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CIHM/ICMH 

Microfiche 

Series. 


CIHIVI/ICMH 
Collection  de 
microfiches. 


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Canadian  Institute  for  Historical  Microreproductions  /  Institut  Canadian  de  microreproductions  historiques 


Technical  and  Bibliographic  Notoa/Notaa  tachniquaa  at  bibliographiquaa 


Tha  Inatituta  haa  atta^nptad  to  obtain  tha  baat 
original  copy  avaiiabia  for  filming.  Faaturaa  of  thia 
copy  which  may  ba  bibliographieally  uniqua, 
which  may  altar  any  of  tha  imagaa  in  tha 
raproduction.  or  which  may  significantly  changa 
tha  usual  mathod  of  filming,  ara  chackad  balow. 


□   Colourad  covara/ 
Couvarturo  da  coulaur 


r~n   Covara  damagad/ 


D 


D 
D 


0 
D 


D 


D 


Couvartura  andommagia 


Covara  raatorad  and/or  laminatad/ 
Couvartura  raatauria  at/ou  palliculAa 


□   Covar  titia  miaaing/ 
La 


titra  da  couvartura  manqua 


Colourad  mapa/ 

Cartaa  gAographiquaa  an  coulaur 


Colourad  ink  (i.a.  othar  than  blua  or  black)/ 
Encra  da  coulaur  (i.a.  autra  qua  blaua  ou  noira) 


rn   Colourad  plataa  and/or  illuatrationa/ 


Planchaa  at/ou  illuatrationa  ft  coulaur 


Bound  with  othar  matarial/ 
RalM  avac  d'autraa  documanta 


Tight  binding  may  cauaa  shadowa  or  diatortion 
along  intarior  margin/ 

Laroliura  sarria  paut  cauaar  da  I'ombra  ou  da  la 
diatoralon  la  long  da  la  marga  int6ri«ura 

Blank  laavaa  addad  during  raatoration  may 
appaar  within  tha  taxt.  Whanavar  poaaibla.  thasa 
hava  baan  omittad  from  filming/ 
II  aa  paut  qua  cartainaa  pagaa  blanchaa  ajout^aa 
iora  d'una  raatauratlon  apparaiaaant  dana  la  taxta, 
mala,  loraqua  cala  itait  poaaibla,  caa  pagaa  n'ont 
paa  «t4  filmAaa. 

Additional  commanta:/ 
Commantairaa  supplAmantairaa; 


Tha 
to  til 


L'Inatltut  a  microfilmi  la  maillaur  axamplaira 
qu'il  lui  a  *ti  possibia  da  sa  procurer.  Laa  ditaiis 
da  cat  axamplaira  qui  sont  paut-Atra  uniquas  du 
point  da  vua  bibliographiqua.  qui  pauvant  modifiar 
una  imaga  raproduita.  ou  qui  pauvant  axigar  una 
modification  dana  la  m^thoda  normala  da  filmaga 
sont  indiquia  ci-daaaoua. 


□  Colourad  pagaa/ 
Pagaa  da  coulaur 


Pagaa  damagad/ 


I I   Pagaa 


n 


andommag^aa 


□   Pagas  raatorad  and/or  laminatad/ 
Pagaa  raataurAaa  at/ou  pailiculAas 

0   Pagaa  diacolourad.  stainad  or  foxad/ 
Pagaa  dAcolorAas.  tachatias  ou  piquies 

□   Pagaa  datachad/ 
Pagaa  dAtachias 

0Showthrough/ 
Tranaparanca 

□   Quality  of  print  variaa/ 
Qualiti  InAgala  da  I'impraasion 

□   Includaa  supplamantary  matarial/ 
Comprand  du  matirial  suppMmantaira 

□   Only  adition  avaiiabia/ 
Saula  Mition  disponibia 


Tha 
poai 
oftt 
film 


Orig 

bagi 

tha 

aion 

oths 

first 

sion 

or  11 


Tha 
ahal 
TINI 
whit 

Map 

diffi 

antl 

bag 

right 

raqu 

mati 


Pagaa  wholly  or  partially  obscured  by  errata 
slips,  tissuaa.  etc.,  have  been  refilmed  to 
enaura  tha  beat  possible  image/ 
Lee  pagae  totalament  ou  partiellement 
obacurciae  par  un  fauillet  d'errata.  una  pelure, 
etc.,  ont  At*  fiimies  i  nouveau  da  fapon  i 
obtanir  la  mailleure  imaga  possibia. 


This  item  Is  filmed  at  tha  reduction  ratio  checked  below/ 

Ce  document  est  film*  au  taux  da  reduction  indiqu*  ci-deeaous. 


10X 

14X 

18X 

22X 

26X 

30X 

y 

tax 


1IX 


aox 


24X 


28X 


32X 


The  copy  film«d  h«ra  hat  bean  raproducad  thsnka 
to  tha  ganaroaity  of: 

National  Library  of  Canada 


L'axamplaira  filmA  fut  raprodult  grica  h  la 
gAnAroait*  da: 

BibliothAqua  nationala  du  Canada 


Tha  imagaa  appaaring  hara  ara  tha  baat  quality 
poaaibia  conaidaring  tha  condition  and  lagibility 
of  tha  original  copy  and  in  Icaaping  with  tha 
filming  contract  apacificationa. 


Laa  imagaa  aulvantaa  ont  6tA  raproduitaa  avac  la 
plua  grand  aoin,  compta  tanu  da  la  condition  at 
da  la  nattatA  da  l'axamplaira  film*,  at  an 
conformity  avac  laa  conditiona  du  contrat  da 
filmaga. 


Original  copiaa  In  printad  papar  covara  ara  fllmad 
baginning  with  tha  front  covar  and  anding  on 
tha  laat  paga  with  a  printad  or  llluatratad  impraa- 
aion,  or  tha  back  covar  whan  approprlata.  All 
othar  original  copiaa  ara  fllmad  baginning  on  tha 
f  irat  paga  with  a  printad  or  llluatratad  Impraa- 
aion,  and  anding  on  tha  laat  paga  with  a  printad 
or  llluatratad  impraaaion. 


Tha  laat  racordad  frama  on  aach  microficha 
ahali  contain  tha  aymbol  ^^  (moaning  "CON- 
TINUED"), or  tha  aymbol  Y  (moaning  "END"), 
whichavar  appilaa. 


Laa  axamplairaa  originaux  dont  la  couvartura  an 
papiar  aat  Imprimte  aont  filmte  an  comman9ant 
par  la  pramlar  plat  at  an  tarminant  aoit  par  la 
darnlAra  paga  qui  comporta  una  amprainta 
d'Impraaaion  ou  d'llluatratlon,  aoit  par  la  sacond 
plat,  aalon  la  cat.  Toua  ]aa  autraa  axamplairaa 
originaux  aont  filmte  an  commanpant  par  la 
pramlira  paga  qui  comporta  una  amprainta 
d'Impraaaion  ou  d'llluatration  at  an  tarminant  par 
la  darnlAra  paga  qul^ comporta  una  talla 
amprainta. 

Un  daa  aymboiaa  aulvanta  apparaftra  aur  la 
darniAra  imaga  da  chaqua  microficha,  aalon  la 
caa:  la  aymbola  — »*  algnlf la  "A  SUIVRE".  la 
aymbola  ▼  algnlfia  "FIN". 


Mapa,  piataa,  charta,  ate,  may  ba  fllmad  at 
diffarant  raduction  ratloa.  Thoaa  too  larga  to  ba 
antlraly  includad  In  ona  axpoaura  ara  fllmad 
baginning  in  tha  uppar  iaft  hand  cornar,  laft  to 
right  and  top  to  bottom,  aa  many  framaa  aa 
raquirad.  Tha  following  diagrama  llluatrata  tha 
mathod: 


Laa  cartaa,  planchaa,  tablaaux,  ate.,  pauvant  Atra 
fllmte  A  daa  taux  da  reduction  diff Aranta. 
Loraqua  la  documant  aat  trop  grand  pour  Atra 
raprodult  an  un  aaul  cllchA,  11  aat  f  ilm6  A  partir 
da  I'angla  aupAriaur  gaucha,  da  gaucha  A  drolta, 
at  da  haut  an  baa,  an  pranant  la  nombra 
d'Imagaa  nAcaaaaira.  Laa  diagrammaa  auivanta 
iliuatrant  la  mAthoda. 


32X 


1 

2 

3 

1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

CHIP 


THE  7T'i  C 

THE  CI 

MIS 


"7th 

ycnrs  < 
to  the 
ncrnsi  < 
Prciild 
usual 


THE  REPORl 
INrEf 


THE  R] 


HALF-BREED    SCRIP. 


CHIPPEWAS  OF  LAKE  SUPERIOR. 


THE  CORRESPONDENCE  AND  ACTION 


UNDER 


THE  /T"  CLAUSE  OF  THE  2'^  ARTICLE  OF  THE  TREATY  WITH 

THE  CHIPPEWA  INDIAJ^S  OF  LAKE  SUPERIOR  AND  THE 

MISSISSIPPI,  CONCLUDED  AT  LA  POINTE,  IN  THE 

STATE  OF  WISCONSIN,  SEPTEMBER  30, 1854, 

WHICH  CLAUSE  IS  AS  FOLLOWS,  VIZ : 


"7th.  Eacb  head  of  a  family  or  single  person  over  twenty-one 
ycnrii  of  age  at  the  present  time,  of  tbe  mixcd-blooda,  belonginK 
to  tbe  Cblppewas  of  liakc  Superior,  sball  be  entitled  to  elKbty 
ncri's  of  land,  to  be  selected  by  them  under  the  direction  of  the 
PrcNident,  and  which  shall  be  secured  to  them  by  patent  in  the 
usual  form ; " 

INCLUDING 


THE  REPORT  OF  THE  COMMISSION  APPOINTED  BY  THE  SECRETARY  OF  THE 
INTERIOR,  APRIL  21,  1871,  COMPOSED  OF  HENRY  S.  NEAL, 
SELDEN  N.  CLARK,  EDWARD  P.  SMITH, 
AND  R.  F.  CROWELL; 


'i-i^J'.'^k  ":,■'■'-■•■  ^..  if 


'  ■■■'}-l^''''i:''yiSU'n.':'.^r   ■ 


AMD 


THE  REPORT  OF  THE  COMMISSION  APPOINTED  JULY  15,  1872, 

COMPOSED  OF  THOMAS  C.  JONES,  P^DWARD  P. 

SMITH,  AND  DANA  E.  KING. 


WASHINGTON: 

OOYEBNMENT    FEINTING    OFFICE. 

1874. 


. ./  ■ ' 


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LETTEU  F 

ke.solut: 

ISSl'AXCE 
I.\G   TO    ' 
FERRED 
BE  i'KIXT 


Sir:  I  li 
House  reso 

Utsolml,  Til 
Houst)  tlic  foil 
or  mixed-bloc 
tliiiise  of  tlie 
Indians  of  I/a 

First.  Tho  ii 
parties  to  who 

ffccoiid.  Tho 
ivlioseapiilifai 

Tliinl.  Tlio  1 
the  (liitt!  of  sai 

Eoiirtli.  A   ( 
parties  to  wlu 
trilie,  and  all 
ani!  loeatioii  o; 

Fifth.  A  cop 

persons  author 

Mid  lialf-hrei'd 

•late  of  their  h 

I  Wiiefits  of  sail 

Sixth.  The  n 

and  to  siibir 

I  inclose  { 

(lilted  Marcl 

I  partmeut  rel 

I  of  the  treatj 

Also  a  rep 

i"*taiit,  inch 

ealled  for  by 


^\ 


•♦fi. 


[House  Ex.  Doc.  193,  42»1  Congress,  2tl  session.] 
CHIPPEWA  HALF-BREEDS  OF  LAKE  SUPERIOR. 


li:tteu  from  the  secretary  of  the  interior,  in  answer  to  a 
kesolution  of  the  house  of  december  20,  1871,  relative  to  the 
issuance  of  scrip  to  the  half-breeds  or  mixed-bloods  belong. 
ixg  to  the  chippewas  of  lake  superior.  march  15,  1872.  re- 
ferred to  the  committee  on  indian  affairs  and  ordered  to 

BE  riJINTED. 


Department  of  the  Interior, 

WmhingtoH,  D.  C,  March  12, 1872.  ' 

Sir  :  I  have  the  honor  to  acknowledge  the  receipt  of  the  following 
Hou.se  re.solntiou,  dated  December  20, 1871 : 

l'e$oht(l,  That  tlio  Secretary  of  the  Interior  be  requested  to  communicate  to  this 
Hoiiso  tlie  toUowiug  information  in  relation  to  tlie  issuance  of  scrip  to  tlie  lialf-brieds 
or  mixed-bloods  belonging  to  the  Cliippewas  of  Lake  Superior,  under  the  seventh 
(liuise  of  the  secoiul  article  of  the  treaty  of  September  30,  1854,  with  the  Chippewa 
Indians  (if  l^ake  Superior  and  the  Mississippi,  viz : 

Fiist,  The  number  of  pieces  of  scrip  of  eighty  acres  each,  and  the  names  of  the 
[larties  to  whom  issued. 

Si'cniul.  The  number  and  names  of  applicants  to  whom  no  scrip  has  been  issued, 
whose  applications  are  now  on  tile. 

Tliiid.  The  population  of  the  Chippewas  of  Lake  Superior,  and  where  located  at 
the  (late  of  said  treaty. 

Fniirtli.  A  copy  of  said  scrip,  tlie  manner  of  locating  the  same,  whether  by  tlm 
parties  to  whom  it  was  issued  or  by  otliers,  whether  located  npon  lands  ceded  by  said 
Irilie,  and  all  decisions  of  the  Department  of  the  Interior  in  relation  to  the  issuance 
am!  loeation  of  said  scrip. 

Fifth.  A  copy  of  all  reports  to  the  Indian  Otftco  or  Department  of  the  Interior  of 
pirsons  authorized  to  investigate  any  matters  relating  to  the  apitlications  for  scrip  of 
said  halflu'eeds  or  mixed-bloods,  where  said  balf-breeds  or  mixed-bloods  resided  at  the 
(late  of  their  said  applications,  and  whether  parties  other  than  those  entitled  to  the 
benefits  of  said  treaty  have  received  scrip ;  and, 

Sistii.  The  number  of  acres  of  land  for  which  said  scrip  has  been  issued — 

and  to  submit  the  following  report : 

I  inclose  a  copy  of  a  letter  from  the  Commissioner  of  Indian  Afiairs, 
ilated  March  8,  1872,  giving  a  detailed  history  of  the  action  of  the  De- 
partiueiit  relative  to  the  siibject-niatter  of  your  resolution,  from  the  date 
ot  the  treaty  of  September  30,  1854,  down  to  the  present  time. 

Also  a  report  from  the  Commissioner  of  Indian  Affairs,  nnder  date  Oth 
iistaiit,  inclosing  copies  of  statements,  lists,  reports,  and  documents 
1  tallwl  for  by  your  resolution. 


.  ••i;'*^^.^^'.:  riff 

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IVrtu , 


4  CHIPPEWA   HALF-BREEDS   OF   LAKE    SUPERIOR. 

« 

Tlu'  subject  of  the  issue  of  the  land-scrip,  under  the  seventh  clause  of 
the  second  article  of  the  treaty  of  3()th  September,  1854,  with  the  Chip. 
]iewa8  of  Lake  Superior  and  the  MissisHippi,  was  being  investiji;aui(l  nt 
the  time  of  the  passaj'e  of  your  resolution,  by  a  commission  coiisistiii;' 
of  Hon.  Henry  S.  Neal,  of  Ohio ;  R.  F.  Crowell,  of  Miniu»sota ;  aud 
]\I>i  jor  E.  P.  Smith,  Indian  agent  for  the  Ohippewas  of  Lake  Snporioi. 

The  report  of  a  majority  of  that  commission,  and  a  statenu>nt  of  Mr, 
Crowell,  non  concurring  with  the  rejjort,  are  herewith  submitted. 

Very  respectfully,  vour  obedient  servant, 
'■''■■  C.  DELANO, 

■     I  ■  ■  •  '  iSaretary. 

Hon.  Jas.  G.  Blaine,  .. 

itlpeaker  Houne  of  Representatives.  '        ii 


'"     ' '         .^  '•  Department  op  the  Interior,  ';' 

.    '     '  :    '  '  '  Office  of  Indian  Affairs,        ' 

Washington,  D.  C,  March  8, 187:!. 

Sir  :  Eeferriug  to  Department  letter  of  the  27th  November  ultimo, 
iu(-1osiug  a  communication  from  the  Commissioner  of  the  General  Land- 
Olttce,  having  relation  to  frauds  connected  with  the  issuance  of  Chip- 
pewa half-breed  scrip,  I  have  tiie  honor  to  submit  the  following  report 
npon  the  subject,  reciting  for  yimr  information  a  complete  history  of  all 
important  ofticial  action  had  relative  thereto,  together  with  the  views  ot 
this  Oflice  as  to  the,  most  proper  method  of  disposing  of  the  entire 
matter. 

Uniler  date  of  September  30, 1854,  a  treaty  was  concluded  at  k 
Pointe,  in  the  State  of  "Wisconsin,  between  commissioners  on  the  part 
of  the  United  States  and  the  Chippewa  Indians  of  Lake  Superior  aud 
the  Mississippi,  represented  by  their  chiefs  aud  head-men,  by  the  toruifi 
of  the  seventh  clause  y.*'  the  second  article  of  which  it  was  providt'd 

lUat  --',.■,!,■  nil'       ;  '  'Hi  I      I  :"'■  '    SMl  I,  ^  .      1  '    '  i  I    • ;  f  ',       .    '   '  ,      (    ! 

Each  head  of  a  family  or  sinjjle  person  over  twenty-one  years  of  age  at  the  present 
time,  of  the  mixed-bloods,  belonginj?  to  the  Chijtpewas  of  Lake  Superior,  shall  be  enti- 
tled to  eighty  acres  of  land,  to  be  selected  by  them,  under  the  direction  of  the  Presi- 
dent, and  which  shall  be  secured  to  them  by  patent  in  the  usual  form. 

In  a  letter  to  this  Office,  dated  May  4, 1855,  H.  C.  Gilbert,  esq.,  theu 
United  States  agent  for  these  Indians,  inclosed  a  copy  of  a  conniiuuica 
tion  received  by  him  from  certain  Chippewa  half-breeds,  claimauts  to 
lands  under  the  article  and  clause  of  the  treaty  aforesaid. 

In  response  thereto,  this  Oflice,  on  the  25th  of  the  same  mouth,  ad- 

.  dressed  a  letter  to  Agent  Gilbert,  instructing  him  to  report  the  number 

of  persons  entitled  to  claim  laud  under  the  provision  of  said  treaty  just 

recited.  These  instructions  w  ere  repeated  in  Office-letter  of  June  5, 1855. 

June  9, 1855,  Agent  Gilbert  responded,  asking  instructions  as  totbe 
correct  construction  to  be  placed  upou  said  seventh  clause  of  the  treaty, 
to  guide  him  in  preparing  the  required  list. 

June  15, 1855,  this  Office  replied  that  the  following  classes  of  persous 
were  entitled  :  '•  Each  head  of  a  family  or  single  person  over  tweuty  oue 
years  of  age — females  over  twenty-one  being  single  persons,  as  well  as 
widows  heads  of  families ;"  aud,  further,  that  the  term  "  mixed  bloods' 
had  been  construed  to  include  all  persous  identified  as  having  a  uiixtme 
of  Indian  and  white  blood. 

November  21,  1855,  Agent  Gilbert  transmitted  the  required  list,  witli 
the  statement  that  it  had  beeu  "  prepared  with  much  care,  and  contaius 


i  •'"'•'« 


CHIPPEWA   HALF-BREEDS   OP   LAKE   SUPERIOR. 


5 


DO  nnriios  bnt  such  ns,  in  my  jiidp;ment,  are  clenrly  entitled  to  the  benefit 
of  tli*i  provision  referred  to.  Some  have,  doubtU^ss,  not  yet  reported' 
tbemsplves;  bnt  the  list  cannot  be  very  materially  increased."  This  list 
cdiitniiis  two  hundred  and  seventy-eight  names. 

On  tlie  17th  of  February,  18i)<),  Agent  Gilbert,  who  was  then  in  Wash- 
in;'toii,  in  acknowledging  the  receipt  of  a  copy  of  Oflice  report  to  the 
then  Secretary  of  the  Interior,  on  the  9th  of  same  month,  having  refer- 
(lu't'  to  the  subject  of  selecitions  under  the  treaty  of  1854,  suggested  to 
tlieOnif'c  the  propriety  of  issuing  <!ertiHcatea  to  persons  entitled  to  land 
uiuUt  the  seventli  clause  of  the  second  article  of  said  treaty,  and  inclosed 
a  form  which  he  proposed  for  such  certificates. 

The  letter  of  Agent  Gilbert  was  referred  by  this  Ofilce  to  the  T>epart- 
ineiit  on  the  10th  February,  1850,  with  the  recommendation  that  the 
views  of  the  agent  be  concurred  in,  and  the  proposed  form  of  certificate 
iipproved. 

On  the  following  day  the  subject  was  referred  by  the  Department  to 
tlie  Commissioner  of  the  General  Land-Offlce  for  his  views  and  opinion. 

lion.  T.  A.  Hendricks,  then  Commissioner  of  the  General  Land-Ortice, 
u'tunied  the  papers  on  the  23d  of  February,  with  a  statement  of  his 
objections  to  the  issue  of  certificates  or  scrip  in  any  form,  as  not  provide«l 
for  in  the  treaty  nor  anthorized  by  any  law,  and  expressed  the  belief 
tlwt  the  plan,  if  adopted  even  temporarily,  would  be  fraught  with  many 
evil  results.  In  his  opinion  the  treaty  contemplated  ownership  and  pos- 
session by  the  Indians  personally,  and  was  designed  to  guard  against 
any  transfer  of  his  rights  before  the  issuing  of  the  patent.  It  was  added 
that,  in  any  event,  the  patent  should  issue  to  the  reservees  themselves, 
and  not  to  assignees. 

On  the  3d  of  March,  1856,  this  communication,  together  with  the  letter 
of  Agent  Gilbert,  was  transmitted  to  this  Office,  the  following  words  be- 
ing indorsed  on  the  wrapper:  "  Sec'y  remarks,  'Let  mem's be  given  In's 
ns  proposed,  but  with  clause  exi)re8sly  and  decidedly  vs.  any  transfer, 
mortgage,  &c.  Patent  be  issued  to  the  Indiana,  not  in  any  wise  to 
iuiue  to  the  benefit  of  any  one  but  the  Ind.  and  his  heirs." 

This  Office,  in  a  report  to  the  Department  under  date  of  March  12, 
1850,  again  recommended  the  issuance  of  scrip  as  the  most  practicable 
method  of  disposing  6f  the  half-breed  claims,  using  therein  the  follow- 
iuj,'  language : 

Iti»  siini»ly  inipossiblo  for  tbc80  locations  to  be  inarle  by  the  Indian  agent;  the 
partios  aro  ncattjinid  over  a  wide  extent  of  country,  and  their  locations,  instead  of 
briiijj;coiiliiied  to  tlio  leservations  Hpecilied  in  tlio  treaty,  as  tlio  Coinmissiouer  [of  the 
Giiii'ial  Laud-Ortlce]  Hecnis  to  suppose,  cannot  bo  made  within  them  .at  all,  but  will 
miiloubtt'dly  l)o  spread  over  a  part  of  Michigan,  Wisconsin,  and  Minnesota,  thus  malt- 
ing it  impracticable  for  tlio  agent  to  malve  tlie  selections. 

In  this  letter  was  inclosed  a  form  of  certificate,  to  be  issued  by  the 
agent  to  I  lie  half-breeds  entitled  to  land,  should  the  same  be  approved 
by  the  Department.  The  Secretary  of  tlie  Interior  approved  the  views 
of  this  Office,  and  the  form  of  the  scrip  proposed  to  be  issued  having 
also  heen  subsequently  approved  by  him,  Agent  Gilbert  was  directetl 
to  issue  the  same  to  the  parties  entitled  thereto, 

Question  having  subsequently  been  made  as  to  the  persons  legally 
entitled  to  the  benefits  of  the  treaty,  this  Oiifice,  in  a  report  to  the  De- 
partment, dated,  July  8,  1856,  construed  the  treaty  to  mean  only  such 
"mixed-bloods of  Chippewasof  Lake  Snperior  as  resided  among  or 
contiguous  to  the  various  bands  of  those  Indians,  as  distinguished  from 
the  Chippewas  of  Michigan  and  the  Chippewas  of  the  Mississippi."  To 
this  report  the  Hon.  R.  B.  McClelland,  then  Secretary  of  the  Interior, 


'.  *.'■'  • 


6  CHIPPEWA   HALF-BREEDS   OF   LAKE   SUPERIOR. 

roplitMl  July  10, 1850,  that  the  Department  sliould  be  a8  liberal  in  cirrv- 
ing  into  cttt'ct  the  stipnlations  of  the  second  article  of  the  treaty  of  18,14 
as  tlie  terms  thereof  wouhl  admit ;  that  the  Indian  Bureau  understood 
^\'hat  was  intended,  and  that  intention  should  be  fully  carried  out  with. 
out  any  regard  for  mere  technicalities.  Thus  the  Secretary  made  no 
definite  decision,  but  left  the  matter  practically  discretionary  with  this 
Ortice,  and  the  a|iplications  of  all  parties  who  did  not  come  within  the 
construction  above  recited  were  rejected. 

November  29, 1850,  this  Ottice  addressed  a  communication  to  Agent 
Gilbert,  directing  him  to  forward  without  delay  a  list  of  the  nauiesof 
mixed-bloods  to  whom  be  had  issued  certittcates,  with  the  several  dates 
of  such  issues. 

December  10, 1850,  Agent  Gilbert  acknowledged  the  receipt  of  this 
letter,  and  forwarded  a  list  containing  the  names  of  all  persons  to  whom 
certificates  had  been  issued  prior  to  the  1st  of  that  month.  Of  tiiese 
there  were  two  hundred  and  forty-six  to  whom  certificates  had  heeii 
issued  under  date  of  May  10, 1850,  the  numbers  corresponding,  the  ageut 
remarks,  "  with  those  on  the  list  of  persons  entitled,  heretofore  trans- 
mitted to  the  Indian  Office  at  Washington,"  referring  unquestionably  to 
the  list  of  two  hundred  and  seventy-eight  persous  transmitted  by  him 
under  date  of  November  21, 1855. 

The  list  also  contains  the  names  of  twenty-eight  persons  numbered 
from  279  to  300  inclusive,  to  whom  the  agent  states  that  certificiites 
were  issued  during  the  annuity  payment  of  1850,  being  persous  who 
had  an  undoubted  right  to  land  under  the  provisions  of  the  treaty,  the 
several  dates  of  the  certificates  being  between  September  8  and  Septem- 
ber 10, 1850.  This  list  was  sent  to  the  General  Land-Office  December 
17, 1850.  To  the  number  on  this  list  the  agent  desired  that  the  names 
ef  Louison  Demarais's  childreu  (being  six  persons)  should  be  added, 
which  would,  in  his  opinion,  complete  the  number  entitled  to  land  under 
the  treaty.  He  th^  adds  that  there  are  several  persons  on  the  list  to 
whom  he  had  not  issued  certificates,  because  he  had  not  seen  them  and 
did  not  know  their  address. 

Afterward,  under  date  of  September  3, 1857,  Hon.  H.  M.  Rice,  in  a 
communication  to  this  Office,  presented  the  claims  of  Elizabeth  and 
Theodore  Borup,  and  Sophia  Champliu,  for  land  ufider  the  provisions  of 
the  seventh  clause  of  the  second  article  of  the  treaty  aforesaid,  which  com- 
munication was  transmitted  to  the  then  Acting  Secretary  of  the  luterior, 
with  a  report  dated  July  20,  1858,  in  which  the  construction  placed  by 
this  Office  upon  the  clause  of  the  treaty  aforesaid  in  office-report  of  July 
8, 1850,  and  the  response  of  the  Secretary,  McClelland,  thereto,  (as  here- 
inbefore referred  to,)  were  recited  as  constituting  the  reason  why,  iu  the 
opinion  of  the  Office,  the  application  should  not  be  granted. 

July  23, 1858,  Hou.  Moses  Kelley,  then  Acting  Secretary  of  the  Inte- 
rior, replied  that,  in  his  opinion,  the  question  submitted  as  arising  upon 
the  proper  construction  of  said  clause  was  distinctly  before  the  Depart- 
ment at  the  date  of  office-report  of  July  8, 1850,  and  that  he  regarded 
it  as  having  been  settled  by  the  Secretary's  decision  of  July  10, 1856, 
and  the  i)ractice  of  the  Office  of  Indian  Affairs  under  it. 

No  change  was  made  in  the  construction  of  the  treaty  aforesaid  by 
this  Office,  requiring  local  residence  among,  or  contiguous  to,  the  Chip- 
pewas  of  Lake  Superior,  until  March,  1803,  when  Senator  Ilice,  in  a 
letter  to  late  Commissioner  Dole,  under  date  of  the  19th  of  that  mouth, 
requested  a  re-oxamination  of  the  cases  of  the  Borups  and  Champlin. 

Pursuant  to  this  request,  a  report  was  rendered  to  the  Department 
on  the  25th  of  March,  1803,  iu  which,  after  reciting  the  Office  construe- 


n 


Office  construe- 


CHIPPEWA   HALF-BREEDS   OP   LAKE   SUPERIOR.  f 

tion  of  the  treaty  aforesaid,  and  submitting:  the  papers  in  the  case,  Com- 
missionor  Dole  stated  that,  from  an  examination  of  the  evidence  sub* 
mitted,  it  was,  to  him  at  least,  doubtful  whether  the  cuiLstruction  previ* 
ously  pliiced  upon  the  treaty  was  sustained;  but,  grankiii;|  that  it  was, 
in  his  mind  it  was  a  forced  construction  of  that  instrument  to  require 
the  mixed-bloods  to  malce  proof  of  their  residence  among  or  contiguous 
to  tiie  Indians,  in  order  to  be  entitled  to  the  benetlts  of  its  provision. 

Tlie  evidence  showing  that  Elizabeth  Borup  was  the  mother  of  both 
Theodore  Borup  and  Sophia  Cbamplin,  he  was  of  opiuion  that  the 
lirst  named,  as  tlie  head  of  a  family,  and  Theodore,  as  a  single  person, 
twenty  one  years  of  age  at  the  date  of  the  treaty,  were  both  entitled  to 
its  benefits,  but  that  the  claim  of  Sophia  (Jhamplin  should  be  rejected, 
tor  the  reason  that  she  was  less  than  twenty-one  years  of  age  at  tiie  date 
of  said  treaty,  unless  it  could  be  shown  that  she  was  at  that  time  the 
head  of  a  family. 

In  response  to  this  report,  Hon.  J.  P.  Usher,  then  Secretary  of  the 
Interior,  under  date  of  the  18th  of  May  following,  coucurred  in  the 
views  of  this  0£Bce,  approved  the  claims  of  Elizabeth  and  Theodore 
Borap,  and  reject«  d  that  of  Sophia  Champlin.  This  decision  of  the 
Department  overruled  the  former  practice  of  the  OiUce,  and,  under  it, 
scrip  was  issued  to  the  Borups  January  29, 1864.  The  form  used  in  the 
isauance  of  scrip  at  that  date  is  as  follows : 

DEPARTME>fT  OF  THK   INTERIOR, 

Office  of  Indian  Affairs, 186  . 

in  the  State  of ,  is  one  of  the 


I  hereby  certify  that 


of 


lienons  deHcribed  in  the  provision  contained  in  the  treaty  of  September  30, 1854,  with 

the  Ciiipnewas  of  Lake  Superior,  and  that  the  said is  entitled  to  eighty  acres  of 

laud  as  tliurein  provided. 

It  is  hereby  expressly  declared  that  any  sale,  transfer,  mortgage,  assignment,  or 
pledge  of  this  certiflcate,  or  of  any  right  accruing  under  it,  will  not  be  recognized  as 
valid  by  the  United  States;  and  that  the  patent  for  lands  located  by  virtue  thereof 
sball  be  issued  directly  to  the  above-named  rescrvee,  or  his  or  her  heirs,  aud  shall  in 
uowise  iuuru  to  the  benefit  of  any  other  person  or  persons ;  and  that  tlio  object  and 
purpose  of  this  certificate  is  to  identify  the  said  above-named  »  — ^—  as  one  of 

tbe  persons  entitled  to  the  benoHt  of  the  provisions  of  the  seventh  clause  of  the  second 
article  of  tbe  treaty  aforesaid. 

Given  under  my  hand  aud  the  seal  of  tbe  Department  of  the  Interior,  this  day  and 
year  above  written. 

,  Commiaatoner, 

Scrip  continued  to  be  issued  to  other  mixed-bloods  without  regard  to 
their  residence,  under  the  decision  last  above  referred  to,  the  only 
requirement  being  satisfactory  evidence  that  the  claimants  were  half- 
breeds  or  mixed- bloods  belonging  to  the  Chippewas  of  Lake  Superior, 
and  were  twent^'one  years  of  age  or  heads  of  families  at  the  date  of 
the  treaty,  until  June  9, 1865,  when  (the  application  of  Antoine  Roy 
for  scrip  having  been  submitted  by  this  Office  to  the  Department)  Hon. 
James  Harlan,  then  Secretary  of  the  Interior,  decided  that  the  said 
treaty  of  1854  did  not  contemplate  the  issuance  of  scrip,  but  patents, 
tor  the  lauds  to  which  the  half-breed  or  mixed-blood  Chippewas  migh  t 
be  entitled,  and  directed  that  instructions  in  accordance  with  such 
decision  be  forwarded  to  the  proper  Indian  agent,  in  order  that  no  more 
scrip  might  be  issued  to  any  of  said  half-breeds. 

The  number  of  persons  to  whom  scrip  was  issued  during  the  interval 
of  time  elapsing  between  January  29,  1864,  (the  date  of  the  issuance  of 
the  Borup  scrip,)  and  June  9,  1865,  (the  date  of  Secretary  Harlan's 
decision  just  referred  to,)  as  indicated  by  the  records  of  this  Office, 
is  564. 

Subsequent  to  the  last-mentioned  date  no  scrip  was  issued,  and  no 


•'  ■    -Villi      '."ll 


.>).i^'?vf7.:•r;-••.V.^:..  .■ 


•\r-T  '.      ,'.-    \^-& ,,  y^  ,.    ■     'I 
:':^<'  'f-:\\   -f^'ltf -l:;-   ^    u 


^^,.&-"-^' 


•l-.!'-4j,V-    -I 


•,V-«-. '/»,-•■. :.  ;.'f  ■■.•■-.  ,*■•>» 


8 


CHIPPEWA   HALF-BREEDS   OF   LAKE    SUPERIOK. 


t*< 


A< 


instructions,  otbcr  than  forwarding  copies  of  Secretary  narlan'8  decis 
ion,  was  furnished  to  the  agents ;  and  no  further  action  of  iriipurtaiice 
was  had  on  the  subject  until  Octol>er  2,  18<J7,  on  which  date  a  letter 
from  Senator  Norton  was  referred  to  this  office  by  tlie  Department,  in 
whicli,  after  referring  to  tlie  decision  of  Secretary  Usher,  liercinbefore 
recited,  wherein  it  was  ruled  tliat  all  the  half-breeds  or  mixed -bloods  in 
(juestion  who  were,  at  the  date  of  the  treaty  of  1H.54,  twenty  one  years  of 
age,  or  heads  of  families,  were  entitled  to  land  without  regard  to  the 
fact  that  they  did  not  reside  among  or  contiguous  to  the  vari(Mis  i)uu(l8 
of  Chippewas  of  Lake  Superior,  or  distinguished  from  those  of  Michi- 
gan and  the  Mississippi ;  and  also  to  the  decision  of  Secretary  Ilarlun 
above  mentioned,  that  said  half-breeds  were  entitled  to  patents  for  such 
land  when  selected,  the  treaty  not  having  contemplated  the  issuance  of 
scrip,  information  was  asked  as  to  the  proper  metliod  by  which  persons 
so  entitled  to  land  should  be  able  to  obtain  i»atents  for  the  same. 

Under  date  of  October  25, 1807,  this  Office  returned  the  letter  of  Sen- 
ator Norton,  accompanied  by  a  report  to  the  Department,  wlierelu, 
after  reciting  a  full  history  of  the  issuance  of  scrip  under  the  treaty  of 
1854,  the  question  was  submitted  whether  the  origiiml  practice  of  the 
Office  restricting  the  benettciaries  un<ler  said  seventh  clause  of  the 
treaty  to  such  mixed-bloods  as  reside  among  or  contiguous  to  the 
various  bands  of  Chippewas  of  Lake  Superior  at  the  date  of  the  treaty, 
should  be  the  rule  thereafter,  or  whether  the  decision  of  Secretary  Uslier, 
of  May  18, 1803,  should  be  adhered  to  in  the  future  issuance  of  scrip, 
or  whether  the  decision  of  Secretary  Harlan,  of  June  8, 1805,  should  be 
confirmed  and  remain  i'or  the  government  of  the  action  of  this  Ollice. 

In  case  the  Department  should  re«\fllrm  the  latter  ruling,  the  follow- 
ing plan  was  suggested  as  the  most  simple  and  best  calculated  to  answer 
the  purpose  intended,  viz: 

Let  the  Department  issue  instructions  to  the  several  agents  within  whose  agencies 
the  half-breeds  or  mixed-bloods  referred  to  in  the  treaty  aforesaid  are  supiiosed  to 
reside,  direetiiig  said  agents  to  give  public  notice  that  »]>  to  the  1st  day  of  July,  l-fij, 
and  no  longer,  they  will  receive  evidence  from  said  half-breeds  that  tliey  are  eutitkil 
to  the  ben<!(its  granted  by  the  seventh  clause  of  the  second  article  of  said  treaty, 
requiring  from  each  party  his  own  affidavit  that  he  or  she  is  a  half-breed  or  niixcd- 
blood  belonging  to  the  Chippewas  of  Lake  Superior  and  the  Mississippi;  that  at  the 
date  of  the  treaty  of  September  30, 1854,  he  or  she  was  twenty-one  years  of  age,  or  the 
head  of  a  family,  as  the  case  may  be,  and  tluit  ho  or  she  is  entitled  to  eighty  acres  of 
land  under  said  treaty,  which  affidavit  should  be  supported  by  that  of  two  disinter- 
ested witnesses  to  tlie  same  eftect,  who  should  also  further  swear  that  they  have  not 
acted  as  the  aj^ents  or  attorneys  of  the  parties  in  question,  and  that  they  have  no  inter- 
est whatever  ui  the  case  under  consideration;  and  the  credibility  of  which  witnesses 
should  be  certified  by  the  agetit  in  whose  agency  the  half-breed  may  reside. 

At  the  end  of  the  time  specified,  Jtily  1,  1868,  or  from  time  to  time,  as  received,  nntil 
that  date,  the  several  agents  should  be  directed  to  transmit  such  proofs  to  this  Office, 
with  their  own  views  in  regard  to  the  validity  of  the  claim  in  each  case,  indorsed 
thereon.  Upon  the  receipt  of  the  proofs  aforesaid,  the  cases  should  be  examined  bv 
this  Office,  and  if  fonnd  to  be  in  accordance  with  the  foregoing  suggestions,  tbey  should 
lie  submitted  to  the  Secretary  of  the  Inttaior  for  his  consideration. 

In  tho.se  cases  which  shall  be  approved  bv  the  Secretary  of  the  Interior,  I  suggest 
that  certificates  be  issued  bj'  the  Commissioner  of  Indian  Affairs,  certifying  that  the 
half-breed  or  mixed-blood  has  submitted  satisfactory  ]uoof  that  ho  or  slu;  is  a  Imlf- 
bveed  belonging  to  the  Chippewas  of  Lake  Superior  and  the  Mississippi ;  was  tweuty- 
one  years  of  age  or  the  head  of  a  family  at  the  date  of  the  treaty  of  September  30, 
18.';4,  with  said  tril)e,  and  that  his  or  her  claim  to  eighty  acres  of  land,  under  the 
seventh  clause  of  the  second  article  of  said  treaty,  has  been  approved  by  the  Secretary 
of  tlie  Intejior,  and  that,  upon  presentatiuu  of  such  certificate  at  a  local  liiii(l-oflico,the 
half-lueed  or  mixed-blood  will  bo  entitled  to  select  from  any  of  the  vacant  public  lands 
surveyed  or  un.surveyed,  at  miiiimuni  price  or  otherwise,  as  you  may  decide,  eighty 
acres  of  land,  for  the  pfirpose  of  receiving  patent  for  the  same. 

In  response  to  this  report,  the  Hon.  O.  H.  Browning,  then  Secretary 


^ii^'' 


)R. 

Tarlaii's  deoiS' 
[)f  importance 

(late  a  I«?tter 
)oi»artinont,  in 
',  iHnciiibtfore 
ixc'd-bloodsiii 
y  one  years  of 

regard  to  the 
various  hmih 
1)080  ot  Michi- 
;retary  Ilarliiu 
iiteiit»  for  such 
lie  issuance  of 
whicli  persons 
le  same, 
e  letter  of  Sen- 
nent,  wlierelu, 
;r  the  treaty  of 
pra(!tiee  of  the 
I  clauHe  of  the 
tiguoiis  to  the 
5  of  tlie  treaty, 
L'cretary  Usher, 
uance  of  scrip, 
1805,  should  be 
r  this  OHiee. 
lug,  the  follow- 
lated  to  answer 


in  whose  Rgencies 
aro  sniiiiosed  to 
iiy  of  July,  l»fe, 
tiicy  arc  eiititkii 
■le  of  said  treaty, 
;'-breeil  or  mixed- 
jipi ;  that  at  the 
!ars  of  ago,  or  tbe 
()  <My;hty  acres  of 
of  two  disiiiter- 
at  they  have  not 
liey  have  no  inter- 
f  whiel)  witnesses 
reside. 

as  reciMved.nntil 

jofs  to  this  Ottiee, 

ich  case,  iudnrsed 

be  exaiiiiued  by 

;tioiis,  they  should 

nterior,  1  suggest 
rtifying  that  the 

or  slie  is  a  lialf- 
ipi ;  was  tweuty- 

of  September  »), 
■  land,  under  the 

by  the  Secretary 
sal  land-nfHco.tho 

,caut  puhlic  lands 

lay  decide,  eigbty 

len  Secretary 


CHIPPEWA   HALF-BREEDS   OF   LAKE    SUPERIOR. 


* 


of  the  Interior,  under  date  of  (October  28,  1807,  utter  referring  to  the 
decision  of  Secretary  Uslier,  of  May  17,  1803,  said : 

I  „|iould  feid  cni)Htrainfl<l  to  adhere  to  thin  coiiHtrnctioii,  after  morn  than  four  years' 
nrnetiee  niider  it,  even  if  I  deemed  it  erroiirons  ;  but  I  do  not.  I  fully  eonenr  in  Mr. 
Secretary  I'sher'a  views,  and  entertain  no  donlit  of  their  eooformity  to  the  true  intent 
ami  meaiiiiiK  of  tlie  treaty. 

Ueferring  also  to  Secretary  Harhin's  deci.sion  of  Juno  9,  1805,  wherein 
it  wns  licld  that  there  was  no  authority  in  the  treaty  for  the  issuance  of 
ncrip,  lie  ^Jiid :  "  I  concur  in  this  opinion,  and  approve  it."  And  further : 
"So  uHu^h  of  your  letter  as  relates  to  the  method  by  which  the  parties 
entitlcil  can  obtain  their  .lands,  will  be  further  considered,  and  an  answer 
communicated  at  an  early  day." 

On  the  17th  of  January,  1808,  a  letter  from  Senator  Norton,  bearing 
(lute  the  previous  day,  was  referred  to  this  Office  by  the  De))artmeut 
ffith  directions  for  a  report  upon  the  sul»je«tnjatter  thereof,  which  was 
concerning  the  application  of  Sevir  Kashe  for  scrip  under  the  treaty  of 
1854. 

This  Office  responded  in  a  report  dated  January  23,  of  the  same  year, 
by  referring  to  office-report  of  the  2rith  of  October  preceding,  and  Sec- 
retary's decision  thereon  of  the  28th  of  same  month,  and  calling  atten- 
tion to  the  concluding  paragrajih  of  the  same,  thereinbefore  quoted,) 
wherein  it  is  stated  that  "so  much  of  your  [the  Commissioner'sJ  letter 
a?  relates  to  the  method  by  which  parties  entitled  can  obtain  their  lands 
will  he  further  consideretl,  and  an  answer  communicated  at  an  early 
day,"  and  stating  that  no  further  communication  had  been  received 
from  the  Department  upon  the  subject.  The  Office  further  indicates  its 
concurrence  with  Senator  Norton  upon  the  importance  of  an  early  deter- 
mination of  the  matter. 

On  the  25th  of  the  same  month  the  Department  replied  as  follows : 

The  Bureau  will  now  issue  instrnctions  to  the  agents  within  whose  agencies  the  half- 
breeds  or  mixed-bloods  referred  to  in  the  said  seventh  clause  of  the  second  article  of  the 
treaty  are  supposed  to  resule,  to  give  anpr(»priate  notice,  and  proceed  to  take  proofn  to 
identify  the  parties  entitled  to  make  silections. 

The  taking  of  the  proofs  must  bo  coueluiled  by  the  Ist  of  September  next.  No  evi- 
dence of  the  right  of  any  one  to  make  a  selectitm  will  be  received  after  that  date. 

In  case  any  of  those  entitled  at  the  date  of  the  treaty  have  since  died,  the  heirs  of 
such  deceased  persons  will  be  allowed  to  make  the  selectims,  upon  proper  proofs  of 
Leirsliip,  to  be  made  in  accordance  with  such  directions  as  you  may  give  upou  the 
subject. 

When  the  proofs  are  completed,  they  will  be  returned  to  the  Indian  liureau,  with 
tlie  opinion  of  the  agent  thereou,  and  accompanied  by  a  list  of  the  claimants. 

Upon  receipt  of  the  proofs  they  will  be  examined  in  your  Office,  and  if  found  to  be 
ill  iiccordance  with  the  instructicms  under  which  they  shall  have  beeu  taken,  they  will 
be  suhniitted  to  the  Secretary  of  the  Inteiiiu'  for  hi^  cimsiderntiou,  and  for  instructions 
as  to  the  manner  in  which  the  selections  shall  bo  made  by  the  parties  who  may  bo 
shown  l>y  the  proofs  to  be  entitled. 

The  selections  will  be  confined  to  and  made  upon  the  tracts  of  land  set  apart  and 
withheld  from  sale  for  the  use  of  the  Chippewas  of  Lake  Superior  by  the  second  article 
of  said  treaty.  [Those  instructions  were  prepared  by  the  OtBce,  but  not  sent  to  the 
agent,] 

March  4, 1808,  a  letter  from  Senator  Norton,  bearing  date  28th  Feb- 
ruary preceding,  was  referred  to  this  Office  for  report  as  to  the 
propriety  therein  suggested  of  receiving  all  evidence  of  identity  which 
bad  been  regularly  taken,  in  conformity  with  the  rules  of  the  Depart- 
ment existing  before  the  issue  of  scrip  was  stopped  by  decision  of  Sec- 
retary Harlan.  Information  was  also  required  by  the  Department  as  to 
"how  many  cases  of  the  kind  referted  to  by  Senator  Norton  there  are — 
that  is,  how  many  ( ases  in  which  proofs  of  i<lentity  have  been  filed,  in 
accordance  with  the  rules,  requirements,  and  instructions  of  the  ludian 


■ -v,  .,.'7 ''V,' -:.??■  :. 


,  r iT.i-'iV'!*--" *•; ■.-■>.'    . 


.-  •  -  ■■-■>■'  ■•    .■ . 


H 


10 


CHIPPEWA   HALF-BREEUS   OF   LAKE   SUPERIOR. 


1^;  ■  1   ■.M**'f: 


tu 


14.:  .•••W-*'  V    *:.'  ■ 


In 

1*1    " 


Office,  but  ill  which  no  scrip  haa  been  issued."  To  this  comninnication 
this  Office  responded  on  the  24th  of  March,  186S,  that  there  had  been 
received,  both  before  and  after  tlie  discontinuing  of  the  issuance  of 
scrip  under  tlie  decision  of  Secretary  Harlan,  one  luindre<l  and  Hve  ap- 
plications, witli  the  proofs  of  identity,  upon  none  of  which  scrip  jiad 
been  issued,  of  which  number  sixty  eight  had  been  withdrawn,  leaving 
thirty-seven  still  on  file  in  the  office.  These  thirty-seven  applications 
with  the  accompanying  proofs,  were  at  the  same  time  transmitted  to  the 
Department,  with  the  recommendation  that  inasmuch  as  they  were  sub- 
stantially the  same  as  the  proofs  proposed  to  be  required  in  Ofliee  letter 
of  the  23d  of  January,  18G8,  and  approved  by,  the  Department  on  tlie 
25th  of  the  same  month,  that  they  be  regarded  as  sufficient  to  entitle 
the  ai)plicant8  to  eighty  acres  of  land  each,  as  contemplated  by  the 
treaty  of  1854. 

April  (),  18(58,  the  Department  replied,  stating  that  the  proofs  in  ques- 
tion would  be  held  to  be  sufficient  to  entitle  the  claimants  to  the  bene- 
fits  of  the  seventh  clause  of  the  second  article  of  the  treaty  aforesaid, 

April  27,  18(58,  the  attention  of  the  Department  was  again  called  to 
the  last  paragraph  of  the  Secretary's  letter  of  October  28,  18(!7,  upon 
the  subject  of  the  rights  of  mixed-blood  Chippewas,  so  far  as  the  same 
related  to  the  method  by  which  the  parties  entitled  could  obtain  their 
lands,  and  a  decision  thereon  requested,  in  order  that  action  might  be 
taken  upon  the  proofs  already  prepared. 

May  2,  1808,  the  Secretary  (Hon.  O.  FI.  Browning)  replied,  with 
directions  to  prepare  instructions  to  the  agents  within  whose  agencies 
the  haU"  breeds  or  mixed-bloods  were  supposed  to  be,  in  accordance  with 
suggestions  contained  in  Office  report  of  the  25th  of  October,  1807,  ami 
suggesting  that  the  time  mentioned  therein  within  which  evidence 
should  be  received  in  support  of  the  applications  of  claimants,  ongiit  to  be 
enlarged  and  extended  to  January  1, 1809 ;  also  that  "the  certiticates 
of  identity  to  be  issued  to  those  whose  proofs  entitle  them  to  land  niuler 
the  treaty  are  not  to  be  transferable,  and  every  such  certifuiate  must 
express  upon  its  face  that  it  is  not  to  be  assignable,  but  must  be  located 
in  the  name  of  the  party  to  whom  it  is  issued,  and  the  land  entered  in 
his  or  her  name." 

May  12, 1808,  this  Office  addressed  a  report  to  the  Department,  stating 
that  the  form  of  a  certificate  to  be  issued  to  the  mixed-bloods  entitled 
to  land  under  the  treaty  of  1854  had  been  under  consideration,  and,  with 
a  view  to  preparing  such  form  strictly  in  accordance  with  the  rnliugs  of 
the  Department  in  the  premises,  attention  was  called  to  the  last  para- 
graph of  Department  letter  of  the  25th  of  January  preceding,  which 
reads  as  follows : 

The  si'lecticms  will  be  confined  to  and  made  npon  the  tracts  of  land  sot  apart  and 
withhold  from  sale,  for  the  use  of  the  Chippewas  of  Lake  Superior,  by  the  secoud  arti- 
cle of  said  treaty. 

It  was  suggested  whether  it  was  not  intended  to  be  decided  by  the 
Department  that  the  lands  to  be  selected  for  half-breeds  shouhl  be  con- 
fined to  the  tracts  ceded  to  the  United  States  by  the  first  article  of  said 
tiejity,  inasmuch  as  the  tracts  set  apart  and  icithheld  for  the  Indians  by 
the  secoml  article  were  subject  to  be  allotted  to  said  Indians  by  the  pro- 
visions of  the  third  article  of  the  treaty,  and  would  not  therefore  be 
subject  to  selection  for  the  half-breeds. 

To  this  communication  the  Department  replied  under  date  of  the  Uth 
of  same  month,  to  the  ettect  that,  upon  a  careful  examination  of  the 
various  provisions  of  the  treaty  of  September  30,  1854,  the  views 
expressed  in  Office  report  of  the  12th  were  concurred  in,  and  that  the 


CHIPPEWA   HALF-BREEDS   OF   LAKE    SUPERIOR. 


11 


selections  of  land  in  question  sbould  be  made  from  the  tract  ceded  to 
the  United  States,  and  not  from  tlie  tracts  reserved  from  sale  for  the 
use  and  benefit  of  the  various  bands  of  Chippewas  named  in  the  second 
article  of  tlie  treaty. 

July  0,  1808,  a  form  of  certificate  of  indentity,  to  be  issued  to  the 
mixed -bloods  entitled  to  land,  was  submitted  to  the  Department,  which 
was  returned  approved,  with  a  single  amendment,  on  the  11th  of  the 
same  month.    This  form  of  certiflcate,  as  amended,  is  as  follows: 


No.  -.J 


Dki'ahtment  of  thk  Intkhior,  Ofi'ick  of  Indian  Affaiks, 


I  liPieby  certify  tliat 


-,of- 


Wanliitigtoii,  D.  C, 


18—. 


-,  lias  funiiHiied  evidenco  sutisfactory  to 


tills  Dt'iiiU'tnu'iit.  tliat is  ouo  of  tlie  persons  referred  to  in  tlie  seventh  clanse  of  the 

seconil  article  of  the  treaty  concluded  lietween  the  United  States  and  the  Chippewa 
IiHJians  of  Lake  Sni)erior  and  the  Mississippi  Septeniher  30,  1854,  which  seventh  clanse 
ufsaiil  article  of  said  treaty  is  a«  follows,  viz:  (Here  follows  a  quotation  of  the  treaty 

[irovision  in  ((lUwtiou.)    And  the  said is  entitled  to  eighty  acres  of  land, 

as  therein  provided,  and  that  upon  the  presentation  of  the  certificate  at  a  local  land- 

(illice  liavin}?  jurisdiction, will  be  entitled  to  seloct  from  any  of  the  va- 

ciiiit  lands,  surveyed  or  nnsnrveyed,  whicli  were  ceded  to  the  United  States  by  the  said 

treaty  of  September  30, 1854,  eighty  acres  of  land,  and  a  patent  shall  be  issued  to 

'—,  in  xlie  usual  form  therefor. 

This  artificdtc  is  not  ansiffnahle,  and  it  is  exprcsuly  declared  that  any  sale,  transfer,  mort- 
fiafie,  ansifinvicnt,  or  pledfie  thereof,  or  of  any  right  accruing  under  it,  will  not  be  recognized 
as  ra/irf  by  the  Uniti'd  States,  and  that  the  object  of  this  certificate  is  to  identify  the  said  above- 

Mined as  one  of  the  j)ersons  entitled  to  the  benefit  of  the  provisions  of  the 

HWith  clause  of  the  second  article  of  the  treaty  aforesaid. 


Gi'eii  under  my  hand  on  the  day  and  year  tirst  above  written. 


Commissioner. 


August  15, 1868,  a  report  was  addressed  to  the  Department,  inclosing 
the  proofs  accompanying  one  hundretl  and  thirteen  applications  of 
claimants  for  land  under  the  treaty  aforesaid,  with  the  statement  that 
the  proofs  had  been  examined,  the  parties  deemed  to  be  entitled  to 
eighty  acres  of  land  each,  and  proposing,  in  case  the  Department  should 
approve  the  same,  to  issue  a  certilicate  of  identity  to  each  of  said  claim- 
ants in  the  form  above  recitetl. 

Aujjiist  27, 1808,  said  list  was  returned  with  a  letter  from  the  De- 
partment, with  an  indorsement  thereon,  dated  the  previous  day  by  Hon. 
W.  T.  Otto,  Acting  Secretary  of  the  Interior,  directing  the  Commis- 
sioner of  Indian  Affairs  to  issue  t  tiftcates  to  the  parties  therein  enu- 
merated, and  to  notify  the  Commissioner  of  the  General  Land-Otiice 
thereof, ''  who  will  instruct  the  registers  and  receivers  of  the  local  land- 
offices  to  receive  the  same,  agreeable  to  the  terms  thereof." 

Certilicates  were  accordingly  issued  to  the  persons  named  in  said  list, 
under  date  of  August  31,  1808,  and  delivered  to  Franklin  Steele,  esq., 
on  the  following  day,  he  having  power  of  attorney  from  the  person 
tiling  the  same,  with  the  exception  of  two,  numbered  110  and  111  re- 
spectively, the  proofs  in  which  cases  were  tiled  by  F.  VV.  Thompson,  esq. 

September  1,  1808,  Franklin  Steele,  esq.,  inclosed  to  this  Otlice  two 
hundred  jind  two  applications  for  land,  under  treaty  of  1854,  with 
requisite  proofs  of  idetitity.  In  Ave  of  these  cases  the  proofs  were  re- 
turned on  the  31st  of  October  following,  objections  thereto  being  noted. 

October  10,  1808,  a  letter  from  said  Steele  was  referred  to  this  Ofhce 
for  report  by  the  Department,  requesting  that  the  mixed-bloods  entitled 
to  land  under  the  treaty  of  1854,  be  permitted  to  locate  their  selections 
"upon  any  of  the  territory  acquired  from  their  own  peoi>le." 

The  Otlice  replied,  October  2li,  remarking  that  the  mixed-bloods  had 
theretofore  "  been  permitted  to  locate  their  certiticates  upon  any  of  the 
lands  of  the  United  States  subject  to  pre-emption  and  settlement,"  and 


,:.  <.C'\.  •.;  ■:  •;>!•■-;■■' 

'i'  i  ■■' . » ..  ..  -;.  ...V,  : 
■•■(••■'5  •>•■••  r'.'.*-'n--  . 

■  r'Si-::  >'■■:■  ^i'-'t'-' 

m     *  '-"   J  *•     •-     • 

-  ■■.■■,••■>*;•■:,■■■  ■•- 

■,*■".-.:  ■■•..: ••  ■.  •■  -  *■,■:.'.■ 

. '  .■V;.'-;?j,--/-^«tJl."'' 

■'^■wm^^.^'  ■  ■ 

-'^(^'^'■:,^^-'\ 

„■.-».■•    .■•'.'^  ■    -V  !■■«  -■'.■ 


-■■X  -^-jf' 


•>• ' "  ,J' 


:■,  f*  ■-■ ;   V  ■  --   .    .■^'v  ■  *  ■»..  ^' 
,¥'/■■•"•;'■'■'■.'■■'"  ^■*  » 


-L'  --■■  ■•■-.•>-v?'''  iJi- 


*■-..''?:■  ■'''■"'  ■.:■■•"  y-.'  ■' " 


12 


CHIPPEWA   HALF-BREEDS   OF   LAKE    SUPERIOR. 


that  it  would  be  but  jnst  that  those  who  had  not  yet  availed  themselves 
of  the  benefits  of  the  treaty  should  have  the  right  of  selection  extended 
to  such  tracts  of  country  .^s  had  from  time  to  time  been  acquired  by 
the  United  States  from  their  own  people,  the  Ohippewas. 

To  this  communication  the  Department  responded,  under  date  of  the 
28th  of  same  month,  that — 

In  y'lf.w  of  till  these  circnnistances,  the  half-breeds  embraced  in  the  provisions  of 
said  seventh  clause  of  the  second  article  of  the  treaty  of  September  30,  1^54,  will 
be  permitted  t()  make  locations  within  the  limits  of  the  territory  ceded  to  tlio  United 
States  by  the  lirst  article  of  the  treaty  last  above  named,  or  within  the  limits  of  the 
territory  ceded  by  the  second  article  of  the  treaty  between  the  United  States  and 
the  Red  Lake  and  Pembina  bands  of  Chippewas  of  October  2, 18fi3,  or  within  the 
limits  of  the  territory  ceded  by  the  first  article  of  the  treaty  between  the  United  States 
and  the  Chippewas  of  the  Mississippi  of  Msiy  7,  18fi4. 

In  the  event  of  the  selections  being  made  within  the  limits  of  either  of  the  two 
last-named  districts  of  country,  and  upon  nnsnrvej'cd  lands,  the  boundaries  of  snch 
selections  must  be  adjusted  in  conformity  with  the  lines  of  the  official  survey,  whea 
the  same  shall  be  made. 

This  decision  was  amended  on  the  following  day  by  letter  from  Depart 
nieut  directing  that  the  privilege  of  such  locations  should  be  extended 
so  as  to  embrace,  in  addition  to  the  districts  of  country  previously  named, 
the  tract  ceded  to  the  United  States  by  the  first  article  of  the  treaty  of 
February  22, 1855,  with  the  Mississippi  bands  of  Chippewas. 

October  31,  1808,  the  proofs  accompanying  one  hundred  and  ninety- 
six  of  the  applications  filed  with  letter  of  F.  Steele,  of  the  1st  September 
preceding,  were  transmitted  to  the  Department  for  consideration  and 
approval. 

November  3,  1868,  tlib  Department  returned  the  proofs  and  list  of 
applicants,  with  directions  that  certificates  be  issued  in  accordance  there- 
with, "  but  they  must,  upon  their  face,  be  restricted  in  location  to  the 
districts  of  country  upon  which  it  has  heretofore  been  decided  they  were 
locatable,  as  mentioned  in  the  letters  of  this  Departuient  to  the  Indian 
Bureau,  dated,  respectively,  the  28th  and  29th  of  October,  1868." 

The  certificates  were  .accordingly  issued,  under  date  of  November  17, 
1868,  and  delivered  to  Franklin  Steele  on  the  17th  of  December  following. 

December  16, 1868,  Franklin  Steele  inclosed  one  hundred  and  twenty- 
two  additional  applications  for  certiti.cates,  with  accompanying  proofs 
of  identity. 

August  17, 1809,  these  applications  were  returned  to  Mr.  Steele,  be- 
cause of  a  decision  of  the  Hon.  Secretary  of  the  Interior,  bearing  date 
the  11th  of  that  month,  addressed  to  the  Commissioner  of  the  General 
Land-Office,  (a  copy  of  which  was  furnished  this  Office  for  its  informa- 
tion and  guidance,)  wherein  it  is  directed  that  "  no  more  certificates  of 
scrip  will  be  issued  to  mixed-blood  Chippewas  under  the  treaty  aforesaid, 
but  the  parties  entitled  to  eighty  acres  of  land  under  its  provivsions  will 
be  required  to  make  their  selections  in  jierson.  All  locations  and  selec- 
tions are  to  be  made  upon  surveyed  lands." 

October  23,  1809,  in  a  rei)ort  to  the  Secretary,  this  Office  made  refer- 
ence to  the  foregoing  decision  in  connection  with  a  letter  received  from 
William  Lochren,  esq.,  relative  to  the  desire  of  certain  claimants  of  land 
under  the  treaty  of  1854  to  make  their  selections,  and  submitted  the 
question  as  to  how  the  mixed-bloods  were  to  prove  their  identify  to  the 
register  and  receiver  of  the  local  land-office. 

The  Department,  in  reply,  under  date  of  November  4, 1809,  informed 
the  Office  that,  after  considering  the  subject,  it  had  been  determined  to 
adhere  to  the  instructions  issued  by  Secretary  Browning  relative  to  the 
issue  of  certificates  to  said  mixed-bloods,  entitling  them  to  land  under 
the  seventh  clause  of  the  second  article  of  the  treaty  aforesaid. 


CHIPPtWA   HALF-BEEEDS  OF   LAKE   SUPERIOR. 


13 


Jnne  15, 1870,  Hon.  E.  M.  Wilson,  of  Minnesota,  addressed  a  comrau- 
nicatiou  to  the  Department,  which  was  referred  for  the  views  of  this 
Office,  calling  attention  to  the  then  existing  status  of  scrip  issued  under 
the  treaty  of  1854,  and  asking  that  the  instructions  issued  concerning 
the  location  of  the  same,  as  contained  in  the  letter  of  the  Commissioner 
of  the  General  Land  Office,  dated  February  17,  1869,  to  the  register 
and  receiver  of  the  land-oftice  at  Alexandria,  Minnesota,  be  revoked, 
for  the  reason  that  great  injustice  is  thereby  worked  to  the  mixed- 
blooils  entitled  to  laud,  in  this:  That  section  1  of  said  instructions 
requires  the  mixed-blooa  to  appear  in  person  at  the  local  land  office, 
bringing  with  him  two  competent  witnesses ;  that  such  requirement  is 
a  great  hardship,  imposing  much  expense  upon  the  party  entitled  to 
land,  inasmuch  as  many  of  the  mixed-bloods  live  at  a  distance  of  two 
buudrcd  and  fifty  miles  from  the  nearest  laud- office. 

Mr.  Wilson  therefore  recommended  that  the  scrip  or  certificates  be 
made  locatable  either  in  person  by  the  mixed-blood  or  by  attorney,  as 
provided  by  letters  of  Secretary  of  Interior,  dated  October  28  and  29, 
1868. 

This  Office  concurred  fully  in  the  views  of  Hon.  Mr.  Wilson,  as  evi- 
denced in  report  to  the  Department,  July  19, 1869,  recommending  that 
Laud-Office  instructions  referred  to  be  revoked.  No  action,  however, 
was  taken  by  the  Department  on  this  recommendation. 

July  20, 1870,  a  report  was  addressed  to  Hon.  J.  D.  (;0x,  then  Secre- 
tary of  the  Interior,  recommending,  in  order  that  the  Department  wight 
be  correctly  informed  what  persons  of  mixed-blood  were  "  entitled  to 
receive  scrip  for  land  under  the  provisions  of  the  seventh  clause  of  the 
second  article  of  the  treaty  concluded  with  the  Chippewas  of  Lake 
8ni)erior  and  the  Mississippi,  20th  September,  1854,"  that  R.  F. 
Crowell,  of  Saint  Paul,  Minnesota,  be  appointed  a  special  agent  to  take 
evidence  in  the  matter,  and  to  prepare  a  roll  or  census  of  the  claimants. 

July  28,  1870,  this  recommendation  was  approved,  and  directions 
given  for  the  appointment  of  Mr.  Crowell.  By  direction  of  the  Depart- 
ment, in  letter  of  August  3, 1870,  the  duties  of  Mr.  Crowell  were  directed 
to  be  enlarged,  so  as  to  include  those  persons  entitled  to  land  under  the 
eighth  article  of  the  treaty  of  October  2, 1863,  with  the  Ked  Lake  and 
Pembina  bands  of  Chippewas. 

lu  compliance  with  the  foregoing  directions,  Mr.  Crowell's  appoint- 
ment and  instructions  were  prepared  and  sent  to  him  on  the  5th  of 
Angust,  1870.  These  instructions  as  to  the  proofs  required  to  establish 
a  proper  claim  for  land  under  the  treaty  of  1852,  were  to  be  such  as 
would  clearly  show  that  the  claimant  was —  .i  iir,     -or 

Ist.  A  mixed-blood  of  the  Chippewas  of  Lake  Superior. 

2d.  That  at  the  date  of  the  treaty  he  or  she  was  the  head  of  a  family, 
or  twenty-one  years  of  age. 

3d.  That  these  facts  must  be  sworn  to  by  the  claimants,  whose  testi- 
mony must  be  corroborated  by  the  affidavits  of  two  disinterested  wit- 
nesses, whose  credibility  must  be  certified  by  him  (Crowell)  if  personally 
known  to  him,  and  if  not  so  known,  by  the  judge  or  clerk  of  a  court  of 
record,  attested  by  the  seal  of  such  «30urt. 

4th.  The  statements  of  the  mixed-blood  and  witnesses  must  be  sworn 
to  before  an  officer  duly  qualified  by  law  to  administer  oaths,  and  if 
such  officer  had  no  official  seal,  his  official  character  to  be  certified  by 
the  clerk  of  a  court  of  record,  authenticated  by  the  seal  of  such  court. 

6th.  The  witnesses  must  swear  that  they  had  not,  at  any  time,  acted 
as  the  agent  or  attorney  of  the  claimant,  and  that  they  possessed  no  in- 
terest whatever  in  the  matter. 


^■•,-^' .*«•*■': 'lis"-*^'  ••'  •I 

■  -  '.d<2?.>-i-^.;   ■•*t; TtT  ili\   :     *  ■  ■ 


W"   .  •.,...V^:..,f.j».-,s;./  M 


14 


CHIPPEWA   HALF-BREEDS  OF   LAKE   SUi»ERIOR. 


6th.  The  heirs  of  all  mixed-bloods  who,  if  living,  would  have  been 
entitled  to  participate  in  the  benefits  of  the  treaty,  should  be  deemed 
to  be  entitled  to  the  quantity  of  land  which  their  mixed-blood  ancestors, 
respectively,  would  have  received  had  they  lived ;  the  proofs  of  heir- 
ship in  such  cases  to  be  governed  by  the  same  rules  as  those  prescribed 
for  the  identity  of  original  beneficiaries. 

March  11,  1871,  a  partial  report  was  received  from  Special  Agent 
Orowell. 

April  21, 1871,  the  Department  addressed  a  communication  to  tbis 
Office,  in  which,  after  referring  to  the  partial  rejwrtof  Mr.  Crowell,  it  was 
stated  that,  in  consideration  of  the  great  importance  of  having  an  authen- 
tic record  made  of  the  persons  entitled  to  land  and  land-scrip  under  the 
treaties  of  September  30, 185-4,  October  2, 1863,  and  April  12, 1804,  re- 
spectively, it  was  deemed  advisable  to  revoke  the  appointment  of  Mr. 
Crowell,  and  to  appoint  a  commission  to  discharge  the  duties  imposed 
upon  him,  such  commission  to  be  composed  of  Henry  S.  Neal,  of  Iron- 
ton,  Ohio,  R.  F.  Crowell,  of  Minnesota,  Selden  2^.  Clark,  agent  for  the 
Chippewas  of  Lake  Superior,  and  Edward  P.  Smith,  agent  for  the 
Chippewas  of  the  Mississippi,  the  latter  two  of  whom  were  to  act  as 
members  of  the  commission  only  when  operating  within  the  limits  of 
their  respective  agencies. 

Mr.  Crowell  was  accordingly  notified.  May  4,  1871,  of  the  revocation 
of  his  appointment,  and  the  individuals  named  as  special  commis- 
sioners were  informed  of  their  designation,  and  instructed  in  accordance 
with  the  directions  of  the  Department. 

Under  date  of  September  4, 1871,  a  majority  of  said  commission  sub- 
mitted a  detailed  report  of  their  operations  under  tbeir  instructions,  as 
well  as  their  views  and  recommendations  upon  the  subject-matter  of 
their  investigations.  This  is  signed  by  Messrs.  Neal,  Clark,  and  Smith. 
They  report  tliat  they  believe  the  persons  whose  names  are  comprised 
in  the  list  of  those  to  whom  scrip  was  issued  by  Agent  Gilbert,  were 
entitled  to  land  under  the  trea':y  of  1854,  with  the  possible  exception  of 
certain  white  men  who  were  the  heads  of  mixed-biood  families,  although 
they  might  be  considered  as  entitled  on  grounds  of  equity,  if  not  by  a 
strict  legal  construction  of  the  treaty.  Moreover,  that  Agent  Gilbert 
himself  did  not  put  the  claims  of  these  white  men  upon  the  same  level 
with  those  of  the  half  breeds,  appearing  from  the  fact  that  he  collected, 
or  allowed  to  be  collected  from  them,  a  commission  of  $25  each,  before 
delivering  tlieir  scrip,  those  unable  to  pay  such  sum  not  receiving  scrip, 
such  not  being  the  case  with  half-breeds,  whose  scrip  was  delivered  with- 
out charge. 

Further,  it  is  reported  that  in  1864,  Chippewa  scrip  began  to  be  con- 
sidered desirfible  property,  for  though  on  its  face  it  was  expressly 
declared  not  to  be  assignable,  and  its  transfer  was  forbidden  in  terms,  it 
nevertheless  became  an  article  of  tra<le,  and  was  kept  on  sale  by  brokers 
and  at  the  principal  banks  ot  Saint  Paul. 

The  discovery  ateo  seemed  to  have  been  made  by  certain  parties  in 
Saint  Paul,  and  by  United  States  agent  Webb,  simultaneously,  that  the 
provisions  of  the  treaty  were  much  more  extended  as  to  the  number  and 
qualifications  of  its  beneficiaries  than  had  theretofore  been  supposed. 
Such  extension  was  based  upon  the  new  construction  then  given  to 
it,  which  in  substance  was  made  to  include  Chippewa  half-breeds  every- 
where, on  the  ground  that  all  Chippewas  are  related  to  each  other,  and 
can  therefore  be  said  to  "  belong  to  the  Chippewas  of  Lake  Superior." 
"  Each  head  of  a  family,"  was  also  construed  to  mean  both  husband 
and  wite  of  the  same  family. 


CHIPPEWA  HALF-BREEDS  OF  LAKE  SUPEKIOB. 


It 


Operating  under  this  constractiou  of  the  treaty,  Agent  Webb  bad  in 
his  employ  certain  men  (Gurnoe  and  Chapman)  who,  under  his  direc- 
tion, visited  the  mixed-bloods  of  the  different  bands  of  Ohippex  as  of 
Lake  Superior,  and  also  those  of  Michigan  located  at  Sault  Ste.  Marie 
and  Mackinac,  and  obtained  for  a  small  consideration  (Agent  Webb  fur- 
uisbing  the  money)  their  consent  to  the  use  of  their  names  in  applica- 
tions tor  scrip.  In  addition,  the  names  of  parties  whom  they  failed  to 
find  were  used  without  permission,  and  also  the  names  of  some  full- 
bloods.  In  some  cases,  moreover,  names  were  used  where  the  persons 
bearing  them  had  been  dead  for  years. 

From  the  large  list  of  names  thus  secured,  the  commissioners  allege 
that  over  two  hundred  applications  were  prepared  under  Agent  Webb's 
directions,  signed  by  Gurnoe  and  Chapman  as  identifying  witnesses, 
tlie  jurat  being  signed  by  F.  J.  L.  Tyler,  (whose  election  as  a  justice  of 
the  peace  had  been  secured  by  Webb,)  while  Agent  Webb  certified  as 
to  the  character  and  credibility  of  the  witnesses. 

In  this  manner  Agent  Webb  secured  the  issuance  of  one  hundred  and 
ninety -nine  pieces  of  scrip,  which  he  disposed  of  to  other  parties,  realiz- 
ing from  such  transaction  the  sum  of  $2  50  per  acre  in  addition  to  one- 
half  of  what  might  be  realized  from  the  sale  of  the  same  over  and  above 
such  sum.  ^ 

Uuder  the  construction  of  the  treaty  recited  above,  the  commission 
state  that  about  seven  hundred  and  thirty-six  applications  for  scrip  or 
certificates  were  made,  as  indicated  by  Schedules  C  and  D,  accom- 
panying their  report.  In  four  of  these  cases  duplicate  applications  were 
liled  for  each  person,  and  scrip  issued  on  each  such  duplicate  appli- 
cations. 

The  commission  report  that  among  the  persons  who  became  exten- 
sively engaged  in  conducting  this  fraudulent  traffic  in  scrip,  was  Isaac 
Van  Etten,  of  Saint  Paul,  Minnesota,  who  made  an  agreement  with  a  large 
nnmber  of  applicants  to  procure  the  issuance  of  scrip  to  them  for  the  sum 
of  $20  each,  or  to  retain  it  himself  and  pay  them  $40,  being  50  cents 
per  acre,  the  market  value  thereof  being  at  the  same  time  $  J  per  acre. 

Also  N.  W.  Kittson,  of  Saint  Paul,  who  employed  H.  J.  Donaldson,  a 
notary  public,  accompanied  by  an  interpreter,  to  proceed  to  the  Red 
River  country,  largely  inhabited  by  mixed-bloods  of  the  Pembina 
bands  of  Chippewas,  for  the  purpose  of  taking  their  applications  for 
scrip  under  the  treaty  of  1854.  Donaldson  administered  the  oaths  him- 
self, notwithstanding  the  fact  that  many  of  the  affidavits  were  taken 
within  the  limits  of  the  British  provinces.  In  this  manner,  it  is  alleged, 
about  four  hundred  and  fifteen  applications  were  procured,  which  were, 
iu  whole  or  in  part,  sent  to  Washington,  and  upon  which  late  Com- 
missioner Dole  issued  one  hundred  and  five  pieces  of  scrip. 

The  agreement  with  the  applicants  in  these  cases,  according  to  the 
report  of  the  commission,  was  to  the  effect  that  $50  should  be  paid 
by  each  for  the  procurement  of  his  or  her  scrip,  or  that  Mr.  Kittson 
should  be  permitted  to  retain  the  scrip  by  paying  each  applicant  the 
same  amount. 

The  commission  report  that  Mr.  Kittson,  although  procuring  the  issu- 
ance, as  above  stated,  of  one  hundred  and  five  pieces  of  scrip,  failed  to 
comply  with  his  agreement,  and  that  they  have  been  unable  to  find  but 
two  instances  where  the  applicant  received  a  dollar  from  him. 

Moreover,  of  this  entire  list  of  applicants,  not  one  is  believed  by  the 
commission  to  have  been  entitled  to  land  under  the  treaty  of  1854. 

The  commission  also  state  that,  iu  1868,  three  hundred  and  ten  appli- 
cations, remaining  in  the  hands  of  N.  W.  Kittson  and  his  associates, 


■1 A 


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;■■' 

m. 

v.\ 

l.^M 

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■■i-  !-.iJ-^i 


.l*;'\-,lv,«.-'*.*y 


If) 


CHIPPEWA   HALF-BREEDS  OF   LAKE   SUPERIOR. 


l»Hi 


to* 


were  placed  in  tlie  hands  of  Franklin  Steele,  who  laid  them  before  Com- 
missioner  Taylor,  and  thereupon  scrip  was  issued  upon  said  applications, 
notwithstanding  the  fact  that  many  of  them  were  defective  in  form,  and 
not  one  of  the  claimants  possessed  any  right  to  land  under  the  treaty 
of  1854 ;  and  further,  that  Commissioner  Taylor  assumed  the  power  to 
extend  the  i)rovision8  of  the  treaty  by  indorsing  across  the  face  of  each 
piece  that  the  same  could  be  located  upon*  any  unsurveyed  land  iu  the 
United  States. 

In  reference  to  this  action  of  Commissioner  Taylor,  as  charged  by  the 
majority  of  the  commission,  1  beg  leave  to  state  that  the  provision  rela- 
tive to  the  location  of  these  certificates  upon  unsurveyed  lands  was 
embodied  in  the  form  of  certificate,  submitted  to  and  approved  by  the 
Department,  and  that  it  only  extended  to  such  vacant  unsurveyed  lands 
as  were  included  within  the  tract  of  country  ceded  to  the  United  States 
by  the  treaty  of  1854 ;  and  further,  that  the  indorsement  made  ui)oq 
such  certificates  was  only  such  as  was  authorized  and  directed  by  the 
honorable  SecietJiry  of  the  Interior  in  his  letters  to  this  Office,  bearing 
date  October  28  and  29, 1868,  respectively,  and  was  as  follows : 

By  ortler  of  the  Secretary  of  the  Interior,  bearing  date  October  28  and  29, 18G8,  tbis 
certificate  is  also  locatable  upon  any  of  the  lands  ceded  to  the  United  States  under  tbe 
following  treaties,  viz,  with  the  Rod  Lake  and  Pembina  bauds  of  Chippewas  of  October 
2,  1S63 ;  Chippewas  of  the  Mississippi  of  May  7, 1864 ;  and  also  that  with  la^t-uauii'd 
bands  February  22, 1855. 

The  commission  further  report  that,  of  one  hundred  and  sixteen  suc- 
cessful applicants  for  land,  who  made  personal  application  at  the  laud- 
office  at  Saint  Cloud,  Min.,  under  instructions  of  Hon.  J.  D.  Cox,  late 
Secretary  of  the  Interior,  only  one  belonged  to  the  Chippewas  of 
Lake  Superior  at  the  date  of  the  treaty  of  1854,  and  he  had  already 
received  scrip  for  the  land  to  which  he  was  entitled ;  and  of  those  who 
made  personal  application  in  like  manner  at  the  land  office  in  Du  Luth, 
only  three  are  reported  as  being  entitled  to  the  benefits  of  the  treaty. 

Of  the  proofs  tiled  in  one  hundred  and  twenty -two  cases,  taken  by  E. 
F.  Crowell,  under  his  instructions  of  August  5, 1870,  the  majority  of 
the  commission  report  only  two  cases  wherein  the  applicant  is  entitled 
to  land. 

The  number  of  cases  in  which  proofs  were  taken  by  the  commission, 
and  the  claims  of  the  applicants  for  land  approved,  is  five. 

The  number  of  cases  in  which  the  proofs  were  filed  with  the  commis- 
sion by  attorneys,  and  which  are  reported  as  being  entitled  to  land  under 
the  treaty,  is  eleven. 

The  commission  also  submit  the  following  recommendations  relative 
to  the  treaty  of  1854 : 

That  such  legislation  by  Congress  bo  secured  as  will  hereafter  forbid  the  receiving 
of  any  applications  for  scrip  under  the  treaty  of  September  30, 1854,  nt  La  Pointe, 
Wis.,  witli  the  Chippewas  of  Lake  Superior  at  any  land-offlce,  until  the  merits  of 
such  application  shall  have  been  decided  and  the  bounty  granted  by  special  act  of 
Congress  in  each  case. 

That  immediate  action  be  taken  oi.  the  entries  at  the  Saint  Cloud  land-office,  as  set 
forth  in  Schedule  F,  and  at  the  Du  LutU  land-offlce,  as  set  forth  in  Schedule  D,  and  that 
said  entries  be  canceled,  not  one  of  them  having  been  fouud  entitled. 

That  in  any  treaties  hereafter  to  be  mode  with  any  tribe  of  Indians,  by  which  lands 
may  be  ceded,  no  promise  or  scrip  shall  be  made  a  part  of  the  consideration  by  the 
Government,  the  provisions  under  the  homestead  law  being  regarded  sntHcient  to 
provide  for  all  who  desire  to  settle  on  the  land,  and  the  history  ot  all  half-breed  scrip 
already  proving  that  such  Government  bounty  inevitably  leads  to  fraud  and  vomiption, 
and  brings  no  help  to  the  half-breeds. 

That  immediate  steps  be  taken  to  secure  the  Government  against  loss  by  canceliug 
all  entries  made  at  the  dilferent  land-offices  on  applications  for  scrip  found  illegal,  for 
which  the  patent  has  not  yet  been  issued. 

As  to  what  course  should  be  pursued,  if  any,  to  secure  the  punishment  of  parties  to 


f1 


commission, 


CHIPPEWA  IIALP-nREEDS   OF   LAKE   SUPERIOR. 


11% 


the  franils  wliich  your  comniission  has  disclosed,  \v«  do  not  feel  called  to  express  an 
ii{iiiiioii.  tiirtlun' timii  to  Mii^j^L-tit  that  tbu  iuturiMt  of  all  true  govuriiiiiuut,  liolli  of  itii 
liDiiiiriiiKl  jiistio^iii  coming  tiiiie,uuuui!itore([iiirutliiitiiuch  tlugraiit  wruiigHa.s  iici.jury,. 
ami  snliDriiatioii  of  porjiiry,  and  forgery,  and  euibozzloinent,  should  not  ms  idTinitted 
III escnpi!  the  mark  of  condemnation  and  pnniHiunent,  and  especially  tlo  wo  linid  it  im- 
l»irtaut  that  an  oHlcor  of  the  Gos'cniment,  made  a  guardian  of  the  natioiiV  wards, 
shiiuld  not  be  poiinitted  to  enjoy  with  impunity  the  fruits  gained  by  such  crimes  at 
ihe  expense  of  his  wards. 

Mr.  R.  F.  Crowell,  as  a  member  of  said  commission,  submitted,  under 
date  of  September  15,  1870,  a  minority  report,  signed  by  himself,  non- 
cdiicuning"  in  the  rejwrt  of  the  majority,  for  the  following  reasons:     i(^);i; 

fifflt.  liecausu  the  report  retlected  upon  the  decisions  and  practice  of  the  Hureait 
111(1  DepiU'tmont  which  appointed  the  comuiissiou. 

SeooiiiUy.  liccause  Htatumonts  which  were  not  made  under  oath  nor  to  the  commis- 
sion, hut  to  some  member  of  it,  were  reported  as  cviilnuce  submitted  to  the  c  immission. 

Tliinlly.  Because  snfticicnt  time  was  not  allowed  the  undersigned  to  consider  and 
m^h  the  information,  statements,  and  evidence  submitted  to  and  obtained  by  the 
couimission  or  members  thereof. 

Fomtbly.  IJecanse  the  report,  together  with  the  evidence  and  papers  submitted 
tliercwith,  were  not  in  the  form  recjuired  by  instructions,  and  were  not  in  substance 
;i<  lequired  by  instructions. 

Fifthly.  Because  the  imderslgned  is  not  convinced  of  the  correctness  of  all  tho  state- 
iiieut»  atid  conclusions  contained  in  said  report. 

I  have  thus  given  a  detailed  history  of  all  the  important  action  had 
concerning  the  issuance  of  scrip  or  certificates  of  identity  under  the 
treaty  of  1851,  and  in  this  connection  will  state  that,  from  information 
furnished  by  the  Getieral  Land-Otftce,  it  is  ascertained  that  of  the  entire 
uuuihei  (one  thousand  one  hundred  and  sixty-eight)  of  pieces  of  scrip 
orcertilicates  of  identity  issued,  eight  hundred  and  sixty-seven  hiive  been 
located,  and  patents  issued  for  the  hinds  called  for  in  live  hundred  and 
liftyeight  cases,  and  that  out  of  one  hundred  and  seventeen  personal 
applications  made  and  received  for  tands,  patents  have  been  issued  iu 
live  cases.  The  facts  herein  recited  establish,  iu  my  opinion,  the  follow* 
iug  points : 

First.  That  the  construction  placed  upou.  the  seventh  clause  of  the 
second  article  of  the  treaty  of  1851,  by  the  Secretary  of  the  Interior, 
ill  Department  letter  of  the  18th  of  May,  1803,  by  which  evidence  of 
actual  residence  among  or  contiguous  to  the  Chippewas  of  Lake  Supe- 
rior ceased  to  be  required  of  claimants  to  land  under  said  seventh 
clause,  has  been  most  unfortunate  in  its  results,  admitting  at  the  best 
several  fniudulent  for  every  honest  claimant.  And  in  this  connection 
I  most  respectfully  but  firmly  dissent  from  the  grounds  upon  which  that 
decision  of  the  Department  was  based,  believing  that  the  intentions 
of  the  parties  to  the  treaty  contemplated  no  such  exten-sion  of  its  bene- 
fits, but  that,  on  the  contrary,  actual  present  identification  of  interests 
l)etween  the  half-breed  and  the  tribe  at  the  date  of  tlie  treaty  was  under- 
stood by  both  parties  to  the  compact. 

Secondly.  That  the  treaty  of  1851  did  not  contemplate  or  authorize 
tlie  issue  of  scrip  in  any  form  or  in  any  sense ;  and  that  conseciuently 
tlie  certificates  issued  in  the  course  of  the  proceedings  herein  detailed, 
iiltbough  they  are  objectionably  like  scrip,  cau  have  ettect  only  as  cer- 
tificates of  identity,  such  as  they  are  declared  by  Department  letter  of 
tlie  2d  of  j\Iay,  18G8,  to  be ;  and  U)  the  whole  extent  to  which  they  approach 
seiip  in  form,  and  depart  in  form  from  simple  means  of  identification, 
I  tliey  are  to  be  regarded  as  bad  certificates  of  identity,  and  not  as  good 
scrip. 

Thirdly.  That  such  certificates,  not  having  validity  except  as  a  means 
I  of  ideutitication  to  the  Bureaus  of  this  Department  and  to  the  Depart- 
lueut  itself,  of  the  person  of  the  claimant,  have  vested  no  rights  iu  any 
2  u  B  s 


■•■■  *  in  '^'J 


m 


u  :•'•'.•,  W,''^\,.t  it.'-  •     i  •  ■;    I 


■\^lV'i,;^«&,.Tf2».g»!.<', 


:^&'X 


18 


CHIPPEWA   HALF-BREEDS   OF   LAKE    SUPERIOR. 


m/m 


rlaiinant,  atifl  can  therefore  constitnte  no  objection  to  any  action  wliidj 
tlie  Department  may  deem  it  desirable  to  take  to  carry  ont  tlie  pro. 
visions  of  the  treaty  of  18.")  I  through  any  other  form  of  i)rocedurt'. 

Fourthly.  That  the  total  mass  of  such  certiflcateH  outHtandiii};  has 
brconio  so  vitiated  by  frau<lulent  or  neg:ligent  admissions  subse(nmit  to 
the  18th  of  May,  186(i,  the  date  of  the  Department  letter  before  retVrmi 
to,  as  to  render  it  wholly  unsafe  to  treat  any  certiticate  issued  suhse 
quent  to  that  date  as  afl'ording  even  primafacie  evidence  that  the  holder 
is  entitled  under  the  seventh  clause  of  the  second  article  of  the  troatv 
of  1854. 

In  view  of  the  above  considerations,  I  have  the  honor  to  recommend: 

First.  That  the  whole  body  of  the  so  called  certitlcates  of  i<lentity  form- 
ing the  subject  of  this  report  be  disregarded  in  all  proceedings  hereafter 
to  be  had  for  the  purpose  of  carrying  out  the  provisions  of  the  said 
seventh  clause  of  the  treaty  of  1854. 

Secondly.  That  the  Commissioner  of  the  General  Land-Office  be  so  in. 
structed,  that  patents  shall  issue  to  the  persons  to  whom  scrip  was  issued 
by  Agent  Gilbert,  not  on  the  ground  that  such  issue  of  scrip  was  antbor 
ized  or  that  such  scrip  has  any  validity,  either  as  scrip  or  as  certificates 
of  identity,  but  on  the  ground  that  the  persons  named  in  such  several 
issues  were  properly  determined  to  be  beneficiaries  under  the  seventh 
clause  of  the  second  article  of  the  treaty  of  1854.  And  I  further  recom 
mend  that  such  steps  be  taken  as  shall,  in  the  view  of  the  Department, 
be  necessary  to  secure  the  benefits  of  said  issues  to  the  original  claim 
ants  under  the  treaty  o^'  to  their  proper  heirs. 

Thirdly.  That  the  twenty  one  additional  persons  in  whose  favor  the 
majority  of  the  commission  report  unconditionally,  (see  Schednle  A, 
accompanying,)  receive  patents  with  the  same  guards  and  restrictions  as 
may  be  provided  for  the  holders  of  the  Gilbert  scrip. 

Fourthly.  Tiiat  the  twenty-four  individuals  uiwn  whose  cases  the 
commission  omitted  to  pronounce  beyond  giving  the  evidence  taken 
in  each  case,  (see  accom|»anying  schedule,  marked  B,)  receive  i)atents 
in  like  manner  and  form  as  may  be  provided  for  the  holders  of  the  Gil 
bert  scrip,  as  recommended  in  letter  of  Agent  Smith,  dated  theOtli 
instant. 

Fifthly.  That  the  Department  cause  to  be  reviewed  the  groimds  of 
the  decision  made  by  Secretary  Usher,  in  his  letter  of  May  18, 1803,  by 
which  evidence  of  residence  among  or  contiguous  to  the  Chii>pewasof 
Lake  Superior  ceased  to  be  required  of  claimants  under  said  seventh 
clause  of  the  treaty  of  1854. 

Should  the  Department  find  cause  to  reverse  such  decision,  I  would 
recommend  that  the  action  of  the  Department  under  such  Seventh 
clause  be  assumed  to  be  closed  and  completed  by  the  issues  of  i)atent8 
above  recommended. 

Should  the  Department  decline  to  review  the  decision  of  Secretary 
Usher,  above  referred  to,  or  should  that  decision  be  affirmed  on  review, 
I  reai)ectfully  ask  instructions  how  further  to  proceed  under  the  almost 
overwhelming  tendency  to  fraud  that  has  been  developed  since  evitlence 
ceased  to  be  required  of  residence  among  or  contiguous  to  the  tribe  to 
which  the  claimant,  under  the  seventh  clause,  second  article  of  tlic 
treaty  of  1854,  must  show  that  he  "belonged"  at  the  date  of  the  treaty, 
in  order  to  entitle  him  to  receive  land  under  said  section.  ' ",' 

Very  respectfully,  your  obedient  servant, 

F.  A.  WALKER, 

The  Hon.  Seceetary  of  the  Interior. 


OAHKS  TO   W 


ciiiprEWA  iialf-hreeds  op  lake  superior. 


19 


SdiKini.K  A,  showing  thtt  namen  of  the  twentif-one  inAiriduah  reporUtl  bif  tht  uicjnrHy  of  the 
spnitil  (UWHiMsiu/t  upimiiled  hij  the  Uipartmvnt  to  take  tvDiimiiiy  relnliu  then  In,  an  enlitled 
(ri  rcd'ire  land  under  the  jmivinionH  of  the  Hecenth  elaiiHc  of  the  m'eoiul  artliU  nf  the  tvealij 
riiiiihultd  n<ith  the  (.hippewa  Indians  of  Lake  Superior  and  the  MiwHKljtpi.  it"  referred  to 
in  the  aemmpantjinij  report.       . 

r,  .iui..til,;m' 'tu  t(i'.>U;|i;r(:'fl  -'♦!  Ij-riiji  n ''>  •>v,,..->'i(i 

t'ASKH  IN   WHICH  TKHTIMONY   WA8  TAKEK  BKKORK  TItB  UPBClAI.  C(»ni  I.S8ION 


1,  rmil  Bolongor;  rosldoiico,  Wliito  Earth,  MiiiiioNota. 

•2,  Antdinfi  La  Piorro  ;  rcHidcnco,  Abemroinbio,  MinneHota. 

X  Joliii  La  Prairio;  roHideiioo,  Choii^rwatona,  Minnesota. 

4,  D.  (ti'oruo  MorriHon  ;  residoniH),  SiiitiMior  City,  Wiwconain. 

i),  Mugi^io  MurriHon  ;  roHiclunco,  Saint  Cloud,  MiuutiHota.     r^tvi,-   >,' 


CASKS   IN  WHICH   TKSTIMONY   WAS   KII.KD  1»Y   ATTORNEYS. 


10    .'."MV   !!) 

.ilT  .ii-i'ir] 

■'I      ilJU!      'il'      I/I 

,««HHI,1.>       /il.f    t    ■i.llr 

»'•    ivIImk/')  >''. 


.fU..,,. 

1.  Amlirose  Brunet ;  residence,  Crawfonl  County,  Wisconsin. 

•I  Antoine  UaKU^^). 

;),  Paul  Ucloufjcr,  ur. ;  rusidencc,  Leech  Lake,  Minnesota.         ,  :.  , 

I,  Pctt'rCata;  residence,  Hart,  Oceana  County,  Wisconsin. 
.1.  t'liarhfs  Duverney;  residence,  Hart,  Oceana  County,  Wisconsin 

II,  .leseph  Deneaux;  residence,  Prairie  du  Chien,  Wisconsin. 

7.  Catiiarine  La  Point ;  residence,  Crawford  County,  Wisconsin,    m^^  -jji;   i,  j,..   > 

8.  Cliarhss  Mergan ;  residence,  Polli  County,  Wisconsin.  .  .j,_,     j|ji,|.j|,|    t«. 

9.  Jehu  nte.  Parisian;  residence,  Oceana  County,  Michigan. 

10.  .John  Rice;  residt^nce,  Chisago  County,  Minnesota.  i  mikj  "I'V     ''tj;,/, 

11.  John  B.  Warren ;  residence.  Cook  County,  Illinois.       ;•'•  u'  .i  ,'<"    >i;;  i(»  .i.ri  i;!'; 

CASKS  IN   WHICH  TK8TIMONY  WAS  TAKKN   BEKOHK  R.   V,  CROWKLL.  .  ,  i  ,;,   f,;! 
'I  H:      •    ./*i«:    '".ilr       1     •(.     ■  !       •,  .     >•[:     I-  )■;,.;    >Ji)|, 

•■  ■■•  I    !i:;iiM,l,;;,!:j,  ;jin,'-/ Iif  >  ..'.i    :*''.'»  :iul    . /I  t)';ii)'t 


1.  Ponsaint  Cbouinard. 
'I  Jului  Cliouinard. 


t 


OA^KS  IN   WHICH   IMCUSONAI-  APri.rC.VTIO.V  WAS   MADK   AT   Y)V   LUTH   LAMJ-OFFIOK. 

1.  Joseph  B'erard;  resiihtnce,  Superior  City,  Wisconsin. 

t  Marie  Cadotte,  (now  Mrs.  Berard;)  residence,  Superior  City,  Wiscoiii-in. .     ,  ... 

:>.  Adam  Kozeueau. 


;i>  oil    '. ' 


■1   H 


1  •^ic.i. 


.;;)'' i 


Department  of  the  Interior, 

Office  of  Indian  Affairs, 

Waifhuiyton,  D.  C,  March  ^,1872. 

Sir  :  I  have  the  lienor  to  acknowledge  the  receipt,  by  reference  t'royi 
the  Department,  of  a  resolution  of  the  House  of  Ke.presentatives,  bear- 
ing (late  December  2{),  1871,  calling  for  certain  information  relative  to 
the  issuanccof  Chippewa  half-breed  scrip,  under  the  provi.sions  of  the 
seventh  clause  of  the  second  article  of  the  treaty  with  the  Chippewa 
liidiiuis  of  Lake  Superior  and  the  Mi8sis8ii)pi,  concluded  September  30, 
18."4.    In  response  thereto,  L  respectfully  submit  the  following : 

First.  The  number  of  pieces  of  scrip  for  eighty  acres  each,  which  has 
beeu  issued  to  date,  is  l,l(>i»;  and  the  names  of  the  persons  to  whom 
such  issuance  was  made  are  comprised  in  a  list  herewith  submitted, 
marked  A. 

Second.  The  number  of  applications  on  file,  upon  which  no  scrip  has 
l>e(!u  issued,  is  715;  and  a  list  of  the  names  of  such  applicants  is  here- 
with submitted,  marked  B. 

Third.  The  Cliippewas  of  Lake  Superior  number  about  four  thousand 
souls,  and  at  the  date  of  the  treaty  of  September  30,  1854,  occupied  a 
large  region  of  country  in  Northwestern  Wisconsin  ahd  NortheasterA 
Miimesota.  <      .  .    'i    ,  .  , 


■•••,i.:iH..''.i-l 


i-k-\  .v-vv 


^'J^'lfi^'-S' 


9. 


20 


CHIPPEWA    HALF-BREEDS    OF   LAKE    SUPERIOR. 


MS.* 


Fourtli.  I  transmit  copies  of  the  soveral  forms  (marked  0,  I),  E,  p 
and  G)  used  from  time  to  time  in  the  issuance  of  said  sbrip ;  the  diflei! 
ences  between  the  several  forms  used  being  occswioued  by  changes  in 
the  rulinys  of  the  Department  relative  thereto.  Tue  manner  of  locating 
land,  which  was  in  contemiplatiou  at  the  time  of  such  issues,  wus  for 
the  hoUlers  of  the  scrip  to  present  the  same  individually  at  a  local  land, 
oftice  having  jurisdiction,  and  to  select  from  any  of  the  vacant  lands 
within  tlio  tract  of  country  upon  which  the  same  was  locatable,  the 
(]nantity  of  land  to  which  said  scrip  entitled  them,  for  which  selection 
they  should  be  entitled  to  receive  patents.  It  was  in  contemplation  ihivt 
this  location  should  be  made  in  person  by  the  individual  to  whom  tlie 
Hcrip  was  issued,  and  it  was  expressly  declared  that  the  same  should  not 
be  assignable,  and  that  any  sale,  transfer,  mortgage,  assignment,  or 
])ledge  thereof,  or  of  any  right  accruing  under  it,  would  not  be  recog- 
nized as  valid  by  the  United  States.  I  also  transmit  copies  of  all  the 
decisions  of  the  Department,  and  of  other  important  papers  on  file  rela- 
tive to  the  issuance  and  location  of  said  scrip,  designated  by  numbers 
from  1  to  21,  inclusive. 

Fifth.  I  transmit  copies  of  all  reports  rendered  to-  this  office  by  per- 
sons authorized  to  investigate  matters  relating  to  applications  for  scrip 
by  said  iialf-breeds  or  mixed-bloods.  These  reports  and  the  accompany- 
ing papers  are  marked  as  follows :  H  and  H  1, 1, 1 1, 1 2, 1  3, 1  4, 1 5, 1 
(J,  1  7,  and  I  S,  and  K. 

Sixth.  The  number  of  acres  of  laud  for  which  said  scrip  has  been 
issued,  is  9l',S00.  i 

The  resolution  of  the  House  of  Representatives  referred  to  is  herevritb 
returned. 


Very  respectfully,  your  obedient  servant. 
The  Hon.  Seceetaey  of  the  Interior. 

'i  .ul.>;,  !■•■'.■;* 


WALKER, 

VommiHsiomr. 


'C 


List  of  the  names  of  mixed-bloods  to  ichom  scrip  or  certificates  of  identity 
have  been  issued  shoicing  theU  to  be  entitled  to  eighty  acres  of  land,  under 
the  provisions  of  the  seventh  clause  of  the  2d  article  of  the  treaty  con- 
eluded  tieptcmber  30, 1854,  with  the  CMppeiva  Indians  of  Lake  Siqjerior 
and  the  Mississippi. 


Allen,  Hiram  S. 
Aiinsti'oug,  Beujaniin  G. 
Arnold,  Silas  R. 
Aitkeiis,  Roi;er 
AhIiuihd,  Auianda 
Archange,  Eoleau 
Asbmuu,  Ell  ward  / 

Arelia,  Mary 
Amelia,  Cicilia 
Amelia,  Lonis        -i     -  • 
Atkens,  AVm.  .. 

Adams,  Joseph 
Andrews,  Wm.  '" 

Andrews,  John 
Andrews,  Margaret 
Alice,  Norbet 
Anderson.  David 
Anderson,  James  Francis 


1  (.iji 


i\  ■ 


.^!   •!. i.i <;!!■»■ 

II  tKf  J      l-'/l-i 

'.;W  .lijf'tii'l. 
,,'l.'.i:i4;i.ii..i- 

1  riii;;n.i/.    Si 

-l'-  ■    ,i(t(Hi  I'Jiii.i 

.■!  1  ■H'.!/l  ,1  ii!].-k^.l'V 

:'n-\'^ii'i    ,>.'>i-t''/ J 

;>;.;/  .liioiii'iiu;.)- 
'  '    '.  ,!-i^LiUi  'ill:  )^ ' 


Anderson,  Leticia 
Anderson,  Henry 
Amlin,  J(din  B. 
Andin,  Mary  Anne 
Amlin,  Josette 
Alard,  Ambroise 
Bresette,  Henry 
Bresette,  Charles 
Bresette,  Michael 
Breban,  Angeline 
Banger,  Michael 
Banger,  John  B. 
Beesou,  Augustus 
Boriot,  John  B. 
Bajinet,  Michael 
Bagii^t,  Augustus 
Ba^uet,  Alexis 
Bagiuet,  John  B. 


r.iiCiii.lf  .I'i-tihiix 
:'t  .ii'.ii    nnooiif' 


•■11,    J-.:    K 

,(■.,11  ■:l:.i  I  , 

•I,]..,,--!        ■'..■ir.      ' 

•;<;■!(/  i.M. :  '     ■  :!')iir!'i 
;i  ,,ti.i'    niKKi;'* 

,,-i'i:'.i'>  ..'AVJl.')'' 

l^.ilJ^.,,!'   '   ,i        1-' 


■  1 


Ifl- 


iT.uit;" 


I.  .iU'iii.l.  . 
,1  f_  .njiifiri'i.'' 


ClTIPrEWA    nALF-BREEDS   OF   LAKE    SUPERIOR. 


21 


0,  I),  E,  F, 

;  the  (liffei- 
J  chanyeg  in 
r  of  luuatiiig 
lies,  was  for 
a  local  laud- 
racaut  lands 
icR  table,  the 
eh  selection 
iplation  that 
;o  whom  the 
le  sboulil  not 
signnu'iit,  or 
ot  be  recog- 
)8  of  all  the 
8  on  file  reia- 
by  numbers 

►ffice  by  per- 
ions  for  scrip 
i  accompany- 
L  3, 1  4, 1 5, 1 

jrip  has  been 

to  is  herewith 


.KER, 

nmissiomr, 

I    i:  ilf:)!'' 


es  of  ideniify 

»/'  land,  under 

\e  treaty  con- 

Lalie  Siipemr 


)i,   n 


1!|iXll'>" 

■,t(  ,:  «li'i<i 
'i     .!;ynnM 

,■1  ,i!'!r!d-»'i 
..,1.  ,:iotl;0(l 
.-    ■;t^nii!t'; 

~,  i     ■'ji-ihriwif 


•Jyii 


llagiiu^t,  Josoph 
IlDZtliit't.  Michael,  8r 
[iozqiitt,  Michael,. jr, 
Be  Dare,  Joseph 
Hoiioher,  Joseph 
Ijiiriiotte,  Joseph 
Biirkbt,  George 
Blaiicliard,  Mary 
Klrtt^-liford,  Henry 
Hntnotte,  John  B. 
lioiiiu,  Joseph 
Buttcrlit^Ul,  Steven 
BellisIiN  Cliarles 
Bell,  Joiin  W 
BclaiiKcr,  Francis 
Bisliup,  Tliorutou 
Becliot,  Aug. 
Belliinger,  Genevieve 
Beudry,  James 
Borup,  Tiieoilor 
Borup,  Elizabeth 
Hiiujj'o,  Stephen 
Briiei',  Margaret 
liclcourt,  Theresa 
Brunette,  Catherine 
Beaubibu,  Clement  EL 
Beaubieu,  Mariah 
Beaiibien,  Elizabeth 
Huteau,  Margaret 
Biddle,  Lucy  > ' 

Bacerger,  Michael 
Barif^f  r,  Augustus 
Bruce,  Poter 
Bounet,  Margaret 
Bird,  Francis 
Barstou,  Antoine      j 
Bruce,  Susan 
Brunette,  Louis 
Bruce,  Marion 
Bouchea,  Peter  F. 
Brown,  Hetsey 
Boudrie,  J.  Bte. 
Boudrie,  Joseph 
Brown,  George 
Heaubien,Paul  H. 
Brouchand,  Arcbage 
Biaon,  Margaret 
Bison,  Antoue 
Brunelle,  Josephine 
Brunelle,  Joseph 
Bissina,  Mary  F. 
Baldwin,  Margaret 
Bi-'leonvt,  Eiistache 
Belconrt,  John  B. 
Bibo,  Margaret 
Bellaii',  Francisco 
Bruuptte,  Josette 
Brunette,  Fraugoise 
Brunette,  Peter 
Baierj^er,  Antoine 
Beanrin,  John  B. 
Beaurin,  Robert 
Beanrin,  Benjamin 
Beaurin,  Maria 
Boutoin,  Josette 
Bone,  Mary 
Belani,rer,  Sophia 
Boudoin,  Charlotte 
Bone,  Isabel 
Boudoin,  Angelic 


ft 


•I'ji 


lllliir.        till        :!>I 

(,i-.i(-    I.   -'it 


..I.    C.'ll 


I  .'  ,;.  fi  In- 

i  .'it!  A'  'H'- 


Jl.Jsv"i'J^- 


iuri 


:',uh;K  -->'■■'■ 

,'t  'ilioU  ,J0: 


■  ■  ;•.!■. Tj,.jr,ar 


iili> 

.,ii 


Belconrt,  Margaret 
Bellanger,  Joseph  , 
Busii,  Margaret 
Brunette,  tlosenh 
B«)uoher,  Angelio 
Boucher,  Charlotte 
Boucher,  Margaret 
Boutain,  Margaret 
Burchevan,  Margaret 
Burchevan,  Bazil 
Burchevan,  Sevier 
Branchuugh,  Archange 
Bisson,  Antoine  F. 
Brunelle,  Louise 
Burchevan,  P. 
Brisette,  Louise       jun 
Bonga,  Jack 
Bollanger,  Augustus 
Bisson,  Margaret  T. 
Bellefueille,  Sophia 
Banette,  Margaret 
Bellair,  Charlotte 
Blanchard,  Edward 
Bonga,  Elizabeth 
Brunette,  Josette 
Brunette,  Francis         > 
Brunette,  Baptists 
Brown,  John 
Bulangor,  John  B. 
Bonga,  Qeorge 
Bertrauni,  John  B. 
Blair,  Joseph 
Bibilon,  Elexander 
Bellanger,  Pierre 
Brunette,  Jean  Bte. 
Boudoin,  Marie  A. 
Blanchard,  Joe  B. 
Blanchard,  Henry 
Blendin,  Esther 
Blondiu,  Paul 
Belgard,  Louis 
Belgard,  Margaret 
Blerr,  John  B. 
Blerr,  Antoine 
Blerr,  Margaret 
Bathneau,  Mary  B. 
Bathneau,  Johu  B. 
Batosh,  Julie 
Batosh,  Louise  ' 

Bushe,  Fran^oise         ' 
Bnshe,  .Josette        >  \  .  - 
Beaui»rio,  Josette 
Bai»tisto,  Francis 
Bottineau,  Charles 
Bellanger,  Henry  i 

Boyer,  Lizette 
Breneau,  Margaret 
Beauchmain,  Philarite 
Beauchinain,  Mario 
Borard,  Margaret,  (mother.) 
Beaubieu,  Henry  H. 
Berard,  Margaret,  (daughter.) 
Berard,  Ellen 
Beauchamp,  Angelic 
Beauchanip,  Antoine 
Brosseau,  Margret 
Broneau,  Thomas  ,,.,' 

Beauchmin,  Madeline  '  '\ 

Beancbmin,  Andie  l 

Biiireaux,  Susan    .,,,,,:      ,, 


iirtrto'tl 


illiiliV. 

'  i!ti!i:ri|. 
<l! 


((J 

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■-llOli- 

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f'J 

or  ' 

Mi>l'^ 

i;    ' 

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lii.j. 

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mH 

.-r!  1 

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■  mI)  •„]'! 


1.   v/, 

lv-.^.>R':':^.«-^-M'>5;>.(| 


fi 


rnirPEWA  irALF-imnEDs  of  lake  superior. 


lUtlHvort,  SiHiiii 
Haiinuriiiiui,  .Mary 
]tflllii>iiu)iir,  .loHL'tte 
Kii'd.  Jitintvs 
Jiird,  1h)i)><>IIii 
Ifcl^nril,  Kli/iib«)tli 
Ki-iico,  Eli/,iili)<th 
ll'Mico,  Jaiiu'4 

lii-lKunlo,  ^liiij^ret 
Kottineau,  Mary  J. 
liiuwi),  Ihii))i'11u 
Utioiu,  MargH't 
Booia,  I'luil 
Hi (!(!»',  Catlit'iine 
Hert'ie,  Iia]lti^4^o 
Cliurettc,  Aiitoiiie 
t'haiRtte,  .Jott'ph 
Cliavi'tto,  I'ii'irw 
L'nnJotte,  .John  H.,  Ist. 
I'ardotto,  Jolin  li.,'M. 
('aj'(li)tto,  AujinstiiH,  Ist. 
Uardottc,  Aii^jiisf  us,  'M. 
Cardotto,  AnjiiiMtim.nr. 
Cai'dotte,  JoHt'])li,  Ist. 
Cardotto,  .IiiHt'i)li,  ad. 
C'ardotte,  Autoiiie 
Cardotte,  Francm 
Cardotte,  Mieli.aol 
Cardotte,  Andrew 
Cardotte,  C'liarleH 
Courignon,  Antoine 
Courijrnon ,  .I<)st>ph 
Courignoii,  John  B. 
CottU'c,  Josejih 
Conner,  Kli«':»betU 
Conner,  Edward 
Conner,  Patrirk 
Conner,.Thoiiia» 
Ctnnier,  Pett?r 
Crebassa,  Petf  r 
Chalowx,  diaries,  sr. 
Cluilonx,  Cliarli's,  jr. 
Cloiitier,  Beiijaiuiii 
Crane,  John  li. 
Corbii),  Louis 
Corbiu,  Alexis 
Corbin,  Ant{u.stu8,  lat. 
Corbin,Estlier 
Corbin. Charles 
Corbiu,  Awgurttiis,  2d. 
Corbiii,Autoiiio 
Corbin,  John  B. 
Cross,  Wui.H. 
ChickiisawMary 
Carpeuter,  Alexis 
Chalefonx,  Morris 
CoHriiiere,  Autoiae 
Clianssee,. Joseph 
Charbot,  Francis 
Collins,  Michael 
Cornier,  Thomas,  jr. 
Corbin,  Margaret 
Cadotte,  Benjamin 
Chabolie,  Margaret 
Choninard,  Peter 
Charrett,  Elizabeth 
Compois,  Mitchell 
Clontier,  Angelic 
Chauipliu, Sophia  E. 


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(.'hapiMan,.lolui 
(Jatle,  Henry 
(.'hapnian,.lamcH 
Chart,  Ell/a 
Ciillen,  John  K. 
Cullen,SuNan  li. 
Chattain.Irtabel 
Callie,Mary 
Crocliiere,(;harlott 
Contoix,.lnlie 
Contoix,  Felieito 
Contoix,  LoniH 
Cadotte,  Archanjje 
('adotte,  Isabel 
CoMton,Clnirlotte 
Cadotte,  Charles 
Cardotte,  I^ouis 
Chapman,  Maria 
Chapnnin,Mary 
Crane,. John  H. 
Cress^,  Almira 
Chahino,  Margaret 
Chahino,  Margaret  K 
Clareniont,  Mary  A. 
Choninard,  L'etVet. 
Choninard,, John  B. 
Choninard,  Julia 
Contier,  Margaret 
Chaboilley,  Josotto 
Charette,  Charles 
Cardotte,  Alice 
Cardotte,  Agate 
Corbin,  Margaret 
Chapman,  Kenheu 
Cardotte,  Susan 
Cloutiere,  Josette 
Conrnette,  Joseph 
Cornick,  Julia 
Chenquay,  Andrew 
Chenquay,  Francoise 
Chonqnuy,  Margaret 
Chenqnay,  John  Bte. 
Chen<(uay,  Augustus 
Contoix,  Catherine 
Chevereaux,  Francis 
Chanipaigne,  Jean  J5- 
Chanipaigne,  Minuel 
Chanipaigne,  Isabella 
Chanipaigne,  Mary 
Carier,  Josette 
Charveneau,  Victoria 
Charveneau,  John  B. 
Carrier,  Theresse 
Carrier,  Francoise 
Cariboau,  Aiitoiue 
Caribeau,  Ellen 
Car  ibeau,  Mary 
Caribeau,  Joseph 
Charrette,  Baptisto 
Charrette,  Angelic 
Caplet,  John  B. 
Caplot,  Madeline 
Caidin.Paulette 
Caplin,  Margaret 
Charnier,  Francis 
Charuier,  Josette 
Charnier,  Margaret 
Caplet,  Angelic 
Coque,  Alexia 


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CHIPPEWA    HALF-DREEU8   OF  LAKE   SUPERIOR. 


23 


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Colin,  Kli/.iiln-th 
I'liliii,  Ji'iiii  H. 
Ciiiiililii'll,  Nuiuiy 
C'aiiiiilH.  MiU'Krct 
l'iiiii|iiiiK<>*s  'Ma<l(>liuo 

I'liplct,   ■hlHCpll 

CaplH,  I>i'iiiiin 
t'n|ili't,  Loniso 
('iH)k,  .Jtmcttt) 
I'diTi^'al.  Hiinnali 
Ciiiifor,  Htii'iiiit* 
I'liintiiiiiKH,  ('iiflil)t'rt 
CiiiniuiiiKi  t'liai'li'H 
Ciiiiiiiiiii^,  Malcolm 
Ciiiniiiiiii;,  Mar^rttt 
lii'loo,  Micliat'l 
lii'fiif,  JoN*;|ili,  iHt. 
Iii't'iie,  Loii'm 
Defoe,  FrnnciH 
|)i  fof,  JoHtiph,  i2d. 
Ditoe,  .lobn  U. 
Di't'oe,  Josi'ttt",  (widow, 
Dct'ottaii,  Katlierino 
\k  C'dtt'nii,  FrnnciH 
Di'  Coti'nu,  NiclioluH 
Iit'iiiiiH,  JoHepli 
Di'UtiiH,  lieiijatnin 
Di'iiniH,  Hnuil 
Dennis,  Soiivicr 
Dinj^lcy,  Mary 
Uinjjley,  C'liarlos 
Diiigley,  Edward 
Dejurtlon,  JoH<<]ili,  ht. 
Dejanlou,  Joseph,  jr. 
Dejardoii,  JoHeitli,  ;id. 
Dejardou,  FraiicJH,  sr. 
Dejarilon,  Franci.H,  jr. 
Diipfrey,  Micliaid,  wr. 
Diiperuy,  Michael,  jr. 
Diibay,  Mary 
Denoii«rt',  John  B. 
De  Rajjean,  Ambrose 
De  La  Kue,  Oliver     .  ji. 
Detour,  Felix 
Day,  Gi'ormi 
Demaris,  .Joseph 
Demaris,  Louis  | 

Demaris,  John  H. 
Umicauhion,  .Simeon 
hiifiirt,  Sophia 
Detonr,  Aiif^elicpio 
Defauli,  AuyuHtua 
Ueroit,  Mary  A. 
Diivernay,  Maria 
Delimit,  rteneviovo 
Dona,  Elizabeth 
Demaris,  Gabriel 
Demaris,  Xsiver 
Demaris,  I^ouis 
Demaris,  Zavier 
Daroit,  Theressa 
Davenpiirt,  Josc^ph 
Davenport,  Henry 
Desjeitais,  David 


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DcNJKrtniH,  Loiiln 
iJesji-rtais,  Friin(*lM 
Dnuas,  HuHnn 
Detault,  Miu'ia 
Dulanii,  J41I111 
Diiniels,  Mary 
I  Ml  Koslie,  JoHepbi'ie 
lies  Jiii'dln,  ItiiiitiHte 
Di'H  Jiirdiii,  Uoiiert 
iJes  Jardin,  Joseph 
iJaniel,  I'eter 
iJiitVirnil,  Miirv 
Dt'i.iarais,  Victory 
Donnell,  Mary 
iJoiipbireiin,  'I'lieHjihile 
l)oii|ihirraii,  Ilejrauintte 
Doiiphirciin,  Mary 
DemaraiM,  Mar^raret,  sr. 
DeniaraiH,  Margaret,  jr. 
DcmniaiH,  Fruneoise,  sr. 
UemaraiN,  Mar;;arut,  jr. 
Korie,  Catherine 
Diiinnin,  Pierre 
Dnniain,  Josptte 
Delorme,  Marxaret 
Delorme,  Ha/,il 
Diicept,  Mndellne 
Diicept,  Michel 
Dncept,  Pierre 
Dncharme,  Sophie 
Dumas,  Adtdia 
Derosier,  Mnrie 
Dugnciui,  Joseph 
Dagnean,  Genevieve 
Dugnenn,  Mmleline 
Dejardin,  Margrot 
Dejardin,  J(din  U. 
Decheneau,  Peter* 
Deinnit,  Mary 
Dejardin,  Baptiste 
Desjarlin,  Fraucoise 
Dejarlin,  Marie 
De.sjarliii,  Michel 
Desjarlin,  Josette 
Desjarlin,  Murgret 
Delarout,  Jean 
Delorme,  Adelaide 
Delorme,  Urbaiu 
Delorme,  Norberfc 
Demarais,  Julie 
Demarais,  Severe 
Demarais,  Charles 
Dease,  William  ^.. 

Dea.se,  John 
De  La  Koiidy,  Paul 
De  La  Koudy,  Margret 
De  La  Ifoudy,  Etienne 
De  Laroudy,  Louis 
Ermatinger,  Elijah 
Ermatiuger,  Isaac 
Ermatinger,  James 
Ely,  Catharine 
ErinatiuKer,  Genevieve 
Ereque,  Alary  E. 
Fonrcier,  Pierre  j 

Fairbanks,  Catherine 
Fairbanks,  Benjamiu   ,^ 
Fairl>auk8,  Georfje 
Fairbanks,  Margaret 
Fairbanks,  Kobert 


11 


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24                 CHIPPEWA   HALF 

-{{REEDS   OF   LAKE    SUPERIOR. 

FairbiinkH,  William           m-'i'    ■<"- 

(i  1  1  i; 

Or.ant,  NarcisHo                        lui  ' 

'-.«>• 

Fol«ti'()iii,  MiU'HiU'ct  E.      iii\:o  -if 

'1' 

(hant,  Marfjaret                     (n)'' 

FolHtroni,  Ninicy                  nHii  1 

-,,.,1  ,  . 

Grant.,  Julia                            i  "> 

>. 

Folstioin,  John                    m.iI ni/"  ,i 

.  ii(iit<. 

Grant,  J!iarles                     *(.|  ..«, 

Fiiniwir,  Siinili                     '  ,    '  .!. 

VI  .  >i  ■ 

(iladno,  Gonvivo                     'Hi 

"iClti  i 

Fdicior,  C'liiiilotte               hd./i.' 

1  1  icr'' 

Glajjnon,  JoHi-ph                   f  ,  ■; 

■  i-r.'., 

Faniis.  Lucy  H.                 '  m  ^!>    i^ 

.iMl  ,, 

Goulct,  Eli/.ard                  ii.i  i,  i    • 

:--\'l' 

Ft'lix.  Kdwi'inl                            ii  -'. 

i  .  <  il(  1 

(JrandboiHc,  Emily                 >.  .  i 

•    i'-'-k 

Foniiitr,  FninciH                      '  .itU: 

;iii  rj; 

Grandboiw',  Martinet           '":  i 

'  '■•■-;»:• 

F(>uiii«)r,  Aniablo               in'    .!;.!/. 

