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ANNUAL REPORT 



i« 



or THI 



SUPERINTENDENT 



OF 



) 



PUBLIC mSTRUCTION 



01 THX 



STATE OF WISOOIfSIN, 



rOB THS 



School Tear ending AugtMi 31,0.869. 



A. J. OEAIG, 

8UPBBINTBNDBNT OP PUBLIC INSTRUCTION. 



^_ » « > • » • • • " ' • ' • 

• ~ 1 • * r • • •• • • , • 

,-••• •••• ••• • 

... •• •• • •* 



• -•• ••••,• >l 

. •••_• * , ■> 
« •••• •••• >> 

• • • • » • » 



MADISON, Wife.:::;;-:.; :,\ 

▲TVOOD * BXTBUnS, STATS PItIHTBBS^*«K>ClfirAl'BL0C2; 

1869. . 



A 



[the new YORKJ 

PUIJLICLIBRARy 

A«TOR, UEMOX AMD 
TILDE N FOUNOATIOMl. 

189a 






• _• 



« • 



• 4 • • 
- ••• - 

• •. • • • 

• • • •• •• 



• • < 



• •••••• 



• • » • 






ANNUAL REPORT 

or TBI 

SUPERINTENDENT 

OF 

PUBLIC INSTRUCTION. 



OVFIOI Of THS SUPIRINTSMDSNT OF PUBLIO InSTRUOTIOK. 

Madison, December 10» 1S69. 

To the Legislature of Wiscomin : 

Gbntlbmbn : The past year has been one of progress in the 
«dnoational work. Our schools ha^e been liberally sustained, and, 
in the main, well attended. The teaching has generally been of a 
better quality, and a wider range of studies has been pursued. 
Full details of the condition of the schools in the various ocuntios 
and towns of the state will bo found in the tables given in the ap* 
pendix, but an abstract of the more important facts is here pre* 
sen ted for your consideration. 

I. — SCHOOL DISTBIOTS. 

Owing to the &ct that there is a large number of joint districts— 
that is, districts comprising parts of two, three and sometimes four 
towns — it is difficult to ascertain definitely the exact number of or- 
ganiied districts. The number of whole (not joint) districts is 
8,863. The number of parts of joint districts is 1,962. Esti- 
mating two and one quarter parts to each joint district, the number 



of eomplete distriote formed of those pftrta is 872, whteb, added to 
8,868» gives 4,735 as the whole Dumber of districts in the state. 
Estimating in the same manner, the number of districts which hare 
made an annual report is 4,651, 84 less than the whole number or- 
ganised. The number of districts returned last year is 4,728, only 
seven less than the number reported this year. Now, as a great 
many new districts have been formed, it is certain that the process 
of consolidation has been extensively carried on, or gross mistakes 
have been made by the reporting officers. For instance, last year 
Bacine county returned 107 whole districts, this year only 55 are 
given ; last year Monroe county gave 128, this year only 83 are re- 
ported. It is not probable that there has been any such change in 
the number of districts in the above-named counties during the 
past year, and the conclusion is forced that the returns for one or * 
both years are incorrect. 

» 

II.-— OHILORBN OTBR FOUR AHD UNDER TWBNTT YBARS OF AOB. 

The number of persons returned as over four and under twenty 
years of age is 398,747 ; 12.117 more than were returned for 1868. 

I am credibly informed that in some cities no census of school 
children is taken, but the number residing therein is estimated, and 
returns are made from such estimates. It will not be necessary to 
urge that so gross a violation of law should not be permitted. The 
statute should be rigidly enforoed, and any defects in its provisions 
should be remedied without delay, as any incorrectness in the re- 
port of the number of children entitled to draw public moneys, 
wbrks an injustice, either to the locality making the return, or to 
other portions of the state. 

III. — NUMBISB OF OHILDRBN OF SOHOOL AGB IN DISTRIOTS MAINTAIN- 
ING BOHOOL FIVE OR MOBB MONTHS. 

The number reported is 394,837, over 2(T,000 more than were re- 
turned last year. 

IV. — TOTAL NUMBER OF FERSONS ATTENDING THE PUBLIC S0HOOL8. 

The number given under the above heading is 264.033. Of this 
number 698 were under four years of age, and 1,540 were over 
twenty years. 



The ayerage length of time schoolf were maintained is 151 days. 

The following tahle shows ^ (1), the total number of children in 
the state over four and under twenty years of age; (2), the total 
ttumher who have attended the public schools some portion of the 
year ; (3), the per cent, of attendance as compared with the whole 
number of school age; and, (4), the averagenumber of days schools 
have been taught for each year siu'te the organisation of the state. 



TEAR. 



1849 . . 
1850.. 
1891.. 
1862.. 
1868.. 
1854.. 
1855.. 
1866.. 
1867.. 
1868.. 
1869.. 
I860.. 
1861.. 
1862.. 
1863.. 
1864.. 
1865.. 
18(i6.. 
1867.. 
1868.. 
1869. . 



.a «A 
t « 

fa 
Si 



5; o 

O 

S * 
3 •^* 

b c 

SB 



70 
92 
111 
124 
188 
155 
186 
218 
241 
263 
278 
288 
299 
308 
820 
329 
339 
862 
371 
886 
898 



,457 
,047 
,481 
,783 
,279 
,126 
,960 
,886 
,545 
,077 
,871 
,984 
,183 
,056 
,965 
,906 
,024 
,004 
,083 
,630 
,767 



.fig® 

*• • o 

S o 
*© a* 

3seo 

Eh 



82,147 
61 ,607 
78,944 
88,042 
97,886 
103,988 
122,462 
184,858 
153,618 
171,886 
188,477 
194,857 
198,448 
191,866 
215,163 
211,119 
228,067 
284,245 
289,945 
249,007 
264,088 



•8 g *» tS 
5.13 O g O 



Si 

2 is? 



45 

66 

70 

71 

69 

66 

64 

64 

60 

68 

64 

67 

66 

62 

67 

65 

66 

66| 

65 

64 

66 



^5 



71 
74 
74 
76 
75 
77 
84 
99 



122 

121 

18C 

182 

109 

120 

120i 

184i 

128 

187 

14H 

151 



The number repoiUd as attendiDg private schools is 15,889 

academies and colleges 2 ,974 

estimated in benevolent institutions 1 ,000 

attending public schools 264,088 

Total 288,896 



A number of private schools and academies are not reported, and 
it is probable that the whole number who have atttended school 
during some portion of the past year will not yary far from 290,000. 



6 

This leares over 100,000 person a beiwMB the ages of four and 
twenty years who have reeeiyod no instruotion. 

After making a liberal allowance for the number who hare 
previously attended school, and for those* who were so situ- 
ated that they could not attend, there will still remain more than 
50,000 youth who are growing up in ignoranoe. This is more than 
one-eighth of the whole school population, and about one-sixth of 
the number that could reasonably be expected to attend school. 
What would be thought of the parent who, having six children, 
should entirely neglect one of them, giving it no care, training or 
education ? Would he not be held to be inexcusably, criminally 
negligent of his sacred duty ? And would not his negligence be 
all the more criminal if the neglected one, of all his children, most 
needed care and oversight? Yet this is just what the state does. 
It taxes its citizens to sustain a system of public instruction, on 
the ground that it is necessary to the preservation and well being of 
republican government and free institutions that all the people shall 
be intelligent, and then entirely neglects one-sixth of the children, 
and permits them to grow up to citisenship utterly ignorant not 
only of the elementary principles of science and art, but also of the 
nature of the responsibilities which she thrusts upon them. Igno- 
rance is the parent of vice ; the opponent of progress ; ihe bane of 
jthe republic ; a destroying element in society ; the precursor of 
decay and death. Has society no power to protect itself? Has 
the government no right to live ? Shall the state continue to nurse 
in her bosom the viper which will some day sting her to death ? 

If these questions are not answered by the representatives of 
the people ; answered by the enactment of wise and just laws pro- 
viding for the education of all the children of the commonwealth, 
the future historian will answer them when he portrays the downfall 
of a once mighty nation which forgot its origin, derided its destiny, 
sold its birthright and ended ite career in shame and disgrace. 

V. — TSA0HBB8 AND TBAOHIBS' WAQIS. 

The number of teachers required to supply all the schools is 
5,517. The number of different persons actually employed during 
some portion of the year is 8,705, 



7* 

The aTorage wages of male teachers is (48 68, a slight gain 
from last year. The average wages of female teaohers is (28 84, 
a gain of (1 16 over 1868. 

The following table shows (1) the monthly wages of male teaoh- 
ers, (2) the monthly wages of female teachers, and (8) the ratio 
of the wages of female to the wages of male teaohers, for eadh 
year sinoe the organization of the state government. 



Year. 


Male. 


Female. 


Ratio 

per cent 


1849 '. . 


115 22 
17 14 

17 19 
15 83 

18 17 
18 76 

23 10 
25 88 

24 60 
2? 02 
22 98 

24 20 
28 01 

25 82 
27 11 
82 89 
86 45 
88 68 
40 76 
42 97 
48 68 


$6 92 
8 97 
8 86 

8 64 

9 94 

11 00 

12 08 

18 80 

15 16 
14 92 
14 29 

16 80 

14 62 

15 82 

16 81 

19 48 
22 24 
24 06 

26 84 

27 18 

28 84 


46 


I860 


52 


1851 


48 


1852 


64 


1868 


60 ' 


1864 


60 


1866 


62 


1866 


54 


18A7 


62 


1858 


66 


1859 


68 


I860 


68 


1861 


68 


1862 


61 


1868 


62 


1864 


60 


1866 


61 


1866 


62 


1867 


64 


1868 


68 


1869 


64 






i 









A correct idea of the salaries actually paid to teachers cannot 
be formed from an examination of statistical averages. An aver* 
age is not a mean between two extremes ; nor is it safe to conclude 
that the number of teachers receiving less, and the number receiv- 
ing more than the average, are equal. A very few large salaries 
will bring the^ average much above the sum actuaUy paid to a ma- 
jority of the teachers, and a fair average cannot be obtained until 
the wages of teachers of the graded schools are computed sepa- 
rately. The average wages of male teachers is 943.63 ; yet there 
is not, probably, a single graded school in the state which pays its 
prindpal teacher so small a sum. The year in the graded schools 
ranges from dght to ten months— a majority maintaining school for 



•8 

the iMt mentioned term — and the ealariee paid range from $SO0 ta 
f 2,000 per year. It is probable that the average salary of the 
principals of graded schools is not less than (1,000 per year. 
This giTes, for a year of ten months, (100 per month, or dividing 
the snm among all the calendar months, it amounts to (83. 33 per 
month. Again an average gives no idea of the limit of salary paid» 
in either direction, above or below the average. A earefvl 
examination of table No. 3 of the appendix proves this, and it is 
only by snoh careful examination that a correct idea can be formed 
in reference to teachers' wages. It is not in salaries only that the 
graded schools differ from the ungraded. Their organisation, courses 
of study and general management are different, and it is proposed 
to furnish separate blanks next year, for statistical returns from 
' such schools, that their true condition and their value as educa- 
tional agencies may be more definitely ascertained. 

VI. — TXACHSBS' OBSTiriOATIS. 

Licenses were granted during the past year to 7,289 applicants, 
as follows : 

l8t grade. 2d grade. 8d grade. Total 

Tomales : 90 188 2,009 2,287 

To females 60 144 4,8SS 6,062 

Total 140 282 6,867 7,289 

VII. — OBAPID SCHOOLS, 

The number of graded schools reported is 289, of which 178 have 
only two departments, and the remainder three or more. 

VIII.— SCHOOL HOUSIS. 

The whole number of school houses reported is 4,782, 96 more 
than were returned last year. Of these 545 are built of stone or 
brick, 931 are furnished with outline maps, and 1,131 have sites 
well inclosed. The highest valuation of anv one building is (65.- 
000. The total cash value of the whole number is (2,994, 492. 44; 
the value of sites is (392,553.93, and of apparatus (95,079.34, 
making the aggregate amount invested in houses, sites and appara- 
tus (8,482,125.71. 



9 

The anmber of papils that the houses will seat is 274,022^ aboat 
10,000 more tbaa were ia attendaaoe aDj part of the past year. 

Several fine baildings have been erected or completed during the 
year, additions have been made to others, and many have been re- 
paired and improved. The power given to oonnty snperintendents 
to condemn unsuitable structures, has been judiciously exercised in 
several instances, and the law giving them such power has been 
amply vindicated. 

Great improvements in architectural appearance and internal ar- 
rangement have been made in those buildings lately erected, com- 
pared with those built a few years since, but a large amount of 
money is still wasted, every year, for want of good plans, by those 
districts constructing new houses. It is suggested that authority 
be conferred upon the state superintendent to have a Acanual pre« 
pared containing plans, specifications and estimates for buildings 
adapted to the wants of our people, and which shall embody the 
latest improvements in arrangement, heating, ventilation, etc. 

The localities having buildings and sites valued at ^5,000 and 
upwards, are here given : 

« 

Oshkosh $65,000 

JanesTiUe 60 000 

Milwaukee KO ,000 

Kenosha 28,000 

Berlin 26,000 

Shullsburg 21,000 

Belavan * 20,000 

Geneva 20,000 

Madison 20,000 

Watertown • 19 , 000 

Green Bay 16,600 

PlatteviUe *. 16,600 

Elkhorn 16,000 

Menomonie 16,000 

Portage 16,000 

Sparta , 16,000 

Lake Mills.... » 16,600 

Decatur 16,000 

EvansTilIe 16,000 

Fort Atkinson 18,000 

J;aOroase 18,000 

Mazomaiiie 12 , 800 

Whitewater 11,600 

Appleton •. 11,000 

Wanpaca 11,000 

Waterloo ll,OoO 

Horicon 10 , 665 

ObippewaFalls 10,000 



10 

Keoedah |9,950 

Hazel Green 9 , 40O 

EaaOlaire 9,867 

Two Riyers 8,760 

Waukesha 8,600 

Mayville 8,000 

Menaatia 8,000 

Yiroqua 8,000 

BuflTalo 7,600 

Beaver Dam 7,600 

Fort Howard 7,600 

Potoai .* 7,175 

Clinton 7,000 

New Lisbon 7 , 000 

Reedsbaig 6,875 

Monroe 6, 750 

Waupun 6,800 

Burlington 6,276 

Fulton 6.000 

Trempealeau • ' 6 ,000 

Sun Prsirie 6,600 

riymouth 5 , 100 

Port Washington 6,000 



IX. — BK01IPT8 AND XXPINDITUB18 . 

The financial exbibit for the past year if as follows : 

BBOKPTS. 

Money on hand August 81st, 1868 |886, 802 89 

From taxes levied for building and repairing .... 876,682 88 

From taxes levied for teachers* wages 892,756 84 

From taxes levied for apparatus and libraries. ... 17 ,895 01 

From taxes levied at annual town meeting 186,880 88 

From taxes levied by county supervisors •• 218 ,810 59 

From income of school fund 189,871 89 

From all other sources 219,777 09 

Total receipts $2,882,826 52 

IXPKNDITUBIS. 

For building and repairing $456, 508 77 

For apparatus and libraries 11 ,410 81 

For services of male teachers 520, 978 02 

For services of female teachers 678,007 42 

For old indebtedness 85,067 77 

For furnitarey registers and records ' 87, 440 78 

For all other purposes 208,067 65 

Total expenditures — $1 ,987,486 22 

Money on hand August 81st, 1869 $894,890 80 



The total reoeipts as given in table No. 6 in the Appendix, are 
92,884,837.94 ; the total expenditares, 91,985,761.59; and the 
money on hand Augnst 81st, 1869, as 9868,466.69. When it is 



11 

remembered that separate fiDanoial reports are made by nearly Ato 
tboasaod local offioers, many of whom are entirely unqualified for 
the positions whiob they occupy, the existing discrepancies in tbe 
aggregates are easily accounted for, and the wonder is, not that they 
Bhould occur, but that they are not greater than the figures repre- 
sent. 

The sum expended for teachers' wages amounts to ^.44 for each 
pupil attending school ; and the whole sum expended for the sup- 
port of schools, including wages of teachers, cost of new houses, 
repairs of old ones, furniture, apparatus and libraries, gives $7.20 
as the cost for' each pupil. Adding to the whole sum expended the 
interest (at 7 per cent.) on (3,482,125.71, the amount inyested in 
school houses, sites, apparatus, etc., the cost per pupil is only 
98.13. ^8 but a small part of the cost of new buOdings, furniture 
and apparatus should be included in the aggregate expenses of the 
schools for the year, we can add thereto the salaries of county su- 
perintendents, a part of the salaries of all town, county and state 
officers having any connection with the educational wcrk, including 
the whole expeuse of this department, and not bring the cost per 
pupil above 9^ p^r year. 

Z. — SUMMARY or GINBBAL STATISTICS. 

For convenience of reference a tabular summary of the general 
statistics is here presented, and for the purpose of comparison, the 
returns for 1868 are given in connection with those for the past year. 

* 

1868. 1869. 

Whole number of dif^trictfi in the state 4,728 ^ 4,786 

• Number of districts reported 4,617 * 4,661 

Number of children over four and under twen- 
ty years of age in the state . 886,680 898,747 

Number of children over four and under twen- 
ty years of age in districts maintaining 
school five or more months 874 ,749 894 ,887 

Number orer four and under twenty years of 

age who have attended school " 846,106 246,486 

Total number of different pupils who have at- 
tended the ottblio schools during the 
year *. 249,007 264,088 

Average number of days school was main- 
tained 14H 161 

Number of days attendance of pupils oy;ir 

four and under twenty years of age 18,681,906 18,969,948 

Total number of days attendance of different 

pupils during the year *. 18,602 ,188 19,189,941 



12 

Number of dajs schools have been taught by 

qualified teachers 746,816 786,022 

Knmber ot pupils who have attended private 

schoolb 14,679 15,889 

Namber of schools with two departments. • . . 181 173 
Number of schools with three or more depart- 

merits 95 111 

Number of teachers required to teach the 

schools 5,267 6,517 

Number of different persona employed as . 

teacher:) during the year 8,566 8,795 

Average wages of male teachers $42 97 |43 68 

Average wages of female teachers. $27 18 828 84 

Number of schools visited by the county su- 

perinteudertt ; 4,177 4,248 

Number of public school-houses in the state. 4,646 4,742* 
Number of pupils the school-houses will ac- 
commodate 271,009 274,022 

Number of sites containing less than one acre 8,615 8,709 

Number of sites well inclosed 984 1,181 

Number of school-houses built of stone or ^ 

brick 487 546 

Nomber of school-houses with out-houses in 

good condition 8,037 8,227 

Highest valuation of school-house and site .. $65,000 00 $65,000 00 

Total valuation of school-houses $2,578,898 99 $2,978,492 44 

Total valuation of sites 858,166 62 892,688 98 

Total value of apparatus 97,812 88 

Whole sum expended for building and repair- 
ing school-houses. .. ; 452,419 08 456,508 71 

Whole sum expended for apparatus 9,889 66 11,410 81 

Whole sum expended for teachers' waees. . • 1,028,052 66 1,198,985 44 

Whole sum expended for old indebtedness .. 78,948 76 85,067 77 
Whole sum expended for furniture, registers 

and records 68,897 75 87,440 78 

Whole sum expended for all other purposes. . 159,282 61 203, 06*7 66 

Total amount expended 1,791,940 52 1,987,486 22 

Amount expended for each person of school 

age 4 64 4 98 

Amount expended for each pupil registered. . 7 19 7 52 



XI. — XDUOATIONAL VUNDS. 

The following exhibit of the oondition of our edaoational fundi 
i0 taken, by permission, from the report of the Secretary of State, 
for 1869 : 

SCHOOL Ft7ND, 

The School Fund is composed of: 

1. Proceeds of lands granted by the United States for support of schools. 

2. All money accruing from forfeiture or escheat, and trespass penalties on 

school lands. 
8. All fines collected in the several counties for breach of the penal laws. 
4. All moneys paid as an exemption from military duty ; and 
6. Five per cent, on sale oi government la'nda 



18 



Sales of lands 121,884 62 

Paes OD certificates 28,852 6S 

Loans, payments on mortagei 8, 067 79 

Penalties on forfeitures 888 99 

Taxes 114 87 

Fines 914 87 



1^0,168 77 



DitbunemeaU, 

iDTested in state bonds $26,000 00 

Loans 21,000 00 

Returned to heirs 808 98 

Befunded for oTerpayments 188 69 



160,168 77 146,492 62 

Balance Sept. SO, 1868 1,418 82 

Balance Sept. 80,1869 16,094 47 

161,587 09 $61,587 09 



The amount of the produotive School Fund on the 80th days of 
September, 1868 and 1869, was as follows : 

1868. 1869. 

Amount due on certificates of sales $620,667 62 $516,262 86 

Amount due on mortgaees 160,229 81 161,461 52 

Certificates of indebtedness 1,684,700 00 1,669,700 00 

Total productive fund $ 2,206,486 88 $2,287,414 87 

Showing an increase of the produotive fund of 981*027. 54 daring 
the past year. 

SCHOOL FUHD QTCOIOB. 

Interest on principal due on lands $48 , 625 66 

Interest on certificates of indebtedness. ....... Ill ,484 88 

Interest as per chapter 79, laws 1866 7,088 86 

Twenty>five per cent Normal School fund ineome, 

chapter 25, laws 1866 11,726 41 , 

Saleof Webster's dictionaries 72 00 



Total receipts '. $178,896 75 

DithunemmiB. 

Apportionment by State Superintendent *$177, 118 49 

Webster's dictionaries , 2,000 00 

Protecting lands, (old account) 86 42 

Befunded oc account of orerpayment of interest 988 29 

$178,896 76 $180,142 20 

Oyerpayment, September 80, 186S 110 83 

Overpayment, September 80, 1869 1 , 866 28 

$180,258 08 $180,252 08 



• Thia amount embraces a special apportionment to lancaster. Grant Go., of f819.8AJRBr 
1608, and $34.96 apportioned to Vernon Co., last year, and not paid till tbls, leaving $170,- 
878.69 as the actual apportionment for 1809. 



i 



14 

imiTKBSITT WfnXD, 

ft 

Tbis fund oonsistB of the proceeds of the sales of lands granted 
by Congress for the support of a university. 

JteeeipiM, 

Sales of land $949 82 

Dueson certificates 8,022 00 

Loanfi, payments on mortgages 800 00 

Penalties on forfeitures 4040 

Taies 77 

Dane connty bonds redeemed .*........ 6,000 00 



Total receipts • $9,812 9i) 

Ditbunemenii. 

Inrested !n state bonds $10,000 00 

Refunded on account of overpayment 280 95 

$9,312 99 $10,280 95 

Balance, September 80, 1868 i 1,498 14 

Balance, September 80, 1869 680 18 

$10,811 18 $10,811 18 



The amonnt of this fund which was prodnetive at the end of the 
fiscal year, ending September 30, 1868, and 1869, respectively, was 
as follows : 

1868. 1869. 

Amount due on certificates of sales $68,841 14 $66, 906 14 

Amount due on mortgages « 6 ,092 00 6, 792 00 

Certificates of indebtedness 101 ,000 00 111 ,000 00 

Dane county bonds 24,000 00 19,000 00 

Total productWe fund. ^ $199,488 14 $202 698 14 

Showing an increase in the productive fund during the last year 
of 93,266. 

mnvissiTT FUND nrooxi. 

lUeeipU, 

Interest on principal due on lands $6 ,046 32 

Interest on certificates of indebtedness 

Interest on Dane county bonds 

Students, for tuition and room rent 

Students, for fuel 

Appr'n from geiieral fund, chap. 82, Qt. L 1867. . 

Students, repairs (damages) 

Boarding department 

Laboratory 



7,886 66 
1,660 06 


7,668 00 
669 00 


7,808 76 
8 00 


80 00 


11 28 



Total receipts $80,018 08 



16 

Salaries 120,198 60 

Sxpenses of Begents 892 65 

Insurance 494 87 

Bepairs 8,026 18 

IncidentalB 2,094 79 

Fuel 871 70 

Printing and adTertiaing 249 70 

liibrary 49 12 

I'urniture '. 29 00 

Expense of Tin ton '. ... 88 88 

Boom rent 181 67 

JLpparatus 826 00 

Oabinet 4 00 

Befunded for overpayment of interest 142 61 



• $80,018 08 $28,086 82 

Balance, September 80, 1868 2,148 48 

Balance, September 80, 1869 4,074 64 

$82,161 46 $82,161 46 



AOSIOULT0SJLL OOLLIOI VUMD.* 

Tbia fund oonnsts of tbe prooeeds of the sales of 240,000 acres 

of lands granted by Oongress to tbe state for tbe support of an 

institution of learning, wbere sball be taugbt tbe principles of 

agriculture and tbe arts. Tbe interest on tbe productiye fond forms 

tbe income. 

jReeeipia. 
Sales of lands $25,221 98 



Dues on certificates 788 00 

Penalties on forfeitures 18 60 



$26,017 98 



DttbuTiemenU. 

InTAsted in state bonds $8,00000 

Refunded for OTcrpajment 2 9A 

$26,017 98 $8,002 92 

Balance September 80, 1868 518 88 

Balance September 80, 1869 .' 28,628 84 

$26,581 76 $26,581 76 



Tbe amount of productive fund September 80, 1868 and 1869, 
respeotiyely, was as follows : 

1868. 1869. 

Dues on certificates of sales $14,488 40 $72, 526 40 

Dane county bonds 11,000 00 11,000 00 

Certificates of indebtedness 8,000 00 

$25,488 40 $86,526 40 



Sbowing an increase in tbe productive fund of 961,088.00. 

rrhe Agricultural College lands hare been donated to the State UnlTenlty, and the 
College la now a department of that Institution. 



16 



▲OlUOTTLTUftAL 0OU.MB imTD nrOOMK. 



Interest on principal due on lands |2, 686 77 

Interest on Dane county bonds. * 770 00 

Interest on certifloates of indebtedness 246 00 



18,661 77 .. 

JhdmnemmU, 

Transferred to experimental farm fand t^ , 888 06 

Befnnded for orerpayment of interest 89 

$8,661 77 12,888 44 

Balance September 80, 1868 2,864 69 

Balanoe September 80, 1869 4,182 92 

$6,616 86 $6,616 86 



XXPBRDfXHTAL WABM VUHD. 

This fund is oomposed of the proceeds of the sale of Daneooantj 
bonds to the amount of forty thousand dollars, which, under the 
provisions of chapter 114, laws of 1866, were to be placed in the 
bands of the Begents of the University, for the purpose of pur- 
ehasing a farm in connection with the OoUege of Agriculture. 
These bonds were all delivered, and all invested in the University 
and Agricultural College funds, excepting five thousand dollars, 
which were redeemed by Dane county, and the money paid into the 
fund. 

Ji$eapti. 

Saleof lots $100 00 

Hooserent / 87 60 

Experimental farm sales ••••. 112 60 

Laboratory 10 00 

Transfer from Agricaliural College Fund Income 

to balance account 8,888 06 



$2,69^ 



06 



DMunemmU, 

Farming utensils and improvements $6 , 887 16 

Labor and incidentals 1,666 67 



$2,698 06 $7,068 72 
Balanoe September 80, 1868 4,460 67 

$7,068 72 $7,068 72 



VOBMAL BOHOOL rUITD. 

This fund is oomposed of the proceeds of the sale of lands set 
apart for the support of Normal Schools, by chapter 637, laws of 
1865. 



IT 

Vwenty-Bve per eebt. of the income of this fand is annaallj trans- 
ferred to the Normal School Fond Income. 



SalesoflaDd $25,878 88 

Daesoo certificates.. •• 6,101 12 

LiOAOB, payments on mortgagee , • . G , 221 00 

Penalties on forfeitures 218 57 



•86,418 57 

^lieiirtsffMiift. 

InTested in state bonds $25,000 00 

Befanded for oTcrpayment 828 86 

$86,418 67 $26,828 86 

Balance September 80, 1868 5,416 28 

Balance September 80, 1869.... » 16,505 99 

$41,829 86 $41,829 85 



The amount of prodnotive fund on the 80th day of September, 
1JB68 and 1869, respectivelj, was as follows : 

1868. 1869. 

Amount due on certificates of sales $76,418 11 $70,686 99 

Amount doe on mortgages 100,876 00 94,765 00 

Certificates of indeUe<uess 448,500 00 472,500 00 

Total producUre fimd $625,294 11 $688,941 99 

Showing an increase in the productive fund during the past year 
of 4(13,647 88. 

HOBMJJb SCHOOL FUND IROOMK. 

Interest on principal doe on lands $11 , 761 81 

Interest on certificates of indebtedness. ....... 84,895 00 

Taition fees, PlaUeviile Normal School 1 ,864 70 

Tuition fees, Whitewater Normal School 2, 810 50 

Transferred from Whitewater N. 8. building fund 880 99 

$42,212 60 

Expense of Resents 

Platteville Normal School ,. 

Whitewater Normal School 

Oflhkosh Normal School... 

Institutes 

Expenses 

WhitewaterN.S. build'gfand,ch.l28, O.L. 1869, 

Pli»tteville N. S. buikTg fund, ch. 128, G. L. 1869, 

School fund income, cnap. 687, 6. L. 1865 , 

Befanded on account of OYorpajment of interest 

$52 212 50 

Balance, September 80, 1868 21,792 50 

Balaaoe, September 80, 1869... • 

$74,006 00 
S Sup. Pub. In. 















$869 88 


14,584 01 


16,884 27 


50 60 


2,089 76 


1,827 57 


6,000 00 


4,000 00 


11,726 41 


148 02 


$56,620 86 


17,484 64 


$64,u05 00 



18 



FLATtlTZLLI VOSMAL SCHOOL BITILDINCI TUXD, 



Town of PlatteTille $2,600 00 

Transfer from Normal School Fund Income .... 4,000 00 

Total receipts $6,600 00 



0. H. Allen, work ax)d mateiial for building $1,846 46 

0. A. Battles, heatine apparatns 788 85 

H. Bobbins, work and material for bnilding 2,010 68 



$6,600 00 4,505 99 

Balance, September SO, 1868 2,176 62 

Balance, September 80, 1869 "4,07o'68 

$8,676 62 $8,676 82 



WHmWATIR irOBXAL SCHOOL BVILDINO rUND. 

Beeeyris. 
Transfer from Normal School Fond Income .... $6 ,000 00 

N. M. Littleiohn,'workand material^for building. $2 , 960 76 

8. A. White, f ami tore '649 66 

B. Waine, work on building 17*60 

Transfer to Normal School Fund Income , ggO 99 



$6,000 00 $4,608 79 

Balance, September 80, 1868. • 968 68 

Balance, September 80, 1869 " $1 '4i>9 89 

$6,968 68 $6,968 68 



08HK0SH NOBMAL SCHOOL BUILDXHa FUin>. 

Gitjof Oshkosh $80,000 00 

Galawaj, Rogers & Go., work and material for 

building $14,414 00 

Balance, September 80, 1869 , , X6 686 00 

$80,000 00 80,000 00 



ZII. — APPOBTIONMllTT Of 80H00L FUND INOOUI. 

The amount apportioned the past jear is (ITe.STS.CQ"^. The 
ratio of apportionment was 47 cents per scholar. 

•An extra appprttomn^t was made to the town of Boike, Bane Co., of $148*88. which 
does not appear in table Ho. I of the appendix. v*w»»«-i wimv. 



< 



19 



A detailed statement, by ooantiefl and towns, will be found in 
table No. I of the appendix. 

The apportionments, from 1850 to 1869 inolnsiye, are as follows: 



Tears. 



1860 
1851, 
1862. 
1868 
1864, 
1865 
1868 
1867 
1868 
1869 
1860 
1861 
1862 
1868 
1864 
1860 
1866 
1867 
1868 
1869 



Number of 
Children. 



92 

111 
124 
188 
455 
186 
218 
241 
264 
278 
288 
299 
808 
820 
829 
889 
864 
871 
861 
876 



,647 
,481 
,783 
,279 
,126 
,960 
,886 
,646 
,977 
,871 
,984 
,782 
,666 
,965 
,906 
,024 

,088 
,769 
,827 



Apporiiotuneot. 



8 8-10 cents per scholar 

50 do 

48 do 

45 do 

72 do 

80 6-10... do 

70 do 

66 do 

75 do 

64 do. ..••..••• 

64 do 

82 do 

50 do 

44 do 

47 do 

46 do 

45 do 

47 do 

48 do 

47 do 



The apportionment is made on the basis of the number of ohil* 
dren returned from districts which maintained school for five or 
more months during the preceding jear, and not on the whole num* 
ber between the ages of four and twenty years. The number re- 
ported this year is 894,837, but the apportionment is for 876,327, 
the number returned last year. 

Xin. — TIZT BOOKS. 

There is general complaint throughout the state in reference to 
the matter of text books. These oomplaints take two forms : first, 
that books are changed too frequently ; and, second, that an ezor* 
bitant price is charged for them. The statute provides a remedy 
for the first eyil by requiring district boards to adopt lists of books, 
to remain in use three years. 

The reports of county superintendents (Table No. 4, Appendix) 
show that lists of books have been adopted in 2,825 districts, and 
when the boards in the remaining distriets shall have complied with 
the requirements of the law, this cause of complaint will be re. 



20 

moved. For tbe seoond eTil, it is more diffionlt to find a remedj. 
Some have suggested that tbe state should publish its own teit 
books, and furnish them to the people at cost, bat there are praa- 
tieal diffioulties in the way of carrying out suoh a scheme, which 
forbid its adoption. Another plan has been advocated which pre- 
sents fewer diffioulties than the one first named, and which may be 
carried into execution* It is this : Let a commission be oonsti« 
tuted to select a set of text books for the whole state. Let a con- 
tract be made with the publishers of the books selected, to furnish 
all the books needed by the state for a term of years, at a stated 
price. The publishers should be required to establish depots for 
the sale of the booka at two or three prominent and accessible points, 
where dealers and others could get supplies for their localities. 
The price of books should be uniform at all the depots, and any in- 
dividual, district or school, should be permitted to purchase at the 
regular price. This would prevent dealers from charging an un- 
reasonable commission for their trouble and expense in retailing the 
books. There is no doubt but under suoh an arrangement the books 
needed for the schools of the state could be obtained for fifty per 
cent of what they now cost, while at the same time all the bene- 
fits of uniformity would be secured. The prominent objeetionB to 
this plan are the following : 

1. No commission could select a set of books which would be ao- 
4)eptable to a majority of the teachers who are to use them. 

2. It would be a great sacrifice for those who are now supplied with 
books to lay them aside and purchase a new supply, even at low rateSr 

8. Tho state is under no greater obligation to furnish the people 
urith cheap text books than it is to furnish them with cheap hats, 
•boots and shoes, food and clothing. 

To the first of these objections it may be answered, that either of 
the more prominent series of text books is well adapted to meet the 
wants of our schools ; and. in case no one series should be deemed 
.suitable, from all those in use, a set could be selected to which no 
teacher who is fit for his position could make any reasonable objection. 

The second difficulty may be obviated by providing that the new 
books should be introduced gradually, as those now in use wear out, 
so that a year or more might elapse before a complete change should 
be effected. 



21 

The answer to the tliird objediion is, that the system of pobfie 
instraotion is established by the state ; the people are ^azed to sup- 
port the schools ; the studies pursued in them are preseribed by 
law ; and therefore it is the duty of the state to see that the people 
are not obliged to pay exorbitantly for the books whieh they are 
oompelled to purchase. 

For reasons stated in the report for 1868 no speoifio list of text 
books is reeommended, but distriot boards are advised to select 
from the books iu use those best adapted to meet the wants of their 
respective districts. 

The priceipal text books need* in the «tate, and the Dumber of 
districts using them are given in the following table. For purposes 
of comparison the statement covers the years 1867, 1868 and 1869: 



1867 



1868 



1869 



Xo. of DMb ttsiDg Sanders' Spellers 

Banders' Unloa 

McGaffey's Spellera 

National 

Willaon'a Spellers 

Banders' Readers 

Sanders' Union 

H cGuffey's Readers 

Kafeional Readers 

Wilson's Readers 

Ray's Arithmetics 

Thompson's Arithmetics 

Daviea' Arithmetics 

Robinson's Arithmetics 

Willard's Hirtory of the U. S. 
Ooodrich's History of the U. S . 
WilUon's History of the U. 8. 
ilcKally k M onteitfa's Oeog. . . 

Honteith's Geography 

Cornell's Geographies 

Mitchell's Geographies 

Clark's Grsnunar 

Pinneo's Grammar ', 

Greenes Grammar 

Brown's Grammar* 

Kerl's Grammar 

Cotter's Physiology • 

Davies' Alsebra 

Ray's Algebra 

RobiDson's Algebra 



S,420 



1,144 

887 

S9 

2,068 



1,159 
678 
282 

1,827 
872 
086 
868 
88 
656 
118 

2,040 



1,056 

656 

1,856 

852 

97 

122 

77 

92 

210 

124 

214 



2,664 



996 

879 

84 

2,188 



986 
680 
819. 

1,889 
780 
870 
696 
108 
826 
806 

1,884 



892 
704 
1,682 
728 
119 
150 
296 
114 
160 
118 
161 



2,501 

258 

980 

464 

94 

1,888 
487 
918 
640 
814 

1,868 

629 

89S 

699 

87 

1,101 
166 

1,866 
768 
880 
696 

1,604 
809 

sa 

41 

488 
101 
181 
119 
166 



22 

ZIT.— WBBSXIS'S DIOnOVABT. 

There were no diotionaries on hand at the date of the last report, 
bnt two hundred and fifty copies were purchased in accordance with 
the provisions of chapter 27, general laws of 1869. One hundred 
and eighty-aeyen copies have been distributed to districts hitherto 
unsupplied, and twenty-one copies have been sold to districts onoe 
supplied, leaving forty-two books on hand. Two hundred copies 
will be needed for use the current year. A detailed account of the 
distribution of dictionaries will be found in the appendix. 

ZV.— OVriOS LIBBABT. 

There is an annual appropriation of fifty dollars for the purchase 
of books for the library of this office. This amount has been care- 
fully expended, and many valuable works have been secured, but 
the sum appropriated is too small to permit the purchai^e of costly 
publications, some of which are very much needed. The amount 
received on account of the library fund during my term of oflice is 
(214. 88; and the funount expended is $205.84, leaving a balance 
on hand of $8,54. A detailed statement of receipts and disburse- 
ments is given in the appendix. 

XVI. — ^TBAOHBBS' ISSTITUTBS. 

Fifty three institutes have been held during the past year. The 
Board of Begents of Normal Schools appropriated from the income 
of the Normal School fund the sum of $2,000, to aid in holding 
teachers' institutes. To a committee consisting of His 
Excellency, Governor Fairchild, Hon. William £. Smith, State 
treasurer, and the State Superintendent, was given in charge the 
expenditure of the money, under regulations established by the 
Board. The committee employed Robert Graham, Esq., of Eeno* 
sha, to conduct the institutes, and they also allowed the bills of 
county superintendents (to the amount of $50 per institute) for 
expenses incurred by them in holding their institutes, when the 
agent of the board did not conduct them. 

The institutes have been well attended, and much good has been 
aceomplished. Great credit is due to Mr. Graham for his faithful 
and efficient labors, and the beneficial results of his efforts will long 



be seen and felt in the impro?ed teaohing and management of those 
who have listened to his instrnotions. It is to be hoped that the 
Board of Begents will contiaue to aid the institutes, as there is no 
other ageuoj so effioaoions in raisiDg the standard of teaohers' qual- 
ifications, and in fitting them for the performanoe of their responsible 
duties. 

ZTn.— STATl TIACHUS* ASBOOIATIOV. 

The BOTenteenth annual meeting of the Assoeiation was held at 
Oshkosh, July 6 to 8. The attendanee equalled that of anj pre- 
oeding year, and the exercises were similar to those had at previous 
sessions. Addresses were delivered by the President, Alexander 
Kerr, Principal of Beloit High School; by J. G. Converse, El^q., 
of Boloit ; Calvin Townsend, Esq., of Rochester, N. Y. ; Bev. 
E. 0. Towne, of Chicago ; Dr. J. W. Hoyt, Secretary of State 
Agricultural Society, and Prof. S. fl. Carpenter, of Wisconsin Uni- 
versity. Papers were read by Samuel Shaw, Superintendent of 
Schools of Winnebago county ; Prof. D. 0. Purman, of the Platte* 
ville Normal School, and A. F. Alden, Esq., of the Whitewater 
Normal School. 

A full report of the proceedings, with titles of addresses and 
papers, etc , is given in the *' documents accompanying the report.' 

XVIIX.— HOBMAL SCHOOLS. 

The schools at Platteville and Whitewater have continued in 
successful operation during the year. At the close of* the spring 
term, which ended the scholastic year of 1868-9, the Platteville 
school graduated its first full course class. The examinations of 
the students previous to graduation, and their efforts on commence- 
ment day, showed that they had been carefully trained, and thor- 
oughly drilled in the studies pursued ; and their promptness, clear- 
ness of statement, and general scholarship reflected great credit on 
themselves as well as on their instructors. As the first graduating 
class of the first Normal school established in this state, their 
names are worthy of a place in this report. They are as follows : 

Ella Marshall, Platteville, 
Alvena E. Sohroeder, Platteville, 



LewiB Fank, East Troy. 
Mdyiii Origsby, Potosi, 
Andrew Huttoo, Badger, 
James Rait, Badger, 
lUebard H. Jooea, PlatteviUe, 
Edward H. Spragne, Lancaster. 

Full information in regard to terms of admission, eoorses of Btad!y» 
and the eondition and prospeots of the schools, can be obtained 
from the following reports, whioh are giren in the " doonments." 

1. Ke report of the president of the board of Regents* 

2. The report of the examining committees. 

8. The reports of the presidents of the schools. 

ZIX. — STATB VNITiaSITT. « 

The University has enjoyed another prosperous year, and has 
done its appropriate work thoroughly and well. Notwithstanding 
his resignation, at the earnest request of the board of regents^ 
President Chadboume still remains at the head of the institution^ 
managing with skill and ability all its various affairs and interestSi 
and infusing vigor and energy into all its departments. He is ably 
seconded by each' member of the faculty, and the opportunities 
afforded young gentlemen and ladies to obtain a thorough education 
are equal to those presented by many older and more celebrated 
colleges and universities. The reports of the president and of the 
board of regents give full information in regard to the organization, 
aims, resouroes and prospects of this head of our educational insti* 
tutions, and the suggestions made in said reports, especially those 
in reference to the need of another building to accommodate the 
students, are entitled to your careful consideration. 

ZX.' — ^AOAniMMS. 

Only four academies have reported, Albion Academy, the OemKRi 
and English Academy, Milwaukee ; Jefferson Liberal Institute, and 
Patch Qrove Academy. Their statistics are given in the documenta. 

XXI.— OOLLSOIS. 

Beports have been received from the following institutions: 
Beloit OoUege, Oarroll OoUege, Galesvflle University, Lawrenea 



25 

UnWerritj, Milton College, Milwaukee Female College, Nortbwest- 
ern Uniyersitj, Prairie du CHien College, Racine College, Bipon 
College and the Wieeonnn Female College. Two of these, Beloit 
and Bacine Colleges, are for gentlemen only ; two others, as their 
titles indicate, are for ladies alone ; while the remaining six are 
open to both sexes. 

The following comparatiye snnunary presents the most important 
statistics given in the reports : 

1868. 186p. 

No of colleges reported (not including atate nnirerBitj) 10 10 

Number of memberB of faculties 78 80 

Number graduated at last commencement 85 47 

Total number who have graduated 898 440 

Number of students in senior classes 48 61 

Number of students in Junior classes 57 81 

Number oi students in sophomore classes 115 86 

Number of students in freshman classes 167 185 

Number of students not in regular classes 25 182 

Number of students in preparatory departments 1 , 545 1 ,418 

Total number in the institutions reported 1,961 1,998 

Number of acres owned bj the institution 6 , 746 8 , 662 

Estimated cash value of lands |84,60O $105,000 

Estimated cash value of buildings « 886,000 414,600 

Amount of endowment funds except real estate 195,000 219,825 

Amount of income from tuition 85,495 25,618 

Amount of income from other sources 28,461 80,698 



XZIZ. — T0WH8HIP 80H00L OOYBBHMXHT. 

Five or six towns have adopted the township system, bat it is too 
early to oome to any eonclusion in reference to its operation. As 
it is a general complaint that the system is not understood, the law 
passed last winter is here presented, accompanied by the explana- 
tion of the systeni given in the report for 1868. 

Chapter 182, General l/aw§ of 1869. 

AN ACT TO BSTABLIBH A TOWNSHIP SYSTEM OF SCHOOL GOYEBNM XNT. 

Th€p€opU qf th€ ttaie of WUcoiMln, npramCid In imat$ and amtnUy^ do mad as 
foUaum: 

SncnoK 1. Etch town wfaleh Is now or miy hereafter be orfsnlaed Jn this state. Is 
hereby deelsred and conitttuted one school district Cor all the purposes of this act, and 
the sersml school districts end paits of Joint districts which are now or msj henefter ho 
estahltshed in the soTeral oiganised towns, shaO be stf led end known as snb-dlstriots. 

SnonoH 9. Mew sub-districts may be fbrmed and the boundaries ot any sirtHllstrlols 
map be altered by the town board of directors, at any regular meeting of ssid board : 
provkM, that the formatlott and alteration of Joint snb-dlstricts shall be by the conenr- 
rent action of the boards of dhwctots of aU the towns eabnced In part la such snW 
distrtets. 



26 

SionoH 8. Hid deiki of the MTeral iiib-dlfltrlcU in toy otgaslMd town, togetlior vltlL 
the clerks of the Joint inb-dUtrlcte, the echool honeei of which we sitOAtedin each town, 
■hell constitnte the town hoard of ichool directors. 

Snonox4. The aeidboard shall he • body cqrponte, and ■hall poisees the nenalpow- 
ore of a corporation for pnhlic pnxposes, hjr the name and style of " the hoard of echool 

directors of the town of ^* (the name of the town to which the board belongs), and 

Sn that name shall sne and he sned, and be capable of oontneting and being contraeted 
with and of holding real and personal estate, and of selling the same, as anthoiined by 
the provisions of this act. 

Sscnoir 6. Hie board of diractors In each town are hereby InTested in their corpor- 
ate capacity, with the title, care and cnstody of all school honaes, school hooae sitae, 
fhmitnre, apparatns and other property of all kinds belonging to the snb school districts 
therein, with ftill power to control the same, in such manner as will beet subserve the 
interests of the schools in snch town. 

Bection 6. The said board shall meet annually upon the flrst Monday in October In 
oach year, at or as near as may be, the place where the last annual election was held. The 
second tegular meeting of the board shall be held on the third Monday of March in each 
year. The henr of meeting shall be ten o^clock in the forenoon. 

Sxcnoir 7. Special meetings may be called by the president and secretaiy upon the 
application of one-third of the members of the board. Such meetings shall be called by 
notuyiog each member of the board personally, or by leaving a written notice at his 
place of residence or business, stating the time, place and objects of the meeting, at 
least live days before the time appointed therefor. 

BsoTiOH 8. The members of the )»oard, a miO<»^ty of whom shall constitute a quorum, 
assembled at the ilnt and each succeeding annual meeting, shall elect from their number 
a president and vice president, and a secretaiy, who may or may not be one of their 
number ; pravkMt^ he shall be a resident of the town to which the board belonga. 

BncnoM 9. The board of each town shall have power to purchase or hire houses and 
rooms for the use of schools and to fence an^ improve the same as they may deem 
proper, and upon such sites, to build, enlarge, alter, improve and repair school houses, 
outhouses or any other buildings for school p^rposee, as they may deem advisable ; and 
also, whenever in the opinion of the board any school house or school house site is no 
longer needed for school purposes, the same be sold and conveyed in the corporate name 
of the board, such oonveyanoe to be executed by the president and secretaiy of the 
board. 

BsonoH 10. It shall be the duty of the board at the regular meeting in March, to es- 
'timate and determine the amount of money which will be necessary for the rapport of 
schools, and for the building and repairing of school houses in the town ior the year 
ensuing. 

BnonoK 11. It shall be the duty of the board to establish and maintain such snd so 
many schools in the several subdistricts under their chaige as they may deem requisite 
and expedient : proetdstf, that there shall be at least one common school in each sub- 
district, and that all such schools shall be kept each year not less than live months. The 
board shall have in all respects the supervision and management of all the schools, with 
fhll power to adopt, enforce, modiiy and repeal, from time to ttane, all rales and regula' 
dona not Inconsiatent with the laws of this state necessary for their organixatlon, grada- 
tion and control, and for the instruction given by them in the dllEsrent branches of 
education taught therein, and to establish and enforce proper penalties for the violation 
of Buoh rules. 

Bbotioh 19. All the powers confsrred upon school district boards by the provlalona 
of chapter lfi6 of the general laws of 1868 and the acta amendntory thereto, excepting 
thoee the ezereUe of whioh would conflict with the provisions of this chapter, are hereby 
confoired upon the town boards of dlrecton provided for in this act. 



27 

Saonoir 18. The pregldant, Tlce president and 0eeret«7 of tbe town botrd of direct- 
on Bball coBstitnte an ezecntlTe eommiitee, which committee ahall carry out, pnt In 
force and ezecote all orders of the board, aad for this pnipote all power and authorliy 
-vested in the board by the proTisiona of this act shall be deemed Tested in the ezecatire 
committee, and any dnty devoWed upon the said board by the said pronslons shall de- 
toIto npon the execatiye committee : providsd, that all the acts of the ezecntive com- 
mittee shall be subject to review by the board at any regular meeting thereof! 

BaonoN li. The ezecntiTe committee shall employ so many qnalliied teachers as they 
may deem necessary to giye instructon in all the schools nader the charge of the board. 
Sach contract shall be in writing, ahall be signed by the teacher and by the preaident 
and secretary, and ahall apedxy the wagea per week, month or year, as agreed npon by 
the parties. 

Smcmov 15. The secretary shall record all tbe proceedings of the board in a book 
kept for that purpose ; he shall keep an accoraie and specific acconnt of all expenses in- 
eurred by the board, including a list of all orders drawn by him, with the date, amosat, 
person in whose ikyor and object for which each order waa issued ; he shall properly file 
all papers deposited with him in accordance with law, and (shall keep and preserve all 
books, papers and records belonging to his offlce, and deliyer the same to his successor. 

BxonoH 16. He shall make and keep in his oflice sn accurate map of his town, show- 
ing the boundaries of all subdistricts and Joint subdlstrlcts, and the location of all school 
houses and highways therein. When a new subdistrict is formed by the board of direc- 
tors, or one is altered, he shall within ten days thereafter, certify to the clerk of each snb- 
dlatrtct ailbcted by such formation or alteration,^a copy in writing of. the record of the 
action of the board in the matter. 

Sxcnoir 17. He shall hare the immediate charge and superrlsioa of all the schools In 
his town, and shall, under the direction of the board of directors, oiganise and grade them, 
and assist the seyeral teachers thereof in classifying and arranging them. He shall 
Tlait each school in his town at least twice during each term thereof ; shall examine into 
its condition and progress, consult' with and adyise the teachers in regard to methods of 
Instruction and goyemment, and shall report to the board from time to time such im- 
provements as his experience shall dictate are calculated to benefit the achool. 

BsoTioir 18. He ahall draw orders oa the town tressurer for moneys in the hands of 
such treasurer which have been apportioned to the town, and for moneya collected or 
receiyed by him from other sources for school purposes, for the payment of teachers* 
wages, the purchase of school house sites, the building, buying, hiring, repairing and 
ftamishing of school houses, and for all other purposes authorised by this act or by the 
board of directors acting under It: provide that each ocder shall deaignate the oliiJect 
for which and the ftmd upon which it is drawn, and shall be eountersigned by the presi- 
dent. 

SxoTZOH 19. It shall be the duty of the secretary, at least five days before the anan^ 
town meeting or election each year, to make to the board of supenrisers of the town a 
written statement, showing the receipts of moneys for school purposes from all sources, 
and the disbursements of the same during the year ending on the third Monday of 
Varch, in which statement shall oe given, under separate heads : 

1st. The amount in the treasury at the beginning of the year. 

Sd. Amount received fh>m the state ftand. 

Sd. Amount collected by town treasurer. 
* 4th. Amount received fttm all other sources. 

6th. The manner in which such sums have been expended, speeiiying the snouat paid 
under each head of expenditure. 

6th. Amount rsmalnlng in the treaaury. 

Tth. Amount of indebtedness of the towaahip district aad when and bow payabfo. 



28 

Tk0 laeretAiy ihall Meompany the alioTO stoteniMit with the •Mmttbn of the hoard oT 
the amonat neeeaaary for the anpport of achooU duing the enanlog jear, apecUying tli» 
■una needed nnder the following heada: 

let. Amottht for teachers* wagea. 

9d. Amoant for achool hoiae altea, and for Mdldinf , hiring or puehaalng achool 
hoQBea. 

8d. Amount for ftiel. 

4th. Amount for incidental ezpeneef, tedndtaig repairs, maps, glohea, charta and for 
all needlhl edhool room appurtenances. 

6fh. An amoont not to exceed one hundred dollars, to purchase Ifbrary hooka. 

Bmmon 90. It shall be the dnty of the board of superriBors of each town in the atate 
to present the statement and estimates aboye mentioned to the electors of the town, at 
the annual town meeting or election, and the items of said estimates shall be paaaed 
upon separately by a vote of the electors present: ptovkiatf, that upon motion they miqr. 
be increased or diminished ; and protMtdy fwihtTy that if for any reason moneys for the 
support of schools shall not be Toted at the annual town meeting, or a sufficient amount 
ahannot then be TOted, the superrlsors shall present the estlmatea before mentioiiad to 
the electors at the general election in the foil, for a Tote thereon. 

Sbotiok 11. Tlie secretary shall fomish school registers In the form prescribed by fl&e 
state superintendent of public instruction, in which eyery teacher in the town shall be 
required to enter the namea, ages and studies of all the scholsrs attending school, and 
daily their attendance and absence, which registers shall be deposited with the clerk of 
the subdlstrlcts at the end of each term of school. 

SacnoN tS. It shall be the duty of the secretary, between the flfteenth and twenty* 
fifth days of September, iu each year, to make and transmit to the superintendent of 
achools for the county a report in writing, bearing date on the ISth day of September In 
the year of Its transmlaslon, stating, 

let Tlie whole number of subdistrieti and parte of aubdistrlota separately aet off 
within the town. 

Sd. The length of time a school shall have been taught in each of aaid aubdiatrictB or 
parts of districts. 

Sd. The number of children taught in eadi, and the number of children orer the age 
t€ four and under the age of twenty years residing in each. 

4th. The whole amount of money recelTed in the town for school purposes since tha 
date of the laat preoedlng report, setting forth separately the amount received from the 
-aCate through the county treasurer, the amount levied by the county board of superriaora, 
«nd the amount raised by the town at Ita annual meeting. 

Bth. Hie manner in which said moneys have been expended, and whether any and 
what part remains unexpended, ?rith such other information as the state BUperintendemt 
may from time to time require. 

Snonov S8. The town clerk shall assess all aama'voted at the annual town meeting, 
or at the lUl election, for the support of schools, upon the real and personal property of 
Ihe town aa found In the aasessment roll for the year in which said moneys are voted, 
and (he sums so aasessed shall In all respects be collected or returned delinquent lika 
other taxes, and when eolleetod, the money shall be theld by the treasurer, and be by 
him paid out on the order of the president and secretary ef the town board of 
directors. 

SncTzoir S4. If for any reason the electors of a town shall foil to vote an amount of 
money aafldent to maintain a achool in each subdistrict for the torm of five months dur. 
ing the year ensuing, then the secretary shall, on or before the fourth Monday of Novear 
ber of the year in which the electora shall foil to vote aa aforeaaid, certify to the town 
daik Che amonnt aatimAtad by the board of diroeton aa naoasaary for tsachera* wagea. 



29 

ftiel, nspalr of mAiooI hoiuef and incidental azpanaat, and fhe town clerk BbaU aneat the 
mf^gtegiite mm thiu certilled upon aU the tanble property of the town in the ataeaamant 
roll tor that year, and the town treaanrer ahall collect the aame with the other tasea. 

Bbction S5. It shall be the dnty of the town treaanrar of each town to apply tot and 
TeceWe fh>m the treaanrer of hla county all moneya apportioued for the nae of conunoD 
BChools in hla town, and to pay ont the aame, together with all moneya collected or re* 
ceWed by him for achool porpoaea, upon the order of the preaident or aecretary of the 
town boaxd of directora. 

Bbctioh S6. The annoal meeting of each anb-diatrict ahall be held on the laat Moav 
dny in September in each year. The time of anch meetlnc ahall be acTen o^dock in the 
nftemoon. 

