Answers.Body: <p>Although the responses all were intended to answer the question, they all fell slightly short.  The 75-move rule was implemented so that an arbiter could adjudicate a game as drawn in a clearly drawn position when both players were electing to play on, hoping that their opponent would falter.  Usually in cases where a draw was as good as a lost for both players, i.e. a win would secure prize money, a draw would win no prize money. Arbiters have a life too. ;&gt;)</p>
  
Answers.ContentLicense: CC BY-SA 4.0
Answers.CreationDate: 2021-02-19T19:17:53.920Z
Answers.Text: I have a life? Srsly? You're the first to tell me that. That's so nice, have an upvote :-)
Answers.UserDisplayName: Hauke Reddmann
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Answers.CreationDate: 2020-02-12T04:06:32.403Z
Answers.LastActivityDate: 2020-09-14T02:27:28.860Z
Answers.LastEditDate: 2020-09-14T02:27:28.860Z
Answers.UserDisplayName: MikeB
Answers.Body: <p>From the FIDE Laws of Chess:</p>
  
  <p>50-move rule:</p>
  
  <blockquote>
    <p>9.3 The game is drawn, <strong>upon a correct claim by a player having the move</strong>, if: 
    (...) 
    the last 50 moves by each player have been completed without the movement of any pawn and without any capture.</p>
  </blockquote>
  
  <p>75-move rule:</p>
  
  <blockquote>
    <p>9.6 If one or both of the following occur(s) then the game is drawn: (...) any series of at least 75 moves have been made by each player without the movement of any pawn and without any capture.</p>
  </blockquote>
  
  <p>(emphasis mine)</p>
  
  <p>As you can see, the decisive difference is that the 50-move rule only applies if a player correctly claims it, while the 75-move rule applies independently of any claims. So, in the 50 to 75 move window, the players <strong>can</strong> claim for a draw, but don't <strong>have</strong> to (and play on). Only when the 75th move without pawn moves or captures has been reached, the arbiter may interfere and declare the game drawn.</p>
  
Answers.ContentLicense: CC BY-SA 4.0
Answers.CreationDate: 2018-10-31T17:33:03.870Z
Answers.Text: Or, presumably, if a player is under too much time pressure to keep track of the number of moves and doesn't claim the draw, then runs out of time after more than 75 moves have gone by, they can retroactively claim the draw as of the 75 moves.
Answers.UserDisplayName: Acccumulation
Answers.ContentLicense: CC BY-SA 4.0
Answers.CreationDate: 2018-10-31T18:55:26.560Z
Answers.Text: The better question is, given that at 50 moves it is objectively correct for one of the players to claim a draw, so why not just make it forced then?
Answers.UserDisplayName: eyeballfrog
Answers.ContentLicense: CC BY-SA 4.0
Answers.CreationDate: 2018-10-31T19:49:09.810Z
Answers.Text: @eyeballfrog: perhaps because both players still believe they can win when their opponent makes a blunder, or runs out of time. If both players believe they can win then why would either declare a draw when they did not have to?
Answers.UserDisplayName: Eric Lippert
Answers.ContentLicense: CC BY-SA 4.0
Answers.CreationDate: 2018-11-01T11:11:11.810Z
Answers.Text: @eyeballfrog The 50 move rule requires a player to notice it.  That's not a given.
Answers.UserDisplayName: Loren Pechtel
Answers.ContentLicense: CC BY-SA 4.0
Answers.CreationDate: 2018-11-01T14:45:27.660Z
Answers.Text: @EricLippert The same argument applies to the 75-move rule, which *does* cut the game off. This is poor rules design--either forcibly end the game or don't.
Answers.UserDisplayName: eyeballfrog
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Answers.CreationDate: 2018-11-01T15:24:10.960Z
Answers.Text: @eyeballfrog: Ah, I misunderstood your question. Your question is "what is the compelling benefit to the game created by this rule design?" whereas I answered the question "why would at least one of two players permitted to draw not do so?"  That is, your question is about game design, and my answer was about strategy. I do not know the answer to the question about game design.
Answers.UserDisplayName: Eric Lippert
Answers.ContentLicense: CC BY-SA 4.0
Answers.CreationDate: 2018-11-01T20:38:41.447Z
Answers.Text: @eyeballfrog It is not always "objectively correct for one of the players to claim a draw". For instance, say Black and White are playing in a tournament; it's the last game for both of them, currently each has n points, and the tournament leader has n+1 points with no more games to play. The only way either Black or White can catch the leader is by achieving an outright win for a full point. In this case, claiming a draw is a lose-lose situation. Not all games are zero-sum.
Answers.UserDisplayName: G_B
Answers.ContentLicense: CC BY-SA 4.0
Answers.CreationDate: 2020-09-14T09:02:06.010Z
Answers.Text: @eyeballfrog the 75-move rule can be applied directly by the referee. The 50-move rule can only be applied after a player asks for it
Answers.UserDisplayName: David
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Answers.CreationDate: 2018-10-31T14:01:20.393Z
Answers.LastActivityDate: 2018-10-31T14:01:20.393Z
Answers.UserDisplayName: Annatar
Body: <p>Logically, if 75 moves have been played, 50 moves would've also been played. This sounds ridiculous. It is like saying &quot;I would buy this book if it cost under $60 and it costs under $40&quot;. So, what is the logic behind that?</p>
  
