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STATE  OF  MARYLAND 

DEPARTMENT  OF  EDUCATION 


EIGHTY-NINTH  ANNUAL  REPORT 

Of  The 

-AA^t^jii^H/i     State  Board  of  Education  . 

SHOWING  CONDITION 
Of  The 

Public  Schools  of  Maryland 

For  The 

Year  Ending  June  30,  1955 


BALTIMORE,  MARYLAND 


^  MARYLAND  DIRECTORY 


/^^^^ 


/^^<P  OF 

^^<^  /  SCHOOL  OFFICIALS,  JUNE  1955 

^  </  MARYLAND  STATE  BOARD  OF  EDUCATION 

'Name  Address  Term  Expires 

Wendell  D.  Allen,  President Baltimore 1956 

Jerome  Framptom,  Jr.,  Vice-president Federalsburg 1957 

William  A.  Gunter Cumberland 1960 

Dwight  O.  W.  Holmes Baltimore 1958 

Mrs.  Richard  Marcus Pikesville 1959 

Mrs.  Curtis  Walker Chevy  Chase 1955 

Vacancy 

MARYLAND  STATE  DEPARTMENT  OF  EDUCATION 

2  West  Redwood  Street,  Baltimore  1 

THOMAS  G.  PULLEN,  JR. 

State  Superintendent  of  Schools 

Name  Position 

John  J.  Seidel Assistant  State  Superintendent  for  Vocational  Education 

D.  W.  Zimmerman Assistant  State  Superintendent  in  Finance  and  Research 

Merle  S.  Bateman Director  of  Certification  and  Accreditation 

James  E.  Spitznas Director  of  Instruction 

Helen  M.  Clark Director  of  Library  Extension 

R.  C.  Thompson Director  of  Vocational  Rehabilitation 

James  L.  Reid Supervisor  of  School  Plant  Planning 

*F.  J.  Thuman Consultant  Architect 

Helen  D.  George Editor 

Ruth  E.  Hobbs Administrative  Assistant 

Margaret  E.  Albaugh Stenographer-Secretary 

Alice  Algie Senior  Stenographer 

Mrs.  Suzanne  Ness Senior  Stenographer 

Mrs.  Corinne  D.  Combs Senior  Typist 

Mrs.  Margaret  P.  Rappe Senior  Typist 

Mrs.  Wilda  R.  Taylor Telephone  Operator 

Lloyd  E.  Holmes Duplicating  Machine  Operator  II 

Division  of  Vocational  Education — John  J.  Seidel,  Assistant  Superintendent 

Harry  M.  McDonald Supervisor  of  Agriculture 

Evelyn  F.  Miller Supervisor  of  Home  Economies 

Herschel  M.  James Supervisor  of  Industrial  Education 

Dwight  P.  Jacobus Supervisor  of  Educational  Services  to  Industry 

Eleanor  G.  Weagly Supervisor  of  School  Lunch  Program 

George  A.  Myers Assistant  Supervisor  of  School  Lunch  Program 

Joseph  S.  Endslow Assistant  Supervisor  of  Veterans  On-the-Farm  Training  Program 

Frank  H.  Nachman Counselor  for  Veterans  On-the-Job  Training  Program 

Elizabeth  McGinnity Stenographer-Secretary 

Mrs.  Florence  B.  Ackerman Senior  Stenographer 

Mrs.  Hazel  B.  Wilkerson Senior  Stenographer 

Lillian  O.  Erpenstein Senior  Stenographer 

Bessie  I.  Rones Senior  Stenographer 

Sue  E.  Stimely  (part-time) Senior  Stenographer 

Mrs.  Virginia  C.  Cooper Senior  Typist 

Florence  M.  Brady Junior  Clerk 

Division  of  Finance  and  Research — D.  W.  Zimmerman,  Assistant  Superintendent 

William  S.  Sartorius Assistant  Director 

William  L.  Barrall Supervisor  of  Finance 

R.  Christine  Hogan Supervisor  of  Research 

Charles  V.  Akeley Assistant  Supervisor  of  Finance 

C.  William  Anthony Assistant  Supervisor  of  Research 

Mrs.  Anne  K.  Carroll Assistant  Supervisor  of  Research 

Bernard  G.  Geyer Auditor 

Mrs.  Genevieve  J.  Nekervis Statistician    I 

Mrs.  Verda  K.  McClow Statistician  II 

Mary  E.  McNeill Statistician  II 

Mrs.  Mary  B.  Prince Statistical   Clerk 

Mrs.  Grace  Steele  Travers Principal  Account  Clerk    I 

Mrs.  Laura  Gaither Principal  Account  Clerk  II 

Minnie  Gerber Principal  Account  Clerk  II 

*  Part  time 


Name  Position 

Mrs.  Mary  E.  Hoover Principal  Account  Clerk  II 

Blanche  E.  Keen Principal  Account  Clerklll 

Helen  Ellis Stenographer-Secretary 

Carrye  Hamburger Stenographer-Secretary 

Dorothy  E.  Young Stenographer-Secretary 

D.  Joan  Walterhoefer Senior  Stenographer 

Helen  L.  Askin Report  Typist 

Mrs.  Margaret  J.  Meister Senior  Clerk 

Augusta  Schoberg Senior  Clerk 

Mrs.  Marie  WoUschlager Key  Punch  Operator 

Division  of  Certification  and  Accreditation — Merle  S.  Bateman,  Director 

W.  Theodore  Boston Supervisor  of  Teacher  and  Higher  Education  and  Assistant  Director 

M.  Eleanor  Rice Supervisor  of  Certification 

Helen  L.  Widmyer Supervisor  of  Accreditation 

Charles  C.  Conlon Assistant  Supervisor  of  Accreditation 

Richard  K.  McKay Assistant  Supervisor  of  Accreditation 

Elsie  F.  Forman Stenographer-Secretary 

Mrs.  Margaret  Bray Senior  Stenographer 

Gloria  M.  Korsch Senior  Stenographer 

Mrs.  Bessie  S.  Price Senior  Stenographer 

Mrs.  Gertrude  A.  Gorrell Senior  Clerk 

Lee  F.  Kolman Senior  Clerk 

Mrs.  Doris  Van  Cleaf Senior  Clerk 

Division  of  Instruction — James  E.  Spitznas,  Director 

Mrs.  Grace  Alder  Dorsey Supervisor  of  Elementary  Schools 

Paul  E.  Huflington Supervisor  of  High  Schools 

Willis  H.  White Supervisor  of  High  Schools 

George  M.  Crawford Supervisor  of  Curriculum 

Mrs.  Gladys  T.  Hopkins Supervisor  of  Curriculum 

Herbert  R.  Steiner Supervisor  of  Physical  Education  and  Recreation 

Dorothy  W.  Shires Supervisor  of  Pupil  Personnel  and  Parent  Education 

Mrs.  Geneva  Ely  Flickinger , Supervisor  of  Special  Education 

Ethel  E.  Sammis Assistant  Supervisor  of  Physical  Education  and  Recreation 

E.  Druailla  Chairs Stenographer-Secretary 

Mrs.  Beverly  B.  Armiger Senior  Stenographer 

Mildred  Faulstitch Senior  Stenographer 

Mrs.  Constance  Fish Senior  Stenographer 

Sue  E.  Stimely  (part-time) Senior  Stenographer 

Division  of  Vocational  Rehabilitation — R.  C.  Thompson,  Director 

STATE  OFFICE 

Lionel  Burgess Supervisor  of  Case  Services 

W.    Bird   Terwilliger Supervisor  of  Guidance  Training  and  Placement 

George  W.  Keller Assistant  Supervisor  of  Services  for  the  Blind 

John  T.  Goembel Craft  Specialist 

*Dean  W.  Roberts,  M.D Medical  Consultant 

Kathleen  E.  Scheve Stenographer-Secretary 

Anne  Nusinov Principal  Stenographer 

Charlotte  A.  Sylvester Principal  Stenographer 

Doris  P.  Nolan Senior  Stenographer 

BALTIMORE  CITY  OFFICE 
2  West  Redwood  Street,  Baltimore  1 

Thomas  D.  Braun Supervisor 

Ernest  C.  Allnutt,  Jr Counselor 

Foy  L.  Lunsford Counselor 

Irwin  D.  Medinger Counselor 

William  B.  Melville Counselor 

Ruth  F.  Ring Counselor 

H.  Smith  Shumway Counselor 

James  D.  Smyth Counselor 

Carroll  L.  Speck Counselor 

Emma  Lueckert Stenographer-Secretary 

Mrs.  Claire  S.  Anderson Senior  Stenographer 

Mrs.  Ruth  Friedland Senior  Stenographer 

Jane  E.  Gallagher Senior  Stenographer 

June  F.  Roemer Senior  Stenographer 

Mrs.  Olive  Mayo Receptionist 

CENTRAL  MARYLAND  BRANCH 
2  West  Redwood  Street,  Baltimore  1 

Myrtle  E.  Chell Special  Counselor  for  the  Tuberculous 

James  S.  Dashiell Counselor 

Martha  R.  Harrison Counselor 

Harold  Hayes Counselor 

William  W.  Lamprell Counselor 

Fedon  Nides Counselor 

Mrs.  Elizabeth  B.  Swisher Coimselor 

T.  Janet  Kammer Senior  Stenographer 

Beverly  J.  Sheain Senior  Stenographer 

Bell  Sklar Senior  Stenographer 

*  Part  time 

3 


Name  Position 

EASTERN  SHORE  BRANCH 
117  Calvert  Building,  Salisbury 

Raymond  H.  Simmons Assistant  Supervisor 

Robert  L.  Burton Counselor 

Frank  A.  Tarbutton Counselor,  Board  of  Education,  Chestertown 

Mrs.  Anne  E.  Bishop Senior  Stenographer 

SOUTHERN  MARYLAND  BRANCH 
4313  Hamilton  Street,  Hyattsvllle 

Merl  D.  Myers Assistant  Supervisor 

H.  Dorsey  Devlin Counselor 

Carroll  Walsh Counselor,  Board  of  Education,  Rockville 

Mrs.  Frances  G.  Smith Senior  Stenographer 

WESTERN  MARYLAND  BRANCH 
122  West  Washington  Street,  Hagerstown 

Kenneth  G.  Stoner Assistant  Supervisor 

J.  Leo  Delaney Counselor,  111  Union  Street,  Cumberland 

William  C.  Hill Counselor,  115  E.  Church  Street,  Frederick 

Mrs.  Alfreda  E.  Coffman Senior  Stenographer 

Division  of  Library  Extension — Helen  M.  Clark,  Director 
400  Cathedral  Street,  Baltimore  1 

Mae  Graham Supervisor  of  School  and  Children's  Libraries 

Nettie  B.  Taylor Supervisor  of  County  and  Institutional  Libraries 

Eleanor  Hocker Readers'  Counselor 

Harry  E.  Foster Technical  Coimselor 

M.  E.  Naomi  Johnson Associate  Librarian 

Josephine  M.  Baldwin Assistant  Librarian 

Mrs.  Suzanne  V.  Pearce Assistant  Librarian 

Mrs.  Beverly  M.  Burmeister Library  Assistant 

Doris  L.  Anderson Stenographer-Secretary 

Mrs.  Johann  Nizer  Armiger Senior  Stenographer 

Martha  Keydash Senior  Stenographer 

Regina  Herrmann Senior  Typist 

Marlyn  L.  Masson Junior  Typist 

Aydelotte  L.  Meister Junior  Clerk 

Louis  E.  Myers Porter 

PUBLIC  LIBRARIES  IN  MARYLAND— JUNE  1955 

County  lAhrary  Librarian 

Allegany Cumberland  Free  Public  Library Mary  G.  Walsh 

La  Vale  Public  Library Mrs.  William  G.  Barger 

Westernport  Public  Library Mrs.  Elizabeth  Thomas 

Anne  Arundel Annapolis  and  Anne  Arundel  County  Library, 

Annapolis Esther  King 

Kuethe  Library,  Glen  Burnie Helen  Zeman 

Baltimore  City Enoch  Pratt  Free  Library Amy  Winslow 

Baltimore Baltimore  County  Library,  Towson Richard  Minnich 

Calvert Calvert  County  Public  Free  Library, 

Prince  Frederick Mrs.  William  W.  Duke 

Caroline   Denton  Public  Library Mrs.  G.  Daniel  Crouse 

Federalsburg  Community  Library Mrs.  Carolyn  G.  Noble 

Ridgely  Commimity  Library Mrs.  Paul  Hoffman 

Carroll Davis  Library,  Westminster Mrs.  Helen  Rex  Shroyer 

Cecil  Cecil  County  Library,  Elkton Mrs.  Dorothy  W.  Jefferson 

Cecilton  Community  Library Mrs.  Alfred  L.  Pierce 

Charles Charles  County  Library,  La  Plata Doris  Holmes 

Dorchester Dorchester  County  Public  Library,  Cambridge.  Mrs.  Margaret  Henry 

Hurlock  Free  Public  Library Mrs.  Floyd  N.  Harper 

Vienna  Public  Library Mrs.  Alan  Webb 

Frederick   C.  Burr  Artz  Library,  Frederick Josephine  Etchison 

Emmitsburg  Public  Library Louise  Sebold 

Garrett Ruth  Enlow  Library  of  Garrett  County, 

Oakland Edith  Brock 

Harford Harford  County  Library,  Bel  Air Mrs.  Dorothy  Glackin 

Harve  de  Grace  Public  Library Mrs.  Roswell  Poplar 

Howard Howard  County  Library,  Ellicott  City   Mrs.  Lenna  Burgess 

Kent Chestertown  Public  Library Cornelia  Davis 

Montgomery Montgomery  County  Department  of  Public 

Libraries,  Gaithersburg George  B.  Moreland 

Rockville  Public  Library .  Mrs.  Rose  C.  Miller 

Takoma  Park  Public  Library Mrs.  Ruth  B.  Pratt 

Prince  George's Prince  George's  County  Memorial  Library, 

Hyattsville Mrs.  Mary  Kenan  Hadley 

Greenbelt  Public  Library Mrs.  Marjorie  A.  Muir 

Queen  Anne's Queen  Anne's  County  Library,  Centreville  ....  Mrs.  Elizabeth  H.  Baker 

St.  Mary's   St.  Mary's  County  Memorial  Library, 

Leonardtown Eloise  Pickrell 

4 


PUBLIC  LIBRARIES  IN  MARYLAND— Continued 

County  Library  Librarian 

Somerset Corbin  Memorial  Library,  Crisfield Mrs.  Gladys  Daugherty 

Princess  Anne  Public  Library Mrs.  J.  Randolph  PMeld 

Vaughn  Hoffman  Memorial  Library, 

Rhodes  Point   Mrs.  Doris  Spriggs 

Talbot Talbot  County  Free  Library,  Easton Mrs.  David  S.  Stewart 

Washington Washington  County  Free  Library, 

Hagerstown Mrs.  Mary  Louise  Holzafel 

Wicomico Wicomico  County  Free  Library,  Salisbury Mrs.  Fred  Horsley,  Jr. 

Worcester Berlin  Public  Library    Mary  Bailey 

Pocomoke  City  Public  Library Mrs.  Byron  H.  OUendike 

Snow  Hill  Public  Library Mrs.  Paul  C.  Kenney 

PRESIDENTS  OF  STATE  TEACHERS  COLLEGES 

Earle  T.  Hawkins Towson  William  E.  Henry Bowie 

R.    Bowen    Hardesty Frostburg  Miles  W.  Connor Coppin,  Baltimore-17 

J.    D.    Blackwell Salisbury 

MARYLAND  TEACHERS'  RETIREMENT  SYSTEM 

BOARD  OF  TRUSTEES  AND  OFFICE  STAFF 
31  Light  Street,  Baltimore  2 
Name  Position 

Hooper  S.  Miles,  Chairman State  Treasurer 

Thomas  G.  Pullen,  Jr.,  Vice-chairman State   Superintendent    of    Schools 

Mrs.   Mary  S.   Ellis Principal,   North  Salisbury  Elementary  School,   Wicomico   County 

J.  Millard  Tawes State  Comptroller 

Willis  H.  White Supervisor  of  High  Schools,  State  Department  of  Education 

John  P.  Mannion Director 

C.  Christis Accountant 

Minnie  M.  Hamilton Administrative  Assistant 

Mrs.  Dorothy  Atlee Principal  Account  Clerk  II 

Mrs.  Aneta  Richardson Accounting  Machine  Operator 

Mrs.  Audrey  Beere Accounting  Machine  Operator 

Grace  R.  Perry Senior  Typist 

Mrs.  Edna  Doyle   Senior  Clerk 

MARYLAND  COUNTY  ADMINISTRATIVE  AND  SUPERVISORY  STAFFS 

ALLEGANY  COUNTY 
Cumberland 

Ralph  R.  Webster Superintendent  of  Schools 

Richard  T.   Rizer Supervisor  of  Secondary  Education  and  Assistant  Superintendent 

Lewyn  C.  Davis Supervisor  of  Junior  High  Schools 

Arthur  G.  Ramey Supervisor  of  Physical  Education  and  Transportation 

Jane  E.  Botsford Supervisor  of  Elementary  Education 

Winifred  Greene Supervisor  of  Elementary  Education 

Mildred  E.  Willison Supervisor  of  Elementary  Education 

M.  Jean  Camper Supervisor  of  Special  Education 

W.  Valgene  Routch Supervisor  of  Music  Education 

Julius  D.  Lonnholm Supervisor  of  Vocational,  Industrial,  and  Adult  Education 

Theodore  P.  Foote Supervisor  of  Art  Education 

Ruth  C.  McColly Supervisor  of  Home  Economics 

Joseph  T.  Downey Supervisor  of  Maintenance 

Mrs.  Gladys  Miller  Eaton Supervisor  of  Cafeterias 

Homer  S.  Higgins Supervisor  of  Pupil  Personnel 

ANNE  ARUNDEL  COUNTY 
Annapolis 

David  S.  Jenkins Superintendent  of  Schools 

Fred  L.  Alexander Administrative  Assistant 

R.  Harold  McCann Assistant  Superintendent,  Administrative 

Mrs.  Madolyn  R.  Powers Supervisor  of   Cafeterias 

Dennis  Turner Supervisor  of  Maintenance 

Frank  G.  Baker,  Jr Supervisor  of  Transportation 

Richard  D.  Carlson Supervisor  of  Planning 

Leonard  Johnson Supervisor  of  Custodial  Services 

Howard  A.  Kinhart Assistant  Superintendent,  Senior  High  Schools 

Ruth  V.  Dudderar Assistant  Superintendent,  Elementary  and  Junior  High  Schools 

Mrs.  Virginia  D.  Moore Supervisor  of  Elementary  Schools 

Leviah  Daniel Supervisor  of  Elementary  Schools 

Mrs.  Evelyn  P.  Reed Supervisor  of  Elementary  Schools 

H.  Elizabeth  Slater Supervisor  of  Elementary  Schools 

Sarah  V.  Jones Supervisor  of  Colored  Elementary  Schools 

Robert  S.  Shaffner   Supervisor  of  Secondary  Schools 

Katherine  Kibler Supervisor  of  Reading 

Ruth  P.  Eason Supervisor  of  Special  Education 

Doris  M.  Clements Supervisor  of  Home  Economics 

Frank  C.  Gunderloy Supervisor  of  Vocational  and  Technical  Education 

Margaret  A.  Adams Supervisor  of  Music 

Mrs.  Eleanor  B.  Waring   Director   of   Personnel 

Mary  E.  Moss Supervisor  of  Pupil  Personnel 

Mrs.  Ellen  T.  Elliott Supervisor  of  Personnel  Procurement 

Mrs.  Ruth  J.  McNelly Supervisor  of  Finance  and  Certification 


Name  Position 

BALTIMORE  COUNTY 

Towson 

(1)  Sparrows  Point 

Edward  G.  Stapleton Superintendent  of  Schools 

James  A.  Sensenbaugh Assistant  Superintendent  in  Administration 

Jamas  B.  O'Toole,  Jr Assistant  Superintendent  in  Instruction 

G.  Alfred  Helwig Director  of  Curriculum 

B.  Melvin  Cole Director  of  Elementary  Education 

Homer  O.  Elseroad Director  of  Secondary   Education 

M.  Katherine  Dost Supervisor  of  Elementary  Schools 

Clotilde  C.  Drechsler Supervisor  of  Elementary  Schools 

Myrtle  S.  Eckhardt Supervisor  of  Elementary  Schools 

Jennie  E.  Jessop Supervisor  of  Elementary  Schools 

Hilda  Kestner Supervisor  of  Elementary  Schools 

Anna  G.  Shepperd Supervisor  of  Elementary  Schools 

(1)  Mrs.  Pauline  J.  Hobbs Supervisor  of  Colored  Elementary  Schools 

Mrs.  Wylda  F.  Benson Supervisor  of  Junior  High  Schools 

Mrs.  Stella  H.  Johnston Supervisor  of  Junior  High  Schools 

Mrs.  Louella  H.  Woodward Supervisor  of  Junior  High  Schools 

Ralph  W.  Gifford Supervisor  of  High  Schools 

Helen  E.  Hale Supervisor  of  High  Schools 

Joseph  B.  Hillyard Supervisor  of  High  Schools 

Jean  C.  Sisk Supervisor  of  High  Schools 

♦Minnie  H.  Woolford Supervisor  of  Colored  High  Schools 

Olive  T.  Jobes Supervisor  of  Art 

Harold  S.  Martin Supervisor  of  Physical  Education 

John  W.  Craft Supervisor  of  Music 

Thomas  R.  Lawrence Supervisor  of  Music 

Thomas  M.  Greene Supervisor  of  Business  and  Adult  Education 

Mary  E.  Kelleher Supervisor  of  Home  Economics 

Arthur  A.  Dick Supervisor  of  Vocational  Education  and  Industrial  Arts 

Elizabeth  D.  Hodges Supervisor  of  Library  Service 

Anna  R.  Meeks Supervisor  of  Guidance 

Ralph  E.  Kessler Supervisor  of  Special  Education 

N.  Harry  Camp,  Jr Director  of  Clinical  Services 

Herman  C.  Burton Supervisor  of  Pupil  Personnel 

Ruthetta  Lippy Supervisor  of  School  Lunch  Service 

Walter  M.  Gordon Supervisor  of  Transportation 

William  T.  Willis,  Jr Assistant  Superintendent  in  Business  Operations 

William  C.  Feader Supervisor  of  Accounting 

Herd  S.  Eburg Supervisor  of  Plant  Maintenance 

Ian  Gordon Supervisor  of  Plant  Operation 

Morris  R.  Baker Engineer  for  Plant  Management 

CALVERT  COUNTY 
Prince  Frederick 

Maurice  A.  Dunkle Superintendent  of  Schools 

Herman  A.  Hauver Supervisor  of  High  Schools 

Mrs.  Mildred  G.  Finlon Supervisor  of  Elementary  Schools 

Mrs.  Thelma  M.  Cornish Supervisor  of  Colored  Elementary  Schools 

Mrs.  Lola  M.  Parks Supervisor  of  Pupil  Personnel 

CAROLINE  COUNTY 
Denton 

W.  Stewart  Fitzgerald Superintendent  of  Schools 

Fred  G.  Usilton Supervisor  of  High  Schools 

Beatrice  Williams Supervisor  of  Elementary  Schools 

♦Mrs.  Lula  D.  Ward Supervisor  of  Colored  Elementary  Schools 

Frank  Gerhardt Supervisor  of  Pupil  Personnel 

CARROLL  COUNTY 
Westminster 

Samuel  M.  Jenness Superintendent  of  Schools 

John  F.  Wooden,  Jr Supervisor  of  High  Schools 

Gerald  E.  Richter Supervisor  of  High  Schools 

Ruth  E.  DeVore Supervisor  of  Elementary  Schools 

Charles  E.  Reck Supervisor  of  Elementary  Schools 

Mrs.  Josephine  West   Supervisor  of  Home  Economics  and  Cafeterias 

♦Philip  Royer Supervisor  of  Music 

*Mae  E.  Prince Supervisor  of  Colored  Elementary  Schools 

Maye  E.  Grimes Supervisor  of  Pupil  Personnel 

CECIL  COUNTY 
Elkton 

Morris  W.  Rannels Superintendent  of  Schools 

E.  B.  Fockler Supervisor  of  High  Schools 

William  C.  Graham Supervisor  of  High  Schools 

Olive  L.  Reynolds Supervisor  of  Elementary  Schools 

Mrs.  Mildred  L.  Sowers Supervisor  of  Elementary  Schools 

Rachel  F.  Boyd Supervisor  of  Home  Economics 

Edwin  H.  Barnes Supervisor  of  Pupil  Personnel 

James  M.  Renn Supervisor  of  Maintenance 

♦  Part  time 

6 


Name  Position 

CHARLES  COUNTY 

La  Plata 

T.  Carlyle  Martin Superintendent  of  Schools 

Christine  E.  Pierson Supervisor  of  Elementary  Schools 

Edward  C.  Turner    Supervisor  of  High  Schools 

Joseph  C.  Parks Supervisor  of  Colored  Elementary  Schools 

Mrs.  Genevieve  S.  Brown Supervisor  of  Colored  High  Schools 

Mrs.  Cecelia  G.  Farrall Supervisor  of  Pupil  Personnel 

Margaret  A.  Posey Supervisor  of   Cafeterias 

DORCHESTER  COUNTY 
Cambridge 

James  G.  Busick Superintendent  of  Schools 

Albert  S.  Farver Supervisor  of  High  Schools 

Evelyn  E.  Johnson Supervisor  of  Elementary  Schools 

Mrs.  Viola  J.  Comegys Supervisor  of  Colored  Elementary  Schools 

John  T.  Comer,  Jr Supervisor  of  Pupil  Personnel 

FREDERICK  COUNTY 

Frederick 

Eugene  W.  Pruitt Superintendent  of  Schools 

Duvall  W.  Sweadner Supervisor  of  High  School 

Evelyn  Davis Supervisor  of  Junior  High  Schools 

Mrs.  Louise  F.  Thompson Supervisor  of  Elementary  Schools 

Alice  Love Supervisor  of  Elementary  Schools 

Warren  R.  Evans Supervisor  of  Health  and  Physical  Education 

Virginia  Klos Supervisor  of  School  Lunch  Program 

Paul  L.  Hoffmaster Supervisor  of  Transportation 

♦Charles  E.  Henson Supervisor  of  Colored  Schools 

Paul  E.  Fogle Supervisor  of  Pupil  Personnel 

GARRETT  COUNTY 
Oakland 

Willard  L.  Hawkins   Superintendent  of  Schools 

Foster  D.  Bittle Supervisor  of  High  Schools 

Edwin  W.  Elias Supervisor  of  Elementary  Schools 

Mrs.  Caroline  Wilson Supervisor  of  Elementary  Schools 

Oren  T.  Graser    Supervisor  of  Maintenance 

John  L.  Fitzwater Supervisor  of  Pupil  Personnel 

HARFORD  COUNTY 
Bel  Air 

Charles  W.  Willis Superintendent  of  Schools 

Benjamin  S.  Carroll Assistant  Superintendent 

Hazel  L.  Fisher Supervisor  of  Elementary  Schools 

Mrs.  Anne  M.  Noonan Supervisor  of  Elementary  Schools 

Howard  B.  Peters Supervisor  of  Elementary  Schools 

Mrs.  Dorothy  M.  Rowe Supervisor  of  High  Schools 

C.  Clark  Jones Supervisor  of  High  Schools 

James  H.  Clow,  Jr Supervisor  of  Pupil  Personnel 

♦Thomas  J.  Loughran Administrative  Assistant 

Allen  B.  Amoss Administrative  Assistant 

HOWARD  COUNTY 
Elllcott  City 

John  E.  Ylngling Superintendent  of  Schools 

Mrs.  Mary  R.  Hovet Supervisor  of  High  Schools 

Frank  B.  Durigg Supervisor  of  Special  Subjects  and  Maintenance 

Carmen  C.  Delaplane Supervisor  of  Elementary  Schools 

♦Morris  L.  Woodson Supervisor  of  Colored  Elementary  Schools 

Harry  T.  Murphy Supervisor  of  Pupil  Personnel 

KENT  COUNTY 

Chestertown 

Reade  W.  Corr    Superintendent  of  Schools 

Carey  E.  Lacey Supervisor  of  High  Schools 

Louise  Hepbron Supervisor  of  Elementary  Schools 

♦Mrs.  Sara  B.  Chambers Supervisor  of  Colored  Elementary  Schools 

Mrs.  Madeleine  Fennell Supervisor  of  Pupil  Personnel 

MONTGOMERY  COUNTY 
Rockvllle 

Forbes  H.  Norris Superintendent  of  Schools 

James  L.  Prince Assistant  Superintendent,  Personnel  and  Administration 

Thomas  W.  Pyle Assistant  Superintendent,  Instructional   Program 

George  Menke Adminiatrative  Assistant,  Director  of  Supplementary  Services 

Mrs.  Genevieve  S.  Blew Supervisor  of  High  Schools 

Mrs.  Helen  P.  Bready Supervisor  of  High  Schools 

Maud  Arveeon .Supervisor  of  High  Schools 

George  L.  Osterwise Supervisor  of  High  Schools 

♦  Part  time 


Name  Position 

MONTGOMERY  COUNTY-(Continued) 

Harold  R.  Packard Supervisor  of  High  Schools 

Etheleen  Daniel Supervisor  of  Elementary  Schools 

Mrs.  Agnes  M.  Drewry Supervisor  of  Elementary  Schools 

WiUiam  B.  Evans Supervisor  of  Elementary  Schools 

Lillian  L.  Gore Supervisor  of  Elementary  Schools 

Mary  L.  Grau Supervisor  of  Elementary  Schools 

Mrs.  Ruth  S.  Gue Supervisor  of  Elementary  Schools 

*Mrs.  Margaret  T.  Jones Supervisor  of  Colored  Elementary  Schools 

John  M.  King Supervisor  of  Elementary  Schools 

Mrs.  Lillian  Klein Supervisor  of  Elementary  Schools 

Elsie  Schurter Supervisory  of  Elementary  Schools 

Clara  G.  Stratemeyer Supervisor  of  Elementary  Schools 

Mrs.  Louise  S.  Walker Supervisor  of  Audio- Visual  Education 

Mrs.  Marjorie  B.  St.  Clair Supervisor  of  Art 

William  C.  Feddeman   Supervisor  of  Industrial  Education  and  Adult  Education 

Charles  T.  Horn Supervisor  of  Music 

Julia  W.  Watkins Supervisor  of  Home  Arts 

Crescent  J.  Bride Supervisor  of  Physical  Education 

Alice  Robinson Supervisor  of  Library  Services 

Brian  M.  Benson Director  of  Finance 

Frank  St.  Clair,  Jr Director  of  Supporting  Services 

Mrs.  Corelli  David Supervisor  of  School  Limch 

Richard  Ream Supervisor  of  Transportation 

Maxwell  E.  Burdette Director  of  Planning 

T.  H.  Owen  Knight Supervisor  of  Pupil  Personnel 

Mrs.  Marian  T.  Tannhauser Supervisor  of  Special  Education 

Otho  Hawke Supervisor  of  Maintenance 

John  T.  Wise Director  of  Custodial  Services 

PRINCE  GEORGE'S  COUNTY 
Upper  Marlboro 

William  S.  Schmidt Superintendent  of  Schools 

George  H.  Robinson Assistant  Superintendent  of  Schools 

Thomas  S.  Gwynn,  Jr Assistant  Superintendent  of  Schools 

Rowannetta  S.  Allen Director  of  Instruction 

Flora  Schroyer Supervisor  of  School  Lunch  Program 

John  W.  Heim Supervisor  of  Transportation 

Arthur  E.  Robinson Supervisor  of  Maintenance 

Lucile  L.  Lurry Supervisor  of  Secondary  Education 

Dean  Manifold Supervisor  of  Secondary  Education 

Robert  Binger Supervisor  of  Secondary  Education 

Olin  L.  Adans,  Jr Supervisor  of  Elementary  Education 

Emma  Bowman Supervisor  of  Elementary  Education 

Eunice  E.  Burdette Supervisor  of  Elementary  Education 

Anne  Mildred  Hoyle Supervisor  of  Elementary  Education 

Rita  Donovan Supervisor  of  Elementary  Education 

Elisabeth  Kelly Supervisor  of  Elementary  Education 

Elizabeth  McMahon Supervisor  of  Elementary  Education 

Margaret  Beardsley Supervisor  of   Kindergartens 

Mrs.  Mary  Beth  Wackwitz Supervisor  of  Art 

Mrs.  Frances  Hill  Lynch Supervisor  of  Music 

Mary  A.  Thompson Supervisor  of  Health  Education 

Vincent  Holochwost Supervisor  of  Physical  Education 

Ada  M.  Warrington Supervisor  of  Physical  Education 

Mrs.  Louise  Bennett Supervisor  of  Libraries 

Elmer  K.  Zeller Supervisor  of  Vocational  and  Industrial  Education 

M.  Gladys  Dickerson Supervisor  of  Home  Economics  and  Adult  Education 

Doswell  E.  Brooks Supervisor  of  Colored  Schools 

William  W.  Hall Supervisor  of  Colored  Schools 

Marian  E.  Lobdell Supervisor  of  Pupil  Personnel 

C.  Elizabeth  Reig Supervisor  of  Special  Services 

QUEEN  ANNE'S  COUNTY 
Centrevllle 

Harry  C.  Rhodes Superintendent  of  Schools 

Jean  R.  Moser Supervisor  of  High  Schools 

Mrs.  Margaret  S.  Stack Supervisor  of  White  Elementary  Schools 

Alberta  C.  Browne Supervisor  of  Colored  Elementary  Schools 

Mrs.  Lola  P.  Brown Supervisor  of  Pupil  Personnel 

ST.  MARY'S  COUNTY 
Leonardtown 

Lettie  M.  Dent Superintendent  of  Schools 

E.  Violette  Young Supervisor  of  White  Elementary  Schools 

Thomas  L.  Smith Supervisor  of  High  Schools 

Ralph  S.  Waters Supervisor  of  Colored  Elementary  Schools 

Mrs.  Margaret  H.  Burch Supervisor  of  School  Lunch  Program 

Harriet  H.  Reeder Supervisor  of  Pupil  Personnel 

*  Part  time 

8 


Name  PoHtion 

SOMERSET  COUNTY 

Princess  Anne 

C.  Allen  Carlson Superintendent  of  Schools 

Mrs.  Alice  Mae  C.  Beauchamp Supervisor  of  Elementary  Schools 

John  L.  Bond Supervisor  of  Secondary  Schools 

Kermit  A.  Cottman Supervisor  of  Colored  Schools 

Charles  O.  Bums,  Jr. Supervisor  of  Pupil  Personnel 

TALBOT  COUNTY 
Easton 

J.  Willard  Davis Superintendent  of  Schools 

M.  Lillian  Cheezum Supervisor  of  Elementary  Schools 

Artuhr  R.  Higginbottom Supervisor  of  High  Schools 

♦Kathleen  A.  Francis Supervisor  of  Colored  Elementary  Schools 

Mrs.  Virginia  G.  D.  Darrow Supervisor  of  Pupil  Personnel 

WASHINGTON  COUNTY 
Hagerstown 

William  M.  Brish Superintendent  of  Schools 

William  C.  Diehl Assistant  Superintendent  of  Schools 

C.  Paul  Barnhart Administrative  Assistant 

Wilbur  S.  Hoopengardner Director  of  Instruction 

Carl  R.  Beer Supervisor  of  Elementary  Schools 

Annilea  H.  Browne Supervisor  of  Elementary  Schools 

M.  Frances  Grimes Supervisor  of  Elementary  Schools 

Mrs.  Rebekah  B.  Stonebraker Supervisor  of  High  Schools 

Catherine  L.  Beachley Supervisor  of  Guidance  and  Research 

Miriam  L.  Hoffman Supervisor  of  Music 

Alfred  C.  Roth,  Jr Supervisor  of  Industrial  and  Adult  Education 

H.  Edwin  Semler Supervisor  of  Physical  Education 

Mrs.  Anormallee  M.  Way Supervisor  of  School  Lunch  Program 

Russell  L.  Kepler Supervisor  of  Maintenance 

V.  Richard  Martin Supervisor  of  Pupil  Personnel 

Joseph  H.  Vance Supervisor  of  Finance 

Claude  Brubeck Supervisor  of  Transportation 

WICOMICO  COUNTY 
Salisbury 

James  M.  Bennett Superintendent  of  Schools 

Louise  L.  Mitchell Supervisor  of  Elementary  Schools 

Martha  R.  Jones Supervisor  of  Elementary  Schools 

Royd  A.  Mahaffey,  Jr Supervisor  of  High  Schools 

Marie  A.  Dashiell Supervisor  of  Colored  Elementary  Schools 

Sheldon  B.  Dawson Supervisor  of  Pupil  Personnel 

Branche  H.  Phillips,  Jr Supervisor  of  Transportation 

WORCESTER  COUNTY 
Snow  Hall 

Paul  D.  Cooper Superintendent  of  Schools 

Paul  S.  Hyde Dffector  of  Instruction 

Alfred  S.  Hancock Supervisor  of  Instruction 

Myrtle  Lee  Vick Supervisor  of  Elementary  Schools 

Mrs.  Annie  B.  Downing Supervisor  of  Colored  Elementary  Schools 

Benjamin  W.  Nelson Supervisor  of  Maintenance  and  Transportation 

Wilbur  A.  Jones Supervisor  of  Pupil  Personnel 

BALTIMORE  CITY 
3  East  Twenty-fifth  Street,  Baltimore  18 

John  H.  Fischer Superintendent  of  Public  Instruction 

Mary  A.  Adams Assistant  Superintendent  of  Elementary  Education 

Houston  R.  Jackson Assistant  Superintendent 

John  W.  Lewis Assistant  Superintendent  Business  Management 

Edwin  Stein Assistant  Superintendent  General  Administration 

Charles  W.  Sylvester Assistant  Superintendent  Vocational  Education 

J.  Carey  Taylor Assistant  Superintendent  Secondary  Education 

Helen  M.  Stegman Administrative  Assistant 

Thomas  A.  Van  Sant Director  of  Adult  Education 

Leon  L.  Winslow Director  of  Art  Education 

George  F.  Smith,  Jr Director  of  Educational  Supplies  and  Equipment 

Edith  V.  Walker Director  of  Elementary  Education 

Elmon  L.  Vernier Director  of  Health  and  Physical  Education 

Kenneth  Hjelmervik Director  of  Music 

W.  A.  Maccubbin Director  of  Personnel 

Angela  Broening Director  of  Publications 

Lome  WooUatt Director  of  Research 

William  E.  Lehr Director  of  School  Facilities 

*  Part  time 


Name  Position 

BALTIMORE  CITY-(Continued) 

Arthur  Lichtenstein Director  of  Special  Services  to  Pupils 

Helen  Herman Area  Director 

Marion  Johnson Area  Director 

E.  Romaine  Jones Area  Director 

Eleanor  Shank Area  Director 

Laura  M.  Wells Area  Director 

Albert  G.  Packard Assistant  Director  of  Aptitude  Testing 

Harry  Bard Assistant  Director  of  Curriculum  Bureau 

Leona  C.  Buchwald Assistant  Director  of  Guidance  and  Placement 

Harold  B.  Chapman Assistant  Director  of  Research 

William  M.  K.  Rawlings Supervisor  of  Adult  Education 

L.  Merle  Smuck Supervisor  of  Audio- visual  Education 

E.  Duncan  Hyde Supervisor  of  Business  Education 

Forest  L.  Lawton Supervisor  of  Distributive  Education 

H.  Spilman  Burns Supervisor  of  Educational  Supplies  and  Equipment 

Dwight  S.  Caskey Supervisor  of  Educational  Supplies  and  Equipment 

Wallace  C.  Kirk Supervisor  of  Educational  Supplies  and  Equipment 

Sol  Levin Supervisor  of  Educational  Supplies  and  Equipment 

Mrs.  Nanette  R.  Blackiston Supervisor  of  Secondary  Education 

Mrs.  Emma  G.  Bright Supervisor  of  Elementary  Grades 

Mrs.  Rebecca  E.  Carroll Supervisor  of  Elementary  Grades 

M.  Catherine  Cohee Supervisor  of  Elementary  Grades 

Elizabeth  Fox Supervisor  of  Elementary  Grades 

Elizabeth  Gilpin Supervisor  of  Elementary  Grades 

Mrs.  Thelma  D.  Jackson Supervisor  of  Elementary  Grades 

Mrs.  Winifred  T.  Kinn Supervisor  of  Elementary  Grades 

Lillian  W.  Stevenson Supervisor  of  Elementary  Grades 

Josephine  T.  Toro Supervisor  of  Elementary  Grades 

Virginia  H.  Young Supervisor  of  Elementary  Grades 

Helen  Chambers Supervisor   of   English 

Mrs.  Josie  G.  Smith Supervisor   of   English 

Helen  Mixter Supervisor  of  Geography 

Robert  Diggs Supervisor  of  Geography  and  Science 

Beulah  P.  Beale Supervisor  of  Handwriting 

Mrs.  Lillian  B.  Davis Supervisor  of  Health  Education 

D.  C.  Wharton  Smith,  M.D Supervisor  of  Health  Services 

Mrs.  Edythe  A.  Myers Supervisor  of   History 

Edna  R.  Carter Supervisor  of   History 

Nellie  S.  Buckey Supervisor  of  Home  Economics 

Stanley  J.  Pawelek Supervisor  of  Industrial  Arts  Education 

Corwin  H.  Taylor Supervisor  of  Instrumental  Music 

Anne  L.  Barlage Supervisor  of  Latin 

Marion  B.  Wiese Supervisor  of  Libraries 

Grover  W.  Norris Supervisor  of  Mathematics 

Samuel  L.  Taylor Supervisor  of  Mathematics 

Otto  K.  Schmied Supervisor  of  Modern  Languages 

Mrs.  Koma  Stinchcomb Supervisor  of  Occupational  and  Shop  Centers 

Mrs.  Katherine  Whiteside  Taylor Supervisor  of  Parent  Education 

Andrew  T.  Norgan Supervisor  of  Physical  Education 

C.  Elizabeth  Armstrong Supervisor  of  School  Social  Work 

Elra  M.  Palmer Supervisor  of  Science 

Alexina  Stidham Supervisor  of  Science 

Mrs.  Lois  T.  Murray Supervisor  of  Special  Education 

Marguerite  L.  Stem Supervisor  of  Special  Education 

Olive  A.  Whildin Supervisor  of  Special  Education 

Mrs.  Sarah  I.  S.  Williams Supervisor  of  Special  Education 

James  O.  Proctor Supervisor  of  Vocational  Education 

William  T.  Hucksoll Supervisor  of  Vocational  Industrial  Education 

Carl  T.  White Supervisor  of  Vocational  Industrial  Education 


10 


CONTENTS 

Page 

Letter  of  Transmittal  12 

Legislation  Affecting  Education  13 

Notes  from  the  Minutes  of  the  State  Board  of  Education  20 

Administrative  Divisions  of  the  State  Department  of  Education: 

Certification  and  Accreditation  34 

Instruction  41 

Library  Extension  51 

Vocational   Education  57 

Vocational  Rehabilitation  63 

Dates  of  Opening  and  Closing  Schools,  Length  of  Session 66 

Enrollment,  Teaching  Staff,  Number  of  Public  and  Nonpublic  Schools 68 

Number  DiflFerent  Pupils  in  Public  and  Nonpublic  Schools  69 

Education  for  Handicapped  Children,  Schools  for  Atypical  Children  72 

Births  in  Maryland  75 

Withdrawals  in  Public  Schools  78 

Average  Number  Pupils  Belonging  79 

Grade   Enrollment   80 

Nonpromotions  in  Elementary  Schools  86 

High  School  Graduates:  Number,  Occupations,  Colleges  Attended  88 

High  School  Enrollment:  by  Year  and  Subject  96 

High  School  Teachers  98 

Enrollment  in  Individual  Subjects  99 

High  School  Failures  and  Withdrawals  112 

Teachers:    by  Summer  School  Attendance,  Certification,  Preparation, 

Resignations,    Turnover,    Source   118 

Number  and  Size  of  Schools  138 

Supervisory  and  Pupil  Personnel  Services  143 

Costs  of  Maryland  Schools: 

Total,  Per  Cent  from  State  144 

Distribution  of  Tax  Dollar  148 

Cost  per  Pupil  150 

Average   Salaries  158 

Salaries     162 

Transportation    164 

Adult  Education,  Vocational  Education  169 

School  Lunch,  School  Milk  178 

Capital  Outlay,  Bonded  Indebtedness,  Value  of  School  Property 181 

County  Levies,  Assessments,  Tax  Rates  185 

State  Individual  Income  Tax  per  Capita  191 

Per  Capita  Income  by  States  and  by  Year  in  Maryland  192 

Maryland  State  Teachers  Colleges;  Junior  Colleges 194 

Contributions  of  Teachers  to  State  Teachers'  Retirement  System  202 

Parent-Teacher  Associations  203 

Baltimore  City  Summer  Schools;  High  School  Equivalence  204 

Vocational  Rehabilitation  206 

Library  Extension,  Aid  to  School  Libraries  208 

Financial  Statements  and  Statistical  Tables  211 

Index  262 

11 


Baltimore,  Maryland 
January  1,  1956 

The  Honorable  Theodore  R.  McKeldin 
Government  House 
Annapolis,  Maryland 

Dear  Governor  McKeldin: 

In  accordance  with  the  provision  of  the  laws  of  Maryland, 
I  have  the  honor  to  present  to  you  herewith,  the  eighty-ninth 
"annual  report  covering  all  operations  of  the  State  department  of 
education  and  the  support,  conditions,  progress  and  needs  of  educa- 
tion throughout  the  State"  for  the  period  beginning  July  1,  1954, 
and  ending  June  30,  1955. 

Respectfully  submitted, 

Thomas  G.  Pullen,  Jr. 
Secretary-Treasurer 
State  Board  of  Education 


12 


INDEX 

1955  Maryland  Legislation 

Affecting  Education 
Subject  Chapter        Bill 

Assessment  of  Stock  in  Business 716  H  214 

Annual  Audit — Cecil  County  Board  of  Education 123  H  229 

Annual  Audit — Harford  County  Board  of  Education 213  S  373 

Bids  for  School  Construction — Baltimore  County 37  H     69 

Biennial  School  Census 510  H  636 

511  H  637 

Board  of  Education — Prince  George's  County 367  H  413 

Bond  Authorization 

Allegany  County 167  H  531 

Anne  Arundel  County 205  S  198 

Baltimore  City 2  S     29 

Caroline  County 321  S  509 

Cecil  County 223  S  475 

Prince  George's  County 373  H  477 

Somerset  County 539  H  809 

Talbot  County 64  S  259 

Washington  County 392  H  635 

Wicomico  County 305  S  446 

Worcester  County 256  H  680 

Child  Study  Groups SR     47 

Coppin  State  Teachers  College — Armory SJR     22 

Frederick  Public  Library 582  S  352 

General  Construction  Loan  of  1955 266  S  218 

Handicapped  Children SJR      2 

Handicapped  Children — Allegany  County HR     67 

Hood  College— Scholarships 86  S     63 

One- Year  Assessment  Plan 116  H  131 

Peabody  Institute— Scholarships 589  S  420 

Retired  Teachers SR     52 

Retired  Teachers — Allegany  County 533  H  765 

Retirement  Systems — Integration  with  Social  Security SJR       9 

Retirement  Systems — Rates  of  Interest 27  H       1 

Scholarships HR     70 

School  Buildings SR     54 

Social  Security  and  State  Employees 636  H  228 

Supplementary  Pensions — Baltimore  County 492  H  487 

Surplus  Foods 385  H  614 

Teachers'  Retirement  System 272  S  255 

Teachers'  Retirement  System 598  S  515 

Teachers'  Salaries— Allegany  County 380  H  590 

Teachers' Salaries— Garrett  County 599  S  516 

Temporary  Use  of  Anne  Arundel  County  School  Buildings 372  H  456 

Tobacco  Tax  for  Schools— Wicomico  County 619  S  599 

Transportation  of  Nonpublic  School  Children — Harford  County      112  H     75 

Transportation  of  Nonpublic  School  Children— Talbot  County  .       403  H  699 

Use  of  Schools  for  Certain  Purposes— Montgomery  County 512  H  639 

Vocational  Rehabilitation 513  H  643 

War  Orphans— Education 274  S  273 

Workshop  for  the  Blind — Vending  Stands 5  H     18 

Workshops  for  the  Blind 100  S  243 


13 


14  EiGHTY-NihfTH  Annual  Report 

LEGISLATION  AFFECTING  EDUCATION  ENACTED  BY  THE 
GENERAL  ASSEMBLY  OF  MARYLAND 

Regular  Session — January-March,  1955 

Legislation  Having  State- Wide  Effect 

Assessment  of  Stock  in  Business 

Chapter  716,  House  Bill  214,  repeals  and  re-enacts  Section  14  of  Article  81  re- 
lating to  the  assessment  of  stock  in  business.  Such  stock  in  Baltimore 
County  is  to  be  assessed  at  75  per  cent  of  fair  value.  Frederick  County 
and  the  City  of  Frederick  are  added  to  the  list  of  subdivisions  which  assess 
such  stock  at  60  per  cent  of  fair  value.  That  part  of  the  law  which  directed 
stock  assessment  exemptions  to  be  disregarded  for  computing  Equalization 
and  Incentive  Fund  payments  was  repealed.     Effective  date  is  June  1,  1955. 

Biennial  School  Census 

Chapters  510  and  511,  House  Bill  636  and  House  Bill  637,  repeal  Sections  24,  43, 
and  155  of  Article  77,  which  made  it  mandatory  for  the  counties  and  the 
City  of  Baltimore  to  take  a  biennial  school  census,  and  amend  Section  64  of 
Article  77  to  make  the  taking  of  such  a  census  permissive  instead  of  manda- 
tory.    Effective  date  is  June  1,  1955, 

Child  Study  Groups 

Senate  Resolution  47  requests  a  State  appropriation  to  certain  Child  Study 
Groups  and  Child  Guidance  Services  affiliated  with  the  public  schools. 

Coppin  State  Teachers  College — Armory 

Senate  Joint  Resolution  22  requests  the  Board  of  Public  Works  to  make  available 
a  site  on  the  grounds  of  Coppin  State  Teachers  College  for  the  construction 
of  an  armory. 

General  Construction  Loan  of  1955 

Chapter  266,  Senate  Bill  218,  authorizes  the  creation  of  a  State  debt  of  $9,195,750, 
the  proceeds  of  which  will  be  used  to  construct,  equip,  and  acquire  land  for 
necessary  State  buildings.  Funds  for  certain  capital  improvements  at  the 
State  teachers  colleges  are  included  in  this  Act.  Effective  date  is  June  1, 
1955.     Following  are  the  amounts  allocated  to  each  of  the  colleges: 

Bowie 

Construction  of  roads  and  walks $40,000 

Supplement  for  women's  dormitory 30,000 

Total $70,000 

Frostburg 

Equipment  for  2  dormitories $27,000 

Grading,  etc 54,000 

Supplement  for  men's  dormitory 47,500 

Supplement  for  women's  dormitory 47,500 

Total $176,000 

Salisbury 

Equipment  for  library $35,000 

Acquisition  of  land 15,000 

Supplement  for  library 70,000 

Equipment  for  demonstration  school  library 4,300 

Total $124,500 

Towson 

Acquisition  of  land $45,000 

Plans  for  women's  dormitory 25,000 

Total $70,000 


Maryland  State  Department  of  Education  15 

Handicapped  Children 

Senate  Joint  Resolution  2  requests  a  special  commission  to  be  appointed  by  the 
Governor  to  study  preschool  training  for  handicapped  children. 

Hood  College — Scholarships 

Chapter  86,  Senate  Bill  63,  adds  Hood  College  to  the  number  of  those  Maryland 
colleges  empowered  to  grant  State  senatorial  scholarships  in  the  area  of 
teacher  preparation.     Effective  date  is  July  1,  1955. 

One-Year  Assessment  Plan 

Chapter  116,  House  Bill  131,  repeals  and  re-enacts  Section  2  of  Chapter  69  of  the 
Acts  of  1954,  with  the  provision  that  the  Act  shall  take  effect  on  July  1,  1955, 
instead  of  on  July  1,  1956.  By  this  provision,  the  so-called  one-year  assess- 
ment plan  is  brought  into  effect.     Effective  date  is  July  1,  1955. 

Peabody  Institute — Scholarships 

Chapter  589,  Senate  Bill  420,  adds  Peabody  Institute  to  the  number  of  those 
Maryland  institutions  of  higher  learning  empowered  to  grant  State  scholar- 
ships provided  that  the  student  give  bond  to  the  State  that  he  will  teach  in 
the  public  schools  of  Maryland  for  at  least  two  years.  Effective  date  is 
July  1,  1955. 

Retirement  Systems — Integration  with  Social  Security 

Senate  Joint  Resolution  9  requests  a  study  of  the  feasibility  of  integrating  the 
Employees'  and  the  Teachers'  Retirement  Systems  with  the  Federal  Old 
Age  and  Survivors  Insurance  System. 

Retirement  Systems — Rates  of  Interest 

Chapter  27,  House  Bill  1,  provides  that  the  rate  of  interest  allowed  by  the  State 
Employees,  the  State  Police,  and  the  State  Teachers  Retirement  Systems, 
shall  be  limited  to  a  maximum  of  4  per  cent  for  members  in  service  on  or 
before  June  30,  1955,  and  shall  be  limited  to  a  maximum  of  3  per  cent  for 
those  persons  becoming  members  on  and  after  July  1,  1955.  Effective  date 
is  July  1,  1955. 

Retired  Teachers 

Senate  Resolution  52  requests  the  Legislative  Council  to  study  the  needs  and 
financial  status  of  the  retired  school  teachers  of  the  State. 

Scholarships 

House  Resolution  70  requests  the  Legislative  Council  to  study  the  possibility  of 
improving  the  system  of  awarding  scholarships  through  members  of  the 
General  Assembly. 

School  Buildings 

Senate  Resolution  54  requests  the  Legislative  Council  to  study  the  financing  of 
public  school  facilities  in  this  State. 

Social  Security  and  State  Employees 

Chapter  636,  House  Bill  228,  permits  employees  of  the  State  and  of  its  political 
subdivisions,  and  including  the  members  of  the  State  Teachers  Retirement 
System,  to  participate  in  the  Federal  Old  Age  and  Survivors  Insurance  Sys- 
tem.   Effective  date  is  June  1,  1955. 

Surplus  Foods 

Chapter  385,  House  Bill  614,  authorizes  the  Governor  to  designate  an  agency 
or  department  of  the  State  to  accept  surplus  foods  from  the  Federal  govern- 
ment.    Effective  date  is  June  1,  1955. 

Teachers'  Retirement  System 

Chapter  272,  Senate  Bill  255,  repeals  and  re-enacts,  with  amendments,  Sub- 
section (15)  of  Section  104  of  Article  77.  This  Act  re-defines  the  term 
"Average   Final   Compensation"   which  is  used  in   calculating  retirement 


16  Eighty-Ninth  Annual  Report 

benefits.  Beginning  July  31,  1955,  "Average  Final  Compensation"  shall 
mean  the  five  (5)  consecutive  years  of  highest  earnings  instead  of  the  ten  (10) 
as  formerly  required.     Effective  date  is  July  31,  1955. 

Teachers*  Retirement  System 

Chapter  598,  Senate  Bill  515,  adds  subsection  (9)  to  Section  109  of  Article  77, 
repeals  and  re-enacts  subsection  (1)  (d)  and  subsection  (7)  of  Section  112. 
This  Act  permits  a  retired  member  to  accept  part-time  employment  in  which 
all  or  part  of  the  compensation  comes  from  State  funds  and  to  increase 
voluntarily  his  deposits  in  the  Annuity  Savings  Fund  to  the  point  where  he 
will  receive  a  retirement  allowance  not  in  excess  of  two-thirds  of  his  average 
final  compensation.     Effective  date  is  July  31,  1955. 

Vocational  Rehabilitation 

Chapter  513,  House  Bill  643,  repeals  and  re-enacts,  with  amendments,  Sections 
287  and  288  of  Article  77,  to  authorize  the  State  Board  of  Education  to  co- 
operate with  the  U.  S.  Department  of  Health,  Education,  and  Welfare  in 
order  to  carry  out  the  disability  determination  provisions  of  the  Federal 
Social  Security  Act.     Effective  date  is  June  1,  1955. 

War  Orphans — Education 

Chapter  274,  Senate  Bill  273,  amends  Section  49(a)  of  Article  963^  to  remove  the 
time  restriction  on  State  aid  for  the  education  of  the  children  of  certain 
deceased  veterans.  The  child  of  any  member  of  the  Armed  Forces  who  was 
killed  in  action  or  who  died  as  a  result  of  such  service  after  December  7,  1941, 
may  qualify  for  the  educational  aid.  The  former  law  stated  that  death  had 
to  occur  between  December  7,  1941,  and  the  end  of  the  Korean  hostilities. 
Effective  date  is  June  1,  1955. 

Workshop  for  the  Blind — Vending  Stands 

Chapter  5,  House  Bill  18,  authorizes  the  Maryland  Workshop  for  the  Blind  to 
contract  for  the  operation  of  vending  stands  in  privately-owned  buildings  or 
premises  throughout  the  State.     Effective  date  is  June  1,  1955. 

Workshops  for  the  Blind 

Chapter  100,  Senate  Bill  243,  authorizes  the  location  of  workshops  for  the  blind 
in  parts  of  the  State  other  than  Baltimore  ICity.  Effective  date  is  June  1, 
1955. 

Local  Legislation 

Annual  Audit — Cecil  County  Board  of  Education 

Chapter  123,  House  Bill  229,  adds  Cecil  County  to  those  counties  whose  boards 
of  education  are  required  to  submit  to  their  county  commissioners  an  annual 
report  containing  (1)  a  statement  of  the  source  and  application  of  all  funds 
received  and  expended  and  the  balance  in  each  account;  (2)  a  statement  show- 
ing the  operating  results,  receipts,  expenditures,  and  balances  of  the  public 
schools.     Effective  date  is  June  1,  1955. 

Annual  Audit — Harford  County  Board  of  Education 

Chapter  213,  Senate  Bill  373,  adds  Harford  County  to  those  counties  whose 
boards  of  education  are  required  to  submit  to  their  county  commissioners  an 
annual  report  containing  (1)  a  statement  of  the  source  and  application  of  all 
funds  received  and  expended  and  the  balance  in  each  account;  (2)  a  statement 
showing  the  operating  results,  receipts,  expenditures,  and  balances  of  the 
public  schools.     Effective  date  is  June  1,  1955. 

Bids  for  School  Construction — Baltimore  County 

Chapter  37,  House  Bill  69,  increases  from  $1,000  to  $5,000  the  cost  of  any  school 
building  construction,  supplies,  or  equipment  which  must  be  advertised  for 
bids  in  Baltimore  County.     Effective  date  is  June  1,  1955. 


Maryland  State  Department  of  Education  17 

Board  of  Education — Prince  George's  County 

Chapter  367,  House  Bill  413,  repeals  and  re-enacts,  with  amendments,  Section  12 
of  Article  77  {The  Public  School  Laws  of  Maryland — 1955),  to  raise  from  two 
to  three  the  number  of  members  of  the  Prince  George's  County  Board  of 
Education  (7  members)  who  must  belong  to  that  political  party  which  polled 
second  highest  number  of  votes  in  most  recent  gubernatorial  election.  Effec- 
tive date  is  June  1,  1955. 

Bond  Authorization — Allegany  County 

Chapter  167,  House  Bill  531,  authorizes  the  County  Commissioners  of  Allegany 
County  to  borrow  an  amount  not  to  exceed  $800,000  for  the  purpose  of  con- 
structing new  schools  and  additions  to  existing  ones.  A  specific  schedule  of 
the  construction,  repair,  and  addition  work  is  included  in  the  Act.  Eflfective 
date  is  June  1,  1955. 

Bond  Authorization — Anne  Arundel  County 

Chapter  205,  Senate  Bill  198,  authorizes  the  Anne  Arundel  County  Board  of 
Education  with  the  approval  of  the  County  Commissioners  of  Anne  Arundel 
County,  to  borrow  an  amount  not  to  exceed  $8,000,000  to  finance  the  con- 
struction or  extension  of  public  schools.     Effective  date  is  June  1,  1955. 

Bond  Authorization — Baltimore  City 

Chapter  2,  Senate  Bill  29,  authorizes  the  Mayor  and  City  Council  of  Baltimore  to 
borrow  an  amount  not  to  exceed  $29,500,000  for  the  acquisition  of  land  and 
for  the  construction  of  school  facilities.     Effective  date  is  May  3,  1955. 

Bond  Authorization — Caroline  County 

Chapter  321,  Senate  Bill  509,  authorizes  the  County  Commissioners  of  Caroline 
County  to  borrow  an  amount  not  to  exceed  $1,600,000  to  purchase  property 
to  construct  thereupon  a  consolidated  .senior  high  school  and  to  build  a  new 
Federalsburg  School,  or  to  erect  additions  to  the  existing  school.  Effective 
date:     Referendum  to  be  held  in  June,  1955. 

Bond  Authorization — Cecil  County 

Chapter  223,  Senate  Bill  475,  authorizes  the  County  Commissioners  of  Cecil 
County  to  borrow  an  amount  not  to  exceed  $2,000,000  for  the  purpose  of 
constructing,  extending,  and  equipping  schools  and  for  acquiring  sites  for 
such  schools.     Effective  date  is  April  1,  1955. 

Bond  Authorization — Prince  George's  County 

Chapter  373,  House  Bill  477,  authorizes  the  Board  of  Education  and  the  Board 
of  County  Commissioners  of  Prince  George's  County  to  issue  serial  bonds  in 
an  amount  not  to  exceed  $10,000,000  for  the  purpose  of  acquiring  land  and 
constructing  school  facilities.     Effective  date  is  April  11,  1955. 

Bond  Authorization — Somerset  County 

Chapter  539,  House  Bill  809,  authorizes  the  County  Commissioners  of  Somerset 
County  to  sell  serial  bonds  in  an  amount  not  to  exceed  $850,000  for  the  pur- 
pose of  constructing  and  equipping  schools  and  for  acquiring  sites  for  such 
schools.     Effective  date  is  April  19,  1955. 

Bond  Authorization — Talbot  County 

Chapter  64,  Senate  Bill  259,  authorizes  the  County  Commissioners  of  Talbot 
County  to  borrow  an  amount  not  to  exceed  $1,000,000  for  the  purpose  of 
constructing  and  extending  schools  and  for  acquiring  sites  for  such  schools. 
Effective  date  is  May  1,  1955. 

Bond  Authorization — Washington  County 

Chapter  392,  House  Bill  635,  authorizes  the  County  Commissioners  of  Washington 
County  to  borrow  an  amount  not  to  exceed  $8,000,000  for  the  purpose  of 
constructing  new  schools.     Effective  date  is  May  1,  1955. 


18  Eighty-Ninth  Annual  Report 

Bond  Authorization — Wicomico  County 

Chapter  305,  Senate  Bill  446,  authorizes  the  County  Commissioners  of  Wicomico 
County  to  borrow  the  amount  of  $300,000  for  the  purpose  of  constructing 
and  extending  schools  and  for  acquiring  sites  for  such  schools.  Effective 
date  is  April  11,  1955. 

Bond  Authorization — Worcester  County 

Chapter  256,  House  Bill  680,  authorizes  the  County  Commissioners  of  Worcester 
County  to  sell  serial  bonds  in  an  amount  not  to  exceed  $1,500,000  for  the 
purpose  of  building  and  equipping  two  separate  high  schools,  one  in  or  near 
Pocomoke  City,  and  the  other  in  or  near  Snow  Hill.  Effective  date  is 
April  1,  1955. 

Frederick  Public  Library 

Chapter  582,  Senate  Bill  352,  adds  Section  195B  to  Article  77,  which  removes  the 
C.  Burr  Artz  Library  of  Frederick  from  the  supervision  of  the  State  Superin- 
tendent of  Schools  and  the  Division  of  Library  Extension.  The  C.  Burr 
Artz  Library  shall  continue  to  be  entitled  to  benefits  under  Section  178  of 
Article  77.     Effective  date  is  May  1,  1955. 

Handicapped  Children — Allegany  County 

House  Resolution  67  requests  the  establishment  of  facilities  for  the  teaching 
and  training  of  handicapped  children  in  Allegany  County, 

Retired  Teachers — Allegany  County 

Chapter  533,  House  Bill  765,  empowers  the  Allegany  County  Board  of  County 
Commissioners  to  pay  an  annual  pension  of  not  less  than  $400  to  certain 
former  public  school  teachers  not  eligible  to  retire  under  the  provisions  of 
Chapter  447  of  the  Acts  of  1920.     Effective  date  is  May  1,  1955. 

Supplementary  Pensions — Baltimore  County 

Chapter  492,  House  Bill  487,  provides  for  certain  supplementary  pensions  to  be 
paid  to  those  Baltimore  County  public  school  teachers  who  retired  after  30 
years  of  creditable  service  because  of  physical  disability.  Effective  date  is 
May  1,  1956. 

Teachers'  Salaries — Allegany  County 

Chapter  380,  House  Bill  590,  adds  Section  102  (k)  to  Article  77  to  authorize  the 
Allegany  County  Board  of  Commissioners  to  increase  the  salaries  of  all 
teachers,  principals,  and  administrative  and  supervisory  personnel  by  $300 
for  the  school  year  1955-1956.  For  the  school  year  1956-57  and  continuing 
thereafter  from  year  to  year  all  such  salaries  shall  be  increased  by  $100. 
Effective  date  is  April  11,  1955. 

Teachers'  Salaries — Garrett  County 

Chapter  599,  Senate  Bill  516,  directs  the  County  Commissioners  of  Garrett  County 
to  levy  a  Ic  a  pack  cigarette  tax,  the  proceeds  of  which  are  to  be  used  (1)  to 
increase  teachers'  salaries  and  (2)  for  construction  and  maintenance  of  the 
school  system.     Effective  date  is  May  1,  1955. 

Temporary  Use  of  Anne  Arundel  County  School  Buildings 

Chapter  372,  House  Bill  456,  authorizes  the  county  school  superintendent  to  permit 
the  use  of  Anne  Arundel  County  public  school  buildings  for  Sunday  school 
purposes  while  the  Sunday  school  buildings  are  undergoing  repairs.  Effec- 
tive date  is  May  1,  1955. 

Tobacco  Tax  for  Schools — Wicomico  County 

Chapter  619,  Senate  Bill  599,  authorizes  the  County  Commissioners  of  Wicomico 
County  to  levy  certain  taxes  on  retailers  of  tobacco  products.  The  proceeds 
of  these  taxes  are  to  be  used  solely  for  the  purpose  of  constructing  school 
buildings  and/or  for  the  retirement  of  bonded  indebtedness  incurred  in  public 
school  construction.      Effective  date  is  May  1,  1955. 


Maryland  State  Department  of  Education  19 

Transportation  of  Nonpublic  School  Children — Harford  County 

Chapter  112,  House  Bill  75,  provides  that  children  attending  schools  in  Harford 
County  which  do  not  receive  State  aid  shall  be  entitled,  under  certain  condi- 
tions, to  transportation  on  the  public  school  buses.  Eflfective  date  is  May  1, 
1955. 

Transportation  of  Nonpublic  School  Children — Talbot  County 

Chapter  403,  House  Bill  699,  provides  that  children  attending  schools  in  Talbot 
County  which  do  not  receive  State  aid  shall  be  entitled,  under  certain  condi- 
tions, to  transportation  on  the  public  school  buses.  Eflfective  date  is  May  1, 
1955. 

Use  of  Schools  for  Certain  Purposes — Montgomery  County 

Chapter  512,  House  Bill  639,  authorizes  the  Montgomery  County  Board  of  Educa- 
tion to  allow  the  use  of  public  school  buildings  for  religious  purposes,  partisan 
political  meetings,  and  public  elections.     Effective  date  is  May  1,  1955. 


20  Eighty-Ninth  Annual  Report 

NOTES  FROM  THE  MINUTES  OF  THE  STATE  BOARD 
OF  EDUCATION 

August  25,  1954 

The  State  Board  passed  the  following  resolution  on  Mr. 
Richard  Marcus,  a  member  of  the  State  Board  of  Education  from 
November,  1953,  to  August,  1954: 

Resolution  On  Mr.  Richard  Marcus 

The  State  Board  of  Education  wishes  to  express  its  sorrow  at  the 
death  of  Mr.  Richard  Marcus,  on  August  8,  1954. 

Mr.  Marcus  was  a  graduate  of  the  Forest  Park  High  School  and  had 
attended  Washington  and  Lee  University  and  the  Johns  Hopkins  Uni- 
versity. A  very  successful  industrialist,  he  took  an  active  interest  in 
civic  and  philanthropic  movements;  supported  the  establishment  of 
Brandeis  University  in  Waltham,  Massachusetts;  was  a  member  of  the 
Boards  of  Sinai  Hospital,  the  Associated  Jewish  Charities,  and  the  Jewish 
Welfare  Fund;  and  was  an  officer  or  a  member  of  several  clubs. 

Although  Mr.  Marcus  had  been  a  member  of  the  State  Board  of 
Education  only  since  the  late  fall  of  1953,  his  keen  interest  in  public 
education,  his  sound  judgment,  and  his  affable  personality  impressed  all 
his  colleagues  on  the  Board.  They  had  looked  forward  with  pleasure 
to  continued  association  with  him  and  feel  that  the  Maryland  public 
school  system  has  indeed  lost  a  friend 

After  hearing  from  representatives  of  the  Baltimore  Symphony- 
Orchestra  Association,  the  Board  approved  a  plan  to  make  available 
to  the  county  schools  thirteen  broadcasts  by  the  Orchestra  subject 
to  the  following  conditions:  that  the  use  of  the  program  be  volun- 
tary and  be  subject  to  the  approval  of  the  respective  county  boards 
of  education;  that  the  content  of  the  programs  be  under  the  control 
of  the  State  Board  of  Education;  that  the  sponsors  be  acceptable; 
that  the  wording  of  the  commercials  used  be  satisfactory  to  the 
Superintendent;  and  that  the  cost  be  met  entirely  by  the  sponsoring 
firms.  A  similar  arrangement  had  already  been  made  with  the 
Orchestra  by  the  Board  of  School  Commissioners  of  Baltimore  City. 

