subsequent to recrystallization grain size distribution can remain normal throughout the process or a few grains may grow very large while the rest remain approximately unchanged until devoured by the large ones the latter type of grain growth referred to as 34 secondary recrystallization 34 or 34 discontinuous 34 is generally considered to be abnormal it is known that the critical current density through a grain boundary may be reduced significantly for misorientation angles greater than 5 u00b0 10 u00b0 it is thus desirable to obtain superconducting deposits in which the number of grain boundaries with misorientation angles greater than 5 u00b0 10 u00b0 is minimized for conductors in which the superconducting deposit is epitaxial with an underlying metallic or oxide buffer layer or substrate it is desirable to minimize the number of grain boundaries with misorientations greater than 5 u00b0 10 u00b0 this is accomplished if the texture of the substrate is so sharp that grain orientations vary by no more than 5 u00b0 10 u00b0 useful superconducting layers may be obtained using substrates with larger spread in grain orientation but the better the substrate texture the better the properties of the superconductor deposit are expected to be in a cube texture the cube plane lies parallel to the plane of the sheet and a cube edge is parallel to the rolling direction i e 100 001 this texture resembles a single crystal with subgrains but may contain a minor amount of material in twin relation to the principal orientation a fully developed cube texture as described herein has been developed with biaxial alignment with x ray diffraction peak width of 2 u00b0 full width at half maximum brass texture is 110 lt 112 gt it does not appear that brass texture is obtainable as sharp as the.