111  1  'J.-. 

(irandboi.so,  Isalxdla          "!'     i  '  . 

•''■I'M 

Foiiiiicr,  .Jdlin                    •■   •it<:i'.   ! 

iiii  1  j'. 

(Jrandboimi,  Pierre             ■  m  .  .. 

"■;..ii. 

Froiicli,  Miisc«                        :    .■•  v  .  > 

Ill  ui- 

(Jran«lb()ine,  Michel          m 

■  ■us , 

FolHtroiii,  Miirfjivrot           ''"  '  ;     ■" 

■i;i.nT 

Goddon,  Louis                            >•   ' 

.  .-il 

Fi(!tlcri(k,  LoiiiHt^                    •;)•    ■ 

I'!!    ■! 

(Jleadue,  Charles                              ' 

■■■■■■'.•e. 

Frt'dfrii-k,  Mary  Ann           '•  -v 

Gcuvior,  Peter                         ■(  >• 

'.  '.: 

Fi(!«lt'iieU,  .JoHttph                 i    ^     t 

■  ;,  1    ." 

(Jrant,  Cuthbert 

'    '  /'  ! 

Frike,  Josctto                                ' 

■  r,    .■!■ 

(irant,  Frizieii 

..'.' 

FloniJind,  Aiiiiotte                  i 

:  fi    '1 

Grant,  Mari(! 

',; 

Fiaii,  Josi'tte                            '  ^' 

..M,- 

Gruet,  Jciliii  U. 

;. 

Fian,  Jolm  15. 

•    .'  ; 

(ialarnoaw,  Mario 

;._■ 

Ffljruson,  ,)<)llll                             • ;  -  •    ■  : 

i  ■■  •■'    1 

Goiidrie.  Madeliuo 

FatiMtiif«»".  BaptlHto                    ;  '' 

(loudvio,  Audrt' 

Foy,  J(),><ctto                                ■,: 

1  ; 

Goudric!,  Anial)lo                   .  '■'■■' 

,.j 

Fa^jnaiid,  Izabclla 

:,,.., 

Gladeaw,  Pierre.                      )■ 

,  J  , 

Fa;;n:nul,  CuthlKtrt                  ^     !/ 

!■  ..'.i    t 

Gannon,  Marie                           >  '' 

■  ,'.-. 

FitliUer,  FrancoiH                         ■      ■ 

' .  ;■■ ' 

Gibson,  Fraiu'is 

•    .  '■. 

FiddliT,  William                     i   i 

1   I   1  .  ':  ' 

Gladeaw,  rieirt> 

....    p, 

Fiddler,  Nancy                        >    • 

U:,  ', 

(iuif^ras,  Mar;nret 

..'1 . 

FU'iiiaud,  Mar<;r<!l                       ; 

n'     . 

Gou'.et,  Kodf>er               '      > 

Fairbanks,  Mary              ' ..,     '   i    i 

(Jlruet,  An^ustino                  r  . .  f 

(iainlier,  Antoinu              ■    ■  .•■ '    ■  i  ,i 
(Jaudicr,  ,b>lin  B.                     ■     .    •  ! 

•■    I  ■  '    , 

Griiet,  Madeliuo 

(Jrnct,  Theophilns 

1.  -■. 

(.Jandit-r,  .b)S('pb                  i   i       ' 

Holty.  John,  sr.                           t 

.  1 

(inndicr,  Lonit* 

Holty,  John,  jr. 

<iandicr,  Anjrflint'               ... 

>      . 

Hnchlo,  John  P.,  sr. 

Garnosc,  .Jo.st'pb                            .  ' 

■ 

llnehle,  John  P.,  jr. 

(io/Iiii,  ,l(tbn  li. 

Huehlo,  Francis 

..'•. 

fiodl'roy,  L(»ui»               • 

.    !■ 

llnehle,  Joseph 

.  ■  '• 

liddfniy,  ('liarIott(s  ( widow. > 

•» 

Holli<lay,  James,  sr. 

(Janiliicr,  .loscpli,  wr. 

llolliday,  James,  jr. 

(iaiitliirr,  .bisfi)li,,jr. 

llaskius,  Jobn 

(iautbicr,  Jobn  IS. 

,    .,. 

lla.skiuH,  John  M. 

•  iantbicr,  !",stln'r 

Ilaskins,  Mary 

(lantliicr,  Fraiiei» 

llcrber,  William 

U»'jj;iiini>n,  .Jolm 

Hall,  Abel 

(ii'jjninon,  Antoine 

,     , 

Herbert,  Joseph 

(Jaslin,  }{t'llint> 

llolman,  Snsai\ 

licni'vcaiix,  Ilcrt 

Ilnot,  Margaret 

(iciit'vcaux.  Francis                    i,  . 

1    ,  . 

Herbert,  William 

tiravcrai't,  Kobcrt  (»". 

Herbert,  (.'atliarinn 

Draviiact,  .Jolin  11.. 

Hemie,  Andre 

(iravcract,  Mary 

Hemic,  Michel 

riravciact,  Albert 

1     ^  ■ 

Harmon,  Edward 

(Jravcrait,  Allen 

Henry,  Marie 

(Jlien,  XaiK'y 

Harrison,  Thomas 

(Jnrinie,  Francis  S. 

Har?ielle,  Josetto 

(iniiioe,  ,/olin  15. 

lla);cr)nan,  .James 

(Jnruoc.  Loiiis 

lla;;erman,  Eii/:al)etli 

Gdsler,  ,bilin  lUc.                              • 

Hamlin,  l/.abella 

(inrniic,  Simnn 

Hamlin,  tSolomon 

linrnnc,  (.'liarles 

llandin,  .Joseph 

(inrntie,  .lane 

Halcrow,  I'Jizabeth 

llnrvais,  Sophi;* 

House,  Klizalieth 

(iabedn'Mni;-.  Marfiarei; 

Henry,  Mary  Anno 

<;antliii:'r,  (,'bnrlotto 

Henrie  Pierre 

♦  iantliicr,  Sophia 

ilenrie,  Antoine 

(iantliicr,  Mar^jarcli 

Heni'ie,  Jo.settt^ 

(Jantliier.  Knsalie 

Hodjjson,  Charlotto 

(Jraliain.  Henry 

Isham,  Ira 

Urahani,  Mary 

Irwiue,  Louise 

CHIPPEWA    HALF-BREEDS    OF   LAKE    SUPERIOR. 


Iiikstor,  JaincH 
I,bi«tcr,  Mary 
,lHii(lroii,L(!\vi8 

,)iiiiili'iiii,''<>M<'I''» 
.loliiisoii,  Louis 
.luimiii'.v.JoHopIi 
.liiniiiiry,  Clmrles 
,liii:vi(;r,  Siiiiou 
.laiivitT,  Cliurl(!8 
,1,111(111)11,  Aiitoiiio 
.laiidron,  Francis 
.Idiiidiuii,  Eiistaclic 
,lib\vii.v,Jaiin)H 
,l|iissiin,.)iino 
.lilnviiy,  Jose))!! 
,lci(mx,(niarl()tto 
.liiiirilaiii,  liazil 
jiihiison,  I'olly 
,1oliiis()ii,  Sopliia 
,l(iliiisoii,.hist.luuo 
.Iciii'ii'iix,  Ilort 
.liMiei't'iix,  Angiilic 
,l;icl<i.'l):ir.  LoiiiH 
Jiicki'lmr,  Aiitwain 
Jiicivcltar,  Mary 
jiniiiu',  .ItM'oiiio 
.li'i'diiie,  Ila/.al)utb 
Jcmme,  David 
Jdiimc,  Margaret,  sr 
.Icioitic,  Marjjaretjr. 
.Iiioiiie,  Angelic 
.li'idiiic,  Louis 
.Itrvais,  Francis 
Jdiidi'oii,  Angtilic 
Jumlroii,  Francois 
,liiliiis(m,Mary 

.ll'IltOIl,  JOMCplltO 

Kliiif;,  Lucy 
Killc()ul,.Iano 
Kittson,  Eliza 
KlyiK),  (jcorgo 
Klync,Joliii 
Klyiic,  Margaret 
KljiiL',Aiigflic 
LiMiiiuaux,  Antoiuo 
Li'iiiiuiiux,J(),sei>li 
l-iiiiiiriuix,,lohn  B. 
L(i;iiu:uix,  Anuiblo 
Li'iiiiuaux,  Francis 
I-i'iiiuraux,  I'etcr 
l.iiiiiUiiiix,.losi'iih 
U.SiiKc.Jolin  15. 
L,i;janU',,J()lin  H. 
LiiKiirilc,  Kustaclio 
Liildite,  Ffbedu 
I.i'  Knsc,  Angflino 
U'Hdsf.  ciiarlcs 
I'l'  h'lisc.  iiciijaniin 
Laiidiy,, Joseph 
l-;imliy,,li)liii  15. 
I'Milcliiim-lic,  Aiitoiiio 
l-a|;a()niic.><,  Antoiuo 
I'i'w  i.s.  Charles 
i'iiKdclic,  Augustus 

l«l  HllcllC,  .IdSCpll 

Lii  Kdi'lic,  .lolin  IJ. 
l'asiul(.,,|„i,ii  [{. 
I'iisartc,  ,l(i||ii 
l'''''ras,(;coig(> 
''iil'iaiiii.,.Ji,iin  B. 


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Ln  Prairie,  Henry  .ivlli //    : 

Lai)oint,  Margaret     >  i  yin^u.!/ 

Lecloro,  Francis  y.iih./. 

Liinibert,  Michael 

Lefevre,  John  D. 

Lossert,  Edward 

Le  Due,  Margaret 

Leiliy,  Essin 

Larue,  Julia  E. 

Legruc,  Mary  Ann 

La  Fontl,  Margaret 

Leprairie,  Alexis 

Laprairie,  Alexis 

La]irairio,  Susan,  'Jd. 

Laviergc,  Isabel 

Lavirge,  Francis 

Leuville,  Mary 

Laprairie,  Susan 

Lessard,  Marie 

Leitli,  Francis 

La  liissino,  Isaac 

Laterell,  Mary  A. 

La  Fond,  Ueiijauiiu 

Labot,  Gentsvicr 

La  Koch,  Madeline 

Labot,  Francoise 

Lambert,  Sophia  R. 

Lagarde,  Joseph 

Lacoy,  Angelic 

Louisiguard,  Charles 

Louisiguiird,  lienjaniiu 

Louisiguard,  Joseph 

La  Loche,  Michael 

Lesee,  Paul 

Lauiedry,  Margaret 

Lesarte,  Marj- 

Lesarte,  Rajihael 

Le  May,  Madeline    • 

Larivee,  Charlotte 

La  Coujt,  Autoine 

La  Conit,  Aniablc 

Laprairie,  Eunice 

Lesarte,  Francoise 

Lasseur,  Josette 

Lesart,  Louise 

La  Chappelle,  Julia 

Lord,  Margaret 

Le  May,  Margaret 

La  Rock,  Andrew 

Ledonsier,  Bazil 

Lejiruess,  Theresso 

Luurant,  ilarie 

Laurant,  Paul 

Letendre,  Margaret,  sr. 

Leteiulre,  Margaret ,  jr. 

Lafraniboise,  Maria 

Lafrauiboise,  Louis 

Lafraniboise,  Narcisse 

Lafrauiboise,  Mary  Ann 

Lague,  Francis 

Lague,  Mary 

Larogue,  Sophia 

Larogue,  Joseph 

Letendre,  John  B. 

Lacoclie,  Johu  Bte. 

Jjegeuioguier,  Josette 

Legeuionier,  Marie 

Laiindrie,  Marie 

Lueie,  Josette 

l^efrauiboise,  .Josette 


25 


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2f) 


CHIPPEWA  HALF  BREEDS  OF  LAKE  SUPERIOR 


■•.•'fO 


Livilct,  Muiii^ 

J^CSlKTillR't*,  Aiidid 

Lariiiiii<'(>,  Ajtatliii 
Lagiiiionioi'c,  I/.iard 
Liii'iinoiiii'rc,  Sara 
Lt'i'dqut,',  Charles 
La  I'oinfe,  Pi»?rro 
Lenu',  Francis 
liavitTjiC,  Marjtaret 
Ijc  Giiie,  Josej)!! 
Li'poiiit,  Madeline 
Li'plant.Matk'lino 
l-f  Plant,  Isaliflla 
La  Di'ux.  Louise 
L()j;au,  Thomas  > 

Li'vt'li't,  Picno 
Lajfanionicr,  Marie 
Lerani'e,  Mario 
Li'i»iiu',  .Julia 
Lyons,  .John 
Lafontaine,  Francois 
Lesjieranco,  Mario 
La  IJi-ront,  .Julio 
La  Deront,  Joseph 
Morrison,. Jolm 
Morrison,  Donald 
Morrison,. Joseiih 
Moran,  Andrew 
M  ran,  ISenJamin 
Martella,. Jeremiah 
Michaux,  Michael 
Michaux,. Joseph 
Moutreille,  Louis 
Montreille,  Elisabeth 
Marksman,  Peter 
Morrin,  Roltert 
Morrisette,  .John 
Meilett,Georyo 
Miner,  Nancy 
Mi^Donj^al,  Betsey 
McDoui-al,  Mary 
Monehanip,  Elisaheth 
Moore,  Ann 
McArthur,  Nancy 
McGillis,  Franyoiso 
Montrille,  Snsan 
Morrison,  Charlotte  L. 
M(!Donal(l,,Jjiiiive 
Madwaj^iia)!,  .Joseph 
Madwajrnaii,  Antoine 
Mad\va};naii,!Mathe\v 
Massey,  Francis 
Menicliei'.  .Joseph 
McCoy,. Jano 
Jlartin,  Mary 
Moran,  L\/.y.ie 
Mc'Boal,  Anjfelio 
Mc(;'oy,  Antoine 
McCoy,  Margaret 
Morrison,. James 
Morrinjfei',  Mary 
Mir()n,Calati(|no 
MorjL?an,  Antoini^ 
Marchannd,  .Josepli 
McCoy,  I''ran(,'oise 
]SIcGillis,  .John 
Morrinj;('r,  .John 
Morringer,  Michael 
Mcl'arlain,  I'eter 
McFarlain,  Charlotte 


■i-     ',,;•    i,-.    '      •;; 

Martin,  Antoine 

:i  .  i'i=.-'i?ii   ■   _■" 

Martin,  Anfjelic 

r    ^M    -,'.>'     • 

Marchand, David 

!'■•   ;'  v,-^>     1 

Meiiichier,  Nicholas 

-.:„rn  1      r,: 

M(MiicIiier,  Charles 

,i      :(,;:.....'      -.: 

Morin,  Benjamin 

■'^'v'-'!-"  •      ' 

McCoy,. Joseph 

:-,  •■,:/• '  ,    ,; 

Miclcl'ey,  Betsey 

■  !,;;  :■,'-;•''        ■<■ 

Me<j;en,  Eliza 

,,.;      !        :/,     .;:.      ,1, 

Marchand,  Anj^elic 

i:,.^;     _,,-,-:-  .,.,• 

McCann,  Daniel 

_.l-r.     .•!,/.».,.[, 

Morrisette,  Arst-ne 

,1    rl         T'.f.v!. 

Morrisette,  .Julia 

.,ir-i    ..-i-i'S    |.'.. 

Menie,  Mary 

,-,|-./         /.<!■           '■■ 

Jlenie,  Fratifoise 

■.     ■■        ■'        IH-,-    i    . 

Montreinl,  Isabella 

,-,'  '            -(.,-.( 

Montreiui,.John  15. 

Montreinl,  Marj^aret 

.        .  -  .  .  '          ■■■,.;         .  , 

Montreinl,. Joseph 

■f         ,.|.-.„     ..;;.     . 

Montreinl,  Catherine 

.■»ii'r    't'i-'i   I. 

Martell,  Baptiste 

.:     '.•,     ..I   :        ^  . 

Marion,  Marie 

..  .,■.•:;•;         ,    ,     ' 

Murtel,.J()sette 

I-i  1^'    . 

Mantonr,  Pascal 

V-    ■    ,     ' 

Mantour,  Madeline 

I    '!■''         i-.-    ■ 

Montreiblo,  Antoine 

,-. .  ..  :  .;.'•    .  ,. 

McDonald,  Duncan 

.!'■           '         ■•■! 

McDonald,  Philip 

■.--,"       it       ',-     :     < 

McDonald,  Eliza 

■    -1         ,i'   (      .    . 

McDonald,  Charles,  jr. 

\        

McDonald,  Mary- 

>.».'-' 

McDonald,  William 

•,'        ,■' 

McDonald,  Nancy 

/ 

McDonald,  Hannah 

.-.           ,     ,        1. 

McKay, John  D. 

.     ■.,.'    .:    ' 

McKay,  .Julie 

'■'■'-         ■ "     '  " 

McGillis,  Alexander 

i      M    i                .      '         1     - 

McGillis,  Marfrret 

.  ■;  .-■_: 

Marriou,  Edward 

■  1 

Mire,  .Jean  B, 

i     .-i       ; 

Monkmon,  Mary 

.  ' 

Morrisette,  Bai)tiste 

1        ..      •  . 

Milleoin,  Madeline 

:        .',',', 

Murray,  Mary  .Jane 

- ",'     t     '.  • 

Monsne,  Tht'rese 

'  \  .    ■■      ,  . 

Maxwell,  Elizabeth 

Montreinl,  .Jose[>h,  jr. 

.,   ;j       .■- 

Montreinl,  Margret 

Morin,  Xavier 

Morin,  Madeline 

Nay  wagoo,  Louis 

;  f 

Ncsvieux,  Louis 

.        ,' 

Nevieux,  Alexis 

Newago,  Lizette  Wm, 

Nolin,  Julia 

Nolin,Zavier 

Nulan,  Joseph 

-    1 

Nolin,  Louis 

Nolin,  Fran^oiso 

Nolin,  Charlotte 

\, 

Nolin,  John  B, 

Nolan,  Margret 

Nolan.  Angelic 

Nolan,  Francis 

Nolan,  Augustiu 

Nolin,  Genevieve 

Nolin,  Mai'gret 

-■,,.-•.. 

Nolin,  John 

1      •             ,     '    .■ 

Nolan,  Ma'-'y  Anne 

^  ..:  1     . 

Nolin,  Norb'ert 

nH'-tf   .!ti)t,i 


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■■•jt:i', 
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K 


CHIPPEWA    HALF-BREEDS    OF    LAKE    SUPERIOR. 


27 


"'  "^f  1  ■!'   irii 

■ 

Viilin.  Margrct,  Br.                  i>  :  'A  ii'i-,i;; 

Roy,  Vincent,  sr. 

•flj;I'  ..-.li^i 

'      •  '  1'    ;k( 

H 

Nnliii.  Julie                            '  ''   i-'/    -'!'•■!;' 

Roy,  Vincent,  jr.               r 

.'I  ';    ,    I'Mi;.  i'Hj-    1 

'  ■'  '■■'    ,aii 

1 

Niilin,  Joseph                     ••  '   .'1   '-■  ■■'<■■■<■'■' 

Roy,  John  B.,  1st.            i,; 

•  i;,!.'.  .  ■  ..'!i.;li: 

'       ,''i- 

1 

Niiliii,  Angelic                           ■ ''  •'•"•'■>  '.  -i 

Roy,  John  B.,  2d.          ''    i 

'  ,  >i    i')i';;iiji: 

'    '          Vl 

H 

Niaii.  Isabella                     ."i';'!  '   r.f|i      v  • 

Roy,  Francis 

•<     -  1  i    i.?i|iUl  1 

1.   1    1  V  ,•; 

H 

1  laks,  (i(H)r}j;e  H.                 ."imi-.,  •'•>.■'    !>•  • 

Roy,  Joseph,  Lst. 

].,,\  1 '.,,,,..., 

■'  '■  ■..!..'>■ 

H 

iiaks.  Julia  B.                         ,i,;    .    i      .    i 

Roy,  Joseph,  2d. 

'     ,    !   ,    •ii.i..'l    . 

.,..,./     ,-,.'.„i 

H 

iijiliwiiy,  Angelic                         •'      .:  •■ , 

Roy,  Antoine 

■  ii;  ■.•.■•;  .Ml. 

■'•■'f)'.   '     >i'^i: 

H 

ikiif,'if.  Catheriue 

Roy,  Augeline,  (widow.) 

.'!/'  ;-,;  .!  : 

.1.1  ,.  ,1,  ,1,1, 

H 

I'ii'iu'd,  Joseph                       ..    /     '-•■]. 

Roi)edoux,  Charles 

.;  .;■  .'..  ...   >.i 

,,.  , ,  -  ._,      I,.,,., 

H 

I'lciu'd,  Antoine                        i''  '<    i  '  "' 

Rohedoux,  Ignace,  jr. 

:i,.K  *:;;,..- 

,  .  (  .                 !      iM..,f 

H 

iviijiueir,  Aiitoiue            '    -;'     .m"    ri.,i 

Rohedoux,  Louisa 

r  :i:.ir. ••./. 

.,,.\,-  ..:„ 

H 

I'niiR'tte,  Joseph,  jr.             'i'-'.    ■':■•->)!   , 

Rohedoux,  Peter 

:  .^.■.l  •.    •  M 

I 

rii|iietti\  .Joseph,  sv.                    v-'t'.   ■jr.;.' 
I'liiii',  James                        -  '"  ''■■    '    ''■'• 

Rohedoux,  John  B. 
Rohedoux,  Ignace,  sr. 

-•     ../.','>    ,: 

I 

iviiiKii'k,  David               •    ■  '     '  ''  '  •!'  "  ■' 
I'liittT. Duane                  ■'      1  '■    i.i   v..,: 

Roussan,  Francis 
Roussan,  Peter 

. .       ■  ■   .    '           1   ' 

H 

IVck,  Samuel                    •■■    '■"    '■       '..•• 

Ruil,  .Joseph 

,         1  ' 

H 

ri(liu'tt,  John                     ;  •"  '•     •  ■  ■;■  •■- 

Rainion,  Joseph 

'    i 

■■•  '/|     \r'-r 

H 

IVllanl.  Mary                         ,;.    i    .        ■.,■• 

Rochi!,  John  B. 

■  1.  ;    -     .. 

1 

I'iiiui'ttc,  William        •        '  Mi  ,    ';    '      >  r 
!'ii|iictt.  Mary                          '■'    ' 
IVpiu.  Sophia                            •         '        '  ■ 
riper,  Joseph                        ^'     ' .',              '■ 

Remillard,  Theophohs 
Roussian,  John 
Roleow,  Theresa 
Roy,  Peter 

-    1            .   ,  1 

■  .  ■      '  1  ,1 

1 

I'licf,  JIargaret                              '            i  ' 
IVlotte,  Ignace                ''•    .  •                 '•■' 
iVliitte,  Alexis                                          '    '■ 
rii|iu'tte.  La  Louise                  '              '  '• 
i'liiui'tte,  Francis                ■■-'''      '        '  _  ■ 

Roy.  Alexis 
Russell,  Sophia 
Roy,  Margaret 
Ross,  Jennie 
Rivier,  Elisabeth 

>           , 

:"-M 

H 

l'i(|iu'tt(),  John  Bte.                               ■  r 

Roy,  Pierre 

^M 

raiil.  Lizer                                          .   -.  '  ■ 

Rou.ssain,  Justine 

■  ' 

-'-              V     'li 

H 

IVllicau,  Louise                              ■    ■,-,'i 

Rouuie,  Susan 

"  l' 

■  ,: 

H 

IVclmie,  Francoise                                ■  >•  ■ 

Ronnie,  William 

■I                 ,1' 

H 

I'anin,  Cliarlotte                         '     •■•-■■'■-•' 

Roume,  Jeane  Bte. 

H 

Pcirter,  Dnaue                            '    '    '      '      • 

Rt)ss,  Margaret 

! 

H 

rrit'ourt,  Andrew                         ,  •'      ■'; 

Roy,  Philomen 

'    . 

H 

rcliin,  William                              ■,■,.•. 

Reashe,  Susan 

.! 

H 

I'imd,  Augustus                            '■''•       •■  ' 

Reashe,  John  B. 

■'  *  '  ' 

! 

H 

I'diid,  Louis                           ■  ■    '  ■ '   '!'■    !■■ 

Reashe,  Emily 

..  .'    - 

H 

iVll;y,  Victory                          ; '     .    :      < 

Roy,  Cecile 

r      ' 

H 

I'icMni.  Loui.se                           7     ;    ./    h  • 

Ruds,  Rosette 

"    ■■■    . 

H 

i'icnnl,  Margaret              •    •    '  •'•      >  ■  .    -    ■ 

Roy, John  A. 

_  • 

H 

r:c:ud,  I'aulet                           •■.'■'         ■    ' 

Rous.sain,  Charles 

H 

i'lTaiilcau,  Marie                           '■     -< 

Robidoux,  John  Bte. 

"■-' 

H 

iVraiitfiiu,  Joseph,  sr.              .    '  •     .    - 

Ronds,  Louis 

=   1 

H 

i'luddu,  Jean  Bte.              •  '■        ' 

Rondon,  Catharine 

■    ,  • 

• 

H 

iViaiitL'au,  Izaliella           '•' 

Recalle,  Rosalie 

H 

IVianti  iui,  John  B.                    '     ■ 

Recalle,  Mary 

H 

IVraiitfiiu,  Marie 

Roy,  Margaret  E. 

H 

IViaMtinu,  Joseph,  jr, 

Richard,  Joseph 

^1 

iVraiiti'itu,  Louis 

Rainville,  Francoise 

H 

IVrantuau,  Siwau 

Roy,  Michael 

H 

I'l'iiUitcau,  Angelic 

Roy,  Sophia 

■      ,  '        ' 

^M 

I'ipiii.  Margrct                                ' 

Rogers,  James 

H 

raiisicu,  Pa,seal 

Roussain,  Charles  E. 

H 

I'laiit,  Marie 

Rashe,  Peter 

H 

I'iieaux,  Catharine 

Richard,  Susan 

H 

I'liii',  Charlotte 

Richard,  Joseph,  jr. 

.■ 

H 

I'arks,  Julio 

Richard,  Margaret 

H 

IVmiitt'iiux,  Celestic 

Rashe,  Sivier 

H 

I'liaiiteaux,  Josette 

Rashe,  Mary 

H 

I'eltioi,  Marie 

Roy,  Antoine 

H 

IV'ltii'r,  Susan 

Ras,sett,  (Jeorge 

■ 

I'niiicau,  Joseph,  jr.                         - 

Rasset,  Marie 

H 

I'nincau.  Joseph,  sr. 

Ross,  Margaret 

H 

I'iitias,  Ellen  '                           .    .  , 

lienville,  Margaret 

' 

H 

I'lifaiix,  >h)niquc 

Renville,  Francois,  sr. 

H 

Vnatosf,  Joseph 

Rousaint,  Francois 

' 

H 

'Viiiiiii,  Mary  L. 

Richard,  Charlotte 

'      i                    ' 

1 

t.'iuiM],  Wiliium  L. 

Rui,Tliereso 

■,.'  '    ,-:*••:    ;-:,  „>'.,  .  ., 
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28 


CHIPPEWA   IIALF-BREEDS   OF   LAKE  SUPERIOR. 


:5.--«j 


Koi,  Francois 
RidliiU'd,  RuHiilio 
.Solicr,  Paul 
.SoluT,  Mary,  (widow.) 
at.  John,  John  B. 
St.  Jobn,  Francis 
Sayro,  Jolni 
Sutiici'IaiHl,  iHadoro 
Slater,  Alexander 
Samuel,  Morrison  M. 
Samuels,  Jane 
Saraiuant,  James 
Stilhvell,  Nancy  B. 
Spears,  Julia  A. 
Sweet,  Eli/abetU 
Sweet,  Cell  a 
Steet,  Mary 
Sliaw,  Charlotte 
Stafford,  Mary  J. 
Shaw,  Jlnrie 
Sutherland,  Julia 
Sheaver,  Therossa 
Slieryen,  Emily 
Sheryea,  Oliver 
Slieryea,  Magdaliue 
Sloan,  Mary 
St.  Clair,  Josetto 
St.  (iernniin,  Joseph 
St.  Germain,  John  Bte. 
St.  Germain,  William 
St.  Germain,  Mary 
Spenee,  William 
Sonre,  Edward 
Saiiscouce,  Pierre 
St.  Arnaud,  Edward 
Sayre,  Elisabeth 
Sliiter,  Alexis 
Severt,  Marjjaret 
Soyard,  Louis,  sr. 
Soyard,  Louis,  jr. 
Soyard,  Peter,  sr. 
Soyard,  Peter,  jr. 
Sayert,  Joseph 
Saycrt,  Louis 
San  son  sis,  Augustine 
San  son  sis,  Pierre 
San  son  sis,  Michael 
Soyard,  Madeline 
Smith,  Louis 
Smith,  Emily 
Sire,  Marie 
Sire,  George 
Small,  Nancy 
Small,  William 
Shaboyer,  Louise 
Smith,, loscph 
Smith,  Mary 
Stroticr,  Antoine 
Sinclair,  Catherine 
Sinclair,  Thomas 
Sinclair,  .lames 
Sire,  Mad<>line 
Sanderson,  David 
Saint  Germain, .Josette 
Sayies,  Francoise 
Sutherland,, lames  R. 
Soyard,, Joseph 
Soyard,  Jost')>h,  jr. 
Slater,  Thomas 


Slater,  Maria 
Slater,  William 
Slatter,  William 
Totrochard,  George 
Tremble,  Elisabeth 
Truckey,  Francis 
Trei)anier,  .Joseph 
Thompson,  Matilda 
Tanner,  John 
Tenpin,  Mary 
Tenpin,  Genevieve 
Traverse,  Genette 
Turpin,  Cecilia 
Turpiu,  Josette 
Turpin,  Angoli(|ue 
Turpin,  Baptiste 
Tur])in,  Jose])h 
Turpin,  AmabcU 
Turpin,  Francis 
Tanner,  James 
Tanner,  Margaret 
Tanner,  Mary 
Troegner,  Rosalie 
Taylor,  William 
Taylor,  Mary 
Tibault,  Ellen 
Twicatte,  Vital 
Visnean,  Francis 
Visnean,  John  B. 
Vanderneter,  Peter  B. 
Vantassell,Wm.E. 
Vasseur,  Joseph 
Visner,  Isabel 
Victory,  Lucy 
Vanase,  Nancy 
Vali,  Jo.seph 
Vali.Tousant 
Vali,  Louise 
Velneure,  Angelic 
Vivier,  Louis 
Vivier,  Francoise 
Vivier,  Genevieve 
Vandall,  Louis 
Vandall,  Izabclla 
Vivier,  Josette 
Veaudrie,  Mary  Anne 
Vondrie,  Tousaint 
Vilbrin,  Louis 
Vilbrin,  Louise  Plouf 
Vincent,  Fraufoise 
Vincent,  Marie 
Voiidal,  Antoine 
Voudal,  Benjamin 
Voudall,  Margret 
Vcmdall,  Marie 
Vouilall,  Mai'grefc 
Warren,  Mary 
Warnui,  George  P. 
Warren,  William 
Wiley,  William 
Whitesides,  Wni.  M. 
White,  Moses 
White,  Joseph 
Walcot,  Marianna 
WarrcMi,  Sophia 
Warren,  Truman  A. 
Williams,  Isabel 
Wren,  Louise 
Warner,  Mary  E. 


1'  U|'\l 


CHIPPEWA   HALF-BREEDS   OF   LAKE    SUPERIOR. 


29 


ffiiiiiuT.  Nancy  A. 
UVlls,  I/iil)L'lla 
Wells,  Eihvai'd 


Wliito,  Julia 
Wray,  F.  Aiiuio 
Young,  Peter 


;,!.•<.,;    ■■.-.'  .i  ;i^I 


,-■11. 


B. 


list  of  (ippUentions  for  scrip,  under  treaty  of  Sepiemhcr  30, 1854,  fled  bif 
itttdrncys,  before  the  special  commissio7i,  of  which  Henry  S.  Nial  icas 

cJiuirmdii. 


A/iMv,  Oiiczinio  O. 
A/iirc,  ilfiicvieve 
A/iiiv,  C'luoliue 
A/iiif,  ricrro 
A/iiic,  Ci('ile 
A/iiri'.  (ialiriol,  sr. 
A/iMf,  Lii  Hollc  Autoiuo 
A/urc.  ].a  Hollo  Marie 
A/iin'.  l.M  Hollo  Gabriel 
Aiktii,  C'liilda 
Aiki'ii.  Cliilda 
A;:alf,  William 
Aiiitc,  Jd.set 
Aniliii,  Jonaco 
Aiiiliii,  Miu'ic 
Ail;ini,  Avrliaugo 
Aiiili-rsiin,  I'jlizaheth 
Archaiiibcaii,  Mary 
Aiiniistiii,  Gt'uovieve 
Alhiirie,  Andrew 
Alhiii'k',  Mary 
Alhiirii',  Antoine 
Allen.  Josi'idiiuo 
Amcll,  Cliarlotte 
.WmT,  Miivgarot 
Aiki'wase,  Arhedasli 
Aniistroiij;',  Madeline 
Alhiric,  Micliel 
Ailiiins,  (Jcorgo 
Aiiiiiiti',  Mary 
Blair.  Mary  Auu 
Hmi.  Fivtl,  A. 
Hivlaiid,  Sanson 
iiaki'i-,  Aii;i('liuo 
Diiker,  Xiiiicy 
baker.  Jdhu 
Bilker,  George 
Biliii.  KlizMlifth 
iiiive.  William 
Biiiiiet,  Aiiil)ro.so 
Bniiiette.  Louis 
Briic'diiior.  .Sarah 
liiiiniU'diiier,  Pauline 
Biiiiidcdiiier,  CatLeriuo 
Briere.  Margaret 
BiiiwM.  Mary 
Btiurcier,  Madeline 
Bi'imdieiiiin,  Marie 
li<:iiuiifiiiin,Pliil()uien 
Biiiialiciiiiii,  Eniely 
Bniuclieuiiii,  Clourice 
B'lair,  Lucy 
[*|'l"ii}.'ja,  .lo.seph 
BW(mj.|ia,  Levi 

"islliip,  .loliu 

I'l'lwiKlia,  Mary 


BaptiHte,  Francois 
Uaptiste,  Madeline 
Hagage,  Antoine 
JJnsli,  Euiniay 
llrnuelle,  Angelic 
Braudcouier,  .Jose]diino 
Hrandeouier,  Sarah 
IJerger,  liiirnard 
Berger,  Pierre,  jr. 
Berger,  .Judith 
Begon,  Peter 
Belleo,  .fames 
Bird,  Peter 
Bernard,  Eli.se 
Benoit,  Antoiuo  , 

Bouault,  ^Larion 
Bauchez,  Frances  M. 
Belouger,  James 
Berard,  Julio 
Berard,  Sarah 
Berard,  Mario 
Belineuer,  Elizabeth 
Belineuer,  Dcdpliine 
Belhunieiir,  Catherine 
Bourette,  Marie 
Belgard,  Madeline 
Belgarde,  Louise 
Berger,  Amab  E. 
Berger,  Pierre,  sr. 
Braua,  Eliza 
Brunette,  Battes 
Brouea,  Sophia 
Banae,  Elizeu 
Belleo,  Peter 
Berard,  I'ierre 
Blair,  Antoine 
Blair,  Margueretto 
Blair,  Angeli<{ue 
Blair,  Alexander 
Blair,  Edward 
Brana,  Nalutt 
Brana,  Mary 
Brunait,  Mary 
Bellanger,  Mary 
Bellanger,  Mary 
Bellanger,  Paul,  jr. 
Bellanger,  Paul,  sr. 
Bellanger,  Charlotte 
Bellanger,  Elizabeth, 
Boier,  Catherine 
Boier,  Angeliijue 
Boier,  Mary 
Boier,  Jeanette 
Boier,  Emily 
Boier,  Susaue 
Curie,  Louise 


(I,.    '      1 


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'  V"'  ^  .  -.  .  ,     -^  .      '/■'*•  ■■■ifr»i 


30 


CHIPPEWA    HALF-BREEDS    OF    LAKE    SUPERIOR, 


i 


Clinrron,  Cclia  M. 
(Jliiuroii,  Emily  •'■ 

Cl()iitlii(!r,  Ciitheriiu' 
Comsollf,  Jaiio 
Ciuiible,  Mary 
CliHit'ttii,  Josoph 
Chcnetto,  Mary 
Collin,  UotHcy 
Caricrc,  Aiidnnv  E. 
Carrier,  .Tcimieve 
C'ollot,  Pliilonuni 
Coiistaiitinu,  Elizabeth 
Cota,  Pi'tor 
Capbit,  Isabella 
Caj)l('t,  Sarnpliiiie 
CliaboiUioy,  Charlotte  L. 
Chaboillit-y,  Kachol 
Cbaboilelly,  Francis 
Cliaboilellyo,  Nancy 
Colonilje,  Francois 
Callonts,  iHbell 
Callon(?,  John 
Coverett,  Edward 
Charont*,  Marione 
Cloutier,  Marie 
Cakenvasb,  Silea 
Collin,  Antoino 
Collin,  Mar<jaret 
Camp,  Margaret 
Calonibe,  Josepliine 
Cbenvert,  Marie 
Caya,  Adaline 
Courehaine,  Marie 
Conrcliaine,  Francis 
Dcslin rials.  CoTistaiice 
Dansctt,  Matilda 
Devol,  Levi 
Demoirs,  Levi 
Ucfonr,  Alexnnder 
Dcloncy,  Harriet 
Dnlt'oni,  Rosalie 
Deak<!ans,  Maggie 
Deakiins,  Joset 
Dowar,  Elisabeth 
Denioiais,  Joseph,  2d 
Dernorais,  Mary 
Demorais,  Mary  Anu 
Diiveriiay,  Charles 
Dnvernay,  Jnlia 
Des  Souer,  Angelic 
Daeguon,  Marie 
Dncbarme,  Mary  A. 
Dncbavme,  Sarah 
Dncbarme,  Rose 
Dncbarme,  Mary  D. 
Ducharmo,  Mavy  Ann 
Dyer,  Eliza 
Dophina,  Josetto 
Danphiny,  Miiry 
DaniihaiKUs,  Marie 
Delorme,  Angelicpie 
Dumais  Josette 
Decolan,  Josette 
Demon tigny,  Marie 
Dnphrane,  Isabella 
Duclianne,  Madeline 
Dejerdon,  Paul 
Deland,  Angelic 
Dejarlais,  Gregorie 


■  "I; 


,,'l'i 


i<    •    1 


Dereanx,  Joseph 
Dcnman,  Isal»ella 
Emons,  Josephine 
Flat,  George 
Flat,  John 
Fonlds,  JoJin 
Fisher,  Alexander 
Fisher,  Ambrose 
Fergason,  Rosalie 
Fredricki  Joseph,  sr. 
Fredrick,  Joseph,  jr. 
Fredrick,  Mary 
Floman,  Louis 
Fagon  Jon 
Fian,  Virginia 
Flamand,  Margaret 
Freeman,  Jane 
Franks,  John 
Fasaw,  Uotsy 
Fair))anks,  Susan 
Foster,  William 
Gardner,  Margaret 
Gardance,  Sillom 
Grandelmyer,  Carrie 
Grandbois,  Amelia 
Godon,  Josepli 
Granditois,  Emeli 
Gardner,  John 
Ganbo,  Antoine 
Gabin,  Margaret 
Gandin  Marie 
Gain,  Susan 
Gillian,  Hellene 
Greneaux,  Madeline 
Gonyez,  Josephine 
Goenior,  Josei»bine 
Grotier,  Angel ique 
Gar(lii)i)i,  Jennieve 
Gardippi,  Philomen 
(iardipiii,  Eliz.abeth 
Gould,  Sophia 
Gonyez,  Albert 
Gabin,  Louise 
Gladdue,  Isabella 
Gladdue,  Josette 
Gladdue,  Marie 
Gladdue,  Madeline 
Gervais,  Angelique 
Gervais,  Mary 
Gervais,  Margaret 
Grnroite,  Tbeophile 
Godon,  Caroline 
Goulet,  Sarah 
Goulet,  Jonette 
Goulet,  Louise 
Gnertin,  Emily 
i  Gagnier,  Margaret 
Hood,  Margaret 
Henry,  Julia 
Huot,  Eleanor 
Hanks,  John 
Hayns,  Eliza 
Honle,  Josetto 
Harkness,  Emily 
Hogg,  Joseph 
Handin,  Joseph 
Handin,  Louia 
Haiidin,  Margaret 
Hamlin,  Margaret 


••:v       '11.1111, 
>:,■!■.*•'  iiiiuii 


:.;la 


■  ■:'      !.w''l. 


1,1  .',^1, 


Ilnniliii,  Ani.1 

llainliii,  Marj 

Unlet,  NiiMcy 

lliilft.Mary 

I^liistcr,  Mari- 

jiinlaiic.  Pete 

Jiinnic,  Jost!ii 

joliii.siMi.  Mar; 

,liinl,nii,('harl 

Jiiiilaiii,  Madi 

.lariiaii,  Susan 

jHiirdain,  Mai 

Ki'|ieiian.ja,  Sii 

Lii'tiiimnier,  h 

Livingston,  Ci 

Liir<mite,  Fr( 

Laddii.Marga 

LM|M'raiH'e,  M 

blond,  Mary 

Liivat.Giistaii 

],razv,  I'linl 

LalW,  llele 

l.apiante,  Isal 

Lajiicre,  Antoi 

LaiiitTc,  C'atln 

Li'piiio,  John 

Li'liiiii',  Ainbrc 

Lcpino,  Cecilo 

L'Ei|iiier,  Ma:' 

LaSarte,  Loui 

La  Sartis  Jose 

Li'itli,\Vui, 

Liitli,  Klizabei 

LiidiToiite,  Fil 

LadiToutts  Joi: 

Lanil'LTt,  Jose] 

Ldiili'y,  James 

LniKh'ue,  Petei 

LiMidniy,  Loiiii 

Leiinji^e,  Miclii 

Lduibor,  Sophi 

Lair  rire,  SopI 

LaPoiute,  Joh 

La  Tranche,  E 

La  I'oiiite,  Mai 

La  Trancing,  M 

La  Tiaiiclio,  C 

La  Tranche,  Pi 

La  Koquc,  And 

La  Franc,  Lou 


CHIPPEWA    HALF-BREEDS    OF    LAKE    SUPERIOR. 


lliiinlin,  Ani.iblo  iij 

lliiiiiliii.Miiry  ■      ,.,:. 

Unlet,  N:iii(!y  .     , 

!l(ilft,Miiry 

l.liislcr,  Miirio 

Idriliim-.  IVtcr 

Jcninif,  .("Miil'li 

.liilmsoii.  Mary  i 

Inidaii.Cliarlotte 

.liiriliiiii,  Maddino 

.talaii,  Siiisaii  |.„i 

Jiiiirilaiii.MarKcriti)  .    , 

Kipi'iiaiua,  Sail  Picrro  i 

Liijjiiiionii'r,  Elzcar 

Livingston,  Catlicriiio 

Lil'Diiitc,  Francoi.s  , 

i,;iiloii,  Mar(,'ai'ct 

lA's|ii'iaii('t',  Mary 

LiiIoimI,  Mary 

L:ivat,Gu«taus 

Liiizy,  Faiil 

i„i  l/disf,  Helen 

i,iililiiiite,  Isabella 

Liiliicre,  Antoiiio 

Liipicre,  Catherine 

i.ilMiio,  .'ttlin  ... , 

Lipim',  Ainbroso 

L('|mie,Cecilo 

L'lii|iiier,  Ma:ie  L. 

La  Suite,  Louis 

La  Sarte,  .losette 

L(itii,\Viii.  J 

Liitli,  Kli/abeth  .,  ,  ,   , 

Ladi'ioiite,  Filber  r  ,     . .  i; 

Laderonte,  Joseph  ,  1,1.^  ,  ,  , 

Lanil>c'rt,.Jos(!ith  ;  ,.. ..,, 

Liiiilfy,. James  ,,..:      ,, 

Ldiidrue,  Feter  .,' 

Liiiulray,  LoiUH  .    t  ( 

Lti|iii<;e,  Miclieal  ■  ■  ;       ■ 

Ldinbor,  Sophia 

Lair  rire,  Sophia 

LaPiiiiite,  John 

La  Tranche,  Elizabeth 

La  I'oiiite,  Margaret 

LaTiaiiche,  Marie 

La  Tranehe,  Charles 

LaTnuiehe,  Paul 

La  Koquc,  Andrew 

Lal'miic,  Louis 

Laramie,  Peter 

La  H(i(nie,  .Joseph 

La  Tranche,  Peter 

Laviicrere,  Tlierc;so 

La  Tranche,  Josapheuo  Francis 

La  Kock,  La  Rosti 

La  Rock,  Aiitoine 

Larock,  Margaret 

•  ■•"  r'.,,  Margaret 

Larojk,  Elizabeth 

Laidck,  Oliver 

La  l\'(ii|ne,  Julia 

La  liiH|iii-,  Pierre 

LaK(](|ue,  Marie 

LaK(i(iue,  Sophia 

La  l{u(iiie,  Josette 

Lis|ii  lauc^,  Sarah 

LMpuriiiico,  Margaret 

Lisiiiraiice,  Julie 

Li'Siicrauce,  Louisa 


'"  ,    I  '  I 


no- 

I 


licsperuiice,  Madeline 
LesjieraiKM',  Sophia 
Le  Due,  Elizabeth 
La  Point!!,  Rosalie 
Laviallet,  Genitive 
Laviullet,  Pholoiiieii 
Longtiii,  l)(;linia 
Lavalle,  IJrsnlis 
Laval  le,  Marie 
Lotendre,  Marie 
Letendre,  Sophia 
Letendre,  Ellen 
Letendre,  Aiig<!li<iue 
La  Roiide,  Marie 
La  Ronde,  Louise 
Lavance,  Susan 
Lawrence,  Catherine 
Mixter,  Margaret  (i. 
Morrison,  Jean  H'te 
Me(iillis,  Sarah 
Medillis,  Charlotte 
MeGillis,  Angeliiie 
Meyard,  Charles 
Menard,  Mary 
McDowell,  Uelstiy 
Mangedelard,  Daniel 
Montoure,  Angelitpie 
Michelle,  Antoine 
Marsienla,  Louis 
McNabb,  Louisa 
Monette,  Mary  Ann 
Montour,  Mary  M. 
Moon,  Josette 
Myers,  Susan 
McCay,  Francis 
McKay,  Mishelle 
MeGillis,  Ellsha 
Me(Jillis,  Elizn 
Morain,  Louis 
Marion,  Elise 
Morion,  Maxiine 
Martelle,  Jean  JVto 
Morrison,  Rficbel 
Morrison,  Allan,  jr. 
Morron,  Jonace 
Morron,  Cecile 
Montrielle,  Josephine 
Montrielle,  Alexcie 
Montrielle,  Franvois 
Miehaud,  Nancy 
Marchaiid,  Goodwin 
Midland,  Philonien 
McDong.all,  .John  R. 
McDngle,  Catherine 
Marchaiid,  Heiijaniiu 
M(!l)onald,  Mary 
McDonald,  Mary  A. 
McDonald,  Peggie 
Noka,  Jaiiic3 
Noka, John 
Noka,  Akiwance 
Nolin,  Dniican 
Norris,  Andrew 
Olesoii,  Maria 
Pecare,  Margerotto 
Pecare,  Paul,  jr. 
Pei)in,  Mnryance 
Peppin.  Mary 
Pariseou,  John  IJaptiste 
Paynne,  Josette 


..!«1 
■    J, 


31 


ni.lr     . 


1.: 


-,ll, 


v;"   •XT*' 

>    I ,  •A.'  »■"  !.3l  S- 

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r.'.vv;.-'-..  ;.;:J.''^'-'' 

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,  .'•'■»''•:■  •  '-'Li"'-  ■  ' 


1.  >  ■„.)/-■•;'•"■••  ■■'■ 
■J '.-  >  !"  ■■>:  ■''■,'■■  Ji'S^I 


CHIPPEWA   HALF-BREEDS   OF    LAKE   SUPERIOR. 


III':'' 


P<»tinn.  Pctnr 
Potwcll,  Mari^arot 
Pickiinl,  Paul 
I'ai'aiiti'.'in,  PranvoiH 
I'cikiiis,  Murj^aift, 
i'laiit,  Lo\un 
Pioiix,  Paul 
l'a)j«'r,  Adflnidc 
I'iclit't,  FiiiiiviMH 
J'iclH't.  Nosctt 
Piclift.Jcaii  H'to 
I'iclit't,  Nancy 
Pi<'ln't,(J('()rf;»' 
l'icli«!t,>SiiMau 
IMcIii't.Mary 
Picli.'t.Paiil 
Ki).v,Lalu3  '' 

Koy,  .JaiiUiH 
Hoy,  Nancy 
U<)i,.liilia 
Hoy,  (loorgo 
l{()\v(l,.I()liu 
Hire,  .Folin  " 

h'ici',  .Sarah 
l\*asli((ii,Cliarli)tti' 
l{iiH(-cll,  Sarali 
l\'()H(l»'aii,  CaroliiR' 
Kolmiri",  Felix 
Renville,  Haptistc 
h'»<»iix,Jnlia 
Roy,  Pranvoirt  JJ'tc 
Hare,  .Snsan 
iSiirc,  JoNclto 
iit.  Denis  Jaoqne 
St.  Denis,  Ru.'saliu 
Six,  .lano 
Sivan,  Mary 
Sivan,  Catharine 
Satmtware,  Cathariiu! 
Sharlonw,  Mary  Ann 
Smith,  Ellen 
Smith,  James 
Shanks,  Battis 
Spence,  Henry 
Spence,  Eliza 
St,  Clair,  Mary 
Siiu-lair,  Joset 
Sinelnre,  Amellia 
Sin(!lare,  Lonisa 
Sa';etons,  Shabarkom 
Saj^i'tous,  Shabourtc 
Sanson,  Baset 
Semetein,  Mary  Lonisa 
Shiifjota,  Adakani 
Sheryea,  Peter 
Sjiiner,  Elisha 
St.  lY'ters,  Francois. 


(,ir 
■i.JJ  ••S"H.  ,•■ 

';!lt(i    ,1 1!'--!!!'. 
'Id  iJil /   .  iJ!l-  '  • 

■.■Pi;!'  J)ji' 

.'lull  )  .-U'lfU       tfJliH>»! 

!«'liifi-i(:l/  .iMij>«4/if  .• 

Kllll*,,-/I!'li  i!- 

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-  .Ilfi/  .-  . 

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lUiTfH  ,■-,■  i:  .,  : 
t-i"(lil<ij:t'   AWri' 

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i'i(.:^,'j;l/.  .iMiiil'Mi 
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1 


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,u;!-'- 


i-Ji'Jii)!*-I 

I  I'll!  Jij.  » 

;;:■■■>. hu!T,;h 
..:i!t!l^    .\-<r':i 

•'■Kh;-'i     ii<;llv^ 

>  '!-iHi>'.i  ,'.!.' I "-7 


!  I  111  J  I 


,ii-rii 


.■i,,< 

!i  Hi 

;  M  i  •. 


St.  Peters,  Mary 
St.  Oerniaiti,  TJieresa 
Tan^o,  J«wepli,(Mnllro) 
Tiionnis,  Margaret 
TiiomaH,  Franeis 
Toiiran»l,Jean  B'to 
Taylor,  Alexander 
Turpin.JoHetto 
Tate,  John 
Tate,  Peter 
Toutersho,  Louise 
Tifanlt,  Veronio 
Tranihly,  Mary 
Tanner,  Charlotte 
Urisone,  Parifero 
Uher,  Madeline 
Vapenr,-Jane,  (Lapointe) 
Vivi(!r,  Anj{elic 
Valle,  Maria 

Vallt!,  Louise  ' 

Vallez,  Madelaino 
Vallc/-,  Louis  '' 

Vallez,  Phollomon 
Vallez,  Jennette  P, 
Vandue,  I'eter 
Vandue,  Pattiso 
Vayant,  Madeline 
Vayant,  Mary 
Vayant,  Louisa 
Vayant,  Therese 
Villeneuvo,  Josetto 
Villeueuf,  Anjjeliiiuo 
Vilneuve,  Cutlihert 
Villineuf,  Marj^aret 
Vilandrier,  Cecilia 
Victory,  Ursulo 
V<nniet,  Margaret 
Voudalle,  Rosalie 
Vondalle,  Peter  '  ' 

Voudalle,  Josetto 
Whitney,  Jo.sephiue 
Warren,  llenry 
Warnui,  Josepli 
Warreu,  Edward 
Warren,  Julia  A.  '' 

Warren,  Anna  B.  ' 

Warreu,  Amanda  T. 
Warreu,  John  B. 
Warren,  Sophia  A. 
Willes,  Mary 
Willes,  Louisa 
Willson,  Sabage 
Westa-sh,  Clearica 
Young,  Harriet 
Zaz,  Conzac 
Zouardauce,  Obcsouc 


*t*". 


List  of  api 


^V^\      ...I'xV  ,..    ■v.'■•u^   ill 


Aikiii.  Sliawf 

•  i  if 

*  '- 

.\il,iii,  Au'asi 

J  1 1 

.\ikiiiM,  Mary 
A/iirt'.  Mary 

■..\v>'.'. 

i  ,M.i5 

A/iil'i',  iMabel 

''■; 

i{<';lill'i'.i;al'il,  . 
Ilrniiinl,  I'ilis 
lliili'V,  1,1a  l»el 

i!- ':%.■.' 

V     '  ' 

lliiini'llo,  liOi 

'HVi;:-':' 

Ui 

lli'liiMii't,  She 

;i  '.I'lt'ii! 

a)-..-.!;- 

linilli'flr,  Jos 

i  •  H:u'- 

!■'    i,-n. 

ll.iiiiM,  .Mai'gii 

:r,,.M 

.  /  •■A-„ 

llii-lii'V,  .lo.sei 

i:<i:M 

■ii---'  - 

li,i|itislc,  Mat 

in.><(i-. 

llnisVl'I't,  SlISI 

)If;;<l!  ii' 

.!!■   'f, 

(. 

H<ii>i|iii'l,  Mai 
IViinrn'M,  Mm 

'.  .->>  1 

I'liiiiiiiiiinl,  'I" 

rifi..:.  ,' 

'Miiii'ni 

I'linllillllI'd,  .Jl 

mil., 

'^ . 

Inciiiii,  .'\nnit 

(ii;-M.. 

1  .'■ 

Ciivivl,  Made 
(.'iilli'ii,  Lizzii 

ti.V;u,l/ 

'    ■■•I...L 

('aiii|ilii'll,  Ma 

'  i!l.^. 

.:U.  >!■.., 

(jiiili,  Margar 

r.ny 

• t  .A<», 

('(ink,  Lsaliclli 

HI  . 

.1.  ..i-,... 

(link,  ,l(i.sctt<! 

.Mioiiit  • 

.'i'r-y'n'u. 

1  iiiilii'itii,  Phi 

■:|i',. 

Ciildt,  Josettt 
Ciiliii,  Anjfelic 

■'■■■■. 

K)  .n:!> 

Coliti,  Itclsey 

ijiirii'i|i:i 

•1  j-jiiii 

Cqilct,  S.Ta'pl 

iJfi-.v'i. 

■ilti'.;.! 

Uiai'ctlf,  J()S( 

iilJlllr. 

.'.".ii.n::.. 

CiiiM'tiiz,  Carol 

i  .i  !»,'ii' 

,;i;-nfi!i 

Ciiriliiial,  Brid 

...;/.•.•.■! 

;.:iH;i;. 

(.■'iiiitlialcnnt!. 

il'.h.il . 

':.:(l'l.l  "' 

I'l'liiMiais,  He 

■'r  ■ 

Hiijuas,  Siisian 
Diiiiii'l,  Marie 

1 .  i :  ■  ■ '  I     i 

u.    ■'.'!■• 

Itavis,  .Mary 
I'i'ifiti'aii,  isal 

■uw:   if 

;.','li;ii'  1 

I'l'iniii'ais,  Mai 

''i.ijij.I 

•t'.-:V  ',  y 

Hfiiiai'ais,  Mai 

'  '''^41  ■'*  ■'' 

:.r:;,ii  1 

IdMiiarais,  .Mai 

■  .,:-i: 

•.  :ii  .»  :." 

liiil'linn.u',  M 

1'il.:;t 
1      i 

•■■'•Id'-' 
.     ,   (i'i'i:' 

.  1  1  :' 

l>"liinii,.Marga 
Iii'lnnii,  Aiigeli 
liii('liiir!M(',M 

7"  !  (    " 

l'a(i|iliiiiay.  Mi 
iJiiisf,  Isalii'lla 
I'li'illi'y,  .Marga 
I'li'ilcrick.  Mar 

fj 

■  I 

''i(ini(iii,,liiliu 

Int  of  (ijtpli 


l'"«'liii«,  HUen 
IV  Lima  is,  llel, 
"liit.Ailcliiie 
biiiiutlc,  A.  J. 

.'5  II  B 


CHIPPEWA   HALP-HREEOS   OP   LAKE   SUPERIOR. 


33 


.  J".  .!  ii 

i 

r.li...  ,, 

1  1.1  .  ' 

A'i.tU 

VI   111', 

i.'Cii  i' 

lit'  '1. 

-.  .«i    ! 

r.Til'.:.  ,' 

'  '■n\\i 

"iiii, 

.  ,"M 

,|,^''W..' 

f 

1  111  •; 

r- 1  !  .. 

■ '! 
•I-'    , 

t'i  ■ 

M<)!:il'' 

■)■'    • 

1'     !< 

iltMil]!-' 

<  ,1'J 

t    ■     1'. 

■11) 
1    w.! 

;,:;lM 

I-'-     -ill 


/,wf «/  iippUvationHfor  nvrip  under  treaty  of  September  30,  18.")4,  talen  hi/ 
li.  F.  CroiceU,  tlnited  StatcH  spevidl  (U)ent,  in  IHHK 


Aik;n.  Sliiiwo 
AiLiii,  Au'iwiiiH 
Atkins,  Mary 
A/iirc,  Miiry 
A/iii'i'.  IhiiIihIIii 
lli;iiinj;iiiil,  SiiHiin 
llinianl,  Klisi^ 

lilllry,  I.-iillll'llll 

lliniirlli),  LoiiiKii 
llflllMll't,  SIh'j^iki 
Drmii'tli',  .loHctto 
lUii'ii,  .Miir;,'ari't 

|lll«l|('V,  .lllHfttH 

lUptislr,  .Mailflinc 
ll.iisvcrt,  Siisiin 
B<ii>i|iii-l,  iMiU'ijiirot 
IVaiil'ivs,  Miirio 
Climiiniinl,  'roii.saint 

I'linllillilI'd,  .Illllll 
I'lnMIIII,  Allllio 
(llVlVt,   MiHlelilll! 

(.'iilli'ii,  Liz/i(! 
Ciiiniilicll.  Margaret 
Ciiiili,  Miirj-'arct 
I'diili,  Isiilii'lla 
I  .ink,  .l(isi'lt(i 
I  .uilM'iiii,  I'liiloino 
Ciiilot,  .l(i.s(^tt«) 
I'nlin,  Angelic 
(.'iilin,  Iti'tscy 
I  iiplct.  St'iapliiiiu 
Uiiirctic,  .lowctto 
('nmt;i/,('iii"i>liii(! 
('iiiilitiMl,  Uridfict 
(''iiiii'liiiii'iiiK-,  Mariu 
111'  Lciiais,  Utileii 
iHiniis,  Sii.siana 
liiinicl,  Mariu 
Davis,  Mary 
iiii'iili'iiii,  iHaiiellti 
iii'iii;iniis,  Marjiamt 
lirinariiis,  Margaret 
I'liiianiiH,  Margaret 
I'M  (.'liimiii',  Madcrliiie 
D'liinn,  Margaret 
iii'liinii,  Angelic 
I>ii('iiai!iic,  Margaret 
l'aii|iliiiiiiy,  Marie 
Diasf,  Isiilii'llii 
t'iiiiiii'.v,  Margaret 
FiiMlciick.  Mary 
liiiinuiii,, Julia' 


I 


lull 
Ml 


,1  t..^ 


I  Goslin,  Angelic 
'  Grant,. Jimette 
I  Grunt,  Maria 
1  GranilholHc,  .Josette 
I  Gladsort,  .Julia 
I  Hamlin,  AnuU)lo 
I  Hinil,  Kniilie 
]  Hujil.iienevievo 

Keitland,  Margaret 

La  Fond,  Marie 

Laverdnre,  Angelic 

Laipiet,  IMira/ine 

L'lv[nier,  Marie,  (mother.) 

La  li()(|ue,  Marianne 

L'Eiiuier,  .Josette 

Livingston,  Margaret 

La  ItoMe,  Helen 

Letendre,  Julia 

La  Fontain,  Henrietta 

Lanzie,  Nancy 

Lepine,  Cecile 

Magnus,  .Susan 

McArthnr.  .Susan  .S. 

Maron,  Margaret 

JIaron,  Marie 

Mason,  Margaret 

Marcluind,  >iargaret 

Martel,  Eliza 

Nolan,  Isal)ellii 

Perish,  Sarah 

Perrault,  Susette 

Potrat,  Catherine 

Perrault,  Madelint; 

Quintanl,  Charlotte 

Kusscll,  Margaret 

Kochon,  Charlotte 

Kochou,  Isabella 

Shell,  Margaret 

Spenee,.I()Nt!tte 

Sayer,  .Su.sette 

Sere,  Cathernie 

Sonteur,  Catherine 

Tanclair,  .Josfitte 

Tauclair,  Margaret 

Thomas,  Marie 

Tlioniua,  Veronicu 

Vilbrnin,  Archango 

Vivier,  Emeuielia 

Viviir,  Angelic 

Valler,  Marie 

Vine,  Marie 

Vandall,  Phrusine 


Lhtof  (iitpUmtions  for  scrip  filed  in  Indian  Office  by  R.  F.  CroweU.  Oeto- 

■  ber  18,  1871. 


I'liwliiig,  Hllen 
IVhdiiais,  Helen 
Hl•i^l,  Ailcliue 
I.aiiiiutic,  A.  .1. 

.'5 II  IJ  S 


La  Ront,  Leanore 

Mathews,  Angelina 

Heirs  of  Josephine  Murtell 


im 


'.  ■*  •:.   ..  >■■■  '  ■  »h'  '*.T    s 

••.:'>'.i.«?-v-t,'A,v.>i»'.j.;.;a 
■■■•"^-^rV^:;'.- 

■..^■.•lF.^:'fc,-?^-i♦'•'  .1 

-    .  ;.■'.»■■•.    '•»-■•.-      ■! 

'•1'i^  '•'.■■' v"i '.;"(*<■  .,   I 

'■•;••■■  ■•, '  •■  •.  vi.«'.;,^.v  J 


■  ■* "   •■.•".•..■••..■  '■  ■ 

•    ■:■»  .V'V*  •••  '  <•'       *••   .•..       . 

•:-■■■■£■•■!■  :ir:'-^-.'C'  ■ .  ;J 


•J  '•  ■.»•  i'«*' 


r)r»m 


.•.■.■.=*'.•■-'  -  fta  -t}-  It 
■  ■.:  »  •■     s    r' '  '■■■);•   ■ 

■'••■  ■;■! ; t   ..      ■;*.  *  '<«  /•,■■ 

^^..:^.^••:r■.{.i•.t| 

;•..•■,  .'■.;'.       ."'. -■  :,'V-i'  11 


34 


CHIPPEWA   HALF-HREEDS   OF   LAKE   SUPERIOR. 


l*f<  'ti 


mm 


Lint  of  api>licati(>ns  /<»•  scrip  under  treaty  of  September  .'30, 18."»4,  tahn  hii 
the  xpeeial  eommiHsion  of  which  Henry  S.  Nenl  wan  ohairmun. 


Aiuliii,  Miuy 

JoliiiHoii,.Tn«otte      

Aitkeii.W. 

L«  K<)ilu«,  Mary 

t 

Btiliiii>{('r,  Paul 

1     .  ( i •  ■ , 

La  Pieiro,  AntoiiH) 

hi  .X 

.-•./I 

Hininii.OtioiKo 

-    ,,ti    '   t.  ■  .,  ^•..l 

La  Prairie,  .Idlni                 ' 

"'■*''',■' 

1   li,  ■,!, 

UolKunU',  Mnrjjarcr 

-■nil     Mil       '■!..,•.  1 

Mason,  Mainavot             '    ' 

'*MI  'li 

'  <  l;4.'. 

]3at().slic,  Jiiliii 

1 1..I  l/'I'l-     l,(>  •, 

Moiitriel.Marsarot          "' 

'lUlO         ; 

;'  i"  t> 

Ciulotte,  Miiiy  Ann 

J           1              I  ' 

MoriiHoii,  Maggii* 

CologixS  Jost'tti- 

/    J  I.'    (1<         It 

MonJHon.Ddiiald  G. 

Cajih-tte,  IsjiUfllii 

■ 

Saycr,  JoHL'tte 

1 

Dejfiinlon.  Paul 

-i".'        -'it:; 

Veriuet,  Margaret           ' 

.>,»..■., 

lU    i 

Flauinu(l,Maif^art't 

.i.|..r  (.        ■.i".i'- 

Valley,  Lizette          "1       "  ■ 

)l        111' 

■.•«in 

I'iau,  J(iN(!lt« 

-.,1  ,;:...,      1 

Welkley,  Aiiiatt        'M'      J/ 

1    'l'.          , 

"'    MMIl 

<iraiit,. Julia 

!'.•     .1  •' :    ■  " 

ProvoMt,  Josejili               ''"' 

1         1-      If      , 
'1.,..,.., 

■'1  ')il 

,,  ,1 

»  .    .  .  . ,  1  ,  <    ,1 

.  1 1  • , . ,     j 

1   )     t.      II.        ,.    1.1. J  I  1 

Ill)  v, 

•  1...I., 

A('.s'f  ofapplicdtionsfor  scrip,  under  treaty  of  September  30,  1854, //W  /» 
Indian  Office  October  25,  1871,  />»/  Henry  Heard,  esq.,  attorney. 


Azure,  Angelio  " 

Azure,  Ailelaido 
Azure,  Margaret 
lieauchainp,  Angelic 
IJoivert,  Susan 
Bouquet,  Margaret 
HelLunieur,  Josette 
BelLunieur,  Josette  Monet 
JSelliunieur,  Mnilelaine 
Brillniit,  Josette 
Boutineau,  Francoi.se  L. 
CLarrette,  Bridget 
L'hanipaigne,  Marie 
Cadot,  Mary  Ann 
Curtaz,  Caroline 
Dumas,  Charlotte 
Delornie,  Angelic 
Delornie,  Sarah 
Delornu',  I.sahella  .  , 

Delornie,  Margaret 
Dupie, Mary  Ann 
Dease,  Lueie 
Dease,  Isabella 
Frederick,  Adelaide 
Fagand,  Josette 
Gladue,  Madeline 
Gladue,  Leo  Cadie 
Gladue,  Catherine 
Grant,  Jen  vie  vro 
Grant,  Julia 
Harmon,  Margaret 
Hiimliu,  JUarie 
Jeanvene,  Marie 
Latuelle,  Margaret 


Laverdue,  Eliza 
Laudrie,  Mario 
Laroque,  Marie 
Lat'romboise,  Josette 
Langie,  Margaret 
Lai'ontaiuo,  Henrietta 
Morrou,  Josette 
Martel,  Rosalie 
Montour,  Marie 
Morain,  Margaret 
Parisien,  Margaret 
Parisien,  Ciiarlotte 
Pelit,  Angelic 
Pelit,  Catherine 
Pelit,  Margaret 
Poitras,  Marie 
Poitras,  Catherine 
Pareteau,  Josette 
Paquenamh',  Margaret 
Ritchat,  Susan 
Ritchat,  Margaret 
St.  Arneau,  Philomeue 
Sasarite,  Judith 
Sutherland,  Josette 
Smith,  Charlotte 
Tetrault,  Nancy 
Troque,  Margaret 
Wilkey,  Amelia        , , 
Wilkey,  Louise 
Wilkey,  Isabella 
Wilkey,  Marie 
Wallet,  Josette 
Wallet,  Angelic 
Wallet,  Marie 


•i'r{A 


■  '■■J  I 

"I  i:  tr. 
I.'.t4;(| 


'■'■]■'• 


List  of  applications  for  scrip,  under  treaty  of  September  30,  ISoi,  filed  i« 
Indian  Office  November  8, 1871,  by  Henry  Beard,  attorney. 


Ducept,  Angelic 
Dusianne,  Marie 
Grant,  Josette 
Lawrence,  Madeline 


Morrisette,  Elleu 
Riehot,  Rosalie 
Paquin,  Jeunieve 


CHIPPEWA   TIALF-BREKWS   OP    LAKE    SUPERIOR. 


35 


\n\^'^>,\'■^^y^^'^  ritllTKWAA   Ul-   I.AKK   Sl-p|-.niOR.    '^f^tUV-  \'>>  >  AV>.    >\'* 

( Trviitji  of  Stiithmher  -W,  1^54,  tirticle  2,  siihlivision  7.)  1,1',, 

■  Kiiili  lu'iul  of  It  family  or  Miuwle  p«rMcm  over  t\vt<iity-one  y«!iirH  of  ll^(^  at  tlm  jH'oseiit 
tiiii(>  (if  tlii^  inixi-il-lilootls  l>ttliii)u;>>)K  '^*  tlioCliipiiuvviiNuf  Lttki't<ii)i('i'ioi' shall  li«ifiiMtl)!(l 
t,M'ij!lity  acivs  of  laiul,  to  1)0  (MjlectiMl  by  tluMii,  uu<lcr  tliii  (lin-ction  of  tlio  I'lCHideiit, 
,111(1  wliii'li  hIiuII  Im!  Hecunstl  to  tliuui  by  ptttuiit  in  tliu  ti.siial  foiin." 

Oi'i'icK  MiciiKiAX  Indian  Aokncv,    '    '  , 
Ihlroit, ,  185(5.    , 

I  do  lii.Teby  certify  tlint  (A.  IJ.,)  of  La  Poiutc,  Wis.,  is  oiih  of  tlio  porsons  de- 
„rili((l  ill  till!  above  jirovisioiis  coiituinuil  in  tliu  treaty  of  .SfpttMiibur  M,  1p<54,  witlithu 

1  liimicwas  of  Lake  Superior,  nud  tl«at is  entitled  to  ei(j;lity  acres  uf  laud, 

astlii'ifin  i)rovidt'd. 

It  is  cxiiressly  nndcrstood  and  declared  tliat  any  sale,  transfer,  niortKajje,  assijjninent, 
iir  jilctlj;*'  of  this  eertilicatf,  or  of  any  rights  iiecrnin^  nnder  it,  will  not  in-  reeojrnized 
lis  valid  by  the  United  States;  and  that  the  patent  for  lands  located  by  virtue  thereof 
«li;dl  lie  issued  directly  to  the  above-named  reservee,  or  his  heirs,  and  shall  in  nowise 
inure  to  the  beneflt  of  any  other  person  or  persons.         ,  ..^    ,  .,    . 


\[i[iroved 


WAMllNCiTON,    ,    Icijt;. 


MM  I'  ;•  i'  , 

..(/.I/   .    .-1, 


Sivretnry  of  the  Inlerior. 

I liave  selerted  the  following-described  tract  of  land,  to  wit:  ,  and  request 

tiiata  patent  may  be  issued  therefor  in  my  name. 

Dated ,  1*")6. 

[Signed]  '     "'■ 

Witness:  '■'"''!'"'., 


■I'     111  ■  I i . 1 1  1  1:1 

.1.    ',     -:;--l..i[ 


Form  of  Bcrip  inaued  to  the  Jioriips, 


i  ni    '    -I  ,  "  I  ' 


I  liereliy  certify  that 


'       ■         i  DKPAHT.MKNT  OK  TIIK    InTRUIOH, 

"     •  '  Oi'i'iCK  OK  Indian  Akkaiks, 

■;  '■  "    ■   '    '    '  Janiianri'i,  lHti4. 

,  of ,  in  the  State  of ,  is  one  of  the 

iifisdiis  described  in  the  provisions  contained  in  the  treaty  of  Septend)er  :J(),  l.':ir)4,  with 

ihf  L'liippewas  of  Like  Superior,  aud  that  the  said is  entitled  to  eighty 

acif8  (if  )aii<l,  as  therein  provided. 

It  is  hereby  expressly  declared  that  any  sale,  transfer,  mortgage,  assignment,  or 
iilidfic  of  this  certificate,  (U' of  any  right  accruing  under  it,  will  not  be  recognized  as 
•  aliil  liy  the  United  States;  .and  that  the  patent  f.>r  lands  located  by  virtue  thereof 
^luiil  be  issued  directly  to  the  above-named  reservee,  or  his  or  her  heirs,  and  shall  in 
iiowis(3  inure  to  the  beuetit  of  any  other  person  or  persons;  and  that  the  object  aud 

imrpose  of  this  certificate  is  to  identify  the  said  above-named as  one  of 

tb(!  persons  entitled  to  the  benefits  of  the  provisions  of  the  seventh  clause  of  the  second 
article  of  the  treaty  aforesaid. 

Given  under  my  hand  aud  the  seal  of  the  Department  of  the  Interior  this  day  and 
year  above  written. 


Commhiiioiivr, 


.\\ 


b: 


Xii. 


Depautment  of  the  Ixtekioh,  Office  of  Indian  Affairs, 

Waxhiiigton,  1).  C,  Autfmt '.il,  1808. 

I  liereby  certify  that ,  of ,  has  furnished  evidence  satisfactory  to 

lliis  Department  that is  oue  of  the  persoua  referred  to  iu  the  sevouth  clause  of 


•  '■''*-  ''1  •    'I 


:'■  .  '.;"-.'-.f  !      •■''     1 

V •'.'■,  ■:r>'  ;»»  ■':.  ii 


Hfi 


CHIPFKWA    IIALK-UKKKIKS    OF    F.AKK    SUPERIOR. 


Kiciiiiil  iii'ti*:l«M>('  tin;  tn-iity  condiKlrd  lictNVftii  tlm  United  iStiiti'H  iiiiil  tli<>  ('lii|i|H'\\;i 
liiiliiitiN.  of  linkn  Siii»'i'ior,  iiihI  llii»  MiNsi.sMi|>|ii,  Sf|i»iimlicr  \W,  IH.")!.  wliiih  siviiinii 
rlMiisr  of  Hiiiil  lutirlt' of  >aiil  ti't'iily  iHaH|oUo\^N,  vi/. : 

■•  I'lU'li  IicimI  of  a  fniiiil.v  oi  NiiiKl**  p«i>toii  ovtT  t\Vfiit>-oiii'  yfiiiH  of  ««••  at  tlic  luoHt'in 
tiiiii',  of  till'  iiiixcd-lilooilH,  lii'loiiKJiii;  to  llie  (:|ii|i|MnvaN  of  Lako  Huiii^inr,  nIihH  Iii'i.;,. 
titled  to  ci^lity  acres  of  land,  to  lie  heieeted  liy  tiielii  under  tile  dileetioli  of  the  Pjimj 
di'iit,  and  wliieli  hIiiiII  lie  Neciired  to  tlieiii  Wy  (lateiit  in  tlio  ii»iiiiil  fonii," 

And  that  the  wiiid in  entitled   to  eighty  iumcm  of   land,  an  therein  prd- 

\ided,  and  that  ii|)on  the  |ii'eHeiitation  of  thin  eertilUate  ut  a  lociil  lund-oDlie  l|j|vi||^ 

JMiii-dietion, will  lie  eiitith-d  to  select  from  any  of  the  viicaiit  lands,  sni'vcyvil  uf 

ini!«iirveyed,  wiiicli  were  ceded  to  tlio   United  States  liy  the  said  treaty  of  .Sepn  nilm 

'■'<>.  Ir^.'i4,  eighty  ncres  ot   lund,  und  a  puteut  iliull  he  iuHued  to in  the  nsiiui  I'lirni 

therefor. 

This  certilicale  is  not  assifiiiulile,  and  it  is  expressly  declared  that  any  sale.  traiislVi, 
iiiortKiiK''-  !iHsi)i;ninent,  or  plcd^i)  thnieof,  or  of  any  ri>{ht  Hccrniiif^  under  it,  will  not  he 
nconnized  a."  valid  liy  the  United  Htates,  and  that  the  oliject  ol   this  certilUatc  ii  [„ 

iili'iitify  the  said  atiove-nained as  one  ot  the  persons  entitled  to  tin;  Ihmi- 

etit  of  the  provisions  of  the  seventh  «'laiise  of  the  second  article  of  the  ti'cnt,\  atbiv- 
said. 

(dven  nnder  my  hand  on  the  day  and  year  iirst  ahove  written. 


I'ommimoiii: 


r, 


i\ 


So.  — .  Di-,i',\irrMi:NT  ov  tiik  Intkrkih,  Oki'Ick  (U'  Imhax  Aii'.vius, 

Wmhiiiijloii,  J>.  C,  yorvDiber  17,  IHftr. 

1  liereliy  certify  that ,  of ,  has  fiirnishod  evidence  Hutisfuetory  to 

this  Department   that i^  one   of  the  persons  referred  to  in   the   seventli  cliiiisi' 

of  the  second  article  of  the  treaty  conelnded  between  the  United  States  and  tluiCliip- 
l»'wa  Indians  of  Lake  Superior  and  the  Mississippi,  Septeinlier  ;{(),  l*'i4,  which  Niveiitli 
clause  of  said  article  of  said  treaty  is  as  follows,  viz  : 

;  ■•  Kach  head  of  a  family  or  sinjile  person  over  twciiity-one  years  of  ajje  ivt  the  iirt'Sfiit 
time,  of  the  mixed-liloods,  lielonginj;'  to  the  Chippewas  of  Lake  Superior,  shall  lie  en- 
titled to  eighty-acres  of  land,  to  he  si'lectcd  by  them  under  the  direction  of  the  rioi 
(lent,  and  wliich  shall  be  secured  to  them  liy  a  patent  in  the  usual  form  ;" 

And  that  the  said is  entitled  to  eighty  acres  of  land,  as  therein  pin 

\  idcd,  and  that  upon  the  presentation  of  this  certilicate  at  a  local  land-ollice  Inivin;; 

jurisdiction, will  bo  entitled  to  select  from  any  of  the  vacant  lands,  surveyed  m 

luisurvi^ycd,  which  were  ceded  to  the  Unitiid  States  by  the  said  treaty  of  Se]ittiiuliir 

;'■".  lH,"i4,"  eighty  acres  of  land,  and  a  patent  shall  be  issued  to in  the  usual  form 

therefor. 

This  ccrtilicati!  is  not  assignable,  and  it  is  expressly  dtsclared  that  any  sale,  transfiT, 
mortgage,  assigiimiMit,  or  pledge  thereof,  or  of  any  right  at!criung  under  it,  will  not  In 
M(o<'nizc<l  as  v.ilid  by  the  United  States,  and  that  the  object  of  this  certilicate  is  In 
identify  the  saJ«l  above-named as  one  of  the  persons  entitled  to  thu  bout- 
til  iif  the  provisitins  of  the  seventh  clause  of  the  secoud  article  of  the  treaty  afore- 
s.i.l. 

Given  under  my  hand  on  the  day  and  year  tirst  above  written. 

I 
.       ■  .    •  I  •  CommimoMr. 


By  order  of  the  Secretary  of  the  Interior,  bearing  date  October  '28  iuid  'i\),  18(i8,  tills 
ceitilicate  is  also  locatable  uiion  any  of  the  lands  ceded  to  the  United  States  unilertlie 
i.nlow  ing  treaties,  viz  :  with  the  Red  Lake  and  Pembina  bauds  of  Chippewas  of  October 
•,',  l^ti3,  Chippewas  of  the  Missisnippi  of  May  7,  1864,  and  also  that  w  itii  last  named 
I'iuul  Ucbruary  '22, 1^55. 


Comiiimmei; 


'f 


No.  — . 


DlCPARTMEXT  OF  THE  InTERIOK,  Ol'FICt:  OF  ts'DIAN  AFFAIIt.S, 

Washinyton,  D.  C, ,  1S09. 

1  hereby  certify  that ,  of ,  has  furnished  evidence  sati!<l'actory  ti> 

this  Department  that  - 


,  ot ,  nas  lurnisueu  eviuence  satis^iacioij  i" 

is  one  of  the  jiersous  referred  to  in  the  seventh  clause  of  tbc 


u 


CHIPPKWA    IIALF-nRi:F,l)S   OF   LAKE    fltrpRRIOR. 


n? 


I'ommimomr, 


Commissioiit)'- 


Conmif'^iow. 


(.rniid  lutii'li'  «>f  tlic  tmity  eoiii'ltidod  lii«tW4«iii  flm  IFnitfd  8tnt('K  and  tlio  CLi|i|)f\vu 
IiiiliiiiiH  of  liiik«>  Sn|MTittr  mid  flu*  Mis«iHHi|»)>i,  s.-pttMiiln'i-  :I0,  IHi'it,  wliicli  i«iv«ntli 
ilmiKi'  III'  sjiiil  iii'tii'lr  of  Htiid  trnity  Ih  as  follown,  \  i/  : 

•' Kiiih  linidofa  fiiinily,  (>rHiiinli>  p<>i>*<iii  ov«'r  twenty-one  yciiVH  of  mfvi  iit  tliopri^Nciit 
;{iii(>,  iif  till'  inixiMl-liloodH,  liitloii^iii);  to  tin-  (/'lM|ipi<wiiM  iif  Liikx  >Siipui'ior,  .shall  1»' 
Hiititli'il  to  ('i>{lity  iicrcH  of  land,  to  Jio  Hulcctt'd  liy  tlit'iii  uixler  the  dirctitiuii  of  tliD 
I'lVHlilriit,  and  wlilrli  Nliall  Ixt  Nt'cnrcd  to  tliitiii  liv   {lattMit  in  tlin  imnikl  foiiii ;" 

And  tliiit  till'  Hiiid in  I'niith'd  •     ciKti'y  iirn-H  of  land,  an  fluTidii  pro- 

\ii|i'il.  anil  lliat  npini  tint  )>ri>Mt'ntiit Ion  of  this  .    rtillcatt*  at  a  lorikl  lunil-otlico  liiiviii^ 

jiiriHiliction, will  hiwiitillrtl  to  Hi'li'ct  from  any  of  tlti>  vacant  lands,  hiu'viwimI  or 

msiirvi'Vi'd,  which  wen'  codi'd  to  the  rnitcd  States  l»y  the  suid  triiaty  of  Septeinliei 
10,  l-'il:  oi,  as  decided  l>y  the  Secietiiiy  (d  the  Interior,  jiiuler  date  of  Oitoher 'i" 
111(1  ■j',1,  |s(p',  the  party  to  wiHiin  this  certitieate  is  isHiied  will  also  lie  perniilted  lo 
W:\tv  tlie  same  upon  lands  within  the  limits  of  the  territory  ceded  to  the  Iftiitid 
Siiitisliy  the  second  article  of  the  tieatv  lietween  the  United  States  and  the  Ued  I.,ake 
ind  rniiliina  hands  of  (;iii|)pewas,  of  Octoher  'i,  Ml):i,  or  within  Ihii  limits  of  the  terri- 
imy  iimIciI  hy  the  lirst  article  of  the  treaty  lielwecn  the  I'nited  States  and  the  (;iiii>- 
|M«iis  of  file  Mississiiipi  of  May  7,  H<il,  or  within  the  limits  of  the  tract  I'l'ded  to  tin- 
liiiti'd  States  hy  the  lirst  article  of  the  treaty  lietween  the  United  States  and  the  (,'liip- 
:»'\\;iH  III'  the  .Mississip|ii  of  Fehrnary  '■i'i,  M.Vt,  <dt(lity  acres  of  land,  and  a  ptitent  shall 
ill'  is>iird  to ill  the  nsnal  I'orni  therefor. 

Ill  flic  event  of  selections  liciii;;  made  wit  hill  the  limits  of  either  of  the  three  last- 
laiiii'd  districts  of  coiiiitry,  and  npon  iinsiirveyed  lands,  the  lioimdaries  of  such  selic- 
Miiiis  iiinst  he  adjnsteil  ill  conformity  with  the  lines  of  tlie  ollieial  surveys  when  the 
Mini'  siiall  he  made. 

Tills certilii^ate  is  not  ussii^nahle,  and  it  is  expressly  declared  that  any  sale,  traiisi'er, 
:iiiiir;jaf;e,  assiy;iinieiit,  or  pledjje  tiiereof,  or  of  any  ri^lil  accniiiijr  under  It,  will  not  lie 
:.iiii;iii/i'd  as   valid   hy  the  United  States,  and  that  the  object  of  this  certitieate  is  to 

Mentit'y  the  said  ahove-nanied as  one  of  the  persons  ontitled  to  the  In  ii- 

itit  of  the  ]U'ovisions  of  tliu  seventh  clau.s»  of  tho  uucund  artich;  of  the  treaty  alore- 
iiiiil. 

(iiveii  under  my  hand  on  tho  day  and  your  lirst  ahovo  written. 


t'ommiimioiii  r. 


(iii'i 


No.  1. 


.11. 1 


I  ,   II,!        Dki'.vktmhnt  ok  TiiK  Intkkiok,  Oii'ifK  oi'  Indian  Aki'.\ii{s, 

June  15,  If^.'ji'i. 

Sir:  I  have  to  acknowledKO  tlie  receipt  of  your  letter  of  tlu' yth  instant,  relatiii;n  to 
rwrvafiiins  of  hind  for  the  Chippewa  Indians,  iiiuler  the  treaty  of  .Septeiiilii.'r  last,aiid 
iiiiiliiiii;  certain  'in|uiries  re};ariliii;j;  the  constriictioii  proper  to  he  placed  upon  the  scv- 
Hitli  siihdivision  of  the  second  article  of  that  treaty. 

In  reply  to  your  inijiiiries,  I  answer  alliriiiatively  the  three  lirst  stated  liy  yon,  that. 
:!■*■' facli  head  of  a  family  or  Hiiigle  jHrnon  over  twenty-one  years  of  ii>;e  "  is  entitled,  fe- 
iiiiilcs  onr  iwnitii-onebvbifi  niniitepcrxfuiKfiiH  well  as  kwi/oic**,  htMii  of  families,  come  within 
ilii'fii'iily  inovisiou;  anil  that  the  toriii  "  inixed-hloods  "  has  heeii  coustriieil  to  uiuau 
;ill  who  are  ideiititied  as  having  a  mixture  of  ludiaii  and  white  blood. 

The  piniiciilar  proportion  of  each  blood  is,  therefore,  iiniiiatcrial,  where  the  provision 
i-si)  limad  as  that  stateil  in  the  treaty. 

.\s  rc^jiirds  your  fourth  or  las-  inijiiiry,  whether  claimants  should  be  reiiuired  to  fiir- 
M-\\  evidence  of  their  rij;ht  before  you  enter  their  iiauies,  I  have,  to  stale  that  yuii 
"liimid  enter  all  naiiies  that  you  shall  be  .satisfied  from  proper  care  and  inijiiiiy  are 
mnd-hliiiids  according  to  the  construction  above  named,  lint  as  a  precautionary  inea- 
siirc.  luid  to  <rnard  as  well  tho  rip;hts  of  the  Indians  as  the  (iovernnient,  yon  should 
siiliiiilt  the  list,  when  eompleted,  for  the  revision  of  the  j;eneral  council  of  the  Indians. 
:iiiil>tiii<i'  ott'  or  add  to  the  names  on  such  list  in  accordance  with  the  facts  therein  as- 
irtaliied.  Tile  Indians  theniseives,  in  council,  by  their  own  tiiiilitioiis  and  kiiowl- 
'■■h:  will  ilimbtle.ss  jrreatly  aid  in  arrivinji  at  the  facts  retiardini;  the  ancestry  of  tliosi' 
'•>li"iiiay  claim  under  the  provisions  for  luixed-bloods. 

'-'lire  siioMJd  be  taken  to  note  oi>poslte,  each  name  who  the  jiersou  is,  as  to  parciitajje 
|'r),'ciiciilof.y.    This  course  will  jiroduce  a  record  that  will  facilitate  the  action  of  this 
"ilici;  ill  tlie  settlement  of  all  cases  that  may  hereafter  ociuir  wherein  ((nestlons  of  licir- 
^liiji  luise,  and  be  {fenerally  serviceable  to  the  Department. 
Veiy  respectfully,  voiii'  obedient  .servant, 

GEO.  W.  MANYl'ENNV. 
Comiimaioiitr, 

IlKxitv  C.  Gii.hkrt,  Esq., 

Indian  Agent,  Detroit,  Mich, 


:  V.-' ' '  .* 


*  . 


4'  ■ 


■K 


J  .. 


^^-.fvit..^:^'..;v 

.  ">    '  .'      ;■• 

■  ••••it ».■'..'   •     '  1  1 


t  •  '-jj*  .<;■•-;?..■■■•. 

i   ■  .    '-'."*.  1.  ..   -    ■ 

•  '•  ,f4^- ;fJf;^>'5^rr 


-.■■"i>, ••«->>  ■■  ■.**.■••■, I 

■•■...  *'vS;~:.:  r'i;  ■; 


^-r^-'-.^' 


i»'*;3---;--.-s.:  :f  ■■  \ 

"v  ■.'.•■■'^'•.vwj';='*.^v 

WTn     ■■  4  ♦   •-  ■:■■■  1  .' 
•■  r  •••■  .V.  ■  —'f  •■'..i 

■.•;■.■■.-/■.:*.»  I  vv 

■j  V  -'^'i  ■■■•  11-  \~!i  • 


O!) 


CHIPPEWA    HALF-BRKKDS    OF    LAKE    Sl'PERlOR. 


N(».  -i. 


,'i   .111!, 


Gkneicai,  TiAxn-OFKicK,  Fchniarn  2'.],  IKfi, 

Sin  :  I  liave  tlio  liruior  to  return  lu-rtswith  tlic  U'tter  of  the  17tli  instant,  from  Mi.  ]f 
C.  CiilluTt,  Indian  ayeiit,  sn<;f;<-'Htinj;  the  isMiieof  wcriji  or  land  ccrtiticateM  to  tlii' IiKlim,^ 
( iititled  to  land  under  tlie  st'Viuitli  section  of  tlie  second  article  of  the  treaty  witli  tlic 
Cliippewas  of  Lake  Sui)»!rior  of  theoOth  of  Sei>teuiber,  l'?54,  (Unit(!d  States  Statiitesiit 
Liirj;e,  vol.  10,  ])af;e  llld.)  with  a  form  of  certificate,  concurred  in  hy  the  Coimnissioiu.i 
of  Indian  Afl'airs,  referre<l  by  you  to  this  Oflice  on  the  yotli  instant  for  my  opinion. 

The  seventh  section  of  the  second  article  of  said  treaty  rei|uires  the  hnul.s  t(i  be 
selected  by  them,  (the  Indiaus,)  "under  direction  of  the  President,  and  which  slmllbt' 
Ktcni'ed  to  them  by  patent  in  the  usual  form."  Tim  third  article  of  said  treaty  contains 
astipulation  that  th(!  Presid<'nt  nuiy,  "at  his  discretion,  make  rules  and  n  ;{nl;ili(i::s 
respectinj;  the  dis])osition  of  the  land.s  in  case  of  the  death  of  the  head  of  a  I'ainilv  (ir 
single  per.son  occu)>yin}i  the  same,  or  in  case  of  its  abandonment  by  them,  and  may  also 
assij^n  other  lands  in  exchange  for  mineral  lands,  if  any  such  are  found  iu  the,  trads 
herein  set  apart,"  &c. 

There  is  no  provision  \vliat«^ver  in  the  treaty  for  the  hi-<\uuix  of  na'ip  ov  haid iTrtific(it(.i, 
and,  in  my  judgment,  there  is  no  law  for  it.     If  adoi>ted,  even  as  a  temporary  expi'dicnt, 

it  seems  to  me  it  would  be  fraught  with  many  evils  iu  opening  the  door  to  s} iiliitimi 

and  irregularities,  by  creating  a  sort  of  Indian  prc-(;mptinu  tlont,  liaiiit;  to  pas.s,  imlj. 
rectly  if  not  directly,  inio  other  hands — leading  to  disputes  iu  ownership,  and  lluhleto 
conflicts  with  settlers.  The  treaty  should  be  considered  as  a  whole,  and  iu  that  oiisi' 
the  provisions,  as  above  ([noted,  a])pear  to  coutemfilate  personal  ownersliip  and  po.v 
session  by  the  Indian,  and  are  designed  to  guard  against  any  tran.sfer  of  iiis  viijlits 
befort^  the  i.ssuiug  of  the  patent,  for  it  declares  that  the  land  ''  shall  be  .secured  toflicm 
by  patent." 

Tilt!  ])roppr  course  to  be  pursued,  in  my  opinion,  is  for  the  locations  to  be  maili' 
throiigh  the  Indian  agent,  under  his  responsibility  as  au  otti(!cr,  after  consultiiliDH 
with  the,  parties  claiming,  and  in  this  all  intervention  of  outside  int(!rest(Hl  ijintiis 
should  be  prevented  as  mueh  as  possible.  The  proper  instructions  could  be  given  tn 
tile  land  ol'ticers  and  the;  surveyor-general  to  indicate  and  report  those  selections  in 
advaiu'c  of  the  tiual  aitiiroval  of  the  same  ;  and  tluMi,  after  the  selections  for  the  re- 
spective reservei  s  ar(i  reported  to  the  Indian  Bureau,  and  liiuilly  aj)i)roved  in  sndi  a 
form  as  will  show  the  name  of  the  reservee  and  special  allotment  of  his  reserve,  tlii'ic 
will  lie  no  diliiciilty,  and  patents  will  issue  accordingly. 

I  beg  leave  to  add,  however,  that,  if  the  views  herein  expressed  should  not  be 
ai)proved,  and  it  should  bt  determiued  to  issut!  the  scriji,  this  otitice  will  issiu'  .sncb  In- 
st rui'tiouH  to  the  local  ollicers  as  to  facilitate  the  locations.  In  any  event  I  beg  kavi' 
to  juld,  as  the  opinion  of  this  oftice,  that  the  patents  should  issue  to  the  rcsorvees,  and 
not  to  assignees. 

With  great  resjtcct,  your  obedient  servant, 

TIJOS,  A,  liENDKlCKS. 
)  CommisHiomr, 

Hon.  Kobi,  McCm;i,i..vm), 

Svcrvtarii  of  the  Iiitirior. 


Dki'.vi{t.mk: 


m  r 


Tho  foregoing  letter  was  sent  to  the  f)fiHce  of  Indian  Affairs,  March  3,  1H.')(),  with  tlie 
following  nunuorauduiu  made  by  the  Secretary  of  tlu;  Interior:  "  Let  niem(Uiui(lnnisbi 
given  Indians  as  iirojioseil,  but  with  a  clause  expressly  and  decidedly  against  any 
transfer,  mtn-fgage,  \-c.  Patent  be  issued  to  the  Itididii,  and  not  in  any  wisi;  to  inui' 
to  the  benelitof  any  one  but  the  Iiuliun  and  his  heirs," 


No. 


ill" 


DKI'.Un.MKNT  OK  THK  IXTKIMOI!,  Ol  TICK  i>V  iNniAX  .\l  I'.\ri!S, 

March  VJ,  I'^r.li. 

.Sin  :  Inclosed  I  transmit  a  form  of  certificate  to  be  issued  to  the  mixed-blooilsol  the 
('lii|ipewa  Indians  of  Lake  Snpericu',  prei>ared  in  pursuance  of  your  suggistions  n|iiii. 
the  .'subject,  the  object  of  which  is  to  i<lentify  the  person  whom  it  may  describe  as  mi' 
entitled  to  the  beiu'fits  of  the  seventh  clause  of  the  .second  sirticle  of  the  Ciiipiii'w.i 
treaty  of  Septenibei'  W.  b*r)4,  and  to  facilitate  the  location  of  his  or  her  hind. 

In  reference  to  the  objections  of  the  (Jeneral  Land-OI'licM*  to  the  issue  of  tliesc  ii'ili 
fieates,  I  regard  them  as  fonndcnl  upon  a  mistaken  view  of  tin;  subject.  It  is  >ii"l'l.* 
impossible  for  these  locations  to  be  matle  by  the  Indian  agent;  the  piirtii's  an' 
scattered  over  a  wide  extent  of  country,  aud  their  locations,  instead  of  being  conlincil 


•^^«::J1 


CHIPPEWA    HALF-BREEDS    OF    LAKE    SUPERIOR. 


39 


;i  tliP  rc!<iM'vatioiis  sixjcitioil  in  tliw  tnvity,  iis  t!in  C iHiiiuis-iiiniiM'  si*  "in  t  >  sirtp  n  >,  caii- 
.|i)t  he  uiiulo  witltiii  tlitMU  at  all,  but  will  uiid(ml>t(.'(lly  bi)  sproad  ovci-  a  i>:U't  of  Miclii- 
^t;m,  Wisooiisiu,  and  Miunosota,  thus  uia1{in<j;  it  impracticable  for  the  aijc.nt  to  make 
thiir  scli'ctioHH. 

The  vitnv.s  of  the  General  Land-Oilfice  volato  to  the  third  Hcetioii  of  the  treaty,  and  to 
tilt"  iiinils  specifically  reserved  for  the  Indians  themselves ;  whereas  tlie  prasent  action 
ha'irofi'venctVoiily  to  the  mixed-blnods  of  the  tribe,  and  the  provisions  made  for  tlicm  by 
thi'si'ViMitii  clause  of  the  se'iond  article,  and  lias  no  connection  with  the  general  pur- 
poses of  the-  trtfaty,  or  witli  the  spocifio  reserves. 

Tile  tiertilicate,  it  is  believed,  is  so  drawn  as  to  avoid  the  dangers  apprehended  from 
(peculation  or  fraud,  and  is  calculated  to  prevent  rather  than  to  cause  disputes  and 
ililticnlties   with  the  settlers.     I  think,  therefore,  that  the  proposcul   plan  is   the  best 
miller  the  circumstances  that  could  be  adopted,  and  that  it  sliould  l)e  adht^riid  to. 
Very  respectfully,  your  obedient  servant, 

GEO. 


Hon.  R.  McCr.KLr.AXi), 
Sccnitary  of  the  Interior. 


[Iwlorsemcut.] 
OvKiCK  oi- 


W.  MANNYPENNY, 

Comnumioner. 


Indian  Affaius,  .Uarch  12,  18i)(i. 


Respectfully  referred  to  the  Commissioner  of  the  General  Land-Oflice,  iu  ordcu'  that 
in;  may  prepare  his  in,stru(!tionsconformabl(;  hereto,  as  heretofore  verbally  understood. 
anil  with  the  reiiuest  that  if  he  has  any  suggestions  to  submit  for  the  Secretary's  con- 
sideration, ho  will  do  so  as  speedily  as  possible. 

GEO.  C.  WHITING, 

Chief  VUrk. 
DKi'Aitr.MKNT  OF  TiiK  Intkimoh,  March  12,  ISofi.  - 


No.  4. 


Gknkral  Land-Offick,  March  Ui,  1850. 

Sii: :  Under  a  refererice  of  the  i:Hh  instant,  I  had  the  honor  to  receive,  and  now 
lici'cwith  return,  the  form  of  certificate  prepared,  to  be  issued  by  the  Indian  Ottice  to 
the  reservees,  under  the  tn^aty  of  :{Oth  September,  1854,  with  the  Cliippewas,  referred 
to  in  my  letter  of  the  2!id  ultimo. 

A",  tiie  object  of  the  reference  is  merely  to  elicit  any  suggestion  in  regard  to  the  form 
'ii'iirtiiicate,  I  respectfully  suggest  an  ameiulmeutin  the  reservee'.s  notice  of  selection, 
ivhieli  amendment  is  api)ended  to  the  inclosed  form. 

I  have  the  honor  to  remain,  your  obedient  servant, 

THOS.  %.  HENDRICKS, 

Comviimoiivr. 
Hon.  Rohkut  McCi.ki-lani), 

Secretary  of  the  Interior. 

.    ,  [Iiiilorsciucut.l  ,  j 

/ 
Dkpaktmknt  of  thk  iNTF.iaou,  March  19, 1^56. 

Ki'spectfiilly  referred  to  tht>  Commissioner  of  Itulian  Affairs,  with  tht>  suggestion  that 
it  Huiild  prolijibly  be  well  to  adopt  tlu^  amendment  proposed  by  the  Commissioner  of 
lliifiencral  Laud-OtHce. 
By  order  of  the  Secretary  of  the  Interior. 

GEO.  C.  WHITING, 

Chief  Chrk. 


I  ■  -  CUIITF-WAS  OF  I.AKF.  SL'PEIilOll. 

{Treaty  of  Sei>temher  30,  1854,  article  2,  nuhdivinion  7.) 

"Kiicli  head  of  a  family  or  single  person  over  twenty-one  years  of  age  at  tin;  i)rescnt 
tiini'.ot'  tile  mixed-bloods,  belonging  to  the  (Jhippewas  of  Lake  Superior,  shall  be  eiiti- 
tleil  to  eighty  acres  of  land,  to  bo  scdeeted  by  tliem  under  the  direction  of  the'Presi- 
'leiit.  and  which  shall  be  secured  to  them  by  patent  in  the  usual  form." 


•      ■:  I.".  J,    T'--.    "•.■■■'!:  .1 

■ " •Vi'.j''i '' .,■.*■.••■■•■■  ■  ■! 


'■■''' ^'■-'-  "-■-■^^-■" .  • 
v^f^'v.\:v;:i;.:,:»..>. 

•.■;■  IV;  1  ',-..■  '    «•■*  ^ 


"•  V   '        I      ",  *  •"■■'■    l 


'. -i'^ 


»  "  .'*'    V  ,■..  , 


..--,■  ^.,  :^-      r     .  .T    ■■     :•     '•    'l 


:.-'.-iV..t' •■   ;1"^:-  \v- 


;,?!Ai 


40  CHIPPEWA    HALF-BREEDS    OF    LAKE    SUPERIOR. 

Oki'ick  MiciiKJAN  Indian  Agkncy, 

iMroil, ,  ih.-pc. 

I  <1(>  luM'i'by  certify  thnt  (A.  B.,)  of  Jjiipniiitc,  WiHconsiii,  is  nnu  of  tlio  ptraons de- 
Ncrilicd  in  the  iiliovo  |>i'()viisi()ii.s  contiiiiicd  in  the  tinaty  of  .September  l{0,  IH'ii,  with  rlic 

Cliippiwas  of  Jjultt!  Sui»eiior,  luul  that is  outitltd  to  ciglity  aciCHof  laud,  nstlififin 

provichMl.    ,.. ',  ...     .,,,...• 

•  .•     'lii    I.'  ■..'!  <•••■■•■    !,  ■  I-  .-   1  JiuVtan  Aiftiit. 
.  Approved,  Washington, ,  Idoti.         ,.',i,i|;i.-    ,  j.j  i     .......;  i 

Sfciriary  of  the  littnw. 


1  have  selected   tlm  l()llo\vin;;-descril)ed  tract  of  haul,  to  wit 
that  a  ])utent  nnvv  be  issniwl  therefor  in  my  name. 

Dated ,  iK'iti. 

[Signed]  ■■'i..i|  !>  !,.  I 

Witness :  .ri   i         ••  -  •    - 


-,  and  riMjiK'st 


'|; 


I'l. 


It  is  ex|(iessly  understood  and  declared  that  any  sale,  transfer,  mortgage  ii.ssjri,. 
nujnt,  or  pledge  of  this  eertiticate,  or  of  any  rights  accruing  under  it,  will  not  lie  ivco^. 
ni/.edas  valid  by  the  United  .States;  and  that  the  patent  for  lands  located  by  viitiic 
thereof  shall  be  issued  directly  to  the  above-named  reservee,  or  his  heirs,  and  shall  in 
no  wi.se  inure  to  the  beneiit  of  any  other  i»ersou  or  persons. 


No.  5.  ^  ,,    ;,;.„:   ;',:,  ;',  ' ..;; 

.     ,  DKI'AliTMKNT   <)1'   TlIK    IXTKUniK, 

U'<tKhinytuii,Jul!i  10,  Ic".'!). 

Siu  :  In  reply  to  your  letter  of  the  8th  instant,  asking  my  opinion  as  to  the  coiisrriic- 
tion  which  shonhl  be  given  to  the.  second  article  of  the  treaty  of  theUOIh  Sc^iitciiiher, 
1."^.')'!,  with  the  Chip[)ewasof  Lake  Superior,  so  far  as  it  relates  to  thelaiuls  to  beseltcted 
hy  the  mixed-bloods  beloniting  to  that  tribe,  I  have  to  state  t'mt  the  Dciinrtiiieiit 
should  be  as  liberal  in  carrying  into  elfect  the  stii>nliitions  of  said  article  as  tiie  terms 
of  the  treaty  will  .admit. 

The  Indian  Bureau  understands  what  was  intended,  and  that  intention  slienlil  lie 
fully  carried  out  without  any  reganl  to  m<!re  technic^iilities. 
I  am,  sir,  veiy  respectfully,  your  obedient  servant, 

,  K.  McClelland, 

The  COMMISSIONI'.I!    ok    IxniAN    At  I'AtHS. 


fell 


No.  (i.  . 

DKrAUTMKNl    OK  Till';  Intkhioh, 

If'dxhiiHjtoii,  JhUj  '■i'A,  1'.'". 

Sin:  Having  considered  your  r<']iort  of  the  iillth  instant, on  the  api)lications  of  Eliza- 
beth Boru]),  Theodort*  Borup,  and  Sophia  Chaiui>lin  for  sei'ij),  ninler  tlu;  seventh  claii.'-i' 
"if  the  second  ai'ticle  of  the  treaty  of  September  'M,  1.~^r)4,  with  the  Chippewas  (it  Lakr 
Snjierior.  and  having,  as  you  suggest,  consulted  the  icport  of  your  ottice  of  tlu'  ""tli 
.July,  IH'iti,  and  the  reply  of  the  Department  thereto  of  the  10th  July,  lA'Jt),  I  juii  nf  tin" 
opinion  that  the  (|nestion  now  submitted  as  arising  ni)on  the  projier  constriiclinu  nf 
said  clause  was  distinctly  before  this  Department  at  that  time,  and  I  rcgiud  ir  as 
having  b(>en  settled  by  the  Secretary's  decision  of  the  datO  just  named,  and  the  jnac- 
tice  of  the  Oflice  of  Indian  Attairs  under  it. 

The  jtapers  which  iiceonipanied  your  I'ejiort  arc  now  returned. 
Very  rcspectfullv,  vour  obedient  servant, 

MOSES  KELLY. 

Ailiinj  tSnrttanj. 
C.  E.  Mix.  E.s()., 

Coiniiusiiioiur  of  Indian  .iffiiirs. 


I*. 


Ivdiaii  .Ineiit. 


intioii  slidiikl  lie 


CHIPPEWA    HALF-BREEDS    OF    LAKE    SUPERIOR. 


41 


I   y.  /.  -I  I V  ,  I  If- 


Depakimknt  iW 


No.  7. 


THE   INTKRIOR,  Oi'I'ICK  OF  INDIAN  AlFAIllS,   ■      • 

March  2-,,  H6:5. 

Sir:  1  herewith  siibniit  for  your  considoration  a  letter  addressed  to  this  Offiei?,  dated 
null  iiistiiiit,  askiiifT  a  re-cxaniiiiation  of  tlio  cases  of  Elizabeth  Bornp,  Tiieodoro  IJorup, 
aii(18(>|iliia  Ciiaiiipiiii,  wlio  (saeh  claims  to  be  entitled  to  eij;hty  acires  of  land,  under  the 
]irovisi(iiis  of  the  seventh  seotion  of  tin;  second  article  of  the  treaty  of  .Septenil)er  30, 
|-,'i4.  with  the  Chipiiewas  of  Lake  Suju'rior  and  the  Mississippi,  (United  States  Statutes 
at  haijje,  v<d.  10.  p.  lllll.)  I  also  submit  certain  other  papers  pertaining  to  said  cases, 
iistiilJDWs: 

No.  1.  Letter  from  Hon.  If.  M.  Kice,  dated  September  15, 18.'>7,  inclosiuj;  evidence  in  re- 
lation to  tlie  right  of  claimants. 

N(i.  ,'.  Copy  of  ri^port  of  this  Oflliee,  dated  July  20,  ld')8,  to  Acting  Secretary  of  Inte- 
rior. 

No, ;{.  Decision  of  Acting  Secretary  upon  said  report. 

No.  4,  Copy  of  report  of  this  Ollice  of  July  H,  18,")t),  referred  to  in  said  report  of  July 
UK  IS'iS. 

No. ;').  Secretary's  d(!cision  upon  No.  4. 

No.  (i.  Copy  of  letter  to  Hon.  H.  M.  Kice,  dated  July  29,  Irtud. 

Fromtlie  evidence  submitted,  I  think  there  citn  benodoubt  that  clainniuts  are  uiixed- 
Ijlooil  C'liip])o\vas  of  Lake  Superior.  This  point  seems  to  be  conceded  in  the  foruir-r  de- 
ciBJoii  of  this  Ofiice,  but  their  claims  are  rejected  upon  the  ground  that  the  jirovision  of 
ilic  treaty  under  which  tlu^v  claim  "only  extended  to  such  mixed-bloods  of  the  Chip- 
iiewas (if  Lake  SuiK^rior  as  resided  among  or  contiguous  to  the  various  bauds  of  those 
liiilians,  as  disringuislKid  from  the  Chippewas  of  Michigan  and  Mississip])i ;  whereas 
it  a|i|ii'ars  that  tin- claimants  in  (juestiou  reside  neither  among  nor  contiguous  to  the 
Chipiu'was  of  L;ike  Suptirior." 

Kroiii  nn  examination  of  the  evidence  submitted,  it  is  to  me  at  least  doubtful  if  the 
hitfiT  allegation  is  sustained;  but  granting  that  it  is,  it  is,  in  uiy  opinion,  a  farced  con- 
>lniitiim  of  the  treaty,  to  reijuire  that  mixed-bloods  should  reside  "among  or  eontigu- 
iiiisto"  the  Indians,  in  order  to  bo  entitled  to  the  benelits  of  its  j)rovisi<ms. 

.Vs  to  the  ((Uestion  of  residence,  there  is,  as  I  conceive,  no  ainbigtiity  in  the  language 
of  till)  treaty ;  nor  is  there  any  expression  re(iuiring  a  resort  t(»  eollatcu'al  evidence  in 
Older  to  ascertain  its  meaning.  If  claimants,  at  the  date  of  the  treaty,  were  mixed- 
blood  Chippewas  of  Lake  Superior,  and  were  either  the  heads  of  families  or  single  per- 
sDus  over  ttvciily-onc  i/ears  of  (Kjv,  I  am  at  a  loss  to  understand  why  tiiey  are  not  entitled 
to  tilt'  lienelit  of  its  provisions.  The  evidence  shows  that  Elizabeth  Borup  is  the  mother 
ottlii'  (itlier  claimants,  Theodore  Borup,  who  was  born  May  10, 18;W,  and  Sophia Champ- 
liu,  boin  February  8,  1835. 

1  ('(iiicluile  that  Elizabeth  Borup,  us  the  head  of  a  family,  and  Theodore  Borup,  as  a 
siiiorlc  jtrixon  twenty-one  years  of  age  at  the  date  of  the  treaty,  are  entitled  to  its  bene- 
licial  provisions,  and  that  the  elaini  of  Soidiia  Chanii)|in  must  be  rejected,  (unless 
it  aliall  hereafter  be  shown  that  at  the  date  of  the  treaty  she  was  the  head  of  the 
liiiiiiiv.)  for  the  reason  that  she  appears  to  have  been  less  than  twenty-one  years  of 
aj;i'. 

I  rtspectfuUy  submit  the  qiuistious  i)re8ented  for  your  consideration  and  decision. 
Very  respectfully,  your  obedient  servant, 

WM.  P.  DOLE, 

Commiiisioiier. 

Hon.  J.  P.  UsiiKK, 

Secretary  of  the  lulcrior. 


'  Wasiiinoton,  D.  C,  .Vrt»T/i  19,  18(i3, 

Sii!:  1  would  respectfully  call  your  attention  to  a  letter  addressed  to  your  Depart- 
ment by  myself,  on  the  iJd  of  Septembiir,  1857,  and  ask  that  a  hearing  be  had  in  the 
iiii-18  iiiniied,  or  rather  a  re-examination  ;  for  the  reason  that,  from  1842  to  the  date  of 
■^aiil  treaty  in  1^54.  the  Indians  had  no  reservations,  ccmsetiuently  no  homes,  thus  reu- 
ilwiii^  it  impossible  for  the  mixed-bloods  to  reside  with  them.  I  presume,  had  this  fact 
ViMi  known  at  the  time  to  the  Department,  that  the  decision  would  have  been  in  favor 
of  the  iliiimants. 

With  great  respect,  your  obedient  servant, 

HENRY  M.  KICE. 
I  loll.  W.  P.  Doi.K, 

Comminxwiicv  of  Indian  Affairs,  :.      * 


/■v  -J. 

■  ,'V,3' 


»■    -r'lKtd 


■• .  ■.  I'-   I  "'■'•, ".-  ■ 


\'- 


it  ■-      ■"    ■;  ,v  ■■         ■•' 

.  -^Kt    ■■■>-■  i'-  •  w ;  «■ 

«    f.'i-r.t"'-.'  Sl'.  •■••■". 

. sT. ■.#•'. •■-■■■1.'' **>/   r.  .■., 
,.    ■     k  I  ..;■   .  I,     *-  ".-f^   \ 


■■.     i    -  .<  ■\^...  .  i  .^'  • 

•%'».•?^:  -■•  ■''  \  ■■■■■ 

'  i' w  ''  -^'.^  .. 


■ ...  ! 


%6 


42 


iJw  '4'' 


W''^ 


3-^ 


^^ti-;,. 


CHIPPEWA    HALF-BREEDS    OF    LAKE    SUPERIOR. 


.    ,       i  ,-        :-,.      .,  DKI'AUTMKNT  OF  THK   INTKHIOH, 

'  Mdji  \6,  lcj(i3. 

Silt:  I  roturii  luiiowith  tlus  paper.H  ivcoivcul  with  your  letter  iif  the  "JiMh  Mmcli  lusti 
ill  eoiinertion  with  t.ho  chiim  of  certiiiii  mixed-bloods  of  the  ChiiipewaN  of  Laki' 
Superior  to  liuids  under  the  treaty  of  the  :50th  8(!pteiiil)er,  IHol,  with  said  IiidijuiH. 

1  am  of  opinion  that  the  claims  of  Elizahotli  liornp  and  Theodore  Uonip  should  lu' 
rceoffnized,  and  they  are  hereby  iipiiroved. 

Yoni  vit!W8  respecting  the  rij^hts  of  Sophia  Chnniplin  afo  concnrred  in. 
Very  respectfully,  your  obedient  servant, 


J.  V 


William  P.  Dot.K,  Esq., 

Coniminsioiier  of  Indimi  Affaim. 


IJSHKR, 


No.  H. 


UK 


'    '  ,  Depart.mknt  ok  the  Ixtkhior, 

'  '    '  ' '■       ■     '   ■  n'oHhhif/loiiyJuiwiKW)'). 

Silt:  I  return  herewith  tlu^  ajiplication  of  Antoiiie  Hoy  for  "  scrip,"  under  the  treaty 
of  :'.Oth  Sciitcmber,  Itioi,  with  the  Chippo was  of  Lake  Superior,  said  Roy  beiu;;aiiiixud- 
bloodof  said  tribe. 

I  am  of  the  opinion  that  the  treaty  referred  to  does  not  contemplate  tlu;  Issiiiiijjof 
"  scrip,"  but  patents,  for  the  land  to  which  the  half-breed  or  iiiixcd-blood  Chijipcwas 
may  be  entitled,  when  selected  and  described  by  metes  rtiid  bounds ;  to  be  surveyiMlaml 
platted,  and  returned  to  this  D(^partinent  for  record,  so  as  to  enable  the  Coiiiiiiissionijr 
of  the  General  Land-Offlco  to  (tonnect  the  same  with  the  public  surveys,  if  said  selec- 
tion slntuld  be  made  on  unsurveyed  lands. 

The  Commissioner  of  IiuMaii  Affairs  will,  therefo".^,  prepare  instructions  acoonliii^ 
to  this  decision,  and  forward  the  same  to  the  proper  Indian  agent,  so  that  no  iiiuiv 
"  scrip  "  may  issue  to  any  of  said  half-breeds. 
Verv  respectfully,  your  obedient  servant, 

JAS.  HARLAN, 
y ,   '      '  .'      '  Scrnbmj. 

William  P.  Dole,  Esq.,  ', 

Coinminsloiwr  of  India)!  Affairs.  .         .    ,  ..       '       >       ■  ,,.1, 


No.  9. 


,   ,    ■    V  Depahtment  or  the  Ixteiuoi!,  Office  of  Indian  Affairs, 

(Mubvr  2i),  lefiT. 

Sii{ :  I  have  the  honor  to  return  herewith  the  letter  of  Senator  Norton  in  rclatimi  td 
the  claims  to  lauds  of  the  half-breeds,  or  mixed-bloods,  belonging  to  the  Chippewajiiil' 
Lake  Suiierior  and  the  Mississippi,  iiiidor  the  seventh  clause  of  the  second  articiuol 
the  treaty  with  that  tribe  of  September  :iO,  18r)4,  (vol.  10,  Statutes  at  Large,  p.  lilO,) 
which  letter  was  referred  by  you  to  this  Oflice  on  tlie  '^id  instant. 

That  you  may  fully  undorstand  the,  subject  under  consideiatioii,  it  is  propel' that  1 
make  a  statement  of  the  past  action  of  this  Department,  in  relation  to  the  issuance  ol 
scri])  to  the  lialf-liretMls  or  mixed-bloods  referred  to. 

I  lind,  upon  examination  of  the  reiiords  of  this  OtHce,  that  the  subject  of  issuiiifj 
scrip  to  the  lialf-brceda  in  (|iiestiou  was  pi-etty  fully  discussed  by  this  Department  in 
the  year  is.jfi.  The  General  Land-Odice,  in  a  letter  dated  February  2:5  of  that  year,  op- 
posed the  issuance  of  scrip,  on  the  ground  that  it  was  unauthorized  by  the  treaty,  ami 
suggested  I  hat  the  agent  should  make  the  selections  for  the  half-bree<ls.  Tliis  Oliiee.  iii 
a  report  to  the  Secretary  of  the  Interior,  dated  March  1"2,  Iriotl,  advocated  the  issuance 
thereof  as  the  most  pntcticabh  method  of  disjiosing  of  those  half-breed  claims,  usiiiH 
this  languag(> :  "  It  is  simply  impossible  for  these  locations  to  be  made  by  the  Iiulian 
agent;  tiie  parties  are  scattered  over  a  wide  extt'ut  of  country,  and  their  loeatimis, 
instead  of  being  conlined  to  the  reservations  specified  in  the  treaty,  as  the  C'oniinis- 
sioiuir  seems  to  sujipose,  cannot  ho,  made  within  them  at  all,  but  will  uiidoiibtciliy  bo 
spread  over  a  jiart  of  Michigan,  Wisconsin,  and  Minnesota,  thus  making  it  imprai'tica- 
Vile  for  the  ag(Mit  to  make  selections."'  In  this  letter  was  inclosed  a  form  of  a  cei  tilicatc 
to  lie  issued  by  the  agent  to  the  hall-breeds,  (should  the  sauie  b(!  approved  by  tlii|  ■%'■ 
retary  of  the  Interior.)     The  Secretary  of  the  Interior  approved  of  the  views  ol  this 


V' '  • ' 


CHIPPEWA    HALF-HREEDS    OF    LAKE    SUPERIOR. 


43 


(iilicc  (111(1  tlio  form  (>f'th»i  scriit  proposed  to  he  issiitid  liuviii^  iilso  been  substHnmiitly 
„|i|ir()vr(l  tiy  liiiii,  Agent  Gilbert  was  directed  to  issue  the  Sivnie  to  tbe  parties  entitled 
llieivto. 

Sulisii|iieutl.y  the  (|n(Nstion  arose  as  to  vvlio  were  lej^ally  entitled  to  the  bnnelUs  of 
till'  iri'iiiy,  and  this  Ollice,  in  a  report  to  the  Secretary  of  tbe  Inteiior,  datfd  July  H, 
l^'ili,  coiiNlnied  the  treaty  to  mean  only  those  "  mixed-bioo<ls  of  tlie  Chippcwas  of 
I.;ikc  SM]ii.'rior  as  residt'd  amon<f  or  coiiti;;nous  to  the  various  bands  of  those  Indians, 
ii<(li>iiii;;iiisbHd  from  tlie  Chippewas  of  Aliohifjan  and  tbe  Chippewas  of  tbe  Missis- 
>i|ipi.''  fo  this  report  the  Secretary  of  the  Interior  replied,  under  date  of  .liiiy  10, 
l-.'i().  liiit,  without  making  any  dclinite  decision,  left  the  subject  discretionary  with 
tills  Oflicc.  This  Ollice  acted  under  tbe  forcf^oing  constrnctioii  of  the  treaty,  and 
uji'cti'tl  the  applications  of  all  parties  who  did  not  come  within  that  rule. 