At  the  Board's  request,  Mr.  W.  Giles  Parker,  Assistant  At- 
torney General,  stated  that  the  Attorney  General's  office  had  studied 
the  per  curiam  opinions  handed  down  by  the  Supreme  Court  after 
the  opinion  on  segregation.  It  was  the  feeling  of  that  office  that 
the  per  curiam  opinions  did  not  affect  segregation  in  any  of  the 
Maryland  schools.  Some  of  the  cases  were  remanded  after  con- 
sideration in  the  light  of  present  situations  and  in  some  instances 
the  original  conditions  no  longer  obtained.  There  is  a  separate 
law  in  Maryland  about  the  teachers  colleges  and  this  law  specifically 
enjoins  the  State  Board  of  Education  to  operate  a  teachers  college 
or  colleges  for  Negro  students.  The  State  Board  of  Education 
has  no  authority  to  take  action  toward  desegregation  at  the  teachers 
colleges  until  the  Supreme  Court  issues  a  decree  on  the  subject. 
Until  that  time  the  State  law  is  the  governing  statute. 

Mr.  Parker  also  stated  that  Baltimore  City  operates  under  a 
charter  which  gives  it  a  certain  professional  autonomy  but  that  he 


Maryland  State  Department  op  Education  21 

thought  the  City  Solicitor  had  anticipated  the  Supreme  Court  by 
his  decision. 

Dr.  Pullen  informed  the  Board  that  he  was  working  with  six 
institutions  of  higher  learning  in  Maryland,  in  the  hope  of  being 
able  to  approve  elementary  education  programs  which  the  colleges 
plan  to  offer.  All  of  them  have  expressed  their  willingness  to  comply, 
with  minor  exceptions,  with  the  recommendations  of  the  special 
committees  engaged  to  advise  the  State  Superintendent. 

The  Board  approved  the  proposed  revision  of  course  require- 
ments in  the  State  teachers  colleges.  The  revisions  cover  the  fol- 
lowing points: 

A.  That  the  minimum  of  128  semester  hours  required  for  graduation  be  distributed 
as  follows: 

1.      General  education 65  Semester  hours 

English 14  Semester  hours 

Social  Sciences 18  Semester  hours 

Science 12  Semester  hours 

Music 4  Semester  hours 

Art 4  Semester  hours 

Health 3  Semester  hours 

Physical  Education 4  Semester  hours 

Mathematics 3  Semester  hours 

Psychology 3  Semester  hours 

Professional  Education  (Including  Student 

Teaching) 35  Semester  hours 

Electives 28  Semester  hours 

B.  That  ordinarily  not  more  than  approximately  one-half  of  the  28  semester 
hours  in  electives  be  used  for  study  in  any  one  field.  That  the  remaining  14 
semester  hours  in  electives  be  available  for  the  development  of  a  well-rounded 
program. 

C.  That  each  college  have  autonomy  within  the  above  framework  as  regards  the 
development  of  this  program. 

The  Board  approved  the  report  of  the  State  Committee  on 
Foreign  Languages,  including  the  suggestion  that  further  study  and 
exploration  of  the  entire  language  area  be  carried  out.  Such  ex- 
ploration may  be  done  in  various  ways,  including  experimentation, 
setting  up  certain  pilot  schools,  summer  workshop  programs,  or  as 
projects  of  various  subcommittees  of  the  State  Committee  on 
Foreign  Languages.  The  work  of  these  various  exploratory  groups 
may  well  center  upon  both  the  content  and  the  procedures  at  the 
different  grade  levels  of  the  elementary,  junior  high,  and  senior 
high  school. 

Approval  was  given  by  the  Board  of  the  budgets  for  the  State 
Department  of  Education  and  for  the  State  teachers  colleges  after 
they  had  been  reviewed  by  Dr.  Zimmerman. 

The  recommendation  of  the  Department  of  Budget  and  Pro- 
curement to  include  a  request  in  the  State  Budget  for  a  business 
manager  to  work  with  the  Teachers  Colleges  was  approved  by  the 
Board. 


22  Eighty-Ninth  Annual  Report 

The  Board  approved  certain  recommendations  with  regard  to 
bank  accounts  under  the  jurisdiction  of  the  State  Board  of  Edu- 
cation.    Included  in  this  approval  was  the  following  provision: 

That  the  State  Board  should  review  annually  all  the  bank  ac- 
counts maintained  by  the  State  Department  of  Education,  including 
the  names  of  the  accounts,  banks  involved,  and  the  authorized 
signers,  and  that  information  on  these  points  be  included  in  the 
minutes. 

November  24,  1954 

Mrs.  Richard  Marcus  was  welcomed  as  a  new  member  of  the 
State  Board  of  Education. 

Dr.  Zimmerman  presented  a  consolidated  summary  of  the 
State  Department  budget  (State  Department,  public  schools,  teach- 
ers colleges)  for  1955-56.  He  reviewed  the  legal  basis  for  the  funds 
in  the  public  school  budget  and  called  attention  to  some  of  the  in- 
formation required  in  estimating  these  funds,  i.e.,  prediction  of 
enrollments,  number  of  teachers,  salaries  to  teachers,  and  assess- 
ments.    Approval  was  given  by  the  Board  to  the  entire  budget. 

Plans  were  announced  to  send  to  Board  members  prior  to  each 
regular  meeting  a  report  of  the  preceding  fiscal  quarter  on  expendi- 
tures of  the  State  Department  of  Education  including  all  funds  dis- 
tributed to  local  units.  In  discussing  the  quarterly  report,  Mr. 
William  L.  Barall,  Supervisor  of  Finance,  explained  that  the  De- 
partment handles  very  little  actual  money.  The  Department  has 
a  regular  revolving  fund  used  for  expense  accounts.  Board  expenses, 
and  petty  cash. 

The  Board  was  advised  that  the  United  States  Department  of 
Agriculture  had  allocated  $553,276  to  Maryland  for  the  Special 
Milk  Program.  The  plan  of  operation  for  this  program  as  well  as 
the  commitments,  and  the  contracts  between  the  Commodity 
Credit  Corporation  and  the  State  Department  of  Education  and 
between  the  local  school  boards  and  the  Department  were  approved 
by  the  Board. 

The  recommendation  of  the  School  Superintendents  (meeting — 
September  20,  1954)  that  the  State  Department  should  not  con- 
tinue to  distribute  surplus  property  available  from  the  Federal 
Government  was  approved  by  the  Board.  The  Assistant  Supervisor 
who  has  been  working  in  this  field  on  a  part-time  basis  will  con- 
tinue in  the  School  Lunch  Program  (Surplus  Commodities)  and  in 
addition  will  work  with  the  Special  Milk  Program. 

The  State  Superintendent  reported  that  the  Assistant  Attorney 
General  has  ruled  that  By-law  23,  requiring  medical  examination 
of  teachers,  is  void,  as  it  assumes  certain  rights  that  do  not  belong 
to  the  State  Board  of  Education.  This  by-law  requires  that  "Be- 
fore any  regular  Maryland  certificate  is  issued  to  a  public  school 
teacher  or  other  school  official,  the  applicant  shall  undergo  a  special 
medical  examination  by  one  of  the  county  physicians  especially 


Maryland  State  Department  of  Education  23 

appointed  for  this  work  and  the  report  of  the  physician  shall  be 
accepted  by  the  Medical  Board  of  the  Teachers'  Retirement  Sys- 
tem." 

Since  the  medical  examination  is  not  required  for  the  emergency 
certificate,  and  since,  according  to  Section  136  of  Article  77  of  the 
1951  edition  of  the  Annotated  Code,  "at  the  opening  of  each  annual 
term  teachers  must  furnish  a  health  certificate  from  a  registered 
physician,  addressed  to  the  Superintendent  of  Schools,  certifying 
that  they  are  not  suffering  from  tuberculosis  or  other  communicable 
disease,"  it  is  believed  unnecessary  to  require  pre-examination  of 
teachers  for  any  certificates. 

The  State  Superintendent  planned  to  confer  with  the  State 
Department  of  Health  and  the  school  superintendents  on  the  ad- 
visability of  a  by-law  strengthening  the  requirement  for  the  annual 
medical  examination  of  teachers.  A  report  will  be  made  to  the  Board 
later. 

The  Board  adopted  the  revisions  of  By-law  12,  Subsection  III, 
Qualifications  for  School-bus  Drivers,  as  proposed  by  the  superin- 
tendents of  schools: 

1.  Must  be  not  less  than  twenty-one  years  of  age  and  not  more 
than  sixty-five  years  of  age.  This  regulation  shall  take  effect 
on  September  1,  1955;  however,  any  school-bus  driver  under 
contract  at  this  date  may  continue  in  service  until  age  70  unless 
circumstances  render  him  incapable  of  performing  his  duties 
as  a  school-bus  driver  in  a  satisfactory  manner. 

2.  All  school-bus  drivers  65  years  of  age  or  over  shall  be  required 
to  take  annually  a  road  test  for  school-bus  drivers,  as  prepared 
and  administered  by  the  State  Department  of  Motor  Vehicles. 

It  was  pointed  out  that  the  Attorney  General  had  approved  the 
revision  of  By-law  12;  also  that  any  county  board  of  education 
may  adopt  a  higher  minimum  standard  by  local  regulation. 

Dr.  Pullen  stated  that  Governor  McKeldin  had  received  from 
President  Eisenhower  an  invitation  to  participate  in  the  education 
program  of  the  U.  S.  Department  of  Health,  Education,  and  Wel- 
fare, offering  an  appropriation  of  $10,000  to  aid  in  calling  State 
meetings  of  interested  citizens.  The  Governor  accepted  the  invita- 
tion and  appointed  the  State  Superintendent  of  Schools  as  Chairman 
of  the  Maryland  conference  and  as  the  proper  official  to  apply  for 
the  funds  allotted  and  to  be  responsible  for  expenditures  authorized 
by  Public  Law  530,  83rd  Congress. 

It  was  stated  that  the  required  form  had  been  filed  for  the 
appropriation  and  that  plans  had  been  made  for  a  preliminary  meet- 
ing with  several  members  of  the  Department  and  school  people  in 
the  State  to  develop  a  program  for  the  State  conference.  The 
Board  approved  this  action. 

Dr.  Pullen  called  the  attention  of  the  Board  to  the  brief  sub- 
mitted to  the  Supreme  Court  of  the  United  States  by  the  Attorney 


24  Eight Y-NiNTH  Annual  Report 

General,  the  Report  of  the  Superintendents'  Committee  on  Segrega- 
tion, the  Resolutions  of  the  Maryland  Congress  of  Parents  and 
Teachers  and  the  Maryland  State  Teachers'  Association,  and  the 
West  River  Proclamation  on  Segregation.  He  commented  that  he 
felt  that  the  school  people  of  Maryland  would  abide  by  the  spirit 
of  the  Supreme  Court  decision  and  would  work  out  the  problems  of 
desegregation  in  the  best  way  possible. 

The  Board  approved  the  recommendation  by  the  Superintendent 
that  the  new  auditorium-gymnasium  which  is  being  erected  at  the 
State  Teachers  College  at  Frostburg  be  named  Compton  Hall,  in 
honor  of  Miss  Lillian  C.  Compton  who,  on  December  12,  1954,  re- 
tired as  president  of  the  College.     (Board  minutes  May  26,  1954.) 

The  Board  approved  the  appointment  of  Dr.  Wilbur  Devilbiss, 
Dean  of  the  College  of  Education  of  the  University  of  Maryland, 
as  President  of  the  State  Teachers  College  at  Salisbury  as  of  July  1, 
1955.  (Prior  to  becoming  Dean  of  Education  at  the  University 
of  Maryland,  Dr.  Devilbiss  had  served  the  public  schools  of  Mary- 
land as  a  teacher,  principal,  and  as  Supervisor  of  High  Schools 
and  of  Teacher  and  Higher  Education  at  the  State  Department  of 
Education.) 

February  23,  1955 

At  the  Board's  request,  Mr.  Harrison  L.  Winter,  Deputy 
Attorney  General,  reviewed  the  pending  suit  against  the  Cecil 
County  Board  of  Education  and  the  Commanding  Officer  at  the 
Naval  Training  Center  at  Bainbridge  to  require  desegregation  in 
the  school  which  occupies  rented  quarters  on  the  Base. 

The  attorney  for  the  Cecil  County  Board  of  Education  has 
argued  that  the  State  Board  and  the  State  Department  should  be 
parties  to  the  suit  since  in  signing  the  contract  and  operating  a 
segregated  school,  the  local  board  was  carrying  out  the  policy  of 
the  State  Board  of  Education  and  the  directive  of  the  State  Superin- 
tendent who  acted  upon  the  advice  of  the  State  Law  Department. 

Mr.  Winter  pointed  out  that  certain  of  the  administrative  and 
professional  responsibilities  of  the  State  Superintendent  are  imposed 
upon  him  directly  by  the  Legislature  and  that  in  carrying  out  these 
directives  he  is  not  the  agent  of  the  State  Board  of  Education  but  is 
under  a  mandate  from  the  Legislature.  The  approval  of  the  con- 
tracts is  one  of  the  duties  imposed  by  the  Legislature.  The  State 
Board  of  Education  has  no  responsibility  in  the  matter. 

Dr.  Pullen  stated  that  in  his  opinion  the  problem  was  simply 
one  of  the  validity  of  a  contract  for  the  rental  of  a  building  on  the 
station  by  the  Cecil  County  Board  of  Education. 

The  Board  voted  not  to  become  a  party  to  the  suit.  It  did 
point  out,  however,  that  a  moral  obligation  was  involved  as  the  State 
Superintendent  had  refused  to  approve  the  contract  on  the  basis  of 
the  Board's  policy.  The  Board  advised  the  State  Superintendent 
to  request  the  Attorney  General  to  intervene  in  the  suit  on  behalf 


Maryland  State  Department  of  Education  25 

of  the  State  Superintendent  of  Schools  as  he  technically  had  ap- 
proved the  contract  for  the  lease  of  the  building. 

The  State  Superintendent  reported  that  the  Attorney  General 
has  given  a  formal  written  opinion  advising  the  repeal  in  its  entirety 
of  By-law  23  dealing  with  the  medical  examinations  of  teachers  and 
substituting,  if  desired,  a  new  one  in  appropriate  terms  that  con- 
form with  the  present  situation,  i.e.,  strengthening  of  the  law  re- 
quiring annual  medical  examinations  of  teachers. 

Dr.  Zimmerman  reviewed  the  State  School  Budget  as  it  had 
been  presented  to  the  Legislature  and  indicated  where  cuts  had 
been  made.  The  fiscal  authorities  had  not  included  in  the  Budget 
the  original  requests  of  the  State  Board  of  Education.  The  Board 
last  year  had  directed  the  Superintendent  to  ask  the  fiscal  authorities 
and  the  Legislature  to  include  in  the  Budget  the  requests  as  well  as 
the  allowance. 

In  answer  to  the  question  on  what  the  Board  was  doing  to  en- 
courage local  libraries,  it  was  explained  that  members  of  the  Library 
Extension  Division  of  the  State  Department  of  Education  work 
with  local  citizens  who  are  interested  in  starting  libraries.  The 
Division  also  lends  to  new  libraries  a  nucleus  of  books  with  which 
to  begin  operating.  One  deterrent  to  the  operation  of  libraries  in 
small  counties  is  that  two  cents  on  the  tax  rate  is  not  sufficient 
(along  with  State  Aid)  for  the  support  of  a  library.  Some  of  the 
poorer  counties  have  not  felt  themselves  justified  in  imposing  a 
higher  tax  for  this  purpose. 

The  Board  was  advised  that  aid  to  junior  colleges  has  been  in- 
creased from  $100  to  $150  (final  budget  allowance — $125)  per  full- 
time  student.  The  general  plan  has  been  to  take  care  of  the  costs 
of  public  junior  colleges  through  approximately  equal  contributions 
by  the  State,  the  local  board  of  education,  and  the  students. 

The  Board  was  also  advised  that  the  food  budget  at  the  four 
State  teachers  colleges  which  have  boarding  students,  provides  the 
same  proportionate  amounts  as  formerly,  76  cents  a  day  per  student 
for  raw  food.  A  study  sponsored  by  the  State  Board  indicated  that 
91  cents  was  necessary  for  an  adequate  diet  at  Towson  and  at 
Bowie,  and  because  of  higher  transportation  costs,  98  cents  at  Frost- 
burg  and  at  Salisbury.  The  Board  directed  Dr.  Pullen  to  appear 
before  the  Legislative  Committees  concerning  the  inadequate  allow- 
ance for  food  at  the  teachers  colleges. 

The  State  Superintendent  reported  that,  at  the  suggestion  of 
the  Board,  he  had  checked  with  the  local  superintendents  and  had 
found  that  periodic  financial  reports  are  submitted  to  the  local 
boards  of  education  but  that  monthly  statements  are  not  made  in 
every  county.  He  had  recommended  that  the  superintendents  follow 
the  policy  of  submitting  financial  reports  to  the  boards  at  least  at 
the  end  of  each  quarter. 


26  Eighty-Ninth  Annual  Report 

Dr.  Pullen  informed  the  Board  that  as  Chairman  of  the  State 
Commission  on  the  White  House  Conference  he  had  submitted  to 
the  Governor  the  names  of  a  number  of  people  whose  appointments 
to  the  Planning  Committee  he  has  recommended.  The  group  will 
meet  soon  and  will  plan  the  State  meetings,  which  will  take  place 
either  before  July  or  early  in  the  fall.  The  Maryland  Conference 
will  discuss  the  following  topics: 

1.  What  should  our  schools  accomplish? 

2.  How  can  we  get  enough  good  teachers  and  hold  them? 

3.  How  can  we  get  school  facilities? 

4.  How  can  we  pay  for  our  schools? 

5.  How  can  we  get  a  broader  interest  in  our  schools? 

The  Board  was  invited  to  the  meeting  of  the  high  school 
principals  on  April  29  and  30,  at  the  Lord  Baltimore  Hotel.  The 
speakers  for  this  meeting  include  Dr.  Harold  Taylor,  President  of 
Sarah  Lawrence  College,  speaking  on  the  subject  "Who  Should 
Go  to  College,"  and  Dr.  T.  M.  Stinnett,  Executive  Secretary,  Na- 
tional Commission  on  Teacher  Education  and  Professional  Stand- 
ards,  speaking  on   "Meeting  the  Growing  Needs  for  Teachers." 

The  State  Superintendent  announced  a  superintendents'  con- 
ference on  school  construction  to  be  held  in  May.  A  similar  con- 
ference which  had  taken  place  just  after  the  close  of  the  war  and 
in  which  architects  had  participated  had  resulted  in  a  substantial 
appropriation  for  school  plans  and  an  early  start  on  the  postwar 
building  program  with  a  consequent  saving  of  millions  of  dollars. 

Announcement  was  made  of  a  curriculum  workship  to  be  held 
in  June  in  which  the  group  will  review  the  curriculum  program  in 
the  public  schools  since  1945  and  will  make  plans  for  further  pro- 
gress. 

The  Board  passed  the  following  resolutions  on  Dr.  J.  D.  Black- 
well,  President  of  the  State  Teachers  College  at  Salisbury,  and  Dr. 
T.  J.  Caruthers,  Director  of  Teacher  Education  at  the  same  institu- 
tion. 

Resolution  On  Dr.  Jefferson  Davis  Blackwell 

As  Dr.  J.  D.  Blackwell  retires  from  his  position  as  President  of  the 
State  Teachers  College  at  Salisbury,  the  State  Board  of  Education  wishes 
to  express  its  appreciation  of  his  zealous  service  to  public  education  in 
Maryland. 

Dr.  Blackwell  graduated  in  agriculture  from  the  University  of  Mis- 
souri in  1914;  qualified  for  his  master's  degree  and  a  diploma  as  superin- 
tendent of  schools  at  Teachers  College,  Columbia  University,  in  1923; 
and  received  his  doctor's  degree  from  Johns  Hopkins  University  in  1929. 

Beginning  his  teaching  career  in  the  public  schools  of  Missouri,  Dr. 
Blackwell  afterwards  taught  successively  at  the  State  Teachers  College, 
Warrensburg,  Missouri,  and  at  the  Agricultural  and  Mechanical  College 
of  Texas.  He  then  became  Director  of  Vocational  Education  in  Texas 
and,  later,  Assistant  Director  of  Vocational  Education  in  Pennsylvania. 
In  1923  he  was  appointed  Director  of  Vocational  Education  in  Maryland 


Maryland  State  Department  of  Education  27 

and  in  the  spring  of  1935  assumed  the  presidency  of  the  State  Teachers 
College  at  Salisbury. 

Dr.  Blackwell  always  has  devoted  himself  enthusiastically  to  the 
responsibilities  he  has  undertaken.  When  he  went  to  Salisbury  the  State 
Teachers  Colleges  were  in  the  process  of  lengthening  the  course  for  the 
preparation  of  elementary  school  teachers  to  include  a  fourth  year,  culmi- 
nating with  bachelor's  degree.  Six  years  later,  the  War  period  brought 
its  special  problems.  In  1935  a  junior  college  division  was  established 
at  the  College  and  somewhat  later  a  long-term  building  program  was 
begun.  The  enrollment  in  the  College  has  increased  from  slightly  more 
than  one  hundred  students  to  nearly  four  hundred  fifty  full-  and  part- 
time  students.  There  are  now  a  new  dormitory  for  men  and  a  new 
demonstration  school.  Additional  land  and  buildings  have  been  acquired 
and  one  of  the  buildings  is  being  prepared  as  a  residence  for  the  College 
president. 

During  Dr.  Blackwell's  incumbency  the  College  has  been  approved 
by  the  American  Association  of  Colleges  of  Teacher  Education  and  is  to 
be  evaluated  this  year  by  the  Middle  States  Association  of  Colleges  and 
Secondary  Schools. 

Dr.  Blackwell  has  played  an  active  role  in  the  community  and  has 
maintained  contacts  with  State  and  national  professional  organizations. 

The  best  wishes  of  the  Board  go  with  Dr.  Blackwell  as  he  retires  from 
his  post  as  President  of  the  College. 

Resolution  On  Dr.  Thomas  Jefferson  Caruthers 

On  the  occasion  of  the  retirement  of  Dr.  Thomas  Jeflferson  Caruthers 
as  Director  of  Teacher  Education  at  the  State  Teachers  College  at  Salis- 
bury, the  Board  of  Education  takes  this  opportunity  to  thank  Dr. 
Caruthers  for  his  effective  service  at  the  College. 

Dr.  Caruthers  qualified  for  the  degree  of  Bachelor  of  Pedagogy  at 
the  Missouri  Normal  School  in  1908  and  for  the  Bachelor  of  Science  De- 
gree at  the  Missouri  State  Teachers  College  in  1920.  In  1925  he  received 
the  master's  degree  from  Teachers  College,  Columbia  University,  and 
in  1939  the  doctor  of  education  degree  from  New  York  University. 
For  some  years  he  was  a  teacher  or  principal  or  head  of  the  department 
of  mathematics  in  several  high  schools  in  Missouri,  served  for  a  period 
as  a  county  superintendent  of  schools,  and  from  1925  to  1934  was  Super- 
visor of  Student  Teaching  at  what  was  then  the  State  Normal  School  at 
Salisbury.  For  part  of  1934-35  he  was  acting  principal  of  the  school  and 
since  1935  has  been  Director  of  Teacher  Education  at  the  College. 

Dr.  Caruthers  has  been  a  member  of  various  State  and  national  pro- 
fessional associations  and  in  1937  served  as  chairman  of  the  Educational 
Progress  Committee  on  the  State  Teachers'  Association. 

With  devotion  to  the  cause  of  public  education  and  with  a  contagious 
enthusiasm  for  teaching.  Dr.  Caruthers  has  made  a  noteworthy  contribu- 
tion to  Maryland  schools  during  his  many  years  as  a  member  of  the 
faculty  of  the  State  Teachers  College  at  Salisbury.  May  he  enjoy  the 
well-deserved  leisure  which  soon  will  be  his!  The  best  wishes  of  the 
Board  go  with  him  in  his  retirement. 

May  25,  1955 

At  the  annual  organization  meeting  of  the  Board,  Mr.  Wendell 
D.  Allen  and  Mr.  Jerome  Framptom  were  re-elected  President  and 
Vice-president,  respectively,  of  the  State  Board  of  Education. 


28  Eighty-Ninth  Annual  Report 

The  Board  was  advised  of  the  following  action  of  the  1955 
General  Assembly  affecting  education  in  the  State  budget: 

1.  Aid  for  junior  colleges  was  reduced  from  the  requested  $150  to  $125 
per  student. 

2.  As  a  result  of  the  passage  of  a  bill  requiring  real  estate  assessments 
on  an  annual  basis,  equalization  aid  was  reduced  by  $562,029  and 
incentive  fund  aid  by  $80,262.  This  reduction  was  made  with  the 
approval  of  the  State  Department  of  Education. 

3.  Hood  College  was  allowed  $47,500  this  year  for  scholarships  for 
students  preparing  for  public  school  teaching;  next  year  the  amount 
will  be  doubled.  There  will  be  available  for  the  coming  year  one 
scholarship  for  each  legislative  district.  The  Legislature  approved 
scholarships  to  the  Peabody  Institute  for  students  preparing  for  the 
teaching  of  music,  but  no  money  for  this  purpose  will  be  available 
until  the  school  session  1956-57. 

4.  The  appropriation  for  the  Teachers'  Retirement  System  was  in- 
creased by  $280,145  to  cover  the  increased  expenses  due  to  the 
change  in  the  law  providing  that  the  average  final  compensation 
shall  mean  the  five  consecutive  years  of  highest  earnings  instead  of 
the  ten  such  years. 

The  Board  approved  the  plan  to  request  the  Adult  Education 
Board  of  the  American  Library  Association  for  a  grant  to  conduct 
the  library-community  project  of  the  study  of  basic  American 
documents  in  the  program  known  as  "Our  American  Heritage." 

The  following  resolution  was  passed  by  the  Board  on  the  OASI 
(Old  Age  Survivors'  Insurance)  Program: 

RESOLVED  that  the  Board  comply  with  the  designation  by  the 
Governor  of  Maryland  that  the  Board  of  Education,  Division  of  Voca- 
tional Rehabilitation,  be  the  agency  to  carry  out  the  OASI  Program 
pursuant  to  the  Act  of  Congress  passed  in  1954;  that  the  Board  under- 
stands that  the  expenses  attached  thereto  will  be  paid  by  the  Federal 
Government;  that  Dr.  Pullen  and  his  assistants  are  authorized  to  carry 
out  the  details  of  the  program  by  and  with  the  advice  of  the  Attorney 
General;  and  that  Dr.  Pullen  is  authorized  to  sign  the  necessary  con- 
tracts  with   the    Federal    Government. 

The  Congressional  amendment  to  the  Social  Security  law  freezes 
the  individual's  Old  Age  and  Survivors'  Insurance  status  during  ex- 
tended total  disability.  The  cases  of  the  disabled  persons  will  be 
referred  to  the  Division  of  Vocational  Rehabilitation  for  appropriate 
vocational  rehabilitation  services  to  the  end  that  as  many  as  possible 
of  these  persons  may  be  restored  to  gainful  work.  The  Division 
will  be  asked  to  determine  dates  of  disability  alleged  to  have  begun 
after  December  31,  1953.  The  cost  of  these  services  will  be  borne 
by  the  Department  of  Health,  Education,  and  Welfare  of  the 
Federal  Government. 

Dr.  Pullen  reported  that  a  Planning  Committee  of  approxi- 
mately sixty  people  had  met  at  the  Lord  Baltimore  Hotel  on  April 
15,  1955,  to  arrange  the  State  meeting  which  is  to  be  held  on  June 
24  and  25,  in  preparation  for  the  November,  1955,  White  House 
Conference  on  Education.     Between  four  and  five  hundred  people 


Maryland  State  Department  of  Education 


29 


will  be  invited  to  the  June  Conference,  which  will  discuss  the  sub- 
jects suggested  by  the  White  House  Conference  Committee,  except 
the  topic  of  School  Organization.  The  Maryland  school  organiza- 
tion is  generally  thought  to  be  unusually  satisfactory.  Only  twenty 
people  from  Maryland  will  be  invited  to  the  White  House  Con- 
ference. These  are  to  be  chosen  by  a  group  consisting  of  two  mem- 
bers from  each  subcommittee  of  the  Planning  Committee. 

The  Board  approved  the  following  changes  in  By-law  11  relating 
to  Tuition  to  Adjoining  Counties: 


Present 

Tuition  charges  shall  be  60  per 
cent  of  the  average  State  cost,  ex- 
clusive of  general  control  and 
capital  outlay,  for  respective  types 
of  schools  for  the  preceding  school 
year,  provided  no  tuition  charges 
shall  be  collected  by  an  Equaliza- 
tion Fund  County  since  such 
costs  are  covered  in  the  Equaliza- 
Fund  computation. 


Present 

Capital  outlay  charges  for  every 
county  shall  be  $15  additional  per 
child  for  elementary  pupils  and 
$20  per  child  for  high  school  pupils. 
This  shall  be  budgeted  under 
"tuition." 


Approved 

Tuition  charges  shall  be  60  per 
cent  of  the  average  State  cost  for 
current  expenses,  exclusive  of  gen- 
eral control  and  capital  outlay,  for 
respective  types  of  schools  for  the 
preceding  school  year,  provided 
that  a  county  receiving  State 
Equalization  Aid  shall  make  no 
tuition  charge  as  such,  but  allow- 
ance shall  be  made  for  such  coun- 
ty's average  per  pupil  cost  above 
the  State  minimum  cost  in  making 
the  Equalization  Fund  computa- 
tion. 

Approved 

Capital  outlay  charges  for  every 
county  shall  be  $30  additional  per 
elementary  pupil  and  $50  addi- 
tional per  high  school  pupil  less 
the  per  pupil  amount  received  from 
the  State  Incentive  Fund  on  ac- 
count of  such  nonresident  pupils. 


Approval  was  given  by  the  Board  to  the  following  leaves  of 
absence:  Dr.  W.  Bird  Terwilliger,  Supervisor  of  Guidance  and 
Placement,  in  the  Division  of  Vocational  Rehabilitation,  for  a  three- 
weeks  leave  to  conduct  a  training  course  in  Vocational  Rehabilitation 
at  the  University  of  Florida  and  Mr.  C.  William  Anthony,  Assistant 
Supervisor  of  Research,  in  the  Division  of  Finance  and  Research,  a 
leave  up  to  four  months  to  serve  on  a  subcommittee  of  the  White 
House  Conference  on  Education  to  prepare  resource  material  for 
the  White  House  Conference. 


June  22,  1955 

The  Board  passed  the  following  resolution  concerning  By-law 
55  (formerly  By-law  75)  on  the  rating  of  emergency  teachers: 

RESOLVED  that  in  view  of  the  fact  that  the  Board  changed  the 
date  when  By-law  55  should  go  into  effect,  a  superintendent  may  at  his 
discretion  accept  six  semester  hours  of  appropriate  summer  school  work 
completed  in  1953  as  justifying  rating  an  emergency  certificate  first  class 
for  the  school  year  1955-56. 


30  Eighty-Ninth  Annual  Report 

Approval  was  given  by  the  Board  to  the  minimum  requirements 
and  the  uniform  form  for  the  doctor's  report  on  the  annual  examina- 
tion of  school  bus  drivers.  The  minimum  requirements  are  as 
follows: 

(a)  Mental  and  physical  condition: 

(1)  No  loss  of  foot,  leg,  hand,  or  arm 

(2)  No  mental,  nervous,  organic,  or  functional  disease,  likely  to 
interfere  with  safe  driving 

(3)  No  loss  of  fingers,  impairment  of  use  of  foot,  leg,  fingers,  hand, 
or  arm,  or  other  structural  defect  or  limitation,  likely  to  inter- 
fere with  safe  driving 

(b)  Eyesight:  Visual  acuity  of  at  least  20/40  (Snellen)  in  each  eye 
either  without  glasses  or  by  correction  with  glasses;  form  field  of 
vision  in  the  horizontal  meridian  shall  not  be  less  than  a  total  of 
140  degrees;  ability  to  distinguish  colors,  red,  green,  and  yellow; 
drivers  requiring  correction  by  glasses  shall  wear  properly  pre- 
scribed glass  at  all  times  when  driving. 

(c)  Hearing:  Hearing  shall  not  be  less  than  10/20  in  the  better  ear, 
for  conversational  tones,  without  a  hearing  aid. 

(d)  Liquor,  narcotics,  and  drugs:  Shall  not  be  addicted  to  the  use  of 
narcotics  or  habit-forming  drugs,  or  the  excessive  use  of  alcoholic 
beverages  or  liquors. 

The  Board  was  invited  to  the  Maryland  Conference  on  Educa- 
tion, to  be  held  on  June  24  and  25,  in  preparation  for  the  White 
House  Conference  on  Education  scheduled  for  November,   1955. 

At  the  Board's  request,  Dr.  Pullen  reviewed  the  history  of  the 
actions  of  the  State  Board  of  Education  and  of  the  State  Superin- 
tendent with  regard  to  the  opinion  of  the  Supreme  Court  on  segrega- 
tion. (Opinion  passed  on  May  17,  1954;  decree  issued  on  May  31, 
1955) 

On  May  26, 1954,  the  State  Board  passed  a  resolution  expressing 
the  Board's  acceptance  of  the  decision  of  the  Supreme  Court,  at 
the  same  time  stating  that,  upon  the  advice  of  the  Attorney  General, 
the  Board  should  wait  for  the  decree  of  the  Supreme  Court  before 
taking  action. 

Upon  the  request  of  the  former  Attorney  General,  Mr.  Edward 
D.  Rollins,  and  his  deputy,  Mr.  W.  Giles  Parker,  Dr.  Pullen  ap- 
pointed a  committee  of  superintendents  to  prepare  suggestions  for  a 
brief  which  the  Attorney  General  was  requested  to  present  to  the 
Supreme  Court  in  October,  1954,  though  the  hearing  was  later  post- 
poned several  times.  Among  the  recommendations  of  the  com- 
mittee was  one  that  each  county  appoint  committees  of  citizens  of 
both  races  to  advise  the  county  boards  how  to  proceed  in  integrating 
the  schools.  In  the  meantime  Dr.  Pullen  has  met  with  a  committee 
of  colored  citizens  and  also  with  the  superintendents  to  discuss  the 
problems  and  has  attended  meetings  of  the  county  boards  of  educa- 
tion at  which  these  problems  were  discussed. 

When  the  Supreme  Court  gave  its  decree  on  May  31,  1955,  at 
the  request  of  the  press  and  television,  Dr.  Pullen  immediately 


MARYLA>ro  State  Department  of  Education  31 

made  statements  reiterating  the  position  of  the  State  Board  of 
Education.  He  conferred  with  the  President  of  the  Board  and  the 
two  agreed  to  call  a  special  meeting  on  June  21,  22,  or  23.  The 
reason  for  setting  the  date  at  the  time  indicated  was  that  it  was  im- 
portant to  give  the  Attorney  General  time  to  interpret  the  decree. 
Dr.  Pullen  had  talked  the  matter  over  with  Mr.  Harrison  L.  Winter, 
Deputy  Attorney-General,  later  held  a  conference  with  Attorney 
General  C.  Ferdinand  Sybert  and  Mr.  Winter,  and  held  a  special 
meeting  of  the  superintendents,  which  was  open  to  the  public.  The 
superintendents  were  invited  to  raise  legal  and  administrative  ques- 
tions both  at  the  meeting  and  subsequently.  There  is  now  a  con- 
siderable number  of  these  questions  which  will  be  carefully  studied 
and  answered,  insofar  as  answers  can  be  given. 

Dr.  Pullen  has  met  also  with  the  presidents  of  the  Teachers 
Colleges  and  discussed  integration  in  these  institutions. 

The  Attorney  General  has  recently  given  a  formal  opinion  re- 
garding the  decree  of  the  Supreme  Court.  This  opinion  is  as 
follows: 

June  20,  1955 
Dear  Dr.  Pullen: 

You  have  asked  us  to  advise  you  formally  of  our  views  with  respect 
to  the  legal  effect  of  the  decision  of  the  Supreme  Court,  and  particularly 
of  its  opinion  and  decree  of  May  31,  1955,  in  Brown,  et  al.  v.  Board  of 
Education  of  Topkka,  et  al.  In  the  connection,  you  state  in  your  letter 
in  reference  to  our  earlier  oral  conferences:  "*  *  ♦  As  I  understand  your 
position,  by  virtue  of  the  decree  all  constitutional  and  legislative  acts 
requiring  segregation  in  the  State  of  Maryland  are  a  nullity,  and  further, 
it  is  legally  incumbent  upon  the  school  authorities  of  the  State  and  local 
school  systems  'to  make  a  prompt  and  reasonable  start  toward  full  com- 
pliance' with  the  ruling  of  the  Supreme  Court  on  May  17,  1954." 

As  is  obvious  from  your  statement,  the  Supreme  Court  rendered  its 
first  opinion  in  the  Brown,  et  al.,  cases  on  May  17,  1954,  and  while  it 
then  held  that  racial  discrimination  in  public  education  is  unconstitu- 
tional, it  deferred  final  action  on  the  cases  pending  further  argument  on 
certain  specific  questions  having  to  do  with  the  form  of  decree  which 
the  Court  should  enter.  In  its  second  opinion,  rendered  May  31,  1955,  the 
Court  took  final  action  on  the  judgment  under  review  and  remanded  the 
cases  to  the  Courts  of  origin  to  take  such  proceedings  and  enter  such 
orders  and  decrees  as  would  be  consistent  with  the  supplemental  views 
expressed  in  the  May  31,   1955  opinion. 

In  its  May  31,  1955  opinion,  the  Court  stated  at  the  outset: 

"These  cases  were  decided  on  May  17,  1954.  The  opinions  of  that 
date,  declaring  the  fundamental  principle  that  racial  discrimination  in 
public  education  is  unconstitutional  are  incorporated  herein  by  reference. 
All  provisions  of  federal,  state,  or  local  law  requiring  or  permitting  such 
discrimination  must  yield  to  this  principle.  There  remains  for  considera- 
tion the  manner  in  which  relief  is  to  be  accorded."     (Italics  supplied.) 

We  believe  that  the  two  opinions  of  the  Supreme  Court  in  the  Brown, 
et  al.,  cases  mean  just  what  they  say,  namely,  that  "All  provisions  of 
federal,  state,  or  local  law  requiring  or  permitting  such  discrimination 
(racial  discrimination)  must  yield  *  *  *"  to  the  principle  that  such  dis- 
crimination in  public  education  is  unconstitutional.  It  would  necessarily 
follow  that,  since  the  Constitution  of  the  United  States  is  the  supreme  law 
of  the  land,  all  constitutional  and  legislative  acts  of  Maryland  requiring 


32  Eighty-Ninth  Annual  Report 

segregation  in  the  public  schools  in  the  State  of  Maryland  are  uncon- 
stitutional, and  hence  must  be  treated  as  nullities. 

In  its  opinion  of  May  31,  1955,  the  Supreme  Court  directed  the 
United  States  District  Courts  to  require  "*  *  *  that  the  defendants  make 
a  prompt  and  reasonable  start  toward  full  compliance  with  our  May  17, 
1954  ruling."  It  is  true  that  this  statement  was  made  with  respect  to  five 
consolidated  cases  in  which  neither  the  State  of  Maryland  nor  any  admini- 
trative  body  or  officer  thereof  was  a  party,  although  the  State  did  parti- 
cipate in  the  argument  of  the  case  as  amicus  curiae.  It  might  be  argued 
that  since  the  State  of  Maryland  was  not  technically  a  party,  the  direction 
of  the  Supreme  Court  is  not  yet  applicable  to  the  State  of  Maryland, 
and  that  such  direction  would  not  be  applicable  until  such  time  as  suit  is 
filed  against  the  State  or  some  educational  official  and  a  final  order  mak- 
ing the  direction  applicable  entered  in  such  suit. 

This  argument  to  oiu-  mind  confounds  what  is  the  clear  state  of  the 
law  and  the  nature  of  the  relief  which  may  be  afforded  in  the  event  that 
there  is  not  full  compliance  with  the  law.  Obviously,  in  the  event  that 
there  is  a  refusal  to  comply  with  the  law,  the  mechanics  of  the  relief 
might  be  different  in  the  case  of  the  State  of  Maryland  from  that  granted 
in  the  case  of  one  of  the  other  States  which  was  a  defendant  in  one  of  the 
five  consolidated  cases  in  which  the  Supreme  Court  acted.  However,  the 
law  with  respect  to  public  education  as  laid  down  by  the  Supreme  Court  is 
crystal  clear,  and  we  do  not  believe  that  differences  in  the  mechanics  of 
obtaining  relief  can  limit  in  any  sense  the  legal  compulsion  presently  ex- 
isting on  the  appropriate  school  authorities  of  the  State  of  Maryland  to 
make  "*  *  *  a  prompt  and  reasonable  start"  toward  the  ultimate  elimi- 
nation of  racial  discrimination  in  public  education. 

Very  truly  yours, 

(Signed)     C.  FERDINAND  SYBERT 
Attorney  General 

(Signed)     HARRISON  L.  WINTER 
Deputy  Attorney  General 

The  State  Board  adopted  the  following  resolution: 

June  22,  1955 

JOINT   RESOLUTION   OF   THE   STATE   BOARD    OF 

EDUCATION  OF  MARYLAND  AND  THE  BOARD  OF 

TRUSTEES  OF  THE  STATE  TEACHERS  COLLEGES 

OF  MARYLAND 

(The  members  of  the  State  Board  of  Education  and 
the  State  Superintendent  of  Schools  comprise  the 
Board  of  Trustees  of  the  State  Teachers  Colleges.) 

WHEREAS,  The  Supreme  Court  of  the  United  States  passed  its 
final  judgment  and  decree  on  May  31,  1955,  in  the  consolidated  group 
of  public  school  cases,  determining  the  procedure  to  put  into  effect  the 
Court's  opinion  of  May  17,  1954,  that  the  14th  Amendment  of  the  Con- 
stitution of  the  United  States,  prohibiting  any  State  from  denying  to 
any  person  within  its  jurisdiction  the  equal  protection  of  the  laws,  is  no 
longer  satisfied  by  the  former  doctrine  of  separate  but  equal  public 
school  facilities,  but  now,  on  the  contrary,  prohibits  any  State  from  requir- 
ing or  permitting  racial  discrimination  in  public  education;  and 

WHEREAS,  the  Attorney  General  of  Maryland  has  advised  that  the 
final  decision  of  the  Supreme  Court  is  now  the  law  of  the  land  and  is 
automatically  binding  upon  the  public  school  system  of  Maryland  and 
upon  the  several  local  school  officials  throughout  the  State,  and  that 


Maryland  State  Department  of  Education  33 

the  State  Courts  and  the  Federal  Courts,  should  cases  arise,  are  bound 
by  the  decision  of  the  Supreme  Court  to  recognize  and  give  full  force 
and  effect  thereto  in  the  light  of  the  equitable  procedural  considerations 
announced  by  the  Supreme  Court, 

Therefore  RESOLVED  by  The  State  Board  of  Education  of  Mary- 
land and  The  Board  of  Trustees  of  the  State  Teachers  Colleges  of  Mary- 
land, in  joint  session,  pursuant  to  the  law  of  the  land  and  pursuant  to 
the  procedural  steps  announced  by  The  Supreme  Court  of  the  United 
States,  and  pursuant  to  the  authority  vested  in  these  Boards  by  the 
laws  of  The  State  of  Maryland,  that  the  following  are  adopted  as  policies 
for  guidance  in  the  public  school  system  of  Maryland  and  in  the  several 
geographic  units  throughout  the  State  of  Maryland,  namely  that: 

1.  It  is  recognized  that  the  law  of  the  land  as  announced  by  The 
Supreme  Court  of  the  United  States  automatically  has  had  the  effect  of 
abolishing  all  laws  of  the  State  of  Maryland  which  raised  any  distinction 
according  to  race  in  the  public  school  system  of  the  State  of  Maryland 
and  of  its  local  subdivisions. 

2.  Segregation  according  to  race  is  hereby  abolished  in  all  of  the 
State  Teachers  Colleges  of  Maryland.  Historically  and  under  the 
former  practice  of  separate  but  equal  facilities  the  present  five  State 
Teachers  Colleges  have  heretofore  been  classed  into  three  colleges  for 
white  students  and  two  colleges  for  colored  students.  That  classification 
is  now  eliminated. 

3.  The  Supreme  Court  recognized,  and  the  State  Board  of  Educa- 
tion recognizes,  that  factual  conditions  vary  in  different  localities  through- 
out the  State,  growing  out  of  the  formerly  established  principle  of  separate 
but  equal  facilities,  now  declared  to  be  unconstitutional  and  violative  of 
the  14th  Amendment.  Such  conditions  may  include  public  school  build- 
ing facilities,  locations  of  the  same  with  respect  to  population  density  of 
residential  areas,  transportation  problems,  teaching  staffs,  and  other  local 
and  geographic  conditions  if  applicable  and  pertinent  to  the  transition 
from  segregation  to  integration. 

4.  The  State  Board  of  Education  by  its  statement  of  May  26,  1954, 
recommended  that  the  local  public  school  officials  evaluate  their  respec- 
tive local  conditions  and  problems  in  anticipation  of  the  final  decision 
of  The  Supreme  Court.  All  of  the  County  public  school  officials  have 
made  or  are  making  such  studies.  Now  that  The  Supreme  Court  has 
passed  its  mandate  and  has  directed  compliance  with  its  decree  with 
deliberate  speed  and  with  due  regard  to  local  conditions  and  in  con- 
formity with  equitable  considerations,  the  State  Board  of  Education 
calls  upon  the  local  public  school  officials  to  commence  this  transition 
at  the  earliest  practicable  date,  with  the  view  of  implementing  the  law 
of  the  land.  Voluntary  compliance  with  deliberate  speed,  without  the 
necessity  of  Court  compulsion,  is  advised  on  the  part  of  all  local  public 
school  officials  throughout  the  State. 

5.  The  Staff  of  the  State  Department  of  Education  shall  co-operate 
in  all  possible  ways  with  local  public  school  officials  to  give  effect  to  the 
law  of  the  land  in  the  process  of  the  transition  from  segregation  to  desegre- 
gation. 

6.  Traditionally  the  citizenry  of  our  State  has  always  accepted  con- 
stitutional principles  as  interpreted  by  The  Supreme  Court  of  the 
United  States,  as  the  law  of  the  land.  The  State  Board  of  Education 
trusts  that  all  citizens  will  exercise  patience  and  tolerance  to  the  end 
that  the  law  of  the  land  may  be  implemented  in  the  elimination  of  racial 
discrimination  in  the  public  schools  of  the  State. 

[See  Eighty-eighth  Annual  Report  of  Maryland  Board  of  Education, 
pages  20  and  21,  for  first  resolution  of  the  Board  on  desegregation.] 


34  Eighty-Ninth  Annual  Report 

DIVISION  OF  CERTIFICATION  AND  ACCREDITATION 

Certification 

As  will  be  seen  from  TABLE  59,  page  120,  the  number  of  teach- 
ers', supervisors',  and  administrators'  certificates  issued  each  year 
is  steadily  mounting.  Five  hundred  sixty-seven  more  were  issued 
in  1954-55  than  in  the  preceding  year.  These  figures  reflect  the 
increase  in  pupil  population,  teacher  turnover,  and  reduction  in 
class   size. 

Unfortunately  the  number  of  emergency  and  other  nonstandard 
certificates  which  have  had  to  be  issued  because  qualified  applicants 
for  public  school  positions  were  not  available  continues  to  increase, 
though  not  nearly  so  fast  as  the  number  of  regular  certificates  issued 
to  applicants  who  meet  the  full  requirements.  The  picture  is 
brightened  also  by  the  fact  that  nearly  seventy-one  per  cent  of  the 
emergency  and  substandard  certificates  in  1954-55  have  been  issued 
to  applicants  who  have  graduated  from  college  but  have  engaged  in 
no  recent  formal  study  or  who  lack  some  of  the  necessary  pro- 
fessional or  academic  preparation  required  for  full  certificates. 
Such  teachers  have  excellent  academic  backgrounds  and  may  with 
comparatively  little  effort  qualify  for  regular  certificates.  Further- 
more, most  of  the  teachers  who  were  issued  provisional  certificates 
had  previously  held  regular  certificates  but  had  failed  to  qualify 
for  their  renewals. 

A  restudy  of  the  requirement  that  every  teacher  who  is  to 
be  issued  a  regular  certificate  should  pass  a  special  medical  ex- 
amination resulted  in  an  opinion  from  the  Attorney  General  to 
the  effect  that  the  requirement  was  invalid,  and  in  December,  1954, 
the  State  Board  of  Education  voted  by  mail  to  repeal  By-law  22, 
which  required  the  medical  examination.  The  Board,  at  its  Febru- 
ary 23,  1955,  meeting,  confirmed  the  action  taken  by  mail. 

It  was  the  opinion  of  the  school  superintendent  that  the  law 
requiring  an  annual  certificate  that  a  teacher  is  not  suffering  from  a 
communicable  disease  should  be  strengthened.  The  State  Board 
of  Education  will  consider  this  matter  at  a  later  meeting. 

At  approximately  the  time  By-law  22  was  repealed,  the  Board 
of  Trustees  of  the  State  Teachers'  Retirement  System  ruled  that 
teachers  with  emergency  certificates  may  enter  the  System  without 
passing  a  medical  examination.  Such  membership  is  optional, 
though  teachers  with  regular  certificates  must  belong. 

Accreditation 

Section  20  of  Article  77  of  the  Annotated  Code  of  Maryland,  1951 
Edition,  provides  that  with  certain  exceptions  nonpublic  schools  may 
operate  in  Maryland  only  if  they  are  approved  by  the  State  Superin- 
tendent. [See  Eighty-fourth  Annual  Report  of  Maryland  Board 
of  Education,  page  21.1 


Maryland  State  Department  of  Education  35 

While  the  law  exempts  from  its  provisions  schools  operated 
by  bona  fide  church  organizations,  it  has  been  the  custom  of  the 
State  Superintendent  to  approve  on  a  voluntary  basis  colleges  and 
secondary  schools  conducted  by  church  groups,  and  similar  action 
has  been  taken  with  a  few  nursery  schools,  kindergartens,  ele- 
mentary, and  special  schools  which  have  requested  such  action. 
One  such  school  was  approved  during  the  school  year  1954-55. 

Institutions  of  Higher  Learning 

Institutions  of  higher  learning,  most  of  which  have  State  char- 
ters, have  requested  and  received  approval  as  follows: 

Colleges  and  universities 22 

Junior  colleges 11 

Schools  of  nursing 20 

Separate  professional  schools 7 

Both  the  Director  and  the  Assistant  Director  kept  in  close  touch 
with  the  six  Maryland  institutions  of  higher  learning  at  which  pro- 
grams or  plans  for  programs  for  the  preparation  of  elementary 
school  teachers  had  been  approved  the  preceding  spring.  It  was 
decided  to  wait  until  the  institutions  have  had  time  to  stabilize  the 
programs  before  conducting  another  extensive  survey  of  these 
activities. 

The  Division  arranged  for  the  re-evaluation  of  the  programs  at 
two  institutions  of  higher  learning  which  applied  for  permission 
to  award  degrees.  The  committee  consisted  of  the  Assistant  Dean 
of  the  College  of  Education  of  Temple  University,  Philadelphia; 
the  Dean  of  the  College  of  Business  Education  of  Northeastern 
University,  Boston;  and  the  Dean  of  the  Evening  School  of  Business, 
University  of  Richmond,  Virginia.  The  committee  visited  the 
schools  and  conferred  with  members  of  the  administration  and  of 
the  faculty,  and  after  discussing  the  findings  with  the  Director  and 
the  Assistant  Director  of  the  Division,  made  recommendations 
which  the  State  Superintendent  later  forwarded  to  the  institutions 
concerned. 

The  Assistant  Director  represented  the  Department  in  the 
evaluation  of  two  institutions  by  the  Middle  States  Association  of 
Colleges  and  Secondary  Schools.  As  a  result  of  the  evaluation  of 
the  Peabody  Conservatory  in  Baltimore,  the  institution  was  placed 
on  the  approved  list  by  the  Middle  States  Association.  Montgomery 
Junior  College  was  retained  on  the  list. 

Academic  Schools  Below  College  Level 

The  number  and  kinds  of  approved  nonpublic  academic  schools 
below  college  level  which  were  operating  in  the  State  in  1954-55 
were  as  follows: 


36  Eighty-Ninth  Annual  Report 

Type  of  School  Number 

Secondary 41 

Secondary — Elementary 7 

Secondary — Elementary — Kindergarten — 

Nursery  School 1 

Secondary— Elementary — Kindergarten 1 

Tutoring 9 

Special 11 

Elementary 4 

Elementary — Kindergarten 5 

Elementary — Kindergarten — Nursery  School 6 

Primary 1 

Primary — Kindergarten 7 

Primary — Kindergarten — Nursery  School 5 

Kindergarten 30 

Kindergarten — Nursery  School 28 

Nursery  School 34 

Total 190 

Secondary  Schools 

The  two  State  Supervisors  of  High  Schools  in  the  Department 
of  Education  have  the  responsibihty  of  visiting  and  evaluating  the 
nonpublic  secondary  schools  in  Maryland.  Each  supervisor  visits 
the  schools  in  his  regular  territory.  These  number  fifty.  The  two 
supervisors  are  responsible  also  for  visiting  nine  tutoring  schools. 

Of  the  fifty-nine  schools,  thirty-two  are  operated  under  the 
auspices  of  the  Roman  Catholic  Church,  one  is  a  Hebrew  school, 
and  one  is  a  Presbyterian  school.  None  of  these  schools  is  obligated 
to  meet  the  State  requirements  because,  as  church  schools,  they 
are  exempted  under  the  nonpublic  school  law.  In  such  instances 
evaluations  are  made  upon  the  request  of  the  school  authorities,  and 
the  schools  are  approved  if  they  qualify.  The  law  exempts  also 
schools  that  operate  under  charters  from  the  Maryland  General 
Assembly.  Some  of  both  types  of  schools  have  not  requested  ap- 
proval. 

Many  of  the  secondary  schools  have  operated  over  a  long  period 
of  years  and  few  new  secondary  schools  have  been  established.  In 
1954-55  one  Catholic  high  school  which  had  been  functioning  for 
several  years  asked  for  and  received  approval,  and  a  small  tutoring 
school  which  opened  in  the  fall  of  1954  also  qualified  for  approval. 

Elementary  Schools,  Nursery  Schools,  and  Kindergartens 

During  the  year  six  new  preschools  and  two  new  elementary 
schools  were  approved.  In  addition,  one  kindergarten  which  for  a 
time  had  failed  to  meet  the  requirement  was  able  to  qualify  again 
and  was  reapproved. 

Eight  certificates  of  approval  for  schools  in  these  categories 
were  revoked:  four  centers  closed  voluntarily;  three  decided  to 
operate  as  child  care  centers;  and  another  became  part  of  the  county 
school   system.     While   six   of   these   schools   were   among   those 


Maryland  State  Department  of  Education  37 

originally  approved  in  1948,  when  the  law  went  into  effect,  seventy- 
eight  of  the  schools  approved  at  that  time  are  still  operating. 

The  enrollments  in  the  nonpublic  elementary  and  preschool 
centers  during  the  two  years  1953-54  and  1954-55,  including  new 
schools  approved  during  each  of  these  years,  were  as  follows: 

Enrollment 
Type  of  School  195S-5U      195U-55 

Nursery 2,346  2,161 

Kindergartens  2,121  2,176 

Elementary 2,891  3,424 

Special 332  468 

Total 7,690  8,229 

In  1954-55  one  hundred  thirty-six  more  pupils  attended  non- 
public special  schools  than  in  the  previous  years,  even  though  more 
public  schools  provided  appropriate  facilities  for  children  with 
various  handicaps. 

The  number  of  teachers  who  staffed  the  nonpublic  schools  in 
these  categories  was  six  hundred  seventy-two.  Seventy-nine  of 
them  held  valid  certificates.  Eleven  of  the  teachers  held  expired 
certificates  and  twenty  could  have  been  certificated  except  for  lack 
of  recent  credits.  Fifty  of  the  teachers  attended  summer  school  in 
1954  and  sixty-one  took  courses  during  the  winter. 

The  only  certificates  of  approval  returned  during  the  year  were 
from  schools  which  changed  their  addresses,  names,  or  organization. 

Eight  centers  which  applied  for  approval  failed  to  qualify, 
either  because  the  quarters  were  unsatisfactory  or  the  teachers 
lacked  adequate  preparation.  The  applications  of  several  addi- 
tional centers  were  pending  at  the  end  of  the  year. 

The  Supervisor  of  Accreditation  concerned  with  these  schools 
visited  each  of  them  at  least  once  and  paid  two,  three,  or  four  visits 
to  sixteen  of  the  centers.  Some  of  the  extra  visits  were  made  at 
the  request  of  the  centers.  In  other  cases  a  further  check  was  neces- 
sary. It  was  evident  that  frequent  visiting  encouraged  the  centers 
to  improve  conditions.  The  supervisor  visited  approximately 
twenty-five  centers  which  did  not  qualify  for  approval  but  which 
could  operate  as  day-care  centers,  in  order  to  urge  them  to  change 
improper  telephone  listings  which  indicated  that  they  were  nursery 
schools  or  kindergartens. 

The  supervisor  attended  a  number  of  evening  meetings  to  talk 
with  parent  groups  and  participated  also  in  two  county  workshops 
at  the  request  of  the  county  authorities. 

There  have  been  many  requests  for  information  about  selecting 
schools  or  for  help  in  establishing  nursery  schools  and  kindergartens. 
The  supervisor  has  complied  with  these  requests  and  has  provided 
bibliographies,  worked  on  recommended  standards  for  child-care 
centers,  and  discussed  with  groups  of  parents  the  significance  of 


38  Eighty-Ninth  Annual  Report 

State  approval.  She  has  prepared  and  distributed  a  bibliography, 
suggestions  for  audio-visual  aids,  materials  on  summer  programs, 
and  information  about  equipment,  courses,  and  supplies. 

A  teacher-preparation  sheet  has  been  initiated  and  will  be 
continued  for  several  years  to  facilitate  a  study  of  the  change  in  the 
qualifications  of  the  personnel  in  a  particular  school  and  especially  a 
study  of  qualifications  of  the  staffs  in  centers  which  perhaps  should 
operate  as  day-care  centers. 

A  meeting  was  held  with  the  directors  of  special  schools  to  dis- 
cuss budgeting,  equipment,  and  teacher  certification  requirements, 
and  a  letter  detailing  these  requirements  was  sent  to  school  directors 
to  guide  them  in  making  selections  of  teachers  for  the  coming  year. 

One  of  the  most  difficult  problems  in  connection  with  the  opera- 
tion of  preschool  groups  is  that  there  is  so  little  opportunity  in 
Maryland  for  teachers  in  such  schools  to  take  professional  courses 
in  preschool  education.  Furthermore,  there  is  an  extremely  short 
supply  of  qualified  teachers  for  nursery  schools  and  kindergartens, 
and  in  many  of  the  schools  the  salaries  are  not  such  as  to  attract 
qualified  applicants. 

Nonacademic  Schools 

During  the  school  year  1954-55,  twenty  nonpublic  nonacademic 
schools  were  approved  and  received  certificates  from  the  State 
Superintendent.     The  schools  belong  in  the  following  categories: 

Beauty  Culture  Hair  Design 

Business  Education  Group  Piano 

Dance  Music 
Shop 

As  of  June  30,  1955,  one  hundred  eighty-one  trade  and  technical 
schools  were  operating  and  met  the  conditions  for  approval  under 
Section  20  of  the  Annotated  Code  of  Maryland,  1951  Edition. 

In  evaluating  the  programs  in  art  and  music,  the  Division  em- 
ployed experts  in  this  field  for  advice  on  the  courses  of  study,  the 
qualifications  of  the  instructors,  and  the  equipment  and  facilities 
available.  Members  of  the  Division  of  Vocational  Education  helped 
in  evaluating  certain  courses.  Furthermore,  the  State  Board  of 
Barber  Examiners  and  the  State  Board  of  Hairdressers  and  Beauty 
Culturists  co-operated  on  several  occasions  by  visiting  with  members 
of  the  Division  various  barber  and  beauty  schools  in  connection 
with  which  there  were  problems. 

During  the  year  numerous  meetings  were  held  with  the  in- 
vestigating staff  of  the  Better  Business  Bureau  to  follow  up  com- 
plaints about  questionable  advertising  practices  on  the  part  of  one 
or  two  schools. 

Six  schools  closed  during  the  year.  They  consisted  of  a  trade 
school  and  schools  teaching  dancing,  business  education,  music,  art, 
and  traffic  management. 


Maryland  State  Department  of  Education  39 

Approval  for  Veterans'  Training 

A  special  responsibility  of  the  Division  of  Certification  and 
Accreditation   is  the  approval   of  schools   for   veterans'   training. 

As  of  June  30,  1955,  forty-four  trade  or  technical  schools  were 
approved  to  offer  instruction  to  veterans  under  Public  Laws  346 
and  550  or  under  Public  Law  550  alone.  Twenty-two  schools  were 
approved  to  offer  instruction  to  veterans  under  Public  Law  346 
only.  Four  applications  for  approval  under  Public  Law  550  were 
pending. 

Resident  or  extensions  courses  offered  by  forty  institutions  of 
higher  learning  were  approved  for  veterans,  as  were  one  hundred 
fifty-six  residencies  and  internships  provided  by  hospitals  and 
medical  schools,  and  eight  curriculums  for  the  training  of  registered 
nurses.  Four  nonpublic  secondary  schools  are  approved  for 
veterans'  training. 

Other  Activities 

The  work  of  the  Division  in  connection  with  Teacher  and 
Higher  Education  is  primarily  the  responsibility  of  the  Assistant 
Director. 

Four  meetings  of  the  presidents  of  the  State  Teachers  Colleges 
were  held  for  the  purpose  of  discussing  professional  or  adminis- 
trative problems  at  these  institutions.  Arrangements  were  made 
also  for  four  joint  meetings  of  the  committee  of  the  State  Board  of 
Education  concerned  with  problems  of  the  Teachers  Colleges  and 
committees  representing  the  Colleges  themselves.  One  problem 
which  received  prolonged  study  was  the  salary  schedule  for  the 
faculty  and  staff.  In  the  light  of  the  joint  meetings  the  State 
Board  committee  prepared  a  new  salary  schedule  for  the  considera- 
tion of  the  State  Board  of  Education  and  the  fiscal  authorities  of  the 
State. 

Personnel  and  legal  problems  at  the  State  Teachers  Colleges 
involved  numerous  contacts  with  the  State  Commissioner  of  Per- 
sonnel and  the  members  of  his  staff  and  with  the  office  of  the  At- 
torney General.  The  Assistant  Director  also  participated  in  four 
conferences  in  which  the  State  Department  of  Education,  representa- 
tives of  the  Teachers  Colleges,  and  the  State  Department  of  Budget 
and  Procurement  considered  the  budgets  of  the  State  Teachers 
Colleges. 

During  the  year  1954-55  the  Assistant  Director  continued  to 
serve  as  secretary  to  the  Governor's  Commission  to  Study  the  Needs 
of  Higher  Education  in  Maryland.  Twenty  meetings  of  the  full 
Commission  were  held  during  this  period.  The  secretary  carried 
on  most  of  the  correspondence  with  the  members,  arranged  for  the 
meetings,  and  supervised  the  publication  of  the  report,  which  was 
practically  ready  for  the  printer  at  the  end  of  the  school  year. 


40  Eighty-Ninth  Annual  Report 

The  Assistant  Director  continued  to  act  as  secretary  also  to 
the  State  Committee  on  Fulbright  Scholarships.  He  conducted 
correspondence  with  the  adviser  for  this  program  at  each  of  the  col- 
leges and  universities  of  the  State  and  made  arrangements  for  a 
meeting  of  the  committee  which  gave  personal  interviews  to  each 
applicant.  The  institutions  of  higher  learning  in  Maryland  nomi- 
nated twenty  students  for  these  scholarships,  of  whom  eight  were 
given  scholarships  for  study  in  foreign  countries. 


Maryland  State  Department  of  Education  41 

DIVISION  OF  INSTRUCTION 

The  services  of  the  Division  of  Instruction  to  county  schools 
during  the  school  year  ending  June  30,  1955,  may  be  grouped  into 
five  broad  classes:  (1)  leadership  training  programs;  (2)  assistance 
in  curriculum  development,  county  and  state  levels;  (3)  supervisory 
aid  in  school  organization  and  administration;  (4)  furtherance  of 
special  education  programs;  and  (5)  help  to  athletic  associations  in 
planning  and  staffing  intercounty  contests. 


Leadership  Training  Programs 

Programs  for  the  service  education  of  supervisors,  principals, 
and  others  on  the  professional  staffs  of  the  counties  were  marked  by 
their  number  and  variety.  A  conference  of  all  elementary  super- 
visors was  held  November  3,  4,  and  5.  The  purposes  were  (1)  to 
give  emphasis  to  a  literature  program  in  the  elementary  school,  (2)  to 
clear  some  questions  concerning  the  responsibility  of  the  general 
supervisor  for  special  education,  (3)  to  give  emphasis  to  art  in  the 
elementary  school,  (4)  to  introduce  Action  Research  as  a  way  of 
working  with  teachers  to  improve  instruction. 

Three  two-day  meetings  in  language  arts  were  held  during  the 
year.  Each  elementary  supervisor  attended  one  meeting.  This 
series  marked  the  fifth  year  of  the  State-wide  program  in  language 
arts.  The  emphasis  in  1954-55  was  on  the  development  of  compre- 
hension skills  in  reading. 

The  language  arts  constituted  also  a  major  part  of  the  work- 
shop program  at  Bowie  in  June,  1954.  An  unusually  high  degree  of 
interest  in  this  workshop  was  evidenced  by  the  attendance  of  275 
teachers  and  principals  from  all  over  the  State.  In  addition  to  the 
language  arts,  arithmetic  and  science  programs  were  worked  on  and 
administration  studied  under  highly  competent  consultants  from 
Temple  University,  Columbia  University,  Virginia  State  College, 
and  Morgan  College. 

A  unique  venture  in  the  field  of  language  arts  was  the  organiza- 
tion of  the  Southern  Maryland  Reading  Club,  made  up  of  members 
from  Charles,  St.  Mary's,  and  Prince  George's  counties.  A  series 
of  monthly  meetings  was  held  for  the  discussion  of  various  reading 
problems  and  concerns  of  classroom  teachers.  These  activities  were 
culminated  by  a  one-day  Reading  Conference  at  Bowie  on  April  16 
at  which  time  outstanding  consultants  from  Hampton  Institute, 
Virginia  University,  New  York  University,  Goucher  College,  Coppin 
State  Teachers  College,  and  Bowie  State  Teachers  College  were 
present.  Two  hundred  ten  representatives  from  16  counties  at- 
tended. Frederick  County  teachers  sponsored  a  Western  Mary- 
land Reading  Conference  and  invited  teachers  from  adjoining 
counties.  Fifty-five  teachers  from  4  counties  participated  and 
consultants  were  present  from  Temple  University,  Minor  Teachers 
College,  and  Coppin  and  Bowie  State  Teachers  College. 


42  Eighty-Ninth  Annual  Report 

Two  meetings  were  held  for  Child  Study  Leaders,  one  two-day 
meeting  in  January  and  one  three-day  meeting  in  March.  Forty- 
two  leaders  from  13  different  counties  attended  the  January  meet- 
ing. Thirty-six  leaders  from  the  same  counties  attended  the  March 
meeting.  The  Child  Study  program  continues  to  be  an  important 
in-service  training  program  for  teachers.  Forty-four  first-year 
groups,  25  second-year  groups,  and  26  third-year  groups  were  re- 
ported for  the  State  this  year,  with  a  total  enrollment  of  769  teach- 
ers. This  was  260  less  teachers  than  last  year.  The  leadership  of 
this  program  has  become  the  responsibility  of  principals  and  out- 
standing teachers.  There  is  definite  need  to  give  these  leaders 
more  training,  if  the  program  is  to  continue  to  be  effective. 

Closely  allied  with  child  study  is  the  parent  education  program 
in  the  State  which  also  depends  for  its  consultants  upon  the  Child 
Study  Institute  at  the  University  of  Maryland.  This  year  16  coun- 
ties participated  in  the  program.  There  were  in  all  127  groups 
and  1,960  participants.  Fifty-one  of  the  groups  were  new  this  year 
and  34  of  the  groups  which  met  in  1953-54  did  not  reorganize. 
Parents  who  have  participated  in  these  discussion  groups  have  made 
the  following  statements:  "It  is  a  relief  to  find  other  parents  with 
the  same  problem."  'T  have  learned  not  to  expect  the  same 
achievement  from  the  children  in  my  family.  They  are  all  different." 
"I  am  no  longer  afraid  to  talk  about  the  successes  as  well  as  the 
failures  of  my  children."  'T  am  beginning  to  understand  my  chil- 
dren better  by  taking  a  look  at  myself." 

A  three-day  conference  of  pupil  personnel  workers  was  held  in 
Hagerstown  in  November.  Dr.  Leo  Kanner,  Director  of  the 
Harriet  Lane  Clinic,  Johns  Hopkins  Hospital,  gave  the  opening 
address.  Symptoms  of  maladjustment  and  the  early  understanding 
of  causes  of  unacceptable  behavior  were  emphasized.  Dr.  Richard 
Byrne,  University  of  Maryland,  spoke  to  the  group  about  the  rela- 
tionship of  pupil  personnel  to  the  guidance  counselor.  Dr.  Geneva 
Flickinger  of  the  staff  of  the  Division  of  Instruction  discussed 
special  education  and  the  role  of  pupil  personnel  workers  in  this  area. 
A  committee  was  appointed  to  plan  a  survey  as  a  basis  for  evaluating 
the  present  program  and  projecting  future  needs. 

Representatives  from  the  various  counties,  including  super- 
visors and  many  of  the  county  superintendents,  met  at  the  Lord 
Baltimore  Hotel  for  one  week  in  September,  1954,  to  review  develop- 
ments in  the  organization  and  administration  of  core  programs  and 
to  determine  directions  for  future  developments.  Dr.  Paul  Cooper, 
Superintendent  of  Schools  in  Worcester  County,  had,  in  preparation 
for  the  conference,  made  a  very  careful  survey  of  practices  in  the 
various  counties  of  the  State.  His  written  report  as  well  as  the  oral 
reports  made  by  superintendents  and  others  made  it  clear  that  core 
programs  were  rather  firmly  established  in  junior  high  schools. 
Plans  were  made  at  this  time  for  the  further  strengthening  of  these 
programs. 

