clotrimazole ketoconazole miconazole griseofulvin hydroxyzine diphenhydramine pramoxine lidocaine procaine mepivacaine monobenzone erythromycin tetracycline clindamycin meclocycline hydroquinone minocycline naproxen ibuprofen theophylline cromolyn albuterol retinoic acid 13 cis retinoic acid hydrocortisone hydrocortisone 21 acetate hydrocortisone 17 valerate hydrocortisone 17 butyrate betamethasone valerate betamethasone dipropionate triamcinolone acetonide fluocinonide clobetasol propionate benzoyl peroxide crotamiton propranolol promethazine vitamin a palmitate and vitamin e acetate we have discovered that topical formulations or compositions containing specific alpha hydroxyacids or alpha ketoacids or related compounds are therapeutically very effective for certain skin disorders without utilizing any amphoteric or pseudoamphoteric systems the alpha hydroxyacids and the related compounds include 2 hydroxyethanoic acid 2 hydroxypropanoic acid 2 methyl 2 hydroxypropanoic acid 2 phenyl 2 hydroxyethanoic acid 2 2 diphenyl 2 hydroxyethanoic acid 2 phenyl 2 methyl 2 hydroxyethanoic acid and 2 phenyl 3 hydroxypropanoic acid the alpha ketoacids and their esters include 2 ketopropanoic acid methyl 2 ketopropanoate and ethyl 2 ketopropanoate the mentioned skin disorders include warts keratoses age spots acne nail infections wrinkles and aging related skin changes in general the concentration of the alpha hydroxyacid the alpha ketoacid or the related compound used in the composition is a full strength to an intermediate strength therefore the dispensing and the application require special handling and procedures if the alpha hdyroxyacid or the alpha ketoacid or the related compound at full strength usually 95 100 is a liquid form at room temperature such as 2 hydroxypropanoic acid 2 ketopropanoic acid methyl 2 ketopropanoate and ethyl 2 ketopropanoate the liquid compound with or without a gelling agent is directly dispensed as 0 5 to 1 ml aliquots in small vials if the alpha hydroxyacid or the alpha ketoacid or the related.