Answers.Body: <p>Let me start from top to bottom:</p>
  
  <blockquote>
    <p>It is important to play e4 or d4 to 'control the center'. Myth or reality?</p>
  </blockquote>
  
  <p>Myth. </p>
  
  <blockquote>
    <p>Well, there are two premises in the question itself: 1) That e4 or d4 'controls the center'.</p>
  </blockquote>
  
  <p>When you play <code>1.e4/d4</code> you <strong>do not</strong> control the center, you <strong>physically occupy it</strong>.</p>
  
  <p>To control the center, you will need <strong>more than a single pawn move</strong>-you need certain amount of developed pieces <strong>coordinated to control certain central squares</strong>.</p>
  
  <p><code>1.e4/d4</code> simply <strong>fights for the center</strong>, you can not control it with just one pawn move-wish if it was that easy :)</p>
  
  <p>Most importantly-you <strong>can not</strong> control anything unless <strong>your opponent allows you to</strong>-you can only <strong>fight for it</strong>.</p>
  
  <blockquote>
    <p>Well, there are two premises in the question itself: ... 2) That 'Controlling the center'is something important.</p>
  </blockquote>
  
  <p>It <strong>is of utmost importance</strong> in the opening, as it allows you to completely control the game development. Controlling the center allows you to orient your actions towards the wings <strong>without worrying that your opponent can counter-strike in the center</strong>-thus usually refuting your plan or at least getting the equal play.</p>
  
  <p>Also, you can open or close the game <strong>when you seem fit</strong> which usually can decide the game to your favor-not to mention <strong>the speed</strong> which your pieces get when <strong>centralized</strong>, since they can reach <strong>any part of the board in relatively equal amount of moves</strong>, contrary to the pieces posted at the wing.If we have a knight on d4, he can reach both wings at relatively equal amount of moves, but if it is posted on h3 then he needs a lot of moves to reach queen side which sometimes proves fatal.</p>
  
  <p>Also, controlling the center <strong>hinders the activity and coordination</strong> of the opponents pieces-which enables you to start preparing for an attack or at least to create some serious weaknesses in their position.</p>
  
  <p>In short-controlling the center is of <strong>paramount importance</strong> from the start to the end of the game-just remember that controlling is <strong>not the same</strong> as occupying the center.</p>
  
  <p>To be honest, I haven't seen the opening that <strong>controls</strong> the center-all the modern openings either:</p>
  
  <ol>
  <li><p>Fight for it. </p></li>
  <li><p>Divide the control-E.G. White controls d5 and e4 and Black controls d4 and e5, usually by blocking the center, or by exchanging central pawns.</p></li>
  <li><p>One side "surrenders the center" giving the opponent space advantage, but in return gets huge pressure against that center from the sides or from the distance ( usually light pieces perform the pressure ).</p></li>
  </ol>
  
  <blockquote>
    <p>It appears to me that 'controlling the center' is the least of the benefits of a move like e4 or d4. The fact is that it becomes mandatory to play e4 or d4 if you want to develop both bishops along their long diagonals(c1-h6 diagonal or a6-f1 diagonal). This seems to be the most important benefit of e4/d4 IMO and not 'controlling the center'.</p>
  </blockquote>
  
  <p>You are almost there-the point of <code>e4/d4</code> is to decide <strong>how will you fight for the center</strong> which will directly decide <strong>what type of pace</strong> will that fight take. Since <code>e4</code> gives free development of the pieces-but <code>e4</code> pawn has no initial support-the emphasis in this types of positions is on <strong>speed</strong>. You must develop your pieces and rely on them to fight for the center. This usually leads to the scenarios described above under 1 and 3, second option being only seen in some variations of <em>French defense</em> and <em>Caro-Kann</em>. </p>
  
  <p>Since White has the advantage of the first move, he is naturally faster, so another benefit of the <code>e4</code> is the ability for him to play <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambit">gambits</a>-hoping to be the first one to get the initiative in the center-which he can not achieve <strong>without</strong> controlling the center.Just the fact that some of the gambits in that link are viable, solid openings can show you just how much the importance of the center control is.</p>
  
  <p>In short-<code>e4</code> is played to give you fast development of your pieces-which is always used in fight for the center ( see <em>Alekhine's defense</em>, <em>Ruy Lopez</em> among many others ).</p>
  
