《明史·列传·卷一百九十九》
十八年，乌蒙知府亦德上奏说蛮族地区属刀耕火种，连年遭受霜冻、干旱和疾病的侵袭，百姓饥荒穷困，每岁必须输送给朝廷的粮食无法征收和缴纳。
十八年，乌蒙知府亦德言，蛮地刀耕火种，比年霜旱疾疫，民饥窘，岁输之粮无从徵纳。
In 1372, Yide, prefect of Wumeng, reported that the tribes practiced slash-and-burn agriculture, suffering from frost damage, drought, and disease year after year. The people were poor and starving and were unable to collect and pay the grain quota that they were sending to the imperial court.