《礼记·檀弓下》
已经担任一定官职而尚未领取傣禄的人，如果国君送东西给他，不能说是 赐 ，而要称作 献 ；使者向他传达君命，还得称国君为 寡君 ；如果离开该国而国君去世了，他也不必为国君服丧。
仕而未有禄者：君有馈焉曰献，使焉曰寡君；违而君薨，弗为服也。
People who have taken up certain official positions but have not yet received their salaries, if the monarch gives them something, it cannot be called a "gift", but should be called a "gift"; when the messenger delivers the monarch's order to him, he must call the monarch "the widow"; if he leaves the country and the monarch dies, he does not have to mourn for the monarch.