Answers.Body: <p>This is, quite obviously, cheating. I'm going to assume that the teammate isn't asking for help, and the guy is just blurting it out. (Otherwise a forfeit would be a given.) But even if the teammate doesn't want the advice and is doing nothing wrong, it's still extremely unfair to his opponent.</p>
  
  <p>According to the <a href="https://www.fide.com/FIDE/handbook/Anti%20Cheating%20Guidelines.pdf" rel="nofollow noreferrer">FIDE Anti-Cheating Guidelines</a>:</p>
  
  <blockquote>
    <p>In a Team event, the team of the offending player shall be excluded from the final rankings. The results for the opposing teams shall remain unchanged. Each of the offender’s games shall be considered a loss, but the score for the opponent shall remain unchanged. All games shall be reported as unplayed.</p>
  </blockquote>
  
  <p>The prospect of <em>all</em> of the player's games being considered losses and the team being removed from the event ranking is probably enough to deter this behavior. In addition, this counts as a breach of the <a href="https://www.fide.com/fide/handbook.html?id=9&amp;view=category" rel="nofollow noreferrer">FIDE Code of Ethics</a>, and the player could be suspended from FIDE events if they are reported to, and found guilty by, the Ethics Committee.</p>
  
  <p>If that still isn't enough to deter them, there's another option. According to the <a href="https://www.fide.com/fide/handbook.html?id=208&amp;view=article" rel="nofollow noreferrer">FIDE Laws of Chess</a> 11.3.1, players are forbidden to "use" advice. You could, I believe, inform the teammate that playing the suggested move would be considered "using" the advice and could incur the penalty of a forfeit. Although rule 12.9 does not list forbidding a move as a possible penalty, this restriction is not really intended as a penalty against the teammate (who has not done anything wrong himself at this point) - it's simply an attempt to restore fairness to a game which was interfered with. It's not appropriate in all situations, either.</p>
  
  <p>Prohibiting the suggested move in this situation is specifically contemplated under USCF rule 20E2 regarding unsolicited advice. Other options under this USCF rule include declaring the game a draw, or forfeiting the game on the grounds that advice from a teammate can automatically be presumed solicited.</p>
  
Answers.ContentLicense: CC BY-SA 4.0
Answers.CreationDate: 2019-02-07T10:18:40.327Z
Answers.Text: This would be up to the competition organisers, not the local arbiter for that particular match. Forbidding a player to make a particular move is not based in the rules, imo.
Answers.UserDisplayName: RemcoGerlich
Answers.ContentLicense: CC BY-SA 4.0
Answers.CreationDate: 2019-02-07T10:57:29.203Z
Answers.Text: @RemcoGerlich I agree that an arbiter is not allowed to directly forbid a player to make a move. They can interpret the player playing the suggested move as "using advice" though and forfeit the game; and giving the player a friendly warning about this line of thought is appropriate/fair/covered by the rules, even if it leads to the same result as directly forbidding the move.
Answers.UserDisplayName: Annatar
Answers.ContentLicense: CC BY-SA 4.0
Answers.CreationDate: 2019-02-07T11:18:08.853Z
Answers.Text: According to the preface to the FIDE Laws of Chess: "The Laws assume that arbiters have the necessary competence, sound judgement and absolute objectivity. Too detailed a rule might deprive the arbiter of his freedom of judgement and thus prevent him from finding a solution to a problem dictated by fairness, logic and special factors. FIDE appeals to all chess players and federations to accept this view."
Answers.UserDisplayName: D M
Answers.ContentLicense: CC BY-SA 4.0
Answers.CreationDate: 2019-02-07T11:24:47.300Z
Answers.Text: On the other hand, you may be correct about that not being in the rules... I'll edit later today.
Answers.UserDisplayName: D M
Answers.ContentLicense: CC BY-SA 4.0
Answers.CreationDate: 2019-02-06T04:45:06.830Z
Answers.LastActivityDate: 2019-02-07T23:00:00.927Z
Answers.LastEditDate: 2019-02-07T23:00:00.927Z
Answers.UserDisplayName: D M
Answers.Body: <p>In a low contest regional type tournament, I'm assuming you don't have to abide by FIDE or USCF rules. Given this, I would suggest the following:</p>
  
