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SENSIBILIS. 


E-VGL. 6, 


ONOCLEA 


ene NS: 
BRITISH AND EXOTIC. 


Ver UM Ee + VI. 
CONTAINING 


ONOCLEA. 

FA DY EN TA. 

Cave Io. Fell LS 
Berea MOG He Ey Ab NAY 
ASPIDIUM, In part. 


BY 


HK. J. LOWE, ESQ., FRS., FRAS., FGS., FLS., FZS., FMS., 


Hon. Mem. Dublin Nat. Hist. Soc., Mem. Geolog. Soc., Edin., Corr. Mem. Lyceum 
Nat. His, Newe¥ork, Corr..Mem. Manchester Lig. apg Phil, Soc., ete. 
OF ig 0.8 8% Ore OF tS O10) ere Sue OM ats ss 
cote 0 cee e? Oe e2° © © 99° 20 


LONDON: 
GEORGE BELL & SONS, YORK STREET, COVENT GARDEN. 


M DCCC LXXII, 
ct 


oo 


3 
< 


CONTENTS 


Onoclea sensibilis 
Fadyenia prolifera 
Cyclopeltis semicordata . ili 
Didymochlena truncatula iv 
Aspidium acrostichoides xix 


aculeatum 
acuminatum 
angulare 
articulatum 
augescens 
Canariense 
capense . 
cicutarium . 
coadunatum . 
coniifolium 
coriaceum 
cristatum 
decompositum 
decurrens . 
dilatatum - 
elongatum . 
falcatum 
falcinellum . 
filix-mas 


Plate. 


i 
pelt 


xvi 
xi 


. XX1U, XXIV 


xlix 

x 

xlii 
xl 

xlv 

] 
SXKLX 
XXXV1 
xx 
XXXili 
Vi 
XXVli 
XXV1 
1x 
Vili 
xiii, xlv 


Page. 


ORS VOb VE 

Plate. Page. 

Aspidium frondosum . xliii 113 
glabellum Xxxli 93 
Goldianum . Xxvili 83 
Hookeri . xlviii 123 
lonchitis . quae &Xito Go 
macrophyllum . xlvi 119 
marginale . : vi 27 
molle . : Poo Bel 
mucronatum . xxxiB 91 
oreopteris .xvli 53 
podophyllum xxxiv, xxxv 97 
proliferum est Bi, 
pteroides . mos Xtiyeel 15 
pubescens. 0.42 oy 3 
pumilum ., : xv 47 
pungens . ; . vii 31 
rigidum . F xxl 63 
spinulosum . «  xit 109 
thelypteroides . xxxia 89 
thelypteris Xvlii 55 
trifoliatum . xxix 85 
unitum xlvii 121 
vestitum »Xxxvili 103 
villosum . xxxvil 101 


‘PUPS Sore ie! 
av sage ee ‘ 


zs ane ag 


ak ak etal 


: = ae | 


FERNS: 


BRITISH AND EXOTIC. 


ASPIDIEA. J. Smrrz. 


In many instances the only difference between Polypodiew 
and Aspidiew is confined to the former having no indusium, 
whilst the latter is furnished with an indusium; this, however, 
is sometimes very small, and at others so soon detached from 
the sori, that fronds must be examined, the one with a 
microscope and the other at an early stage, in order that the 
difference from Polypodiee may be detected. 

Mr. Smith remarks that there are above two hundred described 
species of Aspidtew. 

Aspidiew is distinguished from <Asplentew mostly by having 
circular instead of lateral sori, and when the sori are lateral they 
are attached across the venule, instead of longitudinally in the 
direction of the venules as in Aspleniew. 

Sori circular, with one or two exceptions, where oblong. They 
are intramarginal, and have a special zndustwm, which is either 
orbicular, produced from the centre, (central,) or reniform or 
cucullate, produced from the interior side of the sporangiferous 
receptacle, and including the sporangia, (calyciform.) 

Mostly moderate-sized Ierns. 

VOL. VI. B 


wo 


ASPIDIE. 


Mr. Smith, in his Catalogue of the Ferns of Kew, divides 
the cultivated species into the following families:— 


1.—Hypoderris, one species. 
2.—<Asplenium, seven species. 
3.—Onoclea, one species. 
4.—Cyclodium, one species. 
5.—Fadyenia, one species. 
6.—Nephrodium, seven species. 
7.—Woodsia, four species. 
8.—Cystopteris, five species. 
J.—Lastrea, twenty-nine species. 
10.—Polystichum, fourteen species. 
11.—Cyclopeltis, one species. 
12.—Nephrolepis, seven species. 
13.—Didymochlena, one species. 
14.—Arthropteris, two species. 
15.—Oleandra, two species. 


Kunze, in his “Index Filicum,” collects most of the above 
under the head Aspidium, preferring to give them in sections; 
he only recognises Nephrodium, Lastrea, Polystichum, Bathmium, 
and Sagenta as groups in Aspidium, whilst Cyclopeltis, Fadyenia, 
Nephrolepis, Oleandra, Cystopteris, Didymochlcna, etc., he 
separates from Aspidium, yet his Catalogue of the tribe 
Aspidium numbers above one hundred species. 


Moore and Houlston, in their “Genera and Species of 
Cultivated Ferns,” divide Aspidiew as follows:— 


1.— Hypoderris, one species. 
2.—Aspidium, two species. 
3.—Sagenia, four species. 
4.—Onoclea, one species. 

0.— Cyrtomium, one species. 
6.—Fadyenia, one species. 
7.—Nephrodium, six species. 
8.— Woodsia, four species. 
9.—Cystopteris, seven species. 
10.—Lastrea, thirty-one species. 
11.—Polystichum, fifteen species. 
12.—Cyclopeltis, one species. 


wis) 


ASPIDIE. 


13.—Didymochlena, one species. 
14.— Nephrolepis, seven species. 
15.—Oleandra, two species. 


’ 


Fee, in his “Genres de la Famille des Polypodiacées,’ 
enumerates many more species. He does not place them all 
under Aspidiee, but groups them under three heads, Cyclodiee, 
Aspidiee and Nephrolepidee. 


Ist. In Cyclodiee he arranges the following :— 


1.—Polystichum, forty-six species. 
2.—Phanerophlebia, two species. 
3.—Hemicardion, four species. 
4.— Amblia, one species. 
5.—Cyclodium, three species. 
6.—Cyrtomium, two species. 
7.—Podopeltis, one species. 
8.—Bathmium, ten species. 


2nd. In Aspidiee the following :— 


1.—Aspidium, about seventy species. 
2.—Cystopteris, fourteen species. 
3.—Lepidonevron, twelve species. 
4.—Dichasium, two species. 
5.—Oleandra, twelve species. 
6.—Nephrodium, about forty species. 
7.— Haplodictyon, two species. 
8.—Abacopteris, five species. 

9.— Pleocnemia, three species. 
10.—Sagenia, seven species. 
11.—Phlebtogonium, one species. 
12.—Cardiochlena, eleven species. 
13.—Fadyenia, one species. 


3rd. In Nephrolepidee, the following :— 


1.—Nephrolepis, seven species. 
2.—Pteronevron, one species. 
3.—Saccaloma, three species. 
4.—Pachypleuria, five species. 
5.—Humata, two species. 


Thus Fee enumerates above two hundred and fifty species, 


4 ASPIDIE®. 


yet many of these have not hitherto been cultivated in this 
country, and others are placed by different authors in other 
families. 


Presl, in his “Tantamen Pteridographie,”’ places under 


Aspidiacee the following :— 


1.—Lastrea, seventy-seven species. 
2.—Oleandra, four species. 
.—Nephrolepis, twenty-four species. 
4.—Nephrodium, fifty species. 
5.—Polystichum, fifty species. 
6.—Phanerophlebia, one species. 
7.—Cyclodium, three species. 
8.—Cyrtomium, two species. 
9.—Sagemia, six species. 
10.—Aspidium, eleven species. 
11.—Didymochlena, one species. 


iso) 


In all about two hundred species. 


ONOCLEA., 2) 


GENUS I. 
ONOCLEA. Linnaus. 


Barren and fertile fronds different. The fertile fronds being 
contracted, the segments rugose, sessile, bacciform, somewhat 
oblong; margin conniving, fimbriate, and membranous, forming 
a universal indusium. 

Sori circular, confluent; each segment consisting of from four 
to eight. Spore-cases medial, with concrete pedicels. Special 
indusium very membranous, lateral and cucullate. Fronds 
pinnate and bipinnate; length, from one to two feet. 

Rhizoma creeping. 

Fertile veins simple, direct, and free. Sterile veins reticulated. 

The pinnules of the fertile fronds roll up so as to completely 
hide the sori. 

Two species alone are described, and only one is in cultivation, 
although both have been said to be introduced. 

The name is derived from the Greek, and refers to the 
manner of the folding-up of the fertile segments. 


ar, 
LG, 


TZ L444; 


Portion of pinna of barren Frond. 


ONOCLEA SENSIBILIS. 


LINNEUS. SmitH. Moore AND Houston. KUNZE. 
Link. ScHkuwr. Kavbruss. PRresL. FEE. SPRENGEL. 


PLATE I. VOL. VI. 


Onoclea obtusiloba, Link. 
4 obtusilobata, ScukKUHR. 
Rhagiopteris obtusiloba, 


Onoclea—To close a vessel; (from the Greek.) Sensibilis—Sensitive. 


A NOBLE species long known to Fern growers, and a very 
desirable addition to our hardy fernery, being exceedingly 
distinct from all others. Michaux, Sprengel, and other botanists 
have described two species, the second under the name of 
Onoclea obtusiloba. It seems doubtful whether there are really 
two species, situation probably causing the difference in the 
size and form of the frond. ‘Thespecimens which I have seen 
as O. obtusiloba have all eventually put on the characters of 
O. sensibilis when grown side by side. 

A hardy deciduous species. 


8 ONOCLEA SENSIBILIS. 


Native of North America, Florida, and the variety O. obtuscloba 
in Pennsylvania. 

Was known in England as early as 1699, and at Kew in 
1793. 

Barren and fertile fronds different. 

Barren fronds triangular in form, glabrous, pinnate; the pinne 
oblong-lanceolate in form, sinuately pinnatifid, the superior ones 
being decurrent at the base. Segment oblong-obtuse; margin 
entire. 

Fertile frond contracted, not quite as long as the barren frond, 
bipinnate; pinnules rugose, sessile, consisting of from twelve to 
twenty on each pinna. The contractions of the segments form 
a unilateral raceme, oblong, ovate, and bacciform, concealing the 
sori. 

Fronds lateral, adhering to a creeping rhizoma. Length from 
one to two feet; colour pale green. 

Veins of fertile fronds simple, direct, and free; in the barren 
frond reticulated. 

For plants of this species I am indebted to Sir Oswald Mosley, 
Bart., of Rolleston Hall. 

It may be procured of Messrs. Rollisson, of Tooting; Sim, 
of Foot’s Cray; Kennedy, of Covent Garden; Masters, of 
Canterbury; Veitch, Jun., of Chelsea; A. Henderson, of Pine- 
apple Place; Cutbush, of Highgate; Young, of Taunton; Bass 
and Brown, Sudbury; Stansfield, of Todmorden; and Cooling, 
of Derby. 

The illustrations are barren and fertile fronds from a plant 
in my own collection. 


FADYENIA. 


GENUS IL 


FADYEN AS Hooker. 


Benes green ifor ray transversely Paterial® formed on the 


‘ portion of a veinlet in the costal areoles. 


« 


m exceedingly large, lateral and oblong-reniform. 


itary species, of eu habit. — 


vor. ari, 


oi 


wok 


vi 


FADYENIA PROLIFERA 
|]—VOL. 6. 


Fertile Frond, under side. 


FADYENIA PROLIFERA. 


Hooker. BaAver. SMITH. 
— KUNZE. 


PLATE II. 


Aspidium proliferum, 


Asplenium proliferum, 
Polystichum (?) Grevillianum, 


- Fadyenia—Of Fadyen. 


Moore AND HOoUuLSTON. 
FEE. 


VOL. VI. 


Hooker AND GREVILLE, not 
Brown or Kav.LrFuss. 

SWARTZ. 

PRESL. 


Prolifera—Proliferous. 


12 FADYENIA PROLIFERA. 


A MoRE singular than beautiful Fern, requiring moisture and 
shade to grow successfully. It is a difficult species to manage, 
although when it does flourish it spreads itself in all direc- 
tions, from the rooting of the proliferous apices of the barren 
fronds. 

A stove evergreen species. 

Native of Jamaica and the Island of Cuba. 

It was introduced into the Royal Gardens, Kew, in the year 
1842, having been sent there by Mr. W. Purdie. 

Fertile frond simple, glabrous, upright, lanceolate in form, 
narrowing towards the base; apex broad and rounded. 

Barren frond horizontal, oblong-ovate, elongate, tapering to 
the apex, where it is proliferous. 

Fronds terminal, adherent to a small tufted rhizoma. 

Sori large, reniform, near the apex imbricate. 

Indusium hairy; margin somewhat dentate. 

Length of barren frond five inches, fertile frond four inches; 
colour dull green. 

For plants my thanks are due to Mr. J. Henderson, of 
Wentworth; and to Messrs. Booth, of Hamburg. 

Plants may be procured of Messrs. Sim, of Foot’s Cray; 
Rollisson, of Tooting; Kennedy, of Covent Garden; Masters, 
of Canterbury; Booth, of Hamburg; Veitch, Jun., of Chelsea; 
Stansfield, of Todmorden; Cutbush, of Highgate; and A. 
Henderson, of Pine-apple Place. 

The illustration is from fronds forwarded by Mr. J. Henderson, 
of Wentworth. 


; Ca ert et Peek ae tho hace 
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. CYCLOPELTIS. = 13 


Ciaitioes Lil. 


CYCLOPELTIS. J. Sirs. 


cys Frowps Dette: glabrous, and articulated with the rachis. 
a if Veins dichotomously branched; venules direct, free, the 
anterior and exterior one of each fascicle soriferous. 

Pia ks ‘Sori circular, biserial, medial or terminal. 

il Indusium orbicular and peltate. 

i ‘solitary species. 


The name, denied from the -Greek, has reference to the 


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CYCLOPELTIS SEMICORDATA, 
[}I—Vou. 6. 


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Pinna of mature Frond, under side. 


CYCLOPELTIS SEMICORDATA. 


J. SMITH. Moore AND HOULSTON. 


BATH elite eV. Ou.) V1. 


Aspidium semicordatum, Swartz. PiLumier. SPRENGEL. 
Lastrea semicordata, PRESL. 
Phanerophiebia nephrolepis, FEE. 
Polypodium caducum, HUMBOLDT. (?) 
Cyclopeltts—A small round buckler. Semicordata—Semicordate. 


AN interesting yet uncommon cultivated species, only to be 
met with in large collections. 

An evergreen stove Fern. 

Native of the American Meridian, the West Indies, Mexico, 
Jamaica, and the Philippine Islands. | 

Introduced into the Royal Gardens, Kew, in 1844, having 
been received from Mr. N. Wilson. 

Fronds lanceolate, pinnate, the pinne being glabrous, falcate- 
lanceolate, sessile; from four to five inches in length; irregularly 
auriculate at the base, and articulated with the rachis. 

Fronds terminal, adherent to a short, stout, somewhat tufted 
rhizoma, which is scaly. 

Rachis pubescent. 

Sori circular, medial, biserial. Indusium peltate. 

Length of frond from two to three feet; colour bright shining 
green. 


CYCLOPELTIS SEMICORDATA, 


For a plant of this species I am indebted to Mr. J . Henderson, 7 


of Wentworth. 
+ It sisanot 1 any of the ‘Nurserymen’s GAC Ce 
The illustration is from a portion of a frond forwarded by 


Mr. Te ee of ear 


a 


es 


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+. 


he. 


DIDYMOCHLAENA. Li 


GENUS. SLY. 


DIDYMOCHLAENA. Desvavx. 


Fronps bipinnate. Caudex erect and arborescent, attaining a 
height of above two feet, and bearing from its crown large 
fronds, from three to five feet in length. 

Veins forked and radiating; venules direct, free, the exterior 
one fertile. | 

Sori elliptical, uniserial, and situated on the apex of a venule. 

Indusium oblong, attached along the centre longitudinally. 

A solitary Exotic species. 

Named from the Greek, in reference to the indusium being 


double. 


VOL. VI. D 


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Portion of mature Frond, under side. 


DIDYMOCHLANA TRUNCATULA. 


J. Smiru. Moore anp Hovutston. Scnott, MS. 


PLATE 


Didymochlena sinuosa, 


66 66 


¥e squamata, 
- pulcherrima, 
oss lunulata, 
Aspidium truncatulum, 

e squamatum, 

s cultratum, 

ri pulcherrimum, 

2 squamosum, 

x truncatum, 

+ lunulatum, 


Adiantum lunulatum, 


“« fruticosum, 


EV Pav Ole VES 


Desvaux. Kavuiruss. Sprencen. LINK. 
Prest. Fes. Martens. Scuort, MS. 
DEsvaAvUx. 

Or GARDENS. 

Desvaux. KUNZE. 

Swartz. 

WILLDENOW. 

PRESL. 

Or GARDENS. 

WILLDENOW. 

WILLDENOW, 

Hovuttvuyn. 

Hourrvuyy, (not of BurMan, SrRENGEL, 
Wittpenow, Prest, Swartz, Moor 
& Hovuustoyn, Hooker & GREVILLE, 
Wattuicnu, Fer, Rerzius, 0v REED.) 

ARRAB. 


Asplenium ramosum, PorReEt, 
Tegularia adiantifolia, REINWARDT. 
Diplazium pulcherrimun, Ravpt. 
Didymochlena—A. double cloak. Truncatula—.....scceve P 


A CHARMING Exotic species, with somewhat pendulous, hand- 


some, dark green fronds. 


An evergreen stove Fern. 
Native of Asia, tropics of America, South America, West 


ed ASPIDIUM. 


the others anastomosing angularly, and forming on their exterior 
sides or angular junctions excurrent fertile free veinlets. 

Sporangia medial. 

Sori circular, transversely-multiserial, abundant. 

Indusium orbicular, central. 

Fronds pinnate. 

Distinguished from Polystichum in the anastomosing venules. 
Habit and texture very similar to Polystichum. 

The venation of Cyrtomium and the position of its sori is 
neatly similar to the sections Gontophlebium and Cyrtophlebium 
in Polypodium. Distinguished by having an indusium. 


NEPHRODIUM. Scuort. 


VEINS pinnate, costeform, the lowest pair or pairs of venules 
fertile, and angularly anastomosing; their points of meeting 
combined by an excurrent anastomosing sterile veinlet. 

Sporangia medial. 

Sori circular, a row on either side of the veins. 

Indusium mostly reniform, rarely orbicular. 

Fronds simple or pinnate; pinne entire, serrate, or sinuously- 
pinnatifid. 

Distinguished by the anastomosing venules. 

Nephrodium in venation is similar to the section G'onvopteris 
in Polypodium, and only distinguished by having an indusium. 


LASTREA. Bory. 


VEINS pinnate, forked, or costeform; venules direct and free. 

Sporangia medial or terminal. 

Sori circular. 

Indusium lateral, reniform, smooth, or pilose. 

Fronds varying from pinnate to decompound. 

Only distinguished from the true form of Polypodium by the 
presence of an indusium, being similar in habit and venation. 
Those with bipinnatifid fronds only distinguishable from 
Nephrodium by not having anastomosing venules. 


POLYSTICHUM. Roru. 


Vutns pinnately-forked; venules direct and free, the lower 
exterior one or more, fertile. 


ASPIDIUM. os 


Sporangia usually medial, rarely terminal. 

Sori circular. 

Indusium orbicular and central, seldom eccentric and reniform. 

Fronds simple, pinnate, or bitripinnate; the serrate edges 
of the frond rigidly spinulose. 


Distinguished from Lastrea by the rigid spinulose habit. 
Aspidium, Sagenia, Cyrtomium, Nephrodium, Lastrea and 
_Polystichum run into each other so closely, that it seems 
advisable to follow Kunze in calling them mere sections of 
one genus. Were I to separate any of them, it would be 
done with regard to the habit of the plant alone, and in this 
case I would place Cyrtomium among the Polystichums. In 
the more restricted form of Asprdium the habit and general 
appearance is also distinct from Lastrea, still I have adopted 
the views of Kunze and retained it. 

Onoclea, with its two forms of fronds; Fadyenia, with its 
two forms of fronds and proliferous habit; Woodsia, a group 
of small slender Ferns, with peculiar indusium. ‘The genus 
Cystopterts, another group of small delicate Ferns ; Didymoch- 
lena, with its several very distinct characters, hereafter to be 
mentioned; Nephrolepis, with its distinct habit, and having the 
petiole articulated with the rachis, giving it a power of throwing 
off its pinne freely; and Oleandra; are all to me sufficiently 
distinct to keep them separated from the genus Aspidium. 

We have British examples of both Lastrea and Polystichum. 

In Lastrea we have:— 


Cristata Oreopteris Thelypteris 
Filix-mas Rigida Multiflora 
Recurva Spinulosa Dilatata 


In Polystichum we have:— 


Aculeatum Angulare Lonchitis 


Aspidium filix-mas, A. aculeatum, and A. angulare vary so 
much from spores, that it is difficult to recognise the departure 
from the normal form as mere varieties; however, these will be 
more closely spoken of when describing the species. 


© ryt omelet 3 os ee 


WEN 5 a ee 
' eae) hey Py 


- riya 


J sebare Se 


Ly 


ASPIDIUM ODECURRENS. ee . 


y—VOL. 6. 
< : 4 ae. 


“l ite 


4 


. 


5} 
3 iitered Weecnhiwhs fiz 
pit ta): 35291 eiat.a rare 
¢ oar Gard. to yes by ot ae 
vanres | 
; et SA the 


WL) 


hoy at Qardu ul Pas) ‘Hew 


Meee au shape, 
ake ge jobied, apes a 
ra Lire ane Paice ay 


vated inkcaed 
bese St ive" rs 


Pinna of mature Frond, under side. 


