<h2>Results of the suggestions in comments and answers</h2>
<p>Following are the results, coming from the great answers received on this page. I post them here in case it can helps further readers in achieving good results.</p>
<blockquote>
<p>Note: when two numbers are indicated, the first is for the first layer, and the second for the rest of the piece. (e.g. 250 ºC / 230 ºC)</p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote>
<p>If you want to see the result, go now directly to the bottom of the answer :-)</p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote>
<p>Note2: Pictures are taken from the <strong>worse</strong> side. In some cases, other sides are much better.</p>
</blockquote>
<p>First try:</p>
<ul>
<li>Nozzle temperature: 250 ºC / 240 ºC</li>
<li>Platform temperature: 100 ºC</li>
<li>Chamber temperature: 70 ºC</li>
<li>Speed: 60 mm/s</li>
<li>Fan: 0% / 50%</li>
</ul>
<p><a href="https://i.sstatic.net/kT6wtm.png" rel="nofollow noreferrer"><img src="https://i.sstatic.net/kT6wtm.png" alt="enter image description here" /></a></p>
<p>Second try:</p>
<ul>
<li>Nozzle temperature: 250 ºC / 240 ºC</li>
<li>Platform temperature: 100 ºC</li>
<li>Chamber temperature: 70 ºC</li>
<li><strong>Speed: 20s / layer</strong></li>
<li>Fan: 0% / 50%</li>
</ul>
<p><a href="https://i.sstatic.net/CHxA5m.png" rel="nofollow noreferrer"><img src="https://i.sstatic.net/CHxA5m.png" alt="enter image description here" /></a></p>
<p>Third try:</p>
<ul>
<li>Nozzle temperature: 250 ºC / 240 ºC</li>
<li>Platform temperature: 100 ºC</li>
<li>Chamber temperature: 70 ºC</li>
<li>Speed: 20s / layer</li>
<li>Fan: 0% / <strong>100%</strong></li>
<li><strong>95% flow</strong></li>
</ul>
<p><a href="https://i.sstatic.net/oiixVm.png" rel="nofollow noreferrer"><img src="https://i.sstatic.net/oiixVm.png" alt="enter image description here" /></a></p>
<p>Forth try:</p>
<ul>
<li>Nozzle temperature: <strong>245 ºC / 230 ºC</strong></li>
<li>Platform temperature: 100 ºC</li>
<li>Chamber temperature: <strong>50 ºC</strong></li>
<li>Speed: 20s / layer</li>
<li>Fan: 0% / 100%</li>
<li>95% flow</li>
</ul>
<p><a href="https://i.sstatic.net/jaTlXm.png" rel="nofollow noreferrer"><img src="https://i.sstatic.net/jaTlXm.png" alt="enter image description here" /></a></p>
<p>Fifth try (succeed):</p>
<ul>
<li>Nozzle temperature: <strong>245 ºC / 225 ºC</strong></li>
<li>Platform temperature: 100 ºC</li>
<li>Chamber temperature: <strong>40 ºC</strong></li>
<li>Speed: 20s / layer</li>
<li><strong>Fan: 0% / 200%</strong> (I added an additional fan)</li>
<li>95% flow</li>
</ul>
<p><a href="https://i.sstatic.net/tIQffm.png" rel="nofollow noreferrer"><img src="https://i.sstatic.net/tIQffm.png" alt="enter image description here" /></a></p>
<p><strong>My current settings:</strong> (in case it helps)</p>
<p>At the end, I opted for the following setup, which seems to adapt better to all kind of shapes:</p>
<ul>
<li>Nozzle temperature: 250 ºC / 250 ºC <em>(slighty higher temperature help adhesion between layers and give better piece resistance)</em></li>
<li>Platform temperature: 100 ºC / 80 ºC <em>(80 ºC I had some piece deformation over 85 ºC, especially big pieces)</em></li>
<li>Chamber temperature: 50 ºC</li>
<li>Speed: 40 mm/s, or even 30 mm/s <em>(Help adhesion and good precision)</em></li>
<li>Fan: 0% / 200% <em>(I added an additional fan, helps avoid deformation in corners, as described in the question)</em></li>
<li>Scale the piece 100.5% <em>(ABS shrink)</em></li>
<li>Minimum layer time: 20s <em>(For small pieces, this allows each layer to cool enough)</em></li>
<li>Build Plate Adhesion: Brim</li>
<li>100% flow</li>
</ul>
<h2>Conclusions:</h2>
<ul>
<li><p><strong>The solution is to cool each layer as much as possible and as soon as possible, BUT avoiding warping.</strong></p>
</li>
<li><p><strong>Use a very strong adhesion to avoid the warping, allowing a better cooling of each layer.</strong> In my case I started to use a cheap and strong hairspray (which works surprisingly well).</p>
</li>
<li><p>Using chamber temperature over 50 ºC make it more difficult to cool each layer quickly, thus, it is not recommended.</p>
</li>
<li><p>Using ventilation is a must.</p>
</li>
<li><p>Different configuration for first layer and consecutive layers helps.</p>
</li>
</ul>