The  conference  on  the  core  method  and  plan  of  curriculum 
organization  was  preliminary  and,  to  a  degree,  preparatory  to  a 


Maryland  State  Department  of  Education  43 

general  curriculum  conference  held  at  Towson  State  Teachers  Col- 
lege in  June,  1955.  This  was  an  anniversary  workshop.  In  1945, 
representative  schoolmen  from  all  parts  of  the  State  had  projected 
the  patterns  of  curriculum  organization  and  the  kinds  of  content 
which  at  the  various  levels  of  the  program  should  characterize  the 
curriculum  in  a  twelve-grade  sequence  of  offerings.  The  6-3-3 
plan  of  organization  was  being  introduced  into  twenty  of  the  twenty- 
three  counties  for  the  first  time.  Again  in  the  spring  of  1955,  on  the 
tenth  anniversary  of  the  first  all-State  workshop,  representative 
school  people  from  all  the  counties  met  to  review  developments  in 
the  intervening  years,  study  national  trends  and  research  findings, 
and  project  courses  of  action  for  the  years  immediately  ahead. 
From  the  workshop  came  twelve  reports  which  will  be  printed  and 
distributed  during  this  and  the  next  school  year.  These  reports 
are  (1)  Guide  to  Curriculum  Development;  (2)  The  Language  Arts; 
(3)  Social  Studies;  (4)  Science;  (5)  Mathematics;  (6)  Art  and  Music; 
(7)  Agriculture;  (8)  Industrial  Arts;  (9)  Home  Economics;  (10) 
Health,  Safety,  and  Physical  Education;  (11)  Children  with  Special 
Needs;  and  (12)  Administrative  Policies — Planning,  Grouping, 
Evaluation   of   Pupil   Progress. 

One  major  activity  during  the  year  was  the  organization  and 
operation  of  a  State  Guidance  Committee.  This  committee  of 
twenty-one  members  representing  both  Department  and  county 
personnel  interested  in  the  various  phases  of  a  program  of  guidance 
services,  held  three  one-day  meetings  during  the  year.  Specific 
plans  were  made  for  the  June  workshop  for  the  purpose  of  preparing 
a  State  bulletin  on  the  guidance  program. 

Prior  to  the  general  curriculum  workshop  at  Towson,  the  high 
school  principals  and  supervisors  of  the  State,  City,  and  county  met 
at  the  Lord  Baltimore  Hotel  for  three  days  to  consider  what  measures 
might  be  taken  to  close  the  gap  between  increasing  demand  for 
scientists,  technologists,  and  bi-  and  multi-lingualists  and  static 
enrollments  in  science,  mathematics,  and  foreign  languages  in  high 
school.  Recommendations  made  by  the  study  groups  were  in- 
corporated into  a  report  from  the  conference  and  distributed  among 
schools  and  colleges  throughout  the  State. 

On  Saturday,  March  26,  the  Maryland  Association  for  Health, 
Physical  Education,  and  Recreation  held  its  annual  spring  con- 
ference. This  is  one  of  the  few  groups  affiliated  with  the  Maryland 
State  Teachers  Association  that  sponsors  its  own  conferences  for 
the  in-service  education  of  its  members.  The  Supervisor  of  Health 
and  Physical  Education,  in  the  Division  of  Instruction,  was  present 
to  give  direction  to  the  program  and  assist  with  consultant  service. 

In  addition  to  the  services  of  its  own  personnel  to  county 
school  systems,  the  Division  of  Instruction  extends  and  supple- 
ments its  program  by  arranging  with  colleges  and  other  agencies 
both  in  and  out  of  the  State  to  have  resource  people  with  highly 
specialized  knowledge  and  skill  work  in  the  counties  on  request. 


44  Eighty-Ninth  Annual  Report 

Specialists  in  language  arts,  child  study,  music,  art,  library  services, 
science,  mathematics,  and  foreign  languages  help  with  teacher 
education  programs  in  more  than  half  the  counties  each  year. 

Assistance  in  Curriculum  Development,  State  and  County  Levels 

The  supervisors  on  the  staff  of  the  Division  of  Instruction,  both 
general  and  special,  were  in  the  counties  constantly,  usually  on 
request,  to  help  plan  curriculum  workshops  and  conferences  and  to 
evaluate  programs  and  courses  of  study.  Garrett,  Washington, 
Frederick,  Howard,  Anne  Arundel,  Montgomery,  Prince  George's, 
Baltimore,  Talbot,  Harford,  Kent,  Cecil,  Calvert,  and  Wicomico 
Counties  were  particularly  active  in  these  areas  this  year  and  made 
corresponding  demands  upon  the  time  of  the  State  supervisors. 
Services  of  State  personnel  drawn  upon  in  this  way  in  relationship 
to  recognized  needs  promise  greatest  effectiveness. 

This  year  as  in  the  past  a  number  of  high  schools  in  the  State 
were  preparing  for  evaluation  by  a  committee  representing  the 
Middle  States  Accrediting  Association.  State  supervisors  were 
called  upon  in  connection  with  these  surveys  to  aid  in  the  organiza- 
tion of  the  staff  for  self-evaluation  prior  to  the  visit  of  the  committee 
of  the  Regional  Association. 

In  addition  to  assisting  in  the  preparation  for  evaluations  made 
by  the  Regional  Association,  supervisors  of  the  Division  of  Instruc- 
tion helped  throughout  the  year  with  less  formalized  types  of  evalua- 
tion. Mr.  George  Crawford,  Supervisor  of  Curriculum,  arranged 
with  six  pilot  elementary  schools  for  extensive  evaluation  of  their 
programs  during  the  school  year  1955-56.  Several  sets  of  evaluative 
criteria  were  studied  and  decision  made  to  use  the  Boston  book. 
Elementary  Evaluative  Criteria.  Detailed  plans  were  made  for  the 
analysis  of  the  pilot  situations. 

The  following  are  representative  of  pilot  programs  in  operation  in 
various  counties  of  the  State:  Beginning  reading  in  two  schools  in 
Montgonery  county;  literature  teaching,  story  telling,  choral  read- 
ing, poetry,  recreational  reading  in  Somerset  County;  outstanding 
progress  in  developmental  reading  in  Queen  Anne's  County;  remedial 
reading  in  several  schools  in  Dorchester  County;  written  report  to 
parents  in  St.  Mary's  County;  work  with  gifted  children  in  Balti- 
more County;  work  in  language  arts  in  Allegany  County;  outdoor 
education  projects  in  Wicomico  County;  preparation  of  most  appro- 
priate materials  for  an  effective  physical  education  program  in 
Howard  County;  and  an  intramural  clinic  for  girls  in  the  Sollers 
Point  High  School  in  Baltimore  County. 

The  Division  of  Instruction  in  conference  planned  to  inventory 
the  kinds  of  adaptations  made  in  instruction  in  the  various  county 
schools  to  the  needs  of  able  and  talented  students.  The  supervisor 
of  special  education  prepared  a  questionnaire  and  canvassed  the 
twenty-three  county  systems.  It  was  found  that  some  special 
programs  had  been  set  up  but  that  in  general  provisions  were  made 
within  the  class  as  a  part  of  the  larger  problem  of  adapting  instruc- 


Maryland  State  Department  of  Education  45 

tion  to  individual  differences.  Results  obtained  from  the  ques- 
tionnaire will  be  used  as  bases  for  formulating  policies  and  estab- 
lishing criteria  for  guidance  in  developing  programs  for  the  in- 
tellectually superior  and  the  gifted  student. 

The  State  Supervisor  of  Elementary  Schools  worked  through- 
out the  year  with  a  representative  committee  of  the  counties  in  the 
preparation  of  a  bulletin  for  use  in  connection  with  the  observance 
of  Special  Days,  and  one  of  the  State  High  School  Supervisors 
worked  with  another  committee  in  the  preparation  of  a  bulletin 
for  use  in  connection  with  guidance  programs.  These  two  bulletins 
will  probably  be  ready  for  distribution  late  in  1955-56  or  early  in 
1956-57. 

One  of  the  State  Supervisors  of  Curriculum  has  worked  co- 
operatively with  the  local  county  units  in  developing  and  publishing 
the  following  materials:  23  county  picture  portfolios  depicting  six 
aspects  of  living  in  each  county — geographical,  historical,  industrial 
and  occupational,  social,  scenic,  and  unique;  the  Pictorial  Maryland 
Collection — a  set  of  275  pictures  with  scripts  on  the  four  sections  of 
Maryland. 

Five  thousand  copies  of  each  of  the  conservation  booklets 
Maryland' s  Sunken  Treasure  and  Our  Underwater  Farm  had  been 
sold  by  September,  1954.  Arrangements  were  made  for  a  second 
printing  and  both  books  are  now  available  for  purchase. 

Copies  of  List  I  and  List  II  Instructional  and  Professional 
Materials  were  distributed  to  the  local  boards  of  education  and  the 
State  teachers  colleges.  Sixty-two  thousand,  eighty-eight  pieces 
of  material  developed  by  our  State  agencies  were  ordered  by  the 
local  boards  of  education  and  State  teachers  colleges  for  use  in  our 
public  schools, 

A  three-day  State  Audio-visual  Preview  was  held  and  the  follow- 
ing audio-visual  materials  were  selected  for  purchase:  26  films, 
14  filmstrips,  and  1  recording.  The  State  audio-visual  collection 
now  consists  of:  382  films,  171  film-strips,  30  recordings,  8  sets  of 
laminated  pictures,  and  23  sets  of  colored  slides. 

Two  art  bulletins  were  developed  co-operatively  by  members  of 
the  Division  of  Instruction  and  representatives  from  the  counties. 
A  number  of  copies  of  these  two  art  bulletins  "Art  in  Our  Maryland 
Schools"  and  "Resources  for  an  Effective  Art  Program"  were  made 
available  to  the  local  boards  of  education  and  State  teachers  colleges. 
Arrangements  were  made  for  a  second  printing  of  these  materials. 

Under  the  general  direction  of  the  State  Supervisor  of  Pupil 
Personnel,  A  Handbook  for  Pupil  Personnel  Workers  was  published 
and  copies  were  distributed  to  all  pupil  personnel  workers,  principals, 
counselors,  county  welfare  departments,  county  health  departments, 
juvenile  courts,  etc.  An  attempt  was  made  to  clarify  the  philosophy 
and  to  explain  the  relationship  of  pupil  personnel  work  to  the 
total  school  program.     The  professional  training  and  qualifications 


46  Eighty-Ninth  Annual  Report 

of  pupil  personnel  workers  were  set  forth.  The  various  responsi- 
bilities of  supervisors  and  visiting  teachers  were  written  in  detail 
and  emphasis  was  given  to  the  role  of  these  workers  in  co-ordinating 
the  services  of  community  agencies  with  those  of  the  school  in  the 
best  interest  of  the  child. 

Supervisory  Aid  in  a  School  Organization  and  Administration 

The  elementary  and  high  school  supervisors  of  the  State  are 
concerned  with  the  improvement  of  instruction  and  with  school 
organization  and  administration  that  this  end  may  best  be  achieved. 
The  high  school  supervisors  particularly  are  interested  in  size  of 
classes,  number  of  periods  in  the  school  day,  the  satisfaction  of 
requirements  prescribed  for  graduation  in  the  various  curriculums, 
the  average  number  of  unit  credits  earned  by  students  during  four 
years  of  regular  attendance,  the  amount  of  released  time  permitted 
for  credit  and  noncredit  work  experience  programs  of  all  kinds  and  in 
out-of-school  programs  accepted  as  substitutes  for  the  required  four 
years  of  regular  attendance.  All  of  these  factors  may  be  correlated 
with  the  quality  of  the  work  done  in  satisfaction  of  high  school 
graduation  requirements. 

The  two  High  School  Supervisors  in  the  State  Department  of 
Education  analyze  the  reports  on  enrollments  and  organizational 
data  submitted  by  the  high  school  principals  early  in  the  school 
year  and  use  their  analyses  in  evaluating  with  each  principal  the 
organization  and  administration  of  their  school  for  instructional 
purposes.  From  their  study  of  these  reports  and  from  conferences 
during  visits,  the  high  school  supervisors  have  noted  certain  prob- 
lems that,  commonly,  are  of  immediate  concern  to  principals  and 
teachers  throughout  the  State: 

1.  Nature  and  sequence  of  offerings  in  the  various  high  school  curri- 
culums including  units  for  graduation 

2.  The  number  of  units  earned  by  high  school  students  during  four 
years  of  attendance  as  this  relates  to  numbers  of  periods  in  the 
school  day,  the  student  load  permitted,  and  the  quality  of  the  work 
done 

3.  Released  time,  work  experience  programs,  and  the  relation  of 
these  to  the  valid  purposes  of  the  school 

4.  Increasing  class  size,  especially  in  the  junior  high  school 

5.  The  pupil-activity  programs  in  high  schools 

6.  The  needs  of  retarded  and  the  needs  of  gifted  students 

7.  The  problem  of  reading,  especially  in  the  junior  high  school 

8.  Special  offerings  for  those  who  have  the  aptitude  and  interest, 
particularly  in  small  and  medium-sized  schools 

The  State  High  School  Supervisors  are  revising  the  form  on 
which  the  principal  makes  his  annual  report.  It  is  hoped  that  the 
changes  which  they  make  will  minimize  duplications  in  reports  and 
indicate  more  clearly  interrelationships  among  organizational  and 
administrative  data  and  the  character  of  student  achievement. 


Maryland  State  Department  of  Education  47 

Furtherance  of  Special  Education  Programs 

The  Supervisor  of  Special  Education  devoted  a  great  deal  of 
time  and  effort  this  year  to  conferences  with  individual  parents  and 
worked  with  organized  groups  of  parents: 

A.    Leadership 

A  great  deal  of  time  and  effort  was  devoted  to  con- 
ferences with  individual  parents  and  work  with  organized 
groups  of  parents.  In  the  counties  where  there  was  no 
supervisor  of  special  education  and  where  an  acute  problem 
arose,  it  was  sometimes  necessary  to  visit  homes  and  to 
discuss  with  parents  the  condition  of  the  particular  child 
and  the  implications  for  education.  More  frequently  asso- 
ciations of  parents  requested  service  either  in  the  form  of  a 
speech  to  the  whole  group,  a  conference  with  a  committee,  or 
a  visit  to  a  program  which  had  been  initiated  by  them.  In 
addition  to  these  associations  contact  has  been  made  with 
the  Mental  Hygiene  Society,  the  Baltimore  Hearing  Society, 
the  Maryland  Society  for  the  Prevention  of  Blindness, 
councils  for  exceptional  children,  and  speech  associations. 

Most  of  the  supervisor's  time  was  consumed  in  super- 
vising programs  throughout  the  State.  Each  county  was 
visited  at  least  once  and  several  of  them,  where  active  pro- 
grams are  in  operation,  were  visited  as  many  as  eight  to  ten 
times.  Dr.  Samuel  Kirk,  Director  of  Research  in  Special 
Education  at  the  University  of  Illinois,  visited  the  State  in 
November  to  address  the  general  elementary  supervisors 
and  to  observe  in  Anne  Arundel  and  Prince  George's  coun- 
ties. The  speech  therapists  from  the  counties  met  for  one 
day  to  discuss  certification  with  Miss  Merle  S.  Bateman, 
Director  of  Certification  and  Accreditation,  and  to  hear  Dr. 
William  G.  Hardy,  Director  of  Speech  and  Hearing  Center, 
Johns  Hopkins  Hospital. 

B.    Curriculum  Revision  and  Improvement  of  Materials 

Several  counties  have  been  working  on  curriculum 
materials  for  the  retarded  child.  Much  of  this  work  has 
been  informal,  but  in  Montgomery  and  Baltimore  counties 
an  effort  has  been  made  to  set  forth  in  the  form  of  a  bulletin 
the  type  of  experiences  retarded  children  should  have.  In 
this  same  connection  the  report  of  the  educational  program 
at  the  Rosewood  State  Training  School  was  completed  and 
submitted  to  Dr.  Clifton  T.  Perkins,  Commissioner  of 
Mental  Hygiene  for  the  State  of  Maryland.  In  addition, 
speech  materials  have  been  developed  in  Anne  Arundel, 
Baltimore,  and  Prince  George's  Counties. 

Several  pilot  programs  have  been  developing  for  the 
past  few  years.  One  of  these  deals  with  the  orthopedically 
handicapped  child.     Prince  George's,  Montgomery,  Fred- 


48  Eighty-Ninth  Annual  Reporx 

erick,  Washington,  and  Anne  Arundel  counties  have  been 
experimenting  with  a  balance  of  therapy  and  education 
in  order  to  develop  these  children  to  their  maximum.  In 
no  case  has  a  bulletin  resulted,  but  in  every  case  informa- 
tion has  been  accumulated  for  future  study. 

The  newest  program  has  been  that  for  severely  re- 
tarded children.  During  1954-55  there  were  15  classes  for 
trainable  children  in  actual  operation  in  the  Maryland 
counties.  Sixteen  additional  classes  are  projected  for 
1955-56.  The  15  classes  served  approximately  175  children 
in  Harford,  Montgomery,  Prince  George's,  Washington,  and 
Wicomico  counties.  This  program  has  been  experimental, 
with  emphasis  upon  practical  experience  and  such  activities 
as  rhythms,  nature  study,  co-ordination,  and  improved 
speech. 

Montgomery  and  Prince  George's  Counties  have  turned 
their  attention  to  the  brain-damaged  child.  In  this  area 
there  has  been  so  little  material  published  that  the  teachers 
have  explored  various  possibilities  themselves  and  have 
constantly  evaluated  the  progress  of  the  children,  and 
changed  their  methods  in  light  of  the  evaluation. 

The  school-to-home  telephone  service  has  been  used 
more  widely  this  year  than  before.  Five  counties — Anne 
Arundel,  Baltimore,  Prince  George's,  Talbot,  and  Wicomico 
— have  used  this  service  and  have  been  pleased  with  the 
results. 

C.    Evaluation 

Evaluation  has  taken  place  in  the  areas  of  certification, 
the  development  of  policies,  and  the  re-examination  of  the 
total  State  program.  Certification  requirements  now 
exist  only  in  the  field  of  speech.  These  have  been  found 
inadequate  and  are  in  the  process  of  revision.  A  rec- 
ommendation has  gone  to  Miss  Bateman  from  a  committee 
of  speech  teachers. 

The  local  supervisors  of  special  education  have  met  to 
discuss  the  State  rules  and  regulations  which  implement  the 
State  law  on  educating  handicapped  children.  Those 
causing  chief  concern  had  to  do  with  the  organizing  of 
special  classes  and  the  administration  of  State  aid  to  a 
handicapped  child  enrolled  in  a  school  away  from  his  own 
public  school  system.  These  rules  and  regulations  will  be 
submitted  to  Dr.  Pullen  for  his  approval. 

The  Commission  on  Special  Education  in  Maryland, 
under  the  leadership  of  Mr.  George  W.  Constable,  has  con- 
tinued its  study  and  is  now  making  recommendations  for 
educational    programs    for   various    types    of   exceptional 


Maryland  State  Department  of  Education  49 

children.     This  report  will  probably  be  completed  within 
the  next  year. 

D.   Problems 

One  of  the  most  pressing  problems  is  the  need  for 
special  services  at  the  junior  high  school  level.  During 
1954-55  there  were  30  special  classes  organized  in  6  different 
counties  for  children  enrolled  in  junior  and  senior  high 
schools.  The  chief  difficulties  in  providing  such  programs 
seem  to  center  around  granting  of  units  and  diplomas  as 
well  as  providing  for  work  experiences  which  these  children 
need. 

It  has  been  difficult  to  find  teachers  who  are  qualified 
to  teach  in  special  classes  at  any  level.  In  most  cases 
qualified  elementary  teachers  with  an  understanding  of 
deviate  children  and  a  desire  to  experiment  have  been  em- 
ployed. The  program  would  be  greatly  improved  if  there 
were  readily  available  a  center  to  which  these  teachers 
could  go  for  summer  courses. 

Several  of  the  counties,  either  singly  or  jointly  with 
another  county,  could  use  a  supervisor  of  special  education 
to  take  over  the  growing  program  and  to  work  with  the 
general  supervisors  in  explaining  its  purpose. 

There  is  need  to  bring  together  in  the  State  of  Mary- 
land all  teachers  of  the  mentally  handicapped  in  order  to 
discuss  common  problems,  to  pool  information,  and  to 
develop  together  a  suggested  curriculum.  Several  teachers 
have  been  isolated  in  their  counties  for  a  long  while  and 
need  a  professional  program  of  this  sort.  Even  those 
teachers  who  are  in  the  larger  counties  and  who  have 
shared  work  with  colleagues  would  benefit  by  having  this 
type  of  service. 

Help  to  Athletic  Associations 

The  Assistant  Supervisor  of  Health  and  Physical  Education 
gave  consistent  consultive  service  in  the  redirection  of  the  1955 
Girls  Volleyball  Tournament  of  the  Maryland  Public  Schools 
Athletic  Association  which  was  held  at  the  University  of  Maryland 
on  May  14.  Changes  made  were  planned  by  the  Committee  in 
charge  in  consonance  with  the  following  statements  of  purposes 
which  served  as  criteria: 

1.  To  provide  a  wholesome,  healthful,  competitive  situation  for  all 
girls 

2.  To  provide  opportunities  to  effect  intelligent  health  practices 

3.  To  provide  situations  in  which  many  girls  and  teachers  may  asso- 
ciate informally  and  helpfully 

4.  To  permit  all  member  schools  the  privilege  of  participating 

5.  To  stimulate  students  to  play  for  the  joy  of  play,  not  for  artificial 
incentives. 


50  Eighty-Ninth  Annual  Report 

The  State  Supervisor  of  Health  and  Physical  Education  serves 
as  Executive  Secretary  of  the  Maryland  Public  Schools  Athletic 
Associations.  In  this  capacity  he  is  responsible  for  organizing,  con- 
ducting, and  keeping  the  records  of  six  State-wide  meetings.  In  addi- 
tion he  must  give  direction  to  the  following  State-wide  projects  spon- 
sored by  the  Associations: 

1.  Two  cross  country  meets  for  boys 

2.  Two  basketball  tournaments  for  boys 

3.  Two  track  and  field  meets  for  boys 

Other  Supervisory  Services 

In  addition  to  giving  consultant  service  to  programs  mentioned 
in  the  preceding  paragraphs,  members  of  the  staff  of  the  Division  of 
Instruction  helped  in  the  planning  and  organization  of  many  other 
kinds  of  activities  related  to  instruction  in  elementary  and  high 
schools  in  the  counties.  Among  these  were  (1)  telecasts  from  14 
classrooms  in  two  counties;  (2)  co-ordination  of  health  and  edu- 
cational programs  through  the  work  of  the  State  Health  Council; 
(3)  co-ordination  of  the  work  of  the  Automobile  Association,  the 
Maryland  Traffic  Safety  Commission,  and  the  schools  for  the  up- 
grading of  Driver  Education  programs;  (4)  co-ordination  of  the 
work  of  the  Childrens  Bureau  of  the  State  Welfare  Department  with 
the  work  of  the  Division  of  Instruction  of  the  State  Department  of 
Education  for  the  improvement  of  the  educational  program  in  train- 
ing institutions  and  in  camps  for  delinquent  boys  sixteen  years  of 
age  and  over;  (5)  helping  to  plan  and  staff  the  summer  teacher  edu- 
cation program  for  inmate  teachers  in  the  Maryland  Penitentiary; 
(6)  planning  with  the  counties  concerned  for  the  schooling  of  migrant 
children,  314  children  in  9  counties  (teachers  commented  that  these 
children  adjusted  easily  and  made  special  contributions  to  their 
classes  in  social  studies  and  creative  dancing.  Many  were  retarded 
in  reading  but  showed  special  aptitude  in  arithmetic);  (7)  selecting 
teachers  and  awarding  scholarships  to  the  Workshop  in  Economics 
Education  held  annually  at  Goucher  College;  (8)  making  detailed 
plans  with  the  counties  for  the  accommodations,  entertainment,  and 
school  visits  of  school  people  from  foreign  countries;  (9)  taking  the 
school  census;  and  (10)  organizing  and  conducting  two  three-day  art 
workshops  for  elementary  and  high  school  teachers,  one  at  the  State 
Teachers  College  at  Bowie  and  the  second  at  the  State  Teachers 
College  at  Salisbury. 


Maryland  State  Department  of  Education  51 

DIVISION  OF  LIBRARY  EXTENSION 

The  Division  of  Library  Extension  has  two  main  functions: 
(1)  to  develop  State-wide  pubhc  Hbrary  and  school  library  services 
and  encourage  the  development  of  library  services  in  State  hospitals 
and  institutions  and  (2)  to  lend  materials  to  libraries  when  they 
have  requests  on  subjects  not  satisfactorily  covered  in  local  library 
collections  and  to  individuals  who  live  in  areas  without  public 
libraries. 

Close  contact  is  maintained  throughout  the  State  with  librarians, 
library  trustees,  and  school  and  institutional  administrators  by 
means  of  conferences,  visits,  correspondence,  and  publications. 
Community  leaders  and  organizations  are  kept  aware  of  library 
services  and  needs  and  are  guided  in  their  interests  to  improve 
libraries  and  to  establish  new  libraries. 

The  Division  has  about  85,000  books,  periodicals,  and  audio- 
visual materials  which  are  lent  to  libraries  to  supplement  local 
library  collections  and  to  individuals  living  in  areas  where  there  is 
no  public  library  service.  Sixty-five  thousand,  nine  hundred  and 
twenty  items  were  lent  from  July  1,  1954,  to  June  30,  1955.  Loans 
were  made  to  every  county,  but  only  3  per  cent  of  all  loans  were 
made  to  individuals  in  the  areas  without  public  libraries.  One  fifth 
of  all  loans  were  adult  nonfiction  books  which  were  titles  or  subjects 
requested  by  library  patrons  but  not  available  in  local  libraries. 
Three  fourths  of  the  nonfiction  loans  were  from  the  collection  of  the 
Division  and  one  fourth  was  borrowed  through  interlibrary  loan 
from  the  Enoch  Pratt  PYee  Library  and  other  libraries.  The  largest 
increase  over  1954  was  in  the  loan  of  films  and  filmstrips.  Another 
large  increase  was  shown  in  the  number  of  reference  questions  for 
which  children's  books  were  used. 

Books  on  Exhibit,  a  nationally  selected  collection  of  around  500 
books  from  all  publishers  and  of  an  interest  range  to  children  from 
kindergarten  through  high  school,  was  lent  to  twenty  of  the  coun- 
ties for  public  exhibits  of  two-week  periods  or  longer.  These  books 
are  used  as  a  guide  to  the  selection  of  new  materials  for  the  school 
and  public  libraries  and  are  examined  by  librarians,  teachers,  and 
many  children  and  parents.  Printed  catalogues  are  distributed  from 
the  exhibit  and  may  be  checked  for  possible  purchase  when  the 
books  are  being  examined.  These  books  were  also  exhibited  at  the 
State  convention  of  the  Maryland  Congress  of  Parents  and  Teachers 
and  at  the  University  of  Maryland  during  summer  school. 

The  Cecil  County  Library's  bookmobile,  filled  with  books  ready 
for  a  run,  was  on  exhibit  during  the  Maryland  State  Fair  at  Timon- 
ium.  An  exhibit  of  materials  which  public  libraries  would  be 
able  to  furnish  was  set  up  at  College  Park  for  the  Second  Annual 
Conference  on  Community  Development.  A  bibliography  on 
Maryland  was  made  for  the  Maryland  State  Teachers  Association 
and  published  in  its  Institute  on  Maryland  Public  Affairs  Resource 
Handbook.     These  materials  were  exhibited  in  July,  1954,  for  the 


52  Eighty-Ninth  Annual  Report 

use  of  the  participants  in  the  workshop  on  Maryland  PubHc  Affairs 
at  the  State  Teachers  College  in  Towson.  A  list  of  books  on  Thai- 
land was  prepared  for  the  use  of  study  groups  of  the  American  Asso- 
ciation of  University  Women.  At  the  request  of  Mrs.  Fred  L.  Bull, 
State  and  National  Chairman  of  Citizenship  for  the  Homemaker's 
Clubs,  a  reading  list  of  books.  The  Homemaker-Citizen,  was  com- 
piled and  distributed  in  the  State  and  nationally.  All  lists  are  sent 
to  the  public  libraries  to  guide  them  in  having  materials  their 
readers  will  want. 

Your  Division  of  Library  Extension  Serves  You  is  an  attractive 
folder  printed  in  red  and  black  which  tells  what  the  Division  has 
and  does  and  how  to  use  it.  A  map  of  the  State  showing  the  county 
and  municipal  public  libraries  is  printed  on  the  back.  Laws  of 
Maryland  Relating  to  Public  Libraries  was  reprinted  as  a  separate 
publication  from  Public  School  Laws  of  Maryland.  Audio-Visual 
Catalog  195 1^  was  mimeographed  to  inform  users  of  the  Division's 
policies  and  holdings  in  films,  filmstrips,  slides,  records,  etc.  Annota- 
tions are  included  for  each  film  and  all  material  is  included  in  the 
subject  index.  Maryland  Libraries  1953 -5 Jf.  is  a  mimeographed  ad- 
vance copy  of  the  Division's  report  and  statistics  about  libraries,  as 
submitted  for  the  Maryland  State  Department  of  Education's 
report. 

Public  Libraries 

The  public  libraries  continue  to  grow  in  book  stock,  use,  and 
support.  Almost  8,000,000  items  were  borrowed  from  all  the 
public  libraries  of  which  more  than  4,000,000  were  borrowed  from 
the  libraries  in  the  counties.  The  support  of  operating  the  public 
libraries  in  the  counties  was  $1,140,000.  State  aid  of  10  cent  per 
capita,  which  was  voted  by  the  General  Assembly  in  1953  for  the 
operation  of  the  county  libraries  and  the  Enoch  Pratt  Free  Library 
of  Baltimore,  became  available  July  1,  1954. 

Even  with  increases  in  the  libraries  of  the  14  counties  receiving 
State  aid,  the  present  average  book  stock  is  less  than  %  of  a  book  per 
capita  with  9  of  the  14  counties  showing  a  number  below  the  average. 
Only  one  county  has  13^  books  per  capita  which  is  the  goal  for  Mary- 
land libraries  serving  100,000  or  more  and  a  recognized  national 
standard.  Six  of  the  counties  report  only  one  professional  librarian 
on  the  staff.  At  least  three  counties  which  last  year  had  two  or 
three  professional  librarians  have  one  less  this  year,  since  the 
salaries  they  can  pay  are  lower  than  are  offered  by  some  other 
libraries. 

Ten  of  the  14  counties  are  supporting  the  operation  of  the 
public  libraries  with  more  than  the  2  cent  tax,  which  is  the  legal 
minimum  required  by  the  1945  law.  In  1954-55  this  minimum  re- 
quired that  a  total  of  $452,500  be  appropriated  for  public  library 
support  in  the  14  counties,  but  they  provided  $768,400,  an  increase 
of  $315,900  from  county  tax  funds  and  an  average  of  a  3  2/5  cent 
tax.  Samples  range  for  St.  Mary's  about  5  cents;  Cecil,  Charles, 
Montgomery,   Prince   George's,   and   Queen  Anne's  more  than  3 


Maryland  State  Department  of  Education  53 

cents,  and  Baltimore  City  for  the  Enoch  Pratt  Free  Library  more 
than  8  cents.  Baltimore  City  is  not  included  in  average  computa- 
tions. The  Mayor  and  City  Council  of  Baltimore  receive  State  aid 
of  12  cents  per  capita  which  is  added  to  their  appropriation  for  the 
Pratt  Library.  Only  Charles  and  Montgomery  Counties  started 
their  county  libraries  with  county  appropriations  larger  than  the 
2  cents  tax. 

The  1945  law  specifies  as  the  first  duty  of  the  Division  of  Library 
Extension  "To  develop  State- wide  public  library  and  school  library 
services"  (Article  77,  Chapter  15,  Section  176  (a)  of  the  Annotated 
Code  of  the  Public  General  Laivs  of  Maryland  of  1951).  Even  though 
local  leadership  has  not  demanded  county-wide  service  in  the  9 
counties  not  receiving  State  aid,  it  has  seemed  advisable  to  the  staff 
of  the  Division  to  promote  improvement  of  the  library  legislation 
before  urging  the  people  of  these  counties  to  attempt  extended 
service. 

The  members  of  the  Division  work  closely  with  the  Maryland 
Library  Association's  Legislative  and  Planning  Committee  in  its 
continued  efforts  to  prepare  a  program  of  legislation  which  will  pro- 
vide adequate  minimum  support  for  public  libraries. 

The  Association  held  three  regional  meetings  in  different  parts 
of  the  State  in  December.  Community  leaders  as  well  as  association 
members  attended  and  were  informed  about  the  status  of  Maryland 
public  libraries  and  recommendations  for  legislation.  Because  of 
these  recommendations,  legislation  was  introduced  in  1955,  but 
failed.     The  bills  provided  for: 

1.  County  support  of  the  public  library  which  must  total  at  least  5 
cents  on  each  $100  of  assessed  valuation.  This  can  be  made  up  from 
a  variety  of  sources:  county  tax,  county  appropriation,  town  tax, 
special  district  levies,  or  private  gifts,  all  of  which  must  be  for 
current  operating  expenses. 

2.  The  State  to  pay  30  cents  per  person  to  each  county  qualifying  for 
State  aid  under  the  provisions  described  above. 

3.  The  State  to  add  as  much  as  necessary  to  the  local  funds  plus  the 
30  cents  per  capita  to  make  the  total  $1.50  per  person. 

4.  An  additional  $5,000  in  State  aid  to  each  county  which  contracts 
with  other  counties  to  form  regional  libraries. 

The  Association  has  asked  the  Legislative  Council  to  appoint  a 
committee  to  study  the  library  situation  and  to  prepare  a  plan  of 
sound  financial  framework  for  the  development  of  good  public 
library  service  to  all  Maryland  citizens. 

The  members  of  the  Division  have  continued  to  work  as  mem- 
bers of  the  Library  Development  Committee  in  developing  a  plan 
for  future  services  of  the  public  libraries  and  the  part  in  library  service 
which  should  be  the  function  of  the  Division  of  Library  Extension. 

Two  in-service  training  sessions  were  held  for  county  and 
municipal  librarians.  A  two-day  meeting  on  public  relations  and 
library  publicity  was  held  in  March  with  Miss  Marie  Loizeaux, 
Editor  of  the   Wilson   Library   Bulletin,   as  consultant.     Library 


54  Eighty-Ninth  Annual  Report 

administrators  and  several  professional  staff  members  attended. 
In  May,  Miss  Ruth  Warncke  and  Mr.  R.  E.  Dooley  of  the  American 
Heritage  Project  of  the  American  Library  Association  spent  two 
days  with  25  of  the  librarians  in  a  workshop  on  discussion  methods 
which  have  been  successfully  used  in  public  libraries  throughout  the 
country. 

Maryland  librarians,  for  a  second  year,  registered  in  larger 
numbers  than  those  from  any  other  state  at  the  Institute  held  on 
Adult  Education  in  Libraries  at  Rutgers  University,  June  28  to 
July  1.  Members  of  the  Division  Staff  were  on  the  Planning  Com- 
mittee, prepared  a  working  paper,  and  acted  as  consultant  for  one 
group  and  discussion  leader  for  another. 

On  October  31,  the  Charles  County  Library  had  open  house  and 
a  formal  opening  of  its  new  headquarters  library  which  is  a  wing  of 
the  Charles  County  Court  House.  This  is  the  first  and  only  county 
library  headquarters  built  from  county  funds.  The  others  are 
operating  in  rented  quarters  or  in  buildings  given  for  libraries. 

Miss  Amy  Winslow,  Director  of  the  Enoch  Pratt  Free  Library, 
is  a  member  of  the  A.L.A.  Co-ordinating  Committee  on  Revision  of 
Public  Library  Standards.  On  February  5-9  this  Committee  in- 
vited 34  librarians  to  a  working  conference  in  Chicago  to  prepare 
material  for  the  original  draft  of  the  standards.  The  Director 
of  the  Division  of  Library  Extension  and  three  other  Maryland 
librarians  worked  in  this  group. 

School  Libraries 

In  October,  1954,  School  Libraries  in  Maryland,  an  official 
bulletin  of  the  State  Department  of  Education,  was  published. 
School  librarians,  elementary  teachers  and  principals,  and  general 
elementary  and  secondary  supervisors  have  been  the  biggest  con- 
sumers. Out-of-State  requests  for  copies  of  the  bulletin  continue 
to  come. 

There  were  119  full-time  librarians  in  the  junior-senior  high 
schools  and  41  in  the  elementary  schools.  There  were  64  part-time 
librarians. 

Reports  from  the  high  school  libraries  indicate  that  their  serv- 
ices continue  to  expand.  In  the  Middle  Atlantic  States  evaluations 
of  high  schools  the  libraries  rate  at  least  as  high  as  the  rest  of  the 
school  and  sometimes  higher. 

The  elementary  school  library  program  also  continues  to  ex- 
pand. Baltimore  County  had  33  elementary  school  librarians; 
Montgomery  County  employed  their  first  one  this  year.  Thirteen 
counties  are  developing  central  elementary  libraries — some  of  them 
county-wide  and  some  in  scattered  schools.  If  central  libraries 
are  important  in  elementary  schools,  it  is  as  important  to  have  a 
librarian  in  a  large  elementary  school  as  in  a  large  high  school; 
small  schools  need  some  local  level  advice  and  guidance,  too.     One 


Maryland  State  Department  op  Education  55 

librarian  might  work  in  several  small  schools;  an  arrangement  might 
be  worked  out  whereby  the  local  high  school  librarian  might  help  out. 

The  traveling  exhibit  of  approximately  500  new  books  was 
shown  to  pupils,  teachers,  librarians,  and  parents  in  20  counties. 
The  exhibit  is  popular  with  county  school  administrators  and  librari- 
ans, and  it  undoubtedly  has  been  a  factor  in  the  improvement  of 
the  quality  of  the  books  purchased  for  school  libraries. 

Mrs.  Ruth  Gagliardo,  Library  Chairman  of  the  National 
Congress  of  Parents  and  Teachers,  spent  one  day  in  Montgomery 
County  where  she  conducted  a  workshop  for  chairmen  of  elementary 
school  library  committees  and  principals  of  the  school  in  which  they 
work.  The  workshop  was  sponsored  by  the  Division  of  Library 
Extension  and  the  Montgomery  County  Board  of  Education.  Mrs. 
Gagliardo  was  also  a  speaker  at  one  of  the  general  sessions  at  the 
annual  conference  of  the  Maryland  Congress  of  Parents  and  Teachers. 

Dr.  Lowell  Martin,  Dean  of  the  Graduate  Library  School  at 
Rutgers  University,  was  in  the  State  for  one  day  to  discuss  basic 
undergraduate  programs  in  library  science.  The  heads  of  the 
Department  of  Education  at  the  University  of  Maryland,  Western 
Maryland  College,  and  Morgan  State  College  and  the  staff  of  the 
Division  of  Library  Extension  participated  in  the  conference  with 
Dr.  Martin. 

State  Institutions 

The  Division  of  Library  Extension  has  the  responsibility  for 
the  promotion  of  improved  library  service  in  the  State-operated 
hospitals,  training  schools,  and  correctional  and  other  institutions. 
The  responsibility  is  carried  out  primarily  through  the  activities 
and  advisory  services  of  the  Supervisor  of  County  and  Institution 
Libraries. 

The  Division  also  lends  books  and  other  materials  to  institu- 
tions, prepares  special  collections  of  books  for  exhibit  and  evaluation, 
and  makes  available  to  institutions  all  the  lending  and  other  services 
available  to  other  libraries  throughout  the  State. 

The  number  of  volumes  loaned  to  State  institutions  during  the 
year  was  2,924. 

There  is  a  professionally  trained  librarian  in  each  of  three  of  the 
Tuberculosis  Hospitals.  They  held  two  one-day  conferences  at 
the  Division  of  Library  Extension  office  with  the  Supervisor  of 
County  and  Institution  Libraries.  Plans  were  made  for  joint  book 
selection  and  other  co-operative  practices.  Dr.  G.  Canby  Robinson, 
then  Executive  Secretary  of  the  Maryland  Tuberculosis  Association, 
met  with  the  group  to  discuss  the  use  of  volunteers  in  the  hospital 
libraries  and  the  use  of  the  Maryland  Tuberculosis  funds  for  library 
books. 

With  the  co-operation  of  Mr.  Manila,  Chief  of  the  Division  of 
Training  Schools  of  the  State  Department  of  Welfare,  the  Division 


56  Eighty-Ninth  Annual  Report 

of  Library  Extension  invited  the  Directors  of  Education  and  the 
staff  members  in  charge  of  the  hbraries  in  the  juvenile  training 
schools  to  a  meeting  to  discuss  library  service  in  the  training  schools. 
Miss  Marion  Vedder,  Supervisor  of  Institution  Libraries  in  New 
York  State,  was  consultant  to  the  group.  Interest  was  expressed 
in  having  regular  meetings  on  library  problems.  The  Supervisor 
of  County  and  Institution  Libraries  served  as  a  member  of  a  com- 
mittee appointed  by  Dr.  Spitznas  to  evaluate  the  education  program 
in  the  training  schools.  Libraries  in  the  training  schools  do  not 
have  trained  personnel  in  charge,  nor  is  there  a  regular  budget  for 
books  and  other  library  materials. 

A  new  library  was  organized  this  year  at  the  Reformatory  for 
Males  under  the  direction  of  the  Director  of  Education.  Three 
thousand  dollars  was  appropriated  for  new  books.  Weekly  visits 
are  made  to  all  sections  of  the  institution  with  a  book  cart  carrying 
about  200  books.  Some  of  the  men  in  adjacent  areas  are  allowed  to 
come  to  the  library.  The  institution  staff  has  expressed  a  need  for  a 
professional  librarian  to  develop  this  service. 

Patuxent  Institute  soon  after  its  opening  began  organizing  a 
library  under  the  supervision  of  the  staff  of  the  psychology  depart- 
ment. The  book  collection  consists  mostly  of  gifts,  although  they 
have  been  carefully  selected  by  the  staff. 

With  the  exception  of  the  tuberculosis  hospitals  the  greatest 
need  in  all  the  institutions  is  for  trained  librarians.  Progress  has 
been  made  over  the  past  several  years  and  interest  continues  to  grow. 
More  continuous  attention  needs  to  be  given  to  all  aspects  of  library 
service,  and  the  need  for  a  full-time  trained  staff  member  in  each  of 
the  larger  institutions  is  essential  if  the  service  is  ever  to  achieve  a 
satisfactory  level. 


Maryland  State  Department  of  Education  57 

DIVISION  OF  VOCATIONAL  EDUCATION 

There  are  eleven  programs  of  educational  services  operating 
within  the  vocational  division,  included  in  which  are  the  regular 
vocational  programs  in  agriculture,  home  economics,  trades  and 
industries,  and  distributive  education,  and  the  special  programs 
such  as  adult  education,  school  milk  program,  school  lunch  program, 
surplus  commodities,  and  veterans'  on-farm  and  on-the-job  training. 
All  of  these  programs  are  financed,  in  whole  or  in  part,  by  Federal 
as  well  as  State  funds. 

Vocational  Agriculture 

Much  progress  has  been  made  this  year  in  the  out-of-school 
classes  for  young  and  adult  farmers.  Participation  by  some  of  the 
teachers  in  a  workshop  not  only  increased  understanding  of  pro- 
cedures and  techniques,  but  developed  enthusiasm  in  this  particular 
area  of  vocational  education. 

Another  important  phase  of  development  in  agriculture  was 
the  operation  of  a  farm  mechanics  workshop,  attended  by  all  voca- 
tional agricultural  teachers  who  worked  in  welding,  tractors,  and 
farm  mechinery.  There  is  a  rapid  trend  toward  farm  mechaniza- 
tion, and  it  is  important  that  teachers  acquire  skill  and  experience 
in  order  to  make  their  teaching  in  farm  mechanics  effective.  Real 
progress  has  been  noted  in  this  specific  area  of  agricultural  teaching. 

The  Maryland  Chapter  of  Future  Farmers  of  America  Asso- 
ciation continues  to  be  an  integral  part  of  the  agricultural  program 
in  the  State  and  the  accomplishments  of  the  members  are  numerous 
and  varied,  including  such  items  as  reconditioning  farm  machinery, 
repairing  farm  buildings,  and  study  of  conservation  work  (soil, 
water,  and  forests).  Two  Maryland  high  school  boys  were  chosen 
as  Star  American  Farmers  in  the  North  Atlantic  Region,  which  in- 
cludes twelve  States.  This  organization  was  also  represented  by 
seven  teams  in  out-of -State  judging  contests  during  the  year 
1954-55. 

Distributive  Education 

Emphasis  was  placed  on  the  careful  selection  of  students  in 
this  very  important  program,  using  maturity  rather  than  grade 
placement  in  such  selection.  Considerable  emphasis  was  placed 
on  new  and  improved  facilities.  New  distributive  education  labora- 
tories have  done  much  to  give  the  program  identification  and  status. 
The  quality  of  the  student  selected  for  this  program  made  a  fine 
impression  on  business  men  and  student  performance  rate  above 
average. 

Public  relation  activities  in  this  program  were  excellent,  includ- 
ing working  committees  with  the  Retail  Merchants  Association, 
Associations  of  Commerce,  and  numerous  other  trade  and  industrial 
organizations. 


58  Eighty-Ninth  Annual  Report 

Home  Economics 

One  of  the  outstanding  accomplishments  in  this  area  of  vocational 
education  was  the  workshop,  where  curriculum  materials  were  de- 
veloped for  grades  7  to  12. 

The  State  Study  on  Teaching  Foods  and  Nutrition  was  con- 
tinued throughout  the  year  1954-55  and,  in  addition,  the  home 
economics  program  as  a  whole  in  the  State  was  studied. 

The  demand  for  classes  in  home  economics  for  adults  far  ex- 
ceeds the  funds  available. 

Special  attention  was  given  to  increasing  the  variety  of  courses 
offered  and  encouragement  was  given  for  home  economics  programs 
for  adults  in  counties  where  heretofore  none  has  existed.  In-service 
training  for  teachers  in  this  phase  of  the  home  economics  program 
has  been  given. 

Trade  and  Industrial  Education 

Particular  emphasis  has  been  given  to  the  development  of 
courses  of  study  and  this  material  is  now  available  for  all  trades. 
This  is  considered  an  important  element  in  the  in-service  program, 
especially  for  new  teachers.  This  must  be  a  continuing  project  for 
all  teachers,  if  their  teaching  is  to  keep  abreast  with  new  materials 
and  methods  used  in  the  trades. 

Emphasis  was  also  placed  upon  development  of  teaching  aids, 
production  jobs,  health  and  safety  programs,  live  work,  and  pupil 
planning.  Many  instances  of  achievement  could  be  cited  in  each 
of  these  areas.  One  of  the  most  outstanding  projects  was  the 
"Hagerstown  House," — a  school  project  in  which  all  departments 
co-operated.  The  trade  training  included  in  this  project  covered 
carpentry,  cabinet  work,  electrical  work,  bricklaying,  cement  finish- 
ing, plastering,  painting  and  decorating,  and  many  other  related 
experiences.  The  agricultural  department  had  charge  of  land- 
scaping and  planting,  and  the  home  economics  department  rec- 
ommended types  of  appliances  and  took  charge  of  the  interior  dec- 
orating. 

Diversified  Occupations 

The  pupils  enrolled  in  this  program  have  taken  part  in  many 
kinds  of  occupations  for  purposes  of  receiving  training.  The 
teacher-co-ordinator,  parents,  employer,  civic  and  governmental 
groups  have  worked  together  with  this  program  to  improve  educa- 
tion in  general.  This  program  has  extended  beyond  the  school  it- 
self and  has  recognized  and  used  the  community  as  a  laboratory 
for  instruction  and  experimentation.  The  pupil's  time  has  been 
divided  between  school  and  a  part-time  job.  The  in-school  schedule 
has  included  a  balanced  combination  of  subjects  required  for  gradua- 
tion and  subjects  directly  related  to  his  or  her  job  activities.  The 
performance  and  progress  on  the  job  have  been  supervised  by  the 
employer  in  co-operation  with  the  school  teacher-co-ordinator. 
This  program  has  greatly  reduced  the  number  of  drop-outs  by  pro- 


Maryland  State  Department  of  Education  59 

viding  a  type  of  education  "tailored"  to  the  interests  and  wants  of 
the  pupil.  As  a  general  rule  students  have  gone  into  business  or 
industry  immediately  upon  completion  of  their  high  school  work 
without  any  further  formal  study.  The  program  has  achieved 
very  satisfactory  results  and  is  growing. 

Industrial  Arts 

The  increasing  complexity  of  our  industrial  economy  and  the 
increasing  amount  of  mechanization  encountered  in  almost  every 
phase  of  daily  living  makes  it  essential  that  industrial  arts  experi- 
ences be  regarded  as  basic  and  fundamental  for  all  youth.  In  this 
area,  planned  experiences  have  been  centered  around  the  study  and 
use  of  tools,  machines,  materials,  and  processes  through  which  man 
has  adapted  the  physical  world  to  serve  his  needs. 

Special  emphasis  and  attention  was  given  in  grades  7,  8,  and  9 
to  help  pupils  discover  their  aptitudes,  interests,  and  abilities.  A 
wide  range  of  industrial  arts  experiences  have  been  provided  for 
each  youth  in  order  to  develop  a  broader  understanding  of  oppor- 
tunities and  requirements  for  industrial  employment,  and  to  explore 
individual  interests  and  aptitudes.  These  experiences  have  assisted 
the  pupil  in  making  more  intelligent  educational  and  occupational 
choices. 

During  the  year  1954-55  a  number  of  school-community  enter- 
prises have  been  organized,  such  as  school-planning  groups,  curri- 
culum committees,  teacher  workshops,  and  business-labor-education 
programs.  Outstanding  among  these  was  the  workshop  and  the 
development  of  an  Industrial  Arts  Bulletin. 

County  curriculum  groups  have  produced  supplementary 
bulletins  dealing  with  local  programs. 

Television  programs  have  been  used  to  show  industrial  arts 
programs  in  operation. 

There  have  been  exhibits  of  pupils'  work  at  county  fairs,  school 
functions,  State  and  county  association  meetings. 

In  the  senior  high  schools,  pupils  have  progressed  to  an  age 
where  they  are  interested  in  and  need  experiences  identified  with 
advanced  work.  A  high  degree  of  accuracy  and  effective  use  of  fine 
measurements  are  stimulated  by  a  desire  to  delve  into  areas  of 
special  interest  and,  in  many  instances,  the  pupil  has  been  permitted 
to  pursue  this  interest  to  a  point  of  specialization.  Real  progress 
has  been  evidenced  in  this  area. 

Considerable  emphasis  was  given  to  the  development  of  con- 
sumer intelligence  as  it  may  apply  to  recognition  of  good  workman- 
ship, finishes,  materials,  and  functional  value  of  the  product. 

Industrial  Arts  education  included  those  planned  experiences 
which  are  centered  around  the  study  and  use  of  tools,  machines, 
materials,   and   processes   through   which   man   has   adapted   the 


60  Eighty-Ninth  Annual  Report 

physical  world  to  serve  his  needs.     These  experiences  are  a  planned 
and  co-ordinated  part  of  the  total  educational  program. 

Adult  Education 

There  has  been  a  rapidly  increasing  demand  for  adult  education 
courses.  A  tremendous  growth  has  been  evidenced  in  this  area 
but  limited  funds  has  checked  the  growth  to  some  extent.  The 
types  of  courses  offered  have  been  limited  to  subject  area  fields  which 
are  not  reimbursable  from  Federal  funds  and  the  predominant  types 
of  courses  dealt  with  commercial  work,  high  school  equivalence  ex- 
amination preparation,  and  vocational  subjects. 

Educational  Services  to  Industry 
One  of  the  major  activities  of  this  service  during  the  year 
1954-55  has  been  in  the  apprenticeship  area.  Assistance  has  been 
given  by  the  State  Supervisor  in  setting  up  apprenticeship  programs 
in  establishments  requesting  approval  to  train  veteran  apprentices 
under  the  G.  I.  Bill.  These  veterans  have  been  supervised  by  the 
State  Supervisor  on  the  job  as  well  as  in  the  field  of  related  instruc- 
tion. 

In  the  larger  industrial  areas  such  as  Baltimore,  Cumberland, 
and  Hagerstown,  evening  classes  were  held  for  the  major  trades  in 
such  subjects  as  mathematics,  science,  blueprint  reading,  and  other 
technical  subjects. 

There  has  been  a  marked  growth  in  the  number  of  individuals 
attending  evening  classes  in  basic,  intermediate,  or  advanced  elec- 
tronics. 

Another  major  achievement  in  the  area  of  educational  services 
to  industry  is  that  of  foreman  or  supervisory  training  and  develop- 
ment. Programs  were  developed  for  in-plant  and  out-of-plant 
training.  The  in-plant  training  programs  were  designed  to  meet 
specific  company  needs.  The  out-of-plant  evening  supervisory 
management  courses  were  more  standardized  and  included  indus- 
trial safety,  job  instructor  training,  job  relations  training,  job 
methods,  and  conference  leadership.  Twenty- three  classes  were 
organized  in  this  area,  with  a  total  enrollment  of  422. 

Of  specific  importance  in  this  area  of  supervision  has  been  the 
Nurse's  Aide  Instructor  Training  Program,  developed  for  the 
American  Hospital  Association  and  the  National  League  for  Nursing. 
These  programs  have  been  very  well  received  and  the  accomplish- 
ments have  been  noteworthy. 

Still  another  program  of  specific  interest  to  school  adminis- 
trators was  developed,  that  of  custodial  training.  Training  ma- 
terials and  techniques  were  developed  by  the  State  Department  of 
Education,  in  co-operation  with  county  building  operations  super- 
visors at  the  Towson  Workshop.  The  State  Supervisor  for  this 
area  was  called  upon  to  assist  in  developing  programs  and  training 
of  instructors  for  this  very  important  phase  of  school  building  opera- 
tion. 


Maryland  State  Department  of  Education  61 

School  Lunch  Program 
Growth  in  this  program  has  been  evidenced  in  the  following 
areas: 

Stability  of  personnel — although  employees  come  into  the 
program,  due  to  expansion  of  program  and  replacements,  many  pro- 
grams had  little  change  in  personnel.  It  is  estimated  that  approxi- 
mately 1,700  people  were  employed  either  on  a  full-  or  part-time 
basis   during   1954-55. 

Increased  supervision — counties  provided  more  supervision  for 
this  program.  There  were  School  Lunch  supervisors  in  12  counties 
and  Baltimore  City. 

In-service  training  programs — these  were  planned  for  em- 
ployees at  both  State  and  local  levels  and  proved  to  be  very  helpful. 

Professional  organizations — growth  in  local  interest  in  this  pro- 
gram led  to  the  formation  of  The  Maryland  School  Food  Service 
Association,  the  membership  of  which  includes  school  lunch  per- 
sonnel. The  first  State  meeting  of  this  organization  was  held  in  the 
fall  of  1954  and  348  individuals  were  listed  as  members. 

Increased  facilities  and  services — a  remarkable  improvement 
in  both  facilities  and  services  has  been  evidenced,  both  in  new  build- 
ings and  in  the  renovation  of  existing  buildings.  This  has  meant 
that  more  schools  were  able  to  participate  in  the  program,  as  well 
as  serve  a  complete  lunch  for  the  children. 

Educational  growth — has  been  noted  through  better  under- 
standing of  the  intent  and  purposes,  the  nutritional  value  to  chil- 
dren, and  acceptance  of  the  program  as  part  of  the  total  educational 
experience  for  the  child. 

Detailed  breakdowns  showing  the  growth  of  the  program  from 
its  inception  in  1946  to  the  present  time  are  shown  in  TABLES 
116  and  117,  on  pages  178  and  179. 

Special  School  Milk  Program 

This  program  was  developed  by  the  United  States  Department 
of  Agriculture  for  the  years  1954-55  and  1955-56,  and  provided 
$50,000,000  annually  of  funds  of  the  Commodity  Credit  Corporation 
to  increase  consumption  of  fluid  milk  by  children  in  nonprofit 
schools  of  high  school  grade  and  under. 

This  program  has  been  administered  through  the  State  Depart- 
ment of  Education  and  has  included  714  schools,  or  76  per  cent  of 
the  938  schools  in  the  State. 

In  summarizing  both  the  School  Lunch  and  Special  School 
Milk  Programs,  785  schools  were  approved  for  participation  in  these 
two  programs  during  the  year  1954-55. 

Institutional-On-Farm  Training  Program 

During  the  year,  21  counties  trained  194  veterans  in  the  In- 
stitutional-On-Farm Training  Program.     The  net  income  from  the 


62  Eighty-Ninth  Annual  Report 

farms  for  this  period  exceeded  $287,000.00.  At  present,  82.5  per 
cent  of  these  veterans  are  now  operating  farms,  11  per  cent  work  on 
farms  and  6.5  per  cent  have  gone  into  industry  or  private  business. 

The  objective  of  this  program  is  to  teach  enrollees  how  to  hve 
as  well  as  how  to  make  a  living  on  a  farm.  The  program  has  shown 
real   progress   and   has   been   very   successful. 

It  has  been  the  purpose  of  the  program  to  provide  the  best  pos- 
sible training  to  each  veteran  showing  a  sincere  desire  to  become 
established  in  a  farm  business  or  have  control  of  a  farm  or  portion 
of  a  farm  sufficiently  adequate  to  provide  a  reasonable  income  to 
the  veteran  and  his  family. 

The  following  areas  have  been  covered  in  this  program: 

1.  Instruction  in  planning  and  carrying  out  a  well-balanced  farm  pro- 
gram of  sufficient  size  to  provide  full-time  employment  and  insure  a 
satisfactory  income 

2.  Development  of  skills  and  abilities  to  increase  managerial  efficiency 
of  veteran  farm  trainees 

3.  Development  of  soil  conservation  program  to  increase  productivity 
of  soil 

4.  Development  of  practices  to  improve  livestock  and  crop  production 
on  farm 

5.  Development  of  economical  program  of  improvement  of  farm 
homes,   buildings,   machinery,   and   equipment 

6.  Production  and  conservation  of  food  needed  by  farm  family 

7.  Familiarizing  enrollees  with  various  agricultural  agencies  and 
services  available  to  farmers  within  a  community. 

Apprenticeship  and  On-the-Job  Training 

During  the  year  1954-55  certificates  of  approval  for  the  training 
of  veterans  were  issued  to  321  business  establishments,  covering 
many  varied  job  classifications.  This  increased  the  number  of 
approved  establishments  to  1,109  for  the  training  of  veterans. 

All  establishments  were  visited  by  the  State  Supervisor  periodi- 
cally for  the  purpose  of  assisting  employers  in  setting  up  programs 
and  supervising  the  trainees  on  the  job.  Attention  was  also  given 
to  discrepancies  in  training,  as  outlined  by  the  Veterans  Adminis- 
tration. 

This  program  has  been  a  very  helpful  one,  to  veterans  and  em- 
ployers alike. 


Maryland  State  Department  of  Education  63 

DIVISION  OF  VOCATIONAL  REHABILITATION 

The  work  of  the  Division  of  Vocational  Rehabilitation  during 
the  fiscal  year  1955  was  highlighted  by  four  significant  events:  the 
rehabilitation  of  the  ten  thousandth  disabled  person,  the  establish- 
ment of  the  Disability  Determinations  Program,  the  writing  of  the 
new  State  Plan  in  conformance  with  Public  Law  565,  and  the 
National   Rehabilitation   Association   Convention   in   Baltimore. 

The  Division's  ten  thousandth  rehabilitated  person  typifies 
the  hoped-for  achievements  of  the  many  thousands  of  potentially 
employable  disabled  people  in  the  State  of  Maryland.  Permanently 
injured  in  an  automobile  accident,  he,  like  all  other  disabled  indi- 
viduals, looked  to  the  future  with  doubt  and  dismay.  He  could 
never  return  to  his  job  as  brakeman  on  a  railroad;  and  how  would 
he  support  his  wife  and  two  children?  But  the  services  of  vocational 
rehabilitation  opened  to  him,  as  to  others,  the  chance  for  a  new  life 
in  a  job  where  he  would  not  be  handicapped  and  where  he  could 
earn  enough  to  re-establish  his  family  in  a  comfortable  home. 

The  completion  of  a  rehabilitation  program  was  important  not 
alone  to  this  client  but  to  ten  thousand  more  who  had  not  completed 
their  programs  and  ten  thousand  others  who  would  hear  of  rehabilita- 
tion for  themselves  and  their  neighbors  in  the  future. 

Maryland  had  rehabilitated  10,389  disabled  persons  from  the 
beginning  of  its  program  in  September,  1929,  up  to  the  close  of  the 
year  on  June  30,  1955. 

Despite  the  growing  number  of  public  and  private  facilities 
available  to  the  disabled,  the  problem  of  reaching  all  of  them  with 
adequate  vocational  rehabilitation  services  continues  to  present  a 
challenge  to  the  Division  of  Vocational  Rehabilitation. 

The  quality  of  professional  knowledge  and  skill  in  rehabilitating 
over  10,000  persons  has  improved  and  developed  tremendously  in 
helping  to  meet  the  problems  of  preparing  disabled  persons  for  full- 
time  employment  in  the  competitive  labor  market.  The  successful 
employment  of  that  many  disabled  persons  has  demonstrated  to 
almost  as  many  employers  that  handicapped  persons  are  just  as 
efficient,  reliable,  stable,  careful,  and  versatile  as  normal  workers. 
That  small  army  of  successful  handicapped  workers  has  dramati- 
cally shown  thousands  of  other  disabled  workers  what  they  can  do. 
These  more  than  10,000  rehabilitated  persons  in  Maryland  have 
earned  in  wages  over  $100,000,000.  On  the  basis  of  those  re- 
habilitated between  1929  and  1945,  their  first  ten  years  of  earnings 
totaled  more  than  $27,000,000.00.  Those  rehabilitated  in  the  last 
ten  years,  at  an  annual  rate  of  income  at  time  of  rehabilitation,  have 
earned  more  than  $75,000,000.00. 

The  readiness,  availability,  and  adequacy  of  services  for  the 
disabled  accomplished  through  ten  thousand  rehabilitations  con- 
tribute immeasurably  to  the  solution  of  the  problem  of  increasing 
disability  among  our  population. 


64  Eighty-Ninth  Annual  Report 

In  keeping  with  an  amendment  to  the  Social  Security  Act, 
passed  by  Congress  in  1954,  Governor  Theodore  R.  McKeldin  des- 
ignated the  Division  of  Vocational  Rehabilitation  as  the  agency  in 
the  State  to  make  Disability  Determinations  for  the  Bureau  of  Old- 
Age  and  Survivors  Insurance.  The  creation  of  this  program  within 
the  Division  will  not  only  preserve  to  the  disabled  sound  determi- 
nation for  added  Old-Age  and  Survivors  benefits  but  will  give  to 
all  handicapped  citizens  more  direct  and  immediate  access  toXthe 
vocational  rehabilitation  service.  A  separate  unit  of  the  Division 
was  established  by  the  State  Board  of  Education  to  handle  this  new 
phase  of  its  program.  It  consists  of  one  counselor,  three  junior 
counselors  and  one  Medical  Consultant.  It  was  logical  to  place  this 
specialized  program  in  the  Division  of  Vocational  Rehabilitation. 
Operation  of  the  Disability  Determinations  Program  requires  techni- 
cal knowledge  of  the  effect  of  physical  and  mental  impairment  on  a 
person's  ability  to  engage  in  gainful  activity.  It  requires  the  secur- 
ing of  proper  and  adequate  medical  reports  from  physicians,  special- 
ists, and  hospitals  who  have  treated  OASI  applicants;  it  necessitates 
the  making  of  contacts  with  employers  and  former  associates  of  the 
disabled;  it  demands  the  use  of  personnel  thoroughly  trained  in  all 
phases  of  vocational  rehabilitation.  The  experience  of  counselors  in 
this  Division  in  reading  medical  reports  and  interpreting  medical 
terminology  and  language  gives  them  insight  into  medical  data 
used  in  determining  the  effects  of  disabilities. 

The  Disability  Determinations  Program  also  presents  an  im- 
mediate source  of  referral  of  disabled  persons  to  rehabilitation 
service.  Every  applicant  for  the  disability  freeze  is  advised  of  the 
existence  of  vocational  rehabilitation  service  and  is  given  a  brochure 
of  information  concerning  it.  If  the  person  is  interested,  he  may 
apply  for  the  service.  Many  of  them  in  the  employable  age  groups 
are  potential    rehabilitants. 

The  State  Board  of  Education  adopted  a  new  plan  for  the  opera- 
tion of  its  vocational  rehabilitation  services  in  conformity  with 
Public  Law  565,  enacted  by  the  83rd  Congress  in  1954.  The  new 
plan  permits  the  provision  of  additional  needed  services  for  re- 
habilitating the  disabled  and  establishes  the  allocation  of  Federal 
funds  on  a  more  equitable  basis. 

The  new  State  Plan  required  for  participation  in  the  Federal 
Grants-In-Aid  Program  for  Vocational  Rehabilitation  enables  the 
division  to  provide  and  extend  increasingly  essential  services  in  a 
number  of  ways: 

A.  By  reorganizing  the  district  offices  along  more  functional  lines 

B.  By  enabling  counselors  to  secure  more  essential  individual  reha- 
bilitation services 

C.  By  encouraging  greater  professional  development  through  oppor- 
tunities for  special  training  with  leaves  of  absence 

D.  By  developing  facilities  for  improving  public  relations 

E.  By  developing  more  objective  standards  for  determining  economic 
need 


Maryland  State  Department  of  Education  65 

The  new  Law  565  under  which  the  Plan  operates  changes  the 
provisions  for  Federal  allotments  of  money. 

A.  They  allot  money  on  the  basis  of  a  smaller  ratio  (52.39  Federal  to 
47.61  State)  but  the  appropriations  permit  a  larger  amount  of 
Federal  money. 

B.  They  make  for  less  limitation  on  the  use  of  Federal  money. 

C.  They  permit  the  encouragement  of  extending  special  rehabilitation 
facilities  by  state  vocational  rehabilitation  and  other  state  agencies, 
municipalities,  and  nonprofit  making  organizations. 

D.  They  allow  the  Employment  Service  to  set  up  special  facilities  in 
co-operation  with  the  Rehabilitation  Service,  to  secure  employment 
for  the  handicapped. 

The  1954  convention  of  the  National  Rehabilitation  Associa- 
tion which  met  in  Baltimore  on  October  24-28,  featured  some  of 
the  most  outstanding  programs  and  speakers  ever  presented  at  an 
NRA  meeting.  The  entire  Maryland  staff  participated  in  the 
organization  and  administration  of  the  convention.  The  Association 
presented  to  the  Director  of  the  Maryland  program  an  award  for 
his  work  as  moderator  of  the  nation's  first  and  only  sustaining  tele- 
vision show  dedicated  to  the  disabled.  The  registration  of  1,061 
delegates  included  workers  in  rehabilitation  from  every  section  of 
the  United  States,  Canada,  Puerto  Rico,  Alaska,  Hawaii,  and  the 
Virgin  Islands. 

The  value  of  the  Annual  National  Rehabilitation  Association 
Convention  to  Maryland  in  advancing  the  opportunities  of  re- 
habilitation are  difficult  to  evaluate,  but  certain  observations  would 
indicate  its  worth:  the  participation  on  the  program  of  outstanding 
doctors,  employers,  social  workers,  health  nurses,  and  representatives 
of  effective  community  agencies  attested  to  the  interest  of  profes- 
sional personnel  in  the  outcome  of  vocational  rehabilitation  serv- 
ices; the  programs  were  of  the  nature  to  push  out  the  frontiers  of 
special  services  for  the  handicapped  in  such  fields  as  co-ordination 
of  community  resources,  maximum  rehabilitation  of  the  severely 
handicapped  through  physical  restoration,  employment  of  the 
handicapped  and  rehabilitating  the  mentally  ill.  These  were 
pioneer  programs  designed  to  enlarge  the  vision  of  professional  peo- 
ple engaged  in  various  special  services  organized  to  serve  the  handi- 
capped. 

The  1,075  rehabilitations  last  year  exceeded  by  47  the  1,028 
for  1952;  the  4,626  persons  served  exceeded  by  274  the  4,352  for  1952; 
and  the  2,783  persons  referred  exceeded  by  180  the  2,603  referrals 
for  1951.  The  live  roll  was  6,667,  those  still  receiving  service  were 
2,634,  and  1,089  were  being  investigated  and  evaluated  for  service. 
The  salaries  earned  by  rehabilitated  persons  in  1955  was  at  the  rate  of 
$2,159,232.92  annually. 


66 


Eighty-Ninth  Annual  Report 


TABLE  1 — Actual  Days  Schools  Were  Open:     Opening  and  Closing  Dates: 
Maryland  Public  Schools :     Year  Ending  June  30,  1955 


County 

Number 
Actual  Days 

Schools 
Were  Open 

Date  of 

Opening 

Schools 

September, 

1954 

Date  of 

Closing 

Schools 

June, 

1955 

186 

183 
181 
185 
181 
181 

181 
183 
182 
181 
182 

182 
181 
185 
181 
180 

181 
181 
181 
183 
182 

182 
181 
183 

7 

7 
9 
7 
8 

7 

7 
9 
3 
8 
8 

8 
7 
7 
7 
7 

7 
9 
7 
1 
2 

7 
7 
7 

17 

10 

17 

Baltimore 

Calvert 

Caroline 

Carroll 

17 

10 

9 

10 

Cecil      ...     .               

15 

Charles    

8 

Dorchester 

Frederick 

10 
10 

10 

10 

17 

Kent      

10 

Montgomery 

13 

15 

10 

St.  Mary's           

16 

May  31 

Talbot 

10 

10 

3 

10 

Maryland  State  Department  of  Education 


67 


TABLE  2- 


-Number  Public  Schools  in  Session  Less  Than  180  Days; 
Maryland:     Year  Ending  June  30,  1955 


Counties  of 


Year 

Schools  in  Session  T.f.ss  Than  180  Days 

County 

Total              One-Teacher 
Number             Elementary 

Graded 
Elementary 

High 
School 

WHITE  SCHOOLS 


1954 
1955 

Baltimore 

Caroline 

Montgomery .  .  . 

Prince  George's . 