BscnoN 9T. The inhabitanta qnalifled by law to TOte at a anbHllatrict TWfting, whea 
•aaembled in annual meeting, ahall hare power, and it aiiall be their duty, 
let. To appoint a chairman for the time being. 
Sd. To appoint a secretary, if the diatrict cle A ahall be abaent. 
8d« To chooae a clerk. 

4tb. To recommend to the town board of directora the number of montha they daaire 
to bave achool maintained in their anb-diatrlet the ensuing year, and whether they do. 
■ire a male or female teacher; the improvementa and repairs which ought to be made on 
the school houses, ont-housea, grounds, etc. ; what maps, charta, or other aide In teach- 
ing should be fomiahed, and generally, any thing, matter or plan, which, in their Judg- 
ment, will advance the cauM of education and benefit the school of their sub-district. 

SscnoH SB. The clerk shall record the proceedings of all district meetlngB in a book 
to be kept for that purpose ; shall certify to the town board of directors any recommend* 
ation adopted by the electors of his sub^lstrict in accordance with the provisiona of the 
preceding section, and shall have charge of the school houae and all property therein or 
belonging or attached thereto, aul^ect to the order or direction o^ the board of di- 
rectors. 

Bbction S9. He shall be a member of the town board of directors, shall attend all 
meetings of the board, and shall carry out all lawfhl orders of the same having reference 
to the school house of his district or the school maintained therein. 

Section 80. He shall give at least six days' previous notice of every annual meeting 
of the electors of his sub-dislrict, by ponting notices therefor in four or more public 
places in the sub-dietrlct, one of which notices shall be affixed to the outer door ol the 
achool house, and he shall act as secretary of all such meetings when present. 

BxcnoN 81. When a new sub-district is termed or a vacancy occurs in the office of sub- 
district clerk, the executive committee of the town board of directors shall appoint a 
clerk, who shall hold his office until the annual meeting of the sub-district next succeed- 
ing such appointment. 

Section 8S. When a sub-district Is composed of parte of two or more towna, the board 
of directors of the town in which the school house is situated shall have the entire con- 
trol of said sub-district, and shall maintain achool therein as in other sub-districts ; and 
the clerk of such Joint sub-district shall be a member of the board of directora of said 
town, whether he resides in the same or not. At the annual meeting in October, the 
board of directora shall calculate and determine the cost of maintaining the achool in 
aaid Joint sub-district for the year ending at the close of the term preceding the meeting 
of the board, and the secretary shall certify such amount to the secretary of the board of 
each town embraced in part In such Joint.sub-dlstilct, together with the assessed valua- 
tion ot aaid sub^listrict and of each part thereof, as found in the assessment roll of the 
i|id town for that year. On the receipt of such certificate, the secretary of the board of 
directora of each of said towna ahall draw an order on the treasurer of his town in Ihvor 
of the treaanrer of the town in which the achool-houae of aaid Joint aub-diatrlct ia altn- 




fit mfr^sf Im a panicclar €atiicu tibrovf^ v^ck a fH«r raas^ to bnld a 
Mdfe lor tlw «je of the towm, eooxtj or lule at latse, as veil aa for 

aa J jwuco ia coai^eOiag the i^aU taato of a p*ttj, 

to baOd the koaaa ia vUcfc tkeir duldrea are to 
tioa ia a natter of peblic iaterett^ aad thoae 
cbiMrea will, ia AfterTean, be aeattered'all orer tiie 
** ne iceoad eril iakctcat ia tiM preacat ijatem ia: 

^amoBCAUTT Of 



**Jm oae dtftriei fcbool viB be Bainiained aiae or tea aoatha eaeb jear ; 
fa aa adjoioioc ooe onlj five or aix BMKitha, aad jet tbe pereeatage of taxa* 
tioa flMj be greater ia tbe latter thaa ia tbe foraMr. Ia oae mtMoi eonpe* 
loai teaebeta aaj be eaqriojed, aad tbe range of stodiea porsaed be taeb as 
to afl»rd tbe papila aa edocatfoa almoat acadeaue ia its ebaraeter; while ia 
aaotber oalj a lew priaauy braacbea are taagbt by aa iaezperiecced and in- 
cspable lastraetor. Districts are often organised in sacfa form tbat a person 
resides ia oae while tbe greater part of his property is sitnated in another; 
and aaay Iito in elose proziraitj to school hoases to which they wonld be 
glad to fend their cbilireBy bnt cannot beeaoas they are not in the aame dis- 
trict, while tbe hoases to which they are compelled to send them are remote 
and difllciilt of accets. 

** It often hsppens that a popoloos district poswsses a small, badly arranged 
bouse, while an a4JoioiDg district, with few scholars, has a large and conre- 
nient one ; yet the children of the popnloos district cannot attend the school 
In the other withoat consent of the board and the payment of a tuition fee, 
and the popolous district may hare bat s limited amoant of assessable prop- 
erty, and not be able to erect a suitable school house for a term of years. 

** In the third place the present system is a fruitful source or cause of dir 
cord and contention. It is natural that a small and weak district should 
seelt to obtain additions to its territory from neighboring districts larj^er and 
stronger than itself. Application is made to the town soperrisors for a 
change In tbe boundaries of certain districts. When the changes asked for 
are granted, those indiri duals remoTed from old associations appeal to the 
state superintendent to set aside the action of the superrieors. When tbe 
•ttperrlsors refuse to make the changes desired, the parties petitioning for 
such changes take an appeal, and ask that tbe superrisors be ordered to grant 
lbs prayer of tbe petitioners. Each party uses all the means at command to 
secure ths ends desired, snd persanalities and yitiiperation often take the 
place of fact and srgument. Thus neighborhoods and communities are tIo- 
lently agitated, and enmities are engendered which last for years, seriously 
orlppUog (hs schools, and Impeding tbe progress of education. 



«8 

**Xt ts oftoB Ttry diiBeiiH to decide ouefl brought before the etate eaperin- 
tendent on appeal, the facts and argament&on one side being about balanced 
bj those on the other, and no matter what the decieion may be, it fails to 
satisfy both sides. Between thirty and forty appeals have been decided since 
the first of January last, aiid a large minority of them. relate to the organis*. 
iion of districts, or a change in their boundaries. 

** Again, the district system is necessarily ezpensiye. There are nearly 
Ave thousand districts in the stato, each of which must have a treasurer who 
is required to giro a bond for the iaithM discharge of the duties of his 
office. Besides the ezpense of the instrument itself, the trouble of getting 
sureties, etc., the boed must have a revenue stamp affixed of the value of one 
dollar. The treasurer is elected every three years, but on account of rerig^ 
nations, removals, etc., the office is really filled tbout once in two years. 
This makes an average annual ez^nse of between two thousand and two 
thousand five hundred dollars; an unnecessary eipenditure, as every dollar 
of the money received and paid out by the district treasurers comes through 
the hands of the town treasurers, who have themselves given bonds for the 
safe keeping of the funds entrusted to their care, and who might as weH pay 
them out in detail to teachers and others entitled to them. There are many 
other evils incident to the district system, as all who are familiar with ita 
working are aware, but space will not be taken to enumerate ihcm all. For 
most of them the township system furnishes a simple and ample remedy, as 
will be seen when its features are carefully examined. 

"The fundamental principle of this system is that each town shall consti- 
tute a district for purposes of taxation and general supervision and manage- 
ment. This does away at once with unequal taxation. As all taxes for school 
purposes are levied upon the town as a whole, every man pays the same per 
oentage on the assessed valuation of his property. 

*' The present districts would constitute sub-districts, in each of which an 
officer should be elected annually, called a director, and all the directors in 
a town would constitute a board of directors, which should have the entire 
oontrol and management of the schools and school interests.. The secretary 
of this board takes the place of the old town superintendent, visits aud super- 
vises the schools, grades thera and assists the teachers in classifying the 
pupils, etc, in a word is the efficient agent of the board and the connecting 
link betweea the county superintendent and the scho'ols. 

*'The advantages of this system are many, and evident: 

" 1. Bach parent would be permitted to send his children to the school 
which best accommodated them, and all the expense, trouble and ill-feeling 
consequent upon the frequent changes in the boundaries of districts would be 
avoided. 

** 2. School houses would he built when and where they are needed. Many 
distriois are now competted to Buffei\, year after year, all the inconvenience 
. % SoK Pub. Ira 



84 

and loflfl occasioned by the nae of a nnall, badly congtnicted, in-arranged bonie, 
becaase of difflcnlties concerniDg the lite, or the indisposition of the Toten 
to faroish the means to erect a new building. Under the township system 
these difficulties would be avoided, as the board, composed of delegates from 
all parts ot the town, would not be likely to be influenced by local disputes 
in reference to the site for a house, but would locate it at such point as 
would best accommodate those for whom it was selected ; and as the funds 
for buildiog the house would be drawn from the whole town, the tax upon 
each indiyidual would be so small as not to be in the least burdensome and 
there would be no necessity for delay. 

*< S. Schools can be graded more easily under the township than under 
the separate district system. The districts, as now organised, as a geneiml 
rule, are too feeble in numbers and wealth to maintain more than one de- 
partment, and the law of 1868, permitting districts to unite for high school 
purposes, has been entirely inoperative, no action having been taken by any 
district in accordance with its provisions. The summer schools in the 
oountry especially, are primary schools in most respects, while the winter 
schools embrace all grades of pupils from the primary to the grammar or 
high school. This condition of things necessitates the employment of better 
educated, more experienced teachers during the winter term, at a cost for 
their services of about double the amount paid for the same length of time 
in the Rommer, while there is not, on an average, more than a dosen children 
in each district whose capacity, advancement, or range of studies, demandi 
a better or more costly teacher than the one employed during the summer- 
and thus the education of these few costs the districts the difference be* 
tween the wages paid in summer and winter, amounting, for a four months 
school, to from thirty to sixty dollars. Now if there were, within the reach 
of a larger class of pupils in three or four districts, a school of a higher 
grade, to which they could all have access, the winter school in their respect- 
ive districts could be continued as a primary .or intermediate school, under 
the charge of the same teacher employed in the summer, and one higher 
grade teacher would suffice for several districts. By this arrangement, aU 
the pupils in a town would be divided into two grades, at a cost for tuition 
not greater than that now incurred ; and the total additional expense would 
be measured by the cost of erecting a sufficient number of buildings to 
accommodate the higher grade of pupils. In many instances, by a proper 
arrangement of the terms of school, the houses already erected would serve 
for both grades of pupils. In some district, in which the house is so situated 
as to be easy of access to the larger scholars in several surrounding districts, 
let there be a term of school commencing so soon as the ground is settled 
and the weather is pleasant in spnng, and continuing to the first of July • 
and a fall term commencing about the middle of August and continuing till 
the middle of Kovember ; thus affording the primary pupils six months or 



8fi 

more of nnlnterrapted aohoal daring the most pleuant season of the year, 
which wonld be far more beuefloial to them, ' intellectually and physicallj, 
than the nsoal sammer and winter terms, with the extremes of warm and 
cold weather, prodacing sickness, tardiness, and irregularity of attendanoe, 
and thus wasting a good share of the money expended. The winter term 
oould then be dcTOted entirely to the grammar or higher grade scholars, who, . 
under a competent instruotor, whose whole time was giren to them and 
their studies, would make as much progress as they now do, in mixed schools, 
In two or more. Again, wheneyer a new school hoube is to be built, Its 
location, size, and internal arrangements can all be adapted to the new order 
4>f things, so that in process of time, without any Tiolent changes, or any 
appreciable increase of expense, the fkcilities for maintaining graded 
schools can be established throughout the state. 

"4. Better Buperrision of the schools. The county superintendent, though 
exercising a general superyision over all the schools in his county, is entirely 
unable to give, to each school, that personal attention necessary to obtain a 
complete knowledge of its condition and wants ; and some of the most ao- 
tire and efBcieot superintCDdents hate felt the need of a local officer, to co- 
operate with and aid them in effecting improvements in the management of 
the schools. As before stated, the secretary of the town board will be the 
proper person to have the immediate supervision of the schools, and will 
hare power, under the direction of the board, to grade and arrange them, 
suggest and enforce rules for their management and government, and advise 
with and assist the teachers in all cases in which advice and assistance are 
needed* He should be appointed by the board, and he may be one of their 
number, or not, so that the best person to fill* the place is selected. 

^' We should thus secure all the advantages of the town superintendent 
system, without losing any of the benefits resulting from the establishment of 
the county superintendency. 

"6. Economy of sdministration. All^the expenses now incurred in or- 
ganizing new districts, and in changing the bouodaries of old ones, would be 
saved. Sach child being permitted to attend that school which best accom- 
modated him, and the amount of tax which each person would pay being the 
same, no matter in what subdistrict he resided, there would be no reason for 
altering districts ; consequently very few changes would be made, and those 
few would be easily effected, and attended with little or no expense. 
Again, the lisbility to a loss of moneys is in proportion to the number of 
bands through which they pass, and it is no wonder that, with nearly ive 
thousand disbursing officers, there is a good deal of waste of district teds 

«very year. 

<* Under the township system the financial affairs of all the schools is a 
town being managed by the same board, one treasurer WQuld be sufficient, 
tnd, in order not to multiply officers, the town treasurer, who now ooHeefii 



88 

and reoeives all the school moneya belonging to hie town, nright be treararer 
of the board, and npon the order of its lecretary, oountertigned by the pres- 
ident, conld pay out such moneys, when needed. Thus the number of dia- 
baraing officers woald be reduced from nearly five thousand, to less than 
eight hundred, and besides the diminished liability to loss on account of the 
' decrease in the number of disbursing officers, the expense incurred in axe. 
anting nearly two thousand treasurers' bonds each year would be sared. 

*' 6. There would be an equality of priTileges in the different districts, 

as, the schools being supported by a general tax, justice would require that 

they be maintained an equal length of time throughout the town, and we 

should not see, as we now do, so great a disparity in school priTileges in ad* 

Joining districts. 

*' Free schools are founded upon the prinelple that it is the duty of the 
state to see that the children within its limits are educated. To this end a 
generous public fund is provided, and the people are yearly taxed to support 
the system ; yet the kind and amount of instruction given to the children 
of different districts depend entirely upon influeuces which the law does not 
«eek to guide or control Now common sense and Justice demand, that 
wherever children enough to organise a school are found, one should be ea* 
tablished, with all the means and appliances necessary to secure the result 
desired ; the proper education of the childreu attendiug it 

** 7. Employment of Teachers. It beiug the special duty of the secret^" 
ry of the town beard to visit the schools, become acquainted with their con* 
dition and wants, the capacity, tact, and success of the different teachers, 
he would be better qualified to select the person suited to each school than 
nine tenths of the district clerks under the present sjstem possibly can be ; 
thus better teachers would be employed — that is, teachers better adapted to 
their positions — and they would not be changed each term, as they now are, 
but would remain in one school so long as they were successful in their work. 
■Inoompetent and unsuccessful teachers would be sifted out, the standard of 
•attainments of all those employed would be gradually and surely raised, and 
-the consequent progress of the schools would be certain and uninterrupted. 
** The new system of examination by the county superintendent has done 
much to elevate the standard of attainments, and weed out unsuccessfo 1 
'teachers; but, inasrouca as an examination in regard to scholarship is not a 1' 
ways a true test of the qualifications of an applicant, and it is not possible 
for the county superintendent to give that personal attention to each schoo 
necessary to enable him to Judge correctly in regard to the skill and faith- 
Ailness of the teacher, many persons are atill employed who have no real fit- 
ness for their poaition, and who are retained through favoritism or indiffer- 
ence 0|i the part of those by whom they are engaged. Such persons would 
be quietly dropped from the list of teachers, and would engage in other pnr- 
«i4s, or, by the use of proper means, become fitted for their responsible 
positions ai Instructors of youth. 



87 

-** I liftTe thtif preflented soine of ibe main points In whieb it Is beliered 
tbaA the township system is superior to the district system ; and it only re- 
BDAins to notice some of the objections urged to it by those who ol^eet to 
«hangei or who are satisfied with the system as it is. 

'* The first objection is to the raising of taxes for the snpport of schools 
l>y the town at large. Loolcing at the matter from a personal stand point, 
many think a general tax would be unjust to different localities, for the rea- 
son that children of school age are not proportioned to the Talnation of 
property, and thus a wealthy district with few children would pay for the 
education of children residing in other districts. This objection is the same 
one so often urged against free schools by the childless capitalist, or the 
wealthy tax-payer whose children are already educated : ' I ought not to pay 
for educating my neighbor's children.' As before stated, free schools are es- 
tablished on the assumption that ' the property of the state shall educate the 
children of the state,' and consistency requires that the details of the sys- 
tem shall be so arranged as to carry out this fundamental principle. What 
justice is there in requiring that a specified portion of territory shall furnish 
the means to educate the children residing therein, so long as you withhold 
from the tax-payers the power to decide who shall inhabit that territory ? 

'*The fact is, that the fairest method of maintaining the schools would be by 
a tax upon the whole state, and the larger the district embraced in one or' 
ganization the more just and equal will be the taxation. 

'* The moneys apportioned yearly by the state superintendent, and ^tliose 
levied upon the towns by tlie county board of superrisors, are distributed In 
each district in proportion to the number of children between the ages of 
four and twenty residing thei^in ; and as the litter moneys are raised by k 
tax upon each town as a whole, and not by separate districts, the plan adTO- 
«ated is, in fitct, in operation already, and only needs to be extended to the 
levy and collection of all the funds needed to support the schools. 

'* In the second place, many will oliject to the raising of funds by the 
whole town, to build a school house in a particular district, who would be 
willing that the schools should be supported by a general tax, afteir the 
houses are built, this objection Is rsmoTed by considering the town as 4 
•Ingle district, wbich needs sereral houses to accommodate Its paplla It Is 
tme, that, for convenience sdie, the town is divided into snb-distriets, yet» 
for general purposes it is a unit, and should be managed accordingly. Ilaoh 
town is divided into road districts, and when a new highway is to be laid out, 
the whole town is called upon to pay the expense incurred for right of way, 
«tc., though but few of its tax-payierd are persofi^Uy benefited ; and irhietk k 
bridge is to be built no one thinks of asking the dtisens tesidlng {n tiM totA 
jdlstHet In wliieh Mie bridge Is needed, to fbimf sh the fotods to pay fbr e^eHok 
It s and it Oannot be thM the ediicatlen of the <^ldrten of WlMonsIn, Is a 
maUm of Ian interest to the people than the laying out of highwajs, and tb« 



88 

erection of bridges. Returns made to the state saperintendi^nt show that, 
on an ayerage, in the larger counties, not more than foar school houses az^e 
bnilt in each year ; and this would give to each town but one to build every 
three' years, and this burden, being borne by all the tax-payers, would be so 
Ught as scarcely to be felt. All the children would thus be proTided with 
school priyileges, and the protracted effort and struggle now necessary ia 
most districts, in order to secure the erection of a school house, woold ba 
ftToided. 

"In order to aroid all seeming injustice, it might be proTiaed, that those 
districts which had, within a certain limited time, erected good and substan- 
tial houses, should be exempted from the payment of the taxes raised for 
building school houses for a number of years after the adoption of the 
township system.*' 

It 18 belioTed that so soon as the township system is clearly un- 
derstood it will be adopted by a large number of towns, and wiU 
proTO to be a great improvement upon the present system. 

XXUI.-— Of VlOa WORK, TBATHL, STO. 

The amount of offioe work performed during the year equals that 
of the year preceding, yet more time has been devoted to outside 
labor than was given to it in 1868. From the 29th of March till 
the 6th of November, the greater part of the time was spent in at- 
tending teachers' institutes, lecturing, visiting schools, etc. I at- 
tended institutes in the counties of Adams, Calumet, Chippewa, 
Columbia, Dane, Door, Dunn, Fond du Lao, Grant, Green, Green 
Lake, Iowa, Jefferson, Juneau, Marquette, Pepin, Pierce, Racine, 
Bock, Sheboygan, Walworth, Waupaca, Waushara, Winnebago and 
Wood. I traveled by rail, steamboat, stage and private convey- 
ance about six thousand miles, and delivered thirty-eight lectures. 
It has seemed just that those counties which have made an effort to 
help themselves, should receive the aid of the board of regents and 
of the state superintendent ; consequently institutes have been held 
and lectures have been delivered in those counties in which the su- 
perintendent and teachers have felt suffident interest in their work 
to meet for consultation and study. The reason why many counties 
have been neglected is that the county superintendents have held 
no institutes therein, and have not invited the agent of the board 
of regents or the state superintendent to vint their localities. 



89 

Though the oonne punned daring the past two yean seeme juit 
acd fair, and oalculated on the whole to do the most good, still that 
there may not exist any oaose of oomplaint, I propose, Providenoe 
permittiniEf to visit dnring the ensuing year, every eonnty in the 
eiate hitherto nnvisited, and to inform myself of the real oondition 
of edaoational matters hy aotaal examination of the sohools and 
eoDBoltation with the people. 

XZIV. — NUDID LlOISLATIOir. 

TowMhip SfMtem. — As stated in the report for 1868, oar first 
great want is the township system of sehool government, but it is 
mot desirable, at present, to make any advance upon the legislatioa 
of last winter. The township law is enacted, and laid before the 
people for their oonsideration and volantary adoption ; and it will 
Aot he wise to require a change until a majority shall have become 
aeqaainted with the new system, and shall be satisfied that it is 
preferable to the old one. Two or three slight amendments to the 
law of last winter are needed, and then it may be left to work its 
way and prove its worth by its operation in those towns whioh shall 
have adopted it. 

Siq>€rvU%on of Spools. — ^In about one half of the state, the 
eounty superintendents are active and efficient, and spend a large 
share of their time in visiting and supervising the schools ; in the 
other half the sohools are neglected and left to take care of them- 
selves, so far as supervision by any one from outside of the local 
districts is concerned. In many instances the district boards take 
pains to visit the school, consult with and advise the teacher, and 
encourage and stimulate the pupils ; but, as a general rule, unless 
visited by the county superintendent, the schools have bit little ef- 
fective supervision. This fulure in the matter of the supervision 
of sohools is the result of two causes ; first, the. payment of inade- 
quate salaries to county superintendents ; and, seeond, the election 
of incompetent persons to the office of superintendent. The second 
' evil is, to some extent, an effect of the first. Men who are compe- 
tent to hold the office cannot afford to take it for the meager oom- 
pensation allowed in most oounties. The county superintendent 
ought to be a well educated, experienced teacher, the equal of any 



4» 

•oe ia eharaotsr and moral worth. How ean wa ezpaet inah a 
to serre tha people for from three hundred to eight hnndred M]ar» 
per year, and bear his own traveling expenses, while in many of ^e 
graded sohools under his jorisdietion, the prineipals are paid from 
one thousand to fifteen hnndred. The eonSe9nenoe is that men seek 
the offiee who are not qualified to IBl it, or who, if they are ^nalifi* 
ed to perform its dnties, intentionallj negleet them on the plea that 
they eannot afford to labor for the eompensation allowed. Thon the 
people eomplain beeanse their schools are not yisited, and charge the 
lailnre to the system, when it is their own fank or that of the su- 
perintendent that no more is aeeomplished. The eounty board of 
supervisors, listening to the oomplaints of the ineffioienoy of the 
superintendent, try to remedy the evil by cutting down his salary ; 
reasoning that if he does not do his duty for the salary paid, he 
ought to receive a smaller sum ; whereas the true theory is to give 
the superintendent such a salary that he can afford to devote all his 
time to the discharge of his dnties. 

The amendment to the law passed last wintelr, allowing the super* 
visors to make the eompensation of the superintendent a per diett^ 
and requiring him to present a verified statement of the time actu* 
ally and necessarily q)ent in the work of his office, will, if judiobusly 
enforced, materialljr aid in securing faithfulness and efficiency on 
the part of that officer. It is oertain, however, that unless better 
salaries are paid to the ineumbents of this office, its duties will not 
be well perfonned, and we may as well not require the eounty su- 
perintendent to supervise the schools, if we refuse to compensate 
him for doing it. It is good economy to supervise the schools, and 
a wastefal policy to neglect them, and if it shall be found to be im- 
practicable %o secure supervision through the eounty superintend- 
ency, it will be best to povide for a town superintendent of schools.. 
The office of town superintendent should never have been abolished, 
and it ought to be revived so soon as it can be dene without de- 
stroying or weakening the more important one. 

Sthool Month.'-l repeat the recommendation made *ia kst 
year's report, the number of days constituting a school month be 
determined by law. Custom is now about equally divided between 
twenty and twenty-two days, and a good deal of trottble and misua-> 



41 

flerftaiidliig will he avoided by ttaking ofte or the other umber the 
itmndard. Other itates have leglilated upon the eobjeet, and there 
ii a general deeire on the part of thoM albeted by the Tarymg eoe- 
tome to hare the matter eiBttled by law. 

School Fund. — The oonditioi^ of this fnnd demands yonr eerions 
ponrideration. Th 3 greater part of it has been need to pay the war 
debt of the state, and it ia represented by " oertificates of indebt- 
edness," npon which interest is paid by the tax-payers. The tax is 
ooUected by the town treasurers, is paid by them to the oonnty 
treasurers, who, in turn, pay it into the state treasury. It is then 
apportioned by the state superintendent, and finds its way baok to 
the. towns through the same ohannds by whioh it reached the treas- 
ury. Such a oumbersome, defective method of raising a tax for the 
support of schools should not be continued longer than is absolutely 
necessary. A sinking fund should be provided to liquidate the 
indebtedness of the state to its trust funds, and the commissioners 
should be directed to invest the moneys in such a manner that our 
people be receiving the interest annually, instead of being taxed to 
pay it. 

XXV.-— OOHOLUSIOV. 

In conclusion, permit me to commend anew to your fostering care 
our system of public instruction. Important as are all the interests 
under your supervision, those of education are most vital, and de- 
mand careful and skillful management. It matters little if, through 
appropriate legislation, you shall aid in developing the material 
resources of the commonwealth, if the intelligence and morality of 
our people shall not keep pace with our economic advansement. 
The strength of the state lies not so much in the products of the 
fiurmer, the mechanic, the miner, or the manufacturer, as in the 
character of its citisens. If it be true that ** education forms the 
common mind," how important that the agency which furnishes in* 
struotion to our children should be wisely adapted to secure the 
end sought. 

It is your duty not only to foster and develop our free school 
system by every means in your power, but you should oarefully 
shield it against all attacks, either from open or insidious enemies. 



/ 



42 

In some aeotions of the ooantry deooniinatioiiel leal and skeptieal 
indifferenoe have united their efforts to nndwmine the foundation of 
onr system, and to overthrow the stmotnre now so near its comple- 
tion. Let no oonsidera^on induce you to divide and seatter the 
funds whioh support the sohools, or to essentially ohange their or- 
ganisation or management. Beform every abuse, and remove every 
evil oonnected with them ; and, so fisir as possible, adapt them to 
the real needs of every portion of our people ; but maintain invio- 
late the fundamental prinoiple that the properiy of the state shall 
educate the children of the state ; and provide that the education 
furnished shall be such as will fit our youth to take upon themselves 
the responsibilities of citiienship, and to fill with honor to them- 
selves and profit to the community any position which they may be 
called to occupy. 

Bespectfully submitted, 

A. J. GBAia. 



V 



4 



DOOUMEIsrTS 

ACCOMPANYING THE REPORT. 



/ 



! 



REPORTS OF COUNTY SUPERINTENDENTS. 



COLUMBIA. 

L. BATH, BUFlBIHTllTBmT. 

The Boboolfl have been in anceeasfiil operation daring the paet 
year ; all excepting one have had lohool five months and npwarda. 
There has been a steady increase in interest, both with school offi- 
cers ^nd parents, as is erident from the attention paid to the gen- 
eral well being of the schools. The attendance has been larger, 
and a better class of schools has been kept. 

/ 

BUILDIHQS. 

The past 'year deseryes special notice in the matter of school 
honses. In Oambria, the house has been removed to a new site and 
an addition built which adds one department to the capacity of the 
school. In Pardeeyille, a good brick house has been completed, with 
two departments, and of sui&cient siie to meet the wants of the 
place for years to come. In Lodi, one of the best school buildings 
in the county is in process of erection. This meets a want that 
has been long felt in that locality. In Dolestown, a good house has 
been built and a first class school is established in this thriving 
town. The school house at Rio has also received an addition. Six 
others have been built in the several districts where they were 
greatly needed. Others have been repaired and famished with 
oomfortable seats. If these improvements continue, a few years 
will displace all these worn out relics of early days, which have be* 
come totally unlit for use. 

rmAOHBis. 

The deaaad for % belter cUm of tfeaoheni has sever been so m^ 
gent as at the present time« Fair wages oan generally be obtained 



46 I 

by those who know how to teaoh a good Bohool. rarentg and aohool 
boards are learning the important fiMt that a poor aohool ia no ben* 
efit to a diairioty and that money paid to a akiUfnl teacher is wisely 
expended. 

In the examination of teaehers and the snpervirion of sohools* I 
haye pursued the same oourse as reported last year, tty first ob- 
ject has been to look over the ground. By letters, by monthly re- 
ports, and by personal yisits I have kept myself in oommunication 
with eyery school in the county. By this means I have had per- 
sonal knowledge of the condition of all the schools, and have been 
aUe to be of personal service to many in adyising with the school 
board ai well as the teachers. This has increased the labor on my 
part, both in trayd and correspondence, and added somewhat to the 
expense, but as stated in my report of last yearp there is ten-fold 
compensation in the benefits resulting from it. The county is large, 
and much of the work, if done at all, must be done by correspond* 
ence. 

I haye made 256 yisits to schools the past year. These haye not 
been mere formal calls, but the object has been to exercise a person- 
al snperyision ; to learn the actual workings of the schools, and to 
make such suggestions as the condition of things seemed torequire» 
These suggestions haye been kindly receiyed, and in most eases car> 
ried out by the teachers. I haye had special regard to these three 
points : order, thoroughness in study, and the moral influence of 
the schools, Without order the school is a failure. Without study the 
whole expenditure of time and means comes short of its object ; and 
without the refining influence of morality, the whole system becomes 
an engine of eyil to curse the world with its presence. In all these 
respects thero has been progress* We haye better houses ; better 
schools and a more efficient class of teachers than we had one year 
ago. And this moyement is not likely to stop. It has too firm a 
hold on the minds and hearts of the people. A noyel feature of 
my work the past year is fou&d in my weekly reports, in a oounty 
paper, of the condition of the schools as I saw them from time to 
time. In these articles I took occasion to criticise teachers, schools 
and school boards, and to make Such suggestions as seemed proper. 
Many teachers were doing good work, and they were commended for 



47 

I 

9 

it. A few were behind tlie times and standing on tbeir dignity* 
The leyer was applied, and they were lifted np oat of the rat. Some 
profited by tbe preasure, and some took offense. Bnt these articles 
were read in all parts of the oonnty, and a new interest was awsk- 
ened. Attention was drawn towards the schools, and thus an im- 
portant point has been gained. More than oyer teachers haye real- 
ised their responsibility, and the attention of parents has been 
drawn to the school room. Schools are public property, and the 
public haye a right to be informed of their condition. If the teach- 
er is a snccess he is a benefactor, and if he is a failure the public 
ought to know it for protection. 

In quitting the ground, I am more than oyer impressed with the 
importance of the common school system. Here is the right arm of 
our strength. The district school is the hope of this land ; the 
great instrument that shall Americanise the diyerse elements that 
pour in from the old world. As these widen their base the perpet- 
uity of our institutions shall be secured. Far mightier than fleets 
or armies in battle kttvj are the school-houses on our section lines. 
Children of all classes meet within their quiet walls, and, harmon- 
ised by the drill and study of the school room, together, they go 
forth to the battle of life, with one common interest. 



DANE— 2c2 District. 

D. 0. BALISBUKT, SUPIBINTBNBINT. 

One of the greater impediments to the adyancement of education 
in our State, I consider the want of proper school-rooms. Rooms 
in which taste is combined with utility ; constructed with due re- 
gard to the health and comfort of their occupants, and large enough 
for the accommodation of all the pupils. 

There are in this district, not including the city of Madison, 113 
school-houses, which, according to the report of the school district 
clerks, will accommodate 6,445 pupils. These r|ports are pro- 
bably eztrayagant, for men who haye but little experience in school 
rooms are yery prone to oyerrate their capacity ; but, supposing 
them to be correcti there are in the district 8,986 children between 



48 

the ages of four tnd iwenty, leftTiog 2,490 dependent upon ihem* 
aelyee or private sohook for inatmotion, and thia in the half of one 
eounty; and, taking the State at large, would leaye the inunenae 
nnmberof 116,621 unprovided for. 

Of the 113 honaea in thia diatriot* there are very fev, eyen were 
they of anffident oapaoity, really auitable for aohool rooma. Many 
of them are oharaoteriaed by nnpainted, weather-beaten aidea^ 
amoke-blackened walla, floora through which the winter winda poor 
a furiona yentilaiion oorrent, deskaon which the '* Yankee" boy 'a 
ever boay pocket knife haa achieved wondera ; a diminntive black- 
board atnck up behind the teacher's deak, and for which hia back 
furniahea an excellent eraaer, and a maty old atove, with here and 
there a brick to protect the floor from imperceptible heat. 

Thia ia not the rule by any meana, for there are many diatricta in 
which good taste, refinement and the love of education have tri* 
umphed over aelfishneaa, and rooma neat, oommodioua and cheerful 
offer homea to all who come. Still, it ia my opinion if one*third» 
at leaat, of the buildinga termed aohool-houaea ahonld be burned to 
the ground, it would be a poaitive benefit. 

From my experience in viaiting achoola, I have arrived at the aame 
concluaion as many other auperintendenta, that great efforts should 
be directed to the organisation and austaining of ** town teachera' 
aaaociations" as a means of instruction. Teachers ahpnld be 
brought together often, and their views on every subject pertaining 
to achools exchanged ; methods of teaching iUustrated, aqd perplex* 
ing questions diacussed. More activity, ^eal and ambition would 
be created, and an advance made. * 

The examinations during the year have been well attended, and 
198 certificates granted, of which five were first grade and ten 
second. 



DODGE— Fetf Dittriei. 

LOUNZO MUBILL, SUPlBHrTMNDUT. 

In submitting my report for the current year, it givea me pleaa* 
ure to be abl« to atatci that we are making improvement in every- 



49 

tUng relating to onr commoD sobools. This distriot has 9,000 
ohildren over four and mider twenty years of age, showing an 
increase of 828 within the year. Our school houses are Talned at 
97,275 more than they were last year, owing to repairs and new 
buildings, while the sites are materially enhanced in yalae by being 
enlarged and otherwise improved. The number of days that schools 
have been taught by qualified teachers has reached 1,462 in excess 
of the number reported last year. The number of days' attendance 
at school is 89,719 greater than last year. These matters show, to 
some extent, that our people are eyinoing a greater interest in the 
education of their ohildren. Since my last report, I have visited 
171 schools and have labored to make these visits of some practical 
value. To this end I have examined the scholars in the various 
branches taught in school and have endeavored to create a greater 
interest in their studies by pointing out the importance of having a 
good substantial common school education, as a means of future 
happiness and success in life. I have also made it an object to 
point out to teachers the nature of the responsible duties devolving 
upon them, and to encourage them to greater faithfulness in their 
discharge. 

While the schools of this district are far from being perfect, they 
will compare favorably with those in any other locality. 

The schools in the villages of Fox Lake, Juneau, Waupun, Dan- 

vOle, Lowell and many other smaller places, are making constant 

improvement. The teachers in these schools are p^id liberally for 

their services, but the people require them to som every cent that 

. they receive. 

Our last annual institute was held in Beaver Dam, in October. 
It was one of the most profitable ever heldjin the county. Presi- 
dent P. A. Ohadbourne, of the Wisconsin University, Prof. B« C. 
Spencer, of the Commercial Oollege, Milwaukee, Miss Wadsworth, 
of Wayland University, Prof. Trask, and many others, were pres* 
ent and contributed materially to the success of the occasion. 

Prof. R. 0. Spencer has afforded me much support and encouT'- 

agement in my efforts to deviate the standard of penmanship in our 

district schools. Our teachers are regularly examined in this branch^. 
4 Sup. Pub. Ln. 



60 

by printed questions as in any other, and are required to teaoh it 
systematically. 

I have held 14 publio examinations, and granted 247 certificates. 
Of these, 73 were granted to males, and 174 to females. 

Of the certificates issued, as before stated, two were of the first 
grade, seven of the second grade, and the balance of the third 
grade. 



DOOB. 



BUVUS H. WRIGHT, SUPIBINTBHDXNT. 

Our population and wealth are slowly increasing, and there is as 
much interest manifested in' the cause of education as last year. In 
a few districts there is an improvement, but there is much room for 
more, in the construction and ventilation of school-buildings and 
their furniture and surroundings, as well as in other matters. Our 
■teachers are mostly young persons, the terms of school are short, 
and teachers are often changed ; text-books are not uniform and are 
scarce in many districts. A law authorizing the district board to 
furnish them is the only effectual remedy that I can imagine* But 
what we most need is a liberal spirit on the part of patrons ; a dis- 
position to appropriate liberally for the best appliances for the work. 
Our teachers' institute and other efforts in the same direction' have 
had a good effect upon some of our teachers, and we would that 
all of them were as much in love with their vocation as its honorable 
character deserves, and would strive te perfecc themselves in acquir- ^ 
ing the best methods of accomplishing its ends. From the annual 
reports of eleven towns of this county, I derive the fact that 34 
per cent, of those persons to whom school privileges belong, have 
not attended school during the year, and of the 66 per cent, who 
have, there was a loss of 53 per cent, of their time by non-attendance. 
This IS a crying evil, and, as I believe, demands legislation of some 
kind as a remedy. If the the education of children is of so much 
importance as to justify the taxation of all property for its support, 
then, surely, it would* seem not too much if the tax-payer should 
demand that the children of the State should not be deprived of its 



61 

benefits by tbeir own oftrelessnefls or tbe indiferenoe of tbeir 
parents. 

School visitations baye been more general and thorongb during 
tbe past year ; teaobers baye reported quite regnlarly, and an ab- 
stract of tbeir reports baa been published in tbe county paper, 
monthly, together witb a list of suob scholars as baye been perfect 
in recitation, regular and punctual in attendance, and baye not 
deseryed a reprimand during the montb. 



DUNN. 

H. W. BUSHNSLL, SUPIBINTINDIMT. 

Dunn county has been, until quite recently, frontier territory, 
and is stiU sparsely settled. The cause of education has, howeyer, 
receiyed considerable attention, and tbe interest of the people 
therein seems to be emphatically concentrated on the common ' 
school system. We report no priyate or incorporated schools. Tbe 
determination of tho people seems to be strengthening to so eleyate 
the common schools as to make none others necessary, until pupils 
are fitted to enter upon a collegiate course. District boards are b^ 
^nning to ask for teachers bolding second or first-class certificates, 
and tbe good results are already apparent. Teachers are ambitious 
for certificates of a higher grade, and are qualifying themselyes to 
obtain them. We obserye a growing fireedom from the *' text-book 
bondage " and a more general apprehension of tbe idea that study 
bas for its object tbe awakening of thought as well as tbe acquire- 
ment of information. 

Gonsiderable improyement has been made in the school bouses of 
tbe county. Many are built of logs, and yet are made quite com- 
modious and comfortable. Tbe new frame buildings, in the older 
districts, are creditable, and adequate to the wants of the people. 
Those at Bau GaUe and near Downsyille deserye especial mention. 
Tbe school bouse at Menomonie, reported last year as costing 
yi&f 000, bas been improved and furnished, at an expense of (1,000 
more. An able corps of teaobers has been employed, and tbe people 
consider tbeir heavy taxes a good investment The Teachers' Lif 



&2 

stitnte of last spring, under the direction of B. Graham, Esq., 
awakened great interest among teachers and oitisens, and frequent 
inquiries are made for more of the same sort. 



EAU OLAIBE. 

WM. H. LOOKWOOn, SUPflBINTlRBSNT. 

In transmitting my report I may he permitted to say that I have 
Btriven to make it as accurate as possible. Statistics are valuable 
only as they are accurate ; otherwise, nothing more false than they. 
The ideal accuracy, however, it has been in my power to attain. 
District clerks are in many cases indifferent, and some treasurers^ 
judging by their financial returns, are, to say the least, very care- 
less. I have labored to approximate correctness as closely as I 
could, but still feel that the conclusions drawn from many of the sta- 
tistical returns would not be safe criteria on which to base very 
heavy interests. It may be said, deprecatingly, that these district 
reports are correct in the essential points. This may be the case ; 
but we know if figures do not tell the truth, their falseness is neither 
a mathematical point or lero. 

The schools are, in the main, flourishing. Zeal for education on 
the part of those whose duty it is to promote it, has diminished 
only where it can be said never to have been very exuberant. 
Many new districts have been formed, and, as will necessarily be 
the case in this new country, more must be organized. These new 
districts have needed a full measure of instruction and advice. 
They are apt to get snarled up in the beginning, and it requires 
often much patience to unravel the difficulty. A superintendent 
finds himself, at least here, of little use. 

There is still an indifference on the part of districts in furnishing 
outline maps or other material that seems really needful for the 
comfort of ihh school and the working power of the teacher. A 
school house, desks and seats, plus a blackboard, equals all require- 
ments. 

The teachers are, many of them, young and inexperienced, chang- 
ing their plaees every term, and are thus tempted to take it as 



68 

easfly as possible. Too many of them teach by rote. It may be 
Baidi however, that there haa been a gradual change for the better. 
The majority of our teachere are females, and as the cherished crisis 
of their hope is not in school teaching, we may not expect an over- 
whelming improvement, unless a law be passed forbidding them to 
marry. 

POND DU LAO. 

D. B. LTON, SUPB&ZNTaHDSNT. 

The number of teachers required to teach the schools of the 
county is 219, and the number actually employed during the year 
has been d46. * 

The average wages of teachers, throughout the county has been 
for males 43 dollars, and for females 29 dollars per month. But 
few counties, if any, can show a higher avarage of wages, and I 
believe that our teachers are generally well satisfied, in consideri^ 
tion of the times and the prices obtained for the staple articles of the 
county. 

There has been a larger number of applicants for teacher's cer- 
tificates during the past year, than in any previous year ; and as a 
rule the persons who have been licensed and employed as teachers 
have comprehended better the nature and dignity of their calling, 
and have exhibited a commendable ambition to raise themselves and 
their schools to a higher standard of excellence. 

My theory, against which I have anxiously looked for objections, 
has been that the principal improvements and reforms, as it respects 
our educational system, are to be mainly reached through the efforts 
of our teachers. In many instances they are and must be the mis- 
sionaries for good in localities where schools and scholarship are but 
slightly regarded ; an^ I take occasion here to call your attention 
to the importance of the work with which they are entrusted, and to 
renew the suggestions of last year, vii : that such teachers as shall 
be recommended as having labored faithfully. and efficiently for ten 
full terms in the county, be entitled to receive from the hands of the 
supervisors, a special certificate as a token of public gratitude, and 
as a proper incentive to honorable exertion. 



54 

There are two or three other topios of general interest to the 
flohools of the county, upon which I venture Bome brief remarks in 
the hope that they may be deemed timely as they certainly are 
kindly intended : 

TAXATION rOB IDUOATIONAL PUBPOSBS. 

The question of taxation for building school houses, and providing 
ample facilities for common school education, is often the fruitful 
source of divisions and sharp contentions in some districts. 

In the same community, it not unfrequently occurs, that one 
man has wealth and no echool children, whereas other men have 
children 4Lnd no wealth ; and the interest felt in our common schools 
by these parties has%een very nearly in proportion to the direct 
benefits to come from thence to their own households. 

It would not be reasonable to expect any great change in this 
state of things until the public mind shall have become so enlarged 
and liberalised as to perceive that the real wealth of a community 
lies not so much in the richness and extent of its lands or the num' 
ber of its blooded beasts as in the virtue and intelligence of its 
children. 

The children of the entire community^ so far as their proper care 
and education are concerned, should be regarded with almost as much 
interest as though they were members of our own households. 

In a little while, as soon as they shall reach the lawful age, they 
are to become our children, and, as a community, we will be oblig- 
ed to receive them and become their real sponsors and godfathers 
for life. 

Society will have no option in this matter, or power to choose 
between the. worthy and the worthless materials of which it is to be 
composed. It cannot say to any parent, " You must take back 
again and provide for these ignorant and troublesome beings you 
have brought into the world and finally thrust upon us. We have 
no use for them, we never bargained for them, and we protest 
against being disgraced and disturbed by them ; " but, whether wiU- 
iog or unwilling, society will be obliged to receive them, precisely 
as they come to us from the tutelage of their parents, and not only 
become responsible for their behavior for the future, but accord to 



65 
ihem eveTj right that humanity claims to itself of liberty, eqwUitg 

There are considerations, therefore, why society should choose to* 
adopt a liberal policy in proyiding for the proper education of its 
children, or else it wiU most likely be ashamed of them hereafter, 
and have a world of trouble in the matter of taxation which will be 
required to foot their bills. 

SOaOOli 60YJBHM1VT, 

I regret to say that a mistaken opinion' prevails in some parts of 
our county in regard to the nature and extent of school authority. 
Serious doubts have arisen in the minds of parents as to whether 
teachers had the right to punish, and corresponding doubts in the 
minds of children as to whether they were obliged to obey. Tha 
law of kindness, so excellent in its proper tltoe, has been so magni- 
fied in the minds of some, as to exclude from their view all other 
laws, and allows no room for the exercise of ihe virtues of respect 
and obedience. Any chastisement by the teacher, however mode- 
rate, in some cases is thought to be a high crime and misdemeanor 
by the pupil, and sometimes by the parent more than by the pupil; 
and either the teacher is called to account before some legal tribui^ 
al, OT else a more quiet way is adopted of undermining and dismem- 
boring the school. 

All of our teachers who, are charged with the duty of maintaining 
order and discipline in their school rooms, as well as that of impart- 
ing instruction, should exercise great discretion in- every act of 
school discipline and punishment. No punishment administered in 
the moments of petulance or passion ever resulted in good. And 
neither the law nor public opinion will justify the teacher for any 
act of inhumanity or any violent abuse of a pupil whereby his life 
or health is endangered. 

In our state it becomes the duty of school officers to mdce the 
general rules and regulations for the government of their schools, 
and to suspend or expel any pupil from the privileges of the school 
who refuses to submit, or whose influence is demoralising to the 
. other seh(»lars. But practically, and in almost all the districts, it 
ia left with the teacher to fix and define his rules, and to execoise 



56 

Bttoh disoipline in the school room as would be right and proper for a 
parent to exercise in his own household ; and unless he have the 
disposition and ability to do this with the assistance^ to be claimed 
at any time, from the school board, he should immediately retire 
from the school room, to give place for a more active and offioient 
successor. 

It is highly important that all persons, both young and old, in a 
community, should understand that authority and law mast prevatl 
in the school room as well as in the household and nation ; and that 
the nation and household will be endangered whenever our children 
are left without discipline to grow impatient under the restraints of 
authority and law. 

KILIOION IN THl SOBOOL BOOM. 

The law of our stat^ stiictly prohibits from our public schools 
aU instruction of a sectarian character, and it is not difficult for all 
to perceive the wisdom and necessity of this law. But so long as 
we have any claim to be called a christian nation, it is proper at all 
times that the existence of God and His providential care of His 
creatures should in some way be recognized in the school room. And 
hence the custom, which l^as been observed by many of our teachers, 
of bowing the head in silence or audibly repeating the Lord's 
Prayer, as an opening or closing exercise of school, is not only no 
violation of hiw, but should, as I believe, receive the sanction and 
approval of all classes of the community. It is the business of 
education not only to enlarge the human intellect, but it must deal 
largely with the emotions and affections of the yonng, watching with 
close attention the first appearance of pride, anger, deception, and 
their kindred vices, with a view to eradicate them, and it must also 
seek to arouse in the soul a love of truth, of justice and every 
noble virtue. If this be the work of our popular system of educa- 
tion, there can be no right instruction apart from moral or religious 
instruction, and our learning, as well as our legislation, should re^ 
oeive the sanction of religion, or our labor and our money are ex- 
pended in vain. 

VIStTINO SCHOOLS. 

Another, and final topic, to which I desire to call attention, haa 



67 

reference to the duty, on tbe part of parents, of visiting aad in- 
specting the schools. There is a false and pernioions something 
pervading the pnblic mind in regard to schools and school teachers, 
which removes them too far from onr attention and sympathy. We 
watch them closely enough from the outside, but we do not venture 
upon any near inspection or intimacy. We have but very little 
knowledge of the real work and worth of the teacher excepting 
what we obtain through lines of communication with which we 
choose to be content, rather than undergo the fatigue of personal 
investigation. 

What then are our schools ? And what is the relative position 
of OUT teachers in respect to ourselves ? 

In most respects our schools are only graded nurseries, but a step 
removed from the nursery at home. And our teachers should not 
be regarded as serving in the capacity of hirelings for the reward 
they receive from the public fund, but as co-workers with parents in 
the most important of all duties, that of rearing and educating the 
young. They assume those duties of instruction which parents 
generally are glad enough to be relieved from, and which, in most 
cases, they have not the time nor the inclination to perform. 

Teachers, then, are entitled to our gratitude. And, from the 
nature of the relationship between ourselves and them, there 
should be the most cordial friendship and sympathy. We should 
visit them in their school rooms ; we should welcome them to our 
homes ; and consult with them freely in reference to the improve- 
ment and conduct of our children. 

Let us learn to esteem our public schools as the most valued in- 
stitution of our land. Let us regard them as containing the 
choicest of our earthly treasures, vis. : our children and the hopes 
we have in the coming age. In proportion as we estimate them and 
seek to improve them, so will be their capability of conferring 
greater benefits upon us and of promoting the welfare and happi- 
ness of society. 



68 



OBEEN, 

D. H. MORGAN, BUPIRINTINBIVT 

I think a ohange in the manner of getting at the reports of the 
difltriot derks would result in promptness and aoenraoy. If we 
conld have a law requiring all the district clerks to meet the town 
clerk on the day their reports are to be handed in, and also requiring 
them to bring their records, they could then get assistance, and all 
their work might be correct. As it is, it is next to impossible for 
the town clerks to do anything with some of them, except to guess 
at them. Then let the town clerks meet the superintendent on a 
specified day, and they can then get the whole thing in good shape 
and correct. If it is thought too much trouble for the clerks, let 
the towns be taxed to pay them. There is too much guess work 
now. The town clerks guess at the reports they receive, and the 
superintendents have to do some guessing, or they get better reports 
than some I have received. 

Of one more thing I wish to s^eak. We are required to hold at 
least one Teachers' Institute in each year, but there is no law re- 
quiring any teacher to attend. It doesn't seem unreasonable to re- 
quire the attendance of all teachers, making the loss of their licenses 
a penalty for non-attendance. There is really much more practical 
benefit derived from well conducted Institutes than from school vis- 
itation. In this county there are 146 teachers required to teach 
the schools, and it is busy work to get around more than once a 
year. It seems to me as though more of the superintendent's time 
ought ^0 be taken up in holding Institutes in different parts of the 
county. 

Our young teachers lack that theoretical part of teaching that 
they can get in no other way so well as in Institutes ; but if it is 
a mere matter of choice whether they attend or not, we shall con- 
tinue on in the old way, and hold Institutes with few teachers where 
there should be many. 



69 
IOWA. 

SAMUBIi PABK8, SUPBBIVTSNDBNT. 

Iowa oonnty oontains a population of about 24,000, embracing 12 
town and 122 Fohoolfi, and 10,040 obildren between the ages of four 
and twenty. About 73 per cent, of this number haye attended the 
public Bohoole some portion of the t)me during the year. Perhaps 
three or four hundred of the balance haye attended private Bchoolsy 
or schoolB out of the county. Our reports show an increase over 
last year in the total number of days of attendance, number of days 
sobool has been taught, amount expended for teachers' wages, and 
for all school purposes ; and, in every respect, I believe, our schools 
are in a prosperous condition. 

For the summer term only 10 male teachers were employed ; in 
the winter term there were 59 males and 73 females. Average wa- 
ges for male teachers, $45.65 per month ; average wages for female 
teachers, (27. 19 per month ; total amount paid for teachers' wages, 
S31.955. 

Since my last annual report, I have visited all the schools in the 
county, except two, which were not in session at the time. At 
these visits I have usually conducted the school exercises, examined 
the scholars in as many branches as time would permit, and made 
such remarks and suggestions upon general management and meth- 
ods of teaching as the circumstances or occasion seemed to require. 
Although to me a winter of persevering labor, in all conditions of 
weather, I am satisfied it has not been altogether without good re- 
suits. At no previous time have I observed so much interest man- 
ifested among the people generally in relation to the condition of 
our schools, as at the present. 

During the year I have held 17 public examinations, at which 
there were 285 applicants, of which number 195 received certifi- 
cates, including those which were given for six months. Believing 
that properly conducted public examinations are themselves a means 
of instruction to teachers, I have endeavored as much as possible to 
prevent irregular and private examinations. I have frequently hsd 
applicants who are too young, or who do not expect to teach, but 
desire the benefits of the drills and exercises in the various branches 



60 

whicli the examinations afford. 1 have not objected to, bat rather 
enoonraged, sach examinations. In all such cases their papers are 
earef ally examined, and their standing given, in blanks prepared for 
the parpose. 

Besides those in the city of Mineral Point, there are three graded 
schools in the coanty, vis : in Bodge viUe, Linden and Avooa. In 
DodgeviUe they have an efficient corps of teachers, well qualified 
and thorough, bat labor under the disadvantage of not having suit- 
able and convenient school buildings. Avoca has the best school 
house in the county, outside the city of Mineral Point. The peo- 
ple are in favor of good schools, and have been fortunate in seleet- 
ing a district bdard of public spirited men, who have taken pains 
to secure competent teachers, and who labor to advance the inter- 
ests of the schooL In Mifflin, a fine new two-story school house 
has just been completed, neatly finished and furnished, where a gra- 
ded school will soon be in operation. 

Since the opening of the state normal school at Platteville, I 
have nominated 42 candidates for admission from this county, 
most of whom have passed the required preliminary examination 
and been admitted. Many of this number, however, being active 
teachers in the county, have as yet spent only a few months in that 
institution, or only the recesses between their terms of school ; and 
thus, with commendable industry and perseverance, alternate be* 
tween teaching and their normal course. The normal echools are 
gradually supplying us with a better qualified class of teachers, 
and, through them, introducing in our schools the best and most ap- 
proved methods of instruction. Over twenty-five students from the 
Platteville school have been licensed in this county within the past 
year. And should those schools continue to be as successful and 
popular as they have been during the short time they have been in 
operation, they will soon be the source from which a large majority 
of our teachers must come. 

Our annual Teachers' Institute was held at Mineral Point, com- 
mencing October 4th and continuing four days. Prof. Allen and 
8. D. Ghiylord were present, and each assisted in conducting the 
exercises, making our Institute lively, pleasant and profitable. The 
importance of well-conducted Institutes and the benefit to be do- 



61 

riyed from them, are beginning to be understood among our teaeb. 

«r8. Many of them are young and inexperienced, and in order to 

• 

baye a clear comprehension of the duties required of them, need 
just snob training as Institutes are designed to furnish. They 
should be regarded as one of the necessities of our educational sys- 
tem, and be established upon a permanent basis. While our most 
snoeessful teachers, and those who desire to become such, highly 
prise these opportunities, many others, and those who most need 
this instruction proyided for them, through timidity or other reasons, 
fail to attend, which will eyencually result in their being pushed out 
of the ranks and their places occupied by a more energetic class > 
At the last two Institutes hold, I adopted the plan of giving certifi- 
cates of attendance to those who participated in the Institute ezer- 
oiaeH. Hereafter I propose to insert the fact of membership and at* 
tendance in their "certificates of qualifications, and to recommend 
district boards, in employing teachers, to give the preference to those 
holding such certificates. 

From a thorough trial of the plan of teachers' monthly reports, 
I am satisfied that it has proyed beneficial to our schools. It not 
only furnishes much information in regard to the condition and 
management of the schools, but it makes teachers more systematic 
and thorough. The questions proposed in the blanks proyided are 
intended to be suggestiye, and furnish hints to the teachers in re- 
gard to their records and general duties. Neither can they be 
properly and understandingly answered without exhibiting a con- 
siderable degree of knowledge of the business of teaching and man- 
agii^ schools. And the fact that the names of the best three 
echolars in each school, in regard to attendance, progress and de- 
portment, are to be returned in these reports at the end of each 
term, has a salutary effect upon the discipline of the school. 

From these reports I discoyer that the number of oases of cor- 
poral punishment is gradually diminishing ; which, in my mind, 
suggests a more enlightened state of public sentiment and morals, 
as well as better qualified and more skillful teachers ; and 1 trust 
the time is not far distant when there will be but little necessity for 
resorting to this mode of punishment, in order to maintain a proper 
degree of subordbation in the^pubUo schools. I do not suppose a 



62 

law aboliflluDg ot entirely prohibiting corporal punisliinent would 
be desirable or jndioioas at the present time ; bat by careful and 
prudent management on the part of teachers, sustained by a correct 
public sentiment, I am satisfied it might be almost entirely ayoided. 

