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The  Goods  produced  by  any  of  the  Hardware  Manufacturer* 
Represented  in  this  Publication  can  be  procured  at  the 

Manufacturers*  Lowest  Prices,  by  sending  your 
Orders  to  this  address  : 


P.  O.  Box  2585, 
NEW  YORK. 


REPRESENTING 


QllACKENBUgH,  'J' OWjSgEj^lD  £o., 

HARDWARE  MERCHANTS 

85  CHAMBERS  ST.,  N.  Y., 


<1 


MULTUM  IN  PARVO.” 


A  M  anual  of  Useful  Information, 

OF  ESPECIAL  IMPORTANCE  TO  DEALERS  IN 


HARDWARE,  STOVES  and  TINWAR 


E 


Gas  Fitters’  and  Plumpers’  Materials, 


As  well  as  the  various  Workers  in  the  Useful  Metals, 


•  INCLUDING 

A  NUMBER  OF  ADDITIONAL  PACES,  GIVING  INFORMATION 
OF  A  MORE  GENERAL  CHARACTER. 


Compiled  from  various  source#  by 


V 


1883. 


Eutetwl  according  to  Act  of  Congress  l<y  IIenky  Hopkins  in  Hie  )e;tr  DS8,  in  the 
Office  of  the  Librarian  of  Congress  at  Washington,  1).  C 


-tS*00 

INDEX  TO  ADVERTISERS.  ,,  ^  <^1 


Bridgeport  brass  co  .—Brass  Manufactures . .  51 

BAILEY,  LEONARD  A  CO, — “Victor”  Plane? . 78 

BROWNING,  S1SUYI  A  C  O  .-Cotter  Ke\s  and  Kelt  Hooks .  43 

CLEVELAND  ROLLING  IY1LL  CO. -Iron  and  Wire .  3a 

COLWELL  LEAD  CO  -I-'  •t\d  Pipe  and  Shot. .  Si 

COX,  PARISH  A  UNCER. -Lamp Mind  Glassware .  50 

GOi^NSLLY  A  CO.— Wood  Emrniveis . 118 

CHAT1LLON,  JOHN  A  SONS.— Spring  Balance* . 92 

GHADBORN  A  COLDWELL  MFC.  CO  —Lawn  Mowers .  94 

CHERITON,  T.  F.— ‘‘Auti-Prii  t  on  ”  Hangers . 96 

CORNISH,  W,  H.  A  CO, — Gnidui  Seeds . '114 

DiCKERSGM,  VAN  DUSEN  A  CO. -Metals . 70 

DE  GRAUW,  AYIV5AR  A  CO. -Sliip  Chandlery . 40 

DEJTZ,  A.  E.-F.at  Keyed  Locks . 106 

DOSCHER,  MARTEN .-Bradley’s  Edge  Tools .  60 

FULLER  BROTHERS  A  CO.-Cnt  Nni’s  and  Spikes . . 44 

KPASSE,  PET  R  A.,  A  CO.- -Jew*  ler»’  and  Mechanics’  Tools .  €4 

GROVESTEEN  A  FULLE  R.— Pianos . 12o 

GRAHAM  A  HAINES  . —  Mann  fact  nr<  rs’  Agents . 26 

HOLBROOK  BROTHERS.  —Plate  and  Window  Glass . . . . .  54 

HOPKINS,  HENBY.-U  .rdware . 2d  page  cover 

HUMASON  A  BECKLEY  MFC.  CO.-Pocket  Cutl  ry,  &c . 90 

HENRY  SEYMOUR  C  U  T  L  E  -e  Y  C  O  .-Shears  and  St i  sors . C8 

HARDER,  W!  1 N  ARD.- Threshing  Machines . £8 

HOOPES  A  MERRY.— Galvanized  Iron,  &c . . 78 

HUNDLEY.  V.  C.-Ha.  ■dies  and  Spokes . 110 

IRON  CLAD  MANUFACTURING  CO.  —Galvanized  iron  Ware...  74 

JENNINGS,  C.  ft.,  A  CO.— Mechanics’  Too’s .  23 

KETCHAM,  E.  A  CO  .-Stamp-,  d  'I  in  Ware,  &c . 72 

LANS  A  GALE. -Mu  rd’-*  Axes  and  Tools . 108 

LIVINGSTON  HORSE  NAIL  CO.  — Ilor.-e  Sho.s,  &c  . 52 

LESLEY,  ALEX.  Wl.  A  CO  -Refrig< raiors, . 20 

MILLERS  FALLS  CO.-Wo  «*d  Workers’  Tools . 4th  page  cover 

FI  EW  AMERICAN  F»LE  CO.— Files  and  Hasps .  32 

NORWICH  LOCK  SVIFC.  CO.  — Builders’  hardware .  14 

NORTHAMPTON  CUTLERY  CO.-T.  ble  Cutte-y .  23 

NEW  YORK  STAMPING  C  O  —  4  Acme  ”  Fry  Pans .  66 

PECK,  STOW  A  WILCOX  CO.  — Tim  era’  Mach'nep,  etc . 93 

QUACKENBUSH,  TOWNSEND  A  CO  — Hardwaio  Merchant*..  10 

REMINGTON,  E.  A  SONS.  — Guns  and  Ammunition .  12 

REM  JN CTO  M  AGRICULTURAL  CO.-Plows .  116 

RICHARDSON  BROS.-Savs .  ?4 

ROIVIER  A  CO.— Locks,  Lant-n**,  &c .  76 

R  J  £  SELL  A  ERWSN  MFC.  CO.-H  ardware .  16 

SARGENT  A  C O .—Sprague  Can  Opein rs .  13 

STANLEY  RULE  AND  LEVEL  CO.  — Iron  P.ancs,  &c .  60 

STANLEY  WO  RK  S.—  Wrought  Butts  and  Hinges .  33 

SIS E,  HORACE  F.-Brass  Padlocks .  80 

SMITH,  J  FINLEY. -Brushes . 1...10J 

TF  AVER  3  BROTHERS.  —Ami  rienn  Hammocks .  42 

Tie  bout,  w„  a  j.  —Galvanized  liar  ware .  *6 

UNION  NUT  CO.— Bolts,  Washers4  Ac .  50 

WESTER  VELT,  A.  B.  A  W.  T.-On  amental  Ir* n  Work .  24 

WILEY  A  RUSSELL  WlFC.  CO.-" Lightning ”  Tools .  SO 


/  <W/?/  s 


lo 


PREFACE. 


CK> 
(TO1 


The  necessity  for  a  Handy  B:ok  of  Reference 
similar  to  this  he s  been  manifest  for  a  great 
many  years ;  and  the  knowledge  that  such  a  corn- 
pilation  would  prove  of  undoubtsd  utility,  has 
been  experienced  by  every  dealer  in  the  articles 
to  which  this  wcik  refers. 

It  is  no  doubt  true  that  many  books  have  been 
already  published  which  singly  or  collectively 
contain  nearly  all  the  items  of  information  care¬ 
fully  embodied  in  this;  but  most  of  them  are 
works  of  limited  circulation,  not  readily  cbtaired, 
and  frequently  ccs'.ing  a  price  that  places  them 
beyond  the  reach  of  the  smaller  dealer  who  is 
most  apt  to  need  the  information. 

This  work  has  been  compiled  from  a  mu'titude 
of  sources  with  a  great  degree  of  care;  many 
months  having  been  passed  in  the  congenial  em¬ 
ployment;  and  the  information  herein  contained 
will  be  found  reliable,  and  from  the  scarcily  of 
similar  publications  will,  we  hepe  naturally  rec¬ 
ommend  its  careful  preservation. 


CONTENTS 


S'ne  requ’red  for  Ship’s  Tonnage . 44 

ALLOYS. — Composition  of  various  kind-* . T* 

**  — Specific  gravity  of  “  “  .  T# 

ACCEPTANCES.-Hules  regarding  »h< m . 11 

AMERICAN  GRADES  OF  EM  ERY. -Cloth  and  Paper .  69 

ARTESIAN  WELL  TUBES  —Weight  and  dimensions  of . II 

ANT  IDOTES  for  the  various  Poisons  . 21 

AVOIRDUPOIS  WEIGHT. -Table  of . 25 

APOTHECARIES  “  “  .  25 

AXES,  BENCH.  —Standard  cut  of  eich  No . 109 

-BRASS,  WIRE  .—Weight  of  let*  feet .  65 

KETTLES. — Weight  and  capacity  of  each  size .  68 

44  TUBING  .—Weight  per  foot .  68 

“  SH E  ET.— Heavy,  woiglit  to  square  foot .  6t 

BUTTS,  BRASS.  —Width  when  open  and  screws  required . 69 

“  CAST.  — Screws  required  for  each  siz  > .  f# 

44  WR  OU  CHT.-1 Screws  required  for  each  size .  39 

BOLTS,  MACHINE.— No.  to  100  lbs . 49 

BUILDING  MATERIALS. -Weight  of  per  cubic  foot . 119 

“  “  What  certain  quantities  can  do . 6T 

BUSINESS  LAWS  in  da  ly  use . 9  &  11 

BROKERS'  TECHNICALITIES . 81 

BOILER  TUB  AS.— Lap  welded,  weight  an  t  dimensions . 61 

“  IRON. — Legal  thickness  r  qn:red  and  preseuro  allowed.  . 101 

“  “  We  ght  of,  to  square  foot . 101 

RIVETS  —No.  in  100  pound-* . 101 

BUTCHER  KNIVES  .-Wilson’s,  length  of  each  No . Ill 

BAR  IRON .— P  at,  weight  to  foot . 93 

“  44  Round  and  Square,  weight  to  foot .  80 

4  4  ST E  EL  — Plat,  weight  to  f.»ot . 101 

**  “  Round,  Square  and  Octagon,  weight  to  foot . 104 

144  BRASS.— Weight  to  foot . 61 

44  COPPER.-'1  ‘  61 

BRAZED  COPPER  PIPES. -Wdght  t3  foot . .  6» 

BILLS  OF  EXCHANGE  ex  dalmd .  13 

BOXES. "Capacity  o’,  to  ho  d  spccitb  d  quantities .  6T 

BRAZIERS'  RIVETS.  — No.  in  a  pound . ci 

BLOCKS,  TACKLE  .— Diam.  of  sheave-*  and  size  of  rope  taken . Ill 

.  CROWBARS  . — Weight  and  dimensions  of  e  ich  size . 109 

CIRCULAR  SAWS.— Standard  gauges  and  directions  in  ordering . 81 

COAL  SCREENS.  -Met»h  required  by  dealers . jqj 

COPPER,  SHEET.— Standard  sizes  and  weight  of  each  sho-t  .  59 

4  4  44  Weight  to  square  foot .  gj 

.  44  II  avy,  w«  ight  to  square  foot .  61 

WIRE.— Weight  to  lOOfoct . eg 


tt 


CON  i  ENTS— Continued. 


COPPER  RIVETS  a^d  BURS. — No.  of  each  size  In  pound .  CS 

PIPFS  — Wi  igltl  to  foot .  c>2 

“  TUBING.-  Weight  to  foot . 

CHAIN  COIL  .—Weight  «*f  romn  on  and  Proved  to  foot . 41 

Strength  of  Tf**ted  . 41 

“  GERMAN  , — Wire  emge.  weight  and  strength . .  4t 

CASTERS,  BED  AND  PLATE.— Size  of  wheel*. . Ill 

CUT  NAILS. — Length  and  number  of  each  in  pound . 45 

“  “  Ext  a  cost  of  Special  ri/es .  45 

14  SPIKES  — Number  of  each  in  a  keg . 45 

T AC  KS.  ~  Length  and  nu.-.ibi  r  of  each  in  pound . 45 

CORDAGE  . — Number  of  pounds  to  the  foot . 50 

Approximate  weight  and  strength .  G® 

COTTERS,  SPRING.  — Siz.-s  dimensions  and  n9es  of  each . 43 

CROSS  TIES  — Number  r<  quire<l  to  mile  of  track .  . 10$. 

CO  PARTN  E  RSH  I  PS. — Legal  requirements  of . . .  15 

CAPS,  PERCUSSION.— El  y’s  *‘  E.  B.”  Consecutive  numbering . lll- 

CORUNDUM  . — Grades  of  fineness  of  ea'  h  number .  6® 

CAPACITY  OP  FREIGHT  CARS . 103- 

CISTERNS  Dimens  one  and  capacity  of,  in  g  .Lous .  67 

CUBIC  MEASURE. -Table  of . r .  27 

CEMENT. — To  harden  quickly . 89 

“  For  leather  belting . 89 

CONDUCTORS  and  non-conductors,  Telegraphic . 7t 

DRAIN  PIPE.— Practical  rule  for  laying . 89 

DRAWN  TUBING,  Seamless,  weight  to  foot  . .  .  Gi 

DRY  MEASURE.— Table  of . — . 27 

DRAFTS  AND  ACCEPTANCES.  — Rules  regarding  them .  13- 

EMERY.  — Grade  of  fineness  of  e  idi  No. . .  09 

PAPER  AND  CLOTH.— Comparative  grading . 69 

EXCHANGE,  FOREIGN  -Vain.- of  expUued .  li 

FILES  . — Standard  Jen.th,  width  and  thickness .  Si 

FRY  PANS.— Dimensions  of  ^ach  No . 113. 

FREIGHT  CARS. -Capacity  of .  101 

FENCE  POSTS-  — How  to  prepare . 89 

GAUGES,  WIRE  . — American  and  Englis  .  compared . 10  ft 

“  “  STUBS’  expressed  in  parts  of  an  inch .  C9 

GRINDSTONES.—  —How  io  obtain  the  weight  of . 43 

GERM  A  Pi  COIL  CHAIN.— Wire  Gauge,  and  wtight  to  100  feet .  41 

CAS  PIPE,  WELDED.  — Weight  and  dimeus.ons  of .  85 

GUN  GUAGE,  ENGLISH.  —Expressed  iu  fractions  of  an  inch . Ill 

HOsfSE  i  HOES.—  A  eiglit  of  each  size . f  3 

“  SHOE  NAILS.-  Li  ngth  and  number  in  a  pound  of  each  siz8..  53 

HATCHETS.  — Standard  length  of  cut  of  each  No . 109- 

HEAT  EFFECTS  on  various  b  idies . . .  . 107 

HATTERS’  SIZES. -Table of . til 

HINGES,  STRAP  AND  T.-Szj*  of  Screws  required .  89 

k  k  *  *  Weight  to  dozen  of  Heavy  *- izes .  ....  89 

HOOP  IRON.  — Number  of  feet  in  Bundle . . 5*1 

INTEREST  TABLE  . — At  6  per  cent .  15 

“  RULES.-  For  various  percentage* .  17 

INCOME  FROM  INVESTMENTS  at  various  Costs .  17 

ICE,  STRENGTH  OF,  ut  various  tl.icknoesci? . . .  &£ 


6  CONTENTS— Continued. 


4  i 
« 
t  < 
«  ( 
<( 


IROW,  VALUE  TO  TON.  at  10th*  of  a  cent  vaiia  ion . 91 

FLAT.-Weig  lit  tj  ruiming  foot . 93  &  9* 

ROUTED  “  “  “  . »T 

SQUARE  “  “  “  .  »5 

SHEET  AND  PLATE  weight  t  j  square  foot . 10® 

RUSSIA  jind  pjr  Sheet....  T9 

“  Wire  Gauge  and  number  compa’e  I .  T9 

AMERICA*  “  w.ifhtand  i  es  in  onrroi  t  use.. 105 

CJ  \  L  V  A  N  \Z,  £  3  weight  p  ;r  <.hc  ;t  and  squ  in*  f  »ot . SI 

“  Price  per  pqu  ire  ft  at  vatioiH  diects..  81 

SOSLER.  —Legal  thieknes*  and  prefsare  required . 101 

4*  Weight  to  square  loot . 101 

BAND. — Number  of  feet  in  Bundle . 99 

FLAT.—  “  “  “  . 9T 

HOOP  AND  SCROLL.  —Number  of  fett  in  Bund  o . 9t 

ROUND  AND  SQUARE.—  “  “  . M 

TIRE,  3N  SETS.— Numbe.  of  pannd- in  64  feet . 47 

RAILS.— Am  'u:it  reqi’r  id  for  mile  of  track . 105 

WiRE.— G  m_;e,  Diame  er  and  Breaking  Strain . 87 

**  Length  it;  a  Bundle,  and  1  cwt . 87 

Weight  of  103  yard.*  and  t  mile . 87 

Sixes  expressed  in  fractions  of  jid  inch .  37 

KEYS,  SPR/WG. — Dimensions  and  applications . . . 49 

KETTLES,  BRASS.  — "Weight  and  capacity  c£ . 05 

LEAD  P  j  PE.— Sranrtaid  weights  of .  . ’ . v5 

“  SHEET.  — Weights  to  squire  foot  mana'aotured .  79 

LAWS,  BUSIN  ESS. —In  every  day  use . 8  &  9 

LAP  WELDED  TUBES.  — S  zjK  and  dimensions  ot . 85 

LIST  OF  STAND  A  ROLTH  i?E  ADS,  on  Bolts  and  Nut* . SI 

LONG  SVSEASURE.-iabe  of . . .  25 

LINEAL  03  S  JRVEYORS’  MEASURE  .—Table  of .  25 

LIQUID  MEASURE  .—Table  of . *7 

LIGHTNING  ROD  TUBES.— Weight  of  Copper  and  Zinc  to  foot . 62 

IVIETAL  SUP  PL  \  ES.— 1 Quantities  in  which  they  are  sold .  83 

METALS  . — Tensile  strength  and  resistance  of .  71 

Weight  of  per  cubic  in"b  and  foot .  TO 

Relative  malleabiii  y  of .  71 

Specific  resistances  of, .  71 

gravity  of . 70 

METRIC  SYSTEM,  of  weights  and  measures .  29 

l\fl GLASSES  CATES  ,  —  Diameter  and  bore  of  each  number . Ill 

IVDLL  SAWS. — Standard  gunges  in  inches .  55 


t  L 

a 

a 

4  * 

4  i 
6  i 
4  6 

%  I 
4  * 
4  C 

44 
4  i 
4  ( 
44 
4  t 
4  ft 
4  b 
4  4 
44 
ft  ft 
4  ft 


4  4 
4  ft 


ft  t 
4  ft 
4  < 

4  ft 


MAS* ORELS,  CIRCULAR  SAW.  — Standard  sixes .  35 

MATERIALS,  V  AR 1 0  ’J  3.— Weight  of,  per  cubic  foot . 119 

Specific  gravity  of . 119 

MACHINE.  BOLTS.— No.  1o  100  pound- .  . . 49 

MEASURES  OF  CAPACITY.-  -Dimensh  ns  of  Base-*,  etc . 8T 

NA  LSy  CUT.— I  ’rices  of  ,-di  Extras  above  lOd.  rate . 45 

AND  SPIKES  .—No.  of  each  to  pound  or  keg . 45 

HORSE  SHOE. — hawbtrd  lengths  and  No.  in  pound . 63 

NUTS,  WROUGHT  . — Dimension*  of-  all  regn  ar  sizes .  51 

Iso.  of  each  size  in  keg .  ; .  51 

OVAL  SLIDE  VISES. — Size  of  Screws  weight  and  b  ngth  of  Jaw* . its 


CONTENTS— Continued,  7 

OIL  WELL  CAS^N  G.  — Standard  sizes  and  weight . 8G 

POI'OWi  AND  THEIR  ANTIDOTES . 23 

PICKS,  f?.  R.  AND  Wl  IN  ? N C.-Stunda  d  Weights  of . 103 

POPULATION  OF  STATES  and  Te>  ritories — 18S0 . .  t\ 

“  PR  INC  PAL  CITIES -isso . 21 

PLATE  IRON.  — Weij-lit  to  squ  ire  foot . lo# 

PLANTS  . — No  1 1  Acre  p’aced  at.  state  I  distanc*  s  . . 117 

PLATES  ~I  ion,  Steel,  Copper,  and  Brass — Wiight  to square  foot . 67 

TIN.  Wir*'g.ug  ,  w<ight,  name,  etc . 73 

PIPE,  LEAD,  ANDTiN  LINE  D.— Standard  weights  of . S3 

CAS  WELQED.-W  i;hr  »nd  dim  a  sions  of . SC 

PUTTY  . — Recip  s  to  make  Painters’  and  Glaziers’ . 83 

Ho  v  to  soft<  n  and  remove . 83 

QUANTITIES.— A  Table  of . 2T> 

RULES  TO  BE  OBSERVED.—!"  ord  -rug  M-  tal?  cr  Wire . 69 

“  i  4  44  Iu  temp- ring  Steel . 107 

“  *  4  4  4  In  computing  Slates  T-r  Roofing. . ..  S3 

44  1::  ordering  Ci  -cu];  rSawe . S5 

4<  4  4  4  4  In  laying  Drain  P.pe . 89 

RAILS.  SPLICES  AND  BOLTS  Required  per  mile  of  Track . 103 

RIVETS  AND  BURS,  COPPER.  — No.  of  each  in  a  pound . 63 

“  BOILED,  44  BURDENS.”  — No.  of  each  ?ize  in  a  keg . 101 

RAILROAD  SPIKES.— No.  of  each  size  in  100  pounds . 47 

RUSSIA  SHEET  IRON.  — Wire  gauge,  No.  and  weight  to  sheet . 79 

RODS,  STEEL,  “STUBS."  —No?,  expressed  in  divisions  of  an  inch. 112 

ROOFING  SLATE.  —Si/e  of,  and  No.  to  a  square . 83 

“  TIN.— Cost  of,  with  14x20  Tin. . 75 

4  4  4  4  “  “  20x28  Tin . 71 

ROPE,  MANILA.-  weight  per  103  fathom? . CO 

“  44  “  of  tarred  and  hawser  luid . 60 

44  44  No.  of  feet  to  a  pound  of  each  size . 60 

4  4  4  4  Breaking  strength  of  each  size . 60 

RAILWAY  SIGN  ALS.— A  System  of,  in  general  use . 81 

RESERVOIRS.  — Dimensions  and  Capacity  of  each  in  gallons . 87 

RUSTY  BOLTS.  —IIow  to  remove  easily . 89 

SASH  WEIGHTS  -L  ength  and  thickness  of  each  size . 67 

SAWS,  CIRCULAR  AND  MILL  . — Standard  gauges  «  f  each .  35 

“  “  44  Directions  for  ordering . 85 

SHE  IT  IRON.  — Weight  to  square  foot . . . . . 100 

44  44  N<  s.  and  weigl  t?  in  common  use . 105 

44  “  GALVANIZED.  — Price  at  list  and  discounted . 79 

44  2L  \  NC. — Weight  to  sheet  and  square  foot . 79 

44  COPPER.— Weight  per  square  ft.,  and  thickness  by  Eng.  gu^c  49 

44  “  of  each  sheet .  . . 49 

4  4  4  4  AND  BRASS.-  Heavy,  we'ght  in  pounds . .  61 

ST  RAP  AND  T  HiN  GES — Weight  of  heavy  s  zes  to  dozen . 33 

44  4  4  4  4  Sizes  of  screws  required.. .  39 

SPRING  COTTERS  AND  KEYS  . — Size  "and  dimensions  of . 49 

SPIKES,  CUT.  —No.  of  each  size  in  a  keg . 45 

44  BOAT  AND  SHIP.— No.  of  each  size  in  a  k‘g . 47 

SEED.—1 Quantity  nsu  illy  sown  to  an  ace . 115 

44  “  required  for  given  No.  of  plants . 115 

SHOT,  DROP  AND  SUCK.  —Standard  sizes  and  No.  in  an  ounce....  35 


8 


CONTENTS— Continued. 


SKATES  . — Sizes  in  inches  compared  with  Shoe  sizes . Ill 

STEEL,  BAR.  —Round,  Square,  ami  Octagon,  weight  to  foot . 1W 

“  “  FLAT.— Weight  to  foot . 105 

44  WIRE  .—Weight  to  100  feet . 65 

“  “  RODS.  —Nos.  •  xpressed  in  parts  of  an  inch .  30 

“  CROWBARS.  —Weight  and  dimensions  of . ltd 

SCREENS,  COAL.  —Sizes  of  Mesh  required . lid 

SIGNALS.  RAILWAY.— The  current  system  of . 21 

SURVEYING  (L  NEAL)  M  e ASU R E .-Table  of .  25 

SQUARE  ME  ASU  RE. -Tabic  of .  27 

SOLID  BOX  VISES.  — L<  ngth  of  Jaws  of  each  size . 113 

SLATE  ROOFING  . — Rule  to  compu  e  it . 83 

SCROLL  IRON.— No.  of  feet  in  a  bundle . dl 

TACKS,  CUT.  —No  of  each  ske  in  a  pound . 45 

TACKLE  BLOCKS.  — Size  of  Sheaves  and  Rope  required  for  each . 113 

THREADS,  STANDARD  .— Li-t  of,  for  Bolts  and  Nuts . 51 

TEMPERING  STEEL.  — Rules  to  be  observed . 107 

TREES.  — No.  to  the  acre  p’aced  at  stated  distances . 117 

TIN  PLATES  .—Standard  kind**  and  si/es .  67 

4  4  4  4  Weight,  Wire  gauge,  and  No.  of  Sheets  In  a  bax. .  67 

“  ROOFING.  — Cost  per  square,  at  various  rates  per  box . 75,  and  77 

TA^KS,  IRON  . — Dimensions  and  contents  of  various  sizes .  87 

TIN  LINED  PIPE.  — Standard  sizes  of . . . 85 

TIRE  IRON.— Weight  per  set  of  each  size . 47 

TECHNICALITIES,  BROKERS,  explained .  31 

TROY  WEIGHT. -Table  of .  24 

TUBES,  BOILER.— Weight  and  dimensit  ns  of .  86 

ARTESIAN  WELL.— Weight  and  dimensions  if . 86 

VALUE  OF  IRON.-To  the  'i  on  at  a  given  j  rice  per  pound .  dl 

“  BY  THE  PIECE  of  Articles  at  a  given  price  per  dozen . Id 

VELOCITY  AND  FORCE  of  the  wind . 113 

VISES,  OVAL  SLID  E.— Weight, ‘s'ze  of  Screws  rnd  Ungth  of  Jaws _ 113 

SOLID  BOX.— Weight  and  length  of  Jaws . 113 

WASH  E  RS.— Standard  sizes  ami  No.  of  eacli  in  a  keg . 53 

WOOD  FOR  FUE  L.— Comparative  me*  its  of  various  kinds . 57 

WINDOW  GLASS.-No.  of  panes  in  box  of  etch  size .  55 

WILSON’S  BUTCHER  KNIVES. -Length  of  each  No . Ill 

WORKSHOP  RECIPES  o  court  niencts  and  utility .  89 

WEIGHT  TO  A  CUBIC  FOOT  of  various  Metals  and  Allojs .  70 

4  4  4  4  44  “  Building  Materials . 119 

WIRE,  BRASS.— Weight  to  100  feet,  in  pounds . . . C5 

44  COPPER.- “  “  “  . i .  65 

“  STEEL.-  44  “  “  .  65 

4  4  4  4  Weight  of  lf,0  feet  inpounds .  65 

44  IRON. — Sizes  ly  W.  G  ,  expressed  in  decimals  of  an  inch . 112 

WIRE  GAUGES.  English  and  American  compared . 104 

WElCHTSANDWlkASU  RES.— Com:  lete  tat  1  s  of . 26  and  27 

4  4  4  4  The  Metric  Syst  m  of . 29 

WRENCHES,  “COE’S  .’’  —  S'ze  of  Nut  taken  by  each  length . 109 

WEIGHTS  TO  MEASURE  oil’  loduce  established  by  Jaw....... . 117 

WIND,  TH  E.— Veloc  tv  and  force  of . 115 

ZINC,  SHEET.— Wire  G  iugf,  No.  ami  weight  to  Sheet .  79 

44  TUBING.-Weig  ht  per  foot .  63 


HOPKINS'  HANDY  NOTES  AND  QUERIES 


D 


BUSINESS  LAW  IN  BALLY  USE. 

Tha  following  compilation  of  business  law  contains  the  essence 
of  a  large  amount  of  legal  verbage  : 

If  a  noto  is  lost  or  stolen,  it  does  not  release  the  maker ;  ho 
must  pay  it,  if  the  consideration  for  which  it  was  given  and  the 
amount  can  be  proven. 

Note i  bear  intei*est  only  when  so  stated. 

Princ;pali  ar)  responsible  for  the  acts  of  their  agents.  . 

Each  individual  in  a  partnership  is  responsible  for  the  whole 
amount  ef  the  debts  cf  the  firm,  except  in  cases  cf  special  part* 
ut  rship. 

Ignorance  of  the  law  excuses  no  one. 

The  law  compels  no  one  to  do  impossibilities. 

An  agreement  without  consideration  is  void. 

A  note  made  on  Sunday  is  void. 

Contracts  made  on  Sunday  cannot  be  enforced. 

A  note  by  a  minor  is  void. 

A  contract  made  with  a  minor  is  void. 

A  contract  made  with  a  lunatic  is  void. 

A  note  obtained  by  fraud,  or  from  a  person  in  a  state  of  Intox¬ 
ication,  cannot  be  collected. 

It  is  a  fraud  to  conceal  a  fraud. 

Signatures  made  with  a  1  ad  pencil  are  good  in  law. 

A  receipt  for  money  is  not  always  conclusive. 

The  acts  of  one  partner  bind  nil  the  rest. 

**  Value  received  ”  i  usually  written  iu  a  note,  and  should  be, 
but  is  not  necessary.  If  not  written  it  is  presumed  by  the  law, 
or  may  be  supplit  d  by  proof. 

The  maker  of  an  “  accommodation  ”  bill  or  note  (ono  for 
which  he  has  received  no  consideration,  having  lent  his  name  or 
credit  for  the  accommodation  of  the  holder)  is  not  bound  to  the 
pars  n  accommodated,  but  is  bound  to  all  o  her  parties,  precisely 
us  if  there  was  a  good  consideration. 

No  consideration  is  sufficient  in  law  if  it  be  illegal  in  its  na¬ 
ture. 

Checks  or  draf  s  must  bo  presented  for  payment  without  un-  i 
reasonable  delay. 

Checks  or  drafts  should  be  presented  during  business  hours, 
but  in  this  country,  except  iu  tfio  case  of  banks,  the  time  extends  . 
through  the  diy  and  evening. 

If  thi  drawee  of  a  check  or  draft  has  changed  his  residence, 
th  i  holder  must  use  due  or  reasonable  diligence  to  fiud  him. 

If  ouo  who  holds  a  check  a  -i  payee  cr  otherwise,  transfers  it  to 
another,  h  >  has  a  right  to  insist  that  th  i  check  bo  presented  that 
day,  or,  at  farthest,  on  the  following  day. 

A  note  indorsed  in  blank  (the  name  of  the  indorser  only  writ- 
ton)  is  transferable  by  delivery,  the  same  as  if  made  payable  to 
be  arer. 

If  the  t.’mo  of  payment  of  a  note  is  not  inserted,  it  is  held  pay¬ 
able  on  demand. 


(See  their  Advertisement  on  page  14.) 


DEPOT  FOR 


ekver 


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■  1ST E W  YORK. 


HOPKINS’  HANDY  NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


t  i 


!  BUSINESS  LAW  IN  DAILY  USE. --Continued. 

The  f  .mo  of  payment  cf  a  rote  mnct  ret  depend  upon  a  con- 
tiugene'-.  The  promise  mmt  be  al>clutc. 

#  A  bill  may  be  written  upon  any  paper,  or  substitute  for  it, 
either  with  ink  or  p-  nciJ. 

The  payee  should  bo  distinctly  named  in  the  note,  unless  it  io 
paa  able  to  bearer. 

.An  indorsee  lias  a  r'ght  of  action  against  all  whose  names  wero 
•  on  the  bill  when  he  received  it. 

If  the  letter  containing  a  protest  of  non-payment  bo  put  info 
the  post  office,  any  miscarriage  does  not  affect  the  party  giving 
!  notice. 

Notice  cf  protest  may  bo  rent  either  to  the  place  cf  business  cr 
of  residence  of  tho  party  notifft  d. 

The  L  1-der  of  a  uote  may  give  notice  cf  pretest  either  to  all 
the  previous  indorsers  or  only  to  one  of  them;  in  case  of  tho 
hitter  he  must  select  the  last  indorser,  and  the  last  must  give  no¬ 
tice  to  tho  last  before  him,  and  so  on.  Each  indorser  must  send 
notice  the  same  day  or  the  day  following.  Neither  Sunday  or 
legal  hoi  day  is  to  be  counted  in  reckoning  the  time  in  which 
notice  is  to  bo  given. 

Tho  loss  of  a  bill  or  note  is  not  suffie’ent  ezeuse  fer  net  giving 
notice  of  protest. 

If  two  cr  more  persons  as  partners  are  jointly  liable  on  a  noto 
or  bill,  due  notice  to  one  of  the  n  is  sufficient. 

If  a  note  or  bill  is  transfer*  d  as  security,  or  even  as  payment 
of  a  pi'e-existing  de  bt,  the  debt  revives  if  the  bill  or  note  be  dis¬ 
honored. 

An  indorsement  may  bo  written  on  the  face  or  back. 

An  indorser  may  prevent  his  own  liability  to  be  sued  by  wri¬ 
ting  “  without  recourse,”  or  similar  w’ords. 

All  claims  which  do  not  rest  upon  a  seal  or  judgment  must  bo 
sued  within  six  years  from  the  time  when  they  arise. 

Part  payment  of  a  debt  which  has  passed  the  time  of  statutory 
limitation  revives  the  whole  debt,  and  the  claim  holds  good  fer 
another  period  of  six  years  from  tho  dato  cf  such  partial  pay¬ 
ment. 

A  verbal  promise  to  pay,  made  without  condition,  is  generally 
held  as  sufficient  to  revive  a  claim  otherwise  shut  out  by  the  law 
of  limitation. 

If,  when  a  debt  is  duo,  tho  debtor  is  out  of  the  State,  the  “six 
years”  do  not  begin  to  run  until  lie  returns.  If  he  afterward 
Navo  tho  State,  the  time  forward  counts  tho  same  as  if  be  re¬ 
mained  in  tho  State. 

An  oral  agreement  must  be  proved  1  y  evidence.  A  written 
agreement  proves  itself.  The  law  prefers  written  to  oral  evi- 
d  nc3  because  of  its  precision. 

No  evidenco  may  be  introduced  to  contradict  or  vary  a  written 
contract ;  but  it  may  be  received  in  order  to  explain  it,  when 
such  contract  is  in  need  of  explanation. 


T 


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> 

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*•( 


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E.  REMINGTON  &  SONS, 

MANUFACTURERS  07 

i 

MILITARY,  SPOTTING,  HUNTING  AND  TAEGLT 


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LOADING  IMPLEMENTS,  EIPLE  CANES,  &o. 


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281  and  283  Broadway, 


B.  O,  Box  29S7. 


NEW  YORK. 


r= 


HOPXINS'  handy  notes  and  queries 


(3 


Bills  of  Exchange,  Drafts,  Acceptances. 

A  Till]  rf  Exchange  or  Draff,  is  an  order  drawn  by  one  person  or  firm  muon 
'  an '.tlit r,  payab'e  either  at  eight  or  at  a  staled  future  time. 