COLORED  SCHOOLS 


1954 

1955 

Prince  George's. 


a,  178;  b,  177;  c.  173;  d,  172. 

ReaaoDs:  Baltimore — construction  delay;  Caroline — power  failure;  Montgomery — construction  de- 
lay; and  Prince  George's — construction  delay  in  three  schools  and  heating  difficulties  in 
one  school. 


68 


Eighty-Ninth  Annual  Report 


TABLE  3— Fall  Enrollment,  Teaching  Staff,  Number  of  Schools :     Public  and  Nonpublic- 
by  Color :     State  of  Maryland :     Year  Ending  June  30,  1955 


Type  of  School 


Grand  Total 


Elementary 


Total        White      Colored      Total        White      Colored      Total        White      Colored 


Secondary 


ENROLLMENT 


Public  and  Nonpublic 

Total  State 

Baltimore  City 

Total  Counties* .... 

Public 

Total  State 

Baltimore  City 

Total  Counties* .  .  .  . 

Nonpublic 

Total  State 

Baltimore  City 

Total  Counties 


550,449 
187,963 
362,486 

321,770 

40,7i6 

374,201 
134,067 
240,134 

214,348 

25,786 

176,248 

53,896 

122,352 

i07,422 

455,555 
143,688 
311,867 

271,984 

39,883 

293,958 
97,595 
196,363 

171,368 

24,995 

161,597 
46,093 
115,504 

100,616 

94,894 
44,275 
50,619 

92,426 
42,640 
49,786 

2,468 

1,635 

833 

80,243 
36,472 
43,771 

78.022 
35,042 
42,980 

2,221 

1,430 

791 

14,651 
7,803 
6,848 

14,404 
7,598 
6,806 

14,930 


247 

205 

42 


TEACHING  STAFF 


Public  and  Nonpublic 

Total  State 

Baltimore  City 

Total  Counties*.  .  .  . 

Public 

Total  State 

Baltimore  City 

Total  Counties* .  .  .  . 

Nonpublic 

Total  State 

Baltimore  City 

Total  Counties 


20,166 

6,444 

13,722 

16,848 

4,965 

11,883 

3,318 

1,479 
1,839 

12,204 

10,387 

3,229 
1,412 
1,817 

'  1,518 

'  1,496 

89 
67 
22 

9,600 
2,912 
6,688 

'  '5,879 

"869 

7,248 
2,053 
5,195 

'  4,508 

687 


NUMBER  OF  SCHOOLS 


Public  and  Nonpublic 

Total  State 

Baltimore  City 

Total  Counties* .... 

Public 

Total  State 

Baltimore  City 

Total  Counties* .  .  .  . 

Nonpublic 

Total  State 

Baltimore  City 

Total  Counties 


tl,314 

t279 

tl,035 

t856 

ti79 

1,145 
244 
901 

"739 

■ " ■ i62 

292 

57 

235 

'■■261 

t942 

n64 

t778 

teoi 

ti74 

796 
134 
662 

'565 

"  i57 

221 

38 

183 

■ ■ ■ iso 

t372 
tllo 
t257 

t356 
tl04 
t252 

tl6 

til 

t5 

349 
110 
239 

334 
100 
234 

15 

10 

5 

71 
19 
52 

68 
17 
51 

34 


33 


For  basic  data  see  TABLES  19,  20,  21,  I,  V,  and  X. 

*  Includes  enrollment,  teaching  staff,  and  number  of  elementary  schools  at  State  Teachers  Colleges. 

t  Excludes  duplicates. 

Note:     Break-down  for  Baltimore  City  not  available. 


Maryland  State  Department  of  Education 


69 


TABLE  4 — Number  of  Different  Pupils  in  Public  and  Nonpublic  Schools:  State  of  Maryland; 

1946-1955 


Year 

Total 

PUBLICt 

^fONPUBLIC 

Ending 
Junk  30 

Total 
State 

Baltimore 
City 

Total 
Counties 

Total 
State 

Baltimore 
City 

Total 
Coxinties* 

Total 

State 

Baltimore 
City 

ToUl 
Counties 

GRAND  TOTAL 


1946 

356,895 

150,055 

206,840 

297,590 

112,551 

185,039 

59,305 

37,504 

21,801 

1947 

363,103 

150,943 

212,160 

301,173 

113,149 

188,024 

61,930 

37,794 

24,136 

1948 

375,391 

154,450 

220,941 

310,149 

115,725 

194,424 

65,242 

38,725 

26,517 

1949 

390,867 

156,704 

234,163 

323,403 

117,476 

205,927 

67,464 

39,228 

28,236 

1950 

413,731 

161,075 

252,656 

343,923 

121,365 

222,558 

69,808 

39,710 

30,098 

1951 

441,005 

165,136 

275,869 

367,532 

124,948 

242,584 

73,473 

40,188 

33,285 

1952 

464,240 

169,320 

294,920 

386,724 

128,682 

258,042 

77,516 

40,638 

36,878 

1953 

495,543 

177,329 

318,214 

414,183 

135,935 

278,248 

81,360 

41,394 

39,966 

1954 

529,429 

184,753 

344,676 

443,338 

141,880 

301,458 

86,091 

42,873 

43,218 

1955 

566,900 

192,446 

374,454 

472,006 

148,171 

323,835 

94,894 

44,275 

50,619 

TOTAL  ELEMENTARY 


1946 

1947 

250,226 
251,821 
261,225 
273,038 
287,879 
302,040 
317,556 
339,728 
364,451 
386,103 

108,823 
108,906 
111,486 
113,904 
116,996 
119,056 
121,662 
127,812 
133,057 
137,032 

141,403 
142,915 
149,739 
159,134 
170,883 
182,984 
195,894 
211,916 
231,394 
249,071 

202,482 
201,803 
208,505 
218,173 
230,315 
241,106 
253,061 
271,745 
291,890 
305,860 

78,168 
77,725 
80,069 
81,872 
84,401 
86,019 
88.381 
93,697 
97,771 
100,560 

124,314 

124,078 
128,436 
136,301 
145,914 
155,087 
164,680 
178,048 
194,119 
205,300 

47,744 
50,018 
52,720 
54,865 
57,564 
60,934 
64,495 
67,983 
72,561 
80,243 

30,655 
31,181 
31,417 
32,032 
32.595 
33,037 
33,281 
34,115 
35,286 
36.472 

17,089 
18,837 

1948 

1949 

1950  

21,303 
22,833 
24,969 

1951 

1952 

1953 

1954 

1955 

27,897 
31,214 
33,868 
37,275 
43,771 

TOTAL  HIGH 


1946 

106,669 

41,232 

65,437 

95,108 

34.383 

60,725 

11,561 

6,849 

4,712 

1947 

111,282 

42,037 

69,245 

99,370 

35,424 

63,946 

11,912 

6,613 

5,299 

1948 

114,166 

42,964 

71,202 

101,644 

35,656 

65,988 

12,522 

7,308 

5,214 

1949 

117,829 

42,800 

75,029 

105,230 

35.604 

69,626 

12,599 

7,196 

5.403 

1950 

125,852 

44,079 

81,773 

113.608 

36.964 

76,644 

12,244 

7,115 

5.129 

1951 

138,965 

46,080 

92,885 

126,426 

38,929 

87,497 

12,539 

7,151 

5,388 

1952 

146,684 

47,658 

99,026 

133,663 

40,301 

93,362 

13,021 

7,357 

5,664 

1953 

155,815 

49,517 

106,298 

142,438 

42,238 

100,200 

13,377 

7,279 

6,098 

1954 

164,978 

51,696 

113,282 

151,448 

44,109 

107,339 

13,530 

7.587 

5,943 

1955 

180,797 

55,414 

125,383 

166,146 

47.611 

118,535 

14,651 

7.803 

6,843 

*  Includes  pupils  in  elementary  schools  of  State  Teachers  Colleges. 

t  Excludes  duplicates  among  counties  and  Baltimore  City  in  public  schools. 

For  detail,  see  TABLES  II,  III,  and  IV. 


70 


Eighty-Ninth  Annual  Report 


TABLE  5 


-Number  of  Different  Pupils  in  Public  and  Nonpublic  Schools  by  Color :  State 
of    Maryland:     1946-1955 


Year 

Total 

PUBLICt 

Nonpublic 

Ending 

JUNB  30 

Total 
State 

Baltimore 
City 

Total 
Counties 

Total 
State 

Baltimore 
City 

Total 
Counties* 

Total 
State 

Baltimore 

City 

Total 
Counties 

TOTAL  WHITE 

1946 

1947     

290,037 
293,926 
303,912 
317,344 
336,196 
360,258 
380,415 
406,893 
435,126 

113,021 
112,648 
114,688 
116,220 
118,071 
120,646 
122,658 
127,265 
130,266 

177,016 
181,278 
189,224 
201,124 
218,125 
239,612 
257,757 
279,628 
304,860 
332,842 

232,959 
234,463 

241,251 
252,463 
269,070 
289,473 
305,650 
328,176 
351,710 

77,086 
76,471 
77,702 
78,762 
80,140 
82,165 
83,695 
87,558 
89,125 

155,873 
157,992 
163,549 
173,701 
188,930 
207,308 
221,955 
240,618 
262,585 
283,056 

57,078 
59,463 
62,661 
64,881 
67,126 
70,785 
74.765 
78,717 
83,416 
92,426 

35,935 
36,177 
36,986 
37,458 
37,931 
38,481 
38,963 
39,707 
41,141 
42,640 

21,143 
23,286 

1948              

25,675 

1949 

1950 

27,423 
29,195 

1951              

32,304 

1952      

35,802 

1953 

39,010 

1954          

42,275 

1955     

49,786 

WI 

IITE  ELE 

MENTAR 

Y 

1946    

198,358 
199,229 
207,227 
217,916 
230,659 
243,916 
258,213 
278,025 
299,004 

79,779 
79,458 
80,947 
82,871 
84,335 
85,689 
87,176 
91,270 
93,314 

118,579 
119,771 
126,280 
135,045 
146,324 
158,227 
171,037 
186,755 
205,690 
222,522 

152,630 
151,491 
156,863 
165,402 
175,502 
185,451 
196,258 
212,451 
228,890 

50,482 
49,707 
51,073 
52,406 
53,280 
54,171 
55,392 
58,644 
59,569 

102,148 
101,784 
105,790 
112,996 
122,222 
131,280 
140,866 
153,807 
169,321 
179,542 

45,728 
47,738 
50,364 
52,514 
55,157 
58,465 
61,955 
65,574 
70,114 
78,022 

29,297 
29,751 
29,874 
30,465 
31,055 
31,518 
31,784 
32,626 
33,745 
35,042 

16,431 

1947 

1948 

1949 

1950 

1951 

1952 

1953 

1954      

17,987 
20,490 
22,049 
24,102 
26,947 
30,171 
32,948 
36,369 

1955 

42,980 

WHITl 

:  HIGH 

1946 

1947 

1948 

1949 

1950 

1951 

1952 

1953 

1954 

1955 

91,679 

94,697 

96,685 

99,428 

105,637 

116,342 

122,202 

128,868 

136,122 

33,242 
33,190 
33,741 
33,349 
33,736 
34,957 
35,482 
35,995 
36,952 

58,437 
61,507 
62,944 
66,079 
71,801 
81,385 
86,720 
92,873  ■ 
99,170 
110,320 

80,329 

82,972 

84,388 

87,061 

93,568 

104,022 

109,392 

115,725 

122,820 

26,604 
26,764 
26,629 
26,356 
26,860 
27,994 
28,303 
28,914 
29,556 

53,725 
56,208 
57,759 
60,705 
66,708 
76,028 
81,089 
86,811 
93,264 
103,514 

11,350 
11,725 
12,297 
12,367 
11,969 
12,320 
12,810 
13,143 
13,302 
14,404 

6,638 
6,426 
7,112 
6,993 
6,876 
6,963 
7,179 
7,081 
7,396 
7,598 

4,712 
5,299 
5,185 
5,374 
5,093 
5,357 
5,631 
6,062 
5,906 
6,806 

♦  Includes  pupils  in  elementary  schools  of  State  Teachers  Colleges, 
t  Excludes  duplicates  among  counties  and  Baltimore  City  in  public  schools. 
Note:     Break-down  for  Baltimore  City  not  available  for  1954-55. 


1 


Maryland  State  Department  of  Education 


71 


TABLE  6 — Number  of  Different  Pupils  in  Public  and  Nonpublic  Schools  by  Color : 

of  Maryland:     1946-1955 


State 


Year 

Total 

PUBUCt 

Nonpublic 

Ending 
June  30 

Total 
State 

Baltimore 

City 

Total 
Counties 

Total 
State 

Baltimore      Total 
City        Counties* 

Total 

State 

Baltimore 
City 

Total 
Counties 

TOTAL  COLORED 


1946 

1947 

1948 

1949 

66,858 
69,177 
71,479 
73,523 
77,535 
80,747 
83,825 
88,650 
94,303 

37,034 
38,295 
39,762 
40,484 
43,004 
44,490 
46,662 
50,064 
54,487 

29,824 
30,882 
31,717 
33,039 
34,531 
36,257 
37,163 
38,586 
39,816 
41,612 

64,631 
66,710 
68,898 
70,940 
74,853 
78,059 
81,074 
86,007 
91,628 

35,465 
36,678 
38,023 
38,714 
41,225 
42,783 
44,987 
48,377 
52,755 

29,166 
30,032 
30,875 
32,226 
33,628 
35,276 
36,087 
37,630 
38,873 
40,779 

2,227 
2,467 
2,581 
2,583 
2,682 
2,688 
2,751 
2,643 
2,675 
2,468 

1,569 
1,617 
1,739 
1,770 
1,779 
1.707 
1.675 
1,687 
1.732 
1,635 

658 
850 

842 
813 

1950 

1951 

903 
981 

1952 

1953 

1954 

1,076 
956 
943 

1955 

833 

COLORED  ELEMENTARY 


1946 

1947 

51,868 
52,592 
53,998 
55,122 
57,220 
58,124 
59,343 
61,703 
65.447 

29,044 
29,448 
30,539 
31,033 
32,661 
33,367 
34,486 
36,542 
39,743 

22,824 
23,144 
23,459 
24,089 
24,559 
24,757 
24,857 
25,161 
25,704 
26.549 

49,852 
50,312 
51,642 
52,771 
54,813 
55,655 
56,803 
59,294 
63,000 

27,686 
28,018 
28,996 
29,466 
31,121 
31,848 
32,989 
35,053 
38,202 

22,166 
22,294 
22,646 
23,305 
23,692 
23,807 
23.814 
24.241 
24,798 
25.758 

2.016 
2,280 
2,356 
2,351 
2,407 
2,469 
2,540 
2,409 
2,447 
2,221 

1,358 
1,430 
1,543 
1,567 
1,540 
1,519 
1,497 
1,489 
1,541 
1,430 

658 
850 

1948 

1949 

813 

784 

1950 

1951 

867 
950 

1952 

1,043 

1953 

920 

1954 

906 

1955 

791 

COLORED  HIGH 


1946 

14,990 
16.585 
17,481 
18,401 
20,315 
22,623 
24,482 
26,947 
28,856 

7,990 

8,847 

9,223 

9,451 

10,343 

11,123 

12.176 

13,522 

14,744 

■7,000 

7,738 

8,258 

8,950 

9,972 

11,500 

12,306 

13,425 

14,112 

15,063 

14,779 
16,398 
17,256 
18,169 
20.040 
22.404 
24.271 
26.713 
28,628 

7,779 

8,660 

9,027 

9,248 

10,104 

10,935 

11,998 

13,324 

14,553 

7,000 

7,738 

8,229 

8,921 

9,936 

11.469 

12,273 

13,389 

14.075 

15,021 

211 
187 
225 
232 
275 
219 
211 
234 
228 
247 

211 
187 
196 
203 
239 
188 
178 
198 
191 
205 

1947 

1948 

29 

1949 

29 

1950 

86 

1951 

31 

1952 

33 

1953 

36 

1954 

37 

1955 

42 

♦  Includes  pupils  in  elementary  schools  of  State  Teachers  Colleges. 

t  Excludes  duplicates  among  counties  and  Baltimore  City  in  public  schools. 

Note:     Break-down  for  Baltimore  City  not  available  for  1954-55. 


72 


Eighty-Ninth  Annual  Report 


TABLE  7 

Program  for  Education  of  Handicapped  Children  in  Maryland  Financed  with  State  Funds; 

Year  Ending  June  30,  1955 


I 


Total 

Home  and  Hospital 
Instruction 

Instruction  In  Special 
Schools 

County 

Pupils 

Ex- 
penditures 

Pupils 

Teachers 

Ex- 
penditures 

Pupils 

Ex- 
penditures 

Total  State                .... 

2,216 

1,225 

991 

48 

102 

279 

7 

7 

22 
20 
13 
18 
19 

13 

62 

17 

4 

134 

136 
7 

11 
5 

11 

24 
22 
10 

*$541,813.99 

*355,288.14 

*186,525.85 

3,262.24 

12,496.12 

*84,755.19 

234.22 

582.52 

3,648.07 

1,986.90 

922.51 

985.89 

2,164.64 

159.09 
2,981.05 
2,342.06 

309.78 
34,884.85 

24,461.20 

1,083.48 

1,062.89 

598.46 

1,133.29 

3,449.09 

2,558.05 

464.26 

tn  ,291 

541 

tt750 

48 
t90 
148 

7 

7 

18 
19 
13 
18 
18 

13 
60 
14 

4 
84 

no6 

6 
11 

5 
10 

21 

+20 

10 

306 

20 

286 

15 

28 

46 

3 

4 

7 

11 

5 

2 

10 

3 
33 

7 

3 

33 

40 
4 
1 
4 
6 

2 

10 

9 

$86,194.46 

34,656.47 

51,537.99 

3,262.24 

5,571.12 

10,973.66 

234.22 

582.52 

1,548.07 

1,386.90 

922.51 

985.89 

1,. 564.64 

159.09 

1,781.05 

542.06 

309.78 

7,229.85 

8,034.87 
483.48 

1,062.89 
598.46 
533.29 

1,949.09 

1,358.05 

464.26 

925 
684 
241 

12 
131 

4 

1 

i 

2 
3 

50 

30 

1 

i 

3 
2 

$451,813.99 

Baltimore  City 

Total  Counties 

318,067.14 
133,74JS.85 

Anne  Arundel 

6,925.00 
72,540.52 

Calvert        

Carroll        

2,100.00 

Cecil        

600.00 

Charles 

60n  00 

Harford    

1,200.00 

1,800.00 

Kent 

Montgomery 

Prince  George's 

Queen  Anne's 

27,655.00 

16,426.33 
600.00 

Talbot 

600  00 

Washington 

1,500.00 
1,200.00 

Worcester 

*  This  includes  $3,805.54  for  transportation  of  24  handicapped  children  to  regular  day  school  as  follows: 
Baltimore  City:     $2,564.53   for   6   pupils;   Baltimore   County:     $1,241.01   for   18   pupils. 
Similar  expenditures  in  equalization  counties  are  included  in  the  minimum  program. 

t  Includes  7  pupils  receiving  instruction  through  a  school-to-home  telephone  system  as  follows: 
Anne  Arundel,  1;  Prince  George's,  3;  Wicomico,  3. 

X  Includes  192  county  children  in  Baltimore  City  hospital  schools. 

Note:     These  pupils  are  in  addition  to  those  reported  in  special  classes  in  TABLES  19,  20,  and  21. 


i 


Maryland  State  Department  of  Education 


73 


TABLE  8 
Special  Classes  and  Schools :     Baltimore  City :     Semester  Ending  June  30, 1955 


Kind  of  Class  or  School 


Number  of 
Classes 


Net  RoU 


Average 
Net  Roll 


Per  Cent  of 
Attendance 


PHYSICALLY  HANDICAPPED  PUPILS 


32 
4 
5 
4 

10 
6 
3 

473 
51 
46 
50 
187 
102 
37 

470 
51 
46 
51 
185 
101 
36 

88.5 

84.5 

Deaf. 

83.5 
91.0 

88.0 

Sight  Conservation 

Mixed* 

89.7 
94.0 

MENTALLY  HANDICAPPED  PUPILS 


Total  and  Average 
Opportunity .  . 
Shop  Center  . 
Special  Center 


190 

106 

79 

5 


3,806 

2,096 

1,637 

73 


3,820 

2,092 

1,657 

71 


81.8 
84.7 
75.7 
85  1 


SOCIALLY  HANDICAPPED  PUPILS 

Total  and  Average 

7 
3 
4 

102 
44 
58 

101 

44 
57 

73.0 

75.1 

70.8 

TRAINABLE  PUPILS 

Schools  No.  51,  176,  302   

4 

42 

42 

54.0 

*  Junior  high  school  dasses  consisting  of  pupils  with  the  following  deficiences:     orthopedic  26;  cerebral 
palsy  2;  cardiac  4;  and  sight  conservation  5. 


74 


Eighty-Ninth  Annual  Report 


TABLE  9— Number  of  Pupils^' 
Atypical  Children : 


Maryland  Schools  and  Institutions  for 
Year  Ending  June  30,  1955 


Name  and  Location 


Kinder- 
garten 


Number  of  Pupils 


Ele- 
mentary 


Secondary 


Special 


Total 
Number 

of 
Different 
Teachers 


WHITE 


Child  Study  Center,  Baltimore   

Children's  Guild,  Baltimore 

Children's  RehabUitation  Institute, 

Cockeysville 

Friendly  School,  Baltimore 

Garden  School,  Baltimore 

tMaryland  School  for  Blind,  Baltimore 

Maryland  School  for  Deaf,  Frederick 

Maryland  Training  School  for  Boys, 

Loch  Raven 

Montrose  School  for  Girls,  Reisterslown  .... 
Nursery  School  for  Cerebral  Palsy   Baltimore 

Reinhardt  School  for  Deaf,  Kensington 

Rosewood  State  Training  School, 

Owings  Mills 

School  of  Chimes,  Baltimore 

Twin  Maples,  Baltimore 


31 
11 


82 
105 


344 
51 


34 
22 


64 

40 


23 

5 

36 

28 
5 


34 
30 


68 
40 


5 

1 

28 

18 

21 

14 
3 

2 

13 

7 
5 


COLORED 


Barrett  School  for  Girls,  Glen  Burnie 

Boys'  Village  of  Maryland,  Inc.,  Cheltenham 
Maryland  School  for  Blind,  Baltimore 

Dept.  for  Colored  Deaf 


45 

25 

9 

192 

10 

19 

7 

*  Figures  furnished  by  principals  of  schools, 
t  Integrated. 


J 


Maryland  State  Department  of  Education 


75 


TABLE  10~Total   Resident  Births  in   Maryland:     1945-1954 

Data  from  Division  of  Vital  Records  and  Statistics,  Maryland  State  Department  of  Health 


County 


Total  State 


Baltimore  City .  . 

Total  Counties  .  . 

Allegany 

Anne  Arundel  . 

Baltimore 

Calvert 

Caroline 

Carroll 

Cecil 

Charles 

Dorchester.  .  .  . 
Frederick 

Garrett 

Harford 

Howard 

Kent 

Montgomery  . . 

Prince  George's 
Queen  Anne's  . 
St.  Mary's.  .  .  . 

Somerset 

Talbot 

Washington.  .  . 

Wicomico 

Worcester 


Total  Resident  Births  in 

Maryland 

1945 

1946 

1947 

1948 

1949 

1950 

1951 

1952 

1953 

1954 

42,816 

50,733 

56,827 

54,092 

54,048 

55,992 

61,081 

63,165 

64,523 

67,445 

17,84S 

21,111 

23,992 

22,083 

21,496 

21,382 

22.630 

22,775 

22,748 

23,523 

24,968 

29,622 

32,835 

32,009 

32,552 

34,610 

38,451 

40.390 

41,775 

43,922 

1,724 

1,819 

5,174 

312 

329 

2,257 

2,164 

6,140 

313 

387 

2,554 

2,474 

6,867 

361 

405 

2,160 

2,603 

6,375 

395 

420 

2,009 

2,655 

6,379 

366 

373 

1,803 

2,873 

6,661 

400 

417 

1,824 

2.969 

7.489 

405 

396 

1,785 

3,132 

7,937 

427 

432 

1,729 

3.444 

8,547 

432 

431 

1,577 

3.811 

9,057 

431 

405 

708 
702 
605 
462 
1,141 

860 
804 
672 
526 
1,405 

978 
788 
686 
613 
1,478 

887 
790 
723 
574 
1,339 

849 
763 
723 
555 
1,377 

771 
756 
746 
659 
1,342 

818 
801 
782 
630 
1.464 

1,019 
901 
684 
585 

1,438 

888 
958 
825 
597 
1,430 

921 

1,054 

877 

632 

1.519 

424 

1,090 

381 

246 

2.694 

515 

1,245 

477 

295 

3,073 

568 

1,385 

565 

327 

3,411 

551 

1,353 

546 

293 

3,600 

541 

1,379 

542 

299 

4,000 

530 

1,419 

569 

313 

4,740 

508 

1.645 

597 

285 

5.478 

497 

1,789 

581 

318 

6,113 

467 

1.724 

615 

317 

6.275 

448 

1,855 

660 

354 

6,708 

2,992 
260 
708 
357 
330 

3,804 
269 
679 
414 
363 

3,996 
289 
736 
484 
425 

4,243 
313 
781 
432 
415 

4,563 
326 
824 
417 
418 

5,508 
311 
883 
436 
427 

7.020 
298 
916 
432 
435 

7,250 
334 
881 
446 

458 

7,566 
279 

1.029 
427 
451 

7,687 
335 

1,116 
477 
431 

1,467 
636 

407 

1,730 
741 
489 

1,989 

875 
581 

1,791 
892 
533 

1,760 
866 
568 

1,697 
894 

555 

1.714 
980 
565 

1,794 

1.002 

587 

1.771 

1,019 

554 

1,869 

1,061 

637 

76 


Eighty-Ninth  Annual  Report 


TABLE  11— White  Resident  Births  in  Maryland:     1945-1954 

Data  from  Division  of  Vital  Records  and  Statistics,  Maryland  State  Department  of  Health 


White  Resident  Births  in 

Maryland 

County 

1945 

1946 

1947 

1948 

1949 

1950 

1951 

1952 

1953 

1954 

Total  State 

34,678 

41,401 

46,324 

42,651 

42,178 

43,599 

47,992 

50,146 

50,918 

53,204 

Baltimore  City  . .  . 

13,308 

15,805 

17,799 

15,414 

14,507 

14,168 

14,938 

14,989 

14,628 

14,949 

Total  Counties  .  .  . 

21,370 

25,596 

28,525 

27,237 

27,671 

29,431 

33,054 

35,157 

36,290 

38,255 

Allegany 

Anne  Anindel  .  . 

Baltimore 

Calvert 

Caroline 

1,691 

1,392 

4,751 

156 

248 

2,221 

1,693 

5,643 

137 

302 

2,524 

1,943 

6,328 

156 

310 

2,126 

2,020 

5,737 

179 

323 

1,976 

2,034 

5,766 

168 

276 

1,769 

2,196 

6,036 

148 

319 

1,792 

2,322 

6,932 

160 

300 

1,758 

2,467 

7,382 

186 

325 

1,691 

2,734 

7,999 

196 

313 

1,540 

3,033 

8,560 

169 

301 

Carroll 

Cecil 

Charles 

Dorchester 

Frederick 

666 
652 
304 
298 
1,029 

816 
748 
386 
360 
1,254 

930 
735 
394 
412 
1,338 

840 
717 
405 
368 
1,196 

805 
707 
390 
324 
1,233 

725 
695 
407 
317 
1,189 

778 
737 
397 
350 
1,304 

922 
834 
387 
342 
1,306 

840 
883 
457 
324 
1,282 

881 
979 
476 
370 
1,369 

Garrett 

Harford 

Howard 

Kent 

Montgomery  .  .  . 

424 
994 
317 
166 
2,463 

515 

1,133 

389 

214 

2,771 

565 

1,244 

477 

240 

3,114 

550 

1,186 

426 

216 

3,289 

541 

1,202 

443 

211 

3,664 

529 

1,241 

463 

231 

4,402 

507 

1,426 

480 

204 

5,122 

497 

1,557 

480 

224 

5,794 

466 

1,493 

499 

209 

6,899 

448 

1,625 

561 

258 

6,343 

Prince  George's . 
Queen  Anne's  .  . 

St.  Mary's 

Somerset 

Talbot 

2,529 
178 
540 
199 
220 

3,273 
196 

475 
256 
235 

3,448 
208 
557 
297 
296 

3,605 
213 
564 
256 
271 

3,918 
211 
615 
217 
282 

4,775 
200 
659 
240 
290 

6,157 
197 
690 
226 
281 

6,430 
231 
675 
243 
293 

6,705 
190 
812 
223 
301 

6,782 
226 
877 
264 
270 

Washington.  .  .  . 

Wicomico 

Worcester 

1,451 
471 
231 

1,702 
571 
306 

1,950 
684 
375 

1,761 
663 
326 

1,726 
633 
329 

1,647 
628 
325 

1,684 
686 
322 

1,769 
733 
322 

1,731 
735 
308 

1,825 
736 
362 

Maryland  State  Department  of  Education 


77 


TABLE  12— Colored  Resident  Births  in  Maryland:     1945-1954 

Data  from  Division  of  Vital  Records  and  Statistics,  Maryland  State  Department  of  Health 


Colored  Resident  Births  in  Maryland 

County 

1945 

1946 

1947 

1948 

1949 

1950 

1951 

1952 

1953 

1954 

Total  State 

8,138 

9,332 

10,503 

11,441 

11,870 

12,393 

13,089 

13,019 

13,605 

14,241 

Baltimore  City  .  . . 

4,540 

5,306 

6,193 

6,669 

6,989 

7,214 

7,692 

7,786 

8,120 

8,574 

Total  Counties  . .  . 

3,598 

4,026 

4,310 

4,772 

4,881 

5,179 

5,397 

5,233 

5,485 

5,667 

Allegany 

Anne  Arundel  .  . 

Baltimore 

Calvert 

Caroline 

33 

427 

423 

156 

81 

36 
471 
497 
176 

85 

30 
531 
539 
205 

95 

34 
583 
638 
216 

97 

33 
621 
613 
198 

97 

34 
677 
625 
252 

98 

32 
647 
557 
245 

96 

27 
665 
555 
241 
107 

38 
710 
548 
236 
118 

37 
778 
497 
262 
104 

Carroll 

Cecil 

Charles 

Dorchester 

Frederick 

42 

50 

301 

164 

112 

44 

56 

286 

166 

151 

48 

53 

292 

201 

140 

47 

73 

318 

206 

143 

44 

56 

333 

231 

144 

46 

61 

339 

242 

153 

40 

64 

385 

280 

160 

97 

67 

297 

243 

132 

48 

75 

368 

273 

148 

40 

75 

401 

262 

150 

Garrett 

Harford 

Howard 

Kent 

Montgomery  . .  . 

96 

64 

80 

231 

li2 
88 
81 

302 

3 
141 

88 

87 

297 

1 

167 

120 

77 

311 

177 
99 
88 

336 

1 

178 

106 

82 

338 

1 

219 

117 

81 

356 

232 

101 

94 

319 

1 
231 
116 
108 
376 

230 
99 
96 

365 

Prince  George's . 
Queen  Anne's  .  . 

St.  Mary's 

Somerset 

Talbot 

463 
82 
168 
158 
110 

531 
73 
204 
158 
128 

548 
81 
179 
187 
129 

638 
100 
217 
176 
144 

645 
115 
209 
200 
136 

733 
111 
224 
196 
137 

863 
101 
226 
206 
154 

820 
103 
206 
203 
165 

861 
89 
217 
204 
150 

905 
109 
239 
213 
161 

Washington .... 

Wicomico 

Worcester 

16 
165 
176 

28 
170 
183 

39 
191 
206 

30 
229 
207 

34 
233 
239 

50 
266 
230 

30 
294 
243 

25 
269 
265 

40 
284 
246 

44 
325 
275 

78 


Eighty-Ninth  Annual  Report 


TABLE  13 
Withdrawals*  from  Public  Schools :     Counties  of  Maryland  :     Year  Ending  June  30,  1955 


Total 

Withdrawals  by  CoDEt 

County 

Transferred  to 
Other  Schools 

W7 

W13 

W5 

W6 

W8 

W9 

WIO 

Wll 

W12 

Wl 

W2 

W3&4 

W14 

ELEMENTARY 


Total  Counties 19,841 


Allegany 

Anne  Arundel . 
Baltimore  .  .  .  . 

Calvert 

Caroline 


Carroll .... 

Cecil 

Charles  .  .  . 
Dorchester 
Frederick.  , 


Garrett 

Harford 

Howard 

Kent 

Montgomery . 


Prince  George's 
Queen  Anne's.  . 

St.  Mary's 

Somerset 

Talbot 


Washington 
Wicomico  . 
Worcester.  . 


618 

1,833 

3,195 

183 

199 

442 
693 
358 
167 
581 

203 
1,197 

394 

86 

3,559 

3,521 
130 
533 
196 
167 

834 
456 
296 


7,516 

303 

546 

1,176 

66 

51 

146 
284 
141 
49 
324 

54 

454 

86 

20 

1,529 

1,245 

48 

123 

55 

47 

502 

198 

69 


3 
9 

168 


11,221 

280 

1,172 

1,845 

107 

141 

278 
381 
186 
103 
221 

133 

708 

292 

63 

1,747 

2,158 

79 

383 

135 

107 

260 
233 
209 


58 

43 

144 

1 

2 

3 

13 

3 

17 

14 

12 

19 

1 

1 

1 

2 

3 

5 

1 

7 

3 

6 

1 

3 

4 
2 

2 

1 

2 
4 

1 

4 

5 

43 

12 

5 

10 

4 
1 

1 

2 

3 

1 

17 

1 

2 

19 


38 


393 

22 
30 

57 
6 
4 

10 

9 

9 

10 

23 

12 

28 


28 


HIGH 


Total  Counties 

Allegany 

Anne  Arundel . 

Baltimore 

Calvert 

Caroline 

Carroll 

Cecil 

Charles 

Dorchester.  .  .  . 
Frederick 

Garrett 

Harford 

Howard 

Kent 

Montgomery.  .  . 

Prince  George's 
Queen  Anne's .  . 

St.  Mary's 

Somerset 

Talbot 

Washington   .  .  . 

Wicomico 

Worcester 


9,598 

1,197 

72 

3,443 

210 

29 

144 

237 

3,346 

25 

423 

56 

408 

466 

70 

9 

138 

12 

1 

7 

15 

158 

21 

1 

34 

880 

73 

7 

304 

25 

2 

8 

24 

355 

4 

38 

4 

36 

1,734 

171 

18 

641 

34 

4 

52 

57 

603 

6 

61 

16 

70 

85 

4 

26 

2 

39 

9 

2 

3 

140 

9 

52 

2 

1 

1 

4 

58 

11 

2 

265 

31 

107 

9 

10 

3 

95 

2 

5 

3 

236 

22 

87 

3 

3 

3 

95 

1 

10 

11 

196 

27 

5 

53 

1 

2 

1 

4 

83 

1 

14 

1 

4 

146 

4 

42 

9 

2 

56 

18 

5 

10 

309 

59 

64 

2 

1 

2 

6 

148 

9 

3 

13 

107 

3 

35 

1 

1 

3 

45 

9 

2 

8 

470 

73 

2 

224 

9 

1 

5 

6 

109 

1 

17 

4 

19 

234 

20 

78 

4 

1 

1 

7 

93 

17 

3 

10 

75 

6 

28 

2 

1 

1 

20 

9 

1 

7 

1,101 

196 

15 

497 

19 

3 

25 

26 

238 

7 

37 

4 

30 

1,737 

233 

6 

676 

42 

5 

12 

48 

585 

2 

47 

81 

94 

9 

21 

3 

1 

39 

13 

3 

5 

180 

12 

8 

86 

1 

1 

5 

61 

2 

2 

2 

116 

6 

31 

2 

4 

4 

57 

5 

7 

100 

4 

30 

5 

1 

41 

13 

6 

553 

153 

2 

85 

18 

5 

7 

233 

21 

5 

24 

216 

7 

69 

4 

2 

3 

9 

85 

1 

23 

13 

158 

5 

69 

3 

2 

3 

2 

50 

14 

10 

*  Withdrawals  who  did  not  re-enter  during  1954-55  the  school  from  which  they  withdrew. 
t  Codes:    Wl — Transferred — Public  school  in  county;  W6 — Armed  services; 

W2 — Transferred — Nonpublic  school  in  county;  W8 — Age  16  or  over; 

W3  &  4 — Transferred — Outside  county;  W9 — Mental; 

W7 — Committed  to  institution;  WIO — Physical; 

W13— Death;  Wll— Economic; 

W5 — Special  case;  W12 — Marriage; 

W14 — Suspended. 


Maryland  State  Department  of  Education 


79 


TABLE  14 

Average  Number  Belonging  per  Teacher    and    Principal: 

1946—1955 


Counties  of  Maryland ; 


Average  Number  Bblonginq  per  Teacher  and  Principal 

Year  Ending 
June  30 

White  Schools 

Colored  Schools 

Elementary* 

High 

Elementary* 

High 

1946 

1947 

35  2 
34.6 
33.9 
34.0 
34.0 

33.7 
32.1 
31.4 
81,0 
27.8 

23  5 
22.8 
21.6 
21.6 
21.9 

21.9 
21   5 
21.6 
21.8 
23  1 

35.7 
35.4 
35.6 
34.7 
35.1 

34.7 
33.2 
32.0 
31.4 
30.2 

26  5 
24.4 

1948 

1949 

1950 

1951 

1952 

23.1 
22,7 
22.5 

21.2 
20.9 

1953 

21.2 

1954 

20.7 

1955 

21.3 

*  Excludes  elementary  schools  at  State  Teachers  Colleges. 


TABLE  15 

Average    Number   Belonging    per    Teacher    and    Principal : 

Year  Ending  June  30,  1955 


State    of   Maryland ; 


*  Excludes  elementary  schools  at  State  Teachers  Colleges. 
Note:     Break-down  for  Baltimore  City  not  available. 


80 


Eighty-Ninth  Annual  Report 


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13,867 
11,620 
9,214 
13,335 
14,544 
15,435 
16,181 
17,596 
19,340 

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18,057 
18,302 
18,528 
19,280 
21,062 
22,460 
23,111 
24,561 
26,195 

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Maryland  State  Department  of  Education 


81 


TABLE  17 
Number  Enrolled  by  Grade-Color :   Maryland  Public  Schools :   Fall  of  1954 


Grade 


Total 


White 


Colored 


total  state 


Total 

}454.875 

18,193 
51,585 
52,765 
45,536 
40,222 
38,652 
39,680 
37,342 
32,208 
29,035 
24,307 
19,964 
15,962 
6,813 

Kindergarten* 

1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

7 

8 

9 

10 

11 

12t... 

BALTIMORE  CITY 


Total 

Kindergarten*.  .  . 

1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

7 

8 

9 

10 

11 

12t 

Special  Classes 


{143,688 

12,562 

15,524 

15,458 

12,992 

12,881 

11,231 

11,312 

10,596 

8,794 

7,857 

6,733 

5,271 

4,193 

5,673 


TOTAL  COUNTIES 


Total 

Kindergarten.  .  .  . 

1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

7 

8 

9 

10 

11 

12t 

Special  Classes 


311,187 


271,402 


5,631 

5,379 

252 

36,061 

31,069 

4,992 

37,307 

32,769 

4,538 

32,544 

28,546 

3,998 

27,341 

23,738 

3,603 

27,421 

23,807 

3,614 

28,368 

24,642 

3,726 

26,746 

23,246 

3,500 

23,414 

20,099 

3,315 

21,178 

18,305 

2,873 

17,574 

15,330 

2,244 

14,693 

12,983 

1,710 

11,769 

10,527 

1,242 

1,140 

962 

178 

39,785 


*  Includes  enrollment  in  prekindergarten  classes. 

t  Includes  postgraduates. 

t  Includes  2,611  ungraded  vocational  pupils. 

Note:     Break-down  for  Baltimore  City  not  available. 


82 


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M.xRYLAND  State  Department  of  Education 


87 


TABLE  23 — Number  and  Per  Cent  of  Nonpromotions  in  First   Grade* : 
Maryland  County  Schools:   Year  Ending  June  30,  1955 


White  Schools 

Colored  School3 

County 

Number 

Per  Cent 

Number 

Per  Cent 

Boys 

Girls 

Boys 

Girls 

Bovs 

Girls 

Boys 

Girls 

Total  Counties    .... 

1.161 

65 

145 

246 

7 

23 

26 
80 
17 
11 
4 

16 
57 
21 
23 
187 

128 

1 

11 

16 

15 

10 
40 
12 

571 

33 

72 

118 

5 

11 

13 
31 
13 

4 
4 

14 
34 
9 
12 
73 

70 
3 

10 

14 
7 

7 

11 

3 

7.1 

8.5 

10.8 

7.4 

6.1 

12.6 

5  6 
15  9 

8.6 
5.5 
0.7 

6.5 
8.4 
7.9 
18.0 
7.0 

4.8 
0.8 
6.0 
11.5 
9.5 

1.1 

10.7 

6  8 

3.8 

4.5 
5.7 
3.9 
5.4 
7.1 

2.9 
6.7 
7.8 
2.3 
0.7 

5.5 
5.8 
4  0 
9  5 
3.0 

3.0 
2.5 
5.1 
11.9 
5.4     1 
! 
0.9 
3.3     , 
2  0 

335 

47 
14 
14 
11 

1 

"8 

37 

9 

'  i 

14 

2 
41 

61 

15 
10 
26 

14 
9 

202 

3 
28 
7 
7 
5 

'    4 

15 

4 

"i 

3 

1 
35 

41 

"5 
11 
11 

16 
5 

13  0 

8   5 

20  0     !     1*8  7 

Anne  Arundel 

Baltimore 

Calvert 

Caroline 

Carroll 

13.4 

5.4 

11.7 

23.4 

28.6 

19.8 

8.7 

i.i 

18.9 

5  4 

21  3 

14  6 

17^6 
11.1 
27.9 

10.9 
7.6 

8.4 
3.0 
6.7 
9.8 

Cecil 

13  8 

Charles 

9.7 
3.6 

Frederick 

Garrett 

Harford 

i  i 

5.1 

Kent 

Montgomery 

Prince  George's 

Queen  Anne's 

St.  Mary's 

Somerset 

Talbot 

Washington 

Wicomico 

Worcester 

2.0 
21.3 

U.2 

6:i 

11.1 
15.5 

li!7 
5.0 

♦  Excludes  pupils  in  first  grade  of  olementary  school?  of  State  Teachers  Colleges. 


88 


Eighty-Ninth  Annual  Report 


TABLE  24— Graduates  of  Maryland  County  High  Schools— 1946-55 ; 
and  Baltimore  City,  Year  Ending  June  30,  1955 


by  County 


Year  and 

Grand  Total 

White 

COLOBBD 

County 

Total 

Boys 

Girls 

Total 

Boys 

Girls 

Total 

Boys 

Girls 

BY  YEAR,  1946-55 


1945-46 
1946-47 
1947-48 
1948-49 
1949-50 
1950-51 
1951-52 
1952-53 
1953-54 
1954-55 


7,549 

2,909 

4,640 

6,809 

2,641 

4,168 

740 

268 

8,380 

3,601 

4,779 

7,443 

3,244 

4,199 

937 

357 

8,548 

3,808 

4,740 

7,659 

3,417 

4,242 

889 

391 

6,971 

3,142 

3,829 

6,191 

2,800 

3,391 

780 

342 

4,800 

2,335 

2,465 

4,385 

2,148 

2,237 

415 

187 

8,288 

3,791 

4,497 

7,382 

3,391 

3,991 

906 

400 

8,878 

4,134 

4,744 

7,968 

3,725 

4,243 

910 

409 

9,695 

4,575 

5,120 

8,609 

4,084 

4,525 

1,086 

491 

10,303 

4,891 

5,412 

9,258 

4,404 

4,854 

1,045 

487 

11,321 

5,449 

5,872 

10,166 

4,874 

5,292 

1,155 

575 

472 
580 
498 
438 
228 
506 
501 
595 
558 
580 


BY  COUNTY  AND  BALTIMORE  CITY,  1954-55 


Total  State  .  . .  . 

Baltimore  City  . 

Total  Counties  . 

Allegany 

Anne  Arundel 
Baltimore,  .  .  . 

Calvert 

Caroline 

Carroll 

Cecil 

Charles 

Dorchester.  .  . 
Frederick .  .  . . 

Garrett 

Harford 

Howard 

Kent 

Montgomery* 

Pr.  George'sf. 
Queen  Anne's 
St.  Mary's.  .  . 
Somerset  .  .  .  . 
Talbot 

Washington .  . 
Wicomico  .  .  .  . 
Worcester  .  .  . 


15,161 

7,313 

7.848 

3,840 

1,864 

1,976 

11,321 

5,449 

5,872 

10,166 

4,874 

5,292 

1,155 

575 

978 

488 

490 

968 

481 

487 

10 

7 

800 

368 

432 

642 

290 

352 

158 

78 

1,903 

879 

1,024 

1,806 

833 

973 

97 

46 

84 

45 

39 

58 

28 

30 

26 

17 

177 

97 

80 

151 

83 

68 

26 

14 

389 

186 

203 

371 

177 

194 

18 

9 

264 

139 

125 

251 

135 

116 

13 

4 

222 

104 

118 

149 

74 

75 

73 

30 

242 

134 

108 

176 

92 

84 

66 

42 

529 

240 

289 

500 

224 

276 

29 

16 

215 

102 

113 

215 

102 

113 

439 

222 

217 

380 

188 

192 

59 

34 

187 

89 

98 

152 

71 

81 

35 

18 

124 

60 

64 

91 

44 

47 

33 

16 

1,382 

673 

709 

1,317 

641 

676 

65 

32 

1,617 

767 

850 

1,449 

700 

749 

168 

67 

138 

64 

74 

111 

49 

62 

27 

15 

120 

54 

66 

97 

42 

55 

23 

12 

161 

88 

73 

105 

53 

52 

56 

35 

175 

91 

84 

127 

63 

64 

48 

28 

721 

339 

382 

705 

332 

373 

16 

7 

276 

132 

144 

214 

105 

109 

62 

27 

178 

88 

90 

131 

67 

64 

47 

21 

3 
80 
51 

9 
12 

9 

9 

43 

24 

13 


25 
17 
17 
33 

101 
12 
11 
21 
20 

9 
35 
26 


*  Includes  25  boys,  3  girls,  graduates  of  1955  summer  school, 
t  Includes  21  boys,  13  girls,  graduates  of  1955  summer  school. 
Note:     Break-down  for  Baltimore  City  not  available. 


Maryland  State  Department  of  Education 


89 


TABLE  25— Number  and  Per  Cent  of  High  School  Graduates  Who  Entered  State 

Teachers  Colleges  Fall  After  Graduation:     Counties  of  Maryland — 1946-1950: 

State  of  Maryland— 1951-1955 


High  School  Graduates 

Entrants  to  State 

Teachers 

Colleges 

Yeah 

Total 

Boys 

Girls 

Number 

Per  Cent 

Boys 

Girls 

Boys 

Girls 

TOTAL  graduates 

1945-46 

7,549 

8,380 

8.548 

6,971 

4,800 

12,101 

12,352 

13,356 

14,070 

15,161 

2,909 
3,601 
3,808 
3,142 
2,335 
5,596 
5,741 
6,256 
6,670 
7,313 

4,640 
4,779 
4,740 
3,829 
2,465 
6,605 
6,611 
7,100 
7,400 
7,848 

61 
132 
113 
160 

56 
110 
166 
140 
163 
170 

179 
187 
277 
315 
136 
316 
361 
455 
446 
435 

2.1 
3.7 
3.0 
6.1 
2.4 
2.0 
2.9 
4.5 
2.4 
2.3 

3  9 

1946-47 

1947-48 

3  9 
5  8 

1948-49 

8.2 
5.5 
4.8 
5  5 

1949-50 

1950-51* 

1951-52 

1952-53 

6  4 

1953-54 

1954-55 

6.0 
5.5 

WHITE  GRADUATES 

1945-46 

1946-47 

1947-48 

1948-49 

1949-50 

1950-51* 

1951-52 

1952-53 

1953-54 

1954-55 

6,809 

7,443 

7,659 

6,191 

4,385 

10,378 

10,678 

11,444 

12,110 

2,641 
3,244 
3,417 
2,800 
2,148 
4,905 
5,059 
5,452 
5,842 

4.168 
4,199 
4,242 
3,391 
2,237 
5,473 
6,619 
5,992 
6,268 

53 
121 
105 
141 
51 
92 
141 
120 
152 

151 
148 
245 
249 
113 
198 
219 
293 
320 

2.0 
3.7 
3.1 
5  0 
2.4 
1.9 
2.8 
2.2 
2.6 

3.6 
3.5 
6.8 
7.3 
5.1 
3.6 
3.9 
4.9 
5.1 

COLORED  GRADUATES 

1945-46 

740 

937 

889 

780 

415 

1,723 

1,674 

1,912 

1,960 

268 
357 
391 
342 
187 
691 
682 
804 
828 

472 

580 

498 

438 

228 

1,032 

992 

1,108 

1,132 

8 
11 

8 
19 

6 
18 
25 
20 
11 

28 

39 

32 

66 

23 

117 

142 

162 

126 

3.0 
3.1 
2.0 
5  5 
2.7 
2.6 
3.7 
2.5 
1.3 

5  9 

1946-47 

1947-48 

1948  49 

6.7 

6.4 

15  1 

1949-50 

1950-51* 

10.1 
11  3 

1951-52 

14  3 

1952-53 

1953-54 

1954-55 

14  6 
11.1 

Note:     Break-down  for  Baltimore  City  not  available. 

*  Increase  due  to  inclusion  of  Baltimore  City  graduates  and  entrants  to  Coppin  State  Teachers  College 


90 


Eighty-Ninth  Annual  Report 


TABLE  28 — Comparison  of  Number  and  Per  Cent  of  Maryland   County   High  School 
Graduates  Continuing  Education  or  Staying  or  Working  at  Home  Year  Following 

Graduation:  1945-1954 


Number 

Per  Cent 

Year  of 
Graduation 

Total  Number 
of  Graduates 

Continuing 
Education 

Staying  or  Work- 
ing at  Home, 
Married 

Continuing 
Education 

Staying  or  Work- 
ing at  Home, 
Married 

Boys 

Girls 

Boys 

Girls 

Boys 

Girls 

Boys 

Girls 

Boys 

Gir!3 

TOTAL  GRADUATES 


1945 
1946 
1947 
1948 
1949 
1950 
1951 
1952 
1953 
1954 


2,824 

4  462 

518 

1  415 

21 

646 

18.3 

31.7 

0.7 

2,909 

4.640 

661 

1,377 

45 

511 

22.7 

29.7 

1.5 

3,612 

4  785 

968 

1  434 

91 

893 

26.8 

30.0 

2.5 

3,810 

4,740 

947 

I  444 

81 

862 

24.9 

30.5 

2.1 

3,142 

3,829 

861 

1  282 

90 

706 

27.4 

33.5 

2.9 

2,335 

2,465 

706 

833 

42 

388 

30.2 

33.8 

1.8 

3,791 

4,497 

1,034 

1,389 

96 

719 

27.3 

30.9 

2.5 

4,134 

4,744 

1,235 

1.419 

57 

740 

29.9 

29.9 

1.4 

4,575 

5,120 

1,353 

1.641 

135 

911 

29.6 

32.1 

2.9 

4,891 

5,412 

1,515 

1.755 

54 

891 

31.0 

32.4 

1.1 

14.5 
11.0 
18.7 
7.6 
18.4 
15.7 
16.0 
15.6 
17.8 
16.5 


WHITE  GRADUATES 


1945 
1946 
1947 
1948 
1949 
1950 
1951 
1952 
1953 
1954 


2,545 

3,986 

434 

1,232 

19 

587 

17.1 

30.9 

0.7 

2.641 

4,168 

601 

1,218 

36 

420 

22.7 

29.2 

1.4 

3,255 

4,205 

901 

1,268 

77 

769 

27.7 

30.1 

2.4 

3,419 

4,242 

865 

1,282 

68 

277 

25.3 

30.2 

2.0 

2,800 

3,391 

787 

1,143 

78 

654 

28.1 

33.7 

2.8 

2,148 

2,237 

655 

761 

42 

328 

30.5 

34.0 

1.9 

3,391 

3,991 

935 

1,186 

69 

587 

27.6 

29.7 

2.0 

3,725 

4,243 

1,110 

1,223 

37 

655 

29.8 

28.8 

1.0 

4,084 

4,525 

1,221 

1,423 

100 

759 

29.9 

31.4 

2.4 

4,404 

4,854 

1,414 

1,565 

52 

769 

32.1 

32.2 

1.2 

14.7 
10.1 
18.3 
6.5 
19.3 
14.7 
14.7 
15.4 
16.8 
15.8 


COLORED  GRADUATES 


1845 

279 

476 

84 

183 

2 

59 

30.1 

38.4 

0.7 

12.4 

1946 

268 

472 

60 

159 

9 

91 

22.4 

33.7 

3.3 

19.3 

1947 

357 

580 

67 

166 

14 

124 

18.8 

28.6 

3.9 

21.4 

1948 

391 

498 

82 

162 

13 

85 

21.0 

32.5 

3.3 

17.1 

1949 

342 

438 

74 

139 

12 

52 

21.6 

31.7 

3.5 

11.9 

1950 

187 

228 

51 

72 

60 

27.3 

31.6 

26.3 

1951 

400 

506 

99 

203 

27 

132 

24.7 

40.1 

6.7 

26.1 

1952 

409 

501 

125 

196 

20 

85 

30.6 

39.1 

4.9 

17.0 

1953 

491 

595 

132 

218 

35 

152 

26.9 

36.6 

7.1 

25.5 

1954 

487 

558 

101 

190 

2 

122 

20.7 

34.1 

0.4 

21.9 

M.4RYLAND  State  Department  of  Education 


91 


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96 


Eighty-Ninth  Annual  Report 


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Maryland  State  Department  of  Education 


99 


TABLE  35 

Pupils  Enrolled*  in  Various  English  Courses:     Maryland  County  High  Schools: 

Year  Ending  June  30,  1955 


County 

English 

7t 

8t 

9t 

lot 

lit 

12t 

Othert 

Grand  Total 

27,336 

23,989 

21,842 

17,387 

14,721 

11,401 

3,815 

WHITE 


Total  Counties  .  . 

Allegany 

Anne  Arundel  . 

Baltimore 

Calvert 

Caroline 

Carroll 

Cecil 

Charles 

Dorchester.  .  .  . 
Fredericlt 

Garrett 

Harford 

Howard 

Kent 

Montgomery  .  . 

Prince  George's 
Queen  Anne's  . 
St.  Mary's  .... 

Somerset 

Talbot 

Washington .  .  . 

Wicomico 

Worcester 


23,998 

1,314 

1,953 

4,918 

159 

239 

798 
632 
335 
357 
902 

418 

1,014 

413 

168 

3,267 

3,343 
202 
194 
208 
224 

2,138 
544 
258 


20,690 

1,270 

1,609 

4,169 

127 

256 

684 
521 
248 
294 
933 

412 

752 
366 

178 
2,750 

2,814 
183 
173 
209 
246 

1,823 
437 
236 


18,951 

1,323 

1,449 

3,860 

119 

218 

670 
492 
233 
275 
847 

292 

714 

342 

146 

2,451 

2,502 
176 
202 
172 
192 

1,641 
422 
213 


15,118 

1,232 

1,207 

3,020 

104 

188 

546 
365 
207 
224 
760 

311 

581 

266 

117 

2,035 

2,314 
143 
168 
141 
158 

481 
337 
213 


12,978 

1,096 
969 

2,525 

80 

183 

462 
379 
150 
204 
605 

257 
504 
199 
126 
1,861 

1,985 
125 
120 
121 
147 

399 
291 
190 


10,144 

994 

681 

1,868 

62 

156 

384 
260 
153 
185 
516 

218 

397 

159 

93 

1,364 

1,523 
116 
110 
109 
135 

306 
214 
141 


3,488 

227 

141 

1,015 


28 
208 

100 
87 
96 


619 
21 


198 
117 


COLORED 


Total  Counties  . . 

Allegany 

Anne  Arundel  . 

Baltimore 

Calvert 

Caroline 

CarroU 

Cecil 

Charles 

Dorchester.  .  .  . 
Frederick 

Garrett 

Harford   

Howard 

Kent 

Montgomery  .  . 

Prince  George's 
Queen  Anne's  . 
St.  Mary's  .... 

Somerset 

Talbot 

Washington .  .  . 

Wicomico 

Worcester 


3,338 

19 
451 
359 
151 

74 

52 
47 
224 
39 
46 


116 
94 

84 
222 

514 
85 
126 
149 
122 

37 
165 
162 


3,299 

22 
401 
337 
127 

77 

37 

45 

230 

142 

105 


110 

87 

84 

224 

519 

67 

99 

145 

109 

33 
159 
140 


2,891 

26 

360 

288 

91 

89 

44 

35 

206 

128 


103 
91 
58 

193 

453 
74 
93 

112 

84 

31 
129 
115 


2,269 

16 

286 

239 

77 

56 

35 

30 

134 

107 

78 


75 

56 

47 

144 

385 
66 
63 
81 
70 

18 

124 

82 


1,743 

16 

233 

175 

58 

44 

25 
32 
104 
74 
52 


68 

52 

39 

103 

250 
45 
45 
79 
63 

21 

102 

63 


1,257 

10 

173 

103 

28 

30 

18 
15 

78 
68 
29 


60 
39 
35 
73 

193 
30 
26 
62 
50 

16 

72 
49 


327 


26 


79 
34 


♦  Excludes  withdrawals  for  remov.^1,  transfer,  death,  or  commitment  to  an  institution. 

t  Includes  pupils  taking  Core  as  shown  by  school  in  TABLE  XXIX. 

j  Includes  1,393  taking  Journalism;  1,215  taking  Public  Speaking;  and  1,207  taking  Dramatics. 


100 


Eighty-Ninth  Annual  Report 


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101 


TABLE  37 

Colored  Pupils  Enrolled*  in  Various  Branches  of  Social  Studies:     Maryland  County 
High  Schools :     by  Year,  1948-55,  and  by  County,  Year  Ending  June  30,  1955 


Social  Studies 

o 

>> 

o 

O 

£ 

1 

> 

>. 

c 

>> 

o 

St 

0)  o 

ox 

bO 

Year  and 

1 

County 

o 

01 
■0 

a 
6 

Is 

"3 

c 

as 

<u 
a. 

Si 

00  V 

a,  E 
~  a) 

>> 

j= 
a. 
a 

>> 

u 
o 

=  1 

s 

c 

X 

j: 

>  K 

o 

3 

c:^ 

oQ 

? 

gc 

V 

Sw 

^ 

^  a 

s? 

t- 

00 

c 

^ 

e 

-^ 

0^ 

a 

w 

w 

o 

z 

Ph 

PQ 

1947-48 

1,638 

2,044 

1,384 

645 

81 

928 

678 

252 

356 

83 

180 

79 

25 

1948-49 

1,827 

2,312 

1,606 

1,092 

15 

858 

383 

186 

214 

141 

45 

77 

1949-50 

1,995 

2,446 

1,704 

1,191 

18 

1,072 

499 

294 

128 

87 

130 

104 

1950-51 

2,452 
2,882 

2,461 
2,818 

1,765 
1,944 

1,406 
1,205 

16 
20 

1,156 
1,407 

729 
831 

320 
170 

123 
189 

129 
139 

34 

8 

112 

70 

379 
361 

,S9 

1951-52 

36 

1952-53 

3,064 

2,959 

2,144 

1,352 

58 

1,410 

907 

206 

282 

158 

24 

39 

294 

112 

1953-54 

3,205 

2,998 

2,197 

1,757 

17 

1,503 

964 

207 

150 

85 

12 

89 

223 

64 

1954-55 

3,338 

3,299 

2,373 

1,713 

46 

1,744 

1.122 

483 

150 

106 

28 

54 

124 

110 

BY  COUNTY,  1954-55 


Allegany 

Anne  Arundel . 
Baltimore  .... 

Calvert 

Caroline 

Carroll 

Cecil 

Charles 

Dorchester  .  . . 
Frederick 

Garrett 

Harford 

Howard 

Kent 

Montgomery.  . 

Prince  George's 
Queen  Anne's. 
St.  Mary's.  .  .  . 

Somerset 

Talbot 

Washington  .  . 
Wicomico  .... 
Worcester.  .  .  . 


19 

22 

26 

16 

26 

451 

401 

360 

163 

242 

160 

359 

337 

288 

235 

175 

103 

151 

127 

91 

64 

57 

27 

74 

77 

79 

47 

46 

28 

52 

37 

44 

35 

43 

47 

45 

35 

28 

32 

14 

224 

230 

198 

21 

103 

67 

96 

23 

39 

142 

30 

73 

123 

106 

46 

105 

47 

52 

29 

88 

lie 

lio 

103 

75 

68 

60 

27 

94 

87 

91 

56 

53 

38 

84 

84 

58 

47 

39 

35 

222 

224 

193 

25 

113 

22 

48 

514 

519 

453 

385 

250 

192 

54 

85 

67 

74 

66 

45 

30 

126 

99 

93 

63 

33 

38 

149 

145 

41 

81 

79 

62 

71 

i9 

si 

122 

109 

70 

62 

50 

84 

37 

33 

31 

18 

37 

165 

159 

106 

102 

72 

129 

28 

34 

59 

162 

140 

115 

81 

57 

52 

15 

*  Excludes  withdrawals  for  removal,  transfer,  death,  or  commitment  to  an  institution. 
t  Includes  pupils  taking  Core  as  shown  by  school  in  TABLE  XXIX. 

j  Includes  classes  taught  by  teachers  certified  in  social  studies;  the  remaining  classes  in  this  subject  appear  in 
TABLE  41. 


102 


Eighty-Ninth  Annual  Report 


White  Pupils  Enrolled' 


TABLE  38 

in  Various  Branches  of  Science :     Maryland  County  High  Schools ; 
by  Year,  1946-55,  and  by  County,  1954-55 


Science 

1 
w 

2 

s 

a 

n 

B 

.£ 
'5 
en 

n 
1 

i. 
■© 

s 

u 

c 

'v 
1 

E 

s: 
O 

PL. 

g 
1 

u 

_0 

"c 

0 

o 
N 

•J 

'uJS 

u 

Year 
AND  County 

2 
CI 

2 

00 

a 

C 
o 

< 

1945-46  

1946-47  

1947-48  

1948-49  

1949-50  

1950-51  

1951-52  

1952-53  

1953-54  

1954-55  

10,575 
11,314 
11,726 
11,433 
12,806 
14,943 
15,489 
13,292 
12,939 
16,409 

6,313 
10,320 
11,013 
11,471 
12,798 
14,025 
15,704 
14,793 
15,034 
17,069 

7,387 
4,783 
8,773 
10,001 
10,763 
11,771 
13,365 
14,899 
15,052 
16,477 

9,050 

7,233 

2,563 

8,490 

9,428 

10,608 

11,433 

12,627 

13,699 

14,931 

738 

462 

639 

841 

895 

1,216 

990 

1,239 

1,462 

1,688 

238 

290 
2,671 

204 
34 
82 

122 
98 
71 

129 

105 
405 
233 
186 
293 
574 
507 
488 
589 
482 

4,117 
4,093 
3,121 
3,133 
3,487 
3,880 
3,983 
3,951 
4,286 
4,975 

2,481 
2,404 
2,311 
1,361 
1,650 
1,946 
2,136 
1,942 
2,059 
2,195 

899 

1,124 

1,348 

450 

522 

849 

839 

808 

954 

1,316 

43 
28 
53 
20 
41 

53 

41 
103 

84 
40 
32 

13 
54 
35 
63 

252 

233 

26 

14 

23 
33 

BY  COUNTY,  1954-55 


Allegany .... 
Anne  Arundel 
Baltimore.  .  . 

Calvert 

Caroline  .... 

Carroll 

Cecil 

Charles 

Dorchester.  . 
Frederick  .  .  . 

Garrett 

Harford  .... 
Howard  .... 

Kent 

Montgomery 

Pr.  George's. 
Queen  Anne's 
St.  Mary's  .  . 
Somerset.  .  .  . 
Talbot 


Washington 
Wicomico .  . 
Worcester.  . 


1,299 

1,270 

1,138 

1,953 

1,609 

1,303 

4,918 

4,169 

3,819 

56 

127 

80 

239 

255 

182 

798 

684 

657 

596 

522 

471 

335 

248 

232 

359 

293 

241 

469 

125 

418 

418 

412 

207 

1,014 

752 

710 

412 

367 

342 

168 

178 

146 

14 

2,718 

1,688 

769 

775 

2,524 

202 

183 

135 

184 

173 

195 

208 

209 

155 

224 

246 

180 

972 

1,082 

1,041 

544 

437 

438 

258 

235 

175 

1,187 

1,146 

2,375 

102 

219 

537 
368 

208 
209 

748 

312 
572 
272 
120 
1,975 

2,378 
143 
168 
152 
141 

1,111 

288 
200 


40 

83 

929 

27 


45 


159 
162 


86 


40 


30 
60 

185 


207 


444 

291 

858 

38 

79 

170 

127 

50 

53 

356 

95 

183 

51 

25 

886 

637 
42 
45 
54 
48 

268 
150 
25 


243 

79 

393 

36 

86 
68 
29 
55 
185 

46 
57 
28 
31 
260 

226 
35 
23 
14 
35 

119 

72 
75 


49 

157 

51 

9 

34 

27 

33 

57 
23 

50 

44 

185 

39 
39 
15 

324 

25 


103 


63 


33 


*  Excludes  withdrawals  for  removal,  transfer,  death  or  commitment  to  an  institution. 
t  Includes  pupils  taking  Core  as  shown  by  school  in  TABLE  XXIX. 
t  Offered  for  the  first  time  in  1942-43  as  pre-induction  courses. 


Maryland  State  Department  of  Education 


103 


TABLE  39 

Colored  Pupils  Enrolled*  in  Various  Branches  of  Science:     Maryland  County  High 
Schools:     by  Year,  1948-55,  and  by  County,  Year  Ending  June  30,  1955 


Year  and 

County 


Science 

01 

u 

u 

3J 

c 

c 

e 

01 

a 

a 

w 

& 

_0) 

T 

w 

C 

O 

^ 

■3 

.2 

E 

0 

Xi 

j: 

C 

o 

a 

Q. 

a; 

c: 

t- 

00 

O 

(S 

Oi 

<: 

0 

CLi 

w 

1947-48 
1948-49 
1949-50 
1950-51 
1951-62 
1952-53 
1953-54 
1954-55 


1.353 

1,864 

1,409 

664 

26 

243 

639 

298 

241 

1,543 

1.911 

1,544 

1,265 

78 

89 

549 

156 

279 

1,741 

2.167 

1.528 

1,190 

57 

157 

581 

307 

92 

1,557 

1,733 

1.919 

1.673 

130 

201 

771 

403 

172 

2,241 

2.230 

2.128 

1.553 

225 

250 

697 

356 

123 

1,965 

2.166 

2,398 

1.612 

310 

103 

679 

379 

57 

1,915 

2.203 

2.664 

1,881 

367 

186 

613 

261 

170 

2,110 

2,366 

2,771 

1,855 

323 

295 

706 

295 

95 

181 
33 
61 
92 
19 
50 
22 


BY  COUNTY,  1954-55 


Allegany 

Anne  Arundel.  . 

Baltimore 

Calvert 

Caroline 

Carroll 

Cecil  

Charles 

Dorchester  . . .  . 
Frederick  

Garrett 

Harford 

Howard 

Kent 

Montgomery   .  . 

Prince  George's 
Queen  Anne's.  . 
St.  Mary's  .  .  .  . 

Somerset 

Talbot 

Washington  .  .  . 

Wicomico 

Worcester 


19 

338 

151 

73 

52 
47 
227 
39 
46 


82 

85 

126 

106 

122 

37 
165 
162 


22 

337 

127 

77 

37 

45 

224 

142 

105 


50 

87 

84 

224 

53 

67 

99 

145 

109 

33 
159 

140 


26 

16 

364 

232 

288 

209 

93 

89 

76 

53 

44 

35 

35 

28 

140 

140 

123 

106 

88 

46 

ios 

•75 

91 

56 

.58 

47 

175 

26 

458 

232 

74 

31 

93 

63 

112 

81 

84 

70 

31 

18 

100 

121 

115 

81 

146 


124 


42 


129 


16 


25 


*  Excludes  withdrawals  for  removal,  transfer,  death,  or  commitment  to  an  institution, 
t  Includes  pupils  taking  Core  as  shown  by  school  in  TABLE  XXIX. 
t  If  given  in  other  than  7th  and/or  8th  grades. 


104 


Eighty-Ninth  Annual  Report 


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■  to    -to-^      N    -tOOJOS 
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■•«<        ,-c*.H,-l05        OOr-l 


oomO'^io     ■^oO'#<c->*     Oios'^oseo     ^foo 

01 10  CO  r-l  ■«)<       TtMMi-c^       .-i»,H       O       tOiH 


M«ot>^o     eo'^-Hosm     (ooit-t-to     essoin 

«CO»u5MU5       •»?  10  rf  T)" --       '•rcACOtaOi       N»H,-( 


M«t-»«0       --tO'»fOi»-l      TfoOst-tD       t-m«t-'^       t>ow 
«ot>xe<3Tfi     Tfo^w*     Tfoowwji      «eteu5"<fn     t-co 


Nreoiin-H     000000 
tctoos     i-i     COM     1-iec 


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OMt^OO       W(35(J!Oa>       NO»IN»CJ       Ot~0>05U5       t-i-lt- 


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1,271 

1,609 

4,169 

127 

256 

Tf  ^  t~  •>)•  CO 

00  IM  Tf  OS  CC 
to  U5MC4  05 

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CO_^-*OJ 

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Maryland  State  Department  of  Education 


105 


TABLE  41 

Colored  Pupils  Enrolled*  in  Various  Branches  of  Mathematics  and  Business 

Education:     Maryland  County  High  Schools:     by  Year,  1948-55,  and  by 

County,  Year  Ending  June  30,  1955 


Year  and 
County 


Mathematics 

s 

cd 

« 

a) 

E 

"0 

03 

cS 

rs-C 

o 

6 

JS 

j= 

t> 

oc 

O 

m 

1 
> 

03 

E 

? 

