pa- 
30Mb H Cb OTOH CTOPOHH BAACTHAA AMHSHEHHAA DOTPeOHOCTh cepbesHy 
Tpo3saTh oOO6muHS. | 

Mexay ThMb uM'bwtca H Apyria uoTpe6Hoctu... Ba HbROTOpHX’ 
MBCTHOCTAXD HadaWsaeTcA cTpemsenie Kb OObeMHEHIO IpHHase- 
HalluXh KaRIOMY xXosalicTBy DO0Ch BL UbAAXb ycTpanenia wepes- 
TOAOCHOM H JAHHHOS@MeIbA, H, BMBCTB Cb TbMb, Kb OOvCOdreHIIO 
XosalictBa BB WbIAXtb OcBOGomMeHIA CTO OT MPHHYAHTeIbHALO C'BBO- 
o6opota. Hecomabuno, 4To eTy MoTpeOHocTh MORHO H fame sere 
YAOBICTBOPHTh UpH KOAACKTHBHOMS mpaBb codcTBesHocTu. Jiu3Hb 
Haiasa yee BpadaTHBaTb HYKANA Aja esTorO opMH. Hanomawo 
XOTA Obl «COTHIO», OMHCAHHYO HBCKOIbEO IBTS ToMy HasayD K. A. Bo- 
poObeBHiMb, pH DoMOMH koTUupoh spocaaBcKie KpeCTbaHeE CBOASTb 
qocex’ MHOTOUHCACHHHA Tot0chHl Bb HeMHOrie «oTpyOn>. Lowa Epe- 
CTLSHAM WPHXOAMAOCh OOAYMHIBATH STUTb BOUPOCh BpPO3sb — 4YTb He 
Kamo Repesab Bb OTASILHOCTH, — KOHEWHO, HaspbBasmlaa norpeb- 
HOCTS YAOBACTBOPAIACh OYCHB MeACHHO. JerkO MOHATh OHAKO, 4TO, 
ecaH Obl H&J’ STHMS BOUpOcOMS padotata Oorbe mupokad kolIJek- 
THBHOCTh H @CHH OM pesyIbTAaTH HapOgHOH MHICIM He Upomajalu, a 
KOAUPUNAPOBALACh, RAK KOMUPUOUPYWTcA Teleph BSMBIMIQHiA 4H- 
HOBRHKOBS, TO Ta ®e CaMad NOTPeOHOCTh, BBPOATHO, OYeHb CEOpPO 
cTaaa OH YAOBIeTBOPATHCA HeMeZICHHO NO BOSHMEHOBCHIN... Ho BoTh 











*) ,BS aqMOHACTpaTHBHHXS Kpyraxh’. ,Pba*, 10 noa6pa 1907 r. 


**) Cu. ,Topapams”, 15 inua 1907 roga. 
11* 


164 A. IBIEXOHOBS. 


ABISETCA MPABHTeIbCTBO, KOTOPoe BCe yae OOAyMaxO: pascesafitecb 
Ha xXyTOpa, yEpbniaiire semi Bb IAqdHyH cObcTBeHHOcTS! BCA 3eMIA 
6yqeTh BOKPYTb NOMA, KawINH camp ce6b 6yrze1h xo3auHous!. Co- 
OxasHHTedbHo... [papla, RH8Hb Ha XYTOPB Jas pycckaro EpPecTbAHBHA, 
IPHBLEMarO KATE MipOMb™), HMBETS CBOH HENPIATHHA CTOPOHH,—H 
Aid xo3sfcTBeHHaro MYRHKA, OHITH MORETL, OCOOCHHO IYBCTBATCIbEW A: 
Cb TOUKH 3pbria Ge3sonacnocTu, HanpuMbps. Yxpboachie 3em1u BB cos- 
CTBEHHOCTS, 6e3% BHb.1a eX Kb ONHOMY MBCTY, TOKE MpesCTABAAeTh Ma-10 
NpHBAeCKATeIbHAarO: BM'BCTO xXosalictBeHHOH cBobozW upiobpbrems, 110- 
maayH, TOAbEO CCOpY H Apssru. Ho pasb ecTh moTpeOHocTh a BBD 
Ipyruxt wyteH Aad es YyAOBeTBOPeRi#, TO BOSMORHO, ITO MBHOTIC 
CABAaOTE NOUNTEY BOCHOAb3uBaTLCA ThMb, KOTOpHH Takb OxoTHO — 
ake Cb BOCHOCOOIenIeMb OTH KASHLI—NpessaraeTh UpaBuTCAbCcTBO. 

Aaxrbe. 3HauutesbHad YACTh EPeCThaHCKaro HaceleHia, Hagbsen- 
Haro KOrAa-TO 3eMAeCKO H BHIKYUaBMaro e@ 3a EPYTOBOW MOpyKOW, AE- 
BETS Tellepb Bb [OpOaXh, 8AHATAH BCAKHMA IpoMHCAamH. Muworie yxe 
HOTepsIH HayeXAy BePHYTLCH Bh AepeBHN, HHHIC He HMBHOTS H OXOTH. 
Mexary Thm TaMb OcTasach 8CMIS,—OKYNIeHHAaA 3eM1S,— 3a ROTOPYD 
OHH TOKE NXaTHAK, H OPHTOMS MAATHAH HHOTAA «coycTa», Rake He 
HOAbsyAch ew. Broan ecTrecTBeHHO Resale BAPYIHTb, ITO Bb Hee 
BAOKeHO,—TbMD Gombe, ITO BW Bb TOPONb RATH He ACTKO: 3a OXBY 
KBaPTHpY CKOILKO WAaTHTb MPHXOANTCH... OXOTHHKH ABKBAABPOBATB 
CBOH OTHOMeHiA Cb JepeBHeH, KOHEYHO, BMBWTCH,—H yRa3b 9 HO- 
uOpa Aaerh HMB JIA 9TOTO FOTOByN dopmy. 

MomHo 68.10 Ob yKasaTb MHOrie Apyrie HABSHCHHNE SalpocH, k0- 
TOPHe OO1eTIATL NPABHTeAIbCTBY eFO MOXOAS UpOCTHBd O6MBHEH, HO Hax- 
GOABMIYHO YCAYTY, HeECOMBSHHO, OKaKeTD eMY cTpeMJeHie Kb HARB, 
KOTOPOG Takb AeCTEO pasBHBaeTcA Ha NOIBB cOOCTBEHHOCTH. OTO 4yB- 
CTBO IPaBHTe@ABCTBY yHe YAalOch UpOb6yAUTh Bb KPCCTbAHAX’S, H OHO, 
Kak NOKaSHBalTh BCH BMbwOMiaCH CBbAbaIg, ABEReCTCA JO CHEXS 
NOpb TIaBHHIM', CCIH HO CAHACTBEHAHIMS, CLO COW3SHHEOMD 00 ykpb- 
TACHI Hasbabyok seMAM Bb ABIHYO COOCTBeHHOCTS. 


Tleppala Opomedia o 3akpBOIeHiH HayBabuoh 3eM-1H,—4HTAaeMb ME BS 
»Hopomb Bpemesn’,—6nl1H noqanH Bb Barkosckout yhaah ONBMHMA ORE- 
HOCTHHIMH JHUaMH KpeCThAHCKAarO YNpaBeHiA, r1aBHHMD OOpasomMs OLIBIIHME 
BONOCTHHIMH DHCapAMH, CTAapOIHHAMH, CCNLCKHNE UHCAapaMH, CTapOCTaMH, 3TH 
Hla Ckopbe packycuiH CyTb HasBaHHaro sakoua. O1HaKko, Kora oTH DepBLs 
upomenis ObIH UPOYHTAUb! HA CXOJaXxb, Bb UPHCYTCTBIH 3eMCKHXb HAYAAL- 
HHKOBb, TO CXOAM OTBBTHIN pBIUATeALHEIMS Hecorsaciemb Ha BHABAB Hab 
O6UNUHArO DObsoBaHiA 3eMich Bb WNIBOe. Hanpacno semckie HawaAbBHKE 
paz bACHAAN Cxoyawb, ITO NocrB HA o6a8anHb BHIABINTh CBOeMy OHOObHE- 
*) fluarouy, MOKETL ObITh, CKOABKO HHOYAb 3aMBTBHe pesyAbTaTH 2o 
YaCcTH XYTOPCKaro pasBepcTaHiA NpaBHTeALCTBY YAa-10Cb AOCTHIHYTS IAI 
Bb chBepo-3alaqHbxb rydepHiaxt, yb kpecTbave NpeBHKIH yae HTS 
MeIKHMH DocerkamH. Bp [IckosckoA, HanpuymMbpb, ry6epuid Bb BBKOTOPHXB 
Yboqaxb waciuTHBaetca cBIMe 1000 cereHia; aepeBHa BE 20—30 aBoposBS 
CaBTAeTCA yRe OOAbUIONW, BO MHOTHX'’b XC WOpeBHAXD RABYTh 3—4 CembH. 


ita UWEPEAHBIA TEMI. 165 


CTBOHHNKY CHBAYeMyN OMY 380MI10, ITO BB cuyyab wecormacia cxonqa yb3I- 
HHA Chb34b COOCTBEHHOW BIACTbH DPOHSBeLOTS TakOh BABI’ H yKpbuUIe- 
Hie semua. Cxoqn OIG HenpeKIOHEH... Ho BoTh Upomsa eme 1—2 mbcana 
H DPOCHTOIH NOAYIBIA AAHHWA OTB yhsquaro chbsza Ha 3sakpbusenie 3a 
HAMH OOWMeCCTBCHBHIXDE HAaNBIOBD... Takb OnLIH BHABICHN NepBHle OOUIECTBCH- 
HHO HANBILE Bb WHIBYH co6cTBeuHocTs. HM BeabAD 3a STHMB OpoMmenia 068 
YEPBOACHIH HAD BALHOR BeMIH CTAIH MOCTYMaTh DeOCATKAMH Bb KAKIOM'S Ceb- 
CKOMb OOmlecTBS; BTOpyl rpyuoy xowaTahcTBYNHMLHXDS OOb 3sTOMb COCTaBHIA 
Han6o1be MHOTOCeMeHHEIG ZBOPH, Ha NOMW KOTOPHIXb upHxoyutca 4, 6, 6 ny- 
MeBHXb seMCIbHHXb HAN ‘IoBb, 38 HHMH CTH XMONOTATh MHOTIG PAZOBLIE 
KkpecTbave... Bh KakOMb CeNeHin,—roBopHTca janbe,—oTHckatHch oco6ne 
XONaTaH, KOTOPNe 3&8 DOI6yTHAKH BOAKH HIA DOATHHHAKD CTpOwaTh HECINIK- 
HHA Opomenia o BHABIS BB COOcTBeHHOCTS Hag baABHOH seman. CxoqH, Of- 
HAKO, 10 UpexHeMy HE COrNamManwTcA Ha TOOpOBONbHOS OTUYRACHIC BeMIH, H 
AbIa ITH OKOHYATCABHO PHuIAeTS YH3IAHHA cEb3yd *). 


Topopa KOpPOTKO: «He cTad BOPOHOBb CaeTadwach Ha IpyAy TIbw- 
Mux kocTe»,—coOpalach Upemse BCerO XHMHHEH HU Mapa3HrH, 
KOTOPHe yite NPHBHKIH UHTh H COCaTh KEPOBb TPYAOBOrO Hapoja. 
«CxoJH OTBBTHIH pPbIMHTeIbHHMD Hecormaciemb»... <«Cxoxb Olid He- 
TpekKIOHAH»... «CXONM N0-lpexHeMy He COrdamawrTca»... A OHH,—«aTH 
nya, Ckopbe packyCcuBMia cCyTb Ha8BaHHarO 8akOHa»,—pByTB cebb- 
@ pByTh, pw coxbiictain Baactef, xaBoH OpraHu3Ms Ha yacTu. Mo- 
KeTE OT, TPYAHO UpeAcTaBuTs ce6b Oorbe oMepsuTeIbHYW KapTuRy, 
WBMB HAPHCOBada Ham MoOMepRuBAWM ad IpABHTeIBCTHO raseTa. 
9TO RapTHHa—THUAIHAad. Kou «x m0sB0xH ceOb mpuBecTH eme Omny 
BLIJepREY, TO JAA TOTO AAW, ITOOM MOACHATS, RARb BTATHBACTCA BD 
STOTL XHUIHHYECKIA Mpolecch pAAOBOe KPeCTbAHCTBO. 


Bs cenb Uymaskth, Lers6uuckaro yhana, nb0n rogb nocrb nosprenia 
Ha CBBTS 3akoHa 9 HOAOGPA KpecTsAHe HHYeErO O HEM HC |FOBOPHAH, KaKb 
OYTO H He Haid O ero cymlecTBoBaHiv. Ho mbcama ABa-TpH TOMY Hasalb 
3AKOHD CTANH OOCYKAATE HA BCH WaXH H HA CXOZKAXb H Bb YACTHHIXb CO- 
Opauiaxh. 1 Bb oTH ABa-TpH Mbcaua AepesHh pasyPannacb Ha TpH AarepsA: 
Ba—ABHO BpaxeOHHXb APYTb APYTY H OABHHb—HeATPAILAHH. BpaxayoTD 
GorauH cb Oorbe ObAHHMH H MALOSeMCILHHMH, a KpecTbhAwe cpenHea pyKH 


NOKA BHAKATAWTh, ITO S6yzeTs **) 


Cpeazvee KPeCcTEAHCTBO OCTaeTCA BB AAHHOMS CAyIaB DOka cHoKOH- 
HHIMB... Ho ecdH MHOFO8eMCIbHHI€ YPBYTb YacTb OOmaro AOcTOAHIA,— 
TY HMCHHO YacTb, KOTOPad pA NepBoMsB me Depexbrb AOIMHA OWla- 
OH Depefita Kb MaNOSCMCIBAHIMS,—-TO H OHH NOOBrYTS 435 OOMMEH, 
QTOOH COXpaHHTb TO, YBMB Tenepb cHOKOHHO BlaybiTh. 3a HXd ye 
CueTE Upasetcs, BbAb, WbiaTh UpAOaBEy MadoseMeIbALIM’S. Iponecc’s 
WpoTekaeTh, KAKb HE TPYTHO OHO MpeABAA'STh ye UpH u3sanin 
yrasa 9 HosOpa ***), OxBaTHBad MOCTeMeHHO OMHY YaCTb AepeBEH 3a 


*) ,Hopoe Bpema*, 18 neka6pa 1907 r. 
**) ,[piypamse*. [urupyo no ,Pyccxams BByomoctams* oT 20 anBapa 


1908 r. 
***) Cu. ,Ykasb o rpasemb“. ,Pyccxoe Borarcrao“, 1906 r. xexadps. 


166 A. OBMEXOHUBD. 


APYToW, 8apamkad Bce OOADINYHW GACTh KPOCThAHS CTPCMACHIOMS YPBaTs, 
4TO TOIBEO MOHO. 

He rpyquo mpelBay brs, 4To vTO HesJoOpoBoe cTpewsenie, TO Hapoctas 
H3BHYTpH, TO IIpHUAeTAsCh H3BH'S, BCEAO MOUTH ONpe;bAHTS cobow 
XapakTeps Uponecca... BHM 2 YHOMAHYA’b, ITO HBEOTOpHe Tepece- 
ACHOW MpokaBaln cBOH Hamban, —H HAKHBA YRC HAORHAA CBOW Te- 
YaTb Ha 9TH MagTH. 


»HBROTOpHE H3b BH ABIBBIIHXCS 43% OOMBHH—coobmanrTh H3b CMOxeE- 
cxoh ry6epHin—orupaBiawtca Bb Cu6ups, rxb onH ycOobInd ye 3aHCARTs 
32 COOOW ZEMCIBHEIG YIACTKH, H HOHYKAYO HMDS OOMIUHHYD seMAD NpOAawrTe je- 
peBeHCKHM®S kynakam’b. Kytakn wa sToH ouepanin AblawTS HeAYPHHIA adepy. 
Takb BB cerb Bep6xaxb OJHHD H3b CKYODIHKOBL, upio6phra y nmepecerzap- 
unxca Bb Cu6upp 17 yxecatuns nagbabywok semana m0 50 py6. 3a ecaTHBHy, 
Hepenpowantb Telepb aTY me SEMIN KpecTbAHaMB cexa Bep6orse no 230 py6. 
3a JeCcaTHHy *). 


Bb CBa8H Cb KOJOHH8aMi0OHHHM) Ipomeccomsb uMbaH ye mBCTO # 
Ipyrie, He MeH’e xXapagTepHHe dakTH. Han6orbe apsifi usb HHX> 
OTHOCHTCS KB MexHTonosbckomy ybaay Taspuueckofi ryOepnia. Orcwaa 
YR AQBHO MHOFie EPeCThAHe DepecesHAHCh Ha Kaprass, ryb wpase- 
TCAbCTBO OJHO BPCMA UpPeAOCTaBARIO DepeceJeHwaMs WMpOKia AbLOTH. 


Yma1H 6o1bMeW YACThO BKOHOMHYCCKH OGesNeIeHHHe BCMCHTHI, KOTO- 
pH6 NpeBOCXOZHO YCTPOHIHCh H&a HOBHIXS 3CMAAXb, UPCBPATHIACh H2b seMAC- 
UBASTCBD BS 3OMICBIAN BALLERS. OHH AKKAHMATH3HPOBAAHCh Ha HOBOM porHHt 
HM COBepuUIeHHO 3a6HIH Oo Taspaab. H Bapyrs reneph, cb Haqaniems sakoxa 
O CBOOOXHOM'b BHIXOXS H3b OONIHHD, OHH DORAIOBAIH 8&8 DOTYACHIeME CBOHIR 
Hanbruoss... Jlerko ce6b mpeycTaBATb, cocrosHie, NepexHBaeMoe KPCCThAHAME 
TBXb Celb, HA [TONOBHI KOTOPHXb HeOKEHTAHHO OGPYNIHAHCh 93TH Upz- 
IMe@IbIb... **), 


Cryxb 0 rpa6exb, kako# Hwauyasca BB Esponeticrofi Poccia, x0- 
HecCa AO CaMHXb JawekHxXh Okpaneb. WH Tamb wHallawch OXOTHHBE 
UP#HATh BL HEME yuactie. Teyexie etO—a 0 Hem’ CBBAbHIA UMBWICS 
8b PasHhXxXb MBCTb — IpO3HA0, WOBHAHMOMY, Cpasy UpHHATS Tagie 
pa3MBpH, WTO ye Bb aBrycTbh MpaBuTeabCTBO, Bb pascyeTH KoTOpard 
H€ BXOMHI0, KOHEGHO, 4TOOH eBponetickie kpecTbaHe NAaTHAA 3anb 
CHOUPCKEM, PASbACHHIO DO Telerpady rySepHaTopamst, ITO 


MepeceteHnw, nepecenuBiiecs Kb CTAPORHINMD OOMECTBAME, elle He DOXY- 
YHBMAMD ZCMCIbHALO YCTPOHCTBA, PABHO KAKb LepeceteHOW, BOABOPeHHble Ha 
OTB@JCHHEIX’ HM’ YIACTEAXd H3b CBOOOJHNXS KASCHHHXE, 3OMCIb, HE HM BIQTE 
upaBa Ha ykpbugeHie Bb CBOW AHYHYH COOcTBeHHOCTh Bb NpexHHXt oOGame- 
CTBAXh YYACTKOBS H3b OOMHHHOK seman ***). 


Takb &e OXOTHU H YMBIO JON HAaRHBH MpPAMashlBaWTcCs HH Bt 
APYTHX® cayyasxt. Bole J YOOMAHYIb, ITO Bb TOPO’ He MazO Hak- 


ee i ee ee ee 


*) Cu. , Topapums‘*, 27 noas6pa 1907 r 
*#) .Phab*, 16 gexadpa 1907 roga. 
st) .Pycb*, 15 aprycra 1907 roga. 











HA OURPEABHA TEMH. 167 


JeTCH KPCCThAHS, KOTOPHE ye MOTepsin HakeRIy BePHYTLCA BB e- 
pesuo... W BoTh MNpaXOATCA CABIMATE pasckasil, Kakb Jepepexcsie 
KY14KH, He MOBOABCTBYACh YEP'BUAeHiemS 3a cOOOW <yyaACcTKOBS OOMUE- 
HOH SCMIH, COCTOAIIHXS Bb Xb NOCTOAHGOML (HE APeHAHOMS) DOb- 
BORaHIH», PAaSHICKHBAWTS 10 ToposaMs COMBOINXCA Cb UYTH OAWOCeAb- 
Webb, UPHBOSATb HX’ HA POAAHY HW SAXBCb, 43b-3a HXb CHEN, Opo- 
AbinBaWTS BCH OpMaIbHOCTH WO YEPBUICHIW HXb HabAOB'b, KO- 
HeyHO, BS CBOM HOAbsy. Brpowemt, caa6eixb o1eM6HTOBh Bb OOHE- 
manme xepeBHb # 6e8b TOO MHOTO, —CTaio OITA H Bb TOPO, 8a 
HUMH ‘B38qHTb Heyero. «Asp Merutonoapcraro yb3ga cooomawrTsh, ITO 
HBEOTOPHe EPCCTAAHE, NOIVIABDS OTA'BIBHHE BeMeIbHHe HaNbAW upo- 
yawTh uxb nv 100 py6. 8a AecaTBHY cKYNMukaMsS... CymecrBynmladg 
o6nunad mba 220 py6.» *). Bb TamOoscro# rpOepHiu, «Oxzaroqapa 
HacTOSHiSMS MHHHCTEPCTBA Mepekb KPecThAHCKHMH yu IpemJeniamMHA 
YCKOPHTL BHXONG EKPCCThAHS B83 OOMUAH, Bb HACTOAMeCe BPOMA BTOTh 
BONPOCS BCTYMaeTh BO BTOpyH dasy. HBKeorople KpecThake, ycu'bay He 
TOILEO BHIHTH 435 OOMBHH, HO H NepenposaTh CBOH yYacTKH ApyruMs 
AHTaMb, T. €. COBeEpMeHHO ObesseMerHTS ceba»... **). 

OAHUMS CIOBOM'S, BCE HJCTh, KAKD CABAyeTL... «MBTBBATYaIbHO- 
CHAbHHIS» IJHYHOCTH, NOLYIHBS BO3MORHOCTS «NOMHATLCA> H <«paciipa- 
BHT KPbIAbs», AABATS Opemse Bcero «lormOawolaxb». Mono yu- 
BHATLCA TOAbKO 9SHEPrin, Kay UPOABASeTS MpaBHTeICTBO, YTOOH 
TOMOU HMb Bh OTOMS HEMPHBICKATeAbHOMD AA’. Toabke ceOa koM- 
IpomMeTupyerb... Memzy ThmMb, OHO MOFXO OBI H HCBHHHOCTL COXPaHHTh 
M RauHTasS mpiobpbcta. M 6es8b wero, BAL, ASAIO cabraetcs. Jlocra- 
TOWHO OHAO MPeAOCTABHTS «cBOOOLy», & 3aThM'b, MpPONecch cams cobow 
pasoBberTcs. 


Aa, Tponecch MOReTS UMPOKO pasBHTECcS... MHOTHMD Jame Kamerca 
4TO NYTh YRC PaciHMleHb, H MHI ye BCTYWACME BL HOBHH Nepiox, 
uctopia. WM coctaBb cHYTHHKOBS ye oupexbausaca: arpapiii, Oayeps, 
mpoxerapi#t... «A Bbyb UpaBH OHAH MAPKCHCTH, KOTOpHe Bce xo3aii- 
CTBOHHAIO MYKHIKA NOAKUIRIH»—AYMaeTb, OWT MOKETS, BHOK OOnI- 
Teab. [paBh 41H He 1paBH 64147H OHH,—9TOTS BOUPOCh A N0Ka OCTABID. 
Ormbay IM0%b OJHY ONJOMHOCTS, KAaKYH AODYCTHAa RAZHb MPOTABh 
reopig. Hams sce BpeM# YyTBepaala, ITO «x03alicTBeHHNi MyxH- 
GORb» SABHTCH camMb coOo#; BL pesyabTaTB craxifigaro mponecca; 
Ooxmbme Toro: yabpaAIH, YO OHS yRe uMbetca ***), OxasHBaerca, 


*) *Pbip*, 20 nexadpa 1907 r. 
**) .Pyccxia Bbyomocta’, 11 anBapa 1908 roga. 

***) TlonmkeHb, BUPOIOMb, OTMBTATL, ITO r. MacazoBs uepBulli upHsHancs, 
YTO HA ITOTS CVCTS BHA MANIeCHbKad OMIHOKa. Bb qepesad, kAKE OKAsatoch, - 
HpowcxorzwAa He ,quppepenmiania®, Oncrpsle ycubxa KoTOpoh Takb Jouro 
JIOKASHBadH MAPKCHCTH, a ,NaynepHsania®, 00 TepMHHODOTiH YT. Macuoza, 
T. ©. TO CaMoe® MaccoBoe OOHHManieC, O KOTOPOMS WaBHO ye MHCadH HAapo.- 
HER. 


ad 


168 A. USIIEXOHOBD. 


ONHA@KO, GTO STOFO CAaMAaFO <MYRHUKA» CITBMHO JOIKHO COBAABATD TE- 
le@pb IpaBHTeAbCTBO H AMD IPH DOMONH efO DAAHOMBPAHXS ycaxifi 
OHb MOMCTD 3aHATS BL HuBAH WoAOOawmee eMy MBcTO. Takoro BsaHMO- 
OTHOMeCHIA MeRAY <MOIHTAKOH» H <oROHOMAKOH» MApECHCTCKag TeOpid, 
Kakb HSBBCTHO, He IpexycMaTpuBaers... Ho, OCTaBHUM 9TO TAKb Ke, 
kakb H TsaBHiit BL AaHHOMB ciyyab BOUpPOCh, ETO HM@HHO TAES 
SBCTBCHHO OO03sHadHACA cef¥ach Ha TroOpH30HTS? JbHCTBHTeALHO 4H 
8TO «XoBsHcTBeHBHA MyxXHIOKD», cHocoOanf H ToTOBHH NOAHATA Mpo- 
H8BOMMTCADHEIA CHAL! Bb CCIBCKOMS XO3HHCTBB, HAH He MpOcTo-Ha- 
NpOcTO CHE€KYIAHTS, POCTOBIWED, KYLA, KOTOPHH u JO CHXB Mops 
OepAPOBAAb Bb JepeBn’? 

BepoeMcd ay ulle Kb 11aHaMS MpaBHTeAbCTBA, Kb OCHOBHOH saxags, 
KaByH OHO ce6B NocTaBHa4s0: cO3qaTb KpBUKATO KPeCTbAHHHA H CBO- 
Ooxnaro MpoOwsBOAuTesA, KOTOPHH eMy HYRCHb BL KAvecTBS «OUMOTA?. 
MoxerTb OHTb, OHO H paspbMHTh ee 8a CIeTh HaXBAbHWXb SeMECH, 
KOTOPHXS <«IeCPBCHCTBYWMeMY COCIOBIN», KOHEIHO, He HaakO’ boxke, 
YbMB COMHHTCIbHO... SH He CTaHY YRa3HBaTb H& PasHHly HAWHYS, 
ycroBili cb BSMeNKUMH, XOTA ON, HalpamMbph, Ha HEBOSMORHOCTL, ch 
ONHOH CTOPOHH, WocTanuTb Oayepa BMbcTB cb arpapiemsb DOA Salety 
TaMORMCHHAIO WOKPOBHTCALCTBAa, & Cb Apyrofi—upexOcTaBHTb Mposzera- 
pisMb JOCTaTOWHOe KOAMYECTBO pabOTH Bb chephb NPOMNIMACHHOCTE. 
OT@ TeMa RacTaBHAa OH MCHA YepesYyPh YKAOHHTSCA Bb CTOPOBY. 
He Oyxy 4 uM UpexyrakwBatTb THX CHpIPHZ0Bb, Kaki KHIHb MORETS 
elle IpeuoxHecTA Bb OTBBTb Ha YKPbUIeHie HasbsAbHOH seMAH BL 
AHUHYIO cOOcTBeHHOCTA. A CHPIpPASH (NOTOMb, Kakb H Bb APYTHXs 
OTpacdaxh seMieycTpolicTBa, KOHCYHO, OKaReTCH, FTO HXb He TPyAHO 
OHIO MpeAYCMOTPBTb) MOTYTS ONITE BCHEIC,—Bb TOME WCIB w Takie, 
ROTOPHe HeNOCpeACTBCHHO BHITEKYTE H38b yka3sa 9 HOROps... *). Octa- 
HeMca Bb chepB alpapHHXxb oTHomeHifi u Oyyemb UpaxepRHBaTECA 
MakTOBb, KOTOPHIe ye ONpPeABINABCL HIH HAMBTHAUC. 

Haguy cb Toro, YTO BPOMCHAaMH KaKeCTCA NCHTPAAbHHMS WYHETOMS 
BB arpapHo mporpamMb mpaBuTewscTBa B YTO HMeCHHO HBKOTOPHXS 
mpeabmaeTb Bb Hell. OcBoOo,HTb AM TpaBHTeAbCTBO CeIBCKOXOSaE- 
CTBCHHAarO MpOHSBOAUTeCAA BB TCXHHYCCKOML OTHOWCHIN,—OCBOGOAHTS 
1H OHO efO OTb UPAHYABTeAbHAarO cbBoodopota # BCbXb IPyTuxX’ crs- 
CHeHi#, CONpaxeHHHIXS Cb OOMMHOW BB Cd HHASMBCMD BEX? Mat 


*) Haa opumbpa ykaxy xoTa 6 Tako#, BNOAHS BOsMOREIA, copnpysE.. 
YkpBUATb KpPeCThAHHAS CBOM MOAOCH Bb AHWHYW COOcTBEHHOCTL H yYcno- 
KOHTCA: Teleph MOKHO BeMEILKY XOPOUIEHbKO YHABOSHTS H WamKe pasBecra 
MAIHHY WIH KIYORRKY. StH Onaria HaMbpenia of} H UpHRe_eTS BL HCHO. 
HeHie. Mexazy ThMb EpecTbane, ocTaBMmieca Bb OOMIHAS, HAAYMANTS BpoHs- 
BeCTH epexzbib uw cBoe Hambpewie TOKe UpHBEAYTS Bb HCcDORHeHIe. Mo 
cT. 14 ykaza 9 HosOpa ,UpH OOMBXS Nepexbraxh BHIASAD Kb ORHEMS Mb- 
CTaMb YUACTKOBB.. OOAsaTeIeHb 00 TpeOopanin... oOulecTBa, Ges mnpaza 
Cero NOCAIBAHATO YAOBICTBOPATS BULASIAWMHXCA ZeHbramH’. Bors o6mecrpo 
H BHABIBTS COOCTBEHRHKY BMbeTO MHOFHX DOACCh OAHHD ,OTPY6B*, BO 
TOJbKO HG YHAaBOKeHAHA ye H Oe3b MAH... 





HA OUEPEAHLIS TEMA. 169 


RaKeTCA, ITO Ha STOTS BONPOCh MORHO VHC OTBBTATL OTPHTATeAbHO 
H IPATOMS COBepMeHHO NOITH KaTeropHyecen. Ha orpy6a Haybabnyo 
SEMIN MPaBHTCIBCTBO He pasBepcTaeTh H 0 XYTOPaM’b KPCCTSAHD He 
pasceiHTb. Bb HBROTOPHXS MBCTHOCTSXb, — Bb ChBEPO-8allalHhlXd 
T1aBHHMB OOpasoms, ryOepHisxt, KARL A ye CkazaIb, — HacereHie 
IIpOFbABAACTS CIUPOCh Ha TAKOE SEMACYCTPOHCTBO, H SEMACYCTPOHTCABHHA 
Komuccin HamaH Tamb ce6b padoty. Ilo «O6sopy> sasaBieHia 063 
oOpasopaHid XYTOPOBS H OTPYOOBS NecTyuHAH BS TeyeHie Towa OTS 
70.227 OMOXO8HeBb, MPH eM HeEOOXOAHMHA seMIeMBPHHA padori 
HCHOIHCHH Bb HaTyph faa 12.947 7BopoRs H HBb AHXD «UpeltABACHEL 
HaceteHi H IPHHATH! TAKOBHMb» WAAaHH Aad 6.527 OMOXOBaeBD, 
Aaa Poccia B& ObIOMS STH NUPPL, KOHEYHO, COBEPMeHHO HAYTORHLA, 
HO, MOMCTE ONT, WAHHAA OTPacIb 8eMAeyCTpOfcTBAa H MOTIa OH pas- 
BHTBCH, ECAH, ROHCYHO, AONYCTATL, TO KOMHCCin UNpH HHHboOHeH HXxb 
OpranHsallid Bb COCTOSHIM CUPaBHTbCA Ch STHM' RUBHMS AOMS. 
Ho nocrbayee He pasoBbeTcd, MOTOMY YTO UpaBATeABCTBO camo CI'b- 
INKTS CO3aTb eMy DOMBxy mpH noMomH ykasa 9 HosOpa, rbhctsie 
KOTOparO OHO TaKb cTapaeTca mposBunyTb. Ilockoxpky yeEpbuazenie 
BeMIH Bb ABYHYH COOCTBEHHOCTS OMepeAHTS pasduBEY Ha OTpy6a, M0- 
CTOABKY NOCIBAHAA AOHEIL8A 3ATPYRHATCA yame crbaaetca, OfTD 
HOKETb, Ha osrie rows HeBOSMORHOL. 

A ykpboaenie BB COOCTBeHHOCTh, HECOMHBHHO, ONepemaers... HK 
Ronny 1907 r., Rakb MHI SHACMb, SAaABICHIA O TAKOMb yEpboUIeHin 
noctynniu Ooxrbe whup ors 100 tHcaysh yomoxosseBb. Ht Tomy xe 
BpeMeCHA 8asBienia 0 BHAbTB seMIM KB OMHOMY MBCTY, NOCTYNHAN 
BCefO IHMb OTS 5.898 FoMoxosseBs. sb storo ACHO, ITO yEpbIIe- 
Hie HaxbipHolt seMIH Bb COOCTBEHHOCTh Bb TpOMAaIHOM'S OOALMIMACTBS 
CAXYYCBL MPOBCXOAHTS awe Ge3sb NOMTEH BHABINTS €@ Kb OMHOMY, 
whcry. Mexay ThMb OTS DOUNTEH BHYBAHTBCA JO OCyMecTBIAeHIA 
STOrO Ha bh AMCTAaHnNiA OTpoMHarO paswbpa: sasaBleHiaA MOCTYNHAH 
oTh 5898 oMOxOsaeBS, a BHI Bh HAaTyp'b UPOMSBeAOHH AHMb AIF 
1704 JBOpOBS, Ip YeMb H3b HHXS «IPHHATH HacezeHiemb» BL ABIBI 
aHmb 322 yomoxossesh... WM sT0, KOHEYHO, BOB'S NOHATHO. 


Cornamenie Mexzy co60n KpeCcTbAHb,—IHTAOMS MH Bb ,O6s0pb“,—uper- 
CTaBIAIO IpesBhlyahnhla TpyAwocTH. Jlaxe BHOMHS opopMAeHHOe XOAaTalicTBo, 
BLIPAsHBMeeca Bb OSMeCTBCHHOME NpPHTOBOps, He UpeAphmano 6rarovolyy- 
Haro sapepmenia Aba, TAKE KAKb UPH UpHBeyenxin Bb HCHOAHeHIe 3eMste- 
YCTPOHTeABHaro lana Bh HaTypb noApodHocTA ero BosbyaH anh CHOph H 
Hecormacia, UpeDATCTBOBaBIIie AOBeTeHIWM ero WO Kouta *). 





Tne ead ———w 


*) ,O6soph ubaTenbHOCTH 3eMICYCTPOHTeCALHHIXE KOMHCCifi 3a NepBbIA 
rOoAb HXb cyumjecTBopania*. (,,Hopoe Bpema“, 16 ausapa 1908 r.). JIn4HO 4 
,»apesBhlYahHhIA TPYAHOCTH*, O KOTOPHXB TOBOPAT aBTopH ,O6sopa”, oco- 
OeHHO HarmagHo ce6b upeycraBran. Jibrs 15 ToMy Hasayd, BLIBYXCHENA 
OCTABHTb 3AHATIA 10 3EMCKOM CTATHCTHKS, A KYOUAD ce6b acTposa6ip H cAB- 
WANCH IACTHLIMD 3eMIeMbpoM’b. Pa6oTaTh UPHXOAHI0Ch NOITH HCKANIHTCAIbHO 
Y KPecThAH®S H, TIABHHIMS O6pasoM’b, NO BOSCTAHOBIEHIN CHOPHHXb Med 
OTHCKAaHil0 BCAKHXD 8OMOIBHHXDb ,HeXBaTKOBD*®. Ho OHIb OFHHDB cryiaa, 


170 A. DBIIEXOHOBD. 


Tlocab Toro, kakb semMaa OyleTs yepbaszecwa Bb AWYHYW COOcTBEH- 
HOCTb, STH TPYAHOCTH eMle YBCAMWATCH: HHTePecH CTAHYTS ClOMABE 4 
passooOpasHbe, z06uTbca corszacia yaxe */s BiaybxbyeBbh Ha pasBep- 
cTaHie CTaHeTb TpyAHbe,—oco6eHHo pH ThXb MeamsyycoOiaxb, Kaxis 
HeHsOBEHO ANAroe BpeMA OYAYTH MPOHCXOAUTD BE JepeBsub. Ecaa me 
OCYMIECTBHTCS MAaHb, WOATOTOBAReMHH AYMCKOH KOmaCcieH, cpasy 
OOBABHTh YT HE NOAOBHHY HaABALHOH BeMAH ABIHOH COOcTBeEHHOCTSD, 
TO, HAaBBpHOe, MORHO CKABATH, ITO BCAHKOC CKOABKO-HEOYAL Cepbe3Hoe 
yayumenie Hagbabharo BSeCM.1CNOAbSOBAHiA BaTOPMOBHTCA, eCCHH BE Ha 
BBEH, TO JO BTOPOTO NpHMecTBia <HeCAWXaHHOH CMYTH». 

Htrs! Ttexuayeckaro ocBo6omsenia ceabcKoxossiicTBeHHOMY mpo- 
HSBOAHTeAW «peBOAWDia HaocbopoTh» He IPHHeceTh,—He TBM 03260- 
ueHO cefiqach UpaBuTeabcTBo. KpecTbaaaHa oH0 eme kKpbaye BS 
STOMb HalpaBsesid caaxerTb. Ho H SKOHOMHGECED NPOHSBOAMTeCAA OHO 
He OCBOOOAHTD: AHGHYW COOcTBeHHOCTL OHO HacajuTb, HO «Oars» 
ef MaccB He UpesoctasuTs. JlouycruTh AH OHO Bb CaMOMB Bid 
cBoOogHoe OOpaiienie KpecTbAHCKOH seMAH H& PHHEB? BB 3TOMt, 
BBAb, 8akINIaeTCA GypRyasHaa cB0601a, H HM@HHO 9TO, BBA, HYHAHO, 
"TOOH MpeAOCTABHTh HacexeHi0 BOSMORHOCTA Ha MBHOBOH OCHOBE 
«CBO6OqHO» pasmbcraThca Ha TeppHTOpin H «<cBOGOZHO» pacupexs- 
NHTBCA 10 Klaccamb. OcBoOo,uTb 1H OHO HABIBHYW 3eEMAW OTS TEIb 
«<orpaHHienifi», Kania H nOca’b yEpbuAeHia BL ABIBYH COOCTBEHHOCTS 
0 yKa3sy 9 Hos6pa ocTramTca Ha Hell? Boxbe, VbMb COMHHTeABBV. 
Bbpoatute Apyroe: oTH OTpaHHyeHia OHO ee YCHIHTE H, ONT MO- 
HETL, PACIPOCTPaHHTb HX Ha KYUYIA seMaH. 

Bume @ YNOMSHYAb, ITO STOTS <kasyCHH BONpOCh» yae BOI- 
HY€Th AJMHHHCTPaTHBHLIA CHepyl. 


OcBOOOAHTH HAABIDHHIA 3CMAH OTb HCKNDUHTCALHHXD 3akOHOBb?—He 
xBaTaeTh cmbaoctA. Bb 6wpoxpaTiv, O6pocusmefAca Ha HOBHA DYTb Haca- 
xKeuia YacTHOR COOcTBeHHOCTH NOAb BAiAHIeMb CTpaxa OOMMHHEHXb Uparts- 
3aHiA Ha BCH BMA, BCe ClO RHBLI NpexBiA Tpaquuoin oOeperavia KpecTBaz- 
ckaro seMAepaanbuias...— llomanyfre, upaBaTeIbcTBO MepezaeTS Tenepb Kpe- 
CThAHaMD H KASCHHHA H HAABALBLIA SCMIH, DOKYUaeTh AAA HHXb HA COTAE 


KOrAa KpecThAHG UPArAacHIH MCHA OOOATH Bb HAaTyph H 3aHeCTH Ha DAAaHS 
HXb ycaweOHbe YIACTKH, H30aBHA HAaxoAHBUiecA Bb NOABOPHOMD BAATBALA. 
OTo 6HAO xeNagie Bcero OOmectTBa. Ho Korgza 06xoqb Bb HaTypb Hayaarcs 
TO... ACTPONAGIA MOH OKazamacb pas6uTOh. Takb BeABKH H CTpacTHHI OKa3za- 
NHCb BOSHUKWIe IPH STOMb ,CHOpH H Hecoraacia*... Yxb HauTOo pbmMATeIL- 
BHA GeNOBBKS Bb VKOHOMAYCCKAXS RoOUpocaxt OyAb r. Batre, dO A TOTS 
OTCTYNHIS OTS HaMbpevia pasBepcTaTh HaaBIbHYW 3eMIN YCKOPCHHHMS 
TeMNOMb HA OTPy6a. Ora MBICAb OCTACTAHBHTE Poccin ocbauaza r. Barre Bb 
nepiol® ero @uBAaHCOBAarO BeAHIIA, Bb caNoMb Hatanh 900-xb rojosp. Oss 
BHIZBaNb TOrLA Kb ce6b OAHOTO H8b BHATOKOBD O6uABH. Bew Hoyb,—roBo- 
PHTb @MY,—HE CNalb, NPOYHTABh KAKYW-TO HBMCUKYHO KHHRKY: KakOe BTO 
BeIHKOe cpezcTBo—xytTopa! 40—50 MAIZIOHOBS He DOoxaIbw Ha aTO ZHAO, 
YTOOH XOTA JBB-TpH ry6epHiH pasceNHTb BE BAAS ounta... Ho, Kora cBs- 
Aymifi vwenonbee wns06pasHib emy DocarbactTsis, Kakid MOryTb IPH sTOMb 
NponsoArA, To Fane r. Burre ncmyrasca. 





HA OURPEJHHA TEM. 171 


MHINiOHOBD py6neH DOMBOLWIbH, H HeyReMH BCe ITO ANA TOO, ITOOHI cpusy 
RCA SOMIA YOIHIA H3Ib PYKb Maroo6esNeveHHIXb Kb Oorbe oOesleieHHHMb 
H QCHCRHLIMD IHNAaMb, XOTA OH ame H8b KPeCcTLAUDS *)? 

