depends on the square of the velocity difference v 2 between the atomizing gas and the liquid furthermore for a given liquid orifice dimension the flow rate of liquid into the flow channel depends on the nozzle pressure and the flow is cut off if the pressure is too high atomization efficiency is influenced by the dimensions of the liquid stream entering the nozzle in order to obtain a large liquid flow rate into an aspirating nozzle larger liquid orifices are required or a nozzle pressure nearer the minimum in fig7 is required both of these will result in a low gas to metal mass ratio and poorer atomization efficiency during gas atomization a liquid is disintegrated into relatively fine droplets by the action of aerodynamic forces that overcome surface tension forces which consolidate the liquid the liquid 39 s viscosity and density also influence atomization behavior but typically play a more secondary role viscosity affects both the degree of atomization and the spray pattern by influencing the amount of interfacial contact area between the liquid and gas viscous liquids oppose change in geometry more efficiently than low viscosity liquids making the generation of a uniform spray jet more difficult for a given set of flow conditions density influences how the liquid responds to momentum transfer from the gas light liquids accelerate more rapidly in the gas.