>. 

C  M 

«  o 

E 

13  73 

o  — 

0)  Cj; 

o 

1 

M  0. 

El-ti 

E-i 

> 

O 

1947-48 1,612 

1948-49 1,819 

1949-50 1,995 

1950-51 2,471 

1951-52 2,877 

1952-53 3,069 

1953-54 3,306 

1954-55 3,321 


1,962 

1,222 

2,229 

1,396 

2,331 

1,467 

2,500 

1,459 

2,823 

1,742 

2,928 

2,186 

3,124 

2,450 

3,293 

2,490 

195 
123 
187 
382 
116 
172 
151 
72 


P21 
1,001 
1.028 
1,153 

959 
1,010 
1,223 
1,348 


319 

58 

344 

356 

422 

311 

35 

329 

176 

380 

330 

14 

394 

145 

556 

449 

19 

325 

513 

584 

287 

79 

353 

551 

632 

311 

96 

451 

324 

354 

439 

131 

438 

216 

387 

451 

144 

465 

386 

482 

229 

386 

474 

656 

897 

1,016 

1,416 

1,627 


BY  COUNTY,  1954-55 


Allegany 

Anne  Arundel.  . 

Baltimore 

Calvert 

Caroline 

Carroll 

Cecil 

Charles 

Dorchester 

Frederick 

Garrett 

Harford 

Howard 

Kent 

Montgomery.  .  . 

Prince  George's. 
Queen  Anne's  .  . 

St.  Mary's 

Somerset 

Talbot 

Washington .  .  .  . 

Wicomico 

Worcester 


19 

23 

26 

14 

451 

399 

360 

225 

74 

47 

96 

338 

337 

288 

65 

62 

67 

44 

151 

127 

67 

39 

7 

25 

74 

77 

55 

38 

12 

9 

21 

18 

52 

37 

38 

6 

26 

17 

47 

45 

35 

14 

53 

228 

226 

197 

37 

36 

20 

41 

118 

16 

39 

142 

123 

30 

24 

79 

46 

105 

88 

12 

5 

11 

lie 

lio 

103 

20 

26 

ie 

48 

94 

87 

65 

66 

84 

84 

30 

48 

30 

27 

222 

224 

147 

59 

27 

75 

50 

514 

519 

403 

10 

260 

29 

9 

68 

147 

85 

67 

74 

25 

20 

4 

66 

126 

99 

93 

17 

33 

24 

14 

149 

145 

112 

82 

17 

53 

19 

122 

108 

58 

65 

17 

47 

37 

33 

57 

6 

165 

159 

37 

152 

52 

54 

162 

140 

91 

51 

12 

38 

165 

186 

65 

68 

76 
17 

140 
74 

103 


34 
118 

80 

257 

22 

35 

27 
79 
81 


*  Excludes  withdrawals  for  removal,  transfer,  death,  or  commitment  to  an  institution. 

t  Includes  pupils  taking  shorthand,  typing,  bookkeeping,  and  business  training.     Also  see  TABLE  37. 


106 


Eighty-Ninth  Annual  Report 


TABLE  42— White  Pupils  Enrolled*  in  the  Foreign  Languages :     Maryland  County 
High  Schools:     Years  Ending  June  30,  1946  to   1955 


Year  Ending 

Latin 

French 

Spanish 

June  30 

Boys 

Girls 

Boys 

Girls 

Boys 

Girls 

1946 

1947 

1948 

1949 

1950 

1,721 
1,412 
1,282 
1,364 
1,684 
1,575 
1,563 
1,727 
1,919 
2,057 

2,629 
2,227 
2,042 
2,086 
2,436 
2,369 
2,437 
2,476 
2,694 
2,816 

915 

903 

832 

786 

937 

968 

1,008 

1,117 

1,411 

1,658 

1,738 
1,652 
1,541 
1,295 
1,356 
1,492 
1,468 
1,521 
1,991 
2,218 

446 

526 

455 

559 

720 

792 

927 

1,071 

1,238 

1,349 

743 
712 
623 

745 
854 

1951 

1952 

1953 

1954 

1955 

949 
1,001 

999 
1,216 
1,381 

TABLE  43 — Colored  Pupils  Enrolled*  in  the  Foreign  Languages :   Maryland  County 
High  Schools :     by  Year,  1948-55,  and  by  County,  Year  Ending  June  30,  1955 


Latin 

French 

Spanish 

Year  and 

County 

Boys 

Girls 

Boys 

Girls 

Boys 

Girls 

1947-48 

23 

29 

22 

59 

1 

20 

1948-49 

16 

18 

45 

103 

4 

36 

1949-50 

22 

28 

90 

106 

13 

32 

1950-51 

28 

49 

63 

136 

25 

68 

1951-52 

30 

43 

78 

137 

31 

90 

1952-53 

33 

40 

130 

186 

25 

88 

1953-54 

46 

81 

196 

292 

21 

111 

1954-55 

39 

54 

156 

304 

44 

151 

BY  COUNTY,  1954-55 


Anne  Arundel 
Baltimore  .  .  . 

Calvert 

Charles 

Dorchester  .  . 

Howard 

Kent 

Montgomery . 
Prince  George' 
Queen  Anne's 

Talbot 

Washington  . 
Wicomico  .  .  . 
Worcester  . .  . 


24 
9 


28 
11 


34 
23 
5 
17 
24 

14 
13 


53 
56 
11 
54 
24 

10 
22 
26 


19 


25 


*  Excludes  withdrawals  for  removal,  transfer,  death,  or  commitment  to  an  institution, 
elude  duplicates,  if  there  are  any. 

For  1955  enrollment  in  individual  high  schools  see  TABLE  XXIX. 


Figures  in- 


Maryland  State  Department  op  Education 


107 


TABLE  44— White  Pupils  Enrolled*  in  Industrial  Work,  Agriculture,  and    Home 
Economics :     Maryland  County  High  Schools :     Years  Ending  June  30,  1946  to  1955 


Year  Ending 
June  30 


1946 
1947 
1948 
1949 
1950 
1951 
1952 
1953 
1954 
1955 


Industrial 


12,964 
14,090 
15,414 
17,744 
21,619 
24,739 
25,988 
28.479 
30,736 
33,455 


Education 


1,134 
1,227 
1,119 
982 
1,488 
1,538 
1,499 
1,332 
1,503 
1,529 


Agricultitre 


1,779 
2,110 
2,629 
2,822 
3,199 
4,174 
3,480 
2,965 
2,988 
2,805 


Home    Economics 

General 

Vocational 

14.093 

2,664 

14,833 

2,261 

16,165 

1,596 

16,707 

2,300 

18,989 

2,532 

20,667 

2,566 

23,399 

2,032 

24,963 

1,829 

27,472 

1,254 

29,482 

2,025 

TABLE  45 — Colored  Pupils  Enrolled*  in  Industrial  Work,  Agriculture,  and   Home 

Economics :     Maryland  County  High  Schools :     by  Year,  1948-55,  and  by  County, 

Year  Ending  June  30,  1955 


Year  and 

Industrial 

Agriculture 

Home    Economics 

Arts 

Education 

General 

Vocational 

1948 

1949  

1,533 
1,599 
2,099 
2,815 
3,567 
3,635 
3,871 
4,354 

221 
282 
204 
341 
269 
390 
512 
505 

1,084 
1,247 
1,083 
1,265 
1,023 
990 
981 
1,042 

2,277 
2,533 
2,929 
3,333 
3,538 
3.927 
4,463 
4,323 

1,068 
1.275 
1,023 
1,168 
1,130 
999 
725 

1950  

1951    

1952   

1953   

1954   

1955 

952 

BY  COUNTY,  1954-55 


Allegany 

Anne  Arundel  . 

Baltimore 

Calvert 

Caroline 

Carroll 

Cecil 

Charles 

Dorchester.  .  .  . 
Frederick 

Garrett 

Harford 

Howard 

Kent 

Montgomery  . . 

Prince  George's 
Queen  Anne's  . 
St.  Mary's.  .  .  . 

Somerset 

Talbot 

Washington .  .  . 

Wicomico 

Worcester 


26 

288 

519 

75 

92 

92 

96 

316 

169 

164 


245 
130 
133 
267 

639 
122 
56 
216 
166 

S3 
247 
213 


23 
167 
44 


171 
100 


60 


53 
53 


166 
68 


84 
28 
16 

139 
70 
99 

46 


65 
95 


21 
431 
447 
187 

69 

64 

63 

166 

130 

102 


205 
129 
110 
269 

769 
113 
87 
204 
155 

73 
333 
196 


17 
188 
27 
73 
41 

37 
29 
57 
61 
45 


36 
31 
31 

110 
38 
62 

38 


31 


*  Excludes  withdrawals  for  removal,  transfer,  death,  or  commitment  to  an  institution, 
duplicates,  if  any. 

For  1955  enrollment  in  individual  schools  see  TABLE  XXIX. 


Includes 


108 


Eighty-Ninth  Annual  Report 


TABLE  46— White  Pupils  Enrolled*  in  Music,  Art,  and  Physical   Education: 
Maryland  County  High  Schools:     Years  Ending  June  30,  1946  to    1955 


Year  Ending 

Music 

June  30 

Boys 

Girls 

1946 

1947 

1948 

1949 

1950 

1951 

1952 

1953 

1954 

1955 

15,304 
16,777 
19,624 
21,929 
23,800 
26,806 
28,275 
29,325 
30,811 
32,667 

18,981 
20,114 
22,866 
24,141 
26,374 
29,276 
30,650 
31,470 
32,788 
34,359 

Art 

Physical  Education 

Boys 

Girls 

Boys 

Girls 

7,104 

7,564 

20,211 

21,212 

8,745 

8.623 

22,517 

22,585 

10,058 

10,058 

24,631 

24,414 

10,471 

10,435 

27,211 

26,769 

11,940 

11,513 

30,049 

29,236 

12,889 

12,853 

34,094 

32,955 

15,339 

15,253 

35,768 

34,101 

16,769 

16,327 

38,375 

35,954 

18,548 

17,574 

40,727 

37,927 

21,362 

20,275 

45,254 

41,423 

TABLE  47 — Colored    Pupils    Enrolled*   in    Music,    Art,    and    Physical    Education; 

Maryland  County  High  Schools:     by  Year,  1948-55,  and  by  County,  Year 

Ending  June  30,  1955 


BY  COUNTY,  1954-55 


Year  and 

Music 

Art 

Physical  Education 

County 

Boys 

Girls 

Boys 

Girls 

Boys 

Girls 

1948 

3,017 
3,322 
3,552 
4,624 
4,951 
5,063 
5,313 
5,696 

3,584 
3,844 
4,051 
5,133 
5,421 
5,310 
5,470 
5,655 

823 
1,217 
1,301 
1,601 
1,656 
1,742 
2,094 
2,005 

777 
1,054 
1,166 
1,712 
1,732 
1,716 
1,842 
1,812 

3,154 
3,717 
4,147 
5,046 
5,409 
5,710 
6,095 
6,411 

3,503 

1949 

1950 

1951 

1952 

1953 

1954 

1955 

4,354 
4,504 
5,656 
6,004 
6.271 
6,270 
6,653 

Allegany 

Anne  Arundel .  . 

Baltimore 

Calvert 

Caroline 

42 
691 
754 
199 
174 

Carroll 

Cecil 

Charles 

Dorchester  .... 
Frederick 

99 

37 

309 

156 

160 

Garrett 

Harford 

Howard 

Kent 

286 
177 
147 

Montgomery.  .  . 

187 

Prince  George's 
Queen  Anne's .  . 

St.  Mary's 

Somerset 

Talbot .     . 

756 
187 
215 
237 
174 

Washington  .  .  . 

Wicomico 

Worcester 

82 
305 
322 

41 

740 
710 
216 
176 

112 
45 
333 
139 
169 


245 
165 
142 
168 

796 
180 
213 
200 
211 

74 
308 
272 


460 

509 

120 

30 

7 

57 

22 

25 

92 

608 

22 

53 


246 
472 

43 

11 

134 

24 

36 

134 
637 

27 


657 
774 
217 
179 

99 
100 
365 
266 
191 


286 
221 
162 
266 

910 
187 
228 
335 
180 

82 
372 
326 


11 
810 
743 
223 
175 

112 
101 

385 
240 
201 


245 
198 
150 
399 

1,039 
180 
224 
293 
238 

68 
342 
276 


*  Excludes  withdrawals  for  removal,  transfer,  death,  or  commitment  to  an  institution, 
duplicates,  if  any. 

For  1955  enrollment  in  individual  high  schools  see  TABLE  XXIX. 


Includes 


Maryland  State  Department  of  Education 


109 


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Maryland  State  Department  of  Education 


111 


TABLE  50 — Enrollment  in  Driver  Education  and  Training :     Maryland  County  High 
Schools:     Year  Ending  June  30,  1955 


County 

Enrollment  in  Driver 
Education  and  Training 

County 

Enrollment  in  Driver 
Education  and  Training 

Total 

Boys 

Girls 

Total 

Boys 

Girts 

WHITE  ENROLLMENT 


Total 

Allegany.  .  .  . 
Anne  Arundel 
Baltimore  .  .  . 

Caroline 

Carroll 

Cecil 

Dorchester  .  . 
Garrett 


5,456 

2,309 

3,147 

406 

184 

222 

396 

182 

214 

836 

333 

503 

104 

55 

49 

90 

39 

51 

173 

49 

124 

118 

54 

64 

133 

42 

91 

Harford 

Howard 

Kent 

Montgomery  .  . 
Prince  George's 
St.  Mary's  .  .  .  . 

Talbot 

Washington  .  .  . 

Wicomico 

Worcester 


339 

157 

166 

63 

87 

46 

503 

203 

954 

404 

209 

99 

102 

39 

330 

111 

332 

164 

178 

85 

182 
103 

41 
300 
550 
110 

63 
219 
168 

93 


COLORED  ENROLLMENT 


Total 

Allegany .... 
Anne  Arundel 

Carroll 

Cecil 

Harford 


666 

332 

334 

26 

15 

11 

64 

39 

25 

26 

13 

13 

27 

14 

13 

25 

13 

12 

Howard 

Kent 

Montgomery  .  . 
Prince  George's 

Talbot 

Wicomico 

Worcester 


95 

55 

43 

22 

26 

2 

158 

76 

39 

17 

112 

66 

25 

10 

40 
21 
24 
82 
22 
56 
15 


112 


Eighty-Ninth  Annual  Report 


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Counties:       1949 
1950 
1951 
1952 
1953 
1954 
1955 

Total  Number:  1949 
1950 
1951 
1952 
1953 
1954 
1955 

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M.^RYLAND  State  Department  of  Education 


113 


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Per  Cent  in  Total 
Counties:       1949 
1950 
1951 
19.52 
1953 
1954 
1955 

Total  Number:  1949 
1950 
1951 
1952 
1953 
1954 
1955 

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114 


Eighty-Ninth  Annual  Report 


2 

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Counties:       1949 
1950 
1951 
1952 
1953 
1954 
1955 

Total  Number:  1949 
1950 
1951 
1952 
1953 
1954 
1955 

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Marvland  State  Department  of  Education 


115 


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1952 
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1954 
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Total  Number:1949 
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1954 
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117 


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Per  Cent  in  Total 
Counties:          1948 
1949 
1950 
1951 
1952 
1953 
1954 
1955 

Total  Number:    1948 
1949 
1950 
1951 
1952 
1953 
1954 
1955 

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118 


Eighty-Ninth  Annual  Report 


TABLE  57 — Number  of  Students  in  Maryland  Colleges  Who  Prepared  to  Qualify  for  Standard 
Teaching  Certificates  in  Maryland:     1952-1955 


1952* 

1953* 

1954* 

1955* 

Type  of  Certificate 

White 

Colored 

White 

Colored 

White 

Colored 

White 

Colored 

Grand  Total 

679 

171 

681 

150 

607 

169 

588 

269 

NxjRSERY  School  and 
Kindergarten 

38 
224 

73 

44 
253 

86 

35 
236 

88 

34 
219 

Elementary 

120  Semester  hours 

108 

Junior  High  (Core) 

73 

78 

78 

10 

74 

11 

High  School 

Total  High  School 

344 

98 

306 

64 

258 

71 

261 

150 

Agriculture 

10 
21 
9 
57 
16 

19 

27 

U 
30 

40 
14 

21 
2 
5 
2 

1 
56 

5 

3 

15 

2 

9 
2 

9 
9 

13 
5 

i 

1 
24 

12 
21 
9 
42 
13 

23 

28 

is 

34 

31 
11 

ii 

4 

1 

3 

50 

1 

3 
6 

8 
4 

5 

7 

6 
3 

2 

is 

7 
19 

7 
37 
13 

ii 

19 

ii 

37 

24 
11 

io 

46 

5 
2 
7 
9 
5 

4 

3 
5 

15 
2 

2 

1 

ii 

5 
21 
11 
32 
8 
1 
18 
14 

17 
33 

23 
15 

9 
5 

49 

6 

Art 

Commerce 

19 

15 

Foreign  Language  (any) 
Health 

6 

Home  Economics 

Industrial  Arts 

Library  Science 

Mathematics 

7 
2 

6 

Music 

Physical  Education: 
Men 

12 
15 

Women 

Science: 

All  Sciences 

General  Science 

Biology 

Chemistry 

Physics 

Social  Sciences 

7 

7 
1 
2 

45 

*  Calendar  year. 

Note:     Each  student  is  counted  only  once  (in  his  first  major). 


Maryland  State  Department  of  Education 


119 


TABLE  58 


-County  Teachers  in  Service  October,  1954,  Who  Attended  Summer  Schools  and 
Evening  Classes :     Spring  and  Summer  1954 


Teachers  in  Service  Oct.  1954  Who 
Attended  School  in  1954 

School  Attended 

Number  of  Teachers 

County 

Total 
Num- 
ber 

Number 

Per  Cent 

Elem.  High 

Elem. 

High 

Total 

Elem. 

High 

WHITE   COUNTY  TEACHERS 


Total  White 

Allegany 

Anne  Arundel  . 
Baltimore  .... 

Calvert 

Caroline 

Carroll 

Cecil 

Charles 

Dorchester.  .  .  . 
Frederick 

Garrett 

Harford 

Howard 

Kent 

Montgomery .  . 

Prince  George's 
Queen  Anne's  . 
St.  Mary's.  .  .  . 

Somerset 

Talbot 

Washington .  .  . 

Wicomico 

Worcester     ... 


2,160 

1,269 

891 

22  2 

19.9 

62 

24 

38 

8.1 

12  2 

138 

97 

41 

19.7 

12  4 

413 

269 

144 

23.4 

17.9 

16 

9 

7 

25.7 

21  9 

26 

14 

12 

22.2 

18.2 

52 

26 

26 

15  5 

15  7 

48 

25 

23 

15.8 

18  7 

29 

14 

15 

20.6 

22.7 

11 

4 

7 

5.4 

9  6 

50 

26 

24 

13.5 

12.4 

60 

37 

23 

38.9 

28  7 

45 

30 

15 

12.4 

8.6 

40 

14 

26 

15.9 

27.4 

17 

7 

10 

15.9 

21  3 

641 

381 

260 

39.0 

39.6 

269 

160 

109 

18  8 

17.7 

27 

14 

13 

28.0 

25  5 

8 

5 

3 

7.2 

7.0 

15 

9 

6 

17  0 

12.5 

13 

7 

6 

13  0 

11.8 

130 

71 

59 

23.1 

20  1 

27 

14 

13 

11.8 

13  4 

23 

12 

11 

18  7 

16  9 

Total 

University  of  Maryland 

Towson  S.  T.  College 

George  Washington  University 
Johns  Hopkins  University.  .  .  . 

Shepherd  S.  T.  College 

Western  Maryland  College.  .  . 

Columbia  University 

University  of  Delaware 

West  Virginia  University 

American  University 

Pennsylvania  State  College.  .  . 

Catholic  University 

Loyola  College    

Fairmont  Teachers  College.    . 

Wilson  Teachers  College 

University  of  Colorado 

Temple  University 

University  of  Pittsburgh 

S.  T.  College,  California,  Penn. 

Syracuse  University 

Boston  University 

Bucknell  University 

University  of  Maine 

George  Peabody  College 

University  of  \'irginia 

New  York  University 

One  Hundred  Thirty  Others.  . 


2,160 

1,269 

897 

528 

143 

137 

142 

83 

118 

84 

77 

66 

74 

37 

60 

28 

52 

38 

52 

14 

42 

19 

38 

13 

34 

5 

24 

8 

22 

18 

17 

17 

15 

2 

12 

5 

11 

4 

10 

6 

10 

3 

9 

4 

9 

9 

3 

8 

3 

8 

4 

7 

260 

140 

COLORED  COUNTY  TEACHERS 


Total  Colored .  .  . 

Allegany   

Anne  Arundel . 
Baltimore   .... 

Calvert 

Caroline 

Carroll 

Cecil 

Charles 

Dorchester.  .  .  . 
Frederick 

Garrett 

Harford 

Howard 

Kent 

Montgomery .  . 

Prince  George's 
Queen  Anne's  . 
St.  Mary's.  .  .  . 

Somerset 

Talbot 

Washington .  .  . 

Wicomico 

Worcester  .... 


388 

183 

205 

22  6 

30  1 

1 

1 

16  7 

43 

26 

17 

25.7 

23  6 

48 

20 

28 

24.4 

39  4 

17 

6 

11 

16  7 

44  0 

12 

4 

8 

23.5 

44  4 

6 

2 

4 

25.0 

33  3 

2 

1 

1 

11.1 

9.1 

20 

11 

9 

18.3 

19  1 

16 

8 

8 

24  2 

32.0 

11 

5 

6 

25.0 

35  3 

16 

'  8 

'  8 

40 !  6 

29^6 

6 

2 

4 

10  0 

20.0 

5 

3 

2 

18.7 

11  1 

43 

28 

15 

50.0 

28.8 

34 

15 

19 

11  3 

17.6 

13 

5 

8 

26.3 

44.4 

16 

6 

10 

25.0 

45.5 

23 

9 

14 

28.1 

46.7 

16 

8 

8 

30.8 

33.3 

6 

2 

4 

33.3 

44.4 

18 

9 

9 

21.9 

30.0 

16 

5 

11 

11.4 

57.9 

New  York  University 

Morgan  State  College 

Columbia  University 

1   Temple  University 

Catholic  University 

Howard  University 

Johns  Hopkins  University 

American  University 

Pennsylvania  State  College 

University  of  Maryland 

Virginia  State  College 

University  of  Pennsylvania 

Boston  University 

Syracuse  University 

University  of  Pittsburgh 

Tuskegee  Institute 

Loyola  College 

University  of  Delaware 

University  of  Southern  California 

Cornell  University 

Hampton  Institute 

Ohio  State  University 

Thirty-Five  Others 


388 

183 

90 

50 

52 

45 

33 

13 

30 

18 

19 

10 

13 

3 

13 

3 

12 

3 

11 

1 

10 

7 

9 

2 

8 

3 

5 

1 

5 

2 

5 

3 

4 

2 

3 

3 

3 

3 

1 

2 

2 

1 

2 

54 

12 

120 


Eighty-Ninth  Annual  Report 


TABLE  59 — Number    of   Certificates    Issued    to    Maryland    Teachers,    Principals, 

Administrative  and  Supervisory  Personnel  in  the  County  Schools  by  the 

Maryland  State  Department  of  Education :     1952-53,  1953-54,  1954-55 


Grade  of  Certificate 


Total  Number  of  Certificates  Issued. 


Administration  and  Supervision 

Administration  and  Supervision 

High  School  Supervision 

Elementary  Supervision 

Supervisor  of  Pupil  Personnel  I 

Supervision  of  Pupil  Personnel  II 

Supervisor  of  Special  Subjects 

Supervisor  or  Director  in  Special  Areas. 
Visiting  Teacher 


County  Librarian . 


High  School 

Principal 

Academic 

Special 

Vocational 

Junior  High  School 

Nonpublic 

Permits — Foreign  Exchange  Teachers. 


Elementary 

Principal 

Bachelor  of  Science  in  Elementary  Education .  . 

Bachelor  of  Science  in  Special  Subjects 

Bachelor  of  Science  for  Kindergarten  Teaching. 

Advanced  First  Grade 

Nonpublic  Bachelor  of  Science 


Emergency  Certificates 
Degree 

High  School  Teaching 

Elementary  School  Teaching . 

Nondegree 

High  School  Teaching 

Elementary  School  Teaching . 


Provisional  Certificates . 


Substitute  Teachers'  Certificates 

Degree 

Nondegree 


Number  of  Certificates  Issued 


1952-53  1953-54  1954-55 


2,882 


12 
370 
252 

54 
101 

49 


24 

577 

43 

28 

5 

25 


322 
592 


14 
276 


39 


31 
32 


3,112 


4 

364 

239 

70 

78 

47 

1 


46 
552 
44 
49 
15 
18 


325 
691 


31 

377 


59 


25 
32 


3,679 


11 


16 
452 
333 
40 
90 
51 


48 
648 
52 
58 
5 
28 


479 
740 


23 
460 


44 


39 
32 


Maryland  State  Department  of  Education 


121 


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Maryland  State  Department  of  Education 


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128 


Eighty-Ninth  Annual  Report 


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Maryland  State  Department  of  Education 


129 


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130 


Eighty-Ninth  Annual  Report 


TABLE  69 
Number  and  Per  Cent  of  New  Teachers:     Maryland  County  Schools:     1946-1955 


New  to  Counties 


Number 


Per  Cent 


Increase 

in 
Number 

of 
Teaching 
Positions 
October 

to 
October 


Number  New  to  County  Who  Were 


experi- 
enced 


Sub- 
stitutes 

and 
Unknown 


Experienced 


But 

New 


State 


In 

Counties 
But  Not 
Teaching 
Preced- 
ing Year 


From 
An- 
other 
Countyt 


WHITE  ELEMENTARY  SCHOOL  TEACHERS 


1945-46 

621 

22.7 

—52 

159 

85 

219 

157 

a50 

1946-47 

712 

25.3 

79 

145 

106 

279 

181 

a50 

1947-48 

586 

19.6 

181 

127 

57 

244 

154 

d59 

1948-49 

646 

20.5 

148 

151 

26 

309 

157 

c59 

1949-50 

692 

20.3 

264 

264 

21 

267 

136 

d43 

1950-51 

831 

22.7 

250 

350 

15 

303 

157 

f58 

1951-52 

1,068 

25.8 

478 

447 

10 

399 

206 

f95 

1952-53 

1,148 

25.1 

437 

509 

2 

463 

163 

glOO 

1953-54 

1,491 

29.3 

522 

614 

32 

549 

283 

h95 

1954-55 

1,574 

27.6 

612 

643 

23 

692 

198 

jll6 

WHITE  HIGH  SCHOOL  TEACHERS 


1945-46 

779 

^7.0 

286 

240 

51 

302 

186 

50 

1946-47 

763 

33.4 

193 

298 

53 

278 

131 

c57 

1947-48 

675 

26.7 

239 

259 

22 

280 

112 

b38 

1948-49 

605 

22.4 

168 

281 

25 

239 

58 

b57 

1949-50 

722 

24.6 

242 

431 

7 

207 

76 

a52 

1950-51 

912 

27.4 

394 

603 

17 

223 

68 

a53 

1951-52 

943 

26.0 

289 

545 

1 

312 

79 

fl04 

1952-53 

907 

23.7 

200 

513 

3 

295 

91 

el04 

1953-54 

980 

24.0 

260 

508 

10 

322 

137 

c98 

1954-55 

1,196 

26.7 

399 

562 

15 

447 

157 

il23 

COLORED  ELEMENTARY  SCHOOL  TEACHERS 


1945-46 

108 
104 

18.2 
17.0 

—10 
18 

48 
45 

13 

8 

20 
19 

27 
32 

18 

1946-47 

6 

1947-48 

71 

11.7 

—5 

50 

3 

8 

10 

6 

1948-49 

97 

15.1 

35 

53 

4 

12 

27 

a9 

1949-50 

71 

10.9 

11 

38 

11 

22 

4 

1950-51 

76 

11.5 

8 

39 

5 

14 

18 

6 

1951-52 

94 

13.6 

32 

52 

3 

18 

21 

11 

1952-53 

84 

11.5 

27 

53 

20 

10 

all 

1953-54 

103 
103 

13.4 
12.7 

46 
40 

56 
64 

i 

18 
12 

29 
26 

9 

1954-55 

5 

COLORED  HIGH  SCHOOL  TEACHERS 


1945-46 

96 
104 
110 

98 
102 
153 
139 
111 
138 
138 

37.0 
35.3 
32.3 
26,0 
24.2 
29.8 
24.5 
18.5 
21.4 
20.3 

43 
35 
46 
36 
44 
93 
53 
33 
46 
35 

59 
64 
65 
56 
68 
93 
91 
72 
69 
61 

7 

1 
2 
2 

1 

i 

2 

1 

15 
23 
29 
26 
24 
42 
37 
30 
46 
44 

14 
16 
14 
14 

9 
18 
11 

7 
20 
30 

al2 

1946-47 

3 

1947-48 

4 

1948-49 

5 

1949-50 

6 

1950-51 

10 

1951-52 

11 

1952-53 

all 

1953-54 

alO 

1954-55 

bl4 

*  Teachers  are  classified  as  "unknown"  when  their  former  teaching  experience  has  not  been  established, 
t  Excluded  from  total  number  and  per  cent  new  to  counties. 

Transfers  from  Baltimore  City  are  included  in  the  total  number  and  per  cent  as  follows:     a-1;  b-2; 
c-3;  d-4;  e-5;  f-6;  g-11;  h-13;  i-15;  i-18. 


Maryland  State  Department  of  Education 


131 


TABLE  70 

Number  and  Per  Cent  of  Teachers  New  to  the  Schools  of  Each  Individual  County  of  Maryland 

During  the  School  Year  1954-55 


County 


New  to  County 


Num- 
ber 


Per 
Cent 


<-  c  ^ 
0,  0-5 

f^  ■"  *-* 

3  OO 

c  ^-^ 
■~  c  >- 


Number  New  to  County  Who  Were 


Un- 
known* 


Inexperienced 


From 
Mary- 
landt 


From 
Other 
Stateat 


Experienced 


But   New    to 

State  Public 

Schools]: 


From 
Mary- 
land 


From 
Other 
States 


OtJi 
j-OT 


11 


Total  State 3,586 

Baltimore  City  .  . 
Total  Counties  .  . 


Allegany 

Anne  Arundel 
Baltimore.  .  .  . 

Calvert 

Caroline 


Carroll 

Cecil , 

Charles.  .  . 
Dorchester . 
Frederick.  . 


Garrett 

Harford 

Howard 

Kent 

Montgomery. 


Prince  George's.  .  . 

Queen  Anne's 

St.  Mary's 

Somerset 

Talbot 


Washington . 
Wicomico.  . 
Worcester.  . 


666 

3,011 

72 

311 

570 

29 

35 

96 

104 

57 

19 

105 

35 

174 

62 

26 

580 

552 
28 
67 
30 
37 

107 
79 
59 


21.6 

13.5 

25.8 

11  6 
31.2 
27.1 
22.7 
21.3 

27.2 
34.5 
23.7 
9.3 
24.9 

20.0 
37.6 
27.8 
20.8 
33.3 


32.3 
20.3 
42.4 
18.4 
23.9 


17.4 
27.5 
30.7 


1,354 

268 

1,086 

15 
122 
228 

10 

2 

15 
33 
U 

2 
27 

—1 

61 

16 

6 

255 

177 

10 

17 

2 

3 

32 
33 

10 


40 

958 

751 

487 

283 

96 

17 

40 

675 

655 

470 

27 

4 

3 

2 

58 

99 

36 

180 

104 

56 

9 

5 

2 

1 

8 

6 

3 

3 

30 

14 

8 

1 

6 

29 

23 

13 

4 

8 

1 

5 

5 

2 

34 

9 

16 

5 

14 

3 

3 

33 

50 

17 

11 

6 

10 

1 

6 

5 

2 

6 

89 

90 

116 

8 

74 

143 

119 

8 

5 

1 

2 

17 

14 

11 

7 

7 

4 

3 

6 

8 

9 

28 

15 

8 

17 

13 

9 

1 

7 

8 

7 

832 
107 
725 


63 

93 

3 

9 

11 
27 
18 
2 
15 

7 

50 

15 

8 

198 

116 
5 

11 
4 

13 

18 
15 
16 


518 

107 

411 

21 
33 
71 


17 
15 
11 
3 
20 

4 
14 
11 

3 
30 

66 
4 
9 

5 
5 

20 
18 
15 


35 

1 

6 

14 


279 

56 

223 

8 
14 
52 

2 


2 
5 

8 
1 

48 

23 
5 
3 
3 
2 

9 

7 
5 


*  Teachers  are  classified  as  "unknown"  when  their  former  teaching  experience  has  not  been  established. 

t  At  each  level  teachers  whose  residence  could  not  be  determined  for  this  study  were  prorated  according  to  those 
teachers  at  the  same  level  about  whom  such  information  was  available. 

t  Includes  transfers  from  private  schools. 

°  "Transfers  from  one  county  to  another  are  excluded  from  the  total  and  percentage  for  counties  as  a  group,  but 
transfers  from  Baltimore  City  to  a  county  are  included  in  totals  and  percentages.  AH  transfers  are  excluded  from 
total  and  percentage  for  total  State. 


132 


Eighty-Ninth  Annual  Report 


TABLE  71 

Number    and    Per    Cent    of   Elementary    School    Teachers    New    to    the    Schools  of  Each 
Individual  County  of  Maryland  During  the  School  Year  1954-55 


County 


New  to 
County 


Num- 
ber 


Per 
Cent 


E.2-§ 

2  oO 
c^  o 

e  01  o 


Number  New  to  County  Who  Were 

Inexperienced 

Experienced 

But   New   to 

S 

State  Public 

1 

T3 

Schools 

°  S 

>. 

>> 

a 

C-wO"? 

Un- 

u 

S 

=^,5  cm 

O 

known* 

a 

J3 

•9 

CJ 

O  n  m2 

0) 

o 

S 

o 

cd 

w 

fcfc-S 

o 

eI 

OJ 

B 

E 

Sb 

Efe 

S  u  « 

6| 

o 

faS 

fe 

b 

feO 

feHHS 

bm 

fe<; 

Total  state 2,037 


Baltimore  City 
Total  Counties 


Allegany 

Anne  Arundel 
Baltimore .... 

Calvert 

Caroline 


Carroll .  .  .  . 

Cecil 

Charles  .  . 
Dorchester . 
Frederick .  . 


Garrett 

Harford 

Howard 

Kent 

Montgomery . 


Prince  George's. 
Queen  Anne's.  . . 

St.  Mary's 

Somerset 

Talbot 


Washington . 
Wicomico .  . 
Worcester.  . 


396 

1,677 

32 

192 

329 

14 

12 

35 
57 
26 
5 
49 

9 

97 

22 

10 

369 

343 
11 
35 
12 
13 

50 
37 
21 


21.8 

14.1 

25.7 

10.6 
32.3 
26.7 
19.7 
15.0 

19.9 
34.1 
20.3 
4.7 
23.1 

9.5 
37.0 
20.4 
16.7 
35.7 

34.9 
15.9 
37.6 
14.1 
16.3 

15.9 
23.1 
19.4 


782 

24 

595 

355 

300 

485 

130 

206 

37 

16 

65 

652 

24 

389 

318 

284 

420 

-2 

15 

1 

1 

81 

42 

61 

23 

41 

155 

105 

54 

33 

64 

5 

7 

3 

3 

5 

2 

1 

14 

13 

4 

4 

3 

29 

3 

12 

16 

14 

4 

9 

1 

5 

4 

2 

1 

1 

24 

2 

18 

3 

7 

8 

-4 

5 

1 

1 

37 

2 

21 

23 

9 

29 

5 

3 

4 

7 

0 

1 

2 

1 

1 

3 

146 

6 

53 

54 

71 

139 

98 

5 

45 

80 

82 

77 

6 

6 

2 

1 

9 

2 

10 

7 

7 

3 

2 

3 

1 

3 

0 

1 

1 

4 

4 

19 

5 

12 

4 

4 

9 

1 

6 

6 

4 

6 

18 

1 

4 

1 

3 

4 

278 

54 

224 

12 

15 

44 

3 

4 


18 


18 


121 

18 

103 


9 

21 

1 


4 

4 

1 

24 

14 
1 


*  Teachers  are  classified  as  "unknown"  when  their  former  teaching  experience  has  not  been  established, 

t  Teachers  whose  residence  could  not  be  determined  for  this  study  were  prorated  according  to  those  teachers  about 
whom  such  information  was  available. 

t  Includes  transfers  from  private  schools. 

°  Transfers  from  one  county  to  another  are  excluded  from  the  total  and  percentage  for  counties  as  a  group,  but 
transfers  from  Baltimore  City  to  a  county  are  included  in  totals  and  percentages.  All  transfers  are  excluded  from  total 
and  percentage  for  total  State. 


Maryland  State  Department  of  Education 


133 


TABLE  72 

Number  and  Per  Cent  of  White  Elementary  Teachers  New  to  the  Schools  of  Each  Individual 
County  of  Maryland  During  the  School  Year  1954-55 


County 


New  to 
County 


Num- 
ber 


Per 
Cent 


•1*   C   I- 

a « o 

c  <u  u 


Number  New  to  County  Who  Were 


Inexperienced 


Un- 
known* 


Total  State 

Baltimore  City  .  . 

Total  Counties  .  . 

Allegany 

Anne  Arundel  . 

Baltimore 

Calvert 

Caroline 

Carroll 

Cecil 

Charles 

Dorchester.  .  .  . 
Frederick 

Garrett 

Harford 

Howard 

Kent 

Montgomery    . 

Prince  George's 
Queen  Anne's.  . 
St.  Mary's.  .  .  . 

Somerset 

Talbot 

Washington .  .  . 

Wicomico 

Worcester 


Experienced 


But   New   to 

State  Public 

Schoolst 


1^ 

O  t) 


1,574 

27.6 

612 

23 

342 

301 

31 

10.5 

-1 

15 

174 

35.3 

74 

30 

58 

324 

28.2 

151 

104 

52 

9 

25.7 

4 

5 

1 

11 

17.5 

3 

4 

33 

19.6 

15 

11 

4 

57 

36.1 

29 

3 

12 

14 

20.6 

-1 

3 

4 

5.4 

2 

1 

49 

25.5 

24 

2 

18 

3 

9 

9.5 

-4 

5 

96 

39.7 

37 

2 

21 

23 

20 

22.7 

4 

2 

7 

15.9 

1 

1 

1 

365 

37.4 

144 

6 

53 

52 

320 

37.7 

90 

4 

37 

78 

6 

12.0 

4 

1 

2 

31 

44.9 

9 

2 

8 

7 

7 

13.2 

1 

10 

18.5 

1 

1 

50 

16.2 

19 

5 

12 

4 

29 

24.4 

1 

6 

3 

16 

25.0 

7 

1 

1 

278 

1 
22 
33 


feO 


^'^  o-^ 

3—   f-  CO 

|llc 

fc  o  c  — 
t^  si  zi  m 
O  (U  V  O 


el 

P-3 


414 

198 

18 

12 

1 

40 

15 

1 

63 

43 
2 

8 

1 

4 

3 

8 

1 

14 

9 

4 

1 

1 

1 

8 

8 

1 

1 

2 

29 

7 

2 

6 

3 

1 

3 

139 

21 

i 

77 

28 

2 

1 

1 

3 

4 
2 

2 

2 

9 

11 

6 

8 

4 

6 

6- 


98 

2 

8 

21 

1 


4 

4 

1 

23 

14 
1 


*  Teachers  are  classified  as  "unknown"  when  their  former  teaching  experience  has  not  been  established. 

t  Teachers  whose  residence  could  not  be  determined  for  this  study  were  prorated  according  to  those  teachers  about 
whom  such  information  was  available. 

X  Includes  transfers  from  private  schooh. 

°  Transfers  from  one  county  to  another  are  excluded  from  total  and  percentage  for  counties  as  a  group   but   trans- 
fers from  Baltimore  City  to  a  county  are  included  in  all  totals  and  percentages. 
Note:     Break-down    for    Baltimore    City    not    available. 


134 


Eighty-Ninth  Annual  Report 


TABLE  73 

Number  and  Per  Cent  of  Colored  Elementary  School  Teachers  New   to  the  Schools  of  Each 
Individual  County  of  Maryland  During  the  School  Year  1954-55 


County 


New  to 
County 


Num- 
ber 


Per 
Cent 


S  5  fe 
E.2-§ 

Z  So 

c^  o 

t  go 

^  0)  u 


Number  New  to  County  Who  Were 


Un- 
known* 


Inexperienced 


Experienced 


Btit   New   to 

State  Public 

Schools 


5"^ 

oC3 
O 


isys 


eI 


Total  State 

Baltimore  City  .  . 

Total  Counties  .  . 

Allegany 

Anne  Arundel   . 

Baltimore 

Calvert 

Caroline 

Carroll 

Cecil 

Charles 

Dorchester.  .  .  . 
Frederick 

Garrett 

Harford 

Howard 

Kent 

Montgomery.  . 

Prince  George's 
Queen  Anne's.  . 
St.  Mary's.  .  .  . 

Somerset 

Talbot 

Washington .  .  . 

Wicomico 

Worcester 


103 

1 
18 
5 
5 
1 


12.7 

20.0 
17.8 

6.1 
13.9 

5.9 

25.0 

26!6 
3.0 


5.0 
10.0 


19.5 
11.4 


40 

-1 
7 
4 
1 


-1 

"5 


11 


26 


*  Teachsrs  are  classified  as  "unknown"  when  their  former  teaching  experience  has  not  been  established, 
t  Teachers  whose  residence  could  not  be  determined  for  this  study  were  prorated  according  to  those  teachers  about 
whom  such  information  was  available. 

°  Transfers  from  one  county  to  another  are  excluded  from  total  and  percentage  for  counties  as  a  group. 
Note:     Break-down  for  Baltimore  City  not  available. 


Maryland  State  Department  of  Education 


135 


TABLE  74 

Number  and  Per  Cent  of  High  School  Teachers  New  to  the  Schools  of  Each  Individual  County 
of  Maryland  During  the  School   Year  1954-55 


County 


New  to 
County 


Num- 
ber 


Per 
Cent 


K   C   t. 

e  <U  u 


Number  New  to  County  Who  Were 


Un 
known* 


Inexperienced 


Experienced 


But    New    to 

Stale  Public 

Schools! 


goo" 


11 


Total  State 1  ,549 


Baltimore  City 
Total  Counties. 


Allegany 

Anne  Arundel 
Baltimore.  .  .  . 

Calvert 

Caroline 


Carroll 

Cecil 

Charles  .  . 
Dorchester . 
Frederick .  . 


Garrett 

Harford 

Howard 

Kent 

Montgomery . 


Prince  George's . 
Queen  Anne's.  . . 

St.  Mary's 

Somerset 

Talbot 


Washington . 
Wicomico.  . 
Worcester.  . 


1,549 

21.2 

572 

16 

363 

396 

1 
204 

347 

270 

12.6 

138 

77 

59 

18 

42 

1,334 

25.8 

434 

16 

286 

337 

186 

305 

40 

119 

241 

15 

23 

12.6 
29.5 
27.5 
26.3 
27.4 

17 
41 
73 
5 
-1 

"2 

"i 

12 

16 

75 

2 

3 

4 

38 

50 

2 

6 

2 
13 
23 

2 

1 

7 
22 
29 

3 

8 

61 
47 
31 
14 
56 

34.5 
35.1 

27.4 
14.3 
26.7 

1 

4 
7 
0 
3 

3 

1 

'  i 

17 
3 
4 
4 

16 

10 

17 

3 

5 

6 

4 
7 
3 

■9 

8 
13 
14 

1 

7 

26 
77 
40 
16 
211 

32.5 
38.3 
34.8 
24.6 
29.8 

3 

24 

11 

6 

109 

"i 

12 
8 
4 

36 

14 

27 

6 

4 

36 

2 
8 
6 

1 
45 

6 

21 

8 

5 

59 

209 
17 
32 
18 
24 

28.9 
24.6 
49.2 
23.1 
32.0 

79 
4 
8 
0 
3 

3 

29 
2 
7 
4 
2 

63 
3 
7 
6 
6 

37 
1 
4 
1 
4 

39 
4 
8 
4 
9 

57 
42 
38 

18.9 
33.1 
45.2 

13 
32 

-8 

4 

16 

11 

3 

11 

7 
7 

4 
5 
4 

9 

9 

12 

223 

36 

187 

9 

18 

27 

5 

4 

9 
6 
5 
1 
12 

2 
7 
8 
2 
9 

28 
3 
3 
2 
2 

9 

7 
9 


158 

38 

120 

6 

5 

31 

1 


*  Teachers  are  classified  as  "unknown"  when  their  former  teaching  experience  has  not  been  established. 

t  Teachers  whose  residence  could  not  be  determined  for  this  study  were  prorated  according  to  those  teachers  about 
whom  such  information  was  available. 

i  Includes  transfers  from  private  schools. 

°  Transfers  from  one  county  to  another  are  excluded  from  the  total  and  percentage  for  counties  as  a  group,  but  trans- 
fers from  Baltimore  City  to  a  county  are  included  in  totals  and  percentages.  All  transfers  are  excluded  from  total 
and  percentage  for  total  State. 


136 


Eighty-Ninth  Annual  Report 


TABLE  75 

Number  and  Per  Cent  of  White  Junior,  Junior-Senior,  and  Senior  High  School  Teachers  New 
to  the  Schools  of  Each  Individual  County  of  Maryland  During  the  School  Year  1954-55 


County 


New  to 

Number  > 

County 

Inexperienced 

Num- 

Per 

III 

■   cl^  o 

g  C  H 

%  a  V 

£e-o 

Un- 

13 

1 

a 
w 

ber 

Cent 

known* 

a 

B 

o 

XI 

O 

E 
o 

Experienced 


But   New   to 

State  Public 

Schools! 


o 

f^!2 

^^1 

c 

^J 

,) 

3 
o 

« 

c 

CO 

U 

f 

05 

c 

tfl 

0 

01 

faHH 

el 


Total  State 

Baltimore  City  .  . 

Total  Counties  .  . 

Allegany 

Anne  Arundel   . 

Baltimore 

Calvert 

Caroline 

Carroll 

Cecil 

Charles 

Dorchester.  .  .  . 
Frederick 

Garrett 

Harford 

Howard 

Kent 

Montgomery.  . 

Prince  George's 
Queen  Anne's.  . 
St.  Mary's.  .  .  . 

Somerset 

Talbot 

Washington.  .  . 

Wicomico 

Worcester 


1,196 

26.7 

399 

15 

255 

307 

40 

12.8 

16 

12 

4 

103 

31.1 

35 

1 

14 

33 

231 

28.7 

76 

73 

50 

11 

34.4 

3 

2 

2 

18 

27.3 

1 

3 

4 

57 

34.5 

-1 

3 

16 

10 

44 

35.8 

3 

1 

3 

16 

24 

36.4 

4 

2 

3 

9 

12.3 

-2 

1 

4 

2 

48 

24.9 

2 

15 

5 

26 

32.5 

3 

14 

71 

40.8 

22 

1 

12 

26 

35 

36.8 

10 

6 

5 

12 

25.5 

5 

3 

3 

200 

30.5 

103 

31 

34 

188 

30.5 

68 

3 

28 

57 

12 

23.5 

3 

1 

3 

25 

58.1 

5 

3 

7 

10 

20.8 

1 

2 

3 

20 

39.2 

1 

5 

56 

19.1 

13 

4 

16 

10 

36 

37.1 

29 

8 

6 

28 

43.1 

1 

5 

168 

2 
9 
21 
1 
1 

4 
7 
3 


279 

157 

7 

9 

22 

15 

28 

24 

2 

3 

5 

4 

7 

8 

12 

5 

10 

5 

1 

7 

12 

6 

2 

21 

5 

7 

7 

3 

2 

68 

8 

35 

23 

3 

1 

8 

1 

3 

1 

7 

1 

9 

9 

7 

7 

11 

5 

108 

6 

5 

29 

1 


1 
1 
2 

2 
1 
4 

23 


*  Teachers  are  classified  as  "unknown"  when  their  former  teaching  experience  has  not  been  established. 

t  Teachers  whose  residence  could  not  be  determined  for  this  study  were  prorated  according  to  those  teachers  about 
whom  such  information  was  available. 

X  Includes  transfers  from  private  schools. 

°  Transfers  from  one  county  to  another  are  excluded  from  total  and  percentage  for  counties  as  a  group,  but  transfers 
from  Baltimore  City  to  a  county  are  included  in  all  totals  and  percentages. 
Note:     Break-down  for  Baltimore  City  not  available. 


Maryland  State  Department  of  Education 


137 


TABLE  76 

Number  and  Per  Cent  of  Colored  Junior,  Junior-Senior,  and  Senior  High  School  Teachers 
New  to  the  Schools  of  Each  Individual  County  of  Maryland  During  the  School  Year  1954-55 


County 


New  to 
County 


Num- 
ber 


Per 
Cent 


£.2-§ 


Number  New  to  County  Who  Were 


Un 
known* 


Inexperienced 


Experienced 


But    New    to 

State  Public 

, 

Schools! 

>. 

>. 

a«0"? 

.^ 

3 

3   3   r-oi 

o 

•a 

c 

OS 

CO 

r  Co 

ers  E 

ingi 

195 

o 

0) 

Bt 

Efc 

got" 

R^ 

O  M 

O  J3 

0-2 

o  2 

bS 

faO 

fet-H-:: 

(i<CQ 

fa<: 

Total  State 

Baltimore  City  .  . 

Total  Counties.  .  . 

Allegany 

Anne  Arundel   . 

Baltimore 

Calvert 

Caroline 

Carroll  

Cecil 

Charles 

Dorchester.  .  .  . 
Frederick 

Garrett 

Harford 

Howard 

Kent 

Montgomery .  . 

Prince  George's 
Queen  Anne's.  . 
St.  Mary's.  .  .  . 

Somerset 

Talbot 

Washington .  .  . 

Wicomico 

Worcester 


138 


20.3 

0.0 
22.2 
14.1 
16.0 
27.8 

33.3 
27.3 
14.9 
20.0 
47.1 


22.2 
25.0 
22.2 
21.1 

19.4 
27.8 
31.8 
26.7 
16.7 

11.1 
20.0 
52.6 


35 

1 
6 

-3 
2 

-1 

2 
1 
3 
2 
1 


2 
1 
1 
6 

11 

1 

3 

-1 

3 


30 

18 

26 

30 

2 

5 

'    A 

3 

i 

2 

1 

3 

1 

1 

2 

2 

3 

1 

1 

1 

1 
4 

1 

3 

1 

1 

2 

1 

i 

'    3 

"2 

1 

1 

I 

1 

2 

2 

1 

1 

1 

6 

4 

4 

5 

1 

1 

2 
2 

3 

1 
2 

1 

1 

1 

1 

2 

2 

1 

4 

12 


*  Teachers  are  classified  as  "unknown"  when  their  former  teaching  experience  has  not  been  established. 

t  Teachers  whose  residence  could  not  be  determined  for  this  study  were  prorated  according  to  those  teachers  about 
whom  such  information  was  available. 

t  Includes  transfers  from  private  schools. 

°  Transfers  from  one  county  to  another  are  excluded  from  total  and  percentage  for  counties  as  a  group,  but  transfers 
from  Baltimore  City  are  included  in  all  totals  and  percentages. 
Note:     Break-down  for  Baltimore  City  not  available. 


138 


Eighty-Ninth  Annual  Report 


TABLE  77 

Number  and  Per  Cent  of  Teachers  and  Pupils  in  One-Teacher*  Elementary  Schools : 
Counties  of  Maryland :     Year  Ending  June  30,  1955 


County 


Total  Counties. 


Allegany 

Anne  Arundel . 
Baltimore.  .  .  . 

Calvert 

Caroline 


Carroll 

Cecil 

Charles.  .  .  . 
Dorchester . 
Frederick.  . 


Garrett 

Harford 

Howard 

Kent 

Montgomery . 


Prince  George's . 
Queen  Anne's .  . 

St.  Mary's 

Somerset 

Talbot 


Washington . 
Wicomico.  . 
Worcester .  . 


Schools  fob  White  Pupils 


Teachers  in  One- 
Teacher  Schools 


Number  Per  Cent 


0.2 


Pupils  in  One- 
Teacher  Schools 


Number  Per  Cent 


313 


72 
124 


43 
49 
25 


0.2 


Schools  for  Colorbd  Pupils 


Teachers  in  One- 
Teacher  Schools 


Number  Per  Cent 


2.0 
18.9 


Pupils  in  One- 
Teacher  Schools 


Number  Per  Cent 


440 
33 

26 


147 
93 


54 


35 
37 


1.8 
22.2 


*  Schools  having  a  one-teacher  organization  of  grades  one  to  five  or  more. 


Maryland  State  Department  of  Education 


139 


TABLE  78 

Decrease  in  Teachers  Employed  in  Maryland  Countv  One-Teacher  Schools*: 

1923-1955 


County  Elementary  School  Teachers 

Year  Ending 
June  30 

White 

Colored 

Total 

In  One-Teacher  Schools 

Total 

In  One-Teacher  Schools 

Number           Per  Cent 

Number 

Per  Cent 

1923 

3.063 
3,071 
2,948 
2,951 
2,677 

2,719 
2,806 
2,979 
3,170 
3,432 

3.696 
4,164 
4.670 
5,219 
5,856 

1,093 
827 
406 
287 
143 

88 
83 
77 
73 
64 

54 
40 
33 
25 
14 

35.7 

26.9 

13.8 

9.7 

5  3 

3.2 
2.9 
2.6 
2.3 
1.9 

1.5 
1.0 
0.7 
0  5 
0.2 

712 
734 
718 
677 
593 

597 
608 
612 
647 
655 

663 
696 
731 
765 
805 

403 
379 
334 
271 
132 

98 
91 

84 
82 
63 

49 
35 
26 
25 
16 

56.6 

1928 

51.7 

1933 

46  5 

1938 

40.0 

1943 

1946 

22  3 
16.4 

1947 

1948 

15.0 
13.7 

1949 

12.7 

1950 

9  6 

1951 

7.4 

1952 

5.0 

1953 

3  5 

1954 

3.3 

1955 

2.0 

*  Schools  having  a  one-teacher  organization  of  grades  one  to  five  or  more. 


140 


Eighty-Ninth  Annual  Report 


TABLE  79 
Number  and  Per  Cent  of  Men  Teachers  in  Maryland  Counties :     1923-1955 


White 

Colored 

Year  Ending 
June  30 

Elementary 

High 

Elementary 

High 

Number 

Per  Cent 

Number 

Per  Cent 

Number 

Per  Cent 

Number  Per  Cent 

1923 

287 
204 
219 
261 
139 

107 
125 
161 
175 
243 

295 
380 
460 
495 
624 

9.4 
6.6 
7.4 
8.9 
5.2 

3.9 
4.5 
5.4 
5.5 
7.1 

8.0 
9.1 
9.9 
9.5 

10.7 

253 
333 
430 
522 
538 

629 

787 

931 

1,025 

1,203 

1,454 
1,654 
1,822 
1,956 
2,203 

36.9 
34.3 
36.3 
38.7 
29.7 

29.4 
33.8 
36.7 
38.3 
41.1 

44.0 
45.9 
47.5 
47.8 
48.9 

122 
68 
76 
79 
58 

45 
52 
62 

68 
70 

73 
77 
83 
82 
92 

17.1 

9.3 

10.5 

11.7 

9.7 

7.5 

8.6 

10.1 

10.5 

10.6 

11.0 
11.1 
11.4 
10.7 
11.5 

13 
25 
46 
68 
81 

88 
103 
126 
140 
154 

205 
212 
239 
268 
279 

49  8 

1928 

47  9 

1933 

49.1 

1938 

50  6 

1943 

42  0 

1946 

33  7 

1947 

34  4 

1948 

37  2 

1949 

37  3 

1950 

36  6 

1951 

40  0 

1952 

38  1 

1953 

39  7 

1954 

41  3 

1955 

40  7 

Note:    For  basic  data  see  TABLE  X. 


Maryland  State  Department  of  Education 


141 


TABLE  80 — Number  of  Public  Schools :     Number  of  Teachers    and  Principals : 
Maryland :     Year  Ending  June  30,  1955 


State    of 


Number 

OF 

Teachers 

AND 

Principals 


n 

h 

n 

_00 

o 
o 

< 

o 
B 

1 

c 

< 

c 

3 
1- 
< 

C 

c 

<: 

o 
E 

"a 

1 

o 

0) 

1 

OS 

a 

1 

08 

1 

S 

o 
Q 

i 
£ 

1 
03 
O 

O 

K 

C 

0) 

a 

c 
o 

o 

c 

< 

c 

$ 

3 

b 

03 

1 
E 
eg 

o 
ti 

c 

1 

8 

i 

elementary  schools 


All  Schools 


1.0- 

2.0 

3.0 

4.0 

5.0 

6.0 

7.0 

8.0 

9.0 

10.0 

11.0 

12.0 

13.0 

14.0 

15.0 

16  0 

17.0 

18.0 

19.0 

20.0 

21.0 

22.0 

23.0 

24.0 

25.0 

26.0 

27.0 

28.0- 

29.0- 

30.0 

31.0 

32.0 

33  0 

34.0 

35.0 


-  2.9  ..  . 

-  3.9  .  .  . 

-  4.9  .  ... 

-  5.9  ... 

-  6.9  ..  . 

-  7.9  .. 

-  8.9  .  .. 

-9  9... 

10.9  .  .  . 

-11.9  ..  . 

-12.9  .. 

-13.9  .  .  . 

-14.9  .  .. 

-15.9  .  .. 

16.9  .  .. 

-17.9  .  .. 

-18.9  .  .. 

-19  9  .  .  . 

-20.9  .  .. 

-21   9  ... 

-22.9  .  .. 

-23.9  .  .. 

-24  9  ... 

-25.9  .  .  . 

-26.9  .  ... 

-27.9  ..  . 

-28 . 9  .    . 

-29.9  ... 

-30.9  .  .  . 

31.9  .  .  . 

-32.9  ..  . 

-33.9  ...  . 

-34  9  .    . 

and  over . 

792  134  29  55  63  14  13  19  21  16  26  35  23  18  13  14  75  83  11  18  19 


17    38 


JUNIOR,   JUNIOR-SENIOR,   SENIOR,   AND 

vocationa 

.   HIGH   SCHOOLS 

All  Schools  .  . 

1.0-  2.9  ... 

3.0-  4.9  .  .. 

5.0-  6.9  ..  . 

7.0-  8.9  ..  . 

9.0-10.9  ... 
11.0-12.9  .  .  . 
13.0-14.9  ... 
15.0-16.9  ... 
17.0-18.9  ... 
19.0-20.9  .  .. 
21.0-22.9  .  .  . 
23.0-24.9  .  .. 
25.0-29.9  .  .  . 
30.0-34.9  .  .. 
35.0-39.9  .  .. 
40 . 0-44 . 9  .  .  . 
45.0-49.9  .  .  . 
50 . 0-54 .9  ... 
55.0-59.9  .  .. 
60 . 0-64 . 9  .  .  . 
65.0-69.9  ... 
70.0-74.9  .  .. 
75 . 0-79 . 9  .  .  . 
80.0-84.9  ..  . 
85 . 0-89 . 9  .  .  . 
90.0-94.9  .  .. 
95.0-99.9  .  .  . 
100  and  over. 

.  221 

4 

4 

9 

7 

9 

15 

6 

15 

13 

6 

9 

16 

14 

16 

14 

12 

8 

7 

4 

7 

2 

5 

2 

2 

2 

5 

4 

4 

38 

1 

3 
2 
2 
1 

3 
2 

1 
3 
1 

1 
2 

1 

1 
1 

1 
5 
3 
4 

10 

i 
1 

2 

1 
1 

1 

'i 

1 
1 

9 

i 

2 
2 

1 

"i 

17 

1 

1 

i 

2 
2 
2 

i 

1 
2 
2 

1 
1 

3 

2 

1 

6 

i 

1 

i 

3 

13 
3 

i 
i 

2 

1 
1 

1 

2 

i 

9 

i 

2 
2 

1 

2 
1 

7 

2 
1 

1 

1 
2 

5 

i 

1 

i 

2 

9 

1 

1 

2 

2 

1 

i 
1 

2 

7 

i 

i 

i 

1 

i 
1 

i 

6 

1 
i 

2 

1 
1 

4 

1 

1 

1 
1 

17 

2 

1 

i 

1 
1 

3 
3 

2 

i 

1 

1 

19 
1 

i 

2 
2 
3 

1 
1 
1 
2 
1 
2 

i 

4 

i 

i 
1 

i 

5 
2 

i 
1 

1 

2 

3 

i 

1 
1 

11 

i 
i 

2 
2 

3 

i 

i 

6 

i 

2 

2 
1 

4 

i 
1 

i 

1 

*  Includes  one  school  having  a  graded  organization. 


142 


Eighty-Ninth  Annual  Report 


TABLE  81 — Number  of  Public  Schools :     Average  Number  Belonging ; 

Year  Ending  June  30,  1955 


State  of  Maryland : 


>. 

"oi 

o 

T3 

>. 

£f 

01 

a 

Average 

o 

o 

o 

C 
< 

c 

1 

•a 

0) 

E 

c 
o 

." 

R 

t- 

Number 
Belonging 

o 
S 

c 
a 

o 
B 

+3 

> 

a 

o 

1 

■a 

o 

0 

a 

O 

aj 

<; 

0) 

0) 

>> 

P 

O 

N) 

1 

'1 
o 

1 

1 

<: 

PQ 

< 

< 

a 

pa 

a 

XI 

O 

Q 

o 

W 

M 

£ 

a 

S 

o 

M 

^ 

ELEMENTARY  SCHOOLS 


All  Schools   .  . 

*792 

134 

29 

55 

63 

14 

13 

19 

21 

16 

26 

35 

23 

18 

13 

14 

75 

83 

11 

18 

19 

17 

38 

23 

15 

30  or  less  .  . 

30 

1 

1 

1 

2 

6 

1 

4 

3 

1 

1 

2 

4 

1 

2 

31-     60  .  .  . 

75 

4 

1 

5 

1 

2 

4 

6 

7 

10 

1 

2 

3 

5 

1 

7 

6 

3 

3 

2 

2 

61-     90  .  .  . 

63 

2 

2 

2 

4 

2 

2 

1 

3 

4 

4 

4 

2 

4 

2 

6 

3 

2 

2 

5 

4 

3 

91-  120  ..  . 

44 

2 

2 

6 

1 

1 

2 

1 

2 

1 

3 

2 

2 

2 

2 

1 

6 

4 

3 

121-  150  .  .  . 

50 

2 

1 

7 

3 

2 

1 

1 

1 

2 

2 

4 

1 

1 

1 

2 

6 

2 

1 

5 

3 

1 

151-  180  ..  . 

31 

1 

1 

2 

2 

1 

2 

2 

5 

1 

1 

1 

2 

2 

2 

3 

1 

181-  210  .    . 

28 

4 

2 

2 

2 

1 

1 

3 

1 

3 

1 

1 

1 

1 

4 

1 

211-  240  ..  . 

32 

1 

3 

4 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

2 

4 

4 

1 

3 

2 

241-  270  ..  . 

33 

5 

3 

4 

1 

1 

2 

2 

1 

1 

1 

6 

2 

1 

1 

1 

271-  300  ..  . 

33 

3 

4 

3 

4 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

3 

5 

2 

1 

1 

301-  330  ..  . 

20 

1 

1 

2 

2 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

5 

1 

1 

331-  360  ..  . 

28 

2 

1 

2 

1 

1 

2 

1 

3 

2 

2 

5 

2 

1 

1 

361-  390  ..  . 

21 

7 

1 

1 

1 

1 

3 

3 

1 

1 

1 

1 

391-  420  ..  . 

29 

2 

4 

2 

2 

1 

1 

1 

1 

3 

4 

3 

1 

421-  450  .  .  . 

24 

5 

1 

3 

1 

1 

1 

1 

3 

5 

2 

451-  480  ..  . 

28 

6 

3 

2 

1 

1 

2 

2 

2 

5 

2 

481-  510  ..  . 

16 

1 

3 

2 

1 

1 

1 

1 

4 

1 

511-  540  ..  . 

15 

3 

3 

?. 

3 

3 

541-  570  ..  . 

18 

3 

1 

3 

i 

1 

1 

3 

3 

1 

571-  600  ..  . 

16 

6 

2 

3 

2 

1 

1 

1 

601-  660  ..  . 

28 

6 

i 

1 

5 

1 

7 

6 

661-  720  ..  . 

19 

8 

2 

1 

5 

2 

1 

721-  780  ..  . 

21 

6 

2 

3 

7 

2 

1 

781-  840  ..  . 

14 

4 

1 

5 

3 

1 

841-  900  ..  . 

7 

5 

1 

901-  960  ..  . 

14 

9 

1 

2 

2 

961-1020     .. 

13 

7 

2 

1 

1 

2 

1021-1080  .  .  . 

9 

5 

1 

3 

1081-1140  .  .  . 

6 

6 

1141   1200  .  .  . 

6 

6 

1201  and  over 

21 

15 

5 

1 

JUNIOR, 

JUNIOR-SENIOR 

,    SENIOR, 

AND 

VOCATIONAL    HIGH    SCHOOLS 

All  Schools  .  . 

*221 

38 

10 

9 

17 

3 

6 

13 

9 

7 

5 

9 

2 

7 

6 

4 

17 

19 

4 

5 

7 

3 

11 

6 

4 

50  or  less  .  . 

5 

1 

3 

1 

51-  100  ..  . 

9 

1 

1 

2 

3 

1 

1 

101-  150  ..  . 

9 

2 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

151-  200  ..  . 

18 

1 

1 

1 

3 

1 

2 

2 

1 

2 

1 

1 

1 

201-  250  ..  . 

12 

2 

1 

3 

1 

?. 

1 

1 

251-  300  ..  . 

8 

2 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

301-  350     .  . 

15 

1 

1 

1 

2 

1 

1 

1 

2 

1 

1 

351-  400  ..  . 

13 

1 

1 

4 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

401-  450  ..  . 

9 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

2 

451-  500  ..  . 

12 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

2 

1 

1 

1 

501-  600  ..  . 

15 

2 

1 

1 

2 

1 

1 

1 

2 

1 

1 

601-  700  ..  . 

12 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

3 

1 

1 

1 

701-  800  ..  . 

13 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

3 

1 

2 

1 

801-  900  ..  . 

12 

3 

1 

2 

1 

4 

1 

901-1000  .  .  . 

7 

1 

1 

2 

1 

1 

1 

1001-1100  .  .  . 

8 

3 

2 

1 

1 

1 

1101-1200  .  .  . 

6 

1 

1 

1 

2 

1 

1201-1300  ,  .  . 

1 

1 

1301-1400  .  .  . 

4 

1 

1 

.  . 

1 

1 

1401-1500  .  .  . 

6 

1 

1 

1 

1 

2 

1501-1600  .  .  . 

1 

1 

1601-1700  .  .  . 

1 

1 

1701-1800  .  .  . 

6 

2 

2 

2 

1801-1900  .  .  . 

5 

1 

1 

1 

2 

1901-2000  .  .  . 

2 

1 

1 

2001-2100  .  .  . 

2 

2 

2101-2200  .  .  . 

2 

2 

2201-2300  .  .  . 

1 

1 

2301-2400  .  .  . 

1 

1 

2501  and  over 

» 

5 

1 

*  A  total  of  four  seventh  grades  which  are  housed  in  elementary  school  buildings  but  offer  a  junior  high  school 
curriculum  (two  each  in  Allegany  and  Baltimore)  are  included  in  the  number  of  elementary  schools  and  excluded 
from  the  number  of  high  schools. 


Maryland  State  Department  op  Education 


143 


TABLE  82 

Supervisory*  and  Pupil  Personnel  Services  Provided  by  the  Counties  and  Baltimore 

City  in  Maryland  Public  Schools:     Number  of  Principals  and  Teachers: 

Year  Ending  June  30,  1955 


Number  of 
Principals 

and 
Teachers 

Total 
Super- 
visors 

General  Supervisors  by 
Type  of  School 

Other 
Super- 
visorst 

County 

Elementary 

High 

Pupil 
Personnel 

Total  State 

16,821.0 
4,965 . 0 

270.9 
95.0 

97  9 
26  5 

64.5 
17  5 

108.5 
51.0 

117.4 

Baltimore  City 

54.0 

Total  Counties 

11,856.0 

175  9 

71.4 

47.0 

57.5 

63.4 

Allegany 

Anne  Arundel 

Baltimore 

Calvert 

Caroline 

615.5 
997.1 
2,096.4 
128.7 
164  0 

9.7 

13  5 

30   6 

3.0 

2  4 

3.0 
5.5 
8.0 
2  0 
14 

2.0 
2.5 
9.1 
1.0 
10 

4.7 

5.5 

13  5 

4  0 
4.0 
13.0 
10 
10 

Carroll 

Cecil 

Charles 

Dorchester 

Frederick 

350 . 0 
308 . 4 
238.1 
205.0 
421.5 

5.4 
4.8 
4.0 
3.0 
6.0 

2.2 
2.0 
2.0 
2.0 
2.2 

2.0 
2.0 
2.0 
1.0 
2.3 

12 
0,8 

i.5 

2.0 
10 
2.0 
1.0 
2.0 

Garrett    

Harford 

Howard 

Kent 

Montgomery 

178  0 
459  8 
219.0 
121.4 
1,891.0 

3.0 
4  9 
3  0 
2.5 
26.8 

2.0 
2.4 
1.3 
1.5 
10.3 

1.0 
2.5 
1.2 
10 

5.0 

0  5 
115 

10 
2.5 
10 
10 
8.9 

Prince  George's 

Queen  Anne's 

St.  Mary's 

Somerset   

Talbot 

1,740.8 
136.5 
161   0 
162.0 
157.0 

24  5 

2  5 

3  3 
3.0 
2.5 

8.0 
1.5 
2.0 
1.6 
1.5 

4  0 
1.0 
1.0 
14 
1.0 

12.5 
0  3 

8  0 
1.0 
1.0 
1.0 
1  0 

Washington 

Wicomico 

624.4 
287.4 
193.0 

9  5 

4.0 
4  0 

3.0 
3.0 
3.0 

10 
10 
1.0 

5.5 

3  0 
2.0 

Worcester 

1.0 

*  Excludes  supervisors  of  Maintenance,  Transportation,  and  Buildings. 

t  Includes  supervisors  of  Art,  Audio- Visual  Education,  Commercial,  Curriculum,  Distributive  Education, 
English,  Geography,  Guidance,  Handwriting,  Health,  History,  Home  Economics,  Industrial  Education, 
Instruction,  Languages,  Libraries,  Mathematics,  Music,  Physical  Education,  Radio  and  Television, 
Reading,  Safety  Education,  School  Lunch,  Science,  Special  Education,  Testing,  and  Vocational  Education. 