OQONLMAY HYXHO, KOHEIHO, paspyMATb, A, YTOOW AOCTATHYTS STOTO, 
NpaBHIeIbCTBO NpHIORATS Bch ycusia. Ho semMaW OHO ‘NOMbITaeTCA 
BC@-TAKH COXPAaHHTL Bb CBA8AaHHOM® cocTosHiv. EMy HYXHO BBA OROH- 
YATCAbHO HCMOPTHTh TICHXHRY KPeCCTbAWb, HO CHAT Cb HBXS NYTH-— 
BOBCe He BXOJUTb Bb efo pacweTH. Al WH cyexb NMosTOMy HeOOxorH- 
MEIMb, HAINHAA HACTOAMLYH YTAaBY, HANOMHATH Mpexze Bcero ABOH- 
CTBCHHOCTS IpaBUTeILCTBEHHALO OTHOMECHIA Kb KPCCTAAHCKUM' SCMIAMD. 
Tlapokcusms «oGesnevenia OnTae, Kakb MHS KakeTcH, yxe OAWsHTCH. 
VM eto He MpeqayBcrBie TONDKO, H He OOMIA TOIbKO Cooopamenis. 
My xMbowb BBL UM PakTH. 

Cpapaute <«TpynH pegaknionHo# komMuCCiH», koTOpad padoTaja 
npa I[sese, cb oObaAcHeTeIBHOH sanncKoH, upHaomenHOt RB NpoeRTy 
«Jlo1oxeHia 0 KPCCTbAHCKOMB seMJeBlaybuiv», BHECeHHOMY BB [o- 
cyfapcTBeHHy) Jlywy,—H BH YBRARTC, ITO «JanAcka» BB HATepe- 
CYPMILEMh Hach cefivach BoMpocb noITH OyKBaIbHO BOCMpOuBBOLHTh 


«Tpyan». Jaa mpambpa: 
Tpydu (II nese). 

,OULITE APYTaxb cTpand Cb o4e- 
BH AHOCThIO CBH A BTEILCTBY CTS, ITO Med- 
KO€ KpPecThAHCKOe BeMIEBIANBHIe, IH- 
IMeCHHOSG OXpaHH! H DpeocTaBseHHoe 
CBOOORHOMY TpaxkyanckomMy oGoporTy, 
H& OJHHAKOBOMb Cb UpOYHMA FACT- 
HHIMH HMYIIe€CTBAMA OCHOBAHIH, OKa- 
SHIBACTCA BONOITOBBYHLIMB H WOCTe- 
N€BHO HCTesaAeTh, yCTyMaKn MBCTO N0- 
BeMeCNBHOM COOCTBEHHOCTH HHOTO xa- 
paktepa>. 


Janucxa (Cromninaga **), 


<«OQULITh APYTHXE CTpant Cb oye- 
BH AHOCTbN CBHABTCALCTBY CTD, ITO Me- 
koe KPCCThAHCKOC 3OM.1eBIANBHie, npe- 
WOcTaBIEHHOG CBOGOAHOMY TpaxyaH~ 
cKOMy O60poTy H& OANHAKOBHIX Cb 
NpOWHMH FACTHHIMH HMYMlecTBaMH OC- 
HOBAHIAXD, OKABHIBACTCA HEMONTOBBY- 
HHIMDb H MOCTOMEHHO ABCIEsRAeTh, YCTY- 
ad MBCTO NOseMeUbLHON coOcTBeHHOCTH 
HHOrO xXapakTepa. 


CopepMedHO OHOPORAHA H MOUTH OYKBAAbHO TORIECTBEHHHA CO- 
oOpamkeHifi BAYT H JuAbMe, BUAOTS JO: 


Tpy dw. 


[lo nebMb DpHBeZeHHHIME coobpa- 
KCHIAMb H HAQICRATE OPHsHatb, 4TO 
HaBILHBA 3eMIH, AMBA rocyzapcrT- 
ReHHee suayeHie H cayxa obesnete- 
HieMb OHTA KpecTbAub, He MOTYTD 
COCTABIATh NPCAMeTh CBOGOAHAarO 060- 
pota u DOTOMy He NoynexaTh Whi- 
CTBIIO OOMIHXH FpAKTIACKHXD 8AkKO- 
HOBb, & JOIMAW OHTh NOIAHCHE 
OCOOLIMS NOCTAHOBICHIAMD, Halpas- 
JCHHLIMb Kb OXPaHeHiN THX 3afair, 
Bb IBAAXD AOCTURCHIA KOTOPHXS 3eM- 
OH 9TH OHH npeAocraBieH KpecTe- 
AHaM Db. 


Janucxa. 


TloaToMy Had BIbALIA 3eCMIH, KAKS 
HMbomiA TrocyaapcTBeHHOe sHaeHie 
HM cryxatlia o6esneyeniemt OLITa Kpe- 
CTbAHD, H AHAB HE JONKHI COCTAB- 
NIATh UPOAMeTS cBo6oAHaro odopora 
H, CUBAOBATeEALHO, HE MOLYTb OTH 
BCCNBIO NOTIHHEHH WhActTBIN OOUIHXD 
TPARAAWCKAXD BAKOHOBD. 


*) ,Bb AaMHHACTPpaTABBHIXt Kpyraxb’. ,Pbib*, 10 non6pa 1907 roza. 

**) SanHCKy 4 IHTHPynW, Kkakd OnA OHA BHecoHa BO 2-1 Jlymy. Bp 3-10 
ymy, HaCKOIbKO MHS H3BbCTHO, NpoeKTh WOMOKeHIA O KPOCTLAHCKOMD 3eM- 
ACBIAABHIH BHECeHL Bb HeHAMBHCHHOMD BAS. 


172 A. IIBITIEXOHOBS. 


OxuBaeTh, cTaio OHITL, «<Henorpe6eHHH MepTBeIyh», Kakb A Ha- 
SBalb upoekTh Ilkepe Bb CaMOMb Havarb pesoxwnin *). Ilo Hopomy 
B3aKOHONPOeRTY UpekWOkaraeTca COXPaHATh <OcO6HA MOCTAHOBIeHLA», 
BBCJCHHHA B8aKOHOM 1893 rofa, 0 HeOTIyKIAeMOCTH HAA bALHHIXS 
BeMeAb (BOCIIpemeHie WOKyNaTh HasbAbHYH SeMIH AMNTAaMb, HE UpH- 
HalsexaMAMb Kb CeALCKHMD OOMecTBAMS, OOpamaTb Ha HHXS Wact- 
Hid BSbICKAHIA H SAakKaWBaTbh BXd YACTHHIMb YIPeMACHisMB A IH- 
aMb), &@ Take BBECTH HOBWHA—yYCTAaHOBHTh <UpPeIbILHHA HOPMH 
cocpexoToyeHia H ApOOMMOCTH HayBAbHEIXh Semerb». Tarkan o6pa- 
B0Mb UpaBHTeIbCTBO, OOpaMad 8eNIH Bb AHYHYN COOCTBEHHOCTE HF 
paspyllad TBMb CaMBIMb He@HABHCTHYW OOMHHY, BCC-TAaKH He ReAAeTh 
HOAYHHUTS oTY 3eMiW AbitcTBIN OOMUXh: TpaxiAaHCKHXb 32KOHOBD. 
OHO HHGeTO He HMbeTL IPOTHBS TOTO, 4TOOK KpeCThAHCKAgS SeMAS 
WpowaBakach WH MOKYNalach, HO DpH TOMB HenpeMBHHOME ycHosig, 
YTOOH COXPaHHIAch COCHOBHaA (10 HOBOMY MpoegTy: RAaccoBas) 060- 
COHICHHOCTH KPeCTHAHCTBA, H YTOOH 9TO KPeCCTbAHCTBO Bh cBOen 
MaccB OTb 8eMIH He OTOpBadxOcb. IpapatTexbcTBY HYKHH CBA8AZHANC 
IHOAH, KOTOPHe TAHYIA ON MoOxaTHy!O AaMEY HH pab6oTaiH Ha ToMsb- 
WHKOBh H KAUATAAHCTOBb,—HYRHA Macca INJe#, a He «HHAMBE- 
AY@IbHO-CHIBHHIe»> TOXBKO EPeCTbAHE, EOTOPHXb, UDA sBCeH NOAB3B, 
KakylO OHH MOIYTh OKAa3aTb, padoTaTS Ha APyraxb, Womaayf#, He 3a- 
cTaBaMb. [paspureabcTBO OXOTHO IpefOCTaBAAeThb 3TAMD NOCIBAHEMS 
BOSMOAHOCTh DORHBHTECA OKONO 8CMIH, OOpPanleHHO BL AHYHYN Cco6- 
CTBEHHOCTb. OHO TOTOBO AOMYCTHT Ed STOMY H EPYOHHe AeweRHLe 
KAUATAIH, XOTA nOCAbAHIe DONb A3IBRCTHHIMS TOIbKO RONTPOAeEMh, IPH 
NocpelcTBB KpecThAHCKaTO GanKa. Lloxynafire cBay’brexbcTsa # O6s- 
3aTeAbCTBA MOCIBIBATO, NOzydalire CBOW AOAW, Kakad BaMb Oph i- 
TaCTCH Bb EPCCThAHCESUXS IpHONTKAX®... Ho o6essemeiaTb EPCCTbAE- 
CEY MACCy IpaBHTeIbcTBO ACHEXAHM. AWAAMD He NosBoauTb. Ilo- 
CTaBHTb Ha DepBOMb MAaH'B HATePeCH UpPOASBOACTBAa H HOXYHHATD HM’b 
Bch apyria coo6pamenia,—npexocTaBATh oaHyN cBObO,yY cElayH- 
BaThCa XOsAHCTBAMb Takb, Kakb STOO TpeOyWHTS ycsaoBia PHHEAa,— 
pburuMocTuH y Hero He XBAaTHTD. 

VM, a AyMaio, NOHATHO, NoyeMy uMeHHO. Ilpemgze Bcero, Kya Xb- 
HET [paBuTeAbCTBO GeszeMeabHyW Maccy. LpexoctasuTs ef pa6ory 
Bb CHepb UPOMHMIACHHOCTH, DONS B8amlHTOH tTaMomeHHOH crban?— 
HO JO KRAKHXS He pasMbpowhb TOrAa UpwAeTcA AOBECTH DOcaABLHWD, 
WH ETO He ee Bb KOHUS-KOHNOBD OyzeTh DoAepausaTs? Bbw rzap- 
Had TAXECTh TAMOMCHHATO NMOKPOBHTeALCTBA Texala H JCKHTB Ha 
RPCCTBAHCKUXS Daewaxh. Hyun OTH sew A Aanble... Boobme 
«BOCIHTAaHHHIG Bb HeYCTaHHOMb, YONOPHOMB Tpyyb, NPHBHEMIe Kb 
HCKOHHOM oHOOGpasHoH obcTaHOBES K43HH, UpiyenHHe usMbHIABHMS 
YCUBXOMB 3eMICNBILYECKHXD PabOTh Kb COsHaHIN CBOeH SaBACHMOCTH 
*) Cm. ,Kpectbanckift Bonpocs (m0 noBOAy HOBaro ero UpespanleHis)*. 
»Pyeckoe Borarcrno“, 1904 r. mexadps. 


ee 





HA O4EPEIHHA TEMBI. 173 


O1b BABMHAXS CHAS MPAPOAW HB, CABAVBATeEAbHO, OT Haya BbIC- 
Maro TNOpadka, KPeCTbawe»—9TO H eCTb Ta «9KOHOMHUCCKAA Oaza», 
Ha KOTOpOH sameseTCH BCA HBHABMAAA DOIMTHUeECKAd «HagcTpotinay. 
OTb WposetapieBb Ke MAJO NOAL3H, OHO AuMb GesnoKolticrso. H aro 
OesloKolcTBO, ECAH KpPeCTBAHE BD Macch cBoelt o6esseMeIATCA, AOIKHO 
cybaatsca oco6enHo BetuKEM.. Tlepeg raazaMH HEH BIHAXS pedop- 
MATOPOBh HpPeAHOCHTCA, HECOMHSHHO, TOT Ke MpHspakh, Kakolt ny- 
ralb WpaBamie KpyrH Mpa ocBoOomAeHIH KPeCTbAHS, & HMeHHO, 4TO 
«KP@CCTbAHE TOIUAMA CTAaHYTb OpogaTh uo Beef Pocciu»... 

Ch apyrof cTopoHH, moaBleHie Ha Haybibnok semi HOBHIXS N0- 
MBUOLEKOBb—BHHLYTS IH OHH H3b CPCAH CaMHXb EPeCCTbAHD WIA IpH- 
AYTb H8b JCHCKANXE TAH CO CTOPOHH—MadO SakIUAeTh BB cebb 
CoOlaBHHTeADHAaArO JAH DepBeHCTBYIOMAarO CoczOBis, KOTOPOe Kakb- 
HH KAKB OCTaeTCA IpaBAuM’b. CombicTBoBaTh NOABIeHIN TAaKUX> M0- 
MBI[HKOBD 3TO SHAIHTh TOABKO CO38RaBaTb CeOb caMHM KOHKYPCHTOBS 
10 YaAcTH SROHOMHMYCCKALO HCHOIb3OBaHiA KPOCTbAHS, H, TAaBHOe, 
10 4YacTH HoIMTHYeECKOH BAAacTH, KOTOPOH TOIBKO H R¥80 ABOPAHCTRO. 
Tenepb, 10Ka OUACHOCTS elle He COBCBMB MHHOBala, OTOTh aaTa- 
TOHH3Mb MAIO 4yBCTByeTcCa. HO MOTOMD OH, HeECOMHBHHO, eme cka- 
moetca. Enje xeusBBCTHO, Kako npoerTS MbCrHaro CaMOyIpaBaAeHia Upel- 
JOKHTS UPABHTeABCTBO ‘MOCKB TOTO, KAakb OOCYAMTS efO COBMBCTHO CB 
«syOpaua». Hbrb wuvero MyApeHaro, 4TO, KpoMb eH8a, Bb HeMb 
OCTaHeTCH H COCIOBHOCTL, a BMBCTB CB Helo H Opecbsaganie ABOpaH- 
cTBa. Iapokcusms obesneyenia OITA JOrH4eCKA AOIKEHS 8aBepmIuTLCS, 
Eakb A AyManW, ykpbuaeniemb ABOpAHCKarO 3eMIeBIAN Sais. 

Takb HIH HHaYe, HO CBOOOIHATO COaABCKOXO3SHCTBEHHALO MpOH3BO- 
JuTeAd MHI He Noayqumb. WM KpBakaro EpecTbAHHHAa, — KpecTbAHHHA- 
seMlerbaboa,—XOTA Ob BCA HaybabHad 3eMIA Depell7a Bb JHA 
coOcTBeHHOCTh, Mbl He YBHAUM’S. Be nponeccb MoOurMsalin, Bb KakOH 
BTATHBaeCTCH 9Ta 3OMIA, OHA OFeHS ckOpo OyzeTB OOpeMeHeHa xA0- 
TCVHHIME JOITOMb H BCHRUMM APYTHMH JeHeRANMA OOAsaTeIbCTBAMH. 
IIpunomante xoTa OW TOTb, pascRasaHHH Bhime, cayya, korga 
KYJaKb CKYMHIS BasbAbHYIO 3eMAIN NepecexenneBb 10 00 py6ret sa 
JecaTHHY H Tepenposaib uxXb Ke owocerbyams 10 230 py. Bbsp, 
He 82 HaIHYHEA we NOCIbAMIe KYOUNH STY SeMIIO: epee KpectE- 
SHCKHMD OaHKOMb HAH Nepeyb APYTHMH salMOaBoaMa —- MOReTh 
6HTb, Nepes’s ThMb Ke CaMHIML KyYaKOMb—OHH, HeCOMA'BAHO, ceOg 
«<oOBaA3aIH». «Hosoe Bpema», cooOmuBh 0 TOMb, Kakb Bb Baakos- 
CKOMS yb3yb BouocTHble H cerbcKie MHCaps, Onpotie cTapIMHHH H 
CTapOCTH NepBHMH OpOCcHAHCh YEPBNAATh CBOH HabiW, MHMeTS: 


Hecomu Bano, npolizeTh ele HKKOTOpOe BPOMA, H 9TH HOBEIG COOCTBCHHUKU 
BOCHONIL3YHTCH ApYrHMb HOBBAMIHMb SAKOHOMD — MpABOMd 3aOKHTbh CBOH 
ZOMIH Bb KpeCTbAHCKIN OaHK’d, TOOK! HA BsATYW CCYAy NOAHATL UpoOHsBoO- 
JUTOILHOCTh CBOHXE XO3HHCTBD. 


T[oquaTb MpOusBOLATeABHOCTh CBOHXS XO3aHiCTBb... ITO BOLOCTHHIC 


174 A. UBDIEXOHOBD. 


WHCapa TO... deMi, MORCTH OLITh, OHH H SAlOMATh, HO KANHTAYb 
3aTpaTaTh, KaKb A AyMal, Ha Gombe npxOnr,AWA Oepanin,—xoTa 6 
Ha JaIbnbHiovio TOproBsw HaAbAbHOW B3emaew. PacauTHBaTb Ha TO, 
UTO KaNHTaIb OyeTh BEAAAWBATLCA Bb COABCKOe XO3aHCTBO, Kakh 
TAKOBOe, MHB kKAKETCH, COBCBMb HeIb8A,—TSMb Goabe Teepb, Korda 
A™ Hero OTKPHRaeTcA Takoc OOmMupRoe A BHTOAHOe TOnpame. Aa B 
He TakOB2 9ROHOMAYCCKAA KOH BWHKTYpPa, YTOOM KANHTaIH3Mb BSAACA 
3a peopranHsaliW cerbckOxo3alicrsenHaro mponsBorctsa. Tzasyyn 
THMECTD eFO NO-IpemneMy MpiJeTcA HECTH TPYNOBOMY xOsaiicTRy 
TOIbKO 8TA THMECTL OTAHIAS cA'bsaeTca Gozbme: Kpoms «o6asannocreli 
nepey’b TOCyAapCTBOMb HW. WOMBMAKOMbY, CMY UpHaeTCA OPAaBAHBAaTs 
eme OOA3aTeAbCTBa NepelAs KanatTasactama, Kkakia O6yazyTh MpHHATH 
HeNOCPEACTBEHHO HM'b CAMUMD N 8a CTO CleTh KPCCTHAHCRAMS OAaHKOMS. 

SauMOLaBOR we, KaKb HSBBCTHO, HapoAb mecTORI#, Ww BHTepecH 
Xb MPaBHTeAbCTBO, HECOMHBAHO, OyseTh 6AN3KO UPHHAMATD Kb CepAy, 
XOTA Ob yRe MOTOMY, ITO AKIACTCA NOPYIHTeAEME 8a AOATH, CABNAH- 
Hhe IIpH MOCPeACTBB EpecThARCKarO Ganka. Kpom'b TOTO, OHO H CaMo, 
TNOBHAHMOMY, HE MPOIb NIOBLUKATh KOC-ITO H3b KPeCCThSHCKOH AHG- 
HOH coOcTBeHHOCTH Bb KavecTBh KpeAxuTOpa, «SaMBHHBD BLIAAyy Wap- 
ckaro Nafiga—ccy1aMH H3—b MBCTHHXDS yupemjenifi Mexkaro EpeaTa 
NON} 8al0rb IPHAALICKAMUXS KPOCThAHAMS ACABAAHUMEIXS HMYMOCCTBD?. 
Takylo HMCHHO Mbpy UpoekTapyeTs «00 sposOBOALCTBEHHOMY BOMpOcy» 
ynpapaapmifi seuceumb oTrgbiomp r. [ecrpmensif. He ckxz0nnui 
Wbantbca cBbrbHiaMu, Kakiad MMBOTCA Bb CTO pacnopsmenin OTHOCE- 
TCILHO XOJa HayBaAbHaro BeMAeycTpolicrua, OH AMOKTL NO Bpeme- 
HaM'b NOABAUThCA CBOHMH MHICIAMH Bb CBASH Cb NOCISAGHMS. 


Teneps, nocaé yKasa 9 nos6pa 1906 r..—nHmeTh OHb,—KaxIHA EpecTsa- 
HHHb, H&a XYOH KOHeIb, ABIRETCA COOCTBCHHHKOM®D ycayeduaro, Cb nocrpo- 
KaMH, ydacTKa. Tako ydacTOKS cTOHTS He MeHbe J]50—300 py6... Ecun 6m 
STOTO OKaBsalOCh HEJOCTATOUHHMSb, TO MOXHO BHAAYY CCYAb H3b YKasaH- 
HHXD KpCHTHHXb ycTaHOBIeHif O6ycIOBHTh DOMaIeh saeMIBKOMS BAagBue- 
Hid OO} yKpbuAeHin Bb IRYYH COOCTBEHHOCTH MpPHHANACKAMAXh omy 0- 
JeCBHIXb H Apyraxb yrogif no npaBHtamsb ykasa 9 sos6pa 1906 r. *). 


Bagute, EARL XOPOMO: eCTb H eMle CpeACTBO YCKOPHT HaXbABHOE 
semieycrpolicTBo. MomHoO CkasaTb MYRAKY: yEpborsh cao sarbrp 
Bb JHGHY!O COOCTBEHHOCTh,—HHave yMpemlb cb roszogxy... A swbcrs 
Cb TBMb CXBIATLh aTOTO CaMaro MYRAKA KpexuTocnocobenMs. Bupo- 
YeMb, JIM DocablneH whaw HeoOxo_uMO ee: 

OTMBHHTb yka3sb 11 sHBapa 1878 r. Oo UpaBb kKpecrbaHb He NAATHTS 
CBOH OTH H BShICKHB&aTb TAaKOBhIG Cb KpPCCThaud TaKkb KO CTporo Ges- 
KALOCTHO, KAKb OHH B@HICKHBAWTCA CO BCBXb OCTAIbHHIXE pocciickmxh 
TpaxkdaHb. 


Kakb BHJATb YTATeIH, He HallpacHO A Ckasaxb, ITO EPCAHTOPH 
Hapowh OesmasnocraHni.' JnqHas me coOcTBeHHOCTh HMb IPSMO Ha 


cr ee 





*) ,Hosoe Bpema", 22 nexa6pa 1907 r. H 2 anpapa 1908 r, 


HaBPOUCKH COBPEMEHHOCrH. 17d 


Pyky, ocOOeHHO ecaH oTMbHuTD yea3b 1878 r., pasbacHuBmill, tro 
HCAbSA UpOAaBath 3a OATH OpyAid, KOTOPAIMA YeIOBBEB padoraers. 
Torga MoxHO OyzeTS NogOHTA Kb MYMAKY BOOTHYH H BEIKATS 3b 
Hero BCB COKH: MposaTb cOxy, Mocr blew AOMAadb, MocTpoku uw seMAW. 
OHHME CIOBOM, Cpasy UposaTh Bce xossicrao. Jing storo Name Ha 
XYTOPS €FO BHICCIATh HO HYAHO: NYCTh TO1bKO OBB OOTOPOAUTh CBOH 
TO10CH. Ha MBcTO 98TOTO MYRUER, KOHEYHO, CALeTS Apyroii u ero 
MORHO OyleTH Take OOdHCTHTS... Takb OHO H HOizeTS... 

Peporwnionephl HaodopoTh AYMawWTb, UOBHAHMOMY, 4TO aTO MO- 
HCTL MPOMOAKaTLesaA Oe8kOHeUHO... 


a eee ee ee 


$l _yMaw, ITO XOXb peBoIWNiH Hacdopott, AOCTHrHyTHe yuxke eM 
pesyIbTaTH H OTKPHBAWMiACd Bb CBASH Ci Hel DepCMeKTHBH DIA 
WHTaTeIA JOCTATOGUHO BHIACHHAGCh. Bo BCHKOMS cayyab cBowW, He Bb 
MBbpy paspociilywca, cTaThW Wopa ye MH ROHIUTS. 


A. ftwexonos. 


a ee 


Hadpocku CoBpeMeHHOcTH. 
X. 


O HpayHXh UYOAWWHCTAXE HW UPOCTHXh CXeMaXxs. 


Tox Hasay’b, Bb desparb 1907 roga, Poccia cb TpeBoeHEIMd 
HeTepubHiems ORUAaIa BTopo Jymn. Ha operBnOopHHXx?t codpaniaxt 
TOBOPHIKCh ToOpayia pbaw, CAMaIach Oosphe [pHushiBLI Kb Oopsu'b. 
Masoro 6nx0 onaceni#t, Ho Onan uw Oombmian Hazeman. MH, korja, Ha- 
EOHCIb, HACTYNHAS JCHb OTEPLITIA AYMCKEUXE sacbranili, [erepOyprs 
CHOBHO OYHYACH OTH AOMTAaTO CHa A FPOMAAHHA TOINK Huposa Ha- 
TOIHHIH YIHOW, Upuxeraiwmia «kb Tappuyeckomy asopay. I[ipasaza, 
YO Yepesb ABCKOIDKO YAaCOBd OTH TOAUH Ob1IH pasorHausél Haraiikamu 
H WauikaMu... 

Becero rox mponert cb Tol MOpH, HO MHOTOe epeMbHHAOCh 38a 
. STOTB [OX'b, OHTh MOMETL, CAADIKOMB MHvroe. Bb Taspuyeckomh 
Bopmb sachyaerTh tTpetba Jlyma, yma 8 inna. Yerseptni mbcanp 
UpoyoakawWTca ef sacblaHid, HO HHETO, KameTCH, MMH He HHTepe- 
cyeTCad, HHETO 00% HHXb He T[OBOPHTb, HHRTO OTb HHX ANGELO He 
mieTs. HM sa crbuama Tappuceckaro ABopua MHOTroe H3MbHUAUCL 
BB pycckoH xusan. Tycro# mpags, temamlifi Hagh usMyyeHHOH cTpa- 
HOH, 8& STOTS LON) CcTaIb ene ryule, emje yepHbe. Muoro Haszexy, 


176 B. MA KOT HH 5b. 


He YCUBBMNXS pacyeBCTh, OTOBBAO, MHOTO HAAWsilt GesBosBparHo m0- 
rH610. Muoraxth a3 Whatexef#, roqb Ha3alb BHCTYNaBMaXxh H#a- 
oOmecTseHHO# apenb, Tenepbh yxb HTS Ha Heli, @ H3b yIrbs'bBMHXS 
MHOFie NepeMBHHAM CBOH DOsHnig. PbaKO pasxawTca Tellepb UpH3MBW 
EB OncTpoH, sHepra4yAok paborb, kb HeyKAOHHOH, pbmaTeabHoH Sophés. 
3a TO H Bb XH8HH, H Bb ABTepatypB Bce Yale CANMaTcaA ros0ca, 
NOIHHG OesHaszexHaro OTIasHiA Hu rayOokaro pasoyapoBania, UpuTsa- 
WMawnlie OTRABATLCA OTS BCHKHXL HayeRAb, WOCTABUTb EPCCTh HAAb 
BCBMB JBHKeHICME NOCIBAHHXE ABTH H HazoarO NPHMHPHTLCA Cb 
OespalocTHHIMS HacTosamams. HW tTakie roszoca paslawTca Cb CaMhXxb 
PasIHGBHXS CTOPOHS, Uopoh Aame 43b YCTb AWMeH, eMle OFeHb He- 
AaBHO TOBOPHBIIBXD COBeplleHHO JApyroe HM DHTaBIUHXB CaMHg pa- 
AYALA HALeRAL. 

«Heycubxb BcBxXt OODIeCTBEHHHX? [Buxenifi y HACL—UHCAaab He 
Takb JaBHO BL «Yach» r. OBTOBh—8aKINIaICA HMCHHO Bb OTCYT- 
CTBIH Y Hach KyAJbTypHOoH MaccH, KOTOpad Bb CBOCMb AYXOBHOMS 
pasBHTiB MOTAa ObI CussaTb UPOYHyw Oasy AA BCAKArO ABAReHIA, Ko- 
TOpad Bb cBoe KyABTypb pacnodaraia OH CHIbHWMb DPOTHBOBBCOMS 
JIA BCAKHXS HaTHCKOBD peakuin. Llocmotpute name nmpomsoe. Toyo 
Bb CHAY KakOro-TO MpOBHAeHUiaAbHaro BakOHa Dpolecch HakonseHig 
OOMeCTBCHHO-ONN03HUiOHHHXb CHIb JAHTCA Y HACb He MeHbe 25 XBTD 
H OOmecTBeHHOe ABUReHIe BCOUNXHBACTL Bb CBOCMS SCHHTS Pash Bb 
“ueTBepTh BbEa... ycTb sTOTh OOasaTedIbHlii werBepTEBBKOBLIH ne- 
piokb— He 8aKOH'’b, HO YAUBETCALHAA ETO LOBTOPHeMOCTh UPHBOAUTS 
Kb HECOMHBHHOMY BHIBOAY, YTO Mpomecch HakonAeHiA KYABTYPHO-ONN0- 
SHIIOHHHXS CHIb Y Hach TpedyeTh oONperbreawaro JAHTeAbHATO 
nepioqa; HM MHI BO BCSKOMb cayyab He omnOaenca rpy60, ecim 
yTBepKAAeMS, YTO DoOTpe6ywTca yKe AecaTuHAbTiaA H He MeH'be GeTBepTH 
BbEa, TOON OUNOSBNiOHHOe ABHeHI€ PasBePHYAOCCh BB CHOeME se- 
HHTB Cb HOBOW cHIOH» *), 

- [[porsost r. ORATOBHM'S, HalO OTAATb eMY YeCTb, MOCTaBIeHS 
OUCH pbiiatesbHO. MpayHo wacTpoeHHHifi MHCaTedb OTEPHITb axe 
oco6nl ucTopwyeckif 3akoHb, OOa8HBaWMli pyccKyW peakuiw twpo- 
ommatTaca He MeHBe ABAMNATH ATH ABTS, YW, XOTA CaMb TYTH xe 
CorsamaeTca, ITO STOTh 83KOHB Bb CYMHOCTH BOBCE He 3akOHt, 
ThMb He MeHe BCO-TARH OTCTAHBAeTh ero HeNperomHocTs. Kyabryp- 
HOH Macchl y Hach HBTb, H NOTOMY, 0 Kpafiveli mbpb, ABagnaTb 
IATh ITh JOUKCHb WHITH <NpoNecch HakonIeHia KYIbTYPHO-OUN03E- 
HiOHHNXD CHIb», PAHbMe YBMb CTAHYTS BOSMORAH Kakie-1000 HOBLIe 
YCUBXA ONNMO3sHMiOHHarO ABAReniA,—TakOBa Upoctaa PopMyla Hamero 
Oylymaro, cosqanHaa r. OxuroBnimb. Ha coraacntsca cb ato dop- 
MylIoH, HH OCNapHBaTb ee, OYeBHIHO, HBTS BOSMORBOCTH—CIBDIKOWS 
YXb OHA Npocra WH CIHMEOMB Mato O6ocHoBaHa. EcaH ofa H Upes- 
cTaBiserL HbKoTOpHil HATepechb, TO He Kakb AOTHYeECKOR DocTpoesie, 


*) Llurnpyto oo ities. Bheramb*, 5 agp. 1908 r, 








HABPOCEH COBPEMEAHOCTH. 177 


@ Kab OTpamenie onpes’bsenHaro HacTpoenis, cBOcTBeAHAarO AaxeKO 
He ofHomy r. Oxuropy. Cpequ HallHxb UyOAMMMCTOBD eCTb NMCAaTedE, 
HACTPOeCHHEHe eute Ooarbe MpawHO H HAyOie Bb CBOeCMB MeCCHMHSMS 
ropa3sqo Jaabpme r. Oxnrosa. 

OXH4Mb H3B TAakKHXB nucaTereh sapiaetca r. M. Onresbrapy. 
Emme HefaBHo OHB, 00 ero ClOBaMb, Tasia Ha pycckifl Hapoyb, «N0- 
BBpAIb, ITO BHIATS OYVHYBMATOCA TUTAHa, KOTOPH He OCTaHOBATCA 
Wake Mepexb MOMBITEOH OcymecTBIeHis COniaMMCTHYeCKOH OpranHsanin 
oOmectBa». Tenepb r. OHTeALTAapAb TOPbkO kKaeTca Bb cBoe OMHORS 
H EaTerOopHyeckH yTBepmAaerb: «He TSML TOAbKO XapakTepHsyerca 
COBpeMeHHOe NotomeHie Bene, 4YTO OHO N10X0, & TBMB, ITO OHO 
GesHagemHo». <I popalupmasca pepomonia — NOACHAeTS OHS — HE 
TOABKO HE DpHBela Kb OOHOBICHIW, HO H He BHBeIa Ha NYTh EB 
OOHOBIeHIN». fcHa Telepb fr. DHrelbraply H OpAyHHa «NopoBarza pe- 
Bomonin». <I pHyada,—ocHOBHas, Bce NopbmasMag NpHInna—osga: 
Gescuaie pycckaro Hapoya, KOTOpHH mposBuib ce6a H Ha OTOTS pass 
OOABIIHMS, HO HE BedHKHMB>. IpuaHHa—eOGescuaie, ApaOn0cTh u 
M€IKOTA Hapowa, Macc’b, GOIBMMHCTBA Hain, 0 ROTOPHIA pasOHIHCh 
YCHIiA AHNB H oHepria MapTifi». Ilaptin, no mabHiW Yr. DHreabrapsa, 
MOTIH ODIHOHTBCH,—BIO Hapota OnIXO ACHpaBlATh 98TH omHOKH. 
«Ho ecaa ,,pepoxwnionuad onepria“ Hapoxa BHARXaeTca DOcrB ep- 
Baro ycaJis, IpH nepspo Heyzayb, ecaH OHa 03% OCTATEA BHIBBTpA- 
BaeTCa Bb DyMS ReMOnCTpalift uw OesToI0IM LepBHXb cTuxifiqHxh 
NOpHBOBS, TO BCB AbicTBia BCbxb apTi OkamyTCH DO.IHHARIMU 
,omHuokaMH“: BC IpHBe]yTb Kb OMHOMY... Kb pasOHTOMY KOPHITY>. 
A‘B1O BH TOMS, YTO «BCB MpOrpaMMb OOHOBACHIA, Jame CAMEIA CEPOM- 
HEI WH CMHPHEIA, fame UporpamMMn BH. EK. Tpy6enmkoro uau n0- 
KOHwaro Teligena, TpedyWTb AH CBOero OCyMlecTBIeHIA OAHOTO HeMpe- 
MBAHarO yc1OBia: YTOOH Hapodt Okasaica OoraTHpemMs, a He pedenol... 
A KOJH OHD OFa3adcH edero#, TO OfHAa JHB MporpamMMa Mora 
ocymlecTBuTbes: Jy6posuna cb Opatiei»... Cb ToukH spbuia, ycBoeHHott 
HHA ©. QHreIbTapyOMh, pycckii Hapos'h axe MeHbMe, BME Peesa. 
«Hapomp, pycckifi Hapoyb, noka3saab ceOa Bb STOMB IOKyMeHin Ha 
pebomnnin ne Uase# Mypommemb 4 He CHIbBHMDS CaMcoHOM'’b, a 
Bcero TOABKO [LOupHMHHHIMb, KOTOPHH BooOpasnap ce6a DepanAaH- 
womb VII, ropotemb HCNANCEHMD, A AaBak svepruTb. Hayaazbcrso 
OusbIINIO; & TaMb, BHAS, 4TO [lonpnamuat—rTomskxo L[onpamunt, 
coOpatoch Cb AyxoMb. «ff TeOB Nekamy, Kako TH ucHaHncRift KO- 
pos»... W moxasaru! Mu ayMann, Depeyb HaMH BYIRAHb, ab Oka- 
Balca wysnpb! [lsyarp ero HOCKOMS rocioyckif canorb—H Bech pe- 
BoMOUIOnHH AyYXb “Xb Nyshipa BouS»... Tepext HaMa—TOPReCTBEHHO 
Zakioyaersh fr. OAreIbrapyb— «OVeBUAHOCTh: HApOA'S HE peBOAWMIOHeHD: 
CYHYBIIHCh ObI10 Blepeyt, OHS He BHAepKalb Nepspoli HeylaqH # 
Iiperb Teleph Ha nouaTHH». WM motomy-To na Oanmafimia, no rpaii- 
Hei mbpb, zecataabria «lepciertana o6o3HayaeTca Bons onpesb- 


Mespaab. Orabar Il. 12 


me ee i ee ee ee 


178 &B MA ROTH A Sb. 


HeHHad»: <«epej> HaMA JWHHAHH, yepHHi, S810B0OHHNH KOpHAOpt, 
KOTOPOMY H@ BHAHO KOHDO» *). 

Ha uepsult B3riayb cxema r. M. Jnreabrapxa MOmeTS, NOma.1y;h, 
NOKABATLCA HBCKOABKRO cCaomAbe, YSMb UpHBeeCHHAad BEING cxeMa 
r. Oxuropa. Ho, noneuHo, TOXbKO H& DepBH Bsrisab. Bh wBHCTBH- 
TCIBHOCTH Bb OOBMNX' OTHXE CXEMAXb ECTb MHOFO OOMaro, H STO 
odmee, Opexge BCero, 3aKIUaeTCA BL HX HeOOHKHOBeEHHOH mpo- 
croTb. O6a HasBaHHHXb UACaTelad OJHHAKOBO YBBPeHH Bb TOMS, ITO 
JAS HACh HACTYNHIb nepioab AOATOH peakUin, TOAbEO OXUHS H8b HAXb 
HMCHYe€Th 3TOTS Nepi0d’> MOMCHTOMD c«HakONAeHiA KYIbTYPHO-OUD0SH- 
WiOHHHXb CHIL», .& Apyrok—-«AIBHHEIMS, YPHHMb, BIOBOHHEIM'S KO- 
pyxopomb». WM o6a OHH OMHAKOBO UpocTo OObACHAWTS HacTyLaeHie 
Takoro nepioga. Jaa r. Omnropa Bce J'bI0 Bb TOM, ITO Y Hach HBTS 
KyAbTYpHOH MaCCHI H, CTAaIO OTS, «HakONIeHia OOMeCTBeHHO-ONN0SH- 
iOHHHXS CHJb» HAalO meAaTh 25 bb. Jaa r. Oaresbrapsa AIO 
ele mpome: Bea Obfa Bb TOMS, ITO «HapONd HE PEBOAWMIONEHDS». 
Toa 8azayb YT. OHTeABTapAS BBPAAD Bh «PeBOIWMIOHHOCTh» pPyccRaro 
Hapola H NOBBpHAL Bb «OUHYBMaroca THTAHAa, KOTOPHH He OCTaHO- 
BUTCH flake Nepelb MOmHTKOH conialacTuyecKoh opranasania oOme- 
crBa». Toa mpomerst, pesomonia we noObluxa, uw Yr. OnTexbTapyb 
KakB Heibsa Gombe AerkO Halex OGbacHeHie sTOMYy: pyccRiff Hapoxs 
«He peBotonionesb», OoHb—edesa, Lloupumans, Lyshpb, KoTOpHit 
JOCTATOUHO MHYTb TOCHOACKAME canoromh, YOON H8b HeLO BHLICTBAS 
BOCh PCBOJIOMIOHHHH AyxXb. HA He Oyxy OcTabaBAMBaTbca Ha TOH yapo- 
MeHHo# ICHXONOTIH, KOTOPad JCRHTS Bb OCHOBS oToH OntcTpoh cuban 
apesmMBpHHXS yHOBaHift uw CTOIb Ke ipesMBpPHEIXS Lopananif, o6pa- 
IeBHHXB 10 agpecy Hapoxa. Celiqach MeHA HHTepecyeTh ABMIb JOrH- 
weckad cTopoHa nocTpoesift r. Onreabrapgza. Ho Heibsa He SaMBTaTs, 
¥TO H 9T& HOCABAHAA HX CTOPOHA MpeACTABEACTCA AO-HCALSA YUPO- 
meHHOH. [Lopax,MMOMY, Y. OHTeALraplb CIATAeTS «peBOAWTIOHHOCTL> 
RAKEMB-TO COBEPMeCHHO OCOOCHAHIM' ICHXHICCKREMS CBOHCTBOMD, UPH- 
CYIMME OJHUMD HaposamMb H YVSINMB Apyrum’b. MM cBocrso 9T0, Bb 
ero IpexcTaBlenHid, ABIseTca MpaAmMo uyfoxbictseHaHMs. Ecrh y Ha- 
poda «peBOIONiOHHOCTS»—H MORHO CMBIO NPACTYHaTd Kb NOMNTRAME 
ocyulecTBieHia comiaxucTHyeckaro oOmectsa. He no6baquza aemeg- 
ICHHO peBodWDid-—3HaUHTb, Hapowb «He peBOAWNIOHCHB». A CCAH 
TAKb, HAO OCTABHTb BCAKIA MeUTH O6b ycmbxaxt BB 6ops6b # ups- 
TOTOBHTLCA BB TEWHIC AeCATHABTIN MATH «JAAHAMS, TOPHHMS, SIOBOH- 
HHMb EKOPHAOPOMt», Cb NOIJHNMb COSHAHICMB TOTO, ITO «KET MEI 
He O6yneMb, & pasBb TOABKO CYMCCTBOBaTh—H YHYCHO CYyMecTBO- 
Bath» **), 

O61aqaa cro’b mpocro# u yso6no mwbpko# gaa onbaKH BCBXS 
SBICHIH MOMMTHYECKOH MRA3HH, Lf. DHLeAbTapFb, ECTECTBCHHO, He BWHOTL 


4) <CBoSoqnpa Muican», 1908 r., N 35. 
+*) Cro6onuna Mucau*, 1908 r., Ne 39. 


