She is the university's 11th chancellor, a role which dates back to 1860.
Camilla succeeds Lord Wilson of Tillyorn, who stepped down in December.
The Duchess of Rothesay attended a ceremony at the university, before presenting honorary degrees. She will then attend a reception.
Camilla, the Duchess of Rothesay, has been unveiled as the new chancellor of the University of Aberdeen - and described it as a "great honour".