d the focusing surface 118 of the optical turning element 106 is substantially parallel to the x axis as stated above the focusing surface is the surface from where the reflected output lights are emitted out of the element toward the optical fibers the focusing surface includes lenses 120 a 120 b 120 c and 120 d which are formed on the focusing surface thus the lenses are structurally integrated into the optical turning element these lenses of the optical turning element separately manipulate the output lights from the corresponding edge emitting lasers 104 a 104 b 104 c and 104 d which have been reflected by the reflecting surface 116 into exposed ends of the respective optical fibers 110 a 110 b 110 c and 110 d the surfaces of the lenses could be fabricated as etched or cast refractive or diffractive surfaces the lenses may be designed so that the is output lights emitted from the optical turning element propagate in a convergent parallel or divergent manner the lenses may also be designed so that one or more of the output lights propagate off axis from the lenses in the exemplary embodiment the pitch of the lenses is 0 25 mm however the pitch of the lenses may be shorter or longer as illustrated in fig1 and 2 the optical turning element includes four lenses which correspond to the four edge emitting lasers of the array 102 thus the number of lenses included in the optical turning element depends on the number of edge emitting lasers being used in the osa 100.