《资治通鉴·汉纪·汉纪四十四》
尚书令黄琼认为，先前左雄所上奏的关于孝廉的选举制度，只限于推荐精通经学的 儒学 和通晓公文格式的，对于选拔人才的原则还有遗漏。于是上书皇帝，请求增加 孝悌 和 有能力从政 两科，加上原有的 儒学 、 文吏 两科，共为四科。顺帝采纳。
尚书令黄琼以前左雄所上孝廉之选，专用儒学、文吏，于取士之义犹有所遗，乃奏增孝悌及能从政者为四科；帝从之。
The Minister over the Masses, Huang Qiong, submitted a memorial saying that earlier when Zuo Xiong had put forward a recommendation for an electoral system for filial and incorruptible officials, the system recommended only Confucians familiar with the classics and civil servants familiar with the format of official documents. It had neglected the principles of selecting men of talent for office. He therefore requested that two further categories be added to the two original categories of Confucian and civil servant: “filial and fraternal” and “capable of government service,” making a total of four categories. Emperor Shun adopted this proposal.