c 


' 


•'1‘ 


-f. 


Digitized  by  the  Internet  Archive 
in  2016  with  funding  from 
Wellcome  Library 


https://archive.org/details/b28775557_0005 


¥ 


k 


I 


ENGLISH  BOTANY; 

OR, 

COLOURED  FIGURES 

OF 

BRITISH  PLANTS, 

WITH  THEIR 

ESSENTIAL  CHARACTERS,  SYNONYMS, 
AND  PLACES  OF  GROWTH: 

TO  WHICH  WILL  BE  ADDED, 

OCCASIONAL  REMARKS. 

BY 

JAMES  EDWARD  SMITH,  M,  D.  F,  R,  S. 

MEMBER  OF  THE  ACADEMIES  OF  STOCKHOLM,  TURIN,  LISBON, 
UPSAL,  LUND,  PHILADELPHIA,  ETC. 

PRESIDENT  OF  THE  LINN-EAN  SOCIETY. 

THE  FIGURES  BY 

JAMES  SOWERBY,  F.  L.  S. 


V IR  ESCJJJ  E ACQJJIRIT  EUNDO.” 


VOL.  V. 


ViRC. 


LONDON: 

PRINTED  FOR  THE  EDITOR  BY  J.  DAVIS, 

And  fold  at  No.  2,  Mead  Place,  near  the  Afylum  j by  Meflrs.  W HITE, 
Bookfellers,  Fleet-ftreet;  Johnson,  St.  Paul’s  Church-yard ; 
Dilly,  in  the  Poultry;  and  by  all  Bookfellers,  &c, 
in  Town  and  Country. 


MDCCXCVI, 


'V 


f 


■ i-  -y-'  .. 

* M U I Si  Y T/'l. 

V . .\\0VV(N^2i  'V'’.V>vCv]y 


,.  /.'.wAv^  V.A:AaV.V.'A''r:  ■-  ' • 

i ' rr  • .iv’O 

._ 

liiMY/;  !»,,r;  YYv ^ .i:/’-i!i:.'i  ’ • 

.Q^::.  vi.  ‘.:4U  •' .-v^v''  :. 

Xi.  .Y  'V  . r.  '. 

' nA'A  A'-','  '■  >.  f,'-'  ♦ V • 

' r. . ’^'  ■ ; ■ 


V.  A\ 


k.  I A-  i-rrk:A' 


',”  fr.-o[' . ■;  -,  ’•  t 
A'/'/  '■■ii: 


' % ' 


,tnr'!q  ^:tiijb\:, An;  V ^ i/A, //  -:,i.' : 

,k;T; /?ulAAQsji'W9’'/j  7.  -yi  -jA 

I . ^A.-h  •: 

-li  u’j  f7rji;  t'ii;  fii  { .;;.  - .■■  A.,.  <■';••»  A 


“iAf  ■'  ' i’i  1'' 

tsA  Y 'b  .'At/i  -jA'V/  ‘ ■ 

',:k- 

.Y'J 

iij  Yj  7ri',:  ' Y ' 

]•/■{;.  Y.f.lA 

k -ti.fr  b'AA- 

'yIj  v^  ! ^vc 

I.K 

>7;h  ^1^4'  p&^tT  Tii^,;  “ 

Yn'is-i  fc^fs 

. 

, 4 i/ 

V'A'/ 

l!::. 

" ' V ' ' 

-F  * 

■? . ,, 

■Ys*’  " ■•■,  ,'  .,Y  ^., 

1 .■;«'•>  1.: 

■4  .:■.,  .■  . •'./:’  ' 

*••  {;-o 

V’-  '■' 

ifikH  •'  ' f ip.v--.  - 

YinnA-  'f-; 

n-  !A  n; 


• . r.  ,• 

T ' A- 


A"  ^tbA  /r  ^ -A  ,':'J^  ■'  - A. 

i /'r^-crnl ‘,i7:=.|:H  , Y'*  V ' AA  A V.  ,>  ■ ' /Ar 

■■<)  J-  ;1  n -fW.  ■,  'ffiy,  v**/--, 

,Ai.  i:.  ^■  iUMf  . '!  ' ^ , n</n^  ' ,.‘  "n  J;--,  ; .,  v >,  .■'  .A,,: 

A rr.;  I^r  .n  -.  ^'v  ',  ; ,.,7  ,.  , 

. - t/ ' Y- ;'V  1 A -'i  . M.'  Y^  .,  ' •lA.A;  ; ■,-  : ■p''  • 

A'“  ' •Ay;'!  v - , ,,  ■'■  fiL^^y  : ;>^>■•:,Ax;Jr  . ' , ■ - 

v-  ■:..,  1 A' 

/i  v,U;if;t  ..»sr  -■4’',  b ;■  H'  : ' >’  '■  A 'A 

• -f.  f \ ^ ^yj'.-vv  ' p j,-  ■ . ,! '> 

• '.^rn'  v‘Ar‘  , A 


Vrn/M; 


4'.} 


:fv;  'b/-^  ) 5. 

'•1- V'.  >'*;5.1y  A'i 

' '..  :-'A  .*'.  ■■  Y 

-r,  •'  \ , f 

b :,:  Y.f.  b 

.Y'kio  jia  v-YY'h 

' ■ f-A  - ■ !.  ,v;  ;.  Ar.  :..:>;v 'AA'-),ii 

• '-"■  ..■•  /n  vr?  p An'r^;'  "7Kfr|i;  cy:>‘ ni 'A-'-j^^ 

A '.'A  A . ■ ■ ' ' ■■  .■'■•A-^,  ; - v t .[  . !i 

" ■ I'A-;-.  fiA  A ->;>  .M  'AitAA'.of'^Jjffo  ,'A;  a f.i  i/.';AAA  jkAi:  :;'.A:>'j 
^ .T-:3!7t  :i  : ■ rbu'/.f-,:  7./'  ':  ..;.-i4.L  •.b'f..-'vb 

• YY./;,  !.»;‘k_. 'yL  -l?  .',7',:."7i  i 4..^ 

' - • ‘ '"  . ■ . • A r 

...  K-'-.A-.-'':.  ■ 

. ' ■ . VfV-  v,  .. 

'o^A,.  ■.•••,  , . . ■ ■> 


C 289  ] 

SATYRIUM  repens. 

Creeping  Satyr  ion. 


GTNANDRIA  Dlandrla. 

Gen.  Char.  Nectary  an  inflated  roundifh  bag  behind 
the  flower. 

Spec.  Char.  Roots  fibrous,  creeping.  Leaves  ovate, 
radical.  Flowers  leaning  one  way. 

Syn.  Satyrium  repens.  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  1339.  Had/* 
FI.  yin.  387.  mth.  Bot.  Arr.  982.  Ughtf.  FI 
Sc.  ^iQ.f.  22.  bad.  Diclf.  Dr.  PI.  85. 


According  to  the  cuftom  we  have  hitherto  adopted  of 

beginning  each  volume  with  fome  peculiarly  interefting  plant, 
we  here  exhibit  one  of  the  mod;  rare  of  the  favourite  Orchis  tribe, 
for  which  we  are  obliged  to  James  Brodie,  efq.  the  gentleman 
who  difcovered  Pyrola  unijiora  (t.  146.)  in  Scotland  and  com- 
municated it  to  Mr.  James  Hoy,  as  Mr.  Hoy  himfelf  has  in- 
formed us  fince  our  account  of  that  plant  was  publifhed.  This 
Satyrium  grows  in  Alpine  fir  forells,  not  in  paftures  and 
thickets.”  Our  fpecimens  were  fent  frefia  from  Scotland  by  the 
poll,  and  came  in  perfedlly  good  order,  as  plants  of  this  tribe 
dry  fo  very  (lowly. 

The  roots  are  perennial,  truly  creeping,  not  bulbous,  very 
fucculent,  downy,  running  among  mols,  and  attaching  them- 
felves  to  decayed  fragments  and  leaves  of  fir  in  the  manner  of 
fungi.  Leaves  in  tufts  at  the  end  of  each  runner,  on  broad 
fheathing  footllalks,  ovate,  fucculent,  (trongly  5 or  y-rlbbed,  and 
reticulated  with  tranfverfe  veins  which  are  often  brown,  and 
the  leaves  are  now  and  then  prettily  chequered  with  that  co- 
lour. Stalks  eredl,  6 or  8 inches  high,  round,  downy  upwards, 
clothed  with  a few  alternate  fheathing  braHeae,  and  terminated 
with  an  eredt  fpike  of  numerous  pale  flefh-coloured  fragrant 
flowers,  leaning  one  way,  but  turning  a little  fpirally  round  the 
llalk ; each  being  accompanied  by  a lanceolate,  concave,  co- 
loured, downy  bradfea,  longer  than  the  germen,  which  alfo  is 
clothed  with  vifeid  downinefs,  as  v/ell  as  the  three  broader  ex- 
ternal petals.  Haller  deferibes  the  flower  as  having  only  three 
petals,  befides  the  nedlary,  which  Lightfoot  copies,  having  pro- 
bably never  feen  the  plant  alive,  for  his  plate  is  excellively 
faulty.  Mr.  Sowerby  found  two  internal  lanceolate  petals  (as 
in  the  figure)  which,  like  thofe  of  Orchis  ujlulata^  are  very  dif- 
ficult to  be  detedled  in  a dried  fpecimen,  being  “ glued  as  it 
v/ere”  to  the  upper  one,  which  the  others  are  not  by  any  means, 
though  Haller  fays  they  are.  Perhaps  that  great  naturalifl:  might 
make  flight  notes  in  tlie  field,  and  confufe  himfelf  in  copying 
them  afterwards.  Lightfoot’s  account  is  compiled  from  Haller’s 
without  acknov/ledgment.  Plis  wdiole  book  is  nearly  made  up 
of  fuch  plagiarifms,  and  he  is  hence  often  defervedly  led  aftray. 


1 

i 

•J 


\ 


~ ’>1^  ^ - 


ESm&T).' 


•jiihJi''  s x)  cm h Vi 


■ ,& 


-'teSjriWj 
✓ •■ 


'^^';  ' ^ £.  '..'/AjCfn 


v^',  '*huu|  IIj:  5rlj  ^jV;n  ; /r>I>;>in  '>;^i(|8'.  ./i'/  ?i^3 

',■  .V.  ■:■  %•  p T^p  :■■.■;;■  I .«V'  . , :?  , 

" .,  •-T*’.  %^f|;’4*''^‘>'^'*  •./:i!.;|,i.lni:.''  , .«’<3 

i:y:.3MWi,m^‘-f'  -I  , 

^ ' . •■■  '^-  - I .|•'■■  ■ .i  •'  :,■-  - ':■.  : ■■ 

‘ , . •l(.>U-‘^?'  '^W^-  "i't)jii‘<«i;^iJ!}'lifl;#;.,V'r;>iWJ.'- 

1.  " ^ -J:' 


' ».y 


i*'  ■. 


rv  1 


• Mii::  .'i  L:'i;  ; 

.#€%’  . I' > Ar  ’ t-':' ^ tf.  ■'^•.  c ’;\y.  :iiu.->'  ^ ~ li' A"l.  ..  . ;.k  V./fJ^  . \.  .•■!.  *•  * ',  ._  _'  f'' 


‘iyjiJ  f-it  ii,y  .iyHit  \ik  ■ •':;V..v!; 

r'i  t>t;f;  »r,;/ ;■*;>:•  li 


.6;^  . - ,K«-  . ',  ' 


[ 290  ] 


N A R D U S firida. 


Mat-grafs, 


T R 'I  A N D R I A Monogyma. 

Gen.  Char.  Cal.  none.  Corolla  of  2 valves. 

Spec.  Char.  Spike  flendcr,  ere6l,  the  flowers  all  point- 
ing one  way. 

Syn.  Narclus  ftridfa.  Lhin.  Sp,  PI.  77.  Iludf.  FL 
22.  JVith.  Bot.  Arr.  54.  lielh.  Cant.  21. 
Sibth.  Ox.  33. 

Gramen  fparteiun  jnneifolium.  Ra’ii  Sjn.  393. 


T.  H I S grafs  may  be  obierveJ  on  fandy  heaths  in  moft  parts 
of  Kngland,  efpeeially  in  molft  or  moorilh  fpots,  where  it 
forms  thick  tufts  of  rigid  rufli4ike  leaves,  which  remain  through 
winter 

— “ bleaching  in  the  northern  blaft.” 

The  roots  are  perennial,  fibrous,  ftrong  and  downy.  Leaves 
linear,  very  narrow,  acute,  ftriated,  rough  in  the  margin,  very 
harfb  and  rigid,  fuddenly  divaricating  from  their  broad  flteath- 
ing  ftriated  bafe,  which  envelops  the  bottom  of  the  ftalk,  and 
is  itfelf  enveloped  with  fcales  externally,  and  crowned  at  the 
divarication  with  the  ufual  ftipula  of  grafles.  Each  ftalk  fup* 
ports  one  leaf,  and  is  ere£l,  ftriated,  rough,  of  the  fame  texture 
and  harflmefs  as  the  leaves,  and  a little  longer,  bearing  a very 
flender  fpike  of  equally  flender  flowers,  alternately  placed  in 
two  rows,  but  all  pointing  one  way,  though  very  little  divari- 
cated at  any  time  from  the  ftalk,  and  both  before  and  after 
flowering  clapped  clofe  to  it.  Valves  of  the  calyx  unequal  in 
length,  purplifti  and  rough  in  the  margin.  Filaments  a little 
exceeding  the  longeft  valve,  tipped  with  nearly  linear  antherte. 
Germen  fmall.  Style  folitary,  flender,  downy. 

Tile  Mat-grafs  flowers  in  May,  June  or  later.  Of  its  agri- 
cultural ufes  little  can  be  faid,  for  cattle  in  general  refufe  it ) 
and  though  mats  or  balkets  might  be  made  of  it,  we  are  fupplied 
from  Spain  with  better  grafl'es  for  thofe  purpofes,  particularly 
SRpa  tenaaffiituu 


■ 

.y'.' ' 

H 

1 


' / 


’ ; .'4 

. ■ . , 'vf-V 


. '*» 


.r--nn;0cii  'A  yi  H J'l 


i«  ■ r n-lv/ ' .'t.n)..i : ■'•■ : A /'■r-  /),v*i-.> 

' aijifCHH  ^‘rM  t‘i  rVMTi > .:> 

^o-  irol  .lii.v  xvA/-  . ):tr- 

.fr--v(vi  > '/fcrhoV^ftblH  ' /rUiryU  riR 


?lo  ,,c!ii^4^  fjdt  'Jit'jHi^vcjo'iq  ci  iHsif'f'i  ,'''.i/fffic 

■ i" -V  ■:f^  .w  .'ipt'ri  '-  .li<3ll  b:;>v,Ui,:>’a  i;  f#S'ya«Wn.  i/i-  vi-?  ?. -ofl 
a a]-.  ^ I'Ji  V?L-?}j;‘'(i:>-Al.Y}ft‘v( 

i liar  ,'l{4!y&<:('i,'.i ^;,  ^T^rf.voh 

i'  jrk  'I'J  fttKv4H«,C»  «j  !\.Y(>ni'  , .‘)<i;‘r)tIv‘)  i]v‘f/o' 

f^v|/wU  uhI  hidrJ-ijii,.,:  ;v,. 

:>‘i^»  'dvf  'Ka'./f  "--5>  .nf^> , bv.-;^ii'-';/n,v‘ 

J>»1Iq-i  d?nlj  Vf‘id,i  ,»  aw  r'l-'V.'. 

t f ■/ :.‘ ' •. ''\V.:' Au^K#  ; 

.' ■:’  r - df  1 -.7  ' :f) il 'd  J - J ■ i \ '/;  ' V Y -•, V T.0O’^  0 K* 

,«»<;■  ni:^rrb:A' 

i(i  b‘j.;aiolT'Hr|  xrdhxikjV,-^  ■; 

:^1'^0^j;■’  d^>u'-3  ic  aQj:»i'ij,(l'  •-fb;;  yxis 

. ^ i^,'j'.ivvr>  < i h ii,i'Uiij::JPi  '3./;  j' 

- ) j:~hjv  .ly-,.  cv.-dwi  ,«Hj^;',.  '{(i  v..Ai  ,•'"'  kjj.  ■-'  /’>  x-" 

►-A"'’ vf!'  :i'-_''Mi  y, -a. iv ".'■■!:  ’ 

=.,';fri  .d;  :.t  i>rfMi.;.-. ^•r5h-rrrt,g:> 

^,.j,'  : vdr  >0  -i  ' ' :}.  /ASy  r r . 

. --y,-  , A’ 

' X • . # . -,  ' ■ . r ■ 

• ' -:' r ■.■  , '■  ■ ■'■  .*;,  " . A :' ' '■  ■ A.  ''^ 


[ 291  ] 

S I L E N E nodllflora. 

Night -Jlowering  Catchjly. 


DECANDRIA  rAgynm, 

Gen.  Chak.  Cal.  fwelling.  Fetals  claws^  anc 

with  a crown  at  the  mouth.  Capf.  three-ccllcd. 

Spec.  Char,  Calyx  with  ten  angles,  and  teeth  as  lon^ 
as  its  tube.  Stem  forked.  Petals  cloven, 

Syn.  Silenc  nohtiflora.  Limi.  Sp.  PI.  599.  FI 

./In.  IV/th.  BoL  N?r.  4.^2.  F^,dh.Cant.  Suppl 
1.  13.  Sibth.  Ox,  140. 

Lychnis  nobliflora.  Rail  Sjn.  340. 


In  fandy  fields  of  the  midland  and  fouthern  counties,  nol 
rare  in  Norfolk  and  Suffolk,  flowering  about  July. 

Root  annual,  fmali  in  proportion  to  the  herb,  which  often 
becomes  very  luxuriant  in  a manured  foil.  Stem  erecl,  round, 
hairy,  leafy,  repeatedly  forked  in  the  upper  part.  Leaves  fofi 
and  downy,  lanceolate,  feffile,  the  lower  ones  broadeff,  and  the 
loweft  obovate.  Flowers  folitary  at  the  divifions  of  the  ftem. 
on  hairy  vifeid  ftalks,  which  are  fliort  at  firff,  but  afterwardj 
lengthened  out  to  about  an  inch.  Calyx  white,  with  green 
angles  and  veins,  its  teeth  almoff  as  long  as  the  tubular  part. 
Petals  of  a cream  colour  tinged  with  red,  their  limb  rolled  in 
during  the  day,  but  unfolding  in  the  evening,  and  then  the 
flowers  become  very  fweet-fceiited,  at  lead;  while  warm  weather 
continues.  We  believe  each  flower  lafts  feveral  days,  the  petals 
rolling  themfelves  up  every  evening  till  the  impregnation  is  fully 
accomplifhed.  If  fo,  how  is  this  involution  performed  ? Does 
the  adfion  of  light  upon  the  upper  furface  of  each  petal  ftimu- 
late  that  furface  to  cerntradf  ? The  phrenomena  of  fuch  flowers 
as  expand  or  fmell  only  by  night,  deferve  the  attention  of  the 
phyfiologifi;,  for  they  are  ruled  by  very  conftant  law's.  We  re- 
commend them  to  the  evening  meditations  of  the  philofophic 
reclufe,  at  that  bed  hour  of  mufing”  when  the  mind  turns  to 
Nature  and  its  Author  with  peculiar  complacency. 


I 


:> 

•■/v 


•V 


.v—  .•• 


}l  ’'I  i’  '■{  J 


"A) 

. <5i 

. vApT^sii^i&lTi  \ 

x\  a-'Av 

•4.  • 

V Av  C,  0 VI 

ill 

u..vV'V  .flh'>t  3:1  il;: 

i/r 

.a^’.ii)  .Y.:\  1 ‘ 

hnr. 

,/'.h''iO  i:  rlti 

:7 

.Z'/ff;"> 

•,rft  (/jIU 

‘,A;AA'''''-'''- 

,v  '-I 

77:l;.  'f: 

Ayrli 

'/lit  A,'. 

.■As-i^fhk 

.r  AijO  .'7  { -id 

/ A' 

A';-A‘  . ' 

i ■.  ' I" 

./.h  i;.if  i. 

\ 

‘?(L:i/;I.  -‘‘f.' 

‘'  ■•  '-y:  V ■ _ i 

'>07 }'f  fi'; 

.^..'fj',-j . ',  ... 

.n^'"M. 

riifr''  1 

.\\7U  ) 

/'A. A ■ i. 

/v  -Vu  A 

■.'.*,  W v» 

' '■  - •',  J'v  ’ "■  ■■  >13' V"  ; , ' A ■ 

';  .»/  i!  » '77  I ••2'..-:,.T  ’/•i..  1.1 

•'.imt>-:l-.-.,-l  ‘.  Af’*'  111  J'K^:^A  •'■;<*'  '•. > ,‘.‘i  ■ «r  j 

;rri>q  ‘n-.  iJu.'  ^.7  }.^i;ri>iir,-.  -^r’q  "i  ' .:ivv.i*iii  v >i  '■  . 

,TJ  , 

n^-'8  a.A^7fbriifi^ .fc  j: 

' , I- ' ;'■■  | ■ '<h 

T'l  :,.  ^*,7  -.V.:  ■•■,-.  ••  tn;, 

'tfljO'.,  -;'}  rlv'r.rVr^!!;  . ;f  ; .V 

.•>;;q;l!'  ; ■ ;•,  0'>  ■d'jiJQxqqc i -iWi  4'^;r  'AAiilwii  ■‘u:/..;;;,  .,;';77.---. 
lo;!)  , 

r/ ..  . ,15  lo  m V-  = 

j !(;^riM  iU^^nrrj 

' .•••.I;_->7'.„4  {i.up^rrn  n'^ /lijw  .7.;,:-^ 

i f»W  'Ct{-:»  yb:jM •!:>■) if  j •.-}."• 

i qii-.'vi jiS^v^orr  rrcj  1 'ti  c -..  : A; 

•jij  .'.!■■;  ‘^7  i*  ,ii:-:,l 

ri  _ rr-  ■■ 

'.  . -A''.  *'*’ 

I'.l  -sfA-.s:/;;./':,' I:.:  lAA  -Avk:  _,A^^  'Aw^-V' 

(W-  ■ >7  * ■'*'  . ■ -ai^;.»vw.,,  i,.,,-i  , ,-_ 


I- 


f 292  ] 


L Y T H R U M hyffoplfollum. 

HyJfop4eaved  Grafs -poly. 


DODECANDRIA  Monogynla. 

Gen.  Char.  Cal.  with  12  teeth.  Petals  6,  inferted 
into  the  calyx.  Capfule  with  2 cells,  and  many 
feeds. 

Spec.  Char.  Leaves  alternate,  linear-lanceolate.  Sta- 
mina lix. 

Syn.  Lythrum  hytlopifolium.  Sihih.  Ox.  149. 

L.  Hydbpifolia.  Linn.  Sp.  FI.  642.  Hndf  FI. 
An.  206.  JVith.  Bot.  Arr.  490.  ReJh.  Cant.  183. 

Salicaria  Hyfibpi  folio  latiore,  & anguftiore.  Rail 
Sy7i.  367. 


O NE  of  our  rarer  EugliOi  plants,  for  which  we  are  obliged 
to  the  Rev.  Mr.  Abbot  of  Eedford  and  the  Rev.  Mr.  Hemlled 
of  Newmarket.  It  grows  in  pits  and  ditches  which  are  partly 
dried  up,  or  in  places  where  water  has  ftagnated  during  winter. 

The  root  is  annual,  tapering,  and  not  much  branched.  Stems 
feveral ; the  principal  eredl,  often  branched  ; lateral  ones  fpread- 
ing  and  curved  upwards  j all  fquare,  purplifli,  fmooth,  clothed 
with  numerous,  alternate,  fmooth,  entire,  linear-lanceolate 
leaves,  foine  of  which  now  and  then  approach  to  an  elliptical 
figure.  Flowers  folitary,  axillary,  feffile,  delicate  and  fhort- 
lived,  appearing  in  July,  purple,  and  of  a regular  figure,  as  we 
think  ail  true  fpecies  of  Lythrum  ought  to  be,  though  Linnjeus 
has  admitted  fome  with  very  unequal  petals.  They  have  gene- 
rally 12  teeth  to  the  calyx,  alternately  ere6l  and  fpreading,  6 
petals,  and  as  many  ftamina ; but  fome  flowers  have  only  10 
teeth,  5 petals  and  5 ftamina,  or  (as  Linnieus  fays)  exclude  a 
fixth  part  of  the  natural  number  in  their  fructification.  The 
feeds  are  exceedingly  numerous  and  minute. 

We  have  ventured,  with  profeflbr  Sibthorp,  to  make  the  Lin- 
nxan  fubftantive  fpecific  name  into  an  adjective,  as  on  former 
occafions  v/here  it  could  be  done. 


♦ 


s\. 


V 


[ m ] 

LICHEN  glomullferus. 

Ball-bearing  Lichen^ 

CRTPrOGAMIA  Alga, 

Gen.  Char.  Male,  fcattered  warts. 

Female,  fmooth  fhlelds  or  ta])ercles,  in  which  the 
feeds  are  imbedded. 

Spec.  Char.-  Foliaceous,  creeping,  even  and  glaucous 
above,  bearing  dark-green,  branched,  tufted  ex- 
crefcences.  Shields  tawny. 

Sym.  Lichen  glomuliferus.  Light/,  Scot.  853. 

L.  laciniatus.  HndJ.  FI.  An.  544.  IFith.  Bot.  Arr, 

ir  3.  198. 

Lichenoides  fubglancum  cumatile,  foliis  tcnacibus, 
eleganter  laciniatis.  Dill.  Mufe.  197.  t.  26.  f.  99. 

This  is  by  far  the  largeft  aiui  broacleft  Lichen  known,  often 
meafuring  two  or  three  feet  in  diameter,  and  therefore  Scopoli’s 
original  name  amplifflmus  ought  not  to  have  been  changed  ; but 
Mr.  Lightfoot’s  is  fo  apt,  and  has  been  fo  generally  adopted  by 
pra6lical  botanifts,  we  retain  it  in  preference  to  that  given  by 
Mr*  Kudfon,  laciniatin^  which  is  not  exprelTive  nor  diferiminative 
at  all. 

Lichen  glamulifeirns  is  found  on  the  trunks  of  trees  in  old 
mountainous  woods  in  England,  Scotland,  and  Wales,  very 
abundantly  in  Colonel  Johnes’s  woods  at  Hafod,  where  ours 
was  gathered.  Its  fronds  fpread  loofely  over  the  bark,  a little 
imbricated,  of  a pale  glaucous  green  above  M’hen  moilt,  whitifh 
grey  when  dry,  very  fmooth,  fcarcely  ever  rugged  \ beneath 
downy,  light  reddifh  brown,  the  margin  white.  They  are  ele- 
gantly lobed  and  fcalloped,  the  lobes  being  all  round,  and  the 
little  fmufes  between  them  often  quite  circular.  The  fhields 
are  numerous,  and  by  no  means  very  rarely  produced,  not  large, 
a little  elevated,  their  margin  fmooth,  of  the  colour  and  fub- 
ftance  of  the  frond,  out  of  which  indeed  it  is  formed  by  the 
gradual  elevation  and  increafe  of  the  (hield  from  a fmall  im- 
merfed  point ; the  dilk  is  concave,  of  a browmilh  orange-co- 
lour, darker  when  dry.  Befides  thefe  fhields  remarkable  tufts 
or  balls,  of  a dark-green  foft  branchy  fubitance,  wdth  a folid 
white  ilem,  arife  out  of  the  frond.  dTefe  are  more  frequent 
than  the  fhields,  found  on  the  fame  individual  plants,  and  dif- 
tinguifh  the  fpecies,  being  fuppofed  to  have  a fhare  in  the  fruc- 
tification. We  will  not  add  any  new  conjcdlures  to  thofe  to  be 
found  in  Withering  and  I/ightfoot,  in  both  wFich  authors  this 
curious  plant  is  w'ell  deferibed. 


-293. 


'K  'l  f . 

- ,•»  I -■ 

■S'  .i, 

-'A 


I 


J 


.WiW.  A \\vy\y.  y4v^v  \*\ 


. -,.  •■'  K’yvfiA.OOT  ’i  A,V.  '"  ■ 

.’Mu'}}  -I  ’jrAh/\  ,'AvAl.  .iif  iiO  iD 

'>rl]  A-nA'u  f\\  ^^-Ayndiii  ‘H'  rhljuu  ih  -ruTil  />ii;nio'i 

,1:  .’;;  'jd!fu‘ 'nr. 


f'jrii  irxlf J vj;?aii/|o  r:  ..'i/ji  J /j.-f 

]jrn;  7s:v/oh  ;-L  ))i:rryi'> 

’V-  Id  .rUVWiCHi  .ii  ;7  1l!<)f\il/£  ' . 

.'vi'ACV  .1:,i8  ^.\V\'6  .'\V'i.5y^  ir;rIjLr  .z/(8 


L% • 


vV  ' s 'a 


(A  'c 


.\ 


:j3’  'jiy'Jl  rMfr/''yr'.o 

• ,g  .p*^  .^KvV.  . '"^^^yrdn'irfkfi  r di  );;j'‘I. /iiijiiJfi 

.'i  .>'-1  .'.’AyAfi  .VuCr  ^Mf-riiv  A'/ I .A 

...V  ■■  -"v?  1-' 


. ■ '■■.'■''rA'.  ■■  - ■ • ^ 

= ];/  'i\r.-7.;<],  Iki  TWO  f7r  W J, !/>!/;  T -;  fi  ;n‘  i'v\vA  r A ) ! .L 

‘•'lli;  5-xruwi  itijJir.Tq  tj  Jl ' :K*>vyj^fi  htiiJiih  vii:.  .-I'f  '-; 

')‘i  J.'0‘-»rr.rr:  cAA  ;.i 

•;.  v:if;fq  j-  *01^  ‘ i'j  7.17  lo  .,i 

^W4;i  7 -M’jo.r*:  .Kii  .'I'j4.v'  V'.wi.: 

. ■ ' .Tfjolo  / o}  V:'^;!qq<; 

;:  'd  'A  7 OLiq  irj  i>nus(k.  d-  .:.w  ov'At^J  a^io!»q'i-  ;;  Ti’ 

■ .<jf  ■■^}(r.i>t>ql[|;;;(  ^vlT-rj.'xp'vd  '•i<.;>A 

- ; ■ r grir.k  ri  y7r{|  fr;o*il  a^'^'sHih  d -bhuhjuUiii-^y/ 

; yi  '...7  u:;7-i;  1?  suif-fJHv/  ^5viii:vJ 

T djkdvA  .7.iA’'  .rvAiuf  ;.k!  :;i  V'i';  yy^'.l  N .-ijofoj 
,.  •'  . fii  ■ ••■...  .Aiix  ^j;0J;>v--Ip  ii\b3’j}:Lo7q 

.^;.dyTl>  y,i  iii:yid  .y  ..tI.  'Jyii; 


m 


m.  I 


[ 294  ] 


L I C H E N kjete-virens. 

Bright  'green  L i chen . 


CRT  Pr  OGAM  I A Alga. 

Gen.  Char,  Malc^  fcattered  warts. 

Female,  Imoath  fliields  or  tubercles,  in  which  the 
feeds  are  imbedded. 

Spec.  Char.  Foliaceous,  creeping,  obtufely  lobed  and 
crenated  ; bright  green  above ; whitidi,  downy  and 
without  veins  beneath.  Shields  tawny. 

Syn.  Lichen  laete-virens.  Light/ . Scot.  852.  Dick/ 

Dr.  PI.  23. 

L.  herbaceus.  IIucl/.  FI.  An.  544.  JVith.  Bol.  Arr. 
^ 3-  195- 

Lichenoides  arboreum  cinereo  virens,  tenue  & laeve 
ubique,  feutellis  minoribus.  llaii  Syn.  73. 

L.  laete  virens,  feutellis  fulvis.  Dill.  jMu/c.  195.  t.  2 j. 

/.  98. 

X HIS  Lichen  is  next  akin  to  that  in  our  lad  plate,  but  a 
pcrfetfdy  diftin£l  fpecies.  We  prefer  Mr.  Lightfoot’s  name  alfo 
in  this  inilance,  becaufe  it  has  been  mod  generally  received,  and 
is  exprefhve  of  the  peculiarly  beautiful  green  which  this  plant  af- 
fumes  when  moidened.  Befides,  herbaceus  in  botanical  language 
is  too  generally  ufed  to  exprefs  duration,  to  be  intelligible  when 
applied  to  colour. 

The  fpecies  before  us  is  found  in  fimiiar  places  with  the 
preceding,  but  more  frequently,  efpecially  in  Derbyddre  and 
Wedmoreland.  It  differs  from  that  in  being  thinner,  lefs  ex- 
tenfive,  without  the  tufted  excrefcences,  and  of  a very  different 
colour.  When  dry  it  becomes  brown.  Th.e  diields  are  copioully 
produced,  a little  elevated,  their  margin  fmooth,  turned  in, 
their  dilk  deep  orange,  turning  brown  in  drying. 


'IT 


’ '(^ 


i 

i 


. V . 

'‘‘i; 


;W:  ■'. 

TCi*  - , V 


V.; 

V‘ 


t - 


^ ; 
>:■  ,; 
t ^ 


.■'m 


. ■■■  ■'i.' 


1' 


j/'  ":i  o i /:  :i  ' “JT 


V 


5>,-i  ' ’■ 


:.3^  ..:5;.).  .. 


‘X^;  - ' fX:^- '•  :#;.  ’ " ■ ■ .v»‘ ' ' / - r. 

• fk'-  ^ '.'  ^ ,. 

V }k}L  ct^  - .2  •■  ^ .^' ;’ *n|:-  ■ •,  < f 


mm 


7f  T'^'^  '■ 


«■,■>,>  ■•  : ■:.---  ;'r«r^h 

y# '{' -■■  - w?- 

lKi',';'.v.;p,ri)  • IT' ,;b- . ^',\-tia4 


’ . . *■  '■ ' ^ JW/'-  r/- ";'yx'T  ;y.:t:^ , -i  ,. 


I':-.:--".'  "■■■•■ 


4 .V  .,;. 

y^.lll^..;«  


i'.V,4. 


'‘  ‘^llll  ftJ  h iWteliilllVftilil  ^ j‘ 


[ 295  3 

HYPERICUM  perforatum. 

Perforated  St,  fohiis  Wort, 


POLTADELPHIA  Polyandrla. 

Gen.  Char.  Cal.  5-cleft.  Petals  5.  P'llaments  nu- 
merous, united  at  the  bafe  into  3 or  5 fets.  Cap- 
ful e roundifh. 

Spec.  Char.  Styles  three.  Stem  two-edged.  Leaves 
obtufe,  fprinkled  with  pellucid  dots.  Calyx-leaves 
lanceolate. 

Syn.  Hypericum  perforatum.  Lhm.  Sp.  PL  1105. 
Hudf.  FI.  A?i.  333.  IVith.  Bot.  Arr.  813.  Relh. 
Cant.  288.  S'lbth.  Ox.  234.  Curt.  Loud.  Fafc.  i. 
t.  57.  JVoodv.  Med.  Bot.  29.  /.  10. 

Hypericum.  Rail  Syn.  342. 

extremely  common  plant  in  groves,  thickets,  and  under 
hedges,  flowering  about  July  and  Auguft. 

Its  woody  creeping  perennial  roots  make  it  very  difiicult  to 
be  extirpated.  They  throw  up  numerous  Hems,  about  two  feet 
high,  perfectly  erect,  leafy,  roundifli,  but  marked  with  two  pro- 
minent lines  running  down  from  the  infercion  of  every  pair  of 
leaves,  which  render  the  Item  two-edged.  Leaves  oppofite,  each 
pair  croflTing  thofe  below  them,  oblong,  fomewhat  elliptical, 
bluntlfli,  entire,  with  one  main  rib  and  feveral  ftraight  veins 
fpringing  from  it,  paler  and  fomewhat  glaucous  beneath, 
fprinkled  with  numerous  green  pellucid  dots,  eafily  feen  when 
held  againfl:  the  light,  and  marked  befides  with  a few  dark 
purple  opaque  dots,  efpecially  on  the  margin.  A fhort  Ample 
leafy  branch  arifes  from  the  bofom  of  each  leaf,  the  upper  ones 
bearing  flowers,  and  forming  a forked  leafy  panicle  termi- 
nating the  ftem.  The  flowers  are  bright  yellow,  and  not  in- 
elegant. Calyx-leaves  lanceolate,  pointed,  entire.  Petals  entire 
at  one  edge,  crenate  at  the  other.  Antherae  tipped  with  a dark 
purple  gland.  Stigmas  whitifli  in  our  fpecimens,  though  by 
fome  writers  deferibed  as  crimfon.  The  edges  of  the  calyx  and 
petals,  as  well  as  their  external  furface,  are  marked  with  dark 
purple  fpots  and  lines,  containing  a red  eflential  oil  foluble  in 
Ipirits,  but  the  aromatic  qualities  of  the  herb  appear  not  to  be 
confined  to  thefe  fpots. 


1 


•j 


M 


I 


■< 


t 


t' ■ 


m 


iife  • '*' 


’v,.  , 1 

•’C 


' If.  - Ki- 

- '7 ‘ '■  ' .!  '♦  - ■ 

jfhif  /-.  '..  ;v  - ;•■ 


.."'j 


V ‘■'  '■'■'■■'•  ’"■"'I'*"  ■’ ""'  ■'“  '* 

’ z ')iiV4  , ,,-  # 

‘ Jiaiy  <••  v ter',.r Jr  j • ' , A { 

■'  '^-'^  . hi"  ' -• 

. n;.^)  Pi  f-f  ;.'J'^r.>k'VV  '.  , 

H ?>1AJ  4 .v,’'  VI.  Kviilw  -■/*  , .'r.v  |r; 


riA, 

yd 

V it  ’’f  . 


y •..rt^'iaii.UO  ‘.■5;‘'  r.i.-^u  flrrj^  fj. 

V.  :.:\rv^%»A  {i^ism  Xi,  ,.;.:!^  v/u, 

■><.  »isil-«  •;i^i  fwi5a..(iii  fim',;!  tui  tiifeU-Vv>.-ii<  I'l 

£*;,  ^ . 

}frr'»'7fc' 


, ,'^  If'X''  - ■ '''  . . • Kr".  '"’ ••'■■  " ■ ' ' 


[ 296  ] 


HYPERICUM  dubium. 

Imperforate  St.  fobns  Wort. 


POLTADELPHIA  Polyandrla. 

Ohn.  Char.  Cal,  5-cleft.  Petals  5.  Filaments  nu- 
merous, united  at  the  bafe  into  3 or  5 fets.  Capjule 
roundifh, 

OPEC.  Char.  Styles  three.  Stem  obfoletely  four- 
edged.  Leaves  obtufe,  deftitute  of  pellucid  dots. 
Cal y x-1  eaves  el lipt ical . 

Syn.  Hypericum  dubium.  Leers  FI.  Herborn.  16^. 


H AT  this  is  a moft  difliiKd;  fpecies  of  Hypencum  from  tlie 
perforatinn  and  all  others  there  can  be  no  doubt,  though  it  feems 
to  have  efcaped  the  notice  of  every  author  except  the  accurate 
Leers,  not  being  mentioned  even  as  a variety  by  any  other  that 
we  can  find.  Neither  is  it,  as  Leers  was  induced  to  fufpe^f,  the 
H.  peyfoliatiim  of  Liniireus.  This  addition  to  our  catalogue  of 
Britifli  natives  was  difeovered  in  July  1794  by  Dr.  John  Seward 
of  Vforcefter,  growing  plentifully  about  Sapey  in  that  county, 
and  was  afeertained  by  the  Rev.  Mr.  Douglas  to  be  the  H.  du- 
hium  of  Leers.  Dr.  Smith  has  received  it  from  Switzerland, 
by  favour  of  Mr.  Davall,  under  the  fame  denomination,  and 
found  it  himfelf  very  abundantly  iaib  Auguft  about  Colonel 
Johnes’s  delightful  and  romantic  place  at  Hafod,  Cardiganlhire, 
as  well  as  in  Mr.  Knight’s  fine  woods  at  Downton  Callle  near 
Ludlow,  where  it  is  much  more  common  than  the  perforatum. 
It  may  perhaps  be  found  in  other  parts  of  our  iiland  when  ac- 
curately fought  for. 

In  habit,  lize,  and  colour,  this  plant  very  nearly  agrees  with 
the  perforation^  but  differs  effentially  from  that  fpecies  in  having 
no  pellucid  dots  apparent  on  the  leaves,  and  in  the  calyx-leaves 
being  elliptical  and  obtufe.  The  latter  indeed,  and  even  the 
bradlea^,  are  fprinkled  v/ith  pellucid  dots  and  lines,  and  the 
petals,  as  well  as  the  edges  of  the  leaves,  marked  with  opaque 
purple,  as  in  that  *,  but  in  addition  to  the  above  differences,  the 
flem  of  H.  dubium  is  in  the  upper  part  almoft  quadrangular  j 
and  it  may  even  be  known  before  it  comes  out  of  the  ground, 
by  the  much  more  vivid  red  of  the  young  fhoots. 


ijg  bf'nhh'hTb  bf  J-'  fow-eLi^ 


r ‘rr>r_,  1 


A'l--  - ’ 


’Vv'^  /vH^K’ 

■»i4-*'-r  u 


• jv'  •■•'»■ 

-:i ,r  ..'iv .,-  ^^fl‘^'''.':.t'.iv  .'\.V) 
-'t;r  . ' '■■  i .-  ->  <;u  /-  ■. . r.  ^ : . 


/ y‘^\  ' ,.  p];.  luT'') 


va.V'V. 


7: 


1 1 


,?,boo7.'  , .f  l■‘  .':' 

^■ri/7'vv7r  : 

v<-.  ''’;ini7v"W  .'■  .4r^,rf<r ,.- ;r  ;, 'ii;  • ».■  . 

,N'X ilt w^:/. ',  ?'!•  . >'''(,-  'rr'/op0  ' 

v v.r-,i<p  v:'i  ft»i  ' f'-'  ’ " .'b'<  • _ 

.:■  •)  :.'p  i;.vrk/  ■•  jl  /i ‘!;»l  V ■ ' 


O’S^ 

:i 


rJ  '-.A  : . •’  K j - >*  V 

i>rts-  \iw 

hni; 


v/1^ ;■''-> i ;.  tu:‘Jti  <b.(:,  . ' 
>■" /I  v;  bjf*;'  ;;;'■<  ■■  ■ no  Jii.)/,. 

; .(.r}0''.fyf‘  ,i'  i ‘ '*  i s* 

f^p'P  0^  •.  ' . ' : .Tji  1 ^cm 

d::'^h'i''''  If  pi  ''  ‘ ' * 


iitii 


.*,'<!  f.  ; 

'1,  .5  •, ; ; s '^>' 


.'t'f'i;  'Ipi if.  r 


“J  • ■ 


'dn.'i.iKi 


X . ■ Ti  ’ - -'>  • (1  ’ ' ' ' % tfr  Zi  i f ^ 


f'"  , ' ’.“b  .'Al  .iv! 


■.  ■■  m,  'pd 

•' ;i  f't' • ' *”?  y'p  '-,:■  . -'i  bn  r,r;,  iti' ^ih'^3  '■'  .r/joh'  'i 

;.‘r'*  '1  ' )W.  u‘i  h&rx:i>lco  iwiftfifi  v’‘:i‘: 

A p:iO  ji id  'ip^xp. 


. n? 


[ 297  ] 

A Q^U  I L E G I A vulgaris. 

Common  Columbine, 


POL  T A N D P I A Pentagynia. 

Gen.  Char.  Cal.  none.  Petals  5.  Nectaries  5,  horn- 
fliaped,  alternate  with  the  petals.  Capfules  5,  dif- 
tindt. 

Spec.  Char.  Nedtaries  equal  to  the  petals;  their  horns 
incurved.  Leaves  and  ftem  fmooth. 

Syn.  Aquilegia  vulgaris.  Lhin.  Sp.  PI.  752.  JIudJ. 
FI.  An.  235.  IFith.  Bot.  Arr.  562.  Relh.  Cant.  207. 
Sibth.  Ox.  169. 

A.  flore  fimplici.  Rail  Syn.  273. 


Ci  O L U M BINES  in  a wild  ilate  are  found  in  woods, 
thickets,  and  paftures  in  feveral  parts  of  England.  They  are 
not  rare  in  Derbyfliire  and  Weidmoreland.  Mr.  "Wagtlaffe  of 
Norwich  fent  us  a fpecimen  from  that  neighbourhood,  where, 
Specially  about  the  meadows  at  St.  Faith’s  Newton,  the  plant 
grows  perfedlly  wild,  flowering  in  June.  From  its  frequency 
in  gardens,  it  fometimes  occurs  (of  various  forms  and  colours) 
about  dunghills,  but  is  feldom  permanent  in  fuch  places. 

The  root  is  perennial.  Stem  not  very  leafy,  branched,  each 
branch  bearing  a foiitary  drooping  flower.  Leaves  moftly  ra- 
dical, on  very  long  foot-ftalks,  twice  ternate,  obtufely  lobed, 
glaucous  beneath,  fmooth ; thofe  on  the  ftem  nearly  felTile,  and 
more  Ample,  the  uppermoft  confifting  of  3 entire  and  acute 
leaflets.  Sometimes  the  ftem  bears  only  fuch.  The  ftem  is 
purplilh  and  glaucous.  Flowers  purple,  rarely  rofe-coloured. 
Germens  invefted  with  a plaited  lacerated  membrane. 

In  mountainous  fltuations  what  the  plant  lofes  in  luxuriance 
it  gains  in  neatnefs  and  elegance  of  foliage,  and  then  the  nec- 
taries are  fometimes  found  rather  lefs  curved.  Hence  Mr. 
Hudfon  thought  he  had  difeovered  A.  aJpina  in  Weftmoreland ; 
but  on  feeing  Dr.  Smith’s  fpecimens  of  the  true  Alpine  Colum- 
bine from  Mount  Cenis,  he  allowed  it  to  be  quite  diftinef  from 
any  thing  he  had  obferved  of  Britifli  growth.  Our  Flora  there- 
fore can  properly  boaft  but  one  fpecies  of  this  genus. 


zgi. 


