interfacing with exterior fluidic delivery and removal systems as well as desalting additionally the flow cell compartment is covered and sealed by a fused quartz window or lid 28 for visual access to the microarray analysis sites or capture pads this window 28 can comprise any thickness of quartz but generally is about 0 015 inches thick the window 28 may be attached to the flow cell and the flow cell to the chip by any number of methods of which a preferred method uses an ultraviolet uv curing adhesive 26 developed for optics assembly attachment of the flow cell to the chip may be either directly to a bare surface of the chip or to the permeation layer overlaying the microarray also using adhesive 26 tubing is attached to the inlet and outlet ports using a variety of methods depending on the tubing size fittings and the tubing base material in an alternative embodiment the integrated system may use two flow cells one for sample preparation and the second for analysis fig6 shows in schematic form such an embodiment the first flow chamber 31 is attached to a heating element 12 and may optionally have an electronically addressable microchip 31 a or no such microchip 31 b in either format i e with or.