,Snlis((iiieiitly  the  lion.  II.  M.  Uice  i>resented  the  claim.,  of  Elizabeth  Bornp  for 
lijjlily  iicrcs  of  land  under  said  treaty,  which  was  transmitted  to  tbe  then  Acting  Sec- 
ivtiHV  of  tile  Inttaior,  with  a  report  from  this  Oftice,  dated  July  20,  1858,  in  wlii(-h  the 
(iiiisiiiiction  of  the  treaty  aforesaid  was  stated  as  a  reason  why  tbe  ap]dications  could 
iMit  1"'  allowed.  Tbe  Acting  Secrcitary,  under  date  of  July  2:?,  i8.')8,  decided  as  follows: 
'I  am  of  tbe  opinion  the  (piestion  now  submitted,  as  arising  u])on  tbe  proper  con- 
stniLtitui  of  said  clause.,  was  distinctly  before  this  Department  svt  tlnit  time,  [reft;rring 
til  Olliiic  report  of  July  8,  Idfjf),]  and  i  regard  it  as  having  been  settled  by  tbe  Secre- 
tiiy's  deiisiott  of  the  date  named,  [July  10,  185(1,]  and  the  practice  of  tbe  Oflico  of 
jiKhaii  Allairs  under  it." 

No  tliang<'  was  bad  iu  the  construction  of  the  treaty  aforesaid  until  March,  1863, 
wlicii  Mr.  Kice,  in  a  letter  to  this  OHice  under  date  of  tbe  ItHh  of  that  month,  asked  for 
aie-cxaiiiination  of  tbe  case  of  the  Boriips,  which  was  had;  and,  iu  a  report  to  the 
Scm'taiy  of  the  Interior,  dated  tbe  25tb  of  that  month,  submitting  the  papers  in  tbe 
o;isi',  alter  reciting  the  construction  of  the  treaty  aforesaid,  it  was  stated  by  Mr.  Com- 
iiiissi')iier  Dole  as  follows,  viz:  "From  an  examination  of  the  evidence  submitted,  it  ia 
to  iiie  at  least  doubtful  if  the  latter  allegation  [construction  of  tbe  treaty]  is  sns- 
taimd;  but  granting  that  it  is,  it  is,  in  my  mind,  a  forced  construction  of  tbe  treaty  to 
iiiiuii'e  that  the  mixed-bloods  should  reside  '  among  or  contiguous  to'  the  Indians,  iu 
oilier  U)  hi'  entitled  to  the  benefits  of  its  provisions." 

I'lMiii  t!i(!  foregoing  report,  tbe  Secretary  of  the  Interior,  on  the  18th  of  May,  de- 
lided  that  the  said  liorups  were  entitled  to  the  benetits  of  tbe  treaty,  and  thereby 
overnilud  the  former  practice  of  this  Ollice  under  the  construction  of  tbe  treaty  afore- 
siiil,  Iliuler  this  decision  of  the  Secretary,  scrip  was  issued  to  tbe  Borups,  and  con- 
tinued to  be  issued  to  other  bsilf-breeds,  without  regard  to  their  residence,  the  only 
iLi|uii('iiieiit  being  satisfactory  evidence  that  they  were  half-breeds  or  mixed-bloods 
licloiij^iiig  to  tbe  Chippewas  of  Lake  Superior  and  the  Mississippi,  and  were  twenty- 
niie  years  of  age,  or  the  head  of  a  family,  at  the  date  of  the  treaty,  until  June  9,  1865, 
when.  111)011  the  ap|dication  of  Antoine  Roy,  submitted  to  late  Secretary  Harlan  by 
this  Ollice,  that  officer  decided  that  the  treaty  did  not  contemplate  the  i.ssnanco  of 
Miip,  "biit  iiatents  for  the  lands  to  which  the  half-breed  or  mixed-blood  Chippewas 
iiiiiy  be  entitled." 

f^illee  the  date  of  the  foregoing  decision,  no  scrip  has  been  issued  to  the  half-breeds 
III  mixed-bloods,  and  no  insrrnctimis,  other  than  forwarding  copies  of  the  Secretary's 
litter,  have  been  fiiruished  to  the  agents. 

On  the  -iMi  of  February  last,  the  General  Land-OtHce  called  attention  to  the  subject 
1)1' selecting  lands  by  the  half-breeds,  and  inclosed  a  cojiy  of  a  letter  from  that  Office  to 
tlie  rej,'ister  and  receiver  of  the  local  land-otbce  at  Marqnette,  Michigan,  deciding 
ii!!«iiist  the  ai>[)lications  of  James  and  Madaline  Holiday  for  eighty  acres  of  land  each. 
1  lie  reason  iissigned  for  rejecting  the  applications  by  the  General  Land-Ottice  is,  that 
"the  lands  applied  for  are  held  at  .yi.SO  per  acre,  and,  without  passing  upon  the  rights 
ol  tliese  parties  under  tbe  treaty,  the  applications  are  rejected  for  the  reason  that,  in 
the  iiistnietions  for  the  location  of  the  scrip  issued  under  this  treaty,  with  the  approval 
111  the  Secretary  of  tbe  Interior,  the  same  is  restricted  to  .'{il.'A")  land." 

The  (ieneral  Land-OlHce,  iu  its  letter  to  the  local  office,  mentions  the  fact  that  the 
iibove-iiaiiied  ai)plicants  had  made  their  selections  within  tbe  limits  of  the  Manpiette 
ami  Ontonagon  Railroad  grant,  that  grant  having  increased  the  minimum  price  toiji<2.50 
iiii  iieic,  lor  which  reasun  the  lands  are  not  subject  to  sidections  by  lialf-brtstMls  under 
the  tieiity.  I  fail  to  see  the  proi)riety  of  this  ruling  of  the  General  Land-Otbee,  for  tbe 
iviiseii  that  the  rights  of  the  half-breeds  or  mixed-bloods  are  of  date  long  anterior  to 
the  rail  load  grant  referred  to,  and  I  therefore  respectfully  reipiest  your  decision  upon 
tliis  iHiiiit. 

As  tiiis  matter  now  stands  niider  the  decision  of  late  Secretary  Usher,  before  referred 
to,  all  of  the  half-breeds  or  mixed-bloods  in  question  who  wore,  at  the  date  of  the 
tri'iity  of  1854,  twenty-one  years  of  age,  or  heiuls  of  families,  are  entitleil  to  eighty 
aires  of  hmil.  without  regard  to  the  fact  that  they  did  not  reside  "  among  or  contiguous 
til"  the  various  baiiils  of  those  Indians,  as  distiuguished  from  the  Chippewas  of  Michi- 
Rau  and  the  Chippewas  of  the  Mississippi,  and  uuder  the  decision  of  late  Secretary 


;;;;■•?-..-.■..,    "ir;!'! 
.■  -.'  r:«  •  ■  ;v  ..»,■,  .  • 


:•■:  V 


- ...  ...•'^■:v 

-', :  ■■   1  :■  ."•  V  1.  *  .  •'..  ^ 

..••■■■-M'S.'  ■•■  ■'»>■•'•■•* 
-:    ■■■v"'kS-V'*'''>:''.<'-    .1 

•t-  •?■,-  ;r.i:-..-  i.'-.  ■''•Mr 


■   ,■  "V  ■     ■■'        •^    -     ■'■■,i  {i 
'  ■*  '^  .'■'.*'  .»■'.'   .     '■  ■ .  -..4 


\  .-.V'S. 


^vi--if«!;ci 


44 


CHIPPEWA    lIALF-nREEDS    OF   LAKE    SUPERIOR. 


11 


Vi-.v, 


m- 


ITiiilim,  saidlinlf-lirwids  are  ciitiHed  to  jjoffntu  for  Hiiid  rislity  iicrcs  wIumi  sclcdnl. 
iSiv.,  lint  tlifit  till'  treaty  (1o«»h  not  fonttMiiplatf  tli»»  isHnin^jof  Ncriji,  and  it  is  with  a  viow' 
to  (l»'tiiiiii!iiii<;  tin;  nii'thod  l)y  wliieh  tlio  halt'-lirccd  or  inixod-lilood  sliiill  he  aliif  tn 
obtain  iiis  patont,  tliat  Mi'nnt(»r  Norton  lias  railed  attention  to  this  snlijcet. 

Ilavinji  nivcii  the  \tnnl  action  ot  tiie  Dcipiirtnient,  and  tiie  present  statns  miilci-  tlic 
seventli  cliinse  of  the  second  artielu  of  the  treaty  referred  to,  ir,  is  snhtnitted  fur  uin  ui 
decide  whellu^r  lheori;;inal  practice  of  the  Ollice,  restrict  inj;  the  heni'liciaries  iniii(i>,ijii 
chiMse  to  snch  inixed-hloods  of  the  Chipi»e\vasof  l^iike  Snperior  who  at  tiuf  diilc  iiltlif 
licaty  roided  anion;r  oi- eonti^nons  to  tli(!  vari'ins  liands  of  those  Indians,  ''as  distin- 
j;nishcd  IViini  thi^  ('inppttwas  of  Michi;;an   and   tiii^   Mississippi,"  shall  lie  ilic  inlc,  ui 

whether  the  decision  of  late  Secretary  I'sher,  that  all  hall-ltreeds  or  mixed-l)} Is  I,,.. 

lon<;in^  to  the  tril»es,  parties  to  tlit^  treaty,  who  were  twenty-one  years  of  mi;c  m  the 
head  of  a  I'ainily  at  the  date  of  the  tntaty,  are  entitled  to  the  henetits  of  sam  pim  isjuii, 
shiill  lie  adhered  to  ;  and,  having  decided  this  ]>oint,  th<^  next  (jnestion  t<i  lie  deliiinitiid 
will  he  the  inctiiod  liy  which  the  parties  entitled  can  obtain  their  lands.  Slioiild  ih,. 
decision  of  tin  late  Secretary  Harlan  not  bo  ;idhercd  to  by  yon,  scrip  can  be  IsmhiI  tn 
those  entitled,  as  was  formerly  done;  but  in  <'aso  the  decision  of  late  Secretary  llailau 
be  snstaincd,  then  t\w  plan  which  I  wonld  snjiffcst  as  the  most  siinjile  and  liest,  caleii- 
lated  to  answer  the.  pnrposi^  of  the  Department  is  this;  Let  the  Dei)artnuMit  i>isii(,'  in- 
strnotions  to  the  several  a;;ents  within  whose  ay;encies  the  half-breeds  or  luixcd-lilddds 
refericd  to  in  the  treaty  aforesaid  are,  snpposed  to  reside,  directing  slid  af;t!iits  tuj^ivc 
jinblie  notice  that  np  to  the  1st  day  of  Jnly,  l><f!H,  and  no  lonjjer,  they  will  receive  evi- 
dence from  said  half-broeds  that  tliey  are  entitled  to  the  benefits  yranted  by  tlit:  sev- 
enth clanse  of  the  second  article  of  said  treaty,  reipiirinf;  from  each  ]»arty  hi.^owii  aili- 
davit  tliat  he  or  she  is  a  half-breed  belonj;iii;j;  to  the  Chipiunvas  of  Lake  Snpciiorainl 
the  Mississippi;  that  at  the  date  of  the  treaty  of  Sejiteinber  ',W,  IS.'vl,  he  or  .she  was 
twent  \  -one  years  of  age,  or  the  head  of  a  family,  as  the  case  may  be,  and  that  he  m-  jjn' 
is  entitled  to  ei^ihty  acres  of  land  i  :der  said  treaty;  which  aflidavit  shonld  lu' saji- 
portod  by  that  of  two  disinterested  witnesses  to  the  same  effect,  who  should  also  far- 
ther swear  that  they  have  not  acted  as  tlu!  ajjents  or  attorneys  of  the  parties  in  niics- 
tion,  and  that  they  have  no  interest  whatever  in  the  cases  under  consideration,  and  tbi; 
credibility  of  which  witnesses  shonld  be  ceitilied  by  the  a^ent  in  whose  ajiciicy  thu 
half-br«)ds  may  reside.  At  the  end  of  the  time  sjiecificd,  July  1,  18(58,  or  from  tiiiit'  tu 
time  as  I'ecei  ved,  until  that  date,  the  several  ajjeiits  shonld  bo  directed  to  traiisuiit  saili 
proofs  to  this  Ofiioe,  with  their  own  views  in  recard  to  the  validity  of  the  claim  in  eacli 
case  indorsed  thereon. 

Upon  receijit  of  the  jiroofs  aforesaid,  the  cases  sliould  bi!  oxauiined  by  thin  Oltlcc.  ami, 
if  found  to  be  in  accordance  with  the  foregoing  suggestions,  they  should  he  suliuiitted 
to  the  Secretary  of  the  Interior  for  his  consideration. 

In  those  cases  which  shall  be  apiiroved  by  the  Secretary  of  thi;  Interior,  I  ^^M;,';a;tst 
that  certificates  be  issued  by  the  ComniLssioner  of  Indian  Affairs,  certifying  liial  tlu' 
half-breed  or  mixed-blood  has  submitted  satisfactory  jiroof  that  he  or  si.e  is  a  hall- 
breed  belonging  to  the  C'hippewas  of  Lake  Superior  and  the  Mississippi,  was  iwcaty- 
one  years  of  age  or  the  head  of  a  family  at  the  datt^  of  the  treaty  of  Sepiember  ISO,  l^.'il, 
with  Raid  tribe,  and  that  liis  or  her  claim  to  eighty  acres  of  land,  under  the  seventh 
clause  of  the  second  article  of  said  treaty,  has  been  approved  by  the  Secretary  of  thi- 
Interior,  and  that,  upon  lU'esentation  of  such  certificate  at  a  local  land-ollicc,  the  hall- 
breed  or  mixed-blood  will  be  <'ntitlert  to  select  from  any  of  the  vacant  imblic  lands,  sur- 
veyed or  nusnrveyed,  at  minimum  price,  or  otherwise,  as  yon  uuiy  decide,  eiglily  aciv> 
of  land,  for  the;  purpose  of  receiving  a  iiatent  for  thi'  same.  Should  the  forcj;oing  plnii 
be  ai)proved,  it  will  be  necessary  that  the  General  Land-OlTice  be  instiiu^fed  to  direct 
the  local  land-oflicers  to  permit  the  half  breeds  or  niixeil-bloods  who  jirescnt  such  cer- 
tificates to  make  such  selections  as  aforesaid,  and  to  forward  a  descri|>tion  of  ihe  laud 
designated  by  such  half-breed  or  mixed-biood,  together  with  the  certiticate,  to  the  ('«■»■ 
eral  Laiid-Ofiice,  that  patent  nniy  be  issued  for  the  laml ;  and  the  (fCiuMal  Lanil-Ollin' 
be  also  instructed  to  transmit  the  patents,  when  i.ssued,  to  this  Oflice,  to  be  sent  tn  the 
agent  for  delivery. 

The  following  is  a  list  of  i)apers  referred  to  in  th(>  foregoing  report,  and  wliieli  an' 
inclosed  herewith,  and  which  you  will  jilease  to  liave  returm;d  to  this  Office: 

1.  Letter  from  the  Generari-and-Offlce  to  the  Secretary  of  the  luteruir,  relinuiiy 
>J3,  18."(). 

2.  Report  fnmi  the  Commissioner  of  Indian  Affairs  to  the  Secretary  of  the  Inlerinr, 
in  reply  to  the  fon^goir.g. 

;<.  I'roposed  form  of  scrip,  1856. 

4.  Re)  on  to  the  Secretary  of  the  Interior,  July  8,  ISiifi.  i        .      . 

5.  Reply  from  the  Secretary  of  the  Interior,  July  10,  IS.'iC?.  .i    i 

6.  Decision  of  the  Acting  Secretary  in  regard  to  the  Rorup  casp,  Jnly  2'^,  18.')>*. 

7.  Letter  from  Hou.  H.  M.  Kiee,  asking  for  a  re-examiuation  of  the  Boriip  case,  March 
19, 18t):J. 

8.  Keport  to  the  Secretary  of  tbo  Interior,  as  above,  March  25,  1863. 


or  «h('  is  a  liiilt- 


of  tlic  liilciiui 


CHIPPEWA    HALF-BRKEDS    OF    LAKE    SUPERIOR. 


45 


T  Di cisioii  of  the  Socn'.iivy  of  tlio  Interior  on  above,  May  18, 1863.      ■  i    .    ,'■•■ 
III.  ('oi».v  of  (l(!cision  of  liito  Hocrotary  llailan,  .Jmio  l>,  Wh>. 
11,  l,(lt,t'r  from  the  Oi-ucnil  liund-Onict;,  Fi^bniaiy  'Jo,  18t!7. 

VI  Copy  '•'  l«'tf<'i'  from  tlio  (jonoial  Laml-OtHco  t«>  th<i  legiHtor  iiiul  receiver,  Febrn- 
;MA  •,'.'),  i'-i'w.  ■     .•'-■■' 

\'i  ry  iosi»ectliiUy,  your  obedient  servant, 


ll„n.  <).  ll.lJudWMNO, 

iSwrvtary  of  tlw  Interior. 


C.K.MIX, 

A cli ng  i'omm inHiotwr, 


K 


.ill    I 


I  n 


'■'■  '"  ■       I    •       •'!'  DKPAitTMKNT  OK -nrK  Intkimou, 

iVmhington,  D.  <'.,  Ovloher  2r*,  1807. 

Sii; :  1  have  riMieivcil  and  considen'd  you;  coniniuniciitioii  of  the  ^otli  inwtant,  asking 
thr  views  of  this  Deiiartment  in  rt'f^jird  to  the  proper  eonstrnetion  and  exeention  of  the 
irraty  coni.lnded  with  the  Cliippiwa  Indians  of  Lake  Superior  and  the  Mississippi  ou 
ihi'li'dlli  of  September,  18r)-1. 

Till"  (|iiesrions  presented  arise  on  the  construction  of  the  seventh  eliiuse  of  the  second 
article  of  tlie  treaty,  and  are — 

First.  Whether  all  nnxed-bloods  belonginj;'  to  the  Chippewas  of  Lake  Superior  who 
wi'ie  lieads  of  families,  or  siufrle  persons  over  twenty-one  years  of  aij[e  at  the  thuo  of  tlie 
iiviity,  luv  einbrac(«d  in  the  provisions  of  said  clause,  or  whether  its  beuelits  are  to  bo 
irstiieteil  to  sueh  "  mixed-bloods  belonj^ing  to  the  Chippewas  of  Lake  Superior''  as  re- 
>idt'ilniiioii;;or  ronti;{uous  to  tin;  various  bands  of  those  Indians,  as  0istin4uislied  from 
the  Cliippewas  of  Miehi<;an  and  the  Chippewas  of  tiu;  Mississippi. 

In  l^ol),  this  question  was  submitted  to  Secretary  MeClellund,  but  not  decided. 

Ill  l^li'.i,  tlu;  (pu'stion  was  ai;ain  submitted  to  Mr.  Secretary  Usher,  who  held  that  all 
mixed-bloods  belon<'in<f  to  tlie  Chipptiwas  of  Lake  Superior,  who,  at  the  date  ot  the 
lri>;ity,  were  either  flie  heads  of  famili(>s,  or  sinjjle  persons  over  twenty-oue  years  of 
ii;;(',  were  end)raced  in  the  provisions  of  said  seventh  clause  of  the  second  ai'ticde  of 
the  treaty  ;  and  since  this  decision,  tlu'  practice  of  the  Bureau  has  betju  conlbrinable 
to  it. 

I  slionld  feel  constrained  to  adliere  to  tliis  construction,  after  more  tlian  four  years' 
practiee  und<'r  it,  even  if  I  deemed  it  erroneous;  but  I  do  not.  I  fully  concur  iii  Mr. 
Sicretiiry  Uslier's  views,  and  entertain  no  (U)ubt  of  their  conformity  to  the  true  intent 
and  uieaninj;  of  the  treaty. 

Sii'oiiil.  Shall  scrip  for  land  be  issued  to  tlje  parties  entitled  to  the  bcnelits  of  the 
M'vciitli  (!laus(!  of  the  second  articU)  of  the  treaty  ? 

The  early  pi'aetico  of  the;  Indian  Bureau  under  the  treaty  was  to  i.ssuo  s(!rip. 

In  1^1)."),  the  (juestion  was  brou<;ht  l)efore  Mr.  Secretary  Harlan  for  revision,  when  he 
reversed  the  decision  of  the  Coniniissiouer  of  Indian  Atl'airs,  and  liold  that  there  was  no 
aiitlioiity  under  the  tnsaty  to  issue  scrip,  but  that  the  laud  must  be  selected  under  the 
direction  of  the  Pr<'sid(!nt,  and  s(;cured  to  the  party  entitled  by  patent.  I  concur  in 
this  n|iiiii(in  and  conl'irm  it. 

Sii  nnich  of  your  letter  as  rtdates  to  the  mt;thod  by  which  "  the  parties  entitlt;d  can 
i>l)t:uii  their  lands,"  will  be  further  considered,  and  an  answer  cunuimnieated  at  an 
'•arly  day. 

The  |)apers  which  accompanied  your  letter  are  herewith  returneil.        ,, 
1  am,  sir,  very  respectfully,  your  obedient  s-rvant, 

O.  H.  BUOWXING, 
Seurdarji. 

Hon.  ('has  E.  Mix, 

Ailiiiy  Commimoiier  of  liidiuii  AffaU's. 


No.  10. 


Dei'aktmknt  ok  tiik  Intkriou, 

lluHhiiigton,  JJ,  C.,Januar!i'2y>,l8C>'i. 

Silt:  I  liav(;  (ionsidered  yonr  rejtort,  of  the  'iM  instant,  upon  the  letters  of  Si^initor 
Niiittin  and  .J.  X&u  Etten,  and  apidieation  of  Siver  Kashe  for  scrip,  under  the  treaty  of 
^ipteiiilM  r  '.<(!,  1H.')4,  with  the  Chippewas  of  Lak«?  Suptsrior  and  the  Mississippi. 

It  liiis  heretofore  l)een  decided  under  the  provisions  of  this  treaty :  'I  hat  all  Inilf-brceds 
"1  mixed-bloods  belonging  to  the  Chippewas  of  Lake  Superior  wlio,  at  the  date  of  the 
tiiaty,  were  eil  her  tlie  lieads  of  families  or  single  persous  over  twenty-one  y(>ars  of  age, 
Were  eniUraced  in  the  provisions  of  the  seveiitii  clause  of  the  second  article  of  tin; 
"eiity:  and  also  that  there  is  no  authority  under  the  treaty  to  issue  scrip,  but  that  tlie 


,'    ',      ^^^  .  >■    *;  •V'-"' 1 


".•    ...'■    ■.■■■•    t  y'--:v  .       I 


.yi'-X  %■£■.■  '■■^»i| 

K  '.''.     5'.''*.-    .?  '  •'  ■  •'-  '"l   • '- 

.;■■  ,i .    .v • ''.•*^;  ■  •  '•^■■'. 
•      ,■"  •.  '-i' '    .  ■'.    1 

'.'  '.-^--t--  ■'.■7.H*  ,.■  ■  .\ 

•:    »'»../,•  »  '  J'    .■.III.*  Iff...,' 


m 


CIIirrEWA    HALF-UREED8    OF    LAKE    SUPERIOR. 


lain!  iiuiHt  bo  Hflcctwl  niidor  tli«  dinsctionH  of  tlio  President.,  and  Ncoiirod  tn  tli«  r,nj\,, 
eiitililfd  l»y  iMitiMit.  '    - 

Tlic  Hiiii-aii  will  now  iHHuo  inMtnictionH  to  tliu  iipMitH,  witliln  wIioho  iincncirs  tJic 
hair-l>n'i(ls  or  niixtid-bloodH  icft-rrt'd  to  in  tlw^  Huid  srvctitli  dauHo  of  llm  hucoikI  ;irti(l(^ 
of  tiic  ti»'iit.v  are  NuiipoHed  to  n-sido,  to  }j;iv<' Miipropiiiito  notice,  iind  procHiiJ  to  tiii(,. 
pi'oofH  to  identify  the  i)art.i«'n  (intitled  to  iniike  srlcctionN, 

Tlie  liikinx  of  the  proofH  nniHt  be  eonclnded  by  the  1st.  of  .September  next.  Nimvi. 
denee  of  tlm  liKht  of  any  one  to  nnike  a  Helection  will  be  received  after  that  diite. 

In  eawe  any  of  those  entitled  at,  the  date  of  the  treiity  iiave  since  died,  Hi,,  luirsnt 
snch  deceased  piMsons  will  be  allowed  to  make  the  seh'ctions  njion  propiM'  proof  of  hcii-. 
ship,  to  be  made  in  accordiinee  with  such  directions  as  yon  nniy  f^ive  np<Mi  the  Niiliiect 

When  the  jnoofs  are  completed,  they  will  b(*  returned  to  the  Indian  Hnreaa,  witluli,. 
opinion  of  the  a}{ent  tliereon,  and  acconi]>ained  by  a  list  of  the  <;lainnints. 

Upon  receipt  of  the  jtroofs,  they  will  be  exanuncd  in  yonr  Odice,  and  if  found  to  ho  in 
accordance  with  the  instructions  under  which  they  shall  have  Ikm'u  taken,  they  will  h,. 
submitted  to  the  St!ci'etary  of  the  Interior  tor  his  consideration  and  for  instrnclions  an 
t()  the  nninner  in  which  the  selections  shall  he  nuide  by  tlu»  parties  wlio  nniy  he  slinwn 
by  the  proofs  to  be  entitled. 

The  selc(!tions  will  be  conlined  to  and  nnide  njion  the  tracts  of  land  set  iipmt  iind 
withheld  from  sale  for  the  nseof  the  Chipiaswas  of  Luke  Superior  by  the  second  Mititlc 
of  said  treaty. 

Very  respectfully,  your  obedient  servant, 


Hon.  N.  O.  Taylok, 

CommiHxivmir  of  Indian  Affairn, 


'i  I- 


O.  H.  BROWNlNd, 

1.1 

Hevri'tarji. 

1  iir 

No.  11. 


DkPAIUMKNT  OF  THK  InTIOUKM!, 

It'ushinyton,  I).  6'.,  ./;>»•('/(),  IHOH, 

Sli! :  T  have  considered  your  report  of  the  24th  ultimo,  in  regard  to  recciviiifr  pnMifs 
already  prepared  as  to  the  identity  of  mixed-bloods  claiming  land  under  treaty  (it 
ls,-,4  with  tilt!  Chippewas  of  Lake  Superior,  and  concur  witTi  the  views  expressid 
therein. 

These  proofs,  it  appears,  were  taken  in  conformity  to  the  then  exlstini;  rcj;uliiti(iiis 
and  instructions  of  the  Bureau;  therefore  they  will  be  Indd  sulKcient  to  (Mititle the 
claim.ints  to  the  benetits  of  the  seventh  clause  of  the  second  article  of  the  tn-aty  refcricd 
to,  Sei>teinber  UO,  18r>4.  I  would  remark,  however,  that  care  must  be  taken  to  (ioinpuri' 
them  with  i)roofs  which  may  hereafter  be  received,  ,so  as  to  guard  against  tlic  diipliwi- 

tioll  of  gJlU'tS  «'■  <>H»»'''  *^l''0*"  or  ^''il'"'-  »      f  .      T    !        !•    I,.     ,j     .  . 

The  pai>ers  are  herewith  returned. 

I  aui,  sir,  very  respectfully,  your  obedient  servant. 

O.  il.  BROWNINO, 

iSerri'larji, 
Hon.  N.  G.  Taylou,  ■  ,, 

Conimimonvr  of  Indian  Affairs.  \ 


^i^- 


No.  12. 


""■^m 


Di:i'.vi{r.\ii.:XT  ov  Tin.;  iNTKiiioi;. 

U'(iHhin(jton,D.  ('.,  May '2,  M'"^. 

Sir:  Referring  to  your  letter  of  the  27th  ultimo,  in  relation  to  mixed-bloods  cluiiii- 
ing  land  under  ti-eaty  of  Septendicr  30,  lfc'54,  with  the  Cliii)pewa  Indians  of  Lakr 
Superior  and  the  Missis8ii)pi,  yon  will  prepare  instructions  to  the  agents,  within  wIkw 
agencies  the  half-breeds  or  mixed-bloods  entitled  to  take  under  the  treaty  arc  snppiwed 
to  be,  in  accordance  with  your  suggestions  contained  in  yours  to  this  bcpartiiimit  of 
the  2r)th  October  last. 

I  know  of  no  better  plau  for  nscortaing  the  identity  and  establishing  the  right 
of  the  half-breeds  or  mixed-bloods  entitled  to  allotments  of  land  uiuler  the  treaty 
than  that  which  you  have  recommended.  You  will  therefore  proceed  without  doliiy 
to  take  the  necessary  steps  to  cany  it  into  effect. 

I  suggt'st  for  your  consideration  wlietlier  the  tiniti  mentioned  in  yonrs  of  the  'ifith  ul 
October  last  for  closing  the  testimony  should  uot  be  materially  enlarged. 


CHIPl'KWA    HALF-BREEDS    OF    LAKE    SUPERIOR, 


47 


It  will,  I  tliiiik,  l»o  iiii))ra(^tic-al>1e  for  tlio  jiartioH  inti'r4'Kt()fl  to  receive  notice  anil  co.- 
ii'il  mill  |ii'i')iiii'e  llii'ir  proofM  by  tlie  l^t  of  .Jiii.v  next.  I.'niler  tlie  eirciiniNtiiiiceH  of  the 
(axr.  it  Nierim  proper  that  the  time  hIioiiIiI  lie  exteiKled  to  the  ImI  day  of  Jaiiiuiry  next. 

'I'll!'  I'l-rlilieiiteH  to  he  iHNiied  to  thoxe  whose  jiroofH  entitle  them  to  land  under  the 
trfiitv  me  nut  to  he  tranHferable,  and  every  Hiieh  eertitieate  muut  expreHH  n]ion  iti*  face 
lliiit  it.  i^*  not  to  \u'  aHHifriiahle,  lint  nnrnt  he  Ideated  in  the  inline  of  the  party  to  wliuiii 
itiitisiiiii'd,  ami  the  land  entered  in  his  or  her  nume. 

I  am,  sir,  very  M-Hjioetfiilly,  yonr  obedient  servant, 


Hon.  (J.  E.  Mix, 

.Ivtiiiy  L'oiitmiiiM'Kiucr  of  Indian  Jffaim, 


o.  n.  BUo\vMX(i, 

Hvvrttlary. 


-).!-■  !■(; 


i  I  I 


.„||(m. 


No.  13. 


H    I. 


•'1         I 


,,,  ,,     ,         ,,,  I   ,,  ,.       1       ,  Dki'autmknt  OK  THK  Lnteiuok, 

IVaithinytoH,  J>.  C,  Muy  14,  M)ii. 
Siii:  Upon  ii  careful  (examination  and  consideration  of  the  various  iirovisions  of  the 
iniity  roiK'lnded  Si-ptember  ;{0,  lr*'t4,  with  the  Chippewas  of  Lake  Hiiperior  and  tlie 
Mis.'ti.sNippi,  I  (toiieiir  in  the  views  expressed  in  yonr  eomninnieation  of  the  12th  instant, 
lliiit  till'  selertloiis  foi'  the  bcnelit  of  the  mixed-bloods  belon^rin^  to  the  t'hippewas  of 
Laki' Siipeiitir,  under  the  seventh  elanse  of  the  seiioiid  article  of  said  treaty,  should  he 
iiuKit!  trom  the  hinds  ceded  to  the  United  States  by  the  treaty,  and  not  from  the  tracts 
riservnl  from  sale  for  tlie  use  and  lienelit  of  the  various  bauds  by  the  second  article  of 
till' tivuly. 

I  am,  sir,  very  respi'ctfully,  your  obedient  servant, 

O.  H.  BROWNING, 

•Stcntary, 
llon.C.  E.Mix, 

Jvliiiy  Commimotm'  Indian  AffavH. 


No.  14. 


'JIih' 

■dt , 


I    ..  DKI'AUTMKNT  OK  TIIH   IXTKKlOK, 

H'ashinytou,  I),  (,'.,  Auyust'27,  18<i8. 
Sir;  1  return  herewith  the  list  of  mixed-bloods — one  hundred  and  thirteen  in  num- 
lier— lu'loni^iny;  to  the  Chippewas  of  Lake  Superior,  claiininj?  land  under  the  seventh 
iliiiisi,'  (if  the  s(M;oiid  artich;  of  the  treaty  of  Saptember  !iO,  1854,  which  was  submitted 
ti)tli(!  Department  with  the  letter  of  the  Commissioner  of  Indian  Ali'airs  of  the  15th 
iiistiiiit,  to|fnth('r  with  the  proof  in  each  case  that  the  parties  are  respectively  entitled 
til  rcci'ive  th(!  e(!rtifieate  re(iuisite  to  secure  to  them  the  eij^hty  acres  of  laud  each, 
inovidcd  for  in  said  treaty. 

You  will  notify  the  Commissioner  of  the  General  Land-Oflice  of  th(!  action  of  the 
Deiiartiiieiit  as  in(li(;ated  in  my  urd(T,  indorsed  on  the  list,  dated  the  >2(ith  instant. 
Verv  respectfully,  your  obedient  servant, 

W.  T.  OTTO, 

Actiny  iSecreiavy. 
C'liAHLKH  E.  Mix,  Es(|., 

Actiny  Comnmnionvr  of  Indian  Affairs, 


No.  15. 


■•■   ..■>     »  .":  S 

*«'.•••{•  ■  '  '•  JM 

«■'.  .1    .-iT-  f     -.-'^  H 
;.\|:-s'./.-ir^r-,-:j;..-    I 

-  •;•  ;.•■■•■  ■'•.••  ■•,■,*  ■      . 
■■;•:  i?--';  •    I  4   'J'-.'v      J 

-.   .itf-t  •     i,     vi-,"!  •    I 
■  .'y^r  ■.  :  i-'i-  »•  v  •  •■ 

■■';  ■  >'■      "h't  •'•;■■■   i 

-'•■■,'-v :■■■■■.  .■■«• '.--•■I 
.:7^^:^.^-H:.-\^v  f 

»•  .  '''-. '»  \.i  ■  •••'.•^      ■  I 
1'    '•'•,  •  :    '^      ■••■.  t      ■.  I 

"':   ^.v  ..■>.\"i ■»;•..' 


>;.. 


-    -■■■ttw. 


.•■.^•;A.f 


':7-::::- 


Depautmknt  ok  THK  IXTKiaOK, 

Washinyion,  1).  C,  Octohir  '28,  1868. 
Silt:  I  have  considered  yonr  report  of  the  22d  instant,  returning  letter  of  Franklin 
i^teek',  csi]..  which  was  referred  to  you  on  the  li)th  instant,  in  relation  to  the  locatiiijr 
1)J  liiill'-lii(,'(!ds  of  certilieates  issued  to  them  under  treaty  of  1854,  with  the  Chippewas 
of  Luke  Superior  and  the  Mississippi. 

Vuu  recommend  that  the  half-breeds,  or  mixed-blonds,  provided  for  by  the  seventh 
daiibcof  the  seeoiul  article  of  the  treaty  of  30th  September,  1854,  be  permitted  to  lo- 


-  '      ■*»•'*.  .1  -'< 


'■>  *:■"f^  ■.■■■■■■■  iTW'll 


48 


CHIPPEWA    HALF-UKKKDS    OF    LAKE    SUPERIOR. 


mm 


(•lite  tlir-  liuids  ilimattMl  to  tlioiii   l»,v  Hiiid  cliniso  "  upon  any  of  tlio  tonitoiy  aciinircil 
IVom  llirir  own  iM-opIt'." 

Yoii  ii'iiiiiilc  tlint  tln;H<' luilf-brccds  lisivtt  iKTrtot'orii  "  Immmi  |i<'rinifffil  to  locntc  their 
i-t'rtili(';itfs  11)1011  any  of  tliti  latulN  of  the  I'nitcd  States  snlijcct  to  pi'<'-<'iii|itiiiii  anil 
M-ttlt'OKMit,"  anil  Hn>;K*'Ht  tliat  it  would  i)o  hut  Just  that  tlio.sii  wiio  lia\'i!  imt  y,.) 
)ivail<'<l  flicniHcivi^N  of  tlin  liiMicllt..s  of  tin-  said  sm'entli  clauses  of  the  Mccmd  arljcliM)! 
said  ti'fiity  uliould  liavo  tlut  I'ij;!'^'  "''  std.Mition  i>xtendod  to  sin-li  tractn  ol  conn  try  as 
liavo  IVoiTi  tinn-  to  tinn*  lu'nn  aciiuircd  l»y  tlio  llnitod  States  fnini  their  own  jm  oitjo,  tlio 
Cliippt'was. 

It  appears  l)y  Mr.  Steele's  letter  tliat  "a  hir^o  poition  of  said  lialf-lneeds  in (?  resi- 
dents of  other  jMirtions  of  the  territory  et'chMl  by  the  Cliippowas"  than  that  cedcil  h\ 
the  treaty  of  lHr)4. 

In  view  of  nil  theso  circuinstanees,  tiie  half-ltreeds  (Mubniced  in  tlio  itrovisionH  cif 
said  seventh  clause  of  the  second  article  of  the  treaty  of  IJOtli  Sej)teinlier,  Iji.')l.  will  li,. 
|ierniitted  to  make  locatiiuis  within  the  limits  of  the  territory  ceded  to  the  lUitiMl 
States  liy  the  lirst  artichi  of  tlu^  treaty  last  ahovo  nanu'd,  or  within  the  limits  df  f||.. 
tcrritoiy  ceded  l>y  the  seu(uid  article  ot  the  treaty  between  the  Uidted  States  and  tliv 
Red  Lak(' and  I'embina  bands  of  ("hiopewas,  of  October '2,  l."*!!:},  or  within  tlw  liiiiit> 
of  the  teiiit(uy  eedeil  by  the  lirst  article  of  the  ireaty  between  tho  Tnited  SlatL-s  ami 
the  Chippewas  of  the  >IisHissi];)|)i  of  May  7,  lHii4. 

In  the  event  of  tho  Helt'Ctions  beinfj  nnnle  within  the  limits  of  either  of  the  two  lust- 
nanu'd  districts  of  country,  ami  upon  iinsmveycd  lantls,  tho  boundaries  of  sacli  suIhc- 
tioim  must  be  lulJuMted  in  confornnty  with  the  lint'H  of  the  oiUcial  Hiirveys  wlieii  tin: 
same  shall  b(!  maiie. 

1  am,  sir,  very  respectlully,  your  obedient  servant, 

().  II.  BROWNING, 

Hon.  \.  (i.  Taylok,  . 

CommmioiU'r  of  Itidhtit  AffuifD.  .   •      \. 


No.  IG. 


Sll! 

ciition 

Missis 

The 


DKPAltlMKNT   OI'   THK   IXTKUIOl!, 

lf'twliiii()toii,  J),  v.,  Ol tuber 'i'J,  ISlir. 

In  rejdyiug  (ui  yesterday  to  your  letter  of  the  22d  instinit  in  ndatioii  to  the  lo- 
certilicates  issued  to  half-breed  t'hii)pewas.  reference  to  the  tre;tty  with  the 
ill])!  'iiaiiils  of  Chippewas  of  Felu'uary  '-i'^,  Irt.")."),  was  inadvertently  oinitteil. 
l(rivilej'<!  of  location  will  ]»•.  so  extended  as  to  embrace,  in  additi(ui  to  tiiiMliv 
tricts  of  country  luiiued  in  my  letter  of  yesterday,  the  tract  cede<l  to  the  United  .Stiito 
by  tlic  lirst  arlichi  of  the  treaty  above  nanu'd;  but  locations  within  and  upnii  said 
tract,  if  nuide,  upon  unsnrveyed  laud,  nnist  be  subjecr  to  the  condition  of  conl'oniiity 
to  the  lines  of  the  official  surveys  wIidii  tin*  same  shall  have  bueu  made. 
1  am,  sir,  very  respectfully,  \our  obedient  servant, 

O.  H.  BR0WNIN(5, 

Svvrctanj. 
The  CoMMissioxKR  OI'  Indian  Aikaiks.  ' 


No.  r 


DKl'Ain'MKNT   OF   TIIK   iNTKIilOIt, 

Wanh'inyton,  D.  C,  yorcmhi'i-  H.  I'^C'-. 

Sil! :  Ajii'ceably  to  the  reiujuiuuMidation  of  your  letter  of  tin;  Hist  ultimo,  the  ccitili- 
cates  to  which  the  mixed-bloods  bchuijrinj^  to  the  Cliippawas  of  Lake  Stipfiioiaif 
entitled,  under  the  seventh  clause  of  the  second  article  of  tlu)  treaty  of  IHttli  S(|itcinl)er, 
1854,  will  be  issued;  but  they  muBt,  upcui  their  face,  be  restricted  in  locition  to  the 
districts  of  country  ujion  which  it  has  heretofore  been  decided  they  were  locataWe, 
as  nientiou<;d  in  the  letters  of  this  Deptirtment  to  the  Indian  Bureau,  dated  resjicotively 
the  '-iMth  and  vJ'Jth  of  October,  IHOri. 

When  (he  eertilicates  shall  have  been  issued,  you  will  please  iHform  this  Departiiient, 
and  sulimit  ii  list  thereof,  that  proper  instructions  may  be  given  to  the  Connuissiouer 
of  the  (General  Laiul-Ottice.  ,    . 

The  pa[>ers  are  herewith  returned. 

Verv  respectfullv,  your  obedient  servant, 

O.  H.  BROWNINCx, 

Secretary. 
Hon.  N.  a.  Tayi.oI!, 

Commimiioiitr  of  Indian  Affairs, 


orritoiy  aci|iiiri'( 


Ot/o/xr'iO,  ISft*. 


CHIITEVVA   HALF-BREEDS   OF    LAKE    SUPERIOR. 


49 


No.  18. 


•Hj)     .  vl  '.i  h.iiN.r. . , ..'■      .  ■  .        Dki'aktmkst  or  thk  tNXKnion, 

gii;:  I  trnuainit  hcrewitli,  for  yniir  iiifoiniiiMcMi,  ii  copy  of  ii  lutti^r,  ilati'il  tlie  lltU 
JDKtaiit,  siililru.-*sii(l  to  tb(;  (JoiiiiiiisHiiMiri'  of  tb<^  (loiuirid  Lttii(l-()lll(ji<,  uoiitiiiuinx  tho  *lo- 
clrloii  nt  tlie  SHuretiiry  of  Mie  Iiiti-rior  in  iitlatioii  to  tliu  lo(;atioii  of  ct!rtili(;iit<t.i  ui-  Horiit 
Ihjmi'd  to  iiiixtMi  blood  Cliipptiwiirt  niiiler  tliu  teeuty  uf  'Mth  Sopteiiibur,  lb54,  to  whiuu 
tlicui'tioii  of  tlit>  Indiiiii  1(111(3)111  will  coiifoi'tn. 
Vc  ry  respectfully,  your  ubcdieut  Mcrviint, 


llou.  E.  8.  Tahkkh, 

Cuinmintiiouir  of  Indian  Jffdirs, 

Ittiiii  I    • 

Jilt  )»H'   ■ 

(li?  Ill- 1. 


[Copy.] 


')l,l!^    Il  f,! 
lll;il    /< 


•ill 

;i--i 

I  1-. 


■I  iii    ,.;. 


/Il 


■tin  )i 


'I  I*; 


w. 


I> 

I.U' 


T.  OTTO, 

AcHiiij  Swrtlury. 


DEAIirMKNT  OV    TIIK   LnTKIUOU, 

n'uxhhKjIon,  D.  C,  Jiifiiint  11,  IBfiO. 

Slit:  Applit'ntion  hiiviiijj  been  niado  for  a  rnvitnv  and  iiiodilicaHon  uf  tlio  ducisioii  of 
thi'Ui  pitrtiiitMit,  addr4;H,si)d  to  you  on  tbc  '^Htli  day  of  January  last,  in  relation  to  tho 
liiratioii  (if  certili('Ht<!H  or  scrip  issni^d  to  mixed-bloods  of  the  Cliippcwas  of  Laku  Sii- 
|i('iiiir,  iiMd(^r  ticiity  of  SoptcuiliiT  'M),  H.")4,  tlic  SfiiiKtary  lias  eonsidertid  tins  subject, 
ami  iiisniicts  nut  to  say  tliat  I113  dt^clincs  to  comply  witli  tint  re()iicst.  The  action  of  the 
lit'liartiiicnt  in  relation  to  said  scrii)  will,  therefore,  cuufurni  to  the  terms  uf  the  decision 
riforrcd  to. 

I  am  (iiitlKir  dircct^l  by  the  StMUctary  to  inform  you  that  no  more  certificates  or 
sciiinvill  be  is.sucd  to  the  mixed-blood  C'liippowas  undiir  the  tn^aty  aforesaid,  but  that 
li;iiti(.'s  entitled  to  eiffhty  acres  of  land  under  its  ((rovisions  will  be  re(iiiired  to  make 
tlicir  scli-ctions  in  person.  All  lo(;atioiis  aud  helectiuns  are  to  be  luudo  upon  surveyed 
lauds. 

Very  respectfully,  your  obedient  i;irvant, 

.......  1   >..uo...,..,  W.T.OTTO 

Asmntant  Secretary. 
The  C'o.M.MissioxEU  of  tiik  Genuuai-  Laxd-Oikice. 


Ir  ,1: 


. il  ill- 


■'if'  D)' 


No.  19. 


I  '1 


!  -'.^  i"i    1:       •',<  I       tliMi  r,     -'11  ■  I     \   ill     ■  _  _  ill'' 

Dkpaiitmkxt  of  the  Ixterioij, 

JVaMhiiintoii,  I).  C,  Xorcmher  4,  18(59. 

Sir:  I  have  roct^ived  and  considered  your  letter  of  the  «i.')th  ultimo,  and  you  ar(!  in- 
formed that  the  instructions  issued  by  dinM!tion  of  Mr.  Secretary  Urowninji;  in  relation 
til  the  iipplication  of  the  mixed-blood  C'hippewas  of  Lake  Siiperi(U'  f(U'  c(U'titi('ates 
I'lititliujj;  th(!m  to  land  .iiuhir  the  seventh  clause  of  the  8e(!oiid  article  of  the  treaty 
witlibiiid  tribe,  concluded  September  30,  ISbi,  will  be  adhered  to. 
Very  respectfully, 

W.  T,  OTTO, 

Jclhiij  tSecretary. 
The  CoMMissioxKU  of  Ixdiax  Affaiiis. 


-  (Mii;; 
;.   I., I 


I  'h 


111    l-lt-ljl! 


M   < 


■:ll    |. 

•  ■  I    •, 


t..|-;!l    ■      I   '•.!    -m;^        ;     .   M       .  -/ 

No.  20.       Ji^-i'-f".  '  :  •'..:,,■ 

Depautment  or  the  Interior, 

i"i  if    inii'  •  •  Wushiw/ton,  I).  C,  July  'iH,  1870; 

Sm:  Agreeably  to  tlio  recommendation  contained  in  the  Commissioner's  letter  of  the 
%\i  instant,  you  are  hereby  authorized  aud  directed  to  appoint  R.  F.  Crowoll,  of  Saint 
Paul,  Mimujs(>ta,  as  special  agent  to  take  evid(ince,  with  a  view  to  ascertain  what  per- 
snus  of  mixed  blood  are  entitled  to  receive  certificates  of  scri[»  for  lands,  under  the  pro- 
visions of  the  seventh  clause  of  thesecond  article  of  the  treaty  conclnded  at  La  Poiuto, 
Wisconsin,  on  the  IJOth  day  of  September,  18,')4,  between  the  Uidted  States  and  the 
Cbipiitiwa  Indians  of  Lake  Superior  aud  the  Mississippi,  and  to  prepare  a  list  of  such 
persous,  to  be  submitted  to  the  Department. 

4  n  B  8  i         1 


.M 


■i :  -  ;. 


f 


:..;...,  • 


,  !'■       t '«  ■•■  ■  •^'  **  y      :   ^ 
|jj   •■<>!>  -'-Li".,.      •'.   . 

•^.■•'*>'r.. -u:  ,.;„t  ;*■•. 

:.*■  •'^-'.'•"•/•wf-  S'-, ,.  ■ 

■^' -ji-'Si-yyi- 1 

»•■■■,  '.Ki-r  i»-i-.  ■■  =.) 

.f -■;»'■:  ■;-.,..  V.'i,.V'..-,  "I 

•.,  J  ■■A•■■•^•^■  y.  ^■  T.  1 

..■;>.;':,•.;-;■•■  .;'',.•■  -.s-i-  -^ 


e-r-'^.vVi; 


50 


CHIPPEWA  half-i«rkf:i)s  of  lakk  superior. 


m 


ii  ! 


.iJ:?« 


Tho  cnmponNittini)  of  Niiid  s|Mcinl  iiK<'itt  will  Im"  nt  tlic  ruin  nt'ff)  |i«ir  diiy,  wliilp  it,  t],^ 
)>frloi'iiiuii)Mt  ot'  tli*t  wti'vicf,  iiiid  his  lu.'tiiiil  fxixtiiHi'M,  ti«  liu  paiit  out  of  tliti  c'iiiitiijm,,|t 
fiiiiil  of  tilt'  IiHliiiii  Di'imitini'iil. 

Jn  tlKMimti'iii'tioim  to  Mr.  (M'owitll,  yon  will  enjoin  upon  him  tlio  nititt.'HHity  of  t),,,.. 
forniuiK  "'»'  HKivici)  iih  Hiiet'diiy  a«  piiicticiiWU-,  ('oiisiNtcnt  with  tho  «'Hlfifiit  ili»t(liur){Miii' 
t)i<' tIntii'H  to  !)*<  pt'iforiMfd  nnditr  hin  iippoiiitinunt,  uiid  thut  Mtiivt  uconuiiiy  luimt  be 
obHurvfd  in  r«>);iird  liotli  to  time  luid  iiiout'y.     <,.    "a  i  ,    ,i      ■», 

Very  I't'Hpectl'ully,  . 

J.  D.  COX, 
'     '  •  mtcnUmj, 

Thu  AcriNO  C'UMMIHNIONEK  OF  Ini>ian  Akkaii<».  ,  ,    , 


No.  'il. 


DKI'AinMKNT  (»K  T((K   InTKIMOH. 

Uiixhinijtoti,  IK  C,  Ainil  '2\,  187], 

Sir  :  My  fittcnfioTi  lins  licoii  frccinenHy  <ullcd  l>y  coinmpondtMits,  as  wtdi  .ih  liy  yom- 
Nclf,  to  till'  ri^jlitu  of  ct'itiiin  Chippewa  Indians  to  land  and  land-scrip,  jn-ovidc  d  for  liv 
treaties  with  said  ln«liaim,  latilied  respectively  ^September  'M,  1H54,  Ootolicr  •vMrTii 
and  April  Vi,  W4. 

Cnder  the  first  of  theso  treaties,  the  records  of  this  Ottlee  inform  mc  that  ii  Inr^'c 
anionnt  of  scrip  has  hcen  issned,  and  vavions  rnlinjjs  of  the  Jiand  Office,  wliirli  haw 
been  altered  from  time  to  time  in  rej^ard  to  the  location  of  such  scrip,  have  liecn  re- 
ferred to.  ITnder  the  two  last  treaties  no  scrii»  has  hi'cn  issned.  Great  luicertniutv 
seems  to  exist  in  refercnco  to  the  identity  of  the  parties  eiititlcf^to  tlu'  land  and  lanif- 
M('rip  provided  for  nnder  the  treaties  ah'ive  referred  to,  and  nnich  complaint  iiuH  bicn 
made,  to  me  in  reference  to  frauds  practiced  and  now  contemplated  under  the  foreL'o- 
iiiK  treaties. 

1  understand,  also,  that  ^Ir.  Crowell  has  been  heretofore  desi^^nated  by  your  Ottlictn 
take  testimony  and  ascertain  what  persons  an;  entitled  to  land  and  land-s(il|i  iukIit 
the  afoiesaid  treaties.  Mr.  Crowell  s-ems  fo  have  in  part  executed  this  duty,  and  has 
submitted  to  me  the  uninner  in  whidi  he  has  thus  far  executed  his  work. 

In  consideration  of  tho  f^reat  importance  of  havinjj  an  authentic  record  made  forflu' 
use  of  your  Olhce  iind  this  l)e]iartmcnt  of  the  persons  entitled  to  hnul  <nid  liuid-scrip 
under  the  aloresaid  treaties,  I  am  inclined  to  think  it  is  advisable  to  revoke  tlic  pics- 
ent  api)ointment  of  Mr.  (Crowell,  and  to  appoint  a  msw  commission  to  discliarfjiMho 
duties  imposed  ui)on  him.  This  (M)m(nission,  when  so  appointed,  shouhMiave  their  at- 
tention calh'd  specitically  to  the  treaties  renderinj;  their  a]ipointment  necessary,  and 
providing  for  the  land  ami  land-scrip  to  be  issued  to  the  Indians  aforesaid. 

I  have  concluded  to  desijfnate  for  ihe  dischiirjje  of  this  duty  the  foilowiiis^-iianu'il 
]ierson8:  Henry  S.  Neal,  of  Irouton,  Ohio;  U.  V.  Crowell,  of  Minnesota  :  slliiiri  X. 
Clarke,  ayeiit  for  the  Chippewas  of  Lake  Sui)erior;  and  Edward  P.  Smith,  Mfj;tut  fur 
th(»  Chippewas  of  the  Mississippi. 

'i'hese  ))ersous  should  be  fully  instructed  in  their  duties,  and  aiuon<^  other  thiii|B;»I 
have  conclu  led  to  advise  that  their  instructions  should  embrace  substantially  thu fol- 
lowing ]>ara<;raph  : 

"  Your  duty  arises  under  the  seventh  clause  of  the  secoiul  article  of  tho  treaty  con- 
cluded with  the  Chij»pe\va  Indians  of  Lake  Sujierior  and  the  Mississip[>i,  ratilied  Sep- 
tember :?0,  1854,  (Stats,  iit  Large,  vol.  10,  piiges  HOD,  llll»,)  and  the  eighth  artitieof  tho 
treaty  cotudnded  with  the  He(l  Lake  and  Pembina  Chipiu'wa  Indians,  ratilicd  Uctohit 
"2.  iHti;?,  (Stats,  at  liMrge,  vol.  r,{.  ])age  (iOD,)  as  amended  by  the  seventh  .-irticleof  the 
treaty  couclu<le(l  with  the  same  Indians,  and  ratiliinl  April  12,  1H()4,  (Stats,  at  Lar^e, 
vol.  i;},  page  (ii)U.)  In  tin;  discharge  of  your  duty  you  must  carefully  examine  andcon- 
sider  the  articlt^s  of  the  several  treaties  herein  referred  to.  liy  the  seventh  uliiufieof 
the  second  article  of  the  treaty  of  ltfr)4,  it  is  provided  as  follows:  'Each  liuadnfa 
family  or  single  person  over  twenty-one  years  of  age  at  tho  present  time,  of  the  iiii.Ktil- 
bloods  belonging  to  the  Chippewas  of  liake  Superior,  shall  be  entitled  to  ei^dity  acies 
of  land,  to  be  selected  by  them  under  the  direetiou  of  the  President,  which  shall  be 
secured  to  them  by  patent  in  the  usual  form.' 

"  In  ascertaining  who  is  entitled  to  land  under  this  section  of  this  treaty,  it  is  to  be 
(d)served  that  the  person  must  have  been,  at  the  date  of  the  treaty,  the  head  of  a  family, 
or  a  single  person  over  twenty-oiui  years  of  age,  and  of  mixed  blood,  belonging  to  the 
Chippewas  of  Lake  Superior.  You  should  see  that  all  these  re(|uisites  are  substan- 
tiated by  adequate  proof  in  the  case  of  each  person  claiming  laud  under  this  .section, 
and  the  proof  in  each  cast*  should  be  presented  so  that  it  can  be  readily  refcin^d  to. 

"  The  eighth  artidoof  tin!  treaty  of  October  '2,  iHti;!,  provides,  '  In  further  consideration 
of  the  foregoing  cession,  it  is  hereby  agreed  that  the  United  States  shall  grant  to  eaeli 


Tj.; 


CniPPRU'A    TIALF-HRKFinS    OK    LAKE    HrPERlOR. 


51 


>.■-»? 


'    I     "  f  J 


(i-i 


mult'iulnlt.  Imlf'-Jiriind  or  Jiiixfil-liloofl,  who  is  n^luti'il  1»v  Mood  to  tlif  unid  ('liippKWHii 
III'  thi<  m\i\  iti^il  li:ikt>  mill  I'iMiioiiiM  ItitixiN,  who  hits  ni|ni»ri)(l  tho  hiihirs  iiiiil  «;iiNroi)in  of 
(ivili/'i'il  lit*'-  ii>i*l  vvlio  is  a  riti/.i'ii  of  thi*  Ihiilml  Htiiitti-i,  n  lioiiiostHiMl  of  oiin  limiilrt^il 
iiiiitHixiy  »'  r<^H  of  liiiiil,  to  lilt  Hi'ltM'tiul  lit  his  o|itioii  within  tlio  limits  of  thn  ti'iict  of 
inimtry  hiTi'liy  codi'il  to  th«  ITiiitml  StiituH.  or  any  litiiil  not  iii'«*vioiisIy  iic(!ii|)i«il  by 
,;:'>niil  Hrttlors,  or  iiovf^rtMl  liy  prior  K''<t>)'^>  tl>*^  lioiiiidiirifs  thort'of  to  lio  iitljiistttil  in 
(iiiil'uriiiity  with  tho  liiit's  of  tho  oltliial  surveys,  wIhmi  thii  NaiiiH  shall  ho  iiiaile,  and 
uitii  till'  iawH  atul  roKiilationa  uf  thu  United  >Statu8  iin'cctiuK  tho  location  and  entry  of 
llic  saiiK'.' 

■'Till'  Hovi'iith  articlo  of  th«  treaty  of  April  l*i,  IHIi.l,  is  in  thcMci  words:  '  It  is  fiirtlior 
a|;riM'ii  liy  thi^  parties  Inu'iito,  that,  in  limi  of  tho  hinilH  provided  for  thu  iiiixod-hloiMls  liy 
artlcli'  clKhtof  said  twaty,  coni'Iiidt'd  at  tho  old  rroHsin^ot'  Rod  Lako  Hivor,  scrip  sliall 
III' i^Hiii'il  to  siioli  of  said  niixod-liloods  as  shall  so  cloitt,  which  shall  oititlo  tho  holilor 
Ilia  like  iinioiitit  of  land,  and  inay.lio  lotatt-d  upon  any  laiul  coded  liy  said  treaty,  liiit 
mil  cisrw  lien.';  and  shall  bu  accepted  by  said  iiii\od-blo<Kls  in  lii.'n  of  all  fntiiru  claims  for 
iiuniiitii'S.' 

•Ill  iiscortnininj;  who  am  oiititlod  to  tho  boiu^flts  secured  by  the  nforosaid  treaties 
|;i!it  mtiilii»no(i,yoii  will  oliMorvo  that  tho  ^jraiit  is  contlned  to  tho  mule  adults,  half- 
Wo'iIm,  or  iiiixod-bloods,  related  by  blood  to  tho  suid  ('hippowas  of  said  lied  Lake  and 
iViiiliiiu  liands,  who  hud,  at  thu  dato  of  tho  treaty,  adopted  the  'labilH  and  cuntomti  of 
civilized  life,  and  was  tlieii  a  citizt-n  of  rlio  l.'nitod  States. 

"Von  will,  therefore,  ascertain  who,  iluiniiiiK  tho  beiiotit^s  of  this  treaty,  wore  inalo 
aiiiiits  of  tlu!  half-breeds  or  mixed-bloods  of  tho  ('hi|ipowas  of  the  Ked  Luke  and  I'om- 
liiiiH  bands,  having  tlio  habits  and  customs  of  civilized  life,  and  who  hu<l  become  citi- 
wiiitof  tlie  I'nited  States  at  tlio  dato  of  the  treaty;  and  the  pronf  in  each  case  should 
cli'urly  show  that  the  foregoing  rc(|uisileH  were  all  possessed  by  the  parties  claimiiit{ 
llw  Ijtiiielits  of  tho  treaty,  and  should  be  so  taken  as  to  be  conveniently  referred  to  iu 
lli«  vdiisidcration  of  each  case. 

"lu  exccntinn  tho  trust  conlidcd  to  yon,  you  will  be  careful  to  observe  tho  foregoing 
inntriictious." 

If  you  SCO  no  reason  to  tho  contrary,  I  shall  be  glad  to  have  you  notify  the  afore' 
tail!  persons  of  their  designation  as  commissioners  for  the  duty  aforesaid,  and  give 
tiieiii  the  lUiccssary  instructions,  including  wliat  I  have  herein  .■HUggosted,  and  dircc'" 
Uieia  tu  proceed  immediately  to  tho  discharge  of  their  duty. 
Very  respectfully,  your  obedient  servant, 

C.  DELANO,  Secniary. 

Tlie  COM.MISSIONKU  oi'  Ini»ian  Akf.\ih.s. 


'<•• 


V    •  I  Wasiusgton,  D.  C,  J/arcft  n,  1p7L 

f^ilt;  1  have  tlio  lienor  to  noknowlcdge  tho  receipt  of  your  letter  of  tho  7th  ultimo, 
tcfiriiiig  to  my  iiistrnctions  dafed  August  5,  H70,  diisignating  me  a  special  agent  fif 
voiir  Hiireiiu,  "  to  take  the  evidence  with  a  view  to  ascertain  what  persons  of  mixed 
iiloiid  Hie  entitled  to  receive  certillcatcs  of  scriji  for  land  under  tho  provisions  of  the 
smiitli  clause  of  the  seiiond  article  of  the  treaty  concluded  at  La  Pointo,  Wisconsin-, 
m  the  :Hltii  day  of  September,  1H,')4,  betwcoii  the  United  States  and  tho  Chippewa 
Imtiansot  l-ako  Superior  and  tho  Mississijipi,"  and  also  under  the  provisions  of  the 
rts[litli  article  of  the  treaty  of  October  2,  lHti;{,  lietwoen  the  United  States  and  the  Red 
Uike  and  Pembina  bands  of  the  C'hippowa  Indians,  and  requesting  ti'at  such  data  as 
iiiiiy  hiivo  come  into  my  possession  may  be  furnished  your  olUce  w  ithout  uiiueccssary 
(ielity. 

Ill  rei>ly,  I  would  say  that  on  the  receipt  of  my  letter  o'"  instnictions,  (September  L'i, 
I'^'O.)  1  i|iialitii)d  in  accordance  therewith,  and  oiitenMl  upi.n  the  discliarge  of  my  duties 
liy  preparing  proper  blank  forms  suitable  for  taking  tlu  I'vidciicc  required  by  my 
iiistiactiiiiiH  in  the  great  inujority  of  cases,  ami  proccmlcd  t)  thu  coun  ry  where  thu 
claiiiiiuits  resided,  invostigating  each  chhh — requiring  oacli  cl;  niaiit  to  come  before  mo 
aiiil  lua lie.  proof,  as  rc(|uii'<;d  by  your  oHlce.  Tlie  evidence  Mipporting  each  case  was 
tiikt'ii  hcliire  me,  and  each  claimaut  and  witnesses  alHxod  his  or  her  signature  or  mark 
in  my  jiiemiiice,  and  tho  oath  was  administerod  by  iiio  r,o  biitli  claimaiir.  and  witiiessus 
wiii're  the  proofs  purport  to  have  been  taken  by  me,  and  where  the  oath  was  not 
aiiininiatercil  by  mo  it  was  admiuistored  in  my  presence. 

I  was  well  received  by  tho  mixed-bloods ;  and  upon  stating  to  them  tho  object  :ind 
purpose  of  my  coming,  I  found  that  they  were  generally  and  almost  universally 
wlicitous  to  obtain  scrip,  aud  desired  it  should  be  issued  to  them  without  any  embar- 
rassing restrictioLs. 


■     •!    '    .         ■     •  ■••.■•  .  • 


^'V^:'' 


,; 


^  t  •  >.  •    ■  ^     V   ,   '  .  • 


;i^*v*»..  ■ 


i:,,.., 


..,  ■.>>.^^.■>.*i,••..l,'•■^.:| 
'••kV-ir.'-v  •-":'■■-•  •    i 


.•■-*3*v.<:w 


A  '< , 


V:;..A<iv 


/'    :'*■•■    •     II 


V::V,s;:::-v.:4---. 


.^^^i::r^■ 


:  ..if"*        ''■••  ■^•  '"  .: 

'vi^vr  ■'■':■  ■■■•V-.- . 


■:i-  f , 


,;>>::  ^iV*-:.;^"  ^^■•:; 

■■..  '.■-■."■/  ■.;.■-■.    '^'  ■  ; 

,r.N»!|.-  „  ..;'.--Jj..'  ,•:  • 

'^i*^*  :,:*■■■  :r::.U-. 
.•'-■  .;•,•.•.■ '.;■•■    .*'■■  ••<•■-,  .i 

.-  '    ■■.■     -      ?i-       "*      '*t      •     •      i 

•'  *."■':•.; .  ■  '•  iT-J"-'.} 


PI 


III 

M 

Jswk 

hEH 

ElJ|ftfl 

W^RIkI 

fflw^l 

mNH 

la<B''« 

^■Klfl 

11^ 

pBEw 

mW^ 

M^l 

52 


CHIPPEWA   HALF-BREEDS   OF   LAKE    SUPERIOR. 


t;L 


m 


Tlic  Red  Liiko  and  l^ombina  niixed-ltloods  oliiiiiird  tliat  it  liad  been  Htipiilntcd  and 
piovidt'd  ill  tlwir  treaty  that  scrij)  wlionld  lu*  isHiud  to  them  in  lieu  of  hwul,  uiid  tiny 
dcKiri'd  the  Hanio  uh  muoii  and  in  a.s  valiiabh;  a  f'oini  as  |)OMHible. 
.  Ill  followiii^r  out  my  iiiHtriictionH,  and  a(i]ilying  tlieiii  to  caueH  that  came  betore  \w, 
I  was  obliged  to  reject,  after  duo  consideration,  a  niuiiber  of  cases  as  not  bfjiifr  ,.||! 
titled  to  tbo  beiielits  and  provisions  of  the  treatit^s.  I  have  retained  in  my  ))()Hsi'Miiiii 
tlie  jjapers  and  proofs  in  a  nnmber  of  eases,  in  order  that  I  uiif^bt  give  tiiciii  fiiitlioi 
investigation,  wliieli  eases  will  be  siibniithid  in  my  subse<|iient  report. 

I  herewilh  submit  in  two  separate  tabular  statements,  (marke«l  A  and  H,)  toj;t\tlier 
■with  the  proofs,  lists  of  the  claimants  under  both  treaties  whose  claims  Inive  licen 
investigated  and  examined  by  me.  The  tabular  stafement  marked  A  is  the  list  of  the 
claimants  under  the  treaty  with  the  Lake  Superior  and  Misssissippi  Indians;  ami  tin; 
proof  in  each  case  is  numbered  to  correspond  with  the  nuiubcrof  the  claimants  iiisaid 
tabular  statement.  , 

The  tabular  statement  marked  B  is  a  list  of  the  claimants  under  the  Red  Lake  ami 
I'embina  treaty  ;  and  the  proof  in  eai'h  ease  is  also  numbered  to  correspond  with  tbo 
inimber  of  the  claimant  in  said  tabular  statiMiient. 

I  exi)ccted  to  have  nu't  many  of  the  balllneeds  at  the  annual  payments,  and  to 
haM'  obtained  a  iiiucli  larger  number  of  jiroofs,  but  was  not  properly  advised  as  totln' 
time  of  the  iiaymeiits,  (sveu  after  writing  to  tln^  agent  of  theChippewas  on  tliesulijtct, 
and  was  thereby  nuiterially  retarded  in  my  work,  occasioned,  I  have  no  doubt,,  by  the 
change  of  agents. 

A  largo  number  of  the  half-breeds  bad  started  out  for  their  winter  hunting,  so  that 
they  were  diflii;ult  of  acct.-ss,  and  some  were  unalile  to  be  found.  The  siiasoii  of  'he 
year,  it  being  lalt;  in  the  fall,  was  unfavorable  to  my  cllbrts,  and  storms  coming  on  and 
winter  .setting  in  lemlered  traveling  diHieult  and  expensive,  and  a  further  eontiiiuanee 
of  tbo  work  for  that  time  impracticable. 

There  have  been  presented  tome,  audi  have  been  ro(|Ue8ted  to  report  them,  alaip; 
number  of  ap|ilicatioiis,  the  evidence  to  substantiate  wliieli  was  taken  prior  to  the  time 
of  my  appointuuMit.  These  applications  were  jiresented  liy  agents  of  the  elaiiiiinits, 
and  1  have  been  informed  that  there  are  still  others  which  will  be  presenti'd.  licloi'e 
examining  and  investigatiiig  these  cases  further,  I  would  respectfully  rei|uest  yoiu 
iiLstructions  in  the  premises. 

Several  parties  have  applied  for  and  insisted  that  they  were  entitled  to  scrip  under 
the  Red  Lake;  and  rembina  treaty,  who,  on  examination,  appeared  entitled  to  receive 
the  same,  but  for  tbi^  fact  that  they  had  itrevioiisly  received  scrip  as  mixed-bloods  ot 
the  Sioux  or  Dakota  Indians,  under  the  act  of  Congress  ot  July,  1804.  I  am  satislied 
that  these  ])arties  are  mixed-bloods  of  the  Red  l^ake  and  Pembina  bands,  as  well  as 
mixed-bloods  of  the  Dakota  or  Sioux  Nations.  Unt  I  construed  your  instruction  in 
these  as  in  all  other  ca.ses  strictly,  and  rejected  the  applications,  believing  that  my 
instructions  contemplated  the  issuing  of  scrip  to  sii(;li  persons  tiiily  as  ha<l  not  pievi- 
ously  received  it.  It  is  true  th(!  instructions  say  "  under  treaty,"'  4.V:c.,  and  that  tiiis 
class  of  applicants  reeiM\ed  their  8cri[»  in  )iiirsuance  of  an  act  of  Congress,  and  not 
"  under  treaty;"  still,  1  have  acted  upon  the  theory  that  the  Department  did  not  con- 
sti lie  the  treaty  of  Ir'tili  so  as  to  entitle  iiiixed-blo.ids  of  the  Red  Lake  and  I'tNiihliiii 
bands  who  hail  previously  rectiived  scri])  to  receive  it  again,  although  issued  otherwise 
than  "  under  treaty."  If  I  havt!  erred  in  this  construction,  I  will,  on  being  so  advised, 
include  these  cases  in  my  siil>se(iiient  rejiort. 

I  am  unable  to  come  to  a  salisfactoiy  eonelusion  as  to  the  amount  of  labor  necessary 
to  camplett-  tht;  work,  lint  in  my  judgment  it  will  require  from  four  to  six  mouths 
additional  work  and  time.  ,j 

Very  respectfully,  your  obedient  servant, 

R.  F.  CROWELL, 

t^lHvutl  Jijvitt,,^'!:. 

Hon.  Elv  S.  r.\i!Ki:i:, 

Commisxioittr  of  Iiidiun  Affairtt, 


l.i    .Junelic  IJii 


11  Htipuliitcd  and 
>t'  laiul,  iiiid  tli,.y 

came  bet'ore  iiic, 
18  not  bcini,'  en' 
ill  my  iKiHscNsioi, 
ivc  thuiii  fuitliiir 


le  R(!d  Ijakn  and 
rt'siionil  with  tbo 

laymtMits,  and  to 
a(lviH('(l  as  to  the 
as  on  t  lie  subject, 
no  doubt,  by  tlie 

luintin;r,  so  tliat 
ill)  stsasoii  of  'lie 
iscoininftonniid 
'thercontinuauec 


imI  to  Hcrip  tnider 
ntitled  to  receive 
uiixtni-bldods  of 
I  aia  Natislieil 
bands,  as  well  as 
11°  instruution  in 
ulieviii);  tbat  my 
as  had  not  pievi- 
v.,  and  that  tills 
;onj;rt'ss,  and  not 
[lent  did  nut  con- 
le  and  I'l'inbinu 
issncd  otlicrwisc 
being  HO  advised, 


K'OVVKI>L, 


CHIPPEWA   HALF-BREEDS   OF   LAKE    SUPERIOR. 


HI. 


53 


lift  of  pirHotiH  ill  part  of  mixed  Mood  who  are  entitled  to  receire  ceiiifivates  of  scrip  for  landu 
iiiii'ltr  the  prorinioiiK  of  the  wrenth  claime  of  the  necoiid  article  of  the  treati/  concluded  at  La 
I'oiiite,  If'ixcoiixiii,  on  the  '.iQlh  daif  of  Seiitember,  IS-ti,  hetieeen  the  United  Stati'H  and  tlie 
Chippewa  fndianH  of  Lake  Superior  and  tlie  MisninHippi,  taken  hy  U.  F.  Croirell,  special 
agent,  duriiifi  October,  Xoremher,  and  December,  1870,  and  January,  1871,  under  Im  letter 
ofuppiiininwnt,  dated  August ;'),  1870. 


hi 

n 

|5 

zj  ao 

'A  ■"    , 

5"  -  - 

.,:f.;i. 

% 

s 

Nami-A  of  mixod-bloods. 

p 

Jlcference  to  testimony. 

Somai'lcs.    '[ 

a 

CJ 

o 

c*^*-^ 

'f, 

Xoue . . 

None.. 

'A 
\          80 

1 

Aiuablu  Hamlin 

Claim   Hiipported   by   two 

Troof  regular. 

ercdiblo  witnesses. 

2 

1?nu'i1ii>  T.nrtrip 

..do.... 

..do.... 

.(li,               

Do. 

3    Jcnni'ivn  J.iuiiit' 

..do 

..d.).... 

do 

Do.    ,  1  ,  , 

4  j  Miidelaiiii;  IViaiilt   

..do.... 

..do... 

do 

80 

Do. 

5  1  (ieiievii)  Viviei' 

..do  ... 

..do 

do 

fO 

Do.  '■'  ; ' 

C  1  Jdsctte  OianillKiis 

..do... 

..do... 

do 

80 

Do.     •   ' 

7|  Marie  (Iraiit 

..do... 

..do.... 

do 

i           SO 

Do.        :■ 

»    riirasinn  Vandal 

..do.... 

..do... 

do 

i           80 

J)o. 

!l    Ciitlierino  Situ 

..do.... 

..do.... 

do 

80 

Do. 

10    Mm ie  Cimieliaierine 

..do... 

..do.... 

do 

80 

Do. 

11    Anuclicciue  Villcueuvt' 

..do  ... 

..do.... 

do 

80 

Do. 

15 

^lai  ie  Wa  iipreo 

..do.... 

..do.... 

do 

80 

Do. 

13 

Genieve  Hool 

..do.... 

..do.... 

do 

1           80 

Do. 

W 

lK;ilM'lla  A/.nre 

..do.... 

..do.... 

do 

80 

Do. 

15 

Ocele  I,aiiene 

..do... 

..do... 

do 

1           80 

Do.     . 

111 

liesalie  Maittl 

Kli/.a  Martcl   

liridyet  ("ardinal 

..do... 
..do.... 
..do.... 

..do.... 
..do... 

do 

1           80 
80 

1          80 

Do. 

17 

.     .do  

Do. 

1^ 

..do.... 

do 

Do. 

19 

ilarsaiet  Kicbatt 

.  .do 

..do... 

do 

80 

Do. 

a 

CatliL'iine  I'otiat 

..do.... 

..do.... 

do 

80 

Do. 

21 

Naiiey  liansie.  

..do  ... 

..do... 

do...  

1          80 

Do.              ) 

a 

Henrietta  I,nfontaine 

..do... 

..do.... 

do 

80 

Do. 

•a 

Marjiaret  Itouninut 

..do... 

..do.... 

do 

80 

Do. 

n 

(Jai  olinu  Courtay 

..do.... 

..do... 

do 

80 

Do.       •; 

•a 

Isalielia  Deaso 

..do.... 

..do.... 

do 

80 

Do.         ■ 

% 

.tnlia  .Ilad.sncrt 

..do.... 

..do.... 

.lo 

80 

Do. 

27 

Josi'lti-  (?rant 

..do... 

...lo.... 

do 

80 

Do. 

ill 

Marie  Y^ene 

..do.... 

..do.... 

do 

80 

Do.      , 

ill  i  Julia  Lbtenibo 

..do.... 

..do.... 

do 

80 

Do. 

:tO  i  JIaryaret  Letiindic 

..do... 

..do.... 

do 

pO 

Do. 

31    .Tiwctle  ('lidrctti' 

..do.... 

..do.   .. 

do 

SO 

Do.      .  ■    . 

3i    Mniie  l)aii)>hinay 

-do.... 

..do... 

do 

80 

Do. 

33  j  Mai'io  Vallee  

..do.... 
..do 

..do... 

do 

80 
80 

Do. 

34  1  (,allii!riiie  Aluunct 

..do.... 

do... 

Do. 

3J  '  Veiiinica  Thomas 

..do.... 

..do... 

do 

80 

Do, 

.i()    Maiie  L'K(iuier 

..do.... 

..do.... 

do 

80 

Do. 

37  \  Anuelie  Vivice 

..do... 

..do.... 

do 

80 

Do. 

38 

Oiiai'lottu  Itoc'han 

..do.... 

..do.... 

do 

80 

Do. 

311 

Maruarot  Dncluivnie 

..do.... 

..do.... 

do 

80 

Do. 

411 

Sera|iliini  Caplet 

..do.... 

..do.... 

do 

.-0 

Do. 

41 

Aim.'lic  (Josliii 

..do... 

..do... 

do 

80 

Do. 

42    Kiiii'inelie  Vivicr 

..do.... 

..do... 

do 

80 

Do. 

43    Marie  I'lionuiH 

..do... 

..do... 

do 

80 

Do. 

14  .  Susan  l!ii»vt!it 

..do  ... 

..do... 

do 

80 

Do. 

4.1    Susclte  Saver 

..do... 

..do... 

do 

80 

Do. 

4ii    Susan  Sayer 

..do... 

..do... 

do 

HI 

Do. 

17    Siipliia  laironiit' 

..do.... 

..do... 

do 

80 

Do. 

I'!     ililen  l,a  Hose 

..do.... 

..do.... 

do 

SO 

Do. 

4:i    Maii;aret  Livinpston 

..do.... 

..do.... 

do 

80 

Do. 

'M    M:irt;aret  Man'band 

..do... 

..do.... 

do 

80 

Do. 

■"il     Belsev  Colin 

..do... 

..do.... 

do 

80 

Do. 

•VJ    An;;elie  ("olin 

..do... 

..do... 

do 

80 

Do. 

.i3    AnHie  Delori'il    

..do... 

..do.... 

d.i 

CO 

Do. 

M    Maryavet  Dcloinio 

..do.... 

..do.... 

do 

Ml 

Do. 

.Vi 

Madeline  Dii  t'liarnie 

..do.... 

..do.... 

do 

80 

Do. 

.'iti 

Isaliella  N'obn  

Nancy  Mareliatnl 

..do.... 
..do... 

..do  ... 

do          

CO 

HO 

Do. 

.'i7 

..do.... 

do 

Do. 

r.^ 

.Insetle  l/Kiinlcr 

..do... 

..do.... 

do 

HO 

Do. 

.w 

Niiliilla  Uaelion 

Kniilie  llocd  

Madelaiiie  Haiilistii 

..do.... 

..do.... 

do 

80 
80 
80 
80 

Do. 

m 

..do... 

..do.... 

..do.... 

..do... 

do 

Do. 

ei 

..do... 

do 

Do. 

K;  Miiiiiaret  Mmhoii 

..do.... 

do 

Do. 

W  ;  Maiianne  l,a  Iioi|ue 

.  do 

..do.... 

do 

HO 

Do. 

M    KiaitcdiH  Honjuv 

..do.... 
..do.... 

do... 
..do.... 

do 

80 
80 

Do. 

f5    Juwtie  Unshev' 

do 

Do, 

•  ;'■■.'■•. V?-  ■•'-«'•?  ■  % 

-  ■'-•_,•.■'■■  ■>  ■'..  ••.'•■■?■  .  I 


'.■.-;•>•:'*•  ..•■••i  ■■■-  il 

♦.  ■»'.-.«.'',V'^    "*■■"-/.     I 
•■  .  ■   V)      ■-■■'•  .i    }■:'•■   ■ 

.■:..v-'^>,v:v»';;.,..^. 
'v-V. v.. :.:>,.-':<:.•/■ 

,:^  "^''v*- ..■■■■:. ':^i,i^:i 

•:.,'.^' :■•.:;  .ir>>    J 


-■'    ...  .■  V  V^i"^* 


'.11 


.•.j^ri  »v«'  ■■-.■•.•  .•,  ■•.  ■  > 
.;■,;:. ';-\.;;-i\;; •/;.>■■.■ '.I 


M 


.-iY/  •.■■■  ■ 


54 


CHIPPEWA  HALF-BREEDS   OF   LAKE    SUPERIOR. 

List  of  persons  in  part  of  mixed  blood,  cjc. — Continued. 


ixed- 
ra. 

•a 

2-! 

-1 

<-•=* 

f  «    =• 

t^ 

Names  of  mixod-bloods. 

=  « 

=  ■3 

Eeforenco  to  testimony. 

^M 

Remarks. 

a 

■"■  '  '■". '  \ '  ■■  ■; 

2i 

o  ct'Z 

«•= 

r 

o'w'-^ 

'A 

fc5 

fl 

iz; 

(ifi 

Mnrio  L'Equier 

None.. 

(Jlaiins  supported  by  two 
ci'ediblo  wituossus. 

EO 

Proof  regular. 

(i7 

do  ... 

..do 

..do.... 
..do... 

do 

80 
80 
80 

Do. 

fif 

Marin  Mason 

..do 

do 

do 

tin 

Mni'garet  Mason 

..do... 

I)u 

10 

..<lo 

..do.... 

do 

80 

Do. 
Do. 
Do. 

71 

Marcaret  San  Clair    

Josef  te  Sail  Clair 

do  ... 

..do 

do 

80 

72 

..do.... 

..do.... 

do 

80 

7;i 

Snsiin  Bcauro;;ar(l 

..do.... 

.do.... 

do 

80 

Do. 

74 

Marirarot  Doniarais 

..do 

. .  do 

do 

80 

Di). 

75  1  Phrazino  Siuinet 

..do.... 

..do.... 

do 

80 

Do. 

7<i 

Margaret  IJa tor 

..do 

..do.... 

do 

80 

Do. 

-.7 

Josette  S|ienc(' 

..do.... 

..do  ... 

do 

80 

Do. 

7« 

Mary  Frederick 

..do.... 

..do 

do 

80 

Do. 

7't 

Susette  Perrault 

..do 

..do.... 

do 

80 
80 

Do 

M 

Mary  AtkioB 

..do.... 

do 

Do. 

81 

Marfjarct  Kiissell 

..do.... 

..do.... 

do 

80 

Do. 

8a 

Angelic  Saii.'rduro 

..do... 

..do.... 

do 

80 

Do. 

h:) 

Marnnret  Kipland 

..do 

..do... 

do 

80 

Do. 

H4 

Mario  Minie 

Josette  Cadot 

..do 

..do... 

..do.... 
..do... 

do         

80 
80 

Do 

85 

do 

Do. 

8(> 

Margaret  Dt-uiarais 

..do.... 

..do.... 

do 

80 

Do. 

fi7 

Margaret  Deraarais 

.  .(!<> 

..do.... 

do 

811 

Do. 

88 

Sarali  Torisli 

..do.... 

..do.... 

do 

80 

Do. 

«<) 

Arohanfie  Vil)bnin 

..do... 

..do.... 
..do.... 

do 

do 

80 
80 

Do. 

<J0 

Pliiloine  Caribeau 

..do... 

Do. 

"Jl 

M  ario  La  l-'ond 

...do... 

..do... 

do 

80 

Do. 

!ia 

Isabella  Beeoteau 

..do.... 

..do.... 

do 

80 

Do. 

■>:t 

Alargaret  FiniUey 

..do 

..do.... 

do 

80 

Do. 

»4 

Margaret  Flanieiit 

..do 

..do... 

do 

80 

Do. 

!).') 

Isabella  Conk 

..do.... 

..do... 

do 

80 

Do. 

'Ill 

Marie  Foster 

Margaret  Shell 

..do.... 
..do.... 

..do... 
..do... 

do 

80 
80 

Do. 

in 

do 

Do. 

!»H 

Josette  Cook 

..do.... 

..do.... 
..do.... 

do 

do 

80 
80 

Do. 

!I9 

Julia  Jourdain 

..do.... 

Do. 

1(10 

Mary  Sinclair  

..do.... 

..do.... 

do 

80 

1)0. 

Itll 

Cliarlotte  Qiiinlaud 

..do... 

..do.... 

do 

80 

Do. 

lO-J 

Margaret  Cook 

..do.... 

..do.... 

do 

80 

Do. 

KKI 

Mary  Davis 

Margaret  Ciimpbell 

Ellen  Fostei- 

..do.... 
..do... 
..do.... 

..do... 

..do... 

..do.... 

do  

80 
80 
80 

Do. 

1114 

do 

Do. 

10.) 

do 

Do. 

lOli 

Eliza  <.!arribeau 

..do.... 

..do  ... 

do 

80 

Do. 

KIT 

Lizzie  Ciillen 

..do.... 

..do.... 

do 

80 

Do. 

108 

Josette  Bninett 

..do... 

..do.... 

do 

80 

Do. 

10!) 

Genieve  McDonald 

..do.... 

..do.... 

.'... 

80 

Do. 

no 

Catherine  Louteur 

..do  ... 

..do... 

do 

80 

Do. 

HI 

Madeline  Cuverst 

..do  ... 

..do... 

do 

80 

Do. 

11'.' 

Hetsy  MeDoMgall 

..do.... 

..do  ... 

do 

80 

Do. 

ii.i 

Susan  S.  Me  Arthur 

..do.... 

..do.... 

do 

80 

Di). 

114 

Koselie  Joudrou 

..do... 

..do  ... 

do 

80 

Do. 

11.') 

Agasias  Akin 

..do... 

..do  ... 

do 

80 

Do. 

1lfi 

Shegiie  lii'U'ourt 

do 

..do... 
..do... 

do        

80 
80 

Do. 

117 

Shame  Atkins 

.do... 

do 

Do. 

118 

Margaret  Uois 

..d'..... 

..do.... 

do 

80 

Do. 

i:'.> 

Susan  Jlapnas 

..do.... 

..do... 

do 

80 

Do. 

l-,'0 

Catharine  Itriiuet 

..do.... 

..do... 

do 

80 

Do. 

iJi 

Marie  Daniel 

..do... 

..do... 

do 

80 

Do. 

Vi-i 

Annie  (Joe:an 

..do... 

..do... 

do 

80 

Do. 

r£i 

John  Chouipard 

..do... 

..do... 

ilo 

81) 

Do. 

124 

Tousant  (  honinard 

..do... 

..do  ... 

do 

80 

Do. 

125 

Julia  Oeninon 

..do... 

..do  .. 

do 

80 

Do. 

1211 

Louisa  Huenetle 

..do... 

..do.... 

do 

80 

Do. 

127 

Isabella  Uulev 

..do... 

..do... 

do 

80 

Do. 

12H 

Lusiana  Diigis 

Elise  Heriutid 

..do... 
..do.... 

..do 

..do.... 

do 

.'•0 
80 

Do. 

IJ!) 

do 

Do. 

i:iii 

Caroline  Houtreu 

..do... 

..do  ...| 

do 

80 

It... 

i;ii 

Jidla  Boutin 

Margaret  I'atnell 

..d.).... 
..do.... 

..do.... 
.do.... 

do 

80 
80 

Do. 

1:I2 

do 

Do. 

n.i 

Elarriot  Young 

..do.... 

..do.... 

do 

80 

Do. 

lai 

Josephiuu  Liitouielo 

..do.... 

..do..... 

i 

lio 

80 

PrcMif  ri'.taiuod 
for      t'uillii'r 
investi^iitmii. 

nr, 

Helen  De  Louais 

1 

..do   ... 

..do.... 

do 

80 

Proof  ri'^jiihir. 

CHIPPEWA  HALF-BREEDS   OF    LAKE    SUPERIOR. 


55 


I 

> 

Roniarks. 

e 

"Z 

♦- 

80 

Proof  regular. 

80 

1)0. 

80 

Do. 

80 

I)u. 

80 

1)0. 

80 

1)0. 

80 

Do. 

HO 

Do. 

80 

Do. 

80 

Do. 

80 

1)0. 

80 

l)t>. 

80 

Do. 

80 

Do. 

80 

1)0. 

80 

D(.. 

80 

Do. 

80 

Do. 

80 

Do. 

80 

Do. 

80 

Do. 

80 

Do. 

80 

Do. 

80 

Do. 

80 

Do. 

80 

Do. 

80 

Do. 

80 

Do. 

80 

Do. 

80 

Do. 

80 

Do. 

80 

Do. 

ft) 

Do. 

80 

Do. 

80 

Do. 

80 

Do. 

80 

Do. 

80 

Do. 

80 

Do. 

80 

Do. 

80 

Do. 

80 

Do. 

80 

Do. 

80 

Do. 

80 

Do. 

80 

Do. 

80 

Do. 

80 

Do. 

80 

Do. 

80 

Do. 

80 

Do. 

80 

Do. 

80 

Do. 

80 

Do. 

80 

Do. 

80 

Do. 

80 

Do. 

80 

Do. 

80 

Do. 

80 

Do. 

80 

Do. 

80 

Do. 

SO 

Do. 

80 

Do. 

80 

Do. 

80 

Do. 

80 

Do. 

80 

Do. 

80 

Piixil'  rt^tiiiiiiid 

for      fuiMirr 

invesli;;iitiim. 

80 

Proof  ri';;iiliir. 

■M_    \.'    )  ■.!,> 


Jteport  of  the  sjtedal  commiaaion  in  the  matter  of  Chippewa  scrip,  1871. 

Saint  Paul,  Minne.sota, 

-      '  -   -    '  September  4, 1871. 

Siu:  The  niidersisned, appointed  by  the  Hon.  E.  8,  Parker,  late  Conimissionor  of 
ludiiui  Att'airs,  by  the  direction  of  the  honorable  Secretary  of  the  Interior,  a  special 
tuimuission  to  investigate  the  matter  of  scrip  issued  under  the  treaty  of  the  IJnited 
[ftiites  with  the  Chippewas  of  Lake  Superior  and  the  Mi8si88i])pi,  nnido  at  La  Pointe, 
Wisconsin,  September  'M,  18.'>4,  and  also  to  ascertain  what  persons  are  still  beneticiarias 
under  the  seventh  clause  of  the  second  article  <)f  said  treaty,  as  also  who  are  beneficia- 
ries muler  article  eij^ht  of  the  treaty  made  with  the  Red  Lake  and  Pembina  bands  of 
Chippowas  at  the  old  crossing  of  Red  Lake  River  on  the  ijd  ilay  of  April,  18(53,  and 
article  seven  of  the  supplementary  treaty  of  the  12th  of  April,  1804,  most  resi»ectfully 
report  as  follows: 

That  soon  after  their  appointment  two  of  the  commissioners,  Henry  S.  Neal  and  R.  F. 
Crowell,  proceeded  to  Fort  Abercrombie,  on  the  Red  River,  and  from  theuce  dov/u  that 
river  to  Pembina;  from  Pembina  to  Saint  Joseph,  thirty  miles  up  the  Pembina  River: 
tiience  back,  and  to  White  Earth,  and  across  to  Leech  Luke,  where  they  were  joined  by 
E.  P.  Smith ;  thence  to  Crow  Winjj,  Saint  Cloud,  and  Saint  Paul.  After  remainin}^ 
some  (lays  in  Saint  Paul,  they  proceeded  to  Bayfield,  Wisconsin,  with  Major  S.  N.  Clark, 
specinl  commissioner  so  far  as  the  matters  under  investigation  atfect  persons  claiming 
to  belong  to  the  Chippewas  of  Lake  Superior. 

At  the  various  points  named,  as  also  at  intermediate  points,  they  made  all  the  inves- 
tifjations  in  their  power,  iu  Hccordance  with  their  instructions,  both  as  to  scrip  already 
issued  and  as  to  those  who  are  still  entitled  to  receive  the  same  as  beneficiaries  under 
the  treaties  named ;  and,  so  far  as  practicable,  they  saw  the  parties  in  person,  having 
early  learned  that  but  little  reli"'M'ity  could  be  pliiced  upon  the  written  applications 
which  were  filed  with  them,  wli  le  i  t.  almost  without  excei»tion,  these  persons,  though 
ijjuorant,  are  truthful,  and  wih  •  .<■  <  to  advance  their  own  interests,  make  false 
statements  in  regard  to  themse'  \ .  ^  .,!■  ir  families  when  fully  informed  in  such  a  way 
as  to  clearly  comprehend. 

The  attention  of  the  commission  was  called,  in  the  outset,  to  the  terms  of  the  treaty 
of  U54,  in  order  to  ascertain  its  intent  and  also  its  limitations.  The  article  of  the 
treaty  in  (luestion  reads  as  follows: 

"AuTiCLK  7.  Each  head  of  a  family  or  single  person  over  the  age  of  twenty-one  years 
at  the  present  time,  ot'  the  mixed-bloo<ls  belongiug  to  the  Chippewas  of  Lake  Su|)erior, 
shall  lie  entitled  to  eighty  acres  of  land,  to  be  selected  by  them  under  direction  of  the 
Fre.>tideiit,  and  which  shall  be  secured  to  them  by  patent  in  the  usual  form." 

Tiie  intent  of  this  is  evidently  in  the  interest  of  the  half-breeds,  relatives  of  the 
Indians. 

We  find  it  was  nia«le  part  of  the  treaty  at  the  instigation  of  some  of  the  most  iutel- 
lij,'ent  of  these  mixed-bloods,  who  hoped  that  all  of  their  class  might  be  thus  induced 
to  abandon  their  roving  lives  and  settle  ]ierm.anently  njton  their  own  farms,  and  so 
tome  directly  under  the  influence  of  Christianity  and  civilization.  Two  clauses  in 
tills  articl(?  reijuire  special  attention,  for  on  their  consiruction  depends  the  question  of 
tiie  It'irality  of  a  large  amount  of  scrip  already  issued,  and  an  amount  equally  large  for 
which  applications  are  now  pending. 

I'irst.  Who  belong  to  the  "  Chippewas  of  Lake  Superior?" 

Seroi'd.  Who  is  projierly  called  the  "head  of  a  family?" 

In  the  determination  of  these  (juestions  the  following  considerations  are  respectfully 
subuiitti'd: 

Does  the  term  "Chippewas  of  Lake  Superior"  include  all  those  whose  ancestors  may 
at  any  time  lia>'e  resided  near  that  lake,  or  may  Unvf  passed  over  that  country  in 
moving  wcstwanH  Or  were  the  Chiiqiewas  of  Lake  Superior  a  distinct  band  from 
other  Chippewas.  and  known  as  such,  and  so  recognized  by  the  Government  of  the 
United  States  at  the  date  of  the  treaty  f 

Your  commission  believe  they  were  thus  distitiet,  and  that  they  comprised  the 
hnnh  then  residing  at  or  near  Lake  Superior.  We  are  led  to  this  conclusion  by  several 
considerations: 

l'"ivst.  I  y  the  distinct  names  and  locations  already  given  at  that  time  to  the  differont 
hands  (if  Chipi»e\vas.  At  some  jieriod  (luite  remote  it  is  highly  probable  that  the  Chip- 
liewaXation  was  mainly  settled  along  the  siiores  of  I^ake  Superior,  and  on  the  banks 
lit  the  Mi.ssissippi  River.  From  this  region  they  have  been  wandering  for  generations, 
and  scattering,  until  now  tlioy  ar<!  divided  into  five  distinct  botlies,  or  tribes,  some  of 
them  separated  from  each  other  by  the  breadth  of  Wisconsin  and  Minnesota.  They 
are  now  known,  aiul  were  so  called  at  tiie  date  of  the  treaty,  respectively,  "Chippewas 
•if  Lake  .Superior,"  "Chipjiewas  «if  the  Mississippi,"  "  Chippewas  of  the  Pillager  baud," 
aud  "Chippewas  of  the  Red  Lake  and  Pembina  bands." 


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56 


CHIPPEAVA    HALF-BREEDS    OF   LAKE    SUPERIOR. 


'>*f:-^ 


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TVS  jl»^V 


Anotlipr  ^roniHl  for  tlie  construction  given  to  tlio  tnaly  hy  yonr  commissioners  is 
founil  in  tlie  Irciity  itstOt',  in  ■w)iicli  llie  diHtinction  btitwccn  Chippcwas  iif  l.ajjg 
8n\)erior  and  Cliii)p<'wiis  of  tlic  Mississiji])i  is  kept  \\\)  tlnonj^liont,  and  <'S|n(;ialiv  ji, 
the  fonrtli  clanso  of  artichi  cij^lit,  in  which  it  is  cxjncssly  declared  who  are  l'liiii|ie\va8 
of  Lake  Superior,  as  foUows:  "It  is  nnderstoo*!  tliat  tlie  InrtiaiiH  whoaro  parties  to  this 
treaty,  except  the  Chippewas  of  the  !Mississi])pi,  shall  hereafter  ho  known  as  Chin. 
pewaa  of  Lake  Superior,"  and  are  specitied  in  the  (hirttenth  article  of  said  treaty,  as 
follows:  "  La  Pointe  hand,  Ontonaj'on  hand,  L'Anse  hand,  Viex  Do  Sert  hand,  (iraiul 
Portage  hand,  Fond  dn  Lac  hand,  I^ac  Court  Oreille  hand,  Lac  du  Fhnnhean  hand 
Bois  Fort  hand."  This  declaration,  in  the  instrument  itself,  would  seem  to  be  snfli- 
cient,  and  would  have  heen  so  regarded  by  your  commission,  except  from  the  entirely 
dift'erent  constniction  which  has  been  given  to  it  by  interested  parties — a  coiistructioii 
which  seems  to  have  been,  at  least,  aeciuiesced  in  by  the  Indian  Bureau,  and,  as  a  eon- 
Bequence  of  which,  not  less  than  seven  hundred  persons,  whose  jiarents  and  ancestors 
for  generations  have  been  separated  by  hundreds  of  miles  from  the  Chii)])ewas()tLiike 
Superior,  without  having  any  tribal  relations  witli  the  Indians  there,  have  made  appli- 
cations,  many  of  them  successiully.  for  the  donation  of  eighty  acres  of  land,  on  tin.' 
ground  that  they  are  Cliippewas  of  Lake  Sujierior.  This  fact  le.l  your  eouiniission  to 
inquire  fuilhei.  They  find  that  other  treaties  have  also  recognized  the  division  of 
the  Chi]iiiewas  into  tivti  bodies  as  above.  The  distinction  between  the  CliipjiHwasof 
Lake  Superior  an<l  the  C'l)i}ipewas  of  the  Mississijjpi  Avas  recognized  by  the  (iovcrii- 
inei)t  as  early  as  It^HT,  when  a  treaty  was  made  with  the  Chippewas  of  tifie  Mississippi 
at  St.  I'eter,  in  which  the  Lak(!  Snjieiior  li;in<is  were  not  included  or  even  consnltcd. 
In  the  tifth  article  of  the  treaty  made  at  La  Pointe,  Wisconsin,  October  4,  lrt4'2,  the 
same  distinction  is  clearly  recognized  as  then  existing  between  the  Chii)pe\vus  of  tbo 
Mississiiqii  ard  the  Chippewas  of  Lake  Suiterior. 

A  treaty  w  as  made  February  ii'i,  1^^5.5,  with  the  Pillager  and  Mississijipi  Chippewas, 
which  provides  ftir  the  mixt  d-bloods  of  those  two  tribes;  while  that  of  October  "i,  lH(i;t, 
made  at  the  Old  Crossings  of  the  Red  Lake  River,  makes  piovision  foi'  th(!  niixt'd- 
hloods  of  the  Red  Lake  and  Pembina  bands,  so  that  by  these  three  ti'eaties  tlie  niixwl- 
hloods  of  eacli  of  the  Chippewa  bands  were  provided  for  in  the  clearly  defmeil  niiui- 
ner  set  forth  in  each  of  said  treaties;  and  it  is  respectfully  snbiLitted  that  it  eonld  not 
have  been  the  intention  of  the  treaty-making  ])owers  that  the  lieneliciaries  under ouc 
treaty  should  make  any  claim  to  the  inovisions  for  the  mixed-bloods  of  another  baud 
under  any  other  treaty  by  reason  of  remote  ancestral  blood. 

In  further  i)roof  that  it  was  the  intent  of  this  treaty  to  limit  the  number  of  its 
bencHciaries  to  those  who  were  residing  near  Lake  Superior,  or  who  were  born  there 
and  had  nanoved  elsewhere,  still  holding  some  connection  with  and  relation  to  that 
hand,  your  commission  call  attetition  to  the  list  of  mixed-bloods  belonging  to  tlie 
Chi|)iiewas  of  Lake  Superior,  nnide  by  their  agent  in  1855,  aiul  which  was  intended  to 
include  all  persons  entitled  to  land  under  this  provision  of  the  treaty. 

It  was  generally  known  among  the  mixed-bloods  that  such  list  was  to  bo  prepared, 
and  that,  on  its  completion,  those  found  entitled  would  l)e  authorized  to  select  land  as 
provided  for.  We  havo  abundiint  reason  for  believing  that  great  care  was  exercisin 
in  this  enrollment,  and  that,  with  f(!W  exceptions  ot  jtersons  living  at  a  distance,  or 
temjiorarily  absent,  this  list  contained  all  who  were  beru'liciaries  under  this  provision 
of  said  treaty.  And  we  are  confirmed  in  this  jndguu'ut  by  the  fact  that  if.  was  liehl  by 
all  ])aities  at  that  time  as  couiiilete  and  final,  and  so  continued  to  be  held  by  eonnmm 
consent  for  eight  years  thereafter. 

As  to  the  second  question,  who  is  the  "head  of  a  family  ?"  yonr  commission  believe 
tlnit  legal  usage  has  suCliciently  defined  this  term  ;  but  the  latitude  given  to  it  liyaii- 
plicantsand  their  attorneys,  and  which  has  had  the  hi(lor)seiiteiil  hji  connoit  tit  hust  of 
the  Indian  Hureau,  make  it  necessary  for  the  commission  to  declare  their  opinion  and 
its  grounds. 

The  treaty  provides  that  each  head  of  a  family,  or  single  person  over  twenty-one 
years  of  age  sit  the  present  time,  shall  bn  entitled  to  eighty  acres  of  land,  iV',c.  We 
h()ld  that  in  these  two  clauses,  namely,  "eiich  head  of  a  family,"  and  "single  persoa 
over  twenty-ono  years  of  age,"  only  thrt^e  classes  of  peraous  are  designated: 

First.  All  male  a<lults,  married  or  unmarried. 

Secoinl.  All  femah!  adults  in)t  nnirried. 

Third.  All  males  having  families,  and  feuniles  who,  unmarried  or  widows,  have  fam- 
ilies, and  are  not  adults. 

Hundieds  of  aitplicants  for  this  scrip,  through  their  attorneys,  have  held  that  where 
husband  and  wife  were  both  living,  th(\v  were  each  entitled  to  scrip  as  the  head  of  ii 
family.  Your  commission  h<dd  to  the  legal  and  comnnin  usages  of  rccognizinj;  the 
man  as  the  head  of  tin;  house.  That  this  construction  of  the  treaty  was  the  one  ac- 
ce)»ted  at  the  time  of  its  ratification  is  evident  from  the  fact  that  when  the  list  \yii8 
being  prepared  by  Agent  Gilliert,  no  one  claimed  the  double  right  for  man  and  wife, 
atid,  furthermore,  that  this  construction  was  not  called  in  question  for  eight,  yeaiy 
thereafter.    Another  fact  shows  how  this  clause  was  construed  in  lf^55.    There  won) 


idowH,  have  f'ani- 


CITIPPEWA   HALF-BREEDS   OF   LAKE   SUPERIOR. 


57 


found  at  T^ake  Snperor  ('ortiiiii  white  men  who  were  heads  of  mixed-ltlood  fiimilieH. 
liKirdcr  to  jiivtj  tlicse  faiiiilics  tlie  bwu^tit  of  the  tronty,  it  was  iipcijssarv  tliiit  tlto 
hiinl)iiinl  or  wife  slionid  be  enrolled,  and  it  was  considiinMl  as  doing  It^ss  violwnce  t,o  the 
treaty  to  enroll  the  white  hnsliand  and  father  as  a  mixed-blood  than  to  call  the  wife. 
tlu'lieiHl  of  the  family,  lljioii  this  eonatrnction  of  the  intention  and  limitations  of 
this  treaty  has  yonr  eommission  proceeded  in  the  work  of  determininff  who  is  now  a 
nriipcr  claimant  nnder  the  treatj',  and  also  what  issues  of  scrip  in  the  past  have 
ken  properly  made  ;  and  it  is  a  matter  of  such  gi'tive  f  nrpriso  to  us  when  wi^  lind  any 
(liber  coiistnietion  has  been  allowed,  that  we  are  (Kirsiiaded  that  these  ipiestions  which 
we  have  considered  as  above  eau  never  have  h"en  laid,  in  their  connections  and  proper 
beariiiS'*-  before  the  Department  of  the  Interior  for  consideration  and  decision. 

Kcfcrrlng  to  the  instructions  to  investij;ate  the  validity  of  scrip  already  issued  under 
this  treaty,  we  would  invite  attention  to  the  following  facts: 

The  aforesaid  list  of  the  mixed-bloods  of  the  Chipi)ewas  of  Lake  Superior,  pre])ared 
livAjient  Gilbert  in  IHrv"!,  contained  two  hundred  and  eighty-two  names,  and  scrip 
ffiis  issued  to  the  claimants  in  less  than  one  year  thereafter. 

iiy  authority  of  the  Department,  this  scri-  asgiven  directly  by  Agent  Gilbert  to  the 
pliiiininit,  without  the  formality  of  an  Hpi>li.:atiuu,  and  is  that  which  bears  the  date  of 
Miiy  W,  li^oti,  and  September  H  or  10,  IWoti. 

Ydiir  conniission  believe  that  these  ]iarties  were  entitled  under  the  treaty,  with  the 
pnhsiUle  exceiition  of  the  "white  men"  referred  to  above,  who  were  heads  of  families 
(if  mixed-bloods.  A  strictly  legal  constrm-tion  of  the  treaty  would  not  have  allowed 
the  enrollment  of  such  claim,  but  on  grounds  of  equity  it  addresses  itself  to  the  favor- 
able consideration  of  those  who  |)ass  judgment  thereon.  That  Agent  Gillutrt  himself 
dill  not  put  the  claims  of  those  white  nie.i  upon  e,(|nality  with  those  of  the  half-breeds,  is 
evident  iVom  the  fact  that  he  c(dlected  from  them,  or  allowed  to  becollecteil,  a  commis- 
sion of  ?■>!■")  each,  befon;  the  delivery  of  the  scri]».  Peisons  of  this  class  \^lio  refused  or 
were  niiiible  to  jMiy  this  commission,  diil  not  receive  their  scrip.  We  also  lind  that 
those  of  the  half-breeds  who  claimed  their  scrip  received  it  without  paving  any  com- 
mission, and  that  others  who  for  any  reason  failed  to  see  Gilbert  and  demand  tlu!  scrip 
which  li(*  held  in  hand  for  them,  did  not  receive  it,  it  not  being  considered  by  (iilbert 
as  a  jinrt  of  his  otti(nal  duty  to  acquaint  his  wards  with  the  i'act  that  he  held  proi)erty 
in  trn.st  for  them.  We  find  that  so  generally  was  this  by  Gilbert  consideied  as  final, 
and  a  fallillnient  of  the  treaty  stipulations  in  regard  to  land  for  the  Chippewas  of 
Lake  Superior,  that  for  eight  years  thereafter,  from  1856  to  1864,  no  further  claims 
were  nmde  under  this  treaty. 

In  1H()4  it  was  discovered  that  Chippewa  scrip  would  be  desirable  property.  For 
thongli  on  its  face  it  is  expressly  declared  available  for  the  original  appliiiant  only, 
and  its  transfer  forbidden,  it  became  nevertheless  an  article  of  trade,  and  was  kept  on 
sale  Ity  biokers  and  at  the  princi[>al  banks  of  Saint  Paul.  The  discovery  seems  to  have 
been  made  at  one  and  the  same  time  by  certain  parties  in  Saint  Paul,  and  by  Luther  E. 
Wehb,  Indian  agent  at  Lake  Superior,  that  the  provisions  of  this  were  much  more  ex- 
tended as  to  the  number  and  <|ualificatious  of  its  beneficiaries  than  as  yi^t  had  been 
supposed.  This  enlargenu;nt  of  the  ju-ovisions  of  the  treaty  was  based  upon  the  new 
construction  now  given  tf>  it.  The  classes  "belonging  to  the  Chip))ewas"  of  Lake  Su- 
perior, "and  each  head  of  a  family"  were  made  to  include  only  Chippewa  half- 
breeds  anywhere,  on  the  ground  that  all  Chipftewas  are  related  to  each  other,  there- 
fore can  he  said  to  "  belong  to  the  Chippewas  of  Lake  Superior."  "  Each  head  of  a 
family  ■' was  made  to  mean  both  husband  and  wife  of  the  same  family.  Why,  then, 
this  construction  was  authorized  by  the  Department  of  the  Interior,  your  commission 
Las  no  means  of  knowing,  but  it  seems  impossible  that  so  large  an  issue  of  new  scrip 
should  have  been  made  without  raising  such  inquiry  as  would  easily  have  led  to  the 
discovery  of  the  work  going  on. 

This  Work  of  obtaining  new  applicants  for  scrip,  which  now  assumed  and  h.as  since 
held  the  i)roportions  of  a  regular  business,  was  undertaken  almost  simnltaueonsly  at 
Lake  iSiipi'iior  and  in  Saint  Paul.  Agent  Webb  had  in  his  employ  two  mixed-bloods, 
James  Chapman,  <!lerk,  and  .Joseph  Gurnoe,  i!iter|)reter,  and  one  T.J.  L.  Tyler,  nominally 
einidoyed  as  farmer  on  tlu!  reservation,  a  reckless  and  dissi|)ated  man, and  a  convenient 
tool  of  fraud.  The  election  of  this  man  Tyler  as  justice  of  the  peace  for  the  township 
"f  llaylield,  Wisconsin,  was  seennHl,  and  he  was  thus  qualified  to  act  his  ]»art  in  this 
scrip  liusiiie.s.s.  Chapman  and  (turnoe  visited  the  different  bands  of  Chipjiewas  of  Lak'^ 
Superior,  and  also  the  Chipi)e,was  of  Michigan,  at  Sault  Ste.  Marie  and  Mackinac,  nnn 
fallin;f  upon  the  mixed-bloods  resident  or  sojourning  at  these  various  places,  obtained, 
lor  a  small  consideration,  their  consent  to  the  use  of  their  names  in  ai)plication8  for 
Scrip.  The  names  of  parties  whom  they  failed  to  see  were  taken  without  permission, 
and  the  names  of  some  full-blood  Indians  are  entered  upon  the  list.  Tht!  fact  that  a 
person  li;ul  been  dead  for  years  made  no  difference  ;  his  name  was  equally  valuable. 
In  proof  of  this,  we  instance  two  cases,  that  of  Bela  J.  Chapman  ami  M.  Morringer  ; 
ChapiiiiMi  was  an  enlisted  soldiei';  he  was  killed  at  the  battle  of  Gettysbnrgh.July  4, 
W').    His  application  purported  to  hjive  been  taken  in  the  ordinary  way,  1'!'64.    Chap- 


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58 


CHIPPEWA   HALF-BREEDS    OP   LAKE   SUPERIOR. 


man  unil  Gnrnoo  aru  idontitying  witiioflsnH,  and  cortiticH  tliat  tliis  day  Haid  Dda  J 
Clitipnian  apiiearcd  lielbiu  him,  and  subscribod  uuditr  uath  to  tUo  facts  net  furth  iu  tLu 
application. 

For  tlie  facts  ill  thu  case  of  M.  Moriiiiger,  we  respectfully  refer  you  to  the  followiuir 
allidavitH:  ,:  ,  ,  !  , 

"  Statk  ok  Wisconsin,  County  of  Douglas,  us.  ; 

"  D.  (leorjjc  M<n'riNoii,  being  lirnt  duly  Hworu,  depoHes  and  HayH  that  he  was  acciuaiiited 
with  Mii'liael  Moninger,  who,  in  the  year  1802,  lived  at  Fond  dn  Lac,  Saint  LiMiis 
Coi.  I  V,  Minnesota;  that  I  had  been  acipniinted  with  him  for  about  eight  yeurit prior 
to  tl  .  tinii^;  that,  in  the  spring  or  sunnner  of  I8(!*2,  said  Morringer  was  drowned  ju 
the  ^aint  Louis  Kiver.  iSaid  Michael  Morringer  was  u  mixed-blootl,  belonging  to  tlie 
CMiippewas  of  Lake  Superior,  and  was  forty-live  or  lil'ty  years  of  age  at  the  tiniH  ofliis 
death,  and  was  entitled  to  scrip  under  the  treaty  of  September  '.W,  1854,  with  tlitsC'iiip- 
pewas  of  Lake  Superior.  Deponent  further  states  that  he  is  a  mixed-blood,  beloiijjinn 
to  the  Chippewas  of  Lake  Superior,  ami  that  he  has  never  been  .icqmiinted  witb  ur 
heard  of  any  other  ))crson  of  the  name  of  Michael  Morringer,  and  believes  tlmttliu 
application  shown  him,  bearing  the  name  of  Michael  Morringer,  of  Fond  du  Lue,  and 
witiu>sHeil  by  ,Itis(4ih  Gurnoe  and  .John  W.  Bell,  and  executed  February  4,  1805,  btilore 
L.  E.  Webb,  Indian  agent,  relates  to  the  aforesaid  Michael  Morringer,  wlio  was  drowned 
iu  the  year  18(W. 

"  D.  GEORGE  MORRISON, 

"Sworn  to  and  subscribed  before  me  this  28tli  day  of  July,  1871,  at  Superior  City, 
Wisconsin. 

"  S.  N.  CLARK, 
United  States  Indian  Jgent." 
"  Statk.  oi-  Wisconsin,  Domjlas  County,  ss. : 

"  Vincent  Roy,  jr.,  a  mixed-blood,  belonging  to  the  Chippewas  of  Lake  Superior, 
Iteing  duly  sworn,  ileposes  and  says  that  he  was  aci|uainted  with  Michael  Morrinjjcr, 
referred  to  in  the  above  atlitlavit  of  D.  (jieorge  Morrison,  for  about  seventeen  years  prior 
to  this  year  18()2;  ami  further,  that  having  read  the  above  atlidavit  of  D.  (icDrf^e  Mor- 
rison, he  states  that  he  is  acquainted  with  the  facts  as  therein  set  forth,  and  knows 
them  to  be  true.  , 

"  VINCENT  ROY,  Jit. 

"  Sworn  to  and  subscribed  before  mo  this  the  2i5th  day  of  July,  A.  D.  1871,  at  Snperior 
City,  Wisconsin. 

"S.  N.  CLARK, 
"  United  States  Indian  Agent." 

"  I  hereby  certify  that  I  am  well  acquainted  with  above  aiUants,  D.  George  Morrison 
and  Vincent  Roy,  jr.,  and  that  their  statements  are  entitled  to  full  credit  and  buliet'. 

"S.  N.  CLARK, 
"  United  States  Indian  Agiut, 
"Dl-  LlTII,  MiNNKSOTA,  J«/i/  29, 1871." 

In  this  connection  we  would  also  most  respectfully  invite  attention  to  the  evidence 
of  .Tost* ph  (lurnoe,  given  before  this  commission  on  these  applications,  and  which  is 
embodied  in  Schedule  A,  herewith  forwarded.  In  tiiis  evidence  he  states  that  ho  pro- 
tested agiiinst  signing  thi!  applications  of  curtain  persons,  but  that  he  was  coiistrainwl 
to  do  so,  because  he  thought  himsidf  obliged  to  ol)ey  the  instructions  of  his  eniployor, 
and  that  all  which  he  did  sign  were  signed  under  instructions  from  Agent  W(!l)l).  Wo 
instance  one  case  only  in  this  report,  referring  to  said  schedule  for  abundant  others— 
that  of  iVter  Young,  whom  (iurnoe  swore  he  knew  to  be  a  full-blooded  Imlian.  This 
man  being  absent  from  Baytield  at  the  time  we  were  there  making  our  investif^atioiis, 
we  were  obliged  to  procure  other  evidtiuce  than  his  own  statements;  and  present  the 
aHidavit  of  .Fohn  Bulfalo,  an  lulncated  chief  of  the  Red  Clitf  baud  of  Lake  Snperior 
Chippewas,  ((ileil  herewith,  and  luimbered  Ifi,  Schedule  A,)  and  is  as  follows  : 

"John  Hiirtiilo,  being  (irst  duly  sworn,  says  that  Osh-kt^-mu^-na,  known  in  English  as 
Peter  Y'onng,  is  well  known  to  this  alHaut  as  a  full-blooded  Indian,  without  any  admix- 
ture t)f  white  blood;  that  when  General  Luther  E.  Webb  was  Indian  agent  at  Baylield 
he  called  Peter  into  his  olUce,  and  induced  him  to  sign  au  application  for  scrip  niuler 
tjie  La  Pointe  treaty  of  SiMitember  [W,  1854.  That  said  Peter  did  not  pretend  to  be  of 
white  or  black  athnixture,  but  of  pure  Chippewa  blood.  That  said  Wisbb  paid  hiiu  J'-Jo 
for  his  application;  that  said  Peter  has  not  received  any  scrip  or  any  further  consider- 
ation for  the  same.  This  atliant  was  presout  iu  Webb's  office  when  said  apitlicatiou 
waa  signed  and  said  money  was  paid. 

"JOHN  BUFFALO. 

"  Sworn  to  and  subscribed  before  me,  &c, 

"  S.  N.  CLAKK, 
"  United  States  Indian  Agent." 


IN  BUFFALO. 


CHIPPEWA   HALF-HREEDS    OP    LAKE   SUPERIOR. 


59 


It  nlso  nppears  that  Mr.  Webb  fiirniHhe<l  Chftpninn  and  Onrnoo  with  the  money  they 
es|)Kii<l**<l  in  tliis  matter,  and  that,  ho  far  aH  Gnrnoo  in  concerned,  all  the  reninner;ition 
lie  evtr  received  from  any  on«(  for  the  services  he  rendered,  wan  the  removal  V»y  Webb 
of  an  incumbrance  of  about  |('2.'>0  on  his  dwelling-houHe  and  lot  What  Chapman  ro- 
leivcd  we  are  not  fully  advised.  In  this  nuinner  a  larjje  list  of  names  was  secured,  out 
ot'\vlii('li  over  two  hundred  applications  were  prepared,  under  Webb's  directions,  upon 
liliinks  furnished  by  him.  These  were  signed  by  said  Cha]>man  and  Ouriioe,  as  identi- 
fviiifi  witnesses,  who  jmrport  to  swear  that  they  knew  the  applicants,  and  that  they  are 
iienelieiaries  under  the  provisions  of  this  treaty.  T.  J.  L.  Tyler  then  Kilned  the  jurat 
j»  justice  of  the  peace,  while  Aj;ent  Webb  certillod  to  the  cliaracter  of  the  witnesses, 
and  that  they  are  worthy  of  cre<lit  and  Itelief,  he  at  the  same  time  beiu;?  fully  cogni- 
zant of  the  manner  in  which  the  applications  had  been  prepared.  In  umuy  of  these 
npiilications  there  was  n<»t  a  pretense  of  complying  with  the  provisions  of  the  treaty, 
there  being  no  averment  concerning  the  status  of  the  applicant  whatever,  a  defect 
which  the  most  cursory  examination  by  the  otflcers  at  Washington  wouhl  not  have 
failed  to  discover. 

Powers  of  attorney  by  each  supposed  applicant  for  scrip,  and  anthori/.ing  the  receiv- 
iii|;ai"'l  disposing  of  tlie  same,  were  execiuted  in  blank  in  like  manner  by  Chapman 
and  C  irnoe.  (Juriioe  testifies  that  he  cannot  remember  that  any  oath  was  adminis- 
tired  Ity  Justice  Tyler  on  any  of  the  applications  certilied  by  that  person,  and  he  swears 
positively  that  no  oath  was  administered  to  him  by  Webb  on  the  applications  signed 
in  Washington. 

The  api»iication8  were  forwarded  or  taken  by  Webb  to  Washington,  who  also  retained 
posst'Nsiou  of  the  powers  of  attornej',  and  the  scrii)  was  promptly  issued  and  placed  in 
liis  hands.  In  February,  IHO.'),  Webb  and  (iurnoe  were  together  in  Washington.  Webb 
had  with  him  a  large  roll  of  applications  for  .scrip,  which  needed  other  sigmitiires  to 
make  tliein  complete.  Gurnoe  could  sign  these  applications,  and  also  witness  them  ; 
while  Wel)l»,  ex-offwio,  having  the  right  to  adnunistor  oaths  within  the  bounds  of  his 
8!;cncy,  could  niak(i  it  appear  that  they  had  been  verified  by  a  jtroper  use  of  the  locus 
inqm.  Hut  two  were  reciiiired,  and  Chapman  was  at  his  home  in  Wisconsin.  At  this 
jnnetiM'e  .John  W.  Hell,  a  highly  respected  ciitizon  of  La  Pointu,  was  in  Washington,  and 
It  was  thought  ho  might  be  induced  to  assist  in  this  scheuKi.  Accordingly  he  was  ap- 
proached by  Gurnoe,  and  asked  to  bee(Mne  a  sj^cond  idisntifying  witness,  and  he  was 
(irtiTt'd  1.M1  interest  in  tht!  8crip  issued  if  lie  would  consent  to  do  so ;  this  he  refused,  but 
upon  exainiiiation,  believing  himself  to  be  accjuainted  with  some  of  the  parties,  he  wit- 
iiesBud  for  tliein.  lie  furthermore  states  that  none  of  the  parties  were  in  Washington  at 
that  time,  and  he  does  not  know  of  the  making  of  said  applications,  or  the  issuance  of 
thu  scrip  thereon.  (See  his  ceititicate  herewith  forwanled,  No.  23,  A.)  The  upplica- 
tinim  thus  signed  by  him  number  191),  and  a|)peaT  in  Schedule  A. 

