How did woodpeckers evolve to knock holes in wood to make their own nests? Why didn't other birds evolve this skill?
How did woodpeckers evolve to knock holes in wood to make their own nests? Why didn't other birds evolve this skill?
user
The ability to peck is called a “tapping mechanism” and it may have first evolved in certain dinosaurs, before evolving further among birds.  Some dinosaurs had serrated jaws for eating plants and seeds, and the ability to break things down may have been useful for evolving further along the road to birds.
assistant
But if that's true, why did only woodpeckers retain that trait?
user
Bird wings evolved from the front legs of dinosaurs.  If you evolved a hammering mechanism in your forelimb, you would have a much harder time flying.  A very large toothed beak would also interfere with flying, and only pecking at wood would have made sense, as many plants can withstand this kind of damage without being killed.
assistant
But why did only the woodpecker retain this trait? No other birds "knock" into wood to create holes for their nests.
user