j x l1d j k l1d_in_m l1s j k t j k 0 l0d_in_m l0d j t j k as l0d j uses an input port from l1 for multicast connection j destination k in cycle t for each t 0 lt t lt p and each unique l0s l0s i l0s j over all i and j where l0s_out_ch l0s is the output channels allocated in l0s for circuit switched network for each t 0 lt t lt p and each unique l1s l1s i l1s j over all i and j where l1s_out_ch l1s is the output channels allocated in l1s for circuit switched network for each t 0 lt t lt p and each unique l1d l1d i l1d j k over all i j and k where l1d_out_ch l1d is the input channels allocated in l1d for circuit switched network for each t 0 lt t lt p and each unique l0d l0d i l0d j k over all i j and k where l0d_out_ch l1d is the input channel allocated in l0d for circuit switched network this is now a satisfiability modulo theories smt problem that can be solved by a standard satisfiability solver in various embodiments packet switched connections are established on demand using resources allocated to packet switched networks both data sources and data destinations can request packet connections using push or pull commands respectively requests in various command formats.