ASPIDIUM DECURRENS. 


LOWE. 


RuATEH Vil VOL. Vie 


Aspidium decursive-pinnatum, KUNZE. 

Lastrea decurrens, J. Smita. Moore & Hovutston. 
“  decursive-pinnata, Or GARDENS. 

Polypodium decursive-pinnatum, Or GaRDENS, 

Phegopteris decursive-pinnatum, FEx. 


Aspidium—The Shield Fern. Decurrens—Decurrent. 


In THE SEcTION LASTREA OF AUTHORS. 


A FRETTY, rather dwarf, upright-growing Fern. 

Mostly considered greenhouse or half hardy, and deciduous. 
Plants exposed to last year’s frost have not been injured; it 
may therefore be said to be hardy. 

Native of China. 

Received at the Royal Gardens, Kew, from Mr. D. Cameron, 
in the year 1841. 

Fronds lanceolate in shape, pinnate, pinne sessile, pinnatifid, 
decurrent and lobed, forming a sinuous wing to the rachis; 
lower ones entire and diminutive. ‘Terminal, adherent to a 
decumbent slightly-tufted rhizoma. 

Sori terminal, or subterminal; indusium small, and speedily 
becoming obsolete. 

Stipes and rachis paleaceous. 

VOL, VI. E 


26 ASPIDIUM DECURRENS. 


Equally well known in gardens as Lastrea decurrens and as 
L. decursive-pinnata. 

Length of frond twelve to fifteen inches; colour pale green. 

The scales of this Fern are interesting as microscopic objects; 
they are surrounded with spines having a knob at the apex, 
and are pellucid. 

For plants of this Fern [ am indebted to Mr. Henderson, 
of Wentworth; Messrs. Rollisson, of Tooting; and Masters, of 
Canterbury; and for fronds to Mr. Norman, of Hull, and 
Messrs. A. Henderson, of Pine-apple Place. 

It is in the Catalogues of Messrs. Sim, of Foot’s Cray; 
Kennedy, of Covent Garden; Masters, of Canterbury; Veitch, 
Jun., of Chelsea; Stansfield, of ‘Todmorden; Cooling, of Derby; 
Cutbush, of Highgate; and Young, of Taunton. 


The illustration is from a plant in my own collection. 


seas, —es owe eee 
SP eet GoM } Z 


ASPIDIUM MARGINALE. 


V|—Vou, 6. 


; : ‘ ; 4 ; y " ‘ , Y . 
F : 
x: ey ri : 
ve 
po acnase sera 
Aa ey melt ff. ; 
} 5 , i 4 oe 
j *: my 
Bei) 
Ware) inuee B oy 
4 TT ’ . 
ith io Mee A: 4 : ) 
Rade abide nf & oer: 
cg. pees hatte: Si a ae ‘ 
* . : ’ 
hyve 
i ickn,. with wee és ' : : 
ein By, EH li é 
ih . PR, / Le o A y : i 5 
| Aiaer one sein 3 
Re Reeat eet bite 
= te sg De tie si . 
Pas nies a a a 
¢ ebtoney. ROH ae - 
‘ 
*» 
7 s 


Ve KK WEA 
A ZN WA H\\ [ej OY WL 
UNV PR Leg Vy VR] 
% fy 
iV pec Ve == ae : 
4 é A) ae | A 


Portion of mature Frond, upper side, 


ASPIDIUM MARGINALE. 


Swartz. Kunze. LIinK. WILLDENOW. SPRENGEL. FEE. 


PUA OV Le | V Olea V Is 


Tiastrea marginalis, Pres~t. Moore & Hovtsron. Swmirtn. 
Nephrodium marginale, Micnavux. 
Polypodium marginale, LINNEUS. 

Aspidium—The Shield Fern. Marginalis. Margin-spored. 


In THE SecTion LASTREA OF AUTHORS. 


Aw attractive Fern, with sori arranged along the edge of the 
frond, covered with a pure white indusium. 

A deciduous hardy Fern. 

Native of North America—Canada and Carolina. 

Introduced into the Royal Gardens, Kew, in 1712. 

Fronds lanceolate, bipinnate, pinne oblong-acuminate in form, 
pinnules oblong-ovate, obtuse, crenate on the edge, and largest 
nearest the rachis. Fronds terminal, adherent to a tufted 
rhizoma, forming large crowns. 

Rachis and stipes paleaceous. 

Sori marginal. 

For plants of this species I am indebted to Mr. R. Sin, of 
Foot’s Cray ; and for fronds to Mr. Norman, of Hull. 


28 ASPIDIUM MARGINALE. 


It is in the Catalogues of Messrs. Sim, of Foot’s Cray; 


Rollisson, of Tooting; Kennedy, of Covent Garden; A. 


Henderson, of Pine-apple Place; Cutbush, of Highgate; and 
Young, of ‘Taunton. 


The illustration is from a plant in my own collection. 


ASPIDIUM FALCINELLUM, 
VIJ—VOL. 6. 


estlong: Ixucer tat et, es 


Pe 

= zx iJ 

ee 
ne 


Pinna of mature Frond, upper side. 


ASPIDIUM FALCINELLUM. 


SWARTZ. KUNZE. 


PALE Vibe eV Ay ie V Ls 


Aspidium auriculatum, Or Garpens. (Not of Swartz.) 
Polystichum falcinellum, Prest. Moore & Houuston, Siti. 
Aspidium—The Shield Fern. Falcinellum—Small sickle. 


In THE SEcTION PoLysTICHUM oF AUTHORS. 


One of the most attractive Ferns in the section Polystichum. 
The large bold sori, and the pretty and conspicuous indusium, 
place this Fern in high estimation among the growers of 
ornamental plants. 

An evergreen greenhouse Fern. 

From the Island of Madeira. 

Cultivated in the Royal Gardens, Kew, in 1820. 

Fronds oblong-lanceolate in form; pinnate, the pinne being 
linear-oblong, petiolate, acute; superior base auriculate, inferior 
base obliquely truncate, the edges of the frond doubly serrate. 
Fronds terminal; adherent to a fasciculate tufted rhizoma. 

Length from twelve to eighteen inches; colour bright green. 
_ For plants of this species I am indebted to Mr. R. Sim, of 
Foot’s Cray, Kent; and for fronds to Mr. R. Gray, of St. 
Thomas’, Exeter, and to Mr. Norman, of Hull. 


30 : ASPIDIUM FALCINELLUM. 


It is in the Catalogues of Messrs. A. Henderson, of Pine- 
apple Place; Rollisson, of ‘Tooting; Sim, of Foot’s Cray; and 
Veitch, Jun., of Chelsea. 


The illustration is from a plant in my own collection. 


LE 
—— 


SSS 


= 
SS. 


ASPIDIUM PUNGENS., 
VIJI-VoL. 6. 


Pinna of mature Frond, under side, 


ASPIDIUM PUNGENS. 


KAULFUSS. SPRENGEL. KuNzE. SCHLECHTENDAL. 
(Not WALLICH. ) 


PUATGS Vill. Yop I. 


Polystichum pungens, Presi. Moore ann Houston. 
. os J. Smitnu. Linx. Fer. 
Polypodium aculeatum, Tuunsere. (Not of Linnxvs.) 
Aspidium—TVhe Shield Fern. Pungens—Stinging. 


ANOTHER very fine Fern, in the section Polystichum, bearing 
a viviparous plant near the apex of the frond from the mid- 
stem; the vivid shining dark green of the frond contrasts 
greatly with most other Ferns. 

Native of the Cape of Good Hope. 

Introduced into the Royal Gardens, Kew, by Mr. James 
Bowie, in 1823. 

Fronds ovate-lanceolate in form; bipinnate, pinnules trapezio- 
oblong, sub-falcate; upper base auriculate, lower base truncate- 
cuneate, petiolate, profoundly serrate, with spinulose teeth on 
the edge of the pinnules. ‘Terminal, adherent to a_ short 
creeping rhizoma. 

Rachis and stipes scaly. 


52 ASPIDIUM PUNGENS. 


Length of frond from eighteen to twenty-four inches; colour 
light green. 

My obligations are due to Mr. Moore, of the Chelsea 
Botanic Gardens, and to Mr. Henderson, of Wentworth, for 
plants of this species. 

It is in the Catalogues of “Messrs. Kennedy, of Covent 
Garden; Stansfield, of Todmorden; Sim, of Foot’s Cray; 
Rollisson, of ‘Tooting; Cooling, of Derby; and Young, of 
Taunton. 

The illustration is from a plant in my own collection. 


FALCATUM. 


ASPIOIUM 


|Y—VoOL. 6. 


me Sawn) : cad 
? | : 7 ‘ ‘ 
i Lee #8 qanthir>. Pact unde te. 7. 


—"! ae res & ‘yee ‘a . ’ 2 ; 
SS 0S) ie Ue ae ee ee 7 | : 
} i r ‘ - ry ; ‘ 
r oy . * 7 
ae Aan 
ee >» Ss 
eT a a! : ( F 
d e o% carl 
es - Ben ‘ ve 
; % » 
. Bl 7 


* 

- \s : *) & a . 

" on Af ect aa ° ~ a =) & ae | ie ‘ i 

a * . Pia be ~ 

J w e sarin. “ff, ee «+. \ . aie 

ie - P ; ri ; ~ 
Bier - picdies. Pat aes ~ % i ‘ * 
“gore ce, > Ores ey . ; = 

ty ; . eee a ; ES 
a 243; mast ise flee’ Pore s Pefeaud aay > Ares a 
a," i. . vat , . 

i va ¥ br 


od - * 


pL OaN Vite Savtiow: Gyeriebs, ae Seen vee 


i 
we 
a a 


- 
ri 
B 
io 
i 
2 
» 
& 
+ 
/ 


‘. 7 P 
tiga Pe Rave i 4 5a e i; ¥ 2 ee ; r* ~ 


thes OR aa Reem RS rik MA EY orpgs. 


2 
ae 
; 


* 


at 


} 


et 


ee OO Sais ke wi ferak? Thaw idleeivsts). 


; 5 
all _ 
* oh waar 
< ot? me ir Dba ol! A a 


, - - o.* 


Portion of mature Frond, under side. 


ASPIDIUM FALCATUM. 


Swartz. Kunze. WILLDENOW. 


PLATE IX. VOL. VI. 


Cyrtomium falcatum, Prest. Moorr anp Hovutston. 
a $e SmitH. Linx. Fes. 
Polypodium falcatum, THUNBERG. Linnzus. PLUKENET. 
“ japonicum, Hovuttruyn, 
Aspidium—The Shield Fern. Falcatwm—Hooked. 


IN THE SECTION CyRTOMIUM OF AUTHORS. 


A very noble evergreen Fern with thick fronds of a dark green 
colour, approaching that of the Portugal Laurel; paler beneath, 
sori bold and pretty, being thickly scattered over the whole 
under surface of the frond. Easily grown, and freely propa- 
gating from spores, no one should be without this desirable 
Fern. | 

VOL. VI. E 


34 ASPIDIUM FALCATUM. 


An evergreen species, usually looked upon as a greenhouse 
or half-hardy Fern, yet last winter it lived out of doors with- 
out any protection; the fronds were cut with frost, but this 
spring the plants have put forth new fronds vigorously; 
consequently it is deciduous in this climate, yet quite hardy. 

The colour of the frond is richer and darker when grown 
in the open air. 

Raised at the Royal Gardens, Kew, in 1838. 

Native of Japan. 

Best known as the Cyrtomium falcatum. 

Fronds lanceolate in form; pinnate, the pinne being shining 
and coriaceous, ovate-acuminate, falcate, repand, slightly rounded 
at the base, margin somewhat crenate; petiolate. 

Rachis and stipes densely clothed with huge brown scales. 

Fronds terminal, adherent to an upright rhizoma. 

Sori scattered over the under surface of the frond; indusium 
orbicular. 

Length of frond from eighteen to thirty inches. 

My thanks are due to Mr. Henderson, of Wentworth, and 
to Mr. Clarke, Curator, of the Glasgow Botanic Gardens, for 
plants of this species; and to Mr. Norman, of Hull, and Mr. 
Clarke, of Glasgow, for fronds. 

It is in the Catalogues of Messrs. Veitch, Jun., of Chelsea; 
Masters, of Canterbury; Osborn, of Fulham; Kennedy, of 
Covent Garden; Cooling, of Derby; Sim, of Foot’s Cray; E. 
G. Henderson, of St. John’s Wood; A. Henderson, of Pine- 
apple Place; Veitch, of Exeter; and Stansfield, of Todmorden. 

The illustration is from a plant in my own collection. 


} 
ye 
| 
? 

a 


a 
ra 


ASPIDIUM AUCGESCENS, 
X-Vou. 6. 


LEGS, Wi LE, 
Wy Dy 


i UNTER « Ay) 
77 WN AS < Qe RR WRES 


WG, iy) all 
PALE: TERS 


Portion of mature Frond, under side. 


ASPIDIUM AUGESCENS. 


Link. Kunze. Fee. PEtIver. PLUMIER. SLOAN. 


PLATE: X./ “VOL. VI. 


Lastrea augescens, J. Hovtston. Moore. Smita. 
Nephrodium Ottonis, Or GARDENS. 
Aspidium Ottonianum, KUNZE. 
Lastrea serra, Or GARDENS. 
Aspidium serra, Or Scuort. 
Aspidium—The Shield Fern. AUQESCENS—.... 0.00000. ¢ 


In THE Sgcrion. LASTREA OF AUTHORS. 


ANOTHER ornamental Fern, with pale green fronds. 

An evergreen stove species. 

Native of Cuba, Venezuela, Caraccas, Mexico, and Caribbee. 

Fronds slender, semi-erect, broadly lanceolate in form, pubes- 
cent, pinnate, the pinne being linear-lanceolate, (very narrow 
for their length,) sessile, pinnatifid, the segments being rigid, 
small, oblong-obtuse, and largest nearest the rachis. Fronds 
lateral, adherent to a creeping rhizoma. 

Length from three to four feet; colour pale green. 

Sori medial, and often only partial. Indusium hairy. 

Best known as the Lastrea augescens. 

My thanks are due to Messrs. Veitch, of Exeter; Messrs. 


36 ASPIDIUM AUGESCENS. 


Veitch, Jun., of Chelsea; and to Messrs. Booth, of Hamburg, 
for plants of this species; and to Mr. J. Henderson, of Went- 
worth, and to Mr. Norman, of Hull, for fronds. 

It is contained in the Catalogues of Messrs. A. Henderson, 
of Pine-apple Place; Stansfield, of Todmorden; Veitch, of Exeter; 
Veitch, Jun., of Chelsea; Kennedy, of Covent Garden; Rollisson, 
of Tooting; Sim, of Foot’s Cray; and Cooling, of Derby. 

The illustration is from a plant in my own collection. 


ASPIDIUM ACUMINATUM, 
XI-—VOL. 6. 


Portion of mature Frond, under side. 


ASPIDIUM ACUMINATUM. 
WILLDENOW. 


PLATE di VOL. VI. 


Lastrea acuminata, J. Houtston. Moors. 
“ -Rileyana, Or GARDENS. 
Lepidonevron acuminatum, Fer. 
Aspidium—The Shield Fern. Acuminatum—Long-pointed. 


In THE SeEcTION LASTREA OF AUTHORS. 


A PRETTY dwarf evergreen Fern, yet from what country it 
is rather doubtful, probably Nepal. 

An evergreen warm greenhouse or stove species. 

Fronds glabrous, triangularly elongate, bipinnate; pinne being 
triangularly elongate-acuminate; pinnules oblong-ovate, except 
the lower ones, which are entire, and ina slight degree pinnatifid ; 
the upper pinules are decurrent at the base, and rigidly dentate. 

Fronds terminal, adherent to a slightly tufted rhizoma. 

Sori medial. 

Length of frond twelve to fifteen inches; colour a heavy green. 

For plants of this species I am indebted to Mr. Moore, of 


the Chelsea Botanic Gardens; and to Mr. J. Henderson, of 
Wentworth. 


38 ASPIDIUM ACUMINATUM. 


It is in the Catalogues of Messrs. Veitch, Jun., of Chelsea; 
R. Sim, of Foot’s Cray; and Rollisson, of Tooting. 
The illustration is from a plant in my own collection. 


bee ~ ies alease 


y os “ 
Y if + ‘3 
{ by 
bas : “~ 
x g 4 s > og 
; =A <4 
of 
SY we . { 


PROLIFERUM. 


ASPIDIUM 


XII—VoOL. 6. 


b, 
Te 


ISS roe Soe ee. 


Portion of mature Frond, under side. 


ASPIDIUM PROLIFERUM. 


R. Brown. Kunze, (not of Hooker AND GREVILLE.) 
KAULFUSS. SPRENGEL. 


PUABETATI VS VOLE Ie 


Polystichum proliferum, Prest. Moore anp Hovtston. 
ee Y J. Situ. 
Aspidium vestitum, WILLDENOW, (not of Swartz, 
SIEBER, ScHKUHR, nor FEE ) 
Polystichum stramineum, VEITCH’s, JUN., CATALOGUE. 
Aspidium—The Shield Fern. Proliferum—Proliferous. 


In tHE Secrion PotysticHumM oF AUTHORS. 


AGAIN it is requisite to remark “a handsome plant when well 
grown;” and also, like Aspidiwm pungens, viviparous near the 
apex of the frond. 

An evergreen warm greenhouse Fern. 

Nafive of Van Diemen’s Land, (Tasmania,) and New Holland. 

Received into the Royal Gardens, Kew, from Messrs. Osborn, 
in 1843. 

Fronds linear-lanceolate in form, bipinnate; pinnules petiolate, 
oblong-ovate, obtuse, sub-falcate ; superior base in a small degree 


auriculate; margin bluntly toothed. ‘Terminal, adherent to a 
thick tufted rhizoma. 


Rachis and stipes paleaceous. 


40) ; ASPIDIUM PROLIFERUM. 


Length from eighteen to twenty-four inches; colour dull green. 

My thanks are due to Mr. Moore, of the Chelsea Botanic 
Gardens, and to Mr. Henderson, of Wentworth, for plants of 
this species. 

It is in the Fern Catalogues of Messrs. A. Henderson, of 
Pine-apple Place; Sim, of Foot’s Cray; Kennedy, of Covent 
Garden; Veitch, Jun., of Chelsea; Stansfield, of Todmorden; 
E. Cooling, of Derby, and Young, of Taunton. 


The illustration is from a plant in my own collection. 


ip 
Ve 
Ne 
a 
; if 
by cae 
= 
- wr, SH 7 
Lb SRA yt! 
ge Ag ik\ 
ie y 
aise 
i 
ae 
if i ! 
We z ‘ i 
iy i 
ge 
4\ 
- 
A 


oo 
4 
\ 

a . 

] 

4 

~ 


‘~ 


ae ae rk 
y . 
zy 
A 


ASPIDIUM FILIX-MAS. 
X|||--VoL. 6. 


a | —— 
Rees Ly ry Pall 
nel. Ow Se) were 
: teal Vator ae i 
wae” Loe 
bs > 
' ee : ; 
a 
* 
oe we. 
* 
= A ; 2 
A 
i 
A ' 
i 
a7 
* = ry 
. 
i . 
‘ 
: . 
) y ra 
! , 
ig . 
a 
‘ 
ha, 4 
* 
- 
ba \ 
. f ; 
: 
A 
1 
7 - 
2 
~ 
a) 
i 
{ , ; 
i 
. 
' 
‘ 
’ 
‘ 
: - 
/ : 
eo! . 
i 4 "a 
, ' 
v, ° - 
* . 
> * 
, 
. 
+ 
z . 
> i 
; . 
\ : 
* 4 - 
i : —_— 
j 
t 
% 
fe 
» . 
¢ . - 
i 
i 
. 
i 
4 
? r y. 
. 
= a 
le 
‘ 
.. 
it . 
~ . 4 
. . - A. 
: 
i ‘ 
G 4 7 
i : , 
5 w 
ms : a 
ae d 
« ae, 
ab, ; 
o 
’ 
‘ e 
: ; : 
F aff re , 
f ) , ; A ; 
f * Pee Cp hes? ¥,e , , 
‘ e%, 7 ee é , 
a - 3 » ‘ ct 
: e rf 
A 
- ® 
A i 
‘ 
> 
‘ 
: 
. 
’ F , ; 
i 
. 
P # 
; 
; . * 


ASPIDIUM FILIX-MAS CGRISTATA 
X|V—VoL. 6. 


== RT 
Ree aN ae Hc 
ij Rees Ke) 
j NY es ex . 
~ 
ash RB WAS XS He 


Pinna of mature Frond, under side. 


ASPIDIUM FILIX-MAS. 


Swartz. SmitH. Scukunr. Hooker anp ARNOTT. MACKAY. 
Fer. WI.LLDENOW. SPRENGEL. Kunze. LINK. 


PLATES XIII AND XIV. VOL. VI. 


Lastrea Filiz-mas, Pres~t. Basineton. SowERBy. 
se He Moorz. Newman. 
“ erosa, Deakin. “The variety incisum.” 
“«  affinis, Moore. ‘s . is 
“  paleacea, Moors. “The variety paleaceum.” 
« — patentissima, PRESL. u 3 s 
Polystichum Filiu-mas, RotuH. Ds Canpo.e. 
af affine, Lepesour. “The variety incisum.” 
Polypodium Filiz-mas, Linnzvus. Bouton. 
cs nemorale, SALISBURY. 
ss Heleopteris, | BorknausEn. “The variety incisum.” 
Dryopteris Filiz-mas, Scuott. NEWMAN. 
“< — affinis, Newman. “The variety incisum.” 
% Borreri, NEWMAN. s « — naleaceum.” 
Lophodium Filix-mas, NEWMAN. 
erosum, Newman. “The variety incisum.” 
Aspidium nemorale, GRAY. 
Hs depastum, ScukKUuR. “The variety incisum.” 
* affine, FiscHer & MEYER. cs a 


VOL. Vi. G 


49 ASPIDIUM FILIX-MAS. 


Aspidium paleaceum, Don. “The var. paleaceum,” 
a patentissimum, WALLICH. is sé 
J Donianum, SPRENGEL. 2 ss 
4 Wallichianum, SPRENGEL. . < 
Nephrodium affine, Lowe. . a 


Dichasium patentissimum, Braun. Fer. i e 
Aspidium—The Shield Fern. Filiz-mas—Male Fern. 


