of case travel in this example the first case a and the second case b are touching one another but it is possible for there to be initially some gap between the cases in fig1 b the turning device 200 has collided with a first end of the first case a causing the speed of the first end of case a in the direction of case travel to be reduced a second end of case a is permitted to continue its movement in the direction of case travel at a speed greater than the first end thus causing the case a to turn about an axis normal to the direction of case travel because of its contact with the case a case b also begins to turn in fig1 c case a has completed most of its turn and case b has completed most of its turn in fig1 d case a is no longer in contact with the turning device 200 and case a and case b have each completed their simultaneous turn and have been reoriented 90 degrees relative to the direction of case travel as previously stated the cases are turned by a turning device 200 the turning device 200 could be an arm which moves laterally relative to the direction of case travel from a first lateral position or rest position outside of the path of the cases.