speed of the wheel for the instantaneous pole per se the distance is zero consequently its speed is also zero the speed at the topmost point of the wheel is u2014 since this point lies at twice the distance from the instantaneous pole compared to the hub axle u2014 twice the traveling speed the speed curve between the topmost and the bottommost points of the wheel is proportionate to the distance from the instantaneous pole u2014 i e linear now in the next step when considering any random points on the spokes lying between the horizontal and vertical spokes the following fact is striking when the side toward which the top vertical spoke moves is defined as the front u201c v u201d then the observed spoke in the top wheel half likewise moves in the direction of its front face while the speed in a region of the lower wheel half faces the direction of its rear edge this is the result depending on the current location of the spoke it moves in the direction toward its front or rear face or in other words the lower half of the wheel shows a region in which the direction of movement of the spoke reverses since a wheel rotates continuously each spoke position must be regarded as equally significant the speed curve for each point on the spoke corresponds to a sinusoidal function the highest speed occurs for each point on the spoke as the spoke is in the top vertical position 0 u00b0 the highest negative speed as the spoke is in the bottom vertical position 180 u00b0 since the speed depends on the distance from the instantaneous pole the maximum positive and negative speeds differ in different points on the spoke a point.