Following treatment with quercetin, cell viability was assessed via the MTT assay. 
MTT assay
Apoptotic and necrotic cells, mitochondrial transmembrane potential and caspase-3/7 activity were analyzed via flow cytometric analyses. 
flow cytometric analyses
A caspase-3 activity assay kit was used to detect the expression of caspase-3 activity. 
caspase-3 activity assay kit
Western blot analysis was performed to examine the expression levels of proteins associated with the MAPKs, AMPKα, GSK3-α/β and caspase-related signaling pathways. 
Western blot analysis