I'eter  Key,  an  inttdligent  half-breed,  from  Lake  Superior,  and  well  acfpiainted  in  that 
re»ioii,  was  approached  for  the  same  purpose.  Roy  consented  to  look  over  the  applica- 
tions, and  vouch  for  those  whom  he  might  know.  Webb  accordingly  brought  him  the 
mil;  after  an  examination  of  the  same,  he  informed  Mr.  Webb  that  none  of  the  parties 
were  entitled  to  scrip  under  that  treaty,  and  he  would  have  nothing  to  do  with  the  ap- 
plications.   Webl)  nicpiested  silence  upon  Roy's  part,  and  took  the  roll  jiway. 

Two  of  the  applications  purporting  to  have  been  executed  bear  Chapman's  name  as 
an  identifying  witness.  A  comparison  of  those  signatures  with  those  that  are  genuine 
slinwsaii  atteinpte<l  imitation  only.  He  himself  declares  Iks  did  not  sign  them.  Gurnoe 
snys  he  did  not.  Who,  then,  did?  It  is  not  necessary  for  us  to  express  any  opinion. 
The  applications  referred  to  are  those  of  William  Herbert  and  Catharine  Herbert. 

Aj;aiii,  we  invite  your  attention  to  live  i)ioces  of  scrip  issued  to  Andrew,  Francis,  John, 
Anjfustus,  and  Margaret  Chempiay ;  these  were  issued  l)y  the  Commissioner  of  Indian 
Attaiia  without  any  applications  being  tiled,  and  without  any  knowledge  upon  his  part 
oi  the  real  claims  of  the  ))arties,  and  only  upon  the  personal  a))plication  of  Ag»*nt  Webb. 
These  jtarties  are  all  full-blooded  Indians,  without  any  admixture  of  white  blood,  as  the 
aftidavit  lierewith  filed  of  Angiistus,  Francis,  and  John  Baptiste  Chenquay,  and  is  also 
ivell  known  to  all  the  people  of  Bayfield  and  vicinity.  Augustas  Chempiay  makes  oath 
as  follows: 

State  ok  Wisconsin,  County  of  Hai/field,  s». : 

"Aiignstns  Cheiuinay,  being  first  duly  sworn,  says  that  he  is  a  pnre-blood  Indian, 
wifhont  any  admixture  of  white  blood;  that  some  four  years  ago  .loseph  Gurnoe 
called  him  into  the  oHice  of  General  L.  E.  Webb,  Indian  agent,  and  taking  me  to  one 
8i(le,  and  wanted  ine  to  sign  paper  in  refenMice  to  half-breed  scrip,  saying  I  was  entitled 
til  if,  and  otfered  to  pay  me  liO  if  I  would  do  so.  I  refused  ;  went  home  and  asked 
Mr.  Moulferrand,  the  school-teacher,  if  it  would  bo  right.  He  told  me  it  would  not. 
After  that  1  told  Gurnoe  not  to  bother  me  any  more  about  it.  I  never  signed  any  paper 
ill  i'efeien(U!  to  this  scrip.  In  the  same  conversation  (iurnoe  told  nie  that  Francis  Clien- 
'|iii»y,  John  B'te  Chenciuay,  Adam  Chenquay,  and  Madeline  Chomiuay,  my  father, 


,' .  !.;■ 


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tlMiJl 

60 


CHIPPEWA    TTALF-BREEDS    OF    LAKE    SUPERIOR. 


1  ,',1.    :•"  I 


t'  ■ 


.£t.:7i.l. 


brothers,  ninl  siHtur,  wore  all  ontitlwl  to  this  siirip.    I  iKlvisod  tlnMii  all  to  hiivi'  iioIIiIim' 
to  <lo  with  (jiirtiou  coMvcriiin<;  it.     (In  s|ii'akiii)r  of  thtMii  (iiiriioo  ii.sod  tlicir  Indi,),, 

■s.)     Tht'io  are  no  otlii-r  jm'isoii.i  of  tii«i  iiaiiu*  of  C'lmmimiy  connected,  iclutt'd  ut 

ii;iinj;  to  tho  ChiitpuwuH  of  Lake  Superior  or  Mississippi. 


iiainc 
bolun 


"  AUGUSTUS  +  CHKNQl'AY. 
murk. 


"  Sworn  to  and  subscribed  before  nie  this  22d  day  of  July,  1871,  at  Biiyritsld,  Wig. 
cousin. 

"S.  N.  CLAKK. 
"  United  Statcn  Indian  .Ujcnt." 

Accompanying  this  is  the  atlidavit  of  Vincent  Uoy,  Jr.;  and  Henry  Hlatchfonl,  two  of 
the  most  intelli<;ent  and  conseientiouH  of  the  half-breeds  of  Lake  Superior,  us  to  tliu 
character,  hloo.l,  iSlc,  of  said  Au<;ustus  Chenquay. 

Mr.  Wel.li  .seems  to  liavw  forf^otten  the  Christian  names  of  two  of  these  particN,  anil 
Hulistilutcd  Andrew  for  Adam,  and  Margaret  for  Madeline.  In  nuiiiner  thus  set  fmili 
as  aliove,  Webh  secured  oiui  hundred  and  ninety-nino  pieces  of  scrip,  whicli  were  (lis. 
luised  of  by  him  to  other  parties,  fr<nu  whom  tie  rt'ccived  iisi.iiO  \n'.r  acre,  aii<l  oiie-lialf 
of  whatever  nii<(ht  int  reali/.ed  from  tiie  same  over  and  above  that  sum.  On  i;;u'li 
))i(ce  he  realized,  in  any  event,  not  less  than  $'^00,  while  all  expenses  in  procuring  it 
did  not  proVably  average  .$'^5. 

About  the  time  of  this  nmewal  of  this  business  at  LakcSuptM'ior,  a  similar  niovcint'ut 
bcfj;iin  at  Saint  Paul,  Minnesota.  The  new  (lonstructiou  of  the  treaty  wasairuin  put  Id 
its  utmost  stretch.  Applications  of  any  mixed-bloods  of  the  Chippuwas  witlioiit  rvl- 
en^Kio  t(»  their  banils  or  residence.  Husband  ami  wife  each  beinji  c  nisidercd  the  head 
of  a  family,  some  piirsons  whom  we  were  advi.sed  had  receivetl  Sioux  scrip,  and  in  t\v  i 
instiinces,  white  married  woukmi,  Mrs,  Julia  Comick,  and  Mrs.  Lillt^t  Clioiirnand,  of 
Little  Falls,  wife  of  Peter  Chouriiiiiid,  who  idso  applied  for  scrip,  were  all  induced  to 
make  iipi)li(;ation.  In  tliis, way  about  seven  hundriid  ami  lifty-six  applications  were 
taken,  as  will  appear  from  an  uxamiuiitinn  of  Schednles  C  and  D,  accompanying!  tliiii 

rejtort.     There  will  be  found  in  this  schedule  four  instances,  Nos.  ,  in  which  dupli- 

ciite  iipplications  were  tiled  for  each  individual  and  the  .scrip  issiietl  thereon.  TIiIh 
fraud  Wiis  succes-slnlly  accomplished  in  two  instiinces  by  tho  insertion  of  the  initial  lut- 
ter  F  for  a  middle  nanu*.  Three  of  these  parties,  the  fourth  bcinjj  dead,  thcnisclvKH 
certify  that  they  Inive  no  knowleilj^e  of  this  '"  repetitiiij;"  and  never  received  any  ^aiu 
or  protit  therefrom.  We  have  Ih'm\  able  to  trace  but  one  of  these!  pi<!ces  of  scrip,  and 
that  was  in  the  hands  of  W.  P.  Dole,  late  Commissioner  of  Indian  Affairs. 

Most  of  these  ap|dications  were  by  mixed-hloods  of  the  Cliiiipewas  of  the  MissisHippi 
and  Pillager  bands,  and  by  such  members  of  the  i'enibinaand  Red  Lake  bands  as  wuiu 
residinir  in  the  vicinity  of  Saint  Paul.  We  have  the  evidence  of  tlitise  pcrsDns,  who 
sijLcned  certain  ap])lications  as  witnesses,  thiit  th)\v  have  no  knowled<re  of  or  ai'i|ii!iint- 
ance  with  J.  B.  liassett,  late  United  States  Indian  agent,  ami  yet  the  application!) 
Lave  the  certilicate  of  late  Agent  Bassett  that  he  is  persoindly  ac((uaint(^d  with  tlm 
parties,  and  that  their  statements  are  entitled  to  fidl  credit  and  belief.  One  of  tl:o 
attorneys  who  did  the  juiticipal  ]»art  of  this  business  in  Saint  Paul  iind  vicinity  was 
Isaac  Villi  Etten,  of  Saint  I'aiil.  With  a  large  number  of  the  iipplicants  he  made  an 
agreement  to  procure  their  scrip  and  charge  them  .iji'il)  for  his  services,  or  retain  it,  pay- 
ing them  .S40  for  the  same,  thus  promising  to  jiay  tln!m  the  sum  of  .')()  cents  jici'  aciv, 
while  at  the  saino  time  he  knew  the  scrip  was  then  selling  in  Saint  Paul  at  not  lisit 
than  !5i."J  per  acre. 

For  the  tiniounts  actually  realized  by  the  mixed-bloods  for  their  scrip,  we  refer  you 
to  the  stiitments  of  sums  paid,  ai)pended  to  Schedule  1)  and  to  the  iillithivits  accoin- 
panying  that  scdiedule,  Xos.  1  to  4i>,  inclusive,  from  which  we  copy  iis  follows: 

Miitilda  Thompson  (Xo.  4())  swears  that  '•  I  wa>s  a  married  wouiiui  Sci»tcinbcr  .10, 
ll:i.")4;  that  I  inadeiip|)lication  for  scrip  under  the  treaty  of  September '.lO,  ItT)!,  made  at 
La  Pointe,  Wisconsin,  through  Isaac  Van  Etten;  that  I  never  saw  the  scriji,  but  wim 
told  by  Van  Etten  that  the  scrip  was  worthless;  that  it  could  only  be  lai<l  on  sonic  land 
around  Lake  Superior,  on  which  I  would  have  to  pay  taxes,  and  thcndiy  induced  mu 
to  sell  it  to  him  for  $-2()." 

Peter  Brnnell  (No.  4)  swears  that  "  I  applied  for  scrip  under  the  treaty  of  Scptcinkr 
30,  l>-',')4,  through  Isaac  Xuu  Etten.  When  I  went  to  him  to  iijudy,  ho  said  it  woiililbi! 
for  forty  iicres.  I  was  on  a  furlough  from  the  Army — I  wiis  a  soldier  in  the  i  jiioii 
Army.  He  then  iiskcd  me  if  I  wanted  to  sell ;  I  siiid,  yes ;  what  is  it  wortli  t  He  wii'l 
be  would  risk  $2Q,  but  did  not  know  whether  be  <!ould  get  the  scrij).  He  paid  inc  .?h'i 
and  I  gave  I'eter  Smith  an  order  for  the  other  sidO,  to  be  piiid  when  the  scrip  eaiuf. 
This  order  wjis  paid,  and  is  all  I  ever  received." 

Elizabeth  Monehiiud  (Xo.  :?5i)  swears:  "I  applied  through  Isaac  Van  Kttcii,  alu'Ht 
seven  years  ago,  and  have  never  received  either  land,  scrip,  or  luoiiey,  nor  do  1  know 


it  Uiiyl'iDld,  Wis- 


CTIirrEWA   IIALF-UREEDS   OF   LAKE    SUPERIOR. 


61 


that  any  Hrrip  was  ever  isstied.    Viui  Ettcii  told  nie  to  sign  tlie  papor,  but  did  not  ex- 
,,l;iiii  it  to  nic." 

Itw.li  ill' oliHi'i'vod,  npon  cxaniiniition  of  tlic  Htatonioiits  ap])ond«d  to  Scht'dnlo  D, 
tliiii  siiiim  of  Mn'Mn  [HTMoiiH  wi'it)  )>iii<l  l»y  liiin  us  larKi"  a  sum  as  iJlOO.  Tlicy  wt'ie  of 
tliiiiiKiir  infellJKiMit  (;lu.sH,  and  l<iit;w  hi-tti^i'  liow  to  prof.<*(;t  tlioir  i'i<r|its  and  intt'i'rsts. 
III!' scrip  isNund  upon  ono  «)f  tiic  applications,  tliat  of  Marj^an-t  La  Fond,  of  Saint  Paul, 
:iii(llil<'il  l>y  Van  ICltcn,  was  sold  Ity  William  1*.  ])olo,  late  Connni^siont-rot  Indian  Affairs, 
Id  J.  I'.  Wilson,  of  Saint  (Mond,  Alinncsnta.  In  tlio  spiiuK  of  lH(ir»,  ciMtain  pailii^s,  lesi- 
iliiits  of  Saint  Paul  and  vicinity,  dctcrmintsd  to  visit  tlio  Kt'd  Rivtsr  country,  larjjcly 
iiiliiiliitcd  l»y  niix«.>d-ldoods  of  tlio  Pombina  bands  of  Cliippcwas,  and  take  their  appli- 
I'.tioMs  for  scrip,  under  tiiis  treaty.  As  yet,  no  operator  had  Umux  bold  enough  to  claim 
tliiittliis  band,  separated  from  Lake  Superior  Chippewas  by  the  entire  breadth  of  tho 
^tiiti>ot  Miinn'sota,  never,  within  the  nu'inory  of  nnin,  having;  bad  any  tribal  rtdatious 
whatever  with  tlicni,  could  be  embraced  witliin  tbo  provisions  for  the  mixed-bloods  of 
Liki'  Superior. 

Accordingly,  a  notary  public,  IT.  S.  Donaldson,  and  an  iiiteri)reler,  went  to  that  hith- 
crtii  luicultivatcd  (ield,  and  nuide  dilig<Mit  search  for  the  half-breeds  of  oithtn*  sex, 
nitlioiit  rcjjard  to  nuirital  relations,  and  often  with  a  disre<;ard  to  ages.  After  ex- 
liaustini;  Minnesota,  Itonaldson  went  down  the  Ke<I  River  to  Fort  Oerry,  Winnapeg, 
anil  iitlicr  jdaees  in  the  Itritish  possessions,  taking  applications  without  scrn))l<\  and 
adiiiiiiistering  the  oaths  liiuis(df,  although  only  a  imtary  imblic  for  the  State  of  Minne- 
!!(itii,  To  jirevent  the  dis(!overy  of  this  fraud,  he  (illeil  the  blanks,  nniking  the  county 
niri'iiiliina.  State  of  Minnesota,  the  lociin  hi  uno.  He  procured  about  four  hundred 
anil  til'teen  applications,  which  were  turned  over  to  N.  W.  Kitt.son,  his  employer,  in 
fi'aiiit  Paid. 

Tlicsc  ai)plications,  in  wludc!  or  in  i)art,  Mr.  Kittson  sent  to  Washington,  and  on  thetu 
rdniinissiont^r  Dohi  issued  one  hundnul  and  live  pieces  of  scri)).  At  the  time  said 
iilipliciitioiis  were  taken,  an  agreenu'Ut  Avas  made  with  the  a)>plicants  by  which  tliey 
were  to  jiay  ijfitt  for  procuring  their  scrip,  or  were  to  jtcrmit  Air.  Kittson  to  retain  llie 
<aiiio  by  iiaying  ij.^tt  therefor.  If  this  arrangement  had  V>een  faithfully  observed  by 
Mr.  Kittson,  ami  those  who  became  interested  with  him  in  said  applications,  it  would 
have  been  the  most  favorable  of  any  nnide  for  the  balf-ln-ticds,  and  at  the  same  time 
would  liav(»  b(!en  liigbly  advantageous  to  Mr.  Kittson  and  his  associat<;s;  for  there 
liaviiig  been  taken  over  four  hundred  ai>i)lications,  the  commission  on  tin;  whole  would 
liavc  iimounted  to  liii'J(l,(tO(t,  while  the  legitimate  expenses  could  not  have  exceeded 
s'),0()0.  Hut  we  regret  to  say  that  he  has  not  fullillcd  this  agreement,  and  that  we 
failed  to  (ind  more  than  two  of  tln^se  ndxed-bloods  who  have  received  $1  upon  said 
ajji'ci'iiient,  altliongh  we  hav<!  reason  to  believe  that  there  are  some  others  w'jo  have 
Well  ]iaid  in  whole  or  in  ])art  what  he  promised  them. 

In  this  connection  we  refer  you  to  affidavits  of  Schednlo  U.  Of  these  applicants, 
not  (iiic,  ill  our  estimation,  had  any  right  to  make  any  claim  under  this  treaty,  they 
never  Iiiiviiig  had  any  trilial  relations  with  the  Chippewas  of  Lake  Superior. 

Ail  the  parties  engaged  in  this  business  at  the  time  the  ajiplii:!!  ions  were  taken 
alsiiciuised  the  api»licant  to  execute  two  imwiu's  of  attormiy  in  bhiid-,  ime  antboriziug 
till.'  icci'iv  iiig  of  the  scrip  from  the  Indian  liurean,  and  the  other  the  selling,  locating, 
nvotlierwisi!  disjiosiiig  of  the  same,  .and  the  conveying  <tf  the  lauds  located.  We  are 
well  sntislied  that  the  mixed-bloods  signing  said  powers  of  attorney,  wliiidi  was  geu- 
rrally  (lone  by  tonidiing  the  pen  once,  evtm  if  there  were  a  dozen  pajiers  to  sign,  as  a 
;,'in(iul  thing  iiiiver  bad  the  slightest  conciiption  of  the  nature  andconseciiiences  of  the 
ai't;  and  that  no  explanation  was  made  to  them  which  for  a  moiiieut  would  lead  them 
t"  suppose  they  wen^  doing  anything  that  would  prevent  them  from  obtaining  tho  pos- 
srssidii  of  their  scrip.  These  powiu's  of  attorney  wei'e  executed  in  blank,  and  could 
niif,  tlierefore,  by  any  process  of  legal  reasoning,  be  held  to  be  of  any  binding  force  and 
validity;  on  the  contrary,  such  instruments  have  always  been  held  to  be  without 
validity,  and  void. 

Ill  view  of  the  foregoing,  tlio  question  will  initurally  occur,  how  did  these  various 
parties  succeed  in  inducing  the.  (Commissioner  of  Indian  Affairs  to  issue  scrip  in  such 
i|niiiititi('s  upon  pajiers  which,  if  not  on  their  fact!  fraudulent  or  defective,  would  have 
lici'ii  so  found  upon  a  slight  iiuiuiryf  We  regret  to  say  that  we  have  discovered  clear 
proofs  of  till!  compliiMty  of  William  P.  Dole,  then  Commissioner,  in  this  matter. 

A  considerable  portion  of  the  scrip  was  givtm  to  him  as  a  consideration  for  issuing  it, 
and  wiiere  an  attorney  or  ageiit  declined  to  share  it  with  him,  he  refused  to  issue  scri^) 
niiontlic  applications'filed. 

Tliis  can  lie  substantiated,  if  need  be,  by  the  oaths  of  Isaac  Van  Etten,  N.  W.  Kitt- 
sim,  Pninkliu  Steele,  and  others. 

hi  proof  thereof  we  have  set  forth  the  pleadings  of  a  suit  instituted  by  Dole  iu  the 
ilistriet  court  of  Jlani-sey  County,  Minnesota,  against  one  J.  P.  Wilson,  to  wit: 


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62 


CHIPPEWA    IIALP-BKEEU8   OF    LAKE    SUPERIOR. 


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•»  •  it     DiHtrict  court,  Nci'ond  Jii<li(;iul  ilmti'ict.  '         , ;?  i 

"  Statk  or  MiNNKsoTA,  Coiinlji  of  ltanm\i: 

"VVllXiAM  p.  Iloi.i;,  jduintiir,      )  ■    <  ,.  ,.< 

iiiliiiimt  ■  (/'(iini)Iiiiiit.  ,  i- 

JOSKI'II    1*.    >Vll.S<>N,    «lorcil<ltlllt.      S 

"Tli«i  |i1niii)i(r  in  tlio  iibov«-(intitlf(l  action,  rewpcctfully  conipliiinin);,  mIkiwh  and 
allo^cH  Mint  iii^irtotorc,  to  wit,  on  or  uliont  the  Hth  tltiy  of  April,  A.  I).  IfUVt,  tlitMlcri'iiilunt 
cutcrcd  into,  niiiilo,  and  cxriMitfd  inntinilly  with  him  ti  ((trtain  a;;i'rcni<)nt  and  ( untriici 
in  tho  wohIh  and  ll^nn'N  t'ollowinf;,  to  wit: 

"TliiK  iinn'i'nicnt,  nia(l<<  and  conclnih-d  this  8th  day  of  A]>ril,  A.  !>.  1H(>7,  by  ntirH  lie 
twccn  William  P.  Dolt*,  of  tho  lii«t  part,  and  J.  P.  WiLson,  of  tlio  Moiiond  p.ut,  wit- 
lU'Nwtth  that  the  isaitl  party  of  th<;  lir^t  |iart  doivs  hrrcliy  sell,  and  at  thoexcciilioii  «f 
thcMO  pr('si'iit8<lo(!s  deliver  to  tho  party  of  tluiMccoinl,  twcnty-oiwht  pi('i!t;«  ofCliiinMiviii 
land-is<:ri|),  of  eighty  acres  each,  liein^  two  thonHand  two  Iniinlred  and  forty  acn^i^,  at 
tlu"  rate  tif  |IJ  jier  aero,  in  conHidoration  of  which  sale*  and  delivery  the  Maid  party  of 
the  Hecond  part  does  hereby  aureo  to  |iay  for  said  scrip  the  Huni  (d'  !ji(»,7'2(»,  on  iir  bo'fniu 
the  Hth  day  of  October,  A.  D.  iStiH;  and  the  naid  par1>  of  the  Nccond  part  does  liercliy 
fnrther  a;!rce  that  the  said  «Mni  of  money,  to  wit,  .iiili,/-^!),  sliall  be  paid  previoi.s  to  tins 
Hth  day  of  Octobci-,  IHtiH.  out  of  any  moneys  tinit.  may  be  eollected  from  the  Uiiitiiil 
.States  by  Oharlcs  King,  tiie  attorney  of  the  said  party  of  i.ie  second  part,  wiio.  as  miuIi 
attorney,  is  now  anthori/.ed  to  collect  from  the  United  Statch  the  Hnm  of  ijjilO.IKid,  In'injr 
the  amontit  id"  money  agreed  to  be  |iaid  to  one  A.  .J.  <.,'ami>liell  by  the  I'nited  .Sliilcs 
tinder  artich^  il,  treaty  of  .Inne  P.),  lH<"iH,  '  Mendawakanton  and  Wall:  akoota'  liiiixlsut' 
Sioiix  Indians,  accepti'd  and  ralitied  by  the  President  of  the  United  States,  Maicli  :)l, 
1K^>1),  and  which  claim  was,  on  the  *^()(h  of  August,  lHl!(i,  assi;t;n(^d  and  sold  to  the  |iai'ty 
of  the  second  |iart  by  said  A.  •).  (Jain|ibell,  and  t  lie  said  t'harles  Kin^  is  hereby  autiimixcd 
and  directed  to  pay  to  the  said  jtarty  of  the  lirst  part  ihi'  full  sum  of  titM'JO,  so  soon  -m 
lie  shall  collect  the  same  fitjin  the  United  States  as  hereinbefon^  provided,  and  witliimt 
further  or  other  instructions  or  aiithoiity,  which  payment,  when  made,  shall  lie  in  lull 
of  all  oblii>'ation  on  the  part  'if  thi^  party  of  th<i  second  part,  and  fon^vi'.r  dis('liar;;e  tin; 
same.  It  is  fnither  understood  anil  agreed  that,  should  the  said  Charles  Kiii>;'  I'iiil  t(i 
collect  the  sum  of  ijjilC, (1(10,  as  is  therein  |irovidcd,  then,  an<l  in  that  case,  the  piuty  iil' 
tin'  second  shall  wt  II  and  truly  pay,  or  cause  to  bt!  paid  to  the  said  party  of  tho  lirst 
part,  the  full  sum  of  .ir(i,7'.'0,  as  heri^inbefore  provided. 

"  In  witness  whereof  wo  have  lierennto  set  onr  hands  and  seals,  April  H,  iHi;*. 

".I.    P.    WIUSON.      [SKAT,.] 

"W.  p.  DOLE.       L^KVL.] 


"Cai!I?ik  Kino 


"And  fliat  the  said  a>j;reenieiit  is  duly  stamped  .">,")  cents,  and  the  stamps  duly  cai 

cclcd.    And  the  plaintiff  allej^t's  that  no  part  of,  or  portion  of,  ijjiti.T'Jd  was  ]iaiil  |iievioi 

to  the  Hth  day  of  ()ctober,  A.  D.  iHdH,  nor  at  any  time  since  that  date,  out  of  ai 

moneys  collected  from  the  United  States  by  Charles  Kiu<;,  or  any  other  moneys,  uii 

that  said  Charles  Kin;;  has  failed  to  collect  the  said  sum  of  ?ii|(t,(IO()  speciilied  in  wii 
».. ,t   I   ...,., .....1   t\ f  ..>■  ...i.:..i.    i\,..  .i..i'.....i....«^    1......   „;.,....    f,.  .i-;!^  ,.,,  tl 


"And  fliat  the  said  a>j;reenieiit  is  duly  stamped  .">,")  cents,  and  the  stamps  duly  can- 

.1...1         4... I   *i i..:..*:*i- ..11 *i...*.  4-  ..*■  ♦: **  .ii-i;  r.io  M  vloilS 

any 
and 

111(11'      i-^lliviviiflilii-i      JVlli^       im.T       llllivtl      !■'«.. «>ll1~t.<Llllirttii«l      li^ilillVK      iij'i\'j''»j'./n|r*-»>nn-'i      tti     HillU 

at^recnient  and  every  part  thereof,  of  whii^h  the  <leftMitlant  Ion;;  since,  to  wit,  on  tlie 
Hth  day  of  Oitober,  A.  1).  IHliH,  and  on  other  days  iind  times  between  that  day  and  tlio 
day  of  the  date  hci'eof,  had  dne  nutice.  Th<^  ptaintitf  fnrther  alle^jes  that,  inidiT  ami 
by  virtne  of  said  a^'recinent  and  contiact,  hiMlid  then  and  there,  to  wit,  on  tlic-'tli 
day  of  April,  A.  I).  lH(i7,  sell  and  deliver  to  said  detcndant  twenty-ei-fht  pircis  nl' 
Chippewa  Inilf-breed  land-scrip,  rcpresi^ntiiiK,  in  the  aggregate,  two  thoasaiid  two 
hnndred  and  forty  acres  of  land,  whiidi  was  worth  and  id'  the  value  »d'  !$:{  ]ier  acre,  iu 
consideration  whereof  the  defendant  did  then  ami  there  promise  to  pay  him,  on  or 
before  the  Hth  day  of  October,  A.  I».  IH()H,  !tii(i,7-j();  and  that  tho  defendant  has  not  paid 
the  same,  nor  any  jiart  thei-cof,  though  oftt^i  reiincsted  .>jo  to  do.  Wlierelore  the 
plaintitf  demands  .judgment  against  the  defendant  for  the  snm  of  iiii(>,72(l  and  iiiter.st 
thereon,  from  the  Hth  day  of  ()ctober,  A.  1).  IHtiH,  at  the  rate  of  7  per  cunt,  per  annum, 
besides  the  costs  and  disbnrsemeuts  of  this  action. 

"UAMPKEYS, 
'MOHN  H.  SANIiOh'N, 
"riuinllff's  Attoriuijs,  Saint  I'aiil,  Minnmta. 
"Mauch  U,  1870." 

"Statk  ov  Mixni'..sota,  County  of  liammi,  «s. : 

".lolin  B,  Sanborn  came  before  me,  personally,  .and,  being  duly  sworn,  doth  say  that 
he  is  said  plaintiffs  attorney  in  the  above-entitled  action  :  that  the  foregoing  iileadinj; 
is  tnie,  to  the  best  of  his  knowledge,  information,  ami  belief;  and  that  the  reason  why 
this  affiilavit  of  verilicatiou  is  uot  made  by  said  plaiutiti'  is,  that  ho  is  absent  froiu  tho 


nilPPEWA    HALF-BREEDS   OF   LAKE    SUPERIOR. 


63 


romity  of  RiiiiiHoy,  MiiiiiuHutu,  whuru  ichUIuh  tliis  atlliuit,  liis  attorney;  ami  fiirtliur 
saitli  not. 

"JOHN  B.  8ANH0HN. 

I'SiiliHrribod  and  hwoiii  to  before  me  on  tluH  14th  day  of  March,  A.  I).  1H70. 
[sK.M.l  ,  "N.  H.  HKIIJ,. 

'*  NoUuy  I'ttblU;  Minin»otti." 

"8tato  of  Minn(>sotn,  diHtrict  court,  Hccond  jiidivial  dmtrict  of  Uaniaey  County. 
"WlI-IIAM  P.  IJoi.K 


:\ .:.,., 


JOHKl'll   p.   WlI-HON.  )       ,,,,  '  i:     /  . 

"Ami  now  c(«n('H  tlie  said  dffpndant,  and  answrrlnj;  the  plaintiflTN  complaint,  says  : 
Tlint  tlic  Haid  plaiiititl' did  not,  at  the  tinio  Ntatcd  in  the  (toniplaint,  nor  at  the  time  or 
lirlori'  tlie  making  and  delivery  of  the  ajirci^nient  in  8aid  eomjilaint  Net  forth,  deliver  to 
the  defendant  Haid  twenty-ei^ht  pieces  of  Cliippt^va  hiiil'-breed  Hcrip  dencrilied  in  wiid 
a;rr('inient  and  in  Huid  complaint ;  and  th*<  Haid  ])laintitV  Iuih  not  y(!t  delivered  thoHamo 
fdtlKMlet'eiidant,  nor  any  Hcrij),  except  twenty-f'onr  certitlcatcH  liereimifter  described, 
aiid  wliieli  were  delivered  on  and  bel'ore  tlii;  7lh  day  (d'.June,  l^()7  ;  and  the  (lelendant 
siiys  that  the  said  Ho-calliMl  scrip  was  not  worth  or  of  the  value  of  $15  per  acre,  an  noted 
ill  the  roniplaiiit,  or  of  any  value  whatever. 

"And  the  detendant  further  says  that,  on  and  before  and  for  a  lonj;  time  after  the 
rfspt'c live  dates  of  the  certilicates  hereinafter  mentioned,  the  said  plaintid'  was  the 
(lnl,vii|i|iointed  and  acting  Commissioner  of  Indian  Alluirs  umhM'  tlie  laws  of  rheUnitt^l 
States,  iiiid  beln^  such  Connnis.siimer,  and  assnuiiii<r  to  act  in  the  jutMniscH  under  and 
]iiiisniiiit  to  the  tn-aty  with  the  Cliipjiewa  Indians  of  Lakt!  Superior  ami  the  Missis- 
sippi,  (iinclmled  on  the  liPtli  day  of  iSeptemlier,  1H51,  ratilied  on  the  10th  dayof.Tan- 
niiry,  lHr).5,  and  witlnuit  other  authority  or  dire(;tion  in  tlu^  |ueniises,  the  said  plainlitV 
did, as  such  Coninnssioner,  at  the  times  hereafter  sjmcilied,  nuike  and  sif;n,aiul  atlix 
tlieecal  of  the  Department  of  the  Interior  to  certain  certilicates  in  writiuy  of  the  ua- 
tmcjcliaracter, and  form  followiiij;,  to  wit: 

"'DHPAin-MKNT  or  TIIK  iNTKRIOIl,  Ol'KICK   Or   IXDIAV  AfKAIUS, 

( Ihttv  of  wrliftrafv.) 

'"I  hereby  certify  that  (name  and  residence  of  the  person)  is  one  tit'  the  personsde- 
frrilictl  in  the  juovision  contained  in  tin;  treaty  of  September  '.W,  lHr)4,  witii  the  Chip- 
IH'Was  (if  Lake  Suiierior,  and  that  the  said  (name  of  person)  is  entitletl  to  eij^iity  acres 
III' land,  as  therein  provided. 

'•'It  is  hereby  exi)ressly  declared  that  any  sale,  transfer,  mortjjajje,  asHi}{nment, or 
pledge  of  tliis  cc'tilicate,  or  of  any  ri^ht  accruinff  under  it,  will  not  be  reco;j;ni/,ed  as 
valid  by  the  linited  States;  and  that  the  patent  for  lands  located  by  virtue  thereof 
siinll  be  issued  directly  to  the  altove-named  reservee,  or  his  or  her  heirs,  and  shall  in 
niiwiHC  inure  to  the  bi^nefit  of  any  otln^r  person;  and  that  tlie  objcurt  and  purpose  of 
tliiscertilicale  is  to  identify  the  said  above-named  (nani(>  of  tlui  pers>;n)  as  one  of  the 
peiKdns  entitled  to  the  bciielit  of  the  provisions  of  the;  seventh  clause  of  the  second 
artifli!  of  the  treaty  aforesaid. 

"(iiven  under  my  hand  and  the  seal  of  the  Department  of  the  Interior,  this  day  and 
year  above  written. 

[SKM,.]  "'W.T.  DOLE, 

'■  '  '  II  <  Comininnioiicv.' 

"That  the  said  certidcates  were  numbered,  lettered,  dated,  and  issued  in  the  name 
of,  and  iiurportiuiL;  to  be  for.  the  sole  personal  use  and  beuelit  of  the  several  persons 
ri'spt'ctively  fidlowing,  to  wit: 

"No. .'),  |{,  of  said  certituates,  dated  April  13, 1864,  was  in  the  name  of,  and  purported 
toln^  for  the  benetit  nf  Peter  (JhouiU'rd. 

"No.'Jl,  C,  dated  May  11, 1H(>4,  in  nanu^  and  for  the  benefit  of  Lucy  Briddle. 

"No.  T:i,C,  dated  Auf^ust  2.'),  1H()4,  in  name  and  for  beiu;lit  (dlMa..!.  Chapman. 

''Nil.  71,  C,  dated  Auynst  •^.'),  18(!4,  in  name  ami  for  benetit  of  Charl()tt<!  Shaw. 

"Nil.  1 1,  C,  dated  April  '20,  ls!t>4,  in  name  and  for  benetit  of  Margaret  La  Fond. 

"No. 4."),  C,  dated  .lune  1:5, 18ti4,  in  name  and  for  benetit  of  Francis  Hird. 

"No.  I"2,C,  dated  .tune  Li,  18(54,  in  name  and  for  benelit  of. John  ]$.  Goslin. 

"No. :)(),  bitter  and  date  not  known,  in  name  and  for  the  benetit  of  .John  I>.  Gurnoe. 

"No.  IS'i,  (:,  dated  November  l"i.  lH(i4,  in  name  and  for  benetit  of  .Joseph  J<ii;;arde. 

"No.  •j:!(i,C,  dated  .Fanuary  14,  ISlo,  in  name  and  for  benetit  of  Mi(diael  La  l.oche. 

" No. -Jilt),  C,  dated  February  '20,  Irti.'),  in  name  and  for  benelit  of  Charlotte  Bellair. 

"No.  im,C,  dated  :21st,  lrt(>4,in  name  and  for  benetit  of  .Joseph  Nolan. 

"No."27t),  C.  <lated  .lanuary  M,  IHd."),  in  name  and  for  benelit  «)f  Archange  Beancluimii. 

"No.  104,  D,  dated  May  10,  li::Jt)5,  iu  name  aud  for  beuelit  of  Louise  Sayuard. 


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t'IIIPl'i:\VA    llAr.r-IlHKKDS    of   LAKK    HlJl'lililOR. 


'li 


;,»■.'■■ 


3!< 


I 


f '  i  ^:i' 


m 


0^ 

m 


"Nil.  1(17,  l»,  (lilted  Miiy  1",  Hf'..',  it)  imnu-  niid  for  Ix-nt'tif  nl'  .roscpli  Sayrrt. 

'^'No.  Itl'i,  l>,  (Inli'd  Miiy  l<>,  iHi'i,  in  naiiic  anil  tor  Iti-iU'tit  of  I't'tn  Hiiyiinl. 

"  No.  li:t,  1»,  ilalcil  May  1<»,  HtS.'i,  in  niiiiiK  ami  tor  Itcnttit  of  Isalxdlu  ( Jranlmis. 

"  No.    ',M>,  1»,  iliitcil  May  |0,  Jhim,  in  naini*  and  for  liciM-tif  of  .l(mi*|tli  (Jarrilii  lu. 

"  No.  1'iil,  II,  datt'd  .May  li>.  Hii.'»,  in  iiaiiiH  and  for  Itcnctit,  of  Kdward  Uaninni, 

"No.  1o;t,  l>,  ilaird  May  in.  1"^*'),  in  iiaiin'  and  for  licncllf  of  .Foifpli  Ku'dcriiku, 

"No.  ]<>•.»,  M,  dated  .May  !<•,  Hll'i,  in  name  and  for  1> lit  of  FianvoiM  IfainJH,.. 

"No.    O'J,  II,  dated  May  Kl,  H(i.">,  in  nainit  and  tor  lieiielit  of  AiiK»'lie.  (Miariettu. 

"No.  17;t,  II,  dated  .May  10,  IHo."),  in  name  and  for  lieiiellt  of  Loiiin  Vivier, 

"No.  171,  1),  dated  .May  1(»,  iwi."),  in  name  and  for  lienellt  of  Franvoi.^  Vivier. 

"  Wliieli  s.iid  eertitieateN  an-  llm  HaiiiM  tliinj^s  that  are  referred  to  in  Naid  e(>iii|ilikiiit 
niid  tliereiii  ealled  '  C'lii|)|>e\vu  land-scrip'  and  '('liippewa  lialf-ltriMMl  m!ri|i,'  the  hIkivh 
Boeeilied  tweiity-foiir  of  wliicli  wore  dulivureil  Ity  tlio  plaintiti'  to  tlio  defemlanr.,  us 
tliereinliefori!  admitted. 

"And  the  defcMidant,  farther  aiiswerinyr,  says  that  the  Pn-Nldent  of  th«  Kiiited  .Sfntos 
lia.s  never  assi^rind  to  eaidi  or  either  of  t  lie  Naiil  persoiin  named  in  the  aforenaid  iwrtiii- 
cates  or  Heri])  ei;xlity  ai^rcH  of  land,  or  any  land  for  Iiih,  or  her,  or  their  use,  nor  luts  tiiH 
Biiid  peiHons,  or  either  td'tiiem,  ever  seleeteil  any  land  under  tlii)  diriMitioii  <>{'  tim  I'rtw- 
idunt  for  ids  or  liernwn  use,  m'  for  any  nse  or  [inrpose  under  the  provisions  of  tin-  miijiI 
treaty,  and  th(f  I'n^Mideiit  of  the  United  .'States  did  not  diniet  or  authorize  the  iii;il<jiicr 
and  isMiianee  of  the  waid  certitieates  or  serip,  or  any  of  them,  and  the  isHiinnreof  tlii^ 
Hanie  wmh  wliolly  nnanthoii/.ed,  and  neiilier  of  the  naid  iiersons  named  in  the  Naid  rvr- 
tifleati'H  or  scrip  was  a  head  of  a  family  or  sinjjle  jiei-soii  over  twenly-one  years  of  huk 
at  the  time  of  inaUinK  of  said  treaty,  of  the  mixed  hloods  Itelon^iiijV  to  the  Cliippinvas 
of  Lake  Snperior,  or  entitled  to  the  henclit  rd'  the  provisions  in  the  said  treiity  con- 
tained, cxeeptine;  .Joseph  La  (iiirde,  .loliii  li.  (iiimoe,  and  (-'liarlotte  .Shaw  ;  and  iieitlier 
of  the  saiil  certitieates  or  scrip  were  ever  delivered  to  the  ]ierHon  therein  iiiniicd,  nor 
were  such  persons,  or  either  of  them,  ever  informed  l»y  the  plaintilf  that  he  lia<|  ))||„|« 
and  sijjiicd  said  ceitilicates,  but  he,  tlie  said  plaintitf,  without  tlieir  consent  or  l<ii(nvl- 
rdpe,  retained  the  same,  and  caidi  of  them,  in  his  own  jiossession  and  control  until  lie 
defiveied  the  same  to  the  defendant,  as  liei-,'inl>efore  admitted,  ami  tin*  defendant  is  in. 
formed  and  lielievcs  that  th*  idaintitl'iiever  p.iid  oryave  any  considoralion  for  lh(!s;iiil 
certitieates  or  scrip,  e.\cept  his  service's  in  issiiiiifj  and  doliverin;;  to  other  parties,  wlio 
were  not  entitled  thert'to,  a  (inantity  of  lilie  certitieates;  all  of  wliiidi  was  done  l)y  tliu 
l)laintitt',  in  violation  of  his  oHicial  duty  as  sindi  (Ji)uiniissi(Hier,  with  intent  to  ciioiit 
and  defraud  the  United  States  and  tho  mixed-bloods  of  the  Chiiipowas  referred  to  iii 
the  aforesaid  treaty. 
"Wherefore  the  defendant  denmnd.s  judgment  and  costs. 

"MA8TKKSON  &  HIMONS, 
^^AltortwjHforDefinduiitjSt.FaulfMinimola. 

"  St.vtk  of  Minxksot.v,  Coinifji  of  linmsei/,  sa.  ; 

"  Henry  F.  Masterson,  of  said  county,  beinjr  duly  sworn,  says  that  ho  is  one  of  tho 
attorneys  for  the  ivbove-namcd  defendant;  that  the  fore^foint;  answer  is  truc>.  to  the 
l)e«t  of  hi.s  knowledfie,  information,  and  lielief,  and  that  the  r.Mson  wliy  this  allidavit 
of  verilicatiou  is  not  made  by  siiid  defendant,  is  that  he,  said  defendant,  is  absmit  i'lom 
the  said  county  of  Kainsey,  where  his  attorneys  reside. 

"  HENltY  F.  MASTEh'SON. 

"  Subscribed  aiul  sworn  to  before  me  this  3d  day  of  May,  1871. 

[1..  .s.]  "  \V.  P.  MUJ?UAY, 

"Xolary  Ptthlic,  I'amsey  I'ountjj,  Mintimfa." 

We  are  well  advised  that  the  averments  of  Mr.  Wilson's  answer  are  correct  and  triio. 
Oscar  Taylor,  of  Saint  Cloud,  sent  to  the  Indian  IJurtiaii  the  applications  of  AlexandtT 
illair,  Marjjarct  Blair,  Mary  Ann  lUair,  Aiij;eli(iue  Trotochand,  and  Erhvard  l?lair.  After 
a  reasonable  time,  not  hearing  from  them,  he  wrote  for  information,  and  received  a  reply 
from  a  clerk  in  the  Bureau  that,  if  he  would  permit  the  retention  of  two  of  tlKs  hvc 
pieces,  they  would  issue  the  whole,  and  forward  suitable  blanks  to  bo  executed  for  that 
purpo.se.    Taylor  refused,  and  tho  scrii»  was  not  issued. 

From  1805  to  IHiiS  no  .scrip  was  issued.  In  18CS  the  throe  hundred  and  ten  applira- 
tious  remaining  in  the  hands  of  X.  W.  Kittsr)!!  and  his  associatos  were  ptaciMl  in  tlie 
hands  of  Franklin  .Steele,  a  resident  of  Georgetown,  D.  C,  to  lay  before  Coinniissioiier 
Taylor,  of  the  Indian  Bureau.  The  Commissioner  issued  .scrip  on  all  the  applica- 
tions, notwithstanding  the  fact  that  many  of  them  were  defective  in  form,  as  will 
appear  upon  examination;  and  notwithstanding  the  more  important  fact,  that  proba- 
bly not  one  of  the  three  hundred  and  ten  apiilicants  had  any  claims  under  the  treaty. 
This  negligence  of  careful  attention  to  duty  has  cost  the  Government,  in  this  instame, 
ii4,000  acres  of  tho  most  valuable  lands  iu  the  Northwest.    Commissioner  Taylor  also 


■  v." 


CniPPKWA    TfALF-RRKEDS    OP   LAKE   SirPERIOR. 


65 


MASTEHSON. 


jnHiiiiH'fl  tlni  iMjwer  to  cxtcud  tli«  provHimis  of  thu  trpafy  Ity  iiiilnnting,  ovor  liU  nijjim- 
tiiri',  iii'TOHH  tlio  fiM'e  of  itach  piuuit,  Mutt  IIiIn  Hcrip  coiiltl  Im  liti<l  upon  uiiy  iiiiHiirvcytMl 
IiimI  ill  tlio  Uiiitcil  8ti»tt'H.  TliiM  Ncrip  wtnit  into  tin-  IiiiihIh  of  Frunkliii  Htoflc,  N.  \V. 
Kitt^iiiMunl  Monry  V.  WcIIh,  wlioHtill  lioUl  li  part  of  it,  TliiN  Hcri])  wait  liiiiiltMii'il  with 
tliiMinii!<'HH'i»t  iMTntoforn  mt  out,  iniulo  with  the  inixttd-hlooilH,  KiviuKtheiii  tht-  opticni 
lotiilii' tilt)  Ncrip  or  lifty  ilolliu'M  in  iiuii  tliiu'oof;  y«<t,  uh  Htitt)>ii  uhov*>,  wo  liavc  heard 
lit' 11(1  iii!4taii<!0  where  either  a  nijxiMl-bloiHl  haH  heuii  porinitted  to  nial(e  Iun  eh'itioii  or 
linHnctived  any  coimi(U«ratioti  for  th«  Maine.  We  are  informed,  howevt.-r,  that  MeMsrs. 
WiIIh  iV  KittMon  Intve  euipioyeil  one  KobinHon,  uctinK  United  Htaten  viee-eoiiNul  at 
Wliini|>eK<  >'■  the  liritinh  poHNHNHionH,  to  make  ■tottlemenl  with  the  lntlf-hre««dM.  Tlit-y 
^iviitliiM  mail  KobiiiHoii  fifty  dollarH,  for  wliich  lie  in  reiiiicNted  to  olitain  n  warranty 
ilri'il  iViMii  tiiene  inixed-biotHlM  fur  the  landn  h)cated  by  their  Herip.  Ilo  obtaiim  this 
ilrril.  of  tlie  nature  of  which  tiiev  liave  but  a  dim  ('oneepiion,  for  the  HiiialieHt  posNilihi 
.iiiiHliliration,  and  appropriatON  tne  buhuiee  of  tiiu  fnndH  to  liin  own  piirpoxeH.  Thus 
i|iiri4»ii  olHeer  of  the  (jovernment  Join  handH  witii  thot*e  wlio  oppreHH  and  defraud  the 
jHKii  itiiil  ignorant.  In  tiiiH  connection  we  refer  yon  to  ulHdiivitH,  nnnibers  one  to  iifty- 
tlirw,  iiirhiHive,  of  ScinuUilo  I). 

We  I'urwanl  herewitii  three  Mehedulett,  A.  1\  which  (contain  the  factHand  theeviihnee 
ttiicu  ill  refereiien  to  the  iipplications  thei  .n  enroMed,  with  tiie  accompanying  aitida- 
viM.  This  eiuHes  our  report  upon  the  HU|ii)lemental  iiiHtriu;tioiiH  to  investigate  iHHiit.s 
III  ttirip  already  made. 

Ki'ferriiig  to  our  iimtructioiiH  to  aHcertaiii  who  are  Htill  lieiieflciarieH,  under  t)ie 
rwiiective  clanHCH  of  the  trentie,s  of  1854  and  l^fiM,  it  \h  jiroper  that  we  Hhouhl  make 
>ome  );eiieral  MtatementH  in  ex[iianatioii  of  what  might  otherwiHe  be  ditlicult  to  be 
iiudcrtttiiod. 

WoHoeii  found  that  tlie  ai>plieatioim,  formally  made  out  with  identifying  witnesses 
Kwl cirtilicd  to  by  a  piibliu  olHcor,  were  wholly  unreliable  iin  evidence  that  the  appli- 
cant WHS  entitled. 

Many  |>arti(!H  have  made  two,  three,  iiud  soinetiineH  more  applieatious,  stating  in  each 
ibiit  tiiey  had  never  applied  before,  (see  Stshedule  B  an<l  the  accompanying  iijiplica- 
tidUN.)  Some  white  pei'Hoim  have  aiiplied;  several  who  were  dea<l  at  the  date  of  the 
:(|i)illi  atioii  purport  to  have  ai>plied  ;  and  many  persons,  coimt<lerably  under  the  agi-, 
;i«  will  appi'iir  in  the  evidence  we  have  set  out.  Generally,  these  ap|ilications  are 
witiii'cstMl  by  respectable  persons,  who  in  turn  are  vouched  for  by  some  respectable 
oAicm'.  It  was  eiuiily  discovered  also  that  the  iiarties  applying  did  not  originally  eom- 
|iri'licnil  the  averments  they  made  in  the  application,  neith-'r  as  to  age,  citizenship,  nor 
iribiil  relation.  The  most  they  generally  understood  was,  that  if  they  signeil  the 
jiiiiu'i-.s  tliey  would  get,  iu  time,  Hoinething  called  scrip,  which  would  be  of  some  value 
lolhtiii.  We  also  aseertaiiiod  that,  among  the  idtsntifying  witnesses,  a  loose  notion 
liri'Viiili'd  concerning  the  nature  of  their  averments,  and  tliiit  their  certilieate  very 
iiltiii  hull  little  more  basis  than  a  passing  acquaintance  with  the  parties;  and  also 
tiiiit  public  otlict>rs  often  certified,  as  a  matter  of  form,  to  parties  they  had  never  heard 
III,  and,  ill  some  instanc(>s,  made  out  certiticates  in  blank. 

Tims  the  a)i|>lications  before  us  in  themstdves  furnished  no  evidence  in  support  of 
tbeeliiiiiiu  of  the  applicants.  For  these  reasons  we  have  relied  very  little  ujion  the 
;i]i|ilicatioiis  themselves,  but  almost  entirely  upon  the  personal  examination  of  the 
liinty,er,  where  that  was  not  practicable,  upon  the  examination  of  those  who  were  ]>"r- 
vMially  aciiuainttMl. 

W'l'  liiive  prepared  two  schedules,  B  and  C,  on  which  are  enrolled  the  names  of  >:•:  1; 
;ili|ilii'itiitH  as  appeared  before  us  by  attorney,  together  with  the  evidence  and  facts  we 
liave  ulitained  in  reference  to  each  case. 

How  little  care  has  been  exercised  by  these  agents  in  procuring  applications  will  be 
sui'u  from  the  fact  that  some  parties  are  induced  to  apply  who  are  found  ti'  *'o  very 
vuiiug,  while  others  long  since  dead  are  made  to  furnish  their  application:  for  this 
balf-breed  scrip. 

There  will  also  be  found  on  this  li.st  the  names  of  many  white  persons  who  are  gen- 
«ally  connected  by  marriage  with  the  Chippowas  of  some  of  the  bands,  and  many 
others  still  who  have  never  resided  for  any  length  of  time  in  *'ie  United  Stales. 

The  critical  examination  of  each  application,  made  necessary  by  their  irregularities, 
has  lM;eii  given  so  far  as  was  possible  upon  our  part. 

On  the  Ist  day  of  July  we  notified  the  attorneys  that  wo  were  ready  to  hear  any 
ivideucf  Ihcy  had  to  offer  touching  the  applications  they  respectively  represented,  and 
reiieatedly  thereafter  called  their  attention  to  the  same  matter ;  but  generally  we  have 
received  little  response  from  any  of  them,  and  have  therefore  been  left  to  make  onr 
investigations,  for  the  most  part,  without  their  aid. 

Schedule  C  represents  the  applications  filed  for  scrip  under  the  treaty  of  September 
•W,  W54.  We  have  decided  these  cases  upon  the  principles  already  stated,  viz,  that 
wouieu  having  living  husbands  September  30,  18r)4,  and  all  persons  who  had  not  some 
time  during  their  lives  a  personal  connection,  in  other  wonls,  did  "  belong  to  the  Chip- 
liewas  of  Lake  Superior,"  are  not  proper  claimants.    On  this  principle  we  have  rejected 

5  H  B  S 


■4»' 


..' 


■V.-.J  -•    ■■  i 


■•    !•,;, 


•■. !  >t-  * .i^K->'  i''-'  •    - 

<    hi,  *  ::  r,\.,'::>;.  : 


11 
(I 

^'^•'''■■.iii 


>?^-?-*  "■;■'*  ■'•••"•■' 

,  '■■  -V'.'>''i.",;.:-/  j '.'■'■■"A 

.  ■■i..V>\'.?^V/.  .J 

fvj,,,  :';■;■■;-.-;•■:■■, 


66 


CHIPPEWA    HALF-BREEDS    OF   LAKE   SUPERIOR. 


mi- 


|"v.-S-->" 


tbo  applicatioiiH  of  all  mixert-blooda  who  are  connocted  with  the  Mississippi  aud  PiUn. 
ger  bands  and  tho  Ptjnibina  and  Red  Lake  bands,  aUhoiij^h  their  tathors  and  inolliBM 
may  some  time  liave  belouj>t;d  to  the  Chipp»!was  of  Lake  Superior.  Very  few  of  tbc 
a]>pli(;ants  in  these  bands,  Iiowever,  claimed  to  have  any  other  connection  with  the 
Lake  Snperior  Chippewas  than  that  they  were  of  a  coniiuou  ancestry  and  foriuerlv 
drew  their  annnities  at  the  sauif  ai^eucy. 

There  are  fonr  hinidred  aud  ninety-rive  applicants  njion  this  schednle,  many  of  v\\nw 
are  also  found  to  be  applicants  upon  Schedule  B  ;  this  is  exclusive  of  duplicates. 

Schedule  B  repnssents  the  applications  riled  under  the  treaty  of  IririiJ,  nuinburinL' 
seven  hundred  aud  tweuty-threc,  besides  duplicates. 

These  claims  we  have  also  adjudj^od  according  to  the  limitations  of  the  treaty  of 
IStv!,  which  requires  that  each  beueficiary  shall  be  a  male  adult  half-breed,  who  is 
reflated  by  blood  to  said  Chippewaa  of  Red  Lake  and  Pembiiui  bands.  T.'iis  wt  bavc 
construed  to  mean  close  relationship  at  the  present  time,  and  not  the  ndatioiishipofa 
remote  common  ancestry,  and  have  also  insisted  that  the  applicant  shall  be  a  cilizen 
of  the  United  States. 

Owing  to  the  widely-.scattered  localities  and  the  roving  lives  of  the  Pembina  half. 
Ijreeds,  it  has  often  been  very  dittieult  to  decide  those  questions  to  our  entire  satisfac- 
tion.    In  such  cases  we  have  generally  given  the  half-breed  the  benerit  of  tlis  doubt, 

Schedule  F  contains  the  names  of  parties  who,  according  to  instructions  of  Hon,  j, 
D.  (Jox,  former  Secretary  of  the  Interior,  nmdo  personal  application  to  locute  their 
claims  under  the  treaty  of  18.'')4  for  Lake  Superior  scrip  at  the  land-oHic«i  in  Saiut  Clouii, 
Nearly  all  these  persons  came  in  Saint  Cloud  with  one  of  the  Red  River  traiuf*— a  loiiir 
procession  of  carts,  that  comes  annually  laden  with  furs  from  the  Northwest  and  the 
British  jiossessions.  These  half-bn.'cds,  and  others  camping  on  the  juairie  near  Saint 
Cloud,  were  taken  in  charge  and  brought  in  crowds  to  the  land-otlice.  They  .•iiibsciihw! 
and  swore  to  a])])lications,  were  identiried  in  due  form,  located  their  eiglity  acri'H,  and 
immediately  conveyed  it  to  their  friends,  who  had  so  kindly  informed  them  of  the 
bounty  of  a  generous  Government,  and,  receiving  in  turn  from  ll.'i  to  $40  eacli,  thov 
went  their  way  to  their  carts  aud  to  their  homes  in  Canada.  In  these  llri  siiccossfiil 
applications  we  rind,  after  the  most  diligent  search,  the  name  of  oidy  one  man  who 
belonged  to  the  Chippewas  of  Lake  Superior  in  1854,  Edward  Wells,  and  he  bad  al- 
ready received  his  scrip  under  this  treaty. 

One  person.  Paschal  Belgard,  is  a  member  of  the  Manitobeau  government,  and  uevei 
5)retended  to  have  any  rights  under  this  treaty.  He  was  approached  imd  oflureil  %\li 
for  his  name.  He  distinctly  declared  he  was  not  a  projier  claimant,  but  was  told  it  did 
not  matter ;  and  so  he  took  the  |15,  aud  some  other  one  took  tho  eighty  acres  of  land, 

Schedule  G  shows  the  personal  applications  made  in  a  somewhat  similar  way  at  thf 
land-otrice  at  Du  Luth.  We  would  call  the  attention  of  the  Commissioner  to  this 
schedule,  and  the  certittcate  indorsed  thereon. 

Schedules  A,  D,  and  E  have  already  hadsutlicient  reference. 

Schednle  K  contains  a  list  of  applications  taken  by  R.  F.  Crowell  in  1870,  luider  the 
treaty  of  1H.">4.  We  have  passed  upon  the  same  in  accordance  with  the  construction  of 
the  treaty  adopted. 

Schedule  L  <!oiitains  a  list  taken  by  Mr.  Crowell  at  the  same  time,  under  treaty  ol 
lH(i8,  with  our  lindings  thereon. 

Schedules  H  aud  I  contain  a  list  of  the  ajjplicants  who  appeare<l  before  the  coniniis- 
■^ion,  with  our  tindings  in  each  case  uncler  both  treaties. 

We  also  return  you  herewith  the  applications  sent  to  us  for  examination,  and  fm- 
ward  those  riled  with  the  conmiissiou  by  the  ditt'orent  agt'uts,  and  by  api)licant.s  them- 
selves, before  the  commission. 

It  is  projjcr  that  refereuce  should  be  made  to  the  personal  character  aud  qnalilicii- 
tions  of  the  persons  from  whcmi  we  have  received  im)iortant  infornuition,  and  whosi' 
names  frecpiently  appear  in  the  evidence  taktm.  Benjamin  G.  Armstrong  and  .Inseph 
(iiniioe,  of  Bayfield,  \Vis. ;  Vincent  Roy,  jr.,  and  D.  George  Morrison,  of  Superior  City. 
;iie  mixed-bloods,  who  have  spent  their  livtss  at  Lak<!  Superior,  and  are  intimately  ai- 
i|!iainted  with  the  mixed-bloods  belonging  to  the  Chippewas  of  Lake  Superior;  Jolni 
Biiptiste  Bottineau  now  resides  at  Os,s(M),  Minn.,  a  very  intelligent  mixed-blood  of  tik' 
Pembina  band.  He  resided  at  Saint  Joseph,  Dak.,  for  some  years,  trading  with  thi 
]i;ilf-breeds  in  that  region  of  country.  Peter  Bottineau,  tlie  celeltrated  guide,  was 
I'oru  and  raised  in  Pembina,  and,  by  his  repeated  visits  to  that  section  of  the  country 
inhabited  by  the  mixed-bloods  of  the  Pembina  bands,  has  kept  up  an  intimate  aciiiiaint 
ance  with  the  families,  and  almost  all  the  individual  members  of  the  families,  of  the 
mixed-bloods  connected  with  the  Red  Lake  and  Pembiiia  bands. 

.J<dni  Baptiste  Wilkey  and  Antoine  Azuie,  of  Saiut  Joseph,  are  two  reliable  luixod- 
bloods. 

J'  sejdi  R<d)eit,  of  Saint  Paul,  was  once  a  resident  in  the  Red  River  country,  andh* 
traded  there  more  or  less  every  year  since. 

Clement  H.  Beaubien,  John  H.  Fairbanks,  and  Peter  Roy,  for  a  long  time  resideuts 


•0  reliiitilo  iiiixwl- 


CHIPPEWA    HALF-BREEDS    OF    LAKE    SUPERIOR. 


67 


ill  the  Mississippi  Valley,  wore  from  Lake  SiipiTior,  and  arc  ititiiuately  aequiuiited 
l)(i{li  with  tins  mixHl-Uloods  living  in  tbo  valley  of  the  Mississippi  and  at  Lake  Superior. 

R,  C.  Uiirdick,  Philip  Beanprie,  and  Captain  J.  J.  Hill  have  ha<l  much  intercourse 
^itli  tiiii  mixed-bloods  in  the  Rtxl  River  country. 

(icnr;;"'  Honga  has  serve<l  for  a  long  time  as  the  Government  interpreter,  and  has 
liiiM  ii  1 1 ;uler  at  Superior  and  amoiig  the  Chippewas  of  the  Mississippi  and  Pillager 

tonds.  . 

Your  commission  make  the  following  recommendations,  as  a  guide  for  future  action 
ill  rffcrciice  to  scrip  : 

KiiHt.  Tliat  such  legislation  by  Congress  be  secured  as  ■will  hereafter  forbid  the  rc- 
I'l'ivm;:  III'  any  applications  for  scrip  under  tiie  treaty  of  September  30,  IBM,  at  La 
Poiiit«s  Wisconsin,  with  the  Chippewas  of  Lake  Superior,  at  any  land-office,  until  the 
iiirt'its  (if  such  application  shall  have  been  decided,  and  the  bounty  granted  by  special 
*ctiif  t'lingresH  in  each  case. 

Secoiiil.  Tluit  for  future  applications  for  scrip  under  the  Red  Lake  and  Pembina 
iiwity  of  October  2,  lfiG;5,  and  April  12,  1H()4,  an  anthorizt'd  form  be  prepared  by  the 
DiiiaVliiu'iit  of  the  Interior,  which  shall  clearly  set  forth  both  the  treaty  and  its  proper 
I'oiisitrnition,  and  shall  declare  the  age,  birth-place,  parentage,  and  residence  of  the 
;ijiplic;iiit,  and  that  no  other  form  of  ap|>lication  be  allowed  ;  and  that  the  Indian 
iijjiiit  for  the  Pembinas,  or  some  other  designated  authorized  person,  shall  be  recpiired 
towrtity  that  he  has  made  all  necessary  in(|uiries  in  the,  case,  and  believes  the  appli- 
rtiiit  is  entitled. 

iliini.  Tliat  immediate  action  be  taken  on  the  entries  at  the  Saint  Cloud  land-office. 
;issi't  fertii  in  Schedule  F,  and  the  Du  Lnth  land-office,  as  set  forth  in  Schedule  G,  and 
lliiit  said  entries  be  canceled,  not  one  of  them  having  been  found  entitled. 

Kointli.  That  in  any  treaties  hereafter  to  be  made  with  any  tribe  of  Indians  by 
wliieli  lands  nniy  be  ceded,  no  promise  of  scrip  shall  be  made  a  part  of  the  con.sidera- 
tioii  by  tlie  Government,  ihe\)rovisions  under  the  "homestead  law  "  being  regai'dedsuf- 
lipibiit  to  provide  for  all  who  des  re  to  settle  on  the  land,  and  all  of  the  iaalf-bree<l 
*rip  olearly  proving  that  such  (Jovornment  bounty  inevitably  leads  to  fraud  and  cor- 
ntjiim,  and  brings  no  help  to  the  half-breed. 

I'irth.  That  immediate  steps  be  taken  to  secure  the  Government  against  loss,  by 
raiiiiliiig  all  entries  made  at  the  different  land-ofldces  on  applications  for  scrip  foun»l 
illegal,  for  which  the  patent  has  not  yet  been  issued. 

Sixtli.  As  to  what  course  should  be  pursued,  if  any,  to  secure  the  punishment  of 
[lartics  to  the  frauds  which  your  commission  has  declared,  we  do  not  feel  called  to  ex- 
linssaii  opinion,  further  than  to  suggest  that  the  interest  of  all  true  government,  both 
111'  its  iionor  and  justice  m  coming  tinu»,  seem  to  require  that  such  liagrant  wrongs  as 
liiTJiiry  and  subornation  of  perjury,  and  forgery  and  embezzlement  should  not  be  per- 
iiiitteil  til  fscape  the  mark  of  condemnation  and]iunishment,  and  esjiecially  do  we  hold 
it  iiii)K)iiant  tinit  an  officer  of  the  Government  made  a  guardian  of  the  nation's  wards, 
shuiild  not  be  permitted  to  enjoy  with  impunity  the  fruits  gained  by  such  crimes,  at 
till' expense  of  his  wards. 

liesiiectfullv  submitted. 

HENRY  S.  NEAL, 

Commiasioner. 
8.  N.  CLARK, 
Special  Comvus8io)ier  and  United  Slatcn  Indian  Agent. 

EDW.  P.  SMITH, 
Special  Commissioner  and  United  States  Indian  Agent, 

Hon.  11.  R.  Ci.i'M, 

Acting  Commissioner  of  Indian  Affairs,  Washington,  D.  C. 


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CHIPPEWA   HALF-BREEDS   OF   LAKE    SUPERIOR. 


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133 


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CHIPPEWA   HALF-BREEDS   OP   LAKE   SUPERIOR. 


135 


Ijii  Mloinitf/  are  the  namen  of  Home  of  the  personn  who  xold  (?)  their  scrip  to  Jmac  Van 
Ettan^  of  Saint  Panl,  with  the  amonnta  he  paid  for  the  same. 


iailin,  Lniiis 

iiiiliii,  Cccili) 

iiiiliii,  Mary 

Uuiw,  Kliziibot-h 

Rinw.  .(lick 

Bniiiiii'lli".  .(oliii  Bte 

Sfl.iiiKer,  I'ieri-c 

Bel"ll^'|•l•.  Augimtns 

Bnmiii'lli',  JoHupli 

Bruiinclli'.  .Josi'tte 

Briiiiiiflli',  I'i-t«r 

Balilfiii.  Miirf;ai'et 

iluiliiue.  MiirKaref 

ikldiiv,  An;:eU(nio 

I  liiifiiit.  Sophia 

I'lijlliiiM',  Aii);eli(nie 

Cl.irri'ttr,  (Charles 

I  Bniniii'tlc, 

Fiiiiliniilo,  Miii'.v 

Fairhuiiks,  (JiMn-ge 

f.Jstniin,  Xiincy 

Fiilstiiini,  .Miirgaret 

I  fiinii'Rr,  Siirnli 

FaitliaiikH,  liiiliort 

Clirnia,  Kiiiily 

i.'lii-iiiii.  Oliver 

liriiierais,  Louis 

ijfn'iiis,  Sojiliia 

Iiiiiiiliiiii,  Uiizil 

h  Fund,  Miirj;arett 

IjlDiirt'llc,  Mary  A 

Miirrisoii,  Jiinies 

MHiillis,  ri-an^oise 

SirtiiUis,  Joliii 

La  May,  Maijiaret 

Lavarii'.  (,'liarlotto. 

Liflli,  Knincis 

Slil'iiy,  Jiiiio 

Mci  jiy,  Margaret 

Mil'ny,  Aiitoino 

liiicliMiici,  Elizabttli 

Miiore,  Ann 

Prpiii,  Stc'i)hcn 

tjiiinii,  Mary  I, 

Piclianii,  Kraugois,  (little  Freiicllinaii) 

Ei'iiltim,  f 'liarles,  ibr  Theresa 

lliiuilii,  Liiais 

Hflilii,  {Catherine 

Spriii'i',  Jnlla  A 

Siihvi'll,  Xiinr  V  H 

NirnisdiiRm,  Pierre 

Kiiy,  (Jc'cili' 

Hoy, Miiitfaret,  (Frank's  wife* 

Kny.l'dc 


Giill  Lake 
Dead 


Wliite  Earth... 

() 

Grey  CUoiid 

do 

do 

Xear  IScd  Lake  . 

Saiut  Clmid 

Saint  Paul 


Saiut  Paul . 


Dead 

Loeoh  Lake.   . 

Lake  Land 

do 

do 

SaiiitPauK '.'.'. 

do 

do 

Little  Canada. 

Red  Lake 

Saint  Paul  .... 
do 


Crow  AVing 

do 

Ceittreville 

do 

do 

Grey  Cloud , 

'.do 

do 

Little  Falls 

X(!ar  Cross  Wiug  , 

Saint  I'aul , 


Saint  Paul 

Ceutreville 

do 

White  Earth... 

Littiln  Falls 

Dead 


Rw,E.nr  M.. 

.<ayrr,  E 

St.  Clair,  liisette 

Vaiiassi',  Xancy 

Tliniiilisdi),  Matilda  . . . 

lltl-'oy.  Gi'neviove 

Tnriiiii,  liaptiste 

Tiii|iiii,,riim')di 

Uliat(ii'ii('vi('ve 

Wciiuit.  liaiitiste 

luriiin,  Zavier 


Cro-w  Wing  Crossing. 


Otter  Tail 

Near  Crow  AViug. 

Grey  (Jloud 

'.do 

do 

do 

Near  Kairbank... 

Grey  Cloud 


Amouut. 

$40  00 

40  00 

40  00 

75  00 

75  00 

45  00 

75  00 

75  00 

40  00 

40  00 

30  00 

40  00 

4000 

100  00 

40  00 

85  00 

30  00 

S5  00 

1-J5  00 

45  00 

40  00 

45  00 

75  00 

40  00 

40  00 

100  00 

30  00 

30  00 

40  00 

40  00 

30  00 

50  00 

150  00 

go  00 

20  00 

30  00 

40  00 

40  00 

40  00 

ao'oo 

40  00 

40  00 

30  00 

40  00 

50  00 

50  00 

30  00 

30  00 

30  00 

30  00 

gll  00 

100  00 

00  00 

no  00 

30  00 

ino  00 

30  00 

40  0(1 

25  00 

25  00 

40  00 

25  00 

25  00 

•Van  Ettan  says  he  paid  her. 

'  This  WHS  sipJd'  by  W.  V.  Dole,  Commissioner  of  Indian  Aflairs,  to  J.  P.  Wilson,  of  Saint  Cloud.  See 
ri'pdri. 

Ni'Ti:,— These  names  and  amonnts  are  believed  to  be  entirely  accurate,  and  show  what  was  pretty 
JHirially  paid  by  Isaac  Van  Ettan  and  those  associated  with  him  to  persons  who  applied  thronah  hiiii 
hiKcrip.  Tlie  arrangement  he  generally  made  when  the  apidieations  were  taken  was  to  jny  the  appli- 
'■Ills i4il  fur  their  scrip,  or  to  chirge  $30  for  procuring 'lie  . same.  Tliese  poor  people  seldom  or  never 
tall  the  sain  of  S20,  so  they  wei'e  generally  compelled  to  sell ;  they  had  no  friends  to  inform  them  what 
!lii»sirip  was  wort ii,  so  were  compelled  to  sell  for  any  sum  otVerod.  G.  W.  Sweut  purchased  a  few 
l«cis.  paying  abont  the  same  prices;  ono  or  two  other  parties  did  likowiae. 


.;.'-a-'- 


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CHIPPEWA    IIALF-HREEDS   OF   LAKE    SUPERIOR. 


157 


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K. 


Tho  iintltTHigned  would  roftpectfiilly  repreHcut  thiit,  on  or  about  thu  5th  Aav 
1^70,  )ic  wtiet  tlcHigiiuttMl  u  Himcial  ut;unt  of  tlie  Indiau  Otflco,  "  to  take  evi 


Saint  Paul,  Minn.,  Sq^ttmber  1.1,  1871. 

Sir:  ~ 
ofAiinimt,  ,  ..  .  ., 

ileiicu  with  tt  view  toaHcertuin  whut  {terHoiiH  of  inixud-blood  aru  entitled  to  itecuro  cer- 
lilii'utcM  of  Mcrip  for  luudH  under  the  proviiiiouH  of  tiie  ueveuth  cluuHe  of  the  Heoond 
article  of  the  treaty  concluded  at  1a\  I'ointe,  Wis.,  on  tho  IWth  day  of  September, 
l;,'i4,  between  the  United  Staten  antl  the  Chippewa  Indians  of  Lake  Superior  and  the 
MliMtiHsippi ;"  and  also  under  the  eiglitli  article  of  the  treaty  of  October  "i,  iHlilt,  niado 
l«'twet>n  tho  United  Stateu  and  tlie  Red  Lake  and  Pembina  bamlM  of  ChippewaH,  and 
thu  HL'venth  article  of  UHuppleiiiontary  treaty  uade  by  the  same  parties  at  VVuHhington, 
D.  {'..  April  Vi,  18fi4. 

riiat  hit*  letter  of  appointment  wan  received  on  or  about  tho  15th  day  of  September, 
1-71),  and  he  entered  upon  tlie  diHcliarge  of  his  unties. 

Tliut  in  said  letter  of  atipointment  he  was  instructed  as  to  the  kind  and  amount  of 
'proofs  required  to  establish  a  proper  claim"  under  the  said  respective  clauses  of  said 
tri'iitifs. 

ills  instructions  under  the  provisions  of  the  treaty  of  thoUOth  of  .September,  1*')4, 
vitli  the  Indians  of  Luke  Superior  and  the  Mississippi,  were  as  follows  : 

The  proofs  retpiired  to  establish  a  proper  claim  under  this  claiise  are  such  as  will 
clearly  show  that  the  party  claiming  is  u  "  mixed-blood  of  the  Chippewas  of  Lake  8u- 
jiirior,  and  that,  at  the  date  of  the  treaty  aforesaid,  he  or  she  wan  the  head  of  a  family, 
(If  twenty-one  years  of  ago,  as  the  case  may  be.  These  facts  must  be  sworn  to  by  the 
iiiixt'd-blood  claimants,  whose  testimony  as  to  the  same  facts  must  be  corroborated  by 
the  ttllidavite  of  two  disinterested  witnesses,"  «Scc. 

In  the  discharge  of  his  duties,  the  undersigned  was  met  by  claimants  and  attorneys 
of  claimants  uniierthe  treaty  of  the  30th  of  .September,  1854,  who  maintained  that  to 
entitle  them  to  be  beneficiaries  under  said  treaty,  it  was  not  necessary  that  they  should 
at  the  date  of  said  treaty  reside  among  the  Lake  Superior  Chippewas  ;  that  if  they  were 
mixHl-bloods  belonging  to  descendants  of,  having  u  comniou  lineage  with,  related  to, 
the  Chippewas  of  Lake  Superior,  it  was  all  that  was  required  ;  that  their  place  of  resi- 
liiinco  was  immaterial. 

They  maintained  that  this  question  had  been  presented  to  the  Indian  Office  n"d  to 
lie  Secretary  of  the  Interior  in  18G:{,  in  the  cases  of  Elizabeth  Ilorup  and  Theodore 
Burun,  mixed-bloods,  residing  in  Ramsey  County,  Minnesota,  and  that  certificates  for 
land  bad  been  issued  to  them  ;  that  the  Secretary  of  the  Interior  had  decided  that  cer- 
tilicutes  for  land  should  be  issued  to  inixed-bloods  without  regard  to  their  residence, 
the  ouly  recpiiremeut  being  satisfactory  evidence  that  they  were  mixed-bloods  belong- 
ing to  the  Chippewas  of  Luke  Superior  and  the  Mississippi,  and  were  twenty-one  years 
of  age,  or  the  head  of  u  family  at  the  date  of  said  treaty,  and  that  the  Department  iu 
rtpi-utud  instances  since  had  ujiprovedof  that  decision  and  acted  iu  accordance  there- 
with. 

It  was  also  claimed  that  those  persons  that  acted  for  the  Indians  in  making  said 
treaty  maintained  that  the  intention  and  object  of  that  provision  of  the  treaty  was  to 
i\\>\)\y  to  all  "  mixed-bloods  of  the  Chippewas  of  Luke  Superior,"  wherever  they 
might  be. 

I'liou  investigation,  the  undersigned  learned  that  the  question  as  to  who  were  legally 
entitled  to  the  benefits  of  this  jtrovision  of  the  treaty  had  been  presented  to  the  Indian 
(mice  us  early  us  July,  1H5G,  and  that  the  honorable  Commissioner  hud  construed  the 
treaty  to  uiean  only  those  "  mixed-bloods  of  the  Chippewas  of  Lake  Superior  "  who 
te^ided  among  or  contiguous  to  the  Indians  of  Lake  Superior,  asdistiuguislied  from  the 
Chippewa  Indians  of  the  Mississipiu  and  the  Chippewa  Indians  of  Michig.an  ;  that 
subsequently,  in  the  month  of  March,  18G3,  this  question  was  again  brought  to  the 
attention  of  the  Indian  OtVice  upon  the  applications  of  Elizabeth  Borup  and  Theodore 
Bunip,  for  eighty  acres  of  laud  under  the  provisions  of  said  treaty.  A  re-exaniiuatioa 
of  the  (luestion  was  had,  and  was  submitted  to  the  honorable  Secretary  of  the  Interior. 

In  reporting  the  former  construction  of  the  treaty,  the  Commissioner  of  Indian  Atfuira 
stated  :  "  From  an  examination  of  the  evidence  submitted,  it  is  to  me  at  least  doubtful 

if  the  latter  allegation  (construction  of  the  treaty)  is  sustained  ;  but  granting  that,  it 

is  iu  my  mind  a  forced  construction  of  the  treaty  to  require  that  the  mixed-bloods 

should  reside  among  or  contiguous  to  the  Indians  in  order  to  be  entitled  to  the  benefits 

of  its  provisions." 
The  Secretary  of  the  Interior  thereupon  overruled  the  former  construction  of  the 

treaty  by  the  Indian  Bureau,  and  decided  that  the  said  claimants  were  entitled  as  bene- 
ficiaries under  the  provision  of  said  treaty. 
Under  this  decision  of  the  Secretary,  scrip  was  issued  to  said  Barups,  and  thereafter 

scrip  continued  to  be  issued  to  other  mixed-bloods  without  regard  to  their  residence, 

the  only  requirements  being  satisfactory  evidence  that  they  were  half-breeds  or  mixed- 


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158 


CIIIH'EWA    HALF-HRKED8    OK    LAKE    SUPERIOR. 


.♦r-'Tic!;  ■■  •■ 


liloodn  lM>1<mKinK  to  tlin  CliimiewaH  of  Lake  Superior  iiml  tlio  MifMimippi,  auil  wore 
twuiity-oiio  ,vourH  of  iigt',  or  tliu  \wiu\  of  u  fitinily  ut  tliu  dutu  of  tint  trtrnty. 

In  IHilf)  tbiH  niatti^r  wuh  iikuIu  bronulit  to  tint  attention  of  thn  hea*!  of  tiin  Dopnrt- 
ment,  tliero  huin^  unothnr  Sccrotury  of  l\w  Intt^rior,  aiul  tli«  H»nin  duoiHiori  im  to  wbo 
were  l)«nuticiari«H  under  thin  proviHion  of  Maid  treaty  was  adliored  to,  but  tho  manner 
or  ni'ttii«Nl  of  oarryin({  out  tlio  )troviNion  waa  ohangod. 

Ill  1H4)7  or  1^M4,  the  ArtiiiK  CoinuiiHitioner  of  Indian  AflfairH,  in  a  communication  to 
tlio  Hoeretary  of  thn  Interior,  reviewed  tho  pnHt  acti(Mi  of  the  Dopartmont  in  ri«){iiril  to 
tliiH  inattxr,  and  the  honorable  Secretary  decided  that  all  half-breMli  or  niixed-ltloods 
bi>loii){inK  to  the  tribe,  jiartieH  to  the  treaty,  who  were  twenty-one  yearit  of  )|){h,  or 
the  head  of  a  family,  at  the  date  of  the  treaty,  were  entitled  to  the  heuelitN  ui'  tbiN 
]iroviHioii  of  Huid  tiHiaty,  and  that  thereafter  oertitiuates  for  laud  were  isnuod. 

Tiiat  the  iMwitioii  of  the  Department  hait  remained  unuhaiiHed  and  otill  adhered  tu 
UH  to  who  are  beiieliciarieH  under  thitt  ]>roviHion  of  aaid  treaty. 

Ill  the  diitcliarae  of  liiH  duties,  the  underniKned  wbh  guided  by  hin  iiintractiuns  and 
the  dcfiHhiuH  of  tlie  Department  above  referred  to. 

No  lint  of  iiaineH  of  tliime  to  whom  ncrip  had  been  iafliied,  nor  other  information  of 
that  kind,  wuh  furniMlied  the  iinderNi^ned. 

The  honorable  Commituiiouer  of  Indian  Aitairn,  by  letter  dated  Febrnary  7,  l^iTl,  di- 
n-ctcd  the  undermined  to  report  to  the  Indian  OtHce  what  proKreHH  he  had  made  in 
cairviiiK  ""t  hiH  iuHtructioim,  together  with  all  the  facta  he  had  been  able  to  colluut  up 
to  tliat  time. 

Ill  aiTordanco  with  said  diroctiori,  the  underHigned,  under  date  of  March  10,1371, 
Niilimitted  such  a  report  of  hia  action  as  ho  was  able  under  the  circumstances  ut  that 
time. 

That  by  letter  from  the  Acting  CommiHsioner  of  Indian  Affairs,  dated  May  4, 1871, 
the  underHigned  was  infoniied  of  tho  revocation  of  his  appointment  as  a  special  a^eiit 
and  of  liis  ap|ioiiitment  as  a  special  commissioner,  "  to  be  associated  with  Henry  .S.  Neul,' 
of  Irontou,  Ohio,  and  Selden  N.  Clark,  agent  for  the  Chippewas  of  Luke  Superior,  aiui 
Kdwaid  P.  Smith,  ngent  for  the  Chippewas  of  the  Mississippi,  who  will  act  whoii 
within  their  respective  agencies  for  the  purposes  mentioned  in  your  former  appnint- 
nient ;"  evidently  constituting  two  boards,  one  of  which  was  designed  and  deHijrnutt'd 
to  act  within  the  agency  of  Selden  N.  Clark,  and  the  other  within  the  agency  of  Kilward 
P.  Smith;  that  the  undersigned  was  instructed  in  said  appointment  assperial  ('riiiiiiii<i- 
wioiier  as  to  the  nature  and  amount  of  evidence  required  in  each  case,  under  Mi<!  scvcMitii 
clause  of  the  second  article  of  the  treaty  of  the  'M)th  of  September,  Iti54,  with  tiiu  Chip- 
]iewas  of  Luke  Su])erior  and  the  Mississippi,  as  follows: 

"  The  proofs  re(|nired  tu  establish  a  proper  claim  under  this  clause  are  such  as  will 
dearly  show  that  the  party  claiming  is  a  '  mixed-blood  of  the  Chippewas  of  Lake  Siipy- 
rior,'  and  that  at  tho  date  of  the  treaty  aforesaid  he  or  she  was  the  head  of  a  I'tuiiily, 
or  tw»'iity-oiie  years  of  age,  as  the  case  may  be.  These  facts  must  be  sworn  to  by  the 
mixed-blood  claimants,  whose  testimony  as  to  same  facts  must  be  corroboratiMl  by  the 
atlidavits  of  two  disinterested  witnesses,  whose  credibility  must  be  certitied  by  you  or 
your  associates,  if  such  witnesses  are  personally  known  to  you  or  them,  or,  if  not  go 
known,  then  their  credibility  may  be  certitied  by  tho  Judge  or  tho  clerk  of  a  oourti  of 
record  attested  by  the  seal  of  such  court;"  and  under  the  eighth  artichi  of  tho  treaty 
of  October  'i,  18(5:1,  and  the  amendatory  seventh  article  of  the  treaty  of  April  I'i,  18G4, 
witli  the  Ued  Lake  and  Pembina  banils  of  Chippewas,  as  follows: 

"  In  ascertaining  who  are  entitled  to  the  benelits  secured  by  tho  aforesaid  treaties 
List  mentioned,  you  will  observe  that  the  grant  is  conlined  to  tho  malo  adults.  You 
will  require  each  applicant  to  make  oath  that  he  was,  at  the  date  of  the  treaty  of  H(3:i, 
related  by  blood  to  the  said  Red  Lake  and  Pembina  bands  of  Chippewas ;  that  lie  was 
at  that  time  twenty-one  years  of  age ;  that  he  has  adopted  the  habits  and  customs  of 
civilized  life ;  was  at  that  time  a  citizen  of  tho  United  States  ;  has  not  at  any  tiino  ap- 
plied for  or  received  scrip  fur  lands  under  the  treaty  with  the  Chippewas  of  Laile 
Superior  or  with  any  other  tribe  of  Indians;  or  has  not  at  any  time  locaived  an 
allotment  or  reservation  of  land  under  treaty  with  any  other  tribe  of  Indians.  Should 
it  appear  that  any  applicant  has  at  any  time  applied  for  and  received  scrip,  orhasiin'l 
allotted  to  him  land,  under  the  provisions  of  any  other  treaty  with  any  tribe  or  l)aiiil 
of  Indians,  you  will  rejt^ct  his  application.  lu  addition  to  the  oath  of  the  aiiplicant, 
as  above  stated,  two  disinterested  persons,  whose  credibility  must  bo  certitied  by  you 
or  your  associates,  must  make  atlidavits  to  the  same  facts  as  required  of  the  appliuant, 
(those  facts  which  relate  to  receiving  scrip  or  lands  under  other  Indian  treaties,  may 
be  stated  according  to  the  knowledge  and  belief  of  the  attiants,)  and  that  they  liavo 
not  acted  as  attorneys  or  agents  for  tho  applicant,  and  have  no  interest  whatever  in 
tho  case. 

"In  executing  the  trust  confided  to  you,  you  will  be  careful  to  observe  the  forcgoiiiff 
instructions."  * 

That  subsequently,  by  letter  from  Col.  H.  R. Clum,  Acting Commissionoroflmliaa 


CMIPFEWA    HALF-HBEKD8   OF    LAKE    SUPERIOR. 


159 


r 


mtraotioiis  and 
iuforniation  of 


hffairs.  datrd  May  8,  1H71,  the  undiTHiftnetl  wan  itiHtrnotod,  "in  conjunction  with 
joiir  ci)-cuniniiNHiun«rN,  to  niako  anuxnniiuutiou  and  iuveiiti|{ation  of  nanh  onnn  in  which 
iQ  iwii(<  of  Korip  hnH  already  been  made,  under  the  provisiouHof  the  treaties  referred 
t(i  in  fluid  inHtructiouH. 

"In  MiitkinK  such  invnHtiKAtion,  von  will  Vte  sovfirnnd  by  tho  rul«H  laid  down  in  your 
ori|;ii)ui  iuHtructionH,  in  roKiird  to  tnu  luunnerof  nrnkin^  proof  required  fruuiuluiuiautii 
[„r  InnilH  undur  said  treatiiiii  lui  far  ait  the  wvnie  are  applicable."  • 

That  the  iindurHiKnud  withheld  bin  approval  of  tbt;  report  (dated  Heptember  4,  tWl) 
labmitti'd  by  the  other  Hpeoial  coniniiHHionors  to  the  honorable  Couituiwiouerof  Indian 
ifain.  for  the  following;  anions  other  reaHouH  : 

Kint.  Hecaufte  the  report  redeeted  upon  the  deciiiions  and  practioo  of  the  Ihiroau  and 
[ii'|}urtiMent  which  appointed  the  ooniiniHHiou. 

Second.  HecauHe  Htateinentn,  which  were  not  made  under  oath  nor  to  the  nonimiRHiou, 
but  to  Nonie  nienibor  of  it,  were  reported  aa  evidence  Hubniitted  to  the  comniitMion. 
Tbird.  DecauHo  Buthcient  time  was  not  allowed  the  underHigned  to  connider  and 
«ei)(li  the  information,  Htatonienttt,  and  evidence  submitted  to  and  obtained  by  the 
I  (umiiiii4Hion  or  memberH  thereof. 

Fuiirth.  UecauHe  the  reitort,  to){ether  with  the  evidence  and  papers  Nubmitted  there- 
Ifitb,  were  not  in  the  form  required  by  inatractiouH,  and  were  not  in  HiibNtanoe  as  re- 
(jiiiri'd  by  iiiHtructionH 

Fifth.  liecuuHe  the  i.jiderHiKned  is  not  convinced  of  the  correctneH^-  of  al!  the  state- 
ImeutHand  conchmionH  contained  in  Huid  report. 
Very  reepectfully,  your  obedient  Hcrvant, 

K.  F.  CUOWKI.L, 

Special  Cominnmiotte, .    • 
Hon.  H.  R.  Cm;m, 

.Icliiiy  CommiHHioner  of  Indian  Affaim,  Wanhinglon,  l>.  (.'. 


Washinoton,  D.  C,  March  fi  ;.•:  ■>, 

Sih:  I  have  the  honor  to  report  further  rospprtinR  the  applications  for  Red  I  -ike  c  "1 
Priiibiiiu,  which  were  rejectttd  or  approved  conditionally,  the  rejection  beiu);  on  account 
oftliv  Name  parties  having  had  scrip  issued  under  the  treaty  of  Lake  Superior  in  lti54, 
and  the  ((indition  on  which  others  were  apitroved  being  that  the  fraudulent  entries  in 
thiir  nitnics  at  the  Haint  Cloud  land-otlice  shall  be  canceled;  that  I  have  found  that, 
ill  tlio  eleven  cases  approved  conditionally,  no  one  of  the  entries  at  Saint  Cloud  in  their 
uamtiH  have  been  patented.  These  entries  can  therefore  be  canceled,  and  this  beingf  done, 
tiny  will,  according  to  the  report  of  the  commission,  be  entitled  to  scrip.  A  list  of 
toe  names,  with  the  lindings  of  the  coniinission,  is  hereby  transmitted  in  scht-.dule 
marked  M. 

Of  the  eighty-three  applications  rejected,  because  of  having  had  Lake  Superior  Chip- 
pewa Hcri]i,  I  find  forty-six  cases  in  which  no  )mtent  has  issued.  These  entries  can 
tlicrefiire  be  canceU-d,  being  fraudulent,  wherever  the  identifying  scrip  has  been  laid, 
and  where  it  has  not  been  used  it  can  bo  treated  as  null  and  void,  and  these  forty-six 
pirsons,  nci-ording  to  the  recommendation  of  the  commission,  bo  allowed  to  receive 
liii'  iKiH'fits  inten<led  for  them  as  Red  Lake  and  Pembina  mixed-bloods. 

The  accompanying  schedule  N  will  show  the  iindings  of  the  (  >;>i<iission  in  each  case 
cf  the  (fighty-six,  and  also  will  show  the  forty-six  cases  in  wIim  '  '."•  patent  has  issued. 

I  ri>.s]ii>ctfully  request  that  these  forty-six  names  may  be  iuclnuoa  in  the  list  of  those 
found  entitled  to  receive  scrip  under  the  treaty  of  18(5:1. 

Hchf'dide  O  contains  a  list  of  persons  who  are  entitled  to  the  honefits  of  the  treaty 
ollrtr)4  with  Lake  Superior  Chippewas,  but  on  whose  case  the  commission  omitted  to 
pronounce,  beyond  giving  the  evidence  found  in  each  cat'i-. 

I rtsiiectfully  suggest  tlmt  these  names  should  be  ad  '.    <  to  those  of  the  Gilbert  list 
andtliose  found  and  pronounced  entitled  by  the  coiuiaission. 
1  am,  very  respectfully,  your  obedient  servant, 

EDW.  I'.  SMITH, 
United  Staten  Indian  Agent. 

Hon.  F.  A.  Walk  Kit, 

CummisHioner  of  Indian  Affairs. 


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OKFICK   Ol-   UMTKI)   STATKS   IxIUAN    AttKNT, 

(Ciiii'i'KWA  AuKSt'Y,  Minn.,)  Tith  Januarii,  Isto 

Sin'  York  Cilij,  liox  i-ji-j 

SiU  :  I  liuvc  tlio  honor  to  invito  tlu'  HttciitioiioftlH-CoiiiiiiisHioin^r  to  tlic  listof  imtiKsi 
■which  1  liiive  clmckt'd  on  S(^h«'(hihi  I),  in  the  ifpurt  of  tho  hitii  ConiinissiKii  on  Half. 
Iht'cd   Scrip.     Thcso  arc  names  of  tlic  parties  wlio,  I  tliink,  are  sliown  liy  tln^  rvi- 
«lciicc  juiveu  l>y  tho  coiniuission  to   bo  btiieiiciaries  nndcr  tho  Livko  t^'ipcrior  tiiatv 
oflK".4. 

Also  to  the  Uiunes  of  purtius  in  tho  Scheiliiles  B,  II,  aud  L,  which  aru  as  follows, by 
nnnibor: 

Schedule  li. 

1(1, 2(i,  84,  Si»,  10.-),  1.JS,  '.ill,  222, 2.^7, 2.".^,  2(12, 2fi<),  2(i8,  :U)fl,  :?21,  :!2;»,  3;?'),  '.m,  :VX\,  1(10,  .m 
.J(ilJ,-ll2,42;!,4l>7,542,  549, 5(i0, 50:5, r)(Jit,(i()2,(>0:5,ti04,  tlOG  G()7.l)27,(i;{l,  (i:l2, li:i;i,  CA[\,{j>A) 

(i'.ii),  72:{. 

Srludnlc  H. 
4,  y,  11 ,  14,  U),  19, 20, 82, 25, 20,  'M,  :](i,  47, 51, 55. 

Schnhile  L. 

17,  IH,  20,  :?5,  30,  ;?4,  41 ,  42, 43,  .57,  00, 7ti,  SI,  85,  91, 98, 108, 114, 120, 130. 142, 143. 
These  jiersons  were  fonnd  ontitlcd  by  tht*  conmiission,  l>y  reason  of  theii-  (joinipction  I 
with  the  ]{e<l  Lake  anil  Pembina  bands,  but  their  a)>plications  were  rejeettid  lu'eiiiiM' ; 
they  api'eared,  accordinf;'  to  the  list  fnrnished  by  the  Department,  to  have  had  scrip  i 
issned  lo  them  nnder  tho  treaty  of  18,54.     Ihit  to  that  scrip  they  had  no  title  wlmtcver, 
and  from  theii-  api>lieationM  they  received  scarcely  any  benelit. 

I  respectfully  recommend  that,  .so  far  as  tht;  entries  in  tho  names  of  these  piirticscim 
bo  canceled,  these  half-breeds  may  be  put  npon  the  list  recommended  by  the.  coiiiiiiis- 1 
sion  as  entitled  to  recoivo  land  nnder  the  treaty  of  18()3  with  tho  Rod  Lakes  aud  Peiii- 1 
binas. 

Very  respectfully,  yonr  obedient  servant, 

EDW.  P.  SMITH, 
United  States  Indum  Agent, 
Hon.  F.  A.  WAI.KKI5, 

Commissioner  Jiidiun  Affairs,  IVa'^hiiKjIon,  D.  C, 


:  I 

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T  to  Mic  list  (if  iijiiiiosi 
toiiunission  oii  Hulf. 
(1  shown  liy  till'  fvi] 
lUko  Superior  treaty  j 

ch  are  ivs  follows,  by 


3:55,  :?r.(), :!'.«,  400, 405, 


,  130. 142,  Mn. 
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it,  to  iiiivo  liiiil  scrip  j 
lul  no  title  wluitever, 

iS  of  those,  piirticsciiu 
ndi'tl  by  tlui  conniiis- 
J{oil  Lukes  iinil  Pom-  j 


W.  P.  SMITH, 
ataivs  IndUnt  Aijent. 


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CIIII'PKWA    HALF-imEKDS    OF    T-AKK    SrPKRIOR. 


173 


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CHIPPEWA   HALF-IJREEDS    OF    LAKE    SUPERIOR. 


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Know  him:  he  lives  somewhere  in  tlie  seltlements; 
ean't   say  exaelly  w'lat  he   is   doiiii;:   .some  of  the 
halfliieeds  I  saw  viTv  often,  .siime  tive  or  six  times 
a  year,  .soiei.  most  e\ery   day;    never   kmw   them 
elsewhere. — Lonis  Girard. 

I  knew  two  larpe  families  of  this  name  lived  at  Fort 
Cirry. — 1  .  IJottineaii. 

All  the  jiionli'  :  Have  cv-     heard  of  of  this  name  live 
down  Ked  Iliver,  near  iort  tieny. — -f.  .J.  Hill. 

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CmrPEWA   HALF-HREEUS   OF    LAKE    SUPERIOR. 


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230 


CHIPPEWA  HALF-BREEDS  OF  LAKE  SUPERIOR. 


correspondence  with  the  general  land-office  relative  to  the 
lssue  of  lake  superior  chippewa  scrip  by  the  office  of  in- 
dian  affairs. 

Department  of  the  Interior, 

Office  of  Indian  Affairs, 

March  14, 1864. 
Sir  :  I  have  to  inform  you  that  this  Office  has  issued  scrij)  to  certain 
half-breeds,  under  the  treaty  of  September  30, 1854,  with  the  Cliippewas 
of  Lake  Superior,  for  eighty  acres  to  each  person,  as  follows,  viz : 
To  Elizabeth  Borup  and  Theodore  Borup.    Issued  September  29, 1863. 
To  Stephen  Eungo,  Nancy  Gheen,  Marianua  Wolcott,  and  Lizette 
William  Newago.    Issued  February  4, 1864.  , 

Very  respectfully,  your  obedient  servant, 

W.  P.  DOLE, 

Commissioner, 
Hon.  J.  M.  Edmunds, 

Commissioner  of  General  Land-Office. 


Department  of  the  Interior, 

Office  Indian  Affairs, 
,  April  20,  1864. 

Sir  :  I  have  to  inform  you  that  I  have  this  day  issued  certificates  of 
half-breed  scrip  for  Chippewas  of  Lake  Superior,  treaty  of  September 
30,  1854,  agreeably  to  the  decision  of  the  Secretary  of  the  Interior  of 
May  18, 1863,  to  the  following  persons,  viz : 


Roger  Aitkins, 
Margaret  Bastian, 
Angelic  Cloutier, 
Sopliia  E.  Cbampliu, 
Catharine  Ely, 
Beujaniin  Fairbanks, 
George  Fairbanks, 
Eustache  Jourdain, 
Lucy  Kliug, 


Mary  Ann  Legnie, 
Margaret  La  Flond, 
Alexis  La  Prarie, 
Janevive  McDonald, 
Sophia  Russel, 
Miirgaret  Roy, 
Eliza  V.  Sweet," 
John  Tanner,  and 
Truniuu  A.  Warreu. 


Very  respectfully,  your  obedient  servant, 

CHARLES  E.  MIX, 
Acting  Commissioner. 
Hon.  J.  M.  Edmunds, 

Commissioner  General  Land-Office. 


Department  of  the  Interior, 

Office  of  Indian  Affairs, 

April  29,  18G4. 

Sir:  I  have  to  inform  you  that,  under  a  decision  of  the  Secretary  of 
the  Interior,  dated  May  18,  1863,  and  with  his  approval,  this  Oftice,  on 
the  13th  instant,  issued  scrip  for  eighty  acres  each,  marked  B,  and 

[*  ludorsement  on  above  letter.] 

Entered  according  to  return  from  Indiau  Office,  April  2d,  1864,  EUmleth  Sweet 

D.  HARPER. 


CHIPPEWA   HALF-BREEDS   OF    LAKE    SUPERIOR. 


231 


I  -.A 


ELATIVE  TO  THE 
K   OFFICE  OF  IN- 


[OR, 

Affairs, 
March  14, 1864. 

1  scrij)  to  certain 
h  the  Cliippewas 
ollowa,  viz : 
pteruber  29, 1863. 
:ott,  and  Lizette 


Affairs, 
April  20, 1864. 

ed  certificates  of 
ty  of  September 
)t'  the  Interior  of 


;  E.  MIX, 

Commissioner. 


Affairs, 
April  29,  18G4. 

the  Secretary  of 

al,  this  Office,  on 

marked  13,  and 


'lizdhdh  Sireef. 
D.  UAKPER. 


numbered  a.s  follows  to  the  following  persons — treaty  1854  with  Chip- 
pewas  Lake  Superior,  viz : 


No. 

1.  Betsey  McDougal. 
•2.  Julia  E.  Lane. 
;i,  Sophia  Warren. 
4.  Margaret  Ciiabolis, 
').  Peter  Choinard. 

6.  George  H.  Oaks. 

7.  Jnlia  B.  Oaks. 

8.  Theresa  Roleau. 
!).  Margaret  Brnce. 

10.  Peter  Roy. 

11.  Elizabeth  Charrctt. 

12.  Mary  McDugal. 

13.  Tlieresa  Belconrt. 

14.  Mary  Pellard. 

15.  Elizabeth  Monchamp. 
l(i.  Catharine  Brunett. 

17.  Nancy  B.  Stillwell. 


No, 

18.  Julia  A.  Spears. 

19.  Matilda  Thoinpsou. 
'20.  Ann  Moore. 

21.  Alexis  Roy. 

'22.  Mary  Fairbanks. 

2',\,  Clement  H.  Banbien. 
Mariah  Baubien. 
Nancy  M>  Arthur.       , 
Fraiifoiso  McGillis.    ' 
Snsau  Montrielle. 
Mit<;hel  Compois. 
Charlotte  L.  Morrison- 
Sophia  Dufort. 
Elizabeth  BauWen. 


'24. 
25. 
26. 
'27. 

'28. 
29. 

m. 
:u. 

32. 
34. 


Catharine  Fairbanks. 
Angelique  Detour. 


Under  the  same  decision,  and  with  the  approval  of  the  Secretary  of 
the  Interior,  scrip  marked  C,  and  numbered  as  follows,  was  issued  on 
the  20th  instant  to  the  following  persons,  viz : 


No, 

1.  Roger  Aitkins. 

2.  Margaret  Bastian. 

3.  Angelic  Cloutier,    . 

4.  Sophiao  Champlin. 

5.  Catharine  Ely. 

6.  Benjamin  Fairbanks. 

7.  George  Fairbanks. 
^.  Eustaclie  Jonrdain. 
9.  Lucy  Kling. 


No. 

10.  Mary  Ann  Legrue. 

11.  Margaret  La  I'oud. 

12.  Alexis  Le  Prarie. 

13.  Janevive  McDonald. 

14.  Sophia  Eussel. 
l.^>.  Margaret  Roy. 

16.  Elizabeth  Sweet. 

17.  John  Tanner. 

18.  Truman  A.  Warren- 


Very  respectfully,  your  obedient  servant, 

Hon.  J.  M.  Edmunds, 

Commissioner  General  LandOiffice. 


W.  P.  DOLE, 

Commissioner. 


Department  of  the  Interior, 

Office  of  Indian  Affairs, 

Jtme  13,  1864. 
Sir:  I  bave  to  inform  you  that  I  have  issued,  under  direxition  of  the 
Secretary  of  the  Interior,  scrip  for  eighty  acres  each  to  the  mixed- 
bloods  belouging  to  the  Chippewas  of  Lake  Superior,  as  provided  for 
by  treaty  of  1854.  Said  scrip  is  marked  0,  and  numbered  as  follows, 
viz: 


■f'X'  '.'• 


i  l.'J 


''..     \i\ 


>.,■■:,>,. 


'■xt\ 


No. 

19.  Amanda  Ashniund. 
iO.  Koleau  Archange. 
21.  Lucy  Biddle. 
"22.  Micliael  Baierger. 

23.  Augustus  Baierger. 

24.  Charlotte  Cardotte. 

25.  John  Chapman. 

26.  Henry  Cotte. 

27.  James  Chapman, 

28.  Eiza  Chart. 


No. 

29.  Francis  S.  Gurnoe. 

30.  .Folin  B.  Gurnoe. 

31.  Louis  Gurnoe. 

32.  .lames  Gibway. 

33.  Alexis  La  Prairie,  '2d. 

34.  Margaret  Folstrom. 

35.  Nancy  Folstrom. 

36.  Sarah  Furnear- 

37.  Peter  Bruce. 


The  foregoing  were  dated  May  11,  1864. 


1- 

'r-: 

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■.:  t-i 

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232 


CHIPPEWA    HALF-BREEDS    OF    LAKE    SUPERIOR. 


No. 

;W.  Margaret  Bonnot. 

[VJ.  I'eter  ¥01111^. 

40.  SiiHan  La  Prairie,  2. 

4L  Autoiiie  UarHtoii. 

42.  John  Bte.  Gosler. 


No. 

43.  William  Piqnette. 

44.  AujiustUH  Default. 

45.  Francis  Bird. 

4().  JoHuph  Mailwa^inan. 
47.  Antuiue  Ma(hva<;nian. 


ISo.  38  was  dated  May  25, 1864 ;  and  Nos.  31)  to  47,  June  13.  1804. 
Very  respectfully,  your  obedient  servant, 

W.  P.  DOLE, 

Commimoner. 
Hon.  J.  M.  Edmunds, 

Comnmsioner  General  Land-Office. 


Department  of  the  Interior, 
Office  of  Indian  Affairs, 
August  29, 1864. 
Sir  :   I  inclose  herewith  an  additional  list  of  names  of  parties  to 
whom  scrip  for  eighty  acres  of  land  each,  under  treaty  of  1854  with 
the  Chippewas  of  Lake  Superior,  has  been  issued  by  this  Office.    Said 
scrip  is  numbered  48  C  to  107  0,  inclusive,  and  dated  August  25, 
1864. 

Very  respectfully,  yom  obedient  servant, 

W.  P.  DOLE, 

Commissioner. 
Hon.  J.  M.  Edmunijs, 

Commissioner  General  Land- Office. 

List  of  scrip  marked  €,  issued  August  25,  1864,  under  t-eafy  of  1854    with  Chipj)eivas  of 

Lake  Superior. 


No. 

48.  John  B.  Cnlleu. 

49.  Snsau  Cullcn. 

50.  Isabel  La  Vicrge.    - 

51.  Francois  La  Vierge. 

52.  Celia  Sweat. 

53.  Mary  A.  Dariot. 

54.  Jennie  Roan. 

55.  MathewMadwaguan. 
5fi.  Isabel  Cliatlaiu. 

."iT.  Mary  Gallic. 

58.  France.s  Massey. 

59.  Susan  Bruce. 
CO.  John  Folstroni. 

CI.  Margaret  R.  Folstroni. 

62.  Elizabeth  liivier. 

63.  Louis  Brunelle. 

64.  Pierre  Roy. 

65.  Marion  Bruce. 

66.  Mary  Steel. 

67.  Peter  F.  Bouchea. 
(W.  Mary  Lenvelle. 
C9.  Susan  Laprarie. 

70.  Oharlotte  Shaw. 

71.  Simon  Gurnoe. 

72.  Mary  J.  Stafford. 

73.  hela  J.  Chaiunan. 

74.  Maria  Duvernay. 

75.  Charlotte  Crocliiere. 

76.  Justine  Uousain. 

77.  Julie  Confoi.K. 


No. 

78.  Betsey  Brown. 

79.  J.  Bte.  Bowdrie. 

80.  Mary  Piquette. 

81.  Joseph  Bowdrie. 
8'4.  Joseph  Herbert.. 

83.  Felicitie  Contoix. 

84.  George  Brown. 

85.  Louis  Contoix. 

86.  Mario  Shaw. 

87.  Julie  Nolin. 

88.  Marie  Lessard. 

89.  Genevieve  Erniatinger. 

90.  Zavier  Noliu. 

91.  Archange  Cadotte. 

92.  Isabelle  Cadotte. 

93.  Jane  Jiasson. 

94.  .Joseph  Meniclier. 

95.  Edward  Ashman. 

96.  Charles  Gunioe. 

97.  Charlotte  Forcier. 

98.  Charlotte  Conton. 

99.  Joseph  Jibway. 

100.  Charles  Cadotte. 

101.  Louis  Cadotte. 

102.  Julia  Sutherland. 

103.  Angelic  Ojibway. 

104.  Paul  H.  Baulien. 

105.  Arehange  Bronchaud, 

106.  Margaret  Bison. 

107.  Antoine  Bison. 


Noted  in  Indian  Record  Book,  Bloss's  Division,  September  21,  1804. 

MENDENIIALL. 


ne  13.  1804. 


JommiitHioner. 


'ommisatoner. 


with  Chippeivas  of 


ber  21,  18(14. 
)ENHALL. 


CHIPPEWA   HALF-BREEDS    OP   LAKE   SUPERIOR. 


233 


Department  of  the  Interior, 

Office  of  Indian  Affairs, 

November  12, 1864. 
Sir  :  I  have  to  inform  you  that  I  have,  by  direction  of  the  Secretary 
of  the  Interior,  issued  scrip  for  eighty  acres  each,  to  the  following-named 
half-breeds  of  the  Chippewas  of  Lake  Superior,  under  the  provisions  of 
tlie  treaty  of  18.54  with  that  tribe,  viz  : 


r^^'pi 

f     ,.1.,  ''- 

:  ^"k|.:' 

i  1^  , ; 

(;■(■.■* 

So. 

lOH.  diaries  Jeroux. 
10!>.  Maria  Chapman. 
110.  Mary  Chapman. 
HI.  Genevier  Default. 

112.  John  B.  Crane. 

113.  Jane  Gurnoe. 

114.  Jane  McCoy.  ' 
11.5.  Jo8ei)hine  Brnnelle. 

116.  Theressa  Sheaver. 

117.  Joseph  Brnnelle. 

118.  Almira  Cressey. 

119.  Isabel  Visner. 

120.  Mary  F.  Bissina. 

121.  Emily  Sheryea. 

The  foregoing  were  numbered 
August  25,  1864. 


No. 

122.  Sophia  Gervais. 

123.  Margaret  Baldwin. 

124.  Lucy  Victory.  ' 

125.  Mary  Martin. 

126.  Elizabeth  Dona. 

127.  Oliver  Slieryea. 

128.  Lizzie  Moran. 

129.  Bazil  Jourdain. 

130.  Francis  Leith. 

131.  Isac  La  Bissina. 

132.  Mary  Aurelia. 

133.  Mary  Charbonis.  ; 

134.  Stephen  Pepin. 

135.  Magdaline  Sheryea. 

as  above,  marked  letter  C,  and  dated 


■  r  ■  -.  *  '  •      'I 


.1/ 


mm 


Xo. 

136. 

137. 

138. 

139. 

140. 

141. 


Cicilia  Amelia. 
Louis  Amelia. 
Mary  A.  Laterell. 
Siustache  Bel((»urt. 
John  B.  Belcourt. 
Angelic  McBoal. 

142.  Joseph  Piper. 

143.  Margaret  McCoy. 

144.  Antoine  McCoy. 

145.  Benjamin  La  Fond. 

146.  Mary  Turpin. 

147.  Mary  A.  Claremont. 

148.  Mary  Sloan. 

149.  Gabriel  Demarais. 

150.  Xsiver  Demarais. 
I'll.  Louis  Demarivis. 
152.  Zavier  Demarais. 

The  foregoing  were  numbered  as  above,  marked  letter  C,  and  dated 
November  4  and  5,  1864. 


No. 

153.  Margaret  Price. 
1,54.  Genevier  Labot. 
155.  Fraufoise  Labot. 

1.56.  Genevier  Turpin. 

1.57.  Margaret  Bibo. 

158.  Nancy  Vanare. 

159.  Genette  Traverse. 

160.  Josette  St.  Clair. 

161.  .Tames  Morrison. 

162.  Margaret  Fairbanks. 

163.  Margaret  Charboise. 

164.  Franpise  Bellair. 

165.  .Tenette  Brunette. 

166.  Frangoise  Brunette. 

167.  Peter  Brnnelle. 

168.  Madaline  La  Roche. 

169.  Charlotte  Price. 


170.  Isabel  Williams. 

171.  Antoine  Baierger, 

172.  Lucy  H.  Farais. 

173.  S(»phia  Lambert. 

174.  Jolin  Ste.  Beauvine. 

175.  Robert  Beauvine. 

176.  Benjamin  Beauvine. 

177.  Maria  Beauvine. 
17H.  .Josette  Bowdoin. 

179.  Margaret  Bone. 

180.  Mary  Morringer. 


No.  .    . 

181.  Sophia  Belanger. 

182.  Joseph  Lagarde. 

183.  Charlotte  Bowdoin. 

184.  Susan  Raume. 

185.  William  Raume. 

186.  Margaret  Gabeshcaug. 

187.  Isabel  Bone. 

188.  Lizer  Paul. 

189.  Angelic  Bowdoin. 

190.  Angelic  La  Coy. 

191.  Jean  Bte.  Rauine. 


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The  foregoing  were  numbered  as  above,  dated  November  12,  and 
marked  C. 

Very  respectfully,  your  obedient  servant, 

WM.  P.  DOLE, 

Commissioner. 
Hon.  J.  M.  Edmunds, 

Commissioner  General  Land- Office. 


. "   -I    i^ 


234 


CHIPPEWA    HALF-nREEDS   OP   LAKE   SUPERIOR. 


_  i^  Department  of  the  Interior, 

i  '■  Office  of  Indian  xVffairs, 

December  3, 1864. 
Sir:  I  have  to  iiitbrrii  you  that,  nntlcr  tlie  directions  of  tii«',  Swiietary 
of  the  Interior,  I  have  ismied  Mcrip  for  eighty  acres  each  to  the  following 
mixed- bloods  of  the  (Jhippewao  of  Lake  Superior,  treaty  of  1854,  with 
that  tribe,  vi^,  dated  November  25,  18U4  : 


N«.. 

'idli.  Francis  Tnrpiii. 

W,\.  Margaret  BuhIi.         ,  .^ 

204.  JoHeph  BrmiHtto. 

805.  JoMuph  8t.e.  Germaiu. 

2W<,  .John  Bto.  Ste.  Gi-nnain. 

207.  William  Ste.  Germain. 

20H.  Mary  Ste.  Germain. 

20y.  Tlierese  Daroit. 

210.  Margaret  Ross. 


No. 

192.  Jane  Kiilcoal. 

193.  Margaret  B(!lcourt.    , 

194.  Joseph  Niilau. 

195.  Joseph  BeUanger. 

196.  Cecelia  Tiirpin. 

197.  Josetta  Tuipin. 

198.  Angelique  Tiirpin. 

199.  Batiste  Turpin. 
300.  Joseph  Turpin. 
'201.  Amabell  Turpin. 

The  foregoing  are  marked  letter  C ;  Nos.  192  and  204,  inclusive,  are 
dated  November  25,  1804,  and  the  remaining  numbers  are  of  this  date, 
(December  3,  1804.) 

Very  respectfully,  your  obedient  servant, 

WM.  P.  DOLE, 

Commissioner. 
Hon.  J.  M.  Edmunds, 

Commissioner  General  Land- Office. 


Department  of  the  Interior, 

Office  of  Indian  Affairs, 

December  8,  1864. 

Sir  :  I  have  to  inform  you  that  I  have  this  day,  under  directions  of 
the  Secretary  of  the  Interior,  issued  scrip  for  eighty  acres  of  land  each 
to  the  following  mixed-bloods  of  the  Chippewas  of  Lake  Superior,  treaty 
of  1854,  at  La  Pointe,  viz : 


No. 

211.  Angelic  Bonchor. 

212.  Charlotte  Boucher. 

213.  Margaret  Boucher. 

214.  Citalqne  Miron. 

215.  John  Bte.  Laloche. 

216.  Joseph  Davenport. 

217.  Henry  Davenport. 

218.  Polly  Johnson. 

219.  Sophia  .Johnson. 


No. 

220.  La  Louise  Piquette. 

221.  Fran^oise  Piquette. 

222.  John  Bte.  Piquette. 

223.  Charles  Lnuisignant. 

224.  Benjamin  Louisignant. 

225.  Joseph  Louisignant. 

226.  Alexis  Pelotte. 

227.  Ignace  Pelotte.  • 

228.  Leflet  Choinard. 


The  scrip  is  marked  letter  C,  and  numbered  as  above. 
Very  respectfully,  your  obedient  servant, 

WM.  P.  DOLE, 

Commimoner 
Hon.  J.  M.  Edmunds, 

Commissioner  General  Land-Office. 


Department  of  the  Interior, 

Office  of  Indian  Affairs, 

January  16,  1803. 

Sir  :  I  have  to  inform  yon  that,  under  direction  of  the  Secretary  of 
the  Interior,  I,  on  the  14th  instant,  issued  scrip  for  eighty  acres  each  to 


CHIPPEWA  HALF-BREEDS    OF   LAKE    SUPERIOR. 


235 


the  following  mixed-bloods  of  the  Ohippewas  of  Lake  Superior,  treaty 
of  1854,  at  La  Pointe,  viz,  letter  C  : 


Xo. 

■m. 
•2;«i. 
•2:51. 
•.>;i2. 
•m. 
•m. 

•23.')*. 

•m. 
w. 
■m. 
-m. 

•240. 
•241. 
•24i2. 


Mnrin  Dnfault. 
Michael  La  Loclie. 
Jiistiiio  JohiiHon. 
JoMeph  Marchannd. 
John  ISto.  Choniiiard. 
Pbilinion  Roy. 
Julia  Clioiiiiiard. 
William  Spoiice. 
Paul  Losee. 
Antoiiie  Morgan. 
SiiHUn  Holinan. 
JanioH  Tanner. 
Margaret  Tanner. 
Margaret  Laniedrey. 
Mary  Leuarre. 


No. 

24;i.  Margaret  Bon  tain. 
244.  David  DeMJurlais. 
24.').  Louis  Desjerlais. 

246.  Francis  Desjerlais. 

247.  Raphael  Lesarte. 

248.  Joseph  Rcasliu. 

249.  Susan  Reashe. 

250.  Margaret  Huot.         ; 
2'A.  Susan  Dugas. 

252.  Louise  Wren. 

2.');{.  Margaret  Burcheran, 

254.  Basil  Burcheran. 

255.  Sevier  Burcheran. 

256.  John  B.  Reashe. 

257.  Margaret  Coutier, 


Very  respectfully,  your  obedient  servant. 


Hon.  J.  M.  Edmunds, 

Commissioner  General  Land -Office. 


W.  P.  DOIiE, 

Commissioner. 


Department  of  the  Interior, 

Office  of  Indian  Affairs, 

February  11,  18G5. 
Sir  :  I  have  to  inform  you  that,  by  direction  of  the  Secretary  of  the 
Interior,  scrip  has  been  issued  by  this  Office  to  the  following  mixed- 
bloods  of  the  Chippewas  of  Lake  Superior,  under  the  provisions  of  the 
treaty  of  1854,  at  La  Pointe,  viz : 


No.  No. 
■258.  Charlotte  Gauthier.                                 i  259. 

Dated  January  27, 1865,  letter  C. 

No.  No. 

•2fiO.  Emily  Reashe.  273. 

261.  Cicile  Roy.  274. 

'262.  Robert  Fairljanks.  275. 

263.  Louise  Pellican.  276. 

•264.  Fraiifoise  Prachie.  277. 

•265.  Madeline  Le  Mav.  278. 

266.  Charlotte  Larivee.  279. 

'267.  Autoine  La  Comt.  280. 

268.  Amable  La  Comt.  281. 

■269.  Eunice  La  Prairie.  282. 

•270.  John  Daloua.  283. 

'271.  Mary  Daniels.  284. 
■272.  Josette  Chaboilley. 


Pophia  Gauthier. 


Charles  Charette. 
Alice  Cardotte. 
Agate  Cardotte. 
Archange  Branchaud. 
Autoine  F.  Bisson. 
Louise  Brunelle. 
Pierre  Burcheran. 
Louise  Brisette. 
Jack  Bonga. 
Augustus  Bellanger. 
Margarett  T.  Bissou. 
Sophia  Bellefueille. 


The  foregoing  scrip  was  issued  January  31, 1805,  numbered  as  above, 
and  marked  C. 

In  my  letter  to  you  of  Ifoveniber  12,  1804,  the  name  of  Fran^oise 
McCoy,  to  whom  scrip  (No.  155^  0)  was  issued  November  4,  1864,  was 
inadvertently  omitted. 

Very  respectfuUv,  your  obedient  servant, 

W.  P.  DOLE, 

Commissioner. 
Hon.  J.  M.  Edmunds, 

Commissioner  General  Land- Office. 


:,r-. 

,  1    I  • 


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4 


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Hi 

236 


CHIPPEWA    HALF-BREEDS   OF   LAKE   SUPERIOR. 


Department  of  the  Inteuiou, 

Office  OF  Indian  Affairs, 

March  27, 1805. 
Sir  :  I  havo  to  infortn  you  that  under  the  direction  of  tlie  Secretary 
of  the  Interior,  I  have  issued  scrip  for  eighty  acres  of  land  to  eacli  of 
the  following  mixed-bloods,  belonging  to  the  Chippewas  of  Lake  Supe- 
rior, treaty  of  1851,  at  La  Pointe,  viz  : 


No. 

2dr>.  MiirKiirot  Barotto. 
2H6.  JoHophinu  KiihIio. 

287.  Fraii^oiNe  Lesiirto. 

288.  John  McOillis. 


No. 

y89. 

2JK). 

21)1. 

292. 


Chnrlotte  Piiron. 
RoHotto  Riulo. 
.John  A.  Roy. 
Edward  Soiivo. 


Issued  February  17,  ISCS,  and  marked  C 


No. 

29.3.  MarKiirot  Corbin. 
294.  Catharino  Osargie. 
29.5.  CliarleM  E.  KoiiHMain. 

296.  Chadotto  Btdhur. 

297.  Ei.'ward  Bhincliard. 

298.  Re*iben  Chapman. 

299.  Sr.san  Cardotte. 

300.  Jost^tte  Cloutitir. 

301.  Margaiet  Gauthier. 

302.  Josettu  LaHseur. 
30.'}.  John  MiurinKer. 

304.  Michael  Moningor. 

305.  Peter  Me  Parian. 


No. 

306.  Charlotte  MoFarlaii. 

307.  Antoino  Martin. 
30H.  Anfjelio  Martin. 

309.  David  Mavchand. 

310.  NiehohiH  Menechier. 

311.  Charles  Meneidiier. 

312.  Benjamin  Moriu. 

313.  Louis  Nolin. 

314.  FranQoise  Nolin. 

315.  Charles  Roussain. 

316.  John  Bte.  Robidous. 

317.  Nancy  A.  Warner. 


Issued  February  20,  18G5,  and  marked  0. 


