《资治通鉴·汉纪·汉纪九》
 我听说圣明的君主治理天下，臣子年幼时就学习知识，成年后就给他官位以磨砺他的才能，颁给爵位俸禄以培养他的品德，实施刑罚以威慑他的罪恶念头，所以，百姓才能通晓礼义，而以冲犯君主为耻。
 臣闻圣王之治天下也，少则习之学，长则材诸位，爵禄以养其德，刑罚以威其恶，故民晓于礼谊而耻犯其上。
I heard that the saints ruled the world. When their ministers were young, they studied knowledge. When they became adults, they were given official positions to hone their abilities and awarded titles and salaries to cultivate their character. Punishment was imposed to deter their evil thoughts, so the people could understand etiquette and shame was a shame to offend the monarch.