In THE Secrion LASTREA OF AUTHORS. 


ALTHOUGH so common a species, still it is a noble Fern, and 
being hardy and easily grown in almost every situation, it is a 
favourite amongst cultivators of plants. 3 

It is to be found lining the sides of ditches, the margin of 
rivers and lakes, the edges of cliffs and crevices of rocks, be 
they moist or dry, no matter what their geological construction, 
becoming a principal undergrowth in many woods, and even 
growing where the salt waves of the sea can occasionally wash 
over them. Subject to great variety when raised from spores, 
and many of the varieties permanent, and some of them ex- 
ceedingly handsome. ‘The variety eristatum, of which a coloured 
illustration is given on Plate XIV., is a glorious object when 
well grown. Mr. Moore, in the “Nature-Printed Ferns,” has 
given an excellent description of the principal varieties, to which 
the reader is referred, as the limited space devoted to each 
species will not allow of a more than brief extract from Mr. 
Moore’s descriptions. ‘The varieties given are the following:— 

Lastrea Filiz-mas, Moorr. Varieties :— & 
1.—Paleacea, Moore. (Var. Borrert, Johnson, Newman; var. 
pseudo-mas, Wollaston.) Mr. Wollaston considers it a distinct 
species. It is by no means uncommon, and differs from the 
ordinary form of Flx-mas in having a somewhat yellow 
appearance, slightly glaucous beneath, stipes and rachis shaggy, 
scales golden brown, ribs and veins purple. 

2.—Multifida, Wollaston. Apex of frond, and of some of the 
pinne bifid or multifid. 

3.—Cristata, Moore. (Plate XIV.) This glorious variety has 
the apices of all the pinne beautifully and uniformly tasseled. 
The pinne are shorter, and narrow rapidly towards the tassel. 


ASPIDIUM FILIX-MAS. 43 


Found at Charleston, near St. Austell, in Cornwall. Somewhat 
similar plants have been found in Staffordshire and Devonshire. 

4.—Prolifera, Wollaston. Tasseled like cristata, but more 
crisped, depauperated, and laciniated. It also bears bulbils. 

5.—Dichotoma, Wollaston. Somewhat resembles multifida, but 
has not the golden scales of that variety. 

6.—Incisa, Moore. (Var. erosum, Hooker and Arnott, Ddll, 
Newman; var. affinis, Newman.) Upright in habit, larger than 
the normal form, common, distinctly bipinnate, and sori covering 
nearly the whole length of the pinnules. 

7.—Erosa, Wollaston. Laciniated, looking as if nibbled by 
insects. 

8.—Deorso-lobata, Moore. A common large Fern in the 
wncisa group. 

9.—Producta, Moore. Large, and somewhat analogous to 
tncisa; sori confined to the upper third of the frond. Found 
at Wrekin, in Shropshire, by the Rev. W. A. Leighton. 

10.—Triangularis, Moore. In the incisa group, somewhat 
resembling Lastrea cristata. Found in Kent by Dr. Allchin. 

11.—Polydactyla, Moore. Differs from cristata in the pinne 
not being shortened, and do not narrow much until quite close 
to the tasseled ends. Found at Bromsgrove, in Worcestershire, 
by Mr. B. Maund. 

12.—Abbreviata, Babington, Johnson, and Newman. Dwarf, 
glandular, and fragrant, with larger pinnules than in pumila. 
Sori mostly uniserial. Found at Snowdon, Ingleborough, Tees- 
dale, and Wyck, (Gloucestershire.) Lately I saw many plants 
on the hills to the east of Grasmere Lake. 

13.—Pumila, Moore. (Var. abbreviata of Moore, and recur- 
vum of Francis.) Somewhat similar to abbreviata. The points 
of the pinne and pinnules recurve, giving a concave appearance 
on the upper surface. A dwarf species, confined to North Wales 
and alpine districts. Mr. Wollaston considers it a distinct species, 
in which I perfectly agree, and have consequently figured it 
under the name of Aspidium pumilum. 

14.—Subintegra, Moore. Closely allied to adbbreviata and 
pumila. Abundant at Ennis, County Clare, Ireland, where it 
was found by the Rev. J. Baird. 

‘Che three last-mentioned varieties of Mr. Moore’s list appear 
to be different forms of the same Fern, and this a distinct 


44 ASPIDIUM FILIX-MAS. 


species from Aspidium Filix-mas. 'The dwarf permanent form 
and peculiar character of the sori render it very distinct from 
A, Filiz-mas, and I do not doubt that before very long it will 
be separated from that species by the universal consent of 
botanists, and at the same time the dwarf so-called form of 
Asplenium Filiz-feemina, known as the variety acuminatum, will 
also be raised to the honourable dignity of a species. Lately I 
have seen much of this latter Fern in the lake district of West- 
morland and Cumberland, mostly growing in alpine situations, yet 
having the normal form of Asplenium Filix-femina growing 
amongst it. Mostly it is the companion of Aspidium oreopteris. 
It is a common and widely-spread Fern in hilly districts. 

Turning to the normal form of Aspidium Filix-mas, the fronds 
are lanceolate, bipinnate, with linear pinne tapering to the apex; 
pinnules oblong-obtuse, with the margin serrate, crenate, or 
inciso-lobate. Caudex large, tufted, scaly, erect, or decumbent. 
Stipes short, stout, covered with scales. Rachis slightly covered 
with small scales. Pinne numerous. Veins branched. 

Sori numerous, distinct, roundish, reniform, medial. Indusium 
convex, persistent, reniform, margin entire, destitute of marginal 
glands. 

Length of frond usually from two to three feet, occasionally 
as much as six feet; colour deep green, smooth and bright. 

A deciduous hardy indigenous species, common throughout 
the whole of Europe. In Russian Asia, along the Altai and 
Himalaya from Kumaon through Nepal to Assam, in some 
parts of India, North Africa, Madeira, Mexico, Guatemala, 
New Granada, Ecuador, Brazil, Peru, and Caraccas. 

For plants of this Fern I am indebted for the variety paleacea 
to Mr. Sim, of Foot’s Cray; for the variety cristata to Mr. 
Wollaston, of Chiselhurst; Messrs. Rollisson, of Tooting; and 
Mr. Sim, of Foot’s Cray; for the variety erosa to Mr. Clapham, 
of Scarbro’; for the variety polydactyla to Mr. Stansfield, of 
Todmorden; and for fronds of cristata to Mr. Henderson, of 
Wentworth, and to Mr. Gray, of St. Thomas’, Exeter. 

The variety paleacea I have found abundant about Stockgill 
Force, Ambleside, and near Rydal Lake, and near Windermere, 
about Lowood. 

The variety deorso-lobata about Ambleside, and at Matlock 
and Wollaton. 


ASPIDIUM FILIX-MAS. : 45 


The variety ¢cisa at Wollaton. 

Several other varieties, more or less distinct from the normal 
form, were found about Ambleside, Grasmere, Rydal, Kendal, 
Penrith, Wyburn, and Brathay, in the lake districts of West- 
morland and Cumberland, at Morecambe Bay, Lancashire, and 
about the falls of the Calder and Snout, in Durham. 

The varieties bear the names as if they were the varieties 
of Lastrea instead of Aspidium; the gender has not been 
altered, as they represent varieties of the section Lastrea. 

The Male Fern is too common to need a record of the 
Nurserymen who keep it. The variety cristata can be pro- 
cured of W. Cutbush, of Highgate; paleacea and cristata of 
J. Young, of Taunton; the varieties incisa and cristata of Bass 
and Brown, of Sudbury; the variety cristata of Veitch, of 
Chelsea; crzstata of A. Henderson, of Pine-apple Place; the 
varieties ¢ncisa, cristata, paleacea, and crispa of R. Sim, of 
Foot’s Cray; the varieties cristata, erosa, incisa, paleacea, and 
polydactyla of A. Stansfield, of Todmorden; paleaeea and cristata 
of E. Cooling, of Derby; cristata of W. Rollisson, of Tooting ; 
meisa, erosa, and cristata of R. Kennedy, of Covent Garden. 

The variety cristata is so remarkably handsome that it has 
been deemed desirable to give a coloured illustration. These 
illustrations are from plants in my own collection. 


dé AG (3 Wy, ef) Ay 
TE 


: oe) 


Afi, 
D 


Variety Incisa. 


46 ASPIDIUM FILIX-MAS. 


‘3 


Variety Paleacea. 


i 


Aa! 
xs? 
+ 


e 
. 


™= 
'" ® « 


ASPIDIUM PUMILUM, 
XV—VoL. 6, 


sal 
Se NNR 


KS 
<X% 
" Ga 
MN 


Pinna of mature Frond, under side. 


ASPIDIUM PUMILUM. 


LOWE. 


PLATE XV. VOL. VI; 


Lastrea pumila, Moors. 
“ Filix-mas, var. abbreviata, Moorn. 
Aspidium Filiz-mas, var. recurvum, FRANCIS. 
e ee “ pumilum, OF GARDENS. 
Lastrea Filix-mas, var. abbreviata, Baxineton. “The v. abbreviatum.” 


6 6é 66 JOHNSON 6é 6 
44 abbreviata, Moore. sh = 
Polystichum abbreviatum, Dr Canpotte. “ : 
Lophodium abbreviatum, NEwMay. sf “ 
Doryopteris abbreviata, NEwMan. ¢ ¢ 
= Filie-mas, var. abbreviata, NEWMAN. oh u 
Lastrea Filiz-mas subintegra, Moorr. “The var. swhintegra 
of Moore.” 
Aspidium—The Shield Fern. Pumilum—Dwarf. 


In THE Section LasrrREA oF AUTHORS. 


AtTHoucH generally looked upon as a variety of Aspidium 
Filiz-mas, still its characters are very distinct, so much so as 
to induce me to figure it as a species. 

A hardy deciduous Fern, remaining green and fresh later in 
the year than A. Filiz-mas. 

An alpine species. 


48 ASPIDIUM PUMILUM. 


The normal form being found in North Wales, Snowdon, and 
Llyn Ogwen; the variety abbreviatum on Snowdon, on the 
hills of Westmorland and Cumberland, at Ingleborough, at Wyck, 
in Gloucestershire, and in Teesdale; and the variety subentegrum 
abundantly at Ennis, in County Clare, Ireland. 

A dwarf species. 

Fronds lanceolate, pinnate. The pinne blunt, rather deflexed, 
and pinnatifid. Pinnules small, oblong-obtuse, convex. Fronds 
glandular. The points of the pinne and pinnules recurving. 

Sori, a single sorus near the base of the pinnules, on the 
anterior side, forming a single row on either side of their rachis 
or midrib. 

Fronds fragrant. Indusium leaden in colour. Stipes two to 
three inches in length. 

Length of frond nine to twelve inches; colour dull green. 

The variety abbreviatum has larger pinnules, and is not so 
much recurved. Indusia as in A. pumilum, marginal with 
glands, and fragrant. The variety subintegrum is narrow and 
lance-shaped. 

For a plant of this species I am indebted to Mr. Pearson, of 
Chilwell. ; 

It is in the Catalogues of Mr. W. Cutbush, of Highgate; 
Pearson, of Chilwell; J. Young, of Taunton; Masters, of 
Canterbury; A. Henderson, of Pine-apple Place; R. Sim, of 
Foot’s Cray; A. Stansfield, of Todmorden; W. Rollisson, of 
Tooting; and R. Kennedy, of Covent Garden. 

The illustration is from a plant in my own collection. 


. ASPIDIUM ACULEATUM, 
XV |—VOL. 6. 


Pinna of mature Frond, under side. 


ASPIDIUM ACULEATUM. 


SwARTZ. SmitH. Hooker AND ARNOTT. WILLDENOW. 
SPRENGEL. SCHKUHR. KUNZE. 


PLATE XVI. VOL. VI. 


Polystichum aculeatum, Rotu. Deakin. Basineton, 
“ a SowErRBy. Newman. Moore. 
me ¥ Prest. Fre. Linx. Scuorr. 
be lobatum, Pres. Link. “The var. lobatum.” 
6 66 SowERBY. 66 66 
as aculeatum, NEWMAN. 
vw Plukenetiz,. Dr CaNDOLLE. “ < 
a aculeatum, var. 
lonchitidioides, DEAKIN. as = 
Mg aculeatum, var. lobatum, Dakin. = ae 
ig s s Moore. FExr. ss S 
Polypodium aculeatum, LInNzxUS. 
a lobatum, Hupson. “The var. lobatum.” 
Ls aculeatum, , Hupson. ee - 
oe Plukenetti, LoIsELEUR. » 
Aspidium lobatum, ScukuuR. Kunze. 
+ discretum, Don. 
af lobatum, Swartz. Smita. Var. lobatum. 
‘ . HooKkER AND ARNOTT. ee 
ss : WILLDENOW. ‘ ih 
s Mackay. ss ‘ 
2 * var. lonchitidioides, Hooker AnD ARNOTT. * 
a aculeatum, ScCHKUHR. if ok 
. Plukenetit, STEUDEL. 7 ie 


VOU. Vi. H 


50 ASPIDIUM ACULEATUM. 


Aspidium intermedium, SADLER. “The var. lobatum.” 
Ks munitum, SADLER. “ * 
a lentum, Don. 
AS ocellatum, W ALLICH. ss oh 
Aspidium—The Shield Fern. Aculeatum—Prickly. 


. IN THE SgEcTION PoLysTiIcHUM oF AUTHORS. 


A Most interesting species of handsome growth, and having 
brilliant shining fronds. Growing in shady situations. It is 
by no means an uncommon British plant, being found in 
almost every county of England, Scotland, and Ireland, and 
the Channel Islands, from the sea-level to two thousand feet 
elevation. | 

Common throughout the whole of Kurope, (except, perhaps, 
the countries of Greece and Turkey;) from Scandinavia to 
Spain. Russian Asia, British India, Algiers, Madeira, America, 
from Eastern United States to Columbia. 

An evergreen indigenous species. 

Caudex thick and tufted. Stipes short, three to four inches 
in length, densely scaly. Rachis stout and densely scaly. 

Fronds bipinnate, lanceolate, or broadly linear-lanceolate, 
rigid; pinne numerous, obliquely Janceolate, broadest at the 
base, acuminate, pinnate at the base, and sometimes nearly to 
the apex; pinnules somewhat elliptic, acute, and aristate at the 
apex, auriculate on the anterior side, and being acute and 
mucronate, aristate and subsessile, attached by the cuneate base, 
or decurrent. ‘The basal anterior pinna larger than the rest. 

Veins branched. Fructification mostly confined to the upper 
half of the frond. 

Sori circular, indusiate, eventually becoming confluent or 
crowded. Indusium membranaceous, orbicular, peltate, and 
umbilicate. ; 

Length of frond from one to three feet, rigid, leathery, smooth, 
and dark shining green above; paler beneath. 

There is a similarity between Aspidium aculeatum and the 
A. angulare, at least to those not well versed in Ferns; the 
former, however, is more rigid, upright, and stouter in its growth, 


ASPIDIUM ACULEATUM. ol 


has medial sori, and is evergreen; the latter is herbaceous, 
deciduous, and lax. 

The present species is subject to much variation. Mr. Moore 
describes five distinct varieties, namely :— 

1.—Lonchitidioides. Somewhat resembles A. lonchitis. 

2.—Lobatum. Has narrow lance-shaped fronds from one to 
two feet long, and sub-bipinnate. 

3.—Multifidum, Wollaston. Apex multifid. 

4.—Proliferum, Wollaston. Produces bulbils in axils of the 
lower pinne. 

5.—Argutum. Broadly lanceolate, the pinnules being narrow 
and elongate, terminate in an acute spiny point, and have long 
spines,to the marginal teeth. 

A. aculeatum is best known under the name of Polystichum 
aculeatum. 

Situation appears to exert great influence over this species, 
the common form growing near Beeston is very different to 
that at Chaigeley, Lancashire, or Rydal, Westmorland. 

The variety lonchitidioides | am indebted to Mr. Stansfield, 
of ‘Todmorden, for plants of; others I have gathered wild in 
Patterdale. A dwarf form is very abundant on a moist shady 
bank at Chaigeley Manor, Lancashire, and an intermediate variety 
almost connecting A. aculeatum with A. angulare I have received 
plants of from Sir Oswald Mosley, Bart., of Rolleston Hall, 
near Burton-on-Trent, in whose Fernery I have seen most of 
the varieties of A. aculeatum flourishing most luxuriantly. 

This common Fern can be procured of all the Nurserymen; 
the varieties lobatum and lobatum-incisum of W. Cutbush, of 
Highgate; lobatum of J. Young, of Taunton; lobatum of Veitch, 
of Chelsea; lobatum and lonchitidioides of K. G. Henderson, of 
St. John’s Wood; lobatum and proliferum of R. Sim, of Foot’s 
Cray; lobatum and lonchitidioides of A. Stansfield, of 'Todmor- 
den; lobatum and lobatum-incisum of W. Rollisson, of Tooting; 
and lobatum and lonchitidioides of KR. Kennedy, of Covent 
Garden. 


Lhe illustration is from a plant in my own collection. 


ASPIDIUM OREOPTERIS, 
XVI |--Vou. 6. 


| 


Portion of mature Frond, under side, 


ASPIDIUM OREOPTERIS. 


SWARTZ. SCHKUHR. SMITH. HooOKER AND ARNOTT. 
Mackay. WILLDENOW. SPRENGEL. 


PUATEYAVIl.s VOL. VI. 


Lastrea oreopteris, Prest. Baspineton. DEAKIN, 
: a Sowersy. Moors. Newman. 
a montana, ' Moore. NEWMAN. 
Aspidium odoriferum, GRAY. 
Polypodium oreopteris, EHRHART. SMITH. 
montanum, ‘VOGLER. 
3 thelypteris, Hupson. Botron. 
is fragrans, Hupson, not Linnxvus. 
wy pteroides, VILLARS. 
a limbospermum, ALLIONI. 
Polystichum montanum, Roru. 
z oreopteris, Dr CanpDo.ie. 
Hemestheum montanum, NEWMAN. 
Aspidium-—The Shield Fern. Oreopteris—Mountain Fern. 


In THE SeEcTION LASTREA OF AUTHORS. 


Tue Mountain Buckler Fern is an interesting species, found 
chiefly in damp mountainous places, yet also in bogs and marshes 
along with Aspidium cristatum. A widely-spread species, being 
exceedingly common in Scotland and the north of England. 


54 ASPIDIUM OREOPTERIS. 


In the lake districts of Westmorland and Cumberland it is very 
abundant. 

Extends over the whole of Europe. 

Fronds pinnate, lanceolate in form; pinne opposite, the basal 
ones obtusely triangular, about the centre of the frond linear- 
lanceolate. 

Veins forked, and bearing sori near the apices. 

Sorl moderate-sized, round, forming a sub-marginal series. 

Indusium small and thin. 

Length of frond from one to three feet. Colour brilliant 
green. 

The fronds of this species are fragrant. ; 

Mr. Moore, in the ‘‘ Nature-printed Ferns,” gives two varieties: 

Ist.— Truncata, Wollaston. Found near Tunbridge Wells by 
Mr. Wollaston. A monstrosity, having the apices of the frond 
and pinne ending abruptly. 

2nd.—Crispa, Moore. Found on the Clova Mountains by 
Dr. Balfour. ‘The pinnules are undulated. 

Plants of this Fern I have gathered wild at Oxton Bogs 
and Bulwell, Nottinghamshire; at Wincham, near Northwich, 
Cheshire; and about Ambleside and Grasmere. For other 
specimens I am indebted to Sir Oswald Mosley, Bart., of 
Rolleston Hall; and to Mr. Joseph Sidebotham, of Manchester. 

It is in the following Catalogues:—Messrs. Veitch, of Chelsea; 
Rollisson, of Tooting; Sim, of Foot’s Cray; Cutbush, of High- 
gate; Kennedy, of Covent Garden; Stansfield, of Todmorden; 
KE. G. Henderson, of St. John’s Wood; Cooling, of Derby; A. 
Henderson, of Pine-apple Place; and Young, of Taunton. 

The illustration is from a plant in my own collection. 


ASPIDIUM THELYPTERIS. 
XV IJ [—Vou. 6. 


ey : 
skeen Pia. Saet 
het: PPE gyt ae 


se 


* 4 i 
TUCa Rey EL ees 


a. Fomale Bricker Fe 


‘ 


Ha ices. 8 me 
aes -prcciagh thousi: . cripent 
x oY Rnd im a2 


Le WAVE we é 
ae BEd My vp yy 


a oh 4 WZ, 
\ ee MOSNAM) Sa ea AZZ. 
a Qt EER RRS 


Portion of mature Frond, under side. 


ASPIDIUM THELYPTERIS. 


SWARTZ. SMITH. Hooker AND ARNOTT. MACKAY. 
ScHKUHR. WILLDENOW. SPRENGEL. 


PLATE XVIII. VOL. VI. 


Lastrea thelypteris, Presi. Deakin. Basinoron. 
a Newman. Moore. Sowersy, 
Aspidium palustre, GRaY. 
Acrostichum thelypteris, Linnzus. Bo.ton, 
Polypodium thelypteris, LINNEUS. 
de palustre, SALISBURY. 
Polystichum thelypteris, Rota. 
: Nephrodium thelypteris, STREMPEL, 
Athyrium thelypteris, SPRENGEL. 
Hemestheum thelypteris, NewMAN. 
Dryopteris thelypteris, GRay. 
Thelypteris palustris, ScuHort, 


Aspidium—The Shield Fern. Thelypteris—Lady Fern, 
In THe Section LAstTrREA or AUTHORS. 


