these film imperfections include such surface tension related defects as crawling picture framing fish eyes shiners pits pockmarks orange peel and benard cells the latter are also called vortex cells and result from changes in the surface tension during the drying process which results from changes in the composition of the coating film as the solvents evaporate perfluorinated surfactants are particularly useful for improving the aesthetics of the coating film due to their excellent ability to wet difficult to wet surfaces most notably plastic or polymeric substrates this is especially true for those substrates that are injection molded which tend to be difficult to wet due to the presence of very low surface energy mold release materials that may be used internally or externally care must be taken to avoid adding too much of these highly efficacious materials since at higher concentrations they can induce some of the very same coating defects that they are employed to eliminate optionally one or more blue or violet dyes may also be used in the coating formula to counteract any yellowing that may occur during the curing process with some coating formulas lens materials or combinations thereof according to the second step of the process of the present invention the coating prepared from the first step is spin applied to one surface of a lens before applying the coating the lens is pretreated to ensure thorough cleaning and adequate adhesion the pretreatment can be a prewash soak surface preparation or conditioning process that may include some combination of deionizing high pressure clean air spray high pressure aqueous wash hand washing mechanical scrubbing solvent washing vapor degreasing anionic detergent cationic detergent nonionic detergent amphoteric or zwitterionic detergent ultrasonic energy aqueous alkali metal hydroxide ultraviolet.