SCIUUUS. 


91 


NOTE XIIL 

LIST OF THE SPECIMENS OF SQUIRRELS 
IN THE LEYDEN MUSEUM. 

BY 


Dr. P. A. JENTINK. 


I'Vbruary 1883, 


AMERICAN SQUIRRELS. 

The profound and extensive studies upon the American 
Squirrels by Allen and Alston”), have made this group, 
we must confess it, one of the best known among the 
Mammals. At the same time however the named authors 
have shown that it is almost an impossibility to give a good 
and exact diagnosis of an American Squirrel, because the 
specimens of a given species differ, so to say, infinitely 
in the hairiness of the ears, which are tufted or not tufted, 
in the length and strength of the body, a. s. o. The 
difficulty increases as these variations are to be found not 
constantly in individuals from different localities, but as 
they often are present in individuals from the same loca¬ 
lity and gathered on the same day or in the same season. 


1) Monographs of North American Kodentia. N°, XI. Sciuridae. 1877. p. 
p. 631—779. 

2) On the Squirrels of the Neotropical Region. P. Z. S. L. 1878. p. p. 650 — 
670. Plate XLI. 

iVotes from tlie Leyden IMusenm, "V, 




92 


SCIURUS IIUDSONIUis. 


Anti [this is a rule with only a few exceptions. Here more 
than ever the accurate knowledge of the specimens is the 
knowledge of the species. Therefore I abstain from diag¬ 
noses of the several si)ccies, ^shich moreover sufficiently 
have been given by Allen and Alston, but on the other 
hand I will endeavor to describe in terms as short as pos¬ 
sible every specimen , which shows an aberrant or remar¬ 
kable variation in its mode ol coloration or otherwise. 

Grooved incisors, so characteristic in some African and 
Indian Scphrrels, arc not noticed in American species of 
this group. In two of our {specimens of Sciurus c/iv/jsnros 
Pucheran, however the upper incisors show a grooving: 
as they are from Medellin and agree in all other respects 
entirely with the description of the type-specimen of Gray’s 
meclellinensis ^ I thought that this author had overlooked 
it, and wrote to Mr. Oldfield Thomas of the British Mu¬ 
seum in order to examine the type: he kindly informed 
me however that the specimens of medellinensis Gray in that 
collection shoAV no trace of a grooving. I thus incline to 
believe that in this case we must look upon it as an in¬ 
dividual particularity. 

Skeletons of American Squirrels seem to be very rare in 
Musea: we only possess a single of Sciurus aestuans: it presents 
12 costales, 8 luiubares, 3 sacrales and about 27 caudales. 

My warmest thanks to Prof. v. Siebold of the Munich 
Museum, who was kind enough to send over for my in¬ 
spection the beautiful stuffed type-specimens of Wagner’s 
Sciurus alhipes (vcirius) and socialis. The nearer examina¬ 
tion of these species beared for me a peculiar interest, 
as neither Allen nor Alstou were in the opportunity of 
seeing them and therefore could not made out with accu- 
racity to what species they belong or even if perhaps they 
might stand as true species. 

Sciurus huds07iius. 

1778. Sciurus hudsoiiius Pallas. Nov. spec. Glirium. p. 376. 
1877. Sciu 7 ms hudsouius Allen. Mon. N. Am. Rodeutia. p. 672. 

J^otes from the I-ieycleii Museum, Vol. 'V'- 


SCIURUS FOSSOR. 


93 


The number of upper premolars seems to be very in¬ 
constant in this species, as I find some specimens with 
two and others with one: perhaps the first small one is 
often deciduous as Allen believes. 

Hab. The greater part of the North-American continent, 
extending northward to the limit of forest vegetation and 
southward over the northern-two-thirds of the United 
States (Allen 1. c. p. 684), perhaps to Honduras (see 
infra). 

Mounted specimens in the Leyden Museum; 

1. Adult male, Vancouver-Island, Forrer. — 2. Half 
grown individual, Labrador, Moschler, 1863. — 3. Female, 
North-America, Beske, 1824. — 4 and 5. Halfgrown spe¬ 
cimens, North-America. — 6 and 7. Adult specimens, Ca¬ 
lifornia, Dodds Valley, Gruber, 1866. — 8. Halfgrown, 
Mexico. — 9 and 10. Males, Honduras, Frank, 1873. — 11 
and 12. Young specimens, locality unknown. 

13. Skull of N^. 1. — 14. Skull of N^ 4. — 15. Skull 
of N^. 6. — 16. Skull of N^. 9, lower jaws wanting. — 
17. Skull of 10. 

Nos. 2, 3, 4, 5, 8 and 9 agree in color with typical 
/a^JsomMs-specimens; 6 and 7 with douglassi-VBX.] 10, 11 
and 12 with richardso7ii-YaY, 

Sciu7^us f os SOT, 

1848. SciuTus fossor Peale. Mammals and Birds. U. S. Ex. 
Exp, p. .55. 

1877. Sciurus fossor Allen. Mon. N.-Amer. Rodentia. 
p. 731. 

This very easily recognizable species constantly shows 
two upper premolars, the first one being well-developed. 

Hab. Oregon and California. 

rVotes from the Leyden IMnseum, Vol. V. 


SC1UHU5> NlGIiK. 


O'l 


Mounted specimens in the Leyden Museum: 

1 and 2. Adult males, California, Boucard , 1880. — 3. 
Adult, California, Dodds Valley, collected by Schulte, Frank, 
1SG6. — 4. Male, California, Eldorado-county, Schliiter, 
1878. Iris brown. — 5. Female, Eldorado-county, 13 Ja¬ 
nuary 1877. — 6. Adult specimen, California, Boucard, 
1880. Lowerparts ])rownish-black, for the rest deep black 
throughout. — 7. Halfgrown, California, Boucard, 1880. 
Tail black with a brown shade, the rest deep black. 

8. Skull of 1. — 9. Skull of N^. 6. — 10. Skull 
of NO. 7. 


Set u r us nig e r, 

1743. Sciurus nigev Catesby. Carolina, II. p. 73. pi. LXXIII 
(Ex Allen’s Mon. N.-Amer. Rodentia). 

1877. Sciiirus nigev Allen. Mon. N.-Am. Rodentia. p. 717. 

I have seen only the second edition of Catesby’s splen¬ 
did book. This edition bears 1754 as year and has been 
revised by Edwards. Plate 73 represents a specimen with 
a white band round the neck and plate 74 shows, under 
the name Sciiirus virginianus cinereus major , a gray variety 
from Virginia and Carolina, where, says Catesby, they 
are injurious to the planters, by destroying their corn and 
pulse. One upper premolar. 

Hab. From the Atlantic Coast Westward into Indiana 
and Southward into Texas, Mexico and perhaps as far 
south as Guatemala (Allen. 1. c. p. 725). 

Mounted specimens in the Leyden Museum: 

1. Adult , Wisconsin , T. Kumlien , 30 March 1865. Colored 
like the typical Sciurus ludovlcianus. — 2. Adult female, 
Wisconsin, Kumlieu , 17 June 1865. — 3. Adult male, 
Wisconsin, Kumlien, 26 December 1865. — 4. Adult male, 
Missouri, Brandt, Hamburg, 1863. Received s. n. Sciurus 
rujlvcnter. — 5. Adult female, Tennessee, Nashville, Troost, 
1830. — 6. Adult specimen, Louisiana, Seliaufuss , 1868. 


Notes from tlio X-ieyden JMusoum, Vol. 'V', 


SCIURUS ABERTl. 


D5 


Nos. 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 are colored like N^. 1. — 7. Adult, 
North-America. Entirely black colored , nose and ears white. 
Catesby’s niger without wliite collar. — 8. Adult female , 
North-America, 1821. Represents the grey variation , called 
virginianus by Catesby. — 9. Adult male, North-America. 
Colored like the typical cinereus L. — 10. Adult specimen, 
North-America, Frank, 1880. Back and tail, sides of legs 
and feet blackish grey, lowerparts yellowish white, head and 
neck black, nose and ears white. — 11. Nearly fullgrown 
female, North-America, colored like the former, but less 
dark, feet white. — 12. Adult male, North-America, died 
in the Rotterdam Zoological garden, April 1867, The tips 
of all the hairs are pure white, giving thus the animal a 
beautiful white color. 

13. Skull of m 1. — 14. Skull of N^. 7. 

15. Adult specimen, Georgia, Colored like N°. 1. This in¬ 
dividual has been described by Kuhl under the name Sciu- 
rus anomaliis (vide infra p. 117J. 


SciiiTiLS abertL 

1852. Sciurus aherti Woodhouse. Pr. Ac. Nat, Sc. Phil. 
VI. p. 220. 

1877. Sciurus aberti Allen. Mon. N.-Am. Rodentia. p. 735. 

The short black side-stripe seems to be constant in this 
species. As to the ear-tufts I call attention of naturalists; 
Allen remarks: »Of specimens obtained the same day at the 
»same locality, some have well-developed ear-tufts, while 
»others are wholly without them. The majority of the spe- 
»cimens taken in summer show no trace of ear-tufts.” 

The first upper premolar seems to be relatively larger 
in this species than in either Sciurus fossor or Sciurus ca- 
rolinensis (Allen. 1. c. p. 736). 

Hab. From the Mountains of Central Colorado southward 
to the Apache Mountains of Arizona (Allen. 1. c. p. 736). 


iN’otes rrom tlie Leycleti 3Mtiseiim. Vol. V, 


.sriuaus CAROLINENSIS. 


i)6 


lu the Sierra madre this species is the only represen- 
tant of the Genus (Al])li. Forrer in litt.). 

Mounted specimens in the Leyden Museum: 

1 and 2. Adult males, Ciudad Durango, Mexico, For¬ 
rer, 1883. No ear-tufts. 

3 and 4. Skulls of 1 and 2. 

Sciurus caroli7ie?isis, 

1788. Sciu7nis carolinensis Gmelin. Systema naturae, p. 148. 

1877. Sciurus ccu^olinensis Allen. Mon. N.-Am. Rodentia. 
p. 700 (partim). 

1878. Sciurus carolmensis Alston. P. Z. S. L. p. 658. 

Our large sex'ies demonstrates that there is no I'eason to 
regard Allen’s variety yucatanensis as a distinct and smaller 
species. Indeed we have specimens from Guatemala and 
Honduras which are as large as those from Tennessee and 
other Northern localities. So this species does not show 
a decrease in size southward. For the rest I only have 
to add to Allen’s extensive description and Alston’s ob¬ 
servations that there are two upper premolars. 

Hab. Southern Canada; East United States; Mexico; 
Yucatan; Guatemala; Honduras. 

Mounted specimens in the Leyden Museum: 

1. Adult female, Tennessee, Troost, 1830. Colored like the 
typical raro/w^nm-speeimens. — 2. Young individual, Ten¬ 
nessee, Troost, 1830. — 3. Adult female, North-America, 
Becker, Hamburg. — 4 and 5. Adult and young, North-Ame- 
riea. — G. Adult male, North-America, Amsterdam-Zoological 
Garden , 5 December 1874 — 7. Adult, North-America, 
Beske, St. Petersburgh. Varietas alba. — 8 and 9. Y^oung 
specimens, Yucatan, Boucard, 1880. N®^ 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 
8 and 9 colored like N^. 1. — 10, 11 and 12. Adult males, 
Yucatan, Boucard, 1880. — 13 and 14. Adult females, 
Yucatan, Boucard, 1880. — 15. Adult female, St. Thomas 
(perhaps introduced.) — 16. Adult male, Guatemala, Es- 
cinnti, Boucard, 1880. — 17 and 18. Adult male and 


r^otes from the Leyden IMnscnm, Vol. V. 


SCIURUS VARIEGATUS. 


97 


female, Guatemala. — 19. Adult male, Honduras, 10 
till 19 are darker colored, the brownish-yellow lateral line 
is not developed and the fulvous suffusion beneath the sur¬ 
face of the pelage is more confused. No. 19 represents the 
darkest phase. 

20, Skull of m 2. -- 21. Skull of 8, — 22. Skull 
of NO. 9, 23. Skull of N^. 10. — 24. Skull of N^. 11. — 

25. Skull of NO. 12, — 26. Skull of No, 13. — 27. Skull 
of NO. 14. ~ 28. Skull of NO. 16. — 29. Skull of No. 17, 

30 and 31. Adult male and female, Mexico, Presidio, 
Forrer, 1883. 


Sc ill r Its V arie g atus. 

1777. Sciurus variegatus Erxleben, Systema regni auimalis. 
p. 421. 

1837. Sciurus socialis Wagner. Abh. d. Math. phys. Klasse 
d. K. Bayer. Akad. d. Wissensch. II. p. 504. T. 5; 
Sciurus alhipes Wagner. 1. c. p. 501. 

1843. Sciurus varius Wagner. Schreber’s Saugethiere, Suppl. 

Bd. III. p. 168. T. CCXIII, D. 

1867. Sciurus arizonensis Cones. Am. Nat. I. p. 357; Sciu¬ 
rus griseojiavus Gray. Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist, 
p, 427. 

1878. Sciurus arizonensis Alston. P. Z. S. L. p. 659; Sciu¬ 
rus griseojiavus Alston. 1. c. p. 660; Sciurus varie- 
qatus Alston, 1. c. p. 660: Sciurus hypopyrrhus 
Alston. 1. c. p. 662. 

