Species of flowering plant in the poppy family Papaveraceae
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Papaver alpinum, synonym Oreomecon alpina, the Alpine poppy or dwarf poppy, is a poppy found in the Alps. The circumscription of the species varies considerably. In some treatments, the species is one of a group of related species, and includes several subspecies, four of which are found in Austria. In other treatments, it includes species that have been treated as separate, and has at most one subspecies.
Description.
The Alpine poppy is a short, upright, hairy perennial with odd-pinnate leaves. The flower grows to a height of 5 to 20 cm, with several upright and hairy stems. As with all poppy species, a latex is produced. The feathery leaves are arranged in a ground hugging rosette.
The flowers are hermaphroditic and radially symmetric, with a diameter of up to 5 cm. The fragrant flowers do not have nectar, but produce pollen. The flowering period is from July to August.
All Alpine poppy subspecies have a strong taproot and make a good rockery plant. The root hairs are angled upwards, which helps secure the plant.
Subspecies.
The Rhaetian Alps poppy ("P. alpinum" subsp. "rhaeticum") has light yellow to orange petals and feathery foliage, and is found in the Central and Southern Alps. In Austria, it is scattered around Carinthia, Styria and Salzburg; in Switzerland, it has only been found in the Engadin.
The Salzburg Alpine poppy ("P. alpinum" subsp. "sendtneri") also has pinnate deciduous leaves, with white flowers with a yellow heart. It grows only in the northern Alps and Northern Limestone Alps. It is found in moving limestone rubble, boulders, lime rock or dolomite. It prefers a high altitude of 1300 to 2600m. Although the protected plant is rare, it is the most commonly found white flowering Alpine poppy. In Austria it is found in Tyrol, Vorarlberg, Upper Austria, Salzburg and Styria.
The Kerner-Alpine poppy ("P. alpinum" subsp. "kerneri"), or Karawanken Alpine poppy, has two to three times pinnate deciduous leaves and bright yellow flowers. It is found in the southeastern Limestone Alps, with a main distribution in the Slovenian Alps. In Austria it is only found in the southern Carinthia.
The Northeast Alpine poppy ("P. alpinum" subsp. "alpinum", also known as "P. burseri" ), or the Burser-Alpine poppy, has two to three times pinnate deciduous leaves with white flowers and is found in the northeastern Limestone Alps. In Austria it is found in Lower Austria, Upper Austria and Styria.
Other subspecies:
Chemistry.
The alkaloids amurensine and amurensinine can be found in "P. alpinum".
References.
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