Comments.ContentLicense: CC BY-SA 4.0
Comments.CreationDate: 2018-10-31T13:44:02.477Z
Comments.Text: In cases where the 75-moves rule applies (e.g. 2B vs N, IIRC), it *replaces* the 50-moves rule : you cannot claim a draw after 50 moves, but you can do so after 75 moves.
Comments.UserDisplayName: Evargalo
Comments.ContentLicense: CC BY-SA 4.0
Comments.CreationDate: 2018-10-31T14:10:59.983Z
Comments.Text: So do you mean that the 50-move rule does not apply to 2B vs N games?
Comments.UserDisplayName: Wais Kamal
Comments.ContentLicense: CC BY-SA 4.0
Comments.CreationDate: 2018-10-31T15:22:23.473Z
Comments.Text: @Evargalo that *used* to be the case (in various forms) from 1928 to 1992: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fifty-move_rule#History
Comments.UserDisplayName: Glorfindel
Comments.ContentLicense: CC BY-SA 4.0
Comments.CreationDate: 2018-10-31T16:23:02.390Z
Comments.Text: Yes, I was confused between two different 75-moves rules. Annatar's answer is spot on.
Comments.UserDisplayName: Evargalo
Tags: <history><50-move-rule><75-move-rule>
Title: Why is there a 50-move rule and a 75-move rule?
ThreadText: # Why is there a 50-move rule and a 75-move rule?
  
  (Asked by: username_0 on 2018-10-31)
  
  Logically, if 75 moves have been played, 50 moves would've also been played. This sounds ridiculous. It is like saying "I would buy this book if it cost under $60 and it costs under $40". So, what is the logic behind that?
  
  **Tags:** history, 50-move-rule, 75-move-rule
  
  > **Comments:**
  > **username_1**: In cases where the 75-moves rule applies (e.g. 2B vs N, IIRC), it *replaces* the 50-moves rule : you cannot claim a draw after 50 moves, but you can do so after 75 moves.  
  > **username_0**: So do you mean that the 50-move rule does not apply to 2B vs N games?  
  > **username_2**: @username_1 that *used* to be the case (in various forms) from 1928 to 1992: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fifty-move_rule#History  
  > **username_1**: Yes, I was confused between two different 75-moves rules. username_5's answer is spot on.  
  
  ---
  
  ## 2 answers
  
  ### Answer by username_5 on 2018-10-31. Score: 69 | Accepted answer
  
  From the FIDE Laws of Chess:
  
  50-move rule:
  
  > 9.3 The game is drawn, **upon a correct claim by a player having the move**, if:
  > (...)
  > the last 50 moves by each player have been completed without the movement of any pawn and without any capture.
  
  75-move rule:
  
  > 9.6 If one or both of the following occur(s) then the game is drawn: (...) any series of at least 75 moves have been made by each player without the movement of any pawn and without any capture.
  
  (emphasis mine)
  
  As you can see, the decisive difference is that the 50-move rule only applies if a player correctly claims it, while the 75-move rule applies independently of any claims. So, in the 50 to 75 move window, the players **can** claim for a draw, but don't **have** to (and play on). Only when the 75th move without pawn moves or captures has been reached, the arbiter may interfere and declare the game drawn.
  
  > **Comments:**
  > **username_6**: Or, presumably, if a player is under too much time pressure to keep track of the number of moves and doesn't claim the draw, then runs out of time after more than 75 moves have gone by, they can retroactively claim the draw as of the 75 moves.  
  > **username_7**: The better question is, given that at 50 moves it is objectively correct for one of the players to claim a draw, so why not just make it forced then?  
  > **username_8**: @username_7: perhaps because both players still believe they can win when their opponent makes a blunder, or runs out of time. If both players believe they can win then why would either declare a draw when they did not have to?  
  > **username_9**: @username_7 The 50 move rule requires a player to notice it.  That's not a given.  
  > **username_7**: @EricLippert The same argument applies to the 75-move rule, which *does* cut the game off. This is poor rules design--either forcibly end the game or don't.  
  > **username_8**: @username_7: Ah, I misunderstood your question. Your question is "what is the compelling benefit to the game created by this rule design?" whereas I answered the question "why would at least one of two players permitted to draw not do so?"  That is, your question is about game design, and my answer was about strategy. I do not know the answer to the question about game design.  
  > **username_10**: @username_7 It is not always "objectively correct for one of the players to claim a draw". For instance, say Black and White are playing in a tournament; it's the last game for both of them, currently each has n points, and the tournament leader has n+1 points with no more games to play. The only way either Black or White can catch the leader is by achieving an outright win for a full point. In this case, claiming a draw is a lose-lose situation. Not all games are zero-sum.  
  > **username_11**: @username_7 the 75-move rule can be applied directly by the referee. The 50-move rule can only be applied after a player asks for it  
  
  ---
  
  ### Answer by username_3 on 2020-02-12. Score: 12
  
  Although the responses all were intended to answer the question, they all fell slightly short. The 75-move rule was implemented so that an arbiter could adjudicate a game as drawn in a clearly drawn position when both players were electing to play on, hoping that their opponent would falter. Usually in cases where a draw was as good as a lost for both players, i.e. a win would secure prize money, a draw would win no prize money. Arbiters have a life too. ;>)
  
  > **Comments:**
  > **username_4**: I have a life? Srsly? You're the first to tell me that. That's so nice, have an upvote :-)  
  
  ---
  
  