shaped variable valve linear control of flow rate or pressure is facilitated compared with a conventional disc variable valve furthermore control of flow rate or pressure is enabled by a simple method so constitution of a control system is facilitated application_number US 200913061512 A description as described above a control system which controls the flow rate or pressure by using conventional control valves hardly performs a linear control of the flow rate or pressure and accompanies great pressure loss flow noise and vibration and has a complicated configuration accordingly as a valve used for a flow rate control system a variable valve is required to efficiently control the flow rate or pressure linearly reduce pressure loss inside the valve generate less flow noise and vibration and enable a simpler control system the present invention relates to an active control and semi active control flow rate valve which solves the foregoing technical problem an aperture shaped variable valve according to the present invention has a plurality of aperture plates arranged in a ring shape by overlapping each other on an aperture frame to form a semi spherical or cone aperture surface a hinge is formed in a front side of the valve in the aperture frame to maintain a predetermined entrance diameter and a discharger is formed in an opposite direction of the aperture frame as a.