n is an odd number equal or above 3 is justified by its simplicity and such an arrangement uses each current source an integer number of times in an n step cycle thus it is then feasible that the use condition of each the current sources switch cell is the same in other words the use of each switch has an identical pattern along the n step cycle if n is even half the current sources would be used n 2 2 times and the other half n 2 times along n steps it would be then necessary to use 2 cycles to average the use of the current switches and create identical cycle conditions furthermore if the n step cycles are shifted n times each level is averaged by the n different switch configurations and the problem of the even number is inherently solved in an embodiment the pn junction thermal sensor is made of re usable ic scrap material in this context ic u201c scrap u201d is defined as any assembled chip or bare die that due to the fabrication defects of functional failure cannot fulfil its original purpose of functionality but still has available a set of pn junctions diode like connected which can be used as a thermal sensor those pn junctions can be but are not limited to the.