J_t  l  ec<  mes  hu  **  Acceptance  ”  v  hen  the  party  upon  whom  it  is  drawn 
s  across!  hi  fare  “Accepted,”  and  signs  his  name  then  to,  aid  is  ne¬ 
gotiable  and  bank  l  ie  the  same  as  a  note,  and  subject  to  the  same  laws. 

Jn  many  States  both  Sight  and  Time  drafts  >  re  entitled  to  i:.rce  da\ s  i  race, 
the  same  as  not.  a;  but  if  made  in  10  m  of  a  bank  check,  ‘  pay  to,”  without 
the  wo  ds  ‘-at  sight  ”  it  is  payabl ;  on  presentation  withe  ntgiace. 

Demand  Notes  arc  payable  *  n  presentation  without  g  ace,  unci  h'-ar  Dral 
interest,  after  a  cl  mand  l  as  been  trade,  if  not  so  writtc  n.  Ancndorscrcn 
a  demand  note  is  ho  den  only  for  a  limited  time,  variable  in  different  States. 

A  Negotiable  Note  must  he  made  payable  either  to  beivc  r.  e  r  be  prop-rly 
endorsed  by  fie  person  to  wln^e  order  P  is  made.  If  tie  endorser  wishes 
t o  av  id  responsib  lity,  1  e  <  an  c  ndorse  *•  without  recourse.  ” 

A  Joint  Note  is  one  signed  by  two  or  more  persons,  who  each  bccoir.o 
liable  for  the  w^o'e  amount. 

M  hree  Days’  Gr  ice  am  >  l  owed  on  all  time  n^tes,  after  fbo  time  for  pay¬ 
ment  c  xpires ;  if  i  ot  then  paid,  the  endorser,  if  any,  should  le  leiL.l / 
notified,  t  j  be  holden. 

j  Foreign  Exchange,  Talue  of  U.  S.  Coins,  etc. 

Thevalm  of  One  round  Striding  or  an  Engl’sh  Sovereign,  coropa~ed  wifi 
old  IT  S.  «  oins  is  ?t.444,  but  Cot  gre  s  ha*,  irom  time  to  lime,  i educed  the 
weight  ai  d  purity  of  U.  S.  coins,  makiugthei  -  value  as  im  tala  less  than  th.  ir 
value  as  coins,  and  has  c  staMi-hod  the  present  legal  value  of  a  Pound  Ster¬ 
ling  at  £4.84.  Exchange  i*  ba*ed  on  t^e  old  c  r  nominal  vainc  ot’  a  Pout  d, 
so  that  when  e  xchange  is  sai  l  to  b  ;  at  9  per  cent,  premium,  it  is  then  at  j  ar 
vain-’ ;  when  below  1)  per  cent.,  it  is  b„low  par ;  and  wLu  above  0  ecr  cent. , 
above  par,  etc. 

Copartnerships. 

Pa-tner^hips  may  bn  ci‘her  general  or  special.  In  general  pa-tneri-hips, 
DKimy  invested  cease*  to  be  individual  ]  roperty.  Each  member  i  nnde 
ner-ona  ly  liabl  s  for  the  whole  amount  of  debts  incurred  by  the  company. 
The  company  is  liable  for  all  contracts  or  cbl.gations  made  by  individual 
members. 

Special  Partners  f  re  r  ot  liable  beyond  thrt  amonnt  contributed. 

A  person  may  become  a  partnei  by  allowing  peop'e  gene  ally  to  presume 
that  lie  is  ore,  as,  by  having  kis  name  on  the  sign,  or  parcels,  or  in  the  bills 
u  edinthebu*ine*s. 

A  share  or  t  pecific  interest  in  the  p'olfs  o-  Ps*  of  a  business,  as  remuner¬ 
ation  for  labor,  may  invob  e  one  in  the  liability  of  a  partnei. 

In  case  of  bankruptcy,  the  jo'nt  estate  is  fi  st  app'i  d  to  the  payment  r  f 
partnership  d  bts,  the  surplus  only  going  to  the  creditors  of  the  iudixidual 
esate. 

A  D’ss-.’nf 'on  r  f  partnership  may  take  place  under  express  stipulations  in 
f  e  articles  of  agreement.  by  mutual  consent,  by  the  death  or  insani  y  of 
|  one  of  the  firm,  byawaidof  arbitrators,  or  by  court  of  equity  in  cases  of 
mi-conduct  of  some  memner  <  f  'he  firm 

A  p  .niter  signing  his  indiv  dual  n  me  to  negofable  paper,  which  i*  for 
fie  me  of  the  partnership  fl-m,  binds  a  1  the  partners  th'  re>  y.  Nogo'it- 
ble  paper  of  the  thm,  even  though  given  on  private  account  by  rno  <  f  the 
}>  irtners,  will  hold  a  1  th'*  i  artnersof  the  firm  when  it  parses  into  the  Lands 
of  holders  -.vho  are  ignorant  of  the  fact  at  ten  dug  its  creation. 

Partnership  effect*  may  be  bought  and  soil  by  a  parin'  r;  henrymekn 
contracts ;  n  ay  receive  m  >rty ;  endorse,  draw,  and  accept  1  i'is  r  i  d  r  oes  ; 
n  ui  white  this  may  be  for  hs  own  private  account,  if  it  apparent  Iv  l  e  f>  r 
the  nse  of  the  firm,  hi*  par. ntrs  will  be  boui  d  l  y  his  i  ction,  provided  1  ho 
pariies  dealing  wi  ll  him  were  ignorant,  of  the  transaction  I  eii  g  on  his 
pr-vute  account;  and  thus  r  p-e^entation  or  misrepres  ntatior.  or  a  pnr- 
)  er.  havl-  g  rJatmn  to  busimssof  tin  firm,  w..l  Lind  the  members  in  the 
partners- h'p. 

j ii  rape  of  Death,  the  surviving  partners  must  account  to  the  representa¬ 
tives  of  the  duxased. 


ITCmWXCU,  CoM.ru,  XT-  3.  A., 

MANUFACTURERS  OF 


Of  every  description. 


BRONZE  HARDWARE, 

A  fad  and  extensive  line  in  all  the  popular  styles  of  elaborate  design 

and  perfect  finish. 


BRASS  AMO  BRONZED  PAOLOOKS, 

In  rew  rnd  sileable  pattern*. 

CAST  AND  WROUGHT  IRON  PADLOCKS, 

Wdh  Malleable  or  1  lat  b'teel  Kty«. 

OUST  STEEL.  WARRANTED  SHEARS, 

Of  unsurpassed  quality. 

And  a  large  and  constantly  increasing  line  of 


BUILDERS’  HARDWARE. 


Including  all  the  latest  styles,  and  consisting  of 


Dronzcd  and  Solid  Jironze  Door  Dntts  anil  Handles, 
Sash  Dulls,  Shutter  liars.  Sash  Lifts .  Drawer  Dulls, 
Door  Dolts,  Cupboard  Turns,  and 
Scree'll  Door  Catches, 

For  any  or  all  of  which  criers  are  respectfully  solicited. 


•H  O  "  N3  ’  HANDY  NOTES  ANO  QUERIES.  J3 

$ 

INTEREST  TABLE.  1 

Six  Per  C <:4*t.  i 


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55 

5  50 

55 

00 

1  Year . 

612 

18  2430.36  42 

i  1  '  * 

48,54 

60.6  00 

60 

CO 

NEW  YORK, 

NEW  BRITAIN,  CONN., 

'  PHILADELPHIA,  PA., 

BALTIMORE,  MD.( 

1  -rsrr-  ■  ... 

Manufacturers  of 


Machine  Screws,  Coach  Screws, 

. nwmmrmt  mw  iwkm  if  —  -mm  Min  w r— — ^ *mamm*m*rn* 


STOVE  BOLTS,  TIRE  BOLTS, 


RIVETS,  &c. 


HOPKBNS'  HANDY  NOTES  AND  QUERIES 


17 


Rate  of  Annual  Income  of  Investments, 

PAJi  YAIA7E  BEING  $100,  BEVKING  INTEREST  AT 


Price  paid. 

5# 

a 

! 

j  7# 

8$ 

10# 

$50 

lO.OO 

12.00 

14.00 

16.00 

20.00 

55 

9.09 

10.90 

12.72 

1  i .  55 

18.18 

60 

8.33 

10.00 

11.66 

13.33 

16.66 

65 

7.69 

9 . 23 

10.76 

12.30 

15.38 

70 

7.14 

8.57 

10.00 

11.42 

14.28 

75 

6.66 

8.00 

9.33 

10.66 

13.35 

80 

6.25 

7  50 

8.75 

iO.OO 

12.50 

82. j 

6.06 

7.27 

8.48 

9.69 

11.12 

85 

5.88 

7.05 

8.23 

9.41 

11.76 

87i 

5.71 

6.85 

8.00 

9.14 

11.42 

90 

5 . 55 

6 . 66 

7  77 

8.88 

11.11 

92£ 

5.40 

6.48 

7.56 

8.64 

10.80 

95 

5.26 

6.31 

7.36 

8.42 

10  52 

96 

5.20 

6.25 

7.29 

8.33 

10.41 

97 

5.15 

6.18 

7.21 

8.24 

10.30 

9 1  -h 

5.12 

6.15 

7.17 

8.20 

10.25 

98 

5.10 

6.12 

7.14 

8.16 

10.20 

99 

5.05 

6.06 

7.07 

8.08 

10.10 

100 

5.00 

6.00 

7.00 

8.00 

10.00 

101 

4.95 

5.94 

6.93 

7.92 

9.90 

102 

4.90 

5.88 

6  86 

7.84 

9.80 

ioa 

4.85 

5.82 

6.79 

7.76 

9.70 

104 

4.80 

5.76 

6.73 

7.69 

9.61 

105 

4.76 

5.71 

6.66 

7.61 

9.52 

110 

4.54 

5.45 

6.36 

7.27 

9.09 

115 

4.34 

5.21 

6.08 

6.95 

8.69 

120 

4.16 

5.00 

5.83 

6.66 

8.33 

125 

4.00 

4.80 

5.60 

6.40 

8.00 

130 

3.84 

4.61 

5.38 

6.15 

7.69 

135 

3.70 

4.44 

5.18 

5  92 

7.40 

140 

3.57 

4.28 

5.00 

5.71 

7.14 

145 

3.44 

4.13 

4.82 

5.51 

6.89 

150 

3.33 

4.00 

4.66 

5.33  1 

6.66 

-  Interest  Rules. 

Fouk  Pan  Cent.— Multiply  the  principal  by  the  number  of  days  to  run  ; 
separate  the  right  hand  figure  from  product,  and  divide  by  fi. 

Five  Per  Cent.— Multiply  by  number  of  days,  and  divide  by  72 

Six  Per  Cent. — Multiply  by  number  of  days  ;  separate  right  hand  figure, 
and  divide  by  6. 

Seven  and  Three-Tenths  Per  Cent.— Multiply  by  number  of  days, 
and  double  the  amount  so  obtained.  On  $100  the  interest  is  just  two  cents 
p  *r  day. 

Eight  Per  Cent. — Multiply  by  number  of  days,  and  divide  bv  46. 

Nine  Per  Cent. — Multiply  by  number  of  days;  separate  right  1  ^id  fig- 
u  v,  and  divide  by  4. 

Ten  Per  Cent. — Multiply  by  number  of  days,  and  divide  by  3fi.  ^ 

Twelve  Per  Cent. — Multiply  by  number  of  days;  separate  right  hand 
figure,  and  divide  by  U. 


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HOPKINSMHANDY  NOTES  AND  QUERIES.  19 


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ZERO  REFRIGERATOR. 


Eor  Warming 


Pnic  and  Private  Bmlfflnp. 

DURABLE,  POWERFUL, 


ECONOMICAL. 


FREE  FROM  GAS. 

Diploma  given  by  the  American  In¬ 
stitute,  1881  and  1882. 

ALEX.  M.  LESLEY)  Manufacturer, 

1343  Broadway,  bet  35th  &  3^th  Sts., 

new  ■Y'onxr. 


With  WATER ,  WINE  and  MILK  COOLER. 
The  Best  Meats  f  ruit  and  Ice  Keeper  in  the  World. 
MAINTAINS  THE  PRE-EMINENCE. 
40,000  Sold. 

Grand  Award  of  Merit  by  Centennial  Exhibition. 

THADE  SUPPLIED.  SEND  FOR  CATALOGUE. 

ROTUNDA  FURNACE, 


HOPK5NS’  HANDY  NOTES  AND  QUERIES 


21 


Population  of  the  United  States. 

CENSUS  OF  1890. 

. 

Alabama . . .  .„ 

Ohio . 

Arkansas . 

Oregon . 

California . 

Pennsylvania . 

Colorado . 

Rhode'  Island . . . 

Connecticut . 

South  Carolina . 

.  995,706 

Delaware . . 

Tennessee . 

..1,542,463 

Florida . , , . . 

Texas. . 

Georgia . 

Vermont . 

Illinois . 

Virginia . 

.1,512,263 

Indiana . . . . 

West  Virginia . 

Iowa . 

Wisconsin . 

•••«•••••«  •••••*•• 

. . .  995,335 

Kentucky . . . 

Total  States . 

49,869,965 

Louisiana . 

THE  TERRITORIES. 

Maine  . . 

Alaska . 

Maryland . . 

Arizona .  . . 

Massachusetts . . . 

...1,783,086 

Dakota . 

.  134,502 

Michigan . 

. . .  1,63-1,696 

Dist.  of  Columbia . 

.  lti ,633 

Minnesota . 

. . .  780,807 

Idaho . 

.  32.61 1 

Mississippi  . . 

...1,131,899 

Montana. . . 

.  39.157 

Missouri . 

New  Mexico . 

.  118,430 

Nebraska . 

...  452.432 

Utah . 

143,907 

Nevada. . 

62,265 

Wash  ington . . . 

. .  75,120 

New  Hampshire . 

347  ’784 

Wyoming . . . 

.  21^788 

New  Jersey . 

1,130,892 

N  ew  Y  ork . . . 

...5,083,173 

Total  Territories . 

.  7«2,  594 

\nrfti  r'lirfYlinn  _ _ 

1..t0ft.00u 

Total  U.  S . 

50,152,554 

Population  of  tin 

5  Principal  Cities. 

Cities  having  a  population  of  30,000  and  upward,  according  to  the  Uuited 

States  Census  of  1S80. 

Rank. 

Rank. 

21  Albany,  N.  Y . 

. . .  90,903 

38  Minneapolis,  Minn . 

. .  46,887 

23  Allegheney,  Pa . 

. . .  78,681 

60  Mobile,  Ala . 

61  Atlanta,  Ga . 

.  . .  34,398 

40  Nashville,  Tenn . 

. .  43,461 

7  Baltimore,  Md . 

. ..  332,190 

15  Newark,  N.  .1 . 

5  Boston,  .Mass . 

. . .  362,535 

26  New  Haven,  Conn.  ..  . 

. .  62,882 

3  Brooklyn,  N.  Y . 

...  566,689 

10  New  Orleans,  La . 

..  216,140 

13  Buffalo.  N.  Y . 

.  .  .  155,137 

1  New  York,  N.  Y . 

.  1,206,590 

31  Cambridge,  Mass . 

. . .  52,740 

50  Oakland,  Cal . 

. .  34,556 

44  Camden,  N.  J . 

64  Omaha,  Neb . 

. .  80,513 

36  Charleston,  8.  C . 

49,999 

34  Paterson,  N.  J . . . . . 

I  4  Chicago,  Ill . 

.  .  .  503,304 

2  Philadelphia,  Pa . 

8  Cincinnati,  Ohio . 

12  Pittsburgh,  Ca . 

..  156,381 

11  Cleveland,  Ohio . 

. ..  160,142 

53  Portland,  Me . 

.  83,810 

33  Columbus^  Ohio . 

...  61 ,665 

20  Providence,  R.  I . 

41  Reading,  Pa . 

. .  43,280 

40  Den  ver.  Col . 

... 

25  Richmond,  Va . 

18  Detroit,  Mich . 

...  1165142 

22  Rochester,  N.  Y . 

. .  89,363 

37  Fall  River,  Mass . 

. . .  49.006 

1)  San  Francisco,  Cal . 

..  233,956 

58  Grand  Rapids,  Mich... 

...  32,015 

63  Savannah,  Ga . 

. .  36,681 

62  Il  irrisburg,  Pa . 

...  30,762 

89  Scranton,  Pa . 

. .  45.S50 

42  Hartford,  Conn . 

. . .  42,553 

55  Sprir.glield,  Mass . 

. .  33.340 

HohnlrATi  \  .T 

80.999 

67  St.  Joseph,  Mo . 

. .  32.484 

24  Indianapolis,  I *>d . 

_  75,071 

6  St  Louis,  Mo . 

120.723 

45  St.  Paul,  Minn . 

..  41,498 

30  Kansas  City,  Mo . 

, . , 

82  Syracuse,  N.  Y . 

..  61,191 

46  Lawrence,  Mass . 

...  39,178 

8  Toledo,  Ohio . 

..  5.143 

16  Louisville,  Ky . 

. . .  12a. »U5 

29  'I’vov,  N.  Y  . 

27  Lowell,  Mass . 

. . .  59,485 

1.  N •  \  ••••«•  •••••• 

. .  33,913 

48  Lvnn,  Mass . 

.  . .  88,284 

14  Washington,  D.  C . 

..  147.307 

66  Manchester,  N  II . 

.  ..  82,030 

59  Wheeling,  w  Va . 

64  Memphis,  Tenn . . 

. . .  33,593 

43  W i )  m i  u gt  on ,  Del . 

. .  42,499 

19  Milwaukee,  Wis . 

L - - - 

. ..  115,578 

28  Worcester,  Mass . 

. .  5S,29o 

HOUTBliPTON  CUTLERY  CO., 


NORTHAMPTON,  Mass. 

SLANUFACTT7RER8  OFj 


superior  table  cutlery 

OF  EVERY  DESCRIPTION.*! 


Wii YU  <  COCOA,  EBONY,  BONE,  RUBBER,! 
WPI  n  f  CELLULOID,  IVORY  &  PLATED.  ) 


HANDLES. 


INOIiUDING  an  assortment  of 


CARVERS,  WITH  PATENT  GUARD  FORKS, 

of  the  latest  and  most  approved  demons. 


Tempered  and  ground  especially  for  Professional  use. 

Butcher,  Sticking  and  Skinning  Knives! 

Id  all  the  usual  styles  of r  perfect  finish  and  guaranteed  quality 


A  full  Assortment  of  these  very  Desirable  Goods 

CAN  11 F,  OBTAINED  FROM 

QUACKENBUSH.  TOWNSEND  &  C0„ 

No.  85  CHAMBP’.RS  nnd  67  RF.ADE  STS.,  or 

WILLIAM  BRYCE  eft  CO.. 

29  CHAMBERS  ST., 


KFE  W  YORK. 


HOPKIno 


<  *^TE  S  AMD  OUER  ES/&223 


Poisons  and  their  Antidotes. 

Arsenic. — Use  the  stomach  pump  instantly;  otherwise,  give  20  strains  sul¬ 
phate  of  zinc  in  a  little  warm  water  to  produce  vomiting,  or  a  large  table 
spoonful  of  mustard  in  warm  water.  Meanwhile  procure  some  hydraU  d 
sesquiozide  of  iron  and  give  a  tablespoonful  of  it  with  water  every  flve'<or 
ten  minutes  until  six  doses  are  taken.  Dialyzed  iron  is  also  efficient. 

Aqua  Ammonia,  or  Hartshorn,  if  taken  undiluted  is  a  violent  poison . 
Give  Vinegar,  instantly,  mixed  with  a  little  water,  this  acts  by  neutralisa¬ 
tion.  Vegetable  oils,  in  large  quantity,  furnish  the  next  best  antidote,  the 
ammonia  acting  upon  them  to  lorm  Soap. 

Aconite. — Give  an  emetic  of  mustard  or  sulphate  of  zinc,  or  use  the 
stomach  pump,  instantly,  then  give  stimulants,  whiskey,  brandy,  gin  or 
rum,  &c. 

Aoid — Nitric,  Muriatic,  or  Sulphuric. — If  either  of  these  be  swallow¬ 
ed,  not  a  moment  is  to  be  lost.  The  best  remedy  is  to  till  the  patient  pull 
of  < la’ cined  Magnesia  stirred  up  in  water,  to  the  consistency  of  very  thin 
paste;  or,  give  half  an  ounce  of  soap  shavings  in  a  pint  of  water.  If  neitner 
are  at  hand  give  chalk  or  whiting,  in  water,  or  even  pound  tine  some  of  the 
white  plastering  from  the  wall  and  give  in  water 

Belladonna,  Hyoscyamus,  Stamonium,  and  Conium  are  all  narcotics, 
and  the  treatment  is  the  same  as  for  opium;  especially  the  strong  coffee-. 

Cantharides  (Spanish  Flies). — Give  large  doses  of  sweet  oil,  sugar  and 
water,  or  milk.  To  relieve  the  strangury  and  scalding  of  urine  whice  it  oc¬ 
casions,  give  camphor,  10  to  15  drop  doses  in  water. 

Corrosive  Sublimate,  (Bed  bug  poison). — Mis  up  quickly  the  whites  of 
a  dozen  eggs ,  with  a  quart  of  cold  water,  give  a  cupful  of  the  mixture  ev^ry 
two  minutes  till  the  stomach  can  hold  no  more.  If  you  have  not  eggs 
enough  use  what  you  have  and  make  up  the  deficiency  with  milk.  Wheat 
flour,  mixed  with  water,  is  good.  Use  the  stomach  pump  if  it  can  be  had 
quickly. 

Charcoal  Gas,  Sulphuretted  Hydrogen,  or  Carbonic  Acid  Gas.— 
Use  cold  shower  bath  and  give  Aconite  in  drop  doses,  in  a  spoonful  of 
water.  The  effects  of  Coal  gas  are  best  antidoted  by  copious  draughts  of 
vinegar  and  water. 

Oxalic  Acid. — Give  Magnesia  in  water  as  quickly  as  possible.  When 
not  to  be  h  id,  u^e  chalk,  liine  orsaleratus.  Use  the  stomach  pump  if  at 
hand.  Soap  suds  or  alkalies  are  of  no  use  with  this  Acid. 

Opium,  Morphine  and  Laudanum.— Use  the  stomach  pump,  if  possible; 
if  not,  a  powerful  emetic,  as  sulphate  of  zinc;  or,  give  the  mustard  emetic  ! 
and  tickle  the  palate.  If  drowsiness  comeson,  take  the  patient  into  the  ] 
open  air;  dash  water  into  the  face,  by  alt  means  keep  him  walking.  If  once  ! 
allowed  to  fall  asleep  it  may  be  impossible  to  arouse  him.  Strong  coffee,  j 
taken  hot,  antidotes  after  the  stomach  has  been  emptied. 

Prussic  Acid. — This  is  the  deadliest  of  all  known  poisons.  One  drop  of 
the  pure  acid  will  cause  instantaneous  death.  If  any  of  its  products  be 
taken  and  the  result  is  not  immediately  fatal,  resort  to  the  cold  shower 
bath,  inhalation  of  diluted  aqua  ammonia  vapor  and  give  solutiou  of  car¬ 
bonate  of  potass  20  grains  to  a  glass  of  water,  or  ammonia  diluted  with  six 
times  the  bulk  of  water,  freely. 

Sugar  op  Lead,  (Acetate  of  Lead).— Give  a  ground  must  .rd  emetic;  or 
20  g-uins  sulphate  of  zinc  in  a  glass  of  water;  afterwards,  large  dose  o 
epsom  salts. 

Strychnine  or  Nux  Vomica,  are  rapid  and  deadly  poison.*.  generally 
proving  fatal,  in  spite  of  treatment.  If  emetics  are  given  and  the  stomach 
emptied  quick’y  enough,  and  if  the  patient  is  n  it  attacked  with  convulsions  ! 
wi  hin  two  hours, he  will  generally  be  safe.  An  abundance  of  sweet  milk  is 
recommended,  also  strong  coffee'  as  for  opium  poisoning. 

Strong  Lye;.— Sometimes  swallowed  by  children.  The  remedy  is  vine¬ 
gar.  or  oil,  the  former  Ijy  converting  the  lye.  into  acetate  of  potash,  the  hit¬ 
ter  by  forming  soap;  neither  of  which  materially  injures  the  etomach. 

Verdigris.— This  most  frequently  poisons  by  its  formation  upon  copper  ■ 
us  -d  in  cooking.  Give  au  emetic  instantly,  and  then  two  tea-  | 
1  spoonful  of  Carbonate  of  Soda,  in  a  tumbler  full  of  water  and  repent  in  teu  [j 
I  minute*.  *  biles  of  eggs  in  water  are  also  proiier. 


102  OH  AMBERS  STREET. 


Corner  Church  Street, 


NEW  YORK , 


—  MANUFACTURERS  OF  — 


COPPER  WEATHER  VANES  ANB  BANNERETS. 


NEWEST  AND  MOST  APP 
Wrought 
and 

Cast  Iron 


Door  and 
Window 

GUARDS.. 

Plain  and  Ornamental 

DRIVEWAY  GATES. 
WIRE  WORK 

Of  every  description  for  Banks, 
Offices,  &c. 

LAMPS  and  LAMP  POSTS- 


ROVED  DESIGNS. 

Fountains. 

Aquaria, 
Fountain 

Jets. 

Garden 

Vases- 
Statuary- 

Chairs  and 
Settees- 
Tables. 
Archways. 
Iron  ABrass 
Bedsteads- 

Copper  and 
Galvanized 
Iron  Light¬ 
ning  Rods- 


CAST  IRON  CRESTINGS,  FINLVLS  anil  BANNERETS, 


FOR  HOUSES,  CHURCHES,  TOWERS  AND  PUBLIC  BUILDINGS. 


HAND  AND  HORSE  LAWN  MOWERS  AND  CARDEN  ROLLERS. 


Galvanized  Railing-s  for  Cemeteiy  Enclosures. 
Emblematic  Signs  for  Various  Trades. 


Ktfffl,  BRASS  and  NICKEL  PLATED 

Stable  Fittings, 

SUCH  AS 

Guards,  Mangers, 


Racks,  Gutter,  Posts, wl 


Hooks.  Tie  Rings, 

Water  Troughs, 
Wood  C.  vered 

Brackets, 
1\\\\vvvJw'hip  Racks,  &c-  &c. 


SPECIAL  ATTENTION  GIVEN  TO  ARCHITECTS  DRAWINGS. 


Illustrated  Catalogues  furaished  to  Architects,  Builders  and  the  Trade. 


Office  and  Warerooms,  102  CHAMBERS  ST.,  cor.  Church,  NewYoik. 


HOPKINS’  HANDY  NOTES  AND  QUERIES 


25 


.  WEIGHTS  AXD  MEASURES. 

Avoirdupois  Wcig'Iit. 

The  Grain  is  the  same  in  Troy,  Apothecaries  and  Avoidupois  Weights. 

The  standard  avoirdupois  pound  is  the  weight  of  27.7015  cubic  inches  of  distilled 
water  weighed  in  the  air  at  35.85  degrees  Fa  hr.,  barometer  at  30  inches. 

27.343  grains  *»  I  drachm. 


drachms.  ozs.  lbs.  qrs.  cwt. 

1  —  .0025  =  .0039  =»  000139  —  .000035 

16  ~  1  =  .0625  =  .00223  =  .000558 

256  =  16  =*  1  —  .0357  =»  .00893 

71t>8  =*  448  =»  28—1  ™  .25 

28672  =  1792  —  112  =  4  «*  l 

673440  —  35840  —  2240  =80  =20 


ten. 

.00000174 

.1)00028 

.000447 

.0125 

.05 

1 


French 

grammes. 

1.77*846 

28.34954 

453.59 

12700 

50802 

1016040 


A  stone  =»  14  pounds. 


A  quintal  .100  pounds 


Troy  Weight. 


For  Gold,  Silver  and  Precious  Metals. 

French 

grains.  dwts.  ozs.  lbs.  grammes. 

1  =  .04167  =  .00208  =  .0001736  —  .9648 

24  =  1  =  .U5  =  .004167  -=  1.555 

480  —  20  =  1  —  .0833  =  31.1036 

5760  =  240  =  12  — =  1  —  373.242 


175  lbs.  Troy  =  144  Avoirdupois. 

lbs.  Avoirdupois  X  .82286  =  lbs.  Troy. 

lbs.  Troy  X  1.2153  =  lbs.  Avoirdupois. 


The  jeweler's  Carat  is  equal,  in  the  United  States,  to  3.2  grains;  in  London,  to 
8.17  gTaine;  in  Paris,  to  3.1*. 

Pure  Gold  is  worth  $20.67  per  oz.  Troy,  or  $18.94  per  oz.  Avoirdupois. 

“  Silver  “  $1.36  “  $1.24  “ 

Standard  Gold  “  $18.60  “  “  $16.96  “  “ 

“  Silver  “  $1,225  “  “  $1,117  “ 

A  potliecaries*  Weight. 


United  States  and  British. 


20  grains .  1  scruple. 

3  scruples . 1  drachm  =  60  grains. 

8  drams .  1  ounce  =  24  scruples  =  480  grains. 

12  ounces . 1  pound  --  96  drachms  =»  28  i  scruples  —  6760  grs. 


In  Troy  and  Apothecaries’  weights,  the  grain,  ounce  and  pound  are  the  samf, 


ins. 

1 

feet. 

.083 

Long  iTlea»mre 

yards.  fath.  poles. 

.02778  —  .0139  —  .005  •=» 

• 

furl. 

.000126  =« 

mile. 

.0000158 

m 

French 

metres. 

.0254 

12 

3 

1 

wm 

.333  —  .1667  —  .0606 

s=s 

.00161  — 

.0001894 

r-* 

.3048 

36 

r=t 

3 

1  =  5  =  .182 

a 

.00454  — 

.000568 

ct. 

.9144 

72 

6 

S3 

2  —  1  ■=»  .364 

.0091  — 

.001136 

r=r 

1.8287 

198 

,=« 

16% 

r* 

5X-  2*4  -  1 

=T3 

.025  — 

.003125 

«= 

6.0291 

7920 

660 

220  —  110  —  40 

M 

1  — 

.125 

TM 

201.16 

63360 

6280 

na 

1760  =  880  =  320 

:=* 

8  *** 

1 

T3 

1609.216 

A  cable’s  length  —  120  fathoms. 

A  square  mile  is  640  acres.  j  A  hand  (horse  measure)  is  four  inches. 

A  league  is  three  miles.  |  A  palm  is  three  inches. 

The  term  “.Sabbath  Day’s  Journey”  |  A  span  is  K)J£  inches. 

means  1,166  yards.  A  cubit  is  two  feet. 

A  day’s  journey  is  33>8  miles.  j  A  great  cubit  is  11  feet. 

A  fathom  is  six  feet.  I  A  pace  is  three  teet. 


Surveying1  .Pleasure  (Lineal).  French 


ins. 

links. 

feet. 

yards. 

chains. 

mile. 

metres. 

1 

era 

.126 

n 

.0X3 

=  .0278 

=r* 

.00126 

«=» 

.0000158 

.0254 

7.92 

_ . 

1 

.66 

=  .22 

.01 

tnt 

.000125 

w 

.2012 

12 

1.515 

rx 

1 

—  .333 

;=*e 

.01515 

« 

.000189 

'*=* 

.3048 

36 

rar 

4.545 

3 

—  1 

ra 

.04505 

r-=r 

.000668 

.9144 

792 

_ . 

100 

a* 

66 

—  22 

*=* 

1 

9 — X 

.0125 

*=e» 

20.116 

63360 

«=» 

8000 

r--t 

5280 

—  1760 

80 

ra 

1 

2=8 

1609.315 

1  knot  or  geographical  mile  =■  6082.66  feet  =  1854  metres  «  1.152  statute  mile. 


1  ream. 

1  bundle. 

1  bale.  ■ 
250  sheets.  i 


1  Admiralty  knot 


12  units  or  articles, 
12  dozen 

20  units  or  articles, 
24  sheets  paper. 


1.1515  statute  miles  =  bO»o  ieei. 

Table  of  (InantUics. 

1  dozen.  20  quires 
1  gross. 

1  score. 

1  quire. 


2  reams 
5  bundles 
Printer’s  token. 


GRAHAM  &  HAINES, 

«•  !»«•  113  Cbanben  &  95  Reade  Streets,  N.  I. 

HARDWARE  MANUFACTURERS’  AGENTS, 

AS  FOLLOWS' 

Henry  Disston  A  Sons,  Saws,  Files,  Ac. 

Howard  Bros.,  Cotton,  Wool  and  Curry  Cards. 

Derby  &  Ball,  Scythe  Snaths. 

Otsego  Fork  Mills,  Steel  Forks.  Bakes,  Hoes,  Ac.] 

K.  Knickerbacker,  Scythes,  Axes  and  Tools. 

Henry  W.  Kip,  Nail  Hammers. 

Iron  City  Tool  Works  (Limited),  Vises,  Picks,  Mattocks,  Grub 
Hoes,  Ac. 

Detroit  Block  Works,  Tackle  Blocks. 

Phenix  Caster  Co.,  Martin’s  Patent  Caster. 

Nimick  &  Brittan  Mfg.  Co.,  Locks,  Ac. 

Sandusky  Tool  Co.,  Planes  and  Plane  Irons. 

Omo  Tool  Co.,  “  “  “ 

Auburn  Tool  Co.  ,  “  “  “ 

Oeo.  M.  Eddy  A  Co.,  Measuring  Tapes. 

Miles’  Alarm  Money  Drawer. 

Northwestern  Horse  Nail  Co.,  Horse  Nails. 

A.  G.  Coes  A  Co..  Coes’  Genuine  Screw  Wrenches. 

W.  H.  Howell,  Geneva  Hand  Fluters. 

Sedgwick  Mfg.  Co.,  Butter  and  Flour  Tryers,  Ac. 

Scandinavian  Padlocks. 

Best  of  all  Egg-Beaters. 

Ripley  Mfg.  Co.,  Mouse  Traps. 

Sam’l  Loring,  Plymouth  Tack  and  Rivet  Works. 

J.  Bartles  A  Co. ,  Sand  and  Emery  Paper. 

Porter  Mfg.  Go.,  Window  and  Door  Screen  Corners. 

Payson  Mfg.  Co.,  Perfect  Sash  Lock. 

J.  Mallinson,  Cast  Steel  Shears  and  Scissors. 

Ketcham’s  Patent  Metallic  Sieves. 

R.  S.  Clark,  Hand  and  Sleigh  Bells. 

P.  Lowentraut,  Compasses,  Calipers,  Dividers,  Ac. 

Clark  Bros.  A  Co.,  Carriage  Bolts,  Ac. 

Lowerre  A  Tucker,  The  Genuine  Knox  Fluting  Machine. 

A.  N.  Bragg  A  Co.,  N.  Y.  A  Ger.  Snaps. 

Kentucky  Bell  Co.,  “Dodge’s”  Kentucky  Cow  Bells. 

G.  A  H.  Eureka  Family  Glue  Pot  and  Furnace. 

jLane  Bros.,  Swift’s  and  Grocers’  Coffee  Mills  and  Measuring 
Faucets,  Ac. 

T.  C.  Richards  Hardware  Co.,  Bright  Wire£Goods.  Picture 
Nails,  Ac. 

Wm.  Flaccus  A  Son,  Bellows. 

