ACE: an efficient and sensitive tool to detect insecticide resistance-associated mutations in insect acetylcholinesterase from RNA-Seq data.BACKGROUND
 Acetylcholinesterases (Ace) is the neural target of the widely used organophosphate (OP) and carbamate insecticides.  A computational pipeline ACE was developed to detect resistance mutations of ace in insect RNA-Seq data.  Known ace resistance mutations were collected and used as a reference.  We constructed a Web server for ACE, and the standalone software in both Linux and Windows versions is available for download.  ACE was used to analyse 971 RNA-Seq data from 136 studies in 7 insect pests.  All ace reads in the 30 B. tabaci RNA-Seq data were resistant reads, suggesting that insecticide resistance has spread to very high frequency in B. tabaci.


 To the best of our knowledge, the ACE pipeline is the first tool to detect resistance mutations from RNA-Seq data, and it facilitates the full utilization of large-scale genetic data obtained by using next-generation sequencing.
ACE