





4 




f ‘ 





t 


Zoology. 



their having been made by successive steps, afforded by this succession 
of corresponding prints at regular intervals, is the strongest we possess. 
1 hey are in pairs, and the pairs extend in two parallel linear series 
with a groove midway between the two series. The outer impression 
of each pair is the largest, and it is a little behind the inner one. Both 
are short and broad, with feeble indications of divisions at their fore 

pas t. They succeed each other at intervals much shorter than that be¬ 
tween the right and left pair. 

“The median groove is well defined and slopes down more steeply 
at its sides than towards the bottom, at some parts of the track. I con¬ 
clude from these characters that the animal which left the track was a 
quadruped, with the hind-feet larger and wider apart than the tore■ feet; 
with both hind and fore-feet very short, or impeded by some other part 
of the animal’s structure from making any but short steps ; that the fore 
and hind limbs were near each other, but that the limbs of the right and 
those of the left side were wide apart: consequently, that the animal 
had a short but broad trunk, supported on limbs either short or capable 

only ot short steps; and that its feet were rounded and stumpy, with¬ 
out long claws. 

“As to ;he median impression, that may be due either to a thick 
heavy tail, or to the under surface of the trunk, dragged along the 
ground. The shape of the body and the nature of the iimbs, indicated 
by the above-described characters of the steps, accord best with those 
of the land or freshwater tortoises, and the median groove might have 
been scooped out by the bard surface of a prominent plastron. 

‘ The disproportion in the size of the fore and hind-feet is such as 
we find in some existing Terrapenes, e. g., the Etnys geographical 


Tl 


III. Zoology. 

On the Classification of the Cancroidea : by James I). Dal . I 
,e Cancroidea (or Crustacea Cyclometopa), like the Maioidea, are 
characterized by having, (1) the branchite 9 in number, 7 of which 

io so as to form the exterior of the branchial pyramid ; (2) the efferent 
passage from the branchial cavity passing over the lateral portions of the 
ate ; (3) the male genital orifices situated in the base of the posterior 
e gs and covered by the abdomen ; (3) the male abdomen not narrower 
at base than the corresponding part of the sternum ; (4) the buccal 
area subquadrate, and the 4th joint of the outer maxillipeds articulated 
" 11 h *he 3d by its inner angle. The Telphusidte have these characters, 
« may be considered true Cancroidea, though approximating to the 
•rapsoidea in the large vacant space in the branchial cavity, and having 
S °~? Peculiarities in the branchiae fitting them for freshwater life. 

Ihe Corystes group also partake of the Cancroid character; yet they 
li^^ 1. it, in the large outer antennae more or less hairy, and 
th 'h tJllS re8 P ect a °d in form, they approach the Hippo group, and 
Thp ^ ve a much lower position in the series than the Cancroidea. 
“y have no true relation in the character of the buccal area and 
erent canal to the Leucosia group. 

ital • J= enera Acanthocyclus and Corystoides (of Lucas) have the 
cr ? ri ^ ce8 ’ sternum and abdomen, and outer maxillipeds of the Can- 
a ea a °d Corystoidea ; but the bronchi® (in Acanthocyclus at least) 
“ C0ND Bkeim, VoL XII, No. 34.—July, 1851. 16 


effe 


gen 


122 


Scientijic Intelligence 


% 


* 

4 



are less numerous, as in the Grapsoidea. The outer antennre are obso- 
lete, and the inner in Corystoides have no fossettes. I hey are there¬ 
fore genera of low grade, at the foot of the Cancroidea, and approach 
closely in rank to the Corystoidea. 

Our grand divisions of the Cancroidea are hence, 

1. Cancrinea, or Cancroidea Typica. 

2. Telphusinea or Cancroidea Grapsidica. 

3. Cyclinea, or Cancroidea Corystidica. 

The character of the efferent passage or canal, separating the Leu- 
eosoid Crustacea or Oxystomata, is the most striking among the 
Brachyura. While, in all other species, this passage passes over the 
outer portions of the palate or prielabial area, in these, it passes over 
the medial portions, and terminates at the middle of the front margin of 
the buccal area which is therefore elongated, giving the area a triangu¬ 
late outline : the character of this passage and not the form of the area 
is the important character of the Leucosoidea. The inner branch of the 
1st pair of maxillipeds is modified to correspond, as it covers (more 
or less perfectly) in this and all the Brachyura the efferent passage. 

