《列子·杨朱》
耳朵所想听的是悦耳的声音，却听不到，就叫做阻塞耳聪；眼睛所想见的是漂亮的颜色，却看不到，就叫做阻塞目明；鼻子所想闻的是花椒与兰草，却闻不到，就叫做阻塞嗅觉；嘴巴所想说的是谁是谁非，却不能说，就叫做阻塞智慧；身体所想舒服的是美丽与厚实，却得不到，就叫做抑制舒适；意念所想做的是放纵安逸，却做不到，就叫做抑制本性。
夫耳之所欲闻者音声，而不得听，谓之阏聪；目之所欲见者美色，而不得视，谓之阏明；鼻之所欲向者椒兰，而不得嗅，谓之阏颤；口之所欲道者是非，而不得言，谓之阏智；体之所欲安者美厚，而不得从，谓之阏适；意之所欲为者放逸，而不得行，谓之阏性。
What the ears want to hear is pleasant sounds, but they cannot hear them, which is called blocking the ears' intelligence; what the eyes want to see are beautiful colors, but they cannot see them, which is called blocking the eyes' sight; what the nose wants to smell is peppercorn and orchids, but cannot smell them, which is called blocking the sense of smell; what the mouth wants to say is the difference between who is right and who is wrong, but cannot say, which is called blocking wisdom; what the body wants to feel comfortable is beautiful and luxurious, but cannot get it, which is called suppressing comfort; what the mind wants to do is indulge in relaxation, but cannot do it, which is called suppressing nature.