A careful examination of our large series obliges me to 
bring together the two species distinguished by Alston, 
s. n. Sciurus variegatus and hypopyrrhus. I cannot find 
a single distinctif character. The type-specimens of Wag¬ 
ner’s Sciurus socialis and varius of the Munich-Museum 
belong likewise to variegatus; Sciurus varius Wagner is an 
adult specimen of the aureogaster-\nx\Qij \ the sides of the 
red belly are whitish, the feet white, neck and base of tail 
as in aureogaster. Sciurus socialis Wagner, is a young 

Notes IroiTi the Leyden Museum, V. 

7 


08 


SCIURUtS VARIEGATUS. 


specimen of the same variety; lowerparts light reddish 
white, feet white, nock and base of tail as in aureogaster. 
Both they are from Mexico, the locality where the aureo- 
gaster-YQXiQiy seems to predominate. 

It seems that the first upper premolar sometimes is de¬ 
ciduous, as I find in six skulls two premolars, and in two 
others a single one. 

Hab. Arizona; California; Mexico; Guatemala; Hondu¬ 
ras; Nicaragua; Costa-Rica; Panama; Ecuador (if the lo¬ 
cality of our N^. 36 is correct). 

Mounted specimens in the Leyden Museum: 

1 and 2. Adult male and female, Mexico, Papantha, Deppe, 
December 1828. Colored like the variety, but neck 

and base of tail not rufous, fore legs red like lowerparts, 
hind legs colored like upperparts; feet of N^. 1 black, of 
N’’. 2 gi’izzled. — 3. Adult, Mexico; colored like N'\ 2.— 
4, Adult male. Head above between the ears and base of 
tail rufous, lowerparts red, legs like back but with a i*ed- 
dish tinge. — 5. Adult male, Mexico, presented by the Paris 
Museum; colored like K®. 4. — 6. Adult, Mexico, Frank , 
1880. A link between the aureogaster- and the black-va¬ 
riety ; head, fore legs and feet are black, upperparts dark 
grey, lowerparts with a rufous shade, tail like back. — 7 and 
8. Adult specimens , Mexico , Salle, 1860. Entirely black co¬ 
lored. — 9. Adult, Yucatan , Boucard, 1880. Glistening black 
colored. — 10. Male, Guatemala, Verreaux, 1865. Labeled 
Sduriis douglasii Bachm. Upperparts like N^. 1, head less 
dark, sides of the body, legs and feet red, lowerparts pure 
white, here and there with red patches. — 11. Adult, Hon¬ 
duras, Frank, 1873. Black with a slight fulvous tinge of 
the lowerparts. — 12. Adult female, Nicaragua, Verreaux, 
1865. Received s. n. Sdurus dorsalis Gray. A broad dark band 
of a mahogany-color covers the back from about the mid¬ 
dle of the ears. Head whitish. Sides, lowerparts, legs 
and feet white, all the hairs tow\ards the base are colored 
like the back. — 13. Adult male , Nicaragua, Frank , 1880. 

Notes from the Leyden Museum, Vol. V. 


SCIURUS VARIEGATUS. 


09 


A broad black band covers the back. Head, sides of body, 
legs and feet reddish with small white spots. — 14 and 15, 
Adult specimens, Costa-Rica, Frank, 1880. Like 1. 
but inside of fore legs pure white and rather large pure 
white spots to the belly and breast. Received s. n. Ma- 
croxiis nicoyana Gray. — 16 and 17. Adult male and female, 
Panama, Boucard, 1880. Colored like 14 and 15, 
but the white spots are larger and the sides of the body 
show pure white tips of the hairs, — 18. Adult, Panama, 
Boucard, 1880. Like ameogaster. The neck and base of 
tail are of a fine mahogany-color, hairs of back with ra¬ 
ther large white tips. Hind legs and feet colored like fore 
legs, whitish. Tail incomplete. — 19. Adult male, Panama, 
Boucard, 1880. Back deep black, head, sides of body, 
legs and feet pale yellomsh brown. — 20,21 and 22, Adult 
females, Panama, Boucard, 1880. Like N^. 19, but the 
back brownish black , for the rest more whitish. — 23, Young 
female, Panama, Boucard, 1880. Like 19, but lower- 
parts redder. — 24. Adult male, Panama, Boucard, 1880. 
Colored like N^. 23. — 25, 26 and 27, Adult females and 
male, Panama, Boucard, 1880. Back like 20, 21 and 22, 
for the rest like N^. 19. — 28. Adult female, Panama, Bou¬ 
card, 1880. Fore part of back black, hind part dark ma¬ 
hogany-color , like base of tail. Sides of body, lowerparts, 
legs and feet orange-colored. — 29 and 30. Adult females, 
Panama, Boucard, 1880. Back of a beautiful light brown 
color, other parts white with a slight reddish tinge. — 31 
and 32. Adult females, Panama, Boucard, 1880. Like 
29 and 30, but back with black patches. Hairs of tail 
annulated with reddisli brown instead of black, as is the 
case in all the foregoing specimens, — 33 and 34. Adult 
females, Panama, Boncard, 1880. Back pale yellowish 
brown, with irregular brownish black spots. Tail like 
Nos. 31 and 32. — 35. Adult male, Panama, Boucard, 
1880. Back with a feeble brownish shade. Hairs of tail 
broadly annulated with pale reddish brown. For the rest 
white with a slight reddish shade. — 36. Adult male, Ecua- 

N'otes from thie Leyden Museum, Vol. V. 


100 


SCIURUS STRAMINEUS. 


dor, Quito, Frank, 18G3. Exactly colored like N^. 4. — 
37. Female, America, Frank, 1876. Agrees in coloration 
with N®. 16, but belly without white spots. 

38. Skull of NO. 1. ^ 39. Skull of No. 6. — 40. Skull of No. 
9. — 41. Skull of NO. 11. — 42. Skull of No. 15. — 43. Skull 
of NO. 18. — 44. Skull of No. 22. ^ 45. Skull of No. 26. — 
46. Adult specimen, Maranon, Rio Yavari, All the hairs 
are glossy black with a dark brownish shade: the hind¬ 
most part of the back is of a deep brown color. If the 
given locality is correct, this specimen should be the most 
southern representant of the species. — 47. Adult, Brazil, 
Hamburgh Museum. Upperparts grizzled, brownish black, 
hairs of tail black with light brown tips, lowerparts red¬ 
dish brown ; head, sides of body, legs and feet colored like 
back; a light brown spot behind the ears. It is not with¬ 
out hesitation that I bring this specimen under the head 
variegatus ; but I do so because it is the only form known 
to me with which it agrees in some degree. 

48. Skull of N”. 46. Two upper premolars. — 49. Skull 
of N®. 47. Two upper premolars. 

SciuTus siramineus. 

1841. Schirus stramineus Eydoux et Souleyet. Voyage de 
la Bonite. Zool. I. jd. 37. Atlas, pi. IX. 

1877. Sciimis teplirogaster Allen. Mon. N.-Am. Rodentia. 
p. 763 (partim); Sciurus variahilis Allen. 1. c. p. 768 
(partim). 

1878. Sciurus stramineus Alston. P. Z. S. L. p.p. 441 
and 664. 

I add to Alston’s description that this Squirrel presents 
one upper premolar. 

Hab. Ecuador; Peru. 

Mounted specimens in the Leyden Museum: 

1. Adult female, Ecuador, Quito, Frank, 1860. — 


Notes from the Leyden Museum, Vol. V. 


SCIURUS VAJIIABILIS. 


101 


2. Adult specimen, habitat unknown, presented by the Paris 
Museum, 1843. Exp&lition de la Danaide. 

3. Skull of m 1. — 4. Skull of N^. 2. 


Sciiirus variabilis. 

1832. Sdurus variabilis Is. Geoffroy. Etudes Zoologiques. 

Ease. I. pi. IV; Mag. de Zool. pi. IV. 

1878. Sdurus variabilis Alston. P. Z. S. L. p. 665. 

I confirm Alston’s statement (1, c. p. 668) that this 
species has only one upper premolar. Allen (Monogr. of 
N. A. Rodentia. 1877. p. 672) states in his synopsis that 
the species in question has tioo upper premolars. The latter 
author, 1. c. p.p. 771 and 772, however had a single spe¬ 
cimen at his disposition, agreeing in coloration with Wag¬ 
ner’s Sc. pyrrJionotus ^ but it being a mounted example, 
perhaps its skull had been lost, and was a false one, or 
Allen has been mislead by an incorrect citation. Our se¬ 
ven skulls present one upper premolar. 

Habitat. Costa-Rica; Panama; New-Granada; Ecuador; 
Peru; Chili; Bolivia; W. Brazil; Venezuela. 

Mounted specimens in the Leyden Museum: 

L Young male, Costa-Rica, Prank, 1880. Upperparts olive, 
lowerparts pale red , hairs of tail tipped with red. — 2. Young 
female. Central America, Mad. Verdey, 1873. Colored like 
N®. 1. — 3. Female, Panama, Boncard, 1880. Upperparts 
dark olive, lowerparts red, hairs of tail with rather long 
red tips, end of tail black. — 4 and 5. Panama , Boucard, 
1880. Colored like N^. 3, tails in a bad state. — 6. Young 
individual, Venezuela, Caracas, v. Lansberge. Colored like 
1 and 2. — 7. Young male, Venezuela, Schaufuss, 1868. 
Colored like N®. 3, received s. n. Sc. gildcularis Wgl. — 
8. Half grown, Sti. Fe de Bogota, New Granada, Ziffier. 
Colored like N^. 3. — 9. Female, New Granada. Upperparts 

JS'otes from the Leyden Museum, Vol. "V. 


102 


SCIURUS CHRYSUROS. 


reddish black , sides bright red , lowerparts pure white , 
hairs of tail broadly tipped with bright red, tip of tail 
black. — 10. Rather young individual, St^. Fe de Bogota, 
Y. Lansberge. Colored like 9. — 11. Adult male, Ecua¬ 
dor, Frank, 1879. Upper- and lowerparts colored like N®. 3, 
tail very bushy, hairs with long red tips. — 12. Adult female, 
Ecuador, Frank, 1879. Colored like N^. 11. — 13. Young 
male, Ecuador, Quito, Frank, 1863. Colored like N^. 1. — 
14. Halfgrown individual, Brazil, Verreaux, 1862. Colored 
like N®. 9. — 15. Adult male, Peruvian Amazons , Hualaga, 
Chamicuros, E. Bartlett, 27 May 1865. Colored like N®. 
11, but lowerparts tawny. Received s n. &. tricolor, — 
16 and 17. Adult females, Peruvian Amazons , Chamicuros 
and Hualaga (Sauta-Cruz), E. Bartlett. Received s. n. Sc. 
tmcolor"^ Upperparts bright black, lowerparts strawcolor, 
tails bushy, hairs of tail broadly red tipped. — 18. Adult 
male, Peruvian Amazons. Upperparts red, lowerparts pure 
white, tail very bushy, hairs with long red tips. — 19. Young, 
Peruvian Amazons. Upperparts and tail bright red , lower¬ 
parts pure white. — 20. Adult female, Peru, Frank, 1879. 
Colored like N^s. 16 and 17, lowerparts red. — 21. 
Halfgrown female. Chili, d’Orbigiiy. Upperparts brown¬ 
ish red grizzled, hind legs red, lowerparts dirty white, 
tail bushy with brownish red hairs. 

22. Skull of NO. 2. — 23. Skull of 3. — 24. Skull of 
NO. 6. — 25. Skull of 11. — 26. Skull of N^. 13, *- 
27. Skull of NO. 18. - 28. Skull of N^. 20. 

Sciurus chrijsiiros. 

1845. Sciurus rufoniger Pucheran. Revue Zoologique. p. 336; 
Sciurus chrysuros Pucheran. 1. c. p. 337. 

1877. Sciurus tephrogaster Allen. Mon. N.-Am. Rodentia. 
p. 763 (partim) ; Sciimis aestuans , var. rufoniger Allen. 
1. c. p. 757 (partim). 

1878. Sciurus deppei Alston. P. Z. S. L. p. 668; Sciurus 
rufo-niger Alston. 1. c. p. 669. 

JVoteti froin the Leyden INIuseuni , Vol. V, 


SCIURUS AESTUANS. 


103 


lu our specimens the upper incisors are slightly grooved 
and there are not two but a single upper premolar. Allen 
states that it has two upper premolars, the first quite 
large for a Schmis and Alston ascribes to Sciurus rujo- 
niger also two upper premolars. As I have personally 
extracted the skulls out of the skins there can be no error 
whatever in the above given results of my examination of 
the skulls. In my opinion the differences between Sciurus 
rufoniger Pucheran , Sciurus chrysuros Pucheran {chrijsosurus 
Alston) and Sciurus cleppei Peters, are not important enough 
to justify Alston’s division into two species; I feel sure 
that larger series will confirm that they belong to the same 
species. 

The specific title rufoniger has been applied by Gray in 
1843 to an Indian Squirrel (List of the specimens of Mam¬ 
malia, etc,, p. 142). 

Hab. Mexico; Guatemala; Honduras; Panama; New 
Granada and Columbia. 

Mounted specimens in the Leyden Museum: 

1. Adult male, Mexico, Vera-Cruz. — 2. Young speci¬ 
men , Mexico, from the Paris Museum, — 3. Young speci¬ 
men, New Granada, Medellin, Frank, 1872. — 4. Very 
young individual, Medellin, 1872. In N^s. 3 and 4 the 
black dorsal band is very good developed. 