, 1 


' V 


:V;** 


i 


f 


i 


' ' ^ Vk'v^  ' t 

ii., ‘'.  "'  ■^'-4' 

•’  - . ■ 

' <1  I '■'  ' ' > ■ . " 

_ j6-i  ■.'i\\  nh-  A i'Vt'?  .'?:>^  ivl 

• !'  I •:  ^ T -'t  ' ;“  ' 


:u  .'i  i'  .v;-".  '■'  I . ' 

,i£;'  "■'  ■ '■'  ' - '^ ' ' ' ' . . -v 

/ § ' ■',  :'•  • V , 


[ 298  ] 

G R A T jE  G U S torminalls. 


Wild  Service  'Tree, 


ICOSANDRIA  Digynla. 

Gen.  Char.  CaJ,  in  5 fegments.  Petals  5.  Berry  in- 
ferior, with  2 feeds. 

Spec.  Char.  Leaves  fomewhat  heart-fhaped,  ferrated, 
fcven-lobcd  ; the  lower  lobes  divaricating. 

Syn.  Crataegus  torminalis.  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  6^^!,  Hudf, 
PI.  An.  214.  With.  Bot.  Arr.  5 1 1 . Sibth.  Ox.  136. 

Mefpilus  Apii  folio  fylveftris  non  fpinofa,  feu  Sorbus 
torininalis.  Ilaii  Syn,  453. 


r HIS  tree  is  mod  frequent  in  the  north-weft  and  midland 
counties,  though  alfo  found  here  and  there  in  Eflex,  Suffolk, 
and  Norfolk.  We  received  it  wild  from  Mr.  Woodward. 

It  is  of  confiderable  fize,  but  of  flow  growth,  and  the  wood 
is  confequently  hard.  The  bark  is  fmooth  and  afti-coloured. 
Young  branches  green  and  flightly  downy,  clothed  with  alter- 
nate handfome  fmooth  leaves,  of  a firm  not  fucculent  fubftance, 
always  more  or  lei's  accurately  y-lobed,  reticulated  with  fmall 
veins,  ferrated,  deciduous.  Flowers  numerous,  in  large  ter- 
minal cymofe  panicles,  appearing  early  in  May;  their  fiower- 
flalks  and  calyx  downy;  petals  cream-coloured;  ftyles  3,  4,  or 
5,  and  the  feeds  in  proportion,  an  inftance  (among  many  others) 
how  very  ill-founded  the  orders  and  genera  are  of  Linnaeus’s 
Icofandria  'Dlgynia,  Trigynia,  and  Pentagynia^  as  Haller  and  his 
difciples  long  ago  contended. 

The  fruit  of  this  tree  ripens  late  in  autumn,  and  forms 
panicles  of  brown  punffated  berries,  larger  than  thofe  of  the 
Hawthorn,  which,  when  the  froft  has  touched  them,  are  of  an 
exceedingly  pleafant  acid  flavour,  and  are  fometimes  fold  in  the 
London  fruit-fliops.  They  are  efleemed  ftrengthening  to  the 
ffomach  and  bowels.  Old  Tragus,  whofe  figures  and  their  ac- 
companiments fometimes  exprefs  the  virtues  of  plants  with 
more  truth  than  decorum,  gives  a ludicrous  exhibition  of  two 
little  boys  under  this  kind  of  Service  tree,  p.  1010,  in  order 
to  illuflrate  its  (apparently  very  powerful)  etfe6ls  in  expelling 
worms. 


/ 


• ■ ■■  f i5g2  ■•}  ■ • ;, 

v{-  -T'’-  ^ ■■,,;•  . . ' 

au  ^}f  A d o SI  AH  ^ a 


A\^Sa, 

/■  ' 1: .•  .’  ■' 


■■ 

jJAfi  J ./.aO 


c.  .^4K  k \ \tv  K 't)  0 T 'i  t SV  0 

rm  -AivA  ' .hobfvibf[i/^;oloL»hJfifr/  Ai;v> 

,.  ‘ . fs  oNii  ,>iJO-|f>rnwn  ' 

-.:/  ■ ; ‘/‘ ■"■  • •^ak'5  .D3?^S 

.4.  .w)  iVvlfi  Mmmhn  ^ahDprrj)  f'aqviDcri'Rtlqd  .yrrS 

. t ‘X^  y:^l.  w ao^y^^,T  ' 


Mi\  .8 


* Vt  ^ -C  . .\c^l 


;inc  .swaiO  ^ 

fjl  ,bTr.  A^booW  * 

,^fcq  fiiiliiom'  n^inr^  fihftj^oAj  n'l  vi'noiqo:)  ail j ^rh'fyro 

p^rUitTjjiij/irb  9WtJ  XiiGn;>')  A .iifu;!  :ji>rcirtfi  rto  '^hc(i5jij 

.fff5  lis  sfyfOdJ  t93no  n ii35fl  /4Vf,if  nu’W  rAorb  6j  il^r^  Jn  ii 

;if:o4  o\  f^vrifl  vi,.in  oiuvk^,hiir.  Lbjxi?iufx 

jnniii’*/ wwrtSV  Ikm'i  i?  or»t'f^idrn>^vi  f U ami  h'^’  ^ voyllbpu 
i^«il  lixd  ^ffJX,1q  fiixlJ  bit^oV  tJim  fitvi.  .f=‘. . 


t^^uor^hmm  har-  «?  lfui*»*| 

ii.Af:tno^nodyhfi7fa\tnnt}i^r  rti  khr.-rl  gj/oDurla 


>doxf7ib.tff;lnoxnGdj(hii>a‘,^iMf«i!:;^'rj  khr,.:Tl  ?j/ODHrI^ 

-00  illb  ‘li^ffl  vd  hiiuGT;^  sif , 

iwmviii  fiG  lo  /yfriD  jfdj  dib/  hr'jy 


♦ L>:’:;ul>jq  *bsio  7fi’^‘>0iv  10 


; btjfkiifloo  35iiho  gti  J5a0^/xTf)ivb;«*.d/J3Jtr^^  }o 


vh  lo  mqilod  G/h  ni  e sal/rnoV  ^ 

-do  ilwbiM  en  Jjne  g rii^'  h^djolo  ^x^lso  _ - 

-^•'^  rflibn3  qdt  /rcdyloKl  al/I 

g-TK  0 W ' .tiWW^*tulL.  hu  afh^rhnu  ^Hicrsj 

np  ?«if  d:r'- 

:-;n'.;:i  bni^tio  t'il^HoiM  Mill  fiohn'i^dihh 


ojL-MnA.  Sdl  'bi;:tol).:; 

i(\iL  .i  TJ/0^5^1)  r;^kwi^'^  ffroil  L'.V.t^ 


'ib 


itf  :fi  iQj)  f.»rjrt  ;iti^!^;;i  |>i 


/:'uvA  '.5Ji 

Jd  f.iif  jpii  '.'i.tjf'jfir^  CJ 


kitoiuduiimp  Ajihj'jcl  ?.?il  jpu  ■Ytjl'jfir^  V->_  ' • 

f .n'.^  ’v^>tt  ■«  01  Idd.  riz^ijodij  . 


^4 


m. 


m 


ibsifri 


..  h 

♦i'- 

k:. 


'#'■ 


N.vS. 


m 


[ 299  1 

SPH-^iROCARPUS  terreRrls. 

Reticulated  Spheerocarpus. 

CRT  PrOGAMIA  Alga. 

Gen.  Char.  Cal.  veritricofe,  undivided.  Seeds  very 
numerous,  colledled  into  a globe. 

Spec.  Char 

Syn.  Sphaerocarpus  terreftris,  minima.  Mich-  Gen.  4. 
t,  3.  Dill.  Mufc.  536.  t.  78./.  17. 

Targionia  fpbaerocarpus.  Dickf.  Fafc.  i.  8.  fVith. 
Bot.  Arr.  V.  2>'  ^57* 

Observed  by  the  Rev.  Mr.  Bryant,  Mr.  Crowe,  and 
Mr.  Woodward,  in  clover,  turnep,  and  other  fields  in  Norfolk, 
covering  the  earth  coploufly  in  the  moift  winter  months,  par- 
ticularly on  ftrong  land.  A certain  glaucous  hue  diftinguifhes 
it  at  firft  fight  to  thofe  who  have  feen  it  once,  though  its  mi- 
nutenefs  and  figure  may  have  occafioned  its  remaining  fo  long 
undifcovered,  from  its  refemblance  to  a fmall  Bryum  without 
frutflification.  Even  Dillenius  never  found  this  plant,  but  has 
taken  it  up  on  Micheli’s  authority. 

The  whole  habit  is  very  delicate  and  membranous,  of  a pale 
glaucous  green.  Fronds  in  clufters,  nearly  horizontal,  attached 
to  the  ground  by  fnort  radicles,  oblong,  waved,  their  dilk  co- 
vered with  tufts  of  the  frudlificatlon.  Calyx  of  an  Inverted 
pear-fhape,  like  a little  bottle  or  vinegar  cruet,  erecT,  pellucid, 
of  a finely  reticulated  ftriiclure  *,  its  orifice  contradfed  and  a 
little  notched.  Seeds  forming  a globe  in  the  bottom  of  the 
calyx,  clothed  with  a fine  tranfparent  fidn,  and,  as  Micheli  ob- 
ferves,  not  intermixed  with  any  fibres. 

Mr.  Dlckfon  firft  made  this  plant  known  to  the  Englifh  bo- 
tanift,  and  reduced  it  to  the  genus  of  Targionia.  We  are  very 
loath  to  difient  from  our  great  Cryptogamift,  but  on  mature 
deliberation  think  it  fafeft  to  retain  Micheli’s  original  genus, 
the  efiential  characfler  being  fo  very  clear,  and  the  habit  fo 
totally  diftin£l:  from  the  true  Targionia  (fee  our  t.  287),  which 
is  of  the  fame  natural  tribe  as  Marchojitia ; whereas  Sph^zro- 
carpus  is  clofely  allied  to  Blafia  in  habit,  and  not  far  remote  in 
generic  charadier.  As  to  the  name,  w'e  retain  it  on  the  ground 
of  originality,  though  writers  on  Fungi  have  applied  it  to  fome 
genus  of  their  own,  and  Gmelin  in  his  heedlefs  compilations 
has  called  a plant  in  Monandria  Spharocarpus.  It  is  beft  never 
to  apply  any  old  name  (though  laid  afide)  to  a new  genus ; 
but  the  found  principles  of  nomenclature  have  of  late  been  too 
much  flighted. 


'■.'Vi'. 


: »■ 


jTv  ^ 


- T-  . 


,.  -1' 


. V.  \V’ A 


{r  ;r\ , H 


v'..v..  :::Ii  <yiy 


Til-  H.'d  ;.  r 7tf  ''d; /-V,.  ‘ ,:.- 

raii.  fevrj>'j,i  lo  *:<  ■ .. . ■y.i  •/•■■vv 


%> fv..  . -.-  N ;> 

■ i*.v  ivl  -:  *"  \ \ . ' f.  "i voi;,-' It. 

./  ■ .,  '■,  ‘ ■.:■  / .!*'■.; -v; . . r'uHi 

■ 


'.‘-t 

'•'i'-'  ' ii'  \ •:  >■'■? 

/:  i'-  - r/'-d  ./  f '.-o'  -r'V  y',' 

’ ^i&.'jWv'fV  Jv'Ij  Vd  iid?  :-•'  r-Y.-j  rui:  .■< 

,:;  Mirvsa:  Jr.  1,  jfjd  (;  ia  •.vit;  vn.h  p •-'■v 

ir  ..K'*!!?-:/!*- ^ 'iTi'::  Y 

. '•  ,:;yv,,  ’-p’.!'  : ■'■  '■f!?  ; 'i  v;  . r' 

' '•*'  i'  ■ v>  ■■>  1 /’<•.* ^i'.-’: j.  jJ:  ;v 

■ ‘ • --.Yirr.,  -=,•:  Ji-ii'i  tr.<; 

.:  n.-r^  ' /.U  P PYr  ■■  % /r ';r/ t'.'Vr  •■>  ■'  : ‘fT;,v  ■■  ■'■ ' •t  •■>.: 

^ . '•■  dWo'dl  ' *r;o/ i;*  / y 

v;.H'-a  py::  ■■  .1  t ■ ,., 

s'.'  lw'jcj;ii  ; rY; . ^ ■' '^  ^ .Lji  ly-irruj*!'  .»  ■ . i 

••'V./oJ  lUi.i-p  ..‘iX'ff  j;'fv:  fir  d,  _ rd>frm''3<Y: ' ■ ’ ’>• 


POi 


'(  •Pv'i  -P 

’ ' s'  i,'"’'  '' 


t : ' 


..cwd^k  . . . '7 

r,‘’Y;T  'ji'  v.  ruh 


vJ^vTfVh, 


1 - ;-■  t:;l 


> V 


, , ^ ' '/‘V" 

■s . iss'lii f.  • 


[ 300  ] 


LICHEN  Burgeffi!. 

Crowned  Lichen. 


CRYPrOGAMIA  Alg^. 

Gen.  Char.  Male,  fcattered  warts. 

F'emale,  fmooth  fiiiekls  or  tubercles,  in  which  the 
feeds  are  imbedded. 

Spec.  Char.  Leafy,  fomewhat  imbricated,  curled. 
Shields  elevated,  brown,  fiightly  concave,  with  a 
green,  leafy,  curled  and  finuatcd  border. 

Syn.  Lichen  Burgeilii.  Lirm.  Sxji.  Veg,  eJ.  13.  807. 
Lightf.  Scot.  827.  t.  16.  Hnclf.  FI.  yin.  538. 
JLith.  Bot.  An\  L".  3.  189. 


Hitherto  this  curious  Lichen  has  been  found  only  in 
Dumfriesflrire,  Scotland,  by  the  Rev.  Dr.  Burgefs,  but  our 
fpecimeiis  were  gathered  lad  fummer  on  trunks  of  trees  in 
the  wild  and  beautiful  country  about  the  Devil’s  bridge,  Car- 
diganfhire,  and  at  Hafod  in  that  neighbourhood,  by  Dr.  Smith. 
It  grows,  by  no  means  copioufly,  in  patches  about  as  broad  as 
the  hand,  the  fronds  being  lobed,  fmuated,  curled  and  cluttered 
together,  fo  as  to  elevate  one  another  into  a thick  cufhion-like 
tuft ; their  fubftance  is  thin  and  pellucid,  of  a dull  green, 
fmooth  above,  finely  downy  beneath,  when  dry  becoming  of  a 
purplilh  brown,  and  the  under  fide  whitifh  or  hoary.  The 
•fhields  arife  from  the  diflc  of  the  frond,  in  tolerable  plenty 
when  they  are  at  all  to  be  found,  and  the  frond  protruding 
with  them  makes  them  feem  pedunculated,  though  they  are 
really  fefTile  ; their  diflc  is  fiightly  concave,  fmooth,  red  brown, 
with  a narrow,  fcarcely  perceptible,  border  of  its  own  fubftance 
and  colour,  and  the  whole  enclofed  in  a luxuriant  curled  leafy 
elevated  margin  of  the  colour  and  texture  of  the  frond. 

Mr.  Lightfoot  deferibes  the  ftnelds  as,  when  wet,  of  the 
fame  colour  with  the  leaves  ; whereas  they  are  of  a rather 
brighter  brown  in  that  ftate  than  wLen  dry.  Indeed  his  whole 
defeription  is  not  made  with  all  that  attention  which  fo  new 
and  fingular  an  objedl  deferred. 


30f 


i 

j 


I 


; ■ , t*  - - V ^ 


...  •- 


\ 


- 


i 


• t- 


■i 


•-?*-. 


L 

i 


.00  A XI I i O 8 

/ • ; • ■ ■ vv ' ■ 


'-T 

m H- 


■ v:';  ’-■•  %.:;■  ■•. 

Vvi^'s.ytat) v.-fi 


. ■ ' ■“  ■ ■ *Vf'i^''  ■ ■ 


■ X, 


my  '3  ^ m.4' 

.-if'  .‘-  ’i' 

. '.  V'  ■ ' - ■ * ' " ■-■'■^■•■'^  ‘ ' ■■'^' 


® i|;&k  ■ k’  1 

1'  -A  fl-.i  -.  ’ V.  I'.'f;  V . .^ 


. >^*i:V  .'W\%  ■■.  . 


sr 


’ i dk'd  ftv>ff,jf • ^}yi 4’  ■ ■ , ; f ■■  -\ 

A,  ■ ■ .;■,,  ,-i'  • 


rU ' 21/  0 rri  »*  - ' " -*  ■ ' v >.*  ,^5-0^1^ ' ;. 

tti'via  ,'iro!  ja.  j5*nH'- a'C'k' e,(  .iij.i  -,-  / 

jyzfAjk  V^]:;«J/:;T  ,.'  .,J'f:\  I-.-rr'.  ijs";*  jf;^,  v^../  . . i 


I'V/,-"-  f 5 ■it^/-i^i2p’>  ^'Tir^-'kni  :*'{■ 
'id'nori  hiir  ? ’ •■  ■ f/.v;j?  Of  '-’  (■'xrfth  y'-i.n'v  ',yi’ 

c suiw  N‘'’i:>r;3fvi:'' '.^favro*.-  •'T ’ ' .&'i--v(>k  '.-> 


9 «r  ^ r - '.:  ’ ■ r*-y 

: ;'■':  ''•'/.A-:  ‘--^ 


r-l  Jo.'-icic  ftfi  ‘■;>#v  --^^» 

':v;  .=  Jfa:-i  ^ 


v*k 

-ii' 

„ lyr  }*  .-vlfw'.tf 'Ji-.«;\''->.|>rtob  ji/  b'/rT.’ 


irvit'!!.  ijiic /j  n xir  . ■: vffljifTl 

•io.^  ^ vils.  7f^lb3V'],.-j5;yj  .‘iiii 


[ 301  ] 


SOLIDAGO  Virgaurea. 

Commo7i  GoUen-rod. 


SYNGENESIA  P olygam'm-fuperjlua. 

Gen.  Char.  Receptacle  naked.  Drrcon  fimpic.  Li- 
gulate  florets  about  5.  Calyx-Jcales  imbricated, 
clofed. 

Spec.  Char.  Stem  flightly  zigzag,  angular.  Flower- 
cluflers  pariicled,  upright,  crowded. 

Syn.  Solidago  Virgaurea.  Linn.  Sp,  PL  i'i2)S'  Lludf, 
FI.  An.  367.  With.  Bot.  Arr.  917.  Relh.  Cant.  318. 
Sihth.  Ox.  2,54. 

Virga  aurea.  Rati  Syn.  176. 


In  woods,  copfes,  and  among  furze  upon  heathy  ground  not 
unfrequent,  flowering  from  July  to  September. 

Root  perennial,  of  long  Ample  fibres.  Stem  very  various  in 
height,  frorti  10  inches  to  3 feet,  curved  below,  then  erect, 
leafy,  very  flightly  zigzag,  angular  and  ftriated,  rough,  a little 
downy.  Leaves  harfh,  clothed  with  fhort  rigid  down,  paler 
beneath,  on  winged  footflalks  ; the  radical  o«es  obovate,  or  at 
leaif  very  broadly  lanceolate,  ferrated,  or  rather  crenate;  thofe 
on  the  item  alternate,  narrower  and  more  entire.  Flow'ers 
yellow,  in  terminal  and  axillary  erebf  clufters,  forming  a denfe 
panicle,  which  varies  extremely  as  to  luxuriance  and  number 
of  flowers.  Bra6fe3c  lanceolate,  dowmy.  Calyx-fcaies  with  a 
membranous  border,  downy.  Rays  of  the  flower  from  5 to  9 
or  io.  Seed-down  rough  when  magnified.  The  herb  bruifed 
fmeils  like  wild  carrot.  It  has  been  efteemed  a vulnerary,  and 
is  recommended  to  be  taken  internally  as  w^ell  as  applied-  to 
the  wound.  As  a tonic  it  may  ftrengthen  the  general  habit  of 
body,  and  by  that  means  be  of  ufe. 

Some  botanifts  have  fufpe^led  our  golden-rod  to  be  diflhrent 
from  the  S.  Virgaurea  of  Linnaeus,  but  on  a careful  comparifon 
of  fpecimens  we  find  them  precifely  the  fame. 


\ * jr7r 

' / 


tor  ; . . 

^ 1^1ik-i  ,'-.  ;t  ij  V /•  ? j'.  ,,t. 

tni  . V)  . 


K; ' 


4 > 

I 


■'  V 


, Ail, /v;0  . .i(.f  hO  'A-7-) 


•■  ■■■F  i.-im 


•’  3ou 

^Vi'' . ■ --r  . ■ v'- .-v  .../.  ' ^'^  . ■ . ’’  A''  '■'  i-  •■f  ■''■  • ' 

' A4-5"  ' ■ " ' ■'  •" 


j? 


:V\  ■'  '.’1  * 


j .■  .'4  rB  ■' 


0 


' ,'  '“V 


•4,  A ):VArn  ;; 


. A'V 


i*  . 


Ml 


ii‘^  }‘  '4,V  • ■'A."/')  ' '^-[ 

A '4 ■•!>._  -A.  \.  •'*■-•  M <■  - ^ 


A{;44»  ','  ’lu*) 


'-■'.'I  ■ ‘ 

: Vi-'A^'v*  JfA>  .'  ,4x|»/i':t5‘‘’  i A:’  f; 

vlw'i't  ^ . ' L x^r'A 

r7‘:  .-.-  h dji,.  tAlz 

• 1''  itA Sftj  lituf**''  iA  . ’‘A'f'.A  f . . f 

'.vo-C^VX  ; ■ : y 

^Rri^jl^'.irj!f.i:'  4>»At<  4, /' >-,'5  A^i AaA'^’ An-iX^. 


'1^ 


^"jK  y 


,Jf- 


.,.,  ?^'‘.  . •■■’  / .-A:.'"."  •..'■■  •-.  ^ 

5^-'  i.  ^ ■'"  ' • ■ - . • V',  • . '-A'  f.  '■■■■  '. 


..  'A;;  ■ ^ ^ A'  ’ 

; ' A,>A';;-,;. ' ■,  ■.  A 


[ 302  ] 

CAMPANULA  latifolla. 

Giant  Bell-flower, 


P E N T A N D R I A Monogynla* 

Gen.  Char.  Cor,  bell-fhaped,  clofed  at  the  boMom 
by  valves  bearing  the  ftainina.  Sllgma  3-cIeft. 
Capf,  inferior,  opening  by  lateral  pores. 

Spec.  Char.  Leaves  ovato-lanceolate.  Stem  im- 
branched,  round.  Flowers  folitary,  pedunculated. 

' Fruit  drooping. 

Syn.  Campanula  latifolia.  Linn,  Sp,  PI,  233.  Hudf. 
FI,  An,  96.  JVith,  Bot,  Arr,  218.  Relh,  Cant, 
SuppL  'i,  10.  Lightf,  Scot.  1 41. 

C.  maxima  foliis  latiffimis.  Rail  Sjn.  276. 

In  the  north  of  England,  and  in  Scotland  according  to  Mr. 
Lightfoot,  this  fpecies  of  Campanula  is  not  unfrequent,  though 
rare  in  the  fouthern  counties.  It  grows  in  fliady  moift  places, 
about  the  bafes  of  mountains.  Air.  Rofe  obferved  it  in  Forehoe 
wood  near  Kimberley,  Norfolk.  Our  wild  fpecimen  grew  near 
Dunftable,  where  it  was  firfl  remarked  and  afcertained  by  our 
obliging  correfpondent  the  Rev.  Air.  Abbot,  for  many  botanifts 
overlook  this  plant  for  C.  Lrachelium. 

Root  perennial,  very  milky  as  well  as  the  whole  herb.  Stem 
3 or  4 feet  high,  ereft,  fimple,  cylindrical  or  very  {lightly  an- 
gular, leafy.  Leaves  alternate,  nearly  feffile,  large,  roughifli, 
paler  beneath,  doubly  ferrated.  From  the  bofoms  of  the  upper 
ones  arife  folitary  naked  flower-flalks,  fcarcely  ever  bearing  more 
than  one  flower ; we  have  not  found  the  pair  of  “ leaf-fcales,’^ 
or  rather  bracfle^e  mentioned  in  the  Bot.  Arr.  Calyx  fmooth, 
ferrated.  Corolla  large  and  handfome.  The  antherse  are  not 
large,  but  afford  plenty  of  pollen,  which  copioufly  adheres  to 
the  flyle. 

This  is  fometimes  cultivated  in  gardens.  It  flowers  in  Auguft, 
and  is  rather  ornamental  j occafionally  varying  to  white  or  pale 
rofe-colour. 


3oU.. 


'A 


5 


k 


i 


.... 


i in  1 


',,v ' i^l  3 O A . 


, .r\m\}ir0  . *\v\v.  .*\4) 


' 4' A.n  .v.-iO 

4.?[ >'iik . , 

9hirrjt  ’ ;■;'*■  />:4i8 

'*  .'  ' " vori  '- 

mA.  .v:vr- 

.i\  .vfi)^^.-rtVy;sS)>i  ■/' A ■ 

(^.i'-T.'it : o>ii^--'.v>nr>  • 

Ori«.  ■ . '!■  >‘i?5l.»i’.»<!; ’^;W^s4w*'.'T;  ■ ; 'i'j  -.•  ■.'•  '•’ .\^(H. 
vk'Wo  *<■->?  vw^l 'jt/!  •:iipf-5*)A|B.  ,.,  jr-ufij^pd 

'tliiiiiH  g/a^aiAW ;f  tit',- ;'  > jjjni'  , .•■^i.‘J(w'y7*?  ■ ’•'•■ 


11 

' 'i  :*^T 


,00'*  '.  Ht^r.  { ■ ■■  3 

“■  •'  !.  v,:,0*-^.' . 't 

(UiMfR}"  f,‘M><r  'a£:s^j&''  ^ ■,  ■ i,"'!,  ».. 

: Jlfe 

'^;  ? il:,;^>£^0  -.'a 


>,',i  -,:>  ■•■a,,\  ■'  ^.i’Jif.'ii.fe, 


«»:v>' 


[ 303  ] 

ACER  Pfeudo-PIatanus. 
Greater  Maple^  or  Sycamore, 


POLTGAMIA  Monmcta, 

Gen.  Char.  Hermaphr.  Cal,  5-cleft.  Petals  5, 
Stamina  8.  Piji ilium  i.  Capful es  2 or  3,  iingle- 
feeded^  terminating  in  a wing. 

Male.  Cal,  5-cleft.  Pet,  5.  Stam,  8. 

Spec.  Char.  Leaves  five-lobed,  unequally  ferrated. 

Flowers  in  pendent  clufters. 

Syn.  Acer  Pfeudo-PIatanus.  Linn.  Sp,  PL  Hudf 

FI.  An.  445.  JVith,  Bot.  Arr.  1147.  Relh. 

Cant.  380.  Sihth,  Ox.  127. 

A.  majus.  Rail  Syn.  470. 

Rl-  AY  thinks  this  tree,  fo  common  in  hedges,  &c.  about 
houfes,  is  not  really  a native  of  Britain.  We  have  not  obferved 
it  in  any  very  wild  places.  It  is  faid  to  prefer  a maritime  fituation 
and  expofure,  but  will  grow  even  in  a mountainous  one.  Being 
a large,  very  handfome,  quick  growing  tree,  and  not  injurious 
to  grafs,  it  was  much  planted  about  houfes  formerly,  though 
Evelyn  complains  that  the  leaves  fall  early,  putrefy,  and  “ con- 
taminate and  mar  our  walks,”  fo  that  he  would  “ banifh  it 
from  all  curious  gardens  and  avenues.”  The  wood,  as  in  all 
trees  of  rapid  growth,  is  foft,  chiefly  ufed  for  ordinary  utenfils. 
Dr.  Withering  fays  fugar  may  be  obtained  from  the  fap,  which 
is  more  remarkably  the  cafe  with  the  Acer  faccharinum  of 
America. 

The  bark  is  fmooth,  afh-coloured.  Branches  round.  Buds 
oppofite,  formed  of  numerous  fcales.  Leaves  5-lobed,  the  ter- 
minal lobe  largeft,  all  veined  llrongly,  and  unequally  ferrated. 
Stipulse  none.  Clufters  folitary,  axillary,  long,  drooping,branched 
and  many-flowered.  Flowers  drooping.  Petals  green,  very  like 
the  calyx-fegments  in  fize,  form,  and  colour.  Germen  very 
hairy.  Stigma  cloven,  revolute.  Fruit  pendent,  fmooth  •,  feed- 
wings  often  3,  not  much  divaricated.  It  ripens  in  Auguft,  the 
flowers  appearing  in  May. 

We  have  great  reafon  to  fufpeft  there  are  two  varieties  if 
not  diftintft  fpecies  of  this  tree,  in  one  of  which  the  leaves  are 
glaucous  beneath  and  their  ferratures  very  diftant ; the  fila- 
ments of  this  are  hairy.  Our  intelligent  friend  Andrew  Cald- 
well, Efq.  of  Dublin,  firft  fuggefted  the  idea  of  this  difference, 
and  the  Linnican  herbarium  confirms  his  fufpicion. 


:h  .o; 


\ ,. 


hj:<'-'';^it-;  .TtflaqrnE:^  H /I  r>A'  '•  ' 

'.  ' .:'  ‘'''  •'  . '-'-y  ■•'"  ■ J:  ' 

>■  ' ' '■■:V;"  i'  l■.||■  ; i'l  «»•— - • , 

■ . ' 'IK  ' ’ I . ' ‘ ‘ ".  I'' 

. . ,V  ' 


v'  ■ 


-V 


^ .8  ‘.J  'i.  :i  j-i^'Cii:-'')ll'  .HAa'j  . • > 


I 7 . '■’»•'  '..'  7-"^' 


^4  ? V.  M '*nvw 
Si* 

u'\/A  .tr.Ti'r.'r.;  .A 


vj.  > 


M. 


TO*) 


• ^ 7 ^ ..  ■ '■  ■ ‘ ' ‘ ^^'*'1 V'  f5^ ^ ^ 

I'T'ViSy  i;<.-Wv'l:rv  V ^ 


» ^v 


^ '£i:vA  :^v 


iOXjfi  -.v 


^ :‘'‘7. 

> Ji  . ■ SfiiW*.  ^ ■■■  V.'S  • .V  ';SS  k^. 

' . ‘ ■!.?'/  ■■#  ■'  "■ 

\.  A . * '.*'  * 0 ■ ' ^'’  • I 


-^VV. 


[ 304  ] 


ACER  carnpeftre. 


Common  Maple. 


POLY  G AMI  A Moimcm. 


Gen.  Char.  Hermaphr.  6V7/.  5-cleft.  Pet.  Stam.Z. 
Fiji.  I.  Capf.  2 or  3,  fingle-feecled,  terminating 
in  a wing. 

Male.  Cal.  5-cleft.  Pet.  5.  Stam.  8. 

Spec.  Char.  Lobes  of  the  leaves  obtufe,  notched. 
Flowers  in  upright  clufiers. 

Syn.  Acer  campeflre.  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  1497*  Hudf. 
FI.  An.  445.  JVith.  Bot.  Arr.  1148.  Relh. 
Cant.  380.  Sihth.  Ox.  127. 

A.  minus.  Rail  Syn.  470. 


rare  in  hedges  and  thickets  in  the  fouthern  counties, 


though  feldom  found  in  the  northern  ones  or  in  Scotland. 

It  is  a fmall  tree,  with  fpreading  divaricated  round  oppofite 
branches,  their  bark  fmooth,  though  that  of  the  ftem  is  full  of 
corky  liflures.  Footftalks  downy  as  well  as  the  leaves,  which 
are  fmaller  than  in  moft  of  our  trees,  oppofite,  5-lobed,  each 
lobe  having  one  or  two  notches.  Stipules  none.  Clufters  of 
flowers  appearing  in  May  or  June,  eredl,  terminal,  branched. 
Flowers  green,  much  like  thofe  of  the  preceding  Their  an- 
therse  (as  in  that)  are  hairy  between  the  lobes.  Capfules  downy, 
extremely  divaricated  ; wings  fmooth. 

The  wood  is  very  ufeful  for  turners,  being  compacSl,  of  a 
line  grain,  and  often  beautifully  veined.  The  ancient  Romans 
are  faid  to  have  fet  an  exorbitant  value  upon  their  tables  of 
maple-wood,  according  to  their  fizc  and  the  beauty  of  their 
veins,  See  Evelyn’s  Sylva. 


- f 


C ' ■ 1 ■■ 


Auifi[n 


' ' ■ ' .:i.  ,}V\'  K \\I^'\'  xS  O n , ' ” • 

ioorrff  ^■(/;i;nv*l  ,?i*!KW’fc^i'yJir^  . v /. nO  .vn  *). 

!y^&  ih^pi  ^fb  mI  i ^ ^fybiiH 

,{>f^o^  af{j ' io '^1*4 - N,'- , •v'^;i'^-:j^< ;i  • -.  / •^’ .- 

.v\\.  J'-'  : •:  ,t,  • 

.vi  ■ 

^'V,'',  a •.  .'.■  t-  '-’■■•■■.  ■ 

y-  >tl  ■. 

;■' ' ■ .'/'/■  inin, 

,pA  ' M.ux  ' 


- • . ■''■■>  ■ ’.?0'.  \ ?^Si  .\ 


’yiO  ^<,  'kirr4[imMiumm'  'Oik  r'JM^uo 

Iti  nca|«  7?'  { •.  ;.'  -KJ  , . *\.;!*;ti 

‘fit,0^titnLdw  :}($ "iO  ; iO,f*x^  tjill  ’ f'. ' f , -^f  ? i ri.c  . i!  l-/;^ 


. vjiWvY'.L'iiii.f; 'ijjji  y^h'i'n 

r;‘  ‘rr  !y;ii-'^jTti  ^r^^iswyt  4 J[?{*>ui>  ^i-l  "lo 


. m-' 


M 


•«>.;.,'•>.•  r;oioo-4-- 4^  ai  ,^*- 


I"' 


.;,.  ii. 

r''  '--'4k#.  ' ; ; ,’:  . 

-p  .-  '*'  ■ ,;  ■ ''  ■ - 

’,  ,^.  . V..ia.y  .i  ■. 

, ' ’ . ' ' •■'>5  'V 

M i 


[ 305  ] 

LICHEN  refupinatus, 
Reverfed  Lichen, 


CRTPTOGAMIA  Alga. 

Gen.  Char.  Male,  fcattered  warts.  Female,  fmooth 
(liields  or  tubercles,  in  which  the  feeds  are  im- 
bedded. 

Spec.  Char.  Coriaceous,  creeping,  lobed,  brown. 
Shields  marginal,  on  the  under  fide  of  the  frond. 

Syn.  Lichen  refupinarus.  Linn.  Sp,  PI.  1615.  Hudf, 
FI.  An.  545.  Light/.  Scot.  843.  With.  Bot.  Arr. 
V.  3.205. 

Lichenoides  faxatile  fufcum,  peltis  in  averfa  folio- 
rum  fuperficie  locatis.  Rdii  Syn.  77. 

L.  fufcum,  peltis  pofticis  ferrugineis.  Bill.  Mufc. 
206.  t.  28./.  105. 


In  woods,  clinging  clofe  to  the  mofiy  ftems  and  roots  of 
trees,  and  alfo  on  rocks,  in  the  mountainous  parts  of  Great 
Britain.  DilleniUS  found  it  growing  upon  pebbles  on  the  Suf- 
fex  coaft,  and  Dr.  Smith  on  the  rock  of  Dumbarton  Caflle, 
Scotland,  in  moift  and  fhady  parts. 

The  fronds  are  fcarcely  coriaceous,  only  its  affinity  with  L. 
cafiinus^  &c.  juftifies  its  being  placed  in  that  fe^tion.  They 
are  brown,  fmooth,  fomewhat  imbricated,  horizontal,  obtufely 
lobed,  their  extremities  dilated,  bearing  the  fhields  on  their 
under  fide  completely  concealed  from  view  till  the  plant  is  dri- 
ed up  by  any  means,  and  then  thofe  Ihield-bearing  lobes  are 
reflexed.  The  diflc  of  the  ffiield  is  roundiffi,  irregular  in  fhape 
and  various  in  fize,  concave,  tawny  or  briclc-coloured  *,  they 
become  darker  in  drying,  though  the  colour  of  the  frond  is 
fcarcely  changed. 


t'  ) 


1 


V • 


V. 


■ . ■■'.I  ;■  ' ■ • - ' ;■ 

■».'  ; ' /.f'irrrnt k- •s.i-. 

■ k/  ' ■ 

:-j  '-  'f-r...  "ciK- 

'.■■  - -..J'JA/i  ':ii'  1 .-.  i:' V.V-;  /k  ' 

■•■ ...  H..^  ;■- 

■ ■ k ^ :■  .:;  , 

, ,k  ,' rkrftti  ,■.  k .sfevr  '•  ■ ^ k -. 

' ‘^1  •y'!;  , ^ - ■'  ' -.  ■ '■' ■'  . " ■ ' 

- . . \ .'  >.j  'f  .■  ■''•■'  ■: 

k/  ' ^ k.0»VM,;k  .Visiw  . ; ■'  ' - ■ ' 

■ ■■  ' -.  • ^ ‘ '■'  • ^ ^ 

■^  ^';  .-:"f  f.nw 

- . ^ •:  ..:^;  iV^kt^n  ,. 

’.  vkj  k .:.  -/r,":;  ' ■'.'Ti,  kkwv-k’. 'J  r/f,''!  kk-irkr  . ,t  . . k'-'-'  . k •' ■ 

'Ji  ."i^rr  vk  k , k' ' i 'X 'f'  '•  k^,  ' k''.; 

H?'k  i •:»,  ‘ ■ • ^'yk' ’■‘ ‘--i  «•'  ■■■  '‘•''  ' '"  k ^ ',  '*'' 


ai  ^ ) 

, 7^  j 


C ] 

C A R E X ovalls. 

OvaUfplked^  or  Naked  Car  ex. 


M O N CE  CIA  ^rtandrta, 

Gen.  Char.  Male,  Catkin  imbricated.  Cal,  of  one 
fcale.  Cor,  none.  Female,  Catkin  imbricated. 
CaL  of  one  fcale.  Corolla  inflated,  permanent. 
Seed  triangular,  invefted  with  the  corolla. 

Spec,  Char.  Spikelets  about  fix,  oval,  clofe  together^ 
alternate.  Scales  lanceolate,  equal  to  the  capfule. 
Syn.  Carex  ovalis.  Gooden.  Tr.  of  Linn.  Soc.  V.  2.  148. 
C.  leporina.  Eudf.  FI.  An.  404.  With.  Bot.  Arr. 

1029.  Relh.  Cant.  Suppl.  1.  15.  Sihth.  Ox.  27. 
Gramen  cyperoides,  fpica  e pluribus  fpicis  mollibus 
compofita.  Rail  Syn.  422. 


Gathered  in  Kenfingtcn  Gardens,  flowering  in  June, 
it  is  very  common  in  wet  marfhy  paftures. 

Root  perennial,  creeping  ? Stem  eredl,  hollow,  about  a foot 
high,  with  3 {harp  rough  angles.  Leaves  fheathing  the  lower 
part  of  the  item,  and  rifing  about-  equal  to  it  in  height,  dark 
green,  narrow,  roughifli  on  the  edges  and  nerve,  but  lefs  fo 
than  in  moil  other  fpecies.  General  fpike  terminal,  ereefty 
compofed  of  5 or  6 upright  oval  fpikelets,  the  largefl  of  which 
is  terminal.  Bradlete  folitary,  lanceolate,  at  the  bafe  of  each 
fpikelet,  the  lowermofl:  longer  than  the  reft,  and  ending  in  a 
leafy  point.  In  each  little  fpike  a few  of  the  lower  flowers  are 
male,  the  reft  female.  Scales  ovato-lanceolate,  acute,  equal 
to  the  corolla.  Filaments  longer  than  the  fcales.  Style  tu- 
mid at  the  bafe.  Stigmas  but  two.  Permanent  corolla  {lightly 
notched,  convex  on  one  fide,  margin  rough. 

We  beg  leave  to  corredl  an  Inaccuracy  in  the  concluding  pa- 
ragraph of  the  defeription  of  Carex  Pfeudo-Cyperus,  t.  242. 
We  have  exprefled  ourfelves  as  if  Dr.Goodenough  had  called  the 
corolla  a capfule,  in  oppofitlon  to  Linnaeus ; whereas  the  truth 
is,  Linnaeus  carelefsly  ufes  tieBariimi  and  capfula  Indiflcrently  for 
the  fame  part,  and  our  excellent  friend,  to  whofe  labours  in' 
this  genus  the  Britifh  botanift  is  fo  much  indebted,  takes  the. 
latter  term  merely  as  the  leaft  exceptionable.  The  part  in  que- 
ftion  however  Is  totally  diftindf  from  the  germen  and  fruit,^. 
merely  enveloping  the  feed,  and  is  really  a permanent  corolla. 


30C. 


Jfh-y' hr'i  J'olOf^py . 


i 


, .' • > -Wnir  'i ‘V-  '■- 
-Jr'-.-''  i ■ j' '.  ■■  ..'v-v-'^ 

.-v  : ^ /,.'.  w.  •>'«’,  I i -T"  ^ 

■ '.  -i  /■  V. ' ' '.  . ^t.  •-  r ; . . • ' / 'm  ,.)  .■  ’ ' 

.' /' v; ' • •'■  ' ' ' 

" ; ■ I:-";'.  ' ;•  ...  '•■  -.I  fl.  '*  - 


> Jl  r.-H  ' ; ■,  ..  :'7>w  !•  j 


;.■  I .*  ., '1  ii')’.v 

’r:u‘  r '-  : ^■1J  :■  1 - . ■ ,'  vn;;  ■ 

'■'••■■#'.  '-•  • j’ 

. ‘ .i  V ' ,'  ' ' 

> r"  .r,  rr  j • — ;''i  ;,.•:  - : H ■ 

.'■n;  nv:;/::.  ’<  J ■'>  ■ ’ 

IP-JUrj.'i  .^'Vv  i'*  ' ; ■;  i-.  h td  K :■.■  JT*1  Dflf  .-.  •••’ 

. j '.'  '»  'i.'.  .■.•>■ '5!  vdj  ■'jvir;  ■ j ■ ■ 

^ Ml  '..!j  ^ . ,^d  ■■ 

J .■‘'.  A’"*'  ’"■  ^ ■ .'  i •■;  . ' 

fj';i  •.i.v'.v-AJ.-cH: .i.  ..i  ' . ,:.:./i..  : 

••  ■'.  %d-ni  J;-  ,v.  '>  **'t  'U  -ri  ,i 

..:  i^  - ■,  ' 'd  ' *'*•:  t>  I ^ ^;^y  , v» 

.•-l:  -/.ij  •■-  '■  ■ 'jd''--''  k ' 

d;  /M  ’■_.  /-'Ov./V.'U 'U,  ;."••)  .'d\i'  itoui  i)*!’ 

_ ■ '■/  ^d  d'.-uni  71  >v 

iod  /’■  -d/dM  / m:;,.:  ouJ-v:' fcnir;;5| ■•'  ■."'■nipvd' 

\.y  'd.  ■,;h  'io  -3  c-:|i:toq.' 

. f7  , ;..  . { J Vto  jdV'  ; 

■n  d>  „ A'..'  '.:.'J  lodi;  d - ' 

■.iv'‘1i.0>u  .i,d- i,. ; i.';i?  ,J  j 

^ . * . # • r I ■ 


[ 3°?  ] 

C A R E X vulpina. 
Great  Carex, 


MO  NCECI A rr'iandna. 

Gen.  Char.  Male,  Cat¥n  iaibricared.  CaL  of  one 
fcale.  Cor,  none.  Female,  Catkin  imbricated. 
CaL  of  one  fcale,  inflated,  permanent.  Seel 
triangular,  invefled  with  the  corolla. 

Spec,  Char.  Spike  thrice  compounded,  compact, 
obtufe.  Male  flovvers  in  each  fpikelet  above  the 
female.  Fruit  fpreading.  Angles  of  the  Fein 
very  Fiarp. 

Syn.  Carex  vulpina.  Linn.  Sp,  PL  1382.  HudJ.  FL 
An.  404.  With.  Bot.  Arr.  1030.  Relh.  Cant.  350. 
Sibth.  Ox.  27.  Gooden.  L'r.  of  Linn.  Soc.  V.  2.  161. 
Leers  Herborn.  196.  t.  14.  /.  5. 

Gramen  cyperoides  paluFre  majus,  fpica  compadla, 
Raii  Syn.  423. 


X H I S is  found,  rather  lefs  frequently  than  the  laft,  in 
marfliy  places,  banks  of  rivers,  he.  and  is  one  of  the  largeft 
as  well  as  bell  underftood  Britlfli  fpecies.  It  flovvers  in  the 
early  part  of  fummer,  but  its  brown  fpikes  in  a feeding  Fate 
may  be  found  for  fome  time  afterwards. 

Root  perennial,  fibrous,  forming  thick  tufts.  Stems  many, 
ere6l,  about  2 feet  high,  ftout,  very  acutely  triangular  and  rough, 
fo  as  to  cut  the  fingers  of  thofe  who  handle  them  incautioufly. 
Leaves  fheathing  the  lower  part  v/iih.  their  whitifh  membra- 
nous bafe,  long,  deep  green,  very  rough  on  the  edges  and  nerve. 
General  fpike  of  feveral  alternate,  rather  remote,  compound 
fpikelets,  with  a linear  braftea  to  each.  Little  fpikelets  fmall, 
their  male  flow'ers  above  the  female.  Scales  of  the  male  flowers 
ovate,  acute,  membranous  j thofe  of  the  female  fomewhat  ab- 
rupt, with  a longilh  rough  point.  Bafe  of  the  ftyle  tumid. 
Stigmas  two.  Permanent  corolla  flightly  notched.  The  Fern 
above  the  loweF  fpikelet,  as  Dr.  Goodenough  obferves,  fudden- 
ly  diminifhes  very  much  in  thicknefs. 

