In-vitro tribological study and submodeling finite element technique in analyzing wear of zirconia toughened alumina against alumina with bio-lubricants for hip implants.Tribological study of zirconia toughened alumina against alumina is investigated using ball-on-disk tribometer with different bio-lubricants. 
ball-on-disk tribometer
Using submodeling finite element approach, cumulative linear and volumetric wear is estimated with the help of contact pressure. 
submodeling finite element approach