and heterocyclic radical oxy specific examples include fluoromethyl hydroxyethyl 2 3 dihydroxyethyl 2 or 3 furanyl methyl cyclopropylmethyl benzyloxyethyl 3 pyridinyl methyl 2 or 3 furanyl methyl 2 thienyl ethyl hydroxypropyl aminocyclohexyl 2 dimethylaminobutyl methoxymethyl n pyridinylethyl diethylaminoethyl and cyclobutylmethyl alkenyl groups are analogous to alkyl groups but have at least one double bond two adjacent sp 2 carbon atoms depending on the placement of a double bond and substituents if any the geometry of the double bond may be entgegen e or zusammen z cis or trans similarly alkynyl groups have at least one triple bond two adjacent sp carbon atoms unsaturated alkenyl or alkynyl groups may have one or more double or triple bonds respectively or a mixture thereof like alkyl groups unsaturated groups may be straight chain or branched and they may be substituted as described both above for alkyl groups and throughout the disclosure by example examples of alkenyls alkynyls and substituted forms include cis 2 butenyl trans 2 butenyl 3 butynyl 3 phenyl 2 propynyl 3 2 u2032 fluorophenyl 2 propynyl 3 methyl 5 phenyl 4 pentynyl 2 hydroxy 2 propynyl 2 methyl 2 propynyl 2 propenyl 4 hydroxy 3 butynyl 3 3 fluorophenyl 2 propynyl and 2 methyl 2 propenyl in formula i alkenyl and alkynyl groups can be.