Leers’s  exquifite  figures  cannot  be  too  much  admired,  though 
perhaps  he  excels  lefs  in  fome  of  the  Carices  than  in  other 
graFes.  We  mean  only  to  commend  his  own  original  plates. 
Tliofe  of  the  2d  edition  are  vile  copies,  in  which  all  accuracy 
of  character  is  loF,  and  even  many  parts  totally  omitted  by 
tlie  blundering  engraver. 


-G^x'ien. 


r A., 


or:/ 


i.  \\KX:^".:A'\.  '"0  ,V-A  "V  . :.x 


.v;.v  Kt V. ‘i  A 


JiV/  -iO  '/.V/'A’-'  .-.A 


v/J 
JDU  r,  '.: 


■'S,.' 

'“f  ■ ■•  ' 

;.  : ■...  .A  % , 

: •v;-A:'A^ 

■A-  ■ \ V ‘ .f  ' , 7. 


\ <r-t''  ' t 

^■.'....yv  .-  ...i' 

' ■ ■ 7 ‘ / _ ■ 


’ ■?■' '"A  t . -'A  aA7)(  ■ ' • ' : 7 u I ■ 

. ’aI.X)  .,’  •;.';-.H  ' nr  , .-:  .'-r  i - ’ ./  , '’' 

.' , ■ ' ^''.Ay'i  r ^ . _ ,,,  ' 

• ■ ■•'•?).-A  ' ■ {.'A‘:'f  ;•  j , ■ ••■'■  / 

‘ i,  j ' 

r7'.., ■?  .:;''-'A  .i...tfrtn': ■ ,Lt 'i  .'!. 

J <|jr!./r'^rt-:'^  :y,.;'v  • c'..  Vi;-;.!  .Aui  .A;! 

.r  f A’ ?ii. 

f ‘ • 1 ■ J I j j 1)  fA.  * ? 5 7 ' ‘ f ''i  ' ' ‘ i . ! ^ j'  . h • I’  I : , It  ) i ^ .-J  ‘ ! \ ' ' ■ . ■ 

. i-‘  ' -'■■  ■■  .Ai-’’  -'.y  ^ ' ■,  '■■■Ai  b.  ■>« 

••.>..  ■ ' p ■':'■■  '.  ' '7A(  I ij  i:  ' '■  : 

• ' • >'•'  • V (7',J  '.V;..b  t..')  Airiin-i;:'  A 

' ' . , '17  - I'  ih  t ''MAw  I t!  ’•  77T.  ; 


ff; 


Cil 


•■'■  * A ..  v-l''-.  ^ • 

!j  ■ . '■■  .1  i.v ‘'  A’7','; 

A I,!.;'  A-v'  7; 


. r,,.  xTiJ  t r.!,  -I'lO'j  ■ . 

■•-:  A-A;, 

i;,V  . iA'>'vv>^»  ,A  T;j!-fAA  ' 

■•’■..V  ,../...  .77  , ■ • • T 


. t/ / i *ih'Ax  fiiki  lii  ‘ ’• 


■>  j i 


7 1 .[  .0  yii'^mvA  'e.b '■;!■  )!>  I 


'.'  I-;;;;  ' ■ j.*' -'  iAV’t  77;;  _ j'u. 

:if.  A ;7A  cfi/o  ^ t;.,>;!':;A;  ( > in.;.  A-ol' AlM  -j  iy  b'i 

•■■  .*  7 ■ , ,’  :r  , ,.  V > . ij  P:j:<ud\^nvo.i  AA-.yr: 

ir  t*;  j.  u;  r •■' ■ . v.:  -'-'-A  oi  ’AjAI 

> ■77-7A.b'r;i'T^;J,yi  aiiClp^rui  \\xr?\yy>  . ' . A'lj'rl 

V A?7iv:.  A-A  7 -V:  ,,.  A i,fl;  iA  7 J7  ,j  A:.-'.-  ;•  ; 

: : 7;  ;A.  7'r 

"•  /'  ■ " '"A 


[ 3o8  3 

ADONIS  autumnalis. 
Corn  Adonis^  or  Pheafanf s-eye. 


PQLTANDRl  A Polygynia. 

Gen,  Char.  CaL  5-!eaved.  Petals  5 or  more,  with- 
out a nedlary.  Seeds  naked. 

Spec,  Char.  Petals  about  eight,  obcordate,  concave. 
Fruit  ovate. 

Syn,  Adonis  autumnalis.  Linn.  Sp,  PL  , HudJ» 
FL  An,  239.  With,  Bot,  Arr,  570.  Siblh,  Ox,  171. 
Curt.Lond,  Fafc.  3.  t,  37. 

Flos  Adonis.  Rail  Syn,  251. 


J?  OR  a wild  fpecimen  of  this  elegant  plant  we  are  obliged  to 
JVlifs  Lyfons,  who  gathered  it  in  Gloiiceherfliire  in  October 
lafl.  It  grows,  though  rarely,  in  corn-fields.  Mrs.  Fleftow,  of 
Watlington,  in  Norfolk,  obferved  it  near  Denver  iliiice  in  that 
county. 

Root  fmall,  annual.  Stem  much  branched,  upright,  leafy, 
round,  ftriated.  Leaves  alternate,  thrice  compound,  the  feg- 
ments  linear,  alternate,  acute.  Flov.^ers  folitary,  terminating 
the  branches,  inodorous,  of  a beautiful  polilhed  crimfon,  each 
petal  marked  with  deep  purple  at  the  bafe,  and  the  ilamina, 
antherse  and  ftyles  being  of  the  fame  dark  colour,  give  a great 
brightnefs  to  the  red  part.  Calyx  pale  green,  fomewhat  mem- 
branous, foon  falling  off.  Petals  about  8,  rarely  more,  often 
fewer,  for  Linnaeus  in  a manufcript  note  in  his  own  Species 
Plantariim  confefles  he  took  the  character  there  from  a luxuri- 
ant flower.  This  fpecies  is  however  diflimfl  enough  from  the 
pale-fcarlet  A.  /eJiivAis  of  the  fouth  of  Europe,  with  which 
Haller  in  his  defcription,  No.  1158,  feems  to  confound  it,  as 
Linnaeus  formerly  did.  In  that  the  petals  are  obovate  and  nar- 
row, the  fruit  long  and  cylindrical ; in  ours  the  petals  are  in- 
verfely  heart-fhaped,  concave,  the  fruit  rather  ovate,  and  not 
half  fo  long.  It  is  certainly  an  error  in  Linnaeus  to  call  the 
fruit  of  A.  ajlivalis  ovate,  and  this  fubcylindrical.  The  con- 
trary is  rather  the  cafe ; at  lead  the  former  is  truly  cylindrical, 
and  very  long  and  flender  compared  with  ours. 


■ 

t ■ '■ 


’ /.  i ;■  A T A a 


cv  ■■#>■' 

■■i' 


.tki^.v^'.V V*- 


r ■ /'Vi 


lo*!  ;:•’:  i \vt'  Afjl  (Hj;*.  i S/  ^ - 4j i'rO^ 

so^ ' .1  ■' < v..'-, ;A| 


-^"'gfii 
!;  ■ i!0(  . , jOn 


oan;;')c.[ii  oJ!  I bpjT:gni‘:;  ' . r^*'  .0 

Enr:n‘:i<’  .’vy.^ 


*1^  ^ ’*  -^' 

'.y/i'rr  Y-ni  ^ 'V  ’':' 

'{^T;.l^;l<JV••b^;^;  ^ >J  piilol  i’i  i.  \.  '.  ' ■•  / ■*'• 

■■noo*  ,■  Y 'j;iO  ^V'  u.  "'■  ‘ " 

^ r»:;I)'i'.V  ,:-xCs’^‘^'A"^v ';....'  j-  so;;/;',  ■*  • 

;iq  !..,./ J.;.;viU;;;  . r;  _!::■'#' ..'i  -‘1/  ^ ^ ' ■ 

1.  ■ ' . '.fiAAJ:"'  ' 

'rtnv5i  .viif'v  ■,->!!r!i'«v;-:;.!!,'!;;:;V;;''if  ‘ 

30  'jvfc;;  ihUlv  , -'jtiittn .'.:.';ii')'3i!i;';:!''..'  . ■ 


i-l 

''.)ih[  ?v;^7^ 

h |^i^■ 

oi 

ff'/' 

.*•> 

• .T 

' -<u-  s 

'if)  - 

rjllK 

^ i 

’ ‘ ‘-Va 

.irf,'. 

r,  ■'(  ri' 

h:’.-. 

...A 

b r?,  fii 

•t. 

■iu  niwl) 

'.vodi 

.'’  i! 

. Af.M  i' 

r.yy\U.' 

iU 

in. 

■ 'i 

;.'  r7'T'’"- ('■! 

0^'>fi.'  ’ 

[ ffr 

i'irair  I 

'(llful 

"yn 

,">b 

:'r(> 

•{ -ji  Aob 

;■  bfTi 

jT/xirnd 

1 

Ul 

*'y  i '*'* 

i- 

r ..  ' <-  ■ "! 

■ih)i  !', 

c I Hi  ■ -if 

.f.oi  'it-. 

dj 

V.i  'rl 

o.ii-  ) 

r./i  ■>jr: 

ii’rV  .rliiijf'b 

‘ k-id 

u. 

r-  fi 

• I ';iq-rbl 

tV  'i 

.‘T{q  vv' 'loirc')'  ijii.iVi ' f'.-?:'-'*  Dnr- ^-‘i:  •'*  '"■  -i.rj.^i.v 

i>ti.  rl^j-.-rs.:  ,v;..'*hrij^i>  ••  vv^^iVY  ' li"  '! 

8ibqir.ll  -4^  '-a;  > ^ 

- i i . >1.7/>:.iirl  *8 y ) kni  W'ii  .£ ;ni  mu  prit^xAl  m' ■ . X'^ 

» :r^i.i}  ;*irr  . ' -M  7'''.i''i  '''■.‘Tf'i.'  ,'’i» 


C 309  ] 

D E N T A R I A bulbifera. 


Bulbiferous  Coral-wort. 


rETRADTNJMlA  SlViquofa. 

Gen.  Char.  burfling  elaftically,  the  valves  roll- 

ing back.  Stigma  notched.  Calyx-leaves  con- 
ned ed  longitudinally. 

Spec.  Char.  Lower  leaves  pinnated;  the  uppermoft 
firnple. 

Syn.  Dentaria  bulbifera.  Linn.  Sp.  PI:  ^12.  HudJ. 
FI.  An.  285.  IFith.  Hot.  Arr.  683. 


r HIS  rare  plant  grows  wild  In  fome  few  parts  of  England, 
in  fhady  places,  efpecially  at  Harefield,  in  a grove  now  belong- 
ing to  William  Baynes  Efq.  and  in  fome  parts  of  Buckingham- 
flnre  not  far  from  thence.  Our  fpecimen  was  obligingly  com- 
municated by  the  Rev.  Dr.  Goodenough  from  his  garden  at 
Ealing,  where  the  Dentaria  is  perfedly  naturalized,  and  pre- 
ferves  its  original  wild  appearance. 

The  root  is  perennial,  creeping  horizontally,  white,  flefhy, 
and  fet  with  alternate  tooth-like  protuberances,  which  gave  oc- 
cafion  to  the  generic  name.  Stem  from  the  terminal  bud  of 
the  laft  year,  ered,  round,  firnple,  18  to  24  inches  high,  leafy 
in  the  middle  and  upper  part.  Leaves  alternate ; the  2 or  3 
lowermofi;  pinnate,  of  5 leaflets,  fome  above  them  of  3,  and 
the  upper  ones  Ample,  gradually  lelTening ; leaflets  all  lanceo- 
late, very  irregularly  and  partially  ferrated,  fmooth,  rather 
fucculent.  In  the  bofom  of  moft  of  the  leaves  Hands  a foli- 
tary,  oval,  fcaly,  dark  purple  bud  or  bulb,  which  falling  off 
vegetates  in  the  ground,  and  thus  the  plant  is  copioufly  pro- 
pagated, like  the  Lilium  bulbiferum  ; confequently  its  feeds  are 
icarcely  ever  perfeded,  as  happens  to  plants  that  increafe  much 
by  root.  The  flowers  are  in  a terminal  corymbus,  lilac-colour- 
ed, large  and  handfome,  appearing  early  in  May.  The  ftigma 
is  roundifh,  flightly  notched. 


C r Oif 


Uaf-rk/  ‘/7  0 


' ?■ 


■ f 


1' 


; • 

' \ 


- '•  ..V  . . 


t 


I • 


1 


i';f>;)Vv!-3fi  r/v.'cl  l'  ' ril^i  .. 


• 1,  ^ si  • *•.* 


& 


*•' 

.',  V,  -!^V'.\\  .K'.''^f-.''''  ' ll 


v.^~—  . 


,,; . 7 

;!  : . ■ !.  ,t  .i-M’ivKf.i.j;-;  ■/•>  ■ivM’;'  ■"'  -■'■■  •’; -* 

, ■.!,!..:  .;-,  ^,',i..  .' -^.i;'.- '““Mj  ■ V iS'ia't 


if:  .- Wf-  ^^h.;'i■■■;;.i■rf}^.  ■ 

.h')'!.  -‘iniv,  V.  ,r0:h?  Juii r/fi V ''■  y'i'/.  ''. 

-.v.- :),  .:r.ti;,  ,u.-HT*'  ,';  4y;™o.,-<  . '.^  f..;:  ■■•  vhr.-  * .1 

' " .f.v  ■;;/■■  & n’  •'.' i.v  'i.  •-  I-V*'.  .V.:  J’*  • 

, ,;\  1,)  f?'  - ,?t;053e<ijt  . - 

. Ji  vWu;',.  .;  -;'';i:- 

i,/'  . r-irW  -I..;.;;,  ; 

!.';'r>iv;  y,-:'!£r5,iii  hnR'tf';  'du^A^  - / ■' ' ' 

i i;'  i.  no  •£;7\vca;:2ot.  ‘ -snyqi'j  nj  : _ 

•>.-!  i ‘ ''.'i.yj'iw  ' ^ ..SCiaO  , 

;v,;\  ;Vi,j  .;  ./  '■^V  ;'”' 

.,  •'  i.'ux  ».,;  ' .:,,.;U;  ^f^fc;",f.  r,;.  ■// t. 

f, ^ J.-  li.orlT  ^ 

b J ) .virnii  ^ ^ j;  ^ ’ 

MO.JU  c-b- 

iiiiJ  «3ferH'«u  ...b  ^ 


[ 310  ] 

C O Pv  N U S Suecica. 
JDvJcirf  CorncL 


TETRJND  RIA  Monogynia, 

Gen.  Char.  Cal,  of  4 teeth.  Tetals  4.  Brupa  in- 
ferior. Nut  of  2 cells. 

Spec.  Char.  Herbaceous.  Flower  between  two 
branches. 

Syn.  Cornus  Suecica.  Linn.  Sp,  PL  iji*  With.Bot. 
Arr.  i6i. 

C.  herbacea.  HudJ.  FL  An.  yi. 
Chamaepericlymenum.  Raii  Syn,  261. 


Mr  . William  Travis  of  Scarborough  gathered  the  fpecimen 
here  figured  on  the  fide  of  a valley  in  that  neighbourhood, 
called  the  Hole  of  Horcum^  where  this  alpine  plant  grows  abun- 
dantly, as  well  as  about  the  Cheviot  hills,  Northumberland, 
and  in  the  Highlands  of  Scotland,  flowering  in  June  and  July* 
It  is  nearly  allied  to  a favourite  American  plant,  C.  canadenjis^ 
but  does  not  thrive  fo  well  in  a garden. 

Root  perennial,  creeping,  long  and  flender.  Stems  perfect- 
ly herbaceous,  erect,  riling  to  the  height  of  3 or  4 inches, 
fquare,  leafy.  Leaves  oppofite,  feflile,  ovate,  entire,  flrongiy 
ribbed,  without  flipulte.  Flowers  in  a little  terminal  pedun- 
culated umbel,  with  a large  involucrum  of  4 ovate  unequal 
white  leaves,  often  bordered  with  red,  and  turning  green  as  the 
fruit  ripens.  Each  flower  hands  on  a fhort  partial  (talk,  and  is 
in  every  part,  except  the  ftamina,  of  an  exceedingly  deep  pur- 
ple, almoft  black.  Stamina  and  antherae  whitifh.  The  umbel 
might  eafily  be  taken,  by  a cafual  obferver,  for  one  Ample 
Bower  with  4 white  petals,  and  we  are  afraid  Ray  underflood 
it  fo,  having  perhaps  not  feen  it  alive.  The  fruit  is  round,  red, 
fweetifh.  On  each  fide  the  flalk  that  fupports  the  umbel  arifes 
the  rudiment  of  a branch,  which  overtops  the  fruit  before  it 
arrives  at  maturity.  The  prefence  of  thefe  branches  diflin- 
guilhes  this  fpecies  from  Cornus  canaden/is. 


[ i n.  ] 


^ f u'i-i  g 


‘ ' ..^'-'r— -'^w^  /gO.  “A.A',  I 

f.  i!;.  r;()  ,h:)3r.i'’Ha'i  G^rtrb.  v/srG^T)  .r-GO.nM*^ 

G/j  vn^I.V'ivV  ({)i  v !:%;-j7fH  Vg--  ■ ^ 

AyG;!' ' f • ^ G ,g;  ' 

. G-;'  >1  :;.oj' irr  All '■  ■ j>n  GG  ‘G.;.:  i g' , 


L .-n  V: 

nG'dl 

! » > > 

. j i G ' lOi  lfjv'G.G  V 

){}l'  ,S:  . \ 

/.»vb  .«  V 

: .1  .Vj\  i<s^<\T'-A 

(H  .G'\vb^i  Gi' 

•lb  AagVA  ; * ■■ 

.'Av.G  .V^  .()?p 

Aifin  ^ ,.  G' 

•bvn4  y>  Jjjciith" 

■n-i: 

^ V .A  >v,r’, 

/ '•  '■■•  . '■  /^* 

.1  .>  , 

"■  A , 

-.^H  h<^i;  -fr/rc  iA 

A'i  T*  " • 

‘■rni  lijA  a 

1 fltWii  lij'^3'  :.', 

; ■ ; .i  vVi 

Aa.  - ‘i  , '■ 

'Gr’.f-'d'vl  n-A 

:i  .iG  (,  lAr/G 

hU: 

- ‘!  " 1 G.  V'.;  ■ A 

J.i  'm  vrG 

'n.di'Avn'.  n;l(ji^<  Mt,„ 

jh 

' '‘’A’diofr.  ■ ;,  . r -r  ' 

o GVi.if  ; 

''  GfioiniA:  •Gff'-'lU'G  ’ 

d , ' , 

.G  V'J  ■•,rf:r  ’ 

?)  ,>'  G ■!/'>}"  t;  "i  G'/I/MG.;. 

'*'  i ■ 

■'  ' ‘ '''}  ' K ■ ' ■ '- 

:.li  i.; •.)).■’  ■' 

iG'i.fr  :-'^  Tj'x.’tikh.hiA'  '■ 

’ ^ • / ' • 

* - . 1 1 - T/  ■ .A  ^ , . ' ' 

vnto 

A -rjcV^nl';:'' 

; 

A.j  ; ■'!  ,:  * ■'  ■ ‘ }.  f II 

DT  G.G ,: » n ■ , v.  g : • y trihl , _ /.  ?# 0“nl>:  . v (^i  :r  i h v . ’ 

jrjjm.n  ^ -j;!;-  ■ , 

if  .G  . ./•.< 

i “Gi G^jjio  iii  hGqoi:  yu>>  ff.n.'iA  .--nnoT  ' 

likj'Gifibit.  -unjHH  ti’-'  V!::’^)?^  -'' ' *ai, 

H .syGGGf  *lGn5nnv.,*aGfn  Gn'G' 4 - 

7C>  -d  vfei/m’ ■f:('^:  'A'. 

i'#/  .binr.>vyn.;  'V-K  v'^^'  j a!v/(jTa..; 

,^rGd’i{tiv.'  > Ga’-h-io 

i.  a;  G.'ijrl  cii  • , ;'  * 

•j:n->);/:^^tiG:i  i'  /Jl  V'  b ! do^b'il3,,,n^’^>nij,  .rbi.i ' 
j . viGjd  Ljij;., 

•Jt  r/ijub-nibdf:;]  o}ofb  ’b  ^G  i%«q4d 

/-■-'GtiAi  orl 7/  ,y.a6m  'io  ';:<b'ojj-j'/-j  m 

n ^?TLy  tDlujr.H  lo  inol-Jt>«]' 

,•  I'j'ficu  “I'fi  Io  •<:£  neJir^d/n  ir^o  '.“rJ/ii  lo  nirapufj/i 

..asiii  bfunr;/;  s)|b  Tq  fatiliw  bf  r5:,GW^ 

• . . 'A,  ■.  , : ■ ■■  .■ 


.•■>,••  ' 


[ 3”  ] 

KRIOPHORUM  alpinum. 

Alpine  Cotton-grafs, 


TRIANDRIA  Monogynia, 

Gen.  Char.  Glumes  chaffy,  imbricated  on  all  Tides. 
Cor.  none.  Seed  i,  invefted  with  very  long  hairs. 

Spec.  Char.  Stem  naked,  angular.  Spike  folitary, 
erect,  (liorier  than  the  hair  of  the  feeds. 

Syn.  Eriophoriim  alpinum.  Linn.  Sp.  PL  77.  Flo. 
Lapp.  Ed.  2.  20.  Lranf.  of  Linn.  Sue.  V.  2.  290  & 
356.  FL  Ban.  t.  620.  BickJ.  Hort.  Sicc.  Faje.  8.  3. 

Junciis  alpinus  bombycinus.  Scheuchz.  Prod.  27. 

/.  8.  /.  I. 

F' IRST  difeovered  in  Britain  by  Mr.  Brown  and  Mr.  George 
Don,  in  a turfy  bog  3 miles  eafl  of  Forfar,  in  tlie  (liirc  of 
Angus,  Scotland. 

We  are  obliged  for  wild  fpecimens  to  Mr.  Johil  Mackay  of 
Edinburgh,  a moft  diligent  and  fhilfu!  inveiligator  of  the  ve- 
getable kingdom,  by  whofe  communications  we  have  often 
been  enriched.  It  grows  in  alpine  fituations,  flowering  about 
July,  and  has  hitherto  been  announced  as  a native  of  our  iflaud, 
in  the  2d  volume  of  the  Linn.  Society’s  Tranfaclions  only. 

Root  perennial,  creeping  horizontally  among  bog-earth  and 
fand,  with  many  fibrous  radicles.  Leaves  few,  linear,  rough 
on  the  edges,  obtufe,  fheathing  at  their  bafe,  ereci,  fometimes 
3 or  4 together  on  a barren  branch.  Stems  feveral,  eredl,  much 
taller  than  the  leaves,  clofe  together,  with  3 and  fometimes  4 
rough  angles,  ftriated,  their  bafe  enveloped  in  one  or  more 
fhort  flieathing  leaves,  and  a few  tubular,  membranous,  bluntly 
acuminated  fcales,  feeming  like  the  rudiments  of  leaves.  Spike 
folitary,  terminal,  eredl,  oval,  fmall,  of  feveral  ovate,  yellow- 
ifli  brown,  fharply  keeled  fcales,  the  lowermoft  tipped  with  a 
leafy  point.  Seed  fharply  triangular,  clothed  with’  long,  not 
very  numerous,  hairs,  which  originate  from  its  bafe,  and  rife 
much  above  the  top  of  the  Ityle.  Their  extreme  whitenefs 
and  their  delicate  texture  give  an  elegant  appearance  to  the 
plant,  though  it  boafts  none  of  thofe  gaudy  colours  requifite 
to  excite  the  attention  of  many,  who  really  fancy  themfelves 
perfons  of  tafle  and  admirers  of  Nature,  but  who  are  as  in- 
adequate judges  of  their  own  talents,  as  of  the  univerfaJ  ele- 
gance and  wifdom  of  the  creation  around  them. 


/ 


.enn-v:;-.  ? U d U V d C O .'i 


;*  ^ A I. 


- ■-M;,A'-,J/;rirlfj,.^ncrn-ib^'  ,"0  . 

■ {ji:;:  ^erfbi  S'  flji// 

V!5  >1-;  53c'0l'3|{:f  -V/ OTIS,  c^'/Ud'l  . 

• vfb7jno;> 


J . j'l'T' 


W\ 

. , ,/ 

Ui  A '.d  .'-d  i 

'*  , N. 

^ m. 

yM'  ^ 


.,j.  .;.-..J.7i. 

.57 

»eiU:i^vin 

■•-  'V''  4' 

i : .‘V:u-^. 

^ . ’X'iil  ''V^ 

.Vr'Sv.v  . ' 

■■  n0fc:;:i‘O 

iZ 


.^.i;.:;^|{i V 7 -nil;) ■ /J 


nr.  X.  ■-•  ffnil  -".I  lol  r'^inr^r-^  oo)  T 

t/a^oQ  AAVljiv^K-ftxJ  tK^U.VijUid  r!d:(:!:if: 

^ ^ ^ ^ -i^-  .'!f|f?t  i*-fl  o:  ■•?;!✓]  f;,'rf>  }^;:i 

f.‘':i':T^  ' ..j  n;?^-,,n:>^ir  vv«|.y  ^ •^';  ‘-M'n  .icinn j;i  ..c  ^ ^ i<>/;T^vrI'I' 

. 01  ^<^nAy)r::  :'  :i  ifli’t 

■'-^'/  :- AA':.' :>:.'{:  ':^:j'' r.  ■ > j;  'i  .[  U'>r»i,n;fi  'b:^v"2i’A -.  i 

^ n.  ■;■'.) 'V^::i\.;  ?,  {dtl^-il.  ,v;.7f 

/fdriu  Dducntil  Hxiv  'h‘5/^J0?')  jiijvblr  **.  ■/>::>  i.;? 

'iohf.v  V13V  'v'j  ; • ;i' /MV.'  bJi  ;t»i'  .'-  ^i,  Y f .Kjf:;  J 

• fxxJ  7K-ifi  ^'»rlf5j'x>fiiL  rf6bj  • oo  i/rr:ttr  .Kiinos  i 

n()l.:(j  ndl  ■mo7i'  ■ '.■  /rvoi*  r bf^ri 

.Ur  ;:fi  \^^h!v:}roi  i.io,,vv7ftij!o;’  xfoL^  .*io 

'//xifc' r/7iJA,'/rf  - .t:;- lo  itkflC' ix'^xijr'.v  ^ ‘K  j..  v ir/'^njff-ivyT  ?.Jfr;il 
>^hdd  3Uih)j3td  ! - ■ .!,}i;i  f .vnv-  .'  >:{nv.  >^4  4*-’  1 /v  .^iilLIxj.m 'fis.fr 

flo/nxd  V'i-:?'/  i?'!v  ■•  ■:'{  ' . ‘;>xwd<'.-/foy:v  ;;:j[Xn;Ar. et!'jx:Ioc;j> 
■hi  :')j.7;{i;  7Vp..n  v>  ^.h /ih/ :,:;iiyQb'‘. ‘lo  Jid 

4:ii.3  ;*hd  I a’'x  •/'■jiby  oxh  ^xihlffifr.  b f'-.iitU 

' ■*'-  \''U^  - Y'“X  ■‘'  bi"5>7/  x.hTf:’.'/  y’lj-^  hi  ';  nu/x  ;>-jo’'  ,.•/ 

- it  .j-'Ij  .-‘d^h'j  ^^•.*,>^J^^fi'XJfAw'iX’^ ' Xi  x^hv*  x'/j[x’  i 
Irjd  To  ':i;i)l  ■r:7'  A::flA.  ibli'  hr  .'O' 2^rh vl  ;^di!j ' 'a 

i'r'>^7Whi!  ,r!  yr.-  -j  /x  '<  ej'-d  yxiv  :i7i 

.fc5bt?buq  y^.ri7.^;u^  .;;^!^^^'J.^^' :Vj-i^  ^ .tnr? 
i^^.m‘>  n i/hv/ yd  iyj:iohir:rii  y,  !';/■»■'.  d f:  tl  073 d l' 

■j[  7 jJv;h  x;  in  bf!j;  <r.Ji;c>rf!V>  ;1 'Y  ''A;;- i3.>>>ivrb‘ r77V/of^ 
III  .''bx  brnMdo  eed  .i  ' .:.rj?d  x 'jrnrnoo  odt  nxxrlx 

' .rbiwid^’l  vb:;;£D'jd,.3o  iuoa^b^d 


; 


C 312  ] 

CONVOLVULUS  arvenfis. 

Small  Bind-weed. 


PENTANDRIA  Monogyma. 

Gen.  Char.  Cor,  bell-fliaped,  plaited.  Stigmas  2. 
Capjule  with  2 cells,  and  2 feeds  in  each. 

Spec.  Char.  Leaves  arrow-fliaped,  the  lobes  acute. 
Flowers  generally  folitary.  Braden  minute,  re- 
mote from  the  flower. 

Syn.  Convolvulus  arvenfis.  Linn,  Sp,  PI,  218.  Hudf. 
FL  An,  88.  With,  Bot,  Arr.  212,  Relh,  Cant. 
86.  Sibth,  Ox,  76.  Curt.  Loud.  Fajc,  2.  /.  13. 
C.  minor  vulgaris.  Rail  Syn,  273. 


But  too  common  for  the  farmer  and  gardener  in  fields  and 
all  kinds  of  cultivated  land,  efpecially  in  a gravelly  foil,  flower- 
ing copioully  from  May  to  the  end  of  July. 

The  root  is  perennial,  running  fo  very  deep  into  the  ground, 
and  growing  fo  faft,  that  it  is  next  to  impollible  to  deltroy  it. 
Stems  very  numerous,  long,  climbing  and  twining  round  every 
thing  in  their  way,  angular,  flightly  downy,  not  much  branch- 
ed except  at  the  very  bottom,  clothed  with  alternate  arrow- 
fliaped  leaves  on  downy  footflalks  ; the  leaves  are  very  various 
in  breadth,  entire,  except  one  tooth  fometimes  near  the  bafe, 
and  a little  downy.  Stipulse  none.  Flowers  from  the  bofom 
of  each  leaf,  folitary,  on  long  (generally  undivided)  angular 
ftalks  fwelling  upwards,  with  a pair  of  minute  bractese  about 
their  middle,  which  are  downy,  narrow,  rather  lanceolate  than 
fubulate,  and  fometimes  even  obovate.  Flowers  very  beauti- 
ful, rofe-coloured,  varying  with  lighter  or  deeper  fhades  and 
lines  of  crimfon,  the  plaits  yellowifh.  They  generally  clofe 
before  rain  ; in  dry  warm  weather  they  have  a very  fweet 
almond-like  fmell.  Calyx  with  a membranous  edge,  the  leaves 
obtufe,  lying  over  each  other.  Antherce  red  or  white.  Style 
not  very  long ; ftigmas  nearly  equal  to  it  in  length,  linear,  dif- 
tant.  The  feeds  happily  are  rarely  perfected. 

There  is  a lingular  variety  mentioned  by  Ray,  with  a fmaller 
flower,  deeply  divided  into  5 fegments,  and  of  a darker  red 
than  the  common  kind.  Dr.  Smith  has  obferved  this  in  a 
hedge  out  of  St.  Giles’s  gates,  Norwich. 


1.  ' < 
44  " |i 

A ■,  . • //  i ' 

,»'l 


3 ' 

wt: 

. ..m»i93i  jeajuvaavpTOD 


'•P* 


I 


.^- .. 


■iKjq  »t{t5‘ aswiilt-vH-hj!  Jr  VK^vl  .)' / i j,  .'j  •., 

frt  ,-;-:nnfi-;!-;-j^^  i.-,J(>| 

or  filob , sriXiS'iS.  '.iwitJwoA 

fC  „ ' .rry/oft  . ■ 

A .84  s j,V\  .«w',i  ’ .rjiwgXl  ?ntii  .mVR 

■\  ^ — 

/'w  " /■•'  -.  ' * <.  .'''  ■ / , 

r ,.  •■  .X.’-'  . . 

’■  '■>  Dfro,  H'-,! 

^rrc^du  . 

'eten  x ' .>' , rtcv-i  \ lisY  'ml  - 
.yijj'  ;;j<\'.>*;  ‘inijL 

'V-I>7  ^•f..tcl 

■ Unert 

xii  <^i-.ifi5ir{w>tl<^  ^(kI  ^0^'  oj  ' 


^ tn^oikw 


^Stf»q  3f^ 

V'-'  ' 

'.'  . ■;<*  ■’>•  •, 


m- 


te*'.  ‘ 

&•■  ■ 


IV '^^"'1®^*- 


P"' 


■'■..'iJ.i'Cf  ■ 


[ 313  ] 

CONVOLVULUS  feplum. 

Great  Bind- weed. 


PENT  AND  R I A Monogynla. 

Gen.  Char.  Cor.  bell-fhaped,  plaited.  Stigmas  2. 

CapfuJe  with  2 cells^  and  2 feeds  in  each. 

Spec.  Char.  Leaves  arrow- fhaped,  the  pofterior 
lobes  lopped.  Flower-ftalks  fquare,  fingle- 
flowered.  Bradlese  heart-thaped,  clofe  to  the 
flower. 

Syn.  Convolvulus  fepium.  Linn.  Sp.  PL  0.1^.  Hudf. 
FI.  An.  88.  With.  Bot.  Arr.  213.  Relh.  Cant. 
87.  Slhth.  Ox.  76.  Curt.  Loud.  fafc.  i.  t.  13. 
C.  major.  Rail  Syn.  275. 


Th  I S,  one  of  the  mofl  elegant  and  graceful  of  all  our  wild 
flowers,  is  equally  common  with  the  preceding  fpecies,  though 
its  place  of  growth  be  different.  It  inhabits  moift  hedges, 
twining  about  willows  and  reeds,  and  decorating  them  with 
its  very  confpicuous  flowers  throughout  July  and  Auguft. 

The  roots  are  long,  creeping,  and  perennial,  a little  flefliy. 
Stems  very  long,  twining,  fomewhat  angular,  fmooth,  not 
much  branched.  Leaves  alternate,  on  fmooth  footftalks  about 
half  their  own  length,  dependent,  fmooth,  of  a fwelling  arrow- 
Ihape,  with  the  angles  at  the  bafe  abruptly  cut  off.  Stipulse 
none.  Flowers  folitary,  on  axillary,  undivided,  fquare,  curved 
flalks,  with  a pair  of  heartlhaped,  red-bordered  bradfeae,  clofe 
to  the  flower  and  enfolding  the  proper  calyx,  which  is  fmaller, 
of  5 lanceolate  leaves.  Corolla  generally  white,  but  fometimes 
(as  Dillenius  obferves  in  Ray’s  Synopfis)  of  an  uniform  fleih  or 
rofe-colour.  Antherae  cream-coloured.  Stigmas  fhort  and 
thick.  Seeds  fcarcely  ever  perfected. 

An  extrad  of  the  herb  is  faid  to  be  a violent  purge,  like 
Scammony. 


Jilitil  i • fjy  fioMCrSy 


, t\hllWJLOW.O:i 

T ■'  /■■'.. ■ /,  '■ 


'mom 


KA^taviK*?^  2. 


^ ^ < feq^ift-I f Of j .'^To  . . ;r  / nO  . v:  a U 

ru  r bfl^v  ,e|l:io  ^ rhiw'^vr\^0  • 
ibfi-w/ora'  ’ .o:*i*i3 

►sc  .VTi  .raviA.  ^ .t^t(ifHjjIl;cl  iuIlJYJOYfloO  .TIvS 
.T»K.ua,,«|^i>i  .(i's  .^  A'i  :\mw  ' 


.i>\s  .SV^A  utiSl  /.  .i-.wf')5«f?w«sbl<53  ^'^rliau)hfJf{l  .3 


■ ' ' :''■  '■'  Mi 

3x  'p-j; 


;’  m .. 

' ,.  v 


ooi  .^ir  •.*’l9jr7'.V/  rr.il  J- Kr.l, 

«:  ™'n.;  i-:;.;,.  ..-ri  ,v;ut«i 

' f vp'  '’fF ' .V«t!, <•■.''  V "I'ii:  / .'ill  n’ 

‘ It..  , .li,:^-:  it,.  . .(  ^ 

sftotjflM 


Ai>uai]l,^i4}iA  -.'i'.'l'*/  ;;r!T*  .tisi 


r*-'  ^ 

t'f 


:-;i 


■ .f.  ■ .--■•ijyv  ■■  " '•  ■ ■ ■'■'  '■•  ■■  *'*■  ’ r4' 


'>'• 


‘■■n 


[ 314  ] 

CONVOLVULUS  Soldanella. 

' Sea  Bind-weed. 


P ENT  AND  RI A Monogynla, 

Gen.  Char.  Cor.  bell-fhaped^  plaited.  Stigmas  2. 

Capfule  with  2 cells^  and  2 feeds  in  eaeh. 

Spec.  Char.  Leaves  kidney-fhaped.  Flower-ftalks 
tingle-flowered,  with  membranous  angles. 

Syn.  Convolvulus  Soldanella.  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  226. 
Hiidf.  FI.  An.  89.  With.  Bot.  Arr.  214. 

C.  maritimus,  Soldanella  didus.  Rail  Syn.  276, 


A NATIVE  of  our  fandy  fea  (bores,  as  at  Yarmouth, 
Loweftoft,  &c.  The  Rev.  Mr.  Baker  and  A.  B.  Lambert,  Efq. 
fent  it  from  Weymouth.  The  beautiful  flowers  may  be  found 
in  July,  not  much  later ; they  expand  only  in  fine  weather  and 
in  the  early  part  of  the  day. 

Root  long,  creeping,  perennial.  Stems  procumbent,  fpread- 
ing  in  a circular  form,  5 or  6 inches  long,  but  little  branched, 
angular,  purplifh.  Leaves  on  longKh  foot-ftalks,  fmall,  dark- 
green,  heart  or  kidney-(haped,  entire,  fometimes  a little  angu- 
lar. The  whole  herb  is  fmooth  and  fucculent.  Flowers  few 
and  large,  axillary,  folitary,  on  long  flower-ftalks  thickened  up- 
wards, and  with  3 or  4 dilated  membranous  angles.  Bradlesc 
large,  ovate,  clofe  to  the  flower.  Calyx-leaves  large,  ovate. 
Corolla  with  five  acute  angles,  rofe-coloured,  the  plaits  yel- 
lowilh.  Antherse  yellow.  Stigmas  fmall  and  (harp.  Capfule 
four-lobed. 


3J^ 


f-’iygCiTiibh/^lt^hy  T^u/tt^bt/  £>^t'^oi 


;fc '.vv;.c;  V.  V a 


//D?:  vrTSfT'  .\v’  ; 

\ ohiii  ^);iT  //<il  1 

; ■ yvfA'^  nJidJ  c 'i...-  / 

v,^  4U  .V\  J . .vi\V\  •-'.1 

■ .ui  M.,  >■■'■ -.  . 

'■  .,%  :\.t  r-.^  44.  4 ',  ..r;4  .mO  , 


Kv) -v'  T '■ -TV.-? ^V'i 7 7 i if  j* 

( ^vt  * * * * 

•'•7’J  iO:  - VV.M  •;•,!:  V<.'  ■ 

in;;  /’ ■ .afi  ■.:;7'.:v' •. ; j. 

mU  -:l7  i/;:-.  ■ ' ■^••';.ij  .h->;  • 

. rr  ;yrit  '/h.  f'  (ti-  ,.v.d  ;,Jw  , dl 

Cfi  ' iii  I'oy,*."  7. 

J.  .'i'fiv.qf?  'vpi  in 

v ■m.tm  fUl  7 'n-'.;;  ’,..■  r>n:  1 

■■  ..n:/rf,  x^-;-  ■,.•‘1.  ^ ! a’-o 

~ '{  '>1  ::':;ot.  ;>  rCrt •■'v vv,\|  a 'to 


. ...;U  .'  • 

i 

' ' 

: ;r'’:a-'ra.rUjA 

■, 

' \ . ■;  jMfi!  ..V  r'in-  j^.O  ^,zji.6i. 

M 

•. 


d’ 


... 


m.  ■ ■ 


, Si^La 


[ 315  ] 


L O L I U M percnne. 

Perennial  Darnel^  or  Rye-grafs* 


TR  IAN D R lA  Digynla, 

Gen.  Char.  CaL  of  one  hufk,  fixed,  many-flowered. 
Spec.  Char.  Flowers  beardlefs.  The  little  fpikes 
compreffed,  longer  than  the  calyx, 

Syn.  Lolium  perenne.  Lhin.  Sp.PL  iiz.  Hudf.Fl, 
j4n,  55.  With,  Bot,  Arr,  120.  Relh.  Cant,  52. 
Sihth,  Ox,  50.  Leers  Herb,  47.  t,  12,  f,  i. 
Gramen  loliaceiim  angufliore  folio  et  fpica.  Rali 
Syn.  395. 


IHI  S very  common  fpecies  of  grafs  is  well  known  to  the 
farmer  by  the  name  of  Rye-grafs,  Ray-grafs,  or  Crap.  Its 
agricultural  merits  were  firft  difcovered  in  Norfolk,  and  from 
thence  the  feeds  have  been  diftributed  throughout  the  kingdom, 
thofe  who  bought  them  little  fufpe^fing  the  plant  was  already 
a weed  in  their  own  fields.  Its  chief  ufe  is  for  an  early  crop 
of  hay  upon  high  or  fandy  lands.  It  makes  a fine  turf ; but 
though  the  roots  are  perennial,  it  does  not  laft  many  years,  ex- 
cept (according  to  Stillingfleet)  the  foil  be  very  rich. 

Root  of  a few  fimple  fibres.  Stems  a foot  high,  round, 
fmooth,  rigid,  with  fwelling  purplifh  joints.  Leaves  dark 
green  \ ftipulae  fhort  and  entire.  Spike  two-ranked  and  com- 
prefled,  the  common  ftalk  zigzag,  Hufivs  lanceolate  and  acute. 
Antherx  cloven  at  each  end,  purple.  Stigmas  feffile,  downy 
above.  Germen  roundilh.  Seed  linear. 

The  fpike  is  fometlmes  branched  in  an  alternate  manner,  and 
more  frequently  very  much  condenfed  into  a flat  oval  form. 
It  flowers  in  June. 


A/xiili  1/196  Tubli/kii iy/' fouti-by 


Pv’*’ 


[ ?nt-l 

O D. 


j f i (J  i *) 


io  * 

.'?tvA?)  ■: ' "i' Wsv  vC) 


S'  • ■•  X 

-av.>::.^\  \\A  'A  A.  A\A-'"  V ‘ 


^ ■•■■■■•  .^  . . 

'uJ'  'crM.;:;: 


:>■;  ^ sfio  .'..r>  .r/.,_'v.  ^;..  ■> 


'■  :.■  > '■.,!'':X.  ■■  •;■;  a^ 

/ hA  A):^-''' 

\\  .701  :\'V- 

.'■  ■ / . >*  i «- 

A-  .^  ' VVv\v  Au3. 

-■  ■ i V . 

A-f .:  •"■  . . 

.\^:r  A,4'.^-feA^  r:VhA 

.'aAa’X. 

/ 

X / . ,' 

,.  ,U :;/;■!'/  , 

■ . . >;  , '1 

-.  p 

' ^y-rtifniA'^.tiq  1 . i> ■' ' r- ' P'i  ’ ’’'  •■  ■>.  *■ ' 

-T.  , , . ri  A 

-:V 

.qi,  :.v:  .- 

^::  ;A,  u Arr.-:-'.  i A , , ..  br... 

.-M.7--  ■■  f 

:-  . .•; 'j^  ei  2;;  A.:-.y  : 

' :a  :‘,t.  1'  *■■  . 

-i? 


^'i  •■'  jlS:*I^S  •'  '■'I  ts»'lv: 

•■  ' . , v'-'.  , . . ...  .V.  .w'A. 


A i^yJ^ 


itSK  »■ 


v '■■>'■  v*J^  ■'  I *...■>' 

.* '.  it.»ivr:)ri.'. " i.  l i'-'  : ';■ V. '‘  ^'•‘a  ‘ ■ 


.i^ 


[ ] 

CYNOSURUS  crlftatus. 

Crejled  Dog  s -tail  Grafs. 


T R I A N D R I A Digynia. 

Gen.  Char.  Cal,  of  2 hiifks,  containing  few  florets. 

Partial  Receptacle  unilateral,  leafy. 

Spec.  Char.  Bra6lcae  pinnatifid. 

Syn.  Cynofurus  criftatus.  Ltrai,  Sp.  PL  105.  HudJ.  FI, 
A71,  59.  IVith.  Bot,  Arr,  95.  Relh.  Cant.  39. 
Sibth.  Ox,  52.  Leers  Herb.  49.  t.  7./.  4. 

Gramen  criflatum.  Rail  Syn.  398. 


1 H IS  grafs  is  equally  common  with  the  preceding,  making 
a principal  part  of  the  turf  on  high  gravelly  or  chalky  foils,  in 
parks,  lawns  and  iheep-walks,  and  affords  good  nourifliment  to 
thofe  animals  as  well  as  to  deer. 

The  root  is  tufted,  perennial,  with  long  fimple  fibres.  Stems 
very  eredl,  from  a foot  to  18  inches  high,  rigid,  round,  fmooth, 
clothed  about  the  lower  part  with  fhortifh,  alternate,  palifh 
leaves.  Stipulas  Ihort.  Spike  green,  erecT,  about  2 inches  long, 
compofed  of  numerous  fpikelets,  all  leaning  one  way,  on  a 
zigzag  ftalk.  Each  fpikelet  is  accompanied  by  another  abortive 
one,  which  Linnseus  calls  the  bradtese,  refembling  a fmall 
double-toothed  comb.  Thefe  remain  long  upon  the  {talk,  turn- 
ing of  a yellowifh  colour  in  decay.  Ray  mentions  a variety 
with  4 rows  of  fpikelets.  This  Cynofurus  flowers  in  June  or 
July. 


Cl/rni/.  /7g<>  >-by. 


I- 

f- 

f- 

J 


% 


7 


k- 


■'  ■::\ 


■ 


, J/' . 