•J.  Halsh  A  Co.,  “S”  Barb  Steel  Feuce  Wire. 

Holmes  A  Edwards’  Plated  Spoons  and  Forks. 

Wm.  Wilkinson’s  Anvils. 

New  Haven  Copper  Co.,  Augers  and  Auger  Bits. 

H.  B.  Ives.  Ives’  Patent  Door  Bolts. 


HOPKINS’  HANDY  NOTES  AND  QUERIES.  27 


WEIGHTS  ANI)  MEASURES- Continued. 

Square  Measure. 


ins. 

feet. 

yards.  perches. 

roods. 

acre. 

Square 

metres. 

1  — 

.00694  <=■• 

.000772  =  .0000255  =» 

.00000064 

■=> 

.000000169 

.000645 

144  - 

1 

.111  -=  .00367  = 

.0000918 

ax 

.000023 

«— 

.0929 

1296  — 

9  >= 

1  —  .0331  = 

.000826 

K3 

.0002062 

K=g 

.8361 

392«4  «- 

27234  >= 

g 

i? 

1! 

«— * 

II 

.025 

.00625 

e. 

25.292 

1568160  •» 

10890  «= 

1210  =  40  = 

1 

.25 

sera 

10J1.7 

6272640  •» 

43665) 

4840  ■=■  160 

4 

m 

1 

4046.7 

100  square  feet 
1  chain  wi<le 
10  square  chains 
1  hectare 


1  square. 

8  acres  per  mile. 
1  acre. 

“  2.471143  acres. 


1  square  mile. 


\  =■=  27878400  sq.  feet. 
) 


3007600  sq.  yds. 

640  acres. 

Acres  x  .0015625  —  square  miles. 

Sq.  yds.  x  .000000323  ■=  sq.  miles. 

A  section  of  land  is  1  mile  square,  and  contains  $40  acres 
A  square  acre  is  208.71  feet  at  each  side. 

“  X  “  147.58  “ 

H  “  104.355  “ 

A  circular  **  235.504  feet  in  diameter. 


“  V' 

«« 

166.527  “ 

44 

"  M 

117  753  “ 

44 

62  1-6 

feet 

square. 

or... 

»  700 1  < 

•  «•<•••  »J%  !  .JW 

square 

fee  t 

is 

1-16 

acre. 

104V 

fwt 

square. 

or... 

. 5,445 

square 

feet 

is 

V 

k 

acre. 

ieet 

square. 

or... 

. 10.890 

square 

feet 

is 

acre. 

120  V 

feet 

square. 

or. .. 

. 14,520 

square 

feet 

is 

H 

acre. 

H7V 

feet 

square, 

or... 

. 21.780 

square 

feet 

18 

acre. 

208  V 

feet 

square, 

or. .. 

square 

feet 

is 

1 

acre 

Cubic  lYleaaiirr 


1US. 

1  = 

172  -  -= 
46656 


A  cord  of  v\ood 
42  cubic  feet  -- 


1728  cubic  inches. 

.037037  cubic  yard. 

.8035(54  U.  S.  struck 
cubic  inches. 

3.2143$  TT.  K.  pecks. 

7.48052  U.  8.  liquid  calls,  of  231  cub.  inch. 
6.42851  U.  S.  dry  gallons. 


cubic 

metres. 

.000016386. 
.028315 
764513 


feet.  yard. 

.0005788  =  .000002144 

1  *=»  .03704 

27  =  1 

128  cubic  feet,  being  4  feet  high,  4  feet  wide,  and  8  feet  long, 
a  ton  of  shipping. 

A  Critic  Foot  is  Equal  to 

29.92208  IT.  S.  liquid  'quarts. 

25.71405  IT.  S.  dry  quarts. 

59.844bi  (  -  S.  liquid  pints.. 

51.42809  l'.  S.  dry  pints. 

239.37662  l  .  S.  gills. 

.26667  Hour  barrel  of  3  struck  bushels. 
.23748  U.  S.  liquid  Imrrel  of  31^  gallons. 


bushel  of  2150.42 


Dry  UeHNiire. 

The  Standard  Bushel  contains  2150.42  cubic  inches,  or  77.627013  pounds  avoirdu- 
pois  of  pure  water  at  maximum  density.  It  legal  dimensions  are  18 inches  Diam¬ 
eter  inside,  19k-  inches  outside,  and  8  inches  deep;  and  when  heaped,  the  cone  must 
be  6  inches  high,  making  a  heaped  bushel  equal  to  1  V  struck  ones. 

Pints.  Quarts.  Gallons.  Peeks.  Bushels.  Cubic  laches. 

2  1  “  .250  .125  ■=  .0315  -  67.2 

8  —  4  -  1  =--  .5  .125  =  268.8 

16  8  »---  2  1  =»  25  —  5517.6 

32  8  ~  4  — 


*54 


1 


2150.42 


I,iqui<l  IleiiMire. 

The  standard  gallon  measures  2541  cubic  inches,  or  8.513888  lbs.,  a  voirdupois  of 
pure  water,  at  about  5t9.8o  degrees  Fa  hr. ,  the  barometer  at-  30  inches. 

gills. 

4 

8 


pint. 


1  quart. 


32  -  8  ~ 

4  = 

1 

1544  336  >= 

168  — 

42 

2016  =  504  = 

252  - 

65t 

2-188  —  672  •=■ 

336  «=* 

84 

4032  ■*=  10u8  *=-* 

504  *=* 

126 

8064  «=•  2016  *** 

1008 

253 

gallon. 

*— •  1  tierce. 

1 1  —  1  hogshead. 


|  1  1  puncheoiu 

2  1  ‘j  —  1  pipe. 

4  3  2  --  l  ton. 


A  cubic  foot  contains  7  V  gallons. 


k 


MANUFACTURERS  OF 


AND  AGENTS  FOR 


FACTORY : 

CHESTER,  Conn. 


OFFICE  : 

96  Chambers  Street,  j 

NEW  YORK. 


THE  PATENT  SOLID  HEAD  ADGER  BIT 


The  SOLID  HEAD  guarantees  a  PERFECTLY  STRAIGHT  hole.  In 
cross  grain  lx>ring,  knots,  or  the  end  of  the  timber,  its  superiority  is  seen. 


THE  GRIFFiN  HACK  SAWS. 

ONE  DOZ.  BLADES  WITH  EACH  FRAME. 


4  5  6  7  8  9  10  11  16tks  - 

List,  per  doz.  .  .$3.20  3.G0  4.00  4.60  5.00  5.40.  5.80  6.40 

12  13  14  15  16  16ths 

List,  per  doz. ..  .$7.00  7.60  8.20  8.80  9.40 

Also,  in  sets  assorted — 18,  24  and  324  quarters. 

FOR  SAWING  BEARS,  IRON,  SB! 
ASH  METALS  OF  Ml  KD®. 


Frames  Complete,  with  One  Dozen  Blades 


Inch . 

6 

r* 

i 

8 

9 

List,  per  Dozen . 

.  $14.00 

15.00 

16.00 

17.00 

Extra 

Hack  Saw 

Blades. 

Inch . 

6 

7 

8 

9 

List,  per  Gross  •  •  •  • . 

.  $7.00 

7.50 

8.00 

8.50 

An  .mprovement  over  all  others  in  that  it  performs  the  same  work  with  a  j^reat  saving 
of  expense,  time,  and  annoyance.  As  shown  in  the  cut,  the  Blade  is  secured  in  place  by 
two  pins,  and  may  be  readily  detached.  The  tension  is  regulated  by  a  lever  in  tho  open 
handle.  The  Blades  are  very  highly  tempered  and  require  no  filing.  As  the  cost  is  far  less 
than  was  formerly  paid  for  filing  alone,  they  may  be  thrown  away  when  dull.  Samples  sent  t 
for  inspection  of  the  Trade  on  receipt  of  price.  S  inch  Frame,  with  extra  Blades,  $1.50 
each.  Postage  prepaid . 


w®"  Illustrated  Catalogues  sent  on  application. 


HOPKINS’  HANDY  NOTES  AND  QUERIES.®  29 


*  1TJ 
h 


THE  METRIC  SYSTEM. 


\VI 

Metric  Denominations  and  values. 


nciirrs. 

Equivalents  in  Denominations  in  use 


Weight  of  wliat  quantity  oi 

Avoirdupois 

Names, 

No. 

Grams.  water  at  maximum  density. 

Weight. 

Millier  or  touneau  =* 

1,000,000  ^ 

1  cubic  meter  ... 

2204  6 

pounds 

Quintal 

ZXA.  . 

100,000  - 

1  hectoliter 

2*20.46 

pounds 

M  yriagram 

BE. 

10,000  - 

10  liters 

•2-2.046 

pounds 

Kilogram  or  kilo 

— 

1,000  - 

1  liter 

*2.2046  pounds 

Hectogram 

— 

100  *-* 

1  deciliter 

3.5274 

ounces. 

Dekagram 

10  - 

10  c.  centimeter 

0  3527 

ounce. 

Gram 

1  - 

1  c.  centimeter  — 

15.432 

grains. 

Decigram 

ac. 

.1  - 

.1  c.  centimeter  — 

l  5432 

grains. 

Centigram 

— 

.01  - 

10  c,  millimeter  — 

0.1543 

grain. 

Milligram 

.001  - 

l  c.  millimeter  — 

0.0154 

grain. 

ME-ISURES  OF  LENGTH. 

Metric  Denominations  and  Values. 

Equivalents  in  Denominations  in  use. 

Myriameter  — 

10,000 

meters  *= 

6.2137  miles. 

Kilometer 

1,000 

meters  -- 

0.62137  in.  or  3,280  feet  10 

inches. 

Hectometer  =* 

100 

meters  — 

328  feet  and  1  inch. 

Dekameter  — 

10 

meters  -- 

393.7  inches. 

Meter  — 

1 

meter  — 

39.37  inches. 

Decimeter 

.1  of  a  meter  — 

3.937  inches. 

Centimeter  — 

.01  of  a  meter 

0.39*.  7  inch. 

Millimeter 

.001  of  a  meter 

( .’i.yf  inch. 

MEASURES  OF  SURFACE. 


Metric  Denominations  and  V alues. 


Hectare  ~- 

Are  “ 

Centare  «• 


10.00U  square  meters 
100  square  meters 
1  square  meter 


Metric  Denominations  and  Valnes. 

Names.  No.  Liters.  Cubic  Measure. 
Kiloliter  =>  1,000 
100 


2VH2ASOTKES  OF  CAPACITY. 

Equivalents  in  Denominations  in  use 


Hectoliter- 
Dacallter  — 
Liter  -- 
Deciliter  — 
Centiliter  — 
Milliliter  - 


1  cubic  meter  -- 
.1  cubit  meter  — 
10  —  10  c.  decimeters— 
1  1  c.  decimeter  =« 

.1  —  .1  c.  decimeter  — 
,01  —  lOc.centimeters— 
001  —  1  c.  centimeter=- 


Dry  Measure. 
1.308  cubic  yards 
‘2  bush.  3.35  pks. 
9.08  quart' 

0.90S  quart 
6.1022  cubic  inch. 


Wine  Measure. 

-  264.lt  gallons. 

-  26.417  gul'ons. 
=  2.6417  gallons. 

-  1.0567  quarts 
0  845  gill. 


0.6102  cubic  inch.--  0.338  fluid  on. 
0.061  cubic  inches—  0.27  Ou  t’  dr. 


Equivalents  in  Denomination  in  use. 
=  2.471  acres. 

—  1 19. 6  Bq  uare  yards . 

—  1.550  square  inches. 


WILEY  &  RUSSELL  MF’G  COMPA 

GREENFIELD,  Mass. 

Patent  Screw-Catting  and  other  Labor-Saving  Tools. 


GREEN  ErVl 

*> 

DRILLING 

MACHINES 


PUNCHE 
PRESSES. 


TIRE? 

UPSETT] 


TIRE  BEND] 


HORSE  SHO 
VISES. 


tBOLT  CUTTERS 

FOB 

HAND  &  POWER 
USE 

I*  Gbkat  Vabiety. 


CELKBRATKD 
LIGHTNING 
SCREW  PLATE. 

cnrrriNo 
FbOM  W  IBB  SlZKK 

To  1J  in.  Diam. 


TAPS  and  DIES 

OF 

FINEST  QUALITY. 


TIRE 

MEASURING 

WHE 

Ac.,  %fcc. 


REAMERS, 

COUNTERSINKS, 


•  L*H  OPKINS’I  HANDY  NOTES  AND  QUERIES.  31 


Brokers’  Technicalities. 

A  Bull  is  one  who  operates  to  depress  the  value  of  stocks,  that  j 
he  may  buy  for  a  rise. 

A  Bear  is  one  who  sells  stocks  for  future  delivery,  which  lie 
does  not  own  at  the  time  of  sale. 

A  Corner  is  when  the  Bears  cannot  buy  or  borrow  the  stock  to 
deliver  in  fulfillm,/  1  of  their  contracts. 

Overloaded  is  when  the  bulls  cannot  take  and  pay  for  the 
stock  they  have  rrchased. 

Short  is  when  a  person  or  party  sells  stock  when  they  have 
none,  and  expect  to  buy  or  borrow  in  time  to  deliver. 

Long  is  -when  a  person  or  party  has  a  plentiful  supply  of 
stocks. 

A  Pool  or  Ring  is  a  combination  formed  to  control  the  price 
of  stocks. 

A  broker  is  said  to  Carry  stocks  for  his  customer  when  he  has 
bought  and  is  holding  it  for  his  account. 

A  Wash  is  a  pretended  sale  by  special  agreement  between 
)  buyer  and  seller,  for  the  purpose  of  .getting  a  quotation  re¬ 
ported. 

A  Put  and  Call  is  when  a  person  gives  so  much  per  cent,  for 
the  option  of  buying  or  selling  so  much  stock  on  a  certain  fixed 
day,  at  a  price  fixed  the  day  the  option  is  given. 


Railway  Signals. 

One  pull  of  bell-cord  signifies  “stop.” 

Two  pulls  means  “go  ahead.” 

Three  pulls  means  “back  up.” 

One  w’histle  signifies  “down-brakes.” 

:  Two  whistles  signifies  “off-brakes.” 

Three  whistles  means  “back  up.” 

Continued  whistles  indicate  “danger.” 

Short  rapid  whistles,  “a  cattle  alarm.” 

A  sweeping  pai’ting  of  the  hands  on  a  level  with  the  eyes 
means  “go  ahead.” 

A  ..lowly  sweeping  meeting  of  the  hands  over  the  head  signi¬ 
fies  “back  slowly.” 

A  downward  motion  of  the  hands,  with  extended  arms,  signi¬ 
fies  “stop.” 

A  beckoning  motion  with  one  hand  indicates  “back.” 

A  red  flag  waved  up  the  track  indicates  “danger.” 

A  red  flag  by  the  roadside  means  “danger  ahead.” 

A  red  flag  carried  on  a  locomotive  signifies  “an  engine  follow- 

*  >9 

mg.” 

A  red  flag  raised  at  a  station  means  “stop.” 

A  lantern  swung  at  right  angles  across  tho  track  means 

“stop.”  ...  „ 

A  lantern  raised  and  lowered  vertically  is  a  signal  to  ‘‘start. 

A  lantern  swung  in  a  circle  signifits  “back  the  train.” 


Hardware 


£hJ 


We?  ^ 

wM$gig 


Manufacturers  and  Importers  of 


r  ^4y  ^  Q  o' 


Ta^69 


r  &&&■■$£ 


J 


m 


d 


liJUI 

Nos,  84  and  86 

Ciaita  Street, 

New  York. 


co  <j  ,■$*  <<y  eg 

itfpr 

^  J>0* 


A/  g  ,Q  *  ^ 
Co  cy  ^  y  o 

O 

mMh 


I 


— •  — - 1? 


WllB: 


YHdL  ki* 


s 


FOK 


NEW  AMERICAN 


T 

i 


FILE  CO 


MANUFACTURERS  OF 


Files  and  Rasps. 


of  every  description. 


‘ 


t  Perfect  File  ever  Mud. 


BEG  VLAS  STANDARD  SIZES  OF  FILES 

WIDTH,  AND  THICKNESS  BY  WIRE  GAUGE. 


HOPKINS’  HANDY  NOTES  AND  QUERIES.  33 


RICHARDSON’S  CELEBRATED  SAWS 

Are  Dneqoalled  for  (Jaalitj,  Temper  and  f/orkmanship.  Taper  Ground,  Thin  at  Back,  and  Perfectlj  Trnc. 


HOPKINS'  HANDY  NOTES  AND  QUERIES.  35 


Standard  Sizes  of  Circular  Saw  Mandrels. 


No. 

Diameter 

of  Pulley. 

Face  of 

Pulley. 

Diameter 

of  Flange. 

Length  of 

Shaft. 

Diameter 

of  Shaft. 

Size  of 

Hole 

in  Saw. 

1 

n 

ins. 

3* 

ins. 

H 

ins. 

14 

ins. 

1 

1-16  in 

1  in. 

2 

3 

ii 

4 

<< 

3 

<< 

16 

a 

1 

3-16  “ 

H 

3 

3  h 

H 

H 

a 

3* 

«< 

18 

a 

1 

5-16  “ 

H  “ 

4 

4 

i  i 

5 

«< 

4 

u 

20 

ii 

1 

7-16  “ 

1  5-16  “ 

5 

Li 

H 

<< 

4* 

a 

22 

ii 

1 

7-16  “ 

1  5-16  “ 

6 

5 

a 

6 

a 

5 

a 

24 

ii 

1 

7-16  “ 

n 

7 

5  k 

u 

a 

ii 

26 

a 

1 

7-16  “ 

if  “ 

8 

6 

ii 

7 

ii 

6 

a 

28 

ii 

1 

9-16  “ 

i?  “ 

9 

7 

i  i 

8 

a 

6 

a 

32 

ii 

1 

11-16“ 

xi 

10 

8 

ii 

8 

n 

6 

a 

36 

ii 

1 

13-16“ 

h 

When  Ordering  Circular  Saws, 

The  following  directions  should  be  explicitly  given  : 

Diameter  of  Saw  in  inches. 

Thickness  (or  Gauge)  of  Saw  at  Kim. 

Thickness  (or  Gauge)  of  Saw  at  Centre. 

Log  side,  right  or  left  hand,  saw  cutting  toward a  you. 
Number  of  Teeth  in  Saw. 

Kind  and  number  of  Tooth. 

Size  of  mandrel  hole. 

Size  of  pin  hole. 

Distance  between  pin  holes  from  centre  to  centre. 


Standard  Gauges  for  Circular  and  Mill  Saws. 


Gauge. 
No.  4  — 

inch, 

<< 

scant. 

Gauge. 
No.  11.... 

••  i 

..  3-32 

inch, 

scant. 

“  5.... 

“  12 . 

<( 

full. 

“  6 . 

..  3-16 

full. 

“  13 . 

..  3-32 

L  i 

scant. 

“  7 . 

..  3-16 

ii 

scant. 

“  14 . 

..  5-64 

ii 

full. 

“  8 . 

..  5-32 

ii 

“  15.... 

...  5-64 

ii 

scant. 

“  9 . 

..  5-32 

ii 

scant. 

“  16 . 

..  1-16 

ii 

full. 

“  10 . 

»  1 

ii 

full. 

V 

mhm  ^  ^ 


CLEVELAND,  OHIO. 


MANF  F ACTURERS  OF 


IRON  &  STEEL  WIRE, 


OF  ALL  KINDS. 


STEEL  SPRING,  P>IL  BAIL >ND  MARKET  WIRE, 


WIRE  FOR  THE  MANUFACTURE  OF  FINS, 
HAIR  FINS  AND  CARD  CLOTHING. 


Gun  Screw  Wire,  Machinery  Wire,' 


Steel  Carriage  Tire  and  Forgings. 


IRON  AND  STEEL, 


BOILER  PLATES, 

GIRDER  and  BRIDGE  BUIES, 

NEW  YORKACENTS: 

DICKERSON,  VAN  ETJSEN  <&  CO. 

NEW  ENGLAND  ACENTS: 

John  Wales  S'  Co.,  Boston,  Mass. 


HOPKINS’  HANDY  NOTES  AND  QUERIES.  37 


Weight,  Length  and  Strength  of  Iron  Wire. 


BIRMINGHAM  WIRE  GAUGE. 


Wire  Guage. 

Diameter. 

Weight  of 

100  Yards. 

Weight  of 

1  mile. 

i 

1 

Length  of 

1  Bundle. 

1 

(Direct  Strain . 

Length  ol 

1  Cwt. 

Area  of 

Section. 

bn  , 

*8  ^ 
bn 

$  s 

t— i 

No. 

Inches. 

Lbs. 

j  Lbs. 

Yards. 

Yards. 

Sq.  in. 

1  Lbs. 

5-0 

0  546 

1G1  00 

2830 

39 

70 

0  163 

13070 

4-0 

0  425 

140  00 

2460 

45 

80 

0  142 

11350 

3-0 

0  394 

120  00 

2113 

52 

93 

0  122 

9755 

2-0 

0  363 

102  00 

1794 

62 

110 

0  103 

8280 

0 

0  331 

84  72 

1490 

74 

132 

j  0  086 

6880 

1 

0  300 

G8  75 

1210 

91 

163 

0  071 

5650 

2 

0  280 

59  90 

1054 

105 

187 

0  062 

4930 

3 

0  260 

51  65 

909 

121 

215 

0  053 

4250 

4 

0  240 

44  00 

775 

143 

255 

0  045 

3620 

5 

0  220 

37  00 

651 

170 

303 

0  038 

8040 

6 

0  200 

30  56 

538 

203 

361 

0  031 

2510 

7 

0  185 

2G  15 

461 

239 

428 

0  0265 

2220 

8 

0  170 

22  10 

389 

286 

509 

0  023 

1840 

9 

0  155 

18  3G 

323 

342 

609 

0  0195 

1560 

10 

0  140 

14  97 

264 

420 

717  j 

0  016 

1280 

11 

0  125 

11  95 

211 

529 

939 

0  0125 

1000 

12 

0  110 

9  24 

163 

700 

1241 

0  010 

800 

13 

0  095 

7  05 

124 

893 

1589 

0  0071 

568 

14 

0  085 

5  51 

97 

1142 

2031 

0  0057 

456 

15 

0  075 

4  29 

76 

1468 

2608 

0  0044 

352 

16 

0  065 

3  22 

57 

1954 

3473 

0  0033 

264 

17 

0  057 

2  48 

44 

2540 

4515 

0  0026 

208 

18 

0  050 

1  91 

34 

3150 

5600 

0  0020 

160 

19 

0  045 

1  55 

27 

4085 

7246 

0  0016 

128 

20 

0  040 

1  22 

21 

4912 

9168 

0  0013 

104 

21 

0  035 

0  94 

17 

6416 

11980 

0  0010 

80 

22 

0  030 

0  69 

12 

8736 

16300 

0  0007 

56 

Sizes  Expressed  in  Fractions  of  an  Inch. 


15-32  in.  — No.  5-0  full 
7-16  in. — No.  4-0  full 
13-32  in. — No.  3-0  full 
3-8  in. — No.  2-0  full 
11-32  in. — No.  0  full 


r>-16  in. — No.  1  full. 
0-32  in. — No.  2 
1-4  in. — No.  31 
7-32  in. —No.  5 
3-16  in.— No.  7 
5-32  in. — No.  9 


1-8  in  —No.  11 
1-10  in  —No.  13  full 
1-12  in —No.  14 
1-16  in. — No.  16 
1-32  in.— No.  22 


i 


THE  STANLEY  WORKS,. 


MANUFACTURERS 


Wrought  Iron 


FACTORIES: 

New  Britain,  Connecticut.  [ 

WAREHOUSE, 

79  Chambers  St., 

NEW  YORK. 


— OF— 


1 


n 


HINGES  and  DOOR  BOLTS. 


Goods  furnished  Plain,  Galvanized.  Jagannei,  Bronzed  and  Nickel  Plate 


HOPKINS’  HANDY  NOTES  AND  QUERIES.  39 


APPROXIMATE  WEIGHTS  OF  STRAP  AM)  T  HINGES. 

Weight  per  dozen.  Furnished  by  Stanley  Works. 

HEAVY  STRAP  HINGES. 


Size. ... 


I 


|  8  |  10  |  12  |  14  | 


10 


ins. 


EXTRA  HEAVY  T  HINGES. 


Size. 


I  8  |  10  |  12  | 


Weight 


|  20}4  |  34  *  |  64  |  IS  | 


STRAP  AND  T  HINGES  ARE  COUNTERSUNK  FOR  SCREWS. 


Inches  . 

. 1 

3 

4 

1  6 

1  0 

1  8 

1  io 

12 

14  | 

16  |  18 

Light  Strap.. .. 

6 

7 

1  8 

1  9 

1  io 

1  io 

1  12 

13  | 

13  | 

Heavy  Strap. . . 

1 

9 

1  9 

1  11 

1  12 

1  14 

16 

16  | 

16  | 

Light  T . 

| 

7 

1  8 

1  8 

1  9 

!  io  1 11 

12  I 

1 

Heavy  T . 

| 

1 

1  9 

1  io 

|H 

12 

13  I 

13  |  13 

Extra  Heavy  T 

| 

1  io 

1  11 

1  13 

|  14  |  16 

16  | 

16  | 

Hinge  Hasps.. 

| 

7 

1 

1  9 

1  io 

1  io 

12  | 

1 

1 

NARROW  WROUGHT  BUTTS. 


Inch 


Screws. 


|  X|  1  |  IX  |  1)6  I  154  |  2  | 

2  I  3 


|2|3|3|6|6|6|ti|6|7 


LOOSE  PIN  OR  BROAD. 


Size . 

2x2 

to 

2X*2 

2Xx2* 

to 

3x3 

3x3  X 

3^x3 

to 

4Xx4 

4Xx4X 

to 

5X 

6x6  to  6x7 

Screws . 

9 

10 

11 

12 

13 

14 

CAST  BUTTS 

▲BE  COUNTERSUNK  FOR  SCREWS  AS  FOLLOWS  : 
NARROW.  FAST  OR  LOOSE  JOINT. 


Inch . . . T1X  |  IX  I  2  |  2*  |  2X  |  3  |  3*  |  3*  i  4  |  4*  |  6  |  6 

Screws . |  6  |  ~7  |  7  |  8  |  8  [  8  |  10  |  10  [  10  |  12  |  14  |  18 

PARLIAMENT. 

Inch . I  2Xto3X  i  3Xand4  |  4X  to  7X  |  » and 


Screw 


8 


10 


11 


13 


BROAD,  FAST,  AND  LOOSE  JOINT  AND  LOOSE  PIN. 


Inch. 


Screw . 


2x2  to  2Xx3  |  3z2&to3Xx3X  |  3X*4 


Weight.  |  6X  |  10>g  1  19X  I  32^  |  55^  |  74,*,  |  89^  |  lOBXJlbs. 


14  |  16  |  ins. 
~S3&  |  87  X  |  lbs. 


WROUGHT  BUTTS— Countersunk  for  Screws. 

TABLE  BUTTS  AND  BACK  FLAPS. 

Inches . |  %  |  1  |  IX  I IX  1 1%  I IX  I IX  I  TX~|  l~2 

Size  Screw . |  6  |  6  |  7  |  7  |  7  |  8  \  8  |  9  |  9  |  9 


Inches..  |  1  \l%  \1H  I  IX  I  2  |  2X  1  2^  |  2X  1  3  |  3%  I  3X  |  3%  |  4  |  4X  I  6  I  &X  I  6 

Screws..  |6  |  6  |  7  |  7  |  8  |  8  |  9  1  9  |  10 1  12  |  12  |  12  |  12  1  14 1  14  |  14  |  14 

LIGHT  NARROW  AND  LIGHT  LOOSE  PIN. 


2X;  I  2*  I  3 

7 


10 


I  11 


Inch . |  i%x5  |  4x3 

Screw . |  10  |  10 


|  4x8Xto4Xc4X  |  4X±5  and  ppwards 

I  11  I  13 


l 


ARROLLTQN,  MlCH 


Mich.  Breckenridge.Mich 


N°.s  34  35  South  Street 


HOPKINS’  HANDY  NOTES  AND  QUERIES.  41 


TABLE 

SHOWING  AVERAGE  WEIGHT  PER  FATHOM,  ADMIRALTY  TEST,  AND 
SIZES  OF  CHAINS  REQUIRED  FOR  VESSELS,  ACCORDING  TO  THEIR 
REGISTERED  TONNAGE.  FOR  LOW  DECK  VESSELS  ADD  ONE  FIFTH 
TO  THE  TONNAGE. 


%  inch  and  smaller  chains  are  made  of  full  size  iron;  all  other  sizes  exact. 
Tested  to  the  English  Admiralty  Standard. 


German  Coil  Chain. 


Number 


1 000  1  00  |  0  |  1  I _ 1 


_ 0 

Weight  in  lbs. of  100  feet. . .  |  37  |  30^  |  24  |  19  j  1434  I  I  I  7  ! 
Breaking  Strength . |  MS  |  680  |  520  |  48S  |  S60  |  322  I  |  | 


Wire  Gauge . I  »l~«  I  T  1.8.1  1  '  l»  |H  I™  .HI 


fips 

«  w  p.? 


gSoS 

0  2  t*» 

«  §*;  2 
£  as  * 

„«  b®  f*» 

ffr** 

'O  >  >.S 


o 

^S  bfli?i4 
0  ®  o 

j  o,  2 

^  a°5  a 

o~  M§ 
0  ®  3  9 
0>  oo*£*2 

jE-§” 

“Is! 

SH  1. 

®-3°i> 

o  g 

alif'8 

“§§1 

as  bfi-a  q 

«n+>S 

n  Tj  bo 

45  a  0-0 

«,?SJ3 


a 

Ui 

H 


-I 

O 

CO 


CO 

a 

Ui 

Q 

a 


fe|5i 
a  a  ..a  A 

s  £.sl  g  o 

ao2|W 

I  ®  m'P  Ui 


„  .“i'S 

rt^sj  S  J 


VP  ^  — 

Oft  »M 

«  3  **  Z  a  n 

43  P^i  at  V  u- 
■m  S  Osh  q  _ 

oiq°3  S 

q^< 
q  „,  -S  •  S  ^ 

<D  —  ^  2  /it 

ssg.fS®’ 

ss*l= 

■oS  5) 

P  &U4X  « 

OS  rS’5’^ 
q>  +-*  2  .Ij 
o>  E  —  3  n 

,0  to  ^  .JH  O 

w-o  £5  a 
«i  S*g3 * 

>>gT3  ® 

Sf§S 

« l«  te  • 

*  H->  0  0 

as  s  « 

o 


< 

«G  _  O—1^ 
43  ®-3 
mV  =3  . 

£ 

K 

Are  mad 
edge  whi 
adjusted, 
embrace 
imported, 

Hopkins*  handy  notes  and  queries.  43 


Approximate  Weight  and  Strength  ot*  Cordage. 


® 

o 

“in 


o 


w 

ri  rd 

rl  u 


(I  thd. 
9  “ 


u 

-2  erf 

<D  0) 

a 

s  ° 


Weight  of 

100  F&t’ms, 

or  600  ft. 

in  lbs. 

Weight  of 

1 00  Fat’ms, 

Hawser  Laid 

in  lbs. 

We:ght  of 

100  Fat’ms, 

Tarr  d,  in 

lbs. 

o  $ 

C  £ 

djcq  ~ 
a  ,  - 

f  £.3 
h  ® 
cc  £ 

No.  of 

Fe<  t 

in  1  lb. 

14 

12 

17 

450 

43. 

20 

17 

24 

750 

33. 

28 

23 

34 

900 

21. 

34 

28 

41 

1250 

17. 

45 

38 

56 

1700 

13. 

61 

51 

76 

2250 

10. 

80 

67 

100 

3000 

7. 6  in. 

101 

84 

126 

3900 

6. 

125 

104 

156 

4700 

5. 

151 

126 

189 

5600 

4. 

180 

150 

225 

6750 

3.4  in. 

211 

176 

264 

7850. 

2.9  “ 

245 

203 

306 

9150 

2.4  “ 

281 

234 

351 

10600 

2.1 

325 

271 

400 

.11950 

1.10“ 

361 

300 

451 

13450 

1.7  “ 

405 

338 

506 

15150 

1.5  “ 

451 

376 

564 

16700 

1.4  “ 

500 

417 

625 

18700 

1.2  “ 

605 

504 

756 

22600 

1. 

720 

600 

900 

26900 

.10  in 

845 

704 

1056 

31500 

980 

817 

1225 

36600 

.7|“ 

1125 

938 

1406 

42000 

.«*  “ 

1280 

1067 

1600 

47800 

.5}  “ 

1445 

1204 

1806 

54000 

.5  “ 

1620 

1350 

2025 

60500 

.4*“ 

1805 

1504 

2256 

67300 

.4  “ 

2000 

1667 

2500 

74000 

.3£“ 

The  relative  Strength  of  Manila  to  Sisal  is  about  as  7  is  to  5. 

To  Obtain  the  Weight  of  Grindstones. 

Bulb  :  Square  the  diameter  (in  inches),  multiply  by  thickness 
(in  inches),  then  multiply  by  decimal  .  063G3. 

Example:  Find  the  weight  of  a  stone  4  feet  6  inches  diameter 
and  7  inches  thick. 

\4  ft.  6  in.  =54  inches;  square  of  54=2916;  multiplied  by  7 
=20412;  multiplied  by  .0G363=Hns.,  1928.815  lbs.,  which  is 

weight  of  stone. 


CLINCH  NAILS. 


Boiler  and  Bridge  Rivets. 

BOILER  BRACE  JAWS. 


SQUARE  ATT£>  XSSUXAGOXT 

N  U  T  S  . 

"W" tfe  Bolts. 


- — — .  - — — ~ 

FULLER  BROTHERS  &  C0-, 


139  Greenwich  Street, 


NEW  YORK. 


45 


HOPKINS’  HANDY  NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


Schedule  of  Extras  on  Cut  Nails. 


u 

a 

44 

u 

a 


44 


4* 

44 


44 

t4 

44 

44 

44 

i4 


lnd  to  60d  Common . . . at  Standard  or  Lowest  Price 

Sd  and  9d  “  . v5  per  keg  above  lOd 

6d  and  7d  “  50 

4d  and  5d  “  75 

3d  “  1.50 

3d  Fine,  ‘2d  and  Roofing . ‘a ‘25 

2d  Fine . 4.00 

Cut  Spikes,  all  sizes . . 25  “ 

Fencing  and  Sheathing . Same  price  as  same  size  Common  Nails. 

Coopers’,  Slating)  3,1  4d&5d  Cd  Sd  10,1  *Mi(1  lai'^r- 
and  Tobacco. .  1  2  o0 

'  !•»  1.00  .75  « 

Finishing .  1  75  1.50  1.25  1.00  “ 

Trunk .  1.75 


1  25  1.00  .75  .50  per  keg  above  lOd  common 


Clinch. 


2  &  2 X  in.  2X  &  2)4  3  in.  &  longer. 


2.00  1.75 

*•  in  hall  kegs..  2  50  2.25 


1.50  per  keg  above  lOd  common 
2.00  per  100  lbs.  “  “  “ 


Number  of  Nails  and  Tacks  in  a  Pound. 


Nails. 

Tacks. 

Title. 

Length . 

No.  in  a  lb. 

Title. 