  <p>On the other hand, <code>d4</code> is a bit clumsy move <strong>for developing pieces</strong> ( the queen does not have any good square to be developed ), but <strong>d4 pawn has support from the start</strong>.</p>
  
  <p>This reduces Blacks options and immediate counter-attack is impossible. This gives White great solidity in the center but <strong>slows down</strong> his game. Again, the goal is the same-<strong>control the center</strong> but this time the strategy that implements this idea changes:</p>
  
  <p>Instead of fighting the opponents pieces/pawns, that fight for the center, with your own, you will first <strong>occupy</strong> the center with pawns-so you can get <strong>space advantage</strong>.Once you do that you will have <strong>the time</strong> to finish development. Black, on the other hand, has a limited choice here. He can <strong>not</strong> counter attack at <code>d4</code> <strong>at once</strong> ( <code>11. ... Nc6</code> is useless, opposing to <code>1. ...Nf6</code> in the <em>Alekhine's defense</em> ), so he <strong>usually</strong> opts for <strong>pressuring White center</strong> with his <strong>light pieces</strong> from <strong>distance</strong>, and then engineers a <strong>flank counter attack</strong>. The positions are usually closed, since White blocks center most of the time, but sometimes <strong>division of control</strong> occurs ( some variations of the <em>Nimzo-Indian defense</em> are a good example ) which results in semi-open games. </p>
  
  <p>To summarize:</p>
  
  <p>Both moves are played with <strong>one thing in mind</strong>-to <strong>fight</strong> for the center. The only difference is in the way they implement the fight-with <code>e4</code> you get speedy development but <strong>unstable</strong> center which results in a "fast paced" games, yet with <code>d4</code> you get <strong>stable center</strong> which slows down the game.</p>
  
  <p>In both cases Black and White fight for the center and <strong>the winner</strong> of that fight <strong>controls</strong> the center-which results in <strong>immediate advantage</strong> for him.</p>
  
  <p>Since chess is a balanced game, if both sides play properly then nobody wins the fight, only one of the 3 scenarios listed above can occur.</p>
  
  <blockquote>
    <p>So while it may turn out that 1) e4 and 1) d4 give rise to good games for white I feel it may be more due to the rapid development which these moves allow rather than because these pawns 'control the center'.</p>
  </blockquote>
  
  <p>Indeed. Just a small adjustment of your observation-quoting you:</p>
  
  <p>So while it may turn out that 1) e4 and 1) d4 give rise to good games for white I feel it may be more due to the <strong>ability to beneficially deploy pieces to fight for the control of the center</strong> which these moves allow rather than because these pawns 'control the center'.</p>
  
  <blockquote>
    <p>Indeed, sometimes, these pawns can be an obstacle for white's own pieces.(I am looking at things from white's perspective but the same argument can be similarly posed from the black player's perspective as well.).</p>
  </blockquote>
  
  <p>Exactly. The whole point of those moves is to enable other pieces to fight for the center. Which move you choose from those 2 is a matter of preference.</p>
  
  <p>One thing for the end:</p>
  
  <p>You can also fight for the center with light pieces only, making pawn thrusts later-after the position gets clarified and one such example is the <em>Reti opening</em> ( look at <em>Reti's</em> games to see what I exactly mean ).</p>
  
  <p>Check out this section on <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chess_strategy#Control_of_the_center">Wikipedia( Control of the center )</a> and I think that <a href="http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Chess_Strategy/The_center">this</a> article also sheds some valuable light.</p>
  
  <p>If you have further questions leave a comment-I will gladly help.</p>
  
  <blockquote>
    <p>Do post your thoughts on this.</p>
  </blockquote>
  
  <p>You <strong>really</strong> should avoid discussions-here we strive for a single answer.</p>
  
  <p>Best regards.</p>
  
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Answers.Text: just great. +1.
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Answers.Body: <p>Controlling the center is very important, for to move pieces from one side of the board to the other, the pieces need to go through the center. While this may seem to have little effect in the beginning of the game, the impact in the middlegame is immense.</p>
  