Tue Marsh or Female Buckler Fern is an interesting bog- 
growing species. | 

A widely-spread though local British Fern, less common in 
Ireland, and only found in one locality in Scotland; namely, 


06 ASPIDIUM THELYPTERIS. 


Forfarshire. General throughout Europe, Algiers, Cape of Good 
Hope, New Zealand, Russian Asia, and North America. 

Fronds lanceolate, membranaceous, erect; pinnate, pinne 
numerous, spreading, linear-lanceolate, and deeply pinnatifid. 
The fertile fronds have the margins of their segments revolute, 
are taller, and have a stouter stipes. Veins forked. Fructifi- 
cation extending over the whole under side of the frond. 

Sori small, circular, and placed near the base of the venules. 

Indusium small and circular. 

Stipes as long as the leafy portion of the fertile frond; 
smooth and round behind, channeled in front, near the base 
black and polished, above pale green. 

Rachis smooth and circular behind, and channeled in front. 
Caudex creeping. 

Length of frond from six to forty-eight inches; -colour 
delicate green. 

Easily cultivated in a damp situation with abundance of peaty 
soil. 

This species I have procured wild from Oxton Bogs, and 
for other plants I am indebted to Sir Oswald Mosley, Bart., 
of Rolleston Hall, and for fronds to Mr. Norman, of Hull. 

It is in the Catalogues of Messrs. Kennedy, of Covent 
Garden; Sim, of Foot’s Cray; Rollisson, of Tooting; Cooling, 
of Derby; Veitch, of Chelsea; A. Henderson, of Pine-apple 
Place; E. G. Henderson, of St. John’s Wood; Stansfield, of 
Todmorden; Young, of Taunton; and Cutbush, of Highgate. 

The illustration is from a plant in my own collection. 


ASPIDIUM AGROSTICHOIDES. 
YIY—VOL. 6. 


a 
Sy ys 


ak, ae 


ad 
- %, 


ote 
- 
- 


hen 


Portion of mature Frond, under side, showing the highest barren & lowest fertile pinne. 


ASPIDIUM ACROSTICHOIDES. 


SWARTZ. KUNZE. 


PEAT HRI Xe MO Vile 


Polystichum acrostichoides, Scuott. Moore anv Hovutstoyn. 
4 rs Swartz. Scukuur. SMIrH. 
. : Witipenow. Link. Pres. 
Aspidium auriculatum, ScHKURR. 
Nephrodium acrostichoides, Micuavx. 
Aspidium—The Shield Fern. Acrostachoides—............ P 


A PLEASING hardy Fern, easily cultivated, and very dissim- 
ilar from all other species. 

Native of North America. 

First introduced into the Royal Gardens, Kew, in 1820. 

Fronds pinnate, lanceolate; apex contracted where soriferous. 
Pinne oblong-linear, acute, petiolate, auriculate on the upper 
base, lower base obliquely truncate; margin ciliato-serrate, with 
lengthy spinulose hairs. 

Rachis and stipes squamulous. ‘Terminal, being adherent to 
a tufted rhizoma. ; 

Sori confluent. 

VOL. VI. I 


58 ASPIDIUM ACROSTICHOIDES. 


Length of frond two feet; colour dull green. 

For plants of this species I am indebted to Mr. R. Sim, 
of Foot’s Cray; and for fronds to Mr. Norman, of Hull. 

It is in the Catalogues of Messrs. Young, of Taunton; A. 
Henderson, of Pine-apple Place; Stansfield, of ‘Todmorden; 
Kennedy, of Covent Garden; Cooling, of Derby; Cutbush, of 
Highgate; Sim, of Foot’s Cray; Rollisson, of Tooting; and 
Veitch, of Chelsea. 


The illustration is from a plant in my own collection. 


ASPIDIUM CRISTATUM. 
XX-VOL. 6. 


if dh ih i) iorag EG 
EP as 2 LES 5 (S22, 
PINS Ou (QROX wes Ne ES’ 
VA ae 8 ae oh eS RS 
in (GRO 3 528 Oe oy 


Portion of m 


ASPIDIUM 


SWARTZ. J. E. SMITH. 


WILLDENOW. 


PLATE 


Aspidium cristatum, 
var. callipteris, 
Aspidium Coldieanum, 


Aspidium lancastriense, 
Lastrea cristata, 


66 66 


66 


callipteris, 
Polypodium cristatum, 
> callipteris, 
Nephrodium cristatum, 
Polystichum cristatum, 
+ callipteris, 
Lophodium callipteris, 
Doryopteris cristata, 
Lastrea cristata 
var. uliginosa, 
Lastrea uliginosa, 
Aspidium spinulosum, 


“cc 66 


var. uliginosum, 
Lophodium uliginosum, 


Aspidium—The Shield Fern. 


ature Frond, under side, 


CRISTATUM. 


HooKER AND ARNOTT. 
SPRENGEL. 


Bees VOT Wis 


Pursu. 

Or soME GARDENS, 
AND GREVILLE.) 
SPRENGEL. ScuKunr. 
Presu. -DEAKIN. 
BaBINGTON. 
NEWMAN. 
LINNAUS. 
EHRHART. 
MiIcHavx. 

Ror. 
De CaNDOLLE. 
NEWMAN. 
GRAY. 
Moore. 
BaBINGTON. 
NeEwMAN. 
Hooker & 
ARNOTT. 


(not of HookER 


WILLDENOW. 
Moore. 
NEWMAN. SowERBY. 


“The var. uliginosum.” 


66 


Brawn. 
NEWMAN. 


Cristatum—Crested. 


SCHKUHR. 


60 ASPIDIUM ORISTATUM. 


IN THE Secrion LASTREA OF AUTHORS. 


a 


Tue Crested Buckler Fern is a very local and at the same 
time singular and beautiful species. It is upright in habit, 
having a long narrow frond, with large bold fructification, 
which is almost black soon after the indusium has been shed. 
It is a difficult Fern to grow, owing to its native habitat 
being a boggy situation. When in cultivation as an out-door 
Fern if planted in peaty soil near water it will flourish as 
well as when growing wild, but in less favourable situations 
it will become weaker every year, until it finally, in two or 
three years, dies. In its native situations it appears to prefer 
growing on the sides of large tufts of Arra cespitosa and 
other swampy grasses. 

Botanists seem of opinion that another upright-growing Fern 
constantly found amongst it is merely a variety, yet from a 
vast number of examples that I have examined, the distinctive 
differences are so great that it seems more natural to separate 
them. Indeed the so-called variety uliginosum will flourish in 
an open Fernery in situations which would prove fatal to Ehrhart’s 
Fern. It also ripens its fructification earlier in the summer, 
and the fronds fade away in autumn, shrivelling up in a similar 
manner to what is observed with the Lady Fern, whilst As- 
pidium cristatum remains green far into winter, and the fronds 
do not shrivel up, breaking near the ground, and thus causing 
them to be prostrate before they have faded away. 

A hardy deciduous species indigenous to Great Britain, 
growing in boggy situations. in Norfolk, Suffolk, Nottingham- 
shire, and Cheshire. Generally dispersed throughout Europe 
and North America. 

Frond upright, narrow, linear-oblong, tapering at the apex, 
sub-bipinnate. Pinne numerous, and broadly triangular near 
the base, being more elongate near the centre of the frond. 
Pinnules blunt, adnate; basal lobes serrate, the rest inciso-crenate, 
except at the apex. | 

Veins forked. 

Fructification usually occupying the upper half. of the frond. 

Sori circular, numerous, indusiate, and medial. Indusium 
reniform, flat, and membranous. 


ASPIDIUM CRISTATUM. 6l 


Length of frond from one to two feet; colour heavy green. 

Lastrea uliginosa of Newman, will, in all probability, be 
raised to the rank of a species when better known. It bears 
its fertile fronds long before A. cristatum,; the latter are ripe 
about the last week in July, whilst A. uliginosum becomes 
ripe in June. ‘The fronds have more the character of A. spin- 
ulosum than of <A. cristatum,; they grow upright, and are 
naked for nearly half their length, the pinnules are smaller 
and more numerous, and the fructification extends over the 
whole under side of the frond. ‘Through the kindness of Mr. 
Henry Sherbrook, of Oxton, I have been enabled to examine the 
plants in their native habitat of Nottinghamshire, namely, Oxton 
Bogs, and also to bring away with me a series of plants of 
both forms, and although both flourish best in a moist 
situation in peaty soil, still A. wlginosum will grow in a much 
drier situation than A. erzstatum, and is an easier plant to 
grow under pot culture. 

For plants of a variety of this Fern from North America, 
known as the Lastrea cristata-major, I am indebted to Mr. 
R. Sim, of Foot’s Cray. 

It is in the Fern Catalogues of Messrs. Young, of Taunton; 
Bass and Brown, of Sudbury; A. Henderson, of Pine-apple 
Place; E. G. Henderson, of St. John’s Wood; Stansfield and 
Son, of Todmorden; Cooling, of Derby; Pearson, of Chilwell; 
Kennedy, of Covent Garden; Cutbush, of Highgate; Sim, of 
Foot’s Cray; Rollisson, of Tooting; and Veitch, Jun., of 
Chelsea. 


The illustration is from a plant in my own collection. 


ginosum, 


Aspidium Cristatum.—Variety Uli 


% 


ASPIOIUM RICIOUM. 
XX|—VOL. 6. 


») 
i 
> ¥ilies) 


DAY iy Ey; 


Be 


A ag 7) pee 
ve ZINE B EA AED : j d y <A 
RI 
ws 4 & S SY . 


Portion of mature Frond, upper side. 


ASPIDIUM RIGIDUM. 


SWARTZ. SCHKUBR. 


HooKerk AND ARNOTT. WILLDENOW. 
SPRENGEL. 


PIA CS al, AY Ole. 2V 


Aspidium fragrans, 

+ pallidum, 

" nevadense, 

4 Boothii, 

‘3 argutum, 
Polypodium rigidum, 

t fragrans, 
heleopteris, 
Lastrea rigida, 


6é ce 


ce 


Nephrodium pallidum, 
Polystichum rigidum, 
4 strigosum, 
Dryopteris rigida, 
Lophodium rigidum, 


Aspidium—The Shield Fern. 


Gray, (not of Swartz.) 

LINK. 

BolssigEr. 

TUCKERMAN. 

KaAvLruss. 

HOFFMANN. 

Vitars, (not of Linnzus or Hupson.) 
BORKHAUSEN. 

Presi. Baprncton. Sowersy. 
Newman. Moore. Deakin. 
Bory. 

De CaNnDoLueE. 

Rotnu. 

GRAY. 

NEWMAN, 


Rigidum—Rigid. 


In THE SEcrion LASTREA oF AUTHORS. 


Tue Rigid Shield Fern, or,as Mr. Moore has now called it, 
the “Rigid Buckler Fern,” is a pretty hardy deciduous British 


Ot ASPIDIUM RIGIDUM. 


species, easily grown both ina Fernery and under pot-culture. 

A local species, confined to the limestone mountains of West- 
morland, Lancaster, and York, and even in these localities 
extending over a small area. In Ireland it has been found 
in the county of Louth. In England Mr. Moore remarks 
that it ranges between twelve and fifteen hundred feet above 
the sea-level. 

It is a native of France, Switzerland, Sardinia, Sicily, Calabria, 
Germany, Dalmatia, Croatia, Hungary, Morea, Siberia, Asia 
Minor, California, and Massachusetts; in the two latter countries 
it attains a larger size. 

The caudex is thick, tufted, scaly, and decumbent. Stipes 
short, densely scaly. Rachis scaly. Venation branched. Fronds 
bipinnate, triangularly elongate. Pinne alternate, triangular in 
form. Pinnules oblong, base truncate, apex obtuse. Length 
from one to two feet; colour dull green, paler on the under 
side. Numerous minute glands are scattered over the frond, 
giving it a somewhat glaucous appearance. 

There are no permanent varieties of this species. 

The Asplenium rigidum is readily recognised from A. Filiz- 
mas, by its more rigid habit, and by the dusty look of its 
fronds and their less size. 

For plants of A. rigidum I am indebted to Mr. Joseph Side- 
botham, of Manchester; Mr. Wraight, of Newlands; Mr. Clapham, 
of Scarbro’; and Mr. Clarke, gardener to Mr. Wilkinson Dent, 
of Flass House, Crosby Ravensworth, Westmorland; to Mr. 
Clarke my obligations are more particularly due for an extensive 
series of specimens of this species, gathered in his neighbourhood. 

This Fern may be procured of the following Nurserymen:— 
W. Cutbush, of Highgate; J. Young, of Taunton; Veitch, of 
Chelsea; A. Henderson, of Pine-apple Place; E. G. Henderson, 
of St. John’s Wood; R. Sim, of Foot’s Cray; A. Stansfield, of 
Todmorden; E. Cooling, of Derby; J. Pearson, of Chilwell; W. 
Rollisson, of Tooting; and R. Kennedy, of Covent Garden. 

The illustration is from a plant in my own collection. 


; <e 


ASPIDIUM LONCHITIS, 
XXI|—VoL. 6. 


b N wee! 

- 7... Le a 
ee aie ee 
, y 4402 


se = iY | 
= SN ZZ od 
= Shee 


AVES 


Portion of mature Frond, upper side. 


ASPIDIUM LONCHITIS. 


Swartz. J. E. Smita. Hooker AND ARNOTT. MacKay. 
ScHKUHR. WILLDENOW.  SPRENGEL. 


PLATE XXII. VOL. VI. 


Aspidium asperum, GRay. 
Polystichum lonchitis, ‘Rorn. DEakIN. Basinerton. 
oe S . SowerBy. Newman. Moore. 
as re Presu. Fre. 
Polypodium lonchitis, - Linnzus. J. E. Smita. Botton. 


Aspidium—The Shield Fern. Lonchitis—Spear-like. 
IN THE SECTION PoLYSTICHUM OF AUTHORS. 


Tue ‘Holly Fern,” or, as it is sometimes called, the ‘Alpine 
Shield Fern,” is a mountain plant, and difficult to cultivate. 
It has a range of from about the elevation of one thousand 
two hundred to more than three thousand feet. A British 
species found only in Yorkshire on Ingleborough; in the 
Lake district; Carnarvonshire; on the mountains of the High- 
lands in Scotland; and in Ireland in the counties of Kerry, 
Meath, Sligo, Leitrim, and Donegal. It occurs in Iceland, 
Lapland, Sweden, Denmark, Russia, Germany, Hungary, Eng- 

VOL. VI. L 


66 ASPIDIUM LONCHITIS. 


land, Scotland, Ireland, Wales, France, Switzerland, Italy, 
Spain, Greece, Russian Asia, Kamtschatka, and the Rocky 
Mountains in North-west America. 

A hardy evergreen species. 

Fronds pinnate, of a narrow linear-lanceolate form, and rigid, 
the pinne being falcately lanceolate, acute, spinulosely serrate. 
Pinne numerous and undivided, and on the under side have 
many small hirsute scales. 

Fructification mostly on the upper half of the frond. Sori 
large, circular and crowded, eventually becoming confluent. 
Indusium orbicular and membranaceous. 

Stipes short, varying from half a inch to three inches in 
length, covered with brown chaffy scales. Rachis densely scaly. © 

Length of frond from six to twenty-four inches, usually from 
twelve to fifteen inches; colour deep green above, paler beneath. 

Mr. Wollaston describes two varieties:— 

Multifidum, having the apex divided. Not constant in cul- 
tivation. 

Proliferum, producing small bulbils in the axils of the lower- 
most pinne. 

For plants of this species I am indebted to Mr. Clapham, 
of Scarbro’, and to Miss Barker, of Beeston; and for fronds 
to Mr. J. Pearson, of Chilwell. 

It is in the Catalogues of Messrs. Pearson, of Chilwell; 
Young, of Taunton; Bass and Brown, of Sudbury; A. Hen- 
derson, of Pine-apple Place; E. G. Henderson, of St. John’s 
Wood; Rollisson, of Tooting; Sim, of Foot’s Cray; Veitch, 
of Chelsea; Stansfield, of Todmorden; and Kennedy, of Covent 
Garden. 

The specimens for illustration were kindly given me by Mr. 


John Pearson, of Chilwell. 


. 4 
o ae / 
e J i 4 
sv NAR SAN 


ANCULARE., 


ASPIDIUM 


XXIII—VOL. 6. 


TRIPINNATUM, 


, 


VAR, 


TPR 
O Ge 1 mee! 


’ ee 


~ 


ere ad f : x : TP cs 2 ¥ 
’ 3 a ¥% ; \ = ee a 


4 


3 ais 
. 
: 


4 


ANGULARE, 


ASPIDIUM 


XX|V—VoL. 6. 


~ 
4 


Se a eae 
SAAR AAC 
Portion of mature Frond, under side. 


ASPIDIUM ANGULARE. 


KITAIBEL. J. E. Smita. Sowersy. Mackay. 
Hooker AND ARNOTT. 


PLATES XXIII AND XXIV. VOL. VI. 


Polystichum angulare, Prest. Sowersy. Moore. 
= ie Fer. Deakin. Basineton. 
ad .s NEWMAN. 
bY aculeatum, Gray. Fes. 

- Braunit, Fre. 
Aspidium aculeatum, Kunze. Smita. Dott. 
a Braunit, SPENNER. 
sg hastulatum, TENORE. 

Polypodium setiferum, ForsKAL. 

4 appendiculatum, HorrManyn, (not Swartz.) 
" angulare, ries. Manrissa. 
i aculeatum, Hupson. 

Hypopeltis lobulata, Bory. 

Aspidium—The Shield Fern. Angulare—An angle. 


In tHE Section PoLysticHuM oF AUTHORS. 


Aw exceedingly beautiful species, growing in shady wooded 
localities, tolerably abundant throughout England, Wales, and 


68 ASPIDIUM ANGULARE. 


Ireland. Rare in Scotland. It is known as the “Soft Prickly 
Shield Fern.” 

A hardy species, easily cultivated. 

Closely allied to Aspidium.aculeatum, but having characters 
sufficiently distinct to-keep them divided. 

Found in Sweden, Norway, Scotland, Ireland, England, 
Wales, Jersey, Germany, France, Belgium, Spain, Italy, Greece, 
Coast of the Black’ Sea, Asia, India, Madeira, Canary Islands, 
Azores, Abyssinia, African Coast of the Mediterranean, Natal, 
United States, Sitka, Guatemala, Mexico, Caraccas, and New 
Granada. 

Fronds bipinnate or tripinnate, with numerous nearly linear 
pinne, broadest at the base, and tapering gradually to the 
apex; alternate. Pinnules ovate-falcate, with an anterior auricle, 
serrated deeply on the margins. Beneath the pinnules there 
are hair-like scales. Veins two or three times branched. 

Length of frond from two to five feet; width from seven to 
ten inches; brilliant green above, paler beneath. 

Fronds spreading, and arranged in a circlet around the 
crown. 

Stipes from four to eight inches long, densely scaly. Rachis 
prominent, slightly channeled above, and rounded beneath, and 
covered with hair-like scales. 

Sori small, numerous, circular, indusiate, occupying the upper 
two thirds of the frond. Indusium orbicular, membranaceous. 

‘There are many varieties of A. angulare. The following are 
enumerated in Mr. Moore’s excellent work, ‘‘The Nature- 
printed Ferns:’”— 

1.—Hastulatum, Moore. Found near St. Martha’s Hill, 
Surrey. It is known by the small size of the acute pinnules, 
_ and their distinct and slender footstalks. 

2.— Acutum, Wollaston. Found in Sussex and Hampshire. 
Pinnules rather longer than in hastulatum, narrow, falcate, and 
strongly auriculed. It approaches the normal form of A.aculeatum. 

3.—Aristatum, Wollaston. Found in Sussex by Mr. Wol- 
laston. The points of the serratures are aristate, and the long 
hair-like points give the plant a bristly appearance. It bears 
bulbils on the stipes. 

4.—Multifidum, Wollaston. Apex of frond tufted, and the 


pinne sometimes divided. 


ASPIDIUM -ANGULARE: a 


9.—Proliferum, ‘Wollaston. Found ‘at Wimbledon, by Mr. 
Choules, and -near ‘Ottery St: ‘Mary, Devonshire,‘ by Mr. Wollas- 
ton. Known in cultivation as angustatum. Proliferous, bearing 
bulbils at the point of junction of the pinne with the rachis, and 
occasionally in the axils. of the pinnules. ‘Tripinnate, pinules 
narrow and attenuated, and conspicuously stalked, deeply cleft, 
and lobes widely separated. Very handsome. 

6.—Depauperatum, Wollaston. Found by Dr. Kinahan in 
Ireland. Fronds frequently mere skeletons; it occasionally 
produces bulbils. 

7.—Intermedium, Wollaston. Found near St. Mary’s Cray ; 
Kent, by Mr. Robert Sim. It very closely resembles A. 
aculeatum. 

8.—Premorsum, Allchin. Found in Ireland by Dr. Allchin. 
Dwarf, pinne laciniate and irregular. 

9.—Dissimile, Moore. Found in Kent by Mrs. Delves. 
Pinne irregular. 

10.—Jrregulare, Moore. Found near Nettlecombe, Somer- 
setshire, by Mr. Elworthy, gardener to Sir W. C. Trevelyan, 
Bart. Pinne very irregular. The lower pinne have unequally 
inciso-lobate pinnules. 

11.—Biserratum, Moore. Found near Brentford by Mr. S. 
F. Gray; also common in Jersey. Long stipes. A lax form, 
with large broad pinnules, inciso-serrate; all but the anterior 
lobe biserrate and aristate. 

