Transmission electron microscopy, fluorescence, and Raman spectroscopy are used to evaluate the biodegradation of GQDs. 
Transmission electron microscopy
Transmission electron microscopy, fluorescence, and Raman spectroscopy are used to evaluate the biodegradation of GQDs. 
fluorescence
Transmission electron microscopy, fluorescence, and Raman spectroscopy are used to evaluate the biodegradation of GQDs. 
Raman spectroscopy
Molecular dynamics simulations show intimate interactions between the enzymes and the GQDs. 
molecular dynamics simulations