to the hvps 2110 the collector plate 2102 may be disposed above and away from the combustion volume 2108 distal to the flame 2101 arranged to cause at least one particle classification to flow to a collection location and to cause at least one different particle classification to flow to one or more locations different from the collection location the main particle flow may typically be aerodynamic the differentiation between the collected particles and uncollected particles may be based at least partly on the response of a characteristic charge to mass ratio q m of the collected particles in yet another embodiment a director conduit may be configured to receive the flow of the selected particle classification at a first collection location and to convey the flow of at the least one particle classification to an output location the output location may be selected to cause the output flow of the selected particle classification to flow back toward the flame 2101 for example unburned fuel particles may be relatively heavy and have a tendency to carry positive charges on their surface according to yet another embodiment the described system can recycle the unburned fuel to the flame 2101 for example this can allow higher flow rates than could normally be sustained with high combustion efficiency fig2 shows an embodiment of a combustion system 2200 employing a corona discharge device as described in fig2 and the director conduit 2202 particles 2104 charged by ionic wind 2114 generated by a corona discharge created by the application of a high voltage to electrodes 2106 provide charged particles 2112 in an embodiment charged particles 2112 may exit combustion volume 2108 and may be attracted to director conduit 202 which may be polarized or.