5. Skull of W. 1. -- 6. Skull of m 3. — 7. Skull of 
W. 4. 


Sciurus aestuans, 

1766. Sciurus aestuans Linnaeus. Systema naturae. T. 1. 
p. 88. N^ 9. 

1877. Sciurus aestuans, var. aestuans Allen, Mon. N.-Am. 
Rodeutia. p. 756; Sciurus aestuans var. rufoniger 
Allen. 1. c. p. 757 (partim). 

1878. Sciurus griseogenys Alston. P. Z. S. L. p. 667; 

Notes from the Leyden IMuseiira, Vol. V. 


104 


SCIURUS AESTUANS. 


Sciuriis acstuans Alston. 1. c. p. 668 ; Sciuncs 
bis Alston. 1. c. p. 670. Plate XLI. 

1880. Sciiunis aestuans Thomas. P. Z. S. L. p. 400. 

According to Oldfield Thomas there are now in the British 
Museum , specimens brought from Ecuador by Buckley, 
which form links between Sciurus aestuans L. and Sciurus 
griseogena Gray. . So I do not hesitate to bring them 
under a single head. 

Alston believes Sciurus aestuans and Sciurus pusillus io 
quite distinct species, meanwhile Allen regarded them as 
being the latter only the young state of the former. After 
a careful examination of our series and considering Alston’s 
arguments, I feel sure that Allen is iu the right. Mo¬ 
reover Alston gives an argument iu favour to our opinion 
as he says (1. c. p. 670): »the British Museum specimens 
(of Sciurus pusillus) agree in size with Buflon’s and Des- 
marest’s descriptions and are not yet quite adult ^ as shown 
by their skulls and teeth.” 

According to Alston, Sciurus pusillus has two upper pre¬ 
molars as he observed iu two skulls, but this number 
seems not to be constant, for, of three skulls of the sup¬ 
posed Sc, pusillus in our collection , two have one and the 
third has two upper premolars. And although two spe¬ 
cimens show not the slightest difference either iu size nor 
in coloration, the one has two and the otlier has one 
upper premolar (vide infra, 7 and 11). We possess 
also specimens from the same locality only ditferiiig iu size 
and nearly always the small form clearly shows its youth 
by the undeveloped dentition. 

Hab, Nicaragua; Costa-Rica; Panama; New Granada; 
Venezuela; Guiana; W. Brazil; Ecuador; Peru and Bolivia. 

Mounted specimens iu the Leyden Museum: 

1. Adult female, Brazil, 1822. — 2,3, 4 and 5. Adult 
female and adult males, Brazil. — 6. Adult female, Peru¬ 
vian Amazons, Chyavetas, Bartlett, 3 August 1866. — 7, 

from tlie Leyden IMuseum, "Vol. V. 


SCIURUS. 


105 


8 aud 9. Young male and young females, Peruvian Ama¬ 
zons, Hualaga, collected by Bartlett in 1867 and 1868. 

8 received s. n. Sciuyms irroratas ^ young. — 10. Young 
male, Peruvian Amazons, Bartlett. — 11. Young individual, 
Peruvian Amazons, Frank, 1880. — 12 and 13. Young 
individuals. New Granada, St^. Fe de Bogota, Frank, 
1842. — 14, 15 and 16. Young males, Surinam, Frank, 
1871; N«. 14. Bartlett, 27 March 1866. 

17. Skeleton, Brazil. 

18. Skull of NO. 2. — 19. Skull of No, 7. — 20. Skull 
of NO. 11. — 21. Skull of NO. 12. — 22. Skull of No. 
13. — 23. Skull without lower jaws, Brazil. 

EUROPEAN AND ASIATIC SQUIRRELS. 

Anderson ') is the first author, who endeavored to work 
out mouographically the Asiatic Squirrels. His investiga¬ 
tions bear a peculiar interest, as they are based upon an 
examination of nearly all the typical specimens preserved 
in the large Musea, by which he was enabled to break 
up a large series of nominal species. In the main points 
I accept his views, there are however some particularities 
in which I differ, as hereafter will appear. Especially I 
cannot accept his opinion that »the dentition and the form 
»of the skull throughout the group (viz. the genus Sciurus) 
»rather present a remarkable uniformity”. If we compare 
for instance the skulls of Seiarus davidianus^ Sciurus lo- 
kriah and Sciurus zeylardcus with the same parts of their 
nearest allies, it is obvious that the differences are very 
important. The same is the case with the dentition: so 
Sciurus zeylanicus has two upper premolars, meanwhile all 
the other large Sqnirrels have a single one, so Sciurus sy- 
ricicus differs from all the other small-sized Squirrels from 
the continent by having a single upper premolar. Gene- 


1) Anatomical and Zoological Researches and Zoological results of the Yun* 
nan Expedition. LS78. 

2*^0168 from the Leyden !IMu.seu.in, Vol. V. 



10G 


SCIURUS. 


rally in species with two upper premolars there are very 
striking dillerences in the size of the foremost one. 

The number of species of Asiatic Squirrels largely sur¬ 
pass the number of those inhabiting Eiiropa, America and 
Africa taken together; for meanwhile Enropa possess only 
a single species, America ten and Africa sixteen true Squir¬ 
rels, there are in Asia more than thirty well defined spe¬ 
cies. The number of species increases from North to South; 
the largest number is to be found in the islands Sumatra 
and Borneo; here also are represented the largest aud on 
the other hand the smallest species of the genus. East¬ 
wards from Celebes aud Java no Squirrel lives. Squirrels 
with stripes on back or sides are not to be found in 
Europa and America^), Africa has four striped Squirrels, 
Asia however nourishes a much larger series. 

The description given by Sonnerat of his EcurezaY Gingi 
{Sciurus dscJiinscliicus Linn.Gm,, Sciurus descJm^scJncus Auder- 
son) is to short and at the same time appliable to more than 
one species, so that nobody can make out what species 
Sonnerat had before him. 1 thus pass over it in silence. 
I am convinced that the study of larger series will bring 
to light that there are several nominal species among the 
species from the Indian continent summed up in the fol¬ 
lowing list. 

8CIURUS. 

A. Back and sides of body without longitudinal stripes, 

I. Squirrels two times larger or more than our Common 
Squirrel. Tail much longer than head and body. 

Sciu r u s i n dic u s. 

1777. Sciimis indicm Erxleben. Systema Regni Auimalis. 
p. 420. 

1878. Sciurus indicus Anderson. Vuuuan Expedition, p. 222; 
Sciurus 7naxinius Anderson. 1. c. p. 223. 

1) Transitory in some American species. A short black side-stripe seems to 
be constant in Semrus aherti Woodbouse. 

r^otes from the Leyden Museum, Vol. V. 



SCIURUS GIGANTEUS. 


ii)l 


Back, outside of upper half of fore legs, outside of 
hindlegs, tail, the large tufts of ears and a large rhom- 
boidal spot between the eyes of a beautiful maroon-red to 
blackish purple. Sometimes, as our 3 shows, the tail, 
th(} upperparts of legs and a line on the back are entirely 
deep-black colored [Sdurus maximus (Gmelin) Anderson). 
Very characteristic to this species is the narrow maroon 
line from the anterior angle of the ear downwards to the 
side of the neck. The remaining parts yellowish white to 
yellowish orange. It is distinguished from the Ceylon- 
species by its purplish color, the long tufts of the ears, 
the uniformly colored hairs of the tail and the never black 
toes. 

There is a single upper premolar, meanwhile the Cey- 
lon-species has two. 

The skeleton presents 13 costales, 6 lumbares, 3 sa- 
cfales and 32 caudales (Cuvier). 

Hab. Western Ghats, easterly as far as Midnapur and 
Kuttack (Anderson, 1. c. p. 223): Tarai-region of the Hi¬ 
malaya (Hodgson. P. Z, S. L. 1855, p. 126). 

Mounted specimens in the Leyden Museum: 

1. Adult female, Coast of Malabar, Mahrattas. Labeled 
Sciurns elphinstoiiii Sykes. Tail for its greatest part colo¬ 
red yellowish white, like the underparts of the body. — 
2. Adult male, Coast of Malabar, Prevost. — 3. Adult 
female. Coast of Malabar, bought at London. — 4. Young 
specimen, India, Frank, 1880. Received s. n. Sciurus 
purpureus. This very young individual shows exactly the 
same distribution of colors as the adult ones. The inci¬ 
sors are pure white. 

5. Skeleton of N^. 3. 

6. Skull of 1. — 7. Skull of N«. 2. 

Sciurus giganteus. 

1839. Sciurus giganteus McClelland. P. Z. S. L. p. 150. 

I'J'otes from the Leyden JVInseum, Vol. V. 


108 


SCIURUS BICOLOU. 


1878. Sciiiriisg{[/a7iteus Amlevson, Yunnan Expedition, p. 220. 

Ears tufted. Upperparts, eartnfts, tail, hindlegs, upper 
half ot fore legs and toes black or purplish brown. An 
elongated spot of the same color below the eje and two 
dark spots on the under surface of the chin. The under¬ 
parts yellowish white to rich orange. The hairs of these 
parts are dark brown towards the base. ]S’o trace of white 
or yellowish on back or tail. There is one upper premolar. 

Hab. North-Western Himalaya, Assam, Garo Hills, 
Sylhet, Cachar, from Northern Assam across to Yunnan, 
through Arracan and Burma to Tenasserim and the Ma¬ 
layan peninsula and Borneo (fide Anderson, 1. c. p. 222). 

Mounted specimens in the Leyden Museum: 

1. Adult female, Himalaya, Hodgson. — 2. Adult fe¬ 
male, Malacca, Diard. — 3. Adult male, Borneo, Pouj- 
tianak, Diard. 

4. Skull of NO. 1. 

Sciiirus hicolor, 

1778. Sciurus hicolor Sparrmann. Gothenb. Vet. Handl. 
Vol. I. p. 70. 

1878. Sciurus hicolor Anderson. Yunnan Expedition, p. 215 
(partim). 

Ears not tufted. Upperparts of head, back and tail 
vary from pale brown to brownish black , sometimes the dark 
hairs have v/hite tips. Hind legs, upperhalf and posterior 
portion of lowerhalf of fore legs black, sometimes the 
black hairs are white tipped. Toes black. Cheeks pure 
white; there are two dark spots on the under surface of 
the chin. Underparts of body, inside of legs and the an¬ 
terior part of the lower half of fore legs yellowish to 
orange. The hairs of the belly and inside of hind legs 
dark brown toward the base, d^ail brown to black, the 
hairs however always are yellowish white to orange tipped 
for a smaller or larger extension. Tip of tail imicolor, 

P^Totes Iroixi ilie Leyden Museum, Vol. 'V', 


SCIURUS BICOLOR. 


100 


The skeleton presents 13 costales, 6 lumbares, 3 sa- 
crales and about 30 caudales. 

There is a single upper premolar. 

Hab. Sumatra and Java. 

Mounted specimens in the Leyden Museum. 

1 and 2. Adult males, Sumatra, Padang, S. Muller, 
1836. — 3. Adult female, Sumatra, Padang, J. P. Snel- 
leman, 1878. 1 —3 present back and tail pale brown. — 

4. Adult specimen, Sumatra , Benkoelen, Wienecke, 1865. 
Upperparts and tail blackish brown. — 5. Adult female, 
West-Java, Diard, 1864. All the hairs have yellowish 
tips, those of the hairs of the tail especially are largely 
yellowish tipped. — 6. Adult male, Java, Kuhl and v. 
Hasselt. — 7. Female, Java. Nos. G and 7 have brown 
upperparts. — 8, Adult female, Java, Reinwardt. Upper- 
parts maroon brown, hairs of tail broadly tipped with 
yellowish orange. — 9. Adult male, West-Java, Diard, 
1864. — 10. Adult female, Java, Tjikao, Boie and Macklot. 
Nos. 9 and 10 have the back blackish brown, the tail 
like N^. 8. — 11. Young individual, Java, Kuhl and v. 
Hasselt. Upperparts brown, tail broadly orange tipped. — 
12. Young specimen, Java. Back black, hairs of tail 
broadly orange tipped. — 13. Very young female, Java, 
1840. Upperparts and very short-hairy tail of an uniform 
brown color. — 14 and 15. Adult males, died in the 
zoological garden at Rotterdam and Amsterdam. Upper- 
parts of a beautiful brownish black. Hairs of tail broadly 
orange tipped. — 16. Adult male, died in the zoological 
garden at Rotterdam. Upperparts of a rich glistering dark 
brownish black color. Hairs of tail broadly orange tipped. 
17. Skeleton of an adult specimen, Java, Kuhl and v. 
Hasselt. — 18. Skeleton of a not full-grown specimen, 
Java, Kuhl and v. Hasselt. 

19. Skull of N^. 3. — 20. Skull of an adult specimen, 
Java. — 21. Skull of an adult specimen, North-East-Su- 

Notes from the JLieydeii ]\Iiiseiim, ‘V'ol. "V". 


no 


SCU’UUIS ALIilCEPS. 


inatra, Deli, Taodjong-lMorawa, B. Hagen, 1882. — 22 
Skull of an adult speeimen, Sumatra, J. F. Suelleman, 1878. 

S c i u r us albic e p s. 

1817. Sdurus alhiceps Desmarest. Noiiv. Diet. d’Hist, Nat, 

X. p. 105. 

1820. Sdurus lesdienaidtii Desmarest. Mammalogie. p. 335. 
1822. Sdurus ajjinis Raffles, Transac. Linn. Soc. Loudon. 
XIII. p. 259. 

