《左传·襄公·襄公十八年》
冬季，十月，鲁襄公和晋平公、宋平公、卫殇公、郑简公、曹成公、莒子、邾子、滕子、薛伯、杞伯、小邾子在鲁国济水上会见，重温湨梁的盟誓，一起进攻齐国。齐灵公在平阴抵御，在防门外挖壕据守，壕沟的长度有一里。
冬十月，会于鲁济，寻湨梁之言，同伐齐。齐侯御诸平阴，堑防门而守之，广里。
In the winter, in the tenth month, Duke Xiang of Lu met at the Ji River in Lu with Duke Ping of Jin, Duke Ping of Song, Duke Shang of Wei, Duke Jian of Zheng, Duke Cheng of Cao, Duke Zi of Ju, Duke Zi of Zhu, Duke Zi of Teng, Earl Bo of Xue, Earl Bo of Qi, and Duke Zi of Xiao Zhu and renewed the covenant of Wei Liang and joined forces to attack Qi. Duke Ling of Qi defended at Pingyin, and dug a trench outside the Fan Gate, which was a mile long.