144 


Eighty-Ninth  Annual  Report 


CHART  1 

Total  SchooltCurrent  Expenses  and  Total  State  Aid :     Counties  of  Maryland  and 
Baltimore   City:     1928-1955 


19  58 


Year 


Maryland  State  Department  of  Education 


145 


TABLE  83 

Disbursements   for   Current    Expenses,     Debt   Service,   and   Capital   Outlay; 
Maryland    Public    Schools:     1923-1955 


School  Yeiar 


Current  Expenses  by  Source  of  Funds 


Total 


SUte 


Federal 


Local 


Debt 
Service 


Capital 
Outlay 


TOTAL  state 


$12,764,250 
16,147,689 
18,293,874 
20,467,797 
23,546,628 
28,121,601 
31,068,741 
36,621,996 
51,175,927 
57,567,186 
64,661,563 
71,448,847 
80,931,643 
91,844,287 
100,833,162 
113,657,913 


$3,058,180 

3,207,088 

4,616,690 

6,196,636 

6,960,882 

8,982,115 

10,803,700 

11,594,496 

21,534,379 

22,993,313 

24,640,596 

27,659,372 

30,241,963 

32,458,006 

35,859,919 

39,123,482 


$46,966 

69,150 

80,139 

209,722 

245,787 

520,720 

434,104 

1,234,736 

1,547,581 

1,235,487 

2,011,407 

2,080,125 

2,380,208 

2,457,252 

2,632,578 

4,005,882 


$9,659,104 
12,871,451 
13,597,045 
14,061,439 
16,339,959 
18,618,766 
19,830,937 
23,792,764 
28.093,967 
33,338,386 
38,009,560 
41,709,350 
48,309,472 
56,929,029 
62,340,665 
70,528,549 


$789,311 
2,131,699 
3,142,211 
3,739,854 
3,776.207 
4,063,754 
4,192,979 
3,878,466 
4,506,683 
4,893,175 
6,800,278 
6,133,501 
7,751,625 
9,850,293 
12.023,860 
14,217,276 


$4,776,355 

3,430,589 

1,955,727 

2.335,232 

834.802 

817,053 

2,197.635 

3.547,469 

10,681,767 

20,338,146 

27,153,046 

31,768,013 

40,596,878 

43,516,284 

49,316,960 

44,094,549 


BALTIMORE  CITY 


$6,799,794 
8,360,391 
9,312,282 
10,103,224 
10,620,120 
12,357,985 
13,048,637 
14,455,866 
20,500,455 
22,625,966 
25,684,535 
27,113,114 
28,683,507 
33,011,067 
34,297,839 
36,776.856 


$1,052,845 
999.753 
1,568,928 
1,463,505 
1,495,480 
1,981,734 
2.176.054 
2.243,349 
4,779,040 
5.016.904 
5.422,725 
6,016,080 
6,060,360 
6,404,596 
7,371.737 
7,269,993 


$13,256 

17,240 

11,131 

61.200 

64,355 

75,627 

77,328 

175,615 

656,839 

277,450 

717,106 

668,895 

506,334 

339.035 

220,604 

231.814 


$5,733,693 

7,343.398 

7,732,223 

8,578,519 

9.060,285 

10,300,624 

10.795.255 

12.036.902 

15.064,576 

17,331,612 

19,544,704 

20,428,139 

22,116,813 

26,267,436 

26,705,498 

29,275,049 


$685,620 
1,580,599 
1,983,157 
2,335,256 
2,105.427 
2.210.496 
2.349.885 
1.958.255 
2.307.374 
1,628.980 
1.647,487 
1,622,453 
1,754,563 
1,810,740 
2,557.570 
2,734,400 


$3,301,086 

1,897,871 

1,267,230 

758.798 

17,989 

113.214 

605.127 

372.505 

431.267 

823,371 

4,328,329 

7,170,345 

10,687,124 

6,819,028 

11,115,317 

8,701,420 


TOTAL  COUNTIES 


$5,964,456 
7,787,298 
8,981,592 
10,364.573 
12,926,508 
15,763,616 
18,020.104 
22,166,130 
30.675,472 
34,941,220 
38,977,028 
44,335,733 
52,248,136 
58,833,220 
66,535,323 
76,881,057 


$2,005,335 

2,207,335 

3,047,762 

4,733,131 

5,465,402 

7,000,381 

8,627,646 

9,351.147 

16,755,339 

17,976,409 

19,217,871 

21.643,292 

24,181,603 

26,053,410 

28,488,182 

31,853,489 


$33,710 

51,910 

69,008 

148,522 

181,432 

445,093 

356,776 

1,059,121 

890,742 

958,037 

1,294,301 

1,411,230 

1,873,874 

2,118,217 

2,411,974 

3,774,068 


$3,925,411 

5,528,053 

5,864,822 

5,482,920 

7,279,674 

8,318,142 

9,035,682 

11,755,862 

13,029,391 

16.006,774 

18,464.856 

21.281,211 

26,192,659 

30,661,593 

35,635.167 

41,253,500 


$103,691 
551,100 
1,159,054 
1,404,598 
1,670,780 
1,853,258 
1,843,094 
1,920,211 
2,199,309 
3,264,195 
5.152,791 
4,511,048 
5,997,062 
8,039,553 
9,466,290 
11,482,876 


$1,475,269 

1,532,718 

688,497 

1,576,434 

816,813 

703,839 

1,592,508 

3,174,964 

10,250,500 

19,514,775 

22,824,717 

24,597,668 

29,909,754 

36,697,256 

38,201.643 

35.393.129 


N.  B. — This  table  has  been  revised  to  include  all  funds  available  in  each  year. 


146 


Eighty-Ninth  Annual  Report 


CHART  2 

Per  Cent  of  Current  Expenditures:     Maryland  Public  Schools: 
Year  Ending  June  30,  1955 


Maryland  State  Department  of  Education 


147 


Source  of  Current  Expenses* 


TABLE  84 
Maryland  Public  Schools:     Year  Ending  June  30,  1955 


Total 
Current 
Funds 

State 

Federal 

Local  Levy 

and  Other 

Local  Sources 

Per 

Cent  from  Each  Source 

State 

Fed- 
eral 

Local 

LgY 
and 
Other 
Local 
Sour- 
ces 

County 

Equal- 
ization 
Fund 

Other 

Total 

Total  State 

$113,657,912.88 

$39,123,481.63 

$4,005,882.40 

$70,528,548.85 

11.7 

22.7 

34.4 

3.5 

62.1 

Balto.  City 

t36,776,855.78 

t7,269,992.75 

231,814.00 

t29,275,049.03 

19.8 

19.8 

0.6 

79  6 

Total 
Counties 

t76,881,057.10 

131,853,488.88 

3,774,068.40 

41,253,499.82 

17.4 

24.0 

41.4 

4.9 

53.7 

Allegany   .  . 
An.  Arundel 
Baltimore  . 

Calvert 

Caroline.  . 

3,668,435.60 

5,686,344.52 

13,641,118.80 

780,187.28 

942,543.99 

1,941,409.16 

2,757,.535.68 

2,395,353.88 

526,740.91 

623,879.63 

126,066.64 

330,061.19 

275,530.50 

32,636.02 

17,047.16 

1,600,959.80 

2,598,747.65 

10,970,234.42 

220,810.35 

301,617.20 

31.4 
26.8 

45.5 
44.8 

21.5 
21.7 
17.6 
22.0 
21  4 

52.9 
48.5 
17.6 
67.5 
66.2 

3.4 

5.8 
2.0 
4.2 
1.8 

43.7 
45.7 
80.4 
28.3 
32  0 

Carroll.  .  .  . 

Cecil 

Charles  .  .  . 
Dorchester . 
Frederick    . 

1,914,658.48 
1,852,015.67 
1,430,935.68 
1,242,948.65 
2,438,746.46 

1,004,642.01 
899,394.66 
989,740.56 
634,498.46 

1,072,248.54 

35,359.05 
165,725.73 
194,029.53 

23,129.77 
124,437.01 

874,657.42 
786,895.28 
247,165.59 
585,320.42 
1,242,060.91 

29.8 
27.9 
45.4 
28.8 
21.9 

22.7 
20.7 
23.8 
22.2 
22.1 

52.5 
48.6 
69  2 
51  0 
44.0 

1.8 
8.9 
13.5 
1.9 
5.1 

45.7 
42.5 
17.3 
47  I 
50  9 

Garrett    ... 
Harford  .  .  . 
Howard  .  .  . 

Kent 

Montgom'y 

1,098,919.30 
2,797,624.72 
1,273,520.04 
769,597.93 
12,065,213.31 

870,744.82 

1,190,957.37 

769,579.45 

433,864.84 

2,118,735.54 

25,110.08 
457,.597.16 

47,620.19 

8,547.24 

900,145.64 

203,064.40 

1,149,070.19 

456,320.40 

327,185.85 

9,046,332.13 

56.5 
23.1 
38.3 
36.3 
1.8 

22.7 
19.5 
22.1 
20.1 
15.7 

79.2 
42.6 
60.4 
56.4 

17.5 

2.3 

16.3 

3.7 

1.1 

7.5 

18.5 
41.1 
35.9 
42.5 
75.0 

Pr.  George's 
Qu.  Anne's. 
St.  Mary's  . 
Somerset  .  . 
Talbot 

10,451.342.22 

848,876.17 

1,001,450.29 

895,860.82 

918,432.41 

3,893,487.47 
475,783.83 
584,258.62 
653,949.63 
457,997.35 

660,347.83 
20,821.67 

175,377.19 

7,827.98 

12,964.99 

5,897,506.92 
352,270.67 
241,814.48 
234,083.21 
447,470.07 

18.6 
35.4 
35.2 
47.8 
27.9 

18.7 
20.6 
23.1 
25,2 
22.0 

37.3 
56  0 
58.3 
73.0 
49.9 

6.3 
2.5 
17.5 
0  9 
1.4 

56.4 
41.5 
24.2 
26  1 

48.7 

Washington 
Wicomico.  . 
Worcester  . 

3,805,692.10 
1,708,640.45 
1,176,741.21 

1,703,625.77 
778,209.40 
605,640.30 

82,399.45 
27,757.05 
23,529.33 

2,019,666.88 
902,674.00 
547,571.58 

25.0 
25.1 
29.2 

19.8 
20.5 
22.3 

44.8 
45.6 
51.5 

2.2 
1.6 
2.0 

53.0 
52.8 
46  5 

*  Includes  payments  applicable  to  the  preceding  year  received  after  June  30,  1954  and  excludes  those  for  the 
current  year  received  after  June  30,  1955. 

t  Includes  funds  for  teachers  in  the  Employees'  Retirement  System  as  follows: 
State,  $1,786,059.00;     local,  $847,981.00;     total,  $2,634,040.00. 

t  Includes  $4,430,285.70  for  the  Teachers'  Retirement  System  and  $40,925.30  for  related  expense  fund  not  dis- 
tributed to  the  counties  in  these  columns. 


148 


Eighty-Ninth  Annual  Report 


CHART  3 

Per  Cent  Distribution  of  Tax  Dollar  for  School  Current  Expenses ; 
Counties  of  Maryland :     Year  Ending  June  30,  1955 


INCLUDING  TRANSPORTATION 


Maryland  State  Department  of  Education 


149 


TABLE  85 
Per  Cent  Distribution  of  School  Expenditures  by  Maryland  Local  Boards  of  Education : 

Year  Ending  June  30,  1955 


Current  Expenses 


Adminis- 
tration 


Super- 
vision 


Salaries 

of 
Teachers 
and 
Princi- 
pals 


Books,  Ma- 

Other 

terials,  and 

Opera- 

Mainte- 

School 

Other  Costs 

tion 

nance 

Services 

of 

Instruction 

Fixed 
Charges 
and  Pay- 
ments to 
Adjoining 
Units 


INCLUDING  COST  OF  TRANSPORTATION 


Total  State 

Baltimore  City .  . 

Total  Counties.  .  . 

Allegany 

Anne  Arundel .  , 

Baltimore 

Calvert 

Caroline 

Carroll 

Cecil 

Charles 

Dorchester.  .  .  . 
Frederick 

Garrett 

Harford 

Howard 

Kent 

Montgomery .  . 

Prince  George's 
Queen  Anne's.  . 

St.  Mary's.  .  .  . 

Somerset 

Talbot 

Washington .  .  . 

Wicomico 

Worcester 


2.4 

16 

62  6 

2.8 

1.7 

64.9 

2.2 

1.5 

61.5 

2.0 

1.6 

66  2 

2.9 

1.2 

67.9 

2.1 

1.8 

65.1 

2.9 

2  3 

58.1 

2.3 

1.7 

65.8 

1.7 

1.8 

68.2 

1.9 

1.7 

64.3 

3.0 

16 

60.5 

2.0 

1.4 

62.7 

1.8 

1.5 

67.0 

2.8 

1.5 

58.2 

2.2 

1.0 

63.8 

1.9 

1.8 

66.6 

3.7 

2.1 

60.8 

2.7 

15 

66.4 

1.8 

1.5 

66.1 

2.3 

1.8 

61.5 

2.9 

1.9 

54.5 

2  3 

2.0 

66.4 

2.8 

1.7 

65.5 

3.2 

1.7 

66.4 

2.5 

1.4 

64.0 

2.4 

2.0 

62.4 

5  6 
5.8 


5.5 


4.4 
5.9 
8.2 
3.5 
3.8 

4.5 
4.7 
6.3 
3.5 
4.3 

2.9 
5.2 
4.8 
3.7 
6.3 

6.4 
3.8 
5.2 
3.0 
3.9 

4.5 
5.4 
3.9 


8.1 

4.3 

8.3 

8.8 

3  9 

4.7 

7.8 

4.5 

10.0 

8.2 

3  5 

12.8 

7.9 

3.5 

9  0 

7.4 

6.6 

7.8 

6  0 

6.8 

19.4 

5.5 

3.8 

16.3 

6  3 

2.9 

12.8 

8.7 

5.8 

11.2 

9.5 

2.2 

15.3 

8.8 

3.1 

16.3 

7.1 

3.7 

13.3 

5.4 

2.7 

23.5 

8.1 

4.1 

14.5 

6  1 

3.6 

14.8 

6.9 

6.5 

15.3 

9,4 

4.7 

8.5 

10.8 

5.2 

6.7 

6.7 

4.1 

18.8 

8.8 

6.8 

19  0 

6.1 

4.0 

15.0 

8.0 

3.2 

13.1 

6.8 

5.2 

11.1 

7.0 

3.7 

13.9 

7.6 

3.1 

16.5 

t7.1 
t7.4 

tr.o 

13 

1.7 
1.0 
1.0 
0.8 

1.8 
17 
1.6 
2.2 
1.3 

3.5 
1.1 
0.4 
1.0 
0.5 


EXCLUDING  COST  OF  TRANSPORTATION 


ToUl  State 

Baltimore  City .  . 

Total  Counties.  . 

Allegany 

Anne  Arundel.  . 

Baltimore 

Calvert 

Caroline 

Carroll 

Cecil 

Charles 

Dorchester.  .  .  . 
Frederick 

Garrett 

Harford 

Howard 

Kent 

Montgomery.  . 

Prince  George's 
Queen  Anne's  . 
St.  Mary's.  .  .  . 

Somerset 

Talbot 

Washington.  .  . 

Wicomico 

Worcester.  .  .  . 


2.5 

1.6 

65.9 

2.8 

1.7 

65.1 

2.4 

1.6 

66.3 

2.1 

1.8 

72.1 

3.1 

1.2 

72.9 

2  3 

1.9 

69.2 

3.5 

2.7 

70.1 

2.6 

2.0 

76.5 

1.9 

2.0 

75.7 

2.2 

1.9 

70.6 

3.4 

1.8 

69.6 

2.3 

1.7 

72.8 

2.0 

1.6 

74.6 

3.0 

1.9 

73.6 

2.5 

1.1 

71.9 

2.2 

2.0 

76.1 

4.3 

2.4 

70.2 

2.8 

1.6 

69.2 

1.8 

1.6 

68.6 

2.7 

2.2 

72.9 

3.4 

2.3 

65.3 

2.7 

2.3 

76.6 

3.1 

19 

73.7 

3  4 

1.7 

70.8 

2.8 

1.6 

71.9 

2.9 

2.3 

73.2 

5.9 


5.9 

4.8 
6,3 
8.7 
4.3 

4,4 

5.0 
5.1 
7.3 
4.1 

4.8 

3.7 
5.9 
5.5 
4.3 
6.5 

6.7 
4.4 
6.3 

3.5 
4.4 


8.5 

4.6 

3.5 

8.8 

3.9 

4,4 

8.4 

4.8 

3.1 

9.0 

3.8 

5.0 

8.5 

3.8 

2.3 

7.8 

7.0 

2.1 

7.3 

8.2 

2.7 

6.4 

4.5 

2.7 

7.0 

3.2 

3  3 

9.5 

6.4 

2.5 

11.0 

2.6 

2.5 

10.2 

3.6 

2.8 

8.0 

4.1 

3.5 

6.8 

3.4 

3.2 

9.2 

4,4 

3.8 

6.9 

4.1 

2.7 

7.9 

7.6 

2.1 

9.8 

4.9 

4.6 

11.3 

5.3 

3.1 

7.9 

4.9 

3.8 

10.6 

8.1 

2.9 

7.1 

4.7 

1.7 

9.0 

3.6 

2.3 

7.3 

5.6 

5.2 

7.8 

4.2 

3.3 

8.8 

3.6 

2.0 

t7.5 

t7.5 

t7.5 

1.4 
1.9 
1.0 
1.2 
0.9 

1.9 
1.8 
1.8 
2.5 
1.4 

4.4 
1.2 
0.5 
1.2 
0.6 

1.6 
1.2 
1.1 
1.4 
2.0 

1.2 

2.4 
2.6 


*  Percentages  obtained  by  dividing  capital  outlay  by  the  sum  of  capital  outlay  and  current  expenses  excluding  debt 
service. 

t  Appropriations  of  State  and  local  funds  for  the  retirement  of  teachers  are  included.  Retirement  for  county  teach- 
ers not  distributed  to  the  counties  in  this  column. 


150 


Eighty-Ninth  Annual  Report 


TABLE  86 

Cost  per  Public  School  Pupil  Belonging :     Administration :     State  of  Maryland ; 
1945,  1950,  1954,  and  1955 


County 


Total  State .... 

Baltimore  City. 

Total  Counties. 

Allegany.  .  .  . 
Anne  Arundel 
Baltimore  .  .  . 

Calvert 

Caroline  .... 

Carroll 

Cecil 

Charles 

Dorchester  . . 
Frederick   .  ,  . 


1945 


$2.67 
3.32 

2.27 

1.92 
2.53 
1.41 
3.88 
3.88 

2.35 
2.46 
2.45 
2.84 
1.94 


1950 


$5.93 

7.89 

4.94 

5.37 
4  32 
3.90 
7.48 
5.46 

5.16 
4.10 
4.05 
5.04 
3.47 


1954 


$5.23 
6.02 

4.86 

4  67 
5.73 
4.94 
6.24 
4.69 

3  11 

4.34 
5.23 
4.28 
3.63 


1955 


$6.03 

7.29 

5.46 

4.64 
6  25 
5  07 
6.81 
5.43 

3.65 
4.61 
7.14 
4.52 
3.72 


County 


Garrett 

Harford 

Howard 

Kent 

Montgomery.  . 

Prince  George's 
Queen  Anne's.  . 
St.  Mary's  .  .  .  . 

Somerset 

Talbot 

Washington .  .  . 

Wicomico 

Worcester 


1945 

1950 

1954 

$3.68 

$5.26 

$5.45 

2.02 

4.86 

4.95 

2.87 

5.70 

5.46 

4.07 

8.44 

7.38 

2.80 

5.39 

5.07 

1.41 

4.65 

3.43 

4.38 

5.71 

6.70 

4.53 

6.47 

5.28 

3.03 

5.29 

4.48 

3  64 

4.67 

4.55 

1  85 

6.44 

7.25 

3  10 

4.87 

4.75 

2.31 

5.23 

5.68 

1955 


$5.78 
5.07 
4.55 
9.67 
6.79 

4.00 
6.16 
6.90 
5.28 
6.56 

7.49 
5.45 
6.12 


See  TABLES  VI  and  XIV  for  basic  data. 
Note:     Beginning  with  1954  costs  are  lowerdue  to  Pupil  Personnel  Services  being  shown  under  "Other 
School  Services." 


TABLE  87 

Cost  per  Public  School  Pupil  Belonging :     Current  Expenses ; 

1923—1955 


Counties  of  Maryland ; 


Yeab 


1923. 
1928. 
1933. 
1938. 
1943. 

19461 
1947. 
1948. 
1949. 
1950. 

1951. 
1952. 
1953. 
1954. 
1955. 


All  Schools 


Totalt       White      Colored 


$43 . 00 
52.62 
51.89 
61.12 
71.16 

98.28 
114.54 
157.30 
172.47 
176.92 

186.34 
206.80 
216.17 
226.44 
242.47 


$46.22 
55.85 
54.37 
63.20 
72.48 

98.27 
114.15 
153.19 
163.29 
166.09 

170.05 
193.05 
201.34 
207.43 
222 . 63 


$17.07 
24.25 
25.95 
35.15 
56.54 

76.97 

91.43 

122.59 

133.69 

140.53 

156.26 

178.44 
190.57 
207.17 
223.35 


Elementary  Schools 


Total        White      Colored 


$34.84 
42.91 
42.51 
50.70 
60.39 

80.29 

92.83 

124.19 

133.08 

137.60 

141.80 
162.26 
172.94 
181.55 
200.26 


$39.84 
47.81 
46.82 
53.41 
60.70 

83.15 

95.84 

128.27 

136.89 

140.91 

143.51 
164.27 
174.35 
182.06 
200 . 59 


$17.08 
22.97 
24.12 
30.10 
48.34 

67.46 

76.69 

105.62 

115.20 

121.18 

132 . 52 
150.97 
164.34 
178.20 
198.04 


High  Schools 


Total 


$90 . 79 
93.51 
79.32 
87.59 

100.46 

124.73 
145.20 
194.71 
207.84 
208.07 

214.60 
240.20 
246.25 
252.69 
260.41 


White 


$91 . 12 
95.82 
82.35 
90.87 

102 . 57 

127 . 02 
147.66 
198.28 
211.59 
211.11 

215.81 
241.32 
247.36 
251.80 
259.47 


Colored 


$77.38 
52.13 
44  34 
58.54 
84.23 

107.44 
134.92 
169.78 
182 . 48 
187.57 

206.56 
232.73 
239.07 
258.64 
266.86 


t  Administration,  fixed  charges  and  kindergartens  are  included  in  the  total  for  all  schools  but  are  ex- 
cluded elsewhere  in  this  table. 

t  Prior  to  1946,  pupils  in  grade  7  or  grades  7  and  8  of  junior  high  schools  were  considered  elementary 
and  not  high  school  pupils. 


Maryland  State  Department  of  Education 


151 


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152 


Eighty-Ninth  Annual  Report 


TABLE  89 

Cost*  per  Pupil  Belonging:     Maryland  Public  Elementary  Schools: 
Year  Ending  June  30,  1955 


Total 
Current 
Expenses 

Instructional  Service 

Operation 

Mainte- 
nance 

County 

Super- 
visiont 

Salaries  of 
Principals 

and 
Teachers 

Other 

Other 
School 
Services 

Total  State 

Baltimore  City 

Total  Counties 

Allegany 

Anne  Arundel .... 

Baltimore 

Calvert 

Caroline 

CarroU 

Cecil 

Charles 

Dorchester 

Frederick 

Garrett 

Harford 

Howard 

Kent 

Montgomery 

Prince  George's  .  . 
Queen  Anne's.  .  .  . 

St.  Mary's 

Somerset 

Talbot 

Washington   

Wicomico 

Worcester 

$202.72 

208.39 

200.26 

193.43 
179.75 
204.36 
193.40 
194.05 

168.03 
188.01 
219.63 
181.26 
166.60 

214.25 
189.93 
191.15 
210.24 
242.52 

193.27 
213.61 
212.14 
184.62 
198.00 

192.86 
178.59 
194.85 

$3.59 

4.02 

3.40 

3.04 
2.16 
3.07 
5,39 
3.83 

2.61 
2.49 
2.91 
3.53 
2.80 

4.19 
2.00 
3.25 
5.43 

4.77 

3.44 
4.76 
4.32 
3.66 
3.90 

3.45 
3  65 
4.60 

$142.67 

155.06 

137.30 

137.56 
131.79 
142 . 86 
118.49 
129.89 

119.54 
127.95 
144.67 
120.60 
115.34 

139.37 
129.39 
130  98 
133.85 
157.90 

135.51 
135.51 
119.28 

127.72 
136.14 

136.97 
123.87 
130.45 

$10.91 

11.53 

10.64 

7.86 
9.17 
15.16 
5.41 
6.35 

7.09 
8.50 
14.12 
5.65 
7.41 

4.21 
7.17 
7.95 
6.90 
13.50 

11.76 
7.07 

11.12 
5.19 

5.47 

7.14 
7.86 
5.75 

$19.81 

21.49 

19.08 

16.71 
15.68 
15.99 
12.71 
12.76 

11.58 
16.47 
19.96 
15,02 
14.39 

12.09 
14.93 
13.88 
17.13 
32.75 

22.36 
15.09 
23 .  74 
10,67 
16,54 

16,46 
11,71 
14,64 

$11,43 

11,01 

11.61 

7.07 

7.26 

16.83 

15.21 

6.65 

4.76 
11.43 
4.71 
6.28 
6,31 

6,02 

9.41 

6.47 

11.69 

16.14 

11.81 
8.85 

14.03 
9.36 
8.41 

12.39 

7.82 
6.50 

$14.31 

5.28 

18.23 

21   19 
13.69 
10.45 
36.19 

34.57 

22.45 
21.17 
33.26 
30.18 
20.35 

48.37 
27.03 
28.62 
35.24 
17.46 

8  39 
42.33 
39.65 

28.02 
27.54 

16.45 
23.68 
32.91 

*  Excludes  administration,  fixed  charges,  kindergartens,  and  federal  funds  for  school  lunches. 

t  Consists  of  salaries  and  travel. 

For  basic  data,  see  TABLES  VI  and  XXI. 


Maryland  State  Department  of  Education 


153 


TABLE  90 

Cost*   per   Pupil   Belonging:     Maryland   Public    White   Elementary   Schools: 
Year  Ending  June  30,  1955 


Total 
Current 
Expenses 

Instructional  Sehivice 

Operation 

Mainte- 
nance 

County 

Super- 
visiont 

Salaries  of 
Principals 

and 
Teachers 

Other 

Other 
School 
Services 

ToUl  State 

Baltimore  City 

Total  Counties 

Allegany 

Anne  Arundel .... 

Baltimore 

Calvert 

$200.59 

193.26 
180.95 
202.44 
222.94 
196.26 

166.57 
186.70 
220.80 
205.04 
167.50 

214.25 
189.38 
192.74 
212.00 
236.67 

192.30 
213.66 
220.63 
201.82 
211.65 

192.77 
181.02 
218.15 

$3.27 

3.00 
2.15 
2.77 
5.79 
3.63 

2.56 
2.49 
2.85 
2.85 
2.59 

4.19 
2.04 
2.49 
5.11 
4.68 

3.47 
4.55 
3.07 
4.15 
4.26 

3.51 
3.30 
4.19 

$137.96 

137.30 
132.19 
141.39 
131.21 
131.93 

119.32 
127.82 
144.67 
137.27 
115.84 

139.37 
130.04 
132.67 
136.52 
155.54 

135.01 
138.67 
123.74 
140.94 
144.66 

136.73 
123.71 
146.51 

$10.94 

7.84 
9.58 
15.17 
6.29 
6.58 

6.95 
8.60 
15.08 
6.13 
7.59 

4.21 
6.90 
8.04 
7.21 
13.55 

12.18 
7.04 

11.96 
5.80 
5.60 

7.13 
8.42 
5.68 

$19  30 

16.59 
15.99 
16.01 
17.47 
13.45 

11.58 
15.91 
20.90 
19.39 
14.55 

12.09 
14.31 
14.00 
18.40 
31.08 

22.44 
15.00 
29.36 
11.79 
18.32 

16.38 
13.08 
18.83 

$11.89 

7.05 

7.68 

16.86 

19.17 

7.58 

4.71 
11.79 
4.93 
7.23 
6.44 

6.02 

9.68 

7.34 

11.39 

15.19 

11.73 
8.07 
14.93 
11.96 
11.25 

12.39 
8.95 
8.94 

$17.23 

21.48 
13.36 
10.24 
43.01 
33.09 

Carroll 

21.45 

Cecil 

20.09 

Charles 

Dorchester 

Frederick 

32.37 
32.17 
20.49 

48.37 

Harford 

Howard 

26.41 
28.20 

Kent 

Montgomery 

Prince  George's  .  . 
Queen  Anne's.  .  .  . 

St.  Mary's 

Somerset 

Talbot 

33.37 
16.63 

7.47 
40.33 
37.57 
27.18 
27.56 

Washington 

Wicomico 

Worcester 

16.63 
23.56 
34.00 

*  Excludes  administration,  fixed  charges,  kindergartens,  and  federal  funds  for  school  lunches. 

t  Consists  of  salaries  and  travel. 

For  basic  data,  see  TABLES  VI  and  XXII. 

Note:     Break-down  for  Baltimore  City  not  available. 


154 


Eighty-Ninth  Annual  Report 


TABLE  91 

Cost*    per  Pupil  Belonging:     Maryland  Public  Colored  Elementary  Schools: 
Year  Ending  June  30,  1955 


Total 
Current 
Expenses 

Instructional  Service 

Operation 

Mainte- 
nance 

County 

Super- 
visiont 

Salaries  of 
Principals 

and 
Teachers 

Other 

Other 
School 
Services 

Total  State 

Baltimore  City 

Total  Counties 

$198.04 

$4  31 

$132.85 

$8.60 

$17.67 

$9.70 

$24.91 

Allegany 

Anne  Arundel .... 

Baltimore 

Calvert 

203.36 
174  55 
232.35 
167  30 
186.45 

198  28 
210.15 
218.29 
138.06 
158  16 

5  24 
2  18 
7.29 
5  03 
4  52 

3.76 
2  49 
2.98 
4.75 

4.77 

151.98 
130.05 
164  29 
107.25 
122.84 

124.13 
130.05 
144  67 
90.31 
110.66 

9  23 
7.37 
15  08 
4.63 
5.57 

9.90 

6.89 

13.02 

4.77 
5.73 

23.50 
14.35 
15.72 
8.50 
10.41 

11.51 
25.99 
18.87 
7.08 
12.98 

7.93 

5.49 

16  38 

11.72 

3.44 

5.63 
5.33 
4.45 
4.56 
5.03 

5.48 
15.11 
13.59 
30.17 

39.67 

Carroll 

43.35 

Cecil   . 

39.40 

Charles 

34.30 

Dorchester 

Frederick 

26.59 
18.99 

Garrett  . 

194  92 
184.63 
205.79 
334.16 

1.62 
6.37 
6.24 
6.14 

123:55 
124.04 
127.06 
194.85 

9.68 

7.56 

6.12 

12.73 

20.55 
13.40 
13.92 
58.99 

6^93 

2.90 

12.45 

30.99 

Harford ... 

32   59 

30  36 

Kent 

Montgomery 

40.00 
30.46 

Prince  George's  .  . 
Queen  Anne's.  .  .  . 

St.  Mary's 

Somerset 

Talbot 

199.76 
213.49 
191.98 
158.88 
170.61 

3.30 
5.30 
7.29 
2.93 
3  20 

138.85 
127.35 
108.66 
107.93 
119.04 

8.96 
7.15 
9  13 
4.29 
5.19 

21.81 
15.32 
10.39 
8.99 
12  96 

12  36 

10.87 

11.90 

5.46 

2.72 

14.48 
47.50 
44.61 
29.28 
27.50 

Washington 

Wicomico 

Worcester 

197.87 
171.46 
158.11 

4^69 
5.23 

150  30 
124.34 
105.14 

7.91 
6.21 
5.86 

20.43 
7.70 
8.03 

12.32 
4.48 
2.66 

6.91 
24.04 
31  19 

*  Excludes  administration,  fixed  charges,  kindergartens,  and  federal  funds  for  school  lunches. 

t  Consists  of  salaries  and  travel. 

For  basic  data,  see  TABLES  VI  and  XXIII. 

Note:     Break-down  for  Baltimore  City  not  available. 


Maryland  State  Department  of  Education 


155 


Cost*  per  Pupil  Belonging; 


TABLE  92 

Maryland  Public  High  Schools; 
June  30,  1955 


Year  Ending 


Total 
Current 
Expenses 

Instructional  Service 

Operation 

Mainte- 
nance 

County 

Super- 
visiont 

Salaries  of 
Principals 

and 
Teachers 

Other 

Other 
School 
Services 

Total  State 

$270.46 

$4.90 

$194.09 

$16.04 

$23.89 

$11.16 

$20.38 

Baltimore  City 

295.39 

6.19 

222.22 

14  29 

31.92 

11.79 

8  98 

Total  Counties 

260.41 

4.38 

182.76 

16.75 

20  64 

10.91 

24.97 

Allegany 

Anne  Arundel .... 

Baltimore 

Calvert 

Caroline 

250  19 
241.96 
261.45 
280 . 58 
284.48 

4.69 
3.16 
5.96 
5.27 
4.55 

176.70 
171.16 
174.16 
172.36 
201.80 

12.86 
16.40 
21.69 
13.58 
13.03 

22.48 
19.22 
20  16 
17.25 
14.18 

9.70 

8.17 

13.93 

17.88 

13.23 

23.76 
23  85 
25.55 
54.24 
37.69 

Carroll 

Cecil 

Charles 

Dorchester 

Frederick 

248.08 
290  93 
236.25 
276.80 
234.70 

5.69 
6  98 
5.38 
3  09 
3.32 

181.45 
195.66 
144  63 
185.07 
169.17 

12.22 
14.87 
15.98 
11  54 
10.56 

15.98 
27.74 
27.61 
29.16 
15.01 

7.93 
17.97 
6.51 
8.76 
9.30 

24.81 
27.71 
36  14 
39.18 
27.34 

Garrett 

Harford 

Howard 

Kent 

243.77 
255.98 
296.88 
306.53 
278.18 

3.02 
2.76 
5.93 
5.77 
3.45 

147.44 
173.08 
208.85 
199.86 
224.15 

11.36 
18.28 
16.68 
14.07 
20.53 

14.70 
24.82 
16.04 
19.38 
14.71 

7.44 

8.21 

12.18 

25.69 

7.63 

59.81 
28.83 
37.20 
41.76 

Montgomery 

7.71 

Prince  George's  .  . 
Queen  Anne's.  .  .  . 

St.  Mary's 

Somerset 

Tilbot 

254.81 
309.52 
261.61 
267.28 
260.65 

3.51 
5.07 
4.93 
6  04 
4.29 

176.94 
205.96 
154.95 
186.10 
185.27 

16  03 
13.66 
14.78 
8.73 
14.51 

28.81 
21.70 
16.02 
18.89 
22.57 

11.53 

14.22 

20.72 

8.82 

6.28 

17.99 
48.91 
50.21 
38.70 
27.73 

Washington   

Wicomico 

Worcester 

249.13 
246.21 
299.25 

4.56 
1.97 
5.40 

181.90 
165.18 
196.13 

14.61 
17.12 
16  09 

15.88 
21.00 
25.32 

12.40 
8.47 
9.58 

19.78 
32.47 
46.73 

*  Excludes  administration,  fixed  charges,  and  federal  funds  for  school  lunches. 

t  Consists  of  salaries  and  travel. 

For  basic  data,  see  TABLES  VI  and  XXIV. 


156 


Eighty-Ninth  Annual  Report 


TABLE  93 

Cost*  per  Pupil  Belonging:     Maryland  Public  White  High  Schools: 
Year  Ending  June  30,  1955 


Total 
Current 
Expenses 

Instructional  S 

BBVICE 

Operation 

Mainte- 
nance 

County 

Super- 
visiont 

Salaries  of 
Principals 

and 
Teachers 

Other 

Other 
School 
Services 

Total  State 

Baltimore  City 

Total  Counties 

$259.47 

$4.42 

$183.30 

$16.91 

$20.41 

$10.95 

$23.48 

Allegany 

Anne  Arundel .... 

Baltimore 

Calvert 

Caroline 

248.20 
245.14 
257.27 
300.15 
288.98 

4.54 
3.93 
5.71 

5.27 
4.92 

175.39 
173.82 
171.54 
176.32 
206.64 

12.65 
17.25 
21.24 
14.97 
13.88 

22.34 
20.04 
19.66 
17.73 
14.22 

9.62 

7,61 

13.60 

24.61 

15.65 

23.66 
22.49 
25.52 
61.25 
33.67 

Carroll 

Cecil 

247.64 
288.11 
237.14 
271.36 
236.29 

5.65 
6.98 
4.63 

3.58 
3.27 

181.88 
195.10 
144.67 
179.53 
170.99 

12.16 
14.84 
15.82 
12.54 
10.55 

16.13 
26.96 
30.45 
29.73 
15.23 

7.87 
18.70 
7,18 
8.88 
9.25 

23.95 
25.53 

Charles 

Dorchester 

Frederick 

34.39 
37.10 
27.00 

Garrett 

Harford 

Howard 

Kent 

Montgomery 

243.77 
254.65 
304.76 
309.30 
275.47 

3.02 
2.94 
5.57 
5.81 
3.49 

147.44 
172.34 
214.63 
207.86 
223.21 

11.36 
17.95 
17.07 
13.99 
20.47 

14.70 
24.92 
16.85 
20.81 
13.86 

7.44 

8.13 

13.46 

23.77 

7.16 

59.81 
28.37 
37.18 
37.06 
7.28 

Prince  George's  .  . 
Queen  Anne's.  .  .  . 

St.  Mary's 

Somerset 

Talbot    

252.88 
320.28 
260.22 
295.79 
270.85 

248.54 
244.49 
312.81 

3.50 
4.64 
4.85 
6.97 
6.25 

4.66 
1.96 
5.50 

177.19 
213.20 
151.16 
205.34 
191.27 

181.22 
165.14 
212.71 

16.33 
14. 56 
14.25 
10.05 
15.78 

14.54 
17.67 
16.66 

28.56 
23.75 
17.21 
22.74 
22.95 

15.65 
20.05 
25.88 

11.84 

17.03 

20.39 

9.68 

6.27 

12.39 
10.48 
10.14 

15.46 
47.10 
52.36 
41.01 
28.33 

Washington   

Wicomico 

Worcester 

20.08 
29.19 
41.92 

*  Excludes  administration,  fixed  charges,  and  federal  funds  for  school  lunches. 

t  Consists  of  salaries  and  travel. 

For  basic  data,  see  TABLES  VI  and  XXV. 

Note:     Break-down  for  Baltimore  City  not  available. 


Maryland  State  Department  of  Education 


157 


TABLE  94 

Cost*   per   Pupil    Belonging:     Maryland   Public    Colored    High   Schools: 
Year  Ending  June  30,  1955 


Total 
Current 
Expenses 

Instructional  Service 

Operation 

Mainte- 
nance 

County 

Super- 
visionf 

Salaries  of 
Principals 

and 
Teachers 

Other 

Other 
School 
Services 

Total  State 

Baltimore  City 

Total  Counties 

$266.86 

$4.07 

$178.96 

$15.59 

$22.30 

$10.62 

$35.32 

Allegany 

Anne  Arundel .... 

Baltimore 

Calvert 

Caroline 

382.52 
229.01 
317.43 
256.82 
268.75 

14.63 

9.21 
5.26 
3.26 

264.27 
160.32 
209.37 
167.55 
184.87 

26.48 
12.92 
27.74 
11.89 
10.07 

31.87 
15.91 
26.81 
16.68 
14.05 

15.02 

10.44 

18.31 

9.70 

4.77 

30.25 
29.42 
25.99 
45.74 
51.73 

CarroU 

Cecil 

255.38 
327.87 
235.02 
291.95 
216.42 

6.28 
7.00 
6.42 
1.73 
3.95 

174.18 
203.03 
144.58 
200.49 
148.31 

13.16 
15.34 
16.19 
8.75 
10.59 

13.33 
37.88 
23.68 
27.55 
12.49 

9.02 
8.51 
5.59 
8.45 
9.90 

39.41 
56  11 

Charles              .... 

38.56 

Dorchester 

Frederick 

44.98 
31.18 

Garrett 

265. 7i 
263.66 
299.93 
318.16 

i'.52 
7.48 
5.68 
2.95 

178^50 
184.45 
180.75 
238.10 

26:65 
15.04 
14.26 
21.26 

24.  ii 
12.63 
15  95 
27.26 

8.81 

6  80 

30.27 

14.52 

32.12 

37.26 

Kent   

Montgomery 

53.02 
14.07 

Prince  George's  .  . 
Queen  Anne's .... 

St.  Mary's 

Somerset 

Talbot 

267.05 
281.05 
264  59 
224.57 
238.33 

3.58 
6.20 
5.10 
4.65 

175.38 
186.81 
163.08 
157.30 
172.16 

14.16 
11.26 
15.91 
6.76 
11.73 

30.35 
16.28 
13.48 
13.11 
21.74 

9.57 
6.79 
21  43 
7.51 
6.30 

34.01 
53.71 
45.59 
35.24 
26.40 

Washington   

Wicomico 

Worcester 

274  37 
251.57 
271.29 

2^02 
5.19 

211.48 
165.29 
161  93 

17.52 
15.42 
14.93 

25  96 
23.93 
24.17 

12.47 

2.24 
8.44 

6.94 
42.67 
56.63 

*  Excludes  administration,  fixed  charges,  and  federal  funds  for  school  lunches. 

t  Consists  of  salaries  and  travel. 

For  basic  data,  see  TABLES  VI  and  XXVI. 

Note:     Break-down  for  Baltimore  City  not  available. 


158 


Eighty-Ninth  Annual  Report 


TABLE  95 
Average  Annual  Salary  per  Maryland  County  Teacher  and  Principal:   1923-1955 


Average  Annual  Salary  per  Teacher  and  Principal 

Year  Ending 
Jtjne  30 

White 

Colored 

Elementary 

High 

Elementary 

High 

1923 

$    990 

1,155 
1,231 
1,295 
1,539 

2,027 
2.306 
3,234 
3,236 
3,342 

3,418 
3,637 
3,733 
3,723 
3.717 

$1,436 
1,544 
1,532 
1,587 
1,735 

2,183 
2,439 
3,446 
3,318 
3,344 

3,359 
3,646 
3,726 
3,853 
4,191 

$    513 

602 

657 

745 

1,291 

1,737 
2,002 
3,157 
2,916 
3,023 

3,126 
3,385 
3,535 
3,697 
3,957 

$    906 

1928 

897 

1933 

837 

1938 

905 

1943 

1946 

1947 

1,450 

1,845 
2,100 

1948 

3,178 

1949 

2,885 

1950 

2,888 

1951 

2,934 

1952 

3,272 

1953 

3,358 

1954 

3,518 

1955 

3,764 

Maryland  State  Department  of  Education 


159 


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to_x_tc_to_  x_x_'*_co_m  .-it-^ 

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166 


Eighty-Ninth  Annual  Report 


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Maryland  State  Department  of  Education 


le-; 


TABLE  104 

Expenditures   of  Public   Funds   for   Pupil    Transportation    per   Pupil   Transported: 
Counties  of  Maryland :     Year  Ending  June  30,  1955 


N.B.— Underlying  data  will  be  found  in  TABLES  102  and  103. 


168 


Eighty-Ninth  Annual  Report 


TABLE  105 

Number  of  Schools  to  Which  Transportation  Was   Provided   at   Public   Expense: 
Number  of  Vehicles  Used :     State  of  Maryland :     Year  Ending  June  30,  1955 


Total 
Number 

of 
Schools 

Number  of  Schools  to  Which 
Transportation    Was    Provided 

Number  of  Vehicles 

County 

Total 

Schooh  for  White  Pupils 

Schools 

for 
Colored 
Pupils 

Buses  Owned  by 

Private 

Ele- 
mentary 
Only 

Com- 
bined 
Elem.  & 
High 

High 
School 
Only 

County 

Con- 
tractors 

Cars  and 

Station 

Wagons 

Total  State  .  . 

Baltimore  City  . 

Total  Counties  . 

Allegany 

A.  ArundelJ.  . 
Baltimore.  .  .  . 

Calvert 

Caroline 

Carroll 

Cecil 

Charles 

Dorchester .  .  . 
Frederick .... 

Garrett 

Harford 

Howard 

Kent 

Montgomery 

Pr.  George's.  . 
Queen  Anne's 

St.  Mary's.  .  . 
Somerset  .... 
Talbot 

Washington .  . 
Wicomico .... 
Worcester  .  .  . 

938 
164 

774 

34 
64 
77 
17 
13 

21 
24 
19 
31 
38 

25 
23 
16 
16 
91 

99 
15 
21 
22 
20 

45 
26 
17 

719 

15 

704 

29 
57 
72 
16 
12 

21 
23 
19 
29 
36 

23 
23 
15 
16 

80 

76 
15 
21 
20 
20 

42 
22 
17 

390 

18 

34 

45 

6 

3 

8 
12 

2 
15 
21 

21 

16 

6 

7 

53 

41 
9 

11 
5 
8 

31 

10 

8 

49 

4 

"2 

'    5 

9 

4 
4 

'    5 

'    3 
1 

1 

'    3 

3 
3 

2 

101 

5 

8 

12 

2 

2 
4 
1 
4 
3 

2 
5 
2 
2 
15 

14 
3 
3 
2 
2 

7 
2 

1 

164 

2 
15 
13 

8 
4 

2 

3 

12 

10 

7 

'   2 

4 

6 

12 

20 

3 

7 

10 

10 

1 
7 
6 

431 
431 
■74 

5 

1 

'  i 

18 

2 
32 

138 
119 

'2 
38 

■  i 

1,376 

15 

1,361 

94 

117 

155 

38 

43 

60 
56 
54 
53 
82 

75 
86 
49 
35 

32 
37 
46 
47 
33 

49 
63 

57 

95 

95 

11 

*3 

3 

3 

1 

*4 
3 

10 
3 

*2 

tl5 

*4 

"2 

"9 

13 

t 

*4 
3 
2 

*  Each  asterisk  denotes  one  county-owned  station  wagon. 

t  Excludes  one  horse  in  Garrett  and  one  boat  in  Somerset. 

X  Excludes  elementary  school  at  Bowie  State  Teachers  College  and  bus  carrying  pupils  there. 

Note:     Break-down  for  Baltimore  City  not  available. 


Maryland  State  Department  of  Education 


169 


TABLE    106 — Federal    Vocational    Funds    Allotted    and    Expended    in    Maryland 

1954-55 


Type  of 
Vocational  Program 

1955 
Allotment 

19.55 
Expenditures 

Balance, 
June  30,  1955 

Total              

$384,593.74 

103,634.31 

162,888.50 

87,440.00 

1.5,630.93 

1.5,000.00 

$36.5,109.17 

101,139.29 

145,910.13 

87,428.82 

1.5,630.93 

15,000.00 

$19,484.57 

Agriculture 

2,495.02 
16,978.37 

11.18 

Teacher  Training  and  Supervision  .  .  . 

TABLE  107 

Expenditure.s  for  Administration  and  Supervision  and  Teacher  Training  in  Vocational 
Education:     State  of  Maryland:     Year  Ending  June  30.  1955 


Type  of 

Vocational 

Program 

Source  of  Expenditures 

Total 

Agriculture 

Trades  and 
Industry 

Home 
Economics 

Distributive 
Education 

Total 

State  and  University  Funds  . 
Federal  Funds 

State  Administration  and  Super- 
vision 

State  Funds               

$32,796.71 
28,773.70 

25,776.21 
27,044.20 

7,020.50 
1,729.50 

$9,188.81 
9,561.07 

7,688.81 
8,061.07 

1,500.00 
1,500.00 

$8,896.91 
9,664.26 

8,896.91 
9,664.26 

$14,710.99 
9,548.37 

9,190.49 
9,318.87 

5,520.50 
229.50 

Federal  Funds 

Teacher  Training 

University  of  Md.  Funds.  .  .  . 
Federal  Funds    

170 


Eighty-Ninth  Annual  Report 


TABLE    108 — Expenditures    of  Federal    Vocational    Funds   in    Maryland  : 

1954-55 


Type  of 
Vocational  Program 


All 
Subjects 


Agri- 
culture 


Trades  and 
Industry 


Home 
Economics 


Distributive 
Education 


Total  Expended  in  Maryland.  .  .  . 

Instruction  in  Counties: 

Day  Schools — White 

Colored 

Adult  Education 

Instruction  in  Baltimore  City: 

Day  Schools 

Adult  Education 

Co-operative  and  Continuation 
Supervision 

Instruction  by  the  University  of 
Maryland: 

Mining 

Volunteer  Firemen 

Teacher  Training  and  Guidance 

State  Administration  and  Super- 
vision   

Nursing  Aide  Instruction 


$365,109.17      $104,265.48 


139,845.97 
37,362.44 
4.5,738.00 


72,126.76 

22,272.25 

9,262.50 

2,971.55 


2,196.00 
4.220.00 
1,729.50 


27,044.20 
340.00 


74,382.73 
17,666.18 
2,655.50 


1,500.00 
8,061.07 


$151,800.65 


27,040.58 

5,311.25 

14,590.00 


72,126.76 
13,340.25 


2,971.55 


2,196.00 
4,220.00 


9,664.26 
340.00 


$94,043.04 


35,981.16 
14,385.01 
28,492.50 


5,636.00 


229.50 
9,318.87 


$15,000.00 
2,441.50 


3,296.00 
9,262.50 


Maryland  State  Department  of  Education 


171 


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173 


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174 


Eighty-Ninth  Annual  Report 


TABLE  112— Expenditures     for     Adult     Education     in     Maryland:     1954-55 


Expenditures 

FOR     SAIJVRIES 

Per  Cent  of 
Salaries 

Expendi- 
tures for 
Purposes 

Other 

than 
Salaries 

Receipts 

County 

Total 

Federal 
Funds 

State 
Funds 

Other 
Funds 

Fed- 
eral 
Funds 

State 
Funds 

Other 
Funds 

from 
Fees 

Total  State 

Baltimore  City 

Total  Counties 

Allegany 

Anne  Arundel .... 

Baltimore 

Calvert 

$451,260.48 

316.159.69 

135.100.79 

9.934.50 

3,520.00 

30,933.50 

909.00 

315.00 

2,196.50 
1,311.00 
2.122.50 
1.817.75 
662.50 

1,290.25 

11,623.00 

491.00 

245.00 

31.602.25 

20.081.54 

758.50 

110.00 

110.00 

1,112.50 

10,559.00 
2.213.50 
1.182.00 

$68,010.25 

22.272.25 

45.738.00 

4.090.00 

1.006.50 

12.748.00 

348.00 

589.50 
735.00 
874.50 
630.00 
82.50 

273.50 

2,058.00 

66.00 

7,788.60 

7,770.00 
110.00 

705.50 

5,102.00 
431.50 
329.50 

$72,450.00 

20,000.00 

52,450.00 

.5,122.00 

2.421.50 

9,577.11 

528.00 

315.00 

1,003.74 

576.00 

1,046.50 

1,046.06 

560.64 

884.75 

7.579.73 

425.00 

245.00 

8,033.36 

5,783.46 
637.00 
110.00 
110.00 
264.00 

3,627.80 

1.782.00 

771.35 

$310,800.23 

273.887.44 

36.912.79 

722.50 

92.00 

8.608.39 

33.00 

603.26 

201.50 

141.69 

19.36 

132.00 
1.985.27 

15,'780.89 

6.528.08 
11.50 

143.00 

1.829.20 

'  8l'.i5 

15.1 

7.1 

33.9 

41.2 
28.6 
41.2 
38.3 

26.8 
56.1 
41.2 
34.7 
12.5 

21.2 
17.7 
13.4 

24^7 

38.7 
14.5 

63!4 

48.3 
19.5 
27.9 

16.0 
6.3 

38.8 

51.5 
68.8 
31.0 
58.1 
100.0 

45.7 
43.9 
49.3 
57.5 
84.6 

68.6 
65.2 
86.6 
100.0 
25.4 

28.8 

84.0 

100.0 

100.0 

23.7 

34.4 
80.5 
65.2 

68.9 

86.6 

27.3 

7.3 

2.6 

27.8 

3.6 

27.5 

9^5 
7.8 
2.9 

10.2 
17.1 

49!9 

32.5 
1.5 

12^9 

17.3 

6^9 

$16,229.88 

6.855.90 

9.373.98 

66.81 

6.00 

3,264.92 

'28.00 

156.00 
138.51 

'  30.66 

36.66 

67.00 

219.86 

3.229.46 

2,016.83 

'  15.66 

9.56 

67.06 
22.91 

$55,436.41 

55,436.41 

2,980.27 

958.00 

8.950.00 

62.00 

Carroll 

Cecil 

430.55 
241.00 

Charles 

Dorchester 

Frederick 

Garrett 

32.00 
68.00 

Harford 

3,122.78 

Howard 

Kent 

133.25 

Montgomery 

Prince  George's  .  . 
Queen  Anne's.  .  .  . 

St.  Mary's 

Somerset 

Talbot.  .  .  . 

23,921.52 
8,721..50 

301.50 

"Washington 

Wicomico 

Worcester 

5,253.04 
261.00 

Maryland  State  Department  of  Education 


175 


TABLE  113 — Adult  Education  Classes:     Number  of  Teachers  and  Enrollment 
by  Subject :     State  of  Maryland  :     1954-55 


County 


Total  State .... 

Baltimore  City . 

Total  Counties. 

Allegany.  .  . 
Anne  Arundel 
Baltimore  .  .  . 

Calvert 

Caroline 

Carroll 

Cecil 

Charles 

Dorchester  .  . 
Frederick .... 

Garrett 

Harford 

Howard 

Kent 

Montgomery . 

Prince  Georgp 
Queen  Anne's. 
St.  Mary's.  .  . 
Somerset.  .  .  . 
Talbot 

Washington  . 
Wicomico.  .  . 
Worcester    .  . 


i 

EVROLLMENT 

Number 
of 

Teachers 

Total 

Agri- 

Home 

Industrial 

Business 

General 

culture 

Economics 

Education 

Education 

1,016 

29  ,456 

469 

5.548 

2,474 

4,811 

16,154 

516 

13  .491 

1,570 

874 

732 

10,315 

500 

15  ,965 

469 

3.978 

1,600 

4,079 

5.839 

39 

1,208 

52 

410 

117 

224 

405 

20 

630 

20 

120 

34 

323 

133 

130 

3,182 

681 

628 

764 

1,109 

9 

244 

17 

54 

47 

126 

1 

28 

28 

10 

331 

32 

84 

68 

147 

6 

116 

21 

95 

9 

214 

81 

96 

37 

16 

356 

83 

45 

105 

123 

4 

75 

15 

21 

39 

9 

192 

43 

71 

78 

53 

1,106 

21 

175 

37 

294 

579 

6 

131 

25 

72 

34 

3 

63 

23 

40 

92 

3,290 

39 

1  ,159 

70 

389 

1,633 

56 

2,500 

942 

106 

855 

597 

4 

82 

14 

56 

12 

2 

34 

34 

1 

20 

20 

5 

138 

57 

42 

16 

23 

20 

1  ,494 

66 

154 

503 

323 

448 

3 

328 

17 

37 

146 

128 

2 

203 

46 

91 

66 

176 


Eighty-Ninth  Annual  Report 


TABLE  114— Adult  Education  Program :     Titles  of  Courses  Offered :     Counties 
of  Maryland:     1954-55 

Title  of  Course 

Number 
of  Classes 

Title  of  Course 

Number 
of  Classes 

Agriculture 

23 
4 

27 

137 

2 

13 

12 

9 

19 

3 

195 

1 
3 
12 
7 
2 
1 
7 
1 
2 
4 
7 
1 
2 
6 
3 
2 
1 
1 
3 
1 

67 

Business  Education 

Bookkeeping 

Business  Education 

Shorthand 

Typing 

Total 

General 

Americanization 

Art 

Arts  and  Crafts 

Ceramics 

Dramatics 

Driver  Education 

English 

First  Aid 

10 

Farm  Practices 

4 

Total 

44 
103 

Home  Economics 

Clothinp  Construction 

161 

Cooking 

Home  Crafts 

5 

Home  Economics 

51 

Interior  Decorating 

11 

Millinery 

28 

Slip  Covers 

2 

Total 

10 
2 

3 

Trades  and  Industry 

General  Education 

3 

Aerodynamics 

High  School  Certificate 

34 

Automobile  Mechanics 

Home  Crafts 

Home  Economics 

5 

Blueprint  Reading 

1 

Building  Trades 

26 

Cosmetology 

Jewelry  and  Gem  Cutting    . 

8 

Electric  Arc  and  Acetylene  Welding .  . 
Electronics 

Law 

Lip  Reading 

Mathematics 

Modern  Foreign  Language 

Music — Instrumental  and  Vocal  .  .  . 

Physical  Education 

Psychology 

1 
1 

Familiarization 

5 

Human  Relations 

8 

Industrial  Safety 

17 

Machine  Shop 

13 

Master  Lines 

2 

8 

Radio  and  Television 

Real  Estate 

1 

Shop  Math 

Statistical  Quality  Control 

Recreation 

Science 

Shop 

Social  Studies 

7 
1 

Technical  Illustration 

6 

Use  and  Care  of  Transit 

1 

Welding 

Upholstering 

Woodwork  and  Metalcraft 

Total 

4 

Wood  Shop 

50 

Total 

314 

Maryland  State  Department  of  Education 


177 


TABLE   115 


Enrollment   in    Adult   Education   Classes: 
1953,   1954,  and   1955 


Baltimore    City ; 


Type  of  Class 


Total . 


Americanization 

Elementary 

Secondary 

Commercial  (Distributive  Education) .  . 
Vocational: 

Industrial 

Home  Economics 

Parent  Education 

Industrial  Training  CGeneral) 

Informal  Program  (Noncredit) 

Speech  and  Lip  Reading  Classes 

Vocational  Education  (Veterans) 

Foremanship  and  Apprentice  Training 


Total  Number  of  Principals  and  Teachers . 


Net  Roll,  February 


1953 


13  ,491 

693 

613 

1,632 

2,396 

823 
1,294 
2,341 

373 

1,868 

32 

499 

927 


514 


1954 


14  ,589 

670 

850 

1,980 

2,743 

824 
1,537 
2,087 

413 
2,046 

514 
925 


1955 


14  ,667 

751 

820 

4,478 

732 

874 
1,570 
2,087 

325 
1,854 

263 
913 


516 


178 


Eighty-Ninth  Annual  Report 


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180 


Eighty-Ninth  Annu.'^l  Report 


TABLE  118 

Participation  and  Reimbursement  Paid:     Special  School  Milk  Program: 
Maryland  Public  Schools:     1954-55* 


County 

Number  of 

Approved  Schools 

Participating 

in  Program 

Per  Cent  of  Total 

Schools  in  State 

Participating 

in  Program 

Total  Number 

of  One-Half 

Pints  Milk 

Reimbursable 

Reimbursement 
Paid 

Total  State 

713 

159 

554 

32 

64 

33 

8 

3 

17 
18 

ii 

40 

9 
23 
16 
14 
86 

76 
14 

io 

4 

43 

27 

6 

76.0 

96.9 

71.6 

94.1 
100.0 
42.9 
47.1 
23.1 

80.9 
75.0 

35.5 
100.0 

36  0 

100.0 

100.0 

87.5 

94.5 

76.8 
93.3 

45.5 
20.0 

95.5 

100.0 

35.3 

4,209,820 

621,246 

3,588,574 

138,255 

180,664 

638,049 

23,680 

11,970 

74,007 
49,618 

76,376 
150,027 

119,399 
123,860 
107,175 
39,280 
537,106 

859,163 
81,728 

14.735 
61,112 

137,904 

104,302 

60,164 

$152,383.79 

22,299.49 

130,084.30 

5,530.20 

6,434.03 

21,811.27 

Calvert 

852.85 

478.80 

Carroll 

2,745.13 

Cecil 

1,«79.10 

2,594.09 

5,470.50 

Garrett 

4,767.48 

Harford    

4,482.49 

4,138.74 

Kent 

1,497.02 

19,217.30 

Prince  George's 

31,162.50 
3,028.75 

540.54 

Talbot 

2,056.19 

5,188.73 

4,203.94 

2,004.65 

*  Program  not  in  operation  in  Maryland  prior  to  November  1954. 
January  1955. 


Maximum  participation  reached  in 


Maryland  State  Department  of  Education 


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182 


Eighty-Ninth  Annual  Report 


TABLE  120 

Maryland    Public   School    Bonded    Indebtedness    Related   to   Assessed   Valuation 

June  30,  1955 


School  Bonded  Indebtedness  as  of 
June  30,  1955 

1954  Assessed 

Valuation 

Taxable  at 

Ful!  Rate  for 

County 

Purposes 

Assessed 
Valuation 

Der  Dollar  of 
School 
Bonded 

Indebtedness 

Per  Cent 
School 

County 

Total 

County 
Bonds 

State 
Loant 

Bonded 
Indebtedness 
Is  of  Assess- 
ed Valuation 

Total  State 

Baltimore  City . 

Total  Counties    . 

Allegany 

Anne  Arundel . 
Baltimore  .... 

Calvert   

Caroline 

Carroll 

Cecil           .    . 

$222,808,585 
♦54,491,000 
168,317,585 

4,830,000 
16,865,254 
47,324,583 

1.300,164 
532,534 

1,800,000 
2,455,441 
1,529,293 
3,473.740 
1,867,404 

1,565,928 
6,176,047 
2,830,368 
1,183,838 
36,195,850 

23,424,363 

1,509,166 

830.630 

957,413 

1.465,891 

2,622,000 
5,967,678 
1,610,000 

$169,407,585 

54,491,000 

114,916,585 

2,640,000 

12,064,000 

32,449,000 

759,000 

35.000 

1.000.000 
1.975,000 

594.000 
2,567.740 

124.000 

1.050.000 

4,975.000 

1.647.470 

650.000 

28.210,875 

17,024,000 
926,000 

1,500 
450,000 

100.000 
4,504.000 
1,170.000 

$53,401,000 

53.401,000 

2,190.000 

4,801,254 

14,875,583 

541,164 

497,534 

800,000 
480.441 
935,293 
906,000 
1.743.404 

515,928 
1,201,047 
1,182,898 

533,838 
7,984,975 

6,400,363 
583,166 
830,630 
955,913 

1,015,891 

2,522,000 

1,463,678 

440.000 

$5,818,083,879 

t2,330,272,879 

3,487,811,000 

{149,656,396 

{202,550,064 

{908,619,495 

15.833,645 

26,375,463 

S3,047,652 

{73,508,395 

27,495,545 

58,559,8.50 

121,471,385 

28,448,479 

{129,182,494 

39,897.420 

25.338,155 

{705,258,380 

{447,576,432 
33,005,167 
30,535,028 
20,749,229 
42,392,435 

{176,899,588 
86,728,026 
54,682,277 

$26 

43 

21 

31 
12 
19 
12 
49 

46 
30 
18 
17 
65 

18 
21 
14 
21 
19 

19 
22 
37 
22 
29 

67 
15 
34 

3.8 

2.3 

4.8 

3  2 
8.3 
5.2 
8.2 
2.0 

2.2 
3.3 

Charles 

Dorchester  .  .  . 
Frederick 

Garrett  

Harford 

Howard 

Kent 

5.6 
5  9 
1.5 

5.5 
4.8 
7.1 

4.7 

Montgomery .  . 

Prince  George's 
Queen  Anne's  . 
St.  Mary's.  .  .  . 

Somerset 

Talbot 

Washington .  .  . 
Wicomico 
Worcester  .... 

5.1 

5.2 
4  6 
2.7 
4  6 
3  5 

1.5 
6.9 
2.9 

*  Includes  sinking  fund  balance  of  $2,408,553.59. 

t  General  School  Construction  Loan. 

{  Excludes  valuation  of  Federal  Housing  Authority. 


Maryland  State  Department  of  Eimtation 


183 


TABLE  121 

Maryland  Public  School  Bonded  Indebtedness*  and  Interest  Payments  per  Pupil 

Belonging:     1954-55 


County 

School 
Bonded 
Indebted- 
ness 

Interest 
Payments 

County 

School     1 

Bonded    ]     Interest 
Indebted-     Payments 
ness 

Total  State 

$494.17 

386.81 

542,91 

309.54 
636  54 
823.01 
393.75 
135.75 

199.60 
312.71 
255  78 
647.24 
156  41 

$10  87 

7  63 

12  34 

6  59 
13.87 
20  51 
10.73 

2.41 

2.99 
6  14 
5  33 

15.72 
2  93 

Garrett 

1 
$339  46     1        $6  48 

Baltimore  City 

Harford 

501   42     ;          9  63 
538  19               9  28 

Kent 

404.59               7  88 

Total  Counties 

757  39             18  30 

509  58             11   55 

Anne  Arundel 

472 . 06 
199  43 
241  89 
378.98 

159.99 
757.22 
341  46 

6  09 

Baltimore 

Calvert 

St.  Mary's 

3  42 

4  01 

Talbot 

5  63 

Carroll 

Cecil 

Washington 

2  98 
17  67 

Charles 

Dorchester 

Worcester 

4  26 

Frederick 

*  Includes  General  School  Construction  Loan. 


TABLE  122 
Value  of  Public  School  Property  per  Pupil :     State  of  Maryland  :     1923-1955 


Value  of  School  Property* 

Value  per  Pupil 

Year 

Total 
State 

Baltimore 
City 

Total 
Counties 

Total 
SUte 

Baltimore 
City 

Total 
Counties 

1923 

1928 

1933 

$22,236,638 
51,765,517 
66,030,676 
81,336,202 
89,953,989 

94,935,593 

96.879,433 

104,461.410 

120,474,231 

147,205,363 

179,725,597 
205,918,642 
255,771,447 
309,979,448 
374,974,771 

$10,440,008 
32,770.847 
40.679.936 
49,633,230 
50,463,694 

49.726.430 
49,800,279 
50,639,234 
50,258,400 
50,659,159 

50,659,159 
50.647,823 
61,881,725 
83,299,575 
111,128,307 

$11,796,630 
18,994,670 
25,350,740 
31,702.972 
39,490,295 

45,209,163 
47,079,154 
53.822.176 
70,215,831 
96,546,204 

129,066,438 
155,270,819 
193,889,722 
226,679,873 
263,846,464 

$87 
191 
225 
277 
300 

320 
322 
338 
373 
429 

490 
533 
619 
733 
832 

$100 
291 
335 
410 
430 

442 
440 
437 
428 
417 

405 

$77 
120 
147 

1938 

184 

1943 

217 

1946 

245 

1947 

251 

1948 

1949 

1950 

1951 

278 
342 
435 

533 

1952 

1953 

1954t 

1955t 

394                 603 
455       i          699 
620                 786 
789                 851 

*  Excludes  administration  buildings,  warehouses,  storage  buildings,  and  school  buildings  under  con- 
struction or  no  longer  in  use. 

t  See  footnotes  on  page  184.  TABLE  123. 


184 


Eighty-Ninth  Annual  Report 


TABLE  123 
Value*  of  Maryland  School  Property  per  Pupil  Belonging :     Year  Ending  June  30, 1955 


County 


Total  State 

Baltimore  Cityt.  • 

Total  Counties 

Allegany 

Anne  Arundel . 

Baltimore 

Calvert 

Caroline 

Carroll 

Cecil 

Charles 

Dorchester.  .  .  . 
Frederick 

Garrett 

Harford 

Howard 

Kent   

Montgomery.  .  . 

Prince  George's 
Queen  Anne's.  . 

St.  Ma'-y's 

Somerset 

Talbot 

Washington   .  .  . 

Wicomico 

Worcester 


All  Schools 


Total 
Value 


$374,974,771 

111,128,307 

263,846,464 

13,626,500 

23,264,029 

48,904,229 

2,110,400 

2,443,204 

6,764,100 
7,391,600 
6,107,455 
7,891,380 
8,086,805 

4,132,510 

12,555,492 

3,230,500 

2,199,200 

41,487,535 

35,854,327 
2,625,645 
2,426,015 
2,383,131 
3,327,160 

12,044,970 
10,908,027 
4,082,250 


Average 
per  Pupil 


$831.62 

788.86 

851.04 

873.25 
878 . 05 
850.48 
639.21 
622.84 

750.06 

941.37 

1,021.52 

1,470.24 

677.37 

895 . 88 
1,019  34 
614.28 
751  53 
868.12 

779.99 
821.33 
582  50 
602.01 
860.09 

734.95 

1,384.13 

865.71 


Schools  for  White 
Pupils 


Total 
Value 


$234,834,656 

13,268,300 

18.829,031 

45,880.843 

1,243.000 

2,021,925 

6,426,100 
6,742,800 
4,583,533 
6,551,025 
7,510,155 

4,132,510 

10,798,700 

2,854,700 

1,663,100 

39,279,185 

31,180,386 
1,993,345 
2,068,000 
1,699,511 
2,539,410 

11,463,970 
8,182,877 
3,922,250 


Average 
per  Pupil 


$867.11 

864.37 
878.33 
854.33 
757.83 
664.28 

750.33 

914.66 

1,388.70 

1,795.79 

691.42 

895.88 
982 . 03 
673 . 82 
797.96 

874.23 

781.95 
862 . 99 
712  78 
716.13 
972.65 

713.49 
1,384.98 
1,308.90 


Schools  for 

Colored 

Pupils 

Total 

Average 

Value 

per  Pupil 

$29,011,808 

$740.06 

358,200 

1,409,68 

4,434,998 

876.86 

3,023,386 

796.09 

867,400 

522.09 

421,279 

479.33 

338,000 

744.99 

648,800 

1,351.39 

1,523,922 

569.01 

1,340,355 

779.55 

576,650 

535.62 

1,756,792 

1,329!  89 

375,800 

367.57 

536,100 

636.62 

2,208,350 

772.15 

4,673,941 

767.19 

632,300 

712.85 

358,015 

283.25 

683,620 

431.20 

787,750 

626.39 

581,000 

1,807.72 

2,725,150 

1,381.57 

160,000 

93.08 

*  Value  based  on  100  per  cent  of  the  insured  valuation  for  each  school  building  and  the  equipment 
thereof.     Value  of  sites  has  been  excluded. 

t  Baltimore  City  shows  value  of  buildings  and  equipment  as  carried  by  the  Bureau  of  Accounts  and 
Disbursements;  this  valuation  does  not  constitute  the  basis  for  insurance. 

