with ultrasonically nebulized saline comparison to exercise induced asthma ann allergy 57 355 358 the inhalation of a solution of 4 sodium chloride or 1 sodium chloride and 18 3 dextrose 1 232 mosm can also induce bronchoconstriction wheezing in normal subjects eschenbacher w l h a boushey et al 1983 the effect of osmolarity and ion content of nebulized solutions on cough and bronchoconstriction in human subjects am rev respir dis 1983 127 240 in bronchial rings dissected from fresh human lung tissue hyperosmolar krebs henseleit buffer 450 mosm extra sodium chloride added evokes a biphasic response a rapid relaxation phase peak after 5 min followed by a slow contraction phase peak after 25 min with an overall net increase in airway tone to about twice baseline jongejan r c j c de jongste et al 1991 effect of hyperosmolarity on human isolated central airways br j pharmacol 102 931 937 the calculated osmolarity of the original alevaire solution is 1 019 mosm not dissimilar from that of the solution found to cause bronchoconstriction in normal subjects see eschenbacher above of the total osmolarity the 2 nahco 3 contributes by calculation 476 mosm the 5 glycerol contributes 548 mosm and 0 125 tyloxapol contributes only 0 2 mosm to confirm this formulations of 2 nahco 3 and 5 glycerol in water with and without 0 125 tyloxapol.