<p>It's difficult to tell from your photo the level of detail required. A scale reference in the form of a metric ruler would be valuable. If, for example, the metallic eye on the gunner is 2 mm diameter, that would be 40 layers of 50 micron grains, allowing for substantial detail.</p>

<p>Consumer level SLS printers, such as the Sinterit Kit, use fifty micron nylon powder and is subject to some shrinking. This implies one can expect slightly smaller than fifty micron detail to appear.</p>

<p>One of our makerspace members purchased an SLS model from Shapeways. The surface is layer-free and one can see the individual granules under magnification. If you required a level of certainty of this detail, consider that you can create a model containing various levels of detail, then commission Shapeways to create it.</p>

<p>It's certain that they use a production level system, but one can inquire of Shapeways of the size of the powder that is used.</p>

CC BY-SA 4.0
2020-02-09T16:34:12.770Z
As I said in the question body, the oval base is 150 mm long. Thank you very much for the idea of creating a test-model.
MechMK1
CC BY-SA 4.0
2020-02-10T09:46:53.907Z
@MechMK1 There is no end-user SLS machine around. The cheapest SLS machine I could find is "please inquire for a price" for new ones and several grand for used ones.
Trish
CC BY-SA 4.0
2020-02-10T10:47:50.970Z
@Trish According to [this website](https://sintratec.com/product/sintratec-kit/), the Sintratec Kit is an SLS 3D Printer that costs 5000€.Sure, it is not cheap, but certainly within the realms of "affordable for enthusiasts".
MechMK1
CC BY-SA 4.0
2020-02-10T11:01:45.417Z
@MechMK1 It's not consumer but industrial grade however. The consumer market is, traditionally speaking, defined by prices at ca. 2000 and less.
Trish
CC BY-SA 4.0
2020-02-10T11:18:25.970Z
@Trish I wasn't aware of specific cutoff points such as 2000€. That's why I also mentioned in my question that SLS printers are currently in the process of becoming more affordable for consumers. It's very well possible that in 5 years, we'll see SLS printers at 2000€. My question was simply what I could expect from such a printer.
MechMK1
CC BY-SA 4.0
2020-02-09T16:29:54.587Z
2020-02-09T16:58:37.383Z
2020-02-09T16:58:37.383Z
fred_dot_u
<h2>Consumer Market?</h2>
<p>While there are no &quot;consumer level&quot; SLS printers on the market currently, the question in itself is very interesting on a scientific level. The pricing edges for the consumer market for 3D printers can be somewhat estimated from the consumer electronics segment. This puts a maximum price tag of about 2000-2500 \$ onto it, comparable to a high-end PC.</p>
<p>Currently<sup>Feb. 2020</sup>, most SLS machines come with 'inquire for price' or with prices of <a href="https://sintratec.com/product/sintratec-kit/" rel="nofollow noreferrer">5000 \$</a> or larger price tags, which indicates they are intended for professional or industrial use. Most SLS printers in consumer hands seem to be phased out older systems from second hand. So while there are for sure tries to get SLS more affordable, it is not there yet.</p>
<h2>Resolution of SLS</h2>
<p>SLS printers have resolutions based on two factors<sup><a href="https://cdn.intechopen.com/pdfs/60707.pdf" rel="nofollow noreferrer">1</a></sup>:</p>
<ul>
<li>grain size</li>
<li>laser diameter</li>
</ul>
<p>Generally speaking, the finer the grain and more focussed the laser, the better the resolution. Current industrial machines - even cheap ones - work with particle sizes between 20 and 80 µm, with the bulk being around 40 to 60 µm<sup><a href="https://aip.scitation.org/doi/pdf/10.1063/1.4918516" rel="nofollow noreferrer">2</a></sup>.</p>
<p>The laser focus point ranges generally in the &quot;tens of µm&quot;<sup><a href="https://cdn.intechopen.com/pdfs/60707.pdf" rel="nofollow noreferrer">1</a></sup>, and is listed with values between 50 and 300 µm for most ceramic powders in that paper.</p>
<h2>Conclusion</h2>
<p>As a rule of thumb, 50 µm seems to be the average nylon spot size, which is very much comparable with resin printers using SLA/mSLA/DLP technology. Details on miniatures are usually in the area of 100-200 µm, so are well achieveable with either.</p>
<h3>Comparison SLS to SLA/mSLA/DLP</h3>
<p>Resin technology has the benefit of being easier accessible with some entry level printes between 200 and 500 \$. Nylon SLS prints do demand a sealant but prints without any supports, Resin does at times need support.</p>
<p>Printing times for DLP/mSLA is not dependant on the ammount of space used, making packing the build surface with as many models as possible benefitial, while SLS, like FDM, works with a moving spot, so the ammount of models increases print time.</p>
<p>Both Technologies work with hazardous material - resin and very fine powders respecively - and demand proper PPE to handle them.</p>

