sizing effects on the final paper handsheets were prepared and tested as follows sheets were prepared according to tappi standards using bleached kraft of 50 lb 3000 sq ft basis weight adjusted to ph 6 with alum all the sheets contained 0 2 of the alkenyl succinic anhydride synthetic size and 0 03 of a cationic retention aid sheets were tested immediately after drying and again after one hour cure at 105 u00b0 c in comparing the water resistance of these sheets use was made of a dye test employing crystals of potassium permanganate and an acid ink penetration test in the dye test several crystals of potassium permanganate are placed on the upper surface of a swatch of test paper which is then set afloat in distilled water at room temperature as the water is absorbed into the paper the crystals are moistened and impart a characteristic deep violet color to the paper the time measured in seconds required for an end point where three colored spots first appear on the paper surface is noted and is in direct relation to the water resistance since a more water resistant paper will retard the moistening of the permanganate crystals which had been placed upon its upper surface the acid ink penetration test is a comparison test wherein a swatch of test paper is floated in a dish of acid ink ph 1 5 at 100 u00b0 f and the time measured in seconds required for the ink to penetrate through the paper to reach.