Class of enzymes
In enzymology, a cysteine synthase (EC 2.5.1.47) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
"O"3-acetyl--serine + hydrogen sulfide formula_1 -cysteine + acetate
Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are "O"3-acetyl--serine and hydrogen sulfide, whereas its two products are -cysteine and acetate.
This enzyme belongs to the family of transferases, specifically those transferring aryl or alkyl groups other than methyl groups. The systematic name of this enzyme class is O3-acetyl-L-serine:hydrogen-sulfide 2-amino-2-carboxyethyltransferase. Other names in common use include O-acetyl-L-serine sulfhydrylase, O-acetyl-L-serine sulfohydrolase, O-acetylserine (thiol)-lyase, O-acetylserine (thiol)-lyase A, O-acetylserine sulfhydrylase, O3-acetyl-L-serine acetate-lyase (adding hydrogen-sulfide), acetylserine sulfhydrylase, cysteine synthetase, S-sulfocysteine synthase, 3-O-acetyl-L-serine:hydrogen-sulfide, and 2-amino-2-carboxyethyltransferase. This enzyme participates in 3 metabolic pathways: cysteine metabolism, selenoamino acid metabolism, and sulfur metabolism. It employs one cofactor, pyridoxal phosphate.
Structural studies.
As of late 2007, 12 structures have been solved for this class of enzymes, with PDB accession codes 1O58, 1VE1, 1Y7L, 1Z7W, 1Z7Y, 2BHS, 2BHT, 2EGU, 2ISQ, 2Q3B, 2Q3C, and 2Q3D.
References.
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