finding a compromise of cost quality and size 2 determine the available loudspeaker enclosure volume and geometry this is often dictated by the product exterior design 3 develop a numerical model of the loudspeaker and its enclosure calculate the modes in the cavity and the fully coupled loudspeaker cone cavity system acoustical behavior this can be accomplished either analytically for simple shapes by assuming a clamped circular plate as an approximation for the loudspeaker diaphragm or numerically using finite element boundary element methods for complex shapes 4 design an appropriate aperture or port for providing a leak to alleviate the anti resonance notch without sacrificing low frequency efficiency opening the cavity shifts up the f 0 as compared to a completely closed enclosure 5 from the calculation of the resonance inside the cavity for the full coupled problem cavity coupled acoustic resonance in step 2 determine which modes must be treated by the leak place the aperture designed in step 3 at the appropriate position in the cavity this is usually close to a high pressure area in the enclosure and in phase with the external pressure field to avoid an acoustical short circuit for this reason an aperture position close to the speaker is inappropriate for the present application 6 tune.