u201d and like descriptions a second layer include embodiments where the first and second layers are in direct contact and those where one or more layers are interposing the first and second layers fig1 a is a cross sectional view showing the steps of forming a lens assembly known by the inventor a mold substrate is provided which includes a base substrate 10 and a mold layer 12 formed thereon wherein the mold layer 12 is usually formed of a polymer material such as pdms a recess 12 a and a smaller recess 12 b adjacent to the recess 12 a are formed from a surface of the mold layer 12 a lens precursor material is disposed on the recess 12 a typically the disposed precursor material has a volume larger than the volume of the space in the recess 12 a an excess portion of the lens precursor material may flow into the recess 12 b a substrate 100 is then placed on the mold substrate wherein a surface 100 a of the substrate 100 faces the mold substrate and contacts with the lens precursor material filled in the recess 12 a a light 14 is irradiated from a surface 100 b of.