business practice are observed when demand outstrips supply and certain items are at a premium changes in prices of staples and medicine are observed as well as profiteering changes in advertising and formation of black markets integrity of infrastructure denotes the progressive strain that occurs when a disease defies countermeasures compromised infrastructure is observed when hospitals are reported to be overburdened or inundated with patients often to the point of creating new disease wards or placing patients in hallways because of a lack of space infrastructure collapse is observed when hospitals must close or turn patients away because an overwhelming number of patients are presenting because resources are depleted and or because health care workers have been incapacitated by the disease as an indigenous medical infrastructure progresses from compromise to collapse a combination of multiple social disruption parameters is observed indicating a full social crisis declaration of martial law to preserve basic government functions open conflict between citizens and government officials widespread economic damage and heavy dependence on international support these parameters indicate maximal social disruption and a loss of ability to control or contain the disease it has been recognized that over time the identity and characteristics of particular i amp ws may vary with the disease.