For the April 1945 invasion of Okinawa (Allied codename: Operation "Iceberg"), the Allies assembled the most powerful naval force in history. Since the few remaining capital ships of the Imperial Japanese Combined Fleet had been sunk or otherwise put out of action at the Battle of Leyte Gulf, the Allies were effectively unopposed in terms of major surface vessels; a single mission consisting of the superbattleship and a few escorts was undertaken, but the task force did not get within of the invasion area. The main Japanese naval opposition within the invasion area came from hundreds of Imperial Japanese Navy s and Maru-Ni Imperial Japanese Army attack boats.
Since the Japanese air arm had been equally decimated by this point in the war, the lack of trained and experienced pilots led them to deploy the "kamikaze" extensively in the waters off Okinawa.
 US Navy combat ships: ;br ;
11 fleet carriers, 6 light carriers, 22 escort carriers, 8 fast battleships, 10 old battleships, 2 large cruisers, 13 heavy cruisers, 13 light cruisers, 4 anti-aircraft light cruisers, 132 destroyers, 45 destroyer escorts
 Amphibious assault vessels: ;br ;
84 attack transports, 29 attack cargo ships, LCIs, LSMs, LSTs, LSVs, etc.
 Auxiliaries: ;br ;
52 submarine chasers, 23 fast minesweepers, 69 minesweepers, 11 minelayers, 49 oilers, etc.
 Royal Navy combat ships: ;br ;
5 fleet carriers, 2 battleships, 7 light cruisers, 14 destroyers
"Losses" ;br ;
The smaller ships were least able to withstand damage from "kamikaze" attacks.
Allied command structure.
Naval.
The roles of Commander in Chief, Pacific Ocean Areas (CINCPOA) and Commander in Chief, U.S. Pacific Fleet (CINCPAC) were both exercised by Admiral Chester W. Nimitz from his headquarters at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii.
Since the "Big Blue Fleet" was at this time under the command of Admiral Raymond Spruance aboard his flagship , the force was designated Fifth Fleet. (It had been Third Fleet until Spruance relieved Admiral William Halsey in January, as part of the "alternating command" system).
The ships and troops of Operation "Iceberg" were under direct operational command of Rear Admiral Richmond Kelly Turner aboard amphibious command ship .
Ground troops.
Son of a Confederate army general, Lt. Gen. Simon Bolivar Buckner, Jr. was one of four US lieutenant generals to die during World War II, but the only one to die by enemy action. On 18 June, Buckner was visiting a forward observation post when a Japanese artillery shell struck a coral outcropping, fragments of which struck Buckner in the chest. Command of Tenth Army passed to Marine Maj. Gen. Roy S. Geiger. ;br ;
United States Tenth Army (Lt. Gen. Simon Bolivar Buckner, Jr. (KIA))
Tactical Air Force, Tenth Army - MajGen Francis P. Mulcahy/MajGen Louis E. Woods
 III Amphibious Corps (Maj. Gen. Roy S. Geiger)
 Left beaches: 6th Marine Division (Maj. Gen. Lemuel C. Shepherd, Jr.)
 Right beaches: 1st Marine Division (Maj. Gen. Pedro A. del Valle)
 XXIV Army Corps (Maj. Gen. John R. Hodge)
 Left beaches: 7th Infantry ("Bayonet") Division (Maj. Gen. A.V. Arnold)
 Right beaches: 96th Infantry ("Deadeye") Division (Maj. Gen. J.L. Bradley)
 Landed L+8: 27th Infantry ("New York") Division (Maj. Gen. G.W. Griner, Jr.)
Allied amphibious forces.
Joint Expeditionary Force (Task Force 51).