  <ol>
  <li>Warn them the first time you see this happening. Say that the next time you see this anytime in the rest of the tournament, their team loses whatever current match they're playing. So not only does one player lose a game, but their whole team forfeits the entire match.</li>
  <li>Enforce your ultimatum from step 1 if you see them cheating again.</li>
  </ol>
  
Answers.ContentLicense: CC BY-SA 4.0
Answers.CreationDate: 2019-02-06T06:03:05.080Z
Answers.Text: We have to play by FIDE rules - so the ELO gained can be used internationally. Even though as you said it is regional tournament.
Answers.UserDisplayName: Croolman
Answers.ContentLicense: CC BY-SA 4.0
Answers.CreationDate: 2019-02-07T10:17:13.643Z
Answers.Text: In the situation the OP describes (a team competition played over a whole year where the home team provides the arbiter), measures like handing out match losses are outside the power of the arbiter for that evening.
Answers.UserDisplayName: RemcoGerlich
Answers.ContentLicense: CC BY-SA 4.0
Answers.CreationDate: 2019-02-07T10:27:47.470Z
Answers.Text: @RemcoGerlich Depends I guess, in [FIDE Laws of Chess](http://rules.fide.com/images/stories/Laws_of_Chess_2018_-_EB_approved_-_clean_version.pdf), Section 11.3.1 .. players are forbidden to use any notes, sources of information or advice ... This might include the inforcement once arbiter knows the advice could be heard by the player.
Answers.UserDisplayName: Croolman
Answers.ContentLicense: CC BY-SA 4.0
Answers.CreationDate: 2019-02-07T10:30:01.423Z
Answers.Text: Yes but the player could have found the move by himself. It's not his fault a spectator shouted something.
Answers.UserDisplayName: RemcoGerlich
Answers.ContentLicense: CC BY-SA 4.0
Answers.CreationDate: 2019-02-07T10:36:47.233Z
Answers.Text: In that you are right, but in case it is a teammate, who is standing by the chessboard actively analysing the game and then silently saying to him what to play... If you're the arbiter and you hear that, even though you're further than the player that should use the advice, I think this is the right time to forbid the use of that move.
Answers.UserDisplayName: Croolman
Answers.ContentLicense: CC BY-SA 4.0
Answers.CreationDate: 2020-02-05T16:18:08.903Z
Answers.Text: how does the arbiter play in these matches and also be able to hear all this alleged advice being bandied about?
Answers.UserDisplayName: edwina oliver
Answers.ContentLicense: CC BY-SA 4.0
Answers.CreationDate: 2019-02-06T05:08:53.963Z
Answers.LastActivityDate: 2019-02-07T05:15:30.857Z
Answers.LastEditDate: 2019-02-07T05:15:30.857Z
Answers.UserDisplayName: Inertial Ignorance
Answers.Body: <p>Assuming that the player in the ongoing game did nothing wrong (did not speak to team members about the game) and a spectator team mate just shouts a move, there is unfortunately not much you can do in the moment, apart from removing the spectator from the room. The player did nothing wrong, and you are only the arbiter of the current match, not of the whole competition. The situation is similar to a normal spectator shouting advice.</p>
  
  <p>You mention lowering their score in their own finished game, but in my opinion that is not allowed by the rules -- their game is already finished and the result is already set, they are spectators.</p>
  
