《汉书·志·地理志下》
至于安定、北地、上郡、西河，都靠近戎狄，讲求战备，崇尚气节与力量，以射猎为先进。
及安定、北地、上郡、西河，皆迫近戎狄，修习战备，高上气力，以射猎为先。
Anding, Beidi, Shangjun, and Xihe were all near to the Rong and Di barbarians, so they stressed preparedness for war, and admired bravery, virility, and prowess, with hunting considered the highest, or most esteemed, pursuit.