《将苑·卷一·逐恶》
不论是治军还是理国，有五种人需要对之注意，他们是国家、军队混乱的祸患。这五种人是：私结朋党，搞小团体，专爱讥毁、打击有才德的人；在衣服上奢侈、浪费、穿戴与众不同的帽子、服饰、虚荣心重、哗众取宠的人；不切实际地夸大盅感民众人，制造谣言欺诈视听的人；专门搬弄是非，为了自己的私利而兴师动众的人；非常在意自己的个人得失，暗中与敌人勾结在一起的人。
夫军国之弊，有五害焉：一曰结党相连，毁谮贤良；二曰侈其衣服，异其冠带；三曰虚夸妖术，诡言神道；四曰专察是非，私以动众；五曰伺候得失，阴结敌人。
Whether governing the army or governing the country, there are five types of people that need to be paid attention to, they are the祸患 of the chaos in the country and the army. These five types of people are: forming cliques, engaging in petty groups, and especially loving to criticize and attack talented people; people who are extravagant and wasteful in clothing, wear different hats and clothes, have a strong vanity, and cater to the public; those who exaggerate and deceive the public and create rumors to deceive the public; those who specialize in righting wrongs and mobilizing people for their own selfish interests; those who attach great importance to their own gains and losses and collude with the enemy in secret.