' I.  -J/.-  . V •.  ; 

f . - 


.’if  (kf 


; ,1  PS  ] 

d ij  H T ! =■  Va 
' ‘ .v  V\  ' - 

jw>i‘0icl  \ (\y*  V.  3 ^.cv 


.-y: 


r1)?  V , 

\ 'V ' • 

rvr.lf'  ;!r/j;' 

■[7-  ^ 

V- 

yi\') 

fj'b 

,'Jir.! 

ifl/'l 

fe' 

r>;; ' 

[h3x^ 

:v'q 

fy<  .fe'I'idl/i") 

■rA-'ypi. 

XJ 

. '■■ 

(k  f|§/^'fv'i 

y pii 

.io'x.i 

.■■'^  /-x'-'X  -.ni 

’ •*  ■ » ' 

rxn*/ 

\ cl  a 

/j;0  . c 

r^,iA  « V • t i.,_ , •l,\^i.\: 

AuA\ 

rsi.  .a': 

«iil£!i‘^,fj  k’ 

MiX: 

1 

1^-''  1 

W'. 

» ' f 

,'■■  ■ ■ 'k-  ’ ■ 

— 

} !•'>  v/Tgsti  (teflj  'lil 

lA  . 

>;  ' r 

Up  1:  ami  &cl-!ii'.v  J ix*-!  i,:o 

■ § 

7j'  ■ ,' 

f o'i  1 p [ V * /■  . 

; '..J 

■ iX 

kg)h 

« ,<;^j.riii^rhfW  -yil 

'".  '■'■ 

..-si/' 

,-'i- -.ir^rr  • ~ :i 

: ^G--'':;^“  ,ri'r^^>r:/L^f:/V:/-'/k.:i-ni.' is  . :''.?..b‘?v.:.v'  T,rf'r>:v  / '.’ 


r.''  . .■ 

■‘X  iXvn  nf  rjift!  <»V^  ^7,0.  . 

‘ivnri riaj^  I:.ixr 

JSii  lU 

■■■■fGrti,  7.:>''VV''k 

X'l  r:birt.r' 

•jiiii  ‘k\  jn/r  k 

h ic)  -3 

'Mramm  ,’ . .ri?’  .4^ 

u^ru)  J)7t 

1^41';$  :ani  ■<;  lo  xyl-o 

TiSbb's;-  ':  k;:T 

v's,  I,  y.' 

: yff  ,^,,,  . )o  '-k  .;;4;.''«- 

1^ /;  ,'  ■ 4?n£qi5  3 jV’j-  ■ f &h 

i; '■•  . , ' . kj  ;-*.ii'r  .T'^fh/' ' 

r-;'.-  ■ ’ ' ' •,:•-■■  '■ 


[ 317  ] 

D I A N T H U S Armerla. 

T)eptford  Pink, 


DECAlSiDRIA  Digynia* 

Gen.  Char.  Cal.  cylindrical,  of  one  leaf,  with  about 
4 fcales  at  the  bafe.  Petals  5,  with  claws.  Cap/, 
cylindrical,  one-celled. 

Spec.  Char.  Flowers  cluttered,  in  bundles.  Calyx- 
fcales  lanceolate,  downy,  equal  to  the  tube. 

Syn.  Dianthus  Armeria.  Linn.  Sp.  FI.  586.  Hudf. 
FI.  An.  183.  With.  Pot.  Arr.  Sibth.  Ox.  139. 

Caryophyllus  latifolius  barbatus  minor  annuus, 
flore  minore.  Rail  Syn.  337. 


Although  lefs  ftriking  at  firft  fight  than  many  of  its 
beautiful  family,  the  Deptford  Pink  will  be  found  on  minute 
examination  to  be  very  delicately  pencilled,  and  to  poflefs  a 
great  degree  of  elegance  in  its  form.  It  loves  a gravelly  foil, 
and  grows,  as  Mr.  Woodward  informed  Dr.  Withering,  not 
unfrequently  in  Norfolk.  Mr.  Sowerby  gathered  the  prefent 
fpecimen  a little  beyond  the  FalftafF  Inn  on  Gad’s  hill,  Kent. 

Root  annual,  tapering  and  zigzag.  Stem  round,  leafy,  ere£l:, 
fubdivided,  the  branches  very  flraight,  downy,  terminated  by 
little  compound  clufters  of  inodorous  flowers,  which  appear  in 
July,  and  continue  to  bloom  till  very  late  in  autumn.  The 
lower  leaves  are  broad  and  fomewhat  fpatulate  ; thofe  at  each 
joint  of  the  ftem,  and  under  the  flowers,  narrow,  lanceolate 
and  acute ; all  oppofite,  entire,  a little  downy.  Scales  of  the 
calyx  of  the  form  of  the  upper  leaves,  and  as  long  as  the  tube. 
Petals  a little  toothed,  narrow,  fprinkled  with  minute  red  dots, 
and  marked  with  more  or  lefs  of  a line,  forming  an  eye-like 
ring  in  the  centre  of  the  flower.  Each  flower  lafts  but  one 
day,  and  there  is  feldom  above  one  expanded  at  a time  in  each 
clufter.  The  feeds  are  black,  flat  and  minute. 


I 

i 

i 

■I 

1 

y- 


m.  ■ 


[ 8rr/  ] - ^ ' 

.eniniiJ  A Cl  H U;'M  2 O 


.\\<i'X!^<iikk 


'•L 

iHm* 

■ «.- 


•v^i'il  Wl  Vfe  v;  0 0 T H 'f  5\  o . 

•I'svUv-owJ  ,slcfik>fg,b.‘>J;ia,x^'^i'^vui  .hi.yC^  .aaO 


aoiU  '.v-tgiiici  ^a^il  .«ahD  .3318 

--  . ' -r  t . 

>,!;<(t.ia!iO  .i’fZ 


^vSi  . (51  j I .Vi  . 
ftua.  .&4i  ,£  Awvr'.T^K  .toH  .p,'+ .«y. 

;,y  ' .bdc  ;<l6  ’.iVtO  :• 


, ,,  ... 


.’.I 


^ , . • ’ ■ , . • f . ■ ^ .■ 

li  .0  Toi)  tiiiwswAji  ■ io  ••  Jv.,-/|  ft'i'iS'jf'  ju,,  ^(j-o  ’irijo 


bali/iiOTq  narflpw  bn*  '\  ; ^yr'.Oi  :.*  ,;«uvV.>'sA 

-.'i’,  / “ '■'  ' 1 , ■ . , ^ . .r,, 

m ^nhursiq^l  ilisftjT  c fViulcjfco  sHi  ^ % /j 

tna.J>ns  to  ^arx 


fisril  tif:  <A\'iT.>^npoH‘»rtT 

od  nrsj/OTgti  ; jn«l«j  riomn|^ « eiiibm  oh Vd  Si ,e?vis' a‘,i  iii 

M03h5q  lE  wvim  ,23ii!J!iK]'  ( .iL'ijt’ jliront , 

i jjniilv'^?.  lo,  r'i-^’-v?  7'A3x<!t|_  io  l„79  31I1 

3>wori  ud  ion  woBpsw  c jW;  H30)3M^  «y»  djiw«u  listoov 
pnQ  e?^)h«  Wof*lw  moV^^tvIiM^icb  scIT  . 

;>oqffl<»  .biWi'li  (fc'sUsa^Ifrjt  ,<10#;.':; 

jyqo  lo  s;H(j^  t:>«  i^ol  f»it'jjoii  o?/:Tft-.iq'2 

1 ,033151  affig  r._,i#o'"^bw{>tes^|on/fl^^  /fllpojoi#'  iitq 
SSoE  .oagij 

h-/  ''  . v::: 


[ 3i8  ] 

O S M U N D A Lunaria, 

Moonwort. 


CRYPT  OG  AMI  A FiUces. 

Gen.  Char.  Capfules  naked,  globofe,  two-valved. 
Spec.  Char.  Stalk  on  the  ftem,  folitary.  Frond 
pinnate,  folitary. 

Syn.  Ofmunda  Lunaria.  Linn.  Sp,  PL  1519.  HudJ, 
FL  An.  449.  With.  Pot.  Arr.  vol.  3.  46.  RelF 
Cant.  386.  Sihth.  Ox.  166. 

Lunaria  minor.  Raii  Syn.  128. 


I N plate  209  of  the  prefent  publication  we  exhibited  the 
other  only  true  Britifli  fpecies  of  Ofmutida  (for  O.  Spicant  is  a 
Blechmim,  and  O.  crtfpa  a Pteris),  and  we  then  promifed  to 
give  the  fru£lification  in  a future  plate.  All  we  know  of  that 
part  is  the  capfule,  confifting  of  a fmall  globe,  feparating  into 
two  equal  hemifpheres,  without  any  ring  or  bandage,  and  con- 
taining innumerable  feeds  like  fine  dull. 

The  Moonwort,  fo  called  from  an  obfcure  crefcent-like  fiiape 
in  its  leaves,  is  by  no  means  a common  plant ; it  grows  in  both 
moift  and  dry  paftures,  among  grafs,  and  arrives  at  perfe£tion 
the  end  of  June  or  early  in  July.  Mrs.  Kett  of  Seething  fa- 
voured us  with  this  fpecimen  from  a meadow  near  her  houfe. 

The  root  confifts  of  thick  fibres,  from  which  arifes  one  fimple 
ftem,  or  (as  analogy  requires  it  to  be  called)  a frond,  compofed 
of  a pinnate  notched  leaf,  and  a branching  fpike  of  capfules. 
Every  part  is  fmooth,  but  not  polifhed,  of  a pale  green,  the 
capfules  turning  to  a yellowilh  brown  as  they  ripen.  Some- 
times the  leaf  is  bipinnate,  but  that  variety  is  rare. 


3Jb 


a 


•s 


f 

i 


A.  4 


^ * 


- i 


/ > 


, ''■  y , * 


■ ■■ 


'.Vf . - 


i;r;,w4!’  ^ :r', 


/..  ■ j.  ,-i- 


\ 

k^.i 


-■  V'  * ? 

■:  . ‘ ■ i’  ,'.  . 


17:  .-  ^ 

V ,-  . ^ •;■ 


: / 


5iV:%Tu  lJj.rtt  V’^  !-' 


1'  i 


• ::r  ':.  ,■;!!  ,T' 

",g  ^...v-' 


U7V  iti;- 


■•  ' 1 v N/,1;  ',.7  ^ 

'.: 

J '.‘f  . . .)  '!•  >1  . !.';V. ;:  ' .■  ,* 

si  .!,  ' '•!  ’ > -I 


,,  j 


..  t 


'■  'r 


;/  ■■  V-:!  -in-  • . ■■■ , 

'•■'•I  ..••  : ■'] /■  •'..  ■ -'  ,■':  . ' 

■ ■•'  -.  :'  ■ ■•  ^ -y v:;vjiT 


^4  '.-.'i.  QJ  i.I:,':'-- V.jirj.yr  'g  , ’vj 


1 


-J 


C 319  ] 

VACCINIUM  Oxycoccos. 

Cranberry, 


OCTjINDRIA  Mono^ynia, 

Gen.  Char.  Cor,  of  i petal.  F'lhnnejits  ariliiig  froin 
the  reeeptaele.  Berry  inferior,  with  4 eclls  and 
many  feeds. 

Spec.  Char.  Leaves  evergreen,  entire,  re  volute, 
ovate,  aeute.  Stems  creeping,  tlircad-fhapcd, 
fmooth. 

Syn.  Vaccinium  Oxycoccos.  L'utn.  Sp.  PI.  500. 
Hudf.  FI.  An.  164.'^  JFith.  Bot.  Arr.  395.  Relh. 
Cant.  154.  Dick/.  H.  S'lcc.fafc.  5.  1 1. 

Oxycoccus  feu  Vaccinia  palufti’ia.  Rad  Syn.  16']. 


Sent  from  near  Scarborough  by  ?vlr.  \V.  Travis.  It  grows 
on  turfy  bogs,  moftly  entangled  in  tufts  of  Sphagnum  and  other 
bog  molTes,  which  cover  the  furface  of  clear  lhallow  waters,  fo 
that  thofe  who  gather  the  fruit  are  obliged  to  wade  up  to  their 
middle  to  get  at  it.  The  flowers  come  out  in  June,  and  the 
berries  ripen  in  Auguft.  The  roots  are  perennial. 

Stems  fhrubby,  llender,  trailing  and  creeping  by  means  of 
long  fibrous  roots.  Branches  fcattered,  procumbent,  leafv, 
flowering  about  the  upper  part.  Leaves  alternate,  on  fliort 
foot-flalks,  fmall,  evergreen,  ovate,  entire,  revolute  in  the  mar- 
gin \ dark  fliining  green  above  \ glaucous  beneath.  Fiower- 
ftalks  about  an  inch  long,  red,  with  a few  fcattered  or  oppofite 
bradlese,  and  each  bearing  one  drooping  red  flower  of  lingular 
elegance.  Calyx  in  4 obtufe  fringed  fegments.  Corolla  deeply 
divided  into  4 ovate  petals,  on  which  account  fome  have  judged 
this  fpecies  to  form  a diftindl  genus  from  Vaccbiium,  Stamina 
flat,  downy.  Antherse  deeply  cloven,  difeharging  the  pollen  by  a 
hole  in  each  point.  Berry  pear-lhaped  or  globular,  of  4 cells,  red 
when  arrived  at  maturity,  and  often  fpotted.  Our  figure  re- 
prefents  it  not  fully  ripe,  in  order  to  fhew  the  cells. 

Cranberries,  when  prepared  with  fugar,  are  grateful  to  moft 
palates.  They  are  brought  to  London  from  the  moorland  coun- 
ties, and  even  imported  from  Ruffia.  d'he  Swedes  have  no 
idea  of  putting  them  to  any  other  ufe  than  to  boil  filver  plate  to 
its  proper  whitenefs,  the  fharp  acid  of  the  cranberry  corroding 
the  external  particles  of  the  copper  alloy. 


i 


^P*i3prv> 


[ Oit  ] .. 


..doaioj  Aaa?.^;i 

t 'K'^, 


m 


m 


. 's*?: 


.Ua\(^v'ri'  V. \.  5\.  Ot  VL >\.  ^ 3.  C\  U. 


7iuVi*l  ‘Jxobivlh  ^lr)l  ijino >>  Avk')  ah'>  O 


' ■ fioqo  Jbb  Aav- » .b'';:; 

’'•\  * Tj  A-,5  : * , <,* 

rnd  i!iiv/  ^^^!Ai)  er/c'ir  ■ .;’i/!fO 

i.  nxOfWo  .'Jiiid  :)i3  -jo/t  'fc  (!iooT 


( ' 


y-"-  5^.‘ 


;,>\  .£4.^i,A‘\  .<\y-  .W-VV 


f'r’  . ■ . • 


.2ir,3ri\ 


.1^1. 


. , ' g.  .v  l ' 


:ra  ■ 


, ^k" 


....  . ..,  ■ ^T- 

iilifft/rf'i7|5  •jjiii.v/  ,^rqi9%  iHr.w  1 

iijCST  nivflocrw  5fl3  ii  5utxii;  '^Au\h:tjU' 

^dv!^  3fidq  ;>dT  1:'^;  v/»{'pr«  ^4^ry{;o  -k/J  ;^'it>j.ij.k*;i 

t*-.;  Aj. 

■>  '■  ■ ■,  jucV.!k  ;i  ■•y/rcfi- Lmi« 

^ ' f;.-  ' ,.;  ,0. 


p!$i  I bqr.  Hum 


ji'wH  yA'.bv3fri^;  : 


V:jcfpl-J^,  >C».  ^?A4.  i:\ 


ad^  % «3vU'Ya' 


.e’jgxds (so'^%^'  :>t&Wf«3Vr;>V<Ti r j f d^w ^ ■ 

(fliCty  ^<5  w Vtf  ^irarfobftcw'Ut  ^r'fiii^>..#l,  !Vi::^dT  ^ ^■' 


.it!d^4u niji  iSi  i^unv^i  wh  .^o  DlyJni;c?rg?i;q^'^  t?xiT  ^ i 


-w- 


S - ' 


, ■ y •■■>, 


[ 320  ] 

RESEDA  Luteola. 
Dyers-weed^  or  Yellow -weed. 


DODECANDRIA  i:r\gyma, 

Gen.  Char.  Cal.  of  one  leaf,  divided.  Petals  jag- 
ged. Cap/,  of  one  cell,  open  at  the  top. 

Spec.  Char.  Leaves  lanceolate,  entire,  with  one 
tooth  on  each  fide  at  the  bafe.  Calyx  in  4 feg- 
inents. 

Syn.  R.cfeda  Luteola.  Lhin.  Sp.  PL  643.  Hudf.  FL 
An.  207.  JVith.  Bot,  Arr.  492.  Relh.  Cant. 
184.  Sibih.  Ox\  150. 

Luteola.  Rail  Syn.  366. 


OUND  cliiefly  on  walte  ground,  walls  and  fimllar  places, 
plentifully  about  Norwich,  where  it  is  ufed  in  the  woollen  ma- 
nufacflory  for  dyeing  yellow  and  green.  The  entire  plant  when 
about  flowering  is  employed  for  that  purpofe.  It  is  an  annual, 
and  flovv^ers  about  Midfummer. 

Root  fmall  and  taper.  Stem  2 or  3 feet  high,  erefl,  thick, 
fomewhat  angular,  branched,  leafy.  Leaves  alternate,  lanceo- 
late, obtufe,  entire,  fmooth.  Spikes  terminating  the  branches, 
confifting  of  numerous  pale  greenifh  flowers  without  much 
fmell.  Calyx  in  4 fegments.  Petals  3,  the  uppermofl;  3-lobed, 
its  middle  lobe  cloven  •,  the  lateral  ones  Ample  or  3-lobed. 
Nedbary  on  the  upper  fide  of  the  flower,  notched,  greenifh. 
Stamina  numerous,  hanging  down.  Valves  of  the  capfule  acute, 
with  3 yellowifh  intermediate  appendages. 

There  is  a variety  mentioned  by  Ray  with  curled  or  undu- 
lated leaves.  The  gaping  capfule  of  this  genus  is  remarkable. 


Jjo 


.V;b  ;7l  {VA\  > vVlA 


ft 

i^-. 


;.  \v\  5!.  <X'AV  ^.  a ' i a ^ - 

Ayyg^i't  ’-V»iVA  .!)3l;ivfi:.  AcA  to  A.. .p  ajiO  .v^*x) 

' . ; .qot  J^-'^ 

' ' ■ ^ 

o/!)  j o:ri(.l)  duy  trjV:yjl/:^fii  11/  .;i/  ’.J  .03  18 

: *•  ‘ ^ ^ Doimov/c-I 


^i.Bi'  .'uavA  p\WA  .£o4>.  rAAVv'^A'A  ' .^c.': 

-,;  ' ' .< -J  aD  A^■’A•. 

- - f 

^ .db^  .\Ai6  uiiil  -Aiiy^An  .yl 


VTYC 


‘h 


i:>d'  e5^rilb5:>6*tq.  ad)  f/r.h  L^'i!‘■«'^^  f;i  ,'  < ’ll  A 

S A'Oi'^  3r  1»vrjwo(l  S(t^uTf/.;V’  *‘‘=f / - A/  i . ;•  Sfi.’ 

n oiti:[  siiOt\  3g»m.woij|,.  ^ bfT£  <.-;hi?;  1:  v-  . 

', /s  A ^■•’ -i’y  U'l: 

.vl£  4 t:ijOdml  >!:i;4)  x;  f-ini'  ^r  . a .,  ..v  ’ 

' '''  'fl  y^'  yl'f’-'  . . ' > 

baiiiioff  J M'l  <7: -'f.  -1 

L^orVxt  ?n  «•  {lA-’jn''»<j ‘-  ^i'jBq  <i  ■ 

fXri  'A  .j  y\'  I'r;,, A ■/:*'  iA  ^v’nD  ■ .&lv  a o’V.  h^^OL-x. ^ ...-'ii-Aly 

-■'  7*4.]  Avi4  /.,  lA  TtM/>  if.'i  IjaI-'.aQj;  .•  kxivi  y'’A*  '.,d‘f^ 

\.7;;'.'  ' 'A  ;;-'  ■■■  :,v^'WV-  •■^-- • ' ' ' ■ ,'*  \ •■ 

-i,}  -dT 

AhU:  A,'Afyj  >m&.'  :Ay A : ::■  . 

^s  J .Avoidi  ysu-A^  7A'i7J>i  7u  A f.  \c  *’n^j  tn 

' ' ' ■ j \ A • ' • f.  a’  ^ 


br' 


[ 3^1  ] 


RESEDA  lutea. 

Wild  Mignonette^  or  Bafe  Rocket. 


DOD  ECAND  RIA  Trlgynla, 

Gen.  Char.  of  one  leaf,  divided.  jagged. 

Cap/,  of  one  cell,  open  at  the  top. 

Spec.  Char.  All  the  leaves  with  three  fegments;  the 
lowermofl  pinnate. 

Syn.  Refcda  lutea.  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  645.  Hudf.  FI.  An. 
207.  With.  Bot.  Arr.  493.  Relh,  Cant.  184. 
Sibth.  Ox.  15 1. 

R.  vulgaris.  Rail  Syn.  366. 


X HIS  fpecies  is  rather  lefs  general  than  the  preceding,  be- 
ing confined  to  chalk  countries,  where  however  it  grows  very- 
abundantly,  and  is  very  ornamental,  flowering  from  June  to 
the  end  of  autumn. 

Root  annual,  ftrong  and  woody  in  fubflance.  Stems  feve- 
ral,  branching  into  a thick  bufhy  tuft,  round,  fmooth,  leafy. 
Leaves  alternate,  in  three  or  more  linear  undulated  pointed 
fegments,  paler  beneath ; the  lower  ones  once  or  even  twice 
pinnated.  Spikes  terminating  the  branches,  of  numerous  ful- 
phur-coloured  flowers.  Calyx  in  fix  fegments.  Petals  fix, 
fingularly  lobed  as  expreffed  in  our  figure.  Ne^Iary  green. 

The  Rejeda  crifpa  gallica  of  Boccone  and  Ray  feems  to  be 
a very  trivial  variety,  having  leaves  a little  more  curled,  and, 
in  confequence  of  a mild  climate  or  feafon,  living  through  the 
winter,  as  happens  to  other  fpecies  of  this  genus. 


.ruiixiicf  M U I Vi  hVA  A O 


' 

- . ; 

.\W^\\v;Cy 

.- 

' * 

• . lifti  iA  ’ ' • 

.0;^- 

':,%>  /v.  'j- 

/ Uf  ''  • 

J 

1 

< • - . • I'  ^ 

-tJ] 

h,i,d  o(lf  }r. 

A. 

filln'i  w 

/fi  Ojiij  3.fT 

rU/ina'A  ,lr 

i: 

■ .‘’■‘IXfi' 

• fjv/r.  AiEiir.ij 

i\U>: 

f , ,^ 

’i)  fbro 

.oh  hit/ 1 

■'iJl  f:i;.; 

■i  ■ 

.km 

vhoiii’ij'j 

vbfctit  > 

s <3., 

'yy^fitn 

,v/oi‘jd  . vif£ii  tf)'r[‘3:> 

1'.  PwilfiA 

A •■  '■ 

.■  '' 

V ■ • 

.*j  /odi; 

'A^  ’•  .(i*'jxr(‘.{  mijl::r.‘5'>v ) ' .vi/r: 

.'  ■ ^ . • .4-1  . 1 .\Wv,'. .)  .'A\  A .lof;  .'A^^  AM 

, • Awr  Wvvi\A  * ;:ui  ({i;!f!ir:f'oir' 


i»!>c[  io  jr.dJA  .'•jMA/"-' ‘A  ivA  /.t-iV.  ?;,i-  '>^7  .t  r 

io  AaA  A f'i  ; ■ .'  ''olod.v 

b.  $;■..; ?n\ I fil  ;'  . ' 1,*>  ,v  ([I 

)i'i  i tj'th{h;yUl/Ir/:h'J  h>  f . j ji  ; .i'  . i .*!l/I 

^ ^ ^-tb  iriid-iilff ,3 1 ■ . v'M:,->:'avviAj  ! . ]■  ‘ ii  "4!  ',. . b .,  ‘ 

n:  •.• ;'. . ;r'  J , _ , '^A-  you?  ‘ 


.•'.  .mA 

'‘Tikji  ni  i/Aii'/hhrj  i 

f.i  !jfu; 

<,  , 't  nt 

vh/.- 

,'nwA 

‘ yfo  .•  ■ 

i*i-  JooA 

no  ,f ; 

Ai  hiuyi  iiiln: 

• 'Arrlfcq  i;  iir  ;^,: 

■1  Lin; 

Ji.'fu 

■>';‘l  -li-n."!' lo '^Oi.rr  •■ 

.'■j  j ■;'...  . Jli  ij 

1 i;Ll\  ; J 

r ; ■ * , 

An\h 

:J 

t •]}',  d--  ' 

VV.;.  '.i 

-.4  ,lf,*j  jq 

Kjoin 

■•?’: 

. oAb:-;;' 

O'./  ’. 

!/•-;.  ‘ ' 

.A  idi  il? 

!;  o Jinq  ir.  //to 

• d-;  ar'j-j 

[job 

f.'d  ■ '.. 

yfy^i 

'inii’rj  b;^i  >/  ' r;/ . 

0 ■?.■;.  ■ 

/JAir  ,*...// ol/ 

, .-fiKO.)  . ) 

•j -n'c 

i i;yj;qa4u  )•;>  ^0 

'TO  4;.  '/f.-/;' 

t nib 

b?..  V/, 

'*''y  :.:C;a 

4>{  v:'-.i/hin^  h':/:  ^ 

YPoi'-to'vofi  a!; 

Yt,  Oj  „;/t 

-*  A 

i 

iU  /ii. 

odt  ly’:^ 

Ifi.- 

; 

' 

‘ ".'  ' ■'■  ' 

.‘i'v'  ■ d Ji^WrijrruA'd’; 

wik 

[ 322  ] 


GERANIUM  phseum. 
Dujky  CraneJhilL 


MONADELPHIA  Decandria, 

Gen.  Char.  Style  one.  Cor,  of  five  petals,  regular. 
NeBary  five  glands  at  the  bafe  of  the  longer  fta- 
mina.  Fruit  beaked,  feparating  into  five  arilli, 
each  tipped  with  a long  fiinple  naked  awn. 

Spec.  Char.  Stalks  two-fiowered,  in  a leafy  panicle. 
Stem  eredt.  Calyx  flightly  pointed.  Petals 
v.^aved.  Arillus  keeled,  hairy  below,  rugged 
above. 

Syn.  Geranium  phaeum.  Lhin,  Sp.  PL  953.  HiidJ, 
FI.  An.  301.  ReJh.  Cant.  Suppl.  2.  14. 

G.  montanum  fufcum.  Rail  Syn,  361. 


E received  this  plant  from  the  Rev.  Mr.  Abbot  of  Bed- 
ford, who  found  it  at  Everholt.  Mr.  Sims,  druggift,  of  Nor- 
wich, (hewed  Dr.  Smith  fpecimens  gathered  in  Lancafhire,  and 
Mr.  Relhan  mentions  it  as  a native  of  Cambridgefhire  \ but  it 
Is  perhaps  the  rareft  Britifh  Geranium.  It  inhabits  dry  paf- 
tures  and  thickets,  chiefly  in  mountainous  countries,  flowering 
early  in  fummer,  and  is  often  cultivated  in  gardens. 

Root  perennial,  thick  and  ftrong.  Stem  eredt,  hairy,  forked 
and  terminating  in  a panicle  of  numerous  flowers,  on  fpreading 
two-flowered  flalks,  with  two  pair  of  fmall  brown  chaffy  brac- 
te3e  at  their  bifurcation.  Calyx-leaves  elliptical,  tipped  with  a 
fmall  point,  hairy.  Petals  dark  chocolate-coloured,  wavy,  with 
a white  claw.  Stamina  all  fertile.  Seed-cafes  ftrongly  keeled, 
clothed  in  the  lower  part  with  thick  upright  hairs  \ at  the  fum- 
mit  naked,  and  wrinkled  tranfverfely.  The  leaves  are  many-lobed 
and  crenate,  downy,  with  prominent  interbranching  veins  ; 
the  radical  ones  on  longilh  foot-ftalks,  the  reft  folitarily  placed 
oppofite  to  each  flower-ftalk,  and  gradually  leflening  towards 
the  upper  part  of  the  ftem.  Stipulae  much  like  the  bradlese, 
though  fomewhat  larger. 


300-- 


rr  • . ;■ 

'•  W'  ■ ' ' 


•’tI 


( ) 


.niujcnifiaq  H OT  .‘I  O O M A T 0^1 

_ ' , - *-  ’ 


• ' " \:\  K d V:.  V.  A T 'A  T . 

3non  . ,-jii6u  A'tO.  .rauO  .X3J> 

%i'  k/ ■^ . 

Jioiiil  ■ .haiO  -oa  iB 

' / :v.  • :r\"  M mi  07/J  «ni  5rfi 


[;8 1 A^l  .ji j ,;a'^5:|gmn]oH  x y ?» 

i\^  \\^\ 

.,.  . ■',  .chV /tO  ‘■-'z 

/a'  \ - . •■/  >;. 

x&s  aiilol  i/^)' ,fmfi^Wlf(ri  M' 


■ ."+1 


■ 'i 


iii»MIM%''>'»'»i 


.0>  i 


^ili  ^0  itumioor^l  miiiiCGitjH  nff?ir!;:iJ  311  X 

i Jaiilq  ■ 8hb^’*lo  ^ joiiid.  aloOT  ^>dl  wotI  :«d  ; c-v-^ 

n«xf  tiilo  idiioL  on  u&o  W-Il  t^rjbtJ''  yj£io  bn4;  ^!t:n::;J 
adw  gi  dfji  STtij)  sie  .1,  jiii-soibb  ^Vi:  R /r  f jJ 

rnid  flio'xV' b*^'do:>3i!i  j^iuvud  d*'--ii''  .i!4 

di  li  tdj^uoxiiV^^Yn  ul  ^bmapvTrkiw  Jon  iia  jJ  ' .’ibl 
^ ' • 'a>^>7/c>li  ^bibT^if  jbiqKT  ;,3^fnrt)iJ! 

:|Cfju{  n'  fdOf\  •^nJjfejii^ho  •'  ti  ?w. 

Hii  81  an  i^m  c '»* 

y OTtf^j  at>3lo‘ ^nlfebJxo*  .T^bntr  & rbiifw  t r ;*'snj 

aaJxjioq.tnfi  wmyru  ^bmDi3X5  t’t'i.fi 

jnolf^biiK  owJ-^id  ^rrfbkoiql  f)iia&  s>^c 

ifr  BsniT  :'>ii  no 

ni  io;  OfiOt,  -rsJnvir  r/di..-afod£  6ih  ;^i:'iO  «i^;/c?4 

*7oxi3o§o3  35'j/Ij  10  .o^^f'J  kiiscTjwb  '/iqiiiB 

voIb'(  onod^nA  ‘.-ufoioo  oviib.iinb  #;  •♦o 

.oihuo  tdiulck)  urn^bi^'  .bird^^pwi  Yii5n^fub  v . . . 


a',,  1'\’'.  \ 


: 


I. 


,_:l 


t i‘3  ] 


POTAMOGETON  peamatura. 

FenneUkaved  Pond- weed. 


TETRANDRIA  Tetragynia. 

Gen.  Char.  Cal,  none.  Petals  four.  Style  none. 
Seeds  four. 

Spec.  Char.  Leaves  briflle-fhaped,  parallel,  thickly 
fet  in  two  ranks. 

Syn.  Potamogeton  pedlinatum.  Linn,  Sp,  PI,  183. 
Hudf,  FI.  An,  76.  JVith,  Bot,  Arr,  175.  Relh, 
Cant,  ^i,  Sihth,  Ox,  66, 

P.  millefolium,  feu  foliis  gramineis,  ramofum.  Rail 
Syn,  150. 


X' HE  Linnceah  Herbarium  has  no  fpecimen  of  the  Potamo- 
geton peBinatum ; but  from  the  whole  hiftory  of  this  plant  in 
Linnseus  and  other  authors,  there  can  be  no  doubt  of  its  being 
what  we  have  here  delineated.  We  are  fure  this  is  what 
Mr.  Relhan  intended,  having  received  fpecimens  from  hira- 
felf.  It  occurs  not  unfrequently  in  rivers,  though,  if  the 
ilream  be  rapid,  it  rarely  flowers. 

The  root  is  perennial,  originating  from  a tuberous  lump, 
then  creeping  horizontally,  flender,  much  branched,  as  is  alfo 
the  Item,  which  floats  under  water,  extending  often  two  or 
three  feet.  The  leaves,  though  extremely  narrow  and  pointed, 
are  flat,  and  grow  alternately,  fpreading  in  two  diredlions, 
on  the  fmall  branches,  having  long  fheathing  bafes.  The 
flowers  only  rife  above  the  water  about  June  or  July,  in  a 
fimple  fpike,  but  cluftered  two  or  three  together  irregularly. 
Petals  kidney-fhaped,  of  a dull  olive  colour.  Antherae  yellow, 
very  diftindly  two-lobed.  Stigmas  obtufe,  entire. 


••  'V 


if 


I 


i 


, : ; t ••  ', 

7':,>'7.. 

A J d H i.':  :i 'i^ 

Y \v'-A'  Av\V\Vi  \\.)  . ; • 


■ \ v\'i^'v.:voY"VXSl*:> 

rii' .d/,T,'D  ,::.;''V 
.'^ontJlrlL?  mY'  ' :>lino‘ii:r'  ;'::rT 

'.\  .bbiH  ;;  ^ 

*Y'\  .H.r'')l'.di !/■!', !'!  f H*';  \ '[Pj 

,dS'  'A\\\>J  J'Vui  ' . .d.^.wU 

r .?!*:  .mA\Kit)  i\\\\\  :':v.'''.v^’;^,  .'1 

/■  ‘ , o _ . ■ o 

's(\  * .YiJ-dinr!*  fi:>r(aPdjni  j-j'rflulcq  . F 

V ’ ■ ' 1,  ...  ,3-’'.:  ^ •'  -il  ■ • 

.^•.«>u,  ::infir..  :-.rT , 

«;|j:  ■ •■■■ 

iwisdmsO  Is  ,V0  v ’ <®  .’■i-'''’  '"■*’■■  ; ' Wr.^Sn  i I i.J. 

ilv  fii  e'^ihuh  lo  l;i;m  dfl.)  m oik  .qw  b Jilj  ’(litdq  bAO'.]  £ it: 

'i^o"  i?rll(biOa  3i  .L'ooHutscJLkkfs 
rjEwhJjOfjJ  ^ud  ffinl  vUBdi  f:b:>pt  birJiunt  io  ‘ rJi 
r:60*f  ejjmdB'  jkI  bycd^'dfb  05  y!lr;;l-;oo'i  iairii  £.  ro 

I ijurj  'io  hmJ  fd  rbr/^  iifd 

xia  3;lfl  33!{1  srfi  *rsbitu^h[a$T3.vJY>^  lu-  .q-i  b^dlc  A noJW  .h:i 
juo  etmo;)  o}Id  w brull  //  li  I'^iEiblib  brij;:  ,:  • 
oS  HK  '(d  id  ;?0O':*£vbi.  ,;Aj'.lq  2r.;‘eYlb''0“ia ; 

v!3-r;;jb!:>rn; ’4  ,f  ' . 

?Xi;n3?o>T  r>u^q;i  ttiod  a i[:'r q:.  .•> 

"'a'ffYlf?  ' 4^->d3 ' ■ ■■•®^  ■“‘'‘'’’• 

iuM  ’’as.*.  I'itfefl  .-/W- , 

b f'.I  I: 

Hilii il jjHv/ .' 

• V ' ■■.  . ■ .•  ’ ^ 

' ■'■  _ ■ iy'‘)  I*  f''  ■■•.■'■  ■'  ' '■  '■  '.'■. 

■ ' ■ '■■  ' . ■ ; ' ' ■ V.  " • " • 

^ : .'"\;3:''''’-f:M;)iiv'''"  ",  . ■ ■ 


[ 3H  ] 

T R E M E L L A granulata. 

Granulated  I'remella. 


CRYPrOGAMIA  Alg^. 

Gen.  Char.  Fru^ifcation  fcarcely  perceptible,  in  a 
membranous  jelly-like  fubtlance. 

Spec.  Char.  Green,  globular,  cluttered,  membranous, 
containing  a fluid. 

Syn.  Tremella  granulata.  Iludf.  FI.  An.  566.  IFith. 
Bot.  Arr.  V.  3.  225.  PAh.  Cant.  Snppl.  i.  26. 

T.  globofa.  JVcis  Gotting.  28. 

T.  paluflris,  veficulis  fphaericis  fungiformibus.  Dill. 
Mufc.  55.  t.  10.  f.  17. 

Ulva  granulata.  Linn.  Sp.  FI.  1633.  nec  Mant.  136. 
Lichenoides  fungiforme,  capitulis  vel  veficulis  fphae- 
ricis aqueo  humore  repletis.  Rail  Syn.  70. 


Gathered  very  abundantly  Sept.  8,  1795,  Camberwell 
in  a pond  partly  dried  up,  alfo  on  the  mud  of  ditches  in  that 
neighbourhood.  It  confifts  of  innumerable  green  globules, 
about  the  fize  of  muftard  feed,  feffile  at  firft,  but  foon  elevated 
on  a thick  foot-flalk,  attached  to  the  mud  by  fibrous  roots, 
but  not  conne£led  with  each  other  by  any  kind  of  cruft  or 
leaf.  When  walked  upon  they  crackle  under  the  feet  like  thin 
ice,  and  difcharge  a watery  fluid  j which  alfo  comes  out  fpon- 
taneoufly,  as  the  plant  advances  in  age,  by  an  orifice  at  the  top, 
and  immediately  afterwards  the  fkin  collapfes,  forming  a little 
cup  with  a hole  in  the  centre.  See  our  magnified  reprefenta- 
tions. 

Mr.  Relhan  juftly  obferves  that  the  Ulva  granulata  of  Mur- 
ray’s Syji.  Feg.  taken  up  from  the  Alantijfa,  muft,  from  the 
defcription,  be  a different  plant  from  that  intended  in  the 
Species  Plantarum  and  Flora  Suecica,  which  laft  is  unqueftion- 
ably  our  prefent  Tremella, 


I 


■ , " r • m ' I 

.e'r;;iirJn.U  M O <l  3 .1  Y T O 0 


V.  v si  a.\'.  ^ ■ • ■ 

bisq  ono  lo  .ibrY^ovh'  .V.^>  .’-'  LiJ 

lani'iO'g  311)  lb  yYr.fi  .oill-  *>  " jffrlt  iHo  ’(  wAys/, 

,.  -K"/  . ' , 

fa'))8  .h /qylioyr  cC>:^}J  :^n  ■ j .01^8 

.erroifib/iyq 't 5'^’^ ' ’11  .iiAfjiyn'-f  .-’loY:. 

■■  ' ' \ '■  , ' ;:  ■■  . ; . ■ ■ , 
ba '.jidA^l  .ar>;AT;:n:  .1  > . -78 

^lj.i'  .‘^=0  ./vtVv  r ■ 1 ..  A\ 

^ .T^n  .W|?^  \viuL-  - .Y'.y'  .0 


[5n:pK>fll'>''a*l  3k.^:^y;v7  .Ji..' ^ >.•  '..ii  '>1-'} 

y-T  '!T  ' ’iM’ -■>  .'''  ■-  7 

K)/ri  //  ■‘'  ' ;y:‘l  )■.»  i);>'.'.  .'.  " .'  I 


looi? 

; r-HU  . .-.  0 ':  : 

. \j.b  ,*’;Ay::VT-'t  ■J  ^ . .r^  > / 

’yHl  bfiBvy’l  yr 

1 0;  iolf  1i:  '-  ■ r 

* . -fjf.'ynj;  V.-  ,.  ' , > 

■-1  1;  .<:.-• 

. * ,7.  y’  ,:  , ■ ’ ''.‘y.'iv/ 

'A  .;■, ' 

< , 1 . ji  i.'.!*. 

’ '\  * ■'»  . ■ ;■  ’ 

ff/j / )hrii^m  u’ii  y-X 

1 CiiqrAft  >*»’ 

'Ardi;  r; • ' '■ 

^ y.,  y'  ■■''^'  ■'■ 

'■  Ap  > : v •'  ■, ;‘:  ' . ' 

> y'afrr; 

1 y;?  ;ff*';(  iV.'  • 

■ ’{'  • ’ 

.!.;0  ; ,;'.Nj; 

, '■  'A  ' : ‘ . ^ , . 

;pi'' ^71.  ; 1 ' 

.1(1  > A'---'  '''  ■’(  ’’ 

;'>l  J i/j;!-.  if-.:'  'y  .'.‘y  ''' ■ . ..' 

v?  su  : -/■>  ■'  . . . i 


! ;’nr.o'  Jyvp  ■.  A, 

' 'a  Y.'!j'nr:-/  pi  I’,  • _ ■ 

V . 

5f  ";h.7^’  .‘7  ?^  r AyuA'-jv 

ri't  ,,Vii  -pril  -y  S.l 

o-'rorv' 

yi  ‘♦dj  "} ' ■'vrj1, 

flu  .'7'; 

y.'/U  'V) 

;a:o  ^ ^ ••W 

y. 

A-  V '='^-"1 

C 325  ] 

COTYLEDON  Umbilicus. 

Common  Navel-wort. 


DEC  ANDRIA  Pentagyma. 

Gen.  Char.  Cal.  five-cleft.  Cor.  of  one  petal. 
Nectary  of  five  fcales  at  the  bafe  of  the  germcn. 
Capful es  five. 

Spec.  Char.  Leaves  peltate,  fcollopcd.  Stem  fpikcd, 
rarely  branched.  Flowers  pendulous.  Bradteae 
entire. 

Syn.  Cotyledon  Umbilicus.  Lain.  Sp.  PI.  61^.  Hudf 
FI.  An.  194.  TFith.  Bot.  Arr.  463.  Sibth.  Ox.  143. 

C.  vera,  radice  tuberofa.  Ran  Syn.  271. 


17  OR  this  wild  fpecimen,  gathered  on  at  Peterborough, 
we  are  indebted  to  the  Rev.  Mr  Hem  tied.  The  plant  is  moft 
frequent  in  the  weft  of  England  and  Wales,  growing  on  moift 
rocks.  In  Gerarde’s  time  it  grew  over  the  door  of  Pole’s 
Corner,  Weftminfter  Abbey,  but  was  not  to  be  found  there 
when  his  fecond  edition  was  publifhed.  It  flowers  in  June, 
and  lafts  through  July. 

Root  perennial,  tuberous.  Stem  round,  very  fucculent  (as 
are  alfo  the  leaves),  purplifh,  erect,  terminating  in  a Ample  or 
branched  fpike  of  numerous,  drooping,  pale-yellow  flowers. 
Leaves  fmooth,  moftly  peltate,  on  longifn  foot-ftalks,  more  or 
lefs  deeply  and  acutely  crenate,  thofe  on  the  ftem  becoming 
lefs  peltate  and  more  deeply  notched  the  higher  they  are  fitu- 
ated,  and  at  length  changed  for  fmall,  lanceolate,  entire  brac- 
teae.  Corolla  cylindrical,  the  margin  in  five  fmall  eredt  feg- 
ments.  Antherae  on  very  fhort  filaments,  inferted  in  two 
rows  juft  within  the  orifice  of  the  corolla,  and  not  projedting 
beyond  its  margin. 

Though  this  be  the  variety  (3  of  Linnaeus,  yet  being  by  far 
more  common  than  his  a,  we  think  it  beft  to  retain  it  as  the 
true  C.  Umbilicus y as  all  authors  have  done.  If  the  a (Mr. 
Hudfon’s  lutea)  be  really  diftlnd,  we  (hall  take  fome  other  op- 
portunity of  deferibing  it. 


' A I A ^ J J A 

' ^ . / ■'-*'» 

-■■  ;.:  '>  , \ ■ 


S.-‘ 


n-} 


,As!jif^'A^V  V5».,|i.  "X  vA  Vv  A Vt 

' ■ ' '"  ■ -'"'  ' ’a 


anm  "^vjj?- 


■'  ■ ‘ ’■  " . -'r  . . / '*  . t ' . •■’■■•  ■ ■ Vv  . 

rjh'iiij-i’l  ,')jdoMir(A-it‘^rtil' .Ka'hJ  -.Ti!-:  . 


•»< 


I ■ ; ■£ : 

' ■:■  , ,f 

" 1 V-'  ' / ■ ’ 


: ' 

i' 

■ • •,  V .'■  > 

/3t  /' 

iifitui.  . 

'1 

if;;.-!  ■;Tii 

''  A 

Is'B's  . 

\ ■ kfcbV? 

■'  .■ ' 

-.8e,f..-v 

. 'H 

■&:/ 

Au'  :j 

.0 

.<S|> 

"'M 

if' 

. ->■  t ^ r 

^ , ■ 

>r; 

■-.  .'Kt"-' 

'■ 

♦ f 

':v . 

lu  vrtim  jp  V‘«nfc>t:j^'3o<in  ■ 

Woql'  ,t*>i|b30rfc-Ti-^^;i;-’Tf.« 

i U|)  ?;iibf.U*r  «yito  -Jf)  t’artEroi  ,3«ocimi:'‘ 

^r5t:^,/»o  :9:^w(4':So  (aaoTt^il  T- 

.toil  -ftohpV.i 

,.'''  -JM-'  ,■.<;  Ik.  . . ..vj,  ,iS  *1  'Vw  , ,:  :•  >■  If  ?'• 


t . I •■ 

.1^5' « ’ia  ^,)3^|''i&m..:«if(?»$;,;«^  ,.‘''' 

, :,U>W;ij'^-(ll--i«  gnifcf/i^WS^iy  - 'ST 

i!?:!S  -i'^ii  »i'.‘W  iJ)l9^?.<-3({oia,'t!»«<i  »'  <’**'‘,  tofosisos  .'^J' 


‘^frK  'A\^  TV  ■.  ••  V.  , , 

^i(i# 


a*?,  .y.  lo  vl^h;:v  M»3  f(«P53l' 

, • ' '.  .')!ifi93nn®3ii^»  iiMd  viw  ♦7*;  ri»':l'*ao  aloal.  oH?  ,'-'g.\ 

* “V  ■''  ■ Af.  ''  i • '''■■  ■-■*' 


[ 32^5  ] 

A L I S M A ranunculoides. 
Lejfer  Water  Plantain, 


HEXANBRIA  Polygynla, 

Gen.  Char.  Cah  of  three  leaves.  Petals  three. 
Seeds  many. 

