Type of squash
Calabaza is the generic name in the Spanish language for any type of winter squash. Within an English-language context it specifically refers to the West Indian pumpkin, a winter squash typically grown in the West Indies, tropical America, and the Philippines. Calabaza is the common name for "Cucurbita moschata" in Cuba, Florida, Puerto Rico, Mexico and the Philippines (where it is also spelled "kalabasa"). "C. moschata" is also known as "auyama" in Colombia, the Dominican Republic and Venezuela; "ayote" in Central America; "zapallo" in certain countries of South America; and "pumpkin", "squash", or "calabash" in English-speaking islands.
Etymology.
The French term "calebasse", and hence the English "calabash", is based on the older Spanish. The spanish word is of pre-Roman origin. It comes from the Iberian "calapaccu", from -cal which means house or shell. It is a doublet of carapace and galapago.
Cultivars.
In North America, the Spanish word "calabaza" may refer to any of several species of squash of the genus "Cucurbita". The term is most commonly used for cultivars of the species "C. moschata", which is native to the Caribbean. The skin color typically varies from dark green to light yellow. The flesh can also vary in color, but most common is bright orange or yellow. Varieties differ somewhat in taste and texture, but are generally slightly sweet with a firm but soft texture. Cultivars of the species "C. maxima" may also use the term if they resemble the "C. moschata" cultivars, and widespread species "C. foetidissima" specifically identifies "calabaza" as one of its common names.
Botanical description.
Calabaza plants are monoecious and are pollinated by insects like honeybees and bumblebees. The plants have long internodes and vines that are up to from the crown of the fruit to the plant. Most plants have vine-type growth; however, there are some "Cucurbita moschata" that are recorded to have bush-type growth. They typically yield between two and fifteen fruits, but the bush types provide higher yields. The fruit may weigh , and fruit shape varies from oval, spheroid, obovate, pear, oblate, to elliptic. Improved types tend to be spheroid, oblate or flat. The rind varies in color from a light to dark green when immature and a light orange to beige when mature, and can be smooth or warted. The inside flesh is green-yellow to orange in color and is about thick.
Uses.
Calabaza is eaten many different ways, such as in stews, cakes, and candies. It can also be used in place of pumpkin varieties. The taste is smooth and somewhat sweet. Calabaza is a good source of beta-carotene, some of which can be converted into vitamin A.
Under Spanish colonial influence, "C. moschata" became established in the Philippines and is a staple vegetable used in a variety of dishes. It is known in Filipino as "kalabasa", or in Philippine English as "squash" or "pumpkin".
The flower ("flor de calabaza") is used as an ingredient in quesadillas, empanadas and other dishes in Mexican cuisine and New Mexican cuisine, and in pupusas in Salvadoran cuisine. The flowers ("bulaklak ng kalabasa") are also commonly eaten stuffed ("relyeno" or "relleno"), or as ingredients in soups in Philippine cuisine, along with young leaves ("talbos ng kalabasa").
The seeds, toasted and seasoned, known as "pepitas", are a common snack.
References.
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