No. 


318.  Elizabeth  Bonga. 

319.  Joseph  Conrnette. 

320.  Mary  Evaqnc. 

321.  Joseph  McCoy. 

Issued  February  25,  18G5,  and  marked  C 


No. 

322.  Hetsey  Mickley. 

323.  Lonise  Lesarte. 

324.  Pierre  Sausconce. 


No. 
325. 
•326. 
327. 
328. 
329. 
330. 


William  Atkins. 
Josel  to  Brunette. 
Fraiivoise  Brunette. 
Batiste  Brunette. 
John  Brown. 
John  B.  Bulanger. 

331.  George  Bonga. 

332.  Batiste  Des  Jardon. 


No. 

333.  Robert  Des  .Jardon. 

334.  Joseph  Des  Jardon. 

335.  Julia  La  Cha|)elle. 

336.  Eliza  Mevon. 

337.  William  Herbert. 

338.  Catharine  Herbert. 
:339.  John  B.  Bertram. 


Issued  March  2,  1865,  and  marked  C. 


No. 
1. 
2. 
3. 
4. 


Joseph  Blair. 
Julia  Cornick. 
Peter  Daniel. 
•Joseph  Lh  Grue. 

5.  Peter  Rashe. 

6.  Norbort  Allie. 

7.  Alexander  Bibilon. 

8.  Andrew  Chcnquay. 

9.  Fraucoise  Cheuquay. 

10.  Margaret  Cheuquay. 

11.  John  Bte.  Cheuquay. 

12.  Augustus  Ciienquay. 

13.  Edward  Felix. 


No. 

14.  Amalle  Fouruier. 

15.  Fran^ioise  Fouruier. 

16.  .John  Fouruier. 

17.  Moses  French. 

18.  Ilerfc  Jenereux. 

19.  Ang<flic  .Jenereux. 

20.  Angelic  Marchand. 

21.  Daniel  McCann. 

22.  Duncan  Porter. 

23.  Andrew  Pricourt. 

24.  William  Pepin. 

25.  Edward  St.  Arnaud. 


Issued  March  16, 1865,  and  marked  D. 


CHIPPEWA  HAL! -BREEDS  OF  LAKE  SUPERIOR. 


237 


Nn. 


•Hi.  I'ioiTo  ])ollan(;er. 
•j7.  Miiry  Diifiujiul. 
•i".  KoHiilii^  OauMiier. 


No, 

itO.  Catliiirino  Uoiidon. 

:<U,  LoiiJH  KoikIuii. 


Issuetl  March  22,  1865,  and  marked  D. 

Very  respectfully,  your  obedient  servant, 

W.  1*.  DOLE,  Commmioncr. 
Hon.  J.  M.  Edmunds, 

Commimioner  Qeneral  Land-Office. 


mM 


Department  of  the  Interior, 

Office  of  Indian  Affairs, 

May  25,  1805. 

Sir  :  I  liave  to  inform  you  that  by  direction  of  the  Secretary  of  the 
Interior,  I  iiave  issued  scrip  for  eighty  acres  each,  to  certain  mixed- 
bloods  of  the  Chippewas  of  Lake  Superior,  treaty  of  1854,  at  La  Pointe, 

viz : 


No. 

;U.  Coiitoix,  Ciltlierine. 
32.  AdaiiiH,  .JoHcph. 
'X.\.  Andrews,  William. 
:{4.  Aiidrows,  Jolm. 
.'{5.  Aiidnnvs,  Margaret. 
:«).  Briiiiotto,  .Jean  Bte. 
;i7.  Boiidoiii,  Mario  A. 
38.  Bluiicbard,  Joseph  B. 
31).  Blaiicluird,  Henry. 

40.  Chcverenx,  Francis. 

41.  Deniarais,  Victory. 

42.  Donnell,Mary. 

43.  Doupliinais,  Theophild. 

44.  DouphinaiH,  Hyacinth. 

45.  Douphiiniis,  Mary. 
40.  Fairbanks,  William. 
47.  Grabani,  Henry. 

Issued  May  4,  1865,  letter  D. 

No. 

65.  Blondin,  Esther. 

66.  Blondin,  Panl. 

67.  Belgard,  Lonis. 

68.  Belgard.  Margaret. 

69.  Blow,  John  B. 

70.  Blow,  Antoine. 

71.  Blow,  Margaret. 

72.  Bottinean,  Mary  R. 

73.  Bottinean,  John  B. 

74.  Batosb,  Julia. 

75.  Batosh,  Lonis. 

76.  Bushe,  Fran^oise. 

77.  Bnshe,  Josetto. 

78.  Beanpri,  Josette. 

79.  Cbainpaigno,  .Jean  B. 

80.  Chanipaigiie,  Minuel. 

81.  Chanipaigiie,  Isabella. 

82.  Chanipaigiie,  Mary. 

83.  Charbenean,  Victoria. 

84.  Charbenean,  John  B. 

85.  Carrier,  Tberesse. 

86.  Carrier,  Fraiifoise. 

87.  Carribeau,  Antoiue. 

88.  Carribeau,  Ellen. 

89.  Carribeau,  Mary. 

90.  Carribeau,  Joseph. 

91.  Charrette,  Baptiste. 

92.  Charrette,  Angelic. 

93.  Caplet,  John  B. 


No. 

4H.  rirahani,  Mary. 

41).  Jackebear,  Louis. 

.50.  Jackebear,  Autwain. 

51.  .Jackebear,  Mary. 

.'>2.  Lord,  Margaret. 

53.  Le  May,  Margaret. 

.54.  I'ond,  Angnstns. 

55.  Pond,  Louis. 

.56.  Pelky,  Victoria. 

.57.  Reculle,  Rosalie. 

.58.  Recolle,  Mary. 

.51).  Roy,  Mar^jaret. 

60.  Sayro,  Elizabeth, 

(il.  Slater,  Alexander. 

62.  Severt,  Margaret. 

63.  Troc<iuer,  Rosalie. 

64.  Warner,  Mary  E. 


No. 

94.  Caplet,  Madeline. 

95.  Caplin,  Paulett. 

96.  Caplin,  Margaret. 

97.  Demarais,  Margaret,  sr. 
1)8.  Demarais,  Margaret,  jr. 
1)9.  Demarais,  Fran^oise,  sr. 

100.  Demarais,  Francoise,  jr. 

101.  Frederick,  Louise. 

102.  Frederick,  Mary  Ann. 

103.  Frederick,  Joseph. 

104.  Grant,  Narcisse. 

105.  Grant,  Margaret. 

106.  Grant,  Julia. 

107.  Grant,  Charles. 

108.  Gladne,  Gcuvive. 

109.  Gagnon,  Joseph. 

110.  Goulet,  Elizard. 

111.  Grandboise,  Emely. 

112.  Grandboise,  Margaret. 

113.  Grandboise,  Isabella. 

114.  Grandboise,  Pierre. 

115.  Grandlioiso,  Michel. 

116.  Goddon,  Louis. 

117.  Gleadue,  Charles. 
117i.Genvieu,  Peter. 

118.  Henri,  Andres. 

119.  Henri,  Michel. 

120.  Hariuau,  Edward. 

121.  Henry,  Marie. 


i*'' : 


.    -  .    ■  X 


^"'■'■i.-t-'' 


U'ilJm 


rlJ-sl 


238 


CHIPPEWA   HALF-BREEDS   OP   LAKE   SUPERIOR. 


Ni.. 

lU'i.  .Iiironii-,  .ItTonws 

i'^:i.  .roriiiiic,  Kii/.iiiM'tli. 

121.  J<-roiiit>,  Diivul. 

\'i7h  JiTiiiiic,  Miiiniin^t,  HI/ 

ri(i.  .Ft^oinc,  MiiiyiHct,  Jr. 

l'^7.  tici'oint',  Aiindio. 

I'iH.  .Fcroiiir,  LiiiiiN. 

1*,>1».  Kittson.  Klizii. 

i:iO.  I^ii  Itixk,  AihIicw. 

1111.  LiMliiiiNh't'  Ktuil. 

Vl'i.  LfJiiiiiiisH,  'I'licrt'Mc. 

i:{;t.  Liiniiint,  Miirii'. 

134.  Liiraiiiil,  raiil. 

ll<r>.  Lt!t*-iiili'<-,  Miirp^iiret,  Hr. 

V.W.  LcttMulic,  Miirniinst.Jr. 

l:{7.  LiitViiiiilioiHc,  Miii'id. 

V.\f.  LiitVaiiilxiiMi',  liOiiJH. 

I'M).  Liit'niinlioiHi!,  NiireiMHe. 

14(».  Lal'niiiilioiMd,  Maiy  Ann. 

141.  La(|iii',  Francis. 
14U.La(ini',  Mary. 

142.  Lt*r<Mpn',  Sophia. 
14:<.  lioroqni!,  Jostiph. 
144.  Lutunilrt),  .lohn  H. 
14r>.  MoniHtitto,  Ars«ne. 

146.  Monisftttj,  Julia. 

147.  Menii,  Alary. 
14H.  Menii,  FraiH'oise. 
141).  Montricnl,  Isabella. 
ir>().  MontritMil,  .lohn  13. 
ir)l.  Montri«Mil  Margaret,  i 


No. 

irv,\.  Moutrienl,  Catht-rino. 
ir>4.  Martcl,  liaptistc 
15.5.  Niilaii,  (Jlnkrlottu. 
].''>(!.  Nolin.John  1). 
iri7.  i'iciinl,  Louis. 
l.'iH.  I'icard,  Mar^iarot. 
WJ.  I'i<;anl,  I'aui.t. 
KiO.  Pcrantean,  .Josttph,  m; 
Uil.  liichard,  Jositpli. 
Ui'2.  Ilainville,  Franvois. 
UiH.  Hoyard,  Loniso,  sr. 
I(i4.  tSoyard,  Loniso,  jr. 
It),').  8oyard,  I'fter,  sr. 
Ititi,  Hoyard,  I'etcr,  Jr. 
I(i7.  Sayt't,  .Joseph. 
1()H.  iSayist,  Louise. 
1(><.>.  Vali,  Joseph. 

170.  Vali,  Tousiuit. 

171.  Vali,  Louise. 

172.  Vihienve,  Angelic. 
17;{.  Vivien,  Louis. 
174.  Viviver,  Franvoise. 
17.').  Viviver,  Genoviove. 
17ti.  Purdon,  Jean  Bte. 

177.  Haptiste,  Francis. 

178.  Roy,  Michael. 

179.  Roy,  Sophia. 

180.  Sansousis,  Augustine. 

181.  Sansousis,  Pierre. 

182.  SauHousin,  Michael. 
IKi.  Rogers,  James. 


No. 

18(5.  Chainier,  Margaret. 


152.  Moutrienl  Joseph. 

I8.suea  May  10,  18G5,  letter  D. 

No. 

184.  Ciiaiiiicr,  Frances. 

185.  Chainier,  .Josetto. 

Issued  May  12,  1805,  letter  D. 

Very  respectfully,  your  obedient  servant, 

W.  P.  DOLE,  Commissioner. 
Hon.  J.  M.  Edmunds,  Commissioner  General  Land-Office. 


Department  of  the  Interior, 
Offioe  of  Indian  Affairs, 

September  2,  1808. 

Sir  :  By  direction  of  Hon.  W.  T.  Otto,  Acting-  Secretary  of  the  lute 
rior,  contained  in  letter  addressed  to  this  Office,  dated  the  27th  nltiiiio. 
1  have  the  honor  to  inclose  herewith  a  copy  of  a  list  embracing-  the 
names  of  one  hundred  and  thirteen  mixed-bloods  belonging  to  the  Chip- 
pewas  of  Lake  Superior,  claiming  laud  under  the  seventh  clau.se  of  tiie 
second  article  [of  the  treaty]  concluded  with  the  Chippewa  Indians  ot 
Lake  Superior  and  the  Mi8sissii)pi,  Se])tember  30,  1854,  (Statutes  at 
Large,  vol.  10,  p.  1110,)  to  whom  certificates  were  issued  under  date  ot 
the  31st  ultimo,  in  accordance  with  the  order  of  the  Hon.  Acting  Secre- 
tary, indorsed  on  said  list,  dated  the  2Gth  uUimo,  (a  copy  of  which  is 
given,)  which  order  also  directs  this  notification  to  you. 

I  also  inclose  herewith  a  form  of  the  certificate  issued  to  said  mixed 
bloods,  in  which  you  will  observe  that  it  is  provided  that  the  mixed- 
bloods  to  whom  the  certificate  is  issued  will,  upon  presentation  of  the 
same  at  a  local  land-office  having  jurisdiction,  be  entitled  to  select  from 
any  of  the  vacant  lauds,  surveyed  or  unsurveyed,  which  were  ceded  to 
the  United  States  by  the  said  treaty  of  September  30,  1854,  eighty  acios 
of  land,  and  that  a  patent  shall  be  issued  to  said  mixed-bloods  in  the 
usual  form  therefor. 


t  I 


CICII'PEWA   HALF-BREEDS   OP   LAKE   SUPERIOR, 


239 


Commissioner, 


ERIOR, 

Affairs, 

mihvr  2,  1808. 
iry  of  the  Inte- 
the  27th  nit i mo. 
einbracinji  the 
inj>tothe  Chip- 
th  chiU.se  of  the 
ewa  Indians  ot 
54,  (Statutes  at 
1  under  date  ot 
I.  Acting  Secre- 
py  of  which  is 

to  said  mixed 
;hat  the  mixed- 
leutation  of  the 
d  to  sehn't  from 
were  ceded  to 
54,  eighty  iicros 
d-bloods  in  the. 


You  are  therefore  respectfully  requented  to  iustru(!t  the  regjstei.s  and 
K'ceivnH  of  the  local  hiud-oltlces  having  Jurisdiction,  to  re(!eive  «ayl  cer- 
titlcatos,  agreeable  to  the  terms  thereof  a.s  directed  by  the  Hon.  At^ting 
Secretary  in  sai«l  order  of  the  20th  ultimo. 

Very  respectfully,  vour  obedient  servant, 

CUARLB8  E.  MIX, 

Aetiny  Commissioner. 
Hon.  Joseph  S.  Wilson, 

Commissioner  General  Land- Office. 


!  1      ■! 


*-,^  11 


1    Cliurltm  Hdttineau.                           ' 

58.  Ji.hn  B.  Fian. 

•/    HtMiiy  Holliiiijjor. 

T)!),  Margret  Delornie. 

:i,"  Li/.titto  Uoycr. 

<;i>.  Bazil  Delornie. 

4.  MiiiKiirot  Hrcnciui. 

(il.  Matleline  Ducept. 

;').  IMiilaritt)  Uciuichiimin. 

i'y'i.  Marie  Gagnon. 

(I.  Muriit  HiMiiirliiiiuin. 

()3.  Michel  Dncert. 

7.  Miii)?r«!t  llt'iiiril,  (inotber.) 

<i4.  Pierre  Ducjpt. 

t*.  ili'iiry  H.  Ui-aulioM. 

().').  Sophie  Di.ehurui. 

11.  MiU'Kn't  liiMiiid,  (diiuyUter.) 

(i(>.  Adelia  Dumas. 

10.  ElUiii  Boniid. 

(17.  Marie  Derosier. 

11.  Aii;^«ili()  Beiiuclianip. 

()8.  Joseph  Dagneau. 

1'.^.  Aiitoiiiu  BiMiiieliunip. 

(i'J    Genevieve  Dagneun. 

in.  Angelic  Ciiplet. 

70.  Madeline  Dagneau. 

14.  Alexis  Co(nie. 

71.  Margret  Dejurdin. 

1.').  Mai'Kiiret  UiiainpaiKue. 

72.  John  B.  Dejardiu. 

Hi.  Pierre  Chiiiiiimigue. 

7:5.  Mary  L.  Qninn. 

17.  SuHftii  Carier 

74.  Marie  Livelet. 

18.  Josette  Coqne. 

7r).  Margret  Pipier. 

19.  .loMotte  Carier. 

7().  Andre  Lesporance. 

aO.  Catherine  Dond. 

77.  A^athu  Laraunce. 

•21.  Pierre  Diiniain. 

78.  I/,iard  Lagimouiere. 

2'i.  Josette  Diiuiain. 

79.  Sura  Lnginiuniere. 

2:5.  Isabella  Porauteau. 

80.  Charles  Leroque. 

'24.  .Tolin  K.  Peranteau. 

81.  Marie  Marion. 

2.').  Marie  Porantean. 

82.  Josette  Martet. 

26.  .Joseph  Peranteau,  jr. 

83.  Pascal  Mantour. 

27.  Louis  Peranteau. 

84.  Madeline  Mantour. 

28.  Susan  Peranteau. 

85.  Margret  Nolan. 

29.  Angelic  Peranteau. 

86.  Angelic  Nolan. 

'.\0.  Madeline  Soyard. 

87.  Francis  Nolan. 

:U.  Louis  Vandall. 

88.  Augustiu  Nolan. 

:i2.  Isabella  Vandall, 

89.  Genvieve  Nolin. 

liH.  Josette  Vivier. 

90.  Margret  Nolin. 

:{4.  Susan  Richard. 

91.  Pascal  Parisieu. 

lif).  .T(>seph  Richard,  jr. 

92.  Marie  Plant. 

:!().  Margret  Richard. 

93.  Catherine  Prieaux. 

;i7.  Louis  Smith. 

94.  Emily  Smith. 

li-i.  Margret  Brosseau. 

95.  Marie  Sir<5. 

li'.l.  Josette  Lejeniognier. 

90.  George  i^iiv6. 

40.  Mario  Lcjeniognier. 

97.  Nancy  Small. 

41.  Marie  Lauiulre. 

98.  William  Small. 

42.  Josette  Lucie. 

99.  Mary  Anne  Veaudrie. 

43.  Josette  Lefraniboise. 

100.  Tousaint  Voudrie. 

44.  Thoniat'  Harrison. 

101.  Lo'iis  Vilbrin. 

4').  Francis  Jervais. 

102.  LoiisePloufVilbrin, 

4(i.  Cuthbert  Grant. 

103.  Isabjlla  Wells. 

47.  Frizine  Grant. 

104.  Edwanl  Wells. 

48.  Marie  Grant. 

105.  Williai    L.  Quiun. 

49.  John  B.  Gruet. 

106.  Sivier  liashe. 

50.  Marie  Galarneau. 

107.  Pierre  La  Pointe. 

51.  Madeline  Goudrie. 

108.  Mary  Rashe. 

52.  Audro  Goudrie. 

109.  Francis  Lerue. 

53.  Aniable  Goudrie. 

*110.  Josette  Hainelle. 

54.  Pierre  Gladeau. 

*111.  Mary  Tanner. 

55.  Josette  Frike. 

112.  Mary  Ann  Cadotte, 

5U.  Annette  Flemand. 

113.  Autoine  Montreillo. 

57.  Josette  Fian. 

w 


■^.: 


'K"  r-'  '   'I 


..-[■ 


*  Certificates  Nos.  110  and  III  retained  iu  book. 


":-'  .'U 


240 


CUIPPEWA   HALF-BREEDS   OF  LAKE   SUPERIOR. 


f; 


m 


Department  of  the  Interior, 
Office  of  Indian  Affairk, 
January  9,  1869. 
Sir:  In  compliance  witb  the  directions  contained  in  your  letter  of 
the  3d  Koveniber  last,  I  have  the  honor  to  inclose  herewith  a  list  of  the 
names  of  certain  mixed-bloods  belonging  to  the  Cbippewas  of  Lake 
Superior,  to  whom  certificates  of  idei»tity  entitling  them  to  select  and 
receive  patents  for  eighty  acres  each,  (treaty  September  30,  185t,  vol. 
10,  p.  1110,  Stats,  at  Large,)  dated  November  17, 18G8,  have  been  issued 
and  delivered  to  Franklin  Steele,  esq.,  on  the  17th  ultimo. 

Tiie  certificates  are  numbered  from  114  to  311  inclusive,  excepting 
205,  to  which  no  certificate  has  been  issued.  They  are  in  the  same 
printed  form  of  those  heretofore  issued  with  your  approbation,  with  an 
indorsement  thereon  indicating  the  territory  within  which  the  selections 
may  be  made  agreeable  to  your  directions  of  the  3d  November  last, 
reference  being  had  to  your  letters  to  this  Oflice  of  the  28th  and  29tli  of 
October  last.  I  inclose  herewith  copy  of  the  certificates  in  blank  bear- 
ing thereon  the  indorsement  aforesaid,  requesting  that  you  inform  the 
General  Land-Office  of  the  issuance  of  the  certificates,  and  give  the 
necessary  instructions  to  that  office  in  reference  to  the  location  of  the 
selections  of  lands  by  the  parties  uamed  iu  the  list  as  indicated  in  your 
letter  of  the  3d  November  last  aforesaid. 

Very  respectfully,  your  obedient  servant, 

N.  G.  TAYLOR, 
(  Commissioner. 

Hon.  O.  H.  Browning, 

Secretary  of  the  Interior. 


No. 

114.  Anderson ,  David. 

115.  Andtji'soii,  Fraiicis  James. 

116.  Andi'i'son,  Letitia. 

117.  Anderson,  Henry. 

118.  Anilin,  .loliu  B. 

119.  Ainlin,  Mary  Anne. 

120.  Anilin,  .Josettc. 

121.  Allard,  Aniltroise. 

122.  Jirencan,  Tlioniaa. 

123.  heaneiiniin,  Madeline. 

124.  Kcanclnnain,  A)idr6. 
12r).  liaireanx,  8u.san. 
120.  Hoisvert,  Snsan. 

127.  I^anncrnian,  Mary. 

128.  Mcllhcnieur,  Josette. 

129.  Bird,  .lames. 
r.W.  Hinl,  Isal).>lla. 

lai.  i5t']j,'ard,  Elizabeth. 
i;{2.  Hrnce,  Elixabetb. 
i:5;i.  Hrnee,  Janu-s. 
I'M.  Uince,  Franyoise. 
1:55.  J}elftarde,  Margaret. 
13(i.  Hottinean,  Mary  J. 
i;57.  Urown,  Isabella. 
i;?8.  ]{(ivi(;,  Margaret. 
l:W    Movie,  Paul. 

140.  Kassett,  George. 

141.  Hasseit,  Marie. 

142.  Hia(;e,  Catherine. 
14:{.  Hercie.  IJaptiste. 
144.  Colin,  Elizabeth. 
14;').  (Jolin,  .lean  B. 
140.  Campbell,  Naiiey. 
117.  Canada,  Margaret. 


No. 

148. 

149. 

l.'iO. 

151. 

152. 

15:$. 

154. 

l.-)5. 

156. 

157. 

158. 

1.59. 

160. 

101. 

162. 

io:{. 

104. 
165. 
160. 
107. 
168. 
169. 
170. 
171. 
172. 
17:5. 
174. 
175. 
17(i. 
1:7. 
178. 
179. 
180. 
IHl. 


Chainpaigne,  Madeline. 
Cophft,  Joseph. 
Cai>let,  Dennis. 
Caplet,  Lonise. 
Corrigal,  Hannah. 
Cook,  Josette. 
Contor,  Etienne. 
Cummings,  Cnthbert. 
Cnnnning,  Charles. 
Cnmining,  Malcolm. 
Cnnnning,  Margaret. 
Decheneau,  Peter. 
Deiniett,  Mary. 
Dejarlin,  Baptiste. 
Desjarlin,  Francois. 
Dejarlin,  Marie. 
Desjarlin,  Michel. 
Desjarlin.  Josette. 
Desjarlin,  Margret. 
Delaront,  .lean. 
Delorme,  Adelaide. 
Delornn',  Urbain. 
Delorme,  Norbert. 
Demarais,  Julie. 
Demarais,  Severe. 
Dtjmarais,  Charles. 
Dease,  William. 
Dease,  .John. 
De  La  Kondy,  Paul. 
De  La  Kondy,  Margret. 
De  La  Kondy,  Etienne. 
De  La  Kondy,  Lonis. 
Ferguson,  .John. 
Faustneut',  Baptiste. 


■I 


CHIPPEWA   HALF-BREEDS   OF   LAKE   SUPERIOR. 


241 


■    I 


TBRIOR, 

Affairs, 
mry  9,  1869. 

your  letter  of 
itli  a  list  of  the 
lewas  of  Lake 
I  to  select  iuul 
;r  30,  1851,  vol. 
ive  been  issued 

0. 

sive,  excepting 
'6  in  the  same 
)ation,  with  an 
li  the  selections 
J^oveniber  last, 
Sth  and  29th  of 
i  in  blank  bear- 
you  inform  the 
1,  and  give  the 
location  of  the 
licated  in  voiir 


Jommisnoner. 


No. 


1-ti. 
1*7. 
1*-. 
1*1. 
U»ti. 
IIM. 
lit','. 
111:!. 
UU. 
ID.'). 
I'.Hi. 
11»7. 
111-. 

m. 
■.'1(1. 

m. 

m. 
•ill.'). 

M. 

•jiir. 

w. 
•ill). 

!ill. 
•,'l-,'. 

•.'):!. 
'.'14. 

','1.'). 
■iW. 
■JIT. 
•,'1>. 
•iUl. 
■»0. 

■m. 
■m. 
ta. 
•m. 
•w.-). 
d(\. 
i;n. 

m. 

&>. 
'm. 
•,':il. 
•,':!,'). 
ZW,. 
W. 

•a<. 

'»,!. 

240. 
241. 
■.'4'.>. 

m. 

244. 

•-'Hi. 


Foy,  Josette. 
Fiignaiid,  I.sabpUii. 
Fajjuand,  Ciitlilicrt. 
Fi(lUir,  Frant;ois. 
I'i.Uer,  William. 
F'idli!'-,  Nancy. 
Flt.'inaud,  Mai'si'et. 
(libson,  Frautis. 
Glatleaii,  Piern;. 
Ginjfia.s,  Marj^ret. 
fionlet,  Rodger. 
(Jniet.  Aiijiustiiie. 
Gruet,  Madeline. 
Gniet.Tlieopliilnn. 
Ifamlin,  Isabella. 
Hamlin,  Solomon. 
Hamlin.  .Tosepli. 
Hnlcrow,  EliziilK'tli. 
House,  Elizabctli. 
Heniy,  Mary  Aune. 
Himrie,  Picno. 
Henrio,  Antoine. 
Henrie.  .Tosettc. 
No  certificate  issued. 
Hod^fson,  Charlotte. 
Irvin.  ]>oiiist>. 
Iiikstrr,  .James. 
Isbister,  Mary, 
.londron,  Aii;;elic. 
.londron,  Francois. 
.Johnson,  Mary. 
Klynt^,  George. 
Klyne  .John. 
Klyne,  Mar<i;ret, 
Kiyne,  Angelic. 
Lepoint,  Madeline. 
Leplant,  .Madtsline. 
Leplant,  Isabella. 
Ladeux,  Louise. 
Logan,  Thonnis. 
Levelet,  Pierre. 
Lagamonier,  Marie. 
Iterance,  Marie. 
Lepiue,  .Julia. 
Lyons,  John. 
Lafontaiue,  Francois. 
Lei'pcrtince,  Marie. 
La  IJeront,  Julia. 
La  JJeront,  Joseph. 
McDonald,  Duncan. 
McDonald,  Philip. 
McDonald,  Eliza. 
McDonald,  Charles,  jr. 
McDonald.  Mary. 
McDonald,  William. 
McDonald,  Nancy. 
McDonald,  Hannah. 
McKay,  John  D. 
McKay,  Julie. 
Mc(iillis,  Alexander. 
Mc({illis,  Margret. 
Marrion,  Edward. 
Mire,  .Jean  B. 
Monkinan,  Mary. 
Morisettt!,  Baptiste. 
10  H   B  S 


No. 

'247.  Milleoin,  Madeline. 

24^.  Murray,  Mary  Jane. 

y4l>.  Mousnie,  Therese. 

250.  Maxwell,  Elizabeth. 

2.")L  Moutreiul,  Joseph, jr. 

2."j2.  Montreiul,  Margret. 

2r>:<.  Morin,  Xavier. 

2.54.  Morin,  Madeline. 

255.  Nolin,John. 

25t).  Nolin,  Mary  Ann( . 

2.57.  Nolin,  Nfubert. 

2.')r'.  Nolin,  Margret  C. 
\2:>[).  Nolin.  Julie. 

*2t)(i.  Nolin,  Jose))!). 

2fil.  Nolin,  Angelic. 
'■  2i]i.  Nean,  Isabella. 
i  2(W.  Parks,  Julia. 
i  2()4.  Peranteanx.Celestic. 
;  2(55.  Peranteanx,.Jo.sette. 
I  2(ii;.  IVllier,  Marie. 
I  2t)7.  I'eltier,  Susan. 

2^yi.  Primeau,  .losepli, jr. 

2()l).  Primeau,. Joseph. 
I  270.  I'atras,  Ellen. 
I  271.  Pereanx,Moni(iue 
j  272.  Ross.  Margret. 
;  273.  Renville,  Margret. 
I  274.  Renville,  l''ranvois,  sr. 
;  275.  Ronsiant,  Francois. 
I  27(i.  l{oi,Tiiei^ese. 
■  277.  Richard,  Charlotte. 

27S.  liichard,  Rosalie. 

270.  Koi,  Francois. 
j  2'"ll.  Shalioyer,  liouise. 
j  2^1.  Smith",  Joseph. 
!  21^2.  Smith,  Mary. 
j  2^;<.  Strotier,  Antoine. 
!  2*4.  Sinclair,  Thomas. 
I  2-*5.  .Sinclair,  Catherine. 
I  2Sti.  Sinclair,  James. 

2"'7.  Sire,  Madeline. 
'  2*'^.  Sanderson,  David. 

2?".).  Saint  Gennain,  Josette. 

2'JO.  Sayies,  Frauvois. 

20L  Sutherland,  Jame8  R. 

202.  Soyard,  Joseph. 

203.  Soyard,  Joseph,  jr. 

204.  Slater,  Thomas. 

205.  Slater,  Maria. 
20fj.  Slater,  William. 

207.  Slatter,  William. 

208.  Taylor,  William. 
200.  Taylor,  Mary. 
:$00.  Tibault,  Ellen. 
3(11.  Twicotte,  ^'ital. 

302.  Vincent,  Franvois, 

303.  Vincent,  Marie. 
■'?()4.  Vandal,  Antoine. 
305.  Va.nlali,  Benjamin. 
30t).  Vandall,  Margret. 
307.  Vandall,  Marie. 
30-'.  \'andall,  Margret. 
3(10.  White,  Julia. 

310.  Wray,  F.  Annie. 

311.  Jeuton,  Josephte, 


j^  "  ,  -  _ . 


I 


m  -  • 

%  ■    ■-:'■•• 

it..  '■*  ■  ' 


:w  ■■■.■  .■  .  . 


■  If. ,  ■ 


::■]] 


-.Hi 


242 


CHIPPEWA    HALF-BREEDS   OF   LAKE   SUPERIOR. 


Department  of  the  Interior, 

Office  of  Indian  Affairs, 

April  23, 1870. 
Sir  :  I  would  respectfully  stcate  that  certificates  have  been  issued  by 
this  Office,  under  the  provisions  of  the  treaty  of  September  30,  185l, 
with  the  Chippewa  Indians  of  Lake  Superior  and  the  Mississippi,  to 
the  following-named  persons,  entitling  them  to  select  eighty  acres  of 
land  each,  not  mineral,  as  therein  provided,  and  receive  patents  there- 
for, to  wit : 


No.  of 
certiliciite. 


312 

313 

314 

315 


Date  of  certificate. 


To  whom  issued. 


March  9,  IHdK 
March  9,  18()S) 
March  9,  Ic^tiy 
May  27,  1869. 


James  Hagcrmaii . . . 
Elinaheth  Hagermau 
Margaret  Lavierge . , 
Autoiue  Roy 


Acres. 


80 
80 


All  of  the  above  certificates  were  sent  to  the  agent  for  delivery. 
Verv  respectfullv,  your  obedient  servant, 

E.  S.  PARKER, 

Commissioner. 
Hon.  Joseph  S.  Wilson, 

Covtmissioncr  General  Land-Office. 


Department  of  the  Interior, 

Office  of  Indian  Affairs, 

March  1,  1873. 

Sir:  Referring  to  your  letter  of  the  20th  of  January  last,  informing 
this  Office  that  in  eighteen  of  the  forty-five  cases  wherein  the  applicants 
were  decided  by  the  Hon.  Secretary  of  the  Interior,  under  date  of  March 
19, 1872,  to  be  entitled  to  land  under  the  provisions  of  the  seventh  clause, 
second  article,  Chippewa  treaty  of  September  30, 1854,  no  certificates  of 
identity  had  been  issued  and  no  selections  or  applications  to  select  land 
had  been  made,  I  have  the  honor  to  inform  you  that  this  Office,  under 
date  of  yesterday,  issued  certificates  of  identity  to  said  eighteen  per- 
sons, which  have  been  this  day  transmitted  to  United  States  Agent  E. 
P.  Smith  for  delivery,  as  follows : 


No. 

310.  Paul  Behingcr. 

317.  Autoiue  La  Pierre. 

31H.  Joliu  La  Prairie. 

319.  D.  George  Morrison. 

320.  Maggie  Morrison. 

321.  Ambrose  Brunet. 

322.  AntoiiH!  Bagiige. 

323.  Joiiu  Rice. 

324.  John  B.  Warn  n. 


No. 

32.").  Paul  Belanger,  sr. 
321).  I'eter  Cota. 

327.  Charles  Duverney. 

328.  Joseph  Deiueaux. 

329.  Catherine  La  Point. 

330.  Cliarles  Mergan. 

331.  John  iite.  Parisean. 

332.  Pousiant  Chouiuard. 

333.  Johu  Chouinanl. 


Very  respectfully,  your  obedient  servant, 

H.  R.  CLUM, 

Acting  Commissioner, 


The  Hon.  Commissioner  of  the  General  Land-Office. 


[OR. 

)R, 
.FFAIIIS, 

pril  23, 1870. 

been  issued  by 
rnber  30, 1854, 
Mississippi,  to 
eighty  acres  of 
patents  tliere- 


Acres. 

eo 

80 

80 

so 

CHIPPEWA   HALF-BREEDS   OF   LAKE    SUPERIOR. 


243 


Department  of  the  Interior, 

General  Land-Office, 
Washington,  D.  C,  February  2G,  1872. 

Sir  :  I  have  the  honor  to  transmit  herewith  a  list  of  all  the  Chippewa 
half-breed  scrip  locations  that  are  patented. 
Very  respectfully, 

WILLIS  DRU3IM0ND, 

Commissioner. 
Hon.  F.  A.  Walker, 
Commissioner  of  Indian  Affairs,  Washington,  I).  C. 


■I     .    .       ■ 

',;'■        "f 
■■       "  -.1' 


"'     ■ 


i 


■-•fiiiii'' 


•■■«; 


■  V    lt>-  *     • 


r  delivery. 


A.RKER, 

'Commissioner. 


f  1' 


I 


ilOR, 

Affairs, 
larch  1, 1873. 

last,  informing 

the  applicants 
r  date  of  March 

seventh  clause, 
o  certificates  of 
s  to  select  land 
is  Office,  under 

eighteen  per- 
tates  Agent  E. 


il.-.!.'' 


■  T,--  !■?  ■     • 


lit. 
m. 

U(l. 


viv;:fi 


>  - -!.{-. 4 


M, 

Commissioner. 


"  f  ■  t'ff 


^FICE. 


1^ 


244  CHIPPEWA   HALF-BREEDS    OF    LAKE    SUPERIOR. 


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CHIPPEWA    ITALF-RREEDS    OF    LAKE    SUPERIOR. 


245 


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Cinri'KWA    lIALF-liRKKDS    OK    LAKE    SCPKRIOR. 


[Semite  Ex.  Do<;.  \<>.  :>:•,  \'M  ('(iiifjrcsH,  l.st  Ht's.simi.] 

Letter  from  the  Seeretari/  of  the  Interior,  eommunieathuj,  in  eomfiliutiee, 
irith  a  Sciieite  resolntimi  of  .hxiniarfi  27,  1S74,  information  in  rclntion  /<« 
i(  treattt  irifh  the  Vhippenn  Indioiis. —  Feltrnart/  24,  IS74,  ordrnil  to  //it 
on  the  t<(1)le  anil  motion  to  print  reftrreil  to  the  Committee  on  I'rintingA 
Febrnarij  27,  1874,  motion  to  print  reported  and  af/reed  to. 

Bepautment  oe  the  Inteuior, 

\Vashin(fton,  JJ.  C,  Fehniarif  23,  1S74. 
Sill :  On  the  27tli  ultimo  I  had  the  honor  to  re(!eive  u  resohitiou  of  th( 
Senate,  of  that  date,  in  the  Ibllowinj'  words,  vi/ : 

Ji'tnolrciJ,  TJiat  tlie  St'ciotiuy  of  the,  Interior  be,  and  ho  hereby  is,  rtircotert  to  rejioi I 
to  the  Senate  iis  soon  iis  ])raeti<'iil>le  : 

1st.  Whether  iuticle  (i  oC    the   treaty  of   Febniiiry  22,  IBSu,  with  the    Cliiiijiew 
Inilians  is  still  in  lorce  aii<l  unexeeutiHl. 

•2(1.  That  he  be  direetefl  to  lejiort  in  detail  whiit  .letlon  if  any,  has  been  taken  nude 
Haid  article  ol'said  treaty  within  the  last  two  years. 

Ud.  That  he  be  directed  to  re]i(irt  what  action  has  been  taken  umler  the  act  of  .liiii 
8,  1H7'_'.  entitled  ''An  act  to  iierfect  eerliiiii  Jand-tith's  therein  deseriln-d  ;"  whiit  aiiioiiii 
ol' lands  have  been  elainie(l  tliereniider,  what   ainonnt  (d'  lantls  ha\e   been    ](atcij!iil 
accordingly,  and  Low  numy  dillereut  claims  thereunder  are  still  [lending  in  the  1  >i  nan] 
ment. 

In  answer  to  said  resolution  J  transmit  herewith  the  following,  viz; 

A  copy  of  a  report,  dated  the  2d  instant,  from  tlu^  (Jommissioiier  o^ 
Judian  xVlfairs,  with  aceouipanyino'  papers,  niiuiied  A,  IJ,  and  C 

A  eopy  of  a  report  diited  tlie  t7th  instant,  from   the  Commissioiici'j 
of    the   General   Land-Olliee,  with  aeeomi)anying-   papers,   marlvcd  A 
and  J>. 

A  eopy  of  a  rejmrl  dated  the  20th  insttint,  from  tln^  Commissioner  <i( 
Indian  Atfairs,  with  aiteomijanyiii;.;'  i)aiR'rs,  numbered  1  to  11   inchisivc 

These  papers,  it  is  believed,  fiirnisli  all  the  information  called  lor  i)>j 
said  resohition. 


Yejy  respectfully,  your  obedient  servant, 


The  President  oe  the  Senate. 


C.  DELANO, 

Secrrtarii. 


Dei'Artment  of  the  Interior, 

()i  FicE  OF  Indian  Affairs, 
WaxhiiHfton,  J).  C\,  Fel/ruari/  2,  1.S74. 

Sir:  I   liave   the  honor  to    aclciiowledgc;  the   receii)t,    by   reteiencti 
from  the  Dcpitrtment,  witli  directions  lor  tin  immediate  report  tlicicoii 
of  a  lesolution  of  the  United  States  Senate,  dated  the  27tii  ultimo,  call] 
inji  for  the  lollosvino'  inforiiiation,  viz: 

1st.  W  iietiier  article  (i  of  the  treaty  of  IVbriiary  22,  IS.'m,  with  tii( 
(.'hil>pewa  Indians  is  still  in  lorce  and  iiii<'xecut«'d. 

2d.  That  he  (the  Secretary  of  the  Interior)  be  directed  to  rejxat  iij 
detail  what   action,  if  any,  has  been  taken  nmler  said  article  of  .-^;ik 
treaty  within  the  last  two  years. 

.id.  That  he  be  directed  to  rei)ort  wlmt  action   has  been  taken  inidci 
the  act  of  .lime  S,   1S72,  entitled  "An  act  to  perfect  certain  land-titlc'^ 
tli'M-eiii  described;"'  what  amount   of  lands  jiave  been  chiimed  tiicrciiuj 
der,  what  amount  of  lan<ls  have  been  patented  iiccordirifily,  and  lii'\^ 
many  ditl'erent  claims  thereuniler  are  still  pending  in  the  Depiirtiiiciitj 


CHIPPEWA    IIALF-IiREKDS    UF    LAKE    SUPERIOR. 


2G1 


In  compliiuico  witli  your  dirtMitions  I  have  tin'  honor  to  report: 

1st.  Tliat  tlie  sixth  artich^  of  tin'  atbrosaid  treaty  is  still  in  t'ovcv,  but 
tliiit  tho  only  kiiowlcdfjre  jmssesseU  by  this  Ollice  (ioncerning  the  execu- 
tion of  its  provisions  is  contained  in  a  letter  of  the  (Jomniissioncr  of  the 
(Icneral  Laml-Ollice,  a«l<h'esse<l  to  this  Ollice,  untler  date  of  May  I'!, 
1.S72,  and  the  rej>ly  of  this  ()11i(!e  thereto,  under  (hito  of  June  <>,  I.STl', 
('(•pies  of  which  correspondence  are  inclosed  herewith. 

L'd.  That  all  other  oilicial  action  taivcn  under  tlie  provisions  of  said 
article  within  the  past  two  years  has  been  under  the  iliiection  of  the 
I'oinniissioner  of  the  General  Lainl-Otti(!e. 

.'5d.  .Under  <late  of  .Inly  8,  1.S72,  the  Department  api)ointed  a  commis- 
sion, consistinjy  of  lloii.  T.  C.  Jones,  E.  P.  Smith,  lJnite<l  States  ludiiiu 
iifivnt,  and  Dana  E.  Kiny,  (the  latter  appointed  July  .'*»(>,  1S72,)  to  niakr', 
such  lull  investijjfatiou  and  rejtort  as  would  enable  the  J)e[)artnHMit  to 
ciury  out  the  provisions  of  the  act  of  Con};ress  approved  Junes  8, 187L*, 
relative  to  the  claims  of  such  parties  as  niiyht  asseit  a  ri^iit  to  jiur- 
cliiise,  with  cash  or  military  bounty-land  wariants,  any  of  the  lands  rc- 
I'tMred  to  in  said  act.  Instructions  (copy  herewith)  for  the  guidance  of 
this  commission  were  approved  by  the  Secretary  of  tin;  Interior  outlie 
I  iL'th  and  were  issued  by  this  (Jttice  on  the  loth  of  July,  1872,  and  the 
iiiiijority  report  of  their  action,  under  siuth  instru<!tions,  was  tiled  in 
\uiu'  Oflice,  bearinjj  date  Xovember  25,  1872,  the  minority  report  bein<; 
(ill ted  December  13,  1872. 

These  reports  (copies  of  which  will  be  furnished  as  soon  as  practica- 
hl(')  were  sent  to  this  Ollice  with  Department  letter  of  the  10th  of  June, 

1S7;]. 

The  quantity  of  lands  clainuMl  by  individuals,  under  the  provisions 
of  the^U!t  of  June  8,  1872,  before  the  commission  ai)pointed  thereunder 
to  iuvestiyate  such  claims,  is  nearly  27,(MI()  acres. 
The  claims  approved  by  such  commission  aftgregate  22,23.'».(>8  acres. 
This  Otlice  has  no  knowledjicof  the  amount  of  lands  |>atented  under 
tlie  provisions  of  said  act,  nor  how  many  <litt"ereut  claims  thereunder 
are  still  peiuling,  those  matters  cominy  within  the  control  and  Jurisdic- 
tictn  of  tlie  Coiumissiouerof  the  (leneral  Laud-Onice. 
The  Senate  resolution  is  herewith  returned. 

Very  respectfully,  your  obedient  servant, 

EI) WD.  r.  S^riTH, 
Comnusaioner. 
The  Hon.  Secretary  of  the  Interior. 


I- 

If"' 

ii 

^'■1.: 

t  ■' 

m-'" 

'■*.?' 

"  ! 

'  k 

.' 

'.i',-\ 

'•'  ,» 

•t'i''''V" 


ill*: 


;■»• 


4'ly.r^" 

IV  ■■'-•:>  ■ 


'\  m    '     '-7  . 


"It'' 


■'■*'.  ]: 
"ill    ' 


A. 


,  18.')."),  with  tilt: 


the  l)ei»arli!R'iicl 


DEPART:\rENT  OF  THE  INTERIOR, 

(Ienkral  Land  ( )i'FirE, 
Wa.shington,  D.  C,  Moi/  13,  1872. 

Sir  :  I  have  the  honor  to  call  your  attention  to  the  tenth  article  of  tiie 
treaty  September  30,  18r»4,  and  sixth  article  treaty  February  22,  LS;"),"), 
with  the  Chippewas,  providiu}>"  for  the  purchase  of  100  acres  of  land  by 
such  persons  as  were  residinf>-  in  the  ceded  country  by  authority  of  law. 

Tuder  these  arti(!les  applications  have  been  made — 

1st.  By  those  who  were  tra<lers,  or  acting  by  the  direct  authority  of 
tlu^  Indian  agent. 

2d.  By  the  wives  of  such  persons. 


■^i}i 


202 


CIEIPrEWA   TIALF-lJUKEJiS   OF   LAKE   SUPERIOR. 


3(1.  r.y  servants  in  tlMffjiinili<'Hof  tlioac  lesidinj;  in  tin*  Territory. 
4th.  I>y  tlie  widows  of  jH-rHons  who  it  is  chiinied  were  ontithMl. 
It  therefore  iMuionies  ne<M'ssary  for  a  proper  execution  of  the  i)urposes 
of  the  treaty  to  fully  (h'U'rniiiie  what  classes  of  persons  are  to  be  coii- 
siilered  as  bein}{  there  by  suithority  of  law. 

In  my  own  mind  I  think  ii  lef^itimate  interpretation  of  the  treaties 
would  be  found  in  a  restriction  of  its  privileges  to  missionaries  and  sucii 
other  persons  as  may  have  been  in  the  ceded  country  at  the  date  of  the 
treaties  by  the  direct  authority  of  the  Indian  Ottlce,  or  its  ajjents,  and 
recognizing  none  otherwisi!  living  therein ;  but  I  respectfully  request 
that  you  will  give  me  your  views  on  the  subject,  and  also  furuisli  mic 
with  a  list  of  those  to  whom  authority  to  live  in  this  Indian  country  had 
been  given. 

Veiy  respectfidly, 

WILLIS  DRLMMOXT), 

Commitssioncr. 
Hon.  r.  A.  AVALKEii, 

(JommtHHiuner  of  Ituluoi  Affairs. 


U. 


l)i;rAirj"MENT  of  the  Ixtehior, 

Office  of  Indian  Affairs, 

June  0,  1872. 

Sir  :  I  have  the  honor  to  aciknowledgo  the  receipt  of  your  letter  of 
the  i;ith  ultimo,  calling  attention  to  the  tenth  article  of  the  treaty  »»f 
September  .'{(>,  ]8.")4,  and  the  sixth  arliclti  of  the  treaty  of  February  L'-*, 
iSr)'}j  with  the  (Miippewas,  providing  for  the  purchase  of  IGO  acres  of 
land  by  such  persons  as  were  residing  in  the  ceded  country  by  authority 
of  law. 

You  state  that  ai)pli(!ations  have  been  made  by  those  who  were  trad- 
ers, or  acting  by  the  aiUhority  of  the  Indian  agent,  by  the  wives  of 
such  i)ersons,  by  servants  in  the  families  of  those  residing  in  the  Terii- 
tory,  and  by  the  widows  of  jtersons  who  it  is  claimed  were  entitled, 
and  that  it  is  uecessaiy  lor  a  proper  execution  of  the  puri)oses  of  the 
treaty  to  fully  determine  what  (ilasses  of  persons  are  to  be  considered  as 
being  theie  by  authority  of  law. 

You  think  that  a  legilimat<j  interpretation  of  the  treaties  would  be 
found  in  a  restrictiou  of  the  privileges  to  missionaries  and  such  other 
pers(Mis  as  may  have  been  in  the  ceded  country  at  the  date  of  the  trea- 
ties by  the  dire(!t  authoi'ity  of  the  Indian  Ollice,  or  its  agents,  and  lec- 
ognizing  n()n<' otherwise  living  therein,  ami  recpiest  my  views  on  tiie 
subject,  and  also  that  this  ()ni<;e  furnish  a  list  of  those  to  whom  author- 
ity to  live  in  the  Indian  country  had  been  given. 

It  is  my  opinion,  lirst,  that  tin;  right  to  purchase  land  given  by 
the  treaties  aforesaid  was  a  personal  privilege  and  does  not  descend. 
That  therefore  the  heirs  at  law  of  all  jiersons  within  the  contemplation 
of  the  treaties  who  failed,  through  their  own  neglect,  or  through  piema- 
ture  demise,  to  take  up  land  as  authorized,  have  no  claim  to  the  privi 
lege  by  virtue  of  heirship. 

Second,  that  the  treaties  conferred  the  right  to  ])urchase  land  only 
upon  such  persons,  in  addition  to  missionaries,  as  were  within  the  Indian 
reservations  by  authority  of  law  in  some  substantial  capacity,  and  that, 


CHirrEWA    1TALF-13REKD       )r    LAKK    SUPERIOU. 


203 


licivforo,  \vivi\s  (Imiii^j  covcrtiiiv,  luid  (loincstu'  servants  suttually  t'li- 
:;i;;('<l  iis  siicAi  in  t'tniiilies  liavinj;'  a  proper  head,  are  not  entitled  under 
lllielaw. 

I'ersons  of  lull  a^^e,  earrvinji  on  trade,  even  thou;;Ii  employed  at  an 
jiinvn(!.v,  and  tln^  clerks  ot  trailers,  would  appear  to  nie  to  be  entiiled. 

In  respect  to  tll(^  decree  of  evidence  wliieli  tliisOMiee  nniy  l>e  able  to 

furnish  as  to  the  anthoiity  possessed  by  possible  elainiants  at  the  <late 

hif  either  treaty,  to  reside  within  the  reservations  which  are  the  subjiu-ls 

(if  the  treati»'s  of  IS.Ii  and  IS.m,  I  rej^ret  to  say  that  the  records  «)f  tjiis 

[Olliceare  not  sutticiently  complete  and  reliable  for  the  peiiod  covered 

liy  your  intpiiry,  to  Justify  the  rejection  of  any  claim,  by  reason  of  a 

I  failure  to  lind  such  authority  therein  ;  1  sec;  no  other  way  than  to  re- 

(jiiire  ori<;inal  and  inde[>eiHlent  pioof  on  the  ]>art  of  elainiants  that  they 

were  within  the  Indian  reservations  by  authority  of  law  at  the  date  of 

I  the  treaties  under  which  they  severally  claim. 

Very  resi>ectfullv,  your  obedient  servant, 

F.  A.  WALKIClt, 

t'omiuissioncr. 

Hon.  Commissioner  General  Land  Oitkje. 


I.,  t 


\t 

•*  1- "' 

V 

t  * 

■i' 

t- 

I'; 

'tl. 

t'l 

r' 

f:  ■■ 

OR, 

Fl'AlRS, 
Jtdie  (J,  1872. 

your  letter  of 
if  the  treaty  of 
'  February  UJ, 
)f  100  acres  of 
y  by  authority 

k'ho  were  trad- 
the  wivt\s  of 
j»  in  the  Terri- 
were  entitle<l, 
irposes  of  the 
consi<lered  as 

ities  would  be 
nd  such  other 
te  of  tiie  irea- 
fents,  and  ree- 
views  on  the 
whom  author- 

uid  given  by 
*  not  descend, 
(jontemplatiou 
irough  prema- 
to  the  privi- 

lase  land  only 
hinthe  Indian 
inty,  and  that, 


C. 

]3ei'AR1':\[ent  oi'  the  Interior, 
Oi'EioE  01-'  Indian  Ai'J  airs, 

JhIi/  !.■»,  1.S71*. 

Sir:  Fn  aerordance  with  the  directions  of  the  Hon.  Se<*retary  of  the 
Interior  e(mtained  in  his  letter  to  this  Office  of  tlieSth  instant,  you  are  ad- 
vised that  you  have  been  ai)pointe<'  by  him  a  commissioner,  to  be  asso- 
liated  with  E.  T.  Smith,  esq.,  agent  for  the  Chippewa  Indians  of  the 
Mississippi,  to  investigate  the  claims  of  such  parties  as  may  assert  a 
liji'ht  to  purchase,  witli  cash  or  military  bounty-land  warrants,  the  lands 
referred  to  in  an  act  of  Congress,  approve<l  June  .S,  LS7l',  entithid  ''An 
act  to  perfect  certain  land-titles  therein  described,'-  which  act  is  iu  ttm 
following  language,  vi/: 

"That  the  Secretary  of  the  Interior  be,  and  is  hereby,  authorized  to 
permit  the  purchase,  with  cash  or  with  military  bounty  land  warrants,  of 
siicii  lands  as  may  have  been  located  with  claims  arising  under  tim  sev- 
enth clause  of  tlu^  second  article  of  the  treaty  of  September  thirtieth, 
I'l^'liteen  hundred  and  lifry-four,  at  such  jirice  jier  a<!re  as  the  Secretary  of 
llie  Interior  shall  deem  e(putable  and  |)roper,  Imt  not  at  a  less  price  than 
one  dollar  and  twenty  Hve  cents  per  acre,  and  that  owners  and  holders 
of  such  claims  iu  good  faith  be  also  i)ermitted  to  complete  tluiir  entries 
and  to  ])erfect  their  titles,  under  such  claims,  upon  eompiianee  with  the 
terms  above  mentioned :  I'rorideil,  That  it  shall  l)e  shown  to  the  satis- 
faction of  the  Secretary  of  the  Interior  that  said  claims  are  htdd  by  in- 
iioctent  parties  in  good  faith,  and  that  the  locations  made  under  such 
cliiims  have  been  made  in  good  faith  and  by  innocent  holders  of  the 
>aiiie." 

The  seventh  clause  of  the  second  article  of  the  treaty  (concluded  with 
the  Ciiipi)ewa  Indians  of  Lake  Superior  and  the  Mississippi)  i-eferred 
to  ill  the  act  above  (pioted,  is  as  follows:  -vEacjh  head  of  a  fanuly  or 
Miigle  person  over  twenty-one  years  of  age,  at  the  present  time,  of  the 
mixed-bloods  belonging  to  the  Chippewas  of  Lake  Superior,  shall  be 


Vi'.'  Vv-ifl 

;R  ;■-■=■ 

•J.  ■■       • 

«■■  .  -  ;<••■■■    I 


1^-  "i  ■  ■  ■■■ 


:■:*'  .'■■ 


■%■' 


K* 

>;.??;;  • 

■■• 

■-■^  \ 

2r;4 


nril'PKWA    HAI,F-ItRKi;i)S    OF    LAKK    .sri'KUIOK. 


entitled  to  eiji'lity  ncres  of  IiumI,  to  be  solec^tcd  \ty  tlictii  niider  tli«  dircc 
tioii  of  tlic  I'lcsidciit,  and  which  shall  he  seen  red  to  them  by  |)iitent  in 
the  nsnnl  tbini." 

Yon  iire  reipn^sted  to  iidviso  this  Olliee  wlietheror  not  yon  neiiept  tliis 
ai>iMiintnienl  ;  and  in  eiise  yon  do  aeeept,  the  lion.  Seeretiiry  directs  tliiil 
bj'fore  cnteiinfi'  on  the  <lis<rhai',ijr<^  of  your  dnties  yon  visit  this  city,  mid 
that  on  ,Noni'  way  here  you  call  up(»n  Mr.  Ileniy  S.  Neale,  of  ln»nt»Mi. 
Ohio.  an(t  obtain  IVoin  him  sM<'h  inlbrniation  as  he  nniy  be  aide  to  ciiin- 
mnnii-ate  upon  the  sid»je('t.  -Air.  Neale  has  lately  investijuated,  as<diair- 
man  of  a  eonimission  aitpointed  for  the  pni'pos(>,  the  claims  of  halfbreed 
Indians  under  the  clause  above  quoted,  and  will  be  able  to  j^ivc!  >nii 
valuable  information  relative  thereto. 

Alter  <r(»nsnltatiou  here  you  will  pioceed  to  White  Karth,  liecker 
Tonnty,  Minnesota,  where  you  will  Join  yoiu*  co-ecMunnssioner,  Ajicnt 
Smith,  and  mutually  arranj^e  to  enter  ui)ou  the  diseharye  of  the  duties 
.jointly  assi<;ned  you  and  him. 

The  commission  will  bi'  fnnnshed  V)y  the  Hon.  ('ommissiouer  of  tiie 
(Jeneral  Ijand Ollice  witii  a  list  of  the  locations  referred  to  which  have 
not  bc«'U  patented,  fi'iviuy'  the  name  of  the  party  in  each  ease  maUiM;^ 
the  sairu'.  It  will  be  tli(^  <luty  of  the  commission  to  incpnre  and  report 
to  this  ()fli(!e  what  persons,  in  their  opinion,  if  any,  are  entithd  to  any 
bcnelil  under  the  jirovisions  of  the  aforemeutioiu'*!  act.  J'\)r  this  ]uir- 
]iose,  the  jiartics  interested  will  be  uotilied  when  and  where,  they  (^iui 
]>i'esent  testimony,  under  oath,  to  juove  their  claims,  \\»hi<!h  testimony 
will  be  imlorsed  in  eacli  eas(>  with  the  Joint  opinion  of  the  commission- 
ers, and  forwarded  to  this  Ollice  with  your  report. 

After  having'  ascertained,  to  the  best  of  their  opiinon,  who,  if  any,  of 
the  claimants  ai'c  entitled  to  jturchase  the  lands  referred  to  luidei- the 
act,  tlu^  commissioneis  will  make  an  appraisement  of  the  same,  with  a 
vii'w  to  advisiiiii  the  Sccielary  of  the  Inteiior  at  what  |)ri('e  per  acre 
said  lands  shall  be  sold,  if  ])urchased  with  cash  or  military  bounty-laud 
warrants,  under  the  provisi(uis  of  the  act. 

Your  compensation  will  be  at  the  rate  of  olixht  doiia>  <  per  day  and 
the  usual  udleaye,  to  commence  when  yim  shall  leave  your  home,  ami 
to  continue  ntdil  vonr  return  thereto.  i 


V«'ry  respectfully,  your  obedient  servsuit. 


F.  A.  WALK K II, 

Commissioner. 


Hon.  T.  C.  Jones, 


JJclawarc,  Ohio. 


I)KPAKr:\IENT  OF  THE  TNTERIOK, 

GENEUAI.  LAM)()FFT('E, 

Woshinnton^  1).  C,  February  17,  ISTi. 

Sti?  :  Tn  res])onse  to  S"uate  resolution  of  the  L*7th  ultiiiu),  referred  to 
this  Ollice  by  the  l)ei)artmeut  under  date  of  MX  instant,  I  have  the 
lionor  to  report  as  follows: 

Article  (>  ol  treaty  (»f  February  L'2.  IS.m,  (Stats.  10,  p.  11(»!»,)  is  still  in 
force  and  unexecuted.  Hiid-'r  date  of  November  22,  LS71,  this  Ollico 
issued  instinctions  (copy  herewith  marked  A)  to  rej^isters  and  receivers, 
])resciibin<;'  the  metluul  in  whicli  applications  to  enter  land  under  the 
])rovisions  of  the  sixth  arri(!le  of  the  treaty  of  Febiuary  22,  IS.Vt,  slioiild 
be  made  and  treat<'d.  Tlu'se  instructions  appearinji',  altera  tew  months" 
trial,  to  be  not  sulliciently  explicit,  the  opinion  of  the  (Jommissioner  of 
Indian  Ati'airs  was  s<dicited  in  the  preudses,  and  on  the2()th  day  of -liuic, 
1872,  supplemental  leyulatious  in  conformity  therewith  were  issued  as 


inl«'r  tii«^  (lircc 
III  l>.y  piitiMit  ill 

yoii  iK'(;«'pr  111  is 
iir.v<iir«'cts  tliiii 
this  cit.v,  iiinl 
lie,  of  Iroiitoii. 
Im'  iildc  to  colli 
liiitcd,  iis4'|i;iir- 
iisol'  liJiH-hiccd 
)U'  t(t  yivt*  ,\(iu 

Kiirlli,  Hoclicr 
issioiicr,  A.^ciit 
;e  of  tli«!  (liitii's 

issioiicr  of  (lie 
to  wliicli  liiivc 
li  case  iiiiikiii;;' 
iiirc  iiiid  icpoit 
eiititi*  <l  to  iiiiy 
l"\)r  this  ])iii'- 
vluTc  tlicy  ciiii 
lii(;li  t(>stiiiio)iy 
lie  (H)iuiiiissioii- 

wJio,  if  iiiiy,  <»f 
'(1  to  iiiidcr  tlic 
('  siiiiH\  with  a 
juice  per  acre 
ry  lioHiity-hiiid 

I  •;  JUT  day  and 
our  home,  and 


VLKKH, 

Jomiuissioner. 


lary  17,  1S71. 
I  no,  icfcircd  to 
lit,  I  have  tlio 

11(5!),)  is  still  in 
S71,  this  Ollice 

and  receivers, 
and  under  the 
!L',  IS.Vt,  slidiiM 
ra  few  nioiitlis' 
)nnnissi()!ier  of 
thday  ((f'.Imie, 

were  issued  as 


ClIirPKWA    irAU'-IIRKKPS    OK    LAKK    Sri'KinOK. 


265 


]»er  inclosed  copy  marked  U.     I'lider  these  rej^ulations  thi're  liuve  been 
made  up  to  dale  Mil  entries,  etnliracin^  .'tl»,l.'l  l.L'S  acres. 

The  applicati(»ns  in  these  cases  have  not  only  sti  ietly  (uuiforiued  to 
tlie  reipiirementsof  otiicial  instiuetions,  liiit  in  the  majority  of  tlie  (vises 
a  ^ratnitouH  guarantee  has  been  appended  in  the  i«)rm  of  a  certitt- 
cate  us  Ut  tlie  respectahility  and  credihility  «»f  liu' corrolioralive  wit- 
nesses. 

'J  liese  «.erti(ieates  bear  Ihe  si;;natuies  of  siudi  onicers  as  jiidjics  and 
(Icrks  of  district  courts,  Jud;4«-s  and  (lerks  ol  probate  conits.  county 
auditors,  notaries  public,  (Jniteil  States  Indian  agents,  and  ie<;isters 
and  reeeiveis  of  I'liited  States  distri(;t  laiul-olliees,  and  are  acccun- 
panie<l,  except  in  the  last  two  classes  of  cast's,  by  the  seals  of  their  re- 
spective otiices. 

It  is  proper  to  a<bl  that  in  all  theses  entries  the  full  Cloveruineiit  price 
of  .i*'.L'r>  jier  nvw.  has  been  pai«l  in  t:a.sh. 

The  act  of  dune  S,  1.S7L',  Stats.  17,  )i.  .'510: 

In  eontbrmity  with  the  reeoiniu(>ndations  of  th(>  (commission  appointed 
under  the  said  act,  and  in  pursuance  of  tli*-  instructions  of  the  Secrctiiry 
of  t!ie  Interitu-  to  the  (.'ommissioner  of  Indian  Atlairs,  a  copy  of  which 
was  transmitted  to  this  Ollice  under  dat(Mjf  June  Hi,  l.s7.»,  a(;tion  has 
been  taken  as  Ibllows: 

1st.  t)iie  liuiidr«'d  and  thirty  l(>cati<tns  of  Chippewa  half-breed  scrip, 
embraciiif;  in  round  uuiubers  l.<l,40()  acres,  have  been  canceled  and  the 
lands  restored  to  market. 

L'd.  Entries,  with  cash  (U'  military  bounty  land  warrants,  (as  pro- 
vided- ill  the  said  act,)  of  11,44(1  acres,  eml»ra(H'(l  in  IIS  scrip  locations, 
have  be(  I  authorized  by  this  Otlice  in  specific  iustrucLioiis  to  the  proper 
distri(!t  l.did-onicers. 

ikl.  Entries  of  7,U.">I.'J2  acres  at  $  I. -M  per  acre,  and  of  400  acres  at 
'^2.'tO  per  a(ae,  of  the  said  lauds  have  thus  far  been  made. 

4th.  No  entries  of  land  under  the  said  act  have  as  yet  passed  to 
patent. 

oth.  Upon  i;{()  s(!rip  locations,  embra(;iiiy  I0.40U  ac  les,  a(ftiou  by  this 
Ollice  has  been  suspended,  awaiting  a  decision  from  the  Department 
upon  an  appealed  (piestion  of  riyht  between  the  scrip  locators  and  the 
Northern  Pacilic  Railroad. 

Under  dale  of  l.'ith  instant  tlu^  Secretary  rendered  a  decision  in  the 
jjiemises,  allirmin;;'  the  ri^iit  of  the  s(;rip  locators,  and  it  now  devolves 
upon  this  Oliice  to  issue  instructions  to  the  re^iisters  and  receivers  of 
the  proper  land-oHices,  authorizing  entries  of  the  said  lands  at  >*'2.'A) 
per  acre. 

The  report  of  the  Couimissioiier  of  Indian  Atlairs,  with  accompany- 
ing papers,  is  herewith  returned. 
1  am,  sir,  very  re  pecttully, 


WILLIS  miUMISIOXl), 

C'oinmiN.sionc)'. 


IIoii.  C.  Delano, 

ISecrcturi/  of  the  Interior, 


A. 

Dki'AU'1'3ient  of  TTTK   iNTETirOlJ, 

Okm:k A L  Land  ( )iM'Tf'E. 
Washiiif/fon,  J).  T.,  yoiu'tnhtr  '2'2,  IS" I. 

Gkntlemex:   F'eferring  to  my  letter  to  you  of  LMIth  ultimo,  directina: 
the  suspension  of  action  on  apjilication  to  purchase  lands  under  the 


• " ». . 


'I'i 


»■•■ 


i."*:,.  «i 


V  *■ 


»y^  «.»-"■ 


;■ 

s 

Si 

'.■;  I. 

,■•:  i 

'iM 

■  ,.>• 


2(1(1 


ciiii'ri'AVA  ii.M,r-niM;r.i>s  ok  i.aki;  sii'r.itioK. 


(fiitli  iiifit'lr  hciit.v  Srpti'inlH'r  .'»(>,  |S,*t|.  iiii*l  sixlli  iirliclc  l\'l»iii;iiv  _"_', 
IS.'i,*),  with  ('lii|>|M'>vii.  Iiuliiiiis,  I  now  diicrt  lliiit  ,mmi  r<>)-t'i\i*  no  ii|)|)lir;i 

tiltllHOr    tliat    fJilSN   llllloHH    lIlC    SilllM'    iU'C     i|r<'0||||tl|||ilMl      l)\    lIlC     lollnSVilin 

I'viilciicr  ill  .sii|»|M>rt  nl'  |li*>  li^lii    of  tlic   piilt.v  to    till'    |M'ivilf<;i>s   ol   the 
trnil.v.  to  wit,  iiimUm-  llir  tnitli  iiiticlc  oC  llu^  tii'iilyol  Scitti'inlii'i,,  isrii; 

1st.  Til)' iitliiliiN  it  of  tli«>  iippliriiiil  tiiiit  lit*  or  sjii'  was  of  lull  im«' (L'l 
yviws)  at  tlic  ilatr  «•!'  tiir  Ircatv,  ;»<t|h  ScptciiiltiT,  1S.">1;  that  tli**  pai  ly 
was  icsuliii;;  ill  llio  coiiiitry  crtlctl  or  reserved  at  that  <lale,  and  was 
employed  or  re.sidiii;;  therein  under  authority  of  liie  roiiiiiiissioner  ni' 
Indian  AtVairs,  superintendent  ot'  Indian  alVairs,  Indian  a;;i'nl,  or  siiU 
ii<;ent.  iiatiiin;;  in  llie  allidavit  tlie  nature  of  his  or  her  oeeiipalion,  and 
the  name  of  the  person  t'rom  whom  the  autliiuity  was  derived,  also  the 
time  when  so  occupied,  and  tliat  the  laud  appli<>d  for  was,  at  the  dale 
of  the  treaty,  occupied  hy  the  party,  and  statin;.:  how  ocenpied. 

I'd.  The  sworn  tesliinony  of  inie  or  more  erediide  witnesses  in  eor- 
roltoration  of  the  allegations  set  forth  in  thealhdavit. 

.'>tl.  This  allidavit  and  testimony  must  lie  sworn  to  l)efor(>  either  of 
you.  or  hefore  an  olllcer  duly  autluui/.ed  to  administ«'r  oaihs. 

Mil.  Where  the  application  is  made,  lor  lands  emhraced  in  jiiiy  of  tlii^ 
existing'    reservaliiuis  made  under  said  treaty,  and  wiiiidi    may   li(«  in 
your  district,  the  ri;i;lit  of  the  ap|>!icant   to  the  privile;;e  of  purchase 
iiiiist  lie  \erilied  by  the  a^tMit.  ot  the  Indians  on  the  reservation  emlirac 
iii;>'  th(>  land. 

i'mh-r  the  sixth  article  of  treaty,  I'\'lM'uary  'Jlf,  IH.'i.'j: 

1st.  The  allidavit  of  the  parly  that,  at  the  date  of  the  treaty,  Fclirii- 
ury  L'L',  I. S.V).  he  or  she  was,  of  full  iXjjH'  (-1  years)  and  residing  in  the 
('oiinli'y  ceded  by  the  lirsl  article  of  tlietr»'afy  ;  that  the  parts  was  duly 
employed  or  residiii;;'  therein  under  thi>  autliority  of  the  ('ommissitiner 
of  liuiian  AlVairs.  superinteiideni  (if  Indian  idVairs,  Indian  a;.>ciil,  orsnii 
anient,  naming  in  the  allidavit  the  nature  of  his  or  her  occupation,  and 
the  name  ot  the  person  from  whom  the  authority  wa.s  derived,  also  the 
time  when  so  occupicil. 

lM.  The  sworn  testimony  of  <iue  «ir  more  credible,  witnesses  in  corrob- 
oration of  the  alle.i>ations  set  forth  in  the  allidavit. 

;>d.  This  allidavit  and  testimony  to  be  sworn  to  before  either  of  you, 
or  before  an  ollicer  duly  authori/.ed  to  administer  oaths. 

In  the  eases  of  missionaries  you  w  ill  not  riMpiire  the  authority  of  the 
Indian  aycnt,  subayent,  or  Coinmissioner  c/f  Indian  AlVairs  to  be  pro- 
diu'cd.  but  the  applicants  must  state  in  their  allidavits  that  their  pres- 
ence was  not  objected  to  by  said  a^cnt  or  Commissioner,  and  must  prove 
that  they  were  missionaries,  acting-  under  the  authority  of  some  reli.uious 
society. 

When  an  ap|)lication  is  made,  accompanie*!  by  the  allidavit  and  |iroof 
hen'in  reciuircd,  yon  will  ascertain  if  the  land  is  witiiin  the  couiiiry 
wherein  tlu!  party  is  authorized  to  purchase:  and  if  so,  and  y«iii  are 
satislied  with  the  allidavit  and  proof,  you  will  receive  the  same,  and 
iKito  the  tract  oil  your  records,  as  applied  for,  and  transmit  the  testi- 
mony to  this  Dllice,  when  it  will  be  immediately  examined,  and,  if  a;!- 
l»roved,you  will  be  so  notilied,so  that  the  iiarty  may  perfect  ids  eiitiy. 

I  inclose  a  diagram,  sliowin,^  the  limit  of  the  lands  ceded  by  tlie 
treaties,  and  the  reservations  within  which  the  privilege  of  purchase  is 
accorded. 

I  also  inclose  a  list  of  the  suspended  entries  which  were  heretofore 
allowed  ami  which  have  not  been  patented,  and  you  will  notify  tin' 
jiarties  that  they  must  conform  to  the  re(|uirements  of  these  iiisl ruc- 
tions within  ninety  days  IVoiii  dale  of  notice  or  their  entries  will  l»i' 
canceled. 


*V  '«.■; 


(MiiiM'KNVA  iiAhr-i»m;r,i>s  or  i.aki;  .sri'KUKHJ. 


207 


■'t'ltiiiiii'v  '2'2, 

l«'      rollowilln 

•'y:t's  Ml  the 

iiiIh'I',  IS:i|  : 

lull   i\\iV  (L'l 

at  I  lie  paily 

tc,    illlll     VVilS 

iiiiHsiiiiifi-  III' 
ifiil,  or  siiii 
ipatiop,  aiHJ 
«mI,  also  tli*> 
,  at  tilt'  <lah>. 
|)i*'il. 
'ssiv-i  ill  «'(ir- 

ir»'  I'illicr  of 

II  any  of  IIk^ 

may   ho  in 

tit'  piii'fliasi^ 

lion  fiiiliiiU'- 


I'aty,  Kt'lti'ii- 
(liii;^  ill  tlic 
i't,\  was  'Inly 
oiiiiiiissioiici' 
;it'iit,  «)!'  snh 
ipatioii,  ami 
tt'il,  also  till' 

OS  ill  cturob- 

tlior  of  you, 

lority  t»f  the 

S     tt>   lit'   |»l()- 

t  llii'ir  prt's- 

IllllSt    pi'OVt! 

lilt'  rt'liiiioiis 

til  ami  protil' 
tilt'  foiinlry 
iiitl  ytiii  arc 
t'  saint',  and 
it  tilt'  tt'sti- 
,  antl,  it  a;)- 
ft  liis  I'liliy. 
itU'd  l)y  tilt' 
puirliase  is 

t^  lit'ivtot'ort' 
1  notify  tilt' 
it'st'  instnic- 
ries  will  In' 


,'.s  tlit'st'  piit'tii'S  may  siihinit  till'  atlililional  proof  rt'tpiirctl,  ytiii  will 
transmit  !)i«^  saiiic,  r<'f«'rriii<;  to  this  h'ltfr,  ami  thi'  niiiiilii'i-  anil  liatf  t)f 
prt'vioiiH  I'litry  ;  at  thi'cntt  of  tlii'  ninety  tlays  reptnl  the  mimes,  nniiiltei' 
tif  entry,  ami  traets  t>f  lami  ttt  thttse  who  Iiiim'  I'aileil  to  respoml  to  the 
iiotiee,  so  that  their  entries  may  lie  eaneeUiil  from  the  reeonls. 

AtiKiiowletl^e  the  n ipt  of  this.  ■  • 

N frv  respt'clfully, 

WILMS  |)!MJMM(»N!>, 
'    '  ('oniinixxionrr. 

Mi'MifiViM  and  |{i',t  kim.u, 

hSuiiit  ('Iniiil,  I\liim.  '  '  - 


I)i;i'AliTMKNT  (tK  Tilt;    iNTKUKHf, 

(iKNKItAI,    IMNI) Ol'I'K  K, 
WnsliitHihnij  />.  ('.,  fhiiir  -."»,  IS?-. 

(il'.NTlJ'.MKN  :  rmler  <lat(>  of  l.'Uli  ultimo,  this  Olliei^  addresseil  n  com- 
iiiiini<Nitit>n  to  theCominissioner  ol  (mlian  Atfairs,  retpiestiii;;'  an  expres- 
sion of  his  tipinittn  as  tti  the  seope  a  ml  intent  of  the  tenth  artiele  of  t  lit) 
treaty  of  Septeinher  IW,  isril,  and  tht^  sixth  artiele  of  the  treaty  ol  I"'el»- 
riiary  L'L',  IS'ut.  T\\v  reply  tif  the.  Iltiii.  < 'oinmissioner,  tlated  <»th  instant, 
is  now  liefoie  me,  ami  is  siihstantially  a  etmeiirreiiee  in  my  views  in  the 
|)i'eiiiises. 

I  liavt^  tlierefort)  ttt  state,  ftir  your  informatittii  ami  ^iiidam^e,  in 
ilealiii}^'  with  appli<;atioiis  tti  enter  lamls  iimler  the  prt>visions  tif  the 
said  treaties — 

1st.  That  the  privilej-'e  eonfened  is  striefly  iiersoiial  in  its  eharae- 
ter,  ami  eaiinot  lu^  rt';;iirtletl  as  extemliii;;  tt>  willows  or  tlescendin^  to 
lieirs  of  detteasetl  jiersons  who,  if  livinj-',  woiiltl  he  eli<;ihlt^ 

L'tl.  That  I'cmcH  corrrt,  or  wives  who  wert^  resitiiii;;  in  the  ceiled 
iloinain  at  saitl  ilate,  in  (■oiijiinetion  with  their  hiishaiitls  and  seivaiits, 
or  umployi's  of  families  tlomieiletl  with  ami  ftirmin^' a  part  tlieret)!',  aru 
not  entitletl  to  tlii^  saitl  privilt';,^'. 

.'{il.  That  llm  only  <!lasses  of  persons  whoso  claims  trail  he  reeo^i- 
iii/.ed  are  interpreters  ami  laht)rers  in  the  at;tual  employ  of  Imliaii 
a;;eiits,  missionaries,  litu'iisetl  traders,  persons  who  were  tMi^^ajjed  in 
meehanittal  antl  prtilvssioiial  pursuits,  antl  persons  who  were  ai;tiii;;'  as 
clerks  to  lieensetl  trailers. 

Yon  will  therefore  reipiire  the  allidavit  ami  testimony,  as  luesfiihetl 
hy  t»ur  instrntrtioiis  of  Novemher  L'L',  last,  to  show  also  in  the  eases  o\' 
interpreters  ami  jiarties  t'laimiii<;  to  havtr  heeii  enyaj^t'il  on  the  saul 
tlomain,  at  the  saitl  tlate,  in  meehanieal  pursuits,  tht;  iireeise  eharaeter 
i)f  the  saitl  jnirsuit,  the  jioint  at  which  the  same  was  practit;etl,  ami  hy 
whose  aiitlnuity. 

In  the  eases  of  parties  elaimiiifr  to  havo  acted  in  the  capaeity  of  lahor- 
ers,  as  aforesaiil,  ami  clerks  to  licenstMl  tratleis,  you  will  reipiire  tliti 
iillidavit  antl  testimony  as  luescrihetl  by  our  instriuttions  of  Novemher 
L'L'  last,  to  further  show  the  points  at  which  the  apjilicant  was  eiii- 
jiloyed,  by  whom  eniployetl,  and  the  nature  and  amount  of  comi>eiisa- 
tion  receivetl. 


Very  respectfully. 


Register  and  h'EfiEiVKR, 

IS<(int  Cloud,  Minn. 


AVILLIS  DRUMMONI), 

(JomminHionvr. 


1 


h  : 


I 'A 

i.  '"•*' 
I"* 


,t       '.. 


r'      i. 


.•••!■ 


2()8 


CHIPPEWA    HALF-BREEDS    OF   LAKE    SUPERIOR. 


Department  of  the  Tntekior, 
Office  of  I?jijian  Affairs. 
Wash i in/ton^  IK  (\,  Febrnary  20,  ISTl. 
Sir:    Ticferriiij''  to  Office,  report  of  tlic  sei-oiul  iiistiint,  in   vi'Spdiiso 
to  a  resolution  of  the  I'nited  States  Senate,  dated  the   L'Ttii  nltimo 
eailinf"-  for  iiiforniution,  I  now  have  the  lionoi   to  transmit  herewitii  a 
''opy  of  the  majority  and  minority  reports,  (tofi'ether  with  accomjtany- 
in<>'  papers,)  of  tiie  commission  appointed  unih'r  <Iate  of  July  S,  IstL*, 
to  make  sueli  full  investigations  and  rei)ortr    would  enable  tlie  Depart- 
ment to  carry  out  the    ]uovisions  of  the  act  of   Con<>ress,  ajtproved 
.Iiuie  S,  1872,  entitled  "An  act  to  perfect  certain  laud-titles  liierein 
described.-'  • 

Very  resi»ectfullv,  vour  obedient  .servant, 

KUWD  P.  s:\nTir, 

CommLs.sioner. 
The  Hon.  Secretary  of  the  Interior. 


No.  1. 


Saint  Paii.,  Minx.,  Xonmhr)  a.">.  l-T'2. 


Sir  :  In  nrconlnnce  with  iiistrnctions  (■ontiiiiicd  in  voiir  IctterH  of  .Iiilv  1'),  ]r*7]>. 


IDUI 


July  — ,  IH72.  (It'siiriiiirin^  Tliomas  ('.Jones.  Eil\viir<l  1*.  Siiiitli,  iind  Daiiii  E.  luiii;  a 
V  ininiission  to  take  tcstinuiny  and  ii'iiort  npon  tlie  I'laiins  of  |»ai'tii's  asl<iii<r  i(>li"t"  iindci' 
provisions  of  IIk;  ac-t  of  C'on>f|-i'ss  of  June  H,  \i^72,  entitled  ••  Aii  act  to  |teileel  certaiM 
ian<l-litles  tlieiein  desci-ilied,''  tlu'V  met   at  the  eity  of  .Minneapolis,  Minn.,  wlieie  tliey 

had  h'anied  most  ofthe  elaiinaiits  resided  or  were  rei)r<'sented  by  aijents,  on  tlu^ day 

of  An<;nst.  I'i'T'i.  and  imniedi.ately  ea'ised  iiotiee  to  he  ])iihlislied  in  two  of  the  daily 
papers  piildished  in  ]Minnea)iolis,  and  also  two  |)a)iers  piil)lisli('d  in  thi^  eity  of  S;\\]\r. 
Paid,  of  the  time,  jjlaee.  and  (dijeet  of  their  session,  and  iiersmnil  notiet;  to  he  served 
on  ,1.  P.  Wilson,  of  Saint  Olond,  wliicdi   notice  and  the  answer  of  the.  said  M'ilson  to 


th 


e  same  an 


h 


ith  ti 


itted. 


After  eoiitinnin;^  the  session  a!  Mitmeaitolis  until  the day  of  Au'j;n.st,  dm  in;jj  whieli 

time  the  commission  visiteil  White  Earth  reservation,  other  (I utiles  reipiirinj;  llie  atten- 
some  parties  re- 


tion  of  Mr.  Smith  as  Intlian  anient,  and  the  com 


mission  learnii 


I  hat 


sidiii;;  ill  Nevada,  Utah,  and  California  h.idelaiins  wliieh  would  probably  be.  presenli 
it  was  determined  to  ad.junrn  the  session  to  the  llth  day  cf  November,  to  meet  at  the 
pity  of  Saint  I'anl,  Minn.,  notice  of  the  same  bein<«-  imblislied  in  tluj  papers  as  befnc, 
and  sent  by  mail  to  William  S.  Chapman,  San  Francisco.  Cal.,  iinderstooil  to  be  a  lai;;c 
claimant;  and  a'lOther  notice  served  iijion  EeiMie  A:  .Shaw,  of  Minneapoli.-,  attorneys, 
who  had  notitied  ns  that  a  cliiMit  of  theirs  liad  claims,  without  fuinishiiiji;  its  the  de- 
scription of  the  lands. 

The  duties  re(|iiir<  d  to  he  jierformed,  as  the  undersigned  understood  the  let^'is  ot  iii- 
8trn(dioiis,  were,  (irst,  to  hear  tiie  statements  and  eviih-nce  submitted  by  jiarties  who 
had  made,  or  were  interested  in  locations  (d'  lands  made  under  certiticates  issued  to 
7teisons  h(doiij;injj;  to  Chipiiewas  of  Lake  Superior,  under  the  treaty  concluded  at  La 
i'ointe.  Wis.,  September  !!<•,  l-^.')4,  sliowiiij^,  or  tendinji  to  show,  that   such  persons  ac- 


(iiiired  their  interest  iind  held  their  claims  in 


id  faith,  "and  th.it  the  lecatioiis  wei 


iiiaile  in  jjood  faith  and  by  innocent  liolders  of  the  same,""  with  a  view  to  ascertaining; 
what  persons  wt-n;  entitled  to  ndiei  under  the  before-iiieiitioned  act  of  Conj^ress. 

And  second,  to  make  an  ai)|iraisemeMt  of  the  lands  claimed  by  [lersons  ascertained  to 
be  entitled  to  purchase  under  said  act,  with  a  view  to  advishin  tlie  Secretary  of  the 
Interior  at  what  price  ])er  acre  siudi  hinds  should  lie  sold,  if  [nircliased  with  cash  or 
military  b  lunty-l.ind  warrants,  under  the  provisions  (d'  the  act.  (See  letter  of  Coiii- 
iiii  sioiier  of  Indian  All'airs,  dated  .July  1."),  1H7'2.) 

Notwithlstandinjj;  the!  efforts  made  by  the  commission  to  notify  parties  interested 
that  the  burden  was  upon  them  of  establisliiny;  the  fa<d,  t!Mt  their  chiiiiis  were  held  in 
jjood  faith.  A:c.,  in  too  many  instances  they  treated  the  matter  with  an  indilfen'rue 
which  indicated  that  they  siiit|)osed  they  were  in  no  danj^er,  unle.ss  the  Ooveniineiif 
should  be  able  to  connect  them  with  the  frauds  iiraclicc'd  lu  tlio  issuing  id"  the  certiti- 
cates, or  making'  the  locations. 

The  chums  investij;ateil  were  of  two  classes  : 

1st.  Locations  idaimed  to  have  been  made  uiultT  certificates  claimed  to  he  piii- 
chasud  of  half-breeds  or  their  assiuuees. 


I. 


CHIPPEWA   HALF-nUKEDS    OF    LAKE    SUPERIOR. 


2G0 


■■  1 


lOR, 

in  ivspcnise 
liTtli  ultimo, 
t  licrcwitii  ii 

ii('C(>ini);uiy- 

Iiil.v  s,  istL*, 
'  the  Dcpiirt 
^s,  npprovi'd 
itk'S  tlit'ieiii 


JITH, 

llllUi^siotH')'. 


mh)  ','.-).  1>7','. 
ly  ir..  l-'T'J.  iiii.l 
>;iiiji  K.  K\\\'^  II 
in^  rcli"!'  iiiidfi' 
])t'irc('l  ccirMiii 
nil.,  wlicrc  tlicy 

,  on  the liny 

,v()  (tf  tlic  iliiily 
lie  city  of  SMinr 

i(Mi  to  lie  scl'Vcil 
said  Wilson  to 

it,  (liiriny;  which 
iriiiH  I  hi-  utti'ii- 
loiiin  paitics  I'c- 
y  he  jiicsi'IiIcmI, 

to  iiii'ct  at  till' 
ipci's  as  l)i't'o'  0. 
)il  to  1)1'  ,'1  laiiii' 
>oli.--,  ,'ittoi'in'ys, 
liny;  us  the  (Ita- 
lic li't*^'  IS  ot  iii- 

Ity  i>aiti('s  wlio 
catcs  issued  to 
■oiu'lmled  at  I, a 
leh  persons  ac- 
'  liH'atioiis  were 

to  aseertainiiii; 

Colijil'ess. 
s  ascei'taiiied  to 
v'eretary  of  tin' 
I'd  with  cash  or 
lettiT  of  C'oiii- 

rties  interested 
lis  were  held  in 

[in  indill'eii'nre 
lie  (jloveiilMienf 

r  of  the  certili- 


1110(1  to  he  piir- 


2(1.  Tlie  (Oaims  of  tliose  wliose  locations  were  based  '.i])oii  what  are  calltul  "  per- 
soiiitl  applications"  iiia(l(t  at  the  land-oflice  liy  the  liaif-lireeds. 

15oth  classes  rested  upon  the  claiiii.s  of  [lersons  who  wel•t^  not  entitled  under  the 
treaty  of  \a\  I'oiiite,  liecaiise  not  at  that  time  heads  of  families,  or  sin;;le  persons  of  the 
iiiiNcd  hlood  of  the  Chippewas  of  Lake  .Superior  over  the  ajio  of  twenty-one  years,  and 
I'lust  Thi'refor(!  ho  rej^arded  as  void  under  the  order  of  the  Secretary  of  the  Interior  of 
>..iicli  IH.  \^7-i. 

The  jiaities,  tlieretore,  elaiminj?  under  these  iireteiided  personal  applications  had  no 
valid  cl;iim  in  law  or  ('(piity  ae;aiust  the  (loveriimen^. 

Tlu!  claims  of  the  oritiiiial  parties  beiujj  fraudulent  and  invalid,  and  not  in  their 
nature  iief;otiable,  and  declared  not  to  he  assijjnabhi  in  any  form,  the  assijrnee,  however 
honest  an(l  innocent  of  tiie  oriy;inal  fraud,  ac(|uiiv(l  nothini;  by  his  purchase. 

Nor  was  it  the  i>uri)ose  of  the  act  of  Conjrress,  notwithstandiiij;-  the  lau;^uaj>e  of 
its  title,  to  r('co;;nize  (M'  jiive  Viilidity  to  these  (daiiiis  or  their  trjinsfer. 

This  act  provides  ''  that  the  Secretary  of  the  Interior  is  hereby  aiitliorized  io  permit 
Ihf  piirrliase  iritli  ciish,  «v  with  military  lionnty-land  warrants,  of  such  lands  as  may  liav(! 
been  located  with  claims  aiisin<;  under  the  seventh  clause  of  tin?  second  arlicli^  of  tlie 
treaty  of  Se|itember  ;!(),  l."^.">l,  at  such  ]uice  p.'r  acn^  as  tht!  Secretary  of  the  Interior 
shall  deem  c(iuitalde  and  projiei',  but  not  at  a  less  )uiee  than  .Sl.'i.")  i)er  acre,  ami  that 
the  owners  and  holders  of  such  claims  in  <jood  faith  lie  also  permitted  toeomplete  their 
entries  and  jierfect  their  titles  under  such  claims  upon  mmplunKT  trilli  Ihv  terms  alutve 
mciitiiiiKil :  jirovii      i  that  it  sliall  be  sliown  to  the  satisfaction  of  the  Secretary  of  the 


Interior  tliat  said  (dainis  ;ire  held  bv 


[■('lit  p.'irties  ill  j>(iod  faith,  and  that  the  hica- 


tions  made  iiiidiM'  such  claims  have  been  madt;  in  uood  faith,  and  by  innocent  holders 
of  the  same.'' 

Tiiis  is  the  whole  of  the  act  of  ('oii;iress  enabling;;  tile  Secretary  of  the  Interior  to 
jiiant  relief  as  now  asked  by  these  <daimaiits. 

The  liist  matter  that   ennaucd   the   attention  of  the  cmnuiission  was  to  deti'rmiiie 


what  fraud  is  referred  ti 


re^'iird  to  wiiiidi  the  claimants  nuist  be  innocent  and  hold 


in  fiood  faith.     This  we  suppose  (o  be  settled  by  the  order  of  the  Secretary  of  the  Ii 


terio 


.f  .Mar( 


h  bS  l.<7-> 


ifi-  tl 


le  construction  fonmu-lv  iciv(Mi  to  the  treatv,  which 


allowed  the  Chippewasof  mixed  Idood  to  (daiiii  its  benetits  without  establishing;  any 
(onii('(ttioii  with  tli(!  Chippewas  of  Lake  Superior ;  and  lindiiii"'  that  only  the  "-iT."*  pi'r- 
sons  who  had  leeeived  certilieates  known  as  tin;  (iilbert  scrip,  and  4.")  perstms  jiieii- 
tioned  in  the  re[)oit  of  Ajfent  Sniitli  and  the  report  of  a  former  coiumissioii  iieriMii.iiad 
cstaldished  any  ciaiui  to  be  initit  led  under  .said  treaty,  and  also  declariii<;-  that  "  all  the 
so-called  scrip  issued  iimhsr  this  titjaty,  exceid  such  as  is  (leiiomiimted  '  (iilbert  scrip.' 
is  so  tainted  iiy  actual  and  clearly  established  frauds  )>raetic(ul  in  issuinj;it  under  tht! 
construction  before,  veftMi'ed  to  as,  in  my  opinion,  to  di^iuive  these  certili(;ates  of  any 
value  or  validit\',  even  for  the  purpose  of  deteriiiiniiijf  the  identity  of  the  iiersons  en- 
titled to  the  beiielits  of  the  treaty." 

Clearly,  if  the  jiarties  now  askiiifi  relief  participated  in  the  frauds  practiced  in  issninjj; 
this  scrip,  or  h;ul  kiiowied;;e  of  them  at  or  bebuc  they  ai'(|nired  the  interest  now 
(daine'd  :  that  is,  if  they  in  any  way  aided  the  persons  to  lu'ociiri!  eertilieates,  wlio  were 


now  a  to  lie  not  entitled,  >tv  |Mirchast 


d. 


or  suspect  in;H'  that,  they  had  lieeii  thus 


fraudulently  ot)taiiied,  such  claimants  arc  not  entitled  to  the  benelits  of  this  act. 

In  res]»ect  to  these  matters,  they  are  rciiuircd  to  show  that  they  are  innocent,  and 
liold  their  ( l.'iims  in  ;;;dijd  lailii. 

All  the  ])arties  wlio-ie  claims  are  enibr.'iced  in  this  rep<M't  luive  Ix'eii  befori!  lis  and 
examined  at  leii,y;lli  and  in  det.'iil  as  t.)  the  origin  <d'  their  claims,  and  tlndr  kiiowledi>o 


.f  tl 


le  cirei.iiiistanccs  iinde 


ihich   the  certilicatt 


i.ssiied,  and   the  constriictioii 


j;iveii  to  the  laiigua;>i' of  llie  treaty  dispensiii;;  with  |)roof  (d'  the  connection  of  the 
lia If- breeds  with  the  ( 'liijipewas  ot  Lake  .Superior,  ».V:c.,  and  all  the  circumstances  coii- 
nceted  with  the  niakiiij;-of  the  locations.  This  testimony,  taken  liefore  the  cominisslDU 
)iy  an  oflicer  aiitliorized  to  take  depositions,  is  herewith  transmitted,  and  the  cx.iiniiia- 
tioii  will  be  found  to  la;  thoroii;;h  and  si'art  hini;'.  as  in  mir  opinion  the  demands  of  jus- 
tice re(|nire,  where  parties  anM'xamined  as  witnesses  in  their  own  liehalf. 

The  eomniission  has  also  tiikeii  the  testimony  (d'siieh  other  parlies  as  they  supposed 
had  any  coniiection  with  thi'se  transactions,  or  sindi  knowledge  of  theiu  as  would  ena- 
ble 111. 'in  to  throw  lii;ht  upon  the  matter  under  in\  estimation. 

This  testimony  reveals  a  reckless  carelessness  in  luakiii;;  larjje  purcliases,  and  wo 
think,  on  the  piirt  of  many  of  the  claimants,  ^nilty  ));irtieipatioii  in  an  ingenious  de- 
vice to  evade  the  onleis  ol  t  'h'  d'overninenl.  mad(!  under  the  law  ,  decl.'iriii;;'  the  inten^st 
of  tin'  hall-breeds  iinas.siHn^ilde.  Indeed,  as  I  Ik'sc  cert  ilicates  were  so  declared  oii  tlieir 
face,  the  fact  must  be  assumed  to  haxc  been  known  to  every  )uir(  hasei. 

To  evade  tliis  judvision  made  to  protect   the  half-breed  tVoiii    the  acts  of  those  who 


sluuild  attempt  to  tal 


idvantani'  ot    his  iirnorance  and   his  necessities,  two  poueis  ol 


attorney  were  atla(died  to  ciuh  eei  t  ilicate,  mit!  authori/'.in;^'  entries  to  he  made  of 
kinds,  by  an  attorney  on  beliali  td'  the  half-breed,  and  the  other  aiithorizinij;  convey- 
ance to  he  made  of  these  lands  after  ii.ileiils  should  he  procured. 


V  t 


Ik:.- 


-l..!'^^ 


r-  ..  r.V' 


■'».■    ■■*,■ 


••*!' 


•r    a"" 


li'v.  ■f'tli 

!|«.     ■.,   •   •  111. 


X: 


270 


CHIPPEWA   lEALF-DREEDS    OF    LAKE    SUPERIOR. 


These  jinwers  were  in  blank  as  to  naim-sof  tlio  attorney,  the  description  of  tlio,  lands 
and  iiersons  to  wliont  conveyances  hLoiiM  bt;  nuulo,  and  wijre  tlins  transferred  tVoni 
lian(t  to  iiand,  and  were  li^nnd  for  sale  in  tlu;  banks  in  tiie  cities  of  8aint  Pan",  and  Min- 
Deapolis.  Of  conrse  these  ])ai)ers,  beinj?  a  frandnlent  dtn'ico  to  defeat  the.  [mrposes  of 
tins  law,  were  of  no  validity  whatever,  and  beinj^  deeds  execnted  in  blank,  woidd  li;i\ c 
bt!(!n  rendered  invalid  if  tilled  np  after  delivery.  They  wtsre,  moreover,  in  their  nutm-c, 
revokable  at  the  pleasure  of  the  half-breed.  The  commission  is  deeply  sensiidc  that 
great  wronjjs  have  been  done  by  frandnlent  practices  of  this  sort,  to  defeat  the  clforts 
of  the  Government  to  protiict  tlii!  ignorant  half-breeds. 

But  this  does  not  appear  to  be  the  fraud  to  which  reference  is  made  in  the  act  of 
Congress  as  excluding  parties  from  its  benelit,  although  it  is  believed  to  be  high  tinu; 
ibr  the  Government,  in  vimlication  of  its  own  dignity,  to  declare  that  it  will  no  longer 
tt>lerate  these  evasions  of  its  policy. 

But  in  respect  to  the  fraud.s  in  issuing  the  -.lertificates,  or  in  procuring  them  to  he  is- 
sued, ill  violation  of  the  true  construction  of  the  treaty,  or  to  parties  not  entitled  under 
its  provisions,  wo  do  not  tind  that  any  of  the  parties  whose  claims  are  here  r(;portid 
are  in  any  way  implicated.  Indeed,  the  testimony  tends  to  show  tliat  these  ]iarties 
Lad  very  little  knowledge,  and  nnide  no  in([uiry  on  that  siibject.  Their  attention,  it 
is  believed,  was  not  directed  to  it,  the  parties  who  got  up  the  scheme  having  managed 
it  with  wonderful  prudence  and  caution. 

A  considerable  portion  of  the  claims  presented  to  the  commission  are  for  locntioiis 
not  mad(!  under  certilicates,  but  under  personal  applications  made  by  the  half-breed  at 
the  land-ofli('e. 

A  printed  form  seems  to  have  been  prepared  for  these  applications  by  J.  P.  Wilson, 
aftt!)'  consultation  with  the  registi^r  of  the  Saint  Cloud  land-oHiee.     When  an  a))i)li(.ii 
tion  of  this  sort  was  made,  the  tract  applied  for  was  designattMl  on  the  plat.     Many  of 
the  half-breeds  were  unable  to  sptrak  or  understand  the  English  language,  but  the  oath 
\vas  always  administered  in  English,  witlmut  exjilanation. 

The  gi^neral  practice  was  to  purchase  the  interest  of  the  half-breed  before  the  claims 
■were  approved  at  Washington. 

These  half-breeds  came  from  the  Pembina  region,  and  some  of  thom  from  across  the 
British  line  and  some  from  Fort  Garry. 

The  abdications  of  husband  and  wife  were  both  received  without  question,  as  well 
as  the  claims  of  the  half-l)reeds  from  Canada,  and  this  under  the  pretense  that  siicli 
things  h.id  b(H;n  ai)pros-ed  at  Washington.  But  it  appears  that  the  only  inforuiation 
tlu!  oliicers  at  Washington  had  was  such  as  was  transmitted  from  the  local  ollices, 
•whudi  Ticver  disclosed  the  objectionable  matters  hero  referred  to. 

The  liuids  sele<;ted  by  these  half-breeds  living  ou  the  Red  River  and  Canaila  were 
situate  in  Cass  County,  ou  the  Mississippi  River  and  its  tributaries,  and  liapi)ened  to 
be  a  very  superior  ([uality  of  pine-lands,  but  the  pretended  half-brecids  of  Cliippewas  of 
Lake  Sui»eiior  knew  nothing  of  their  value  or  location,  the  selections  being,  iu  fact, 
made  l)y  tlie  paities  who  were  dealing  with  tlHsm. 

Till .  .i[)plii'!itions  were  freciueiitly  left  blank  as  to  the  descriptions  of  the  lands,  its 
were  the  jiowers  of  attorney,  as  to  the  pe'sons  to  whom  they  were  to  lie  conveyed, 
tlumgli  the  barj^ain,';  for  the  purchase  se(un  to  have  been  made  in  every  instance  before 
the  ai)plieations  were  made  at  the  land-ollice. 

These  aiiplications  iiiiist  all  be  regarded  as  fraudulent  and  void,  under  the  order  of 
the  Secretary  of  the  Interior,  iilready  ([uoted.  There  is,  in  fact,  no  pretext  of  evidence 
to  show  that  the,  jiersoiis  in  whose  name  they  were,  made  were  half-breeds,  related  to 
the  (Jliipiiewas  of  Lake  SuiKuior,  twisnty-ime  years  of  age,  or  heads  of  families  at  tlu! 
date  of  the  iKdbie-mentioiied  treaty,  and,  thi^'efore,  by  the  literal  aiiplicatiou  of  tlic 
act  of  ■Iniie  H,  IST-J^  tiic  li()ldiTsof  claims  under  these  ap[ilications  wonhl  not  beeiitillcil 
to  ridief  under  it,  tliough  they  ae(|uired  their  claims  without  knowlt'dge  of  this  fraud, 
and  are  now  innocent  holders;  for  the  act  renuires  that  the  Secretary  of  the.  Interior 
shall  be  satisfied,  not  only  that  the  claims  are  held  in  good  faith,  "  but  also  that  loia- 
tioiis  miide  under  such  claims  have  been  made  in  good  faith,  and  by  innocent  holih'rs 
of  the  same." 

But  this  I'videutly  has  reference  to  the  locations  made  under  certilicates,  kaviuy 
those  made  by  personal  apidications  without  any  express  iirovision  applicable  to  tliein. 

But  it  oci  Hired  to  us  that  the  holders  of  these  (dainis  were  in  eiiuity  as  mindi  en- 
titled to  relief  as  those  holding  under  certilicaces,  and  ought  to  be  governed  by  the 
same  principh;. 

We  therefore  took  testimony  in  rehdion  to  them,  and  have  since  received  inslructions 
from  the  Acting  Secretary  of  the  Interior  to  iiu  Imle  them  in  our  reitort.  The  locations 
in  thi^se  cjises  have  not  been  made  in  good  faith,  as  the  act  re(|uires;  but  if  this  clause 
is  to  be  lu'ld  as  applying  only  to  locations  niadt^  under  certilicates,  which  we  li(dieve, 
were,  in  most  ciises,  nunle  by  or  for  juesent  hohhus,  we  can  scu;  a  very  good  reason  lor 
its  application,  which  docs  not  exist  as  against  those  claiming  iiiuh'r  the  ])ersonal  iip- 
jilications,  .iiid  who,  if  ignorant  of  the  fraud  in  making  them,  may  be  regarded  as  iu- 
uocent  holders. 


)R. 


CHIPPEWA   HALF-RREEDS    OF    LAKE    SUPERIOR. 


271 


;ion  of  the  lands, 
triiiisfiiTfil  tVom 
lit  Paul  and  Min- 

i  tilt'    ltlU|>().SH8  l)t' 

auk,  would  luivc 
r,  iu  their  iiiitmc, 
fily  Hensililf  tliMt 
loi'ciit  the  eltbrt.s 

ulo  in  tlie  act  of 
I  to  be  liif^h  tiiiit! 
it  will  110  longer 

\<r  tiieni  to  1)0  is- 
ut  entitled  under 
re  here  rtjported 
lat  these  iiarties 
heir  attention,  it 
having  managed 

are  for  locntions 
the  half-breed  at 

by  J.  P.  Wilson, 
Vheii  an  apidien- 
o  nlat.  !Maiiy  of 
age,  but  the  oath 

before  the  ehiinis 

a  from  across  the 

question,  as  well 
etenso  that  such 
only  iiit'orniatliiii 
the  local  oilices, 

uul  Canada  were 
nut  happened  to 
of  Chippewas  of 
s  being,  iu  fact, 

of  the  lauds.  ;is 

to  be  conveyed. 

instance  before 

der  the  order  of 

text  of  evidence 
U'eeds,  related  to 
if  families  at  the 

plication  of  tlie 
(I  not  be  entitled 

re  of  this  frauit, 

of  the  Interim' 

At  also  that  loca- 

unocent  luddcrs 

tifieates,  leaving 
licable  to  them, 
ity  as  nuieh  en- 
governed  by  the 

ived  instructions 
.  The  locations 
nt  if  this  clause 

,hich  we  believe, 
good  reason  lur 

the  personal  up- 
regarded  as  iu- 


lu  these  cases,  as  in  the  others,  the  testimony  tends  t<  show  that  the  parties  whoso 
claims  tuo  embraced  in  our  rejiort  had  no  knowledge  of  the  frands  iiractlced  in  allow- 
ing the  aj)plieations  of  (lersons  who  were  not  entitled  under  the  treaty,  and  in  respect 
to  that  appear  to  be  lu)lders  in  good  faith. 

Hut  here,  as  in  the  eases  under  the  certificates,  we  find  participation  by  the  holder.s 
to  defeat  the  policy  of  this  Ooverninent  in  regard  to  the  assignment  of  the  claims  of 
the  half-breeds,  by  the  use  of  bhink  jiowers  of  attfU'uey  under  which  it  was  expectetl 
the  land  would  be  conveyed  to  the  purchaser,  after  the  patent  should  be  issued  iu  the 
name  of  the  lialf-b  eed. 

Having  settled  these  ((uestions  we  are  rciinired  to  make  an  appraisement  of  the 
lands,  "  with  a  view  to  advising  tlie  Secretary  of  the  Inti^rim'  at  what  price  per  aero 
said  land  should  bis  sold,  if  ]mrclifised  Avith  casli  or  military  bounty  laud-warrants." 

The  act  provides  that  the  Secretary  of  the  Interior  may  allow  tlu»  jmrchase  at  such 
price  per  acre  as  he  "  shall  deem  eipiitable  and  ])ropcr,  but  not  less  than  SL'^io  jier  acre.'' 
Nejirly  all  the  lands  embraced  in  the  claims  presented  to  the  commission  we  be- 
lieve to  be  the  best  ([uality  of  (Jovcrnmeiit  pine-lamls  to  be  found  iu  Minnesota  at  the 
time  of  making  the  selections,  and  most  of  them  are  held  by  parties  largely  engaged 
in  the  manufacture  of  lumber,  who  seem  to  have  selecteil  them  with  a  view  to  future 
use.  as  none  of  the  timber  has  yet  been  cut  n)ion  these  lands. 

The  present  holders  have  ])aid  for  the  certificates  or  for  the  interest,  under  personal 
ai>i>lications,  sums  ranging  from  !i<t..^iO  to  about  i$4  or  §4.50  per  acre,  the  testimony  in 
regard  to  this  being  gentirally  indelinite. 

Under  these  circumstances  what  should  be  the  rule  for  determining  the  equitablo 
and  jiroper  amount  to  be  paid  by  persons  cltiiming  these  lauds,  and  now  asking  to  be 
allowed  to  purchase  them  of  the  Government,  and  have  .1  perfect  title  to  the  same? 

They  have  no  title  in  law  or  equity,  as  the  persons  from  whom  rhey  claimed  to  have 
purchased  fu"  derived  their  title  had  no  claim  uiKUi  the  Government  for  the  binds,  a.s 
they  were  not  the  class  of  [lersons  d(>scribed  in  the  treaty  ;  nm-  can  it  be  said  that  the 
order  of  the  Secretary  of  the  Interior  inaking  this  adjudication  is  unjust,  because  it 
makes  jirovisions  for  any  persons  named  in  these  lists  claiming  to  hv  Chippewas  of 
mixed  blood  within  the  meaning  of  the  treaty  of  La  Pointe  to  apjiear  before  tho 
inoper  iigent  and  make  jtroof  of  tins  same,  in  the  manner  provided  in  the  order. 

It  is  believed  that  the  27S  persons  to  whom  the  Gilbert  .scrip  issued,  and  the  45  per- 
sons lucutioiied  In  the  re]iort  of  Agent  Smith  and  the  report  of  the  prior  commission 
herein,  embrace  all  the  Chijipewas  of  mixed  blood  that  are  so  entitled;  but  if  it  is 
claimed  that  there  are  others  among  those  to  whmn  this  scrip  issued  or  who  made  per- 
Bonal  applications,  here  is  ample  opportunity  for  them  to  establish  their  claims. 

The  (Toverunieut  has  only  set  asiile  the  pretcniled  evidence  heretofore  taken  as  so 
tainted  with  fraiuLas  to  be  of  no  validity  for  any  purpose. 

Cases  now  befon)  us  therefore  are  assumed  to  be  without  any  just  foundation  to  rest 
ujion,  and  the  present  ludders  are  allowed  to  make  luirchase  of  the  lands  that  have 
Vieeii  stdecttd  on  the  ground  that  they  may  have  been  misled  by  the  fraudulent  or  neg- 
ligent conduct  of  ))arties  in  the  employ  of  the  (iovernmeiit. 

It  is  urged  in  behalf  of  these  [larties  that  it  would  be  equitable  to  consider  what 
they  have  jiaid  in  the  purchase  of  this  so-called  scrip  and  the  interest  of  those  who 
made  the  iiersonal  applications. 

While  the  (Tovernment,  as  nell  as  an  individual  under  similar  circumstances,  would 
be  disposed  to  <leal  liberally,  it  is  ob\ious  that  't  would  not  do  to  establish  tins  rule  of 
crediting  a  party  for  the  amount  paid  for  a  franduh'Ut  claim,  because  of  the  want  of 
dilig<'nce  in  its  invest  nation.  And  tlint  this  is  not  the  intention  of  the  Ciovermucnt  is 
obvious  from  the  fact  that  the  iiet  of  Cmigress  provides  that  in  no  case  shall  the  pur- 
chase be  allowed  for  less  than  sl.\>'y  \)vv  acre. 

In  making  t!icse  pureh.ises  the  parties  were  aware  that  they  were  incurring  pretty 
setioiis  risks.  The  lands  were  not  in  the  market  nor  .subject  to  entry,  and  some  of 
them  were  not  even  surveyed. 

Ibit  it  was  important  that  those  dealing  iu  piue-lar.ds  should  secure  choice  pieces  in 
advance  of  the  general  public,  and  tor  this,  ov  even  a  chance  deiiending  ujioii  the  coii- 
tiugeiicv  of  a  conveyance  l»y  the  half-bivd  or  his  attorney  after  issuing  of  the  imtent, 
they  were  willing  to  tiay  their  money. 

linder  tin;  act  of  .luue  8,  18T'2,  those  holding  in  good  faith  are  not  merely  to  be  per- 
mitted to  hold  the  coiitinger.t  interest  they  supposed  they  inircliased  from  the  half- 
breed,  but  to  stand  as  a  direct  purchaser  from  the  Government,  with  a  valid  and  per- 
fect title. 

Nor  is  it  consistent  with  justice  to  allow,  as  has  been  claimed,  a  charge  against  the 
(ioverninent  for  the  <sxi»enses  incurred  in  ineking  out  its  best  lands.  Tlicse  expenses, 
according  to  the  testinumy.  ajipear  to  have  been  about  one  dollar  per  acre. 

These  Iiarties  having  designated  what  they  want,  the  question  is,  what  the  lands 
they  have  selected  are  worth— what,  under  all  tho  circumstances,  should  they  be  re- 
quired to  pay  if 
It  has  been  urged,  iu  defense  of  the  purchase  of  these  interests  that  were  not  assign- 


''i'! 


Si- 


.»•  ,    I, 

k  '  ■■ 

vi,  }."«■'■ 


!i''     ■■  '■  ■ 

i  .--:'■;: 
*  ■ .  ■■■"  ■  •, 


tj,.r 


I J   'i  'Ml 


■e-Mt 


■!i 


272 


CIliriM'-WA    lIALF-IUiKKltS    Ol'    l.AKK    Sl'I'KUIOK. 


alilc,  tli;it   this  iiraclico  liad  Ui-tMi  Haiu'tioticd  liy  tln«  (iDVonniiciit  in  oilier  siinjlj 


W 


»•  sii|i|i(i.s)>  it  N  true 


tli.'it   ) 


mrciiasc.M  o 


t'  lliiN 


s  Noil   liavc  iii'fii  inadi'  to  noiiu-  cxIcili 


!•>  t< 


uihI  it  may  Ix'  I  hat  'ocal  ollicrrs  iinliiccily  aiili'd  it ;  hut  iiow  i-oiiltl  tiu>  inaltcr  coinr  to 
till'  kliowlctlf;!'  ol   I'.ic  tJovcI'liini'lit  .' 

Tlif  arraii<<i'iiit'iits  with  llir  liall'-lu'ciMlf*  coiilil  not  hi;  ollirially  roiniiinniratcil  tour 
r.'i'onlcil  in  any  (ioviMiinirnl  ollin'  anil  llu'  iialcnf  in  cvriy  caHf  iNsiird  IoHh'  JiiiH'. 
hrci'd.  'I'lii'  (It't'd  cxci'iilcil  under  the  iireleiided  imwerof  attiil'iiey  eonveyin;;  the  land 
to  till"  pnrehaNei'  would  only  he  loiind  in  tlu<  recorder's  oHiee  of  tin;  coniily  where  the 
hind  was  siliiated. 

Xo  traee  of  these  transactions  eoiild  In-  I'oiind  at  Washiii^^toii.  or  in  any  local  ollice 
of  the  (Jciicral  (Jovcriiineiil. 

'J'lie  imrchasers  were  therefore  <lealin^  with  (larties  that  had  no  power  to  sell,  ni- 
teni(il  inf>- lo  )iiirchase  what  was  in  ils  nature  not  nejiotiahle,  with  a  knowleilne  ili;i|, 
ils  no.;otiatioii  was  |iroliihited  hy  the  (ioverninent,  and  must  therefore,  accordiiiL:  lo 
I'Very  rule  of  law  and  Justice,  he  held  to  luirehase  snltject  to  (>very  inllrniily  the  tliiii;,' 


liai'iaiiicd  for  had  in  the  hands  of  the  ori;;'inal   holder.     In  aiiv  vi< 


>f  tl 


le  case  Ihrv 


are  not  inasiliiation  to  claim   that  the  (ioverniueni  led  them   intoihe   hiisiness,  .inci 
iiinst  therefore  lose  hy  creilitin;;'  them  with  the  exiienses  incurred  and  money  paiil  In 


niaUni<;  the  jtiircliases. 

We  ha\e  taken  testimony  of  parlies  and  their  ap'iits  where  they  appear  lo  he  in- 
formed in  ri't;ard  to  the  characler  aiid  value  of  these  lands,  ami  of  such  other  |>i'isiiiis 
as  we  could  tiiid  who  had  the  information  n(>cess,'iry  to  form  an  opinion  of  their  v.'ihic. 

Mr.  T.  M.  Walker,  iulcrcsled  in  the  claims  )ucseiiled  hy  the  linn  of  Ihiller  iV  Wiilkii-, 
and  as  liaxinj;  iiiade  selcclions  for  II.  T.  Welles,  in  which  he  appears  to  have  a  cdmIiii- 
;;ciit  interesl.  and  also  who  jucseiits  a  larne  amount  of  claims  in  his  own  ri;;hl,  snins 
e\cecdln<;ly  familiar  with  all  tlit^  lands  included  in  the  locatimis  claimed  hefoii'  ijie 
commission. 

This  witness  juits  the  ]Mice  at  from  ■^'t  tosld  jier  acre,  .-ind  thinks  the  liiud  ciniiiinl 
by  Walker  ;iiid  lliitler  iV  Walker,  in  the  sprinj;df  I'^Tl,  at  an  averaj;e  of '^l!  peraiir: 
says  he  h;is  liccn  more  or  less  over  the  lamls  claimed  hy  other  parties  helore  the  luin- 


)ii.  and  that  they  will  avi'iii;;'!' o.OllO  feet  of 


•r  per  iicre  ;  the  hesi  S.diiil  CtI, 


and  some  forty-acre  lols  will  average  lil.diKI  feet  per  acre  ;  that   they  are  mostly  f.i 
a  lily  loc.ilcd  tor  dii  vin;;'  the  tons.    (Tiie  lo^s,  si  umpa.nc,  according  to  all  I  he  tcslirnony, 
are  worth  from  .s-J.fiO  Ios;{  per  thousand  feet.) 


William   1'.  .\nkiiev,  whose  linn,  Auknev,  I'elit  \'    K'ohinsoi 


acres   licfiiK 


the  commission,  si  I  n.'itc  and  ahoni  ei|iial  in  <iualily  with  the  rest,  says  it  is  woiili  IVom 
^■j  to  8H'  per  acre  ;  tluit  he  has  |iai(l  rather  iiiiilcr  §:>  per  thousand  feel  for  stiiiiip;iu:c. 
The  tiriii  to  which  this  witness  helonifs  is  anion^  tho  lai'}j;est  inainifactnr<M's  of  hiiiiUrr 


in  th 


«tiite, 


l>.v 


W.  W.  Hale,  another  cliiiinaut  and  liiinbcriiian,  puts  the  valutM?r  the  f^O  acres  claiiiicd 


M: 


limi  at  sti.'iO  ]ier  ;irre, 


ililan 


Mlack.  who  has  heeii  :i  land-surveyor  for  the  last  lil'leen  years,  savs  he  has 


oxamincd  the  lands  near  I'okcjioma   l^akc,  where  most  of  these  lands  are  silualed,  ai 
that  they  were  wurlh  in  Ir'iVJ  or  If'Td  as  follows: 
Lands  in  — 

Townshi])  .").■),  raii,q;e  ','(!.  at  $7  to  ^jiS  ])er  jicre. 
'i"owiishi|>  II!.',  raiine  H(l,  at  !?.">  to  iijs  jii'r  acre. 


rau^e  :U,  at  §4  to  ifs  per  acre. 


Township  Iliil,  i 

Township  1  1(1.  S 

Township  fi'-i.  )  .,,.      .   ..,.  ,     ..  , 

„,  I  • '-•>   ;  ranjri?  ~'ti,  at  ■•?(>  to  ?f.i  i 

J  ow  nsliip  .).i,  ^        "        '        I  '1 

'I'ow  nsliip  III,  ranne  v.'-'.  at  ^{\  to  !jH  per  acre 


ler  acre. 


Town 


1 :'..-. 


•■i'.K  at  ST  toS^ 


jicr  acre. 


That  these  lamls  have  advanced  in  value  at  the  rale  of  I'J  per  cent.  ))er  annum  siiKc, 
that  period. 

.lonathan  Chase,  a  lumherni;in  of  ex)iericnce,  juits  the  land  ahoiit  Pokenoma  L:ikcat 
ahout  js'.t  per  acre,  and  the  lands  of  Ihitler  A   Walker  at  silt  per  acre. 

The  ciVect  of  all  the  leslimoiiy  before  the  c(Piiiniission  leads  us  to  believe  llnil  thesis 
lands  are  worth  at  private  sale  from  live  to  ei^lil  dolljirs  )ier  acre.  Ihil,  accordliiL;  to 
the  scale  of  prices  which  have  generally  ruled  at  ))ulilic  sales  of  such  hinds  hy  and  ion, 
the  (Jovenimeiit,  unless  some  nieasurcs  were  adopted  for  protection  a;;'ainst  a  cnmliina- 
"  •  "  "  ....  ..  I  ii 

ow  I  llcsc 


tioii  of  bidders,  would  not,  in  our  o|tiiiion,  realize  more  than  .S'---"'"  l"'i'  acre,  "  !i 
seems  to  us  that  it  would  be  •  ci|uitalile  and  projier'  for  the  (ioverument  to  allow  I 
claimants  to  [mrchase  their  entries  at  such  rates  as  tlie  (ioviinimiMit  would  be  likely  to 


reieiM'  in  its  own  niarkei. 

'  Whether  the  amount   likely  to  be  reali/ed  in  such  ma 


j;reater  or  less  than  our  estimate,  as  ;ib 


rket  at  this  period  would  Ix 


an   hi'  belter  deterniilled  from  the  iciiinls 


of  the  Gcuural  Land  Ollicu  of  sales  of  piiic-laiids  hercloloro  mado  in  this  folate,  and  boiu 


Cllll'l'l-WA    lIALl'-ltUKlUiS    <>1'    LAKK    SUI'KUIOU. 


273 


II  otlicr  siiiiihu' 

to  HOllll'  CXll'lll. 
■  lllllltcr  fiMiii'  Id 

iiiiiiiicati'il   III  111' 

I    to  till'   li:iir- 

ivr.viii;^  the  ImihI 
miily  wIhtc  ilu' 

Miiy  liK'iil  (illiiT 

lower  to  sell,  ;it- 
kllii\vlc(l;i('  lli:i|, 
n't'.  arcnnliii^  m 
iniiily  tlic  tliiuj; 
of  llit>  cnnc  liny 

1(1     IlllsillCSS.   .'Illll 

I  inoiify  paiil   ill 

ii]i|H'iir  to  111'  iii- 
I'li  iillii'r  in'i-iiiiis 

II  of  llit'ir  v:iliii'. 

