the waste paper and adds to the overall strength of the end product the starch stiffens the resulting paper pulp while the soluble polyvinyl alcohol acts as an emulsifier and binding agent to combine all of the fiber materials and adheres the calcium carbonate marble dust to the paper fibers it may be beneficial to add a stabilizing ingredient to the slurry to further strengthen the finished product the addition of a small amount of calcium lignosulfonate decreases water in the slurry and acts as a static charge neutralizing compound to statically charged materials with loose ionic bonding such as the calcium carbonate adding this product allows less water to be used but enhances workability of the slurry generally the calcium lignosulfonate will comprise less than 1 by volume of the slurry the preferred amount will be between 0 4 and 0 6 by volume the preferred materials include marble dust that includes approximately 99 calcium carbonate caco3 sifted at approximately 35 mesh 500 micrometer sieve one such product is generally available from mississippi lime company and marketed as their calcarb afm athletic field marker ground calcium carbonate in addition to the calcium carbonate a small amount of crystalline silica is included the preferred ph of the product is between 8 and 9 the preferred polyvinyl alcohol is provided by sekisui and is the pvoh 205s which is a water soluble polyvinyl alcohol the preferred starch or amylum is the well known polysaccharide presenting as food grade starch the preferred bleach.