Within a population-based study (EPIPorto), a total of 1063 individuals aged ≥45 years (38% male, 61.2 ± 9.6 years) were evaluated. 
EPIPorto
Insulin resistance was assessed using the Homeostasis Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) score.



Homeostasis Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR)
Diastolic function was assessed by echocardiography, using tissue Doppler analysis (E' velocity and E/E' ratio) according to the latest consensus guidelines. 
tissue Doppler analysis
Diastolic function was assessed by echocardiography, using tissue Doppler analysis (E' velocity and E/E' ratio) according to the latest consensus guidelines. 
echocardiography