The efferent passage, which affords the striking character alluded to, 
has its different degrees of perfection among the Cancroidea. In a 
large number of genera, the waters wash over the palate without any 
confining ridge: but in others there is a distinct ridge, running longi¬ 
tudinally, near the middle of either lateral half of the palate, and 
terminating at the front margin of the buccal area. 'I bis ridge is 
prominent in Eriphia, Ruppellia, Ozius, Pilumnoides, Melia (as the 
writer has observed) and some other genera, and is also distinct in 
Piluonnus. It is wanting in Cancer, Xantho, and the allied, or if a 
trace is to be observed, (as in Menippe Rumphii and some other spe¬ 
cies,) it does not reach to the front margin of the buccal area. We 
have in 1 his character, therefore, an important distinction separating 
the non-natatory Cancrinea into two groups, the Cancridse and the 
Eriphidse. Mere breadth of carapax alone is of very little value as a 
Characteristic: Xantho passes by its allied genera into species but 
little broader than long, and so with Chlorodius. 

Among the swimming species, a large part, as detected by De Haan, 
have a small lobe attached to the inner margin of the inner branch of 
the 1st maxillipeds: while others, as Platyonychus and the allied have 
no such lobe and approximate somewhat to the Corystoidea, although 
not properly, as we think, of that gronp. 

The species of Lupa and Thalamita have a ridge upon the palate 
either side bounding the efferent passage; but there is one exception 
in Lupa eribraria , which species consequently must pertain to a dis¬ 
tinct group from the other Lupas. 

In these brief remarks on the classification of the Cancroidea, "C 
leave much to be gathered from the following synopsis. But a few 
words should be offered on the genera of De Haan and Edwards; 
partly because the two are to some extent in conflict, and partly be¬ 
cause several of those of De Haan are of unessential importance. 
The publication of the first fascicle of De Haan’s Crustacea of the 
Fauna Japonica in 1833, preceded Eduards by a year, but the descrip¬ 
tions of his genera were so concise and imperfect that it was not possi¬ 
ble for any one to have recognized them all. 


f * 
m 


o 


Zoology, 


123 




K 



Ruppellia of Edwards, and Eudora of De Haan, have the same 
typical species. But De Haan neglected to observe in the type 
important peculiarity of the orbit, (its being wholly closed within so as 
to exclude the base of the outer antennre, a peculiarity found in no 
Brachyura except a few of the Eriphidte,) and hence his genus includes, 
according to his own use of it, some Xanthoid species. The two names 
are by no means synonyms; and adopting the group os laid down by- 
Edwards, we are forced to adopt his generic name. Modifications to 
some extent may be made in accepted genera, and this we have at¬ 
tempted in some instances below, but not the complete perversion that 
would happen by giving De Haan’s name to Edwards’s genus. 

De Haan has not recognized the distinction between the pointed and 
spoon-shape figures as a generic characteristic, and this makes some 
difficulty in substituting his names for those of Edwards, where the 
groups are otherwise similar. This characteristic was first employed 
by Leach and subsequently by Edwards. The genera of the two kinds 
often graduate into one another: but the parallel relation between the 
series is best shown by retaining them apart in separate subfamilies. 
Between our Xanthinse and Chlorodinne there is nearly a perfect paral¬ 
lelism. De Haan’s species of the genus Xantho are in part Chlorodii. 

De Haan has multiplied much the genera of swimming Crabs, by 
subdividing Lupa and Thalamita. This hns nartlv arisen from an un- 


This 

warranted reliance for the characteristic on the form of the 3d joint of 
the outer maxillipeds, as well as on that of the inner branch of the 1st 

maxillipeds. 

In a former paper it was observed that the 3d joint of the outer max- 

illipeds may undergo great variations it; proportion in the same genus. 

This is well illustrated among the Portu nidge. Am phi trite of De Haan 

(a subdivision of Lupa) is described as having this joint short and ob - 

hque. But in species of true Amphitrite, it varies from this form to a 

form unusually oblong. Again he makes NeptUnus and Achelous 

differ from Amphitrite in having this joint more oblong, the reverse of 

which is actually the fact among many of the species examined by the 

writer. So Thalamita is characterized by having this same joint 

short, when in fact it is sometimes longer than broad. The form 

in one species (T. integra, D .) scarcely differs in relative length or 

^l w from that of 1, upa dicantha. Again Oceanus (Thalamita 

crucifer a of Edwards) is said to have the inner branch of the 1st max- 

i Iipeds three-Iobed, and Thalamita , as having the inner margin uni- 

entate. The latter has the inner lobe as in Oceanus, ami this makes 

! e ° ne tooth ; the margin outside of this lobe or tooth, is straight at top 

in some species (T, crassimana and crenata), but excavate in others, 

becoming even deep and angulate in Tlu integra , a species very near 

a metus in form and general characters. There is thus a gradual 

transition to the form in Oceanus. Such variations in this margin are 

therefore unimportant, as many other cases illustrate. 

