《汉书·传·王莽传中》
公爵作国甸服，这是城堡；所有在侯服的诸侯，这是依靠；在采服、任服的诸侯，这是支柱；在宾服的诸侯，这是屏障；在揆文教、奋武卫地带的诸侯，这是墙垣；在九州以外的外族，这是藩篱：各按自己所在的区域定称号，总起来就是全天下。 
公作甸服，是为惟城；诸在侯服，是为惟宁；在采、任诸侯，是为惟翰；在宾服，是为惟屏；在揆文教，奋武卫，是为惟垣；在九州之外，是为惟藩：各以其方为称，总为万国焉。 
The feudal lords wore their national uniforms, which were the fortresses; all the feudal lords who wore the official uniform of a marquis were the reliance; the feudal lords who wore the official uniform of a duke, were the pillars; the feudal lords who wore the official uniform of a vassal, were the screen; the feudal lords who wore the official uniform of a scholar or a general, were the wall; the foreign races outside the Nine Provinces were the fences: each region had its own title, all in all, it was the whole world.