Length. 

No.  per  lb. 

3  penny  fine 

1  ya  inch 

760 

nails 

1 

ouuce 

3  16  inch 

16.000 

3 

44 

common 

IX 

44 

480 

44 

1 X 

44 

7  32 

44 

10,666 

4 

44 

44 

IX 

«4 

300 

44 

2 

4  4 

X 

44 

8,000 

5 

44 

44 

m 

44 

200 

<4 

2  X 

44 

5-16 

44 

6,400 

6 

44 

44 

2 

44 

160 

44 

3 

44 

% 

44 

5,332 

7 

44 

44 

2X 

44 

128 

44 

4 

44 

7-16 

<4 

4,000 

8 

44 

44 

2  X 

44 

93 

44 

6 

44 

8-16 

44 

2,666 

9 

44 

4' 

2% 

44 

72 

44 

8 

44 

9  16 

44 

2,000 

10 

44 

44 

3 

44 

CO 

44 

10 

44 

10-16 

44 

1,600 

12 

44 

44 

3X 

44 

44 

4k 

12 

44 

11-16 

44 

1,332 

16 

4« 

4 

3X 

44 

82 

44 

14 

44 

12-16 

44 

1,143 

20 

44 

44 

4 

44 

24 

«4 

16 

44 

13-16 

44 

1,000 

30 

44 

44 

4>* 

44 

18 

44 

IS 

44 

14-16 

44 

888 

40 

44 

4. 

5 

44 

14 

44 

20 

4. 

15-16 

44 

800 

60 

44 

<4 

5^ 

44 

12 

44 

22 

44 

1 

44 

727 

60 

44 

44 

6 

44 

10 

44 

24 

44 

IX 

44 

CC6 

6 

fence 

2 

44 

80 

44 

8 

44 

44 

2X 

44 

50 

44 

10 

44 

44 

3 

44 

34 

44 

12 

44 

44 

3X 

44 

29 

44 

• 

No.  of  Cut  Spikes  in  Keg  of  100  Pounds. 


3  inch.... 

..2,900 

5  inch.... 

...  950 

OX  inches.... 

...  575 

3^  “  ... 

..2,100 

5 X  “  ••• 

....  850 

7  “ 

...  450 

4  c*  .... 

6  “  ... 

..  775 

S  “  . 

...  375 

4X  “  •  • 

..1,150 

i 


W.  &  J.  TIEBOUT, 

—  MANUFACTURERS  OF  — 

HARDWARE, 

For  SHIP  and  HOUSE  BUILDING. 


& 


USTo  *„  tO  &  18 

2sTEW  YORK, 

Manufacture  and  keep  in  stock  a  great  variety  of 


Galvanized  Iron  Hardware, 


Sblp  <3  Ipt.  a  a  di  x  o,  *  y  SEar«twai?a. 


Thickness 


HOPKINS'  HANDY  NOTES  AND  QUERIES.  47 


Weight,  of  Tire  Iron, 


PER  8ET  OF  54  FEET. 


Size. 

Lbs. 

Size. 

Lbs. 

1 

Size. 

Lbs. 

1 

by  3-16 

34 

1  1-4  by  1-4 

56 

1  1 

2  by  5-8 

169 

1 

by  1-4 

45 

1  1-4  by  5-16 

70 

1  5 

8  by  1-2 

148 

1 

by  5-16 

56 

1  1-4  by  3-8 

85 

1  5 

8  by  5-8 

T3 

1 

by  3-8 

68 

1  1-4  by  7-16 

90 

1  3 

4  by  1-2 

148 

1 

1  8  by  1-4 

50 

1  1-4  by  1-2 

113 

1  3- 

-4  by  5  8 

197 

1 

18  by  5-16 

63 

1  3-8  by  3-8 

93 

1  3 

4  by  3-4 

136 

1 

1  8  by  3  8 

75 

1  3-8  i  y  1-2 

124 

2 

by  1  2 

180 

1 

1-8  by  7-16 

88 

1  1-2  by  3-8 

101 

2 

by  5-8 

125 

1 

1-8  by  1-2 

101 

1  1-2  by  1-2 

135 

2 

by  3-4 

170 

Railroad  Spikes. 

NUMBER  IN  100  POUNDS. 


1-4 

5-16 

3-8 

7-16 

1-2 

5-8 


Length. 


3 

4 

5 

6 

7 

8 

9 

10 

12 

14 

1340 

1060 

870 

680 

620 

580 

540 

460 

380 

320 

290 

250 

! 

320 

280 

240 

220 

200 

1 

260 

210 

180 

170 

140 

130 

110 

170 

130 

100 

90 

80 

70 

Wrought  Boat  and  Ship  Spikes. 

NUMBER  IN  A  KEG  OF  150  POUNDS. 


an 

OQ 

0) 

Length. 

H 

3 

CO 

4 

4* 

5 

6 

64 

7 

n 

8 

84 

9 

94 

10 

_ 

1-4 

1910 

1585 

1326 

1223 

1025 

5-16 

1010 

963 

810 

605 

583 

521 

7-16 

542 

503 

461 

423 

402 

321 

1-2 

340 

312 

298 

280 

261 

240 

223 

9-16 

221 

200 

190 

180 

170 

160 

150 

140 

130 

5-8 

140 

130 

120 

110100 

BROWNING,  SISUM  &  CO., 

No.  85  CHAMBERS  ST.,  N.  Y., 

MANUFACTURE 

SpeoiaJiies, 

COTTERS  SPRING  KEYS, 

-  AND  —  n 

MANUFACTURERS’  SUPPLIES. 


No.30 


D  Rings,  a 


L  Belt  Hooks, 


FACTORY : 


BROOKLYN, 


STAPLES,  Ac. 


IN  FACT  EVERYTHING 
APPERTAINING 
TO 


N.  Y. 


OUR  GOODS  ARE  MADE  OF  THE  REST  STOCK  ONLY, 

properly  Tempered  and  Fully  Warranted, 


HOPKINS'  HANDY  NOTES  AND  QUERIES.  49 


Spring  Cotters  and  Keys  and  their  Applications. 

SPRING  COTTERS. 


No . 

30 

31 

32 

33 

34 

35 

30 

37 

30 

30 

Wire  Gauge.. 

For  Hole . 

For  Nuts . 

13 

13 

11 

11 

7 

7 

4 

4 

1 

1 

A 

A 

i 

i 

8 

h 

A 

i 

i 

4 

h. 

1  6 

h 

h 

il 

4 

£ 

l 

i 

1 

H 

i  H 

H 

SPRING  KEYS. 


No . 

000 

00 

0 

1 

2 

3 

4 

Wiro  Gauge . 

12 

12 

12 

11 

11 

10 

10 

10 

For  Hole . 

7 

32 

7 

3  2 

7 

32 

1 

4 

1 

4 

A 

392 

9 

3  2 

For  Bolts . 

* 

3 

T< 

$ 

£ 

t 

* 

1 

Machine  Bolts  with  Square  Heads  and  Nuts. 

Weight  op  100,  in  Pounds. 


Length. 

Inches. 


Thickness  of  Bolt  in  Inches. 


H 

5-1G 

% 

7-16 

Vi 

% 

% 

% 

4.16 

7.59 

10  62 

15.94 

23.87 

39.31 

•  •  •  • 

•  *  •  •  • 

34 

2 

4  22 
4.75 

7.87 

8.55 

11.72 

12.88 

16.90 
18  25 

25  06 
23.44 

41  38 
45.69 

73.62 

5.34 

9  12 

12  90 

19.38 

28.62 

49.50 

76. 

5.97 

9.59 

14.69 

20.69 

29.50 

51.25 

79.75 

G.50 

10  44 

16.47 

21.50 

31  .16 

53. 

83 

8 

10.78 

17.87 

22.88 

32.44 

56. 

85.38 

127.25 

% 

4 

11.81 

18.94 

26.19 

39.75 

63.12 

93.44 

140.56 

20.69 

28  87 

42.50 

74.87 

108.12 

14S  37 

X 

5 

21.69 

29  87 

44.87 

79.62 

113.12 

158. 76 

23.62 

31.31 

48.81 

■83. 

122. 

16. 55 

% 

G 

25  81 

34  44 

51. 3S 

87  88 

128.62 

174.88 

26.87 

36.62 

53.31 

92.38 

131 .75 

204  25 

T* 

56  87 

96.88 

139.56 

214.69 

59  12 

99.87 

145  50 

228.44 

X 

8 

61.87 

105  75 

150.88 

235. 3 t 

64.44 

1C9  50 

157.12 

248.88 

9 

70.50 

118.12 

169.92 

258.12 

10 

77. 

128.13 

184. 

276.18 

11 

82. 8S 

136.19 

193  13 

295.(9 

12 

86.37 

144.87 

209.75 

311.94 

13 

92. 

155.F2 

219.37 

135.61 

14 

•  •  •  • 

97  75 

163.68 

337.60 

351 .88 

15 

»  •  •  • 

•  •  •  • 

•  •  •  t 

103.25 

170.75 

349.05 

391.16 

- THE - 

Union  Nut  Company, 

99  Chambers  Street, 

A.  S.  UPSON,  Pres’t.  kl[U|  V  H  R  T.  SMITH,  Ass’t  Seo. 

S.  PEISBIE,  Sec.  &  Treas.  “til  lUPill,  j, L,  VAEICK, Ass’t Treas. 

MANUFACTURERS  OF 


NUTS  AND  WASHERS, 

CARRIAGE,  TIRE,  PLOW,  STOVE,  AGRICULTURAL  &  MACHINE 


BOLTS, 

Bolt  Ends,  Turn  Buckles,  Lag  and  Skein  Screws, 

dat^ikefe  Shfdwhfe, 


Rules,  Plumbs  and  Levels,  Try  Squares  and  T  Bevels, 


MANUFACTORIES, 

UNION  VI LLE, Conn.,  &  CLEVELAND,  Ohio. 


AGENTS  FOR 


The  Upson  Nut  Co- 
Cleveland  Nut  Co. 

Hotchkiss  &  Upson  Co- 


Standard  Rule  Co- 

Athol  Machine  Co. 

Bailey  Wringing  Machine  Co. 


Mecch  &  Hart  Co. 


A.  C.  HOOKS,  Traveling  Salesman. 


HOPKINS’  HANDY  NOTES  AND  QUERIES.  51 


TABLE 

SHOWING  THE  AVERAGE  NUMBER  OF  COLD  PRESSED  NUTS  IN  A  KEG, 
150  LBS  EACH,  SQUARE  AND  HEXAGON,  OF  STANDARD  SIZES, 


As  adopted  by  “  The  Association  of  Bolt  and  Nut  Manufacturers  of  the  TJ.  S.” 


Width. 

Thickness 

Hole. 

Bolt. 

No.  of 
Square. 

|  No.  of 
Hexagon. 

11-32 

5-32 

3-32 

1-8 

45,000 

13-32 

3-16 

5-32 

3-16 

22,500 

1-2 

1-4 

7-32 

1-4 

10.000 

10,500 

5-8 

5-16 

9-32 

5- 1 6 

5,106 

6,666 

3-4 

3-8 

11-32 

3-8 

2,727 

4,528 

7-8 

7-16 

13-32 

7-16 

1,904 

2,057 

7-8 

1-2 

7-16 

1-2 

1,695 

1,890 

1 

1-2 

7-16 

1-2 

1,218 

1,538 

1  1-8 

1-2 

1-2 

4-16 

1,016 

1,245 

1  1-8 

5-8 

9-16 

5-8 

885 

957 

1  1-4 

5-8 

9-16 

5-8 

638 

740 

1  3-8 

3-4 

21-32 

3-4 

450 

555 

1  1-2 

3-4 

21-32 

3-4 

368 

430 

1  5-8 

7-8 

25-32 

7-8 

260 

270 

1  3-4 

7-8 

25-32 

7-8 

243 

252 

1  3-4 

1 

7-8 

1 

249 

257 

2 

1 

7-8 

1 

163 

204 

2 

1  1-8 

15-16 

1  1-8 

143 

168 

2  1-4 

1  1-8 

15-16 

1  1-8 

109 

150 

2  1-4 

1  3-8 

1  1-16 

1  3-8 

85 

120 

2  1-2 

1  1-4 

1  1-16 

1  1-4 

81 

93 

2  3-4 

1  3-8 

1  3-16 

1  3-8 

55 

60 

3 

1  1-2 

1  5-16 

1  1-2 

51 

56 

3  1-4 

1  5-8 

1  7-16 

1  5-8 

39 

44 

3  1-2 

1  3-4 

1  9-16 

1  3-4 

32 

35 

3  3-4 

1  7-8 

l  11-16 

1  7-8 

28 

30 

4 

2 

1  13-16 

2 

20 

22 

List  of  Threads  for  Bolts  and  Nuts. 


Right  Hand  Threads. 

Left  Hand 

Threads. 

Size. 

No.  Threads. 

Size.  No. 

Threads. 

Size.'  No 

.  Threads. 

3-16. . 

...20 

7-8 . 

1-4  . 

. 18 

1-4  ... 

..  18,  16,  20 

1  . 

..  8,  10 

5-16 . 

. 16 

5-1G... 

...16,  18,  20 

1  1-8 . 

...8 

3-8  . 

. 14 

3-8  ... 

...14,  16 

1  1-4 . 

...7 

7-16 . 

. 14 

7-16... 

...14,  16,  12 

1  3-8 . 

...7 

1-2  . 

. 12 

1-2  ... 

...12,  14,  10 

1  1-2 . 

...7 

5-8  . 

9-16... 

...12 

1  5-8 . 

3-4  . 

. 10 

5-8  ... 

...10,  11,  12 

1  3-4 . 

...5 

7-8  .... 

.  9 

3-4  ... 

...10,  9,  12 

2  . 

...4  1-2 

1  . 

.  8 

The  first  column  of  the  number  of  threads  to  the  inch  are  the  standard  threads. 


- THE - 


AGENTS  FOR 


HELLER  &  BROTHERS 

HORSE  RASPS  AND  FILES 

_ 

ACEWTS  FOR 


G.  F.  BEWICK  &  CO.’S 


HOPKINS’  HANDY  NOTES  AND  QUERIES.  53 


TABLE 

SHOWING  THE  AVERAGE  NUMBER  OF  WASHERS  IN  A  KEG  OF  150 
LBS.,  OF  EACH  STANDARD  SIZE, 

As  Adopted  by  “  The  Association  of  Bolt  end  Nut  Manufacturers  of  the  U.  S." 


Diameter. 

Size  of  Dole 

Thickness 
Wne  Gauge. 

Size  of  Bolt 

No. in  150  Iba 

1-2 

1-4 

No.  18 

3-16 

80.000 

6-8 

6-16 

-  “  16 

1-4 

34.285 

3-4 

6-16 

“  16 

1-4 

22.000 

7-8 

3-8 

“  16  • 

5-16 

18.500 

1 

7-16 

“  14 

3-8 

10.550 

1  1-4 

1-2 

“  14 

7-16 

7.500 

1  3-8 

9-16 

“  12 

1-2. 

4.500 

i  1-2 

5-8 

“  12 

9-16 

3.850 

1  3-4 

11-16 

“  10 

5-8 

2.500 

o 

13-16 

“  10 

3-1 

1.600 

2  1-4 

15-16 

“  9 

7-8 

1.300 

2  1-2 

1  1-16 

“  9 

1 

950 

2  3-4 

1  1-4 

“  9 

1  1-8 

700 

3 

1  3-8 

“  9 

1  1-4 

550 

3  1-2 

1  1-2 

“  9 

13-8 

450 

PERKINS  HORSE  SHOES. 

Weight  expressed  in  ounces. 


Front  Shoes,  No. 

0 

1 

AJ 

3 

4 

5 

6 

7 

8 

Light . 

13 

15 

17 

21 

21 

29 

35 

Medium . 

17 

20 

24 

28 

34 

38 

Heavy . 

19 

22 

27 

32 

36 

41 

49 

54 

Hind  Shoes,  No.. 

0 

1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

7 

8 

Light  . 

10 

12 

15 

18 

22 

26 

Si 

Medium . 

14 

16 

20 

24 

28 

33 

Heavy . 

14 

17 

21 

25 

30 

34 

•  38 

43 

Mule,  No . 

1 

9 

3 

4 

5 

6 

7 

Front  Shoes . 

10 

12 

15 

18 

22 

25 

29 

“Ausahle”  Horse  Shoe  Nails. 


STANDARD  STZES. 


No . 

4 

5 

6 

7 

8 

9 

10 

12 

Length  in  inches. 
Number  in  pound 

1 « 
276 

1-LA 

168 

9  > 

^3  2 

138 

*  9L 

110 

9  7 
-  1  6 

96 

9  9 

•  6 

80 

2  n 

73 

3  Uj 

57 

-  IMPORTERS - 

ENGLISH  and  FRENCH  PLATE  GLASS. 

FRENCH  WINDOW  GLASS. 

FRENCH  PICTURE  <UASS. 

FRENCH  CAR  GLASS. 

ENAMELED  GLASS. 

GROUND  GLASS. 

CATHEDRAL  GLASS. 

RUBY,  BLUE,  GREEN,  ORANGE  and  PURPLE  GLASSY 


SHARRATT  &  NEW  TITS  ENGLISH  GLAZIERS’  DIAMONDS, 


- ALSO - 

American  Plate  Glass.  American  Window  Glass. 

Floor  and  Skylight  Glass.  Embossed  and  Cat  Glass' 


All  kinds  of  Glass  Out  to  any  Slz9  and  Shape  required.  Estimates  furnished; 


HOLBROOK  BROTHERS, 

87  and  89  Beektnan,  and  53  and  55  Cliff  Streets, 

hew  tore:  citt. 


HOPKINS’  HANDY  NOTES  AND  QUERIES.  S3 


WINDOW  GLASS. 

FRENCH  OR  AMERICAN. 


No.  op  Lights  per  Box  op  50  Feet, 


6 

by  8 

150 

13 

by 

20 

28 

16  by  54 

8 

24  by  30 

10 

3  2by  36 

6 

6/<j 

44 

8% 

130 

13 

44 

22 

25 

16 

10 

60 

8 

24 

4. 

32 

10 

32 

»  1 

38 

6 

7 

44 

9 

115 

13 

<4 

24 

23 

18 

a 

20 

20 

24 

a 

34 

9 

32 

< 

40 

6 

8 

44 

10 

90 

13 

4  4 

26 

21 

18 

a 

20 

18 

24 

a 

36 

9 

32 

41 

42 

6 

8X 

44 

10* 

81 

13 

44 

28 

20 

18 

4  t 

24 

17 

24 

*i 

38 

8 

32 

ii 

44 

5 

8 

44 

11 

82 

13 

U 

30 

19 

18 

a 

26 

16 

24 

ii 

40 

8 

32 

ii 

48 

5 

8 

44 

12 

75 

13 

<4 

32 

17 

18 

a 

28 

14 

24 

44 

42 

7 

32 

ii 

50 

5 

9 

44 

11 

73 

14 

44 

15 

34 

18 

n 

30 

14 

24 

ii 

46 

7 

32 

ii 

56 

4 

9 

44 

12 

67 

14 

44 

16 

32 

18 

a 

3 1 

13 

24 

i< 

48 

6 

32 

ii 

60 

4 

9 

44 

13 

62 

14 

44 

17 

31 

18 

44 

34 

12 

24 

44 

50 

6 

32 

ii 

66 

3 

9 

44 

14 

57 

14 

44 

18 

29 

18 

44 

36 

11 

24 

44 

54 

6 

34 

ii 

36 

6 

9 

44 

15 

53 

14 

44 

20 

26 

18 

44 

38 

11 

24 

ii 

55 

5 

34 

ii 

40 

6 

9 

44 

16 

50 

14 

44 

22 

24 

18 

44 

40 

10 

24 

44 

60 

5 

34 

ii 

44 

5 

9 

44 

18 

45 

14 

44 

24 

22 

18 

4  i 

42 

10 

24 

(4 

66 

5 

34 

a 

46 

5 

10 

44 

12 

60 

14 

44 

26 

20 

18 

44 

44 

9 

26 

44 

28 

10 

34 

a 

48 

5 

10 

44 

13 

55 

14 

4* 

28 

19 

18 

44 

46 

9 

26 

44 

30 

9 

34 

a 

50 

4 

10 

44 

14 

52 

14 

44 

30 

17 

18 

44 

50 

8 

26 

44 

32 

9 

5  4 

a 

54 

4 

10 

44 

15 

48 

14 

44 

32 

16 

18 

44 

52 

8 

26 

44 

34 

8 

34 

a 

65 

4 

10 

44 

16 

45 

14 

44 

34 

15 

18 

44 

56 

7 

26 

44 

36 

8 

34 

44 

60 

4 

10 

44 

17 

43 

14 

44 

36 

14 

18 

44 

60 

7 

26 

44 

38 

7 

34 

44 

66 

3 

10 

44 

18 

40 

14 

44 

38 

14 

20 

44 

22 

16 

26 

44 

42 

7 

36 

44 

40 

5 

10 

44 

20 

36 

14 

44 

40 

13 

20 

44 

24 

15 

26 

44 

44 

6 

36 

4i 

44 

5 

10 

44 

22 

33 

14 

44 

42 

12 

20 

44 

26 

14 

26 

« 

48 

6 

36 

44 

46 

4 

10 

44 

24 

30 

14 

44 

44 

12 

20 

44 

28 

13 

26 

44 

50 

6 

36 

44 

48 

4 

10 

4« 

26 

28 

14 

44 

46 

11 

20 

44 

30 

12 

26 

44 

52 

5 

36 

44 

50 

4 

10 

44 

28 

26 

15 

44 

16 

30 

20 

4 1 

32 

11 

26 

4< 

54 

6 

36 

44 

54 

4 

10 

44 

30 

24 

15 

44 

18 

27 

20 

44 

34 

11 

26 

4» 

58 

5 

36 

44 

56 

4 

11 

44 

12 

55 

15 

44 

20 

24 

20 

44 

36 

10 

26 

tt 

60 

5 

36 

44 

60 

3 

11 

44 

13 

61 

15 

44 

22 

22 

20 

4  4 

88 

10 

28 

30 

9 

36 

44 

64 

3 

11 

4  i 

14 

47 

15 

44 

24 

20 

20 

44 

40 

9 

28 

32 

8 

36 

44 

06 

3 

11 

44 

15 

44 

15 

44 

26 

19 

20 

4i 

42 

9 

28 

4* 

34 

8 

36 

14 

70 

3 

11 

44 

16 

41 

15 

44 

28 

17 

20 

44 

44 

8 

28 

<4 

36 

7 

38 

44 

40 

5 

11 

44 

17 

39 

15 

1 4 

30 

16 

20 

44 

4S 

8 

28 

4  4 

40 

7 

38 

44 

42 

5 

11 

44 

18 

37 

15 

44 

32 

15 

20 

44 

50 

7 

28 

4  4 

42 

6 

38 

44 

44 

4 

11 

44 

20 

33 

15 

44 

34 

14 

20 

44 

54 

7 

28 

46 

6 

38 

44 

52 

4 

11 

44 

22 

30 

15 

44 

36 

13 

20 

44 

68 

6 

28 

4‘ 

50 

5 

38 

44 

56 

3 

11 

44 

24 

27 

15 

44 

38 

13 

20 

44 

64 

6 

28 

4* 

56 

5 

38 

4  i 

62 

3 

12 

44 

13 

46 

15 

44 

40 

12 

22 

(( 

24 

14 

28 

44 

60 

4 

38 

44 

66 

3 

12 

44 

14 

43 

16 

44 

16 

28 

22 

44 

26 

13 

28 

44 

66 

4 

40 

44 

40 

4 

12 

44 

15 

4'- 

16 

44 

18 

25 

22 

44 

28 

12 

30 

.4 

30 

8 

40 

44 

42 

4 

12 

44 

16 

38 

16 

44 

20 

23 

22 

4  » 

30 

11 

30 

44 

32 

8 

40 

44 

44 

4 

12 

44 

17 

35 

16 

44 

22 

21 

22 

44 

32 

10 

30 

• 

34 

7 

40 

44 

50 

4 

12 

44 

18 

34 

16 

44 

24 

19 

22 

4  4 

34 

10 

30 

4  ‘ 

38 

7 

40 

i  4 

54 

3 

12 

44 

20 

30 

16 

44 

26 

17 

22 

44 

36 

9 

30 

4‘ 

40 

6 

40 

44 

60 

3 

12 

44 

22 

27 

16 

44 

28 

16 

22 

44 

83 

9 

30 

*  4 

4  4 

6 

40 

44 

66 

3 

12 

44 

24 

25 

16 

44 

80 

15 

22 

44 

40 

8 

30 

4< 

46 

5 

40 

44 

72 

3 

12 

44 

26 

23 

16 

44 

32 

14 

22 

44 

42 

8 

30 

’48 

5 

42 

44 

42 

4 

12 

44 

28 

22 

16 

44 

34 

13 

22 

44 

44 

7 

30 

44 

50 

5 

42 

4  4 

48 

4 

12 

44 

30 

20 

16 

44 

36 

13 

22 

44 

48 

7 

30 

4‘ 

52 

5 

42 

4  4 

52 

3 

12 

44 

32 

19 

16 

44 

38 

12 

22 

4  4 

50 

7 

30 

4‘ 

54 

4 

42 

44 

62 

3 

12 

44 

34 

18 

16 

44 

40 

11 

22 

44 

52 

6 

30 

4‘ 

56 

4 

42 

68 

3 

12 

44 

86 

17 

16 

44 

42 

11 

22 

44 

55 

6 

30 

44 

60 

4 

44 

44 

46 

4 

13 

44 

14 

40 

16 

44 

44 

10 

22 

44 

60 

5 

30 

44 

64 

4 

44 

44 

50 

3 

13 

44 

15 

37 

16 

44 

45 

10 

24 

44 

24 

12 

30 

44 

66 

4 

44 

44 

56 

3 

n 

44 

16 

35 

16 

44 

48 

9 

24 

tl 

26 

12 

30 

44 

70 

3 

46 

44 

64 

3 

13 

44 

IS 

31 

16 

44 

52 

9 

24 

44 

28 

11 

l  32 

44 

34 

7 

46 

44 

64 

3 

X 

I 


28  COLLEGE  PLACE, 

r 

NEW  YORK. 


AND 


o 


HOPKINS’  HANDY  NOTES  AND  QUERIES.  57 


Solid  Eye  Sash  Weights. 

LENGTH  AND  THICKNESS  OF  EACH  SIZE. 


Weight. 

Inches 

i 

Inches 

| 

Inches 

in 

Length. 

Weight. 

in 

Length. 

1  Weight. 

in 

Length 

Diam. 

Diam, 

Diam, 

2 

4 

4 

9 

4 

181 

18 

2 

23} 

n 

4 

g| 

*2 

4 

!»} 

19 

2 

21} 

3 

4 

s 

10 

4 

18 

20 

2 

25 1 

3} 

4 

10} 

4 

18{ 

21 

2 

27* 

4 

4* 

u 

1} 

n 

11 

11?; 

4 

4 

mi 

20* 

22 

23 

2 

9 

w 

o-a 

**  4 

29  :j 

5 

4 

12} 

12 

4 

18;- 

21 

o 

•a 

311 

4 

4 

m 

of 

12* 

4 

191 

25 

o 

32j 

G 

4 

13 

2 

17} 

2G 

9 

Art 

32£ 

4 

4 

ig| 

H 

2 

19 1 

27 

») 

4J 

34* 

7 

lX 

17 

ir» 

O 

id 

20; 

28 

2 

3G? 

38| 

7} 

4 

18i 

1G 

9 

m 

29 

2 

8 

4 

1G} 

17 

2 

22.} 

30 

0 

w 

39* 

8* 

4 

m 

1 

Measuring  Building  Materials. 

*  The  following  figures  are  worth  remembering,  as  they  will  save  a  good 
deal  of  calculation  and  give  approximately  accurate  results  with  a  minimum 

of  lab  r : 

A  cord  of  stone,  three  bushels  of  lime  and  a  cubic  yard  of  sand  will  lay 
100  cubic  feet  of  wall. 

Five  courses  of  brick  will  lay  1  foot  in  height  on  a  chimney. 

Nine  bricks  in  a  cour.-e  wiil  make  a  Hue  8  inches  wide  and  20  inches  long, 
and  8  bricks  in  a  course  will  make  a  llue  8  inches  wide  and  16  inches  loug. 

Eight  bushels  of  good  lime.  16  bushel  ■<  of  sand  and  one  bushel  of  hair 'will 
make  enough  mortar  to  plaster  100  square  yards. 

One-fifth  more  siding  and  flooring  is  needed  than  the  number  of  square 
feet  of  surface  to  bo  covered,  because  of  the  lap  in  the  siding  and  matching 
of  the  floor 

One  thousand  laths  will  cover  TO  yards  of  surface,  and  11  pounds  of  na’ls 
will  nail  them  on. 

One  thousand  shingles  laid  4  inches  to  the  weather  wiil  cover  100  square 
feet  of  surface,  and  five  pounds  of  shingle  nails  will  fasten  them  on. 

Comparative  Yalues  of  Woods  for  Fuel. 

Taking  shellbark  hickory  as  the  highest  standard,  and  calling  that  100, 
other  tteeswtll  compare  w.th  it  for  burning  purposes,  as  follows:  Shell- 
hark  hickory  ,  100;  pignut  hickory,  95  ;  white  oak,  81 ;  white  ash,  TT  ;  dog¬ 
wood,  75  ;  scrub  oak.  Id  ;  white  hazel,  72  ;  apple  tree,  70  ;  white  beech,  6!) ; 
hi  ick  birch,  65;  hard  mtple,  65:  black  walnuc,  62 ;  yellow  oak,  6o;  white 
elm,  53:  red  oik,  5  > ;  reicedir,5>;  wild  cherry,  55 ;  yellow  pine.  61 ;  chest¬ 
nut,  52.*  yellow  poplar,  61 ;  butternut,  43  ;  wnite  birc'a,  43 ;  white  pine,  30. 

Strength  of  Ice. 

Ice  two  inches  thick  will  bear  mm  on  foot;  four  inches,  men  on  horse¬ 
back;  six  inches  thick  will  bear  cat  la  au.l  teams  with  light  loads;  eight 
inch  -s  t.iick,  teams  wi  h  heavy  loa  Is.  Ten  inch  -s  will  su-tain  a  pressure 
or  1,01)  pound)  o;r  square  foot.  Tue  above  is  on  the  supposition  that  the 
ice  is  sound,  and  not  ••  snow-ice.” 


—  MANUFACTURERS  OF  — 


ROLL  &  SHEET  BRASS, 

BRASS  &  COPPER  WIRE, 


COPPER  RIVETS  &  BURRS, 

BRASS  RODS  &  DOOR  RAIL, 

LANTERNS  &  LANTERN  TRIMMINGS, 

J RON  AND  TINNED  RIVETS, 

BRASS  &  JAPANNED  OILERS, 
LAMP  COLLARS  &  SOCKETS, 
BRASS  &  COPPER  TUBING, 

BRASS  BUTT  HINGES, 

BRASS  &  IRON  JACK  CHAIN, 

Kerosene  Oil  Burners  &  Trimmings. 

FOWLER  Si  LAMIETH’S  PATENT  FLS  FANS, 


LIADHIL  BURNERS  !hi>- 

&c.,  &c.,  Ac., 

No.  19  MURRAY  STREET, 

sew  vo»jr.  ! 


i 


HOPKINS'  HANDY  NOTES  AND  QUERIES.  09 


Weight  of  Iron,  Steel,  Copper  and  Brass  Plates. 

DIAMETER  AND  THICKNESS  DETERMINED  BY  AMERICAN  GAUGE. 


Weight  of  Plates  per  Square  Foot. 

No.  of 

Size  of 

Gauge. 

each  No. 

Wrought 

Iron. 

Steel. 

Copper. 

Brass. 

Inch. 

Lbs. 

Lbs. 

Lbs. 

Lbs. 

0000 

.46000 

17.25 

17.48 

20.838 

19.688 

000 

.40964 

15.3615 

15.5663 

18.557 

17.533 

00 

.36480 

13.68 

13.8624 

16.525 

15.613 

0 

.32486 

12.1823 

12.3447 

14.716 

13.904 

* 

.28030 

10.8488 

10.9934 

13.105 

12.382 

2 

.25763 

9.6611 

9. 7899 

11.671 

11.027 

3 

22942 

8.C033 

8.7180 

10.893 

9.8192 

4 

.20431 

7.6616 

7.7638 

9.2552 

8.7445 

6 

.18194 

6.8228 

6.9137 

8.2419 

7.787 

6 

.16202 

6.0758 

6.1568 

7.3395 

6.9345 

7 

.14428 

5.4105 

5.4826 

6.5359 

6.1752 

8 

.12849 

4.81S4 

4  8826 

5.8206 

5.4994 

9 

.11443 

4.2911 

4.3483 

5.1837 

4.8976 

10 

.10  89 

3.8209 

3.8718 

4.6156 

4.3609 

11 

.090742 

3.4028 

3.4482 

4.1106 

3.8833 

12 

.080868 

3  0303 

3.0707 

3.6606 

3.4586 

13 

.071961 

2.6985 

2.7345 

3.2598 

3.0799 

14 

.064084 

2.4032 

2.4352 

2.9030 

2.7428 

15 

.057068 

2.1401 

2.1686 

2.5S52 

2.4425 

16 

.050820 

1.9058 

1.9312 

2.3021 

2.1751 

IT 

.045257 

1.6971 

1.7198 

2.0501 

1.937 

18 

.040303 

1.5114 

1.5315 

1.8257 

1.725 

19 

.035890 

1.3459 

1.3638 

1.6258 

1.5361 

21 

.031961 

1 . 1985 

1.2145 

1.4478 

1.3679 

21 

.028462 

1.0673 

1.0816 

1.2893 

1.2182 

22 

.025347 

.95051 

.96319 

1.1482 

1.0849 

23 

.022571 

.S4641 

.8577 

1.0225 

.96604 

24 

.020100 

.75375 

.7638 

.91053 

.86028 

25 

.017900 

.67125 

.6802 

.81087 

.76612 

26 

.01594 

.59775 

.60572 

.72208 

.68223 

2T 

.014195 

.53231 

.53941 

.64303 

.60755 

28 

.072641 

.47404 

.48036 

.57264 

.54103 

29 

.011257 

.42214 

.42777 

.50994 

.48180 

30 

.010025 

.37584 

.38055 

.45413 

.42907 

31 

.008928 

.S34S 

.33926 

.40444 

.38212 

82 

.007950 

.29813 

.3051 

.36014 

.34026 

33 

.007030 

.2655 

.26904 

.32072 

.30302 

34 

.006304 

.2364 

23955 

.28557 

. 269S1 

S5 

.005614 

.21053 

.21333 

.25431 

.24028 

36 

.005000 

.1875 

.19 

.  2265 

.2140 

•31 

3S 

.004453 

.003965 

.16699 

.14869 

.16921 

.15067 

.20172 

.17961 

.19059 

.1697 

39 

.003531 

.13241 

13418 

.15995 

.15113 

40 

.C 03144 

.1179 

.11947 

.14242 

.13456 

Specific  Gi 

rav . 

7.200 

7.295 

8.693 

8.218 

Weight  per  Cubic 
Foot  •«  •••»•••••• 

450. 

456. 

543.6 

513.6 

Stanley  Rule  and  Level  Go. 