HABPOCRA CORPEMEHHOCTSA. 179 


HYRIB CROABRO-HHOYAL BHAMATC.THHO BrAANWBAThCA BL 9TY WOcrBA- 
HOW. OHb H Bb ABACTBATCIDHOCTH pa3scCMaTpPHBaeTh ee, NO BHpae- 
Hi ognoro “3B repoeBb Tab6a Ycnenckaro, «ch OTHIBATO Ayas0». 
Ilycts nocabygie roget BB Poccin Onan CBA STeCAAMH HeObIRAIEIX? 
emle yY Hach M0 CHXB H COSHATeIHHOCTH MACCOBHIXB AsAKeHii,— 
Tr. DHTeCIBTapAh Cb CBOETO <NTHIbATO [va3s0» HE BUAATH sTOTO, a BH- 
ATS THM <«G6escutie, mps620cTh A MeAKOTY Hapoga, Macch, 60.1b- 
IMHHCTBA Hallif, O KOTOPHA pasOHANCbh YCHAIA JHOB HW OHEpris Nop- 
Tif». Ilycrh sta rogH OIA AAA pycckaro Haposa FoaMA OTNAMHHOT 
OophOH H TpOMAaNHHXh RKePTBh, PABHHXD KOTOPHIM} HEMHOTO BHACTh 
HCTOpin—F. QHTeAbTapAY Cb BHICOTH eFO «NTHYbATO Ayaso» H sTOTO 
He 8aMBTHO, H OHS IAMb YNOPHO NOBTOPAeTH, YTO HapOAS He cNpa- 
BHICH Cb «lepBHMb UpensTCTBieMbL», «He BIZepKaIb mepBokt ne- 
Y4aqH», ITO ero sHepria 643% OCTATEY BHIBBTPHAACL «BB WyMB Wemos- 
cTpanifi n GesTon04n NepBHxb cruxifisnixb TopHBOBB». BAoBb it 
BHOBb NOBTOPAS, ITO pasb peBorWNia He NOObANAa, TO, OTeEBHAAY, 
pycckif Hapor, OescurzeHh, Tr. DHTedsTapkb Bh CBOCMb <iTHUbEM'S 
Ayas0», Ch BHCOTH KOTOpaTO OHD O6o3pbsaeTs BCeMipHyw HcTopit, 
Waxe HE TPYIBTCH BCIOMHUTL, YTO H Bb RASHH THXD HApPOAOBS, 
KaKHXb OHD MpPOTABONOCTABASETS PYCCKOMY, OHIBAIH PeBOAWMIA yay- 
HbIS, HO 6b1BaaH H HeyayAHA. He MHTaeTca OHS, cb Apyrofi cTOpoHH, 
H CKOIDEO-HAOYIb MPHCTAaIbHO BrIAAbTECA Bb XoNb camo pyccKol 
pesomonig. Ja u &B 4emy oto? [bio CTOUTS Kakb HeAb3A Mpomle. 
T. Onresbrapa® coszamp ceOb KyYMHpa .H STOTh KYMAPb OIRCHS 
OLIIh CHBAaTH TO, 4YTO NOAOMATE eMy cCAbAaTS ©. Jareabrapyp. A 
pasb OHB eTOTO He cy&blayb, ©. OATCALTAPAh CTO PasBbAYHBaeTh HU 
CTapaetcs HaliTH AJA Hero MO BOsMOmHOCTH Oorbe OOHAHHA CIOBA. 
Bs pesyabTaTb wapors, Byepa enle OObaBAABMiicH <THTAHOMD», Cero- 
aua o6pamaetca BB <edezy», m0 cBoe apA6x0cTH HeCHOCO6HYN RB 
pepornniag. A nepexb Hama ONATb—CXemMa, OFCHb MHOTO TOBOpAMlad 
O TICHXOAOrIH H HacTpoeHid eA aBTOpPa, HO pOBHO HH4YeFO He Jawad 
as WOHHMaHia srbhicTBaTexbHOH HASHH H, Bb YACTHOCTH, HHGeTO He 
YACHHWIMNaA BB TeKYOeMb ef MOMEHTS. . 
Ilpocrsia CXeMHI, MERAY UPOWMb, YROOHH ThMD, ITO IPH *Reda- 
Ri HX JeCTkO CTPOHTh BB INOOMb HallpaBxAeHiH,—CTOMTh HIS 
He OcobeHHO CIHTATLCA CL TBM akTamMA, kKakie AOIKaH BOHTH BB 
HXt pameg. VM, ecau, 00 yebpeniw r. Osreabrapya, AIA Hach HacTy- 
NHID Noaritt NH saTraxHoOH epions pearnin Oxzarogapa GescHain H 
ApsOxocTH pycckaro Haposa, OkasaBlaroca «He peBOJWNIOHHHMD, 
TO Bb NYOANDACTHES NOCTBAHHXD MBCADECBS OWAO BHABHHYTO H CO- 
BePMeHHO NPOTHBOMOIORHCe DocTpoenie, oObscHAWMee BCH HeyAaqUH, 
Kakia NOTepubx0 OCBOOOANTeAbHOe ABuReHie, uw BCB ycubxw peakniv 
HSIHDIABMD «<PeBOIONIOHH3MOMB> Hale HHTeIaHreHnin. Takoe HMeHHO 
TlocTpoeHie OHAO AaHO eme HBCROABKO M’BCAIeBb TOMY Hasalb BB 
ono usb craTefi r. Crpyse. Ilo mabuiw oToro muCcaTels, «Hama 


BOHHCTBYWMad HATCAAMTeHDia#> OKAsAIACh BAHOBHOH BE «OescMbIcleHHO- 
12* 


180 B MAKOTHE Sb. 


PaBEaIbHOM® 3a0cTpenin arpapHaro BONpOCa, KAaKB BOMpPOCa S9KOHOMEYE- 
ckaro» H Bb eme Gombe 6e3cMbICACHHOM®D OCAOMHCHIN «PalHKaIbHOk 3K0- 
HOMHGCCKOM NpomarabAH Bb KPCCThAHCTBS YACTO-PeBOINDIOHHOM NoABTH- 
yeckol Nponaranyjo#, npaMo HaDpaBrAenHOH UNpoTHBd MOHApXiA». «Bs sTok 
»TARTHEB“, BE KOTOPOH BHIAHAACh BCA OFPOMHad HATeLIBTeHTCKad Ha- 
KONHBMAACS JCCATHABTIAMH HEHABACTL UPOTHBS ACTOPHIeCKOH BAaCTH,— 
KaTerOopHuecKkH s8anbisrb Yr. CrpyBe—ACKAHTh KOpPeHB HA pasTrayka 
peaknin, pasrayka Toro. 4TO He ,OrpoMANf*, a BD VbHCTBATeABHOCTH 
HHUTOMHHH UpaBhi Jarepb Takb erkO MOBepHYAb HACTOPHUECKYD 
BIacTb OPOTHBS Haposa. MomHo Cka3aTb, ITO TOABKO 9Ta ,,TAaRTHEa“ 
cozqala ,COW8b pycckaro Hapoma‘, Kakb peawbHyW cHAy>. «<He 
arpapHas pedopMa—noscHaipb jasbe r. Crpype—nory6a1a esHta- 
THYECKYNH PeBOINNIM, & NOTHTHUeCEIH peBOANIOHASMD NoryOuyb Hw 
BalepKalb arpapHyW pePopMy—-BOTb MopMy.1a, BB KOTOpOH ME pe- 
SIOMUPyeML IMPAKTHYeCKOe TMOHHMaHie HAaCTYOHBMAaro peaknioHHaro 
NoBopoTa. ITO—NoaATHYECKIBA pPeROIMOIOHH3MS pycckoH comiazucTHye- 
CKOH HATeIIUTeHIIH CBA8aIb arpapHyH peopMy cb yTouigMu KHERX- 
Haro JORTPHHAIbHAarO ,,cOMiana3Ma‘; 98TO OH Kb BBEOBOMY CTBOLY 
SI€MCHTAPHHXb HHCTAHETOBD, HeEAOBHPiA A HOHABHCTH, WapHBMEXs 
Bb AyUIb KPCCTLAHCTBa, IPHBABAIB CBOE 9Cb-3PCTBO H aC'b-AIKCTBO. 
O6bekTHBAHH NI0Ab sTOH ,TAKTHRH“ Bb TOCYJapCTBeHHOH wH3HH Ha 
IHI0: B86HpaTeAbHHH sakoHb 3 ins, OTHABWIA y Hamwero mpejcta- 
BHTeCIBCTBA Haposwni xapakTeph». HH, yAudHBb HHTCAIHTCHIID BB 
CTOXb TAHKAXS Upectynseniaxt, r. Crpype Biorb nocabsOBaTeAbAO 
IPH3HBaab ee «cosHaTb CBO AOaTS H, Oombe Toro, cBoH rpbxs ne- 
pelb HapolOMb> H «HCIpaBuTh rpbxb peBOIWMIOHH3Ma>» NYTeM'S <M0- 
IHTAHWeCCKATO H MOPAadbBarO MepepocnuTania>» ceba camo#, koTopve 
TOMOKeTS eff H «OKOHYATeIBHO NpeosorbTh cTapHi nopagoKD> *). 
I. Crpype, nogo6Ho r. OHTeIbTaply, MpPHHazZeRHTE Kb 4HCIY 
nHcaTeteH, KOTOPHe HE CTOABKO APrYMeCHTHPYHTS, CKOABRO AeEKPETH- 
PylOTS cBOH yTBepmrenia. BHO BpeMs, KOrAa OHS OOLABIAXS HHTEI- 
IMTeHHIW Bb HCTOPHIeCKOMSB Mponecch quantité négligeable. Teneps 
OH Cb pBUIMTeIbHOCTHW, AOCTOHHO AyaMaro upuMbacais, TeperHy3b 
WaikY Bb APYryWO CTOPOHY H TOTOBh OOBHHATD «Hally BOHACTBY WMH 
HHTeMIHTeCHDIN» Bb TOMS, ITO OHA DepeBepHysa Bce TeyeHie Hapox- 
HOH MH8HH H CBOHMS «PeBOAINIOHASMOMS» TOryOsxa HAH Saqepmara 
arpapHyh pedopmy. Ho, BiicTaBigd Takia yTBepRieHixz, OH H HE 
WhTaeTcH# YSMb-1HOO JOKASHBaTh BX, & IpPOCTO OOBABARETE HX 
BO BceoOmes cabybRie. [panga, ORasaTb AXDb O10 OH JOBOABHO 
mMyapeno. “utTag pascyxpzesia r. Crpype, MORHO NOLyMaTb, 4TO arpap- 
Had pedopMa 10 NporpaMMB &.-y. Daprid Morga OH OCyDLeCTBHTBCa 
COBepmMeHHO OesnpenATcTBeHHO, eCAHOHY TOIbKO e@ He OTBEPTdu 
KPCCTbAHCTBO, NOAaBeecA IPOHHRHYTHMS «peBOIMTiORHSMOMB> BHY- 
MeCHiaMb HHTCAIBTeHNIH MH eCAHOH TOTh RE «<PCBOAWHIOHH3MBY HE 


*) .TaxTuka nan ngea?* ,Pycckan Muicap“, 1907, Ne 8, 231, 233, 234. 











HaBPOCKH COBPSMEBHOCTA. 1S] 


HCIOpTHI'b HacTpoewia «HcTopnyeckoH BiracTa». Bs a bicTBATeADHOCTH 
Wb10, KOHEIHY, OGcTOSIO JayeKO He Tak®b mpocto. UM, ecau r. Crpyse 
Bb «PeCBOINUIOHH3MB» HATCAIHTCHNIH BUABTD pasragqky TOro, To 
«HHYTOKHHH UpaBHf Jarepb TaKb JerkO MOBepHYAB MCTOPHYeCKyI0 
BIaCTh UPOTHBS HapoOsa», TO WOSBOABTeEAbHO CIPOCHTb ero, Tub OHS 
YCMOTPbIb TakOH MOMCHTS, KOA oTa BIACTh OHTA Cb HapOOMb U 
3a Hapoip. UnTaTedh NOHHMA@eTS, 4TO STO BOMpoch ue NpasqaHt, 
HOO OTB HeFO 8@BHCHTb BCe HocTpoeHie r. Crpyse, mperexzywmee 
BCEPHITh Lepexb HaMH <KOpeHb H pasragRy peakoin». Ho a 6owwcs, 
YTO NOAYYHTH OTBBTE Ha Tako BOMpOch oTb FV. Crpype Helbad, 
He1b8a 00 TOK upocToH npAIHA', ITO NpeAnoOA’araeMaro HMB MOMCHTA 
BOBCe He cymecTBoBat0. I. Crpyse BOLeHS, KOHC4HO, YTReEPKAAaTh, ATO, 
«eciH 70 17 OkTSOpA HCTHHHO-pyccKie OH CyMeCcTBOBAIA CaMH 110 
ce6b, TO nocab 17 oxTa6pa OA CyTb BcelbIO coszanie 3C'b-spOBh MU 
SCB-19KOBE» *). IlOrpoOMHHIXh [bX MACTepa, HaYHHaAA Cb WpecAoBy- 
Taro HomMmuccapoBa H KoHYas KiesckuMb Bopucomb Tsehosuyems, 
MOTYTb, MoRay, TOIbKO MOpawOBATbCH TakAMb YTBeEPARLeHIAMS, 
BIOIHS cOBNalaNMAMS Cb AX COOCTBEHHHIMH NYOJHIHHWMH NoKasa- 
HisMH, HO Upo ce6a OHH B8HAaNTS KOe-ITO Apyroe. UM stro apyroe, ka- 
3a10cb 6H, 0688aHb 8HaTb H yOiuWAcTh, Sepymifica 3a obbacHeHie 
COBpeMeHHEIX’S cobnitifi. Ho, koHedHO, ecaH OCBOOOAuTS CeOa OTS BCH- 
KHXb CipaBOKb Cb NOAIMHHEIMA PakTAaMH H BOOPYRUTHCH AOCTATOWHO 
OleH HAMBHOCTH, BO3MOHHO CTPOHTh KAKIA YTOAHO MpPOCTHA CXeMH, 
AKOOH OOBACHAWMIA KH3Hb. MomBO Jame, CTOA AMIOMD Kb AWNY CB 
pasBepTHBawiefica Nepexb HaMH TpaHnAiosHok ApamMo#, He 8aMbuaTh 
TOMIHHHALO eA COMepRanis, He BEASTS, YTO Bb RABHH CTPAHN HAeTh 
Gopb6a OrpoMHHXb HHTepecOBh H ATO OHA 8b OOpWMAXcA CTOPOHB 
BOOpyxeHa MOTYMCCTBeEHHHIME Me€XAHHSMOM’ FOcyAapcTBeHHOl BAACTH, 
TOFAa KARS Apyraad Oes0pyxHa2 H HE OPraHHs0BaHa, & YCMATPABATB 
BCH UPHIABY ycnbxoBh peakwid HCKIWYATCIBHO Bb «peBoOTWNIOHHSM'b> 
HHTexAuTeHnin. Tora MOMHO MH BeCh CMEICAS MepeKATHXS YPOKOBB 
CBCCTH Kb HEOOXOAMMOCTH HBNeCUeHIA OTb STOTO «PeBOTIONIOHH3Ma». 
IIpocrorb o6backaome RXu3Hb CXeMH OyeTb COOTBBTCTBOBATL 1po- 
CTOTa HatiqeHHaro BHXO1a: «435 NOAMTHYECKATO TYNHEA, BS KOTOpHI 
MEI 38011, CTpaHY MOKeTS BHIBECTH TOAbKO NWOAMTHGECKOG H MOPadb- 
HOG DepeBocnuTanie pycckoH uHTexaHrennin» **). 

Cams r. CrpyBe BO BCSKOMB cAyiab TMaTexbHO BHMOIHACTS CBO 
COBBTH H YCepAHO cTapaeTCA Kakb MORHO AatbMe OTOHTH OTS Ma- 
ryOuaro <peBor0ni0HH3Ma». Bh nocabaqaee BpeMA OHS IIpeAIpPAHAID, 
MeHAY IpowmMb. HscaxbzoBanie npobsemt BHbmUAeH NOIHTHKH, cTpe- 
MACh H BB oeTOH OONACTH OTKPkTb H HCHpaBHTb rpbxa <peBorw- 
IWiOHHSMa» H «paluzainsMa». L[lpasga, uscabgopanie 93TO Bb CBON 
OwepeAb CBEAOCL AHDIb KB AekpeTHPOBAHiW HBCROADKAXS AaPOPHsMOBs, 


“) Tamme, 23]. 
>*) Tamae, 234. 


182 B. MA BOTH SE DS. 


NOpoW BCChMa ACOMARAHHXD BH ThYb He MeHbe IpPOBOSTAAMAeMHXB 
Ch TAKOH pLMuTeAbHOCTL H YBBPeEHHOCTSW, KOTOpad MOrsa OW OHIT 
ame uMmoHNpywomel, ecan6m He 61a UpesmMbpHo Hansa. IIo 38a- 
Bbpeniw r. Crpyse, «<6anaibab paqukainsMb» H eOanaabaLlii KOH- 
CCpBaTH3Mb» CXOIATCH APY Cb APYFOMb Bb TOM, YTO 06a OHH 
OJHAAKOBU CTPeMATCA MOYAHHTH BHBMAWH NOAMTHRY YTocyxapcTBa 
RAYTpesAech ero WoANTHEB. Mexazy ThMb BAO NOAMAO CTOATh EAB 
pasb Haobopors. «II cnxos0rHqeckH BCAKOG CAORBBMECCA TOCYAAapCTBO 
ecTh KakD> 6h ABKAA AHYHOCTH, y KOTOpOH ecTb cBoH BepxoBaHt 8a- 
kOHh OLTiag». «Jia rocyxapcTBa—nposoimaeTh vr. CTrpyspe—sToTs 
BepXOBHbIfi 3aK0nS ero ONTIN TAACHTb: BCAKOe BAOPOBOe H CHAbHOE, 
T. @€, He TOABKO JOPHAHICCKA ,,caMOJepmaBHoe* HAH ,,cyBepeHHoe~, HO 
i) QMakTH1eCKH CaMHMb coOolt Repmamleeca rocysapcrTBo ResaeTs Outs 
MOTYDICCTBCHHBIMS. A OITD MOFYDICCTBEHHHMD B3HAYATE O06AaNaTD 
nenpeMBHHO ,,BAbOHen“ mombw. H60 u3b crpemacHia YTocys_apcrBh 
ib MUTYDLCCTBY Heu3OBKHO BLITeKAeTh TO, YTO BCAKOe caaboe rocy- 
1apCcTBO, CCIM OHO He OrpakseHO OpPoOTHBOOOPCTBOM HBATepeCOBs o- 
CYlaPCTBh CHAbHHXS, ABIAeTCA Bb BOBSMORHOCTH (MOTeHMiaabHO) B 
BE AbicrBureabHocTH (de facto) xo6muel Jaa TOcylapcTBa CHABHATO>. 
STBCPAUBL TakHMb OOpasoMb CBOW MBICAb MepeBOJOMB CAOBL Ch 
pycckaro Ha JaTHAcKit a3nKb, r. Crpype CaIHTaeTh e€@ Ye OkKOHTA- 
TCIhHO oKasaHnoH HH KarerOpH¥eCCREH S8aSBAZeTb, GTO <OTCDXA 
ABCTBYCTh, KARL NpespaTHa Ta TOUkA SspbHis, BL KOTOpOH ob beyu- 
HAeTCA OAHAALAHI PaHKAIuSMD CB OabalbAHMb KOHCEpBaTHSMOMB 
HAH, Ckopbe, ch peakuionepcTBOMB H KOTOPad CBOAHTCH KB DOXGH- 
HeHito BOMpoca O BAbuUINeH MOM rocyzapcTBa BONpOcy O TaKB HAH 
HHave NOHHMaeMOMD ero BHYTpeHHeM’S Oxaronoayyin». HU, no mabHiD 
r. Crpyse, pyccko-anonckas Bolina, cb onHOf CTOPOHH, pycckas pe- 
BOMMHIA, Cb Apyro#, «10 KORN ONpablaia» HWMeHHO ero B3rasth. 
«Kapo# 3a nogundenie Babmaet noauTHKH coobOpameHiaMh NOZMTHEE 
BHYTpeHHew OWIB NOIHHf pasrpomb cTapo# mUpaBaTesbcrsesxHol 
CHCTeMHI BB TOH cihepb, Bb KOTOpoH OHA CUMTaAAch HanOorbe .cHab- 
HoH, Bb cheph BubmHaro MorymecTBa. A, Cb Apyroli cTOPOHH, pexo- 
T0id WoTepubia opamenie HMeHHO NOTOMY, 4TO OHa OHLAa Hallpas- 
1eHa Ha MOAPHBL FoOcysapcTBeHHOH MONK pagu A3BBCTHHXE mbsrefi 
RAYTpeHHehl NOANTHKH». OTHXD pascymaenifi aaa r. Crpyse Buoxat 
RocTaTouHo, uToOw npilira gb «Te3ucy, KoTOpHfi—no ero co6cTBeH- 
HOMY yObayenio—jaa OONUHATO pycCRarO HMHTeXAHTeHTCRATO cayxa 
MOKCTD MOKAsaTbCA NO KpakHOCTA MapadOkCasbHHMb». «QcexkOwB # 
Mbpa.omb Beef T. H. ,BHYTPeHHe“ NOABTHEH Kakb MpaBATeAbcTRA, 
TAaRb H DapTit—s3aABiaeTh MYOIMUACTh—-OAKCH CAYKHTH ATBBTS 
Ha BOINpOCch: Bb kako mMbpbB oTa nNoAuTHKa CoxbitCTByeTb T. Has. 
BABSIOHEMY MOTYMeCTBY rocyzapcTBa?» *), 

I. Crpyse mogzaraerb, 4TO ero KOHCYHH A TesHCb MOMETE DOEKa- 


*) »Beankan Poccia“, ,P. Murcap, 1908, Ne 1, erp. 144. 








HABPOCKH COBPEMEHHOCTSH. 183 


saTbca Kpaine MapagoKcaibuoMb. Mab, IpasHaTsca, UpeAcTaBAseTca 
Apyroe,—44TO He TOAbEO STOTh Te3HCb, HO H BCB UpHBeAeHAHA pas- 
cyxgenis r. Crpyse oranuantca kpainelt crenesbio HauBHocTH. Bs 
CYDLHOCTH OHH MpeACTaBIAWTS C000 HHATO MAve, KAkKb WepenbBs Ha 
pycceifi azaaqm pascyxgenif ABMeNKHXH Haliviarb-lAnOeparoBD. Kb 
HOAIHHHEIMS He PakTaMb pyccko# Kasay, xota vr. Crpyse u ccHaaerca 
‘Ha nocibanie, OHH HMBIOTh BeChMa OTAaleHHOe HW NpoOseMaTHIeCKOe 
OTHOMEeHIe, CCIM TOABKO MO-MpOCcTy He HB8BpallawWTb BCH MepciekTHBy 
STHXS MakToBb. BL caMoMb AbIB, AerkoO CkasaTb, OVATO pyccean pe- 
BOLI TOTepibsa nWopaxenie AMeHHO NOTOMY, YTO 6nldJa HalpaBiena 
Ha MOAphBh TocyyapcTBeHHo MOM paqu Wbaeli BRYTpquaeli NOdu- 
THEH. Ho BBIb CKa8aTb STO Mat0, Hao OHO Ob eMle H AOKAazaTh, 
YTO PeBOAMIIA CTpeMHIach NOJOpBaTb rocykapcTBeHHy! MOM. HU 
Wid JOKasaTeAbCTBa TAKOrO MOAOMeHia, KOHEIHO, HeAOCTATOYHO IMpo- 
CTOH CCBIIKH Ha TOTh HIH HHO OTABIDHEIH peBomonionHAHi axrb. 
-T. Crpyse, nanpumbpb, cuuTaeTh Bb CBOeMb posh MACAAbHMIMS «pe- 
BOAMTiOHeEpOM-TOCyAapcTBeHHHKOME» QOanBepa KpomBels, HashBad 
ame eFO «CaMHMb MOD[HHMS TBOPUOMS abrailickaro rocysapcTBeH- 
Haro MorymectBa». Hao nodaratTb, O4HaKO, YTO Bb TOTh MOMEHTS, 
korgqa KpoMBelb cpastaicd Cb KOpOJeBCKBMH BOHCKAaMH, OH HE 0CO- 
OeHHO MHoro cosbicTBoBaIb nossepRanit BHBmHeH Mom AxHraiH. 
Ho eyBa-34 OHD H COrkacHica OM Bb 9TOTh MOMCRTD MBDPATb CBOH 
mbicrBia sazayeit noxgepxania rocyzapcrBeHsok Momlu. TakoBa Bb 
CyMHOcTH cyAb6a Hu BCbXb peBOAWNIOHHHXS akTOBb. Bylyia waupa- 
BCH UpOTHBD rocmogscTsywmeli BL TocyAapcTsb BAACTH, OHH HeHB- 
Obxa0 BR TOH vin HHOH mMbpb oTpamkabtca A Ha BH'BMBeH MODIH 
rocyzapcTBa, Mopoxsad BpeMeHHOe ea OcaabeHie. Ho oTcwxa emle 
Wb1ad Mpowacth AO TOO CTpeMAeHiA NOAPHBATh TOCyJapCTBeEHHYH MOMIb, 
Kakoe r. Crpyse COBepMeHHO NPOHSBOIbHO HaBABbIBAeTB pyccKol pe- 
Boswnik. Hemnorums Ooxbe osTpepmraeTs molomenia r. Crpyse u 
Apyroh paab MukToBb, yKasHBaemali ums. Uycts Ugese roakas'b Poc- 
cii0 Ha Boy cb Suonie# pagqu oOTBAeveHiA BHHMAaHiA OOMWeCTBA H 
Hapola OTb BHYTPCHAHXD ABAL TOCyJapcTBa. ITO HHCKOABKO He OMpO- 
BepraeTh TOrO OOcTOATeABCTBa, YTO PyCCKO-sNOHCKaa BOHHA Ona 
BHI3BaHa, Cb OAAOH CTUPOHH, CTpeMIeHiemMb NoAsepKaTh MpecTuKh 
«BHbugei mom» Poccis, cb Apyrodi—cpoeodpasHok aspanTiwpol, BE 
CBOW o4epenb He UMbBINLH HuGerO OOMaro Cb TaKb HAH HHaYe L0- 
HHMM2CMHIMb <«<BHYTPCHHHMDS OnarouoAyyiemb» rocygzaperBa. UH, korga 
r. Crpype yTBepxlaeTb, Y10 BHYTPCHHAA NOAMTHKA TOCYAapcTBa AOARHA 
OHITH noqanneHa BAbMBeli ero NomATHK., YTO NOCABAHAA NOMA CIY- 
HTH OCCIKOMD H MBPHAOMD epBol, OH, BS CYOIHOCTH, CaM’b TOTO He 
3aMbuad, JOMHTCA Bh OTEPHTYH ABepb H He ONpOBepraeTh, a BOC- 
MIPOHSBOJUTE BSPAAIH OTCYCCTBEHHHXS KOHCepBATOpOBh HM peakMioHe- 
POBb, vb LaBHUX® Mopb Haxofanlie ceOb MupoKkoe Mpaktayeckoe NpHu- 
m'brenie Bb pycckol wHSHH. 

Ho cams r. CrpyBe cb HENOHATHOH 218 NOCTOpOHHATO YeAORbEA 


184 B MA ROTH SE SD. 


OAHZOPYROCTBO He BUAATH OTOTO H OCTaeTCA Bb O1axeHHOH yBbpex- 
HOCTH, 4TO OND OTKPHAb HOBHH NyTb, OLBHAEOBO paxenifi orb «6a- 
HadbHarO PalHRalnsMa» AH OT «6anadbHaro KOHCePpBaTH3Ma>, MYT 
HCTHAHOH rocytapcTBensof MmyfpocTH. <ToOAbKO YrocyxapcrTBO H ero 
MOM[b— BOCKANAeTS OHB BB OTOH yBbPeHHOCTH—MOFYTS ONTb JAS Ha- 
CTOAMLMXS DaTpioTOBb HCTHHHOH yTesogHo# spb3pjoh. OctasbHoe— 
«OayRAawnie Oray». 

CxeMa ToToBa, OcTaeTCH CYbxAaTh COOTBBTCTBYMMie BHBOAH H3b 
Hes. Wi onu, pasymbercs, He 3acTaBAawTS ce6a Hath. «l'ocyxap- 
CTBOHHAA MOMb,—FropopuTs r. CrpyBe,-- HEBOBMOKHA BHB OCyMecTBAe- 
Hid HanionaibHo ufzeu. HanionadbHasa ujea cospemenHolt Poccin ects 
IIPHMHPeHie MORAY BAACThIO H IIPOCHYBOIEMCH Kb CAaMOCO3HaHiW H Ca- 
MOBATCIBHOCTH HapOwOMh, KOTOpHH cTanoBaTca Hanie#. Tocyxapcrso 
HW Hallid AXOAKAH OpraHageckH cpacTHch». A JAA STOO HYKAH ABa 
ycaosia. Cb ONHOM CTOPOAH, «HHTeCAIBTOHNiA CTPaHH OIA MpOUE- 
TaTbCA TSMb JYXOMB TOCyAAapcTBeHHOCTH, 6e8b LTOCMOACTBa KOTOparo 
Bb OOpasoBaHHOMS KAACCB HO MORCTS OTS MOMHATO H CBOOORHArO 
rucysapcersa». Cb Apyrofi—«npaBbamie KpyrH TOMA NOHATH, ITO, OCI 
M8b BeJARAXD DOTpaceni#f goxmna Ballita Belukas Poccis, To Aas 
aTOTO HyKeHS CBOOoHHH, TROpIecKiff No,BHTS BCero Hapoza> *). Ha 
BTOTh pasb Tepelb HaMA ye HBCKOABRO Goxbe CAORHHE BHBOAN, 
HexkelH Tb, Kakie MH BHI'IH BE Apyro# craThb r. Crpyse. Ogasu- 
Ba@eTCA, JIA BHXOJa H3b «TYNHKA, Bb KOTOPLIH MEI 8alaH», MAXO OJ- 
*HOro ocBOOomAeHIa HATeIIBTeHnin OTE «peBorWuionHsMa». Llomamo 
TOTO JOARAM elle HBITO CYblaTb, AOAKHH HBYITO OOHATS «Upassotie 
gpyru». HW sce xe cxeMa, DPHBOAAMAd Kb TAKAM'S BHBOLAMS, OCTAeTCa 
ene upesMbpHo WpocToH, upesmbpexoO abcTpakrHod. 

«[lpapamtie Kpyra» JOKE DOeHTD... A CCIM OHH HE XOTATS H 
He MOFyTb NOHHMATb TOFO, YTO «<JOIHHW NOHATH?» CTOMTS MOCTABETS 
ceOb STOTh BOMpOCh,—@ MOCTABHTb ero, Kasax0ch ON, COONTia He- 
JapHaro Wpomsaro H TekyMlaro HacTosmaro JawTs Gombe, abwb Ao- 
CTATOYHHA OCHOBAHIA,—4TOON YOBAATECA, Kak OesHageRHO ypomena 
nepemubaeMan Ham ABiCTBHTeABHOCTL H BD STOH, SKOOH OOBACHAD- 
mefi ee, cxemb r, Crpyspe. 3apHBL pycCKYD PeBOANLIN Bb 3CMIW HB 


-BCBMH CH1aMH CTapasCh H8THaTb 43 PyCCKOH RASHH CaMHA UpHSspaRE 


«peBollonioHHsMa», Tr. Crpyspe, NOBHIMMOMY, BOBCe He DOs0spbBaers, 
4TO BB TO caMoH MorHab, Hab ROTOPOH OHS CAYRHTS cBOM Oxzaro- 
JapcTBeHHHle MOJCORH, SapHTb, Mey UPOUAM'b, H RAWYS OTS TOH 
BepH, Bb KAKyO eMY Takb xoTbaoch OH BOfita. UH, cBo6o,uHH OTb 
TAKOTO powa NOLO3pbHifi, OAD AMET MPOCTOTO BHXOfa HSb «TYMHEA» 
HM pH NOMOMH MNocTpoesHoH BL BOslyXxb adcrpagkTHOH CxXeMH Haxo- 
JHTb CrO—BDB BOOOpamenin. 

He mente, u5mn r. Crpyse, uyaxqw Tania nogospbuia w Apyromy 
coBpeMcHHoMYy wyO6saAnucty, r. [pezeckyazy. Bb uac6pamenia r. pe- 


") Tarune, 155. 








HaBP@CKH COBPEMEAHOCTH. 185 


Reckyla pycckoe ABHCTBATeIBHOCTD UpeACTaBAsetca, NoRaIyh, Bb ene 
Gorbe wpocroms Bulb, Takb KARL TO OpraHwyeckoe cpamlenie rocy- 
JapcTBa Cb Haniel nyTemb UPAMUpeHiA BIACTH Cb HAPOJOMS, KOTOpC, 
0 saBbpexiw r. CrpyBe, OIeHO Npowsz0iTH BR Hawel x*ASHH, 10 
MAHI TY. [pezeckyaa, elBa-1H yee He NPOHSOMIO Ba CaMOMD WhrB. 
«17 oxTs6pa 1905 r.—roBopaTh OHb—OTS MMCHA caMol BAACTH HAH, 
AyuUMe CkasatTb, OTE HMCHH TOTO eA aleMeHTa, KOTOPHH HCTOpHeCcKA 
He TOIBKO HO OTRHIb H He YMeph, HO KOTOpHH OyJeTh RUT 
Cb HapoxOMB ele MHOTie BBA, H BOLPYTS KOTOParO, Kakb BO- 
Kpyrb Upoakaro cTOpH4eckaro cTepmHa, OyszeTS OprakHs0BaHb 
HOBHA, ROHCTHTYHIOHAHH cTpo#, 6HIb “Blab ants, Gombe Baxauit 
H BeaHRit, wBMB UpsMof ero ucTopuueckili npesmecTBeNHHKE— 
Manuects 19 gespara 1861 roya. Manudecrs 17 oxra6pa Kans 
pasb COBEpWAE TO, ITO HYKHO OHAO HAapOAy: OHS Bb KOPHS usm'b- 
HHIb oOprannsalio y Hach rocyJapcrBeHHoll BAACTH, OHS OObABLID 
BBefeHic Y Hach HacToamei esponelickoh KOHCTHTYHIiM H STEMS BHOBb 
BePpHYIb HaMb YIpaveHHoe HaMH 8a NOAHHIMD HCTOPHYCCKAMD H8pa- . 
CXON0BaHieMS camoJepxmanin ,oTevecTso~... ,,. larpiorusmb“ noca'b sToro 
ONATh uMbeTS BB Poccia copepmenHo onpesbieHEHi 4 ACHE CMEICIS 
H OHS JOIRCHS ONTE HAalpaBleHh Ha YCTaHOBJeHie BL CTpay'b HacTo- 
ame KOHCTHTYHin, T. 6. Ha BOUAOMeHie Bb KH3Hb NOJHOCTbIO MAHH- 
@ecta 17 oxta6pa. He Ooabme, HO u He MeHbIe. He donewe, NOTOMY 
4TO, MOAYUHBR Aaa CeOA HacTOAMyH KOHCTUTYHIN, MH OOesneIn Mh 
HOPMA@IbHBIH, NPaBHAbHA B MHPHEIA BHXOAb FIA TBOPYCCKAXD CHD 
“Haposa, H Bb paMkaxh KOHCTHTYHIN Hapors cymbers saTbms obnTECA 
Bcero OO1bMaro H AYIMATO, Kb YEMY OH TOIBEO chocobeHs. He menowe 
HOTOMY, 4TO STHM CH1aM'b HeEOOXOJHMO HYHeHD CBOOOAHHH, KOHCTH- 
TYHiOHAHH BEHXOIS, H 6e8b Hero Hapor’s SyseTh paboMb, He uMbI- 
THM OHePrid A PBIMHMOCTH JIA TOFO, YTOOH pasOHTb CBOU OROBH» *). 

Kak BYAHTb IATaTedb, Ia YT. pexeckyia MpercTaBlserca copep- 
TMeHHO ACHEIME fake Hale Oyzymee, mpocrapaiomeeca Ha «MHOrie 
BbKa». Ho, Takb xerkO UpospbBad BB Aanekoe Oynymee, r. Cpere- 
CKYiIb Ha PAY Cb STHMB He COBCBMD pasOupaeTca Bb HAcTOAMeM', 
H300pamad ero, 10 MeHBITe Mbpb, Bb Yepessyph ye YNpOMeHHOMS 
Bub. HM ota yopomlenHocts na0b6pamenia ckashiBacTCa Bb HW3.10KeHIA 
r. Tpeqeckyia Obiomlamu Bb raza UpoTaBopbuiamu. Cp ognolt cro pOHH 
mManuecTs 17 oxTa6ps «Kak pasb H COBepmUAS TO, ITO HYHO OHIO 
Hapoly», <OObABHIb BBeReHie y Hach HacTosmet espponelicko KOH- 
CTHTYHiH», Cb Apyro—oeroTrs MAaHHeCTh eMe HalO «BONIOTATS BB 
HEHSHb», TAK EARS OHS «falb Bb CYMHOCTA TOKO WpHIWYECKYH 
» BO3MORHOCTh“ HOBOH kKOACTHTyHiOHHOH Poccin u oyepegxb WocI'B Herv 
CTaia 3a TBM, ITOOH WpeBpaTHTb sTy ,,BOsMOmAyIO“ Oyzymyw Poc- 


*) ,[larpiornamb a koHcruTynia*. ,P. Muicnp*, 1908 r., M 1, crp. 665. 
Kypcus® 37bcb, KaKb H Bb WaIbHbAMAXD WUTaTaxh, DpHHAaAeXHTS CAaMOMY 


r. Ipenecryay. 


= = ee 


186 B MA KOT HH 4. 


cio BB WbicTBHTeAbHO CyMecTByHMy» *). HW pce me «BODAOTHT Bb 
HNBHb» HalO HMCHHO ManudecTS 17 oRTAGps, «He GoxbMe, HO H He 
MeHbIe». 

Aas Takoro BonAoweHig, NO MHBAiO Tr. Cpegeckyaa, cyMecTBywTs 
HBROTOPHA MpeuarcTBia, HO MpelsTcTBid 9TH Bb KOH KOHIOBS He 
ceppesHn. «I penarcrBiemt... CIYKAaTb, KAKb Telepb 9TO YRC BRACHH- 
10Cb Cb DOAHOH OVeBHAHOCTLW, TB OECIECCH 641060 H enpaco, KOTOPHE, 
MOKCETD OLITS, OHAH H HensOBKHL NPY TAakKOMD TpaHAiosHOMb HCTOPE- 
YECKOMh KPH3HCB, Kako Mpumaoch NepexuTh Pocciv, HO KOTOpHe, 
HECOMHBHHO, JOAKHH OLITh DOOBRIEHH WIA TOTO, ITOOH Bb cTpaHh 
MpogHO BOABOpHAACh HacTOamlaa kKoucTHTyHia»... lo6bxaTs oTH 9kC- 
HeccHl BaAbBO H BOPaBO HAO MOPadtbHO, ITO NosexeTh KB HX} M0i- 
HOMY YHHUTOREHIW, & STO BIOINB BOSMOMAO cAbraTH. T6110 Bh TOMS, 
YTO «Hallb HAPONb KelaeTh, CwmTaeTS ByRBOH HW CyMbeTh NOCTPOATE 
WMeCHHO KOBCTHTYUIN—He Oo1bMme, HO H HE MeHbIe» **), 

Momuo 651.10 OBI CIIPOCHTB elle, UPA NOMOMLA KAKHXS Re HMeHHO 
cpeACTBbh Hapow’b «cymbers vocrpoats» kouctatynio. I. Cpexe- 
CKYIL HO B8aTPYAHSeTCA OTBBTHTH H HS STOTh BONpOC. «KoHcTHTYMIOH- 
HHA, 10 CAaMOMY CYIMECTBY CBOCMY,—TOBOPUTh OH b—HaleXIH Hapoya 
Ha TO, YTO OH OObETCA FoOcyapcTBeHHarO mepeycmpoticmeéa Cb 
NOMOMbIO Hapomwaro MpeCTABATeABCTBAa, & HE Cb NOMOMEH peBorw- 
iH ,—HalesAw oTH OWIH BUOIHS onpasdanw nepsok Jynoit» ***). 

I]powTaBb STH CTPOKH, AeTKO Bb WepByW MHAYTY DOAyMaTS, ATO 
HallycaBMifi HXb NyOIBUUCTS Bab Bb KAkOe-TO POKOBOe HEXOpasy- 
MBHie, sacTaBHBMee ero NOAMBHUTh OHH BOMpOCh Apyrams. Bs 
CaMOMS W615, eclH MOMHO CMG JepRaTbcA PasIHYHHXb MABHIA Ha 
cYeTh TOTO, «OlnpaBlayza» HIH He OHPaBsaza DepBad Jlyma Hazem 
Haposa Bb CMHICAB BEIpakeHia ero meNanifi, TO Ha C4YeTh TOFO, YAa- 
10Cb-4H ef OCYMIECTBUTE 8TH ‘KedaHis, kasait0ch ON, HBTS whecra HE 
lia Kakoro cnopa. Bhab Bb Hamel wbhicrBHTeIbHOCTH HSTE yaRe He 
TOIbKO DepBok Jiymw, HO HETb Name HW TOTO HSOHPATeABHArO 3ak0HA, 
Ha ocHoBB KoTOparo ofa Ona coOpana. HW ofHaro npaBexennas 
(ppasa He DJ0X% Kakoro-3H60 HexopasymbHiaA co cTopoHH r. Ipeje- 
cky1a. OHS NOMHHTS ykKasaHHble akTH A TBM HE MeHE OcTaeTCs 
Ha H38OpanHOH HMB DOSHOin, Mpasapaa ef Kakb Hexbsa Oorbe onpe- 
AbICHHHA OFepPTaHia. 

«PeBOANDIOHHEIA NapTid,—TroBOpHTb Ob, NOMBOAA HTOTH CBOerO 
H810HCHIF H POPMYAMPYA SAKAIOUHTEALHHE BLIBOAH,—COBEPIIHAH CBOe 
HyHHOe KOrsa-TO Ais Pocciv AIO, H HCTOPIA OTOXBHHY1a HX Bb 
cTopoHy». HemHOraMB aAyyme H MOXOMeHIe MpOrpeccHBHHX’. april. 
«llapTid JeMOKpaTayeckia, HO He peBOAWHIOHHNA—TB CaMbI#, KOTO- 
pHa 3aEPBIHIA Bh HapOAHOMb COSHAHIH Hye HapoAHaro Upercta- 


—_— nm ee eee ee ee 


*) Tame, 71. 
**) Tame, 64, 65. 
***) Tanse. 68. 











HABPOCKH COBPEMEHSOCTH. 187 


BHTCIbCTBa WH KOTOPHA pykOBO_HIH wepBok Jlymo#, usbaTH Temepb 
SaKOHOMB 3 iMHA ABb MOARTHYCCKATO PyCia H IMMICHH BOSMORHOCTH 
“HTpaTh a@xmuexyi TWOAMTHUeCKYW podb». Ho, ecam «OTOABUHYTHI» 
PeBOIJWNioOHepH H UporpeccuHcTH, ecTh pyri cHan. «Ha ourutTuqe- 
ckoH apenb ybiicrByoTh Bb kayectsS ,,woObauterxeli« u pacnopaqu- 
TexeH PyCcCKHXb cygeOb YacTbwW 9IeMeHTH UpexHe OrpokparTi, Bb 
polH ,,1paBuTeIbCTBa~, YacTbw ,,1paBbie“ KOHCTUTYNiOHAINCTH (OKTAO- 
PHCTH H ,yMBpeHHHie“) BB potH pykOBOAuTeLef NapramentTa. Must 
rayOoko yOBRAeCHH Bb TOM’, ITO HMCHHO HA HUXD UH OKAKETS CBOE 
HEOTPa3sHMO® JaBleHie ,KOHCTHTYMIONHOe* COsHaHie Haposa, ero 8akOH- 
Hoe crpemMsenie DepeitH HAakOHeOMb OTE GesnAoAHaro MemOycooiA Kb 
corsacHol u ybaTexbHoH KouCcTHTyHIOHHOMH maseH, ero HeTepubuie 
SAHATh BHOBb Cpe HapOsOKb TO HCTOPHYECKOe MBCTO, RakOe IUpH- 
HawlexHTb eMy BB Mipb no upaBy... Ho nlaTploTa ype Kili“ OATS H 
HHHBIOHATO MpaBUTeAbCTBAa, H HHABMBATO laplaMeHTa—He Uporu- 
BHTLCAH 98THM KOHCTHTYDIOHHLIMb CTpeMJCHiSMB Haposja, NOTH uMb 
HaBCTPBIY H COxpamumb, HACKOABKO' BOSMOKHO, STOTb Wepexoguntit 
nepioab, TOAbKO HallpacHoO sayepmuBanimit ucTopayeckie ycubxu Ha- 
poya, KOTOphle eMy HeOOXOAHMH, H Kb KOTOPHIMS OH’ TOTUACE e- 
peliyeTh, Kak TOIbKO CMY AalyTb KB HAMS CROOOABYH Aopory».. *). 

