《吕氏春秋·论·不苟论》
楚成王、齐庄公因为不了解自己的过失而被杀，吴王，智伯因为不了解自己的过失而灭亡，宋、中山因为不了解自己的过失而绝国，晋惠公、赵括因为不了解自己的过失而被俘，钻荼、庞涓、太子申因为不了解自己的过失而兵败身死。
荆成、齐庄不自知而杀，吴王、智伯不自知而亡，宋、中山不自知而灭，晋惠公、赵括不自知而虏，钻荼、庞涓、太子申不自知而死，败莫大于不自知。
King Cheng of Chu and Duke Zhuang of Qi were killed because they did not understand their own mistakes; King of Wu and Zhi Bo perished because they did not understand their own mistakes; Song and Zhao were destroyed because they did not understand their own mistakes; Duke Hui of Jin and Zhao Kuo were captured because they did not understand their own mistakes; Juan Tu, Pang Juan, and the Crown Prince Shen all died in battle because they did not understand their own mistakes.