Si’EC.  Char.  Leaves  linear-laneeolate.  Fruit  glo- 
bofe.  Seeds  acute. 

Syn.  Alifina  ranunculoides.  Linn.  Sp.  PL  487.  Hudf. 
Ft.  An.  158.  With.  Bot.  Arr.  382.  Relh.  Cant. 
150.  S'lhth.  Ox.  120. 

Plantago  aquatica  minor.  Rail  Syn.  257. 


Grows  in  fwampy  turfy  places,  not  very  frequently. 
Mr.  J.  Rayer  gathered  it  on  Finchley  common,  flowering  in 
Auguft. 

Root  perennial,  of  many  long  Ample  fibres,  as  in  moft  aqua- 
tic plants,  from  the  crown  of  which  arife  feveral  upright, 
narrow-lanceolate,  fmooth,  entire  leaves,  on  long  very  fpongy 
foot-ftalks.  Stalk  moftly  taller  than  the  leaves,  upright  or  de- 
cumbent, round,  fmooth,  bearing  two  or  more  whorls  (often 
proliferous)  of  flowers  on  long  flower-ftalks,  wdth  fmall  mem- 
branous bradleae  at  their  infertion.  Calyx-leaves  fmall,  round- 
ifh,  concave,  permanent.  Petals  much  larger,  of  an  elegant 
pale  purple,  yellow  at  their  bafe,  expanding  in  the  middle  of 
the  day,  flightly  waved.  Stamina  fhort.  Germens  very  nu- 
merous, colledfed  into  a fmall  globe.  Seeds  with  five  angles, 
and  an  acute  point,  forming  a round  briftly  head,  by  which 
it  may  always  be  difiinguifhed  from  every  variety  of  A.  Plan~ 
tagoy  the  feeds  of  which  are  very  blunt  and  comprefled. 


326 


T 


1 


-•i, 


i 


.r 

> 


. ■ fj. 


% 


\BilvrrjihiJii  3 1 3 a ] 


U\"uXV/t a.'- 

- ' L\,  ■ 

sk/oq  kinok-D  O'Vt  Stlj'  ,->;;I»5;/lti  .A.'.i  !,'_)  ■ » 

.!>^i!o)';0  (Khotii  '(ai.ra  ihiv/  ”■*  . I ;<iiii-:J 

.3lqm:i  ktui  i:-isff:0  ,3 -v 

.\vv,ui.  .'^■C'Q  .i‘\,  . .U'.'dA  .ijfincoil. /:!'  - r 

■WO  .'MV  ■ ■ .?_3i  .I-A.  .,\ 


.Va\v\\  .'.-^vO  l 


t 


rjfi  .r  .V..,  . n-. 


ki;-.';  ^ . biiJr..  ■ 
''7  : Ir-  f.i  x :.;  ; 

.:  ;;  ;|f, 


r»if ihO  ni  0-;^  ■ 

-rs-JU^  ^ ' , ■.•  ■ 

'••U'fr;  .,  ■■ 

btwtoM  ,nol>nov!'jw-  kvL'v-j^  :'■  ■ ' 

ni  .p!T  r-ICYljff  /bviv:,;.  .. 

di  or  'in  Jr'.'l I .1' '-rk-c  ir..-.]*' 

to  ^k'.’X’iino'rj-te  JiVi  'ifh  'io  M;f:o-;j/x;ji  p-i  10  W'n-^y 
.{ythiv)  h y;..l  , rr:\'oi  - h)  .v  .,■  j 

m ikiti.vai  f .ktt/on| ’’-'IS  'K'O'j.’  ■/.>$  ..'li 

^ kuo  .(([.ij/rj  • 

frnwiM  • .Kjvr/ii >/.?-!  v.>  a.-o  -vb-:  > .:> 

^^^1'/;  ornj  Jt'O 

3 if?,  _ .Wli;it.  :3v;rn  no. 

V)1t  ?S' ^ ro  ili^binq 

j:,r  ,,0Tb4J.'i  llij  ' jfiork  ^two  7"--'ro 

■3om  ^nnd  tfSfio-r^turo  o‘Jj  odl  nj  l;;5o-  v,ik'«f 

3URr:ai2>fb 

^i:r^ r-,:,a 
lOO  i‘.j_i;i:.r|_y  ?;l>oubo«'':.i|owr;i  ilofi  ,€> 

■ **■ ' ' '•  V :io:t  v ■ ■ 


[ 327  ] 

I B E R I S nudicaulls. 
Naked-Jlalked  Candy -tuft. 


TETRADTNAMIA  SiUculofa. 

Gen.  Char.  Cor.  irregular,  the  two  external  petals 
being  the  largefi:.  Vouch  with  many  feeds,  notched. 

Spec.  Char.  Stem  herbaceous,  naked  and  fimple. 
Leaves  finuated. 

Syn.  iberis  nudicaulis.  Linn.  Sp.  PL  907.  Hudf. 
FJ.  An.  285.  JFith.  Bot.  Arr.  682.  Relh,  Cant. 
249.  Curt.  Loud.  fafe.  6.  t.  Dickf.  Hort. 
Sicc.  faje.  I.  10. 

Nafturtium  petrasum.  Rail  Syn.  303. 


T.  HERE  are  but  two  fpecies  of  Iberh  found  in  Britain, 
neither  of  them  very  common.  The  amara  has  been  already 
figured  in  this  work,  plate  52.  That  now  before  us  Is  found 
on  a dry  gravelly  foil  in  feveral  places  about  London,  Norwich 
and  Bury.  We  received  it  from  W.  Matthew,  Efq.  in  flower, 
May  9th  1793,  being  quite  a fprlng  plant. 

Root  annual.  Herb  varying  much  in  fize  according  to  the 
greater  or  lefs  luxuriance  of  the  foil,  and  conlifting  of  feveral 
leaves  of  a lyrate  form  (a  few  of  them  generally  entire),  fpread- 
ing  flat  upon  the  ground.  Stalks  feveral,  unbranched;  the 
central  one  always  eredf  and  naked,  the  others  fpreading  or 
decumbent,  often  bearing  one  or  two  leaves.  Flowers  white, 
in  a fmall  corymbus,  afterwards  lengthened  out  into  a fpike, 
on  comprefled  flower-ftalks.  Calyx  of  four  equal,  concave, 
purplilh  leaves.  Inner  or  upper  petals  as  long  as  the  calyx; 
outer  ones  about  twice  as  long  ; all  entire.  Stamina  all  very 
nearly  equal  in  length,  though  the  two  outer  ones>  being  more 
fpreading,  feem  the  fhorteft,  all  of  them  bearing,  on  their  inner 
fide,  near  the  bafe,  a very  Angular  petal-like  appendage,  which 
authors  have  not  much  noticed.  Pouch  curv^ed  upwards,  con- 
cave above,  convex  below^ 


I 


A 


} 


1 

» 

i. 

i 


r 


■I 


M ■■■■  1 


./nf!f{  ^Li)hJlq  ^Jncd^^PQ.lo  .hD  ‘.haiiD  .i«:iO 

.jVil  'W.^A  . 

fiod^mrri  si  ; 'ir  ^IlnlS  -J  .OJT  ,t" 

//  iiovj^'xl  . i u .•  o'i  y^no  n'mctf  r»dt  f^asT'* ' 


ni  “lo  tyij^qi  aUiT, 

...,;;  Mfijha  'to  ttri|. 

m^v^f^  ?ay  ifc')  \bb>im  *io  tbrjn  xf»i;m  &tj/oj  ' 

►^iloH  Lpi:  -prj  ufods;  Vflj^h^qi^  Jlif^A  hnu  ^fjj^  jjrf:  ' 

sdf  tdyrsdli  '//  ^.!»ixl»4g  kw  ;;  hjO  . - \ 

'i:W:-‘ ^ ''ft'y--;  p’:.;' ;'  • ' ' d .iM 

/diiml  io  tila} ^ft».  yf)<X'*/r  ;3il  jcc/1 

75iiKt  fhj-fr  b^Jy^n i:.i^  vi  'nHj  ^3 

«oi)i;:>hc<fU'»  .etvbli  tOJBfn  nr  /liJw 

holi:lij'}r;>d(rj  htJB  i?’ la'iJ  >:  vj)  ruo  p>  iicd  wi  f 

^rfl  I0  yitcM  1 7ij.  j»fb  1:1  :jnMo  ion  6b  54^ 

i^nwis^jbn  liid  ??1’0/Ii  i>c«;  fitfi  ta-fbrriti 

^tfn>  ibfid  ahT6;’l  r ; i-  T:>ib;>^D]  W 3*)  ,?':3-f.  ' f 

0 eda  biff  wr]^  :-o  .v.vi*fj  ;:;  i .,  -vi 

biifw,  «!>ijiid  fOrlrpun  h-'^^;f^kpq  usb  ' 

: ’ -^  ■ y-  S-t 

WMij'  uib  lo  :jT'ij^fl  boojg.  c jd  odi  Sbl  !>d  J^n’iijcv 
>o?i*  hns  ^sliijloni  a 

, ' ■ iibifi 4 'eb' ■ oii 


[ 328  ] 

S T A T I G E reticulata. 

Matted  Sea  Lavender. 


PENT  A N D R I A Pentagyma. 

Gen.  Char.  Cal.  of  one  leaf^  entire^  plaited^  filmy^ 
Petals  five.  Seed  fingle. 

Spec.  Char.  Stalk  panicled,  proftrate ; its  branches 
zigzag,  the  barren  ones  bent  back.  Leaves  wedge- 
fhaped,  a little  pointed. 

Syn.  Statice  reticulata.  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  394.  Hud/. 
FI.  An.  133.  JVith.  Bot.  Arr.  327. 


r HIS  fpecies  of  Statice  is  hardly  to  be  found  in  any  other 
part  of  Great  Britain  than  on  the  coafl  of  Norfolk,  where  it 
covers  many  acres  of  muddy  fait  marfhes  with  its  blue  flowers 
in  July  and  Auguft,  efpecially  about  Wells,  Cley  and  Holk- 
ham.  Our  fpecimen  was  gathered  below  Wifbeach,  by  the 
Rev.  Mr.  Hemfted. 

Root  ftrong,  woody  and  perennial,  bearing  thick  tufts  of  fmall, 
narrow,  obovate,  or  wedge-fliaped,  leaves,  flightly  pointed,  and 
entire.  Stalks  proflrate,  deftitute  of  leaves,  very  much  branch- 
ed, the  branches  zigzag,  matted  and  entangled  with  each  other, 
with  an  ovate,  fliarp,  membranous  bra^lea  at  each  divarication. 
The  bark  in  our  fpecimens  is  a little  crifped  and  tuberculated, 
which  we  do  not  obferve  in  the  Linnasan  ones.  Many  of  the 
branches  are  barren,  and  thofe  often  reflexed,  but  not  always. 
Flowers  few  together  in  Ample  terminal  fpikes,  ere£l:,  each  enve- 
loped in  three  or  four  larger  fheathing  bra^leae.  The  ribs  of 
the  calyx,  and  the  petals,  are  of  a bright  purplifh  blue,  which 
turns  white  in  drying. 

There  cannot  be  faid  to  be  a good  figure  of  this  plant  ex- 
tant. Plukenet’s  t.  42. yi  4.  is  moft  like  S.  echwides^  and  Boc- 
cone’s  Sic.  t.  44,  is  too  imperfe£l:  to  be  of  any  fervice. 


32b 


it/  /&  fnes  ^#ni)ni . 


r 


o 


* 


■ 


w- 


■* 


W. 


y^'fi 


V 


'M:  : ' ■ \ 


■ V ■ „ . 

* fe‘.‘''  A-.  Vr  ^'tiii'/.V.H  w\  '' ' 


t :)f; ' 


ytvO  .y.i\ 


no 


.iSTOufcib. 


\h^r/ ,..«/ifO  .onTSi 

iv'miJiWfva  .vlxS, 


♦db^^.uVv  .Y^  AWiliV  .r  rii/rslmiff* /nrr.Mrrf^ 


.U!.n*TilxK;.a  .ff 


ma^mtnan  xn  brfot  .uumihkim  nuus’a^dqg 


^ ;•  % 

•J  *T  .;oi5W  ;.fferii  ri^^^ilth  \o  ^ U O 

otspi&^HW's®-^  .,;(K  .oui  .Tjflio'i 


I'ilies  'jliin'HJ.flOa)  a^ioV  It! 
i^'s;  :.;^^'^^^^^^pW  mafr  ,e;^ao^ 

?B{q IrbAoJ-^tfejcrfaljiB  jl.  •, 

lii  gri®0f>oD  outc^*! 

p3  yfebl  gono  •rinrjr 

■,  j , m.  '^|>ii(li)^i  ■ fBH V 

h'<^'  hLl  , , qIuIw.  /fjiw  boijiHi^ 

s^‘jl  300  ^rxit  ■f'-iff  !i^7  pd3,|?ir  trolfyithUnoa  vhjil  k 

iW«5^  fitfolvdo  ^dK%  piuullda  vdX 

, - ■ .,v  -, 


Xaht  ' :;i'  l’.>.‘  • / * •_  ',  'V  K .'^V^:, 

'A'.<'A.  . , /'*'■'.  -vi-,  ®^Eii-!-:'’  ■ i.^:.*’''''  ’ ^.iV.,' 


ff^.-wtlimibWiir  '•'  •,  w-  ' .•  • ’- i / ' 


[ 329  ] 

B U X B A U M I A follofa. 

Leafy  Buxbaumia. 


CRYPTOGA  MIA  Mufci. 

Gen.  Char.  Capfule  oblique,  membranous  on  one 
fide,  gibbous  on  the  other,  with  a lid.  Veil  de- 
ciduous. 

Spec.  Char.  Stem  none.  Capfule  nearly  feffilc,  fur- 
rounded  with  leaves. 

Syn.  Buxbaumia  foliofa.  Linn.  Fil.  Meth.  Mufc,  33.  t.  i. 
f.  4.  JVith,  Bot.  Arr,  v.  3.  77.  Dickf.  H.  Sicc, 
fafc.  2.  30. 

Phafcum  montanum.  Hudf.  FI.  An,  466, 

P.  maximum;  Light/.  Scot.  693. 

Sphagnum  acaulon  maximum,  foliis  in  centro  cilia- 
rib us,  DHL  Mufc.  253.  /.  32./.  13. 


Ou  R fpecimens  of  this  rare  mofs  were  gathered  by  T.  F, 
Forfter,  jun.  Efq.  in  September  1794,  on  the  rocks  nearHam- 
fil  forge  (commonly  called  Harrifon’s  rocks),  and  on  Eridge 
rocks,  SulTex,  near  Tunbridge-Wells. 

It  grows  in  little  patches  on  the  upright  Hone,  but  each  plant 
is  feparate  from  the  reft,  confifting  of  feveral  erecft  leaves,  the 
inner  ones  long-pointed,  embracing  a folitary  nearly  feflile  cap- 
fule,  which  is  oblique,  the  top  pointing  upwards ; its  orifice  is 
ciliated  with  feveral  white  permanent  teeth.  Lid  conical,  with 
a little  conftridfion  in  the  middle.  The  veil  we  have  not  feen. 
The  obliquity  of  the  capfule  forms  its  moft  obvious  generic 
charafler. 


sj 

' J 


ii 


M D *)  .?  A VI  'I 


:fv^''‘>  ,:.• 


. - ^ fPCi  ■ . , •■<  ■"•■  ' ti-  ■,^  /■  ' • _.■  •■  ■ , ^''  ■' 

dUiom  -^n\ t -b  rllr//  . ;*  a \i  ) . k St  > 

iifn'i  ^Tiirp" n<> 


■ ■ ■■SZvvfai  \ rs  V.'.'  ■ " /,.  ■■■ 

' fS^sC  ■'  '.-  ■'  ■ 'k 

m6  ,'^i|>.  $.  no  Cl  E %'Ji  H T'  A xj' 

i ^ZT>n 

01  Hue  uo  ui  eii  f'H^qh  xl  .rt^hyoi'J  tc&ti 
mat  9if  6j  5«-  yiis^irfo  ol  ng^irtJ  .nbltoKJor^’n  tnn  y<l  ;(MHoiq 

ii  ■- ^ • 

}rfo3:>n«l  t ,^ioot  in^fq  ■ 

YiEv  il^yw  <|37i;3r^uito7^'^  tbb^  ,i»iilft;> 

VShyi  «norft  k «t>UtE  d^aiwlo  sltnao  »fll  laoil  hac  irfjhssid 
b WDh(lqE3  fftibaF^>t  J5  f<5y7033?  hna  Imiio 

6m  si  ibv"  3'<riV-,«,^,.twolD'^  6*n&i 

btiE  ^ifiti^'hrmos 

ili  jii^  i’^6crii  tCMt  j^>Viypyi 

3f>J  lol  /%ucwii  ion  Unofli 

; jti  }>3Di:Iq  671:4  aagbi/j^./ii-feltno'^^v^ 

ih  6d  nii6  eaHom  lio  bilol  ^lom bWl  lih'ibSl 


fy: 


• ' i'*f;  ’ '«£’■:  ■ ' '6 


[ 33°  3 


F H A S C U M curv’icolluiu. 
Crooked  Phafciim^ 


CRYPrOGAMIA  Mufci. 

Gen.  Char.  CapfuJe  with  a lid,  the  mouth  ciliated. 
Veil  minute,  deciduous. 

Spec.  Char.  Stem  none.  Capfiilcs  on  curved  ftalks. 

Leaves  ovato-lanceolate,  acuminated,  fpreading. 
Syn.  Phafcum  curvicollum.  DickJ,  Crypt,  fafc.  2.  i. 
With.  Bot.  Arr.  V.  73.  Relh.  Cant.  fafc.  3.  8. 


CjATHERED  by  the  Rev.  Mr.  Hemfted  on  a dry  bank 
near  Newmarket ; Mr.  Dickfon  found  it  on  barren  grafly  fpots 
near  Croydon.  It  ripens  its  fruit  in  April  or  May,  and  may 
probably  be  not  uncommon,  though  fo  minute  as  to  be  rarely 
perceived. 

Each  plant  is  fimple,  with  a fibrous  root,  a few  lanceolate, 
entire,  pointed,  pellucid,  fpreading  leaves,  which  vary  in 
breadth,  and  from  the  centre  of  which  arifes  a ftiort,  reddifli, 
curved  and  recurved  ftalk,  bearing  a roundifli  capfiile  of  the 
fame  colour.  The  lid  afeends  obliquely.  The  veil  is  more 
confiderable  and  permanent  than  the  generic  chara(5ler  feems  to 
require,  nor  can  we  difeover  any  fatisfa£lory  reafon  why  this 
plant  fhould  not  be  efteemed  a Bryunty  though  for  the  prefent 
we  leave  it  where  the  moft  accurate  judges  have  placed  it,  at 
leaft  till  fome  more  folid  generic  charadlers  of  modes  can  be  dif- 
covered. 


nUM  ua  } V 

, , .W!^v  -K?  - U A Cl  VI  I T '1  -•  s. 
i)  Hi  .•\CKi  .^':;v;>%r  0vti 'to  A^v)  .y.s^nO  .y  i'xj 

, . 'V  ' ...  . 

, ; • ob^^^orTi;  fl^rv/ jot-o- ■ ^ 

^A)7  i (jovY^xi  Aji^oiO 


>..,l\  -.i.?.;:  ..V, 

>.'..A  .:;.  y:;.-':.]  ;.,  .rpYA  1?  7 /': 

Ij.S'.i'.O  Av '•  '.I';'?  '.  ■ 

'.V‘.  .'Vi^X  .x.'AVVlpj^i  .vAy 

. 'X 

.Yor  .A.i)  /bAJl 

. ..■  :■■  "M  ■ 

.O'-'l.  .AvA  vv’A  .II!X;ni:^f'/ 

. ■:  * • 

J eJr  in  vlinMcn^^K' Jxii;  ^YliAl.’jrj^jrr  bav*  Ad'  :.■  ...k 

f^fitnolxO  t 3i/nd  : Ci  ,feOYr';^  ^jiLib  <!' 

cboojV ' ■•:  ;i r/y.,  yt  l.ojk-  aio;  <'l!i;  o i tiYlY  -‘cd  : ;■ 

’ ,f  V>  -‘i.M,  iis.r:  ’to  tJ-YYh:*!! 

r _^fii7/0-f9  iu- li  ■!“>•  ':r.,ii  i;  jArjir;.'-rd 'vLAi/'j  E fei  :5l  '1 

yhy.imn  oTii^  Ad  |A1.>;.  a:  jsii 

^A-;-'-'  -::f  < rli:/.:*!  vrb  ni 

l'>  bif':!  t^rifA 

,^^^>V';oi  y;L  7YC|.;|U:x0;;;^^  i.j'jTj  K . -|  ,p.*<lK^Aiy.v,  1 

i ’er:  ;>ic  8uv. 

■A;;  ii.  L 

^y*:lrv^  al  fc7t>v/or>T  j/joi,// 

::  U’  .:bA:.;  lAr  OC-dl 

no.  ii^  9T!K  e/i)  h^iiW  .hJFis.qn~u 

iiqit  fji-.ip  ii.A.-fi  jud  I ■ V.  : .!  vi.A  1^0  wolb^'  ^f>bn  iiomijo-^o 
t h JryrAd'  mir 

. ' ■'  , ■•  ■ , ; >1  Lite  ?cR , 

'jiU  jij<]  iiotlVlo \xS^vJS\  c*d  nj  ]'■'{<■■  RfdTv" 

)i  Y/MiiC'*frY;,c?  Swi  n.  :>  J?  ff-AAv/  vd  ^naijort  ;>-^Li 

' ' ■'  .te.T.>v  4>Yi/)>obt5  i)/ 

..;  yia  7d  j-'' 


[ 331  ] 

VIBURNUM  Lantana. 

Mealy  Guelder-rofe^  or  Way  faring  Tree. 


PENTANDRIA  Trigynla. 

Gen.  Char.  Cal.  fuperior,  of  five  leaves.  Cor.  in  five 
fegments.  Berry  with  one  feed. 

Spec.  Char.  Leaves  heart-fhaped,  ferrated,  veiny, 
downy  beneath. 

Syn.  Viburnum  Lantana.  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  384.  HudJ.  FI. 
An.  129.  With.  Bot.  Arr.  318.  Relh.  Cant.  126. 
Sihth.  Ox.  104. 

Viburnum.  Rail  Syn.  460. 

Ray  mentions  this  fhrub  as  growing  in  a clay  foil.  Wc 
have  obferved  it  moft  plentifully,  and  apparently  in  its  true 
wild  fituation,  in  chalky  places,  as  about  Henley,  Oxfordfhire  *, 
not  but  that  it  occurs  alfo  here  and  there  in  the  woods  and 
hedges  of  moft  parts  of  England,  flowering  in  May. 

It  is  a thickly-branched  fhrub  or  fmall  tree,  growing  to  a 
larger  fize  in  the  north  of  England  (as  Ray  alfo  remarks)  than 
in  the  fouth  j its  twigs  round,  pliant,  and  mealy,  with  the 
fame  kind  of  tufted  ftellated  pubefcence  as  is  found  on  the 
flower-ftalks,  backs,  and  even  upper  fides  of  the  leaves.  The 
leaves  are  oppofite,  as  in  the  whole  genus,  fomewhat  ellip- 
tical, heart-fliaped  at  the  bafe,  obtufe,  ferrated,  ftrongly  veined, 
without  ftipulse.  Flowers  in  large  terminal  cymes,  white,  with 
yellowifh  antherx.  Stigmas  feffile,  very  fhort  and  thick.  Berries 
comprelTed.  When  young  (as  in  our  figure)  they  are  red  on  the 
outermoft  fide,  yellow  on  the  other  •,  but  when  quite  ripe  they 
turn  black.  They  have  a little  mealy  aftringent  pulp.  Seed 
large,  flat  and  furrowed. 

This  is  fuppofed  to  be  the  Viburnum  of  Virgil ; but  the  poet 
fays  nothing  by  which  it  can  be  afeertained,  mentioning  it  only 
in  his  I ft  eclogue,  ver.  26. 

The  leaves  turn  dark  red  in  autumn. 


3-3J 


MU  Hi!  a if  IV 

fc\A^  v.-V,-?A;  ■ .id 


, ,S^  \»  'v  y;  u 'V 

m rx^:,^^7s^  :^nt  ‘io^;v:HT}qui  \.Cy  .xauD  .«hO  ■ 

^ r:;f\v  yyv/d  .r  liit,^i'f!'i:.ui: 

,’■.  ' A ■ ’ '*■ w...,»  . 

-l''"  ■■  f:-  ■ , '• 

:'’1L  4«£/^  A;.,,-;,;.  ^ 

..wA'>;::av,a  ,o,)  .Av 

■';*v’  ,.^o  .-Vi  'Z 


"■; 


/ ./tt  '■■;,>!•')  V.  ui  'jAunruO;;  ,':  . I i i i 

'<-r'>woJi  .-.x- 


urn  «lu  fr..:  ••  ^ ,f  j. 


'•i  :,ir>.,mn;"^r>rr  /- 

lo  f.umt  ,A)i  .// 

iw  tUAm,r''j5^-3  yv:^v_,-:  , ..vcryTvvoii  •' 

■ m-j  pw,  fri/lha^  o,  ui  <■  ■ 

' ^iuq  Hi  Hm  ai  riu^Avui  ’ pxTl  Y-u;,;,*  iii.d;;,  1 '.,  'j  - 
c.o>  7hH3  . > ,.Iot  ,PM£,tid-  ylhiiyoat,  ', A V «■  -.l.x- ' iki- 
£ bdt  iC’M '.ilr  sbijjAoj  e')i)£;v  ^ ,',vtvv:.)  .!•  „' 

UaikD  ad  ot  ,\i,r;i,;h.i’,a<;£  i/rwH^.v  a 

'£iv,rdgi;:rn!»<jb;»r,-fifijt5.j^^  , 


jio  ?ij<ji’;;.vi;i:;*H''-‘r,n  • ■''.:-A-i  ,. 

.‘^.'  - r -(yvv'^i^qoc-,  ^ 


t 332  ] 


VIBURNUM  Opulus. 

Common  Guelder -r of or  Water  Elder, 

P E NT  A N D R I A Trigyma. 

Gen.  Char.  Cal.  fuperior,  of  five  leaves.  Cor,  in  five 
fegments.  Berry  with  one  feed. 

Spec.  Char.  Leaves  lobed ; their  foot-ftalks  fet  with 
glands. 

Syn.  Viburnum  Opulus.  Linn.  Sp.  PL  384.  HudJ.  FI. 
An.  130.  With.  Bot.  Arr.  318.  Relh.  Cant.  127. 
Sibth.  Ox.  104. 

Opulus.  Rail  Syn.  460. 


TT HIS  llirub  is  common  in  woods  and  hedges  in  watery 
places,  flowering  early  in  June ; the  bright-red  berries  ripen 
about  September,  and  towards  the  middle  of  Odfober  the  leave 
aflTume  a beautiful  pink-colour,  affording  another  inftance,  in 
addition  to  that  of  the  Cornel  (fee  tab.  249),  of  a genus,  moflly 
American,  the  leaves  of  which  turn  red  in  autumn.  In  gar- 
dens the  Guelder-rofe,  bearing  round  bunches  of  abortive 
flowers  only,  is  very  common,  elegantly  grouping  with  the 
Lilac  and  Laburnum  in  the  early  part  of  fummer. 

It  is  a fmall  bufhy  tree,  fmooth  in  all  its  parts.  Leaves 
with  three  great,  unequally  ferrated,  lobes ; their  foot-ftalks 
bearing  feveral  cup-like  glands  towards  the  top,  and  a pair  or 
two  of  ere£t  linear  appendages,  fcarcely  to  be  called  ftipulae, 
near  the  bafe.  Cymes  of  many  white  flowers  *,  the  perfedl  ones 
fmall,  refembling  elder ; abortive  ones  in  the  margin,  each  con- 
fiding merely  of  a large  irregular  flat  petals  without  organs  of- 
frudlification.  Stigmas  nearly  feffile,  clofe  together.  Berries 
drooping,  very  fucculent.  Seed  flat,  heart-fliaped. 


f., 


I i-cc  j , . , 

.&rjhh  A I a ir  O H s :i 

\Vu.’ay 


v.\siav.  ^o'a^'OQ  . 

Of  It  /iO;::;flihfTi;ir.>[/;;oq  4.  ‘lO  [^U)  .•^.0  .JrAH!-)  .;•  Ar- 

.VA‘‘‘^  ,'tf.oi  oru  to  \iO 

rovolo  I n/;  4-VNha,irj  11')  ,o:fsK 

thloo;>niiI^ei>vr/j.l'  .oiifvo  vluoii  i;;  >;ii.o/fri  'Kf)i:/l 
Jif. //  liij  i l .(jjoorfrt  ,ouxf  odl  ii>  ynUi'j  ,*y^ti,'ji  jt 
, ■ .rf;'',rf  iijofit:// 

.01  A.^  .UiA  .\jft  .\\u'..\  i .j;i')hti  >;iu  i.jdqiA'I  .y  70 
()>  .'t'tK  Ai^Vi  yA  V A AVwtV\  .i;io  ;;  17*107  .3 

,7'^^  .Oo.  .\\Viv3  .A'.77\ 

):||p^'  .0I£  ,-oUor. 


sLD  iinoa  ofb  liq  nafh^i  vM  .vvH  : -A  i kUO  'i 

rrl  h'>vh:,oj  tjw  f ^odw  mo  \/  ‘ r n ...»n-r,  :i 

^ r^7i;7  p^v  eh-  T pn*)mu^'{l  iil-  v 

Bi/^xnaiJ  lo  ..I  ^ rn  -.dT  .h'<cjiT4,(t(di!ri  oo»-fjf;it 

h/  to  Oth  ni  br.m.i  ,irr  Hi.L  Ar  . . 

’?/  oi  iu.-  ;.'1  raf:t  - .y^ 

liiirno  ihinwt-.-iix;  .uw  1'  tio;  -j  7,,.  ,.i.  j -1, 

7/^rw/orft  mxirxcdTOjI.iifl  J.ytjM.i;,,;?  . » f>  yti 

I tjdj.  mo't}  ^>a!sd  O:  >ia.  -v  ,ffi  :)d'i  .v.\  aitv,-. 

"alivIL  bnoo‘ji  :jib  iraii  c7  if^fH  jny'nny.ul  c'i  - 

I i<)  Bfnynofiyit  Ot'fl,  xn.ii  yUio.Tfi  i idoii;  OiIj  to 

> 'JcH:  ,ij':iliiino3  ol  tiodjfij:  H!;  ni  f»fK  w\o'iw'«’vs\j' 

Jdot  Bi  doiilw  ; fem^ol  Y‘Ai  .*r/od;;  ■•lii  lud  nir  rf  to!  i^winj* 

J p/irJhj  yd  jfojumo'j  ofiJ  lurpd  ov*Vd  o)  (n^ai  iaiv/  ’l.c'-  ' rft 
niiiuny  f!ik[  10  ni\^^uTr.t7  ;)d;  7^1 

‘ • ■ OaoT  . > : ; , ■^’■  •v  ^ .■(.•.a''->  i 

0'£  Euoidfi  IbjfiA  yi5/  £ ^ni'/rd  Ji.tmnJ  nj  , ..  - O 

IIOI  tVlq.'fiil  moici  ,d^{irdi'd\o  d\?J  :odW 

i i’jiirrf')  ajibcoa)  m ^mY>i.y  «r>jjslo!sortr.l  .'ov- vJ- 
.)  .vux^fi  i>*>5i,n5H.‘>j;7ci  Yfi3  7Bb7fir.vo;j  Uf:  :7ncr./ OtiiwOiTidi 
oroi  liij  t 'iOQCfb-i'jf ;-/  kijYcq  iovrr>  !.t^i'■^..^Ulhoi^ 
rydni  d^LV  :aD  '^v'olby  J ot  /‘vA 

fti  ..  r :t  ;:.q  r • ' ,y!  7>.d  , ii'*<!y:r 


\ 

B 


C 333  ] 

EUPHORBIA  ftrida. 

Upright  warty  Spurge. 


DODECJNDR I A Trigynia. 

Gen.  Char.  Cor.  of  3 or  4 petals,  Handing  on  the  calyx. 
Cal.  of  one  leaf,  inflated.  Capf.  3-lobed. 

Spec.  Char.  Umbel  of4  or  5 rays,  3-cleft  and  cloven. 
Partial  involiicra  nearly  ovate.  Leaves  lanceolate, 
ferrated,  entire  at  the  bafe,  finooth.  Fruit  warty, 
without  hairs. 

Syn.  Euphorbia  llridla.  Lmn.  Syf.  Nat.  ed.  10.  1049. 

E.  vcrrucofa.  Had/.  FI.  An.  209.  With.Bot.  Arr.  497. 
Relh.  Cant.  186. 

Tithymalus  v^errucofus.  Rail  Syn.  312. 


O U N D by  the  Rev.  Mr.  Relhan  011  the  north  fide  of 
Everfden  wood,  Cambridgefhire,  from  whom  we  received  frefh 
wild  fpecimens  Aug.  10,1795.  This  very  rare  plant  has  been 
hitherto  mifunderftood.  The  true  E.  verrucofa  of  Linnseus  is 
a perfeifiy  diftincT  fpecies,  found  in  the  fouth  of  Europe,  with 
very  hairy  involucra  and  capfules.  His Jlricia^  though  fo  well 
deferibed  in  the  loth  edition  of  Nat.  was  afterwards  omitted 
by  Linnaeus,  and  confounded  (as  his  herbarium  (hews)  with 
verrucofa.  The  fpecimen  there  preferved,  being  from  the  Le- 
vant, is  more  luxuriant  than  ours,  fo  that  the  fecond  divifions 
of  the  umbel  are  moftly  three  together.  The  fynonyms  of  the 
verrucofa  are  in  all  authors  fo  exceflively  confufed,  that  we  can 
anfwer  for  none  but  the  above.  Ray  feems  (which  is  feldom 
the  cafe  with  him)  to  have  begun  the  confufion,  by  taking  this 
Englilh  plant  for  the  Tithymalus  verrucofus  of  John  Bauhin,  a 
fpecies  with  a creeping  root. 

Ours  appears  to  be  annual,  having  a very  fmall  fibrous  root. 
Whole  herb  deftitute  of  hairinefs.  Stem  fimple,  eredt,  round, 
purpliih.  Leaves  lanceolate,  varying  in  breadth,  entire,  and 
fomewhat  contradfed,  towards  the  bafe,  ferrated  above.  Ge- 
neral involucra  ovate ; partial  heart-fhaped  *,  all  ferrated. 
Petals  round,  entire,  yellow.  Germen  clothed  with  tuberclesi 
which  as  the  fruit  ripens  become  prominent  prickles.  Styles 
permanent,  cloven,  united  half  their  length  Into  one. 


oJJ. 


\ 


< 


■ r 


-t 


V 


V' 

I- 


■*; 


‘V. 


N 


-t'/ha  A I 0 r V 


?/i^f  ari)  no  KoIyii:3rf  vl  j^iovtrira;  AVo'^lVy.  ,r;/.  ri3  .z.tQ 

,,T  .'t  , 

' - * ' ‘ ^ i , 

*)f^^r:nrr  vhn^f;  .jllfr  ^,;.oT  .r/iiD/jj'i? 
I)i  //  bsvi'ftim  o.4ni'|rl^  fcov  • jf  vt; /•'':  J yiTfiiq 

. *obii  i^bnij  T)fb  no  iyylb'i  imLt^Jiyhib 
v:  .\'\  r\V.>\\^  . ^\  .\\\K\\  . /{!];•  ;;Loi / .X7^. 

-\6  •I*’;.!’  .V.4vvj  .'aVajI  j|r;  .'n't:  .Vt\  .3i^ 

.:■'  '■  .:0 


Ki;r\  iiourffob  }c  i i.vf  /;  ^ <:lTlT 

Tto‘t  fr^  efi'b'i'iiiYnb;:,  i>:.!;.^ 

la  a7ii  c'fjjfal  ari;  .^i?c  <af-vC:/-I  b>  eiTf.q 'cfA-nc/ 

I't  ?;v  iiiw  rr-.-/}  ni  b .-rcfl  ri  nvi^m  jJ 

iJornol  fbaq*.ii>*:v;.5H  ,yn av):' r’.iij-//  ,.:-v;.-,i 

I .mtol  ajJoaannl.aliqiJ  i '^o  (sana  ‘::?qqu  ir.'j  jl  v.  2;.^ 

.’  arli  nGiu^f/i  rrd  frf/orM  Yi:ii.o 

viild  md-jl  “tfoioD  ni  e;>.‘7Ar  :od  g dji'Ar  zbuui  u ?- 

V/  <i:T!^Uj  ‘h'un^;}',  y-Kri  ' , .\\'olh^  Inn  (CrA'  Ti-r 

c.3_:^fiib  nj  'ortidiort  d)iw  i:yn  kihbiw'  1;  ,•  • 

1 fioffiiitoD  offj  dib  .<  - ('b.  W077ijl  ]••/!/>  'inlu^nK 

3fb^y|9  lol  : Tjv/uri,  / ■••]  -bfj  lo 

.ba7S  .i;?;:U  li.’hiosn!;:'’  ',’l!'':T^'rj:.'^  byc/ji  "'ha  hbaq  ■. , 
ei  .fe'-  bv,:  . V .;Ui  £;  bbi .w  .-M. 

Efl  r'T'.'itli  U'!i.-  ilfjl.q  Pil 

I ii  havivrr'  a /j  '>7/ 

/ jo  I' :nrt' 


,:r.i^  : j ..V  ^ oj  rq^- 

• S ??•;  '-I-- 


’ 4»vK).  ' 

Yjvbo''  yrr.n. 

. '.  'v  ' -<  .iCr!'7‘  tbd?  ' 


\ A . ■• 


'Cf  'b-u'^r^n-*'  /■ 


‘b:  ^ 


. '\ 


banUf  i /7r  W o; 


v'  ^■' 
b' 


'««.'  > \ 


USfl 


/ 


[ 334  ] 

V I C I A fativa. 

Common  Vetch* 


DIADELPHIA  Decandria. 

Gen.  Char.  Stigma  ivsinfvtrMy  bearded  on  the  lower 
fide. 

Spec.  Char.  Pods  feffile,  nearly  upright,  generally  in 
pairs.  Lower  leaves  blunt.  Stipulac  marked  with  a 
difcoloured  depreffion  on  the  under  fide. 

Syn.  Vicia  fativa.  Limi.  Sp,  PL  1037.  Hudf.  FL  An, 
318.  fFith,  Bot.  Arr,  776.  Relh.  Cant,  274.  Sihth, 
Ox.  224. 

Vicia.  Rail  Syn.  320. 

Th  I S is  a wild  fpecimen  of  the  common  Vicia  fativa^  fo 
called  becaufe  it  is  cultivated  as  an  early  fodder  for  cattle  in 
various  parts  of  Europe,  and  the  feeds  are  the  food  of  pigeons. 
It  varies  much  in  fize,  and  in  the  form  as  well  as  breadth  of  the 
leaves,  which  are  fometimes  inverfely  heart-fhaped,  fometimes 
(at  leaft  the  upper  ones)  of  an  elliptic-lanceolate  form.  It  is 
eafily  known  by  the  deprefTed  mark  on  the  ftipulae,  which  looks 
as  if  made  with  a hot  iron,  and  varies  in  colour  from  black  to 
brown,  and  even  yellow.  The  root  is  annual.  Stems  weak, 
procumbent  if  the  tendrils  meet  with  nothing  to  cling  to  for 
fupport,  angular  and  furrowed,  as  are  alfo  the  common  foot- 
ftalks  of  the  leaves.  Flowers  in  fhades  of  elegant  purple.  The 
pods  are  more  generally  horizontal  than  ere£l. 

Mr.  Hudfon’s  variety  ^ of  his  V.  lathyroides  is  generally 
agreed  to  be  a variety  of  the  fativa.  Its  pods  are  ereef,  black, 
cylindrical— the  flowers  deep  red.  We  have  received  it  from 
Weymouth  by  favour  of  Sir  Thomas  Cullum.  The  a of  V.  /j- 
ihyroides  Hudf.  feems  to  be  the  more  common  variety  of  fa- 
tiva  mentioned  in  Withering  ; but  their  fynonyms  are  not  very 
eafily  to  be  afeertained. 


r- 


.BifiiWnoig : a u y t'D’a  a 


'#■ 


,;;i:‘tr.^a  ayikA  rt 


V^i  -.  ,.  /,•  .;>■■'  -A^  . . , ^ . 

IfiY  ano  j L^D.'^-jqmho  tBsvkv  2 to  ,^;f/,TiD  ./.aD 
, • .bokrrn.j  ;;{»«  ,*?D^ynI  ^ ^ 

,7hv/  mo-^nim^l  ^fobv^p%)  .«ahD  .oh'i^. 

I ^^v\\\  .^-01  ,X%  .*uVv\  . J>)i37OTo{5  a9i(f?)j;Q  .>5y?4' 
£ .\T^SirO  .4*^  .TvW  ;\q1\  .£4^  .:\K  • 

■'''■  ■■'  v '4/  ^4  ■■  ■ , 4 ^ >s.O  A\h'{?j 

>.  •.  ;V/t  \\  ^ .oo^v  .nA  mVV  .mmoffk  fi'>cnmO 

..•>  ”.  «'  ‘ ».■....  — ^ ...■■..  -A  • 


n^  -rf  ni  7q  rrrjfnmco  f^otn  .r^^iJf"io  U »^'0 

t -As-il^  10*^  okje;iTcm-7  .d:.?a 

mdiiW  hna  . 

E’l^  rinEut)  dtiM  j:  Jl  .tlsiD  mc/foiO 
u%ni\‘iJi  lo  a3fwmfr>q^^  .^o’  m>ic3^o/i 

^ -aiimkiS  Offhmob  7»/bo.7d  :jiiTti^V".»yq  fbuk  7'>rf  ' 

I!  1 .inoV  10  /iljrqba  >^guot  hnn  .diycrl 

j ba/lDtaJ  10  a ni  ^abiinirtfisl  ,ykoi 

5-.;^ninsdi  Ik  v’lr^woOoy^^^  'io  ^rnflrlrtpo  ,bhm' 

vol  pifT  -bidlrngniflib  Ylftet  ijpfj  '(sm  it  rbidw  yd  ,^tLV,' 

httt  p|pfr,iK<i  piij  “io  ; 

TTlvoft  ?f{t  5po  gtttgniill  ' .JjxriJpqofiioP 

noR  Tidm  I'o^pjoi  ^ps’iiij  y.^i6D'jfio£;3[  .gjnofriJBlfJ  gnbP  ' 

,l':ri>v^  pj^to  hns  ,biJ>inion  ilaJ^q  di^d  lUrjIir 

^ ' ^ijuA  Qii  :>twi  UiQ.rl 

> K<’ 


• A^  -V  ' ..V  ■ ' 


-74  ■ 

ir:' 


;■  . 
V . 


C 335  3 


DACTYLIS  glomerata. 

Rough  Cock'' s-foot  Grafs* 


TRIANDRIA  Digynia. 

Gen.  Char.  Cah  of  2 valves,  comprefTed  ; one  valve 
larger,  and  carinated. 

Spec.  Char.  Panicle  crowded,  leaning  one  way. 

Syn.  Da61ylis  glomerata.  Linn.  Sp.  PL  105.  Hndf  FI. 
An.  43.  JVith.  Bot.  Arr.  94.  ReJh.  Cant.  39. 
Siith.  Ox.  43. 

Gramen  afperum.  Rail  Syn.  400. 


O N E of  the  moft  common  of  all  grafles,  in  pallures,  hedges, 
thickets,  &c.  remarkable  for  thriving  under  the  fhade  and 
drippings  of  trees,  and  thence  fometimes  (as  Dr.  Withering 
mentions)  called  Orchard  Grafs.  It  is  a harfli  coarfe  grafs, 
not  eaten  by  cows  (according  to  the  experiments  of  Linnseus), 
nor  much  preferred  by  other  domeftic  animals. 

Root  ftrong  and  perennial.  Leaves  dark  green,  carinated, 
harfh  and  rough.  Stipula  bifid,  or  torn.  Stems  two  feet  high, 
rough,  leafy,  terminating  in  a fort  of  pyramidal  branched  pa- 
nicle, confining  of  feveral  thick  tufts  of  flowers  all  leaning  one 
way,  by  which  it  may  be  readily  diftinguiflied.  The  lower  / 
branches  of  the  panicle  are  much  divaricated,  and  fometimes 
compound.  Anthers  reddilh,  hanging  out  of  the  flower  on 
long  filaments.  Each  calyx  contains  three,  four,  or  more  florets, 
with  both  petals  pointed,  and  one  fhortly  awned.  It  flowers 
from  June  to  Auguft. 


I 


I 


! 


/ 


■V 


/ 


A ■ 


1 


I 


i»| 


' - m 

t' 

, 5 , 


It 


i- 


) 


( 

f 


\ 


V 


" 7 h i ' ^ \ 

w . 

yxvy:^'') 


?i, . I ..)\  %i V , \\\\K  .')\v,‘^  ,-\  \)  . n ( . / : .\ . ) . ;;  /. h j .'A'.  ''  > 

*'  ^ .!  liriv;  'i  •‘\Vu  ..‘.  ;':  '(T 

dl^/  J>oh.nr:  rr?.,  v:  .;:ahO 

oan/^do  ^^nn-K;!-l -K‘l  ; J Jviu,  .r.!;!>nr| 

X\  .\\\\^\  i An  .\nAA  x^hvy:\\:  i vx  :•[. ) 
nwviA  />VA\  .'^10' I . - oU  ’ •\  A\  7(>f 

»\  .£  .•;■  A\V\'iX)  . 1 . . O /\v\\y,  • ‘ 

I ni  lidiyi'i  ri  I^O.rTT/t  qO 

W iiii-on  .if.yfi;>;,''o(i  lofri/.doiy  fi  joot  odl’ 

[^■hfjj;  vriv' A ,,rjuoj  -Kfj'or.-n-r.'Ti  c\  bni.  ,r  '.  v 

n#jiflt>b  lud,  rdjiW'-I  r .Vi.) 

