The 2019 United States state legislative elections were held on November 5, 2019. Seven legislative chambers in four states held regularly-scheduled elections. These off-year elections coincided with other state and local elections, including gubernatorial elections in three states.
Democrats gained majorities of both houses of the Virginia General Assembly, giving them complete control of the legislature for the first time since 2000, and the first trifecta since 1994.
Summary table.
Regularly scheduled elections were held in 7 of the 99 state legislative chambers in the United States. Nationwide, regularly scheduled elections were held for 538 of the 7,383 legislative seats. This table only covers regularly scheduled elections; additional special elections took place concurrently with these regularly scheduled elections.
Election predictions.
Several sites and individuals publish predictions of competitive chambers. These predictions look at factors such as the strength of the party, the strength of the candidates, and the partisan leanings of the state (reflected in part by the state's Cook Partisan Voting Index rating). The predictions assign ratings to each chambers, with the rating indicating the predicted advantage that a party has in winning that election.
Most election predictors use:
State summaries.
Louisiana.
All seats of the Louisiana State Senate and the Louisiana House of Representatives were up for election to four-year terms in single-member districts. Republicans retained majority control in both chambers.
Mississippi.
All seats of the Mississippi State Senate and the Mississippi House of Representatives were up for election to four-year terms in single-member districts. Republicans retained majority control in both chambers.
New Jersey.
All seats of the New Jersey General Assembly were up for election to two-year terms in coterminous two-member districts. The New Jersey Senate did not hold regularly scheduled elections. Democrats maintained majority control in the lower house.
Virginia.
All seats of the Senate of Virginia and the Virginia House of Delegates were up for election in single-member districts. Senators were elected to four-year terms, while delegates serve terms of two years. Democrats gained control of both legislative chambers, establishing the first Democratic trifecta in Virginia since 1994.
Special elections.
Various states held special elections for legislative districts throughout the year. Overall, Republicans flipped five seats, Democrats flipped two, and one independent was elected.
Alabama.
Two special elections were held for the Alabama Legislature in 2019.
Arkansas.
One special election was held for the Arkansas General Assembly in 2019.
California.
Three special elections were held for the California State Legislature in 2019.
Connecticut.
Seven special elections were held for the Connecticut General Assembly in 2019. Republicans flipped two seats previously held by Democrats.
Florida.
Two special elections were held for the Florida Legislature in 2019.
Georgia.
Five special elections were held for the Georgia General Assembly in 2019.
Iowa.
Two special elections were held for the Iowa General Assembly in 2019.
Kentucky.
Three special elections were held for the Kentucky General Assembly in 2019. Republicans flipped one seat previously held by a Democrat.
Louisiana.
Seven special elections were held for the Louisiana State Legislature in 2019. An independent was elected in one seat previously held by a Republican.
Maine.
Three special elections were held for the Maine Legislature in 2019.
Minnesota.
Two special elections were held for the Minnesota Legislature in 2019. Republicans flipped one seat previously held by a Democrat.
Mississippi.
Three special elections were held for the Mississippi Legislature in 2019.
Missouri.
Six special elections were held for the Missouri General Assembly in 2019. Democrats flipped one seat previously held by a Republican.
New Hampshire.
One special election was held for the New Hampshire General Court in 2019.
New Jersey.
One special election was held for the New Jersey Legislature in 2019. Republicans flipped one seat previously held by a Democrat.
New York.
One special election was held for the New York State Legislature in 2019.
Pennsylvania.
Seven special elections were held for the Pennsylvania General Assembly in 2019. Democrats flipped one seat previously held by a Republican.
Rhode Island.
One special election was held for the Rhode Island General Assembly in 2019.
South Carolina.
Four special elections were held for the South Carolina General Assembly in 2019.
Tennessee.
Three special elections were held for the Tennessee General Assembly in 2019.
Texas.
Three special elections were held for the Texas Legislature in 2019.
Virginia.
Two special elections were held for the Virginia General Assembly in 2019.
Washington.
Two special elections were held for the Washington State Legislature in 2019.
Wisconsin.
One special election was held for the Wisconsin Legislature in 2019.
References.
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