1824. Sdurus hypoleucos Horsfield. Zoological Researches 
in Java. p. 

1832. Sdurus auriventer Is. G. St. Hilaire. IMagasin de 
Zoologie. pi. y. 

1835. Sdurus humeralis Coulon. Mem. de la Societe des 
Sc. Nat. de Neufchat. Vol. T. p. 122. pi. YITT. 
1838. Sdurus eplnppium S. Muller. Tijdschrift voor Na- 
tuurlijke Geschiedenis en Pliysiologie. p. 147. 

1878. Sdurus hicolor Anderson. Yunnan Expedition, p. 
215 (pai*tim). 

This speeies is characterized by having uiitufted ears, 
by its yellowish brown to black brown back and tail, by 
its white to orange or golden colored belly and by its toes 
which are white to golden. It is distinguished from the 
other large-sized Indian Squirrels by its hairs of the belly 
being unicolor and not darker towards tlie base of the 
hairs and by its never black toes. It often has been con¬ 
founded with hicolor^ which however has the hairs of the belly 
bicolored , those of the tail always ending in white to orange 
tips and the toes l)lack. Although the specimens of a given 
locality, Malayan peninsula, Sumatra, Java or Borneo, pre¬ 
sent some peculiarities, which has given rise to describe 
such local-varieties as distinct species, there are among 
our large series of specimens from each of the named lo¬ 
calities always some ones which deviab? in color from tlie 
typical local race and which form so to say links between 


iNoteH IrovTi ilie Leyden IMuseum, "Vol. V, 


SCIURUS ALBICEPS. 


Ill 


this and an other local variety, so that it is an impos¬ 
sibility to give a definite description of each. Therefore 
I bring them under a single head and looke upon them 
as forming a single species with more or less exactly cir¬ 
cumscribed local-varieties. 

The specific title alhiceps is a very bad one as it only 
is applicable to specimens from Sumatra and to a few 
ones from Malacca, but hypoleucos is a bad one also , being 
only applicable to Sumatra- and some Borneo-specimens, 
meanwhile the name auriventer is more exact for those of 
the Malayan peninsula and Java, As there are in the 
nomenclature of systematic zoology yet a large number of 
bad and insignificant specific titles and as the name aU 
biceps is not better or worse than other ones, I feel not 
obliged to change it, having it moreover the priority of 
date and this always ought to be respected. 

Sciurus finlaysonii Horsfield seems to be a young indi¬ 
vidual of this species. The skull presents no very stri¬ 
king differences if compared with that of Sciurus bicolor. 
There is a single upper preraolar. 

Hab. Siam, the Malayan peninsula, Sumatra, Borneo 
and Java. 

Mounted specimens in the Leyden Museum: 

1 and 2 . Adult males, Malacca, Diard, 1828. — 3 
and 4. Adult male and female, Malacca, Landauer, 
1864. — 5. Adult male, without locality. — 6 , Adult 
specimen, Reinwardt. i — 0 representatives of the 

aiiriveiiter-ymetj ] 3 however has the underparts more 

yellow, the upperparls yellowish white. — 7. Adult male, 
Singapore, Diard, 1858. Lowerparts pure white, upper- 
parts and tail brown, head of a darker tint. It rej)re- 
seuts the variety. — 8,9 and 10 . Adult male and 

females, Sumatra, Padang, S, Muller, 1833. — 11 . Adult 
female, Padang, Reinwardt. — 12. Adult male, Padang, 
Henrici. 8 —12 are the specimens called hypoleucos 

Notes I'rom tlie Leyden Musenm, Vol. V, 


112 


SCIURUS ALBIC’EPS. 


by ]\Iuller aud Sclilegel; they have the head white and 
represent the allnceps- or In/poleiicos-Yav\eiy, — 13. \ oung 
specimen, Sumatra, Palembang, Teysmanii, 1878. Tpper- 
parts of a beautiful maroon, head darker, grizzled, lower- 
parts pure white. — 14. Adult male, Borneo, S. Muller, 
183G. — 15 and IG. Adult males, Borneo, Banjermas- 
sing, Sehwauer. — 17 aud 18. Adult males, South-Borueo, 
Croockewit. — 19. Adult male, South-East-Borneo , Carl 
Bock, 1880. 14 —19 represent the ephippiutn-YH- 

riety; 14 is the type of ephippium Midler. — 20. Adult 
female, Borneo, Muller, 183G. — 21. Young male, Borneo, 
Kapoeas, Schwaner. — 22 and 23. Adult males, Borneo, 
Diard, 1829, — 24. Adult male, Borneo, Sarawak, Frank, 
1880. The broad black band along the spine, so charac¬ 
teristic to the epliippium-\^v\Qiy is present in 20—24, 

but confounds with the darker colored sides of the body, 
especially on the hind part of the back. — 25 aud 2G. 
Adult males, Borneo, mainland opposide Labuan, Frank, 
1880. These specimens differ in some respects as they have 
small white points to the hairs of the tail and also to 
those of the sides of the body aud outside of legs. It is 
a very curious mode of coloration, but 1 believe it to be 
an example of individual modification, — 27. Adult male, 
Borneo, S. Miiller. — 28. Adult female, Borneo, Croocke¬ 
wit. Nos. 27 and 28 have no trace of black stripe on the 
back; N°. 27 has the upperparts brown, head pale brown; 
N^. 28 has back, tail aud outside of legs maroon, the 
head yellowish, it is so to say a link between the albiceps- 
and the hi/poleiicos-Y^x\Qiy, — 29. Adult male, Java, Teys- 
mann, 1878. Upperparts and outside of legs brown to 
yellowish brown, tail straw-color, head above grizzled. 
Lowerparts aud feet pure white. 

30. Skull of NO. 3. — 31. Skull of N^. 4. — 32 Skull 
of NO. 7. — 33. Skull of No. 8. - 34. Skull of Nb 10. — 
35. Skull of N^ 22. — 3G. Skull of an adult specimen , 
Borneo, Diard. 


JNToIch Iroiii the L€;y<leii IVJiuseitm, A^ol. V. 


SCIURUS ZEYLANICUS. 


113 


.Sou/ rits zeylanicu s* 

1693. Sduriis zej/lanicus Haj. Synopsis Quadrupedum. p. 265. 
1878. Sciu7'us macrourus Anderson. Yunnan Expedit. p. 224. 

Upperparts, base of tail, occiput, cheeks, eartufts, 
outside of upperbalf of legs, and toes blackish brown or 
black. All the other parts and a large spot between the 
ears yellowish white. All the hairs of the tail, excluding 
its base, have pure white tips. The above given distribu¬ 
tion of colors is so constant and so peculiar to this spe¬ 
cies, that this alone suffices to characterize it But the 
skull presents some very striking differences, which dis¬ 
tinguish it from all the other large sized Asiatic Squir¬ 
rels and which are hitherto unrecorded , as far as I know; 
I cite the following: the bony palate is ending posteriorly 
behind the molars and not before these organs, the skull 
is less broad and more elongate , the nasalia less curved , 
and finally there are two upper premolars of which the 
first is a very stout one, meanwhile all the other large-sized 
Squirrels possess only a single upper premolar. The shape 
of the molars also is quite ditterent from that of the same 
parts ill other Squirrels. 

Hab, Ceylon. 

Mounted specimens in the Leyden Museum: 

1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6. Adult specimens, Ceylon, Co¬ 
lombo, Diard , 1859. — 7. Adult male , Ceylon, Frank, 1880. 

8. Skull of 1. — 9. Skull of N» 2. 

1—7 represent phases of the blackish brown form; 

7 is the black phase (Sciurus tC7i7iantu Layard). 

TI. Squirrels a few larger, as large as or smaller than our 

common vSquirrel. Tail as long as or shorter than head 

and body. 

a. Ears tufted or not. 

Notes trom the Leyden Museum, Vol. 'V. 

cS 


114 


SCIURUS VULGARIS. 


Sciurus vulgaris, 

1776. Sciurus vulga^us Lin. Systema Naturae. XII ed. p. 86. 
1821. Sciinuis alpinus Cuv. Mamm. lith. 22e livr. fig. 

1843. Sciurus europaeus Gray. List of the spec, of Main. 

in the coll, of tlie British Museum, p. 139. 

1867, Sciuj^iis calotus Gray. Aun. and Mag. of Nat. Hist, 

p. 272. 

See also: Sciurus italicus Bouap. Fauna ital. fasc. 23. 
Lowerparts always pure white. Hairs of tail always red 
or black tipped. Two upper premolars. Skeleton with 12 
costales, 7 lumbares, 3 sacrales and 21 caudales (12, 7, 

3, 25 apud Cuvier; 12, 7,3, 24 apud Wagner). 

Hab. Europa and Northern Asia. The most Southern 
limits in Asia seem to be Japan, Northern China and 
Tibet. Eichwald stated that it abounds in the Caucasus. 

Mounted specimens in the Leyden Museum: 

*The red variety: 1. Adult male, the Netherlands, War- 
mond, 8 June 1854, A. A. v. Bemmelen. — 2. Adult male, 
Maarsseu, 17 March 1861, A. A. v. Bemmelen, — 3. Adult 
male, Hilversum , 12 October 1860, A. A. van Bemmelen. — 

4. Adult male, Guelders, 4 June 1862. — 5. Adult spe¬ 
cimen, Zutphen, 5 October 1859, Temminck Jr. — 6. 
Very young male, Zeist, 4 July 1862. — 7,8 and 9. 
Two adult males and one female, Hanover, Norden , August 
1859, de Graaf. — 10. Adult specimen. North Europe. — 
11 and 12. Adult and young, Temminck’s collection. — 
13. Adult, Europe. Upperparts uniformly light reddish brown 
colored. 

The Siberian variety: 14. Adult, East Siberia, from the 
Petersburgh-Museum , 1869.— 15. Nearly fullgrown female, 
Sweden, Schonen, 1 May 1877, Schluter, 1878. Tail and 
earpencils reddish-black, middle of back red. — 16. Adult, 
East Siberia, from the Petersburgh-^Iuseum, 1869. Tail 
and earpencils reddish black, like hands and feet. — 

]>fotes from the Leyden IMiiseiim, Vol. V. 


SCIURUS LIS. 


115 


17. Adult, Siberia. Tail, earpencils, bauds and feet dark 
blackish browu. — 18. Nearly fullgrown female, Sweden, 
Schoneu, 11 May 1877, Schliiter, 1878. Colored like N« 17. 
— 19. Adult female, Sweden, Quickjock, 26 November 
1876, Schliiter, 1878. Colored somewhat intermediate be¬ 
tween the red- and the Siberian-variety. 

The Alpine variety: 20. Adult male, Switserland, St. Go- 
thard, Schliiter, 1878. — 21 and 22. Adult males , Silesia , 
Riesengeb., Januar 1850 and November 1860,0. Finsch. — 
23. Young specimen, Greece, Parnass-Mounts , 20 July 1866, 
Schliiter, 1870. — 24. Young, Sub-alpine regions of Europe. 
25. Adult male, Siberia, Verdey, 1873. — 26. Adult, North- 
Europe. Purplish black. — 27. Adult, Russia. Colored like 
N® 26, the tail ornated with a pure white tip. — 28 and 
29. Adult specimens, Japan , v. Siebold. Upperparts and sides 
colored somewhat between the Siberian- and the Alpine- 
variety. — 30. Adult male, Guelders, Lidth de Jeude, 1866. 
Varietas alba. — 31. Adult female, the Netherlands, 
Wildenborgh near Vorden, 24 February 1865, Brants. 
White colored like N® 30. 

32. Skeleton of an adult specimen, Europe, Temminck’s 
collection. 

33. Skull of an adult individual, Guelders, 11 July 
1862, A. A. V. Bemmelen. 

N® 1 , 6, 7, 8, 9, 24 and 25 have unpencilled ears. 

34. Young male (in spirits), Brunswick, Blasius. 


SciiLrus I is, 

1842. Sciurus Us Temminck. Fauna japonica. p. 45. PI. 
XII, figs. 1—4. 

This species has not been mentioned by Gray in his 
Synopsis of the year 1867 and Anderson says no word 
about it in his Yunnan Expedition. A. Milne Edwards 
calls it Sciurus Lijs (Recherches, etc. 1868 a 1874. p. 308.) 

JS'otes from, tlie Leyden INIuKenni, Vol. "V. 


116 


SCIURUS SYRIACUS. 


aud believes that it should be regarded as synonymous 
with Sciu7'us vulgaris. 

Besides the several differences between Sciurus vulgaris 
aud Sviurus Us summed up by Temminek, I add that 
meanwhile the hairs of the tail of Sciiuncs vulgaris always 
are tipped with red or black, the same parts of Sciurus 
Us constantly are tipped with whitish. 

There are two upper premolars. 

The indigenous name of this Squirrel is not Us as Tein- 
minck wrote, but risu, 

Hab. Japan. 

Mounted specimens in the Leyden Museum: 

1. Adult male, Japan, Jeddo, v. Siebold. — 2. Adult 
female, Japan, Burger. — 3. Adult specimen , Japan , Burger. 
4. Skull of 1. ~ 5. Skull of N" 2. 

Nos 2 and 3 have unpeucilled ears. 