*  MANUFACTURERS  OF 

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ALSO, 


BAILEY'S  PATENT  ADJUSTABLE  PLANES 


AND  OTHER  IMPROVED  CARPENTER’S  TOOLS.. 

Factories,  1VEW  BRITAIN,  Conn. 

Wa^erooms.  No.  29  Chambers  Street,  New  York. 

Illustrated  Catalogues  furnished  to  Dealers  on  application. 


Butchers’  Cleavers, 
Butchers*  Choppers, 

Axes  and  Hatchets, 

Grub  Hoes  and  Mattocks, 
Mill  Picks, 

Box  Ciiibeli  and  Scrapers, 


Bradley’s 
Teels, 

Ring  Bush  Hooks, 

Ax  Eye  Bu?>h  II  inks, 

Socket  Bush  Hooks, 

Watt’*  Ship  Cat  penters’ Tools, 
Carpemei  s’  Drawing  Knives, 
Coopt  rs’  and  TurpeiuluoTooh, 


MARTEN  DOSCHER,  Agent, 

85  Chambers  Street,  N.  Y. 


HOPKINS’  HANDY  NOTES  AND  QUERIES.  61 


62  HOPKINS’  HANDY  NOTES  AND  QUERIES 


BRAZED  COPPER  TIPES. 


WEIGHT  PER  RUNNING  FOOT  IN  POUNDS. 


Diam.  inch. 

Thickness  in  Inches. 

1-16 

S-16 

% 

5  16 

X 

7-16 

1 

.8 

1.2 

1.7 

2  7 

3.8 

4.9 

X 

1. 

1.5 

2.1 

3  3 

4.5 

6. 

Vt 

1.2 

1.8 

2.5 

3.8 

5.3 

6.9 

X 

1  4 

2.1 

2.8 

4.4 

6. 

7.8 

2 

1.5 

2.4 

3  2 

4.9 

6.8 

8.7 

x 

1.8 

2.6 

3.6 

o.5 

7.6 

9.7 

Xt 

1.9 

2.9 

4. 

6  1 

8.4 

10.6 

X 

2.1 

3.2 

4.4 

6  7 

9  1 

11.7 

3 

2.3 

3  5 

4.7 

7.3 

9.9 

12.5 

X 

2.T 

4 

5  5 

8  4 

11.4 

14.4 

4 

3. 

4.6 

6.3 

9.5 

12.9 

16  3 

X 

3.4 

5.2 

7. 

10.7 

14.4 

18.2 

5 

3.8 

5.7 

7.8 

11 .8 

16. 

20.1 

X 

4.2 

6.3 

8.5 

13.1 

17.5 

22.5 

6 

4.6 

6.8 

9.3 

14  1 

19. 

23  9 

Standard  Sizes,  Lengths,  &c.,  of  Seamless  Drawn  Tubing. 


30  «  . 

£2  E 

n  =q 
t-'O 

Length 
Feet . 

n  . 
%  o 
c  *  be 
^  r  2 

<r*o 

Weights  per  Foot. 

Inches 

Outside 

Diam. 

A 

Ift? 

•■I. 

_  a  « 

§  e-a 

oS  « 

1-  rH 

Weights  per  Foot 

Brass. 

Copper. 

Brass. 

Copper. 

X 

12 

16 

% 

X 

1  15-16 

12 

11&10 

2 

2  1-10 

% 

.  12 

15 

X 

X 

2 

12 

44 

2  1-5 

2X 

13-16 

12 

15 

9-16 

9-16 

2  /8 

10 

44 

2X 

2X 

X 

12 

15 

X 

K 

/  8 

2X 

10 

44 

2% 

2X 

15-16 

12 

15 

11-16 

11-16 

2X 

10 

44 

2X 

2X 

1 

12 

4 

Vx 

% 

10 

2X 

3 

1* 

12 

14 

% 

X 

2X 

10 

44 

3 

3X 

IX 

12 

13 

lx 

1 

2% 

10 

44 

3X 

3X 

IX 

12 

li'M 

IX 

1% 

3 

10 

44 

3  1-3 

3X 

IX 

12 

12 

>x 

16-10 

3X 

10 

44 

3% 

4X 

IX 

12 

n  X 

IX 

17-10 

3X 

10 

i< 

4X 

4% 

1 X 

12 

ii 

IX 

18-10 

4 

10 

44 

5 

5* 

1  13-16 

12 

li 

1  13-16 

19-10 

5 

10 

(4 

7 

8 

1% 

12 

11&10 

1 X 

1  15-16 

Weight  of  Brass,  Copper,  and  Zinc  Tubing,  per  Foot* 

Numbered  by  Brown  Sharpe’s  Gauge.  Weights  m  Thousandths  of  Lbs. 


BRASS. 

No.  17. 

BRASS. 

No.  20. 

COPPER 

Lightning  Rod  Tube. 
No.  23. 

Inch. 

Lbs 

Inch. 

Lbs. 

mull. 

Lbs. 

>4 

.107 

X 

.032 

X 

.162 

5-16 

.167 

3-16 

.039 

916 

.176 

X 

.185 

X 

.063 

X 

.186 

7-16 

.234 

5-16 

106 

11-16 

.211 

X 

O  1  ft 

.*266 

X 

7  1A 

.126 

1  KQ 

X 

.229 

% 

.313 

X 

IDo 

.189 

Vx 

.377 

9-16 

.208 

ZINC. 

X 

.462 

X 

.220 

No.  20. 

1 

.542 

X 

.252 

IX 

675 

X 

.284 

X 

.161 

IX 

.740 

1 

.378 

X 

.185 

ix 

.915 

AX 

.500 

X 

.234 

134 

.9S0 

IX 

.580 

X 

.272 

2 

1.90 

1 

.311 

2X 

1.506 

ix 

.380 

3 

2  188 

IX 

.452 

I 


HOPKINS’  HANDY  NOTES  AND  QUERIES.  63 


PETER  A.  FRASSE.  JOHN  JL.  HOWE. 

PETER  A.  FRASSE  &  CO., 


©5  ST 

ISTH]  W  YORK. 

-  HEADQUARTERS  FOR - 

STUBS’  FILES,  TOOLS  and  STEEL  WIRE. 

OFFiCE  OF  £1.  Y.  FILE  WORKS, 


ESTABLISHED  1816. 

Agents  for 

Screw  Co. 

MORSE’S 

TwiLt  Drills 

AND 

Reamers. 

CROBETS' 

FIXE 

FiQisMngFilas 

DiesmRci’s 
Files. 

STEEL 


OP  ALL  KINDS. 

MANUFACTURERS  OF 


Manufacturers  cf 
P.  A.  F.&Co’s 

Roliillills. 

PolisMrg 

HeaManls. 

Steeles  &  Dies, 

ALL  MAKES. 

oil  Hones. 

CHUCKS. 

VISES. 

LATHES. 

Emery  Wheels. 
Belting. 


WAREAHTEE 

BUMIIS’,  HMD,  MACHINE  SCREW  MD  IT  TAPS, 

Suit  Hells  fir  HE!! DINE  TURKEY  GIL  STONE. 

H,ixfc©arb*S  Fiench  32**iery  Paper* 


HOPKINS'  HANDY  NOTES  AND  QUERIES.  65 


Table  of  Iron,  Steel,  Copper  and  Brass  Wire. 

WEIGHT  OF  100  FEET  IN  FOUNDS.  BIRMINGHAM  WIRE  GAUGE. 

Brass  and  Copper  Wire  from  0  to  25  is  numbered  by  Stubs’ 
Gauge.  Fine  Wire  from  No.  26  is  numbered  by 
London  Gauge. 


No.  of 

PEL  LINE 

AL  FOOT. 

Gauge. 

Iron. 

Steel. 

Copper. 

Brass. 

0000 

54  62 

55  13 

62  39 

58  93 

000 

47  86 

48  32 

54  67 

51  64 

00 

38  27 

38  63 

43  71 

41  28 

0 

30  63 

30  92 

34  99 

33  05 

1 

23  85 

24  07 

27  24 

25  73 

2 

21  37 

21  57 

24  41 

23  06 

3 

17  78 

17  94 

20  3 

19  18 

4 

15  01 

15  15 

17  15 

16  19 

5 

12  82 

12  95 

14  65 

13  84 

6 

10  92 

11  02 

12  47 

11  78 

7 

8  586 

8  667 

9  807 

9  263 

8 

7  214 

7  283 

8  241 

7  783 

9 

5  805 

5  859 

6  63 

6  262 

10 

4  758 

4  803 

5  435 

5  133 

11 

3  816 

3  852 

4  359 

4  117 

12 

3  148 

3  178 

3  596 

3  397 

13 

2  392 

2  414 

2  723 

2  58 

14 

1  826 

1  843 

2  085 

l  969 

15 

1  374 

1  387 

1  569 

1  482 

16 

1  119 

1  13 

l  279 

1  208 

17 

8915 

9 

1  018 

9618 

18 

6363 

6423 

7168 

6864 

19 

4675 

472 

534 

5043 

20 

3246 

3277 

3709 

3502 

21 

2714 

274 

31 

2929 

22 

2079 

2098 

2373 

2241 

23 

1656 

1672 

1892 

1788 

24 

1283 

1295 

1465 

1384 

25 

106 

107 

1211 

1144 

26 

0859 

0867 

0981 

0926 

27 

0678 

0685 

0775 

0732 

28 

0519 

0524 

0593 

056 

29 

0448 

0452 

0511 

0483 

30 

0382 

0385 

0436 

0412 

31 

0265 

0267 

0303 

0286 

32 

0215 

0217 

0245 

0231 

33 

017 

0171 

0194 

0183 

34 

013 

0131 

0148 

014 

35 

0066 

0067 

0076 

0071 

36 

0042 

0042 

0048 

0046 

Patented  November  14,  18T6;  November  6,  1878. 


Hade  of  a  Single  Piece. 
Best  Bloom  Iron. 

Highly  Polished. 


Tinned  Iron  Handle. 

A  First-Class  Article. 
Always  Satisfactory. 


FOB  SALE  BY  ALL  JOBBING  HOUSES  IN 


1ST  THE  UKITED  STATES. 


NEW  YORK  STAMPING  CO., 

SOLE  MANUFACTURERS, 

311  and  313  AVENUE  A, 


NEW  TORE. 


HOPKINS'  HANDY  NOTES  AND  QUERIES.  67 


Table  of  Weights  of  Sheet  Copper  per  Square  Foot,  and 
Thickness  per  English  Wire  Gauge. 


Stubbs’  Wire  Gauge  In  Inches. 


English 

Wire 

Gauge. 

Weight 

per 

square 

loot. 

Weight  of  each  sheet. 

14x48 

24x48 

30x60 

J  Gx72 

48x72 

lbs. 

oz. 

lbs. 

lbs. 

lbs. 

lbs. 

lbs. 

No.  1 

14 

8 

110 

181 

20 1 

348 

2 

13 

14 

111 

174 

250 

334 

3 

12 

12 

102 

159 

230 

306 

4 

11 

9 

93 

145 

209 

278 

5 

10 

1 

81 

12G 

182 

242 

G 

9 

6 

75 

118 

1G9 

22G 

7 

8 

11 

70 

109 

157 

209 

8 

7 

14 

G3 

99 

142 

190 

9 

7 

3 

58 

90 

130 

173 

10 

G 

8 

48 

81 

117 

156 

11 

5 

12 

4G 

73 

104 

139 

12 

5 

1 

4  L 

G4 

91 

122 

13 

4 

5 

. 

35 

54 

78 

104 

14 

3 

9 

29 

45 

65 

86 

15 

3 

4 

2G 

41 

59 

78 

1G 

2 

14 

23 

36 

52 

70 

17 

2 

8 

20 

32 

45 

60 

18 

2 

2 

18 

27 

39 

52 

19 

1 

15 

1G 

24 

35 

47 

20 

1 

12 

14 

22 

32 

43 

21 

1 

9 

13 

20 

29 

39 

22 

22 

G4 

12 

18 

2G 

35 

23 

20 

4 

10 

1G 

23 

31 

24 

18 

4 

9 

15 

21 

28 

25 

16 

H 

8 

124 

19 

25 

2G 

14 

4 

7 

11 

15 

21 

27 

12 

3  V 

G 

<)2. 

*' 3 

13 

18 

28 

10 

3 

5 

7 

11 

1 5 

No  l 

..5-16  in. 

No.  11 . 

3 . 

. 1-4  “ 

*•  10 . 

. 1-16  “ 

“  7 . 

«•  21 . 

. 1-32  *• 

Rules  to  be  Observed  in  Ordering  Metal  or  Wire. 

All  Metal  is  numbered  According  to  Brown  &  Sharpe’s  U.  S.  Standard  Gauge, 
which  is  known  as  The  New  Gauge.”  _r.  ~  . 

All  Wire  is  numbered  according  to  Stubs’  English  Wire  Gauge,  which  is  known 
ns  one  of  the  “  t  >ld  Gauges,”  to  No.  25  inclusive;  No.  26and  finer  by  London  Gauge. 

Parties  ordering  Metal  or  Wire  will  please  make  their  orders  to  conform  to 
above  Gauges  A 11  orders  where  the  mme  of  Gauge  is  not  stated,  will  be  tilled  as 
above.  In  case  parties  ordering  Metal  or  Wire  have  no  Gauge,  a  small  piece  of 
oither  material  may  be  sent,  which  will  answer  for  the  Number. 

For  difference  in  Gauges  see  comparative  tabie 

In  ordering  Metal  always  state  width  and  temper  wanted.  . 

In  ordering  Wire  always  state  whether  Hard,  Soft  or  Spring  Wire  is  wanted. 

1  he  term  “  High  ”  Brass  refers  to  color,  and  not  to  temper. 


OVER  150  KINDS  AND  SIZES. 


lUDDUfi  IMS’  SUMS  k  STRAIGHT  TfflllHS. 


With  MAROON  and  BLACK  JAPANNED  HANDLES. 

*>  *  ’  ;  '  ••  •  j  .»■  rS 


OR  WITH 

NICKEL  PLATED  HANDLES  and  BLADES. 


THEY  ARE  THE  HANDSOMEST  AND  MOST  DURABLE  MADE. 

BENT  TRIMMERS  AND  TAILORS  SHEARS. 

Every  pair  WARRANTED.  Sold  by  all  RELIABLE  dealers  everywhere. 


DIAMOND  EDGE 

SOLID  STEEL  SHEEP  SHEARS. 

Warranted  superior  to  Foreign  make  s. 


UP"  Agents  Wanted  in  every  Sheep  District. 


Address  HENRY  SEYMOUR  CUTLERY  CO.,  Holyoke,  Mass. 


HOPKINS'  HANDY  NOTES  AND  QUERIES.  69 

> 

WROUGHT  BRASS  BUTTS. 

Width  when  Open,  and  Sizes  of  Screws  Required. 


WIDTH  OF  BRASS  BUTTS,  WHEN  OPEN. 


Size . Inches 

* 

1 

1 

4 

4 

1  4 

141414 

Narrow . Width 

1 

1 

II  f. 

f 

1  l 

i  ^ 

1  8 

i 

Middle . 

f 

a 

4 

a 

4 

1 

l 

1  1 

1  1 

1 

1 

Broad . 

i 

i 

1 

8 

|1 

1 

1  4  1  4  1  4  1  4 

Desk . 

4 

If 

If 

If 

m  12 

1 2*1  n  1 2$ 

Size . Inches  | 

2 

n 

2*  |2f 

«> 

o 

\H 

3f  1  - 

Narrow  . Width 

1 

4 

1.1 

id 

i  it  1 1? 

2 

... 

Middle . 

4  1 4 

u. 

If 

4  1  if  1  if 

n 

... 

Broad . 

4 

u 

if 

1  U 

14 

14 

1  2 

2* 

•• 

Desk . 

“4 

3 

. . 

... 

... 

1  - 

•  •  • 

... 

BRASS  BUTTS  ARE  COUNTERSUNK  FOR  SCREWS 

AS 

FOIiLOWS 

Size . Inch 

*  ! 

a 

4 

8 

1 

4 

1  4 

4 

n 

4 

Narrow.... Size  of  Screw 

0 

1 

1 

2 

2 

IJL 

1  * 

* 

4 

Middle . 

0 

1 

1 

2 

2 

1  3. 

M 

* 

4 

Broad . 

0 

1 

1 

2 

2 

I» 

!  4 

4 

Desk . 

1 

2 

2 

4 

!  + 

1  -i 

5 

r> 

Size . Inch 

If 

4 

2 

2\ 

ol 

1  2  f 

i  8 

QJ. 

°4 

H 

Narrow.... Size  of  Screw 

* 

5 

5 

s 

0 

1  <5 

7 

-r 

i 

8 

Middle . . . 

4 

5 

5 

5 

(> 

1  <5 

!  7 

7 

« 

Broad .  . 

* 

•r> 

5 

•r> 

1  7 

1  7 

7 

Desk . 

6 

(> 

7 

... 

1  - 

1  ... 

... 

... 

EMERY  AND  CORUNDUM 

ARE  RANKED  OR  GRADED  AS  FOLLOWS  : 


Nosl  8  10 .  . Represents  a  Wood  rasp. 

“  itJ-20 .  “  Rough  file. 

“  24-30 .  “  Middle  cut  file. 

“  36-40 .  “  Bastard  cut  file. 

“  46— CO .  “  Second  cut  file. 

“  70-80 .  “  Smooth  cut  file. 

“  90-100 .  “  Superfine  cut  file. 

“  1 20-FFF .  “  Dead  smooth  file. 


Baeder  &  Adamson’s  Emery  Taper  and  Cloth 


COMPARE  WITH  GRADE  AS  FOLLOWS  : 


Nos .  000 

00 

0 

100 

1  1  1 

4 

2  |  2f  |  3 

Emery....  |  Crocus 

Flour 

120 

100 

90.  |  80 

7« 

GO  |  54  |  46 

70  HOPKINS’  HANDY  NOTES  AND  QUERIES 


i 


Composition  of  Various  Alloys, 


Alloys. 

Zinc. 

Tin. 

Ttnhbit  metal  . 1 . . . . 

10 

Rpll  mpt.ril . . . . . . . 

5 

TtrauB  enodne  hearings . . 

K 

13 

“  (tnrmh)  for  engine  -works . 

15 

15 

*<  “  for  heavy  bearing* . 

5 

25 

**  yellow  for  turning . 

1 

“  fr>r  loenmot.l ve  hearings . 

1 

7 

“  for  straps  and  glands . . . 

1 

16 

Plunges  t.o  stand  brazintr . 

1 

MetaT  to  expand  in  cooling . 

ATmitar’s  sheating . 

’46’ 

•  *  *  * 

100 

Spelter  . . . . . . 

1 

Sfailnarv  bronze . 

5 

2 

Solders. 

F^r  lend  ..  ! . 

1 

,l  tin . 

1 

li  pewter . . 

2 

44  braziii<*  (soft) . . . 

3 

1 

14  <4  °  '  (4 

2 

“  “  (hard) . 

i 

“  “  (hardest) . 

1 

•  •  • 

Cop¬ 

per. 


1 

16 

112 

100 

160 

2 

64 

130 

32 

6* 

”i’ 

90 


Anti¬ 

mony 


2 

‘ii 


Lead. 


1 

9 


IV 

2 

1 


Specific  Gravity  and  Weight  of  Metals  and  Alloys. 


Aluminium,  cast . 

Antimony,  cast  . . . 

Arsenic . . 

Bismuth,  cast . . . 

Brass,  cast . 

Brass,  rolled . about 

Bronze  (Copper  8,  Tin  1)  Gun  Metal,  about 

Copper,  cast . . 

“  rolled . . . 

“  wire . 

Gold,  pure,  cast,  24  carat .  . 

“  “  hammered,  24  carat . aboni 

Iron,  cast  )  purest  is  /common  av’ge 
“  wrought  /  heaviest  \  “  “ 

Lead,  cast . . 

“  rolled  . 

Mercury,  40° . 

“  32° . 

“  60° . 

“  212° . . 

Nickel,  Plate . 

Platinum,  hammered . about 

“  native,  iu  grains . 

Sl  ver,  pure,  east. . 

“  *•  hamtne.ed  . 

Steel  (Carbon  lightens  it) .  .common  av’ge 

Tin  (common  average) . 

Zinc  “  . 


u 


Specific 

Gravity 

Weight  of  a 
Cubic  Foot. 

Weight,  of  a 
Cubic  Inch. 

Lbs. 

Lbs. 

2560 

160 

.092 

6710 

419 

.243 

5*60 

.20S 

9822 

613 

.353 

7S00 

500 

.280 

8400 

527 

.304 

8390 

525 

.302 

8460 

528 

.305 

8750 

513 

.315 

8800 

543 

.317 

8851 

553 

.321 

19253 

1204 

.696 

195*  »0 

1217 

.702 

7210 

450 

.260 

7-70 

485 

.280 

11301 

70S 

.403 

11410 

712 

.411 

15630 

97S 

.566 

13610 

84S 

492 

135°0 

846 

.490 

13375 

S36 

.4S3 

880  t 

509 

318 

21500 

1343 

.775 

17500 

10474 

654 

.378 

10510 

655 

.379 

7850 

490 

2S3 

7290 

455 

.262 

7000 

437 

.252 

HOPKINS'  HANDY  NOTES  AND  QUERIES.  71 


Wires  of  Various  Metals  Compared. 

The  following  table  is  given  by  Mr.  David  Kirkaldy,  of  London,  to  exhibit 
the  tensile  strength  and  resistance  to  tension  of  wire  made  of  various  ma¬ 
terials. 


Specimens  Tested. 


Copper . 

Brass  . 

Charcoal  Iron . 

Coke  Iron . 

Steel . 

Phosphor  Bronze,  No.  1. 

‘  “  No.  2. 

“  “  No.  3. 

“  “  No.  4. 


Pulling  Stress  per  square  inch. 


Hard.  Pounds. 

Annealed 

Pounds. 

03  122 

37.002 

81.156 

61  550 

65.834 

46  60 

65.321 

61.294 

120  97G 

74.637 

159  515 

58.853 

151.119 

04.569 

73°  141 

54.111 

120.90, 

53.371 

Specimens  Tested. 

Extension  per  cent. 

No.  twists 
in  5  inches. 

Annealed. 

Hard . 

Annealed. 

Copper . 

34.1 

86.8 

96 

Brass . 

36.5 

14.7 

57 

Charcoal  l  on . 

28. 

48 

87 

flnk(>  T ron . 

17. 

26. 

44 

Steel  . 

10.9 

* 

79 

Phosphor  Bronze,  No.  1 . 

46.6 

13.3 

65 

“  No.  2 . 

42  8 

15.8 

60 

“  “  No.  3 . 

44.9 

17.3 

53 

“  “  No  4 . 

42.4 

13. 

124 

Of  the  eight  pieces  of  steel  tested  three  stood  from  4  .  to  45  twists,  and 

live  stood  from  \yt  to  4  twists. 


Relative  Malleability  of  tlie  Metals. 

1.  Gold.  3.  Copper.  5.  Platinum.  7. 

2.  Silver.  4.  Tin.  6.  Lead.  8. 

Specific  Resistances  of  Metals. 

.  1.00  "  . 


Zinc. 
Iron . 


Copj>er  .... 

Silver .  93 

Gold .  1.13 

Iron .  6.83 

Lead . 10.76 


Mercury .  60.00  Brass  Wire .  3.S8 

Palladium .  6.50  GennanSilverWire  11  .HO 

Platinum .  6.7'lNickct  Wire .  7.70 

't  in  Wire .  6.80  Calcium  Wire _  2.61 

Zinc  Wire .  3. 70. Aluminium  *  ire..  1  75 


Conductors  and  Non-Condnctors. 

In  the  following  list  each  subs’auce  named  conducts  better  than  that 
which  precedes  it  f  the  first  being  the  best  insulator,  the  last  the  bc9t  con¬ 
ductor 
1  Dry  Air. 

Paraffine. 

Hard  Rubber. 

Shellac. 

India  Rubber. 

Gntta  Percha. 

Sulphur. 


Giass. 

Silk. 


10  Dry  Paper. 

1  Porcelain. 

1  i  '.'try  Wood. 

13  Dry  Ice. 

14  Water. 

15  Saline  Solutions. 

16  Acids 


19  Lead. 

20  Tin. 

21  Iron. 

22  Platinum. 

23  Zinc. 

24  Gold. 

25  Copper. 

26  Silver. 


17  Charcoal  or  Coke, 
pi.iv.  18  Mercury. 

When  a  wire  of  small  resistance  and  an  insulator  of  great  resistance  are 
employed  upon  a  line,  the  highest  excellence  is  secured,  since  the  lower  the 
resistance  in  the  lormer  the  better  is  the  transmission,  and  the  higher  the 
resistance  in  the  latter,  the  less  the  waste  of  the  current. 


ESTABLISHED  1854. 


29  &  31  CLIFF  ST., 

Corner  Fulton,  NEW  YORK. 


DICKERSON  &  CO., 

Dale  Street,  Liverpool. 


Tin  Plate, 

Pig  Tin, 

Pig  Lead, 

Antimony, 

Ingot  Copper, 

Spelter. 

American  Sheet  Iron, 

Russia  Sheet  Iron, 

Sheet  Copper, 

Babbitt  Metal, 
Sheet  Zinc, 

Solder. 


AGENTS  IF  On 

Cleveland  Rolling  Mill  Co. 

MANUFACTURERS  OF 

STEEL  &  IRON  WIRE  OF  ALL  KINDS. 

•ST  See  Advertisement  facing  page  39. 


HOPKINS'  HANDY  NOTES  AND  QUERIES.  73 


Table  of  Standard  or  Regular  Tin  Plates. 


Size  and  Kind  of  Plates — Number  and  Weight  of  Sheets  in  a  Box,  and  Wire 
Gauge  Thickness,  of  every  Kind  and  Size. 


X 

X 

o 

X 

o 

o 

« 

o 

Size. 

Grade. 

w 

.9 

CO 

r4 

GO 

rC 

too 

3 

6 

Size. 

Grade. 

33 

S 

X 

.5 

QD 

tp 

3 

0 

0) 

a 

v 

a 

0> 

0) 

6 

.9 

X* 

c n 

o 

Ph 

? 

7j 

O 

Ph 

£ 

10  by  10 

IC 

225 

T8 

29 

18  by  13 

TC 

225 

130 

29 

44 

IX 

225 

98 

2T 

IX 

225 

164 

27 

44 

IXX 

225 

112 

26 

44 

IXX 

225 

190 

26 

44 

IXXX 

225 

124 

25 

44 

IXXX 

225 

216 

25 

ii 

IXXXX 

225 

140 

24% 

14  by  14 

TC 

225 

152 

29 

10  by  14 

IC 

225 

103 

29 

44 

IX 

225 

192 

2T 

44 

IX 

225 

186 

2T 

44 

IXX 

225 

221 

26 

<4 

IXX 

225 

159 

26 

44 

IXXX 

225 

250 

25 

44 

IXXX 

225 

1T8 

25 

44 

IXXXX 

225 

2T9 

24)4 

2T 

44 

IXXXX 

225 

200 

24  X 

15  by  15 

IX 

225 

221 

10  by  20 

IC 

225 

156 

29 

44 

IXX 

225 

255 

26 

u 

TX 

225 

196 

2T 

44 

IXXX 

225 

288 

25 

11  by  11 

IC 

225 

95  29 

44 

IXXXX 

225 

322 

24)4 

44 

IX 

225 

118 

2T 

16  by  16 

IC 

225 

200 

29 

44 

IXX 

225 

135 

26 

4  4 

IX 

225 

252 

2T 

11  bv  15 

SMC 

200 

164 

26 

44 

IXX 

225 

290 

26 

44 

SI)X 

200 

185 

25 

44 

IXXX 

225 

328 

25 

44 

SDXX 

200 

206 

24% 

(4 

IXXXX 

225 

368 

24)4 

44 

SDXXX 

200 

226 

24 

IT  by  IT 

IX 

112 

140 

27 

44 

snxxxx 

200 

248 

23 

44 

IXX 

112 

162 

26 

22  bv  15 

SDC 

10'i 

164 

26 

44 

IXXX 

112 

184 

25 

44 

SDX 

100 

185 

25 

44 

IXXXX 

112 

2<’5 

24)4 

44 

SDXX 

100 

206 

24  X 

18  by  18 

IX 

112 

158 

2T 

44 

SDXXX 

100 

226 

24 

IXX 

112 

182 

26 

44 

SDXXXX 

100 

248 

23 

44 

IXXX 

112 

206 

25 

12&  by  IT 

DC 

100 

96 

28 

44 

IXXXX 

112 

231 

24)4 

44 

DX 

100 

124 

26 

22  by  22 

IXX 

56 

135 

26 

44 

DXX 

100 

145 

24 

44 

IXXX 

56 

... 

25 

(4 

DXXX 

|  100 

166 

23 

44 

IXXXX 

56 

.  .  . 

24)4 

41 

DXXXX 

1  100 

185 

22 

24  by  24 

IXX 

56 

15T 

26 

15  bv  21 

l)X 

100 

188 

2T 

44 

IXXX 

56 

... 

25 

44 

DXX 

100 

214 

24 

a 

IXXXX 

56 

24)4 

44 

44 

DXXX 

DXXXX 

100 

100 

245 

2T6 

23 

22 

Tkrnk  Plates. 

25  by  IT 

1)C 

50 

96 

28 

14  by  20 

TC 

112 

108  29 

44 

DX 

50 

124 

26 

4  * 

IX 

112 

136  2T 

44 

DXX 

50 

145 

24 

20  by  28 

IC 

112 

216,29 

44 

DXXX 

50 

166 

23 

4  4 

IX 

112 

2T2 

27 

4  4 

DXXXX 

50 

185 

22 

20  by  200 

IC 

•  •  •  • 

172 

29 

14  by  20 

IC 

112 

108 

29 

44 

IX 

•  •  •  • 

216 

2T 

44 

44 

IX 

IXX 

112 

112 

136 

15T 

2T 

26 

Tin  Taggers. 

44 

IXXX 

112 

1T8 

25 

10  by  14 

|  1450 

|  108  |  38 

44 

44 

IXXXX 

IXXXXXX 

112 

112 

200 

240 

24% 

23X 

Black  Taggers. 

12  by  12 

IC 

225 

108 

29 

10  by  14 

256 

108(32 

44 

IX 

225 

136 

2T 

44 

300 

108)34 

44 

IXX 

225 

15T 

26 

44 

360 

i  03 1 3<J 

44 

IXXX 

225 

1T8 

25 

44 

450 

108  3S 

[Uimiiuuuiuii 


Manufacturers  of 


Street  and  5$ 


FACTORIES  : 

Brooklyn,  X.  F. 


ADDRESS: 

P.  O.  Box  2,517, 

New  York # 


HOPKINS'  HANDY  NOTES  AND  QUERIES.  75 


From  the  “  Metal  Worker.” 

Cost  of  Tin  Hoofing. 

The  following  table  shows  the  cost  per  square  and  per  square 
foot  of  tin  roofing,  laid  with  14x20  tin,  with  tin  at  any  price 
from  $4  to  $10  per  box.  The  first  column  contains  the  price 
per  box  of  tin ;  the  second  column  shows  the  cost  of  tin  p.  r 
square  (100  square  feet)  of  surface,  and  tho  third  column  shows 
the  cost  of  tin  per  square  foot  of  suiface  : 

FLAT  SEAM  HOOFING — COST  WITH  14x20  TIN. 

Cost  per 

Cost  per 

Bquai  e  of 

square  of 

Price  of  tin 

flat  root 

Cost  per 

Price  of  tin  flat  roof 

Cost  per 

per  box. 

14x20  tin. 

sq.  foot. 

per  box.  14x20  tin. 

sq.  foot. 

$4.25. 

...$2.21 . 

.0221 

$8.25 . $4.29 . 

.  .0429 

4.50.... 

O  04 

•  ••  •***’••••••  • 

.0234 

8.50 . "4.42 . 

.  .0442 

4.75.... 

...  2.47 . 

.0247 

8  •  /  *)«•••••••• .  4  •«)«)  ••••• 

.  .0455 

5 .00  . . 

..  2.00 . 

.O20'» 

9.00 .  4.08 . 

.  .0408 

r.  9  > 

•  •  •  ^  • 

.0273 

9.25. .  4.81 . 

.  .0481 

/)  •  oO .  •  •  • 

....  2.80 . 

.0280 

9.50 .  4.94 . 

.  .0494 

n  75 

9  qq 

•  ••  •«/«/•  •••••• 

.0299 

9.75 .  5.07 . 

.0507 

0.00.... 

.0312 

10.00  .  5.20 . 

.  .0520 

6.25... 

...  3.25 . 

.0325 

10.25 .  5.33 . 

.  .0633 

0.50.... 

•  *  •  •  38  •  •••••• 

.0338 

JO. 50 .  5.46 . 

.  .0540 

0 . 7o  •  •  • 

•  ••  3  •  til  ••»•••  • 

.0351 

10.75 .  5.59 . 

.  .0559 

7.00.... 

q  (\A 

•  •  •  ••••••  • 

.0304 

11.00 .  5.72 . 

.  .<>572 

7.25.... 

3  77 

.0377 

11.25  .  5.85 . 

.  .0585 

7.50.... 

•  •  •  •  O  •  30  •  •••••• 

.0390 

11.50 .  5.98 . 

.  .<598 

7  75 

4 . 03 . 

.  0403 

11.75 .  0.11 . 

.  .0011 

1  8.00.... 

....  4.16 . 

.0410 

12.00 .  0.24 . 

.  .0024 

STANDING  SEAM  ROOFING 

—  COST  WITH  14x20  TIN. 

1 

1 

Cost  per 

Cost  per 

square  of 

square  of 

standing  seam 

standing  seam 

Price  of  tin 

roof  with 

Cost  per 

Price  of  tin  roof  with 

Cost,  per 

per  box. 

14x20  tin. 

sq.  foot. 

per  box.  14x20  tin. 

sq.  foot. 

|  $1.2.')...... 

•  •  •  ••••••« 

.0237 

$7.25 . $4.03 . 

.  .0403 

4.50 . 

9  51 

•  •  •  •  w  «  u  1  ••••••  1 

.0251 

7.50 .  4.17 . 

.  .0417 

4.75 . 

....  2.05 . 

.0205 

7.75 .  4.31 . 

.  .0431 

5  00 . 

....  2.79 . 

.0279 

8.00 .  4.45 . 

.  .0445 

•  )  •  •#•••• 

....  2.93 . 

.0293 

8.25 .  4.59 . 

.  .0459 

5.50 . 

. . .  3. 00 . 

.  0300 

8.50 .  4.73 . 

.  .0473 

r.  7  ft 

3  ‘>0 

.  0320 

.  0487 

'»  . 

9.00 .  5.01  . 

.  .05<>l 

0.25 . 

....  3.48 . 

.<>348 

9.25 .  5.15 . 

.  .0515  . 

6.50 . 

....  3.02 . 

.  0302 

9.50 .  5.29 . 

.  .0529 

0.75 . 

.  ..  3  70 . 

.0370 

9.75. .  5.43 . 

.  .0543 

7.00 . 

...  3.90 . 

.0390 

10.00 .  5.57 . 

.  .0557 

IRON  CLAD  MANUFACTURIN6  CO. 