The township system of school goyernment, enacted by the legis. 
lature last winter, and referred to the people of each town for 
adoption or rejection, appears to meet with but little favor among 
the people of this country. They are not willing to surrender the 
direct control of their schools, and accept such teachers and gen* 
eral management as a central town board may see proper to direct. 
At the town meetings held in April last, a vote was taken on the 
question, which resulted in a large majority against its adoption. 
There are many good features in the law, and it is without doubt an 
improvement on our school system. It is, however, adapted to the 
wants of more populous rather than sparsely settled communities, 
and for this reason chiefly, perhaps, such communities are in no 
haste to make the change. And while not opposing it, I have not 
urged its adoption until we become acquainted with its workings in 
other and older settled portions of the state. 

During the year I have noticed with pleasure, not only in our own 
county, but throughout the state, an increased interest among all 
dasses upon educational subjects. School meetings, associations 
and institutes are better attended, and questions of general im- 
portance understood and discussed among the people, to an extent 
greater than ever before. But while I am able to report progress 
in general, there are still many cases of districts without comforta- 
ble and convenient school houses, and district officers who do not in- 
terest themselves in procuring suitable teachers, who seldom take 
the trouble to examine their teachers' certificates, but appear to be 
as well satisfied with a district license as a regular certificate of 
good standing, provided the holder will work cheap ; and who know 
nothing of the condition of their schools by personal inspection. I 
am of the opinion that were district officers reasonably compensated 
for the time employed in official duties, many of the evils resulting 
from such carelessness would be prevented. 

Only seventy-eight out of the one hundred and twenty-two schoo] 
houses are reported by the district clerks as being in good condition. 



68 

Tliifl report upon the BohooI-hoafleB may not appear Terr flattering, 
but when oompared with their condition fonr years ' since, shows a 
decided improyement. Fonr new houses haye been built during the 
year, and seyeral old ones repaired and put in comfortable condi- 
tion. Fonr dilapidated old shells, which haye long stood in the way 
of new and better oneSi haye, within two years, been destroyed by 
fire ; supposed to be dear cases of spontaneous combustion. There 
are still a few more left, the destruction of which would proye a 
blessing to all concerned. 



LA OROSSE. 

OlOBGl PATOV, SUPIBIHTIVDINT. 

In addition to the statistical report, I take pleasure in being able 
to state that the county has made considerable progress in educa- 
tional matters ; this manifests itself chiefly in the greatly increased 
demand for good teachers. The old story, *' ours is a small district, 
and any kind of a teacher will do," is seldom heard, but from all 
quarters, remote from, as well as adjacent to, centers of business, 
comes the cheering assurance, " giye us good teachers and we will 
pay them fair wages." 

Only yesterday, the clerk of a remote district called to inform me 
that his district had yoted (50 per month for teacher's wages. 
There are thirty-fiye scholars in the district ; th« inhabitants are 
Norwegins, who begin to see that the foreign element must be 
educated to fiU the responsible places in the land. This district is a 
fair example of a great majority. 

The yillage of North La Crosse, whose school at my first yisit, 
was kept in the upper story of small store, where a female teacher 
labored for the small pittance of (35 per month, now proyides for 
its childreir a yery tasteful building, which cost, ezdusiye of furni- 
ture, (3,500 ; instead of the pine bench, so tempting to the school 
boys' blade, there is furniture of the latest and most approyed 
style. Mr. Wallace, the Principal, receiyes (100 per month, and 
the people generally feel that they haye a teacher who earns his 
money. This school is now diyided into three departments — ^pri- 
mary, intermediate and grammar. At my first yisit the usual atten* 



64 

dance was 68, now it is 210 I thinlc the present oorps of teaobers, 
Mr. Wallace, Hiss Keller and Miss Wellii, will give North La Crosse 
a profitable school. 

District No. 6, village of Bangor, has nearly finished a fine brick 
building, costing 94,500. One room is now fhrnished in an excel- 
lent manner. The site, building and fnrnitare are each and all ey- 
idence of the good sense, practical knowledge and refined taste of 
the managers. Bangor, however, made a fatal mistake in dividing 
a dutrict large enough for a graded school into two districts, each 
too weak to sustain a school of high character. We hope, however, 
that this mistake may be seen and remedied soon. 

The school-house at Barclay's mill, Farmington, which was burn- 
ed down, has been replaced by a new one much better and larger 
than the old. The furniture is not what I would recommend, nei- 
ther is the arrangement of the furniture good. The desks are 
shoved tight up to the wall on each side of the house, and are made 
to accommodate four pupils, so that, should the pupil nearest the 
wall leave his seat, the three others must move out into the aisle to 
permit him to pass. This is a bad state of things, which the dis- 
trict at Barclay's mill will not fail, I think, to remedy. 

District No. 8, Onalaska, has built a new frame school-house this 
year, a very comfortable building indeed, though a little too small ; 
a fault that districts do not guard against enough. 

The town of Washington has also built a new frame school-house, 
well finished and furnished, except as to blackboards. 

During the year, I have made one hundred and thirty school vis- 
its, and am very happy to state that in almost all cases any sugges- 
tions I had to offer to teachers or district boards, were kindly re- 
ceived and very often acted upon at once. I always endeavor to get 
district boards to visit schools in company with me, that they may 
have a better appreciation of what is commendable, and of what im- 
provements are needed about the school room and grounds. And 
here let me state that I consider these fiying visits of little use. 
Superintendent districts should not be so large that the Superin- 
tendent cannot spend at least half a day in each school, at each vis- 
it. It will take this time to learn the teacher's management and to 
entitle the superintendent to criticise judiciously. If I were to 



65 

^nter npon the work again, I think I would spend one day in each 
district, and devote the evening to a talk with the people upon 
fiohool matters. 

Our county is divided into four inspection districts, and in each 
district examinations are held twice a year. As these are conducted 
without fear or favor, of course there is a little bad feeling some- 
times among the disappointed ones. Last year only forty-two per 
cent, of the applicants obtained certificates. I find it much better 
and easier to refuse an incompetent person a certificate than to annul 
one already granted. Care in granting certificates results in im- 
proved schools, and in greatly increased respect for the office of 
county superintendent. I .wish, earnestly, that the people of this 
and other counties would try the system of hiring teachers by the 
year, and thus, by giving permanent employment, inducing young 
men and women to make teaching a profession rather than a make- 
shift for the present. I am surprised that we have so good schools 
under the present plan of short terms. 

There is one evil I would fain pass over in silence, if I could con- 
flcientiously do so, that is, the bad condition of out-houses. lu 
many instances the same out-house is used for both sexes ; in others 
it is built large enough for two with a board partition between; 
while again there are a few school houses without out-houses! 
This is demoralising and beastly. District boards have promised a 
better state of things in this respect, next term, and I sincerely 
hope that my successor in office will find these promises fulfilled. 

Although much has been done, much more remains to be done in 
our county, by the school districts. Onalaska should have a good 
graded school, and probably will have soon. West Salem is very 
much behind, the people being divided between the academy and 
district school, thus leaving both in a sickly condition, 1 think, 
however, they will soou learn that academies are the outgrowth of a 
high order of graded schools, and that the true academy never quar- 
rels with the district school for patronage. 

Before doang this report, I would say that though I have per- 
formed oonsideraUe labor, I have not done by any means so much 
«8 1 might have done. I could not afford to give my whole time for 
the salary paid— #600 per year. The county board has, however, 
6 Sur. pQB* In 



66 

raised the salary to 9 800, a atep in the right direotioo, whioh will 
procure more labor for the next term. 



MARATHON. 



THOMAS ORIINB, 8UPKRINTBND1NT. 



In addition to the annual report, I have much pleasnre in saying 
that there is a marked improvement in all the schools in the. county. 
Considerable interest is manifested in all the districts to procure 
teachers fully competent to teach all the branches of education 
which the law requires. The fall examination held in connection 
with the teachers' institutes, shows a decided improvement on the 
part of teachers. 

During the past year six districts have supplied their schools with 
Perce's magnetic globes ; four districts with full sets of Ouyot's 
small wall maps ; and eighteen districts with Ouyot's large wall 
maps of the United States, and two with maps of North America. 
Also, during the year, two new districts have been organised : 
No. 4, town of Maine, and No. 5, town of Wausau. In the former 
a good log school-house has been built, and school commenced. In 
the latter it is intended to build soon. There are in the county ten 
good frame and thirty-four good log school-houses, and four that 
need repairing. 

The number of my visits, as reported in the abstract, amounts 
to forty-eight, whereas, I have in all made sixty-eight. Four of the 
schools I have not been able to visit, on account of the badness of 
the roads, caused by the tornado which passed over this part of 
Wisconsin. 

On the 28th and 29th of December, an institute was held in the 
village of Wausau. There were twenty-six teachers in attendance, 
and all were pleased and interested. The exercises were conducted 
by the county superintendent and the teachers This was the first 
institute ever held in Marathon county. 



67 



MABQtJBTT£. 

A. BOTHTON, flUPBBINTJNDSNT. 

I herewith submit the following brief report of the oondition and 
prospects of the schools in this county. 

SCHOOL HOnSBB. 

There are in the county, at the present time, fifty-eight school- 
houses. Some of them are good and suitable buildings, while oth- 
ers are only hovels or shanties. Yet there is a marked improvement 
in the school-room accommodations, and greater attention is shown 
in regard to properly ventilating and warming our school buildings. 
There has been a commendable interest shown on the part of quite 
a number of our citizens, in regard to the building of new houses. 
Four have been erected during the past year, and two more are now 
in course of erection. Several districts have felt unable to build 
new school houses, bat have repaired the old ones and madelthem as 
comfortable as circumstances would allow. Those who have been 
instrumental in doing this good work have labored hard and unceas- 
ingly, but they know thoy have been benefiting their children, and 
feel a satisfaction accordingly. 

Some improvement has been made in furnishing our school build- 
ings with the necessary appendages, yet they are generally poorly 
furnished with blackboards, maps, charts, &c. Some attention is 
being given to providing the proper out-buildings for school grounds. 
The people are beginning to see that the habits of the child are not 
formed in the school-room alone. But to the shame of most, this 
matter is too often neglected. In conclusion upon this subject, I 
feel greatly encouraged, and hope that the day is not far distant 
when we can point with pride to the districts of this county, sup- 
plied with warm and comfortable houses, suitably furnished, noble 
evidences of the thrift, intelligence and refinement of our people. 

OBADBD SCHOOLS. 

We have in this county three of these schools, of two depart- 
ments each. They laek, however, in a greater or less degree, that 
definite order of studies and classification on which the success of 



68 

these Bohools in a great measure depends. However I think thejr 
will improve in these respects, and it needs bnt time to produce the 
desired results. We have a few more districts in which graded 
schools should be established. I think they would be profitable, for 
it is certain that the graded system is the only one that will secure 
a thorough course of elementary training. 

TBAOniBS. 

Our teachers are nearly all females, especially in the summer time. 
A few males are employed in the winter. The former class gener- 
ally meet with as good success in every respect as the latter. In- 
deed, for the management and instruction of the pupils who attend 
our schools, I would, from observation, rather give them the prefer- 
ence. In view of this fact, I can see no necessity for that practice 
of changing teachers once in a year. Now it has been fully demon- 
strated by experience that this continual changing of teachers is. 
one of the greatest evils which befall our schocls, and I hope that 
shortly there will be a great reform in this particular. Indeed I 
can see no reason why we should change our teachers so often, unless 
we act under the idea that ** variety is the spice of life.'' Generally 
our teachers are worthy of commendation for their zealous endeav- 
ors to discharge their duty, and a portion of them are entitled to 
great praise for the flattering success which has attended their ef- 
forts ; yet I am sorry to say that but few, comparatively, have at- 
tended our Institutes. But I believe we shall have a greater 
attendance hereafter. Those teachers who prize and attend Insti- 
tutes, have greater success in teaching, because the very faot that 
they put themselves in the way to learn and improve, is in their 
favor, and what they have learned they are apt to make available in 
the school room. I feel encouraged because I can see that our 
teachers are becoming better qualified, are arriving at higher cul- 
ture in themselves, and better methods of imparting instruction to 
the youthful mind and heart. 

PUPILS. 

I can say nothing except in praise of our pupils. Of course our 
schools have been injured with the great evil of irregular attend- 
ance, but tjiose bright eyed children are not to blame. If we could 



69 

Imye seen those tears, heard those jonthfal sighs, and known the 
sorrowful thoughts of those pupils when they have been told to st^ 
at home, and thereby negleot their studies, we oould not blame 
those absent ones — no, not one. Some, too many, are obliged to 
labor under needless disadvantages. I have seen them sent to sohool 
without books, slates, eto. I have noticed them, at school, clad with 
old, torn, and thin garments, because their parents thought that, 
perhaps, good and warm clothes might be torn. I have seen them 
in comfortless houses, shivering with the cold, and trying to tread 
the student's rugged path, and I have felt like clasping them to my 
heart, encouraging them on to greater efforts, and speaking to them 
of a bright* and happy future which awaits them. I am sure, that 
as a people, we do not realize the vast importance of the trust 
placed in our hands ; i. e., the education of our youth. I hope that 
henceforth we shall all try to act well our part in this matter ; if we 
do not, our children cannot rise up and call us blessed. 

PATaoNS. 

While it is with pleasure I state that we have no unruly children 
in this county, it is with sorrow I confess that we have some very 
unruly parents. There is also a great lack of enthusiasm in our 
aohools, which would not be felt, if parents took more general in- 
terest in the matter of education. In some districts the sehoo 
board and other patrons take considerable interest in their schools,^ 
and cheer and strengthen the scholars and teachers by their fre- 
quent visits. If the above were true in every district, an ample re- 
ward would be repaid, not only in the renewed courage and seal of 
both teachers and pupils, but also in the increased interest and 
better directed efforts of the parents themselves. I hope to see 
more patrons in the school room. Such sights would be like '* ap- 
ples of gold in pictures of silver." 

GINBBAL BIMABKS, 

With one or two exceptions, the schools have been visited by thd 
superintendent once each term during the past year. While making 
these visits, he has endeavored to point out the defects, if any, in 
the tcaobors' course ; to consult with the district board ; to cheer 
op the teacher and pupik in their work, and to prevail upon the 



70 

oiBoers and other patrons to give their teacher and school (he 
tfooragement they so much desire. 

We haye held two institutes during the past year. The first, at 
Montello, last spring, was a grand suooessv with the exception of 
the slim attendance of teachers. It was conducted by R. Graham, 
Esq., of Kenosha. Hons. A. J. Oraig, State Superintendent, and 
S. A. Pease lent us their yaluable assistance ; also, delivered ad- 
dresses before the institute. And to the well directed efforts of these 
gentlemen is due in a great measure the success which has attended 
our schools during the past summer. The second, held at Oxford^ 
this fall, was a home>made affair, but it was an interesting and 
successful meeting. 

I think we need a law something like this : Requiring the dia- 
trict clerk to report to the county superintendent, within ten daya 
after each term of school has commenced, the date of commence- 
ment, name of teacher, &c. I believe a law like this would save 
superintendents unnecessary travel, &;c. 

OONCLUBIOir. 

With the experience of the p^t two years, and a full knowledge 
of the condition and wants of our schools, we shall enter upon the 
coming term with renewed hope and courage, and it shall be our 
constant aim to improve the condition of our schools, for they under- 
lie the welfare of the state, and around them cluster our hopes of 
future progress and security. 



OUTAGAMIE. 

D. J. BBOTHXBS, SU^BRINTBNDBNT. 

In this county the schools during the past year have made com- 
mendable progress as a whole. They have been in charge of ener- 
getic, and, in general, competent teachers. It has been my con- 
stant endeavor to keep the standard up, as far as possible, to elevate 
it still higher. 

The work of building, enlarging and rearranging still goes on. 
A number of good and commodioua houses have been bdilt durin|p 



71 

the year, most of the diBtriets having constructed after the plans 
«nd suggestions found in our school code. During the year a 
large numher of districts have supplied their schools with maps, 
charts or glohes, showing that the patrons are beginning ta realise 
the great benefits to be derived from our system of popular free 
education. 

There is still room for much needed improvement in very many 
districts,^ and I find it quite difficult to convince many of our inhab- 
itants (who have large families growing up) of the importance of 
sending their children to school, that they may obtain an education 
sufficient, at least, to enable them to conduct any ordinary business. 
This particular class of our population consists of men and women 
who, in early life, failed to get any education themselves, and who» 
consequently, do not realize any of its benefits ; thinking that it is 
more profitable to keep their children in the field, as soon as they 
get large enough to handle a hoe or rake, and saying to themselves, 
" I have lived in the world up to thu time, have got along very 
well without any education, and my children can do the same." I 
yet hope to see the time when the law of the state will be such as 
to compel this class of men to send their children to the public 
schools, until they arrive at a certain age. I should not consider 
such a law in the least arbitrary. 

I regret to be obliged to state that school officers and parents 
g^ve lit le personal attention to the schools, by visiting and encour- 
aging both the teachers and scholars. I consider this co-opera- 
tion absolutely necessary to the prosperity of the schools. I be- 
lieve« however, there is a decided improvement in this direction, 
and think its beneficial influence will be seen and felt. 

I have visited all of the schools once, and all but four twice, 
during the year ; have noted down my observations, regarding the 
efficiency of teachers, the attendance of scholars, and the condition 
of school houses ; suggesting to teachers, school officers and parents 
any improvements which in my judgment it was in their power to 
make, and am pleased to report that in most cases such advice has 
resulted beneficially to all concerned. 



72 



OZAUKEE. 

P K. GANNON, BUPXBINTINDBNT. 

In many respects, snob as the status of teacbers, tbeir nnmber, 
tbe different grades of certificates issued duripg tbe year, &o., the 
spooial report from tbis county would not materially differ from that 
of last year. From tbe statistical report, already forwarded, may 
be learned tbat every sobool in tbe county bas been visited during 
tbe winter term, as also most of tbose known to bave kept a sum- 
mer term. 

In some towns tbe teaobers participated in tbe visitations to tbeir 
neigbboring sobools ; a practice wbicb, in many placrs, migbt be a 
beneficial substitute for tbe institute. Wbere teaobers, not being a 
permanent body, are engaged to teacb only a winter's term of four 
or five months, the institute must be bold then or not at all. It is 
called for two or three days. Teaobers from a distance of eigbt or 
ten miles, for the most part obliged to travel on foot, (hiring or 
borrowing modes of conveyance being out of tbeir reach,) arrive at 
ten o'clock A. M., of the first day, join tne session at eleven, ad- 
journ at twelve to meet at half past one, come up to tbe president 
or conductor of tbe institute at half past three or four, requesting 
to be excused, bave a long way to travel in such severe weather, 
must keep school next day, could not think of a longer interruption 
to tbe term which must be brought to a close about such a time, no 
accommodation for stopping over night in this small place, and if 
there were, would be too expensive, &c. 

Such being the country village institute, I repeat tbat tbe visit- 
ing of adjoining schools with tbe superintendent, when teachers 
could return to their respective boarding places each night, migbt 
be profitably substituted in its place. 

The addition to the sobool code made by the late session of the 
legislature, allowing tbe board of any school district to bave a for- 
eign language taught in tbe school for one hour in tbe day, seems, 
as far as present experience shows, more calculated to injure than t^ 
benefit even the very parties intended to be served by it. 

In cities and large villages, having regularly graded schools, with 
two, three or more teachers in each, it is easy to see bow it could 



78 

be made to work with advantage ; while in conntry districts, raising 
a tax barely sufficient for a term of four or five months, fortunate 
if the limited compensation can secure the services of a person com- 
petent to teach even one language, its impracticability is equally 
apparent. In nine out of ten such cases the home language has to 
suffer, and oh I how it does suffer I The children arrive at their 
fourteenth or fifteenth year, at which, age they usuallj leave off 
school, with the most wretched smattering of any language, foreign 
or native. The teacher competent to teach two or more languages 
is a vara avis in country districts. 

In relation to the township system, the following words are read 
in circulars sent to the district clerks of this county, last August, 
from this office : '* You will please call the attention of the elec- 
tors of your district to that amendment to the school law, passed 
by the last legislature, which provides for a township system of 
school government, in order that at the fall election it may be yoted 
on understandingly." 

Four new school houses, of brick or stone, have been built with- 
in the year ; two have been enlarged, while others have been sup- 
plied with elegant and commodious furniture. 



PEPIN. 



aiO. VAV WATSBS, SUPIBINTXNDIIIT. 

Though still below what they should be, the schools of Pepin 
county are on an average in a flourishing condition. This general 
prosperity may be attributed to several causes ; the first of which, 
and standing prominent, is the holding of Teachers* Institutes for 
two years in succession, under the supervision and management of 
some of the best educators of the state ; and still further aided by 
the presence of the State Superintendent of Public Instruction. 
These Institutes, conducted on the normal school plan, have not 
only furnished for our teachers a model to work from, about as near 
perfect as may be, but thoroughly impressed upon their minds the 
fiwt that education rightly understood is all practioaL In the seo- 



74 

ond place, and we say it without vanity or boasting, we have aimed 
to discharge the duties of county superintendent upon a strictly 
impartial basis ; having been sparing of certificates, and careful to 
grade them according to the true merit and standing of the teacher. 
Many of the would-be teachers and their firiends have, without 
doubt, considered our plan of operations unnecessarily strict ; but 
the best answer to such an imputation is the examination papers 
themselves, which are kept carefully filed for inspection in the coun« 
ty superintendent's office. In the third place, the 'publishing of 
students' standing has done considerable for the schools of the 
county. True it is that in some instances, teachers, through the 
lack of moral courage and an impartial spirit, have failed in a de- 
gree to give the correct grading of their pupils, yet as a whole the 
plan has been productive of much good in Pepin county. 

Among the causes operating against the advancement of our 
schools, may be mentioned office seeking, political scheming, local 
prejudices and neighborhood quarrels, along with a large amount of 
apathy and indifference to educational interests. Belonging to the 
same church, or the same political faction or secret organization, is 
too often a qualification that determines the choice of teachers. 
District clerks too often mistake the limits set to their official power 
and hire teachers without consulting either of the other members of 
the board — a sort of usurpation of power that often leads to dam- 
aging results. 

After carefully studying the nature and effects of county super- 
intendents' visits to schools, we have come to the conclusion, that a 
portion of the money paid to superintendents could be much bettor 
expended were two or three good teachers employed under him as 
assistants ; their duty to consist in examining and disciplining the 
poor schools of the county ; and stopping one or two weeks in a 
place, or until teacher and pupils oould be made to understand their 
duties. Such a plan, it is true, would incur additional expense 
to the county ; but the great good that would be made to grow 
from it would amply compensate for all additional expense. The 
superintendent's labors being greatly lessened, his salary could be 
lessened accordingly, and the amount deducted go towards paying 
his assistants. 



76 

All ootmty superintendents are not qualified to judge of a good 
sohool or remedy a poor one, and if competent teacbors are not to 
be bad in tbe county, it would be an easy matter for tbe normal 
sobool regents to supply tbem. Tbe above plan, or sometbing anal- 
agous to it, would supplement tbe ineffectual work of county superin- 
tendents. 



POLK- 



S. H. OLABE, BnPS&INTSHDSllT. 

Tbe wbole number of scbool districts in tbe statistical report 
is twenty-seven, being more tban in last year's report, and 
tbere are two new districts not reported, making twenty-nine in tbe 
county. Tbe wbole number of cbildren over four years and under 
twenty is 1,039, being an increase of 246 above tbat of last year. 
Taking into consideration tbe number of cbildren not reported by 
tbe district clerks, in consequence of tbeir recent emigration into 
tbe county, tbe number would probably reacb 1,500, or about 
double tbat of last year's report. Tbere are now many cbildren in 
tbe county deprived of educational privileges, not baving any scbool 
witbin tbeir reacb. 

Tbe new settlements labor under mucb difficulty for lack of 
means to sustain tbeir scbools, being mostly bomestead settlers, 
wbose lands are not taxable ; and suob bas been tbe interest mani- 
fested tbat tbey bave in some cases taxed themselves beyond a 
precedent. Instances come under my observation in wbicb a school 
district tax alone bas reacbed tbe extravagant rates of from five to 
ten per cent, on tbe valuation of property. 

SCHOOL HOUSIS. 

Three good new frame scbool-bouses bave been built the past 
year, tbe best of which was in 'Osceola village, at an expense of 
two thousand dollars. This building is designed for tlie higher 
department of a graded school, and is furnished with Atwood's 
school furniture— tbe first introduced into our county. It is now 



76 

opened for the winter term» under ohtrge of S. W. Gampbdly 
teaoher. 

YINAKOIS. 

Such is the condition of the financial etatements famiBhed me 
by the town clerks, that they can be of no possible use foi statistical 
reference, and I forbear making, any report to you on this subject. 
I would recommend that districts purchase an entire set of blank 
books, properly prepared, in which to keep the district accounts. 
This, I think, would remedy the great evil now ezLbting. 

Our teachers, with a few exceptions, have been diligent for their 
own improvement and have incessantly cared for the schook com- 
mitted to their charge. To those teachers who have been faithM, 
I would tender my sincere thanks for their co-operatiye efforts in 
the great cause in which we have had a common interest. I have 
had a corps of faithful teachers, and our labors, thank Ood^ have 
not been in vain. And now, as I retire from the head of educa- 
tional matters in Polk county, I shall still continue to work with 
my faithful successor, who so gallantly stood by me in the contest, 
bearing the standard of progress and unfurling the banners of light 
and truth. 



PORTAGE. 

JOHN MIGBAN, JB., SUPXEINTBNDIHT. 

A general interest is felt in our common schools. There is a 
demand for good teachers who are willing to earn their wages, not 
merely receive them, at the close of the term ; and I am glad to be 
able to state, that the teachers are trying to improve themselves, 
and that they fully realise the demands of the general public, and 
are determined to answer them. 

An effort has been made to raise the standard of qualifications 
and with good results. Teachers are better appreciated ; they re. 
ceive better wages and labor more faithfully for the advancement of 
their pupils. Many are buying charts to aid in teaching writing — a 
branch which must and will reeeive more attention in every school 
in the county. 



77 

OSHIBAL BUUMABT lOB OOUHTT. 

No. of children drawing State fnods 8,74V 

houses 75 

teachers to supply the county 81 

districts 69 

parts of districts 29 

examined and passed during year lOS 

Salaries paid to male teachers $ff , HI 86 

female teachers 10, 701 26 

Total $15,848 12 

For building and repairs $6,465 14 

Total expense of schools of county for year 28,167 40 

Balance on hand in the different district treasuries 8, 158 51 

SCHOOL VISITS. 

I visit every school at least onoe in a ternii and if for four months^ 
twice. I design to visit every district three times a year, and make 
a record of the condition of the school, which I carry with me, to 
refer to when I come again — approve of the teacher's methods, if 
worthy, and make snch suggestions as I deem best. 

The condition of the schools is encouraging. We are making a 
healthful progress. 

HBW BUILDINQS. 

There has been completed during the year, 

A primary ward school, In the city of Steyens Point, at a cost of. . $2,200 00 
A two-story building in the village of Amherst, (upper room un> 

finished) 1,500 00 

One in town of Stockton 800 DO 

Belmont 700 00 



GBADlD SCHOOLS. « 

One at city of Stevens Point is under charge of Mr. F. 0. 
Atwell, as Principal. He ha% five assistants. Teachers' meetings 
are held every Saturday, and we believe this school will compare 
favorably with those in the larger towns of the State. The one at 
Plover, of three departments, is under charge of Mr. E. L. Eaton, 
who has just been reengaged for another year, showing that his 
labor is appreciated. 

Our Institute for the year was held in October, 1868. ' It was 
conducted by Oapt. B. Oraham, and was a decided success. 



78 



There is a finn detemtination among the people chat the riaing 
generation shall not grow np in ignorance. Thej aak the teachera 
to do their dntj, and in many diBtricts, they have taxed themselyeB 
to the utmost limit. Knowing who will he in charge of the schoolst 
I look forward to a very saocessfiil winter's work. 



RICHLAND. 

CnOBGB W. PUTNAM, BUPBBIMTBKDINT. 

This county did nohly last year in hoilding new school houses and 
repairing old ones. A goodly number of out-buildings were pro- 
yided, and many improyements were projected for the coming year. 
In any new section of country a financial crisis is seyerely felt. 
There are but few indiyiduals with surplus capital, and there are so 
many indispensable improyements to be made, that public improye- 
yents are often deferred. Our people being largely engaged in the 
hop business, felt severely their losses. Consequently but few pro- 
jected improyements haye been completed. A good brick house is 
being built at Richland Center, which will be completed next 
season. 

But one town in this county has made any effort to adopt the 
** township system of school goyernment." That town (Richwood) 
adopted it last spring, with a yery light yote, and they are hardly in 
working order, as the friends of the system meet with strong oppo- 
sition. 

A majority of the people of this county haye ever been opposed 
to the county superinteiident system, for the reason that it costs 
more than the old inefficient town superintendency. They over^ 
look the good that we have derived f^m the change, in haying 
annual institutes and other means which have very much elevated 
the standard of qualifications of teachers, and rendered to our 
schools a permanent good. Consequently they look upon the adop- 
tion of the'township system with distrust, fearing that it may add 
a few dollars to our county expenses. 



79 
ROCK— 1«< D%$triei. 

J. W. HABKIB, BUPBRIllTBirDBNT. 

My animal report is very imperfect, but as complete as I could 
make it, from the materials at hand. The great difficnlty lies in 
the incompleteness and errors of the reports from district clerks. 
Some O'n^ging from what town clerks say, and from their reports), 
are not itemized at all, and very few of them give correct footings 
and balances. Consequently but two town clerks' reports that have 
come into my hands give accurate footings in the "totals" and "bal- 
ances." It is impossible to find the errors from the town clerks' 
reports, because they arise from errors in those of the district clerks. 
I have endeavored to give as truthful a stat^s^ent as possible under 
these circumstances. 

It has seemed to me, in all my connexion with school matters 
that we greatly need a law by which district officers shall be 
fairly paid for their expenditure of time and lahor in attending to 
the business of the district. I think that we can hardly expect dil- 
igent attention to the affairs of the district by men who, while they 
aro thus engaged, are, in the great majority of cases, compelled to 
neglect their own business proportionally, and so incur personal 
sacrifice. It aeems to me that the law relating to this matter should 
be positive, instead of leaving it optional with the districts to pay 
their officers or not. Dutrief art not generous in thig respect 
Very few, even of the largest and most wealthy, pay their officers a 
dollar. I am told by some of these gentlemen living in villages of 
from one to two thousand inhabitants, and consequently burdened 
with a great deal of business pertaining to the schools, that "the 
district has never offered them a cent /or their services, or ever re- 
ferred to the n^atter.*^ Many of them are pressed with their own 
business, and, whenever compelled to leave it to attend to that of 
the public, ure, financially, losers thereby. It is not strange, there- 
fore, that the business of districts is so much neglected. In vain 
shall we ask for full and accurate records, prompt and explicit re- 
ports, until men feel that they can be fairly paid for keeping and 
making them. 

Can not some influence be brought to bear on our legislature to 
induce it to provide some aid in this matter 7 



80 



ItOOK— 2<i Dittrict. 

0. K. TRIAT, 8UP1BINT1HD1HT. 

In oomplianoe witb yonr request, I transmit to yon the following 
special report. 

This county is divided into two superintendent districts, denomi- 
nated respectively Superintendent Districts Nos. 1 and 2. The 
latter is aomposed of the towns of Beloit, Bradford, Clinton, Har- 
mony, Johnstown, La Prairie, Lima, Milton, Rook, and Turtle, and 
is the one in which 1 have had the honor of serving as county su- 
perintendent for the last four years ; and it is with great pleasure 
that I can truthfully sa/ that, in matters pertaining to educational 
interests, I think the people of this state are far in advance of what 
they were four years ago. Now, the almost universal request is, 
*' send us a good teacher, and we will remunerate him or her for 
their services," instead as formerly, " send us a teacher that will 
not cost too much, for we have a small school, the scholars are 
small, KcA .almott any one can teach our tchooV* They are be- 
ginning to think differently now, and are fully satisfied that many 
times a cheap teacher keeps a dear schooL 

BOHOOL HOUSES. 

We have in this district eighty-four school houses, most of which 
are very comfortable and commodious for the purpose for which they 
were built. There are a few exceptions, however, and one of these 
1 have condemned as being unfit for use for school purposes, and 
the prospects are that others will soon be replaced with good and 
substantial buildings. Eleven new school houses have been erected 
in this district the past year, and others are intending to build the 
oomibg year. 

tSAOHBBS. 

It requires ninety-two teachers to supply the different schools in 
this district, and it has been quite difficult to supply each school 
dbtrict with a qualified teacher for the present term. In order to do 
it I have been obliged to grant quite a number of certificates limit- 
ing them to particular districts. The scarcity of experienced 



«1 

teaclierB, und tire neoessitj of employing yonDg and inexperienced 
xmes, is one of tbe seyerest difficuItieB with which we are obliged 
to contend ; yet, in my opinion, this may be obviated, in a great 
tlegree, by supporting schools a greater nnmber of months in a year ; 
thus famishing steadier employment to our teachers, many of whom 
tsannot afford to make teaching a business, for the reason that they 
t»nnot afford to be out of employment for the length of time tbltt 
they are obliged to be» where districts have but two short terms of 
school each year. Thus they are obliged to seek other professions 
or other fields of labor, where they can obtain more constant em- 
ployment, 

TBACnSBBS' IXAMINATIOHS. 

Daring the past year I hare held eleven examinations, at which 
two hundred and five persons applied for certificates or licenses. 
Of these one handred and twelve were passed and ninety-three re- 
jected. Thb fall many have applied for private examinations, and 
to supply a deficiency of teachers I have grantM several. I think 
if there was a penalty attached to the non-attendance of public 
examinations, by legally empowering the county superintendent to 
demand a fee of from three to fiye dollars for each private examina* 
tion, such applications would become beautifully less. 

ORADBD SCHOOLS. 

At Clinton Junction we have a school of four departments ; it is 
now under the supervision of Prof. B. W. Seaman as principal, 
assisted by three competent and experienced teachers, and the dis- 
triot board expect to be obliged to employ another assistant for the 
winter term. At Shopiere they have a school of two departments, 
in which they generally sustain « school nine montjis in the year. 
At Johnstown their school house has two apartments, in one of 
which the enterprising people of that place suj^rt a private or se- 
lect school a portion of the year. At Milton, from whose college 
^emanate many of oar most practical teachers, the people, ever alive 
in educational miatters, are building and have nearly completed a 
new and oommodioos school house of three apartments, and have 
engaged three ezperienoed and praollod teachers for the coming 
year, with Miss Hattie Sanborn as prindpaL The good people of 
• Sup. Pub. Isb. 



82 

West Hilton, detennined not to be beaten bj their neigbbore, have 
raised a sufficient fund to build themselves a sohool-house of two or 
more apartments the coming summer, to be completed by the first 
of September next. Thns the work goes^bravely on. 

TBAOHXRS' IHSTITUTBS. 

I hare held one Teachers' Institute the past year. It was held 
at Milton, commencing May 25, and continuing four days. One 
hundred and thirty teachers were present, and the exercises were 
ably and interestingly conducted by Prof. R. Graham, of Kenosha. 
Interesting and instructive lectures were given by Hon. A. J. 
Craig, the present state superintendent. Prof. Searing, of Milton, 
and Prof. Kerr, of Beloit. I think that the Institute was produo- 
tive of much good to the teachers of my district 

. TlAOHnXS' BIPORTS. 

I require my teachers to make reports to me monthly, and in 
these reports to repprt the names of those pupils who have been 
perfect in spelling and deportment during the month, with the un- 
derstanding that those pupils who are perfect in one or both of 
these during the term, will have their names included ^in my report 
made in the county papers at the close of the term. This, I am 
informed by the teachers, has a very beneficial effect, and assists 
the teachers materially in the management of their schools. 

VISITATXOHS* 

I have visited each school of my district twice the past year, with 
but few exceptions, and have endeavored to make my visits as in- 
formal and unexpected as possible. In these visits I have endeav- 
ored to inform myself in regard to the attainments of the pupils, 
the progress they are making in their studies and general deport- 
ment, the fitness of the teachers for the positions they occupy, etc.; 
and I think lliat mudi good has resulted from the same. 

OOKOLVSIOV. 

In concluding this brief report, I will say» that I think at no 
time during the past four years have the people of this distriot 
manifested a greater interest in the cause of education than at 



88 

ike present ; and, except thoee who may have a sister-in-lawy a 
eonsin or some other relatiye, that they wish to have employed as 
teacher, and have been refused a certificate by the superintendent, 
all are satisfied with the county superintendent system, as compared 
with the old order of things— the town superintendent system ; and 
it is to be hoped that our future legislatures will not be so unwise 
as to wish to retrograde in this matter, but rather to go on to per- 
fect our present system, until our state shall be second to none in 
the completeness of her school system, and in the ezoellenoe of her 
common schools. 



SHEBOYGAN. 



J. 1. THOMAS, SUPBBIHTBMBINT. 



The school year closes with reports from ninety-five districts and 
twenty-three joint districts — a full report. 

One hundred and thirty-eight teachurs are required to teach the 
schools, and two hundred and nine different ones have been em- 
ployed. ^Average wages for males, (41 10 ; for females, (25 41. 
Number of pupils of *' lawful" school age attending school during- 
the year, 7,625. 

Number under four years, 10 ; over twenty years, 86* Number 
of days attendance of pupils under four years, 368 ; over twenty 
years, 1,221 1-2. Total number of days attendance of different 
pupils, 785,044 1-2. 

Number of schools with two departments. 2 ; number of schools 
inth three departments, 4 ; number of schools visited by superin- 
tendent, 48 ; number of volumes in district libraries, l,017-*-val- 
ued at $586 10 We have 6 stone school houses, 02 school houses- 
in good condition, 67 with out-houses in good condition, and 80 are 
furnished with outline maps. One school house is valued at (5,100, 
another at (3,150, two at over (2,000, four at upwards of (800, and 
four at upwards of (500. Total valuation of houses and sites^ 
(70,209. There are 12 private schools in the county, employing 
15 teachers and registering 878 pupils, who have not attended a 
district school during the year. 



84 

Total amount of money paid oat daring the year for aehool poF- 
poses, (48,405 94, of whioh amoant male teaohere have reoeiTod 
$12,507 67, and female teachers 919,687 01, while $642 23 has 
been paid oat for building and repairing. 

Two handred and eighty third grade oertifioates haye been iesaed 
daring the year, also five seeond grade and three first grade. 

Eaeh applieant is required to aggregate sixty per cent, for a six 
months' certificate, and seventy-five per oent. for a certificate ex- 
tending through the school year. This plan was adopted at the oat- 
set, and has resulted in bringing many teachers up to a high stand- 
ard, and now gives general satisfaction. To male teachers, two 
first grade, three second grade, and sixty-one third grade ; and to 
female teachers, one first grade, two second grade, and two handred 
and twenty-two third grade certificates have been issued. 

It is to be exceedingly regretted that quite a number of district 
boards, during the past year, from mistaken notions of eoonomyi 
have employed "cheap" teachers*— young persons who are sufficient- 
ly well versed in the common branches to pass an examination — and 
in many eases with much credit— but who are wanting in general 
knowledge and who need the careful training of a ''normal" course 
to fit them for the arduous, difficult and honorable position of teach* 
tr. It may be urged that the experienced and older teachers Were 
onoe novices, and that they were obliged to gain their experience in 
the same channels and at the expense of the district employing 
them ; but in answer to this we may say that now we ha%e "norm- 
al" schools, where teachers may be thoroughly fitted for their work, 
and at a moderate cost ; also, colleges, academies and high schools, 
and many graded district schools, where much may be learned of the 
-duties of teachers, and where many qualifieations may be aoquired 
that will be found usefal in the school room. 

In the erection of better school houses, and in the general oare of 
our school interests, our foreign born citisens are not only keejnng 
pace with the native born, but in most of the rural districts are 
actually surpassing their " native" neighbors in every thing that 
jpertains to the advancement of our common school system, Thit 
faet famishes cause for both congratulation and regret. 

An experience of two years in this office satisfies the writer that 



85 

ieaohem «nd purenta attaob too mnoli importsnee to scliool visita- 
iion on the part of the SnperintendeDt, and too little importtnoe to 
Institnte work and teachers' gatherings in different parts of the 
09anty for oonsultation, lectures and exemplification of methods of 
teaching. If teachers are thoronghlj qualified, schools may well 
dispense with a half hour's visit by the Superintendent. The kind 
of yiflitation most needed is visitation by parents, that they may 
realise how few of the houses are properly oonstructed, properly 
seated and kept in repair, and how much of the time of teachers and 
pupils is taken up in trying to be comfortable. 

The Superintendent has held ten public examinations during the 
year, and has examined elevon applicants at his office. The labor of 
preparing questions, twice each year for the three years, the work of 
eouductittg the examinatioas, the critical " looking over'* of upwards 
of 800 sets of papers, the saking out certificates and mailing them 
to successful applicants, the eorrespooence with the State Popart* 
meni and with district officers, leaves hut little time tof other work, 
and still it is quite generally understood that the Superintendent has 
but little to do. ^800 per annum pays for all this work, and that 
paltry sum is grudgingly given. 

After January i, 1870, this work will go into other hands, and 
we trust that ere long the public will learn that pantmon^ is not 
€cofiomy. 

An institute was held at Sheboygan Falls in July, continuing 
four days. R. Graham, Esq., agent of the Board of Regents of 
Normal Schools, conducted the same, and the teachers present were 
much benefitted. An instructive and highly interesting lecture 
upon ** True Education" was delivered by Hon. A. J. Oraig, 
Superintendent of Public Instrfotion, and Prof. J. W. Hoyt 
favored us with a lecture upon *' Educational Systems of the Old 
World," giving us in one evening as nmeh valuable information as 
we could have obtained by reading, alone, in Bcveral months. Both 
lectures were truly interesting and instructive. The institute was 
also honored by the presence of W. B. Parker, Esq., President of 
the State Teachers' Association, and several other gentlemen of 
oulture, prominently conneoted with the educational interests of the 
«tate» assisted in the exercises, and delivered lectures upon subjects 



86 

pertainiDg to tbe sobool room and to the profeasioa of teacblng; 
We think we may safely say that the institute was a snocesSt and 
that it will long be remembered as a pleasant and profitable gather- 
ingy by all who were fortunate enough to be present. , 



TBBMPBALEAU. 



S. S. LUOB, SUPBBIHTlHDXirT. 



Trempealeau oounty has sixty-two sohool distriota, the same 
number as reported last year— no new ones having been added since 
my last report. The number of days taught by a qualified teaeher 
was 8,640, bdng an increase of 1,861 days over ladt year. The 
attendance as reported by the district clerks, was much better than 
the preceding year, bdng about 82 per cent of the number of chil- 
dren in the districts between the ages of 4 and 20 years. The av- 
erage wages of teachers is less than last year, owing to the practice 
in some of the weaker districts of hiring inexperienced teachers at 
very low prices. 

THB TBA0HBB8. 

There has been a laudable ambition among the larger portion of 
applicants for a better standing and a higher grade of certificates ; 
while on the part of the smaller portion, there has been an unusual 
pressure for district licenses, accompanied by requests of district 
boards. In a few instances ** boards" complain of the law which 
compels them to hire legally qualified teachers, and to support a 
school ^^ months in the year, in order to secure the public school 
This complaint comes from new districts where the small 
a mount of taxable property makes the taxes on a few very burden- 
s ome. This difficulty will be obviated in a few years when the 
county becomes more densely populated, and homesteads become 
taxable. As a whole, the teachers of our county have done a better 
work than in any preceding year. The graded school at Trempea- 
le au, under the charge of Eben C. Smith, has made excellent pro- 
gress. Miss Carlie S. Smith, teacher in the intermediate depart- 
ment| possesses superior qualifications. Miss Delia Shepard is 



87 

teaober in the primary department. MisB May Brandenburg has 
charge of the higher department of the graded school at Galesyille. 
MisB i^randenbnrg is one of the few teachers of our county who 
design to make teaching a profession, adopting the motto "Excel- 
sior/' Miss Julia A. Crane and Miss Flora F. Luce taught the 
primary school at Qalesyille. 

TIAOHBBS' OXBTITIOATIS. 

SeTenty-fiye certificates have been granted during the year, of 
which three were of the first, two of the second, and the remainder 
of the third grade, being about seventy per cent, of the number of 
applicants. Several district licenses were granted through the re« 
quest of district boards. 

SCHOOL Honsis. 

Three new school houses have been built in the county during the 
year and several others improved. There are yet several decidedly 
poor school houses in the county, and it is safe to say that one-half 
of the benefit of the schools in the districts where these nuisances 
stand, is lost in consequence. It is encouraging to note that the 
new houses are greatly superior to those formerly built, considerable 
pains being taken to make them convenient and adapted to the im- 
proved methods of teaching. 

THl PBOPLl. 

The long list of names recorded in the visitors' register indicates 
an increasing interest in schools among the people. School boards 
and other citisens of the districts have been free to leave their work 
to accompany the superintendent to the school room» thereby giving 
encouragement to the teacher and scholars It is true there is still 
room for improvement in this direction, but the advancement already 
made is encouraging. 

TIACHBBS' IMSTITX7TB. 

The Teachers' Institute held at Oalesville, in February, was well 
attended, and was considered a very profitable session. Mr. B. 
Oraham was present, and contributed largely to the interest and 
profit of the occasion. Messrs. Smith, Whiting, Bunn, and Miss 



4 88 

Brandenburg aided in leading dasBes. Mesms. Grahans Gilfiltan^ 
Smith, Whiting, Profs. Baldwin and OilUland took part in the die- 
euBBions. Prof. Baldwin and the Rot. W. S. Wright lectured in 
the evening. Misses Shepard and Luce contributed essays. So 
far, our Institutes have been of great practical utility in establish- 
ing a better and more uniform system in most of the schools of our 
county. 

TOWJfSair STSTIM. 

Thus far no town of our county has adopted the township system 
of school goyemment. A few are disposed to view the new law with 
fftvor, while the masses view it with distrust, and seem to oonnder 
it an innovation on long-established custom and a curtailment od 
their rights. When the system is well understood by the people, it 
will probaUy be adopted. 



WASHINGTON. 



v. BieiNTUSS, SUPIBINTMBBNT. 



The condition of our public schools is again by far belter than it 
was last year, and very many good and practical improvements are 
perceptible. The teachers' institutes held in this county were at* 
tended by only a small number of teachers, but 1 hope* that during 
the ensuing year the institutes will be more attended, as many 
teachers are now convinced that though held but a few days, they 
are beneficial to them, as well as to their respective schools. I>ur- 
ing the winter term we had, in the different towns, ''town associa- 
tions.'' The teachers met every fortnight, read essays, held discus- 
sions, &o. They all speak highly of them, and are desirous to have, 
the coming winter, that same system again carried out. 

New school-houses, both comfortable and healthy, provided with 
good furniture, &c., were built in different sections of the county, 
and contracts for new ones to be built next summer, are already 
made ; and this proves that the cause of public instruction is more 
and more appreciated, wished for and supported by the people. 

The examinations of teachers show a good, improved standing in 



89 

the different brancheB, and many teachers are preparing for liigber 
grades. 

Taken all in all, Washington oonntj has made a good, sure and 
rapid improvement in regard to its teaohers, school-houses and time 
of school terms, as the average time in which school is taught in 
the school districts, is about six and one quarter months. • 

I hope that we all may see such further necessary improvements 
made as are yet desired by every true friend of our public schools, 
BO that the cause of education^ the only true and secure foundation 
of our civil liberties, may ever continue to flourish and increase 
throughout our state and our beloved Union. 



WAUSHARA. 

THIO. S. OHZPKAir, SUPBBIVTBNDm. 

During the year, there have been erected in the county four 
school-houses, three of them very good buildings. There has been 
considerable improvement in enclosing sites with fences, and in dis- 
tricts where necessary, in building out-houses. There has been a 
large number of applicants for teachers' certificates, and many have 
been refused. In general we have too many young applicants, little 
hoyi and girU, fourteen or fifteen years of age. We have, how- 
ever, granted to persons fifteen years of age only two certificates- 
limited third grade. 

No institute has been held during the year, but instead, two terms 
of normal school. The first term, of seven weeks, was held at 
Auroraville, in September and October, 1868. Miss Mary Healey 
successfully conducted the classes in mental arithmetic and United 
States history, and Lester Stevens, Esq., the class in physiology. 
The second term of school of six weeks was held at Hancock, in 
March and April, 1869, with an attendance of eighty-nine, nearly 
all of whom were teachers of the county. Wallace Dunn, Esq., 
ably assisted us. 

Through the exertion of book ctgent$^ there have been some 
dianges in text books, in introducing Sander's Readers for Wil- 



90 

0on'8 ; Robinfton'f aritlimetioi for Ray's ; Hitohell's geographies 
for McNally^B, and^ Kerl's grammars for Clark's. We have paid no 
partionlar attention to the reoommendation of text books, though 
when consulted, have expressed an opinion in favor of the change 
to Sanders' readers, but not in favor of the other changes. 

In visitation of schools, all the schools have been visited twiee, 
many three and some four times. 



WINNEBAGO COUNTY. 



SAHUIL SHAW, SUPMRINTBNDBNT. 



Although the township system of schools has been fireely dis- 
cussed in several portions of this county, and although the people 
of one town voted upon it in the spring, and some of the influential 
inhabitants of the other towns promised to make an issue upon it at 
the h3l elections, yet it has not been adopted in any part of Win- 
nebago. I am fully convinced, from my own observation since the 
new law was enacted a year ago, that we in this locality cannot 
reasonably hope to enjoy the benefits which its framers contem- 
plated for us until its advantages are better understood by the 
masses, their natural conservatism on educational questions over- 
come, and perhaps the law itself, in some respects, remodeled. 

Meanwhile every county superintendent feels, however faithful he 
may try to be, that our schools do not receive the careful inspection 
which popular instinct craves, and which our educational interests 
demand. This is the superintendent's crippled limb, with which at 
best he can but hobble. Untess the disease is soon removed, there 
is even danger of the patient's life. The Legislature, two years 
since, almost decided to make arrangements for his burial. I ap- 
. prebend there will be constant danger of losing the county superin- 
tendency till it has been released from this serious hindrance to its 
proper sticcess ; and judging the future by the past, it is not safe 
to wait the tardy adoption of the township system as the soluiion 
of such difficulty. I am extremely anxious that something may be 
done to assist the superintendents in their visitorial capacity. I 



91 

have aaked the Bapenrisora of this oonnty to make a small appro- 
priation for saoh an experiment this winter. If my request be 
granted, I purpose to proeore the services of some suitable person 
who will visit the sohools in his vicinity before the middle of the 
present term, induce, if possible, the district boards and patrons to 
inspect with him and report to me the condition of the work in the 
various neighborhoods ; then, near the close of the term, I wiQ visit 
the same schools and observe how they compare with those which 
had received no previous inspection during the winter. The extra 
expense will be but trifling, and I believe a marked improvement 
will result. If so, the frequency of the visits can be increased 
hereafter, and the plan can be so extended as to meet the wants of 
the whole country. The persons thus engaged would do more to 
effect the adoption of a township system of schoobf than any other 
agency ot which I know, and the cost of their work will be so 
small as to afford no reasonable objection to their being employed. 

TBICHBBS' ASSOCIATIONS. 

In December, of 1868, a few teachers and myself met one evening 
in Omro, according to previous notice, and took the initiatory steps 
for organizing an association for mutual improvement. The prosh 
pects of success looked gloomy enough ; but we determined to make 
a persistent effort. The work, however, soon prospered in our 
hands. We resolved to hold monthly meetings throughout the 
school season. At a more recent period, a similar association was 
started in Neenah to accommodate that flank of the county. 
Though young, we expect to see it soon become as strong as its 
brother. The good done by the|e^has^beenrincalculable. 

Here is the notice of our last : 

** A meeting of the Winnebago'! county teachersVasoociation, No. 1, will 
be held in the High School room at Omro, on Satardaj, Dec 4, 1809. The 
following programme of exerdoes has-been prepared : 

9.80. Deyotiont. 

9.4S. Practical Phjafology. The bonee— by 0. E McStaj. 
10.80. Organization of country Mhoola^discuseion opened by Wm. Kim- 
ball. 
1 1 . 00. Receae and mudo. 

11 . 16. Writing. Glass exercise— by Miss Hattie Bunker and her pupils ; 
followed by a discussion on the same subject, opened by Nelson 
Hoaglin and Geo. MoStay. 



92 

12.00. Intermission. 

1 .00. Boll-call and responses, with olauses of tlie IT. S. constitution. 
Musia 

1.20. Programme for country schools — H. A. Hobart. 

1.00. Geography. BeciUtion by 0. T. Bright's elass» followed by a dis- 
cussion opened by L. A. Merriam. 

2.40. Becess and music. 

2. 55. How to begin Grammar. Class drill — by Samuel Shaw. 

8.80. Critic's report, and general bubiness. 

4.00. Dismissal 

*' We woold impress upon all teachers the necessity of preparing them- 
selves for the class drills and discussions, in order that the exercises may be 
animated and profitable. This will be especially necessary on the subject of 
physiology. 

^The programme has been arranged with special reference to the wants of 
country soboolH, and we urge upon the toacbers of rural distriota the import- 
ance of attending our association. Let us make the meetings this winter 
even more profit^le than they have been. This can be done, if each teacher 
will use his influence to secure a large attendance. The superintendent and 
the graded school principals will do their utmost to assist those who have had 
less experience than themselves in teaching. 

**The citizens of Omro and vicinity are espeoially invited to be present. 
Let district officers come and see if they have the " live teachers '* of the 
county. Pxa obdcb of tbi PanxDivt." 

At the above meeting, more than two handred were present, a 
large share of the number being teachers. Even many others 
would have come, but for the Saturday schools which were in session 
upon that day. I hope to live long enough to see a change in this 
respect. 

Will not facts substantiate the assertion that schools are in worse 
condition on Monday morning after they have been kept the whole 
of Saturday, than they were upon the Friday evening previous, be- 
cause of the inevitable sparse attendance on the last day of the 
week? 

TBAOHIES' BBPOBTS. 

Our teachers are required to report the items contained in the 
following card monthly. They are supplied with blanks at the semi- 
annual examination : 



98 



[JPWmt] 

TXACHIB*B UFORt 



Of Dist N«. — , Town of 

term of months, commencing 



, for the month ending 
. 18—. 



-, 18—, in the 



si 
it 


Per cent, of 
attendance. 


Oases of 
tardiness. 


Cases of 

corporal 

punisnm't. 


i 

■8 

4, 


No.of Tisits 
of teacher 
to parents. 


No. of 
classes. 


1 

M ^ 










































. 









Date- 



.,18- 



Wages per month, $• 



-, Teacher. 



Teachers will fill out one report at the close of each calendar month, and 
forward by mail to Omro. Please do not fold this card. Qeneral remarks 
conoerning your school may be sent i4>on a separate sheet of paper. 

Sam'i. Shaw, Co. Sup*t of Schools. 

[Baek,] 

UOLL or HONOR. 



Those neither absent 
nor tardy. 


Those haying perfect 
lessons. 


Thosti with perfect 
deportment. 
















1 



At the olose of oertain months an abstraot of all the reports is 
published and sent to the taaohers, showing them the ezoellencies 
and defioiencies of every sohooL This has been the means of doing 
much good. The attendance of many districts has been improved 
amazingly. You will appreciate this observation when I tell you 
that two of our teachers, in their November reports, showed, an 
attendance of 09 1-3 per cent. , based on the enrollment list, and 
counting only the actual presence of their pupils. I can most 
heartily recommend the above mentioned plan to any brother county 
sujperintendent who has never tried it. 

TIBMS OV SOHOOL. 

An effort has been made to change them, as you will observe by 
the following circular. About one^half the districts in this county 



94 

now act upon the snggefltions thereio contained. To nee Linooln*B 
expresrion, I'll "keep pegging away" on this enhjeot till many 
more schoola are lifted out of the "rat" in which they have been 
ran ao long. 

(Xrcular isnied for iht purpoM of beitu^ read Ay tU Dutriet VUrk ai th§ Anmml 

Sdiool Mtetiilg, September ntkVU^ i 

To THB UBIIIBLKD ILI0TOB8 : 

Gentlemen : I aTail mjeelf of this faTorable opportonitj to solicit your at- 
tention to something of great practical importance to the cause of edaoation 
in this county ; and believe me the motive which incites the following sug- 
gestions is the desire on my par^ that what will be said in these brief re- 
marks may prove beneficial to all our schools. 

