the group of peroxides miscible in water such as hydrogen peroxide organic hydroperoxides and organic peroxides due to its availability hydrogen peroxide is most convenient to use often obtained in aqueous solutions with a concentration of about 30 and in some industrial cases in concentrations of 70 to 98 typical formulations of the second step cleaning solution use from about 10 1 to about 1 1 water to peroxide bases that can be used in the second step include inorganic and organic bases that are water soluble typical bases include salts or aqueous solutions concentrated or diluted of bases like ca oh 2 naoh or koh as well as bases such as nh 4 oh and the like base concentrations can be varied as necessary to obtain the proper ph or can be from 10 1 to about 1 1 water to base where appropriate fig1 shows a schematic of the trt transfer process graphene on a copper formation substrate is first flattened between two cleaned glass slides a pre cut piece of thermal release tape trt is placed on top of the graphene surface the tape graphene copper sample u2018 stack u2019 is then placed into a press and sandwiched between two steel plates pressure from about 150 to about 1000 psi is applied to the stack for sufficient time to transfer or adhere the substrate typically.