3f{i  e/;.  >|fK»{  JU;  Ay^iUr  u /;i  7tl  rn/ci;  1 An-f  ■ ; r r 

nut  trt  ! rirj  lA 

10  i>Hj  f t^7/oI  3(h  ^ ov  hik  v' I'vcifMb  ^'^' 

( 'iuo\  ^-n:;  A-  ?woj  y A.''  T::>.f;  r ^ r.,,:  - j 

olarli  h««  ,f>^  A;  jnov;o[{  :>dj  i!  nn,  fv, jA.i'j 

: odr  kA  frxf{70J^b  uofilA^  , ^^ 'Atjrrtnij' ’» 

tfff  ilom  odj-bfsf- e')io'(A  ifj  p.f;)  !bi/r,7,(  , 7-'-'  Vt\"  ‘ v^I 
>rf  fji  eun:}r^  aJdf  (b  .v'i.^dj;  ^vt,^  . ‘r-ih  Af;,;r  n-vi  niA; 

» b'jJwi  or^ui.  'Wi  :KiJ  :yr  :-mfK>  U ■?  ^ 

imsiVij^  od)  }o  A\n4  tKt  ^nin:i  rinxAi  u L'mlvir-  1 
volby  to  irjv  ^(iVJlm^y.  vX//.  yd'A  .,':  ^;p(.  .-,;k  1 ' 

^onsfmsO  .pjfoinoc;  -uAuax::  ffrrjviii  .nuri  ^'ii}f:>:y  , v.  y.'J  ' ' 
i x/ii  djtvy  bifWJTJ  hm:  vlh.iAti  ^ .-a.rr  . .'  ..  V , 

q d>d>bdi.K  nibofdbd/?bi;'^:i;’^  dforffL:/-  i.  i AbA-nT  .-.c-tj;:! 

03  ;.urt^>g  ‘ fibril  vjlfnnuyi  v/^  d d'.  vl'fe  b!-.v  d 

1:  eA  or  2X'^fr  )A^r■  . ’ 

3q  hflfc;  ;;d  lt>  mf1u\  odlji  '•  on,  .*;  'c-^  A. 

srd  od})  I'jrrnxD  dir;,  loiip'n  ' -,7 

^rxrimr:  ydi  od  oi  i.i-H/ibb  :iy/ d :;:7tr.q.udi?'idAn  A £ -^ 
^Brfbi;  «TioJ  nM  hfiunl  ijijoinr  n!  rhol')  nowh’:^  ^d:  . A '" 
j <,^vcf  mtj ft  bill  nirhrw  bornxuAr.'rj  ;:d  ,'..'f:;.'i  if  ‘:;  ';n-:.*'  K-': 

,rr'fm3j;t  f>fri:_1n:>dinjs  '^d;  y^rniAor  :\AAr:oJ> 

?or'  ;:>d3'tr...  /i/’dndn  -.vd'tuT,^  . :..; 

0 f)3vrrd-'jvd  i;  io  eqj  :>dj  flu! , ' 'nvA’I  ■.'  A n ; ,7* ' «.  . .:«  { . 

itsrn  sirlT,  . ; 

;'"  ■'n:i;{>u‘>  Tjfliir}  < 

■ /.'  '-  ■ ' . ' V,,--.  ■ ‘ ' '■  n? 


[ 33<5  ] 

C H A R A vulgaris. 

Common  Chara. 


MONANDRIA  Monogynia, 

Gen.  Char.  Cal.  none.  Cor.  none.  Anthera  feflile.  Style 
none.  Berry  with  many  feeds. 

Spec.  Char.  Stem  and  leaves  rough,  ftrlated,  without 
prickles.  Leaves  and  leaflets  tapering,  channelled 
above,  not  jointed. 

Syn.  Chara  vulgaris.  Lhm.  Sp.  PL  1624.  Hudf.  FL  An, 
397.  With.  Bot.  Arr.  1015.  lielh.  Cant.  345. 
Sibth.  Ox.  I.  Gartn.  Sem.  v.  1.  t^  84. 

C.  vulgaris  foetida.  Rail  Syn.  132. 

Cl  O M M O N in  muddy  ftagnant  ditches,  flowering  in  July. 

The  root  is  prefumed  to  be  annual.  The  herb  floats  under 
water,  and  is  harth  to  the  touch,  foetid  ; very  brittle  and  gritty 
when  dry.  Stems  branched,  ftriated,  rough,  but  deftitute  of 
prickles.  Leaves  fix  or  eight  in  a whorl,  as  long  as  the  joints 
of  the  ftem,  and  of  the  fame  texture,  awl-fliaped,  narrow, 
pointed,  channelled  above  ; the  lower  ones  Ample  *,  the  others 
bearing  on  their  upper  fides  rows  of  erecSf  leaflets,  four  in  a 
clufter,  among  which  the  flowers  are  placed,  and  thefe  leaflets 
are  by  Linnaeus  and  Juffieu  defcribed  as  the  calyx.  The  ana- 
logy of  HippuriSi  to  which  (as  Dr.  Stokes  and  the  moft  intelli- 
gent fyftematic  writers  have  obferved)  this  genus  is  nearly 
allied,  makes  us  conceive  the  flower  to  be  really  a naked  one. 
The  anthera  is  folitary,  fitting  at  the  bafe  of  the  germen  (or 
fometimes  unaccompanied  by  any  germen),  red  or  yellowdfli, 
in  decay  cracking  into  feveral  angular  portions.  Germen  ovate, 
yellow  or  whitifh,  fpirally  flriated,  and  crowned  with  five  little 
leaves.  Fruit  with  a hard  fhell.  Seeds  imbeddedin  a reddifh  pulp. 

It  will  eafily  be  perceived  how'  naturally  this  genus  comes 
into  Monandria  AAonogyma  next  to  Hippuris.  As  it  flowers 
under  w'ater,  no  wonder  if  the  nature  of  its  anthera  and  pollen 
be  obfcure  ; but  we  cannot  w'ith  Gsertner  (fee  his  preface,  p. 
33.)  doubt  the  partw'e  have  defcribed  to  be  the  anthera. 

It  is  the  opinion  of  our  ingenious  friend  Mr.  Correa,  that  the 
impregnation  may  be  performed  within  the  ftem  by  a clan- 
deltine  communication  between  the  anthera  and  germen,  and 
alfo  that  the  five  leaves  w'hich  crown  the  germen  are  not  (as 
has  been  fuppofed)  the  ftigma,  but  the  tips  of  a five-leaved  calyx 
that  part  in  a fpiral  manner.  This  merits  a 


clofely  enfoldin 
farther  enquiry 


l/S>6  TtU/rj/tri  Ou 


' '.•■;■■■;  V;i\  k 'v,.;V.,' , 


'f  .'.  . '/  r .\  i\’(\  V.  'i.  ? \ i 


-U'V 


/ i '*  > . H • J 


;*■  p I,;! 


V-'-  ' .,-i,  ■'■  ■•  •' 


i.: 


' ».u 

■'  -•  ' '. 

v-v;:!.,  • 


^£i  r.4: ‘ ^ ’.-Vi 


■'  ' '■;  . ' ^ • ' •.  ■■■:: 

■ . ^ , ; -.‘^  , , 

-**  '■  , /'V  . '•! 

rr.!  :lu:(.  ,.  ■> 

v 

X ,b 

Irdi 

- ‘ i-  '/'^i  ' h\.- 

•f:  1 : . :•  [ 

- .IvH  - .p 

r • _ - • ■ 

'•  ■ ■'■  - - 

rrflibblUX  k ^ 

Ivfji-  ,J-' 

1 <r.‘  V '.■'.'=  •;! 

'on  .f3'if^»;\  .t  ' ^-v-f  . '.^v  •■Ujy. 

' '■. •■  ■ ' ' . ' ■ :>  ’ ■? 


[ 337  ] 


S O R B U S aucuparla. 
Mountam  AJh^  or  ^icken  Tree^ 


ICOSANDRIA  Trigynia. 

Gen.  Char.  Cal.  in  5 fegments.  Petals  5*  Berry 
inferior^  with  3 feeds. 

Spec.  Char.  Leaves  pinnated,  fmooth  on  both  tides, 
Syn.  Sorbus  aucnparia.  Linn.  Sp.  PL  683.  Hudf. 
FI.  An.  215.  With.  Bot.  Arr.  513.  Relh.  Cant. 
190. 

S.  i}dveftris,  foliis  domefticae  fimilis.  Rail  Syn. 


Th  I S elegant  tree  grows  very  abundantly  in  mountainous 
(not  alpine)  woods,  efpecially  in  the  northern  counties,  and  is 
now  indeed  pretty  generally  difperfed  through  the  kingdom, 
having  been  fo  very  frequently  planted  about  houfes  for  orna- 
ment. The  flowers  appear  in  May,  and  the  berries  ripen  in 
September. 

It  Is  of  flow  growth ; the  wood  tough  and  clofe-gralned, 
not  very  hard  ; bark  fmooth,  greyifli.  Leaves  winged  •,  their 
leaflets  ferrated,  entire  at  the  bafe,  fmooth  above,  and  nearly 
fo  beneath,  except  a few  fine  fcattered  hairs,  and  their  under 
fide  is  alfo  glaucous.  The  flowers  are  white,  in  large  termi- 
nal corymbi.  Petals  very  concave.  Germen  hairy ; ftyles  3, 
fometimes  4,  the  feeds  anfwering  to  them  in  number.  Berries 
bright  red,  very  juicy,  acid  aftringent  and  bitter,  fcarcely  eat- 
able when  raw,  though  a not  unpleafant  jelly  is  prepared  from 
them  in  the  Highlands  with  fugar. 


[ ^ '1 

'A  I 


m 


k: 


* ; ' 

• ■ ..  IV  • • :•  ;v  • ■ 

^vv\-t.te- , ;V^X  • V ' V.  '■(  * • 

j,,.  r,,  . _ . 

, ' i " ‘ '''  ■ '.  ^ 

«v:Vaj;6  v'.\i>»-\vYvw\  .^Ar  j 

Hl/hmioi  .;\  fi.:4br  ■ ' ' jij  .U;  . 


!^:p>  -5-  .'•  .-^Vl'-  I ; Ir!:' 

: • ■•.;./.  -vj  .'5 A; 


.v<ii!4)^jiw.,Vnnrj(?0/'  yioh^^ 


.<^<!!»  ..V 


.^if  : i 


'JiH.  . -fftr.vjniti,  rjuiTisjon;'/ 

‘ ■ v-. .'  , , r . 


' 7'.*  ■ ' 

■j-  ■> 


. ,•  A ,/. 


^ . 
-.'  Mt  J 


f ’ ,-A 


i^2  1 


;r;«OT  i.'>iii;1.  j vi  “io  j j/. 


. k,  - ; ' • VVS/  i.'l  IX;  I ' J 

• .-.f.'  „■;  va  4V.  ,s..,t^,'f!  t-f'  ,'.:i;. 

J.I.  ,iiau,-7.'^  «|-'{f  «‘;;»a)  ‘n>-'w«j ,■.  t/o/! 


fYH/vi  truy/i 

•x-inorlT  lijii  ■»!  -Jn-i 


’yi':i!^  <( 


_ ■■  -A.'  ; ■*  ■-  I.!.-  « 

» ' -r;)  t»il\ 

'''  ' ' ■ ,r 


■ai;»7i  «•■  !i“  , ..';(>  .Qsaii,;,)  -.  ^ .,;,  a^'  _n'" 

a;.,:,*  .;.,:.^q  ,;.|5 

iu...v8a, 


fO  ^ mo  A A 
IJ  J.fie  ,h,.i^u;a  f,  -uti  arfj  Asrfw  aniS'h  -iD 


.tJfit.mjCiJi  ^U,.ru<  m ;A;.Wut  ^r:?A,>01 

"'"v^,^'’"'‘''-J  ^ "i'-l’.  .Ur.r’y.-rcn  ii/:« 

*yxr«ia'  icn  bail  .L-^ikir  y „;bo  '.irri.}  fccs  w 

■ ' ’■  yV:  .VV"  ■'/>  . 


-■.t^:;4!' 


iv;?'; 

Hi-x 


[ 338  ] 

ARTEMISIA  campeftrls. 

Field  Southernwood, 


SYNGENES  I A Polygamia-JuperJiua. 

Gen.  Char.  Receptacle  flightly  downy.  Seed-down 
none.  Cal.  imbricated,  the  fcales  roundifh  and 
clofed.  Flowers  of  the  radius  without  a corolla. 

Spec.  Char.  Leaves  in  many  linear  fegments.  Stems 
procumbent  before  flowering,  wand-like. 

Syn.  Artemifia  campeftris.  Linu.  Sp.  PL  1185: 
Hudf.  FI.  All.  357.  With.  Bot.  Arr.  889. 

Abrotanum  campeftre.  Rail  Syn.  190. 


TT  H E field  fouthernwood  has  hitherto  been  found  in  no 
part  of  England  but  about  Thetford,  where  it  was  difeovered 
in  Ray’s  time,  and  ftill  grows  by  the  fide  of  the  great  road 
about  a mile  from  that  town  in  the  way  to  Norwich,  and  alfo 
on  Icklingham  heath,  eight  miles  from  Bury,  from  whence  the 
wild  fpecimen  here  delineated  was  fent  by  Sir  Thomas  Cul- 
lum,  Bart. 

The  whole  herb  is  without  fmell,  and  flowers  in  Auguft. 

Root  perennial,  producing  the  firft  year  a number  of  long- 
ftalked  pinnated  and  deeply  divided  leaver,  fpreading  flat  on 
the  ground  in  the  form  of  a ftar  \ from  the  centre  of  which 
the  Item  comes  out  the  fummer  following,  proftrate  at  firft, 
but  rifing  when  the  flowers  appear,  branched,  and  clothed 
with  alternate,  more  felTile,  and  lefs  compound  leaves,  the  up- 
permoft  being  perfectly  fimple.  The  fegments  of  all  the  leaves 
are  linear,  more  or  lefs  clothed  with  clofe-prefled  filky  hairs 
beneath.  Branches  forming  long  fimple  racemes  01  fmall 
drooping  flowers  on  flender  foot-ftalks,  each  accompanied  by  a 
fmall  fimple  leaf.  The  receptacle,  as  Linnaeus  obferves,  in 
this  and  fome  other  fpecies,  is  naked,  and  not  downy. 


.3l:i 


, V ’ • ' 

VV'  , '■ 

I Mi.  1 --C 


: -.jiirnriRo  § U il  A^J 


{ 


V‘ 


nona-jm«i5‘<p  .ji/hD  ,y.3<l 

'-  ;,->:  ■ vj.'v  : t»  : •■  '■'■,  ■■  ■/  ■'iv'j':'^;  «'’■  ■ ■*  ' ' '' 


,'-'  fS 


if: 


^ , • --  - 

hrf:  hi  ,■  ■ . >i 

A :’;'  '•-■  f • . ■'  ■ /" 

J^nof  : • !,’  • ;'• 


mm  « /«'  :Msr|;« w • -m  u .g 

^ ^Jf^’  v^’try  ?*r?t  ^iriifMViiiv' 

il  nQ  A 

tu%nnhl  ^ 

yW  JkVi  ^K'"/  v/’i’S^fr.  W 

A."  ' " , , 

M"/'-' ; ■ 'A:  V' •■" ''■^■A:^  ""■■  ;’>v;,)A;.'A:  •'■>■:.. a;;  ■ MhiJi 


^ ' - : , ,r  '..vv,  •■  r . ,. 


[ 339  ] 


ASPARAGUS  officinalis. 

Common  Afparagus. 


H EX.  A N D R I A Monogyma, 

Gen.  Char.  Cor.  in  6 fegments,  eredl,  inferior.  Berry 
of  3 cells,  with  i feeds  in  each. 

Spec.  Char.  Stem  herbaceous,  generally  ere  cl,  round. 
Leaves  briftle-fhaped,  flexible.  Spines  none. 
Stipulae  folitary. 

Syn.  Afparagus  officinalis.  Linn.  Sp.  PL  448.  HudJ, 
FI,  An,  145.  TFith.  Bot.  Arr,  352. 

Afparagus.  Ran  Syn.  267. 


F^EW  perfons  would  fuppofe  the  diminutive  herb  before 
us  to  be  the  origin  of  our  luxuriant  garden  Afparagus,  com- 
monly called  Sparrow-grafs,  and  very  vulgarly  Grafs.  It  grows 
wild  in  maritime  places  in  the  fouth  of  England,  abundantly 
on  the  pebbly  beach  oppofite  the  ferry  going  from  Weymouth 
to  Portland  Ifland,  from  whence  we  received  it  by  favour  of 
A.  B.  Lambert,  Efq.  flowering  in  Auguft. 

Root  perennial,  creeping,  with  very  long  thick  Ample  fibres, 
as  in  moft  of  this  natural  order.  Stem  ereft,  occafionally  pro- 
cumbent, round,  fimple,  and  bearing  alternate  fcales  (or  ftipulse 
without  leaves  below,  in  the  upper  part  branching  in  a panicled 
alternate  manner.  Leaves  in  tufts,  very  narrow  and  briftly,  but 
flexible,  not  rigid  or  fpinous.  Stipulx  folitary,  membranous, 
triangular,  acute,  the  upper  ones  ovate  and  jagged.  We  have 
never  (as  Dr.  Stokes  alfo  remarks)  found  the  inner  flipulx  men- 
tioned by  Linnaeus.  Flowers  from  the  axillae  of  the  branches, 
on  capillary  fimple  {talks,  drooping.  Not  finding  their  inner 
fegments  reflexed,  as  the  generic  charafter  of  Linnaeus  re- 
quires, we  have  altered  that  character.  The  flowers  appear 
hermaphrodite,  though  in  fome  the  {lamina,  in  others  the 
piilillum,  are  occafionally  abortive.  Style  deeply  3-cleft. 
Berry  red,  fometimes  in  a poor  foil  perfedting  but  one  feed  in 
each  cell. 


e 


' >> 


1; : '-i ' l>  >■  ■ U'<-i^^  . 

' - ’>  •.  \ ^^'‘^  ' '\  ■,',  *40V»l  \;i,^'v> 


/vl 


, ,.  !^«v.v.\a7'  ' ' ' '"■. 

^''  ' ' ' y 'WX&i' : ■' . '^  . ^ . . - 

' .?0'' 

-, ' ,.,  . 'r-%nfi3p> 

/ ■.  >,  V ^ ^ V ■ ■ '^''^*  ' ''  l'  ■ • ■ • ,.  ' J • 

ihfn^  ' - 

n ' ,vk> :(.>!)  o^^irual) 

^ >\-vWv, 

'/VV/Hr  v’.V 


=.  ■'>■ 


vO>.;.,  ,-y^- 

.tratUx^U’hf  tnriiiTir  > '. 

■ -■  ■■•' - ■'■'"'■■ '■ .-. -V ... 

' ^ *'  V ' '■  '■  '''  5 

fjtcM’  '/d\  iJfjfhmoi 

.:'^:;i*'< ' ’■.4iv«(ai  »?i  ii  , • >#*4? 

T^ns  *ir;-)4«i ’'fcw;-, < ■ ’ 

• ^ ^ wo(i , '>i1i  f.  nr  ■ . f»/- ; 

f^i':i]«  <knfS  .ftf'-''  ‘'  -'i 

b ^ ie8;injW|  .bBfcwii  # 

:x' . ..:.u 

fS  ol  llv 

)T(?’V  ffTO/i  ; •'!<)  \iO  ';l 

^ninnO'  nnaT 

fd : %.  \^iUi:Hi^^id 

► ]6iti  'f/j  lx  ■ •.iilj^f  tj^lM  f»5 

)7w;jjri  »■{  io  bn's ihistr.  ai 

■'  ■ .7' 

^ 

■ '.  ,'; , ‘■'■'.'a,'  I 


[ 340  ] 

B R I Z A media. 

Common  ^akbig-Grafs^  or  Cow-^akes» 


TRIANDRIA  Digynia, 

Gen.  Char.  Cal.  of  2 valves,  with  many  flowers ; 
the  little  fpikc  two-ranked,  its  valves  heart-fhaped, 
obtufe,  the  innermoft  fmaller. 

Spec.  Char.  Little  fpikes  ovate.  Calyx  fhorter 
than  the  florets,  which  are  about  7 in  number. 

Syn.  Briza  media.  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  103.  Hudf.  FL 
Atu  38.  JVith.  Bot,  Arr.  92.  ReJh.  Cant.  38. 
Sibth.  Ov.  43.  Mart.  FI.  Ruji.  t.  39.  Dickf.H. 
Sicc.fafc.  5.  2. 

Gramen  tremulum.  Raii  Syn.  412. 


V E R Y common  in  paftures,  where,  as  Profeflbr  Martyn 
obferves,  it  is  made  into  hay  with  other  graffes,  but  never  cul- 
tivated alone  for  any  particular  purpofe.  The  roots  are  per- 
ennial, and  the  flowers  appear  in  May. 

Root  fibrous.  Straw  upright,  from  6 to  18  inches,  moft 
commonly  about  a foot,  in  height,  round,  very  fmooth,  with 
one  or  two  joints  near  the  bottom.  Leaves  moftly  at  the  root, 
with  one  from  each  joint  of  the  fl;em  as  ufual  in  grafles,  the 
fheaths  of  which  laft  are  very  long,  the  ftipules  very  fhort, 
blunt,  and  entire.  Branches  of  the  panicle  purplifii,  fpread- 
ing,  the  lowermoft  in  pairs,  the  others  alternate,  all  fo  ex- 
tremely flender,  and  more  or  lefs  zigzag,  that  the  fpikes, 
which  hang  drooping  from  their  extremities,  tremble  at  the 
lead  breath  of  air  or  other  caufe  of  agitation  j from  which 
circumftance,  as  well  as  their  elegant  form  and  Ihining  brown 
colour,  they  excite  the  admiration  of  the  mod  incurious.  The 
calyx  is  generally  of  a darker  colour  than  the  floral  valves,  but 
like  them  in  fliape ; the  florets  are  about  7,  in  two  ranks,  ib 
that  the  fpike  is  much  comprefled,  and  of  a broad  ovate  figure. 


t ; I ' 
.«uV;h?q  ui'  H O j S' 


; ’ ^ k.\'-'..v  . on'SYR'o 

..  'rfyidw  O'-  .iib-ioditj  -ir-  f^;'!- i.D  iijurn-i  .yli-n”'"!  . 

'<■  .t>;>bl''.>cl.'ni'*j'!6  ii)3s!  'jtii 

4riiq^4l  ' .hahD 

fmoH')d  ; v/oI;>ii'  V HiunM:yc  ; y.  oc??,  Hi.  ('nA 

-iofirt-noifr  Iio  dmid^^  VT'^v'^o-q  Hir// 


.t'  .V  *4*1 
t / V>K  A 


w:^i. 


b-. 

. ‘ox'-'i.j: 

* : i|i  4>;oq 

.V.78 

. ■• -r'' 

‘-r  -. 

'i'  4X:-  . i 

.■:j.A>.;v 

' • ■ ■ >•■■  .!»■  ■•■r -. * i .j 

i‘j  •r'^n^ir’ifbYn')*  P'!  3'  ' 

r.  ^ y‘!~\ 

■ \ , ,.  r.'  ■ %fVF  ' ^ ■ 


'lO’i 


.0^  y 


'■’  ‘Jii.:  :•  '.i/rO 


■ 

' 30f!  ,^Tfl^f[-5r<rfy  !>u>rsf-^Uii  n-.y-'...  • ctn^  )»j;  v,,;.')  itf4\<yr*  ^ 

iili.v-'i5  >11  W . ~» ■' ;it'1  j 

. * ■ ^ _ r:  M.tUvt 

u'MiSii  ^.,-; . 'i  y v '■■*,.  Tl  ■ 1^1  '...hn  r 


’^7177 


. j 1 


i 

^ k7>;Hw 

>Uil\ 


r. 


-1?^’ 


, ,Vt.  <^'^^;-,'fc'  v'. 'vf 


> 1; 


I : •.-.  . ' ■ s,  . - Tn-. 

a:«i^  y4u/>^y  rr?w 4,,  i 

y ifj-  ..  » '^f  . . 


1. 


.y 


^ f ’vr-.'  r:  i^'yyvubt.b  Ixn-  ,,).-■:  i]  _ ;L7mif 

Ig.^  ;.  ’*7%#  J 4'  t »-■  '.'■>.  *.  »fi--  ah  .V 


^ M.',.,.^{,):.;>  ■••yd.  ,,.  ^ , Y.J  ,.'Ji;U  >,.■(  t.vJ'j'ima 

—*»•'.  V“‘-  '.••'■'•«'.*t\  ..I  ^ '-.i  'fc:aifli«ig;ifn.1)  Vikiiniii-. 

,--jrW»  ,l'B<tsrll'.Ji/:;',-,  :Ji»b  i ihHiAi  .ji,  t;-  r"‘n->/{j(> 

iBIIwoi5r-,iJv;  -Wbif^inioTS  jJ}|h  il.  ’i 


iri  .'.LiOuCi 


ft,.;  .......  . ...[j 

- — _ . -..jCl 

:5j!i>anH  ^oti  ?r.  ” 

fV:(’ 


E-^. 


» • . A^- 

pi?' 


r 


, .!ii,  : ,*■ 


[ 34'  ] 

LICHEN  perlatus. 

Pearly  Lichen. 


CRYPTOGAMIA  Alga, 

Gen.  Char.  Male,  fcattered  warts. 

Female,  finooth  fliields  or  tubercles,  in  which 
the  feeds  are  imbedded. 

Spec.  Char.  Leafy,  creeping,  lobed ; grey  and 
fmooth  above  ; black  and  hairy  below ; bordered 
with  powdery  tubercles.  Shields  on  fliort  foot- 
fialks,  olive-coloured,  concave,  with  a crenate 
powdery  indexed  margin. 

Syn.  Lichen  perlatus.  Linn.  Syjl.  Nat.  ed.  12.  v.  2. 
712.  Hudf.  FI.  An.  543.  JVith.  Bot.  Art\  v.  3. 
205.  JRelh.  Cant.  434.  Sihth.  Ox.  330.  SmitF s 

Tour,  V.  I.  225.  260. 

Lichenoides  glaucum  perlatum,  fubtus  nigrum  et 
cirrofum.  Dill.  Mufc.  147.  ^ 20./.  39. 

Ta  — — 

X OUND  on  the  trunks  of  trees,  old  park  pales,  See.  very 
frequently,  but  it  is  one  of  the  moft  rare  of  all  Lichens  in 
fruftification.  Our  fpecimen  in  that  date  was  gathered  in 
Cardiganthire  laft  fummer,  and  is  the  only  Britifli  one  we  ever 
faw. 

The  fronds  fpread  into  patches  about  as  broad  as  the  hand,  not 
very  firmly  attached  in  any  part,  and  the  margin  is  quite  loofe 
and  generally  eredf.  Their  upper  furface  is  of  a greyifii 
white,  greenifli  when  very  much  moiftened,  fmooth,  though  a 
little  pitted  ; fometimes  indeed  it  becomes  fprinkled  with 
mealy  cracks  and  tubercles  intermixed  with  fhort  black  hairs.. 
The  under  fide  is  very  black,  partly  fmooth  and  Ihining,  partly 
clothed  with  fhort  black  rigid  branched  or  forked  hairs,  which 
fometimes  projedf  beyond  the  margin  like  a fringe  ; at  other 
times  the  margin  is  fmooth,  and  chefnut-coloured,  beneath. 
The  more  elevated  parts  of  the  frond,  elpecially  in  the  centre  of 
each  patch,  are  bordered  with  roundifii  grey  mealy  tubercles, 
compared  by  Dillenius  to  pearls,  by  which  this  fpecies  is 
efientially  diftinguifhed  from  L.  faxatilis,  glaua^s^  and  fome 
others  near  it.  Shields  a little  elevated,  cup-lhaped,  con- 
cave ; their  difk  of  a greenifh  olive  when  wet,  browner  when 
dry ; their  margin  indexed,  grey,  powdery,  crenate  and 
lobed.  Dillenius  errs  in  deferibing  the  hairs  of  the  under 
furface  as  not  branched. 


.Xxn^Df/tDfriG'f^Vf!  H J Y'  if  a 


lit***— |«i*a^ 


!A'-- 


_ .-  • ■•k.\U;K,OOT'\  f sto 

^ J.;-,  . ;\r,vD-  ;«AH:j 


’ .hwr" 

erlj;'ift,  .AfK.’O'.  .Z 

. • ..V  - ‘ ^ •,  • 

: fviijA»nbrn'.a'!^vH  niuiniy 

'•  •:  ' /,  ;a 

.:  Jh);f:‘.  ^ /ail-  -i  ' 

Vqvte  n,„vun,  n.u’oa 

, •.^uj5''^Ct(T^  iT!fKi'iKji|  /<jffJcf'j(fi  ?t;»0^  .rri'di.^'L'h  ilh'U*' > /^'j 

- ■’’  ’M,  r.A  '.'  > ■ '■'.  ' ,,...V.  .•a-  ‘ 


.4  01  \uA 
-IT«3  'ortni^irjiurf 


^ hno 

■in  xnh 


/zTX 


y.H 


TiMMf 


'1  ■ '?  M .»a  JO  *u^ 

j ".wof,,^  M0'A  '.notTiLll ' 

<n^'^J(  i."%)*'‘ie3«i  bii.-i’fcovjtfjoi  j:mm;A-;;' 


■sit  .■ 

.■  .t..tin,.{,W'.'’?  ^ «i.sU|BT  .w.  , 

o vr,^-  '^!!'‘;'''''’*“«i*^^  ' ? 


[ 342  ] 

B R Y U M hygrometricum. 

ITellow  twifling  Bryum» 


CRYPTOGAMI A Mufci. 

Gen.  Char.  Capf.  with  a lid.  Veil  fmooth.  Flower- 
Jialk  from  a terminal  tubercle. 

hpEC.  Char.  Stem  none.  Capfule  drooping,  pear- 
fhaped.  Veil  oblique,  angular,  with  a flender 
beak.  Leaves  ovate,  colledled  together  at  their 
points. 

Syn.  Bryum  hygrometricum.  Hudf.  FI.  ud?!.  48 S. 

Mnium  hygrometricum.  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  1575.  fVith. 

Bot.  Arr.  v.  3.  86.  Relh.  Cant.  399. 

Funaria  hygrometrica,  Sihth.  Oor.  288. 

Bryum  aureum,  capitulis  reflexis  piriformibus,  calyp- 
tra  quadrangulari,  foliis  in  bulbi  formam  congeftis. 
Rail  Syn.  loi. 

B.  bulbiforme  aureum,  calyptra  quadrangulari,  cap- 
fulis  piriformibus  nutantibus.  Dill.  Mufc,  407.  /. 

S^‘f-75-  ________ 

■hi  XTREMELY  common  on  moift  garden  walks  and  ne- 
gle£led  flower-pots,  wafte  ground,  heaths,  &c.  producing  its 
capfules  in  the  fprlng  and  early  part  of  fummer  abundantly. 

Roots  long,  Ample,  downy.  Stem  none,  or  very  fhort, 
bearing  a few  broad,  ovate,  entire,  acute,  pellucid  leaves, 
fo  curved  in  and  colle61;ed  together  by  their  points  as  to 
form  a little  ball,  or  bulb  as  it  were,  according  to  Dillenius’s 
definition.  Stalk  long.  Ample,  upright,  yellow,  then  purple, 
its  fummit  incurved  and  bearing  a pear-fhaped  obliquely  pen- 
dent capfule,  which  is  green  when  unripe,  with  a yellowifli 
blunt  lid,  and  enfolded  in  a long,  flender,  fliarp-pointed  veil 
with  feveral  angles  (not  always  exactly  four),  the  lower  part 
of  which  becoming  ftretched  by  the  fwelling  capfule,  the 
point  is  bent  to  one  fide,  and  foon  afterwards  the  veil  falls 
to  the  ground.  The  capfule  turns  yellow  in  ripening  *,  brown 
and  rugofe  in  decay,  difcharging  great  plenty  of  an  impalpable 
pale- brown  powder,  which  is  the  feed. 

Linnaeus  in  his  Flora  Suecica  rightly  alTerts,  that  if  the  lower 
half  of  the  ftalk  be  moiftened,  the  capfule  turns  one  way,  and 
if  the  upper  half  (not  as  erroneoufly  tranflated  in  the  Bot.  Arr, 
the  heady  or  capfule)  receives  the  moifture,  it  turns  in  a con- 
trary diredlion. 


-4 


■AV,. 


• ■\ A ?.  a / V. 'V  V • 


io  i a: .;■'  ' V'  :w:  • 

.'-  ‘i  ‘j>'  ■ fO  ‘.r"'  ■,'  5U,,  - ■ 


. 1 

•'  '■  ^ ^ 

V 

.#V, 

;Vv  ; 

' ■’  ■ 

. Abl\. 

. V ■ ' - j' 

'<\  .’.V’\' 

■ ^ 

. ,’'.■;■>  I. ' 

. ■ -V*  ■ 

:’,j.  .-.^V(/.  r-;) 

%ir<:;  ' 

w.  V .. 

%r[  A 

y'f>-'  fjtn 

■■'■-■I.':;,';  = ' -/f');-*-"  V.'i  h'  ■ 

td)  yiltjddm'f-'  V;  ^ic.. 

^ ■.  ’ , , «■■  .v  ' • ;■ 

.•^iW  ,ilt -rj  > • . 'r;  - 

vuto  Mrn'gfc';  xa^”./  ’ ^•'■  > '.'•■? 

iAb  )q  ^hit  i. : ■'  ■>'  !■  ;•  ' '. 

' •*  ' ' .*  ■'  ' ' '^  ' W'»'  ■‘•^  ' • fim-  ‘ * 

i*dl  nij'i  .‘io  >njA  ..  J:;{>.,Sr!.l.  fs.?  r.:!^  i '!.-  :;.  . 

?’ ' - ■''  .^iiix.:  :;.,  trtfs  '■  : 

.f[i£W  . - :ji  ;ij‘v 1 ..J!i,'d  ^ h‘Jh.>vc:|i5b  -c  ,,  ..  ’ 

>TC?5l.:),d;^i.ui'«  }J  ' y«‘tr>r-r;ii'  ik'i/'v/  :rrAj  „::rjr>;''‘^‘  '•/'■  'ur.  ■'.-  ■ “ 

H ;;‘LJ.  I “y  : ' 

^ixrro’K^ '^tov  rr  ’*,■■• 


'.-Jjjilovti"* 

;tI'V  .f.>!:n  i 

ku  .. 

tj^Dr/bfiliy 

S ivU'l 

d3  /yOCl  C!,I, 

r:). 

M ■'  "> 

r,i  dstuApiii.'^l 

.!si';iStor5:h.vn 

Mr)'..'}  < 

%J  Xfl'-  'lU 

m:d} 

ixi'fd  \ .x^Vihmpp 

bil  ,rf/f  > 

Oi , 

•■'  '^Vl  ■ i 

!r*v^^»  i.'f 

, qjI  I'b  '':  * 

1 :jor,s:[-, 

- n-f 

. ;ry.'. 

IffflgU*  •’ 

'■  j:  ;V' 

■ ;■) , " ..b.J 

i: 

i'  ,:.v  ;-'yi(o7  »)7;y>:;^.  ^AMli  r 

hnlJ  k . 

‘K‘  10  k -ui  Hhw  '''.  ^ 

!?-:  .V:- 

'•yyAi  A\{ji 

cf 

^bidw 

Ii;J  xl;  mo^^' i 

!.tOt^'Vt3.3ir. 

;,;xviV  -< 

iO’y'(\s^ry.) 

JP  «?K  c'iOjiGV 

.•.nil 

•Vrt  test 

i 'fii 

•irr'rJcf 


[ 343  ] 

CROCUS  autumnalls. 

Saffron^  or  Autumnal  Crocus, 


T R I J N D R I A Mov.ogynia, 

Gen.  Char.  Cor,  in  6 divifious,  regular.  Stigmas 
convoluted. 

Spec.  Char.  Sheath  of  one  leaf,  radical.  Tube  of 
the  corolla  very  long.  Stigma  in  three  deep  linear 
divifious  hanging  out  of  the  flower. 

Syn.  Crocus  fativus  a.  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  50.  Hudf, 
FI.  An.  13.  I'Cith.  Bot.  Arr.  37.  Relh.  Cant. 
15.  JVooch.  Med.  Bot.  t.  176. 

C.  officinalis.  Mart.  FI.  Rujt.  /.  58. 

Crocus.  Rail  Sjn.  374.  Ger.  em.  151. 

Saffron  has  very  llttle  right,  as  ProfefTor  Martyn  ob- 
ferves,  to  a place  in  the  Britifli  Flora,  having  been  introduced 
from  the  fouth  of  Europe  for  culture  as  a medicinal  plant. 
We  fliould  fcarcely  indeed  have  followed  the  example  of  our 
predeceiTors  in  retaining  it,  were  it  not  for  the  authority  of 
the  Rev.  Mr.  Wood,  who  found  it  about  Halifax,  and  of  Mr. 
Whately,  who  obferved  it  near  Derby,  according  to  Dr.  Wi- 
thering. Our  fpecimen  came  from  Saffron  Walden,  the  only 
place  in  which  this  article  of  the  materia  medica  is  now  pro- 
duced for  fale  in  England.  See  a full  account  of  it  in  the 
Flora  Ruffiea  and  Medical  Botany. 

Root  a depreffed  bulb.  Leaves  all  radical,  invefled  with 
membranous  flieaths,  from  which  they  emerge  but  little  before 
the  flowers  fade ; they  are  linear,  dark  green  above,  v/ith  a 
white  longitudinal  furrow  *,  pale  beneath,  with  a very  promi- 
nent but  flattened  mid  rib  ; their  margins  flightly  revolute. 
Flowers  feffile  at  the  root,  though  with  fo  long  a cylindrical 
tube  as  to  feem  pedunculated  ; the  limb  in  6 elliptical,  con- 
cave, rich-purple,  regular  fegments.  Stamina  fhorter  than 
the  corolla,  eredf.  Style  about  equal  to  the  corolla, 
but  hanging  out  on  one  fide  between  2 of  its  fegments, 
being  deeply  cloven  into  three  deep-orange  linear  ffigmas 
(which  are  the  Saffron  itfelf),  their  edges  roiled  in,  their  fum- 
mits  notched. — It  flowers  in  Auguft  or  September.  A kind 
of  tap-root  frequently  grows  from  the  bulb,  which  is^  confi- 
dered  by  the  cultivators  as  a difeafe. 


m. 

^ , 

..3A. 

. 

- T-O'  ^ 

> o :f  ; » 

\ 

■'  o' 

1 ' ' I 

I ....  . , 


..vlliav  v.\:v  n- 

' " ...V  \ 

“ICrOcfn'r  '•  ' V,.-  io  ' y.iiO  . 

• ui  r.'ivW^  - if 

nirijj J’i  .'  / ^ -i  --h')'// 

.ii.  v ’ /i.fjll  ij  I r !.'.*'  ( C" 

■ :;vVv  'i\  n „#  ,D 

1 ‘v-  :y  . ^ ,V  • ^ , ' . 

i'-  '.  ■ ' .•v.V_’\.,{A  \ .;— r 

' ■ ■ ■ ' ^ ,Ar''  ‘ ' ' 

^\:vyA:..  • . ■•  ■ r:r-.  .0 

' *'if  ‘"/V  ' ' , ■ '■*  , ‘ , 


hn'^r  A 

t)  A}  -^]r. 

IT-'-  ’,  .A’.  Vo  ffOf’-rJ-jbA  hli  - • C.  I f't  1. 

jso>.o  ■•• 

;0  ' .)■' j/'."  f ..  tY  '-(i  |.  07-;: '*.'••«? 

■'//  Sc'H^i.rl 

‘ , . no;  . ; ,,w ,:  f ii- 

Itffi 

tlAdy  .:i 

. I..  '.;  C ; 7^>  CO  3X  i>5V  • • >) 

■ Bffb  n.7i? oT 

i >.rf 

•■:  ov  j-,>'i^‘.v;>il  oi'/V,  'd  A r.:?;  o 

>?■!!  n..  ^ib^fro;^u■«  ':5d  Of  t o-i:,}  o -i  :i  oJ  . ;.. 

i 'i  /?,  v'h.i  r v;'!-^n r iv 

*.;  ,:  'Ai  y'i  /AA  .1  ^^0  V/'.*!l4'.'  , 

?;ioi3rism •/fvJ'fi.Ii'i  i:^0:  /'.■■>  ‘.fojvi,.  , 

, tfi  tlH:;:  . :■  f :?i;  Jc 

■■yr  ■ .,  '■  ' ‘ ,. 

,r.//r£oi;trj&'Dd'rrf^  ''  >■'■'■  ■ ^:nl  fOO'':  . >i.  . 

^ ';•  ^ io  v.-o;..!  jlo*?,- 

' ■•.'lo  •.  .\i  i r.  -'(»rorio^ 

u'i'il  64.1  Y'Vr.  \'iriV.:  ::o/,<Trir  j .'.. . ■ ■>  ■/;  *^.4 

' ';^!ti;i_?r  '!  ^;frr;£^0i&tb-.wbl64  '[•^f;,''-  O'c.-.  ./ 

'lo'  v..U'J3iiL;Av  oO  .(■Tyj'vro-:^  c .h  ‘'t.  iuo 

.o.  Vi!l 

' :>4i  j-o V'  oo';-: j’i  -'t 

,o.f<v!;,;4,t,^'„Vr:o-oM;4;,  Of.frv.'i'  ,»'nrjq1 

7vib-o  !>4r;{  r^.:-bj,.;r;\irk*  ft’  e-.ibi^fkv  ,1;'-;  f' 

' . . . o.o,.f,3lirQ  'io  trbcra *. 


[ 344  ] 

CROCUS  vernus. 
Spring  Crocus^ 


TRIANDRIA  Monogynia. 

Gen.  Char.  Cor,  in  6 divlfions^  regular.  Stigmas 
convoluted. 

Spec.  Char.  Sheath  of  one  leaf,  radical.  Tube  of 
the  corolla  very  long.  Stigma  in  three  fhort 
wedge-fhaped  lobes,  enclofed  within  the  flower. 

Syn.  Crocus  vernus.  Mart.  FL  Ruft.  /.  59. 

C.  fativus  p.  Lhm.  Sj).  PI.  50.  Hudf.  FL  An, 
13.  JFlth.  Bot.Arr.  38. 

C.  vernalis  caeruleus.  Deerlng  Nottingh.  60. 

HIS  wild  fpecimen  of  the  Spring,  or  Garden,  Crocus  was 
gathered  by  Mrs.  Sherbrooke  of  Arnold  near  Nottingham, 
March  i ^th  lafl,  in  the  fame  meadows  where  Dr.  Deering 
obferved  it  60  or  70  years  ago,  and  which  are  ftill  rendered 
quite  purple  by  thefe  flowers  every  fpring  \ fo  that  this  fpecies 
at  leail  appears  to  have  a better  right  to  be  reckoned  an  En- 
glifh  plant  than  many  others  univerfally  acknowledged,  as  the 
Rev.  Mr.  Wood,  F.  L.  S.  to  whom  we  are  indebted  for  the 
communication,  remarks.  Profeflbr  Martyn  mentions  having 
feen  it  at  Batterfea,  near  the  mill,  in  confiderable  quantity, 
above  40  years  ago. 

It  differs  from  the  Saffron  Crocus  in  having  broader  leaves, 
with  flatter  or  lefs  revolute  edges  *,  yet  that  difference  is  not 
fo  conflant  as  the  great  one  of  the  ftigmas,  which  in  the  plant 
before  us  are  comparatively  very  little  divided,  the  fegments 
w^edge-fhaped,  much  and  unequally  notched,  ere6f  (not  hanging 
out  of  the  flower),  of  a paler  colour,  and  quite  delfitute  of 
the  fmell  and  cordial  qualities  of  Saffron. — Their  times  of 
flowering  are  alfo  widely  different,  this  being  one  ohthe  earlieft 
fpring  plants,  as  every  body  knov's  by  the  numerous  purple, 
yellow,  and  white  varietii^s  growing  in  every  garden  ; the  other 
is  quite  an  autumnal  flower,  and  thefe  differences  are  perma- 
nent under  every  mode  of  culture  hitherto  tried. 


■V-'v 


\ I 


■'a' 


r4i 


1 

J 


[ ' If  0 

.ansoivriiil  VI  U 0 J d 


M'lix  1 " ^ .}-Z 


' .^.■V>v  YA\^V.  »;  ‘ .' 

.S  i:  w ,')!.  ’ /!  .n/  n'^:  sA  iO 

. VI -s  ..• 

e:>doi'.m!t  , :?%.;>  .»>  ’iv  .h  ioir'J  I - 

.f]i^/0>J  fil:,bf>77  /.vu ;];;•'  • •’■  ' .7’-''  - .l  -vl;!':^': 

-.t^r  .tOtv  .Vi  . ■;■  ■ ■•'  ‘'^  .'  ■'  I i/lY^ 

VT.O  A\^\Z  .0^4*  .’Vi  A .:-M.  ' r .'.;  ..  • 


, ^ _ ,■:  , .0,,, 

-■  ■ . . ^-  , • . .'V,  , .'  .<■  .‘A 


jj*boow- qrYisb  nr  ::o  ni7L-;>3-rS”r  O' 

sri?  Oi  ‘/lo!;j  ;gniY!  cjti^irq  ni  ,''un.  ^ >1  ..(S  ,...'  .r>t  nt  .'v.  7 > 

3 ■'■^  ;rr^JJ;'o  : S .,  ’ /■•)  , '.J 

•-^(xiu^  mo'd  h M-lniiv/  riontii  vniv  ;>  .v  ;.j..! , . ■ 

lo  tjiil  til  ,:.,;7'q  Si’/.:...-  . 'v  'v 

. 'islintj  7f{i  no  i •'  " A i !<■  d'>  ;v:.  '_  . . .>A 

bni  ^ '■  .^r  >...'  : '1::  ’ i •-'uii  v J 

ion  briK  ^^'ib  n.^'v’'  .'7/  <,  ,,  , . h,  S .!‘  ■ .. 