Note:     Break-down  for  Baltimore  City  not  available. 


Maryland  State  Department  of  Education 


185 


TABLE   124 

Calculated  Maryland  County  School  Tax  Rates  and  Published  County  Tax  Rates ; 

1954-55 


Calculated  Public  School  Tax  Rates* 

Published 
Tax  Ratest 

Additional 

County 

Total 

Current 
Expenses 

Debt  Service 

and  Capital 

Outlay 

Districts  and 

Incorporated 

Placest 

Total  State 

$1.32 
1   17 

$1.08 
1.07 

$0.24 
0.10 

$2.82 

Baltimore  City" 

Total  Counties 

1.42 

1.08 

0.34 

Allegany 

Anne  Arundel"  .  . 

Baltimore" 

Calvert 

Caroline 

1.20 
1.40 
1  34 
1.70 
1.05 

0.97 
ol.02 
al.05 
al.  16 

0.99 

0  23 
0  38 
0.29 
0.54 
0.06 

1.80 
1  94 
1.98 
1.65 
1.50 

$0.10— $1.36 
0.75—  1.39 

0.75—  i. 00 
0.25—  1.15 

Carroll" 

Cecil 

Charles 

Dorchester" 

Frederick" 

1.20 
1  22 
1.54 
1.07 
1   12 

0.94 
aO  89 
aO.92 

0  83 
aO.96 

0.26 
0  33 
0  62 
0.24 
0.16 

1.47 
1.45 
1.55 
1.60 
1.40 

0.50—  0.85 
0.20—  1.28 
0.50—  0.80 
0.50—  1.25 
0.10—   1.50 

Garrett" 

Harford".  ...... 

Howard" 

Kent" 

1.20 
1.04 
1.30 
1  40 
1  63 

0.75 
a0.81 
al.02 

1  03 
al.27 

0  45 
0.23 
0.28 
0.37 
0.36 

2.00 
1.40 
1.85 
1.50 
1.93 

0.40—  0.90 
0.85—  1.00 

0.10—  0.80 

Montgomery .... 

0.08—  1.00 

Prince  George's  . 
Queen  Anne's"  .  . 

St.  Mary's 

Somerset 

Talbot 

1.83 
1  36 

0  83 

1  34 
1  23 

1  27 
1.59 
1.25 

al.31 
1  01 

aO.63 
0.99 
0.91 

1  09 

0.96 

aO.93 

0  52 
0.35 
0.20 
0.35 
0.32 

0.18 
0  63 
0.32 

1.98 
1.65 
1.50 
1.65 
1.75 

1.50 
1.78 
1.50 

0.25—  2.14 
0.20—  0.90 

0  90 
0.60—  1.50 
0.20—  1.25 

Washington 

Wicomico" 

Worcester 

0.35—  0  85 
0.30—   1.12 
0.95—   1.40 

*  Calculated  by  dividing  tax  funds  received  by  County  Boards  of  Education  by  total  assessed  valua- 
tions, as  used  in  calculation  of  State  aid  payments. 

t  Rates  are  for  fiscal  period  on  which  district  operates.  State  property  tax  and  special  service 
levies  are  excluded. 

t  Figures  are  from  reports  made  to  State  Fiscal  Research  Bureau. 

°  Calendar  year  fiscal  period. 

a  Excludes  "federal  funds  authorized  by  Public  Law  874  and/or  Public  Law  874  as  amended. 


186 


Eighty-Ninth  Annual  Report 


CHART  4 

Per  Cent  of  Total  Revenues  Appropriated  for  Public  Schools:     Counties  and 
Incorporated    Places    in    Maryland:     1954-55    (1954*) 


County 

Total  State 
Baltimore  City 
Total  Coiinties 


Total 

U7.3 
Uo.o 
53.0 


38.7 
36.1 
I4O.5 


Kent 

69.5 

51.0 

Montgomery 

60.3 

U6.9 

Caroline 

U8.7 

U5.7 

Cecil 

61.8 

1*5.0 

Prince  George's 

61.6 

hh.l 

Baltimore 

?li.2 

U3.3 

Queen  Anne's 

57.6 

h2.6 

Somerset 

55.1; 

lil.O 

Washington 

h7.9 

38.9 

V'orcester 

51.U 

38.I4 

Harford 

U8.2 

37.7 

Frcderi  ck 

Uh.2 

37.5 

Calvert 

.5U.e 

37.1; 

Dorchester 

U6.9 

37.1i 

Carroll 

1»7.7 

35.1 

Talbot 

U7.3 

3lj.9 

Howard 

llli.O 

3ij.e 

Allegany 

la.l 

33.2 

Anne  Anindel 

1*3.1 

31.3 

Wicomico 

50.5 

30.5 

St.  Mary '8 

33.6 

25.; 

Charles 

li2.3 

25.2 

Garrett 

21,.2 

15.5 

■Current 
Expenses 
0         10        20 


□  Debt  Service  and 
Capital  Outlay 


*  Calendar  year  1954 


Maryland  State  Department  of  Education 


187 


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188 


Eighty-Ninth  Annual  Report 


TABLE  126 

1954-55  Valuation  of  Property  Assessable  at  Full 

State  of  Maryland 


Rate  for  County  Purposes: 


Classes 

Total 

Assessed  by 

Federal 

Assessed  by 

A  through  J 

County 

Assessable  at 

Local  Public 

Housing 

State  Tax 

Motor 

Full  Rate* 

Authority 

Authority 

Commissiont 

Veh  iciest 

Total  State      

$5,846,456,984 
2,347,539,379 

$4,592,578,979 
1,796,242,279 

$28,373,105 
17,266,500 

$1,225,504,900 
534,030,600 

$252,227,649 

Baltimore  City° 

71,584,876 

Total  Counties 

3,498,917,605 

2,796,336,700 

11,106,605 

691,474,300 

180,642,773 

Allegany 

149,673,268 

103,504,806 

16,872 

46,151,590 

6,187,555 

Anne  Arundel"  .  . 

202,712,456 

180,362,374 

162,392 

22,187,690 

12,553,956 

Baltimore" 

912,407,374 

672,933,405 

3,787,879 

235,686,090 

37,555,278 

Calvert 

15,833,645 

14,119,115 

1,714,530 

1,632,757 

Caroline 

26,375,463 

21,426,273 

4,949,190 

3,163,067 

Carroll" 

83.047,652 

64,153,102 

18,894,550 

7,028,537 

Cecil 

74,192,945 

49,480,295 

684,550 

24,028,100 

4,964,086 

Charles 

27,556,685 

22,843,985 

61,140 

4,651,560 

3,374,355 

Dorchester" 

58,559,850 

40,932,950 

17,626,900 

3,120,766 

Frederick" 

121,577,977 

89,370,735 

106,592 

32,100,650 

8,556,179 

Garrett" 

28,448,479 

19,790,389 

8,658,090 

1,936,900 

Harford" 

133,412,736 

94,943,344 

4,230,242 

34,239,150 

8,101,128 

Howard" 

39,897,420 

31,500,610 

8,396,810 

3,312,892 

Kent" 

25,338,155 

21,039,105 

4,299,050 

2,196,100 

Montgomery .... 

706,526,445 

639,290,550 

1,268,065 

65,967,830 

25,032,228 

Prince  George's  . 

448,255,730 

387,187,182 

679,298 

60,389,250 

21,922,753 

Queen  Anne's"  .  . 

33,005,167 

28,969,797 

4,035,370 

2,122,236 

St.  Mary's 

30,535,028 

25,168,398 

5,366,630 

4,795,227 

Somerset 

20,749,229 

16,914,449 

3,834,780 

1,937,848 

Talbot 

42,392,435 
177,009,163 

36,172,355 
126,443,458 

109,575 

6,220,080 
50,456,130 

2,692,829 

Washington".  .  .  . 

10,463,978 

Wicomico   

86,728,026 

64,009,056 

22,718,970 

4,812,935 

Worcester 

54,682,277 

45,780,967 

8,901,310 

3,179,183 

*  Excludes  classes  A  through  J  motor  vehicles. 

t  Data  are  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  1954,  adjusted  as  of  October,  1955. 

t  Estimated  by  dividing  net  receipts  after  distribution  to  incorporated  towns  and  places  by  the  county 

°  Fiscal  period  ends  December  31;  all  others  end  June  30. 


Maryland  State  Department  of  Education 


189 


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190 


Eighty-Ninth  Annual  Report 


TABLE  128 
Assessable  Wealth  Back  of  Each  Maryland  Public  School  Pupil  Belonging ; 


1954-55 


County 

Total  Basis  Assessable  at 

Full  Rate  for  County 

Purposes 

Number  of 
Pupils  Belongingt 

Wealth  per  Pupil 

Total  State                 

$5,846,456,984 

*2,347,539,379 

3,498,917,605 

149,673,268 

*202,712,456 

*912,407,374 

15,833,645 

26,375,463 

*83,047,652 
74,192,945 
27,556,685 

*58,559,850 
*121,577,977 

*28,448,479 
*133,412,736 
*39,897,420 
*25,338,155 
706,526,445 

448,255,730 

*33,005,167 

30,535,028 

20,749,229 

42,392,435 

*177,009,163 
86,728,026 
54,682,277 

450,898 

140,871 

310,027 

15,604 

26,495 

57,502 

3,302 

3,923 

9,018 
7,852 
5,979 
5,367 
11,938 

4,613 

12,317 

5,259 

2,926 

47,790 

45,968 
3,197 
4,165 
3,959 
3,868 

16,389 

7,881 
4,715 

$12,966 

16,664  ' 

Total  Counties 

11,286 

9,592 

7,651 

15,867 

Calvert 

4,795 

Caroline 

Carroll 

6,723 
9,209 

Cecil 

9,449 
4,609 

10,911 

Frederick 

Garrett 

Harford 

10,184 

6,167 
10,831 

7,587 

Kent 

Montgomery 

8,660 
14,784 

9,751 

10,324 

St.  Mary's                      .    . 

7,331 

Somerset 

Talbot 

5,241 
10,960 

10,800 

Wicomico 

Worcester 

11,005 
11,597 

*  Calendar  year  (1954). 

t  Includes  kindergarten  and  prekindergarten  pupils. 


Maryland  State  Department  of  Education 


191 


CHART  5 

State    Individual  Income  Tax  per  Capita:     Counties  of  Maryland  and  Baltimore 

City:     1954-55 


Coiinty 


Amo'int 


Total  State 

12.  a 

Baltinore  City- 

12.80 

Total  Counties 

12.23 

Montgoire  rj' 

25.22 

Balttrvore 

16.92 

Talbot 

12.73 

Prince  George's 

11.65 

Washington 

9.?7 

Hw;ard 

9.51i 

Anne  Anindel 

e.9? 

Harford 

8.e6 

Cecil 

8,29 

Kent 

8.19 

Wicomico 

8,16 

Frederick 

7.28 

Quean  Anne's 

6,79 

Carroll 

6.53 

Charles 

6,09 

Alleeany 

5.89 

Dorchester 

5.77 

Worcester 

u.e9 

Caroline 

U.7U 

Calrert 

h.Oh 

Somerset 

3.51 

St.  Karj-'s 

3.25 

Garrett 

2.12 

fer  Capita  Income  Tax 
10  15 


20 


25 


Sources:     Report  of  the  ComptMler  of  the  Treasury.  Fiscal  Year  1955;  1954-55  population  estimates 
from    Maryland   State   Health   Department. 


192 


Eighty-Ninth  Annual  Report 


CHART  5 
Per  Capita  Income  Payments  in  Eleven  States,  Including  Maryland:     1953-54 


State 


1  Nevada 


2  Delaware 


3  Connecticut 


h  New  Jersey 


5  New  York 


6  California 


7  Illinois 


8  Michigan 


9  Ohio 


10  Washington 


11  Haiyland 


Per  Capita  Income  Payments 
Amount  (.in  Hundreds  of  Dollars) 

0 9 18 22 


Source:      U.  S.  Department  of  Commerce,  Survey  "f  Current  Bi8ir.es>.,  September,  1955. 


Maryland  State  Department  of  Education 


193 


CHART  7 
Per  Capita  Income  Payments  in  Maryland :     1929-1954 


Source:      U.  S.  Department  of  Commerce,  Survey  of  Current  Business,  September,  1955. 


194 


Eighty-Ninth  Annual  Report 


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196 


Eighty-Ninth  Annual  Report 


TABLE  131 
Total  Enrollment*  at  Maryland  State  Teachers  Colleges:  Fall  of  1945-1954 


Grand 

Total 

Total 

Fall  of 

Total 

White 

Fkostburg 

Salisbury 

Towson 

COLOREJD 

Bowie 

COPPIN 

1945 

823 
1,286 

580 
1,032 

150 
329 

163 

248 

267 
455 

243 
254 

121 
129 

122 

1946 

125 

1947 

1,489 

1,178 

258 

310 

610 

311 

152 

159 

1948 

1,725 

1,393 

357 

300 

736 

332 

160 

172 

1949 

2,098 

1,688 

444 

340 

904 

410 

210 

200 

1950 

2,054 

1,634 

441 

273 

920  • 

420 

221 

199 

1951 

1,944 

1,496 

403 

213 

880 

448 

268 

180 

1952 

2,136 

1,609 

478 

266 

865 

527 

323 

204 

1953 

2,307 

1,727 

438 

329 

960 

580 

334 

246 

1954 

2,692 

2,074 

501 

446 

1,127 

618 

329 

289 

Includes  all  students  registered,  i.e.,  those  in  teachers  college,  junior  college,  and  extension  and  special  students. 


TABLE  132 — Enrollment  by  College  and  Class:     Maryland  State  Teachers  Colleges: 

Fall  of  1954 


Class 


Maryland  State  Teachers  College  Enrollment 


Grand 
Total 


Total 
White 


Frostburg 


Salisbury 


Towson 


Total 
Colored 


Coppin 


TEACHER  TRAINING 


Total 

2,091 

1,473 

363 

206 

904 

618 

329 

289 

Freshmen 

763 

576 

146 

69 

361 

187 

78 

109 

Sophomores,  .  . 

505 

360 

79 

53 

228 

145 

83 

62 

Juniors 

447 

285 

80 

46 

159 

162 

88 

74 

Seniors 

376 

252 

58 

38 

156 

124 

80 

44 

JUNIOR  COLLEGE 


Total 

Freshmen.  .  . 
Sophomores . 


375 

294 

81 


375 

294 

81 


62 
26 


131 

114 

17 


156 

118 

38 


OTHER  STUDENTS 


Extension  or 

Evening 

Elementary  School. 


226 
680 


226 
583 


50 
162 


109 

157 


67 
264 


Maryland  State  Department  of  Education 


197 


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198 


Eighty-Ninth  Annual  Report 


TABLE  134 

Enrollment  in  Junior  Colleges  of  Maryland  State  Teachers  Colleges :     By  County— Class ; 

Fall  of  1954 


Abea 


Total  State  .  . . 

Out-of-State  .  .  , 

Baltimore  City 

Total  Counties 

Allegany .  . 
Anne  Arundel 
Baltimore.  .  .  . 

Calvert 

Caroline 

Carroll 

Cecil 

Charles 

Dorchester.  . 
Frederick ... 

Garrett 

Harford 

Howard  .... 

Kent 

Montgomery 

Pr.  George's. 
Queen  Anne's 
St.  Mary's.  . 
Somerset  .  .  . 
Talbot   

Washington .  . 
Wicomico ... 
Worcester.  .  . 


Grand  Total 


Total 

Fresh- 
men 

375 

294 

22 

20 

54 

39 

299 

235 

80 

8 

63 

58 

7 

48 

3 

2 

3 
6 
4 
9 
3 

2 
3 
3 
8 
2 

1 

14 

2 

3 

11 

1 

11 
2 
3 

8 

10 

5 

8 
5 

13 
6 

11 
6 

1 
44 
10 

1 
36 
10 

Sopho- 
mores 


81 

2 

15 

64 

22 

1 

15 


White  Enrollment 


Frostburg 


Fresh- 
men 


Sopho- 
mores 


61 

57 


26 


26 
22 


Salisbury 


Fresh- 
men 


Sopho- 
mores 


114 

18 

2 

94 


36 
10 


17 
2 


15 


Towson 


Fresh- 
men 


Sopho- 
mores 


118 
1 

37 

80 

1 
6 

47 


38 


15 
23 


Colored  Enrollment 


Bowie 


Copprin 


Fresh- 
men 


Sopho- 
mores' 


Fresh- 
men 


Sopho- 
mores 


Maryland  State  Department  of  Education 


199 


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200 


EiGHTV-NiNTH  Annual  Report 


TABLE  136 
Cost  per  Student  at  Maryland  State  Teachers  Colleges; 


1946-1955 


A\^RAGE  Annual  Cost  per 

Current  Expenses 

Student 

Yeah 

Average 

Ending 

Enroll- 

Paid bv 

1    Paid  by 

In  Student 

To 

ment 

Total 

Students 

j       State 

Total 

Fees* 

State 

FROSTBURG 

1946 

91 

$108,882 

$11,281 

$97,601 

$1,197 

$124 

$1,073 

1947 

243 

152,531 

30,820 

121.711 

628 

127 

501 

1948 

225 

210,925 

40.024 

170.901 

937 

178 

759 

1949 

270 

236.332 

54.730 

181.602 

875 

203 

672 

1950 

374 

262,317 

50,021 

212,296 

701 

134 

567 

1951 

339 

316.664 

57,636 

259,028 

934 

170 

764 

1952 

338 

318,342 

42,462 

275,880 

942 

126 

816 

1953 

373 

402,258 

88,372 

313,886 

1,078 

237 

841 

1954 

394 

418,682 

58,716 

359,966 

1,063 

149 

914 

1955 

458 

459,180 

57,667 

401,513 

1,003 

126 

877 

SALISBURY 

1946 

153 

$104,121 

$22,184 

$81,937 

$681 

$145 

$536 

1947 

280 

145,226 

46.960 

98.266 

519 

168 

351 

1948 

273 

191,221 

64.408 

126,813 

700 

236 

464 

1949 

258 

231.054 

54.557 

176,497 

895 

211 

684 

1950 

286 

270.107 

55.342 

214,765 

944 

194 

750 

1951 

200 

268,942 

38.999 

229.943 

1.345 

195 

1,150 

1952 

174 

282,935 

22,765 

260.170 

1,626 

131 

1,495 

1953 

234 

349,424 

54,129 

295,295 

1,493 

231 

1,262 

1954 

250 

343,124 

41.983 

301,141 

1.372 

168 

1,204 

1955 

338 

386.826 

64,918 

321,908 

1.144 

192 

952 

TOWSON 

1946 

264 

$250,048 
325,098 
430,679 
469,299 
599.879 

$32,550 
64,302 

102,645 
84.996 
93,495 

$217,498 
260.796 
328,034 
384,303 
506.384 

$947 
716 

$123 
142 

$824 
574 

1947 

454 

1948 

625 

689 

164 

525 

1949 

750 

626 

113 

513 

1950 

885 

678 

106 

572 

1951 

879 

633.145 

757.257 
842.915 
962,662 

107,164 

92,816 

121,076 

135,050 

525,981 
664,441 
721,839 
827,612 

720 

122 

598 

1952 

855 

886 

109 

777 

1953 

851 

990 

142 

848 

1954 

893 

1,078 

151 

927 

1955 

1,033 

1,024,421 

173,733 

850,688 

992 

168 

824 

BOWIE 

1946 

121 

$93,004 
108,230 

$17,055 
17,809 

$75,949 
90.421 

$769 
873 

$141 
144 

$628 
729 

1947 

124 

1948 

152 

163.153 
172,046 
212.373 
226,790 
261,264 
316  737 

22,972 
28,341 
26,353 
33,750 
32,810 
59,506 
72.599 
75,092 

140  181 

1.073 
1,096 
1,026 
1,040 
997 

151 

922 

1949 

157 

143,705 
186,020 
193.040 
228,454 
257,231 
279.113 
287,954 

181 

915 

1950 

207 

127 

899 

1951 

218 

155 

885 

1952 

262 

125 

872 

1953 

331 

957 

180 

777 

1954 

343 

351,'712 
363,046 

1,025 
1,074 

211 

814 

1955 

338 

222 

852 

COPPIN 

1952 

177 

$59,415 
128.542 
159,193 
172,823 

$59,415 
121,152 
151,090 
163,198 

$336 
642 

$336 
615 

1953 

197 

$5,390 
8,103 
9.625 

$27 
34 

1954 

236 

674 

640 

1955 

267 

647 

36 

611 

In  accordance  with  Chapter  6  cf  the  laws  of  1S45.  tuition  for  teacher  training  students  at  the 
Teachers  Colleges  was  eliminated  as  of  Septcmter,  1945.  Board  is  $216  at  Frostburg,  Salisbury,  and 
Towson;  and  $171  at  Bowie  for  teacher  training  students  planning  to  teach  in  Maryland.  Junior  college 
■tudents^who  are  residents  of  Marjland  pay  $100  additional,  out-of-state  students.  $200. 


Maryland  State  Department  of  Education 


201 


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202 


Eighty-Ninth  Annual  Report 


TABLE  139 — Maryland     Teachers'     Retirement     System :     Members     in     Active 
Service  and  Their  Contributions:     Year  Ending  July  31,  1955 


County  or  Institution 


Grand  Total 

Total  Counties 

Allegany 

Anne  Arundel 

Baltimore 

Calvert 

Caroline 

Carroll 

Cecil 

Charles 

Dorchester 

Frederick 

Garrett 

Harford 

Howard 

Kent 

Montgomery  (including  Jr.  Colleges) .  .  . 

Prince  George's 

Queen  Anne's 

St.  Mary's 

Somerset 

Talbot 

Washington  (including  Jr.  College) 

Wicomico 

Worcester 

Total  Schooi.s  and  Departments 

TEIACHERS   COILEGEK 

Bowie 

Coppin 

Frost  burg 

Salisbury 

Towson 

Departments 

County  Libraries 

Education 

Retirement 

Other  Schools 

Barrett  School  for  Girls 

Md.  School  for  the  Deaf 

Md.  Training  School  for  Boys 

Montrose  School  for  Girls 

Rosewood  State  Training  School 

St.  Mary's  Seminary  and  Junior  College 


Amount  Contributed  Year 

Members  in  Active  Service 

Ending  July  31,  1955 

May  31,   1955 

$2,179,205.40 

10,702 

$2,066,745.59 

10,282 

123,278.63 

631 

156,081.72 

771 

385,234.55 

1,860 

17,216.88 

97 

31,943.02 

163 

52,674.00 

287 

48,594.69 

242 

3.5,117.73 

187 

37,695.44 

196 

68,757.36 

349 

30,034.37 

167 

82,084.21 

435 

42,093.35 

207 

23,882.25 

127 

352,355.15 

1,546 

262,930.33 

1,390 

27,183.38 

141 

18,874.95 

101 

29,664.62 

158 

31,059.30 

148 

122,054.98 

601 

52,748.87 

294 

35,185.81 

184 

$112,459.81 

420 

$54,635.62 

185 

6,030.12 

24 

4,592.60 

14 

10,402.33 

34 

8,227.33 

29 

25,383.24 

84 

$36,479.06 

142 

11,720.77 

69 

24,514.09 

72 

244.20 

1 

$21,345.13 

93 

1,015.00 

5 

5,799.64 

26 

7,420.26 

32 

1,137.66 

5 

2,696.48 

11 

3,276.09 

14 

Maryland  State  Department  of  Education 


203 


TABLE  140 — Parent-Teacher  Associations:     Maryland  County  Schools: 
Years  Ending  June  30,  1954  and  1955 


White 

Schools 

Colored 

Schools 

County 

Number 

Per  Cent 

Number 

Per  Cent 

1954 

1955 

1954 

1955 

1954 

1955 

1954 

1955 

Total  Counties          .... 

555 

28 

42 

60 

7 

9 

17 
16 

7 
17 
26 

26 
22 

10 
10 

73 

70 
14 
10 
12 
11 

42 
16 
10 

582 

27 

44 

64 

8 

9 

18 
17 
7 
17 
28 

25 
21 
11 
10 
81 

78 
12 
12 
12 
10 

43 
17 
11 

95.5 

87.5 
100.0 
100  0 
100  0 
100  0 

94.4 

76.2 

100  0 

85.0 

86.7 

83  9 
100  0 
100.0 
100.0 
100.0 

98  6 
100  0 

90.9 
100  0 
100  0 

95.5 
100.0 
100.0 

96.8 

84.4 
100  0 
100.0 
100  0 
100.0 

94  7 
80  9 
100  0 
80.9 
94  3 

100  0 
100  0 
100.0 
100  0 
100.0 

100.0 
100  0 
85.7 
100  0 
100  0 

97  7 
100  0 
100  0 

179 

2 

21 

14 

9 

4 

2 

3 

13 

6 

7 

2 

8 

6 

10 

21 
9 

7 
9 
8 

1            1 

10 

7 

170 

2 

20 

13 

9 

4 

2 

3 

12 

9 

7 

2 

5 

6 

10 

21 

3 

6 

10 

10 

1 
9 
6 

96.2 

100.0 
100.0 
100.0 
100.0 
100  0 

100.0 

100  0 

100  0 

60  0 

87  5 

100 . 0 
100  0 
100  0 
100.0 

100  0 
100  0 
100  0 
100  0 
80.0 

100  0 
100.0 
100.0 

98  3 

Allegany 

Anne  Arundel 

Baltimore 

Calvert 

100.0 
100  0 
100.0 
100.0 

100  0 

Carroll 

100.0 

Cecil 

100.0 
100.0 

90.0 

Frederick                .... 

87  5 

Garrett 

Harford 

100  0 

Howard 

Kent 

Montgomery 

Prince  George's 

Queen  Anne's 

100.0 
100.0 
100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

85.7 

100.0 

Talbot 

100.0 

100  0 

Wicomico 

100.0 

100  0 

204 


Eighty-Ninth  Annual  Report 


TABLE  141 


-Enrollment  in  Baltimore  City  Summer  Schools : 
Type  of  School :     1954 


1945-1954;  and  by 


Number 

of 
Schools 

Total 
Enroll- 
ment 

Net  Roll  at  End  of  Term 

Year 
Type  of  School 

Total 

Taking 

Number 

of 
Principals 

Review 
Work 

Advance 
Work 

and 
Teachers 

All  Schools 

1945 

13 
12 

'I 
5 

5 
5 
5 
5 
5 

3 
2 
1 
2 

6,465 
6,851 
6,565 
3,686 
4,222 

4,010 
4,145 
4,234 
4,726 
5,454 

5,088 

2,558 

2,530 

366 

5,750 
6,159 
6.039 
3,421 
3,865 

3,628 
3,710 
3,945 
4,373 
4,990 

4,645 

2,379 

2,266 

345 

5,052 
5,428 
5,287 
2,895 
3,275 

2,990 
3,258 
3,564 
3,954 
4,586 

4,586 
2,320 
2,266 

698 
731 
752 
526 
590 

638 
452 
381 
419 
404 

59 
59 

345 

123 

1946 

122 

1947 

146 

1948* 

86 

1949 

92 

1950 

78 

1951 

80 

1952 

80 

1953 

80 

1954 

84 

Secondary 

Senior 

Junior 

Demonstration 

68 
37 
31 
16 

*  No  elementary  review  school  beginningjl948. 


Maryland  State  Department  of  Education 


205 


TABLE  142 
High  School  Equivalence   Examinations  in   Maryland :     1946-55 


Applicants  Tested 

Yeak  Ending 
June  30 

Nonhigh  School                           High  School 
Graduates*                               Graduatest 

Number  of 
Certificates  Issued^ 

1946 

1,128 
2,411 
1.469 
1,129 
1,081 
912 
779 
1,005 
1,377 
1,487 

148 
129 
156 
81 
52 
51 
59 
65 
37 

477 

1947.... 

1948 

1949 

1950 

1951 

1,169 
al,525 
61,288 
cl,079 

rf939 

1952 

cl,107 

1953 

/1,313 

1954 

ff  1,724 

1955 

;il,599 

*  Includes  re-tests. 

t  High  school  graduates  who  took  tests  at  request  of  colleges. 

t  Includes  certificates  issued  to  USAFI  applicants  who  took  tests  in  armed  services,  as  follow 
a,  433;  b,  457;  e,  332;  d,  291;  e,  580;  /,  613;  g,  837;  h,  717. 


206 


Eighty-Ninth  Annual  Report 


TABLE  143 — Vocational   Rehabilitation  Services   Rendered: 

Year  Ending  June  30,  1955 


State  of  Maryland: 


Total 

Being 

Being 

Surveyed: 

Closed: 

County 

Number 

Reha- 

Followed 

Training 

Prepared 

Being 

Other 

Cases 

bilitated 

on  Jobs 

Completed 

for  Jobs 

Counseled 

Services 

Total  State 

4,626 

1.075 

58 

344 

910 

1,322 

917 

Baltimore  City    . 

2,276 

424 

21 

174 

426 

705 

526 

Total  Counties.  . 

2,350 

651 

37 

170 

484 

617 

391 

Allegany 

154 

47 

17 

25 

30 

35 

Anne  Arundel . 

160 

48 

3 

18 

19 

43 

29 

Baltimore  .... 

350 

87 

4 

6 

74 

61 

118 

Calvert 

14 

•  2 

2 

2 

7 

1 

Caroline 

59 

17 

2 

3 

8 

24 

5 

CarroU 

78 

23 

8 

12 

12 

23 

Cecil   

76 

18 

2 

3 

20 

23 

10 

Charles 

32 

11 

5 

7 

9 

Dorchester  .  .  . 

78 

28 

1 

5 

10 

28 

6 

Frederick   .... 

160 

59 

3 

18 

20 

28 

32 

Garrett 

48 

8 

6 

17 

5 

12 

Harford 

70 

23 

4 

5 

22 

16 

Howard 

25 

7 

9 

7 

2 

Kent 

39 

10 

2 

4 

8 

9 

6 

Montgomery.  . 

215 

63 

4 

18 

50 

69 

11 

Pr.  George's.  . 

276 

70 

3 

12 

91 

81 

19 

Queen  Anne's. 

37 

11 

2 

4 

8 

9 

3 

St.  Mary's.  .  .  . 

34 

8 

3 

8 

13 

2 

Somerset 

34 

3 

3 

13 

10 

5 

Talbot 

35 

10 

1 

i 

3 

12 

8 

Washington  .  . 

174 

47 

1 

17 

37 

49 

23 

Wicomico  .... 

158 

40 

6 

14 

29 

51 

18 

Worcester 

44 

11 

2 

9 

15 

7 

PERSONAL  CHARACTERISTICS  OF  CLIENTS  SERVED 


Characteristic 

Total 

Reha- 
bilitated* 

Othert 

Characteristic 

Total 

Reha- 
bilitated* 

Othert 

Total  Number 

Age 

Under  21 

4,626 

1,143 
915 
999 
892 
677 

88 

298 

840 

1,722 

936 

465 

105 

71 

24 

77 

2,817 
668 
406 
288 
192 
97 
158 

1.075 

191 
242 
239 
215 
188 

20 

62 

175 

394 

218 

143 

31 

14 

7 

11 

599 
180 
99 
79 
48 
27 
43 

3.551 

952 
673 

760 
677 
489 

68 

236 

665 

1.328 

718 

322 

74 

57 

17 

66 

2.218 
488 
307 
209 
144 
70 
115 

Race 

White 

Negro 

Other 

Sex 

Male 

Female 

Marital  Status 

Single 

Married 

Other 

Employment  History 
(at  Survey) 

Employed 

Unemployed 

Never  Worked 
Worked  at 
Some  Time .  . 

Number  on  Welfare 
(at  Survey) 

3,319 

1,304 

3 

3.067 
1.559 

2.113 
1,665 

848 

318 
4,308 

647 

817 
257 

1 

715 
360 

403 
456 
216 

158 
917 
140 

777 

103 

2.502 

1,047 

2 

21-30 

31-40. 

41-50 

2.352 

Over  50 

1,199 

Education 
None.  .  .  . 

1,710 

1-3 

1.209 

4-6 

632 

7-9 

10-12 

H.  S.  Graduate 

13-14 . . 

160 

15-16 

3,391 

College 

686 

Unknown 

Dependents 

0 

2,705 
544 

1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

Over  5 

*  Clients  who  were  rehabilitated  into  employment  during  year  (1.075). 
t  Clients  who  were  still  receiving  service  at  end  of  year  (3.551). 


Maryland  State  Department  of  Education 


207 


TABLE  144 — Cost  of  Vocational   Rehabilitation   Case   Services   Rendered : 
of  Maryland:     Year  Ending  June  30,   1955 


State 


Type  of  Service 


Total 
Expenditure 


Number  of 
Clients 


Average 
Cost 


Total  Expenditure 

Examinations 

Medical 

Psychiatric 

Surgery  and  Treatment 

Medical 

Psychiatric 

Surgical 

Dental 

Physical  and  occupational  therapy  .... 

Prosthetic  Appliances 

Artificial  limbs 

Braces 

Hearing  aids 

Glasses  and  artificial  eyes 

Surgical  appliances 

Wheel  Chairs,  hand  and  power  operated 

Hospitalization  and  Convalescent  Care 

Hospitalization 

Convalescent  home  oare 

Nursing  care  in  client's  residence 

Training  and  Training  Materials 

Personal  adjustment  training 

Educational  institutions 

Employment 

Correspondence 

Tutorial 

Training  materials 

Maintenance  and  Transportation 
Maintenance 

Training , 

Medical  or  physical  restoration  ... 

Inter-current  illness 

Placement 

Transportation 

Training 

Medical  or  physical  restoration  .  .  .  . 

Occupational  Tools  and  Kquipment  (Clients) 

Miscellaneous  (Other) 

Homebound 


*$301,600.27 


14,277.20 
501.46 


1,224.89 
1,960.00 

13,957.00 
3,750.32 

11,887.03 


16,355.95 
4,415.87 
6,541.50 
1,496.61 
1,848.00 
1,078.15 


34,635.76 
1,677.21 


862.50 

11,798.45 
1,778.92 

2,974.24 

177.39 

344.40 


1,387 
44 


65 

33 

197 

47 
84 


104 
83 
76 
95 
81 
34 


157 
20 


6,185.72 

116 

80,410.00 

486 

1,699.77 

47 

3,185.90 

79 

1,128.00 

44 

7,904.08 

334 

59,456.45 

352 

8,087.50 

107 

59 


416 
229 


47 
3 


$10.29 
11.39 


18.84 
59.39 
70.84 
79.79 
141.51 


157.26 
53.20 
86.07 
15.75 
22.81 
31.71 


220.61 
83.86 


53.32 
165.45 
36.16 
40.32 
25.63 
23.66 


168.91 
75.58 


14.61 


28.36 
7.76 


63.28 
59.13 


*  Net  cash  expenditures  and  encumbrances  charged  against  Case  Services  for  fiscal  year  1955. 


208 


Eighty-Ninth  Annual  Report 


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212 


Eighty-Ninth  x\nnual  Report 


FINANCIAL  STATEMENT 

Maryland    State    Department    of   Education:     Headquarters    and    Vocational 

Rehabilitation:     Fiscal  Year  Ending  June  30,  1955 


Source  or  Purpose 


Headquarters 


Vocational 
Rehabilitation 


RECEIPTS 


Balance  Forwarded  from  1953-54. 

General  Fund  Appropriation 

Special  Fund  Receipts 

Federal  Fund  Appropriation 

Budget  Credits 

Net  Transfers 


Total  Funds  Available . 


$37,779.01 
628,171.00 

32,'420.38 

7,631.71 

36,755.00 


$742,757.10 


$  3,884.32 
325,658.00 

365,044.75 

3,296.19 

*(34,545.00) 


$603,338.26 


DISBURSEMENTS 


Salaries 

Technical  and  Special  Fees 

Communication 

Travel 

Motor  Vehicle  Operation  and  Maintenance 

Contractual  Services 

Supplies  and  Materials 

Equipment — Replacement 

Equipment — Additional 

FMxed  Charges 

Total 


Salaries 

Technical  and  Special  Fees 

Communication 

Travel 

Motor  Vehicle  Operation  and  Maintenance 

Contractual  Services 

Supplies  and  Materials 

Equipment — Replacement 

Equipment — Additional 

Fixed  Charges 

Total 


Salaries 

Technical  and  Special  Fees 

Communication 

Travel 

Motor  Vehicle  Operation  and  Maintenance 

Contractual  Services 

Supplies  and  Materials 

Equipment — Replacement 

Equipment — Additional 

Grants,  Subsidies,  and  Contributions 

Total 


Salaries 

Technical  and  Special  Fees 

Communication 

Travel 

Motor  Vehicle  Operation  and  Maintenance 

Contractual  Services 

Supplies  and  Materials 

Equipment — Replacement 

Equipment — ^Additional 

Fixed  Charges 

Total 

Total  Program  Expenditures 

Other  Expenditures 

Total  Disbursements 

Unexpended  Balance  Returned  to  Treasury 

Balance,  June  30,  1955 


Departmental  and 

Financial 

Administration 

$151,760.69 

4,516.19 

5,080.84 

5,445.00 

2,.591.08 

17,401.35 

3,282.04 

165.00 

568.55 

33,759.65 


$224,570.39 

Supervisory  and 

Consultative 

Services 

$204,319.66 

16,418.87 

4,660.22 

15,593.52 

5,635.27 

8,723.04 

2,828.58 

887.50 

404.98 


$259,471.64 

Administrative 
Services 

$  92,854.68 

14,125.35 

3,511.42 

5,841.69 

494.81 

2,253.30 

2,339.87 

174.00 

431.90 


$122,027.02 

Library  Extension 
Services 

$53,377.20 
243.95 
979.62 
412.96 
248.45 

2,215.30 
959.76 

2,744.93 
17,410.72 

1,411.00 


$80,003.89 


$686,072.94 
366.40 


$686,439.34 
$22,192.02 
$34,125.74 


Administration 


$  42,322.05 

18.00 

420.83 

2,250.34 

454.60 

39.50 

872.08 

120.82 

68.50 

1,895.00 


$48,461.72 


Placement  and 
Guidance 

$185,183.34 

6,878.94 

4,955.29 

14,372.08 


597.15 

1,043.62 

292.50 

532.16 

13,805.00 


$227,660.08 

Case 
Services 


$305,470.53 


$305,470.53 


$581,592.33 


$581,592.33 

$14,720.03 

$7,025.90 


*  Denotes  red  figure. 


Maryland  State  Department  of  Education  213 

FINANCIAL  STATEMENT 
Maryland  State  Teachers  Colleges:     Fiscal  Year  Ending  June  30,  1955 


SoxmcK    OR    Purpose 


General  Administration 

Salaries  and  Wages 

Technical  and  Special  Fees .  .  . 

Communication 

Travel 

Motor  Vehicle  Operation  and 

Maintenance 

Contractual  Services 

Supplies  and  Materials 

Equipment — Replacement.  .  . 

Equipment — Additional 

Fixed  Charges 


Total . 


Instruction 

Salaries  and  Wages 

Technical  and  Special  Fees.  .  . 

Communication 

Travel 

Motor  Vehicle  Operation  and 

Maintenance 

Contractual  Services 

Supplies  and  Materials 

Equipment — Replacement.  .  . 

Equipment — Additional 

Fixed  Charges 


Total . 


Dietary  Services 

Salaries  and  Wages 

Technical  and  Special  Fees.  .  . 

Food 

Motor  Vehicle  Operation  and 

Maintenance 

Contractual  Services 

Supplies  and  Materials 

Equipment — Replacement.  .  . 

Equipment — Additional 

Fixed  Charges 


Total . 


Plant  Operation  and  Maintenance 

Salaries  and  Wages 

Technical  and  Special  Fees 

Fuel 

^^oto^  Vehicle  Operation  and 

Maintenance 

Contractual  Services 

Supplies  and  Materials 

Equipment — Replacement 

Equipment — Additional 

Fixed  Charges 

Land  and  Structures 


Total . 


Total  Program  Expenditures. 

Refunds 

Activities  Association 

Athletic  Association 

Breakage  Fee  Account 

Other 


TOWSON 


FROSTBtmo        Salisbury 


Bowie 


COPPIN 


RECEIPTS 


Balance  Forwarded  from  1953-54 
General  Fund  Appropriation .... 

Special  Fund  Receipts 

Budget  Credits 

Net  Transfers 

Total  Funds  Available.  .  . 


$38,050.07 

850,688.00 

176,636.46 

61,020.30 


$1,126,394.83 


$6,823.31 
372,115.00 
61,623.95 
31,942.51 
29,400.00 


$501,904.77 


$9,714.57 

322,142.00 

78,300.40 

15,603.58 


$425,760.55 


$7,941.68 

297,134.00 

76,705.05 

10,758.02 


$392,538.75 


$3,260.82 

163,645.00 

10,050.74 

210.68 


$177,167.24 


DISBURSEMENTS 


Total  Disbursements 

Unexpended  Balance  Returned 
to  Treasury 


Balance,  June  30,  1955. 


$104,705.34 
1,775.97 
4,922.-33 
1,139.56 

271.49 
3,242.19 
5,751.82 
1,191.97 
1.421.48 
1,615.59 


$126,037.74 


$443,940.19 

26,175.99 

1,480.36 

2,380.03 

2,156.53 
1,849.96 
6,424.20 
7,100.99 
16,309.47 
124.00 


$507,941.72 


$71,670.06 

1,765.80 

86,296.87 

96.68 
1,486.93 
5,215.91 
1.019.00 
1,065.20 


$41,039.13 

1,078.45 

1,346.16 

487.57 

703.35 
4,272.65 
1,910.76 

257.50 


760.59 


$51,856.16 


$203,047.27 

3,195.98 

513.35 

888.67 

775.49 

602.88 

4,927.40 

1,798.43 

9,416.30 


$225,165.77 


$31,837.91 

4,.576.63 

37,942.48 


$168,616.45 


$138,877.16 

4.457.55 

16,642.09 

723.16 

50,485.21 

20,703.62 

1.247.14 

11,862.03 

38.39 


$245,036.35 

$1,047,632.26 

3,330.50 

27,162.50 

14,098.50 

2,705.00 

832.00 


$1,095,760.76 

$2,903.58 

$27,730.49 


405.61 
460.  i  6 


$42,279.05 

873.45 

1,641.51 

411.85 

278.94 
1,399.05 

990.45 
2,196.00 


722.62 


$50,792.92 


$157,379.31 

1.690.20 

278.11 

713.19 

1.474.42 
166.83 

5.026.46 
943.11 

8,395.89 


$176,067.52 


$23,863.84 

1,290.00 

39.954.95 


$42,713.79 

1,730.00 

1,187.70 

360.48 

393.67 

811.54 

1,656.58 


745.75 
535.93 


$50,135.44 


$118,504.03 

2,764.16 

122.00 

368.34 

2,063.37 
244.21 
3.209.49 
2,120.47 
6,418.27 


$135,814.34 


$28,747.89 

794.25 

52,273.98 


$75,222.73 


$60,451.39 

235.75 

7,592.10 


18,703.96 
4,964.02 


3,259.84 
18,180.26 


$113,387.26 

$465,631.92 
5,407.75 
7,125.00 
4,750.00 
1.230.00 
10,579.24 


$494,723.91 

$4,778.72 
$2,402.14 


873.90 

1,614.22 

84.35 

415.89 


$68,097.15 


$45,173.93 


8,.541.30 

587.51 

27,872.29 

5,949.78 

1,227.80 

5,346.32 


$94,698.93 

$389,656.52 

736.00 

6,026.61 

5,248.60 

989.72 

113.59 


$402,771.04 

$13,615.86 

$9,373.65 


260.90 
1.515.71 


$83,592.73 


$61,831.38 

200.00 

14,590.06 

1,469.24 
15,837.45 
5,667.28 
1,641.50 
1,030.18 


$102,267.09 

$371,809.60 

317.35 

3,385.00 

1.696..50 

495.00 

25.75 


$377,729.20 

$11,030.61 

$3,773.94 


$27,755.87 

2,011.39 

1,004.68 

199.90 

548.94 

1,103.58 

843.90 


600.43 
851.69 


$34,920.38 


$81,362.00 

1,795.50 

103.35 

600.00 


400.00 
2,584.12 


8.110.16 


$94,955.13 


$8,535.97 

746.13 

8,477.45 


796.64 
180.39 


$19,105.08 


$15,540.85 
p  949.65 
2,545.34 

94.95 
3,865.28 
1,473.20 


1,904.32 


$26,373.59 
$175,354.18 


$175,354.18 
$888.16 
$924.90 


Note:     Disbursements  for  Summer  School  at  Towson  and  Bowie  are  included  under  appropriate  items  in 
Instruction  and  Dietary  Services. 


214 


Eighty-Ninth  Annual  Report 


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236 


Eighty-Ninth  Annual  Report 


QO  CD  05  CO  »0  CD  OS  OS  OS  u 

C^IOOiM-^O  i>.iccNaoc 

'-H  CD  oi  •-H  W3  t-^  oi  ro  CO  c 

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[  Counties . 

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Ibot 

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M.'^RYL.'VND   ST.\TE    DeP.\RTMENT   OF   EDUCATION 


249 


State  Aid  for  Minimum  Program" 


TABLE  XXVII 
Maryland  Public  Schools— Grades  1  to  12:     1954-55 


Cost  of  Minimum  Program 

State  Aid  for  Minimum 
Program 

County 

Total 

Minimum 
Salaries 

Other 
Current  Ex- 
pense Costs 

Transporta- 
tion 

Amount 

Per  Cent 

Total  State 

$66,531,390.10 

$48,839,062.68 

$12,209,765.65 

$5,482,561.77 

$29,100,452.74 

43.7 

18,098,000.00 

14,478,400.00 

3,619,600.00 

4,591,880.00 

25  4 

Total  Counties  .  .  . 

48,433,390.10 

34,360,662.68 

8,-590,165.65 

5,482,561.77 

24.508.572.74 

50.6 

Allegany 

Anne  Arundel  .  . 

Baltimore 

Calvert 

Caroline 

2,811,984.79 

4,002,944.64 

7,926,427.13 

593,424.47 

775,321.49 

2,026,483.65 

2,895,697.00 

5,722,436.60 

368,494.80 

515,051.50 

506.620.91 

723,924.25 

1,430,609.15 

92,123.70 

128,762.87 

278,880.23 
383,323.39 
773,381.38 
132,805.97 
131,507.12 

1.721,123.01 

2,518,570.31 

2,045,229.28 

476.990.51 

574,273.91 

61.2 
62  9 
25.8 
80.4 
74.1 

Carroll 

Cecil    

1,507,475.48 
1,337,447.78 
1,082,041.91 
1,000,902.08 
1,864,898.62 

1,057,317.50 
939.077.00 
719,985.00 
661,580.00 

1,293,605.00 

264,329.37 
234,769.25 
179,996.25 
165,395.00 
323,401.25 

185,828.61 
163,601.53 
182,060.66 
173,927.08 
247,892.37 

902,251.91 
808,173.75 
884,614.69 
557,186.51 
946,783.15 

59  9 

60  4 

Charles 

Dorchester 

Frederick 

81.7 
55.7 
50.8 

Garrett 

Harford 

Howard 

Kent 

969,292.30 

2,007,463.04 

984,221.03 

574,980.75 

6,515,745.46 

563,490.13 

1,340,920.00 

662,457.40 

377,055.00 

4,879,185.00 

140,872.53 

335,230.00 

165,614.35 

94,263.75 

1,219,796.25 

264,929.64 
331,313.04 
156,149.28 
103,662.00 
416,764.21 

792,306.83 

1,096,810.95 

689.147.85 

390.582.93 

1.788.007.71 

81.7 
54.6 
70.0 
67  9 

Montgomery.  .  . 

27.4 

Prince  George's , 
Queen  Anne's  .  . 

St.  Mary's 

Somerset 

Talbot 

6.648,948.89 
658,143.39 
734,855.74 
740,5.54.74 
716,461.52 

4,977,247.50 
420,595.00 
459,300.00 
496,005.00 
490,860.00 

1,244,311.87 
105,148.75 
114,825.00 
124,001.25 
122,715.00 

427,389.52 
132.399.64 
160,730.74 
120.548.49 
102,886.52 

3.615.269.89 
424.352.15 
507.930.62 
580.292.25 
404.9.52.84 

54.4 
64.5 
69.1 
78.3 
56.5 

Washington .... 

Wicomico 

Worcester 

2,760,308.72 

1,308,429.63 

911,116.50 

2,008,210.00 
895.099.60 
590,510.00 

502,052.50 
223,774.90 
147,627.50 

250,046.22 
189,555.13 
172,979.00 

1.543.569.68 
713.586.07 
526.565.94 

55.9 
54.5 
57.8 

*  The  minimum  program  in  calculating  State  Equalization  aid  includes  the  following:  (a)  total  minimum  salaries 
of  the  allowed  number  of  teachers  and  principals  as  determined  by  State  law;  (b)  other  current  expense  including  the 
cost  of  operation  and  maintenance  and  the  cost  of  instruction  other  than  the  salaries  of  teachers,  principals,  and 
supervisors;  and  (c)  the  cost  of  approved  transportation  to  public  schools. 

t  December.  1954,  calculation. 


250 


Eighty-Ninth  Annual  Re-^ort 


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•O         ■<3*         r--  —       -CD         OCMCMTt*CM 
■  1—       -CM         -^ -^       •  CD         CO  I— I  I— ' 


OO -^  OS  W3  —  rr  <D       ■  Oi 
t^  —  CM  —  t^CM  ■  <-• 


I  —         ,-..■.—         CD  COC^ 


■  ^         OO       ■  CO  • 


CM  —       ■  — ■ 


■  .— O  O  Cn  O       -  Ol         O  Ol  CO  CO  t^  CO  CM         CO  C:  CO  CO  r-- *0  CM  TT  «-« 

•  •— CM  C^         coco       •  QC  ^- CM  »— '         .-H         O  .-"  CM  CM  CO  •-' •— '  T— CM 


to  *—  t-  CM  OS  <0  ■— ■ 
CM  — ^         CO  CM  CM  — 


■  oo-^t^       >OQC       t^       r-— •i-*c<icoco^*'      cDOor*ooeor-oo»-«irt 

—  CM  ^C^l       ■-—         OlCMC^— CM  y*         00  —  <— »-"«D^^         —  CI 


—  lOCM  CM 


-  —  CO         C:  C 


■  o;       o  oi  CO  cc  I--  CO  c 


—  —         O  — CM  CM  CO  —  T*  .—  C 


tC^-t^CMO:cD^"  -o:       oo^-"^ 

CM—         CO  CM  CM  —       ■       ■  —  IC  CM 


■  oo^-i^       cocrs     ■^'•       00- — c 


;  »c       oc  QO  !>.  OO  »c  r^  oo  —  »o 


■CM  —         Oi  CM  CM  —  CM  —         OO  —  —  —  CD  —         -—CM 


O  t^  »0  -^  CM  o:  Ci 


«3  CM  O         iO  CO         OS         col 


30000(0—         t^  O  CO  OC  —  I-- CM  CO  OO 


-T-ICMU3         COCO       -CM         CCMCM         —         CI         COC^JCOdOO^^-^— '  — 


»0  Oi  O  »0  «D  00  CO 

O  —■  '-'  m  CO  ^f  CO 


.  —         COCM  »0 


lO— '       (DOS     -r*       cocMOS'trcMOsr^      eooso:oicor^CMco»c 

-M"'*'        «DCO      -CM        Oiy^y*C<t         —        C»»-«—  —  O:  —  •-'^— ' 


OS -^  CO  OC  CM  OC  CO 


■  OO       c  oc  t^ 


^       .         lO  — ^--^CMCM-       ■       • '^         C  -^  ^ 


f*co       o  OS     ■—       t^  CO  CO  CO  o; '•^  CM       »rt  co  o:  r>.  co  co  »c  — ' 


■  — >  C-l  CO         00  CO 


O  CM  CM -^  •-"        d         O:  CM  CM  CO  O:  CJ  CM  CM  < 


COO  CO  CO  «5  t^  — 
00  —  —  TT 'JT  CO  CM 


•  —      t-coeo 


•  i-i  CM  kO         0OU3       -CM 


•  OS      c  CD -n- CO  io  *o  r^ 


-  CO  —■  CM         CM 


iO^rcD  —  r^osi— Oi 

"eOCM  CM  OC  —         —CM 


(D  — '         W5  CO  CO  CM 


,_       .       -Ol—  b-         CO^-         CM         «30— 'COOSCOOS         OOC-— '^^C^-CDCOCMO 


CO  CO  CM -^  CM  ^  CM         iOCO-^COOCMC 


•  —       ■         CM 


^-CDCOMCOcDOsOOCOOC        kCOlOiCDCSCOOOS 


■ooo  o:      coci 


OS-rrcOCOCMCDOO         CMCMOICOsOiOcCOS- 


CM  CO  t*    O  »0   ■  •f    CM  CM  CJ  •-«  CM    CO    CO  CO  CO  CO  OS  *— CM  CM  CO  ^^   •   ■ '— 


ooocooocMCJcoco  —  CO      oo»cr^oocoTr  — o 
CO  ^- •-•  CO  T  CO  CO  <— •— ■  — '       oc  CO  CO       .—■.—' eo  W3 


•  CO        OS  t^  U3t^  —  "5 


COCM»OOOiOl^l~-i-<00 


CO  CM  IC    CD  CO  CO  —  CO —' CO    CO  CO  CO  ^  O  CM  CO --« -n" '— '   •   -CM 


._   .    OS  T  OO  CO  CM  t- CD  00 -^  r*    CM  CM  — '  OS  OS  W5  t-- OS 


I— r*  »o  CO  CO      r- —      CO  CO  >o  .—  u^ws 


. -t-  —  C;         CO  CM  h*  ■^         00  CD  —  OS  O  —  •—         CM  GO  CO  OS  O  CM  CM  CO  »0  oc 
■CMU50S         CM-fT— 'CD         kOM-T         CO-— 'tJ«         »CCMCOCMCMCMCM— i'-T- 


1  CO  "^        —  —  ■■ 


cDrfoo'^'^cs      *oc)coo      —  —  i^oscoooco      »«o5<D  —  t-TTOsoooco  —  ccc—      tz'^^^^TtP?^!!'^'^      SfSSl2l!!^S^ 

oSt^dioS         IcScmS         lOCM^         M         ^         OOCO^COOOCMCM  —  CO  — CM— CM—         CO  —  —  C7S  lO  t- CO  —  —  CM         O  »C  »0 '- —  C^l  CO 


-O^-OSCCOO-TOC  — 


■^u^OeOr>-'— -OSOCOCO        lOOiOOCDcDCDC 


gSS^S-       SS^S       D5^:^i=^^:2^       ;j^55^S^^dd5d-c.-^'       co?5cMOo«^^^-c3       ooi^"=^       -^^^ 


^CO-OOCM^         OS  OC  CM  OS         OO  CD  t- ^l  <^  S  "^         ^  ^  t::"^)^^?^"^  ^^^ '^  ^  °^-         ^^^^'^  ^StS^^         Z:^^^^^^^^ 

—  ?<i  CD  .— CM  ■'^       -^  CM  O  »--       CO  OS  lo  ■*r  c;  o  "^       oo  lo  cs  r- os -^  co  —  oco  "^ 

h^^i-HCM-^OO         ^^»0'-'U5         UiCMCO— 'C^'—'CO         cDeOCOCOOCMCMCMCO— « 


-  OO  —         lO» 


J  ,-.  q:  CO  CO  h»  OS        CO  O  (^  lO  CD  OS  o  e 


,—  CD'—'OSCMCj  lO"^ 
CD  .-' lO  OS  OO —  — '— 
•^  w  —  —  CO 


liClO         CDCOCMt-r-'—CD-  — 'C0t--0'— >r—         coco  —  ClOOCM— '^CdOS         O^- 

!^^       — ^tC:tocMcoMocDOsco^r-—       cjcD»or-cDcD^w5t^cD       d-*' 

:COCOOCMCMCMM— '  lO  —  '^CO^'^CO  —         0_W5  ^ 


OCOSCD         *Ct^COC00001d         CCCOt^WSCMCOCMOCDOSC 


-  —  USOC'^J' 

jcoooicr^ 

CO  -^ 


OS  CM  CO  —  —  =0 
OS  ^  -^  CO  —  OO 


.-H  CM  CO         ICC 


OSOOSOOOO         kOt^Oo:- t^COt-O— C^ICMCOO         — COCOCS'^CDCM  —  —  CM         QOCDOOCMOCO- 
-CDCOW5         CO  (^  00  OO  CO  CD  00         00  CD  —  OO  00  CM  CM  —  OS  »0  ^  —  OS  <— i         SS2S 


=  e  ?  o'i^ 


BOcL, 


11-111= 


O^o 


^2   g^  = 


:o  o.. 


^^"^^.1 


3  S-a^a  g 


o 


=3    O^    °J= 


03  «g 

m2 


O    {V, 
OS 

o  2 


■K  _coji:   .-^ 


3.2    E    «    c3    rt 

;pieL,Woo 


_    .  .  -O 


jHjHjZOKajfc 


252 


Eighty-Ninth  Annual  Report 


a  be 


■  U3        -^  C^  C^         Ci      -COM 


-  ■n«        Ol  QO  CO       c^      ■  c^ 


F-*  es  Oi      I—     ■  o  >«  CD 

^f*  f- CO       '-'     ■  ec  ■^  M 


OS  O     -O     ■  Oi       OO  i— <  o     ■  i~»  eo 
CO «o     ■  t—    •  t^tmn    ■  r* oo 


•  t—       o  oo  C<1       CC  CC  o  o  o 


■1-1  l-H   t^CO 


OS  >00  OS  kO 


C<         Fi         CO         M 


•  ^  ^       ■  CM  »0 


■  oo      t^  <— '  <D       cc  — ■  Oi  CO  r 

Ci         CI         -^  — 


CO  o  CM  *c  oo  •— '       CO  OS —■  o  CO  c^ -^  r>.  CO  TT 

•— ■ -^  OS  f  r*  CO       d  oo  oo  t>- 1^  •-< .— « CD  t^  ^ 

t^  ,_         ,-H  ,— .  .— I         CO  C^  1— '         ,-1.-..-.'^  •-« 


C^  oo -n-  CM  ^- »0  O  CO  CO  CO  <— '  CO 'S*  t^  CM  -r  t— CM 
OsiOCC  COCOOO.— -CDkOOS  WSCMO-CMOSOOCO 
»ft  Ci  CO         lOCM-^COCM^^  t^  ^  ^^  ^ 


■•  lO  CM  ■—■  CO  CO         00  OS  CM  CO  CO  OS  ■f  W5  CO  " 


osiooo  r^ooo 


I  OS  OS  CO  OS  »o  t^  oo      »C  CM  c 


OS  OC  O  CM  00  '—  CO  CM         oo  oo -^  —  i«  O  t-- 

00  CM  CC  CO  1— I  CM  ^- ■— >         OC  •-"'—'—'  —  —  •—' 


-^  t^  CO  ^  CO  CM  C^ 


M3  00  t—         -^  OS  CO -^  »0 
OC  CM  kO         CO  CO  «— rr  CO 


■  iC         CM         W5  CM  CO  CO  00  oo  oo 

■  lO         CO         O  CM  i-H  ^  CM         ^ 


"  i-H  CO         O  -^O  CM  C 


wSfSo 


^OOCM— '  ^• 


CO  CM  t--  -H  CO 


CO       ■       ■  -^ 


OS  t—  CO  OS  CO  o  t^ 


O  CM         Ui       -CM         oo  »0  CO         COCO'-'       ■       ■  --«         <— I  Tt<t-         ---co 


CO  c^  ^-       r^  — t>-4Cos     ■  Tj"  >— < 


■  ^  -N         OS  CD  ^ 


■*f  CD  U3  «-H       -CM         O  t- CO  1— '  CO  OS  oo 

coco       »c     ■  tt       ■■*•  —  CO  »— cm  cm 


■CD         CM  *0  t>»         CM  OS  OS  OS  ^-       ■  OS  »0         OS  OO  CO 
■^         O  CO  CO         C^  CM  OS  CO  CM       ■  ^  i-h         OO  lO  t— 


OCM         »0        CM 


CO  CO  ^      ■      ■  ^         ^  - 


CO  CM  •—       b*  <-- r>- »c  OS     ■ -^  .— . 


i— CO  OS  CO  CM       ■I—.-'         OS  CO  .— ' 


-  CD  W5  1—         CM 


'  ^  CO  —  CM  C 


-  U5         1-*  ^  b-         <— '  OS  OS  OO --"       •  OS  »0         OS  00  CO 
■^         OeOCO        CMCMCSCOCM      - -M  ^         oc»c^ 


00050      •  — 


CD       -co         .-•  oo  CO 


t^  CM  CO  oo  W5  CD  OS 


I  ^       ■         CM 


1—         •-<  W3  CO         fX>t^t--^O0      -  CO  OS 


CM  ^  r*         CO  CO  O  CD  CM       ■  CQ 


*COr*OS       .  W5         CM  CM  CD  CO  .-- CM  CO 
N  CM         rr       -co         OC  CO  CO  ^  CM  CO  CM 


•  o   ^coosco^  -int^      -^coo 

<  00    iC  CM  O  M^ 'S*   ■  Cq       OS>«« 


•^O  oi  •"!  •  ^ 


I  CO  OC  lO  CD  OS  1-- 


W5  CO  •-"  CD  *a      »-*  r- CO   us  cm  co 


30SO0SCM     ■t>-os      cowsr^ 


IftUDOS         CJCOCOCD"^       ■  -— ' 


CO  b- Tp  CO  -OS   CO  CO  o  CO  OS  <-- r^ 

«0  CM  *-' CO   ■  ■^    00  OC  TT  CM  »0  CM  CM 


■CO    CO  CD  t— 


Ot^CMOOO   ■  iO  00   »Ot^CM 

OS  Tf  CM  W3  CM   ■  CM  ^-t    CO  OS  .— 


t^  iO  »C  00   -OS    oo  W5  CD  CO  »C  <— "  O   •  CM  CO    OS  CO  CO 


r^cO'->eo  •  io   coooio*—-' 


-  oo  •—  "^  r— 00  CO    U5  00  O   ■  CM  Oi  CO 


CO  CO  r^   OC  lo  OS  OS  lO -r  CM  >^   cs»ftCM  •  co  •—»  co 


COCMOi— '       -O         CO  oo  CO  »0  CO  CO  »«  coco         CM  Tj- 00         CM  lO  O  CO  CO  »0  " 


O  U5 -^  oo      -co        r*  *— »0  «-■  CO  CO  CM 


CO  CO  CD         OS  »0  CM  CO -^f  ■^  CO  C 


O  CO  CM       -coco  -^ 


o 

1^2 

■MCO 

■  t^ce 

5 

•oot^Ot^o-^oioo 

•  ■<!t"  Cq  *0  CO  CO  CO  CM  iO 
CM 

0:000 

lor^TfCMOsocosco 

CD 
CM 

■U5  00  CM  CO  00 
■  CM  W3  CO  CO  CO 

BQ 

■a-mm 

:ggK 

U5 

■ScMwScOCO^CM  -^ 

COiO  1— 

g"2 

OCOCM'^-rrOi^-rt' 
CMCO  —  OOrJ-iOCOCM 

0 

■  OC  »OCO  CM 

■  -^co-^co-^ 

O 

o5« 

:gS 

■00-^CMCOOOSW3CO 

|S§ 

CM  00  CO  CD  CM  OS  CD  00 

•"irociooooscoeo— < 

CD 

:S3SI?2? 

pa 

§??; 

■00  t~ 

-  OS  ^ 

i 

■1— OSCO^-^-^I^CM 
■CD^"*-*--'COCMCM 

«  — IM 

S22 

osoor^co»flCMicco 

t^OCOOcOOCMCO 

S 

■COINOtOtO 

•  •*  lO  t~  CO  -a" 

O  -^  »—  »0  CO  »c 


■r-osooco«-"t— ^-*coo 


r-- CM »«      o  CO -^  ^r  Tf  eo  t^  U5 

r- 00  OS       .— 10  »o  ■^  UD  t-- ^H  *-. 

00  !>.  O         Tj<  CD -^  00  iO  CO  CO  CM 


.  —  1—  c)  -r  00  OS 


>    3 


r^ococooct--       os'^'tj'^-cDwsc 


CM  -^  CD  t^  COO 


SCDW5t-.OiOO»0- 


-<  CM  »0        O  CD  -r 
^  40         W3  CM  CM 


«D»COOSCt-OlO 


OT-^F-.'^COUa         -^CMiO'-'-^COCMOO'— iCO         t^t— O  ■— 'C 


I.— .CDOOi— '-^OO  lOt^OO' 


000000 

OC  CO  OS  CO  iO  kO 


I  C«^  -^  CO  — < 


ooco-rroooo 

COOOOOOOOSCD.-' 
OCOCDCOCM'—'—  *-* 


CO  CM  CM  CO  CM  r-  O 

—  ^  00  CO  GOO  O 
^  CO  ^  ^  —  ^  CM 


0X 

I 


.'O 


liij 


McgC 


•  n^S'3'- 


Maryland  State  Department  of  Education 


253 


CO      -OS      -iO 


CO     ■  >-"     ■  CO  ^r  »o  r^  ^^ 


■c^     ■       -^o 


CO  OS  CO      ■OSO'— ccc« 

c^  r^  <—     ■QOos<occoo 


OeDt>-»ftcoc^coos-^^ 
cc>osac»o-^ooc^»cr>-eD 


CO  c^  to     -  udc 


5  iC  CO  O         C^ -^  CO  CO  eO 


r»co  cooo 


0.-""^i00       QO'^r-»Tric<cooososcD^'— CO"— '"^coooo       iftcoosi— ico»coo-HoscoO»0'r»cco»cc«ccocoo       ^-r^-^cot 


*  CO  »o       CO  c^  00  »-' CO  o  o  1— ■  r»  »o  c 


i  •-  CO  O         lOt 


._       itoooi— ■oococo^-ooosciOsco'^-TfOscooo       oso: 
.^«,«,j.,_5^_,«_ieo»c>ceococ^coc^'»*  -^,-,, 


•— > -^  to  Oi  <M         C^  U5  QO  C 

t^r-icr-so       ^ocr-*    _ 

-r       ^-       ^-       CO  c^  CO  "^  c 


.eOO-^OQOt^OStOCOC 


tcoococot^t~^^-osoocc 


.  uo  r^  OS  CO  CO  CO       ^- GO  — 'T  oo 


•  C00040CO'— 'TOSCO^-  —  lOCO-^tO        CO  —  COCOOSODCOQOaC  —  (M»0— *co  —  •c-r^-»cos 


J  CO  —  CO  »-  »o  " 


coc^c^to^-'t^oj  —  —  -rrcoioco-^c^coc 


_  1  OO  CO  oc  oo 
«5        —        — 


coco*cr>-c^coocaco 

C^  -^  CO  ^- »C  00  CJ         b* 


CMOSC^0C00O»O  —  CO! 
—  OOOSMO"^-^^! 


»o  —  CO  — 


.  .— ■  CO  ■— ■         CO  t^  OO 


-cocsi  —  oo 


COOOOCOC^OSCOOCXJtO 

■^eo^-TC^iowscoc^oo 


-r  c^  -1^^^   ^x  CI  CO  ■  ^-  ■  c^ 


00  "T*©   ■  «  -H  c 


;  t—   OS  CJ  O  CI  CO  CO  ^t*  C>» 

>— ■   o  oo  CO  —  iccoci — 


eococo  t-*  —  00 


oo  —  c*     — 


•  N  CO  —  *-t 


o  r-  oc  OS  c 


roc4»Oi^t^  —  coos 

I-^COOC^COCOCM-^ 


!>.  N  C^   ■  ^- -^  OS  OS  CO  f* 
COOOCO    CO  CI  —  Cv»  Ci  »o 


■^  CI  ■^  COiO 


CO  CO  -r  o:  I 


.  .^  ^«  (M  IC  U3  US  CJ 


CO  —  CI    —    — lOOCO^-UOCOC*^- 


co  CO  CO     -  CO -r  CO  r— •-"  w 
-r  *c  r—       -r  CO  c»  CO  CO  CO 

oo  —  CJ  — ■ 


t>-oco  —  — • 


Ot^OCOscO        CO  OS  CI  —  OOCO  CDOO 


CO         c^         ^- 


I  OS  — '  CO  CO  CJ  <— 


:cot^     -ou^csoscoc 
.  oc  CO        CO  CI  ■— c^  c»  * 


^J-  CI  -f  CO  iO 

CO  — CI  —■•-« 


OS  00  —  —  o:       CO  c 


I  d  CO  t^  OS  ^»C 


50       CO  —  «— '       cooh^-— ooco'^fcooo 


CO  — I  CO  O  -^  CO  c 


—  -^  coo  — 


co^''^fcoa'.       co^--rcio»c^*"r^os 
00  — CO  — —      o  00  o  —  oo-^ -^ci  oo 


OsdCOOS-^OCIQO- 00 


■  00  CO  CO  CO  CI  CO  W3 


I  CI       — 


O  OS  —  —  OS 
ao*^co-^«— 


.  ^^  »0  O  ^—    »0  CI  00  CI  »C  ■»■  CO  U5  W3 


CO  —  CI  — -: 


00»/5CICIcO»OW3dO 


ClOOCCOOCOCO^-»OCO 
OOCOlCCOCOOO'^COCOt* 


COi«CO  -^  ^ 
OS  CI  CO  —CI 


40  dO  -r  OS 


•  osO  ■-rr>->ocO'' 


00  — -rt"  —  —  QCCI  00  ^  OS'^  CO  —  — 


-roc^-osco— lor^eooo 
ciooocj*r*C'rcodco 


d  CO  coo  o 


coos  o:  —  -r       co 
^       -vd  CO       t^ 


■  .—  r--r— .co»o     -eodost^ooosos       lO 

■  CO  OS  00  t^  c^  c^      •  OS  ^»* «— ost^d  d  CO        o 


>^---rcnooscoeo— idcicicocoo     -co       Oi-rocico 


jt^cooso  — coooco- 


•  —    ^  -^  CO  —  CO 


CO  d  —  o  CO   b* 

oo  —  TJ-  —  d    00 


-  OS  CO  d  OS  00  CO   r>.  d  CO  oo  c 


■oscooooc-^coco 


-oosoc^-oO'TOO-^-*'—     -co       -rososcoc 
f -^  00  00  osos  —  iooo»o  —       CO       —  d  CO  —  e 


O  CD-^  —  OS        oc 
d  d  COdCO         W3 


■  oc  CO  OS  o  CO  CO       o  t^  d  d -^  CO       ^-       c; 

■CI^-QCOCO*^  OOT-^dO-^       ••-•         OS 


.,—  (-..—  cot—  —  0i0d^-*ri04ccot 
■  coco-^^r-ricoooooodoo  —  00- 


r^      osc  00  —  o 
■  CI       —  d  -r  d  CO 


O  0-.  en  00  -I" 

•^ 

■  iO  CO  r^  OS  OS  t^       looo  — or-to 

■  CI  CO  t- oo  CO  ■*       t^ioeod- iO 

■2 

is   : 

CO 

-ooo  —  r--ro;»co  —  cooor^ooco       u^ 

■■*tCco-r-t"»oo;  —  ooosiot— ot--co     -c* 

CO  OS  OS  cows 
CI  —  f  d  CO 

•n  05  —  00 

—  —  U5  — (M 

to 

■CO 

OOsOcOiO-^ddCOC^ 

t^r-coooic- loocairdto 

■  t^ 

§   : 

OS 

-t^coood-  —  ot-oidcodocccccco 
-oc-rr- t^»oco  —  o^  —  »ooc-^ccr*co-*' 
—       d                — dd— ^       — 

-r  -r  »oioo 
-r  CO  CO  CO  Tf 

f  —  02  05  oc 

s  • 

■CO 

COCO  —  TT-rcocoeOcc—  — 
OO-^co-^- -rr^ociOco 

-2 

00      ■ 

■  OiC:  — d-^-osd-rcooooccoco- -^ioco 
•  oC'^coos»o-rd  —  t^ot^oow3oct^»oco 

oodOcoco 
CO  CO  -r  d  -^ 

CO  — <  OS  CO  o 
»0  !>.  CD  t-^  -t- 


Doos^-ooiooico  —  -^ooodoooo       cOdoodt^os^-'^^-cir^^-dcoi--.ooc_  . 
-ccooCdOosr^ooiCOs-ft^'^co       codict^osOT-^oo^rosiOdio-rososc 


I  —  ooocr»-coQO«oc 


■co-roiuoio-fos  —  —  coc 


-  CO  CO  d  —  . 


