shows wear decreasing with decreasing zinc in the finished oil both experimental oils contained significantly less zinc than the control oil 1 a follow up experiment was run to further evaluate timing chain wear to zinc level in the finished oil experimental oil 3 is identical to control oil 1 except that it contains half the zddp and half the vanlube u00ae 727 of experimental oil 1 both measured by weight percent this has the net effect of reducing the zinc level by half while maintaining the sulfur and phosphorus levels for all three test oils as similar within test bounce key analytical test data for experimental oil 3 and how it relates to control oil 1 and experimental oil 1 are shown below in table 2 experimental oil 3 delivered a wear test result equivalent to experimental oil 1 yet it contained only half the level of zinc found in control oil 1 thus proving zinc plays a significant role in increasing timing chain wear simultaneously this demonstrates that by maintaining the original phosphorus level with the substitution of a phosphorus containing antiwear additive the amount of zddp can be reduced or eliminated while retaining the antiwear properties molybdenum was investigated for its timing chain antiwear properties in the timing chain wear bench test experimental oil 4 and experimental oil 5 were blended identically to control oil 1 except that experimental oil 4 contained 684 ppm molybdenum and experimental oil 5 contained roughly 338 ppm half the amount of molybdenum as experimental oil 5 see table 3 below for blend analytical test data experimental oils 4 and 5 delivered better wear performance than control oil 1 thus demonstrating that molybdenum plays a significant role in reducing timing.