^rand divisions are named after the larger to which they ap* 

much 


profit, 
the Cancridre, are the 


, O - — - - me I1UIIIVU U'iv.1 •— ■ c 

Proximate. This plan might be carried farther with 
U* Xi iong the five families of Cancrinea 
' Bnc . ri7ICa Typica ; the Eriphidse, are the Cancrinea Grnpsidica , for in 
he ridges of the palate as well as form they approximate to Grapsus : 


124 


Scientific Intelligence. 

the Portunidae, are the Cancrinea Typica Natatoria; the Platyonychidae, 
the Cancrinea Corystidica Natatoria; the Podopthalmidse, the Can¬ 
crinea Grapsidica Natatoria. Again, among the subfamilies of Can- 
crida?, the Cancrin®, are the Cancridce Corystidica; the Xanthiose 
and Chlorodinse, the Cancridce Typicce. 

The following is a synopsis of the known genera of Cancroidea.— 

Legio I. CANCRINEA, vel CANCROIDEA TYPICA. 

Fan. I. CANCRIDjE. 

Pedes postici gressorii. Ramus maxillipedis lmi internus simplex. 
Palatum (vel area prselabiata) colliculo ad marginem anticum producto 
non divisum. Cura pax saepius late transversus, interdum angustus. 

1. CANCRINiE. —Antennae internee plus minusve longitudinales. Frons 
interorbitalis perangustus. i >igiti acuminati. 

G. 1. Cancer,* * * § Leach. — Pars antennae extern® mobilis hiatu or¬ 
bit® omnino exclusa. Carapax latissimus. 

G. 2. Pirimela, Leach. —Pars antenn® extern® mobilis hiatu or* 
bitEE non exclusa. 1 'arapax perangustus. 

2. XANTHINiE. —Antennse internee plus minusve transversee. An¬ 
tenna} externee basi firme infixes, parte mobili hiatu orbit® non ex¬ 
clusa. Frons interorbitalis latior. Digiti acuminati. 

1. Regio caropacis poslica convexa. Orhita hiatu exlerno non 

interrupt a. 

G. 1. Atergatis, De Haan.t —Margo antero-lateralis postero-lat- 
erali iongior. Pedes 8 postici compressi, cristati. 

G. 2. Carpilius, Leach , De Haan. —Margo antero-lateralis pos- 
tero-laterali Iongior. Frons saepissirne bene 4-lobatus. Ramus 
maxillipedis lmi internus lobato-furcatus. Pedes 8 postici nudi, 
subcylindrici, non cristati. 

G. 8. Liomeha, Dana.$ —Frons leviter 2-lobatus aut rectiusculus. 

Margo antero-lateralis postero-laterali non brevior. Ramus max¬ 
illipedis lmi internus non lobatus. Pedes 8 postici nudi, sub¬ 
cylindrici, non cristati. 

G. 4. Liagora, De Haan.(\ —Margo antero-lateralis postero-late¬ 
rali brevior. Frons leviter 2-lobatus aut rectiusculus. Pedes 
nudi, tarsis except is. Ramus maxillipedis lmi internus non 

lobatus. 


* Platycarcinut, Milne Edwards Crust, i, 412. 

f Faun. Japon. 17.— Cancer of Edwards, Crust, i, 372 ; and Platypodia of Bell, 
ZooL Trans, i, 335, 1835. 

\ Includes Carp i us mnethnor< us of White, Crust. Voy. Samaran^, 37, pJL 7, f. 4. 
The lnbato-furcate form of the inner branch of the 1st pair of maxillipeds in Carp 1 * 
lius maculatus and the allied, is so peculiar, as shown by De Haan, that it must b® 
admitted as a generic distinction. The true Carpilii have a strongly 4-lobed margi 
to the front, though the front is sometimes so bent downward that the lobes are 
seen in a vertical view, though distinct in a front view. 

§ Faun. Japon. 19. , ,, • 














Zoology. 


125 


a. 


2. Regio carapads post ica transversim non convexa- 

Caxapax versus margines frontulem autero-lateralemque curvatim declivis. 


Haan 


Margo postero-lateralis brevis, 


ssepius concavus. Orbita hiatu externo non interrupta. 

o. Carapax versus margines froutalem antero-lateralemque parce declivis. 


a Orbita hiatu externo non interrupta . 

G. 6. Xantho, Leach .—Margo antero-lateralis postero-laterali lon- 
gior. Articulus antenn® extern® lmus oblonnus, frontem bene 
attingens, ariiculo sequente e apicis medio articuli lmi orto. 

