can be reconstructed exactly or approximately from the random projections by using a model in essence to find the best or most likely image in some metric among all possible images that could have given rise to those same measurements two or more masks whose combined attenuation whether through transmission or reflection will result in 50 blocking of the light at the detector in a knowable and controllable manner may be employed in either an additive sense in the case of transmissive modulation or in a multiplicative manner in the case of reflective modulation once a series of coefficients is assembled from shifting of these masks relative to each other and the detector is obtained an image can be reconstructed from these compressed measurements such a scheme could be realized in many different ways for both binary and gaussian modulators although not limited to the following some examples outlined below include interdigitated spinning disks rotating concentric cylinders and laterally translated planar sheets or tapes the choice of the material in all cases can be optimized for that particular sensor detector whether capturing images formed by various portions of the electromagnetic spectrum or in the case of transmission also include images formed by but not limited to particles such as electrons and neutrons the mask can be placed in many possible locations in the optical path including but not limited to the image plane lens plane or lens focus this is a method that is only amenable to compressive sensing based on random or pseudo random patterns and is not feasible in imaging schemes that employ transform coding the various compressive imaging systems discussed below directly acquire a.