  <p>What you can do is have the <em>team leader of the other team</em> lodge a <em>formal complaint</em> with the competition organiser. You as the arbiter can write a factual report of what happened, including the name of the team mate, and send it to the organiser along with the official result forms of the match. <em>They</em> can issue warnings, match losses, a ban for the player, match point deductions, fines, you name it -- you can't. If this sort of thing is consistently reported, they can also know if it is just this one incident or a regular occurance.</p>
  
  <p>If the spectator refuses to leave the playing area after being told to do so, you have bigger problems. I would abort the whole match at that point, write a report to the competition organisation and argue for a 8-0 loss (example) for that team.</p>
  
Answers.ContentLicense: CC BY-SA 4.0
Answers.CreationDate: 2019-02-07T21:50:39.237Z
Answers.Text: Regarding your comment "The situation is similar to a normal spectator shouting advice.", by any chance do you know what the procedure is in such a case? I just looked through the FIDE rulebook, but couldn't find any particular details.
Answers.UserDisplayName: ATLPoly
Answers.ContentLicense: CC BY-SA 4.0
Answers.CreationDate: 2019-02-08T08:37:09.197Z
Answers.Text: No, a rulebook for a game can hardly say what people not playing it can and can't do, it's out of scope.
Answers.UserDisplayName: RemcoGerlich
Answers.ContentLicense: CC BY-SA 4.0
Answers.CreationDate: 2019-02-07T10:14:12.547Z
Answers.LastActivityDate: 2019-02-07T10:20:25.570Z
Answers.LastEditDate: 2019-02-07T10:20:25.570Z
Answers.UserDisplayName: RemcoGerlich
Body: <p>I am arbiter myself, but I don't know how to treat player in team matches who try to indicate other players of their team what move to play in position they are in. If they won their game I might first warn them and at the second time lower their score to 1/2 (to 0 in case of a draw), but if they lose their game, there is no way one can punish them. They have literally nothing to lose. According to FIDE rules, they become a spectator one can only exclude from the room. And even in that case, nothing can stop them just to not care and stay anyway. For the refference, we're talking about low contest, like regional once where most of the time the arbiter is actually a player of one team as well.</p>
  
Comments.ContentLicense: CC BY-SA 4.0
Comments.CreationDate: 2019-02-05T21:37:51.283Z
Comments.Text: The punishments USCF or FIDE give out to cheaters is often weak and consistent guidelines unestablished.
Comments.UserDisplayName: Ywapom
Comments.ContentLicense: CC BY-SA 4.0
Comments.CreationDate: 2019-02-06T00:10:56.050Z
Comments.Text: Ban the cheater from the tournament, perhaps. I don't think lowering the score is a valid punishment.
Comments.UserDisplayName: user58697
Comments.ContentLicense: CC BY-SA 4.0
Comments.CreationDate: 2019-02-06T02:58:48.363Z
Comments.Text: Are these official FIDE-rated games?
Comments.UserDisplayName: D M
Comments.ContentLicense: CC BY-SA 4.0
Comments.CreationDate: 2019-02-06T05:55:24.177Z
Comments.Text: These are games which are ELO rated - have to be played according to FIDE rules. Those games are in long contests of N teams that play with each other throughout the winter (every other sunday).
Comments.UserDisplayName: Croolman
Comments.ContentLicense: CC BY-SA 4.0
Comments.CreationDate: 2019-02-06T15:23:01.730Z
Comments.Text: Is this like a regional league, where there is one match every few weeks, some club plays their match at home against some visiting club, with the arbiter being provided by the home club (sometimes one of the players)? In that case solutions that involve giving a warning and forfeiting them next round can't be used.
Comments.UserDisplayName: RemcoGerlich
Comments.ContentLicense: CC BY-SA 4.0
Comments.CreationDate: 2019-02-06T18:34:24.460Z
Comments.Text: @RemcoGerlich You are exactly right. That is the issue, there is not much arbiter can do in that situation when palyer who lost their game is now helping others. You can exclude him fro mthe room, but that is nothing.
Comments.UserDisplayName: Croolman
Tags: <rules><cheating><team>
Title: Punishing player for indicating moves to other team players
ThreadText: # Punishing player for indicating moves to other team players
  
