School fees in New Zealand is a term referring to monetary payments by parents or guardians to their child's school.
In state and state-integrated schools, "school fees" is most commonly used to describe a request from schools to parents or guardians for a donation (usually annual) to their child's school. Although this payment is entirely voluntary, some school boards use terms such as "Fees", "School Levy" or "Parental Contribution" to coerce payment from parents. The Ministry of Education direction from its 1998-25 Fees Circular to school Boards advises that terms to imply that payment of the sum is compulsory should not be used, particularly "fee" or "levy". Instead, the term "School Donation" is suggested.
State and state-integrated schools can charge Activity Fees for items above and beyond the curriculum, but payment of the donation is voluntary.
In state-integrated schools, there is a compulsory fee called "Attendance Dues". Schools have to report their attendance dues to the Ministry of Education, where any changes to the dues are monitored. Attendance dues are payable for upkeep of the school land and buildings, which unlike in state schools are privately owned by proprietors, such as the Catholic Church in the case of a Catholic school. While school donations are voluntary like in state schools, parents/guardians are contractually and legally required to pay attendance dues, and proprietors can take action against parents or even cancel the enrolment of the child over unpaid attendance dues.
Right to free primary and secondary education.
Section 3 of the Education Act 1989 states the following:
 ;templatestyles src="Template:Blockquote/styles.css" / ;"Except as provided in this Act, every person who is not an international student is entitled to free enrolment and free education at any State school or partnership school kura hourua during the period beginning on the person’s fifth birthday and ending on 1 January after the person’s 19th birthday."
The act defines an international student as anyone who is not a New Zealand citizen or the holder of a New Zealand residence class visa. By virtue of the Trans-Tasman Travel Arrangement, Australian citizens and residents are automatically awarded a residence class visa on entry into New Zealand, so are not classified as international students. There are additional circumstances in which students are not classified as international students, such as children of refugees and foreign diplomats in New Zealand.
This means as long as the student is a domestic student, parents and/or legal guardians do not have to pay for things such as;
BYO Devices.
On 26 March 2017, the NZ Herald reported that the Ministry of Education was set to remind schools that they can't enforce bring your own devices on parents. Ministry of Education deputy secretary Katrina Casey was quoted as saying:
″Compulsory BYOD policies breached provisions in the Education Act guaranteeing a "free education" at state and partnership schools for all children from age 5 to 19.″
″We will be reminding all schools that boards of trustees can ask, but can't compel, families to bring their own digital devices because schools can't deny a child's access to learning if their parents can't provide them one. In these cases, boards need to provide access to a school device. No child's learning should ever be disadvantaged by a lack of access to technology.″
Delivery of the curriculum.
The Government provides funding for teacher salaries, operational grants and supplementary grants to pay for the running of state and state-integrated schools and the delivery of the curriculum, so schools may only charge parents for things that fall outside of the curriculum.
Activity fees.
Schools can ask for, but not "insist on", payment of fees for activities that fall outside the curriculum or have a "take home component", at the beginning of the year. Schools can not make payment in advance a condition of enrolment and must ensure that learning is not impacted through non-payment for any reason, as Section 3 of the Education Act guarantees free enrolment.
The Ministry suggests that;
Notably the Ministry of Education (1998-25) advises that it is inappropriate for activity fees to cover student workbooks (textbooks that students write in) and photocopying. Activity fees are a 'goods and service' so attract GST. The operation of activity fees is described in cases below.
School camps.
If an Outdoor Education Camp is part of the curriculum of a particular course at school, then the school may not charge for it. However they can charge for food and transport to the camp.
If parents are unable or unwilling to pay for a school camp that is not part of the curriculum, or for food and transport to one that is, then the school should provide activities that will be an "appropriate alternative" for the children who do not go to the camp.
School projects.
Schools may charge for materials in classes such as woodwork and design when the student is able to take the finished project home. But the school should not force students to take the project home just so they can be charged for it. If a high cost project is being planned a lower cost alternative should also be provided.
Photocopying.
Schools cannot charge for photocopying except in exceptional cases. In most cases the teacher handing out photocopied materials is an integral part of the delivery of the Curriculum. Schools cannot charge for textbooks or workbooks unless the student is allowed to keep the book.
Programmes in English for speakers of other languages.
If the school is being funded by the Ministry or some other institution to provide these programmes then it cannot charge students to attend. A school may charge for unfunded programmes but it cannot compel parents to enrol their students in them.
Special Education Programmes.
Special Education Programmes are usually funded through the Ongoing Resourcing Scheme, Specialist Education Services, or the Special Education Grant so schools can not charge for these programmes.
STAR Courses.
Schools are funded by the Ministry to provide these courses. Unless there is a "take home component" of the course, students cannot be charged for STAR courses.
Reading Recovery Programme.
The Reading Recovery Programme is part of the curriculum and there can be no charge for it.
NCEA fees.