G. 7. Euxanthits, Dana.—Xantho forma similis: articulus an¬ 
tennas extern® lmus hiatum ad summum implens, articulo se¬ 
quente e latere excavato apicis orto. 

G. 8. Paraxanthus, Lucas.+—Xantho forma similis: articulus 
antennae extern® lmus abbreviatus processum frontis oblongum 
attingens tantum. Abdomen marts 5-articuiatum. 

G. 9. Menippe, De Haan .$—Margo antero-lateralis postero-lat¬ 
erali brevior. Articulus antenn® extern® brevis nec frontem 
nec frontis processum attingens. Abdomen maris 7-articulatum. 


3 Orbita hiatu externo interrupta, infra Integra. 

G. 10. PanopjEus, Edwards ,—Margo antero-lateralis tenuis, pos¬ 
tero-laterali s®pius brevior, ad orbit® angulum externum directus. 




infra extusq 


ue tribus dent thus instruct a t uno externo , duobus infer to rihue. 


G. 11. Med^us, Dana. —Angustus, paulo transversus, [nudus,] 
fronte sat brevi. Margo antero-lateralis sub orbita productus. 
Abdomen maris 5-articulutum, segmento ultimo brevi. Pedes 
antici crassi, iis Xanthi similes. 

G. 12. Halijmede, De HaanA —Angustus, parce transversus, [vil- 
losus,] fronte breviore. Abdomen maris 7-articulatum, seg¬ 
mento ultimo valde elongato. Pedes antici crassi, iis Xanlhi 
similes.—An Pilumnis propinquior r 


3. CHLORODIN/E.—Antenn® intern® transvers®. Antenn® extern® 

basi tirme infix®, parte mobili hiatu orbit® raro exclusa. Frons 
mterorbitalis latior. Digiti instar cochlearis excavati.—Quoad genera, 
Xantbin® et Chlorodin® ferme parallel®. 


* Faun. Japon. 18. 

T Crust. D’Orb. S. Am., 18. We see no sufficient character for sustaining this 
genus, excepting the short basal joint of the outer antennae. 

$ Faun. Jap. 21.— Pseudoearcinus of Edward . Grust i, 407 .—Pel ecus, Eydoux and 
^ ouliyet, \ ov. ile ia Bonite. Pi a* * *** avnia&us is the nanu* given a Sandwich 
land species figured in the plates of the Bonite, but not yet de scribed. 

| Faun, Japon. 35. Our Medceus has nearly the outline of Halimede, but is na- 

arif i v '- r , v deeply areolar* . fr is a Xantho ill Dtiftfiy ill its characters, though 

yarrow, and having the orbit below deeply divided. On this account, I have intro- 
uced Halimede, which resembles our genus in form, in this place, not having had 

*** °Pportunity to study its characters from specimens. 


















126 


Scientific Intelligence. 

1. Hiatus orbila interims processu basis antenna externa occupatus , 

articulum 2d am occludens. 

G. 1. Etisus, Leach * 

2. Hiatus orbila inter miff basi antenna externa occupatus , articulo 

2do non occluso. 

1. Regio carapaeis postiea convexa. 

G. 2. Carpilodes, Dana. —Carapax latus, nudus, margine antero- 
laterali crasse rotundato. Pedes 8 postici subcylindrici, nudi. 
Liomera habitu similis. 

G. 3. Zozymus, Leach.i —Carapax mediocriter latus, margine 
antero-laterali tenui. Pedes 8 poslici valde compressi, cristati 
aut subcristati. Alergali habitu similis. 

2. Regio carapaeis postiea fere plana. 

■a. Carapax versus margines frantalem antero-lateralemque curvatim declivis. 

G. 4. Actxodes, Dana. t—P edes 8 postici non cristati. Actaa 
aspectu similis. Articulus maxillipedis externi 3tius apicem vix 
excavatus. 

G. 5. Da'i'ra, De Haan .§—Pedes 8 postici non cristati. Articulus 
maxillipedis externi 3tius apice valde emarginatus. 

b. Carapax versus margines frontalem antero-lateralemque vix declivis. 

G. 6. Chlorodius, Leach. ||—Carapax plus minusve transversus 
Articulus antenme externa) lmus oblongus fronlem bene attin- 
gens. Articulus maxillipedis externi 3tius subrectangulatus. 
Xantho aspectu; similis. 

G. 7. Pilodius, Dana .—Carapax paulo transversus. Articulus 
ante rinse extern® abbreviatus, processum frontis oblongum at- 
tingens tanium. Paraxanlho aspectu similis. 

