as described by jensen et al diagnostic imaging pp 68 72 sept 1997 the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference is used to inject the composition into the vertebra this technique a fluoroscopically guided transpedicular approach is especially safe and rapid when the condition leading to the decrease in bone mineral density has progressed to an advanced stage compression fractures of the affected area may occur in such a case operative intervention may be required to facilitate the effective use of the composition of the invention herein operative procedures would include anterior or posterior decompression and stabilization with placement of such internal fixation devices as screws plates cages or rods once the implant site has been first cleaned out and restored to the proper size as in conventional polymer based vertebral augmentation the composition of the invention is injected such that it substantially completely fills the vertebral repair site when the composition is radiopaque filing of the graft site can be monitored fluoroscopically upon withdrawal of the needle or cannula from the implant site the opening through which the composition is injected can be plugged if desired with a suitable material such as a bone chip polymethyl methacrylate bone cement etc in cases where the vertebral body repair site is too.