These fees were collected by Secondary schools on behalf of the New Zealand Qualifications Authority (NZQA) for the cost of administering the National Certificate of Educational Achievement (NCEA), the main secondary school qualification in New Zealand. The fee was $76.70 per year, although it could be reduced to $20 for those with a Community Services Card (this includes all beneficiaries) or have three or more children completing NCEA.
The fee was abolished by the Sixth Labour Government in 2019.
Enrolment fees.
On 27 February 2016 the New Zealand Herald reported that Auckland Grammar School and Cornwall Park District School requested a payment from parents to participate in the ballot for out-of-zone places.
This resulted in the Ministry of Education issuing an Auckland-wide "critical reminder" to remind principals that they are not allowed to charge for participation in the ballots.
The reminder stated "Administering a ballot for out-of-zone students is considered part of the normal activity of school staff"
Katrina Casey, of the Ministry of Education, also stated that: 
"We have written to Auckland Grammar School and Cornwall Park District School to explain no payment connected with enrolment could be sought from parents and that schools cannot charge a ballot application fee, or make a fee a condition of enrolment,".
School donations.
Many schools request a school donation. It is voluntary, tax-deductible for parents, and does not attract GST. Schools state that the school donation is needed to bridge the gap between the costs of delivering quality learning over and above what the Government funds.
Schools typically use the funding to top-up the Operational Grant. Funds are tagged for items attractive to parents – e.g. additional teachers/small class sizes, ICT, or other learning resources, but as they are counted as income for operational matters in reality donations are indistinguishable from other operational grant expenditure, including any staff funded by the board of trustees.
The Government provides a higher Operations Grant for low decile schools because the decile represents the school community's socio-economic rank. As they get less Government funding, and because parents have more ability to pay, high decile schools typically request a larger donation.
On 10 May 2013, the NZ Herald reported that in 2012 parents raised "more than $357 million a year in donations and fundraising to support the "free" schooling system."
Non-Payment of donations.
Wellington College, a decile 10 school, charges $720 per student and $250 for each sibling each year for "extras" such as sports gear and computers, and the headmaster Roger Moses has admitted that it is powerless to act against the quarter of parents who refused to pay. Auckland Grammar deputy headmaster Wayne Moore said only 65 per cent of parents paid and his school would introduce a $250 "compulsory fee" in 2008 for technology subjects. The Rector of Palmerston North Boys' High School (decile 9), Tim O'Connor said that:
"We have parents who simply don't pay, believing that we have a totally free education system, which is generally supported by what the ministry tells parents."
and that his school was considering hiring a full-time commercial manager to raise the extra $1.5 million a year it needed to operate.
In 2007 Feilding High School allegedly named students in school assembly, sent students home and restricted access to classes, because their parents had not paid subject fees. The Ministry of Education said in a media release that:
... a school has the right to pursue the payment of legitimate charges. It has access to the same debt recovery processes as any other organisation. Parents are required to pay any legitimate charges that have been agreed with the school in the same manner that they are required to pay their power and phone bills.
However, Mr Matheson also said that a school cannot use students as a lever in debt recovery. A school has no right to restrict access to classes, or send students home, or to shame students as a device to force their parents to pay. The issue of the claimed debt is between the school and parents.
Because school attendance is compulsory for students it is unethical for a school to use its relationship with students in this manner.
Failure to ensure the well-being of all students at the school could result in the ministry using its statutory powers to intervene in the operation of the school board. The ministry has the power to appoint a specialist adviser to the board, or a limited statutory manager to manage student well-being, or a commissioner to run the school.
School Trustees Association head Ray Newport says fewer parents have been paying the donation in recent years. At some schools the percentage is as low as 20% and even at the highest-decile schools, many parents opt out.
Withholding school reports.
School Boards cannot withhold school reports or leaving certificates until the Activity Fees, School Donation or any other charges have been paid as the National Education Guidelines state that:
Each Board, through the principal and staff, will be required to...report on student progress
Schools must also obey Section 5 of the Official Information Act 1982
The question whether any official information is to be made available, where that question arises under this Act, shall be determined, except where this Act otherwise expressly requires, in accordance with the purposes of this Act and the principle that the information shall be made available unless there is good reason for withholding it.
And Section 6, Principle 6(1) of the Privacy Act 1993
Where an agency holds personal information in such a way that it can readily be retrieved, the individual concerned shall be entitled...to have access to that information.
Surcharges and Withholding Privileges.
On 29 May 2013, the NZ Herald reported that Avondale College would not allow a student who had not made a donation to attend the school ball.
on 2 June 2013, the NZ Herald also reported that Macleans College added surcharges to ball and graduation dinner tickets, sports, drama and dance activities, and fees for Cambridge International exams if a student had not made a donation. The NZ Herald also stated that Macleans College was being investigated and according to the Ministry of Education the practice was unlawful.
Ministry of Education spokeswoman Katrina Casey said that:
she would seek assurances from Macleans College that:
- Any unlawful charging of fees will cease.
- Students will not have privileges withheld because of non-payment of donations.
- There will be no coercion to pay donations
Principal Byron Bentley was quoted as saying: "We beg to differ that these charges are