Sc iurus sy r i a c u s, 

1828. Sciurus syriacus Ehrenberg. Symbolae physieae. Dec. 
I. Tab. 8. 

1831. Sciurus caucasicus Pallas. Zoographica Rosso-Asiatica. 

T. I. p. 186. 

1843. Sciurus Wagner. Schreber’s Saugethiere. Sup- 

plem. Bd. III. p. 155. 

1867. Sciurus historicus Gray. Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist, 
p. 273. 

1876. Sciurus fulvus Blanford. Eastern Persia. T. II. p. 
49. PI. iv. fig. 1. 

See also: Sciurus anomalus Giildenstiidt, Scimuis persicus 
Gmelin aud perhaps Sciurus leucocephalus Gray. 

Ears with short pencils. Lowerparts yellowish white to 
golden yellow. One upper premolar. 


r^otes from the Leyden Museum, "Vol. V. 


SCIURUS SYRfACUS, 


117 


Hab. Southern Russia and Southern Siberia, the Cauca¬ 
sus and Georgia, Asia minor, Syria, Arabia and Persia. 

Mounted specimens in the Leyden Museum: 

1. Adult male, South-Russia. — 2 and 3. Adult speci¬ 
mens , the Caucasus, Brandt. — 4. Adult female, Siberia, 
March 1871, Verdey, 1873. — 5. Adult specimen, Syria, 
from the Paris-Museum, 1868. — 6 and 7. Adult male 
and young female, Asia minor, Aidiu, November and 
June 1876, Schliiter, 1878. — 8 and 9. Adult male and 
young female, Smyrna, 15 January 1872 and 11 May 
1871, Kriiper. — 10. Young specimen, Smyrna, v. Heu- 
glin. — 11. Adult individual, Arabia, from the Berliu- 
Museum. Received s. n. Sciurus libicus. 

12. Skull of NO 2. — 13. Skull of N^ 5. - 14. Skull 
of NO 8. — 15. Skull of NO 9. 

16. Adult male, Asia minor, Schneider, 1878 (in spirits). 

Among our specimens of this species I found the Squir¬ 
rel described by Kuhl (Beitrage zur Zoologie, 1820. p. 
68) under the name Sciurus anomalus. His description 
clearly shows that he had not a true Sciurus syrictcus be¬ 
fore him, for he described it as follows:” Latere inferior!, 
internis extremitatum partibus, autibrachii et tarsorum 
externis auriculisque vulpinis; latere superior! ex cineras- 
cenfci, nigro rufoque vario, pilisque basi cinereis, deiude 
flavo rufis, turn bruneo nigris, apice deiiique flavorufis, 
sed longioribus nigris. Cauda maxime jioccosa, infra pul- 
chre rufa ^ supra dorsi colore. Corpore 13. cauda 11 poll, 
circa longis.” This description agrees entirely ^vith the 
individual before me, and also agrees with the description 
of Sciurus ni(jer , var. ludomcianus. It is also not an In¬ 
dian Squirrel as Kuhl thought, but an American which 
may stand in our catalogue under the named specific title 
(Vide supra p. 95). The locality is not Georgia in Asia as 
was written upon the label, but Georgia in North-Ame- 
rica. Sciurus syriacus moreover is a small species, measu¬ 
ring: the body about 26 c. m. and the tail about 21 

Notes from the Leyden Museum, Vol. V", 


118 


SaURUS HIPPI RUS. 


c. m., meanwhile Sciurus anomalus Kuhl measures: the body 
about 34 c. m. and the tail about 30 c. m. 

Sc 121 ms a 1st 071 i, 

1878. Sciurus alstonl Anderson. Yuniiau Expedition, p. 
252. pi. XXL 

Characterized by the beautiful pure white tufting to the 
ears, which projects a considerable way backwards. An¬ 
derson does not mention not the number of upper premolars 
and where at present the type-specimen is preserved. 

Hab. Unknown, probably Borneo (Anderson , 1. c.). 

No specimens in the Leyden Museum. 

Sciurii s h ipp urns. 

1832. SciiDuis hippurus Is. Geotfr. St. Hilaire. Etudes 
zoologiques. PI. 6. 

1878. Sciurus hippurus Anderson. Yunnan Expedition, 
p. 241. 

There are two upper premolars. Between the eye-holes 
the skull shows a very characteristic depression. 

Hab. Malayan Peninsula, Sumatra and Borneo. 

ilounted specimens in the Leyden Museum: 

1. Adult specimen, Singapore, Landauer, 1864. — 2 
and 3. Adult males, Sumatra, S. Miiller, 1835. — 4. Adult 
female, Borneo, Kapoeas-river, Schwauer. — 5. Adult male, 
Borneo, Banjerinassiiig, Schwauer. — 6. Adult female, 
Borneo, Poiitiauak, Diard, — 7. Male, Borneo, Frank, 
1880. 

8. Skull of N^. 2. 


J^otes frotn the Leytlen MiiReiiiii, 


SCIURUS LOKROIDES. 


119 


Sciuriis erythraeus, 

1778. Scmrus erythraeus Pallas. Novae species quadrupe- 
dum. p. 377. 

1878. Sciurus erythraeus Anderson. Ynnnan Expedition, 
p. 236 ; Sciurus ferrugineus Anderson. 1. c. p. 243. 

There are two upper premolars of which the first is very 
strongly developed. 

Hab. Bhutan, Burma, Arracan, Pegu, Rangoon, Siam 
and Cambodja. 

Mounted specimens in the Leyden Museum: 

1. Adult S23ecimeu, Arracan, Frank, 1865. — 2. Adult 
specimen, India, Frank, 1880. 1 and 2 have the 

tip of the tail pure white (var. keraudrenii), — 3,4 and 
5. Adult specimens, Cambodja, Diard. Type-specimens of 
Sciurus cinnamomeus Temminck. — 6. Adult rnale, Cam¬ 
bodja, Frank. — 7. Adult female, locality unknown, Lidth 
de Jeude, 1866. 

8. Skull of N®. 3. — 9. Skull of N^ 4. 

Sciurus lokroides. 

1836. Sciurus lokroides Hodgson. J. A. S. B. p. 232. 

1878. Sciurus lokroides Anderson. Yunnan Expedition, 
247; Sciurus himaculatus Anderson. 1. c. p. 235. 

The chief difference between Sciurus himacidatus und Sciu’- 
rus lokroides is that the former has the extreme tip of the 
tail pure white, preceded by a broad black band. I re¬ 
gard this as an individual phenomenon; it moreover is a 
long known fact that the tail in different species of Squir¬ 
rels sometimes is ornated with a white tip. For the rest there 
are no differences neither in skull nor in dentition. There 
are two upper premolars. 

Notes from, the Leyden IMuseum, Vol. V. 


SCII^RUS PliKXYI. 


no 


Hab. Nepal to \Vesterii Yiiuiiau , Assam , Tippera, Dacca , 
Arracau, Malacca and the Island of Preparis (Anderson. 1. c.). 

Mounted specimens in the Leyden Museum: 

1 and 2. Adult specimens, Nepal, Hodgson. —3. Adult 
specimen, Tibet, Hodgson. — 4. Adult male, Malacca. 
Type of Sciums himacidatus Temminck. 

5. Skull of N‘\ 1. — G. Skull of N^ 2, — 7. Skull 
of N®. 4. 


Sc I urns lokriah, 

183G. Sclnrus iokriah Hodgson. J. A. S. IL p. 232. 

1878, SciariiB Iokriah Anderson. Yunnan Expedition, p. 
250; Scinrus rujitfenls Blajiford. P. A. S. B. p. 93 
and J A. S. B. ]). 15G. pis. VH and VIII. 

There are two upper premolars. Nasalia much more elon- 
o*ated and more slender than in Sc tar us lokroides. The iin- 

O 

derparts seem to vary from rich orange to pale yellow 
and bluisli-grey, the white eartuft although very constant, 
sometimes is absent, and in the latter case this species 
externally closely approaches Sciuras lokroides, 

Hab. Nepal, the Sikkim Himalaya and Assam, also Ar- 
racan and the Khasia hills (Anderson. 1. c.). 

Mounted specimens in the Leyden A[use\ini: 

1. Adult specimen, Tibet, Hodgson. — 2. Adult spe¬ 
cimen, Nepal, Paris-Museum, 18G8. Types of the species. 
3. Skull of N‘'. 2. 

S c i a r us pe r n y 1. 

1SG7. Sciurus pernyi A, Milne Edwards Uevue et Mag. 

de Zoologie. p. 230. ])1. XIX. 

1878. Sciurus pernyi Anderson. Yunnan Expedition, p. 253. 


r^'oles irom the Leytlen j>Juse\im, 'V^'ol. \^. 


SCIURUS DAVIDIANUS. 


lt>l 


The number of upper premolars is unknown. 

Hab. Se tcliouau, China. 

No specimens in the Leyden Museum. 

This species perhaps is the same as the former. 

S c i u T u s d a v i d i a n u s. 


1867. Sciurus davidiamis A. Milue Edwards. Revue et Mag. 
de Zoologie. p. 196. 

1868—1874. Sciurus (Tamias) davidiamis A» Milue Edwards. 
Recherches etc. p. 160. pis. 16 and 18, fig. 2. 

Anderson seems to believe that this species belongs to 
the 7bmm6*-group , for he does not mention it in his summing 
up of the Indian Squirrels. I regard its with Milne Ed¬ 
wards as a form between the true Sciurus and the true 
Tainias. It pos.sess cheek-pouches, but they are very small 
compared with the same parts in Thmms-species, its skull, 
although more elongated than generally is to be found in 
5ai<?v^5-species, differs in no other way from the latter 
and finally its body is not ornated with longitudinal bands 
or stripes as is always the case in 7h??zm5-species. 

There are two upper premolars, the first of them is a 
very large one. 

In comparing Milne Edwards’ figure of this species with 
bis description, it appears that they do not correspond 
together: the fact* is that the figure is to dark colored. 


llab. China, neighborhood of Pekin. 

Mounted specimens in the Leyden Museum : 

1. Adult specimen, China, neighborhood of Pekin, Da¬ 
vid, Paris-Museum, 1868. One of the types of the species. 

2. Skull of N^ 1. 


Notes from tlie Leyden ]Mu.seum, Vol. V. 


122 


SCIURUS ATRODORSALIS. 


Sciiirus caniceps, 

1842. Scutrus caniceps Gray. Aun. and Mag. Nat. Hist, 
p. 263. 

1878. Sciurus caniceps Anderson. Yunnan Expedition, p. 
229; Sciurus (jriseimanus Anderson. 1. c. p. 233. 

There are two upper premolars. 

Hab. Saigon, Cambodja, Siam, Tavoy, Tenasserim, 
Malacca and Salanga-island. 


Mounted specimens in the Leyden Museum: 

1 and 2. Adult specimens, Bhotan?, Frank, 1880. — 3. 
Young individual, Baukok, Paris-Museum, 1868. — 4. 
Adult male, Malacca, Frank, 1880. — 5. Adult speci¬ 
men, Salanga-island, Francfurt, 1881. 

6. Skull of N« 1. — 7. Skull of 2. - 8. Skull of 
NO 3. — 9. Skull of N" 5. 

Sciurus atrodorsalis. 

1842. Sciurus atrodorsalis Gray. Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist, 
p. 263. 

1878. Sciurus atrodorsalis Anderson. Yunnan expedition, 
p. 233; Sciurus (jordoni Anderson. 1. c. p. 240. 
pi. XIX; Sciurus sladani Anderson. 1. c. p. 242. 
pi. XX. 

The grizzled medial line of the belly is not constant, 
not even in individuals from the same locality: thus I 
find no reason to separate Sciurus gordoni. Our No 2 is 
colored almost like Sciurus sladani: it evidently is a not 
fully dressed individual. There are two upper preinolars. 
Skeleton with 12 or 13 costales, 7 or 6 lumbares ahd 
24 to 28 caudales (Anderson. 1. c. p. 235). 


JN'otes from tbe Leyden Museum, 'Vol. V. 


SCTURUS CASTANEOVENTRIS. 


123 


Hab. Nepal, Turkestan, China?, Formosa, Upper Burma, 
Assam, Martaban, Malacca, Cambodja?, and Cochin-China? 

Mounted specimen in the Leyden Museum: 

1. Adult male, Nepal, Prank, 1866. — 2. Adult spe¬ 
cimen, Turkestan, Paris-Museum, 1868. — 3, 4 and 5. 
Adult males, China?, Frank, 1877. — 6. Adult speci¬ 
men, N. W. Formosa, Swinhoe, 1863. Received s. n. 
Sciurus erythraeus. 

7. Skull of 6. 

Sciurus quinquestriatus, 

1871. Sciimis quinquestriatus Anderson. P. Z, S. L. p. 142. 
pi- X. 

1878. Sciurus quinquestriatus Anderson. Yunnan Expedi¬ 
tion. p. 266. 

The number of upper premolars has not been recorded 
by Anderson. 

Hab. Kakhyen hills, within the Chinese frontier at 
an elevation of about 3000 feet (Anderson, 1. c.). 

No specimen in the Leyden Museum. 

Further investigations must make out if the five ven¬ 
tral stripes are constant in all the specimens or acciden¬ 
tally as is the case with the other so-called belly-banded 
Squirrels. And if it turns out that my supposition is cor¬ 
rect, than I feel sure that it will appear that this species 
is synonymous with Sciurus atrodorsalis or perhaps with 
Sciurus lohroides. 

Sciurus c as tane oven iris. 