LARGEST  MANUFACTURERS  OF 

Calf asiz  bA  Sleet  Ira 


IN  THE  UNITED  STATES, 

St'CH  AS 

COAL  HODS,  ASH  CANS, 

WATER  and  FIRE  BUCKETS, 


Refrigerator  or  Drip  Pans, 


'Well  Buckets,  Oil  Tanks,  «£c. 

Also,  Manufacturers  of  the  Justly  Celebrated 

IRON  CLAD  MILK  CANS, 

In  New  Yorh ,  Philadelphia ,  Cincinnati .  Baltimore , 
Chicago,  Boston ,  and  St.  Louis  Patterns. 

STAMPED  WARE  AND  TINNERS'  TRIMMINGS. 

Faae,  llivets.  ike. 

Iron  Clad  Manufacturing  Co., 

22  CLIFF  ST.,  NEW  YORK, 


HOPKINS’  HANDY  NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


Cost  of  Tin  Roofing — Continued. 

The  following  table  shows  the  cost  per  square  and  per  square 
foot  of  tin  roofing,  laid  with  20x28  tiu,  with  tin  at  any  price 
from  $8  to  $24  per  box.  The  first  column  contains  the  price 
per  box  of  tin ;  the  second  column  shows  the  cost  of  tiu  per 
1 1  square  (100  square  feet)  of  surface,  and  the  thiid  column  shows 
the  cost  of  tin  per  square  foot  of  surface  . 


FLAT  SEAM  HOOFING— 

-COST  WITH 

20x28  tin. 

Cost  per 

Cost  per 

square  of 

square  of 

Price  of  tin 

flat  seam  roof 

Cost  per 

Price  of  tin 

flat  seam  roof 

Cost  per 

per  box. 

20x28  tin. 

sq.  foot. 

per  box. 

20x28  tin. 

sq.  foot. 

$8.00.... 

....$2.01 . 

..  .0201 

$16.00  ... 

. $1.01  .... 

.0401 

8  .  50 . . . . 

....  2.13 . 

..  .0213 

16.50.... 

.  4.13 . 

.0413 

9.00.... 

...  2.26 . 

.  .0226 

17.00.... 

.  4.26  . 

.0426 

9.50... 

....  2.38.  ... 

..  .0238 

1 7 . 50 .... 

.  4.38 . 

.0438 

10.00... . 

....  2.51 . 

.  .0251 

18.00.... 

.  4.51 . 

.0451 

10 . 50... . 

•  ••• 

..  .0263 

18.50.... 

.  4 . 63 . 

.0463 

11.00.... 

....  2.76 . 

..  .0276 

19-00 . . . 

.  4.76 . 

.0476 

11 . 50 _ 

....  2.88 . 

..  .0288 

19.50  ... 

.  4.88 . 

.0488 

12.00.... 

...  3.00 . 

..  .0300 

20.00.... 

5  Ol 

•  •••  •  «  >  i  W  1  •  i  ■  •  i  • 

.0501 

12.50.... 

....  3.13 . 

..  .0313 

20.50.... 

r>  1 9 

»•••••  «  '  »  A  U  •••••• 

.0513 

13.00  ... 

....  3.25 . 

.  .0325 

21.00.... 

.  5.26 . 

.0526 

13.50.... 

...  3.38 . 

.  .0338 

21.50.... 

•  •••  •  « tiB  •••••• 

.0538 

1 4 . 00. . . . 

. . .  •  >0 . 

..  .0350 

22.00.... 

•  •••  •  /*.«)!.  «•«••• 

.0551 

14.50.... 

•>  /»•) 

....  o  .  <>•> . 

..  .0363 

1  22.50.... 

.  5.63 . 

.0563 

15.  00.... 

..  .0375 

23.00.... 

. .  ..  5.76 . 

.0576 

15 . 50 .... 

..  3.88.  .. 

.  .0388 

1 

s 

VN  DING  BEAM 

ROOFING 

— COST  WIT 

h  20x28  TIN. 

Cost  per 

Cost  per 

square  of 

square  of 

standing  seam 

standing  seam 

Price  of  tin 

roof  with 

Cost  per 

Pri-e  of  t  in 

roof  with 

Cost  per 

~  per  box. 

20x28  tin. 

sq.  foot. 

per  box. 

20x28  tin. 

sq.  foot. 

$8.00 . 

....$2.15 . 

.  .0215 

$16.50.... 

. $4.42 . 

.0442 

S .  oO  •••••• 

....  2.28 . 

.  .0228 

17.00 . 

.  0456 

9  00 . 

...  2.41 . 

.  .0241 

17.50.... 

.  4.69 . 

.0469 

9  50 

2  55 . 

.0255 

! S.00 . 

....  4.82 . 

.0482 

10.00 . 

...  2.68 . 

.  .0268 

18.50 . 

....  4.96 . 

.  0496 

10.50 . 

. ..  2.82 . 

.  .0282 

19.00  ... 

.  5.09 . 

.0509 

11.00.  .  .. 

....  2.95.  ... 

.  .0295 

19.50 . 

.  5.23 . 

.  0523 

11 .50 . 

..  3.09 . 

.  .0309 

20.00 . 

.  5 : 36  . 

.  0536 

12.00 . 

.  .0321 

20.50.... 

.  5.49 . 

.0549 

12.50 . 

....  3.35 . 

.  .0335 

21 .00 . 

.  5.63 . 

.  0568 

13  00 . 

....  3.48 . 

.  .0348 

21.50 . 

.  5.76 . 

.  0576 

13.50 . 

...  3.62....;. 

.  .0362 

22.00 . 

.  5.90 . 

.0590 

14.00  . 

•  ••  *  *  /*)*••••• 

.  .0375 

22 . 50 . 

.  6.03 . 

.0603 

14.50 . 

...  3.89 . 

.  .0389 

23.00 . 

.0617 

15.00 . 

...  4.02 . 

.  .0402 

23.50 . 

.  6.30  . 

.0630 

li)  »  *)()••#  •  •  •  • 

.. .  4.15  ... 

.  .0415 

24.00 . 

.  6.43 . 

.0643 

16.00 . 

4  29 

.0429 

77 


il 


28  to  42  SUMMER  AVE., 

f Comer  of  Seventh  Avenue /. 
NEAR  D.  L.  &  W.  R.  R.  DEPOT, 
(Bloomfield  Avenna  Horse  (Vs  pass  the  door), 

JJSWAHK, 


MANUFACTURERS  OF  EVERY  DESCRIPTION  OF 

Brass  and  Iron  Padlocks, 

- AND - 

FLAT  KEYED,  SCANDINAVIAN  OR  JAIL  PADLOCKS. 

- ALSO - 

Dash  and  Carriage  Lamps.  Lanterns,  &c. 


Illustrated  Catalogues  will  be  sent  to  the  Trade  upon  application. 


HOPKINS’  HANDY  NOTES  AND  QUERIES.  79 


RUSSIA  SHEET  IRON. 


Size. 

Weight  per 
Sheet. 

Wire  Gauge. 

No. 

7 . 

28x56  in. 

6* 

lbs. 

No. 

29 

t  i 

8 . 

ii 

71 

ii 

<« 

28 

it 

9 . 

ii 

8 

ii 

ii 

27 

ii 

10 . 

ii 

9 

ii 

it 

26 

1  i 

11 . 

ii 

10 

it 

ii 

25 

ii 

12 . 

n 

10* 

it 

ii 

24* 

a 

13 . 

a 

Hf 

ii 

ii 

24 

ii 

14 . 

a 

m 

ii 

u 

23 1 

it 

15 . 

a 

131 

ii 

it 

22* 

ii 

16 . 

a 

141 

it 

ii 

211 

SHEET  ZINC. 


Zinc  Gauge. 

Stubs’ 

Wire  Gauge. 

Weight 
per  sq.  foot. 

i 

Approximate  Weight 
per  sheet. 

21 

X 

84 

23 

X 

84 

28 

X 

84 

30 

X 

84 

32 

X 

81 

34 

X 

81 

36 

X 

84 

40 

X 

84 

oz. 

lbs. 

lbs. 

lbs. 

lbs. 

lbs. 

lbs. 

lbs. 

lbs. 

6 

29 

7 

61 

64 

71 

7| 

81 

8* 

91 

7 

281 

8 

7 

7s 

81 

8| 

9* 

94 

104 

8 

28 

9 

81 

91 

91 

104 

114 

11* 

9 

27 

101 

91 

10 

lOf 

114 

12i 

13 

13f 

10 

26 

12 

101 

in 

12 

!  13 

14 

15 

16 

11 

25 

131 

12 

13 

14 

15 

16 

17 

18 

12 

24 

15 

13 

14 

15 

16i 

174 

184 

20 

13 

23 

17 

15 

16 

17 

184 

20 

21 

22 

25 

14 

22 

19 

17 

18 

194 

21 

22 

234 

25 

28 

15 

21 

22 

'  19 

21 

224 

24 

254 

27 

29 

32 

16 

20 

25 

22 

21 

254 

27 

29 

31 

33 

36 

17 

19 

28 

25 

27 

21 

’  31 

33 

35 

37 

41 

18 

18 

31 

27 

30-1 

32 

34 

36- 

38 

41 

45 

19- 

17 

35 

31 

33 

36 

•  38 

41 

44 

46 

51 

20 

16 

40 

35 

38 

41 

44 

47 

50 

53 

59 

SHEET  LEAD 

IS  MADE  TO  WEIGH,  PER  SQUARE  FOOT  : 

2  'A.  3,  3 4,  4)4,  5,  C,  7,  8,  9,  10  pounds,  and  upwards. 


West  Side  GalvanizingWorks. 

HOOPES  &  3VIERRY, 

535  to  547  WEST  15TH  STREET,  NEW  YORK. 

MANUFACTURERS  OF 

The  “LION”  and  "PHOENIX”  Brands  of 

GALVANIZED  SHEET  IRON. 

All  grades  of  Black  Sheet  Iron  kept  in  stock.  Corrugated  Iron 

for  Roofing  or  Siding. 

Tin  Plates,  Solder ,  Sheet  Zinc ,  Slating  and  Roofing 
Nails,  Tinned,  Galvanized  and  Black. 


All  kinds  of  Iron  Work  Galvanized  or  Tinned  to  Order. 


LEONARD  BAILEY  &  CO., 

MANUFACTURERS  OF  THE 

“VICTOR”  PATENT  ADJUSTABLE 


BENCH  PLANES- 


—  ALSO  — 

SPOKE  SHAVES,  BOX  SCRAPERS,  Ac. 

FACTORY ,  HARTFORD ,  CONN. 

Sold  by  all  Hardware  Dealers- 
Ifcsf*  Illustrated  Circulars  furnished  to  Dealers  on  application. 


[From  “The  Metal  Worker.”]  GALVANIZED  SHEET  IEON. 

able,  Showing  Gauges,  with  Weights  per  Square  Foot ;  List  Price  per  Pound  ;  Cost  per  Square  Foot  at  List,  together  with  Cost  per 
Found  and  per  Square  Foot  at  Different  Discounts,  ranging  from  25  per  cent,  to  55  per  cent. 

In  this  Table  prices  are  calculated  to  three  places  of  decimals,  which  is  sufficiently  accurate  for  all  practical  purposes. 


HOPKINS’  HANDY  NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


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HORACE  F.  SISE, 

Hardware  Manufacturers’  Agent, 

100  Chambers  Street, 

NEW  YORK. 

CAST  BRONZE 


HORSE  SHOE  PADLOCKS, 


Paten!  cd  Juuc  24,  1ST9. 


No.  610.  (50) 

Size,  2l/4  in. 

No.  610— With  two  Flat  Steel  Keys  each . per  doz.  §9.00 

Extra  Keys  to  Lock,  or  sample  Ivey _  “  ~1.80 

Key  Blanks  . . ‘ .  «  on 

Packed  1/3  dozen  in  a  box. 


HOPKINS’  HANDY  NOTES  AND  QUERIES.  83 


ROOFING  SLATE. 

GENERAL  BULB  FOB  TUB  COMPUTATION  CF  SLATE. 

From  the  length  of  the  slate  take  three  inches,  or  as 
many  as  the  third  covers  the  first ;  divide  the  remainder  by 
2,  and  multiply  the  quotient  by  the  width  of  the  slate,  and 
the  product  will  be  the  number  of  square  inches  in  a  single 
slate.  Divide  the  number  of  square  inches  thus  procured 
by  144.  the  number  of  square  inches  in  a  square  foot,  and 
the  quotient  will  be  the  number  of  feet  and  inches  required. 
A  square  of  slate  is  what  will  cover  100  feet  square,  when 
properly  laid  upon  the  roof. 

TABLE  OF  SIZES  AND  NUMBER  OF  SLATES  IN  ONE  SQUARE. 


Size  in 
Inches. 

1  No.  of  Slate 
in  a  Square. 

a-aa 

coqj 

0>  • 

*  § 

O.  ES 

d* 

fc.S 

fi  00 

•r~  J 

cx) 

N  « 

a> 

&  h 

r  35 

GG  d 

? 
c  CO 

o  ^ 

C  T* 

<v 

©-a 

N  O 
a 

CChh 

No.  of  Slate 
in  a  Square 

Gxl2 

533 

9x14 

291 

10x18 

192 

11x22 

137 

7x12 

457 

10x14 

261 

1.x  18 

174 

1  x?2 

121 

8x12 

4‘>0 

12x14 

218 

12x18 

160 

1-X22 

US 

9x12 

355 

8x16 

2-7 

14x18 

137 

12x24 

114 

10x12 

320 

9x16 

246 

10x20 

169 

14x24 

93 

12x12 

2  6 

10x16 

221 

11x20 

154 

16x24 

86 

7x14 

;  74 

12x16 

185 

12x20 

111 

14x26 

89 

8v  14 

3  7 

9xlS 

213 

14x20 

121 

16x26 

78 

The  weight  of  a  square  of  Slate  is  estimated  in  a  general 
way  (varying  according  to  the  thickness  of  the  different 
makes)  at  from  600  to  700  lbs.  pei  square. 


Metal  Supplies  for  Tinners. 

REGULAR  QUANTITIES  IN  WHICH  THEY  ABE  SOLD. 

Sheet  Iron . )  j  English,  about  125  lbs.  in  bundle. 

- £ 


<< 

<< 


Common  or  R.G. ...  (  /American,  “  140  “ 

Galvanized. .  “  145  “ 

Widths . 24  to  30  inches. 

Lengths . 72  to  96  “ 

“ Russia”  Sheet  Iron  (28  by  56) . 240  lbs.  in  bundle. 

Pig  Tin,  “English,”  in  Pigs  of  28,  56,  and  84  lbs. ' 

“  “Straits,”  “  of  75  to  100 

“  “  Banca,”  “  70 

Pig  Lead,  “  120  to  150 

Spelter,  in  slabs,  of  20  to  70 

Wire,  in  bundles  of  63 

“  Galvanized,  American,  in  bundles  of  63 
English,  “  100 


<( 


«< 


-3 

o 

03 

03 


COLWELL  LEAD  CO., 

63  CENTRE  STREET, 

NEW  YORK, 

MANUFACTURERS  OF 

AMERICAS  STANDARD  SHOT, 

OF  SUPERIOR  FINISH. 


ppm 

JjJjl  ilil. 


EM)  ail  LEAD  PIPE 


ALSO,  DEALERS  IN - 


PLUMBERS’,  STEAM  AND  GAS  FITTERS’*!  SUPPLIES 


OF  ALL  KINDS. 


HOPKINS’  HANDY  NOTES  AND  QUERIES.  85 


STANDARD  WEIGHTS  OF  LEAD  PIPE,  Etc. 

WIIGHT  PEB  FOOT  OF  LEAD  PIPE  AND  TIN-LINED  LEAD  PIPE. 


Cal¬ 

ibre 

AAA 

Brooklyn. 

AA 

Ex  Strong 

A 

Strong. 

B 

Medium. 

c 

Light. 

]> 

Ex  Light 

E 

Fountain. 

Lb. 

Oz. 

Lb. 

Oz. 

Lb 

.  Oz. 

Lb. 

Oz. 

Lb. 

Oz 

Lb. 

Oz. 

Lb. 

Oz. 

% 

1 

8 

1 

5 

1 

2 

1 

0 

0 

13 

0 

10 

0 

8 

X 

3 

0 

2 

0 

1 

12 

1 

4 

1 

0 

0 

13 

0 

11 

X 

3 

8 

2 

12 

2 

8 

2 

0 

1 

12 

1 

8 

1 

0 

X 

4 

8 

3 

8 

3 

0 

2 

4 

2 

0 

1 

12 

1 

4 

1 

6 

0 

4 

12 

4 

ft 

3 

4 

2 

8 

2 

0 

1 

8 

lx 

6 

12 

5 

12 

4 

12 

8 

12 

3 

0 

2 

8 

2 

0 

IX 

9 

0 

8 

0 

6 

4 

5 

0 

4 

4 

3 

8 

3 

4 

2 

10 

12 

9 

0 

T 

0 

6 

0 

5 

4 

4 

0 

LEAD  WASTE  PIPE. 


IX 

inch, 

2B)P . 

per  foot. 

4  inch,  4X5  5,  6  &  8  lbs.. 

.per  foot. 

2 

4* 

3  lbs . 

•  4 

4>$  inch,  6,  6X  &  8  lha.. 

44 

2  X 

44 

4  and 

44 

6  inch,  8,  1 0  &  1 2  h)8 . . . 

44 

3 

44 

3X.4X&5  B>s. 

44 

6  “  9K  and  upwards 

44 

• 

EXTRA  WEIGHTS  OF  LEAD  PIPE. 


Calibre. 

7-16  Thick. 

%  Thick. 

5-16 

Thick 

X  Thick. 

3-16 

Thick. 

Lb. 

Oz. 

]  b. 

Oz. 

Lb. 

Oz. 

Lb. 

Oz. 

Lb. 

Oz. 

2X 

inches. . 

0 

0 

16 

11 

13 

11 

11 

0 

7 

13 

3 

44 

0 

0 

19 

10 

16 

0 

12 

0 

9 

0 

3X 

44 

26 

10 

21 

10 

18 

5 

15 

0 

9 

8 

4 

44 

30 

0 

25 

0 

21 

0 

16 

0 

12 

8 

4X 

44 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

18 

0 

14 

0 

5 

44 

0 

0 

81 

0 

0 

0 

20 

0 

0 

0 

PATENT  FINISH  DROP  SHOT. 

AMERICAN  STANDARD  8IZES. 


Diameter 

No  of 

Diameter 

No.  of 

in  1 0*  the  of 

Shot  to 

in  100th*  of 

Shot  to 

an  iDch. 

the  oz 

an  inch. 

the  oz. 

Extra  Fine 

Dust..  IX 

64021 

No.  6 . 

.  11 

218 

3 

10784 

44 

6 . 

168 

4 

4565 

*4 

4 . 

.  13 

132 

No.  12..... 

2326 

44 

8 . 

.  14 

106 

“  11 . 

1346 

44 

2 . 

66 

“  10 . 

1056 

44 

1 . 

.  16 

71 

“  10 . 

.  7 

848 

44 

B . 

.  17 

59 

it  9 

. Trap  Shot 

68* 

14 

BB  .... 

.  18 

6) 

“  9 . 

.  '8 

668 

44 

BBB  ... 

.  19 

49 

44  g 

Trin  Shot 

472 

44 

T . 

36 

v  t  •  •  »  • 

“  8 . 

.  9 

899 

4* 

TT . 

81 

“  1 ...  . 

. Trap  Shot 

338 

44 

F . 

27 

“  7 . 

.  10 

291 

44 

FF . 

.  23 

24 

COMPRESSED  BUCK  SHOT, 


Dameter 

No.  of 

.  ■—  ■ 

Diameter  • 

No.  of 

in  lOOtba  of 

Balls  to 

in  lOOths  of 

Balls  to 

an  inch. 

the  H> 

an  inch. 

the  ». 

No. 

3.... 

.  25 

284 

No  00 . 

34 

115 

1% 

2. . . . 

.  97 

232 

“  000 . 

86 

9i 

44 

1.... 

.  30 

173 

Balls . 

38 

85 

44 

0.... 

.  32 

140 

44 

44 

50 

86  HOPKINS’  HANDY  NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


Weight  and  Dimensions  of  Wrought  Iron  Welded  Pipes* 


FOR  GAS,  STF.AM  AND  WATFR. 


Inside 

P  i  ami- ter 
i'i  inches. 

Outside 
Diameter 
in  inches. 

Weight, 
per  foot  in 
pounds. 

Inside 
Diameter 
in  inches 

Outside 
Diameter 
in  inche*. 

Weight 
per  foot  in 
pounds. 

% 

0.40 

0.24 

3 

3  5 

7.54 

4 

0.54 

0.42 

334 

4  0 

9.05 

y* 

0.67 

0.63 

4 

4.5 

10.72 

}q 

0.S4 

0.86 

434 

5.0 

12.49 

% 

1 .05 

1.12 

6 

5.51 

14.63 

1 

1 .31 

1.67 

6 

6.6 1 

13.77 

1  60 

2.25 

7 

7.62 

23.41 

1*4 

1  95 

2.6.) 

S 

8  62 

28.35 

2 

2.37 

3.66 

9 

9.68 

34. "7 

24 

2. 87 

5.77 

10 

10  75 

40.64 

Lap  Welded  American  Charcoal  Iron  Boiler  Tubes. 


TABLE  OF  STANDARD  SIZES, 


s . 

u 

rs 

c  * 
oS 

4-*  C* 

H 

w 

Externfl  Cir¬ 
cumference. 

Internal  Di¬ 
meter. 

Internal  Cir¬ 
cumference. 

Thickness. 

Length  of 
Pipe  per  sq. 
ft.  or  inside 
!  surface. 

Length  of 
Pipe  per  sq. 
ft.  of  outside 
surface. 

Internal 

Area. 

73  - 

E  E 
c  a 

w 

*• 

O 

a 

4-  -*-» 

*2 

a> 

* 

Ins. 

In-. 

Ins. 

In*. 

Ins. 

Feet . 

Feet. 

Ins. 

Ins. 

lbs. 

1 

3.142 

0.856 

2.6S9 

0  072 

4.460 

3.819 

0  575 

0.7S5 

0.703 

IV 

3  927 

1.126 

3.474 

0.072 

3.455 

3  056 

0  960 

1.227 

0.9 

1 t. 

4.712 

1 .331 

4.191 

0.083 

2.863 

2.547 

1  396 

1.767 

1.253 

1 

5.598 

1  .560 

4  901 

0.095 

2  44S 

2.183 

1.911 

2.405 

7.363 

2 

G.2S3 

1  .804 

5.667 

0 .098 

2.118 

1 .909 

2 . 556 

3.  42 

1  9M 

2*4 

7  (169 

2  05 1 

6.4S4 

0.(93 

1.85) 

1 .693 

3  314 

3.976 

2.233 

23t 

7.854 

2.2S3 

7.172 

0  109 

1.673 

1.528 

4.091 

4  939 

2.755 

2  V 

8.639 

2 .  f  33 

7 .957 

0.109 

1 .508 

1  .390 

5.  39 

5.940 

3.043 

3 

9.425 

2.783 

8.743 

0  K9 

1.3.3 

1.273 

6.083 

7  069 

3  333 

8*4 

10.210 

3  01  ? 

9.462 

0  1*9 

1  .268 

1  17  5 

7  125 

8. £93 

3.958 

3^ 

10  9  5 

!  3.262 

10.248 

0.119 

1  J71 

1.091 

8.357 

9.621 

4  A  7  i 

84 

1.781!  8.5  2 

11.033 

0.119 

1 .088 

1.018 

9.6>7 

11  045 

4  590 

4 

12.566 

3  741 

11.753 

0.130 

1.023 

0.955 

10  992 

12  566 

6.320 

/  1/ 

h  /i 

14.137  4.241 

13.323 

0.130 

0.901 

0.849 

14.12  5 

15.  <*04 

6  01  t 

5 

15.708 

4.72 

14.S18 

0  140 

0  809 

0,764 

17.497 

19.635 

7.225 

6 

IS  849 

6  629 

17  904 

0  151 

0.670 

0  637 

25.509 

28.274 

9.345 

7 

n  .991 

6  657 

20  914 

0  172 

0.574 

0  545 

31.805 

38  484 

12  435 

8 

'5.132 

7.C3J 

3.9-9 

0  182 

0.500 

0  478 

45.795 

50.265 

15.109 

9 

28.374 

8.(515 

27.055 

0.193 

0.444 

0.424 

58.291 

63.617 

18.002 

10 

31 .416 

9 .  .  3 

30. "74 

0  214 

0.399 

0.882 

71  975 

78.540 

22.19 

Li glit  Wrought  Iron  Artesian  Tube  and  Casing  for  Oil 

Wells. 


STANDARD  STZES, 


Outside 
Diameti  r  in 

inches. 

I  side 
Diameter  in 
inches. 

Wiight  per 
Foot, 
Pounds. 

Outside 
Diameti  r, 
Inches. 

Insid  t 
Diameter, 
Inches. 

We  ight  per 
Foot, 
Pounds. 

1% 

Vi 

1  665 

4  V 

4 

5  500 

234 

2 

2.238 

4  % 

44 

6.010 

2  34  • 

2*4 

2.753 

5 

44 

-  7.2  6 

2* 

2v 

3.045 

54 

5 

7.667 

3 

2%  *• 

3  333 

5  X 

5  3-16 

8.083 

34 

3 

3.958 

**  6 

- 

9  340 

3  '4  • 

334 

4.272 

VA 

64 

10  Out 

3% 

334 

4.95.) 

7 

64 

12  433 

4 

3% 

5.320 

8 

74 

1».1(9 

1 

s  x 

84 

13  155 

* 


HOPKINS'  HANDY  NOTES  AND  QUERIES.  87 


Sizes  of  Tanks  and  Contents. 


Diameter. 

Depth. 

Gallons. 

Diameter 

Depth. 

Gallons. 

Feet. 

Feet. 

Feet . 

:  Feet. 

12 

8 

G,767 

24 

12 

40,607 

14 

9 

10  363 

26 

13 

51,6/8 

13 

9 

13,535 

2S 

14 

64,481 

18 

10 

19.034 

30 

15 

79,310 

20 

10 

J3.499 

32 

16 

96, i  53 

22 

11 

31  277 

34 

17 

115,451 

Capacity  of  Cisterns  and  Reservoirs  in  Cailons. 

DEPTH  10  INCHES  ;  DIAMETEE  FE.OAI  2  TO  2  »  FliET. 


2 

feet . . . 

.19.5 

5 

feet 

..122.40 

8 

feet 

..313  33 

12  fort 

...  T05. 

2A 

it 

.30.6 

5)4 

U 

..148.10 

8  A 

ii 

..353.72 

13 

it* 

...  827. 

3 

a 

.44.06 

6 

ti 

..176.25 

9 

it 

..396.56 

14 

u 

...  959. 

8A 

it 

.59.97 

6>4 

•  t 

..206  >5 

9>4 

ii 

..461.4U 

15 

44 

...1,101. 

4 

it 

.78.33 

7 

it 

.  .239.88 

10 

44 

..489.20 

20 

M 

. .  .1.!  59. 

4'A 

it 

.99  '4 

1A 

tt 

..275.40 

11 

it 

..592.40 

25 

It 

...3.059 

Capacity  op  Boxes. — A  box  24  inches  long  by  10  inches  wkle,  and  23 
inches  deep,  will  contain  a  barrel  (3  bushels). 

A  box  24  inches  long  by  13  inches  wide,  and  14  inches  deep,  will  contain 
half  a  barrel. 

A  box  13  inches  square  and  8.4  inches  deep,  will  contain  one  bushel. 

A  box  8  inches  by  S.4  Inches  square,  and  8  inches  deep,  will  contain  one 
peck . 

A  box  8  inches  by  8  inches  square,  and  4.2  inches  deep,  wiil  contain  one 
gallon. 


cz> 

S3 

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C3 


C/5 

C3 

O 

•  * 


£ 

s 

P- 

O 

£ 

& 

Ti 


rt 

ft 

c3 

C 
c ft 


*3 

© 


to 

a 


s  x  t*x  xxxx;  xxxxxxXX  xxxxxx 

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Horse  Powers  and  Threshers  &  Cleaners, 
THRESHERS,  SEPARATORS,  FANNING-MILLS  &  CIRCULAR-SAW  MACHINES, 


HOPKINS'  KANDY  NOTES  AND  QUERIES.  89 


WORKSHOP  RECIPES. 

Cement  to  Resist  Fire  and  Water,  and  Harden  Quickly. 

Two  parts  finely  sifted  unoxodized  iron  filings. 

One  part,  perfectly  dry,  finely  powdered  loam. 

Knead  the  mixture  with  stroug  vi ^e^ar  into  a  homogeneous  plastic  mass, 
to  be  used  os  soon  as  made. 

To  Soften  Putty. 

To  remove  ohl  putty  from  bfoken  windows,  dip  a  small  thrush  in  nitro- 
muriatic  add  or  caustic  soda  (concentrated  lye),  and  with  it  annoint  or 
paint  over  the  dry  putty  that  adheres  to  the  broken  glass  and  frames  of  your 
windows  ;  after  an  hours  interval,  the  putty  will  have  become  so  Bof  i.  as  to 
be  easily  removable. 

Painter’s  Putty. 

c- orv  d  Made  into  a  stiff  paste.  If  not 

Botled^llI  Ut  P  '  1Zt  .  20  4  r  intended  for  immediate  use,  raw 

One  pound  of  putty  for  stopping  every  20  yards. 

Glazier’s  Putty. 

70  pounds;  boiled  oil,  30  pounds;  water,  2  gallons.  Mix. 


oil  should  be  used. 


If 


Whiting, 

too  thin  add  more  whiting ;  if  too  thick,  add  more  oil. 

Cement  for  Stopping-  Joints,  Etc. 

White  lead  in  oil,  mixed  with  enough  white  sand  to  make  it  a  stiff  paste. 
This  grows  hard  by  exposure,  and  resists  heat,  cold  and  water. 

Cement  for  Feather  Belting. 

Take  of  common  glue  anl  American  isinglass,  equal  parts  ;  place  them 
iu  a  boiler  and  add  water  sufficient  to  cover  the  whole.  Let  it  soak  10 
hours,  then  bring  it  to  a  boiling  heat,  and  add  pure  tannin  until  the  whole 
becomes  ropey  or  appears  like  the  whites  of  eggs.  Apply  it.  warm.  Buff 
the  grain  off  the  leather  where  it  is  to  be  cemented ;  rub  the  joint  surfaces 
solidly  together,  let  it  dry  a  few  hours,  and  it  is  ready  for  practical  use  ; 
and.  if  i  roperly  put  together,  it  will  not  need  riveting,  as  the  cement  is 
nearly  of  the  Bame  nature  as  the  leather  itself. 

To  Remove  Rusty  Bolts. 

To  remove  bolts  that  have  become  rusted  badly,  without  breaking 
them,  is  quite  simple  if  understood.  The  best  method  is  to  apply  kero¬ 
sene  oil  liberally,  and  give  time  for  it  to  soften  the  rnst  before  any  attempt 
is  made  to  turn  the  nut.  If,  after  the  rust  has  softened,  it  does  not  start 
easily  with  the  wrench,  give  a  rap  on  one  corner  with  a  blow  of  the  ham¬ 
mer.  A  hammer  and  cold  chisel  rightiy  used  will  often  start  a  rusted  nut 
that  would  not  yield  to  the  wrench  without  twistiug  off  the  bolt. 

How  to  Prepare  Fence  Posts. 

A  western  farmer  says  that  he  discoverd  many  years  ago  that  wood  could 
be  made  to  last  longer  than  iron  in  the  ground.  Time  and  weather,  he  says, 
seem  to  have  no  effect  on  it  Posts  can  be  prepared  for  less  than  two 
cents  apiece.  This  is  the  recipe  :  Take  boiled  linseed  oil  and  stir  it  in 
pulverized  charcoal  to  the  consistency  of  paint.  Put  a  coat  of  this  over 
the  timber,  afid,  he  adds,  there  is  not  a  man  that  will  live  to  see  it  rot. 

A  Practical  Rule  for  Faying  Pipe  for  Draining  Fund. 

Soils. .  Depth  of  Pipe. 

CoaVse  Gr«VM>8aiid . j  left « 

Light  Sand  with  Gravel . * 

Light  Loam . " 

Loam  with  Clay . f 

“  “  Gravel . 3 

Fandy  Loam . ®. 

Soft  Clay 
Stiff  " 


.2 

.2 


<4 

44 


44 

44 


44 


Distance 
i.  apart. 

_ BO  “ 

. 33 

44 

. 21 

44 

.  ...27 

« 

. 40 

U 

44 

15 

44 

Greatest* Fall  of  Rain  is  2  inches  per  hour-M308  6  galls,  per  acre. 


miUMOuii  a  duumuj 

Itf  o.  2S4  Broadwsy, 

Bctwctn  KeaJe  aail  Duane  Streets,  XTE  V/ 

M  A  N  U  FJ.  CTU  RERS  OF 


£  UU, 


POCKET  CUTLERY, 


.BRIGHT  IRON  SCREW  HOOKS  AND  EYES. 


CAST  STEEL  RRMMEM8* 

WROUGHT  IRON  GOODS. 

Corkscrew?,  Hand-Rail  Screws. 
NASH’S  PATENT  SAW  SETS, 

AND  A  VARIETY  OP 

pUILDEF(3’  AND  OTHER  J4a^DWARE. 

HEADQUARTERS  FOR 


STEPHENS  <fe  CO., 

M  AKU  PA  CTURERS  OF 


^l\e  Williiun  ;l{ogei'S  Mliriufecturirig  Co., 

MAN  I  PACTURERS  OP 


[the  [WFJFOLK  gHEAFJ  COMP/-  [MY, 

MANUFACTURERS  OF 

SHEARS  j^ssud  SCISSORS 


HOPKINS’  HANDY  NOTES  AND  QUERIES 


9  f 


Yalue  of  Iron. 

VALUE  PFR  GTt~PS  TON  (2240  LRS.)  OF  IKON  AT  FROM  1-10TH  OF  A  CENT  TO 
It)  CENTS  FEU  POUND,  INCREASING  AT  KATE  OF  1-lUTH  OF 
A  CENT  PER  POUND. 


Per  lb.  in 

Cts .  &  1-lOtlis. 

Price 
Per  To*' 

Per  lb.  in  j 
cts.  &  1-lOths. 

Price  | 
Pel*  ’J  on 

Per  lb.  in 
cts.&  l-i"ih-i. 