Vice Admiral Richmond Kelly Turner in amphibious command ship "Eldorado"
 Western Islands Attack Group (Task Group 51.1)
 Rear Admiral I.N. Kiland in amphibious command ship "Mount McKinley"
 Embarking 77th Infantry ("Statue of Liberty") Division and ;br ;one Marine BLT (Maj. Gen. Andrew D. Bruce, USA)
 Transport Group "Fox"
 Commodore T.B. Brittain
 Transport Division 49
 4 attack transports: "Chilton", "LaGrange", "Tazewell", "St. Mary's"
 2 attack cargos: "Oberon", "Torrance"
 Transport Division 50
 4 attack transports: "Henrico", "Pitt", "Natrona", "Drew"
 1 attack cargo: "Tate"
 1 evacuation transport: "Rixey"
 Transport Division 51
 5 attack transports: "Goodhue", "Eastland", "Telfair", "Mountrail", "Montrose"
 2 attack cargos: "Wyandot", "Suffolk"
 Reconnaissance section
 2 destroyer transports: "Scribner", "Kinzer"
 Western Islands Tractor Flotilla: 18 LSTs
 Western Islands Reserve Tractor Group: 10 LSTs
 Western Islands LSM Group: 11 LSMs
 Western Islands Control Unit: 7 submarine chasers: (3 steel hull, 4 wooden hull)
 Western Islands Support Craft Flotilla
 Mortar support divisions 6, 7, 8
 RCM and Rocket Division 3
 Gunboat Support Divisions 1, 3, 4, 5
 LSM(R) Group
 Western Islands Hydrographic Survey Group: 4 submarine chasers (steel hull)
 Western Island Service &amp; Salvage Unit
 1 salvage vessel: "Clamp"
 1 landing craft repair ship: "Egeria"
 2 fleet tugs: "Yuma", "Tekesta"
 2 LCI(L)s
 1 LCT
 Screen
 Captain Frederick Moosbrugger in amphibious command ship "Biscayne"
 8 destroyers
 8 (5 x 5-in. main battery): "Picking", "Sproston", "Wickes", "William D. Porter", "Isherwood", "Kimberly", "Luce", "Charles J. Badger"
 6 destroyer escorts
 3 John C. Butler-class (2 x 5-in. main battery): "Richard W. Suesens", "Abercrombie", "Oberrender"
 3 Cannon-class (3 x 3-in. main battery): "Riddle", "Swearer", "Stern"
 3 destroyer transports: "Humphreys", "Herbert", "Dickerson"
 Demonstration Group "Charlie" (Task Group 51.2)
 Rear Admiral Jerauld Wright
 Embarking Demonstration Landing Force (2nd Marine Division), Major General Thomas E. Watson, USMC
 Transport Squadron 15
 5 attack transports: "Bayfield", "Mellette", "Hendry", "Sibley", "Berrien"
 3 attack cargos: "Shoshone", "Theenim", "Southampton"
 1 evacuation transport: "Pinkney"
Northern Attack Force (Task Force 53).
Rear Admiral Lawrence F. Reifsnider in amphibious command ship "Panamint" ;br ;
Embarking III Amphibious Corps (Maj. Gen. Roy S. Geiger, USMC)
 Transport Group "Able" (Task Group 53.1)
 Commodore H.B. Knowles
 Embarking 6th Marine Division (Maj. Gen. Lemuel C. Shepherd, Jr., USMC)
 Transport Division 34
 6 attack transports: "Cambria", "Marvin H. McIntyre", "Adair", "Gage", "Noble", "Gilliam"
 2 attack cargos: "Sheliak", "Hydrus"
 Transport Division 35
 5 attack transports: "Clay", "Leon", "George Clymer", "Arthur Middleton", "Catron"
 2 attack cargos: "Caswell", "Devosa"
 Transport Division 36
 5 attack transports: "Monrovia", "Wayne", "Sumter", "Menifee", "Fuller"
 3 attack cargos: "Aquarius", "Circe", "Casa Grande"
 1 vehicle landing ship: "Catskill"
 Transport Group "Baker" (Task Group 53.2)
 Commodore J. G. Moyer
 Embarking 1st Marine Division (Maj. Gen. Pedro A. del Valle, USMC)
 Transport Division 52
 8 attack transports: "Burleigh", "McCracken", "Thomas Jefferson", "Charles Carroll", "Barnett", "Andromeda", "Cepheus", "Oak Hill"
 1 vehicle landing ship: "Monitor"
 Transport Division 53
 5 attack transports: "Marathon", "Rawlins", "Renville", "New Kent", "Burleson"
 2 attack cargos: "Centaurus", "Arcturus"
 Transport Division 54
 5 attack transports: "Dade", "Magoffin", "Navarro", "Effingham", "Joseph T. Dickman"
 3 attack cargos: "Betelgeuse", "Procyon", "White Marsh"
 Northern Tractor Flotilla (Task Group 53.3)
 Capt. J. S. Laidlaw
 Tractor Group "Able": 16 LSTs carrying 6 LCTs, 22 pontoon barges and 6 pontoon causeways; 7 LSMs
 Tractor Group "Baker": 16 LSTs carrying 10 LCTs, 16 pontoon barges and 6 pontoon causeways
 Tractor Group "Charlie": 14 LSTs carrying 20 pontoon barges; 8 LSMs
 Northern Control Group: 18 submarine chasers (4 steel hull, 9 wooden hull, 5 sweeper type), Northern Beach Party
 Northern Attack Force Screen (Task Group 53.6)
 Captain J. H. Wellings
 13 destroyers
 2 (6 x 5-in. main battery): "Massey", "Hugh W. Hadley"
 4 (5 x 5-in. main battery): "Pringle", "Hutchins", "Stanly", "Howorth"
 4 (4 x 5-in. main battery): "Lang", "Stack", "Sterett", "Wilson"
 3 (5 x 5-in. main battery): "Morris", "Mustin", "Russell"
 5 destroyer escorts
 4 (3 x 3-in. main battery): "Gendreau", "Fieberling", "William C. Cole", "Paul G. Baker"
 1 (3 x 3-in. main battery): "Bebas"
 2 destroyer transports: "Charles Lawrence", "Roper"
 3 submarine chasers (2 escort type, 1 wooden hull)
 Northern Defense Group (Task Group 53.7)
 Capt. W. W. Weeden
 Embarking Marine Corps support units and high priority cargo: 21 LSTs carrying LCT and pontoon causeways
 2 oil storage ships: "Elk", "Camel"
 1 (3 x 3-in. main battery) destroyer escort: "Fair"
 2 submarine chasers (wooden hull), 7 motor minesweepers
Southern Attack Force (Task Force 55).
