<p>The paragraph you quote continues...</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>The images from SQUEEZE and MiRa have very similar characteristics and are shown in Fig. 1 (see also the Image Reconstruction section in Methods)</p>
</blockquote>

<p>In that section various tests are described including the reconstruction of simulated data, with similar interferometric coverage and signal to noise, from spotted and spotless (uniform) stars with limb darkening.</p>

CC BY-SA 4.0
2020-02-02T15:22:53.807Z
Okay, I see that now. It's well but densely written and my eyes glazed over the first time through, but I've got the idea now. For this particular paper a featureless star wasn't also imaged, but they did a fairly exhaustive computational study to verify and compare the two methods.
uhoh
CC BY-SA 4.0
2020-02-02T14:50:06.980Z
2020-02-02T14:50:06.980Z
ProfRob
<p><a href="https://astronomy.stackexchange.com/a/34917/7982">@RobJeffries' answer</a> to <em>What is this web on the surface of the Sun?</em> explains why convection cells on some other stars can be far larger than they are on our Sun and includes a near-infrared VLT interferometric image of π¹ Gru from <a href="https://www.eso.org/public/archives/releases/sciencepapers/eso1741/eso1741a.pdf" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Paladini et al. 2017</a> as an example. </p>

<p>The paper says:</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>For this purpose, we use the image reconstruction software SQUEEZE<sup>14</sup>, based on a Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) approach to the regularized maximum likelihood problem. To assess the reliability of the image we also use a different image reconstruction algorithm, MiRa<sup>15</sup>.</p>
</blockquote>

<p>Of course it's likely that the reconstruction is correct, but I'm still wondering how the possibility that the non-uniformities have arisen through some combination of instrumental and algorithmic effects have been minimized.</p>

<p><strong>Question:</strong> How do they know the non-uniformities seen on the disk of π¹ Gru are real and not artifacts? For example, are there similarly generated images of stellar disks of similar angular sizes not expected to have such large convection cells that show more uniform disks? </p>

<p><a href="https://i.sstatic.net/Z34oA.jpg" rel="nofollow noreferrer"><img src="https://i.sstatic.net/Z34oAm.jpg" alt="near-infrared VLT interferometric image of π¹ Gru"></a> click for full size</p>

CC BY-SA 4.0
2020-02-02T01:27:27.157Z
@astrosnapper Thanks, I added the link as well, I think it's right now?
uhoh
<observational-astronomy><interferometry><algorithm><very-large-telescope>
How do they know the non-uniformities seen on the disk of π¹ Gru are real and not artifacts?
uhoh
# How do they know the non-uniformities seen on the disk of π¹ Gru are real and not artifacts?

(Asked by: username_0 on 2020-02-01)

[@RobJeffries' answer](https://astronomy.stackexchange.com/a/34917/7982) to *What is this web on the surface of the Sun?* explains why convection cells on some other stars can be far larger than they are on our Sun and includes a near-infrared VLT interferometric image of π¹ Gru from [Paladini et al. 2017](https://www.eso.org/public/archives/releases/sciencepapers/eso1741/eso1741a.pdf) as an example.

The paper says:

> For this purpose, we use the image reconstruction software SQUEEZE14, based on a Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) approach to the regularized maximum likelihood problem. To assess the reliability of the image we also use a different image reconstruction algorithm, MiRa15.

Of course it's likely that the reconstruction is correct, but I'm still wondering how the possibility that the non-uniformities have arisen through some combination of instrumental and algorithmic effects have been minimized.

**Question:** How do they know the non-uniformities seen on the disk of π¹ Gru are real and not artifacts? For example, are there similarly generated images of stellar disks of similar angular sizes not expected to have such large convection cells that show more uniform disks?

[![near-infrared VLT interferometric image of π¹ Gru](https://i.sstatic.net/Z34oAm.jpg)](https://i.sstatic.net/Z34oA.jpg) click for full size

**Tags:** observational-astronomy, interferometry, algorithm, very-large-telescope
> **Comments:**
> **username_0**: @astrosnapper Thanks, I added the link as well, I think it's right now?  

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## 1 answers

### Answer by username_1 on 2020-02-02. Score: 1 | Accepted answer

The paragraph you quote continues...

> The images from SQUEEZE and MiRa have very similar characteristics and are shown in Fig. 1 (see also the Image Reconstruction section in Methods)

In that section various tests are described including the reconstruction of simulated data, with similar interferometric coverage and signal to noise, from spotted and spotless (uniform) stars with limb darkening.

> **Comments:**
> **username_0**: Okay, I see that now. It's well but densely written and my eyes glazed over the first time through, but I've got the idea now. For this particular paper a featureless star wasn't also imaged, but they did a fairly exhaustive computational study to verify and compare the two methods.  

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