12.—Alatum, Moore. Found in Somersetshire by Mrs. A. 
Thompson. Pinnules connected by a wing on both sides the 
secondary rachis, on which they are decurrent. Pinnules 
more tapering. 

13.—Imbricatum, Moore. Distinct and graceful. Frond two 
feet in length, linear-lanceolate, in habit resembling A. lobatum. 
Pinne short; apices blunt; pinnules crowded, blunt, and im- 
bricated. A bulbil is found on the larger fronds, on the stipes 
beneath the soil, and therefore each large frond is accompanied 
by a small one. Found in Somersetshire by Mr. Elworthy. 

14.—Incisum, Wollaston. Discovered in Sussex by Mr. 
Wollaston and Dr. Allchin. Grows four feet in length. 
Pinnules very dissimilar in size and shape. 

15.—Subtripinnatum, Moore. Lower pinnules very deeply 
pinnatifid. A common variety. 


70 ASPIDIUM ANGULARE. 


16.—Tripinnatum, Moore. The present Fern the author re- 
ceived as a seedling plant from Mr. R. T. Millet, of Penzance. 
Mr. Moore, in his “ Nature-printed Ferns,” says of it, “This 
very beautiful and peculiar variety has been called tripinnatum, 
in contrast with the subtripinnatum, in consequence of its 
basal anterior pinnules being much more distinctly pinnate, 
though the plant is on the whole less divided than the Devon 
form of the variety proliferum, or the Irish variety decompositum. 
The most remarkable peculiarity is the unusual elongation of 
the anterior basal pinnules, and their truly pinnate character; 
the little pinnulets being distinctly stalked. ‘The other pinnules 
are highly developed, though less so than the basal one, and 
they are crowded and imbricated. It is profuse in the production 
of sori, and thickly covered with subulate scales. It was found 
in Cornwall by Mr. Millet, and was first made known to cul- 
tivators by Mr. E. J. Lowe. It is a very marked aberration 
from the normal form, and appears to be very rare.” Another 
character of this Fern, not visible in a dried frond forwarded 
to Mr. Moore, is strikingly exhibited in the growing plant; 
the pinne, instead of being flat, and lying in the same plane 
with the stipes and rachis, are almost at right angles to this 
line, lying in a horizontal position above each other.—Plate 
AXTY. 

17.—Decompositum, Moore. This beautiful variety is by far 
the most compound or divided form. An Irish Fern, cultivated 
in the Glasnevin Botanic Gardens. 

For a more lengthy description the reader is referred to 
Mr. Moore’s ‘‘ Nature-printed Ferns.” 

I have procured this species wild at Matlock; Chaigeley, 
Lancashire; and at Ambleside. For plants from Cornwall I 
am indebted to Mr. R. T. Millet, of Penzance. Sir Oswald 
Mosley, Bart., has sent me specimens of several varieties; Mr. 
R. T. Millet the beautiful variety tripinnatum, (of which a 
coloured plate is here given; Messrs. Rollisson the variety 
proliferum. For fronds I am indebted to Mrs. Delves, of 
Tunbridge Wells; Messrs. Rollisson, of Tooting; Sir Oswald 
Mosley; Mr. Sim, of Foot’s Cray; and Mr. Norman, of Hull. 

This species can be procured of any Nurseryman. ‘The 
following varieties are in the aftermentioned Catalogues:— 

Subtripinnatum, proliferum, imbricatum, dissimile, and tnter- 


_ 


ASPIDIUM ANGULARE. vA 


medium, KR. Sim, of Foot’s Cray. Subtripinnatum and proliferum, 
Kennedy, of Covent Garden. Angustatum, bisseratum, and 
proliferum, Veitch, of Chelsea. Proliferum, A. Henderson, of 
Pine-apple Place. Aristatum, Stansfield, of ‘Todmorden. Pro- 
liferum, Young, of Taunton. 

The illustrations are from plants in my own collection. 


Variety Tripinnatum. Pinna of mature Frond, under side, 


——s 


aby 
SPQ Se 
Ses Sy ck <n 
spy WN Se ee 


ZINA OAS 
CCELEY SID MANOR 


Variety Proliferum. 


WW ' 
Ok Sr We 
4 ie ‘ cc \ 
f = 

—* 


ee Fe ee eee 


and 


PUBESCENS. 


XX¥V—VoL. 6. 


ASPIDIUM 


“Ae pine oT mabe Tred, Bone shies ; . ; 


DASPIDIUM CEU RESE ER 


RENE TM i ep Ganetig nore 
4 = 


a 

= 
' 

oe 


Portion of pinna of mature Frond, under side. 


ASPIDIUM PUBESCENS. 


SWARTZ. SPRENGEL. FEE. 


PLATE XXV.- VOL. VI. 


Lastrea pubescens, Presu. J. Smita. 
sf < Moore anv Houvutston, 
Polypodium pubescens, LINNZUS. 
Nephrodium pubescens, Hooker AND GREVILLE. 
Aspidium—The Shield Fern. Pubescens—Downy. 


In THE SgEcTION LASTREA OF AUTHORS. 


Asmdium pubescens is often confused in gardens with A. 
decompositum, which is a similar-looking species, although 
destitute of that downy character so conspicuously shewn in 
the A. pubescens. 

A handsome evergreen stove species, capable of being grown 

VOL; VI: M 


74 ASPIDIUM PUBESCENS. 


into a splendid specimen, and requiring no particular care in 
its cultivation. 

Native of Jamaica. 

Fronds deltoid, pubescent, sub-tripinnate; pinnules oblong- 
linear; segments sharply toothed, largest on the superior side. 

Stipes covered with scales of a brown colour,- being most 
crowded near the base; lateral, adherent to a slender, creeping, 
sealy rhizoma. 

Sori medial, at first very pale straw-coloured. 

Length twelve inches. 

For plants I am indebted to Messrs. Booth and Son, of 
Hamburg. 

It is in the Catalogues of Messrs. Sim, of Foot’s Cray; 
Veitch, of Chelsea; Rollisson, of Tooting; Masters, of Canter- 
bury; Booth and Son, of Hamburg; Stansfield, of Todmorden; 
and Cooling, of Derby. 


The illustration is from a plant in my own collection. 


ASPIDIUM ELONGATUM, 
XXVI--Vou. 6. 


——S 


ee = G 
. 


Mes 


a 
. 


Se hes ‘Sraks 


Gur. 


«< 
ae ’ Ay Flaw f 
ae ‘ 
mae: 
‘a cs 
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N an ¥ 

a+ oe. eo 7 

Se ae | i ae CUe 
> : 44 


Raphi: Sirah 
= henst res abot: 


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peepee elengstows: — - 


es Pevi’ ao ot: 
Aenidiam ‘flic-tees, 3003 


uy 
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ay 


Ries Ba Rae ae Ke 


tate arty aleiugete tae 


RLONC rm £0 


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Phe 


seeping wae co 


bs 


Bren. Hoptts and Greviise 
ie OE * 


SBege. ae : tee 4s ee 


4% 


’ 
Sze" 


Pinna, under side, 


ASPIDIUM ELONGATUM. 


SwaARTzZ. HOOKER AND GREVILLE. FEE. 
SPRENGEL. KUNZE. 


FLATE XXXVI. VOL. VI. 


Aspidium oligodonton, DESVAUX. 
Lastrea elongata, Prest. J. SMiru. 
hs Moore anv Hovtston. 
Polypodium elongatum, AITON. 
Aspidium—The Shield Fern. Hlongat«m—Hlongated. 


THIs interesting Fern is not very dissimilar to an elongated 
form of Aspidium filiz-mas, and may prove hardy in warm 
situations. 

A greenhouse species. 

Native of the Island of Madeira, Canary Island, Azores, 
and Teneriffe. 

Introduced into England in the year 1799. 

Fronds glabrous, triangularly elongate in form, sub-tripinnate; 
the pinne triangularly elongate. Pinnules oblong-acute, with 
slightly dentate blunt segments. Stipes paleaceous. ‘Terminal, 
adherent to a thick, short, creeping rhizoma. 

Sori medial. 


76 ASPIDIUM ELONGATUM. 


Length of frond from two to three feet; colour deep green. 

For a plant of this species I am indebted to Mr. R. Sim, 
of Foot’s Cray. 

It is in the Catalogues of Messrs. A. Henderson, of Pine- 
apple Place; Sim, of Foot’s Cray; Stansfield, of Todmorden; 
and Booth and Son, of Hamburg. 


The illustration is from a plant in my own collection. 


ASPIDIUM ODILATATUM. 


XXVIJ-Vob. 6. 


tw > ,. =< Teas * 
. f > fer. wee 
‘ re , eR ee 
¢ 4 < , * So, 
; c ‘ vs 
* 4 - 
’ 
« 
, i} . 
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4 
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. 
if P 
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a ‘ 
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3 } 4 ’ x 
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« he < . i 4 
- * a 
. Ps ® - M « 
4 Md . é 
7 S - q 


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3 
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ie 
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: 


ae ; eee 2 i 4 = : ; ; 
i ope Be ee ie ae oe < 
i i nd f = the aa . oe 4 = ' “a 
g ; ' i ail ese * " = = ; . = fe : 
; | ee: hy BREE ROM ee 
03 eS ; 8 ie ee a : 
ea e i o oe i - eee: eS Sage 


ce ies 
Ds ood bier 
a a 2 


i eas 


Mate 


Portion of pinna of mature Frond, under side. — 


ASPIDIUM DILATATUM. 


SMITH. SWARTZ. 


PLATE XXVII.. VOL. VI. 


Lastrea dilatata, 


Aspidium spinulosum, 


66 66 


42 erosum, 


Lastrea multiflora, 
Polypodium dilatatum, 
fy cristatum, 
multiflorum, 
Polystichum multiflorum, 
s dilatatum, 
Dryopteris dilatata, 
Lophodium multiflorum, 
Lastrea dilatata, 
«multiflora var. 
dilatata, 


6é 


Prest. Linpitry anp Moore. 
Smitu. Basineton. Sowersy. 
Moore. 

Scukunr. Swartz. WILLDENOW. 
HookeR AND ARNOTT. 

ScuKUHR. 

Newman. DEAKIN. 

HOFFMANN. 

Hupson. Horrmann. Bouton. 
RortuH. 

Dr CANDOLLE. 

Dr CANDOLLE. 

GRAY. 

NEWMAN. 

Moorr. Variety Tanacetifolium. 


DEAKIN. se he 


78 


Aspidium dilatatum, 


ASPIDIUM DILATATUM. 


« 


WiLipENow. Variety Z'anacetifolium. 


eu * SPRENGEL. * 
spinulosum, ScaHKuuR. He $e 
c erosum, ScHKUHR. x 
Polypodium tanacetifolium, DorrmMann. . 


Polystichum tanacetifolium, 


De CANDOLLE. 


Polypodium aristaium, VILLARS. : +s 
Lastrea multiflora var. nana, Newman. Deakin. Var. Nanum, 
“  dilatata var. nana, Moore. = as 
Lophodium multiflorum, 

var. nana, NEWMAN. a “ 
Aspidium dumetorum, SMItH. Variety Dumetorum. 
Lastrea dumetorum, Moort. = = 

‘*  dilatata var, collina, Moores. ‘e es 

“4 He var. maculata, Moore. + A 

“ multiflora, var. collina, Newman. . - 

“  collina, NEWMAN. a 

“« maculata, Deakin. _. a 
Lophodium collinum, NeEwMan. ce Es 
Lastrea dilatata, var. collina. Moorr. Basinevor. Var. Collinum. 


“multiflora, var. collina, Newman. Dsakin. tf ce 

*  collina, NEWMAN. as a 
Lophodium collinum, Newman. + - 
Lastrea Chanteria, Moors. Variety Chanteric. 

“ dilatata var. angusta, Moore. Variety Angustum. 

“« alpina, Moore. Variety Alpinum. 

“  dilatata var. glandulosa, Moors. Variety Glandulosum. 

«glandulosa, NEWMAN. = ye 
Lophodium glandulosum, NEWMAN. * 

< glanduliferum, NEwMan. MW ue 


Aspidium—The Shield Fern. Dilatatum—Extended. 


InN THE SECTION LASTREA OF AUTHORS. 


A SPECIES subject to great variety. Aspidium dilatatum, 
the ‘Broad Prickly-toothed Buckler Fern,” is a noble British 
species; easily cultivated, and of large growth. 

A hardy deciduous Fern, growing in shady situations, and 
to be met with almost everywhere. The variety tanacetifolium 
is also common; the other varieties are local. 

It is dispersed throughout the whole of Europe, from Lap- 
land to Portugal and Spain. In Asia, in Kamtschatka; in 


ASPIDIUM DILATATUM. 79 


Africa, in the Azores; in America, at Sitka, Port Mulgrave, 
Canada, and the Rocky Mountains. 

The ordinary form is ovate-lanceolate; bipinnate to tripinuate. 
Pinne opposite, numerous, the basal pair obliquely triangular- 
elongate; the posterior pinnules considerably larger than the 
anterior pinnules. The pinne taper gradually from the base 
to the apex. Pinnules ovate-oblong, rather acute, the basal 
ones stalked, and the upper pinnules sessile and decurrent, 
the lower ones deeply pinnatifid, occasionally pinnate. The 
divisions are all sharply dentate, ending in a_ bristle-like 
point. 

Veins forked. 

Caudex stout, mostly upright; crown densely scaly. 

Stipes terminal, from a third to half the length of the 
frond; densely scaly. 

Fructification occupying the whole of the under side of the 
frond. Sori numerous, circular, and indusiate. Indusium 
reniform and membranous. 

Length from two to six feet, usual size from two to three 
feet; breadth from six to sixteen inches. Colour dark green 
above, paler beneath. 

One of the most difficult species to understand, as in its 
different forms it approaches both A. fentsecdd and A. spinu- 
losum; from the latter it is known by A. spinulosum having 
a creeping caudex, the few broad pallid scales of its stipes, and 
by the indusium being entire. 

The form tanacetifolium, or “Tansy-leaved prickly-toothed 
Buckler Fern,” is tripinnate, with broad fronds; stipes having 
numerous entire dark brown scales, with a darker bar down 
the centre; lanceolate in form. 

The form nanum, or “ Dwarf prickly-toothed Buckler Fern,” 
from Settle and Ilfracombe, is always dwarf, varying from two 
to ten inches in length. 

The form dumetorum, or “Thicket prickly-toothed Buckler 
Fern,” is also dwarf, with broad frond, having large abundant 
fructification, and is remarkable for the glandular surface of 
the fronds. 

The form collinum, the ‘ Hill prickly-toothed Buckler Fern,” 
known also as “ Pinder’s Fern,’ has the pinne distant and 
spreading. 


80 ASPIDIUM DILATATUM. 


The form Chanterie, ‘Mrs. Chanter’s prickly-toothed Buckler 
Fern,” differs in the narrowed form and attenuated apex of its 
fronds. 

The form angustatum, the ‘“‘Linear prickly-toothed Buckler 
Fern,” has narrow lanceolate bipinnate fronds. It very closely 
approaches A. spinulosum. 

The form alpinum, the ‘Alpine prickly-toothed Buckler 
Fern,” another form approaching A. spinulosum,; common on 
Ben Lawers. : 

The form glandulosum, the “Glandular prickly-toothed Buck- 


ler Fern,” 


is large and erect in habit. 

It would be impossible to describe the endless variety of this 
very variable species. Mr. Moore, in his “‘ Nature-printed Ferns,” 
gives the following as the most distinct of the varieties of 
A. dilatatum, (the Lastrea dilatata of most authors.) 

1.—Multifida, Wollaston. Rachis divided low down, so as 
to make two fronds on one stipes. Not constant in cultivation. 

2.—Tanacetifolia, Moore. Broad tripinnate triangular frond. 

3.—Pumila, Moore. Small sub-deltoid bipinnate variety, 
with pallid scales. A local Fern from Hampstead, Dumbarton- 
shire, Carnarvonshire, Bute, and Mountains of Dublin and 
Wicklow. 

4.—Deltoidea, Moore. An elegant variety, with deltoid 
tripinnate finely-cut fronds. Found in Devonshire by the 
Rev. J. M. Chanter. 

5.—Fuscipes, Moore. Fronds nearly as broad as long, tripin- 
nate, the points of the fronds and pinne caudate. Found in 
Guernsey, by Mr. G. Wolsey. 

6.—Micromera, Moore. Finely divided, though small it is 
almost quadripinnate. J’ound near Ilfracombe by the Rev. J. 
M. Chanter. 

7.—Nana, Newman. Fronds ovate, bipinnate, and very 
dwarf. From Settle and Ilfracombe. 

8.—Dumetorum, Moore. Dwarf, fronds ovate; stipes and 
rachis clothed with glands, as well as the under side of the 
frond. 

9.—Collina, Newman. Somewhat similar to dumetorum, but 
almost destitute of the glands so conspicuous in that variety. 

10.—Smithi, Moore. An Irish plant, somewhat related to 
gollina. 


ASPIDIUM DILATATUM. Sl 


11.—Chantertw, Moore. Erect, with the pinne twisted up- 
wards. 

12.—Distans, Moore. Larger than Chanterie, but somewhat 
allied to that variety. Found at Coombe Wood, Surrey, by 
Mr. S. F. Gray. 

13.—Obtusa, Moore. A distinct variety, with narrow ovate 
fronds, having oblong-obtuse, shallow, lobed pinnules. From 
Middlesex, Surrey, Devonshire, and Argyleshire. 

14.—Angusta, Moore. Linear frond with a long stipes half 
the length of the whole frond. Found near Tunbridge Wells 
by Miss Bower, and since in Devonshire and Argyleshire. 

15.— Alpina, Moore. Narrow ascending pinne. From Ben 
Lawers. 

16.—Glandulosa, Newman. A glandular form, erect in habit. 

17.—Valida, Moore. A stout, leathery, erect, broad frond, 
from Devonshire and Guernsey. 

18.—Schofieldir, Stansfield. Grows from three to four inches 
high, and is somewhat analogous to the variety crispum, of 
Asplenium filix-foeemina. 

For further particulars of these varieties, the reader is referred 
to the excellent account in Lindley and Moore’s ‘ Nature-printed 
Ferns.” ys 

My thanks are due to Mr. Wollaston, of Chiselhurst, for a 
plant of the variety collina. 

The species is common enough to be procured anywhere. 

The varieties nana, collina, dumetorum, and Schofieldi, can 
be procured of Mr. Sim, of Foot’s Cray. 

‘The illustration is from a plant in my own collection. 


VOLse VI. N 


id 
ay: 
i 


ASPIDIUM COLDIANUM, 
XXVITI—-Vou. 6, 


Portion of pinna of mature Frond, under side, 


ASPIDIUM GOLDIANUM. 


Fee. LINK. 


PLATE XXVIII. VOL. VI. 


Aspidium Coldianum, Hooker. Kunze. 
Lastrea Goldiana, Prest. J. Smiru. 
gi Moore anv Hovtston. 
Nephrodium Goldianum, HOooKER AND GREVILLE. 
Aspidium—The Shield Fern. Goldianum—Goldin’s. 


In THE SeEcTION LASTREA OF AUTHORS. 


A FINE Fern, deserving more general cultivation. 

Aspidium Goldianum is a native of North America. 

A hardy deciduous species. 

The fronds are broadly lanceolate in form, sub-pinnate; 
the pinne being broadly lanceolate. Pinnules linear-oblong, 
somewhat blunt at the apex. ‘Those near the base distant, the 
upper ones confluent. Margin crenate. 


84 ASPIDIUM GOLDIANUM. 


Stipes and rachis scaly. Fronds terminal, adherent round 
the crown of a tufted rhizoma. 

Sori medial. 

Length of frond from twelve to thirty inches; colour pale 
yellowish green. 

For plants I am indebted to Mr. Henderson, of Wentworth; 
and to Mr. Sim, of Foot’s Cray. 

It is in the Catalogues of Messrs. Sim, of Foot’s Cray; 
Rollisson, of Tooting; Kennedy, of Covent Garden; Young, 
of Taunton; and A. Henderson, of Pine-apple Place. 

The illustration is from a plant in my own collection. 


ASPIDIUM TRIFOLIATUM, ns snk 


XX1X--VOL. 6. c=ESS 


+ 


aT eee et Lee 
oan aD. 


. eS ee 
op “y 


Pinna of mature Frond, under side. 


ASPIDIUM TRIFOLIATUM. 


SwarRtz. Scukuur. Hooker. Scuottr. J. SMItHuH. 
Kunze. WILLDENoW. PLumier. Moore AND HOouLsrTON. 


PEAT A wae VOL, Vd: 


Polypodium trifoliatum, Linnzus. Jacquin. 

Bathium trifoliatum, Fer. Link. 

Aspidium heracleifolium, WILLDENOW. PLuUMIER. 

Polypotium Piva, POIRET. 

Aspidium Pica, Desvaux. 
Aspidium—The Shield Fern. Trifoliatum—Three-leaved. 


WueEN well grown this Fern is a magnificent specics, its 
bold-looking fronds and gigantic fructification must always place 
it amongst the most conspicuous of our favourite Ferns. 

A stove evergreen species. 

Native of the West Indies and Tropical America, Jamaica, 
and St. Domingo. 

Introduced into the Royal Gardens, Kew, in the year 1769. 

Fronds glabrous, pinnate, somewhat erect in habit. The 


86 ASPIDIUM TRIFOLIATUM. 


inferior pinne petiolate, in form nearly triangular lobate; base 
cordate-auriculate; terminal one’ triangular, sinuately-pinnatifid ; 
segments acuminate; lower ones longest. 

Fronds fertile throughout. Stipes dark brown in colour, 
having a few scattered scales near the base. 

Sori circular. Indusium peltate. 

Length from twelve to eighteen inches; colour pale green. 

My thanks are due to Mr. Stratton, Curator of the Cambridge 
Botanic Gardens; and to Mr. Clarke, Curator of the Royal 
Gardens, Glasgow; for plants of this species. 

