Answers.Body: <p><strong>Pixel based object recognition</strong>, like the name says, works by analyzing the individual pixels of an image. For example: You analyze an image with a lot of different shades of blue and some grey pixels - you might assume that this is the picture of a plane in the sky or a ship in the water.</p>
  
  <p>You could also look for similar pictures by calculating the difference between each individual pixel of 2 images and sum up the differences. The smaller the sum of the difference, the more the pictures look alike.</p>
  
  <p>It depends on your field of work, but those methods will most likely not be good enough for solid image recognition.</p>
  
  <p>You also mentioned neural networks. Of course you can feed the raw pixel data to a neural network, but that's not state of the art. You will almost always use a CNN, which brings me to your next point.</p>
  
  <p><strong>Feature based object recognition</strong>, like the name says, tries to extract certain features from an image to perform classification. You use several convolutional layers for analysis before you feed the output to a neural network. This architecture is called CNN (Convolutional Neural Network).</p>
  
  <p>What those features actually look like is hard to explain without showing examples. I recommend to watch the following two lectures from the Stanford course CS231n:</p>
  
  <ul>
  <li><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OoUX-nOEjG0&amp;list=PL3FW7Lu3i5JvHM8ljYj-zLfQRF3EO8sYv&amp;index=2" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Lecture 2 | Image Classification</a></li>
  <li><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bNb2fEVKeEo&amp;list=PL3FW7Lu3i5JvHM8ljYj-zLfQRF3EO8sYv&amp;index=5" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Lecture 5 | Convolutional Neural Networks</a></li>
  </ul>
  
  <p>The first one explains image classification in general and shows some implementations for pixel based algorithms. The second one dives into CNNs and explains feature based approaches. I highly recommend to watch the full series, but if you are in a hurry, those 2 lectures will tell you what you want to know.</p>
  
Answers.ContentLicense: CC BY-SA 3.0
Answers.CreationDate: 2017-11-28T09:45:11.927Z
Answers.LastActivityDate: 2017-11-28T09:45:11.927Z
Answers.UserDisplayName: Demento
Body: <p>From my understanding and text I found in research papers online :</p>
  
  <ol>
  <li><p><strong>Pixel-based object recognition</strong>: neural networks are trained to locate individual objects based directly on pixel data.</p></li>
  <li><p><strong>Feature-based object recognition</strong>: contents of a window are mapped to a feature space that is provided as input to a neural classifier.</p></li>
  </ol>
  
  <p>What do the above 2 definitions imply in a simpler language? Especially point number 2.</p>
  
  <p>Also, can someone point me to papers/resources/articles that would explain the above approaches in greater detail?</p>
  
Tags: <deep-learning><comparison><computer-vision><terminology><object-recognition>
Title: What is the difference between pixel-based object recognition and feature-based object recognition?
UserDisplayName: Umang Mathur
ThreadText: # What is the difference between pixel-based object recognition and feature-based object recognition?
  
  (Asked by: username_0 on 2017-11-28)
  
  From my understanding and text I found in research papers online :
  
  1. **Pixel-based object recognition**: neural networks are trained to locate individual objects based directly on pixel data.
  2. **Feature-based object recognition**: contents of a window are mapped to a feature space that is provided as input to a neural classifier.
  
  What do the above 2 definitions imply in a simpler language? Especially point number 2.
  
  Also, can someone point me to papers/resources/articles that would explain the above approaches in greater detail?
  
  **Tags:** deep-learning, comparison, computer-vision, terminology, object-recognition
  
  
  ---
  
  ## 1 answers
  
  ### Answer by username_1 on 2017-11-28. Score: 2 | Accepted answer
  
  **Pixel based object recognition**, like the name says, works by analyzing the individual pixels of an image. For example: You analyze an image with a lot of different shades of blue and some grey pixels - you might assume that this is the picture of a plane in the sky or a ship in the water.
  
  You could also look for similar pictures by calculating the difference between each individual pixel of 2 images and sum up the differences. The smaller the sum of the difference, the more the pictures look alike.
  
  It depends on your field of work, but those methods will most likely not be good enough for solid image recognition.
  
  You also mentioned neural networks. Of course you can feed the raw pixel data to a neural network, but that's not state of the art. You will almost always use a CNN, which brings me to your next point.
  
  **Feature based object recognition**, like the name says, tries to extract certain features from an image to perform classification. You use several convolutional layers for analysis before you feed the output to a neural network. This architecture is called CNN (Convolutional Neural Network).
  
  What those features actually look like is hard to explain without showing examples. I recommend to watch the following two lectures from the Stanford course CS231n:
  
  * [Lecture 2 | Image Classification](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OoUX-nOEjG0&list=PL3FW7Lu3i5JvHM8ljYj-zLfQRF3EO8sYv&index=2)
  * [Lecture 5 | Convolutional Neural Networks](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bNb2fEVKeEo&list=PL3FW7Lu3i5JvHM8ljYj-zLfQRF3EO8sYv&index=5)
  
  The first one explains image classification in general and shows some implementations for pixel based algorithms. The second one dives into CNNs and explains feature based approaches. I highly recommend to watch the full series, but if you are in a hurry, those 2 lectures will tell you what you want to know.
  
  
  ---
  
  