《资治通鉴·唐纪·唐纪六十》
这是朝廷惩罚太轻的过失，也是军队出征败北的第四条原因；军队出征时，大将不能集中兵权，朝廷出使前线的宦官和监军却来往指挥，有的亲自率领兵马，有的亲自擂鼓督战，有的说应当摆偃月阵，有的说应当布鱼丽阵，常常争吵不息。三军将士不知所措，往往在徘徊慌乱的时候，被敌军骑兵乘机冲击，大败而归。这是朝廷不能集中兵权的过失，也是军队出征败北的第五条原因。
大将兵柄不得专，恩臣、敕使迭来挥之，堂然将陈，殷然将鼓，一则曰必为偃月，一则曰必为鱼丽，三军万夫，环旋翔羊愰骇之间，虏骑乘之，遂取吾之鼓旗，此不专任责成之过，其败五也。
It is the fault of the imperial court for punishing too lightly, which is the fourth reason for the defeat of the army; when the army goes out to fight, the generals do not have concentrated military power. Instead, the eunuchs and supervisors sent to the front by the imperial court take turns giving commands. Some personally lead the troops, and some personally beat drums to urge the soldiers on. Some say they should set up the crescent moon formation, and some say they should set up the fish and carp formation, often arguing endlessly. The soldiers do not know what to do and often hesitate and panic, only to be defeated by the enemy's cavalry. It is the fault of the imperial court for not being able to concentrate military power, which is the fifth reason for the defeat of the army.
<s>[INST] 分析以下文言文, 并提供现代汉语和英语翻译: 大将兵柄不得专，恩臣、敕使迭来挥之，堂然将陈，殷然将鼓，一则曰必为偃月，一则曰必为鱼丽，三军万夫，环旋翔羊愰骇之间，虏骑乘之，遂取吾之鼓旗，此不专任责成之过，其败五也。 [/INST] 现代汉语解释: 这是朝廷惩罚太轻的过失，也是军队出征败北的第四条原因；军队出征时，大将不能集中兵权，朝廷出使前线的宦官和监军却来往指挥，有的亲自率领兵马，有的亲自擂鼓督战，有的说应当摆偃月阵，有的说应当布鱼丽阵，常常争吵不息。三军将士不知所措，往往在徘徊慌乱的时候，被敌军骑兵乘机冲击，大败而归。这是朝廷不能集中兵权的过失，也是军队出征败北的第五条原因。 英语翻译: It is the fault of the imperial court for punishing too lightly, which is the fourth reason for the defeat of the army; when the army goes out to fight, the generals do not have concentrated military power. Instead, the eunuchs and supervisors sent to the front by the imperial court take turns giving commands. Some personally lead the troops, and some personally beat drums to urge the soldiers on. Some say they should set up the crescent moon formation, and some say they should set up the fish and carp formation, often arguing endlessly. The soldiers do not know what to do and often hesitate and panic, only to be defeated by the enemy's cavalry. It is the fault of the imperial court for not being able to concentrate military power, which is the fifth reason for the defeat of the army.</s>
分析以下文言文, 并提供现代汉语和英语翻译: 大将兵柄不得专，恩臣、敕使迭来挥之，堂然将陈，殷然将鼓，一则曰必为偃月，一则曰必为鱼丽，三军万夫，环旋翔羊愰骇之间，虏骑乘之，遂取吾之鼓旗，此不专任责成之过，其败五也。
user
现代汉语解释: 这是朝廷惩罚太轻的过失，也是军队出征败北的第四条原因；军队出征时，大将不能集中兵权，朝廷出使前线的宦官和监军却来往指挥，有的亲自率领兵马，有的亲自擂鼓督战，有的说应当摆偃月阵，有的说应当布鱼丽阵，常常争吵不息。三军将士不知所措，往往在徘徊慌乱的时候，被敌军骑兵乘机冲击，大败而归。这是朝廷不能集中兵权的过失，也是军队出征败北的第五条原因。 英语翻译: It is the fault of the imperial court for punishing too lightly, which is the fourth reason for the defeat of the army; when the army goes out to fight, the generals do not have concentrated military power. Instead, the eunuchs and supervisors sent to the front by the imperial court take turns giving commands. Some personally lead the troops, and some personally beat drums to urge the soldiers on. Some say they should set up the crescent moon formation, and some say they should set up the fish and carp formation, often arguing endlessly. The soldiers do not know what to do and often hesitate and panic, only to be defeated by the enemy's cavalry. It is the fault of the imperial court for not being able to concentrate military power, which is the fifth reason for the defeat of the army.
assistant