《魏书·帝纪·卷三》
河西胡曹龙、张大头等人，各自统领部落，拥有部众二万人，来到蒲子，在研子垒逼迫威胁张外。
河西胡曹龙、张大头等，各领部，拥众二万人，来入蒲子，逼胁张外于研子垒。
The Xi Hu Cao Long and Zhang Datou and others from west of the Yellow River led their tribes of 20,000 people, came to Puzhi, and coerced and threatened Zhang Wai at Yanzi castle.