SlltllTlV    Wlllkrr, 

III  ll.'lVC  Jl  fllllllll- 
iWll  rijillt,  srriils 
limed    liel'iiie  llie 

lie  liinii  cliiiiiii'il 

I!  of  Sti  |)er  Mrrr  ; 
I  liel'iil'C  I  lie  riiiii- 
e  1m>sI  S.OIIO  C'l'l, 
M'l'  iiioHtly  1,1  \  111 - 
ill  the  test  iiiiiiiiy, 

'■IW  acres  lii't'iiio 
it  is  worth  IVom 
t  lor  stiiiii)i;ij;i'. 

tiii'iM.s  of  liiiiiUi  r 

81)  acres  cliiiiiied 

ears,  says  lie  liiis 
ai'c  situated,  and 


])(M'  aillllllll  silire 

ikej;iiinii  l/ilKc  ;it, 

lievo  that  tlii'si^ 
'lilt,  accoriliiiL;  to 
aiids  liy  aiiclioii, 
iiiiist  a  coiiiliiiiii- 
ler  ai'i-e.  '■  ami  iL 
lit  to  allow  \hr>.i: 
oiild  lii^  likely  111 

|peiiod  would  I'l' 
friiiii  the  recorils 
s  State,  and  fioMi 


the  re.siiKs  of  the  |iiiu'-Iaii(I  •  ales  in  the  iiniiiediate  vicinity  of  those  entrieM  under  con- 


idei'iitioii,  which  are  crileied  for  Ilie  iiionihs  of  |)i4ci'iii1iei 


mil  .faiiiiai'v  next  eiiHiiiii};. 


Tho  coniiiiisNion  linii  the   followinir  |iersoiis  entitled  to  iiiirehasi!  lands,  iiiiiler  tl 
|ini  visions  of  flio  act  of  ,)iiiio  ^,  I"^*".',  vi/, :  ( {'"or  description  of  en  t  lies  see  Schedule  A.) 

T.  1$.  Walker  and  Ihiller  Hi\ty-ei;;lit  entries,  of  eighty  acres  each  ;  total  (ivo  thoiisiind 
lonr  Imiidrcd  and  forty  acrcM. 

T.  15.  Walker,  twenty  entries  of  ei;;hly  acres  each,  total  sixteen  himdred  iicrcs. 

W.  W.  Ilalc,  one  entry,  ei;;lity  acres, 

S.  A.  Harris,  three  entries,  two  hiindred  and  forty  acres. 

(ieoi'nc  IJ,  Wright,  Windoin  iV   l>a\idsoii,  t  wo  entries,  one  hundred  and  sixty  acres. 

JiuKe  Sii|it!rior  and  I'liycl  r^oiintl  ('oiiiiiany,ciKlil<'<'n  entries,  fonrtcci!  hundred  and 
I'oi'ty  attrcH. 

J'liiHlinaii,  llovey  &  Co.,  ci^Iit  entries,  six  hmidred  and  forty  acres, 

11,  T.  Wtdls,  thirty-live  entries,  I  wenty-eijfht  hmidred  acres. 

S.  VV.  rarnhain  and  I-ovejoy,  four  entries,  three  hundred  and  twi'iity  iicres. 

I'^arnhain,  J^ov«',joy  \  (iill)llaii,  thirteen  entries,  ten  hundred  aixl  ei;r|ity  acres. 

1).  Morri.son,  forty-.six  entries,  thirty-six  hundred  and  seventy-four  i",,",,  aisles. 

Morrison,  W  indoiii  «.V  Kiiij{,  forty -one  entries,  thirty-threi^  hundred  and  lifly-ei;;ht  i\',\, 
acre.H. 

Aukney,  I'etit,  iV  Itoliiiison,  three  entries,  two  hundred  and  forty  acroH. 

'J'olal,  t  we.nt.v-one  thousand  and  seventy-three  if,,,  acres. 

Att  to  tlu)  claims  of  \V.  S.  ('haiinian,  we  have  only  to  report  that,  in  answer  to  our 
iiotict)  sent  to  him  on  the  M  of  Septemlier,  a  letter  was  received  from  him  of  liie  date 
of  (tcfolier  1!),  iuiiiiiriii;.;  what  he  was  rei|uircd  to  do  to  avail  himself  of  the  heiietits 
if  till!  act  under  which  the  conimissioii  was  proceed iiii^,  which  hotter  was  imiiii/diately 


iiiiswered  and  a  full  statement 


of  the  testimony  reijiiired.     He  was  also  notilicd 


that  the  commission  would  he  in  session  at  .Saint  Paul  as  late  as  Xoveniher  yd,  after 
which  date  his  tesliuiony  could  he  sent  to  the  chairman  at  Delaware,  Ohio. 

'i'liis  is  tJut  last  inforiiiation  wc  Live  of  .Mr.  ('Iiaiinian's  (daini. 

An  iip)>licutioii  lias  also  heen  prcM'iited  hy  Henry  Heard,  csij.,  an  nttornoy  at  Wash- 
ington tJity,  on  hchalf  of  ,]ohn  I),  'erry,  of  Saint  I-oiiis,  inakiii'^  iiu|iiiry  as  to  the  ua- 
turo  of  the  teMtimony  n'<|iiired  hy  i  he  commission,  to  which  full  answer  was  roturned 
iiiiuKHliately.  The.  date  of  this  apiwcr  was  Xovemher  the  7lh.  Mr.  Heard  has  siiico 
written  that,  as  his  client  is  in  I'liiroiie,  it  will  re(|uire  some  time  to  pr(;|)are.  his  testi- 
mony, hut  that  he  will  forward  it  as  soon  as  jtosHiltle,  The  lands  claimed  hy  Mr.  I'erry 
are  ill  (,'olorado, and  are  understood  to  he  the  only  enlrics  in  that  Ti'iritory  rcporti^das 
snhject  to  tilts  order  of  the  Secretary  of  March  111,  H71. 

'J'hi!  coininissioii  is  also  iii  receipt  of  a  furtlicr  conmiiiiiication  from  the.  attorney  of 
Corhett,  heretoforo  mentioned  in  this  re)iort,  statin;;  that  they  cannot  now  present  his 
case,  for  the  reason  that  they  have  not  lieeii  ahle  to  hear  from  him  or  to  learn  his  ad- 
dress, thou^rh  they  suppose  him  to  he  somewhere  in  the  Territory  of  Utah. 

The  commission  have  reason  to  suspect  that,  after  examination  of  the  descript  ionn 
(if  till)  entries  claimed  hy  Corhett,  now  for  the  lirst  time  furnished  to  us,  it  is  proliii- 
lile,  that. I.  I*.  Wilson,  of  Saint  Cloud,  is  interested  in  these  locations.  If  we  were  s;it- 
islied  that  Wilson  was  thus  iiiterested  we  should  have  no  hesitation  in  rcjectiiij;  tlieso 


claims,  on  the  eround  that  the  person,'! 


liiations  of  the  half-hreed  on  which  the  en- 


tries were  made  weni  fiauduleiit  ly  pi'  i  iired,  and  that  Wilson  aided  in  the  scheme,  as 
is  conclusively  shown   hy  the  testimony  of  Charles  (iilmaii  ami  olliijis,  herewith  for- 


h'd. 


d  hy  the.  report  id"  the  I'lnnier  conimissioii 


wa  r< 

'I'lie  suspicion  that  Mr.  Wilson  is  interested  in  these  idaims,  and  the  helief  that  he  may 
lie  disposed  to  ;;et  his  claims  hefore  the  coMiiiiission  or  the  ,Seer(d.ary  of  the  Interior,  is 
streiij^theiied  hy  his  letter  to  the.  eoinmission,  alreaily  referred  to  and  herewith  for- 
waided,  in  which  he  speaks  of  clainis  as  hein^'  "  ;;dod  iiiitil  shown  to  he,  frandiileiit," 
iiml  that  he  has  "no  cdaims  to  ]ire.sent  at  this  tune,"  \c. 

'I'he  utteiition  of  the  commission  is  respectfully  invited  to  the  entries  at  the  Taylor's 
Falls  land-odice,  j^iveii  in  the;  list  furnished  t!ie,  cominission  as  snhject  to  the  order  of 
tlu!  Secretary  of  tlie  Interior.  With  these  exceptions,  these  entries  an^  sitiiattMl  within 
the  Mille  Lac  reservation,  which  is  still  occiiiiicd  hy  the  rndians,  mid  tin;  entries,  as  we 
iiiidtM'stand,  iiiivini^'  lu.'cn,  lor  this  reason,  alrea,ly  canceled  at  the  hical  land-ollice,  wo 
biive  declimxl  to  consider  any  claims  arising;  under  (hem. 

ScdiiMluIe  H  shows  such  of  these  entries  as  art)  claiiii(;d  hy  H.  T.  Wells,  and  rojoctcd 
iiiissioii. 

asoii  to  helieve  that  other  similar  claims  will  he  presented  to  entries  ou 


liy  the  com 

We  have 
this  rc'scrvation  and  iirjfed  Itefme  the  liepartment. 

Kcsiitietfnlly  suhiiiitted  hj  your  co/iimi.^>.ioii 


Hon.  F.  A.  W.vi.KKit, 

CoiniiiinHioiicr  of  liidian  Affaiiti. 

18  II  B  S 


T.  C.  .lONKS. 
l.UW.  r.  SMITH. 


:,:t  :  ■  ■  • 


I". . , 


'K  '■■'  •'■'' 


274 


CHIPPEWA    IFALl -IJREKD.S    OF    LAKE    SUPERIOR. 


No.  2. 


Wasiiincitox,  I).  C,  Di'cinihif  i;{,  H7'.), 
Slii;  On  tlii^  :'.lfst  of  July  Inst,  I  wan  iiotilitMl  l».v  Hon.  F.  A.  Wiilker,  Coiiiinissioncr  of 
Iiuliiin  AlVairs,  tliat  I  liixl,  liy  your  (liicrtioii,  Ikm'Ii  iii>|ioiiir<>(l  "u  coiiiiiiiMHioiifr  to  Ix- 
a'«s(M  iated  witli  Hon.  T.  ('.  .Jones,  of  l)t;l,  'vuif,  Ohio,  antl  Edward  P.  Smith,  ajjdnl  for 
tilt)  Chippewa  Indians  of  tlit.>  Mississippi,  lo  iiivt-stij^ato  tin;  claims  of  nucIi  parti 


It's  us 


may  assert  a  ri;;lit  to  iniicliase,  with  cash  or  military  bonnty  land-warrants,  tlio  land 
reft  in  (1  to  in  an  act  of  Ctjn<j;rcss,  apitrovcil  Jniic  f,  lH'ti,  entitlcil '  An  act  to  pfrl'tct 
certain  lantl-titlt^M  thevein  described.'" 

I'liable  tiv  aKre*",  in  sonu^  important  particulars,  with  the  majority  of  the  coniniittec 
I  res|>ectfully  bej^  leave  to  submit  to  you  brietly  the  reasons  which  impel  me  to  tlisscnt 
fioiM  stnue  of  tlie  conclusions  arrived  at  by  (he  majority  of  the  comniittt^e. 

The  act  id"  June  "•,  l"«T'i,  under  which  this  commission  was  appointed,  reatls  as 
ft)llows : 

•'  That  tile  Secrtdary  of  the  Interior  be,  and  he  is  liendiy,  anthorlzetl  to  permit  the 
jinrchase,  witli  cash  or  military  biuinty  land-warrants,  of  such  laiiils  jis  have  biTU  located 
with  claims  aii-iui{  under  the  seventh  clause  td"  the  Heet>ntl  artitde  of  tin-  ti'eat.v  nl' 
Septeiubef  thiiticlli,  ciji.iteen  luinilreil  antl  til'fy-four,  at  such  price  jieraere  as  the  .'^cc- 
retaiy  of  the  iriterii(r  s!iall  deem  etjuitable  ami  proper,  but  ntit  at  a  less  prit:e  than  uiie 
dolliir  antl  tvcil y  ii\'c  cents  i)er  a-  if,  antl  that  the  t)wnt!is  and  holdiu's  of  such  liiiins 
in  i':'i(ii'.  faith  h<'  :i!si>  permitted  to  complete  their  tMitries  anil  perfect  their  titles  iiiniti 
such  -.iiiins  nt  on  .  ompliance  with  tht^  terms  abovt;  im-utitmeil :   I'roridiil,  That  it  sli.ill 


be  shiiwn  \o  li    •  satisfacti.ui  of  the  Secretaiv  t)f  tht!  Interior  that  saiil  cla 


ims  are  In 


Id 


by  iiMiDceiit  paiti  s  ill  uootl  faith,  antl  that  tht-  Itx'ations  maile  niitler  such  claims  liav( 


been 


j^ji)  I  taifli  ant!  iiv  innocent  holilers  t)f  the  same 


It'vii.  be  tiutieed  that  the  act  abovtMiuotirtl  invests  the  Sccivtary '^.f  the  Interi 
with  I  dl  )^t)wcl■  to  adjust  the  claims  referretl  tt),  in  such  manner  as  may  to  him 


'  CtiUi  '   >lll( 


t!  )ii()|vei-,"  only  restrictiny;  such  action  id' the  Si  -ictary  with  tht-  provi-n 
that  siieli  claim  JiMis'  i)e  held  "  l)y  innocent  parties  in  jjooti  iaith."antl  that  the  juiee 
(ixetl  npt)U  tilt!  l.iiiils  shall  not  be  "less  than  tuie  thdlarand  \  wcnty-liviM'ents  (ler  acic.' 


The  established 

7"i,  in  the  case  ii 


reiiuhitlii;^'  the  sales  td'  the  |)ul>!ic  hinds  are,  liy  the  act  td'  .li 


f  tl 


lesf  lanil^.  suspentletl,  antl  thev  are,  with   tlii'  liuiitati 


OUS  llleM- 


■rall 


tiouiil,  subj,  ct  to  sale  to  eeit'tin  jpail  ics  at  such  prices  as  tlie  ."Secretary  uiay.  iind 
tie  eircuiiislaiices  ot  the  case,  '•  tleeui  e<iuitable  antl  jiroper." 

The  (|Uesli(in,  then,  to  be  cimsidered  is  ixit  oiic  td'  tetdniieal  lejjality,  but  one  ul 
'•  ec|uity'' aiitl  ••  j)ro|uiety,"  The  act  tines  not  call  for  a  eomniissit)n  at  .•ill,  i:i  the  ad- 
Jiislineiit  of  this  nuittc!'.     It  was  instituti'il  by  the  Secretary  of  th<j  Interior  only  as  an 


ml  in  arrivinj'-  a 


t  till 


/»/('//< 


if  til 


jiarties  reieriiil  tt> 


U   till 


•t.     N 


or  IS  the  iiimi- 


imi  of  the  commission  in  any  way  binilju;;  upoii  the  .'>ecreta.iy,  luit  so  far  as  the  col- 
lection of  facts  and  pit  seiitatioii  til'  testiiiHuiy  unes,  it  may  lie  an  aiil  to  the  .Secretary, 
ill  anivinj;  at  a  proper  conclusion  as  to  an  '•ci|iii  table  antl  proper'"  atljiistment  of  tlicT 


The  e.\aiiiiiiatitiii  of  the  several  pa:  ties  ciaiiniiii;  luitier  the  act  was  conducted  by  the 
laiinian  i>f  the  ctiiiiniittec.  Hon. 'J'.  (.'.  .Jciies,  in  a  most  searchiiii;  ami   aiile  maniur. 


chaiinian  i>f  the  ctmunittt 

The  reportctl  testinmny  will  show  that  iKithiiij;-  which  the  most  ri^iitl  ami  impartial  in- 


vest ma 


tioli  could  elicit   is  1; 


iiitl  stdtlom,  if  c\fr,  was  a  cummitti'C  more  earnest 


in  iis  etVorts  to  j>-et  at  the  trir^i.,  or  intirt  successful  in  obtaining  it. 


Tl 


le  duties  oi'  the  coiumiE 


dearly 


set  fort  I 


the  letter  of  tin;  ('ommissioiui 


of  Iiiilian  Ali'aiis,  under  tl.i'.e  of  .July  I'l,  IST'J,  as  follows: 

'•  It  will  b(!  the  tliity  ol'  the  cominissioii  to  iiuiuire  and  repoi  t  to  tliisOlhce  what  |ier- 
s  >ns  in  their  t)pinioii,  ii  .my,  art;  entitled  to  an;  b  'nclit  under  tlie  provisons  of  the  al'on- 
iiientioiietl  act.  »  «  "  After  havine- ascertain,  il  to  tiie  best  of  their  opinion  who.  it 
any.  .ire  entilletl  to  ]>uitdiase  the  lantls  referr"ii  to  untler  the  ai't.  the  conimissioiiei 


will  make  an  appraiseiiieiit  of  the  s 


Inteiior  at  what  (iriee  jier 


itli  a  \  iew  to  ailvisiiii;  (iic  SeiMBtary  of  the 


the  siiiil  lamls  sin, II  he  sold,  if  imrtdiaseil  with  cash  m 


militaiy  bounty  land-warrants,  uinler  the  ])i't)visions  of  the  aid 

"The  ]>articular  tracts  of  laiitl  lel'eireil  to  in  the  act  arc  tleliniti  ly  sid  forth  in  the 
letter  of  ('iimiiiissioiier  Walker  litd'ore  ndeiretl  ti.,  a-=  follows: 

"The  coiiiniissifm  will  be  t'lirnished  by  the  Hon.  (,'iiiiimissioner  of  the  (ieneral  Laiid- 
Ol'tiee  iri7/(  (i  list  of  llir  hiidlioiix  nfirri'(l  tit.  wliitdi  ba\i'  not  been  )iatenteil." 

^\■ith  the  legality  ol'  the  scrip  iintler  which  these  lantls  were  cnieinally  located  ilie 
comini.s.Hion  liatl  nothing- to  tlo,  but,  as  1   nndcrstaiitl,  it  was  conlinetl  io  two  specilied 


points  of  in(|uiry ; 

1st.  Wile  are  "  iniioeent  liohl 


ers   111    eiKK 


1  faitl 


M'  the  idainis  referii 


d  tl 


ant 


ill.  Whai  amouiiT,  niidci  all  the  cireiiiiistaiiees.  is  ••et|uilable  and  proper''  these  par- 
ties sliouhl  pay  foe  the  lands  claimeti  by  tlieiii.  respectivtdy  ? 

As  to  the  first  jioiiit  above  statetl.  there  was.  1  bidieve,  no  material  ilitfcrenco  of  oiiiii- 
ion  anion;r  the  incmbeis  of  the  cominissiou.  but  they  were  fully  satistietl  that  the  [lar- 
tiesnamcii  in  the  sehedule  accon.'pauyiiiji  the  majority  report  were,  in  the  meaiiiiii?  ot 


the  L'ommissioiiir 


V  set  I'tirth  ill  tin 


CHIPPEWA    HALF-BREEDS    OF    LAKE    SUPERIOR. 


275 


(li(!  act  of  .'uiio  8,  IHTii,  innocent  lioldcrs  in  good  faitb,  and  entitled  to  the  rulief  con- 
tt'nudatcd  l»y  Haid  act. 

Tiii'st;  "  certilicates  of  identity,"  or  "scrip,"  as  it  was  generally  designated,  had  for 
fifteen  years  been  bonght  and  sold  in  the  markets ;  they  had  been  created  at  the  sev- 
eral local  land-olHces  by  "jjower  of  attorney,"  and  this  power  of  attorney  hail  always 
accoin]>anied  the  scrip  to  the  (ieiieral  Land-Otlice;  and,  in  dne  course  of  time,  the 
]iatent  had  issued  on  the  location.  So  general  had  this  practice  become  and  so  univer- 
sally had  it  been  believed  to  be  not  only  legitimate  and  proper  but  strictly  in  accord- 
ance with  law,  that  men  on  whoso  names  uo  breath  of  suspicion  had  ever  rested,  and 
whose  honesty  and  integiity  had  never  been  <iiiestioned,  bought,  solil,  anil  used  these 
cert iticates,  with  as  nmnuistioning  conlidence  in  its  rightfulness  and  propriety  as  they 
would  have  bought  or  sold  a  city  lot,  or  any  otlier  legally  recognized  proiierty. 

They  saw  the  scrip  regular  on  its  face;  saw  it  signed  and  attested  by  the  projter 
Government  ofHcers;  ami,  in  many  instances,  tiie  special  certilicate  of  the  Commis- 
sioner of  Indian  Aiiairs  certifying  to  its  genuineness.  Tliey  could  not  know  tiiat  tiie 
oliieers  of  the  (Jovennuent  iiad  themselves  been  deceived  by  false  or  forged  proofs 
into  the  issuance  of  the  scrip,  and  they  urged  these  jioiiits  beibn-  tiie  comniissioii  witli 
.such  force  as  left  no  chance  to  donitt  tlieir  good  faith,  or  tlie  duly  of  tlie  Secrt^taiy  to 
|»iant  the  relief  provided  in  tin;  ael  of  Congress  of  June  •■^,  l^'i'i. 

A  ditference  of  o])inioii  as  to  tlie  a))plieation  of  the  provisions  of  the  act  to  those 
cases  commonly  known  as  "personal  ai>plicatioiis"'  was  reiuovi'd  liy  the  letter  of  the 
Assistant  Secretary  of  the  Interior,  instriictiiig  us  to  place  tiiesi>  claims  in  tiie  same, 
category  with  the  locations  of  certilieates,  ami  wliich  was  >o  manifestly  Just  and  )ii()|ier 
lii:it  tile  only  wonder  is  that  it  was  not  as  pointedly  exiircssed  in  tlic  li'tter  as  it  was 
ii.  till)  spirit  of  the  act  itself. 

Tlie  ililliculties  in  the  way  of  a  satisfactory  auswi'r  ro  the  second  point  before  the 
ciimniission,  and  upon  which  there  steini.Ml  to  be  radical  ditfereiices  of  opinion,  are 
neither  i'rw  nor  small.  Not  a  single  witness  could  swear,  or  even  guess,  how  niueli 
was  |>aid  thv  the  scrip  with  which  any  certain  tract  of  land  was  located,  or  lix  an 
intelligent  estimate  of  the  value  of  such  tract,  and  even  those  witnesses  who  had  made 
.selection  of  pine-lands  a  spt'cialty  for  many  years,  and  who  miglif.  therelofe,  lie 
deemed  "e.\i>erts,"  could  only  make  loose,  vague,  and  general  estimates,  which  really 
served  to  confuse  ami  bewilder,  Hither  than  to  aid  in  reaching  any  i>iaetieal  result. 
A  recapitulation  of  the  testimony  as  to  value  of  serin  and  land  claimed  will  exliil)it 
this  in  a  striking  manner.  <tii  slujet  No.  1  will  lie  found  the  testimony  ofT.  1!.  Walker, 
uiie  of  the  principal  claimants. 

Mr.  Walker  testilies  tiiat  his  linn  i»aid.s4  to  s4..")l)  per  acre  for  .scrip;  that  the  lands 
are  wtu'th  about  S.'i  an  acre,  and  that  the  cost  of  examination  and  location  was  about 
si  per  acre.  The  best  lands  might  cut  •■^.onn  feet  per  acre;  somt-  loily-acrt!  tracts 
might  cut  lU.OUK  feet  per  acre,  "I  place  the  value  of  lands  in  township  141,  range  :\-i, 
at  .•s:i..')U  per  acre.     If  title  was  perfect,  would  be  worth  s.')  per  acre." 

On  sheet  No.  o  will  be  found  the  testimony  of  another  largi;  claimant,  L«'vi  liiitler. 
Mr.  Hiitler  swears  that  he  paid  for  most  ot'  his  scrip  .si..")!)  pm-  acre ;  sonii:  he  bought  at 
S'.i..")(i  iicr  acre  ;  cost  of  location  and  exploration,  altont  ■si  per  ncin. 

On  sheet  (■>  is  the  testiuKUiy  of  W.  W.  I i..'.  ,  who  claims  two  pieits,  or  KW  acres. 
Mr.  Hale  swears  he  paiil  r^iSiO  an  acre  for  scriji  land  worth  not  to  exceed  ■"<i)..")0  per 
aire;  exjiense  of  tjxploration  and  location,  about  si  jier  :'.',;re. 

On  (lage"  will  be  found  the  testimony  of  another  small  claimant,  S.  A.  Harris,  who 
swiars  his  scrip  cost  him  •'s|..")t>  an  acre,  and  about  s*  I  an  acre  to  locate;  siipposLS  the 
land  to  be  worth,  on  an  averag(>,  cost  of  scrip  and  locating  the  saiin'. 

On  the  same  sheet  as  above  may  be  found  the  testimony  of  (ieorge  I?.  Wright.  He 
is  slightly  interested  in  a  claim  before  the  commission,  and  has  for  many  years  been 
engaged  in  the  surveys  of  the  imldic  lands.  Mr.  Wright  swears  that  the  scrip  cost  -s.') 
an  acre,  and  these  lands  are  worth  from  >>.'»  to  .'Sl'i  an  acre.  This  witness  also  testilies 
a,>  to  lainls  claimed  by  the  Lake  .'^iip.rior  and  I'liget  Sound  Land  Comiiany  as  follows : 
that  he  is  agent  for  said  comiiany;  that  .<'>..')il  per  acre  was  i)aid  for  .scrip;  that  xMr. 
t'anlield,  lln^  president  of  saiii  eoinpany,  paid  !s.">,()lli)  to  remove  conllicting  claims  on 
the  lands,  and  that  they  are  worth  •<>  per  acre;  expenses  of  locating,  about  .«>l  per 
acre. 

On  page  It  is  the  testimony  of  another  claimant,  W.  W.  Eastman,  who  .swears  that  he 
pMicIiascd  the  scrip  for  Eastman,  llovey  A  Co.,  and  that  it  cost  s4."i.")  per  acre  ;  knows 
milhing  of  the  value  of  the  land  except  from  what  he  paid  for  the  scrip, 

John  De  Laillred,  of  the  linn  of  Eastman,  Hovey  A;  Co.,  as  above,  says:  "Where  wo 
liicated  the  scrip  we  estimated  the  land  worth  ib  per  acre."  Expenses  attending  loca- 
tion was  "  seventy-five  cents  jier  acre,"' 

•  >n  imges  10  anil  17  tiiid  evidence  of  Henry  T,  Welles.  Has  dealt  in  this  .scrip.  He 
lias  ]iaid  from  !*l,"iU  to  .<$  per  acre;  don't  know  what  he  paid  for  the  pieces  he  now 
ilainis  under. 

S.  W,  Farnham  swears  his  scrip  cost  !?:>.."0  per  acre  in  part,  and  a  part  .>">  per  acre. 


■    ■■     .      k 


.i- 


A- 
If   " 


■v^-  ;, 


■  '■r 


»*'s.>) 


;fr.:'^?'':| 


f..      . 

r 


27G 


CIIIPPKWA    HALI'-URKKDS   OF   LAKE    SUPERIOR. 


On  pnjjt's  lit  to  24  Dnnilliin  MoiiiHdii  Hwonrw  lie  paid  from  i^'.i  to  it;4  per  acre  for  scrip ; 
laiul  not  llrNt  cIiism,  hut  fiiir  avt-iap-  ijiiality. 

Maliloii  iiltick,  an  cxiicit,  waHi^ullcd  liefore  tlie  coiinnissiDii,  and  coiiinienceH  his  trsti- 
mony  on  jiaffn  "i.'i,  an  CoIIowm:  Han  liccn  enj^aycd  in  tlu'  bnsincHs  of  Murvcyiiig  and  cx- 
nniinin);  landHMinuit  HIT.  'I'lie  pinedands  in  the  vicinity  of  Poke^aniti  Laki;,  and  ncm 
the  Mi88iwHij)pi  River,  are  the  hest  ax  to  (|nality  in  the  State.  The  cpiantity  (d])ine  on 
these  hiuds  is  not  uh  irieat  as  in  soMie  other  distriet^).  In  1-71  ^ood  pinu-hinds  in  tliiit 
vicinity  wonhl  lie  uorth  'S'lil  per  acre,  .Stnniiiane  conid  liave  been  readily  sold  forS'i.riii 
l)er  thousand  feet.  I  should  put  the  lands  selected  in  township  itf),  ran;;e  :if!.  at  8'  to  Sf" 
jier  acre;  in  township  i:i.'>,  raiiye  JKl,  at  "*.">  jieracre;  n\  townsi.'psi;?y  antl  1-10,  ran;;t;!l, 
at^IUoiiJuper  acre  ;  in  townships  .'i!i  and  M,  range  '-H'),  at  S'*  to.*/  per  acre;  in  townsliip 
141,  ran«e  "28,  at  !?'>  to  .*7  jier  acre  ;  in  tow  nsliip  KW,  ruuj^e  aU,  .^7  per  acre ;  in  townships 
lUK  and  140,  ranj.'o  lil,  at  i»:i  to  ^Ti  per  acre. 

In  answer  to  this  (piestion  l)y  Mr.  Kinj;:  "fan  yon  give  any  specitic  description  of 
the  lands  referred  to  in  your  testimony  as  an  intelli>;cnt  basis  from  which  to  appniiso 
the  value  of  any  particular  tract  or  subdivision  ?"'  the  w  itness  replied,  "I  cannot,  from 
uiemory."  lie  also  swears  that  he  has  "examined  the  I'okej^anni  laiuls  with  a  view  to 
their  beinj;  iiurchased  by  other  parties,  but  the  parlies  for  whom  they  were  examined 
did  not  yet  them."' 

W.  H.  Lawrence  values  average  piiu'-lands  from  •*.'»  to  S12  per  acre.  Lands  located 
by  Eastman,  Ilovey  A.  t'o.  are  not  worth  more  than  >i\i  to  S4  per  acre. 

On  paj;e  "-iK  W.  1*.  Ankney  swears  that  he  paid  .'ir:{..'0  \)er  acre  for  scrip;  tliat  ilie 
lands  entered  by  his  tirm  could  nr»t,  in  1"*70,  have  sold  tor  more  than  .tio  an  acre:  in 
Ifi'^l,  probably  for  .•*()  to  .*^  ;  and  at  this  time,  •?■<  to  §10  per  acre.  "  We  purchased  Itio 
acres  in  the  winter  of  1^7ll-'71,  worth  about  the  same,  or  perhaps  a  little  nioic,  tliiin 
these  lands,  for  ijitian  acre.  A\'e  paid  for  stumpa^e  on  the  scluxd-lauds  from  srito:';3 
a  thousand  feet;  last  winter  paid  for  stumjia^^e  ^:i  per  thousand."  ' 

The  most  noticeable  featuie  altont  liie  testimony  of  all  these  witnesses,  both  of  in- 
terested and  disinterested,  is  its  loose,  vague,  and  uncertain  character.  Not  one  simple 
tract  w  Government  subdivision  is  cited  as  being  possessed  of  a  specified  value,  Imt 
the  estimates  are  ma  le  in  that  loose  and  geiuMal  way  which  leaves  the  commissiun 
uothing  but  guess-work  to  form  a  basis  for  a  report  on  this  point. 

Slahlon  IJlack  estimates  the  value  of  lands  all  the  way  from  siJ  to  §10  an  acre:  anl. 
it  will  be  noticed,  estimatcM  not  by  specific  tracts  or  subdivisions,  or  even  by  fscftloiis, 
but  by  townshiits  of  thirty-six  square  miles  each.  It  is  needless  to  say  that  sucli  loose 
and  general  estimates  can  la;  of  but  little  worth  to  the  commission  or  to  the  SccntMiy 
in  appraising  the  value  of  particularly  designated  eighty  or  forty  aero  tracts  scattcnd 
all  through  these  townships.  It  is  evident  that  such  estimates  are  notoriously  untrust- 
worthy and  unreliable.  To  illnstrale  how  much  such  estimates  vary  from  the  facts,  I 
have  only  to  state  that  I  am  ])erHoiially  knowing  to  a  sale  of  1,440  acres  of  land  in  one 
of  the  townships  sworn  by  Mr.  iJlack  to  bt-  worth  §7  to  •S't^  an  acre  at  the  sum  of  only 
$4.ri0  per  acre.  This  sale  took  place  in  November  last,  was  of  good  average  pine-lands, 
with  perfect  title  under  I'nited  .States  patent,  and  under  no  undue  pressure  on  the  iiurt 
of  the  seller  to  realize. 

ilr.  Aukney  swears  that  selected  piiu^-lands,  as  good  and  perhajis  better  than  these 
lauds,  could  be  bought  for  illi  per  acre,  notwithstanding  stunipage  on  these  same  lands 
was  selling  at  that  lime  for  .v^,.'iO  to  s:\  per  thousand. 

It  must  be  ap|>ari!nt  that  loose  and  general  guess-work  must  give  place  to  actual  facts 
and  real  transactions.  Mr.  Ulack,  in  common  with  all  the  other  witnesses, confesses  in- 
ability to  fix  a  value  on  any  single  sulHlivision  of  these  lan<ls.  Mr.  Black  also  states 
that  he  "examined  the  I'okeganui  lands  with  a  view  to  their  being  located  by  otlnT 
jiarties;  but  the  piirty  for  whom  they  were  examined  did  not  get  them."  Allow  nic  to 
state  here  that  I  have  what  1  deem  the  bt!st  of  evidence  that  the  reason  Mr.  Black's 
employer  did  not  get  the  lands  was  because  Mr.  B.  rejiorted  them  not  worth  the  scrip 
necessary  to  cover  them.  He  was  employed  to  stdect  lands  in  townshiiis  which  lie 
swears  were  "  worth  an  average  of  #7  I (»§.:',"  and  he  conid  lind  none  worth  §5,  although 
bis  examination  covered  an  area  of  three  hundred  and  sixty  square  miles  of"  the  best 
pine-lands  in  the  country." 

■\Vith  all  the  facts  and  testimony  befnri!  the  commission,  I  come  to  the  conclusion 
that  §4.50  an  acre  is  a  high  estimate  to  put  upon  these  lands.  That  the  Goveruinciit 
AV(uildever  realize  anything  like  that  amount  at  puldic  olt'ering,  I  have  not  the  remotest 
idea.  I  present  herewith  a  certidcale  of  the  then  register  of  the  Saint  Cloud,  Minn., 
land-oflice,  in  which  distriit  these  lands  lie,  showing  that  at  a  jiuldic  ottering  of  siinil:ii- 
lands  at  that  olliee  in  1^14  not  a  single  acre  out  of  rt.OOO  acres  sold  brought  more  than 
§1.25  per  acre,  and  this  notwithstanding  the  inflated  condition  of  our  currency,  ami 
consequent  high  prices  which  prevailed  at  that  time.  This  certificate  of  the  laescnt 
receiver  of  Saint  Cloud  land-ollice  will  be  verified  by  the  records  of  the  General  Laiul- 
OBice. 

Upon  what  I  deem  a  fair  con  imtalion  of  the  cost  of  scrip  located  on  these  lands  by 
the  paities  in  interest,  it  icachcs  an  average  of  about  §3.2;i  per  acre,  including  all  the 


pi'i"  acre  for  sci  41 


re.    Lands  lucated 


CHIPPEWA    JIALF-BREEDS    OF    LAKE    SUPERIOR. 


277 


claims  prcsenttMl,  Slimild  the  claims  for  lands  in  the  Mille  Lae  reserve  lie  rcjeeted  by 
till-  (Secretary,  tlio  nvera;?e  cost  of  tlie  scrip  would  he  much  hi;{lier.  Tiiat  the  averajje 
)pricc  of  !*4.r)0  an  acre  is  a  hij^h  estimate  of  the  lands  in  ({lU'stion  will  not  he  disjiiited 
liy  any  0110  ac(|uaintcil  with  that  class  of  lands,  and  that  these  jtarties  have  already 
]iaid  double  for  them  which  the  Oovernment  would  ever  he  likely  to  n-ceive  for  tliein 
iit  puhlic  or  private  sale  is  e(|ually  certain,  taken  in  the  U'^ht,  of  ai'tual  facts;  and 
tiicse  lands  sell  by  one  private  i>arty  to  another  at  the  price  which  1  have  lixedon  them, 
sl.'iO  an  acre.  Tested  by  actual  ex]>crience,  and  at  jinblic  or  jirivato  sale  by  the  (iov- 
dinnent,  they  never  sell  for  nioic  than  sl.'J.")  an  acre  outside,  and  not  over  §'i.50  inside, 
tlicdoubh;  niiniuiuni  land-i;rant  railroads, 

The  i|uestion,  *'  what  should  these  (larties  pay  for  these  lands  '."  turns  on  the  construe- 
tiiui  i»laced  upon  the  act  of  .June  '^,  1^7"J.  Wliat  is  iuteiulcd  by  tin?  terms  "e(|uitable 
and  jn'oper,''  contained  in  the  act  iinthorizin;i  the  Secretary  to  sell  these  lands  to  those 
claimants  on  "such  terms  as  he  may  deem  ei|nitable  and  luoiier?"  Most  clearly  that 
tlic  Secretary  may,  if  he  deem  it  *'ei|uitable  and  i>roi>er."  deduct  from  the  value  of  the 
lands  referred  to  the  loss  these  ))arties  have  sustained  in  innocently  anil  in  jrood  faith 
]iMii'hasin<;  this  scrip,  and  allow  them  to  purchase  these  lauds  at  the  remaining  price, 
[iiovidcd  always  that  ])rice  shall  not  be  less  than  sl:27>  )>er  acre. 

To  say  llicst!  parties  may  y;o  to  the  local  oHice  and  purchase  these  lands  at  a  (competi- 
tive imblic  sale,  is  to  wcijih  theui  down  with  shackles  of  overs:!  an  acre,  and  then  to 
bid  f  hein  make  the  race  against  jtarties  encumViered  by  no  such  expense.  To  say  they 
ii'iiy  wait  till  after  such  jinblic  sale  and  then  purchase  at  jnivate  sale  at  a  Govern- 
iiicnt  land-otHce,  is  only  to  allow  them  to  exercise  a  i>rivil('ge  they  alreaily  enjoy,  and 
of  which  the  Governmcut  caniu)t  de))rive  them  if  it  would.  It  would  certainly  be  a 
liiird  and  cruel  delinition  of  the  word  "  e(|Uity  "  to  c(>ustrue  it  to  mean  that  these  i)ar- 
tirs  should  pay  mort^  for  these  lauds  than  the  Government,  at  public  and  jirivate  sales, 
iilldws  other  parties,  who  have  no  grievances  to  redress  aiul  uo  eipiities  to  plead,  to  pnr- 
cliiise  for. 

The  (lovernuu'ut  can  alVord  to  be  just,  if  not  generous,  ami  I  am  of  opinion  that  the 
least  measure  of  eciuity  it  can  grant,  and  the  least  th(>se  parties  can  be  cMititled  to  re- 
cii  v(>,  is  to  be  allowt-d  to  purchase  these  lands,  wliich  it  has  cost  them  sl^O.Odi)  t6  explore 
1111(1  to  protect  from  timber-thieves  and  tresjiassers,  at  the  ordinary  and  niiniuium 
luico  of  (iovernmeut  lauds,  to  wit,  Sl.'io  an  acre  for  such  as  lie  outside,  and  >i'i..')0  for 
siu'ii  as  lie  inside,  the  twenty-mile  limits  of  the  several  laud-grant  railroads.  Tiiat  this 
would  be  "(Mpiitable"  to  the  Government  all  will  concede;  toward  the  claimants  it  is 
all  thecfiuities  the  law  will  allow. 

As  to  the  seventy-three  entries  claimed  by  H.  T.  Welles,  made  on  the  Mille  Lac  res- 
ervation, they  occupy  in  respect  to  the  inuocency  and  good  faith  of  the  claimant  pre- 
cisely the  same  position  as  his  rcnuiining  thirty-four  claims,  which  are  allowed  by  the 
cDMunission.  1  understand  the  only  point  rais(!(l  against  these  sev(Mity-three  entries  by 
the  majority  to  be  that  the  lands  embraced  in  tin;  entries  lie  within  the  limits  of  au 
Indian  reservation,  and  are  not  subject  to  disposal  by  the  Secretary. 

'I'lie  nuijority  seem  to  have  forgotten  that  it  was  the  express  object  of  the  act  of  .Tune 
■■',  l~7t2,  to  n  inoir  tlitd  (limliilitji  on  the  part  of  the  Secretary  of  the  Interior,  ami  to  allow 
liiui  to  do  just  what  under  existing  laws  he  could  not  do.  Mark  the  wording  of  the 
act: 

''  That  the  Secretary  of  the  Interior  be,  nucl  he  h  hcvclii,  (nifhorhcd  to  permit  the  pnrchme, 
with  cash  or  military  bounty  land-warrants,  of  audi  hiiidH  as  have  l)een  located  with 
claims  arising  under  th(>  seventh  section  of  the  second  article,"' tfcc.  Now,  can  it  be 
(l()ubt(;d  that  this  includes  all  "  such  lands  "  which  are  held  by  "  innocent  parties  in  good 
faith  .'"  And  can  in  be  doubted  that  Congress  iiitviiited  to  renu)ve  by  a  si>ecial  enactment 
tlie  very  objection  urged  by  the  majority  of  the  couunission,  and  solely  on  account  of 
which  these  claims  wer(>  rejected  ? 

Is  it  not  rational  to  suppose  that  Congres;,  not  only  ><nir  this  dil'ticnlty  in  the  way  of 
tile  "  C([uitalile"  adjustment  of  these  claims,  but  intended  to  provid(.'  for  it  ?  Do  they 
say  in  tln^  act  of  .June  H,  "the  Secretary  of  the  Interior  is  hirthij  aiitliori:iil  to  permit 
till'  purchase  "  of  thes((  lands,  and  still  giv(?  no  power  to  do  what  th(;y  have  just  ex- 
jircssly  authorized  hitu  to  do  .'  For  it  should  be  borne  in  mind  that  the  disability,  if  any 
exists,  in  reference  to  the  Mille  Lac  lands  extends,  in  a  certain  sense,  to  all  the  lands 
lefcrred  to  in  the  act.  and  witluuit  its  intervention  and  tlie  authority  tluu'ein  contained, 
the  Secretaiy  is  as  jiowerless  to  "permit  the  purchase"' of  the  lands  included  in  the 
favorable  report  of  tli(>  commission  as  of  those  on  the  Mille  La(;  reserve. 

The  ))owcr  conferred  up(ui  the  Secretary  by  the  act  of  .Inne  i^  is  ample  and  couclusivo 
iilMin  ((//  the  lands  referred  to  in  the  act.  V\mn  satisfactory  proof  of  the  iiuioccnce  and 
};("i(l  faith  of  these  parties,  "he  is  hereby  autluuized  to  ]»ermit  the  purchase"'  of  these 
laii("is  by  these  claimants  as  much  as  tlmiigh  they  had  been  the  only  public  lands  be- 
liiii^ing'  to  the  (iovernmeut.  In  the  ]\<iht  of  these  considerations  I  could  not  see  how 
tlif  majority  could  cousisteutly  exclude //ksc  claims  from  the  benefits  of  tlu;  act  of  June 
''.  1-^T">!  standing  as  they  do  011  ])r('cisely  the  same  terms  as  the  balance  of  the  claims 
icportcd. 


I 
■■^■    ■.■ 

fc:(.i:  i 


m 


Ik 
|i  v. 


h--y 


278 


CHIITEWA    IIALF-BHEi;i»s    OF    LAKH    .SITEKIOR. 


Of  the  cluiina  presciitftl  l»,v  Mfssrs.  lli't'lte  &  SIiiiw,  attciriifys  for Corlu'tt,  1  nm 

t'lliially  well  siitiHlit'd  tlint  tlii'v  <li)  nol  niiiiu  within  tlif  liinitaiif  the  jtios  isioim  of  the 
mt.  I'hcy  lilt!  ill  tiii'  haii<ls  iif  iiarticH  who  wi'iv  not  only  co^rnizant  of  Init  v'tuc  aliit- 
toi'H  uf  tht'  fiaiuls  lunhr  which  \\\r.  chiinis  uiii^inati-tl ;  and  I  tini  cletuly  of  the  oiiininn 
they  thduhl  l»e  rfjccttil. 

Ah  rcjjnnlH  tin-  chiinisof  W.S.  Chapman,  thcini  loscd  scheilnli'  of  which  was  icccivcil 
ttinco  my  arrival  in  this  city,  1  am  not  ho  cit-ar.  It,  is  .sns|»i(!ioni*  at  least  tliaf  this 
chiiimint,  thonjih  having  am|iit'  notice,  did  not  incscnt  Ids  chums  in  tinu-  to  he  consid- 
ered by  tht)  commission;  ami  there  is  too  mncli  reason  to  believe  that  lie.  was  not  nna- 
ware  of  the  frandnient  practices  thmiirh  which  IiIh  claims  orij^inated.  1  therefore  pre- 
sent them  withont  icc(nnmendation. 

In  conohision.  allow  nn*  to  say  that,  in  the  discliMr;;c  ul  niy  duties  ns  a  commissioner 
under  the  act  aforesaid.  I  have  been  a<'tnated  s(dely  by  a  desire  to  arrive  at  i>  comln- 
sion  that  shonlil  work  substantial  justice  between  the  (iovernment  on  the  uiic  haml 
and  these  cluinnints  on  the  other.  I  have  tried  to  ascertain  the  exact  measure  of  tin. 
e<iuities  of  the  parties  interested,  as  well  as  the  full  i>ractical  value  of  tin,-  lands  chiimi'd 
to  the  Ciovcrnment,  and  then  to  so  adjust  thi'se  two  interests  as  to  carry  out  faithfully 
the  measure  of  eipiityso  clearly  contemplated  in  the  letter  and  spiritof  the  act  of , June 


'^,  1 


I  have  the  honor  to  bo,  very  respectfully, 


The  Hon  Skcrivfauv  ok  tiik  Ixtkimor, 

ll'aiihiinjtoii,  1>.  (\ 


DANA  K.   KING. 

CommhsHmry. 


Uxnicn  Statks  Land-Okkick, 

Suint  Cloud,  Minn.,  yurtmbcr '2C\,  KvJ. 

8  at  this  oflice  ; 
said  olHce  in  the 


tiUDit  tloiiil,  MuDi.,  Aori 

I  hereby  certify  that  I  am  at  ])re«ent  the  receiver  of  public  nu)ncy 
that.  I  was  register  of  the  same  at  and  during  the  public  land  sale  at  fc..i..i  ./...n  ,,,  i,,,; 
month  of  October,  1H(;4,  commencing  on  the  17th  ;;ud  closing  on  the  "Jl'th  of  said  month: 
that  about  eight  tlnuisand  acres  of  the  public  l^nds,  all  or  nearly  of  that  class 
commonly  known  as  "  pine-lands,"  were  sold  at  said  sale,  and,  upon  examination.  I 

•  '-    ^   ^1-    ^  --  -  -  n       '  ,  1        t     -...1.1     ,.♦.    .,    I,:..,!.. :„„    *i jLi  ,i'    , , i 


tiud  that  none  of  said  lands  sold  at 
record  in  this  oltice. 


^her  price  than  •'jl.iiu  per  acre,  as  appears  ol 
T.  (;.  JIcCLURE.  Bewira: 


Schrdiile  of  p<irthn  vntiiJM  it)  rcVuf  under  i'ue  act  of  June  S,  1''72.  the  same  ht'nifi  innocent 
liohlers  in  (jood  faith  of  the  number  of  entiies  or  pitt\  c  net  oppo^iite  their  namen  reKpectivetij. 

Pieces. 

T.  IJ.  Walker  aiid  Levi  Butler (It? 

T.B.Walker •,'() 

L,  S.  &  r.  a.  Laud  Company 1-i 

Windoni,  Wright  it  Da  vison v! 

S.  A.  Harris , li 

Eastnia.i;  Bovey  &  Co H 

Farnhani  iV;  Lo vejoy 4 

Farnhani,  Lovejoy  &  Giltillan IH 

Henry  T.Welles :!1 

Henry  T.  Welles,  Milio  Lac  reserve 7:i 

Dorillus  Morrison 4(> 

Dorillus  Morrison  and  others 41 

Aukney.  L'obinsou  &  Petit :i 

W.  W,  Hale,  (1  good  piece) i 


No.  3. 

Pepotiitions  of  u'itness(^  token  hij  me  at  the  offiee  of  the  eonimifinion  apjMintvd  hy  the  Cumntia- 
tioner  of  Indian  .Ijt'iiirn,  hij  direetion  of  the  Seeretari/  of  the  Interior  of  the  United  Stulei, 
and  under  the  anthoritji  of  the  said  commisnion,  at  the  eily  of  Alinneujiolis,  in  the  iSluti  of 
Minnesota,  on  the        day  of  August,  A.  D.  1872. 

'J".  B.  Wai.kkh,  of  Minneapolis,  being  by  nie  first  duly  affirmed,  as  hereinafter  certilit  d. 
dejioses  as  follows,  to  wit :  .My  age  is  thirty-two  years;  occupation,  luniberinaii ;  my 
residence  is  in  Minneapolis.    1  am  interested  with  Dr.  Butler  in  pieces  of  located  Chip- 


OR. 

—  Corlu'tt,  I  Mill 
liroviHioim  of  I  lie 

>t'  llllt  \\VM;  uliil- 

ly  of  the  ii|>iiiioii 

licli  was  rrcfivi'd 

t  least  that   this 

imc  to  1)1'  coiisicl- 

lii!  was  not  miii- 

I  tlierefoie  ine- 

is  a  coiiniiissiiiiu'r 
rrive  at  >,  foiiclii- 
ini  tlie  one  hand 
't  measure  of  the 
thi-  hiiaU  L'hiiiiii'il 
ny  out  faithfully 
r>f  the  net  of  .liiiie 


K.   KIXO, 

CoiHtninsioiK' 


Kici-;, 

vtmbrr  '2(\,  l^7-i. 

ys  at  this  oflice  ; 
said  otHce  in  the 
h  of  said  month  : 
ly  of  that  class 
>i)  exaininatiiin,  I 
ere,  as  apiiears  ol 

AJRE,  liecektr. 


ame  hthifi  itnioiciif 
i»i('.s  rexjH'direly. 

I'u'CPs. 

(18 

-JO 

18 

•J 

, 8 

4 

i:i 

:u 

, 7:? 

, 4(i 

41 


tvd  ly  //(('  Coinmi-f- 

tlie  Uiiitid  Stulfx, 

Ih,  in  the  •Stall  of 

•einafter  certilit  d. 

luuiberuian  ;  my 

s  of  located  Chip- 


CHII'I'EWA    HALr-ISREEDS   OF    LAKE    SL'I'ERIOR. 


275) 


IKiwa  lialf-hreed  Hciip,  ns  muiilieied  and  set  forth  in  Si  liednle  A,  lieretinto  attached, 
iiMil  in  ideees  which  I  claim  in  my  own  li^lit,  as  also  aiipears  in  said  Schediili.'  A,  at- 
t.iclied. 

This  scrip  was  ]inrclinsed  by  ns  in  the  years  18('iH.  ImOK,  l-to.  and  1871  ;  I  think  the 
most  of  it  ill  tilt;  visir  l^'tW.  We  )iiii'chiised  some  of  Henry  '1'.  Welles,  some  of  William 
S.  ('lia)iniaii,  some  of  K.  I.  Meiidenhal),  some  of  Tliom|isoii  «.V  lirother,  Saint  I'liiil. 

We  |iiii'chsised  this  sdij)  Just  as  we  would  no  into  the  market  and  lairchax'  laiid- 
wariiints.  'I'lie  price  paid  tor  this  scrip  was  |iiinr'ipiilly  s4  and  84. .'lO  per  iicic  This 
was  alioiit  the  market-value  of  the  scrip,  and  I  don't  think  we  piirehased  any  at  a  less 
[nice  than  81  jx'r  acre,     'i'liese  purchases  were  made  almost  wholly  liy  myself. 

(,>iiisfiuii.  \Vliat  iiii|iiiry,  if  any,  did  yon  make  as  to  the  L'li"raetei'  of  this  scrip  hefore, 
yon  piiirhased  it  .' — Answer.  The  i(iiesM(<ns  we  asked  weie  :  Are  tin*  parties  alive,  and 
;ire  tlie\  known  to  the  parties  selliiin'  the  sci'i|i,  and  tiiid  (Mit  from  them  what  tlicy 
know  iiliont  the  jiarties.  and  whether  they  would  be  likel.\  f«i  deed  tht;  land  to  ii.-.  afleV 
the  sciip  should  be  located.  We  made  no  i|iiestion  as  to  the  legality  of  the  sciiji,  bc- 
1  aii*<e  we  supposed  that  had  been  settled  befoiehand  by  the  (iovernment. 

<,'.  l>iil  you  seethe  scrip  or  ceitilicate  of  identity  and  the  papers  attached  liefore 
liiiichasiii<;  .'—A,  Of  course  we  saw  the  scrip  and  papers  before  piirchasinj;,  and  rxam- 
ined  them. 

(.{.  When  did  you  lirst  hear  of  any  fraud  in  these  rertilicates  or  over-lssm  lo 

same  .' — A.  I  lirst  heard  of  it  dnriiiy  the  session  of  the  commission  in  the  sin  .  of 
1-71. 

(/.  Did  you  ever  lefer  to  the  treaty  under  which  these  certilicates  of  identity  were 
issued  to  (ietermine  their  validity  .' — .\.  Dmi't  remember  that  I  ever  did. 

(}.  Ditl  you  know  that  none  were  entitled  to  such  certilicates  but  the  half-breed 
Inilians  belon<;in<r  to  the  Chippewas  of  Lake  Sii|)erior  .'— .\.  I  know  they  were  issued 
under  the  La  I'dinte  treaty,  but  the  class  of  persons  entitled  to  them  I  did  not  know 
auythin<r  alioiit. 

Q.  Did  you  not  know  that  these  certificates  were  issued  to  the  (Ihippowa  half-bieeds 
and  to  no  other  jiarties  .' — A.  1  did  know  that. 

Q.  Was  it  known  in  the  market  as  Chippewa  scrip  or  certilicates  of  the  lialf-biveds 
of  Lake  Snjterior  .' — A.  It  was  known  in  the  market  as  Chippewa  half-breed  scrip, 

if.  Had  you  any  kiiowledye  or  had  yon  ever  heard  any  riiports  or  discussion  as  to 
the  number  of  Chip[»ewa  half-breeds  entitled  to  such  scrip  .' — \.  I  had  no  deliniti;  idea 
or  knowledge  nor  any  way  of  kuowin<?.     Had  never  beard  the  matter  discussed. 

{}.  What  was  your  belief  at  the  time  of  niakiiitj  these  jmrchases  in  rej^ard  to  the 
character  of  these  certilicates  whether  they  were  issued  in  j  ood  faith,  or  were  fraudu- 
lent ? — A.  I  had  no  reason  for  su])i)osinj;  them  to  be  fraudulent,  and  believed  them 
to  be  gennine,  and  the  parties  named  in  certilicates  entitled  to  make  the  entries  of  the 
land. 

(}.  What,  in  your  judgment,  were  these  lands  worth  at  the  time  yon  niaile  the 
entries  ? — A,  My  estimate  was  that  they  were  worth  about  ■8.")  per  acre."  The  expense 
of  examining  the  land  and  making  the  entries  was  from  seventy-live  cents  to  81  jier 
acre.  That,  in  my  Judgmoiit,  would  cover  the  exiiense.  These  lands  are  iu  the  coun- 
ties of  Cass  ami  Itasca,  in  Minnesota,  and  were  most  of  them  purchased  upon  my  own 
personal  examination. 

L}.  by  chairman.  What  portion  of  these  lands  have  yon  jiersonally  iiisi)ect"d  .' — A. 
I'robably  nine-tenths  fit  them. 

Q.  by  chairman.  What  lo  you  say  is  their  i|iiiility.  whether  lirst,  second,  or  third 
rate  of  pine-lands  .' — A.  I  should  say  they  are  good  (piality  ;  counting  all  the  locations 
made  at  iniiiimiim  prices  I  should  say  these  were  bettt'r  than  the  average. 

Q.  by  chairman.  After  the  Chippewa  certilicates  were;  all  consumed  or  (h'l'lared 
fraudnleiit,  so  that  there  were  none  to  be  had  in  the  market,  what  do  yon  say  was  the 
value  of  these  lands  mentioned  and  set  forth  in  the  schedule  ! — A.  If  I  had  put  the 
lands  into  market.  I  jiresniiie  I  could  have  sold  them  at  about  8'i  per  acre.  The  best 
pine-lands  I  have  kimwii  sold  in  the  State  brought  sill  per  acre. 

(}.  by  chairman.  Are  the  dates  set  forth  in  your  schedule  in  the  last  column,  or  right- 
liaiid  column,  the  true  dates  of  the  location  in  every  instance  ? — A.  They  are,  unless  I 
have  made  some  mistake  in  transcribing. 

().  by  chairman.  Do  you  know  anything  alioiit  a  practice'  at  tin.'  hiiid-ofiice  to  unre- 
iliite  entries  .' — A.  I  do  not. 

(/.  by  chairman.  Have  any  pines  been  cut  on  your  lands  described  in  these  lists  by 
you  or  by  your  authority  .' — A.  ^iccording  to  my  best  knowledge  and  belief,  there  has 
been  no  timber  cut  on  any  of  those  lands. 

Q.  Has  the  price  or  value  of  these  lauds  advauceil  since  the  sjiring  of  1871  ? — A. 
Tliey  are  advancing  all  the  time,  and  jirobably  more  the  last  year  than  in  any  inevious 
year.     The  advance  the  i>ast  year  is  partly  owing  to  the  large  railroad  grants. 

().  by  ehainna...  l>id  yon  ever  hearof  a  lawsuit  between  ex-Commissioner  Dole  and 
.1.  1'.  \Vilsoii  growing  out  of  this  scrip  ? — A.  I  did  hear  of  it  for  the  lirst  time  last  year. 
1  learned  from  the  iiulilished  report  of  commission  appointed  last  year. 


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CHIPPEWA    IIALF-HREEDS   OF    LAKE    SUPERIOR. 


Q.  Ity  cliairnmn.  Have  yon  the  nu-ans  now  of  statin};  aniuatcly  the  date  of  your 
pnichdMeN  of  these  certificates  ?— A.  I  liave  not.  exeei>t  the  imrciiases  of  certiliciites 
Mere  made  Reiierally  before  the  date  of  the  entries. 

Q.  What  kno\vle(lj;e  have  yon,  if  any,  as  to  the  ehaructt-r  of  lands  located  by  other 
parties  under  these  eertiticates  at  or  about  the  time  your  lix^ations  were  made  V — A.  I 
have  been  over  the  u])i)er  country  more  than  any  one  else,  and  better  ae<iuainted  with 
its  character,  and  so  far  as  I  know  the  land  there  is  no  particular  ditt'erence  in  the 
value. 

Q.  What  number  of  feet  of  lumber  would,  in  your  Judj^ment,  these  lands  produce  per 
acre  ? — A.  Pi'obably  they  would  average  r>.OIiO  feet  per  acre. 

Q.  How  much  would  the  best  lands  produce,  in  yo\ir  juil<>n)ent  1 — A.  Probably  8,000 
feet.  Possibly  some  40-acro  tracts  could  bt^  selected  that  would  cut  10.000  feet  jx-r 
acre.  I  know  of  no  recent  sales  of  pine-lands  except  one  sale  of  l.(M)0  acres,  entered 
lonjj;  previous  to  our  selections,  and  lying  on  tiie  bank  of  I'rairie  Kiver,  wliich  were 
sold  at  !?10  per  acre.     Only  one  firm  in  the  city  would  jiay  that  i)rice. 

Q.  How  aretlie  lands  located  with  the  scrip  or  certilicates  situated  as  to  fiettiuj;  the 
lumber  to  market,  favf)rably  or  unfavorably  ?— A.  Mostly  favorably  located,  Itcin;; 
some  of  it,  however,  four  miles  from  streams.  I  never  dealt  in  the  Chippewa  scrip 
except  to  enter  lands  for  myself  or  my  lirm.  The  20  pir(.'es  on  the  last  pa}»e  of 
schedule  furnish(!d  and  nundicred  as  follows,  to  wit,  IT*,  *^01,  20i^,  179,  140,  v!-JO 
171,  177,()4,  IIM,  100,  l(i.-},  hVi,  ld4,  '^OH,  1()3.  1->J,  l-,i(),  227,  1:50,  were  purchased  by  me  of 
H.  T.  Welles,  in  July  or  AM};ust,  l-'70,  and  the  last  of  Ai)ril  or  May,  1?'71,  and  cost  me 
S'J.rjO  and  1^:5  per  acre  :  the  average  cost  being  about  s-^.7.')  iter  acre.  They  belong  to 
me  persomiliy.  Mr.  Welles  did  not  mention  to  me  thiitall  entries  of  scrii)  at  tiie  land- 
oHice  had  been  forbidden.  The  entries  markeil  in  tlie  seliednle  "  iicrsoiuil  entries, " 
were  made  at  the  Saint  Cloud  land-ollice  in  April  and  M^y.  I'^TO.  The  right  in  tiiise 
entries  was  purchased  of  J.  P.  Wilson  at  f^2.'M  per  acre,  in  April,  1870.  These  entries 
were  represented  to  us  by  Mr.  Wilson,  of  whom  we  itnrchased,  as  having  the  same 
validity  as  entries  under  the  half-breed  Chijipewa  scrip,  lielbre  purchasing,  we  re- 
f(uired  a  certificate  from  the  register  of  the  land-otlice  that  these  entries  were  properly 
made  according  to  instructions  from  the  General  Land-Ot)ice. 

T.  «.  WALKER. 

(See  T.  li.  Walker,  recalled,  on  jtage  2'M.) 

My  name  is  Levi  Butler;  aged  fifty-four  years;  reside  in  Min.icapolis  ;  am  a  linn 
bennan.  I  am  interested  witli  T.  B.  Walker  in  about  4,.'i(j:»  acres  of  lauil  located  under 
certilicates  issued  to  Chiitpewa  half-breeds  of  Lake  Superior.  In  most  instances  Mr. 
Walker  has  purchased  this  scrip,  (so  called.)  In  a  few  instances  we  hav.)  purchased 
together.  These  purchases  have  beeu  made  during  the  last  five  years.  Jly  impression 
is  that  we  purchased  about  forty  pieces  at  nearly  one  time  about  four  years  ago. 

Question.  Had  you  any  knowledge  or  information  as  to  the  quantity  or  amount  of 
these  certificates  that  had  been  issued  or  wtn-t^  in  the  market  at  the  time  of  your  pur- 
chase ? — Answer.  Have  no  recollection  that  I  had  any  knowledge  of  the  amount  of 
scrip  issued.  May  have  heard  it  stated  at  some  time,  but  l«\ve  no  recoUectiou  of  the 
amount. 

Q.  Would  the  value  of  the  scrip  depend  in  any  degree  n[ion  the  quantity  that  had 
been  issued  ? — A.  It  certainly  would. 

ii.  Would  you  not,  tlit-n,  before  making  any  considerable  purchase,  make  inquiry  as 
to  the  amount  issued  or  authorized  to  be  issued  ? — A.  1  have  beeu  governed  in  my 
purchases  of  scrip  more  particularly  by  the  estimate  of  the  value  of  the  land  to  be 
entered  from  time  to  time,  At  sonn;  times  parties  have  presented  me  with  selections 
of  land  which  I  did  not  consider  worth  as  much  as  the  scrip  was  worth  at  the  time  in 
the  market. 

Q.  In  buying  these  certificates,  whatever  might  be  your  opinion  of  the  value  of  the 
lauds  ])arties  have  claimed  to  have  selected,  you  would  not  be  likely  to  give  more  for 
the  certificates  than  their  actual  value  ;  would  you  not,  therefore,  be  likely  to  inquire 
as  to  the  amount  of  scrij)  likely  to  be  issued  ? — A.  I  have  always  beeu  governed  to  some 
extent  by  the  value  of  these  certificates  in  the  market. 

Q.  Did  you  not  endeavor  to  keep  yourself  poste<l  as  to  the  amount  of  certificates  is- 
sued, or  authorized  to  be  issued  .' — A.  Not  particularly  with  reference  to  making  my 
own  juirchases. 

Q.  If  under  the  treaty  ten  thousand  pieces  or  certificates  were  authorized  to  be  is- 
sued, would  they  not  be  less  valualile  than  if  only  one  thousand  pieces  were  authoiized 
to  be  issued  ? — A.  They  would. 

Q.  If,  therefore,  you  were  dealing  in  these  certificates,  how  could  it  be  that  yon 
would  not  try  to  ascertain  how  many  <'ertificates  were  authorized  to  be  issued 
in  order  to  ascertain  how  much  they  would  be  worth  .' — .\.  I  never  have  at- 
tempted to  deal  in  thi'se  certificates  as  a  speculation  ;  iiave  (uily  jinrehased  to  seciue 
lands,  and  have  only  been  governed  in  the  price  paid  by  the  value  of  the  land  to  bo 
secured. 


CHIPPEWA    HALF-BREEDS   OF    LAKE    SUPERIOR. 


281 


anrtsprotlnco  per 


IJ.  WALKER. 


uantity  that  hart 


Q.  What  chiss  of  persons  did  you  iinikrstaud  were  entitled  to  those  certilicates  ? — 
A.  The  Chip|»e\va  halt-hreeds. 

Q.  How  (lid  yon  understand  that  ?— A.  By  reading  the  act.  I  think  I  have  read  the 
act  or  treaty. 

Q.  Was  it  not  stated  in  the  treaty  that  you  read  that  it  was  the  Chippewa  balf- 
breeds  of  Lake  Superior  ? — A.  I  eannot  state.  I  have  read  statements  in  the  newspa- 
pers ;  may  have  read  the  ori<;inal  treaty,  but  not  certain. 

Q.  Did  you  ever  iiear  any  estimates  nnule  at  or  before  the  time  of  these  i>urchases  as 
to  the  probable  number  of  Chippewas  entitled  to  tiiese  certificates  ? — A.  I  have  prob- 
ably heard  estimates,  but  cannot  recollect  or  say  detinitely  what  they  were. 

Q.  Who  jnincipally  had  thests  certiticates  for  sale  at  the  time  of  these  purchases  ?-— 
A.  My  opinion  is  tliat  H.  T.  Welles  has  had  wore  than  any  other  one  man,  but  they 
have  been  for  sale  by  several  ditferent  jiarties. 

Q.  Had  yon  at  or  before  the  time  of  your  purc'.ases  heard  any  reports  as  to  liow  Mr. 
Welles  got  tiiese  certiticates  ? — A.  Mr.  Welles  has  told  me  once  or  twice  that  he  has 
bought  of  Thompson  &  Bro.,  of  Saint  Paul,  and  I  think  lie  has  mentioned  Mr.  W.  S. 
Chapman.     I  think  he  has  mentioned  other  parties,  but  I  tlo  not  recollect  now. 

Q.  Have  you  heard  any  reports  tliat  were  unfavorable  to  the  character  of  the  certifi- 
cates held  by  Mr.  Welles  ? — A.  Never,  until  lately — never  heard  anything  up  to  the 
time  of  making  jnirchases. 

Q.  Dill  it  ever  occur  to  you  befort;  yon  completed  your  purchases  that  the  amount  of 
these  certiticates  issued  might  be  too  large  ?— A.  I  had  no  reason  definitely  to  sus- 
pect so. 

(.^.  How  much  did  you  regard  these  lands  as  worth  when  you  made  the  location  ? — 
A.  I  regarded  them  worth  what  I  paid  for  tlie  certificate  and  exjjloration  of  locatitni. 
I  paid  for  the  certiticates  from  s^.oO  to  ?i4..')0  per  acre,  and  the  cost  of  exploration  and 
location,  about  i^l  per  acre.  All  the  certificates,  except  what  we  had  of  J,  P.  Wilson, 
cost  from  .S4  to  s?  l.oC  per  acre— most  of  it  S4.oO  per  acre. 

Q.  Was  it  located  on  surveyed  or  unsiirveyed  lands  ? — A.  I  think  the  most  of  it  was 
located  on  unsiirveyed  lands.  The  oltjcet  of  buying  the  certificates  was  because  it  was 
understood  to  give  that  ))rivilege. 

t^.  Had  yon  at  or  before  your  purchases  heard  that  the  Commissioner  of  Indian  Af- 
fairs was  interested  in  this  scrip  or  tlie  location  ? — A.  Have  no  recollection  that  1  ever 
heard  of  that. 

Q.  Can  yon  give  the  names  of  the  parties  from  whom  your  certiticates  were  purchased  f 
— A.  Mostly  from  Mr.  Welk.s;  some  from  R.  I.  Mendenhall.  My  recollection  is  that  the 
forty  pieces  referred  to  were  jmrehased  of  Mr.  Welles.  1  think  we  have  purchased  some 
of  Mr.  Tliompson  &  Bro  ,  of  Saint  P.iul. 

Q.  Can  yon  give  the  names  of  the  parties  who  originally  procured  or  made  applica- 
tion for  the  certilicate  under  which  yon  claim  ? — A.  1  cannot  do  that  without  referring 
to  the  pajters. 

Q.  In  l)nying  this  scrip  did  it  make  any  dil^'erence  to  yon  to  whom  the  scrip  was 
snpi>osed  to  belong  originally,  or  by  whom  it  was  procured  at  Washington  ? — A.  1  have 
not  made  any  point  on  that,  but  relied  upon  the  el.aracter  of  the  man  of  whom  I  pur- 
('hase<l.  It  has  nt»t  occurred  to  me  to  inciuire  whether  the  half-breed  was  from  Lake 
Superior,  or  Saint  Paul,  or  Pembina. 

By  E.  P.  S. : 

I  i)urchased  of  .1.  P.  Wilson  eleven  eiitiies  under  personal  application  of  lialf-breed 
at  Saint  Cloud.  I  i>aid  Wilson  .»<2.r>0  per  acre.  This  was  because  it  was  represented  to 
me  that  the  land  was  not  worth  more  than  !ii«l{..")0  per  acre,  and  Mr.  Wilson  was  in  need 
of  money.  I  understand  that  these  entries  ])nrcliased  of  Wilson  were  made  upon  the 
l)ersonal  api>lication  of  the  half-breeds  at  the  land-otfice  at  Saint  Cloud.  Wilson  did 
not  state  to  me  the  nature  of  the  title,  but  said  the  title  would  be  good.  My  recollec- 
tion is  that  he  was  to  give  us  a  perfect  title  from  the  half-l>reed.  'i'liere  was  an  agree- 
ment made  to  pel  feet  tlie  title,  and  signed  by  Mr.  Wilson  before  the  money  was  paid. 
This  purchase  was  made  within  tlie  past  two  years. 

I  may  have  heanl  that  there  was  fraudulent  scrip  in  the  market,  but  I  aimed  to  pur- 
chase only  from  parties  in  whom  I  had  confidence  would  give  me  what  they  repre- 
.sent<id. 

If  I  had  known  the  amount  of  scri))  authorized  to  be  issued  I  had  no  mcansof  know- 
ing the  amount  which  had  been  actuallv  located. 

LEVI  BUTLER. 


■".:■•».' 


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Also,  W.  W.  Hai.k,  being  by  me  first  duly  sworn,  as  hereinafter  certified,  dejioses  and 
siiys.  that  my  name  is  W.  W.  Hale:  aged  thirty-one  years;  am  a  lumberman;  1  reside 
at  Manomin,  Anoka  (,'onnty.  Minnesota.  I  claim  an  interest  in  one  linndied  and  sixty 
acres  of  laud  located  under  Chippewa  half-breed  scrir>,  or  certificate  of  I^ake  Superior. 
These  certiticates  are  issued  to  \o.  »?.  H.  H.  Bcaiilieu,  and  the  other  is  No.  'iDD,  issued 
to  Mary  Isbister,  living  at  Saint  Cloud,    I  give  these  names  and  numbers  from  mem- 


:':^:-r:::|| 


■  1   •■)■ 


I   i 


282 


CHIPPEWA    lIALF-nPtEEDS    OF    LAKE    SUPERIOR. 


ory,  not  Imviiijj  tlio  piijiers  incsoiit.  I  bonjiht  liotli  ))it'cc.«i  fioiii  II.  T.  Wfllcs,  tliionirli 
T.  H.  Walker,  about  I-Vbrnaiy  or  Marcli.  1^71.  I  jiaiil  .*-l..'iO  \wr  acre.  Tlit'  laiiil  luis 
not  yet  been  snrveyetl,  and  I  can  only  a|iiivoviniate  its  value.  It  eaunot  exceed,  in  inv 
opinion,  s(»..jO  per  acre.  The  expense  of  exidoiatiiui  and  location  ot'  the  land  is  about 
SI  per  acre, 

t/nestion.  Did  you  deal  in  any  of  these  certilicates  except  the  two  pieics  referred  to 
above  ? — Answer.  I  never  have. 

(/.  Had  yon  at  the  time,  of  niakinjj  these  itnrehases  any  reason  to  suspect  that  the 
eertiticates  were  fraudulent .' — A.  No,  sir,  I  ha<l  not. 

\V.  W.  HALE. 
Statk  of  Mixxksota,  County  of  Ilnniipin,  sn : 

S.  A.  IlAititis,  being  duly  sworn,  dc'iioses  and  says,  that  he  obtained  for  a  valuable 
consideration  the  following  described  certificates  of  half-breed  Cliippew  a  scrip  :  \'i.  'i'M 
C,  issued  to  ,Ju>tine  Johnson  ;  No. -i:?  C,  issued  to  William  I'i(|nette:  No.  i:<  C,  issued 
to  Genevieve  JIcDonald,  at  the  same  time,  for  the  saim-  ]>rice,  and  of  the  same  person, 
as  throe  other  certificates  located,  concerning  which  testimony  has  been  given  by  him 
befoi  "  the  (lovennnent  connnission  now  sitting  in  MinneajKilis,  Minn. :  tliat  the  th'ee 
certificates  herein  described  are  \inlocated.  and  that  lie  is  the  owner  and  holder  of  the 
same. 

8.  A.  HARRIii. 

Subscribed  and  sworn  to  before  me  this  '2(^11  dav  of  August,  A.  P.  1S7"2. 
[seal.]  ■  E.  8.  .JONES, 

Xotdry  I'uHk;  Iltiiiwiiiu  Comity,  MiiDi. 

S.  A.  Hakhis,  being  by  nie  first  duly  s\>orn,  as  hereinafter  certified,  deposes  as  fi)l- 
lows,  to  wit : 

My  name  is  S.  A.  Harris,  aged  "24  years.  I  reside  in  Miiiueaiiolis ;  am  banker.  I 
came  to  be  the  owner  of  three  located  certiticates  of  the  Chippewa  half-breeds  of  Luke 
Superior,  numbered,  respectively,  5,  71),  and  2'.»:$,  letter  C.  The  last  number,  20:?,  is  iu 
the  name  of  Margaret  Corbin.  Number  ,'>  is  in  the  name  of  CatliariiieEla  ;  number  70, 
lite.  Boudrie  ;  number  79  located  on  W.  i  S.  W.  i,  section  :iii,  township  4:?,  range  2.\ ; 
number  5  located  on  N.  W.  i  of  S.  E.  i  and  N.  E.  i  of  S.  W.  J,  section  f,  towiishii>  .'jII, 
range  '2'y ;  number  2'J;{  located  on  E.  -h  S.  E.  i,  section  4,  township  50,  range  "i").  This 
scrip  was  purchased  about  February,  o(  18()'.>,  of  (}eorge  Harris,  then  of  Minneapolis, 
now  of  San  Francisco,  Cal.  I  never  saw  the  lands,  and  all  I  know  of  them  is  what  I 
have  heard  of  other  iiarties.  The  scrip  cost  me  !J4..")0  per  acre,  and  about  SI  per  acre 
to  locate.  I  think  the  locations  were  made  in  the  spring  and  fall  of  lt^70,  and  supposed 
the  lauds,  on  an  average,  were  worth  the  cost  of  «scrip  and  locating  the  saiiic. 

Question.  Had  yon  any  kuowlinlge  or  suspicion  at  the  time  you  imule  these  purchases 
that  there  was  anything  wrong  or  fraudulent  about  these  certiticates  ! — Answer.  No, 
sir;  I  never  had.  I  knew  nothing  about  them,  and  purchased  as  I  would  a  land-war- 
rant. George  Harris,  of  whom  I  purchased  the  scrip,  was  a  retail  lumber-dealer,  and 
was  not  a  deaha-  in  tliese  certificates.  These  certificates  were  the  only  ones  he  ever 
purchased,  as  he  told  me.  He  is  now  employed  in  the  oftiae  of  William  S.  Chapman, 
of  San  Francisco,  but  was  in  no  way  connected  in  business  with  said  Chapman  at  the 
time  I  purchased  this  scrip  or  certificate,  nor  had  he  been  for  at  least  four  or  fiveyeais 
previous  to  that  time. 

S.  A.  HARRIS. 

Also,  Gkokuk  B.  WiiiiiiiT  deposes  as  A)llows,  to  wit : 

My  name  is  George  B.  Wright,  of  Minneapolis.  My  age  is  thirty-seven  years.  Occu- 
pation is  a  land-surveyor.  I  claim  to  be  the  owner,  witli  William  W'indom  and  Suviali 
T.  Davison,  of  lands  jocated  under  certificate  numl)er  '204,  issued  to  ,  and 

located  in  W.  i  S.  W.  i,  section  — ,  township  i:>7,  range  l?^',  in  Minnesota  :  and  number 
100,  issued  to  ,  located  on  S.  A  S.  W.  i,  section  15,  township  1:57,  range  :!-.  iu 

Minnesota. 

By  T.  C.  J. : 

Question.  When  and  of  whom  did  you  imrchase  these  certificates?— Answer.  I  had 
been  engaged  in  surveying  land  as  a  (ioveriimeiit  surveyor,  and  fimnd  some  pine- 
lands.  I  gave  the  notes  of  them  to  C.  1>.  Davison,  at  that  time  surveyor-general, 
which  notes  of  land  were  to  be  used  for  the  mutual  Iteiiefit  of  Mr.  Davison  and  myself. 
Mr.  Davison  located  the  lands  with  the  aliove-iiamed  Chiiipewa  certificates  or  scrip, 
for  the  imrchase  of  whicdi  Mr.  Windom  furnished  the  nioiiey,  the  agreement  b<'iiig 
that  Mr.  Windom  should  have  a  three-fourths  interest,  and  Mv.  Davison  and  myself 
should  have  a  one-fourth  interest  iu  the  land. 

By  CuAiit.MAX  : 
Q.  Where,  when,  and  by  whom   was  the  arrangeiiient   made  with  Windom  ?— A.  It 
was  made  by  Mr.  Davisoii  some  time  dining  the  winter  of  A.  D.  Irilllt  and  l-'7t».    My 
understanding   from  Mr.  Windom   is  that  the  certificates  cost  i?'»  per  acre.     I  slieidd 


CHIPPEWA    IIALF-HREEDS    OF    LAKE    SUPERIOR. 


283 


S.  A.  HARRIS. 


Jiulge  the  Innds  to  \ui  worth  i*o  to  §6  per  iicre.  They  wcro  rn'iher  inferior  lands  for  iiinc- 
lands,  I  also  reitrcsent,  as  a;i;eiit  for  the  Lake  Superior  and  Pn^et  Sound  Coni])any, 
who  claim  to  own  the  following;  lands  located  by  Chijiiunva  hali-lireed  scrip  of  Lake 
Superior,  as  numliered  and  set  forth  iu  schedule  marked  B,  and  hereunto  ftttaclied, 

(}.  State  what  you  know  in  reference  to  the  purchase  and  location  of  the  lands  de- 
scribed in  this  list. — A.  The  scrip  or  certificates  were  pr.reliased,  1  think,  in  Anf;;ust, 
Ir'HK  by  C.  1>.  Davison,  then  of  Minneapolis,  for  Thomas  11.  (Janlield,  now  pvesident  of 
the  Lake  .Superior  and  Pujjet  Sound  Couii)any.  Tiie  j)rice  paid  I  understood  to  bi's:!,")!! 
jier  acre.  I  think  it  was  purchased  of  Henry  T.  Welles,  and  it  was  from  him  that  I 
learned  the  price.  It  was  located  on  lands  iu  Cass  County  near  the  line  of  tlie  Ncuth 
Pacific  Railroad.  Mr.  Canlield  paid  !>!."i,(fOU  to  remove  conllictinfj  claimants  from  the 
land  that  these  were  located  on.  These  claims  were  I),  squatters  on  the  land.  The 
locations  were  made  by  C.  D.  Davison  in  September,  isfd. 

Q.  Have  yon  a  knowledj;o  of  the  nuality  and  value  of  these  lands  ?  And  if  so,  state 
what  in  your  judf^ment  they  were  worth  at  t!ie  time  of  the  location. — A.  I  have  seen 
some  jiortion  of  these  lands,  but  not  all.  I  think  they  were  worth  about  .S')  per  acre. 
The  expense  of  selecting  and  locating  the  land  would  be  about  .ijl  per  acre.  I  became 
agent  for  this  company  on  the  tirst  of  October,  lt<70;  engaged  by  the  company  at  a 
salary.  My  duties  have  been  purchasing  and  taking  care  of  lands,  paying  taxes,  and 
keeping  the  records  of  the  company. 

Q.  Had  yon  anything  to  do  iu  making  the  selections  of  lauds  mentioned  in  the  above 
list  i—A.  I  had  not. 

Q.  Had  yon  made  any  report  of  the  character  of  these  lands  to  Davison  before  these 
entries  were  made  ? — A.  I  had  ijut.  I  never  dealt  iu  the  certiticates;  never  bought  or 
s<dd  any  of  them. 

Q.  Who  are  the  members  of  the  L.  S.  &  P.  S.  Co.  ? — A.  It  is  a  stock  company,  and 
really  I  do  not  know  any  but  the  otlHcers  of  the  company  ;  they  are,  Thomas  H.  Can- 
tield,  president ;  Frederick  Billings,  vice-president ;  Samuel  Wilkerson,  secretary ;  Cal- 
vin Goddard,  treasurer;  general  otHce  120  Broadway, New  York  City. 

List  of  Chippewa  half-breed  scrip. 

No.  "^O-l.  Josette  Henrie  or  Antonio  Henrie,  W.  i  S.  W.  J,  section  10,  township  137, 
range  :$8. 

No.  1<!0.  Mary  Dennett  or  Andrew  Dennett,  S.  ^  S.  W.  i,  section  15,  township  i:{7, 
range  ;?8. 

Lands  purchased  by  William  Windom,  three-fourths ;  Suviah  T.  Davison,  one-eighth ; 
Geo.  B.  Wright,  one-eighth. 

SciiEDii.K  B. — Lint  nf  Chippewa  scrip. 


No. 


llf) 
117 
128 
l.'M 

\m 

isl 

188 
10l> 
200 
20(1 
212 

2:i!t 

245 
25:? 
277 
2^0 
2-it) 

mi 


Name. 


Subdivision. 


Leticia  Anderson W.  i  of  N.  E.  J . 

Henry  Anderson W.  i  of  N.  E.  | . 

Josette  Bellehemeur W.  i  of  S.  W.  i . 

Louise  Cai)let W.  i  of  S.  W.  i. 

Margaret  Desjarlin !•].  A  of  S.  W.  J . . 

Baptiste  Fanstneuf W.  ^  of  S.  E.  i . . 

Margaret  Flemaiul , . .  E.  it  of  S.  E.  i  . . 

Elizabeth  Halcro  w Frac.  of  S.E.J. 

Elizabeth  Howse E.  i  of  S.  E.  i  . . 

Charlotte  Hodgson W.  i  of  S.  ^^'.  j . 

Marv  .Johnson E,  :V  of  N.  E.  j^ . . 

.John  D.  McKay E.  i  of  N.  W.  i  . 

Marv  ilonkimui W.  J  of  S.  E.  J^ . . 

Maria  Xavier  (?) W.  i  of  N.  W.  i. 

Charlotte  Richard E.  A  of  S.  W.  i . . 

Louise  .Shaboyer Frac.  of  N.  E.  J- . 

.James  Sinclair E.  1  of  X.  W.  i^  . 

Ellen  Tibauet W.  i  of  X.  W.  i 




1 

Sec. 

Town- 
ship. 

8 

13:j 

5 

133 

4 

133 

<> 

133  1 

4 

133  , 

5 

133  1 

8 

133  1 

y 

133  : 

!   5 

133  i 

■   l> 

133 

f* 

133 

9 

133 

8 

133 

4 

133 

J   i) 

133 

1   '•• 

133 

1   4 

133  1 

'■' 

i:',3  1 

Range. 


28 

28 
28 
28 
28 
28 
28 
28 
28 
28 
28 
28 
28 
2"' 
28 
2S 
2S 


The  above  owned  l)y  the  Lake  Superior  ami  Puget  Sound  Comitany,  a  corporation 
authiu'izt'd  to  transact  business  iu  the  .State  of  Minnesota,  and  of  which  Thos.  H.  Ban- 
ticid.of  Burlington,  Vt.,  is  president. 

GEORGE  B.  WRIGHT, 

Aijcnt,  MinncajtoUtt,  Minn. 

C.  D.  Davison  died  at  Otter  Tail,  iu  this  State,  in  December,  1870. 

GEORGE  B.  WIJIGHT. 


.»••,:., 


;■».*•■- 


'■  (It  t  I 


2S4 


IHII'IMIWA    llAhr-MHKKUs    or    LAKi:    sri'KKKHt. 


Wii.MAM  \V.  I'.AsiMAN,  of  Miiiiii';nii)li,s,  lii'iiij;  l>,v  iiic  tirst  duly  hwoiii,  (liposcH  as  i\.\. 
lows.  III  w  il  : 

My  niiiiii- is  Williuin  \V.  I'.astinan,  iiiiil  rcsiilc  in  Miiiii<'ii|)iilis ;  iiiii  l.'i  yi'inN  nf  mj,.  ; 
JMii  ill  lilt'  liiiiilicr  liiisiiii'SN.  I  iiiii  :i  iiii'iiilii'r  nf  t  lie  linn  nl  I'.mhI  hi, hi,  ltii\  ry  \  ( 'o.,  w  hci 
claim  III  liavo  iiiailo  liicalinns  nl' laiiil.s  ii|i(iii  nTlilii'ali'.s  isMiril  tii('lii|)|M>wa  liaU'-liri'i'ils 
ol'  liUki"  SiiiuTiiir,  as  rollnws,  to  wil  ; 

No.  'J'J'.I,  ,Tulia  l<a  Dcrool,  S,  i  S.  W.  [,  si'dimi  'X<,  lownsliip  .MJ,  raii>;r  ".'.">. 

No. '.'/"'.  h'osalii>  UiclianI,  S.  \  N,  \V.  |,  seel  ion  *J,  lownsliip  .V.',  raii);!'  vTv, 

No.  '.'"i','.  Mary  Sinitli,  S.  \  \.  K.  [,  soclion  :i,  township  .V.',  raiiy;c  ".•."». 

No.  »'•.'!.  Mario  l.ciaiu'i',  S.  \  S.  !•',.  J,  soriion  'M,  lownsliip  ,'i:i,  ran>;c  ','.">. 

No.  1(il.  Itaptislo  Itcjarliii.  lols  I,  •,',  ami  II.  scclion  :i,  lownsliip  ,V,',  raii;;c  ','.■). 

No,  \.".i'i.  Maria  SlaliT,  lols  v',  ;i,  and  I,  scciioii  *J.  lownsliiii  .VJ,  raiim-  ',','1. 

."*.">.  I'ranvois  I'illt'r,  N.  i  N.  I",.  J.  si-clion  *J,">.  township  .'ill,  raii;;f  'J.'. 

!l»T.  W.  Slator.  S.  \V.  \  N.  I',,  j  and  N.  \\.  [  S.  i;.  j.  si-clioir.',"),  township  .".:!,  laiii;.'  •.•:. 


N. 


o. 


(,>iU'stioii.  state   when   and   under  w 


ihal 


eirciinislaneeH  these  < 


rlili 


eales  were  pur 


»'has(d.  — Answer.  They  were  piirelniscd  in    I'elunary  or  Mareli,  1^71,  of  ||.    \.\\ 

of  Miniiea)io1is.  'I'lie  Inisincss  was  tr,'iiisaeled  liy  me.  The  prii-e  paid  was  s|.'J.">  per  aire 

(^.  What,  in   your  Jniljiiin'iit,  was  ihe  land   \\ortli   at  lln<   time  yon    pnreliascd  liirsi' 
eerlilieales  / — .\.  All  I  know  ahoiil  il  is  from  the  prie(>  I  paid  for  the  entilieates. 

(.}.  At  or  before  the  liiii(>  of  the    pnreliasc  had  yon  any  luiowledue  or  iiifonnalion  ;in 
to   tln>  ainonnt   of  these  t'erlilieales  thai    was  anllioii/cil  to  lie  issued  ,' — .\.  Ni 
had   no  knowledp*  of  anything:;  ahoiit    it  ;   I  \>;is  told  liy  .Mr.  Welles  that  llie  seri| 


I 


>  was 


i'ol  Ihese  eerlilieates  ?— ,\.  No,  sir  :  lie  diil 


j^ood  and  prepared  ready  to  local 

(.,>.   l>id  Mr.  Welles  Icll  yini  w  here  oi- how 
not  tell  iiie,  nor  «lid  I  ask  him, 

i).  I'id  not  yon  know  from  reports.lhal  Mr.Welh>s  had  a  very  lary;e  jtmoiint  of  llies,- 
certilicales,  Itel'ore  or  at  the  lime  you  purchased  ? — .\,  No,  sir;  I  diil  not  know  liiai  lie 
had  a  larj;e  ainonnt,  or  that  there  was  any  such  lliinij  until  1  was  re(|neslcd  to  Imy  ii. 
I  liad  known  that  there  was  hall'-lirced  Chippewa  si'rip.  Init  I  have  iinderslood  I  hat 
this  was  a  dill'en<nt  sort  of  scrip,  or  a  new  issue, 

(^>.  Had  yon,  at  or  Itefore  the  lHiit>  of  the  piircliase,  any  knowleilije  or  inlornialioii  as 
to  the  amount  of  C'liii>pewa  half-lireed  eertilieales  aniliori/ed  to  he  issued  .'—A.  No, 
Kir:  I  never  had  any  knowlcdije  of  that  kind. 

l,>.  At  or  previous  to  lln>  time  id"  the  jmrchase  had  yon  any  inlormation.  or  had  von 
lieard  any  reports  that  then"  had  lieen  any  frandiileni  or  over  issn(<  of  cerlilicales  .'~.\ 
No,  sir;   1  never  heard  anytliiiin'  aliont   it   lielore  thai   time,     llav«'  heard  of  it  since. 


This  is  the  only  pniidiase  of  these  cerlilie,ites  I  ever  made, 


Wll.l.lAM  W,  KASIMAN. 


.loiiN  I>i".  l.AirruK,  of  Minneapiilis  ;  My  jij^e  is  tVirly  years;  ;im  n  iiiannt'acfiiier  of 
Ininher.  .\in  a  memlter  of  the  lirm  of  Ivislman,  Movey  \  Co.,  and  as  sindi  am  inter- 
ested in  certilicales  of  half-hrced  Chippewas  of  Kake  Superior,  and  lands  located  under 
tln<m,  as  descrihed  in  the  list  reterred  to  in  the  t(>sliiiiony  of  William  W.  I,.'is|iiiini. 
The  locations  were  made  hetore  the  middle  of  T'ehrnary,  H71,  hy  myself,  for  our  lirm. 

They  were  located  on  .a  small  stream  called  "  Spit  Hand,"  in  tin iinly  of  (.'ass,  Miii- 

nes(dn.  When  wt'  Iocat(>d  tlieseri|i  we  estimated  the  land  worth  s-">  (ler  acre.  The 
ex]»ens(>  alteiidin,<<;  the  location  of  the  laml  was  seventy-five  cents  per  acre,  1  lia\e 
but  very  litth*  experieiict>  in  it. 

lj>.  State  iiU  yon  know  by  reports  or  otherwise  in  rey;ard  to  the  cliar;icler  of  Ihese 
eerlilieates  at  the  time  yon  niaile  the  imrchase. — A.  .Ml  1  knew  was  I  supposed  llicni 
to  be  jjood.     Cp  to  that  time  all  1  heard  was  that  Cliipimwa  hall-breed  scrip  was  ^ood. 


This 


ill  1 


ever  owiiet 


.INO.  l)K  LAnTK'i; 


No.  J. 


l>tM!Ti.rs   MoKiMsoN,  of  Minneapolis,  briii^   tirst    by  me  duly  alliiimMl,  di'jioscs  as 
follows : 

I  reside  in  Minneaiiolis ;  am  .">•  years  of  aije;  my  ocenpation  lias  been  Inmbeiiiiic 
and  iiiaiintactnriii<>' ;  I  own  about  l.UOO  acres  of  land  located  upon  certilicitcs  of  Chip- 
pewas of  mixed  blood  of  Lake  .Superior,  numbered  and  desciib(>d  seln'dnte  and  herelo 
attached,  I  am  sole  owner  of  these  lands;  soiii(>  of  the  eerlilieates  upon  which  tliesi' 
lands  were  eiit»>red  I  purchased  of  H.  T.  Welles.  I'eter  Koy,  and  various  other  parlie: 
Have  bt>en  in  habit  of  piirchiisiiii;  scrip  of  Messrs.  Thompson  Hrothers.  Saint  Paul 


iiid 


resume  som(>  o 


nil 


IS  was  1)11 


ircliased  of  I  hen 


(^>nestion.  Can  yon  state  at   what  ))iice  the  scrip  used    in  the  local imi  of  these  lamls 


was  purchased  ? — Answer.  From  i*:>  ttiSI  per  acii>.    I  paid  Mr.  Welles  at*:!  pcracn 


anil 


R. 


('IHPFFAVA    IIALF-IUiKKDS    OK    I.AKK    sri'KKloW. 


2«r) 


I,    tll'lMIHI'M    ilS    I'l   1- 

l\  I'V  \    (  'ii,,  w  lici 

fwa  liall-lniTilH 


m^c  'J."). 

:.'.'>. 

•J.">. 

■liip  ."lit,  raiim'  •.'.'i, 

Icntrs  were  |M||  ■ 
.f  II.  r.  Wrllos. 
IN  S  I.','.")  ]M'r  ;irir. 
|ilin'liiisi>il  till. HI' 
crlilii'utcs. 
r  iiil'driiiiilinii  ,'im 
?— A.  N..,>ic;  I 
lat  till'  si'ii|i  was 

\.  Ni),  sir  :  lie  diil 

mnoiinl  of  tlicsi> 

Kit    Know    tlllll    III' 

lU'sti'il  to  liny  it. 
iiniliM'stiiiiil  tliat 

ir  inl'Di'inal ion  as 
i.sMicd  .' — A.  Nil, 

it  ion.  oi'  liail  you 
t'l'ililicalt's  .' — A 
licanl  of  it  sinci'. 

A'.  1",  AST  MAN. 

niamiractnicr  of 
.sncli  am  inter- 
Is  loi'atcil  nndcr 
ni  \V.  Kastinan. 
I',  l°or  iinr  ticni. 
ty  of  (.';iss,  Min- 
|M>r  aiTt'.    Tin' 
lor  acre.     I   liavi' 

arai'tci'  of  tlii-se 

sn|i|iosc(l  tlii'in 

I  s('ri|i  was  j;noil. 

)i;  l.MTTK'K. 


ini'tl,  (li'iiost's  as 

liccii  Inni'icrini; 
ilicatt's  of  ('lii|>- 
ilnlt'  ami  licn'tn 
|)on  wjiii'li  tlii'si' 
IS  otliiT  paitii's. 
Saint  raiil,  ami 

n  of  llit'sc  laiiils 
S:!  pciaiTC,  anil 


iilso  Mr.  K'oy,  1  |iiiid  .'$>:(  for.    I  also  ]iiiri'liiiHi<(1  soint-  s(ri)Mif  ^^'illialll  (iiiNcclon  ;  I  ^nvo 
Mr.  OaMct'lon  •¥•  per  acic  foi'  I, Odd  ancs,  .lainiaiy  It,  iHiT. 

(.,>.  Wlifi't^  Wfi't' tli*'Mi>  laiiilN  lorali'il :  in  what  county,' — \.  I  su|t|Misi>  llioni  to  Iti*  iu 
Cass  Ciuitity,  ami  u|ion    .MissiHsi|i|ti  au<l  its  triluitaiii's,     I  liavr  hccu  souic  of  tluMu  iu 

|M'ISOU. 

</.  Wluit  was  tin"  ijuality  of  tlu' lamis  tlial  you  saw  .' -  .\.  I  Hluiuld  say  the  hnuN 
wri'ii  of  (loor  ijiuility,  ami  tlir  tiuilirr  fair  avcia^r  <|uality  for  tinilicr-lumlH  iu  lliat 
virimty. 

*}.   l>o  you  Know  of  any  salrH  of  sucli  landN  witliin  tlio  past  ynir  ? — A.   I  do  not. 

In  addition  to  tlir  aliovc,  1  also  cliiini  in  rouiiiioii  w  illi  W'lii.  Wiudoiii,  Win.  ■'<<.  Kin^.  iiiid 
('.  I>.  UaviKon,  (tlit>  latti'i-  now  dcccasi'd,)  an  intiTcst  in  alioiit.  t.tidd  uci'i'h  of  land  iim  dr- 


Ncrilicd  and  si'l  forth  iu  sclii'diilo  niarkt'd 


lici'ctoattaclii'd. 


(/.  Of  wlioiu  and  when  did  you  |uiri-liaN(>  tlit>  ci'rfiticatt'K  upon  \vlii<^li  tlumo  IociiUoiih 
wt'io  imulf?"  A.  I  niiiiiol  state,  liiif  ])i'ol>aldy  from  saino  party  ni<-ntiiUK><l  iibovt'.  'I'lm 
same  answer  }>iven  aliove  as  to  price  will  apply  to  these.  'I'lie  <'ertilieates  were  purchiiNed 
prior  to  April,  |H7d,  when  the  locations  were  luiide.  It  is  possilde  thaf  some  of  tliecer- 
tilicates  were  furnished  liy  some  of  the  other  parties  interested  with  ine,  I  have  l>e<>n 
in  the  Itahit  of  pnrehasiu;r  this  scrip  for  the  last  doxeii  yeai'N  iiioro  or  Iohh,  but  iilwayH 
to  enter  lands  with.     Ittm't  think  I  ever  sold  a  piece  of  .scrip. 

(/.  Who  seleeteil  thfse  locations  ?— A.  Mr.  K.  S.  Mall,  .Mr.  ( >.  II.  (iorrison,  iind  Win.  II. 
'rownseud  ;  perha|is others — Win.  Itarrows,  Mr.  'rownscnd  hasselccled  iiiore  tliiin  aii.y 
«ither  one. 

(.).  I>oyou  re;;ar<l  these  lands  as  lii'st-class  tiinlier  lands  ? — A.  (Ninld  not  say  tirst- 
(dass,  hut'  as  ^ood  avera^t^  pine-lands  for  this  country.  No  liinlx-r  has  Ihm'ii  cut  on  uiiy 
of  our  lands  above  lueiitituied  that    I  am  aware  of. 

</.  State  the  interest  each  of  the  parties  have  in  the  lauds  last  described. — .\,  My 
interest  isonc-fonith,  and  my  inipression  is  that  (hi< other  parties eiudi  had  iione-fourtii 
interest. 

(./.  When  wasyoiir  attention  lirst  called  to  this  scrip,  and  by  whom  f — A.  I  cannot 
jjive  the  <'xa(!t  time  ;   I  slumld  say  from  twelve  to  tifleeii  years  tiffo,  nior<«  or  less. 

C)>.  I)o  y  .11  renieinber  the  iimoiiiil  of  your  lirst  purchase  and  of  whom  it  whs  iiiadeT — 
A.   I  do  not  rcnieniber. 

(/.  l)o  you  reiuember  what  in<|iiiry  y(ui  made  in  re^;ar(l  to  its  characler  before  mak- 
ing; any  puitdiase  '! — A.   I  do  not. 

().  I>o  ymi  mean  to  say  that  you  invcslcil  in  these  ccrtilicates  without  making  iiny 
in<|uiry  ? — A.  .\o,  sir;  I  do  not  know  whether  I  made  any  iu<|uiiy  or  not. 

<.).  If  yon  have  any  impression  or  recollection  mi  the  siibjeel,  ymi  will  save  time  by 
tt'llin;;    just  what  that  reeollectioii  is. — A,  1   luive  no  particular  recolle(rtion  in  re;i;aid 

to  It. 

(.).  Whether  your  recollection  is  particular  or  ;;eiieral,  we  shall  be  ohli;;ed  to  you  for 
fiiviiijj  US  what  it  is. — A.  I  have  licit lier  ^jeiieral  nor  particular  rectillctlion  in  rcKaril 
to  it :   I  bought  it  as  an  article  of  niercliamli.se. 

((>.  Have  all  ,v<ini°  business  transiK'tioiis  of  tlii^  last  twelve  years  passed  out  of  your 
mind  at*  this  answer  would  indicat(^  these  IransacMioiiS  have 


A. 


(,>.  I'id  you  ever  hav<' any  conver.satioii  in  I'efereuce  to  the  characti^r  of  these  ccr- 
tilicates with  Senator  K'ice  *~\.  1  have  no  recollection  at  this  moment  that  I  have.  It 
is  very  possible  I  may  have  had;  no  spucitii^  rucollection.  Viui  may  luhl  that  1  have, 
at  this  imniieiit,  no  n-collection. 

(.}.  Wert\voii  a(!(|uaiiited  with  Mr.  Win.  I'.  Dole? — A.  No,  sir,  1  may  havo  n>ot,  hut 


utance;  don't  know  that  I  have  met  him. 


Have  no  aci|iiai 

Q.  I  Mil  yon  ever  read  tht)  treaty  under  which  these  certilicates  were  issiu^d,  or  that 
liiirlion  of  it  ndatintf  to  the  lands  to  which  the,  ('hippewa  half-breeds  were  entitled  f — 
A.  1  do  not  know  that  lever  did  ;  yet  1  may  have  done  so.  i  have  not  thu  leitMt  recol- 
lect iini. 

(,>.  What  is  your  best  impression  as  lo  whether  you  <n-er  did  or  not  ?— A.  My  best 
impression  is  that  I  have  not  the  least  recollection  of  ever  referriuff  to  it. 

C,>.  Would  the  valiKMif  these  certilicates  depemi,  in  any  dej^ree,  upim  the<|uantity 
that  was  aulhori/.ed  to  bti  issued  .' — \.  I  can  <uily  j;ive  you  my  opiniiui  in  re;;ar<l  to  it, 
if  that  is  what  yon  tisk.  My  opiuiiui  is  that  it  would  have  sonielhin;;  tu  du  with  the 
value. 

(.).  You  beiiijj  a  larjje  purchasi^',  tluMi  I  siijipose  you  made  imiiiiry  in  re;;ar(l  to  the 
amount  autliori/,ed  to  be  issiUMl  ?— A.  In  the  lirst  ]dace  1  do  not  think  I  have  been  a 
lar^e  |iurchaser;  and  in  the  second  plac*;  1  am  not  aware  that  I  over  asked  iih  to  thu 
<inantity  issued  or  that  I  ever  knew  tlii!  i|iiautity  issued. 

(.).  Did  you  have  any  knowledge  or  information  as  to  who  wore  entitled  to  tlieso  C(!r- 
titicati's  f-^A.  I  supposed  the  half-breeds  to  whom  they  were  issued  were  entitled  to 
the  certiticatcs. 

<.^  What  description  of  half-breeds  did  you  understand  were  entitled  to  thesi;  cer- 
tilicates ? — A.  1  have  no  knowledge  excL'pt  as  I  have  .seen  the  name  and  scrip  that  was 
issued. 


'"■»  fir 

f'     »■.     I 


«" ,.''«,  j. 


■  (. 


286 


CHIPPEWA    HALF-HRKEDS   OF    LAKE    SUPERIOR. 


il.  Did  tho  ccrtiticatos  tliiit  wore  is8ue«l  state  tliat  tlie  pciNoii  to  whom  they  weiv 
iHHiU'tl  was  a  lialf-liri-i'd;  and,  it'  so,  wiial  sort  of  ii,  lialf-ljiwd  f— A.  I  can  better  nii- 
swer  that  by  rofeniiiR  to  a  certiticat*)  whicii  I  have  here.  I  do  not  know  any  diHir- 
cnco  in  Chippewa  halt-breeds. 

(^.  Did  you  ever  h'arn  or  did  yon  ever  iiu|nire  what  number  of  half-breeds  were  en- 
titled to  these  certiticates  f— A.  I  do  not  think  so  ;  am  not  aware  that  I  ever  made  the 
inquiry  or  that  I  ever  know  from  any  source. 

Q.  Did  you  know,  by  information  or  otherwise,  that  tho  issuing  of  this  scrip  was 
8us[iende<l  at  any  time,  and  afterward,  by  new  construction  given  to  the  terms  of  the 
treaty,  there  was  n  new  issue  ? — A.  I  have  no  recollection  of  it. 

Q.  Thi.s  certilicate  that  you  have  referred  to  contains  the  clause  of  the  treaty  dc 
scriliiuK  what  class  of  persons  was  (entitled  to  lands  under  the  treaty  referred  to.'  Do 
you  mean  to  say  that  yon  had  not  read  or  that  yon  were  not  perfectly  fanuliar  with 
that  portion  of  this  certiticate  ? — A.  I  do  not  mean  to  say  that  I  have  not  re.nl  it. 
but  that  I  am  not  p«'rfectly  familiar  with  it. 

Q.  This  certilicate  also  gives  the  date  of  tho  treaty  securing  to  each  head  of  a  fmn- 
ily  of  mixed  blood  over  twenty-one  years  of  age,  eighty  acres  of  land,  as  being  Se]i. 
tendter  ISO,  1M.")4.  Did  it  never  occur  to  you  as  remarkable  that  the  claims  of  tlnne 
persons  had  not  been  satislied  before  the  dates  of  your  purchase  ? — A.  No,  sir. 

(/.  Did  you  ever  hear  of  any  change  or  changes  in  the  construction  of  this  elanse  of 
the  treaty  by  the  DepartnuMit  at  Washington  at  any  time;  and  if  so,  when  i—\.  I 
Lave  no  recollection  of  hearing  of  any  change. 

ij.  According  to  the  best  of  your  recollection,  when  did  you  first  know  or  hear  of 
the  existence  of  certiticates  of  this  character  .' — A.  I  should  sav  tifteen  years,  more  or 
less. 

i}.  Where  were  yo>i  living  in  Si'ptember,  l^.'il  ! —\.  Uangor,  Me. 

(/.  When  did  you  move  to  Minnesota  .' — A.  November,  l.';'.")4.  I  siieiit  some  pail  of 
the  years  l."^."):>  and  lt».")4  in  this  State  ami  Wisconsin.  My  fandly  came  to  .Saint  I'anl 
in  Novend)er,  hS">4. 

(}.  Where  have  you  resided  since  ? — A.  Since  the  spring  or  sunnner  of  1.^.")  I  liavc 
resided  within  what  are  now  the  corjiorate  limits  of  the  city  of  Minneapolis. 

Q.  Can  you  state  whether,  witliin  the  years  l.-<."i.">,  '.■')l),  or  ';')7,  you  learned,  by  report 
or  otherwise,  of  Chippewa  liaJf-breeds  of  Lake  Superior  being  entitled  to  cei'tilicati'> 
of  this  cliaraeter,  or  to  land  .-is  therein  siiecitied  i'— A.  I  have  no  specilie  or  general 
knowledge  about  it,  and  yet  it  is  very  likely  that  I  heard  of  this  scrip  during  tlioe 
years. 

i).  Previous  to  the  year  l-^tiO  what  business  were  you  engaged  in  ? — A.  I  conuneiieeil 
to  manufacture  hnnber  in  Saint  Anthony  in  the  sjuing  of  l-T).'),  and  continneil  in  tliese 
mills  until  Septemlter,  I'Ti".  During  the  I'oliowing  tliree  years  I  was  engaged  in  cut- 
ting logs  and  manufacturing  lumber,  and  continued  in  tliis  business  until  tlie  spring 
of  l-'tH. 

i}.  What  part  of  the  State  did  the  logs  come  from  which  you  were  manufacturing 
into  lumber? — A.  Plainly  from  Kam  River  and  vicinity. 

(j.  Is  this  l)usiness  carried  on  by  you,  or  by  anybody  in  your  interest,  at  the  i)resenl 
time  ? — A.  I  have  turned  the  business  over  to  my  boys,  and  they  are  carrying  it  on  in 
their  own  name  ami  for  their  own  benefit. 

Q.  Up  to  Ir'tio  what  other  business,  if  any,  were  you  engaged  in  ? — A.  I  was  mer- 
chandising in  a  store  in  Saint  Antliony  from  about  18.')(i  to  18.')'.)  or  l'ii]0. 

(.).  Did  you,  during  that  period,  have  any  trade  with  the  chiefs,  Indians,  or  halt- 
breeds  of  Lake  Sujierior  ! — A.  I  do  not  know  that  1  had,  but  was  often  in  the  store,  and 
Iiulians  may  have  come  in  to  make  some  purchases. 

Q.  It  is  provided  in  these  certiticates  that  they  are  not  assignable,  and  that  tht^  Gov- 
ernment will  not  recognize  any  sale  or  transfer,  or  pledge  of  tiie  same,  or  any  right  a(  - 
criung  un<ler  it,  and  tiiat  the  object  of  the  certilicate  is  to  identify  the  person  as  one  of 
those  entitled  to  the  benelit  of  the  seventh  clause,  the  secoml  article  of  the  treaty.  In 
view  of  this,  how  did  yoti  expect  to  make  the  certilicate  available  to  you  as  a  pur- 
chaser I — A.  15y  acconii)anying  with  the  certilicate  the  power  of  attorney  from  tiir 
l)arty  to  whom  the  certilicate  was  issued. 

Q.  Why  did  you  expect  that  that  would  accomi)lish  the  purpose  ? — A.  Because  I 
understood  the  Department  luul  received  it  as  a  rule  in  practice  accompanying  this 
scrip. 

Q.  How,  and  from  whom,  did  you  understand  that  ?— A.  It  was  a  general  impres- 
sion ;  1  can't  say  from  whom  I  received  it. 

(.}.  At,  or  previous  to  Miirch,  1871,  had  you  any  knowledge,  or  any  opinion  as  to  tlie 
amounts  of  these  certiticates  that  had  been  issued  or  purchased? — A.  I  do  not  know 
that  I  had  any  knowledge  upon  the  subject.  I  have  no  recollection  that  this  <iuestion 
came  to  my  nnnd  at  all  as  a  matter  of  iucpury. 

({.  I  supposed  that  you  invested  in  these  certificates  for  the  purpose  of  locating  them 
on  pine-lands,  and  supposed  that  they  gave  you  the  right  to  make  the  locations  in  ad- 


CIlIPrEVVA    HALF-IJKKEIJS    OF    LAKE    SITEUIOR. 


287 


c  inaniifactminj; 


? — A.  I  was  nit'i- 


general  iiiipios- 


vttiire  of  tilt'  Hiirvi'v. — A.  Tlicy  wjMt'  pnrcliased  with  tlint  idea,  that  tlioy  could  lio 
located  in>oii  piiif-iaiids,  tliat  wen-  not  yot  siuvcyt'd,  ifdi'Mircd. 

I/.  In  fonsidciinj;  tin;  value  of  these  eeitilicates  and  of  your  imrchasos,  did  you  never 
inijuire  or  did  yon  never  think  in  your  own  mind  how  nniny  otlu-r  persons  were  en- 
titled to  loeate  in  advance  of  tlie  survey  as  well  as  yourself  ? — A.  Of  course  1  kiunv  that 
otlu;r  parties  had  the  same  ri^iit  to  iocatt;  with  scrij)  that  I  Intd.  lint  I  liadno  i<iu)wl- 
eilge  as  to  exact  luimhers.  I  knew  or  su|>j)osed  I  knew  within  a  certain  ranjje,  for  in- 
Htance,  that  there  could  not  lie  ten  million  acres  luirchased  in  this  way. 

Q.  Did  yon  not  know  or  believe  from  rumor,  at  or  before  March,  l"^7l,  that  the  jjreat 
niajorily  of  these  certilicates  were  in  the  hands  of  a  very  ft^w  persons  ? — A.  I  think  it 
was  understood  that  they  were  in  the  hands  of  com))aratively  few. 

Q.  Was  it  not  also  understood  that  tin'  purchases  during  tiie  \viiolt>  period  had  been 
limited  to  comparatively  few  individuals  '! — A.  Not  so  few  as  since  March,  It'll. 

(i.  Did  y(Ui  know  previous  to  that  time  of  ]iurchas(ts  being  made  by  any  parties,  ex- 
cept by  persons  engaged  in  lumber  about  Minneiipolis  or  Saint  Paul  ? — A.  Yes,  idr  ;  I 
knew  from  what  otliers  said,  tliat  tlu'y  ha<l  purchased  from  Thom]isons,  bankers,  in 
Saint  I'aul,  ami  from  other  persons  who  were  tlealing  in  the  scrip  and  were  not  en- 
gaged in  lumbering.  1  have  myself  purchased  from  the  Tliomiisons  and  from  others 
who  were  not  in  the  lumber  trade.  Previous  to  l"'7(i  these  certilicates  were  an  article 
of  nu-rchaudise,  and  have  been  more  or  less  since. 

Q.  l)o  yon  know  of  their  being  imrebased  with  a  view  to  be  located  or  used  by  any 
parties  at  any  tiuu'.  excci)t  by  persons  inttMoted  in  lumber  about  Saint  Paul  or  Min- 
neapolis .' — A.  1  have  lieaid  that  puichases  have  been  made  for  other  jinrposes  than 
that  of  lumbering. 

(/.  Will  you  state  whether  the  gentlemen  interested  with  yon  in  certilicates  and 
lands  located  under  them,  as  you  have  .stated  above,  liceann-  so  inteiested  at  your 
solicitation  .' — A.  I  luesnme  they  did  or  some  of  them,  as  I  made  the  suggestion  to  Mr. 
Windom  and  also  to  Mr.  King. 

(,>.  Do  you  remember  what  reason  yon  nientioiied  to  them,  if  any,  why  you  sujiposed 
the  investment  would  be  a  good  one  .' — A    1  do  imt. 

(/.  Can  you  give  the  substance  of  tlie  comersntion  you  had  \\ith  them  about  it  ? — 
A.  1  cannot. 

(.)..  How  is  it  that  you  remember  that  they  became  interested  upon  your  solicitation 
or  suggestion,  if  you  don"t  lenieuilier  anythiii;;  or  the  .substance  of  anything  that  was 
said  by  y<ui  or  by  them  ? — A.  I  sMp])iPse  I  have  a  general  idea  of  the  reasons  I  gave 
them  at  the  time,  that  there  wa>  money  in  the  lands,  but  as  to  the  specitic  words  which 
1  used,  1  cannot  tell. 

(■i.  You  \\;ill  obser\ f  that  I  don't  ask  for  .sjiecilic  words,  but  distinctly  whether  you 
have  any  I'ecolleetion  ol'  the  substance  of  what  was  said  .'— .V.  My  reeollectiou  would 
be.  that  I  said  to  those  giMitleinen.  there  is  .some  land  to  enter,  I  think  there  is  some 
money  in  thiMU.  That  is  tin'  substance.  I  pidliably  conveyed  the  idea  to  them  that 
the  lands  were  worth  more  than  the  money  ir  would  cost  to  enter  them.  I  cannot  tell 
when  this  was  without  reference  to  papers  in  my  ollice,  but  I  think  it  was  in  the  .sum- 
mer of  l-'TO. 

(-i.  Have  y(ni  any  recollection  as  to  the  snb.stance  of  what  aither  of  those  ■_  iitletneu 
said  in  reference  to  those  certilicates,  or  whether  they  said  anything  as  to  thei"  char- 
acter or  value  .' — A.  I  have  not  any  rt!Collt!ction. 

Q.  Do  you  remeuiber  of  ever  having  any  conver.satiiui  with  either  of  those  gentle- 
men before  March,  1^71.  with  reference  to  the  character  or  value  of  those  certihcates  .' 
— A.  No,  sir. 

i).  What  is  your  best  recollection  as  to  whether  you  ircr  had  such  conversation  or 
not .' — A.  Do  not  think  1  era'  had  any. 

Q.  What  reason  had  you  for  suggesting  to  your  associat<!S  to  Join  yon  in  this  specn- 
atiou  .' — A.  1  suppose  I  had   not  Hurticieiit    luoucy  at  that  time  which  I  cared   to  in- 


1 
vest. 


snppi 

il.  What  dit^erence  did  it  make  wliether  you  should  have  one  thousand  acres  your  in 
own  right,  or  a  one-fourth  interest  in  four  thousand  acres  .' — A.  So  far  as  the  profits 
would  be  concerned,  it  would  not  make  any  ditb'reuce  that  I  am  awari.'  of. 

Q.  Then  what  was  the  advantagi!  of  a  joint  interest,  then  ! — A.  I  very  often  do 
things  for  my  freiuds  that  I  should  not  for  my  (enemies. 

(^  Was  the  fact  that  Mr.  Davison  was  the  snrveytu'-geueral  of  Minnesota  a  reason 
why  you  desired  he  should  be  associateil  w  ith  you  .' — A.  1  have  not  at  any  time  said 
that  I  desired  him  to  be  associated  with  me.  and  do  not  tiiink  I  ever  made  the  re(iuest 
of  him  to  he  associated  with  me. 

C,>.  Do  you  mean  to  say  that  he  liecame  associated  with  you  without  your  desiring 
it  ' — A.  I  do  mean  to  say  so. 

Q.  How  could  a  man  become  .associated  with  you  w  ithout  your  desiring  it  ? — A.  I 
understand  you  to  ask  whether  1  solicited  it. 

Q.  Was  not  the  fact  that  Mr.  Davison  was  surveyor  the  reason  why  ho  was  taken 


I':  'i'^ 
'••■  '>' 


'» ■  *'  i 
,ixi,.i.i- 


:•.;> 


28S 


t'lIiri'KWA    IIAI.K-llKKr.liS    OV    I.AKK    si  I'KKKHt. 


nt<»  |lii<  M|ii>iiil:iiii>n  .'  —  A,  1  lliink  llii>  UiiiuvIimI^i' 
'I'lu'  I'lU't  lliiil  ho  was  siirvt'vor  was  not  tin'  roasm 


li  I  I  III  iMiii'l  III  It  was  III,'  I, 


I/,  Art'  voii  williii);  III  Nwcar  llial  llu'  I'arl  lliat  lie  wan  shin  i'.\oi'-K«"iU'riil  lur  tlicSi.ii, 


iol' Miiiiii'Niita  at   tliat    liiiii>liail   iio  iiilliiciiri'   ii|iiiii    \iiiii'  in 


IikI, 


III    m  iwclllillj;    tliiil     ii, 


nIiihiIiI  lii>fiMiii>  iiilcK'Nlcil  ill  till'  Npi'i'iilaliDii  .'     A.   I  tlnnk  1  liavr  aiiNWrii'il  ilmi  m  ||,, 
tdi'iiiiT  i|iii>.-«tiiiiM, 

()>.  ^  nil  lia\  i>  si  al  I'll,  in  aiiswiT  In  llir  rmiiirr  i|iii'>l  inn.  Iliat  llii>  I'lii't  nl'  Ins  luin:;  >iir 
M-vnr-gi'iirial  was  Mill  llii<  ii'asnii,  Itiil  tlii>  Knnw  li'ili;i'  lir  liail  in  piiii'  laiuls  was  tin 
li'llNiili,      Mv  illlrsliiill  now   is,  wllcllirr  Mill  air  nmIIiii^    In  swrar    tlllll    llir  I'arl    tlial    In 


WHS  siM'vi'MM-  ni'iit'iiil  of  Minnrsntii  liiiil  iin  inlliu'iirc  niinii  vniir  iiiiiiil  in  allow  iii;^  I 
III  lii>  rnillirrtril  ill  tin-  slu'i'lllill  ion  .' --.\.  'I'lu'  lart  ol  Ins  liriiij;  Mirv  ryor  ^I'ln-r^il  \\-i,\ 
iiotliiii^  III  (111  w  itii  it,  lull  till' liK't  ol°  liis  Unowlril^i'  in  |iinr-liiiiils  lia<l  soniciiiiiij;  lo 
ilo  with  it,  or  wniilil  Ito  liki'l,\   to  liiivr  soiiii'tliiiiL;  |o  ilo  willi  it 


(.|).  Ilon'l  .villi   Uiiiiw  lliiil    tlioii>{li   III' was  sinvi'Voi '^i-iii'ial,  llial    In' iiiaili' no  ^.n 


liiniMi'lt'or  aiiv  III' till' lanils  ilial    von  woiilil    l<i'  liKrlv  to  cnirr 


mil'  li 


II'  iiiaili'  no  siirvi'_\s  in  iutkoii. 


A.  I  ilo  not,  lull  |i 


r\i'\ 


i}.  How  iliil  ,voii  Know  tlllll  III'  liiiil  any  Know  li'ili;i'  of  tlio  rliarai'lrr  ol'  tlir  lainls  ymi 
ili'.si It'll  to  I'liti'i' .' — A.  I  pi'i'siiiiii'  III'  lolil  iiic  .so,  lii'siili'K  Know  in^  that  lu'  w as  in  a  imim- 
lion  to  liavc  kiiowUilp'  that  I  liinl  not. 

(.(>.  |)iil  not  it  ori'iir  to  yon  al  tlir  tinii'tlial  thiTi' w iis  a  nianil'i'st  iiii|iro|irii'l\  in  a 
Mirvi'voi'-^i'iu'riil  h.'iiij;  inli'ii'sliil  in  siu'h  a  s|ii'iiilatiiin  .'  -.\.  Not  lor  oin'  nionii'iil. 

((>.  bill  till'  olhriiil  )iositioii  ol'i'illirr  of  tlir  oIIiit  K;rntli'iiirii  liiivi'  any  inlliiriu'i'  i:|iiiii 
yoiii' iiiiiul  ill  iti'sirin^  a  roiiiirrlioii  with  llii'in  in  this  s|ii'i'iilalioti  ,' -A.  Not  inr  oik' 
nionii'iit.     Mr.  Winiloni  was  not  tlii-ii  Imlilin^;'  any  ollirial  |iosiiioii. 

(,'.  Ilavi' yon  any  roroUi'i'tioii  of  iiiii'rhasiii^  any  ol'  llii>  si'ii|i  that  w-as  I'alliil  tin- 
•tJilluTt  si'iiii  f" — A.  Havi'  iiol,  ami  iirviT  hiaiil  ol'  any  ilistiiirtioii  until  I  w.is  m 
^Va^t|lilll;toll  last  wiiitiT. 

