<blockquote>
  <p>But do we see any of the central bulge?</p>
</blockquote>

<p>With the naked eye and a dark sky, the galactic center is brighter than other areas of the galactic plane.  Some of the light from that region does make it to earth to make that direction identifiable. </p>

<p>If you look at the ESO night sky composite from Brunier and Tapissier (which is approximately what someone could see with the naked eye given dark skies and good viewing), you can see that while the galactic center is brighter, other directions along the plane seem fairly similar.  That makes it very difficult to say what fraction of scattered glow is coming from one arm or another.  It all just blends together.</p>

<p><a href="https://i.sstatic.net/VtiqH.jpg" rel="nofollow noreferrer"><img src="https://i.sstatic.net/VtiqH.jpg" alt="ESO0932 Milky Way Galaxy"></a>
<a href="https://www.eso.org/public/news/eso0932/" rel="nofollow noreferrer">https://www.eso.org/public/news/eso0932/</a></p>

<blockquote>
  <p>If all we can see are stars in our galaxy that are relatively close to us, then the Milky Way should look relatively uniform, right?</p>
</blockquote>

<p>Not necessarily.  The visible part of the galaxy is relatively thin.  It doesn't have a fixed distance, but a commonly quoted one is 1000ly.  That means that even if light were magically cut off at 3000ly or so, it could appear non-uniform.</p>

CC BY-SA 3.0
2017-10-25T15:05:13.880Z
Most of the populated world never has skies that dark anymore: http://darksitefinder.com/maps/world.html
Wayfaring Stranger
CC BY-SA 3.0
2017-09-09T05:55:57.260Z
2017-09-09T05:55:57.260Z
BowlOfRed
<p>So, to sum up, the answer to my question is that on a clear night, in the right position, with the naked eye you can see the central bulge of the Milky Way galaxy, even though it's up to 26,000 light years from Earth.  You can't identify the particular spiral arm that you are seeing, in any direction, as such.  But you can locate, at least with a telescope if not the naked eye, objects that are in our Orion Spur, the Sagittarius Arm, and the Perseus Arm in the other direction.</p>

<p><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rcQiLAktC-M" rel="nofollow noreferrer">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rcQiLAktC-M</a></p>

CC BY-SA 3.0
2017-09-24T21:07:59.963Z
2017-09-25T14:34:16.203Z
2017-09-25T14:34:16.203Z
Launce
<p>The Universe Today has a great video on just this topic:</p>

<p><a href="https://www.universetoday.com/115203/what-part-of-the-milky-way-can-we-see/" rel="nofollow noreferrer">https://www.universetoday.com/115203/what-part-of-the-milky-way-can-we-see/</a></p>

<p>EDIT to clarify:<br>
If you look in the direction of the constellation Sagittarius, you're looking towards the center of the Milky Way Galaxy. You're correct that we can't see all the way to the center because of obscuring dust. Since we're looking out from inside one of the spiral arms, we can only see about 1500 light-years, which amounts to roughly 1.5 - 2% of the Galaxy's diameter.
<a href="https://i.sstatic.net/CzMXg.jpg" rel="nofollow noreferrer"><img src="https://i.sstatic.net/CzMXg.jpg" alt="enter image description here"></a></p>

CC BY-SA 3.0
2017-09-07T01:25:54.010Z
Link-only answers are frowned upon, in particular because the linked page may disappear at any time. While providing links is good, an answer should stand on its own. See https://meta.stackexchange.com/questions/8231/are-answers-that-just-contain-links-elsewhere-really-good-answers for more.
chirlu
CC BY-SA 3.0
2017-09-07T23:53:34.520Z
After viewing both those resources, I guess I'm still confused.  If all we can see are stars in our galaxy that are relatively close to us, then the Milky Way should look relatively uniform, right?  It should make no difference whether you look toward or away from the galactic center.  But it isn't uniform.  Is the distribution of stars within our viewing range of 3000 light years (as noted above) uniform, or are there local anomalies?  EDIT - In fact, the waitbutwhy graphic suggests, if anything, that we should see a bulge when we look AWAY from the center of the galaxy.
Launce
CC BY-SA 3.0
2017-09-08T01:18:26.813Z
I did read that through dust-free areas like "Baade's Window," with a telescope, you can view objects 25,000 light years away, in the galactic bulge.  But that still doesn't explain why, even outside that window, galactic center looks a lot brighter and wider than the other direction.  Seems like we must be seeing considerably farther than 1500-3000 light years.
Launce
CC BY-SA 3.0
2017-09-07T00:10:03.393Z
2017-09-07T01:39:53.943Z
2017-09-07T01:39:53.943Z
Jim421616
<p>I know we can't see the center.  But do we see any of the central bulge?  Are we just seeing nearby stars in the Orion Spur where we are?  In the Sagittarius Arm?  In the other direction, are we seeing any of the arms further out from ours?  Where are the dust clouds we see, in relation to these arms?</p>

CC BY-SA 3.0
2017-09-07T09:06:31.767Z
Errr, it depends where you are standing at what time of year and at what time. However, a typical optical extinction length in the galactic plane is around 3000 light years. So, not to the bulge.
ProfRob
CC BY-SA 3.0
2017-09-07T23:46:00.127Z
But we do see a bulge, of sorts.  Is that just a local bulge in the Orion Spur or on the Sagittarius Arm that just happens to be between the Sun and the galactic center?
Launce
CC BY-SA 3.0
2017-10-31T13:35:21.310Z
@RobJeffries -- you *can* see parts of the bulge (Baade's Window being a particularly low-extinction sightline).
Peter Erwin
<milky-way>
What specific parts of the Milky Way do we see when we look up?
Launce
# What specific parts of the Milky Way do we see when we look up?