  (Asked by: username_0 on 2019-02-05)
  
  I am arbiter myself, but I don't know how to treat player in team matches who try to indicate other players of their team what move to play in position they are in. If they won their game I might first warn them and at the second time lower their score to 1/2 (to 0 in case of a draw), but if they lose their game, there is no way one can punish them. They have literally nothing to lose. According to FIDE rules, they become a spectator one can only exclude from the room. And even in that case, nothing can stop them just to not care and stay anyway. For the refference, we're talking about low contest, like regional once where most of the time the arbiter is actually a player of one team as well.
  
  **Tags:** rules, cheating, team
  
  > **Comments:**
  > **username_1**: The punishments USCF or FIDE give out to cheaters is often weak and consistent guidelines unestablished.  
  > **username_2**: Ban the cheater from the tournament, perhaps. I don't think lowering the score is a valid punishment.  
  > **username_3**: Are these official FIDE-rated games?  
  > **username_0**: These are games which are ELO rated - have to be played according to FIDE rules. Those games are in long contests of N teams that play with each other throughout the winter (every other sunday).  
  > **username_4**: Is this like a regional league, where there is one match every few weeks, some club plays their match at home against some visiting club, with the arbiter being provided by the home club (sometimes one of the players)? In that case solutions that involve giving a warning and forfeiting them next round can't be used.  
  > **username_0**: @username_4 You are exactly right. That is the issue, there is not much arbiter can do in that situation when palyer who lost their game is now helping others. You can exclude him fro mthe room, but that is nothing.  
  
  ---
  
  ## 3 answers
  
  ### Answer by username_3 on 2019-02-06. Score: 3 | Accepted answer
  
  This is, quite obviously, cheating. I'm going to assume that the teammate isn't asking for help, and the guy is just blurting it out. (Otherwise a forfeit would be a given.) But even if the teammate doesn't want the advice and is doing nothing wrong, it's still extremely unfair to his opponent.
  
  According to the [FIDE Anti-Cheating Guidelines](https://www.fide.com/FIDE/handbook/Anti%20Cheating%20Guidelines.pdf):
  
  > In a Team event, the team of the offending player shall be excluded from the final rankings. The results for the opposing teams shall remain unchanged. Each of the offender’s games shall be considered a loss, but the score for the opponent shall remain unchanged. All games shall be reported as unplayed.
  
  The prospect of *all* of the player's games being considered losses and the team being removed from the event ranking is probably enough to deter this behavior. In addition, this counts as a breach of the [FIDE Code of Ethics](https://www.fide.com/fide/handbook.html?id=9&view=category), and the player could be suspended from FIDE events if they are reported to, and found guilty by, the Ethics Committee.
  
  If that still isn't enough to deter them, there's another option. According to the [FIDE Laws of Chess](https://www.fide.com/fide/handbook.html?id=208&view=article) 11.3.1, players are forbidden to "use" advice. You could, I believe, inform the teammate that playing the suggested move would be considered "using" the advice and could incur the penalty of a forfeit. Although rule 12.9 does not list forbidding a move as a possible penalty, this restriction is not really intended as a penalty against the teammate (who has not done anything wrong himself at this point) - it's simply an attempt to restore fairness to a game which was interfered with. It's not appropriate in all situations, either.
  
  Prohibiting the suggested move in this situation is specifically contemplated under USCF rule 20E2 regarding unsolicited advice. Other options under this USCF rule include declaring the game a draw, or forfeiting the game on the grounds that advice from a teammate can automatically be presumed solicited.
  
