1 are created on both sides of the alignment axis the size of the pretilt angle u03c6 1 is variable and depends on the duration of uv exposure i e the amount of uv energy absorbed by alignment layer 15 fig4 is a graph showing the relation between the pretilt angle and the irradiation time of the uv light i e the amount of absorption energy of the uv light as shown in the figure the larger the absorption energy is the smaller the pretilt angle becomes accordingly the direction of the alignment axis is determined by the polarization direction of the uv light irradiation and the size of pretilt angle is dependent upon the amount of uv absorption energy after irradiating linearly polarized uv light another light is irradiated to the layer to the direction oblique to the surface of the alignment layer that is one direction of two symmetric pretilt angles is then selected by irradiating alignment layer 15 at an angle u03b8 1 0 u00b0 lt u03b8 1 u2266 60 u00b0 with non linearly polarized uv light specially unpolarized uv light 200 such that all the molecules of alignment layer 15 are oriented at one of the symmetric pretilt angle directions as in fig3 b the alignment layer 15 preferably includes polysiloxane based material.