Irish conservative Catholic organisation
Lolek CLG, operating under the business name the Iona Institute, is an Irish, socially conservative organisation that advocates the advancement and promotion of the Christian religion and its social and moral values. It has been frequently described as a Catholic pressure group. Founded by columnist David Quinn, it was launched publicly in 2007.
Iona promotes conservative Christian values and opposes abortion, euthanasia, assisted suicide, same-sex marriage, civil partnerships, lifting restrictions on divorce, adoptions by same-sex couples, sperm donation, egg donation, surrogacy and the children's rights referendum. It takes the view that crime is rising, family breakdown is increasing, and that drug abuse and other social problems are caused by fewer people obtaining opposite-sex marriages and participating in organised religion. The institute has released a number of reports and has also hosted talks in support of its aims. Quinn and other prominent members have weekly columns in Ireland's mainstream press.
In 2022, Iona was included in a list of extremist groups by the Global Project against Hate and Extremism, for which Iona was reportedly "consider[ing] legal action".
Background.
Irish society underwent a period of rapid secularisation during the 1990s and 2000s. In 1992, two referendums established the right to travel abroad to obtain an abortion and the right to information about foreign abortion services. In 1993, homosexuality was decriminalised. The 1995 referendum approved the removal of the constitutional ban on divorce.
Throughout the 1990s and 2000s, a series of criminal cases and Irish government enquiries established that hundreds of Catholic priests had abused thousands of children over decades. The widespread abuse scandals and cover-ups by Church authorities led to a decline in influence of the Catholic Church in Irish society.
The Iona Institute was formed in 2006 to promote Christian social teachings in an attempt to prevent and reverse the secularisation of Irish society.
Incorporation.
Lolek Ltd was incorporated on 16 August 2006 as a company limited by guarantee. "Lolek" was the childhood nickname of Pope John Paul II. Lolek registered the business name "The Iona Institute" which it operates under in public. "Iona" is a reference to Iona Abbey which was an important centre of Celtic Christianity founded by Irish monks.
Unlike the UK, the word "Institute" is not a protected term in Ireland and can be used in the name of any company. 
The use of "institute" has been challenged by notable public commentators such as Graham Norton who said "it is just a feeble attempt to give themselves a veneer of considered intellectual respectability." David Norris referred to "the so-called Iona Institute" as "an unelected, unrepresentative group of reactionary, right-wing, religiously motivated people".
In 2016, the company changed its name to Lolek CLG as required under the Companies Act 2014. It also adopted a new constitution.
Lolek CLG is a company limited by guarantee and does not have share capital or shareholders. The company consists of eight members, whose liability to the company upon winding-up is limited to a maximum of €1 each.
Lolek's current members are: Sean Ascough, Tom Ascough, Patrick Kenny, Susan Hegarty, John Reid, David Quinn, Andrew O'Connell and John Smyth.
Lolek also has self-described "patrons" associated with the company; the psychiatrist Patricia Casey, columnist Breda O'Brien, Roman Catholic priest Vincent Twomey, and Church of Ireland bishop Ken Clarke. Dr. Angelo Bottone serves as a part-time research officer for the institute.
Ideology.
Iona is commonly described as right-wing, conservative Catholic lobby group.
Lolek's founding memorandum of association states their objective as "[t]he advancement and promotion of the Christian religion, its social and moral values, and the doing of all such other things as are incidental or conductive to the attainment of that object."
In 2013, Iona spokesperson Patricia Casey denied that it was specifically Catholic or Christian, saying "We support the role of religion in society but we're not a religiously-based organisation." In 2014, John Murray said that the Church of Ireland bishop Ken Clarke's becoming a patron proved Iona's stances were "not specific to any particular Christian denomination."
Lolek's registered address is 23 Merrion Square, Dublin which it shares with a number of Roman Catholic organisations:
Charitable status.
Lolek is a registered charity using the category of "advancement of religion" to qualify; hence its does not pay any tax on its income. Lolek's constitution and charitable status legally restrict the company's activities to promoting and advancing religion. However, it has been criticised as portraying itself as a secular organisation and avoiding the use of religious arguments in political campaigns; along with purposely hiding its affiliation with the Catholic Church. Senator David Norris criticised Iona's charitable status in a Seanad Éireann debate saying that it was "the most ideologically driven group I have come across and it is not a charity. I would be very interested to know how it receives charitable status for such a campaigning political group?" During the same debate, Senator Martin Conway stated that "[i]t is shocking that the Iona Institute has charitable status."
In the run-up to the 2015 same-sex marriage referendum, opponents argued that Iona's activities were political and that it was therefore legally required to register with the Standards in Public Office Commission (SIPO), which monitors political donations. Organisations which receive a donation of €100 or more for political purposes are considered a "third party" and must register with SIPO and submit their accounts for analysis. On 20 February, SIPO contacted Iona and asked them to consider whether they were required to register as a third party and to confirm whether they had received political donations exceed the €100 threshold and to reply before the 31 March deadline.
On 4 March, Iona told SIPO that it did not receive any political donations exceeding €100 and that it was not going to register as a third party. Atheist Ireland wrote to SIPO on 20 April with examples of political activity carried out by Iona. SIPO responded that it is their practice to accept a group's declaration that it has considered whether it is a third party and that it has not received a political donation. 
However, on 23 April, seven weeks after declaring that they had not received any relevant political donations, Iona reversed its decision and registered as a third party. Iona explained that its change of policy was because it wanted to "play a fuller part" in the referendum and that intended to distribute "a minimum of half a million leaflets".