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Body: <p>Well, there are two premises in the question itself: 1) That e4 or d4 'controls the center'. 2) That 'Controlling the center'is something important. It appears to me that 'controlling the center' is the least of the benefits of a move  like e4 or d4. The fact is that it becomes mandatory to play e4 or d4 if you want to develop both bishops along their long diagonals(c1-h6 diagonal or a6-f1 diagonal). This seems to be the most important benefit of e4/d4 IMO and not 'controlling the center'. So while it may turn out that 1) e4 and 1) d4 give rise to good games for white I feel it may be more due to the rapid development which these moves allow rather than because these pawns 'control the center'. Indeed, sometimes, these pawns can be an obstacle for white's own pieces.(I am looking at things from white's perspective but the same argument can be similarly posed from the black player's perspective as well.). Do post your thoughts on this.</p>
  
Tags: <opening><strategy><pawn-structure><center>
Title: It is important to play e4 or d4 to 'control the center'. Myth or reality?
ThreadText: # It is important to play e4 or d4 to 'control the center'. Myth or reality?
  
  (Asked by: username_0 on 2014-01-06)
  
  Well, there are two premises in the question itself: 1) That e4 or d4 'controls the center'. 2) That 'Controlling the center'is something important. It appears to me that 'controlling the center' is the least of the benefits of a move like e4 or d4. The fact is that it becomes mandatory to play e4 or d4 if you want to develop both bishops along their long diagonals(c1-h6 diagonal or a6-f1 diagonal). This seems to be the most important benefit of e4/d4 IMO and not 'controlling the center'. So while it may turn out that 1) e4 and 1) d4 give rise to good games for white I feel it may be more due to the rapid development which these moves allow rather than because these pawns 'control the center'. Indeed, sometimes, these pawns can be an obstacle for white's own pieces.(I am looking at things from white's perspective but the same argument can be similarly posed from the black player's perspective as well.). Do post your thoughts on this.
  
  **Tags:** opening, strategy, pawn-structure, center
  
  
  ---
  
  ## 2 answers
  
  ### Answer by username_1 on 2014-01-06. Score: 7
  
  Let me start from top to bottom:
  
  > It is important to play e4 or d4 to 'control the center'. Myth or reality?
  
  Myth.
  
  > Well, there are two premises in the question itself: 1) That e4 or d4 'controls the center'.
  
  When you play `1.e4/d4` you **do not** control the center, you **physically occupy it**.
  
  To control the center, you will need **more than a single pawn move**-you need certain amount of developed pieces **coordinated to control certain central squares**.
  
  `1.e4/d4` simply **fights for the center**, you can not control it with just one pawn move-wish if it was that easy :)
  
  Most importantly-you **can not** control anything unless **your opponent allows you to**-you can only **fight for it**.
  
  > Well, there are two premises in the question itself: ... 2) That 'Controlling the center'is something important.
  
  It **is of utmost importance** in the opening, as it allows you to completely control the game development. Controlling the center allows you to orient your actions towards the wings **without worrying that your opponent can counter-strike in the center**-thus usually refuting your plan or at least getting the equal play.
  
  Also, you can open or close the game **when you seem fit** which usually can decide the game to your favor-not to mention **the speed** which your pieces get when **centralized**, since they can reach **any part of the board in relatively equal amount of moves**, contrary to the pieces posted at the wing.If we have a knight on d4, he can reach both wings at relatively equal amount of moves, but if it is posted on h3 then he needs a lot of moves to reach queen side which sometimes proves fatal.
  
  Also, controlling the center **hinders the activity and coordination** of the opponents pieces-which enables you to start preparing for an attack or at least to create some serious weaknesses in their position.
  
  In short-controlling the center is of **paramount importance** from the start to the end of the game-just remember that controlling is **not the same** as occupying the center.
  
  To be honest, I haven't seen the opening that **controls** the center-all the modern openings either:
  
  1. Fight for it.
  2. Divide the control-E.G. White controls d5 and e4 and Black controls d4 and e5, usually by blocking the center, or by exchanging central pawns.
  3. One side "surrenders the center" giving the opponent space advantage, but in return gets huge pressure against that center from the sides or from the distance ( usually light pieces perform the pressure ).
  
  > It appears to me that 'controlling the center' is the least of the benefits of a move like e4 or d4. The fact is that it becomes mandatory to play e4 or d4 if you want to develop both bishops along their long diagonals(c1-h6 diagonal or a6-f1 diagonal). This seems to be the most important benefit of e4/d4 IMO and not 'controlling the center'.
  
