bypass line 912 1 by using other transmission lines e g testing equipment cascaded switches etc which will be discussed later fig1 depicts loop segment 1100 in an illustrative example in which several switching modules are co located with a plurality of cross connects specifically cross connect 1101 hosts switching module 1102 1 and 1102 2 cross connect 1103 hosts switching module 1104 1 and 1104 2 there are multiple feeder cable runs spanning loop segment 1100 the first feeder run comprises cable 1111 1112 1113 1114 and 1115 and provides a plurality of loop paths the second feeder run comprises cable 1116 1117 1118 1119 and 1120 and provides a plurality of loop paths the span between cross connect 1101 and cross connect 1103 runs through a built up geographic area with other infrastructure present it is possible that either cable 1113 or cable 1118 might be inadvertently damaged e g by a backhoe digging a hole in the vicinity etc cable run diversity is typically used to divide up loop paths across multiple cable runs spanning the same area to guard against mishaps such as a cable being damaged a number of spare line pairs are provided along each run to be activated if need therefore there are loop paths running through cable 1111 1112 1118 i e as opposed to 1113 1114 and 1115 likewise there are loop paths running through 1116 1117 1113 i e as opposed to 1118 1119 and 1120 cable run diversity is achieved by having the multiple cables between two end points running in different paths between the two end points in an illustrative example suppose that cable 1113 is severed by a backhoe the loop paths previously served by line pairs running through cable 1113 have to be reconfigured to use.