The composition of TLEO was determined by GC‒MS.  The GC‒MS analysis revealed that 53 compounds (> 0.01%) represented 99.76% of the TLEO, and the majority of them were esters. 
GC‒MS
A variety of tests were carried out, including biochemical assays, ELISA, RT‒PCR, and western blotting.  According to the RT‒PCR, ELISA, and Western blot results, TLEO decreased inflammation by inhibiting the expression of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and key proteins (IκBα, NF-кB p65, p50, JNK, and p38 MAPK) in MAPK-NF-кB signaling. 
ELISA
A variety of tests were carried out, including biochemical assays, ELISA, RT‒PCR, and western blotting.  According to the RT‒PCR, ELISA, and Western blot results, TLEO decreased inflammation by inhibiting the expression of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and key proteins (IκBα, NF-кB p65, p50, JNK, and p38 MAPK) in MAPK-NF-кB signaling. 
RT‒PCR
A variety of tests were carried out, including biochemical assays, ELISA, RT‒PCR, and western blotting. 
Western blotting
Docking of components was performed to predict potential ligands.


 Molecular docking results showed that all of the components (> 1% in TLEO) were potent candidate ligands for further research.



Docking