CC BY-SA 4.0
2020-02-10T15:24:05.333Z
Thank you, this answers the question whether or not SLS printers are capable of what I am aiming to do. It's still a long way before I could afford myself such a printer, and resin is a material I dislike working with. I hope in the coming years SLS printers will become more affordable.
MechMK1
CC BY-SA 4.0
2020-02-12T20:01:53.530Z
MechMK1 I just bought a resin printer and the industry has made it very easy to handle and in strength, resins are in the same realm as my FDM ABS parts. I also do a lot of 2 part silicones and urethanes for casting and that stuff is annoying - pouring some 1 part resin in a small vat is so simple.
Krista K
CC BY-SA 4.0
2020-02-10T15:08:33.067Z
2020-02-10T16:13:20.510Z
2020-06-18T08:29:41.667Z
Trish
<p>I'd like to prefix this question with the fact that I know virtually nothing about 3D printers, aside from the general principles of how they work.</p>

<p>I've recently seen that SLS printers have become more affordable, to the point where in a few years they might be a compelling investment. I'm mainly interested in 3D printing miniatures for painting, and as such this one:</p>

<p><a href="https://i.sstatic.net/tQUMO.jpg" rel="nofollow noreferrer"><img src="https://i.sstatic.net/tQUMO.jpg" alt="Warhammer 40k Kustom Boosta-Blasta"></a></p>

<p>For scale, the miniature is about 150&nbsp;mm long. I'm mainly worried about smaller details, such as the faces of the Gunner or Driver. Will a consumer-grade SLS printer be able to print to such level of detail?</p>

CC BY-SA 4.0
2020-02-09T18:25:39.933Z
note that GW is VERY protective of its IP and Trademarks, and very much hates the mere existance of resin printers that can print their stuff. Which is *all of them*. Also Note that SLS is Nylon powder and most definitly not consumer grade; mSLA/SLA/DLP is Resin based and has become very much affordable.
Trish
<print-quality><sls>
What level of detail can be expected from a consumer-grade SLS printer?
MechMK1
# What level of detail can be expected from a consumer-grade SLS printer?

(Asked by: username_0 on 2020-02-09)

I'd like to prefix this question with the fact that I know virtually nothing about 3D printers, aside from the general principles of how they work.

I've recently seen that SLS printers have become more affordable, to the point where in a few years they might be a compelling investment. I'm mainly interested in 3D printing miniatures for painting, and as such this one:

[![Warhammer 40k Kustom Boosta-Blasta](https://i.sstatic.net/tQUMO.jpg)](https://i.sstatic.net/tQUMO.jpg)

For scale, the miniature is about 150 mm long. I'm mainly worried about smaller details, such as the faces of the Gunner or Driver. Will a consumer-grade SLS printer be able to print to such level of detail?

**Tags:** print-quality, sls

> **Comments:**
> **username_1**: note that GW is VERY protective of its IP and Trademarks, and very much hates the mere existance of resin printers that can print their stuff. Which is *all of them*. Also Note that SLS is Nylon powder and most definitly not consumer grade; mSLA/SLA/DLP is Resin based and has become very much affordable.  

---

## 2 answers

### Answer by username_1 on 2020-02-10. Score: 4 | Accepted answer

## Consumer Market?

While there are no "consumer level" SLS printers on the market currently, the question in itself is very interesting on a scientific level. The pricing edges for the consumer market for 3D printers can be somewhat estimated from the consumer electronics segment. This puts a maximum price tag of about 2000-2500 \$ onto it, comparable to a high-end PC.

