1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 and 10 auxiliary induction coils independently heating the wall 68 of the reactor section 64 and the wall 86 of the central chimney 84 provides for the added advantage of preventing blockage of the reactor section 64 and the chimney 84 by avoiding premature particle condensation therein indeed such auxiliary heating prevents the deposition and accumulation of solid deposits on the inner wall of the reactor section and chimney by keeping the temperature of the reactor wall and chimney wall above the melting point of the precursor material product or processed material any material deposited on the inner walls of the reactor and or chimney would remain in the liquid state and be evacuated down along the reactor and chimney walls back into the crucible containing the molten pool of precursor material inductively heating the chimney also provides for the added advantage of preheating any reactive gas or other to be added to the plasma flow suitable auxiliary gas inlets are typically positioned at or near the top of the chimney 84 the introduction of a reactive gas allows for chemical and or physical modifications of the nanopowder product with reference to fig6 and as previously described with reference to fig3 the quench section 76 comprises an upstream expanding frusto conical quench chamber 78 including a serrated saw like inner.