《孔子家语·相鲁》
鲁定公和齐侯在齐国的夹谷会盟，孔子代理司仪，孔子对鲁定公说： 我听说，举行和平盟会一定要有武力作为后盾，而进行军事活动也一定要有和平外交的准备。
定公与齐侯会于夹谷，孔子摄相事，曰： 臣闻有文事者必有武备，有武事者必有文备。
Duke Ding of Lu and the Duke of Qi entered into a covenant at Jiagu in Qi, and Confucius acted as the master of ceremonies. Confucius said to Duke Ding of Lu: I have heard that in order to hold a peace alliance, one must have military force as a backing, and in order to carry out military activities, one must also have peaceful diplomatic preparations.