Rear Admiral John L. Hall in amphibious command ship "Teton" ;br ;
Embarking XXIV Army Corps (Maj. Gen. John R. Hodge)
 Transport Group "Dog" (Task Group 55.1)
 Commodore M.O. Carlson
 Embarking 7th Infantry ("Bayonet") Division (Maj. Gen. Archibald V. Arnold, USA)
 Transport Division 37
 4 attack transports: "Harris", "Lamar", "Sheridan", "Pierce"
 1 attack cargo: "Algorab"
 Transport Division 38
 4 attack transports: "Barnstable", "Elmore", "Alpine", "Lycoming"
 1 attack cargo: "Alshain"
 1 landing ship dock: "Epping Forest"
 Transport Division 39
 4 attack transports: "Custer", "Freestone", "Kittson", "Baxter"
 2 attack cargos: "Algol", "Arneb"
 Transport Division 13
 4 attack transports: "Appling", "Butte", "Audrain", "Laurens"
 2 attack cargos: "Aurelia", "Corvus"
 1 vehicle landing ship: "Ozark"
 Tractor Group "Dog"
 16 LSTs, 12 LSMs, 2 LCIs
 Tractor Group "Fox"
 14 LSTs carrying LCTs and pontoon barges, 10 LSMs
 Transport Group "Easy" (Task Group 55.2)
 Commodore C.G. Richardson
 Embarking 96th Infantry ("Deadeye") Division (Maj. Gen. James L. Bradley, USA)
 Transport Division 40
 4 attack transports: "Mendocino", "Sarasota", "Haskell", "Oconto"
 2 attack cargos: "Capricornus", "Chara"
 1 landing ship dock: "Lindenwald"
 Transport Division 41
 4 attack transports: "Olmstead", "La Porte", "Fond du Lac", "Banner"
 2 attack cargos: "Diphda", "Uvalde"
 Transport Division 42
 4 attack transports: "Neshoba", "Oxford", "Latimer", "Edgecombe"
 1 attack cargo: "Virgo"
 1 landing ship dock: "Gunston Hall"
 Transport Division 14
 4 attack transports: "Allendale", "Meriwether", "Menard", "Kenton"
 1 attack cargo: "Achernar"
 Tractor Group "Easy": 23 LSTs, 5 LSMs
 Beach Party "Easy", Southern Beach Party
 15 submarine chasers: 4 steel hull, 7 wooden hull, 4 sweeper type
 17 LCS(L)s, 6 LSM(R)s
 Screen (Task Group 55.6)
 Captain E.W. Young
 13 destroyers
 4 (6 x 5-in. main battery): "Hyman", "Purdy", "Wadsworth", "Putnam"
 9 (5 x 5-in. main battery): "Anthony", "Bache", "Bush", "Mullany", "Bennett", "Hudson", "Beale", "Ammen", "Rooks"
 6 destroyer escorts
 2 (3 x 3-in. main battery): "Crouter", "Carlson",
 2 (3 x 3-in. main battery): "Damon M. Cummings", "Vammen"
 1 (3 x 3-in. main battery): "O'Neill"
 1 (2 x 5-in. main battery): "Walter C. Wann"
 1 destroyer transport
 "Sims"
 Southern Defense Group (Task Group 55.7)
 Commander B.T. Zelenka
 1 destroyer escort: "Manlove"
 1 destroyer transport: "Stringham"
 34 LSTs, 14 LSMs, 6 motor minesweepers, 2 LCIs"
 1 oil storage ship: "Grumium"
Expeditionary Troops (Task Force 56).
