Austrian physician
Rudolf Rafael Kolisch (10 December 1867 – 7 April 1922) was an Austrian physician.
Biography.
Kolisch was born at Koryčany, Moravia on 10 December 1867, the son of postmaster Adolf Kolisch and Amalie Reif. He was the nephew of the author and journalist Sigmund Kolisch. He studied medicine at Vienna and Heidelberg (M.D. 1891). In 1895 he became privat-docent in medicine at the University of Vienna. Besides lecturing during the sessions of the university he practised medicine in Karlsbad during the summer months.
Kolisch was one of the first authors in Germany to support the view of French physiologist Claude Bernard that diabetes is caused by increased formation of sugar in the tissues. He was the principal champion of a vegetarian diet and a restriction of protein to treat diabetes. Kolisch's work had a strong influence on the development of diabetes therapy in the two decades prior to the first use of insulin in 1922, a time when the most important problem in diabetes therapy was balancing the ratio between protein and carbohydrates.
Kolisch was father of the violinist Rudolf Kolisch and Gertrud Schoenberg. He died on 7 April 1922 in Vienna.
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