10  ^Tbihil  .)  : i ^ < :■  ■ ' ; .'j. , ’ ."5  ' •'I'ns.nn 

:o.r:;tt3mal  bn.;  ^tnisiq'tKO  An  ori  , . : , ■'■  :r  'S',/  .'•-(' 

■fiuiibd  ‘jfll  Oi  r'-  ;'Si:;.t:  "S  ' ■ 07:,;  ' ’-AS''  S’ 

iifioqqn  aidf  ■jiS.'.oiS  ^'.r.rSv.iS'''  ■,  ..  A i'nvA  la 

ij;jd3Kl  ^S(’!  rr,  'I'S/i.^  ^ lo-  '.no  ^n/p  iiooi. ■ .1;  • 'S/i 

ivMi  //  „.f;!fy>«i  ‘ yj  ;•/  7 ;■  .'/MJ  ^ f ./ip.ilo  xtoI'  : .v,  A ; ,. 

,ilsrfil  t'UinUt  *>(S  on  yfbb'Xi  Tw;!)  inpS'.'  ■ ■^.  o ,Si  ,tn';S7q 

' oJj  Ui  roSi  ■rr;o;£':S'AHu'  S t-i-boJK-'-f/--' '•Jo/o  «o  fron''  AlAJrj.  ..  ia 

0.107]  ^; ; u:  . ' ■ * ' Li fJ.iOJ.O  .lOf 

, ' 0^  ' . ' Y;ydb  bid  ndij  vV 

, ^ 'S'S  ’ S " 


Vy 


[ 345  ] 

LICHEN  nigrefcens. 
Blackijh^  or  Bat" s -wing  Lichen. 


CRYPrOGAMIA  Alga. 

Gen.  Char.  Male,  fcattered  warts.^ 

Female,  fmooth  fhields  or  tubercles,  in  which 
the  feeds  are  imbedded. 

Spec.  Char.  Leafy,  gelatinous,  membranous,  rugged 
and  blidered,  of  a dark  dull  green,  the  lobes 
rounded.  Shields  cluilercd,  reddith  brown. 

Syn.  Lichen  nigrefcens.  Hudf.  FL  An.  537.  JVith, 
Bot.  Arr.  V.  3,  198.  Relh.  Cant.  430.  Sibth.  Ox. 
328.  Dickf.  H.  Sicc.fafc.  1 1.  22. 

L.  vefpertilio.  L'lghtf.  FL  Sc.  840. 

Lichenoides  faxatile  membranaceum  gelatinofum  te- 
nue  nigrefcens.  Rail  Syn.  72. 

L.  gelatinofum  membranaceum,  tenue,  nigricans. 
Dill.  Mufc.  138.  t.  19./.  20. 


OT  unfrequent  on  the  trunks  of  trees  in  damp  woods, 
or  on  moifl:  rocks,  &c.  It  grows  in  patches  lying  clofe  to  the 
bark,  efpecially  the  outermoft  lobes  of  the  frond,  which  are 
rounded  and  entire,  appearing  very  much  wrinkled  from  nume- 
rous oblong  parallel  puftule-like  elevations  in  the  fubftance  of 
the  frond,  each  of  which  is  hollowed  out  on  the  under  lide. 
The  whole  plant  is  fmooth,  membranous,  tender  and  gelatinous, 
of  a dull  deep  green  when  wet,  blackifh  when  dry,  and  not 
unaptly  compared  by  Dillenius  to  a bat’s  wing.  Cluhers  of 
little  granules  arife  about  the  centre  of  the  plant,  and  fometimes 
all  over  it,  which  are  probably  gemma^  analogous  to  the  bulbs 
of  Dentaria  bulbifera,  Liiium  hulbifcrumi  &c.  and  this  appears 
to  be  the  moll  common  mode  of  propagation  in  this  Lichen  as 
well  as  fome  others.  The  fhields  are  rarely  found.  When 
prefent,  they  are  cluftered  about  the  middle  of  the  plant,  fmall, 
of  a reddilh  brown,  each  elevated  on  a little  protrufion  of  the 
frond,  and  with  a flight  entire  green  margin  originating  from 
it.  When  old  they  become  convex. 


‘A\A'^*\t)'  .-itn:;iii^pi  A ri  , :i  t r^  AxJ 

■ £ -.'  ’V'  r-:/  -^v  ' : ‘.-  ;K-“-  • •'3??^-' 

’-njv  .;tauD  .oas’^ 

- .Bfii!)  fifjiiB  .bn^  oilHid, ' .'.‘•I'i 

' .Vi  , /rJh^|fe.^,vra;ii»iolitiC*[  .K*d' 


.wV.,  .'fi  ‘ 

^ i . i,0  ’4-c^  - ’ 


■ \\\ilb  AWA.  . 1 A f A>' 

,.^1  '. 

*:.).  4'  ...  y;:,.  ; . , / ■/ 

U^vA.  .i;IldliDu^n£i  loni^i  libAOpiLl^  F.id  ^nmij  AT 

•.  j r ^ vit-. 


rf!,; 


y ' *'  ' ' • ' ■■"  -■'■ ' ' ■'  . ■ T 

Pf.  , .fit',  ' ./  ^ ' Vjl'-  V:.'.'  '-^^  * -■  ■ 

-WO  '"'>ri  t .m  rOhoo.f!  ^i^icft'.  ''f  JL 

wimV  *3  ^;,  tu  moil  -^o^ool 

wcnteri  ^mbi)  i>poat,  £ t?t  vlj-r!>i:.jli^ij'i‘f  f ,ii>rD%  oJ 

/rjllkcal\lk^>r!^^2^ri^  c'sv/f'V*  iiomifi  briic 

aloilw  yd:  lo  isvtft/.l3Jfi  ^ 'di  ^r,r,vob  jJ  ; 

''wBDM  - ' ’'lift'”,- * '•  ’ ' V*  ...  ■■'.■■  ''iP* 

- -v  ^ ■■H^  ■ ;,.«'  ■ % ■'  f.v.'iv  .?wn:)’’j 

ij  jfiodc  ,UAio!)Tt;f  :oo$l 

t.!jSAVh  % ^iJ:ti^O't 

U3»ib3O0  -<rrib^'4i  iffl).  «L>!v/i|  -£.  lb  JlKfnl  ’c/r^rpl'i 

^aaotflini/n  ^ oj  hh 

^%T/iyi  yj<{*{Li  ' .Tiini  -it- •»lu  3k  rili  ; b:;uT'Oi^ 

-brno^  Vifi  o’titm')  amaiod  siodv  irtoil 

•jfl)  iqyi'jiy  dnil  ohd-A'  ^Ib  tt>mfJ 


bni?  aJoojji  gniJO|  \no 


[ 34^  ] 

EPILOBIUM  paluftrc. 

JNarrow4eaved  Marjh  Willow-herb, 


0 CT A N D R I yl  Monogynla, 

Gen.  Char.  CaL  in  4 fegments.  Petals  Capfule 
oblong.  Seeds  feathered. 

Spec.  Char.  Leaves  oppofite,  lanceolate,  nearly  en- 
tire. Petals  notched  at  the  end.  Stem  ere6t. 

Syn.  Epilobium  paluftre.  Linn.  Sp.  PL  495.  Hudf. 
FI.  An.  163.  With.  Bot.Arr.  391.  Relh.  Cant. 
154.  Sihth.  Ox.  123.  Dickf.H.  Sicc.fajc.  2.  15. 
Lyfimachia  filiquofa  glabra  minor  anguftifolia.  Rail 
Syn,  3 1 ? • 


In  marfhy  moorlfli  land  not  unfrequent,  though  eafily  over- 
looked from  its  refemblance  to  E.  tetragonum^  from  which> 
however,  it  fufficiently  differs  in  having  a round  ftem,  narrow 
and  almoft  entire  leaves,  as  w^ell  as  in  being  generally  fmaller. 
It  flowers  in  July,  and  is  one  of  the  leaft  attradlive  of  the  whole 
genus. 

Root  perennial,  fibrous.  Stem  about  a foot  high,  ereci, 
round,  leafy,  flightly  downy,  as  are  alfo  the  young  leaves, 
flower-ftalks,  germen  and  calyx.  Leaves  oppofite,  nearly  feffile, 
linear-lanceolate,  obtufe,  entire  or  very  obfoletely  toothed. 
Flowers  eredf,  fmall,  of  a pale  purple,  the  petals  fo  notched 
as  to  be  often  inverfely  heart-fliaped.  Seeds  very  numerous, 
crowned  with  at  uft  of  long  flender  hair.  The  upper  leaves, 
from  whofe  bofoms  the  flowers  fpring,  are  alternate.  Some- 
times the  whole  herb  is  fmooth,  or  fcarcely  downy,  except  the 
very  young  ihoots  and  germens. 


f , • I 


;;>Trn!q  A V , 


^ ' tx 

. . 'r'i.V'.v.  V 


; ' . .-.K,:<.c  v.\  Afiy: 'i.'I .- 

;r;if.  Oft;  '!c  oi(-.(!r  f'l  'r"'  :■  ’A  ' ' ' '.’aA''! 


.z  ,'!.''  1 !;■;  ■ "a'9  A-  ''■  - ' ■ • ■ ' 

-fni^o-w  Koysoi;  i..  ' A'l  '■;r’i  ?bi: 


' .■iK.,';iI  ( - ’*t  r : •ii-  ■{/  ■ 


.ddj  ;-.  t 

' .♦r.V  . , ! .,  ' 

•,,.„  > ^ .u- 

' V ■ ■ ■■. . , ■ 

f/HK /?;.  .^^3 

.1:  r-  r:  .• 

:ii,  A i'-,  - 

i /■  a ' ' . 

' :m  ,-.  '■'  /0‘VT'^ 

' n ’ i ' ' * 

>1 ; ! K ft  ^ iij  1 14 1 i li.  ai ; . 

>nii|:  A ' 

p/k  4 

A • ■'  '■  '•  ^ ' ,; 

HO  .b'  ' J''‘-  ' ' 

j •^t:.nr:;c;r-  qi:- 

.{•■fk  tV:'?*'  ■;  1 

lo  x(k'v<,  '.;jk;oxs'irnftiT 

» 4::UO 

?'  ^ V 


■..c 


• ;■.  : v.;m  ■ 

.'i'..]  .Va'^ 

f • ' ''i  ' «. ! ' 

■u--^  t 


.■  '. : .J'li 


. 4 '.' ! j t; , 


r\l:  V 


/.vi  ,'p;;  i 

o.^  ki-jciu'  ’s  Au-^ 

ftp  ATtnh'vrncr,  "k 

v;yi  ,2'U'^  0*>iT)q  bna  tVj-i  ->*  5dl' 


'rj  ?p;r 


a//  ;,ali  a*jk 

• f ^ ' ■ ■ ' '5 I i jO 


‘ /V4i. 


t .. 
I.i 


ilf)  -In  ■ ; 


i'- 


.An  .y.C i A\'te  ,‘i  w 

' r'.',  . , • , ■ ' '. 


l.n;:  i.r/m 


:J>i- 


'i^<..~  : ' J'H  ■ ■ 


:•,  • li  ,^7  ■ ‘ .VH'  [ 


r:-;;';'r-  . V^C/ ' .rf;-'- s'^’.'"  i-'^<  ^-'i.'-  Icf 
f)77iJoirr  i?f:d  ir an;  : •;>  .'^  . 
’i  ji>  ^ ■ • ■ ' 


i ■r-w’oi*  7\7''^‘"; '.  ..n/'.  1 


1/7^^  :r.7;'..bf7/vf7^ ■ 

iUoi:>^^nKh  vldi.^^nq  •.<:(/;  iui,!  i.^'j , . 

-'C  j’jtfe’i  !/r''’V  ■ •■'  fi  ■’  iiur'i  i ■■•  .'  - 

|f!'v:n...n'  a'j>7»  U. 

?!  rh»‘ii'.v  ’■(«:!  ‘JJ 

’,iu- ■■■(  .■i\j  ' - •'■''>  .y.iifi  a ' ‘ 


'U'V/ 
I/. 


V'f 


A 3i>iu>'.  i: 


!;a  ;■,.  O' V '"O '.  ' : ' ' -^v;  f-  i^ri  / .;--';^i; 


,^j{)  'K'=i 'i'v,> 


,r-7' 


:";  M r> 


i3o:t 


mr^ 


•i 


7J''  '•:''  V . 


t 348  ] 

OENANTHE  peucedanifolU. 

Sulphur-wort  Water-dropwort, 


PENTANDRIA  D'lgyma. 

Gen.  Char.  Florets  irregular:  tbofe  of  the  dilk 
feffile  and  barren.  Fruit  crowned  with  the  calyx. 
Spec.  Char.  Leaflets  all  linear.  General  involucrum 
none.  Knobs  of  the  root  feflile,  elliptical. 

Syn.  Oenanthe  peucedanifolia.  Pollich  Plant.  PaJat. 
•voL  I.  289.  t.  3.  Sihth,  Ox.  98. 


Sent  by  W.  Mathew,  Efq.  from  near  Bury,  and  by  the 
Rev.  Mr.  Abbot  from  the  neighbourhood  of  Bedford.  Profeflbr 
Sibthorp  alfo  found  it  in  feveral  places  about  Oxford,  as  men- 
tioned in  his  Flora.  No  other  Britifh  author  has  noticed  this 
fpecies,  probably  having  confounded  it  with  O.  ptmplnelloidesy 
which  is  rather  a maritime  plant,  whiiXt  peucedanifolia  grows  in 
frefh  inland  waters. 

The  root  of  this  confifts  of  thick  oval  or  elliptical  knobs, 
which  tafte  fomething  like  parfnep,  but  are  probably  dangerous 
food.  Stem  thicker  than  in  the  preceding,  as  well  as  taller  and 
more  eredf.  Radical  leaves  bipinnate  *,  ftem-leaves  fcarcely 
more  than  pinnate  ; leaflets  all  linear  and  acute,  by  which  it  is 
at  once  diflinguifhed  from  the  preceding,  as  well  as  by  the  want 
of  a general  involucrum,  of  v/hich  there  are  fcarcely  ever  any 
figns.  The  rays  of  the  general  umbel  are  alfo  fewer  and  much 
thicker  than  in  O.  pimpinelloidesy  and  the  calyx  is  more  ere61. 
The  flowers  appear  in  June,  and  are  often  reddilh,  the  marginal 
ones  frequently  female  only,  being  impregnated  by  thofe  of  the 
centre. 


v-’l 


yi?, 


>4  ■'. ' : y 


1 ■ 

' M . 


J >"?  < •;  ’■- r V'  • ' ■■  < , ^ ‘ ''  -'-'  ■■  • 
^ ■ '■ 

‘ ,iai^  V'-  : ' • . • 

) ;',^.Or,C  ; 

,■;.'  ■*  • .rw:r ''PF' ' '■■'■\'*  ■■‘‘  ' - ' ‘•- 

'•'.#«;'■■■ 


V Ts^ 


My' 


I,,,..-  ; .. 


- :.  ’ . ij;- .■ 


01  ^ 


I .* 


.:{•>  Of,,'  ‘ - vorvh-  ' 


' .;.k  \ r:  ',•,  • 


■'iy'/iiry 

V7;;-r 

■S-hA^: 

:^.7;■■k;  ^ ./o:' 

.-■/  F ' ;;f  . r.,  ' ,.  ■• 

■ ■ '■ 

;.  "\i:0  ..V,  ■* 

:■■■;.-:  'V  ,...  • 

, 

■ ' - .;  , ■ . ■/■  ■'  ■ 

»■ 

-,-v  Jkjwei: 

>yMh:h- 

'.r-li'l, ’.r. . ■■  ‘ 

'• 

!-?-|^p=v 
'.  . ..  :•' 


MW' 

,j., ....  .. 


..‘.iO,  ' '•  ■*'■.' 


<:j;- 


■'■'  ' -t  ■'  ' •** -Si/:,  f .'•■*•■  . O ■ '.  -.  ;> 


■r:  -oo 


u 


S£; 


>^'’  V ' ' [¥'  -X  ''  . ' ■ 

• ^'  .:  ..amm  , 


J 


.-■  I 


!s> 


[ 349  ] 

H I E R A C I U M fabaudum. 

Shrubby  Hawkweed. 


SYNGENESIA  Po^ygaviia-cequalis. 

Gen.  Char.  Recept.  naked.  Cal.  imbricated,  ovate. 
Seed-down  fimple,  feffile. 

Spec.  Char.  Stem  credl,  many-flowcrcd.  Leaves 
ovato-lanceolate,  dentated,  hairy  beneath,  half- 
embracing the  ftem  j the  lower  ones  elliptic- 
lanceolate. 

Syn.  Hieracium  fabaudum.  Linn.  Sp.  PL  1131. 
Hudf.  FI.  An.  345.  With.  Hot.  Arr.  849.  Relh, 
Cant.  298.  Sibth.  Ox.  241. 

H.  fruticofum  latifolium  hirfutum.  Rail  Syn.  167, 


F' R E QJJ  E N T in  coppices  and  groves,  efpecially  on  a gra- 
velly foil,  flowering  from  July  to  September. 

The  root  is  perennial.  Stem  ere£l:,  2 or  3 feet  high,  round, 
flrong  and  woody,  hairy  in  the  lower  part  more  efpecially,  leafy, 
panicled  more  or  lefs  at  the  top.  Leaves  alternate,  broad, 
acute,  very  diftindhly  dentated  (of  which  kind  of  margin  they 
afford  a good  example);  dark-green  and  almofl  fmooch  above; 
paler,  fomewhat  glaucous,  and  very  hairy  beneath  : the  lower 
ones  are  of  a lanceolate-elliptical  form,  and  elongated  at  their 
bafe ; the  greater  part  of  thofe  on  the  ftem  ovato-lanceolate, 
half-embracing  the  ftem  ; the  upper  ones  gradually  fmaller, 
and  the  floral  ones  entire.  Flower-ftalks  eredl,  downy,  form- 
ing a thin  corymbus,  which  is  liable  to  many  different  appear- 
ances, either  from  the  injuries  of  animals,  or  different  degrees 
of  luxuriance.  Flowers  ere£f,  open  in  the  forenoon  only. 
Calyx  downy  and  hairy.  Anthers  greenifh.  Stigma  fet  with 
blackifn  hairs.  Receptacle  cellular,  often  a little  hairy.  Herb 
milky.  In  ftiady  damp  places  the  whole  plant  is  fometimes 
fmooth,  but  always  rigid  and  firm  in  texture. 


■ ' ' X • m ■ J ■ : . ■. 

.oifi'^rnob  ' 8 U ' V /I 


V-  "'  , , ) ar 

-■  '■  . ... 

•A  (.\  Vv-T.  V.  1)  ..', 

:K'‘  .T*'  ■ 

viOh'>h?f  vvS'\1ii;‘ 

.^',h-i  .'..v'v; 

: , :"  , ^ ,.f, 

■y:“  ' 

..vfiwytjtitoipi,? 

:’  ‘/i 

vkit 

^ nt  t;  . :;:ij,  dy 

1 ' { * • ' • f ’* 

' V * 

. . "m'’ 

, ' ' ' » / ' 

/•vS:  ...| 

X.  .|ibi/h:S^^!^'} 

vnhd-  .viY^: 

'#'4: 

dC-\ 

• 

(V.; 


' ■ , 

. r'-;T/ 

-rli.;.//  >'1» 


I5  yirAw-  ■■•jTi  vij-;:-*!  -, 

in>v  VMtl’.'UJi.;  .-'.‘V  ; .m:  ,•  .'iT'  '-  ' 

4^»/if'l()UijOfrt;3it‘Jti-it,^ft',  > I,iil  :.  -r  .„s,,,.,  , .,  ;i  r.i..;  :'( 

ri;-  iff.v/fri.  ’ j ' 

■ iMIik!  , u;;l  ,rMl„  I'ir/ ....  ... 

4'irdL»»»  i-,  • ..„ 

'■>'  ' yi'f,:' '‘‘■'  * ’’  '■'  *'  '■'jJi  i£ 


11  An  tTr>/Vi jjA3' dfitiw  p vr; ■ ' • •■• '''' ' . . v fi'^v ■>  tv 7 

•'IJC*  n:?4w  ^Mm/)  Vr;  ■nt'l  'iV’:  jUjui4 

m hoii,^^^o  >V‘  . j¥1  ■ --re*)  ’ 


/<i5'r  Ovift  iiii,  cr*:; 

^X'v^  ^?T>Xqp  X h-r^tht::  <■'</' 

r»v;,.5l  ,:, TJitr  ; . yjirXiXn..^g  j|{>«  “I'-J 

' 4,i*nri  i;XVrW\  t’ 

!!!«■■■  Kl?V;"r ’^ ■©„%.■  ; ■ ^ ■.■•■■o'-'  .■  ■'. 

:f 


I- 


■ ■' "'  ''■..mV 


[ 35°  ] 

P Y R U S domeftica. 
Service  Tree, 


1C  OSANDRIA  Pcntagynia. 

Gen.  Char.  Cal,  5'cleft.  Petals  5.  Alpple  inferior, 
with  5 cells  and  feveral  feeds. 

Spec.  Char.  Leaves  pinnate : leaflets  equal,  downy 
beneath,  ferrated  towards  the  point.  Flowers  in 
panicles. 

Syn.  Sorbus  domeflica.  Linn.  Sp.  PL  684.  Hiidf.  FI, 
j4n,2i^,  JVith.  Bot.  Arr,  514.  Crantz.  Stirp. 
fafe.  A.  48.  tab,  1.  f. 

Sorbus.  Rail  Syn.  452. 


We  have  been  favoured  by  Lord  Vifeount  Valentla  u’ith 
frefh  wild  fpecimens  of  this  rare  Britifh  plant,  gathered  from 
a folitary  tree  in  the  middle  of  Wire  foreft,  near  Bewdley, 
Worcefterlhire,  the  fame  probably  that  was  obferved  by  Mr. 
Pitts  in  Ray’s  time.  It  is  faid  to  grow  alfo  in  the  mountainous 
parts  of  Cornwall  and  Stalfordllnre,  and  may  now  and  then  be 
met  w'ith  in  old  gardens,  having  been  formerly  cultivated  for 
the  fake  of  its  fruit,  which  is  like,  but  inferior  to,  a Medlar. 
It  flowers  in  May. 

The  tree  is  of  a middle  fize,  not  unlike  the  Mountain 
AIli,  of  very  flow  growth,  not  flowering  till  it  arrives  at 
a great  age,  and  the  wood  is  very  hard.  Leaves  alternate, 
compofed  of  about  7 or  9 pair  of  oppofite,  felTile,  ovate  or  ob- 
long leaflets,  with  an  odd  terminal  one  of  the  fame  fize  ; all 
entire  at  the  bafe,  ferrated  from  about  half  way  to  the  end, 
fmooth  above,  downy  beneath,  but  that  downinefs  goes  off  to- 
wards autumn.  Flowers  in  panicles,  cream-coloured.  Calyx 
very  woolly.  Petals  concave,  with  hairy  claws.  Stamina  nu- 
merous. Styles  always  5,  with  oblique  concave  ftigmas.  Fruit 
pear-Ihaped,  reddifh  and  fpotted,  extremely  auftere,  and  not 
eatable  till  it  is  quite  mellowed  by  frofl;  or  time,  when  it  be- 
comes brown  and  very  foft.  Cells  5,  with  one  feed  in  each. 

Every  botanical  principle  whatever  obliges  us  to  remove  this 
tree  from  the  genus  of  Sorbus,  as  Crantz  alfo  obferves,  who 
would  have  been  more  regarded  in  many  cafes  than  he  is,  if  he 
had  written  with  more  temper.  From  an  accurate  examination 
of  the  half-ripe  fruit,  we  have  found  it  a genuine  Pyrus,  hav- 
ing indeed  only  one  feed  in  each  bivalve  capfule  of  the  apple, 
but  that  is  not  peculiar  to  this  fpecies.  The  pinnated  leaves 
are  (as  to  habit)  a much  more  important  objedion. 


eti  H r n A ;i H joa 


V • .-  v^Vi\(\viKo;^  ci  ' ''  . 

'Ai>^?»  *.  .c  aon  .-ttO  J,.,,;!  >,'.^0  ' ^afD  '*^^0 

' \^  ■ »ii  l>3V>r>n'j  ^o‘vV| 


sl  \ ;'. 


..:\.y  .H,'*ij.;;(TS  . jI  .<5  > •'.  rS 

■•-toiv)  xVvA  •.'!«'t\  s'-.vVX  .f?:  .«Vv  .\^.  > • 

• ■ * . *■  .'1  ^ . ....  " 


ff  ;'  .. 
.1 


Iff  .^^cf t ,VvV,  v.u'A  . ‘.!j,:-l,.';||'. 


1 


>:bxl.feii  . t'ii’  J;; 


^Hf«TO 

5t4l*  ,4\ 

. 4;*^  C|Q';';  7)  ^ ^f'«:iLf>riu/?i.  ,?‘Cf 

, «lov^'Vi^p  >; Ayiii)  1 ./»*'  :;»>.l:j 

V \ 'ArA  Cl 

*.vmTin  -jor-fi  ’ ■ 

A;yi/&7  Hi; 

t * ' 1 \ M-.i-  ^ -.::i  ....  . ..  j.  ^ ^ , . "1  *%'-  i * . •■#^ ' * . . •,.»■•».  ■ • ' 


!.  j;yi/07  iii» 

,to:4Jb  i 6iv,:>a 

■•^  iu , 1 iu^>  4.- , ’• .;  ‘ L-  4 -^ir n Piif > » (“Ifc :,. ! 1/  i * ri>^?  fej fi  V n h n c 

..T.  -.J.  V T ’ . '•  t'.  ',.  _ ■ 'f  . * ■ > -i!- 


si 


'nfioAt  i .’^rij  y ^Ai).  mc/Krjrx 

vrrn  |;rfi>v:.4,  ibkw  'io  |8  <»;  ^ fhcKrl  ;;.  r.^V’  -rroi 

■f>^''i:  .noitH  ; 

'bifijri  » ilf  1>s!!><4  »;jrn^'ob  »si^^.^if<i‘''.^ijj- 

w it;^  iQtAnm  Hiy'm  h/tiiffA  su)  .• 

S?45  W e<JrNi5f^ 

V , .<  . •■•  ..  V9-  : / ■ 


I 351  3 

SCLERANTHUS  annuus. 

Annual  KnaweL 


D ECANDRIA  Digynia. 

Gen.  Chab.  CaL  of  one  leaf.  Cor.  none.  Seeds 
two,  enclofed  in  the  calyx. 

Spec.  Char.  Calyx  of  the  ripe  fruit  with  fharp  fpread- 
ing  teeth.  Stems  fpreading. 

Syn.  Scleranthus  annuus.  Linn.  Sp.  LI.  380.  Hudf. 
FL  An.  178.  With.  Bot.  Arr.  436.  Relh,  Cant. 
165.  Sihth.  Ox.  138. 

Knawel.  Rail  Syn.  139. 


Nothing  can  be  more  common  on  a fandy  foil  than 
Scleranthus  annuus^  cfpecially  in  fallow  fields.  It  is  an  annual, 
flowering  about  the  middle  of  fummer,  and  fowing  its  feeds 
very  abundantly  in  autumn,  which  produce  a crop  of  young 
plants  that  generally  furvive  the  winter,  or,  if  deftroyed,  are  re- 
placed by  another  crop  arifing  from  thofe  feeds  that  happen  not 
to  vegetate  till  fpring. 

Root  annual,  long,  not  much  branched.  Stems  very  nume- 
rous, fpreading  in  all  dire£lions,  the  outermolt  decumbent  at 
the  bafe  only,  not  proftrate  their  whole  length,  all  round,  a 
little  downy,  much  branched,  leafy,  pale,  fometimes  reddifh. 
Leaves  oppofite,  united  at  their  bafe  by  a dilated,  membranous 
and  downy  margin,  linear,  fomewhat  keeled,  acute,  fmooth,  of  a 
grafly  green,  not  glaucous  nor  filvery.  Flowers  of  the  fame 
colour,  felfile,  in  terminal  leafy  clufters.  Calyx  with  10  ribs, 
and  cloven  half  way  down  into  5 fharp  fpreading  teeth,  a little 
membranous  at  their  edges.  Stamina  fhorter  than  the  calyx, 
fometimes  10,  but  generally  from  5 to  8,  of  which  feveral  are 
fhort  and  imperfe^f.  Germen  fuperior,  ovate.  Styles  fpread- 
ing. Stigmas  downy.  Seed  enclofed  in  the  permanent  hard- 
ened calyx,  often  folitary  (as  feveral  writers  remark);  but  we 
have  found  two,  or  at  leafl  the  unripened  rudiments  of  two. 


. « 


.'i 


1 


f 


3 


>/• 


t 


: 't  3 

• .ft-nnxiyi  ^ ^ J H T / A H » A 


A'\u'rv:y 


.-v^  ,nVr\.  51Cl  */L  V,  ^ 
.:^non  , rj^a  ’)r.  ■ .’ 

■ .X'/jj/.  '.fD  ui  i -y- 


'*  ■ r 3 


•['  iilriMo  djr//  llvh  ^ >nt  lo  ' /i. -3 

, .'  ■ V .Mi:Pr:cr;.[  / I,-  , / 

A^-  .<5^.  .t-s^dA  I A .d  ,- 

^■■■^^^•'  '■  ,.vn  . , 

'[il*  V;\wA  .‘ynnoVA'^r  j-; iv  •■  •,  aA  i'.:'. [').  ';  ’ 

''  ' ,/  -^  ’ ■'-  ' ■ ' : .,  •■■  '.  I ^•  - A .0>  •■ 


vC 


■A'  ' ' ,'A  ■'■  .;  :''A  , ' 

-liidi  ;4"iv;.d  v>.TV  r.'^  ■?  - 

■ ro  .'/wa  'v  ir:rc  / 

/vAt  A.  ■/  ■.■ 

'Av  . . ,/  '[  ■.  ’ , 


■,r!|  eYorriuc,  luir’: 


. i/.ii:  a .:>., 


itr.'r  rl,  i d. 

y|\v\J:^  r > ' r 

Ai  A 

I iJi 

.^wlr.A:  --A  AA;}  v.'-V  - : -• 

f>«n' v(;AAtdf  ^ , .yUrr;  ■.;  ■ ;■; 

/in  tvr:  ;i- ;•  ol;' A/uk^  /‘i . 

.yA)A;  ^A  .I'i  vA-i-trJj  ,A:-.'  ; 

,b;.;  k ■,  ' . V 

/■■  s:i  nud't  iv;;.  ; A :,.  .A  ->  . 3 

ij«A  A*;  A A;-i ^ "..Aj 

yv/f  in  1’-.  !■•-}  ->djirj A A 

It*;  iiirr;>^!/;lfH'  iVDffaJ'l;!)  j'j  '*  . An;.- 

^ 'jjafa.  » ;;A:'> 

''Ituji/fj  .if-,.;, ; ,.,•  i 'j(  ' ..'' 

Q'kl  indb^Ti;  1 ' : ;r:/1q  ' :bAsy  ■ f!..aA'» 


A‘?/'  !/nr>  ;/^i;A  .vw  <j  i-flqonY^  fi'-y.:-;  A^  ; i>  AiArhii-'  i 


d*wi';,l  L:i:..:'L?fSfl!}  ou.y^dl  iAlJi 


tU  ~‘t'i,  I ,'ii 


k»- 


' r 


[ 352  ] 

SCLERANTHUS  perennis. 
Perennial  KnaweL 


DECANDRIA  Digynla. 

Gen.  Char.  CaJ,  of  one  leaf.  Cor.  none.  Seeds 
two,  enclofed  in  the  calyx. 

Spec.  Char.  Calyx  of  the  ripe  fruit  with  obtufe  in- 
curved teeth.  Stems  prodrate. 

Syn.  Scleranthus  perennis.  Linn.  Sp.  PL  580.  Hudf. 
FI.  An.  178.  With.  Bot.  Arr.  437. 

Knawcl  incanum  flore  majore^  perenne.  Rati  Syn. 
160.  t.  5./.  I. 


rr^ 

JL  his  is  much  more  rare  than  the  preceding,  having  hither- 
to been  obferved  only  in  Norfolk  and  Suffolk,  always  on  the 
dried  barren  Tandy  heaths.  We  received  it  from  the  neigh- 
bourhood of  Bury,  by  favour  of  W.  Mathew,  Efq.  flowering 
in  November,  for  it  is  later  in  that  refpedl  than  authors  men- 
tion. 

The  root  is  faid  to  be  perennial,  but  that  we  have  not  been  * 
able  to  verify.  Stems  perfedlly  proftrate  and  clofe  prefled  to 
the  ground,  downy  in  the  upper  part,  often  purplifli,  much 
branched,  efpecially  towards  their  extremities.  Leaves  glau- 
cous, “ covered  with  fliining  pellucid  tubercles,”  according  to 
Mr.  Mathew’s  remark,  and  fometimes  downy.  Segments  of 
the  calyx  with  a more  membranous  border  than  in  S.  a7iJiuuSy 
their  points  much  more  obtufe  and  curved  inward.  The  earlier 
flowers  in  the  end  of  fummer  are  of  a very  filvery  appearance, 
and  attradl  the  eye  at  a diftance.  Filaments  not  all  perfe6I. 
Calyx  in  the  flowering  date  cloven  rather  more  than  half  way 
down,  but  not  fo  when  the  germen  fwells,  externally  pubefcent. 
When  growing  old  the  whole  plant  becomes  of  a reddifli  bro\fm. 
Dillenius’s  figure  in  Ray’s  Synopfis  is  too  large  and  upright, 
and  fhews  nothing  that  could  ferve  to  difcriminate  fo  difficult 
a plant. 


JJZ. 


> 


^ - fv 

f,Cc 


eexj-ad/TiuH  ' '•  '*1 

-i  ' . ' ■ -^ 

.;'!.  ;■■■  --v.. 


3 ■!  J 


" hr  V 


rfit  Hrsfri^^h"- 


\. 


-■)  V’ 


'li- 


'•  yr.  vj 

• ■;  ' 


Muhdo.  %)?;■'  ; , 
j;r  .i;  hv  ; 

.d&  A .v-5^ 


> : i ) > t .' 


M 


- ; 


• ' ■'  •'*''■■  i . ; J'  _ -‘vV.  s\  ' A 

.>  -’A,  .. 

•Wid'  ' /V -'iil  ■ -.v!’-  - ..  ‘r/f*' . -iL;  -: 


to  \ . A . 
.^  -V.  -r-  - 


, :;*,A 

' 

• .ivd^rA"  - 

iisi 

*^0  0k)...A 

■ hA;/}r'^ 

}o  1;  O ; -i 

_hA’ ■ 

"Ah'/  bnj,  j r r :■ ''h^ 

'A'  ; ._■ 

AdA!  r. 

\o  lA 

N t 

A 'A  ■ f 1 ■ ■ 

dr 

■•'.  T; A:/Tr05T'5.i 
'•fr  ■ "ii . r ' t tjT.  r 

. ' . ’ ; r.  'f  3:;^^'  I 

’ ■/•■  •>!.  I ^ 

, . r*  h/'-.{  •'.  ...fc/ 

T'  ^ f , 


%' ,i  r.'j ,.^  • ,;v',  / ,■  • 

' -'njl  ijcjqu  ^v^'.r  ; lfr>  xr-  .'-K',^ 

.!:.'  'iqir>^  ^':,,f''. ',1;: A-  ■^■,  > , T.rvf.  ' ?■■*■••.  , ^ . 

•>'■^'5  n>''ih'S  ' •„'  •:  - ri  ■.  M', ..  /•  V r'-y  :.  '.i  ,.,,•  \ . 

'^.yni-rUki. :}  r ^^lU:  !.»■  '■  f,;-.. 

f r-  . ■/.>Ir.-,*vj}/.j7  t.y 'nArr. . ■•  ., 

■ li-  : '!i;  . oh  iry-'ti  '^Ai:  ■•W'ff:.  'i;-:  ;V*  vr-fh  • ( ) 

.:-V7n>f,'oi?rh;/'i.-  .;-v:^  pq,/  ivpi:,,u>  vn^:m 

};^U.  r'i.:.  hh;:  a,-!;  ..o  >j  . i^vmuWrq  • • '•  h 

.^:^h  ,;;t-  yW"  .rf-rh  lol 

w\uhA  m ;;hjt?d  oh;  'i:'  ,•  -v:  • ^ r.  u : ;,A  i-  hjry 

di-;  „/ ifjfflq- 54-  fh  r::)  hi;;  .V  ;.;  ” A .’.  iA-,PV'iV 

d:;^i'0h^A  A'>'!A'  -o  pr-  .V'  ■!}  -Lsh  r-?  v:-fr '■••'■.•:  A ■'  /,  d-.„.  «„•  .A  , . ^ 

^ ^ ' i :;?A;  P'^h-iA.A  ':  ■ q;  r^o  tw  ^A.b  Ah  . : ;-'v  ■ 't- 

= ^ ifc-r  ■ ' i. 4>^  i/p''3 , /'/;vcA  ..  ; 


/ 


L 353  ] 

I C H E N plumbeus. 

Lead-coloured fpongy  Lichen. 


OR  Y P T 0 G A M I A A 

Gen.  Char.  Male,  fcattered  warts. 

Female,  fmooth  fliielcls  or  tubercles,  in  which  the 
feeds  are  imbedded. 

Spec.  Char.  Imbricated.  Segments  lobed,  obtnfe, 
gre}dfh  ; clothed  underneath  with  very  thick, 
blueifh,  fpongy  down.  Shields  fmall,  flat,  nifty- 
coloured;  their  maro^ins  entire. 

Syn.  Lichen  plumbeus.  Light/.  Scot.  826.  i.  26. 
f.  2.  JVith.  Hot.  Arr.  v.  3.  187. 

L.  caorulefccns.  ILulf.  FI.  An.  531.  Dickf.  H.  Sicc. 
fafe.  10.  24. 

Lichenoides  tenuc  ct  molle,  Agarici  facie.  Bill. 
Mufe.  179.  /.  24.  /.  73. 


Brought  from  Cardlganfhlre  laft  fummer  by  Dr.  Smith. 
It  grows  on  trunks  of  trees,  in  the  mountainous  counties  of 
Great  Britain,  not  unfrequently. 

The  fronds  are  remarkably  thick  and  cork-like,  elevated 
from  the  bark  on  which  they  grow  by  a denfe  fpongy  coat  of 
blue  or  lead-coloured  down,  that  is  often  prominent  and  vifi- 
ble  beyond  the  margin  of  the  leaf,  w’hich  feems  to  be  forced 
up  by  it.  The  w^hole  plant  has  very  much  the  texture  of 
Boletus  wrficolcr^  as  Dillenius  well  obferved ; though,  nqt 
having  feen  it  recent,  his  defeription  and  figure  are  far  from 
excellent.  Mr.  Lightfoot’s  are  much  better.  The  upper  fur- 
face  is  fmooth,  but  not  fliining,  often  longitudinally  wrinkled. 
The  fliields  are  very  numerous,  fcattered  over  the  dilk  of  the 
frond,  and  often  cluftered  and  confluent,  of  a fmall  fize,  flat, 
reddifh-brown  or  rufly-coloured,  with  an  entire  margin  nearly 
of  the  fame  colour.  Specimens  which  bear  no  fhields  are  fre- 
quently nearly  covered  with  grey  granulations  or  w'arts,  w'hich 
have  been  prefumed  to  be  the  male  flowers,  and  are  what 
Hedwig  takes  for  fuch.  We  are  inclined  to  fufpedl:  them  to  be* 
rather  analogous  to  gemma^  or  the  bulbs  of  Lilinm  bulbiferurriy 
Dentaria  bulbtferay  &c.  and  that  (as  in  thofe)  the  plant  which 
bears  them  has  a lefs  tendency  to  bear  flowers  or  feeds  ; though 
thefe  warts  do  alfo  occur  on  the  fliield-bearing  fronds.  We 
have  never  however  traced  them  to  young  plants. 


k 


■'j 


i 


■'  .P 

,i«q  ;,  .'^  ,j 


i 

k. 

;i 


'J  Y ^ G 


„ ./  ..'.V-''*-'  v-  ,'  '''  ' . "■  "t  ft  . * 

^•Ti.^r  ',  ^ , r.  i.'t-r;  •.  r ’ 

^ , ' * ■ ■'  ' iAi  j.*;*  jf:r:  ; n,  \ 

tiVjld  ./^l, ? 1.^/*rr'")  f, 


:'^^A  ' .'  .Ot  4/..- 

XJGrii'/;/:  oh:f-»o'  . \ -.-.i  : 


AUCV  .orjalll^'frnn./- 


yL.  v> 


■ "'li  A.  X^- 

' rv 

G' 

.-a;-.,  r .:A  , 

Ajn'ilf.’ii  ; 

V'  .-.a/i 


B>i5r  •'■'■"  ■-’■  'i  ' '''”'■  A.  YA- 

v^:^'-  M ‘,i'  ,’,  ■ v . .,  t 

. f;  A':;  -...„  i-;  7 ,,\'v,..;  ,,  J 

*130^];  .•  '"  ■ .fi  I<-Ki'.;  t* 

' '■'  - .■•^'  t/ 

■’r.’-'l  - M ■:'■■■  .-'  • . j;  •>]!  i'  - 

,n'!.r^h  . ' -iX-.  ‘/;*i.'  ■ ^ 

a '"'I ' '(iY -'A  : .'''f'  '..Mi:  , , . ■ ■ , 

/pn’il  v\a  ;,c  ,-’''.vm:f7'A  V-  r^rri  vhr^j  .'!><'!•.  vr-jqqi*  _ ;;  '.■ 

t'J '3  i h.’nyffTr  ; : ';  : . ,' 


! ' f * - . 

. 'r-f'a'v' 

v'>  Yir.  r*.  : -H'’  !•  * XI  ■"''\  MX^k 

i ■.  A-f^7  - -.--A  [,iJ  J^. ■,■_;■>  li  i; 

•'  'AjAvT  . 

a ' fiA'*'*' a-AfiiK/'nijl  f '?:• 

*■  'V  ' / \ ’ . .'  ’ . j • ■ -■  ':,  ^ -w:. 


W.' 


A'. , ^ 


Vii 


t 354  ] 

B R Y U M fcoparium. 
Broom  Bryum, 


CRYPTOGA  MIA  MuJA. 

Gen.  Char.  with  a lid.  Veil  {mooih,  Flo'xer^ 

Jialk  from  a terminal  tubercle. 

Spec.  Char.  Capfules  a little  curved,  with  an  awl- 
fliaped  lid.  Leaves  curved  to  one  fide.  Stem 
reclining, 

Syn.  Bryum  fcoparium.  Linn,  Sp.  PL  1582.  Hudf. 
FI.  An,  483.  JVith.  Bot.  Arr,  v,  3.  ic6.  Relb, 
Cant,  403.  Curt.  Bond.  Fafc.  i.  /.  69. 

B.  credlis  capitulis  anguftifolium,  caule  reclinato. 
Rail  Syn.  95. 

B.  reclinatum,  foliis  falcatis,  fcoparum  effigic.  DHL 
Mufe.  357.  t.  46.  /.  16. 

Dicranum  fcoparium.  Sihth.  Ox.  281. 


A COMMON  mofs  on  heaths,  dry  pafiure  ground,  and 
the  trunks  of  trees,  growing  in  large  patches,  eafily  difeerni- 
ble  by  their  filky  gloffinefs,  and  which  make  an  elegant  kind 
of  artificial  turf  for  clothing  the  mould  of  garden  pots,  when 
kept  in  the  houfe. 

The  ftems  are  perennial,  long,  Handing  clofe  together,  but 
2 little  curved  or  reclining  ; clothed  with  brown  filky  down, 
and  with  numerous,  thick-fet,  narrow^,  finely  tapering,  entire 
leaves,  curved  towards  one  fide,  efpecially  about  the  fummit. 
The  ftalks  appear  in  the  early  part  of  fummer,  arifing  from 
the  fcaly  termination  of  each  Hem,  and  are  long,  eredf,  of  a 
reddifn  fliining  yellow,  and  twifted.  They  are  moflly  folitary, 
and  we  have  reafon  to  fufpedl  the  kind  with  cluftered  ftalks,  fee 
Dill.  fg.  D,  is  a diflindt  fpecies.  The  capfules  are  nearly  cy- 
lindrical, a little  curved.  Lid  long  and  taper.  Veil  of  the 
fame  figure,  flraw- coloured.  Male  flowers  few,  terminating 
fome  of  the  ftems,  and  furrounded  with  leaves  fpreading  in 
the  form  of  a ftar. 


J//.  ’ 


> 


’ 'rr.' 


s 


r 


' ’ ■ \ • 

f . 


- 1 


» 


i 


I 


-■  u 


■ ■ 


i' 

■f 


i 


. M i M A 


\ !A.(\.  V’,  ‘ "'■ 

fit'^  iUyjiiJ  : . ':  ■ :7  ■ . ,' ' ,.;'v.  '■■  , w#,  Jf'^' 

■ , _ , ■ 'Aw-A,.".  ' - !.^^,.A:  ■,  ' .r  ’ ^ 

A;.  .A  .',,  .A  •.  ■ 

•''■■  '■'\  .'■•;•  A /vr\  V\  A i 

• ■ ' • ■.'iA^Au.s-  .o^.i  .'.  r*  /' . ;A- 

..  ■ . ' ' ' ^ A . . . . . ' 

AluAill^MT  ■'■>„  j ■ ; ' ' ; ■ - 

' ?r  ^iJ<;  .vA,,  t - :r,;  ^ 

r:Ano7f.i  / A.,  '>/■.,<':■  -•  i-';  ,,  ;. 

--rrAi^  fu  A,-  In:  ^ - ,,f  ,'! 

