《明史·列传·卷一百四十九》
承畴、象升合计后认为关中地势平坦广阔，利于骑兵，就让祖宽、重镇的部队开入陕西。而襄阳、均州、宜城、谷城、上津、南漳一带满山都是贼兵。
承畴、象升议，关中平旷，利骑兵，以宽、重镇军入陕，而襄阳、均、宜、谷、上津、南漳，环山皆贼。
After discussing it, Chengchou and Xiang Sheng concluded that the terrain of Guanzhong was flat and open, which was advantageous for the cavalry, so they ordered Zu Kuan and the troops of Zhongzhen to enter Shaanxi. However, Xiangyang, Junzhou, Yicheng, Gucheng, Shangjin and Nanxiang were all full of bandits.