6 c carbides decreases average interdiffusion coefficient too much addition can result in the formation of undesirable brittle intermetallic phases and can reduce oxidation resistance manganese stabilizes the austenitic matrix phase provides solid solution strengthening and also helps in trapping sulfur carbon nitrogen required for the formation of carbide and carbo nitride phases that can act as grain boundary pinning agents to minimize grain growth and to provide resistance to grain boundary sliding fine precipitation of carbides and carbonitrides can increase high temperature strength and creep resistance tungsten provides solid solution strengthening and decreases average interdiffusion coefficient too much can result in the formation of brittle intermetallic phases typically ni based alloys are strengthened through a combination of solid solution strengthening and precipitation strengthening the primary advantage of solid solution strengthened alloys is microstructural stability since strengthening is primarily obtained through the presence of solute elements in solid solution that may be different in size and chemical composition from the solvent and not through the presence of precipitates microstructural changes such as coarsening of precipitates will not be relevant in determining the properties of these alloys furthermore fabrication such as forming and welding operations are simpler due to solid solution strengthening being the primary strengthening mechanism however solid solution strengthened alloys can be primarily used in applications that need relatively lower yield and tensile strengths and lower creep strength when compared to precipitation strengthened alloys but require consistent properties for.