Answers.Body: <p>The earliest use of the word &quot;tabiya&quot; that I can find in western literature is from <em><a href="https://www.google.co.uk/books/edition/A_Dictionary_Hind%C5%ABst%C4%81n%C4%AB_and_English/o7RIAQAAMAAJ?hl=en&amp;gbpv=1&amp;dq=%22tabiya%22&amp;pg=PA250&amp;printsec=frontcover" rel="noreferrer">A Dictionary, Hindūstānī and English</a></em> by John Shakespear published in 1820 where it says on page 250:</p>
  <blockquote>
  <p>tabiya 1. Arrangement, disposition 2. Drawing up of an army 3. Inlaying</p>
  </blockquote>
  <p>Not clear that that is a chess reference.</p>
  <p>The earliest chess reference I could find in English was from <a href="https://www.google.co.uk/books/edition/The_Chess_monthly/ZFoFAAAAQAAJ?hl=en&amp;gbpv=1&amp;dq=%22tabiya%22&amp;pg=PA200&amp;printsec=frontcover" rel="noreferrer">The Chess-monthly - Volume 2 - Page 200</a> published in 1880</p>
  <p><a href="https://i.sstatic.net/oaibE.jpg" rel="noreferrer"><img src="https://i.sstatic.net/oaibE.jpg" alt="Chess Monthly 1880" /></a></p>
  <p>The earliest chess reference I could find in any language was 1868 - <a href="https://www.google.co.uk/books/edition/ABC_des_%C3%89checs_ou_introduction_%C3%A0_l_%C3%A9t/dNdhAAAAcAAJ?hl=en&amp;gbpv=1&amp;dq=%22tabiya%22&amp;pg=RA1-PA135&amp;printsec=frontcover" rel="noreferrer">ABC des Échecs, ou introduction à l'étude de la stratégie raisonnée des echecs</a></p>
  <p><a href="https://i.sstatic.net/fa3zp.jpg" rel="noreferrer"><img src="https://i.sstatic.net/fa3zp.jpg" alt="enter image description here" /></a></p>
  
Answers.ContentLicense: CC BY-SA 4.0
Answers.CreationDate: 2022-07-17T18:00:43.070Z
Answers.Text: As I understand "tabiya" (from _the Oxford Companion to Chess_),
  the chess use does correspond to the definitions
  "1. Arrangement, disposition 2. Drawing up of an army".
  In Shatrang the opposing forces took some time to come into
  direct contact (the only line-pieces were Rooks, which are initially
  hemmed in by their own pawns), so the main choice in the opening was
  how to arrange one's forces, not the specific order of moves to get there.
Answers.UserDisplayName: Noam D. Elkies
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Answers.CreationDate: 2022-07-16T19:36:54.207Z
Answers.LastActivityDate: 2022-07-16T19:36:54.207Z
Answers.UserDisplayName: Brian Towers
Body: <p>I was surprised to learn that the word &quot;Tabiya&quot; comes from the Arabic language. I know of no other Arabic terms in chess and know that most of its terminology is Russian or Yiddish: E.G. Patzer, Rezshenie, Priyome.</p>
  <p>Does anyone know when and where the term Tabiya started being used by chess players?</p>
  
Comments.ContentLicense: CC BY-SA 4.0
Comments.CreationDate: 2022-07-15T23:35:31.030Z
Comments.Text: Not sure if this answers your question. https://chess.stackexchange.com/questions/2097/what-is-a-tabiya-and-what-is-their-importance
Comments.UserDisplayName: Varun W.
Comments.ContentLicense: CC BY-SA 4.0
Comments.CreationDate: 2022-07-16T03:35:06.787Z
Comments.Text: Isn't Patzer derived from the same German word?
Comments.UserDisplayName: koedem
Comments.ContentLicense: CC BY-SA 4.0
Comments.CreationDate: 2022-07-16T04:17:12.953Z
Comments.Text: English chess terms copied from other languages: Many are from German; some are from French (en prise, en passant); "rook" is from Persian. I don't know any from Yiddish or Russian.
Comments.UserDisplayName: Rosie F
Comments.ContentLicense: CC BY-SA 4.0
Comments.CreationDate: 2022-07-16T07:40:50.517Z
Comments.Text: https://chess.stackexchange.com/questions/2097/what-is-a-tabiya-and-what-is-their-importance suggest the route is from Sanskrit via old Persian, but gives no supporting evidence. Of course chess has many words with Persian roots, the word chess itself included.
Comments.UserDisplayName: Ian Bush
Comments.ContentLicense: CC BY-SA 4.0
Comments.CreationDate: 2022-07-17T19:37:05.220Z
Comments.Text: “I know of no other Arabic terms in chess” uhhhh... how about _shah mat_ (checkmate)? (Technically Persian, but Europe gets the term via the Arabic _al-shah mata_.)
Comments.UserDisplayName: KRyan
Tags: <history><terminology>
Title: When did the term "tabiya" start being used by players?
ThreadText: # When did the term "tabiya" start being used by players?
  
