sciences mack publishing co ed a r gennaro 1985 such materials are nontoxic to the recipients at the dosages and concentrations employed and include buffers such as phosphate citrate acetate and other organic acid salts antioxidants such as ascorbic acid low molecular weight less than about ten residues peptides such as polyarginine proteins such as serum albumin gelatin or immunoglobulins hydrophilic polymers such as polyvinylpyrrolidinone amino acids such as glycine glutamic acid aspartic acid or arginine monosaccharides disaccharides and other carbohydrates including cellulose or its derivatives glucose mannose or dtxtrins chelating agents such as edta sugar alcohols such as mannitol or sorbitol counterions such as sodium and or nonionic surfactants such as tween or polyethyleneglycol methods for preventing or treating thrombosis in a mammal embraced by the invention administer a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of formulae i u2013 vi alone or as part of a pharmaceutical composition of the invention as described above to a mammal in particular a human compounds of formulae i u2013 vi and pharmaceutical compositions of the invention containing a compound of formulae i u2013 vi of the invention are suitable for use alone or as part of a multi component treatment regimen for the prevention or treatment of cardiovascular diseases particularly those related to thrombosis for example a compound or pharmaceutical composition of the invention may be used as a drug or therapeutic agent for any thrombosis particularly a platelet dependent thrombotic indication including but not limited to acute myocardial infarction unstable angina chronic stable angina transient ischemic attacks strokes peripheral vascular disease preeclampsia eclampsia deep venous thrombosis embolism disseminated intravascular coagulation and thrombotic cytopenic purpura thrombotic and restenotic complications following invasive procedures e g angioplasty carotid endarterectomy post cabg coronary artery bypass graft surgery vascular graft surgery.