These two truths need no demonstration among people acquainted with the 
present working of our educational system, and are accepted as axioms by 
all successful teachers of extensiye experience : 

1st. It is most profitable to the children to divide the school year into 
terms not exceeding three months in length, except in our graded village 
schools having ten months per annum, where, in order to fill out the time, a 
fall term of four months is usually practiced ; and in a few rural districts 
where a large share of the scholars, on account of approaching maturity or 
some other important reason, will not attend a summer school ; in which case, 
a winter term may be allowable. 

2d. July and August, on account of the loud demand for farm help, as 
well as for the usual oppressiveness of the weather, are months totaly unfit 
for school purposes. There are then but few pupils^in attendance, as an in- 
yestigation of your school register will convince you, and these few derive 
but little benefit during this season. Tet, I am obliged to report that the 
prevailing custom in Winnebago county is in direct antagonism to the latter 
proposition, the truth of which should be self-evident to all candid minds. 
And this state of affairs continues to exist, although our able state superin- 
tendent is strenuously opposed to it; although the county superintendents of 
Wisconsin in convention assembled did deliberately and unanimously remon- 
strate against it ; although my predecessor in office, together with some of 
the best teachers in the county and myself have used our influence and lift- 
ed up our voices in opposition to it. Kow, why is this so ? I believe it arises 
from the fact that the m^ority of our district boards are unwilling to ar 
sums the responsibility of an innovation against the ancient land-marks 
long standing in our midst, or because they are too indifferent to our common 
school interests to effect any radical improvements ; and this is no wonder, 
for all the remunerution that many of them receive for their services is only 
a sayage growl of criticism. Then what should be done ? Obviously, the 
matter rests in your hands. 



95 

Adopt ft reflolntion ftt this meeting inBtrncting your boftrd to try one of the 
plftns giyen below, and see to it that it is rigidly obeerred for the coming 
school year. I assare yoo, if yon will but make a movement in this direc. 
tion, ril stand responsible for all jast censare resolting from it I am so 
deeply impressed with the necessity for a change in onr terms of school, as 
saggested, as to believe that now, through the preseot imperfect arrange- 
ment, there is absolutely squandered, in Winnebago county, a sufficient sum 
annually to pay the salary of the county superintendent. 

To facilitate nyitters in the right direction, I shall now enter into the 
minuter details of this subject, and I crave your attention for a few minutes 
longer. Remember, in the outset, that the great object to be obtained is a 
vacation through July and August, and the formation of terms not to exceed 
three months in length, except in the two cases above specified. 80 far as I 
know, in the few districts whose schools are maintained for nine or ten 
months per annum, the j>res0n< division of the year is not objectionable, being 
in conformity with the principles (just mentioned. If you vote for an eight 
months' school, here are three plans, either of which is good. Be Eure to begin 
the Fall term early in September^the earlier the better^and close the Spring 
term in June in everj instance. 

1st. 8 months' Fall, 8 months' Winter, % months' Spring. 

2d. 2 months' Fall, 8 months' Winter, 8 months' Spring. 

Of these^wo methods, I prefer the former, which gives a Fall term of three 
months intstead of a three months' Spring term ; Autumn being by far the 
better season of the two for study. 

If joudeem U advisable to have a four months' Winter term, then take two 
months in the Fall, four in the Winter, and two in the Spring. In all cases, 
arrange such vacations as will best suit your district 

Again, if yOn decide to have but seven months' schooling in the year, yon 
can select from the three following courses : 

let. 2 months' Fall, 8 months' Winter, 2 months' Spring. 

2d. 8 months' Fall, 4 months' Winter. 

8d. 4 months' Winter, 8 months' Spring. 

The first has this advantage over the second and third, that it does not 
condense the school months ini-o such a small part of the calendar. 

Just here let me express my conviction that every district should support at 
least a sewn months' school in the year. The cause of general enlightenment 
fiUatb for it, and justice to our oflspring demmdi it If year district is too 
small to afford this, then it is too small to be a district at all, and it should 
be immediately eniarffed or (UiorgoMxed and eon9oi''dai$d with some other. 

Again, if you still tflutf< upon having less than a seven months' school, In 
the case of six months you can divide the time as follows: 

1st. 8 months' Fall, 8 months' Winter. 

2d. 8 months' Winter, 8 months' Spring, 



96 

8d. 2 months* Fall, 4 monthB* Winter. 

4th« 4 months* Winter* 8 months' Spring. 

4th. 2 months' Fall, 2 months' Winter, 2 months' Spring. 

While the 5th plan gives the best division of the year, the important ob* 
Jection can be nrged against it, that it does not give a long enough WhUet 
term. 

Again, if yon are determined to be satisfied with a fire mouths' school, that 
being the mimmum time upon which the State will allow yon yonr pnblio 
money, then by all means divide this into two terms, as follows: 

Either 1st. 2 months' Fall, 8 months' Winter. 

Or 2d. 8 months' Winter, 2 months' Spring. 

Holding a five months' term I consider very objectionable for two reasons: 
In the first place, it must beget a great mental exhaustion of both pupils and 
teacher. In thb second place, you can see, on a moment's reflection, that 
the usual condition of our weather and roads in this country does not admit 
of more than four months' eueeeagftd winter schooling. 

A few districts, having become dissatisfied with the past arrangement of 
terms, tried the experiment this year of giving a vacation through July, and 
beginning school again early in August. This was one step in the right 
direction, and I trust it will be followed by the Hccond, which will plant them 
firmly on a proper platform. If you have a spring or fall term, the same 
teacher can be hired for both, causing no extra trouble on that score. 

Whatever plan you adopt, take care to arrange for five months' schooling 
between now and the 8 1st of August, 1870, so that yott may be entitled to 
your state and county money. 

In conclusion, geutlemeo, let me say I do not expect these suggestions to 
be adopted without opposition. Fojyiem will cling to the tattered garments 
of the past with wonderful tenacity, and stubbornly turn aside from every 
every avenue of progrens, but the ideas herein contained will triumphantly 
prevail e're long, whatever may be their present fate. 

Permit me to wish you a pleasant and profitable meeting at this time. May 

a quiet hartnony be your prevailing sentiment, and a noble liberalUgf your pre* 

dding genius. 

Respectfully submitted, 

8AMTTEL SHAW, 

OomUjf BfiptfwUndeiU ef SchooU, Wmmebtiga^ 

Onto, Wis., August 28, 1869. 

N. B. — Clerks whose districts adopt the above suggestions on terms of 
school, will confer upon me a faVor by notifying me of that fact at their 
earliest convenience. 



97 



WOOD. 

Q V. WITTEB, SUPIBINTENDINT. 

During my labors in the schools of this county, for the six years 
in which I have held the office, I am now about to surrender, it 
has been truly gratifying to me to see the changes that have been 
wrought for the better, and to note the improved condition of so- 
ciety. The little, narrow, contracted shanty has been exchanged 
for the respectable school house, and where there were dense forests 
a merry group of children now assemble from day to day to receive 
instruction. Very much of this improved condition of society is 
due to the improved methods of teaching. Up to the time that the 
state made wise and liberal provisions for the support of institutes 
our schools suffered materially in this section, for the want of live, 
practical and active teachers ; and though the defect has been very 
much remedied under the present superintendeirt system, by raising 
the standard of qualification of teachers, yet there is still a great 
want in our schools, which, in my judgment, can best be met by 
fostering our institutes and normal schools. No class of persons 
will realize their necessity more than the superintendents and lead- 
ing educators of the state, for under their supervision ii^titutes 
have been held, and teachers who were wofuUy deficient have been 
almost compelled to avail themselves of their advantages, by which 
to-day many of them are among our ablest and most competent 
teacbers. Not that so much instruction has been given during this 
limited period, in the various branches taught in our public schools, 
but because the art of teaching has been taught, and its theory 
elucidated by men of wisdom, knowledge and power, so that all 
could see that a mere knowledge of books is but a part of what a 
teacher must know, in order to do his work successfully. If the 
fountain is pure the stream will be pure also, and in no instance 
will the stream rise above the fountain. 'Bo in matters of educa* 
tion. Whenever and wherever we have had teachers educated for 
ibe work in our schools there we have had efficiency and success, 
and wherever there has been a lack in this respect then and there 
would we have a corresponding lack of interest on the part of both 
7 Sup. Pub. Ins 



98' 

parent and pupil, from which we may very correctly infer that if 
half the public fund set apart for school purposes in the state of 
Wisconsin were to be faithfully expended in educating the teachers 
for their vocation, there would be much more efficient work accom- 
plished in the right direction than is accomplishel now, even under 
the present improved system, and with the use of the entire fund. 
Inestimable as are the blessings already emanating from the present 
theory of instruction, they are few and small with us, in this section 
of the state, compared with those we may and shall enjoy in years to 
come, when teachers shall all have the advantages of a regular plan 
of normal instruction, such as the state may and should furnish to 
her teachers of every locality. 



COOTTT SUPERKrTE]srDEi!?TS ELECT 

(1870-71.) 




County. 



Adams. 

Ashland 

Barron 



Saperictendent. 



Thofl. R. Freeman 
John W. Bell. 



s:S:;::;;;::;::::::: «"-?-- 



Brown 
Bufialo . 
Burnett 



Andrew Tate 
Oscar Gray.. 
Robert Lees. 
W. H. Peck 



Calumet ••• A W R- '"J 

ChiDoewa.. A. W Ha ^^j 



ippewa 

Clark ...V.V.'!!; 

Columbia * ' 

Crawford 

S'^"«'ifDist. :::;;:;:;: 

Dane,2dDi8i... 

i^odge. East Dist 

Dodge, West Dist ;;; 

Door 

I^ouglas !!!*** 

Bonn \[' * 

Eau Claire ...!!.'!.'.*.' . ' [ 

^ond du Lac ,[[[ 

Grant '/'[ 

Green "" 

Green Lake 

Iowa 

Jackson J'J * 

, Jefferson ../.!! 

Janeau .'..'*.*.' * 

Kenosha \\\\ 

Kewaunee ' ' 

La Crosse \[] 

Xia Fayette .*!.'.'!.'.*, 

Manitowoo 

Harathon '.',[' 

M arquette .....'.' 
Milwaukee, 1st Dist! .//.. 

Milwaukee, 2d Dist 

Monroe 

Oconto , . !!!!['" 

Outagamie !! " * 

Ozaukee .] 

Pepin ;;•" 

Pierce 

Polk '[ 



John A. McDonald 
S. S. Smith ....... 

John J.Lloyd. ,,',[[ 
M. E. Mumford. . .' .* 1 
T. D, Kanouse. . . 
S. 0. Coolidge ..!'. 
John A. Barney.. '.' 
L. M. Benson . . . ! " 
Rufus M. Wright 
Irvin W. Gates. .." 
Carroll Lucas. . . ! ! i 
W. fl. Lockwood. . . 
B. B. Lyon . . . 
W. H. Holford .'.'!!! 
Daniel H. Morgan. .", 
A. A. Spencer. . , . . , 
Samuel Parks, 



Post Office. 



Olin. 

La Pointe. 

Barron. 

Bayfield. 

Fort Howard. 

Gilmanton. 

Grantsbun?. 

Chilton. 

Chippewa Falls. 
Loyal. 

Columbus. 
Prairie du Chien. 
Sun Prairie. 
Mendota. 
Mayvilie. 
■Lowell. 

Sturgeon Bay. 
Superior. 
Menomonie. 
Eau Claire. 
Ripon. 

Bloomington. 
Monroe. 
Berlin. 
Avoca. 



Hosea Barns 

John M. Read ...'.'!.' 
George Paton ...*.**.'" 
William Ahern ... 
Michael Kirwan . .' .* .* .' .' .' .' 
Thomas Greene ....!'* 
Abraham Boynton! ! ! ! ! ' 
James P. Devine ....!.' 
James L. Foley . . . ] 

A. E. Howard...!.'.* 

Harding W. Gilkey .'.'!.'.*.' 

B. J. Brothers. ... 

Charles Smith 



New Lisbon. 

Kenosha. 

Kewaunee. 

Hamilton. 

Shullsburg. 

Manitowoc. 
Waugau. 

Westfield. 

Painesrille. 
Butler. 
Sparta. 
Oconto. 

Kaukauno. 

Grafton. 

Pepin. 



Prescott. 



oharie.K.Me«a:::::::;|5^;x 



100 
County SuptrinUndetUt — Continued. 



Gountj. 


Superintendent. 


Post Office. 


Fortaflre 


John Megran, Jr 

Lvman Earle 


Steyens Point. 


HftRine .......... ...... 


Houey Greek. 
Forest. 


Richland 


George W. Putnam 

J. W. Harris 


Rock IstDist 


Eyansyille. 


Rock. 2d Dist 


C. M. Treat 


Clinton. 


I3t. Croix 


E. 8. Reed 


River Fall8,Pierce Co. 
Sauk City. 
Shawano. 


Sauk 


Chas. F. Viebahn 

Z. C. Colborn 


Shawano 


Shebovflran 


Wm. B. Oady 


Sheboygan Falls. 
Trempealeau. 
Bloomingdale. 
Alleu's Groye. 


Tremnealeau 


Amos Whiting 


Vernon 


John N. Wright 


W al worth 


M. Montague 


Waahineton 


Frtfd. Regeufuss . . , 

Wm. 8. Green 

C. W. Packard •••... 


West Bend. 


Waukesha. >•■.• 


Waukesha. 


Wauoaca 


New London. 


Waushara 

W innebago 


Theodore 8. Cbipman. . . . 
Samuel Shaw 


Berlin, 6*n Lake Co. 
Omro. 


Wood 


J, Q. Emery , . 


Grand Rapids. 







REPORT-S OF CITT SUPERINTENDENTS. 



APPLETON. 



J. V. FULLBB, 8UPBBINTBNDBNT. 

Daring the past year we have made a radical obange in our 
Bcbools, and have adopted a system, in many respects similar to tbat 
of other cities. 

Old district lines have been oblit^rate'l, and one district now in- 
cludes the en tire city, and is under the direct management of a 
board of conhnissioners, elected by wards, at the same time and 
in the same manner as the other officers. This board elects annu- 
ally a superintendent, who devotes his time entirely to the schools 
under his care, and is their executive officer. 

At present we have four grades, designated as follows : Oram- 
mar. First, Second and Third. When circumstances shall require, 
a bigher grade will be added, and others of the lower grades insti- 
tuted. 

The aim of the system is to induce in the child a love for schoo* 
duties, hence, beginning with the lowest or third grade, our efforts 
are directed mainly to instil, in an attractive and efficient mauher, 
habiits of good order, attention and correct expression — developing 
the desire for knowledge as the chUd advances from one grade to an- 
other, and as his mental and physical powers gain streogth. 

We have one grammar department, thre« first grades, three see- 
ond grades, two third grades, and two mixed schools which we find 
it inexpedient to grade at present. 

Teachers' wages, terms and vacations, text books and rules of 
government in all matters pertaining to the school, are oharacter- 
ixed by uniformity. 



102 

We employ twelve teaobers and have an attendance of about eight 
hundred pupils. 

Our plan of reporting embraces a monthly, a term, and a yearly 
repbrt, giving, in a concise manner, all the statistical matter re- 
quired in your annual report. 

So far as ure can learn, this system bears well, the test of time 
elsewhere, and we hope our experience here will prove that our ef- 
forts are in the right direction. 



BELOIT. 

T. L. WRIGHT, SUPEBINTJINDSHT. 

Until recently, the public schools of the city of Beloit have been 
conducted in two distinct districts, numbers one and two, under 
the old "district system of school- government." Now both dis- 
tricts are consolidated in one. This union was practically effected 
at the commencement of the last school year, September, 1868. 
The previous district organization, however, is still maintained, bo 
far as the election of school officers is concerned and for other minor 
purposes. Each of the original districts, numbers one and two, 
under the provisions of the old 'system, annually elects one school 
officer, and thus keeps up its district school board. These two 
boards, in joint meeting, elect a city superintendent, who is thereby 
constituted president of the *'city school board," which thus con- 
sists of seven members in all. 

The entire management and* control of the public schools of all 
grades devolves on this board. The amount of funds requisite for sus- 
taining these schools, to be raised by taxation, is determined by 
vote of this board, independent of any other authority in the city. 
This feature in our present organization I regard as of vital im- 
portance to the success of our schools. No other body ot men in 
the city can reasonably be supposed to understand so well the actual 
wants of the several departments as those whose duties bring them 
most often and most intimately in contact with them. Thus the 
necessities of each department are early appreciated and promptly 
met, and the obstructions to progress that so often attend matters 



103 

of tbis kind, when gnbjeoted to the ordeal of debate in the councils 
of city governments, avoided. 

Thus favorably organized, our schools prosper, being well sus- 
tained by the liberal views and enlightened policy of our citizens. 

Our new high school building is now nearly completed. We ex- 
pect to occupy it about the tenth of January nezt. It is a beauti- 
ful structure, built of Milwaukee brick, three stories above the 
basement, including the attic elevation under the Mansard roof. 
Taking into the account all things connected with this building — 
its commanding and elevated position, its tasteful, elegant propor- 
tions and finish externally, as well as the ample, appropriate ar- 
rangements internally, I do not know where you will find its equal. 

Our schools are carefully graded, though not fully meetiog my 
own preference in the matter of centralization, because of the char- 
acter of our territory and the division of the same by Rock river. 
This circumstance seems to require the present arrangement of two 
departments in each of the general grades usually denominated, 
grammar, intermediate and primary ; while our high school is open 
for all who attain to the qualifications requisite for admission. 

Mr. Kerr, so well known as the earnest, scholarly instructor, is 
the principal, not ooly of the high school, but also of all the other 
departments ; so that these, all in their pluces, move on harmoni- 
ously, in perfect accord with his inspiration, as transmitted through 
the several teachers to their classes. 

In my opinion, no small measure of the present success and use- 
fulness of our schools is justly dae to the liberal and respectful 
treatment experienced by our teachers. 

These are all supposed to be intelligent, of sound principles, dis- 
creet, and otherwise competent for the duties they assume to per- 
form ; consequently they are not hampered by numberless restric- 
tions, "rules and regulations," in the line of "red tape," rather 
adapted to cramp their energies, curb their natural ardor, and to 
debase their self respect, than to stimulate new effort in their workr 

A powerful means of quickening energy on the part of the pupils, 
as well as maintaining general discipline throughout all the depart- 
ments, is our system of reports, embracing the attendance, deport- 
ment and scholarship of each pupil. As yet we have not attained 



104 

to that eminent degree of advancement in this progressive age, 
claimed by some of our cotemporaries, wbereby we can afford to 
ignore altogether, in school government, the experience of the past, 
and to claim to be *' wise above what is written." We still cherish 
some lingering respect for the precept of Solomon, not to specify 
Instances of personal benefit in our own individual experience, cnn- 
neeted with recollections of a less remote ancestry. It is well un- 
derstood in our schools that these powers of influence and govera- 
ment, now fast growing into disfavor with the popular mind, are 
still held in reserve for extraordinary emergencies, until we have a 
more sure revelation of some better way. 

From the regular course of study in our high school, as given be- 
low, it will bo observed that pupils in this department can prepare 
for college, for teaching, or for the various callings of business life. 

COURSE OF STUDY. 

K'Tst Year — Reading, Higher Arithmetic, Latin, Phyeical Geography, Physi- 
ology, Select Reading, Essava and Declamations. 

Second Year — Reading, Algebra, Latin, Natural History, General History, 
Select Reading, Essays and Declamations. 

Third Fi^ar—Latin, Greek, French, German, English Grammar, Rhetoric, 
Civil Government, Geometry, Natural Philosophy, Botany, Select Reading, 
Essays and Declamations. 

Fourth J«ar— Laiin, Greek, French, German, Mental Philosophy, English 
Literature, Geology, Chemistry, Astronomy, Political Scieace, Select Read* 
ing, Essays and Declamations. 



FOND DU LAC. 

THOMAS S. WRIGHT, SUPBRINTBNDSNT. 

We have in attendance upon our high school 100 pupils. The 
principal, Prof. A. E. Ross, is a teacher of much experience and 
high culture. He is ablj assisted by Miss S. E. Djer and Miss 
Catherine H. Lilly, formerly of the state normal school at White- 
water. Under their supervision, the high school is taking rank, I 
think, with any other similar school in the state. We have two 
grammar schools, one with 100 pupils, the other 40, The first has 
as principal Prof. A. A^rschner, with Miss L. Parish as assistant. • 
Of the second, Miss A. 0. Bowen, is principal. Both schools are 



105 

■ under excellent dlsoipline, and are making commendable progress, 
Prol Marsohner gives lessons in German to all in high or grammar 
schools that desire to study that language. We have three inter- 
mediate schools, with about 90 pupils in each, and one assistant in 
each school. One third primary with 84 pupils has also an assist- 
ant ; 9 third primary, with one teacher only ; 5 second primary, 
and, I regret to say, 5 mixed, first and second primary, owing to 
situation of school houses. We hope another year to be able to 
separate them, and conform strictly hereafter to the graded system. 
We have also 10 first primary schools. We have as a whole a most 
excellent corps of teachers, and consequently our schools are 
making most gratifying progress, not surpassed, if equalled, since 
the adoption of the graded system. 

Total number enrolled last year, ending June 26, 1869. 8,860 

Present number of teachers 44 

'Number of scbools 86 

Wages of teachers in primary schools who have taught less than one 

year, per month $30 00 

Experienced teachers , 85 00 

Intermediate principals.. 40 00 

Intermediate assistants 86 00 

**A" Grammar — principal 80 00 

assistant ^ 60 00 

" B " Grammar — principal 60 00 

High school — prinitipal 120 00 

1 St assistant 60 00 

2d assistant 60 00 



KENOSHA. 

J. B. JILBON, SUPXRINTINDINT. 

The eity schools of Kenosha are oonduoted by a sohool board 
composed of eight commissioners and one superintendent. The su- 
perintendent alone receives compensation for his services, usnally at 
the rate of (100 per annum. The cost of the schools is about 
99,000 per year — forty weeks school. 

The teachers' salaries for the present year are as follows : 

H. 0. DurkeCf principal $1,600 

Miss A. £. Gillett, first assistant « . . 460 

Miss Eva H. Pierce, second assistant a**' *" ^^^ 

Miss Milly S. Norton, first Grammar 600 

Hiss Kate Hannan, second Grammar 400 

Miss A. Oolvell, primary 826 

Seven intermediate teachers at |276 1,926 



106 

All are lady teachers but the principal. 

The number of Bcholafs'enrolled in the city •• •• . 1,600 

Attending public school ; 700 

German parochial 150 

Irish parochial 100 

Private schools 100 



The teachers in onr public schools are all first class of their kind, 
and scholars are making rapid progress in their studies, and doing 
great credit to themselves in the line of deportment and regularity 
of attendance. We flatter ourselves upon a prosperous school year. 
Our teachers are required to make semi-monthly reports to the board 
of education, of the whole number of pupils enrolled, actually be- 
longing, average attendance, percentage on whole number enrolled, 
number of tardinesses, faulty lessons, number of corporeal punish- 
ment, number of visitors. 



LA OBOSSE. 

N. 0. OHAPIN, SUPXBINTXNDENT, 

By the census of last August, there were found in this city abont 
2,100 persons between the ages of four and twenty. Of these 
1,200 were for a longer or shorter time in our public schools. 
Besides these, 500 scholars were reported as enrolled in private 
schools. 

The city owns but two school buildings. These will accommo- 
date 550 pupils. A third building was used last year, into which 
150 scholars were crowded. Such insufficient room occasioned 
serious embarrassment in the grading of our schools, and forbade 
their enlargement or improvement, The city has Recently appro- 
priated 915,000 for a new school house. This is designed as a 
ward school building. It is to be ready for use at the beginning of 
the next school year, and will enable us to set our schools on a 
much better footing, and give them heightened efficiency. 

Sixteen teachers were in service— three male and thirteen female 
— ^all entering heartily into their work, and doing it faithfully under 
many disadvantages. The schools were well managed ; good order 



107 

was maintained ; tbe deportment of sohoIarB was improved ; pro- 
ductive iDstruction was given, and very little corporal punishment 
was found necessary. The wages of teachers have been increased 
about fifteen per cent., on the average. No high school has yet 
been organized. The first necessity with us has been to get the 
schools we have into the best condition. The high school is also 
needed, and for that the way will probably soon be opened. 

An increasing interest in the public schools is manifested by our 
citizens, and much larger appropriations than ever before are now 
made by the city for their support. 



MILWAUKEE. 



v. 0. POMBBOT, SUPBBINTBNDBNT. 



In eluding the high school, there are twenty-one public schooh in 
this city. There are nineteen public school biAldings owned by 
the city, and two are rented. Thepe buildings will seat between 
six and seven thousand children — about the number in actual daily 
attendance the past year. The number of private schools in the 
city is thirty-seven. The number enrolled in the public schools 
during tbi past year was 11,407. The number enrolled in the pri- 
vate schools was 6,365. The number of children of school age re- 
siding in the city August 1st, 1869, was 24,494. The average 
daily attendance in the schools of the city (assuming the per cent, 
of daily attendance to be the same in the private schools as in the 
public,) was 9,316. 

It iiill be seen by an ezamiLation of these figures that about 72 
per cent of the school children in the city have attended school 
some time during the year. *This does not look as if a compulsory 
law were necessary. Yet we shall also see that only aboat 52 per 
cent, of the enrolled number, or about ^ 37 per cent, of the whole 
number residing in the city were in actual daily attendance. This 
fact shows that an act to restrain truancy might effect some good, 
if properly enforced. 

There are thirty-one male and one hundred and three female 
teachers employed in the public schools. The n^e teachers reoeivo 



108 

from $800 to $2,500 per year; the female teachers from $360 to 
$1,200 per joar The numher of teachers employed in the priyate 
schools is one hundred and forty-five. 

The amount expended for the puhlio schools for the year ending 
August 31, 1869, was $84,931. Of this amount $72,026.48 were 
expended for salaries ; the remainder for repairs, supplies, printing, 
fuel. 6co. The cost of instruction per child, estimated on the num- 
ber enrolled, was $7,446; estimated on the daily attendance 
$14,146. If we ass umer that it costs only the same price to eda- 
oate a child in the private school that it does in the public schools, 
we have about $135,000 as the amount expended by the city for 
educational purposes during the year. This amount is supposed to 
have educated 17,772 children — the whole number enrolled in the 
schools of the city ; in reality it educated only 9.316, the actual 
daily attendance. 

Any one having a knowledge of the condition of the schools of 
the city, will agree with us in the statement that $135,000 is a 
sum far below the amount actually expo jded yearly by the city for 
educational purposes. There can be little doubt but. that at least 
fifty cents out of every dollar expended is completely thrown away. 
Legislation is needed, without doubt ; not so much to compel at- 
tendance as regularity of attendance. If A must pay a tax to ed- 
ucate the children of B, should not B be requb'ed to send his chil- 
dren to school regularly, that A's money may be used profitably, 
instead of at least one half being wasted because B is careless or 
indifferent. It is only upon such grounds that a compulsory law can 
be defended. 

Teachers* examinations are held on the last Friday of the months 
of February, April, June, July, August, October and December. 
No special examinations are permitted. If a vacancy occurs the 
place may be filled with the understanding that the teacher must 
pass at the next regular examination, or forfeit the situation and 
also the pay for the time during which they were employed. 

In September, the new building, known as the Juneau school 
building, was first occupied. This building is two storys in hight, 
contains eight rooms, and is warmed and ventilated upon the Rut- 
tan system. • 



109 

The yentilation of this building is a complete snccess. The air 
in the differeDt rooms is pure — no offensive odor is discernible, as in 
sohool rooms generally, and after a trial of three months we can say 
that we have a thoroughly ventilated sohool house, which we think 
cannot be said in regard to another Bohool building in the state. 

We give below ,the grado and text books used in our public 
schools : 

QBADX OF MILWAUKEE PUBLIC SCHOOLS. 

Grade 10. — Pupils in this grade must thoroughly learn the charts — not only 
to read but also to spell the words ; to form simple sentences and print or 
write the same on their slates ; notation and numeration to one hundred; 
drawing simple forms. Oral instruction — Common ohjects, their size, color 
and more observable qualities. 

Grade 9. — Pupils in this grade must learn to read readily the lessons in 
the First Reader ; to spell any of the words in the same ; to perform cor- 
rectly any example in addition not exceeding fiye places of figures ; notation 
and DUDQeration to tens of thousands ; writing on slates simple sentences ; 
drawing iamiliar objects. Oral Instruction — Domestic animals, trees and 
prinoiary colors. 

Grade 8. — Second reader begun and finished ; particular attention to punc- 
tuation marks ; spelling both by letter and sound ; dictation ; notation and 
numeration to millions; subtraction, with an occasional review of addition ; 
writing simple sentences with capital letters; drawing. Oral Instruction — 
Wild animals, secondary colors, plants and vegetables. 

Grade *J — Third Reader begun and finished ; dictation exercises ; arith- 
Lieiic through multiplication; oral lessons in geography; primary geography 
to North America ; mental arithmetic to multiplication ; writing ; drawing. 
Oral Instruction — Trades, tools and materials ; divisions of time. 

Grade 6. — Fourth Reader as far as lesson forty; dicfation exercises; arith- 
metic through division; primary geography to South America; mental 
arithmetic to parts of numbers; writing; drawing. Oral Instruction — Parts 
of the body ; five seasons ; kingdoms and nature. 

Grade 6. — Fourth Reader finished; arithmetic to fractions; primary geo* 
graphy finished ; mental arithmetic to fractions ; map drawing ; writing ; 
spelling, oral and from dictation. Oral Instruction — Air, light, heat; agri- 
cultural and mineral productions. 

Grade 4.~ Fifth Reader to lesson fifty ; arithmetic to ratio ; mental arith- 
metic through fractions; grammar to verbs; intermediate geography to 
South America ; map drawing and drawing lessons; composition; writing. 
Oral Instruction— Biography, (national); solar system. 



110 

Qradfi 8.— Fifth Reader finished; Arithmetic to alligation ; Mental Arith- 
metic completed ; Grammar to syntax ; Intermediate Geography completed ; 
spelling, oral and from dictation ; declamation ; composition ; writing ; draw- 
ing. Oral Instruction^Biography, (foreign). 

Qradt 2. — Arithmetic completed ; Geography reyiewed ; Hap drawing 
from memory; Grammar finished; History to Washington's administration; 
declamation ; compo»ition ; drawing ; writing. Oral Instruction — Bones and 
muscles; digestive organs. 

Oradt 1.— Hi<;her Arithmetic; English analysis; Physical Geography; 
History completed ; Algebra through simple equations; declamatjone; com- 
position; drawing; writing. Oral instruction — Respiration and circulation; 
nervous system. 

GERMAN ORABX. 

Qradt 9. — Reading from charts; writing small letters. 

Orade 8. — First Reader; writing capital letters. 

Grade 7. — First Reader; writing words. 

Grade 6. — Second Rt^ader ; writing sentences with capitals. 

Grade 6. — Second Reader; writing. 

Grade 4. — Third Reader; writing; written translations. 

Grade 8. — ^Third Reader ; writing ; grammar ; written translations. 

Grade 2, — Fourth Reader ; writing; written translations ; grammar. 

Grade 1. — Fourth Reader ; grammar ; written translations. 

LIST OF TEXT BOOKS ADOPTED FOR USX » THE PUBLIQ SCHOOLS OF MILWArSEI. 

Beaders—UcGixftej'a First, Second, Third, Fourth and^Fiflh Readers, and 
McGuffey's Speller. 

Arithmetica-'Rhy^a Mental Arithmetic, Ray's Practical Arithmetic and Ray'a 
Higher Arithmetic. 

Grammar -'KevVa Common School Grammar. 

Geography — Mitchell's Primary, Mitchell's Intermediate, and Mitchell's 
Physical Geography. 

History — Goodrich's United States History. 

PtfnmayuAip— Spencerian System and Spencerian Copy Books. 

Alden's Yonng Citizen's Manual. 

German — Raffler's First, Second, Third and Fourth Readers ; Ahn's Ger. 
man Course, First and Second Books ; Hey's (small) German Grammar and 
Oelschlager's Dictionary. 



Ill 

BACINB. 

0. 8. ALBEB, SUPBRINTSNDSNT. 

The oenstiB gives a total of 3,358 persons between the ages of 
four and twenty years— 1,654 males, and 1,804 females. 

Number of diflferent pupils enrolled in the public schools 1 960 

Estimated number in private schools ".' *,' ' 45Q 

■ 

Total number attending school *. 2 410 

or 71 per cent, of those entitled to the privileges of free tuition. 
Our systematio advice that pupils shall not bo sent to school at the 
early age allowed by law, together with the employment of many 
persons in the various manufactories of the city, accounts for a 
large proportion of those not in attendance upon school. 

The average per cent, of attendance in the public schools was 
93.6, and owing to the earnest efforts of the teachers both in the 
Bchool-room and in the homes of the pupils, a remarkable degree of 
punctuality has been attained. 

The schools are held in five ward school buildings, each under the 
charge of a male principal. A new building has been erected, du- 
ring the past year, at an expense of about 9^0,000; making rea- 
sonable accommodation for the present demand. 

The thirty teachers employed in the various departments have 
evinced au earnestness rarely excelled, and au ability greater than 
is usually obtained at the salaries paid. 

Salaries have ranged from $200 to $1,800 per annum, but have 
beeu increased for the ensuing year, from ten to twenty per cent. 

Teachers' meetings have been held weekly, in which the lessons 
and general duties assigned have been most faithfully performed, 
resulting in a unity of purpose and school work not otherwise at- 
tainable. 

The course of study, being in process of revision, no outline is 
now inserted. 



112 



WATERTOWN. 

W. H. BOHE, 8UPSBINT1NDKNT. 

Oar schools are graded, and have four departmentg— the primary, 
intermediate, grammar aad high school. Each of these departments 
is divided into two grades, except the intermediate, which has three. 
A uniform standard is kept up in the similar grades of the different 
schools throughout the city. This is greatly facilitated by a 
printed manual, furnished to each teacher, containing the 'course of 
study and the rules and regulations of the schools, a copy of which 
I have sent you, and should form a part of this report. 

The school census shows the ohildrcD, between four and twenty- 
years of age, to be 3,743 ; 1,829 males and 1,914 females. The 
average attendance in our public schools is 1,153, total number en- 
rolled 1,487. About 600 children attend the different sectariaa 
s<)hools in this city. These schools will always be an impediment to 
the progress][of a graded school, since some parents will keep their 
children fjom the public schools for one or two terms at a time and 
then let them return, expecting that they should again proceed with 
their class as before. But, since the course of study in those 
schools differs from that of the public schools, especially in some 
branches, they are in every instance behind this grade. 

An efficient corps of twenty teachers — seven male and thirteen 
female— constitute our board of instruction, of whom. Prof. Th. 
Bern hard is the principal of the high school department and unioa 
school, and Mr. A. Lebourveau principal of the union school. The 
German language is gaining more and more importance in this sec- 
tion of the country. The board of education have, since last term, 
engaged an exclusive by German teacher, 

The wages of our teachers were raised^ about fifteen per cent, 
lately, to correspond with those as paid in other places, Male 
teachers receive twenty>five per cent, more than female, and new 
teachers receive ten per cent, less the first year of their engage- 
ment. 

I must not forget our evening school, which consists of about 
seventy-five pupils from twelve to twenty years of age. These 



U8 

erening solioolf cannot be too earnqstly recommended to eyerv 
community in the state, since they furnish the means to many a 
youpg man, who may have neglected or had not the opportunity to 
obtain an education before, to yet fit himself for his future life witb 
each branches of study as he may most need. Our two large union 
and four ward schools are filled to excess, and it will soon be a 
necessity to increase our school accommodation, although our good 
city is heayily embarrassed by an unjust railroad debt, which to 
setde to the best advantage now employs the minds of our best 
financiers. The total expenditures for school purposes for the year 
ending August 81st, were 98»646.98, of which, deducting (814. 19 
for building and permanent improvements, the cost per child would 
be $6.79 for the year, or {6.02, couiiting the whole number of 
children who have attended school and the total expenditures. 

The board of education consists of one member from each of the 
seven wards of the oity, and the nraperintendent, who is at the same 
time clerk of the board, with a salary of g260 per year. 

In conclusion, I will just mention our apparatus, maps and 
charts, which can hardly be excelled in any public school of the 
state, and which are constantly replenished by means of our tuition 
fund. Also, two weekly teachers' meltings, which are well attend- 
ed and interesting. 

GRADBD OOUBSS OJ STUDY. 

In ibis Ooane the BohoolB are dassified ander fear heads, tIi.: 

1. The Primary Department (anbdivided into two Grades). 
a» The Intermediate Department (three Grades), 
a. The Grammar Department (two Grades). 
4. The High School Department (two Grades). 

As far as practicable each teacher's pupils shonld be divided into two, and 
in the Primary Department into three and even four classes. 

A definite programme of recitations and exercises shonld always be kept 
and implicitly followed, varying ihe oral and concert lessons from day to day, 
bnt in accordance with a well formed plan. 

The pupils have to partake of all the studies tanght in their respectire 
grades, except the German and Latin languages, which are optional. 

Promotions shall be made by dlasses at the end of the terms, but partion- 
larly m^ritorioos and capable pupils should reoeife projnotion irrespeotlreV 
8 Sor. Pub. las. 



m 

of their classes ; as a general rule promotiom from grade to grade shoald he 
'delayed to the end of the school year. 

Teachers are reminded, in the first place, that, if the work of each teacher 
be done independently of the work of the others, and the Gonrse be used 
merely as a siimnlns to " cramming " and '* memorizing," more harm than 
good will come froai the grading of studies ; and, secondly, that to secure 
the advantages which the grading may confer, every teacher should be famil- 
iar with the whole Coarse and constantly bear in mind that the work in any 
particular grade must be done with reference to what has gone before, and 
what has to come after. To this end the principal and assistants la each 
school, for the accomplishment of the whole programme, should often confer 
together in respect to the kind and amount of the work each teacher has to 
do, as well as in respect to the best methods of instruction. 

L PBIXABT DXPABTinEHT. 

Grade 11. 

First Tkbic — Alphabetical Oharts, first half of Primer; printing and draw- 
ing on slate ; oral lessons on form, 00101*, animals, morals and manners. 

Second TEiuc^Prinier completed; writing script on slate, drawing on 
4ilate ; counting and writing numbers; oral lessons as before. 

Third TKRM—Primer reviewed ; writing script and figures on slate, copying 
from Primer, drawing on slate ; oral Arithmetic; oral lessons as before. 

Singing atid physical exercises through all the three terms. 

Books — National Primer, 

DiRicTioKs. — Instructions in this Grade should be to a considerable extent, 
oral and conversational, calculated to interest the pupils and develop their 
tLinking powers. From the very outset the children should be formed into 
classes, and great efforts should be made to secure the attention of the whole 
class, when any one is reciting or receiving instruction. Constant use ought 
to be made of the primary charts and the blackboard. Every child should 
have a slate on first entering school. Short pieces of poetry and maxims 
ought to be connected with the oral lessons and learned byjconcert exer- 
cises. 

Orade L 

First Term — ^Readiog (first half of First Reader); script on slate and copy- 
ing from Reader ; drawing on slate and blackboard ; oral Arithmetic, written 
Arithmetic (Addition); oral Geography ; oral lessons on plants, foreign pro- 
ductions, morals and manners ; pieces of poetry and maxims. 

SicoND Term — Reading (First Reader completed); script on slate and copy- 
ing from Reader ; drawing on slate and blackboard ; oral Arithmetic, written 
Arithmetic (Addition and Subtraction); f^ral Geography; oral lessons on 
.form, size, weight, five senses, morals and manners ; pieces and mfi ^imf . 

Third Tiam— Reading (First Reader reviewed); script en slate and ooptying 



115 

from Eeader; drawing on slate blackboard ; oral Arithmetic, wntten Aritb- 
metio (Multiplication); oral Oeographj ; oral leflsons on common thinga, mor> 
als and manners ; pieces and maxims. 

Singing and physical exercises through all the three terms. 
Books— National First Reader. 

DiRXCTioirs.— The directions given under the preceding Grade apply also to 
this Grade. Geography onght to be taught according to the plan laid dowh 
in Gnyot*s Elementary Geography. With the oral lessons and with reading, 
little exerciites in composition on the slate should be connected. Addition, 
Subtraction and Multiplication Tables ought to be taught alternately during 
all the terms ; the latter to be completed during the third term. In Oral 
Arithmetic, during the first term, easy problems and exercises, 'applying to 
all the four fundamental operations may be giyen, while in the following 
terms the pupils ought to be thoroughly drilled in Addition and Subtraction. 
The slates of the pupils should be always clean and in a good condition. 
pQpils of good standing may commence the study of the German language. 

n. XHTSBIUDUTI DIPARTXIHT. 

Qrodt III. 
FiBST TxBM — ^Reading (first half of Second Reader) ; Spelling (Mono- and 
Dissyllables); Copying on slate from Reader and Spelling Book; Mental 
Primary Arithmetic, written Arithmetic (Multiplication, short Bivision) ; 
Primary Geography (Definitions and Hemispheres) ; Penmanship ; drawing of 
figures and maps on slate ; oral lessons on forms, animals, plants, morals and 
manners; declamations; Multiplication and Division Tables. 

Sbcomd Txiuc— Reading — Second Reader completed; Spelling-— Dissyl- 
lables; copying on slate from Reader and Spelling Book; dictation exer- 
cises on slate ; Primary Mental Arithmetic continued ; written Arithmetic 
— Short Diyision, Subtraction reyiowed ; Primary Geography— North Ameri- 
ca and United States ; Penmanship ; drawing of maps and figures on slate 
and blackboard , oral lessons as before ; declamation ; Multiplication and 
Diyision Tablea 

Thibd Tbrm— Reading — Second Reader Reyiewed; Spelling — reyiew. of 
Mono- and Dissyllables; copying on slate from Reader and Spelling Book; 
dictation and composition exercises on slate ; Penmanship ; map and figure 
drawing; Mental Primary Arithmetic reyiewed, written Arithmetio— Long 
Diyinon ; Primary Geography — review of the pensa of first and second 
terms; oral lessons on foreign and home productions, morals and mannen; 
yerses and maxims^ Multiplication and Division Tables. 

Singing and Calisthenics during all the three terms. 

Books— Second National Reader, National Primary Speller, Robinaon'» 
Primary Arithmetics, Warren's Primary Geography. 

DiBSonom.»In reading, the attention of the pupils should be directed to 



U6 

• 

the importance of punctuation ; thej shonld be ttoght to read with prv^ 
priety, and no reading piece ehonld be left before the minority of the claes 
are able to giTC a aatiafaotory account of the contents. Sxerciaee in oom^ 
position should become more numerous, prose pieces be committed to mem- 
ory at regular intertals and recited by the popils. In general, much ought 
to be done to strengthen the memory of the pupil by the frequent recitation 
of good prose and poetry, thus laying an early foundation for a good elo- 
cution and an easy and graceful deliTcry of written and extemporaneous 
eomposition. In Arithmetic, the pupil's knowledge of the tables ought from 
time to time to be tested. In Mental Arithmetic they oi^bi to acquire a 
tolerable facility in handling the four fandamental operations. In written 
Arithmetic, numerous exercises on slate and blackboard. Geography ought 
to be made interesting by the teachers' frequently inserting oral lessons into 
the regular course of recitations, descriptive of the relief, climate and pro^ 
ductions of countries and the manners and customs of their populations. 
Drawing, the great leyer of arts and trades, which in our day has become 8o 
powerful a medium for imparting knowledge, should be carefully and loringlj 
taught in all the Grades ; the objects selected should be adapted to the pu- 
pil's degree of mental derelopment and connected with their oral lessons 
and other appropriate branches of study. Hap drawing in its simplest form 
may be commenced in this Grade and thence continued through all the 
Grades, the metliods used being proportioned to the increased skill in hand« 
ling the pencil and the progress made in Geographical science. 

Grade IL 

Yaar Tkbx. — First Reader— Introductory lessons and to page '7S ; oral and 
written spelling— -Dissyllables ; dictation and composition ; copying on slate 
from Reader and Spelling Book ; Mental Arithmetic, written Arithmeti<^^ 
Long Division ; Primary Geography— States of the Union ; United States 
History — ^Reading; Penmanship; Lrawing on slate and blackboard. Orel 
lessons— an introductory course in Zoology, beginning by Mammals; morale 
and manners ; declamations. 

Skcond TBBM.-«Third Reader— continued to page 142; oral and writteo 
spelling— Dissyllables finished ; dictation and composition ; copying on slate 
from Reader and Spelling Book. Mental Arithmetic ; written Arithmetic — 
Rule of Three; Primary Geography— the countries of North and South Amer^ 
ica; United States History — Reading; Penmanship; Drawing* on slate and 
blackboard; Oral Lessons— Zoology (birds); morals and manners; declama- 
tions and recitations of prose pieces, selected from United States History. 

-Third Tirk.— Third Reader— reviewed to page 142 ; oral and written spell- 
ing-Spelling Book reviewed to page 87 ; dictation and composition ; copy* 
ing on slate; Mental Arithmetic; written Arithmetic— Long Division le- 
Tiewed, Rule of Three continued, exercises in numeration and notation * 
Primaiy Geography— review of the pesaa of terms 1 and 2^; United Stetea 



117 

History^Reading ; Pensi&iisbip ; Drawing on slate and blackboard. Oral 
lessons— Zoology (Reptiles and Fishes) ; morals «nd manners; recitations of 
prose and poetry. 

Singing and Calisthenics through all the tersis. 

Books — National Third Reader, National Primary Speller, Robinson^s Pri- 
mary Arithmetics, Warren's Primary Geography, Goodricli's Pictorial Histoiy 
<}i the United States. 

DiBBGTioirs. — ^In Reading the teacher ought not to neglect, as often is done, 
to explain the introdactory lessons. Spelling exercises ought to be fre- 
quently Taried, the pupils often to be sent to the blackboard and attention 
paid to defining. In copylfig and composition, as well as in reading and dic- 
tation, strict attention should be paid to punctuation. The reading of Uni- 
ted States History should not be a mechanical and thoughtless practice ; the 
teacher should often give explanations adapted to the capacities of the pu- 
pils, Mview what has been read, and lay stress upon the orthography of his- 
iorioal and geographical names. In Arithmetic, the tables should still be 
reTlewed. 

Cfrade L 

Torn TiBic — ^Third Reader (introductory lessons reviewed and reading from 
page 143 to 214); oral and written spelling from page 87 to 116 ; dictation, 
copying, composition. Mental Arithmetic to page 86 ; written Arithmetic 
^ule of Three, properties of numbers); Primary Geography (review of the 
CTnited States), United States History to beginning of the Revolution); Zo- 
ology (review of Vertebrates); Penmanship ; drawing on paper ; Oral Lee- 
eons ; Geometrical ^orras ; morals and manners ; declamatic^a. 

SicoND TsBX — ^Third Reader (completed), oral and written spelling to end 
of book; diotatien, composition and copying. Mental Arithmetic to page 
•66 ; written Arithmetic (Redoetion, Cancellation, Greatest Common Divisor, 
Ijeast Common Multiple); Primary Geography completed ; United States His- 
tory to the Great Rebellion; Zoology (Articulates); Penmanship; drawing 
on paper ; Oral lessons in Grammar ; Geometri4sal forms reviewed ; morals 
«nd raaBBOrs; declamations. 

Thus Tcbv— Third Reader reviewed ; oral and written spelling (SpelKng 
book reviewed), dictation, composition, copying ; Mental Arithmetic to page 
72, Written Arithmetic (Reduction continued. General properties aad re- 
-dnction of Common Fractions); Primary Geography review ; United States 
History completed and reviewed ; Zoology (MoUusks, Radiates, general re- 
view). Oral Lessons in Grammar ; Geometrical forms reviewed; morals. and 
snasners; declamations. 

Singing, Calisthenics. 

Books— National Third Reader, Nation^ Primary Primary Speller, Robin- 
son's latelieotual Arithmetic^ Warren's Primary Geography, Goodrich's Pic- 
torial 



118 

DniCTiom. — ^Those given for the preceding Orsde apply to this Grade aleOi 
Dictations may still be written on the slate, bat composition ought sometimes 
to be copied on paper from the slate ; copying from Reader or History onght 
to be done on paper, while spelling ought to be always studied by writing 
the lesson on the slate. Drawing of objects on paper should be commenced 
in this Grade, while maps may still be drawn on slate and blackboard. 
Grammar according to Holbrookes Normal. 

QKAXUAR DKPARTMXVT. 

FnsT Tebm — ^Fourth Reader to page 107 ; oral and written spelKng to peg* 
62 ; copying, dictation, composition ; Grammai to page 86 ; Mental Arithme^ 
tic from page 67 to page 79 ; Written Aritmetic (Common Fractions); Ge^ 
ography to page 80 ; Goodrich's History of the World to page 76 ; Botany 
(Physiology of Plants, introdootory lessons); Penmanship ; Oral lessona om 
sound, light, water and air; morals and manners; declamations. 

SxcoHD TxBM — ^Fourth Reader to page 200, oral and written spelling is 
page 86; dictation, composition, copying ; Grammarreyiewed and continued 
to page 6^; Mental Arithmetic to page 122; Written Arithmetic (Reduction 
with application of fractions); Geography to page 68 ; Hletory of the Wovld 
to page 128. Botany (Physiology reviewed); Penmanship.; drawing; Oral 
lessons on properties of matter ; morals and manners ; deolamationa^ 

Thibd Txbm — Fourth Reader ( reviewed); oral and written spelling to pag^ 
128 ; dictation, copying, composition ; Grammar to page IM ; Mental Arith. 
metic (Rule of Three with application of Fractions and Reduction); Geogra- 
phy reviewed to page 66; History of the Worid reviewed to page 128 ; Bot- 
any (Lessons in the systematical knowledge of plants); Penmanship.; draw- 
ing ; Ortl Lessons on Geometrical forms and problems ; morals and manners ; 
declamations. 

Vocal music and Calisthenics during all the three terms. 

Books— National Fourth Reader, National Speller, Kerl's First Lessons Im 
Grammar, Robinson's Practical and Progressive Intellectual Arithmetio, 
Warren's Common School Geography, Goodrich's Common School History of 
the World. 

Dmcnom — ^Under next Grade. 

Chade I. 
FnsT TiRM— Fourth Reader to page 818; oral and written spelling from 
page 86 to 128; dictation, composition; Grammar from page 69 to lOO; 
Mental Arithmetic from page 74 to 112; written Arithmetic (Review of Conr- 
mon Fractions, Decimal Fractions, Aliquot Parts); Algebra to page 62 ; Ge- 
ometry to page 87 and the problems of Book 2 ; Geography from page 66 to 
end ; Universal Histoiy from page 128 to page 181 ; Human Physiology (oonr- 



110 

menced); PennuuiBbip ; drawing ; Oral lessons on eleotridtj and magnetism ; 
deolamationa 

SxcoND TEBM'Foarth Reader completed ; oral and written spelling to the - 
end of book ; dictation and composition , Grammar to page 162 ; Mental 
Arithmetic to page 144, written Arithmetic (Percentage and Interest); Alge- 
bra to page 76 ; Geometry (Book 1 reviewed, and Book 2); Geography (first 
half roTiewed); Human Physiology continued ; Uniyersal History to page 222; 
Panmanship, drawing ; Oral lessons ; Mechanical powers and Hydromechan- 
ics; declamations. 

Tbjrd Tsbm— Fourth Reader reviewed ; Oral and written spelling (review 
of the whole book); dictation and composition; Grammar (completed and 
reviewed); Mental Arithmetic (general review to page 144); written Arith- 
metic (review of the pensa of terms 1 and 2); Algebra to page 106 , Geogra- 
phy (second half reviewed); Universal History to page 287 ; Human Physiol- 
ogy completed and reviewed ; Penmanship and introduction to Book-keeping, 
drawing; Oral lessons; Ethnographical sketches ; declamations.. 

Vocal music and Calisthenics during all the terms. 

Books— Fourth National Reader, National Speller, Webster's Common 
School Dictionary, Eerrs First Lessons in Grammar, Robinson's Practical 
and Intellectual Arithmetics, Warren's Common School Geography, Good- 
rich's Common School History of the World, Cutter's First Book, Davies' 
Elements of Geometry. 

DiBicTioNS for the two Grammar Grades : In reading there should be 
reached a degree of fluency which will enable the teacher to lay a proper 
stress on the study of elocution ; whose principles as laid down in the intro- 
ductory^ lessor H of the ReaJer ought, therefore, always to be applied and 
reviewed. In spelling, the pupils, especially of the first grade, ought to be 
held to define the most important words of their lessonB. In Grammar, the 
Reader ought frequently to be used for the purpose of illustrating the rules 
and principles of the science. Dictations should only be written on paper, 
and be carefully corrected by the teacher. • Composition should gradually 
become a study more and more prominent. In Geography and History short 
oral lessons, illustrative of the text, should be frequently interspersed ; maps 
be drawn on paper and blackboard, using colored crayons to indicate the 
physical character of the countries. Botany and Physiology ought chiefly 
te be taught by lectures followed by careful rehearsals. 

In vocal music Allen's Song Cabinet may be used as a text-book, while in 
the lower grades the pupils should be taught by the voice of the teacher to 
sing pieces whose texts they have previously learned by concert exercises. 

BIOH SCHOOL DKPARTMIirT. 

Grade 11. 
FiBST Tebm— Fourth Reader (first half, with> elocutionary exercises); 
Orthography (Derivation, defining of words), dictation, composition ; Gnuop 



120 

Bi«r to page 118; Higher Arithmetie commenced; Venial Arithraetio^ pages 
lis to 144; Algebra, pages 106 to 189 and general review of fractions; 

• 

Geometry (Books 1 and 2 reyiewed and .Book 8); Geography (general review 
of Common School Geography); Uniyersal History from page 287 to 849 ; 
Gomparative Physiology commenced; Penmanship (Book-keeping); 
Drawing. 

Second Tibm — Fourth Reader (second half, with elocutionary exercises) ; 
Orthography (Derivation, defining); dictation, composition ; Grammar to 
page 190; Higher Arithmetic continued ; Mental Arithmetic to page 160; 
Algebra to page 181; Geometry (Book 8 reviewed and Book 4); Geography 
Physical : Geology and Hydrography); Universal History (aocient); Goio- 
parative Physiology completed ; Penmanship (Book-keeping); Drawing. 

Third Tirv — ^Fourth Reader reviewed, with elocutionary exercises ; Or- 
thography (review of principles); dictation, composition ; Grammar (review 
to page 190) ; Higher Arithmetic continued ; Mental Arithmetic completed ; 
Algebra to page 217 with review of preceding pensa ; Geometry (general 
review to Book 4); Geography (Physical: Meteorology, distribution of 
organic life); Universal History (medieval); Minerak>gy; Penmanship (Book- 
keeping); Drawing. 

Vocal music through all the terms. 

Books — ^Fourih National Reader, De Wolf's Speller, Kerl's Common 
School Grammar, Webster's Oommon School Dictionary, Ray's Higher and 
Robinson's Intellectual Arithmetics, Robinson's Elementary Algebra, Davies^ 
Elements of Geometry, Warren^s Common School Geography, Goodrich's 
Common School History of the Worid, Cutter's First Book. 

Qrode I. 

TmsT TsBM — ^Rhetoric and Composition ; Grammar from page 190 to 276 ; 
Higher Arithmetic completed; Mental Arithmetic (select exercises); 
Algebra from page 217 to 274 ; Geometry (Books 6 and 6); Mathematical 
Geography and Astronomy ; Universal History (modern); Natural PhiloBopby 
commenced; Drawing. 

SxooND Tbbm — ^Rhetoric and Composition ; Grammar completed ; H^her 
Arithmetic (general review of principles); Mental Arithmetic (select exer- 
cises); Algebra completed ; Geometry (Trigonometry); Geography (com- 
parative commenced); History of the United States ; Natnral Philosophy 
completed; Drawing. 

Tbibd Tbiuc — Rhetoric and Composition ; Grammar (exercises in Analysis); 
Higher Arithmetic (select exercises) ; Mental Arithmetic (select exercises) ; 
Algebra reviewed ; Geometry (applications); Geography (comparative com- 
pleted); Civil Government ; Chemistry ; Drawing. 

Vocal music during all three tertts. 

Books — Kerl's Common School Grammar, De Wolf's Comprehensive 
Speller^ Webster's Common School Dictionary,, Ray's Higher Ariihmetio» 



121 

Roblnion's Intellectaal, Robinson's New Elementary A]gebra,'[DaTiea' Ele- 
ments of Geography, Warren's Physical and Common School GeographieB, 
Goodrich's Common School History of the World. 