1842. Sciurus castaneoventris Gray. Ann. and Mag. Nat. 
Hist. p. 263. 

.Notes from the Leyden Museum, Vol. V. 


sciuar.s pvokrythrujs. 


le-i 

1878. Schonis eastaneoventri.^ Anderson. Yunnan Expedi¬ 
tion. p. 238. 

Sometimes the belly shows a grizzled medial line. There 
are two upper premolars. 

Ilab. China (Western China according to Anderson), 
Formosa and Hainan. 

Mounted specimens in the Leyden Museum: 

1. Adult male, China, Ningpo, 15 January 1872, Frank, 
1880. — 2. Male, China, Frank, 1876. — 3. Young in¬ 
dividual , China. 

4. Skull of N" 1. 

Sciurus py g ery thru s. 

1832. Sciurus pijgerythrus Is. Geoffroy St.-Hilaire. Mag. 
de Zoologie. 

1878. Sciurus pygerythrus Anderson Yunuan Expedition, 
p. 227; Sciiuuis phayrei Anderson. 1. c. p. 230; 
Sciurus blanfordii Anderson. 1. c. p. 230. 

The only striking dilierence between Sciurus pygerythrus 
and Sciurus j^hayrei consists in the dark side-bands of the 
latter species: this characteristic however is not constant 
and is sometimes absent in ^^//uyr^i-specimens and someti¬ 
mes occurs in pygerythrus- and in Z>/an/(9?Y/«-specimens. There 
are two upper premolars. Skeleton with 12 costales, 7 lum- 
bares and 26 caudales (Anderson. 1. c. p. 230). 

Hab. Upper Burma, Pegu and Martaban. 

Mounted specimens in the Leyden Museum: 

1, 2, 3 and 4. Males and female, Burma, Tounghn, 
Lord Walden, 1869. 


JN’oies from the Leyden Museum, Vol. V. 


SCIURUS TENUIS. 


125 


5. Skull of No 1. 

No 4 has a broad blackish-brown side-stripe. 

Sciurus diardii. 

1879. Sciurus diardii (Temminck in litt.) Jentink. Notes 
from the Leyden Museum. 1. p. 39. 

There are two upper premolars of which the first one 
also is very good developed. 

Hab. Nusa-Kambaugau, situated oil Tjilatjap, close to 
the South coast of Java. 

Mounted specimens in the Leyden Museum: 

1. Adult female, Nusa-Kambangan, Diard. Type of the 
species. 

2. Skull of N« 1. 


Sciurus tenuis, 

1824. Sciurus tenuis Horsfield. Zoological Researches in 
Java. 

1839 -1844. Sciurus modestiis Muller and Schlegel. Ver- 
handelingen etc. p, 96. T. 14. figs. 1—3. 

1878. Sciurus tenuis Anderson. Yunnan Expedition, p. 
255. 

There are two upper .premolars. 

It was not without long hesitation that Muller and 
Schlegel have given the specific title modestus to this spe¬ 
cies, as they were not sure if it was not the same species 
as Horsfield’s tenuis. I agree with Blyth and Anderson in 
considering them identical. 

Sciurus pltiUppeusis Waterhouse and ^^acroxus cltinensis 
Gray are closely allied to Sciurus tenuis Horsfield (Ander¬ 
son. 1. c. p. 255). 


Notes from the Leyden IMuseum, Vol. 'V', 


SC I UR US MURLNUS. 


12(] 

Hab. The Malayan Peninsula, Sumatra, Borneo, Java 
(iide Anderson), the Philippines?, China , Canton (fide iMuller 
and Schlegel). 

Mounted specimens in the Leyden Museum: 

1 and 2. Adult specimens, Malacca, Diard. — 3 and 4. 
Adult and young males, Sumatra, S. Muller, 1837. — 5. 
Adult male, Sumatra, Mount Singalang, S. IMuller, July 
1837. — 6. Adult female, Sumatra, Padang, Muller. — 
7 and 8. Adult specimens, Sumatra, Muller. — 9 and 
10. Achdt individuals, Sumatra — 11. Adult specimen, 
Borneo, S. Muller. — 12. Adult female, Borneo, Schwa- 
ner. — 13. Not fullgrowii female, Borneo, Diard. La> 
belod Sciuvifs minor Diard. — 14. Adult male, Borneo, 
Croockewit. — 15. Young individual, Mainland opposite 
Labuan , North-Borneo, Frank, 1880. 

16. Skull of 5. 

Nos 1 —14 are the type-specimens of Sciunis mo(Iei<tus 
Muller and Schlegel. 


Sciiirus murinus. 

1839—44. Sciunis murinus (Forsten) Muller and Schlegel. 
Verhandelingen over de Natuurlijke Geschiedenis 
etc. Zoologie. p. 87. 

1878. Sciunis murinus Anderson. Yunnan Expedition, p. 
256. 

There are two upper premolars. Anderson has given 
in the »Yunnan Expedition” a very good description of 
this species. 

Hab. Celebes. 

ilouuted specimens in the Leyden Museum: 

1. Adult female. North Celebes, Forsten. Labeled Sciunis 
innhrimis Tern. — 2. Adult specimen, North-Celebes, 

JN'otes iroiu the Leytlen IMiiseuiii, A’'ol. X’'. 


SCIURUS EXILIS. 


127 


Forsten. Labeled Schirus umbrinus Teiii. — 3. Adult fe¬ 
male, Celebes, Goroutalo , v. Rosenberg, 5 May 1864.— 

4. Adult, Celebes, Menado, v. Musschenbroek, 1875. — 

5, Young individual, Celebes, Meuado-Langowan, v. Mus- 
sclienbroek, September 1875. 

6. Skull of 1, without lower jaws. — 7. Skull of 
3. — 8. Skull of an adult specimen, Celebes, Forsten. 

Nos 1 and 2 are the types of the species. 

Set urus exilis, 

1838. Sciurus exilis S. Miiller. Tijdschrift voor Natuurlijke 
Geschiedenis en Physiologie. p. 148. 

1839—1844. Sciurus exilis Muller and Schlegel. Verhan- 
delingen etc. p. 97. T. 15, fig^ 4—6. 

1878. Sciurus exilis Anderson. Yunnan Expedition, p. 257. 

Upper incisors yellowish white, lower ones white , feeble. 
Two upper premolars. Skeleton with 12 costales, 7 lum- 
bares, 2 sacrales and 13 caudales. 

Hab. Malacca, Sumatra and Borneo. 

Mounted specimens in the Leyden Museum: 

1. Adult specimen, Malacca, Diard. Labeled Sciurus 
exigims, — 2. Adult male, Sumatra, Mount Singalang, 
Muller. One of the types. — 3. Adult male, Borneo, 
Muller. One of the types. — 4. Adult male, Borneo, 
Schwauer. — 5. Adult female, Southern Borneo, Crooc- 
kewit. — 6. Young specimen, Mainland opposite Labuan, 
North-Borueo, Frank, 1880, 

7. Skull of 2. 

8. Adult male, South-Eastern Borneo, C. Bock, 1879 
(in spirits). 

9. Skeleton of an adult female, South-Eastern Borneo, 
C. Bock, 1879 

(3. Ears very closely fringed, 

Notes from the Leyden Museum, Vol. V, 


SCFUnt'S RUBRIVENTER. 




Sclui'us r ub riv ent er. 

1839—1844. Sclurus (Forstea) Muller and Schle- 

gel. Verliandeliagen etc. ]). 86. 

1878. Scinrus bwolor Anderson. AMiinan Expedition, p. 
215 (partial). 

This species has nothing in common with Srhirns birolor 
as Anderson seems to believe. It is one of the best defi- 
nited species and it is very curious that Anderson has not 
recognized it as such. He has examined the types of al- 
bkeps, lesclienaultli s aurlventer ^ It f/poleffcus, bicolor var. 
aondaica and ephipplum (1. c. p 217) and although he 
lias studied the Squirrels of our collection also , he must have 
overlooked our typical specimens of ridjrirenter. It is a 
Squirrel equal in size to Sciurus Jiippurus and thus much 
smaller than Scinrus bicolor^ the largo rod ears arc fringed 
with numerous jet-black hairs and not naked as in 
hippurus and bicolor. The belly of mdfriccnter always is 
red , what never is the ease in bicolor. Hairs of tail black 
with broad red rings. The skull of rnb)’lve)itrr is jiarrower 
than that of bicolor^ the nasalia being elongated and less 
broad, moreover bicolor has one upper premolar, mean¬ 
while rnbriventer has two upper premolars. 

Hab. Celebes. 

Mounted specimens in the Leyden Museum: 

1. Adult male, Celebes, Forsten. Type of the species. — 
2. x\dult female, Celebes, Modelido, v. Kosenberg, May 

1863. — 3. Adult female, Celebes, Toelabello, 27 April 

1864, V. llosenberg. — 4 and 5. Adult specimens, Cele¬ 
bes, Menado, v. Mussehenbroek, 1877. — 6 Adult fe¬ 
male, Meuado, Teysmann, 1878. 

7. Skull of No 2. 


PNTotes from lire Leyden IMnseum, 


SCIURUS LEUCOMUS. 


129 


Sciurus rosenhergii, 

1879. Sciurus rosenhergii Jentink, Notes from the 
Leyden Museum, I. p. 37. 

There are two upper premolars, the first one is very 
stout for a Squirrel of such a small size. 

Hab. Sanghi-islands. 

Mounted specimens in the Leyden Museum: 

1. Adult male, Sanghi-islands, v. Rosenberg, 7 November 
1864. — 2 and 3. Adult females, Sanghi-islands, v. Ro¬ 
senberg, November 1864. — 4. Adult male, Sanghi-is¬ 
lands, 16 January 1866, Hoedt. — 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9. 
Adult males, Siao, Hoedt, October 1865. — 10. Adult 
male, Siao, November 1865. — 11 and 12. Adult fe¬ 
males, Siao, Hoedt, October 1865. — N®® 1 —13 are the 
typical specimens of the species. — 13 and 14. Adult 
specimens, Sanghi-islands, Frank, 1880. 

15. Skull of N® 4. — 16. Skull of N« 6. — 17. Skull 
of N^ 8. — 18. Skull of NMO.—19. Skull of N*^ 11. — 
20. Skull of N« 13, 

Sciurus steerii, 

1876. Sciurus steerii Gunther. P. Z. S, L. p, 735.pl. 
LXIX. 

The number of upper premolars is unknown. 

Hab. Philippine islands, Balabac, Palawan. 

No specimens in the Leyden Museum. 

Sciurus leucomus, 

1839—1844. Sciurus (Porsten) Muller and Schlegel. 

Yerhandelingen etc. p. 87. 


jNTote^ from the Leyden IMuseum , V. 


SCIURUS SORICINUS. 


l:;o 


1878. Scinrus (euco77nis Anderson Vunnan Expedition, p. 251, 

There are two upper preniolars, the first is very stoutly 
developed. The skeletons present 13 costales, 6 lumbares, 
3 saerales and about 25 caudales (the tails are incomplete). 

Hab. Celebes. 

Mounted specimens in the Leyden Museum: 

1. Adult female, Celebes, Menado, Forsten. —2. Adult 
male. Kema, Forsten. 1 and 2 are the types of the 
species. — 3. Adult male, Menado, Teysmann, 1878. — 4. 
Fullgrown individual, Menado, v. Alusschenbroek, 1877. — 
5. Adult specimen, Celebes, v Duyvenbode, 1866. — 6. 
Adult male, Celebes, Frank, 1876. — 7. Adult specimen, 
Celebes. — 8 Adult male, Celebes, v. Rosenberg, 1865. — 
9 and 10. Adult male and female, Toelabello, 10 May 
1864, V. Rosenberg. — 11. Adult male, Pagowat. — 12. 
Adult male, Panybie, v. Rosenberg, September 1863. — 

13. Adult female, Modelido, May 1863, v. Rosenberg. — 

14. Adult male, Celebes, v, Rosenberg, 1865. — 15. 
Adult female, Celebes, v. Rosenberg, 1865. — 16. Adult 
specimen, Limbotto, v. Musschenbroek, January 1876. — 
The pale spots on the sides of the neck are very good 
developed in 1 — 12, almost invisible in N^s 12—15 
and totally absent in 15 and 16. 

17. Skeleton of an ?dult specimen, Celebes, Forsten, 
1841. — 18. Skeleton of a young individual, Celebes, 
Forsten, 1841. 

19, 20, 21 and 22. Skulls of adult specimens, Celebes, 
Forsten, 1841. — 23. Skull of a nearly fullgrown spe- 
cimeu, Menado, v. Musschenbroek, 1876. — 24. Skull 
of 12. The lower jaws are wanting. — 25. Skull of 
N« 14. 

Scill ru8 soricinus, 

1838. Sniiriis sorivhius Waterhouse. Cat. Mamm. Zool. 
Soc. London, p. 46. 


IXoiCfs from Uic Loyclcn Museum, Vol. 


SCIURUS PREVOSTII. 


131 


1839—1844. Sciurus melanotis S. Muller and Schlegel. 

Verliaudeliugen etc. p. 98. T. 14. fig^ 4 and 5. 
1878. Sciurus soricinus Anderson. Vnniian Expedition, p. 
265. 

There are two upper premolars. Skeleton with 13 costales, 
G lumbares, 2 sacrales and 22 caudales. 

Hab. Sumatra, Banka, Borneo and Java. 