CurrentlyFeb. 2020, most SLS machines come with 'inquire for price' or with prices of [5000 \$](https://sintratec.com/product/sintratec-kit/) or larger price tags, which indicates they are intended for professional or industrial use. Most SLS printers in consumer hands seem to be phased out older systems from second hand. So while there are for sure tries to get SLS more affordable, it is not there yet.

## Resolution of SLS

SLS printers have resolutions based on two factors[1](https://cdn.intechopen.com/pdfs/60707.pdf):

* grain size
* laser diameter

Generally speaking, the finer the grain and more focussed the laser, the better the resolution. Current industrial machines - even cheap ones - work with particle sizes between 20 and 80 µm, with the bulk being around 40 to 60 µm[2](https://aip.scitation.org/doi/pdf/10.1063/1.4918516).

The laser focus point ranges generally in the "tens of µm"[1](https://cdn.intechopen.com/pdfs/60707.pdf), and is listed with values between 50 and 300 µm for most ceramic powders in that paper.

## Conclusion

As a rule of thumb, 50 µm seems to be the average nylon spot size, which is very much comparable with resin printers using SLA/mSLA/DLP technology. Details on miniatures are usually in the area of 100-200 µm, so are well achieveable with either.

### Comparison SLS to SLA/mSLA/DLP

Resin technology has the benefit of being easier accessible with some entry level printes between 200 and 500 \$. Nylon SLS prints do demand a sealant but prints without any supports, Resin does at times need support.

Printing times for DLP/mSLA is not dependant on the ammount of space used, making packing the build surface with as many models as possible benefitial, while SLS, like FDM, works with a moving spot, so the ammount of models increases print time.

Both Technologies work with hazardous material - resin and very fine powders respecively - and demand proper PPE to handle them.

> **Comments:**
> **username_0**: Thank you, this answers the question whether or not SLS printers are capable of what I am aiming to do. It's still a long way before I could afford myself such a printer, and resin is a material I dislike working with. I hope in the coming years SLS printers will become more affordable.  
> **username_3**: username_0 I just bought a resin printer and the industry has made it very easy to handle and in strength, resins are in the same realm as my FDM ABS parts. I also do a lot of 2 part silicones and urethanes for casting and that stuff is annoying - pouring some 1 part resin in a small vat is so simple.  

---

### Answer by username_2 on 2020-02-09. Score: 3

It's difficult to tell from your photo the level of detail required. A scale reference in the form of a metric ruler would be valuable. If, for example, the metallic eye on the gunner is 2 mm diameter, that would be 40 layers of 50 micron grains, allowing for substantial detail.

Consumer level SLS printers, such as the Sinterit Kit, use fifty micron nylon powder and is subject to some shrinking. This implies one can expect slightly smaller than fifty micron detail to appear.

One of our makerspace members purchased an SLS model from Shapeways. The surface is layer-free and one can see the individual granules under magnification. If you required a level of certainty of this detail, consider that you can create a model containing various levels of detail, then commission Shapeways to create it.

It's certain that they use a production level system, but one can inquire of Shapeways of the size of the powder that is used.

> **Comments:**
> **username_0**: As I said in the question body, the oval base is 150 mm long. Thank you very much for the idea of creating a test-model.  
> **username_1**: @username_0 There is no end-user SLS machine around. The cheapest SLS machine I could find is "please inquire for a price" for new ones and several grand for used ones.  
> **username_0**: @username_1 According to [this website](https://sintratec.com/product/sintratec-kit/), the Sintratec Kit is an SLS 3D Printer that costs 5000€.Sure, it is not cheap, but certainly within the realms of "affordable for enthusiasts".  
> **username_1**: @username_0 It's not consumer but industrial grade however. The consumer market is, traditionally speaking, defined by prices at ca. 2000 and less.  
> **username_0**: @username_1 I wasn't aware of specific cutoff points such as 2000€. That's why I also mentioned in my question that SLS printers are currently in the process of becoming more affordable for consumers. It's very well possible that in 5 years, we'll see SLS printers at 2000€. My question was simply what I could expect from such a printer.  

---