DzasoTiONS for the two High School Grades. — With regard to this depart- 
ment, we have to bear in mind on what principles it should be based. In the 
first place it is not to be considered as an independent institution, not as a 
kind of college which, without any iounediate connection with preceding 
grades of mental development, does not care for where and how applicants 
have acquired the amount of knowledge which entitles them to admission. 
On the contrary, it is one of the linksi the last link of the organic system of 
the common school, the blossom, the fruit of the stately tree, to which our 
educational system may be compared. It is the last step on the ladder, up 
to which it is desirable to see every youth of the people ascend, up to which 
to assist them in rising, it ought to be the energetic endeavor of the organs 
of the system, the teachers of the common school. 

Kow, then, our High School Department must differ from the College 
or academy therein, that the methods of teaching and the material taught 
must be shaped and selected for the purpose, not of laying a foundation for 
a svcceeding riper and thorough understanding 'Of languages and sciences 
f6r the learned purposes of a scientific vocation, but to the end of giving 
to the pupil a lucid perception of the general, natural and therefore neces- 
sary connection of all branches of knowlege and of sll those scientific facts 
and troths which have a practical bearing upon moral, social and civil life. 

The knowledge imparted in this department should therefore be popular 
but not superficial ; selective, but not fragmentary. 

The Natural and exact sciences, History afid Geography should be taught 
by lectures in preference ; not that the use of textbooks is to be altogether 
discarded, but the textbook should hold a subordinate rank, not giving more 
than facts and dates, which to the memory of the pupil offer the skeleton, 
round which the lectures of the teacher have to lay the warm and pulsating 
nerve and flesh of the science, which is to be digested by the pupil's miisd 
and become its aMimilated everlasting property. 

But the lectures of the teacher ought to be followed by frequent and care- 
ful rehearsals ; and, whenever the nature of the subject makes^t admissible, 
the Sooratic method of eliciting facts and truths by question and answer 
ought to be applied during the lectures. 

In Mathematics the pupil should become fhlly aware of the fact that 
Arithmetic and Algebra are twin children of the same scientific principle 
and that they differ only in their more immediate appliance upon practical 
or scientific objects. The results gained in Geometry should be made sub- 
servient to promoting a fuller understa&ding of those branches of study, to 
which they may profitably be applied, as forjnstance, Mathematical Geo- 
graphy, Natural Philosophy, eto. 



122 

Afl far u the EngliBh langaage is oonoerned there ought to be gained a 
rational indght into its etructure and character, a certain freedom of using 
it oorrectly, if not elegantly, in'written and extemporaneous composition. 
Therefore elocutionary exercises and written compositions ought to be ener- 
getically practised ; the topics given to be first descriptiye (Geographical for 
instance, or taken from Natural History), aftenrards historical and finally of 
an argumentaiive character, though themes bearing on belles letters ought 
not to be neglected. 

It is Tory desirable indeed, that every pupil in the high school department 
should profit of the opportunity offered of studying one of the two foreign 
languages taught in the select courses. In the report of the committee on 
Courses of Study, adopted at the last meeting of our State Teachers Associa- 
tion, are found the following words : " Your committee sincerely hope the 
officers and teachers in charge of the higher departments of our public 
schools will unite in laboring earnestly to introduce a more complete study of 
the languages, especially the French and the Oerman, when the ancient lan- 
guages cannot be taught.** And though not everybody may be prepared to 
ooncur with them in their opinion *'that the fullest drill in the English 
branches, the Mathematics and the Natural Bcienees, can not impart that 
discipline of mind furnished by a pursuit of the languages, and so essential 
to a thorough preparation for the more active duties of life ;** still it will be 
apparent to everybody that pupils may more fully conquer the English lan- 
guage by being enabled to compare it with some other language. 

OOUBSI O? BTODT FOB THI GKRMAN LANOUAOI. 

6M (eom^inaff) (Track 
Oral Elements; Letters; Charts (Monosyllables) ; Script on slate. 
Books — ^Engelman's and Begenfuss' Deutsches Lesebuch. 

tth (eambmed) Orade. 
Spelling of Dyssyllables and Polysyllables from Charts and Book; Script on 
idate. 
Books— The same as in preceding grade. 

4th {c&mhmed) Orade. 

Review of Spelling ; Beading commenced ; Oral Orammar](Declension of 
Nouns, Pronouns and Adjectives) ; Translation of short sentences ; Copying 
from reader on slate ; Declamations. 

Books— Engelman'8 Deutsches Lesebuch, Ahn's Method Practical Part. 

^{emMned) Orade. 

Reading; Oral Orammer continued (Conjugations, Prepositions); Transla- 
tion of sentences continued; Copying froai Reader (with pen and ink) ; De- 
clamations. 

Books— The same as in preceding Grade. 



128 

2d{Amme<m) €hrad$. 
Beading; Grammar (Btymology) ; Tranilation; Copying from Reader , De- 
damations. ^ 

Books— Ahn's Method 1 and 2. 

^(German) Orada. 
Beading; Grammar (Etymology); Translation; Dictations and Oomposi- 
tions ; Copying from Reader ; Declamations. 

Books— Ahn's Method 1 and 2, RelTelt's Drittes Lesebach. 

\9i Ch'odt, 

Reading; Granunar (Syntax) ; Translations ; Compositions and Dictations ; 
Deolamations. 

Books — ^The same as in the preceding Grade. 

DiBxcTioNB. — Our school law confines the instmction in any other than the 
Bnglish language to one hour per day. This restriction and the mixed 
national character of our schools together with the lack of suitable teachers, 
able to teach the German language, have been taken into due consideration In 
the framing of this ** course." 

If in the study of languages the comparative method ought eyerywhere to 
be applied, so much the n ore this method ought to preyail, where the pupils 
are more or less able to converse in one of the languages taught, and study 
it according to the same programme. This is the case in our schools with 
regard to the English ; the study of German should therefore be a compara- 
tive one. 

Upon these considerations the following principles are based : 

let. The pupils of Gennan and English descent may be combined in the 
lower grades of the Course. 

2d. Exercises in elocution should be frequent, and conducted with great 
care. 

8d. Translation exercises should hold a prominent rank. 

4th. The study of grammar should be thoroughly comparative. 

6th. The higher grades of pupils should be separated according to their 
nationality. 

6th. The character of this course makes it very desirable that onljr teach' 
ers equally well versed in both languages should be employed ; still, in the 
lower grades, an equal knowledge of both may not be absolutely necessary on 
the part of the teacher. 

Upon these principles the study of the German has been founded in our 
schools for years past, and |he result has proved satisfactory, cdnsidering the 
very small number of German teachers employed. 

About five-sixths of the pupils of English descent, at least in Union 
School Ko. 1, have taken up the study of the German language, and during 
the last two terms an advanced German class, consisting of English pupils 



12k 

only, wAi inoceBefttUj Unght, while the Oerman pnplk (thoee attending rega- 
larlj, of course) have made fine progreBS in Grammar, Orthography and 
Translation, which has, perhaps, been undervalued by some of our German 
parents. 

The third combined grade should as soon as practicable be subdivided into 
a German and an American grade. 

OOUBSS OF RUDT OF TBI LATOT LANOVAOB. 

9d Chrade. 
Orammar— 'Etymology (Declendons, the verb sum); translation of sen- 
tences. 
Books— Brook's First Lessons. 

2d Cfrad*. 

Grammar — ^Etymology continued (Conjugation of regular and irregular 
verbs, prepositions) ; examination of English words with referenoe to their 
fjatin roots ; translation of sentences. 

Books — ^The same as in the preceding grade. 

lff< Orade, 

Grammar — Syntax ; Translation ; Analysis of English words of Latin deri- 
vation. 

Books— Brook's First Lessons and **yiri illustres Americae." 

DiBxcTioNS— It is not the purpose of this Course to impart a complete and 
comprehensive knowledge of latin Grammar, nor is it to be understood as a 
preparatory course, intended for such pupils only as will afterwards attend 
one of our colleges. This would be in opposition to the principles on which 
our common schools are based. This course is to be looked upon as an 
auxiliary to the better understanding of the English language, which has 
assimilated in the course of time thousands of Latin words, which. In mean- 
ing and structure, will become transparent by some knowledge of their Latin 
roots and of the laws of Latin Flexion. 

It is, therefore, desirable that all able and advanced pupils, at least, male 
or female, should partake of this Course. 

[The foregoing coarse of study is printed as part of the report 
from the city of Watertown, inasmuch as it exhibits the adaptation 
of the German methods to American schools. For want of room 
the rules and regtilations referred to are omitted.] 



PROCEEDINGS 



OF TBI 



SSYENTEENTH ANNUAL SESSION OF THE WISCONSIN 
STATE TEACHERS' ASSOCIATION. 



High School CHiPiL. 8, P. H., 
Obhkobh, July 6. 1869. 

The ABBooiation oonvened, and waB called to order by Alexander 
Kerr, PreBident. 

The ABBOoiation waB welcomed by Mayor Porter, on behalf of the 
city, and by Dr, H. B. Bale, President of the Board of Ednoation, 
on behalf of the Board, to which Preaident Kerr roBponded. 

An addrcBB waa ddiyered by J. C. ConverBC, Esq., of Beloit» 
upon " The Scholar and the Teacher, aa Workera." 

Adjonmed until to-morrow morning, at 9, A. M. 

BXOOHD DAT'b BEBBIOV. 

WsDNJSDAT A. M., 7 o'dock. 

AffK>ciation called to order by Preaident Kerr. 

Prayer by Bey. J. B. Pradt, of Madiaon. 

The Preaident'e Addreaa waa delivered by Preaident Kerr, of Be- 
loit. 

On motion of R. Graham, of Eenoaha, bo much of the P^eeidenfa 
AddrcBB aa relatee to the UniyerBity, Qnalifioation of TeacherB and 
OoarBCB of Stndy, waa referred to a committee oonBiatiDg of 0. R. 
8mith« of JaneayiUe, J. E. Purdy, of Ft. Atkineon, B. M. Bey- 
nolda, of Madiaon, with authority to appoint Bulnwmmitteea* 



126 
The President appointed the following oommittees : 

UnfaM^d Mumntw G. S. Albee, D. O. Parman^ and T. 0. Ghamberlaiii. 
JBwiMnkemt OommiUee—A. J. Ghenej, A. Earthman, W. L. O'Goimori James 
HanxLan, K. T. Park, L. B. Alden, and J. BarnhaixL 

Mr. 0. B. South, from Oommittee on President's Add^es^ made 
the following 

BIPOBT : 

Year committee, to whom was referred the President's address, haTe had 
the same under consideration, and beg leaTe to submit the following list of 
subHsoDunittees : 

VnivenUy^Q, S. Albee, D. G. Purman, and A. Everett. 

^dueaium of IdiaU—T. H. Little, G. M. Steele, 0. Avery. 

QuaKfieatioru of TeoeAars— B. A. Graham, W. A. De La Matvr, 0. M. Treat. 

OouriM of iSSfMfy— W. 0. Whitford, S. H. Carpenter, M. Montague. 

Bespeotfullj submitted, 

0. B. SWTH^ 
J. K. PUBOT, 

B. If . BirvoLDS. 
Beport adopted. 

On motion of S. H. Carpenter, the President announced as 

OommiUee on JBimorary MrnnJben — ^W. D. Parker, A. Earthman, If aiiah 8. 
Hill. 

UVVINISHID BUSINESS. 

Mr. J, B. Pradt. from the Oommittee on School Architecture, 
appointed at the last annual session, read a preliminary report. 

Mr. Albee, from the Committee on Unfinished Business, reported 
in favor of the indefinite postponement of the proposed amendment 
of Article 2 of the constitution, proposed at the last annual 
session, 

Beport adopted and amendment rejected. 

On motion of 0. B. Smith, the subject of ventilation was made 
the special order for 4 P. M. 

Becess fifteen minutes. 

After recess, Mr. A. F. Alden, of the Whitewater Normaj 
School, read a paper upon ^' The American Scholar : His Duty to 
his Oountry." 



127 

On motion of S. H. Carpenter, the mles reported at the last 
annnal tession were adopted by the Aasooiation. 
Adjonrned nntil 2 P. M. 

AiTSBHOOir aisflioir. 

TWO O'OLOOX P. M. 

Asfloeiation oalled to order by President Kerr. 

Professor D, E. Gardner, of Neenah, oonducted an ezeroise in 
Oalisthenios. 

0. F. Viebahn, of Sank City, read a paper npon Oral Instmotion. 

In the absence of Hon. A. M. Thomson, of Janesville, who was 
ezpeoted to deliyer an address, Calvin Townsend, Esq., of Roch- 
ester, K. Y., deUyered an address upon " The Signs which we Hang 
Out.'^ 

After which the special order of ventilation was taken np. 

Mr. J. B. Pradt offered the following resolutions : 

Umliotd^ That more definite statistics thoold be obtained, if possible, In 
regard to the condition of our school houses, through the medium of the 
school officers. 

Reaolhed^ That a general reform is needed in the construction and arrange- 
ment of our school houses, especially in the matters of heating and Tenti- 
lating. 

Boohed^ That a system of school house inspection and classification, and a 
fund to aid in the construction of approved school houses upon suitable con- 
ditions, would tend to effect the needed reform. 

JUtolvedj That the Committee on School Architecture be continued, and 
be instructed to prepare a full report on the subject of TentUation, to be 
printed with the transactions of the association. 

Which resolutions were adopted. 

The President appointed a 

OonuniUe4 an FtnanM-^i^ E. Furdy, L. L. Sweezy, E. 0. Ohadwiok. 

Adjourned till 7:80 P. H. 

STIRINO sissioir. 

SITIN AHD A HALV O'OLOOX P. M. 

OaUed to order by President Kerr. 
The President announced 

OonmtiUm (m BmhiAo m 0. S. Smith, & & Bockwood and B. M. BeynoldsL 



128 

Bey. E. 0. Towne, of Ghioago, delivered an address upon the 
sabjeot "Brains." 
Adjourned till 9 A* M. to>morrow. 

THIBD day's SBBBIOir, 

Thubsdat, Jult 8, 1869 — 9 o'clock A. M. 

AssooiatioD oalled to order bj Presideiit Kerr. 

Prayer by Bey. C. W. Brewer. 

Ur. Samuel Shaw, of Omro, refd a paper entitled << Tbe Teacher." 

The President appointed 



OmumUmon i^omiaaliofi*— B. M. Beynoldf, of Madison; E. U. Treat, 6f 
OUnton; J. E. Pardy, of Fori AtkiDson; Miai M. J. Bider, of Green Bay; 
Mifls Jennie Golman, of Chippewa Falls. 

Prof. Oliyer Arey, of the Whitewater Normal School, oondneied 
an exercise in Geography. 

Beoess of fifteen minutes. 

After recess a letter was read from Prof. Oharles Davies, ezproas- 
ing his regret at being unable to attend the meeting, 

J. W. Hoyt, M. D.,*of Madison, delivered an address on Bdu* 
cational Standards. 

RBPOBTS. 

By Ur. J. K. Purdy, for Finance Committee : 

Tonr committee, to whom was referred the papers and accounts of the 
treasurer of the Association, beg leave to report that they have examined 
the same, and find them to be satisfactory. 

J. K. FuBDT, Ohairman. 

By W. 0. Whitford, for Oommittee on Course of Study : 

Your committee, to whom was referred that portion of the President's ad- 
dress which discusses the programme of studies for our graded and other 
higher schools, would respectfully report : 

That the tIcws of the President on this sutiject meet with their hearty 
apptoTal ; and these are so fully and dearly presented that it does not seem 
to them necessary to add any extended renuurks of their own on this point. 

They sincerely hope the officers and the teachers in charge of the higher 
departments of our public schools will unite in laboring earnestly to intro- 



129 

^Hce a more complete etady of the languages, especiallj the French and Ger^ 
inan, when the Latin and Greek cannot be taught. In their opinion, the 
fullest drill in the English branches, the Mathematics and the Natural 
Sciences, cannot impart that discipline of mind forntshed by a pursuit of the 
languages, and so essential to a thorough preparation for the more actWe 
duties of life. W. C. Whitfobd, 

S. H. Oabpemtkb, 

M. MOMTAQUI. 

Laid over until afternooiL 
Adjourned until 2 P. H. 

A¥T1BH00N 8188ION. 

Two O^OLOOK P. M. 

Assoeiation called to order by President Kerr. 

Calvin Townsendy of Boobester, delivered an address upon tbe 
Oonstitution. 

R. 0. Spencer, of Milwaukee, conducted an exercise in pcnman- 
0bip. 

Tbe President appointed S. fl. Carpenter upon the sub- committee 
upon tbe President's address, in place of G-. W. Steele, wbo was 
not present. 

UPOBTB. 

By Hr. T. H. Little, for committee on President's address : 

The committee to whom was committed the consideration of that portion 
of the President's address which relates to the education of idiotic and im- 
becile children, present the following as their report: 
/ It is now more than thirty years since the practicability of educating 
imbecile children was demonstrated. Within that time, in the iuHtitutionses. 
tablished for the porpoee, in Europe and in this country, many hundreds 
of them have been instructed so successfully as to excite the admiration of 
all who haye given their attention to the subject. In this state, judging from 
statistics collected in other states, there can hardly be less than one idiotic 
person in every thousand of population. Their condition is extremely piti- 
able, and now that it is Itnown to be in many cases susceptible of relief, it 
cannot honorably be neglected. 

The committee therefore heartily approve the language of the President 
upon this §ttbject. 

Tbey also recommend the passage of the following resolution : 

JStBohtd^ That the association reaffirms its convictions that the necesdty fcr 
Bur. Pins. Imi 



180 

the establishment of an institution for the edocation of idiotic and feeble^ 
liinded children is great, and clwms the immediate action of our Legia. 

^^^^' T. H. Little, 

Olitxb Aeet, 
8. H. Cabpemtke. 

Beport adopted. 

The report of tbe Committee on ConrseB of Study was adopted. 
By Mr. W. D. Parker, for Committee on Honorary Members 2 

The Committee upon Honorary Members^ by leave, report the foUofring 
names of persons whom they would recommend for election to Honorary 
membership in the Wisconsin Teachers' Association for 1869 : 

J. 0. Converse, Esq., of Beloit, Wis.; Prof. Calvin Townsend, of Roches- 
ter, N. T.; Rev. E. C. Towne, Chicago, lU.; Dr. H. B. Dale, and Hon. Joseph 
Porter, ofOshkosh; N. F. Gage, and H. S. Pratt, of Lake Forest, III.; J. W. 
Hoyt, if. D.. Madison, Wis. ^ ^ p^^^ 

Albeet Eaethmah, 
Marie D. Hill. 

Beport adopted and persons elected. 

By Mr. D. Gray Purman, for Committee on University : 

Tour Committee, to whom was referred that portion of the President's ad- 
dress pertaining to our State University, would respectfully oiTer the foUow- 

ing resolutions: 

Whereas, The State University, as the head of our Educational System, 
is intcRded to give tone and dignity to our Public Schools, and 

Whereas, We feel it becoming in us at this time to express our entire 
confidence in the present arrangement, and our hearty concurrence in the 
policy which has governed that institution during the past two years ; there- 
fore, 

BMoived, That the thanks of the Teachers of this State are due, and are 

hereby tendered to President P. A. Chaiboume, LL.D., for his able and 

successful administration of our University, and that we pledge him our 

earnest co-operation and cordial support. « o a 

v* ». Alree, 

D. Gray Pitrmait, 

A. Everett. 

Adopted nnanimonsly. 

By B. M. Beynolds, for Committe on Nominations, reported the 
following ticket : 



181 

/V«tdbi<— Warren D. Parker, Qenera. 
FiM FrmdeiU'-J. Burnham» Wanpaea. 
SeonUay^W. A. De LaMatjr, Haaomanie. 
^^Vvamrtfr— H. A. Gaylord, Bbeboygaii. 

JSsrniOwe OmimtttM— 0. R. Smith, Janesrille ; A. Sverett, Oahhoah; G. S. 
JUb«e, Baoine ; B. Graham, Kenosha ; & H. Oarpenter, Madison. 

B. H. RlTVOLDBy 

a H. Tbiat, 

J. K. PUBDT, 

Miss M. J. BiDiB, 
JiHsn Colhiah, 

OommUlee, 

On motion of A. Earthman, the report was adopted, and the Seo- 
retarj instrnoted to east the ballot for the Assoeiation. 

The Secretary cast the ballot, and the persons nominated were 
declared duly elected offioers of the Association for the ensuing 
year. 

By B. Orabam, for Committee on Qoaliflcation of Teachers : 

The Oommittee to whom was referred so mnch of the President's address 
as relates to the Qoaliflcation of Teachers, report as follows : 

The Popi) is bat an instrument in the hand of the Teacher, therefore, the 
necessity of character, toett estahUthsd^ is imperatiyely demanded. 

The principal element in a noble representatiye teacher is inteipitj and 
honesty of porpose. 

Then follows magnetic force and sympathy, and in order to the perfect 
union of these, the equally important p6int, to understand the nature and 
wants of the pnpiL 

Next to character, is knowledge. 

The successful instructor must hsTC a thorough theoretical and practical 
knowledge of what he designs to teach. 

Gharacter and knowledge, combined with experience, constitute ability to 
teach. 

Oharacter is the result of training, and while many teachers have not as 
yet availed themselyes of the means to secure the necessary discipline, yet 
we belicTe that a deeper sense of responsibility is permeating the great body 
of our teachers. We bear testimony to the noble work being done in our 
state normal schools, and earnestly hope every teacher will seek admission 
to these schools as they may find opportunity, that they may become thoi^ 
oughly fitted for their appropriate work. 

We regard the county associations and teachers* institutes as valuable aids 
io the better qualifications of teachers, and urge every coanty superiiUend- 



182 

ent to hold, as required by Uwi the anniud iniUtate, and tnut every teacher 

will make faithfU endeavor to attend the same. 

We respectfully ask oar state legislature to make attendance upon snc^ 

institates obligatory upon each teacher, and that when such attendance la 

certified by the county superintendent such teacher shall receive pro rata 

compensation, as if in the school room, provided the institute is held dorin^ 

a term of schooL 

B. Qeahaic, 

0. IL Treat, 

W. A. Di LaMattb. 
Adopted. 

A^jonmed till 8 o^olook P. SI 

BTlVINa 8188I0V. 

Asiociation called to order by President Kerr. 

Prof. S. H. Carpenter, of Madison, deliTered an address on Uni- 
yersity Education. 

Mr. 0. B. Smith, for oommittee on resolntionSi made the follow- 
ing report : 

The committee on resolutions beg leave to submit the following report : 

1. IteBolffed, That we tender our heartfelt thanks to the citiiens of Osh- 
Jcosh for their generous hospitality in entertaining members of this asso- 
ciation, and to the several hotels for reduced rates. 

2. Mtaohed, That we tender our thanks to the board of education of the 
city of Oshkosh for generously allowing the use of their new and elegaat 
high school building for the sessions of the association. 

8. Be9oh$df That we tender our thanks to the Ohicago k Northwestern^ 
Milwaukee and St. Paul, Western Union, and the Sheboygan & Mississippi 
BaUroads, and to the Fox & Wolf River and Goodrich Line of Steamers, for 
giving to the members of this association free return over their several lines 
of travel. 

4. JUfoiped, That we tender our thanks to Mr. H. S. Chandler and his as- 
sociates for their enlivening n^usic. 

6. JUaolved^ That we tender our thanks to J. 0. Converse, of Beloit, Ber. 
IB. Towne, of Chicago, Prof. S. H. Carpenter, of the State University, E. 
TowDsend, Esq., of N. T., and J. W. Hoyt, M. D., of Madison, for their enter- 
taining and instructive lectures. * 

5. iZswM; That we recognize the power of the Press as an educator, and 
hereby express our obligations to the Press of the state for tkeir courtesies 
to this association, and to the papers of this city for their report of our pro- 
seedings. 



188 

7. JSmivedy That the thafilu of this attOoUtion are due, and are hereby 
tendered, to the retiring officers, for the able and impartial manner in which 
ihej haye discharged their dntiee. 

8. JZooAwi, That the S^ool MofdAfy be adopted aa the organ of this asso- 
ciation, provided that it InTolres the association in no expense — and that the 
proceedings of this session be pnblished in fiiU in the Monthly, 

0. B. Smith, 

S. S. BOOKWOOD, 

B. If . Betholds. 
Unanimondj adopted. 

President Kerr then declared the seventeenth annnal session of 
tbe State Teachers' Association adjonmed tine die. 

Attest. ^ ALEXANDER KERR, 

Pre$%deni. 
S. H. OABPiHTiBf Secretary. 



NORMAL SCHOOLS. 



I.— REPORT OP THE PRESIDENT OP THE BOARD OF 
REQENTS OP NORMAL SCHOOLS. 



Hon. A. J. Obaig, 

St^erifUendeni of Pvhlic Iiutruction : 

Sib — In aooordanoe with the requirements of law, I hare the 
honor to submit the following Report of the doings of the Board of 
Regents, and the oondition of the Normal Schools for the year 
ending Angnst Slst, 1869. 

At the meeting of the Board oommenci^ September 80, 1868, 
the by-laws were thoroughly jrevised, and in aooordanoe therewith 
fiye standing oommittees were organised and appointed as follows : 

An Exeoutiye oommittee, 

A oommittee on Pinanee* 

A oommittee on Supplies, 

A committee on Employment of Teachers, and 

A oommittee on Oourse of Study and Text Books. 

At the meeting December 2, 1868, the committee on Teachers' 
Institutes reported as paid for institute expenses : 

Throngh acoonnts audited to Gonnty Saperintendents $884 68 

To Robert Graham, salary and expenses 661 70 

Amonnt expended for institate season $1,446 28 

Regents Pairehild, Smith and Craig were appointed committee 
on Teachers' Institutes for ensuing year, and authoriied to expend 



185 

not to exceed {2,000 during the year, and not to ezoeed (50 to any 
iDstitnte. 

The committee engaged Prof. Qraham to conduct institutes, at a 
salary of $1,000 and expenses, and since March nearly the whole of 
his time has been given to] the work, which has been successfully 
prosecuted to the great advantage of the teachers attending the 
institutes. 

The site of the Oshkosh Normal School was fixed on lot 10, block 
125, in the 5th ward of the city of Oshkosh, and the Executive 
oommittee were instructed to procure plans for the building and let 
the contract for construction, 

.: f fK^ hnuvA hftld January 27, 1869, 

kosh obtained, and 
ling to the require- 
'iS. 

Oshkosh building 
'ract (after adver- 
Co., of Sheboygan 
Falls, for $<ii^,&Oii, tuo ^x^..^ . ^ lified as to out off 

items mutually oomputed at $3,485, with stipulation that (at the 
option of the board,) the building should be fully completed for the 
additional $3,485, making the price to finish the building accord- 
ing to plans and specifications, $43,350. 

The contract was approved by the board, and at a subsequent 
meeting the contractors were notified that they would be required to 
oomplete the building at the stipulated price — $43,350. 

The building oommittee reported on Platteville and Whitewater 
buildings, with estimates of amount necessary to finish the latter. • 
By order of the board, the executive oommittee 6ub8equ:ntly di- 
rected Hon. N. M. Littlejohn, superintendent in the erection of 
Whitewater building, to finish the building according to the plans 
and specifications, which has been done, the principal item of ex- 
pense being the oompletion of the tower, which was let by contract 
for the sum of $1,400. A bell was also purchased, costing 
^38 29. 

At this meeting it was ordered that a special committee of three 
members of the board be appointed eaeh year, previoua to close of 



186 

last term of BohooU, to attend examination and assist in sondnctin^ 

same. 

The President reported tuition from Platteville schoo!, from Oc- 
tober 9, 1866, to July 1, 1868, amounting to 91,864 70, collected 
and paid into state treasury, in accordance with instructions of tEe 
board at its last meeting. 

At the annual meeting, held at Madison, July 15» 1869, the fol- 
lowing officers were elected : 

William Starr, President. 
Hanmer Bobbins, Vice President. 
A. J. Craig, Secretary » 

The executive committee were authorised to hare one or more 
skylights put in the roof of Oshkosh building ; also to have gaa 
pipes put in during the erection of the building. 

The faculty of each of the normal schools were authorised and 
instructed to make cabinet collections for illustraf^ing the natural 
sciences, and to establish a system of interchange with other schoohr 
and institations ; provided that no expense shall be incurred with- 
out the sanction of the executive committee, who are authorised ta 
expend not to exceed (200 for collections, shelves, cases, etc., for 
each school for current year. 

The secretary's salary was fixed at one hundred and fifty dollars 
per annum. The supply committee were authorized to print 1,00G 
copies of catalogue for each normal school. The executive commit- 
the reported bills for improvement and decoration of school grounds 
at Whitewater — total amount expended 9552.20, of which 9382.70 
was donated by citizens, teachers and students ; the balance, 9169.50» 
was ordered paid by the board. 

The executive committee were authorised to so arrange the do* 
sing of terms in normal schools as not to close on same day, or to 
interfere with the State University commencement. 

At this session the board unanimously adopted the following res- 
olution : 

** Whibxas, Bj previous action of this board, normal schools have been 
organized at Platteville and Whitewater, and the erection of a school baiM- 
ing commenced at Oshkosh; and 



187 

<*Whzbkib, By the PlattoTille and Whitewater schools, and the State TJni- 
Terflity, the educational wants of the southern portion of the State are tol' 
erablj prorided for, while the northern, north-eastern and north-western por- 
tions of the State are entirely destitute of State educational institutions; 
therefore, in order to obviate any misunderstanding which may be occasioned 
by previous resolutions, 

**JUaolve(ij That in the opinion of this board, the fourth normal school 
should be put in operation in the sixth or fourth congressional district*' 

Insnranoe has been effected fur the tenn of five years, at three 
per cent., upon Platteville bailding, fnmitare, &o., for ^30,000 ; 
npon Whitewater bailding, fornitnre, &o., for 935,000. This ex- 
penditure seemfl large, but having adopted the polioy of insuring, it 
seems eoonomy to insure for a long period, thereby obtaining 
eheaper rates. 

The Board have made the following regulations for admission to 
the normal schools. In the case of more than six applicants from 
any one Assembly district, the President and Secretary are author- 
ised to assign the excess to any unrepresented district, so that no 
student shall bo excluded as long as there is a vacant seat in the 
sohool. 

BIQULATIORS VOS ADMISSION. 

Adopted h^ the Board July, 1866. 

1. Each Assembly district in the state shall be entitled to six 
representatives in the normal schools^ and in case vacancies exist in 
the representation to which any Assembly district is entitled, such 
vacancies may be filled by the President and Secretary of the Board 
of Regents. 

2. Candidates for admission shall be nominated by the superin- 
tendent of the county, (or if the eounty superintendent has not ju- 
risdiction, then the nomination shall be made by the city superin- 
tendent of the city), in which such candidate may reside, and 
shall be at least sixteen years of age, of sound bodily health and 
good moral character. Each person so nominated shall receive a 
certificate setting forth his name, age, health and character, and a 
duplicate of such certificate shall be immediately sent by mail, by 

he superintendent to the secretary of the board. 



188 

3. Upon ibe presenUtion of saoh oertifieate to tbe Principal of 
a Nonnal School, the oandidaie shall be examined, under the direo* 
tion of said Principal, in the branches required by law for a Third 
Grade certificate, except History and Theory and Practice of 
Teaching, and if found qualified to enter the Normal School in re- 
spect to learning, he may be admitted, after furnishing such evidence 
as the Principal may require, of good health and good moral 
character, and after subscribing the followiog declaration : 

'* I, ■■ —I do herebj declare that my purpose in entering the 

State Normal School is to fit myself for the profession of teaching, and that 
It is my inteution to engage in teaching in the Schools of this State." 

4. No person shall be entitled to a diploma who has not been a 
member of the School in which such diploma is granted at least one 
year, nor who is less than nineteen years of age ; and a oertifieate 
of attendance may be granted by the Principal of a Normal Sohool 
to any person who shall have been a member of such sohool for one 
term, provided, that in his judgment such oertifieate is deserved. 

On the 9th day of September, 1868, ^he Normal School building 
at Platteyille was dedicated with appropriate ceremonies. The 
schools at Plattoville and Whitewater are now fully organized, and 
are in successful operation ; and the following statements show the 
Faculty, Course of Study and number of pupils in each, for the 
years 1868-0. 

PlcUteville Sohool. 

VAOULTT.' 

CHARLES H. ALLEN, 
Principal. 

DUNOAN KcGREGOR, 
Professor of Mathematics. 

D. GRAY PURMAN, 
Professor of English Language and Literature. 

A. H. TUTTLE, 
Professor of Katural Science. 



189 

FAKNY S. JOSLYN, 
Preceptress. 

J. H. TERRY, 
Principftl of Academic Department. 

EUBETTA A. GRAHAM, 
Principal of Model School. 

A. M. SANFORD, 
Vocal Music. 

FLORENCE WHITE, 
Oymnastics. 

^^ 
Jfamud StudenU^ 

Ladies • ••• 81 .... 

Gentlemen 69 .... 

Total 159 

Prtparatory and Aeademi^^ 

Ladies 67 .... 

Gentlemen 98 .... 

Total 165 

McddSehool 49 

Grand total 864 

The seDior class at Platteville haying completed a full three years' 
oonrse, graduated at the close of the summer terra. 
The full class is given below : 

SBNIOB OLASS. 



J^ames. 



Fnxik, Lewis 

Grigsby, Melvin '. . . . , 
Hntton, Andrew . . . . , 
Jones, Richard H. . . . 

Marshal], Ella 

Newberry, Geo. W.*. 

Rait, James 

Schroeder, Alyena E. . 
Sprague, Edward H. . 
Virgin, Mary E.* 



Postoffice. 



East Troy . 
Potosi .... 
Badger ... 

Platteyille 
Platteville 
Burlington 
Badgei . . . 
Platteville 
Lancaster . 
Platterille 



Dist. 



8 

a 

1 
8 
1 
2 

1 

•1 

8 

8 



County. 



Walworth. 

Grant. 

Portage. 

Grant. 

Grant. 

Walworth. 

Portage. 

Grant. 

Grant. 

Grant. 



^BS 



* Were not graduted. 



\ 



140 
WhitewcUer School, 

VAOULTT. 

OLTVER ARET. A. M., 

Principal and Professor of Mental and Moral Philosophy, and Theorj and 

Practice of Teaching. 

J. T. LOVEWELL, A. B., 
Professor of Mathematics and Latin Language. 

J. J. BROWN, M. D., 
Professor of Nataral Soienoea. ^ 

Mbs. H. E. G. AREY, a. M , 
Preceptress, and Teacher of English Literature, French and Drawing. 

Miss GLARINDA D. HALL, 
Teacher of Grammar, Geography and History. 

Miss HELEN M. BO WEN, 
Teacher and Critic in Academic Department. 

Mzss ETTA OARLE, 
Teacher and Oritic in Intermediate Department. 

Mss SARAH A. STEWART, 
Teacher and Oritic in Primary Department 

HARYET H GREENMAN, M. D., 

Professor of Vocal Music 

Miss VIRGINIA DEIOHMAN, 
Teacher of Instrumental Music. 

PUPIL TBAOHiaS. ^ 

SAMUEL R. ALDEN, 
Teacher of Elocution. 

POLAND P. FOWLER, 
Teacher of Gymnastics. 

OOUBBB Of STUDY. 

Three oonrBds of study are establislied — 

Isf. An IiutttfUe Oowr$e of one term* 
id. An Elementary Oourte of two yeart. 
8d. An Advanced Ooune of three yean. 



141 

The institute oourae is designed to meet the wants of those 
teachers who desire to familiarise themselves with the most approved 
methods of teaohing the subjects mentioned in the course. 

The elementary and advanced courses will have for their object^ 
thorough drill in the branches pursued, accompanied with instruo- 
tion in the best methods of teaching them. 

ILBMINTABT OOUASS. 



B. — ^1 

Higher Arithmetic. 

Grammar and AnalyBis. 

Geography, Use of Globes, Map Drawing. 

Beading, Orthography, and Impromptu Composition. 

Select Beading, Declamation and Gymnastica. 

Second Tehr^^ 
Algebra. 

History of the United States. 
Chemistry. 

Penmanship and Beading. 

Essays, Select Beadings, Declamations and Gjmnastios^ 
Lectures on Practice of Teaching twice a week. 
Criticism Lessons before the school daily. 

TMrdTtrm-' 
Geometry. 
Physiology. 
Civil GoTemment. 
Impromptu Composition. 

Essays, Declamations, Select Beadingit, and Gymnastics. 
Weekly Lectures by the Preceptress to the Ladles on Practical Life. 
Criticism Lessons daily. 

CLASS JU— SICOHD TIAB. 

Natural Philosophy. 

Bhetorio. 

Drawing and Book*keeping. 

Practice in Training Department. 

Essays, Select BeadiogSi Declamations, GymnastleSi 



144 

PUPILS. 

Ncmud8btdad» — 

Ladies 95 .... 

Gentlemen 11 .... 

ToUl 172 

TRAIRUia SCHOOL. 

Oranmiar D^parimaU — 

Boys 47 .... 

Total » 88 

Boys 27 .... 

Girls 28 

Total 65 

Primary Depatinmd — 

Boys 26 .... 

Girls 21 

Total 47 

Grand total 962 



Tbe following is a brief synopsis of the condition of the Income 
Fund and the ^veral Building Funds at the close of the fiscal year 
ending September 80th, as appears from the books of the State 
Treasurer and Secretary of State : 

NORMAL SCHOOL FtJND INCOME. 

Interest on principal due on lands $11 ,761 81 

Interest on certificates of indebtedness 34 , 896 00 

Tuition fees, Platteville Normal School 1,864 70 

Tnition fees, Whitewater Normal School 2 , 810 60 

Transferred from Whitewater Normal ^School 

bailding fund 880 99 



$62,212 60 

DubunemenJU, 

Expense of Regents $869 88 

Platteville Normal School 14,684 01 

Oshkosh Normal School • 60 60 

Whitewater Normal School 16,884 27 

Institates 2,089 76 

Expenses 1,827 67 

Wliitewater Normal School building fund, chap. 

128, G.L. 1869 6,000 00 

PlatteTille Normal School building fund, chap. 

128, G. L. 1869 4,000 00 

School fund income, chap. 687, 0. L. 1866 11 , 728 41 

Refunded on account of overpayment of interest 148 02 

162,212 60 $68,620 86 

Balance September 80, 1868 21,792 60 

Balance September 80, 1869 17,484 64 

$74,006 00 $74,006 00 



145 

PLATTEYILL1& NORMAL 80H00L BUILDING lUKD. 

Balance in the fund Ootober 1, 1868 tS^ns 62 

Town of PlatteTille 2,600 00 

Traoefer from Normal School fand income, as per 

act of legiBlatnre, chap. 128, laws of 1869 4 ,000 00 



JL. 



t9,676 62 



Work and material on tuilding |8,85'7 14 

Heating apparatus 788 86 

Balance in the fund September 80, 186i» 4,079 68 



$8,676 62 



WHITEWATEB KOBMAL SCHOOL BUILDING FUND. 
Transfer from Normal School Fund Income. ....... $6,000 00 . . 



DitbunemitnJU, 

K. H. Littlejohn, work and materials for building. . ^ $2,960 76 

8. A. White, fumitare , 649 66 

B. Waine, woirk on building 17 60 

Transfer to Normal School Fund Income. 880 90 



$6,000 00 $4,608 79 

Balance September 80, 1868 ^ 968 68 

Balance September 80, 1869» 1,469 89 

$5,968 68 $5,968 68 

—■ — ' 



OSHKOSH NOBMAL SCHOOL BUILDING FUND. 

RecnplB. 
Citj of Oskkosh $80,000 00 

Galaway, Bogers k Co., work and material for 

building $14,414 00 

Balance September 80, 1869 15,686 00 

$80,000 00 $80,000 00 

I » ■ ■ 

BBOBIPra AND IXPIHDITUSBS. 

Tie B oard has reoeiyed during the year : 

From tuition lees at Platteyiile $1,864 70 

From tuition feci at Whitewater 2,810 60 

From city of Oshkost donation to Building Fund 80,000 00 

Total $84^675 20 

All of irbioli bas been pitid into the state treasnrj. 
A detaUed statement of ezpenditucee ia herewith submitted. 
10 ^9or. Pub. Iml j 



1 


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157 

The bnildings at Platteville and at Whitewater are fioisbed, and 
although not as completelj famished with apparatus, library and 
cabinets as we desire, jet as much has been done in that direction 
as the board felt warranted in doing. 

The board has adopted the policy of a small appropriation for 
cabinet collections, with a system of collection of specimens by the 
faculty, and an interchange with other schools and societies, which 
it is believed will in time furnish each school with valuable cabinets 
illustrating natural history and science. 

It has been our aim that the schools should be sufficiently pro- 
vided with apparatus and cabinets, to so illustrate the elementary 
principles of natural science as to fit the graduates for the work of 
thorough elementary instruction in our public schools, whence the 
great majority of our population graduate, to enter no other school 
except the every*day school of practical life. 

We hope and expect from the graduates of our norma] schools 
sueh instruction in our public schools as shall tend to lay the 
foundations of correct methods in the acquisition of natural science 
— ^in order that what our children do learn shall be of practical use, 
and not need unlearning in the future. 

Mostly by donations from teachers, students and citisens, much 
has been already done to fit up and ornament the grounds at Platte- 
ville and Whitewater with trees, shrubbery and flowers ; and we 
hope, with very little expense to the fund, to present such sur- 
roundings at the Normal Schools as shall cultivate the taste and 
emulation of every teacher and friend of public schools in our state* 

The friends of popular education are everywhere awaking to the 
importance and necessity cf more general and thorough plans for 
the education of teachers for our public schools ; indeed, it may be 
considered the educational problem of the age, how our teachers can 
best be qualified and fitted for their work, which is not only the 
administration of our public schools, but their regeneration and 
reinvigoration in a new life. 

In the work of establishing Normal Schools, our state is already 
moving to the front rank ; and it is to be hoped that nothing may 
be done by those who shape the policies of the state to make a back, 
ward step necessary, but that whatever is requisite to increase ike 



158 

number and efficieooj of our Nonnal Sohook may be done with no 
grndgiog hand. 

When it is remembered that so (Uianj of onr teadiers were oon- 
parativdj untried in the speeial work of normal instructions and 
that each school required ijstematic organisation from materials 
more or less crude, and with teachers more or less inexperieneed 
and unacquainted with each other, it is belioTed we have cause for 
special gratulation in the work and results so far accomplished. 

In closing mj report of the doings of the board, I bear willing 
testimony to the public spirit which has characterised the actionn of 
its members ; not only in the gratuitous discharge of duties re- 
quiring much time, but in the spirit and seal with which they haye 
labored to do their whole duty, in fostering, proteoting and deyelop- 
ing the great interests committed to their charge. 

And I should certainly do injustice to the feelings of myself and 

other members of the board, did I fail to acknowledge how much 

the cause of normal school education is indebted to his Bxeellency 

Governor Fairchild, and to yourself, the Superintendent of Public 

Instruction, for the hearty and active sympathy and co-operation 

rendered us by yourselves, not only as members ez-officio of the 

board, but as the executive and chief educational officer of the 

Bute. 

WILLIAM STARR, 

Pre9%derU of <&e Board of Regents of Normal SehooU. 



159 



IL— BEPOBT OF THE PRESIDENT OF THE PLATTE- 

YILLE NOBMAL SCHOOL. 



Statb Nobhal Sohool, 

Plattitilli, Wis., Deo., 1869. 

Hon, A. J. CEAia, Superintendent of Public Inetrvetion: 

Dbab Sib : — ^I have the honor to snbmit to yon the following 
report of the progreBB and oondition of this State Normal School : 
The faculty, aB at present oonstitnted, is as foUowB : 

OHARLES H. ALLEN, 
President. 

DUNOAN HoGREOOB, 
Professor of Mathemfttics. 

J>. GRAY PURMAN, 
Professor of English Language ^and Literature. 

A. H. TUTTLB, 
Professor of Natural Science. 

FANNY B. JOSLYN, 
Preceptress. 

J. H. TERRY, 
Principal of Academic Department. 

EUBETTA A. GRAHAM, 
Principal of Model High School 

A. M. SANFORD, 
Vocal Mnslo. 

AUG. MIOHASUSa 
QermaA. 



160 

OOT7B8BB OT 8TUDT AND TEAIHIHO. 

Three ooorses of study were adopted by the Board : 

1. An Institute Course, 

2. An Elementary Cotarse. 
8. An Advanced Course. 

The Institate coarse is designed to meet the wants of those 
teaohers who possess the necessary scholastic requirements, yet feel 
the need of professional training. It will consist of a rapid review 
of the varions subjects taught in our common schools, with lectures 
upon the best methods of teaching the same ; lectures upon the 
organization, classification and government of schools, and the school 
law. 

The object .of the Elementary course is to fit students to become 
teachers in the common schools of our State, and will consist of a 
thorough drill in the studies pursued, experimental lectures on 
methods of instruction, and, if practicable, practice in the Model 
School. 

The Advanced course should fit teachers for the Higher Depart- 
ment of Graded Schools in the State, and, as will be seen from the 
detailed statement of the courses of study, is both thorough and 
practical. 

Students in the advanced course will have extended practice in the 
Model School, under the eye of experienced teachers, who will, bj 
kindly criticisms and pointed suggestions, strive to make the prac- 
tice conform to the theory of instruction. 

By circumstances, and the action of the Board, the three courses 
are virtually abolished, and we have but the third, or full course. 

We have neither instructional force nor room to provide for the 
" Institute course." At the time when such a class would be iui 
attendance, we have, for the last two years, been filled with pupils, 
more or less regular in attendance, but entering, of necessity, the 
regular classes. The Faculty have taught from /our to six classes 
per day, and it is hardly possible to .do more, especially when these 
classes number, as many of ours do, sixty pupils. 



161 



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In additioQ to the above, studeats will reoeive iastrnetion Bii<f 
drill in Penmanship, Yocal Music, Outline and Perspective Drawing, 
and the use of the Dictionary and Calendar. 

The Elementary course comprises the studies oi the first two years, 
with the following exceptions : Higher Algebra, Latin or Oerman, 
and Criticism omitted. Professional Training, Extemporaneous Com- 
position and Essays taking their place. 

This, with the exception of General History and Perspective Dravr- 
ing we have been able to accomplish. General History has been 
omited for want of time, and Perspective Drawing, as we have thi» 
year no teacher of this branch. 

The course of study is a little severe. It could, however, be 
easily accomplished had all who enter received the proper amount of 
discipline from preparatory studies. As it is, most pupils are eom- 
pelled to give four years to the course. 

MBTUODS OF INSTftUOTION. 

The methods of instruction are intended to be natural and thorough, 
it being the design to make' each recitation an illustrative exercise m 
the art' of teaching. Before leaving a study, pupils will be required 
not only to know what pertains to it, but to be M2 to do with 
accuracy and facility those things for wl^iob the study should pre- 
pare them. To secure this, the recitations will consist of training 
rather than tea**hing 

In the studies which should be taught in our public schools 
the knowledge must be especially clear and well defined. In the 
more advanced branches, which are introduced to give general 
information, the effort will be to give a general knowledge, with 
sufficient specific training, and such love of the study, that there 
will be both the ability and inclination to complete, after leaving 
the school, what has there been begun. 

TBXT BOOKS. 

Text books are furnished to students at a charge of from one 
dollar to one dollar and a half per term. It is well for students, 
however, to bring with them such books as they may have, for ref- 
erence. A large reference library of text books is accessible to pu- 
pilsi consiating of aiost of the modern text books published. 



163 

, SXAHINATIONS. 

The several classes have weekly writtea ezamiDations or reviews, 
and at the close of each term a public oral examination. During 
tbe last term of the year the board of examiners, appointed by the 
State Superintendent of Public Instruction, visit the school and 
examine, or cause tp be examined, such classes as they may choose 
from those taught during the year. A full record of these examin- 
ations is kept, and a sudimary from them makes up the student's 
final standing. 

ADMISSION. 

Candidates for admission should provide themselves with the nom- 
ination from their county or city superintendent before presenting 
themselves at the school. The examinations for admission are hold 
on the first day of the term, and studies assigned. 

Those who, upon examination, are found to possess the necessary 
qualifications are at once admitted to the full privileges of the school 
upon signing the following : 

'*In coQsideratioQ of adyantages lurnished me bj the Sta*^e of WiscoDein, 

I make the fuliowiDg deolaratioDS : I , do hereby declare that 

my design in entering this school is to fit mjself forthe business of teaching, 
and that it is my intention to engage in teaching in this State after leaving 
tbe normal school. I will report to the principal of the normal school at 
FlatteTiile ns often as twice every year for at least two years, and once each 
year thereafter, so long as I remain a teacher. When I leave the work of 
teaching, I will notify the principal of the school aforesaid, with my reasons 
therefor." 

Those who, in the opinion of the faculty, can fit themselves to 
enter in one term, are assigned to the preparatory class, and if any 
fall below this, to the model school. 

Tbe examinations are chiefly written, and the papers are filed for 
future reference. Candidates are admitted to advanced classes if 
properly qualified, but as the professiooal instruction and drill can 
not be given in less than one year, none are permitted to graduate 
in either course with less attendance. 

Academic pupils, and those who are not willing to make and carry 
cut the above declarations, will be charged a tuition fee. 

Of those who have received instruction in the dohool, a large 



164 

number have not fulfilled the agreement to report to the principal of 
the school, and we are therefore ignorant of their whereabonta. Nor 
are we able to fnrnish any report of how manj who haye been 
taught in the school are now teachers. Might it not be well to fur- 
nish county superintendents with a list of these delinquencies in 
their nomineeb that they may be better able to judge of moral ohar^ 
acter? « 

MODSI. SOHOOL. ' 

The law giving the board authority to establish normal sohoola, 
requires also the establishment of a model school or school for 
practice. 

In pursuance of this, the model school was opened at the time of 
the opening of the normal school. 

The school is under the immediate Ysharge of an experienced prin* 
cipal, and students in the normal school are, after having been 
sufficiently instructed in the theory of teaching, r<%quired to teacli 
one or more classes in the model school. 

By this arrangement, the model school is supplied with an abund- 
ant corps of teachers, and pupils attending it receive syftematie 
instruction and training in the various branches of study prescribed 
in its course. 

CONCLUSTOV. 

The attendance upon the school has gradually increased, until 
during the recess of the public schools we have all that can be 
accommodated. There is also a large increase in the numbers in 
the regular classes. 1 he senior class the present year numbers six- 
teen, against eight last year, and the other classes are proportion- 
ately increased. Two of the present senior class are availing them- 
selves of the provision of the board which allows pupils taught in 
other institutions to graduate after a year's training in the normal 
school. Were this regulation more, generally understood, it might 
largely increase the usefulness of our normal schools. In some de- 
gree proportionate to the increase in attendance has been the in- 
t)rease in zeal and earnestness on the part of those fitting them- 
aelves for teachers. We have, indeed, few who are teni to sohooL 
The school is thus gradually taking higher ground, and the board 



166 

wlio hare its interestB in keeping may confidently expect that its 
efficiency will be made more and more manifest. ' 

Calender for 1870, 

Spring term commences May 17th, closes July 14th. Examina- 
tion of graduating classes Jaly 12th and ISth. Gradaating ezer- 
isises July 14 th. 

Fall term commeuces September 6th. 

Thanlcfnl for the consideration extended to ns, both by the board, 
and by yoarself, sir, officially, 

I am, very respectfully,- 

Your obedient servant, 

CHAS. H. ALLEN. 

PreMxdemU 

Seport of Examining Committee, 

Hon. A. J. Obaio, 

Superintendent of Public Imtruction : 

Sib : The committee appointed as visitors and examiners of the 
normal school at Platteville beg leave to report : 

LOCATION. 

This normal school is located at Platteville, a healthy and hand- 
some village of 2,500 inhabitants, in Grant county, Wisconsin. 
The village is about twenty-four miles north from Galena, Illinois, 
fiome fifteen miles from th« Mississippi river, twenty-two miles west 
from Parlington, and about eighteen miles southwest from Mineral 
Point. Four miles east of the village stand the Platte Mounds, in 
La Fayette county, from whose summits may be seen the most beau 
iifnl agricultural portion of the state. Groves, prairie, mines of 
lead, eoil of abundant fertility, improvements developing every 
year into magnificence, and an energetic people, make this section 
desirable for both tourist and resident. Within 1870 the Dubuque, 
Platteville and Milwaukee Railroad will be completed to Platteville > 
thereby increaaing its prosperity and importance. The citiiens 



16& 

justly take deep interest in the saocess and advaneemeDt of the nor- 
mal sohool; and this interest should be increased by all proper 
applianceSy for the mutual benefit of both school and people. 

BUILDINGS. 

The buildings consist of one main stone edifice, three stories 
high, formerly the Platteville academy, forty feet wide facing the 
south, and seventy feet long running north. West of this maiu 
structure is a new building, two stories high, forty feet wide oa 
south and sixty feet long towards north. Uniting these two build- 
ings is a structure, corridor, three stories high, thirty-two by forty 
feet, also of stone. Under all the buildings is a basement, sup- 
plied with six furnaces for heating. The buildings are conveniently 
divided into recitation rooms, library, cabinet, study rooms, and 
hall or chapel, and afibrd every desired comfort for teachers and 
pupils. The grounds, consisting of about two and a quarter 
acres, are surrounded by a picket fence, painted white, and ave 
planted with young trees and some shrubbery. The buildings are 
all of a bluish variegated limestone, faced, well and soHdly built, 
finely lighted and ventilated, good cornices, and the whole, botir 
buildings, out-buildings, grounds and improvements, indicate taste, 
health, neatness and excellent order. The aggregate cost value of 
the buildings and grounds is about 9^0,000. 

THB SCHOOL. 

There are eight teachers — five gentlemen, three ladies. The 
academic year of forty weeks, for the year past, was divided into 
three terms ; the fall term opened September 8, and closed Decent 
ber 24, 1868 ; the winter term opened January 6, and closed April 
9, 1&69; the spring term opened April 19, and closed June 25, 
1869. The number of days taught during the year was — ^fall term, 
78; winter term, 69; spring term, 48; total days, 196. The 
number of pupils in attendance during the year was as follows : 

Normal Department — 

{-•die* 82 .... 

Gentlemen •.... 71 

lis 

Model Department 49 

Preparaturjr and Academiu ISS 

Total.. • .».. ^ ^ Ses 



167 

The peroentage cf regular attendanoo was — 

Normal Department 90^ 

Preparatory and Academic 96 

The perceDtage of pnnctiialitj was — 

Kormal Depar'meDt i 99^ 

Preparatory and Academic .96 

Average age in NTormal Department — 

Ladie9, years 19 

Gentlemen, years 20^ 



Your committee, on Wednesday, Thursday and Friday, June 16, 
17 and 18, examined the classes embraced in the following schedule : 



Department. 




Teacher. 



Junior, Normal 
Middle,. ..do. . 
Senior,. ..do.. 
Preparatory,... 
Junior, Normal 
Senior, . ..do.. 
Senior, . . .do.. 

Middle, Normal 
Model,. ...d>.. 

Irrego!ar 

Senior, Normal 

Mixed 

Mixed 



Physical Geography. 

Criticism , 

Astronomy 

Geography , 

Rhetoric 

English Literature.. 
Geology 



Higher Algebra 

Botany 

Latin "B" 

Theory and Practice of Teaching 



Vocal Music "B^V 
Vocal Music **A'\ 



Prof Tuttle. 
Prof. Allen. 
Prof. McGregor. 
Mi68 Josljn. 
Prof. Purman. 
Prof. Allen. 
Prof.^uttle. 

Pro:. McGregor. 
Miss Joslyn. 
Prof. Purman. 
Prof. Allen. 

Prof. Sanford. 
Prof. Sanford. 



Your committee also examined the methods of teaching in the 
preparatory and the model department, and attended the recitation 
of classes therein. Our visit to the school was unheralded, unex- 
pected ; our examination was as thorough as our time allowed. We 
went, not for the purpose of writing a euhigy, but to inform our- 
selves of the real condition of the school, and to perform our duty 
Afl examiners fearlessly and honestly. The result of our labors was* 
to our minds, gratifying. We found the institution in prospering 
condition ; the buildings not only commodious but handbome ; both 
teachers and scholars awake to their respective duties. 

Neyertheless, as the school was not opened until October 9, 1866, 
it cannot be expected that within so brief a period, it has reached 



an nitim&te degree of adyaatages, nsefnlDess or exoellenee. A 
bailding on the east side of the present main edifice, similar in auo' 
and style to that ereoted by the state on the west side» and corre- 
sponding to it, is imperatively needed so soon as the finances of the 
state will permit, for rooms where the studSents may board and lodge. 
Now, all the scholars mnat find board in the Tillage. We submit 
that better order and discipline, better adTancement, more e$prit dtt 
corp$, a fioer and healthier scholastic atmosphere, are attainable 
and assured, by the students boarding together in academic build- 
ings provided for the purpose, than by being all dispersed through- 
out a village. 