CC BY-SA 4.0
2020-08-10T09:51:05.210Z
Is the fan speed based on layer time? what are the settings? 0%/200% is unclear
FarO
CC BY-SA 4.0
2020-08-17T07:31:44.530Z
0% is for the first layer, and 200% (full speed of both fan) for the 2nd and further layers.
Adrian Maire
CC BY-SA 4.0
2020-08-09T07:31:22.937Z
2020-09-13T09:55:51.880Z
2020-09-13T09:55:51.880Z
Adrian Maire
<p>We usually stick the masking tape on the printer's bottom plate, so that the model is formed on the side of the masking tape which without glue, which looks good.
When there is no masking tape, we sometimes manually adjust the height of the bottom plate to make the nozzle appress to the bottom plate when printing the first layer. At this time, the melted material can hardly flow out. The strong pressure will adhere the material tightly to the bottom plate, which can effectively solve this problem. However, this may damage the extruder motor.</p>

CC BY-SA 4.0
2020-08-11T16:14:55.667Z
2020-08-11T16:14:55.667Z
gailulun
<p>The up-curling of overhangs is frequently seen when printing PLA or PETG when the just deposited layer hasn't been cooled enough. The residual heat will allow the curling as the plastic has not been fully set (above the so called glass temperature) because of insufficient part cooling.</p>
<p>Knowing that ABS doesn't need much cooling (to improve the inter-layer bonding), you most probably will not require full power of the fan (depending on the cooling power of the fan). You do need a little cooling though, but not for the first (few) layer(s), so keep the fan off at the first layer. Be sure it is up to speed at the layer you require the cooling as the first few percentage of the fan is generally not enough to rotate the fan. E.g. my fans start spinning at about 20-25 %.</p>

CC BY-SA 4.0
2020-08-07T09:14:44.933Z
2020-08-07T09:14:44.933Z
0scar
<p>I am printing small mechanical pieces in ABS:</p>
<ul>
<li>100 ºC bed temperature</li>
<li>70 ºC Room temperature</li>
<li>250 ºC nozzle temperature</li>
<li>0.4 mm nozzle, at 0.15 mm per layer.</li>
<li>100.8 % scale to compensate ABS dimensional innacuracy.</li>
</ul>
<p>The first layer is printed correctly, but later, corners warp and first 10 mm get deformed (See images).</p>
<p><a href="https://i.sstatic.net/5QsSPm.jpg" rel="nofollow noreferrer"><img src="https://i.sstatic.net/5QsSPm.jpg" alt="enter image description here" /></a></p>
<p><a href="https://i.sstatic.net/Nsummm.jpg" rel="nofollow noreferrer"><img src="https://i.sstatic.net/Nsummm.jpg" alt="enter image description here" /></a></p>
<p>How do I solve this? Unfortunately, I cannot increase room temperature over 70 ºC</p>
<p>Here is a picture while printing, we can see that the edges get warped even far over the first layer. (Sorry, the picture quality is not so good):</p>
<p><a href="https://i.sstatic.net/dWjCG.jpg" rel="nofollow noreferrer"><img src="https://i.sstatic.net/dWjCG.jpg" alt="enter image description here" /></a></p>