It may be procured from the following Nurserymen:—Booth 
and Sons, of Hamburg; Sim, of Foot’s Cray; Veitch, Jun., of 
Chelsea; Rollisson, of ‘Tooting; Kennedy, of Covent Garden; 
Stansfield, of ‘Todmorden; E. G. Henderson, of St. John’s Wood; 
and A. Henderson, of Pine-apple Place. 

The illustration is from a plant in my own collection. 


ASPIDIUM MOLLE 
YXX—VOL. 6. 


7 
be w oy? y i py d 
(a ei f ed Be) (ple 
a rt / eye i f k ié Bae) /&e feo ph: 
3 , Ye B, 7) Oy x 
K oe V\82 Jax | / ere |/2 Me Ve Vesy D)) 
Cy ele" > Ae | é eh 4 
; Me 4 @) 5 01.6 O Pe) ee ON Ger 
: ay © y oy 2 —————— ei , 
Re Gr 2 \ a\ ¢ ory ie 
xh ‘3 LASS Ga Sd \ eh eg \ a eS 
a 6] 2 
N ‘ OS N 
BNE IN \ 
ck Rate As a 
} SN 4 g y 
‘Gas \ Pee UB a) : 


Pinna of mature Frond, under side, 


ASPIDIUM 


SWARTZ. KUNZE. 


RADDI. 


PLATE XXX. 


Aspidium violascens, 
Nephrodium molle, 


6c 66 


fe 66 


. pubescens, 
Polypodiwum pubescens, 
- nymphale, 


Aspidium—The Shield Fern. 


MOLLE. 


WILLDENOW. SCHKUHR. 
SPRENGEL. 


VOL, VI. 


Link. 

R. Brown. ScuHott. J. Situ. 
Frere. Moore anp Hovtston. 
PRESL. 

Don. 

JACQUIN. 

ScHKUHR. ForsTER, 


Molle—Soft. 


In THE SEcTION NEPHRODIUM OF AUTHORS. 


ALTHOUGH a very common, still a very desirable free-growing 
species, and well adapted for cultivating as a specimen. In a 
greenhouse or stove there can scarcely be a greater weed than 
Nephrodium molle, as it is so readily propagated from spores. 

Introduced into England in the year 1820. 

A stove or warm greenhouse species, from ‘Tropical America, 
Brazil, Rio De Janeiro, Mauritius, and Mexico. 

Fronds lanceolate and pubescent; the pinne being linear- 


88 ASPIDIUM MOLLE. 


oblong, acuminate, pinnatifid, and petiolulate. The segments 
linear-oblong obtuse, being largest next the rachis. ‘l'erminal, 
adherent to a thick somewhat creeping rhizoma. 

Stipes slightly scaly near the base. 

Indusium very hairy, and pale violet in colour. 

Length of frond from twelve to thirty inches. 

For plants my thanks are due to Sir Oswald Mosley, Bart., 
of Rolleston Hall; Mr. F. Wright, of Osmaston Manor; Mr. 
Stewart, gardener to Lord Vernon; Mr. Ingram, gardener to 
the Duke of Rutland; and to Mr. Cooling, of Derby. 

It is in the Catalogues of Messrs. A. Henderson, of Pine- 
apple Place; Stansfield and Son, of Todmorden; Kennedy, of 
Covent Garden; Bass and Brown, of Sudbury; Masters, of 
Canterbury; Rollisson, of Tooting; Cooling, of Derby; Sim, of 
Foot’s Cray; and Veitch, of Chelsea. 


The illustration is from a plant in my own collection. 


ASPIDIUM THELYPTEROIDES. , A, MUCRONATUM. 
X XXI—VOL. 6. 


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Pinna of mature Frond, under side. 


ASPIDIUM THELYPTEROIDES. 


SWARTZ. 


PLATE XXXI.—A. VOL. VI. 


Aspidium noveboracense, Link. Swartz. WILLDENOW. 
‘ a Scukuur. Kunze, 
“4 pumilum, Or GARDENS. 
Nephrodium thelypteroides, MIcHavx. 
Polypodium noveboracense, LINNEUS. 
Aspidium—The Shield Fern. ‘ Thelypteroides—......... ? 


In THE SxEcTION LASTREA OF AUTHORS. 


THE present species, although more dwarf in habit than 
Aspidium thelypteris, still in all its characters it so nearly 
approaches A. thelypteris of Swartz, and A. pumilum of 
gardens, that I have hesitated in placing it as distinct from 
that species; the illustration, however, is given as a guide to 
the cultivator. 

A North American Fern, and in all probability only a variety 
of our British A. thelypteris. 

For a plant I am indebted to Mr. Sim, of Foot’s Cray. 

There appear to be two forms in North America, the one 
known as Lastrea noveboracense, and the other as L. thelypter- 
oides ; the former differs in a slight degree in having its creeping 

VOL. VI. 0 


90 ASPIDIUM THELYPTEROIDES. 


rhizoma ‘‘creeping above the ground,” and in being more 
compact in its growth. 

Both forms are in the Catalogues of Mr. R. Sim, of Foot’s 
Cray; Rollisson, of Tooting; Kennedy, of Covent Garden; and 
Booth and Son, of Hamburg. 

The illustration is from a plant in my own collection. 


Portion of mature Frond, under side. 


ASPIDIUM MUCRONATUM. 


SWARTZ. SCHKUHR. KUNZE. SPRENGEL. SLOAN. 


PLATE XXXI.——-B. VOL. VI. 


Polystichum mucronatum, Press. J. SmitH. Feu. 
He ce Moore anv Hovtston. 
Nephrodium Sloanei, PRESL. 
Aspidium—The Shield Fern. Mucronatum—Sharp-pointed. 


In THE SEcTION PoLystTicHUM oF AUTHORS. 


A Love.y, dwarf, close-growing, evergreen, scarce species; 


seldom to be met with in private collections. Easily cultivated. 
A stove Fern. 


Native of Jamaica. 

Introduced into England in the year 1838. 

Fronds pinnate, linear-lanceolate in form; pinne petiolate, 
oblong-ovate, mucronate; lower ones sub-hastate; superior base 


auriculate; inferior base obliquely wedge-shaped; margin serrate, 
with long spiny teeth. 


92 ASPIDIUM MUCRONATUM. 


Rachis and stipes chaffy. ‘Terminal, adherent to a tufted 
rhizoma. 

Sori bold. 

Length of frond twelve inches; colour deep shining green. 

For plants I am indebted to Mr. J. Smith, Curator of the 
Royal Gardens, Kew; and to Mr. Pass, gardener to Mr. 
Brocklehurst, of the Fenee, near Macclesfield. 

It is in the Catalogue of Mr. R. Sim, of Foot’s Cray, Kent. 

The illustration is from a plant in my own collection. 


Ae 
m4 e 


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a iJ he *. 
7 + : * 
ie me alto 
bay ¥ 
¢ 4% 


» 


GLABELLUM. 


ASPIDIUM 


XXXI|—VoL. 6. 


ghee ‘vs 


ore © 


Miecenin 8 pretty, dwar 
eS Bx. CIELO ER Ww PaO: * Oy st ; Weta 


‘te Naw Lertard : 
x gees are ghabro: ib; Irigy easy 
ee, tha pinne being teicugs.tcx 


” 
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a einai ct; raits Ringe % 


her toothed — ities 


+ bimd ewelve ee Oe 


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Pvp aa 


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USS Py 
VWINSSG 
we 
RS 
As 
NS 
Pinna of mature Frond, under side. 
ASPIDIUM GLABELLUM. 
PLATE XXXII. VOL. VI. 
Lastrea glabella, J. Smitu. Moorg anv Houtsron. 
Nephrodium glabellum, A. CUNNINGHAM. 
Aspidium—The Shield Fern. Glabellum—Smoothish. 


In THE SEcTION LASTREA OF AUTHORS. 


AN interesting, pretty, dwarf, delicate Fern; rather rare in 
cultivation. An evergreen warm greenhouse species. 

Native of New Zealand. 

The fronds are glabrous, triangularly-elongate in shape, sub- 
tripinnate; the pinne being triangularly-elongate; the pinnules 
oblong-linear, pinnatifid; the basal pinnules entire; upper ones 
confluent, having toothed segments. 

Stipes having a few scales near the base. Terminal, adherent 
to a tufted rhizoma. 

Sori medial. 

Length of frond twelve inches; colour pale green. 


94 ASPIDIUM GLABELLUM. 


For a plant of this species I am indebted to Mr. R. Sim, 
of Foot’s Cray. 

It may be procured of Messrs. Rollisson, of ‘Tooting, and 
Sim, of Foot’s Cray. 


The illustration is from a plant in my own collection. 


4V 


oa + i 
nat (aes 
ver 


’ 


ofS 


b\ : ; 
: oy) / * ¢ ’ f \ 
; ie) t! [es or Se aN gene Ia 
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- ' - - > a 
; : ; »- ae 
= “es * 
‘ ys 
a \ : } 


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aed z 


\ 
\ 
ASPIDIUM DECOMPOSITUM, 
XXXI1|—VOL. 6. 


eae a Drow it hd wie 


ht tee eee re irs eee boi . pn : 
4 y ‘a # ‘ 
£ 
! 
. 
- 
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472 Pg i | | ‘ 
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ets ee eRe ee Bast iy 
felaabbss dbo iin A. Wee im BP shh puctg eet Pid ee ; : 
wins _ Pee tspices zi sir coal ane y Lifes 
: JP a ‘ : x > . 


ie ae cake: Pern. | 
3 af Wore Holiand, © : | 4. a 


cesta iy fon, eae eee e thin bwin. 304 
{ piiiuiies ablong, um o>} is Aust Wis nia Pie 


vad ‘midis: iif pinnie Pobensyent 
prorated oral favith onnaal dark bir, Roath 


nda ay CRED RE iE : 
iy of tron Haman ight. Re ee A a eo 


+: 
af 

oa 
van) 


& 


an a 


Pinna of mature Frond, under side. 


ASPIDIUM DECOMPOSITUM. 


Kunze. FEEs. 


PLATE XXXIII. VOL. VI. 


Lastrea decomposita, J. Smitru. Moore & Hovtston. 
Nephrodium decompositum, R. Brown. 
Aspidium—The Shield Fern. Decompositum—Decomposed. 


In THE SeEcTrion LASTREA OF AUTHORS. 


A soMEWuat similar-looking species to the Aspidium pubescens 
of Swartz, without the pubescence which is so conspicuous in 
that species. 

An evergreen warm greenhouse Fern. 

Native of New Holland. 

Fronds cuneate in form, in some degree membranous, deltoid, 
and tripinnate; pinnules oblong, inciso-pinnatifid, with dentate 
segments. 

Rachis and midrib of pinne pubescent. 

Stipes scattered over with small dark brown scales. 

Fronds lateral, adherent to a creeping rhizoma. 

Length of frond from eighteen to twenty-four inches; colour 
light green. 


Sori medial. 


96 ASPIDIUM DECOMPOSITUM. 


Introduced into the Royal Gardens, Kew, by Mr. A. Cun- 
ningham, in the year 1825. 

For plants of this species I am indebted to Mr. R. Sim, 
of Foot’s Cray, and to Messrs. Booth, of Hamburg; and for 
fronds to Mr. J. Henderson, of Wentworth. 

It is in the Catalogues of Messrs. Sim, of Foot’s Cray; E. 
G. Henderson, of St. John’s Wood; Veitch, of Chelsea; A. 
Henderson, of Pine-apple Place; Kennedy, of Covent Garden; 
Cooling, of Derby; Booth, of Hamburg; and Stansfield, of 
Todmorden. 

The illustration is from a plant in my own collection. 


ASPIDIUM PODOPHYLLUM 
XXXIV—VOL. 6. 


ASPIDIUM PODOPHYLLUM.—BARREN FROND. 
: YX¥YV—VOL. 6, 


Ba en Oh 
in ‘gis ey Ne Ree” toe, 20 
an; es Fe reeey 
\ eS 


< 


ani AN 


Pinna of mature fertile Frond, under side, 


ASPIDIUM PODOPHYLLUM. 


HOoKER. 


PLATES XXXIV AND XXXV. VOL. VI. 


Aspidium Sieboldi, Van Houtte. Merten. 
Lastrea podophylla, J. SMITH. 
Pycnopteris Sieboldi, Moore. 
Lastrea Siebolda, Moores, 
Aspidium—The Shield Fern. Podophyllum—Foot-stalk leaved. 


(From the circumstance that the basal pinnz have foot-stalks. ) 


In THE Section LASTREA OF AUTHORS. 


A very handsome and distinct Fern, having fertile fronds 
different to the barren fronds. 

An evergreen greenhouse species, at least usually considered 
as such, but said to be hardy enough in our English climate, 
having survived the winter of 1854-5 in the open air. 

Native of Japan, and China, (in the neighbourhood of Hong- 


Kong.) 
The fronds, which are leathery in consistency, are pinnate, 
VOL. VI. P 


98 ASPIDIUM PODOPHYLLUM. 


broad, smooth, and having very few thick pinne, usually seven, 
obliquely oblong-lanceolate, falcate, and being serrulate irregu- 
larly; the lowest stalked, and unequally cordate at the base; 
the upper pinne sessile and decurrent. 

The pinne of the barren fronds are somewhat undulated. 
The stipes exceedingly stout at the base, where it is covered 
with long, narrow, pointed scales. 

In the fertile fronds, which are entirely covered with sori, 
the stipes is longer, and the pinne are more contracted. 

Sorl very large and numerous, being a large mass of elevated 
spore-cases irregularly bi-tri-serial, at first pale green, and 
afterwards black. 

Veins having club-shaped apices. 

Rhizoma erect. 

Introduced into Great Britain by M. Van Houtte, of Ghent, 
in 1852. 

This species was discovered in China, by Dr. Von Siebold. 

Stipes scaly below, ebeneous, except along the under edge, 
where green. 

Fronds adherent to a broad rhizoma. 

Length of frond from twelve to fifteen inches, the leafy 
portion being as broad as it is long. Breadth of barren pinne 
one inch and three quarters; of fertile pinne an inch. Length 
of stipes of barren frond from three to four inches, and of 
fertile frond five inches. 

Colour of frond a dull green, paler beneath. 

Aspidium podophyllum has the venation of a Polystichum, and 
the fructification of a Lastrea. 

My thanks are due to Mr. Joseph Henderson, of Wentworth; 
and to Mr. Stansfield, of Todmorden, for plants of this species; 
and to Messrs. Veitch, Jun., of Chelsea; Mr. J. Henderson, 
of Wentworth; Mr. G. Norman, of Hull; Mr. J. W. Jeans, 
of Grantham; and to M. Schott, Director of the Imperial Gar- 
dens of Vienna, for fronds. 

It is in the Catalogues of Messrs. Veitch, of Chelsea; E. G. 
Henderson, of St. John’s Wood; A. Henderson, of Pine-apple 
Place; Sim, of Foot’s Cray; Rollisson, of Tooting; Masters, of 
Canterbury; Booth, of Hamburg; Cooling, of Derby; Young, 
of ‘Taunton; and Stansfield, of Todmorden. 

The illustrations are from a plant in my own collection. 


ASPIDIUM CORIACEUM. 


XXXVI--Vou. 6. 


tP ae 

ee 
et 
eh, 


Portion of pinna of mature Frond, under side, 


ASPIDIUM CORIACEUM. 


LOWE. 


PLATE  XXAViw® VOL. VI. 


Polystichum coriaceum, J. SMiru. 
4 flexum, Or Sim’s CataLoGueE. 
Aspidium—The Shield Fern. Coriaceum—Leathery. 


IN THE SEcTION POLYSTICHUM OF AUTHORS. 


A NOBLE evergreen species, only to be found in the larger 
collections. 

A very dissimilar Fern has been for some years under culti- 
vation, bearing the above name, and which is the <Asprdiwm 
corvaceum of Swartz. 


100 ASPIDIUM CORIACEUM. 


A warm greenhouse or stove Fern. 

Native of the south of Africa—Cape of Good Hope. 

Fronds triangular in form, spreading, erect in habit, stout, 
dull green, tripinnate; pinnules pinnatifid and slightly recurved. 

Stipes and rachis everywhere hirsute, with broad dark scales 
scattered here and there, darker and larger near the base. 
Stipes very stout. 

Rhizoma densely scaly, and creeping. 

Sorl copious, occupying the whole frond, smaller than in 
A. capense. 

Length of frond thirty-six inches; width at base about twenty 
inches. Stipes sixteen inches in length. 

For a plant and fronds of this Fern I am indebted to Mr. 
R. Sim, of Foot’s Cray. 

It may be procured of Mr. R. Sim. 


The illustration is from a plant in my own collection. 


ASPIDIUM VILLOSUM.—PORTION OF FRONOD. 
XXXVII—-VOL. 6. 


Pinna of mature Frond, under side, 


ASPIDIUM VILLOSUM. 


SWARTZ. SCHKUHR. Kunze. FEE. PETIVER. SLOAN. 


FLUATEo ASX VIL | VOL Vi. 


Lastrea villosa, Presi. J. SMITH. 
- ie Moore anp Hovtston, 

Polypodium villosum, Swartz. PLUMIER. 

Aspidium—The Shield Fern. Villosum—Hairy. 


In THE SEcTION LASTREA OF AUTHORS. 


Tuis giant Fern of the section Lastrea is a noble species when 
well grown. 


An evergreen stove species. 

Native of the West Indies, Jamaica, and Caribbee. 

Introduced into the Royal Gardens, Kew, in 1844, by Mr. 
N. Wilson. 

Fronds triangularly elongate, tri-quadripinnate; pinnules ob- 
Jong-linear, rather obtuse, deeply pinnatifid; segments oblong, 
apex circular. 

Frond very hairy, terminal, adherent to an arborescent caudex. 

Rachis and stipes completely coyered with narrow fringed scales. 


1 ASPIDIUM VILLOSUM. 


Length of frond from ten to twelve feet; colour pale green. 

Sori medial. 

Indusium glandulose. 

For fronds of this Fern I am indebted to Messrs. Veitch, 
Jun., of the Exotic Nursery, Chelsea. 

It may be procured of Messrs. Veitch, of Chelsea; A. Hen- 
derson, of Pine-apple Place; and Kennedy, of Covent Garden. 

The illustration is from a frond sent by Messrs. Veitch. 


ASPIDIUM VESTITUM. 
XXXVI Von. 6. 


ae tae 


ae 
” 


=e 


Pinna of mature Frond, under side. 


ASPIDIUM VESTITUM. 


Swartz. ScHkunrR. Kunze. KAvuLruss, 
not of SIEBER, nor of WILLDENOW. 


PLATE XXXVIII. VOL. VI. 


Polystichum vestitum, Prest. J. SMITH. 
ks Moore anp Hovutston. Fre, 
Polypodium vestitum, Forster, not of Ranppt. 
Aspidium—The Shield Fern. 7estitum—Clothed. 


In THE SEcTION PoLysTICHUM OF AUTHORS. 


THis most interesting species is not generally cultivated, 
except in our best collections. It has a more dwarf growth 
than most of the species in the section Polystichum, and makes 
a very pretty specimen plant. 

An evergreen greenhouse species. 

Native of New Zealand, ‘Tasmania, (Van Diemen’s Land,) 
New Holland, and Chili. | 

The present species must not be confounded with the Lastrea 
vestita of J. Smith, nor with the Polystichum proliferum of 
Pres]: it is not unlike the latter, except in being more rigid, 


104 ASPIDIUM VESTITUM. 


having a much longer stipes, and not being viviparous at the 
apex. 

Fronds rigid, bipinnate, almost lanceolate in form, having 
oblong-acute pinne, with rather ovate pinnules, in some degree 
auriculate; base wedge-shaped, only one or two pairs are distinct, 
the remainder being confluent, with a sharp mucronate tooth 
on the apex. 

Fronds terminal, adherent to a tufted rhizoma, the lower half 
of the frond naked. 

Rachis and stipes densely clothed with narrow scales. 

Length of frond from twelve to eighteen inches; colour rich 
dark green. 

Introduced into the Royal Gardens, Kew, in the year 1842, 
having been received from Mr. J. Edgerley. 

My obligations are due to Mr. J. Henderson, of Wentworth, 
for fronds of this species. 

It is in the Catalogues of Messrs. Sim, of Foot’s Cray; and 
Kennedy, of Covent Garden. 

The illustration is from a frond sent by Mr. Joseph Henderson. 


fi nam Ge hae es 
gtr Am nye ee 
oie eRe Seer 
BS 
Y . ee ee 


ASPIDIUM CONIIFOLIUM, 
XXXIX—VOL. 6. 


ee 


* 


Gs, 


we re - & ‘5 


Portion of pinna of mature Frond, under side. 


ASPIDIUM CONIIFOLIUM. 


WALLICH. KUNZE. 


PLATE XXRIRs, VOI VE 


Aspidium carvifolium, KUNZE. 
Polystichum coniifolium, Presi. J. SmitH. FExr. 
He ¥ Moore anp Hovtston. 
es aristatum, Or GARDENS. 
Aspidium—The Shield Fern. Coniifolium—Hemlock-leaved. 


In THE Section Potysticuoum or AUTHORS. 


ANOTHER very beautiful Fern, well worthy a place in every 
collection. . 

An evergreen stove species. 

Native of the East Indies, the Island of Ceylon, and the 
Philippine Islands. 

Introduced into the Royal Gardens, Kew, in 1841, by Mr. 
G. Gardner. 

Fronds deltoid, tri-quadripinnate; the pinnules oblong-ovate, 
acute, pinnatifid; base cuneate, the margin haying spinose- 
mucronate teeth. The basal pinnules very large. 

VOL. VI. Q 


106 ASPIDIUM CONIIFOLIUM. 


Stipes fifteen inches in length, circular, very hirsute, with 
brown hairs, which are considerably longer near the base. 

Sori large, very copious, eventually becoming confluent, 
covering the whole under side of the frond, almost touching 
each other before shedding the indusium; at first white, and 
when mature reddish brown. 