G. 8. Cyclodius, Dana .—Carapax parce transversus. Articulus 
antenna? externre oblongus frontem bene attingens. Articulus 
maxillipedis externi 3tius triangulatus, latere interiore brevissimo. 

G. 9. Cymo, De Haan.]} —Carapax non transversus, fere orbicu- 
latus, disciformis. Antennis Chlorodio affinis. 


* Part of the species (the typical) have the arm long projecting, and a broad 
hum somewhat like Cancer. Another part, quite different in habit, have a short 
arm as in Aetneodes, and graduate into Acta.* ■ les. The latter may well be named 
Etjsodes. 

f Zozymus ot Leach and jEffle of De Haan have the same species as type, the 
Z. asnt \ and De Haan makes the cristate character of the 8 posterior legs a generi 
char rer. We follow him in this respect, though adding the character dependent 
on the spoon-shape of the fingers, as done by Leach. 

X Include h Zoztftnus tomentosus and the allied, in which the 8 posterior legs are 
not cristate. The species are closely like Acta&e except in the fingers. 

£ Faun. Japon. 18 ; Lagostoma , Edwards, Crust, i, 386. 

( Oh rrodiu* of IK* Haan (F. Jap. 13) of subsequent date, is synonymous with 
Atelecydus of Leach* 

% Faun. Japon. 22. 

















cftf Zoology. 1.27 

* 'A t * 

4. POLY DECTIKLE.—Antennae interna? transversre. Antenna? ex- 
tei 1 a? basi solutae, iibera?.—An Pilumnis propinquior? 

G. Polydectus, Edw .*—Orbita dentibus tribus infra inslructa. 

Manus elongata, digitis prcelongis, attenuatis, uncinatis, curn den* 
us tenuiter spinuliformibus saepe armatis. 

Fam. II. ERIPfJIDAS. 

Pedibus maxi lipedeque Imo Cancridis affinis. Palatum colliculo 

usque ad marginem anticum producto utrinque divisum. Carapax 
« 

saepius an gust us, interdum latus, latitudine ante*mediaua snepissime ma* 
jore, oculis remotis. 

1. CETHRINiE. — Carapax transversus, lateribus valde dilalatus et 
r ‘ • 1 latus. Antennae internae fere longitudina es. 

C mm O 

»■ 1. CEthra, Leach . 

2. OZIN/E.—Carapax plus minusve transversus. Digiti acuminati. 
Antennre internae transversce. Orbita hiatu interno basi antennae oc- 
eupato instructa. Abdomen maris 7-articulatum. 

1. Arliculus antenna: externa 1 mus frontem bene attingens. 

G. 1. Galene, De Haan.i —Carapax transversus, longitudinaliter 
multo convexus, amice declivis.—An Potamia propinquior? 

G. 2. Ozius, Leach. —Carapax transversus, latus, fere planus. 

2, Articulus antenna externa 1 mus frontem non attingens. 

G. 3. Psexjdozius, Dana.\ —Carapax transversus, fere planus, 
latior, margine antero-laterali breviore. 

G. 4. Pilumxus, Leach. —Carapax angustus, parce transversus, 
s&pius convexus, margine antero*laterali breviore. 

G. 5. Pilumnoides, Edw . et Lucas .§—Carapax angustus, parce 
transversus, valde convexus, margine antero-laterali longiore, 
bene arcuato, super carapacem postice incurvato. 


This genus is very peculiar in the hand: both fingers are long styliform and 
xer J slender, with incurved apices, and hardly touching except at tips and when don¬ 
ate the teeth are delicate spines on the inner margin ; moreover, the part of the hand 
anterior to the fingers is quite short, A species collected by the writer is closely 
like the P. eupuli/er in most of its cbaractei The form of the hand is very unlike 
cinvthinor among other Cancroidea; and Halinede which has been supposed to be 


Polydectus, has (like Medreus) the ordinary form, like that in Xar 
he genus Ipkicutui of White (Crust, Voy. Samarang, 57, pi. 13, f. 5), 


Xantho. 

! . w -- -- -_ -,, has the gene¬ 

ral cliaracters of our Polydectus—the same villous coat, similar fingers, even to the 
spiniforra dentation of the fingers, and other resemblan*v-; and we suspect although 
a ^.° a< ^ er species, that his 1, spongiosus is a true Polus. 

re specimen of the Polydectus, from which a description with a colored draw- 
T^K taken by me while it was living, is not now found in our collections, and 
_ ave not therefore been able to ascertain the character of the pnelabial plate and 

uiyself whether the species are related to the Eriphid® or not. It is very 
the true place is after Ozina?. 

