working principle for the polarity of vg shown in fig2 and in the case of an organic material which is conducting in its oxidized state and non conducting when reduced to its neutral state when a gate voltage vg is applied between the gate electrodes 4 a and 4 b gate electrode 4 a is polarized positive anode and gate electrode 4 b is polarized negative cathode this leads to onset of electrochemistry in the electrochemically active element the organic material in the transistor channel 3 a adjacent to gate electrode 4 a is reduced while the organic material in the redox sink volume 3 b adjacent to gate electrode 4 b is oxidized these electrochemical reactions require an internal transfer of electrons within the electrochemically active element electrons that are released in the oxidation reaction in the redox sink volume migrate to the transistor channel where they replenish the electrons consumed in the reduction of organic material occurring in this segment of the electrochemically active element the reduced volume in the transistor channel displays a drastically diminished electrical conductivity which results in the closure of the transistor channel and an effective reduction of the source drain current for a given source drain voltage vds i e the transistor is u201c off u201d when the external circuit applying voltage to the gate electrodes 4 a and 4 b is broken a spontaneous discharge occurs in that electrons flow from the reduced material in the transistor channel to the oxidized material in the redox sink volume until the original redox state is re established within the electrochemically active element.