bone screw may further include a preformed thread below the bone screw seat surface the preformed thread deforming a portion of the passage hole below the seat surface of the connection carrier when the bone screw is screwed in so that a thread connection is formed between the bone screw thread and the connection carrier the deformation being formed by rotating the bone screw at a certain angle to the connection carrier in addition to use of bone screws per se such as disclosed by wolter the present invention further contemplates alternative embodiments wherein the preformed thread consists of a harder material than the deformable projection wherein the bone screw or its casing is of a harder material than the connection carrier or the region to be deformed wherein the casing region of the locking bolt has a lesser hardness than the bonemarrow nail at least in the region of the inner thread wherein the connection carrier comprises a sensor for determining the force transmitted by the connection carrier between the bone ends and a transmitter for the telemetric transfer of the readings and wherein the sensor and or transmitter are integrated into a cavity of the connection carrier the implants described herein may be sized and configured for anterior posterior or lateral approaches and insertion in addition to the features shown the implants spacers and plate spacer constructs may have threaded holes slots or channels to mate with instruments to facilitate holding and inserting the implants to improve the anchoring of the bone fixation element.