I ~l aun « dapon. 19 . 

X Aear Pseudocarcinus, from which it differs in the ridge on the pnelabial plate, 

fell as in its flatter form. 

9 Crust. D'Orb. S. Am. 21. 














128 


Scientific Intelligence. 


G, 6. Melia, Latr. —Carapax subquadratus, fere planus, fronte 
lato, oculis versus angulos insitis. Pedes toti graciles. Basis 
antenna? externa; cylindricus. 

An genus sequens hie pertinet ? 

Acanthodes, De Haan *—Carapax angustus, Pilumno forma 

ailinis, spinis grandibus antice annatus. Pedes spinosi.—Species 

Acanthodes annatus Haanii magnitudine portentosus. 

3. ACTUMNINiE.—OrbitA Ozinis similis. Digiti instar cochlearis 
excavati. 

G. Actumnus, Dana A —Carapax paulo transversus, valde con- 
vexus. antiee iateraliterque curvatim declivis. Articulus antenna? 
extern® iraus processum i’rontis attingens tantum. 

4. ERIPHINA2.—Orbita infra bene clausa, hiatu interno carens, artic- 
ulo antenna? e orbita omnino excluso. Carapax sive paulo transver¬ 
sus sive subquadratus. 

G. 1. Ruppellia, Edw .—Carapax latior. Antenna? pars mobilis 
extern® orbita paululum remota. Articulus maxillipedis externi 
3tius paulo transversus. 

G. 2. Eriphia, Latr .—Carapax angustus, convexus, fronte ssepius 

valde declivi. Antenna? pars mobilis extern® orbita longe re¬ 
mota. Articulus maxillipedis externi 3tius paulo transversus. 

G. 3. Dom£cius, Souleyet.\—Ruppellice forma antennisque ex¬ 
terms atiinis. Articulus maxillipedis externi 3tius valde trans¬ 
versus, brevissimus, epistomam tegens. 

G. 4. Trapezia, Latr .—Carapax subquadratus, planus, glaber, 
fronte horizontalis, leviter 6-8-dentatus, aut sinuosus, lateribus 
longitudinals. Tarsi non unguiculati, minute spinulosi. Brach- 
ium ultra carapacem longe exsertum. 

G. 5. Tetralia, Dana.§ — Carapax aspectu Trapezia affinis. Frons 
horizontalis, rectiusculus, subtilissime denticulatus. Tarsi bre- 
viter unguiculati. Bracbium ultra carapacem paulo exsertum. 

G. 6. Q ciADRELLA, Dana . —Carapax subquadratus, paulo convexus, 
lands, fronte horizontalis, 6-spinoso-dentatus. Tarsi unguiculati. 
Brachium ultra carapacem longe exsertum. 


Fam. III. PORTUNIDiE. 

Pedes postici natatorii, tarso laminato. Ramus maxillipedis I not 
internus lobo interno instructus. Palatum colliculo utrinque ssepissime 
divisum. Corpus sive latum sive angustum, oculis sat brevibus. 


* Faun, Japon. 20. 

t Vaj near Actsea, but the pnelabial plate or palate is strongly divided bv a 
ridge either side. Besides, the form is much narrower and more convex than in the 
Actaeae, being subglobose above, 

X Voy. of the Bonite ; gift#, u Voy. au Pole Sue!/' under D’Urville, in the Astro¬ 
labe and Z41£e, plate 6, tiir*. 3*7, by Hoznbron and-Jacquinot* 

“ This Journal. f Sl xi. 223. 




















Zoology. 


129 


1. LIJPIN/E.—Sutura sterni 
colliculi prominentes. 


mediana segmenta 


tria intersecans. Palati 


1. Pars antennai externa mobilis hialu orbita non occlusa , orbita 

jacendo aptata. 

G. 1. Scylla, De Haan .*—Valde latus et crassus, marginibus 
anterioribus simul sumtis bene arcuatus, antero-laterali lonsiore 

' o 

qua m postero-lateralis. Pedes antici breviores, crassissimi, manu 
valde tumida, non angulata vel pristnaiica. 

G X ^ P 

. Lcpa, Leach.i —Valde latus, marginibus anterioribus totis 

simul sumtis bene arcuatus. Manus elongate trigona aut pris- 
niatica, costata. 

G. 3. Amphitrite, De Haan,\ Dana. —Angustior. Margines fron¬ 
talis antero-lateralisque angulo convenientes, antero-laterali raro 
breviore quam postero-lateralis. Manus elongata, prismmtica. 
Basis antenn® extern® crassus, i iatn orbit® parce angustior. 

