《隋书·帝纪·卷四》
当时设立官位，分别职守，很少根据才能授给，在朝廷治理人民的人，乃是根据功勋大小依次授用，这些官员无非选拔于军队，来自武夫，学习的道理，既未曾学习，处理政务的方法，因此也无处可取。
设官分职，罕以才授，班朝治人，乃由勋叙，莫非拔足行阵，出自勇夫，斅学之道，既所不习，政事之方，故亦无取。
At that time, when establishing official ranks and assigning duties, [the ruler] rarely bestowed the office based on talents. Those who governed the people in the court were bestowed offices based on the level of their contributions. These officials were all selected from the military, consisting solely of military officers. Since they had not studied the relevant knowledge, their approach to handling state affairs were also unsuitable.