purchased commercially as well as aligning sleeve 32 and are available in 1 5 and 2 5 mm diameters the inner assembly is held together e g using an external spring loaded casing holding them axially in contact fig6 illustrates a ferrule switch inner assembly having an angled configuration here two apc angled ferrules 38 are assembled aligned by an aligning sleeve 32 to connect the input fiber 4 u2032 with the output fiber 4 u2033 the conducting layer 14 and if needed additional anti reflective layers 16 and 18 are deposited at an angle on one or both ferrules 38 to perform the switching operation here again the angled arrangement prevents reflections from entering the fiber core area ferrules 38 with fibers are made of e g zirconia and can be purchased commercially as well as aligning sleeve 32 and are available in 1 5 and 2 5 mm diameters the inner assembly is held together e g using an external spring loaded casing holding them axially in contact fig7 illustrates a bare fiber switch assembly it consists of two bare fiber e g smf 28 of 125 micrometers diameter lengths 4 u2032 and 4 u2033 cleaved perpendicularly the two fiber lengths 4 u2032 and 4 u2033 are aligned and assembled using an aligning tube or capillary 24 here the conducting layer 14 and if needed the anti reflective layers 16 and 18 are deposited on one.