Mounted specimens in the Leyden Museum: 

I. Adult female, Sumatra, Padang, 1837, S. Muller.— 
2. Adult male, Sumatra. — 3. Male, Borneo, Muller. — 
4 Male, Borneo, Pontianak, Diard. — 5. Male, Borneo. 
Banjerraassing, Schwaner. — 6. Female, Borneo, Karau- 
river, Schwaner. — 7. Adiilt specimen, Java, Muller. — 
8. Female, Java, Muller. — 9 and 10. Adult specimens, 
Java. The for this species so characteristic pale neck-spot 
is absent or hardly visible in the Javan-specimens. 

II. Skull of No 8. — 12. Skull of an adult female, 
Borneo, Diard. — 13 and 14. Adult skulls, Java, Boie 
and Macklot. — The lower jaws of 12 and 13 are 
wanting, 

15 and 16. Adult specimens, Banka, Teysmann, 1878. 

17. Skeleton of an adult male, South-Eastern Borneo, 
C. Bock, 1879. 

18. Skull of 15, 

B, Sides of the body with longitudinal stripes. 

Sciurus prevosti ^. 

1820. Sciurus precostii Desmarest. Mammalogie. p. 335. 
1878. Sciurus prevostii Anderson, Yunnan Expedition, p, 
269. 

The different phases of this species have been exposed 
and described by Schlegel and Anderson very clearly and 

N^ote« Ironi tlie L*eyilen ]Mu.seiini, Vol, V. 


13-2 


SCIUUUS PREVOSTII. 


exact; 1 ouly have to add a conspeeies from Bilitou which 
dihers from tlie Banka-form by its redder shoulders; in 
this characteristic it agrees with the Sumatrau-couspecies. 

There are two upper premolars, the first oue is very 
developed. 

Hab. China (Gray), the Malayan Peninsula, Sumatra, 
Banka, Bilitou, Borneo and Celebes. 

Mounted specimens in the Leyden Museum: 

1, 2 and 3. Adult males and female, Malacca, Diard. — 
4, 5 and 6. Adult specimeus, Malacca, Laudauer, 1864. — 
7 , 8 and 9. Adult specimeus, Sumatra , Teysmanu , 1865. — 
10 aud 11. Adult specimens, Sumatra, Lidth de Jeude, 
1866. — 12. Adult specimen, Banka, v. d. Bossche, 
1861. — 13 and 14. Adult male and female, Bilitou, 
Teysmanu, 1877. 15, 16 and 17. Adult male aud 

females, Borneo, Pontianak, Diard. — 18, 19, 20, 21. 
Males and females, Borneo, Kapoeas-river, Schwaner. — 
22. Male, Borneo, Doesou-river, Schwaner. — 23. Adult 
male , Borneo , Lidth de Jeude, 1866. — 24. Adult specimen, 
South-Eastern Borneo, C. Bock, 1879. — 25 Adult male, 
Borneo, Prank, 1880. — 26 aud 27. Adult specimens, 
mainland opposite Labuan, North-Borneo, Frank, 1880. — 
28. Adult male, Celebes, Kema, Forsten. — 29. Adult 
male, Celebes, Meuado, Forsten. — 12 is the type 

of Sclurus prevostii hanfjhanus Schlegel; 15, 16 and 17 

are the type-specimens of Sciurus rafflesii^ var. horneoensis 
Miiller and Schlegel; 18—22 are the type-specimens 

of Sciurus atiucapillus Schlegel; 28 is the type of Sciurus 

erytlirogenys Schlegel {Scldegelii Gray); N° 29 is the type ot 
Sciurus erytliromelas Tcraminck. 

30. Skull of an adult specimen, Sumatra. — 31. vSkull 
of 15. — 32. Skull of N^' 16. — 33. Skull of N" 17. — 
34. Skull of N" 24. — 35, 36, 37 and 38. Skulls of 
adult specimeus, Borneo. 


IVoni the Leyden INIiisetnn, V"ol. V. 


SCIURUS PLANTANI. 


133 


SciuTus plantanL 

1801, Sciurus plantani Ljung. Kon, Vetensk. Ac, N. Hand!, 
p. 99, pi, 1. 

1878, Sciurus vittatus Anderson. Yunnan Expedition, p. 
266; Sciurus plantani Anderson. 1. c. p, 267. 

Although it seems that specimens described as Sciurus 
vittatus prevail on the Indian Continent, in Snmatra, Banka 
and Borneo, meanwhile the Sciurus plantani or nigro-vit- 
tatus is more frequent in Java, they must be regarded as 
mere varieties of the same species. In the first place I 
observe that among the Javan-specimens there are two prin¬ 
cipal modifications of color, viz: specimens with reddish 
nnderparts and a ditto circle round the eyes and others 
where the named parts are slaty black or grey colored; 
that others from the same locality are equally referable 
to both and that the same phenomenon is observed among 
the specimens from Sumatra, Borneo and the Indian Con¬ 
tinent. So we possess two specimens from Canton, China, 
one of which has the underparts of a beautiful red, mean¬ 
while the other has the same parts slaty black; moreorer 
we have a specimen from Nepal with a slaty colored 
belly which cannot be distinguished from the Javaii-speci- 
meus which are colored on the same manner. The pale 
and black side-bands also present many phases of intensity. 

Skeleton with 12 costales, 7 lumbares, 3 sacrales and 
24 caudales. 

There are two upper premolars, the first of which is 
well-developed. 

Hab. China; Nepal and perhaps the whole Indian Con¬ 
tinent eastward Nepal; the Malayan Peninsula, Sumatra. 
Banka, Borneo and Java. Two of our specimens have 
been collected in Celebes, according to the late Teysmann’s 
labels. 


iNotes irom tb.e Leyden. Museum, 'V’cl. V. 


SCIL'KUS PLANTANl. 


134 

Mounted specimens in the Leyden xMuseuin: 

1. Adult female, China, Canton. Lowerparts red, black 
side-stripe very small. — 2. Adult male, China, Canton, 
Witt. Lowerparts slaty black , black side-stripe very broad. — 
3. Adult male, Nepal, Hodgson, Lowerparts slaty black, 
side-stripe colored like back. — 4 and 5. Adult males, 
Malacca, Diard, 1858. Lowerparts red, black side-stripe 
very developed. — 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 and 13. Males 
and females, Sumatra. Lowerparts from brilliant red to pale 
red. — 14, 15 and 16. Adult specimens, Sumatra, Pa- 
daug, Snellemau, 1878. Lowerparts pale red. — 17, 18 
and 19. Adult male and females, Sumatra. Lowerparts 
slaty black, black side-stripe small. — 20, 21, 22 and 
23. Adult specimens, Banka, v. d. Bossche, 1861. Low¬ 
erparts varying from red to pale red. — 24 and 25, 
Adult female and male, Borneo, S. Muller. — 26, 27 
and 28. Adult males and female, Borneo, Banjermassing, 
Schwaner. 24—28 with the underparts red, black side- 

stripe well developed. — 29 and 30. Adult male and fe¬ 
male, Banjermassing, Schwaner. Lowerparts pale reddish 
brown. Black side-stripe small, diminishing. — 31 and 
32. Adult male and female. Southern Borneo, Croocke- 
wit. — 33 and 34. Adult male and female, Borneo, 
Pleyharie’, Semmeliiik, 1866. — 35 till 45. Males and 
females, SoutlnEasteru Borneo, C. Bock, 1879. 

31 — 45 have the lowerparts red to greyish red tinged. — 
45 and 46. Adult males, Celebes, Teysmann, 1878. Un¬ 
derparts red. — 47 till 59. Males and females, West- 
Java, Diard, 1862. Underparts pale red, dark side-stri23e 
more or less intense, its color varies from black to brown¬ 
ish or colored like the back. — 59. Adult, Java,S. Miil- 
ler, 1837. — 60. Adult, Java, Reinwardt. — 61. Adult 
male, Java, Gadok Mountains, Bernstein, 1859. — 62, 
63 and 64. Adult specimens, Java, Junghuhn, 1864. — 
65 till 84. Males and females. West-Java, Diard, 1862.— 
84 till 89. Males and females, Java. — 89. Adult spe¬ 
cimen, Sumatra. 59 — 90 have the lowerparts slaty 

jN'otcs Ironi the Leyden Mnseum, Vol. V, 


SCIURUS MICROTIS. 


135 


black, sometimes feebly reddish tinged , the pale side-stripe 
is very distinct or nearly imperceptible, the dark side-stripe 
is black, sometimes passing into the color of the back.— 
90* Adult male, Java, Paris-Museum, 1868. Lowerparts 
pale red, side-stripe like back. — 91 and 92. Young 
specimens, Java, Reiuwardt. — 93. Adult male, without 
label. 91—94 have the upperparts and tail brownish 

red, dark side-stripe like back, nnderparts pale slaty yel¬ 
low. — 94. Adult female, Java. Side-stripe like back. 
Hindmost part of body yellowish white, uuderparts greyish 
white. — 95. Adult male, Java (in spirits). — 96, 97 
and 98. Young individuals, Java, Groen, 1861 (inspirits). 

99 and 100. Skeletons, Java, Kuhl and v. Hasselt. — 
101. Skeleton, without label. — 102. Skeleton, Sumatra, 
Deli, B. Hagen, 1882. 

103, Skull of No 2. — 104. Skull of N» 4. — 105. 
Skull of N^ 5. 106. Skull of No 12. — 107. Skull of 

Xo 14. — 108. Skull of W 16. — 109. Skull of N^ 
33. — 110. Skull of NO 34. — 111. Skull of N« 35. — 
112. Skull of NO 90. — 113. Skull, China, Canton, Witt. — 
114. Skull, Malacca, Diard — 115. Skull, Java, S. Mul¬ 
ler, 1828. — 116. Skull, Java, Kuhl and v. Hasselt. — 
117. Skull, Java. — 118, 119 and 120. Skulls of adult 
specimens, N. E. Sumatra, Deli, Tandjong Morawa, B. 
Hagen, 1882. 


Sci^i rus microtis, 

1879. Sciuyms (Rheithrosciurus) 7n{crotis 3eniluk. Notes from 
the Leyden Museum. I. p. 41. 

1881. Sciurus microtis .Jentink. Notes from the Le 3 alen 
Museum. III. p. 169. 

Two upper premolars, the first is ver}" good developed. 
Hab. Saleyer-islands, lying south of Celebes. 

Mounted specimens in the Leyden Museum: 

Notes from tlie Leyden Museum, Vol. V, 


13G 


SCIURUS SUBLINEATUi<. 


1, 2, 3, 4j 5 aiul G. Adult males and females, Saleyer- 
islands, Teysmaun, 1878. Types of the species. 

7. Skull of Nn.—8. Skull of No 2.—9. Skull of N*' 3. 

C. Back with longitudinal stripes. 

Sciuriis insignis. 

1820. Sciiirus insignis Desmarest. Mammalogle. Supplement, 

p. 544. 

1824. SciuTus insignis Horsfield. Zool. Res. in .Java. Co¬ 
lored plate and description. 

1878. Sciurus insignis Anderson. Yunnan Expedition, p. 
262. 

There are two upper premolars. 

Hab. Sumatra, Borneo and Java. Malacca and China, 
Canton (fide Anderson. 1. c. p. 263). 

Mounted specimens in the Leyden Museum: 

1. Adult male, Sumatra. — 2. Adult male, Borneo, Diard. 
Sides of the body and outside of legs red brown. — 3. 
Male, Borneo, Diard. — 4. Adult male, Java, S. Muller. — 
5. Adult male, Java, Boie and Macklot. — 6 and 7. 
Young individuals, Java. Colored like 2. — 8. Very 
young specimen, Java, Boie and Macklot. Haunches red. 

9. Skull of No 2. — 10. Skull of an adult specimen, 
Java. 


S r i n r n s sub I i n e a t n 


1838. Sciurus suhlineatus Waterhouse. P. Z. S. L. p. 19. 
1878. Sciurus sublineatus Anderson. Yunnan Expedition, p. 
260. 


There are two upper premolars. Ears not tufted. 


JS^otes from the Leyden Museum, Vol. 


SCIURUS TRISTRIATUS. 


'\31 


Hab. Mountains of Soutberii India and Ceylon (Ander¬ 
son. 1. c.) 

Mounted specimens in the Leyden Museum: 

1, Adult specimen, Bengal, Mounts Ghats, Delessert. 

2. Skull of 1. — 3. Skull of an adult specimen, 
Bengal, Delessert. 


Sciuo'us berdmorei, 

1849. Sciurus berdmorei Blyth. J. A. S. B. p. 603. 

1878. Sciurus berdmorei Anderson. Yunnan Expedition, p. 
261. 

The number of upper premolars hitherto is unknown. 

Hab. Southward through Martaban and Tenasserim to 
Cambodja and Cochin-China (Anderson. 1. c.). 

No specimens in the Leyden Museum. 

Sc iurus tristriatus. 

1837. Sciurus tristriatus Charles worth. Mag. Nat. Hist. p. 
496 (Not seen by me). 

1878. Sciurus tristriatus Anderson. Yunnan Expedition, 
p. 258; Sciurus layardi Anderson. 1. c. p. 260. 

Skeleton with 13 costales, 6 lumbares, 3 sacrales and 
about 20 caudales. There are two upper premolars. The 
pale bands or lines generally stop at certain distance of 
the base of the tail. I think it very probable that further 
investigations will prove that this species is synonymous 
with Sciurus palmarum. 