  You are almost there-the point of `e4/d4` is to decide **how will you fight for the center** which will directly decide **what type of pace** will that fight take. Since `e4` gives free development of the pieces-but `e4` pawn has no initial support-the emphasis in this types of positions is on **speed**. You must develop your pieces and rely on them to fight for the center. This usually leads to the scenarios described above under 1 and 3, second option being only seen in some variations of *French defense* and *Caro-Kann*.
  
  Since White has the advantage of the first move, he is naturally faster, so another benefit of the `e4` is the ability for him to play [gambits](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambit)-hoping to be the first one to get the initiative in the center-which he can not achieve **without** controlling the center.Just the fact that some of the gambits in that link are viable, solid openings can show you just how much the importance of the center control is.
  
  In short-`e4` is played to give you fast development of your pieces-which is always used in fight for the center ( see *Alekhine's defense*, *Ruy Lopez* among many others ).
  
  On the other hand, `d4` is a bit clumsy move **for developing pieces** ( the queen does not have any good square to be developed ), but **d4 pawn has support from the start**.
  
  This reduces Blacks options and immediate counter-attack is impossible. This gives White great solidity in the center but **slows down** his game. Again, the goal is the same-**control the center** but this time the strategy that implements this idea changes:
  
  Instead of fighting the opponents pieces/pawns, that fight for the center, with your own, you will first **occupy** the center with pawns-so you can get **space advantage**.Once you do that you will have **the time** to finish development. Black, on the other hand, has a limited choice here. He can **not** counter attack at `d4` **at once** ( `11. ... Nc6` is useless, opposing to `1. ...Nf6` in the *Alekhine's defense* ), so he **usually** opts for **pressuring White center** with his **light pieces** from **distance**, and then engineers a **flank counter attack**. The positions are usually closed, since White blocks center most of the time, but sometimes **division of control** occurs ( some variations of the *Nimzo-Indian defense* are a good example ) which results in semi-open games.
  
  To summarize:
  
  Both moves are played with **one thing in mind**-to **fight** for the center. The only difference is in the way they implement the fight-with `e4` you get speedy development but **unstable** center which results in a "fast paced" games, yet with `d4` you get **stable center** which slows down the game.
  
  In both cases Black and White fight for the center and **the winner** of that fight **controls** the center-which results in **immediate advantage** for him.
  
  Since chess is a balanced game, if both sides play properly then nobody wins the fight, only one of the 3 scenarios listed above can occur.
  
  > So while it may turn out that 1) e4 and 1) d4 give rise to good games for white I feel it may be more due to the rapid development which these moves allow rather than because these pawns 'control the center'.
  
  Indeed. Just a small adjustment of your observation-quoting you:
  
  So while it may turn out that 1) e4 and 1) d4 give rise to good games for white I feel it may be more due to the **ability to beneficially deploy pieces to fight for the control of the center** which these moves allow rather than because these pawns 'control the center'.
  
  > Indeed, sometimes, these pawns can be an obstacle for white's own pieces.(I am looking at things from white's perspective but the same argument can be similarly posed from the black player's perspective as well.).
  
  Exactly. The whole point of those moves is to enable other pieces to fight for the center. Which move you choose from those 2 is a matter of preference.
  
  One thing for the end:
  
  You can also fight for the center with light pieces only, making pawn thrusts later-after the position gets clarified and one such example is the *Reti opening* ( look at *Reti's* games to see what I exactly mean ).
  
  Check out this section on [Wikipedia( Control of the center )](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chess_strategy#Control_of_the_center) and I think that [this](http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Chess_Strategy/The_center) article also sheds some valuable light.
  
  If you have further questions leave a comment-I will gladly help.
  
  > Do post your thoughts on this.
  
  You **really** should avoid discussions-here we strive for a single answer.
  
  Best regards.
  
  > **Comments:**
  > **username_2**: just great. +1.  
  > **username_1**: @username_2: Thank you. Glad I can help. Best regards.  
  
  ---
  
  ### Answer by username_3 on 2014-01-06. Score: 5
  
  Controlling the center is very important, for to move pieces from one side of the board to the other, the pieces need to go through the center. While this may seem to have little effect in the beginning of the game, the impact in the middlegame is immense.
  
  
  ---
  
  