of course. not all antibiotics cover all bacterial stains. you could have one of the strains not covered by the antibiotic you were taking (you did not mention the name of the medication) or you could have a viral ear infection (no antibiotic works for viruses). additionally not all ear pain is due to an ear infection. there can be other causes.
can you get an ear infection while on antibiotics for something else? . i am taking a strong oral antibiotic for strep and antibiotic eye drops for an eye infection for 6 days. on day 5 severe ear pain started in one ear. i cannot chew yawn or bite.