COtCCOCO— '         tOOSOSdCO— 'ClOC 


ICWSCOCOCDTfM'OSOiiOOCOOSOOOCCCO 
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254 


Eighty-Ninth  Annual  Report 


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1,833 
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256                                   Eighty-Ninth  Annual  Report 
TABLE  XXIX— Enrollment  by   Subject,  Excluding   Duplicates: 

Each   Maryland 

County 

County 
Name  of  High  School 

Total 
Enroll- 
ment 

C 
B 

^ore 
G 

Eng 

ish 
G 

Soc 
Stuc 

al 
lies 

Scie 

nee 

Mat 

mat 

he- 
ics 

Lat 

n 

B 

G 

B 

B 

G 

B 

G 

B 

G 

B 

G 

1  Allboany 

2  Oldtown  Sr.-Jr.                             

3,858 
105 
124 
1,013 
794 
.337 
385 
264 
494 
108 
76 
99 
59 

4,998 
401 
559 
554 
573 
231 
700 
528 
525 
927 

11456 
553 
822 
500 
763 
904 
403 
465 

1,270 

513 

999 

635 

88 

1,080 

1,497 

77 

89 

110 

223 

465 

617 
301 
57 
259 

833 
150 
193 

82 
171 

55 
182 

1,935 
177 
208 
192 
586 
125 
108 
111 
217 
63 
20 
27 
94 
7 

1,444 
99 
93 
406 
264 
229 
176 
35 
39 
103 

3,646 
112 
110 
974 

782 

315 

390 

212 

457 

97 

71 

73 

53 

5,100 
447 
600 
611 
623 
196 
717 
463 
443 

1,000 

11203 
.558 
978 
511 
817 
937 
453 
447 

1,140 
515 
918 
594 
84 
938 

1,411 

59 

81 

117 

228 

417 

593 
263 
56 
274 

808 
176 
184 

70 
147 

52 
179 

1,960 
188 
224 
206 
566 
129 
149 
115 
184 
43 
23 
18 
104 
11 

1,483 

84 

78 

380 

286 

294 

184 

29 

45 

103 

41 

3 

2 
1 

14 
4 
2 
4 
7 
1 

3,22 

41 
45 

7C 
52 

52 
6( 

7,62 

28 

5S 

2f 

2£ 

91 

27 

96 

6.3 

8 

1,08 

1,49 

7 

S 

7 

15 
32 

16 
5 
3 

7 

32 
6 
4 
3 
9 
2 
6 

50 
5 

15 
12 
9 

2 
2 
2 

7     330 

3  26 

6  io 

5         6 

0  148 

7  31 

5  1 

4  33 

6  71 

1  4 

7  3 ,058 

1  401 

8  411 

0      717 

8  463 

5  443 

5  623 

6  7,109 
0      273 

7  597 

2  283 

5  285 

6  810 

6  281 

9  918 
5     594 

8  84 
0     938 

7  1,411 

7  59 

9  81 

2  71 
0      147 

3  277 

2      163 

4  55 

8  26 
0       82 

8  368 

4  65 

9  70 

0  28 

5  89 
9       25 

1  91 

6  514 

1  33 

9      175 
8      115 
5      116 

2  2i 
8       30 

3  24 

3,439 
105 
91 

1 ,013 
766 
322 
245 
217 
469 
64 

88 
59 

1,770 
401 
559 
142 
115 
231 

322 

3,815 
553 
539 
499 
763 
311 
136 
170 
354 
237 

38 
73 
142 

455 

247 

19 

189 

503 
86 

144 
52 
76 
26 

119 

1,935 

177 

208 

192 

586 

125 

108 

111 

217 

63 

20 

27 

94 

7 

938 

48 

93 

247 

136 

134 

176 

13 

11 

80 

3,315 
111 

84 
974 
772 
309 
242 
181 
456 

64 

69 
53 

2,042 
447 
600 
210 
212 
196 

377 

4,088 
557 
705 
511 
817 
339 
166 
162 
330 
234 

46 
81 
140 

430 
208 
30 
192 

439 
110 
114 
42 

58 
27 
88 

1,959 
188 
224 
206 
565 
129 
149 
115 
184 
43 
23 
18 
104 
11 

969 

51 

78 

205 

171 

178 

184 

8 

15 
79 

3,257 
105 
91 
973 
737 
298 
196 
187 
459 
64 

88 
59 

1,605 
400 
493 
140 
115 
231 

226 

3,761 
547 
496 
498 
753 
316 
137 
170 
354 
237 

38 
73 
142 

437 

245 

19 

173 

485 
86 

144 
47 
76 
26 

106 

1,929 
177 
208 
192 
585 
125 
108 
111 
212 
63 
20 
27 
94 

931 

46 

93 

247 

136 

134 

176 

13 

11 

75 

3,060 
104 

84 
903 
699 
299 
187 
162 
436 

64 

69 
53 

1,920 
445 
511 
203 
212 
190 

359 

4 ,052 
557 
668 
508 
816 
340 
170 
162 
330 
234 

46 
81 
140 

423 

204 

30 

189 

438 
109 
114 
42 
58 
27 
88 

1,947 
187 
224 
206 
566 
117 
149 
115 
184 
43 
23 
18 
104 
11 

955 
51 

78 

203 

170 

176 

184 

8 

15 

70 

3,190 

99 

107 

865 

635 

260 

308 

204 

396 

108 

76 

88 

44 

3 ,281 
308 
437 
337 
371 
197 
355 
327 
525 
424 

10406 
493 
593 
355 
527 
834 
365 
437 

1,228 

393 

999 

635 

88 

1,080 

1,497 

77 

89 

110 

200 

406 

465 

203 

19 

243 

728 
142 
175 

72 
140 

55 
144 

1,750 
155 
188 
183 
501 
119 
104 
92 
197 
63 
20 
27 
94 
7 

1,310 

99 

59 

345 

255 

208 

173 

35 

39 

97 

2,827 

112 

96 

768 

552 

230 

293 

163 

323 

97 

71 

69 

53 

2,997 
282 
330 
340 
389 
153 
366 
289 
443 
405 

9,414 

359 

585 

270 

433 

813 

368 

393 

1,037 

368 

918 

594 

84 

938 

1,411 

59 

81 

115 

210 

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422 
135 
30 
257 

664 
148 
148 

57 
121 

52 
138 

1,685 
155 
183 
178 
460 
107 
136 
96 
171 
43 
23 
18 
104 
11 

1,225 

70 

46 

311 

229 

238 

163 

29 

45 

94 

2,955 

104 

83 

800 

544 

281 

280 

172 

368 

108 

76 

88 

51 

4,044 
242 
347 
497 
376 
190 
700 
327 
525 
840 

9,855 
270 
612 
283 
557 
749 
332 
365 

1,171 
389 
999 
635 
88 

1,080 

1,497 
77 
89 
104 
157 
401 

495 
235 
57 
203 

677 
110 
131 

76 
147 

55 
158 

1,549 
157 
175 
151 
438 
112 
85 
82 
153 
63 
20 
27 
79 
7 

1,233 
99 
74 
322 
208 
199 
159 
35 
39 
98 

2,473 

107 

79 

644 

474 

193 

258 

136 

312 

97 

71 

69 

33 

3,829 
197 
306 
505 
384 
154 
717 
289 
443 
834 

8,312 

214 

565 

101 

189 

708 

324 

331 

927 

291 

918 

594 

84 

938 

1,411 

59 

81 

95 

174 

308 

451 
180 
56 
215 

624 
125 
124 

60 
114 

52 
149 

1,427 
153 
158 
148 
383 
90 
108 
73 
1.36 
43 
23 
18 
83 
11 

1,208 

84 

61 

273 

187 

273 

155 

29 

45 

101 

247 

75 
51 
21 
32 
23 
45 

69 
16 
31 

16 

6 

339 
51 

80 
35 
81 
42 
25 

25 

31 
31 

27 

1 

4 

11 

11 

38 

8 

30 

28 
28 

347 

82 
96 
34 
32 
34 
69 

87 
11 
41 

20 

i5 

432 
99 

1.34 
40 
74 
33 
14 

38 

34 
34 

28 
9 

11 
5 
3 

59 
11 

48 

3      Flintsfone  Sr.-Jr. 

4  Fort  Hill  Sr.-Jr. 

5  Allegany  Sr.-Jr 

8  Mt.  Savage  Sr.-Jr 

9  Beall  Sr.-Jr.      .              

12      Beall  Elem.-Jr 

13  Carver  Colored  Sr.-Jr 

14  Anne  Arundel 

16      Glen  Burnie  Sr.                             

18      Brooklyn  Park  Sr.-Jr 

22      Glen  Burnie  Jr. 

23      Bates  Colored  Sr.-Jr.                 

25      Catonsville  Sr.   .       .             

26      Towson  Sr 

27      Dundalk  Sr 

28      Kenwood  Sr. 

29      Milford  Mills  Sr.-Jr 

30      Franklin  Sr.-Jr 

31      Hereford  Sr.-Jr 

32      Parkville  Sr.-Jr 

35      Towson  Jr 

37      North  Point  Jr 

42      Carver  Colored  Sr.-Jr. 

43      Sollers  Point  Colored  Sr.-Jr. 

44  Calvert 

45  Calvert  County  Sr.-Jr. 

46      Beach  Jr 

48  Caroline 

52  Federalsbiirg  Sr.-Jr 

53  Ridgely  Sr.-Jr 

57  Sykesville  Sr.-Jr 

58  Manchester  Sr.-Jr 

60  Hampstead  Sr.-Jr 

61  New  Windsor  Sr.-Jr.  

62  Elmer  Wolfe  Sr.-Jr 

63  Mount  Airy  Sr.-Jr 

64  Charles  Carroll  Jr 

65  Sandymount  Elem.-Jr 

66  Mechanics I'ille  Elem.-Jr 

68  Johnsville  Colored  Elem.-Jr 

69  Cecil 

23 

70  Cecilton  Sr.-Jr 

71  Chesapeake  City  Sr.-Jr 

72  Elkton  Sr.-Jr 

73  North  East  Sr.-Jr 

74  Rising  Sun  Sr.-Jr 

75  Perryville  Sr.-Jr 

76  Kenmore  Jr 

77  Calvert  Jr 

78  Carver  Colored  Sr.-Jr 

23 

Maryland  State  Department  of  Education 


257 


Public  High  School :     Year  Ending  June  30,  1955 




Agri- 

1           nome 

culture 

Industrial 

Economics 

French 

Spanish 

Physical 
Education 

Music 

Art-Arts 
and  Crafts 

» 

n 

ousiness 
°     Subjects 

Gen. 

Voc 

Arts 

Edu. 

Ge 

1. 

Vo 

c. 

B 

G 

B 
62 

G 

B 

B 

B 
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G 

B 

B 

G 

G 

B 

G 

B 

G 

B 

G 

B 

G 

1 

69 

101 

7C 

5J 

i 

163 

1,420 

4 

?9      7 

>7  1 ,174 

2,565 

2,211 

2 ,443 

2,438 

1,312 

1,213 

2 

5! 

i 

17 

36 

51 

105 

108 

71 

98 

47 

40 

3 

)4       51 

46 

10 

96 

86 

82 

102 

4 

27 

2( 

)        [ 

515 

63 

384 

)6      K 

58     300 

630 

555 

645 

640 

349 

342 

5 

19 

i5 

35 

5: 

. 

418 

311 

55     2 

7      264 

552 

439 

490 

434 

293 

250 

6 

11 

11 

180 

107 

^5       . 

)9      111 

186 

174 

186 

174 

14 

36 

262 

131 

15      1. 

56      185 

268 

263 

231 

280 

187 

198 

8 

194 

103 

26       - 

10       56 

239 

150 

134 

123 

160 

115 

9 

25 

39 

242 

76 

184 

1( 

)3      K 

7      258 

198 

184 

277 

304 

177 

195 

10 

108 

97 

108 

97 

108 

97 

11 

76 

71 

76 

71 

12 

99 

73 

99 

73 

99 

73 

13 

27 

24 

21 

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8 

11 

44 

42 

14 

254 

334 

36 

14i 

6 

■7  3 ,653 

25 

362 

3,418 

1 

39     2< 

)2  1,120 

4,379 

4,098 

3,379 

3,718 

2,971 

2,648 

15 

48 

64 

16 

5S 

245 

135 

. 

r3     364 

315 

239 

90 

161 

33 

64 

16 

42 

59 

250 

9 

194 

165 

i 

57     293 

387 

156 

87 

343 

50 

68 

17 

26 

30 

58      441 

451 

14      123 

532 

570 

388 

390 

357 

368 

18 

22 

21 

541 

16 

488 

i 

>0      149 

523 

544 

489 

511 

454 

416 

19 

16 

20 

J9      132 

120 

51        63 

205 

153 

115 

124 

23 

12 

20 

64 

87 

700 

717 

698 

714 

552 

579 

602 

636 

21 

.      528 

463 

528 

463 

435 

417 

459 

385 

22 

525 

443 

525 

440 

525 

443 

525 

443 

23 

36 

53 

2C 

9( 

)       6 

5 

.      291 

168 

436 

1 

39       . 

57      128 

666 

819 

698 

750 

468 

256 

24 

395 

475 

309 

30( 

)       4 

1 

}9  6,865 

15 

260 

116 

5,860 

n     9 

57  2 ,627 

11304 

11010 

8,160 

7,955 

7,642 

7,105 

25 

41 

32 

45 

4( 

. 

392 

4 

51 

203 

2 

9     372 

532 

520 

102 

167 

79 

72 

26 

64 

120 

113 

16i 

; 

459 

5 

78 

12 

559 

i 

38     305 

799 

936 

357 

382 

308 

346 

27 

92 

41 

.      243 

2 

22 

76 

123 

h 

21      382 

468 

490 

36 

78 

50 

38 

28 

44 

47 

85 

6. 

. 

409 

65 

257 

. 

H     570 

733 

792 

136 

254 

80 

58 

29 

51 

91 

7 

503 

14 

443 

1 

12     215 

904 

937 

652 

682 

622 

636 

30 

11 

17 

4 

1 

J9     215 

231 

18      127 

400 

439 

116 

133 

172 

220 

31 

26 

26 

50     235 

227 

, 

)4      112 

465 

447 

314 

322 

307 

292 

32 

33 

32 

59 

2. 

. 

798 

13 

644 

. 

r8     210 

1,245 

1,111 

976 

926 

995 

840 

33 

8 

12 

478 

352 

. 

)8     203 

501 

498 

316 

314 

312 

299 

34 

600 

570 

999 

918 

999 

918 

999 

918 

35 

343 

288 

635 

594 

635 

594 

362 

327 

36 

51 

60 

88 

84 

88 

84 

88 

84 

37 

658 

563 

1,074 

931 

1,080 

938 

1,080 

938 

38 

949 

884 

1,497 

1,411 

1,497 

1,411 

1,497 

1,411 

39 

77 

59 

77 

59 

77 

59 

40 

89 

81 

89 

81 

89 

81 

41 

34 

108 

96 

i      i3 

110 

117 

105 

102 

72 

71 

42 

161 

154 

t 

16       63 

223 

228 

200 

199 

186 

180 

43 

23 

263 

2 

44 

i 

206 

27 

8       55 

465 

417 

385 

311 

267 

235 

44 

18 

20 

< 

n      286 

375 

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482 

474 

320 

319 

178 

56 

45 

13 

9 

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187 

. 

34      102 

207 

194 

120 

102 

46 

57 

56 

57 

56 

47 

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ii 

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188 

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'3       42 

218 

224 

200 

2i7 

121 

48 

23 

26 

1! 

i      1 

8     549 

526 

12      K 

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769 

757 

513 

584 

51 

54 

49 

5 

15 

145 

112 

7       53 

132 

174 

109 

175 

50 

18 

11 

!6      133 

133 

^ 

55       59 

168 

144 

107 

111 

51 

>9        10 

60 

67 

67 

20 

io 

52 

131 

100 

6       65 

167 

144 

122 

120 

53 

i 

37 

52 

55 

51 

54 

)3       93 

69 

12       i 

4       44 

180 

177 

175 

178 

31 

44 

55 

94 

101 

'5  1  ,584 

31 

43 

1,394 

12 

!8     4( 

)1      606 

1,759 

1,775 

1,610 

1,750 

56 

84 

56 

8      171 

164 

, 

3       56 

172 

180 

143 

158 

57 

19 

20 

175 

176 

[ 

5       70 

203 

214 

186 

192 

58 

15 

16 

157 

143 

^ 

8       72 

189 

202 

143 

153 

59 

34 

36 

454 

^ 

ii 

14 

350 

22      K 

5      187 

457 

431 

452 

521 

22 

55 

60 

16 

12 

74 

29 

72 

17       i 

6       28 

124 

129 

98 

109 

61 

8 

108 

123 

5 

7       41 

108 

147 

95 

136 

62 

>3       92 

97 

2 

8       50 

111 

111 

98 

113 

63 

9 

4      176 

137 

21       I 

9       56 

213 

180 

184 

169 

64 

63 

43 

61 

43 

63 

43 

65 

20 

23 

20 

23 

20 

23 

66 

27 

18 

27 

18 

57 

94 

66 

58      : 

50       46 

94 

104 

94 

104 

68 

7 

11 

7 

11 

7 

11 

69 

12 

67 

62 

2      921 

114 

12 

1,018 

51      2 

2      408 

1,202 

1,038 

926 

1,089 

118 

20 

70 

4 

93 

71 

5        18 

98 

70 

84 

90 

71 

86 

78 

9        17 

84 

15 

41 

35 

72 

29 

34 

.' 

215 

261 

{ 

4      160 

329 

267 

253 

272 

118 

20 

73 

19 

IC 

. 

70 

62 

157 

( 

)4      105 

178 

184 

222 

230 

74 

19 

\i 

. 

2      136 

52 

12 

175 

. 

2       59 

208 

207 

122 

230 

75 

8 

151 

139 

! 

1        39 

128 

118 

115 

125 

76 

35 

29 

35 

29 

12 

17 

77 

39 

45 

39 

45 

39 

45 

78 

96 

63 

5i 

7        10 

103 

103 

38 

45 

258                                    Eighty-Ninth 
TABLE  XXIX-  Continued  -  Enrollment 

Annual  Report 
by  Subject,  Excluding  Duplicates: 

1 

Each  Maryland 

COU.N'IV 

Name  of  High  .'ichool 

Total 
Enroll- 
ment 

Co 
B 

e 

English 

See 

Stud 

a 

al 
ies 

G 

Science 

Mathe- 
matics 

La 
B 

in 
G 

B 

G 

G 

B 

G 

B 

G 

B 

G 

1,164 

339 

242 

34 

41 

53 

192 

263 

1,089 
250 
83 
275 
190 
291 

2,536 
709 
324 
114 
288 
209 
145 
472 
80 
195 

992 
414 

578 

2,388 
372 
792 
422 
272 
226 
172 
132 

1,118 
320 
177 
129 
162 
104 
226 

624 
91 

258 
97 

178 

7,776 
880 
944 
135 
529 
431 
439 
184 
819 
163 
612 
464 
448 
444 
371 
483 
167 
263 

1,221 

311 

257 

29 

37 

54 

237 

296 

1,058 
240 
94 
266 
183 
275 

2 ,536 
726 
292 

87 
286 
223 
147 
486 

83 
206 

952 
392 
560 

2,381 
356 
784 
484 
314 
189 
159 
95 

1,135 
336 
170 
130 
207 
92 
200 

586 
88 

235 
86 

177 

7,605 
971 
917 
141 
449 
404 
426 
169 
713 
172 
617 
461 
467 
398 
310 
436 
239 
315 

299 

34 

117 
148 

176 
99 

77 

1,448 
225 
200 

64 
166 
119 

52 
472 

80 

70 

992 
414 

578 

1 ,553 

258 
428 
278 
174 
226 
98 
91 

566 

100 
129 
128 
71 
138 

329 
58 

110 
42 

119 

1,270 

70 
149 

163 
612 

276 

297 

29 

109 
159 

176 
105 

71 

1,415 
192 
176 

61 
164 
129 

42 
186 

83 

82 

952 
392 
560 

1,495 
232 
410 
300 
205 
189 
96 
63 

528 

72 
130 
140 

71 
115 

293 
55 
92 
31 

115 

1,209 

55 
127 

172 
617 

238 

865 
339 
242 

41 
53 
75 
115 

913 
151 
83 
275 
190 
214 

1,086 
484 
122 
50 
122 
90 
93 

125 

835 
114 
364 
144 
98 

74 
41 

552 
320 

77 

34 
33 
88 

295 
33 

148 
55 
59 

6 ,493 
876 
939 
65 
380 
431 
435 
184 
819 

404 
448 
444 
95 
483 
167 
263 

924 
311 
257 

37 
54 

128 
137 

882 
135 
94 
266 
183 
204 

1,121 
534 
116 

26 
122 

94 
106 

124 

886 
124 
374 
184 
109 

63 

32 

607 

336 

98 

67 
21 

85 

293 
33 

143 
55 
62 

6,389 
968 
915 
86 
322 
404 
426 
169 
713 

461 
467 
.398 
72 
436 
239 
313 

861 
338 
241 

4i 
53 
76 
113 

818 
151 
83 
22l 
190 
172 

938 
439 

88 
50 
84 
90 
93 

94 

709 
99 
274 
125 
96 

74 
41 

468 
241 

7i 

34 
33 

88 

295 
33 

148 
55 
59 

5,979 
733 
789 
62 
332 
421 
410 
184 
739 

446 
448 
444 
94 
483 
131 
263 

920 
310 
257 

37 
54 
12b 
134 

792 
135 
94 
2U 
183 
168 

984 
478 
95 
26 
62 
9J 
105 

124 

697 
95 
281 
139 

87 

63 
32 

531 
260 
98 

67 
21 
85 

293 
33 

143 
65 

62 

5,838 
798 
741 
86 
295 
404 
385 
164 
661 

459 
467 
398 
72 
436 
159 
313 

876 
291 
101 
34 
41 
53 
175 
181 

912 
203 
83 
203 
190 
233 

1,362 

593 

170 

66 

162 

86 

78 

19 

27 

161 

1 

401 

150 

251 

1,118 
157 
398 
166 
105 
50 
110 
132 

997 
252 
169 
129 
162 
104 
191 

648 
87 

218 
90 

153 

1,599 
605 
706 
59 
378 
282 
256 
102 
443 

320 
258 
248 
214 
197 
306 
71 
154 

923 
241 
93 
29 
37 
54 
198 
271 

867 
189 
94 
141 
183 
260 

1,176 
520 
142 
34 
112 
87 
95 
18 
24 
144 

381 
164 
225 

1 ,021 
139 
336 
191 
116 
62 
92 
95 

944 
208 
141 
I3C 
207 
92 
166 

508 
76 

197 
77 

158 

4,221 
585 
563 
80 
348 
245 
269 
102 
408 

301 
216 
229 
174 
165 
258 
87 
191 

992 

227 

200 

34 

41 

63 

19o 

241 

801 
161 
58 
168 
190 
224 

1,836 
39li 
233 
79 
193 
134 

n; 

472 
80 
131 

71J 
3l:i 
403 

2,13; 
345 
733 
351 
233 
226 
136 
113 

91f 
193 
15f 
129 
162 
104 
171 

509 

78 
200 

78 
153 

6,815 
774 
745 
98 
383 
349 
298 
128 
690 
163 
612 
464 
448 
444 
371 
483 
102 
263 

975 
18L; 
173 
29 
37 
54 
21-, 
288 

749 
150 
68 
12;^ 
183 
226 

1,758 
314 
200 

74 
200 
144 
120 
486 

83 
137 

627 
270 
357 

1,944 
296 
632 
373 
240 
189 
129 
85 

803 
116 
111 
130 
207 
92 
147 

486 
75 

176 
78 

158 

5,631 
468 
363 
101 
218 
248 
248 
103 
662 
172 
617 
461 
467 
398 
310 
436 
146 
313 

10 
10 

46 
46 

116 

85 
9 
5 

16 

1 
1 

98 
32 
44 
5 
17 

24 
24 

27 
7 

15 
5 

479 
123 
68 

56 
13 
16 

19 

63 
55 

17 
32 

20 

10 
10 

51 

5i 

196 
118 

34 

14 

30 

8 
8 

104 
23 
44 
24 

13  J 

..   3 
..   3 

'"   3 
33  3 
33  3 

..  3 
..  * 
..  1 
..  1 

39  ) 

8  j 
22  i 
9i 

i 
698  1 
178  5 
113  5 

..  J 
26  53 
18  5J 
21  J. 

..  56 

41  s; 

..  i8 
89  is 
82  iO 
43  il 
53  i.' 
18  3 
16  i 
..  5 

2      La  Plata  Sr.-Jr.            

7  Bel  Alton  Colored  Sr.-Jr. 

8  Pomonkey  Colored  Sr.-Jr. 

9  Dorchester 

10      North  Dorchester  Sr.-Jr 

1 1  South  Dorchester  Sr.-Jr 

12  Cambridge  Sr 

1 4  Mace's  Lane  Colored  Sr.-Jr 

15  Frederick                

16      Frederick  Sr.          

17      Middletown  Sr.-Jr 

18      Emmitsburg  Sr.-Jr. 

21       Walkers ville  Sr.-Jr 

22      Elm  Street  Jr. 

23      Liberty  Jr 

24      Lincoln  Coloi-ed  Sr.-Jr. 

25  Garrett 

26  Northern  Garrett  County  Sr.-Jr 

27  Southern  Garrett  County  Sr.-Jr. 

29      Aberdeen  Sr.-Jr. 

30      Bel  Air  Sr.-Jr 

31      North  Harford  Sr.-Jr 

33      Edgewood  Jr 

35  Havre  de  Grace  Colored  Sr.-Jr. 

36  Howard   

37      Howard  County  Sr.-Jr 

38      LLsbon  Sr.-Jr 

39      Elkridgp  Jr 

40      Ellicott  City  Jr 

41      Clarksville  Jr 

42  Harriet  Tubman  Colored  Sr.-Jr 

43  Kent 

46      Rock  Hall  Sr.-Jr 

47      Garnett  Colored  Sr.-Jr 

48  Montgomery 

49  Bethesda-Chevy  Chase  Sr 

51      Poolesville  Sr.-Jr 

54      Gaithersburg  Sr.-Jr 

56  Wheaton  Sr.-Jr 

57  Rockville  Elem.-Jr 

58      Leland  Jr. 

59  Western  Jr 

60  Takoma  Park  Jr. 

62  Kensington  Jr. 

63  Eastern  Jr. 

64      Carver  Colored  Sr 

Maryland  State  Department  of  Education  259 

County  Public  High  School :     Year  Ending  June  30,  1955 


Agri- 

Home 

cult 

ure 

Industrial 

Economics 

FreiK'h 

Spanish 

Business 
Subjects 

Physical 
Education 

Music 

Art-Arts 
and  Crafts 

• 

n 

o 

Gen. 

Voc. 

A 

rts 

Edu. 

Gen. 

Voc. 

1 

B 

G   B 

G 

B 

B 

B 

G 

B 

B 

G 

G 

B 

G 

B 

G 

B 

G 

B 

G 

1 

56 

83 

131 

157 

642 

591 

57 

125 

369 

1,029 

1,007 

817 

802 

152 

208 

2 

17 

11 

68 

203 

215 

68 

155 

324 

309 

225 

190 

3 

21 

17 

82 

112 

43 

88 

202 

183 

179 

166 

93 

72 

4 

34 

34 

29 

5 

15 

5 

37 

41 

34 

41 

37 

6 

37 

i6 

54 

53 

54 

53 

51 

7 

i-i 

27 

35 

34 

140 

56 

13 

6 

50 

168 

188 

176 

180 

58 

8 

4 

28 

59 

39 

183 

117 

44 

8 

76 

207 

210 

138 

160 

59 

78 

9 

48 

77 

165 

556 

16 

557 

62 

234 

286 

1,004 

980 

683 

707 

335 

297 

10 

22 

26 

96 

166 

208 

85 

78 

240 

233 

168 

161 

11 

76 

84 

12 

14 

83 

92 

12 

'2 

26   '. 

139 

i6 

131 

117 

140 

217 

226 

16i 

219 

145 

114 

13 

190 

183 

190 

183 

190 

183 

14 

24 

25   '. 

69 

175 

134 

62 

20 

54 

274 

246 

164 

144 

15 

50 

121 

35 

306 

1,404 

1,472 

58 

589 

783 

2,370 

2,045 

1,572 

1,564 

837 

829 

16 

27 

54 

108 

345 

432 

211 

366 

584 

417 

196 

137 

207 

132 

17 

3 

17 

81 

138 

103 

is 

74 

65 

247 

195 

153 

140 

18 

29 

83 

86 

112 

86 

107 

86 

19 

5 

i9   '. 

44 

155 

122 

58 

81 

288 

269 

189 

225 

lig 

176 

2(1 

4 

15 

161 

186 

159 

186 

202 

168 

119 

128 

21 

11 

16 

35 

44 

111 

44 

25 

144 

140 

93 

110 

i? 

ii 

22 

228 

247 

472 

486 

472 

486 

472 

486 

23 

127 

83 

127 

83 

80 

83 

24 

167 

102 

45 

43 

60 

194 

201 

163 

169 

22 

24 

25 

31 

62  n 

17 

212 

652 

494 

211 

151 

335 

785 

561 

743 

779 

364 

289 

26 

6 

13 

108 

347 

191 

97 

46 

122 

323 

231 

332 

372 

25 

49   18 

17 

104 

305 

303 

114 

105 

213 

462 

330 

411 

407 

364 

289 

2S 

61 

105 

175 

1,545 

1 

34 

19 

1,496 

31 

150 

514 

2,165 

2,013 

1,863 

1,841 

1.086 

1,094 

29 

7 

22 

187 

182 

61 

83 

363 

334 

295 

248 

118 

97 

30 

42 

55 

58 

663 

1 

627 

27 

180 

635 

514 

502 

479 

446 

441 

31 

fi 

9 

117 

202 

240 

12 

23 

143 

411 

457 

356 

433 

216 

225 

32 

6 

19 

112 

34 

143 

19 

35 

78 

228 

265 

180 

238 

173 

215 

a 

120 

109 

224 

189 

226 

189 

106 

80 

34 

129 

\9 

100 

4 

30 

172 

159 

172 

159 

27 

36 

35 

132 

95 

132 

95 

132 

95 

i6 

38 

44 

22 

173 

575 

826 

36 

211 

320 

1,079 

1,004 

832 

948 

277 

320 

37 

21 

23 

45 

212 

138 

120 

213 

287 

224 

115 

211 

116 

113 

38 

3 

11 

66 

128 

26 

54 

172 

152 

141 

141 

39 

129 

130 

129 

129 

129 

130 

11) 

207 

161 

207 

161 

207 

lei 

207 

tl 

104 

92 

104 

92 

104 

92 

12 

14 

io  '.'. 

22 

62 

130 

131 

36 

65 

53 

226 

200 

182 

167 

13 

13 

22   16 

13 

74 

281 

342 

51 

112 

103 

588 

512 

446 

479 

58 

55 

14 

74 

55 

20 

14 

16 

91 

88 

73 

87 

58 

55 

i5 

ie 

13 

46 

114 

71 

66 

234 

184 

162 

178 

16 

71 

58 

27 

21 

98 

85 

61 

71 

17 

13 

22   '.'. 

28 

136 

115 

31 

165 

155 

150 

143 

:8 

224 

393  35S 

411 

55 

135 

5.267 

267 

615 

4,140 

313 

734 

1,653 

6,827 

6,366 

4,089 

4,299 

2,879 

3,053 

^9 

98 

190   15C 

177 

511 

80 

29 

225 

40 

156 

377 

766 

679 

197 

364 

78 

159 

.0 

72 

105   142 

15D 

505 

71 

108 

206 

51 

274 

471 

581 

474 

133 

207 

94 

162 

il 

3 

13 

26 

44 

66 

54 

25 

10 

40 

133 

130 

76 

99 

67 

71 

2 

6 

5    8 

27 

249 

i 

141 

195 

37 

88 

209 

453 

326 

263 

290 

179 

167 

3 

23 

43   16 

10 

258 

63 

192 

98 

16 

72 

382 

359 

265 

220 

212 

201 

4 

12 

12 

29 

49 

300 

's 

232 

106 

204 

402 

393 

215 

241 

161 

151 

5 

9 

6 

42 

122 

119 

27 

65 

169 

144 

102 

107 

6 

5 

3   27 

35 

544 

16 

101 

358 

30 

58 

136 

713 

619 

423 

406 

399 

360 

7 

163 

172 

163 

172 

163 

172 

163 

172 

8 

467 

25 

428 

606 

613 

411 

419 

256 

281 

9 

345 

366 

459 

456 

347 

363 

257 

214 

0 
1 

383 
351 

372 
327 

448 
442 

465 
394 

249 
364 

298 
339 

111 
293 

134 
307 

2 

306 
401 

245 

376 

351 
483 

301 
436 

319 
371 

251 
353 

218 
298 

228 
310 

t 

8 

28 

77 

49 

173 

32 

79 

99 

163 

37 

84 

48 

62 

5 

219 

17 

273 

177 

242 

154 

86 

45 

74 

260                                       Eighty-Ninth  Annual  Report 

TABLE  XXIX— Continued— Enrollment  by  Subject,  Excluding  Duplicates: 

Each  Maryland 

County 
Name  of  High  School 

To 
Enr 
me 

B 

8,826 
849 
739 
746 
271 

1,020 
301 
275 
250 
532 
663 
588 
338 
511 
230 
388 
347 
613 
59 
106 

661 
1.33 
233 
103 
192 

753 
173 
265 

80 
153 

82 

812 
174 
185 
58 
38 
14 
227 
116 

777 
377 
156 
244 

3 ,629 
787 
270 
274 
207 
533 
202 

51 
436 
449 
338 

82 

1,544 

362 

76 

86 

44 

590 

386 

1 ,013 
156 
176 
337 
344 

tal 
oll- 
nt 

G 

( 

B 

5,88 

47 
24 
55 
19 
17 
19 
33 
66 
58 
33 
51 
23 
38 
23 
61 
5 
10 

8 

8 

9 
9 

48 
10 
12 
3 

1 

12 
7 

29 
17 

li 

93 

n 

12 
9 
9 
8 
2 

33 
5 

64 

9 

9 

20 

25 

^ore 

G 

r  5,787 

i      461 
3     220 
1      510 

5  177 
9      170 
1      202 
1      284 
3      615 
8      639 
8      358 
1      430 

0  245 

8  362 

1  225 
3      725 

9  69 

6  95 

2  77 

2  77 

0       80 

0  80 

1  436 
9      105 

0  119 
5       34 
9       25 

3  95 
5       58 

1  307 

7  184 

4  123 

0  968 

2  118 

4  112 

1  93 

8  89 

9  110 

5  39 

8     359 

3  48 

0     549 

4  94 

5  89 

0  179 

1  187 

Ens 

;lish 

Social 
Studies 

Scie 
B 

ace 

G 

3,638 
388 
441 
322 
102 
407 
115 
178 
97 
187 
182 
206 
115 
122 
67 
90 
207 
317 

95 

544 
123 
183 
92 
146 

647 
128 
217 

97 
144 

61 

729 
149 
170 
53 
47 
10 
208 
92 

728 
357 
134 
237 

2,434 

457 

205 

238 

182 

388 

200 

63 

348 

198 

81 

74 

1,275 
183 
50 

78 

40 

618 

306 

491 
67 
119 
201 
104 

Mathe- 
matics 

Latin 

B 

2,937 
848 
738 
268 
31 
466 
105 
105 
59 
201 

lie 

579 
133 
233 
103 
110 

656 
83 

263 
80 

148 
82 

334 
65 
65 
26 
19 
14 

104 
41 

486 
200 
156 
130 

2,697 
787 
168 
148 
116 
435 
113 
26 
436 
449 

29 

1,544 

362 

76 

86 

44 

590 

386 

372 
62 
81 

1.36 
93 

G 

3,071 
709 
837 
293 

46 
544 
109 
116 

61 
195 

161 

601 
163 
212 
119 
107 

676 
93 

261 
97 

158 
67 

364 
70 
78 
28 
26 
10 

118 
34 

521 
229 
150 
142 

2,569 
831 
141 
157 
127 
382 
116 
24 
387 
378 

26 

1,533 
357 

60 

78 

40 

621 

377 

362 
55 
80 
127 
100 

B 

G 

B 

G 

6,748 
269 
345 
583 
159 
676 
224 
210 
195 
357 
615 
639 
358 
420 
245 
362 
331 
596 
69 
95 

508 
113 
143 
80 
172 

574 
121 
186 

75 
125 

67 

684 
140 
160 
53 
40 
10 
198 
83 

671 
342 
118 
211 

2,474 
199 
161 
158 
l65 
392 
156 

63 
387 
380 
359 

54 

1,202 
119 
52 
56 
29 
621 
325 

692 
109 
122 
227 
234 

B        G 

259     256 
72        75 

102      122 
54       37 

31        22 

44        44 

8         9 

36       35 

13        14 

13      ii 

25       32 

12  30 

13  2 

83     230 

17  59 

4  13 
10       31 

18  51 

8  39 

19  23 
7        14 

130      185 
40       62 

66       95 
24       28 

27       32 

5  3 
13        18 

9  ii 

8,860 
709 
837 
754 
266 

1,055 
286 
286 
264 
479 
615 
639 
358 
430 
245 
362 
386 
725 
69 
95 

680 
165 
212 
119 

184 

764 
173 
265 

97 
162 

67 

804 
175 
197 
65 
51 
10 
214 
92 

829 
414 
150 
265 

3 ,537 
831 
259 
269 
220 
471 
226 

63 
387 
378 
359 

74 

1,533 

357 

60 

78 

40 

621 

377 

911 

149 
169 
306 

287 

2,712 
770 
681 
200 

31 
451 
101 
105 

59 
198 

m 

575 
133 
230 
102 
110 

656 
83 
263 

80 
148 
82 

333 
65 
64 
26 
19 
14 

104 
41 

479 
193 
156 
130 

2,408 
504 
149 
155 
116 
431 
113 
26 
436 
449 

29 

1,438 

328 

76 

86 

44 

525 

379 

361 
60 
81 

127 
93 

2,629 
522 
728 
208 

46 
533 

99 
110 

54 
169 

160 

577 
163 
189 
118 
107 

675 
92 
261 

97 
158 
67 

361 
67 

78 
28 
26 
10 
118 
34 

502 
211 
150 
141 

2 ,382 
662 
141 
146 
127 
376 
115 
24 
387 
378 

26 

1  ,453 

306 

60 

78 

40 

529 

440 

363 
55 
80 
128 
100 

4,037 
538 
540 
317 
124 
507 
127 
193 
115 
227 
203 
202 
110 
131 
67 
93 
167 
270 

106 

504 
93 

187 
84 
140 

682 
151 
239 

79 
140 

73 

751 
153 
169 
50 
35 
14 
214 
116 

677 
326 
119 
232 

2,859 
567 
242 
245 
182 
483 
196 

51 
428 
280 
103 

82 

1,376 

236 

67 

86 

44 

590 

353 

524 
84 
117 
198 
125 

7,445 
367 
535 
686 
177 
873 
266 
251 
205 
424 
663 
588 
338 
499 
230 
388 
311 
479 
59 
106 

513 
98 

164 
73 

178 

666 
137 
238 

74 
1.35 

82 

716 
133 
168 
48 
35 
14 
215 
103 

650 
318 
117 
215 

2,753 
245 
174 
175 
176 
476 
148 

51 
436 
455 
338 

79 

1,214 

138 

60 

66 

35 

590 

325 

767 
126 
125 
232 
284 

7      Surrattsville  Sr  -Jr.                

9      Gwynn  Park  Sr.-Jr 

10      Oxon  Hill  Sr.-Jr 

15      Glenridge  Jr.                    

16      Greenbelt  Jr.                   

18      Fairmont  Heights  Colored  Sr.-Jr 

22      Sudlersville  Sr.-Jr.             

23      Centreviile  Sr.-Jr.              

28      Great  Mills  Sr.-Jr 

30      Banneker  Colored  Sr.-Jr.            

33  Washington  Sr.-Jr 

34  Crisfield  Sr.-Jr.               

36      Deal  Island  Sr.-Jr 

37      Ewell  Jr 

39      Woodson  Colored  Sr.-Jr 

40  TALBOT                                  

41      Easton  Sr.-Jr.          

42      St.  Michaels  Sr.-Jr 

43      Moton  Colored  Sr.-Jr 

52  South  Potomac  Jr 

53  Woodland  Way  Jr 

55      North  Street  Colored  Sr.-Jr. 

56  Wicomico              

58  Mardela  Sr.-Jr 

59  Pittsville  Sr.-Jr 

60      Hebron  Sr.-Jr. 

65      Snow  Hill  Sr.-Jr 

66      Stephen  Decatur  Sr.-Jr. 

67      Worcester  Colored  Sr.-Jr.    

/ 

*  Includes  the  following  number  of  girls 
mont  Sr.-.Jr. — 1;  Howard,  Howard  County  i 

t  Includes  the  following  number  of  boys  an 
Kenwood  Sr.— 17  boys,  9  girls;  Dorchester,  Ca 
8  girls;  Montgomery,  Blair  Sr.— 40  boys,  23 
Suitland  Sr.-Jr.— 10  boys,  13  girls. 

aking 
■ir.-Jr.- 
i  girls 
mbrid 
girls; 

Vocat 
-2;  W 

taking 
;e  Sr.- 
Richa 

onal 
ashin 

Divf 
-16  b 
rd  N 

Agricul 
gton,  S 
rsified  ( 
oys;  M( 
ontgom 

ture: 
mithsb 
)ccupa 
)ntgom 
ery  Sr 

Freder 
urg  Sr 
tions: 
ery,  B 
-Jr.- 

ick,  E 
.-Jr.— 
Balti 
ethesd 
11  bo> 

mmits 
1. 

more, 
i-Chev 
s,  11 

Durg  S 

)unda 
y  Cha 
girls; 

r.-Jr.- 

Ik  Sr.- 
se  Sr.- 
■"rince 

-1;  Th 

-22  bo 
-21  be 
Georg 

ur- 

ys; 
ys, 
e's, 

■; 
1 

Maryland  State  Department  of  Education 
County  Public  High  School :     Year  Ending  June  30,  1955 


261 


Agri- 

Homt 

culture 

Industrial 

Econom 

ics 

French 

Business 
Subjects 

Physical 
Education 

Music 

Art-Arts 

Spanish 

. 

n 

° 

and  Crafts 

Gen. 

Voc. 

Arts 

Edu. 

Gen. 

Voc. 

B 

G 

B    G    B 

B 

B 

G 

B 

B 

G 

G 

B 

G 

B 

G 

B 

G 

B 

G 

1 

269 

266 

481   366   78 

165 

5,897 

t   462 

28 

5,456 

848 

781 

2,579 

7.462 

7,061 

4 .399 

4,655 

4.510 

4.094 

2 

22 

35 

108   68 

214 

!   334 

64 

228 

111 

687 

418 

361 

83 

109 

143 

72 

3 

42 

51 

161    78 

401 

I 

33 

209 

123 

508 

460 

407 

85 

158 

58 

74 

4 

67 

50 

31    7    .. 

151 

475 

120 

54 

179 

694 

668 

259 

257 

416 

393 

5 

21    28 

59 

147 

134 

67 

121 

255 

225 

126 

148 

114 

98 

6 

29 

30 

65   40 

742 

23 

554 

103 

178 

467 

831 

705 

448 

446 

566 

481 

7 

42 

39 

165 

io 

192 

43 

69 

247 

232 

153 

152 

113 

i   49 

8 

33 

34 

20   23 

128 

142 

42 

83 

248 

195 

205 

236 

172 

189 

9 

19 

7 

44 

162 

174 

14 

17 

110 

238 

229 

127 

133 

106 

102 

10 

15 

20 

50   59 

401 

265 

64 

121 

123 

443 

379 

232 

231 

36 

47 

11 

663 

615 

663 

615 

663 

615 

663 

615 

12 

588 

639 

569 

597 

360 

409 

395 

422 

13 

338 

358 

338 

358 

165 

196 

267 

285 

14 

499 

420 

497 

423 

282 

340 

397 

218 

15 

230 

245 

217 

232 

145 

156 

146 

147 

16 

388 

362 

388 

362 

229 

208 

273 

242 

17 

15   31    78 

62 

146 

236 

82 

5 

52 

311 

302 

258 

265 

178 

161 

18 

10   32 

428 

105 

18 

453 

28 

20 

180 

480 

607 

414 

432 

408 

430 

19 

59 

69 

59 

69 

59 

69 

20 

106 

95 

106 

95 

106 

95 

21 

40 

73 

15   26 

186 

522 

{ 

8 

464 

54 

69 

188 

635 

645 

459 

448 

50 

48 

22 

11 

26 

43 

117 

'. 

8 

116 

12 

50 

133 

160 

87 

102 

23 

16 

15 

15   26 

73 

187 

'i 

139 

i6 

25 

95 

230 

210 

180 

162 

50 

48 

24 

2 

8 

91 

92 

32 

43 

80 

91 

25 

11 

24 

70 

127 

117 

38 

192 

184 

192 

184 

26 

11 

9 

36 

140 

58 

422 

62 

68 

205 

725 

473 

568 

565 

155 

138 

27 

76 

112 

22 

86 

163 

153 

101 

119 

28 

11 

9 

121 

32 

83 

253 

170 

135 

131 

HI 

29 

97 

6 

22 

79 

95 

80 

97 

30 

'.'.                  36 

64 

[ ' 

65 

49 

8 

14 

148 

158 

135 

147 

31 

58 

27 

13 

82 

67 

82 

67 

24 

27 

32 

20 

36 

43 

33 

222 

488 

120 

181 

756 

738 

450 

421 

14 

10 

33 

12 

16 

43 

33 

92 

28 

56 

169 

172 

.. 

34 

5 

14 

186 

61 

93 

185 

197 

161 

161 

35 

3 

6 

31 

32 

57 

64 

24 

26 

36 

19 

25 

37 

14 

io 

38 

106 

lis 

229 

213 

157 

134 

39 

116 

92 

116 

02 

89 

75 

40 

31 

51 

108 

528 

495 

38 

105 

182 

581 

627 

460 

537 

60 

67 

41 

14 

17 

61 

235 

250 

70 

112 

283 

297 

191 

236 

42 

15 

18 

119 

88 

29 

41 

113 

88 

92 

88 

60 

67 

43 

2 

16 

47 

174 

157 

38 

6 

29 

185 

242 

177 

213 

44 

81 

136 

49   101    40 

304 

2,533 

66 

331 

2,225 

219 

334 

1,017 

3,249 

2.860 

2.531 

2,779 

1.147 

1,108 

45 

49 

65 

49   101 

58 

245 

2 

331 

231 

72 

175 

688 

532 

463 

132 

367 

63 

52 

46 

2 

5 

69 

127 

121 

26 

82 

254 

241 

206 

231 

47 

5 

12 

18 

86 

4 

93 

53 

61 

234 

215 

205 

228 

131 

128 

48 

5 

20 

173 

142 

32 

57 

58 

177 

160 

135 

152 

49 

12 

17 

95 

399 

316 

69 

10 

55 

516 

336 

368 

364 

50 

3 

9 

40 

38 

175 

59 

71 

46 

10 

49 

188 

194 

129 

176 

51 

26 

25 

63 

51 

63 

51 

63 

52 

436 

387 

436 

387 

436 

387 

394 

367 

53 

449 

378 

441 

374 

449 

378 

309 

275 

54 

336 

350 

338 

359 

338 

359 

197 

238 

55 

5 

8 

82 

1 

73 

3 

24 

82 

68 

82 

74 

53 

48 

56 

33 

28 

141 

1,106 

1,004 

196 

350 

1,197 

1,122 

939 

1,052 

653 

716 

57 

28 

20 

50 

143 

45 

137 

268 

123 

90 

61 

101 

49 

59 

58 

5 

8 

76 

60 

15 

8 

76 

60 

76 

60 

59 

53 

49 

12 

11 

86 

78 

74 

67 

33 

29 

60 

5 

11 

44 

40 

44 

40 

44 

40 

61 

26 

477 

516 

494 

510 

490 

537 

451 

528 

62 

65 

357 

334 

27 

52 

374 

344 

270 

307 

63 

28   50   111 

99 

698 

638 

32 

201 

224 

917 

804 

692 

670 

13 

8 

64 

9   10 

119 

106 

32 

44 

140 

130 

97 

96 

65 

53 

116 

121 

34 

52 

158 

153 

91 

83 

66 

19   40   58 

239 

203 

94 

88 

277 

235 

169 

207 

13 

8 

67 

53 

46 

224 

208 

32 

41 

40 

342 

286 

335 

284 

■ 

t  Includes  the  following  number  of  girls  taking  Industrial  Education:  Montgomery,  Wheaton  Sr.-Jr. — 28;  Carver, 
Colored  Sr.— 62. 

°  Includes  the  following  number  of  boys  taking  Vocational  Home  Economics:  Anne  Arundel,  Bates  Colored  Sr.-Jr. — H: 
Howard,  Harriet  Tubman  Colored  Sr.-Jr. — 2. 


INDEX 


Academic    course,    each   high   school,    250-255 
Accreditation    and    certification,    34-40 
Administration 

Cost  per  pupil,   150-151 

Expenditures,   236 

Per  cent  for,   148-149 

Superintendents,  2,  5-10,   231,   236 
Adult   education,    170,    174-175,   239 
Agriculture 

Adult    education,    169,    174-176 

Enrollment,   96-97,   107 

Each  high  school,  256-261 

Failures   and  withdrawals,   117 

Federal   aid,   169-174 

Schools   offering,   98,   256-261 

State    supervision,    2 

Teachers,    98 
Aid    from    State    and/or    Federal    funds 

Counties  and  Baltimore  City,  distribution 
by  type  of  fund,  144-147,  211,  232-233, 
249 

State  teachers  colleges,  200-201,  211,  213 

Vofational  education,  169-170,  174,  211, 
233 

Vocational   rehabilitation,   207,   211 
Appropriations 

County,   144-147,    186-187,    211,    234 

State,    144-147,    211,   234 
Art,  high  school 

Enrollment,   96-97,  108 

Each  high  school,  256-261 

Schools   offering,   98,   256-261 

Teachers,    98 
Assessable   basis,    188-190 
Attendance 

Aggregate  days   of,   228 

Average   daily,    227 

Each  high  school,  250-255 

Per   cent   of,   229 

Summer   school   pupils,    204 

Teachers  at  summer  school,  119 

Workers    (see   Pupil   personnel) 
Atypical   children,   74 
Auxiliary  agencies    (see  Other  school  services) 

B 

Bands,   orchestras,   glee  clubs,   110 
Basic   aid    per   classroom   unit,   211,   232 
Belonging,  average  number,  226 
Each   high   school,    250-255 
Per    teacher,    79 
Birth   rates,   75-77 

Board    of    Education,    State,    2,    211-212 
Boards    of    Education,    County,    5-10 
Bonds   outstanding,  school,   182 
Books  and   instructional  materials 
Cost  per  pupil 

Elementary,   152-154 
High,   155-157 
Expenditures 

All  schools,   237 
Elementary,  243-245 
High,    246-248 
Per   cent   of   current  expense   budget,   148- 
149 
Boys  and  girls 
Enrollment 

Nonpublic,   220-221 
Public,    218-219 
Graduates,   high  school,   88-95,   250-255 
Budget(s) 

Baltimore     City,     county,     local,     144-147, 

186-187 
State   public   school,   211 
State   teachers   colleges,   211,   213 
Buildings 

Cost    (see   Capital   outlay) 


B — (Continued) 

Number   of,    141-142,   217 
Value  of  school,  per  pupil,   183-184 
Business   education 
Adult,    175-177 
Enrollment,    96-97,    109,    160-173,    175,    177 

Each  high  school,  256-261 
Failures   and   withdrawals,   116 
Schools  offering,  98,  256-261 
Teachers,    98 


Capital   outlay,   school,    149 

By   site,   building,   equipment,   242 
Certificates  held  by  county  teachers,   120-124 
Certification  and  accreditation,   34-40 
Classes 

Evening    school,    175-177 
Size  of,   79 

Special  for  handicapped,   72-73 
Summer   school,    Baltimore    City,    204 
Clerks,   county  schools,   231 
Colleges 

High   school    graduates 

of   1954   entering,   90-95 
of    1955    entering    State    teachers    col- 
leges,  89,    250-255 
Junior,   196,   198-199 
State    teachers,    5,    194-198,    200-201,    211, 

213-216 
Training    teachers    appointed    in    Maryland 
counties,   118 
Commercial    (see   Business    education) 
Consolidation 

Decrease   in    one-teacher    schools.    139 
Transportation   of   pupils,    164-168 
Construction   accounts.   State  teachers  colleges, 

214-216 
Core  program,  high  school 
Enrollment,    96-97 

Each   high   school,    256-261 
Schools   offering,   98,   256-261 
Teachers,  98 
Cost  per  pupil 

Administration,    150-151 

Analyzed  for  elementary  and  high,  152-157 
By   type  of  school,    151 
Transported,    164,    167 
Costs    (see    Expenditures) 
County  superintendents,   directors,  supervisors, 

5-10 
Courses   in   individual  high   schools,   250-255 
Crippled  children,   services  for,  72-74 
Current  expenses 

Cost  per  pupil,   150-157 
Expenditures 

All  schools,  235 

By  source  of  funds,  146-147 
By    type   of   school,    243-248 

D 

Dates,    opening    and    closing    of    schools,    66 
Days  in  session,  66-67,  229 
Debt   service 

1954-55,    183,    186-187,    241 

Tax   rate  for,   185 
Disbursements    (see  Expenditures) 
Distributive  education,   169-173 
Driver  education  and   training,  high  school 

Enrollment,    111 

Schools   offering,   98 

Teachers,    98 

E 

Elementary   schools,   supervision,    143,    231 
Emergency  certificates,  120-124 
Employment  of  high  school  graduates,  90-95 


262 


Index 


263 


E— (Continued) 


English,    high   school 

Enrollment,  96,  97,  99 

Each  high  school,  256-261 
Failures   and    withdrawals,    116-117 
Schools   ofTering,   98,   256-261 
Teachers,    98 
Enrollment 

Adult.    175,    177 

Atypical    children,    74 

Elementary,    68,    69-71,    80-85,    218-225 

Grade  or  year,  80-85 

High   school 

Course,   each   school,    250-255 
Growth    in,    162-163 
Subjects,  96-97,  99-109,  111 

Each  school,  256-261 
Year,    81-85 

Each   school,    250-255 
Increase   in,    69-71 
Nonpublic,    private    and    parochial,     68-71, 

220-225 
Number   different   pupils,    69-71.    218-219 
Public,   68-71,    80-85,   218-219 
State   teachers   colleges,    196-198 
Subjects,    96-97,    99-109,    111 

Each   school,    256-261 
Summary,   68-71 

Summer  schools,   Baltimore  City,   204 
Equalization   fund,    146-147,   2.32 
Equivalence  examinations,   205 
Evening  schools   and   courses 
Enrollment,    175,    177 
Expenditures,   169-170.   174,  239 
Expenditures,    235-249 

(see  also  Administration,   Instruction.   Op- 
eration,    Maintenance,     Fixed     charges, 
Other   school    services.    Payments    to   ad- 
joining counties.  Current  expenses.  Debt 
service.    Capital    outlay) 
Elementary  schools.   243-245 
Evening  schools,   169-170,   174,  239 
Health,  239 
High    schools,    246-248 
Libraries.  237 
Rehabilitation,    207.    212 
Salaries 

All    schools,    237 
Elementary,    243-245 
High,    162-163,   246-248 
Vocational,   169-174 
State    teachers    colleges,    200-201,    211.    213 
Total,   by   major  classifications,   211,   235 
Transportation,    164.    166-167,    239 
Vocational.    Federal,    169-174,    233 


Failures   (see  Nonpromotions) 
Fall   enrollment.   68,    80-85 
Federal  aid 

Vocational   education,    169-177.   211.   233 
Administration  and  supervision,   169 
Salaries  of  teachers,   169-174 
Fees    in    State   teachers    colleges,    200-201,    211, 

213 
Financial   statements 

State  public   schools,   211,   232-249 
State  teachers  colleges,   211,   213-216 
First  grade  nonpromotions,   87 
Fixed  charges,   148-149,   240 
French,  high  school 

Enrollment.    96-97,    106 

Each   high   school,    256-261 
Failures   and   withdrawals,   116 
Schools   offering,   98,   256-261 
Teachers,   98 

G 

(ilee    clubs,    bands,    orchestras,    110 
Grade  enrollment,   80-85 
Graduates 

High   school,   88-95 


G — (Continued) 

Entering    State    teachers    colleges,    87, 

91-92,    94-95 
From   each   school,   250-255 
Occupations  of,   90-95 
State   teachers   colleges,    194-195 
Guidance,   teachers  of,   98 

H 

Handicapped   children 

Expenditures,  72,   211 

Home  instruction,  72,  218-219 

Hospital   schools.    72.    218-219 

Institutions   for.   72.   74 

Opportunities  for  education  of,  72-74 

Receipts   from   State  for,   72,   211,   232 

Transportation    of,    72 
Health  expenditures,   all   schools,   239 
Hearing,  conservation  of.  72-74 
High  school  equivalence  examinations.  205 
High  schools 

Aid    for.   232 

Disbursements.   232,   246-248 

Individual,   250-255.   256-261 

Supervision,    143,   231 
Home   economics 

Adult,    169-170,    175-177 

Enrollment.  96-97.   107 

Each   high   school.   256-261 

Federal   aid,    169-174 

Schools    offering,    98,    256-261 

Teachers,    98 
Home  instruction  of  pupils,  72,  218-219 
Hospital    instruction   of   pupils,    72,    218-219 

I 

Income   payments,   per   capita,   192-193 
Income  tax.   per  capita.   191 
Incorporated   towns,   levy  for,   186-187 
Industrial   arts    (see  Trades  and   industries) 
Instruction,   division   of,   41-50 
Cost   per  pupil,   152-157 
Expenditures,    243-248 

Salaries,   supervision,    books,    etc..    237 
State   teachers   colleges,   200-201 
Per   cent   of   current  expense   budget,    148- 
149 
Inventories,   State  teachers  colleges.   201 

J 

Janitors,    repair,   utility   men. 
Junior  colleges.   196.   198-199 


231 


Kindergartens. 
Nonpublic. 


K 

81.    83-85 
220-225 


Languages    (see  English.   French,   etc.) 

Latin    (see   French) 

Legislation.   13-19 

Length  of  session.   66-67.   229 

Letter  of  transmittal,   12 

Levies,   county,    186-187 

Librarians,   county,   4-5 

Expenditures,   209-210,   237 

Public,    4-5,    209 

School.   210 
Library   extension,    51-56,   208-210 
Lip    reading   classes,    73,    177 
Lunch  program,  school,  178-179,  233.  239 

M 

Maintenance 

Cost  per  pupil,   152-157 
Expenditures,   238,  243-248 
Per  cent  of  current  expense  budget,   148- 
149 


264 


Index 


M — (Continued) 

Materials    of    instruction     (see    Books    and    in- 
structional  materials) 
Mathematics,   high  school 

Enrollment,   96-97,   104-105 

Each   high   school,   256-261 

Failures    and    withdrawals,    116-117 

Schools   offering,   98,   256-261 

Teachers,    98 
Medical   examinations,    232 
Men   teachers,    140,   230 
Mentally   handicapped   children,    73 
Milk    program,   school,    180,    233,    239 
Minimum    program.    State,    249 
Minutes,    State   Board,   20-33 
Music,   high  school 

Enrollment,    96-97,    108 

Each   high   school,    256-261 

Orchestras,  bands,  glee  clubs,   110 

Schools   offering,   98,   256-261 

Teachers,    98 

N 
Night     schools     (see     Evening     schools,     Adult 

education) 
Nonpromotions 

Elementary,   86-87 

First    grade,    87 

Subject,  high  schools,   112-117 
Each    subject,    116-117 
One   or   more   subjects,    112-115 
Number    belonging,    226 

Each  high  school,  250-255 

Per   teacher,   79 
Number  different  pupils,   69-71,  218-219 
Number   of   schools 

For   atypical   children,   74 

Having  one  teacher,   138-139,  217 

Nonpublic,   68,   220-225 

Public,   68,   217 

Elementary,   138-139,   141,   217 

High,   142,  217 

o 

Occupations  of  high  school   graduates,   90-95 
One-teacher  schools 

Decrease   in,   139 

Number   belonging    in,    138 

Number  of,    138,   217 
Operation 

Cost    per    pupil,    152-157 

Expenditures,    238,    243-248 

Per   cent   current   expense   budget,    148-149 
Orchestras,    bands,    glee   clubs,    110 
Other  school  services 

Cost  per  pupil,   152-157 

Expenditures,   239,   243-248 

Per   cent   of   current   expense   budget,    148- 
149 


Parent-teacher    associations,    203 

Parochial  and  private  schools,  68-71,  220-225 

Part-payment   of   salaries,    232 

Payments    to   adjoining   counties,    148-149 

Pensions   (see  Retirement  system  for  teachers) 

Physical   education   and   health,    239 

Physical  education  and  recreation,  high  school 

Appropriations   for,    211 

Enrollment,    96-97,    108 

Each  high  school,  256-261 

Schools  offering,  98,  256-261 

Teachers,    98 
Physical    examinations    (see    Medical    examina- 
tions) 
Physically   handicapped   children,    72-74 
Preparation,   teachers,    125-127 
Presidents  of  State  teachers  colleges,  5 
Professional   and   clerical   staffs,   county,   231 
Private  and  parochial  schools,  68-71,  220-225 
Property,    valuation   of 


P — (Continued) 


Counties  and   Baltimore  City,   188-189 
School,   183-184 
Psychology    (see  Social   studies) 
Pupil  personnel,   5-10 

Supervisors   of,    143,   231 
Salaries,   239 
Pupils 

Atypical,   74 

Nonpublic,   68-71,   220-225 

One-teacher   schools,    138-139 

Per    teacher,    79 

Public  school 

Enrollment,   68-71,   218-219 
Number  attending,  227 
Number  belonging,  226 
Per  cent  of  attendance,  229 
Transported,    164-165 

R 

Receipts  from 

All    sources,    234 
Federal  government,   233 
Evening    schools,    174 
Teachers'   salaries,    169-174 
Vocational    education,    169-174 
State,    232 

Distributed   by   type   of   fund,    144-145, 

211,  232 
Evening  schools,   174 
Total   and   per   cent.    144-145 
Teachers  colleges,  200-201,  211,  213 
Rehabilitation,    vocational,    3-4,    63-65,    206-207, 

211-212 
Repair,   utility   men,   janitors,    231 
Resignations,    teachers,    128-129 
Retarded   children,   program   for,   72-74 
Retirement  system   for  teachers,   202,  211 


Growth  of  high  school,   162-163 
Per   cent   of   school    budget,    148-149 
Superintendents',  236 
Supervisors',   237 

Pupil    personnel,    239 
Teachers' 

Average   per   teacher,    158-161 
Cost  per  pupil,   152-157 
Supplementary  payments,   232 
Total 

Elementary,   243-245 
High,    162-163,   246-248 
Vocational,    169-174 
School    lunch   program,    178-179,    233,    239 
School  milk  program,   180,  233,  239 
Schools 

For  atypical  children,  74 
Number  of,  68,   138-139,   141-142,  217,  220- 
225 
Science,   high   school 

Enrollment,    96-97,    102-103 

Each  high  school,  256-261 
Failures  and  withdrawals,   116-117 
Schools   offering,   98,   256-261 
Teachers,    98 
Session,    length   of,    66-67,    229 
Sex  of  teachers,   140,   230 
Sight   conservation    classes,    73 
Size    of 

Classes,  79 
Schools 

Each  high  school,  250-255 
Elementary,    138-139,    141 
High,   142 
Teaching    staff,    68,    138-139,    230 
Social  studies,   high  school 

Enrollment,   96-97,   100-101 

Each   high   school,    256-261 
Failures  and  withdrawals.   116-117 
Schools   offering,   98,   256-261 
Teachers,  98 


Index 


265 


S — (Continued) 

Spanish    (see   French) 

Special  classes  for  handicapped,   72-74 

Special  high  school  teachers,  98 

State 

Aid  to  schools,   144-147 

Minimum  program,  249 
Showing    various    funds,    211,    232 
Board   of  Education,   2,   211 

Excerpts  from   minutes   of,   20-33 
Department  of  Education,  2-4 
Income   taxes,    191 
Public  school   budget,   211-213 
Teachers  colleges,  5,   89,   91-92,  94-95,   194- 

198,    200-201,    211,    250-255 
Teachers'  retirement  system,  5,  202,  211 
Stenography,    typing,    bookkeeping    (see    Busi- 
ness  education ) 
Subjects   studied   in   high   schools,   96-111 

Each   high   school,    256-261 
Summer  school   attendance 
County   teachers,    119 
Pupils,    Baltimore    City,    204 
Superintendents,    2,    5-10,    231 
Supervisors,    supervision 

Cost   per  pupil,   152-157 
Cost,   salaries,   expenses,   237 

By  type  of  school,   243-248 
Names   of,   2-4,   5-10 
Number    of,    142,    231 
Per  cent   of   current   expense   budget,    148- 

149 
Salaries  of,  237,  243-248 
State,   2-4 


T— (Continued) 

Salaries 

Average,   158-161 
Growth  in  high  school,   162-163 
Supplementary  payments,  232 
Sex   of,    140,   230 
Special   subjects,   high  school,   98 
Summary,     elementary     and     high,     public 

and   nonpublic,   68 
Summer  school   attendance,    119 
Training     institutions,      194-198,      200-201, 

211,  213 
Turnover   of,    128-137 
Teachers'    retirement    system 

Financial  statements,   202,   211 
Staff,   5 

Teachers'    contributions    to,    202 
Trades  and  industries   (Industrial  arts) 
Adult,    169-170,    175,    177 
Enrollment,   96,    97,    107,    171-173 

Each  high  school,  256-261 
Federal  aid,   169-174 
Schools  offering,   98,   256-261 
Teachers,   98 
Training  centers.   State  teachers   colleges,    196- 

197 
Transmittal,  letter  of,   12 
Transportation   of   pupils,    164-168,    239 

Cost,  total  and  per  pupil.  164.  166-167.  239 
Per   cent   transported,    164-165 
Physically  handicapped,  72 
Tuition  charges.   State  teachers  colleges.   200 
Turnover   in    teaching   staff,    128-137 


Taxable    basis,    188-190 

Tax   dollar,   distribution   of  school,    148-149 

Tax    rates,   county,    185 

Teacher(s) 

Academic,  high  school,  98 

Average  salary,    158-161 

Certification,    34-40,    120-124 

Colleges.   5.   89,   91-92,   94-95,    194-198,   200- 

201,    211,    213,   250-255 
Growth    in    number,    162-163 
Number  of,   230 

For  each   high   school   subject,   98 
In   each  high  school,   250-255 
In  schools  of  each  type 
Atypical,  74 
Nonpublic,    68,    220-225 
Public,    68,    230 

Summer    schools,    Baltimore    City, 
204 
Of  atypical   children,   74 
Preparation,    125-127 
Pupils  per.  79 
Resignations,    128-129 


Value  of 

Assessable  property.    188-190 
School  property,  183-184 
Vocational    education,    169-177,    211,    233 
Division    of,    57-62 
Enrollment 

Day  schools,   96,  97,  107,   171-173,  256- 

261 
Evening   schools.    174-177 
Federal   aid,   169-173,  211,  233 
State  aid,   211 
Vocational    rehabilitation,    3-4,    63-65,    206-207, 
211-212 

w 

Wealth    back    of   each    pupil,    190 
Withdrawals   of    pupils 

Elementary,    78 

High.   78.    116-117 
Withdrawals   of   teachers.    128-129 


Year,   length   of  session.   66-67,   229 


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