Stated hours of required physical exercise we also regard as a 
desideratum in this institution. Not that we would recommend » 
separate professorship of calisthenics or gymnastics ; but if all the 
students were divided into two classes, the gentlemen in one olaaa, 
the ladies in another, and thoroughly drilled each day in physical 
training, it would be found that mental f jrce would be increased 
with bodily health and strength. For the gentlemen, military drill 
is a splendid and masterly exercise. We unhesitatingly recommend 
its sdoption in every Normal School of the state. 

We would also suggest even greater attention to reading and elo- 
cution. The manner always is only next in importance to the mot^ 
ter. As one great object of the Normal Schools is to qualify teach- 
ers for their holy and responsible work, surely to instruct them how 
to read and declaim excellently ; how to stand, move and act grace- 
folly ; how to be finished in manner as well as oultivated in mind — 
is of prime and vital importance. Too little attention is paid to 
this noble subject. A professorship, comprising physical training, 
rhetorical reading and elocution, with a rule requiring all the schol- 
ars to take daily lessons, we regard as very necessary and foil of 
the happiest prospective results. 

A further requisite, as we regard it, is a carefully digested code 
of rules for the discipline and police of the school. The grand rule, 
** Do right," is well so far as it goes. It is perfect as a text, in ad- 
dressing and developing the moral sense ; but it cannot be expect- 
ed that students coming from all quarters of the country, raised dif- 
ferently, with different dispositions, and many perhaps for the first 



169 

time absent from their sohcols at home, can be Buooessfally govern* 
ed and perfectly tutored for months, without any written rules «f 
order or discipline in the institution. To proceed thus, is at best 
but a hazardous experiment. As the village becomes more popu- 
lous, and the number of students increases, the adoption of such 
wisely considered rules will be found more and more necessary; soon 
indispensable. They should be adopted now. We ask your eare- 
fvl attention to this portion of our report. The Faculty at Platte- 
ville are every way worthy and well qualified to execute this trust 
and duty for the good of all concerned. 

In conclusion, we will add that the normal school at Platteville is 
already an honor to the state. Though young, it is already making 
a creditable history. It is the foundation of a broad and compre- 
hensive usefulness. The early and systematized adoption of the im- 
provements and requisites above stated, will add to its field of labor 
and duty, still brighter omens and incentives, still better facilities, 
as your committee believe. The teachers, one and all, are the right 
ones in the right place ; the students genteel, earnest, thorough. 
Other topics, connected with the school, we had intended to treat, 
but in tbe hope that the above suggestions will be first considered 
and adopted, we forbear. 

Bemembering the kindness that welcomed our stay at Platteville, 
appreciating the many real excellencies in this normal school, and 
hoping it will soon be one of the great mental and moral centres of 
the whole state, we remain, 

With thoughtful consideration. 

Yours for true education, 

JOHN G. CLARK, 
W. W. LIKENS, 
HENST 8. MAOOON. 

Platteville, Wisconsin, August 81, 1869. 



170 



HL— REPORT OF THE PRESIDENT OP THE WHITE- 
WATER NORMAL SCHOOL. 

Hon. A. J. Oeaig, 

StperintendeiU of Public Instruction : 

• 

Sib — Since the dateof my last report thie Institution has steadily 
progressed. The departments have worked harmoniously togt'ther 
and satisfaotory results bsTe heen reached. The members of the 
faculty have been unremitting in their labors, and the students hkve 
co-operated willingly. Changes have occurred in the faculty, bat 
nothing of a nature to impede seriously the progress of school. The 
general character of the students wiU compare favorably with that 
of those in other Normal Schools, while a larger percentage of males 
is in attendance than in similar eastern Institutions. The school 
is not local in its influence. Students from remote parts of the State 
are in constant attendance, and both gentlemen and ladies who have 
been in the care of the school for a season are already at the work 
for which they have partially prepared themselves. During the 
present term forty have been sent out to the work of teaching, and 
so far as they have been heard from, are giving satisfaction to their 
patrons. 

The demand for well qualified teachers has exceeded the power 
of the Institution to supply. The wages offered students for 
services during the winter have varied from thirty to eighty dollars 
per month. For teachers competent to take charge of graded schools, 
from one thousand to twelve hundred a year have been freely ten- 
dered. Of this latter grade of teachers, the school has as yet fur- 
nished none, but during the coming year our first class will graduate, 
when the Institution will be able to meet this demand to a limited 
extent. 

The first term was opened April 22, 1868, and 48 pupils were 
registered in the normal department, and 102 in the training de« 
partment. During the present term 147 have entered the normal 



171 

department, and 120 in the training department, makin/; a total in 
all departments of 272. Jnnior, middle and senior classes have 
been formed, thus perfecting the organisation of the school, and 
affording to all who may desire to connect themselves with the 
institntion an opportunity to enter regolarly those classes to which 
their examination will admit them. 

The literary qualifications of the students have not been all that 
coald be desired ; but when the circnmstances under which the 
flohool opened are fairly considered, there can be found no just 
oaaae of discouragement. In point of earnestness, devotion to 
the work of teaching, and a higher moral sense t>f the resp onsibili- 
ties to be assumed, the pupils will disappoint no reasonable ex- 
pectations. 

The whole number of students in attendance during 1869 is 384. 

LOOATIOH. 

This school is located at Whitewater, Walworth county, a village 
oontaining from three to four thousand inhabitants, and situated on 
the line of the Milwaukee and Prairie du Chien Railway. It is only 
a few miles from the junction of the Chicago and Northwestern with 
the Milwaukee and Prairie du Chien road, and about one hundred 
miles northwest of Chicago. It is thus easy of access, and located 
in the most densely popnlated portion of \^'i8Consin. 

The ground on which the normal school building stands, is found, 
by recent surveys, to be the highest point between Lake Michigan 
and the Mississippi, and the wide extent of rolling prairie, oak 
openings and small lakes which it overlooks, renders its position one 
of great beauty. 

BUILDIMQ AND QBOUNDS. 

The edifice is new, built of eream-colored brick, and is of the 
modem style of architecture. It is one hundred and eight feet 
long, by fifty-seven wide, and three stories high above the basement. 
The whole building is heatod by steam, thoroughly ventilated, and 
no necessary labor or expense has been sp^red^ to adapt it to the 
purposes far which it has been designed. 

The grounds embrace an area of ten acres, which have been 
handsomely graded and ornamented with walks, lawns, evergreens, 



m 

Bbrnbs and flowers, tbe wbole designed to illastrate to the stadents 
tbe necessary surroandiDgs of the sohool-honse — to caltivate the 
SBsthetic as well as the reasoning powers, and to awaken in the stu- 
dents a love of nature which shall find practical expression where- 
ever tbej may be called to labor. 

SISION AHD OBOANIZATION. 

The design of the school is to furnish teachers for the pubHo 
schools of the state, thoroughly trained for their profession. 

In its organization it consists of a normal and a training depart- 
ment. The normal department is to provide thorough instruction 
in all the studies pursued, conducted in accordanco with the most 
approved methods in teaching. The students will thus be familiar- 
iied with the best methods of instruction at the same time that 
they are acquiring the knowledge necessary for their profession. 
As first impressions are the most enduring, it is thought that drill 
in studies and methods of teaching should run parallel with eaoh 
other. 

The training department connists of three sub-departments — the 
primary, intermediate and academic. Its object is to test the pu. 
pils' power of self-control, their capacity to govera others, and to 
afford them an opportunity to practice modes of teaching with which 
they have been made familiar in the normal department. This prac- 
tice will be had under the supervision of experienced instructors, 
who will point out their errors, commend their excellencies, suggest 
to them means of improvement, and thus enable students to- deter- 
mine for themselves whether they are qualified to undertake the 
arduous work of teaching. 

During this period of work in the training department the pupils 
•re called forward with their classes,- in the assembly rootai, and 
their method of management tiubjeoted to the close but kindly erit* 
ioism of teachers and fellow students. They are thus enabled to 
overoome any natural diffidence, and to correct such errors of man* 
ner and method as would otherwise be liable to form pemicioos 
habits highly detrimental to their future work. Other criticism 
lessons are also interspersed with the daily work of the school, 
testing and strengthening the power of management in the pupil, as 



.178 

well as the perception of a necessity of thorough drill at the hands 
of the teaohor, 

PRXTILIGSS or THS PUPILS. 

All normal pupils will receive their tuition trie. A well selected 
reference library will be open to the students at all times. A por- 
tion of this library has already been obtained, to which all students 
have access. All necessary text books will be furnished for the 
slight charge of one dollar per term. If students own books on the 
subjects of the courses of study, they will do well to bring them, 
together with such books of reference as they may possess. 

OOUBSXS OF STUDY. 

Three courses of study are established — 

1st. An ImtittUe coane of one term, 
2d. An elementary court e of two years. 
8cl. An advanced eowrse of three years. 

The InstivUte course is designed to meet the wants of those teach* 
ers who desire to familiarize themselves with the most approved 
methods of teaching the subjects mentioned in the course. 

The elementary and advanced courses will have for their object 
thorough driU in the branches pursued, accompanied with instruc- 
tion in the best methods of teaching them, 

BIPAETMXNT OP NATURAL SOIXNCS. 

This department possesses a fair supply of chemical and philo. 
Bophical apparatus which furnishes facilities for the illustration of 
most subjects embraced under Chemistry and Natural Philosophy. 
Instruction in the use of apparatus and directions for extemporising 
the simpler kinds, as well as practice to some extent in the actual 
manipulations of the laboratery, have been furnished. Physiology, 
"wherever possible, has been illustrated by the microscope and by 
actual dissection of subjects from the lower animals. An attempt 
has been made during the present term to collect a cabinet iQustr»- 
tive of Mineralogy, Qeology, Zoology and Botany, which has been 
attended with unexpected success. The register entries amount to 
802, embracing over 2,500 specimens, all donations. Aside from 
tiiisi three Litholegical coUeetionSy made in the vioinityy have been 



prepared for use ia the various departments. Donations to these 
eolleotions are earnestly desired. Full credit upon the records and 
upon the labels will be given for everything presented. 

PHTSIOAL SXXB0I8B. 

A teacher of light gymnastics is connected with the school.^ A 
sufficient apparatus for the pupils now in attendance has been se- 
cured, and the classes brought into successful training. We believe 
that such exercise, wisely managed, gives vigor to the body and 
activity to the brain, and that it is thus time and strength saved to 
the pupil. ^ 

As a result of a brief introduction of these exercises between the 
hours of study and class work, it is found that the health of the pu- 
pils during the past year has been maintained at a higher average 
than is common. 

PROMPT ATTXNDANOB. 

It is desirable that the pupils should reach Whitewater one or two 
days before the opening of the school. This will give them sufficient 
time to secure suitable places for boarding, and to prepare them- 
selves to enter promptly upon the discharge of their duties as sta- 
dents. On arriving, pupils wOl report themselves at the principars 
office in the school building, where all necessary assistance will be 
rendered them by the faculty. They wi<l retain their checks until 
after boarding places have been secured, when their baggage will be 
delivered. Examination for classification will commence at nine 
o'clock on the first morning of the term. 

BOARD. 

Board can be obtained in Whitewater at from (3.00 to (3.50 per 
week. Facilities will be afforded for club board or self board to 
such as may desire it. Those adopting this method of board may 
bring their expenses within two dollars per week, though a different 
plan is perhaps more favorable for study. 

TRAINING SCHOOL. 

Primary Department — The Primary Department is conducted 
partly upon the Pestaloiiian system, and the rooms are already fur- 



175 

nisbed with a fair amount of material for this work. It is opea to 
the pupils of the normal department for observation in the system 
of objeot teaohiDg,«and for practice under the eye of the critic. 

Intermediate Department. — This department, in which the ele- 
ments of arithmetic, geography, map drawing and history are given, 
is also open to practice to the pupil teachers of the normal depart- 
ment. 

Acadeijiic Department, — This department indndes the highest 
grade of pupils in the training school. These pupils, where their 
studies eorre spend, are placed in the same classes with the normal 
pupils, having thus all the facilities of instruction given in the 
higher department. This gives them the best educational facilities 
that an academy can afford. 

The school being composed of teachers and those preparing for 
the work of teaching, its discipline and moral tone can be main- 
tained at a higher average than in ordinary schools, the pupils, in 
all departments, working harmoniously with their teachers, and find- 
their happiness in appropriate schpol duties. There are few acad- 
emies where the appointments of the school room are as desirable, 
or the libraries and apparatus as complete as may be found here. 

Instruction in linear, perspective and water-color drawing and oil 
painiing, and in instrumental music, can be obt lined at moderate 
prices. Instruction in elementary drawing is given in these depart- 
ments without extra charge. 

ADMISSION TO TEiblNCNO SOHOOL, 

Application for admission to the training department should be 
made either in person or by letter to the principal, or to the Hon. 
8. A. White. 

The rates of tuition in this department are as follows : 

Primary 80 eents per week. 

Intermediate 40 do 

Academic 70 do 

Lessons on piano .^ $12 00 

Linear drawing .* 6 00 

Water-color drawing 6 00 

Oilpaintiug 12 00 



176 

80BOLAK8BIP AHD DIPOBniBHT. 

A daily record ib kept of the reoit&tions and deportment of eaek 
pnpil, and entered on the books of the in8titutii)n for future refers 
ence, so that the character and scholarship of the pupil can at any 
time be called up, enabling us to place at once in the hands of those 
requiring information on these points, a transcript of their work 
while here. 

flUPBRTIBIOH. 

All necessary supenrision will be held over the habits and deporU 
ment of the pupils in their boarding houses. They will be held to 
a strict account for the keeping of study hours, and no calls will be 
allowed during the time set apart for this purpose. No ladies of 
the normal school will be allowed to receiye calls from gentlemen af* 
ter 6 o'clock in the evening, or to ride or walk with them without 
permission from the principal. 

Such rules of jipright lady-like and gentlemanly deportment will 
be given to the pupils as will tend to their growth in moral excels 
lence and in that cultivation of manners which may place them as 
models before their pupils when they are called to teach. All pupils 
are expected to yield ready obedience to the regulations of tbe 
school, as it is self-evident that no others are suitable candidates for 
the work of teaching. 

I.IT1BAET 800IITIBS. 

Two active literary societies have been organised and are now in 
successful operation. 

THS STUDINT'S DAT. 

One day in each term the faculty retire and give the care of tbe 
Institution into the hands of the students. From among their num- 
ber a temporary Principal, Preceptress and Professors are chosent 
who take entire charge of the school and conduct its exercises. 

The object of thus putting the Institution under tbe care of tbe 
students is to4est their moral culture, their executive ability and 
their devotion to their work. Thus far this day's work has been 
mobt successfully performed, the best results obtained, and the daj 
is held to be the most profitable one of the term. 



177 

VnMB AND TA0ATI0N8. 

The Soholastio year is divided into three terms : The first to 
oommeDce on the first Tuesday of September, and to consist of six- 
teen weeks ; the second to commence on the Tuesday succeeding 
New. Year's day, and to consist of fourteen weeks ; and the third to 
oonsist of ten weeks, and to end on the last day of June. 

Bespeonully smbmitted, 

OLIVER AREY. 

Prendeni. 



Report of the Examining Committee* 

To Hon. A. J. Cbai0, 

State Sfqferintendeni of Public Inttruetion : 

Dbab Sib : Haying ^^n appointed by you to visit the White^ 
water Normal School, we would respectfully report that we met on 
the 9th and 10th instants, and to the best of our ability dis- 
charged our duty. 

The beauty of the grounds impressed us favorably. Oarefnlly 
protected shade trees surrounded the campus, gracefully traced 
walks were made, and great skill, taste and labor had been expen- 
ded in ornamenting the front grounds. 

The boUding kas been constructed, finished and furnished in 
B manner creditable to our state, and due care seems to have been 
exercised to preserve this valuable property in good condition. In 
the rooms of the model school were found pictures, flowers, and 
ooUections of plants, minerals and shells. If onr teachers, who 
are tzained here, go forth with true ideas of what a cultivated 
taf te may do to make a school room attractive, this will not be 
the leaet of the results attained here. 

We visited every departmentt and heard recitations conducted by 
eveiy teacher, and by several of the normal pupils. All the teach- 
ers seem to be ably and enthusiastically engaged in their work. It 

IB Sup. Pub. Inm , ^ 



178 

was soon evident that though ia very few sohools, of any el^ss, ftre 
the Boiences and literature taught more thoroughly than here, snob 
inatraotion ia by no moans the ohief buaineaa. 

How to make the beat teaohera ia the one dominant thought. 

Thorough mental diaoipline, facility and aocuracy of expreadon, 
and an earnest apirit of inveatigation, are the oharacteriatisii olT the 
pupils. 

The teaohera and soholars, while retaining a due reyerenee for 
authority, are no slaves to text booka. These were soareely seen 
in the olaases, and th^ pupils were required, when the subyeot would 
allow, to study their lessons topically and to consult varioua au- 
thoritiea. 

In the model school the very best methods of teaching are prao- 
tieed by experienced teachers. 

In this and in their own classes, the normal pupils have the 
privilege of aeeing the best methods pursued, and of perfecting 
themselves by actual practice. 

All teachers feel that the most difficult part of teaching is the 
interosting and profitiag of primary scholars. The primary depart- 
ment of the model school seemed perfection. With such pattems, 
and with the methods used in the school to induce the normal schol- 
ars to equal the models, we do not see how any one, who has any 
adaptation to teaching, can fail to succeed 

We were not present at the meetings of the literary societies, but 
learned from the students that two interesting societies, one among 
the ladies and one among the gentlemen, met weekly. 

The government of the school is neither license nor tyranny, bnt 
a system of self-government, under regulations — ^regulations whieb 
must be heeded to secure membership in the school. 

The opening religious exercises of each day were deeply impres- 
sive. Wo have seldom seen a gathering, even in the churches, more 
devout, or a more general participation in the exercises. 

Just such a healthful moral and religious influence appeared to 
pervade the school as will assibt in making successful teachers and 
good citiiens. 

Such of the committee as are superintendents wish to add thai 
the majority of those teachers in their respective districts who have 



179 

attended the nonnal iehooli give evidenoe of having received from 
it great profit. 

W« oannot dose without oongratidating yooy and through you 
the Board of Segents, and the people of Wisoonflin, that such a 
sohool ia estahliehed in our state, that it is manned by suoh an able 
faeulty, and eepeoielly that there standi a^ its 'head auoh a perfeot 
master of his profession as Professor Oliver Arey. 

ELON LBB, 
HBNBT OOLEMAN. 
8. M. HAWE&L 

Examining OammdUee.' 
WoiTiwATn, Wis.p June 10, 1869. 



AJOnJAL EEPOET 

OF TBB 

BOABD OP BBGBNTS 

Of TBX 



XJNIVEBSITY OF WISCONSIN, 

rOB THK 

FISCAL 7BAB ENDING SSPTEMBEB 80, 186». 



BOARD OF REGENTS. 



Tlnrnt Mjwv >Eri< ITomZay Ml ^eftrMory, 1870. 

H. D. BARRON St. Oboix Fills 

R. B. SANDERSON Buui.* 

F. 0. THORPE FomdduLao. 

JOHN G. MoMTNN Raozki. 

J. 0. COYER Lahoastir. 

Ttnm iKpir§ Jlrtl M<mdajf tn JNmutry^ 1871. 

H. H. 0RA7 Dablxhotoh. 

AUG. L. SMITH Applbtoit. 

B.R.BINOKLET OooBOMOiroo. 

SAM'L FALLOWS Milwaukbb. 

JACOB S. BXJGH Wautoma. 

TwvM ajAn ftrtt Mondojf in FBbruarff, 1872. 

ANTHONY VAN WYOK MnwAunB. 

ANGUS OAMERON LaGboso. 

C. 8. HAMILTON FomdduLao; 

J. 0. GREGORY Madisob. 

K. B. TAN 8LYEX Madibob. 



* f Ml OfllM tdAZMB) MH^'U Ky P t 



OFFICERS. 



0. 8. HAMILTON. 



N. B. Yar StiTU, B. B. 8Am>ikBo«, J. 0, Gkmost, 



JOHN 8. DEAN, 

nOBITABT. 

WM. E. BMITH, Suue Trea$uter, 

■x-oinoio fUAsinanu 



ANNUAL REPORT. 



To His EzoeUeney, Lucius Faibohilb, 

Oovemor of ike State of Wieconein : 

In oomplianoe with the requirements of seotion 12 of the law of 
18M, re-organiBiDg tbe Uniyerpity, I have the honor to submit here- 
with the report of the Board of Regents on the oondition and pro- 
gress of the University daring the past collegiate and fiscal year, 
ending Sept. 80, 1869. 

The Faculty and Instructors are as follows: 

P. A. OHADBOURNE, M. D., LL.D., 

President and ProfeMor of Meutal and Moral Philosophy. 

JOHN W. 8TBRWNG. LL.D.. 

Vice President and Professor of Natural Philosophy and Astronomy. 

JOHN B. PARKINSON, A. M., 

Professor of Mathematics. 

STEPHEN H. CARPENTER, A. M„ 

Professor of Rhetoric and English Literature. 

WILLIAM F. ALLEN, A. M., 

Professoi of Ancient Langaages and History. 

JOHN B. FBULING, Ph. D., 

Piofeaaor of Modern Langoaget and Compantira Philology. 

W. W. BANIELLS, M. S.» 
FrofeMor of Agricultore and Analytical Olienilitry. 

JOHN B. DAVIES. M. B., 

ProfoMor of Katoral History and CtMinittry. 

ADDISON B. VEBRILL, A. M.. 
PiofMMr of OoniparatiTe Anatomy and Kntomology. 



184 



Hon. L. 8. DIXON, LL.D.r 

Chief Jastice of the Supreme Coort of Wisconainv 

Profenor of Law. 

Hoir. ORSAMUS GOLK, LL.D., 

AModate Jastice of the Supreme Ooart of WieooDsin^ 

Frofeasor of Law. 

Hon. BYRON PAINE, LL.D., 

Aseociate Jjstice of the Supreme Ooart of WisoooBin^ 

Professor of Law. 

HoM. H, S. ORTON, 

Dean of Law Faculty. 

J. H. CARPENTER, Esq., 

Professor of Law. 

WM. F. VILAS, LL.B., 

Professor of Law. 

D. B. FRANKENBUROER, Ph. B., 

Listructor id Preparatory Department. 

R. B. ANDERSON, Ph. B.. 

Instructor In Languages. 

Hiss CLARISSA L. WARE, 

Preceptress of Female College. 

Miss CLARA D. BEWICK, Ph. B,, 

Teacher of Latin and History. 

Miss LIZZIE S. SPENCER, Ph. B., 

Teacher of English Branches. 

Hiss FRANCES BROWN, 

Teacher of Music 

Miss LOUISA BREWSTER, 

Teaohef of Drawing and Painting. 



I. THE COLLEGE OF ARTS. 



Candidates for admisuoQ to the College of Arts are ezamined in 
Unglish Grammar, Oeographj, Mental and Written Arithmetio, 
and in Algebra to Quadratic Equations ; and must be at least fifteen 
years of age. 

Candidates for advanced standing must, in addition to the studies 
named above, pass examination in those peyiously pursued by the 
elass which they propose to enter, or in studies equivalent to 
them. 

The following is the course of instruction in this department : 

FfiESHMAN TEAB. 

VIBST TIRM. 

Mathematics Elementary Algebra. 

Language « . . Sentential Analysis. 

History United' States. 

Lectures Health and Methods of Study. 

Elective French, Latin, Oreek and Scandinavian 

Languages. 

SIOOND TlRM. 

Mathemaixcs Elementary Algebra completed. 

Plane Oeometry. 

Language Analysis and Composition. 

Geography Physical. 

Natural History. . . Lectures. 

Elective » « .. French, Latin, Greek and Scandinavian 

Languages. Book Keeping. 



186 

THXBD Timil. 

M€UhmnaH€9 Solid Geomotry. 

Language ^ . GndkB' English of Shakespeare. 

Seiemee filements of Natural Philosophy. 

Physiology. 

Elective French, Latin, Qreek and 

Languages. 

' Themes and Declamations weekly during the year. 

SOPHOMORE TEAR. 

VIRBT T1BM« 

MiUhematiee Higher Algebra — Loomis. 

Oerman Otto's GonTcrsation Oraqimar, 

Natural Hietoiy .. , Botany, 
Htetarg Roman Empire. 

Elective Studtee. . . Practical Botany and Agriculture, French and 

Latin. 

8100HD TUM. 

Mathemattct Algebra completed—- Loomis. 

Oonic Sections ** 

Oerman Otto's Oonyersation G-rammar. 

Hxelory Mediaoval — Student's France. 

Elective Stndiee . . . History of Useful Plants, Physical Geography, 

Glimatology, French and Latin. 

THIRD TBBM. 

Maihematice. . . • • • Plane Trigonometry, Mensuration, Surveying 

and Navigation — ^Loomis. 

Oerman Select Prose and Poetry. 

NfiM^wral Hietcry , . . Botanical Analysis — Ghray's Manual. 
Hietory Modem — Student's France. 

Elective Studiei. . • Horticulture, French^ Latin. 

Themea and Declamations weekly during the year. 



• 



18T 



JUNIOB TBAB. 

VIEBT TBBX. 

McUhemaitei .••••• Spherioal Trigonometry*-Looiiii0 

Analytioal Oeometry— Loomis. 

Xhetarie Day's Art of Difooone. 

Chemistry YomnanB. 

Naiwnd SiMtarg. • • Mineralogy*— Dana. 
Suman Anatomy . . Leotnres. 

JBUcHve Studies. . . Laboratory Praotioe, Qualitative AsMlyritt 

Blowpipe Analyntm 

SlOOirB TIBM. 

JPkyeiee Snell's Olmsted began — ^Leotnrea. 

(Xvil Polity Political Boonomy---Perry, 

Ckemiitry • .*. Organic and applied. 

Haimal Hietory. • • Zoology begnih^Agaasii. 

Elective Studiee. . . Diflferential and Integral Oalcnlns, Laboratory 

Practice, QutuUitcttive Andlyiie. 

THIBD XIBIC 

• 

Phynce ..•••••.•• Snell'e Olmeted completed— Lectaree. 

Civil Polity International Law» Oonatitation of the 

United States. 
Jfaiutal Hietory . . . Zoology oompletod. 

General Physiology. 
MiUory Bngland^-^tudent's Home. 



JBlecHve Studies. . • Natural History of Domestic An!mals» Ento- 
mology. 

Themes and Declamations weekly daring the year. 



188 

1 



SBNIOB TBAB. 



VIEBT TIEH. 



Aihronomff Snell's 0)tnt(ed, ind Leotnra. 

Mental Philoiophy. Haren, and Leotores. 
JSngliihLiteraimre. Shaw. 
Aettheties BaBoom. 

Elective Studtee. . . Examioatioa of Soils— -Forestry. 

Ehetorie Bascom, 

Logic Whatelej. 

. Moral PKiloeophy . HopkinSy and Leotures. 
Englieh Literature. Leotures. 
Natural History. . . Oeology and Mining. 

Elective Studiee . . . Modem Laognages, Ohemioal AaalysiB^ De- 
terminative Mineralogy. 

THIKD TXBV. 

Natural Theology . , Ohadboame. 

flvidencee Lectures. 

Sietory Ouisot's History of OiviKsation. 

General Reriew. 

Elective Studiee. . . Beyiewd. 

Oritical Essays, Deolanations* and Vorsnsie Disputations, ireMf 
during the year. 



This College was organized especially to meet the require* 
ments of Congress in granting the appropriation of land for indus* 
trial schools. Its object is to provide not only for a general scien- 
tific education, but also for such a range of studies in the applica- 
tion of science as to meet the wants of those who desire to fit theoft- 
selves for agricultural, mechanical, commercial, or strictly scientific 
pursuits. One hundred students are now in its regular classes. 



189 

and nearly all of the UniTeriity Bindeoti sboiilcl be reekoned as 
beloDgiog to this college, making an aggregate of one hundred and 
SHjf eoDolnsive of the preparatory classes. The departments of 
Agrionltnre and Engineering are both branches of this college. 

The whole income from the congressional grant has, np to this 
time, amounted to leM than (6,000 ; of this income only {2,388.05 
has been expended. The Experimental Farm was the generous 
pit of the people of Dane county. The farm buildings were 
erected and other permanent improvements made with the balance 
of the Dane county grant not expended in the purchase of the land. 
But means for the working of the farm, the fitting up and supply- 
ing the Analytical Laboratory and other scientific appliances, as 
well as all expense for instruction, haye been supplied entirely from 
the TTniyersity funds, excepting the small sum mentioned aboYC, 
Iowa has a yearly income of oyer (80,000 for her Agricultural 
College ; Michigan secures to &er college a sum nearly as large. 
We haye had from the Congressional grant, for three years, 
an ayerage income of less than (2,000 annually, with which 
nothing could haye been done without the aid of the Uniyersity. 

For an account of the farm, the experiments, and the general 
condition of the Department of Agriculture, I beg leave to refer to 
the report of Professor W. W. Daniells, hereto annexed. 

It is gratifying to be able to state that the number of students 
pursuing special scientific studies pertuning to industrial pursuits is 
constantly increasing, and much of the work done by them is of a 
high order. The committee appointed by the Begents to conduct 
the examination the present year, use the following language in re- 
ference to the classes in science : 

'* The examiners take pleasure in mentioning in particular the 
profioienoy attained by obflses in the natural sciences. There was 
shown a thoroughness of knowledge and breadth of attainment that 
placed them abreast of daases instructed in the older scientific 
aohools of our land. It is with not a little pride that we accept as 
a fact the advance of the institution into the front rank in this de* 
pftrtment of instruction. '' 

In these qpecial departmenti^ the labor of instmeting becomes 
Tery great, as little can be done for ihe students in classeft* Thus 



190 

fur we haye teen aUe to meet all demanda made upon the TTniTeni- 
tj for instmotion, and it ia oonfidently hoped that fands will be se- 
cured from sale of lands to proYide for new departmenta aa thej are 
needed. 



00UB8E OF STUDT IN THE p£PABTMBNT OF Aa&f- 

OULTURB. 

ViaST TBAB. 

Firtt Term. 
BoTAHT.-^Straotaral Botany, incladiog microeoopie examination of 
tiBenes and other minute Btruoturee. Phyeiologioal Botany, 
including the germination and growth of plants. Systematio 
Botany, or olassifioation of plants, including a disoussion of the 
general principles of classification in the different departments 
of Natural History. The limitations of species and ori^^n of 
varieties, with ezercises in Botanical analysis. 

Second Term. 
Pkaotzoal Agbioultubi. — Location of farm. Division into fields. 
Arrangement and planning of hxm buildings. Farm impl^ 
ments. General principles of tillage. Principles of Drainage. 
Laying out and construction of drains. Methods of seeding. 
Harvesting of crops. 

Phtsioal OiooAAPHT AND Olimatoiogt. — ^Dcws, Frosts, Fogs, 
Clouds, Bain, Hail, Snow, Winds and local causes affecting 
climate, as proximity to mountain chains, to forests, 'or to 
bodies of water. Effect produced by the removal of forests, 
or by planting screens of timber. Meteorological instruments, 
their methods of use and advantages to the agriculturist. 

Third Term. 
Pbaotzoal Botany. — ^Botanical characteristics and geographical 
distribution of the natural orders, with their relative impor- 
tance. The genera and species having agricultural yalue, 
those having commercial or medical value, those having orna* 
mental value, and thoae which are noxious or detrimental— as 
weeds or poisonous plants. 



191 

HosTiouLTUBi. — Hot beds, their ooDstrootion and uae. Methods 
of propagation of plants, by layers, by onttings, by budding, 
by grafting, &o. Transplanting. Varieties of small fruits^ 
and the best means of cnltiyating them. General management 
of nnrserieR. Prodnotion of new varieties. Landscape 
gardening. 

SIOOHD TIAB. 

First Term. 
Chemistbt. — The Foroes, H6at, Light, Electricity and Magnetism. 
Chemical affinity and the laws of chemical combination. The 
Elements, their history, properties, combinations and nses. 
Applications of Chemistry to the arts and manufactures. Lab- 
oratory practice will be begun as soon as the student has 
become sufficiently advanced, taking up the special reactions of 
the elements, and the laws of chemical decomposition and pre- 
cipitation. 

Second Term, 

ZooLOOT. — Principles of classification. Descriptive Zoology, com- 
prising the systematic arrangement of animals in accordance 
with their natural affinities, into classes, orders, families, &c 
Natural history of domestic animals. 

Oboanio Chbmistbt. — Composition of organic bodies and their 
special characteristics. Chemistry of germination, of nutrition^ 
of vegetable growth, of decomposition, of fermentation, of sa- 
xponifioation. 

AvALTTiOAL Chimistbt. — ^Including general analysis, analysis of 
Minerals, Blowpipe analysis, analysis of soils, manures and 
ashes of plants. Yolumetric analysis and its applications to 
acidimetry and alkalimetry. 

Third Term. 
Pb ACTIO AL AoBiouLTUBB. — General principles of farm economy. 
Care and feeding of Stock. Manures, animal, vegetable and 
mineral, their management and mode of application. Prepara- 
tion of the. soil for particular crops. Cultivation of crops. 
Management of grass lands. Improvement of soils by physi« 
cal means, as draining, subsoiling, &o. Conducting^ peri* 
ments. Industrial Statistics. 



192 

Zoology. — &eDeral Physiology, Oomparative Anatomy, and Embry- 
ology. Entomology, including olaBsifioation of inseeta. 
Habits of noxious speoies and best means of checking their 
ravaged. Habits of betieficial species. 

THIBD TIAB. 

Fint Term. 
FoBiSTBT. — ^Planting and management of I'orest Trees. Soils 
adapted to their growth. Value of different kinds of trees for 
fuel, building and other purposes. 

Oboloot.— Dynamical and descriptive. Ori^n of soils. Building 
Materials. Goal and Metals. 

Second Term, 

'Agbioultubal Chbmistbt. — Composition of soils. The relations 
of air and moisture to vegetable growth. Connection of light, 
heat and electricity with growth of plants. Chemical changes 
attending vegetable growth. Chemistry of the various pro- 
cesses of the farm, as plowing, fallowing, draining, &c. Pre- 
paration, preservation and composting of manures. Artificial 
manures. Methods of improving soils by chemical means, hj 
mineral manures, by vegetable manures, by animal manures. 
Chemical composition of the various crops. Chemistry of tbe 
dairy. 

Third Term. 

Abimal Husbandbt. — Breeds of domestic animals, their eharao- 
teristics and adaptation to particular purposes. Principles of 
stock breeding. Veterinary surgery and medidne. 

HisTOBT OF Agbioultubal Eduoatiob 

It will be noticed that the same branch sometimes occurs in differ- 
ent parts of the course. In some cases this has been found neces- 
sary in properly arranging the studies into terms. In other oases 
this necessity arises from the different methods in which the same 
subject will be discussed ; these methods belonging to different de- 
partments of instruction, some of them adapted to students in the 
earlier, and others to those in the later part of the course. 



IW 



DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING AND MILITARY 

• TACTICS. 

The following military ezercises and coarse of stndy have been 
adopted : 

MILITABT SZlSCXSliB. 

1. There shall be a drill in some one of the different arms of 
the service, at least three times each week, when the weather 
permits. 

n. Drills. The drills shall comprise practical instrnotion in 
tbe schools of the Soldier, Company and Battalion, Field Artillery 
and Dismounted Cavalry. 

in. Dress Parades. There shall be an evening Dress Parade 
of the Battalion at snch times as may be deemed necessary for' in* 
Btmction and exercise. 

rV. Undress Parades^ Parades, without arms, shall be made 
at snch times as may be found necessary. 

y. Guard Mounting. The ceremony of mounting and turning 
off guards will occur as often as may be deemed necessary for in- 
atruction. Students^ will be instructed in the duties of Officer of 
the Day, Officer of the Guard and SentineL 

YL Practical instruction in the Field, in laying out and con- 
struoting field fortifications and other military work8> will l*e given 
tbe eiass pursuing the study of Military engineering. 

OOVBSB 09 STUBT AMD MILITABT BXlHOISBS. 

I. The Course of Study will comprise Civil and Military Engi- 
neering, Infantry, Cavalry, Field, Garrison and Siege Artillery 
Tactics, Advanced Guard and Outpost, &o.. Ordnance and Gun* 
nery, Military Law and ]^actice cf Courts Martial and Army 
regulations. 

JL-^Seniors. 

First Term. 

Civil and Military Engineering, Practical Instruction in the Schools 

of the Soldier, Company and Battalioui and Field Artillery. 
18 Sup. Pub. IhSi 



104 

Second Term. 
Ovnl and Military Engineering. 

Third Term, 

GiYil and Military Engineering, Beyiew of Stndies of preoeding 

terms. 
Practical instrnction in the Schools of the Soldier, Oompany and 

Battalion and Dismounted Cayalry, 

in. — Jimiora. 

FirU Term. 

Infantry Tactics. 

Practical instrnction in the Schools of the Soldier, Oompany and 
Battalion, and Field Artillery. 

Second Term. 

Cavalry, Field, Garrison and Siege Artillery Tacttcs, Ordnrnce and 

Gunnery. 
Practical instruction in the School of the Soldier. 

Third Term. 

Military Law and Practice of Courts Martial and Army Begu- 
lations. 

Practical instruction in the Schools of the Soldier, Company, Bat- 
talion and Dismounted Cavalry. 

TV. — Sophomores. 

First Term. 

Practical instruction in the Schools of the Soldier, Company, and 
Battalion. 

Second Term. 
Practical instruction in the School of the Soldier. 

Third Term. ' 

Practical instruction in the Schools of the Soldier, Company and 
Battalioui and Dismounted Cavalry. 



196 

v.— JPVeaAmeii. 

FCrnt Term. 

Praotioal inrtniotion in the Sohools of the Soldier, Oompany and 
Battalion. 

Seeand Term. 

Practical instmction in the School of the Soldier, 

Third Term. 

Practical instmction in the Schools of the Soldier, Company and 
Battalion. 

Col. Pease haying been relieyed from dnty here, the Begents 
have as yet been nnal)le to secnre a snocessor. Bnt all students in 
the University who desire instmction in military tactics have been 
well provided for by the employment of Mr. D. B. Frankenbnrger 
as Drill Master. 



n. THE COLLEGE OF LEHERS. 



Candidates for admission to the Fresbman Glass are. eacAmined in 
Geo>;:raphy, Arithmetic and Algebra to Qaadratio Equations ; in 
English, Latin and Greek Grammar ; in Csesar, Yirgil, Gieero's 
Orations and in three books of Xenophon's Anabasis; and mnst be 
at least fifteen years of age. 

Candidates' for advanced standing must, in addition to the studies 
named above, pass examination in those previously pursued by the 
olass which they propose to enter, or in those equivalent to them. 

The followixig is the course of instruction in this Department, 
which is intended to be equal to that of the best colleges, where 
Ancient Languages are made an essential part of the course : 

FKESHMAN CLASS. 

VIEST TXBM. 

Latin Livy — ^Lincoln. 

Oreek Xenophon's Anabasis — Boise. 

Hiitory United States — Eliot. 

Lectwrti Laws of Health and Methods of study. 

EUctxvt French. 

SECOND TERM. 

McUhematicM Geometry 

Latin. Cicero de Senectute and de Amioitia. 

(freek Xenophon's Memorabilia — Robbins. 

History Greece — Smith. 

Elective • • • . French. 



107 

VHIBD TIEH. 

Mathemaiiei Geometry, completed. 

Latin Horace — Odes. 

Cheek Memorabilia, oontinaed. 

AnHquitiee Greek and Roman. 

MUtory Rome — Liddell or Smith. 

JEleetive French. 

Themes and Declamations during the year. Latin and Greek 
Composition throngh the year. 

SOPHOMORE YEAR. 

IIBST TikM. 

McUhemtUics Higher Algebra — ^Loomis. 

Latin Horace — Satires and Epistles. 

Cheek Homer — ^Iliad. 

Oerman Otto's Conversation Grammar. 

NaHKral History . . . Botany. 

Hittary Roman Empire— Lectures. 

SIOOVD XIBIL 

MaiKematiee Algebra, completed — ^Loomis. 

Conic Sections. 

Latin Histories of Tacitus — Tyler. 

Cheek .^Ischylus Prometheus — ^Woolsey. 

Oerman. Otto's Conversation Grammar. 

Mietory Mediaeval — Student's France. 

THIRD TBRM. 

MathematicM Plane Trigonometry, Mensuration, Surveying 

and Navigation — Loomis. 

Latin Captives of Plautus^Proudfit. 

Cfreek Demosthenes — Olynthiacs and Philippic 

Champlin. 

Oerman Select Prose and Poetry. 

Natvral Hietary. . . Botanical Analysis — Gray's Manual. 
Modem — Student's France. 



198 

Tkemes and DeolamationB weekly during the year. Latin oom- 
position through the year. 

JUNIOR TEAR. 

VIAST TJBRM, 

Shetorte Day's Art of Disoourse. 

JHcUhematicM Spherical Trigonometry — ^Loomis. 

Analytical Geometry. 

Chemtitry Youman's a*id Lectures. 

Natural History . . Mineralogy — ^Dana. 
JSvman Anatomy, . Lectures. 

SBOOND TIBU. 

PhyncB Snell's Olmsted begum*— ^Lectures.. 

Civil Polity Political Economy — Perry. ^ 

Chemistry Organic and applied. 

Natural History, . • Zoology begun — ^Agassis. 
History England — Students* Hume. 

• 

Elective Galculus, 

THIRD TIBM. 

Physics Snell's Olmsted, completed, with Lectures. 

Civil Polity International Law, Constitution of the United 

States. 
NaturcU History,. Zoology completed. 

General Physiology. 

Themes and Declamations weekly during the year. 

SENIOR YEAR. 

VI&ST TBBM. 

Astro9U)my Snell's Ohnsted, and Lectures. 

Mental Philosophy Haven, and Lectures. 
English Literature, Shaw. 
Aeethetice Bascom. 



199 



8100SD TIBM. 

Rhetoric Baaoom. 

Logic Whatelej. 

Moral PhiloBophy. Hopkins, and Leotureg. 

EnglUhLiUratwrt. Lectures. 

iVotural Hiitory. . . Geology andjMining. 

THIBD TIBM. 

Ifaiural Theology . . Ohadbonrne. 

JBvidencee - Leotures. 

Hittory Ooizot's History of Civilisation. 

General Review. 



Critical Essays, Declamations, and Disputations weekly during 
the year. 



/ 



m. PROFESSIONAL AND OTHER COLLEGES. 



THE LAW DEPARTMENT. 

Students are admitted at any time ; bat those who are not Col- 
le^ate graduatds must be twenty years of age to enter this Depart- 
ment. 

The following is the prescribed course of study : 

IIBST TSKM. 

Judge Obton Personal Property. Partnership. Ocrpora- 

tions. Contract of Sale. 
Prof. Cabpxntbb. . Criminal Law. 

Judge CoLi Domestic Relations. 

Prof. YiLAS ...... The Constitution and Jurisdiction of Courts. 

Common Law Pleadings. 

SBOOND TXKM. 

Judge Obton The Law Merchant, coyering negotiable paper, 

suretyship and guaranty. Insurance. Fix- 
tures. 

Prof. Cabpbhtbb.. Contracts. 

Judge Painx Praotioe. 

Prof. YiLAs ...... Equity Pleading, Pleading under the Code. 

THIBD TXBM. 

Judge Obtoh The Law of Real Estate, Uses, Trusts, 

Powers and Wills. 
Assisted by a Member of the Dane County Barton the Law of 
Taxes and Tax Titles. 
Prof. Cabpbntxb. . Bailment and Agency. 

Judge DixoM Equity Jurisprudence. 

Prof. YiLAS Law of Evidence. 



SOI 

Twelye stadentB graduated in thefint olass. With snoli iDstrao- 
tion as is now given, the yonn^ men <ff the Northwest oan find no 
better facilities for fitting themselves for the profession of law. At 
the same time the school will give strength to the University, by 
rapidly increasing the number of its active and inflaenlial Alnmm. 



THE FEMALE COLLEGE. 

Toung Ladies desiring to enter npon the first year's eonrse of 
instmotion mnst pass a satisfactory examination in the Outlines of 
Geography, Elements of English Grammar, and in Arithmetic to 
Proportion. 

Those applying for advanced standing must pass examination in 
all the studies to which the class which they propose to enter have 
attended, or others equivalent to them. 

Ladies may be admitted to this department and allowed to select 
any three studies of the term which they are qualified to pursue. 

The following is the course of study : 

VIBSV nAB. 

First Term. 

Mathmuitiei Higher Arithmetic. ' 

English Language. Verbal and Sentential Analysis. 

Geography Descriptive, Map Drawing. 

General Exercises. 

Second Term. 

Mathemaiies Arithmetic, completed. 

English Language. Analysis and Oomposition. 

Geography Descriptive, Map Drawing. 

General Exercises. 

Third Term. 

Mathemaiies Elementary Algebra. 

Geography • Physical. / 

History United States. 

General Exercises. 
Reviews Studies of the year. 



202 

BMOHD IMAM. 

MaJthematieM Elementary Algebra, completed. 

Langnagt • • • • Craik'a BngliBh of Shakapeare. 

Sexenee • Botany. 

Hiitory •••...•.•• Anoient. 

Elective Frenoh, Latin. 

Second Term. 
Mathematice ..... Plane Geometry. 

Seienee Physiology. 

HUtory Medimval. 

General Bxeroiaes. 

Elective Preaoh* Latin. 

Third Term. 

Mathematics Solid Geometry. 

English Language. Bhetorio. "* 

Naitwral Science, . . Botanieal Analysis. 

History. Modern. 

Revieims • . . • • Studies of the year. 

Elective Prentoh, Latin. 

THimD TB1.B. 

First Term. 
Mathematics . ... Higher Algebra. 
English Language. Oritioism and Literature. 
Natural Science. . . Zoology. 

General Exerdses. 

fZec^ve... •••.... Latin, German, 

Second Term. 

Mathematics Higher Algebra completed. 

English Language. Literature. 

History of English Literature— Leetores. 
Polity Oonstitution and Soience of GoTemment. 

Political Economy. 

Elective •• Latin, German. 



208 

Third Term. 

Philosophy Natural. 

Philosophy MentaL 

Mathematics. . • . . • Plane Trigonometry, 

'Reviews Studiea of the year. 

Elective Latin, German. 

VOUBTH TXAB« 

First Term. 

Mathematics Spherioal Tk'igonometry. 

Natural Science. . • Chemistry. 
Philosophy ...... Moral. 

Second Term. 
Natural Science. • . Astronomy. 

Geology. 

Philosophy HoraL 

History Oivilization^-Gaizot. 

Third Term. 

Aesthetics Basoom. 

NaHaral Theology . Ghadbonme. 

Evidences Leotures, 

Essays and Beviews. 

Elective. — ^Anoient and Modem Languages throughout the year. 

Li addition to the prescribed course in this OoUege, young ladies 
are instructed in any study taught in the College of Letters or Arts, 
for -which they are prepared. They may also attend all University 
lectures. Listruction in this department is given by the President 
and Professors of the University [as their services are required. 
Ladies receive the same degrees as gentlemen for the same or equiv- 
alent courses of study. 



i 



SM 



POST GRADUATE GOUBSE. 

The objoot of this eottrse is to Beeara a higher grade of MholA^ 
ship in Literature and Soienoe than it BeemB possible to attain in 
the present state of onr colleges, under the ordinary class system. * 

Bachelors of Art, Science aod Philosophy will be admitted to 
this coarse as candidates for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. 
They must devote two years '^to stndy under the direction of the 
President and Facnlty, and pass a satisfactory examination before 
the Board of Examiners appointed by the Regents. 

The studies are optional; but they must be selected from at least 
two sections, and the studies in some one section must be oontiooed 
during the whole course. 

Students who have pursued this course for one year, on satisfac- 
tory examination, are entitled to the Master's Degree. 

SnOTiON L Natural Histobt. 

Botany. 
Mineralogy. 
Geology. 
Mining. 

IL Ghxmistbt. 

Chemical Philosophy and Physios. 
Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis. 
Applied Chemistry. 

in* Mathimatios and Phtsios* 
Pure Mathematics. 
Mechanics and Physios. 
Astronomy. 
Engineering. 

IV. PmLosopBT Ann Histobt. 

History and International Law. 
Psychology and History of Philosophy. 
History and Criticism of Sng. Literature. 

V. Philologt. 

Latin and Greek Languages and Literatures. 
Comparative Philology. 
Modem European Languages. 



206 

Some young men who haye graduated are able to pursue certain 
studies in this course, and at the same time to render such seryices 
as instructors as to pay their expenses. These young men can se- 
cure in this way a rank in scholarship and an experience in instnuv 
tion and government that will qualify them for high positions as 
professors and teachers. 

PBEPAKATORY DEPAKTMENT. 

The object of this department is to fit young men for entering 
either the College of Arts or the College of Letters. Each mem- 
ber of the Faculty has a general direction of the studies pertaiaing 
to his department, and renders such assistance as may be required. 
Those who enter this department are subject to the same rules^ and 
allowed the same privileges as CoUege Students. 

The Course of Study is now reduced to one year. The optional 
courses in Latin and Greek, however, offer ample opportunities for 
those who desire to prepare for the College of Letters. 

It is expected that the time will soon come when this Department 
can be abolished. But for the present it seems to be essential to 
the welfare of the University, not only in securing numbers for the 
higher classes, but also a grade of scholarship essential to the best 
interests of the institution. 



It is the aim of the University to meet the educational wants of 
every student in the State. The courses of study as laid down are 
intended to be the mere outlines of work. In the optional studies 
and post-graduate course there is provision for all the demands of 
higher scholarship which are now made upon the Institution. 

By vote of the Regents, the Faculty may excuse a student from 
any study in either course and substitute for it any other of equal 
educational value, such action of the Faculty being a matter of 

record. 



/ 



I 



206 



LEGTUBES. 

Leotnres are given in connection with the recitations, and some 
Bubjects are taught entirely by lectoreg, the atudonts being required 
to take notes, and to recite upon the lectures, as when a text-book 
is used. 

The following are the regular courses of Lectures : 

To the SiNiOB Glass on Mental and Moral Philosophy, by the 
President ; on Geology and Mining by Pro£ Davies ; on Rhetoric 
and Evidences, by Prof. Garpenter, and on Astronomy, by Vrct 
Sterling. 

To the Junior G^ass, on Ghemistry, Mineralogy and Physiology, 
by Prof. Davies ; on Gomparative Zoology, by Prof. Yerrill ; on 
History and Givil Polity, by Prof. Allen ; on Mechanics and Phys- 
ics, by Prof. Sterling, and on Bhetoric and English Literature, by 
Prof. Garpenter. 

To the BoPHOMOBS Glass, on Structural and Systematic Botany, 
by the President ; on Practical Botany and Agriculture, by Prof. 
Daniells, and on History by Prof. Allen. 

To the Frbshman Glass, on the Laws of Health and Methods of 
Study, by the President ; on History, by Prof. Allen ; and on Nat- 
ural History in its relations to the Arts, by the President and Prof. 
Davies. 

To ALL THs Glasses, on Philology by Prof. Fouling. 

To Spsoial Studhnts on Analytical Ghemistoy, by Prof. Dsb- 
iells. 



PROGRESS MD WANTS OF THE UNIVERSITY. 



In order that the progress of the UniTerstty since its 
reorganisation may be distinotlj seen, I append here a statement of 
the attendance of students daring the Fall tenhs of each year, as 
also the aggregate attendance during the same years, to-wit : 

Namber of Btndents fall term 1866 1Y9 

1867 -286 

1868 818 

1869 • 870 

Aggregate number of students 1866-7 804 

1867-8 894 

1868-9 496 

The aggregate for 1869-70 will be much larger than ever before. 

The difference in the attendance at the Fall terms, and the total 
attendance for the year, arises mainly from the fact that a large 
number of students are not able pecuniarily to attend the whole 
year. Some portion of the year must be deyoted to earning the 
means of attendance, and thus, with many, it requires a course of 
five or more years, in plaoj of four, to reach the graduating 
standards 

It will be seen firom the foregoing table that the TTniyersity has 
steadily grown in usefulness, until now it la attracting attention 
from other states than our own, and has taken a high stand among 
the educational institutions of the country. 

With increased accommodations that will attract students by rea- 
son of moderate expenses and other aids to college education, the 
University will oontinue to grow until it shall stand alongside the 
greatest and best of American colleges. 

WhQe the Regents have reoeived this growth in prosperity 
with feelings of the utmost pride and pleasurCi and haye labored 



208 

with BiDgnlar unanimity to this end» they yet feel that it \b almoBt 
entirely due to the energy and wisdom of President Ohadboume, 
and the lealous oo-operation of the College Faculty. 

I do not think that in any OoUege of the land there can be found 
a more devoted body of teaohers. Their labors, from the President 
down, have been inoessant, and far beyond the measure of labor fir> 
dinarily allotted to instructors in other institutions. 

But I now beg your attention to thb fact, to wit : That with A^ 
pre$eiU buildings and aecommodations, the Untvernty hcu ttaehedL 
the verge of its usefulness. 

To make this apparent, I will state our immediate necessities. 

First — ^A Fbmalb Collkqx. — At the date of writing this report, 
there are in attendance at the University 245 young men, while the 
total number that can be accommodated in the College buildings is 
90, and that only by putting, in aome cases, four men in the same 
room. It is true a portion of these young men are in the Prepare* 
tory Department, but nearly 200 of this number would be entitled 
to rooms were that department abolished; and they are a class of 
young men who are in a large measure educating themsplves, and who 
as a rule make the best scholars. They seek education for its own 
sake, and they are the men who leave behind them in the College a^n 
example of energy, and who, as they go f(»rth into the world, are 
those fffom whom are drawn the men of mark and dislinotion. It is 
to such young nien that we ought to extend every aid to college 
education. 

The great items of expense in Golftge life, are board and roonK 
rent. The University ought to be able to furnish the room-rent a4 
very low rates, and in such manner as to enable the students to 
live by themselves, or at commons. If we could do this, ouryouni^ 
men would not be driven to looking through the city for boar<&n|p 
places. Madison is not proverbially a cheap plaoe in whioh to live^ 
and there, as elsewhere, the price is according to the demand. 

As the number of students inereaseSj so doea the cost of weeUj^ 
board, until many of the best young men have either to diorteo 
their stay at college, or find cheaper coUeges» 

We need for the young men every particle of the room ooeopied 



209 

hj the young ladies, and to this end, we are in immediaie want of 
a buildiDg to be used as a Female OoUege. 

The subject of eduoating young men and young women together^ 
has been urged upon the eonaideration of the Regents, but I do not 
deem it necessary now to say more on that iofic than this, that this 
building is needed whatever system is adopted, and that some of 
the elasses are now so large that they have to be divided for reoita^ 
tion, and others ought to be divided ; and that with the future 
growth of the University, as it has grown in the past, all regular 
classes in both CSoUeges will ere long have to be divided into sections 
for recitation. 

This want of room for young men b keeping away from us many 
who would be glad to oome, and the result must continue to injure 
us until we can provide for them. The room in the University Hall, 
now occupied exclusively by the young ladies, is greatly needed for 
a lecture room. It is the only room in the University, except the 
obapel, large enough to accommodate some of the olasses*for lectures^ 
if the young ladies attend as they now do. 

Second,-^We need a Public Hall for the use of the OoUege 
Societies, for declamation and for chapel exercises. There is not 
in any of our present buildings a room large enough to accommodate 
tbe young men of the University. Rooms for public meetings of 
the College Societies we have not, and the young men are driven 
into town to hold their meetings. All this is wrong, and works aa 
a draw back to the University, and will do so until remedied. 

Third — Wi NiBU an Obsuvatobt. — ^With the munificent grant 
of lands by Congress for the purposes of a University, it was th& 
design to have a school where education in literature and practical 
science might be had by all who desired it ; but even to this day, 
the University of a great State, with a million of people, has not 
the instruments for teaching practical astronomy, nor the means of 
haying them. We have not even a transit instrument for the 
determination of local time, and in all the State there is not a good 
telescope. 

The grounds of the University furnish a site for an observatory 
equal to any in the United States* Without this bdispensable aid 
14 Sup. Pub. las. 



210 

in teaofaing astronomy^ our institution is bsrdly worthy to be oalleA 
a UniyerBity. ' 

If there is any legacy whioh a properons people ongbt to leave to 
posterity, it is to place within the reach of onr sons and daughter* 
tho means of education in its highest and most beneficent fonnn. 
An appropriation which shall not exceed in amount a per capita as^ 
sessment of ten cents, will place our University in the van of all 
colleges west of the great lakes. With such aid from the State av 
onr immediate wants require, with a location of unsurpassed beauty 
and salubrity, with a President whose practical wisdom and every 

« 

energy is in the interest 'of the students, and with an able faculty, 
complete in identity with the reputation of the school, there shall 
result an institution to which future statesmen and patriots shall 
turn with feyerence as the Alma Mater where they were taught all 
that is good and noble for which man can strive. 

