《论衡·卷二十·论死篇》
论述死人不会变成鬼，没有知觉，不能够害人，那么人们所见到的鬼，不是死人的精神，那些伤害人的，不是死人的精神所为，就很明白了。
夫论死不为鬼，无知，不能害人，则夫所见鬼者，非死人之精，其害人者，非其精所为，明矣。
The claim that dead people don't become ghosts, don't have consciousness, and can't harm humans is reasonable because the ghosts that people see aren't the spirits of the dead. Instead, they are caused by something other than the spirits of the dead.