(Asked by: username_0 on 2017-09-07)

I know we can't see the center. But do we see any of the central bulge? Are we just seeing nearby stars in the Orion Spur where we are? In the Sagittarius Arm? In the other direction, are we seeing any of the arms further out from ours? Where are the dust clouds we see, in relation to these arms?

**Tags:** milky-way
> **Comments:**
> **username_1**: Errr, it depends where you are standing at what time of year and at what time. However, a typical optical extinction length in the galactic plane is around 3000 light years. So, not to the bulge.  
> **username_0**: But we do see a bulge, of sorts.  Is that just a local bulge in the Orion Spur or on the Sagittarius Arm that just happens to be between the Sun and the galactic center?  
> **username_2**: @RobJeffries -- you *can* see parts of the bulge (Baade's Window being a particularly low-extinction sightline).  

---

## 3 answers

### Answer by username_3 on 2017-09-09. Score: 3

> But do we see any of the central bulge?

With the naked eye and a dark sky, the galactic center is brighter than other areas of the galactic plane. Some of the light from that region does make it to earth to make that direction identifiable.

If you look at the ESO night sky composite from Brunier and Tapissier (which is approximately what someone could see with the naked eye given dark skies and good viewing), you can see that while the galactic center is brighter, other directions along the plane seem fairly similar. That makes it very difficult to say what fraction of scattered glow is coming from one arm or another. It all just blends together.

[![ESO0932 Milky Way Galaxy](https://i.sstatic.net/VtiqH.jpg)](https://i.sstatic.net/VtiqH.jpg)
<https://www.eso.org/public/news/eso0932/>

> If all we can see are stars in our galaxy that are relatively close to us, then the Milky Way should look relatively uniform, right?

Not necessarily. The visible part of the galaxy is relatively thin. It doesn't have a fixed distance, but a commonly quoted one is 1000ly. That means that even if light were magically cut off at 3000ly or so, it could appear non-uniform.

> **Comments:**
> **username_4**: Most of the populated world never has skies that dark anymore: http://darksitefinder.com/maps/world.html  

---

### Answer by username_0 on 2017-09-24. Score: 1

So, to sum up, the answer to my question is that on a clear night, in the right position, with the naked eye you can see the central bulge of the Milky Way galaxy, even though it's up to 26,000 light years from Earth. You can't identify the particular spiral arm that you are seeing, in any direction, as such. But you can locate, at least with a telescope if not the naked eye, objects that are in our Orion Spur, the Sagittarius Arm, and the Perseus Arm in the other direction.

<https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rcQiLAktC-M>


---

### Answer by username_5 on 2017-09-07. Score: 0

The Universe Today has a great video on just this topic:

<https://www.universetoday.com/115203/what-part-of-the-milky-way-can-we-see/>

EDIT to clarify:  
If you look in the direction of the constellation Sagittarius, you're looking towards the center of the Milky Way Galaxy. You're correct that we can't see all the way to the center because of obscuring dust. Since we're looking out from inside one of the spiral arms, we can only see about 1500 light-years, which amounts to roughly 1.5 - 2% of the Galaxy's diameter.
[![enter image description here](https://i.sstatic.net/CzMXg.jpg)](https://i.sstatic.net/CzMXg.jpg)

> **Comments:**
> **username_6**: Link-only answers are frowned upon, in particular because the linked page may disappear at any time. While providing links is good, an answer should stand on its own. See https://meta.stackexchange.com/questions/8231/are-answers-that-just-contain-links-elsewhere-really-good-answers for more.  
> **username_0**: After viewing both those resources, I guess I'm still confused.  If all we can see are stars in our galaxy that are relatively close to us, then the Milky Way should look relatively uniform, right?  It should make no difference whether you look toward or away from the galactic center.  But it isn't uniform.  Is the distribution of stars within our viewing range of 3000 light years (as noted above) uniform, or are there local anomalies?  EDIT - In fact, the waitbutwhy graphic suggests, if anything, that we should see a bulge when we look AWAY from the center of the galaxy.  
> **username_0**: I did read that through dust-free areas like "Baade's Window," with a telescope, you can view objects 25,000 light years away, in the galactic bulge.  But that still doesn't explain why, even outside that window, galactic center looks a lot brighter and wider than the other direction.  Seems like we must be seeing considerably farther than 1500-3000 light years.  

---