Much has been done, and is still doing in other State schoolnto 
iplace the means of good, though limited, education within the reaeh 
*of all. Onr normal schools are sending out teachers, and our higb 
schools, though limited in number and influence, are doing something 
each year as preparatory schools. All these are productive of great 
good, but to make the system complete, they should culminate in 
that higher standard whioh can only be reached by an University 
education. This is no fanciful theory — it is what every practical 
man can plainly see will result in the greatest possible good to the 
coming generations of our noble State. 

WHAT THl STATl HAS DOVl. 

It seems appropriate here to call attention to what the state ban 
done in support of its university, and to compare it with what has 
been and is being done by our sister state ot Michigan. 

The grants of land for university purposes to each of these states 
were equal. In Michigan, the legislature, as h first atep^ advanced 
to its university the sum of $100»000 for buildings, which has ainoe 
become a gift. In addition to this sum, that state gives annually, 
from its treasury, the sum of 916,000, to be added to the large in- 
come of its university fund. At the same time it has been giving 
920,000 yearly for the running expenses of its Agricultural Col- 



211 

lege, besicles other liberal appropriStions. ThB legidatnre, at its 
last seBMotH gave to ibis college (70,000 for two years expenses 
and to erect a bnilding. Under tbe liberal encouragement of the 
state, an institution has grown up at Ann Arbor, which in some re- 
spects is at the head of all colleges in the country, and is a just 
source of pide, not only to the citizens of the state, but of the 
Country. 

In comparison with this, let us see what our own state has done, 
or rather has not done for its own university.. 

Section 6, of article 10, of our state constitution, ordains as fol- 
lows: 

" The proceeds of all lands that have been or hereafter may be 
granted by the United States to the state for the support of a uni- 
versity, shall be and remain a perpetual fund, to be called the 'uni- 
yersity fund,' the interest of which shall be appropriated to the 
support of the State University. " 

It is clear that the framers of our State constitution held it to be 
tbe duty of the State to provide not only a site but buildings for a 
tTniversity ; but in direct violation of the above constitutional pro- 
vision, the legislatures of 1857, '59 aod '61, took from the Univer^ 
sity fund a sum exceeding (100,000, and erected therewith the 
jpresent College buildings. 

Tbe University has also been charged by the State for the man- 
agement of it9 funds, an aggregate sum of $11,909 83, which has 
been taken from its ftinds and paid into the treasury of the State. 

For two years past the State has paid annually to the University 
the sum of (7,803 76, as interest on the money taken ten years ago 
for erecting the buildings, making altogether (14,607 52. 

The difference between this last sum and the amount paid to the 
State for clerk hire is (2,697 69. and is the total amount that the 
State has ever given to the University. 

It is almost a matter of wonder that, under this illiberality on 
the part of the state towards its chief educational institution, 
we have even a creditable university in existence ; and if to-day we 
have such an institution, what may it not become in a few years 
under such fostering care as other states show to their universities ? 



212 

OOHOtUSIOV. 

The followiog estimate, in the order of our neeesdtieiy is sob* 
mitted : 

For Female College baildlng $60 , 000 

For public ball and chapel ^ 16,000 

For obeerratorjr and apparatus 25,000 

The most urgent of these wants is the Female College. With* 
oat it, growtn for the Uniyersity is out of the qnestion. It most 
remain what it now is or reoede. 

In the cramped aooommodations of the present buildings there is 
neither comfort nor pleasure to the teacher or student ; and with* 
out the hope of something better, the courage of those most inters 
ested must give way. May we not hope that you will bring this 
matter before the next Le^slature in such manner as will result in 
the relief we so much need ? 

It will be seen from the report of the Secretary; annexed, thsl 
the sale of lands during the past summer, none of the proceeds of 
which can be used for building purposes, will add materially in the 
future to the Uniyersity income, so much so, indeed, that with the 
increased receipts, from a larger number of students, we shall be 
prepared to meet the expenses arising from a larger instruotipnal 
force. The President of the University already recommends the 
appointment of a Tutor in English Language and History, a Pro- 
fessor of Descriptiye Geometry and Mechanical Engineering, a Pro- 
fessor of Botany and Horticulture, and a Professor of Geology and 
Minmg Engineering, This additional force is needed, not only to 
meet the wants of the increasing number of students, in special 
science, but to relieye the oyerburdened Professors and Tutors. 

The Regents are encouraged to belieye that the State will not 
refuse the just demands of the Uniyersity, and it is in that hope 
that this report is respectfully submitted. 

0. 8. HAMILTON, 
PreiideiU of Board qf SegmU§. 



THE UNIVERSITY FARM. 



RBPOBT OP PROF. W. W. DAN1ELL8. 

Hon. Chablss 8. Hamiltoit, 

Pttft of %ht Board of Segenii of the Univenity of WUeonnn : 

Sib : I have the honor to submit the foUowing report of work 
apoa the UniTeraity fann, staoe November 1, 1868. 

PlBMANllTT DfPBOVXMBNTS. 

Under the direetion of the Farm Oommittee, the entire groanda 
weat of Univeraity Hall have been anrveyed and platted into aore 
lota, to faoilitate ready reference to any part of the farm in keeping 
a reoord of experiments, and in oommnnicationa to the committee 
and to the Board of Begenta. £ach lot ia deaignated upon the 
plat by a letter and number, by which it may be readily diatin- 
gniahed from all othera. 

A fenoe haa been built aoroaa the farm, from north to south, be- 
tween aeriea of lota 15 and 16, making a large paature in the-weat- 
em portion of the fiirm. From the centre of the aouth line of Lot 
£, 18, a fenoe haa been built weat, to intoraeot the above fence, and 
from the aame point aouth to the railroad. 

Lota B and 0, 12, the weat half of B and 0, 11, and eaat half of 
B and G, 18, have also been fenced from the remainder of the farm, 
making two hundred and thirty roda of aubstantial board fence that 
haa been erected, and giving three fielda that may be uaed aa pas- 
tures. 

The grading, begun laat year, of the avenue leading from the 
fiirm houae to the exit into Mary atreet, ia completed. From 



214 

west end of this avenue, a seeond avenue, mnning aeroes tbe rail- 
road to nniversity avenae, has been opened and partially graded. 

The screen of Norway spmoe, on the south line of lots D has been 
completed to the west line of D 10. From this point, another 
screen running north to the centre of the west line of H 10, has 
been planted. The plants in each of these screens are eight feet 
apart, and are intended to serve as a barrier against west and soutli- 
west winds. 

Evergreens have also been planted along the borders of the driree 
^ from t&e front entrances, to the dormitory boildiags, to Univ^sitj 
Hall and to the President's house. 

The seedling evergreens in cultivation last year, have been again 
transplanted. The arbor-vitae and Norway spruce have grown weU 
and appear to be healthy and vigorous. The white pine have not 
done well from the first. Quite a large proportion are dead, and 
still others have an unhealthy appearance. 

Fifteen hundred European larch of one year's growth, were 
planted last spring. They were procured for the purpose of testing 
the value of this tree as a timber for cultivation. 

Upon lots 5 G., H. and I., and 6 O., H. and I, five hundred 
apple trees of the following varieties have been planted : 

Early Joe, Tallman Sweet, 

Red Astrachan, Plumb's Older, 

Duchess of Oldenberg, Bailey's Sweet, 

Fall Orange, Seek-no-further, 

St. Lawrence, Golden Russet, 

Fameuse, Walbridge. 

These are all varieties that have been thoroughly tried and are 
known to be hardy. Half of the trees were of two years, and half of 
three years' growth. All were good, stocky plants, from roots 
grafted at the crown, and nearly all have made an unusual growth 
for the first season after planting. 

These hardy varieties were planted for a standard farm orchard. 
It is hoped another year we may be able to plant some of those va* 
rieties, the value of which, in our climate, has not yet been tested. 
BiJOferent methods of planting have been tried, and various methods 



215 

«f 'Winter proteotioB will be followed. The resuItB obtained will be 
^yen in future reports. 

A Tinejard of one thousand Oonoord, and five hundred Delawares, 
baa been planted upon lots D., 6 and 6, and the south half of E., 
5 and 6. The season has been favorable, and the Tines have made 
an ezoellent growth. 

The Concords were planted 10x8, 10x6, and 8x6 feet apart, the 
Delawares 8x6 feet. Each alternate row was trenched four feet in 
width to the depth of eighteen inches, the remaining rows being 
loosened only to the depth of ten inches. This will furnish an 
opportunity of testing the question which some have lately raised, 
whether the grape does best with deep or with shallow culture, 
keeping the roots near the surface that they may receive more of 
tbe sun's heat. Forty bushels of ashes to the acre were sown upon 
this ground in 1868, No other fertilizer has been usod. Forty-five 
apple trees have also been planted upon these lots for the purpose of 
oomparing the effects of *a southward with those of a northward 
exposure in the orchard. 

The west half of lots 11, E, F and O, the east half of 12, E, F 
and G-, lots 14, E and F, and 15, E and F, have been cleared and 
plowed, and will be ready for cultivation another year. 

The farm house, which was being built at the time of my last re- 
port, is completed, and has been occupied since January last by the 
farm superintendent. * 

DONATIONS. 

The Experimental Farm has received donations during the past 
year as follows, exclusive of those to the State Horticultural Soci- 
ety: 

From Hon. M. K. Young, Glen Haven, Wis., 1 bbl. Early Rose 
potatoes, and samples of thirty^six varieties, among which is the 
White Rose, a seedling originating with Mr. Young. 

From "The Union Fertiliser Co.," of N. Y., 1 bbl. of their 
" Insect and Worm Destroyer, and Fertilizer." A report of the 
use of this as an " Insect Destroyer," will be found under Exper- 
imenta. 



118 

Fram St^hea W. UncUrliill, Oroton* Landbg, Westchester C(k» 
N. Z., the following seedling grapes : 

8 SenasqiiA, 

2 Croton» 

2 marked 8-12. 

The vine of the Senasqna has many resemblanoes to the Oonoord. 
The plants are healthy and have made a fine growth. The vine and 
leaf of the Groton appear much like the Delaware. The frnit of 
this variety is spoken of in the highest terms by thoso fruit com- 
mittees who have had an opportunity to test it. 

The vines of 8-12 have made a strong growth, hut the leaf shows 
a slight tendency to mildew. 

From Slater & Hansen, Madison, Wis., one com cultivator, which 
does excellent work. 

From Dean & Harriman, Madison, Wis., one Munroe's palent 
Kotary Harrow. 

This is an excellent implement, doing at least twice the work of 
an ordinary square harrow. 

XXPBRIMINTS. 

A scheme of experiments for the year was prepared by me, and 
submitted to the Board of Regents, for their approval, at their 
meeting in February.* From that list the Farm Oommittee chose 
the following as those best adapted to present facilities for conduct 
ing experiments. 

li<. WkecU — To try raising winter wheat by protecting from 
winds by belts of timber. The trial to be made with both red and 
white varieties. 

2d, ProfitM of Wheat and Cam Ra%$%nff — ^Oultivate an equal 
quantity of ground in each, keeping an account of the cost and 
value of produotion ; the value of crop to be the average of okarket 
values for five years in this market. 

8<2. Drill and Hill Planting-- Try the comparative values of 
drill and hill planting with com and potatoes. 

4tth, Potatoei — ^Let experiments of last year be repeated to 



JIT 

irerify remiltg, ftiid take tbe same in ootmeotion with amofant of rain 
falling ; to be eontinned tiironghont another year at least. 

61A. Com a« a Forctge Crop — Trj a few acres by drilling, and 
the same quantity by broadcast sowing. 

In accordance with these instructions, the following experiments 
liaye been performed: 

WIKTBB WHSAT. 

Experiments are now in progress with the following Tsrieties : 

Treadwell, white, seed from Michigan. 

Uediterranean, red, seed from Michigan. ' 

White Winter Tonielle, imported from France, seed jEumisbed by 
tbe Department of Agriculture at Washington. 

Profits of wheat and com raising was necessarily omitted on ae- 
oount of the late date of receiying the instructions. 

nniLii Ann hiiiL plahting oobh. 

The result of this experiment was as follows : 

Taking the product of drill planting as 100 for a basis of oom- 
parison, hill planting yielded 94.6, or 5.4 per cent, less than the 
drills. That planted in drills contained 11.4 per cent, of soft com, 
that in hills 10.9 per cent. The general appearance of the corn in 
hills war much the best, the ears being larger and filled ou% better 
at the tips. 

00B9 AS A tOBAOl OBOP. 

Equal quantities of land were sown to com broadcast, and planted 
in drills three and one-half feet apart, in each case using seven bush- 
els of seed to the acre. 

That planted in drills gave the largest yield* of the best forage, 
That sown broadcast being much the coarser. 

Equal quantities of land were sown broadcast at the rate of eleven 
bushels of seed to the acre, and planted in drills with seven bushels 
MB before. In this case the yield was in favor of broadcast sowing. 

*I am obliged. In theae experiments, and fa top dreeelng Ipraaa with aahea, to glte tho 
ssikmaMl reanlta, aa we haYe aa yet no flwllittoa for welgfidng anch piodneta. 



218 

One reason of more seed being required with faroadeut sowing ib 
that the seed eannot all be eovered with a harrow, so that birds and 
gophers are attracted to the field and eany away mnch that is nnooT- 
ered. 

A better method for those having grain drills, is to sow nine 
bushels of seed to the acre, using each third tooth of the drilL 

FOTATOIS. 

The land upon which these potatoes were grown, was sward 
upon which no crop had oyer before been raised, plowed in fall of 
1868. Soil claj loam with clay subsoil. Marked with a plow three 
iSbd one-half feet apart. Planted one foot apart in row. May 4th 
and 6th. The seed was covered uniformly three inches in depth, 
and was prepared as follows : 

Table 1. 



Flat 



1 

a 

8 

4 
6 
6 

8 



Method of prepariog seed. 



Ko. Ibi 



Large^ whole, one in a place 

Large, cat in 8 pieces, 1 piece in a place 

Small, whole, 1 in a place 

Kmall ends, cut in 8 pieces, 1 piece in a place 

Seed cuts of potatoes of ordinary size, 1 piece in a place 
Potatoes of ordinary size without seed endi^ 1 in a place 

The same as No. 2 

Single eyes, 1 In a place 



46 
68 

m 

S6 

108 

1$ 



June 1st, plants coming up. June 12th, cultivated once in a row 
and sowed on ashes at the rate of thirty bushels per acre. The 
same relative growth of tops was observed that was noticed in 1868, 
vis. : No. 1 much the largest, Nos. 8 and 6 next in size. Oulti?ated 
second time, and hoed July 6th. Dug October 11th and I2tb 
yieldmg as follows : 



219 
Table 2. 



Plat 


Yield in lbs. 


Bashelfl per aore. 


Held in iba. of 
1 lb. eeed. 


Size. 


Ko. 1 


1,009 


860 


6.2 


Very large. 


2 


778 


270 


16.9 


Large . 


8 


800 


278 


IS. 8 


Large . 


4 


688 


287 


64.6 


Large. 





777 


270 


29.8 


Large. 


6 


868 


281 


8.4 


Large. 


7 


702 


244 


16.7 


Large . 


8 


617 


214 


47.4 


Large. 



No. 1 yields most per aore, yet gives smallest increase for one 
pound of seed. 

It will be noticed that generally, although not uniformly, as the 
yield increases, the rate of increase for one pound of seed dimiu« 
ishes. 

As in last year's experiment, the size of the seed seems to affect 
the sise of the product but slightly: The single eyes gave the 
smallest yield, as before, but the difference was much less marked 
than last year. With the exception of Plat No. 1, which gave the 
largest potatoes, the size was very uniform throughout. No. 4 ap- 
peared to contain fewer potatoes that were very small than any 
other plat. The yield corresponds to the comparative growth of 
tops. No. 1 largest. No. 8 and 6 next in order. 

That there is a differenoe in the yield that cannot be attributed 
to the size of the seed, or the method of cultivation, will be seen by 
comparing Nos. 2 and 7, which were treated precisely alike, yet one 
yields twenty-six bushels per acre more than the other. This is a 
further proof of the difficulty of securing those uniform conditions 
in agricnltural experiments, which will enable one to draw correct 
conclusions from a limited number of trials. 

In Table No. 3 will be found the per cent of yield given by each 
method of planting for 1868 and 1869, the means of Nos. 2 and 
7 in each case being taken as a basis of comparison. 



220 
Tabu 8. 



put 


1868 


1889L 


Ko. r 


lOY 

100 

98 

98 

98 

115 

100 

78 


lU 


Mean of Koa* 2 and *I 


100 


No 8 


106 


Ko. 4 


9% 


No. 6 


105 


No. 6 


109 


Moan of Koi. 8 and T « t *- 


100 


No. 8 


8S 







Nomben 2 and 7 are taken as a basis of oomparison, because 
they correspond most nearly to the nsnal method of preparing seed. 

HILL kWD DBILL l^LAKTHTO. 

Taking hill planting at 100 as a basis of oomparison, and drill 
planting gives 78.6 per cent. . This yidd is upon adjaoent rows, ike 
produots having been carefully weighed. 

To determine the value of the " Worm and Insect Exterminaior 
and Fertiliser," of the Union Fertiliser Company of New York, as 
a remedy for the Colorado potato beetle, one os. of the '* Fertiliser" 
was mixed with the earth of each hill of six rows through the center 
of the field, and for six successive mornings (July 5th to llth) the 
vines were spru;kled with a solution of the "Fertiliser." This 
treatment had no visible eflfect upon the insects. 

When harvested, an equal number of hills upon which no " Fe^ 
tiliser" had been used, but from which the beetles had been picked 
by hand, yielded 180 lbs.; with " Fertiliser,'' as above, 164 Iba 

This experiment does not show the value of this substance as s 
fertiliser, but that it is of no value as a remedy for the Colorado 
potato beetle. The reason of a smaller yield, is doubUess that the 
** Fertiliser" did not kill the insects, while upon that with whioh 
thb plat is compared they were all destroyed by hand picking. 

In experimenting with the potato beetle, one part by weight of 
Paris green, mixed with eight parts of wood ashes, was found to be 
effective in destroying them. Yet, spreading upon land in cultiva- 



221 

tion an aotive mineral poifon, as is the sabaraenite of copper, the 
poiflonoaa properties of which are not destroyed by decompoeition of 
the salt containing them, is, at the best, of donbtful propriety. — 
Hand-picking has given ns the most satisfactory resnlts. The cost 
of this method of destroying the beetles has been ^1.25 per acre for 
each time of picking. 

The number of times it will be found necessary to pick the bee- 
tles, will depend npon warmth and wetness of the season, as they 
multiply more rapidly in dry, hot weather. Last year iBve times 
was not too many. This year three times has been sufficient. 

IXOBLSIOB OATS. 

Seed from Department of Agriculture, 16 1-2 quarts weighed 
25 8^ lbs. Sowed upon 1-4 of an acre, Hay 18th, soil rich clay 
loam, with clay sub«soiL Growth very rank. Began lodging be- 
fore heading out. When harvested were three-fourths laid. Crop 
harvested August 11th and threshed August 19th, yielding 9 bush- 
els. One bushel weighed 27 lbs. The straw was badly a£fected 
with rust and mildew. 

The land upon which these oats were sown would, in ordinary 
seasons, have been the best we have in cultivation, but the unusual 
amount of rain this season had an injurious effect upon all our 
crops planted upon level land, these oats among others. 

Three other varieties of oats furnished by the Department of 
Agriculture, the White Schonen, Black Swedish and Somerset, were 
sown, but the heavy rains ruined them entirely. 

Of those varieties of cabbage which have been in cultivation, the 
Schweinfurt Quintal, and Marblehead Drumhead, (cannon ball va- 
riety), are the only kinds that promise to be of special value. 
Lenormand^s short-steoimed Oauliflower also promises welL 

Upon one portion of the land prepared last year for mowing, un- 
leached ashes were sown last spring, at the rate of forty bushels per 
acre. The estimated yield upon this portion of the field was double 
that upon any other portion* 

The grass was mostly Kentucky Blue Grass {PoaprfUen$is)f 
and white clover ; the soil clayey with clay subsoil 



222 

ANALYTICAL OHlMISTBt. 

The Laboratory bas been bo far completed as to farnisb exceUeot 
facilities to students in Analytical Chemistry. All necessary appa- 
ratus bas been purchased so that this department of the Uniyersity 
is meeting all the demands made upon it at present. 

Laboratory practice is elective in all departments of the UniTer- 
sity. except that of Agriculture ; ye^ the number of students d^ 
siring instruction in this branch is much larger than last year, and 
doubtless will continue to increase firom year to year. 

The course of instruction in qualitative analysis is divided into 
four series, as follows : 

1. Simple salts in solution. 

2. Simple salts in solid form, including blow-pipe analysis. 

8. Mixtures, and double salts in solution, including the separation 
of bases. 

4. Mixtures, complex compounds, soils^ ores, and refractoiy mls- 
erals. 

The four series include one hundred analyses, leading gradually 
from the anost simple to the most complex. 

BOtANT. 

After the regular course of lectures in Structural and Systematio 
Botany, I delivered a course to a class of eighteen special stadeDtB^ 
upon the minute structure of plants, embracing the use of the 
microscope, and upon Economic Botany. 

MKTBOBOLOGIOAL OBSBRVATIONS* 

The record of meteorological observations, which for several yetrfl 
has been omitted, was resumed at the beginning of the prosent 
year, and is now under my direction. The following tables* oon- 
tain the principal results of the observations to November 1st. 

The system adopted is that of the Smithsonian Listitution, the 
hours of observation being 7 A. M., 2 P. M., and 9 P. M. 

The temperature is given in degrees and tenths F. 

*I1i6 tabl«i an omitted Irom the report of tlie Snperlntendent of Pablie InitroetioB' 



228 

Vhe amount of olondinesB ii expressed by a number indioating the 
tenths of the sky overcast. - The following abbreviations are used : 

St. — Stratus. 

On. — Oomuins. 

Cir, — Girms. • 

Nim. — Nimbus. 

Gn.-St. — Gnmulo-stratas. 

Gir.-St. — Girro-stratns. 

Gir.^Gu. — Girro-onmnlns. 

The direction of the wind is taken for eight points of the com* 
pass, the figures aocompanying represent the force on a scale from 
1, a very light breese, to 10, a most violent hurricane* In the 
summary of observations, the winds are classified in four divisions, 
SW. and W., etc., being placed together, and the percentage of 
winds from each direction is given for each month. 

The height of the barometer is indicated by inches and decimals, 
and corrected for the expansion above 82^. 

The "force or pressure of vapor" expresses the weight of 
moisture in the air, by indicating in inches the height of a column 
of ^mercury that is sustained by it. 

'-Relative humidity" shows the per cent, of complete saturation 
existing at the time when the observation is made. 

Latitude 48 deg., 6 min. N. 
Longitude 12 deg., 24 min. W. 
Height above the'sea 1,068 feet. 

. The season has been a remarkable one in many respects. 

January and February were mild and pleasant, with only an ave- 
rage amount of snow and rain. March was exceedingly cold and 
dry. The Siverage temperature for the first half of the month be- 
ing 6 degrees colder than the mean of either January or February, 
while the rain-fall was less than half an inch. April was also cold, 
with less than the usual quantity of rain. During May, June, July 
and August, 20.69 inches of rain fell, much more than the usual 
quantity. 

The summer was very eloudy^ and was remarkable for a peculiar 



824 

haiineas of the atmosphere, eren when no dlonde were viaiUe. The 
mean temperature of September was but 6 degrees below that of 
August, which, with the lateness to whioh the frost held off, added 
greatly to the Talue of the oom orop of the country. 

W. W' DANIELL8, 
Prof, of Agrictdture amd Analjftteal ChemUtry* 



UNIVERSITIES AND COLLEGES. 



UNV1BR8ITY OF WISCONSIN. 

Annual Report of the President of the University of Wiieontint 
for the year ending August SI, 1869. 

1. Corporate name of the inatitation, UniTersitT of WisconsiD. 

2. Name of the place where the institution is located, Madison, Wis. 
8. Year when the institution was founded, 1849. 

4. Names of the members of the Faculty, with their respective salaries. 



Names. 



Departments of Instruction. 



P. A. Chadbourne, Prest. . 
J. W. Sterling, Vice Prest 

John B. Parliinson 

S. H. Carpenter 

WiUiam F. Allen 

John B. Feuliug 

John E. Davies 

Ool. W. R. Pease 

W. W. Daniells 

A. E. Verrill 

Hon. L. S. Dixon 

Oraamus Cole 

Byron Paine 

J. H. Carpenter 

William F. Vilaa 

Amos H. Thompson 

Isaac S. Leavitt 

Miss Elizabetn Earle. . • . 

Clarissa L. Ware. . . 

Frances Brown .... 

Louisa Brewster . . . 



Mental and Moral Philosophy 

Natural Philosophy and Astronomy. . 

Mathematics 

Rhetoric and English Literature .... 

Ancient Languaged and History 

Modern Lang. and Comp. Philology.. 

Natural History and Chemistry 

Military Engineering and Tactics. . . . 
Agriculture and Analytical Chemistry 
Comp. Anatomy and JSntomology. . . . 

Lnw... 

Law 

Law 



Salaries. 



$8,000 
1,800 
1,800 
1,800 
1,800 
1,600 
1,800 



1,800 
800 



Law 

Law 

Tutor 

English Branchea Prep. Department . 

Preceptress in Female College 

Associate Preceptress 

Music ^ . 

Drawing and painting 



1,925 

fiOO 

1,200 

200 

800 

600 

Fees. 

Fees. 



6. Total number who hare graduated 

6. -Number who graduated last commencenfent 

1. Number of students in the senior class. 

8. Number of students in the junior class 

9. Number of students in the sophomore class 

10. Number of students in the freshman class 

11. Number of students not in regular classes 

12. Numbef of sludenta in the preparatory department. . . 

18. Number of students in law class 

14. Number of students in female college v 



1ft Svr. PpEi ImT 




Female. 

81 
6 



160 



y 



226 

16. Namber of acres of land owned by the institution, includ- 

iDjir experimental farm 164,150 

16. Estimated ca^h value of land owned by the institation. . . . $260,000 uO 

17. Estimated cash Talue of buildings owned by the institution 110,000 00 

18. Amount of endowments and funds except real estate aS86,224 54 

19. Amount of income for the curient year from all sources 

except tuition 25,698 57 

20. Amount received for tuition during the current year 7,689 00 

21. Rates of tuition in collegiate department per annum, not 

inrlnding hoard 18 00 

22. Rates of tuition in preparatory department per annum, not 

inciudiug board 18 00 

28. One pupil frem each assembly district in the state admitted 
without payment of tuition. 

For a full acoount of the different departmentB of the Univeraitj 
— of its income and ezpeuditores — I beg leave to refer to the 
report of the Board of Eegents. 

P. A. CHADBOURNE, 
President of University of WiicofuiiL 



BELOIT COLLEGE. 



Anntial Report of the President of the Board of Trtuteee of Bdoit 
(Jolleye, for the year ending August 31, 1869. 

1. Corporate name of the institution. The Board of Trustees of Beloit College. 

2. Name of the place where \he institution is located, Beloit, Rock county. 
8. Tear when the institution was fv^unded, 1847. 

4. Names of members of the faculty, with their respective salaries: 



Names. 



Aaron L. Chapln, D. D., Pr. 
Rev. Jod. Emerpon, A. M. . 
Jackson J. Buphnell, A. M. 
Kev. Wm. Porter, A. M. . . 
Rev. Jae. Rlai$idell, A. M. . 
Rev. L. ^^. Rowland, A. M . . 

Jas. H. Kdtoii, Pu D 

John P. lusk, A. M 



Departments of Instruction. 



History and Civil Polity 

Greek Language and Literature 

Mathematics and Natural Philosophy 

Latin Language and Literature 

Intellectual and taoral Philosophy. . . 
Rhetoric and £?iglisb Literature, . . . 

Chemistry and Natural Science 

Prin. Preparatory and Normal Dep*t. 



Salaries. 



11,800 00 
1,600 tlO 
1,500 00 
1,600 00 
1,600 00 
1,600 00 
1,800 00 
1,600 00 



6. Total number who have graduated 

b. Number who graduated at last "^omniencement ....... 

7. Number of students in the Senior class 

8. Number of students in the Junior class ...••.. 

9. Number of sMident« in the Sophomore class 

10. Number of students in the Freshman class 

11. Number uf students not in the regular classes 

12. Number of students in the Preparatory department. . . 



Male. 

147 
18 
18 
20 
16 
29 
11 

150 



Female. 



227 

18. Number of acres of lantl owned by the iDBtUalioQ— 

College Bite ; .' ^ 16 

Other lands in Wisconsin 892 

In other States 1,104 

2,012 

14. Estimated cash Tahie of land owned by the institution — 

College site $10,000 

Other lands.. «. 8,000 

■ |18,00«» 00 

16. Estimated cash value of buildings owned by the institution. 62,000 00 

16. Amount of endowments and funds except real estate 110,000 00 

17. Amount of income for the current year from all sources ez> 

cept tuition / 12,160 00 

18. Amount received for tuition during the current year . . ..... 4,029 00 

19. *Rates of tuition in collegiate df partment per annum, not 

including board 80 00 

20. *£ates of tuition in preparatory department per annum, 

not including board 20 00 

21. Amount paid on account of expenses of the institution, ex- 

clusive of building and repairs, during the year ending 

August 81, 1869 16,190 00 

The summer term begins April 20, 1870, continues 12 week«. 
The fall term begins September 7, 1870, cont uues 15 weeks. 
The winter term begins January 4, 1870, continues 18 weeks. 

A. L. OHAPIN. 
Pruidtnt of iht Board of Truiteet* 



CARROLL COLLEGE. 

Annual Report of the Prendcnt of the Board of Trueteee of Cat' 
r^ll Collegetfor the year ending August 31, 1869. 

1. Corporate name of the institution, Carroll College _ 

2. Name of the place where the institution is located, "vvaukesha* 
8. Tear when the institution was founded, 1846. 

4. Names of members of the faculty with their respective salaries : 



Kames. 



W L. Rankin, A. X 
Various Assistants.. 



Departments of Instruction. 



President 



Salaries* 



$844 61 
428 82 



5. Total number who have graduated , 

6. Number who graduated at last commencement (1860). 

7. Number of students in the Senior Class 

8. Number of students in the Junior Class 

9. Number of students in the Sophomore Class 

10. Number of students in the Freshman Class , 

11. Number of students not in the Regular Classes 

12. Number of students in the Preparatoiy Department . , 



Hale. 

19 
6 



10 



Female. 



84 



*aMMft«r ibf wtM wU be 186 aii4 W, respecttTely. 



229 

18. Namber of acres of Und owned by the institation « 14 

14. Estimated caeh ralne of land owned by tbe inetitntion.... $8,bOO 00 

15. Estimated cash value of buildings owned by the institnUon 10,000 00 

16. Amount of endowments and funds except real estate 

17. Amount of income for tbe current year from all sonrces ex- 

cept tuition 

18. Amount received for tuition daring the current year 1,461 %% 

19. Rates oi tuition in collegiate department per annum, not 

including board 4O00 

20. Rates of tuition in preparatory department per annum, not 

including board 20to8& 

21. Amount paid on account of expenses of the institution, ex- 

clusive of building and repairs, during the year ending 

August 81, 1869 1,461 62 

WALTBU 0. RANKIN, 
PrtiideiU of the Board of Tru9iee$. 



LAWRENCE UNIVERSITY, 

Anntuil Report of the Preiident of the Board of TrusteeM of 
Lawrence University , /or the year ending Auguet 81, 1869. 

1. Corporate name of the institution, Lawrence University of Wisconsin. 

2. Kame of the place -^bere the institution is located, Appieton. 
8. Year when the Institution was founded, 1847. 

4. Names of members of the faculty with their respective salaries: 



Names. 



Geo. M. Steele, D.D., Pres. 
Hiram A. Jones, A. M. . . . 

James Faye, A. M 

Wilbur F. Tecum, A. M . . 
A. Schindelmeisser, A. M.. 
Miss Emma L. Knowles. . 
Miss Sarah E. Pierce 



Departments of Instruction. 



Ethics and Civil Polity 

Ancient Languages. ••..... 

Chemistry and Physics 

Mathematics 

Modern Languages aud Music 

Preceptress— English Lit and Latin. 
Drawing and Painting. . • 



Salaries. 



6^ Total number who have gra dnated 

6. Number who graduated at \rbK commencement 

7. Number of students in the senior class 

8. Number of students in the junior class 

9. Number of students in the sophomore class 

10. Number of students in the freshman class* 

11. Number of studenss not in the regular classes. . .. . 

12. Number of students in the preparatory department 



$l,20a 
800 
800 
800 
800 
500 



Female. 




18. Number of acres of land owned by tbe institatioo, about. # 1,000 



229 

14. Eftt\matcd oaah yalue of land owned by the institution — 

Grounds ' $30 , 000 

' Other landci, about 4,000 

184,000 00 

15. Estimated cash Value of buildings owned by th^ institation 70,000 00 

16. Amount of endowments and funds except real estate 87,000 00 

17. Amount of income for the current year from all sources ex- 

cept tuition 4,200 00 

18. Amount received for tuition during the current year* 2,200 00 

19. Rates of tuition in collegiate department per annum, not 

including; board* 87 90 

20. Bates of tuition in preparatory department per annum, not 

including board 26 20 

21. Amount paid on account of expenses of the institution, ex- 

clusiTe of building and repairs, during the year ending 

August 81, 1889 6,800 00 

GEO. M. STEBLB^ 
Preiident of the Board of Truiteei. 



MILTON COLLEGE. 

Annual Report of the Prendent of the Board of Fruitees of the 
Milton College, for the year ending AuguU 31, 1869. 

1. Corporate name of the institution. The Milton College. 

2. Name of the place where the ibstitution is located, Milton, Wis. 

3. Tear when the institution was founded, as an academy (1844); as a col- 

lege (1867). 

4. Names of members of the faculty with their respective salaries: 



Namee. 


Departments of Instruction. 


Salaries. 


Rev. W. 0. Whitford, A. M. 
Edward Searing, A. M. . . . 

Sbepard Rockwood 

Jonathan D. Bond 

MiM A. M. Fenner, A. M.. 

Miss Mary F. Bailey 

Mrs. Emma J. Utter 

Mrs. Ruth H. Wh tford. . . . 


Natural, Mental and Moral Sciences. 

Latin and Greek Languages 

Pure Mathematics 


%\ ,000 00 
800 00 
800 00 


Penmanship & Commercial Instruction 
English Language and Literature. . . . 

Qerman and English Languages 

Instrumental and Vocal Music 

Paintinir and Penciling 


175 00 
400 60 
bOO 00 
700 00 
860 00 


Miss Jane C. Bond 

Miss Ida Springstubbe .... 


English Language and Literature. . . . 
German and French Languages 


800 00 
400 00 



S. Total number who have gradnated^ includ use Academy 
A. Number who eradnated %t iMt oomnieiicemeut. ...... 


Male. 
24 


Female. 

87 

4 


^. Number of students in the Senior class. ...••.......• 






8. Number of students in the Junior class 

0. Number of students in the Sonhomore class. •...•..•• 


8 
10 
44 

70 
72 


1 
10 


10. Number of Btudents in the Freshman claaii ••«. 


29 


11. Number of students not in the Regular classes 

12. Number of students in the Preparatory department. . . 


60 
68 



•Including incidentals and library fM*. 



2m 

18. Xamber of acres of land owned by the institation • t8S 

14. Estimated cash value of land owned bj the institution. . . . . $5,400 0<^ 

15. Estimated cash value of buiMingM owned by the institution, 81, 109 0C> 

Id. Amount of endowments and funds except real estate 4,825 00 

1*7. Amount of income for the current year from all sources ex- * 

cepttuition 860 95 

18. Amount received for tuition during the current year 4,617 40 

19 Rates of tuition in Collegiate department per annum, noi 

including board 27 to SS 

20. Rates of tuiiion in Preparatory department per annum, not 

including board 21 to 2*7 

21. Amount paid on account of expenses of the institution, ex- 

clusive of building and repairs, during the year ending 

August 31, 1869 5,066 26 

W. C. WHITFORD, 
Preiident of Board of Tnuteei. 



MILWAUKEE FEMALE COLLEGE. 

Annual Report of the President of the Board of Trustees of (he 
Milwaukee Female College^ for the year ending August 81, 1869. 

1. Corporate name of the institution, Milwaukee Female College. 

2. Name of the place wbere the institution is located, city of Milwaukee. 
8. Year when the institution was founded, 1848, chartered in 1851. 

4. Naa^es of members of the faculty with their respective salaries: 



Names. 



Mary Mortimer 

Sarah WBigelow 

Helen M. Phillips 

PhebeL. Bull 

Mary Worcester 

"Sarah E. Marsh 

Mary Phillips 

A. G. Faville and Carrie 

Mortimer 

E. Collins 

Marie Sexte 



Denartments of Instruction. 



Moral and Mental Science 

Geography and History 

Mathematics and Natural Science. 
English Language and Composition \ 

Latin 

Primary School 

English Studies 

Music 



Drawing and Painting 
French and German . . . 



Salarlea. 



$4,000 



IncofDep. 

IncofDep. 
iDCofDep. 



\ 



5. Total number who have graduated 

6. Number who graduated at last commencement 

*l. Number of students in the senior class 

8. Number of students in the Junior class 

9. Number of students in the sophomore class 

10. Number of students in the fresnman class 

11. Number of students not in the regular classes 

12. Number of students in the preparatory department, 



Female. 



76 
7 
8 

12 

14 
9 

14 
129 



281 

18. Number of acres of land owned bj the inatitation, Zi citj lots. 

14. Estimated cash value of land owned by the institution. . . . $20,000 00 

15. Estimaied cash yaloe of buildings owned by the institution 20,000 00 

16. Amount of endowments aad funds except real estate 

17. Amount of income for the current year from all sources ex- 

cept tuition 

18. Amount received for tuition during the current year 6,098 00 

19. Rates of tuition in collegiate <lepartment per year, not in- 

cluding board 60 00 

80. Rates of tuition in preparatory department per annum, not 

including board 46 00 

21. Amount paid on account of expenses ot the institution, ex- 
clusive of building and repairs, during the year ending 
August 81, 1869 900 00 

Spring and summer term for 1870, begins February 9, and continues 20 
weeks. Board and tuition $276 per annum. 

ALPHA C. MAY, 
Preiident of the B do/ Trustees. 



NORTH-WESTERN UNIVERSITY. 

Annual Report of the President of the Board of Trustees of the 
North- Western University, for the year ending August 31, 1869. 

1. Corporate name of the institution, North-Western University. 

2. Name of the place where the institution is located, Watertown, Wis. 

3. Tear when the institution was founded, 1864. 

4. Names of members of the faculty, with their respective salaries: 



Names. 



Rev. L. 0. Thompson, A. M. 
Rer. T. Menmann, Ph. D. . 
Rev. August Ernst, A. M. . 
Rev. F.W. Stellhorn, A. M. 
Rev. R. Adelberg, A. M. . . 

Rev. Chas. Strades 

Mr. John Kaltenbrunn. . . . 



Depa'-tments of Instruction. 



Mathematics 

Greek Language and Literature .... 

Latin Language 

Ethics and German Language 

Assistant Professor 

Assistant Professor 

Principal Preparatory department . . 



Balaries. 



$1,000 00 
1,000 00 
1,000 00 
1,000 00 



760 00 



6. Total number who have graduated 

6. Number who graduated at last commencement 

7. Number of students in the Senior class .• 

8. Number of students in the Junio** class 

9. Number of students in the Sophomore class 

10. Number of students in the Freshman class 

11. Number of students not in the regular classes 

12. Number of students in the Preparatory department. . . 



Male. 



8 

106 



Female. 



20 



282 

18. Number of ftoren of land owned bj the institution 9ft 

14. Estimated cash value of land owned by the inBtitation |T,000 UO 

16. Estimated cash value of buildings owned by the institution. 21 ,500 riO 

16. Amount of endowments and funds except real estate 61 ,04)0 00 

17. Amount of income for the current year from all sources ex- 

cept tuition ia,187 14 

18. Amount received for tuition during the current year 618 00 

19. Rates of tuition in collegiate department per annum, not 

including board 80 00 

20. Bates of tuition in preparatory department per annum, not 

including board 8000 

21. Amount paid on account of expenses of the institution, ex- 

clusive of buiMing and repairs, during the year ending 

August ai, 1869 5,000 00 

LEWIS 0. THOMPSON, 

PreitdeiU of the FacuUy. 



PRAIRIE DU OHIEN COLLEGE. 

Aimual Report of the Prendent of the Board of Tru»tee9 of Prai- 
rie du Chien College, for the year ending Auguet 31, 1869. 

1. Corporate name of the institution, Trairie du Chien College 

2. Name of the place where the institution is located, Prairie du Chien. 
8. Year when the institution was founded, 1665. 

4. Names of members of the faculty, with their respective salaries: 



Names. 



W. S Perry... ^ 

Miss L. A. Chittenden . . . . 

J. W.Hartel 

Miss S. H. Prince 



Departments of Instruction. 



Principal 

English Department 

Teacher of German, French and Music 
Principal of Primary Departroet . . . 



Salariea 



,11,000 00 
•400 00 
•600 00 
♦800 00 



5. Total number who have graduated 

rt. Number who graduated at last commencement 

7. Number of students in the Senior Class. . . . ; 

8. Number of students in the Junior Class 

9. Number of students in the Sophomore Class 

10. Number of students in the Freshman Class 

11. Number of students not in the Regular Classes 

12. Number of students in the Preparatory Department. . 



Male. 



51 



Female. 



55 



. i •• 



18. Number of acres of land owned by the in->titution 

14. Estimated cash value of land owned by the institution .... . , 

15. Estimated cash value of buildings owned by the institution $45,000 00 

16. Amount of endowments and funds except real estate 

17. Amount of income for the current year from all sources ex- 

cept tuition 1 096 W 



.....' 



* And board. 



288 

18. Amount rec«iYed for taition during the current jear 2,100 00 

19. Bates of taition in collegiate department per annum, not 

including board.... .' 

20. Rates of taition in preparatory department per annum, not 

including board 80 00 

21. Bates of taition in primary department per annum, not in- 

cluding board 20 00 

22. Amount paid on account of expenses of the institution, ex- 

clusive of building and repairs, during the year ending 

August 81, 1869 2,700 00 

B. W. PELTON, 
, PrendetU of the Board of Truttee$. 



RAOINE COLLEGE. 

Annual Report of th% Preiident of Racine College, for the year 

ending August 81, 1869, 

1 . Corporate name of the institution, Bacine College. 

2. Name of the place where the institution is located, Bacine. 
8. Year when the institution was founded, 18S2. 

4. Names of members of the faculty with their respective salaries: 



Names. 



Rev. J. De Koven, D. D . . . 

Edward B. Spilding 

Rev. H. Wheeler, B. D. . . 
Rev. G. W. Dean, A. M.. 

Rev. A. Falk, Ph. D 

Rev. 0. J. Machen, B. M. . 
Rev. B. 0. Hinsdale, A. M. 
Rev. J L. Elmendorf, D. D. 

D. Marvin, Jr., A. M 

Rev. C. A. Spalding, A. H. 
Rev. T. D. Pitts, B. D.... 
M. 8. V . Heard, A. M . . • . 

W. B. Hall, A. M 

6. S. Meade, A. B 

6. B. Hallam, A. B 

T. K.McAfrerty 

M. La Bernbaire 



Departments of Instruction. 



Warden 

Head Master 

Mathematics , 

Classics 

Oerman and History , 

Music , 

Natural Science 

English Lit. and Philosophy. 

Greek 

Mathematics 

Bnglish Literature 

Latin 

Master of the upper school . . 
Master of the middle school . 
Masler of the lower school . . 

Elocution 

French 



Salaries. 



II 
1 
1 
1 
1 
1 
1 
1 
1 
1 
1 



,600 00 
,600 00 
,600 00 
,600 00 
,200 00 
,600 00 
,600 00 
,200 00 
,000 00 
,000 00 
,100 00 



,200 00 
,000 00 
,000 00 
,200 00 
,000 00 



6. Total number who have graduated 

t. Number who graduated at last commencement 

7. Number of students in the senior class 

8. Namber of students in the Junior class 

9. Namber of students in the sophomore class 

10. Namber of students in the freshman class 

11. Namber of students not in the regular classes 

11 Number of students in the preparatory department 



4 




Female. 



284 

18. Number of ftcres of land owned by the institution 90 

14. Estimated cash ralue of land owned bj the institution. . . . $9,000 00 
16. Estimated CMh value of buildings owned by the institution. 75,000 00 

16. Amount of endowments and funds except real estate 

1*7. Amount of income for the current year from all sources ex- 
cept tuition • 

18. Amount received for tuition, including board, during the 

current year about 68,500 00 

19. Rates of tuition in collegiate department per annum, in- 

cluding board 600 00 

SO. Bates of tuition in preparatory department per annum, in- 
cluding board , 400 00 

81. Amount paid on account of expenses of the institution, in- 
cluding repairs, during year ending Aug. 81, '69. . .about 68,600 00 

JAMES DJBi KOVEN, 
President of the College. 

« 

BIPON GOLLEQB. 

Annual Report of the Preexdewt of the Board of Trusteei of 
Ripon College for the year ending August 81, 1869. 

1. Corporate name of th«i institution, Ripon College. . 

8. Name of thn place where the institution is located, Ripon. 

8. Year when the institution was founded as a college, 1868. 

4. Names of members of the faculty, with their respective salaries. 



Names. 



Rev. W. E. Merriman, A.M. 
Rev. E. H. Merrell, A. M . 
Theodore Wilder, A. M . . . 

W H. Bristoll,A.M 

Joseph M. Geery, A. B. . . . 

John 0. Fillmore 

George C Duffee, A. B... 
Also three female teachers 



Departments of Instruction. 



Mental and Moral Science. . . , 

Greek 

Mathematics and Astronomy, 

Latin 

Rhetoric 

Music 

English studies , 



Salarisa 



$800 00 
750 00 
700 00 
700 00 
700 00 



400 00 




6. Total number who have graduated 

6. Number who graduated at last commencement 

7. Number of students in the senior class 

8. Number of students in the junior class 

9. Number of students in the sophomore class 

10. Number of students in the freshman class 

11. Number of students not in the regular classes 

18. Number of students in the preparatory department. . . 



Male. 

6 
1 
8 

11 
8 

15 



18. Number of acres of land owned by the institution, besides 
OoUegesite 



5 

8 
3 
9 




no 



285 

14. Kstinated cash yalue of land owned by the inititution .... $700 00 

15. Estimated cash value of buildings owned by the institution 65,000 00 

16. Amount of endowments and funds except real estate 7,000 00 

17. Amount of income for the current year from all sources 

except tuition 650 00 

18. Amount received for tuition during the current year 4,500 00 

19. Rates of tuition in collegiate department per annum, not 

including board 24 00 

80 Rates of tuition in preparatory department per annum, not 

including board . 21 00 

81. Amount paid on account of the expenses of the institu- 
tion, exclusive of building and repairs, during the year 
ending August 81, 1869 None. 

WILLIAM E. MERRIMAM, 
Prendent of the Board of' TruUees. 



WISCONSIN FEMALE COLLEGE. 

Annnal Report of the Preiident of the Board of Trusteei of the 
JVtieonsin JTemale College, for the year ending August 81, 1869. 

1. Corporate name of the ins'itution, Wisconsin Female College. 

2. Name of the place where the institution is located, Fox Lake 

8. Tear when the institution was founded, under present management, 1862. 
4. Names of members of the faculty, with their respective salaries: 



Names. 



M iM Mary L. Growell . . . . 
M isa Alvira L. Stevens . , 
Miss Sarah G. Home. . . . . 
Miss Annie B. Sewell. . . . 
Miss Lucinda S. Hulbert. 
Miss Emma J. Kelly. . . . . 



Departments of Instruction. 



Music 



Salaries. 



|800 00 and board. 
200 00 " 
200 00 " 
200 00 *« 
200 00 " 



6. Total number who have graduated since 1864 

6. Number who graduated at last commencement 

7. Number of students in the Senior class 

8. Number of students in the Middle class 

9. Number of students in the Junior class 

10. Number of students in the Preparatory department. 



Female. 

IT 
8 
8 

10 
1 

74 



11. Number of acres of land owned by the institution 

12. Estimated 'cash value of land owned by the institution 

18. Estimated cash value of buildings owned by the institution. 
14. Amount of endowments and Arnds except real estate 



$8,000 00 
26,000 00 



286 

16. Amount of income for the carrent year from all ) Income almost en- 
BoarceB except tuition l tiraly from board 

16. Amount received for tuition during current year. . ) and tuition. 

17. Rates of tuition in collegiate department per annum, not 

including board $25 00 

18. Rates of tuition in preparatory department per annum, not 

including board 26 00 

19. Amount paid on account of expenses of the instttution, ex- 

clusive of building and repairs, during the year ending 

August 81, 1869 

JASON DOWNER, 
PreiideiU of the Board of Trustees. 



ACADEMIES AND SEMINARIES. 



ALBION AOADEHT. 



Afmual Report of the President of the Board of Truitees of AU 
hion Academy and Normal JmtitvJte^ for the year ending Augtut 
81, 1869. 

1. Gorporate name of the inatitotion, Albion academy and Normal Idstitute. 

2. Name of the place where the institution ii located, Albion, Dane count/, 

Wisconsin. 
8. Tear when the institution was founded, 1864. 
4. Names of members of the faculty with their respective salaries: 



Names. 



BeT. A. R. Ooniwall, A. M. 

J. Beardsley, A. M 

Thure Kumlein, A» H 

J. C. Millard, B. P 

KissS. ILHobart 

Miss A. F. WeUs 



Departments of Instruction. 



Metaphysics and Latin. . 
Mathematics and Greek, 

Curator Cabinet 

Elocution 

Preceptress • . . 

Instrumental Music 



Salaries. 



$1,000 
760 
600 



800 



5. Total number who have graduated 

6. Number who graduated at last commencement 

7. Number of students in the senior class 

8. Number of students in the junior class 

9. Number of students in the sophomore class 

10. Number of students in the freshman class 

11. Number of students not in the regular classes 

1)1. Number of students in the preparatory department. ^ 



Male. 

84 
8 



Not 



re 



Female. 

84 
8 



ported. 



18. Number of acres of land owned by the institution 

14, Estimated cash value of lard owned by the institution 

16. Estimated cash value of buildings owned by the institution 

16. Amount of endowments and funds except real estate 

17. Amount of income for the current year from all sources ex- 

cept tuition 

18. Amount received for tuition during the current year 

19. Eates of tuition in collagiatv department per annum, not 

inoluding board ^«. •••••...• • 



210 

$2,260 00 

86,000 00 

600 00 



2S8 

20. Rates of tuition in prbparatorj depurtment per annum, not 

including board .^ 

21. Amount paid on account ot expenses of the * institution, 

exclusive of building and repairs, during the year ending 

August 81, 1869 

0. R. HEAD, 
Preiideni of the Board of TrtuUeB, 



GERMAN AND ENGLISH AOADEMT. 

Annual Report of the Preeident of the Board of Truttees of the 
Oerman and Engluh Academy^ of Milwamkee^for the year t»dr 

ing August 31, 1869. 

< 

1. Corporate name of the institution, German and English Academy. 

2. Name of the place where the institution is located, Milwaukee. 
8. Tear when the institution was founded, 1861. 

4. Names of members of the faculty with their respective salaries: 



Names. 



P. Englemann 
W. Schleif ... 
F. W. Ciller . . 
Miss M. Everts 
Miss A. Baison 



Departments of Instruction. 



Mathematics and Natural Sciences . . 

Ancient Modem Languages. 

English Grammar, Composition, etc. 
English branches in the ladies' depart. 
German branches In the ladies' depart. 



Salaries. 



81,000 00 

1,000 00 

760 00 

600 00 

600 00 



In the Elementary department there are two German and two English 
teachers. For drawing, one teacher, for needlework two teachers. 



Female. 



6. Total number who have graduated 

0. Number who graduated at last commonoement 

7. Number of students in the Seuior class , 

8. Number of students in the Junior class , 

9. Number of students in the Preparatory department 




10. Number of acres of land owned by the institution, 2 lots in first ward. 

11. Estimated cash value of land owned by the institution .... $6,000 00 

12. Estimated cash value of buildings owned by the institution, 10,000 00 

18. Amount of endowmentM and funds except real estate 

14. Amount of income for the current year from all sources ex- 
cept tuition 

16. Amount received for tuition during the current year 7,200 00 

16. Rates ol tuition in OoUegate department per annum, not 

including board •••••• • •••.. 4200 



23d 

17. Rates of tuition in Preparatory department per annum, not 

including board 

18. Amount paid on account of expenses of the institution, ex- 

clusive of building and repairs, during the year ending 
August 81, 1869! 



24 to 80 



HENRY MANJi, 
Pruident of the Board of TrusteeM. 



JEFFERSON LDJBRAL INSTITUTE. 

Annual Report of the President of the Board of Trtutees of Jef- 
ferson Liberal Institute for the year ending August 81, 1869. 

1. Corporate name of the institution, The Jefferson Liberal Institute. 

2. Name of the place where the institution is located, Jefferson, Wis. 
8. Tear when the institution was founded, April 12, 1866. 

4. Names of members of the faculty, wiih their respective salaries: 



Names* 



Prof. Elmore Chase, A M, 

Mrs. M. E.Chase 

MissE. M.Beckwith 

Miss M. J. Swart , 

T. F. Van Nedour , 

Mias Nettie Horton , 

Hiss Bell Giles 

Ghas. A. Ooldammer .... 



Departments of Instruction. 



Natural Sciences and Ancient Lang. 
French, Painting, Drawing, Geography 

Higher English 

Common Euglish • 

Commercial Department 



Instrumental and Vocal Music. 
German 



Salaries. 



6 Total i)umber who have graduated 

6. Number who graduated at last commencement. ...... 

7. Number of students in the Senior Class 

8. Number of students in the Junior Class of Ladies* 

Collegiate Course 

9. Number of students in the First Year of Ladies' Col- 

legiate Course 

10. NumbeV of students in the Freshman Class 

11. Number of students not in the Regular Classes. ...... 

12. Number of ritudents in the Preparatory Department . 
18. Number of students in the Commercial Department, 

not in other classes. 



Male. 



8 

64 
10 

18 



Female. 



2 

7 



60 
18 



14. Number of acres of land owned by the institution 

16. Estimated cash value of land owned by the institution. . . . 

16. Estimated cash value of buildings owned by the institution 

17. Amount of endowments and funds except real estate 

18. Amount of income for the current year from all sources ex- 

cen')tiiiadn 



$6,600 00 
27,000 00 



240 

19. Amount received for tuition daring the oarrent year 1 ,688 09 

20. Bates of tuition in collegiate department per annum, not 

inoluding board 27 00 

21. Rates of tuition in preparatory department per annum, not 

including board 17 00 

22. Amount paid on account of expenses of the iustltution, 

exclusive of building and repairs, during the year ending 

August 8 1, 1 869 1,688 69 

J. W. OSTRANDER, 
Pre$ideni of the Board of 2V«Mfeet. 



PATCH GROVE ACADEMY. 

AkkwiI Beport of t\t President of the Board of TrurteeM of 
Patch Orove Academy for the year ending Auguit 81, 1869. 

1. Gorporate name of the Institution, Patch Grove Academy. 

2. Name of the place where the institution is located. Patch Grove. 
8. Year when the institution was founded, 1865. 

4. Names of members of faculty with their respective salaries. 



'N'ames. 


Departments of Instmotion. 


Salaries. 


• 
W. Brailey Clark, A. M . . 
Mrs. £. J. M. Newcomb. • . 


Hieher Encrlish and Classics. • • 


$1,500 00 


Common Enelish • 


600 00 


Miss Emma McLean. ..... 


Vocal and Instrumental Music 


1. •• . • • 










6. Total number who have 
6 Number who graduated 

7. Number of students in 


) ffraduated 


Male. 


Female. 


at last commencement 

the academy. 


40 




50 



8. Number of acres of land owned by the institution 

9. Estimated cash value of land owned by the institution. . . • 

10. Estimated cash value of buildings owned by the institution 

11. Amount of endowments and funds except real estate 

12. Amount of income for the current year from all sources, 

except tuition 

18. Amount received for tuition during the current year 

14. Rates of tuition in collegiate department per annum, not 
including board • 

16. Bates of tuition in preparatory department per annum, not 
including board. 

16. Amount paid on account of expenses of the institution, ex- 
clusive of building and repairs, during the year ending 
August 81, 1869 



$800 00 
8,000 00 



1,600 00 
80 00 
26 00 

80 00 



Wm. HUMPHREY. 
Prerideniiff the Board of Trueieee. 



