《管子·揆度》
管仲说： 善于管理商业的，就要由国家同时办商业；国家办商业，市场就清淡冷落；市场清淡冷落，农业劳动力就充足；农业劳力充足，百姓财物就丰富；百姓财物丰富，君主的税收就取之不竭了。
管子曰： 善正商任者省有肆，省有肆则市朝闲，市朝闲则田野充，田野充则民财足，民财足则君赋敛焉不穷。
Guan Zhong said: Those who are good at managing commerce must have the state carry out commerce at the same time; when the state carries out commerce, the market will be cold and deserted; when the market is cold and deserted, there will be sufficient agricultural labor; when there is sufficient agricultural labor, the people will be rich; when the people are rich, the monarch will have an endless supply of tax revenue.