1 1 where lg 1 is a suitable leaving group such as halo e g f cl or br and 1 2 wherein z 1 can be e g halogen e g br or i or trifluoromethanesulfonate triflate are commercially available or can be made by methods described herein or other methods well known to those skilled in the art a compound of formula 1 3 can be prepared by coupling a compound of formula 1 1 with a compound of formula 1 2 under suitable conditions the coupling can be accomplished for example by heating a mixture of a compound of formula 1 1 with a compound of formula 1 2 in the presence of a base such as cs 2 co 3 in an appropriate solvent such as dimethyl sulfoxide dmso alternatively a metal catalyzed such as using a palladium or copper catalyst coupling may be employed to accomplish the aforesaid coupling in this variant of the coupling a mixture of a compound of formula 1 1 and a compound of formula 1 2 can be heated in the presence of a base such as cs 2 co 3 a metal catalyst such as a palladium catalyst e g pd oac 2 and a ligand such as 1 1 u2032 binaphthalene 2 2 u2032 diylbis diphenylphosphane binap or di tert butyl 3 4 5 6 tetramethyl 2 u2032 4 u2032 6 u2032 tri propan 2 yl biphenyl 2 yl phosphane in an appropriate solvent such as 1 4 dioxane a compound of.