《三国志·蜀书·杜周杜许孟来尹李谯郤》
先主名叫 备 ，字的意思是 具 ，后主名叫 禅 ，意思是 授 ，意思是说刘氏已经具备了，应当授予他人。其中意思比晋穆侯、汉灵帝给儿子取的名字更不详。 
先主讳备，其训具也，后主讳禅，其训授也，如言刘已具矣，当授与人也；意者甚於穆侯、灵帝之名子。 
The first master's name is Bei, which means "to possess". The latter master's name is Chan, which means "to grant". It means that the Liu family has already possessed and should be granted to others.