receive the bolts 26 that are used to hold the washer 18 in position the washer 18 presses down on the damper 16 as the bolts 26 are tightened to retain the inner core 14 against the ground 28 this ensures that the inner core 14 the damper 16 and the washer 18 are all tightly pressed together and held in position once the bollard 10 is assembled this will mean that in the event of a collision the energy of the collision will reach the damper 16 which disperses as much of the energy as possible the bollard 10 has a very simple construction and is very easy to assemble the damper 16 and the washer 18 both have a circumference that matches the interior shape of the inner core 14 and are placed in the bottom of the inner core 14 the inner core 14 can be placed onto the ground 28 and retained in place using the bolts 26 the outer cover 12 is then placed over the inner core 14 and the lugs 24 are screwed into the holes 22 as far as possible in order to prevent the unauthorised removal of the outer cover 12 in this way the bollard 10 is assembled in position referring to fig8 in another embodiment an impact absorption apparatus 90 utilizes a similar impact absorption mechanism as the inner core of the bollard described above but does not require an outer cover the impact absorption apparatus 90 includes a bumper 80 a shock absorber 84.