Uraks, Bcb «oKCOeCCCH»> JOSAH OHITS OO bKeHH—noOObRIeAH MO- 
PaIbHO H TBMB C&MHMB YHHITORCHH, NoO_epkaBaeTE I. I'pege- 
CKYIb,—H TOra WpaBuTesecTBo Tr. CTOAHMHBa BB COW38b Cb OKTAOPH- 
CTaMH H <¢yMBpPeHHHIMH», TOOyK.aeM0e «KOHCTHTYNIOHHHIMB CO3Ha- 
HieMb Hapowa», pH Domonu TpeTbe JymMil BONIOTHTS Bb RASH 
MaHadecrs 17 okTSOpa H OCyDIeCcTBUTS BBeseHie yY Hach «HacToamedt 
ROHCTHTyHin». Hayienunt rOopbKAMb OULITOMDB, Yr. Tpexeckyat BelHn- 
KOAYIMIHO OTCTPaHAeTS OTS sTOro Whia Jame cOOcTBEHAYW K.-X. NapTio. Bh 
CYMIHOCTH MBI BHOBb BOSBpallaeMca BB CxeMB Ir. Crpyse, Npaaapuieli 
TOABEO NOD wepomb r. [peyeckya emfe Gombe pb3kia A OTEPOBeHHEIHA 
oveptaHia. HW, qymaetcs Mab, He CMOTPA Ha BHpPamaemoe r. [pege- 
CKYIOMb Relanie CUMTaTBCA ONTHMACTOMS, A AMbAD WOIKCe OCHOBaHie 
3ayuHCAHTh eFO Bb PADBI MPawHHXb ucatereh. Bu cakomb BIB, 
TpyAHO NpesctaBuTs ceOb iTO-HHOyAb, HacTpauBaiomee Gombe Neccu- 
MHCTHYCCKH, UBM ONTHMHSMb, UPOABIAOMifica Bb OmNAAHIH «Ha- 
cTosijeH KOHCTHTYHIH® OTb MHHHCTepCTBa Yr. CToInnHHa HW OKTSOpH- 
CTOBh TpeTbeH jlymu. MyzpeHo, kasaz0cb OH, CMOTPa H& RUSHB H 
cTapaach OObACHHTS ee, cocTaBuTh ceOB cxemy, Oorbe ynpomeHHyo 
H MeHbe OXBAaTHBaWIyi0 WBUCTBUTCIBHEIA ABIEHIA. 

Kro we xXO¥eTb BHABTS, TOTS, KOHEGHO, OcsHagemHO cabot: Ho 
jlaa ThXb, KTO He CTpasaeTh AOOpoBoIbHOH cXbNOTOW, PO80BHIA OKH- 
ania k.-J. DYOIHOUCTOBD ocTalTca OesrbapHok Hw HaBOZsMeH 1AMb 
YHHHie MaHHIOBINUHOH, Takb Kakb AbHCTBATeCIbHAaR w3Hb MeA‘BE 
BCero YKAAALIBACTCA Bb PAaMEH IpesM'bPHO MPOCTHXS CXeMb, COBLaBa- 





_—— 


*) Tame, 73. 


188 B MA KOTH EA bb. 


CMEIXR BooOpameniemb oTAXb nyOaxHnAcTOBb. Sf we Gyxzy rose- 
PHTb HH O TpeTLef Ayah, zo1meHCTByDOMeH, 00 cxemb r. I'pexeckyiza, 
OuiTh o3saGouenHOH BRexeHieM_ y Hach «HacTOAmeH KOHCTHTYWIH», 3 
Ha AbIB Bb ANB CBOHXS THIHYHHXS OpescrapaTexell wAymeH 2asb- 
ie MINHMCTCpCTBAa BHYTPeCHHAXDd ABIB Bb 3a00TK 0 <IPHEOCHOBCHHO- 
CTH AXHUHOCTH», HH O BHCOKOMb MOKPOBHTCIBCTBS, OkaASHBaeMOMS 
«COW3Y PYCCEarO Hapoda» TBMH OpaBaADuMH ciepaMHa, KOTOpHIa, 0 
saBbpeniw r. Crpype, «01H NOHATD», ITO AAA COBIaHia BeXHEOH 
Poccin «HymenD cBodognHf, TBOpyecKif NoxBHTS BCero Hapogza>. He 
cTaHy d TOBOpITS H O 6e3kOHeYWHOME psIb cyleOHHXb MponeccoBt, 
HAaUpaBIeHHLXb Kb «AHEBRAANIM» PeBONOMIOHHArO Depioga. A Bosbmy 
NADI HBCKOIDKO MCIKHXE MakTOBb, TBM H HHTEPCCHHIX, ITO OHH 
MeIEH H OTpamawTs BB ceOS HanGorbe OONAeCHHHA SABACHIA MHIHH 
CcOBpeMeHHaro QOnBaTeI4. 

Bs cexb Boxanoms, Adekcauypiticraro yb3qa, XepconcKod ryGepHin, — 
cOOoOMaIH HeAaBHO faseTH,—OWIb apecTOBand H ocx’ TpexmbcaiHaro 
3aKIWYCHIA BL TIOPLM'S BLICIAHS Ha Ba Osa Bb Bosorogckyw ry6epHiw 
cTyzeaTb Mockopenko. [pecrynienia, 3a KOTOPHIA OND DoOABeprca sTok 
Kap, 8aKAWIaAHCh Bb TOMS, ITO OH COBBTOBAIS EPCCThAHAM He 00 
CTYDaTb Bb CTPAaKHAKA H YTO, UpibxaBh, Ha KAHHEYIN E’b POAHLIMS BB Ae- 
peBBW, OHD He NOCbuarb CceAbCKYW DepkoBb *). HayaancTBo Bb Xepcox- 
ckofi ryGepHid Okasaz0cb GOrOMOABAHIM'S, H CTyAeHTE MockopeHko MOFb 
YOBAUTECA Bb 9TOMD, CHA BS TIOPHMB H WyTemecTByA BS BoxAOroyckyw 
ry6epHiw. He Bb MeHbmIeH Mbpb, IBMb ED DepeBH, OT ObnIBAaTeIA 
Tpe6yerca nourenie u Kb BlacTu. Tepckifi rexepars-ry6epHatops Ko- 
HOOaKBHE, PasCkasHBatO He TAaKRB AaBHO «ll aTuropcKoe Jx0», «i0- 
‘chTuIb TOposcKy! yupany, rab Rb HasHaeHHOMY BpeMeHH BL sax’ 
NYMCKHXH sacbaanifi Onlau coOpaHH TkacHHe, Bb YCIB oKOIO 18 
WeLOBBED, BO T1aBh Cb TOpOACKHMSB roxoBok. Syrbch reHepaxrs-ry6ep- 
HaTOpb, BHCKa3aBb CcBoe Kpalinee HeyJOBONBCTBie 10 MOBO,Y Bcel 
KBATCIbHOCTH YOPOACKOrO HacedeHia, KOTOpOe He Halll0 HYSHEIM'S 
OkasaTb eMY CBOErO NOVTeHiA CHATiCMS Manogb UpH upobssb ero cb 
KOHBOCMS 10 ropoxy, UpxOaBAAb, ITO BL caysab xamybime wha- 
TEIbHOCTH TOPOACKOFO CaMOyNpaBAeHiA Bb oTOMD Xe AyXh ON OyTeTS 
BHHYRICHB B3ATL OpasiH UpaBseHia TOPOAOMS Bb CBOH pyku» *). Ecay 
BB IatTuropce’ orb Toposckoro camoyapanseHia tpe6yerca, wro6n 
OHO O6yyano OOHBaTese CHHMATL WaUKH Tepes HAYaIBCTBOM', NOX 
CTpaxOMb, 4TO MOcIBAHeEe «BOSbMeTS OpasAbl UpaBseHif# Bb CBOH 
pyku», TO Bb AaATB aJMMHACTPaTHBHAA BAACTh JaBAO YRC ACPAHTE 
Bb pykaxb «Opa3qh Upabieniad» H He MpOXOMMTb, RameTcs, Hexrbag, 
Breyebie KOTOpOH razeTH He CcOoOOmIaAH OH O HOBHIXS Mbpaxh, Uper- 
IIPHHATHXS AITHHCKHMD NOBeAMTeReMb, Teo. /lynOagqse, 21a WOAAEep- 
KAHIA ABTOpATeTa BaacTH. Bs nocabanee Bpema ren. JymOagse, Memiy 

-) Pub”, 9 mesppana 1908 r. 

**) IJurapyw no ,Mies. Bbctrams*, 18 ans. 1908 r. 


HABPOCKH COBPEMEHHOCTH. 189 


HPOUuMD, BHICAAID H3b AaTH cenatropa I[lecenkaro, oTKasapmaroca 
BEINHCATh Id HAaXOLMBINCHcaA BS eTO SABLANBAHIA Yano BMbCTO «Pyc- 
ckaro CloBa» wepHOCOTeHHYN Lrasety «HadatTh» 4 OCMBbINBMArOcH Lame 
YCYMHHTbCA Bb UpaBh ren. JymOanse oOs3bipatTb WHHHA BHMACHIBATS 
YKa3HIBaeMbIA MB raseTH *). Bh roh xe Aarb Blagbreysb anteks, 
Hposusoph Jleba, 8a BHICTaBIeHie Ha WeGaTAHXb APINKAXt JAA OT- 
TYCKACMHIXD H3b allTeKH AeCKAPCTBh CBOHXD HHAMIAIOB BMepesN To- 
CyRapcTBeHHaro Yep6a, OnIb He_aBAO TIpPHCYRACHb TAABHO-HAVAIb- 
CTBYOMUMDB ybsia Kb MTpady BB 1000 py6.,. a upH HecocToATeIb- 
HOCTH —KB TpexmMBcayHOMy apecty **), — 

Bs BocemHagngaToMb BBE, M0 Mpexanin, ONBaNM cayyaH, ROrga 
OOH BaTereH, Bb Ne4YRH KOTOPHIXS cayyaHo NelalalH KApUA4H, OTMS- 
YeHAHE TOCyAapcTeeHHhIMD repOoMd, -cyfHIH 32 OCKOpOxeHie BeIaA4Ge- 
CTBa, BHIPasHBMeecA Bb «Henin TOCyJapcTBeHHarO Opa». Ba Hamme 
BpeMH Ha OOHBaTezeH HalaraiwTs Kap 38 NomBuleHie CBOUXb HHH- 
IatOBh Bhepequ rocylapcTBeHHaro repba. Texeparh-ry6epHaropi Ha- 
yana XX BBKa BO BCHROMS cayyab Headeko YIMIH OTb CBOHXS aHek- 
WOTHYECKUXS NpelmMectBesHukoBb XVII] crorbria, eoxH TOIbKO He 
onepeswin T0c1BAHHXd, Bb AbYB Oxpanesia Opectaxa Buacta. Ha- 
PAY Cb STHMb AXMHHACTPATOpH! Halle o0XH MPOABIAWTh caMoe 
HeABYCMECIOHHOe OTHOIMeHIG Kb UpaBaMb Haxolamaroca BB pasond 
uX'b WbicTBit HacezeHia, He HUKIIOWad ake WpaBa NOcIBAHATO Ha 
#H3Hb. Ba Ceractouorb almupars BupenS m‘bcalb TOMY Ha3salb BB 
BHAY YWaCTABOIMXca NOkyWMeHii Bb HOUHOe BPeMA HA YACOBLIXD IpH 
GarapesXb KpBIOCTH H CKIALOBb MOATBEPAUID NPHKash, COTIACHO KO- 
TOPpOMY YacoBHe OTB 6 4. Beepa JO 6 4. YTpa JOIRAN cTphaaTh Bb 
ITOCTOPOHHNXD AHMNB 6e3b NpexyopemAeHiA H OKAHKA «KTO HIeThY, a 
Kapayib AOMKeHb Mpecabsopats yObrawmuxt 3ainamu ***), Bs pe- 
SYAbTAaTh oTorO MpHEasa, Kakb coodmMawTh raseTH, OnAO yRe HB- 
CKOABKO cayyaeBL yOilicrsa wacOBHIMH HH Bb ICM HEMOBHHEHX Mpo- 
XORHXb, HO NpHRash MposoaKaeTs AbicTsopaTb. He menbe BOUH- 
CTBEHHOG HacTpoeHie NpOABISTD MH Apyrie MBCTHHe alMHHACTpPaTOpHi. 
«Topoxosnie u crpaxanku onecckoh ropoyckol a yb3quo# norzunin!— 
ITMC@NIb HE TAKb AaBHO oOfeccKi TeHeparb-ryOepHaToph ‘ToimaueBs 
Bb OFHOMb H3b CBOHXb UpPHKas0Bh 0 MBCTHOH nosanin.—Caym6a 
woAuekickad Bb HaCTOAMee BPOMA Takb Re TaKeIa H OWacHa, Kak 
H Ha BOnb, HO HM TAK Re NOWeTHA, KAR BoeHHOeG AbAO. BH I0- 
CTaBJeHhl IA salluTHl MApHarO HacexeHia OT SION'bHCKHXS ‘ Halaje- 
wilt. ToabkO MyReCTBEHBHIMB HCHOIHEHIeEME CBOeTO JOATa H OOR8aH- 
woctTel MOmeTe BH cosbicTBOBaTh BA'BIIHeMY, YAHIHOMY TOpaagy 
A'BAO STO BE AOIKAH WbiaTb Tak Ke, Kak HW Ha Bows. f1 Tpebyw: 
1) uT06H opyxie 6H10 Bcerga HaroToBb, T.-e. Ha GoeBOMD BaBOIs, 





enn ee ee 


*) ,Pbub*, 30 ans. 1908 r. 
**) Croa. Iloura‘, 9 depp. 1908 r. 
*o%) Pbab%, 22 aus. 1908 r. 





‘ 


190 B. MaAKOT H HS. 


2) HE Harb, UOkA HayHYTb CTphAATh BL BaCh HIM Bb maTezel, a 
Kak TOAbBKO Bb PyKaXt sa0gba sambueno opyxie, To 6espasxH4HO, 
OyeTh JH OHO HAlpaBAeHO HA TOPOAOBOFO HIM HA MHPHHXS waters, 
SLONbH nOImeHh OHITE yOuTb. Iperlyopemyaw, iTO Oyaxy crporo &a- 
paTb TBXb, Y KOTO H3b PyKb YHXeTh KHBNMS OpecryoHAKb. Bet 
JOIKHL 3HaTb, ITO KUSH KaKAaro uoAnDelickaro JOMRHA OHTE 40- 
pora oreyectsy. Jaa joctuxenia ymbaok a yBbpesuo cTpBabOn, Bt 
ycrpaneHie cayyaeLxt nopanesifi HeNOBAHHEIXD MHPHNXb rpamsZau 
Bb C1YIaAXS UpecibsoBabid BxoKbeBs, Tpe6yw OOs8aTeAbHaro 3aHZ- 
TIA Bb CBOOOAHCC OTb HapsAOBd BPeMA NPHIBAKOW H UPHEAAAEOW> *). 

«SauluTa MBpHarO HacedeHia»>, YUOMHHAeMad Bb Upakash rese- 
para Toimayeba, KOHeYHO, He Goabe, Kakb HensObmani oBdemEsw. 
Kakb opranvsopaka oxecckoH aXMHHMCTpaliel salluTa MApHaro Hace- 
Jesis,—u3BbcTHO Bcei wnTalomel Pocciu. Ho, kakb 6H 10 HH OHLEO, 
kL Ojeccb, cakb H BD CeBacTonorb, MBCTHAaA Aa{MHHHCTpania, 10 
cOOCTBeEHHOMY ed CO3HaHIN, 4YBCTBYeTE CeOa Ha NOAOKeHin BOMDMe! 
CTOPOHH H MO3TOMY CUHTaeTh ceOa BUpPaBh ycTaHaBABBaTb CMEPTHYD 
Ka3Hb Jud OOnIBaTexeH, Nepeyabad ef UpHMBbHeHIG BL pyEH OTXbIB- 
HHXDb YacOBHXb BH orIuefickuxt. Bb cyMHOCTH TO Re caMoe po 
HCXOMMTB H BO BCBXb MOUTH OCTAXbHHIXt YryOepHiaxh H O6%acTaYrs 
Pocciu. A Bb Bagxy eTOTO akTa He MPHXOAMTCa, ROHEGHO, MBO’ 
TOBOPHTh O APYTHXb HPopwaxt UposABeHid BAACTH H APYTuUX’b Kapars, 
1a2abWUluUxt Ha OOnBaresefi. He UpHXOAHTCH H YAUBAATECA WH POKONY 
pasMaxy 98THXb Kapb, 8aXBaTHBaWMaxb MacCcy AHN'b NOMHMO TEY%, 
Ha KOTOPHXDS OHS HeOCpeACTBEHHO HaupaBiswtca. Be Kon upo- 
ulgaro roxa Bb «BaTckomb Bbcroukb» OWNXb HalewaTanb AM6O0NHT- 
Hoi DHPKYIAPh BATCKAarO ryOepHaTopa, OOpanleHHNH EB MBCTHOH wO- 
aumiv. «Hatarag Haka3anid Ha JKITb, HAPYOIHBIUHXS H8{aHHbid MHOW 
O6A8aTeIbHHA NOCTAHOBACHIA,—ITOBOPHAOCh Bb TOME WRPKYASpb,—s 
Oud BoOIHS yBbpeHt, ITO MpescTapaseMbe MHB ybSIHWMH HCUpaB- 
HUKAaMH DpPOTOKOAH O DOMSHYTNX® BHM HapyMeHiaxh, AOCTAaBICHHEC 
HOABBAOMCTBCHHHIMH HM WHHAMH NOAM, BCersa cOxepRaTs BE cedd — 
(PakTH, He WoyTeRamlie HHKAKOMY COMH'SHIN BL CMHCaB CUpapexiz- | 
BOCTH, HO, EB COmAIBHIW, BL 9TOMB UPHXOAHTCH PasOVapOBHIBaTecg, 
TaKkb KaKb, XOTA H HE OYHb WacTO, HO ONBAWTh CAYWaH, ITO ITA 
COBepMeHHO HeEBHHHHLA Bb HapyWMeHix TOTO HAH HHOFO HOCTaHOBIeHIs | 
HM Bb JaHHbiii MOMCHTB BOBCe He IpHCyTCTBOBaBMia Ha MBcTS upe- 
CTYIJeHiA, BHOCATCA Bb DPOTOKOAS Bb WCAB BAHOBHHX. Il poroxosm 
eTH HCIPaBHBKaMH, BHJHMO, He UpOBbpAWTCH H Bb TaKOMS BHXt 
IpeAcTaBlawTcd MHS id HaloxeHid Ha BHHOBAHXD Hakasaniz. Camo 
co6ol pasymbeTca, 4TO Tasig Xua HapaBA Cb UPOWMH BHHOBHEIEE 
NOABepraitcad MHOK AJMHHACTPaTHBHOMY BSHICKaHiW, HHOra oem: 
CTPOTOMY, COBEpWeHHO He8acAyKeHHOMy» **). 


re ee =< —a 


*) , Kiepcxia Bbcta“, 14 sHBapa 1908 r. 
**) «<Pbab», 1 supapa 1908 r. 








HABPOCKH COBPEMEHHOCTS, 191 


Abcb py6aTb,—mengu seraTs... Burceifi ry6epHaTopt, BOWA cb 
HaceleHiemb, HayO AyMaTb, BIOAH'B HCKPEHHO Ketalb On OTADANTS 
HeATPaIbHHXb IHD OTh MPOTHBHAROBS UH w8OaBATb NepBHXb OTb 
YlapoBb, IpeAHasHayeBHHXb JAA NOCAMBAHHXS, HO eMY, 8AHATOMY BoOil- 
HOH, KOHCYHO, HeKOra 38aHHMAaTbCaA elle HH pa3scMOTpbHieMb 9THXb 
BOUpPOCOB. OTO AAO DOpywaeTcH HMCOPAaBHAEAMS, HO H OHH TakKe 
saHaTH BOHHOH. l'opoxoBHle, yPAXHHEH, CTpakHMEH Bb CBOW O4epesb 
BOWWTS Cb HaceleHieMb H YBICICHH pashickaHiemb u OJOIbHieMD 
DpoTHBHHKA. Be pesyabTarb Kap, OOpymuBaeMHA Ha MOCIbARALO, 
IPHHHMAWTD Tako mupoKiff pasMaxb, YTO B8aN'bBAaWTh OHHAKOBO H 
HITS, YIACTBYWMUXS Bh Oopp6b, H AMM, CTOAMHXD Bb CTOPOH'S OTB 
Hea. HM, KOrsa STOTS MakTb OkaSHBaeTCA YCTAHOBICHHHMD Bb lasaxd 
caMOH A@IMHHHCTpamiv, OHa CHOW BeMeH BLIHYReHA OTHECTHCh KB 
HOMY, RAK Eb ocaztHoH, HO Bb KOHN KOHDOBh HepakAoh mospoo- 
HocTH. Bb caMOME ABA's, HE OTKABHIBATBCA xe eH OT BOHHE TOIbKO 
NOTOMY, 4TO Bb WOcabsAHeH cTpazawTs oTs en AbicTBili HeiTpaIbHnA 
auua. Ha Bofipb xwyH HHTepecylwTcad He CTOIBEO YCTaHOBIeHieMD 
MIPaBHAbHHIXb OTHOMeHIf Eb HelTparbHoH cToponS u, ThMD Ooxbe, 
Kb IPOTHBHHEY, CKOIBKO pasBbloiwo0l yactbho—coOupaniems cBbybuili 
oO xbicTsiaxt sBpara. Bb ory cropoHy riaBHHIMb oOpa3somb H Hallpa- 
BueHO BHAMAHie AXMAHHCTpanil H Rb STOMY AbAY OHA CrapaeTca UpH- 
BiC%b, KAKS MOMHO OOAbIWE CHI, HC OCTAHABINBAACH, Kak’ BOJATCA Ha 
Bons, nepexb mbpaMa nonyRpeniag. Bb OAHOMD H8b CBOHXS HOAABHAXS 
IIpHkasoBs 10 1oAByig, oecckitt rexeparb-ry6epHaTops OTAaIb pacnops- 
zmeHie «065 oTOOpaniH OTE BIATbAbICBL BITeRD H allTeKAPCKAXS Ma- 
TFasvHOBb NOAUHCORS, OOASHIBAIOMUXS HXb HEMCAICHHO COLUOMIaTh Bb 
KaAbleispiw BpeMeHHAarO OeccKkaro reHepalb-TyOepHaTopa O C1YWaAXh 
OKasaHid MOJHOAHHCKOH NDOMONIM 1a0aM'b, NOJYIWBINHMD TpaBMaTHqe- 
CKif DOBpexfeHia, Do_po6Ho obosHayaa BB CBBASHIAXD BBaHie, UMS, 
OTuecTBO H (damMuZiN OCTpagaBmaro, kakis, rb, OTb KOTO ¥ pH 
KakkXxb OOCTOATCALCTBAXDS ObIIH DOAVYCHH! HMB DOBpemJenis, a Takxe 
@mpecb Noctpayabmaro, oOpaTuBb ocobo0e BHAMAaHie Ha MpaBHIbHOCTS 
COCTAaBICHHHNXD cBBYbHia» **). Torb Ke reHepalb-ryOepHaTopd H31ar'b 
oco60e obasaTerbHoe NOCTaHOBAeHie «Bb BUAY He Mpexpallawmuxca rpa- 
Gexell 4 HaleToBh». «JoMOBIANBIBOL H X08HeBA—TOBOPHTCA Bb STOM'D 
IWOCTaHOBIeHIH—O06a8aHH Habawlatb, MepBhe 8a CBOHMH KBapTApo- 
KoOsseBaMH, & oTH ocrbyjgie 8& HABYMIMMH Y HUX'D JHDAMH, 1a6nl 
, CPpeA4 HHXD HO CEPHIBAAHCL rpa6uTelH, HadeTunkH uH OomOomeTaTedH, 
oco6enHo ca'bquts, wTo6H He OuIIO0 cKAagoBb Gomés un opymia. Kam- 
mbit autem r. Onecch 0688aHb, Bb ObIaxb ycokeenia roposa, co- 
OOUIaTh MHB Hin OXpaHHoMy oTrbaeHil0 o Bchxb usB‘CTHHIX eNy 
KB&@pTHPaxt HadeTIHKOBS, rpaduTere, OomOomMeTatere H T. 0. IAB. 
Y Kasasilumt BbpHbia cBbrbuia a Oysy BHaBaTh ACHERHNA Harpagy, 


a ne ee ee ee 





*) »Pbab», 22 auBapa 1908 r. 








— ee ee ee ee ee eee Sees Se — 
- ewes 


ee OS a a eee = - 


192 B. MA ROTHESE Bb. 


copasmbpsa nocxbagig cO cTeleHb BaHOCTA COOOMeHHEIXE 4al- 
HHX> *), 

Taxus o6pasowsb, oyeccrifi reneparb-ryG6epHaTops, CcosHaBas cebs 
BoWwMMes croponol, pbuniwx, oOpaTuT, Bcbxt KuTereH Oxecch BE CBoeTO 
pola Aa3yTIHROBL HAH, Wpomle ToBOps, Bb areHTOBh OXpanHaro oTIt- 
renis. AHAIOTHIBHA MBPH, XOTS He CTOAb YRS PBIUBTEADHHA HW HE CTO 
BCCOObeMAWMA, IPHHATH H Bb APyrHxs MbcTaxs. I] Hexb3a cKazavs, 
"TOO YCHIis, HAUpAaBACHHHA BL STY CTOPOHY, OCTABaXHCh cCOBepmeHHo 
6esna0jnHMA. MbcTamu, 00 Kpaitsel wbpb, OHH Aain cOooTRBICTByD- 
mifi pesyIbTaTb, H SHeprid AJMHHECTpaliH Bb STHXb Ciywasxs Ciu- 
BaeTcd Cb okeprief Tro yactH obmlecTBa, HHTepecH! KOTOPOH obcay- 
HABAWTh <«HHABIAeS NPABHTeABCTSO H HARUHI DapraMeHTh», f0- 
BOPa WHOHHMH TepMaHaMA ©. I'pexeckyia. Takb, BanpHMbpt, exKare- 
pHAOCAaBCKIe H HOATaBCKie 3eMIIL, KARb H3BECTHO, PSOKIH IPHHATS 
sHeprHynoe yuacTie Bb JbXB OpraHHsamid MOAMTHYeCKArO CHICKA- 
Ilpapyza, Bb MOATABCKOMS SeMCTBS, 10 raseTHHMS CBBABHIAMS, Ha 9T0R 
HOYBB OpoHsomiA0 HBEOTOpOe Hegopasymbuie. Semckoe coOpanie eme 
MHHYyBIIeH BecHOH co6paz0ch SOopoTbca cb NOKapaMu DyTreMs opraus- 
3alif# AOHOCOBh Ha HoAKuTateteli w cb sTOK mbxAbW DOCTAHOBHIO 10- 
OM[pATh JOHOCIHEOBSh ACHCKHHIMA Harpayamu AO 300 p. Ho Ha oces- 
HeM® cOOpaniah BOSHAKDS BONPOCh, KOMY HM@HHO H K&Kb BHAABATD Ta- 
kid Harpagn. CoOpanie gouro pasO6upaxoch BB TOM, KOTO C4HTAaTS 
HCTHHHHIMDS OOAHYATCICME VOLKOTA—IAWGOTO AH CBHAbTeAd, yaAwuaD- 
Maro MOAKOh Ha cyAB, BAW TOABKO T1aBHaTO BAHOBHERA OO6i1nYeHIs 
NOARHTaTeAd, WH KOTAA HANO BLAABaTh AOHOCIHEY Harpasxy— AO cya 
HIH HOcKB cya, HO Takb H pasomlz0ch, He ycubsb paspbuHTS STHXS 
HOJOYMBHHHXS BOUpOCOBS *). Hayo wOsarars, ONHAEO, ITO Bb HEXale- 
KROME O6yzymemt on Oynyrb Oxaronoayyao paspbmesn. BaxHo yae 
TO, 4TO Takie BONPOCH CTaBATCA, ITO OlpexbAeHHAA acTh oOOmecTBAa 
COBEPIIGHHO OTEPHTO H OHes3sacTBHIHBO UpWiaraeTh CBOH yCHXiA Eb 
YCOBEPNICHCTBOBAHIW OpraHkHsali CHCKHOTO Axa. 

Bb 98TOMb OTHOMeHIH 3a Tocrbawee BpeMA AOCTHTHYTH OoxAbMie 
yCOBXH H MHOria crbcHeHia oTOpomeHH Bb cropoHy. HexaBHo raseTH 
cuo6maiH oO Takoro poya cayyab, pashirpapmemcs Bb SHpocazasxb. 
Kakb-TO Bb MBCTHOMb TeaTpb BO BpeMA ONepHaro ClesTakAa ObLYS 
HCNOIHEHS Yama. locrB TOTO EB AMPeKTOPY KaseTckaro kopmyca 
r. Bopyeab -bouh-Bopyesiycy, Tazkme Owememy Bb TeaTph, noxomess 
MOZON0H KaXeTHED H AOAOMHAS, ITO BO BPeCMA THMHA OBES FHMHa- 
SHCTb Bb cepequHs sata He BCTAaIb cb MBCTa. JapeRTOph, OTe TeCKs 
noorarofapHBS kaxeTa, celivach Re cooOmmAD 06% oTOME NOMOMBHKY 
nosumifimeficrepa, KoTOpHH Bb CBOW OVepesb PachopsAAwACH OTUPABHTb 
THMHaSHCTa Bb yIacTORb. «Boocrbyctsia—mnpababiaza TaseTa, pas- 
ckasaBHlaa 06% eTOMS cAyqab,—Okasaloch, ITO THMHa3HCTb CMOTPBIb 


*) «Phaib», 16 deppana 1908 r. 
**) PBB‘, 29 nexabpa 1907. 


@ 
/ HABPOCKH COBPEMEHBOCTH. 198 


onepy Bb HepBHH pash Bb MUBHH MH, KAR JepeBenCckifh AATeIb, 10- 
HaTi€A O He He uMBbIL> *). Takum OOpasoMb HA STOTH Pash CHICKS 
He BOOIBS AOCTHTS cBOeh nbn A MSAOBICHHHMb OKasadca He Ha- 
cTosmifi KpaMOIbRukKD. BHTh MORETS, Tako pesyabTAaTh axe Hb- 
CKOABKO CMYTHIb APOCAABCKYM WoARDIW H AMPeKTOpPA KaleTcKaro KOp- 
myca. Ho, KOHEYHO, CMYTHTb HXDb MOF TOABKO CaMbl pesyIbTaTs, Aa 
H TO, HafO AyMaTb, He OcO6eHHO cHAbHO. Jbch pyOaTb, WeNKA IJe- 
THTb—CKaReTb, BbpoaTHO, r. Bopxeab-oHt-boprediych, Bb cOBHaHni# 
TOrO, TO OAD WAWCTS BB BICMHeH cTreneHH NOIesHOe J'b10, NPHBAMAS 
yuactie BB «<py6xb abca» DyTeMD Npiyyenia BBBpewHaro ero None HiaM 
FOHOWECTBA Kb SaHATIAMS 10 cChICKHOH uacTn. MW, koHeaHO, HE OMHD 
r. Bopazeab-unt-Bopgzexiycs whxaeTh Takoe Ab. 

[. Fpeazeckyrp «ray6uxo y6bxienb» Bb TOM, ITO Ha «HHH'BOHEe 
MPaBuTeA’bCTBO H HABA NaplaMeHTbh» «OKAMeTh CBO HEOTPasH- 
MOO JaBieHie KOHCTHTyHioHAOe co3sHaHie Hapoza». CB cBoelt CTOpOHH 
OBD CYHTACTS JHIUb HYRANMb YOBRAATL «H HHABOHeES NpaBUTeAbCTEO, 
H HHABUHIA DaplaMeHTb», ITO «Hx NatpioTayeckift Aoarh»—He Mpo- 
TMBHTbCA KOHCTHTYDIOBHEIMB CTpeMICHISMB Haponwa, DOTA HMb Ha- 
BCTPb4ay HW COKpaTHTbh Nepexozanf nepioah. Toabko 4TO NpHBeAeHHETe 
(PaktH, C4aMH D0 ce6b meakie H OOPHCOBHIBAaWMie IHMIb HHITOREBEA 
Yro10Rb pycckoll whiictrsuTerbHOCTH, BCE Ke NOSBOAAWTH CYAATS 0 
TOMB, BACKOAbKO coBbTH r. Cpexzeckyaa HanpaBieHH NO HaktemanleMy 
@Apecy. Pyccxift o6niBaTcib Bb HacTOAMec BPCMA MHBETS Bb ATMO- 
ciepb Heorpanwyensaro MpoHsBOla M BCHAY NpowwRawMaro CHCA. 
«Upapamie kpyrH AOJHH NOHATB, YTO, UCHH H3b BEJHKAXD NOTPA- 
ceHii JOsmna Bhilita BernkaA Poccia, TO Aa STOTO HYReHD CBOOOs- 
Hil, TROpseckit Do_ABurb Bcero Hapoda>»,—yBbpsers vr. Crpyse. Onn 
NOHAIH Apyroe,—4to HapolAoe ABUKeHIe TPO3HTb AX 6xaronory4iw,— 
H H& DOPHBH Haposa orsbruan 6esnomagHok Botsok, ne ocTaHaBaa- 
Bad0b HH epeib KakHMH KapaMB, He CYBCHAHCh HHKAKAMA STH4GE- 
CKHMH cooOpamxeniamn. VW coorsbrcTsenhoO 8TOMY BCA KASH CTPAaHH 
WepeABHraeTca BR HanpaBsenih, MpAMO MPOTHBONOAOMHOMB TOMY, 
ABURYMelca Bb KOTOPOMS eo XoTbAH Ob BAASTD saKpHiBatomie rasa 
Ha AbAciputerpAocta uy6anmuctTH. OOseTawWTh HAMS, BHACHACTCH 
ACTHHHOC NHoroRmenie BemchH. MW stoTb mpolecch BHACHeHi# HCTHAHATO 
HOOKeHIA BL CBOW OFEpeTb NOAKECHB GyAeTh AaTb ONpeABIeHHHE pe- 
3YabTAaTH. 

Htbckoapno Hexbab TOMY Ha3zanb NeTepOyprcris raserbl AOBOIbHO 
MHOTO DHCadH O NPONcMeAMeMb KAKS-TO HEORALAHHO JAA HUXd Parr 
«OOReqHHCHIA ONNOZHTH» BL crbaaxt Jymp. Mexazy mpoqaMt, «PbIb» 
SambTuda, 4TO MuBKCTepcKad «Poccia> pagyeTca 9TOMY «OObeAHHE- 
Bil», H Cb cBoe cTOPOHH aocnbmusa pascbaTb MOBO Aa TaKok 
pajoctn. «Jla,—nucaga kK. J. ra3zeTa,—,ONN03sHnia obbequHAeTCA“, 
oObelubseTcCH ThMb MpeRHAMB HacTpoeHiems, KOTOpOe cossaeTcs 





*) Ilurapyw no ,Kiescr. Bbctamp“, 24 ans. 1908. 
Pespaap. Orxthan Il. 13 


194 ° B. MA ROTH BS. 


cosHabiems oGmel onacHOCcTH JAH BCBXD OJHHAKOBO AOpOroTo Absa. 
Ja, BOSCTAHOBASOTCA AO-OKTAOPLCKOe HacTpoeHie, CO BCBMH yCROBLaMH 
ero MOPAaMbHOH CHIN, eFO CAHHCTBAa, ero, pacipocrpanesHocTa. Ho 
BbAb STHMS BOSCTAHOBACHICME CAHHCTBA2 BODPOCE BOSBpaMaerca Ha 
Hawy IOUBY, Ha Nowy GophOn oOmecTBeHHaro mxmHSA 3a OCHOBHHIO 
SIOMOHTHI KOHCTATYMIOHHO - AeMOKpPaTHYecKaro cTpog. Muaxucrepcxift 
opuniosh yObRACHD, ITO ,,OObeAUHeHIe ONN03HTiN“ TOXLKO H MORETh 
COBEPWATbCS ABHRCHIeEME ClipaBa BABBO, H H& STOMb OCHOBWBAeTS 
CBOK HeyMbpeHBlid AHKOBaHix#. Hanpacuo. O6tequnenie MomeTS OITA 
H pesyIbTaTOMB ABHxKeHIA cxbBa HaNpand... Korga ,onmossnia o6bexn- 
HACTCH“, OHA, ECTECTBCHHO, OOBCAHHACTCA Ha MHHEMAIBHOH nporpamMs 
Han6ozbe yMbpenso usb napTi, BXO.amexXb Bb ef cocTaBD. H, 
MOKOTh OHITh, ABKOBAHIAMD O*ENI0Ia CYAIEHO BAMBEHTSCA DOTANbD. 
Oro, eCAd BAPYTb HACTAHCT TakOe LpPeMA, KOTAS «PeBOAWMIOHHOCTH> 
CONMiarb-eCMOEPATOB OKAKeTCH TaRb KE TPYAHO AOKA3biBaTb, KAKB 
TOHeph PeBOIIONIOHHOCTS Ka-feTOBE!» *),. 

He TpyaHo NOHSTL TB DO6ya#AeHis, KOTOPHA UpoABETOBaIA «PBqn> 
STY THPaAy, HO COFrdacHTbCa Cb CYMIECTBOMS BLIPAaKeCHHHXS BE Heli 
MHCAOH On0 OH JOBOALHO TpyAHKO. <Korgu onnosnnia obbeguHaeTca, 
OHA, GCTECTBOHHO, OOBEXHHACTCA H&2 MHHHMAIBHOH UporpaMMb HaH6o- 
xbe ywbpenso usb Naprifi, BXO,aM"uxb Bb es coctaBh». Ho Bb 
HHKaKOrO UporpaMMuHaro OObeRAHeHIA ONNOIMOin BER TpeTbeH Ayub ue 
Wpowsows0. HKamjad usb april, BXO.a0lHXb BB COCTAaBh AyMCEOu 
ONN08HHIH, OCTazach UpA cBoeH UporpaMM’d, H HH OHA H3b HX, He 
HCEAWIAH, KARETCH, TeMeph ye H KOHCTATYNIOHAIHCTOBh-leMOKParToss, 
He MCITACTh O TpoBeseHiH Bb HHBHb Gepesb TpeTso Aymy kKakol- 
xu60 mporpeccusHo# oporpammun. He menbe packopanHo 6nla0 On 
YTBEpRAaTb, ITO oONnnosunia BL Tpetbe Aymb oObelHHHAach 4a 
TAETHES &.-X. Naptia. Dlocabausa Hayasa BBAb Cb DOUNTRA HIpatb 
poib «peryasTopa» paoboTn TpeTbefi ym wu AHIIb CHXOW Beutel 
H BOJOW OOIbIMHHCTBA Oblaa OTOpomeHA Bb O6mie paAAH «6e3- 
OTBBTCTBEHHOH> AyMcKOH ONN0S8HNin, cb KOTOpOH nNepBoHayaAAbHO 
BOBCe He XOTbia cubuuBaTh ceOs. [lg0x0 MBPACh Cb TARHMS 0040- 
HOHIOM'b, OHA HEOAHOKPATHO UbITasach BHHTH H3b HeTO, A XHUIb 
Heyjaua BCBXb TaKHXb MOMNTOKD H HENPCKAOHHOCTS OOALMIAHCTBA 
NOBCAH KB cOOBeMUHCHIN ONNOSHOiA», NpPAakTHICCKH BbLIpasHBMleMyca 
Bb TOMB, ITO K.-. pacnia JyMH yBuabia ceOa BL HeEOOXOAMMOCTH 
HPHBATh POAb, AHAAOFHYHYH POAW APYTHXDS OMNOSHMIOHAHXS rpynMs. 
VM, sakb HH MazO BB cymHocTH yanOaeTcA ef 9T&a POXb, KaKb HH 
ACNHOCABAOBATCALHO OHA MPOBOAATS ee, COBEPHICHHO OCBOOOAETLCA OTS 
Hed OH@ HE BB COCTOAHI H BCe es sHaucHie BB ywb ceeazoch HCEAB- 
WHTCIBHO Kb STOH polk. BB KOHI'B KOHDOBb, HE CMOTPA Ha _ BCe 
Hexedanie H UpsaMoe NpoTuBoAbicrBie K.-X. WapTid, ef AYMCKaa DOSE- 
Wid Okasadach cOsmxeHHOH cb DosHDiamu Ooabe FEBHXDB Ipyou's. 





*) ,Pbap*, 2 Yonn. 1908 vr. Kypciisn mpauagiemarh raserb. 








BD MOPAIKRB BESSAKOHIA. 195 


To, GTO DpOH30MIAO BL WaHHOMb cAzyyaB BB crbuaxb Taspuye- 
Karo [BOpUa, BL OOILMEXE pasmbpaxh ux BS Ooxrbe OTYCTAHBHXD 
-POpMax’ IpOwCXOAuTS -80 Bcel cTpaHb. Besnomagno pas6unaa Bch 
HiIwsif H pas00laqas ABHCTBHTeIbHOe otOReHie Beme, RusHb 
BAACTHO cOOHpacTh BCB MABWA CHAI HAapOla Bb ONHY CTOPOHY 
CTAaBHTb HM’ BOOABB OpexbsAeHHYH saxzayy. MoxHo He BUSTS STOTO 
mponecca, CCAH SakpHTb r1asa Ha ABACTBATeIBHOCTS. MoxHo BHIBTS 
ero H He DpenctapsaTh ce6B ero pesyAbTaTOBb, eCAH OTKASaTbCA 
OTb S3HAHIA HCTOPIH H OTS NOHBMAHiA UponeccoBh obmecTBeHHoll 
musHH. Ho fas Thx, KTO HaGINLaeTh AABHb HW YMBETh NOHHMATL 
-@@, pesyALTATH COBEPMaWMaroca Wpomecca AOAXHN OTS acHH. Ero 
passutie MomeTS OntTh Gorbe 2H MeHSe OICTPHM, HO CTO KOHeUHNE 
HCXOND HO NOMACRHTS HAKAKHMDS COMH'SHIAMS. 

B. Manorui. 


Bb nopsuKsb 6e33aKoHIA. 


Brag babel NOCCOCCIOHHEIXS 32B0J0Bb PBUHAR OOPaTAThCA Upesh 
-oco6y xelyTauii0 Kb MAHUCTpy TOproBin A TpomMbMzeHHOcTH LF. Iin- 
MOBY Cb xogaTaficTBOM’b, H3A0KEHHLIMD BB Mpomenix oT 6 cero des- 
pasa sa Ne 68 *), 0 paspbmenia AMS pacipogxaBaTb HBEKOTOpHA ka- 
SCHHHA HMYMecTBa (XKCb, PYAN H BCAKATO POA HCKOMAeMEIA ka3eH- 
HO-10CcecciOH4HX Jab) Bb HXb, OpocuTeref, nosbsy. OsHayesayw 
mbpy Opeysaraercad Dposectu, Bb BUAY es cobmaAocTsA, He OOHIALMD 
SAKOHOAATCALHHMD NYTeMS, &2 BE NOpsAKB... GessaKonis. 

