Longitudinal alterations to brain function, structure, and cognitive performance in healthy older adults: A fMRI-DTI study.Cross-sectional research has shown that older adults tend to have different frontal cortex activation patterns, poorer brain structure, and lower task performance than younger adults.  Here we present the results of a longitudinal, combined fMRI-DTI study in cognitive normal (CN) older adults.  A two time-point study was conducted in which participants completed a task switching paradigm while fMRI data was collected and underwent the identical scanning protocol an average of 3.3 years later (SD=2 months).  We observed longitudinal fMRI activation increases in bilateral regions of lateral frontal cortex at time point 2.  These fMRI activation increases were associated with longitudinal declines in WM microstructure in a portion of the corpus callosum connecting the increasingly recruited frontal regions.  In addition, the fMRI activation increase in the left VLPFC was associated with longitudinal increases in response latencies. 
fMRI
Longitudinal alterations to brain function, structure, and cognitive performance in healthy older adults: A fMRI-DTI study.Cross-sectional research has shown that older adults tend to have different frontal cortex activation patterns, poorer brain structure, and lower task performance than younger adults.  Here we present the results of a longitudinal, combined fMRI-DTI study in cognitive normal (CN) older adults. 
DTI