Species of bacterium
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Helicobacter suis ("H. suis") is a species within the "Helicobacter" genus of Gram-negative bacteria. "Helicobacter pylori" is by far the best known "Helicobacter" species, primarily because humans infected with it may develop gastrointestinal tract diseases such as stomach inflammation, stomach ulcers, duodenal ulcers, stomach cancers of the nonlymphoma type, and various subtypes of extranodal marginal zone lymphomass, e.g. those of the stomach, small intestines, large intestines, and rectumn. "H. pylori" is also associated with the development of bile duct cancer and has been associated with a wide range of other diseases although its role in the development of many of these other diseases requires further study. Humans infected with "H. suis" may develop some of the same gastrointestinal diseases - stomach inflammation, stomach ulcers, duodenal ulcers, stomach cancers that are not lymphomas, and extranodal marginal B cell lymphomas of the stomach. Other non-"H. pylori" Helicobacter species that are known to be associated with these gastrointestinal diseases are "Helicobacter bizzozeronii, Helicobacter salomonis, Helicobacter felis," and "Helicobacter heilmannii s.s". Because of their disease associations, these four "Helicobacter" species plus "H. suis" are often group together and termed "Helicobacter heilmannii sensu lato".
"H. suis" bacteria are detected in the stomachs of their natural hosts - pigs and nonhuman primates. Reports suggest that individuals, including children, are infected with this bacterium by having close contact with infected pigs (or possibly other, unidentified infected animals) or by eating raw pork taken from infected pigs ("H. suis" remains viable for up to 48 hours in fresh raw pork): "H. heilmanni s.l."-associated diseases, including those associated with "H. suis", appear to be zoonotic diseases, i.e., infectious diseases that are caused by pathogen that spread from animals to humans. It is important to diagnose "H. felis" as well as other "Helicobacter heilmannii sensu lato" infections in patients with the cited upper gastrointestinal tract diseases, including in particular extranodal marginal zone lymphoma of the stomach, because some of them have been successfully treated and cured using antibiotic-based drug regimens (e.g.amoxicillin, clarithromycin, plus a proton pump inhibitor or metronidazole, clarithromycin, plus a proton pump inhibitor) directed against the instigating bacterium.
References.
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