《史记·七十列传·日者列传》
有才学而不去做，这是不忠；没有才学而寄居官位，享受皇上的俸禄，妨碍贤能者的地位，这是窃居官位。有关系的就进用做官，有钱财的就礼遇尊敬，这叫做虚伪。
才贤不为，是不忠也；才不贤而讬官位，利上奉，妨贤者处，是窃位也；有人者进，有财者礼，是伪也。
Having talents but not putting them into practice is disloyalty; having no talents but taking up official positions and enjoying the emperor's salary, hindering the position of the virtuous, is usurping official positions. Appointing officials based on connections and treating those with wealth with respect is called hypocrisy.