[bao saniwyaercA BB CABIYIOUMEMS. 

Ha Takb HashBaeMOMb MocceccioHHOMb UpaBh BlagbwOTh pasHbie 
«NapTHKYAspHle» ANH HeOOBATHHIMH poctpancTBaMH kaseHHOt 
seman Ha Yparb (Bb o6memb FO 2—3 muaaioHOBS NecsTHHD **). 
Hbxkorga oTH seMAH ONAH AQHH UMD, Olarogxapa «<6esco3sBaTel’bHOk 
MOAPOCTH» MPeCKAUXL ApPaBuTeAbcTsS (YacTiw mpa Ilerob 1, mpeumy- 
MIECTBCHHO KC Bb IIOXY ABOPNOBLIXb MWepeBOPOTOBD, IPH Wapunaxd) 
COBEPUIGHHO JapOMb HM Bb OOABMHACTBS ClyqsaeBh Jame Cb pa3zHaro 
polka WeIPHMH MpunaaTaMA OTS Ka3HH—TOABKO 34 TO AKOOH, TO 
OHH Ha oTHXb SCMAAXL 8ABOIN CTPOATS A DOUeyeHie UMBWTS, 1abH 


*) Npomenie acxoqnts ord Copbra chb3q0Bb TOPpHONPOMHMIIeRAAKOBh 
YpaascKoh ropHot oSnacti. 

**) Panbme nocceccioHHHXb 3aMeib OHA0 OolbMe, HO UpocTpancTso 
WX®% nocTeneHuo yMeHbMaetca, O1aroqapA DepeqAcstediw OTABABHNXD OKpy- 
TOBb BE paspaAAd BAaLbrbieckHxb. M3 17 wa nocceccionHOMS Upash Teneps 


-OCT&AOCL TONBKO Y. 
1°27 


196 H. CHIT OB 4. 


cid BaBOAL <BO O6AaTODOAYIHOMS XOLY CTOsAN H WecTBIe CBOG HMBIE>. 
3a osbs0Banie xasenHo semazefi nocceccioneph! HHKOTAa HHYerO He 
WAaTHJH HB HE DAaTSTb, RPOMB Takb HasepaemoH mocceccionHOR 
ropHol nuzaTH, Bb pasmbpb 1'/, gol. cb Nya BHOAABAeHHATO Fy- 
ryfa H 50 kon. cb nya Mba. He AOBOABCTBYACh STHMH AbTOTAME 
BIaBIbON MOCCeCCiOHHHXh seMeXb (M0MHMO APyrHXb OOMAXE ch 
UCTAaIbBHMH 8aBOAIHKkaMA TpeGoBaHilt) AaBHO yRe AOMOTAWTCA YCTYNKR 
MMB OTHX', SCMCAL Bb MOAHYW HXS COOCTBEHHOCTS HB NPHTOMS DOITE 
AapoMb, Takb Kakb MpelAaraeMad AMM DlaTa—Bb CpesHeMh MEHBE 
1 py61a 8a AeCaTHAY —Npesnasnaqaercs, NOBHAMMOMY, HCKAMIRTOCABHO 
AIA COKPHTIA AapcTBeHHaro XapaxtTepa CBIR. 

OTH AOMOFATeAbCTBA MOCccecciobepoBb HaiaxHch BCKOpPB xe nocrb 
OoTMBAH KpboocTHOrO MpaBa, & HMCHHO CB TOO MOMCHTA, KOTAa OC- 
ceccioHHHe 38aBOAH H @abpHes, KOTOPpHe nosyqaaH nocobie OTb kasHM 
TOAbDEO <«<PaOOTHHMH JIONbMH>?, OWAH NepeBeseHHl BL paspAAb Bia- 
KbibveCKHXd, 8&8 Dpekpanmieniems sToro nocobix. Brcowaime yrsep- 
HICHHWMD MHBHIEMS YTOCYAAPCTBeEHHALO COBbTAa TOrAa xe OnIO Ups- 
SHAHO ReOGXOAHMHIMB JAHEBUAAPOBATb OTHOWeHIA BH Ch TAMA YTOp- 
HHMH 8aBONQMNH, KOTOPHe HMBAH OT KasAW nocobie eme seMsaMa B 
xbcaMH, Dpa semb pbmesie sToro BoNpoca OwaA0 OTIOMEHO AO cie- 
iaabHo ero paspadoTEu. Boszew cyxe6b o3HadeHEHii TpyaAb OpumA0ce 
BLINOIHHTb TaKb HasbiBaeMoH «ropHott KomMMACcin» (NepecmarpuBasmell 
TOopHhfi ycraBh), KOTOpad MpOABHAa Bb CBOHXD padoTaxb CTOAb YAH- 
BHTeZhHOG TO CBOeH OTKPOBeHHOCTH UpxctTpacrie Eb HHTepecaMs 8a- 
BORWHKOBD, YTO HE MOCTECHHIACh, BOUPCKA OYEBHAROCTH, MPHPaBAATS 
mocceccioHHOe MpaBO MOYTH Kb DOAHOMY UpaBy coOcTBeHHOCTH, a 
paBO KASH YMaJHTb JO MpaBa NoxyweHia Cb mMocceccioH#BUXs 
SABOAGHROBS Tak’ HashiBaemOH s0OaBoaHOH ropHo nogzatH. Ucxogs 
HSb S8THXD NOlOmeHi#, «<ropHas KoMHCCia» CNOCOOOMb AHKBHAAOIR 
nocceccionaaro pana us6paza BHKYIb seMeG3b, UpH weMb BE 
KyNHad cyMMa Ona ONpeabseHa kauHTanusaniel usb 5°/, Ao6a- 
BOUHOH ropHo DosaTH, a TaKb Kak 8T&® DOAATh BHpPaKasach HE- 
"QTOMALIMH CYMMAMH, TO BHIKYNb s8eMeIb 10 MpOeETY ROMHCCIH NpeR- 
nolaraics bb cpeaHew’b MeBSe 1 py6aa 8a AeCATAHY, UPHTOMD cB 
pascpouko nazaTexa Ha 37 xbrs. [poexrs «Bugyoa», BupaboTanane 
«ropHo KOMHCCie#», pascMaTPHBasCd TAaKb HashipaeMOH DOAaTHOR KO- 
wuccie#, KOTUpoH ORD On1Ib Of00PeHD, Ch HBROTOPNMH HeSHAIRTEIL- 
NhMH H3M'bseRIAMA. 

Buinecenuoe «cheniaivcTaNH» pbmeHie BONpPOCa HAaCTOAbKO HO Co- 
OTBBTCTBOBaA10 HCTHHHOH eFO CYMHOCTH, 4TO, BBPOATHO, HH OAKED BSB 
YYACTHHKOBS Bb rayOunb cBoe copbcru He NpHsHaBarb eToro pt 
meHia cnpabesAuBhiM'b. LLOBHABMOMY, OHO OHAO pascaHTAaHO HA <He- 
OCBbAOMACHHOCTh» CHepb, OTb KOTOPHXS sSaBHChAO OKOHIATCARHOS 
yrBepmenie npoerta «BLkyna». Ho Tagb kakb, Osarogapa AaTepa- 
Typb TOrO BpeMecHH, HCTHAHHH CMbICAB eTOH ONepaliH HE yAazOCe 
COXPaHHTb BD TafAb, TO NONNTKA O6AaroABTeabCTBOBATh Nocceccione- 


Bb DOPS{E® BESBAKOHIA. 197 


pOBb 8& CICTL Kash Bb TO BPOMA HE yasach A ABAO Cb BHKYNOMD 
Cb TBXb DOP HeOMHOKPATHO OTEAARHBAAOCh Bb LOATIA AMAR 0 
pasHiim' oBojamb. L[locxblHaMb NOBOAOMB KD OTCPOURB OHO 8a- 
KAHYHBAWMeecA Teleph SeMEALHOG ycTpOfcTBO TOPHOSaBOACKHXS Epe- 
CThAHB 00 sakoHy 19 maa 1893 roga. 

Bb HacToamee BpeMA BONMpOCh O «BHIKYI'b» CHOBAa CTOHTS Ha 04- 
POAH H OCOOHIMH MCAXBBAOMCTBCHHHMH COBBOanisMH (KOHEUHO, pH 
Oxnmafiemb: yiacTid CaMHXb mocceccionepoBb) ye MOATOTOBAeHS 
Kb paspbuieHin, Bb (opm sakoHeHHaroO BAaKOHONpoekta, KOTOpHH, 
kameTca, Oynymeii OceHbm UMBeTS ONTE BHeCeHS Ha pascMoTpbaie 
locyxapcrsesHot yuu. Ilo cymlectsy sTo BCe TOTS Ke MPOCKTS «BH- 
Kyla», BpadoTanHoH «ropHo Komucciei» Bb 60-xb rojaxh, cb Upex- 
BHMH OCHOBAHISMH BHUHCICHIA BHKYOHOH CyMMH, Bb EOTOPWA, OAHAKO 
BaBOAIHKH NOMMTAAHCh BHECTH HBEOTOPHS HBMBHOHIA Ala OOeruenia 
“TATUTH» BHIKYOHOH onepaniu». 

Tak, o6cTos10 ABAO Cb MOATOTOBKOH sakOHONpOeRTa O AMKBHAAIIHK 
mocceccioHHaro UpaBa, KOTAa y WOCcecciOHepoOBS ABHAACh MHICAb OOpa- 
THTBCA Kb MHAOCTH HAWaXbCTBA H TBM NPHOAWSHTD KB ceOb Oxara, 
TpalyMis Bb SAKOHOMATeCADHOMD MOPAARS, 00 HX MHBHIN, CIHIIKOMS 
MCAICHHHMS XOf0Mb. Jag oTOH ban OHH PBUYIH, KAKDB 9TO YOOMS- 
HYTO BHDIe, xoxaTaficTBoBaTh O NpesOcTaBAeHiH HM DOMAHYTHXD 
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IpOWeAYPH, —- «6% mopRdKw% seprosHaro ynpaesenin»., OTA MBICIb 
oOcyexaiach H OHA OJHHOJYMHA UpunATAa Ha ocobomb coBbmanin 
BALAI BALERS MOCCECCIOHHHIXD 8aBOLOBb, HXb YOPABAAWOLAXS H Nped- 
cmasumenet 2opnaro endomcmea, nod» npedcrdamentemsomes Fv1e1UMar0 
MUHUCMPA mMoOpr0Ehu u NpOMoUEHHocmu Dusocofosa, 60 spemA 
nom3z0Ku eo Ha Ypars-ocensw npowsaro 00a. 

Ke necuactito fia mocceccionepoBh, OnBmifi' MHBECTph PuxA0CO- 
0Bb OKOHYHID CBOG 30MHOG CTpancTBie BCKOPB He NO BOsBpaMeHixn 
H8b NObsqRH Ha Yparb, & HA CMBHY CMY SABHICH HOBHH MHHECTPB 
TOPrOBIH 4 UpombmszesHoctH r. Ulunosh, BsrisyH koero 0 ceMy 
upeqMeTy emje He BHACHeHH. dalaya DOMAHyTOoH BHMe AenyTaniv 
H BARINVACTCA Bb TOMS, YTOOH CHHCKATD OAATOCKAOHHOS OTHOUIERIC I. 
iiunmopa kb xogatacrBy mocceccioHepoBb o paspbmesia# aMb,—BDb 
OTMBHY CYMICCTBYHMAXS S8akOHOBS,—paciposasaTb Bb CBOW MOAb3y 
NePewHCACHHHIA Bb HXS UpPOMeHiA KaSCHHHA HMYMMeCTBA. 

OsHayeHHoe AOMOFaTeAbCTBO BD BHCWeH CTeNeHH HHTepecHO 110 
“-CyMecTBy; HO eme 6oxbe AWOONHTHO OHO Ch opMaAbHOH CTOPOHHI: 
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GessaxoHie A pA 9TOM ABACTBYIOTL CTOAb CAMOYBBpeHHO, Kakb OyATO 
BONPOCh HACTh O CAaMOMS SaypszaoMb AbIB. Lo oTHomeHiw Kb ONB- 
WeMy MHANCTPY TOProBAH H NpOMEIDIAeHHOCTH PuaxAOcOposy ele MORHO 
OHO JONycTuTS, ITO AaBagd OGbmasnie (ecaH OO 6HAO AbiCTBUTeALHO 
Mano) Co_bicTBOBaTh YAOBACTBOPeHiW AOMOFATEALCTBA MOCCECCIOHEPOBD | 





198 H. CHIrOB t.. 


OHD HM'BAD Bb BAAY HCNOABHTD ETO OGbmanie Ooxbe win MeHBE 8aKOH- 
HHMS NYTOMb—Bb DOPAAKh 87 cTaThbA OCHOBHLIXS 8AKOHOBb,— Tah ARS 
x0 l-ro Bus6ps, T. e. xO oTKpHTia 3-H TocygapcrsenHoli Aymu, ora 
CTAaThA MOFIa HMBTL NpaMbHewie (Bb CAyYasX> HEOOXOAEMOCTH, BH- 
SHIBACMHIXE “pesstixadnumu OOCTOATeALCTBaMH). Ho Bb HacTOAnTee 
BpeMs,—Nocab OTEpNTia [ocyxapcTsenHo Aymi,—cuncrt o6pamenis 
Kb MHHHCTpy 06+ H8NbHERIH SAKOHOBD, NOMHMO SaKOHOATCAbARIXS. 
yipemreHii, CTaHOBHTCH ye COBePDICHHO ACHHIM?D *).- 4, RoHeqHO, 
He ClHTaw ce6a BUpaBs AbraTh xaxkia xH60 Upexuos0meHig 0 TOMS, 
Kak OTHECeETCH Kb XOfaTalicTBy nocceccionepos, r. [Tunopsb, HO 2% 
HE YAHBHACH OH, ecxH 6b OHD YCMOTPBXL Bb HONS NposBAeHie He- 
yBaxeHia kb ce6b, Kakb Kb UPEACTABHTeAW BAACTH. 

CymecTBo Xe BOUP.ca «0 CHATIA HBKOTOPHIXD OrpanayeHi# cb DOC- 
CECCIOHHHX 8aBOAOBb» BAKINWCTCA Bb CYBAYWUEM: 

Do abicTBYWDLUMS Y8akOHeHiAMS, 3AKAOVAWIAMCA Bb CBOAB ycra- 


*) Bo us6baanie neyopasym Buia, opuBoKy carbaywoniee neBxeyenie nay 
Dpomenia saBoaiHKOB OTb 6-ro deppana c. r. 3a Ne 68: 


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OTHOMeHIA, TAK u npoyedypot nposedeniA €20 6b 3AKOHODAMEALHO.MD NO- 
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Ypaua, kamerca ocTaBanoch 20 cosHBa JiyMil He MHOrHMS Gombe whcara. 





Bb DOPHIR® BEB38AKOKIA. ~ 199 


BOBS TOPHHX’, WOccecciOHHHe 8aBOAYHRA MOTYTh DOAbSOBaTECA HBS 
moccecciOHHHX® Aayb PyfaMH METAIAOBD, OOAOMEHAHXE TopHok N0- 
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TpPORSBOAcTBA, Ge3b UpaBa MpOkaBaTb TH PYAH HA CTOPORY. 

PyAH MeTalIOBb, He OOpabaTHBaeMNA locceccioHepaMH,—~paro- 
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BOCHPeMAcTcA NpOkaBaTh Ha CTOPORY. 

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TOABKO Ad WhacTBia COOCTBEHHHXS 3aB0A0BD, ONATL-TAakH 6esb 1paBa 
IpOmARH CFO Ha CTOPOHY. 

OTS 8THXb orpannuenifi BB noms0Banin fAjaqaMA NoceeccionepH ~ 
xorbsH O51 us6aBATbCA JAM TOTO, ITOOH OPraHHsOBaTb TOPLOBAW po- 
HSbeNeHiAMH HE UpHHayACRaMAXh HMB semerb. Usb Oyzymuxs OapH- 
Wie saBOXaHER OOBMANWTE YOIaIHBaTb kasHb 3a NposapaeMbla Ha 
CTOPOHY PYAH (TOABEO TSX METAAAOBS, KOTOPhle OOAarawTca ropHolt 
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raeTca) m0 */4 kK. Ch Nya H 8a abch no 87'/, KON. ch RYO. camenu 
WpeBecHHH! (K4Kb APOBAHOTO, TAKS H CTpoeBorO sbca). HKoneqHo, no- 
AYUHTL, HA TARBXD YCMOBIAXS paspbmMexie TOpropaTs NponsBexeniaMa 
Ka3CHHHXb 8eMCIb—MNepcieRTHBA BeChMa NpiaTHad IA B8AaBOAYHROBS. 

Ho whut o6bacHHTE TY GpesBHiuafifywW NOcWbOHOCTS, Cb KOTOpOK 
BQBOAYMKH THTaWTCA BHEYJUTh Y Kash OsHaqenHoe paspbuenie 
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vbup Gombe OHH PactiApATh MakTHYecKOe NOAbBOBaHie AawaMu, TBM 
rpownse Oyzerh AX NOsunia BB OophOk 3a BO3MOMHOe YMeHbNeHie 
CYMMEI «BHKyla>. 

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papa cBodo,Kso# TOproBId MpowsBexeniamA yaqiED—On10 On, M0 
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BCB eeMeHTH CoOcTBeHHOCTH. OuncTuBS paso BlaxbHIA HM MOXb3O- 
Bani 8CMISMH OTE BCHKUXDS OFpanwyenifi, mocceccionephl BNAOTHYIO 


200 H. CHTvu BS. 


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paso pacuopaxeHisa 1aqaMH OHH CIHTAWTS UpHbalAcKaulHMb HM B 
BL HacTOslee BpeMA, XOTA Cb HBKOTOPHMH OFrpandyeniamu. Corszacso 
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passpoO6senis HMw bHiA )MOCpeACTBOM’ KYM4AH-0posaku, a Take MepexaBaTb 
ero no HacabactBy. Ho ecuu uxb tipaBo BaaabHia H UOAbSCBaHia Aa- 
WaMH ONO OW CBOOOAHO OTb OrpanHyebifi, TO pacnopsxesie 9oTHMb 
IpaBoMb CABAALOCh Ob PABHOUSAHHMDG UpaBy pachopsxAxeHia Cambie 
HMYDLeCTBOMS. 

Tloab3yach, Up 64arockx0HHOMb combficTsih Doxsexamuxd Bk- 
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Hid MOCCeCCIOHHHIMH 2AM, SABOAGAEH OKASLIBalWTh CYMIeCTBeHHOG 
BAisHie Ha HCXOJb OOmMaro BOUpoca oO AMKBUAANiH MocceccioHHaro 
ipaba. Bb sTOMb OTHOWEHIH OYeHb CePpbeSHHMb H CMBINMb Maou 
ABISCTCH BAaA0b MOCCeCCiIOHHHXS Javb Bb YACTHHXb SCMOAbHHIXD 
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H. Taruascearo, Omyranackaro w Cilceptcsaro): 

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peMeHEHH JOsraMa>... «Bb gacTrHocTu, Huxse-Tarnasceid OKPyrs 3a- 
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mbpb 60°, ombHownolt cymMb»... «Map otro cymmn 4.180.000 py6. 
IPHXOAUTCA COOCTBEHHO ORB seMeAbHbIA yroqba x 410.000—noxs 
OCTAILHOG HMYMLCCTBO>... 

TyTb, MOHHO CKa3aTb, KaHI0C CAOBO BHSHBACTh CYNLECTBEHHOL 
HesOyMbHie. 

Bo 1-xt, 00 sKakOMy upaBy mocceccionepams O6Onx0 paspbmexo 
COBOpWMaTb BaJOrOBWA CA'BAKA Ha HeNpHHassemamia HMB 8eMIH? 

Bo 2-xb, ETO Upegoctrapnas Humeropoxcko-Camapckomy 3eMexb- 
HOMY OaHKY ABTOPHTCTHO ONpeXBAATh CTOHMOCTA UpaBh mocceccione- 
pOBb Ha SeMAH? 














Bb WOPSAKB BESSAKOBIA. 201 


Bs 3-xb, 10 RaKHMD OCHOBAHIAMD MHHHCTPh HHAHCOBh yrsBep- 
AEXIL OUpeABACHHYH OAHKOMDS ONBAKY STHXD UpaBh H, TARAMS OOpa- 
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HOpsAKB? 

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Bb TOMB cayiab, Ccid OUbHEA UpaBb occecciowepoBb Up AHKBHAa- 
Min ORaReTCA eMeBIG CTOMMOCTH HX, ONpexbicHHOK OaHKOM A 
YTBepRACHHOH MHHACTPOMB? 

Koneqnko, yAOBACTBOPATCALHHXS OTBBTOB'S HA OTH BONPOCH RAAT 
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toodpancentams O18 Taeusecnazo oxpyza npoexmupyemoit cnocods 
MPEXPAUEHtA NOCCeCclU Ha YCAoEiu Oeza038.Nez0nNAz0 nepexoda gaxmu- 
“ECKU NPUMBHENS Stim He MOIcems». (KypPCHBS MoO#). 

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mocceccioHHaro npasa. Ckamy TOAbKO, ITO STO NpaBo He HMBETS HOD 
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TO GesBOsMe3THOG BOSBPANeHio STHX SCMCAb Bb KasHY COBePMATCH 
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Bb KasHy, CCH saBonckoe AbicTBie He OyyeTbh BOSOOHOBACHO BE Te- 


genie 3 abr. 
“i. Curos. 


202 HOBLIA KAKA. 


Hosni KHATH. 


Bopuct Jiasapesceiii. Pasceasn. Kxuromezateancrso «Eos». Cnaé. 
}908. Crp. 288. Il. 1 p. 

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CHBaeTb. TaM’h STO OHLAO CKYIHO, 31bCb 3TO TOCKIHBO. 

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MYXIHHD EPYKATCA [OAOBA OT «XyOMecTReHHAarO> BOMReHIA. OANHS 
o6pasb HeH3MBHHO BlaybeTs Yr. bopucoms JlasapeBckaMh: MeHUAHA, 
HSHYECKH MIPHBICKATeAbHas, Tyas, HAYTORHAA H XOAOAHAA, cobda- 
SHACTh JAM HIPH, OTIAeTCH He JO KOHMA, & SAOUOZYIHWA camer, 
MCUTATOAbHHH H HBRELH, HBHHBAeTh OTb HesaBepmenHaro BoOsby- 














HOBAIA KAHTH. 203 


mzeHia. WM pce sTO—Bb TBXE Ke POPMaXh, Cb ThMH KE UpiemaMe 
Bb THXb RC ClOBaAXb; HallepeAb SHACIb, ITO OAPHMIHA 8aSOBeTh Eb 
ce6b Bb KOMHATY MOXOAOTO YelOBbEa, OKaReTcCA He COBChMS OMbros, 
OH HE YTePNHTh, «IPHKOCHETCA», OHA «NOSBOJUTh¥,—2@ MOTOMD, M0- 
TOMB HHYerO He OyAeTh; OH 3aX04CTL. CIC, & OHA CTO MPOTOHHTb— 
nomao 4 rpy6o. 

OHM BSb TAaKHXb CTpayadbiesb sABAseTcH Tepol pascKasa 
«QnHHoRif», XyqomHHED JuTBHORI#, Masnii He ma0xol, ch 61aruMH 
HaMbpeHiaMH 4, ObITb MOReETh, Cb UCKOPKOH TalaHTa, HO HeBLIpa- 
SHMO CAaMOJ0BOIbHHH. Cyig 00 TOMY, 4TO ABTOPh OKPyKAwMlAXd 
JInTBHOKaro cTapaeTcad 300pasHTb HeBHHOCHMHMB TOMAdKaMA, & 
TepOW CBOeEMY AOCTABIACTh BOSMORMBOCTH OMCPRABATL HAN’ STHMH Pa- 
KHKQIbHHMH TYNHDAMA Jersia NOGA, MOHHO AyMaTb, ITO JHTBHI- 
Kifi ero cumNaTia H Jame ero porte parole. Oro negaabHo. MoxHo 
TOABKO YAHBISTbCS, MOBO, BIPOGeEMS, H HO YIRBASTLCH, Kak'b 
r. Bopucs Jlasapescrif ne pasrasybab HenpoxogaMoH nomaocTs 
cBoero repos. [bro coscbMb He BB ero MipoBossphain, Heonpexb- 
ACHHO-O1arORCAATCABHOM, ITPYCTHO-CKeMTHYCCKOMS, H He BS ero Ha- 
CTPOCHiH, MaCCHBHOM’b, 8aJYMIBBUMD, HINymMemb. 'br10 BB Thxb op- 
MaXb, Bb KOTOPLIA OTAHBAaNTCH 98TH BOSSpBHiA MHACHBKATO HU HE- 
YTORHAaTO arnocTaKa. O uxocopcko# ray6anb ero Bosapbaifi MORHO 
CYJHTB XOTA Ob NO TAKOMY efrO pasMEIMZeHiW: «<HoHneyHO, MOKeTS 
OLITh, A AYPakb, 4 HecoMBSAHO, ITO Kapas Mapscs Onab Beandali- 
HMB HSB 1OfeH, HO Takb m®e HeCOMABSHHO, 470 Mapkcb TOKO 
paso6parh H MOpMyIMpoBadb yme CO38saHHOe, HO CaM’b He COSIANb 
HAGElO... MOTOMY ITO OHS YEAOBBED... BOT TAKS, KAKb H TB, KOTO- 
PHe CYMbIH 8aKAIOUMTh PACKTPHYECTBO Bh UPOReKTOPh A Telepb CBB- 
THATS HMD HSB KponniTasta closa, HO HH OME USb HX’ He CO- 
SMalb oTOTO SACKTPHYCCTBA H He BHACTh Jake, ITO OHO TAaKOe». 
Siawme ray6unb sto duszococKok OesqAH COOTBBICTBYeTh, KO- 
HegHO, H OOmecTBeHHOe rayOokomHICTie cKenTHueckaro Kundu Morie- 
Buya. Korza TynoBaTHf OKTOPb YkaSHBaeTh eEMY, ITO OOHOBIATS 
WeIOBBIECTBO 0 eTO pelenTy HHAMBHAyaIbHOH AHGHOH MOpagaH BCe 
PaBHO 3TO AbanTH AN@TepHTHaro G6OAbHOrO BakepiakOBHMA KalIaMy 
H COBBTY€TB eMY «<BMBCTO TOTO, 4TOOH OoATATh MycTskuv, noAyaMe 
Y8HATb O PYCCKHXDb NOMMTHICCKAXD WapTiaxh # AXd Whaaxh», JHT- 
BEUKIH BOSMyMaeTcs. «$1 3HaW,—BOSPamaeTh OHb,— ITO BCAKAA Map- 
Tid COCTOHTS M85 ANJeH, POPMYIAPOBABIUHXS TAakh AIH HHAYe CBOH 
TIPHAOHOH. fl shaw Take, 4TO ANH, Kakie Ob OHA HH ObINH, He 
MOTYTS WbAATD TOKO OAHO JOOpo. SHaAIHTS, Bb Kao napTin ecTb 
H 820». Myoro 6110 BEICKASaHO AOBOAOBL MpOTHBE napTifi nw naprifi- 
HOCTH; H He.BCB CpeAH STHXb AOBOAOBL AMMEHH OCHOBATECABHOCTH. 
Ho apryments JInTBunkaro nopamaeTh cBoe# rayOnHOH: BOTb OHO 
KaKB upocro. HemyapenHo, 4TO Bb KOHNS «Abra, NpopeseHHaro Ha 
xauh, JIATBAOKOMY <0PHMII0 Bb TOAOBY, YTO OHS, WeIOB‘KS CpaBHH- 
T@ABHO MAIO OOpasOBaHHbii, BHIMTh HU s8HaeTb TO, 4TO HeNOHATHO. 


204 HOBHIA KEMP. 


AAd AtofeH MHOFO YHTAWILHXD H MHOTO 3Hanmuxb». Lpasaza, Duca’ 
MHOFOEPATHHXb AAHHX CHOPOBb, «CHOAAH IIPROAR Kb 3akAW- 
aweHin, TO JlaTBHOKIM mpocto rayon yeaoBsbEb». Ho r. Jlasapes- 
crifi HecorsaceHb cb Oa6amu, H ero JlaTBHnKi#, KakB OH BS OT- 
MeCTEY H Cb O6n4GHOH ray6uHO upospbuia pa3mnmaaeTs: «Orb 
BOTS, Kakb yOBRICHHHNA MOHAXHHH, HeHaBHASTb Bb ce6B 4yBCTBEB- 
HOCTb, CIHTaA e6 SOM, KOTOPOG MBMaeTE pabotars. Ho BcerTacH yj 
saxo H8Sb HAXD OAH MOMCHTH, ROTA OHA TpeleTasa BB OOBSTIAXS 
TOFO, KOTO 2106uxa H BabnIBaza, ITO OAD Ha cBbTS KHaprs Mapecs 
H ITO OFpOMBOMY OOJbMIHACTBY AWAeH RABETCA HEBLIHOCHMO THAEO>... 
H&B STOMY, MORHO CKasaTb, aloeocsy NOMACCTH, aBTOPb, YKE OTs 
ce6a, UpHAaraeTh OROOpHTeAbHYW ceATeHnin. <Henpembano Onan» !|— 
NOATBEpRAAeTE BB sakawyeHie r. Jlasapesceiff. 

Bp cratpb «Jiawata Uexosa>, HaneyaTaHHol BD «JLuTeparyp- 
HOMb kKadeHfapb-aibManaxb», r. Bopucs Jlasapescril mepexaers 
CBOH ClOpl 0 NOKOHAOMD HHcaTerb. OHH «BHAaWMifica Hal Dy6- 
JHDHCrb», «cepbesHht yeah, HO Aaxekii Orb XyOReCTBEHHAIO 
TBOpyecTBa», yObeaXb ero, 4TO «YexoBb HaBBEA CKOMUPOMETHDpO- 
Barb ce6a ThMb, ITO 1uCaID Bb «HoBpomb Bpemena». I[Losunia, sa- 
HATaA <BLIaOUuMCA NYOAHNMCTOMb» HACTOABKO HexXbNa, ATO Max- 
HET KapukatypoH; BhposTHO, Bb ABHCTBATeIBHOCTH, YKa3aHnia ero 
OWAH H TOHBMe, H ceppesHbe. Bo Bcakomh cayiab, ero UPOTABHRED 
MOT, HANPHMBpb, YRA8aTb, KAS HECYILECTBEHHO AIA AWOAMLArO IH- 
TaTeAd 98TO WeyasbHoe HaloMavanie oO NoaAuTHYeCKOH Hespbaocrs 
Upelkb ABNOMbB YrpoMasHaro xyjomecTBeHHaro HacrBlia Uexosa. 
T. Jasapesceifi us6paxt uno nyTs. Ob «cTapaaca AOKasaTb, YU 
raseTa 8T&a Bb Tb BpeMeHa ele He NOKAOHSAaCh CHI H HE Npono- 
BBALWBAIA MOXOJOBb IPOTHBS BCeYO, XOTH Obl H CUpaBeAAHBArO, HO 
eff HeBLirojHaro, 3TO YexoBb MHCaib TaMb He CTATbH O HeObxogE- 
MOCTH AaBHTb OIAKAATO, & PAaSCKashl H YYTb JH HO Bb KARAOMS HSb 
HHXb NOAVepRHBaND Bearnkia cxoBpa: «HbcTb oAAHHS, HH iygei>. 
I. Bopuch Jlasapescsifi xanyeTce, 3TO DyOsanacTh <OWAb HeYMO- 
IHMDb H TOADKRO OTMAXHBAICH pykOH». Hams mpeacTapasetca, 40 
OHD 8TO AbAAIb BSb WeAOBbROMOOIx H AeankaTHOcTH. Hage emy 
UpHMA0ch OLLI OTNPABHT MHAKALO NOKAOHHHKA Yexosa Eb TBMB IV- 
xam® «Hoparo Bpemenu>, KOrTga Bb YaseTh NWevaTasacb, HalpaMbp>, 
<TuHa> TexoBa; IpHIA0Ch ON Take OOLACHUTS HBEOTOPLIA SACMEHTap- 
HHA Bell, KOTOPHA BCOMda HeXOBKO OOBACHATA B3POCAOMY YeAOBSRY. 
«I puxoquaccs MaB Takke He OXHHD pasb caAbMaTs OOBaHeHie Ue- 
xoBa BL wAoPobcTsb. Ho otu oOBABATeIH BD OOABMIAHCTBB CAyyaeBh 
celiuach %e YMOJKalH, KAKb TOAbDKO HM HalloMuHasH, 4TO Hcaars 
AesuTaab OHIb Apyromt Uexopa, 3TO Uexost Hauucaxrb «Cepary 
PoTmaibyza», 43TO YexoBb Cb OrpOMBHMb MACTEPCTBOMB H 4yTKOR 
4H60Bb) HAapHCOBadb BEAHEOABOAATO YeAOBSRA—eBpes, CReTAWMArO 
acCHrHalin, YTOOH He OHTA HXb pabom». VM sybcb sTH CLOpH Ka- 
KYTCH UpOAOMReHieMb cHOpOBt, KCTOpHe Hexb1O BeAHCh Ha favs 





HOBHA KHATH. . 205 


noxs Ilerep6yproms Bt pasckash «Ogunonifi»y wu apryMeHTH rT. Bo- 

paca JlasapeRckaro YAHBATeEAbHO NOXORA Ha apryMeHTH JLATBHUKAMO. 

«MyXIHHWN pBOIMAH, YO OHS HegOCTaTOUHO ObpascBaHb, HO eCAR 

GyjeTh GOAbMe GHTATh MO comioAoTi#, TO MOReTS cAblaTECA Tores- 

Hint. Camb Xe OHS YYBCTBOBSI, ITO HHKOTa He HSM'BHHTCA>. 
Ham ocTaetcd TOAbEO NORaIbTS 06% oTOM. 


Sanagnwe COOPHHEN. Kunra nepsas. ep. ch nbu. M. Kaguurs. 
Haz. .Coppemenana mpo6memm’. M. 1908. Crp. 301. I. 1 p. 

Chuephue c6OpnHkKH. Kuyura propa n Tpetba. Haz. ,llanosanra*. 
Cn6. 1908. Crp. 600. I]. 1 p. 50k. 

COopHnka nepesoquoh GeaxerpacTHkH cyxbsaxuch H3x61eHHOM 
MopMoH HOBHXB HBAATCALCKUXS «BHICTYOIeHiA». Bob onn obbmawTs 
SHAKOMATh Cb AVUNHMA OOpasnamA, O6ospbrb, OXBaTHTb, CHCTeMAaTH- 
SHPOBaTb, HO 110 CYMLeCTBY HA Bb OLHOM H3b HHXh HE YYBCTBYCTCA 
TRepiad pyka OOpas0BanHaro pelakTopa, KOTOpHH On ABHCTBHTeADAO 
SHaIb MaTepialh, H8Sb KOerO HasIeKATH BHIOAPATh, HMBIb BRYCB 
KAd BHOOpa H BOSMORHOCTh NPOABUTh OTOTL BKYCb. CayyafinocTsw 
sanewaTaban BCh oTH GeaneTpucTHMecKie COOpHHKH—sanagAHe, CB- 
BepHtie, MOIOZHE H KAKb OHH TAaMb eule HashiBawTcs. He sHaeiib, 
GTO COGCTBEHHO NOAACKHTS Bb BUX cOOpaniN, ITO SyzeTb Bb cab~ 
AYWULEMS TOM, KOTO OTBARALIG COCTABATCAH BKINVATH, KOTO saby- 
AYTb, Koro O6ofjyTh nO HesHaHin. KauronpogaByeckii ycubxb 9TH 
COOpHHKH, BBpHO, AMBIOTS, AH OHO NOHATHO: OHH OepyTh y 8alalHHXd 
Hucatere# pbicTBHTeIbHO JHTeEPATYPHHIA IpOHSBEAeHiA H WHAAWTh Ab 
HHX® Marepiaab jaa Jerkaro utenia. Ilostomy OHA HBKOTO HA Cb UbMS 
HO SH&KOMATD: BO3bMCTb ABHBBHH YATATCAL TAKYN KHURKKY, pasphbxers 
66 NaibacCMt, MpOwTeTb NepesownH pascka3sb — H Ha baBTpa cm'b- 
WMaeTbh NMA CTO aBTOpa Cb coTHeH ApPyrHX?. 

Aexamift npexb Hama «Sanaganity cCOopHHKS He XYRO Apyrux. 
Xopowo ye TO, ITO OHS NOCBAMLEAS CoBpemeHHOH HAbMenKol AnTe- 
paTypb, KoTopas usebcTHa y Hach Menbe Apyruxd, 2 MORAY THMB 
SacAyHABACTS BHUMAnig. Ya Sombie veTBepTa BbKa, KAaKb RBH 
C5, OTUPBARMACh OTL NpemAArO OpranHgeckaro cuOKOHCcTBIA, 8Aaledar- 
XbHa oHeprudsHiMD Opomesiemb. Bb oToMb OpoxeHid WHUSCMHHA 
Buishiag arpatH MOryy poib: H Sosa u Bepszens, w I. Tl. Axo6- 
ceHb # Uo6cent, wx Toacto# wu Toppxif, a Yatuanp an Yaiapya— 
«BC no6nhealH TYTh*; HO—KaKb H CABAOBAIO ORBAATb—CHIbHAS 
Hamionad+Had AHTeparypa OcTazacb HanioHaxbHok. Ona BBIABHAY1a 
PAR NHcatesxeli, KOTOPHIXS HHETO HE HasOBeTh NOMpamaTessMA, OHA 
BLICTAaBUIa HUBMIe OCTeTHYeCKIc ACBH8HL HB Bh OOxacTH «OOAaCTHOTO 
HCKYCCTBa», KOTOparO TpeOOBaAb AYXb BPeMCHH, AAA PAN HHTEPeC- 
HHIX> Npoussesenii. Osa yray6aaach Bb TO BpeMA, Kakbh (ppanays- 
¢4ad AuTepatypa cibsasach Goxbe mazocko#. Ppankyshl MeroiAwrs. 


206 ° HOBLIA KHAMS. 


opmoi H MOPazaSyHTL Bb cofepmanin; WSMI COBepMeHCTBYBTS 
gopmy H Aawrs HwxeHHOe cOojepRasnie: BL STOMb FazHHITa. 

Hiab HBMeNKBXD GeAIeTPHCTOBS NOCKSAHALO BpeMeHH NepBHe <da- 
axuH cOOpHHRE> BHOparAb He JyVWMias HMCHA H UpPexAcTAaBHIS HX 
He XYINAMH Upouspeseniama. Pexngch Tourenxepb—arypa Becbua 
sropocrenesHas, T'anch doxt-Kaxenbeprs—roxe 61nx0 Gorbe ocrpoe, 
whut nutTateabHoe, Ioranab Ilsadp npnnayseReTS OPOMAOMy Hw, KO- 
HeuHO, ropasx0 6oxbe xapakrepeat Bb CBORXS UPOHSBeReHiAXs KOHITA 
BOCbMAJCCATHXS rogoBh; [Cyro morb-lodmMasctasb CHACHb Bb Apawsb 
H He3HAUHTeACHD, BB HOBeANS, OCOOeHHO Bb TOH, KOTOPyYW BHOP3In 
cocraBuTezn c6opaHEa; eme Goxbe BeygaqHo cybsanh BHOGOph H3b 
T. Masua, Bb «TpacTagb» KoTOparo ecTh BeAHKOXBORHA BeMAE. 

Tlepesoytb ena CHOCeHS; OHITh MORETL, DepeBOAWAKY NOHATHO, 
KAKHMD, O6paz0mb «Benszepmitpacce (TO CCTb yaHIa) ABAAeETCA O}- 
HOME H3b CAMHIXb SPHCTORPATHYCCKAXD KBapTaxOBb Bepxsnae, HC 
WHTaTeAL HMBeTS 0paso Ha OO6sAbnIee BHAMAHIC Kb HeEMY, 4a H pyc- 
cRifi S3HEb TORE. 

Kp wbhmengo# suTepatypb MoxeTb OHTA Bb sHayHTeAbHOH orb 
oTHeceHD H Ota Tanconh, pasckasH koTOparo, OObeASHReHHIE Bb 
WHEXB «Sensitiva amorosa», BONAR BE HOBH «Cbpepan cOopHAKE>. 
Osa T'ancont—kact Cbpomesckifi—ipabagiemxaTh ABYME AIHTeEpary- 
pam, H HbMelkie pasckashl ero He CUHTaWTcaA Depesoxomb. Ho, 00 
mpabas, OObuMb AWTepaTypaMb OND Aah HO TI2Kb yee MAOTO, ITOON 
BB ero BEAWIeHIN Bb «<CbaepHhte cOOPHHEH» YYBCTBOBAAACh BHYTPeH- 
uaa HeOOxO_HMOCTD. CeaHAHHaBCKIA ABTeEPATYPH Takb OoraTH, KABOH 
HHTepech K'b HUM TAK AOCTOHHS CHCTEMATHICCKALO YAOBACTBOPeHIgZ, 
TARL HYMAACTCA Bb YNOpAAOVeHi, YTO Makb yRE Ch CaMuro Hayarza 
BUXSTh CAyYaHHOCTL TaM’b, TXB Tak NoxAesHa A Baxsa Oniza On ceps- 
esHagd CHcTeMa. MBI BohiBaIH Eb STO cHcTeMB BB OTSHBS O NepBOM, 
<CbaepHoms c6opHanb» — H, ONTh MOKCTb, OTBBTOMD Ha 9TOTh UPH- 
SHBb OHIb JIHHHNH COHCOKb CkaHHHABCKHXS MNucatTese#, Haneqa- 
TAHHHH Bb MpocnekTb vuslaTeAbCTBa, KAaKb UpeqiOxaraeMHA CcOcCTaBh 
«c6opHHkon’b». Ho storo Mado; cOxepmanie uXB vcTaeTca cayaali- 
HHMb. BS nepBpoMb COopHHKB HAaxAOMY H3b BEIOVOHHHXS A@BTOPOBS 
Ona MOCBAMeHa cTaTha; Bibch 06% Oza Tanconb autatesb yme He 
ysHaeTb Huvero. Pomany Kayra T'amcyna «Mactepia», npaBgza, mpex- 
focsana cTaTaa Yr. KynpuaAa 06% apropb «Ilana»; HO STOTh muBOR 
mMIIpeccionuctceif OYepkKb HHTeEPeCeHd, Kakb CaMOCTOATeAbHOe BHTE- 
paTypHoe mpousperzeuie, kKakb MaTepianb Jad Xapakrepacraka Hyn- 
pHHa, a He Kakb CpeICTBO Kb WOAKOMy sHakoMcrBy cb TamcyHows. 
JocratoqHo ykasaTb, YTO Bb NOCIBAHHXb CTPOKAaXb cBOerO OFepEAa 
r. Kynpuss ropopaTs: «fl amgero He 3fal0 0 a3b Oiorpajin HKayra 
T'amcyHa, 1& H HaXOMY, ITO JHMHCO JAA WTATedA MYTATbCA Bb Me- 
A0GaXL HABA THcaTeda, u60 sTO ANOOMHITCTBO BpeHO, M@IOUHO H 
nomao>. Orznako, He BCakad Oiorpadia NuCaTeIA- COCTOHTS H8b MeXO- 
yeii—n Ae Boaroe BHHMUHie WNTATeIA Kb MCAKRHMD OiorpapayiecCKHMS 


HOBLIA KHMTH. 207 


akTaMb BpeAHO, MeCXOUHO H MouI0. He nHaye AyMaeTh H CAM LF. 
Kyopan, KoTOpHii Bb CBOHXS HHTePCCHHXb BOCHOMHHAHIAXt oO Ue- 
XOBB pascKashBaeTb WH O BOMAMaX'’b, KOTOPHLA CTORAH Yy WoRO#HarO 
HHcaTesd Ha CTOXb, H O KABOTHHXb, HABIOAXS y Hero BO ABOpB: 
«MH ypaBbib ObLYE- BaxHad, CTeleHHad Taya. Kb AWAAMb Ob OTHO- 
CHICA BOOOME HeJOBBpyHBO, HO BeAB THCHYW Apyx6y cp ApceHiems, 
cayroH Autowa [laproBuga... Oxy coOaky sBantH «<TysHEb», a Apy- 
ryo—<«Hanmraab>... Hayvbwb, kpomb rayooctd A wAbHOCTH, ®8TOTh 
Kamraat we oTauyaica. Ilo BHBMIHeMY BUAY OHD ONAD TOACTS, ria- 
KOK WH HOYEIWKHD, CBSTAOMeKOAAAaTO OebTa, cb OesCMNCICHHHMA, 
HOITHMH T1asaMH>... OGEBHAHO, CCTb MeIOUH H MezoKH. Kcth 10- 
ApoOHocra, BBOAEMiA BL ONTOBYW H ICHXHIECKYW aTMociepy TBOp- 
yuecTBa WHCaTeld, clecoOcTBywWMia ero NOHAMAHiW; eCTh AHTePaTYPHbLA 
cBbybais, KOTOpHA xoTbioch OH BHASTS Bb MB8LAHiH TAKOTO XapakTepa, 
kaks «<Cbpepawe cOopHuka». AnaaormaHoe HbMenKOe u3qanie Goxrbe 
C#HATO, HO CHCTCMATHYHO—TAaMb BB OHO KAHIT MpexctaBAeHH 0- 
THD CKaHAUHABCKIA AHTePaTYpH; CCTh COpaBOwHad CTaThA# O Kax- 
XOMb luCaTerb, eCTh erO NOPTpers. 

