the mud layer was 10 15 nm the gold substrates with the mud sam were transferred to a dry box filled with n 2 and were dipped in a solution of 0 12 m triethylamine in anhydrous thf at u02dc 0 u00b0 c after 1 min a solution of 2 bromo propionyl bromide in anhydrous thf 0 1 m was added dropwise onto the surface of the substrate to achieve near quantitative initiator immobilization the reaction time was limited to 2 3 min since thiol terminated sams could be unstable in the presence of acid bromides after rinsing with thf in the dry box the gold substrates were removed from the dry box rinsed with ethyl acetate ethanol and milli q water 18 m u03c9cm sequentially and dried under a stream of n 2 in a n 2 filled drybox 5 74 mg 0 04 mmol of cubr 4 47 mg 0 02 mmol of cubr 2 10 26 mg 0 04 mmol of 1 4 8 11 tetramethyl 1 4 8 11 tetraazacyclotetradecane me 4 cyclam and 16 35 mg 0 04 mmol of 4 4 u2032 dinonyl 2 2 u2032 dipyridyl dnnbpy were added to a round bottom flask containing 20 ml of a solution of tba in dmf anisole 2 1 1 v v v the mixture was well stirred in a round bottom flask and heated with an oil bath to 50 u00b0 c until a transparent light green solution formed the solution was then transferred into a small vial with one initiator immobilized gold substrate to start the surface initiated.