《资治通鉴·晋纪·晋纪二十三》
前秦王苻坚命令州郡地方官吏分别荐举孝悌、廉直、文学、政事等科目的人才，并且对他们荐举上来的人加以考察，荐举得当者给以奖赏，荐举失当者给以责罚。
秦王坚命牧伯守宰各举孝悌、廉直、文学、政事，察其所举，得人者赏之，非其人者罪之。
Fu Jian, King of Former Qin, ordered local officials at state and county levels to recommend talents in categories such as filial piety and fraternal love, integrity and uprightness, literature, and politics, and he examined the people they recommended. Those who made accurate recommendations were rewarded and those who failed were penalized.