182 b for passage 186 for example opening 185 on face 182 a and opening 187 on face 182 b are labeled inducer plate 180 may be attached to facing end 112 using any known or later developed device or method including for example bolts screws or other fasteners welding etc the angle u03b1 to which passages 184 186 188 are angled tangentially with respect to longitudinal axis a of stator 110 fig2 will vary of course depending on the desired effect of such angling typically however angle u03b1 is between about 45 u00b0 and about 90 u00b0 from longitudinal axis a of stator 110 e g between about 60 u00b0 and about 85 u00b0 or about 80 u00b0 as noted above applicants have discovered that the swirl ratio of the cooling steam u2014 defined as the circumferential speed of the cooling steam divided by the speed of the rotor u2014 is important in providing efficient cooling and extending rotor life more specifically applicants have discovered that a swirl ratio of about 1 7 or greater results in a higher heat transfer rate angles between about 45 u00b0 and about 90 u00b0 from the longitudinal axis of stator 110 have been found to achieve such swirl ratios fig5 and 6 show schematic cross sectional side views of portions of turbines 300 400 according to other embodiments of the invention in fig5 first seal 226 is a packing ring rather.