Hab. Ceylon and Southern India, on the Nilgiris even 
as high as Ootacamund, it has also been obtained in Mid- 


Notes from the Leyden JMnseum, "Vol. V. 


i3S 


SCIURUS PALM ARUM. 


uapore; aud it ranges northward to the Himalaya (An¬ 
derson. 1, e.). 

Mounted specimens in the Leyden Museum: 

1 till 9. Adult and young males aud females, Ceylon, 
Colombo, Diard, 1859. — 9. Adult siieeimen , Colombo, 
Diard, 1859 (in spirits). 

10. Skeleton of an adult specimen, Colombo, Diard, 
1859. 

11. Skull of an adult specimen, Colombo, Diard, 1859. 

Sriur If s p almaru m, 

1776. Sciurus palmarum Linnaeus. Systema Naturae, p. 186, 
1878. Scmriis palmarum Anderson. Yunnan Expedition, 
p. 257. 

There are two upper premolars. The pale lines or bands 
extend from the shoulder to the base of the tail. Skeleton with 
12 costales, 7 lumbares, 3 sacrales aud 25 caudales (Cuvier). 

Hab. Bengal, north-west to the Punjab and southwards to 
Central India (Anderson. 1. c.) and Ceylon (Leyden Museum), 

Mounted specimens in the Leyden Museum: 

1. Adult specimen, Hindoustan. Labeled Sciuruspalma- 
rum by Anderson. — 2. Female, Indian Continent, Zoo¬ 
logical Garden at Amsterdam. — 3. Very young speci¬ 
men , India. — 4. Adult male, Indian Continent, Frank, 
labeled Sciurus layarcli by Anderson. It agrees in all 
respects with Schirus palmarum^ the only difference is 
that the general color is darker. — 5. Adult male, Ben¬ 
gal, Frank. Labeled Sciurus iristriatus by Anderson, al¬ 
though it differs by no means from 4. — 6. Male. 
India. — 7. Male, Ceylon, Colombo, Diard, 1859. Labeled 
Sciurus iristriatus , var. ruficeps by Anderson; the same 
author wrote upon the label: »very different voice from 

ISTotes from, the Leyden IMiiseum, ’Vol. "V. 


RHKlTimOSCIURUS MACROTIS. 


131) 


palmarum.'" I see no difference whatsoever between this 
specimen and the true palmarum. The head of it is not 
redder colored than that part in 4 and 5. 

8. Skull of N" 2. 

SciuTus mcclellandii, 

1839. Sdainis McClellandii Horsfield. P. Z. S. L. p, 152. 
1878. Sciurus madellandi Anderson. Yunnan Expedition, 
p. 263. 

There are two upper premolars. 

Hab. From Nepal and Tibet to the east of China and 
Formosa, and through Assam and Cachar south-eastward 
to Tenasserim and Siam (Anderson. 1. c.). 

Mounted specimens in the Leyden Museum: 

1 and 2. Adult males, China, Tingchow, Swinhoe, 
October 1867. — 3, 4 and 5. Adult specimens, Formosa, 
Swinhoe, March and April 1862. — 6, 7 and 8. Adult 
specimens, Formosa, Verreaux. — 9. Adult individual, 
Nepal, Hodgson. — 10. Adult male, Burma, Tongho, 
Lord Walden, 1869. — 11 and 12. Adult males, Ma¬ 
lacca, Diard, May and December. 

^ 13. Skull of No 7. — 14. Skull of No 9. 

EHEITHROSCIURUS. 

Rheithro sciur us mac r otis» 

1856. Sciurus macrotis Gray. P. Z. S. L. p. 341. pi. XLVI. 
1867. Rheithro sciurus macrotis Gray. Ann. and Mag. Nat. 
Hist. p. 272. 

1878. Sciurus {Rheithrosciurns) macrotis Anderson. Yun¬ 
nan Expedition, p. 277. 

1881. Rheithrosciurns macrotis Jentink. Notes from the 
Leyden Museum. Vol. Ill p. 169. 

There is only a single upper premolar. 

JSTotes from, tlie Leyden IMuscnm, 'Vol. V. 


150 


FUIINOSCIURUS LATICAUDATUS. 


Hab. Borneo, Sarawak. 

No specimen in the Le^^den iluscum. 

RHINOSCIURUS. 

R kino sc ill rus laticaudafu s* 

1839—44. Sciurus laficamhitus Mailer and Schlegel. Ver- 
handelingen over de natuiirljike Gcschiedenis etc. 
Zoologie. p. 100. PI. 15, fig^ 1—3. 

1843. Rhinosciurus Tupaioides Gray. List of the specimens 
etc. p. 195. 

1867. Rhinosciurus tupaoides Gray. Ann. and Mag. Nat. 
Hist. p. 286. 

1878. Sciurus (Rhinosciurus) tupaoides Anderson. Yunnan 
Expedition, p. 274. 

1881. Rhinosciurus laticaudatus Trouessart. Catalogue des 
Rongeurs vivants et fossiles. p. 18. 

Although Anderson has examined the t 3 "pes of Sciurus 
laticaudatus and Rhinosciurus tupaioides (1. c. p. 276) and 
found that they belong to only one species, he gives to 
the species the specific title tupaoides (lege tupaioides) Gray 
and not the elder title laticaudatus Muller and Schlegelj 
I will not specify such an unjust and unscientific act, but 
pass over it in silence. Transiently it must be observed that 
Prof. Schlegel never has travelled in the Indian Archipel¬ 
ago, as Anderson seems to believe (see also p. 262), for 
instance Anderson writes, 1. c. p. 276: »Mnller and Schle¬ 
gel met with it (viz: with Sciurus laticaudatus) in that island 
(viz : in Borneo) , along the banks of the rivers (lege: liver) 
Barito or Doeson and in the mountain jungle.” Remark¬ 
ably enough S. Miiller and Schlegel stated that this species 
has not been found along the banks of the river Baritto 
or Doeson and that its distribution consequently seems 
to be very restrict! 

I add to the observations made by Muller and Schlegel, 

Nolew from the Leyden Museum, Vol. V. 


RHINOSCIURUS LATICAUDATUS. 


141 


Milue Edwards and Audersou that in this species the two 
upper premolars and also the lower one are remarkable in 
account of their large size and that the skeleton presents 
12 costales, 7 lumbares, 2 sacrales and about 22 caudales. 

Hab. Borneo and the Malayan Peninsula. 

Mounted specimens in the Leyden Museum: 

1. Adult female, W. Borneo, Pontianak, Diard, 1827. 
The type of the species. — 2 and 3. Adult males, Pon¬ 
tianak, Diard, 1827. 

4. Skeleton of 1. 

5. Skull of 2. 

AFRICAN SQUIRRELS. 

As to the African Squirrels I refer to my Monograph 
of that group, published in the ))Notes from the Leyden 
Museum, 1882. p. p. 1—53.” I only add the acquisitions 
received since that publication. 

Sciurus annulatus Desmarest. 

14. Adult female, Senegal, H. von Maltzan, 1881 (in 
spirits). 

Sciurus poensis Smith. 

15 and 16. Male and female, Gold-Coast, Elmina, v. 
d. Bossche, 1861 (in spirits). 

Sciurus pyry^opus Cuvier. 

23. Skull, Gold-Coast, Nagtglas, 1861. 

Xerus erythopus Et. Geoffr. St. Hilaire. 

23. Adult female, Liberia, Grand Cape Mount, 10 
August 1881, Biittikofer. — 24, Young specimen, Se¬ 
negal, H. von Maltzan, 1881 (in spirits). 

25. Skull of N« 23. 

JSoles from the Leyden IVIiiseiiin, Vol. 


U2 


RECAPITULATION. 





>T3 ■ 





A in p rica n S q u i rr el s. 

OJ 

Crt 

s .s 

O 


O 

<n 






in 

C/3 

1. 

Sciiiinis 

hudsonius Pallas. . 

12 


\ 

5 

2 

» 

fossor Peale. 

7 

1 

1 

3 

3. 

» 

niger Catesby. 

13 



2 

4. 

» 

aherti Woodliouse . 

2 



2 

5. 

» 

cavolinensis Gineliu. 

21 



10 

6. 

» 

variegatus Erxlebeii. . 

39 



10 

7. 

» 

strainineus Eiuloux. 

2 



2 

8. 

» 

variahilis Is Geoffrey. 

21 ' 



7 

9. 

» 

chrgsuTOS Pueberan 

4 1 


3 

10. 


aestiians Linnaeus. 

16 i 

1 

6 




137 

1 

50 

Ew 

^ope an 

and Asiatic Squirrels. 




1. 

Sciu7m.s 

indie us Erxleben. . 

1 4 

1 

2 

2 

» 

giganteiis McClelland. . . 

3 ' 


1 

3. 

» 

hieolor Sparrmann , . . 

16 ; 

2 

4 

4. 

» 

alhiceps Desinarest . . 

29 

1 


8 

5. 


zeylanicns Ray. 

7 


2 

6. 

» 

eulgaris Linnaeus. . 

31 

1 

1 

1 

7. 

» 

lis Temminck. 

3 



2 

8. 

» 

syriacus Elirenberg. 

11 


1 

4 

9. 


alstoni Anderson. . . 





10. 

» 

hippurus Is. G. St. Hilaire. 

7 



1 

11. 

» 

einjthraeus Pallas. . 

7 



2 

12. 

» 

lohroides Hodgson . . . 

4 



3 

13. 

» 

lohriali Hodgson. 

2 



1 

14. 

» 

pernyi A. Milne Edwards. 





15. 

» 

daeidianus Milne Edwards. 

1 



1 

16. 

» 

eaniceps Gray. 

5 



4 

17. 

» 

atrodorsalis Gray. . 

6 



1 

18. 

» 

quinquestriatus Anderson . 





19. 

>/ 

castaneoventris Gray. . 

3 



1 



Iran sport . 

139 

1 

5 

38 


oS^otew irom tUe Ley<leri IVIiiKeiini, A^ol. . 


























143 











« • 

2 .2 

O 2 

to 

’S 

^ CO 

C3 

3 




.2 CO 

rjl 


m 



Transport . 

139 

1 

5 

38 

20. 

Sciuruspi/ger^thrus Is. G. St.Hilaire. 

4 



1 

21. 

» 

diardii Jentink. 

1 



1 

22. 

» 

tenuis Horsfield. 

15 



1 

23. 

y> 

murinus Muller a. Schlegel. 

5 



3 

24. 

» 

exilis Muller. 

6 

1 

1 

1 

25. 

» 

ruhriventer Muller a. Schle- 




1 



gel. 

6 



1 

26. 

» 

rosenhergii Jentink . . , 

14 



6 

27. 


steerii Gunther. 





28. 

» 

leueomiis Muller and Schle- 







gel. 

16 


2 

7 

29. 

» 

so7nci7ius Waterhouse. . 

12 


1 

5 

30. 

» 

prevostii Desmarest . 

29 



5 

31. 

» 

pla7itani Ljung. 

94 

4 

4 

18 

32. 

» 

mic7'otis Jentink .... 

6 



3 

33. 

» 

insignis Desmarest. . 

8 



2 

34. 

y> 

suhlineatus Waterhouse. 

1 



2 

35. 

» 

berdmorei Blyth .... 





36. 

» 

tristriatus Charlesworth 

8 

1 

1 

1 

37. 

» 

pal7ifia7'U7n Linnaeus. 

7 



1 

38. 


7nvclellandii Horsfield. . 

12 



2 

39. 

Rheithrosciurus macrotis Gray. 





40. 

Rhhiosciurus laticaudatus Miiller 






and Scblegel. 

3 


1 

1 



386 

7 

15 

99 


A fr lean Sq ii i rrel s. 




1. 

Sciuriis stangeri Waterhouse. . 

11 



7 

2. 

» 

ehii Teiuminck. 

2 



2 

3. 

» 

aubinnii Gray. 

6 



3 

4. 

)) 

rufo-hi^achiatus Waterhouse. 

18 



6 

5. 

» 

palliatus Peters. 







Transport. 

37 


18 


JN'otcs from the Leyden INIusettm, Vol. 'V'. 






















lU 




a 

o c 
= 'S 

05 

‘C 

-t-3 

O O) 
oj C 

05* 



O 

‘S. 

Jji ® 

CO 



Transport . 

37 



18 

6. Sciurus mutahilis Peters. . . . : 





7. » 

shirensis Gray. 





8. » 

punctatus Temminck. . 

10 

2 


5 

9. » 

annulatus Desmarest. . 

10 

1 


3 

10. » 

ccpapi Smith. 

3 



2 

11. » 

poensis Smith. 

12 

2 


2 

12. » 

minutus Du Chaillu. . 





IB. » 

pprropus F. Cuvier. 

15 

3 


5 

14. » 

congicus Kuhl. 

2 



1 

15. » 

lemniscatus Le Conte. . 

2 



2 ■ 

16. » 

getulus Gessner .... 

2 



1 1 

17. Xerus 

rutilus Cretzschmar . 

5 


1 


18. » 

ergthopus E. G. St. Hilaire. 

15 

3 

1 

1 6 

19. » 

capejisis Kerr. 

2 



1 2 



115 

11 

1 

52 

American Squirrels. 

137 


1 

50 

Asiatic and European Squirrels. 

386 

7 

15 

99 

African Squirrels. 

115 

11 

1 

52 



638 

18 

17 

201 


NotoK Iroivi llie Leyden iMnsenni, "Vol. V, 




