Hy  1>.  Kino: 

l,>.  Has  llnro  lui'ii  any  iiu'ii'aso  in 
o])inioii,  vi'iy  liii'^;i'  iiirii'ii.sr, 

(().  Have  yon  any  liirthiT  staU'iiii'iit 


till'  valiii'  ol'  pini'-Iaiiil 
wliirli   von  ili'siro  to  iiiak 


nialtiT  iiiiili'r 


sinro  lH'>."(f— A.  Ill  iii> 
in  ri'l'i'ii'iiri'  to  this 


A.  1  a.sk  iii'i'inission  to  lay  hi'l'ori<  tlir  (■oiiiinission  a  slali 


iiiciit  wliicli  will,  ill  a  coiirisi'  ami  conui'i'ti'il  wav,  show   iiiv  roiiiii'rtioii  \v 


lilli  t 


laiisar' 


lions  ill  tlii'-f  I'l'i'tilii'iitrs,     1  ili'sii'i'  also  In  ailil  now  that  I  pni'i'liasnl  thi'sc  ri-rliliralrs 
ill  ciitii'i' ^ootl  t'ailli,  ami    that  I    havo  ^I'ivi'ii  as  lull   answiTs  to  your  i|iii'stiiiiis  as  my 


ri'roUrrtioiiH  woiilil  I'liahli'  im- ;  iiiv  hiisiii 


ilniinu  till'  linn 


■nil  1 


ty  voni't'xaiiiiiia- 


liiMi  lii'iii)r  vi'iy  lar;;i',  .so  thai  1  I'onlil  not  rrnii'iiilii'r  all  ili'lails,  this  lu-in^  a  vt'iy  small 


inalti'r  in  roniu'i'iioii  with  iiiv  ni'iioral  linsiiii'ss 


1).  MoKMnSDN. 


No.  :>. 

lliNliY  '!".  Wi-i  i.i:s,  of  Miimoaiuilis,  lioiiij;  hy  nu'  (list  iliily  alliniii'il,  ikposcs  as  Iol 
lows,  to  wil  : 

1  ri'siili'  ill  Minni'a)io1is  ;  my  a^i' i.s  lifly-oiii>  years;  am  a  ilcaliT  in  real  I'statr.  1 
riaim  to  lie  iiitrrostcil  in  ri'rtilirati'.s  issiinl  to  l'lii|>|irwa  hall'-lni'i'ils  of  l.aki'  Sniirrinr. 
and  laiiils  localrtl  nnili'i'  thi'iii,  as  follows,  as  niiinhri'ril  ami  si't  I'orih  in  Srhi'ilnli'  ('. 
hci'oiiiilo  altat'lu'il ;  tlii>  iininln'is  in  this  list  lu'ln-;-  ilio  last  si'iirs  of  snip  or  ooriilicati's 
issiii'il.     'riicri' aiv  iiiiu'tt'i'ii  pioi'i's  of  whirli  1  am  tlu'ownor. 

i.}.  Whi'ii,  how,  ami  of  w  lioiii  iliil  you  procuro  llu'iii  ,'— A.  1  lM)Uj;)it  tlu'in  prior  to 
March,  l.**7li.  I  cannot  now  li'll  of  whom  I  lioii«>lil  ihoso  particular  pieces.  1  li.ivc 
liou<;ht  a  ^ooil  ileal  of  this  scrip,  lirst  ami  last.  I  think  1  lion^ht  most  of  these  pieces 
of  N.  W.  Kitsoii  ami  1'.  Itottiiieaii.  I  htale  jicnerally,  now.  that  all  Chippewa  scrip 
lioii^fht  or  claimeil  hy  me,  except  a  few  s.'atleriiifj  iiieces,  1  lioii;;lit  in  .Saint  I'aiikol 
Horace  'riiompson.  .loliu  S.  rriiico,  N.  W.  Kilson,  ami  Isaac  Nan  I'.ttaii.  1  piircliasnl 
them  with  nioiiey. 

Q.  Have  you  no  memoramliim  or  eiilries  that  will  show  from  whom,  when,  aiiil  :il 
what  price  you  purchased  all  your  wcrip  ? — \.  I  think  I  have  a  inemorandiim  of  the 
time.  1  think  the  avera^ie  price  of  all  the  Chippewa  scrip  I  have  piirchascil  has  hccii 
about  i?'J  per  acre.  For  some  1  have  juiid  !*'.•. .'id  and  A:t.  and  some  upward  of  si!  per 
acre.     1  have  liou>;ht  some  as  low  as  Al  mid  .si. 'JO  per  acre. 

(i.  Have  you  not  memiManda  that  will  show  the  (irice  and  date  and  i|uaiitity  pm 
chased  from  each  individual  .'— .\.  1  don't  think  1  have  of  all  the  piirchases. 

<.i>.  Havo  you  not  a  memorandum  that  will  show  these  particulars  of  mus/ of  the  pui- 
clia.ses  you  have  made  .' — \,  I  cannot  tell  without  looking;. 

if.  Can  you  fjive  the  ilate  of  the  lir.si  I'ousiilciahle  purchase  you  made  ,'— A.  1  caii- 
uot  without  examiiiatiou. 


cmriM.WA  II  vij'-iiur.r.ns  or  laki;  sii'kimou. 


•J8!) 


Ii'lill  lui   111.'  S|,ili> 

l!«'lltillK      lIlDl      llO 

vM'Iril  tlijil   III  (III' 

I  111'  Ills  liiilii;  sill 
III'  lailiU  \>  lis  (III' 
IIk'  r:lrl  Dial  Ik' 
I  ill  llllow  ill;;;  liliii 
.t'ytil'^rlH'ial  hail 
liad  .siiiiictliiii^  III 

l>  lllailc  llll  ^.|ll  \  i'\ 

I  llll  iiol,  linl  |iii' 

r  III'  llll'  laiiils  \iiii 
III"  \va^  in  a  poM- 

iin)irii)trii't,N  in  a 
'  Dill'  iiiniiii'iit. 
Il\  illllilriirr  i:|)ii|i 
— A.  Niil   iiir  iHir 

ill   was  ralliil  llio 
III  until    I  was  ill 


IfTMr-A.  In  iMV 

rt'ri'lrnri'  III  ill  is 
ininiissiiiii  a  stnlr- 
lion  Willi  iraiisai'- 

tlii'si"  t'l'i'liliralis 
r  i|iii'stioiis  as  my 

liy  yiiiir  I'saiiiiiia- 
u'in;i  a  vi'iy  small 

1».  MOKKISON. 


il,  (Irimsi's    as    I'l'l- 

II  iral  I'statr.  I 
il'  l.aki'  SinH'iiin. 
li  in  Si'ln-ilnli'  I', 
lip  or  oi'iiilii'alrs 

lit  tlii'in  piior  III 
r  pii'ci's.  I  li.'U  I' 
Nt  of  tlii'si'  piri'i's 
Chippi'wa  snip 
in  'Siiiiii  Tanl.  ol 
an.     1  pnri'liascd 

III),  wlii'ii,  anil  III 
nioranilnni  ol'  tlu' 
in'lia.st'il  lias  lu'iii 
ijiwanl  of  ?i:>  pii' 


iiinl(<  !—\.  I  laii- 


(/.  Can  yon  jrivi-  tin*  yiai  f  -A.  In  l-'ili'i  or  jsCi*,  to  tlir  lust  of  my  ri'colli  rtinii.  It 
Wilis  inailiMtf  llorari' 'riionipsoii,  pii'siilmi  of  I'lisl  Nalional  ItaiiU  of  Saint  rani. 

i).  IMil  yon  know  t'loni  whom  lii<  pioriiiril  il  .'  -  A.   I  ilnl  mil. 

(./.  What  liii|nlry,  if  any,  iIhI  yon  maUi'  in  ii'^^anl  to  thi' rliaiiirtiT  of  IIu'mi'  ri'itill- 
i-iilt>N,  iiiiil  till'  iinthoiitv  nmlri  w  hirli  thry  wi'ir  issiinl  .'  A.  I  iiiinli'  no  ini|iiiiy  at  Iho 
tilllo.  1  saw  on  tllr  tiici'  o|  Ihr  rrilirirali's  that  tllrv  Wi'l'e  issiinl  Ity  llii-  riiitiii 
Stati'M. 

i}.  Can  yon  uivo  any  est  i  ma  I  o  of  l  In-  nn  in  I  it  of  thrs rtilliiiti's  that  yon  havi-  pnr- 

rliaiHcil  altoKctlii'i' •'  -  A,   I   piiirli:isi'il  on  niy   own  acroniil,  anil  on  Joint  arronnt    with 
olhi'i's,  iiH  many  as  IHin. 

(/.  Von  .say  yon  naw  on  tin'  fan'  of  Ihr  ri'itilirati's  that  tliry  wi'ri>  issni'il  li\  llio 
I'liiti'il  Stairs.  I>iil  yon  not  also  sit  ihiil  Ihry  wrrr  not  assi^nalili',  ami  tin'  nali'iit 
I'oiiUt  only  III'  JNsnril  to  lhi>  prrson  nainril  in  thr  ri'ililirati',  or  Ins  hi'ii'N  f-  A.   I  iliil. 

(■).  How  tinl  yon  *'\pi'rt  to  niako  Ihrin  a\  ailiililr  to  you  ,'  .V.  I'lacli  ci'rtillratr  wan 
aci'oinpanii'il  nitli  a  powi-r  ot' altornry  to  locati',  ami  a  pnwi'r  to  ncII  after  loralion, 
Ity  virtiii'  of  tlii'si'  powriH  I  i'\pi>i'ti'il  or  iiitcmlril  lhat<  I,  or  Ihr  prrson  who  nil);lil  Iniy 
tlii'in  of  inc,  HJionlil  Incalo  tlii'  srrip  anil  Ihi'ii  pi'ii'iTt  tltli>  to  Ihi'  liinil. 

(/.  Pill  yon  not  know  that  thr  valiility  of  yonr  litlr  mnsi,  in  any  rasr,  ilrprml  npiiii 
llin  i|n('Nlioii  whrthrr  till'  prrson   nanii'il  in  Ihr  rrrtilirntr  hail  rrally  Hi^nnl  thr  powrr 
iif  iitloriiry  or  iitlrmpti'il   to  makr  a   iraiisfrr  or  anthori/.r  onr  :*  — .\,  I  i  id  ;  ami  it  ilr 
pi'iuli'il  fnrtlitT  upon  wln-tlur  tlio  piTMin  niiiiii'il  woiilil  iniikr  fnrtlin  iisxiiranrr  ol  tillr 
if  rri|uin<<l. 

t/.  W'ri'c  thr  prrsons  niiinril  in  thr  powrrn  of  nttornry  atlarliril  to  tlir  I'rrtiliratrH 
yon  pnrrhaNril  an  attornrys  to  makr  roiiNryimns  ami  lorn  lions  known  to  yon  .'  -,\.  Tlio 
powri'H  of  attiiriiry  wrrr  rsri'iilril  in  lilank  usually.  In  sonir  rasrs  thr  iiaiiii'H  of  tho 
a^ttoi'iiry  wrrr  wrlttrii  in,  ami  in  siirh  i'asr,s  thr  nainr  of  Ihr  iitlornry  waH  iisiially 
known  to  nir, 

i).  I>iil  yon  NiippoNi'  that  thr  powrr  of  altornry,  w  hrir  thr  altornry  in  fai'f  was  not, 
inunril  in  llitt  iimtrninrnt,  was  valiil  '—A.  I  snppn.snl  that  thr  power  to  lllcat(^  was  Hiif- 
lieiriitly  valiil  for  tlir  piirposr  of  lortitioii. 

(j.  l>iil  yon  Miippo.se  that  a  powrr  of  altornry,  rxrrntril  nmirr  seiil,  ami  tlio  name  nf 
tlio  pei'Mon  eoiiNtitnteil  as  attorney  left  lilank.  that  aiiv  onr  eoiihl  till  Niirh  lilank  exrept 
the  Olio  who  hIhiu'iI  llie  power  of  at  lorney  .'— A.  I  ilnl,  niiilrr  eerlain  eireninNtanceN ; 
that  is  to  Nay,  it'  the  iierson  who  si^nril  Ihr  powrr  anlhori/.nl  the  prrson  to  whom  ho 
ilelivereil  it  to  llll  in  the  iiaiiir  of  thr  iiltornry,  I  siipposnl  siirh  authority  was  j^ivrn, 
(anil  so  int'orinril,)  rxprrs.sly  m'  Inipliril,  liy  all  thr  seriprrN  who  rxrrnteil  tlir.sr  powrrs 
of  attornry. 

(/.  'I'lirn  yon  sii|iposril  thai  Ihr  validity  of  llirsr  paprrs  would  lu<  uD'retrd  hy  tlir 
pioil  or  had  faith  with  wliirli  Ihry  wrrr  proniinl  ,'— ,V.  Snmrwhal,  lint  not  wholly. 

(/.  'I'hi'ii  how  do  yon  arronni  for  thr  far  I,  as  yon  slalnl  ahovr,  that  yon  iiiadr  no 
im|nir\  wlirii  yon  piirrhasnl  Ihr  rriiilicalrs  .'— .\.  I  nndrrsiooil  ihr  iinrslion  to  ri'fir  to 
till'  rhariirtrr  of  thr  snip.  .\s  to  ihr  rliararirr  of  Ihr  |iowrrs,  I  madr  rx  a  mi  mil  ion  losro 
lliiit  they  were  properly  w  itnes.sril,  sijrnrd,  and  arkiiowlrdj;ril,  and  in  eases  w  lirrr  I 
ilid  not  know  tlir  notary  piildie  w  ilnrssrs  1  nsnally  asked  the  i|iirstion  of  thr  srllrr  if 
lie  knew  the  ])ow'ers  wrrr  all  ri^lit  anil  what   tliey  purported  to  lie. 

(.).  Have  yon  any  rrrollrriion  as  to  win  re  llirsr  powrrs  of  altoriiry  pnrportrd  to  lie 
I'xeented  and  heforewhat  prrsons  ,'— .\.  I  liavr.  Ilrforr  1'.  llrDrrinan.  N.  I'.,  Saint  I'anl; 
Charles  Mor>i;aii,  N.  I'.,  Saint  I'anl ;  (JeiUfie  \V.  I'rrsrolt,  eirrk  Unitrd  Statrs  eoiiit, 
Saint  I'anl;  K'ohert  Kairlianks,  of  Crow  U'inj;;  .lolin  Min-niij,  Jr.,  of  Miiiiiiajinlix ; 
.lames  Chapman,  of  Itaytield,  Wis. ;   II.  .s.  Iionaldson,  of  I'emliina  Coiinty,  Minnesot 


Saiiinel  Slojin.  of  Saint  I'anl 


Folsome,  of  'I'avlor's  h'tills,  and  others  that  I  do  not 


rei'ollert.  All  the  aliove  parties  iianied  were  notaries  pnlilir,  exrrpt  («ror<^e  W,  I'res- 
eott.  I  should  think  more  wrr.>  ai'knowli'd;;'ed  lirfore  II.  S.  hmialilHon  than  any  other 
one. 

(/.  Hid  you  ro^'O'd  the  viiliie  of  the  certilieatrs  as  deiu'iidiiiK;  in  any  dr>;ieo  upon  tho 
amount  anthori/.rd  to  he  issiinl  i — .\.  1  did. 

(().  What  iiii|niry  did  you  makr  as  to  the  i|nantity  antliori/.ed  to  lie  Lssiird  1—\.  I  in- 
iliiiird  at  diU'eieut  tinirs  and  of  ilitlrrrnt  |irisoiis  how  many  wrie  likrly  to  [h\  issued. 

(jt.  Can  you  state  when  and  of  whom  yon  made  sneli  im|uiry  f — A.  1  ran  up  to  a  rer- 
taiudiite. '  Tho  inipiiries  were  made  of  persons  most  likely  to  lie  in  formed  of  the  iialiiro 
of  the  treaties  and  intentions  of  the  Department.  It  oecnrred  to  my  iiiinil  freiineiitly 
when  dealiii};  in  scrip  ti>  ask  these  (|uesiious. 

(.}.  Did  it  not  oeenr  to  you  that  it  was  important  to  refer  to  tho  treaty  and  the  orders 
of  the  Department  authori/in<j;  the  issue  of  these  certilieatrs  ,' — A.  It  did. 

i).  Dill  you  inako  such  ret'errnre  .' — A.  I  did. 

if.  Did  you  have  a  knowledjtr  at  or  liefore  the  lime  of  making  thesis  ]iure1ia.ses  of  the 
pliier  of  rrsideiieo  of  the  elass  of  persons  entitled  to  these  eerlilieatcs  t — A.  1  had  a  gen- 
eral knowledge,  derived  fioiii  report. 

(.}.  Where  did  you  suppose  they  resided  ? — A.  In  Norlliern  Wisconsin  and  Nortliorn 
Minne.sota,  near  Jiiike  .Superior,  near  Saint  Cmix  Uivrr,  in  Kanisry,  llemiepiii,  and 
Kakota  Counties,  along  the  I'pper  MissLssijipi  and  on  the  K'rd  Kiver  of  tho  North. 

10  liliii 


AT 


M 


'  I..;.;,! 


-  J 


B 


L'i)U 


cuii'i'KWA  iiAi.i-;iKi:i;i>s  of  lakk  sitkhiuk. 


().  AVliiif  itro|Hirtiiih  Kl'tlic  i>iiiMi>  iitliirln'il  to  tlif  c  rtiticalcs  piiirliaNi'il   liy  yon.  In 
\(iiir  niiiiiioii,  iHiipi.riiil  III  lir  iMciitiil  at  Saint   Taiil  .'—A.  t'aniitit  tell,  hiil  not   nmir 


llitiii  a 


lid  I 


"\v  niMiiv 


l^.  Hid  , villi  fvii  inakf  aii\  iiii|niiy,  mill  ifMi.  wlun  ami  of  wliiiin,  aH   to   h 

('lii|i|n\\a  liall-liiriils  III'  l.aUi)  Sii|ifiiiir   tluTi'   witi-  at  tin- ilati;  ot' tlit' treaty  .'~A,i 
(loll  t  kiinw  that  I  cMT  iiiaili-  tl'c  iinjiiiry  in  tliat  loiiii.     I   Iium-  ini|nir<>i|  winit  liali- 


lii 


CI  ilN  anil  liow  mat 


ly  Wile  MiinioMcil  to  III- ciitilli-il  tosnip  iiiiiler  tliat  tnaty.  1  ni.iil, 
llii>  inijiiiry  of  |nT.siihs  .■.ii|i|»omiI  to  Im'  licxt  int'ni  nu-il  mi  tliat  Milijnt,  tin-  olll  ii-Nitjinis 
oC  MiniiiHota,  anil  who  win-  itiatfil  hy  hloml  or  tonmifcil  in  Imsini'MH  with  ('liipiicwu 
l>ainl>  anil  liali-liri'niM.  'I'Imm'  wiif  iiiaili-  aliont  the  tiiiii-  of  iiiiiihaNinjj  dilfi  rent  1,,n 
cf  M  I  ip,  anil  prior  to  piircha.^inn  any.  'I'lic  an^wriN  win-,  ;;ciu'i  ally,  that  nil  tin-  mixnl. 
hliii'ils  of  ('liippi«a.s.  iif  hoth  l.aki'  Snpiiior  and  MiN.>.i.>.Mippi  liainlN,  who  could  tian' 
till  ii  linia;;<)  to  tin-  Lake  ?<ii|wrior  liaiid>,  wiii)  t'lilillcd  to  hciipnmlcr  Mik  ticatv 
liiit  that  their  iiiiinlicr  was  ililfcitntly  stated  al  from  I.IMIII  to  '.'..".((i*,  hy  dilfereiit  |it'i- 
sons.  As  to  who  were  eiitithd  I  iminiied  of  lion,  11.  M.  Kice.  who  stated  that  all  the 
mixed  Idoods  of  ('lii]i)ie\\ as  of  W'isionsin  and  Minnesota. 
l,t.   ^nii  have  already  stated  that  voii  referred  to  the  tieatv  to  determino  tl 


iif  certificates  iinlhori/i'il  to  he  i>.siied.     I>o   voii   reinemlier  th.it  tli 


nnder  the  treaty  were  designated  in  the  following  lan;;iia; 


le  iinioiiiit 
e  persons  enlill 


Kach  iiead  of  a  laiiiil 


or  >ili^le  person  over  V'l   \eais  of  n;ne.  at  the  ])reselit  time,  of  liie  mixed-liloods  III 
inn  to  ilie  C'hippewas  of  Lake  .<nperior,  shall  he  eniitled  to  "it  acres  of  land,  to  he  mT- 
tied  h.\  them  liji  patent  in  the  n>nal  form  ,'" — \.  I  ilo  reinemlier  it. 
t,>.  Alter  reailiii<i  that.  I  ask  yoti  if  yon  had  anv  donht  lint  the  half-hreed  CI 


-lllppew  ,i-. 


lielnllj;illjl    to    Lake    Superior   otilywele   entitled    to    the    helielit   of  this  clause  of  I  h 


Ucat.N 


A.  I  had  some  doiilit,  ami  1  iniinired  what  coiistrnclion  tlie  (joveint 


ii'iil  pill 


iijioii  that  clause  of  the  treaty,  and  was  informed  that  the  Itepartment  held  that  it  .. 
plied  to  all  related  li>'  ldo|(il  to  the  (.'hijipewas  of  Lake  Superior. 

(,".  ^Vhell  and  of  w  liom  did  yon   im|Uiie.' — A.  I  iiii|niieil  ill  various  tiiiu's  siiue  l-i.  I, 
I  think  of  Mr.  Hice.  Mr.  Nan  Ltlati,  Mr.  Kitson,  and  others— Mr,  Oaks. 

(,,1.   l»o  you  icmcinlierlhu  form  of  ihc^e  certilicates,  or  have  you  any  of  them  to  whic  li 
von  can  refer  ? — A.  I  have  none  here.     I  rememlicr  tlie  form. 


It    is   herehy  expn 


deeliired   tbat  any  sale,  transfer,  inort^^ajje,  assii»niiieiit. 


Of 


l'lei!j;e  of  this  ceitilicate.  or  of  any  ri;;ht  aceruiii;:  under  it,  will  not  la;  recojrm/.cd  . 
valid  hy  the  riiited  States,  and  that  the  jiateut  for  lands  located  hy  virtue  tlicreof 
shall  he  issued  directly  to  the  aho\e-named  reservie,  or  his  or  her  heirs]  and  shall  in  no 
wise  inure  to  the  helielit  of  any  other  person  or  persons,  and  that  tiie  cdiject  and  piir- 
' ........         ...  .  .   .  ■  |.||^^j 


lersons  en 


]iose  (if  this  ceitilicate  is  to  identify  the  said  ahove-named  as  one  of  the  ] 

to  the  helielit  of  the  provisions  of  the  seveinh  clause  of  the  second  article  of  the  treat  v 


atoll 


^a:i 


'  (ii\en  under  my  hand  and  seal  of  the  Depailment  of  the  Interior,  thi.s  day  and  year 


ibove  w  litti'ii. 


'COMMISSION. 


Anotiii'.i:  ruiivt. 


'■  rhi;-  lertifkate  is  not  assiyiuiMc,  ami  it  is  expressly  declared  that  any  s.'ile,  trans- 
fer. mort};aj;e,  assi>;nnient  or  pledj;t;  ther»;of,  or  of  any  ri^ht  aecriiiiif^  under  it,  will 
not  be  recognized  as  valid  hy  the  United  States,  and  the  object  of  this  certificate  is  to 
iileiitify  the  said  above-named  as  one  of  the  persons  entitled  to  the  beiielit  of  the  pro- 
visions of  the  seventh  clau.se  of  the  .second  article  of  the  treaty  aforesaid.     <!iveii,"  iVc. 

(/.  l»i(l  you  not  consider  the  attempt  to  authorize  tin;  transfer  of  the  interest  of  tiie 
half-breeds  ill  these  lands,  by  power  of  attorney,  as  you  have  described,  as  an  iiii;'eiii()iis 
device  to  do  the  thiiij;  which  the  Department  intended  to  prevent,  a.s  set  forth  in  tiie 
ceitilicates  above  iiiioted  .' — A.  1  did  not. 

i).  What  did  you  suppose  the  Department  meant  by  the  expression  used  in  the  foriii 
that  the  patent  should  not  iiiiirf  to  the  beiielit  of  any  per.son  lint  the  half-hreed  or  his 
lainily,  mentioned  in  the  certilicate  ?— A.  1  tlid  not  sn|>pose  that  we  aciiiiired  any  title 
to  the  land  before  the  issuance  of  the  ]iateiit,  but  that  the  land  was  localed  for,  and 
that  the  jiafeiit  was  to  1  e  issued  to,  the  half-breed,  and,  after  ihat,  we  aeijiiired  title 
from  the  half-breed,  by  virtue  of  the  cotitiact  to  pnrehase,  made  hetore  the  issuance  of 
the  patent. 

(.}.  Did  yon  suppose  that  the  lialf-breed  could  make  any  valid  contract  for  the  .sale  of 
land  to  wliieh  he  had  acijuired  no  title,  Icfjal  or  ei|uitahle  .'—A.  I  did,  in  the  same  man- 
ner that  I  can  contract  to  sell  a  piece  of  land  in  advance  of  becoming  owner  of  it,  ami 
to  which  1  have  at  the  time  no  title  whatever,  and  the  contract  being  recorded  will 
have  the  effect  to  pass  the  title  whenever  1  am  iiossessed  of  it. 

Q.  ^Vllat,  in  your  opinion,  was  the  object  of  the  Department  in  imtting  that  restric- 
tion ni>on  the  power  of  the  half-breed  to  alienate  ?— A.  I  do  not  know. 

i).  Do  yon  not  know  that  the  right  of  a  person  toa  i)ieceof  niilocateii  land  is  worth  hss 
tLau  the  right  to  the  same  lai.d  after  it  is  located  and  patented  f— A.  I  do. 


lOR. 


CMIPl'KWA    HAM'-IUMCKDS    OK    LAKE    SITKRIOR. 


201 


cliaHcil  liy  yoii,  III 
It'll,  but  tloi    liluic 

iiH  to  liow  iiitniv 
tlic  liciil.v  .'~A.  1 
|iiiiv«l  wiiiit  liiili- 
lit  trt'uty.    1  iiiinlr 

,   till'   Olll    I'l'Nilll'llll 

HH  with  ('lii|)|M'\\u 
iNiii^  iliDiniit  liitM 
that  III!  the  ini\n|. 
H,  who  i'oiilil  ti'iiK' 

llllili'l'    till'    tl'i'iity. 

,  liy  illll'iTfiit  |iiV- 
^tati'il  that  all  lln' 

'niiiiio  till!  uiiiDiint 
ic  jii'i'soiiN  nil  it  lid 
h  iit'ail  of  II  I'aiiiily 

M'll-llillOlls  lll'lll|l<^- 

iil'  land,  U>  he  M'l- 

I'-ltri'i'd  C"liiiijicu;i> 
this  rlaiHi'  nl'  tli,' 

1'  (jilVi'llllllcIlt  |illt 
'lit    lU'lll  tllilt   il  ilp- 

H  times  .siiirc  l^i'il, 

V  t)l"  tlU'lll  to  wlili  h 

ij;(',  aHsiijiiiiiciit.  or 
It  lie  ii'foniiizi'd  as 
I  liy  viitiii'  tlirrciil' 
'ii's,  and  .shall  in  im 
II.'  (diji'i't  and  i>iir- 

lli'  pi'lsoMs  I'lllillril 

itiulo  of  till'  trt'aty 
,  this  day  and  yrar 
'COMMISSION." 


at  any  sali-,  traiis- 
iii^  iindi'i'  it,  will 
lii>  ctTtilirati'  is  to 
hi'iii'lit  of  thf  I'lo- 
siiid.  divi'ii,"  Ac. 
till!  interest  of  tin.' 
eil,  as  an  in;;'eiiioiis 
as  set  I'oith  in  tin.' 

»n  used  in  the  form 
le  liall-lireed  or  his 
iitiiuired  any  tiflf 
as  loeated  for,  and 
,  we  aei|iiiri'd  lillf 
ore  the  issuance  of 

tract  for  the  sale  of 
I,  in  the  same  iiiaii- 
ji  owner  of  it,  ami 
luing  recorded  will 

It  liny  that  restric- 

w. 

(iland  is  worth lis.s 

.  I  do. 


(j,  Have  ynit,  tluMi,  iiiiy  doiilit  hut  that  the  olijei't  of  tlin  |)i'|iin'tiniMit  in  nutting  tliii 
restrietioii  upon  the  ri^ht  to  alienate,  was  to  save  the  hall'-hiei'il  from  the  loss  that 
would  lie  sustained  hy  niaUiuu;  a  sain  jireviiiiis  to  the  location  and  pitteiit  ' — \.  I  have 

ilouhts,  I aiise  I  lielieve  it  was  well  known  to  the  Department  at  the  time  the  eertitl- 

rates  were  issued,  that  they  were  liou^ht  and  sold  in  the  market,  and  intended  so  to 
lie  hoimlit  und  sold  hy  the  parties  who  reeeived  them,  meanln;^  the  halt'-brueiU  .mil 
their  agents. 

(.{.  When  you  say  l>epaitment,  whom  do  you  mean? — A.  I  mean  the  ollleers  of  the 
Department  of  the  Interior. 

(^  What  do  you  MUppoi»e  to  Ito  the  olijeet  in  puttiiij;  this  Iau;5Uaj{e  in  the  eerf  itleates  ? 
—A.  I  do  not  know. 

il.  Do  you  not  helieve  that  makiujj  transt'ers  and  sales  lu't'ore  the  issiiinj;  of  the  jiat- 
I'lit  or  locatiii;;  the  eeititleates  opi'iateij  injiiriously  to  the  half-breed  .'—A.  I  ilo  not,  if 
they  reeeived  ffl  per  acre,  as  was  ^eiierallv  elainied. 

t^.  Have  you  any  knowledge  of  a  eliiss  of  these  eertiilcati's  known  as  the  (Jilhert 
Hrri|»? — A.  1  have  seen  one  of  them. 

i{.  Were  you  aware  of  sueh  serip  haviii;^  been  issued  previous  to  making  your  pur- 
I'liases  ? — A.  I  was  not. 

(/.  When  were  the  fiiets  lirst  broun'ht  to  your  kuowledfre  that  siieli  scrip  had  been 
issued  .' — A.  About  the  time  of  uial>iii;;  my  seeoiid  [mreiiase. 

(/.  Did  you  ever  ini|nii'eas  totlie  numberof  mixed-bloods  belonuin^  to  tlieC'hipitewas 
of  J, like  Superior,  biMiiu  heads  of  t'amilies  .' — A.  I  did,  as  to  how  many  mixed-bloods 
lii'loiijfinj;  to  Lake  Superior  Cliipiiewas  weii'  eiitilled  to  eertilii'Mtes.  I  eaniiot  tell  the 
tmie  when  the  imiuiiy  was  made, 

t^.  What  information  did  you  jjet  as  to  the  numbi'r  .'•— .\.  I  could  y;et  no  distinct  in- 
formation a.s  to  thu  number. 


Uy  the  Cii.viitM.vx 


AnasT  •,'•.', 


(j.  You  havestateil  that  about  tlieliineyou  ommeuccd  puichasiim  these  certilicatos 


vou  reli'ired   to  the  treaty,  A  i 


itii   the  view  of  asi'i'i'tainini;'  the  probablo  i|ua!itity 


that  would  be  issued.  This  treaty  was  dated  in  l*'.')!,  and  the  persons  i.'iititled  to  lauds 
iiiider  its  provisions  were  then  rei|iiii'i'd  to  be  'il  yuai'.s  old,  or  the  hi'ads  of  families.  Did 
it  not  occur  to  you  as  soiucihiii;;  reinarkable  tliif  their  claims  had  not  Ici'ii  satislieil 
l'iii]H  bit'ore  the  time  you  be;nan  to  make  piiicliases.' — A.  It  did,  and  therefore  I  made 
ilie  ini|iiiries. 

C^.  Did  you  iHi'eriaiu  Uiimi  siii'li  iiiiiiiiiy  tliit  within  one  y.Mr  after  tliu  dat '  of  thu 
treaty  a  census  had  been  taken  tinder  tlie  direction  of  the  a;;eiit  of  the  ('hippewas  of 
Lake  Superior  of  all  the  persons  of  mixed-blood  eiititleil  to  luinK  under  the  provisions 
nf  the  treaty /—.v.  I  did  not,  nor  did  I  know  anything;  alioiit  it  until  within  oiii'  year 
jiiist,  except  that  I  found  in  one  list  of  scrip  that  I  pitrcliased  one  "  (Jilberl "  cert  ill  ;ate, 
the  only  one  I  knew  atiytliiii<>'  alioitt. 

(.),  Do  you  remember  the  date  of  that  purchase  .' — A.  In  l.Tidii  or  l>(i7. 

(.}.  What  was  the  date  of  that  certilicafe.  an>l  how  di  t  it  diller  so  that  yoit  kii'-.v  it 
as  a  "  (Jilbert  "  certiticate  ? — .\.  I  do  not  remember  the  date,  but  it  was  made  to  .Motiy 
Chickasaw  and  si^jned  by  "(Jilbert,"  and  was  simply  a  certilicato  of  idoutili  .atiou.  1 
lliiiik  it  was  sijriied  by  (iilbert  as  a;fent. 

i}.  Did  you  know  that  (Jilbert  had  been  a;;i'nt  of  Cliippnvas  of  li  iki'  S;ipi'rio'.-,  an  I 
if  .so,  when  his  term  as  aj;ent  tenninated  ,' — A,  1  did  not  know  tiiiythin^  ab  iiit  it,  ox- 
cept  what  ai>peared  niton  that  certiticate. 

t^.  Did  you  know  anything  at  the  titiio  of  purchasing  these  eertilieates  by  inforina- 
tioii  or  otherwise  in  re;;ard  to  the  means  used  to  induce  the  half-breed  t,'liipiie\vas  to 
apply  for  the  certilicate,  and  to  execute  the  iiower  of  attonnsy  l—\.  Nothing;  whatever, 
except  that  1  was  informed  by  the  sellers  that  they  paid  the  half-breeds  for  tlieiii,  and 
thi' amount  alle<reil  to  have  Itoen  paid  was  i»r('s.)iited  as  ii  reas  >u  for  iliai vndiiiij  tli) 
iniiesacknowledf^ed  for  the  sciip. 

1.^.  Did  yon  have  any  I'onnectioii,  by  advaucinj;  money  or  otherwise,  with  .1.  P.  Wilson 
ill  iirocuriiif^  these  certilicates  .' — A.  I  did  not,  nor  do  I  believe  he  solicited  the  i.ssiie  of 
liny  of  these  certilicates.  1  know  it  was  a  fact  that  he  had  nothin;j;'  to  do  with  .solieit- 
iiij;  the  applications  liir  the  issuin<r  of  any  ot  the  certilicates  that  have  been  issued. 

(;.  How  do  you  know  that  .' — A.  1  know  it  because  he  would  have  ttdil  me  so  if  it  had 
bi'i'ii  so,  knowing  the  fact  that  I  had  purchased  these  certilicates. 

•  ^t.  Did  you  know  that  Mr.  Wilson  was  dealing  in  fchi.'se  certilicates  at  or  b'.d'ori!  the 
time  that  yon  were  handliiig  them  .'—A.  I  kite ^r  that  he  bought  and  sold  a  few  of 
tbeiii,  and  located  some  of  them. 

C^t.  Had  yon  advanced  money  to  hiiu  to  be  used  for  that  purpose? — A.  None  at  all, 
so  far  as  I  can  remember. 

Q.  Were  you  funiiliar  with  the  purcha.ses  that  he  was  making  ?— A.  Xot  familiar.  I 
only  knew  of  them  in  the  general  way  of  business. 

l^  Dill  you  know  of  a  largo  purchase  that  he  made  of  Coniniissioncr  Dole  ? — A.  I 
fl'as  informed  of  a  purchase  which  he  made  of  Commissioner  Dole,' of  about  twenty - 
lour  pieces. 


4i"i.' 


"•  r 


■'C'i^  1 


•ii 


:■■■   r 


*  M 


'■ 


292 


CHIPPEWA   HALF-BREEDS   OF   LAKE   SUPERIOR. 


Q.  Did  you  beconio  interested  in  any  of  tlio  pieces  included  in  tliat  pnri'bnHu  f— A. 
I  did  not,  except  tluit  I  Hold  the  Kfcater  part  of  tliem  for  biui. 

Q.  On  wliat  teruis  did  you  sell  tlieni  ? — A.  As  near  as  1  can  reiuenilter,  I  sold  tlieni 
at  I2.75  to  $3  per  acre.  I  don't  remember  wbether  1  took  out  a  margin  for  myself  iis 
commission  ;  tliink  possibly  I  did  take  ont  twenty-flve  cents  per  acre. 

Q.  Did  you  suppose  it  was  lojjal  or  honest,  while  beinjj  Commissioner  of  Indian 
Affairs,  to  be  dealius  in  these  certificates,  i.  v.,  for  Mr.  Dole  f— A.  I  did  not  know  tliat 
lie  bought  them  of  Dole  until  afterward. 

Q.  Did  you  become  aware,  and,  if  so,  at  what  time,  that  Mr.  Dole  had  commenced 
suit  against  Mr.  Wilson  to  recover  the  price  for  which  he  sold  these  certificates  f— A. 
I  heard  of  the  suit  about  the  time  it  commenced. 

Q.  Were, you  also  informed,  and,  if  so,  at  what  time,  that  Mr.  Wilson  in  answer  to 
that  suit  had  set  up  as  a  defense  that  the  certificates  were  void  because  the  persons 
named  therein  as  Cbippewas  of  mixed  blood  did  not  belong  to  the  Chippewus  of  l^ake 
Superior? — A.  I  did  not  know  anything  about  his  answer,  except  he  might  or  might 
not  have  mentioned  that  fact  to  me  after  he  made  it.    I  ktmw  now  that  he  made  it. 

Q.  Do  you  know  when  or  where  he  got  the  information  which  led  him  to  believe  that 
liis  certificates  were  void  ?— A.  I  do  not. 

Q.  Yon  have  sworn  in  a  former  answer  that  Mr.  Wilson  had  nothing  to  do  with  pro- 
curing the  a]>}dications  for  the  issuing  of  any  of  these  certificates,  and  that  you  knew 
that  because  if  Mr.  Wilson  had  been  instrumental  in  procuring  their  issue  he  would 
have  informed  you.  Is  there  any  reason  why  he  should  have  been  more  likely  to  give 
voii  this  information  than  the  information  in  regard  to  any  other  fact  in  relation  to 
his  dealing  in  these  certificates  T — A.  He  was  more  familiar  with  the  fact  that  I  was 
dealing  in  these  eeiiifieates  than  I  was  with  his  other  transaction  in  regard  to  scrip. 

Q.  Some  of  the  certificates  under  which  locations  that  yon  claim  were  made  appear  to 
have  been  issued  to  husband  and  wife,  or  at  least  to  a  man  and  woman  of  the  same 
surname.  Did  you  sup)>ose  a  man  and  his  wife  could  both  be  heads  of  a  fuiiiily.  or 
that  each  would  be  entitled  to  lauds  under  the  treaty  f — A.  I  don't  remember  having 
noticed  such  cases. 

Q.  In  what  comity  are  these  lands  now  claimed  by  yon  located  f — A.  I  think  all  in 
Cass  County.    I  have  never  seen  the  lands. 

Q.  By  whom  were  these  locations  made  or  the  lauds  selected  ? — A.  The  explorations 
and  selections  were  made  by  Mr.  E.  S.  Hall.  I  re<|ue8ted  J.  P.  Wilson  to  employ  a 
person  to  explore  and  select  and  attend  to  the  locatio">,  and  E.  S.  Hall  was  the  person 
employed. 

Q.  Did  the  half-breed  whose  name  is  mentioned  in  the  certificate  have  anything  to  do, 
so  far  as  you  know,  in  making  the  selections  or  the  locations  f — A.  Nothing  except  by 
his  attorney. 

Q.  The  person  named  as  the  locator  of  the  first  piece  mentioned  in  your  list  is  Ed- 
ward S.  Hall.  Do  you  know  at  what  time  his  name  was  written  in  that  power  of 
attorney  ? — A.  No,  sir ;  1  do  not.  I  am  pretty  sure  it  was  in  blank  when  I  purchased 
it. 

Q.  According  to  the  best  of  your  recollection,  were  the  powers  of  attorney  attached 
to  the  certificate  under  which  these  locutions  were  made  in  blank  when  you  purchased 
them  ? — A.  They  were. 

Q.  What  did  you  do  to  procure  the  locations  to  be  made  under  these  certificat(;s  ?— 
A.  1  gave  the  certificates  to  J.  1*.  Wilson  with  the  re<iuest  that  he  would  locate  them, 
and  agreed  to  sell  him  an  interest  in  them  of  one-third,  I  think,  at  the  rate  of  $',\  per 
acre,  he  paying  for  one-third  of  the  certificates  at  that  rate,  and,  also,  one-thinl  of  tlie 
expense  of  exploration,  payment  to  be  made  when  procee«ls  from  the  land  shall  be 
realized,  he  paying  12  per  cent,  per  annum  for  use  of  the  money  until  that  time. 

Q.  When  did  you  first  learn  that  the  Department  had  ordered  locations  undtn'  tbcHc 
certificates  to  be  stopped  ?— A.  I  learned  it,  I  think,  in  about  a  week  after  the  issue  of 
the  order. 

Q.  When  did  you  first  hear  any  rumors  that  the  Department  contemplated  siicli  a 
measure,  or  that  there  was  any  investigation  being  made  in  regard  to  the  validity  or 
regularity  of  these  certificates  ? — A.  I  heard  nothing  of  the  intentiou  of  the  Depart- 
ment until  after  the  issue  ot  the  order. 

Q.  Did  not  yon  hear  any  rumor  whatever  affecting  their  validity  or  regularity  until 
after  the  order  of  the  Department  was  made  f — A.  1  did  not  as  to  their  validity  or  reg- 
ularity. I  heard  rumors  of  the  intention  of  the  Department  to  send  out  a  conunission 
to  ascertain  the  number  that  were  entitled,  after  the  first  appointment  of  It.  F.  Crow- 
ell  on  the  commii-sion  after  he  had  gone  into  the  Indian  country  on  busintiss  of  his 
commission,  and  during  the  time  of  his  absence,  in  the  fall  or  sumnutr  of  1870. 

Q.  Have  you  ever  purchased  or  dealt  in  any  pine-laiuls  yonrself,  or  located  any  of 
these  certificates  for  your  own  benefit? — A.  I  have  not  located  any  certificates  in  per- 
son. I  have  other  locations  which  I  have  caused  to  be  uuule,  which  1  intend  to  ofier 
to  the  commission  as  set  forth  in  schedule  marked  — . 


lOR. 


liat  pnri'haHc  f— A. 

iinlier,  I  sold  tlinni 

irgiu  for  myself  as 

e. 

isBionpr  of  Indinn 

ilid  uot  know  thiit 

le  luul  commenced 
J  certilicates  ?— A, 

Ison  in  jiimwor  to 
tciuise  th«  nelsons 
Miippewas  of  Lake 
lie  nii^lit  or  might 
Imt  liu  inndo  it. 
liin  to  believe  that 

OR  to  do  witli  pro- 
nd  that  yon  know 
leir  issne  he  would 
more  likely  to  jrivo 
fact  in  relation  to 
he  fact  that  I  w:is 
regard  to  scrip, 
are  made  appear  to 
'Oman  of  the  same 
a«l8  of  a  family,  or 
'  remember  having 

—A.  I  think  all  iu 

..  The  explorations 
ilson  to  employ  a 
all  was  the  person 

ivo  anything  to  do, 
S'othing  except  by 

in  yonr  list  is  Ed- 
in  that  i)ower  of 
when  I  piirehascd 

attorney  attached 
len  yon  imrchased 

cse  certificates  ?— 
^'onld  locate  them, 
the  rate  of  $'.\  per 
o,  one-third  of  the 
the  land  shall  he 
1  that  time. 
itiuiiH  nnder  these 
I  after  the  issue  of 

tenijilated  such  a 
to  the  validity  or 
on  of  the  IJepart- 

tr  regularity  initil 
ir  validity  or  reg- 
ent a  connnission 
nt  of  It.  F.  t'rovy- 
n  bnsim*ss  of  his 
r  of  1870. 
or  located  any  of 
;erti(icates  in  p<|i'- 
L  I  intend  to  oll'ir 


CHIPPEWA   HALF-BREEDS   OF   LAKE   SUPERIOR. 


293 


Q.  Why  was  not  this  list  presented  by  you  when  your  examination  was  commenced 
yesterday  ? — A.  The  list  was  not  prepared  then. 

Q.  Why  was  it  that  yon  nnide  no  allusion  to  it  in  your  testimony  yesterday  f — A. 
Because  it  was  not  prepared  to  bo  ottered,  aud  I  did  not  understand  any  (piestiou  put 
to  refer  to  anything  except  the  claims  which  were  ottered  yesterday. 

Q.  That  was  because  we  did  uot  understand  that  you  had  any  other  claims. — A.  It 
would  have  been  better  to  have  put  it  all  together,  but  I  have  been  so  busy  about 
other  matters  I  could  not  attend  to  it. 

Q.  This  list  does  not  show  when  or  by  whom  locations  were  made.  How  do  you 
account  for  that? — A.  I  have  the  data  at  my  olMee,  and  can  state  that  about  thirty  of 
them  were  first  located  about  three  years  ago,  being  those  bearing  numbers  less  than  108, 
by  O.  B.  Sturtevant,  which,  t.)  the  best  of  my  recollection,  together  with  the  others, 
were  adjusted  and  relocated  in  April,  ld7L 

Q.  Who  is  the  owner  of  these  locations  or  certilicates  under  which  they  are  claimed 
to  have  been  made? — A.  I  am. 

Q.  When  antl  of  whom  did  you  purchaHe  them  ? — A.  They  arc  a  part  of  the  cortiti- 
cates  concerning  which  I  have  heretofore  testilied. 

Q.  Is  Mr.  J.  P.  Wilson  interested  in  any  way  in  these  locations  ? — A.  He  does  not 
claim  any  intei'est  in  them.  When  the  locations  were  made  he  acted  for  me  in  nuiking 
a  part  of  them,  about  one-half,  and  I  offered  to  sell  him  at  that  time  an  undivided 
interest  of  about  one-eighth  in  the  lands  at  the  rate  of  about  8«3  per  acre  and  one-eighth 
of  the  expenses,  whichinterest  he  subsequently  gave  up  to  me. 

Q.  When  and  under  what  circumstances  did  he  give  up  his  interest  to  you  ? — A.  Five 
or  six  months  ago,  because  we  were  informed  the  Department  had  canceled  the  loca- 
tions on  the  ground  that  the  Mille  Lac  reservation  was  not  subject  to  location  in  any 
way,  and  c«nise(iuently  his  interest  was  worthless.  My  principal  object  in  presenting 
it  now,  is  to  have  it  noted  by  the  connnission  that  it  is  presented  in  order  to  save  what 
right  I  nmy  have. 

Q.  WUeu,  under  Secretary  Harlan,  the  practice  of  the  Department  was  made  to  con- 
form to  the  first  construction  of  the  treaty,  were  you  made  aware  of  it;  and  if  so,  at 
what  time? — A.  I  never  understood  that  under  his  decision  the  practice  of  the  Depart- 
ment was  made  to  conform  to  the  first  construction  of  the  treaty.  I  did  understand 
his  decision  to  be,  in  effect,  that  theperscnis  entitled  should  apply  in  person  at  the  land- 
offlee  to  make  these  selections  iustead  of  receiving  certificates. 

Q.  Did  you  hear  before  that  practice  was  changed  any  rumors  that  parties  here 
would  make  an  eftbrt  to  have  it  changed  ? — A.  I  did  not. 

Q.  Did  you  hear  by  rumor  that  it  would  probably  be  chauged  previous  to  any  order 
to  that  eti'ect  ? — A.  I  did  not. 

Q.  Do  yon  remember  when  you  first  heard  that  the  change  was  made  from  Secretary 
Harlan's  practice,  and  from  whom  you  got  the  information  ? — A.  I  heard  it  soon  after 
the  change  was  made,  but  from  whom  I  cannot  now  state. 

Q.  Do  you  know  whether  any  timber  has  been  cut  on  the  land  covered  by  the  19 
pieces  of  scrip  referred  to  yesterday  ? — A.  I  am  pretty  certain  there  has  uot  been,  nor 
on  any  other  lands  claimed  bv  nie. 

H.  T.  W^ELLES. 

S.vixT  Cloud,  Augimt  8, 1S72 
John  Dkhaitloe,  Es(i.  : 

Dkau  Sih:  Below  I  send  you  a  list  of  lauds  upou  which  I  adjusted  for  you  the  Chip- 
pewa and  Sioux  half-breed  scrip. 
C.  H.  B.  S.,  No.  221).  J"\lia  La  Derout,  south  half  southwest  quarter,  35, '  ;>,  25— 80 
acres. 
No.  278.  Rosalie  Richard,  south  half  northwest  quarter,  2,  52,  25—80 

acres. 
No.  282.  Mary  Smith,  south  half  northeast  quarter,  3,  .'")2, 25 — SO  acres. 
No.  224.  Marie  Lerance,  south  iialf  southeast  quarter,  34, 53, 2.> — i^O  acres. 
No.  Kil.  Baptiste  Dejarlin,  lots  1,2,  aud  3,  3,52, 2,')—8(>.83  acres. 
No.  21)5.  Maria  Slater,  h)ts  2, 3,  and  4,  2,.52,25— 81.3t). 
No.  185.  Francois  Fidler,  north  half  northeast  quarter,  25,  53,  25—80 

acres. 
No.  21)7.  William  Slater,  southwest  quarter  northeast  quarter  aud  uorth- 
west  quarter  southeast  quarter,  25, 25, 53—80  acres. 
Sioux.  II.  B.  Scrip  : 

No.  411.  D.  Alexis  La  Framboise,  southwest  (juarter  northeast  quarter, 
southeast  <iuarter  northwest  quarter,  northeast  (iiiarter  southwest 
quarter,   aud   northwest  quarter   siintheast   (luarter,  11,52, 25— ICO 
acres. 
Yours,  trulv, 

WM.  MULLIKEN. 
Will  be  down  iu  a  few  days. 


■«! 


■^iN 


MM 


M::\ 


m 


.:,-;'M.- 

.r    1,   U     ; 

■,  f 

...  )          i 

■■•■:, 

vi;! 

■3 

294 


cmrrKWA  half-hrkeds  op  lakk  tn'i'EinoR. 


S.  W.  Faiinham,  ol'  Miiiiuaitolis,  boiiijj  lirst  by  iii«  »luly  aninnod,  tlejioses  as  follows. 
to  wit : 

]  iTsido  ill  MiiiiU'a|>o]is;  a^^cd  lii'ty-two  y<>ai'H;  ocunpation,  a  liiiiiliornian.  I  am  one 
of  tlu>  lii'iii  of  Faniiiaiii  iV  Lovt'joy,  wliicli  linn  iNllii*  owiier  of  a  two-tliirds  iiitciCKt  in 
scvciitt'i'ii  fiitiifs  »it'  land,  niidcrccrtilicatt'Hof  Cliip|n'wa  lialf-Iircfds  of  Lak«(  Sii|K'rior. 
Tins  land  was  inircliascd,  after  tlio  lo>-ations  had  lit-i'u  iiiado  in  Ir'(il),  of  Winihrop 
Youn<<;  and  iictijainiii  Kcont'. 

'I'lic  otlicr  third  is  owned  hy  J.  it.  (iillfillan,  es(|.,  of  Minneapolis,  I  think  wi>  jiaid 
altont  livt«  dollars  ]ier  acre.  The  linn  of  Farnhani  iV  Lov<'Joy  alsoowiis  lour  additioiml 
t'litries,  under  eertiticates  nnnihiM'ed  a.s  follows:  I7:t  in  the  nanio  of  Charles  D^iinaries, 
located  on  .south  half  mutlu'iist  (piarter  of  seetion  ;!-',  township  111,  ranj?''  *-ii*. 

No,  (I.  (it'orj;e  II.  (lakes,  located  on  south  liuU"  iimthwest  ([luirtor  of  section:?!,  town- 
ship -Sti,  raiijje  •,",», 

No,  'JI17.  Antoine  Movjcan,  located  on  west  half  northeast  <|uarter  of  sccti«>ii  ;'.l.  town- 
ship -Ki.  ranite  'i;*. 

No,  l.'iS,  Jlenry  \'atiaei>,  located  on  east  half  northeast  quarter  of  section  lU,  tow i' 
ship  -KI,  laiifie  •,'!•. 

'J'liese  certilicates  were  i»iucliascd  l»y  myself  of  II.  T.  Welles,  as  agent  for  Mr.  \  uii 
Ftteii.  of  Saint  I'anl.  in  l.iiiti  or  Hii*.  and  located,  1  think,  in  lin'.K 

1  paid  Sll.riO  per  acre.  [  think  ;  it  inij;ht  have  been  more. 

AVe  never  dealt  in  any  other  Chippewa  scrip  or  lands  loeateil  under  them,  except  as 
pveseiiletl  here.     These  lands  are  in  (.'ass  C'ouiity. 


S.  VV.  FAKNHAM, 


MK.MUIiAMiA. 


St  r'qi  lociittit  Jidy'M  au())il,  \f<{)i],  Ftiniham  iS'  Loirjoif. 

ll.'i  D.  West  h.'ilf  southwest  (|iiarter  of  section  '2,  V.\^,  :>l,  Arseiie  Moiiisette. 

UCi  I>.  Fast  half  southwest  <iiiarter  of  seetion  3,  l\\f*,  ',\l,  .Jiiliii  Moiiisette.      . 

4V'i  1).  .Sioux.  Southeast  ijuarter  of  section  H,  1:$^,  ;J1 ,  Marion  Hunter,  formerly  Marion 

KolHTtsoil. 

W'Z  F.  Sioux.  Northeast  iiiiiuter  of  section  10,  138,  :U,  Marion  Ilunter,  formerly  Ma- 
lion  Robertson. 

1  V.  West  half  northwest  <|uarter  of  section  '.\,  i;U>,  :U,  Roj^er  Aitkiiis. 

1('7  ]),  West  half  southwest  quarter  of  section  '.i,  l:W.  lU.  Charles  Oraiit. 

141  1).  Fast  lialf  southeast  quarter  of  section  4,  I'M,  'M,  Francis  Lofiiie, 

7:i  ]).  East  half  northeast  quarter  of  section  1>,  hVJ,  :U,  .John  U,  Hottiueaii. 

141^  1).  Fast  half  northeast  tpiarter  of  section  4,  i;?l>,  III,  Mary  Lojjue. 

l'>8  C.  Southwest  quarter  northeast  qiiiirter  ttiul  northwest  (luarter  southeast  i|iiarter 
of  section  4,  \'S[),  'M,  Fraiivois  Labat. 

i;t7  1).  Fast  half  northwest  quarter  of  section  10,  HW.  Ul,  Marie  Laframboi.se. 

i:U  I).  West  half  northeast  i|iiartcr  of  section  M,  1!W,  III,  JIazil  Ledoiisier. 

140  D.  Fast  half  northwest  quarter  of  seetion  :{4.  llUt,  M,  Mary  A.  Laframboisc. 

17  C,  Wtst  half  northwest  quarter  of  seetioii  10,  lltO,  l!l,  John  Tanner. 

T'i  D.  Fast  half  .southwest  (piarter  of  section  'M,  lltO,  ;!1,  Mary  R.  IJottinean. 

Charles  l)aiiiarit'S,  8(l.  Soiitli  half  of  iiortiieast  (juartcr  of  section  ',ii,  township  !(!. 
raiifte  'Jl*.    No,  17:5,  treaty  IS'4,    H.    Chippi'wa. 

(ieoifie  II.  (lakes.  Fast  half  northwest  <iuarter  of  section  M.  Same  township  aiul 
raiifje.     No,  (>,  15.  C. 

Antoine  AIor»aii,  "^0.  West  half  northeast  quarter  of  section  ;]1.  Samo  as  aliove. 
No.  •.':!7,  C.  C, 

Harvey  Naiiase.    Fast  half  northeast  ([uart'-r  of  section  lU.    No.  liV. 


No.  (I, 

At  ta'sT  \W,  187"J— '2  p.  m. 

T.  15.  Wai.kk.I!,  recalled: 

Question.  State  what  yoa  know  of  lands  in  sections  4, ."),  8,  ami  0,  township  115;?,  i;niyi> 
28. — Answer.  I  knoiv  they  iiie  of  no  value  for  afiriciiltural  purposes.  They  are  on  i1m> 
wot  bank  of  the  Mississijipi  River,  ojtposite  Ibainard.  1  understand  the  county-scat 
of  Cass  County  is  located  on  these  s.'Ctions, 

Q,  In  your  former  testimony  you  referred  to  lands  that  yon  claimed  were  located 
nnder  pcrs(nial  aitplications  of  th(>  half-lueed.  State  what  you  know  of  the  parties 
who  procured  those  applications  to  be  niiule,  and  how  they  piH)cure<l  them  to  be  made.— 
A.  1  purchased  them  of  .loseph  1'.  Wilson,  and  know  nothing  about  them,  excei»t  tlnit 
lie  said  that  tht>y  were  entitled,  and  he  wished  to  make  tht^  locations  for  inc.  as  he  liiul 
no  lauds  he  w  ished  to  locate  for  himself.  I  neither  knew  the  ajiplicaiitH  nor  where 
they  lived.  1  never  saw  anv  of  them.  1  had  no  reason  to  think  they  were  not  en- 
tilled. 


'I«i8c'.s  as  fdllow.s. 

riiiaii.  I  am  mu' 
-tliinlti  iiitci't'.st  ill 
if  Lakti  .Siipiuioi'. 
^l)'.>,  ol"  Willi lu(t|) 

I  tliink  \V(>  |iiii(l 
IN  t'oiira<l<litiiiiiMl 
liarlcs  Hiiiiiiirics, 
IK.'  -iit. 

NCL'tion:?!,  town- 

suction  ;>l.  Iiiuii- 
Heutioii  :n,  liiwi' 
i^tMit  lor  Mr.  Vail 

tliein,  except  as 
v.  FAKNIIAM. 


)iimetto. 

isetto. 

■,  tbriiicrly  Marion- 

tt'i',  Hjiiiieily  Ma- 
is, 
rant. 

lie. 

incaii. 

It'. 

ioiitlK!asti|iiarter 


10  tun'ii.ship  and 
Sauu)  as  aliovc . 


iisliip  l;>;5,  ranm' 
Tlu^V  air  on  the 
I  tile  t'oniit\ -scat 

<1  wero  locatril 
V  of  tlie  paitifs 
>in  to  lie  made. — 
loin,  exeept  that 
or  iiie,  as  he  hiiil 
■ants  nor  where 
lOV  were  not  <'ii- 


ciiiPPKWA  ii.vLi'-r.rii^i:i).s  or  lakk  sii-erioi?. 


21^5 


Q.  What  papers  did  Wilson  assiirn  or  execute  to  yon  at  the  time  yon  iiiaile  thix  p  ir- 
eliase  f — A.  lie  made  a  memonindnin  aijreement  tliaf  he  wonhl  locate  ei-rtaiii  lands  on 
descriiitions  to  lie  fnniished  hy  me  at  two  dollars  and  a  hall'  per  acre.  AfterwMid  he 
l)i'oii<rlit  a  eertilieate  from  the  rejiister  of  the  Saint  Clonil  laiid-oHice  that  tiie  I'liiiies 
wert*  mailei  accordinj^  to  law.  Those  entries  Itein;;  aecoidin<f  to  my  desciiiirioii, 
lie  demanded  the  money  in  payment 

^^•.  How  could  Mr.  Wilson  make  loeations  for  yon  when  (lie  locations  Were  niaile  on 
the  ]iersoiial  application  of  the  half-hreed  .'—A.  Mi'  propos<'d  to  have  tlie--e  apnlic.mts 
eii'er  the.se  tracts  of  land,  and  then  convey  them  to  liim, 

Q.  I>o  yon  iiiean  to  say  that  Mr.  Wilson  sidd  to  yon  locations  made  on  personal  ajipli- 
cations  lielVu'o  the  applications  were  made  .' — \.  He  entered  into  ;iii  aLtreeineiH  lli  it  he 
would  liiid  parties  entitled  to  locatt',  and  would  (irocnie  .-i  locality  hy  thuiii  of  the  ti  acts 
I  should  name,  and  would  make  a  conveyance  of  the  same  to  inc. 

(/.  I  understood  yon  to  say  aliove.  that  when  yon  liar^ained  with  Wilson  yon  sup- 
)io-ied  the  parties  on  who.se  liehalf  he  was  contiiK'tin;;'  were  entitled  to  lands  under  tlie 
treaty,  and  you  now  say  that  yon  did  not  know  who  the  parties  were  on  whose  lielialf 
he  was  proposin<r  to  contract .' — A.  1  did  not  know  thi'  parties.  He  did  not  mention 
the  names  of  any  parties;  lint  1  supposed  he  knew  them,  of  course,  or  lie  would  not. 
contract  to  procure  localities  tliron<;li  tlieiii. 

l^.  IHd  yon  know,  liy  rnmoi' or  otherwise,  what  ni"a'is  Wilson  ns'd.  or  how  he  ino- 
ciieded  in  or  c  n'iii'.{  t  i.-se  or  ii'iy  orher  aodif  itio  is  t  i  \t\  in  i  le  .' —  V.  I  kn  nv  ii  >t  li  i.; 
about  it. 

Q.  Did  y<ni  hear  anytliinj^  ahoiit  it  ? — \.  I  nevef  heard  anythin;;-  almnt  it. 

C^.  Did  yon  or  did  yon  not  at  that  time  have  any  suspicion  that  J.  1'.  Wilson  w.is  not 
doiiifi  the  hnsiness  on  the  S(|ii!ire  .'— .\.  I  knew  nothin;^  wronjj  whatever  ahont  the 
transaction,  in  any  way,  shape,  or  form.  I  expected  the  entry  to  he  made  in  th  <  proper 
form  anil  in  accordance  with  law. 

Q.  i>id  yon  not  hear  rumors  at  or  before  that  time  that  Mr.  Wilson  was  eansin;;-  jiroof 
to  he  iniKle  and  ])rociirinji  applications  on  behalf  of  persons  who  were  not,  in  fact,  en- 
titled?— A.  I  do  not  think  I  ever  heard  the  matter  in  iitioned  or  discoursed,  or  siwdieii 
of  by  any  jierson. 

(J|.  Did  you  not  yourself  suspect  that  that  was  the  casef — .\.  I  certiiinly  di<l  not. 

(.}.  Had  yon  any  knowleil^e.  hy  riinior  or  otherwise,  iis  to  the  amount  paid  by  Wilson 
to  tlio  persons  on  whose  behalf  these  applications  were  made  ?-  A.  I  heard  nothing 
about  it  except  that  Wilson  said  he  connl  not  afford  to  sell  the  lands  for  h>ss  than  two 
and  a  half  dollars  per  acre,  because  of  the  cost  to  him  of  the  right  of  entry,  but  he  did 
not  .state  to  me  what  he  paid  the  parties  for  that  right. 

Q.  What  facilities  had  Wilson  more  than  yon  or  any  other  m'.in  wlio  wislie.l  to  buy 
land  for  procuring  those  personal  applications  of  tht^  half-breed  .' — A.  He  had  an  exten- 
sive ac(|naintiiiiee  thronghoiit  tin;  State  with  Indian  treaties  and  atiairs.  He  also  had 
time  and  inclination  for  hnnting  up  such  matters,  w-hicli  I  did  not. 
'  Q.  When  you  made  these  purchases  did  Mr.  Wilson  say  that  he  had  made  any  a'j;ree- 
inent  with  any  iiarticnhir  half-breeds  through  whom  he  could  jtrocnre  the  locations  lU'- 
sired  ?— A.  He  said  he  knew  of  half-breeds  whose  right  to  locate  he  could  procure,  lint 
he  did  not  name  any  of  the  parties. 

if,.  Did  you  not  know  that  under  the  terms  of  this  treaty  a  man  and  his  wife  were 
not  Viotli  entitled  to  eighty  acres  of  land.'— .\.  Tliey  might  have  lieeii  at  tin?  lime  ol' 
the  treaty,  anil  afterward  have  married,  but  at  the  time  of  this  agreement  I  knew 
nothing  about  the  parties.     . 

(.}.  How  did  yon  suppose  an  unmarried  female  conld  be  entitled  as  head  of  a  fam- 
ily .' — A.  Tliey  are  entitied  by  the  treaty  if  over  twenty-one  at  the  date  of  the  tre.ity. 

Q.  Did  Mr.  Wilson  at  this  time  say  anything  in  regard  to  the  number  of  half-breeds 
that  were  entitled,  and  whether  the  claims  were  not  pretty  much  all  taken  up.'  —  A.  He 
did  not  mention  to  me  the  nuinlier  of  pi'rs  ins  entitled,  bat  I  tliink  he  niiMitioned  they 
were  getting  scarce. 

<,/.  Do  you  know  of  any  otlu'r  jiartics  that  were  dealimr  in  these  p;'rs>)na!  applications 


re  oihcM'  nersons  dealing 


hesides  .Mr.  Wilson  ?— A.  At  that  ti.ne  I  don't  think  I  did. 

(}.  Did  you  before  or  since  .' — .V.   I  have  sinc<'.  heard  then 
in  them.     I'eter  Uoy.  of  Little  Kails,  sent  down  at  one  time  tliree  applications. 

Q.  Do  you  know  of  Mr.  Wilson  iirocnring  for  other  (tarties  lands  under  these  )ieis(mal 
applications;  and.  if  so,  what  jiarties.  and  when  / — A.  I  did  not  know  then  id' his  mak- 
ing entries  for  other  persons,  and  do  not  now  know  that  he  did.  I  think  lie  told  me  at 
the  time  that  he  was  going  to  make  some  entries  for  himself  under  thesis  applications. 

ynestion  by  K.  1'.  S.  How  long  time  ela[i.sed  hetween  making  these  apidicatioiis  and 
turning  thi'iii  over  to  yon  1' — Answer.  I  am  not  sure,  but  think  it  was  two  months,  or 
two  and  a  half  mouths  from  the  time  I  gave  him  the  descriiitions  of  the  land  to  the 
time  he  came  to  me  with  the  deeds.  I  gave  him  the  miiiutes  for  location  at  the  time 
of  the  memorandum  of  agreement. 

(f.  by  K.  1*.  8.  Is  it  your  understanding  of  the  matter  that,  during  this  two  months 
ami  a  half,  the  half-breeds  hail   been  in   iierson   at   the  land-orticc,  and  located  their 


'M' 


■ill 


*■};;  .■'I 
1  •.•■it- 


•i( 


I, ■..:-■: 


fil'T 


.1  ■.•■■■ 


IV_'::|'f. 


: '  I 
11 1 
I : ! 


296 


CHIPPEWA    HALF-HREEDS    OF    LAKE    SUPERIOR. 


claims  on  the  tracts  (Icsciibed  in  your  minutes  ? — A.  That  was  my  bolii^f  at  that  time, 
and  is  my  heliet"  now. 

Q.  by  K.  1*.  S.  Did  yon  t  \or  see  any  jMiwcr  of  attorney  to  locate  under  these  personul 
applications? — A.  I  don't  think  I  ever  did. 

(/.  by  E.  V.  S.  What  title  did  Mr.  Wilson  j^ive  yon  to  these  lands? — A.  A  <|uit-clainv 
deed.  lie  ajjreed  with  me  to  {•ive  a  warranty-decil  of  that  land,  but  lie  eanie  to  Dr. 
IJntler  when  I  was  away  and  left  a  iinit-claim  deed,  and  ptt  his  moiuiy.  When  I  saw 
Lim  the  next  time,  I  asked  him  if  he  had  left  a  warianty-deed,  and  he  said  he  had. 

(}.  by  E.  P.  8.  What  evulenco  have  you  that  .1.  1'.  Wilson  hail  any  rifjlit  in  those 
lands  ? — A.  He  exhibited  the  deeds  that  were  made  by  the  half-breeds  to  him. and  nlso 
cert ilicates  from  the  re;fister  of  the  land-oflice  that  those  parties  had  made  locations 
upon  those  jiarticnlar  lands,  and  that  is  the  way  he  fooled  Dr.  Hutler. 

().  by  E.  P.  S.  Have  yon  tho.se  deeds,  or  were  they  recorded  in  theortice  of  th.e  rejjis- 
ter  of  deeds  ? — A.  I  don't  know  whether  we  have  them  or  not.  They  were  all  recorded 
at  Little  Falls.  I  went  to  Little  Falls  and  examined  the  records,  and  found  them  all 
recorded. 

i}.  by  E.  P.  S.  Were  these  deeds  executed  by  the  half-breeds  themselves,  or  throuj^U 
an  attorney  ? — A.  I  don't  know. 

(The  coi»y  of  the  aureemeni  with  Mr.  Wilson,  referred  to  above,  and  also  the  certili- 
cate  from  the  land-olllce,  is  hereunto  attacheil.     8ee  \o.  154.) 

i}.  .State  what  you  know  of  locations  claimed  Ity  Henry  T.  Welles  in  township  141, 
ran<;e  32,  located  under  certilicates  numbered  as  follows:  Nos.  (iO, 7n.  :{3, 21,r>.'),  104,li.">, 
U'J,  ami  10;j;  also,  Ut!,  :54,:2lt, '<J"^,  :!!•,  "JO.'and  4:5. — A.  I  know  that  they  were  made  uii(ter 
ex)dorations  made  by  myself  or  by  persons  under  my  em)>loy,  and  I  think  I  nuule  the 
locations  for  him  also.  Mr.  Welles  paid  me  for  makinj;  the  ex|>lorations,  and  1  think 
the  locations.  Ho  said  he  would  yive  me  one-third  of  the  proceeds  or  jtrolits  on  t!ic 
lan<ls  when  they  were  sold.  As  to  the  value  of  these  lands,  1  should  place  theui  at 
about  >f\iSM  per  acre.  The  timber  is  very  good,  but  they  are  on  snuiU  streams  and  re- 
mote, which  would  make  the  diivinjj  of  io;;s  expensive. 

i}.  In  view  of  the  rapid  increase  of  the  value  of  pine,  are  not  these  lands  worth  a 
gnat  deal  nujre  money  at  this  time  than  yon  have  stated  .'—A.  Well,  if  thv  title  was 
l>erfect,  I  suppose,  they  would isell  for  )jd  j)er  acre. 

Cojty  of  (III  ayrcctiu'iit  hrlwitii  J.  P.  Wilion,  of  Suiiit  Cloud,  dud  T.  B,   Waller,  of  Miii- 

mujiolis. 

This  article  of  ajirccnu-nt,  made  and  entered  into  this  I'.lih  day  of  April.  A.  1).  1"'70, 
by  and  between  J.  P.  Wilson,  of  .Saint  Cloud,  Minn.,  party  of  the  lirst  part,  and  T.  1!. 
Walker,  of  Minneapolis,  Minn.,  party  of  the  second,  bears  witness  that  the  aforesaid 
J.  P.  Wilson,  party  of  the  lirst  part,  does  hereby  covenant  and  ajj;reo  to  locate,  adjust, 
ami  perfect  titles  to  the  followinjj-described  tracts  of  land,  to  wit : 

The  west  half  of  northeast  (juarter  of  secth)n  "2,  townshii)  5.")  north,  ran<>e  2t). 

The  southwest  (luarter  of  northeast  quarter  and  northwest  of  southeast  (puirter,  sec- 
tion lit,  township  oo  north,  ranj^e  26. 

The  south  half  southeast  <|uarter,  section  3,  township  1)4  north,  ranffe  25. 

The  mntheast  quarter  of  southeast  quarter  and  southeast  (pnirter  of  northeast  qiuir- 
ter.  section  3,  township  i"i4  north,  raiij^e  20. 

The  southeast  (pnirter  of  southwest  quarter,  and  southwest  quarter  of  southeast 
quarter,  section  10,  township  iJ4  north,  rani^e  2."). 

The  south  half  of  uiu'theast  quarter,  section  35,  township  54  north,  raufjfe  25. 

The  east  half  of  southeast  qmirter,  section  35,  township  54  north,  ranjfe  25. 

The  west  half  of  northwest  (pnirter,  section  5,  townshii>  54  nortli,  ran}>e  25. 

Tin;  east  half  of  northeast  <iuarter,  section  3U,  township  54  north,  ranj^o  25. 

Tiie  southwest  (iinuter  of  southeast  quarter,  section  1,  township  54  nortli,  ranj^e  25, 

The  northwest  ([uarter  of  northeast  (juarter,  section  12,  townshij)  54,  ranj^e  25. 

The  north  half  of  northeast  quarter,  section  18,  township  5(i  north,  range  25. 

The  aforesaid  party  of  the  lirst  part  does  further  agree  that  ho  will  convey,  with 
warranty-deed,  from  the  half-breed  personally,  or  their  properly  appointed  attcu'uey  in 
fact,  a  good  and  sntlicient  title  to  the  above-described  lands  unto  the  said  F.  H.  Walker, 
or  his  heirs  or  assigns,  the  said  lantls  to  be  located  immediately,  and  titles  perfected 
within  a  reasonable  time,  or  as  soon  as  it  can  reasonably  be  done,  and  conveyed  to  said 
Walker  as  soon  as  such  titles  can  be  iierfected. 

The  said  T.  B.  Walker,  ]iarty  of  the  second  part,  does  hereby  covenant  and  agree  to 
pay  to  said  party  of  the  lirst  i>art  the  sum  of  two  dollars  and  lil'ty  cents  (.•>2.5t))  per 
nere  for  the  above  lauds  upon  delivery  to  him  of  gooil  ami  sulHcient  warranty-deeds  of 
the  same. 

Jjigned  in  presence  ol' — 

J.  P.  WILSON. 
I".  U.  WALKKK. 


t.    U'alhei;  of  Mill- 


CHIPPEWA   HALF-BREEDS    OF    LAKE    SUPERIOR. 


297 


*  This  rtKieeniciit  rowts  n])oii  the  condition  thiit  tlie  Chippewa  personal  applications 
made  for  the  entry  oi' the  within-desciihed  lands  shall  be  ailowtnl  to  be  good  by  the 
Interior  Department ;  otherwise  it  is  not  bindiii}:. 

*  Received,  Saint  Clond,  April  lit,  ]r*'(),  of  T.  JJ.  Walker,  the  sum  of  live  dollars,  us 
part  payment  on  the  within-described  lands. 

Copy  of  vertijkvfe.  I 

I,  Charles  A.  Gilniaii.  register  of  the  United  States  land-oftice  at  Saint  Clond.  Mmn., 
do  hereby  certify  that  the  followinfi-dt\seribed  tracts  of  land  were  selected  at  the  Saint 
Clond  land-ottice  by  the  i)erson8'  names  set  opposite  t<i  each  particular  tractt,  viz,  under 
the  j)rovisions  of  the  treaty  of  September  ;10,  l'r,")4,  between  the  United  States  and  the 
Chippewa  Indians : 

John  Baptiste  (Jenlett,  east  half  northeast  (juarter,  section  ;iO,  township  r)4,  range  25, 
SO  acres. 

Edwaril  Wells,  jr.,  southwest  <iuarter  of  northeast  ([uarter  and  northwest  ([Uarter  of 
southeast  (inarter  section  l'.»,  township  .'>.'>,  range  "Jii.  -^i*  acres. 

Moise  Itocett,  east  iialf  southeast  unarter,  section  '.\'>,  township  .">4.  range  'iri.  f?0  acres. 

Gilbert  Helleiiiiiird,  south  half  southeast  (juarter,  section  ;i,  township  34,  range  '27\, 
80  acres. 

Sophia  Uelle<iuard,  lots  2  and  :!  of  section  2.  township  .">,  range  2(5,  Co.  10  acres. 

Charles  Swan,  south  half  of  northeast  quarter,  section  :!■">.  township  .'i4,  range  25,  80 
rtlres. 

Isabella  Aniiste,  northeast  ((iiarter  southeast  quarter,  and  southeast  ([uarter  north- 
east tiuarter,  se(-tion  :'>,  township  .">4,  range  2."),  .»(l  acres. 

Charles  lloule,  north  half  northeast  <inarter,  section  l"*,  township  ,'(),  range  25,  80 
acres. 

Eliza  Houle,  north  half  northwest  i|uarter,  section  5,  township  54.  range  25,  7D.91 
acres. 

Louis  Lanibesse,  soutiieast  (inarter  southwest  f|uarter  and  southwest  (inarter  south- 
east ((Uarter,  section  111.  township  .54,  rangt;  25,  rtd  acres. 

J(din  Baptiste  Cherette,  southwest  ((Uarter  southeast  ([Uarter,  section  I,  northwest 
(jnarter  northeast  (piarter  section  12,  township  54,  range  25,  8(i  acres. 

I  also  certify  that  said  locations  were  made  in  accordance  with  iustructious  received 
from  the  Commissionei'  of  the  (Jeueral  Land-Oilice. 

Saint  Cloud,  September  ;5,  l.STO. 

C.  A.  GILMAX,  liiijiHkr. 

Joiix  B.  Git.FiM.ix,  being  first  by  me  duly  sworn,  deposes  as  follows  : 
My  residence  is  iu  Minneajiolis,  East ;  age,:?*  years;  an  attorney  at  law.     I  claim 
to  be  interested  to  the  extent  of  a  one-third  interest  in  the  following-described  lauds, 
located  undtu' Chii»pe\va  half-bi'eed  scrip,  being  the  same  descriptions  referred  to  iu 
testimony  of  S.  W.  Farnhiim.    (See2(i0.) 

(Question.  State  all  you  know  in  regard  to  locations  atid  i>urchase  of  these  lands  — 
Answer.  Mr.  Wintluop  Young,  Benjamin  Keeiie,  and  myself  were  the  parties  originally 
interested,  and  who  procured  the  lands  to  be  explored,  and  the  scrip  to  be  located  upon  it. 
We  found  the  scrip  in  the  hands  of  Messrs.  Thompson,  bankers,  in  Saint  Paul.  A  small 
liortion  of  it  we  bought  of  Dawson,  Berry  &  Co.,  bankers.  Saint  Paul.  Tiiey  claimed 
to  be  the  owners  of  it,  and  had  it  iu  their  possessi(ui,  or  perhajts  to  bo  the  agents  of 
the  original  scripee.  At  any  rate,  they  claimed  to  have  th(>  control  of  it  and  the  full 
right  to  sell  it  as  agents  or  owners.  This  was  in  the  month  of  .June  or  July,  181)0.  I 
cannot  reim;mbi.'r  the  circumstances  of  the  transaction.  These  bankers  also  had  the 
usual  powers  of  attorney  for  locating  tiie  Hcrip  ami  conveying  the  land.  These  powers 
were  executed  by  the  scripees.  They  were  separate  instruments,  one  for  locating  the 
land,  the  other  for  conveying  the  laiul.  The  scrip  and  the  powers  of  attorney  were 
sold  and  delivered  to  us  for  a  consiilerati(Ui,  i)aid  in  money  liy  us  at  the  time.  For 
numbers  7:{  I),  and  17  C,  and  1  (',  and  158  C,  we  paid  at  the  rate  of  s2.75  per  acre  to 
Dawson.  Berry  \  Co.  The  balance  of  the  thirteen  pieces  we  bought  of  Thomps(»u 
Bros,  at  the  First  National  Bank.  Saint  Paul,  al;  the  rate  of  sH  per  acre,  paid  iu  cash  at 
the  time.  This  scrip  was  located  .Inly  2ii  and  21,  IHliO,  at  Saint  Cloud.  We  took  the 
scrip  and  caused  it  to  be  located  on  the  several  tracts  as  described  in  tin,'  mini\tes  of 
testimony  of  S.  W.  Farnham,  as. just  resid  to  me.  The  lands  were  afterward  conveyed 
under  the  jiowers  of  attorney  to  Mr.  Young  and  myself  by  warranty-deeds  in  the 
usual  form,  which  appears  of  record  in  the  oliice  of  the  register  of  deeds  in  the  proper 
county.  The  powers  of  attorney  wen^  also  recorded  there.  We  liought  the  scrip  iu 
go<  d  fiith,  supposing  that  we  were  getting  fomethiug  of  value  from  the  real  and  e(ini- 
tal  le  owners  of  the  scrip,  and  that  it  would  secure  to  us  the  clear  and  undoubted  title 
to  )be  lamls  upon  which  they  might  be  located  in  fee-simple.  At  the  tinu;  the  lands 
weie  c  uiveyed  to  Mr,  Younu'  and  mvself  we  irave  Mr.  Keau  a  bond  lor  a  deed  to  one- 

*  This  was  writteu  ou  the  luaryiu  ol  tlo  origiuiil  agreement. 


■i 


■     *^11 


.-■;    .     _  t  , 


/Hi  • 


-■  li"''', 


w 


,>,■ 


208 


CIIII'I'KWA    HALl'-llKKKDS    OF    LAKE    St'l'KHIOU, 


tliiril  inti'i'i'Ht  in  tlif  laiiil  to  Ix'  cDnvcycil  to  liiiii  iipxi  tlio  )i;iyint>nt  of  ii  (M'ltaiii  isuni 
whitli  lie  iilti  rwiinl  )i:iiil.  Siil>H<'(|iiciiily,  itt  ivlial  iMrtiMc  tiiiic  I  ('iiiinot  Hlarc  Mr. 
Kcaii  anil  Mi'.  Voiiii>;noIiI  and  I'onsc.vrd  tlirir  I  wit-tliirdM  inti'ii'.si  to  randiani  iiuil  Kovf- 
, joy,  this  lirni  |iayiiin  to  Ymin;;  and  Kcan  tlio  money  that  tlicy  had  advanced  I'oiihe 
Meiiit  and  lor  siiiveyinn  ||ie  laud  and  for  all  otheiesitenses  eoiineeted  with  the  linsines-i 
and  twelve  |iei' cent.  intereNi  jier  annnni.  and,  I  think,  a  small  honns;  do  not  know 
how  nnii'li.  Iiiil  it  was  small.  I  think  llwy  |i.ii(l  loilhis  two-ihirils  interest  not  tar 
from  .S">,l'<'ii,  I'liiin  relleetion,  I  think  it  was  a  little  less  than  s.'i.i'i'il,  hnt  eaiinot  stale 
)iositively  ;  and  they  are  the  pleseiit  owners,  so  tai'  as  I  know,  ot'  these  t  wo-tliii'ds.  I 
elaiin  to  lie  ihe  owner  ot'  my  oiie-thiid  orijiinal  iaierest  I  h.i\e  with  me  the  oiii_riM;!l 
Miemoranda  of  the  imrehase  of  'rhompson  A   ISros.  at  l''irst  N.itional    itank,  in  Hiiti.     I 


understood  at  the  time  that  it  was  the  nsnal  wav  of  making  t  itii'  toiands  loeated  w 


ith 


thiskind  of  serip.and  that  it  was  a  )iraeiieesaiieiioneil  and  aiithori/ed  .ind  eni'i>iii'aL;ei| 
liy  the  hepartment  of  the  Inteiiorand  the  ollieers  of  the  liovernment,  and  that  they 
were  issninn  patents  tor  lands  loeated  in  this  way,  ami  Inid  lieeii  sk  issiiinit  tliein  with 
out  oli.jeetion.     I   did   not  entertain  a  doiiht   or  siispieicni   hnt  that  we  should   ^ei   oar 


title.      I   knew  of  thousands  iif  aeres  that  were  lieili;. 

rip  was  wi 


]iosed  we  were  pa.\  inu  .it  the  time  all  t,h 
to  ii»  over  aH;ain.  I  wonid  not  touch  it. 

(,».  Where  did  vou  and  Mr.  Kean  and   Mi'.  Voiin 


i'i|iiii 


'd  in  this  wav.     \Vi 


rth,  iiiid  think  SK  yet.      If  it  was 

■side  in  l~tlii.  and  what  was  yonr 
business? — \.  We  all  resided  at  ."sainf  Anthony.  1  was  ennaucd  in  praetieiny;  law, 
makiiiir  what  little  money  I  could,  and  invi'sted  it  in  real  estate,  hecanse  I  thoii;;'ht  Li, 
more  secnro,  and  willi  the  view  to  a  secure  investment  I  IioiimIiI  this  sciiji.  Mr.  Vouiii,'- 
wa.s  eiijjajjed  somewhat  in  the  Imiihei' husine.ss.  also  .Mr.  Kean.  at  the  time,  and  were 
desirous  of  securing;  additional  pine-lands  to  (iromote  their  liiniheriii;;  interests,  and 
they  lirst  called  my  attention  to  this,  and  asked  me  to  >;o  into  it  for  the  reason  (hat 
Ihey  had  not  the  reiidy  money  for  the  investment. 

(}.  I[ow  lonjt  lU'evioiisly  had  you  resided  .-if  Saint  .\nthoiiy,  and  how  lonjx  had  yoa 
hpen  enj;aj;ed  in  practice  of  law  .' — A.  [  had  lived  there  since  l-^.'i7,  a'-  .  hiw-stndent 
until  It'titt,  and  was  in  practice  al'ter  that.  This  is  the  lirst  and  only  investment,  of  this 
kind  I  ever  made. 

Q.  JIad  you.  jirevious  to  thfs  time,  read  the  tr«'aty  under  \vh  (  h  these  Cliiiipcwa 
half-breeds  derived  a  linht  tothe.se  lands? — .\.  I  never  read  it  until  last  winter  or 
sprinff.  My  information  was  derived  mostly  fnnn  ini|niries  made  at  th(>  time  of  the 
IMirchase  of  tlit>  .scrip. 

(j.  Canyon  furnish  copies  of  the  .scriji.  and  of  the  ]»o\vers  ot  attorney,  now  .'—A. 
The  scrip.  I  suppose,  has  been  returned  to  the  (Jeiieral  Land-*  >lliee.  The  powers  of 
attorney  are  upon  record.     I  can  i;et  copies  ot'  those  and  of  the  conveyances. 

i}.  Itid  not  these  eertitieates  contain  a  cliinse  of  the  treaty  seciirinj;  lands  to  the 
Clii|))>ewa  half-breeds  of  Like  Superior.' — A.  I  do  not  remember.  I  have  not  seen 
this  scrip  since  it  was  located,  in  Irtid.  nor  have  I  seen  any  pieces  of  similar  scrip,  and 
do  not  remember  the  form  of  it. 

*.).  Do  yon  not  know  that  the  certilieafes  contained  the  statement  that  they  were 
not  assi>;nable,  and  that  no  rijiht  under  them  could  bt>  assijjned  or  traiiNfened.  and 
that  the  patent  issued  under  the  saint!  would  mure  to  the  benelit  of  the  half-brceils 
named  therein,  or  their  heirs  and  to  no  one  else,  and  that  the  ob.ject  of  the  eertitieates 
wasonl.v  to  identity  the  persons  entitled  .' — A.  I  do  not  know  whether  I  read  the  ci'r- 
tilicales  carel'nlly.  I  cannot  now  recall  a  siiinle  provisimi  of  any  of  the  eertilicates.  I 
knew  at   the  time  that  people  <;eneraily  were  seciiriiijij  titles  under  powers  of  attorney. 


and   fiillv  believed  a 


d  title  could  he  saved  in  that  wav.     I  do  not  now  rememln 


whether  I  knew  fully  jit  the  time  the  provisions  ol  the  scrip.     This  was  previous  to  any 
controversy,  so  far  as  1  knew,  respeetinj;'  this  charaL'ter  (d'  scrip,  and  we  did  scriitini/e 


M'lill 


V  as  we  won 


Id  h; 


>lie  at  a  later  dav. 


li>.  .Siipposin^:;  the  eertitieates  to  have  contaiiied  the  iirovisions  stated  in  the  last 
i|nestion,  what  rinht  or  title  do  yon  say.  as  a  lawyer,  was  it  i>ossible  for  yon  to  aci|iiire 
bv  the  )Mircliase  in  the  manner  before  stated  .' — \.  1  think  the  title  would  becomeyeil 
by  the  iiovernment  to  the  half-breed,  and  innie  to  ns  by  virtue  of  the  conveyance  exe- 
cuted under  the  power  of  attorney. 

(.).  As  I  nnderstand  it,  the  eertitieates  or  scrip  which  yon  received  upon  tlieinirchase 
ilid  not  ilescribe  any  partu'iilar  piece  of  land,  and.  tiierefore.  the  half-breed  at  the  time 
had  uo  title,  leijal  or  eiiuitahle,  to  any  tract  of  land.  C\>uld  lie.  then,  convey  any  title, 
leu;al  or  eiinitalde,  to  any  trtict  of  land,  or  make  any  transfer  whatever,  except  tiie 
transfer  of  the  papers  which  yon  rcceiM'd  '! — A.  I  suppose  a  power  of  attorney  to  con- 
vey land  was  siilhcient  to  convey  land  siibseinii'iitly  acquired  :  and,  as  I  understand  it, 
these  powers  of  attorney  I'et'erred  to  the  eertitieates  of  scrip  by  their  numbers,  and  to 
the  treaty  nnilcr  which  they  were  issued,  andanthori/ed  thi'  cimveyance  of  sinli  land  as 
mii;ht  be  loeated  ov  aei|uired  under  tlii'  described  certitieate  or  .serin  ;  and  even  if  tlu' 
conveyance  antedated  the  issue  of  the  patent.  I  don't  know  hnt  the  title  would  iiinit 
to  our  beiietit  by  estoppel  as  soon  as  the  patent  should  lie  issued  to  the  half-breed. 


l,».  I  don't  think  yen  answer  my  iinestion.     What  I 


to  k 


now  IS,  w 


hat  title  or 


on. 

<>f  II  (M  rtjiiii  Miiiii 
illllliK  sliitr.  Ml', 
iiliaiii  iiiiil  l.ov.'. 
tlvaiiccd  liii'  I  111' 
villi  rlit'  liiisiiK'Ni 
x:  ilo  not  kimw 
iiMci'i'Mi  iidi  r,ii- 
ml  (Miiiior  stall' 
*i'  l\V(i-|liii'i|s.  I 
I  iiic  till'  origin;, 1 
t:inl\,  ill  l-^rii'i.  I 
Ills  lociitt'il  Willi 
ami  t'ni'iiiir;iL;('(| 

I.  llIliI    tlial   llicy 
iiiii^'  llicin  witji 
slioiild   !i'('i   our 
1  way.     We  siip- 
K  ,Vt't.      If  it  was 

I  what  was  yinir 
IM'ai'iiciujj  law, 
iiiNc  I  tlii)U!;'lii  a 
rip.  Mr.  Vmiinr 
•  time,  anil  wnc 
IK  iiitcrt'sts,  anil 
the  rt-asim  ilmt 

nv  loiiji  liati  yoii 
V-  .  Ia\v-stu(i('iit 
ivustiiu'iit  lit' I  his 

tlifsc  C'lii|i|ii'\va 
il  last  winiiT  or 
:  the  tiiiit'  of  thu 

iinicy,  now  .' — A. 
The   iiinvi'is  of 

lllCl'S. 

liji  laiiils  to  the 
liavn  not  stM'ii 
iiilar  scrip,  anil 

that  thi'y  wimi- 

tfansfiM'ii'il,  ami 

the  hall'-lirciMls 

tilt'  fiM'tilicati's 

I  icail   till'  cor- 

c'fi'tilii'ati's.     I 

riTs  ofattDriii'V. 

I  iiiiw  rcini'inlii'r 

Itri'viims  to  any 

■f  (lilt  sci'iitiiii/.i' 

itt'il  ill  till'  las; 
r  yon  to  aciiiiiic 
ilil  lit'  t'omt'vi'il 
.'iinvi'yani'i'  t'xi'- 

lon  tlii>]inn'liast' 
it'i'il  at  thf  tinic 
nivt'y  any  titii', 

'Vfl',  ('Xt't'|lt     till' 

attoiiu'y  to  coii- 
I  niitlt'i'stanil  it, 
inniht'i's,  anil  to 
lit'  siii'li  lanil  as 
iiitl  I'Vt'ii  it'  till' 
fit'  wtiiilil  iniMi 

half-lirt'ftl. 
is,  what  titli'  or 


CHIPPEWA    HALF-HRKEDS    OK    LAKE    SUPERIOR. 


200 


rijjlit  yiiii  siipiiosn  pnHsi'd  hy  tin-  |»iir<'lnisn  iiiiulii  rnini  tlio  li.ilf-lirt'cil,  or  what  rij;lit  or 
titli^  till'  piTNoii  (li-aliii^  with  thf  halfhit'cil  iiolil  pri'\  ions  to  isMiiiii};  of  the  ]iiiti'nt  '— 
A.  1  Hiipposi'tl  IIk^it  wiiH  an  iiicliiiatc  ri^lit  or  titlt^  wliii'li  woiilil  luictniii' pi'rl'iii^fi'tl  in 
course  111'  tiiiii'.  and  that  we  wen-  in  c(|nity  Hiiliroj^ated  to  all  the  rinlilM  of  tht;  hiilf- 
liret'd  to  any  laiitl  lie  nii^lit  h<^  entitled  to  iMider  tlit<  treaty  ;  and  that  the  powers  of 
Bttorney  aceoinpanyiiiK  I  lie  certiliciites  would  secure  to  ns  in  the  iMid  a  eoiiiplutu  title, 
both  li'iral  and  et|iiitalile. 

(,».  W'eitHho  powers  of  attorney  execnteil  in  hlank  .'  I  mean  was  the  name  of  th« 
)iersi>ii  authori/.ed  to  make  the  i^oiiveyaiice  wi'itteii  in  the  iiistniinent,  or  was  there  a 
lilaiik  let't  for  the  iiiiine  to  lie  siilisei|iiently  inserted  ? — A.  Tiie  iiaiiie  was  notwritleii  in 
the  power,  but  a  blank  was  left  for  the  iiaine  to  bt^  inserted. 

(/.  Is  it '. our  nnderstaiiilinii  that  such  a  power  was  of  any  validity  until  the  name 
was  wi'itten  in  by  the  party  makiii<i;  tliti  powtir  or  by  iinollit^r  in  his  pn.'s.Miee  or  in  pnr- 
snance  of  authority  y;iven  by  him  luidor  sif^iiet  t — A.  It  mij;lit  depend  upon  circiiin- 
staiices.  In  respect  to  the  powers  in  i|iit'stion,  tliei'tt  was  always  authority  aecoinpa- 
nyiii);  them,  as  I  unilerstood  it,  either  t'\|iresHe<l  <ir  implied,  to  till  up  the  blanks  when 
it  should  become  nciu'ssary  to  list;  them,  so  as  to  make  them  availalile.  .Some  of  tlu) 
half-bicctls  with  whom  1  have  conversed  .seemed  to  nniler.stantl  it  in  that  way. 

(^.  Is  it  yonr  understantUn;;  that  a  deed  iince  tb'livt^retl  <'an  be  altered  or  addetl  to  by 
(illiiij;  blanks  or  otherwise,  except  under  an  authority  as  hi^li  as  would  be,  reiiuiriMl  to 
execute  thetleed  itself? — A.  I  think  it  iiiiy;ht  under  ctu'taiu  cii'ciimstanct;s  so  as  to  bind 
Jjie  partitas  to  it.  however  it  mi>;lit  be  witli  ro.spi^ct  to  third  parties. 

<./.  ])oii't  you  know,  a.s  ti  lawyttr,  that  it  is  a  ^reneral  ruitt  that  the  lillin;r  of  blanks  in 
a  tleed,  after  its  execution,  exce|»t  in  piU'suauet!  of  authority  under  seal,  is  re<;ardi'd  as 
an  alteration  which  will  vitiate  the  instrument  ?— A.  It  is,  aBUgeiicial  rule.  There  is 
no  doubt  about  the  general  rule. 

(;.  Can  you  refer  to  any  le^al  principle  wiiicli  di.stin}i;»i'*liP't  <••'  withdraws  the  jiowor 
uiitler  which  you  hold  from  the,  operation  of  this  fjeneral  rule  i — A.  I  think  there  are 
exceptional  cases,  where  the  doctrine  of  e(|uitablo  estoppel  would  iuterpo.sc  and  with- 
draw the  case  from  the  operation  of  the  rule,  as  in  this  ease  ;  wliero  the  lialf-brtHid  has 
rec«!ived  in  money  all  that  his  seriji  and  his  I'ijjhts  iindtir  the  treaty  were  worth,  nml 
had  jjiven  jiowers  of  attorney  in  blank,  with  autlnirit.y  to  till  them  up  nml  execute 
them  antl  deliver  them,  it  seems  to  me  they  would  be  ijood  as  betweiiii  the  jiarties, 
when  they  inifrht  not  be  good  if  the  rights  of  innocents  or  third  party  sboultl  inter- 
vene. 

C^.  Was  it  not  your  uiiderstaiulin;?  that  these  powersof  nttovnoy,  liUo  all  others,  were 
revocable  at  the  pleasure  o'  the  jiarty  makin<rthem  ? — A.  It  was. 

t^.  Where,  in  your  ,j<ultfiuent  as  a  lawyer,  would  a  chancellor  tiiid  the  otpiity  of  a 
jiarty  whose  only  claim  vas  the  assi<j;ment  «if  a  paper  which  on  its  face  expressly  de- 
clared, to  save  the  half-breed  from  wronjj;  and  loss,  that  it  was  not  assi^jnable  or  trans- 
ferable.'— A.  I  do  not  know  of  any  law  forbidding  such  a  sale  or  transfer  as  I  have  de- 
scribed ;  aiitl  after  the  Jiarties  to  the  sale  and  purchase  have  entered  into  it,  ami  the 
money  has  ]iassed,  I  don't  know  why  eiiuity  and  gootl  conscience  should  not  retiuire  the 
liartios  to  stand  to  it.  For  instance,  take  a  deedof  lantl  which  is  unassignable  in  itself, 
as  much  so  as  if  theclause  in  ijuestion  was  inserted  in  it ;  still,  if  the  owner  should  still 
the  lantl,  receive  the  pnrcha.se-money,  autl  give  possession  of  the  land,  and  the  parties, 
in  their  ignorance  or  through  inadvertence,  slioultl  execute  an  assignment  of  tleed  iii- 
8tt!ad  of  a  conveyance,  it  seems  to  me  a  court  of  eipilt.v  woultl  interpose  ami  complete 
the  tr.'insaction,  and  enforce  a  conveyance  as  between  the  parties. 

i).  1  do  not  .see  the  apidicability  of  the  case  stated  to  the  matter  in  (niestion.  You 
have  referretl  to  the  ease  of  a  ptU'sou  being  the  owner  of  a  i»artieiilar  tract  of  land, 
with  full  cajiacity  to  sell  ami  convey  the  same,  who  has  niatle  a  parol  iigreenu'iit,  rt;- 
ceived  his  piirchasi'-miiney,  ami  placed  the  i)iircliaser  in  possession.  This  the  law  rt;- 
gartls  as  in  part  extu'iiting  a  contract,  which  witlitlraws  it  from  the  operation  of  the 
statutes  of  franils  and  entitles  the  party, to  relief  in  the  court  of  et|iiity;  while  the 
case  we  are  dealing  with  is  that  of  a  party  who  owns  tin  iiarticular  tract  of  land  what- 
ever attempting  to  make  eoiitracts  to  convey,  without  any  description  ami  against  the 
declaration  t>f  the  government  iimler  which  the  right  to  locate  laud  is  claimetl. — A.  I 
do  not  see  as  it  changes  the  nature  of  the  eiiuitit!s  between  the  parties,  whether  thti 
seller  has  in  fact  aci|nired  the  title  or  suhseiiuently  aci(uires  it,  if  he  places  himstdf  in 
the  same  position  with  reference  to  it.  If  he  makt^s  a  bimling  contract  for  the  .salt;  of 
laml  that  he  tloesnot  own,  it  may  be  enforced  as  soon  as  he  becomes  owner  of  it  ;  or  if 
he  gives  a  warraiity-tleetl  of  lantl  that  he  tloes  not  own,  but  snbsei|neiitly  aci|iiii'es,  it 
immetliately  inures  to  the  grantee.  I  don't  know  what  ett'ect  woultl  be  given  to  such 
a  tleclaration  by  the  tJuvernmeiit. 

t/.  Is  it  your  understantling,  as  a  lawyer,  that  a  contract  to  convey  lands  that  are  not 
tlescribetl,  and  whose  location  is  not  known,  antl  to  which  the  jiarty  contracting  t »  make 
the  conveyance  has  not  title  legal  or  et|iiitable,caii  be  eiiforcetl  by  any  process  known 
to  a  court  of  etpiity  t — A.  I  do  not  know  as  it  can,  but  if  a  power  of  attorney  is  given 
to  convey  any  tiact  of  lantl  that  might  be  aciiiiiretl  from  a  s[ieeitied  source,  ami  a  deed  is 


■     ■■!• 


4  ' 


ifi^)" 


>':■    f 

f.' 

:'-\  .n 


}n 


I 


300 


IIIHTEWA    llALl-MKKKDS    OF    LAKK    SIJPKKIOK. 


ul'li'iwiiiil  ){ivt>n  ill  |»iiis\iiiiifi>  of  ilu>  iiowi-r,  ami  while  it  was  in  full  I'oni',  il  simmiis  to 
iiii<  it  woiiltl  liolil  valid. 

<).  Tlu'ii,  if  I  iiiiilciHtaiitl  von,  yon  do  not  siiiniosi^  tliat  if  afli-r  or  l>i<lon«  ilio  |>iifi'iii 
Mlioiild  isMiio  to  tli)>  liall-lii't'fd  fortlni  lands  to  wliicli  lii>  slionld  li(>  entitled,  the  in'isiiii 
iiaiiii'd  as  attorney  should   icfiiso  to  iiiako  the  convc.vaiice,  and  t!i*>  half-hrord  slioiiJd 


revoke  the  power,  yon  would  have  any  riyht  tocoiniiel  the  eonveyaneo  to  lie  made 
A.  1  do  not   know  what   wonld  he  our  hest    leniedy.     We  should  have   to  take  our 
t'liaiiees. 

i).  Yon  have  statetl  in  a  t'oniier  answer  that  the  (ioverninent  sanetioned  and  «'ueour- 
a;;ed  the  proeuieineiit  of  titles  in  the  inaniiei'  ahuve  deserilted.  Will  ytin  .state  any  in- 
stances that  you  have  known,  ^ivin>;  the  names  of  the  olHeeis  thi'ou;;'li  whom  tlit«(io\ 
erniiieiit  eneoiira^fed  the  hall-hreeds  in  at(ein|itin;;'  to  make  sales  of  their  interests  hy 
transfer  ot'  the  eertitieates  ami  theexeention  of  Idank  powers  of  attorney,  as  mentioned 
ill  your  testiimmy  .' — A.  I  havt>  no  personal  knowledjjein  regard  to  the  matter,  hut  m\ 
inftu'iiiatimi  was  hearsay  evidence.  In  reirard  to  the  location  of  this  land,  I  di<>  not  at- 
tend to  it  in  )>erson.  >lr.  Kean.  one  of  the  parties  interested,  did  the  hnsiness  at  the 
land-oillee.  Nor  have  I  any  knowledge  as  to  what  th(>  halflneeds  received  lor  their 
lights  ill  the  certificates. 

.1.  n.  (il!,KILLAN. 


Nti.  T. 

MAltl.iiX  Hi.M'K,  heiiis  ^*y  ""'  '"'■*'  <l"l.v  atliniieil.  (h'i>itses  as  follows  ; 

My  residence  is  .Minneapidis;  ay;e  is  lit'ty-two  years:  occupation  is  surxeyiu;;  and 
oxamiiiin>;  lands:  have  been  en;;ii<;eil  in  that  business  in  Minnesota  and  Wisconsin 
wince  the  year  IS  17. 

Q.  State  what  tipp(U'tuuiti<>s  you  hav(>  hail  of  beeomini>  aei|uainted  with  the  chiirac- 
ttu' and  value  of  pine-lauds  on  the  Mississippi  K'iver  ami  tributary  streams  in  tht>  State 
vt'  Minnesota. — A.  1  have  been  select inj";  lands  for  parlies  who  liav<>  been  heavy  ptir- 
ehivsers  in  the  waters  «>f  Sntike  Kiver,  (iroiiud-lloiise  K'iver,  Iviini  River  and  its  trilin- 
turies,  I'iiie  Kiver,  and  on  the  Mississippi  Kiver  as  hij^h  iiji  as  the  ceded  lands  extend 
on  that  river,  nior*-  or  less  sinct>  lS."i-|. 

i).  (.'an  you  stated  what,  in  the  spring  of  HTl.  was  tlie  value  of  y;ood  averay;e  ]iiiie- 
lands  per  acre,  say  in  the  county  of  I'ass,  on  the  Mississippi  Kiver,  or  its  tribntiiiics 
reasonably  convenient  to  streams  snitabit!  for  loir-drivinj;  ? — .\.  That  would  depend 
upon  the  location,  measurably,  of  the  lands,  even  within  the  limits  meutioned  in  your 
<|Uestioii. 

(},  Have  you  the  moans  of  knowinjj  at  the  time  indicated  the  value  of  pine-lands 
about  or  in  the  vicinity  of  roke;rauia  Lake,  near  tjie  Mississippi  Kiver  '!  If  so,  ymi 
may  state  what  their  value  was,  and  the  facts  upon  whicli  yon  base  your  opinion. — 
A.  That  is  the  best  pine  country  (I  speak  of  the  iinality  of  the  pine)  wi^  have  now  in 
the  State,  and  1  have  .seen  all  tlie  pine  re;;ioiis  of  the  State,  respectively.  The  nuan- 
tity  of  jiiiie  upon  these  lands  is  not  as  <;reat  as  there  is  or  has  Ih^cii  in  some  other  dis- 
trij'ts.  The  facilities  t'or  driving  would  be  as  jjood  from  l*oke>raina  as  from  any  other 
]dace  ill  the  State.  I  should  say  that  s<">«l  pine-lands  in  that  vicinity  would  be  worth 
!?!('  per  acre  at  the  time  iiientioned  ;  that  \v(Mild  be  a  reasonable  valuation. 

Q.  What,  in  your  Jndfjiiieiit,  could  the  "stuiiipa;j;e"  of  such  lamls  be  sold  for  jier 
1,0lI0  feet  in  the  siuiiig  of  lirTl  .' — A.  It  could  have  been  .sold  readilv  for  !<'2.'M  per  l,IM»il 
feet. 

().  What,  ill  your  judgment,  wcnild  be  the  value  of  selected  pine-liind  in  the  follow- 
ing townships  and  rang(> .' — A.  I  should  put  the  lands  .selected  in  township  ;">"),  range 
;;.'(5,  at  §7  to  sS  jter  acre;  in  township  l:t,">,  range  :10,  at  ¥■">  jier  acre:  in  townships  ll!.'i 
and  I  U>,  range  :!1.  at  i?-?  to  .s.">  per  acri".  The  pine  on  the  last  ilescribctl  lands  is  limited  in 
amount — would  average  over  !ji;4  per  acre  ;  m  township  .'>•,>,  rangi^  '-it!,  from  ijir)  to  ij"  (icr 
acre;  in  township  .'>H,  range  "Jli,  wonld  uveriige  over  *(!  per  acre:  in  township  Ml, 
range  'ii*,  from  85  to  i<7  per  acre,  and  has  a  very  good  growth  of  Norway  pine  ;  town- 
ship l;}?',  range  "Jit,  at  s7  per  acre.  I  estimated  the  value  of  lands  in  township  !:{'.• 
and  140,  range  'M,  at  .S:5  to  !*.'>  jicr  acre,  on  account  of  expensivt>  route  fcu'  driving  the 
logs.    The  Dortheri)  township  would  go  by  way  of  Leech  Lake  and  Leech  Lake  Ifiver. 

t^.  AVould  the  hinds  be  wtirtli  the  prices  yon  have  named,  in  the  year  lH(il>  and  1S70  .' 
— A.  They  wonld. 

Q.  How  much  more  wonld  the  lands  be  worth  now,  if  any  ? — A.  They  have  atlvaiiced 
in  value  at  least  1'2  i)«'r  cent,  jter  annnin,  as  an  investment ;  il  may  be  that  I  hohl  pine- 
lands  higher  than  stnue  other  i)arties  on  account  of  my  knowledge  of  the  limited 
amount  of  good  pine-lands  in  the  country.  In  estimating  the  value  of  jiine-lands  1 
estimate  the  value  per  acre  of  the  t^ntire  subdivision  entered  or  purcha.sed.  1  csti- 
luate  the  value  only  for  the  liitie,  regarding  the  land,  as  a  general  thing,  to  be  value- 
less after  the  lumber  is  taken  otl'.  In  the  Kokegaiua  Lake  country  there  is  no  small 
growth  of  pine  of  i.iiy  value. 


(>ri't>,  it  Mi'i'iiis  to 


ciMprKWA  iiai-1"-hri:ki»s  of  \.\kv.  srrKiMoit. 


;M)1 


Ily  Ml',  Kino  : 
i).  Ciiii  yon  ^;iv«<  iiny  spocilii'  ili'Mcription  ot  tin'  liimls  ri'ti'irnl  to  in  vmir  tcHtiimtiiy, 
art  till  intolli^i'iit  litksis  I'niin  wliidi  to  ii|>|iriiisi<  tlio  valiir  ol'  any  luiiiiciiliir  tiat't  ot'  niiIi- 
•Uvisidii  ? — A.  I  I'oiilil  not,  iVoiii  iiiiMiiory. 

\\y  CiiAiiiMAN  : 

i}.  Stiito  wlii'tlicr,  ill  yoiii'  Jii<lv;inciit,  lit  tlit>  tiiii<«  llii'Nt<  Nclt'i'tions  Wi'M'  inaili<,  iiiiy 
iM'i'soii  of  oi'tliniiry  JiKlKiiifiit  niiil  i'N|icriciii't>  woiilil  liiivo  iiiiy  ilittlciiity  in  Ni'li'ctiii); 
iaiitlM,  woi'tli  tlii>  |ii'ii't<  you  liavi>  iiaiiK'il,  in  tint  Ni>voi'al  t<i\vnslii|is  i'i't'i'ri'i>il  to  in  your 
tostiiiioiiy. — A.  I  tliinlv  siiili  |m>i'.>4oii  would  liavi«  no  liilliiiiity  at  tliat  tiiiiK. 

(.).  Stati>  wiictlKT  tint  priccN  yon  liavp  naincil  iii'i>  any  lli^lHt^  tliiiii  tlix  av<<ra^i<  valiio 
of  till'  tinilior  in  tlic  scscral  towiiMJiips.— A.  I  think  not.  I  liavo  cMiiiiintMl  Mio  I'olo-- 
gaiiia  laiiiiH  witli  a  view  to  tlii'ir  lit-iii^  located  liy  otlirr  |iartiiiN,  hntr  tlir  party  for 
wiioin  tii<>v  \vi'i'(<  fNiiiiiiiii'il  did  not  ^ot  tliciii. 

MAIILON  ni-A(;K. 


!!'1 


'.:f^ 


(ill.riM.AN. 


•loNAiiiw  I'liAsi;,  hciiijj  llrst  liy  nit>  duly  sworn,  ili'itosi's  as  IoIIown: 

My  r('sidfii('t>   is  in    Miiincapolis,  east  ;  a>;t>,  tifty-oiii>  yt'iirs  ;  occnpatioii,  a   IiiiiiImu'- 


man. 


(/iit'Ntion.  Stuto  if  you  are  acqiiaintcd  with  thi>  character  and  valiicof  plnriandH,  on  tint 
Mis.si.ssiiipi  Itivcr  and  its  triluitarics,  in  Cass  Connty,  Minnesota.— AiiNWcr.  1  am  soiiie- 
'what.  1  111)  VI-  Iteeii  on  a  portion  of  it  ;  have  lieen  a  bout  l*oke;;aiiia  Lake  ;  was  there  three 
yearsa^o.  I  slioiihl  Jiul^e  ;;ood  pine-htnds  in  that  vicinity  to  he  worth,  at  that  time, 
iVoiii  $^t  to  lijil'i  per  acre.  1  have  heeii  on  township  '>'1,  ran^e  'H\ ;  lia  ve  owned  hind  there, 
and  sold  it  three  years  a^o  for  $'.*  per  acre  to  Mr.  .1.  Dean  A  (!o.  I  have  lieeii  over  hut 
a  small  portion  of  that  township.  The  laud  that  was  entered  with  tliestt  half-hreed 
certiticates  in  that  township  was  worth  as  much  as  the  land  that  I  sidd. 

I  purchased  some  land  near  I'oke^ama  liiike  two  years  a^o  last  winter,  for  .1.  Dean 
A.'.  Co.— I  think  tilO  acres— and  |>!iid  #10  ]ier  acre.  I  think  township  .'il,  ran^e,  *JtS,  sec- 
tions 1 5  and  'i'i. 

The  land  that  I  sold  for  iiii!»  was  entered  four  years  a;;o  with  Sionx  scrip,  'i'lll^  land 
I  purchased  for  Dean  iV  Co.  two  years  apt  was  ahoiit  average  pine-land  for  that  vicin- 


ity— not  more 


than 


nil  a  ventre, 


I  have  l)oii)(lit  siniiipiiKe  on  Rum  l\'iver.  Tho  iiniiiiI  rule  is  to  rei|iiire  the  piirchiiser 
of  stiiiiipa;;e  to  cut  all  round  tiniher  that  will  measure  one  foot  in  diameter  t  weiity- 
foiir  feet  from  the  ground.  'i'li<\v  do  not  always  cut  as  idose  as  that,  nnv  is  it  for  the  in- 
terest of  the  owner  of  the  land  to  liavi^  it  cut  that  close.  The  <{i'owth  of  timlter,  helow 
that  si/e,  will  pay  taxes  and  inten'st  on  the  land,  anil  niori^  than  usual  interest. 

I  have  paid  tor  stiimpap)  .*«*,',  $'-l.M,  and  i^'i  per  M  feet.  Never  hoiiKht  of  individuals 
for  less  than  tij<:t  per  M.  My  purchases  run  through  the  last  live  or  six  years.  Would 
call  live  thonsaiid  feet  )iiiie  per  acri^  fair  pine-land.  The  stiimpa^e  at  I'oke^ania  liiike 
is  worth  as  iiiiich  as  on  Kitiii  liivur,  where  my  purchases  wi're  made.  Although  it.  is  ii 
{renter  distiince,  it  will  re(|uiie  less  iiicm    to  drive  loj{s  from  IVikcga  nil   than  Itiim 


liiver. 


JONA.  CHASIO 


AV.  H.  I,A\vi!i',N('i:,  lieiiiK  Ity  me  first  duly  sworn,  deposcH  as  follows  : 

I  residi^  in  MiniuMipidis,  east;  a^od  forty-threo  years;  am  a  lumberman.  I  have 
resided  within  what  is  now  tln!  city  of  Minneapolis  for  seventeen  years. 

(.jiiestioii.  .'^tattMf  yoiiare  ac<|iiainte.d  with  the  character  and  value  of  pine-lands  on 
the  Mihsissijipi  K'iver  and  its  tributaries,  in  Cass  (.Joiiiily,  Minnesota  .'—Answer.  I  am 
ac(|uainle(l  witli  a  portion  of  it,  in  the  iieiyhhorhood  of  I'okcf^ama  Lake  and  Willow 
River. 

<^.  What  was  the  avera^jo  ]iiiie-laiid  in  the  vicinity  of  I'oki^^ama  Lak<^  worth  per 
acre,  in  IHTdor  li^/l  .'—A.  1  slioiild  say  from  sji.'i  to  !ij«!ti  per  acre. 

(j.  Do  you  know  of  any  sah-s  beiii^  made  of  lands  in  that  iiei<{li1iorli(iod  diirinj;  IHO't, 
1H7(I,  or  1H71  ;' — A.  1  do.  1  have  known  lands  which  I  exjimiiied  sold  for  .$■"»,  |I(l,  and 
^Vi  per  acri^.  These  sales  were  in  1^70  and  1^71.  The  ((iiarter-section  sidd  for  fl'i 
per  acre  was  a  year  af^o  this  fall,  and  last  sprinjj;  another  sale  was  made  at  $]()  per 
acre.  The  laud  s(dd  by  .Joiia.  Chase  to  .J.  Dean  &.  Co.,  at  $\)  per  acre,  was  in  section  11, 
township  .'■|4,  raii^e  "id.     (See  testimony  of  last  witness.) 

t^.  Have  yon  any  knowledge  of  the  lauds  located  by  IJiitler  A  Walker  and  T.  H. 
Walker  about  l'oke{{ama  Lake  ?  and,  if  so,  state  what,  in  your  ,jiid;;meiit,  they  were 
worth  in  the  years  le'ti!*  and  1870.— A.  I  have  some  kiiowledK"'  of  tlu^se  lauds  ;  siip|io.so 
I  have  been  on  every  section  ill  township  ■')!,  iaiiKu~(!,  a  j^ootl  many  times.  I  should 
Jiidj^e  those  lauds  worth  .flO  [ler  acre. 

l^.  Have  you  any  knowledge  of  lands  in  townships  'fi  ami  .'ill,  ranjjo  2.'),  hicatod  by 
Eastman,  Hovey  Si  Co. ;  anil,  if  so,  what  is  their  value  1 — A.  They  are  of  very  inferior 
quality  ;  that  is,  there  in  but  a  very  small  amount  of  timber.    The  ijuality  is  very  good. 


"T' 


'41 


»■'  i. 

.  r 


'   .i 

i  ' 

'    \ 

■  V,  1 
'  11     I 

302 


f  MIIM'KWA    irVLF-UKKEDS    OF    LAKK    SirPKRIOR. 


more 


I  hIi<miI<I  not  viilin-  tliiisc  liiiiils  (>\)T'i<l  l"'!'  iitrr,  iiihI  ilDn'r   know  as  it  is  woitli 
tliitii  !*:t  \wr  at'it'. 

(/.  IIii\<>  .villi  HiiniciiMit  knowliMl^n  of  Mii<  litnilH  owiumI  liy  tlicso  imrtio  to  ^ivi'  an 
opinion  of  tlu'ii'  valiii'.  or  an-  yon  k> vin^;  .voiir  opinion  of  lands  ^mcrally  in  tliat  nt'l^h- 
liorliooil  P— A.  1  am  u'vinu  an  opinion,  from  wliat  I  know  of  tln-ir  solfctions,  of  tlnir 
lanils.  'I'lnif  aro  sonii"  nico  huuls  in  that  virinily.  anil  tliry  liavuNoinc  follies  that  aic 
Kiioil.  hilt  I  speak  of  the  >,'enenil  average  of  their  hinils.  They  have  Home  foitios  that 
Inive  seaieely  any  pine  on  (hem,  perhaps  two  or  tlnee  siiih  instanees, 

W.  II.  LAWKKNCK. 

Wii.i.i.iAM  1',  AriCKXY,  heinfj  first  hy  mo  tliily  adlrined,  ileposes  as  follows  : 

My  rcsitleuee  is  in  Minneajiolis,  Minn. ;  uge,  lifty-oiie  years;  oeeiipatioii,  Inmlieriii;;. 
I  have  lesiileil  in  Minneapolis  fourteen  years.  1  elaim  to  own  jointly  willi  C.  II.  I'c7- 
tit  and  .1.  M.  Itohinson  (lirin>;the  firm  of  Ankeiiy,  Kohiiison  tV  I'uttit)  three  pieitsnf 
land,  loeated  with  Chippewa  half-lireed  iierip,  as  follows  : 

No.  77  I>.  NorlheaNt  i|narter  Honthwest  ijiiarter  and  southeast  ijiiarter  niirtii\ve>i 
iinai'ler,  sertion  in,  township  .'>!,  ran;;e  17  north. 

No.  ViO  I>.  I'.ast  half  southwest  ipiarter,  seetion  li>.  township. '>!,  ian;ie  'JC). 

No.  -Ki  1).  Northeast  ipiarter  iiorlheast  i|narler,  seetion  '^7,  township  .'>l,  rnny;e  "27. 

Also  entered,  hy  i»ersonal  applicalions,  south  half  soiilhi-ast  iinarler,  section  •,'!, 
town.vhip  .'il,  laiip' 'J<> ;  (he  last  was  entered  hy  .loliii  I'l'runee. 

(Question.  Ulnio  whether  these  iiieees  were  loeated  for  you  or  were  ]iiirehased  of 
odier  ])ai'(ies  ;  and,  if  pniehased,  >\  hen  (he  pnrehases  were  made. — Answer,  'i'he  tliin' 
lirst  deseriheil  were  loeated  hy  iiie  for  onr  (inn.  'i'he  last  pieee  I  pnrehased  lor  oiii 
llrni  of  II.  T.  Welles  and  .1.  1*.  Wilson,  I  (hiiik,  in  (he  summer  of  ls7t). 

(/.  What  did  yon  jiay  for  (he  pieee  pnrehased  of  Welles  ».V  N\  ilson  .'—A.  It  was  an 
exelian;;e  for  anolher  jiieee  of  land;  we  valued  i(  a(  s|(t  per  aere  in  exehan;;e. 

*}.  S(ale  of  whom  and  when  you  pnrehased  the  eerlilieates  under  whiehthe  otiii'i 
jiicecs  were  loeated. — ,\,  I  have  hou<;ht  larf;o  lots;  some  of  .1.  K.  .sidle,  ami  some  ot' 
(I  (liink)  Ml'.  Oaks,  of  ."^aiiit  I'anl,  pndialdy  twenty  or  twen(y-live  pieces  in  eaeh  lot. 
I  (hink  I  have  purchased  Ni.\(y  jiieees,  and  these  three  jiieees  were  in  (he  lot.  They  werr 
purchased  in  l.-^ll(I  or  lHi7.  Tha^  is  my  impression.  1  think  1  jiaid  from  8;J  to  SI  pii 
aere;  prohahly  averaj;eil  alioiil  .S;t.r>lt  per  aere.  1  do  not  remeinher  of  makin<;any  otln'i 
purchases  except  the  three  lots  rcl'erred  to  aliove. 