Price 
Per  ion 

1-10 

3  2.21 

3  5.-10 

$  78.40 

6  8-10 

$152.31 

2- 

4.48 

6- 

80.64 

9- 

154.56 

8- 

6  72 

7- 

82.88 

7 

156.80 

4- 

8.96 

8- 

85.12 

1-10 

153.  <4 

5- 

11.20 

9- 

87.86 

2- 

161.23 

6- 

13.44 

4 

89.60 

S- 

163  52 

7 

15.68 

1-10 

91.84 

4- 

165.74 

8- 

17.22 

2- 

94.03 

5- 

168  00 

9- 

20.  >6 

3- 

96.32 

6- 

170.24 

1 

22  40 

•1- 

98.56 

7- 

172.4 3 

1-10 

24.64 

5- 

100.80 

8- 

174.72 

2- 

26.88 

6- 

103.64 

9- 

176.96 

3- 

29.12 

t  - 

1(5.28 

8 

179.20 

4 

31.36 

8- 

107.52 

1-10 

181 .44 

5- 

13.60 

9- 

1(9.76 

2- 

183.63 

6- 

35.84 

5 

112.00 

3- 

18'»  92 

7-  ' 

38.  OS 

1-10 

114  24 

4- 

183.14 

8- 

40.32 

116.48 

5- 

19- *.4) 

9- 

42.56 

3- 

118. <2 

6- 

192 . 14 

2 

44.  SO 

4- 

120.96 

7- 

194.88 

1-10 

47.04 

i  6" 

123.20 

8- 

197.12 

2- 

49.28 

ti- 

1*5.44 

9- 

199.16 

3- 

5!  .52 

7- 

127.68 

9 

201 .60 

4- 

63  76 

8- 

129.92 

1-19 

203.84 

5- 

53  00 

9- 

132.16 

2- 

206.08 

6- 

58.24 

6 

134.40 

3- 

208.32 

7- 

CO  48 

1-10 

136.64 

4- 

210  56 

6- 

62  72 

2- 

138.88 

5- 

212. SO 

9- 

64.96 

8- 

141.12 

6- 

215.04 

3 

C7.20 

4- 

143 .36 

7- 

217.23 

1-10 

69.44 

5- 

145.60 

8- 

219.52 

2- 

71.68 

6- 

747.84 

9- 

221.76 

8- 

73.92 

7- 

160. CS 

10 

224.00 

4- 

76  16 

! 

1 

! 

Hoop  and  Scroll  Iron. 

NUMBER  OF  FEET  IN  A  BUNDLE  OF  FIFTY-SIX  POUNDS. 


HOOP  IKON. 


Size. 


Width. 


ya  inches. 

X  “ 

H 

1 

IV 
W 
IX 
IX 

2 


u 
ii 
•  l 

a 

tt 

it 

ti 


Thick. 


No.  21 
“  20 
“•  19 
13 
“  IT 
“  13 
“  15 
“  15 
“  14 


Feet  in 
Bundle. 


815 
630 
450 
36  i 
278 
217- 
160 
139 
lit). 


8CROLL  IKON. 


Size. 


Width. 


%  inches 

y'a 


5/ 

/8 


/4 

X 

% 

X 

Vs 

% 

% 

1 

1 

1 


It 
It 
l< 

It 

“i  • 

•  c;  . 

tit-.  : 
»t  • 

to 

ti ' 

it 

ii 


Thick. 


N 


>.  10 
16 
14 
TO 
,16 
14 
12 
10 
16 
14 
12 
16 
14 
1*2 


Feet  in 
Bundles. 

240 
430 
•S47 
190 
860 
290 
208 
160 
310 
2 19 
175 
270 
2.6 
15J 


HOPKINS’  HANDY  NOTES  AND  QUERIES.  03 


Weight  of  Flat  Iron. 

WEIGHT  OF  RUNNING  FOOT  IN  POUNDS. 

. 

1 

CO-flOCOl-O  COCOkOCOt-O 

WOCi05000r-U500i-'rj'b.OC<;''0  • 

Cri 

so  50  t—  t-  t—  t—  t-  l-l—  CO  00  CO  CO  00  O  O.  ®:COOHr"'5;l»>SJ«WM-)"ti,w'  • 

t— <  r-*  t-h  r-  t—«t— iHrrirTHr'r'  H  ^  rH  • 

5-16 

cof2r/i  —  t— co  inr-h.^ciw  r-  m  o  w  fN  h  o 

.  .  .r,WW»0<0l'*0>OTHWI0Q0OWCdC0r-C0C0C0HTl«C00>C<^t-0>WI0  • 

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<v 

pC 

o 

c 

i —  rH  r-<  rH  rH  rH  rH  t— 4  rH  • 

T 

22  28  &  P  rH<M<MeOrt<lOCOCO»-OOCJ  • 

^  O  CO  l—  Oi  HWcO’tWCHOOOCl't^GCOC^ONOrHMlS^CJTHM^t- 

►— * 

r-* 

'^'^’^,^'^tO»0»0»OOiO»0»0»00'OOCOCOl^b-t'»t'-b*COCOCOCDOOO>OJOiaO  • 

h 

rH  • 

an 

CO 

CO  C-U-  CO  rj<  0»  O  COSTCO  00 

^^^^^i—COOTOJOrHOJCOcOkOCOOO  THCC’f«Ob*OiC(N^iOt-OOOHCOO  • 

a 

1-H 

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1 

CO 

COCOCOCOcOCOCOCOCO*^'^‘Hj*,^Tt*rJ,'^rflC^OiOlOlO^O^O^COCOCOCOCOl—t-—  l-t-*  • 

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ci  .ieoco-fioia(0<oi-t-cDa3®Or-o)ci)itwttbico®OiHNcii->#io(Ot:*ijb 

H 

O3C3O3O3O3©313O303O3O3O3©3C3e0e0«5MC«SCOCOC0C0C0'rt<rll"ri<'<*r*ril-<*-*ri(>o  • 

N  O  r*  OH^GOO^COHCrHt'-^U^JMh.COCOCOGOCO^’tCiHOiO  • 

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CO 

1 

r~* 

rtHr-iHrirtHHr(Hr-lHHHr-lr-lHnHrHHHrirllSCqj)fflds<9<«l«9<  • 

a 

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£ 

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03  -S'  k®  t—  QOOi-(Ml®tOM»r-lN4wi-®OJ)CDW!0®OHMi*«t-eiH(M'#lfl 

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hhhh  i-<o303a3!Me353e3a5cococococort'>t'i''r'^,'t>o>o>aio»asa>ososososo 

s 

-t  <-  M  SO  O)  U»  O  CO  r- it  t-  COSOOS03SOOOOJlOOOr—  CO  t—  CO  S©  Os  ©3  k®  CO  > - 

Or-MiflOSOOOJ.  O  03  CO  -l"  SO  »—  06  Ol  r-  (N  X  l0SSI-0>Or-C01,«S0t»C>  OINMil 

ft: 

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rH  *— 1  rH  rH  i— 1  r— k  r-i  i— s  r-i  rH  03  ©3  ©3  03  O3O303C3O3C0C0C0C0C0C0C0C0C0C0rJ<rj«r^i-J' 

«0 

CO 

OJ  CO  CO  rf  r-  OS  b-  W  CO  OPCO'-fO^  HVOCOrHOS!-H(^  COCOCO~HCJ*-kO<M  CO 

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rHiHrHHrHr-HHr'HHHH^^Oloioic^oilNlMci^oi^MCOCOCO 

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rH 

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SEND  FOP  CIRCULARS.  NEWBURGH,  N 


HOPKINS’  HANDY  NOTES  AND  QUERIES.  05 


- — -  -  -  —  - 

Weight  of  Flat  Iron — Continued. 

WEIGHT  OP  RUNNING  FOOT  IN  POUNDS 

• 

JL 

"3 

G 

.s 

CD 

3Q 

X. 

G 

o 

C-' 

H 

NWClflffl  IM  M  O  IS  X  CM  05  in  KW  M(-  OS  l~-  0?U3  OS  IS 

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.....  . .  . 

. . . . . .  • 

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. . . 

.  .  .  . . . 

. . . . .  •  •  • 

J  J  ;  . . * 

-  '  “  1 

PATENT  ANTT-FBICTION 

BARN  DOOR  HANGERS 


A  Standard  Article, 

WITH  MERITS 

Possessed  by  No  Other 
Hanger  Made. 

THE  ONLY  REAL 

Anti-Friction  Hanger 

That  Stands  the  Test. 


The  Sale  of  them  has  been  un¬ 
precedented,  and  is  con¬ 
stantly  on  the  increase. 


Liar  PRICES. 
No.  1,  per  dozen  Pairs, 

No.  1%,  “  “  “ 

No.  2,  “  “  « 

Discount,  per  cent. 


$12.50 

13.50 

15.00 


MANUFACTURED  BY 


T.  F.  CHERITON  HARDWARE  CO., 

79  Recide  Street ,  New  York. 


HOPKINS'  HANDY  NOTES  AND  QUERIES.  97 


flat  iron. 


NUMBER  OF  FEET  IN  A  BUNDLE  OF  112  POUNDS. 


Size. 

Feet  in 
Bundle. 

Size. 

Feet  in 
Bundle. 

X 

by 

Y  inch.... 

.  267 

7/ 

YS 

by 

X 

inch . 

X 

X 

4/ 

44 

516  “  ... 

.  21 6 

7S 

5-18 

% 

44 

.  122 

44 

%  “  ... 

.  175 

X 

7/ 

44 

44 

100 

U 

X  “  ... 

.  214 

44 

7-16 

44 

90 

5/ 

44 

5-16  “  ... 

.  170 

% 

7/ 

44 

X 

X 

X 

5-16 

44 

....  75 

44 

%  “  ... 

.  145 

44 

4  4 

60 

.V 

44 

Yi  “  ... 

.  106 

1 

44 

44 

.  135 

X 

% 

44 

X  “  .. 

.  175 

1 

44 

44 

.  106 

(4 

6  16  “  ... 

.  142 

1 

44 

X 

7-16 

44 

90 

X 

44 

%  “  ... 

.  120 

1 

44 

44 

.  78 

X 

\ 

44 

7-16  “  ... 

.  103 

l 

44 

X 

9-16 

44 

.  65 

4« 

X  “  ... 

.  90 

1 

4 

44 

.  60 

X 

44 

h  “  •  •  - 

.  70 

l 

44 

X 

44 

.  52 

Round  and  Square  Iron. 

NUMBER  OF  FEET  IN  A  BUNDLE  OF  112  POUNDS. 


ROUND  IRON. 

SQUARE  IRON. 

Size. 

Feet  in 
Bundle. 

Size. 

Feet  in 
Bundle. 

3-16  inch . 

3-16  inch . . . 

958 

M  “  . 

688 

Y  “  . 

540 

6-16  “  . 

440 

5-16  “  . 

345 

3/  “ 

305 

3^  “  .  240 

7  16  “  . 

225 

7-16  “  . 

176 

Y  . 

170 

Y  “  . 

135 

9-16  “  . 

136 

9-16  “  . 

107 

“  . 

110 

%  “  . 

87 

11-16  “  . 

90 

Illl6  “  . 

70 

H  “  . 

75 

X  “  . 

CO 

Round  Bar  Iron. 


WEIGHT  OF  A  RUNNING  FOOT  IN  POUNDS. 


1 

Diam. 

Inch. 

Wt  per. 
foot. 
Lbs. 

Diam. 

Inch. 

Wt.  per 
foot. 
Lbs. 

!  Diam. 

Inch. 

Wt.  per 
foot. 
Lbs. 

Diam. 

Inch. 

Wt.  per 
foot. 
Lbe. 

1-16 

.01 

1  1-16 

2.975 

2X 

11.9 

4  X 

44.85 

Yc 

.0411 

X 

3.338 

X 

13.3 

X 

47.54 

3-16 

.0925 

3-16 

3.725 

% 

14.75 

x 

50.33 

X 

.1651 

X 

4.12 

X 

16.4 

X 

53.32 

6-16 

.2573 

5-10 

4.545 

X 

18.1 

X 

56.34 

.371 

X 

5. 

X 

19.85 

X 

59.44 

7-16 

.505 

7-16 

5.455 

X 

21.6 

X 

62.62 

X 

.657 

X 

5.945 

3 

23.7 

5 

65.88 

9- 16 

.835 

9-16 

6.445 

X 

25.55 

X 

69.23 

X 

1  031 

% 

6.975 

X 

27.81 

X 

72.65 

11-16 

1.235 

11-16 

7.52 

/'S 

29.85 

X 

76.18 

X 

1.475 

X 

8.05 

X 

32.25 

X 

79.75 

13-16 

1.74 

13-16 

8.65 

X 

34.45 

% 

83.45 

X 

2.015 

X 

9.25 

X 

37.1 

X 

87.20 

15-16 

2.317 

15-16 

9.9 

X 

39.5 

X 

91  50 

1 

2.625 

2 

10.65 

4 

41.95 

G 

95. 

FGK  STEEL  multiply  tubular  number  above  (for  size)  1.01. 


-THE- 


PECK,  STOW  1  WILCOX  CO., 

SoifTHiXGcTON,  Con/.,  if.  S. /!. 


MANUFACTURERS  OF 


Tinners’ Machines  and  Tools, 

GENERAL  AND  STATIONERS' 

HARDWARE. 


FACTORIES  AT 


Southington, 

Pleasantville,  J- 

} 

East  Berlin ,  J 


Kensington , 

W °yst  Cheshire , 
Bii  'mingham, 


—  and  — 

Cleveland ,  Ohio. 


SALESROOMS  : 

27  CHAMBERS  STREET, 

hew;  yoke. 

Wi 


HOPKINS’  HANDY  NOTFS  AND  QUERIES.  99 


SQUARE  BAB  IRON. 

WEIGHT  OF  A  RUNNING  FOOT,  IN  POUNDS. 


Thick 

Inch. 

Wt.  per 
ft.  Lbe . 

Thick 

Inch. 

Wt.  per 
ft.  Lbs. 

Thick 

Inch. 

Wt.  per 
ft.  iJis 

Thick 

Inch. 

Wt.  per 
ft.  Lbs. 

1-16 

0131 

1  1-16 

3.80 

2  1-8 

15.15 

4  1-8 

57.20 

1-8 

.0525 

1-8 

4 . 25 

14 

17. 

1-4 

60.75 

3-  G 

.1182 

3-16 

4.73 

3-8 

18  5 

3-8 

64.35 

1-4 

.2103 

1-4 

5.25 

1-2 

25.5 

1  2 

68. 

r>  16 

.3100 

5-16 

5.7S 

5-8 

23  1 

5-S 

72. 

3-8 

.4735 

3-8 

6.35 

3-4 

25.2 

ii-4 

75.65 

7-16 

.  6445 

7-16 

6.95 

7-3 

27.5 

7-S 

79.  SO 

1-2 

.84 

1-2 

7.55 

3 

30.05 

5 

83.8 

9-16 

1.063 

9-16 

8.2 

1-8 

32.75 

l-S 

S8.25 

5-8 

1.314 

5-8 

8.85 

1-4 

35.5 

1-4 

92.5 

11-16 

1  59 

11-16 

9.57 

3-8 

33.25 

3  8 

97.15 

3-4 

1  891 

3-4 

10.30 

1-2 

41.15 

1-2 

101. 

13-16 

2 . 221 

13-16 

11.05 

5-8 

44.15 

5-8 

105.8 

7-8 

2.575 

7-8 

11.83 

3-4 

47.20 

3-4 

110.5 

15-16 

2.95 

15.16 

12.62 

7-8 

50 . 25 

7-S 

1*15.15 

1 

3.35 

2 

13.4 

4 

53  75 

6 

120.25 

FOR  STEEL  multiply  tabular  number  above  (for  size)  by  1.01. 


RAND  IRON. 


NUMBER  OF  FEET  IN  A  BUNDLE  OF  112  POUNDS. 


Size. 

Feet  iu 
Bundle. 

Size. 

Feet  in 
Bundle. 

Width. 

Thick. 

Width. 

Thick. 

i.¥ 

inches. 

No. 

12 

265 

2% 

inches 

No. 

12 

110 

U'r 

44 

•  4 

10 

213 

2  A 

44 

44 

10 

88 

1>8 

a 

4. 

7 

160 

2  A 

44 

44 

8 

72 

1  A 

*  4 

a 

12 

246 

2% 

(4 

44 

6 

60 

lh 

44 

44 

10 

190 

3 

44 

*  < 

12 

101 

u 

if 

44 

7 

145 

O 

o 

44 

44 

10 

80 

4  . 

44 

12 

205 

3 

44 

44 

8 

66 

1  A 

.  4 

44 

10 

160 

3 

44 

44 

6 

57 

1  *4 

t  t 

44 

7 

120 

3  if 

44 

44 

10 

75 

1  % 

t 

44 

12 

175 

3  >4 

44 

44 

8 

60 

i  A 

• 

44 

10 

138 

3  >4 

44 

44 

6 

50 

1  A 

«> 

44 

8 

110 

3A 

44 

44 

10 

69 

1  ;4 

•  4 

44 

7 

100 

3% 

4 

44 

8 

57 

•2 

44 

44 

12 

155 

3  a 

44 

44 

6 

48 

9 

4  • 

44 

10 

120 

4 

44 

44 

10 

60 

2 

44 

44 

8 

99 

4 

4  « 

ii 

8 

50 

2 

44 

44 

7 

90 

4 

44 

44 

6 

40 

2 

“ 

“ 

6 

81 

4* 

44 

44 

10 

52 

2  A 

44 

44 

12 

135 

4  k 

•  4 

44 

8 

43 

(4 

44 

10 

105 

4  A 

4  « 

44 

6 

35 

2  A 

(4 

44 

8 

88 

5 

44 

44 

10 

48 

2  A 

44 

44 

6 

72 

5 

44 

44 

8 

40 

2  A 

1 4 

44 

12 

120 

5 

44 

44 

6 

34 

2  A 

44 

44 

10 

95 

6 

4. 

44 

10 

40 

2  A 

44 

44 

8 

77 

6 

44 

44 

8 

32 

2  A 

44 

44 

6 

65 

6 

44 

44 

6 

26 

1 00  HOPKINS  i  HANDY  NOTESj  AND  QuEKItb. 


Weight  of  Sheet  and  Plate  Iron. 


THICKNESS  BY  BIRMINGHAM  WIRE  GAUGE  AND  INCHES,  WEIGHT 
OF  A  SQUARE  FOOT  IN  POUNDS. 


THICKNESS. 

Weight 

Pounds. 

THICKNESS. 

Weight 

Pounds, 

B.  W. 
Gauge. 

Part  of  aa  inch . 

B.  W. 
Gauge. 

Part  of  an  incn. 

36 

.004 

.126 

11 

.120 

4.4s 

36 

.005 

.2  2 

X  or  .125 

5.054 

34 

.007 

.283 

10 

.134 

5.426 

33 

.008 

.322 

9 

.148 

5.98 

32 

.009 

.364 

5-32  or  .1562 

6 . 305 

31 

.010 

.405 

8 

.165 

6.605 

30 

.012 

.485 

7 

.180 

7.27 

29 

.013 

.526 

3-16  or  .1875 

7.578 

28 

.014 

.595 

6 

.203 

8.005 

27 

.016 

.677 

7-32  or  .2187 

8  79 

26  . 

.018 

.755 

5 

.22 

8  912 

26 

.020 

.811 

4 

.238 

9.62 

24 

.022 

.912 

X  or  .25 

10  09 

23 

.025 

1.018 

3 

.259 

10*37 

22 

.028 

1.137 

9-32  or  .2812 

11. 3S 

1  32  or  .03125 

1.259 

2 

.284 

11.525 

21 

.032 

1.31 

1 

.3 

12.15 

20 

.035 

1.416 

6.16  or  3525 

12.58 

19 

.042 

1.695 

0 

.340 

13.750 

18 

.049 

1.075 

11-32  or  .3437 

13.875 

17 

.058 

2.35 

X  or  .375 

15.10 

16 

.065 

2.637 

00 

.380 

15.26 

1-16  or  .0625 

2.618 

13-32  or  .4062 

16.34 

16 

.072 

2.92 

000 

.426 

17  125 

14 

.083 

3.35 

8-16  or  .4375 

17.65 

8-32  or  .0937 

3  78 

0000 

.454 

18.30 

13 

.095 

3.85 

15-32  or  .4607 

18.90 

12 

.100 

4.4 

00000 

yz  or  .50 

20.20 

Weight  of  Sheet  and  Plate  Iron. 

THICKNESS  IN  INCHES.  WEIGHT  OF  A  SQUARE  FOOT  IN  POUNDS. 


Inches 

Thick. 

Lbs.  per 
Square  Foot 

Inches 

Thick. 

Lbs.  per 
Square  Poot 

Inches 

Thick. 

Lbs.  per 
SquareFoot. 

9-16 

22.5 

1  X 

70.62 

3  X 

156.51 

% 

25.21 

13-16 

73.14 

4 

161.55 

11-16 

27.75 

V* 

75.53 

X 

166.6 

X 

30.25 

15-16 

78.20 

X 

171.76 

13-16 

32.75 

O 

A! 

80.75 

X 

176.71 

% 

35.26 

X 

S6.75 

X 

181.77 

16-16 

37.75 

X 

90.81 

5/ 

1S6.79 

1 

40.35 

95.86 

X 

191 .84 

1-16 

42.87 

X 

100.9 

7Y 

196.9 

X 

46.4 

% 

105.95 

5 

201.85 

3-16 

47.9 

X 

111. 

X 

206.9 

X 

60.45 

y% 

116.1 

X 

211.95 

6-16 

52.96 

3 

121.15 

x 

217 

% 

65.45 

X 

126.21 

X 

222.05 

7-16 

68.01 

X 

131.26 

X 

227.01 

60.52 

H 

136.32 

X 

232.15 

9-16 

63.05 

X 

141.37 

X 

237.2 

% 

65.56 

X 

146.41 

c 

242.25 

11-16 

63.11 

X 

151 .46 

For  STEEL  PLATES  multiply  tabular  numbers  above  (for  Size)  by  1 . 01. 


HOPKINS’  HANDY  NOTES  AND  QUERIES.  IO! 


Weight  and  Thickness  of  Boiler  Iron. 


1 

- 8  mch  weighs  5  lbs.  per  sq.  ft. 

No. 

1  Iron 

is...  5- 

-16 

inch  thick. 

3- 

-16 

a 

i  t 

7J“ 

i  i 

No. 

n 

O 

4  4 

...9- 

-32 

i  L 

1 

-4 

a 

a 

10  “ 

it 

No. 

4 

ii 

...1- 

-4 

ii 

r»- 

-16 

a 

ii 

12  i  “ 

ii 

No. 

5 

ii 

...7 

32 

i  i 

3- 

-8 

a 

a 

15  “ 

it 

No. 

ft 

i 

ii 

...3- 

-16 

ii 

7- 

-1G 

i  c 

a 

m  “ 

ii 

1- 

-2 

a 

a 

20  “ 

ii 

Thickness  of  Boiler  Tron  Required 

AND  PRESSURES  ALLOWED  BY  THE  LAWS  OF  THE  UNITED  STATES. 


Pressure  equivalent  to  the  Standard  for  a  Boiler  42-in.  in  di¬ 
ameter  and  \  in  thickness. 


Thickness 
in  IGths. 

Diameter  in  inches. 

34 

36 

38 

40 

42 

44 

46 

Lbs. 

Lbs. 

Lbs. 

Lbs. 

Lbs 

Lbs. 

Lbs. 

5 

169.9 

160.4 

152. 

144.4 

137.5 

131 . 2 

125.5 

4  h 

158.5 

149.7 

141 .8 

134 . 7 

128.3 

122.5 

117  2 

H 

147.2 

139.1 

131.8 

125.1 

119.2 

113.7 

108  8 

4 

135.9 

128.3 

121.6 

115.5 

110. 

105 

100. 

3f 

124.5 

117  6 

111.3 

105.9 

100.8 

96.2 

92 

4 

113.3 

106.9 

101.3 

96.2 

91.7 

87.5 

83 . . 

3 

101 .9 

96 . 2 

91.2 

82  6 

82 . 5 

78.7 

75 .  . 

Number  of  Burden’s  Rivets  in  100  Lbs. 


r-4  • 

re  co 

ti> 

bDjs 

Thickness  in  inches. 

A  m 

■§>Jt 

Thickness  in  inches. 

/— <  i  '*■! 

H  o 

»Jh 

1-2 

5-8 

11-16 

3-4 

1-2 

5-8 

11  1 6  3-4 

a 

4 

1,092 

665 

34 

433 

267 

212 

180 

i 

ft 

1,027 

940 

597 

413 

248 

201 

169 

l 

538 

450 

4 

395 

241 

192 

1 60 

* 

840 

512 

415 

4 

230 

184 

158 

1 

4 

797 

487 

389 

356 

i 

4 

220 

177 

1 50 

3 

760 

460 

370 

329 

4 

210 

171 

146 

| 

730 

440 

357 

280 

a 

4 

200 

166 

138 

* 

711 

420 

340 

271 

5 

‘  190 

161 

135 

I 

! 

693 

390 

325 

262 

4 

180 

156 

130 

648 

375 

312 

257 

4 

172 

151 

124 

2 

608 

360 

297 

243 

i 

164 

145 

120 

573 

354 

289 

237 

6 

157 

140 

115 

i 

555 

347 

280 

232 

i 

4 

150 

138 

111 

525 

335 

260 

220 

4 

146 

134 

107 

| 

500 

312 

242 

208 

1 

143 

129 

104 

3 

460 

290 

224 

197 

Ff 

i 

140 

125 

100 

• fen - : - ! — — — - 


IN  EVERY  VARIETY, 

MANUFACTURED  FOR  THE  TRADE 

BY 

J.  FINLEY  SMITH, 

AVHOSE  WELL  KNOWN  AND  RELIABLE  BRANDS  OF 


ARE  SO  FAVORABLY  KNOWN  TO  THE 


Every  Brush  Warranted  as  Represented. 

Sold  by  the  following  Houses,  to  whom  application  for 
Prices  and  Samples  can  be  made  : 

LOUDERBACK,  GILBERT  S'  CO., 

S3  Chambers  Street,  A’em  York. 
Q U AC KE KB USH,  TOWNSEND  S'  CO., 

85  Chambers  Street, 

SMITH ;  CO  HU  S'  CO., 

79  S  SI  Duane  Street ,  “ 


SMITH'S  PATENT  KALSOMINE  BROSHES  A  SPECIALTY. 

Brushes  of  Every  Desription 

ON  H  AN  B  OR  MADE  TO  ORDER. 


HOPKINS’  HANDY  NOTES  AND  QUERIES.  <03 


Rails,  Splices  and  Bolts  Required  for  One  Mile  of 

Track. 

Tons  of  Rails. 


Rule— To  find  the  number  of  tons  (of  2,240  lbs.)  of  Rail  to  the  mile,  divide 
the  weight  per  yard  by  7,  and  multiply  it  »\y  11,  thus:  for  56  lh.  rail  divide 
56  by  7,  equal  8,  multiplied  by  11,  equal  88tous,  for  one  mile  of  single  track. 


Weight  of  Rail, 
per  yard. 

Tons  per  Mile. 

Weight  of  Rail, 
per  yard. 

Tons  per  Mile. 

12 

pounds. 

12  tons  920  pounds. 

45 

pounds. 

70  tons  1600  p’nds. 

14 

it 

22 

»t 

48 

tt 

75 

tt 

960 

4  f 

16 

ft 

25 

tt 

320 

tt 

50 

tt 

78 

tt 

1280 

tt 

18 

tt 

28 

tt 

640 

tt 

52 

tt 

81 

tt 

1600 

tt 

20 

tt 

31 

tt 

960 

tt 

56 

tt 

88 

tt 

22 

tt 

84 

tt 

1280 

tt 

57 

tt 

89 

tt 

1280 

tt 

25 

1 1 

39 

tt 

640 

tt 

60 

tt 

94 

.t 

640 

tt 

26 

tt 

40 

tt 

1920 

tt 

62 

tt 

37 

tt 

960 

tt 

27 

«t 

42 

tt 

960 

tt 

64 

tt 

100 

tt 

1280 

tt 

28 

tt 

44 

tt 

65 

ft 

102 

tt 

320 

tt 

30 

tt 

47 

tt 

320 

tt 

68 

tt 

106 

tt 

1920 

tt 

33 

tt 

51 

tt 

1920 

tt 

70 

tt 

110 

tt 

35 

tt 

55 

tt 

72 

tt 

113 

tt 

320 

ft 

40 

tt 

62 

tt 

1920 

tt 

76 

tt 

119 

tt 

960 

ft 

Number  of  Rails,  Chairs,  Joints,  Splices  and  Bolts. 


Length  of  Rail. 

No.  of  Rails, 
Chairs  or  Joints. 

No.  of  Splices. 

No.  of  Bolts. 

18 

584 

1,168 

2,336 

20 

528 

1,056 

2,112 

21 

503 

1,'  06 

2,012 

22 

480 

960 

1,920 

24 

440 

880 

1,760 

25 

422 

814 

1,688 

26 

406 

812 

1,624 

27 

391 

782 

1,564 

28 

377 

754 

1,508 

30  • 

352 

704 

1,408 

No  allowance  made  for  side  track  in  above  tables. 


Number  of  Cross  Ties  for  each  Mile  of  Track. 


Centre  to  Centre. 

No.  of  Ties. 

Centre  to  Centre. 

No.  of  Ties. 

1^  feet . 

.  3,520 

2%  feet . 

....  2,113 

15?  “ . 

.  3,017 

2%  “  . 

1,921 

2  “  . 

2,640 

3  “  . 

....  ll761 

2%  “  . 

Capacity  of  a  Freight  Car. 

A  load  is  nominally  10  tons  of  20,000  lbs.  The  following  can  be  carried : 
Whiskey,  60  bbls.;  salt,  70  bbls.;  lime,  70  bbls.;  flour,  90  bids.;  eggs,  130  to 
160  bbls.;  floqr  200  sacks;  wood,  6  cords;  cattle,  18  to  20  head;  hogs,  50  to 
60;  sheep,  80  to  100;  lumber,  6,000  feet;  barley,  300  bushels, 'wheat,  340  bush¬ 
els;  flax  seed,  360  bushels;  apples,  370  bushels;  corn,  400  bushels;  potatoes, 
430  bushels;  .oats,  680  bushels;  bran,  1,000  bushels;  butter,  20,000  lbs. 


104  HOPKINS HANDY  NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


Weight  of  oue  foot  of  Bar  Steel. 


ROUND 

SQUARE. 

OCTAGON. 

Diain.  In. 

Lbs. 

Side  In. 

Lbs. 

Diam.  In. 

Lbs. 

u 

.166 

X 

.213 

X 

.84 

% 

.376 

X 

.479 

% 

1.23 

X 

.667 

X 

.855 

X 

1.75 

X 

1.04 

X 

1.33 

% 

2.25 

% 

1.50 

% 

1.91 

1 

2.75 

% 

2.05 

% 

2.61 

IX 

3.66 

1 

2.67 

1 

3.40 

ix 

4.55 

IX 

3.38 

1. % 

4.34 

1% 

5.50 

1% 

4.17 

IX 

5.32 

lx 

6.45 

l  X 

5.05 

1% 

6.44 

IX 

7.75 

IX 

6.00 

IX 

7  67 

IK 

9.20 

1% 

7.05 

1% 

9.00 

1% 

10.04 

l % 

8.17 

1 K 

10.44 

2 

11.60 

iy% 

9.38 

1% 

11.98 

2X 

13  14 

2 

10.68 

2 

13.63 

2X 

14.75 

2X 

12  04 

2X 

15.35 

2X 

16.40 

2X 

13.51 

2X 

17.20 

2X 

17.85 

2% 

15.05 

2% 

19.17 

2X 

19.50 

2*r 

16.68 

2X 

21.20 

2  K 

21.25 

2  x 

18  43 

2% 

23.30 

Vi 

22.69 

2% 

20.19 

2M 

25.70 

3 

25.00 

2  X 

22.00 

2% 

27.74 

3 

24.03 

3 

30.60 

3X 

26.12 

3X 

33.18 

3X 

28.20 

3X 

35.90 

3% 

30.45 

3% 

38.78 

3X 

32  70 

3X 

41.65 

3X 

35.12 

3% 

44.17 

3  At 

37.54 

3* 

46.70 

4 

42.71 

4 

54.40 

48.22 

4X 

61.40 

4X 

54.06 

4X 

68.85 

5 

66.75 

5 

85.00 

• 

American  and  Birmingham  Wire  Gauges. 

Thickness  in  Inches.  (Taken  from  Haswell.) 


No.  of 
Gauge. 

Thick,  of 
Am.  G. 

1 

Thick,  of 
Bir.  G. 

No.  of 
Gauge. 

Thick,  of 
Am.  G. 

Thick,  of 
Bir.  G 

No.  of 
Gauge. 

Thick,  of 
Am.  G. 

Thick,  of 
Bir.  of 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

0000 

.46 

.454 

11 

0907 

.12 

25 

.0179 

.02 

000 

.4096 

.425 

12 

.0808 

.109 

26 

.0160 

.018 

00 

.3648 

38 

13 

.0719 

.095 

27 

.0142 

.016 

0 

3248 

.34 

14 

.0641 

.083 

28 

0126 

.014 

1 

.2893 

30 

15 

.057 

.072 

29 

.0112 

.013 

2 

.2576 

.284 

16 

.0508 

.065 

30 

.01 

.012 

3 

.2294 

.259 

17 

.0452 

.058 

31 

.0089 

.1 

4 

.2043 

.238 

18 

.0403 

.049 

32 

.C079 

.009 

5 

.1819 

.22 

19 

.0359 

.042 

33 

.007 

.008 

6 

.1620 

.203 

20 

.0319 

.035 

34 

.0063 

.007 

7 

.1443 

.18 

21 

.0284 

.032 

35 

.0056 

.005 

8 

.1985 

.165 

22 

.0253 

.028 

36 

.005 

.004 

9 

.1144 

.148 

23 

.0225 

.025 

10 

.1019 

.134 

24 

.02  "1 

.022 

i 


HOPKINS’  HANDY  NOTES  A?vf D  QUERIES.  105 


Weight  of  a  Lineal  Foot  of  Flat  Steel  in  lbs. 


Inch. 

H 

H 

% 

% 

% 

1 

* 

.213 

.426 

.64 

•  •  • 

•  •  • 

•  •  • 

.266 

.533 

.8 

1.066 

•  •  • 

000 

•  •  • 

4 

.319 

.639 

.959 

1.28 

1.6 

000 

•  •  • 

l 

.426 

.853 

1.28 

1.706 

2.133 

2.559 

•  •  • 

.48 

.959 

1.439 

1  919 

2.399 

2.879 

3.84 

i| 

.533 

1.066 

1.6 

2.133 

2.666 

3.200 

4 . 266 

.586 

1.173 

1.759 

2.346 

2.933 

3.519 

4  693 

if 

.639 

1.279 

1.919 

2.56 

3.199 

3.84 

5.119 

if 

.693 

1.386 

2.079 

2.773 

3.466 

4.16 

5 . 546 

if 

.746 

1.493 

2.24 

2.986 

3.733 

4  479 

5.973 

2 

.  853 

1.706 

2.559 

3.413 

4.266 

5.119 

6.826 

H 

.906 

1.813 

2.719 

3.626 

4.533 

5.439 

7.253 

24 

.96 

1.919 

2.879 

3.84 

4.799 

5.76 

7.68 

2| 

1.013 

2.026 

3.039 

4.053 

5.066 

6.079 

8.106 

n 

1.016 

2.133 

3.199 

4.266 

5.333 

6 . 399 

8.533  ! 