Indusium reniform; the entire frond covered beneath with 
sori. 

Fronds lateral, adherent to a small creeping rhizoma. 

Length of frond thirty inches; width at the base fourteen 
inches; colour deep shining green. 

My thanks are due to Mr. R. Sim, of Foot’s Cray; Mr. J. 
Smith, of the Royal Gardens, Kew; and to Messrs. E. G. 
Henderson, for plants of this species; and to Mr. G. Norman, 
of Hull, for fronds. 

It is in the Catalogues of Messrs. Sim, of Foot’s Cray; 
EK. G. Henderson, of St. John’s Wood; Rollisson, of Tooting; 
Veitch, of Chelsea; and Kennedy, of Covent Garden. 

The illustration is from a plant in my own collection. 


Portion of pinna of mature Frond, under side. 


ASPIDIUM 


CAPENSE. 


SWARTZ. WILLDENOW. 


PLATE Xl. 

Tectaria coriacea, 

“ — Calahuala, 
Polystichum coriaceum, 

“ce ee 

4 capense, 
Rumohra aspidioides, 
Aspidium coriaceum, 

66 sé 

6c 6é 

* macroporum, 

cy discolor, 
Polypodium argentatum, 

_ coriaceum, 

«-  adiantiforme, 

i politum, 


Aspidium—The Shield Fern. 


VOL. VI. 


LINK. 

CAVANILLES. 

Rotu. J. Smitu. Fer. 

Scuott. PREstL. 

J. SmitH. Moors anp Hovutston. 
Rapp. 

Swartz. Scukuur. Kunze. 
LANGSDORFF AND FISCHER. 
Kavutruss. Sprencet. R. Brown. 
Bory. 

LANGSDORFF AND FISCHER. 

J ACQUIN. 

SWARTZ. 

FORSTER. 

DESVAUX. 


Capense—Cape. 


IN THE Section PonysticHuM oF AUTHORS. 


A WELL-KNOWN large-growing Fern, with a drooping habit, 


108 ASPIDIUM CAPENSE. 


and not unfrequently found in our English collections under 
the name of Polypodium coriaceum, yet very different from the 
species figured on Plate XXXVI., and which appears to be 
the true plant of Willdenow. 

An evergreen stove species. 

Native of the Mauritius, the Cape of Good Hope, Jamaica, 
Brazil, Chili, New Holland, and New Zealand. 

Fronds glabrous, deltoid, tripinnate; pinnules oblong-lanceo- 
late-acute, pinnatifid, wedge-shaped at the base, and have obtuse 
dentate segments. | : 

Fronds lateral, adherent to a decumbent, stout, densely scaly, 
coespitose rhizoma. 

Length of frond from thirty to forty inches; colour deep green. 

Sori large. Indusium reniform. 

Introduced into the Royal Gardens, Kew, in 1823, by Mr. 
J. Bowie. 

My thanks are due to Captain Legard, of Kirby Misperton, 
Yorkshire, and to Mrs. Delves, of Tunbridge Wells, for plants 
of this species. 

It is in the Catalogues of Messrs. Sim, of Foot’s Cray; E. G. 
Henderson, of St. John’s Wood; Rollisson, of Tooting; A. 
Henderson, of Pine-apple Place; Veitch, Jun., of Chelsea; 
Cooling, of Derby; Booth and Son, of Hamburg; Masters, of 
Canterbury; Kennedy, of Covent Garden; and Stansfield, of 
Todmorden. 

The illustration is from a plant in my own collection. 


FRONOD, 


PORTION OF 


ASPIDIUM SPINULOSUM. 


XLI—Vou. 6. 


“1 ® 


Pa 


an en ne € 
ere Wea 


5 
EG 
7“ 


ne 


e 
FAQ 


Jeena = =H) 
ay x EZ 
rO9 C\ VES 
Ge, ZOE & 
M 3 


Portion of pinna of mature Frond, under side, 


° 


ASPIDIUM SPINULOSUM. 


SWARTZ. 


Link. FEEs. 


PLATE XLI. 


Polystichum spinosum, 
Lastrea spinulosa, 

66 66 
spinosa, 
cristata var. spinulosa, 
dilatata var. linearis, 
Polypodium spinulosum, 

¢  filtx-foemina var. spinosa, 
Lophodium spinosum, 


66 


Aspidium—The Shield Fern. 


VOL. 


SCHKUHR, (not of WILLDENOW.) KUNZE. 
Scootr, MS. 


nie 


Rorvu. 

Prest. Linptey anp Moore. 
J. SMitH. BaBincGTon. 
Newman. DEakIN. 

Moore. 

BaABINGTON,. 

MULLER. 

WEIS. 

NEWMAN. 


Spinulosum—Prickly. 


In tHE SEcTIonN LAsTREA OF AUTHORS. 


An indigenous British species, often confounded with <Aspi- 
dium dilatatum, Plate XXVII., vol. vi., which some of its 


varied forms closely resemble. 


110 ASPIDIUM SPINULOSUM. 


A hardy deciduous Fern. 


Native of England. 
Fronds erect; bipinnate, narrow, and ovate-lanceolate; the 


margins nearly parallel below, and glabrous. Pinne numerous; 
the lower ones distant and sub-opposite, the upper ones elon- 
gate, alternate, triangular, and stalked, the stalk twisted so as 
to make them stand nearly horizontal. Pinnules oblong, inciso- 
pinnatifid, having serrate spinose mucronate lobes. 

Sori medial. Indusium entire on the margin. 

Stipes having broad, ovate, pale brown scales, crowded near 
the base and more remote upwards. 

Terminal; adherent to a somewhat tufted rhizoma. 

Length of frond from twelve to thirty-six inches; colour pale 


yellowish green. 


ASPIDIUM CANARIENSE—PORTION OF FROWD. | PUBLIG 


KLI|-VoL. 6. SBR AY 


Portion of pinna of mature Frond, under side. 


ASPIDIUM CANARIENSE. 


WILLDENOW. ? 


PLATE XLII. VOL. VI. 


Aspidium Ludovicianum, Hort. 
Lastrea Canariense, Hort. 
. Ludoviciana, Hort. 
Cystopteris Canariensis, PRESL. ? 
Aspidium—The Shield Fern. Canariense—Canary Island Fern. 


In THE Section LAsTREA or -AUTHORS. 


THE <Aspidium Canariense is an interesting very distinct 
Fern; 3 

The fronds are bipinnate, membranaceous, and triangularly 
elongate in form; apices acuminate. Pinne linear-lanceolate, 
with acuminate apices. Pinnules oblong-ovate, basal ones pin- 
natifid; margin dentate. Pinne and pinnules distant. 

Veins forked. 


Sori uniserial, distant, and conspicuous. 


112 ASPIDIUM CANARIENSE. 


Stipes and rachis very scaly. Rachis creeping, and scaly; 
scales pale in colour. 

he fronds horizontal or pendulous, widest at the base. 

Length of frond twenty-four inches, of which the lower 
seven inches is naked. Colour dull green. 

For plants and fronds I am indebted to Messrs. Sim, of 
Foot’s Cray, and Booth, of Hamburg. 

A. Canariense may be procured of Mr. R. Sim, of Foot’s 
Cray. 

‘The illustration is from a plant in my own collection. 


ASPIDIUM FRONDOSUM—PORTION OF FROND. 
XLINI—VoL. 6. 


Pinna of mature Frond, under side. 


ASPIDIUM FRONDOSUM. 


LOWE. 


FOATE XLT. VOR. y 1. 


Polystichum frondosum, J. SMitn. 
Nephrodium leta-virens, Lowe. 
Aspidium—The Shield Fern. Frondosum—Leafy. 


In THE Secrion PoLystTicHuM OF AUTHORS. 


A MAGNIFICENT Fern with rich shining green fronds. It 
is a species worthy of a place in every collection. A rare Fern. 

An evergreen greenhouse species. 

Native of Madeira. 

Fronds decompound, triangularly elongate. Pinnules pro- 
foundly dentate. Pinne alternate, largest near the base; 
apex of pinne and of frond acuminate. 

Rachis and stipes scaly; in the dried frond straw-coloured. 

Veins branched, semi-transparent, paler in colour than the 
frond. 

You. vi. R 


114 ASPIDIUM FRONDOSUM. 


Length of frond from two to three feet; colour a vivid, 
shining, rich green. | 

I have not as yet been fortunate enough to procure a plant. 

For a frond I am indebted to Mr. R. Sim, of Foot’s Cray. 

It is in the Catalogues of Messrs. Sim, of Foot’s Cray, and 
Stansfield, of ‘'odmorden. 

The illustration is from the frond sent by Mr. R. Sim, of 
Foot’s Cray, Kent. 


ASPIDIUM PTEROIDES, 
XL |V--VOL. 6. 


“4 F 


IG Ap hha 
nc” 


on ote wee Nj VINCI 
; ) : NING NIN 


As 


ZA AA 


Pinna of mature 


LAV ANDO 


KA 


Frond. 


ASPIDIUM PTEROIDES. 


SWARTZ. 


PLATE XLIV. VOL. VI. 


Nephrodium pteroides, J. SMITH. 
Polypodium pteroides, RErTzIvs. 
Aspidium terminans, WALLICH. 
Nephrodium terminans, J: Situ. 

Cuming, J. Smita. 


Aspidium—The Shield Fern. 


Moore & Houtston, Kunze. 
FEE. 


Pteroides—Fern-like. 


In THE Section NEPHRODIUM oF AUTHORS. 


Aspidium pteroides, better known as Nephrodium terminans 


in our British collections, is a handsome Fern, differing more 


especially from others in the same section in the position of 


its fructification. 
An evergreen stove Fern. 


Native of the Kast Indies, the Island of Ceylon, and the 


Philippine Islands. 


Fronds pinnate. Pinne pinnatifid, linear-lanceolate in form, 
petiolulate, in some degree membranous, subcordate at the base, 


and obtusely lobed. 


116 ASPIDIUM PTEROIDES. 


Fronds minutely pubescent on the veins on the under side. 
Lateral, being adherent to a slender creeping rhizoma. 
Sori medial, on either side the primary veins, eventually 
becoming confluent; formed only along the edges of the pinne. 
Length of frond twenty-four inches; colour bright green. 
Introduced into the Royal Gardens, Kew, in 1847, by Mr. 
G. Gardner. 

For plants [ am indebted to Mr. J. Henderson, of Wentworth, 
and to Mr. R. Sim, of Foot’s Cray. 

It can be procured of Messrs. Veitch, of Chelsea; Sim, of 
Foot’s Cray; and Stansfield, of ‘Todmorden. 


‘The illustration is from a plant in my own collection. 


ASPIDIUM CICUTARIUM., 
XLV—-VoL. 6. 


Pinna of mature Frond, upper side. 


ASPIDIUM CICUTARIUM. 


SWARTZ. J. SMITH. 


PisATE ark ive ey Oliv Te 


Polypodium cicutarium, LINNEUS. 
+ hippocrepis, J ACQUIN. 
Sagenia hippocrepis, Prest. Moore ano Houtston. FEx. 
Aspidium hippocrepis, Swartz. PrLumier. Kunze. SPRENGEL. 
< aptfolium, ScHKUHR. 
ss latifolium, PRESL. 
Aspidium—The Shield Fern. Cicutarium—Cow-bane-like. 


In THE SECTION SAGENIA OF SOME AUTHORS. 


A RARE handsome plant, apparently requiring considerable 
care to cultivate it successfully. 

An evergreen stove Fern. 

Native of Jamaica, the West Indies, Mexico, and New 
Grenada. 

The fronds, which are glabrous, are of a triangularly-elongate 
form; bipinnatifid, having oblong-acuminate pinne, and oblong- 
obtuse segments, with a crenate margin. 

Terminal, being adherent to an erect rhizoma. 


Sori produced on the apex of a free veinlet within the 
areoles, somewhat reniform. 


115 ASPIDIUM CICUTARIUM. 


Veins pinnate; venules arcuately anastomosing, forming un- 


equal areoles, with free veinlets. 
Length of frond from twenty-four to thirty-six inches; colour 


light green. 
Introduced into the Royal Gardens, Kew, in the year 1852, 


and into England in 1789. 
For a frond I am indebted to Mr. R. Sim, of Foot’s Cray, 


and Messrs. Veitch, of Chelsea. 


The illustration is from Mr. R. Sim’s frond. 


<n core 
ane ar 


RO 
oli 
4 


ASPIDIUM MACROPHYLLUM. 
XL V|--Vou. 6. 


Fern, Dray. won deve od teehee ae | i : i 

Y often. cuntisest pret i epiietiaee fmf eBid See ai oe a 
X Piste MAL. wf 1 te yalcwe,. _. a 
eo stove ‘Perk. ; : 
Ot at Baki ged) Ainerinn, wd Yee: 
aoighiae een in fine et Bi Se Fodiags 


coe pie. Pe lower e Lig tM. oe Oi hs te 
inline is ier schon ieee. 


+S 


Sofa 


‘= atea072 y- mastieticr 


Pinna of mature Frond, under side, 


ASPIDIUM MACROPHYLLUM. 
Swartz. Ptumier. J. Smita. Moore anp IIoutston. 


Kunze. LeipMaNN. WILLDENOW. 
Rappi. Presi. Petiver. Sprenger. Scaott, MS. 


PRAT ALM I. VOU Te 


Cardiochlena macrophylla, Fer. 

Bathmium macrophylla, Link. 

Aspidium bifidum, PRESL. 

Polypodinum variolatum, WILLDENOW. 
Aspidium—The Shield Fern. Macrophyllum—Large-leaved. 


A FINE Fern, pretty generally cultivated in our English 
collections, yet often confused with Aspidium trifoliatum, Swartz, 
figured on Plate XXIX of this volume. 

An evergreen stove Fern. 

Native of the West Indies, Tropical America, and Brazil. 

Fronds glabrous, oblong-ovate in form; pinnate, the pinne being 
of an oblong-lanceolate-acuminate shape, somewhat membranous, 
petiolulate; base cordate; the lower pair two-lobed, whilst the 
terminal pinna is either three-lobed or sinuately pinnatifid, the 
basal segments being the longest. 


120 ASPIDIUM MACROPHYLLUM. 


Sori reniform, uniserial, on either side the primary veins, 
are commonly situated on the middle of a venule. 

Stipes scaly. Fronds terminal, adherent to an erect fasciculate 
rhizoma. 

Length of frond from twenty-four to thirty inches; colour 
pale green. 

Introduced into the Royal Gardens, Kew, in 1836, having 
been introduced by Messrs. Loddiges, but known in England 
twenty years previous. 

For plants I am indebted to Mr. R. Sim, of Foot’s Cray; 
Mr. Stansfield, of Todmorden; and Messrs. Booth, of Hamburg; 
and for fronds to Mr. R. Sim, and Messrs. Rollisson, of Tooting. 

It is contained in the Catalogues of Messrs. E. G. Henderson, 
of St. John’s Wood; Veitch, of Chelsea; A. Henderson, of Pine- 
apple Place; Booth, of Hamburg; Sim, of Foot’s Cray; Stansfield, 
of ‘Todmorden; Rollisson, of Tooting; Kennedy, of Covent 
Garden; and Cooling, of Derby. 


The illustrations are from plants in my own collection. 


i=: NR WN 
SO: W 


Jz 


Z Ve fig PRP, 


UR 


N 
Eo BF 
é Lippy 


WRI ay 


Y, U, Uy iy, 


Ti 


y LYIYYIS YL yi 
! WEY SY YY 


a NS ee 
j y ; Jott / 


pat y 


ae es yo 


ASPIDIUM UNITUM, 
XLVII—VoL. 6. 


= 


.—_— i. — 


Portion of pinna of mature Frond, under side. 


ASPIDIUM UNITUM. 


SCHKUHR. KUNZE. SWARTZ. PETIVER. 
BURMAN. SPRENGEL. 


PLATE XLVII. VOL. VI. 


Nephrodium unitum, R. Brown. J. Smitu. Scnorv. 
ss - Moore anp Hovtston, 
Prest. FEr. 


é ‘é 


s lucens, Or GARDENS. 
eS propinquum, R. Brown. 
Aspidium—The Shield Fern. Unitum—Joined, or linked. 


In THE Secrion NEPHRODIUM OF AUTHORS. 


THE present species is occasionally met with in collections. 

An evergreen stove Fern. 

Native of Tropical America, New Holland, and India. 

Fronds pinnate; pinne ensiform-lanceolate, from five to six 
inches in length, pinnatifid, with semi-ovate acute segments. 

Petiolulate, and sub-cordate at the base. 

Fronds glandulose; minutely pubescent beneath. Lateral, 
adherent to a creeping rhizoma. 

Stipes, when young, of a reddish colour, and having a few 
scattered scales at the base. 

Sori medial and uniserial. 

VOL. VI. s 


122 ASPIDIUM UNITUM. 


Length of frond from eighteen to twenty-four inches; colour 
a brilliant shining green. 

Introduced into the Royal Gardens, Kew, in 1793. 

For plants of this species .[ am indebted to Mr. R. Sim, 
of Foot’s Cray, and Mr. Masters, of Canterbury; and for 
fronds to Mr. Henderson, of Wentworth, and to Mr. Sim. 

It may be procured of Messrs. EZ. G. Henderson, of St. 
John’s Wood; Sim, of Foot’s Cray; Masters, of Canterbury; 
Booth, of Hamburg; and Kennedy, of Covent Garden. 


The illustration is from a plant in my own collection. 


ASPIDIUM HOOKERI, a 
XLVII|—Vou. 6.: 


45% 


ae 
showed. Ave 


Pinna of mature Frond, under side. 


ASPIDIUM HOOKERI. 


WALLICH. 


PLATE XLVIIl. VOL. ‘VI. 
Nephrodium Hookeri, J. SmitH. Moore anv Hovutston. 


Aspidium—The Shield Fern. Hookeri—Named after Sir W. J. Hooker, 
F.R.S., ete., the Director of the Royal Gardens, Kew. 


In THE Section NEPHRODIUM oF AUTHORS. 


A RARE interesting Fern, best known as the Nephrodium 
Hookert. 

An evergreen stove species. 

Native of the Hast Indies. 

We are indebted to Mr. Henderson, of Wentworth, for 
bringing this Fern into notice. 

Fronds pinnate and elongated; basal pinne diminutive, 
deltoid, deflexed, and gradually increasing in length as they 
ascend the rachis, being on the upper half elongate-acute, 
and. pinnatifid, four inches long, subpetiolate, auriculate, the 
base being truncate-cuneate. 

Sori medial, uniserial, and scattered over the upper half of 


the frond. . 


124 ASPIDIUM HOOKERI. 


The fronds, which are slender, are thirty-six inches long, 
and light green in colour. 

For a plant and fronds I am indebted to Mr. Joseph 
Henderson, of Wentworth. 

It does not appear to be in the Nurserymen’s Catalogues. 

The illustration is from Mr. Henderson’s frond. 


ASPIDIUM ARTICULATUM. 
Yi 1Y—Vou. 6. 


i, -+ 


Pinna of fertile Frond, under side. 


ASPIDIUM ARTICULATUM. 


Lowe, (not of Swartz nor SPRENGEL. ) 


PLATE XLIX. VOL. VI. 


Nephrodium articulatum, J. SmitruH. Moorrt & Houtston. 


Aspidiwm—The Shield Fern. Articulatum—2Jointed. 
In THE Section NEPHRODIUM OF AUTHORS. 


AN evergreen stove species. 

Native of the Island of Ceylon. 

Fronds glabrous, pinnate, lanceolate in shape. Pinne linear- 
lanceolate, pinnatifid, subpetiolate, bluntly wedge-shaped at the 
base, and articulated with the rachis. 

Stipes scaly. Fronds terminal, being adherent to a thick 
creeping rhizoma. 

Rachis of a pale chocolate colour. 

Sori medial and uniserial. 


126 ASPIDIUM ARTICULATUM. 


Length of frond from fifty to sixty inches; colour deep 
green. 

Introduced into the Royal Gardens, Kew, by Dr. Gardner, 
in the year 1846. 

For fronds of this Fern J am indebted to Mr. T. Moore, 
Curator of the Botanic Gardens, Chelsea, and to Mr. R. Sim, 
of Foot’s Cray, Kent. 

It may be procured of Messrs. Veitch, of Chelsea; A. 
Henderson, of Pine-apple Place; and Stansfield, of ‘todmorden. 

The illustration is from a frond forwarded by Mr. 'l. Moore, 
of Chelsea. 


ASPIOIUM COADUNATUM. 


|—VOL. 6. 


bt at Ako Pindch re 


ey saieots Bs picasa pe 


¥ 


Pinna of barren Frond, under side. 


ASPIDIUM COADUNATUM. 


WaLLicH. HOooKER AND GREVILLE. J. SMITH. KUNZE. 


PLATE “Bb. : VODs VE. 


Sagenta coadunata, J. Smiru. Moore anp Hou.ston. 
z hippocrepis, Prest, (not of Swartz.) 
“ Macrodonta, Fre. 
Aspidium—The Shield Fern. Coadunatum— United. 


In THE SEcTION SAGENIA OF SOME AUTHORS. 


AN evergreen stove Fern. 

Native of the East Indies and the Island of Ceylon. 

Fronds glabrous, bipinnate, triangularly-elongate in form; the 
pinne also triangularly-elongate, acuminate, the inferior pinnules 


128 ASPIDIUM COADUNATUM. 


being far apart; superior pinnules pinnatifid, having a profound- 
crenate edge, and a decurrent base. 

Sori somewhat reniform. 

Veins pinnate, the venules anastomosing. 

Fronds terminal, adherent to a stout, scaly, and somewhat 
creeping rhizoma. 

Stipes at the base thickly scattered over with narrow scales. 

Length of frond from twenty-four to thirty-six inches; colour 
pale green. 

Introduced into the Royal Gardens, Kew, in 1845, by Mr. 
G. Gardner. 