;;>1R  qoij'dt  t.HU,  -•'C.,J'  ■ ■'-.■■ 

^'T  AyornrjM^;  lyjow  ,i'‘.v  ;;  ...  , ;-,■  ym  '..  ; • 

v:dT^n  A/  !inf:  irijiiqiq  i , .,.,  ■;,  •.•,•  ■ ■ 

A--;!:-..'!  trdj  ,('■}  ;a>;vAj  ■ {,■  ♦.  ' '.  . . 


■■  s.  :i 

r;Li. 

. . ':  ..h;A  k;  ^ylinvr...  ■ 

hrn  sliulii'’: 

If,  -I  i ' 

■ i.-’  ..  : 

:jiij  , 

i >t*^Vri,  y' 

•*^017  A/-'-. 

gqo.;  no  . i,- 

••  >-..cAi 

'iAt  ':^yr  ,■; 

, -.A'dM-).  r-r  : , i'!  >■ 

’■  ■;:■:'■■•  '.  .’  •u  .'•  id  rn:-;  .'1' ?ir'.  d. Si’;  , IAtc  ^ >’  . ’ :::.-j 

Afr  r7’!Av'A:':_  A ■ .•’■  i,:Q4c  ' kh  7 .Vj 

' '■■  -'■^'^07  n;A  .!  :■  ■■  .•-■•,  4 

• ; .-  ‘.;a  .-rr.,.) 

" A ■ ' • -aA'"-  • ’ A 

. AA-^=;:A  ^>:tr  q n-j-  :-  Lr'^  ^ 

■ ‘''  '''  ' ■' ' 7 . jv..'’  . :.  ’,  ; j'-'r  r ‘ 

; •••  ^ . A .V;  , ';  • . A^fi  :a  .-  ;aA  ; rSi 

A A ,■•■  ■ i J}i’‘grA  . \ :•:..  , 


[ 355  ] 

ANEMONE  nemorofa* 
Wood  Anemone* 


P 0 La  Y a LL  D R I a Polygynia. 

Gen.  Char.  Cal,  none.  Petals  fix  or  nine.  Seeds 
many. 

Spec.  Char.  Seeds  pointed,  without  tails.  Leaflets 
lobed.  Stem  fingle-flowered. 

Syn.  Anemone  nemorofa.  Linn.  Sp.  PL  762.  Hudf. 
FI.  An.  236.  With,  Pot,  Arr.  566.  Relh.  Cant, 
209.  Sihth.  Ox.  170.  Curt.  Lond.Fafc,  2.  /.  38. 
A.  nemorum  alba.  Raii  Syn.  259. 


Groves  and  thickets  throughout  England  are  plentifully 
decorated  with  this  elegant  plant  in  the  month  of  May,  and  it 
forms  one  of  the  moft  pleafing  ornaments  of  that  favourite 
feafon.  The  blolToms  expand  only  in  fine  weather,  drooping 
and  folding  up  their  petals  againft  rain.  Goats  and  flieep  arc 
the  only  domeftic  animals  that  will  eat  the  wood  anemone.  To 
the  former  its  acrimony  is  pleafant  and  wholefome,  as  they 
peculiarly  delight  in  vegetables  of  this  order ; to  the  latter, 
when  not  accuftomed  to  fuch  food,  it  occafions  a bloody  flux, 
according  to  Dr.  Withering. 

The  root  is  oblong,  black  externally,  a little  flefliy.  Stem 
from  a terminal  bud,  folitary,  fimple  and  fingle-flowered. 
Leaves  ternate,  flightly  hairy,  paler  beneath,  the  leaflets  va- 
rioufly  lobed  and  cut : radical  ones  on  long  foot-ftalks  : thofe 
on  the  ftem  3 together,  not  far  from  the  flower,  on  fhorter  di- 
lated ftalks.  Flower  on  a downy  flower-ftalk,  folitary,  with- 
out calyx  or  bra^fese,  unlefs  the  ftem-leaves  fhould  be  deemed 
fo.  Petals  about  6,  elliptical,  veiny,  often  purplifh  at  the 
back.  Stamina  much  fhorter  than  the  corolla ; fometimes 
changed  into  narrow  petals  as  in  the  double  Hepatica.  Ger- 
rnens  downy. 

The  leaves,  and  even  petals,  are  fometimes  fprinkled  with 
a minute  fungus,  taken  by  Mr.  Curtis  for  the  work  of  fome 
infe£l:,  but  deferibed  by  late  authors  under  the  generic  name 
of  JEcidiutn.  See  Mr.  Sowerby’s  Englifh  Fungi,  t.  53. 


^2' 


. H 


. .':i 

■ ^ ' ■! 


S 

* 

^ % J 
■ 


•;'*> 

1 


t J 


nmtuD 


ij  >; 


O A 


• vAuuIl  .:■’;;;  I'^tlJcil'i  ' 'f  ■ .;.  • 

: ‘io  My*')'  .isnuii  V-;: ' ■►.vi.n  j / ; Y'  '’ 

• . .. J » '>•>;.  . 

‘ I.  ',.'.'1  f ■ ,'  ;{p.  i/  . ■ ' / ’’ 

•.  "'Y  . • *"  ; •'.  . , ^! • :u:>l  Y:»';  .’  ■ •.  / 

.'.'.;,i\\'  .V\  .-.uY.l  . 

i.^VY-va  /\uv\  ^ . 

'A^_V  .V/YY  .«  • '«>*>' i i .;0  , ,01lT 


.4^vY  Y:v5\.  jtnf'im  '■  f‘;<  y r -niiiiJ:,’)  r .■ 


v;  < i'aukk:':  :}  1}> -7  ^T.  ^ --  . i cU  H i. 

.{>  ,A  I xyj 't:.:  ‘ c:ki" 

V/oi^vd  .1  ■'*  -Yod...  i!j(;d  .fVY'..  7 '(liVK '-'l  <y{  . Y YA;,>,(^H:;.,i  i 
ibfjrAiih'  ■'.  --r.'i:!^  / Rqih  m ■ . i ,-  ii  ,/bi  :■  ' 

ki  irr.  ,ji  ^:'  ■ : i.n'/j'ki/aci; //‘rcyid  ■ b 

\.:Miih  <l  sidvi  ,tbi/iv/.  ,|j‘.: ; riJi  .v  .v  !.  ,7/  •:.: 

tl&iiii  :4i7  iil  lyp^irtiuk\.k.it:  Jj;:-  VYY  :.lvY<v  :..;• 

YwllO^ta  c'n/fqYU  Jjw  kill  vbr:,.;  >.■ 

ion  h:7hb  Ai  l .jkJ  M.-i  1-'  :A,..iO  r:;:}:'’. ' 

gK  :^';o7ick  ill  fAjO'jq  YT3i;/jO;i  t;i!j  ^<1.  \ \\’^>  i yiiR  n ly..-r  ‘ 

S'j  '•;''  " ' ?o';  , i _ 

^fiol  warn  irfiv/  L::^  'b/  U ti  ioo/  •-.:T 

; divmi  A.‘.  vj' •, >'  :>,.r  • •-  :'  ;'- 

tj/i;  io  J<i3j  oi- ibmi  r.  u;; ,. Yi-..:  ■ 

i,  ■-?:/  bhivcfi  tO'TWf'bo  ;i/b  ;-o  ••;.:■'[■  i }::,j 

ibbfw  wt/hd  Yt>,biai,i|iuv'  . ^ 

c!]  ioo-j  vjij  fao'iL  r \'/-biii:  jiicd  * t(vlj;[  /i.b  '•’dx.jvr -?  JijfA 

/it:V  bsjdlolo  t0*3jfca  .bai’/hfijib  A -b.Yiil  fid; 

i -Ajiiial  xd  j/fiivi*.?!  4*j^'4  ii3V73  ' 

i:^  k{ii  ‘Jill  uudi  T^iion  . h 


C 356  ] 

A C O R U S Calamus. 

Sweet  Flag, 


H E XA  N D R lA  Monogynia, 

Gen.  Char.  Spadix  cylindrical,  clothed  with  florets* 
Cor,  of  fix  petals,  naked.  Style  none.  Cap/,  of 
three  cells. 

Spec.  Char.  Summit  of  the  flalk  above  the  flowers 
very  long,  and  leaf- like. 

Syn,  Acorns  Calamus.  Linn.  Sp.  PL  462.  Had/. 
FI.  An.  147.  IVith.  Bot.  Arr.  357.  Relh. 
Cant.  140.  Sibth.  Ox.  112.  JVoodv.  Med.  Bot. 
47^*  ^73*  Dryandr.  in  Ait.  Hort.  Kew.  v.  i. 

474- 

A.  verus,  five  Calamus  Oflicinarum.  Raii  Syn.  437. 


Th  IS  is  not  a very  common  inhabitant  of  pools,  ditches, 
and  banks  of  rivers,  and  the  flowers  are  extremely  rare.  We 
received  this  wild  fpeci men  from  A.  B,  Lambert,  Efq.  gathered 
near  Hampton  Court.  In  the  river  Yare,  both  above  and  below 
Norwich,  it  is  more  plentiful  than  in  moft  other  places,  infomuch 
that,  at  the  Mayor’s  annual  feaft  in  June,  the  cathedral  is  entirely 
ftrewed  with  this  plant,  which,  being  trodden  upon,  perfumes 
the  whole  building ; and  bowers  are  conflrudded  in  the  ftreets, 
of  its  leaves,  neatly  platted,  and  ftuck  with  cyphers  or  other 
devices  made  of  the  garden  ranunculus.  The  dried  root  pow- 
dered is  fuccefsfully  ufed  by  the  country  people  in  Norfolk  as, 
a cure  for  the  ague. 

The  root  is  thick  and  fpongy,  with  many  long  radicles,  eafily 
diflilnguiftied  by  its  aromatic  fmell.  Leaves  upright,  long,  fword- 
ihaped,  bright-green,  with  a fimilar  fmell  to  that  of  the  root, 
but  fainter  j not  unlike  the  odour  of  myrtle  leaves.  Stem  like 
the  leaves,  except  in  being  thicker  below  the  fpike,  which  comes 
out  laterally  (in  June  or  July),  about  mid-way  from  the  root  to 
the  fummit,  and  is  cylindrical,  tapering,  naked,  clothed  with 
innumerable,  thick-fet,  green  flowers,  each  having  fix  inflexed 
equal  petals,  fix  ftamina  rather  (hotter  than  the  petals,  and  an 
elliptical  germen  with  a felfile  ftigma. 


j'-y 


■ V. 

' f* 

/r  / ^ 


..  ■ , 

" • -r^ii 


;y'  '...■■  i. 


¥ 


\ 


•'1 


A 


'f 


T3 


‘i  • /'^  ■■■ 


f ] .•  • ■ ' 

A J j 8 O l/I  I J 

, A*^c'iT\4^rv.*  ^ . 

' ^ , ■■..*  .;  ■-  ■ I 

■ . ' N 

■ ' " ? ■ • ’ ''  ' 

• K\UkY.Xa\(i 

.[Bup5  .toA'  Jtob-ovB'  AsiO  ' ./i/  iiD  ./sO 

ni  *i3fbo  dono  ^nifi:iBoiqqc  ivAimxiX?* 

bnn  t^5vbv  'uv/i  Jbaoao  fiii//  X:. 

Xi88  .iVw\ 

-T\\v,.tv>U.  A\vA\  ' . '^C  .V\ 

: '****Hk^w  w-O  aV.^:?.  .£+£ 


t irfj  jJTtnR'trKi  j,nj  j^m/ijoq  V/21  i 

Wff'//  e!)Ddq  ’^hhtiOT  m aii/okso  YfUnon^D^o  floidw.  tinslq  i)|jjil 
. vsJI  3ilT  .rjiniv  gnib^oatq  i)ri3  ;§nhiJo  htiico^c/i  ,TjUvr  , , 
3ibbim  3fli  nr^^miawoR  tStiiBbto^l^yS  rnoi'i' 'Ji  iu^'l  JodJA /i.!4 

' X X : . , .^bl  b 

^iCTiknq  k^nhnrlp  i«o  j^fTi woidi  ^Umifuz  iii  iooTt  briT 

'W3fi  rrttol  biifi  t83i)ifn3i1x3  7bdj  jlK  3ocvi  o>*.';3  ^noamn 

idiooml  ^33£lx/J£ql  ito  Jiiijiljf;'?  ev/puJC  f?Jni»{q 

•£i  (Ilstnl  «73wol'?  .siifloYrti  nioit)  bfti;o}  Son  o^ffA  aw  f-jtiiaac 
3i!t  8fi 'baxOilni  »fnoo3d  MqmH  no 

■ftomtoqqw  ^ odi  ,qici{i  X'^l4?o  yfii  lo  f:1i{\pm}\^’d^  .?nsqh 
iif  dmil  ’Jih  t odul  gnlfbyA  is  rijiwxU^oO  itohivib^bp'-jb  4)£’jI 
£ odi  e^bOni  ^di  no  boT  (Jxiodir//  i 

^^nrhnoolB  £nfrni;32,  .boxoSni  oUjH  b m'  doidv/  lbo  flofiihsqqn  X. 
-ob  oI\pci  ,75w6fi  odj  losbn  rbiifo  sbiLWO^  etif  q ni  to&ohxJYib  ; :^t 
& iliiv  pcliidof^  oInlq«3  ,r*m'^ifl  ;nnid  « rtriw' 

,•  • , ^ »8boij5£rTua  Yt^y  T*>qqtT  jrtoI« 


[ 357  ] 


LIMOSELLA  aquatica. 

Mudwort, 


DID  Y N A M 1 A Angiofpermia. 

Gen.  Char.  Cal.  five-cleft.  Cor.  five-cleft,  equal. 
Stamina  approaching  each  other  in  pairs.  Capf. 
with  one  cell,  two  valves,  and  many  feeds. 

Spec.  Char. 

Syn.  Limofella  aquatica.  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  88 1.  Hudf, 
FI.  An.  276.  With.  Bot.  Arr.  656.  Relh.  Cant. 
245.  Sihth.  Ox.  197. 

Plantaginella  paluftris.  Raii  Sjn.  278. 


r Ew  perfons,  except  the  fcrutinizing  botanifl,  obfervc  this 
little  plant,  which  occafionally  occurs  in  muddy  places  where 
water  has  ftagnated  during  the  preceding  winter.  The  Rev. 
Mr.  Abbot  fent  it  from  Bedfordthire,  flowering  in  the  middle 
of  July. 

The  root  is  annual,  throwing  out  naked  cylindrical  proftratc 
runners,  which  take  root  at  their  extremities,  and  form  new 
plants.  Leaves  radical,  o^n  long  foot-llalks,  fpatulate,  fmooth, 
entire  ; we  have  not  found  them  involute.  Flowers  fmall,  ra- 
dical, on  Ample  flow^er-ftalks,  v/hich  become  inflexed  as  the 
fruit  ripens.  Segments  of  the  calyx  fliarp,  the  2 uppermofl 
leaf!:  deeply  divided.  Corolla  with  a fwelling  tube  ; the  limb  in 
5 equal  fegments,  wTitifh  without,  red  on  the  infide,  the  2 
uppermofl  of  which  are  a little  inflexed.  Stamina  afcending, 
divaricated  in  pairs  tow^ards  each  fide  of  the  flow^er.  Style  de- 
clining, wdth  a blunt  rough  ftigma.  Capfule  globular,  with  a 
groove  along  its  upper  fide.  Seeds  very  numerous. 


357' 


/ 


f 


I 


\ 


i 


\ 


\ 


/ 


I 


-.njcb-ioD 


^ g .s^-^;^vV4  V \ -A,  d V-  Z ’ 1 

■ '■(iJif-ll't 

. J 

. diiD  (]?( ghii/ic-' . r^^"*  ^ ' 

:;:aP 

: ';:,i  }', 

i'r-'vp ’•!:/> 

\dridh  (dhil  h'h^f^ij!’>^<} 

• >7#k^l  j)  . 

[ .nrifi:  srli  u')  <•■..  ,'  .i 

■ iir/j;v  to 

r • 

'^'  If  '■•  * • ’ 

' , • ■'  lUOl  • 

, :S^  ■ 

^ni.jO  .-^V? 

V 

' : .8?^  .-ny  M\\  .-V  7 .89,- 

. .;v\  ..  A:i 

■"’  ■ \ 

-,w- ?£  ■■  ■''  VuwV  ' ,ft'!f:;ni!.! 

uffTv/b>fe  ; 

.A 

' -v  ' '.:  .;■  ' ■ 

lo  .1^/  Mo.  ■•>■// al.^  >IO  'Tl 

-cyfr>  3/b  i-  "i  3*t,fn  f.  ‘j'^vyiradiB 

jkirti' vniJi  fijiiit  ;;rli  i>T»Ti;4i!x3^  o i - ♦ob 

' ^h'v av'.vTU  bi  r *' jj  ,b  U»  flaw 

iii  3nnovv.'>h  ^a;or{'i  ». 'fi  a-.v:/?;  ]I  .•r^V^  .v/ct 

’»  '•  •'  J:'  .'  ;"  vA  ’'^ 

■t*.v,ati%Vvy  lo  :5Ali(.!iV  » 'On  ai  rorn  &d  1' 

•Tv.q  vIjt)  t flails  l.'fu 

''7t"(:>f(l  w ii,iy  >rio  crMMi'y  « n'v’frnsVi  ’ t,  M'ji  .^RhiB«¥ 

.ix!>(r  oHi  a?  'jinjw)  b;><i.  r t^iiiM  ; 

,MgaT!l  ' fiif-M  coff^at  7u  ^YtMnffc  .*■«•.,/ 

Jo'  li;^  /i  ar.i  j;K»d»,  ^otl* '>cJ' 

,:  lijiiqu  ,ki!um>3  :i>i;qP.  , . V;!.‘j1  ,Y<UA?v  ^jftoornV  > 

^lo:^'^/  ^arjwiift  «'U<^i|:5kj*ff;oom  ajl^t^aiu/i  io 

ylno  f^OfniofuA  i’  -7fb  Irut'")  'Kt*'"  aki^jq 

a/ycnd  /Liiw  liwFub  nyll'7  Hu  tjxii*  .4l  yy/'/tWkti 

1 ^nWc/l  ,tu',4«:»tpl>\ygFk4|^^  vIj  io  qr.! 

|R77  ’iMil  fi>^ob  ,)5^nM'h<rK  isffi 'i*  ,<  - l.jbn4^»Jt5 

-.v:.r/-li3^  r/tv.i;  y^i  ^mii'i  .*:.f3  tsao  onit 

; .j’  m b7i0iu^<!ii)ih  ei  i^ubyql  awh  b“noi'j 

isb  'jvi  Bob'niJrfrqa  lou)  noiiifjtoo 

^•i  Jiisq  f/r  aa^frr/iibooYq  Jdp^fi  ^ tyr  ylito  ^td  (bin  xr  ilky^uoi 
dii'^-'  b^iiw g70  «{nikpi;q  plodcuM  «i  t>iuU[ii:5  A:tfiT  : yiJKiobn  ??: 

y,d  '^-at|Jii.M  ?»f^i  ,i^iv‘oo  J£i3‘!’tjfcm72q  5^7. 


[ 358  ] 


OPHRYS  cordata. 
Heart-leaved  Mountain  Ophrys-, 


GTNANDRIA  Dlandrla, 

Gen.  Char.  Nedlary  confiding  of  a lip  only,  flighlly 
carinated  at  the  back. 

Spec.  Char.  Root  of  cindered  defhy  fibres.  A pair 
of  heart-diaped  leaves  on  the  dein.  Nedlary 
with  four  lobes. 

Syn.  Ophrys  cordata.  Linn.  Sp.  PL  1340.  Hudf. 
FI  An.  388.  With.  Bot.  Arr.  988. 

Bifolium  minimum.  Rail  Syn.  385. 


F' OR  this  rare  alpine  plant  we  are  obliged  to  Mr.  Salt  of 
Sheffield,  a mod  affiduous  inveftigator  of  the  vegetable  crea- 
tion, who  gathered  it  on  the  high  turfy  moors  to  the  fouth- 
weft  of  that  town,  as  indicated  by  Dr.  Smith  in  Withering  s 
Bot.  Arr.  It  grows  in  moift,  ffiady  fpots,  flowering  in  June 
or  July. 

The  root  is  not  much  unlike  thofe  of  OphiogloJJ'um  vnlgatum 
and  Ofmunda  limaria  ; we  fufpedl  it  to  be,  like  thofe,  truly  per- 
ennial, and  not  forming  a clufter  of  fibres  one  year  which  are 
totally  obliterated  (while  a new  clufter  is  forming)  the  next. 
Stem  folitary,  angular,  4 or  5 inches  high,  fimple,  eredh, 
bearing  about  its  middle  a pair  of  oppofite,  heart-ffiaped, 
pointed,  fmooth,  veiny  leaves.  Spike  terminal,  upright, 
compofed  of  numerous  green  inconfpicuous  flowers,  whofe 
petals  are  fpreading,  equal  in  length,  the  2 innermoft  only 
being  narrower  than  the  reft,  and  all  often  tinged  with  brown. 
Lip  of  the  nectary  long,  dependent,  yellowiffi,  having  2 
extended  linear  lobes  at  the  bafe,  and  being  cloven  half  way 
into  two  longer  ones  of  the  fame  figure.  By  thefe  firft-men- 
tioned  lobes  this  fpecies  is  eflTentially  diftinguiffied  from  the 
common  Ophrys  ovata  (not  to  mention  fize,  or  the  form  of  the 
leaves),  which  has  only  very  flight  prominences  in  that  part  of 
its  nedtary.  The  capfule  is  globofe,  purpllffi,  crowned  with 
the  permanent  withering  corolla,  and  burfting  by  lateral  clefts. 


oSb 


■> 


f 


A It  . ‘ >" 


s 


.^iUf 


>• 


i. 


% 


2tei.  • 


. t, 

’X  '. 


nornriftik'j  X • _■  i 


X-'-'-''-.'' '•'■■  " .-•X,  . s\'.i_' 

.s^y*  .■'  •■  /»»-'  . .,  f'  y'.  ’> 

}.:'y ' . . < - .. 

■ -y  .'.  ■, . :- 1-  'V  A '..^  -'  ,m''' 

' ' '>!  ■>  ^ ■ , '•  ..  ' r^  ' 

; " ■■'  ,:f _ - . 

■Cid'i  r V,;'*  *'  -■ 

' iy-y',  '■.■  .■  ^ ,--..t:n/r 

f-nhr.i/n  (u:  . .u!.  :r  i-;:;  )•:,.»  ^ - .. -.i.’: 

i'j  , j'O  ,.':V’*.n'  '■  - .>  ■■.-^-  i-,. 

■ L £■■'■•'  ■-»  ■'  ' -j''- 
• -rU^J  fi^:  V''  "V'OT^  Ilf  ..';| 

•'  :;  -'H  'i.rf*  jft!  bli’;!'?'.:  ./^■  >li.'tin»;r),vb’3^VD'.  . >dyij  ol  [y.rj;.’-;;^' 

e'y  'iij-  -ii  v’  .1[  ■/  c -li./Jj  ' 

^ ^i:b.  \Vil. 'y‘M|  .'v:-y  ^=0  .{y?":V.t 

jfjlw  y .;  '^J  . .rt'-!  . y bil^-^ncfyii  : - i 

io  4?/i>  i>nc  d l^u  t>a  T b:it  <,  . 

■;  /;,  ' '■'''^'  .yy;.yl'i:jrh.i^T  :i  u 

r::ji,-  ■ w'  f-rrc  TicwU  iTyOWi' by iOJ""*  dtii  rii  ^ui;  *' 

in*.;’  - .V  i,.;  ...  (,.i  rijidw 

y >!iT:  ’(rrr;  iDvniiiv/  ' ^ b-i  bu^n4;^x\^cri^ii.’a  d 

1 V m t^;y. -iWhu:  \uin  i’i  rtf  ytJi ’>5-Xbyi?;  ‘-(TiJ 

n.u  u y.; V--bii  j.i3b 


' A X: 


tyy  • 

.ei;'.:  /X.'vo-U 


[ 359  ] 


FONTINALIS  antlpyretka. 

Greater  Water-mofs, 


CRYFTOGAMIA  Mnjcu 

Gen.  Char.  Capfule  with  a lid  and  veil,  feffile,  en- 
clofed  in  an  imbricated  calyx. 

Spec.  Char.  Leaves  pointed,  folded  fo  as  to  form 
a keel,  difpofed  in  three  ranks.  Fruclification 
lateral. 

Syn.  Fontinalis  antipyretica.  Lmn.  Sp,  PL  1571- 
Hudf,  FL  An,  467.  With.  Bot.  Arr.  v.  3.  75. 
Relh.  Cant.  395.  Slhth.  Ox.  293. 

F.  major,  foliis  triangularibus  complicatis,  capitulis 
in  foliornm  alis  feffilibus.  Rail  Syn.  79. 

F.  triangularis  major  complicata,  e foliorum  alis 
capfulifera.  Dill.  Mnjc.  254.  t.  f.  i. 


l^OT  uncommon  in  flow  deep  waters,  growing  upon  rocks, 
polls,  &c.  floating  with  the  ftream  confiderably  below  the 
furface,  and  very  rarely  producing  any  fruclification. 

The  root  is  fmail,  but  ilrong,  and  perennial.  Stem  flender, 
tough  and  wiry,  much  branched,  from  3 or  4 inches  to  a foot 
long,  clothed  with  numerous  leaves,  which  are  imbricated 
generally  in  three  rows,  of  an  ovate  fharp-pointed  form,  but 
compreffed  fo  as  to  become  acutely  carinated,  entire  in  the  mar- 
gin, their  colour  a deep  tranfparent  green.  Capfules  lateral, 
Iblitary,  on  very  fhort  fcaly  flower-ftalks,  elliptical,  entirely, 
invefted  with  imbricated  fcales,  and  their  orifice  ciliated  with 
about  16  red  taper  teeth.  The  lid  is  conical,  and  the  veil  of 
the  fame  form,  but  rather  longer. 

Linnaeus  informs  us,  in  his  Flora  Suecica,  that  the  Swedes 

ilulF  in  this  mofs  between  their  chimneys  and  wooden  walls, 
to  guard  the  latter  from  fire  a paflage  which  Englilh  writers 
have  greatly  mifapprehended  j for,  without  fuppofing  any  thing 
very  incombuftible  in  its  nature,  it  may  anfwer  the  purpofe 
above  defcribed  merely  by  preventing  the  palTage  of  air. 


/ fj'j6%lLrko^l}y^^foxr€^'liy 


- * ' 


- i 


'¥ ''lkr,k  . • ■• 

■'  ■/>  ■■ ..  . i.V'  ' 

''.<w  -’  ' ■ 

•■  ■ / . [ ‘ ^ , 

.rniJjfhc'j  1/iM  Y M tL 

W . 

',  ^ , ' • , *’  i ' " ■ ^ ' ' '^’, 

-r  .’n"  \ ' ^ ^ .'/ 

' • /•  C 'V-  1 ' '-*  ■ . '’  ‘ 

' ■/v\vi\(i  K 1 \b  k 0'  0'  ;v  \ 'i  a 0 

.(Ilooart  .bil  i.i  ri;: .;ta.hD  .KsiO 
-KBU®  ' ■ .obitxJuJ  !i:nim'J^3  j:  iVv.\ 

* ‘.sttiiO  .osn'cf. 

.:  '\S  .:Kc 

m ■ ' . ..  ■■  - ■ / ' •■  ■ -■■  "'  . : I . ' 

.j;.r  ^unjiTT.^  iTH-iVfft  . .vrrS 

-'/■  : ' 

-W,  Hf  <f.n<M©.>  i‘irnr,o  *, ' ^ukj;; . « l/-3hvi 

.^'  ..  ' •’■' 

-noq  (Hbrjjlo'i  ^ilijiiffi’:)  ^!cuj!^i.n'irj  .8 

''.  , . " '.Q^'.\  .0^  ,004,.  .Wil  ’ ,>{*vr  ^ ' ;i.  jI 


.b!)i}m9H  .7l|l  ,v38  yrJ T^l.  _ 
IK  _ j,a3;i^b<}l  rfT/oni’ y bitir  ,r''  n'/:  ►,< 

• •;’ 'io  cc4ilg7rm  5/fj  kfi£  vh  ^.O  jkom  I 'i 

^ .;  V , • ■ ' '■  , *“  rn«  ;3nh  ,;rlfi7 '>{inJ 

•, ; . , hsiUob  3ir*3fqmn  4no;^|5f3rx»?8  Afilntt^vj:^ 

■ ’^'  1 ■^hm  j-l  ■;■  ;i^i  'ivu^  »■  4-*r;v 

;rf*::^r^' i)i*)i7l  --:]/ £ V 
■ .}«af|ij30W>  huH  diji/ibq  v|^*!bb^i  <e/ny;i  ^>4^  ncii 

:^_-;^dkqd‘V?»d^fe'at)qiT  }ri;«'-ifc»!|';,/i>II  b:?lbvq.^b  s vfpw  -'^'oit^ido; 
' <iHui!ho' o4y^tho3’J!ni  34>  hn*  :o-k;S.i 

V :>d  ^£rn'  9li3’ifj,v3  :>iij  3^13  shum 

■■.vv' ..  *c.dlni''af)a,6r  97i3jti  fuO.,.  „ iki’fr;b  'Li/lkb 

'■■■■'\  . M iTwfe^CfiCi  , i-bv  ijiiT, ' -.jJH'i) 

'>  *50'  J'.‘slo)q^:>  ^ifUOY  '^r^r  hrtr;  /37q«ffl-I>/c 

“'•:,  • ;.-7fxufl  iii  \ Sep  oi  sid 

:V'  ' :t^V  jms  fm>ii  kabii'/jciq  ^>**5 

kSr  \ V '-  ' ' ',  jUg/^  •'■' 

!'k“'\^  ' l6:4'Aiw5i!q)'  ?d3- 5'i;jg  ba^qbu'i 


f 360  ] 


B R Y U M carneum. 
Shining  Bryum. 


CRYPTO  GA  MIA  Mufcl 

Gen.  Char.  Capf,  with  a lid.  Veil  fmooth.  Flower- 
Jlalk  from  a terminal  tubercle. 

Spec.  Char.  Capfules  pendulous^  fomewhat  globular. 
Leaves  alternate,  acute,  and  entire. 

Syn.  Bryum  carneum.  Linn.  Sp,  PL  1587.  Hudf. 
FI.  An,  489.  JFith.  Bot.  Arr.  v.  3.  112. 

B.  nitidum,  folils  Serpilli  pellucidls  anguftioribus, 
refiexis  capitulis  fubrotundis,  carnei  colons,  in 
pediculis  brevioribus.  Raii  Syn,  102. 

B.  lanceolatum  pellucidum,  capfulis  rotundls,  pen- 
dulis,  carneis.  Dill.  Mufc.  400.  t.  50.  /.  69. 


I —wnwnr—ii—  

Sent  from  Cambrldgethlre  by  the  Rev.  Mr.  Hemfted.  It 
is  an  uncommon,  and  not  generally  known  fpecies,  growing 
in  moill  fiiady  places,  among  grr^s,  and  by  the  margins  of 
little  rills,  bearing  its  fruit  in  the  fpring. 

Root  perennial.  Stems  (hort,  {lender,  fimple  at  firfl,  clothed 
with  thick-fet,  alternate,  lanceolate,  pointed,  entire  leaves, 
of  a bright  pellucid  green.  Stalk  terminal,  a little  longer 
than  the  hems,  reddifli,  fliining,  pellucid  and  fucculent. 
Capfule  pendulous,  when  young  green,  pear-fhaped  and  very 
obtufe,  with  a deprelTed  lid ; but  as  it  ripens  becoming  of  a 
fleih-coloured  red,  and  when  arrived  at  maturity  the  orifice  is 
much  dilated,  fo  that  in  fome  fpecimens  the  capfule  may  be 
called  almoft  campanulate.  Our  figure  is  not  in  that  advanced 
flate.  The  veil  we  have  not  feen.  Dillenius  reprefents  it  as 
awl-fhaped  and  very  tender,  falling  off  the  young  capfules  be- 
fore they  begin  to  nod.  When  the  fruit  is  ripe,  young  ihoots 
are  protruded  from  the  top  of  the  flem,  fo  that  the  fruit-ftalks 
are  no  longer  terminal. 

Wc  have  compared  ours  with  the  fpecimens  of  Dillenius* 


jfjC 


* * ’ ■ ^ I 

' ■ r*  ■ ‘ 

4 M 


; > ■ > 


j 

- a 


''’  >5t* 


■> 


I 


N D E X 


OF  THE  ENGLISH  NAMES 

IN  VOL.  V. 


Adonis,  com  — 

__ 

Tab. 

308 

Anemone,  wood  — 

— 

355 

Afh,  mountain  — 

— 

337 

Afparagus,  common  — 

— 

339 

Bafe-rocket  — 

— 

321 

Bell-flower,  giant  — 

— 

302 

Bind-weed,  great  — 

— 

3^3 

fea  — 

— 

314 

fmall  — 

— 

312 

Bryum,  broom  — 

— 

354 

fhining  — 

— 

360 

yellow  twilling 

— 

342 

Buxbaumia,  leafy  — 

— 

329 

Candy-tuft,  naked-flalked 

— 

327 

Carex,  oval-fpiked,  or  naked. 

— 

306 

great  — 

— 

307 

Catchfly,  night-flowering 

— 

291 

Chara,  common  — 

— 

336 

Cock’s-foot  grafs,  rough 

— 

335 

Columbine,  common 

— 

297 

Coral-wort,  bulbiferous 

— 

309 

Cornel,  dwarf  — 

— 

310 

Cotton-grafs,  alpine  — 

— 

311 

Cranberry  — 

— 

319 

Cranefbill,  dufky  — 

— 

322 

Crocus,  autumnal 

— 

343 

fpring  — 

— 

344 

Darnel,  perennial  — 

— 

315 

Dog’s-tail  grafs,  crefled 

— 

316 

Dropwort,  parfley  water 

— 

347 

■ — fulphurwort  water 

— 

348 

Dyer’s-weed  — 

— 

320 

Elder,  water  — 

— 

332 

Elag,  fweet  — 

— 

356 

Golden-rod,  common  — 

— 

301 

Grafs-poly,  hyffop-leaved 

— 

292 

Guelder-rofe,  common 

— 

332 

■ - — mealy  — 

— 

331 

Hawk  weed,  fhrubby  — 

— 

349 

Knawel,  annual  ~ 

•— 

351 

perennial  — 

352 

Lavender,  matted  fea  — 

Lichen,  ball-bearing  — — 

bat’s-wing,  or  blackifh 

bright-green  — — 

crowned  — — 

- lead-coloured  fpongy 

pearly  — — 

reverfed  — — 

Maple,  common  — — 

greater  — — 

Mat-grafs  — — 

Mignonette,  wild  — - ~ 

Moonwort  — — 

Mudwort  — — 

Navel-wort,  common  — — 

Ophrys,  heart-leaved  mountain 
Phafcum,  crooked  — — 

Pheafant’s-eye  — — 

Pink,  Deptford  — — 

Plantain,  lefler  water  — — 

Pond-weed,  fennel-leaved  — 

Quaking-grafs,  common  — 

Quicken-tree  — — 

Rye-grafs  — — 

Saffron  — — . 

Saint  John’s-wort,  imperforate 

perforated 

Satyi'ion,  creeping  — — 

Service-tree,  domeftic  — 

— wild  — — 

Southernwood,  field  — — 

Sphaerocarpus,  reticulated  — 

Spurge,  upright  warty  - 

Sycamore  — - 

Tremella,  granulated 
Vetch,  common  — — 

Water-mofs,  greater  — - 

Wayfaring-tree  — - 

Willow-herb,  narrow  marfh 
Yellow- weed  — 


Tab, 

328 


293 

345 

294 
3C0 
353 

341 

305 

304 

303 

290 

321 

318 

357 


35^ 

308 


317 

326 

323 

340 

337 

315 

343 

296 

295 

289 

29? 

338 

299 

333 

303 

324 

334 
3 59 

331 

346 

320 


im  iv). 


■a  A. 

. ■ H 

m 4K  . 

. Trrji  ”*^iM 

i ■ . 

• t i‘j  , ' - ■;-'i 

Jioix  ..Mi. 

y.  . — ^ 

: ■ 

!..  ,.1  •.•  ■ ' - — ‘ — 
■>  , . 1 
■ ■'  .fl 

- >■>  : 


■■ 

s., 

A : 

VU 

c 

*.  • 


'4.^ ‘ 
r.j'i,. 


— • W.  yV;  ; 

, O'  ' ^:‘•- 

i ■.;-■> 


vUvsi.t  it. 


i ;■ 

xc. 

■if." 

■( ■ 


' .w  • --v 

. '’’I  ^ 

.':J5  ,'  j'  ■ ‘-h!v.> 
■ f** 

'.  V.-.1 

, trf.r' 

i'a;Jrric 




SYSTEMATICAL  INDEX 


TO 

VOL.  V.^ 


Monandrla. 


C«HARA  vulgaris 

— 

Tab: 

336 

Triandria. 

Crocus  fativus  — 

— 

343 

vernus  — 

— 

344 

Eriophorum  alpinum  — 

— 

3it 

Nardus  ftrifta 

— 

2(p 

Briza  media  — 

— 

340 

Dadlylis  glomerata  — 

— 

335 

Cynofurus  criftatus  — 

— 

316 

Lolium  perenne  — • 

— 

31S 

Petrandria. 

Cornus  fuecica  — 

— 

3 TO 

Potamogeton  pedinatum 

~ 

323 

Pentandria, 

Convolvulus  arvenfis 

— 

312 

fepium 

— 

313 

- 

Campanula  latifolia 

— 

0 * ^ 

302 

Oenanthe  pimpinelloides 

■ — 

347 

peucedanifolia 

— 

343 

Viburnum  Lantana  — 

— 

33T 

. Opulus  

— 

332 

Statice  reticulata  — 

— 

328 

Hexandriu. 

Afparagus  officinalis  — 

— 

339 

Acorus  Calamus  — 

— 

356 

Alifma  ranunculoides 

— 

326 

OBandrla. 

Epilobium  paluftre  •— 

— 

346 

Vaecinium  Oxycoccos 

— 

319 

Uecandrla. 

Scleranthus  annuus  — 

— 

351 

perennis  — • 

— 

352 

Dianthus  Armeria  — 

— 

317 

Silene  no£liflora  — 

— 

291 

Cotyledon  Umbilicus 

— 

325 

Dodecandrla, 

Lythrum  hyflbpifolium 

292 

Refeda  luteola  — 

— 

320 

■ — lutea  — 

— 

321 

Euphorbia  ftriila  — 

— 

333 

Icofandrla, 

Crataegus  terminal  is  — 

— 

298 

Sorbus  Aucuparia  — 

— - 

337 

P/rus  domeftica  — 

— 

350 

Polyandria, 


Tab. 

Aquilegia  vulgaris  — 

— 

297 

Anemone  nemorofa  — 

— 

355 

Adonis  autumnalis  — 

— 

308 

Didynamla. 

Limofella'  aquatica  — 

— 

357 

T’etr adynamia. 

iberis  nudicaulis  — 

327 

Dentarla  bulbifera  — 

— 

3C9 

Monadelphia. 

Geranium  phaeum  — 

— 

322 

Diadelphia. 

Vicia  fativa  — 

— 

334 

Polyadelphia, 

Hypericum  perforatum 

— 

295 

dubium  — - 

— 

296 

Syngenejia. 

Hieracium  fabaudum 

— 

349 

Artemifia  campellris 

— 

33^ 

Solidago  Virgaurea  — 

— 

301 

Gynandria, 

Satyrium  repens  •— 

— 

289 

Ophrys  cordata  — 

— 

358 

Monoecia,  ^ 

Carex  oval  is  — 

— 

306 

vulpina  — 

— 

307 

Polygamia. 

Acer  Pfeudo-platanus 

— 

303 

campeftre  — 

— 

304 

Cryptogamia. 

Ofmunda  Lunarla  — 

— 

3*8 

Buxbaumia  foliofa  — 

— 

329 

Phafeum  curvicollum  — 

— 

330 

Fontinalis  antipyretica 

— 

359 

Bryum  fcoparium  — 

— 

354 

hygrometricum 

— 

342 

— 

360 

Sphaerocarpus  terreftris 

— 

299 

Lichen  plumbeus  — 

— 

353 

— nigrefeens  — 

— 

345 

....  — - Burgeffii  — 

— 

300 

perlatus  — 

■ — 

341 

■ ' ' ■ ■■  glomuliferus 

— 

293 

- laete-virens 

294 

- - refupinatus  ~ 

— 

305 

Tremella  granulata 

324 

f r 

:f  . 


. ■ ’ 1 


/.A/ '-ft,  > 


f. 


.>  '•  ■' 


i:  -'’  \ ' „ ,y 


• \ -I-'  f 





'■•  i-,’  ' I i: 

»t.  • ^ .„„  

t . / .1'  :iv,'.j' ) J. 

- -U.'< 

_ _ <« 

• , , , • ? 

.jitv:/. 

" ..  'k  tuino^ 

V - . 

„ ’ tf  'Ti' : 

..'o:  .;  ' 

' ; . ■ - . -Mf  -r  J 

J-liL'il  / 

.'  ■ ' :?  jf'-  - - 

. i . ■'  i 

■;.■•  L >; 

: •.  ;v;r. 


kli-’  rr'k'.’u.,'i j.l 

'vi 


'-'•k  »-v.,..  , ' 'i 

■ ' > t-V;-'  ^ ’J 

...•  ::f  r- 

i, 

£-V  ^ i .. 

-n'‘  ^ ' 

. V . A ’0 ' /•'. 

■ - • i:.,  ' - ' 


S- 


i 


ALPHABETICAL  INDEX 


TO 


VOL.  V. 


( 


j/\.CER  campeftre 

__ 

Tab. 

304 

Pfeudo-platanus 

303 

Acorus  Calamus  — 

— 

356 

Adonis  autumnalis  — 

— 

308 

Alifma  ranunculoides 

— 

326 

Anemone  nemorofa  — 

— 

355 

Aquilegia  vulgaris  — - 

— 

297 

Artemifia  campeftris  — 

— 

338 

Afparagus  officinalis  — 

— 

339 

Briza  media  — 

— 

34^^ 

Bryum  carneum  — 

— • 

360 

. — hygrometricum 

— 

342 

— 

354 

Buxbaumia  foliofa  — 

— 

3^9 

Campanula  latifolia  — 

— 

302 

Carex  ovalis  — 

— 

306 

— — vulpina  — 

— 

307 

Chara  vulgaris  — 

— 

336 

Convolvulus  arvenfis  — 

— 

312 

— fepium  — 

— 

3L3 

Soldanella 

— 

3H 

Cornus  fuecica 

— 

310 

Cotyledon  Umbilicus 

— 

325 

Crataegus  torminalis 

— 

298 

Crocus  fativus  — 

— 

343 

- vernus  — 

— 

344 

Cynofurus  criftatus  — 

— 

316 

Da£lylis  glomerata  — - 

— 

335 

Dentaria  bulbifera  — 

— 

309 

Dianthus  Armeria  — 

— 

317 

Epilobium  paluAre  — 

— 

346 

Eriophorum  alpinum 

— 

311 

Euphorbia  ftridla  ■— 

— 

333 

Fontinalis  antipyretica 

— 

359 

Geranium  phaeum  —> 

322 

Hieracium  fabaudum 

— 

349 

Tab. 

Hypericum  dubium  — 

— 

296 

perforatum 

— 

295 

Iberis  nudicaulis  — 

— 

327 

Lichen  Burgeffii  — 



300 

■ glomuliferus 

— 

293 

Isete-virens  — 

294 

nigrefcens  — 

— 

345 

perlatus  — 

— 

341 

— 

353 

■ refupinatus  ■ — 

— 

305 

Limofella  aquatica  — 

357 

Lolium  perenne  — 

— 

315 

Lythrum  hyfTopifolium 

. — 

292 

Nardus  ftrida  — 

290 

Oenanthe  peucedanifolia  • 



348 

- — pimpinelloides 

— 

347 

Ophrys  cordata  — 

3>3 

Ofmunda  Lunaria 



318 

Phafcum  curvicollum 



330 

Potamogeton  pedlinatum 

— 

323 

Pyrus  domeftica  — 

— 

350 

Refeda  lutea  — 

— 

321 

... — luteola  — - 

— 

320 

Satyrium  repens  — 

— 

289 

Scleranthus  annuus 

— 

35^ 

perennis 

— 

352 

Silene  nodliflora  ~ 



291 

Soli  dago  Virgaurea  — 



3or 

Sorbus  Aucuparia  — 

— 

337 

Sphaerocarpus  terreftris 

— 

299 

Statice  reticulata  — 

328 

Tremella  granulata  — 

3-4 

Vaccinium  Oxycoccos 

319 

Viburnum  Lantana  — 

__ 

331 

■ Opulus  — 

— 

332 

Vicia  fativa  — 

— 

334 

/ 


I 


' ■'  'WW‘  ' 

: ■ ■/ ' . . V.' 


1 


- r 


- f 


V 


\ 

i 


. .-!  I ,-, 

. '"‘V 


.;  . I 

•i  ‘I 


'U'> 

r 

t,7 


;:'I'';;TS',  j' 
' ‘I'f 


i'-  r/ 


* j n Ml  . 


.A 


iuradJU  *t.  ■ \ 

‘jr.vixi  .:■. , .}J-, 
*■  'o-uja  tmm^K 

»il/  ’.  !r  I I ’jlf  ;.*-^A 

liif)  r - 1,  -rrsnA 

»i.  ' ’ ..ii-y  TV 


-•v,* 


•la 


' r • 

in 


ui 


■s  ■>  " 


■—  i » k.  rnK{.*> 

— t7;3»if3£  J 

— W'  -ilij  ’ 

, iy  - 1 • '.■<¥  ' :•  -.■•  V 

X : • ' 

— »•.•!<(!■  tU 

— ■ fchsrii  A.  tntjfi  ~.'J 

— .T'^Vtuq 

r.'i:n'qlc  jT!vjon\|ch  J 

— - rfbi  di  £^10/^1  Jl' 

f 3i}i?r/qrtfie 

— rrriJSsHq  aiViat^z  I > 
ir vfi ui iCDOiiii i » 


.. 


I 


0 


# 


% 


# ' 


$' 


t 


i. 


,s 


» 


