Leaf thermotolerance in tropical trees from a seasonally dry climate varies along the slow-fast resource acquisition spectrum.Knowledge of the upper limits of temperature tolerance is essential to understand how tropical trees will respond to global warming.  We quantified leaf thermotolerance in 41 tree species growing in a seasonally dry tropical region of the Indian subcontinent to examine: (1) differences between evergreen and deciduous species; (2) relationships with leaf mass per area (LMA) and leaf size; and, (3) seasonal variation in thermotolerance.  Thermotolerance ranged from 45.5 °C to 50.5 °C among species, was higher for evergreen than deciduous species, and was negatively related to a continuous estimate of deciduousness.  Species with higher LMA had higher thermotolerance, but we did not detect any relationship between leaf size and thermotolerance.  Seasonal changes in thermotolerance varied among species implying that species' capacity to acclimate may differ.  Thermal safety margins, the difference between thermotolerance and maximum habitat temperatures indicate that most species may be highly vulnerable to future warming. 
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