My thanks are due to Mr. J. Henderson, of Wentworth, 
for a plant of this Fern; and to Mr. R. Sim, of Foot’s Cray, 
for fronds. 

It is in the Catalogues of Messrs. Veitch, of Chelsea; Sim, 
of Foot’s Cray; and Booth, of Hamburg. 

The illustration is from a frond forwarded by Mr. R. Sim. 


GLOSSARY FOR VOL VI. 


a 


{The present Glossary contains descriptions of such terms as are not described in 
the other volumes. It must be therefore considered as a continuation of those 
given in the other volumes. ] 


_ Alternate——When apparently disposed without regularity; thus 
alternate pinne are when the pinne are not opposite to each 
other. 

Anterior —Placed in front of others, or outwardly with respect to the 
axis about which they are arranged. 

Arborescent.—The form of a tree. Thus an arborescent caudex has a 
tree-like stem. 

Aristate —Awned. 

Bacciform.—Bearing berries, or having a succulent nature like that of 
berries. 

Ciliato-serrate—When marginal serratures have stiffish hairs. 

Circlet.—Placed in a ring. 

Channelled.—Hollowed out, resembling a gutter. 

Cordate-auriculate—Having heart-shaped ears. 

Costeform.—Rib-shaped. 

Cuculate—Hooded. Where the edges are curved inwards, or rolled 
up like the point of a slipper. 

Decumbent.—Reclining upon the ground, and rising again from it at 
the apex. 

Depauperated.—Empoyerished. When the branches or segments are 
almost wanting. 

Excurrent.—Extending beyond the usual limits. 

Eccentric.—Not having the same centre. 

Fascicled.—Where several similar parts originate at the same spot, and 
are collected together as in a bundle. 

Glandular.—Furnished with glands. 

Inciso-lobate.—Lobes deeply cut, or divided. 

Inciso-pinnatijid.—So deeply cut as to approach a pinnate form. 

VOL. VI. U 


130 GLOSSARY. 


Indigenous.—Belonging to a place. Thus, indigenous to England, is 
belonging to England. 

Inferior.—Below. Thus, inferior base is the lowest base. 

Mucronate.—Abruptly pointed by a sharp, stiff, spinous point. 

Vormal.—Typical or ordinary form. Thus, normal form does not 
deviate from the ordinary form. 

Obsolete.—Disused. 

Orbicular.—Circular, or round. 

Ovate-falcate.—Of a curved, oval, or egg-shaped form. 

Paleaceous.—Chaffy. ‘Thus, a paleaceous rachis is when the rachis is 
very scaly. 

Peltate.—Fixed to the stalk by the centre, or by some point within 
the margin, 2. ¢., not at the edge. The attachment of the stalk 
to the leaf of the Zropg@olum is a familiar illustration. 

Petiolate.—Furnished with a petiole or stalk. 

Petiolulate.—When the leaflets are stalked. 

Persistent.—Remaining beyond the ordinary period. 

Repand.—Having an uneven slightly wavy margin. 

Semi-erect.—Partly erect. 

Sinuately-pinnatifid.—Unevenly pinnatifid, aiternately with deep eoncav- 
ities and convexities. 

Sub-faleate-—The word sub means somewhat, or a near approach to 
the term to which it is appended. Thus, sub-falcate is scarcely 
curved, or curved in a slight degree. 

Sub-marginal.—Almost marginal. 

Sub-rhomboidal.—Almost_ rhomboid. 

Squamulous.—Covered with small scales. 

Superior base.—Upper base. 

Triangularly-elongate.-—A lengthened triangular form. 

Tri-quadripinnate.—Three times quadripinnate. 

Tomentum.—Short closely-matted hairs, or woolly pubescence. 

Truncate-dimidiate.-—Imperfectly truncate. 

Trapezio-oblong.—A lengthened trapezoidal form. 

Umbilicate.—Having a depression in the centre. Also with an eleva- 
tion in the centre. Known as a boss 

_ Undulated.— Wavy. 


TNC Xa BOON, © Levee 


[Those Ferns having an authority attached, are the respective names adopted in 
this Work, of which a description, together with a Coloured Illustration and one or . 
more Woodcuts, is given. Names not having an authority attached, are those adopted 
by other authors, and are therefore to be found under other names, ] 


PAGE. 
Acrostichum thelypteris 55 
Adiantum fructicosum 19 
lunulatum ‘ . 19 
Aspidiuni aculeatum. Swartz 23, 
49, 50, 51, 67, 68 

var. lobatum 51 

var. lobatum-incisum 51 

var. lonchitidioides 51 

var. multifidum 51 

var. proliferum 51 
acuminatum. Willdenow 37 
acrostichoides. Swartz 57 

affine ; : 41 
angulare. Kitaibel 23, 50, 

51, 67, 68 

var. acutum 68 

var. alatum . 69 

var. angustatum 69, 71 

var. aristatum 68, 71 

var. biserratum 69, 71 

var. decompositum 70 

var. depauperatum 69 

var. dissimile 69, 70 

var. hastulatum 68 

var. imbricatum 69, 70 

var. incisum . 69 

var. intermedium 69, 70 

var. irregulare 69 

var. multifidum 68 


PAGE, 


Aspidium angulare var. premorsum 69 
var. proliferum 69, 70, 71 


var. sub-tripinnatum __ 69, 
raga 

var. tripinnatum 70, 71 
apifolium LT 
argutum fe ols Os 
articulatum. Lowe 125 
asperum 65 
augescens. Link 35 
auriculatum 20267 
bifidum ‘ : 119 
Boothii : : 63 
Braunii . 5 67 
Canariense. Willidenow 111, 
112 

carvifolium meta 
capense. Swartz . 100, 107 
cicutarium. Swartz 117 
coadunatum. Wallich 127 
coniifolium. Wallich 105 
coriaceum. Lowe . 99, 107 
cristatum. Swartz 53, 59, 
60, 61 

var. callipteris 59 
cultratum 19 
decompositum. Kunze 73, 95 
decurrens. Lowe 25 
decursive-pinnatum 25 


132 INDEX. 


PAGE, PAGE, 
Aspidium depastum . : Al Aspidium lunulatum . ieee 
dilatatum. Swartz 77, 78, 80 lobatum . 7 49, 69 
var. alpinum pean OOO var. lonchitidioides . 49 
var. angustum 78, 80 macrophyllum. Swartz 119 - 
var. Chanterie . 78, 80 macroporum . - S107 
var. collinum . 18,79 marginale. Swartz . 27. 
var. dumetorum 18,19 molle. Swartz . Ey, 
var. glandulosum 78, 80 mucronatum. Swartz . 91 
var.nanum . 48, 79 munitum . a tire 50 
var. Tanacetifolium 77, 78, nemorale oo) Sse a een 
79 nevadense o> a as 
CISCOLOR. wien, Sale ie LOL noveboracense o. eS 
discretum opeauts 49 ocellatum >. =. 2). Suaeao 
Donianum seat ye) eae odoriferum . : . 53 
dumetorum . 3 Pare! oligodonton ; : 75 
elongatum. Swartz . 75 oreopteris. Swartz 4A, 51 
erosum . : OE KS) ottonianum . . . 35 
falcinellum. Swartz 29 paleaceum ° : 42 
faleatum. Swartz . 33 pallidum ee 
filix-mas. Swartz 23,41, ! palustre. ° . 55 
44, 47, 64,75 | patentisimum . . 42 
varineisum ..i/:. AL | pica ae ee 
var. paleaceum . 41, 42 Plukenetii. é . 49 
var. pumilum eae tf podophyllum. Hooker 97, 98 
var.recurvum . ~ AT | proliferum. Brown 11, 39 
(See Lastrea filix-mas for | pubescens. Swartz 73, 95 
varieties.) pulcherrimum : aig 
foenisecil . anes eiey Ome.| pumilum. Lowe 43, 47, 
fragrans : : 63 48, 89 
frondosum. Lowe 113, 138 | pungens. Kaulfuss Ae 
glabellum. Lowe Suno pteroides. Swartz . 115 
Goldianum. Fee ; 83 | rigidum. Swartz 63, 64 
Goldieanum . 4. - 69,83 semicordatum . : 15 
hastulatum ‘ Z 67 | serra. , 5 ooo 
heracleifolium : . 85 Sieboldi . : : 97 
ee ‘ e : ae | ee eae raps 59, 
ookeri. allic : 61, 77, 78, 79, 80, 109 
Inequale . : ye NET | var. uliginosum 59, 62 
intermedium Zan es ee 0 squamatum if SSE WLS 
lancastriense : 59 squamosum .. i aig 
latifolium  . : aay ge terminans é ee lD 
lentum : Ree 260; thelypteris. Swartz 55, 89 
lonchitis. Swartz . 65 thelypteroides. Swartz 89 
var. multifidum  . 66 trifoliatum. Swartz . 85 
var, proliferum nes) truncatulum : : 19 
Ludovicianum . ey bee truncatum : ong 


INDEX. 133 

PAGE. PAGE 

Aspidium uliginosum . . 51 Lastrea cristata . 23, 59 
unitum. Schkuhr yA cristata major EP GAt 
vestitum. Swartz 39, 103 var. spinosa . LUG 
villosum. Swartz . 101 var. uliginosa . » 69 
violascens : = . 87 decurrens . P 25, 26 
Wallichianum P 42 decursive-pinnata . 25, 26 
Asplenium filix-foemina . . 44 decomposita 0: 9D 
VET, CHSPi, + pee - 80 dilatata . iP teal 75. OO 
proliferum . . rerkd var. alpina. ‘ 8] 
ramosum . : : 19 var. angusta in habe a8, 
Athyrium thelypteris : . 55 var. Chanteriz : 81 
Bathmium macrophyllum . 119 var. collina . 78, 80, 81 
trifoliatum . : . 85 var. deltoidea . ; 80 
Cardiochlena macrophylla . 119 | var. distans ; cs 
Cyclopeitis semicordata. J. Smith var. dumetorum_.. 80, 81 
15 | var. fuscipes . . 80 

Cyrtomium faleatum . 33, 34 | var. glandulosa _. 78, 80 
Cystopteris Canariensis . 111 | var. linearis .  . 109 
Dichasium patentissimum . 42 | var. micromera . 80 
Didymochlena truncatula. J. Smith | var. maculata. Sr he 
19, 20 | var. multifida . : 80 

lunulata . - : . 19 | var. nana . 78, 80, 81 
pulcherrima ete 19 | Vare OUUUSS sn Ob 
Sinvosam ses = ore. 2919, 20 | var. pumila De) say 
squamata . ; : 19 var. Schofieldii ; 81 
Diplazium pulcherrimum . 29 var. Smithii ; . 80 
Dryopteris abbreviata . «AV var. tanacetifolia . 80 
affinis . ‘ ‘: . Al var. vallida : tet! 
Borreri : . F 4 : elongata. é ae to 
cristata . ° . Sa, | erosa : ‘ ee AL 
dilatata c ; : Ti. filix-mas . ; . 23, 41 
filix-mas . . i an, Sis var. abbreviata . 43, 47 

var. abbreviata . AZ yaraatinise §. ™% 43 
thelypteris . : 55 | var. Borreri : . 42 
Fadyenia prolifera. Looker vit) var. crispa ss. 45 
Hemestheum montanum . oe OSE var. cristata 42, 43, 44, 
thelypteris . ‘ ; 55:4 45, 46 
Hypopeltis lobulata . : et OF) var deorso-lobata 438, 44 
Lastrea acuminata : A AYP ta, var. dichotoma . , de 
affnis . : ‘ ae var erosa , . 43, 44 
alpina. : ae Ded rt. var. incisa . . 48, 45 
augescens . ee oe var. multifida . . 42, 43 
callipteris . A “ 59 var. paleacea 42, 44, 45, 46 
Canariense . : eb var. polydactyla 43, 44, 45 
Chanterie . ° ° 78 var. producta . : 43 
collina . - - ey i) var. prolifera. . 43 


134 
PAGE 
Tuastrea filix-mas, var. pseudo-mas 42 
var. pumila 43 
var. recurvum 43 
var. subintegra . 43, 47 
var. triangularis 43 
glabella . 93 
glandulosa . ; 78 
Goldiana . 83 
Ludoviciana Led 
marginalis : 27 
maculata : 78 
multiflora é eae hE 
var. collina 78 
var. dilatata . EI 
var. nana 78 
montana ; . 53 
noveboracense ; 89 
oreopteris 23, 53 
var. crispa 54, 
var. truncata 54 
paleacea 41 
patentissima . , Al 
podophylla . is 
pumila . AT 
var. abbreviata . 47, 48 
var. subintegra 47, 48 
pubescens 73 
recurva . ° . 23 
*  yigida. - . 23, 63 
Rileyana Roath Uy 37 
serra . ° ‘ 35 
Sieboldi . ‘ : poy 
spinosa ee Lt) 
spinulosa 23, 109 
thelypteris . 23, 55 
thely pteroides Soetess. 
uliginosa . 59, 61 
vestita . 103 
villosa 101 
Lephodium abbreviatum . 47 
callipteris 59 
collinum ; 78 
erosum Al 
filix-mas : 41 
glanduliferum . 78 
glandulosum . 78 


! 


ee eee eee eee SSeS 


INDEX. 


PAGE. 

Lephodium multiflorum var. nana 78 
rigidum 63 
spinosum . 109 
uliginosum . 59 
Lepidonevron acuminatum 37 
Nephrodium articulatum 125 
acrosticboides . 57 
cristatum . meahpe er si 
Cumingii ; ° . 115 
decompositum . , 95 
glabellum ° -. 93 
Goldianum . ; : 83 
Hooker . : . 128 
leeta-virens ‘ Cea tcl Ss: 
lucens . : ; - dak 

molle , : 87 
marginale . ., 27 
ottonis : A 35 
pallidum : 63 
propinquum . 121 
pteroides ° HLS 
pubescens . , 73, 87 
Sloanei . ° ° 91 
terminans . : 115 
thelypteris 55 
thelypteroides 89 
unitum + 121 
Onoclea obtusiloba os 
obtusilobata . : Pay 
sensibilis. ZLinneus 7 
Phanerophlebia nephrolepis 15 


Phegopteris decursive-pinnatum 25 
Polypodium aculeatum 31, 49, 67 


adiantiforme 107 
angulare 67 
appendiculatum . 67 
argentatum nel OF: 
aristatum . : : 78 
caducum ; - 15 
callipteris . , 59 
cicutarium eye 
coriaceum . 107 
cristatum . 59, 77 
decursive-pinnatum 25 
dilatatum 77 
elongatum 75 


Polystichum acrostichoides . 57 


aculeatum . 23, 49 
var. lobatum . . 49 
var. lonchitidioides . 49 


affine . ; , eee Al 
angulare . 23, 67 
aristatum =» . ~ 105 


Sagenia coadunata 
hippocrepis 
macrodonta 

Tectaria Calahuala 
coriacea 


seer lls 


e 


INDEX. 
PAGE, 

Polypodium faleatum , . 33 Polypodium Braunii 
filix-mas . : : 41 callipteris 
filix-foemina, var. spinosa 109 capense . 
fragrans 53, 63 coniifolium . 
heleopteris . 41, 63 coriaceum 
hippocrepis : 117 cristatum 
japonicum : : . 33 dilatatum 
limbospermum , BeOS falcinellum . 
lobatum : : . 49 filix-mas 
lonchitis . : Oe flexum : 
marginale ; * ara frondosum 
montanum . : a Oe Grevillianum 
Whores TL lonchitis 
nemorale . : ve AL lobatum 
noveboracense : Rots) montanum 
nymphale . Sine eaey st mucronatum 
oreopteris 4 ‘ . 53 oreopteris 
pics : ‘ Reels) Plukenetii . 
Plukenetii ° . 49 | proliferum 
politum - : 107 pungens 
pteroides < . 53, 115 rigidum . 
pubescens . ; 73, 87 splnosum 
rigidum . : : . 63 | spinulosum 
setiferum . ‘ we GF stramineum 
spinulosum 109 | strigosum 
tanacetifolium Sr et: tanacetifolium 
thelypteris : 53, 55 | thelypteris 
trifoliatum . ° AS | vestitum 
variolatum 119 | Pycnopteris Sieboldi 
vestitum 13 Rhagiopteris obtusiloba 
villosum . 101 Rumohra aspidioides 


Tegularia adiantifolia 


Thelypteris palustris 


elit; 


59 

77 

: 29 
4) 

. 99 
. 113 

: 11 
23, 65 
49 

53 

91 

53 

: 49 
39, 103 
31, 39 
~ 43 
109 

= %7 
39 

63 

78 

55 

103 

97 


’ 55 


AUTHORITIES 


Aiton, 
Allehin, 
Allioni. 
Arnott. 
Arrab. 
Babington. 
Baird. 
Balfour. 
Bauer. 
Boissier. 
Bolton. 
Bory. 
Bowie. 
Bower. 
Borkhausen. 
Braun. 
Brown. 
Burmann. 
Cameron. 
Cavanilles. 
Chanter. 
Choules. 


Cunningham, 


De Candolle. 


Deakin. 
Desvaux. 
Doll. 
Don. 
Edgerley. 
Elworthy. 
Ehrhart: 


' Fée. 


Fischer. 
Forskal. . 
Forster. 
Francis. 
Fries. 
Gardner. 


1236 


QUOTED IN 


Gray. 
Greville. 
Hoffmann. 
Hooker. 
Houlston. 
Houttuyn. 
Hudson. 
Humboldt. 
Jacquin. 
Johnson. 
Kaulfuss. 
Kinahan. 
Kitaibel. 
Kunze. 
Langsdorff. 
Ledebour. 
Leibmann. 
Leighton. 
Lindley. 
Link. 
Linneeus. 
Loiseleur. 
Lowe. 
Lowe, E. J. 
Mackay. 
Martens. 
Maund. 
Mantissa. 
Metten. 
Meyer. 
Michaux. 
Moore. 
Miller. 
Newman. 
Petiver. 
Plumier. 
Pinder. 
Plukenet. 


EE 
eS ES EE ES OT: 


VOL. VI 


Poiret. 
Presl. 
Pursh. 
Raddi. 
Rheed. 
Retzius. 
Reinwardt. 
Roth. 
Salisbury. 
Schkuhr. 
Schott. 
Schlechtendal. 
Siebold. 
Sim. 

Sieber. 
Sloan. 
Smith, J. E. 
Smith, J. 
Sprengel. 
Spenner. 
Stendal. 
Sowerby. 
Strempel. 
Swartz. 
Thompson. 
Tenore. 
Thunberg. 
Tuckerman. 
Veitch, Jun. 
Villars. 
Van Houtte. 
Vogler. 
Wallich. 
Weis, 
Willdenow. 
Wilson. 
Wollaston. 
Wolsey. 


CONTRIBUTORS 


TO VOL. VI. 


Tue Author begs to thank the following individuals, who have kindly 
supplied plants and fronds for illustration:— 


Miss Barker, Trent Lock, Beeston, 
near Nottingham. 

Messrs Booth and Son, Nurserymen, 
Hamburg. 

Mr. Clapham, Scarborough. 

Mr. Clarke, Royal Botanic Gardens, 
Glasgow. 

Mr. Robert Clarke, Gardener to W. 
Dent, Esq, Flass House, Crosby 
Ravensworth, Westmoreland. 

Mr. E. Cooling, Nurseryman, Derby. 

Mrs. Delves, Tunbridge Wells. 

Mr. R. J. Gray, St. Thomas’, Exeter. | 

Messrs. A. Henderson and Coa, 
Nurserymen, Pine-apple Place, 
Edgeware Road, London. 

Messrs. HE. G. Henderson, Welling- 
ton Nursery, St. John’s Wood, 
London. 

Mr. Joseph Henderson, Wentworth 
House, Yorkshire. 

Mr. W. Ingram, Belvoir Castle, 
near Grantham. 

Mr. J. W. Jeans, F.R.A.S., Gran- 


tham. 

Captain Legard, Kirby Misperton, 
Yorkshire. 

Mr. R. T. Millett, Penzance. 

Captain A. 8. H. Lowe, F.R.A.S., 
Highfield House, near Nottingham. 

Mr. Masters, Exotic Nursery, Can- 
terbury. 

Mr. Thomas Moore, F.L 8., Curator 
of the Chelsea Botanic Gardens. | 


VOL. VI. 


Sir Oswald Mosley, Bart., Rolleston 
Hall, near Burton-on-Trent. 

Mr. G. Norman, Hull. 

Mr. Pass, Gardener to T. Brockle- 
hurst, Esq., The Fence, near 
Macclesfield. 

Mr. J. Pearson, Nurseryman, Chil- 
well, Nottinghamshire. 

Messrs. Rollisson and Co., Nursery, 
Tooting, near London. 

M. Schott, Director of the Imperial 
Garden, Schénbrunn,near Vienna. 

Mr. J. Smith, Curator of the Royal 
Gardens, Kew. 

Mr. J. Sidebotham, Manchester. 

Mr. R. Sim, Foot’s Cray Nursery, 
near Chiselhurst, Kent. 

Mr. Stansfield, Vale Nursery, Tod- 
morden. 

Mr. Stewart, Sudbury Castle, Staf- 
fordshire. 

Mr. Stratton, Botanic Gardens, 
Cambridge. 

Messrs. Veitch, Exotic Nursery, 

Exeter. 

Messrs. Veitch,Jun., ExoticNursery, 

Chelsea. 

Mr. G. B. Wollaston, Chiselhurst, 
Kent. 

Mr. Wraight, Newlands, Kent. 

Mr. F. Wright, Osmaston Manor, 
Derbyshire. 


ADDENDUM TO VOL. VI. 


Aspidium frondosum.—Rhizoma creeping on the surface. 
Stipes very long, stout, and nearly erect; base very ‘scaly. 
Frond pentangular and quadri-tripinnate; length two to four 
feet. Frond borne gracefully and almost horizontally on its 
stalk. It will probably prove hardy. 


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