Romans, KOTOPHMS Upeycranlent Bb cOopHaksS Kayrh Tamcyas, 
HO IPHHAXACKHTS Kb AVIWMAME UPOM3BefeHigM® HOpPBeRCKAarO MECa- 
Teid, HO XapakTepeHh JAA CFO MaHepH H MipoBosspbuHia. Jocroescaifi 
OCTPO 4YBCTBYeTCA Bb STOM MYYHTECALCTBB AlOaMaro, Bb STOMD Hay- 
PHB CAORHOCTH, Bb STOH HeEHIObRHOCTA AYNICBHHX B3PHBOBS, IIpH- 


EPHTOH HaTaHyTHMS Gespasiuqiemb HeupunyxseHHoH GoaTosau. Cra- 


BPOTHHS, HECOMBBAHO, CTpasHAca Ha arpoHomsb Hares, repob «Mu- 
CTepik», H Cb STOH CTOPOHN pycckaro uATaTexa OCOOeHHO s3aHHTepe- 
cyeTh yMHWH, POJCTBOHHMH H TATOCTHO-yBAeKaTeAbHH pomaHb Kayra 
TamcyHa. 


Pepnant dyyepnane. Pose. Yerupe onnoarTHHix bec. Mepes. 
QO. H. Usmunof. Cn6. 1908. Crp. 224. Ll. 75 x. 


Mwuxencsif usgateah Lancs ont-Bebeps, uszanmifi, memzy 
MpOuuMb, H NPOMsBeAeHiA HBKOTOPHXS COBPCMCHHHIXS PYCCKUXD MH- 
caTexeH usb rpyonn «Cskopniona», mpeliaraeTh melawuaMb cBok 
MHKAapHHHA KaTatorb, rb 00 ToBO,y cOopauga r. Baasepia Bbpwcosa 
«Die Republik des Stdkreuzes» ropoputca cabaywolee: «<dHaToku 
PYCcKoH AuTeEpaTyPH 8HAWTh H CKOPORTS O TOM, TO, OCTABIAA Bb 
cToponsS Oosbmia umena, kant Toactoit u Jlocroescsifi, ero mpeqcra- 
BHTCISMH Y HACh (Bb Flasaxb HSMCUKUXS GHTaTeJeH) ABIAWTCH 
Topprifi, Kopozenko H HMB OKOOHHE, KOHUXS Ch XyAORecTBeHHOL 
TOUEH spbHia Helb3a OpaTb Bb Cepbesb: BCC PaBHO, Kak ecaH OW 
ayamee, 4TO CCTh Y Hach, ObAO NpeACTAaBAeHO PYCCKHMD YHTATeAAMd 
Bb BHA SyxepMana wav Tena Kpadta. Hopbimie pycckie nucaTelH 
TlOUTH HevSBBCTHH Y Hach, MCRIY THM, KAKb CPO HX CCTb Xy- 
AOMHUKK HaunepBbimaro paspaya (allerersten Ranges), KakoBH Co- 
aoryOb, Bpwcoss, Cudniych, baspmMours, Bao». 


208 HOBHA KHHIH. 


Himenkiii xexaqenTchifi H37aTeAb CABA-AH WATALH HAMHXL MO- 
ACPHHCTOBD, A BEICOKYW OMBHEY STHXb PYCCKHXE [eHieBb, BPORTHO, 
HOSYIHAb OTh HXB UpeACTAaBHTeAd Bb TOTOBOMD BHA; OHH Upea- 
BHRKIH NPHYHCAATh APYIb Apyra Kb «<HanvepBBiMeMy paspsxzy». cw 
6m HBMeIL YATAIG “XD, TO OHS, BSPHO, Hamexb OH BL HBEOTOPHXS 
H3b HHXb Topasgo OOAbMIe CYMeCTBCHHALO CXOACTBA Cb SyAepMAHOME, 
Yhub oTO UpeACTABAAeTCA HMB CaMHMS; Aa BH «leith Rpaprs>, Gol- 
kif, maOz0HHHf pomans, pastyTHH peszamo wu en me saryOseHaHs, 
AHIIb BHEMBHME OOpasoMbh ABARETCA KAKb Ob OTPameniomh HOBHWXS 
TeyeHi#f, 10 CyMecTBY Ke TAaKb He HAalyMaHh, TAKS AC MPOAUETOBARS 
TOANOH, KAKb H SHAIHTCALHAA AQAA Hamlero «MOJepHa». 

OyepMaHb Y AHTePATYPHHXb HBMUCBL—NHCaTeAb KOHYCHHHID. 
OHS Bb CaMOMS XbAB ONPOTHBSAS BChMD CBOeH AeMEBOH cwbAOCTLD, 
eBoe caxapHo# TeHxeHniOsHOCTLN, cBoeH nxz0CcKOi MyMaBBOCTLD. Y 
HED HBTS CepbesHaro coxepmanis, ABTS ycroHanpoctru, HBTS TeMie- 
pawenta. OHS XOJ0JCHb, KAKb AON, H Panionazenh, KaKb UBWyMas 
MAaMHHa: BeChMa BYALTapHH WH BeCbMa YMBINH NHCaTe’b, BPOAB T-Kw 
SHHanan Tanniycs. Ona yMube; OH TAsAATIBB He. 

Ero Hopbimasa Tetpaxoria «Po3h»—6xsecTamif# o6pasenb Toro, 
TO eFO POXHUH HaswBawTh «Mache»: uckyccTBeHHaro mpdoOAyE£ra, 
CHMYAHPyHMaro TROpPecTBO. CAAA STH YETLIPeS OAHOAKTHHA NbCCKR 
NpeROCXOAHO: KamAad NOAA ApAaMATH4eCKarO ABHReHIAZ, KARKAA Cile- 
HHUHa@ Bb BHICOKOH credeHv, Bb Kamo eCTh OTIeTAHBHA QHTYpPH, 
cyAbOa H AHIHOCTh KOTOPHXS JOIKHA BAHATh TeaTpaAbHaro SPHTeLA. 
‘EeTb tadoch A KpOBb Tparegi, CCTh KWMOPh H IPYCTb COHTHMCHTARE- 
HOM KoMegid, CCTh rpy6ocTh depBOOHTHarO TeMNepaMeHTa, €CTb TOB- 
KOCTb COBpeM@HHOH meHcKOH AYMIA, CCTh NpoOAeMHE H OCTh HReH— 
BCO, H& ITO NpeRbABARCTL CNPOCh HHTeANMresTHwA pHAOKD. ibecks 
OOLCABHEHH BABMIAHMD OOpasomh: Bb Kaxjo UTpawTs KakyW-HHOyA, 
Porb P03; pH HaBbcTHOH BHAyYMES, RB KOTOpo Takb CKIOHHO HOES 
rsy6onomiicaie duxocopcrBywme KPHTHEA, He TpyAHO 38u STOH BABI 
wei cBA3bI0 OTKPHITh 60a5@ HHTHMHHA HATH, CBASYWMIA YeTHpe 
HbeCKH Bb HAekAyw TeTpanorin. Ho wbrh HYRAL MpPORBBOAUTh OTB 
OKCIePHMCATH FIyOOKOMHCAisd Hab TMS, 4TO 10 cymecTBy GOoHTCH 
MEIGKH, XO“eTR OHITb TOABRO YOOHHIMS, SAHATHHIMS, CRhCHHYHHMS, 
ATO XO“STS Upemse BCeTO OHTh «ACrKHM ITEHIOML», H HMCRHO HO- 
TOMY DPOH3BOAHTS Tamex0e BievaTabuie. 


Ss 


Heropia Poccia pp XIX Bb. Hananie ropapamecrsa «Bp. A. w 
H. Tpauars a K°.». Banyers 1—7. Crp. 1—560. Co6. 1907. 

Hsjazaemua Topapamectsomt Op. Tpasars «Ucropia Poccia Bs 
XIX sbeb» opeqcrasiseTh co6ow Sorbo KOAACRTUBHRH TPYAb, Bb 
OCHOBY KOTOParO MOAOKeHA WIAPOKAA H PAasHOCTOPOHHAA MporpamMa. 
Bumermie AO CHXb NOpb COMb BHIMYCKOBb STOFO TPYAa 3aKANIawTrs 
BL ceO’ NOYTH BCH MepBy0 WaCTh MpeluoOMeHHAO HSAaHis, OXBA- 


HOBHA EBB. 209 


THBaWMYO HcTOpin Poccia 8a BpeMa MepBOH DoAOBuBH XIX crorbris. 
Bs oTH BHOYCKH BOM cTarbH M. H. Ilokposcraro, nocBameHHHa 
XapakTepHCTHES o6nlaro coctoasia Poccin sb rons XVIII Bbra, 
Ilapay I, Axexcanypy I, xera6pucrams (eTa NOCKBARSA CTaThA Hall- 
cana ©. LlOkpoBckuMS BB COTPYAHHYCCTES ct Yr. JesHaHMS) H BEBI- 
He#. noaHTHES Poccin Bb DepBHa secaTarbria XIX BhEa, cTarbu 
H. A. PoxxoBa 06% oKOHOMHUeECEOMA pasBHTin Poccin sa anni 
epiog® BpeMeHH H O HHaHCOBOH pedbopwb Hankpuua, crarba A. A. 
Kusesetrepa—o BHyTpeHHell NoxMTHES Bb NapcTBoBaHie Hukoxzaa I, 
M. M. Boroczoscxaro—o rocyxapcTBOHHHIXt EpecThaHaxs upH HuKo- 
zab I, 3. Teacraro—o Homurb, K. U. Danyepa—o Ipa6aarificroms 
kpab, UW. H. Boposguna—o pycckaxt ynusepcutetaxs, I]. H. Caxy- 
aHHa—O pyccKoH sutepatypb yo Ilymguna Hw BO BrOpo deTBEpTA 
Bbra u E. B. Anwuxosa—o Ilymuauckomt nepioxs. 

Boasmmicrso nepewicienHHXS craTel IpexcTaBIaeTh cepbeaHbt 
HHTepech 10 CBOCMY cONepHAaHIN H BMBCTS cb TBM 00 BslOReHIW 
BUOIHS JOCTYNHO AIM WIAPORAXS cA0CBE IATaWMeH ny6xHEE. Ho Ha- 
PAAY Ch OTHMD YRC OMHHD WEPeweHb YYACTHHEOBS ASlaHid MOMETE 
IOK&8aTb BCAKOMY, ETO CKOIBKO-HHOYAb SHAKOMS Cb HalMMH XUTepa- 
TYPHEMH HalpaBleHiaMH, TO Bb HACTOAMeMD HSAaHiA OHS He BCTP- 
THT e@AHHCTB2 OOmeH TORR spbBiA H CTOXKHETCA, HAOOOPOTS, CB 
CCPbCSHHMH pPasHOTAacigMH PasIH4HHXE ABTOPOBt Bb ONBARB UCTO- 
pHyeckaro mponecca. Bb GoxbMOMb HCTOPHYeCKOME TDPyb, OCyMe- 
CTBIS@MOMb KOXACKTHBHHIMH -CHIaMH paAa ucaTexeH, Takoro pofa 
pasHorgacia, KOHeGHO, DOuTH HeHsObRHOe aBleHie. Heabaa He OTM'h- 
THT, OXHAKO, ITO BL PUSOUPACMOMD TPYAB NOAOOHHIA PasHOTAacia BHI- 
XOAAT AaNeKO 3a UpeBIW KeAaTeAbHarO, HACTOABKO AaIeKO, ITO BCA 
KHHT2 Bb CYOIHOCTH OOpallaeTca Bb pAJb OTABILHHIXS STWAOBE, 
OYeHS MAO CBA8aHHHXb, ITOOH He CkasaTb, BOBCe He CBASAHHEIXS, 
APYTb cb Apyroms. Ws BsanMHAAd HECOTAacOBAaHHOCTh STHXb sTWAOBD 
ThMb OolbMe ObCTh BL [1asa, YM pb3ie MOMYEPKABANTh CBO 
HCXOMBHA TOURK apbuia oTmbabHHe aBTopH. A Mealy TBM OO%b- 
IVHHCTBO NOCIBAHUXH Kab pPasb CTapaTeAbHO BHCTaBIgeTb Ha BUS 
CBOH OOmie BSTIgqH, Bb SHayTelbHoh Mbpb ame NoAWHAA oTOH 
Iban cBoe *akTHyeckoe HBlORedIe. 

Buanoe mbcro Bb BHMeLMAXS ceMH BHINyckaxt «Mctopin Poccin 
BE XIX Bbrb» saHHMAaWTE, KaKE 0 CBOeMY OOEMY, TAR H 00 HH- 
Tepecy CBa8aHHEXS Cb HAMH Tem, cTraTbH M. H. Iloxposcsaro. Ons 
HalHCaHH RBBO H APKO, ABTOPb HCHOALBOBAIb Bb HUXB HeMadOe 
KOaHYeCTBO ,cBhxaro MaTepiada, H Bb AaBaeMOMb HMH HB0OpameHix 
PasIHIBHXb YCTHHXS SIBZONOBS pycckoH HCTOpid NepBOH NOAOBAHEI 
XIX shea wrTatexs BcTPbTHTh HEMAIO HOBHX Habs Jeni a OCTpO- 
YMHHXS sambuanii. Ho swbcrb ch TbMS OOmad TOWRA spbHid aBTopa 
cTpagaeTs apesmbpHol HCKYCCTBEHHOCTLN, sacTaBlalomelH ero Upes- 
CTaBIATh XOX HCTOPH¥eCKaro Mpowecca BB wepesiyps YyUpOMeHHOMS 
BHAB H CBOAHTb CBOe BBxOmeHie Kb Y3KOH CXxeMB, CIBMEOMD 7acTO 

Peppaab. Orptan I. 14 


210 HOBHIA KAHTH. 


OKasHBabwmefica cBoero pogza Ilpokpycrosiius xOxewb AAA HCTOPH- 
YOCEHXS akTOBs. Cros Ha DO5BS Teopix, corsacho KoTopom «rocy- 
W@PCTBO eCTb Oprankusalia ReaccoBaro rocnog”cTBa», r. [loKposcKifi BO 
BCeEMS CBOCMb H8A0RCHIA HILETS 00 UpenMymlecTBy HAMOCTpaNii &b 
sto Tteopin. HM ob HaxOAHTb AX TBMD AeTye, ITO caMyN TeOpPiN 
OHD NOHHMACTE UpesbHyahno MpPOCTO H UpsMOAHHeHHO, a PakTH, He 
klaIbBaWMecd Bb CH PaMEH, DO-NpOCcTy WOAWHHACTS eH HAH wE 
cOpachHBaeTh CO CIeTOBb. DAaTOAAPA STOMY, CTO BHBOAH HepbaARO 0- 
ZyIaWTS kKpaithe TponsBombHHH Hu HaTHHYyTHH xapaktTeps oH DOpok 
CTOATS BL HONPHMHPHMOMS IIPOTHBOPbIA cb ero xe cOOCTBeHHEIMS 
pasckasom’b. JaBHO YcTaHOBACHHHH H HH BB KOMb U8b HACTOPHEOBS 
He Bosbymyanmift comHbHia dakTh, yO BB kKOnITS XVILI-ro x Hagarb 
XIX-ro BBKOBL NOSHTHEA pyCCKAarO NpPaBHTeALCTBA Bb BEChMa 8Ha- 
THTCADHOH Mbpb HaxoO,H1ach NOAS BOsTbacTBieMh ABOPAHCTBA H O0- 
CIYHHBaAa HHTeCPeCCH ABOPAHCKALO Elacca, UO} Mepoms vr. Iloxpos- 
CKkaro IPHHHMaeTS HOBHA H Topasx0 Ooxrbe pbumTexbHHA OFEpTaHia. 
Bs raasaxb r. [loxpopcsaro seb sBIeHia BHYTpeHHeH Hu BEbOTHeH 
HBBHH PYCCEALO TOCYAAPCTBA Bb AAHHYO SlOXy OOLSECHAWTCA HCEAD- 
"WHTCABHO HHTepecamy ABopsHCcTBA. HM, cb crporofi DOcKrbsOBaTeABHOCTSW 
IpuMbasad oTy TOUKY spbHia KO BCBMB HCTOPHICCRAMS COOHTiAMS, 
OH HO OCTAHABABBACTCA Wepelb CaMHMH HeEORHIAHHHMA BHBOAAME, 
BUAOTHYH NOXBOAAWUMH eFO KB cCBOerO poka HCTOpHYecKOH MeTa- 
(pAsHES. 

«Memly cywnocmon rocyxapcTBeHHOH BaCcTH, KaKb OHA CAOMR- 
zach BB Poccia &b KOHNY BOCeMHAaMMaTaro BbEa, H eA Hop.motl,—tro- 
BopuTs r. [Loxposcrift, o6bacnaa coOnrTia napcersosania Ilapsa,—pano 
HIH WO8{HO JOX#HO ONXO BOSHHEHYTS HeIpPAMHPHMOe UpPOTHBOphayie. 
Biacth J0ImHa OHAA BLIPARATh HHTePeCh! x/lacca, HO OHA Ona Bb 
PyEaxbh suya HW 110 HeOOXOJBMOCTH OTpPasala BRYCH, HACTPOeHia & 
flake KalpHsh sToro Aama» (21; KypcuBS asTopa). Bs xabicrsatem- 
HOH HSH WpoTHBOpbyie CyMecTBOBAAO, KOHe4HO, He MERAY abcTpakt- 
HHM' JOIRCHCTBOBAHICNS H PCAILHHM (PAkTOME, 2 MERAY TBYMA OAHHA- 
KOBO KOHKPeCTHHIMH Ipomeccamy O6nlecTBeHHOK xuSHH. Ho UpasHaTs sto 
SHAYHAO OH OTCTYNHTS OTS TOM TeOopin, KakyMasca CrpoHHOcTs KoTopoH 
Tak, yBrckaeTs r. Loxposoraro. H ecan BbpHocts eTo# Teopik sacTaBasers 
r. logposckaro sakpHBaTA 11a8a Ha HCTHHHHH CMLICAL HCTOPHUeCKaro 
pomecca, TO 0OH& Ke DOSBOASeTH OMY MepexaBaTh OTALAbHHC MOMCHTH 
STOrO Uponecca Bb COBepMeHHO HeupaBAAbHOMS OcBbeHin. ass 
ApKyH XapakrTepHcTuky OesyMHo TapanHin JlapzoBckaro MapcrBosa- 
Hid, aBTOPb BCXBAS 8aTbMb, HOOMHAAHHO AAA WHTaTeAg, H300pamaers 
yOiicrso [laBaa, Kakb akTb, DOpomseHHnH ACKIWUYHTCXBHO Kxacco- 
BHMH BHTepecaMH ABOPAHCTBA, ARTS «MECTH TOCHOACTBYWMAaro H UpPH- 
BHACIHPOBaHHArO KAaCCa 8a NOMHTKY KOCHYTBCA rpy6oH pyso# ero 
HHTepeCcOBS H UpHBHAserifi» (28), a camoro Iapaa ompexbasers, kakh 
<porpeccucTa, XOTa H OescOsHaTeAbHAaro, XOTA BB AHKOH u Hexbnok 
dopmb» (31). Cb ABOPAHCKHMH He MHTeEPeCAMH CBASHBACTh ABTOPS H 











HOBHIA KABTH. 211 


8ClO NOXHTHKY lpaBuTerpcTBa AxexcanApa I, He ACRINGaa Mpeocbpa- 
SOBaTCALHHXS 4aHOBR Ciepanckaro, 4 ABAmeHie jJeKabpacross. A 
ONATb-TARH Bb STHXS caAywasxt AbicTsaTeAbHHe ucTOpHuecKic arts 
Bb Hsx0meHiW YF. Woxposckaro HepbAKO OTCTYN8NTH KyJa-TO Bb CTO- 
PoHY, 3 AaBTOPS, yBleweHHHH cBoelt cxemMoli, pucyeTs kapTaHy, HM'bIO- 
Ty BeChbMa MaxO OOMaro Cb HHMH. Takb, HAaNpAMEpPh, 0 eLo CAO- 
Bamb, l'ocynapcrBesHomy Cosbry 1810 r. «mpegocraBaax0ch BCe TO, 
ITO BL KOBCTHTYHIOHHHXS TOCysapcTBaxh MpesoctaBiseTca cobpakiv 
HaposHHXxb WpescrapatereH» (55), x, craxo OnTb, ecaH BbpuTS Fr. Io- 
EPOBCKOMY, Bb Poccin yme BB 1810 r. 6uxa BBe_eHa KOHCTHTYHIE. 
Uro KacaeTca AekaOpHCTOBS, TO aBTOPS TOTOBS ake OUPCAbARTS UXd 
HJCOAOTINW, KARb «OypHyasHyW», TOIbKO «OHHMAA 8TO CIOBO Bb MIH- 
POKOMEB CMEICKB>. «Hcau, OBOpATS OHb,—<«<OypRyasHit» SHATHTE «He 
mpoxeTapckifi», @1Ba-1H MOXHO CHOPHTS, ITO AEKAOPHCTH: ABIAWTCA 
THIHYHHMH IpexcTaBATeiaMa OypRyasHaro Mipocosepnania» (102). Ho 
Bb TOMb-TO H (BIO, YTO «He-MporeTapckifi»y BOBCe He SHAYHTS elle 
«O6ypxyasHii». IIpoBoqHTb SHARKS paBeHCTBA MOKIY oTHMH ABYMA 
TIOHATIAMH OHIZO OHI HeYAOOHO BS NOAHTHYECKOMS TaMseTb H, kasa- 
AOCh OH, eme MeHBE yIOOHO ABAaTh 9TO Bh HCTOPHICCKOMD H3CXBIO- 
Bakia. Bs cymgocra # cams Fr. Doxposcsili, nOBHXHMOMY, 4YBCTBYeTh 
STO H Bb JaxbH’bimemh H3A0KeHIN ye He WHTaeTca OOpamaTD Je- 
RaopuHcross Bb Oypmyasin, HO 3aTO ThMb HacTO#UABbe CBOAATS BCB 
HXb wen Bb 6opbOb 3a «papa jBoOpAHcTBa». JlexabpacTs, oO ero 
xapakrepHcTuRb, 9TO «O6umeHHHH caMmOosepmaBiemh BOPAHHHD> HF 
«iBameHie peKaOpHcToBb OHAO Bb CYMIHOCTH JABOPAHCKHMD ABAKC- 
niemb». Jo HBEOTOpOH cTeueHH BHbAaa usb oTOH OOmell xapaxTe- 
pacruka Iecteas, r. [loxposckiff, oxHak0, H Bb HeEMb YyXUTpseTCA 
Halira qHCTO WBOpaHcKia TeHfeHnMin. «Kaxb Oypxya-akoOneOH, — ro- 
BOPATb OHS — CO8HABad BCIO HEOOXOAHMOCTL SKOHOMH4eCKarO paBeH- 
CTBa JAA pOBeseHiA BL RHSHb cHOeH CHCTeEMH, HHEKOTIa HO AMBIAH 
AYX@ KOCHYTECH «CBAMeHHOH cOOcTBeEHHOCTH» H BS NOCIBAHWW MHHYTY 
BCOrAa BL YRACH OTMATHBAIHCh OTS 3AOBbMAarO Upaspaka «alpapHaro 
Sak0Ha»,— TAKS H ABOPAHHHD-Ilectexs He MOTB ceOB MpexCTaBHT 
Poccia we onexaemok mnpocBbmeHRHMA” BOpsHaM”, He MOIb ce6B 
mpeqcTaBHTb Poccin, ryb orpamyenie NOMBITMIbHXS WHTeEPeCOBS He 
CTOSI0 Ob Ha WepBoMb mxanb» (103, 104, 109, 116). Cronts mps- 
TIOMHETA arpapHyH uporpammy Ilecterzs, cBoAuBIyWCa Kb HeNOsHOH, 
sIpabia, HO BCe xe Kb Halionaxusanin seMeib, YTOOH BMOIHS ACHO 
TIPeACTABUT ce6b, HAaCKOJbRO UPOHSBOAbHAa HW HAaTAHYTa MoA0bHaa xa- 
partepacraza. Ho no cymecrBy HeMHOTHMS MeHbe MIPOHSBOAbHa H 
- OOMaa xapakTepucTuEa, JapaemMag r. IlonpoBckuM, BCeMY ABHReHID 
Rekaopucrows, BH caMoe MOsBIeHie eX MOKeTS ONTL OOBACHEHO AHUIb 
TBM, ITO ABTOPh, 8a0HBh OCHOBHHA MpaBHAA MCTOPH4eCKArO HBCHb- 
AOBaHIA, -pasOupalh Wak AekaOpHcTORS, Kak A WAAHH Coepakceraro, 
BH ycroBii MBcTa H BpeMeHH, CTapadcCh He CTOIbKO BCKPHTb Bb 
HX, CROAbKO HAaNOHHTh Ha HAXDS BOSMOMHO Oorbe ABCTBEHHEL OTHe- 
14* 





212 HOBHA KHHIE. 


WATOKE KIACCOBHXS HETepeCcoBS. HM ero crpemaenie xb cBOerO poms 
pasBbHiaHiW AekabpHacToBL yBaAeKkaeTt Vr. [lOKpOBcKaro TAagt A@sCKO, 
GTO OBS Jame BB pasckash O cABACTBIH Hab HHMH X0 YpeaMBpHo- 
CTH CrymaeTh EpackH H AOMYCKkaeTS cepbesHHa HeTOWHOcTH. Hep beruo, 
¥TO OOALMIBHCTBO ACKAOPHCTOBE Ha AOUPOCaXb AQBadH pesBHIAsHO 
OTKEPOBeHAHA oKasania. I’. [loxposckift UpHHchBaecTS TaKoe NOBe- 
Nenie BCbME jAeCKAOPHCTAaMB H EBAAHQHDONPYCTB CLO CAMHS pbs- 
KHMB OOpasoms. Topopa 0 AONUpOcaxt, kakie IPOHSBOAHIB AeKabpa- 
cTaMb camt Huxoszaft, r. Doxposceifi sawbaaers: «kameTca, HHETO 
He CYMBAE ylTaH H8b eTO IBIEHXE PYKb, He JaBIH OMY OTKPOBEH- 
HHXE Upusuanif, uckapuas pasBh JlyHuna>». Yue na crbayomel 
CTpaHAnsh emy UpHXo_HTCA UpH6aBHTS KD JlyHuHY SIKYMIKHHA, HO STO 
HHCKOADKO He MBIUACTH OMY Cle Yepesb TPH CTPaHHI HallHcaTb- 
<OLHUMB CAOBOM, AeKAOPHCTH BO BpeMA AOSHAHIA Cb TOAOBOH NOBH- 
aBain APyrh Apyra H UPOSBHAH CAHIIKOME Maaz0 caMoH upocrof 4e- 
JOBBYHOCTH B -LOpsxouHocTH. Hsb scbx noKasanifi BHBIAWTCa AMDB 
orBbrn Ilecreaa> (180, 131, 184). Ka Jlyauny, Axymuny a Ie- 
crea Yr. Llokposcriff Morb 6 npHOaBaTh eme PoseHa a HBEOTOPHXS 
IPyruxb AekaOpHcroBh, HO TOrAa H806pamaeMad HM KapTHHa oTe- 
paia OH TY OJHOTOHHOCTH, KOTOPad TAKS COOTBETCTBYCTE HCKYCCTBEH- 
HOH yUpOMeHHOCTH ero HCTOpHuecKOn cxemMH. Bb KOHeGHOMD HTOrs 
8T@ YIPOMCHHOCTh CX@MBI, Bb. KOTOPYO ABTOPh HACHAIBCTBEHHO BTH- 
CKHBSCTh HCTOPHYCCKIA COONTIA, H COOTBBICTByRMad ef MOHOTOH- 
HOCTh Hs806pameHiad Bb BEChMa SHAYATCABHOH wbpb obesbHHBAwTS 
craTbH r. Iloxposckaro. 

Bb sTOMb NOCIBAHEMS OTHOMeHIA NOIHYO BHAA0TIW Cb HUMH Ipen- 
CTaBIAWTS cTatTby Tr. PomgosBa. Ho ecau craTba Yr. [oxposckaro sce 
He BHTOAHO BHABIAWTCH CBOHMb RHBHMS HSIORCHICMS H AAWTS 
BAYMYBBOMY UHTATeIN OoAbWOH Marepiarb, Oazarofaps SHAMOMCTBY Cb 
KOTOPHIMB OH MORCTS WOpok yOepeibca OTS HBKOTOPHXS ysxreqenifi 
aBTOpa, TO CTaTbH T. PomkOBa CBOOOAHH! H OTb STHXS AOCTOHHCTB®. 
BaxO H CKYWHO HaNBCaHHHA, OBIHHA PakTHYCCKHMH CBBABHIAME, HO 
TNepeHOsHeCHAHA MAO OOOCHOBAaHHHMH Upe_uoromenHiama, oHB pex- 
CTAaBIAWTE CO60W mabsOHHOe PasBHTie MAPECHCTCKOM CXeMH SBONDUIB 
pycckaro Hapogzwaro xossiicTBa, pH YeMb aBTOPh HAANWCTPAPyeTsL CBOE 
HB310KeHI€ CAUHHIBHMH NIPAMbpaMu, UPOBSBOAbHO BHOpPAaHHHMA H 3a- 
RIOVNOUMMH BR ceOb BecbMa MaJO yOBAHTeSSHOCTH. 

Vino xapaxtep umber ctatha r. HKusegetrepa, nocBalennas 
BHYTpeHHeH NoznTAKB Hnkostaesckaro napcTBoBania. Bp oto craThb 
ONATh-TAaKH COOpak®D Gospmio# u uaTepecHwWH Matepiarb. Bb HcnHOm- 
SOBQHIH Ke ETO aBTOPh NOMeIb NYTeEMb, COBCPMeHHO MpPOTHBONOLOR- 
HIM TOMY, KakoH usOpais pig ceOa r. [loxposcsifi, HO Bb CBOW 
OuepeAL C0Ba-iH NpaBHAbHHMS. Ecan r. Toxpesceifi crpemarcs «EB 
qepesuypb YOpomenHoMy OOBACHeHIW HCTOpH4ecKaro Upomxaro, To 
r. Kusepetrepb He CTOXbKO OOBACHACTS aTO MpoMs0e, CKOABEO KDPH- 
THKYeTb ero. HapssaBh upaBpaTeabcTBy Hanojag. I MucaH O «<paspb- 








HOBHIA KHara. 213 


MICHiM KPYNHLXS TOCyAaPCTBCHHHXD MpoOscMh», 0 <OATOTOBES comi- 
@IbHHXE Wpec6pasonanifi» H Jae 0 «BHIOAHCHIH BHCTABACHHONM Ae- 
KaOpHCTaMA IporpaMMnl Upeoc6pasonanifi», onD saTbu BechbMa yOb- 
AUNTCABHO JOKASHBAeT, ITO BCH OTH 3A089H He MOFAH OHITS BHIMOI- 
HeCHH OPH MOMODMH OxHOrO OmpoKpaTAecKaro MexaHHSMa, Gest corbi- 
CrBid <QOMCCTBOHHHXS CHIb». BpemenaMu, OfHaKO, fr. Kusesetreph 
Camb DpPOrOBapABaeTca, ITO M0 CyMIeCTBY HA IpaBaTeascTBo HuKozas I, 
HH caMb Hukotai HHEOTAa cepbesHO He TOMHNMASAH 0 MpoBexeHix 
Bb PYCCKYH HSHb EAaKHXS-4HOO KPYNHNXS mpecdpasopanili, Bcero 
MeHbe—rpeoOpasoBabill CONiaILHHX, H YHTATOIN OCTACTCA TOXbKO 
MOKaXBTL, ITO HCTOPHES He OTAHYHAD Oorbe TWHATeIbHO CAOBL OTS 
hla H TPATHIh CHAN HA AOKASATeABCTBO GesclopHHxs mwoszomeHitt 
BMBCTO TOTO, FTOOH AaTb aHaaH8b HCTOPHYeCKAarO Mpomaro. Jo Hb- 
KOTOpOH cTeneHH Ta RC TeCHACHIIA CKABHIBACTCA H BB CTaTBB r. bo- 
TOCAOBCKAL0 0 rOCyAapCTBCHHHIXS EPCCThAHAXD Up# Huxozasb I. ABropt 
AaeTh BL oTOH ‘cTaThb BecbMa oOcTosTembHoe maXOmeHie pedopMs, 
IpOHsBeAeHHHXt Hukoxaemb Bb AbIB yupaBseHia TocyjapcTBeHHH MH 
KPCCTBAHAMH, HO CP@aBHHTeIbHO MANO TOBOPHTS O AH3HH CaMAXS 
RPCCTHAH. 

CopepyfenHo OcoOHaKOM®S cTosTb BB «McTopix Poccin BB XIX 
Bhsb» craTbH, JOCBAeHHHA HCTOPid OKPaHHHHX> nposuanift. Boxb- 
Mad cTatba r. JleHCKaro, HallacanHad OFeHb ABO HW HMHTepecHo, 
AJaeTS YATATeIW APKYH Bw YMBAO us0OpameHHYH KapTuny MomBcKok 
XH8HH BE TeWHie Tpextb NepBHXd AecaTurbTit XIX shea. Crates r. 
Jlanyepa, TpagTypmaa 0 Iipnbartifickom kpab, coxepmuTB BB ce6b 
HeMaio BHHHIXDS CBBABHIK, HO IPH STOMB cTpalaeTh Epainell cy- 
XOCTbD H CXCMATHIHOCTDN H8l0meHia. PHAHIAHTIH pPeAARTOPH KHATH 
He NOCBATHAH OCO6oH cTaTbH H 06% STOMS HeALSA He NOMAMBTb, Tak’ 
Kakb OxarolapsA asToMy ucTOpia oTEOMeHifi meazy Pocciefi a PunsaH- 
Rieti Bb Depsot nox0BHHB XIX Bbka octaetca HeocBbmenHoh Als 
"WHTAaTeLA. : 

Uto kacaetca crate, roBopsmiaxb o6b ymcTBeHHOH KyAbTyps 
Pocciu, To craTba r. Bopo3sqaHa—o pycCKAXb YHHBeEpPCcuTeTaxb 4H TL. 
CaxyxmHa—o auTepatyps, He 6yzyin cBOOONHH OTB 4aCcTHNXb M0- 
rpbmnoctett, Bb oOnlemS OTBBIaWTS cBoell sagayb. Mnoe upaxoqutca 
kasaTb 0 cTaTbb r. AHHYKOBa, HOCaMeH HasBaHie «Quepasa [lyum- 
KHHCKAarO Hepioga». Korza aBTopb oTOro «O¥epka» TOBOPATS 0 dak- 
TAaXb, OHS cOOOMACTS GHTATeAW COBCPMeHHO HOBHA H YAUBHTCADHHIA 
cBbybHia, Bpoxb TOTO, ITO EH. Basemckifi UpHHagsemarh BB «1Hel- 
cCkoMy Epyaky Ilymeana» (406) wan aro BD 1834 Fr. «BsambHB «Cb- 
BepHo Ilyexn» BysrapaHa u ['peya posaukiza «Bua6xioreka Aa ITe- 
Hia> mob pexagmiefi I'pera» (437). Ho soo6me bs PakTams Tr. AWBY- 
KOBS CHYCKACTCA HEOXOTHO H UpeAnowTaers mpeOwBaTh BB chepb 
OOMEXE pascymeHifi, MpeACTABAXWMAXS coOoW BB ero ABIOReHIn 
HOIpepHBHHA 3BOHS TpOMEHXS CXOBb, HCTHHHOe 3HayeHie KOTOPHXS 
€XBa-1H BIOAHS NOHATHO AAA caMOTO aBTOpa H BO BCAKOMB cay4as 


214 HOBHA KBEIS. 


OCTACTCA 3aPakOUHLIM® AAS WATaTeis. MOMHO OTS AYIA ‘N0Ome1aTh, 
qTOOH CXbAywoutie BHIOycEH «Mctopix Poccin sb XIX Bheb> He yxpa- 
IMAaXHCh NOAOOHHMH CTaTbaMH. Kb sTOMy MOMHO OLAO OH IpHCOeAH- 
HETb H Apyroe nomeranie, KOTOPOe, UPABAS, TPyAHbe OCyMeCTBATL,— 
—UTOOH pexagnis KHHTH BOOOMe cb OOILIIHME BHEMAHICME OTHECEACh 
Kb GHTATCAW H, NOsaSOTHBIIHCh O BOSMORHOMS COrszacOBaHin OTABIL- 
HHXS yacTe cBOerO HBfaHid, BMBCTB Cb THMS MOCTapasach OCAAOHTS 
OTAHFANMMYW ero Tellepb YSKYH TeHACHIOSHOCTS. 

Hams OCTaeTCR YOOMAHYTb, ITO Kb HBAAHID PHAOREHB psXb 
IIpeKpacHO HCHOAHCHEHIXD CHHMKOBS Cb MOPTPeTOBS pasIHYHHXB HC- 
TOPHICCKHXD AbaTereH. Thumb He MeHbe BHA ABAaBIS—Bb OTHBIL- 
HOH mposaxb | p. 35 &. BHITycKD BE 80 cCTpaHHEt—JOBOIbHO BH- 
COKa. 


M. Jlenxe. Huxosacsexic maHsapul HN ANTepatypa 1826— 1855 rr. 


Tlo n0q2HHHHMD Whuams Tpetbaro Orgbacnia C. E. H. B. Kannesspin. Cy 
7 noptrpetamu Cu6. 1906. XV-+614 crp. Il. 8 p. 50 x. 


Kasra r. Jemke ABHAach DA0J0Mb DOAyTOparoxwaHok paGoTH aB- 
TOpa Bb apxHBh sHaMenataro aAbRorga Tpetbaro Orybaenia. Bs 
ROHS 1904 roxar. Jlemke yAax0Cb NOAYIHTh paspbmenie Ha sanAaTia 
Bb STOM apXHBp, AO TOTO HarayXO SaKPHTOMD AIA uecrbsopaTerell, 
H, BOCHOILS0BaBINHCh AQHHHME paspboeHiemh, OHb Hallexyb Bb OT-- 
KPHBIUHXCa Depexb HUME CTapHXxb WbAaxXb MHOTO HOBHIXE H~. HHTe- 
POCHHXS AOKYMCHTOBD, APKO OOpHCOBHBAaWMAXE OTHOMeHiA MpaBHE- 
TeabcTsa Huko1as I 4, Bb WaCTHOCTH, TpeTbATO OTABACHIA HMMEpPaTOp— 
cxofi KaHlesapi4, BbxAaBMaro Ahaa Taflno# NoanDin, BB pyccEoH IH- 
TepaTypb. Haura r. Jlemke BL CyMHOCTH H UpexcraBiseTh co6on- 
COOPHHED STHXS AOQKYMCHTOBL Cb puH6aBzeHiemt HBKOTOparO ewar- 
‘Haro maTepiaza. Menbe Bcero 08a MORETE UpeTeHAOBATh Ha SHadeHie 
HCTOPHYeCKarO usCabsOBaHig. Ilo Becht mpiemamws cBoet paboTm 
r. JleMKe Kakb HEAbSA JaAbWe CTOHTS OTb HCTOPHEa. Ob HE CHCTE- 
MATHSHPyeTS H He H3cabsyerh ‘Haxojamifica Bb ero pacnuopaxenin 
MaTepiadh, a CTPeMHTCA AHDIL BOsMORHO Gorbe noxpobHO Bocipous- 
BecTH €FO Bb MeYaTH, HE OTAHYAA BAKHALO OTS HeBAaHALO, He BHI- 
Whidsd CyMecTBeHHaro OTE MeroyeH, Opoma axe .0Opameniamu 4# 
NOMUHCSMH Bb MHCbMaXb, TaKb EARS OHH, HO CFO MBBHID, «HHOT ZS 
_aymme coxepmanin AawTb BOSMOMHOCTh CYAHTb 06% OTHOMCHIAXS 
TbXb HIH HHEXS AMIS». COOTBBTCTBEHHO STOMY OHS AaeTh BB CBOeH 
KHHrS OOCTOSTCABHLIH Depeckasb OTHOCAIIMXCA KB CFO TeMB apxHB- 
HHXB H NewaTHbLXb JOKYMOHTOBD, pachosarad AX Bb XPOHOAOTHGe- 
CKOM NIOPAXKRB A TMATeIbHO COXPaHAA Bb HHXD BCS NOAIHCH BPO. 
cabaywurek: «cb rayOOKHML BHCOKONOUATaHIeMS H COBeEPMeCHHOW npe- 
JaHHOCThH YecTh UNS OTS, MUAOCTHBHH Tocylapb, Baulero cisTexb- 
CTBa BCENOKOpPHBAMEMDS Ciyrow». Bb sTOTh Wepeckasb aBTOps BCTa- 
BHAb, UpaBla, HeMaxO CBOBRXS 3aMbiadifi, HO, NOCKOJBEY Takia 3a- 
mbqaanHid He ClyYKaTb UPOCTOW CBA8bH MERAY OTABALHHIMH AOKYMEH- 





HUBHIA KHBTH. 215 


TaMH, OHH MOH OH 6e85 BCAKAaTO ymep6a aa KHHIH ONTE BHODO- 
HICHH H8b HeS, TAK Kab Bb TPOMANHOME OOABIIBHCTBB CAYYAeBD 
OHH He cOsepxatT. BB ce6b HAaWeTO, EPOMB Aemenoh MOpalH A Jle- 
mesaro xe Waeca, CHOcOOHHXS HE CTOALKO TPOHYTb, CKOIBEO pasjo- 
CafOBaTb WATAaTeA’d H BO BCAKOMS cayyab AMYeTO HE JaWMHXb eMy 
Aas Oorbe scHaro DOHHMaHia ThXb PakTOBS, 0 KAKHXS TPakTyeTh 
aBTOpb. Bb KOHEYHOMS HTOIS BCA BHA EHHTH YL. JleMKe CBOXHTCH 
HCKAWYATCABHO KS COOpaHHOMY Bb He CHPOMY MaTepiaazy, upeycTa- 
BIsWOeMy, ASHCTBHTeCADHO, GOAbMIOH MHTepech JAA ucTOpia pyccKok 
AHTepaTypH H pyccKoH OOmlecTBeHHOCTH BO BTOPOH yeTBepTH XIX BBE. © 

OTOTh MaTepialb Bb KHHTS rf. Jlemke pacipexbrenb Bb WectTH 
cTaTbaxb. IlepBad #4 CaMad O603b1aa 485 HHXE UpPelCTaBIAeTS CBO- 
ero powa WoroxHyH XbTOUHCh oTHOMeHI# Tpersasro Orybsenia kb An- 
TepaTypB cB 1825 no 1826 r. Hse oro xbronucH aBTOp BHSABES, 
BUpOWeMS, HBCKOABEO SIHB0L0B'b, OOpaboTaHHHXb HMb Bb oTKbit- 
HHXb cTaTbaxb. Takis ocoOna ctaTbH NOCcBAMeHH uM’ Byasrapuny, 
Hayexyzuuy w YWaaxaeny, OrHOmeHiAMS HakosaeBCKaroO UpaBHTeIbCTBAa 
RB Ilymrany («Mygu Beankaro nosta»), eH. IJ. B. Jloaropyrosy u 
Ms. Toxopany. Usp oraxt crate cratba o Ilymanns apasetca 
ZHIUb CBOJKOW yO HSBKCTHHXS BB DeyaTa cBbrbHif. Bo Bcbxp 
OCT@AbHHXD CTAThAX) BHIHOC MBCTO 3aHHMACTS APXHBHHNH MaTepiars 
H WHTaTe’p HAaHIeCTS BL HHXD MHOTO HOBLIXS H ANOOUNTHNXS CBbrbHIH, 
XOTH BCTPBIHTS H MHOTO XHDIHAXD MeazOyeH, Ges; HYRIN 8arpomomsa- 
OMMXE HBxOmeHie aBTopa. [locrbawee, KB CAOBY CkasaTb, MOFZO ON 
MHOTO BHEIpatb, CCI Obl CaM ABTOPb HBCKOXBEO COSHATCABHBE OTHO- 
CHicd KB cBoeit poun coOupateza MaTepiax0Bb H He DNTalca o610- 
KaTb ceOa Bb HENOCHIbHWE Aid HELO JOCIBXH MCTOPHKA. 

