airborne ions produced by the charger the additional particle charging in the charging zone could be effectively accomplished by multiple charging mechanisms or a combination of several charging mechanisms for example the gas ions used for particle charging can be produced by a radioactive gas ionizer the aerosol particles can be charged by irradiating aerosol by uv light or soft x rays photoelectric charging produced by corresponding sources of electromagnetic radiation exemplary systems for electrostatic deposition are described in commonly owned u s pat no 7 361 207 and u s pat no 7 393 385 in one embodiment the conductive particles on the glass substrate sinter to form a conductive film the conductive film is transparent in one embodiment the conductive film can comprise a metal a metal oxide a dopant or combinations thereof in one embodiment the conductive film comprises sno 2 zno in 2 o 3 zn sn in or combinations thereof in one embodiment the conductive film comprises cl doped sno 2 f and cl doped sno 2 f doped sno 2 sn doped in 2 o 3 al doped zno cd doped sno 2 or combinations thereof the conductive thin film in one embodiment has a thickness of 2000 nanometers or less for example 10 nanometers to 1000 nanometers for example 10 nanometers to 500 nanometers the glass substrate can be selected from a glass fiber and a glass ribbon exemplary draw processes include draw down glass forming e g fusion draw tube drawing slot drawing.