Lolek's financial statements reveal that it received a total of €355,437 in donations during 2015; consisting of €149,830 "regular" donations and €205,607 relating to the marriage referendum. A substantial increase in revenue compared to receiving just €202,677 donations in 2014 and only €170,032 in 2014. The statements report that all of Lolek's income is attributable to the Irish market.
In 2018, the same year as the abortion referendum, Lolek received €441,696 in donations. Again a substantial increase compared with receiving €218,798 in the prior year and €208,130 in the following year. No breakdown was provided as to how much were regular donations and how much were political donations.
In 2016, Lolek adopted a new constitution which removed prior explicit references to the promotion of Christianity and Christian social and moral values from the object of the company. The 2016 constitution gives the objects for which the company was established to be [t]he promotion and advancement of marriage and religion in society and the doing of all such other things as are incidental or conductive to the attainment of the above object."
Funding.
Lolek is required to report its income by filing annual financial statements with the Companies Registration Office. Lolek does not disclose the source of its income other than it consists of private donations received due to its activity in Ireland.
The source of Iona's funding and whether it is compliant with Irish law have been regularly raised in the Irish media, in Dáil Éireann and Seanad Éireann.
In 2021, the European Parliamentary Forum for Sexual and Reproductive Rights published a report, "Tip of the Iceberg", which claimed that the Iona Institute, among others, had received substantial funding from Russia to pursue an anti-gender/anti-trans rights agenda. The Novae Terrae Foundation was identified as the immediate donor to the Iona Institute, after it had in turn benefited from €2.39 million from a Russian-Azerbaijani "laundromat" designed to channel funds to like-minded campaign groups. It states that some of this funding was then routed to the European Christian Political Movement, which campaigns on a socially conservative and Christian right basis. In a blog entry, founder David Quinn called the claim "absurd".
During the 2015 marriage referendum campaign, David Quinn admitted that a substantial amount of Iona's foreign funding, around €24,000, came from the Novae Terrae Foundation. He denied that the money was used in the marriage referendum campaign.
David Quinn contributed an essay to the 2010 publication "Exiting a Dead End Road: A GPS for Christians in Public Discourse" which was funded by the Novae Terrae Foundation.
Agenda Europe.
Iona is closely linked with Agenda Europe; a secretive network of European ultra-conservative organisations which oppose LGBT rights, abortion, contraception, assisted reproduction technologies, surrogacy, euthanasia and divorce.
The activity of the group was exposed in a leak to the television channel Arte in 2017; a cache of documents revealed that Agenda Europe was founded in a "strictly confidential" meeting in London in January 2013; that it held annual "summits" and that it has a common manifesto called "Restoring the Natural Order: an Agenda for Europe".
The first summit was held in Fürstenried Castle, outside Munich in 2014. David Quinn attended and gave a talk on opposition to same-sex marriage. In 2015, the summit was held in Dublin where Iona directors David Quinn and Tom Finegan presented a talk on the Irish same-sex marriage referendum which occurred early that year. In 2016, the summit was held in Warsaw were Quinn moderated discussions regarding hate speech and the "politicisation" of human rights.
The summits were attended by Luca Volontè, founder of the Novae Terrae Foundation which was exposed money-laundering and funnelling Russian-Azerbaijani funds into various right-wing religious groups in Europe, including Iona. In 2021, Volontè was sentenced to four years in prison by the Court of Milan for taking bribes from Azerbaijani politicians.
Campaign issues.
Marriage.
Same-sex marriage.
The Iona Institute promotes heterosexual marriage and opposes the extension of the right to marry to same-sex couples. The group previously opposed the introduction of civil partnerships. The group says that children do best when raised by a mother and father, citing a study by Douglas Allen and others published in the journal "Demography" in 2012. This position has been challenged by groups such as the American Psychological Association, whose stated position is that "the evidence to date suggests that home environments provided by lesbian and gay parents are as likely as those provided by heterosexual parents to support and enable children's psychosocial growth". The Iona Institute has been accused of misrepresenting the research which underpins its position opposing same-sex marriage. The group was also criticised for invalid interpretations of data to back its claims.
In December 2012 the group released a video on YouTube saying that marriage can only be between a man and a woman and that blocking gay couples from marriage was not discrimination. The video gained notoriety after the institute's YouTube account was temporarily suspended. Its director, David Quinn, alleged censorship. The video was subsequently parodied by activists in favour of same-sex marriage.
On 13 May 2015, in the run up to Ireland's same-sex marriage referendum held on 22 May 2015, Irish historian John A Murphy, wrote to "The Irish Times". In his letter, he described the constitutional amendment, which permitted same sex marriage and extended constitutional protection to families based on such marriages, as "grotesque nonsense." Following this, Iona director David Quinn tweeted "Proposed change to marriage 'grotesque nonsense'. ...Great letter by Prof John A Murphy in [Tag] today." Quinn was criticised for this tweet by LGBT rights activist Panti, who wrote: "I can think of lots of things that are grotesque. Extending constitutional protection to all families is not one of them. ...I would call it 'fair', 'reasonable', 'compassionate', 'considerate', 'respectful', or even 'the very least we can do'. But not 'grotesque.'"
Marital breakdown claims.
An Iona Institute report called "The Fragmenting Family" drew heavily on data from the 2006 census and said that between 1986 and 2006 marital breakdown in Ireland rose by 500%. However, the report was criticised by Fergus Finlay because it used figures from the 1986 census (before divorce was legalised in