().  Have  you  ever  seen  the  lands  descrilieil  ahove  .' — A.  We  have  ahout  (1,(1(1(1  acres  in 
(his  hoily  in  which  (he  lands  aliove  descrilied  are  interspersed.  I  have  liecn  (hiniii;li 
(ho  tract  several  times,  llon't  know  whether  1  have  seen  the  particular  [lieccs  dc- 
sci'ihcd  aliove. 

(j!  Can  you  "ive  the  proliahle  value  of  the  lands  descrilied  in  187(1.' — \.  In  l*7n 
those  lands  eonld  not  prohiildy  have  lieeii  sold  for  more  than  !!>.")  per  acre.  ISiiice  then 
thi  y  Inive  advanced  very  i'a]>iilly  ;  donlded  in  value',  I  should  say. 

i).  What  would  they  have  hcen  wordi  in  lHti~!aiid  ISillK' — A.  1  don't  think  then'  was 
much  change  in  price  of  |iine-lanils  from  l-^liS  to  1^70,  though  they  were  held  proha- 
hly with  a  little  more  contideiice  in  lf^70. 

lj>.  What  wonhl  these  land.s  have  heeii  worth  in  the  si»riii;>'  of  1871  '/ — A.  Prohahly 
from  $C)  to  .'^S  jier  acre,  and  at  this  time  they  are  worth  from  ■'?-<  to  jjili). 

().  Do  yon  know  of  any  sales  of  such  lands  l)ein;f  made  in  1870  or  1"7I  i — A.  No. 
.sir;  1  don't.  We  imrchased  Kit)  a<res  in  the  winter  of  187t>-'71,  worth  ahont  the 
same  as  these  descrihed,  or  perhaps  a  little  more,  and  paid  .80  per  acre.  1  consider  we 
hoii^iht  it  low. 

(»>.  Dii^oii  know  of  any  stiimpa^e  sohl  in  1870  or  1"*71  ''—A.  We  have  not  imrchased 
any  stuinpaf;e,  that  1  reincmlier,  excejit  on  school-lauds,  for  which  we  paid  from  8-j  to 
•*;{  per  M  feet:  las(  win(er  we  imrchased  at  8;t  jut  M  feet. 

(.}.  Is  s(unipae;e  on  school-lauds  sold  hi;;lieror  lower  than  of  individuals  ' — A.  I  don't 
know  as  to  tliat  ;  we  have  not  iiiirchascd  of  iiiilividiials.  The  averaj^e  of  our  pm- 
eliases  (or  (he  jiast  three  years  has  heeu  helow  8"{  per  M  feet.  My  impression  is  that 
school-land.s  advanced  in  price  for  stnmpa^e  ahout  three  years  a<jo. 

Q.  Had  yon  at  the  time  of  the  pnieh.ise  of  the  certiiicatcs  ahove  mentioned  any 
knowledjie  or  suspicion  that  there  was  any  fraud  connected  with  the  applications  maili- 
for  them,  or  in  their  issue,  or  that  they  were  in  any  respect  lUej^al  or  fraudulent  ?— A. 
No,  sir  ;  1  had  not  the  reiiiotcst  idea  of  it.  I  purchased  those  certiticates  at  that  time 
hecauso  (ho  lands  conld  not  be  secured  with  aiij  thing  else.  It  is  true  we  could  rcaeli 
them  with  Sioux  scrip,  hut  that  was  hijjher. 

i).  Can  you  state  the  rtasoii  why  the  8ionx  scrip  was  selliiifj  hijjber  in  this  market 
than  the  Chippewa  half-breed  scrip  ? — A.  Sionx  scrip  was  available  on  unsiirveycd 
lands  and  Chippewa  was  not ;  at  least  we  did  not  use  any  on  nn.snrveyed  lauds. 

i}.  What  was  the  value  of  8ioux  scrip  here  in  181)8,  18ii'.),  and  1870 f— A.  I  paid  8t)  pi'i" 
acre  for  Sioux  scrip  a  year  ago.  It  wa-s  worth  probably  !*'>  per  acre  during  the  years 
18(;8, 18l)i>, and  1870.  This  price  applies  to  adult  Sioux  scrip;  miuur  scrip  was  much 
ower. 

WM.  P.  AUKENV. 


CHIPI'KVVA    llALr-miKKKS    OF    LAKE    8l'I'KRI«)R. 


303 


t  i.t  WDitli  nioic 


LAWKKXCi:. 


mtiT  iii>rtii\vi'>.i 


•A.  Prol)al>lv 


P.  AUKENY. 


No.  I*. 

(JiiAiti.Ks  A.  (ill. MAN.  Ix'iii);  tliily  iil1li'iii)-il,  ilc|M).Hivs  ii^^  I'dIIdwh  ; 

'My  it^'"  i'*  tliirf.v-iiim'  .vi-iirs;  icsiilc  in  Saint  Cldiid  ;  Imvi'  icsifli'd  fln'i'<>  imil  vicinity 

Cor  Novfiiti'fii  yt'iirs  ;  linvc   I n   r«';;isti'r  in  tin-  laiul-nlliff  at  Saint   T'lonil  iViiin  the 

Hnrin^  iil"  Irtlilt  nntil  NovcinWcr  1, 1"<71 ;  iiavc  had  ImHint'.H.s  in  tlic  ollici)  morn  or  Ichs  Minn) 
tint  aiitnniii  of  iH't.'i,  a  |i<ii'tion  of  tin-  tiiiit-  as  an  oHIi'it,  and  at.  other  tiint'H  uh  h  htnd- 
draiiT.  Was  appointed  as  icci'ivi'r  liist  in  l^til  :  htdd  tliis  ollico  until  I'^li'f.  In  Hdli, 
wan  appointt'd  ifccivcr,  and  lirld  into  HliT,  less  tiian  ont>  year. 

(/ncstion.  State  whether,  dnrin;;  tiie  time  yon  were  i'ey;iste!',  thei'o  were  any  entrie.s 
made  at  that  olliee  foi'  tiie  C'iiippewa  hall'-hreedH  of  Lake  Superior,  or  wliat  are  calhul 
per.sonal  ap)di<'atioiiH  ? — Answer.  No,  sir  ;  tlieie  were  no  entries) ;  there  were  many  up- 
pliealions  inaih\  hnt  nolliin;;  that  we  desi<riiate  as  entrie.s. 

(/.  Wliere,  and  liow  many  sneh  ap|)lieations  were  made  dnriii};  tlm  time  that  yon 
wen*  rejri.ster  ? — A.  I  tliink  Home  moi'e  than  one  linndred  ;  am  not  eertain  as  to  lint 
exact  ainoimt;  am  not  certain  whether  any  sncli  entries  were  mad<'  previous  to  my 
otllee  a.s  rej;ister, 

</.  Slate  how  these  a|)plicat ions  were  maih' ;  wlmt  was  done  hy  the  olliee  and  liythe 
half-lireeds,  or  Ity  any  others  in  tlieir  behalf? — A.  The  lialf-l>reeds  ehiiiniiiy;  to  he  en- 
titled to  land  nsnally  came  to  thi'  olliee  ami  stated  that  Ihey  wished  to  a)iply  fni'  land 
nndci'  the  treaty.  They  nsnally  eanie  with  some  person  who  did  their  talkin;;'  for 
them.     .Many  of  them  eonid  not  speak  ICn;>lisli, 

().  Itiil  yon  ever  see  them  come  without  some  one  aceompanyin;;  them  who  a]>i)eared 
tob'  interested  in  thi'irentries  of  lands  .'  — .\.  I  think  I  diil,  frecinently.  I'nless  there 
\Nns  an  appearance  thai  they  clearly  were  not  entitled,  I  nsnally  lilled  out  their  appli- 
eatioim  for  them,  and  administered  the  oath  that  was  retininHl  to  their  witnesses,  and 
in  due  time  sent  the  .-ipplications  to  the  l>cpartment  at  \Viishin<;ton  for  their  approval 
or  decision  in  the  matter.  No  decision  of  t  he  im-rits  of  the  caso  was  made  at  the  local 
olliee,  lint  left  wholly  for  the  |)i>)iarlment  at  \\'asliin<rton. 

',>.  What  was  the  form  (d"  the  ])a)>er  that  yon  call  the  :ip)ilication,  si;;ned  hy  the 
hall-ltreed  .' — .\.  1  cannot  state  Ihe  precise  form,  Init  think  I  can  jjive  the  snhstance  of 
it.  The  ap])lieation  coinmcnci'd  with  an  alle;:ation  on  the  part  of  the  ii|>plicant  that 
he  or  .she  was  of  mi.xed-hlt'od  Chippewas,  aixl  entitled  to  ei;jhly  acri'sof  land  under  the 
f  rea'y  of  Septemher  ;>n,  \^'t\.  hetween  the  I'nitcd  States  and  the,  Chippewasof  J^ake 
Sniierioi  ;  that  the  ap|dicaiit  was  twcnty-om-  yearsof  aj^eat  thedate  of  thetreaty  :  that 
he  or  she  received  no  lands  nmlcrthe  provisions  of  tln'  treaty;  and  that  they  took  the 
land  then  applied  for  in  fnll  satisfacli(m  of  their  claim  against  the  (iovernment.  The  ap- 
]dicanls  were  sworn  to  the  correctness  of  their  statement,  and  two  witnesses  were  also 
rc<|Mired  to  make  a  st.ileincnt  verifying  the  claims  of  the  applicant.  The  witnes.ses 
were  nsnally  known  to  the  otliee  and  were  also  sworn. 

(.}.  What  entry  was  then  made,  if  any,  npon  the  hooks  at  the  local  otliee  ? — A.  No 
entries  were  made  npon  any  hooks.  The  hooks  were  tnrnished  for  that  ])nrpose.  The 
ti'acts  applied  for  were  marked  on  the  phits,  as  a)>plied  for.  A  list  of  these  applications 
was  made  and  lorwarded  to  the  Commissioner  of  the  (ieneral  Land-Ottice  at  Washinj;- 
toii  for  his  eonsiileration,  a  copy  of  said  list  hein;;'  retained  in  the  oHiee. 

l).  What  was  the  oliject  of  keejiiny;  the  list  at  the  local  olliee;  and  in  aecordancrt 
with  what  law  or  order  was  it  done  .'—A.  It  was  kept  for  the  information  of  theoUhje  ; 
it  was  according  to  the  custom  of  the  olitice.     I  cannot  .state  by  what  law  or  order. 

ii.  Mad  there  lieeii  any  snch  cnstom  in  the  olliee  ju'evions  to  yonr  term  '! — A.  It  was 
the  custom  of  the  olliee  to  keep  some  record  ol  every tliiuj;  that  was  done  atl'ectiny- any 
partii-nlar  tract  of  land. 

(.}.  Was  it  yonr  nmli'i'standiiii;  that  tlio  applicatitui  made  in  the  form  yon  have  stated 
did  in  any  way  allect  any  tract  of  land  nutil  it  was  ai>prove(l  liy  the  D.-partment  .' — A. 
No.  sir. 

*.).  Then  why  do  you  .say  it  was  necessary  for  you  to  keep  a  record  of  it  ? — A.  I  don't 
know  that  the  ollicer.s  wer(>  ohlined  to  keep  a  record. 

(.).  How  loii<;  was  if.  nsnally,  after  the  apiilications  were  sent  to  Washinij;ton, before 
yon  would  reeeivt>  notice  that  they  had  been  acteil  uiton.'— A.  1  have  no  recollection 
now  as  to  the  time;  i)erliaps  two  or  three  months. 

if.  Was  it  the  cnstom  to  send  them  a.s  .soon  as  made  .' — A.  No,  sir  ;  I  don't  know  how 
soon  they  were  sent. 

i).  Don't  you  know  that  they  would  sometimes  remain  in  your  ortice  for  a  month  or 
two  before  they  were  sent  '! — A.  I  thiid<  they  did. 

(/.  Were  the  half-breeds  makiuji  the  application  and  their  witnesses  sometimes 
unable  to  sjteak  or  understand  the  lOn^jlish  laiiji^uajre  /—A.  Some  of  them  were.  I  don't 
recollect  any  ca.se  where  both  the  applicant  and  witnesses  were  unable  to  speak 
Knglish.     I  think  no  such  case  occurred. 

().  In  cases  where  the  applicant  or  witnesses  were  unable  to  speak  or  understand  the 
Knylish  language,  will  jou  please  to  give  the  form  of  the  oath  that  you  ailministered  f — 
A.  It  was  administered  in  English  ;  1  could  not  speak  Chippewa     I  think  tbey  were 


::t 


'4 


11. 


;;;itij  j, 


••'i'l 


1 1 


■::' 


':;■!! 


304 


Cllll'I'KWA    HALK-nUi:KliS    ol'    I.AKK    MHI'KHKUi. 


rt')|iiii'iMl  to  MWtitr  Hint  tlic  Ntnltini'iitM  t<>  wliicli  tlicy  linil  nlllMtl  tin  ir  iuiiihk  wik- 
col'i'i'ct.      1  lilt  Mill  I'rriilli'i'l  iin,\  |)iiMiniliii'  I'lirin  iif  oiltll. 

i}.    I'll    Mill     know   wlll'tllrl'    it    WItM  llic  I'llHtillll  III  lliakli  IMII'l'llltNl<  lit'  tllO  I'iljIltN  til'   llir 

liiilt-lni'i'ilH  iil'ti'i'  lli»*,v  IiihI  iiiiiiIi-  tlii'ir  a|i|ilinitiiiiiH  iiml  (itil'iiio  tlicy  wuru  a|i|irovi'il  ut 
WnHliiii^toti  f-.\,  I  iliiiik  it  wiiH  till' Ki'iii'i'iil  pnirliri'. 

If.  stall'  wliitl  villi   Kiiiiw,  it'  aiivtlniiK,  in   riKiinl   In  tlii<  {itin'M  tlio  liall'-lir Ih  n-- 

ci'ivril  till'  llii'ir  a|i|ilii'aliiiiiN|  ami  uIiiti>  anil  liow  tin-  liar^aiiiN  ami  |iayiii('iilN  wni- 
iiiaili' ! — A.   I  know  iiolliin^  |iimiti\i'l,v  alioiit  it. 

I/.   l>o\iiii  know  wlii'ii'  ilii'Mc  liall'-lii'fi'ilM  rami'  rrom  ? — A.  My  r illi'i'tioii  is  tliat  llu" 

^I'l'iiliT  |iart  of  tlii'iiiriimr  I'loiii  It'ril  IkixiT.  Somi'I'i'w  i'l'Miiii'il  in  SlrariiN  County,  Noinr 
III  I'olk  Coiint^v,  ami,  I  iliink,  Nom«<  in  otln  r  rroiitiiT  roiintli'H  In  HiIn  Siaii',  Ity  It'iil 
liivcr  I  im-an  in  tin'  ii'Kioii  ot  ri'inliina.  1  tliiiik  noiih'  wcio  t'roiii  anoNN  tlio  Kiiiisli 
lilii',  ami  Miim-  t'loiii  l''ort  (tarry. 

(/.  How  iliil  tlii'y  Ki'iK'ially  roiiii>  to  inaki>  tliiir  amiliratiotiH, ami  in  wlml  niinilH  th! 
A.  I  think   llnit  soini'tiim'N  (lii'y  caini'  Hin^ly  atiii  Noimtiim'H  niorii  thai:  nni'.     (hirr. 
|)i<i'lia|iM,  Nix  or  i'IkIiI  or  ti>n.     'riiiTc  wrri>  a  ^ooil  iiiaiiy  a|i|ilii'atioiiN  tlit'iv  that  wr 
ntti-rly  iclnsi'il  to  I'liti'iliiiii  at  all. 

(/.  l''oi what  ri'iiMiiii  ami  nmh'i what  (■ircnniNlam'i'Hilid  y<iiiri'i'iiHi«any  a]i|ilicatioiiM  ?— 
A.  Ki'raiiNi'  ilu'ir  a|i|M'ai'am'i' iiml  Hoini'tlnii'N  tlii'ir  own  MtattMiioiilN  hIiowi'iI  that  thry 
wi'i'i'  not  III'  siiflirii'iit  a(!i'  to  lii>  ciititlnl  nmliT  tlio  treaty. 

I).  WiiN  it  your  niNiom  to  i'i>i'<'ivi<  tlii>  a|i|ili('atioii  of  a  man  ami  IiIm  wifi'  hotli  1^— A. 
I  ilon'l  know  that  wo  ri'l'iiNcil  I'or  ihr  ifiiNon  that  they  wi<ro  inaii  ami  wil'ti  at  all.  It 
it  \H  |iro|ii'r,  I  will  ntati'  why  wi>  sonii'timi's  ii'ii-lvi'il  tlio  aiiplit^alion  of  a  man  ami  his 
wit'o,  ami  aiNo  why  we  ri'oi'ivi'il  a|i|>liratiiinH  ot'  soiiio  who  caint'  t'liim  ovit  thii  ItritiNh 
lim>.  It  was  ln'raiiMc  wi>  well' awai'K  that  the  l>i>]iartim'iit  had  iNNiii'il  a  larp>  ainoiiiit 
ot'  Nfrip  iimliT  the  Nainr  treaty  that  iIicho  a|i|ilu*atioiiN  wero  liaNnl  upon  lo  marrinl 
woint'ii,  and  iiIno  their  linsliamlK  also  lo  peisoiiN  reNidiiiK  in  liiitiNh  America.  'I'lu' 
loeation  ot'  Niieh  sri'ip  having  hecn  eoinmoii  at  our  olllee,  therul'oru  we  ttiippiMed  there 
was  no  olijeetion  upon  thoNe  Kronnds. 

i).  What  means  would  the  I  department' have  of  kmiwinKi  from  the  rctiiriiM  in  your 
oHlee,  or  any  other,  where  the  parties  resided,  or  whether  tjiey  were  married  or  not  .'— 
A.  I  don't  know  that,  lint  siippimed  llie  department  would  only  iHMiiu  scrip  to  partie.s 
that  were  entitled  to  it. 

i}.  When  the  Depart ment  aeted  npon  the  applieations  made  at  your  ofTUe,  did  they 
havt<  any  evidence  whatever  as  to  whether  the  parlies  were  entitled  except  such  iis 
yon  sent  Iheiii  ?— A.  It  is  impossilile  for  us  at  the  local  olllee  to  know  what  infoiiiiii- 
tion  the  llepartment  has.  I  supposed  those  claims  would  he  presented  at  the  Indian 
ne])artmeiit  for  their  examination.  Wesimply  forwarded  them  to  the  (ieiieral  l.uml- 
(Mliee  without  any  recoinmendation  whatever. 

i.}.  l>id  you  not  helii've  that  the  Deiiaitment  had  no  ovidenee  as  to  whom  tlicsc 
peisons  were,  whether  they  were  half-lireeds  of  the  Chippewas  of  Lake  .Superior, 
twenty-one  years  of  ajr*'.  or  the  heads  of  families  at  the  dale  of  the  treaty,  I'xcept  tlie 
sworn  statements  which  were  sent  from  your  ollico  f — A.  I  had  no  reason  to  helievi,' 
they  had  any  further  evidence  at  that  time. 

(.}.  Yi'U  have  stated  that  when  ai>plicatitins  were  made  particular  tract.s  were  desij;- 
naled  on  th«>  plat  as  lands  a|iplii>d  for.  l)o  you  reineinher  where  these  lauds  were 
situated  as  a  jjeneral  thinn  .' — A.  Yes,  sir,  I  think  I  do,  as  a  p'lieral  tiling.  They  were 
mainly  situated  in  I'ass  (.'ounty.  on  the  I'pper  Mississippi;  some  on  the  cast  side,  in 
the  norllu'rn  part  of  ("row  Win;;  ("oiintv. 

i).  You  have  stated  that  most  of  these  Indians  were  from  the  Red  Kivereonutry.  How 
did  they  know  w  here  lo  make  these  selections  ?— A.  I  don't  know  that  they  did  kim"  . 
1  don't  think  they  did.     I  think  they  knew  nolliin^  of  tlieiii  ptMSoiially. 

l,>.  How,  then,  were  the  selections  luaile  ? — A.  1  suppose  they  were  made  by  iiartics 
who  intended  to  avail  themselves  of  tlu'  rights  of  these  half-hreeds  to  selei't  lauds. 
I  never  knew  one  half-breed  who  had  scrip  to  choose  his  selection  iiersonally. 

l^.  Then  yiui  suppose  that  in  every  instance  some  jiersou  had  har;;;aitieil  with  the 
half-lireed  for  his  interest,  under  the  treaty,  at  or  before  the  inakiu;;  of  the  applica- 
tioii  f— A.  1  believe  that  to  be  case,  but  I  don't  know  positively. 

(}.  \Vere  not  the  desi;;natioiis  made  before  you,  and  noted  liy  you  on  the  plats  .'—A. 
'i'hey  were. 

(j'.  Then  you.  of  course,  knew  who  made  selections  ? — A.  Not  always.  lUaiiks  were 
freiiuently  tilled  out  by  other  parties,  and  bro4i;;lit  there  for  cxt'cutioii  so  far  as  descrip- 
tions of  tile  laud  were  concerned. 

if.  What  «lo  you  mean  by  blanks  ;'  The  Iiiiid  to  be  selected  was  not  lU  si^jnatcd  in 
the  applications,  was  it  .'—A.  There  is  a  space  in  every  application  in  which  to  inseit 
the  description  of  the  land. 

().  Was  there  any  pMieral  practice  as  to  when  these  blanks  were  tilled,  whether  at 
the  time  of  the  npplieation  or  afterward  .' — A.  My  recollection  is  that  they  were  priiui- 
pally  tilled  at  the  time  of  the  aiiplieation. 

Q.  Do  yon  know  anything  of  personal  applications  made  at  yourottice  in  which  .1.  !'• 


(MIII'I'KWA    IIAI,l-MIJI'.i;i>M    or    LAKi:    SIIT.IMOU. 


ao5 


ii'ir  niuDi-M  wt'ic 


II  tlie  i»liits  ?— A. 


■e  in  wbioli  .1.  !'• 


-A.  My  kriowli-dgit  i>(  tlioso  is  lln-  hhiid'  iih  it  is  of  lin' 

III  iilli'iUioiiM  Wfic  iiiitilr 


Iml- 
itiitl 


WilHoii  Imm'uiiio  iiitrrcHtnl  t- 
luii'o. 

(j.   Do  you  I'lH'iilIi'ct  of  liiM  lii'iii;;  (lii'i'K  Kf   t\\t\  tinxi  (!>• 
lll<Nl^lllllill^  llio  lamiN  to  Im  i<iit<>i'r*l  t~\.  I  l><  Ik'm^  I  )|<i.  ^ 

(^.  Of  lli«  iM'i'Miiiiiil  ii|i|ilii'iiliiiMN  iiiailc  itt  yiiiii  i>IH<'<-  wliitt  prii|)i>rtiiiii  hlioiilil  yiiii  Hiiy 
liiMh'NJKiiiitoii  ' — A.  'I'liiit  I  mil  iiiiitlili    hi  ^titto. 

if,  Hliiiiilil  you  Hiiy  iiiiti'iMir  li'MN  tliiin  Dill'  i  ill' ?— A.  i  :iiii  iiiiii1ili<  to  Hiiy,  lit- liiis  tniiiH- 
lU'txil  IV  ^iVi'Hi  (Ifiir  of  iMiMiiii^NN  at  tlio  iiDlcti ;  Im-i'ii  t!l<<l'l^  ii  j^l■^'t^l  il(>ji.| ;  nut  only  lliat  but 
otlicr  Inibini'NN. 

(j.  Iliivityoii  any  kiio\vlo(l|i{i>  or  inforiiiiitlon  in  ic^unl  t«  liow  tlic  litilt-bnt  i[  IinliitnN, 
in  tlio  KimI  iiivor  roniilry  went  iniliii'iMl  to  coino  to  yoiii'  olllci)  to  iimkn  tln-Hit  ii|ipli('ii- 
(ioiiN  f — A.  I  know  lint  vory  littlit  of  it,     I  Hii|i|ios(t  liicy  i-aino  lor  pay.  ^ 

(j.  T*tll  UN  wliat  you  know,  wlirtlior  it  lie  iittlo  or  iniicli, — A.  1  know  iiotliin;r  |toNi- 
tivi-ly.  I  liail  no  convorHation  with  any  onu  ortlnun  that  I  am  awal'(^  of  I'xci'pt  in  an 
oltlitiai  way.  I  would  ailil  that  1  think  th^y  wiun  in  that  vicinity  on  l>iiHiiii;HH,  and 
wi<ro  indnn<d  to  (miiiio  liy  itartltm  intiuvNtod.     I  inttan  lui  otinir  liuNinoHN, 

(/.  My  jiartiuH  int«-n-Ht(Ml  in  what  T— A.  Ititori^Nti'd  In  procuriuK  thoir  npidicatioiiH. 

t^.  DidyoiMwttr  liavo  uiiy  coiivorHation  with  Mr. . I.  1*.  WiUiui  iih  to  wliitthcr  and 
liow  ho  procured  any  of  Mnmo  ajiiilit'iilioiiH ;  if  no,  wIumi,  and  what  did  h«^  Nay  f— A.  1 
tliink  1  «lld  liavo  uonvttrNation  willi  liini  on  that  Hiilijtict.  I  know  1  did.  I  cannot  nay 
wliiui,  hut  think  it  wiih  about  tint  tiniti  or  diiriii^  thi*  iuakiii({  of  tlie  application.  It  itt 
iiiipoHNihic  for  iiim  to  give  tlio  Hulmtanco  of  th«  (tonvoi'Nution. 

(j.  Do  you  rt^nitunbor  any  tiling  li*'  Haidor  thuHubNtanco  of  any  thing  liuHaid  in  ru^^iird 
to  thu  dcaiiuKH  with  tlio  liall'-brmMlH  for  thuir  iiiturcHt  iindt^r  thimc  applicatiiMiHf— A.  I 
think  I  do.  A  Uma  tiino  prcvioim  to  any  of  thim«i  appIit^utioiiH  boiiig  iiiiwh^  I  heard  him 
Hpcak  of  the  fact  that  there  were  many  partioH  in  the  hind  that  were  entithid  to  land 
under  tliat  treaty  ;  that  many  of  them  liad  made  application  for  Hcrip.  Their  applica- 
tioiiH  had  not  been  accepted  and  approved,  nor  rejected  by  the  Department.  8umu 
Npecial  camtN  in  particular,  I  heard  him  Hpeak  of  trequently.  He  mentiuned  the  ckih) 
of  Nome  lialf-breedN  living  ut  Little  Kock  Lake ;  Haid  they  came  fnuu  Lake  Bupo- 
rior  right  at  La  INiinte,  where  the  treaty  waH  made,  and  were  entitled  beyond 
all  <|ueNtion  ;  Naitl  their  applicutiium  had  been  before  the  Department  a  long  time 
for  m^rip  and  had  neitlier  been  rejected  nor  allowed,  lie  thtniglit  they  had  better  come 
to  the  land-otllce  in  perHon  and  make  their  application.  He  menti«ined  other  Himilar 
caHCH  in  other  partt*  of  the  country  that  he  won  aci^uainted  with,  and  Home  tlnit  I  was 
uc«|uainted  with.  I  wiin  acquainted  with  the  factu  in  the  ciihch  at  Little  Uock  referred 
to.  He  frei|uently  iiHked  my  opinion  about  the  matter,  and  im  to  what  form  Hlionld  1m) 
imed  in  making  applicatioiiN;  what  proof  would  be  rei|uired,  &c.  A  form  wan  tinally 
made  by  (I  think)  him  and  otiier  partien  (I  don't  think  lie  got  it  up  alone)  which  was 
Mubniitte«i  to  me  for  my  opinion  iin  to  whether  it  would  accord  with  the  re(|uiremonts 
of  the  Department  or  uot.  I  NUggeHtcd  mime  changeN.  I  think  aftorwanl  the  form 
WON  adopted  and  printed.  It  wan  made  to  conform  an  near  tut  poNMiblu  with  the  form 
previoumy  iiHcd  in  procuring  Hurip.  At  leaHt  I  wati  told  ho  by  Wilnou  and  othern,  Cap- 
tain Taylor. 

(j.  Do  you  reniemlier  anything  that  Mr.  Wilflon  naid  in  reference  to  tlicHe  applica- 
tioim  and  the  manner  of  procuring  them,  at  or  about  the  time  thoHC  were  made  in 
which  he  Heenied  to  be  inttn'ttsted  t  ami  if  ho,  state  the  Hiibstaneu  of  what  he  naid. — A. 
1  recollect  of  IiIh  nayiiig  there  were  partien  in  town  or  about  town  who  wore  entitled 
to  land  under  the  treaty,  and  of  bin  asking  me  what  I  wuuhl  do  in  coHe  Hiich  applica- 
tioiiH  were  made — what  authority  we  had  for  allowing  them. 

Q.  What  wiiH  the  object  of  deNigiiatiiig  on  the  idat  the  lands  that  were  selected 
under  tlicNe  appliiatioim,  before  the  appli<-ationH  were  poHsed  upon  at  \VaHhin<;toii|f — 
A.  That  coiirHe  iHiiHiially  prescribed  by  the  Departnutiit  in  hi.cIi  cases.  One  object  is  to 
avoid  contlicts.     It  standH  as  a  notice  that  siicli  tracts  havo  been  applied  for. 

(j.  I  iiiuliM'stood  you  to  say  above  that  the  designatioa  gives  the  party  no  right 
whatever  to  the  land  Helected,  unless  conlirmed  by  tlie  ' '':.[ii  rtnient.  Do  you  uiider- 
Htand  a  party  might  come  there  the  luixt  day  after  Huch  a^ipilcations  and  dcsigiiatioa 
and  enter  the  same  lands  by  money  or  land-warrants,  it  the  lamls  were  Hiibjuct  to 
private  entry  f— A.  1  should  say  they  could  *lo  so.  Such  entry,  however,  would  stand 
subject  to  the  rejection  (u-  approval  of  the  previous  claim. 

(•i-  Were  you  inteicsted  with  .1.  V.  Wilson  in  any  lamls  that  were  entered  upon  per- 
sonal application,  at  that  time  or  siibswiiieiitly  ? — A.  Not  to  my  recollection. 

y.  Do  you  know  anything  in  regard  to  lands  conveyed  by  Charh's  (iilman  to  D. 
Morrison  f— A.  I  know  there  was  such  conveyance.  1  think  the  lands  so  conveyed 
were  mainly  entered  n|i(in  ])ei'soiial  application. 

(},.  Can  yon  now  state  who  dc^sigiuited  the  lands  to  be  entered  in  the  list  convej-od 
liy  Charles  (iilman  to  1).  Morrison  ? — A.  I  do  not  recollect  positively.  My  iinpiessioa 
is  that  I  «lid  myself.  Tliose  lands  wi-re  selected  under  my  (liiection  prior  to  my  con- 
nection with  tli<'  land-ollice  as  register,  and  while  I  was  holding  no  public  olUce,  but 
while  engaged  in  the  business  of  selecting  lauds.    This  was  in  the  year  of  ISO:*,  mainly 

20  II  B   S 


^b- 


,  I- 


l"K 


'i'lli... 


306 


CllIl'PEWA   HALF-BREKDS    OF    LAKK    SUPKKIOK. 


luiforc  tlie  liiii'.l  was  .snrvcyi'd.  I  was  (>l)]i<^c<l,  iindiT  a  written  <!oiitrii(!t,  to  assist  Mr. 
Mui'i'iHon  ill  tiie  st'lcctiuii  of  laiuls.  This  contract  was  iiiatlo  .laniiary,  IHOl),  pi'irvinus 
to  my  appointniiMit  as  icfjistor,  wiiicli  was  in  May  or  Jiinii  of  IfiVJ. 

C^.  Wln'ii  were  these  lands  coiive."  '«1  to  Cinu'lcs  (jilnian  ?— A.  There  were  Honu^  mat- 
ters connected  with  the  transaetio.i  .vhich  I  do  not  clearly  nseollect.  Tim  lands  were 
conveyed  to  Charles  Gilnian,  and  hy  him  conveyed  to  1).  Morrisou  suhsetpiunt  to  my 
appointment  as  register. 

C^.  ^Vero  not  these  lands  or  the  ri^ht  of  the  Indians  to  locate  tliem  purchased  liy  yon 
4in(l  for  yourself  .' — A.  No,  sir;  not  any  of  them. 

Q.  By  whom  were  they  purchased  and  foi'  whom  .' — A.  1  d()  not  know  of  tlie  whole  ; 
only  a  part.  I  think  Wilson  (J.  I'.^  was  tlio  ntKotiator  more  than  any  one  els(<.  Ilr 
was,  ac(Mirdin<;  to  my  impression,  the  main  {Uircliascr,  and  I  snpx>oHed  he  was  piirchas- 
injf  for  himself. 

Q.  Why,  then,  was  not  the  couvt^yance  made  to  liini? — A.  I  am  unahio  to  answer  the 
(piestion  fully.     I  think  other  ]iartics  had  a  contingent  interent  in  the  land  sehictcd. 

Q.  At  the  time  you  nnide  these  seltuMions  did  you  make  tluuii  for  yourself;  if  not,  for 
whom  did  you  make  them  f— A.  For  Dorilns  Morrison  and  others  connected  with  him. 

Q.  iJo  you  know  at  whose  instance  these  lands  \^■^'r^^  dcsi<;nated  in  the  applications 
of  the  half-ltreeds?— A.  1  nniy  have  advised  in  the  matter;  ])resume  I  did.  I  wrote  the 
descriptions  in  the  applications. 

C.  A.  GILMAN. 

On  the  ll*th  November,  lf^7'.i,  Jlr.  (Jilman  ai)i>eared  before  me,  as  chairman  of  the  com 
mission,  and  stated  ho  desired  to  correct  the  iore^oinfj  solar  as  it  relates  to  the  contract 
of  January,  IWlt).    On  n^feninji  tothat  contract  Mr.  Giluian  informed  mo  that  he  (indshe 
was  not  bound  by  it  to  assist  Mr.  Morrison  in  the  s(dection  of  lands,  whicli  correction  is 
there  made  accordingly,  but  he  did  not  produce  the  contract. 

T.  C.  JONKS. 

I,  James  Btnin,  a  notary  jmblic,  w  ithin  and  for  the  county  of  Hennepin,  and  State  of 
Minnesota,  do  hereby  certify  that  the  above-named  T.  B.  Walker,  Levi  Butler,  S.  A. 
Harris,  W.  W.  Hale,  Georfje  B.  Wright,  William  W.  Eastman,  John  J).  Laittre,  Henry 
T.Welles,  S.  W.Farnham,  Dorihm  Morrison,  Mahlon  Black,  .Jonathan  Chase,  W.  H.l^aw- 
reuce,  A\  illiani  P.  Ankeny,  John  B.  Giltillan  and  C.  A.  Gihnan,  were  by  me  duly  attirnied 
to  testify  the  truth,  and  nothing  but  the  truth,  toucning  the  nnitteis  under  invttstiga- 
tiou  before  the  conmiissioners  appointed  by  the  United  States  Commissioner  of  Indian 
Atlairs,  by  direction  of  the  Secretary  of  the  Interior,  to  investigate  the  claims  of  per- 
sons claiming  to  have  made  entries  to  lands  under  certilicates  issued  to  the  Chippewa 
lialf-breed  Indians,  of  I^ake  Superior,  or  under  applications  made!  by  such  half-breeds, 
and  that  the  depositions  by  them  respectively  subscribed  were  reduced  to  writing  by 
me,  or  in  my  ])resence,  and  were  signed  by  them  in  luy  presence. 

In  testimony  wher-iof  I  have  hereunto  altixed  my' name  and  notarial  seal  th(! 
dav  of  August,  A.  i>.  1H7"J. 

<  xoTAifiAi,  I  JAMES  P.EAX, 

(      SHAL.      ^  yolary  Public,  thxm-piu  Coiiiily,  AJiiiiwHolu. 


Statk  UK  Cai.ikokma, 

Voiiiitij  of  San  i'niudxco,  sn : 
Wil.MAJi  S.  CiiAi'AtAX,  being  first  duly  sworn,  deposes  and  says  : 

I  amforty-fivc  j'earsof  age.  I  have  lived  in  Nevada  and  California  during  the  last  nine 
years.  My  occupation  is  dealing  in  real  estate.  During  the  years  IHtif*  and  lH(i7  I  ob- 
tained from  C.  W.  Thomiison  and  Franklin  Steele,  of  Minnesota,  the  eighteen  pieres  of 
Chippewa  half-breed  scrijt  described  in  the  annexed  schedule — thos(»  designated  C.  W. 
T.  from  said  Thomi>son  and  those  designated  F.  S.  from  Franklin  Steele,  and  i)aid  and 
agreed  to  pay  for  the  same  from  one  and  a  quarter  to  two  and  a  half  dollars  \u'r  acre. 
I  located  the  said  scrip  at  the  time  and  on  the  lands  specilied  in  the  annexed  schedule, 
the  value  of  which  lands,  resptjctively,  I  believe  to  be  as  thertiin  stated,  I  obtained 
and  located  the  said  scrip  in  g(tod  faith,  never  having  heard  the  regularity  and  h'gality 
of  its  issue  questioned  before  the  location  of  that  class  of  scrip  was  suspended  by  order 
of  the  General  Laud-Ollicc  in  the  year  1871. 

WM.  S.  CHAPMAN. 

Subscribed  and  sworn  to  before  me  the  29tl)  day  of  November,  A.  I).  lH75i. 
IsKAr.oi'NOTAHV.]  E.  O.  WEtJENER, 

A'o/«»7/  I'lihlic. 


B. 

icf,  to  txmht  Mr. 
■,  IHCi'J,  iiiovioiis 

wv.rti  Home,  iiint- 
Tlit*  lands  wfic 
bH('<iiiunt  to  my 

iirchasiul  l>y  you 

iv  of  tlie  \vli()]t\ : 
ly  one  fl«n.  lie 
lie  wiw  iiiirclias- 

)lo  toanHwor  the 
land  Ht'lectc'd. 
irHolf;  if  not,  lor 
i(;ct<td  with  him. 
tliu  apitlications 
lid.     I  wrote  the 

:.  A.  OILMAN. 

rnian  of  the  com 
«  to  the  contract 
0  that  he  tindHlie 
liuh  correction  in 

T.  C.  JONES. 

pin,  and  State  of 
,ovi  Hntlcr,  S.  A. 
).  Laittre,  Henry 
haHc,  W.  ll.Law- 
ine  duly  atlirmcd 
nnder  inve»tiy;ii- 
k^ioner  of  Indiiin 
u)  claiin.«  of  jicr- 
:o  tin-  Cliippewii 
ucli  lialf-lirceds, 
cd  to  writinj;  liy 

1  Mcal  tli(! 

i:S  I'.KAN, 

iiitjj,  lUiiiiieHola. 


linn  t'"'  '"***  "'"" 
if)  and  1H('»7  I  ol>- 
i>j;ht«'en  pieces  of 
]c«ij{naled  C.  \V. 
I(^  and  ]>iiid  and 
♦lollarH  ))er  acre, 
nn^xt^d  Hchednlc, 
ted.  I  obtained 
rity  anil  lefrality 
peinhul  by  order 

S.  CIlArMAN. 

IH72. 
EtJENKK, 

yolani  I'lihhc. 


CHIPPEWA   HALF-KREEDS    OF    LAKE    SUPERIOR. 


307 


u 


A        ■'        f 

£ ?    .   .   .   . 


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ii 


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ai. 


308 


CHIPPEWA    HALF-HREEDS    OF    LAKE    SUPERIOR. 


No.  10. 

ScilKi»l"i,K  l\.~Shoirinf)  enlritH  on  Millr  Lae  rcHerralinii  rJaimcd  hif  //.  T.  IVelh  heforc  the 
comnmnioH,  and  irjrvtcd,  tliv  reHtTratiou  being  mill  in  the  ovcupanvji  oj  the  Chippewa  In- 
dians, 


108 
106 
1 
25 
S4 
3» 
90 
69 
80 
77 
62 
60 
59 
58 
57 

SO 
37 

4 

90 
94 
97 
98 
13 

5 
11 

3 

6 
360 
9li4 
i274 

348 

180 
873 
S49 

139 

311 
343 

887 
138 
846 
8<,t3 

i>>s 

145 

207 
2(>6 
867 
847 
844 
270 
159 
S!ia 
86:i 
855 
842 
871 
8*25 
854 


Nama  of  tlio  porHon  to 
whom  tlio foititicalo  i« 
iHHiied, 


Mary  RoHhe 

Sirvin  KftHlie 

Chnrleo  Bottineau  . 
Marie  Prranteaii  . . 
Johu  B.  Poranteau. 
Isabella  Poranteaii 

Margaret  Noltii 

Genevieve  Nolin  . . 
Charles  Loro<iiie ... 
Agathe  Laranco  . . . 

Marie  Uagnan 

Bazil  Dolorine 

Margaret  Delorme. 

John  B.  Fian 

Josette  Fiaii 


Maria  Golemean 

Louis  Smith 

Margaret  Brenean 

Catharine  Done 

Emily  Smith..: 

Nancv  Small 

William  Small 

Aiitoiue  Beauchamp  . . 
Philarite  Beauchamp . 
Augelic  Beauchamp  . . 

I.o8ette  Bo.yer 

Maria  Beauchamp  . . . . 

Josett«  Nolin 

Celestie  Perantean  ... 
Francis  Henville,  sr. . . 


Jane  Murray 

.Tohn  Ferguson  . . . 
Margaret  ReviUo  . 
Thorise  Mongul... 

Paul  Bovie 


Josephte  Jcntou  . . 

K(l  ward  Marian 

Mndaline  Sire 

Marfcaret  Bovie 

Bapti8t«  Mousitte  . 
Joseph  Soyard,  jr . . 
David  Sanderson  . . 

Juan  B.  Colin 

Louise  Irvin  

Maria  Peltier 

Siisnn  Peltier 

Madaline  Milium.. 

Jean  B.  Miro 

Ellen  Patrns 

Peter  Declieulan  . . 

Joseph  Soyard 

Julia  Parlier 

John  Xolin 

Marjjnret  McGillis 
Monifne  P«>reance. 

Julia  Lepine 

Madaliuu  Morin... 


By  whom  located. 


Henry  T.  Wells. 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 


.do. 
.do. 
.do. 
do. 
.do. 
.do. 
.do. 
.do. 
.do. 
.do. 
.do. 
.do. 
.do. 
.do. 
.do. 

.do. 

.do. 
.do. 
.do. 


.do. 

.do. 
.do. 
.do. 
.do. 
.do. 


.do. 
.do. 
.do. 
.do. 


.do. 
.do. 
.do. 
.do. 
.do. 
.do. 
.do. 
.do. 
.do. 
.do. 
.do. 
.do. 
.do. 


Designation  of  the  tract  located  in  satisfaction 
of  the  niixed-blonilsof  tlieChipiiewasof  Lake 
Superior  certiticate. 


Part  of  section. 


S.4S.E.1 

N.l  S.W.i 

S.iN.E.i 

S.JS.W.i 

N.iN.E.i 

S.iS.E.i 

N.iS.E.i 

S.*N.E.i 

N.4S.E.i 

S.iN.W.i 

0.  V  S.  hi.  {■•--■■■••■-■■■■••■•■* 

S.tN.W.i 

N.iKW.J 

S.JS.W.J 

S.  E.  1  of  S.  W.  and  S.  W.  of 
N.E.J. 

W.JN.W.J 

N.^  S. E. i 

S.iN.E.i 

N.4S.W.* 

N.4S.E.i*. 

&>  S  di  Midt  {••  ■••>■>■•••■■•■••■•• 

N.4S.E.J 

N.JN.E.J 

8.  i  N.  W.  i 


N.JN.W.l. 

n.Sn.~  ' 


S.iS.E.i.. 
"  _  i.\V. 

E. 


S.  E.  1  8. 


iN.E.i.... 
lS.E.i.... 
5S.E.iS.  W.J 

^:i " 


I  and  lot  4. 


E.  i  N.  W.  i  . . 
S.W.J 


N.  J  S.  E.  J  . 

n.In.w.j 

(  N.  W.  i  N.  W.  J 
i  N.  E.  i  N.  E.  i . . 

8.iS.W.J 

N.  4N.  W.i , 

S.JS.E.1 

.S.|N.W.i 

N.  iS.W.l 

S.4  N.W.J 

N.JN.W.J 

N.JN.E.J 

N.  4  S.  W.  J 

N.  J  S.  E.  J 

S.  J  N.K.J 

W.iS.W.J 

N.  i  S.  W.  J 

S.4S.KJ. 


N.JN.  E.J.. 
E.  I  N.  W.  J  . 


E.  JS.  W.J. 

S-JS-K.J 

E.  JS.E.J 

K.'i  N.E.J 

S.J  S.E.J. 


^ 


E.  4  S.W.J. 


86 
36 
27 
8fi 
37 
23 
26 
26 
33 
86 
31 
27 
87 
33 
22 

82 
81 
31 
23 
18 
18 
27 
81 
18 
18 
36 
37 
30 
34 
33 
21 
28 
17 
34 
34 
38 
39 
34 
35 
34 
34 
34 
21 
21 
34 
34 
82 
23 
20 
S3 
14 
30 
30 
14 
30 
20 
34 
12 
13 


43 
42 
42 
43 
43 
42 
42 
43 
43 
43 
42 
43 
43 
42 
42 

42 
42 
43 
43 
43 
43 
43 
42 
43 
'43 
43 
43 
43 
43 
43 

43 

42 
42 
43 

43 

43 
43 
43 
42 
42 
43 
42 
43 
43 
43 
43 
43 
43 
43 
43 
43 
43 
43 
43 
43 
43 
43 


27 
27 
27 
87 
37 
37 
37 
27 
27 
27 
27 
27 
27 
37 
27 

27 
27 
37 
27 
37 
27 
27 
27 
27 
27 
27 
27 
27 
87 
27 

87 

27 

27 
27 

27 

37 
27 
27 
27 
27 
27 
27 
27 
37 
35 
35 
25 
25 
25 
2r) 
35 
35 
3.") 
35 
25 


Rbmarks.— Entries  on  Mille  Lac  reservation  claimed  by  U.  T.  Wells,  and  rejected  bv  the  commission. 

T.  C.  JONES. 
EDWD.  P.  SMITH. 


DR. 


CHIPPEWA    HALF-BREEDS    OF    LAKE    SUPERIOR. 


309 


Hn:! 


IVeUH  before  the 
the  Chippewa  In- 


ted  in  satiHfactinn 
JliippuwuHot'  Laku 


A 

Section. 

.a 

00 

1 

1 

96 

49 

37 

36 

43 

37 

..       97 

43 

27 

.       96 

49 

27 

97 

43 

27 

99 

48 

27 

..       86 

43 

97 

.       96 

43 

27 

99 

43 

37 

..       96 

43 

37 

..       31 

48 

27 

..       97 

43 

27 

..       97 

43 

27 

..       83 

43 

27 

f        93 

43 

27 

..       28 

43 

37 

81 

43 

37 

..       91 

43 

87 

..       89 

43 

37 

..       18 

43 

37 

..        18 

48 

37 

..       97 

43 

37 

91 

43 

27 

..        18 

43 

27 

18 

43 

97 

..       36 

43 

27 

37 

43 

37 

30 

43 

87 

34 

43 

97 

38 

43 

97 

.       31 
38 

|49 

97 

17 

48 

27 

34 

49 

27 

34 

49 

27 

.       38 
89 

|49 

27 

.       34 

43 

27 

35 

43 

97 

.       34 

43 

27 

34 

43 

27 

34 

43 

27 

91 

43 

27 

31 

43 

27 

.       34 

43 

37 

34 

43 

37 

83 

43 

25 

83 

43 

2r. 

30 

43 

25 

83 

43 

25 

14 

43 

25 

30 

43 

95 

.        30 

43 

25 

.        14 

43 

25 

30 

43 

35 

90 

43 

35 

34 

43 

25 

12 

43 

35 

13 

42 

35 

IV  tlio  f 

nmiiiissioii. 

JONKi 

V 

!V.   P. 

SMIT 

11. 

o 
in 


re: 


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s 


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Section. 

S3;«"SS33S3"S  =  35irfS?i?!Sgi?iS2?;a^S222'- •■='-" 

I 


it 


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<u  o 


»3 


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^  _ 


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«  n  rs  = 


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i.i-i<   . 


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■I  I 


■: 


310 


CHIPPEWA    IIALF-URKEDS    OP    LAKE    Sl'PERIOR. 


-3 


a 
o 

f 


c§ 


2 
I 


•=3 

S  :3 


^;- 


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(llllHUAlOX 


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(•IIII'I'KWA    IIALF-HRKKDS   OF    LAKH    SUI'KUIOK, 


311 


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71    CI      !tf      rc    -^  —  71 


■  'A  ".i  'J  71  7'  71  71  7'  7'  : 


312 


ClIiri'KWA    IIAM'-UKKKD.S    OF    I-AKK    JSLirKKIOK. 


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f-tr^r^^nMr^r^r^.**!      'm    *      ' 


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f'llIl'PKWA    IIALF-nKKKDS    Or    LAKK    SUPERIOR. 


313 


5  5    S    g  i§2 
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^^^nnnT^h^i   ?l   h    '•  h 


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ij    -d    ^  ;« ;j  y 


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esse    o    c  =  3    o 

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I.')     n    o  >n  >n  >^  to  to  1/3  ic   to   to  to  to  to  ko  to  to  to  lo  to  t.0  to 


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314 


cmri'EWA    HALr-HKEEDS    OF    LAKE    Sri'ERIOR. 


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CHIPPEWA    HALF-IIREEDS    OF    LAKE    .SUPERIOR. 


315 


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it:: 


316 


CHIPPEWA    IIALF-nREEDS    OF    LAKE    SUPERIOR. 


Department  op  the  Intekior, 

WaHhutfjfoH,  IK  C,  March  1!»,  1872. 

Sir:  1  have  hmX  miaer  eoiisulcrntion  your  report  of  March  8,  1872,  in 
n'liitioii  to  frauds  eonruMitcd  with  the  issuance  of  what  has  been  called 
''scrip,''  under  the  seventh  clause  of  the  second  article  of  the  treaty 
concluded  at  La  roiute,  in  the  State  of  Wisconsin,  on  the  30th  of  Sep- 
tember, l.S.~>4,  by  Henry  C.  (lilbert  and  David  1>.  Ilerrinian,  commission- 
ers on  the  part  of  the  United  States,  and  the  ('hippewa  liulians  of  Lake 
Superior  and  the  Mississippi. 

This  clause  is  in  the  following  words: 

Eiicli  lioad  of  II  fiiinily  (»r  Kindle  ptMHon  over  twoiity-uiie  yciirs  of  ajjo,  at  tlie  pioscnt 
fiiiic,  «>l'  tilt)  iiii.\t>(l-lii()(iil.s  boliiii^iii^  to  tliH  (Jlii|tpHWii.s  of  l^ako  Suiicrior,  Hliall  buoii- 
titlt'tl  to  <'ij;lity  acres  of  laud,  to  bo  HolccttMl  by  tlimn  uiider  tlie  diri-etion  of  tlio  I'reNi- 
tloDt,  and  which  shall  bu  secMinid  tu  tboiii  liy  patent  in  tho  usual  form. 

The  construction  of  this  clause  is  maiufest.  It  gives  each  head  of  a 
family  or  single  i)erson  over  twenty-one  years  of  age,  on  the  .'30th  of 
September,  1854,  the  date  of  the  treaty,  who  is  of  the  mixed  bloods 
belonging  to  the  Chippewas  of  Lake  Superior,  eighty  acres  of  land,  to 
bo  selected  under  direction  of  the  President,  and  to  he  secured  by  pat- 
ent. Its  object  was  to  secure  to  tho  persons  therein  described  laiid,  and 
it  makes  no  provision  for  giving  them  anything  else. 

Under  this  treaty  the  Department  of  tlie  Interior,  some  time  in  1860, 
authorized  a  certificate  to  be  issued  to  each  person  embraced  in  the  sai(l 
seventh  clause,  on  sullicient  proof;  which  was  intended  to  certify  simply 
that  such  person  was  a  beneliciary  under  said  seventh  clause.  This 
certificate  clearly  intended  this  and  nothing  else,  for  it  expressly  for- 
bade auy  sale,  transfer,  mortgage,  assignment,  or  pledge  thereof,  or  any 
right  uiider  it.  It  declared  that  the  psitent  for  lands  located  by  virtue 
of  such  certificate  should  issue  din'ctly  to  the  ]>aivv  named  therein  or 
his  heirs;  that  it  should  in  no  wise  inure  to  the  ktuoeSt  of  any  other 
person;  that  the  object  and  ])urpose  of  the  certirtcate  was  to  identifi/ 
the  person  to  whom  it  wfis  given  as  being  entitled  to  the  benefit  of  the 
seventh  clause  of  the  second  article  of  the  treaty.  The  form  of  this 
certificate  was  subsequently  changed  by  the  J>ei)artment  in  some  imma- 
terial particulars,  but  the  same  restrictions  against  the  sale  or  assign- 
ment of  the  certificate  were  continued,  and  the  same  declaration,  tliat 
its  object  was  to /J('<(^//// the  party  named  as  being  entitled  to  the  benefit 
of  the  provisions  of  the  seventh  clause  of  the  second  article  of  tho  treaty, 
was  retained. 

Under  the  n foresaid  regulations  certificates  were  issued  to  two  hun- 
dred and  seventy-eight  persons  whose  certificates  have  always  been 
known  as  the  '-(.lilbert  scrip,"  and  the  evidence  justifies  the  belief  that 
this  scrip  was  issued  to  persons  entitled  to  the  benefits  of  the  seventh 
clause  of  the  second  article  of  said  treaty.  I  am,  theiefbre,  of  opinion, 
and  so  advise  your  ollice,  that  i)iitents  should  be  issued  to  all  of  the  per- 
sons, or  their  heirs  if  deceased,  who  hold  what  is  known  as  the  "Gilbert 
scri[»."  It  should  be  distinctly  reineml)en'd  that  these  patents  must  issue 
to  the  persons  to  whom  the  scrip  was  issued,  or  their  legal  heirs,  and 
to  no  one  else. 

The  report  of  the  commission  composed  of  ]\ressrs.  Xcal,  Smith,  and 
Crowell,  referred  to  in  vour  communicuition,  affords  satisfactory  evi- 
dence that  the  twenty-one  additional  ])ersons  in  whose  favor  the  majority 
of  said  commission  report,  and  the  twenty-four  ])ei  sons  named  in  report 
of  Agent  Smith,  dated  (5th  instant,  are  entitled  to.  receive  patents  for 
eighty  acres  of  land  each,  subject  to  the  same  restrictions  and  limita- 
tions as  have  been  provided  for  the  holders  of  the  "(Jilbert  scrip.'" 


R. 

[Ott, 

h  10,  1872. 
3h  8,  1872,  ill 
i  been  called 
>f  the  tn^aty 
30tli  of  Hep- 
coin  mission- 
iiaiis  of  Lalvo 


,  at  flie  prosciit 
ior,  hIihII  be  on- 
Ml  of  tlic  I'reNi- 

ch  liead  of  a 
I  tlie  .'iOth  of 
mixed-bloods 
(8  of  land,  to 
nred  by  pat- 
)ed  laiiJ,  and 

time  in  1860, 
id  in  tbc  Hai(l 
ertify  simply 
dausc.  Tliis 
'xpressly  for- 
lereof,  or  any 
ed  by  virtue 
id  therein  or 
of  any  other 
IS  to  idcnti/i/ 
)enetit  of  the 
form  of  this 
some  imma- 
de  or  assigii- 
a  rat  ion,  that 
0  the  benefit 
>f  the  treaty, 

to  two  liun- 
filways  been 
le  belief  that 
the  seventh 
,  of  opinion, 
11  of  the  per- 
the  "(Gilbert 
s in nst issue 
\1  heirs,  and 

Smith,  and 

factory  evi- 

tlie  nuijoi'ity 

led  in  report 

patents  for 

and  limita- 

s(aip." 


ClIirPKWA    1IALF-I5KFKI>S    OF    hAKK    Sl'I'KUIOK. 


317 


It  appears,  from  a  further  examination  ofthiscase,  that  on  the  18th  of 
May,  1803,  the  then  Se(!retary  of  the  Interior,  Mr.  Tsher,  by  letter  to 
the  (JommisHioner  of  Indian  Atfairs,  was  understood  to  chaii};e  the  rule 
of  evidence  theretofore  adopted  by  your  OlUce  in  rcfjard  to  the  persons 
entitled  tolaiid  under  said  seventh  dansoof  the  second  article  of  the  treaty 
of  1804.  The  effect  of  this  clianj-e  Inus,  without  doubt,  resulted  in  the 
issuance  of  scrip  to  a  lar^e  nninber  of  persons  not  entitled  to  the  bene- 
fits of  the  treaty.  It  has  also  resulted  in  extensive  and  systematic 
frauds,  by  which  scrip  has  been  issued  to  fictitious  persons,  and  many 
others  not  embraced  in  said  seventh  clause,  and  aiipareiitly  for  the  bene- 
fit only  of  those  who  had  contrived  this  scheme  for  the  purpose  of  pri- 
vate gaiu  and  speculation. 

By  the  construction  of  your  Oftice  put  upon  Mr.  Usher's  letter  of  the 
18th  of  May,  1803,  proof  of  actual  residence  among  or  contiguous  to 
the  Chippewas  of  Lake  Superior  and  the  Mississippi  at  the  date  of  the 
treaty,  was  no  longer  required  of  claimants  under  said  seventh  clause ; 
and  under  thiscoustruction,  wherever  a  person  could  be  found,  no  mat- 
ter where  located,  who  claimed  to  belong,  or  who  claimed  that  he  ever 
did  belong,  to  the  Cbippewas  of  Lake  Superior,  he  was  entitled  to  re- 
ceive, and  did  receive,  od  application,  such  scrip.  This  construction  of 
the  treaty  provisions  has  led  to  the  frauds,  irregularities,  and  illegali- 
ties before  referred  to.  I  have  therefore  to  direct  that  this  construction 
be  reversed  ;  believing  as  I  do  that  no  one  is  entitled  to  the  benefits  of 
said  seventh  clause  unless  he  ^'  belonged"  to  the  Chippewas  of  Lake 
Superior  at  the  date  of  Hie  treaty.  The  words  of  said  seventh  clause  are, 
"  belonging  to  the  Chippewas  of  Lake  Superior,"  and  in  order  to  receive 
the  benefits  thereof,  the  party  entitled  must  have  been  in  the  condition 
therein  specified  at  the  date  of  the  treaty. 

All  the  so-called  "  scrip"  issued  under  this  treaty,  except  such  as  is 
denominated  the  Gilbert  *'  scrip,"  is  so  tainted  by  the  actual  and  clearly 
established  frauds  practiced  in  issuing  it  under  the  construction  before 
referred  to,  as,  in  my  opinion,  to  deprive  these  certificates  of  any  value 
or  validity,  even  for  the  purpose  of  determining  the  identity  of  the  per- 
sons entitled  to  the  benefits  of  the  treaty.  Therefore,  besides  reversing 
the  construction  of  the  treaty  under  the  decision  of  Secretary  Usher  as 
aforesaid,  I  have  to  direct  that  all  the  so-called  "  scrip "  forming  the 
subject  of  your  report  and  that  of  the  commissioners  before  referred  to, 
except  the  Gilbert  "  scrip,"  be  declared  illegal,  fraudulent,  and  void  ; 
and  all  entries  of  land  made  with  such  scrip  and  unpatented  should  be 
canceled. 

Upon  the  evidence  submitted  by  the  commission  and  by  the  letter  of 
Agent  Smith  dated  the  0th  instant,  it  is  found  that  the  forty-five  persons 
described  in  the  recommendations  numbered  3  and  4  of  your  report 
dated  the  8th  instant  are  each  entitled  to  eighty  acres  of  land  under  the 
seventh  clause  of  the  second  article  of  the  treaty  aforesaid.  These  per- 
sons should  receive  patents  under  the  same  regulations  and  restrictions 
as  are  provided  for  the  persons  holding  the  so-called  "Gilbert  scrip." 

I  have  further  to  direct  that  hereafter  any  persons  claiming  the  bene- 
fits of  the  seventh  clause  of  the  second  article  of  the  treaty  aforesaid, 
shall  be  required,  first,  to  appear  before  an  Indian  agent  within  whose 
jurisdiction  he  resides,  and  make  proof  under  the  sanction  of  an  oath, 
to  the  satisfaction  of  said  agent,  that  he  or  she,  at  the  date  of  said  treaty, 
was  the  head  of  a  family  or  a  single  person  over  twenty-one  years  of  age, 
of  the  mixed-bloods  belonging  to  the  Chippewas  of  Lake  Superior  at 
th^t  date.  When  such  proof  is  made,  said  Indian  agent,  if  satisfied  that 
the  applicant  is  entitled  to  locate  land  under  said  seventh  clause,  shall 


•II 

i 


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) 


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:j  1 8 


(•llll'I'KNVA    IIAM'-IIKKr.DS   <)l'    LAKK    HUPKIIIOU. 


<l<'|>osit  tli<>  saiiio  with  tlu^  ro^'istrr  of  t)i(>  laiul-ollln'  wiMiiu  wliostt  distrit't 
tli«>  laud  is  sitiiati'd  to  wliirli  llio  iMMicliciary  iinilt'i-saitl  tri'iit.y  isciitillrti, 
^ivin;;  with  it  a  rcrtilicato  «>!'  his  opiiiioti  in  wiitiii;;'  that  tlu;  |>«h'soii  ap- 
plyiti;;  is  (>iititl(>«l  to  (>iv:lit.v  ticras  of  land  under  tlin  treaty  aioroHaiil ; 
wht^rcnpon  said  pei'son  shall  he  entitled  to  etder,  by  proper  d(^s(•ription, 
the  tract  whieh  he  desires. 

The  register  of  the  land  olTlee  shidi  thereupon  transmit  all  the  |iupors, 
in(;ludin^'  the  eertillcateof  tlu^  Indian  a^ent  and  <hvseript.ion  ol  the  tract 
seleeted,  tt>  th(>  Conindssiiuier  of  th(>  (ien<-ral  liand-Olhee. 

On  reeeipt  of  such  pipers  by  th(« ( 'onitnissioner  of  the  (ienerid  Land 
oniee,  he  shall  transnnt  the  same  to  the  Coinndssioner  of  Indian  Atl'airs 
for  his  approval.  If  approved  by  tln^  ronunissioner  of  Indian  AtVairs 
they  shall  be  presented  to  the  Seer«'tary  of  the  Interior  for  his  approval, 
ami  when  ajiproved  by  the  Secretary  of  the  Interior  they  shall  be  re- 
turiuMl  to  the  C7onnnissi«nier  of  the  (ieneral  liiiinlOIUce,  who  will  then 
bi^  authori/ud  to  eontlnn  thi^  entry  and  issui;  ii  ]>atent  for  the  land  therein 
described;  and  hercnfter  no  certiliiMdeof  identity  shall  be  issued  to  any 
person  claiming;  land  under  .saiti  treuty,  and  no  patent  shall  be  issued  to 
any  person  clainnn;;'  the  beiu'tlts  of  saiii  seveidh  clause  oi'  said  treaty 
except  in  the  nninner  herein  provided. 

A  copy  of  this  letter  will  be  transmitted  to  the  IJtniimissioner  of  the 
<ieueral  liaiul-Ollice,  who  will  be  directed  in  the  administration  of  his 
Otlice  to  conform  t«t  the  dei;isions  ami  conclusions  herein  expressed. 


Very  respectively,  your  obedient  servant, 


C.  DKI.ANO, 


tSivrctary. 


lion.  I'\  A.  WAf-KKit, 

Coiumissioiwr  of  InilUtn  Affairs. 

[llKlorSOIIKMlts.] 

Copies  sent  to  A;;('uts  Clark  and  Sadtli  ^fay  I  and  .June  4, 1872,  re- 
spectively. 
(\)py  sent  to  Henry  Ueard,  with  letter,  .luno  7,  1872. 
See  report  to  Hon.  Secretary  of  the  Interior,  February  20,  1S7;J. 
Copy  sent  to  A«jent  Douglass,  .January  13, 1874. 
Copy  sent  to  Agent  Hetts,  Febnuiry  2,  1871. 


DlU'AllTMKNT  OF  TIIR  INTEIMOR, 

Offjck  of  Indian  Affairs, 

March  M,  1872. 

Sir:  1  have  the  honor  to  return  the  telegram  from  D.Morrison,  esq., 
dated  the  2t5tU  instant,  received  by  reference  from  yourself  under  date 
of  the  2Sth  instant,  asking  that  action  upon  Department  decision  of  the 
loth  instant,  relative  to  the  cancellation  of  certain  Chippewa  halt-breed 
scrip,  be  stayed  for  a  few  weeks,  with  the  remark  that  this  Otlice  can  see 
no  good  reason  for  such  delay. 

Very  respectfully,  vour  obedient  servant, 

*  '    '  if.  A.  WALKER, 

Commissioner. 

The  Hon.  Secretary  of  the  Interior 


cmi'PKWA    HAM'-MRKKDH    ol"    I-AKK    SUI'KIMOK. 


310 


hEl'AUTMKNT  (>F   TIIK    iNTKIlloll, 

Oki-kk  (H"  Indian  Ai  taikm, 

April  I!>,  IST'J. 

Silt:  I  Iiiivr  I  Ik-  liniinr  to  iKiUiiowhHljjo  Uw  n'cj'ipt,  l»y  ivfori'iicii  from 
,voui'.s(>lt',  of  a  li-ttcr  tVotii  n.  (i<>o.  MoitInoii,  csri.,  rclafivo  U)  the  rluiiiis 
itl'rntaiii  iiairitrrt'd  Mi'iiiixtMl-hlood  Indians  hclon^nn^^  to  tlici  riiippewas 
(»t'  liaU<^  Superior,  I  r  lands  iindor  tlHi  provisions  of  tlio  s<»v«uitli  clausji 
of  tlir  second  artieu-  of  tlie  treaty  with  said  Intiians,  eonelnded  Septem- 
ber .'{(»,  isr.t. 

I  am  nimble  from  anytbiii;;  eontained  in  tlio  letter  of  Mr.  Morrison 
to  aseertain  the  nam(>s  of  tlu^  claimants  wliom  he  professes  to  represent ; 
but  1  transmit,  hertnvitli,  a  copy  of  tlx^  dtuMsion  of  the  lion.  Sec- 
retary of  the  Interior,  dated  tin;  ItUh  of  Mar(;h  last,  upon  tln^  app]i(;a- 
tioiis  of  all  persons  claiming;  to  be  entitled  t<»  lands  under  the  fore;;'oiii;;; 
Irt'aty  provision,  toficther  witli  iianu's  of  forty-live  persons  who  have 
madi^  application  and  are  decided  to  be  so  entitled. 
iMr.  Morrison's  letter  is  hen^with  returned. 
N'ery  rcspe«'tfully,  your  obedient  servant, 

F.  A.  WALKKU, 
'  t'ommisHioner. 

Uou.  A.  Uamsk.y, 

United  Stdtvs  SrHiiie, 


Dki'Artmi'.nt  ov  tiik  Inieuiou, 

Ui'i'icE  OF  Indian  Affairs, 
,  May  1,  J87L'. 

Siu:  I  imrlose  herewith  for  your  information  and  direction  a  copy  of 
tlu>  ilecision  of  the  lion.  Secretary  «)f  the  Interior,  dated  the.  i^tli 
of  Manih  last,  relative  to  the  issuance  of  scrip  under  tlio  provisions  of 
the  seveiiih  (^lausi^  of  the  se(!ond  artideof  the  treaty  with  tho  Chippewa 
Indians  of  Lake  Superior  and  the  Mississippi,  concluded  September  30, 
isr»4,  and  directions  as  to  the  re^julations  to  be  hereafter  observed  in 
makiiijjappli(!ation8  for  land  under  the  provisions  of  said  seventh  clause 
of  the  treaty  aforesaid. 

You  will  }»'<'^t''"'i  your  action  in  conformity  with  the  terms  of  the 
above-named  «lecision  and  instructions,  in  all  cases  where  application 
may  be  made  before  you  for  land  by  parties  claiminj;'  to  be  beneticiaries 
under  the  above-mentioned  treaty  ju'ovision. 

Verv  rospectfullv,  voiir  obedient  servant, 

r.  A.  WALKErt, 

Commissioner. 
S.  N.  Clauk,  Esf]., 

I'nited  IStates  Indian  Agent,  liai/Jiald,  Wis.     . 

Same  sent  .lune  4,  1871,*,  to  K.  J*.  Smith,  esq.,  United  States  Fiulian 
4iyent,  White  Earth,  Minn. 

Juno  7,  1872,  to  llenry  Beard,  esq.,  AVashington,  I).  C. 

.lune  1(5,  1873,  to  11.  E.  Crowell,  esq.,  Saint  I'aul,  Minn. 

.lanuary  13,  1874,  to  E.  Douglass,  esq.,  United  States  Indian  agent. 
White  Earth,  Minn. 

February  2,  1874,  to  (Jeorge  I.  Betts,  esq.,  United  States  Indiau 
agent,  Lansing,  Mich. 


I-!' 


•!■ 


i  ! 


320 


CHIPPEAVA    HALF-BREEDS    OF    LAKE    SUPERIOR. 


,  Department  or  the  iNTERtoK, 

I  "-  Office  of  Indian  Affairs. 

May  20,  1872. 
Sir  :  I  have  the  liouor  to  acknowledge  the  receipt  by  reference  from 
you  of  a  letter  from  D.  Geo.  Morrison,  esq.,  relative  to  the  claiuis  of 
certain  jjersons  representing  themselves  Jis  half-breed  Chippewa  Indians 
of  Lake  Superior,  to  participate  in  the  benefits  conferred  by  the  seventh 
clause  of  the  second  article  of  the  treaty  with  the  Chippewa  Indians  of 
Lake  Superior  and  the  Mississippi,  concluded  September  30,  1854. 

These  persons,  twenty-live  in  number,  (a  list  of  whom  accompanies 
Mr.  Morrison's  letter,)  all  made  personal  application  to  the  register  and 
receiver  of  the  land-otiice  at  l)u  Luth,  Minn.,  for  lands  under  the  pro- 
visions of  the  above-named  treaty,  and  their  claims  were  recognized 
and  approved  at  that  office. 

Subsequently  the  special  commissioner  appointed  to  investigate  and 
ascertain  who  were  actually  entitled  to  the  benefits  of  the  clause  of  the 
treaty  aforesaid,  reported  on  the  4th  of  September  last  adversely  upon 
the  claims  of  all  the  parties  named  in  Mr.  Morrison's  communication, 
with  three  exceptions.  These  exceptions  are  Joseph  Berard,  Marie 
Cadotte,  now  Mrs.  Berard,  and  Adam  Kozeneau. 

The  Hon.  Secretary  of  the  Interior,  basing  his  action  upon  the  report 
of  said  commission  and  the  recommendation  of  this  Office,  in  hisdecision 
dated  the  19th  of  March  last,  rejected  the  claims  for  land  of  all  the  par- 
ties named  in  Mr.  Morrison's  letter,  with  the  exceptions  above  mentioned^ 
I  return  herewith  the  le;tter  of  Mr.  Morrison,  together  with  the  in- 
closure. 

Very  respectfully,  your  obedient  servant, 

H.  R.  CLUM, 
J  Acting  Commissioner, 

Hon.  Alex.  Ramsey, 

United  States  Senate. 


Superior,  Wis.,  November  29, 1872. 

Dear  Sir  :  I  respectfully  ask  the  favor  of  your  attention  to  the  mat- 
ter of  the  claims  of  certain  half-breed  Chippewas  of  Lake  Superior, 
twenty-five  in  number,  whose  names  are  already  before  your  Depart- 
ment. 

It  is  unnecessary  to  repeat  again  the  circumstances  under  which  they 
have  severally  become  entitled  to  the  claims  they  represent.  The  rec- 
ords of  the  Commissioner  of  the  General  Land-Office,  and  the  corre- 
spondence hei'etofore  addressed  your  Department  upon  the  subject,  will 
show  correctly  that,  by  the  treaty  at  La  Pointe,  September  30,  1854, 
they  have  just  claims  upon  the  Government,  and  if  they  have  been  neg- 
ligent or  slow  to  press  these  claims  the  Government  for  that  reason  could 
not  very  well  evade  its  liability.  If  the  Government  has  been  already 
imposed  [upon]  by  others  falsely  representing  claims  under  provisions  of 
this  treaty,  it  should  not  affect  or  bar  out  those  who  have  just  claims. 

The  certificates  of  Vincent  Roy,  Bazil  Denis,  and  myself,  who  have 
known  the  parties  during  twenty-five  to  thirty  years,  should  be  proof 
in  fact  to  establish  everything,  so  far  as  information  is  desired. 

The  Indian  agent,  S.  N.  Clark,  esq.,  having  thoroughly  investigated 
the  circumstances  in  connection  with  said  claims,  is  satisfied  likewise 
that  they  are  right  and  just,  and  herewith  appears  his  certificate  or  in- 
dorsement to  that  effect. 


CHIPPEWA   HALF-BREEDS   OF   LAKE    SUPERIOR. 


321 


AIRS. 

y  20,  1872. 

ference  from 
le  claiuiH  of 
cwa  Indians 
the  seventh 
a  Indians  of 
,  1854. 
iceompauies 
register  and 
der  the  pro- 
recognized 

estigate  and 
lause  of  the 
tersely  upon 
iniunication, 
rard,  Marie 

n  the  report 
I  his  decision 
;'  all  the  par- 
i  meutioued^ 
with  the  in- 


missioner. 


20, 1872. 

to  the  mat- 
:e  Superior, 
our  Depart- 

which  they 
.    The  rec- 

the  corre- 
ubject.  will 
er  30,  1854, 
e  been  neg- 
eason  could 
een  already 
revisions  of 
St  claims. 

who  have 
Id  be  proof 
3d. 

rjvestigated 
ed  likewise 
icate  or  in- 


The  parties  themselves  being  unacquainted  with  the  manner  of  Jid- 
dressing  your  Department,  have  asked  me  to  aid  them  with  advice  and 
help  as  a  friend. 

They  now  sincerely  trust  that  you  will  do  all  in  your  power  to  help 
them,  and  that  you  will  instruct  or  have  the  Commissioner  of  the  Gen- 
eral Land-Oflflce  issue  patents  in  their  names,  severally,  for  the  lands  as 
described  in  their  respective  claims. 

I  remain  your  most  obedient  servant, 

D.  GEO.  MORRISON. 
Hon.  Commissioner  of  Indian  Affairs, 

Wanhington,  D.  C. 


Sir  :  The  following-named  persons,  balf-breed  Cbippewasof  Lake  Superior,  eigbteen 
in  number,  respectfully  claim  tbat,  accordiug  to  provisions  of  the  treaty  at  La 
Poiote,  September  :10,  18.54,  they  are  each  one  entitled  to  receive  eighty  acres  of 
public  lands  of  the  Government ;  that  they  have  never  received  any  lands  of  the  Gov- 
ernment, nor  scrip,  nor  money,  nor  any  other  consideration  in  discbarge  of  thd  same  ; 
that  according  to  the  provisions  of  said  treaty,  they  have,  on  the  3d  April,  1871, 
and  on  the  ]8  h  April,  1871,  applied  to  the  district  land-office  of  the  Government,  at 
Da  Luth,  Minn.,  fur  permission  to  locate  their  claims  upon  certain  lauds  in  said  dis- 
trict, and  their  applications  have  been  granted  by  the  register  and  receiver  of  said 
land-office,  who  have  issued  their  duplicates  or  certificates  for  certain  lands  in  that  dis- 
trict located  in  discbarge  of  their  respective  claims,  said  evidence  bearing  date  April 
3, 1871,  and  April  IH,  1871,  returns  of  which  have  been  duly  forwarded  to  the  Commis- 
sioner of  the  General  Laud-Offlee,  Washington,  where  they  are  presumed  to  be  on  file ; 
and  that  having  already  completed  their  respective  applications,  in  conformity  with  the 
treaty  aforesaid,  selected  their  lands,  and  located  tiieir  respective  claims  upon  the 
same,  they  now  respectfully  request  of  the  Government  patents  for  said  lands. 

The  names  of  said  persons,  with  descriptive  uetails  of  their  respective  claims,  are 
as  follows : 

No.  1.  Louise  Lendrie,  south  half  of  northeast  quarter,  section  31,  township  64, 
range  7,  80  acres. 

No.  2.  Therese  Cadotte,  south  half  of  southeast  quarter,  section  26,  township  64, 
range  6,  80  acres. 

No.  3.  Josette  Lendrie,  southwest  quarter  of  northeast  quarter  and  sontheast  quarter 
of  northwest  quarter,  section  30,  township  64,  range  7,  80  acres. 

No.  4.  Elizabeth  Roy,  lot  2,  and  northeast  of  southwest  quarter,  section  27,  township 
64,  range  7,  94.95  acres. 

No.  5.  Angelique  St.  John,  south  half  of  northwest  quarter,  section  31,  township  64, 
range  7,  80  acres. 

No.  6.  Josette  Du  fault,  north  half  of  northwest  quarter,  section  32,  township  64, 
range  7,  80  acres. 

No.  7.  Zoe  Roussain,  lots  3  and  5,  section  28,  township  64,  range  7,  88.23  acres. 

No.  8.  Marie  Cadotte,  lot  4,  section  28,  lot  1,  section  32,  lot  1,  section  33,  township 
64,  range  7,  97.59  acres. 

No.  9.  Susannah  Cournoyer,  lots  4  and  5,  section  31,  township  64,  range  7,  81.20 
acres. 

No.  10.  Joseph  Berard,  lots  3  and  7  iu  Island  5,  lot  3  in  Island  3,  section  33,  township 
64,  range  7,  85.02  acres. 

No.  11.  Joseph  Lagarde,  lot  2,  and  northwest  of  northeast  quarter,  section  32,  town- 
ship 64,  range  7,  97.59  acres. 

No.  12.  Richard  Morrison,  lots  3,  4,  and  5,  in  Island  5,  section  5,  lots  1  and  4,  in  Is- 
land 5,  section  6,  township  63,  range  7,  99.73  acres. 

No.  13.  Marie  Gaudin,  soutlieast  quarter  of  southwest  quarter,  section  26,  northeast 
quarter  of  northwest  quarter,  section  35,  township  64,  range  6,  80  acres. 

No.  14.  Josette  Lefevre,  west  half  of  northwest  quarter,  section  35,  township  64, 
range  6 ;  80  acres. 

No.  15.  Margaret  Petit,  west  half  of  southeast  quarter,  section  27,  township  55, 
range  14 ;  80  acres. 

No.  16.  Lizette  Roy,  south  half  of  southwest  quarter,  section  6,  township  55, 
range  14,  80  acres. 

No.  17.  Marie  Dufault,  norths  of  northwest  quarter,  section  7,  township  55,  range 
14,  80  acres. 

No.  18.  Charlotte  Gurnoe,  southwest  of  northwest  quarter,  section  6,  northwest  of 
northeast  quarter,  section  7,  township  55,  range  14,  80  acres. 
21  H  B  S 


Ml 


322 


CHIPPEWA   HALF-KREEDS   OF   LAKE   SUPERIOR. 


SuPEKiOR,  Wis.,  July  27,  1872. 

We  hereby  certify  tliat  we  are  well  acquainted  with  the  above-named  persons,  and 
that  thfy  are  Chippewa  half-breeds  of  Lake  Superior,  and  were  of  ago  at  date  of  the 
treaty  of  La  Pointe,  September  30,  1854,  which  entitles  them  to  the  reception  of  eighty 
acres  of  public  lands  each,  according  to  the  provisions  of  this  treaty ;  that  so  far,  to 
our  certain  knowledge,  they  have  never  received  any  lands  of  the  United  States,  nor 
scrip,  nor  anything  else  in'lieu  of  the  same;  and  that  now,  according  to  pi'ovisious 
of  this  treaty,  they  are  justly  entitled  to  the  lands  they  have  located  bereia  above 
described  as  for  discharge  or  settlement  of  their  claims.  , 

Given  under  our  hands  this  27th  dav  of  Julv,  A.  D.  1872. 

D.  GEO.  MORRISON. 
VINCENT  ROY. 

Oki-ice  Lake  Sitkuiok  Indian-  Agency, 

Bayfiiki,   Win.,  October  24,  1872. 
This  is  to  certify  that  I  am  personiilly  acquainted  with  the  above-named  D.  Geo. 
Morrison  and  Vincent  Roy,  and  that  the  stateuients  made  by  them  are  fully  entitled 
to  credit  and  belief. 

.  S.  N.  CLARK, 

'  '  United  States  Indian  Agent. 

Hon.  CoMMi.ssioxEn  OF  Indian  AiFAiRs,  ..i      »i  .  »•. 

U'anbiiKjtoii,  1),  C.  ,._     ,.       .^  .    . 


Sir  :  The  following-named  persons,  half-breed  Cliippewas  of  Lake  Superior,  seven  in 
number,  respectfully  claim  that,  according  to  the  provisions  of  the  treaty  at  I^a  Pointe, 
September  ;J0,  18r)4,  they  are  each  one  entitled  to  receive  eighty  acres  of  public  lauda 
of  the  Government ;  that  they  have  never  received  any  lauds  of  the  Government,  nor 
scrip,  nor  money,  nor  any  other  consideration  in  discharge  of  the  same ;  that,  according 
to  provisions  of  said  treaty,  they  have,  on  the  3d  and  18th  of  April,  1871,  applied  to 
the  district  land-office  of  the  Government  at  Du  Luth,  Minn.,  for  permission  to  locate 
their  claims  upon  certain  lands  in  said  district,  and  their  applications  have  been  granted 
by  the  register  and  receiver  of  said  Isvnd-office,  who  have  issued  their  duplicates  or 
lertilicatcs  for  certain  lauds  in  that  district,  located  in  discharge  of  their  respective 
claims,  said  evidences  bearing  date  April  3  and  1'^,  1871,  returns  of  which  have  been 
duly  forwarded  to  the  Commissioner  of  the  Gentriil  Land-Oftice,  Washington,  where 
they  are  presumed  to  be  on  file  ;  and  that  having  already  couqileted  their  respective  ap- 
plications in  conformity  with  the  treaty  aforesaid,  selected  their  lands,  and  located  their 
respective  claims  upon  the  same,  they  now  respectfully  request  of  the  Government 
patents  for  said  lands. 

The  names  of  said  persons,  with  descriptive  details  of  their  respective  claims,  are  as 
follows : 

No  1.  Louisa  Morrison,  north  half  of  northeast  quarter,  section  31,  towuship  C4, 
range  7,  80  acres. 

No.  2.  Julia  Dennis,  lots  2, 3.  and  4,  section  24,  township  64,  range  6, 101.82  acres. 

No.  3.  Adam  Kozeueau,  south  half  of  northwest  »iuarter,  section  32,  towuship  CI, 
range  7, 80  acres. 

No.  4.  Louise  Trottochand,  lots  2, 3,  4,  and  northwest  of  southwest  quarter,  section  27, 
towuship  t>4,  range  7, 107.46  acres. 

No.  o.  Marie  Lesage,  lots  2  and  3,  section  31,  township  64,  range  7, 108.70  acres. 

No.  6.  Charles  Cadotte,  north  half  of  northwest  quarter,  section  30,  township  04, 
range  7, 80  acres. 

No.  7.  William  Morrison,  lots  4  and  5,  section  32,  township  64,  range  7,101.63  acres. 

Superior,  Wis.,  July  27, 1872. 

We  hereby  certify  that  we  are  well  accpiaiiited  with  the  above-named  persons,  and 
that  they  are  Chippewa  half-breeds  of  Lake  Superior,  and  were  of  age  at  date  of  the 
treaty  of  La  Poiute,  September  30, 18.')4,  which  entitles  them  to  the  reception  of  eighty 
acres  of  public  lands  each,  according  to  the  provisions  of  this  treaty  ;  that  so  far,  to 
our  certaiu  knowledge,  they  have  never  received  any  lands  of  the  United  States  nor 
scrip,  nor  anything  else  in  lieu  of  the  same,  and  that  now,  according  to  provisions  of 
this  treaty,  they  are  justly  entitled  to  the  lands  they  have  located,  herein  described 
above,  as  i'or  discharge  or  settlement  of  their  claims. 
Given  under  our  hands  this  27th  day  of  July,  A.  L).  1872. 

D.  GEO.  MORRISON. 

BA81L  DENIS. 


CHIPPEWA    HALF-BREEDS    OF   LAKE    SUPERIOR. 


323 


OiriCE  Lake  SurEiaru  I\i>ian  Agkncy, 
•  ..       ■  *  JUtyJield,  llis.,  October  '24,  1872. 

Tins  is  to  certify  that  I  am  personally  acipiainted  with  tiie  above-iiauiod  D.  Geo. 
Morrison  ami  Hasil  Denis,  and  that  the  stattinuuts  made  by  tliem  are  tally  entitled  to 
c.edit  and  belief. 

S.  N.  CLARK, 
United  States  Indian  Jtjent. 

Hon.  COMMISSIONEU  OV  In'DIAX   Al'KAIliS, 

•  Jf'uiliin>i(on,  D.  C. 


!:  !! 


Office  of  United  States  Indian  Agent. 

White  Earth,  December  2,  1872. 

Sir:  I  have  the  lionor  to  present  the  claira.s  of  five  mixed-bloods 
"belonginfr  to  Liike  Superior"  who  were  pronounced,  by  the  conimi.s- 
sion  of  1S71.  (see  Schedule  I,  Xos.  2,  15,  and  IG,  and  Schedule  K,  Nos. 
18  and  19,)  entitled  to  80  acres  each  under  the  treaty  of  1854:  Paul 
Belonpjer,  Antoine  La  Pirrie,  John  La  Prarie,  Touisaint  Chouinard,  and 
John  Chouinard. 

I  am  informed  that  the  order  of  the  Department  closiufj  the  land- 
oftices  against  all  applications  for  entries  under  this  treaty  is  still  in 
force.  If  this  information  is  correct  I  beg  to  suggest  that  there  are 
only  seven  claims  of  this  sort,  two  besides  the  above  five,  viz,  D. 
Geo.  Morrison,  heir,  and  Maggie  Morrison,  heir,  and  that  it  will  greatly 
help  these  parties  to  receive  for  themselves  the  benefit  of  the  treaty,  by 
protecting  against  importunity  and  exorbitant  commissions  by  self- 
appointed  attorneys,  if  instead  of  opening  the  land-offices  by  a  general 
order,  there  can  be  issued  to  each  of  these  parties  an  order  on  the  local 
land-office  authorizing  one  entry  iu  each  case  of  eighty  acres  of  land, 
and  sent  directly  to  them  in  my  care. 

I  am.  very  respectfullv,  voiir  obedient  servant, 

EDVV.  P.  SMITH, 
United  States  Indian  Agent. 

Ilon.  Commissioner  Indian  Affairs. 


tor,  section  27, 


r,  101.63  acres. 


Department  of  the  Interior, 

Office  of  Indian  Affairs, 

December  10,  1872. 

Sir:  This  Office  is  iu  receipt  of  a  communication  from  D.George 
Morrisoti,  dated  Superior,  Wis.,  the  29th  ultimo,  transnntting  state- 
ments relative  to  the  claims  of  the  following-named  persons,  un<ler  the 
provisions  of  the  seventh  clause  of  the  second  article  of  the  treaty  con- 
cluded with  the  Cbii>pa\va  Indians  of  Lake  Superior,  September  31), 
1854,  viz : 


.Joseph  Berard. 
Susanne  Conrnoyer. 
Marie  Cadotte. 
Tliej-ese  Cadotte. 
Charles  Cadotte. 
Julia  Dennis, 
.losette  Dnfault. 
Marie  Dufault. 
Charlotte  Onrnoe. 
Mario  Gandin. 
Adam  Kozenean. 
Mario  Lesajje. 
Joseph  Lai^iirde. 


Josette  Lendrie. 
Louise  Lendrie. 
Josette  Lefevre. 
William  Morrison. 
Richard  Morrison. 
Louise  Morrison. 
Margaret  Petit. 
Elizabeth  Roy. 
Z(ie  Roiissaiu. 
Lizi'tte  Roy. 
An<j;i'li(|iit'  8t.  John. 
Louist!  Tn)tt>i(!liaiid. 


324 


CUIPPEWA    HALF-BREEDS    OF    LAKE    SUPERIOR. 


Of  the  persons  above  n.ainetl  it  is  fomiil  that  Josepli  Berard,  Mario 
Cadotte,  and  Adam  Kozeneau  are  incliuU'd  in  the  decision  of  the  lion. 
Secretary  of  the  Interior,  dated  March  1!)  last,  (a  copy  of  which  has 
already  been  transmitted  to  you,)  as  entitled  to  land  under  the  i)rovis- 
ions  of  the  treaty  above  referred  to.  No  further  action,  therefore,  is 
necessary  to  determine  their  claims.  The  other  parties  will,  if  their 
claims  are  considered,  have  to  be  considered  as  new  applicants,  and  will 
be  required  to  appear  before  you  in  accordance  with  the  requirements 
contained  in  the  aforementione<l  diH;isi«)n  of  the  Hon.  Secretary  of 
the  Interior,  and  make  the  proof  thereby  required,  if  they  or  any  of 
them  shall  be  able  so  to  do. 

The  statements  in  question,  tojjether  with  a  coi)y  of  Mr.  Morrison's 
letter,  are  transmitted  herewith  for  your  information.  I  also  transmit  to 
you  a  copy  of  Ilouse  Ex.  Doc.  No.  103,  second  session  Forty-second 
Confjress,  which  contains  a  complete  history  of  all  the  action  had  by 
the  Department  up  to  March  12, 1872,  upon  the  applications  of  persons 
claiming  to  be  beneficiaries  und«?r  the  law  in  question. 

You  will  advise  Mr.  ]\Iorrison  of  this  letter. 
Very  respectfullv,  &c., 

F.  A.  WALKER, 

Connnissioner. 

S.  N.  Clakk,  Esq., 

I'niti'd  States  Indian  Agent,  Bayfield,  Wis. 


Department  of  the  Interiok, 

General  Land-Office, 
Washington,  I).  C,  January  20,  1873. 
Sir  :  Referring  to  lists  "A"  and  "  B,"  of  halfbree<l8  of  the  Lake  Supe- 
rior band  of  Chippewas,  whose  claims  under  the  provisions  of  the  seventh 
clause  of  the  secontl  article  of  the  treaty  of  September  30, 18o4,  were  af- 
firmed by  the  Hon.  Secretary  of  the  Interior  in  liis  decision  of  March  19, 
1872, 1  have  the  honor  to  report  that  the  following  parties,  whose  names 
are  embraced  therein,  have  made  selections  of  land  which  have  been  ap- 
proved and  passed  for  patenting,  viz: 


.Joseph  Brnnelle. 
I'eter  Briiuelle. 
Louis  Brnnelle. 
Stepben  Bonga. 
Eli/.ubetli  Bongu. 
Jack  Bonga. 
Angustiu  Bellanger. 
Joseph  Belhmger. 
Margaret  Corbin. 
John  Bte.  Bellangor. 
Pierre  liellanger. 
Adam  Kozeueau. 


Clement  H.  Beaulien. 
Henry  H.  Beaulien. 
Paul  H.  Beaulien. 
Joseph  Desjadoii. 
Batiste  Desjadon. 
.lohu  McGillis. 
Peter  Roy. 
Alexis  Roy. 
Pierre  Roy. 
Matihla  Thompson. 
Truman  A.  Warren. 


The  following  have  made  selections  which  will  be  approved  after 
certain  corrections  in  area  shall  have  been  made,  viz  : 

Joseph  Berai'd.  Marie  Cadot. 

In  the  following  cases  certificates  of  identity  were  issued  by  the  Com- 
missioner of  Indian  Affairs,  but  no  selections  or  locations  in  satisfac- 
tion of  the  same  have  been  reported  to  this  Ottice,  viz : 

Henry  Bellanger.  John  Tanner. 


CHIPPEWA   HALF-BREEDS   OF    LAKE    SUPERIOR. 


325 


In  the  following  oases  no  certificates  have  been  issued,  nor  have  any 
selections  or  applications  to  select,  been  made  by  the  parties,  viz  . 


Paul  Belonger. 
Antoiiie  La  Pierro. 
Joliii  La  Praii'i*>. 
1).  Georjie  Morrison. 
Ma)>);ie  MorriMoii. 
AuibroMC  BiiiiHit. 
Aiitoine  Baggagu. 
Paul  Belaiiger,  nr. 
Toiisaiut  Choiiinanl. 


Peter  Cota. 
Cbarlos  Diivcriioy, 
.Io»eiili  Deiieaiix. 
Cutbeiine  La  Poiut. 
Charles  Mergaii. 
John  Bte.  Parisian. 
John  Kice. 
John  li.  Warren. 
Juhu  Choniuurd. 


I  am,  sir,  very  respectfully, 

WILLIS  DRUM  MONO, 

Connuinsioner. 
Hon.  Commissioner  of  Indian  Affairs. 


Washington,  D.  C,  February  IS,  1873. 

Sir:  I  have  the,  honor  to  request  that  I  maybe  furnished  with  copies 
of  the  necessary  blanks  to  be  used  by  applicants  for  scrip  under  the  sev- 
enth clauvse  of  the  second  article  of  the  treaty  of  September  30,  1854, 
with  the  (^hii)pewas  of  Lake  Superior,  if  such  blanks  have  been  prepared ; 
if  not,  that  1  may  be  furnished  with  the  proper  form  for  use  in  such  cases. 

I  would  further  represent  that  there  are  in  my  ayency,  to  my  present 
knowledge,  some  nineteen  mixed-bloods,  perhaps  more,  belonging  to  the 
Chippewasof  Lake  Superior  who  wereover  twenty-one  yearsof  age  at  the 
date  of  the  treaty  aforesaid.  They  lived  on  Lake  Superior,  and  have 
always  been  identified  with  the  tribe  there.  They  are  women,  and  at 
the  date  of  the  treaty  were  married.  After  a  careful  and  thorough  ex- 
amination of  each  case  it  became  my  belief  that  if  any  persons  of  this 
class  (married  women)  were  proper  beneficiaries  under  the  treaty,  these 
women  certainly  are;  and  I  therefore  so  certified  to  the  Department. 
Before  taking  steps  in  these  ca.ses  in  the  manner  specified  in  the  decis- 
ion of  the  Hon.  Secretary  of  the  Interior,  I  would  respectfully  request 
that  I  may  be  informed  whether  they  will  be  considered. 

I  incjlose  a  list  of  the  names  of  persons  certified  as  above,  October  24, 
1872. 


Louise  Leiidrie. 
Tlierese  Cadotte. 
Jonette  Lendrie. 
Elizabeth  Roy. 
Angelique  St.  John. 
Josette  Dnfault. 
Zoe  RouHsain. 
Marie  Cadotte. 
Susannah  Cournoyer. 
Marie  Gaudin. 


Josette  Lefevre. 
Margaret  Petit. 
Lizette  Roy 
Marie  Dufanlt. 
Charlotte  Gurnoe. 
Louisa  Morrison. 
Julia  Dennis. 
Louise  Trottoschand. 
Marie  Lesaae. 


Verv  respectfully,  your  obedient  servant, 

S.  N.  CLARK, 
United  States  Indian  Agent. 
Hon.  11.  R.  Clum, 

Acting  Commissioner  of  Indian  Affairs. 


326 


CHIPPEWA    HALF-BREEDS    OF    LAKE    SFPERIOR. 


\  Department  of  the  Interior, 

1  "^  Office  of  Indian  Affairs, 

Fcbruanj  20,  1873. 

Sir  :  IJcfi'iriiijj  to  voiir  letter  of  the  IDtli  of  March  last,  passing  upon 
the  qnc'sti(Hi  of  who  are  entitled  to  land  under  the  provisions  of  tlie  sev- 
enth <;lanse  of  the  second  article  of  the  treaty  with  the  Cliippewa  Indi- 
ans of  Lake  Snperior  and  the  Mississippi,  eonclnded  Se|)teniber  .'30, 1854, 
it  is  decided  that  "upon  the  evidence  snbniitted  by  the  commission,  and 
by  the  letter  of  Agent  Smith,  dated  the  Oth  instant,  it  is  found  that  the 
forty-five  persons  described  in  the  recommendations  numbered  3  and  i 
of  your  report  dated  theSih  instant,  are  each  entitled  to  eighty  acres  of 
land,  under  the  seventh  clause  of  the  second  article  of  the  treaty  afore- 
said. These  persons  should  receive  i>atenTs  under  the  same  regulations 
and  restrictions  as  are  ]>rovided  for  the  persons  holding  the  so-called 
'  Gilbert  scrip.' " 

I  have  the  honor  to  reimrt  that  this  Oiiice  was  notified,  under  date  of 
the  20th  ultimo,  by  the  Commmissioner  of  the  General  Land-OHice,  that 
twenty-three  of  said  forty-five  persons  above  referred  to  had  already 
made  their  selections  of  land,  which  had  been  approved  and  passed  for 
pateuting ;  that  two  others  had  made  selections  which  would  be  ap- 
proved upon  the  correction  of  certain  errors  in  the  area  ;  and  that  in 
still  two  other  cf  ;es  certificates  of  identity  had  been  issued  by  this  Ofilce, 
but  no  selection  or  location  in  satisfaction  of  the  same  had  yet  been  re- 
ported to  that  Office,  thus  leaving  eighteen  of  said  forty-five  persons  to 
whom  no  certiflcates  of  identity  have  been  issued,  and  by  whom  no  selec- 
tions or  applications  to  select  land  have  been  made. 

The  names  of  said  eighteen  individuals  last  referred  to  a.'e  as  follows : 

Paul  Belonger.  Paul  Beliin<i;er,  sr. 

Autoiue  La  Pierre.  Peter  Cota. 

Joliu  La  Prairie.  Charles  Duveriiej. 

D.  George  Morrison.  Joseph  Deneaux. 

Maggie  Morrisou.  Catherine  La  Point. 

Ambrose  Brunet.  Charles  Mergan. 

Antoine  Bagage.  .lolin  Bte.  Parisian. 

Jobu  Rice.  Tonsaint  Chouinard. 

John  B.  Warren.  John  Chouiuanl. 

I  have  the  honor  to  recommeml  that  this  Office  be  authorized  and 
directed  to  issue  to  the  eighteen  persons  herein  named,  certificates  of 
identity  in  the  form  accompanying  this  report,  being  substantially  the 
same  form  used  in  the  issuance  of  certificates  to  the  persons  holding  the 
so-called  "Gilbert  scrip,"  with  the  addition  of  a  clause  referring  to  De- 
partment decision  of  March  19,  1872. 

I  respectfully  request  your  directions  in  the  premises. 
Verv  respectfully,  vour  obedient  servant, 

H.  R.  CLLTM, 
Aci'nxj  Com m issioner. 
Hon.  Secretary  of  the  Interior. 


,  DEPART3IENT   OF   THE   INTERIOR, 

Washington,  I>.  €.,  Fcbninrif  2.5,  1873. 
Sir:  I  acknowledge  the  receipt  of  your  report  of  the  20th  instant, 
submitting  the  names  of  eighteen  persons  who  are  entitled  to  scrip 
under  the  provisiousof  the  seventh  clause  of  the  second  article  of  the  treaty 
with  the  Chipi>ewas  of  Lake  Superior  and  the  Mississippi  of  September 
30,  1854,  and  recommending  that  certificates  of  identity  be  issued  to  said 
persons  in  the  form  accompunying  your  re[»ort,  being,  substantially,  the 


CHirPEWA    HALF-IJUEEDS    OF    LAKE    SITEKIOR. 


327 


same  used  in  iasiiiiig  certificates  of  those  persons  holding  the  so-calletl 
"(lilbert  scrip." 

Your  recommenthition  has  my  approval,  and  the  certificates  will  be 
iissued  accordingly. 

Very  respectfully,  your  obedient  servant, 

C.DELANO, 

ISecntayi/. 
U.  R.  Clttm,  Eisc,»., 
Acting  Commisxiouer  of  Inilian  Affairs. 


'e  as  follows 


Department  or  the  Interior, 

Office  of  Indian  Affairs, 
February  27,  1873. 

Sir  :  I  have  the  honor  to  report  that  I  am  in  receipt  of  a  letter  from 
S.  y.  Clark,  esq.,  United  States  Indian  agent,  dated  the  18th  instant,  in 
which  the  following  statement  is  made: 

I  wonld  fiirtber  represent  that  tbere  .are  in  my  agency,  to  my  present  kiiowleilgn, 
some  nineteen  niixeil-bloods,  perliaps  more,  belonging  to  the  Cbippewas  of  Lake  (Supe- 
rior, who  were  over  twenty-one  years  of  age  at  the  »bite  of  tbe  treaty  aforesaid.  They 
lived  on  Lake  Superior,  and  bave  always  been  identified  with  tbe  tribe  tbere.  Tbey 
are  women,  and  at  tbe  date  of  tlie  treaty  were  married.  After  a  earefnl  and  tborongli 
examination  of  eacb  case,  it  beeame  my  belief  tbat  if  any  persons  of  tbis  class  (niarri<>d 
women)  were  i)roper  benetieiaries  under  tbe  treaty  these  women  certainly  are,  and  I 
therefore  so  eertihed  to  tbe  Department.  Before  taking  steptt-in  these  cas«s,  in  tbe 
niiinner  specilied  in  tbe  decision  of  the  Hon.  Secretary  of  the  Interior,  I  would  respect- 
fully request  tbat  I  may  be  informed  whether  tbey  will  be  considered. 

The  provision  of  the  treaty  of  September  30,  18.j4,  applying  to  these 
mixed-blood  Chippewas  of  Lake  Superior,  is  as  follows: 

Each  bead  of  a  family  or  single  jierson  over  the  age  of  twenty-one  years,  at  the  pres- 
ent time,  of  the  mixed-bloods,  belonging  to  the  Cbippewas  of  Lake  Superior,  shall  be 
entitled  to  eighty  acres  of  land,  to  be  selected  by  them  under  direction  of  the  Presi- 
dent, and  which  shall  be  secured  to  them  by  patents  in  the  usual  form. 

The  question  arising  here  is,  who  shall  be  cou.sidered  as  being  the 
head  of  a  family  within  the  meaning  of  the  foregoing  treaty  provi.sio:)  ? 

The  question  was  not  submitted  in  Oftice  report  of  ^Marcli  8,  1872,  and 
couseipiently  not  passed  upon  by  Department  decision  of  19th  of  .same 
month. 

The  special  commission  appointed  in  1871,  to  investigate  and  report 
upon  the  subject  of  the  issue  of  "Chippewa  scrip,"  so  called,  of  wliich 
LTnited  States  Agent  S.  X.  Clark,  above  mentioned  was  a  member,  in 
their  report  to  this  Office,  bearing  date  September  4,  1871,  raise  this 
same  question  as  to  who  should  be  held  to  be  the  head  of  a  family  under 
the  treaty  provision  hereinbefore  quoted,  and  proceed  to  decla.e  their 
opinion  upon  that  point,  giving  their  reasons  therefor. 

The  commission  held  that  in  the  two  clau.ses,  namely,  "each  head  of 
a  family,"  and  "  single  persons  over  twenty-one  years  of  age,"  only 
three  classes  of  persons  were  intended  to  be  included  : 

1st.  All  male  adults,  married  or  unmarried. 

2d.  All  female  adults  not  married. 

3d.  All  males  having  families,  and  females  who,  unmarried  or  w  idows, 
have  families  and  are  not  adults.  ^ 

Hundreds  of  applicants,  it  was  stated  in  their  report,  through  their 
attorneys  here,  claimed  that  where  husband  and  wife  were  both  living, 
they  were  each  entitled  to  .scrip  as  the  head  of  a  family,  and  they  further 
Sfiy : 

Your  commissiou  hold  to  the  legal  and  common  usage  of  recognizing  the  man  as 
the  bead  of  the  house.    That  this  construction  of  the  treaty  was  the  one  accepted  at 


328 


CHIl'PEWA    HALF-RUEEPS    OK    LAKE   SUPERIOR. 


tb«  time  of  itN  ratiHoation  in  ovidont  from  tlio  fiiot  tliiit  when  the  liHt  wuh  beiiiK  pre- 
pared by  Agent  (lilbort  no  oiieehiimed  thedoiilde  right  for  man  ami  wife;  and  furtner- 
uiore,  tliat  this  coimtrnetion  wim  not  ealied  in  (|n<>Ntion  for  eight  yearn  thereafter. 
Another  fact  nhows  how  thiNchiuMo  was  construed  in  lHr»ri.  'I'iu»re  were  f«>und  at  Lake 
Superior  eertain  white  men.  wlio  were  headtt  of  mixetl-hlood  familieH.  In  order  to  give 
these  families  the  benefit  of  the  treaty,  it  was  ne^'essary  that  the  linsband  or  wife 
shoidd  be  enrolled,  and  it  was  eon»id»'red  as  doing  less  violence  to  tlie  treaty  to  en- 
roll the  white  hnsband  and  father  as  a  inixed-bhHxl,  than  to  eall  the  wife  the  hea«l  of 
the  family.  Upon  this  constrnetioii  of  the  intention  and  limitations  of  this  tn'aty,  has 
your  commission  proceeded  in  the  work  of  determining  who  is  now  a  proper  claimant 
nnder  the  treaty,  and  also  what  issnoHof  scrip  in  the  )tiist  hav(<  been  properly  made,  and 
it  is  a  nnitter  of  such  grave  surprise  to  us  when  we  lind  any  other  construction  has  been 
allowed,  that  we  are  )>ersuaded  that  these  i|iu>stions  which  we  have  considered  as 
above  can  never  have  been  laid  in  their  connections  anil  proper  bearings  before  the 
Department  of  the  Interior  for  consideration  and  decision. 

lu  view  of  the  foregoing  recointneiulatioiis  of  the  .special  couuniHsion, 
I  lospectfully  submit  for  your  decision  whsitchiases  of  persons  are  right- 
fully eutitleil  to  the  benetltH  of  the  provisions  of  said  seventh  clause  of 
second  artich^,  treaty  of  September  30,  1854,  and  especially  in  view  of 
the  letter  of  Agent  Clark,  first  above  referred  to,  whether  adult  mixed- 
blood  women,  who  were  married,  at  the  date  of  said  treaty,  to  white 
men,  are  rightfully  entitled  to  share  in  the  benefits  of  said  treaty  pro- 
vision. 

Very  ree.p»'Ct fully,  your  obedient  servant, 

U.  R.  CLUM, 
Acting  Commitisionir. 
The  lion.  Secretary  of  the  Interior. 


Department  of  the  Interior, 
Offu!E  of  Indian  Affairs, 

March  1,  1873, 

Sir  :  Information  was  furnished  this  Office  in  letter  of  20th  of  Janu- 
ary last  from  the  Commissioner  of  the  General  Land-Ottice,  that  eight- 
een of  the  forty-five  persons,  decided  by  the  Hon.  Secretary  of  the 
Interior  under  date  of  March  19, 1872,  to  be  entitled  to  lands  under  the 
provisions  of  the  seventh  clause,  second  article,  Chippewa  treaty  of  Sep- 
tember 30, 1854,  had  as  yet  received  no  certificates  of  identity  or  made 
selections  or  applications  to  select  land. 

In  consequence  of  such  iutbrmation,  and  pursuant  to  directions  con- 
tained in  letter  from  Hon.  Secretary  of  the  Interior,  dated  the  25th 
ultimo,  I  have  caused  certificates  of  identity  to  be  issued  under  date  of 
yesterday,  to  said  eighteen  individuals,  as  follows : 


No. 

316.  Paul  Belonger, 

317.  Antoiue  La  Pierre. 

318.  John  La  Prairie. 

319.  D.  George  Morrison. 

320.  Maggie  Morrison. 

321.  Ambrose  Bruuet. 

322.  Autoiuo  Bagage. 
32S.  John  Rice. 

324.  John  B.  Warren. 


No. 

32.'>.  Paul  Belanger,  sr. 

32G.  Peter  Cota. 

327.  Charles  Diiveruey. 

328.  Joseph  Doneaux. 
32l>.  Catharine  La  Point. 

330.  Charles  Mergau. 

331.  John  lite.  Parisian. 

332.  TonsiaiitChouinard. 

333.  John  Chouiuard. 


These  certificates  are  herewith  transmitted  for  delivery  to  the  parties 
entitled  to  receive  the  same. 
You  will  please  acknowledge  receipt. 

Very  respectfully,  your  obedient  servant, 

H.  R.  CLUM, 
Acting  Com ni itsiomr. 
E,  P.  Smith,  Esq.) 

United  States  Indian  Agent — Present- 


C'llUM'KWA    llALF-niiKKDH    OK    LAKK    SlIl'KUlOR. 


32J) 


Washington,  I),  d.,  Mtnrh  :\,  \HTA. 

Bll!  :   I  liiiv*'   (lu>  honor  t«>  iU'kiiowlrtlfic  i«'<Ti|tt,  per  oiVwv    h'ltcr   of 
IVIarcli  l,ol'  t'i<,'lilt't'n  (IS)  (•«'ililic;ih'.s  ol   idt'iilily  issued   iiihIci'  <lalo  of 
J'Vbniiir.v  L'S,  l.ST.'i,  mimUt  tlio  provisions  of  (MiippfWii  trral.v  t)!"  Si-ptvni- 
l)(>r  'M\,  1S5I,  iin<l  nuinlMMcd  IVoni  .'>l(l  to  .'t.'i.'t,  Itotli  inclnsixci. 
Vorv  rrij!p»M'tliiIlv,  your  olMMJirnt  servant, 

KDW.   W  SMITH,   . 
Viiited  Stdhs  linlian  At/ntt,  Vliqfpcinoi,  Minnvfiota. 
The  Hon.  OoiMiMissioNKU  ol'  Indian  Ai  taiks. 


coiuiinHsioii, 


3  the  parties 


DkI'AUTMKN'I    ok  TIIK    iNTKKIOIl, 

Wosliiiiifloii,  />.  ('.,  Mnrch  ;?,  I.ST.'t. 
Stk  :  Your  coniiniinieation  of  the  L'TlIi  ultimo,  referriii};'  to  a  h'tter 
I'roin  Afjfent  S.  N.  (Mark,  dated  tlie  ISIli  ultimo,  in  r«Mei'en<'e  t(»  tiu^  (;hiim 
of  certain  marri(>d  women  to  huid  ninU'r  the  seventh  ehiiist^  of  the 
second  article  of  the  tiealy  of  .'KHli  Sejdeinlier,  lsr»l,  with  the  (!hi|)- 
]>e\\asof  Lake  SnjK'rioi' ami  the  Mississippi,  has  lietMi  received. 
Ill  this  letter  Mr.  (Mark  sa.vs: 

I  would  fnitlici-  rcpii'scnl    lliiil   I  licrc  mic  in    my  ii;^t'iic\,  to  iiiv  |ircNi'iit    kiiowlnln;!., 

HOMH'    niiictcrii    iiiixt'd-ltl Is,  |ii-i'li!i|i.s    iiioir,   iM'loii<;iiiK    lo    llic    ( 'lii|i|ii'\MiH  ol'    l/iil\c 

Sn|u'rior,  wlio  wcic  over  I  Wi'iilv-onc  \ciiiH  ol'  ii;;(^  at  t  he  iliilc  of  t  lie  I  irul.v  iilon'Siiiil. 
'riit'.v  lived  on  Liikc  Sn|i(iior  and  have  alw  ajH  lin^ii  idcnliliiid  wit.li  llii;  I  liliit  tlinc. 
'I'lii'y  arc  wonirn,  and  at  lli<^  dale  of  llii^  I  rcaly  \v<'ri' inanit'il.  Al'lcia  I'at'i'l'nl  and 
ilioi'on;;li  i>\aMiinalion  of  cacli  cast',  it  lii'i'anu<  inv  Ix'licf  I  lial  if  any  iirisons  ol'lliis 
cl«HH  (married  wonu'n)  wnc  proper  lieiM'lieiiiiie.s  under  the  treaty,  these  women  <'er- 
tiiitily  ai'e,  iiiid  i  lln'ret'oie  so  eertilieil  to  tile  Depart  im^nt.  ISelore  iMkiii;;' steps  in 
tlie.st^  eai'es  in  the  man  net'  speeilied  in  the  decision  of  the  Hon.  Secret  aiy  of  I  he  Intel  ior, 
1  woiihl  rcHpectt'iilly  reiincst  that  I  may  Ix-  inroniied  whethei'  they  will  he  considered. 

After  i'onsidcrino'  this  sultjcct  I  am  of  opinion  that  the  persons  re- 
feried  to  in  Mr.  (Mark's  letter  are  not cntithMl  to  land  under  the  treaty 
before  rcterred  to.  The  treaty  {iives  to  the  head  of  a  family  or  to  a 
siiiji^le  person  over  twenty-one  y(^ars  ol"  aj^e  at  tin'!  date  of  the  same,  of 
inixed-blooils,  &c.,  eiji'hty  acres  of  laiul ;  and  for  the  solution  of  the  (pies- 
tioii  now  before  nu;  it  is  only  necressary  to  settle  one  (piestion,  viz, 
AVas  a  married  woman  at  that  tinu'!  reyar<lcd  by  the  framers  of  the 
law  as  the  head  of  a  family?  I  am  of  opinion  that  sin;  was  not;  that 
ill  .such  cases  the  hiisbaml  would  be  regarded  as  the  head  of  the 
family,  otherwise  both  husband  ami  wife  uiifjiht  cliiim  the  benelitH  of 
the  treaty. 

This  construction  ay'rees  with  the  opinion  of  the-  (!(umnission  ap- 
pointed to  determine  the  rijjhts  of  <;laimaiits  under  this  treaty.  That 
coinmissiou  lield  that  the  second  (slaus*'  of  tlu',  treaty,  viz,  "  lOach  head 
of  a  family  and  sin}?le  person  oxer  twenty-one  years  of  age,"  legally 
iucluded  only  three  classes  of  persons  : 

Ist.  All  male  adults,  married  or  unmarried. 

2d.  All  female  adults  not  married. 

3d.  All  males  having  families,  and  females  who,  unmarried  or  widows, 
have  familii's  and  are  not  adults. 

Tlie  coucilusioii  thus  arrived  at  by  the  commission,  in  my  judgment, 
is  the  true  interpret<atiou  of  the  treaty,  in  reference  to  the  question 
raised  by  Agent  (Jlark. 

Very  respectfully,  your  obedient  servant, 

C.  DELANO, 

Secretary. 

The  Acting  Commissioner  of  Indian  Affairs. 
22  H  B  s 


330 


CHIPPEWA    HALF-imEEDS   OF  LAKE   SUPERIOR. 


:         Department  of  the  Interior, 
''  Office  of  Indian  Affairh, 

March  S,  1873. 

Sir:  In  reply  to  your  letter  of  the  ISth  ultimo,  in  reference  to  tbe 
claim  of  eertiiin  nuirried  women  to  receive  land  under  the  provisions  of 
the  seventh  ehiuse,  second  article  of  the  treaty  of  September  30,  18i>4, 
with  the  Chipj)e\va  Indians  of  Lake  Superior  and  the  Mississippi,  you 
are  advised  that  the  question  of  the  right  of  such  iiulividuals  to  the  bene- 
tits  of  said  treaty  provision  was  submitted  to  the  Department  in  Ottice 
report  of  the  27th  ultimo. 

In  his  reply,  dated  the  3d  instant,  the  Hon.  Secretary  of  the 
Interior  remarks  that  "After  considering  this  subject  I  am  of  opinion 
that  the  persons  referred  to  in  Mr.  Clark's  letter  are  not  entitled  to  land 
under  the  treaty  before  referred  to,"  The  Hon.  Secretary  is  of  opin- 
ion that  a  married  woman  at  the  datc!  of  the  treaty  was  not  regarded 
by  the  framers  of  that  instrument  as  the  head  of  a  family,  which  con- 
struction, he  remarks,  coin<!ide8  with  that  of  the  special  commission 
appointed  to  determine  the  rights  of  claimants  under  the  treaty  in 
question. 

The  lion.  Secretary  agrees  with  the  conclusions  reached  by  said 
commission  in  their  report,  that  but  three  classes  of  persons  are  entitled 
to  receive  the  benefits  conferred  by  said  treaty  provision,  viz : 

Ist.  All  male  adultH,  married  or  unmarried. 
2d.  All  fumale  adults  not  married. 

'M.  All  males  having  families,  and  females  who,  unmarried  or  widows,  have  families 
and  arc  not  adults. 

Very  respectfully,  your  obedient  servant, 

H.  K.  CLUM, 
Acting  Commissioner. 
S.  N.  Clark,  Esq., 

U.  8.  Indian  Agent,  Bayfield,  Wis. 


Saint  Cloud,  November  13,  1873. 

Sir  :  Please  deliver  to  W.  G.  Le  Due,  esq.,  all  applications  for  scrip, 
treaty  September  30, 1854,  filed  by  us  with  the  Indian  Bureau  of  the 
Interior  Department,  a  list  of  which  is  hereunto  attached. 

KERR  &  COLLINS. 
Hon.  E.  P.  Smith, 

Commissioner  of  Indian  Affairs,  Washington,  D.  C. 


Armstrong,  Madeline. 
Allaire,  Michel. 
Adams,  George. 
Amiote,  Mary. 
Blair,  Mary  Ann. 
Bird,  Fred.  A. 
Breland,  Sanson. 
Boye,  William. 
Collin,  Antoine. 
Collin,  Margaret. 
Camp,  Margaret. 
Deland,  Angelique. 
Desjarlais,  Gregorie. 
Foulds,  John. 
Fisher,  Alex. 
Fisher,  Ambroise. 


Godon,  Caroline. 
Godon,  Joseph. 
Lagomonier,  Elzear. 
La  Point,  Francois. 
Livingston,  Catherine. 
Ledau,  Margaret. 
La  Rock,  La  Rose. 
La  Rock,  Antoine. 
McKay,  Michelle. 
Marchaud,  Benjamin. 
St.  Peters,  Francois. 
St.  Peters,  Mary. 
St.  Germaine,  Theresa. 
Ursine,  Parpiere. 
Vileneuve,  Margaret. 
Whitney,  Josephene. 


CHIPPEWA    HALF-BREEDS    OF    LAKE    SUPERIOR. 


;J31 


•vh  S,  1873. 

ronco  to  the 
[U'oviHious  of 
bcr  30,  18r>4, 
wissippi,  you 
« to  the  bene- 
cut  ill  Ottlce 


s,  have  fiimilies 


MiNNEAPOiJH,  November  12,  1873. 
Deau  Sill:  Please  to  deliver  to  (leneial  W.  i\.  Le  Due  the  applieii- 
tioiis  lor  s(!rip  under  treaty  of  September  30,  1851,  which  have  been 
tiled  atid  now  in  the  Indian  Bureau  of  the  Interior  Department  by  mo, 
a  list  of  whieh  is  hereto  attached. 

J.  P.  WILSON. 
Hon.  E.  P.  Smith, 
,  Commissioner  of  Indian  Affairs,  Washiuffton  City,  IK  C. 


AuKiiHtiii,  (leiiviove. 
Alliiiit),  Aiidnnv. 
AUnirt',  Mary. 
Aloiii,  Antoiiie, 
IJrdcoiiicr,  Sarali. 
Beiioit,  Antoiiiu. 
llouvottc,  Marie. 
Herard,  Pit'iic. 
Charrett«!,.lo.sepli, 
Cariior,  Andre  Elic. 
Charoo,  Marion. 
Cloutior,  Mario. 
DeuniraiH,  JoHepli,  2d. 
Dyer,  Eliza. 
Doplinia,  Josetto. 
Delorino,  Angelic. 
DiunaJH,  Josette. 
Decoteaii,  Josette. 
Deniontigney,  Marie. 
Dufiaine,  Isabella. 
Enion.s,  Jos  'diiue. 
Fredericks,  .'osepb,  sr. 
Fredericks,  Joseph,  jr. 
Fredericks,  Mary. 
Fian,  Verginia. 
Flaniond,  Lonis. 
Fayan,  John. 
Grandljoise,  Eucelie. 
Gauslin,  Marie, 
(rnin,  Susan. 
Grotier,  Angelequie. 
Gladean,  Isabella. 
Gourite,  Theophile. 
Hood,  Margaret. 
Hogg,  Joseph. 
Hamlin,  Joseph,  sr. 
Hamlin,  Louis. 
Handin,  Margaret, 
Hamlin,  Amable. 
Isbister,  Marie. 
La  Piere,  Antoine, 


La  Priere,  Catharine. 
La  Priere,  .John. 
La  Priere,  Anibros*'. 
La  Priere,  Ceeil. 
Ladervnte,  Filber. 
Ladervutt",  .Foseidi,  2d. 
Landiert,  .Joseph. 
Lonley,  James. 
Londrey,  Pierre. 
La  Koch,  Margaret. 
La  Uocli,  Margaret,  2d. 
La  Koch,  Elizabeth. 
La  Koch,  Oliver. 
Montour,  AngeltHiuie. 
Monsienia,  IjouIh. 
Marion,  Lonis. 
Marchand,  Goodwin. 
Nolin,  Duncan. 
Pickard,  Paul. 
Paranteau,  Francois. 
Perkins,  Margaret. 
Plant,  liouis. 
Proux,  Paul. 
Pager.  Adelaide. 
Russell,  Sarah. 
Rouclean,  Caroline. 
Kobevie,  Felix. 
St.  Dennis,  Janque. 
Swan,  Marie. 
Smith,  James. 
Thomas,  Margaret. 
Thomas,  Francis. 
Tomond,  Joan  Bte 
Taylor,  Alex. 
Villineaugh.  Angeleque 
Victory,  Ursule. 
Vandalle,  Rosillie. 
Vandalle,  .losette. 
Vandalle,  Peter. 
Wells,  Mary. 
Zac,  Conzao. 