Lieutenant General Simon Bolivar Buckner, Jr., USA (KIA 18 June) ;br ;
Consisting of United States Tenth Army ;br ;
 "Northern Landing Area"
 III Amphibious Corps (Embarked in Task Force 53)
 Maj. Gen. Roy S. Geiger, USMC
 Left beaches: 6th Marine Division (Maj. Gen. Lemuel C. Shepherd, Jr., USMC)
 Right beaches: 1st Marine Division (Maj. Gen. Pedro A. del Valle, USMC)
 "Southern Landing Area"
 XXIV Army Corps (Embarked in Task Force 55)
 Maj. Gen. John R. Hodge, USA
 Left beaches: 7th Infantry ("Bayonet") Division (Maj. Gen. Archibald V. Arnold, USA)
 Right beaches: 96th Infantry ("Deadeye") Division (Maj. Gen. James L. Bradley, USA)
 Landed L+8: 27th Infantry ("New York") Division (Maj. Gen. George W. Griner, Jr., USA)
 "Western Islands"
 Landed L+26: 77th Infantry ("Statue of Liberty") Division and one Marine BLT (Maj. Gen. Andrew D. Bruce, USA)
Allied combat ships.
Amphibious Support Forces (Task Force 52).
Rear Admiral William H.P. Blandy in amphibious command ship "Estes" ;br ;
 Support Carrier Group (Task Group 52.1)
 Rear Admiral Calvin T. Durgin
 Unit One
 Rear Admiral Clifton A.F. Sprague
 7 escort carriers
 "Makin Island" (Capts. W.B. Whaley and I.E. Hobbs)
 "VC-84" (Lt. D.K. English, USNR), 27 aircraft
 16 FM-2 Wildcat fighters
 11 TBM Avenger torpedo bombers
 "Fanshaw Bay" (Capt. M.E. Arnold)
 "VOC-2" (Lt. Cmdr. R.M. Allison), 30 aircraft
 24 FM-2 Wildcat fighters
 6 TBM Avenger torpedo bombers
 "Lunga Point" (Capt. G.A.T. Washburn)
 "VC-85" (Lt. Cmdr. F.C. Herriman), 30 aircraft
 18 FM-2 Wildcat fighters
 12 TBM Avenger torpedo bombers
 "Sangamon" (Capts. M.E. Browder and A.I. Malstrom)
 "Air Group 33" (Cmdr. F.B. Gilkeson), 30 aircraft
 24 F6F Hellcat fighters
 6 TBM Avenger torpedo bombers
 "Natoma Bay" (Capts. Albert K. Morehouse and B.B. Nichol)
 "VC-81" (Lt. Cmdr. W.B. Morton, USNR), 32 aircraft
 20 FM-2 Wildcat fighters
 12 TBM Avenger torpedo bombers
 "Savo Island" (Capt. W.D. Anderson)
 "VC-91" (Lt. F.M. Blanchard, USNR), 35 aircraft
 20 FM-2 Wildcat fighters
 15 TBM Avenger torpedo bombers
 "Anzio" (Capt. G.C. Montgomery)
 "VC-13" (Lt. Cmdr. R.P. Williams, USNR), 24 aircraft
 12 FM-2 Wildcat fighters
 12 TBM Avenger torpedo bombers
 Screen (Commander J.C. Zahm)
 6 destroyers
 1 (6 x 5-in. main battery): "Ingraham"
 3 (5 x 5-in. main battery): "Boyd", "Bradford", "Hart"
 2 (4 x 5-in. main battery): "Bagley", "Patterson"
 11 destroyer escorts
 9 (2 x 5-in. main battery): "Lawrence C. Taylor", "Melvin R. Nawman", "Oliver Mitchell", "Robert F. Keller", "Tabberer", "Richard M. Rowell", "Richard S. Bull", "Dennis", "O'Flaherty"
 2 (3 x 3-in. main battery): "Sederstrom", "Fleming"
 Unit Two
 Rear Admiral Felix B. Stump
 7 escort carriers
 "Saginaw Bay" (Capts. F.C. Sutton and Robert Goldwaite)
 "VC-88" (Lt. E.L. Kemp, USNR), 32 aircraft
 20 FM-2 Wildcat fighters
 12 TBM Avenger torpedo bombers
 "Sargent Bay" (Capt. R.M. Oliver)
 "VC-83" (Lt. Cmdr. B.V. Gates (KIA) and Lt. M.S. Worley, USNR), 28 aircraft
 16 FM-2 Wildcat fighters
 12 TBM Avenger torpedo bombers
 "Rudyerd Bay" (Capts. C.S. Smiley and J.G. Foster)
 "VC-96" (Lt.