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Panlongia was a small-sized (up to 2 cm) marine arthropod, with an oval-shaped non-calcified exoskeleton. Both the head shield (or cephalon) and the tail shield (or pygidium) are semi-circular. In between the cephalon and pygidium are four thoracic body segments (somites). The cephalon occupies approximately ⅓ of the body length, the thorax ¼ and pygidium about 45%. "Panlongia" lived during the late Lower Cambrian (Botomian) in what is today South China. In "Panlongia spinosa" the edge of the exoskeleton carries several small sawtooth-like spines, that are absent in "P. tetranodusa".
Taxonomy.
The phylogenetic position of "Panlongia" remained uncertain due to the lack of appendages until 2024, when more well-preserved specimens with appendages narrowed its placement down to as a nektaspid. 
Ecology.
"Panlongia tetranodusa" occurs with the coeloscleritophoran "Allonia sp.", the vetulicolian "Vetulicola gangtoucunensis", lingulate brachiopods "Lingulellotreta malongensis", "Diandongia pista", "Acrothele rara", and "Westonia gubaiensis"; radiodonts "Houcaris saron" and "Guanshancaris kunmingensis", hyolith "Linevitus malongensis", eocrinoid "Wudingeocrinus rarus", Trilobites "Redlichia yunnanensis", "R. mansuyi", "R. noetlingi", "R. conica", "R. shijiangjunensis", "Palaeolenus douvillei", and "P. lantenoisi"; crustaceans: "Tuzoia sinensis", "T. tylodesa", "Branchiocaris sp.", "Liangshanella liangshanensis", and "Neokunmingella sp.", and several other arthropods like "Longquania bispinosa", "Guangweicaris spinatus"; "Leanchoilia illecebrosa", "Isoxys minor" and "I. wudingensis".
References.
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