been correctly received the receiver then acknowledges the second packet packet 2 and the third packet packet 3 using ack 2 and ack 3 respectively in all cases the acknowledgments are transmitted using the primary modulation scheme one possible embodiment of such a fractal modulation scheme applied to quadrature phase shift keying qpsk is reflected in fig1 in fig1 a qpsk with qpsk underlay is used in this exemplary embodiment the distance between a primary constellation point and the axis is approximately 4 and the distance between a secondary constellation point and its axis where the primary constellation point at the center of the secondary constellation represents the origin of the axis of the secondary constellation points is approximately 0 97 by limiting the amplitude of the secondary modulation data throughput on the primary channel can be made nearly equivalent to that of standard qpsk assuming block error correction the secondary modulation scheme is overlaid over the primary modulation scheme in the following manner a first data packet is taken from a queue of data packets to be transmitted and modulated according to a first primary modulation scheme a second data is taken from the queue of data packets to be transmitted the first symbol of the first data packet is inspected to determine which point of the constellation of the primary modulation scheme it is for example it could be in the fourth quadrant the first symbol of the second data packet is then inspected to determine which point in the constellation of the secondary modulation scheme it is for clarity calling the secondary constellation sub quadrants for example the first.