《左传·僖公·僖公五年》
宫之奇回答说： 下臣听说，鬼神并不是亲近哪一个人，而只是依从有德行的人，所以《周书》说： 上天没有私亲，只对有德行的才加以辅助。 
对曰： 臣闻之，鬼神非人实亲，惟德是依。故《周书》曰： 皇天无亲，惟德是辅。 
Gong Chiqi replied and said: My subordinates heard that ghosts and gods are not close to anyone, but only follow the virtuous people, so the "Book of Zhou" says: God has no relatives, and thus helps everyone.