  > **Comments:**
  > **username_4**: This would be up to the competition organisers, not the local arbiter for that particular match. Forbidding a player to make a particular move is not based in the rules, imo.  
  > **username_5**: @username_4 I agree that an arbiter is not allowed to directly forbid a player to make a move. They can interpret the player playing the suggested move as "using advice" though and forfeit the game; and giving the player a friendly warning about this line of thought is appropriate/fair/covered by the rules, even if it leads to the same result as directly forbidding the move.  
  > **username_3**: According to the preface to the FIDE Laws of Chess: "The Laws assume that arbiters have the necessary competence, sound judgement and absolute objectivity. Too detailed a rule might deprive the arbiter of his freedom of judgement and thus prevent him from finding a solution to a problem dictated by fairness, logic and special factors. FIDE appeals to all chess players and federations to accept this view."  
  > **username_3**: On the other hand, you may be correct about that not being in the rules... I'll edit later today.  
  
  ---
  
  ### Answer by username_6 on 2019-02-06. Score: 5
  
  In a low contest regional type tournament, I'm assuming you don't have to abide by FIDE or USCF rules. Given this, I would suggest the following:
  
  1. Warn them the first time you see this happening. Say that the next time you see this anytime in the rest of the tournament, their team loses whatever current match they're playing. So not only does one player lose a game, but their whole team forfeits the entire match.
  2. Enforce your ultimatum from step 1 if you see them cheating again.
  
  > **Comments:**
  > **username_0**: We have to play by FIDE rules - so the ELO gained can be used internationally. Even though as you said it is regional tournament.  
  > **username_4**: In the situation the OP describes (a team competition played over a whole year where the home team provides the arbiter), measures like handing out match losses are outside the power of the arbiter for that evening.  
  > **username_0**: @username_4 Depends I guess, in [FIDE Laws of Chess](http://rules.fide.com/images/stories/Laws_of_Chess_2018_-_EB_approved_-_clean_version.pdf), Section 11.3.1 .. players are forbidden to use any notes, sources of information or advice ... This might include the inforcement once arbiter knows the advice could be heard by the player.  
  > **username_4**: Yes but the player could have found the move by himself. It's not his fault a spectator shouted something.  
  > **username_0**: In that you are right, but in case it is a teammate, who is standing by the chessboard actively analysing the game and then silently saying to him what to play... If you're the arbiter and you hear that, even though you're further than the player that should use the advice, I think this is the right time to forbid the use of that move.  
  > **username_7**: how does the arbiter play in these matches and also be able to hear all this alleged advice being bandied about?  
  
  ---
  
  ### Answer by username_4 on 2019-02-07. Score: 2
  
  Assuming that the player in the ongoing game did nothing wrong (did not speak to team members about the game) and a spectator team mate just shouts a move, there is unfortunately not much you can do in the moment, apart from removing the spectator from the room. The player did nothing wrong, and you are only the arbiter of the current match, not of the whole competition. The situation is similar to a normal spectator shouting advice.
  
  You mention lowering their score in their own finished game, but in my opinion that is not allowed by the rules -- their game is already finished and the result is already set, they are spectators.
  
  What you can do is have the *team leader of the other team* lodge a *formal complaint* with the competition organiser. You as the arbiter can write a factual report of what happened, including the name of the team mate, and send it to the organiser along with the official result forms of the match. *They* can issue warnings, match losses, a ban for the player, match point deductions, fines, you name it -- you can't. If this sort of thing is consistently reported, they can also know if it is just this one incident or a regular occurance.
  
  If the spectator refuses to leave the playing area after being told to do so, you have bigger problems. I would abort the whole match at that point, write a report to the competition organisation and argue for a 8-0 loss (example) for that team.
  
  > **Comments:**
  > **username_8**: Regarding your comment "The situation is similar to a normal spectator shouting advice.", by any chance do you know what the procedure is in such a case? I just looked through the FIDE rulebook, but couldn't find any particular details.  
  > **username_4**: No, a rulebook for a game can hardly say what people not playing it can and can't do, it's out of scope.  
  
  ---
  
  