Species of flowering plant
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Avicennia officinalis is a species of mangrove also known as Indian mangrove. The genus "Avicennia" is named after the famous Persian scientist Ibn Sina.
Description.
The young tree forms a low, dense bushy crown. When it matures, it forms a columnar tree up to 15 m and may grow up to 30 m. The shiny green leaves, 10 cm long by 5 cm wide, have rounded apexes and golden-brown under leaf and grow in opposites. The flower, the largest among the "Avicennia" species has a diameter of 6 to 10 mm when expanded. It is orange yellow to lemon yellow in color. The bark is smooth, dirty green to dark gray in color. It is slightly fissured and does not flake. The fruit is green or brown, heart-shaped abruptly narrowed to a short beak, is 2.5 cm long or more.
Range and habitat.
"Avicennia officinalis" ranges from the eastern Indian Ocean to the western Pacific, along the shores of India, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, Myanmar, Thailand, Cambodia, Vietnam, Indonesia, Malaysia, Brunei, Timor Leste, New Guinea, and northern and eastern Australia (Northern Territory, Queensland, and New South Wales).
"Avicennia officinalis" is found sporadically on the banks of rivers and rarely found near the sea. It prefers clay soil and usually found inland. 
Uses.
The 1889 book "The Useful Native Plants of Australia "records "mangrove "egaie" of the Cleveland Bay aboriginals; "tagontagon" of the Rockhampton aboriginals, "baa-lunn", and "ttchoonche" are other aboriginal names. The fruit is heart-shaped, with two thick cotyledons. The aboriginals of Cleveland Bay dig a hole in the ground, where they light a good fire; when well ignited, they throw stones over it, which when sufficiently heated, they arrange horizontally at the bottom, and lay on the top the "egaie" fruit, sprinkling a little water over it; they cover it with bark, and over the whole, earth is placed to prevent the steam from evaporating too freely. During the time required for baking (about two hours), they dig another hole in the sand ; the softened "egaie" is put into it, they pour water twice over it, and the "midamio" is now fit for eating. They resort to that sort of food during the wet season when precluded
from searching for any other." (Murrell's testimony,* quoted by Mens. Thozet.) In Salt-water estuaries all round the coast. * Murrell was a shipwrecked sailor, who lived for 17 years with the aboriginals
of Cleveland Bay, Queensland.".
References.
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External links.
 Media related to at Wikimedia Commons