CC BY-SA 4.0
2020-08-06T13:44:19.613Z
Are you using anything to aid bed adhesion?
Andrew Morton
CC BY-SA 4.0
2020-08-06T13:47:51.353Z
No, because the piece seems to stick enough (at least first layers). I will try with some acetone/abs mixture
Adrian Maire
CC BY-SA 4.0
2020-08-06T17:01:29.890Z
A warmer room and enclosing the printer can help, too.
Joel Coehoorn
CC BY-SA 4.0
2020-08-06T17:25:08.873Z
Warmer room than 70 ºC? Supposing that electronic inside could manage it, which temperature do you suggest?
Adrian Maire
CC BY-SA 4.0
2020-08-07T06:06:05.290Z
My ABS printing experience is limited and from a long time ago, but, the up-curling of overhangs is also common for e.g. PETG, it is a part fan cooling problem. What part cooling settings do you use, none, partly or full?
0scar
CC BY-SA 4.0
2020-08-07T07:19:05.093Z
For this print, I set the part-fan to 0 % (trying to increase cool-down time) . Should it be 100 %? 50 %?
Adrian Maire
CC BY-SA 4.0
2020-08-07T08:55:44.760Z
I thought so you weren't using cooling, you should, but not 100 %. You could also look into minimal layer time.
0scar
CC BY-SA 4.0
2020-08-07T21:37:30.193Z
Great report on your several tries, good to see you varied a lot of options. Note that I have learned that because of the heated chamber, you might need more cooling a single fan can provide! Maybe the whole part should be an answer on itself, I'll vote for it, this shows some thorough variation of print parameters and draws conclusions from the research. Please consider moving this to an answer!
0scar
CC BY-SA 4.0
2020-08-08T05:23:46.893Z
Hi, I agree with @0scar, I think your last edit detailing the 5th and successful attempt should be posted as an answer. :-)
Greenonline
<abs><warping>
How to solve ABS deformation at the bottom?
Adrian Maire
# How to solve ABS deformation at the bottom?

(Asked by: username_0 on 2020-08-06)

I am printing small mechanical pieces in ABS:

* 100 ºC bed temperature
* 70 ºC Room temperature
* 250 ºC nozzle temperature
* 0.4 mm nozzle, at 0.15 mm per layer.
* 100.8 % scale to compensate ABS dimensional innacuracy.

The first layer is printed correctly, but later, corners warp and first 10 mm get deformed (See images).

[![enter image description here](https://i.sstatic.net/5QsSPm.jpg)](https://i.sstatic.net/5QsSPm.jpg)

[![enter image description here](https://i.sstatic.net/Nsummm.jpg)](https://i.sstatic.net/Nsummm.jpg)

How do I solve this? Unfortunately, I cannot increase room temperature over 70 ºC

Here is a picture while printing, we can see that the edges get warped even far over the first layer. (Sorry, the picture quality is not so good):

[![enter image description here](https://i.sstatic.net/dWjCG.jpg)](https://i.sstatic.net/dWjCG.jpg)

**Tags:** abs, warping

> **Comments:**
> **username_1**: Are you using anything to aid bed adhesion?  
> **username_0**: No, because the piece seems to stick enough (at least first layers). I will try with some acetone/abs mixture  
> **username_2**: A warmer room and enclosing the printer can help, too.  
> **username_0**: Warmer room than 70 ºC? Supposing that electronic inside could manage it, which temperature do you suggest?  
> **username_3**: My ABS printing experience is limited and from a long time ago, but, the up-curling of overhangs is also common for e.g. PETG, it is a part fan cooling problem. What part cooling settings do you use, none, partly or full?  
> **username_0**: For this print, I set the part-fan to 0 % (trying to increase cool-down time) . Should it be 100 %? 50 %?  
> **username_3**: I thought so you weren't using cooling, you should, but not 100 %. You could also look into minimal layer time.  
> **username_3**: Great report on your several tries, good to see you varied a lot of options. Note that I have learned that because of the heated chamber, you might need more cooling a single fan can provide! Maybe the whole part should be an answer on itself, I'll vote for it, this shows some thorough variation of print parameters and draws conclusions from the research. Please consider moving this to an answer!  
> **username_4**: Hi, I agree with @username_3, I think your last edit detailing the 5th and successful attempt should be posted as an answer. :-)  

---

## 3 answers

### Answer by username_3 on 2020-08-07. Score: 5 | Accepted answer

The up-curling of overhangs is frequently seen when printing PLA or PETG when the just deposited layer hasn't been cooled enough. The residual heat will allow the curling as the plastic has not been fully set (above the so called glass temperature) because of insufficient part cooling.

Knowing that ABS doesn't need much cooling (to improve the inter-layer bonding), you most probably will not require full power of the fan (depending on the cooling power of the fan). You do need a little cooling though, but not for the first (few) layer(s), so keep the fan off at the first layer. Be sure it is up to speed at the layer you require the cooling as the first few percentage of the fan is generally not enough to rotate the fan. E.g. my fans start spinning at about 20-25 %.


