《旧唐书·本纪·卷七》
皇帝每天在武德殿接受朝拜，自称曰予，三品以下官员的任免以及徒刑罪案都让皇帝决断，皇帝处置事情称作制或敕。
皇帝每日受朝于武德殿，自称曰予，三品已下除授及徒罪并令决之，其处分事称制、敕。
Every day, the Emperor received court greetings in the Wude Palace. He referred to himself as "Yu". He made decisions on the dismissal and appointment of those ranked third and below. His decisions were known as "zhi" or "chi".