  (Asked by: username_0 on 2022-07-15)
  
  I was surprised to learn that the word "Tabiya" comes from the Arabic language. I know of no other Arabic terms in chess and know that most of its terminology is Russian or Yiddish: E.G. Patzer, Rezshenie, Priyome.
  
  Does anyone know when and where the term Tabiya started being used by chess players?
  
  **Tags:** history, terminology
  
  > **Comments:**
  > **username_1**: Not sure if this answers your question. https://chess.stackexchange.com/questions/2097/what-is-a-tabiya-and-what-is-their-importance  
  > **username_2**: Isn't Patzer derived from the same German word?  
  > **username_3**: English chess terms copied from other languages: Many are from German; some are from French (en prise, en passant); "rook" is from Persian. I don't know any from Yiddish or Russian.  
  > **username_4**: https://chess.stackexchange.com/questions/2097/what-is-a-tabiya-and-what-is-their-importance suggest the route is from Sanskrit via old Persian, but gives no supporting evidence. Of course chess has many words with Persian roots, the word chess itself included.  
  > **username_5**: “I know of no other Arabic terms in chess” uhhhh... how about _shah mat_ (checkmate)? (Technically Persian, but Europe gets the term via the Arabic _al-shah mata_.)  
  
  ---
  
  ## 1 answers
  
  ### Answer by username_6 on 2022-07-16. Score: 8
  
  The earliest use of the word "tabiya" that I can find in western literature is from *[A Dictionary, Hindūstānī and English](https://www.google.co.uk/books/edition/A_Dictionary_Hind%C5%ABst%C4%81n%C4%AB_and_English/o7RIAQAAMAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=%22tabiya%22&pg=PA250&printsec=frontcover)* by John Shakespear published in 1820 where it says on page 250:
  
  > tabiya 1. Arrangement, disposition 2. Drawing up of an army 3. Inlaying
  
  Not clear that that is a chess reference.
  
  The earliest chess reference I could find in English was from [The Chess-monthly - Volume 2 - Page 200](https://www.google.co.uk/books/edition/The_Chess_monthly/ZFoFAAAAQAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=%22tabiya%22&pg=PA200&printsec=frontcover) published in 1880
  
  [![Chess Monthly 1880](https://i.sstatic.net/oaibE.jpg)](https://i.sstatic.net/oaibE.jpg)
  
  The earliest chess reference I could find in any language was 1868 - [ABC des Échecs, ou introduction à l'étude de la stratégie raisonnée des echecs](https://www.google.co.uk/books/edition/ABC_des_%C3%89checs_ou_introduction_%C3%A0_l_%C3%A9t/dNdhAAAAcAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=%22tabiya%22&pg=RA1-PA135&printsec=frontcover)
  
  [![enter image description here](https://i.sstatic.net/fa3zp.jpg)](https://i.sstatic.net/fa3zp.jpg)
  
  > **Comments:**
  > **username_7**: As I understand "tabiya" (from _the Oxford Companion to Chess_), the chess use does correspond to the definitions "1. Arrangement, disposition 2. Drawing up of an army". In Shatrang the opposing forces took some time to come into direct contact (the only line-pieces were Rooks, which are initially hemmed in by their own pawns), so the main choice in the opening was how to arrange one's forces, not the specific order of moves to get there.  
  
  ---
  
  