APPENDIX. 



1 (Appb) Bvp. FuB. In. 



TABLE No. I. 



APPORnONMENT OE SCHOOL FUND INCOME 

FOR 1869. 



OountUs and Towns. 



lDA]f&- 

AdftiDfl 

Big Flats 

Dell Prairie...., 

EastOD 

Jackson , 

Leola , 

Lincoln 

UoDroe 

New Chester. . . . 

Kew Haven 

Preston 

Qainey 

Richfleid 

Rome 

Springville .... 

* Strong's Prairie, 

White Creek . . . 



Touf 



BAYFIELD— 

Bayfield 

BROWK— 

Bellerne 

Depere 

Depere, Tillage 
Eaton 

Fort Howard... 

Olenmore 

Green Bay .... 
Oreen Bay, city 
Holland ...... 

Howatd 

Humboldt 

I«awreDce 

liorrison 

-^•w Denmark. . 
PitUfleld 



No. of 
Children 



Apportion- 
ment. 




166 U 

16 10 
104 84 

64 06 
84 18 

17 89 
104 81 

68 16 

68 28 

192 70 

26 79 
40 82 
48 71 

27 78 
64 06 

16C 98 
89 96 



$1,164 82 



$62 98 



$184 42 
74 26 

178 18 
61 67 

866 18 
96 41 

160 40 
664 71 
247 22 

161 84 
127 84 
206 89 
192 70 
119 86 

68 76 



Table No. I-^Appqrtianment of School Fund /fieo«ie— coniiiiaed. 



Coonties and Tow as. 



No. of I Apportion- 
Ohildreo meat 



Bbown — continned — 

Preble 

Rockland 

Scott 

Suamico 

Wrightstown . . . 



Total 




167 SS 
187 71 
812 65 
110 9i 
172 02 



$3,718 64 



BUFFALO— 

Alma 

Belvidere..., 

. Buffalo 

Buffalo, city. 

Canton 

Cross 

Oilman ton . . . 

Glencoe 

MaxTiUe • . . . 

Modena 

Montana . . . . 

Naples 

Nelson ...... 

Waumandee . 




Total 8,009 $1,41.4 2S 



BURNETT— 
Burnett . 



94 



CALUMET— 

Brlllion 

Brothertown. 
Cbarlestown . . 

Chilton 

Harrison .... 
New Holsteiti. 

Rantoul 

Stockbridge . 
Woodville..., 



44 18 



Total 



CHIPPEWA— 

Anson 

Bloomer 

Chippewa Falls ' 

Eagle Point .', 

La Fayette 

Sigel 

Wheaton 



Total 



4,416 



84 
809 
604 
882 
224 

66 
191 



1,769 



102 93 

295 68 
280 80 
266 96 
224 l» 

296 67 
124 08 
868 96 
166 91 



|2,076j2 



89 48 

146 28 

.2S6 88 

179 6* 
106 28 

80 66 
89 77 



$826 78 



TabliNo. L^^Apportionment of School JFVcn^ /neome— oontinned. 



Oonntiee and Towns. 



No. of 
children. 



Apportion- 
ment. 



CLAKK— 

Grant 

Loyal 

Lynn 

Mentor. ... 
Pine Valley. 
Weston . . . . 



Total, 



COLUMBIA— 

Arlington 

Caledonia . . . ^ • . . 

OolnmbuB 

Oourtland 

Pekorra 

Fort Winnebago. 
Fountain Prairie. 

Hampden 

Leeds. , 

Lewiston 

Lodi 

Lowville , 

Marcellon 

Newport , 

Otsego 

Pacific , 

Portage City..... 

Randolph , 

Scott , 

Springyale , 

West Point 

Wyocena , 



Total. 



CRAWFORD— 

Clayton 

Eastman 

Freeman 

Haney 

Marietta 

Prairie da Chien, 

Scott 

Beueca 

Union , 

Utica 



Wanzeka, 



98 
67 
19 
97 
248 
149 



$48 71 

26 79 

8 98 

46 69 

116 66 
70 08 



668 



$811 61 



816 
479 
956 
681 
640 
809 
622 
404 
421 
418 
651 
848 
872 
645 
611 
88 
1,4«6 
419 
866 
826 
881 
497 



10,988 



691 
415 
460 
176 
2O0 

i,.sn 

865 
4^8 
1S5 
442 

»68 



$148 62 
226 18 
448 86 
820 07 
268 80 
146 28 
246 84 
189 88 
197 87 
194 11 
806 97 
168 66 
174 84 
266 16 
240 17 
41 86 
708 12 
196 98 
172 02 
162 28 
166 67 
288 69 



$5,164 86 

- 



Total , 4,9i« 



$277 77 

196 06 

216 20 

82 72 

94 00 

680 27 

166 86 

212 91 

63 46 

207 74 

168 26 



$2,316 22 



6 
Tablb No I. — Apportionment of School Fund income— eontumed^ 



Count! eg and Towns. 



No. of 
children* 



Apportion- 
ment. 



DANE— 

Albion 

Berry . . . 

Black Earth 

Blooming Groye. . . . 

Blue Mounds 

Bristol 

Burke. 

Christiana 

Cottage Grove 

Cross Plains 

Dane 

Deerfield 

Dunkirk '. . 

Dunn 

Fitchburg 

Madison •... 

Madison, city 

Mazomanie 

Medina 

Middleton 

Montrose 

Oregon 

Perry 

Pleasant Springs... 

Primrose 

Roxbury 

Rutland 

Springdale 

Springfield 

8toughton village. . . 

Sun Prairie 

Sun Prairie, village 

Vermont. 

Verona 

Vienna 

Westport 

Windsor. 

York 



Total, 



DODGE— 

Ashippun 

Beaver Dam 

Beaver Dam, city 

Burnett 

Calamus 

Chester. 

Clyman , 

Elba 

Emmett 



468 

478 
875 
840 
488 
447 
164 
602 
468 
692 
401 
477 
482 
248 
626 
802 
8,486 
674 
448 
714 
446 
695 
429 
488 
448 
495 
456 
498 
509 
268 
890 
177 
621 
468 
18H 
448 
406 
408 



19,687 



679 
642 
1,840 
858 
461 
860 
668 
601 
678 



1212 91 
222 31 
176 2$ 
169 80 
206 86 
210 09 
77 08 
282 94 
212 91 

278 U 
188 47 
224 19 

226 64 
114 21 
246 75 
141 94 

1,687 95 
816 78 

208 21 
886 58 

209 15 

279 65 
201 63 

227 01 
208 21 
282 65 

214 S2 
284 06 
289 28 
128 61 

188 80 
88 19 

244 87 

215 26 
87 42 

210 55 
190 85 

189 41 



$9 ,252 89 



$819 IS 
2fc4 74 

629 80 
165 91 
216 6T 
169 20 
809 26 
282 47 

271 «• 



Taxim No. I'^ApportiaHTMiU of School Ihund Jneome— oontmned. 



Ooonties and Towns. 



DoDOC-T'Continued. 

Tax Lake * • . 

Herman 

Habbard 

HastiBford 

Lebanon 

Leroy..... 

Lomira 

Lowell 

Oak Groye 

Portland 

Bubicon 

Shields .; 

Theresa •* 

Trenton. 

Waupnn Tillage 

Watertown, 6th and 6th wards. . . . 

Westford 

Williamstown 

Total 

DOOR— 

Bailey's Harbor 

Clay Banks 

Sgg Harbor. 

Forestville 

Gardner 

Gibraltar 

Liberty Grove 

t Nasewanpee 

SeTastopol 

Sturgeon Bay 

Washington 

Total 

DOUGLAS— 

Bonglas. . . . • 

DUNN— 

Dnnn : 

EauGalle 

ElkMonnd 

Grant.. 

Lvcas 

M enomonie 

Kew Haven 

Peru 

Red Cedar 



No. of I Apportion- 
children, ment. 





$a48 14: 
828 86 
466 11 
819 18 
826 71 
260 88 
849 68 
488 88 
849 21 
270 26 
866 18 
266 16 

426 86 
819 18 
142 41 
498 08 
242 06 

427 70 



18,791 86 



$60 76. 

81 49 
26 82 

82 90' 
88 07 

61 67 
28 67 

44 la 

66 88 
110 46 

62 98 



$662 72 



$102 98 



$148 82 

118 74 

66 98 

26 86 

41 88 
211 97 

42 80 
86 19 

19^28 



8 



Tabli No. 1 — Apportionmmt of Sehool Fund Ineame-^^eontmn^i, 



Ooaniiea and Towns. 



No. of 
ohildrao. 



DuNN-^oontinQed. 
Rook Greek.. 



Sherman 

Spring Brook. 
Weston 



ToUl, 



EAU GLAIRE* 
Bridge Greek. 



Branswiok r Vs* * * * 



Eaa Olaire 

Lincoln 

North Eau Glaire 

Oak OroTe 

Otter Greek 

Pleasant Valley. 
Washington .... 
West Eau Glaire 






V\" 



Total. 




FOND DU LAO— 

Alto 

Ashford 

Auburn 

Byron 

Galumet 

Eden 

Eldorado 

Empire 

Fond du Lac 

Fond dn Lac, city, 

Forest 

. Friendship. 

Lamartine 

M arshfield 

Metomen 

Oakfield. 

- Osceola. 

Ripon 

Rlpon, city 

Rosendale 

Springvale 

'Taycheedah 

Waupun 

nV'aupun, yiUage. . 



Total. 



49 

82 

846 

102 



2,481 



568 
828 
862 
660 
701 
666 
717 
432 
476 
6,601 
629 
454 
564 
876 
642 
485 
640 
416 
876 
501 
462 
675 
484 
871 

18,747 



Apportion- 
ment. 



$88 0$ 
88 54 

162 15 
47 94 



$1 , 142 57 



$182 8S 

45 12 

198 81 

28 67 

94 47 

84 IS 
97 76 

85 %S 
79 90 

242 99 



II ,089 n 



1261 n 

886 81 
806 44 
26S 20 
829 47 
81S OS 
886 99 
tOS 04 
288 55 

2,686 47 
248 6S 
218 S8 

^ 266 08 

• 817 n 

801 T4 
227 95 

268 eo 

196 05 
411 72 
285 47 
212 44 
817 «5 
237 48 
174 87 

f8,8n 09 



f 



9 



!tABii No. I^Apporttonment of School Fund /ncom^— oontlnued. 



Oonnties and Towns. 



No. of' 1 Apportion- 
Children ment 



OBANT— 

Beetown 

Blue River 

Bloomington 

Bosoobel 

CawTille 

Clifton 

Ellenboro 

I'ennimore 

Glen Hayen 

Harrison 

Bazel Green 

Hickory Grove 

Jameetown 

Lancaster 

Liberty 

Lima 

Little Grant 

Marion 

MillTille 

Mount Hope 

Mascoda 

Paria 

Patch Grove 

Platteville 

Potosi 

Bmelser 

Waterloo 

Watterstowtt 

Wingville 

Woodman 

Wyaluaing 

ToUl 

GBEEN— 

Adams. 

Albany 

Brooklyn « 

Cadiz 

Clarno 

Decatar 

Exeter 

Jeflferson 

Jordan 

Monroe 

Mount Pleasant ....... 

New Glarus 

Spring Grove 

Svlvester 

Washington 

York , 

Total 



767 
200 
481 
664 
488 
896 
812 
628 
891 
878 
1,087 
286 
608 
928 
818 
401 
161 
278 
98 
271 
824 
888 
888 
1,861 
1,194 
608 
819 
196 
282 
248 
826 



14,288 



1866 79 
94 00 

226 07 
266 08 

227 01 
186 66 
146 64 
296 16 
188 77 
177 66 

487 89 
184 42 
288 76 

488 81 
149 46 
188 47 

70 97 
180 66 

46 06 
127 87 
162 28 
168 86 
168 86 
689 67 
661 18 
286 41 
149 98 

91 66 
182 64 
114 21 
168 22 



$6,718 01 



168 66 
269 81 
217 U 
258 88 
289 99 
686 40 
181 89 
810 67 
212 91 
699 86 
229 86 
170 14 
228 89 
201 16 
164 16 
168 78 



8,800 1 $4,186 00 



10 



TabIiI No. I Apporttonmeni of School Fund /iieome— ooniiined. 



Ooanties and Towns. 



GREEN LAKE— 

Berlin 

Berlin, city 

Brooklyn 

Green Lake 

Kingston 

Kingston, Tillage . . 

Mackford 

Manchester 

Marquette 

Princeton 

St. Marie 

Seneca... 

Total 

IOWA— 

Arena 

Clyde 

DodgeTllIe 

Highland 

Linden 

Mifflin 

Mineral Point 

Mineral Point, city 

Moscow 

Pulaski •.. 

Ridgeway 

Waldwick 

Wyoming 

Total 

JACKSON— 

Albion 

Alma 

Garden Valley . . . . 

Hixton 

Irying 

Manchester 

Melrose 

Northaeld 

Springfield 

ToUl 

JEFFERSON— 

Altaian 

Gold Spring 

Concord 

Farmington 

Hebron 

Izonia 



No. of 


Apportion- 


Ohildren 


ment. 


429 


$197 40 


1,114 


528 ftS 


494 


282 18 


soa 


295 H 


826 


162 ''i 


844 


114 68 


616 


842 05 


876 


176 n 


842 


160 74 


699 


281 5$ 


856 


119 85 


142 


66 74 


6,828 


12,504 16 


821 


1885 87 


290 


186 SO 


1,629 


766 6S 


1,274 


598 78 


878 


418 66 


670 


267 90 


491 


280 77 


1,298 


610 06 


817 


148 99 


628 


845 81 


1,086 


486 98 


298 


140 06 


290 


186 SO 


9,716 


$M66_05 


628 


1295 16 


220 


108 40 


800 


141 00 


851 


164 97 


871 


174 87 


136 


61 98 


821 


150 87 


76 


85 78 


277 


180 1? 


2,680 


$1,269J0 


611 


1240 17 


805 


148 2^ 


669 


267 48 


1,082 


508 54 


459 


215 75 


689 


828 88 



11 



Tabli No. I — Apportionment of School Ihmd /ncom«— ooDtinned. 



Ooanties and Towns. 



JiTFBRSON—- continued. 

Jeffersoii 

Eoshkonong 

Uke Mills 

Milford 

Oakland 

Palmyra 

SuUiran 

Somner 

Waterloo 

Waterloo, Tillage. 

Watertown 

Watertown, citj. . 

ToUl 

JUNEAU— 

Armenia 

Clearfield 

Fonr^in 

German town , 

Kildare , 

Lemon weir 

Lindina 

Lisbon 

Lyndon 

Uarion ^ 

Manston Tillage.. 

Kecedah , 

Orange 

Plymontik 

Seven Mile Creek 

Summit. 

Wonewoc 

Total 

KENOSHA— 

Brighton 

Bristol 

Kenosha city.. .. 

Paria 

Pleasant Prairie.. 

Bacdall 

Salem 

Somers 

WheaUand 

Totol 

KBWAUNEE— 

Ahnepee 

Carlton. 




Apportion- 
ment. 



1782 66 
664 60 
284 86 
800 80 
206 88 
818 66 
810 20 
81 78 
179 64 
126 90 



487 
1,806 



67 
66 



$6,687 99 



$61 70 

22 66 

108 87 

Ci6 07 

146 28 

201 16 

206 80 

297 98 

86 07 

62 61 

162 62 

188 18 

40 89 

188 18 

188 47 

142 41 

169 80 



$2,282 60 



$242 62 
208 04 
747 80 
181 89 
242 99 
92 69 
269 81 
264 74 
149 98 



$2,884 81 



$269 78 
226 07 



12 



Table No. I — Apportionment of School Fund /ncoffie— oonolnded. 



Goanties and Towns. 



Kkwaunxe — continued. 

Ca«co 

Franklin 

Kewaunee '• • 

Lincoln 

Montpelier 

Pierce 

Bed River 

Total 

LA CROSSE— 

Bangor. 

Bums. 

Campbell 

Farmington 

Greenfield 

Hamilton 

Holland 

La Crobse city 

North La Crosse Tillage 

Onalaska 

Shelby 

Washington * 

Total 

LA FAYETTE— 

Argyle 

Belmont 

Benton 

Center 

Elk Grove 

Fayette 

Gratiot * 

Kendall 

Monticello 

New Diggings 

ShuUsburg 

Wayne 

White Oak Springs 

Willow Springs 

Wiota 

Total 

MANITOWOC— 

Cato 

Centerville 

Cooperstown 

Eaton 

Franklin 

Gibson 



No. of 


ApportioD- 


children. 


ment 


881 


1179 (n 


80£ 


141 94 


663 


806 91 


168 


78 98 


260 


117 50 


260 


117 60 


S6S 


166 91 


3,412 


$1,603 M 


460 


1211 50 


872 


174 M 


177 


88 19 


667 


261 79 


263 


118 91 


880 


890 10 


270 


126 90 


1,908 


* 894 41 


868 


166 44 • 


489 


206 88 


149 


70 0$ 


288 


188 01 


6,036 


$2,836 45 


669 


$262 73 


888 


182 36 


827 


883 69 


1,210 


668 7i> 


641 


854 27 


842 


160 74 


683 


321 01 


281 


' 132 07 


216 


101 52 


712 


334 64 


1,241 


688 27 


413 


194 11 


203 


95 41 


478 


224 66 


673 


816 31 


8,767 


$4,120 49 


700 


$389 00 


689 


800 88 


690 


824 80 


666 


261 82 


666 


808 92 


661 


810 67 



18 
Tabu No. I — Aj^ortiomitent of School Fund /neome— oontinned. 



Gounties and Towns. 


No. of 
Ohildren 


Apportion- 
ment. 


Mahitowoo— continued — 

Kossuth .....*••• ..•••. •• 


862 
607 
400 

1,682 
686 
406 
646 
671 
808 
807 
666 
197 

1,2(»6 


1406 14 
286 29 


LibertT 


lfts,nito woe ......••.••■••••.•••....•••• 


188 00 


ManitowocTillaffO 


790 64 


H anitowoo Raoids 


821 95 


If aolo OroTO ......■..••.•• ••■••••.•.•.••.> 


190 86 


Moeme ...•••.. .■•. 


808 15 


Hishicott 


816 87 


MewtOD. •.... •* •••• 


879 76 


Rockland • 


144 29 


Schleswifif •••.•• ••• •••••••••• 


807 85 


Two Groeks • 


92 69 


Two Rivera 


666 82 






Total 


18,082 


$6,126 04 


1 

MARATHON— 

Berlin 


286 

67 
197 

20 
168 
198 

78 
120 
864 
141 

26 


$184 42 


KnowltOD ••- •• ••••••••••»••• 


26 79 


Maine 


92 69 


If Arathon ... --- ..(.... •«.... 


9 40 


Mosinee ....••• •• .•••....•••••«•••.•• 


71 91 


Stettin 


98 06 


Tezaa 


84 81 


Wausau 


66 40 




171 08 


Weston 


66 27 




11 75 








1,684 


1767 96 


MARQUETfE— 


824 
284 

271 
224 
164 
860 
190 
194 
167 
222 
288 
198 
96 
219 


1168 28 


Crvatal Lake 


109 98 




127 87 


Harris 


106 28 




72 88 


Montello .*. • .••.••• •.•••.••• 


164 60 




89 80 


-Neshkoro ...>•>. ........••• •>•••• 


91 18 


Newton ••..•■.•••.•••..••..•.■••••.•• 


78 49 


Oxford .•••.... 


104 84 




111 86 


Shields • 


98 06 


Bnrinff field ....................••.•...••■••.*•• 


44 65 


Weatfield •■..•. 


102 98 






Total 


8,M80 


11 ,447 60 






1 



14 
Tabli No. I-^Apportianment of School Fumd /neome— oontiiined. 



Coonties aod Towiu. 



MILWAUKEE— 

Franklin 

Graaville 

Greenfield 

Lake 

Milwaukee 

Milwaukee, city 

Oak Creek 

Wanwatoaa. . . . 

Total 

MONBOE— 

Adrian 

Angelo 

Olifton 

Eaton 

Glendale 

Greenfield 

Jefferson 

La Fayette . . . . 

Leon 

Lincoln 

Little Falls. . . . 

Oakdale 

Portland 

Ridge ville 

Sheldon , 

Sparta 

Tomah ........ 

Wellington . . . . 

Wilton 

Total 

OCONTO— 

Gillett 

Little Suamico. 

Marinette 

Oconto ........ 

Oconto, Tillage. 

Pensaukee 

Peshtigo 

Stiles 

Total 

OUTAGAMIE— 
Appleton, ctly.. 
Black Creek..., 

Bovina 

Buchanan 

Center 



Ko. of 
Children 



706 
92a 
866 
792 

1,278 

28,660 

967 

1,280 



80,461 



$14,816 67 



229 
172 
168 
68 
251 
171 
290 
184 
479 
854 
284 
288 
172 
274 
245 
1,298 
654 
153 
270 



6,739 



60 

108 
244 
282 
648 
134 
407 
104 



1,882 



1,824 

88 

101 

246 

893 



▲pporiion- 
menu 



$881 82 
488 84 

402 88 

878 24 

600 66 

11,120 20 

454 49 
«0I 60 



$207 68 
80 84 
78 96 
29 61 
117 97 
80 87 
186 80 
62 89 
225 18 
166 88 
109 98 
109 61 
80 84 
128 78 
115 15 
607 71 
260 88 
'71 91 
126 90 



$2,697 88 



$28 20 

48 41 
114 68 
182 54 
257 66 

62 98 

191 29 

48 86 



$884 54 



$62128 

17 86 

47 47 

115 «8 

184 71 



16 
Tabu No. 1 — AfpariionmmU of School Fwid /jieom«— oontinned ' 



Oonntias and Towns. 



OuTAOAMis— cont!na«d . 

Dmte 

Deer Greek 

Ellington 

Freedom 

Grand Ohnte 

Greenrille 

HoTtonia 

Eaukauna 

Liberty 

Maple Greek 

Osbom , 

Seymour ^ 

Total / 

OZAUKEfi— 

Belgium 

Cedarbarg 

Fredonia 

Grafton 

Heqnon , 

Port Washington 

SaukTiUe 

Total 

Albany , 

Darand , 

Frankford , 

Lima 

Pepin 

Stockholm • 

WaterriUe 

Waabeek 

Total 

FISBOE^ 

CUfton 

Diamond Blnff 

Ellaworth , 

El Paso 

Hartland 

Isabelle 

MarteU 

OakGroTe 

Hetsant Valley 

Prescott 



Ho. of 


Apportion- 


children, 


ment. 


886 


1167 92 


89 


18 88 


8oa 


141 94 


888 


156 61 


588 


274 01 


«92 


278 24 


428 


198 81 


860 


169 20 


'91 


46 69 


88 


41 86 


149 


70 08 


68 


27 26 


6,462 


$2,667 14 


969 


$450 78 


1,127 


629 69 


788 


846 86 


862 


414 54 


1,866 


641 66 


1,160 


640 60 


816 


888 52 


7,087 


8,807 89 


69 


$27 78 


279 


181 18 


144 


67 68 


124 


68 28 


812 


146 64 


187 


64 89 


800 


141 00 


68 


27 26 


1,418 


664 11 


281 


$108 57 


170 


79 90 


256 


120 82 


108 


48 41 


186 


68 46 


64 


80 08 


847 


168 09 


296 


188 68 


129 


60 68 


894 


186 IS 



16 

» 

Tablb No. I'^ApportionmeiU of School Fund /neoiiM— -eontiniifid. 



Goanties and Towna. 



Pdulcb— continaed. 
Rirer Falls . . . . 

Rook Elm 

Salem 

Trenton 

Trimbelle 

Union 



Total - S,206 $1,506 S5 



POLK— 

Alden , 

Farmington. . 

Lincoln 

Osceola 

St. Oroix Falls. 
Sterling 



Total 



PORTAGE— 

Almond 

Amherst 

Belmont 

BnenaVisU 

Grant 

Hull 

Lanark 

Linwood 

New Hope 

Pine GroYe 

Plover 

Sharon 

Stevens Point .... 
SteveiiS Point ,cit7 
Stockton 



Total . . . 

RAOINE— 

Barlington . 
Oaledonia . . 

Dover 

Ht. Pleasant 
Norway . . . 
Racine city. 
Raymond ... 
Rochester . . 
Waterfoid.. 
YorkviUe... 



No. of 
children. 




Apportioc- 
menL 



$220 4$ 
SO 63 
27 11 
58 28 
152 69 
27 26 



$S0 6S 

84 60 
45 59 

85 54 
78 S2 

8 93 



$828 68 



$108 10 
122 20 

57 84 
88 19 
18 68 
60 16 

58 58 
7 99 

181 18 
57 84 

164 50 

186 12 
11 75 

822 42 
70 08 

$1,449 48 



$474 70 
551 81 
219 49 
872 24 
166 98 
1,608 IT 
248 16 
166 85 
877 88 
226 18 



Total 



17 



Tabu No« l.-^Apportionment of School Fund /neome^-oontinned. 



GonndeB and Towufl. 

— - - ^^ — , — ^— - — . — — — - — .^ — ^ 

mCHLAND— 

Akan. » . 

Bloom ^ h , 

Baena Vista 

Dayton » 

Eagle 

Forest » » 

Henrietta 

Ithaca 

Marafaall » 

Orion • 

Richland .... ^ .... ^ 

Richwood 

Rockbridge 

SyWan » • ^ 

Westford , ..w » 

Willow 

Total w 

feOCK- 

Avon » . 

Beloit 

Beloi t, city. . . ^ 

Bradford 

Center » » 

Clinton ^ 

Fulton 

Harmony «...»..•.. 

JanesTllIe » 

Jan esTille) city ». 

Johnston » 

La Prairie 

Lima » 

Magnolia 

Mihon 

Kcwark 

Plymouth » 

Porter 

Rock 

Spring Valley : 

Turtle 

Union 

Total »»....* 

ST. CROIX— 

C^lon 

Eau Galle 

Emerald » 

fiun Prairie 

2 (App.) Sup. Txjb, Ijo. 



No. of 
Children 



248 

407 
876 
423 
422 
869 
884 
686 
888 
270 
617 
627 
885 
220 
246 
210 



6,022 



848 
289 

1,612 
858 
477 
694 
766 
865 
882 

8,194 
486 
291 
886 
610 
709 
450 
609 
488 
496 
426 
486 
786 



Apportion* 
ment. 



14,891 



IU4 21 
191 29 
176 25 
198 81 
198 84 
178 48 
156 98 
276 42 
182 86 
126 90 
289 99 
247 69 
180 95 
108 40 
115 62 
98 70 



$2,880 84 



1161 21 

185 88 
767 64 
168 26 
224 19 
S26 18 
854 85 
171 60 

179 64 
1,601 18 

204 92 

186 77 

180 95 
239 70 
888 28 
211 50 
289 28 
229 36 
288 12 
200 22 
204 92 
869 42 



$6,768 77 



ISO 


$61 10 


161 


70 97 


54 


25 88 


486 


204 92 



18 



Table No. I. — Apportionment of School fwnd /Acame-^HSontinned. 



Coanties and Towns. 



St. Croix— continued — 

Hammond 

Hudi>on 

Hudson, city 

Einnikinnic 

Pleasant Valley 

Richmond 

Rush River 

8t. Joseph 

Somerset 

Springfield 

Star Prairie 

Troy 

Warren 



Total 

SAUK— 

Baraboo 

Bear Greek. . . 

Dellona 

Excelsior 

Fairfield 

Franklin 

Freedom . . . . . 
Greenfield . . . . 
Honey Creek.. 

Ironton 

La Yalle 

Merrimack.... 
New Buffalo... 
Pairie du Sac. 
Beedsburg.... 
Spring Green 

Sumpter 

Troy 

Washington . . 

Westfield 

Winfield 

Woodland . . . . 

Total 

SHAWANO— 

Angelica 

Bell Plain . . . . 

Hartland 

Pella 

Richmond . . . . 

Shawano 

Waukechon... 

Total..... 



No. of 

Children 



Apportion' 
ment. 



$106 SS 

69 66 

301 74 

91 18 

105 76 

116 09 

84 60 
47 00 
62 98 
82 43 

109 04 

85 64 
58 28 

$1,632 78 



$492 09 
146 64 

21 62 
143 82 
154 16 
170 14 
168 86 
186 77 
210 09 
188 47 

72 85 
160 8t 
178 13 
838 87 
163 09 
220 48 
162 28 
134 42 
1'74 

142 41 
106 22 



8,808 88 




$18 88 
74 26 
12 
89 
75 
75 
40 



19 



TiBLi No. I-^Apportionnient of School Fund Income — oontintied. 



Counties and Towna 



SHEBOTGaN— 

Oreenbush 

Herman 

Holland 

Lima • 

Lyndon » 

Mitchell 

Moselle 

Plymouth 

Rhine 

Rassell 

Scott 

Sheboygan 

Sheboygan Falls 

Sheboygnn Falls, Tillage 

Sheboygan, city 

Sherman . . . : 

Wilson 



Total 

TREMPEALEAU— 

Arcadia 

Burnside 

Caledonia » . . . . 

. Ettrick 

Oale , 

Hale 

Lincoln 

Preston , 

Snmner 

Trempealeau.. . 

Total 

VERNON— 

Bergen 

Christiana 

Clinton 

Coon 

Forest 

Franklin 

Genoa 

Greenwood . . . 

Hamburg 

Harmony 

Hillsborough.., 

Jefferson 

Kickapoo 

Liberty 

Stark 

Sterling 

Union 



264 
488 
279 
241 
279 
886 
194 
276 
858 
246 
484 
426 
428 
168 
250 
84ft 
180 



Apportion* 
ment. 



|H60 96 
45] 20 
870 88 
268 20 
298 92 
229 86 

58 11 
487 67 
887 98 

60 16 
287 64 

79 90 
896 21 
228 42 
987 00 
806 91 
178 13 

$4,827 45. 



$171 oa 

64 05 
95 41 
45 12; 
230 77 
26 82 
78 82 
48 41 
95 41 



;;oi 09 



$1,148 1)8 



$124 08 
229 86 
181 18 
118 27 
181 18 
180 95 

91 18 
129 72 
165 91 
115 62 
208 98 
200 28 
198 81 

76 61 
117 50 
162 15 

84 60 



20 



Tabli No. I'^Appartionmeni of School Rmd Incomo-'^ontmvu^ 



Coanties and Towns. 



yxRNON — coutinaed — 

Viroqua 

Webster 

Wheatland 

Whitestown 



Total 



WALWORTH— 

Bloomfield 

Darien 

Delavan 

East Troy 

Elkhom 

Geneva 

La Fayette ... 
La Grange.... 

Linn 

Lyons 

Richmond . . . . 

Sbarun 

Spring Prairie 
Sugar Creek.. 

Troy 

Walworth 



Total 



WASHINGTON— 

Addibon.. ...• ... 

Barton 

Erin 

Farmington 

Germantown 

Hartford 

. Jackson 

Kewaskum 

Polk 

Richfield 

Trenton . . 

Wayne 

West Bend, town.. 
West Bend, Yillage 



'WAUKESHA— 
Brookfteld . 
Delafield . . 

Eagle 

Genesee.... 
Lisbon .... 



No. of Apportion- 
Children I ment. 




6,687 



$388 87 
182 54 

104 81 
86 95 



18,119 89 



Whitewater 1,566 



Total 10,664 



$207 n 
268 50 
485 85 
877 80 
196 9S 
880 23 

188 00 
192 2S 
142 88 
161 SI 

189 88 
820 54 
218 91 
174 84 
191 29 
210 09 
786 02 




!»•• 



$4,466 46 



$484 75 
257 09 
296 88 
868 Ol 
401 85 
522 17 
406 55 
254 74 
491 82 
848 67 
416 42 
877 41 
196 48 
198 81 



$4,965 08 



$897 16 
251 45 
205 89 
899 8tt 
241 11 



21 



TablbNo. I — Apportionment of Hehool Fund Jficom«— continued. 



Counties and Towns. 



Waukesha — continued. 

Menomonee 

Merton 

Mukwanago 

M uskego 

New Berlin. 

Oconomowoi) 

Ottawa 

Pewaukee 

Summit • • . . . 

Vernon 

Waukesha 



Total... 

WAUPACA— 
Bear Creek. . . 
Caledonia..... 

Dayton 

Dupont 

Farmington... 
Fremont . . . . . 

Helvetia 

lola 

Larrabee . . . . . 

Lebanon 

Lind 

Little Wolf. . . 

Matteson 

Mukwa 

Boyalton 

St. Lawrence, 
Scandinavia . , 

Union 

Waupaca 

We jauwega . . 

Total.... 

WAUSHARA— 

Aurora 

Bloomfield.... 
Coloma. ..... 

Dakota , 

Deerfteld .... 

Hancock 

Leon 

Marion 

Ht. Morris. . . . 

Oasis. 

Plainfield ... 



10,640 



Apportion- 
ment. 



Poysippi 
Eic 



rsippi 
k&rd. 



1460 26 
276 88 
282 18 
289 06 
884 64 
486 61 
190 82 
297 61 
178 60 
241 11 
684 68 

$4,966 16 



$49 86 
116 16 
176 26 

10 84 
140 06 
101 62 

21 16 
126 49 

40 89 

90 71 
198 17 

90 24 

86 66 
292 81 
188 48 
122 20 
148 86 

88 84 
286 29 
216 67 

$2,418 62 



$184 71 

197 40 

48 24 

60 68 
26 86 
71 91 

168 26 
108 87 
121 78 
112 80 
166 04 
108 40 

61 28 



22 



Tabli No. I — AjpporttonmaU of School Fwmd Jhcome — oontiniieii 



Coanties and Towdb. 



I Xo. of ApporiioB- 
•childreD. meat. 



WiusHASA ^eoDtiaaed. 

Bom 

SasTiUe 

Spring Water 

Warren 

Waatoma 

ToUl 

WIKKEBAGO- 

Algoma 

Black Wolf. 

Glajton 

If enasha 

Ke6Dah 

Nekimi 

Nepeuakaii 

Omro 

Oshkosh 

Oflbkosb, city 

PoyguD 

Rushford 

Utica. 

Vinland 

Winchester 

Winneconoe 

Wolf RiTer 

ToUl 

WOOD— 

Gentralia 

Grand Rapids 

Lincoln 

Radolph.... 

Saratoga 

Seneca 

Sigel 

Totol 



10« 
264 

m 

241 
212 



$49 82 
124 08 

88 19 
118 27 

99 64 



8,981 


$1,871 07. 


288 


$185 86 


381 


179 07 


638 


252 86 


1,184 


582 98 


1,257 


590 79 


511 


240 IT 


438 


208 51 


1,134 


582 9S 


203 


96 41 


4,178 


1,961 81 


• 84'7 


168 09 


881 


414 07 


440 


206 80 


413 


194 11 


660 


266 02 


611 


287 17 


188 


88 36 


13,498 


$6,844 06 


305 


$148 85 


523 


245 81 


32 


. 15 04 


143 


67 21 


110 


61 70 


44 


20 68 


50 


28 50 


1,207 


567 29* 



28 



Tablb No. I.— recapitulation BY COUNTIES. 



Countieii. 



Adama.. 

Bayfield 

Brown.. 



Buffalo . . 
Burnett. . 
Calumet . 
Chippewa 
Clark .... 



Columbia 
Crawford. 
Dane. ... 
Dodge . . . 
Door . . . . 



Douglas 

Dunni , 

£an Claire . . 
Fond da Lac 

Grant 

Green 



Green Lake. 

Iowa 

Jackson . . . 
Jefferson... 
Juneav . . . . 
Kenosha . . . 
Kewaunee. . 
La Crosse . . 
La Fayette . 
Manitowoc . 
Marathon . . 
Marquette. . 
Milwaukee . 
Monroe . . . . 
Oconto. . . . 
Outagamie 
Ozaukee ... 

Pepin 

Pierce . . . . . 

Polk 

Portage . . . 
Bacine.... 
Hichland. . , 

Rock 

St Croix . . 



No. of 


Apportion- 


Children. 


ment. 


2,456 


$1,164 82 


184 


62 98 


7,921 


8,718 64 


8,009 


1,414 28 


94 


44 18 


4,416 


2,075 52 


1,759 


826 78 


. 668 


811 61 


10,988 


5,184 36 


4,926 


2,815 22 


19,687 


9,252 89 


18,706 


8,791 85 


1,176 


652 72 


219 


102 98 


2,481 


1,142 57 


2,819 


1,089 98 


18,747 


8,811 09 


14,288 


d,7l8 01 


8,800 


4,136 00 


6,828 


2,504 16 


9,716 


4,566 06 


2,680 


1,259 60 


14,017 


6,587 99 


4,750 


2,282 50 


5,078 


2,884 81 


8,412 


1,608 64 


6,036 


2,886 46 


8,767 


4,120 49 


18,082 


6,125 04 


1,686 


767 96 


8,080 


1 ,447 60 


80,461 


14,816 67 


6,789 


2,697 88 


1,882 


884 64 


6,462 


2,567 14 


7,087 


8,807 89 


1,418 


664 11 


8,206 


1,506 86 


699 


828 58 


8,084 


1,449 48 


9,858 


4,895 91 


6,022 


2,880 84 


14,891 


6,768 77 


8,474 


1,682 78 



Tabli No. I.*— /fee jptftiZafton 6y Ootm t i ei ■ con^naed. 



Coanties. 

■■'■■■'■ ■ . ^ ■ . I 

Sauk 

Shawano • 

Sheboygan 

Trempealeau 

Yernon .J • •• 

Walworth .^ 

Waahineton .' 

Waukesha. . ..^....., 

Waupaca 

Waushara 

Winnebago 

Wood 

Total 



No. of 


Apportion- 


Children. 


ment. 


8,104 


$8,808 8a 


600 


282 00 


11,886 


6,827 4& 


2»434 


1,143 9a 


6,687 


8,119 89 


9,601 


4,466 47 


. 10,664 


4,965 08 


10,646 


4,966 16. 


6,146 


2,418 62 


8,981 


1 ,871 07 


18,498 


6,844 06 


1,207 


667 2» 


876,021 


$176,729 8t 



25 



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TABLE NO. Vni. 



1 



OERTIPIOATES. 





MALE TSACHEBS. ] 


PBMALR TEACHEBS. 




Oonntiea. 

• 
• 




o 




1Z 


3 


o 

00 


Total. 


Adams 






14 




- 


86 


100 
1 


Bayfield 










Brown 


1 

4 


22 
48 


8 




74 

88 

8 

68 

62 

217 

ini 

168 

118 

79 

170 

26 

4 

80 

102 

218 

216 

182 

70 

182 

62 

68 

141 

61 

87 

40 

100 

24 

86 

^88 

24 

141 

.26 

88 

80 

29 


101 


BuITaIo 


ss 


Burnett 








8 


Calnniet ..■■•• t 




2 


28 
12 
106 
48 
78 
70 
84 
68 
19 

8 
21 

9 
84 
88 
82 
24 
68 
22 
180 
16 
21 
22 
10 
26 
20 
26 
18 
17 
87 

2 
89 
87 

4 


ft • • • 

1 
2 

. . . • 
2 
2 


2 

2 

1 
2 


95 


GbiDDewa ..•........•••• 




Bfi 


Columbia .■•• ....•• 




6 

. 1 

2 

8 


886 


Crawford 


150 


Dane, let Diat 


241 


Bane, 2d Diet 


198 


Dodee. let Diet 


118 


Dodse. 2d Diet 




4 


1 


8 


247 


Door 


45 


DoQglae.**** 

Dnnn • 


• • • • 


...... 

12 
7 

1 




..... 


7 


• • • • 




104 


Eau Claire • 


115 


Fond da Lao 


1 
6 

6 
6 

. . • . 

.... 
4 
1 

• • • • 


16 
9 

4 

4 

4 

12 

18 


884 


Grant 


880 


Green 


174 


Green Lake ••• 


114 


Iowa. « 


200 


Jaclcaon ■•••■ 




78 


Jefiereon 




8 
8 

7 


268 


Juneaa 

Kenosha .• 


176 
96 


Kewaunee 


69 


La Crosse 




2 
1 

2 
1 


• • • . 
8 


2 
2 


64 


LaFajette 

Marathon 




188 
45 


M arquetvo •••• 


• • • • 


6 


119 






58 


Milwaukee. 2d Dist 








WW 

42 


Monroe.. •. 








178 


Oconto. 




7 
8 






80 








129 


Ozaaaee 






74 


Pepin 


• • • • 


• • • • 


1 


87 



176 



Tabi.1 Ko. YIII.— CS>r<t)Seate<— mntinned. 





MALE TBACHEBS. 


FEMALB TSA0HKR8 




Oonntiet. 


IS 


o 


«: 
S 




IS 





• 

s 


Total 


Pifirctt 




4 
% 

2 
8 

4 


84 

9 

19 

. 10 

71 


2 

• • • . 

... 

... 

1 


7 
1 
2 
8 
2 


66 
24 

79 

80 

118 


lOS 


Polk 




S6 


Porture •.... 




108 


Raoioo ...•• k.... 




96 


Richland 

Rock, l8t DivU— No report 
Rock. 2d Dist 


2 


198 




1 


84 

26 
86 


1 
8 

• • • a 


""z 

8 


118 

46 
286 

14 
219 

61 

84 
178 

94 
127 

96 
182 
108 

86 


149 


8t Croix 


2 
8 


80 


Sauk 


880 


Shawaiib ...t. ........... 


14 


Sheborsaa 


2 
1 
1 


8 

1 
8 
1 
8 
8 


61 
19 
21 
48 
71 
68 
22 
81 
84 
7 


1 

2 


2 

2 


288 


Trempealeaa .•• 


76 


V ernon • »».... 


106 


Walworth 


■ • • • 

» • a • 


7 


282 


WashiofftoQ ............. 


2 

9 
1 


168 


Waukesha 


8 

• • • 

2 


9 

1 
6 
8 


209 


Wauoaca 


121 


Waushara •. 


471 


Winnebaso 


7 

1 

90 


168 


Wood. • 


44 










Totals 


188 


2,009 


60 


144 


4,868 


7.289 







177 



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TABLE No. X. 



DICTIONARIES. 



Statbhbitt showing the eountie$ towns and districts which have 
been supplied with Dictionaries during the year ending Decern" 
&erlO, 1869. 



Counties. 



Adams. 
Brown. 
Buffalo 



Calumet 

Clark 

Columbia 

Dane 

Dodge 

Door 

Dunn 

Eau Claire 

Fond du Lac . . . . 



Towns. 



New Haven 

Lawrence 

Canton , 

Canton, MazTillo and Nelsom 

Glencoe 

Modena 

Nelson 

Waumandee 

Harrison 

Harrison and Wood yi lie 

Levis 

Lynn 

Fountain Prairie 

Hampden 

Leeds and Hampd*jn 

Rbndolnh 

Black Earth 

Blooming Grove and Dunn . . . 

Mazomanie 

Middleton 

Windsor 

Chester and Waupun 

Fox Lake 

Oak Grove 

Libert} Grove 

Lucas 

Sheridan 

Sherman 

Bridge Creek 

Alto 

Eldorado 

Waupun 



No. of 
Districts. 






5,P. Dep 
4,2 Deps 

a 

8 
6 
6 
6 
9 
1 

a 

8 
4 

1, 2d Dep 
8 
6 
12 

l^HDep 
9 

2,2 Deps 
7 
9 

1,2 Deps 

8,intdep 
9 
4 

1, 2, 8 
1 

1, 4,10 

8,2d dep. 
8 
6 

lj>r&int 



No. of 
Coptee. 



1 

2 

1 

1 

1 

1 

2 

2 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

2 

I 

1 

2 

1 

1 

1 

8 

1 

8 

1 

1 

1 

2 



181 



Dittribution of Dietionaries-^contviTied. 



Oounti'es. 



Grant 



Green Lake 
Iowa 



Jackson . 
Jeiferaon. 

Juneau . . 

Kewaunee 



La Orosse . 

La Fayette 
Manitowoc. 

Marathon . 

Marquette 
Milwaukee 

Monroe . • . 



Oconto ..• 
Outagamie^ 

Ozaukee . • 
Pepin .... 



Towns. 



Bloomington 

Fenuimoie 

Fennimore and Lancaster. 

Waterloo \ 

Woodman and Marion .... 

Brooklyn 

Mackford 

Manchester 

Arena 

Dodgeville 

Linden 

Mimiii (and Clifton, Grant) 

Ridgeway • 

Melrose 

Northfield 

Oakland 

Waterloo 

Watertown 

Fountain 

New Lisbon 

Seven Mile Creek 

Casco 

Franklin 

Montpelier 

Montpelier and Kewaunee 

Red Hirer 

Bangor 

North La Crocse 

Oualaska and Hamilton . . . 

Gratiot and Wiota 

Maple Grove 

Schleswig 

Mosinee . • 

Wauaau 

Wien 

Packwaukee 

Lake 

Milwaukee (town) 

Glendale 

Lincoln 

Portland and Leon 

Sparta 

Wellington 

Oconto 

Oconto city^ 

Peshtigo 

Appleton 

Black Creek 

Grand Chute 

Seymour. 

Fredonia and Saukville. . . 
WtterrlU^ 



No. of 
Districts. 



6 

8 
18 
8 
1 
2 
8 
8 
4 

l(grD)15 

1, H. Dep. 

1 

8 

4 

8,4,5 

10 

1, 8 Deps. 
7 
7 

1, 2 Deps. 
9 
4 
6 

1,2 
8 

4 

6 

1 Gr. Dep. 

8 

7 

4 

6 

6 

8 

2 

8 

1 

6, 10 

6 

1, 10 

1 

10, 11 
8 
1 

8 Deps. 
4 

8 Deps. 
8 
11 
2 
4 
8 



No. df 
Copies. 



182 
DistrihtUion of 2>tcH'oiiartM*HH>ntiniied. 



Counties. 



Pierce 



Polk . . . 
Portage 



Racine .. 
Richland, 
Rock .... 



St. Croix. 



Sauk 

Sheboygan 

Trempealeau .... 



Vernon 



Walworth 



Washington. 
Waukesha . . 



Waupaca. . 
Waushara. 



Winnebago 



Towns. 



El Paso 

Hartland 

Hartland and Salem 

Oak Grove 

Pleasant Valley • 

Rock Elm 

BlackBrook 

St Croix Falls 

Amherst 

Hull 

Stevens Point 

Mt. Pleasant 

Baena Vista 

Bradford and La Prairie 

Clinton, Turtle, etc 

Fulton 

Janesville 

La Prairie 

•Emerald 

Hammond 

Hammond and Rush River 

Springfield 

Warren 

Franklin 

Washington 

Holland 

Lyndon 

Arcadia 

Arcadia and Lincoln 

Arcadia and Trempealau 

Franklin 

Genoa 

Genoa and Wheatland 

Hamburg and Bergen 

Belavan 

Geneva 

Lagrange and Troy* 

Lyons 

Whitewater 

Trenton and Farmington 

Oconomowoc and Summit 

Waukesha village 

Mukwa 

Mukwa and Liberty 

St Lawrence and Scandinavia 

Marion (and Seneca, Green L^e,). . 

Rose 

Wautoma 

Henasha. 

Neenah 

Nepeuskun 



No. of [ No. of 
Districts. ! Gopi 



10, 
2, 



^, 



8, 



2 
5 
6 
8 
6 

11 
8 
8 
6 

8, 6 
1 Dept 

18 
8IntDep 

14 
1 
8, 2 Deps 
1 Dept 
6 
2 
8 
1 
2 
4 
6 
4 

14 

4 

8,4,5,6,7 

1 

I 

12 

5 

8 

8 

1 PrDep 

1 H. Dep 

5 

2 H. Dep 
1, 2 Deps 

6 
8 
1 Dept 
2 H.Dep 
8 
1 
2 
8 

«, T 
1, 8 Deps 
1, 6 Deps 

4 



10, 



a 
a 
1 



2 
S 

1 



* Joint with Palmyra and Sigle» Jeiforson county. 



183 



Dittrihulion of Dietionarxet — eoDtinned. 



OoQDtieB. 


Towns. 


No. of 
IHstriots. 


No. of 
Copies. 


Winnebago 


Oskkosh 


4 

2, H Dep. 

7 

10 

2 

2 

2. 8 




Rusbford. .• ••••••••••••••• 






Utica and Nekimi 






Vinland, Clayton and Winchester. . 
Winoeconne •>•• 




Wood •• 


Lincoln , 






Seneca •••••••••••••••••.•••••••. 


2 


« 




187 



STATEMENT showing tlie Diariett to which Dietioncmei have 
heefh sold during the year ending December 10, 1869. 




Adams. 
Pane .. 



Dodge 

Fond Du Lao. . . 

Grant 

Green Lake.... 

Jefferson 

La Crosse 

Racine 

Rock 

St. Croix 

Sheboygan 

Yernon 

Walworth. 

Waakesha 

Waupaca 



Winnebago. 



Monroe 

Fitchburg 

Middleton 

Calamus 

Ripon— city and town.,.. 

Smelser • 

Princeton 

Koshkonong 

North Lfb Crosse (Campbell) 

Racine city 

Magnolia and Center .•••• 

Troy and Kinnickin' olc 

Sheboygan Falls Tillage 

Franklin 

Sharon 

Ottawa 

Mukwa 

Mukwa (and Liberty, Outagamie Co.) 

Algoma 

Nepeuskun 

Rusbford 



No. of 


No. of 


Districts. 


Copies. 


2 




4 




8 




2 




2 




2 




2 




1 




1 Dep. . 




1 




6 




4 




1 Dep. 




6 




• 2 




1 




2 




8 




6 




8 




2 






21 



OFFICE LIBRARY FUND. 

Statbmint of rtctipt9 and dtshwriemenU of Office Library FStndp 
from January 6, 1868, to December 10, 1869, 

RECEIPTS. 

Receiyed from Hon. Jno. G. McMjDU $M 38 

Annual appropriation, 1867 60 00 

1868 50 00 

1869 50 <I0 

Total $214 38 

DISBURSEMENTS. 

Annals of Education— 9 volumea •••. 

Do Gerando on Educatiurk 

Lectures before American Institute of Instruction — i volumes. . . ■ Aia ivk 

Teachers' Manual f '^^ "" 

Hints on Popular Education | 

Locke and Milton on Education J 

American Educational Monthly, 2 vols 2 00 

Culture Demanded bj Modern Life 1 79 

Ures' Dictionary, S vols 13 60 

First Thousbts 67 

Meanin(( of Words 1 IS 

Tyndal on Sound 1 87 

Correlation and Conservation of Forces 1 87 

Study of Art J 1 38 

Spencer's Essays 1 87 

Spencer's Progress 1 87 

In the School Room 126 

Annual Cyclopedia, 1867 4 50 

American Educational Monthly 1 60 

Law of Love 1 76 

United States Debt 1 40 

Smith's Classical Dictionaries, 6 vols 60 00 

Annual Cyclopedia, 1868 4 60 

Haydn's Dictionary of Dates • 8 26 

Tuckerman's Book of the Artists • 6 60 

Sacred Art 75 

Chips from a German Workshop, ^ vols 8 76 

Halt Century with Juvenile Delinquents 2 25 

Wickersham's School Economy 1 12 

Wickersham's Methods of Instruction 1 31 

Sampson's Art Criticism 1 81 

Marcel on Language 94 

Philosophy of Teaching 75 

Seguinon Idiocy 4 50 

Physical Basis of Life SO 

Heat as a Mode of Motion 188 

Hogarth's Works 23 00 

Dean's History of Civilization, 7 vols 22 20 

Freight and expreisage on books 13 24 

Total $206 84 

Balance on hand December 10, 1869 8 54 

$214 38 



INDEX. 

Pa^e Rep. Page App. 
Academies 24, 287 

Agricultural Oollege Fund 16 

income of 16 

Farm, report of 212 

Appleton city, report of Boperintendent of 101 

Apportionment of school moneys 18 8, 23 

Beloit city, report of superintendent of 102 

Changing teachers, evils of 68, 81 

Children, number over four and under twenty years of age ..4, 5 26, 67 

number attending public schools 4, 6 , 6 ^6, 67 

number attending schools of all kinds 6 , 6 

number not attending any school ...• 6 

number the school houses will accommodate 116, ISO 

City superintendents, reports of . . * • • 101 

Colleges and UniTersities 24, 25, 225 

Compulsory school attendance 6, 60, 108 

County superintendency 89 

County superintendents, list of 99 

reports of 45 

^Courses of study in graded schools 104, 109, 118 

normal schools • 141, 160, 178 

Dictionaries, Webster's, distribution of. 22 180 

District and town reports, inaccuracy of 62, 68, 79 

Expenditures for school purposes 10, 11 166 

of board of regents of normal schools . . • .145, 166 
Experimental farm fund of State UniTersity 16 

Feeble minded children, edncation of 129 

Fond du Lac city, report of superintendent of 104 

Graded schools 8 70, 112 



186 

Page Bep. 09g9 App. 

Income of school fund is 

univenityfund 14 

agricuUural college fond 16 

normal school fund 17 

Instittttes ....88» 58, 60, 72, 134 177 

Kenosha city, report of soperintendent of 105 

La Orosse citj, report of superintendent of. 106 

Legislation proposed ... • 89, 60, 68, 68 

Library fund, office 22 184 

Libraries, school district 70, 112 

Milwaukee city, report of superintendent of 107 

Needed legislation ; 89 

Normal school fund, how produced 16 

traniActions in 17 

income of 1? 

Normal schools of the state * 28, 60 

calendar of 165, 177 

regulations for admission to • . . . 187 

Office library fund, purchases with 184 

Office work, travel, etc., of State Soperinlendent 88 

Oshkosh normal school building fund 18 , 185 

Out-houses 65 115, 160 

Platteyille normal school 84, 60, 188 

report of president of 159 

report of examining committee of . . 165 

Private schools 5, 112 116, 100 

Qualifications of teachers 181 

Baoine city, report of soperintendent of Ill 

Receipts of money for school purposes 10 168 

Religion in the school room 56 

Report of board of regents of State University 181 

examining committee of Platteville normal school- 165 
examining committee of W'hite water normal school 177 

president of board of regents of normal schools.. 184 

Platteville norm^ school 169 

State University 225 

White water normal school 1 70 

professor of agriouUure.of State Univeruty 212 



187 

-, FageBep. PageApp* 

Reports ^f city snperintendeDts: 

Appleton 101 

Beloit * " * 102 

FoDd dc Lac 104 

Kenosha 105 

La Crosse 106 

Milwaukee 107 

Racine Ill 

Watertown 112 

Reports of county superintendents : 

Columbia 45 

Dane— 2d district 47 

Dodge^west district 48 

Door 50 

Dunn 61 

Ean Claire 52 

Fond du Lac 58 

Green « 58 

Iowa 69 

La Crosse 68 

Marathon 66 

Marquette 67 

Outagamie 70 

Ozaukee ; 72 

Pepin 78 

Polk 75 

Portage 76 

Richland 78 

Rook, let district , 79 

Rock, 2d district 80 

Sheboygan 88 

Trempealeau 86 

Washington 88 

Waushara 89 

« Winnebago 90 

Wood 97 

Reports of district and town clerks, inaccurate .... 52, 58, 79 

Salaries of teachers 6, 105 70, 112 

School attendance 5, 50, 108 25, 67 

School districts, number of 8 25, 67 

School fund, how produced 12 

receipts and disbursements of « < . . 18 

amount of o..» • <<•• 18 



188 

Page Bep. Page App* 

School fund, increase of 1^ 

School gOTernment. ......' 55 

School-house architectare 9, 47, 126, 127 

Bites/................. 12 115, 160 

School-houses, whole number, kinds, value, etc .^ 8 115, 160 

valued at $5^,000 and -upwards 9 115, 160 

School month ' 40 

School terms 93 

Scho.ls, average number of days maintained 5 

graded, number of 8 70, llo 

State teachers* association, annual session of 28, 125 

State University 24, 180, 181 

Statistics, summary of. 11 

Supervision of schools 8(>, 90 

Taxation for educational purp9se8 54 

Taxes, school, amount levied . . . . » «... 168 

Teachers, number required 6 70, 112 

number emploved 6 70, 112 

qualifications of 181 

wages of 6 70, 112 

Teachers' certificates 8 175 

Teachers* institutes 22, 58, 185 177 

Teachers* reports 61 

Teachers* salaries 6, 106 70, 112 

Terms of school , . . . , 98 

Textbooks 19 169 

Township system of school government 25, 89, 62, 88, 90 

Visiting schools.' 56, 64, 72, 74, 82 

Webster's dictionary, distribution of 22 180 

Whitewater normal school, report of president of 170 

report of examining committee of 177 

Wisconsin, teachers* association, aanual session of 28, 125 









:t 



