Stellate Plasmonic Exosomes for Penetrative Targeting Tumor NIR-II Thermo-Radiotherapy.Multifunctional gold (Au)-based nanomaterials with high atomic number (symbol Z) and strong absorbance in the second near-infrared window (NIR-II) property are emerging as promising candidates for tumor thermo-radiotherapy.  In this study, we present a novel type of tumor cell-derived stellate plasmonic exosomes (TDSP-Exos) for penetrative targeted tumor NIR-II thermo-radiotherapy and photoacoustic imaging.  Compared with bare gold nanostars, the TDSP-Exos exhibit pronounced accumulation in deep tumor tissues and perform well in both PA imaging and NIR-II thermo-radiotherapy against the tumor.  Moreover, the TDSP-Exos improve tumor hypoxia to enhanced radiotherapy by NIR-II photothermal therapy.  This work indicates that the tumor cell-derived exosomes have the potential to function as a universal carrier of photothermal agents for targeted tumor NIR-II thermo-radiotherapy.
THERM