G. 4. Carupa, Dana. —Transversus. Margines frontalis antero- 
lateralisque angulo convenientes, fronte recto, emarginato. Basis 
antenn® extern® subcylindricus, hiatu orbit® multo angustior. 


2. Pars antenna externa mobilis hiatu orbita omnino per basis proces - 

sum occlusa , orbita plus minusve remota. 

G. 5. 'i halamita, Latr —Latus. Frons dimidio latitudinis cara- 
pacis longior; margo antero-lateralis longitudinalis. Articulus 
antenn® extern® lmus pr®longus, 2dus orbita remolissimus. 
Pedes antici longi, manu elongata. 

G. 6. Charybdis, De Haan, Dana.§ —Angustior. Frons dimidio 
latitudinis carapacis brevior; margo antero-lateralis obliquus. 
Articulus antenn® extern® lmus paulo oblongus, 2dus orbita 
uulo remotus. Pedes antici ongi, manu elongata. 

G. 7. Lissocakcinus, White. |]—Suborbiculatus, l®vis, subporcel- 

* * IV ® 

lanus, Articulus antennce externae lmus brevis, fere longitudi¬ 
nalis, articulo sequente orbita parce remoto. Pedes nudi; antici 
breves, brachio ultra carapacem vix saliente, manu perbrevi. 

2. ARENiEINiE.—Sutura sterni mediana segmenta tria intersecans. 
Palatum colliculo utrinque non divisum. Ramus maxillipedis lmi 
f rnus ad apicem late transversim triangulatus lineamque media- 

nam fere attingens. 


# Faun. Japon. 11 . 

ti ’ 1 Pant us and Achelous of De Haan, (Faun. Japon., 8, 9,) the distine- 

°? s between which genera appear not to be sustained. 

. t Japon. 8. Includes, as here adopted, the Lupa of De Haan, which di- 
ys>ou he restricts to the Lupa forceps (Edw. Crust, i, 456). The Lupocych* of 

a11 d W hite, (Crust, Yoy. Samarang, 47, pL 12, f. 4,) appears to be identical 
Amphitrite. 

? 1 U 11 a Japon. 10. Includes both Charybdis and Occanns of De Haan, which 

shade into one another by imperceptible gradations, and are not distin- 
Kij* hy any imiK>rtant characters, Correeponds to the “ Thalainites Hexago- 

“ales of Edwards. 

c n V °y- Samarang, 45. We have taken the geueric characters from a species 

u ’ ccte « by us, in connection with the description by White. 

Second Series, Vol. XI, No. SI.—July, 1851. 


17 









<► 9 ^ 


* I 

#>* 


130 


Scientific Intelligence. 


G. Arenjeus, Dana.—Lupce affinis. 
arcuatus. Pars antenrue externae 
Manus prismatica.* 


Carapax valde latus, antice 
mobilis hiatu orbitse insita. 


3. PORTUNINiE.—Sutura sterni mediana segmenta duo intersecans. 
Colliculi palaii ssepius obsoleti. 

G. Portdnos, Fair. —Augustus, margine antero-laterali breviore 

quam postero-Iateralis. 

Fam. IV. PLATYONYCHID.E. 


Pedes postici natatorii, tarso laminato. Ramus maxillipedis Imi m- 
ternus lobo interne non instructus. Palatum colliculo utrinque non divi- 
sum. Corpus angustum. 

G. 1. Carcinus, Leach. t—Pedes postici male natatorii, tarso an- 
guste lanceolato. larapax parce transversus. 

G. 2. Portumnus, Leach .—Pedes 5ti natatorii tantum, tarso lan¬ 
ceolato, acuto. 11 arapax non latior quam longior. 

G. 3. Platyonychus, Latr .\—Pedes 5ti natatorii tantum, tarso 
lato, elliptico. Carapax latior quam longior. 

G. 4. 'olybius, Leach .—Pedes 2di, 3tii, 4ti, 5ti toti natatorii, 
tarsis late lanceolatis. 


Fam. V. PODOPHTH AL MID.E. 

Pedes postici natatorii, tarso laminato. Ramus maxillipedis lmi 
internus lobo interno instructus. Corpus latum, antice valde transver- 
sum, orbitis ocuiisque longissimis. 

G. Podophthalmus, Lamarck. 

1 .Edo II. TELPHUSIINEA, vei, CANCROIDEA 

GRAPSIDICA. . 

Fam. I. TELPHUSID^E. 

Carapax subquadratus aut orbiculato-quadratus. Palatum colliculo 
utrinque sjepius divisum. [Species iCriphiis paulo affines.] 