1.019 

2.24 

3.36 

4.48 

5.6 

6.72 

8.96 

1.173 

2.346 

3.519 

4.693 

5.866 

7.039 

9.386 

3 

1.28 

2.56 

3.84 

5.12 

6.4 

7.68 

10.24 

34 

1.386 

2.773 

4.16 

5.546 

6.933 

8.319 

11.093 

34 

1.493 

2.986 

4.48 

5.973 

7.466 

8.95 

11  946 

3| 

1.6 

3.199 

4.799 

6.399 

7.999 

9 . 599 

12.799 

4 

1 . 706 

3.413 

5.119 

6.826 

8.533 

10.239 

13.653 

4£ 

1.813 

3  626 

5.439 

7.253 

9.066 

10.879 

14.506 

4  h 

1.92 

3.84 

5.76 

7.68 

9.6 

11.52 

15.36 

4  f 

2.026 

4.053 

6.079 

8.106 

10.133 

12.159 

16.213 

5 

2.133 

4.266 

6.399 

8.533 

10.666 

12.799 

17.066 

r>4 

2.24 

4.48 

6.72 

8.959 

11.199 

13.44 

17.919 

54 

2.346 

4.693 

7.039 

9.386 

11.733 

14.079 

18.773 

5f 

2.453 

4.906 

7.359 

9.813 

12.266 

14.719 

19.626  1 

6 

2.56 

5.12 

7.68 

10.24 

12.8 

15.36 

29.48  ' 

American  Sizes  of  Sheet  Iron. 

The  following  table  gives  the  pounds  and  ounces  per  square 
foot  of  plain  and  galvanized  sheet- iron  from  No.  14  to  No.  29, 
inclusive,  and  is  the  table  upou  which  the  current  price  lists  of 
t  ie  rolling  mills  are  based. 

NUMBERS  AND  WEIGHTS  OF  SHEET  IRON. 


No. 

Oz. 

Lbs. 

Oz. 

No. 

Oz. 

Lbs. 

Oz. 

1 4 

60 

3 

12 

23 . 

19 

1 

0 

O 

1 6 

48 

3 

0 

24 . 

17 

1 

1 

1  7 

43 

2 

11 

25 . 

16 

1 

0 

1 8 

38 

2 

6 

26 . 

15 

19 

33 

2 

1 

27 . 

14 

90 

28 

1 

12 

28 . 

13 

21 . 

24 

1 

8 

29 

12 

22 . 

21 

1 

5 

Drawer  and  PADLOCKS  with  Fin*  c«.^»  „ 

•™x*  *•«««■•  ^  *as  j. 


HOPKINS’  HANDY  NOTES  AND  QUERIES.  107 


Tempering  Steel. 

(Harwell.) 

Steel  in  its  hardest  state  being  too  brittle  for  most  purposes,  the  requisite 
strength  and  elasticit  y  are  obtained  by  tempering — or  letting  dawn  the  temper 
as  it  is  'ei  iued — which  is  performed  by  heating  the  hardened  steel  to  a  cer¬ 
tain  degree  and  cooling  it  quickly.  The  requisite  heat  i»  usually  ascertained 
by  the  color  which  the  surface  of  the  Steel  assumes  from  the  film  of  oxide 
thus  formed. 

The  degrees  of  heat  to  which  these  several  colors  correspond  are  as  follow®: 

At.  430,  a  very  faint  yellow  (Suitable  for  hard  instruments  ;  us  haiumer- 
At  450,  a  pale  straw  color.  )  faces,  drills,  &c. 

At  470,  a  full  yellow .  ( For  instruments  requiring  hard  edees  without 

At  490,  a  brown  color .  (  elasticity ;as shears, scissors, turning too*s,&c 

^ sums  *,IOUn’  VV*t*'  *>ur*,le  | For  tools,  for  cutting  wood  and  soft  metals 
At  630,  ’  purple*’. ! ! "  ..  .  " ; ;  [  tn,ch  ae  plane-irons,  knives,  Ac. 

strong  edges,  without  ev- 
as  cold-chisels,  axes,  cut- 


dark 
full  blue 


v.  (For  tools  requiring  i 

1  . -<  tremc  hardness  ;  ai 

lle .  (  lery,  Ac. 


As  550, 

At  560, 

At  600,  grayish  blue,  verg-  (For  spring-temper,  which  will  bend  before 

ing  on  black .  (  breaking;  as  saws,  sword-blades,  &c. 

If  the  steel  is  heated  higher  than  this,  the  iliect  of  the  hardening  process 
is  destroyed. 

It  Has  Kent  Staled 

That  the  temperature  of  furnaces  &c.,  may  be  estimated  with  considerable 
accuracy  by  the  color  of  the  fire,  and  that  with  a  little  practice  the  error  at 
very  high  temperatures  will  not  <  xceed  90°,  or  100°,  and  the  following  table 
contains  the  result  of  observations  with  an  air  thermometer. 


Temperature, 

Color  of  Fire.  Degrees  F. 

Red,  just  visible . 977 

“  dull .  1,200 

cherry,  dull .  1,470 


ll 

U 


t. 

U 


full, 
clear . 


650 

830 


Temperature, 

Color  of  Fire.  degrees  F 

Orange,  deep .  2,ui0 

“  clear .  2,190 

White  heat . .  2,370 

“  bright .  2,550 

“  dazzling . 2,730 


Effect  of  Meat  on  Various  Bodies. 


1 'egrees 

Ammonia  boil? .  14 

Ammonia  (liquid)  freezes .  — +6 


951 

365 

476 

98 

25 


Antimony  melts 

Arsenic  melrs . 

Bismuth  nn  Its . 

Blood  (human)  heat  of 
“  “  freezes 

Brandy  freezes .  —7 

Brass  melts .  1,900 

Cadmium  melts .  <500 

Coal  Tar  boils .  325 

Cold,  great'  st  artificial . —166 

“  greatest  natural .  —66 

Common  Fire .  190 

Copper  melts .  2.5-18 

Glass  melts  .  2.87  i 

Gold  (fine)  melts .  2,59  ) 

Gutta-percha  softens .  ’45 

Heat,  cherry  red . 1.6.  • 

“  (Daniel) . 1-141 

right  r.  d . i,86') 


D< 


It 


t» 

U 

u 


brigl 

red,  visible  by  day. 


l.o 


>! 


“  white . 2,9  0 

Ice  melts .  . _  3  ! 

Iron  (cast)  melt? .  3  19 

“  (wrough')  melts . 8.080 

The  si<'n  —  before  the  figures  indicates  that  many  degrees  beiow  zero  or  o. 


gives. 

Iron,  bright  red  in  the  dark. . .  752 

“  red  not  in  twiiigbl .  884 

Lead  melts .  601 

Mercury  i  oils  .  662 

“  volaD’iz  s .  680 

‘s  freezes .  — 39 

Napi  *'>a  oo  N  .  1  6 

Petroleum  boils .  306 

Platinum  melts .  3,0? -0 

Potass  ii m  unit* . . .  135 

Proof  8  pi' 't  f'  -e  es .  — 7 

Saltpetre  i  <  "Is .  6u0 

Sea-water  I  •  ezes . 28 

Silver  (fine)  1  e]t»- .  1,250 

Snow  and  Salt,  <  qnal  parts.  0 

Soirits  of  Terp.nnue  freezes.  14 

Si .  1  melts . 2,5  u 

polished,  blue  .  5^0 

.  straw  color .  460 

Sir-  n-g  Wines  freeze .  20 

Hn>phur  limits .  226 

Su'pb  Acid(sp.grav  1 ,64  l)f  ree.es  — 16 

rI’in  melt-j .  421 

Vinous  fermentation . 60  to  77 

Water  in  vacua  boils .  9S 

Zinc  melts . 740 


Xi^kXTIt!  CALEI, 


MANUFACTURERS  OF 


AND 


m 


t®0T,  «*»  T, 


HOPKINS’  HANDY  NOitS  ANO  OU&ttiES.  109 


Standard  Length  of 

1  ( 

Cut  of  Hatchets  and 

Pencil  Axes. 

. 

i 

1  3 

Shingling . 

. 1 

•  -L  1 

•*« 

|  4^  inches. 

Claw . 

. 1  . 

8*  1 

34 

|  inches. 

Half . 

. 1 

34  | 

3# 

|  4f  inches. 

Lath . 

i 

n  i 

|  3  inches. 

_  1 

No . 

....  |  1 

1  2  |  3 

4  |  f>  |  . 

>  1  7 

8  1  » 

Bench . 

...  |3f 

1  H  1  * 

5  A  |  6  |  fi 

:i  1  74  |  8^  9,  inches. 

Weights  of  Washoe  (Adz  Eye)  Picks. 

RAILROAD  PICKS. 

Nos . 

1  1  1 

2  |  3 

|  4  |  5 

G 

1  7  |  8 

Weight . 

1  5  | 

H  1  6 

1  |  7 

74 

8  |  8.4  lbs. 

MINING  OR  DRIFTING  PICKS. 

Nos .  |  1 

1  2  | 

3  |  4 

1  6  1  6 

1  7 

18  1  9 

Weight  |  3 

1  3*  I 

4  |  44 

1  5  1 

1  6 

|  G4  |  7  lbs. 

POLL  PICKS. 

Nos .  |  1 

1  2  | 

3  |  4 

5  |  G 

1  7 

1  8  1  » 

Weight  |  3| 

1  4  | 

H  1  5 

54  |  6 

1  64 

|  7  |  74  lbs. 

' 

COAL  PICKS. 

Nos . 

1  1 

2 

3 

4 

5  |  6 

Weight . 

4 

^4 

5 

6  |  64  lbs. 

Coes*  (Genuine)  Wrenches. 

WILL  TAKE 

NUTS  OF  THE  FOLLOWING  SIZES: 

Size  of  Wrench  |  4 

G  |  8 

|  10  |  12 

1  13 

|  18  |  21  in. 

Size  of  NutH.. 

..  1  4 

i  1  U  1  If  1  n  1  aft  1  3  1  H  in- 

Cast  Steel  Crowbars. 

Size . 

1  1 

8  i 

Ul 

n  1  1 1  u 

Usual  Weight. 

. Lbs.  |  6 

8  10 

13  | 

17  |  22  2G 

Usual  Length. 

48  |  52 

55  1 

58  |  GG  |  72 

V.  G.  HUNDLEY, 

PROPRIETOR  OF 

North  Carolina  Handle  Co., 


MANUFACTURER  OF 

HANDLES  AND  SPOKES, 


AND  MANUFACTURERS  AGENT  FOR 

WASHOE  SOLID  PUNCHED 

“  ADZE-EYE  ”  TOOLS, 


OFFICE  AND  WAREHOUSE, 

79  Reade  Street  and  97  Chambers  Street, 

New  York. 


FACTORY,  GREENSBORO,  N,  0, 


HOPKINS'  HANDY  NOTES  AND  QUERIES.  Hi 


Molasses  Oates. 

No . |  1  |  2  |  3  |  4  1  5 

Inside  Diameter . |  13-16  |  %  \  1%  f  1%  |  IX 

Boie . |  1  !  1  y8  |  1%  1  \%  |~Tl3-l6~ 

John  Wilson’s  English  Butcher  Knives. 

LENGTH  OF  BLADE  OF  EACH  NO. 

No . |  026  |  26  j  27  |  23~  |  29  j  30 

Length . |  4#  |  5  |  5^  |~5&  |  ~6  |  6%  inches. 

No . |  43  |  44  |  45  |  "46  j  47  j  48  |  49  |  86~ 

Length..  |  7  |  8  |  9  [  10  |  11  |  12  |  13  |  14~IrT. 

Eley  Bros.’  (“  E.  B.”)  Percussion  Caps 

ABE  NUMBERED  IN  THIS  MANNER  : 

Smallest..  |  No.  |  9  |  24  |  10  |  11  |  18  |  12  |  13  |  14  |  ..Largest. 

English  Oun  Gauge. 

SIZES  EXPRESSED  IN  PARTS  OF  AN  INCH. 

Number. 

Bore..  |  5  |  6  pTj  9  |hl  15  |  19  |  25  |  36  |  52  |  90  |  140  |  3u0 

Inch  ..  |  1  1  15-16  |  J8  |  13-16  |  X  |  11-16  |  %  [  9-16  |  X  I  7-16  |  %  \  5-16  j  ~  X 

The  Sizes  of  Skates 

COMPARE  WITH  SIZES  OF  SHOES  AS  FOLLOWS  : 

Skates,  Inches..  |  8  |  8X1  9  ]~9X~|~1QT»oT^1  ~lT~j  lT% 


Shoes,  No . |  9X|  11  |  12X  1  l  "|  2*6  I  4~~j  6X  |  f%  1  9  |  IPX 

Plate  and  Bedstead  Casters. 

SIZE,  IN  INCHES,  OF  WHEELS  OF  EACH. 

Plate . No  |  I  T~2  i  3  \  4  (  5  j  6  j  T 

Size . ~|  %  I  1  I  1%  I  1  H_\  IK  I  17-16  1  IX 

Bedstead,  Old  No.  |  1%.0  |  l%.l  |  1%  .2  |  2  in  0  |  2  in  1  |  2  in  2  |  2 in  heavy. 
New  “  |  101  |  102  |  103  |  104  |  105  |  10S  |  107 

size . I  I  "DT7  1  ix  l  Us  I _ 2  I  2x 


Hatter’s  Size  Pleasure. 

To  obtain  the  correct  size  of  the  head,  use  a  strip  of  paper— newspaper 
will  cio  Draw  it  tightly  around  the  largest  part  of  the  head,  aud  have  the 
ends  just  meet.  Then  measure  the  length  of  the  paper  and  the  figures  be¬ 
low  will  give  you  the  size  according  to  hatter’s  measure.  An  eighth  of  an 
inch  either  way  will  make  no  difference.  These  measures  will  answor  for 
any  style  of  hat  or  cap  made : 


18X  inches  is . — 

22  X  inches  is . . . 7 

22  X  “  . 7% 

19%  “  . S 

1AI/  u 

23  “  . TM 

23%  “  . 1% 

19  %  *77 

20J4  “  6% 

uAV  B  ...6^ 

23%  “  . TX 

24  “  . 7% 

20  X  . 

24X  “  . TX 

Aliy  1C  ..  .63^ 

25  «  . 7% 

s«  «  . «« 

25V  «  . 8 

j  j‘i  HOPKINS’.  HANDY  NO  TES£ AND  QUERIES. 


TABLE 


SHOWING  THE  DIAMETER  IN  DECIMALS  OP  AN  INCH,  AND  THE 
NUMBER  OF  FEET  IN  ONE  POUND  OF  EACH  GAUGE  IRON 
WIRE,  AS  DRAWN  BY  THE  UNITED  STATES  MANUFACTURERS. 


No. 

Decim'ls 
of  inch. 

Feet  in  pound. 

No. 

Decim’ls 
of  inch. 

Feet  in  pound 

000 

.362 

2.873 

15 

.072 

72.984 

00 

.331 

3.444 

16 

.063 

95.396 

0 

.323 

3.619 

17 

.054 

129.873 

1 

.283 

4.698 

18 

.047 

172.401 

2 

.263 

5.444 

19 

.040 

222.222 

3 

.244 

6.333 

20 

.033 

301249 

4 

.225 

7.460 

21 

.030 

370.036 

5 

.207 

8.809 

22 

.026 

476.190 

6 

.192 

10.270 

23 

.022 

640.74 

7 

.177 

12.047 

24 

.020 

879.03 

8 

.162 

14.365 

25 

.017 

1189.71 

9 

.148 

17.238 

26 

.015 

1485.62 

10 

.135 

20.698 

27 

.014 

1872.71 

11 

.  120 

26.174 

28 

.012 

2361.42 

12 

.105 

34.254 

29 

.011 

2978.91 

13 

.092 

44.655 

30 

.010 

3754.83 

14 

.080 

59.174 

TABLE 

SHOWING  CORRESPONDING  SIZES  OF  STUBS’  STEEL  WIRE  OR 
RODS,  TO  THE  DIVISIONS  OF  AN  INCH. 


Nos.  2 

12 

21 

28 

30 

35 

42 

48 

52 

56 

61 

7-32 

3  16 

5-32 

9-641 1-8 

7-64 

3  32 

5-64 

1-16 

3  64 

1-32 

MESH  OF  COAL  SCREENS. 


USED  BY  THE  PRINCIPAL  COAL  DEALERS. 


2f,  2f  anti  2  inch 
If  and  H 
If  and  1  “ 

£ and  |  “ 

4 and  §  “ 

I  “ 

5-ig 


Screen  s  F urn  ace  Coal . 

“  Stove  out  of  Egg  Coal. 
“  Nut  out  of  Stove  “ 

“  Stove  Coal. 

.  “  Nut  “ 

.  “  Pea  “ 

.  “  Erickmakers’  Dust. 


HOPKINS’  HANDY  NOTES  AND  QUERIES.  I  13 


OVAL  SLIDE  VISES. 


SIZES  OP  SCREWS  AND  LENGTH  OF  JAWS. 


Nos . 

.  1 

00  I 

0 

1 

2 

1  3 

4 

Sizes  of  Screws  . 

% 

% 

1  % 

1  % 

1 

ITS 

Length  of  Jaws . 

. inches  | 

2  | 

2* 

1  3 

3  % 

4 

Weight,  pounds. 

.  1 

1%  l 

11 

18 

20  | 

36^ 

54 

SOLID  BOX  VISES. 

LENGTH  OF  JAW  TO  EACH  SIZE  MANUFACTURED. 


Nos . 

|  35 

40 

45 

50 

05 

1  6. 

|  65 

70 

1  75 

80 

GC 

<C 

O 

Length  of  Jaws 

1  inches . 

3^ 

4 

4V 

V/2 

5 

5 

!  sir 

5* 

5  % 

Weight.,  pounds 

(about) . 

35 

40 

45 

50 

55 

60 

65 

70 

75 

80 

8^ 

!!  . 
i ; 

; 

SOLID  BOX  VISES. 

—(Continued.) 

i  Noe . 

95 

100 

110 

120  |  130 

140 

150 

160 

170  |  180 

190 

200 

1  Length  of  Jaws 
!  inches . 

5% 

6 

6 

6'4 

65£ 

7 

7 

7  X 

7# 

7# 

7  X 

8 

|  Weight, pounds 

I  (about) . 

95 

100 

110  | 

120 

130 

140 

150 

160 

170 

ISO 

190 

209 

i  i 
j  | 

Rope  and  Iron  Strapped  Tackle  Blocks. 

DIAMETER  OF  SHEAVES,  AND  SIZE  OF  ROPE  TAKEN  BY  EACH,  j 

!!  _  i1 

j;  Length  of  Blocks, 

inches. 

^  | 

5 

6 

7 

1 

8 

Diameter  of  Wheels, 

i 

2>2 

1  3 

SX 

4K  1 

5 

;  Diameter  of  Rope, 

a 

X 

/Q 

X 

%  1 

1  I 

!.!  .  .  1 

Length  of  Blocks, 

inches. 

9 

10 

11 

12 

| 

Diameter  of  Wheels, 

<< 

&X 

6K 

7% 

8  1 

Diameter  of  Rope, 

<  < 

1  1 

i  X  1 

IX 

1KI 

i 


Thick  Mortise  Blacks. 


Length  of  Blocks,  inches. 

1  9  1 

10 

11 

12  15 

j  Diameter  of  Wheels,  “ 

r.%  1 

V{4 

8 

Diameter  0  Rope, 

m\ 

IK 

IK 

Size  of  Fry  Pans. 

No .  0  |  1  |  2  | 

3  |  4 

«  1 

6  7 

8 

Size  across  top .  |  8  |  |  9  | 

9£  |  10 

1  Ufl 

12  |  13 

|  14  inch. 

C  1 gt 

PURE 


FRESH 


al^j 

CELEBRATED 


age  County  S< 


AND 

UNDINE. 


AND 

RELIABLE. 


^lefd^cuytd  ki\d  jVfh^ket  G^iCdeqei^ 

CAN  SAVE  MONEY 

BY  SENDING  FOR  OUR  WHOLESALE  PRICE  LIST. 


Onr  Descriptiye  Catalogue,  containing  one  of  the  Largest  Collections  of 


CARDEN  FIELD  AND  FLOWER  SEEDS 

IN  CIRCULATION.  SEND  FOR  ONE. 


W.  H.  CORNISH  &  OO., 

1  02  Water  St.  and  79  Front  St., 

NEWBURGH.  N.  Y. 


HOPKINS'  HANDY  NOTES  AND  QUERIES.  IIS 


QUANTITY  OF  SEED  REQUIRED 

TO  PRODUCE  A  GIVEN  NUMBER  OF  PLANTS  AND  SOW  A  GIVEN  AMOUNT 

OF  GROUND. 


Quantity 
per  acre. 

Artichoke,  1 02.  to  500  plants. .. .  3^  lb. 
Asparagus,  1  oz.  to  200  plants  . .  5  lbs. 

Barley . 2)6  bu. 

Beans,  dwarf,  1  quart  to  150  feet 

of  drill . 1!*  “ 

Beans,  pole,  1  quart  to  200  hills. .  yt  “ 

Beet,  garden,  1  oz.  to  100  feet  of 

drill . 10  lbs. 

Beet,  Mangel,  1  oz.  to  150  feet  of 

drill . 6  “ 

Brocoli,  1  oz.  to  8,000  plants . 5  oz. 

Broom  Corn . 10  lbs. 

Brussels  Sprouts,  1  oz.  to  3,000 

plants . 5  “ 

Buckwheat .  %  bu. 

Cabbage,  1  oz.  to  8,000  plants _ 6  oz. 

Carrot,  1  oz.  to  250  feet  of  drill . .  2)6  lbs. 

oz. 


Cauliflower.  1  oz.  to  3,000  plants.  5 
Celery,  1  oz.  to  10,000 jdants.  ...  4 
Clover,  Alsike  and  White  Dutch  6 
“  Lucerne,  Large  Red  and 

Crimson  Trefoil . 8 

**  Medium . 10 

Collards,  1  oz.  to  2,600  plants - 6 

Corn,  sweet,  1  quart  to  500  hills  .  8 
Cress,  1  oz.  to  160  feet  of  drill. . .  8 

Cucumber,  1  oz.  to  80  hills . lif 

Egg  Plant,  1  oz.  to  2,000  plants  .  8 
Endive,  1  oz.  to  300  feet  of  drill .  3 

Flax,  broad  cast .  )6 

Garlic,  bulbs,  1  lb.  to  10  feet  of 

Drill. . 

Gourd,  1  oz.  to  25  hills . 2)6 

Grass,  Blue  Kentucky . 2 

“  Blue  English . . 1 

“  Hungarian  and  Millet. ...  )6 

“  Mixed  Lawn . . . 3 

“  Orchard,  Perennial  Rye, 

Red  Top, Fowl  Meadow 
and  Wood  Meadow  ....  2 


lbs. 


oz. 

qts. 

Dos. 


oz. 

lbs. 

bu. 


bu. 


Quantity 
per  acre. 

Hemp .  )6  bu. 

Kale,  1  oz.  to  3,000  plants .  4  *  oz. 

Kohl  Rabi,  1  oz.  to  200  feet  of 

.  1)6  lbs. 

Leek,  1  oz.  to  250  feet  of  drill _ 4 

Lettuce,  1  oz.  to  250  feet  of  drill.  3  “ 

Martynia,  1  oz.  to  50  feet  of  drill  10  “ 

Melon,  Musk,  1  oz.  to  100  hills. . .  1%  “ 
Melon,  Water,  1  oz.  to  25  hills...  1)6  “ 
Nasturtium,  1  oz.  to  50  feet  of 

drill . 10  “ 

Okra,  i  oz.  to  50  feet,  of  drill . 10 

Onion  Seed,  1  oz,  to  200  feet  of 

drill . 5 

“  “  for  Sets . 30 

Onion  Sets,  1  quart  to  20  feet  of 

drill . 8 

Parsnip,  1  oz.  to  250  feet  of  drill.  6 
Parsley,  1  oz.  to  250  feet  of  drill.  8 
Peas,  garden,  1  quart  to  150  feet 

of  drill . 1)6 

“  field . 2)6 

Pepper,  1  oz.  to  1,500  plants . 4 

Potatoes . 8 

Pumpkin,  1  quart  to  300  hills. ...  4 
Radish,  1  oz.  to  150  feet  of  drill. .  8 

Rye . 1)6 

Salsify,  1  oz.  to  60  feet  of  drill ...  8 
Spinage,  1  oz.  to  150  feet  of  drill.  10 
Summer  Savory,  1  oz.  to  600  feet 

of  drill . 2 

Squash,  summer,  1  oz.  to  40  hills  2 
“  winter,  1  oz.  to  10  hills. . 

Tomato,  1  oz.  to  3,000  plants _ 

Tobacco.  1  oz.  to  6,000  plants _ 

Turnip,  1  oz.  to  250  feet  of  drill 

Vetches . 2  bu. 

Wheat . 1  to  2  “ 


oz. 


Telocity  and  Force  of  the  Wind. 


Description. 


Hardly  perceptible . 

J ust  perceptible . j 

Gentle  Breeze . | 

Pleasant  Breeze . -j 

Brisk  Gale  . | 

High  Wind . 

Very  high  Wind . 

Storm . 

Great  Storm . “j 

Hurricane . j 


M  iles 
per 
Hour. 

Feet  per 
minute. 

Feet  per 
second, 

Force  in  lbs 
per  sq.  foot 

1 

8S 

1.47 

-005 

2 

176 

2.93 

.020 

3 

264 

4.4 

.044 

4 

352 

5.87 

.079 

5 

440 

7.33 

.123 

10 

880 

14.07 

.492 

25 

1320 

22 

1.101 

20 

1700 

29.3 

1.908 

25 

2200 

30.0 

3.075 

30 

2040 

44. 

4.428 

35 

3080 

51.3 

6.027 

40 

3520 

58.0 

7.872 

45 

3900 

GO. 

9.903 

50 

4400 

73.3 

12.800 

CO 

52S0 

8S. 

17.712 

70 

Cl  00 

102.7 

24.108 

80 

7040 

117.3 

31.488 

100 

8800 

140  0 

49.200 

bu. 

lbs. 


bu. 

lbs. 


bu. 

i. 

oz. 

bu. 

qts. 

Ids. 

bu. 

lbs. 


3 
3 

2  “ 
1)6  lbs. 


SOMETHING  NEW! 


TIKCE  COMING  PLOW  ! 


WE  GUARANTEE  EVERY 

Remington  Carbon  Plow 

Well  made,  of  good  material,  and  if  properly  handled,  to  give  perfect  satisfaction,  failing  in 
which,  after  ons  day’s  trial,  Plow  to  be  held  subject  to  manufacturers’  orders. 

THE 

REMINGTON  CARBON  CUPPER! 


The  NEW  REMINGTON  CLIPPER  enters  its  third  year  with  a  reputation  unex¬ 
ampled.  It  already  stands  in  the  front  rank  of  first-class  Plows.  It  is  not  surpassed  in  any 

particular,  and  it  is  superior  in  form,  finish,  metal,  and  light  weight  .o  any  other  cast  Plow  in 

the  market.  The  carbon  metal  of  which  it  is  made,  being  one-half  cast  steel,  has  all  the  hard, 
ness  and  scouring  qualities  of  the  chilled  iron,  and  is  much  stronger.  It  can,  therefore,  be  made 
the  lightest  of  all  the  cast  Plows. 

The  form  of  the  NEW  REMINGTON  CLIPPER  is  acknowledged  to  be  the  culmi¬ 
nation  of  Plow  improvements.  It  is  simply  PERFECT  ;  it  is  so  acknowledged  by  every  one 
who  has  seen  it.  It  is  the  production  of  the  best  Plow  maker  in  this  country.  For  lightness  of 
draft  and  ease  of  handling,  it  challenges  the  world .  All  we  ask  is  for  the  farmer  to  take  it 
home  and  try  it  before  purchasing  any  other.  He  will  say  that  he  has  never  seen  its  equal. 

The  NEW  REMINGTON  PLOWS,  full  rigged,  weigh  15  to  30  pounds  less  than  th« 
Chilled  Plows  of  the  same  capacity.  SEND  FOR  PRICES. 


MANUFACTURED  BY  THE 

REMINGTON  AGRICULTURAL  CO., 

118  Chambers  St,  New  York. 


HOPKINS’  HANDY  NOTES  AND  QUERIES.  II 7 


Plants  or  Trees. 


\ 


NUMBER  TO  THE  ACRE  AT  GIVEN  DISTANCES. 


Dis.  apart. 

$  foot . 

1  “  . 

1  £  feet . 

2  “  . 

No.  Plants. 

Dis.  apart. 

6  feet . 

7  “  . 

8  <•  . 

9  “  _ 

No.  Plants. 

.  680 

572. 

“ 

10 

.  4 

3  feet  by  1  foot... 

.  14,520 

11 

< ; 

2  “ 

2  feet.... 

.  7,260 

12 

<  i 

3  “ 

3  “  .... 

.  4,840 

15 

a 

193 

4  “ 

1  foot... 

.  10,888 

18 

i  i 

134 

4  “ 

2  feet . . 

.  5,444 

20 

i  t 

108 

4  “ 

3  “  .... 

.  3,629 

25 

4  c 

. . .  09 

4  “ 

4  “  .... 

30 

(< 

49 

5  “ 

5  “  .... 

.  1,742 

Customary  and  Legal  Weight  of  Various  Articles  in  the 

United  States. 


Apples . 

lbs. 
per  bu.  48 

“  dried .  . 

4  4 

24 

Barley . 

4  < 

48 

Beaus  . 

4  4 

60 

Buckwheat . 

a 

48 

Broom  Corn . 

4  4 

46 

Blue  Grass,  Kentucky 

44 

14 

“  “  English. . 

4  4 

24 

Bran .  . 

4  4 

20 

CanarjrSeed . 

4  4 

60 

Castor  Beans . 

4  4 

46 

Clover  Seed . 

44 

64 

Corn,  shelled . 

4  4 

56 

on  ear . 

<1 

70 

Corn  Meal . 

44 

50 

Charcoal . 

4  4 

22 

Coal,  Mineral . 

44 

80 

Cranberries . 

4  4 

40 

Dried  Peaches . 

44 

28 

Flax  Seed . 

44 

55 

Hemp  Seed . 

<4 

44 

Hungarian  Grass  Seed 

44 

50 

Irish  Potatoes,  heap¬ 
ing  measure . 

44 

CO 

Millet . 

4  4 

50 

Malt . 

4  4 

34 

Oats . 

<« 

32 

Osage  Orange . 

44 

33 

Orchard  Grass . 

4  4 

14 

lbs. 


Onions . 

.perbu.  56 

Peas . 

4  4 

60 

Plastering  Hair . 

4  4 

8 

Rape . 

4  4 

50 

Rye . 

4  4 

56 

Red  Top  Seed . 

4  4 

14 

Salt,  Coarse . 

«< 

50 

Salt,  Michigan . 

4  4 

56 

Sweet  Potatoes . 

4  4 

56 

Timothy  Seed . 

Turnips . 

44 

45 

4  4 

55 

Wheat . 

4  4 

60 

Beef  and  Pork,  per  bU.,  net 

200 

Flour,  per  bbl  ,  net 

196 

White  Fish  and  Trout,  per 

bbl.,  net . 

200 

Salt,  per  bbl . . 

.  280 

Lime,  “  . 

,  220 

Hay,  well  settled,  per  cubic  ft 

■  44 

Corn,  on  cob,  in  bin,  “ 

22 

Corn,  shelled,  “  “ 

45 

Wheat,  “  “ 

48 

Oats,  “  “ 

m 

Potatoes,  *'  “ 

38. V 

Sand,  dry,  ‘  ‘ 

95 

Clay,  compact,  “ 

135 

Marble,  “ 

169 

Seasoned  Beech  Wood, per  cord 

5,616 

“  Hickory,  “ 

6,960 

NEW  Y O  R  K 


HOPKINS’  HANDY  NOTES  AND  QUERIES.  II  9 


Specific  Gravity,  and  Weight 


TO  CUBIC  FOOT  OF  VARIOUS  MATERIALS. 


5 

Xi  xj 
a 

EJ 

V 

«  m 

V 

O 

tj> 

at 

t 

ai 

Timber. 

o 

3  a 

Fluids. 

o 

«a 

3  <2 

« 

■— *  -*.» 

•  H 

•fH 

5. 

& 

GO 

* 

Ash . 

.8 

50 

Alcohol . 

.8 

50 

Beech . 

.69 

43 

Ether _ .... 

.74 

46 

Birch . 

.71 

44 

Oil . 

.90 

56 

Cedar . 

.48 

31 

Water, 

Deal,  Christ’ua 

.7 

44 

Fresh . 

1.000 

62.4 

Elm . 

.6 

37 

Water,  Sea. . 

1.02® 

64.1 

Hornbeam  .... 
Larch . 

.75 

.55 

47 

35 

Artificial 
Substances . 

Me  mol . 

.6 

37 

Mahogany, 
Spanish . 

Brick . 

2.0 

124 

.8 

50 

Brickwork, 

Oak,  English. . 

.93 

58 

in  mortar. . 

1.6 

100 

Oak,  Canadian 

.87 

54 

(Brickwork, 

$  112 
i  to94 

Pine,  Red . 

.65 

41 

in  cement. 

1.8 

Pine,  Yellow. . 

.45 

29 

Concrete, 

Teak,Moulm’n 

-65 

41 

ordinary... 

1.9 

119 

Yew . 

.8 

50 

in  cement. 

2.2 

133 

• 

Cement, 

Miscellaneous. 

Portland... 

1.3 

81 

Roman.... 

1. 

63 

Asphaltnm. . . . 
Gutta  Percha. 

9 

56 

Glass . 

2.5 

156 

.98 

61 

Lime,  quick. 

.8 

50 

India  Rubber  . 
Ivory  . 

.94 

60 

Mortar . 

1.7 

109 

1.8 

112 

Tile . 

1.8 

112 

Stokes, 
Earths, Ac. 

Specific  gravity. 

Weight  per  cub. 
foot  in  pounds. 

Chalk . 

2.3 

243 

Clay . 

2. 

125 

Coal..' . 

1.3 

82 

Coke . 

Earth, 

.8 

50 

Rammed. 

1.6 

100 

Flint . 

2  6 

163 

Gravel  . 

1.9 

120 

Granite  .... 

2.6 

164 

Grindstone. 

2.1 

131 

Limestone. . 

2.5 

156 

Marble. . .. 

2.7 

168 

Sand . 

1.9 

120 

Sandstone.. 

Stone, 

Bath . 

Stone, 

2.5 

156 

1.8 

112 

Portland,. 

2  1 

131 

York  Flag.. 

2.3 

143 

Slate . 

2.8 

175 

Shingle . 

1.4 

90 

Weight  of  a  Cubic  Foot  of  Various  Substances, 

IN  POUNDS. 


:>  ETALS. 


Gun  Metal. . 


Lead. 

Merci 

Steel 

44 

Tin.. 


Wood,  Ac. 

489. 

Live  Oak . 

66.75 

Coal,  Cannel. .. . 

.  94. 

513. 

Hickorv . 

95  5 

Cotton,  Bale.... 

.  14 

645. 

Pine,  White . 

84. 

“  Pressed. 

.  22. 

450. 

Spruce  . 

31.25 

Earth,  Loose.... 

482. 

Corkwood . 

15. 

“  Mud . 

710. 

Fire  Brick . 

137. 

Common  Boil  . . . 

.137. 

849 

Coal,  Anthracite 

93. 

Hay,  Bale . 

486. 

Bituminous  80. 

44  Pressed.... 

.  25. 

452. 

455. 

428 

450. 

I 


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I 


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Price  of  Drill  Brace  complete,  per  doz.,  $36.00. 

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74  CHAMBERS  STREET,  NEW  YORK. 


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