The Central Iapetus magmatic province (CIMP) was a large igneous province (LIP) that occurred during the Ediacaran (615–550 Ma) between several ancient continents – Laurentia and Baltica and, possibly, Amazonia – during the break-up of the supercontinent Rodinia and resulted in the opening of the Iapetus Ocean.
With a potential radius of up to , the CIMP was one of the larger volcanic events on Earth, similar in size to the 200 Ma Central Atlantic Magmatic Province. Evidences for the CIMP have also been found in Mexico, Morocco, and Svalbard.
The CIMP coincides with the Marinoan and Gaskiers glaciations and precedes the so-called Cambrian explosion, the evolution of modern lineages.
The CIMP left extensive traces along the Appalachians in eastern North America to which the Baltoscandian margin a conjugate. No traces of the CIMP have been found in Amazonia, however, and it is possible Laurentia and Amazonia separated during 1000 Ma-rifting events.
Four pulses of magmatism associated with the CIMP have been identified:
It is unclear whether the CIMP was a single plume centre event or not. The first two pulses have a composition indicative of a LIP, while the last pulse contains ocean island basalts and can therefore be associated with the opening Iapetus Ocean.
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