Kt cBoef kHurb r. JleMke UPHAOHAIS NOPTPeTH ABYXb Hawasb- 
HHKOBD TpeTbaro OTxbaenia — rp. A. X. Benkengzopda u gH. A. @. 
Opx0Ba, HX DOMOMHHEOBE—M. AH. dont-Pora u J. B. Ty6easta u 
TpeXb AuTepaTopost H#kOAaeBCKOH SOX, COCTOABIIHXS BB Oanmai- 
WHXb OTHOMeHIAxh cb TpeTbamMb Orts’bieniems,—A. HW. Toacroro, 
H. UW. Tpeya a 0. B. Byasrapaua. 


Hapnwnckii, M. B. Apxanreabckaa CCH. Brrosnie ovepKH Hab 
HCTOPiH AapXAHTeJbCKOH UONHTHYeCKOA CCHIAKH, Cb 23 CHHMEAMH H HoTOrpa- 
@HICCKHMH rpynuamMH Bb TexcTs. Haganie Bropoe. Cu6. 1908. Ina 60 kon. 


Kuura r. UxbHackaro HaNOMHH@eTb OTYACTH H8BECTHYH KHATY 
A. Kenana «Cu6upp». Jpyroe mbero, Apyroe BpeMs, Apyria ycarosiag, 
HO CYTb BCe Ta Ke: MCCTh H IPOHSBEXb, Ch OMHOH CYOPOHH, SOesmpasie 
H cTpawanie—cb Apyrok. 

YacThW 10 JHGHOMY, MeYIbHOMY OTY, YaCTbW Ha OCHOBaHIA 
APYTHXE MaTepiadOBb aBTOPbh pPHCyeTh MHBYIO H, MORHO CkasaTh, 
HCYePONBaWMyN KAapTHHY WOAMTHYeCKOH cCHAKH BB ApxaHresbcKoi 
ry6epHig Bb NepBNXh rosaxb HacToanlaro croxbria. Tamera a He- 


216 HOBHA KNW. 


Upuradgua oTa KapTHHa. Cyposma yososia chpepsot upapogy yAR- 
BHTCALHO TAaPMOHEPYATE Cb TBM Gesipabiews, KOTOPO® NOLOMCHO BS 
OCHOBY «Nos0xeHia 0 NoxHeRcCKOMS Hagsopb». ['pomaggoe mpocrpas- 
cTso ryGepHia, YT He BB AB&a pasa peBhimanme* wToRepxHOCTS 
@paniin, H YBeAHWeHIe CYPOBOCTH EAHMaTa 10 HalpaBreHin KB ch- 
Bepy AaWTb Bb PYEH APXaHTeACKATO HAYAXbCTBA WIHPOKYN BOsMOX- 
HOCTh NOAbSOBATLCH 9THMH APHPOAHHMH AapaMH AIA ycaxeHia pempec- 
cil 10 OTHOMeHIM Kb CTPONTHBHMS <«IIPCCTYNHHEAMS». CpaBHHTezbHO 
CHOCHHS YCAOBIA CCHAKH Bb CaMOM® ryGepHCKOMS Topoxb MOTYTS OHITS 
<MaHiOME PYKH» NepeMBHOHH Ha MATL, Hallp., BB ropoxb Koxb, rxb 
CpeXHAA TeMIepaTypa XBTHHXD MBCATeCBE He MpeBiMaeTs + 10,2° & 
rxb sHMOR ABa cb O0J0BHHOH MmBcaNa TAHeETCH HOW, a YSTOMS 
CTOABKO HC BPOMCHH COXHTE HO CXOABTS Cb ropusonTa. Bawawrs, 
BUIPOIM, CAYIAH, KOTAA «paBHOAyWIHAaAd OPHPONa» CTAaBATS H UperbIw 
wepesayph ycepAHOMy psBeHim HayasbcrBa. Tags r. Uxsnncrift yno- 
MHHACTS 0 Cxyyab, KOrMa TySepHaTOph pPachopsAHACH BHCAATS OAHOTO 
NOXHTHYeCKAaTO BE TakoOe cexzeHie [lewpckaro kpaa, Kyxa HHEAKS 
Nexbsa ObL0 UpobxaTt, H ACUpPaBHHEY Ha COOCTBOHHHM )pHCKD # 
CTPpaxh IPHMAOCCh OCTABHTD <IIpPeCTYNHAKA» BL YBSAHOMS Topo. 

ABTOP OCHSAOBATEABHO OMHCHBACTS CCHLAKY BG XOAMOTOpaYs, 
ApxaHressces, Ha Tlomopss, Mypmanzb, eb Koxb, Oners, Dlenrypcrs, 
BE Ifeqopcroms xpaw 4 Bb Jlanerb. «Tepoept» Maxo BD KHETS, HO 
HHBSHb «TOSI» PHCyeTCA DOLpobHoO. TnTateib BHHOCHTS NOAHOe Iper- 
cTaBseHie 0 BCeMb yaxacb GesipaBHkaro CYMeCTBOBaHiA NOAHTHICCKEXS 
BB HCNPHTAS(HHX UYCTHHAXD «chbeepa AMKArO». 


ee 


HoBHA KHIM, NOCTYNMBIIA Bb pesakdin. 


(SHayautiaca Bb 3TOMb CHNCKS KHHIM MPMCHIAaIOTCA asTOpaMA H H314TCASME 58> 

Sb OAHOMD SKSeMMANPS H Bb KOHTOPS MypHana ME NpODarOMCA. 

PaBHbiMb O6pa30Mb KOHTOpa He NPHHHMZeTD Ha ce6a KomMuCcCciu No npio6ptre- 
Hit0 STHXD KHEID Bb KHHMHNIXD MarasHHaXxd). 


Misa. M. B. Ilupoxkosa. Cn6. 1908. 1) 
4. If. Wlanoes. Comnenia. T. Dl. LU. 
3 p.—2) X. Mepeacnoecnit. Bhansie 
cuyTaukn. 3-e waa. Li. 50 x. — 3) Keo 
ace. He mupd, HO megn. Il. 1 p. 50 k. 

W3a. T-sa ,O6umects. Toapssi*. Cn6. 
1908. 1) M. H. Spudmans. Cospe- 
MCHHbIC KOCBEHHBIC HaNOrH Ha NpeAMeTHI 
poTpeoaenin. T. 1. OU. 3 p.—2) Mncpma 
K. Mapkca, Op. Sareanca w Ap. kb ®. 

re # ap. Ilep. cb abu. I. Kotaapa 
wu M. Ilannga nog» pen. Il. Axceabpoaa. 
Li. 2 p.—3) IZ. uz20#%008. Bropaa 
iyma. [ly6anuuctayeckas xXpoHnxa. 


1907. Ul. 1 p. 50 «.—4) BB. oe- 
poiweUnd. Zara COBPeMeHHOA HHTeR- 
wnrenuin. LI. 25 x.— 

Asn, >. [Masaenxosa. 1907 — 1908 rr. 


1) ZT. Pepe. 1Kusup cospemenuaro a6- 
pusuaro pa6ouaro (Bb l'epmanin). [lep. 
. Bepurrefina. LI. 1 p. — 2) @p. Du- 


2erecd. IIpoucxoxgenie cembu, co6ct- 
BeHHOCTH mM rocynapcTBa, TozHHA 2 
Boab M. IT. loamwuna.— 8) ZZ. . 
capecs. Couwmenia. 

Kb WeCTH TOMAMb BEI YC. I. 35 «.— 
4) B. Tynneeuws, Hayka 0 Xn3an. 
O6wenocr. mu3iozoria yexoBb«a. LI. | p. 


™- 








HOBHIA 


25 «.—d) BK. Ssamaptons. Odue- 
moct. actponomia: [lep. B. Yepxacost. 
Ll. 70 x.—6) B. Hyssneouss. Seman. 
Ij. 14 «.—7) Eeo ane. Kusnb Bd kan- 
ah& pon. LI. 8 x.—8) Evo ace. Buqn- 
SeMAH H Yyneca Mpxpoan. Li. 16 x.—9) 
Ero ace. O6wiecrsetHad %KH3Hb %KHBOT- 
Huixn. LI]. 12 «.—10) Bona. 1.-30 x.— 
11) Heo ace. Tafiru u rypapy. Ll. 14 x.— 
12) Eeo oe, Cpean cutropp x Bbunaro 
abga. U. 24 «.— 

Misa. T-pa HW. 2%Cerrana. M. 1908. 


1) Bac. Hemupoeuus-Tansenno.. 


pesa. Ll. 1 p.—2) M. H. Tepnems. 
YroaosHoe npaso ux coniasusmb. C6op- 
HHKD ctaref. LI]. 1 p—3) 7. B. Ao- 
som. Broakernan 4 NomaTHad NOAHTH- 
xa Pocciu. Ll. 1 p.—4) IZ. B8acodum- 
entt. Hacabaie shxosp. Mepso6situwe 
HHCTHHKTH! H MXb BHinnie Ha XOAb UH- 
BHaAH3auin. LI. 60 x.—5) H. Py6anuns. 
Ha Heo6utaemoms octposs. Pasckasb 
06% ocTposaxd u G6eperaxn. I. 40 x.— 
6) Cusseio Tesnuno. O6n3saHnocru 
yenosbxa. Mep. 3. 3unossesol. LI. 30 x.— 
7) M. I. I[pazcomanoes. Toautngye- 
ckia counHenia. Ilonb pea. npod. WH. M. 
Tpesca n 6. A. Kactaxoscxaro. T. 1. 

eCHTPpb H OKpaHHBI. Il. 2 p. 50 «.—8) 
A. H6ronoecntt. Pascxasn. Li. 75 x. 

Misa. A. H. Sapyauaro. Cn6. 1908. 1) 
B. Topzawees. orpe6utenbusia o6- 
mectsa Ha Sanant. II. 30 x.—2) Bepo- 
moes. Crpanb! cBO6OaHHIXD semenn. LI, 
50 x.—3) Zyu Wpoans. Bocnuranie 
_ W camoy6iftcrso xbreft. fMenxosornyeckift 
H cowionornyecki#t stiogb. I]. 1 p.—4) 
#f. Tannons. Aiwo-xuoy. Crcrema 
cusugeckaro pa3ssuTia aTAeTAKH y ANOB- 
ueBD. LI 20 x.— 5) Ba. Ad. 
Cnundeps. Iporoesponeent H mporto- 
apiexp. Teorornyeckif#t’§ nepionb ux>d 
HcTopin. 

Visa. r-Ba M. O. Boand. Cn6, 1908 r. 
1) BE. Tapae. Manenie a6conmornsma Bb 
3an. Espons. Yacrb l-a, LI. 1 p. 50 x.— 
2) Eee. Byd@de. Hpascrsennan auy- 
HOCTS CHIIHHbI NpH coBp. o6mects. 
ctpos. Ll. 80 «.—3) B. WMlusnesuss. 
Byayuee wenosbuectBa Ch TOUKH 3pb- 
Hin HaTypanucta. LI. 30 x. 

Maa. M. H. Cabnoosoft. Kuna 3a 
xuuxKon. Cn6. 1908 r. Cepia naran 
(uu. 141—160) nocrynuau Bb nponaxy: 
41. [bru Pesex«u. I]. 10 x.—142. Do- 
pecmpe. Kantxa. LI. 10 x.—143. Hed- 


aay. Monorbroxs. I]. 5 «.—144. Wa- Cn 


mptans. Uctopia osHoro KpecThanHHa. 
LU. 15 «.—145. Mamptansa. Pexpyts 
1813 r. Ll. 10 x —146. Wamptans. 
Tepesa. Ll. 12 x.—147. pu uapB Anex- 
cbB Maxatnosnyt. Lf. 15 x.—148. Me- 
*ypuna. Kouta. I]. 8 x.—1l49. A. OC. 


KHHIH. 217 


Bectan o semnt un He6b. IL. 20 x.— 150. 
H. Spanxo. Y oxaa. Il. 8 x.—151. 
Cnumakp. LE. 15 «.—152. B. TLooso. 
Boscmacuit pa6és. U. 15 x. — 153. 
A. Mods. Heo6symannna nocry nok. 
Ul. 8 x«.—154. MW. Caronyoea. 3auuta 
musan. Ll. 8 x.—155. M. Cannyoea. 
Mopckia yyneca. I]. 8 «.—156. Kons. 
O6mectBo karbroxy. I]. 6 «x.—157. M. 
Caronyoea. 3a 30n0Toms no Amypy. 
U. 7 x.—158. O. Mlpetineps. llerpt 
Xoupkers. I]. 7 -x.—159. Fyep. UL. 13 &.— 
160. [yenty. UL. 13 «.—,fna maan- 
WWHXb“ KHHKKa Nepsaro Bospacta. II. 

K. 

Visa. ,Knsae*. Cn6. 1908. 4. 7 
TopuGesods. Kuurnh wu moan. I. JIu- 
TepatypHbia Gecban. []. 1 p. 25 x. 

Bu6n. ,Cabrogs*. C. M. Cmen- 
281b-Bpaecuunconitt. Co6pasie coun- 
HeHif. Uacts V. Scku3el wn cHaystpl. LI. 
1 p. Cn6. 1908. 

Hi3n. Toposatoscxaro un YapymanKo- 
Ba. Brropycoss. Bh crapom> AomMB. 
Pascxasni. Bocnomunanis. Pasmiuuenia. 
Lt. 1 p. M. 1908. 

B. Madvweenentt. Cruxu. . Cn6. 
1908. If. 1 p. 

A, JIynoantoes. Cruxu. Cn6. 1908. 


. 1p. 

Tabpisae 0 Annynyto. Ppanue- 
ckn na Pumnun. Mep. cb ntanpanckaro. 
B. Kopsyxngoft. Cn6. 1908. II. 2 p. 

VHi3zn. T-so0 Tpocstwmenie. He. AHr- 
weyrd. Kakb a@HrHvane KPHTHKYIOTD 
cBou pacxoam. [Ipeauca. M. M. Kosa- 
nesckaro, 2-e ugg. On6. LU. 1 p. 25 x. 

A. H. Hpoweeuys. OwepKxu skox0- 
MHUeCKOH WKH3HH 10ro-SaNagqHaro Kpaa. 
Buin. I. Kb ocabuienito xyropcKaro Bo- 
npoca. Kies. 1908. LI. 35 x. 

Bu6n, Camoo6pasosaria. Man. Bpok- 
raysb-Sponp. M. A. KBypuuncnti. 
Myxuuunanpypift comianu3M>b MH pasButie 
ropoackoh »xHsHH. Cn6. 1907. 

Ceepyxs. Teopia penta: K. Mapk- 
ir JlonyaapHoe usnoxenie. Cn6. 1908. 
K 


Man. T-sa ,3nanie*. Cn6. 1907 — 
1908 r. I. no 1 xpi 3a Tomb. C6OpHHK>. 
Kuurv XVIII wu XIX..—H. Fapuses. Pas- 
ckasnl. Toma V.—M. Topesité. Pas- 
cxa3bI. T. I. lecatoe u3sn.—H. Teae- 
woes. Pascxasnl. T. Il. Cen. Weune- 
euss. Pasckaspt H mbecnh. T. V.— 
Temenan 6uGnioreka 1T-Ba ,3HaHie*. 


M. Topoxth: Ttcua 0 coxonb. LI. 
2 x.- Uenopbxs. I. 2 xk. — Makapd 
Yyapa. I. 3 «.—O unxsb, koTopnit 
iraib, uO Jlatab, mo6nterb HCTHHDI. 
I]. 2 x.—Emeasand Onan. LU. 3 x. — 
Atay Apxun>d u Jlensxa. I]. 5 «.—UYes- 


218 HOBHIA 


cau. UU. 7 x.—Crapyxa Hseprnas. LU. 
5 x.—Ongnaxap ocenpio. LI. 3 x.—Molt 
tb. Ll. 6 x.—b10 cb 3acTexKa- 

wn. LI. 3 x.—Ha naotaxs. LI. 3 x.—Bo- 
necb. Ll. 2 x.—Tocka. Li. 10 k.—Kono- 
panoBb. JI. 10 x. — Xawb HM ero CHIHD. 
Ll. 2 x.—Cynpyrn Opsosm. Lf. 12 «.— 
Bupwit sionu. Ll. 12 x.—OG6opnuxt. LI. 
ok. — Tosapnuuu. LI. 4 «.—Bp crenn. 
Il. 3 x.—Maapsa. U. 10 x. — Apmapxa 
Bb YTontst. I. 3 nk. SasyCpHna. LI. 
3 x.—Ckyxn paan. Ll. 5 wx.—Kannbd 
Aprtem». LI. 6 k-Apymn. I. 4 «. -- 
Tipoxonumend. Ll. 7 x. -Kupnaxa. I]. 
3 x.—Bacpka Kpacupit. LL 5 x.- [pan 
ath wecTb vw onna. If. 5 x.—PascKasn 
@uannna Bacnazves. Ll. 5 x.—Tioppma. 
LU. 8 x. Caumaneys: Cruxorsopenia. 
Kuura I. Li. 5 «.— Cruxorsopenia. Kaura II. 
LU. 6 x.—Cxso3s crpoft. LL. 12 k.—3a t- 
pemHofi crbuof. LI. 5 x.—Oxrasa. LL 
12 «.—Pannaa o6baga. LI. 3 x.—TIlone- 
Bom cyap. LL. 5k. AZ. Andpeces: HaG6are. 
LI. 2«.—Asreaouex>. I]. 3 k.— Moauanie. 
1.3 x.—Baaa. LL 8x.—Ha pbxé. LI. 4 x.— 
Bo nogsartb. LI. 3 x.—Detska na aath. 
U. 3 x.—Y oma. LL. S x.— Kuan-Gpian. 
LU. 5 x.—Bb temnyro aan. LL. 4 «.— 
C. Tycees-Open6ypecntd: Omerr. 
Ll. 3. k.—Konoxpagb. U. 2 x.—Muumia. 
I]. 2 x.—Ha poasnny. Il. 4 x.—Cxsosp 
mperpaan. LI. 2 «.—Kaxerunxa. I]. 3 x.— 
Bhaunwh mpnxoas. I. 2 k.—3aof ayxs. 
Ll. 4.«.—2Kaao6a. LI. 5 k. A. Cepagsu- 
moeus3: Bb kaMbiuiaxd. LI. 3 x.—Mecrp. 
LU. 4 x.—Ha apannt. LU. 4 «.—Crennpe 
moan. LL. 5 «x.—Hospo. I]. 3 x.—Cuba- 
mukb. LI. 3 x.- Ha 3asontb. U5 uw — 
Noap semaefh. LI. 6 x.—I[logb yxaons. LL 
3 «x. 4. Bynpunss: Jlosnanie. LL 3 x. 
HI. Terewoes: Ibcus’o tTpexd wHO- 
waxp. I]. 3 «x.—IIporns® o6niaan. LU. 
3 «.—Jlomot. Ll. 30 k.—Xab6n cond. 
I. 3 «x, C. Eanameeecntu: Cnupoxa. 
Ll. 8 x.—-llowanta mens. LI. 2 k-— pa 
CAMHBIMb 3acbaatenemp. Ll. 3 kK. He. 
Bynuns: Cruxorsopenia. I]. 4 «x. 
C. WOwneeuss: Hesunnue. Ll. 4 x.—- 
Yoinua. I. 3 «.—Ka6aiunxa Tefimant. 
I. 7 x.—Espen. I]. 30 x. C. Fycees- 
Open 6ypecntd. B> npuxogs. LI. 12 «. 
Mapnucs u BIneearvcs. KoMMyHHCTH- 
ueckifi MaHHdecr». LI. 12 x. Raymentié. 
Ipdyptex. nporpamma. I]. 12 x. Be6erd. 
Vinteanur. vw couiann3amp. LI. 5 x. Be- 
Gero. TiocrosuH. apmia Hw HaponHaa 
muanuia. LU. 15 kx. Rayment. Unan- 
BHA., KAaCCOBbIe HW OOLUIECTBeHHbIe HHTe- 
pec. Ll. 15x. P. Posands-Toaocms. 
BceoOmaa crayka w coulatb-eMOKparin. 
ll. 70 x. Bandepeecarde. \Ipommuinen- 
Hoe pa3zBntie HW KOANeKTHBH3M®. LI. 70 K. 
wrrs Teds. O6mectBennan cayx6a 


KBHTH. 


H coujanu3Mb. LL. 70 k. Mapues. Ke 
espefickomy sonpocy. LL 10 x. Be6ess. 
TIpodeccion. aswxenie w noaHTRYeckis 
naptis. U. 5 «. Raymentd. Heftrpaan- 
3auia npodeccionaabubixt coi03zoB>. LL 
5 x. HImepnus. Tocynzapcerso 6yazymiaro. 
Il. 5x. Wasenensns. Couianu3m> & pern- 
ria. If. 5 x. Amasanmunyos. Tocyxap- 
crBo 6ynyuuaro. LI. 35 x. Haymentd. Pe- 
BOAIOWOBHEIA NepcnektHBn. Ll. 35 x. Ka- 
ymenii «u Ilenrzanns. Ocrosane 
OpHuNHnb 4 rpeS Bania couiaa b-AeMO- 
Kpatin. I]. 35 x. 9. Peppu. Passurie 
S9KOHOMHMYeCKOe H COllanbHOe. LL 35 x 
@. Mepunes. Teopia u« npaxtaxa map- 
xcusma. Ll. 35 x. Basso. Mpodecci- 
onanbHOe paGoyee aBHxeHie BL Anrais 
I]. 12 &. Oucerdcs. Kb KHAHUIH. BOT- 
pocy. Il. 12 x. Kaymenid. Amepnxan- 
cxif w pyccxif pa6ouif. I] 15 x. Cwa- 
ae. Kyza peserh 3KOHOMMNYeCKOE pa3- 
BuTie. II. 12 x. Bane-Koxrs. Kosoniarb- 
Had NOAMTHKA H COouianb-AemOKpatia. IL 
12 k. LaGapes. ArpapHaa nporpamMa 
U.5«. Baymenid. Couiaau3am> w ceab- 
cxoe a papEel i. 15 x. a sd ¥ 
at apHuifi BONpOCs. K. 
Duedaecs. Crarpa. I]. 12 x. Mapes. 
JiuGepaan y saacru. I]. 8 x. Mapxes ne- 
peab CyYAOMD NpHcaxHBXD. Il. 10K. Mese- 
caraps. Ucropia napwxcxoi KOMMYyHL. 
Ul. 70 «. I. Janne. Untepsauionasys. 
Il. 80 x. Hayaso wbmeuko&# couiarb-xe- 
moxparin. I]. 80 x. Haymcnist. Kapa> 
Mapxc>. I. 80 x. Axapifiun sb Amepact. 
I. 10 x. Tropanns. [louyaapruaa uc- 
Topia napwxckoA komMyHb 1871 r. IL 
10 x. Kaymonit. Draka nH 3KkOHOMBUEC- 
koe noHuManie uctopia. Il. 20 x. Oss- 
meusscnitt. Iipasa Tocynapcrsesxoa jly- 
mb. If. 5 x. Braet pms. O naptt 
AXb H MapTidnocrn. I]. 5 «x. Comoes. 
Cnpasenausnia Hasorn. Il. 12 x. Baed- 
x6opms.Pyccxif umnepiaansM> BD A3ia. 
ll. 8 x. Bretinb6opms. Kanutaansx> u 
ep pefickif sonpocs. Il. 8 x. Baed- 
ieee IlpoexTsr nogoxoqHaro HaAora 
. 8 x. 


Boedans Poeues. Buiab 4 HeGHARHW. 
Acxa6anb. 1907. I]. 50 x. 


Kuuroasa. ,Hosnf Mipp*. Cn6. 1908. 
1) Hapeycs. Kosoniaapnaa NoaHTHKa & 
kpyuienie Kkanutanactuyeckaro cTpos. 
Ilep. E. Fpay. I. 1 p.—2)4. Bepaae- 
wees. 3a npasaon. I. 50 x. 

Asa. ,Opious*’. A. B. Tempuugecs. 
Tpuctra sabre. (1606—1906). H3a_ 2-e. 
Cn6. 1908. If. 50 x. 

Visa. K. Pukkepa. dHenwguna - 
epaus. M. M. Boaxoea. flocrm«e- 
Hie KpacoTsl nyTem> rurienu. Cn6. 1908. 
I. 1 p. 50 k. 











ClyGaHHHNA SAMBTEE. 


E. Apmemvees. Papaons. Icxost. 
1907. I. 5 x. 

Bropoi autepatypHpf c6OpHHK® cu- 
Gupaxosp. Pascka3sw uu cTHXH. Cn6. 
1908. II. 50 x. 

Itt, .Jesans. Hauyarkw matematuku. 
Hep. cp of? NM. Erynosa. Asn. B. Ako- 
BeHKO. 1908. IL 70 x. 

M, Tepwensons. Uctopia wononoh 
Poccin. Mocxsa. 1908. IL. 1 p° 50 x. 

P. Bunneps. Obsuiectsennnia yye- 
Hia H RCTOpuYecKian Teopin XVIII n XIX 
BB. 2-e u3q. M. 1908. If. 1 p. 20 x. 

Ku.-80 ,JlIpometeti*. HW. &. A6pa- 
moeuss. Yenosbxe Gynzymaro. Cn6. 
1908. If. 50 «x. 

Anamonrd Ppancs. Ipnects Pe- 
Hany Ilep. cb mp. Typosott. Cn6. 1908. 


If. K. 

I. C. Hosonaancnid. Tapsunnsu> 
HAH BBuHOe ynpaxnenie. Kpxruxo-dn- 
nocopckin pasMuuinenia. Y,. |. Buapaa. 
1907. I]. 35 x. 


219 


H. Hloanpnoes. Cruxu.M.1908. 1].80«. 

A, @. Paduenno. U3b npomaaro. 
Crnxu. Cn6. 1908. I]. 2 p. 

A, TTeemans. Baenenie 8b 20eKTpo- 
TexuHky. Ilep. cb HbM. nox. H. Bau- 
KOBa Il. p. HEX. JI. yipettep. M. 1908. 
Ij. | p. 60 x. 

M. MHeeuns. Yue6nuks npuporsost- 
abuia. On. 1907. Ll. 1 p. 50 k. 

Oxrvsea Sopwus. Pruapp 43> Hw- 
pen6epra. Kiest. 1908. Il. 75 x. 

He. A6pamoes. Crapoo6paaun Ha 
Btrxt. Cn6. 1907. 

C. Ceupudenno. Tpuaoria. Koasno 
Hu6enyaros> Pux. Barnepa. 2-e asa. Cn6 
1908. If. 60 k. 

Mi3a. Om. Muanna. ycmaes Spen- 
cess. Cpenn anuxapefi. Ilep. cb mbm. 
Cn6. 1908. Il. 1 p. 

Ku-so M. Kosmanns. 2. Matida- 
noes u I. H.. Poi6anoes. Hosnit 
KapMaHHblA 8=6CcnHOBap& «= s HHHOCTPaHHbixb 
crosb.: On. 1908. I]. 75 k. 


4 


Cry vanhia 3aMbTKH. 


“ro me AymaeTh r. Asroes, or. CronpinnHb? Moa sawbrea 
0 «JByXb KAWMHXCA ANTepaTopaxt» (r.r. Usroesb u M. Oureabrapys) 
BHSBala cBoeodpaskhi oTBBTb co cTopoBnH fr. Hsroesa. OTBBTS 
STOTS HamleywaTaHb Bb <Pbun» 5 desppassz. Hau6oabe cymecrBeHHa 
HepBad wacTbh cTaTbH. Ke & UpHBORY AOCCXOBHO, cOXpaHad ame 
CAHINKOME pPBIBTCIbHHA BHpamenin fT. VMsroesa... Bors, 4TO Ob 
numerTs: 


Bb suBapcKOh KHHHKB ,Pycckaro Borarcrsa‘ r. llerpHmesb AO3sBOIHIb 
ce6$6 nO oTHOmeHiO KO MAB nonemuyeckif upiemb, KOTOPHA #2, UPH BCeMB 
HeOKeIAHIH YHOTPeOIATL NOHOCHTEILHNA CUOBA, HC MOry HASBATL HHAYO, KAKb 
nepexeprnuBaniemb. Topops o Moet crathb o []. A. Cronnimnns (,Pycckaa 
Muicab“, 1907 r. NM 12), r. TerpHmest nuwert: ,[Mpapya, no ero (T. e. 00 
moeMy) MHBHiD, ,[1. A. CromumHHS GOoperca 3a HOBLIA cTpofi, oTcTAHBaeCTS 
pedopmy*. ,/Jlaxe noaHTHYeCKie NPOTHBHHKH,—yTBepxacTS Vr. Hsroenh,— HO 
cTaHyTb ocnapmBats y IT. A. CrorHoHHa BLIZaNMWXcd AHYHHXD KAVecTBD<. 
Bb upyroms mbcréb r. letpumest nozTBepxzaers: ,Hu OTKyRa He cubayers, 
gqTo ,lI. A. CromnimHnt Gopetca 3a HOBHA crpoi*. Sto r. Hsroent ust co6- 
CTBCHHArO 1aubna BEIcocath*. Bb qaabHbimems I]. A. CroxwmuHHb sko6On 
OT MOCTO HMCHH Be.1nYaeTca r-Mb IlerTpHueBHMDS ,OopnoMs 38 HOBHIA cTpoh“ 
HM 3TH CHOBA CTABATCA BL KOBWYKH, Kakb NpHHadnexamia MuB. 

Bceb atu BHIBOAN Fr. Metpsimepa LO6KITH HN Npa DONO npocrbimaro 
antepatTypHaro moqnora. Ha camoub 2615, Bb MOeA cTAaTLb BB ,P. Mic“ 


® 


320 CAYUAHBEIA SAMBTER. 


ckasaHo OykBadbHo cxbxywmee. [I[pupeza BLepaKy H3b ApymecrBenHod 
peMbepy HBMCUKOH raseThl, A NADY: 

»ll. A. CromiinuH® Goperca 3a HOBLIA cTrpof, OHS OTCTAHBAeTE pegopMEI. 
Ho crpanHag nonyiaetca Gops6a. logs Capadananifi Gof H NOX alEAOAHC- 
MOHTH BDparosBt (T. ec. upaBhxb. A. H.) paspeprnipamTca mepoKia Hw 3aMauH- 
THBLIA UporpaMMhl OyNyUHxb pepopMs, sarBMb OPOHCXONRTS KAKOM-TO Ma- 
HOBpb, Nopaxerie 6e3b 6oa, oTcTynaenie 6¢3% cpaxeHia, H H8b DpOrpamMMi 
HCICSACTE SHANHTOILHAA JACTL TOPO, ITO HOAABHO Ha HEA Kpacopanocs. Ta- 
KHMB NYTOMb MEI Bb CYMIHOCTA YRC NOAOUAH Kb DOAHOA AWKBHAADIH MAH- 
gecta’ 17 oxra6pa (crp. 149)". Kamerca, usb aToh Spas Ha OAHHD WOOpoco- 
BBCTHHA YAOBSKD HO MOKETS BHBECTH, ITO A COPbesHO OTHONMIYCh KB TOA 
6oph65 3a pedopMns, Koropas 3abcb OnNCHBaeTca. Kaxetcs, AOcTaTouHo AcHO, 
STO Kb HAAHIHOCTH TAKOA OopbOH A OTHOMYch OWeHb CKonTHYeCcKH. Ho r. Ile- 
TpHMeBL DOcTynaeTh OyeHL Upocto. OND orpyOaeTbh DHTATY 20 CXOBB ,HO 
CTpaHHad Doayyaetca Ooph6a*® Hu BuaraerTh MHS BD YCTAa COBGPMeHHO HPOTH- 
BONOAORMHOS TOMY, ITO A TOBOPHAL, BacTaBAAeTh MOHA BUSTS BB II. A. Cro- 
AHNHHS ,6opua 88 HORHA cTpoh*, 218 nymeh yOBUHTeNBHOCTH 8akID Ty Bb 
KOBHYKH 9TH CHOBA, KOTOPHXS HETAB HBTS BS MoeH cTaThS... Camo co6ok 
pasymbeTca, 0 TOMS, ITO TAKE BOsMYTHBMAR Y-Ha [lerpHoesa @pasza Il. A. 
CroIHIHHS OopeTcaA 38 HOBLIA cTpof* upexcTaBaAeT He BHIpaxeHie Moere 
BSrIsaa, & pesiomMe HeENOCpeACTBEHHO Hepead Heh MPONUTHPOBAHHOA Koppec- 
qouyzeunin Rundschau, paspasHhifi NOReMHCTS He OOMOXBHICA HH CAOBOM>S. 
On® ocTanca BBpeHt ce6b 10 KONA... 

Bea ata ab0b DOAAOToBb HyaHa r-Hy Ilerppmesy 218 Toro, ITOOH O6BA- 
HHTb MCHA BD ,CBAaTOBCTBB” Memy Uaprie# HapoqHoh cBoG6ogH H ITI. A. Cro- 
AH DHBHMS, 


Bp jaabHbiiieMb OkASHBaeTCA, ITO Y MCHA ObLIa H Apyrad bb: 
<YA8BHTb, OOAHTHTS BS wsMbHS, Bb <NOYMHBHIH» AYpHaxMcTa Apy- 
roro Aarepa>... Bs xbicTBHTeALHOCTH, pasyMbetcs, He Ta (BAb OBLIa 
v Moe saMBIKH, H HE TOTS y MCHA BHBONS. Jame NOCKOAbKY AbA0 
ERACAAOCh AHUHO I.r. OnTesbrapza H Usroera, MoH BHBOAD OMFS BH- 
paKeHb ClAOBaMH: 


»Hapoxs... OTA BOAHIHHA PaTaAbHO yCKOAbsacTh OT OapcKaro BHEMA- 
Hid, Koryqa 6apHH MOMOHD MAMA ,OCYMCCTBATL TOCyAapcTBeHAyN HATED, 
H Ha Hee GaTatbHo O6pymuBaetca Sapckifi robe. korgza 6apHub DepemEBacrs 
ropeis pasoyaponania. H ecan oHrembrapaosckan ,pepeita*, sByquTB Do- 
OapcKH BHICOMBpHO, TO H HeroeBcKie ,HHSHHEI*, ,yYOiROH ,BOpH’, ,TpadE- 
TOIH*, HAUPABIOHAHe BS NPOcTpaHcTsBo, 6esb cTporo oupexbreHHAaro aypeca, 
8By4aTb, 10 MeHbMeA Mbps, OapcTBeHHO cepyBTO” (cM. cTp. 203 ,Pycck. 
Boratctsa’). 
Tlonyroo mab UpHuszoch oTmbrats, ro r. Usroesh Bb crarsé, 
galevatanHo <Pbaipo» 2 imag 1906 r., xapaxrepnsosars II. A. 
CTOAHIHHA BR TAaKHXS BHPAReHisXh, KOTOPHA PABHOCHIbHN OMHTETY: 
<OpfaHH8aTOph YPHOCOTCHHHIXS BHCTYMACHIH», MERAY ThMb CTAaTbA 
toro me r. Usroesa, HaleyaTauHaa «Pycckow Muwicabp> Bb AeRadps 
1907 r. xapaxrepusyers II. A. CroxbiHna, KARb <OXHOFO H8b HOMHO- 
rHxh TOCY{apCTRCHEHXD AbaTeseh», y KOTOPATO «fame... UPOTHBHMKE 
He CTaHYTS OCHapHBaTb BHAAWIACH AHIHHA KavecTBa>, BH KOTOPHA 
BOOMYMeCBACHS «HCTHHHO-Focy apcTBeHHvit wyeek>. He ochapaBad IpaBa 
r-Ha Vsroepa MBHATD BSTASXH, A CIES HeOOXONHMHIMS HANOMEHTS, 
GTO Bb TARHXS CAYWAasXh, OCOGEHHO CCAM PBIb BACT O YACTO IHY- 





CAYGAREHIA SAMBTEH. 22} 


HHXb XaPakTCPHCTHRAXS, KasasOch ON, CABAYeTS OTOBOPHTb CBOE 
HpemHee MHBHie. 

I. Usroest, Takawb o6pasomh, Bb cTatbb 5 despaza 1908 r. 
WpocTO CEPHAb OTS wTaTeszell «<Pban», ITO MOH CXOBa: «NOYMHSIB>, 
«P&CKASICH» XapaKTeCPHSYWTS HMCHHO STY HEOTOBOPCHAYH H HeMOTH- 
BAPOBaHHYH epembHY eFO BaraAs{OBb HA AHYHHIA kagecTBa I. A. 
CromusHa. A, CEPHBINH 8TO, OHS UpHOaBus <O6anyeHie BE HEMbHb»: 
HHRAROTO <O61nYeHIA BS BSMBH'B», OCHOBAHHATO Ha TOMS, ITO I-HD 
VMsroess AepKHTCH efO HHHSMHHXS BSTIAIOB Ha UpPeACTAaBHuTeas 
BAACTH, Bb MOeH BaMBIKS HBTS. HO AOMYCTHMD, YTO STO IACTHOCTH. 
41 BXb IpHBORy AHIb BL BHA UpaMbpa, onyckas MHOTOe Apyroe, 
CTOIL He He TOYHO MepexaHHoe r. VUsroesims. [xapnoe BCe-Take Bb 
TOMb,—CunTaeTS ©. Usroess uperxcbaateia COBBTa MHHHCTPOBS <6op- 
0M 8& HOBHH cTpoH> HAH He CIHTaeTh? 3b UpHBeseHHALO OTPHBEA 
CFO CTaTbH Kak OYTO ACHO: HBT, HE CUHTACTS, HE CYHTAIb, H ca- 
MHA C1OBa: «<OopeTca 8a HOBHH cTpoii», UpHHawwexaTR He eMY, I-HY 
Usroesy, a XHIIb pesWMUPYHTS KOppechoHAeHMin «Rundschau». 

He cuyutars... [Ipaso, saTpyAHaWCb, KAaRb MATYG BHPAasHTBCS... 
I. Wsroesp 1860 3a6HIB CBOW cTaTbH, A160 BooOme He CUMTAeTS 
ce6a 0683aHHHME TOBOPHTS TOUHO. Jb10 Bb TOMS, 4TO y T-Ha Usroesa 
. Koppecnosjennin Rundschau (w1”, Bbpwbe, nepeneyara’ usp «bupH. 
Bbyomocted>) upeymecrsyeTs bani panb yTBepmyenifi, copepmeHHo 
ACHHIXD, HEIBYCMHICICHHHXS, BIOIHS ONpexbAcHAHXs. Hbkoropnis 
H8b OTHXE YTBepKAeHit—noBropawW, He KOppecnoHAeHTa Rundschau, 
@ camoro r-Ha Usroepa—nosBoan ce6b upHBecTH Aig UpeMbpa (cm. 
«Pyccryw Muicab>, yera6pb 1907): 

Cmp. 131. <Y rsepmyaiu,—rosopuTs r. Usroest,—4T0 CO8HBb BTO- 
po Jlymit Bb HasHayeHHoe BpeMa Ha OCHOBaHin PopMaxbHO HeuSM'B- 
HOHHArO H TOABKO ACIIpPaBICHHAarO COHATCKHMH pasbACHeHiaMu 430H- 
paTelbHaro sakoHa jasca IT. A. CroanmHny He 6e3b cepbesHol OophOn 
C' PeakUiOHHHMH KpyraMH»... «<EcTh HBEOTOPHLA OCHOBAHIA AYMATb, YTO 
Il. A. CromuHnb ne 6e8b 6opp6H ycTYNHXb JOMOFaTeIBCTBaM BO- 
PAHCTBAa, ITO OAH MHHYTH kKOACOaHig, KOTOpHA rposnuH Poccia BBe- 
HeHieM, JHETAaTypH, yTO I]. A. CTOAHINHHD, UPHHABS We BOeCHHO- 
MOXCBHXS CyOBb, Orpaxktaxb Poccim uw nocTh upeschaarers coBbra 
MHHHCTPOBh OTS AHETATORA». ToTaach 8a 9THM'S, Kak NOsTBepsRseHie 
yporayku, r. Usroess npanbaurs WuTary H8b pbun rv. CroxanmaHa BO 
BTopoh JymbB 13 maa 1907 r. 