---

### Answer by username_0 on 2020-08-09. Score: 1

## Results of the suggestions in comments and answers

Following are the results, coming from the great answers received on this page. I post them here in case it can helps further readers in achieving good results.

> Note: when two numbers are indicated, the first is for the first layer, and the second for the rest of the piece. (e.g. 250 ºC / 230 ºC)

> If you want to see the result, go now directly to the bottom of the answer :-)

> Note2: Pictures are taken from the **worse** side. In some cases, other sides are much better.

First try:

* Nozzle temperature: 250 ºC / 240 ºC
* Platform temperature: 100 ºC
* Chamber temperature: 70 ºC
* Speed: 60 mm/s
* Fan: 0% / 50%

[![enter image description here](https://i.sstatic.net/kT6wtm.png)](https://i.sstatic.net/kT6wtm.png)

Second try:

* Nozzle temperature: 250 ºC / 240 ºC
* Platform temperature: 100 ºC
* Chamber temperature: 70 ºC
* **Speed: 20s / layer**
* Fan: 0% / 50%

[![enter image description here](https://i.sstatic.net/CHxA5m.png)](https://i.sstatic.net/CHxA5m.png)

Third try:

* Nozzle temperature: 250 ºC / 240 ºC
* Platform temperature: 100 ºC
* Chamber temperature: 70 ºC
* Speed: 20s / layer
* Fan: 0% / **100%**
* **95% flow**

[![enter image description here](https://i.sstatic.net/oiixVm.png)](https://i.sstatic.net/oiixVm.png)

Forth try:

* Nozzle temperature: **245 ºC / 230 ºC**
* Platform temperature: 100 ºC
* Chamber temperature: **50 ºC**
* Speed: 20s / layer
* Fan: 0% / 100%
* 95% flow

[![enter image description here](https://i.sstatic.net/jaTlXm.png)](https://i.sstatic.net/jaTlXm.png)

Fifth try (succeed):

* Nozzle temperature: **245 ºC / 225 ºC**
* Platform temperature: 100 ºC
* Chamber temperature: **40 ºC**
* Speed: 20s / layer
* **Fan: 0% / 200%** (I added an additional fan)
* 95% flow

[![enter image description here](https://i.sstatic.net/tIQffm.png)](https://i.sstatic.net/tIQffm.png)

**My current settings:** (in case it helps)

At the end, I opted for the following setup, which seems to adapt better to all kind of shapes:

* Nozzle temperature: 250 ºC / 250 ºC *(slighty higher temperature help adhesion between layers and give better piece resistance)*
* Platform temperature: 100 ºC / 80 ºC *(80 ºC I had some piece deformation over 85 ºC, especially big pieces)*
* Chamber temperature: 50 ºC
* Speed: 40 mm/s, or even 30 mm/s *(Help adhesion and good precision)*
* Fan: 0% / 200% *(I added an additional fan, helps avoid deformation in corners, as described in the question)*
* Scale the piece 100.5% *(ABS shrink)*
* Minimum layer time: 20s *(For small pieces, this allows each layer to cool enough)*
* Build Plate Adhesion: Brim
* 100% flow

## Conclusions:

* **The solution is to cool each layer as much as possible and as soon as possible, BUT avoiding warping.**
* **Use a very strong adhesion to avoid the warping, allowing a better cooling of each layer.** In my case I started to use a cheap and strong hairspray (which works surprisingly well).
* Using chamber temperature over 50 ºC make it more difficult to cool each layer quickly, thus, it is not recommended.
* Using ventilation is a must.
* Different configuration for first layer and consecutive layers helps.

> **Comments:**
> **username_5**: Is the fan speed based on layer time? what are the settings? 0%/200% is unclear  
> **username_0**: 0% is for the first layer, and 200% (full speed of both fan) for the 2nd and further layers.  

---

### Answer by username_6 on 2020-08-11. Score: 0

We usually stick the masking tape on the printer's bottom plate, so that the model is formed on the side of the masking tape which without glue, which looks good.
When there is no masking tape, we sometimes manually adjust the height of the bottom plate to make the nozzle appress to the bottom plate when printing the first layer. At this time, the melted material can hardly flow out. The strong pressure will adhere the material tightly to the bottom plate, which can effectively solve this problem. However, this may damage the extruder motor.


---

