with the non foster impedance is to move the nic circuit 10 before the output stage 20 of the pa as shown in fig3 a and 3 b fig3 b depicts an embodiment utilizing a fet device 25 a in the output stage 20 while fig3 b depicts an embodiment using a bjt or any current amplifying device 25 b in the output stage 20 by operating the nic 10 where the signal levels are smaller the overall transmitter efficiency is increased by the power gain realized in the output stage 20 furthermore by utilizing a low resistance source follower see fig3 a or emitter follower see fig3 b output stage 20 after the nic 10 the pa is better suited to driving the low resistance of an electrically small antenna 30 the source follower or emitter follower output stage 20 effectively achieves a broadband impedance transformation where the impedance seen at its gate see fig3 a or base see fig3 b is larger than that at the antenna 30 by a factor equal to the current and power gain of the source follower fig3 a or emitter follower fig3 b which is shown as u03b2 in fig3 a and 3 b this property allows the nic 10 to operate at resistance levels higher than that of the antenna 30 for greater system efficiency a property that can be exploited by using the nic 10 to provide the first stage.