Cmp. 132. «HHH repowsMb cBoeoOpasHO OCBBTHIB BCH I01H- 
THuecKkyl Uporpammy II. A. Crommuna. Teppopucrn, oTzasmie Ha 
AUTeCK&apCKOMS OCTPOBS CBOW KXA3Hb PAlH TOFO, TOON, YHHITORABS 
OKOIO COTHH cayyaHHO coOpaBmuxca MOgzel, DOpasHTh Mey HAMA K 
II: A. CroxHmHHa, BOSABHTIH eMy UpOWH H KpacuBHit mbeqectalb. 
OHH ToMOrIH OH, OHITh MOMCTL, CMY H BHHTPaTb eFO «Xbx0», eCAHO 
CyIbOH Haposa ABHCTBHTCAbHO 8aBHACbAH OT OTA'BILHHXE AAIVb»... 

Cmp. 187-138. «4065... ROOpaTbca AO CMHICIa BCerO, YTO TBO- 


222 CayYAHHHIA SaMBTRH. 


puTca Cb pocnycea neppo# Jlywsl AO HamMHxs gue, Korza BCH BH- 
AHMHIA HUTH NOAHTHGeCKOH BAACTH COCPeAOTOYHAHCL BD pykaYrs I]. A. 
CTOMHIHHA, HAMS BAXO OOpaTHTbcs Kb CepAUeBHHS UpaBHTeAbCTBeHHOL 
IOAHTHEH, KB TOMY, 4TO COcTaBAgeTS H idée-maitresse II. A. Croxni- 
mHHa. Takaa wea y Hero GesycxOBHO eCTb, BIeM ACHAA, ONpPerbueH- 
Had. OTHMD OH'b, OHTh MOMCTS, SOMME BceTO OTARUACTCH OTb CBO- 
HX} IPeAMECTBCHHHKOBD, CpeAH KOTOPHXS ObLI0 OYCHB MHOLO OIHIT- 
HX, SHCPIHYHHXb HAH BAXHXD NOAKUTCHCKHX’S, OHA H AOBRIie OAH, 
yMbBItie NYCkaTh IHAb Bb T1a3a, H OOKIEHOBCHHHG FeCTOAWOMN-HH- 
TPHTAaHH, HO O40 Mazo angel, y KOTOPHXE Tpagunia HOCHTeIA 
TBepAoh BAaCTH YRHBAIHCh OH... Ch HHIBBHAYaAbHOK v3axWOrAcHHOR 
MCUTOW». 

Cmp > 139. «CapaBexAHBOCTh S&CTAaBASeCTS Hach... UpHOaBHTb, 4TO 
ocHoBHad Hien II. A. CrounnHHa sapoxHaach y Hero faBHO, a He 
DPeACTAaBAKeTh CAyWAHHHA UPOXVKTb, pesyAbTAaTh KAKKXB-IHG60 CTO- 
POHHAX® BAinHif. CBowW Hew COsNaHif H3B pycckaro KDPeCThAHHHA 
ceosodnaro nuunaeo codcmeenxuna (KypcuBD MOH—A. II.) II. A. Cro- 
XHIIHH IPHHECE Cb cO6OW BB MHHMCTepcTBO. Ey es He HaBsASHIBale 
CO CTOPOHH. OHA JaBHO CHABIa Y HETO Bb LOxOBh, OHS TOMAMH BH- 
HamuBarb ee. OTo# cBoet uxee Il. A. CrognmaHh 8 OTAHYAeTCA 
OT BCBXd CBOHXDS UPeAMeCTBCHHHKOBS 10 MHHHCTOPCTBY BAYTpeH- 
HHXD Wbxb». Jarbe JOKashBaeTos, ITO Hea BAarbsa Y. CTOMMORAW MS 
eme Tora, Ora, OB} OHYb TPOAHeCHCKHMD TryOepHaTOPOM) H Ha 3a- 
chyaHigx® MBCTHArO KOMHTeTA 0 HYRIAaXb CeAbCKO-XOsaHicTBeHHOH Ipo- 
MHIUIACHHOCTH OOpoOscd Cb IPOXHCHCKHMH EpBOOCTHHEAME. 

Cmp. 141, «Camo co6om pasywberca, yTO BER 1902 r., 6yxzym 
TpOAHCHCEHMD ryOepHaTopom?, IT. A. CromHHHS Ob aGCOANTACTOMS, 
XOTA H IIpOCBSMeHHHM, HO OHXb JH OHS BNOAHS YCTHMS abcow- 
THcTOMS? Bs ero (ryOepHaTOpCcKAX®) pbiaxb MpOckas>3sHBabTs Kkakie-To 
cxza6he HAaMeCKH Ha& HeOOXOAHMOCTb 2 OOMECTBeHHOM CaMOXBATCABHOCTH 
H, BO BCSKOMB Clyiab, OTEPOBCHHHe KPBNOCTHHEH He BHSHBAaIy ero 
couyscTBia». Bs gokasarerscTBo r. Usroesh gaTHpyeTb «ropa4yw or- 
nopbab» Il. A. CrocHMHHa <fposHeHCKOMy 3yOpy», KH. CBaATONOAKD- 
Werseproackomy: <boatTsca rpaMOTH H MpocBbmenia, OoaTsca cBbra 
HeALSA> H T. A. | 

Cmp. 143 <OcBo6o,HTexBHHA pePOpMH, HHAYe TOBOPA, ycTaHo- 
BaeHie Y HaCh, CCAH HO H& CXOBAXb, TO H& ABYB KOHCTHTYMIOHAUrO 
CTpoa, SesycIOBHO OTOABHEYTO (pPaBHTeABCTBCHHOH AekxXapanieH Bb 
tTpetbei Jymb) na Bropo# nAaHt, HO O10 OW HOCHPAaBeAAHBO BEASTS 
BE STOM pesyAbTaTé AWGHOH Boxw IT. A. Croanmuna. Tyr. y3erb 
Tparezin Bee pycckok HS8HH». 

Cyt Bb cabayomems. I. Hsroess «auqo yO6bayent, Yo pas- 
BUTiC CpeAH EPCCTbAHD Hayalb 8eMeAbHOH COOCTBOHHOCTH ABACHIC He- 
us6bxHOe, UporpeccHBHoe HM wmexaTeabHoe» (cTp. 143). Ho, ocyme- 
CTBIAA STY HAW, ©. CTOAMMHHD CTAIKHBACTCA Ch MPOTHBONBACTBIEMD 
JBOPAHCTBA. 





CAYYARHKIA SAMBTEG. 223 


Cmp. 146. «II. A. Croan MeqITaeTh Ha EpeCTbAHHHS, AA4- 
HOME cOGcTBeEHHHES, NOCTpOHTh sfanie mexko semckoH eA HHATEI. 
Jsopsne, KaKS 10Ka8aI5 MOCKOBCKIN «semcRifi chbayb» OTIHYHO MO0- 
HAH sHayenie osTOH «eAHHHIH» A PBMHTCIbHO BHCKAsaqHCh Ipo- 
THBD>. 

Crp. 147. Cs otums npoTuporbictsiems «II. A. CroxsHIHHb CB 
epBHXS 0 wWaroBs esoe momuTHYeCKOH KapbepH JOIEHS ObLID 
osHakomuTEces... BHTb MOMCTE, OHS Cb CAaMBIMH HCKPCHHEMH pedop- 
MaTOPCKHMH HaMbpexisMH HaunHalb neperopoph cb J. H. [luno- 
Bhut, H. H. Jppopnat, rp. Teiqenomb 0 BCTYNAeHiH HUXb Bb 
MHHHCTeEpCTBO, HO OHS UpOOAKAI® STH Deperowpophl ywe TOrsa, 
KOTa OHI yBbpeHS Bb DOAHOH AX COesMAOMHOCTH, TAKS RAKb COBBTS 
OGbONHHCHHAaLO ABOPSHCTBa ye AOBeNb JO ero cBbrbuia o Tpexors | 
110 STOMY NOBOAY cpexu ABOpsHS. Tpyld0, Hallp., COMHBBaTbCa, ITOOKI 
Il. A. CrorHHHh He MOrb OUBHATS TAaKOrO cTpanHaro dakta, 4TO 
KOra OH GHTAIB BO BropoH Jymh cBow Jeklapauin Hw TOBOpHIb M0 
NOBOAY ef pbaiv, ero BCTpByalH YTPOMOBHMA A0J0JACMOHTaMH Cb 
IIpaBHIX® ckaMei, Ha KOTOPHIX’, KaKS OHS 3Hal'b, CHIATS UPHHAIUIll- 
@IbHHe IPOTHBHHKH BOSBSMAaeMHIXS HME peopMs. A BL TO Ke caMoe 
BPOCMA OH Cb OxalOfapHOCTbH MPHHHMAIG OTH AILIOAMCMCHTH, 2 
MHHHCTOPCKad WewaTh DOMepEuBaAla «paBha» WapTid, KOTOPHIX He- 
H8MBHHO BJOXHOBISAMCh KAACCOBHIMD ABOPAHCKHM®S HHTepecoM®s... He 
JapOMb OLHHD 43B NyOAMNHCTOBS oTOH KamapHabu, M. Mensornxost... 
paspasHica Tako cBoeoOpasHo# nmoxBasolt:...<r. CToaKUAH, MoBep- 
HHCB BHave ero Cyib6a, MOTb OHITS 8aM'BYATOALHHIM AKTEPOMB». 

Mf To1bkO ocxB sToro KpomoTamBaro aHnaxusa r. Usroesb Ha 
ctp. 149 abuaerb ccstaky wa «DeTep6yprckaro Koppecnouyeata Bep- 
AHHCKOH raseTnr «Rundschau», O1asko# Kb repMaHCKAMS IIPHABOP- 
HHMS cihepaMb», T. ©. NATHPYCTS CIBAYOMYW saMBIky H38b «bapxe- 
BHXxS Bbyjomoctett»: 


«Bb BHOopb KH. Bonrkonckaro TOBapHmjemMb uopeacbyarena Jiymu oT- 
paxeHo axeraHie Thx neTepOyprcKHxb EpyroBh, Bb KOTOPHXb OTKPHITO Te- 
epb araTHpyWTS 3a yupasqHenie Manupecta 17 oxTa6psa. Hacrpoenie aTAxb 
KPyTOBb Takoe: CHaIala MpoBecTH HeOOXOAHMEIC 3AKCHHI, BOTHPOBAaTb 6101- 
MOTh Ch OFPOMHUMH TPeOoBaHiAMA BOeHHaro BB AOMCTBA, OOeSTEIHTh 3AakKIN- 
yeHie saiMa, a saTbMb YUpPasHHTb KOHCTHTYNIN H BOABOpPATS apexHifi Gwpo- 
KpaTuueckifi crpol. Bce aTo, o7HaKO, HOCBOSMORHO, N0Ka r. CTOIHUHHS OcTaerT- 
ca y BuactH... Hezapoms r. CromigHHb yapyieH® padotama Tellepb Oorbme, 
4uemb 6 wbcaleBb TOMY HAsab, KOrgqa OH} pacoyctTA1 Bropy Jlymy. Torgza 
OHD BHASIb, ITO ycTpaneHa ONacHOCcTb, yrpoxaBmlag Monapxy x oTevectBy. 
Teneph OHb BHAHTb, ITO ONACHOCTh TpOsHTb TOMY ABAY, Ha KOTOPOe OHD 
MOTPaTHIb Oesquy TPY Aa... OMACHOCTL CO CTOPOHH TOH, O1H3KO KB Npembepy 
cToamef Napti#, KOTOpad roToBa ONyTaTb cTpaHy CBOHMH CbTaMH». 


TazuMs o6pasomb oTa WuTaTa He MpocTad Nepesaya 4yxoro MHS- 
Hid, HO CCHAkA Ha HCTOWHES, <Oxuskifi RB repMaHCKHMS UpHBOp- 
BHM chepamb», Bb OlTBepapenie BHBOLOBb caMmoro r. Maroesa. 
Mi yaapabimia caopa: «Il. A. Crommaas 6opetcx 3a HOB cTpoi» 


224 ClIYUaAHHEIS SAMBTEE. 


HT. J.—He peste sambrae «Rundschau», a IHIHWA BHBOXD r. Msroeza 
8b MHOFHXS e©O OCHAORD. Jlaxe TepMHHH: «Goph6a, «Oopetca» 
ipHhayremaTs He «Rundschau», a aMeHHO I-HYyY Msroesy. AH ons 
YUOTpe6sseTS STH TOPMHHH Kak JO CCHAKH HA HBMCNKYO FaserEy, 
TaKb H DocyB cchzKH. Haup., Ha crp. 149—150 qHTaews: «Bops6a 
Cb Y8KO-KXaCCOBHMH TCHX@HUISMH TOH ‘YaCcTH ABOPAHCTBAa, KOTOPAd 
Re RCABCTH OTKAZATLCA OTS GesKOHTPOAbHOM BuacTH HaxE Pocciell, 
BOSMOMHA TOABKO UpH cOBcTBIH KHBHXDb OOMeECTBCHHHIXS cuxb. Ho 
BOTS 98T0-TO OOCTOATeALCTBO OOmbMe BcerO MperTHTh Ayub pyccKaro 
AIMHHHCTpaTopa, ESEb ObL OHS HA OTAHYAICA OTb APYTHXE Owpoxpa- 
TOBS... I]. A. CToxHDHHS Bb JaHHOMS CAyIAab H yHACKIBAOBAXS caMha 
HpOwbla Tpagunin pyccno# Owporparin». 

OTO WeHTpasbkoe mbcTO cBoell craTbH r. HsroeBs nepexarb 4TAa- 
TeASME «PBIn> Bb COBEPMICHHO HBBPaNleCHHOM’S BAAS. Bb coBepmeHHO 
H8BaNlCHHOMS BEAS WepesxaeTh OW YHTATeIAMS «Pban» H MOH CAOBS. 
Al nucarb (cm. crp. 198—199 sHBapcko# xHHmEH ,Pycckaro Borat- 
CTBA» ): 


«He o6oabmlaetca HanemnamH Hr. Heroens. IIpapyza, n0 ero MHBHIN, 
«fl. A. Cromnimaeb Gopetca 8a HOBHIA cTpof, orcTamBacTL pepopMHl>. lame 
NOAHTHYCCK/C UPOTHBAHKH, yTRepmzaeTs Vr. Hsroews, He CTAHYTH OCTapHRarE 
y fl. A. CromninmHa BHIQaDOXCA AHYHHXB kavecTs,: 6Gesctpamimaro $n3H- 
yeckaro MYKecTBA, OpaTOpcKaro TaraHTa, YOOPHOK sHeprin; MEI HAOMh Taabie, 
SQABIACTh OTE co6a r. Hsroesh,—H mpusnaemt, To IJ. A. Crores OAHHS 
H8b HCMHOTHXS PYCCKBXh PocyAapcTBOHHHIXt AbaTexef>, AyMIOW KoToparo 
BIAAbeTh ¢«HCTHHHO TocyapcTBeHHaa yea» ..0 mpespanenin Poccin Bt 
CTpaHY CBO6OAHAaro ZAMHTOIHALO KPCCTLAHCTBA, PasCCRHBMarocd XYTOPAaME. 
H r. Hsoent caHYHO yObR OHS», ITO OCyUlecTBIeHie sTOH HEH <HeHsOBKHO 
H meMATeCMbHO>... (Crp. 143 nekaOppckoH KH. <PycckoH Mucan»). Mpeg ,eme 
yaubme* r. Asroesb yrseperaelb, ITO H eCHH Taprih HapoqHOm cBO6oAH 
CYRICHO OCTATLCA KpyUHOA OOmecTBeHHOA cHxZOM, OHA HeRs6OBRHO AOERHA 
DpPHATH Kb UPH3HAHil HAYANA AHIHOH COGCTBOHHOCTH BL KP@CTEABCKOM®E 32¢- 
MeIbHOM®S cTpob. H Kaxkt waBbcrHo, Maprieh HapoqHok cBo6oqmM yxe upe- 
NPHHATH Mard Yb UpOsBAeriw COsHaHiA Bb aTy cTopoHy.Ho II. A. Cromnman. 
OLCPpRHMS <OOA3HbD AH HCUPiAsHED Kb OOMLCCTBOHHEIMS CHIaMb>. <Bch o6me- 
CTBOHHHA CHIH, KOTOPHA BOSHNKIH H&a HAlleh pOAHHS, BCTPhiaxw BL HEN 
3rbamaro H HEYMOAMMArO Bpara> HT. J. 


OTHM'b MOHMB CAOBAaMb, MepeslaWMAamb cosepxanie BCeH CTaTDH 
r. Msroepa, 0Hb UpHJalh XapakTepb MPOKSBOAbHO BHPBABHOH 43h 
TeKCTa HTATH, H H& STOMD OCHOBaHIH CCI ROSMORHHMS Opocats 
OOBHHeEHI€ BL Nepezepeehb, Bb nosXorb... OcTaBHMb Bb CTOpOHs 
KONpoCcb, Kak Takie npiemH HashBawtTca. Bamabe Apyroe,—sa- 
uBMB OHH DOHagOOuANCh ny6anuecTy «Pbun»? Utro ofb,—oust 
H8MBHHIB CBOe MHBSHie oO IL. A. Croannanh? OnsTh sBosspa- 
aeTCA Kb CBOeEMY IIpeRXHeMY OTSHIBY? Kasaxz0ch OH, ACHO: Aa, ONSTS 
M38MBHHIB; fa, BosBpamaetca. VW mpasHawcb, NpowTA DepByw O0d0- 
BHHY MS8ToeBcKaro OTBbTa, A TOTOBS OHA WOITH pasoBaTecs. Kaxs 
HH TATOCTHO BHABTB Npiemn «<Ozaropoxno perupasn» cb omH“604- 
HLXb NOSuMi#, BCe-TakH pajyeDILCd, ITO BOT ONaMATOBAICA-TAake 








COYGYAHHHH B8aAMBIran. 225 


GeLOBbKD... HO BCUBIb 8aTBMb HW COBepMeHHO HeORuTanHO Yr. Usroens 
HHIDCTS: 


<OcHOBHaA MBICALb Moe cTaTbH Bb <«PyccKofi Muicah» ub Tomy H cBO- 
autcs, ito II. A. Cronninnnth odeexmuéeHo, HECMOTPA H&CBOH AHUHHIA Kaye- 
CTB8a, HE MOKeTh MpOBeCTH HUKAKAXD pehopM'd, Takb KAKb 3a ero coHHOH 
CTOATE FOCHOACTBYNMNA CONIAIhHHA CHIH, OfpoKpaTia aw DOoM+bcTHO-_BOpAE- 
Ckoe KlaccoBoc YyBCTBO>. («<PBib», 6 heBpana: kypcuBD r. Hsroesa). 


«O6beKTHBHO He MoxeTS>... o10KAMS, CBOW OOMYH XapakTepHCTUKY 
OObCKTHBHHXS NpH3HakOBb, Kakad Oba cibiaha BL JekabpHckok 
cTaThb, HaneyatranHolt <P. M.», r. Msroeph nepexzaeth BB «Pbuy» 
He TO9HO; Bb TACTHOCTH, BMBCTO OlpexbieHHaro TepMuHa, Gopb6a 
Ch KaMapuabef, Okasal0Cb ABYCMHICICHHOG KAACCOBOG 4YBCTBO - 3a 
cuuHOW. Ho, BBIb, CNOPh BOBCe He 0 BOSMOMHOCTAXD OOBCKTHBHEX'S. 
A cy6bexTuBHo,—r. CTOAHMHH, XOUCTB «0posecTH pepopMbl» Han 
CTapaeTCa IPelATCTROBaTh UXb UpoBesxeHiN? OopeTca MpoTHBS kaMa- 
PHIbH 3a HOB cTpol uu, Kakb BBpHHH Cayra, NoMoraeTS kKaMa- 
paibb OopoTsca 8a coxpanesie craparo ctpoa? Bb «Pyccro# Muicau» 
ABO HacweTb ONSHKH CYOBCKTHBHHXS MpH8HaKOBb CTO#IO ACHO. 
Tamb r. Usroest Biipasaih Ipanouniasbwoe corzacie cb Nporpammoit 
Tr. CroqHUHHa, KOOJYMeBsAeHHarO <FocyzapcTBeHHOH uzAcel» «mpeBpa- 
THTb Poccilo Bb cTpaHy CBOOOAHAaTO BaRHTOWHALO EPECThAHCTBA, Ha 
noqobie aTckaro», HO BHpasHIb Woamoe Ocymsenie ero TAKTHES 
(«60S3Hb H Hepis3sHb Kb OOMeECTBCHHHME CHIaMb, Jame Kb THM, 
KOTOPHA TOTOBE H JOAKHH UPHHATL Ty-#e TOcyLapcTBewHyi wJeI0> ). 
Vimenno sTO pasmullugenie r, Usroepa o nporpamMS «upembepa» MH 
H MIPHINIOCh OCHapHBatTs, Kak'b IYCTY10 H HH HA GEMS HE OCHOBAHHYW, 10 
MoeMy MHbHi, Joragky. Tenepb r. Usroesh cHayanza crapaercs yBb- 
PATB, ITO Tako oTayRH y Hero AMGHO He GOIN, ITO OH HE Npi- 
HHCHBaIb T-HY CTOINMHHY cTpeMieHia OopoTbea 3a HOBHH cTpol, H 
SaTBM'b TOTYACh KE MPOTHBOMOCTABIAeTL «OObERTHBHYIO BOSMOMBOCTH> 
«<IHUHHMBb KayecrBaMb»y. To ecTb Kab Ke 9TO NosuMaTh? T-wy 
VsroeBby He1b8", 4TO JH, HE OTKASHBATLCH OTb CBOHXD C.10B, HO 
HeAbSA H OTKASHIBATBCA OTS HHXD? Bonpocs RBnosHs ecrectsenunil. 
Ho ny6aunucrs «Pbiu», TOIbKO ITO ONpOBeprHyBMi#t Mepsywo NoJOBHAY 
cBoero OmpoBepxeHia, BMbCTO OTBBTA H OObACHeHiA AbaaeTh HeORH- 
AaHELH MOBOPOT BB CTOPOBRY. 

OHB BCOOMHHAeCTR MOK CTapy oxemuRY cb r. Ha6oKoBnims, 
BLICTYHaBDIEME MpOTHBS MeHA Bb «Pbuw», H cb rT. B. M. BHICTyMaB- 
Mb MIpOTHBS MeHS BB «Hosok Muican». [pa stomp on’ nH O- 
HHMb CAOBOMb He YNOMHH@eCTL, Kak H ITO ONO MHOW OTBIEHO 
OOOHMb ONMOHEHTAMD, CO CTOPOHH KOTOPUIXS, KCTaTH CkKasaTb, Ha 
MOH OTBLTH BOspameHifi He nocabyzosanxo. [. Asroest npocro aarTa- 
pyeTb nosemnueckie BimagH rr. Hadoropa u Bb. M. Ws wa ocnosauin 
STUXS BWUAOBS NossomseTh ceOhb HamucaTh 10 MOeMY aspecy pars 
OTMbHHO PyraTeIbHLixh COB. . 

Pespann. Orabar Il. lo 








226 CAYSAHHHIA SAMBTEU. 


Itpuxh, ambomii wbseoropyo mbaxocrs. [’. Usroesb noy;rBep- 
ui® CBOH BHBOID 0 6ops6b r. Croxnmuna 3a HOB cTpof cchaKop 
Ha OTSHBH KOppectoHAenTa «Rundschau», OTHOCHTeAbHO EOTOparo He- 
H8BBCTHO, EBME OHS OCBSAOMACHD, KAR, H Ch KRAKOW WhAbW. HM TOTS 
me r. Usroent mbiaeTb BAXb, OyATO NPHHHMAeCTS 3a YACTYW MOHETY 
noxeMH4ecKie BHUagh rr. Ha6oxosa u B. M. Oro nocrblopaTeabHo. 
OTO BO BCHEOMB clyyab CBAABTeALCTBYeTS, ITO r-Ha Msroesa Boome 
NOOpokayecTBEHHOCTh CCHAOKS ropasf{o MeHbIe HAT3pecyeTb, TBMB 
HX UPHFOMHOcTh AaH ero bse. Unrepecosarsca we kaiecTBOM, a 
NPHTOAHOCTLW Bb HBKOTOPHXS OTHOMCHIAxh yRoOHO. Yramy XOTA OW 
Takoh upumbps. Heybaw ciycta, nocrb pyrareabctTss r. Hsroesa, 
«PBub» CHOBa BBICTYIHIa MpOTHBb MeHH CB pyraTeabcTBamH. Ha 
BTOTS pasb a 00 BoB «Phan» nombmeHb Bb OLHOMS CHACKB CB HB- 
KOTOPHIMA COTPYJHHEAMH NOHeSAbHHGHOR TaseTH <CBoOoTnHA MHCAB», 
H OKa8HBaloch BMBCTS Cb HHMH YAHYCHHHIMS BS TOMS, ITO UBMY 
CTaTbH, Bb KOHX OOBHHAW ellapTif, Hapoys, ucTopiw, Poccim, BpeMsa 
H BC@ACHHYW» BE «OeslapHocTA», & OOBAHSNH HA TOMB OCHOBAHIA, ITO 
pasovapoBaica BB peBornnin. PopHo yepesb cyTEa—14 espara— 
«Hosoe Bpema», cchaagch Ha «Pbab», gbaaeTs Gorbe karTeropHye- 
cKi BHBOXS: xopoma eta r.r. Derpamesn, coTpyxnHku «CBoOuqHLIXS 
Muicaefi»!.. Upa garbnbamext B8akMHHWXb CCHAKAXb HCTHHA AeTKO 
MOMCTB OLITS YCTAHOBICHA: A OKAYCh TlABHHMS COTPYAHAKOME 4H, 
HomalyH, pexakTopoms «Cao6oqHHxb Muicreti»>, xoTa He AMBIS H HE 
Mb HAKAKOTO OTHOMeHiA Kb STO raseTb, 0 YeM'b,—d9TO ME'B ROCTO- 
BbpHO H3BBCTHO,—xopomo sHaeTh pemgaknia «Phan». Moxerb Kame 
OKa3aTbCH, TO 8TO & HaHCaayb «Haposb-pederza>» BE «CBOOOAB. 
Muicaaxb», H8TO @ Hamucars: «II. A. CroxnmaHt Gopetca» Bb «Pyc- 
ckoh Mucan», a rr. Usroesh aw M. OnrexbrapXh HauHucaaH CT&aTBD: 
«Iza kanmieca ny6aunucta» BL «Pycckom’ Borarctsb». He myra,— 
NO HHHSOBEMS AATePATYPHHMb HpaBam'’b, BCAKO BOSMOMHO. Hare- 
WaTaHo xe 6Hx0 BL «]'ox0cb Mocks» 12 anBapa H. I. TaKOe, MCKAY 
TpownM’b, o6punenie upoTups C. Al. Kanatsesckaro # MeHa: «One 
TOTOBH! OKPCCTHTb HMCHEMB MBIancTBa U 6ypmRyasHOCTH CaMbIA ITO 
HH Ha-€CTbh SJOPOBHA H HOPMA@AbHEIA UposBaenia ywexoRBieckoH McH- 
xuku»... UW r. Usroesh He ABMeHb BOSMOMAOCTA BHCTABHTh IIpOTHBS 
MCHA Kakoe eMY sadtaropascyAuTcA OOBHHeEHIe H NOATBEPAHTh ero 
DAM PATOMDS CCHAOKS. [losBOAHTOABHO, OMHAKO, CIIPOCHTb,—Kakoe 
OTHOMeHie HMBWOTS eTO pyraTeAbCTBA Kb MpeqMeTY WawHwaro copa? 


A. Netpymes>. 


l 
{ 
{ 





OTUET b. 227 


OTYET DS 


KosTopp: penakuin »*xypHana ,Pycckoe BoratcTBo~. 


NOCTYTMAJO: 


By nonbsy ronogalowHXb HKHPeCTbAHD Bb pasHbixd ry6.: 
uepesb IO. MonceeHko, co6pannpie HBCKOAbKHMH aAHUaMH—8 pP.; 
orp Tl. B. Asanoscxaro—53 p.; orb D. A. Caosenxaro—3 p.; orb 
A. E. IL—4 p.; orb cnektakan, fannaro caymauumn Amypckaro 30- 
NOTONPOMBIUAeHHarO O6wectBa Ha KeapHHCKOM®> npinckb—70 p. 


Wtoro. ........ 138 p. — K. 


Buizano H. I]. Kynpianosof# gaa Ka3auckaro Komuteta O6- 
LLECTBEH, MOMOLIM FOMOMAIOUIHMb . 2. 2. ew ee ee le 350 » 65» 


~ 


Be» nonbsy CCbINDHBIXd 4 SAHKNIOYOHHDIXD: OTD ,AHTOHA H3b 
Kanncopuin"—4 p. 64 k.; u3b Bpecrs-Jintospcxa—l7 p.; orb 
MN. B. fF. co ct. 3aatoycrp—10 p.; orb a-pa A. B. Hukonaesa— 
© p.; ors H. M. Lf. 9-pif s3Hoct— 10 p.; orb M. A, E.—21 p.; orb 
rpynnpi senTeMBpOBE nepecenenyeckoh naptiu—19 p. 25 k.; oTb 


6-Ku mpu O. P. Y.—8 p.; ors A. Y. H—4a, ust Jlog3u 13 chespaaa 
1908 r.—5 p. 


Wraro. ...... . . 99> 89 » 


Bb nonpsy 6. wanccens6ypruesn: orb H. Anexchesoii 43> 
Bepanyesa—4 p. 


——— 





Bp nons3sy GespaGotHnxp: orb LL. Lenopa, usb Mp- 
ayTcKxa—85 kK. 


15* 


228 OBRBSBAEAI A. 


OTEPHTa DOAnHCKa Ba 
nepBHga 4 kHHrA KH. Ma- 
HOBa, Cb HIIOCTpaN. 
xyn. A. 3eneuncnaro 


I}bib Tpy1a, Ha OCHOBAHIH HOBHIXb NPOBBPeHAHXD H ycTaHosxer- 
HHXb HOKYMEHTOBD, UPOCIBAKTh WH Wath HarlsgHoe npeycTaBuenie, Bb 
OOWMEAOCTYNHOMb H DONYAIAPHONS HaJlOXeHIH, KAPTHHY MNocrenesHar 
PasBHuTIA pyccKaro rocyaapcTBa, KXH3HH pyccKaro Hapona. Hapoxs pye- 
CKiA KAKb Obl NPOCHYJICA OTH TAKeNSLO CHA, OBNATBBMArO HMB Doe#+b 
60-xb ro0Bb, NOAb BIIidHIOEMb SKOHOMHYeCKaro pasopeHia A oGmare 
noTpacenia rocyzapcrsa. 

Teneps ond, kak'’b HBSKIA OLINHEADIA OoraThpb, CTOHTS Ha PacnyThs 
Bb TIyGoKOA 3afyM4HBOCTH, KYa HTTH, TO WHAaTh? [loaromy rTemep 
Bb OCOG@HHOCTH, BCAKOMY MA@JIO-M@JIBCKH PA3BHTOMy eA0BBKY HeOGxO- 
AMMO YI1y6HTbCH Bb OTOEYCCTBEHHYHW HCTOPiN, STY UPHXORO-pacxoyRyw 


mm a ce 


KHHTy Rapona, 10 MBTKOMY Bbipaxeniio Kaoyvesckaro. Kb coxasrbuin, | 


BCA pyccKkaa HCTOpidA Bb WAHIOMb, Bb TPYAAXb HAMIAXh 3H&MOHATHIB 
HCTOPHKOBD, ABJIACTCH MAJIO NOCTYNHOH MHPOKOMY Kpyry WHTAarTejes, 
BCABACTBIC TPYAHOCTH ASHKA, & Cb APyroh GTOPOHH 6raroyaps rayouas 
@na0copckoh MbICIH, DONOKeHHOK Bb OCHOBY TPYI8,—TBMD Oorbe, 370 
TPYUbl OTH H HE CTAaBHIH ce6b sayzauy DONY/IAPHZoBaTb HCTOPiIW—OgE, 
HANPOTHBd, AOObIBaIK HCTHHbI HAYYHRIA. A MORLY THM OOTPeOHOctTs 8b 
EONYIApHoA HCTOPiH Bb MIHPOKAXb MACCAXb pacTeTb BMBCTB cb po- 
CTOMb HapollHaro caMocoaHania. Iloaromy MbI H 6epeMb Ha ceéa H3,8- 
Hl€ HCTOpIH pyCccKaro Hapos OT HaYala JO HAMIHXD WHeA, Locryn#0a 
10 BOSMOAAOCTH MHPOKOMy Kpyry aHTaTenef. [leppan KHHra HCTOpIE 
BbIAeTh H pazoniietca Jo [lacxn, ocTranbHblIA—Bb UpoyoAenie sBcero 
1908 r. IIo sirxon'b nepsofh KHarHA «Heropin Pocein> K. lanosa nognucnas 
bua 6yqerb nosymenua. Iba no nownneKs 3a 4 KaHrH—2 p. JlouycKaetes 
pascpouka no 60 k. 3a KAHTY cb MepecniiKow. Tpebopania ampecosats: 
C.-llerep6yprb, JI bcxon Kopnycb. Kaurovagarenperso <flcnan lo-7ana:. 
Hab Toro-xKe H3TaTeABCTBA MOMHO BUMHCATE 16 yactefh nO-1Haro cobpa- 
Hid COUHHEHIA pada A. HW. Toacroro, JO CHXb DOph NewaTasimlaxca 3a-rpa- 
HHielo — 3a 8 py6., IPH 4eMb Take HolycKaetTca pascpouka oo 50 xan. 
3@ “acTb. KHuroHajaTrenbeTBo <AHcHan llonmaHa- ROBOTHTS 0 CB BIAS 
JIHWb, KEIAOMHXb NOLYITH Bh pascpouky couvnenia rpada JL H. To:- 
etoro nH <«MecTopil Pocciv», 4TO NOMHMO OlymeHiA BHIDHCKH Kaxio 
KHHAKH OTIBIbHO, 6635 NOBbIMeHIA Nath, no 60 kon. 3& @K3eMINAApb— 
IpH YeMb BMBCTO AeHerb IPHHHMANWTCA MOUTOBLIA H cOeperaTe.sIbHHa 
M&PEH,—BBENO EMG yNNaTy JeHel’b HAJOKXeCHHBIMb DNAaTeKeMS HA C.Ib- 
AYOWMHXD YCNOBIANXS: KENaMMle NONYYNTh BLIMeOOHMeHOBAHHEA H3Ja- 
Hil YBBOOMJIAWTS 066 BTOMD KOHTOPY, IPH YCMb Bb MHChMB WONKA 
ObITh ACHO NOMMEHOBAND alpecd MOAMKCIKKA, & TAKKe PAasM BP CYMMH, 
KOTOPY!0 NOANHCYHKD XOWeTH COM BCAYHO NNaTHTD. Ilo uomyuedi# DHcbMA 
KHHTOH3aTeNECTBO HEMCIICHHO BbICbINaeTh COOTBETCTBCHHOC KOH 
cTBO KHurb. JleHDrH, Bb CIBIYeMOMb pasM'bpsb, H 20 kou. 3a HamOReH- 
HbA WIaTeRb MOANHCUHKDS YONaiHBaeTbh OPH nowyueHin NochwiKEH. lps 
LOJYYeHIH KOHTOPO!W NepBaro BaHOCa BHICHINAeTCH BTOPAaA Ceplh KHATS 
wT. X. Jlnua, Norysaiomia KHHTH HaJlOKXeHHIMb WIATeROMb Ha 20 Kor. 
opoxe, Bb CYMIHOCTH HH4eEro He NepensayHBaWTh, TAKb K&Kb HM He 
HalO 38TPS4HBATbCA HA OTCHIIKY eHeIb, H, KPOMB TOPO, OAH BbITabr 
BalOTb H BPeMH, TAKS KAKb AOCTATOUHO OMHHD Pash YBBAOMHTS O CBOeMS 
KONAHIH NOMYIATh KHHIH, WH KHHPOHSTAaTeNbCTBO AKKYPATHO KaRMbih ME 
cCAUb OyleTD BHICMNATh HXb Bb TeyeHie Bcero Toss. daTBMb CTBLyeTs 
MM’BTb BD BHAY, YTO KHHTOHSTaTeIbCTBO NO NOAYWeHIh YBBAOMMIEHIA Cb 
MOUTH, ITO NOCHIAKA NPHHATA, HEMEJVIOHHO BHICHINAeTh BTOPYN, KOTOPYP 


om ee ee iti* ke 


i ee 


NOWNHCIHKD, 110 CYDeECTBYIONIHMD NOUTOBLIMDS NPaBhIam hb, HM BeTS pase . 


BbIKYNHTb Bb TeyeHie ONHOTO MBCALA CO HS NONYYeHIA DOBBCTRH 2C- 
uTOBOM KOHTOPHI. TobKo, ecIH Bb TeYeHle MBCANA ANPeCATOND He BEC 
COHbI JICHDrH 38 NMOCbIIKY, OHA BOsBpamaeTca obpaTHo. OTHMD jJ{OCTH- 
raeTeA T& UWbIb, UTO Bb TeyeHie WhIarTO MBCHUa DORMHCIMKD MOKCTS 
B3ATb MOCHIIKY, KOrZa eMy yrouHo. 


Pegaxtoph-Hszatert B. I. Boposenco. 


HOBAA KHUTA: 


i. C. Pycanont (H. EB. KRyapuus). 
Couianucte! 3anaga uw Poccin. 


(Pyppe. — Mapscs. — dareapcb. — Jlaccasb. — dws Baanocs. — 
Baaxiams Moppucs. — Yepsiumescrift. -— Jaspops. — Muxaitxoscriff). 
C.-Ierep6yprb. 1908. 393 crp. Ll. § p. 25 x. 

V3zaanie npoaaeTcA Bb KHWKHOMD chant tunorpadin M. M. Cracienesmya 
(Bac. Octp., 6 avnia, 28) 4 Bb Apyruxd maraswHaxd. 


OTKPbITA TIOMMMCKA HA 


BHBMIOTEKY HTAILARCKUXD MMCATENEM 


PANS KPHrHkO-GlorpadHteckKHX OFepKOBS (Cb MOPTPeCTAMH DHCATeWEH ). 
M. BATCOH'’B. 


Bu6nioTeKa COCTOHTb W3b AECATH BINYCKOBD: 1-f) Aga Herpu; 2-#) Mmo- 
3y3 Hapaysun; 3-4) Jimysenne fimyctw; 4-A) Aneccanapo Maxuyonn; 
5-ft) Duaxomo Jleonapau; 6-4) Burropio Anbdiepu; 7-4%) flmysenne Maa- 
sunu; 8-H) Samongo ge-Amuynce; 9-1) Boxaysio; 10-4) flaute. 
Tloanucka npvHnMaetca y aptopa: C.-Fletrep6yprb, Osepxoft nep., a. 9, 
KB. 4, H BO BCBXb OOAbIUHXb KHHMHBIXDb MaraSHHaxd. 
Tipu noanucxé ynaaunpaetca f p. SO x. nu BumatoTca nepBpre wecTb 
suinyckosb. 80 x. ynraunsaetca no Bxont 7 uw 8 BINycKa, H OCTanb- 
npie 50 kon. no syxont 9 uw 10 BEnycKkosb. OTAbALHO KarKAbIA BbI- 
nyckb Bu6aiorexn HranpancKuxb uncateneA §O xon. 


FOTOBATCA Kb NEYATH: 
Bamyckb 7-i— fmysenne Maa3nnn; siinycks 8-i—damonso 2e-AmM4ncD. 
Bo scbxb KHWKHHIXb Mara3HHaxb MpomaeTcaA HOBOe H3MaHie: 
F « flond Huxots JlamanycxiW nepspii noazHD u 
CPBaHTeCb. TOUHLIA ~Nepesoxb Cb HCcNaHcKaro M. Batcon. 
Mimbiotca Ba w32aHif: OHO POCKOWIHOe Cb UBBTHBIMH KapTHHaMH, 3a 
mBpa toma 7 py6.; apyroe 6e3b UBBTHNIXb KapTHHb, TOAbKO Cb HJIUIO- 
cTpauiaMH Bb TeKCTS, 3a ABa TOMa—3 py6aa. 


ye 








OTHPDITA MOANKCHA HA 1988 Fob: 


(XVI-wht TOM H3,AHIS) 
AA ESKEMBCAUHRIA JATEPATYPHHA « HAYSHWH 2KYPHA, 


YOGROE DOPATCTED. 


M3QABAEMHIA Ba. Tan. KOPOJIEHKO 


npx Onm«afiewp yuactin H. ©. Annencuaro, A. [. Topudespaa, 

flioneo, C. A. Eanarpescxaro, A. WM. Keanwers-Mucapesa, H. E. Kyapuna, 

lM. B. Moxiescnaro, B. A. Maxoruna, A. 6. Merpamesa, A. B. Ituexonosza, 
C. H. WOmanosa u« fl. ©. Axy6ossya (A. Meanmuna). 


NOONMCHAA WBHA ct azoctaBKoio WH NepecHInKoNO: Ha roab—9 p.; 
na 6 wbc.—4 p. 50 K.; Ha 4 wbc.—3 p.; na 1 whe.—76 x. 

Besb foctaBkH: Ha ronb—8 p.; na 6 whc.—4 p. 

C> HAROMOHHDIND NAaTeMOM. OTAbABHaR KHHKKA I p. 10 xk. 

3a rpanmuy: Ha romb—12 p.; Ha 6 whc.—6 p.; na 1 mbc.—1 p. 


NOANHCKA MIPHHHAMAETCA: 


By C.-Merep6yprt—sb xontopt xypHana, Bacxosa ya., 9. 

Bp Mocust—s> orrbrenin KonTtopuy, Huxumexta cop., 0. Tazapuna. 

By Ogecct—sb KHaxKHOMD MarasHHé C. B. Momaposcxaro,— JJac- 
cance *),—Bb marasnnt ,Tpyap*—Jepudacoscnan ya., 0. A? 25. 
Jocrasaswmie noznacxy KHHKHBE MAPASHAH, 3SEMCHIE CKJAAN 
M YIIPABHI, YACTHbIA W OBLILECTBEHHDIA BHBIIOTEKH, NOTPEBSH- 
TEJIbHbIAA OBLUECTBA, TASETHRIA BIOPO, KOMUTETHI WIM APEHTH 
TIO IPIEMY TOAMHCKM Bb PASHBIX’ VUPERMEHIAXS moryrs ysep- 
7KHBATb 8&8 KOMMHCCID H NepecHAKy ACHeErs NO 40 KOM. ch Kawaaro OXSeMIzspa, 
T. ¢. OpHcwszaTs, sutbcro 9 py6xeh, 8 py6. 6O xon., TOVIBKO NPH MEPEAAYB 

CPA3Y NOVIHOM FTOAOBOM IVATBI. 


Tlodnucna 0} pascpouny UuAU HE enorANMm OnAavenHaRn S p. GON. - 
ore Buxs HE MPHHMMAETCH ao noxycenis Hexzocraionmx. AcHers, KAKs 
Om mu Onza Maza YACPKawHas CyMMA, 





*) 3abcb xe npoyaxa natant ,Pyccosaro Gorarorea®. 








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