G. 1. Telphusa, Lair. —Articulus maxillipedis externi 3tius sub¬ 
quadratus, 2dus oblongus. Carapax subquadratus. 

G. 2. Trichodactylus, Lair .—Articulus maxillipedis externi 
3tius subtriangulatus, 2dus oblonsus. 

D 1 C 


* TIus genus is instituted for the Lupa eribraria, which differs from the other 
Lupas in the diameters stai L This species occurs in the shallow waters off a sand 

f Xaiva of M’Leaj (Smiths Blast Zooi& Afriai) is described as near Carcinus- 
The narrow form is the same; the antero lateral margin 1-dentate and shorter than 
the poetero-latvral; the tarsus of the 5th pair of legs wider than in Carcinus ; the 
td joint of the outer ruaxillip</<h sulxjuadrate arul carinate at base, with the man 
margin emarginated for the next joint just above its middle, a form which occurs m 
Platyonychus. 

\ Ankopm of Do Haan, Faun. Japon. 


















,JV 


Zoology. 


131 


1 '• 3. \aldivia, White *—Articulus maxillipedis externi 2dus 
brevior quam latior, 3lius iongior quam lalior. 

G. 4. Potamia, Lair. — Articulus maxillipedis externi 3tius apice 
subtriangulatus anguloque apicali 4tum gerens. Palatum colli- 
culo utrinque bene partitum. 

An hie pertinet genus Galene Haanii if 





Legio III. CYCLINEA, tel CANCROIDEA CORYSTIDICA. 

Pedibus rnaxillipedeque lino Cancridis affinis. i’alatum colliculo 
* 

utrinque non divisum. Antennae externae obsolete. Carapax angustus, 
s iiiur j;culatus. Branchiae numero septem. 

G. I. Acanthocyclus, Lucas .t — Carapax orbiculatus. Pedes Ion- 
gitudine medioeres, larso uncinato. 

G. 2. Corystoides, LucasA —Carapax oblongus, ellipticus- Pe- 
’les !ongiores, tarso styliforini, longo. Antennae internae fossis 
carentes. 


It is from 


2, Additional note to the Remarks on the Classification of the 
Maioulea; by James D. Dana.|| —The following genus by Kroyerfl 
should be added to the synopsis given in the last number of this Journal. 
It appears to belong to the subfamily Inachinae, and is classed near 
Inachus by its author. The species on which the genus is founded is the 

Cancer p ha tang ium of Fabricius, Faun. Groenl. n. 214, and his Cancer 
Opilio in Det danske Vid. Selsk. Skr. nye Sami. lit* 180. 

Greenland. Kroyer gives the following generic characters :— 

Chioncecetes. —Cephalothorax depressus, subtriangularis, eadem 
fere longitudine ac latitudine, antice truncatus, fronte lata rostroque ho¬ 
rizontal!, bifido, brevissimo. Pedes 2di paris duplicem cephalothoracis 
Iongitudin e in superantes, triplicem vero non attingentes; pedes lmi paris 
'-'dis tertiisque breviores, cephalothorace vero longiores (inlerdum du- 
I' Iq ); chelis acuminatis, falcatis; pedes 2di, 3fii\ 4 tique paris com- 
pressi , 5ti paris subcylindrici. 3iius pedum maxillarium externoruin 
articulus fere quadratus eadem p<ene longitudine ac latitudine; 4tus 

articulus angulo interno lertii adnexus: oculi crassi, in orbitam retrac- 

tiles; .... 

■# 

f Jomen 
and 


pars antennarum externarum termuialis mobilis brevissima. Ab. 
sex constat articulis. — The name Chioncecetes is from nix, 
, incola. 


'“XlfT? 


Atm. an«l Mag. Nat. Hist., xx, (1847,) 206. 
t oee page 127, where it is placed with the Ozin®. The 

rV mroPA ns I.* _• _ ^ .a * x . : i r ±1 


^ ^ ». o- - J ” V U) JPUfVVU fv --- -- 

r J targe, as in Potamia, and contains outside of the branchiae a large open 

^hell of a specimen from the Sandwich Ids. closely like the G , natalen 
let* , luss * has the appearance of a fresh-water or land species, the texture being 

ji aiaroous tlian in must marine speries. the qiecunen was not c«>ll*'ctt*d hy 

v>n\7 m V ' aml its exact habitat is not known. Krausss species occurred under stones 

* r* s **t the mouth of a river in South Alrica. 

-rust. D Orbign. S. Am. 29, pi. 15, 

Qrnst. I > i >rbivn. S. Ain. 31, pi. 16. 

\ ;umc* of tins Journal, p. 425. % TkUkrift, ii, 219* 














