Leader of Hadiya (died 1889)
Hassan Enjamo was the chief of Hadiya in the nineteenth century. He was the last Garad of Qabena before the Abyssinian invasion.
Early life.
Born to a Hadiya Qabena chief father, Walga Mooe and a Gurage mother.
Militant career.
Imam Hassan's state dominated modern day southern Ethiopia in the 1800s through expansion towards all of Hadiya, Gurage and some parts of Oromo territory, Islamizing most of the population by 1876. According to Ethiopian historian Lapiso, Hassan ruled the region amidst two rivers; Omo and the Awash.
For two years beginning from 1886, the attempted Abyssinian Shewa expansion led by Menelik II was pushed back by Hassan's militia. Hassan had obtained the support of local Gurage, Wolane, Silt'e, Arsi Oromo and other Muslims in the region. Several nobles from neighboring states such as the brother of Abba Jifar II the ruler of the Kingdom of Jimma backed Hassan's troops. However Abba Jifar himself refused, replying to Hassan's request in joining him for jihad with the following: "I am not a soldier of holy wars and in my country there are no zawaya".
It is believed his resistance was inspired by the Sudanese Mahdist State akin to that of the Talha Jafar-led Muslim revolt in Wollo.
Death.
Hassan's followers were finally defeated in 1889 by the Abyssinian forces led by Ras Gobana Dacche. Although Hassan was able to flee to the Kingdom of Jimma following the battle, he would soon succumb to malaria in 1889 upon his return to Qabeena.
References.
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